Long-lived oscillons from asymmetric bubbles: Existence and stability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adib, Artur B.; Gleiser, Marcelo; Almeida, Carlos A.

2002-10-01

The possibility that extremely long-lived, time-dependent, and localized field configurations (``oscillons'') arise during the collapse of asymmetrical bubbles in (2+1)-dimensional φ4 models is investigated. It is found that oscillons can develop from a large spectrum of elliptically deformed bubbles. Moreover, we provide numerical evidence that such oscillons are (a) circularly symmetric and (b) linearly stable against small arbitrary radial and angular perturbations. The latter is based on a dynamical approach designed to investigate the stability of nonintegrable time-dependent configurations that is capable of probing slowly growing instabilities not seen through the usual ``spectral'' method.

Near integrability of kink lattice with higher order interactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiang, Yun-Guo; Liu, Jia-Zhen; He, Song

2017-11-01

We make use of Manton’s analytical method to investigate the force between kinks and anti-kinks at large distances in 1+1 dimensional field theory. The related potential has infinite order corrections of exponential pattern, and the coefficients for each order are determined. These coefficients can also be obtained by solving the equation of the fluctuations around the vacuum. At the lowest order, the kink lattice represents the Toda lattice. With higher order correction terms, the kink lattice can represent one kind of generic Toda lattice. With only two sites, the kink lattice is classically integrable. If the number of sites of the lattice is larger than two, the kink lattice is not integrable but is a near integrable system. We make use of Flaschka’s variables to study the Lax pair of the kink lattice. These Flaschka’s variables have interesting algebraic relations and non-integrability can be manifested. We also discuss the higher Hamiltonians for the deformed open Toda lattice, which has a similar result to the ordinary deformed Toda. Supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2014AQ007), National Natural Science Foundation of China (11403015, U1531105), S. He is supported by Max-Planck fellowship in Germany and National Natural Science Foundation of China (11305235)

Thermalization threshold in models of 1D fermions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mukerjee, Subroto; Modak, Ranjan; Ramswamy, Sriram

2013-03-01

The question of how isolated quantum systems thermalize is an interesting and open one. In this study we equate thermalization with non-integrability to try to answer this question. In particular, we study the effect of system size on the integrability of 1D systems of interacting fermions on a lattice. We find that for a finite-sized system, a non-zero value of an integrability breaking parameter is required to make an integrable system appear non-integrable. Using exact diagonalization and diagnostics such as energy level statistics and the Drude weight, we find that the threshold value of the integrability breaking parameter scales to zero as a power law with system size. We find the exponent to be the same for different models with its value depending on the random matrix ensemble describing the non-integrable system. We also study a simple analytical model of a non-integrable system with an integrable limit to better understand how a power law emerges.

40 CFR 430.117 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... using these biocides: Subpart K [PSNS for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from... equivalent mass limitations are provided as guidance in cases when POTWs find it necessary to impose mass effluent limitations. Subpart K [PSNS for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased...

40 CFR 430.117 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... using these biocides: Subpart K [PSNS for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from... equivalent mass limitations are provided as guidance in cases when POTWs find it necessary to impose mass effluent limitations. Subpart K [PSNS for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased...

40 CFR 430.117 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... using these biocides: Subpart K [PSNS for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from... equivalent mass limitations are provided as guidance in cases when POTWs find it necessary to impose mass effluent limitations. Subpart K [PSNS for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased...

40 CFR 430.117 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... using these biocides: Subpart K [PSNS for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from... equivalent mass limitations are provided as guidance in cases when POTWs find it necessary to impose mass effluent limitations. Subpart K [PSNS for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased...

40 CFR 430.116 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... [PSES for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased pulp—wood fiber furnish....00064 y = wastewater discharged in kgal per ton of product. a The following equivalent mass limitations.... Subpart K [PSES for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased pulp—cotton fiber...

40 CFR 430.116 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... [PSES for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased pulp—wood fiber furnish....00064 y = wastewater discharged in kgal per ton of product. a The following equivalent mass limitations.... Subpart K [PSES for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased pulp—cotton fiber...

Social support network typologies and health outcomes of older people in low and middle income countries--a 10/66 Dementia Research Group population-based study.

PubMed

Thiyagarajan, Jotheeswaran A; Prince, Martin; Webber, Martin

2014-08-01

This study aims to assess the construct validity of the Wenger social support network typology in low and middle income countries. We hypothesize that, in comparison with the integrated network type, the non-integrated network type is associated with loneliness, depression, poor quality of life (less happiness), poor self-reported health, increased disability and higher care needs. Cross-sectional one-phase surveys were conducted of all residents aged 65 and over in catchment areas in eight low and middle income countries (India, China, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Mexico, Peru and Puerto Rico). Wenger's Practitioner Assessment of Network Type (PANT) was used to measure social network type. Family dependent, local self-contained, wider community-focused and private restricted network types were considered non-integrated, in comparison to the locally integrated network type. Overall, 17,031 participants were interviewed. Family dependent and locally integrated network types were the most prevalent. Adjusted pooled estimates across sites showed that loneliness, depression, less happiness, poor health, disability, and need for care were significantly associated with non-integrated network type. The findings of this study support the construct validity of Wenger's network typology in low and middle income countries. However, further research is required to test the criterion validity of Wenger typology using longitudinal data. Identifying older people who are vulnerable could inform the development of social care interventions to support older people and their families in the context of deteriorating health.

40 CFR 430.116 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...: Subpart K [PSES for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased pulp—wood fiber...)(15.2)/y 0.00064 y = wastewater discharged in kgal per ton of product. a The following equivalent mass.... Subpart K [PSES for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased pulp—cotton fiber...

40 CFR 430.116 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...: Subpart K [PSES for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased pulp—wood fiber...)(15.2)/y 0.00064 y = wastewater discharged in kgal per ton of product. a The following equivalent mass.... Subpart K [PSES for non-integrated mills where fine paper is produced from purchased pulp—cotton fiber...

Evaluation of a Hepatitis C Patient Management Program at a University Specialty Pharmacy.

PubMed

Zaepfel, Michelle; Cristofaro, Lisa; Trawinski, Allison; McCarthy, Katharine; Rightmier, Elizabeth; Khadem, Tina

2017-04-01

The University of Rochester (UR) Specialty Pharmacy hepatitis C patient management program offers a unique advantage of being integrated within the same health system as the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) Gastroenterology and Hepatology division. The primary purpose of this study was to assess treatment success through the incidence of achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) in patients served by the UR Specialty Pharmacy versus other nonintegrated pharmacies. This was a single-center retrospective cohort study in adult patients of URMC Gastroenterology and Hepatology prescribed hepatitis C treatment between January 1, 2014, and July 15, 2015. The incidence of SVR, adherence, delay in therapy initiation, early treatment discontinuation, rate of attainment of viral load measurement post-therapy completion, and predictors associated with treatment outcome were assessed. A total of 414 patients were prescribed hepatitis C virus treatment during the study period; 137 did not initiate therapy. The rate of SVR was 93% among patients at the UR Specialty Pharmacy and 89% at nonintegrated pharmacies ( P = 0.357). Adherence to therapy was 100% and 97% at the UR Specialty Pharmacy and nonintegrated pharmacies, respectively ( P = 0.046). The UR Specialty Pharmacy was associated with a 93% SVR rate and significantly greater adherence compared with nonintegrated pharmacies. Larger studies are needed to determine if a significant difference in SVR exists between integrated and nonintegrated pharmacies. This study provides a framework for other institutions to justify developing integrated hepatitis C specialty pharmacy services and evaluate their success.

Dynamical structure factor of the J1-J2 Heisenberg model in one dimension: The variational Monte Carlo approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferrari, Francesco; Parola, Alberto; Sorella, Sandro; Becca, Federico

2018-06-01

The dynamical spin structure factor is computed within a variational framework to study the one-dimensional J1-J2 Heisenberg model. Starting from Gutzwiller-projected fermionic wave functions, the low-energy spectrum is constructed from two-spinon excitations. The direct comparison with Lanczos calculations on small clusters demonstrates the excellent description of both gapless and gapped (dimerized) phases, including incommensurate structures for J2/J1>0.5 . Calculations on large clusters show how the intensity evolves when increasing the frustrating ratio and give an unprecedented accurate characterization of the dynamical properties of (nonintegrable) frustrated spin models.

Evolution of spherical cavitation bubbles: Parametric and closed-form solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mancas, Stefan C.; Rosu, Haret C.

2016-02-01

We present an analysis of the Rayleigh-Plesset equation for a three dimensional vacuous bubble in water. In the simplest case when the effects of surface tension are neglected, the known parametric solutions for the radius and time evolution of the bubble in terms of a hypergeometric function are briefly reviewed. By including the surface tension, we show the connection between the Rayleigh-Plesset equation and Abel's equation, and obtain the parametric rational Weierstrass periodic solutions following the Abel route. In the same Abel approach, we also provide a discussion of the nonintegrable case of nonzero viscosity for which we perform a numerical integration.

Prevalence of Salmonella on retail broiler chicken meat carcasses in Colombia.

PubMed

Donado-Godoy, Pilar; Clavijo, Viviana; León, Maribel; Tafur, Mc Allister; Gonzales, Sebastian; Hume, Michael; Alali, Walid; Walls, Isabel; Lo Fo Wong, Danilo M A; Doyle, M P

2012-06-01

A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate the prevalence of Salmonella on retail market chicken carcasses in Colombia. A total of 1,003 broiler chicken carcasses from 23 departments (one city per department) were collected via a stratified sampling method. Carcass rinses were tested for the presence of Salmonella by conventional culture methods. Salmonella strains were isolated from 27 % of the carcasses sampled. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine potential risk factors for Salmonella contamination associated with the chicken production system (conventional versus free-range), storage condition (chilled versus frozen), retail store type (supermarket, independent, and wet market), poultry company (integrated company versus nonintegrated company), and socioeconomic stratum. Chickens from a nonintegrated poultry company were associated with a significantly (P < 0.05) greater risk of Salmonella contamination (odds ratio, 2.0) than were chickens from an integrated company. Chilled chickens had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher risk of Salmonella contamination (odds ratio, 4.3) than did frozen chicken carcasses.

Time-dependent variational principle in matrix-product state manifolds: Pitfalls and potential

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kloss, Benedikt; Lev, Yevgeny Bar; Reichman, David

2018-01-01

We study the applicability of the time-dependent variational principle in matrix-product state manifolds for the long time description of quantum interacting systems. By studying integrable and nonintegrable systems for which the long time dynamics are known we demonstrate that convergence of long time observables is subtle and needs to be examined carefully. Remarkably, for the disordered nonintegrable system we consider the long time dynamics are in good agreement with the rigorously obtained short time behavior and with previous obtained numerically exact results, suggesting that at least in this case, the apparent convergence of this approach is reliable. Our study indicates that, while great care must be exercised in establishing the convergence of the method, it may still be asymptotically accurate for a class of disordered nonintegrable quantum systems.

Non-integrating episomal plasmid-based reprogramming of human amniotic fluid stem cells into induced pluripotent stem cells in chemically defined conditions.

PubMed

Slamecka, Jaroslav; Salimova, Lilia; McClellan, Steven; van Kelle, Mathieu; Kehl, Debora; Laurini, Javier; Cinelli, Paolo; Owen, Laurie; Hoerstrup, Simon P; Weber, Benedikt

2016-01-01

Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) represent an attractive potential cell source for fetal and pediatric cell-based therapies. However, upgrading them to pluripotency confers refractoriness toward senescence, higher proliferation rate and unlimited differentiation potential. AFSC were observed to rapidly and efficiently reacquire pluripotency which together with their easy recovery makes them an attractive cell source for reprogramming. The reprogramming process as well as the resulting iPSC epigenome could potentially benefit from the unspecialized nature of AFSC. iPSC derived from AFSC also have potential in disease modeling, such as Down syndrome or β-thalassemia. Previous experiments involving AFSC reprogramming have largely relied on integrative vector transgene delivery and undefined serum-containing, feeder-dependent culture. Here, we describe non-integrative oriP/EBNA-1 episomal plasmid-based reprogramming of AFSC into iPSC and culture in fully chemically defined xeno-free conditions represented by vitronectin coating and E8 medium, a system that we found uniquely suited for this purpose. The derived AF-iPSC lines uniformly expressed a set of pluripotency markers Oct3/4, Nanog, Sox2, SSEA-1, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81 in a pattern typical for human primed PSC. Additionally, the cells formed teratomas, and were deemed pluripotent by PluriTest, a global expression microarray-based in-silico pluripotency assay. However, we found that the PluriTest scores were borderline, indicating a unique pluripotent signature in the defined condition. In the light of potential future clinical translation of iPSC technology, non-integrating reprogramming and chemically defined culture are more acceptable.

Generic superweak chaos induced by Hall effect

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ben-Harush, Moti; Dana, Itzhack

2016-05-01

We introduce and study the "kicked Hall system" (KHS), i.e., charged particles periodically kicked in the presence of uniform magnetic (B ) and electric (E ) fields that are perpendicular to each other and to the kicking direction. We show that for resonant values of B and E and in the weak-chaos regime of sufficiently small nonintegrability parameter κ (the kicking strength), there exists a generic family of periodic kicking potentials for which the Hall effect from B and E significantly suppresses the weak chaos, replacing it by "superweak" chaos (SWC). This means that the system behaves as if the kicking strength were κ2 rather than κ . For E =0 , SWC is known to be a classical fingerprint of quantum antiresonance, but it occurs under much less generic conditions, in particular only for very special kicking potentials. Manifestations of SWC are a decrease in the instability of periodic orbits and a narrowing of the chaotic layers, relative to the ordinary weak-chaos case. Also, for global SWC, taking place on an infinite "stochastic web" in phase space, the chaotic diffusion on the web is much slower than the weak-chaos one. Thus, the Hall effect can be relatively stabilizing for small κ . In some special cases, the effect is shown to cause ballistic motion for almost all parameter values. The generic global SWC on stochastic webs in the KHS appears to be the two-dimensional closest analog to the Arnol'd web in higher dimensional systems.

Test of quantum thermalization in the two-dimensional transverse-field Ising model

PubMed Central

Blaß, Benjamin; Rieger, Heiko

2016-01-01

We study the quantum relaxation of the two-dimensional transverse-field Ising model after global quenches with a real-time variational Monte Carlo method and address the question whether this non-integrable, two-dimensional system thermalizes or not. We consider both interaction quenches in the paramagnetic phase and field quenches in the ferromagnetic phase and compare the time-averaged probability distributions of non-conserved quantities like magnetization and correlation functions to the thermal distributions according to the canonical Gibbs ensemble obtained with quantum Monte Carlo simulations at temperatures defined by the excess energy in the system. We find that the occurrence of thermalization crucially depends on the quench parameters: While after the interaction quenches in the paramagnetic phase thermalization can be observed, our results for the field quenches in the ferromagnetic phase show clear deviations from the thermal system. These deviations increase with the quench strength and become especially clear comparing the shape of the thermal and the time-averaged distributions, the latter ones indicating that the system does not completely lose the memory of its initial state even for strong quenches. We discuss our results with respect to a recently formulated theorem on generalized thermalization in quantum systems. PMID:27905523

A fuselage/tank structure study for actively cooled hypersonic cruise vehicles, summary. [aircraft design of aircraft fuel systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pirrello, C. J.; Baker, A. H.; Stone, J. E.

1976-01-01

A detailed analytical study was made to investigate the effects of fuselage cross section (circular and elliptical) and the structural arrangement (integral and nonintegral tanks) on aircraft performance. The vehicle was a 200 passenger, liquid hydrogen fueled Mach 6 transport designed to meet a range goal of 9.26 Mn (5000 NM). A variety of trade studies were conducted in the area of configuration arrangement, structural design, and active cooling design in order to maximize the performance of each of three point design aircraft: (1) circular wing-body with nonintegral tanks, (2) circular wing-body with integral tanks and (3) elliptical blended wing-body with integral tanks. Aircraft range and weight were used as the basis for comparison. The resulting design and performance characteristics show that the blended body integral tank aircraft weights the least and has the greatest range capability, however, producibility and maintainability factors favor nonintegral tank concepts.

Joint-operation in water resources project in Indonesia: Integrated or non-integrated

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ophiyandri, Taufika; Istijono, Bambang; Hidayat, Benny

2017-11-01

The construction of large water resources infrastructure project often involved a joint-operation (JO) project between two or more construction companies. The form of JO can be grouped into two categories - an integrated type and a non-integrated type. This paper investigates the reason of forming a JO project made by companies. The specific advantages and problems of JO project is also analysed in this paper. In order to achieve the objectives, three water resources infrastructure projects were selected as case studies. Data was gathered by conducting 11 semi-structured interviews to project owners, contractor managers, and project staffs. Data was analysed by means of content analysis. It was found that the most fundamental factor to form a JO is to win a competition or tender. An integrated model is in favour because it can reduce overhead costs and has a simple management system, while a non-integrated model is selected because it can avoid a sleeping partner and make contractor more responsible for their own job.

Exact results relating spin-orbit interactions in two-dimensional strongly correlated systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kucska, Nóra; Gulácsi, Zsolt

2018-06-01

A 2D square, two-bands, strongly correlated and non-integrable system is analysed exactly in the presence of many-body spin-orbit interactions via the method of Positive Semidefinite Operators. The deduced exact ground states in the high concentration limit are strongly entangled, and given by the spin-orbit coupling are ferromagnetic and present an enhanced carrier mobility, which substantially differs for different spin projections. The described state emerges in a restricted parameter space region, which however is clearly accessible experimentally. The exact solutions are provided via the solution of a matching system of equations containing 74 coupled, non-linear and complex algebraic equations. In our knowledge, other exact results for 2D interacting systems with spin-orbit interactions are not present in the literature.

Poincaré analysis of wave motion in ultrarelativistic electron-ion plasmas.

PubMed

Lehmann, G; Spatschek, K H

2011-03-01

Based on a relativistic Maxwell-fluid description, the existence of ultrarelativistic laser-induced periodic waves in an electron-ion plasma is investigated. Within a one-dimensional propagation geometry nonlinear coupling of the electromagnetic and electrostatic components occurs that makes the fourth-order problem nonintegrable. A Hamiltonian description is derived, and the manifolds of periodic solutions are studied by Poincaré section plots. The influence of ion motion is investigated in different intensity regimes. For ultrarelativistic laser intensities the phase-space structures change significantly compared to the weakly relativistic case. Ion motion becomes very important such that finally electron-ion plasmas in the far-ultrarelativistic regime behave similarly to electron-positron plasmas. The characteristic new types of periodic solutions of the system are identified and discussed.

Review of indicators for cross-sectoral optimization of nosocomial infection prophylaxis – a perspective from structurally- and process-oriented hygiene

PubMed Central

Hübner, Nils-Olaf; Fleßa, Steffen; Jakisch, Ralf; Assadian, Ojan; Kramer, Axel

2012-01-01

In the care of patients, the prevention of nosocomial infections is crucial. For it to be successful, cross-sectoral, interface-oriented hygiene quality management is necessary. The goal is to apply the HACCP (Hazard Assessment and Critical Control Points) concept to hospital hygiene, in order to create a multi-dimensional hygiene control system based on hygiene indicators that will overcome the limitations of a procedurally non-integrated and non-cross-sectoral view of hygiene. Three critical risk dimensions can be identified for the implementation of three-dimensional quality control of hygiene in clinical routine: the constitution of the person concerned, the surrounding physical structures and technical equipment, and the medical procedures. In these dimensions, the establishment of indicators and threshold values enables a comprehensive assessment of hygiene quality. Thus, the cross-sectoral evaluation of the quality of structure, processes and results is decisive for the success of integrated infection prophylaxis. This study lays the foundation for hygiene indicator requirements and develops initial concepts for evaluating quality management in hygiene. PMID:22558049

Cellular Decision Making by Non-Integrative Processing of TLR Inputs.

PubMed

Kellogg, Ryan A; Tian, Chengzhe; Etzrodt, Martin; Tay, Savaş

2017-04-04

Cells receive a multitude of signals from the environment, but how they process simultaneous signaling inputs is not well understood. Response to infection, for example, involves parallel activation of multiple Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that converge on the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway. Although we increasingly understand inflammatory responses for isolated signals, it is not clear how cells process multiple signals that co-occur in physiological settings. We therefore examined a bacterial infection scenario involving co-stimulation of TLR4 and TLR2. Independent stimulation of these receptors induced distinct NF-κB dynamic profiles, although surprisingly, under co-stimulation, single cells continued to show ligand-specific dynamic responses characteristic of TLR2 or TLR4 signaling rather than a mixed response, comprising a cellular decision that we term "non-integrative" processing. Iterating modeling and microfluidic experiments revealed that non-integrative processing occurred through interaction of switch-like NF-κB activation, receptor-specific processing timescales, cell-to-cell variability, and TLR cross-tolerance mediated by multilayer negative feedback. Copyright © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Performance of a hypersonic hot fuselage structure with a carbon dioxide frost projected, nonintegral cryogenic tank

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sharpe, E. L.; Jackson, L. R.

1975-01-01

A model which consisted of a hot structure and a nonintegral tank protected by a carbon dioxide frost thermal protection system was tested under the following conditions: (1) room temperature loading and (2) heating and loading corresponding to the Mach 8 flight of an air-breathing launch vehicle. In the simulated flight tests, liquid nitrogen inside the tank was withdrawn at the rate fuel would be consumed. Prior to each simulated flight test, carbon dioxide was cryodeposited in the insulation surrounding the tank; during the tests, subliming CO2 frost absorbed heat and provided a purge gas for the space between the tank and the structure. A method of flame spraying the joints between panels with a nickel-aluminum material was developed to prevent excessive leakage of the purge gas through the outer structure. The tests indicated that the hot structure (with a joint repaired by riveting), the nonintegral tank and suspension system, and the carbon dioxide frost thermal protection system provide a workable concept with predictable performance.

Loss of adiabaticity with increasing tunneling gap in nonintegrable multistate Landau-Zener models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Malla, Rajesh K.; Raikh, M. E.

2017-09-01

We consider the simplest nonintegrable model of the multistate Landau-Zener transition. In this model, two pairs of levels in two tunnel-coupled quantum dots are swept past each other by the gate voltage. Although this 2 ×2 model is nonintegrable, it can be solved analytically in the limit when the interlevel energy distance is much smaller than their tunnel splitting. The result is contrasted to the similar 2 ×1 model, in which one of the dots contains only one level. The latter model does not allow interference of the virtual transition amplitudes, and it is exactly solvable. In the 2 ×1 model, the probability for a particle, residing at time t →-∞ in one dot, to remain in the same dot at t →∞ , falls off exponentially with tunnel coupling. By contrast, in the 2 ×2 model, this probability grows rapidly with tunnel coupling. The physical origin of this growth is the formation of the tunneling-induced collective states in the system of two dots. This can be viewed as a manifestation of the Dicke effect.

Effect of Integration Patterns Around Implant Neck on Stress Distribution in Peri-Implant Bone: A Finite Element Analysis.

PubMed

Han, Jingyun; Sun, Yuchun; Wang, Chao

2017-08-01

To investigate the biomechanical performance of different osseointegration patterns between cortical bone and implants using finite element analysis. Fifteen finite element models were constructed of the mandibular fixed prosthesis supported by implants. Masticatory loads (200 N axial, 100 N oblique, 40 N horizontal) were applied. The cortical bone/implant interface was divided equally into four layers: upper, upper-middle, lower-middle, and lower. The bone stress and implant displacement were calculated for 5 degrees of uniform integration (0, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%) and 10 integration patterns. The stress was concentrated in the bone margin and gradually decreased as osseointegration progressed, when the integrated and nonintegrated areas were alternated on the bone-implant surface. Compared with full integration, the integration of only the lower-middle layer or lower half layers significantly decreased von Mises, tensile, and compressive stresses in cortical bone under oblique and horizontal loads, and these patterns did not induce higher stress in the cancellous bone. For the integration of only the upper or upper-middle layer, stress in the cortical and cancellous bones significantly increased and was considerably higher than in the case of nonintegration. In addition, the maximum stress in the cortical bone was sensitive to the quantity of integrated nodes at the bone margin; lower quantity was associated with higher stress. There was no significant difference in the displacement of implants among 15 models. Integration patterns of cortical bone significantly affect stress distribution in peri-implant bone. The integration of only the lower-middle or lower half layers helps to increase the load-bearing capacity of peri-implant bone and decrease the risk of overloading, while upper integration may further increase the risk of bone resorption. © 2016 by the American College of Prosthodontists.

Fluid limit of nonintegrable continuous-time random walks in terms of fractional differential equations.

PubMed

Sánchez, R; Carreras, B A; van Milligen, B Ph

2005-01-01

The fluid limit of a recently introduced family of nonintegrable (nonlinear) continuous-time random walks is derived in terms of fractional differential equations. In this limit, it is shown that the formalism allows for the modeling of the interaction between multiple transport mechanisms with not only disparate spatial scales but also different temporal scales. For this reason, the resulting fluid equations may find application in the study of a large number of nonlinear multiscale transport problems, ranging from the study of self-organized criticality to the modeling of turbulent transport in fluids and plasmas.

Department of Education: Multiple, Nonintegrated Systems Hamper Management of Student Financial Aid Programs. Testimony before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, U. S. Senate. Statement of Cornelia M. Blanchette, Associate Director Education and Employment Issues, Health, Education, and Human Services Division.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blanchette, Cornelia M.

This statement of Cornelia M. Blanchette to the U.S. Senate Committee on Labor and Human Reources discusses Department of Education information management systems that support the financial aid programs authorized by Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended. These programs help the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP), the…

Bethe ansatz for two-magnon scattering states in 2D and 3D Heisenberg–Ising ferromagnets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bibikov, P. N.

2018-04-01

Two different versions of Bethe ansatz are suggested for evaluation of scattering two-magnon states in 2D and 3D Heisenberg–Ising ferromagnets on square and simple cubic lattices. It is shown that the two-magnon sector is subdivided on two subsectors related to non-interacting and scattering magnons. The former subsector possess an integrable regular dynamics and may be described by a natural modification of the usual Bethe Ansatz. The latter one is characterized by a non-integrable chaotic dynamics and may be treated only within discrete degenerative version of Bethe Ansatz previously suggested by the author. Some of these results are generalized for multi-magnon states of the Heisenberg–Ising ferromagnet on a D dimensional hyper cubic lattice. Dedicated to the memory of L D Faddeev.

Salmonella Weltevreden in integrated and non-integrated tilapia aquaculture systems in Guangdong, China.

PubMed

Li, Kang; Petersen, Gitte; Barco, Lisa; Hvidtfeldt, Kristian; Liu, Liping; Dalsgaard, Anders

2017-08-01

Integrated tilapia-pig farming, which uses manure from pigs as fertilizers in fish pond, is a traditional and common production system practised by small-scale farmers in South-east Asia. Although such systems may be environmentally sustainable, they also pose potential food safety hazards including transmission of faecal zoonotic pathogens and accumulation of antimicrobial and other chemical residues. This study aimed to determine differences in occurrence and characteristics of Salmonella spp. isolated from tilapia-pig and non-integrated aquaculture systems in Guangdong province, China. A total of 77 samples (9 pig feed, 19 fish feed, 9 pig faeces, 20 fish mucus and 20 fish intestine) from 10 tilapia-pig ponds and 10 non-integrated ponds were analysed. Salmonella spp. was found in fish mucus (20.0%), fish intestine (40.0%) and pig faeces (11.1%) from integrated ponds, and from fish mucus (40.0%) and fish intestine (40.0%) from non-integrated ponds. S. Weltevreden (76.5%) was by far the most common serovar showing limited antimicrobial resistance. One pig faeces sample contained S. Typhimurium whereas feed samples were found free of Salmonella spp.. DNA fingerprinting by the PFGE method showed a clonal relationship of S. Weltevreden which was supported by similar antimicrobial resistance patterns (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim resistance) as well as most isolates harbouring a 147-kb sized plasmid. The common finding of S. Weltevreden in both tilapia production systems indicates that this serovar may have a different ecology and increased survival in aquaculture environments in comparison with other Salmonella serovars. Further in vivo studies of the ecology of S. Weltevreden in aquaculture environments are needed. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Nonintegrable Schrodinger discrete breathers.

PubMed

Gómez-Gardeñes, J; Floría, L M; Peyrard, M; Bishop, A R

2004-12-01

In an extensive numerical investigation of nonintegrable translational motion of discrete breathers in nonlinear Schrödinger lattices, we have used a regularized Newton algorithm to continue these solutions from the limit of the integrable Ablowitz-Ladik lattice. These solutions are shown to be a superposition of a localized moving core and an excited extended state (background) to which the localized moving pulse is spatially asymptotic. The background is a linear combination of small amplitude nonlinear resonant plane waves and it plays an essential role in the energy balance governing the translational motion of the localized core. Perturbative collective variable theory predictions are critically analyzed in the light of the numerical results.

Real-time dynamics of typical and untypical states in nonintegrable systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Richter, Jonas; Jin, Fengping; De Raedt, Hans; Michielsen, Kristel; Gemmer, Jochen; Steinigeweg, Robin

2018-05-01

Understanding (i) the emergence of diffusion from truly microscopic principles continues to be a major challenge in experimental and theoretical physics. At the same time, isolated quantum many-body systems have experienced an upsurge of interest in recent years. Since in such systems the realization of a proper initial state is the only possibility to induce a nonequilibrium process, understanding (ii) the largely unexplored role of the specific realization is vitally important. Our work reports a substantial step forward and tackles the two issues (i) and (ii) in the context of typicality, entanglement as well as integrability and nonintegrability. Specifically, we consider the spin-1/2 XXZ chain, where integrability can be broken due to an additional next-nearest neighbor interaction, and study the real-time and real-space dynamics of nonequilibrium magnetization profiles for a class of pure states. Summarizing our main results, we show that signatures of diffusion for strong interactions are equally pronounced for the integrable and nonintegrable case. In both cases, we further find a clear difference between the dynamics of states with and without internal randomness. We provide an explanation of this difference by a detailed analysis of the local density of states.

The physics of symbols: bridging the epistemic cut.

PubMed

Pattee, H H

2001-01-01

Evolution requires the genotype-phenotype distinction, a primeval epistemic cut that separates energy-degenerate, rate-independent genetic symbols from the rate-dependent dynamics of construction that they control. This symbol-matter or subject-object distinction occurs at all higher levels where symbols are related to a referent by an arbitrary code. The converse of control is measurement in which a rate-dependent dynamical state is coded into quiescent symbols. Non-integrable constraints are one necessary condition for bridging the epistemic cut by measurement, control, and coding. Additional properties of heteropolymer constraints are necessary for biological evolution.

Two-parameter partially correlated ground-state electron density of some light spherical atoms from Hartree-Fock theory with nonintegral nuclear charge

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cordero, Nicolas A.; March, Norman H.; Alonso, Julio A.

2007-05-15

Partially correlated ground-state electron densities for some spherical light atoms are calculated, into which nonrelativistic ionization potentials represent essential input data. The nuclear cusp condition of Kato is satisfied precisely. The basic theoretical starting point, however, is Hartree-Fock (HF) theory for the N electrons under consideration but with nonintegral nuclear charge Z{sup '} slightly different from the atomic number Z (=N). This HF density is scaled with a parameter {lambda}, near to unity, to preserve normalization. Finally, some tests are performed on the densities for the atoms Ne and Ar, as well as for Be and Mg.

Matrix-valued Boltzmann equation for the nonintegrable Hubbard chain.

PubMed

Fürst, Martin L R; Mendl, Christian B; Spohn, Herbert

2013-07-01

The standard Fermi-Hubbard chain becomes nonintegrable by adding to the nearest neighbor hopping additional longer range hopping amplitudes. We assume that the quartic interaction is weak and investigate numerically the dynamics of the chain on the level of the Boltzmann type kinetic equation. Only the spatially homogeneous case is considered. We observe that the huge degeneracy of stationary states in the case of nearest neighbor hopping is lost and the convergence to the thermal Fermi-Dirac distribution is restored. The convergence to equilibrium is exponentially fast. However for small next-nearest neighbor hopping amplitudes one has a rapid relaxation towards the manifold of quasistationary states and slow relaxation to the final equilibrium state.

Many-Particle Dephasing after a Quench

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kiendl, Thomas; Marquardt, Florian

2017-03-01

After a quench in a quantum many-body system, expectation values tend to relax towards long-time averages. However, temporal fluctuations remain in the long-time limit, and it is crucial to study the suppression of these fluctuations with increasing system size. The particularly important case of nonintegrable models has been addressed so far only by numerics and conjectures based on analytical bounds. In this work, we are able to derive analytical predictions for the temporal fluctuations in a nonintegrable model (the transverse Ising chain with extra terms). Our results are based on identifying a dynamical regime of "many-particle dephasing," where quasiparticles do not yet relax but fluctuations are nonetheless suppressed exponentially by weak integrability breaking.

Many-Particle Dephasing after a Quench.

PubMed

Kiendl, Thomas; Marquardt, Florian

2017-03-31

After a quench in a quantum many-body system, expectation values tend to relax towards long-time averages. However, temporal fluctuations remain in the long-time limit, and it is crucial to study the suppression of these fluctuations with increasing system size. The particularly important case of nonintegrable models has been addressed so far only by numerics and conjectures based on analytical bounds. In this work, we are able to derive analytical predictions for the temporal fluctuations in a nonintegrable model (the transverse Ising chain with extra terms). Our results are based on identifying a dynamical regime of "many-particle dephasing," where quasiparticles do not yet relax but fluctuations are nonetheless suppressed exponentially by weak integrability breaking.

Poincaré-Treshchev Mechanism in Multi-scale, Nearly Integrable Hamiltonian Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Lu; Li, Yong; Yi, Yingfei

2018-02-01

This paper is a continuation to our work (Xu et al. in Ann Henri Poincaré 18(1):53-83, 2017) concerning the persistence of lower-dimensional tori on resonant surfaces of a multi-scale, nearly integrable Hamiltonian system. This type of systems, being properly degenerate, arise naturally in planar and spatial lunar problems of celestial mechanics for which the persistence problem ties closely to the stability of the systems. For such a system, under certain non-degenerate conditions of Rüssmann type, the majority persistence of non-resonant tori and the existence of a nearly full measure set of Poincaré non-degenerate, lower-dimensional, quasi-periodic invariant tori on a resonant surface corresponding to the highest order of scale is proved in Han et al. (Ann Henri Poincaré 10(8):1419-1436, 2010) and Xu et al. (2017), respectively. In this work, we consider a resonant surface corresponding to any intermediate order of scale and show the existence of a nearly full measure set of Poincaré non-degenerate, lower-dimensional, quasi-periodic invariant tori on the resonant surface. The proof is based on a normal form reduction which consists of a finite step of KAM iterations in pushing the non-integrable perturbation to a sufficiently high order and the splitting of resonant tori on the resonant surface according to the Poincaré-Treshchev mechanism.

Changes in Self-Representations Following Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy for Young Adults: A Comparative Typology.

PubMed

Werbart, Andrzej; Brusell, Lars; Iggedal, Rebecka; Lavfors, Kristin; Widholm, Alexander

2016-10-01

Changes in dynamic psychological structures are often a treatment goal in psychotherapy. The present study aimed at creating a typology of self-representations among young women and men in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, to study longitudinal changes in self-representations, and to compare self-representations in the clinical sample with those of a nonclinical group. Twenty-five women and sixteen men were interviewed according to Blatt's Object Relations Inventory pretreatment, at termination, and at a 1.5-year follow-up. In the comparison group, eleven women and nine men were interviewed at baseline, 1.5 years, and three years later. Typologies of the 123 self-descriptions in the clinical group and 60 in the nonclinical group were constructed by means of ideal-type analysis for men and women separately. Clusters of self-representations could be depicted on a two-dimensional matrix with the axes Relatedness-Self-definition and Integration-Nonintegration. In most cases, the self-descriptions changed over time in terms of belonging to different ideal-type clusters. In the clinical group, there was a movement toward increased integration in self-representations, but above all toward a better balance between relatedness and self-definition. The changes continued after termination, paralleled by reduced symptoms, improved functioning, and higher developmental levels of representations. No corresponding tendency could be observed in the nonclinical group.

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Frozen Buffy Coats using Non-integrating Episomal Plasmids.

PubMed

Meraviglia, Viviana; Zanon, Alessandra; Lavdas, Alexandros A; Schwienbacher, Christine; Silipigni, Rosamaria; Di Segni, Marina; Chen, Huei-Sheng Vincent; Pramstaller, Peter P; Hicks, Andrew A; Rossini, Alessandra

2015-06-05

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by forcing the expression of four transcription factors (Oct-4, Sox-2, Klf-4, and c-Myc), typically expressed by human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Due to their similarity with hESCs, iPSCs have become an important tool for potential patient-specific regenerative medicine, avoiding ethical issues associated with hESCs. In order to obtain cells suitable for clinical application, transgene-free iPSCs need to be generated to avoid transgene reactivation, altered gene expression and misguided differentiation. Moreover, a highly efficient and inexpensive reprogramming method is necessary to derive sufficient iPSCs for therapeutic purposes. Given this need, an efficient non-integrating episomal plasmid approach is the preferable choice for iPSC derivation. Currently the most common cell type used for reprogramming purposes are fibroblasts, the isolation of which requires tissue biopsy, an invasive surgical procedure for the patient. Therefore, human peripheral blood represents the most accessible and least invasive tissue for iPSC generation. In this study, a cost-effective and viral-free protocol using non-integrating episomal plasmids is reported for the generation of iPSCs from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) obtained from frozen buffy coats after whole blood centrifugation and without density gradient separation.

Growth Factor-Activated Stem Cell Circuits and Stromal Signals Cooperatively Accelerate Non-Integrated iPSC Reprogramming of Human Myeloid Progenitors

PubMed Central

Park, Tea Soon; Huo, Jeffrey S.; Peters, Ann; Talbot, C. Conover; Verma, Karan; Zimmerlin, Ludovic; Kaplan, Ian M.; Zambidis, Elias T.

2012-01-01

Nonviral conversion of skin or blood cells into clinically useful human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) occurs in only rare fractions (∼0.001%–0.5%) of donor cells transfected with non-integrating reprogramming factors. Pluripotency induction of developmentally immature stem-progenitors is generally more efficient than differentiated somatic cell targets. However, the nature of augmented progenitor reprogramming remains obscure, and its potential has not been fully explored for improving the extremely slow pace of non-integrated reprogramming. Here, we report highly optimized four-factor reprogramming of lineage-committed cord blood (CB) myeloid progenitors with bulk efficiencies of ∼50% in purified episome-expressing cells. Lineage-committed CD33+CD45+CD34− myeloid cells and not primitive hematopoietic stem-progenitors were the main targets of a rapid and nearly complete non-integrated reprogramming. The efficient conversion of mature myeloid populations into NANOG+TRA-1-81+ hiPSC was mediated by synergies between hematopoietic growth factor (GF), stromal activation signals, and episomal Yamanaka factor expression. Using a modular bioinformatics approach, we demonstrated that efficient myeloid reprogramming correlated not to increased proliferation or endogenous Core factor expressions, but to poised expression of GF-activated transcriptional circuits that commonly regulate plasticity in both hematopoietic progenitors and embryonic stem cells (ESC). Factor-driven conversion of myeloid progenitors to a high-fidelity pluripotent state was further accelerated by soluble and contact-dependent stromal signals that included an implied and unexpected role for Toll receptor-NFκB signaling. These data provide a paradigm for understanding the augmented reprogramming capacity of somatic progenitors, and reveal that efficient induced pluripotency in other cell types may also require extrinsic activation of a molecular framework that commonly regulates self-renewal and differentiation in both hematopoietic progenitors and ESC. PMID:22905176

Positive-entropy Hamiltonian systems on Nilmanifolds via scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Butler, Leo T.

2014-10-01

Let Σ be a compact quotient of T4, the Lie group of 4 × 4 upper triangular matrices with unity along the diagonal. The Lie algebra {\\mathfrak t}4 of T4 has the standard basis {Xij} of matrices with 0 everywhere but in the (i, j) entry, which is unity. Let g be the Carnot metric, a sub-Riemannian metric, on T4 for which Xi, i+1, (i = 1, 2, 3), is an orthonormal basis. Montgomery, Shapiro and Stolin showed that the geodesic flow of g is algebraically non-integrable. This paper proves that the geodesic flow of that Carnot metric on TΣ has positive topological entropy and its Euler field is real-analytically non-integrable. It extends earlier work by Butler and Gelfreich.

Canonical Drude Weight for Non-integrable Quantum Spin Chains

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mastropietro, Vieri; Porta, Marcello

2018-03-01

The Drude weight is a central quantity for the transport properties of quantum spin chains. The canonical definition of Drude weight is directly related to Kubo formula of conductivity. However, the difficulty in the evaluation of such expression has led to several alternative formulations, accessible to different methods. In particular, the Euclidean, or imaginary-time, Drude weight can be studied via rigorous renormalization group. As a result, in the past years several universality results have been proven for such quantity at zero temperature; remarkably, the proofs work for both integrable and non-integrable quantum spin chains. Here we establish the equivalence of Euclidean and canonical Drude weights at zero temperature. Our proof is based on rigorous renormalization group methods, Ward identities, and complex analytic ideas.

Linearization instability for generic gravity in AdS spacetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Altas, Emel; Tekin, Bayram

2018-01-01

In general relativity, perturbation theory about a background solution fails if the background spacetime has a Killing symmetry and a compact spacelike Cauchy surface. This failure, dubbed as linearization instability, shows itself as non-integrability of the perturbative infinitesimal deformation to a finite deformation of the background. Namely, the linearized field equations have spurious solutions which cannot be obtained from the linearization of exact solutions. In practice, one can show the failure of the linear perturbation theory by showing that a certain quadratic (integral) constraint on the linearized solutions is not satisfied. For non-compact Cauchy surfaces, the situation is different and for example, Minkowski space having a non-compact Cauchy surface, is linearization stable. Here we study, the linearization instability in generic metric theories of gravity where Einstein's theory is modified with additional curvature terms. We show that, unlike the case of general relativity, for modified theories even in the non-compact Cauchy surface cases, there are some theories which show linearization instability about their anti-de Sitter backgrounds. Recent D dimensional critical and three dimensional chiral gravity theories are two such examples. This observation sheds light on the paradoxical behavior of vanishing conserved charges (mass, angular momenta) for non-vacuum solutions, such as black holes, in these theories.

Relationship between students' understandings of nature of science and instructional context

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khishfe, Rola Fouad

The study investigated and compared two different instructional approaches (integrated and nonintegrated), which address the explicit teaching of nature of science (NOS), in relation to improving students' understanding of NOS. Participants were three teachers and their students---a total of 129---which comprised six groups of 89 ninth and 40 10th/11th graders. Each teacher taught two intact sections of the same grade level within a specific science discipline (environmental science, chemistry, or biology). The treatment for all groups spanned five to six weeks and involved teaching a unit, which included both the regular science content and NOS. Participants in each of the two intact classes were taught by the same teacher about their regular science content, with the difference being the context in which NOS was explicitly taught (integrated or nonintegrated). In the integrated group, NOS instruction was related to the science content addressed in the unit. In the nonintegrated group, NOS was taught through a set of generic (non content-embedded) activities that specifically addressed NOS aspects and were "interspersed" across the science content addressed in the unit. An open-ended questionnaire, in conjunction with semi-structured interviews, was used to assess participants' views prior to and following instruction. Data analysis involved a systematic process consistent with analytic induction. Results showed general improvements in participants' views of NOS regardless of whether or not NOS was integrated within the regular science content. The results of this study do not support the appealing assumption held by many science educators that integrating NOS within the context of the science content would better enhance the learning of NOS. However, the results suggest the possibility of an interaction between the type of change (naive to transitional, transitional to informed, naive to informed, no changes, regression) in students' views and the explicit instructional approach (integrated or nonintegrated) to teach NOS. Moreover, the findings suggest the transferability of NOS understandings among various contexts, with the consequence that learning NOS might not be context-dependent. Implications for the teaching and learning of NOS are discussed.

Integrated versus nOn-integrated Peripheral inTravenous catheter. Which Is the most effective systeM for peripheral intravenoUs catheter Management? (The OPTIMUM study): a randomised controlled trial protocol

PubMed Central

Castillo, Maria Isabel; Larsen, Emily; Cooke, Marie; Marsh, Nicole M; Wallis, Marianne C; Finucane, Julie; Brown, Peter; Mihala, Gabor; Byrnes, Joshua; Walker, Rachel; Cable, Prudence; Zhang, Li; Sear, Candi; Jackson, Gavin; Rowsome, Anna; Ryan, Alison; Humphries, Julie C; Sivyer, Susan; Flanigan, Kathy; Rickard, Claire M

2018-01-01

Introduction Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are frequently used in hospitals. However, PIVC complications are common, with failures leading to treatment delays, additional procedures, patient pain and discomfort, increased clinician workload and substantially increased healthcare costs. Recent evidence suggests integrated PIVC systems may be more effective than traditional non-integrated PIVC systems in reducing phlebitis, infiltration and costs and increasing functional dwell time. The study aim is to determine the efficacy, cost–utility and acceptability to patients and professionals of an integrated PIVC system compared with a non-integrated PIVC system. Methods and analysis Two-arm, multicentre, randomised controlled superiority trial of integrated versus non-integrated PIVC systems to compare effectiveness on clinical and economic outcomes. Recruitment of 1560 patients over 2 years, with randomisation by a centralised service ensuring allocation concealment. Primary outcomes: catheter failure (composite endpoint) for reasons of: occlusion, infiltration/extravasation, phlebitis/thrombophlebitis, dislodgement, localised or catheter-associated bloodstream infections. Secondary outcomes: first time insertion success, types of PIVC failure, device colonisation, insertion pain, functional dwell time, adverse events, mortality, cost–utility and consumer acceptability. One PIVC per patient will be included, with intention-to-treat analysis. Baseline group comparisons will be made for potentially clinically important confounders. The proportional hazards assumption will be checked, and Cox regression will test the effect of group, patient, device and clinical variables on failure. An as-treated analysis will assess the effect of protocol violations. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with log-rank tests will compare failure by group over time. Secondary endpoints will be compared between groups using parametric/non-parametric techniques. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval from the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/16/QRBW/527), Griffith University Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref No. 2017/002) and the South Metropolitan Health Services Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref No. 2016–239). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number ACTRN12617000089336. PMID:29764876

Integrated versus nOn-integrated Peripheral inTravenous catheter. Which Is the most effective systeM for peripheral intravenoUs catheter Management? (The OPTIMUM study): a randomised controlled trial protocol.

PubMed

Castillo, Maria Isabel; Larsen, Emily; Cooke, Marie; Marsh, Nicole M; Wallis, Marianne C; Finucane, Julie; Brown, Peter; Mihala, Gabor; Carr, Peter J; Byrnes, Joshua; Walker, Rachel; Cable, Prudence; Zhang, Li; Sear, Candi; Jackson, Gavin; Rowsome, Anna; Ryan, Alison; Humphries, Julie C; Sivyer, Susan; Flanigan, Kathy; Rickard, Claire M

2018-05-14

Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are frequently used in hospitals. However, PIVC complications are common, with failures leading to treatment delays, additional procedures, patient pain and discomfort, increased clinician workload and substantially increased healthcare costs. Recent evidence suggests integrated PIVC systems may be more effective than traditional non-integrated PIVC systems in reducing phlebitis, infiltration and costs and increasing functional dwell time. The study aim is to determine the efficacy, cost-utility and acceptability to patients and professionals of an integrated PIVC system compared with a non-integrated PIVC system. Two-arm, multicentre, randomised controlled superiority trial of integrated versus non-integrated PIVC systems to compare effectiveness on clinical and economic outcomes. Recruitment of 1560 patients over 2 years, with randomisation by a centralised service ensuring allocation concealment. Primary outcomes: catheter failure (composite endpoint) for reasons of: occlusion, infiltration/extravasation, phlebitis/thrombophlebitis, dislodgement, localised or catheter-associated bloodstream infections. first time insertion success, types of PIVC failure, device colonisation, insertion pain, functional dwell time, adverse events, mortality, cost-utility and consumer acceptability. One PIVC per patient will be included, with intention-to-treat analysis. Baseline group comparisons will be made for potentially clinically important confounders. The proportional hazards assumption will be checked, and Cox regression will test the effect of group, patient, device and clinical variables on failure. An as-treated analysis will assess the effect of protocol violations. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with log-rank tests will compare failure by group over time. Secondary endpoints will be compared between groups using parametric/non-parametric techniques. Ethical approval from the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/16/QRBW/527), Griffith University Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref No. 2017/002) and the South Metropolitan Health Services Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref No. 2016-239). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals. ACTRN12617000089336. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Refraction of dispersive shock waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El, G. A.; Khodorovskii, V. V.; Leszczyszyn, A. M.

2012-09-01

We study a dispersive counterpart of the classical gas dynamics problem of the interaction of a shock wave with a counter-propagating simple rarefaction wave, often referred to as the shock wave refraction. The refraction of a one-dimensional dispersive shock wave (DSW) due to its head-on collision with the centred rarefaction wave (RW) is considered in the framework of the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. For the integrable cubic nonlinearity case we present a full asymptotic description of the DSW refraction by constructing appropriate exact solutions of the Whitham modulation equations in Riemann invariants. For the NLS equation with saturable nonlinearity, whose modulation system does not possess Riemann invariants, we take advantage of the recently developed method for the DSW description in non-integrable dispersive systems to obtain main physical parameters of the DSW refraction. The key features of the DSW-RW interaction predicted by our modulation theory analysis are confirmed by direct numerical solutions of the full dispersive problem.

Generic dynamical features of quenched interacting quantum systems: Survival probability, density imbalance, and out-of-time-ordered correlator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Torres-Herrera, E. J.; García-García, Antonio M.; Santos, Lea F.

2018-02-01

We study numerically and analytically the quench dynamics of isolated many-body quantum systems. Using full random matrices from the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble, we obtain analytical expressions for the evolution of the survival probability, density imbalance, and out-of-time-ordered correlator. They are compared with numerical results for a one-dimensional-disordered model with two-body interactions and shown to bound the decay rate of this realistic system. Power-law decays are seen at intermediate times, and dips below the infinite time averages (correlation holes) occur at long times for all three quantities when the system exhibits level repulsion. The fact that these features are shared by both the random matrix and the realistic disordered model indicates that they are generic to nonintegrable interacting quantum systems out of equilibrium. Assisted by the random matrix analytical results, we propose expressions that describe extremely well the dynamics of the realistic chaotic system at different time scales.

40 CFR 430.127 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.127 Pretreatment standards for... effluent limitations. Subpart L [PSNS for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are...

40 CFR 430.127 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.127 Pretreatment standards for... effluent limitations. Subpart L [PSNS for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are...

40 CFR 430.127 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.127 Pretreatment standards for... effluent limitations. Subpart L [PSNS for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are...

Equilibrium dynamical correlations in the Toda chain and other integrable models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kundu, Aritra; Dhar, Abhishek

2016-12-01

We investigate the form of equilibrium spatiotemporal correlation functions of conserved quantities in the Toda lattice and in other integrable models. From numerical simulations we find that the correlations satisfy ballistic scaling with a remarkable collapse of data from different times. We examine special limiting choices of parameter values, for which the Toda lattice tends to either the harmonic chain or the equal mass hard-particle gas. In both these limiting cases, one can obtain the correlations exactly and we find excellent agreement with the direct Toda simulation results. We also discuss a transformation to "normal mode" variables, as commonly done in hydrodynamic theory of nonintegrable systems, and find that this is useful, to some extent, even for the integrable system. The striking differences between the Toda chain and a truncated version, expected to be nonintegrable, are pointed out.

Equilibrium dynamical correlations in the Toda chain and other integrable models.

PubMed

Kundu, Aritra; Dhar, Abhishek

2016-12-01

We investigate the form of equilibrium spatiotemporal correlation functions of conserved quantities in the Toda lattice and in other integrable models. From numerical simulations we find that the correlations satisfy ballistic scaling with a remarkable collapse of data from different times. We examine special limiting choices of parameter values, for which the Toda lattice tends to either the harmonic chain or the equal mass hard-particle gas. In both these limiting cases, one can obtain the correlations exactly and we find excellent agreement with the direct Toda simulation results. We also discuss a transformation to "normal mode" variables, as commonly done in hydrodynamic theory of nonintegrable systems, and find that this is useful, to some extent, even for the integrable system. The striking differences between the Toda chain and a truncated version, expected to be nonintegrable, are pointed out.

Non-integrable dynamics of matter-wave solitons in a density-dependent gauge theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dingwall, R. J.; Edmonds, M. J.; Helm, J. L.; Malomed, B. A.; Öhberg, P.

2018-04-01

We study interactions between bright matter-wave solitons which acquire chiral transport dynamics due to an optically-induced density-dependent gauge potential. Through numerical simulations, we find that the collision dynamics feature several non-integrable phenomena, from inelastic collisions including population transfer and radiation losses to the formation of short-lived bound states and soliton fission. An effective quasi-particle model for the interaction between the solitons is derived by means of a variational approximation, which demonstrates that the inelastic nature of the collision arises from a coupling of the gauge field to velocities of the solitons. In addition, we derive a set of interaction potentials which show that the influence of the gauge field appears as a short-range potential, that can give rise to both attractive and repulsive interactions.

Safety analytics for integrating crash frequency and real-time risk modeling for expressways.

PubMed

Wang, Ling; Abdel-Aty, Mohamed; Lee, Jaeyoung

2017-07-01

To find crash contributing factors, there have been numerous crash frequency and real-time safety studies, but such studies have been conducted independently. Until this point, no researcher has simultaneously analyzed crash frequency and real-time crash risk to test whether integrating them could better explain crash occurrence. Therefore, this study aims at integrating crash frequency and real-time safety analyses using expressway data. A Bayesian integrated model and a non-integrated model were built: the integrated model linked the crash frequency and the real-time models by adding the logarithm of the estimated expected crash frequency in the real-time model; the non-integrated model independently estimated the crash frequency and the real-time crash risk. The results showed that the integrated model outperformed the non-integrated model, as it provided much better model results for both the crash frequency and the real-time models. This result indicated that the added component, the logarithm of the expected crash frequency, successfully linked and provided useful information to the two models. This study uncovered few variables that are not typically included in the crash frequency analysis. For example, the average daily standard deviation of speed, which was aggregated based on speed at 1-min intervals, had a positive effect on crash frequency. In conclusion, this study suggested a methodology to improve the crash frequency and real-time models by integrating them, and it might inspire future researchers to understand crash mechanisms better. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

40 CFR 430.127 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS THE PULP, PAPER, AND PAPERBOARD POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non.... Subpart L [PSNS for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from purchased...

40 CFR 430.126 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.126 Pretreatment... limitations. Subpart L [PSES for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from...

40 CFR 430.126 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.126 Pretreatment... limitations. Subpart L [PSES for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from...

40 CFR 430.127 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS THE PULP, PAPER, AND PAPERBOARD POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non.... Subpart L [PSNS for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from purchased...

40 CFR 430.126 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.126 Pretreatment... limitations. Subpart L [PSES for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from...

PRN 98-1: Self-Certification of Product Chemistry Data with Attachments

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Office of Pesticide Programs has established a self-certification program for certain product chemistry data of manufacturing-use products and end-use products produced by a non-integrated formulation system.

Time, Dynamics and Chaos: Integrating Poincare's 'Non-Integrable Systems'

DOE R&D Accomplishments Database

Prigogine, I.

1990-10-01

This report discusses the nature of time. The author attempts to resolve the conflict between the concept of time reversibility in classical and quantum mechanics with the macroscopic world's irreversibility of time. (LSP)

40 CFR 430.00 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... semi-chemical mills using an ammonia base or a sodium base (Ba). G Mechanical Pulp Pulp and paper at... nonintegrated mills (Za). a This subpart is contained in the 40 CFR parts 425 through 699, edition revised as of...

40 CFR 430.00 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... semi-chemical mills using an ammonia base or a sodium base (Ba). G Mechanical Pulp Pulp and paper at... nonintegrated mills (Za). a This subpart is contained in the 40 CFR parts 425 through 699, edition revised as of...

Effects of ambient temperature changes on integral bridges.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-09-01

Integral bridges (IBs) are jointless bridges whereby the deck is continuous and monolithic with abutment walls. IBs are outperforming their non-integral counterparts in economy and safety. Their principal advantages are derived from the absence of ex...

Universality in volume-law entanglement of scrambled pure quantum states.

PubMed

Nakagawa, Yuya O; Watanabe, Masataka; Fujita, Hiroyuki; Sugiura, Sho

2018-04-24

A pure quantum state can fully describe thermal equilibrium as long as one focuses on local observables. The thermodynamic entropy can also be recovered as the entanglement entropy of small subsystems. When the size of the subsystem increases, however, quantum correlations break the correspondence and mandate a correction to this simple volume law. The elucidation of the size dependence of the entanglement entropy is thus essentially important in linking quantum physics with thermodynamics. Here we derive an analytic formula of the entanglement entropy for a class of pure states called cTPQ states representing equilibrium. We numerically find that our formula applies universally to any sufficiently scrambled pure state representing thermal equilibrium, i.e., energy eigenstates of non-integrable models and states after quantum quenches. Our formula is exploited as diagnostics for chaotic systems; it can distinguish integrable models from non-integrable models and many-body localization phases from chaotic phases.

Scrambling of quantum information in quantum many-body systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iyoda, Eiki; Sagawa, Takahiro

2018-04-01

We systematically investigate scrambling (or delocalizing) processes of quantum information encoded in quantum many-body systems by using numerical exact diagonalization. As a measure of scrambling, we adopt the tripartite mutual information (TMI) that becomes negative when quantum information is delocalized. We clarify that scrambling is an independent property of the integrability of Hamiltonians; TMI can be negative or positive for both integrable and nonintegrable systems. This implies that scrambling is a separate concept from conventional quantum chaos characterized by nonintegrability. Specifically, we argue that there are a few exceptional initial states that do not exhibit scrambling, and show that such exceptional initial states have small effective dimensions. Furthermore, we calculate TMI in the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model, a fermionic toy model of quantum gravity. We find that disorder does not make scrambling slower but makes it smoother in the SYK model, in contrast to many-body localization in spin chains.

40 CFR 430.125 - New source performance standards (NSPS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS THE PULP, PAPER, AND PAPERBOARD POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and... of 5.0 to 9.0 at all times. Subpart L [NSPS for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven...

40 CFR 430.124 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.124 Effluent limitations... for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from purchased pulp] Pollutant...

40 CFR 430.125 - New source performance standards (NSPS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS THE PULP, PAPER, AND PAPERBOARD POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and... of 5.0 to 9.0 at all times. Subpart L [NSPS for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven...

40 CFR 430.122 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.122 Effluent limitations... times. Subpart L [BPT effluent limitations for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers...

40 CFR 430.124 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.124 Effluent... effluent limitations for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from purchased...

40 CFR 430.124 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.124 Effluent limitations... for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from purchased pulp] Pollutant...

40 CFR 430.122 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.122 Effluent limitations... times. Subpart L [BPT effluent limitations for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers...

40 CFR 430.124 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.124 Effluent... effluent limitations for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from purchased...

40 CFR 430.124 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.124 Effluent... effluent limitations for non-integrated mills where filter and non-woven papers are produced from purchased...

40 CFR 430.122 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.122 Effluent... 9.0 at all times. Subpart L [BPT effluent limitations for non-integrated mills where filter and non...

40 CFR 430.122 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.122 Effluent... 9.0 at all times. Subpart L [BPT effluent limitations for non-integrated mills where filter and non...

40 CFR 430.122 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... CATEGORY Tissue, Filter, Non-Woven, and Paperboard From Purchased Pulp Subcategory § 430.122 Effluent... 9.0 at all times. Subpart L [BPT effluent limitations for non-integrated mills where filter and non...

Scrambling and thermalization in a diffusive quantum many-body system

DOE PAGES

Bohrdt, A.; Mendl, C. B.; Endres, M.; ...

2017-06-02

Out-of-time ordered (OTO) correlation functions describe scrambling of information in correlated quantum matter. They are of particular interest in incoherent quantum systems lacking well defined quasi-particles. Thus far, it is largely elusive how OTO correlators spread in incoherent systems with diffusive transport governed by a few globally conserved quantities. Here, we study the dynamical response of such a system using high-performance matrix-product-operator techniques. Specifically, we consider the non-integrable, one-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model in the incoherent high-temperature regime. Our system exhibits diffusive dynamics in time-ordered correlators of globally conserved quantities, whereas OTO correlators display a ballistic, light-cone spreading of quantum information. Themore » slowest process in the global thermalization of the system is thus diffusive, yet information spreading is not inhibited by such slow dynamics. We furthermore develop an experimentally feasible protocol to overcome some challenges faced by existing proposals and to probe time-ordered and OTO correlation functions. As a result, our study opens new avenues for both the theoretical and experimental exploration of thermalization and information scrambling dynamics.« less

Scrambling and thermalization in a diffusive quantum many-body system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bohrdt, A.; Mendl, C. B.; Endres, M.

Out-of-time ordered (OTO) correlation functions describe scrambling of information in correlated quantum matter. They are of particular interest in incoherent quantum systems lacking well defined quasi-particles. Thus far, it is largely elusive how OTO correlators spread in incoherent systems with diffusive transport governed by a few globally conserved quantities. Here, we study the dynamical response of such a system using high-performance matrix-product-operator techniques. Specifically, we consider the non-integrable, one-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model in the incoherent high-temperature regime. Our system exhibits diffusive dynamics in time-ordered correlators of globally conserved quantities, whereas OTO correlators display a ballistic, light-cone spreading of quantum information. Themore » slowest process in the global thermalization of the system is thus diffusive, yet information spreading is not inhibited by such slow dynamics. We furthermore develop an experimentally feasible protocol to overcome some challenges faced by existing proposals and to probe time-ordered and OTO correlation functions. As a result, our study opens new avenues for both the theoretical and experimental exploration of thermalization and information scrambling dynamics.« less

A fish-like robot: Mechanics of swimming due to constraints

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tallapragada, Phanindra; Malla, Rijan

2014-11-01

It is well known that due to reasons of symmetry, a body with one degree of actuation cannot swim in an ideal fluid. However certain velocity constraints arising in fluid-body interactions, such as the Kutta condition classically applied at the trailing cusp of a Joukowski hydrofoil break this symmetry through vortex shedding. Thus Joukowski foils that vary shape periodically can be shown to be able to swim through vortex shedding. In general it can be shown that vortex shedding due to the Kutta condition is equivalent to nonintegrable constraints arising in the mechanics of finite-dimensional mechanical systems. This equivalence allows hydrodynamic problems involving vortex shedding, especially those pertaining to swimming and related phenomena to be framed in the context of geometric mechanics on manifolds. This formal equivalence also allows the design of bio inspired robots that swim not due to shape change but due to internal moving masses and rotors. Such robots lacking articulated joints are easy to design, build and control. We present such a fish-like robot that swims due to the rotation of internal rotors.

Integration of immigrants into a new culture is related to poor sleep quality.

PubMed

Voss, Ursula; Tuin, Inka

2008-08-10

This article reports on the relationship between cultural influences on life style, coping style, and sleep in a sample of female Portuguese immigrants living in Germany. Sleep quality is known to be poorer in women than in men, yet little is known about mediating psychological and sociological variables such as stress and coping with stressful life circumstances. Migration constitutes a particularly difficult life circumstance for women if it involves differing role conceptions in the country of origin and the emigrant country. The study investigated sleep quality, coping styles and level of integration in a sample of Portuguese (N = 48) and Moroccan (N = 64) immigrant women who took part in a structured personal interview. Sleep quality was poor in 54% of Portuguese and 39% of Moroccan women, which strongly exceeds reports of sleep complaints in epidemiologic studies of sleep quality in German women. Reports of poor sleep were associated with the degree of adoption of a German life style. Women who had integrated more into German society slept worse than less integrated women in both samples, suggesting that non-integration serves a protective function. An unusually large proportion of women preferred an information-seeking (monitoring) coping style and adaptive coping. Poor sleep was related to high monitoring in the Portuguese but not the Moroccan sample. Sleep quality appears to be severely affected in women with a migration background. Our data suggest that non-integration may be less stressful than integration. This result points to possible benefits of non-integration. The high preference for an information-seeking coping style may be related to the process of migration, representing the attempt at regaining control over an uncontrollable and stressful life situation.

Integration of immigrants into a new culture is related to poor sleep quality

PubMed Central

Voss, Ursula; Tuin, Inka

2008-01-01

Background This article reports on the relationship between cultural influences on life style, coping style, and sleep in a sample of female Portuguese immigrants living in Germany. Sleep quality is known to be poorer in women than in men, yet little is known about mediating psychological and sociological variables such as stress and coping with stressful life circumstances. Migration constitutes a particularly difficult life circumstance for women if it involves differing role conceptions in the country of origin and the emigrant country. Methods The study investigated sleep quality, coping styles and level of integration in a sample of Portuguese (N = 48) and Moroccan (N = 64) immigrant women who took part in a structured personal interview. Results Sleep quality was poor in 54% of Portuguese and 39% of Moroccan women, which strongly exceeds reports of sleep complaints in epidemiologic studies of sleep quality in German women. Reports of poor sleep were associated with the degree of adoption of a German life style. Women who had integrated more into German society slept worse than less integrated women in both samples, suggesting that non-integration serves a protective function. An unusually large proportion of women preferred an information-seeking (monitoring) coping style and adaptive coping. Poor sleep was related to high monitoring in the Portuguese but not the Moroccan sample. Conclusion Sleep quality appears to be severely affected in women with a migration background. Our data suggest that non-integration may be less stressful than integration. This result points to possible benefits of non-integration. The high preference for an information-seeking coping style may be related to the process of migration, representing the attempt at regaining control over an uncontrollable and stressful life situation. PMID:18691437

40 CFR 430.115 - New source performance standards (NSPS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...-containing biocides are used shall be subject to pentachlorophenol and trichlorophenol limitations. Permittees not using chlorophenolic-containing biocides must certify to the permit-issuing authority that they are not using these biocides: Subpart K [NSPS for non-integrated mills where fine paper is...

Fluorescent tagged episomals for stoichiometric induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming.

PubMed

Schmitt, Christopher E; Morales, Blanca M; Schmitz, Ellen M H; Hawkins, John S; Lizama, Carlos O; Zape, Joan P; Hsiao, Edward C; Zovein, Ann C

2017-06-05

Non-integrating episomal vectors have become an important tool for induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming. The episomal vectors carrying the "Yamanaka reprogramming factors" (Oct4, Klf, Sox2, and L-Myc + Lin28) are critical tools for non-integrating reprogramming of cells to a pluripotent state. However, the reprogramming process remains highly stochastic, and is hampered by an inability to easily identify clones that carry the episomal vectors. We modified the original set of vectors to express spectrally separable fluorescent proteins to allow for enrichment of transfected cells. The vectors were then tested against the standard original vectors for reprogramming efficiency and for the ability to enrich for stoichiometric ratios of factors. The reengineered vectors allow for cell sorting based on reprogramming factor expression. We show that these vectors can assist in tracking episomal expression in individual cells and can select the reprogramming factor dosage. Together, these modified vectors are a useful tool for understanding the reprogramming process and improving induced pluripotent stem cell isolation efficiency.

Minichromosome assembly of non-integrated plasmid DNA transfected into mammalian cells.

PubMed Central

Reeves, R; Gorman, C M; Howard, B

1985-01-01

The nucleoprotein structures formed on various plasmid expression vectors transfected into mammalian cells by both the calcium phosphate and DEAE-dextran methods have been studied. We demonstrate by a variety of means that mammalian cells are capable of rapidly assembling non-integrated circular plasmids (both replicating and non-replicating) into typical "minichromosomes" containing nucleosomes with a 190 bp repetitive spacing. Treatment of recipient cells with sodium butyrate for a short period of time (12-16 h) immediately following transfection markedly increased the DNase I digestion sensitivity of the newly assembled plasmid chromatin. Furthermore, minichromosomes isolated from such butyrate-treated cells are depleted in histone H1 and contain highly acetylated forms of histone H4. These findings are entirely consistent with our earlier speculation (Gorman et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 11, 1044; 1983) that appropriate butyrate treatment might stimulate transient expression of newly transfected genes by facilitating their assembly into an "active" type of chromatin structure. Images PMID:3859838

Section sigma models coupled to symplectic duality bundles on Lorentzian four-manifolds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lazaroiu, C. I.; Shahbazi, C. S.

2018-06-01

We give the global mathematical formulation of a class of generalized four-dimensional theories of gravity coupled to scalar matter and to Abelian gauge fields. In such theories, the scalar fields are described by a section of a surjective pseudo-Riemannian submersion π over space-time, whose total space carries a Lorentzian metric making the fibers into totally-geodesic connected Riemannian submanifolds. In particular, π is a fiber bundle endowed with a complete Ehresmann connection whose transport acts through isometries between the fibers. In turn, the Abelian gauge fields are "twisted" by a flat symplectic vector bundle defined over the total space of π. This vector bundle is endowed with a vertical taming which locally encodes the gauge couplings and theta angles of the theory and gives rise to the notion of twisted self-duality, of crucial importance to construct the theory. When the Ehresmann connection of π is integrable, we show that our theories are locally equivalent to ordinary Einstein-Scalar-Maxwell theories and hence provide a global non-trivial extension of the universal bosonic sector of four-dimensional supergravity. In this case, we show using a special trivializing atlas of π that global solutions of such models can be interpreted as classical "locally-geometric" U-folds. In the non-integrable case, our theories differ locally from ordinary Einstein-Scalar-Maxwell theories and may provide a geometric description of classical U-folds which are "locally non-geometric".

40 CFR 86.1844-01 - Information requirements: Application for certification and submittal of information upon request.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

.... (10) For vehicles with non-integrated refueling emission control systems, a description of the... of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF... Control of Air Pollution From New and In-Use Light-Duty Vehicles, Light-Duty Trucks, and Complete Otto...

40 CFR 86.1844-01 - Information requirements: Application for certification and submittal of information upon request.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

.... (10) For vehicles with non-integrated refueling emission control systems, a description of the... of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF... Control of Air Pollution From New and In-Use Light-Duty Vehicles, Light-Duty Trucks, and Complete Otto...

40 CFR 86.1821-01 - Evaporative/refueling family determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., construction and materials. (3) Fuel system. (4) Type of refueling emission control system—non-integrated or integrated with the evaporative control system. Further, if the system is non-integrated, whether or not any... equivalent component durability over the vehicle's useful life; and (3) Evidence that the groups will result...

40 CFR 86.1821-01 - Evaporative/refueling family determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., construction and materials. (3) Fuel system. (4) Type of refueling emission control system—non-integrated or integrated with the evaporative control system. Further, if the system is non-integrated, whether or not any... equivalent component durability over the vehicle's useful life; and (3) Evidence that the groups will result...

40 CFR 86.1844-01 - Information requirements: Application for certification and submittal of information upon request.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... (10) For vehicles with non-integrated refueling emission control systems, a description of the... of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF... Control of Air Pollution From New and In-Use Light-Duty Vehicles, Light-Duty Trucks, and Complete Otto...

40 CFR 86.1821-01 - Evaporative/refueling family determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., construction and materials. (3) Fuel system. (4) Type of refueling emission control system—non-integrated or integrated with the evaporative control system. Further, if the system is non-integrated, whether or not any... equivalent component durability over the vehicle's useful life; and (3) Evidence that the groups will result...

40 CFR 86.1821-01 - Evaporative/refueling family determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., construction and materials. (3) Fuel system. (4) Type of refueling emission control system—non-integrated or integrated with the evaporative control system. Further, if the system is non-integrated, whether or not any... equivalent component durability over the vehicle's useful life; and (3) Evidence that the groups will result...

40 CFR 86.1844-01 - Information requirements: Application for certification and submittal of information upon request.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... (10) For vehicles with non-integrated refueling emission control systems, a description of the... of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF... Control of Air Pollution From New and In-Use Light-Duty Vehicles, Light-Duty Trucks, and Complete Otto...

Sharing mutants and experimental information prepublication using FgMutantDB

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

There has been no central location for storing generated mutants of Fusarium graminearum or for data associated with these mutants. Instead researchers relied on several independent, non-integrated databases. FgMutantDB was designed as a simple spreadsheet that is accessible globally on the web th...

Discipline-Based Art Education in Secondary Classrooms.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Day, Michael D.

1987-01-01

Describes two studies of art instruction offered to secondary school students which integrated art production with critical and historical learning and provided some comparisons with non-integrated approaches. Provides observations of high school art programs that included art history and criticism as part of the integrated art curriculum. (AEM)

78 FR 73589 - Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial and Industrial Electric...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-06

... Class Groups and Equipment Classes a. Electric Motor Design Letter b. Fire Pump Electric Motors c. Brake... [Compliance starting December 19, 2015] Electric motor Horsepower Pole Equipment class group design type... Conservation Standards for NEMA Design C Electric Motors (Excluding Non-Integral Brake Electric Motors and...

Teaching Nature of Science within a Controversial Topic: Integrated versus Nonintegrated

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Khishfe, Rola; Lederman, Norman

2006-01-01

This study investigated the influence of two different explicit instructional approaches in promoting more informed understandings of nature of science (NOS) among students. Participants, a total of 42 students, comprised two groups in two intact sections of ninth grade. Participants in the two groups were taught environmental science by their…

Telomerase-mediated life-span extension of human primary fibroblasts by human artificial chromosome (HAC) vector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shitara, Shingo; Kakeda, Minoru; Nagata, Keiko

2008-05-09

Telomerase-mediated life-span extension enables the expansion of normal cells without malignant transformation, and thus has been thought to be useful in cell therapies. Currently, integrating vectors including the retrovirus are used for human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)-mediated expansion of normal cells; however, the use of these vectors potentially causes unexpected insertional mutagenesis and/or activation of oncogenes. Here, we established normal human fibroblast (hPF) clones retaining non-integrating human artificial chromosome (HAC) vectors harboring the hTERT expression cassette. In hTERT-HAC/hPF clones, we observed the telomerase activity and the suppression of senescent-associated SA-{beta}-galactosidase activity. Furthermore, the hTERT-HAC/hPF clones continued growing beyond 120 daysmore » after cloning, whereas the hPF clones retaining the silent hTERT-HAC senesced within 70 days. Thus, hTERT-HAC-mediated episomal expression of hTERT allows the extension of the life-span of human primary cells, implying that gene delivery by non-integrating HAC vectors can be used to control cellular proliferative capacity of primary cultured cells.« less

Optical fringe-reflection deflectometry with sparse representation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiao, Yong-Liang; Li, Sikun; Zhang, Qican; Zhong, Jianxin; Su, Xianyu; You, Zhisheng

2018-05-01

Optical fringe-reflection deflectometry is a surprisingly attractive scratch detection technique for specular surfaces owing to its unparalleled local sensibility. Full-field surface topography is obtained from a measured normal field using gradient integration. However, there may not be an ideal measured gradient field for deflectometry reconstruction in practice. Both the non-integrability condition and various kinds of image noise distributions, which are present in the indirect measured gradient field, may lead to ambiguity about the scratches on specular surfaces. In order to reduce misjudgment of scratches, sparse representation is introduced into the Southwell curl equation for deflectometry. The curl can be represented as a linear combination of the given redundant dictionary for curl and the sparsest solution for gradient refinement. The non-integrability condition and noise permutation can be overcome with sparse representation for gradient refinement. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the accuracy rate of judgment of scratches can be enhanced with sparse representation compared to the standard least-squares integration. Preliminary experiments are performed with the application of practical measured deflectometric data to verify the validity of the algorithm.

Emergence of integrated urology-radiation oncology practices in the State of Texas.

PubMed

Jhaveri, Pavan M; Sun, Zhuyi; Ballas, Leslie; Followill, David S; Hoffman, Karen E; Jiang, Jing; Smith, Benjamin D

2012-09-01

Integrated urology-radiation oncology (RO) practices have been advocated as a means to improve community-based prostate cancer care by joining urologic and radiation care in a single-practice environment. However, little is known regarding the scope and actual physical integration of such practices. We sought to characterize the emergence of such practices in Texas, their extent of physical integration, and their potential effect on patient travel times for radiation therapy. A telephone survey identified integrated urology-RO practices, defined as practices owned by urologists that offer RO services. Geographic information software was used to determine the proximity of integrated urology-RO clinic sites with respect to the state's population. We calculated patient travel time and distance from each integrated urology-RO clinic offering urologic services to the RO treatment facility owned by the integrated practice and to the nearest nonintegrated (independent) RO facility. We compared these times and distances using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. Of 229 urology practices identified, 12 (5%) offered integrated RO services, and 182 (28%) of 640 Texas urologists worked in such practices. Approximately 53% of the state population resides within 10 miles of an integrated urology-RO clinic site. Patients with a diagnosis of prostate cancer at an integrated urology-RO clinic site travel a mean of 19.7 miles (26.1 min) from the clinic to reach the RO facility owned by the integrated urology-RO practice vs 5.9 miles (9.2 min) to reach the nearest nonintegrated RO facility (P<.001). Integrated urology-RO practices are common in Texas and are generally clustered in urban areas. In most integrated practices, the urology clinics and the integrated RO facilities are not at the same location, and driving times and distances from the clinic to the integrated RO facility exceed those from the clinic to the nearest nonintegrated RO facility. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Emergence of Integrated Urology-Radiation Oncology Practices in the State of Texas

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jhaveri, Pavan M.; Sun Zhuyi; Ballas, Leslie

2012-09-01

Purpose: Integrated urology-radiation oncology (RO) practices have been advocated as a means to improve community-based prostate cancer care by joining urologic and radiation care in a single-practice environment. However, little is known regarding the scope and actual physical integration of such practices. We sought to characterize the emergence of such practices in Texas, their extent of physical integration, and their potential effect on patient travel times for radiation therapy. Methods and Materials: A telephone survey identified integrated urology-RO practices, defined as practices owned by urologists that offer RO services. Geographic information software was used to determine the proximity of integratedmore » urology-RO clinic sites with respect to the state's population. We calculated patient travel time and distance from each integrated urology-RO clinic offering urologic services to the RO treatment facility owned by the integrated practice and to the nearest nonintegrated (independent) RO facility. We compared these times and distances using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. Results: Of 229 urology practices identified, 12 (5%) offered integrated RO services, and 182 (28%) of 640 Texas urologists worked in such practices. Approximately 53% of the state population resides within 10 miles of an integrated urology-RO clinic site. Patients with a diagnosis of prostate cancer at an integrated urology-RO clinic site travel a mean of 19.7 miles (26.1 min) from the clinic to reach the RO facility owned by the integrated urology-RO practice vs 5.9 miles (9.2 min) to reach the nearest nonintegrated RO facility (P<.001). Conclusions: Integrated urology-RO practices are common in Texas and are generally clustered in urban areas. In most integrated practices, the urology clinics and the integrated RO facilities are not at the same location, and driving times and distances from the clinic to the integrated RO facility exceed those from the clinic to the nearest nonintegrated RO facility.« less

Extraction of conformal data in critical quantum spin chains using the Koo-Saleur formula

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Milsted, Ashley; Vidal, Guifre

2017-12-01

We study the emergence of two-dimensional conformal symmetry in critical quantum spin chains on the finite circle. Our goal is to characterize the conformal field theory (CFT) describing the universality class of the corresponding quantum phase transition. As a means to this end, we propose and demonstrate automated procedures which, using only the lattice Hamiltonian H =∑jhj as an input, systematically identify the low-energy eigenstates corresponding to Virasoro primary and quasiprimary operators, and assign the remaining low-energy eigenstates to conformal towers. The energies and momenta of the primary operator states are needed to determine the primary operator scaling dimensions and conformal spins, an essential part of the conformal data that specifies the CFT. Our techniques use the action, on the low-energy eigenstates of H , of the Fourier modes Hn of the Hamiltonian density hj. The Hn were introduced as lattice representations of the Virasoro generators by Koo and Saleur [Nucl. Phys. B 426, 459 (1994), 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90018-3]. In this paper, we demonstrate that these operators can be used to extract conformal data in a nonintegrable quantum spin chain.

How to assign a (3 + 1)-dimensional superspace group to an incommensurately modulated biological macromolecular crystal

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

Periodic crystal diffraction is described using a three-dimensional (3D) unit cell and 3D space-group symmetry. Incommensurately modulated crystals are a subset of aperiodic crystals that need four to six dimensions to describe the observed diffraction pattern, and they have characteristic satellite reflections that are offset from the main reflections. These satellites have a non-integral relationship to the primary lattice and require q vectors for processing. Incommensurately modulated biological macromolecular crystals have been frequently observed but so far have not been solved. The authors of this article have been spearheading an initiative to determine this type of crystal structure. The first step toward structure solution is to collect the diffraction data making sure that the satellite reflections are well separated from the main reflections. Once collected they can be integrated and then scaled with appropriate software. Then the assignment of the superspace group is needed. The most common form of modulation is in only one extra direction and can be described with a (3 + 1)D superspace group. The (3 + 1)D superspace groups for chemical crystallographers are fully described in Volume C of International Tables for Crystallography. This text includes all types of crystallographic symmetry elements found in small-molecule crystals and can be difficult for structural biologists to understand and apply to their crystals. This article provides an explanation for structural biologists that includes only the subset of biological symmetry elements and demonstrates the application to a real-life example of an incommensurately modulated protein crystal. PMID:28808437

Localization and Poincaré catastrophe in the problem of a photon scattering on a pair of Rayleigh particles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maksimenko, V. V.; Zagaynov, V. A.; Agranovski, I. E.

2013-11-01

It is shown that complexities in a problem of elastic scattering of a photon on a pair of Rayleigh particles (two small metallic spheres) are similar to the complexities of the classic problem of three bodies in celestial mechanics. In the latter problem, as is well known, the phase trajectory of a system becomes a nonanalytical function of its variables. In our problem, the trajectory of a virtual photon at some frequency could be considered such as the well-known Antoine set (Antoine's necklace) or a chain with interlaced sections having zero topological dimension and fractal structure. Such a virtual “zero-dimensional” photon could be localized between the particles of the pair. The topology suppresses the photon's exit to the real world with dimensional equal-to-or-greater-than units. The physical reason for this type of photon localization is related to the “mechanical rigidity” of interlaced sections of the photon trajectory due to a singularity of energy density along these sections. Within the approximations used in this paper, the effect is possible if the frequency of the incident radiation is equal to double the frequency of the dipole surface plasmon in an isolated particle, which is the only character frequency in the problem. This condition and transformation of the photon trajectory to the zero-dimensional Antoine set reminds of some of the simplest variants of Poincaré's catastrophe in the dynamics of some nonintegrable systems. The influence of the localization on elastic light scattering by the pair is investigated.

Dualism-Based Design of the Introductory Chinese MOOC "Kit de contact en langue chinoise"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang-Szilas, Jue; Bellassen, Joël

2017-01-01

This article reviews the existing Chinese language Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and points out three problems in their design: the monism-based teaching method, the non-integration of cultural elements, and the lack of learner-learner interactions. It then presents the design principles of the Introductory Chinese MOOC in an attempt to…

The Differential Effects of Fiction and Nonfiction Literature: Increasing Acceptance of Children with Disabilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sipsas-Herrmann, Athanasia; And Others

A bibliotherapy intervention was used to foster acceptance of children with disabilities by their nondisabled peers. The study involved 247 regular students in fourth, fifth, and sixth grade non-integrated classrooms at one elementary school. Treatment students read either fiction or nonfiction literature, followed by discussion of the material.…

Counts, serovars, and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes of Salmonella on raw chicken meat at retail in Colombia.

PubMed

Donado-Godoy, Pilar; Clavijo, Viviana; León, Maribel; Arevalo, Alejandra; Castellanos, Ricardo; Bernal, Johan; Tafur, Mc Allister; Ovalle, Maria Victoria; Alali, Walid Q; Hume, Michael; Romero-Zuñiga, Juan Jose; Walls, Isabel; Doyle, Michael P

2014-02-01

The objective of this study was to determine Salmonella counts, serovars, and antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes on retail raw chicken carcasses in Colombia. A total of 301 chicken carcasses were collected from six departments (one city per department) in Colombia. Samples were analyzed for Salmonella counts using the most-probable-number method as recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety Inspection Service protocol. A total of 378 isolates (268 from our previous study) were serotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The overall Salmonella count (mean log most probable number per carcass ± 95% confidence interval) and prevalence were 2.1 (2.0 to 2.3) and 37%, respectively. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) by Salmonella levels (i.e., counts and prevalence) by storage temperature (i.e., frozen, chilled, or ambient), retail store type (wet markets, supermarkets, and independent markets), and poultry company (chicken produced by integrated or nonintegrated company). Frozen chicken had the lowest Salmonella levels compared with chicken stored at other temperatures, chickens from wet markets had higher levels than those from other retail store types, and chicken produced by integrated companies had lower levels than nonintegrated companies. Thirty-one Salmonella serovars were identified among 378 isolates, with Salmonella Paratyphi B tartrate-positive (i.e., Salmonella Paratyphi B dT+) the most prevalent (44.7%), followed by Heidelberg (19%), Enteritidis (17.7%), Typhimurium (5.3%), and Anatum (2.1%). Of all the Salmonella isolates, 35.2% were resistant to 1 to 5 antimicrobial agents, 24.6% to 6 to 10, and 33.9% to 11 to 15. Among all the serovars obtained, Salmonella Paratyphi B dT+ and Salmonella Heidelberg were the most antimicrobial resistant. Salmonella prevalence was determined to be high, whereas cell numbers were relatively low. These data can be used in developing risk assessment models for preventing the transmission of Salmonella from chicken to humans in Colombia.

(How) do we learn from errors? A prospective study of the link between the ward's learning practices and medication administration errors.

PubMed

Drach-Zahavy, A; Somech, A; Admi, H; Peterfreund, I; Peker, H; Priente, O

2014-03-01

Attention in the ward should shift from preventing medication administration errors to managing them. Nevertheless, little is known in regard with the practices nursing wards apply to learn from medication administration errors as a means of limiting them. To test the effectiveness of four types of learning practices, namely, non-integrated, integrated, supervisory and patchy learning practices in limiting medication administration errors. Data were collected from a convenient sample of 4 hospitals in Israel by multiple methods (observations and self-report questionnaires) at two time points. The sample included 76 wards (360 nurses). Medication administration error was defined as any deviation from prescribed medication processes and measured by a validated structured observation sheet. Wards' use of medication administration technologies, location of the medication station, and workload were observed; learning practices and demographics were measured by validated questionnaires. Results of the mixed linear model analysis indicated that the use of technology and quiet location of the medication cabinet were significantly associated with reduced medication administration errors (estimate=.03, p<.05 and estimate=-.17, p<.01 correspondingly), while workload was significantly linked to inflated medication administration errors (estimate=.04, p<.05). Of the learning practices, supervisory learning was the only practice significantly linked to reduced medication administration errors (estimate=-.04, p<.05). Integrated and patchy learning were significantly linked to higher levels of medication administration errors (estimate=-.03, p<.05 and estimate=-.04, p<.01 correspondingly). Non-integrated learning was not associated with it (p>.05). How wards manage errors might have implications for medication administration errors beyond the effects of typical individual, organizational and technology risk factors. Head nurse can facilitate learning from errors by "management by walking around" and monitoring nurses' medication administration behaviors. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Practical Integration-Free Episomal Methods for Generating Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

PubMed

Kime, Cody; Rand, Tim A; Ivey, Kathryn N; Srivastava, Deepak; Yamanaka, Shinya; Tomoda, Kiichiro

2015-10-06

The advent of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology has revolutionized biomedicine and basic research by yielding cells with embryonic stem (ES) cell-like properties. The use of iPS-derived cells for cell-based therapies and modeling of human disease holds great potential. While the initial description of iPS cells involved overexpression of four transcription factors via viral vectors that integrated within genomic DNA, advances in recent years by our group and others have led to safer and higher quality iPS cells with greater efficiency. Here, we describe commonly practiced methods for non-integrating induced pluripotent stem cell generation using nucleofection of episomal reprogramming plasmids. These methods are adapted from recent studies that demonstrate increased hiPS cell reprogramming efficacy with the application of three powerful episomal hiPS cell reprogramming factor vectors and the inclusion of an accessory vector expressing EBNA1. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Differential Galois theory and non-integrability of planar polynomial vector fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Acosta-Humánez, Primitivo B.; Lázaro, J. Tomás; Morales-Ruiz, Juan J.; Pantazi, Chara

2018-06-01

We study a necessary condition for the integrability of the polynomials vector fields in the plane by means of the differential Galois Theory. More concretely, by means of the variational equations around a particular solution it is obtained a necessary condition for the existence of a rational first integral. The method is systematic starting with the first order variational equation. We illustrate this result with several families of examples. A key point is to check whether a suitable primitive is elementary or not. Using a theorem by Liouville, the problem is equivalent to the existence of a rational solution of a certain first order linear equation, the Risch equation. This is a classical problem studied by Risch in 1969, and the solution is given by the "Risch algorithm". In this way we point out the connection of the non integrability with some higher transcendent functions, like the error function.

A study in three-dimensional chaotic dynamics: Granular flow and transport in a bi-axial spherical tumbler

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Christov, Ivan C.; Lueptow, Richard M.; Ottino, Julio M.

We study three-dimensional (3D) chaotic dynamics through an analysis of transport in a granular flow in a half-full spherical tumbler rotated sequentially about two orthogonal axes (a bi-axial “blinking” tumbler). The flow is essentially quasi-two-dimensional in any vertical slice of the sphere during rotation about a single axis, and we provide an explicit exact solution to the model in this case. Hence, the cross-sectional flow can be represented by a twist map, allowing us to express the 3D flow as a linked twist map (LTM). We prove that if the rates of rotation about each axis are equal, then (inmore » the absence of stochasticity) particle trajectories are restricted to two-dimensional (2D) surfaces consisting of a portion of a hemispherical shell closed by a “cap''; if the rotation rates are unequal, then particles can leave the surface they start on and traverse a volume of the tumbler. The period-one structures of the governing LTM are examined in detail: analytical expressions are provided for the location of period-one curves, their extent into the bulk of the granular material, and their dependence on the protocol parameters (rates and durations of rotations). Exploiting the restriction of trajectories to 2D surfaces in the case of equal rotation rates about the axes, a method is proposed for identifying and constructing 3D Kolmogorov--Arnold--Moser (KAM) tubes around the normally elliptic period-one curves. The invariant manifold structure arising from the normally hyperbolic period-one curves is also examined. When the motion is restricted to 2D surfaces, the structure of manifolds of the hyperbolic points in the bulk differs from that corresponding to hyperbolic points in the flowing layer. Each is reminiscent of a template provided by a non-integrable perturbation to a Hamiltonian system, though the governing LTM is not. This highlights the novel 3D chaotic behaviors observed in this model dynamical system.« less

A study in three-dimensional chaotic dynamics: Granular flow and transport in a bi-axial spherical tumbler

DOE PAGES

Christov, Ivan C.; Lueptow, Richard M.; Ottino, Julio M.; ...

2014-05-22

We study three-dimensional (3D) chaotic dynamics through an analysis of transport in a granular flow in a half-full spherical tumbler rotated sequentially about two orthogonal axes (a bi-axial “blinking” tumbler). The flow is essentially quasi-two-dimensional in any vertical slice of the sphere during rotation about a single axis, and we provide an explicit exact solution to the model in this case. Hence, the cross-sectional flow can be represented by a twist map, allowing us to express the 3D flow as a linked twist map (LTM). We prove that if the rates of rotation about each axis are equal, then (inmore » the absence of stochasticity) particle trajectories are restricted to two-dimensional (2D) surfaces consisting of a portion of a hemispherical shell closed by a “cap''; if the rotation rates are unequal, then particles can leave the surface they start on and traverse a volume of the tumbler. The period-one structures of the governing LTM are examined in detail: analytical expressions are provided for the location of period-one curves, their extent into the bulk of the granular material, and their dependence on the protocol parameters (rates and durations of rotations). Exploiting the restriction of trajectories to 2D surfaces in the case of equal rotation rates about the axes, a method is proposed for identifying and constructing 3D Kolmogorov--Arnold--Moser (KAM) tubes around the normally elliptic period-one curves. The invariant manifold structure arising from the normally hyperbolic period-one curves is also examined. When the motion is restricted to 2D surfaces, the structure of manifolds of the hyperbolic points in the bulk differs from that corresponding to hyperbolic points in the flowing layer. Each is reminiscent of a template provided by a non-integrable perturbation to a Hamiltonian system, though the governing LTM is not. This highlights the novel 3D chaotic behaviors observed in this model dynamical system.« less

Linking Science and Language Arts: A Review of the Literature Which Compares Integrated versus Non-Integrated Approaches

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bradbury, Leslie U.

2014-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature published during the last 20 years that investigates the impact of approaches that describe themselves as integrating science and language arts on student learning and/or attitude at the elementary level. The majority of papers report that integrated approaches led to greater student…

The dynamical behaviour of our planetary system. Proceedings. 4th Alexander von Humboldt Colloquium on Celestial Mechanics, Ramsau (Austria), 17 - 23 Mar 1996.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dvorak, R.; Henrard, J.

1996-03-01

The following topics were dealt with: celestial mechanics, dynamical astronomy, planetary systems, resonance scattering, Hamiltonian mechanics non-integrability, irregular periodic orbits, escape, dynamical system mapping, fast Fourier method, precession-nutation, Nekhoroshev theorem, asteroid dynamics, the Trojan problem, planet-crossing orbits, Kirkwood gaps, future research, human comprehension limitations.

Respiratory Protection Performance: Impact of Helmet Integration

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

ECBC-TR-1418 RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PERFORMANCE: IMPACT OF HELMET INTEGRATION Daniel J. Barker Corey M. Grove RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY...REPORT TYPE Final 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) Sep 2015 – Mar 2016 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Respiratory Protection Performance: Impact of Helmet...integrated helmet respirator on respiratory protection effectiveness as compared with a helmet and respirator worn in a traditional nonintegrated

Kowalevski's analysis of the swinging Atwood's machine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Babelon, O.; Talon, M.; Capdequi Peyranère, M.

2010-02-01

We study the Kowalevski expansions near singularities of the swinging Atwood's machine. We show that there is an infinite number of mass ratios M/m where such expansions exist with the maximal number of arbitrary constants. These expansions are of the so-called weak Painlevé type. However, in view of these expansions, it is not possible to distinguish between integrable and nonintegrable cases.

An Atypical Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Line With a Complex, Stable, and Balanced Genomic Rearrangement Including a Large De Novo 1q Uniparental Disomy

PubMed Central

Steichen, Clara; Maluenda, Jérôme; Tosca, Lucie; Luce, Eléanor; Pineau, Dominique; Dianat, Noushin; Hannoun, Zara; Tachdjian, Gérard; Melki, Judith

2015-01-01

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) hold great promise for cell therapy through their use as vital tools for regenerative and personalized medicine. However, the genomic integrity of hiPSCs still raises some concern and is one of the barriers limiting their use in clinical applications. Numerous articles have reported the occurrence of aneuploidies, copy number variations, or single point mutations in hiPSCs, and nonintegrative reprogramming strategies have been developed to minimize the impact of the reprogramming process on the hiPSC genome. Here, we report the characterization of an hiPSC line generated by daily transfections of modified messenger RNAs, displaying several genomic abnormalities. Karyotype analysis showed a complex genomic rearrangement, which remained stable during long-term culture. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses were performed on the hiPSC line showing that this karyotype is balanced. Interestingly, single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis revealed the presence of a large 1q region of uniparental disomy (UPD), demonstrating for the first time that UPD can occur in a noncompensatory context during nonintegrative reprogramming of normal fibroblasts. PMID:25650439

Quantum solvability of a general ordered position dependent mass system: Mathews-Lakshmanan oscillator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karthiga, S.; Chithiika Ruby, V.; Senthilvelan, M.; Lakshmanan, M.

2017-10-01

In position dependent mass (PDM) problems, the quantum dynamics of the associated systems have been understood well in the literature for particular orderings. However, no efforts seem to have been made to solve such PDM problems for general orderings to obtain a global picture. In this connection, we here consider the general ordered quantum Hamiltonian of an interesting position dependent mass problem, namely, the Mathews-Lakshmanan oscillator, and try to solve the quantum problem for all possible orderings including Hermitian and non-Hermitian ones. The other interesting point in our study is that for all possible orderings, although the Schrödinger equation of this Mathews-Lakshmanan oscillator is uniquely reduced to the associated Legendre differential equation, their eigenfunctions cannot be represented in terms of the associated Legendre polynomials with integral degree and order. Rather the eigenfunctions are represented in terms of associated Legendre polynomials with non-integral degree and order. We here explore such polynomials and represent the discrete and continuum states of the system. We also exploit the connection between associated Legendre polynomials with non-integral degree with other orthogonal polynomials such as Jacobi and Gegenbauer polynomials.

Differential Flatness and Cooperative Tracking in the Lorenz System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crespo, Luis G.

2002-01-01

In this paper the control of the Lorenz system for both stabilization and tracking problems is studied via feedback linearization and differential flatness. By using the Rayleigh number as the control, only variable physically tunable, a barrier in the controllability of the system is incidentally imposed. This is reflected in the appearance of a singularity in the state transformation. Composite controllers that overcome this difficulty are designed and evaluated. The transition through the manifold defined by such a singularity is achieved by inducing a chaotic response within a boundary layer that contains it. Outside this region, a conventional feedback nonlinear control is applied. In this fashion, the authority of the control is enlarged to the whole. state space and the need for high control efforts is mitigated. In addition, the differential parametrization of the problem is used to track nonlinear functions of one state variable (single tracking) as well as several state variables (cooperative tracking). Control tasks that lead to integrable and non-integrable differential equations for the nominal flat output in steady-state are considered. In particular, a novel numerical strategy to deal with the non-integrable case is proposed. Numerical results validate very well the control design.

Cognitive-Emotional Conflict: Adversary Will and Social Resilience

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-21

are effective counters to these information flows, especially when poorly coordinated. The U.S. military and intelligence communities are starting...the Intelligence Community (IC) have exceptional technical cyber capabilities across the full range of OCO, DCO, and CNE as well as many of the non...integrated into the cybersecurity community than in many other countries, partnering through programs like “bugs for bounty” and hackathons. National

A classification of large amplitude oscillations of a spring-pendulum system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Broucke, R.

1977-01-01

We present a detailed classification of large amplitude oscillations of a non-integrable autonomous system with two degrees of freedom: the spring pendulum system. The classification is made with the method of invariant curves. The results show the importance of three types of motion: periodic, quasi-periodic and semi-ergodic. The numerical results are given for nine different values of the energy constant.

Exact periodic solutions of the sixth-order generalized Boussinesq equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamenov, O. Y.

2009-09-01

This paper examines a class of nonlinear sixth-order generalized Boussinesq-like equations (SGBE): utt = uxx + 3(u2)xx + uxxxx + αuxxxxxx, α in R, depending on the positive parameter α. Hirota's bilinear transformation method is applied to the above class of non-integrable equations and exact periodic solutions have been obtained. The results confirmed the well-known nonlinear superposition principle.

Generation of a human iPSC line from a patient with Leigh syndrome.

PubMed

Galera, Teresa; Zurita, Francisco; González-Páramos, Cristina; Moreno-Izquierdo, Ana; Fraga, Mario F; Fernández, Agustin F; Garesse, Rafael; Gallardo, M Esther

2016-01-01

Human iPSC line LND554SV.3 was generated from heteroplasmic fibroblasts of a patient with Leigh syndrome carrying a mutation in the MT-ND5 gene (m.13513GNA; p.D393N). Reprogramming factors Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4,and cMyc were delivered using a non-integrative methodology that involves the use of Sendai virus.

Thermalization near Integrability in a Dipolar Quantum Newton's Cradle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Yijun; Kao, Wil; Li, Kuan-Yu; Seo, Sangwon; Mallayya, Krishnanand; Rigol, Marcos; Gopalakrishnan, Sarang; Lev, Benjamin L.

2018-04-01

Isolated quantum many-body systems with integrable dynamics generically do not thermalize when taken far from equilibrium. As one perturbs such systems away from the integrable point, thermalization sets in, but the nature of the crossover from integrable to thermalizing behavior is an unresolved and actively discussed question. We explore this question by studying the dynamics of the momentum distribution function in a dipolar quantum Newton's cradle consisting of highly magnetic dysprosium atoms. This is accomplished by creating the first one-dimensional Bose gas with strong magnetic dipole-dipole interactions. These interactions provide tunability of both the strength of the integrability-breaking perturbation and the nature of the near-integrable dynamics. We provide the first experimental evidence that thermalization close to a strongly interacting integrable point occurs in two steps: prethermalization followed by near-exponential thermalization. Exact numerical calculations on a two-rung lattice model yield a similar two-timescale process, suggesting that this is generic in strongly interacting near-integrable models. Moreover, the measured thermalization rate is consistent with a parameter-free theoretical estimate, based on identifying the types of collisions that dominate thermalization. By providing tunability between regimes of integrable and nonintegrable dynamics, our work sheds light on the mechanisms by which isolated quantum many-body systems thermalize and on the temporal structure of the onset of thermalization.

Integrated versus non-integrated orbital implants for treating anophthalmic sockets.

PubMed

Schellini, Silvana; El Dib, Regina; Silva, Leandro Re; Farat, Joyce G; Zhang, Yuqing; Jorge, Eliane C

2016-11-07

Anophthalmia is the absence of one or both eyes, and it can be congenital (i.e. a birth defect) or acquired later in life. There are two main types of orbital implant: integrated, whereby the implant receives a blood supply from the body that allows for the integration of the prosthesis within the tissue; and non-integrated, where the implant remains separate. Despite the remarkable progress in anophthalmic socket reconstruction and in the development of various types of implants, there are still uncertainties about the real roles of integrated (hydroxyapatite (HA), porous polyethylene (PP), composites) and non-integrated (polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/acrylic and silicone) orbital implants in anophthalmic socket treatment. To assess the effects of integrated versus non-integrated orbital implants for treating anophthalmic sockets. We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register) (2016, Issue 7), Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily, Ovid OLDMEDLINE (January 1946 to August 2016), Embase (January 1980 to August 2016), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature Database (LILACS) (1982 to August 2016), the ISRCTN registry (www.isrctn.com/editAdvancedSearch), ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov), and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en). We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. We last searched the electronic databases on 8 August 2016. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs of integrated and non-integrated orbital implants for treating anophthalmic sockets. Two authors independently selected relevant trials, assessed methodological quality and extracted data. We included three studies with a total of 284 participants (250 included in analysis). The studies were conducted in India, Iran and the Netherlands. The three studies were clinically heterogenous, comparing different materials and using different surgical techniques. None of the included studies used a peg (i.e. a fixing pin used to connect the implant to the prosthesis). In general the trials were poorly reported, and we judged them to be at unclear risk of bias.One trial compared HA using traditional enucleation versus alloplastic implantation using evisceration (N = 100). This trial was probably not masked. The second trial compared PP with scleral cap enucleation versus PMMA with either myoconjunctival or traditional enucleation (N = 150). Although participants were not masked, outcome assessors were. The last trial compared HA and acrylic using the enucleation technique (N = 34) but did not report comparative effectiveness data.In the trial comparing HA versus alloplastic implantation, there was no evidence of any difference between the two groups with respect to the proportion of successful procedures at one year (risk ratio (RR) 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95 to 1.09, N = 100, low-certainty evidence). People receiving HA had slightly worse horizontal implant mobility compared to the alloplastic group (mean difference (MD) -3.35 mm, 95% CI -4.08 to -2.62, very low-certainty evidence) and slightly worse vertical implant motility (MD -2.76 mm, 95% CI -3.45 to -2.07, very low-certainty evidence). As different techniques were used - enucleation versus evisceration - it is not clear whether these differences in implant motility can be attributed solely to the type of material. Investigators did not report adverse events.In the trial comparing PP versus PMMA, there was no evidence of any difference between the two groups with respect to the proportion of successful procedures at one year (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.01, N = 150, low-certainty evidence). There was very low-certainty evidence of a difference in horizontal implant motility depending on whether PP was compared to PMMA with traditional enucleation (MD 1.96 mm, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.91) or PMMA with myoconjunctival enucleation (-0.57 mm, 95% CI -1.63 to 0.49). Similarly, for vertical implant motility, there was very low-certainty evidence of a difference in the comparison of PP to PMMA traditional (MD 3.12 mm 95% CI 2.36 to 3.88) but no evidence of a difference when comparing PP to PMMA myoconjunctival (MD -0.20 mm 95% CI -1.28 to 0.88). Four people in the PP group (total N = 50) experienced adverse events (i.e. exposures) compared to 6/100 in the PMMA groups (RR 17.82, 95% CI 0.98 to 324.67, N = 150, very low-certainty evidence).None of the studies reported socket sphere size, cosmetic effect or quality of life measures. Current very low-certainty evidence from three small published randomised controlled trials did not provide sufficient evidence to assess the effect of integrated and non-integrated material orbital implants for treating anophthalmic sockets. This review underlines the need to conduct further well-designed trials in this field.

Integrated programs for mothers with substance abuse issues and their children: a systematic review of studies reporting on child outcomes.

PubMed

Niccols, Alison; Milligan, Karen; Smith, Ainsley; Sword, Wendy; Thabane, Lehana; Henderson, Joanna

2012-04-01

Integrated treatment programs (those that include on-site pregnancy-, parenting-, or child-related services with addiction services) were developed to break the intergenerational cycle of addiction, potential child maltreatment, and poor outcomes for children. To examine the impact and effects of integrated programs for women with substance abuse issues and their children, we performed a systematic review of studies published from 1990 to 2011. Literature search strategies included online bibliographic database searches, checking printed sources, and requests to researchers. Studies were included if all participants were mothers with substance abuse problems at baseline; the treatment program included at least 1 specific substance use treatment and at least 1 parenting or child treatment service; the study design was randomized, quasi-experimental, or cohort; and there were quantitative data on child outcomes. We summarized data on child development, growth, and emotional and behavioral outcomes. Thirteen studies (2 randomized trials, 3 quasi-experimental studies, 8 cohort studies; N=775 children) were included in the review. Most studies using pre-post design indicated improvements in child development (with small to large effects, ds=0.007-1.132) and emotional and behavioral functioning (with most available effect sizes being large, ds=0.652-1.132). Comparison group studies revealed higher scores for infants of women in integrated programs than those not in treatment, with regard to development and most growth parameters (length, weight, and head circumference; with all available effect sizes being large, ds=1.16-2.48). In studies comparing integrated to non-integrated programs, most improvements in emotional and behavioral functioning favored integrated programs and, where available, most effect sizes indicated that this advantage was small (ds=0.22-0.45). Available evidence supports integrated programs, as findings suggest that they are associated with improvements in child development, growth, and emotional and behavioral functioning. More research is required comparing integrated to non-integrated programs. This review highlights the need for improved methodology, study quality, and reporting to improve our understanding of how best to meet the needs of children of women with substance abuse issues. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Analysis of Integrated and Nonintegrated Voice and Data Networks for DoD Communications.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-01

not. A study of this nature was completed In 1973 by jItman and Frank(31). Gitman and Frank evaluated switching strageties for integrated DOD voice and...miieaea from Figure 5. fhe voice digitization costs were deterained for 56Kbps using information from the Gitman (30) study. Switching costs were...technique. this agrees with the research accomplished by Gitman and Frank(30) which found voice and data integration was the best approach to take

Long-time predictions in nonlinear dynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Szebehely, V.

1980-01-01

It is known that nonintegrable dynamical systems do not allow precise predictions concerning their behavior for arbitrary long times. The available series solutions are not uniformly convergent according to Poincare's theorem and numerical integrations lose their meaningfulness after the elapse of arbitrary long times. Two approaches are the use of existing global integrals and statistical methods. This paper presents a generalized method along the first approach. As examples long-time predictions in the classical gravitational satellite and planetary problems are treated.

Dynamical singularities for complex initial conditions and the motion at a real separatrix.

PubMed

Shnerb, Tamar; Kay, K G

2006-04-01

This work investigates singularities occurring at finite real times in the classical dynamics of one-dimensional double-well systems with complex initial conditions. The objective is to understand the relationship between these singularities and the behavior of the systems for real initial conditions. An analytical treatment establishes that the dynamics of a quartic double well system possesses a doubly infinite sequence of singularities. These are associated with initial conditions that converge to those for the real separatrix as the singularity time becomes infinite. This confluence of singularities is shown to lead to the unstable behavior that characterizes the real motion at the separatrix. Numerical calculations confirm the existence of a large number of singularities converging to the separatrix for this and two additional double-well systems. The approach of singularities to the real axis is of particular interest since such behavior has been related to the formation of chaos in nonintegrable systems. The properties of the singular trajectories which cause this convergence to the separatrix are identified. The hyperbolic fixed point corresponding to the potential energy maximum, responsible for the characteristic motion at a separatrix, also plays a critical role in the formation of the complex singularities by delaying trajectories and then deflecting them into asymptotic regions of space from where they are directly repelled to infinity in a finite time.

Thermalization and revivals after a quantum quench in conformal field theory.

PubMed

Cardy, John

2014-06-06

We consider a quantum quench in a finite system of length L described by a 1+1-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT), of central charge c, from a state with finite energy density corresponding to an inverse temperature β≪L. For times t such that ℓ/2

Quantum dynamics in phase space: Moyal trajectories 2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Braunss, G.

2013-01-01

Continuing a previous paper [G. Braunss, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 43, 025302 (2010), 10.1088/1751-8113/43/2/025302] where we had calculated ℏ2-approximations of quantum phase space viz. Moyal trajectories of examples with one and two degrees of freedom, we present in this paper the calculation of ℏ2-approximations for four examples: a two-dimensional Toda chain, the radially symmetric Schwarzschild field, and two examples with three degrees of freedom, the latter being the nonrelativistic spherically Coulomb potential and the relativistic cylinder symmetrical Coulomb potential with a magnetic field H. We show in particular that an ℏ2-approximation of the nonrelativistic Coulomb field has no singularity at the origin (r = 0) whereas the classical trajectories are singular at r = 0. In the third example, we show in particular that for an arbitrary function γ(H, z) the expression β ≡ pz + γ(H, z) is classically (ℏ = 0) a constant of motion, whereas for ℏ ≠ 0 this holds only if γ(H, z) is an arbitrary polynomial of second order in z. This statement is shown to extend correspondingly to a cylinder symmetrical Schwarzschild field with a magnetic field. We exhibit in detail a number of properties of the radially symmetric Schwarzschild field. We exhibit finally the problems of the nonintegrable Hénon-Heiles Hamiltonian and give a short review of the regular Hilbert space representation of Moyal operators.

Helper-Dependent Adenoviral Vectors.

PubMed

Rosewell, Amanda; Vetrini, Francesco; Ng, Philip

2011-10-29

Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors are devoid of all viral coding sequences, possess a large cloning capacity, and can efficiently transduce a wide variety of cell types from various species independent of the cell cycle to mediate long-term transgene expression without chronic toxicity. These non-integrating vectors hold tremendous potential for a variety of gene transfer and gene therapy applications. Here, we review the production technologies, applications, obstacles to clinical translation and their potential resolutions, and the future challenges and unanswered questions regarding this promising gene transfer technology.

Helper-Dependent Adenoviral Vectors

PubMed Central

Rosewell, Amanda; Vetrini, Francesco; Ng, Philip

2012-01-01

Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors are devoid of all viral coding sequences, possess a large cloning capacity, and can efficiently transduce a wide variety of cell types from various species independent of the cell cycle to mediate long-term transgene expression without chronic toxicity. These non-integrating vectors hold tremendous potential for a variety of gene transfer and gene therapy applications. Here, we review the production technologies, applications, obstacles to clinical translation and their potential resolutions, and the future challenges and unanswered questions regarding this promising gene transfer technology. PMID:24533227

Update on the Swinging Atwood's Machine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tufillaro, Nicholas

2010-03-01

The Swinging Atwood's machine (SAM) is an Atwood's machine where one of the masses is allowed to swing in a plane. There are only a few integrable examples of mechanical systems, and we show that SAM is completely integrable when the mass ratio is three. We also present an overview of recent results that analyze the dynamics of SAM for other mass ratios using the Painleve analysis and Galois theory, which indicate that SAM is non-integrable for other values of mass ratios.

Higher-order gravity in higher dimensions: geometrical origins of four-dimensional cosmology?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Troisi, Antonio

2017-03-01

Determining the cosmological field equations is still very much debated and led to a wide discussion around different theoretical proposals. A suitable conceptual scheme could be represented by gravity models that naturally generalize Einstein theory like higher-order gravity theories and higher-dimensional ones. Both of these two different approaches allow one to define, at the effective level, Einstein field equations equipped with source-like energy-momentum tensors of geometrical origin. In this paper, the possibility is discussed to develop a five-dimensional fourth-order gravity model whose lower-dimensional reduction could provide an interpretation of cosmological four-dimensional matter-energy components. We describe the basic concepts of the model, the complete field equations formalism and the 5-D to 4-D reduction procedure. Five-dimensional f( R) field equations turn out to be equivalent, on the four-dimensional hypersurfaces orthogonal to the extra coordinate, to an Einstein-like cosmological model with three matter-energy tensors related with higher derivative and higher-dimensional counter-terms. By considering the gravity model with f(R)=f_0R^n the possibility is investigated to obtain five-dimensional power law solutions. The effective four-dimensional picture and the behaviour of the geometrically induced sources are finally outlined in correspondence to simple cases of such higher-dimensional solutions.

Generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells from burn patient-derived skin fibroblasts using a non-integrative method.

PubMed

Fu, Shangfeng; Ding, Jianwu; Liu, Dewu; Huang, Heping; Li, Min; Liu, Yang; Tu, Longxiang; Liu, Deming

2018-01-01

Patient specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been recognized as a possible source of cells for skin tissue engineering. They have the potential to greatly benefit patients with large areas of burned skin or skin defects. However, the integration virus-based reprogramming method is associated with a high risk of genetic mutation and mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder-cells may be a pollutant. In the present study, human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) were successfully harvested from patients with burns and patient-specific iPSCs were generated using a non-integration method with a feeder-free approach. The octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), sex-determining region Y box 2 (SOX2) and NANOG transcription factors were delivered using Sendai virus vectors. iPSCs exhibited representative human embryonic stem cell-like morphology and proliferation characteristics. They also expressed pluripotent markers, including OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, TRA181, stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 and TRA-160, and exhibited a normal karyotype. Teratoma and embryoid body formation revealed that iPSCs were able to differentiate into cells of all three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. The results of the present study demonstrate that HSFs derived from patients with burns, may be reprogrammed into stem cells with pluripotency, which provides a basis for cell‑based skin tissue engineering in the future.

Quantum properties of double kicked systems with classical translational invariance in momentum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dana, Itzhack

2015-01-01

Double kicked rotors (DKRs) appear to be the simplest nonintegrable Hamiltonian systems featuring classical translational symmetry in phase space (i.e., in angular momentum) for an infinite set of values (the rational ones) of a parameter η . The experimental realization of quantum DKRs by atom-optics methods motivates the study of the double kicked particle (DKP). The latter reduces, at any fixed value of the conserved quasimomentum β ℏ , to a generalized DKR, the "β -DKR ." We determine general quantum properties of β -DKRs and DKPs for arbitrary rational η . The quasienergy problem of β -DKRs is shown to be equivalent to the energy eigenvalue problem of a finite strip of coupled lattice chains. Exact connections are then obtained between quasienergy spectra of β -DKRs for all β in a generically infinite set. The general conditions of quantum resonance for β -DKRs are shown to be the simultaneous rationality of η ,β , and a scaled Planck constant ℏS. For rational ℏS and generic values of β , the quasienergy spectrum is found to have a staggered-ladder structure. Other spectral structures, resembling Hofstadter butterflies, are also found. Finally, we show the existence of particular DKP wave-packets whose quantum dynamics is free, i.e., the evolution frequencies of expectation values in these wave-packets are independent of the nonintegrability. All the results for rational ℏS exhibit unique number-theoretical features involving η ,ℏS, and β .

Learning mechanisms to limit medication administration errors.

PubMed

Drach-Zahavy, Anat; Pud, Dorit

2010-04-01

This paper is a report of a study conducted to identify and test the effectiveness of learning mechanisms applied by the nursing staff of hospital wards as a means of limiting medication administration errors. Since the influential report ;To Err Is Human', research has emphasized the role of team learning in reducing medication administration errors. Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanisms underlying team learning. Thirty-two hospital wards were randomly recruited. Data were collected during 2006 in Israel by a multi-method (observations, interviews and administrative data), multi-source (head nurses, bedside nurses) approach. Medication administration error was defined as any deviation from procedures, policies and/or best practices for medication administration, and was identified using semi-structured observations of nurses administering medication. Organizational learning was measured using semi-structured interviews with head nurses, and the previous year's reported medication administration errors were assessed using administrative data. The interview data revealed four learning mechanism patterns employed in an attempt to learn from medication administration errors: integrated, non-integrated, supervisory and patchy learning. Regression analysis results demonstrated that whereas the integrated pattern of learning mechanisms was associated with decreased errors, the non-integrated pattern was associated with increased errors. Supervisory and patchy learning mechanisms were not associated with errors. Superior learning mechanisms are those that represent the whole cycle of team learning, are enacted by nurses who administer medications to patients, and emphasize a system approach to data analysis instead of analysis of individual cases.

Higher (odd) dimensional quantum Hall effect and extended dimensional hierarchy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hasebe, Kazuki

2017-07-01

We demonstrate dimensional ladder of higher dimensional quantum Hall effects by exploiting quantum Hall effects on arbitrary odd dimensional spheres. Non-relativistic and relativistic Landau models are analyzed on S 2 k - 1 in the SO (2 k - 1) monopole background. The total sub-band degeneracy of the odd dimensional lowest Landau level is shown to be equal to the winding number from the base-manifold S 2 k - 1 to the one-dimension higher SO (2 k) gauge group. Based on the chiral Hopf maps, we clarify the underlying quantum Nambu geometry for odd dimensional quantum Hall effect and the resulting quantum geometry is naturally embedded also in one-dimension higher quantum geometry. An origin of such dimensional ladder connecting even and odd dimensional quantum Hall effects is illuminated from a viewpoint of the spectral flow of Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem in differential topology. We also present a BF topological field theory as an effective field theory in which membranes with different dimensions undergo non-trivial linking in odd dimensional space. Finally, an extended version of the dimensional hierarchy for higher dimensional quantum Hall liquids is proposed, and its relationship to quantum anomaly and D-brane physics is discussed.

Machine learning topological states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deng, Dong-Ling; Li, Xiaopeng; Das Sarma, S.

2017-11-01

Artificial neural networks and machine learning have now reached a new era after several decades of improvement where applications are to explode in many fields of science, industry, and technology. Here, we use artificial neural networks to study an intriguing phenomenon in quantum physics—the topological phases of matter. We find that certain topological states, either symmetry-protected or with intrinsic topological order, can be represented with classical artificial neural networks. This is demonstrated by using three concrete spin systems, the one-dimensional (1D) symmetry-protected topological cluster state and the 2D and 3D toric code states with intrinsic topological orders. For all three cases, we show rigorously that the topological ground states can be represented by short-range neural networks in an exact and efficient fashion—the required number of hidden neurons is as small as the number of physical spins and the number of parameters scales only linearly with the system size. For the 2D toric-code model, we find that the proposed short-range neural networks can describe the excited states with Abelian anyons and their nontrivial mutual statistics as well. In addition, by using reinforcement learning we show that neural networks are capable of finding the topological ground states of nonintegrable Hamiltonians with strong interactions and studying their topological phase transitions. Our results demonstrate explicitly the exceptional power of neural networks in describing topological quantum states, and at the same time provide valuable guidance to machine learning of topological phases in generic lattice models.

How accurately can the microcanonical ensemble describe small isolated quantum systems?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ikeda, Tatsuhiko N.; Ueda, Masahito

2015-08-01

We numerically investigate quantum quenches of a nonintegrable hard-core Bose-Hubbard model to test the accuracy of the microcanonical ensemble in small isolated quantum systems. We show that, in a certain range of system size, the accuracy increases with the dimension of the Hilbert space D as 1 /D . We ascribe this rapid improvement to the absence of correlations between many-body energy eigenstates. Outside of that range, the accuracy is found to scale either as 1 /√{D } or algebraically with the system size.

Dynamical localization of coupled relativistic kicked rotors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rozenbaum, Efim B.; Galitski, Victor

2017-02-01

A periodically driven rotor is a prototypical model that exhibits a transition to chaos in the classical regime and dynamical localization (related to Anderson localization) in the quantum regime. In a recent work [Phys. Rev. B 94, 085120 (2016), 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.085120], A. C. Keser et al. considered a many-body generalization of coupled quantum kicked rotors, and showed that in the special integrable linear case, dynamical localization survives interactions. By analogy with many-body localization, the phenomenon was dubbed dynamical many-body localization. In the present work, we study nonintegrable models of single and coupled quantum relativistic kicked rotors (QRKRs) that bridge the gap between the conventional quadratic rotors and the integrable linear models. For a single QRKR, we supplement the recent analysis of the angular-momentum-space dynamics with a study of the spin dynamics. Our analysis of two and three coupled QRKRs along with the proved localization in the many-body linear model indicate that dynamical localization exists in few-body systems. Moreover, the relation between QRKR and linear rotor models implies that dynamical many-body localization can exist in generic, nonintegrable many-body systems. And localization can generally result from a complicated interplay between Anderson mechanism and limiting integrability, since the many-body linear model is a high-angular-momentum limit of many-body QRKRs. We also analyze the dynamics of two coupled QRKRs in the highly unusual superballistic regime and find that the resonance conditions are relaxed due to interactions. Finally, we propose experimental realizations of the QRKR model in cold atoms in optical lattices.

Slow relaxation in weakly open rational polygons.

PubMed

Kokshenev, Valery B; Vicentini, Eduardo

2003-07-01

The interplay between the regular (piecewise-linear) and irregular (vertex-angle) boundary effects in nonintegrable rational polygonal billiards (of m equal sides) is discussed. Decay dynamics in polygons (of perimeter P(m) and small opening Delta) is analyzed through the late-time survival probability S(m) approximately equal t(-delta). Two distinct slow relaxation channels are established. The primary universal channel exhibits relaxation of regular sliding orbits, with delta=1. The secondary channel is given by delta>1 and becomes open when m>P(m)/Delta. It originates from vertex order-disorder dual effects and is due to relaxation of chaoticlike excitations.

Neo-classical theory of competition or Adam Smith's hand as mathematized ideology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCauley, Joseph L.

2001-10-01

Orthodox economic theory (utility maximization, rational agents, efficient markets in equilibrium) is based on arbitrarily postulated, nonempiric notions. The disagreement between economic reality and a key feature of neo-classical economic theory was criticized empirically by Osborne. I show that the orthodox theory is internally self-inconsistent for the very reason suggested by Osborne: lack of invertibility of demand and supply as functions of price to obtain price as functions of supply and demand. The reason for the noninvertibililty arises from nonintegrable excess demand dynamics, a feature of their theory completely ignored by economists.

Integrable mappings and the notion of anticonfinement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mase, T.; Willox, R.; Ramani, A.; Grammaticos, B.

2018-06-01

We examine the notion of anticonfinement and the role it has to play in the singularity analysis of discrete systems. A singularity is said to be anticonfined if singular values continue to arise indefinitely for the forward and backward iterations of a mapping, with only a finite number of iterates taking regular values in between. We show through several concrete examples that the behaviour of some anticonfined singularities is strongly related to the integrability properties of the discrete mappings in which they arise, and we explain how to use this information to decide on the integrability or non-integrability of the mapping.

An Overview of a Trajectory-Based Solution for En Route and Terminal Area Self-Spacing: Fourth Revision

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbott, Terence S.

2013-01-01

This paper presents an overview of the fourth major revision to an algorithm specifically designed to support NASA's Airborne Precision Spacing concept. This airborne self-spacing concept is trajectory-based, allowing for spacing operations prior to the aircraft being on a common path. Because this algorithm is trajectory-based, it also has the inherent ability to support required-time-of-arrival (RTA) operations. This algorithm was also designed specifically to support a standalone, non-integrated implementation in the spacing aircraft. Revisions to this algorithm were based on a change to the expected operational environment.

Thermalization without eigenstate thermalization hypothesis after a quantum quench.

PubMed

Mori, Takashi; Shiraishi, Naoto

2017-08-01

Nonequilibrium dynamics of a nonintegrable system without the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis is studied. It is shown that, in the thermodynamic limit, this model thermalizes after an arbitrary quantum quench at finite temperature, although it does not satisfy the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. In contrast, when the system size is finite and the temperature is low enough, the system may not thermalize. In this case, the steady state is well described by the generalized Gibbs ensemble constructed by using highly nonlocal conserved quantities. We also show that this model exhibits prethermalization, in which the prethermalized state is characterized by nonthermal energy eigenstates.

Quench dynamics and nonequilibrium phase diagram of the bose-hubbard model.

PubMed

Kollath, Corinna; Läuchli, Andreas M; Altman, Ehud

2007-05-04

We investigate the time evolution of correlations in the Bose-Hubbard model following a quench from the superfluid to the Mott insulator. For large values of the final interaction strength the system approaches a distinctly nonequilibrium steady state that bears strong memory of the initial conditions. In contrast, when the final interaction strength is comparable to the hopping, the correlations are rather well approximated by those at thermal equilibrium. The existence of two distinct nonequilibrium regimes is surprising given the nonintegrability of the Bose-Hubbard model. We relate this phenomenon to the role of quasiparticle interactions in the Mott insulator.

Heat sink structural design concepts for a hypersonic research airplane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taylor, A. H.; Jackson, L. R.

1977-01-01

Hypersonic research aircraft design requires careful consideration of thermal stresses. This paper relates some of the problems in a heat sink structural design that can be avoided by appropriate selection of design options including material selection, design concepts, and load paths. Data on several thermal loading conditions are presented on various conventional designs including bulkheads, longerons, fittings, and frames. Results indicate that conventional designs are inadequate and that acceptable designs are possible by incorporating innovative design practices. These include nonintegral pressure compartments, ball-jointed links to distribute applied loads without restraining the thermal expansion, and material selections based on thermal compatibility.

Some Exact Solutions of a Nonintegrable Toda-type Equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Chanju

2018-05-01

We study a Toda-type equation with two scalar fields which is not integrable and construct two families of exact solutions which are expressed in terms of rational functions. The equation appears in U(1) Chern-Simons theories coupled to two nonrelativistic matter fields with opposite charges. One family of solutions is a trivial embedding of Liouville-type solutions. The other family is obtained by transforming the equation into the Taubes vortex equation on the hyperbolic space. Though the Taubes equation is not integrable, a trivial vacuum solution provides nontrivial solutions to the original Toda-type equation.

Thermodynamics of higher dimensional black holes with higher order thermal fluctuations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pourhassan, B.; Kokabi, K.; Rangyan, S.

2017-12-01

In this paper, we consider higher order corrections of the entropy, which coming from thermal fluctuations, and find their effect on the thermodynamics of higher dimensional charged black holes. Leading order thermal fluctuation is logarithmic term in the entropy while higher order correction is proportional to the inverse of original entropy. We calculate some thermodynamics quantities and obtain the effect of logarithmic and higher order corrections of entropy on them. Validity of the first law of thermodynamics investigated and Van der Waals equation of state of dual picture studied. We find that five-dimensional black hole behaves as Van der Waals, but higher dimensional case have not such behavior. We find that thermal fluctuations are important in stability of black hole hence affect unstable/stable black hole phase transition.

Higher-dimensional Bianchi type-VIh cosmologies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lorenz-Petzold, D.

1985-09-01

The higher-dimensional perfect fluid equations of a generalization of the (1 + 3)-dimensional Bianchi type-VIh space-time are discussed. Bianchi type-V and Bianchi type-III space-times are also included as special cases. It is shown that the Chodos-Detweiler (1980) mechanism of cosmological dimensional-reduction is possible in these cases.

Quantum dynamics in phase space: Moyal trajectories 2

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Braunss, G.

Continuing a previous paper [G. Braunss, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 43, 025302 (2010)] where we had calculated Planck-Constant-Over-Two-Pi {sup 2}-approximations of quantum phase space viz. Moyal trajectories of examples with one and two degrees of freedom, we present in this paper the calculation of Planck-Constant-Over-Two-Pi {sup 2}-approximations for four examples: a two-dimensional Toda chain, the radially symmetric Schwarzschild field, and two examples with three degrees of freedom, the latter being the nonrelativistic spherically Coulomb potential and the relativistic cylinder symmetrical Coulomb potential with a magnetic field H. We show in particular that an Planck-Constant-Over-Two-Pi {sup 2}-approximation of the nonrelativisticmore » Coulomb field has no singularity at the origin (r= 0) whereas the classical trajectories are singular at r= 0. In the third example, we show in particular that for an arbitrary function {gamma}(H, z) the expression {beta}{identical_to}p{sub z}+{gamma}(H, z) is classically ( Planck-Constant-Over-Two-Pi = 0) a constant of motion, whereas for Planck-Constant-Over-Two-Pi {ne} 0 this holds only if {gamma}(H, z) is an arbitrary polynomial of second order in z. This statement is shown to extend correspondingly to a cylinder symmetrical Schwarzschild field with a magnetic field. We exhibit in detail a number of properties of the radially symmetric Schwarzschild field. We exhibit finally the problems of the nonintegrable Henon-Heiles Hamiltonian and give a short review of the regular Hilbert space representation of Moyal operators.« less

Statistics of extreme waves in the framework of one-dimensional Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Agafontsev, Dmitry; Zakharov, Vladimir

2013-04-01

We examine the statistics of extreme waves for one-dimensional classical focusing Nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation, iΨt + Ψxx + |Ψ |2Ψ = 0, (1) as well as the influence of the first nonlinear term beyond Eq. (1) - the six-wave interactions - on the statistics of waves in the framework of generalized NLS equation accounting for six-wave interactions, dumping (linear dissipation, two- and three-photon absorption) and pumping terms, We solve these equations numerically in the box with periodically boundary conditions starting from the initial data Ψt=0 = F(x) + ?(x), where F(x) is an exact modulationally unstable solution of Eq. (1) seeded by stochastic noise ?(x) with fixed statistical properties. We examine two types of initial conditions F(x): (a) condensate state F(x) = 1 for Eq. (1)-(2) and (b) cnoidal wave for Eq. (1). The development of modulation instability in Eq. (1)-(2) leads to formation of one-dimensional wave turbulence. In the integrable case the turbulence is called integrable and relaxes to one of infinite possible stationary states. Addition of six-wave interactions term leads to appearance of collapses that eventually are regularized by the dumping terms. The energy lost during regularization of collapses in (2) is restored by the pumping term. In the latter case the system does not demonstrate relaxation-like behavior. We measure evolution of spectra Ik =< |Ψk|2 >, spatial correlation functions and the PDFs for waves amplitudes |Ψ|, concentrating special attention on formation of "fat tails" on the PDFs. For the classical integrable NLS equation (1) with condensate initial condition we observe Rayleigh tails for extremely large waves and a "breathing region" for middle waves with oscillations of the frequency of waves appearance with time, while nonintegrable NLS equation with dumping and pumping terms (2) with the absence of six-wave interactions α = 0 demonstrates perfectly Rayleigh PDFs without any oscillations with time. In case of the cnoidal wave initial condition we observe severely non-Rayleigh PDFs for the classical NLS equation (1) with the regions corresponding to 2-, 3- and so on soliton collisions clearly seen of the PDFs. Addition of six-wave interactions in Eq. (2) for condensate initial condition results in appearance of non-Rayleigh addition to the PDFs that increase with six-wave interaction constant α and disappears with the absence of six-wave interactions α = 0. References: [1] D.S. Agafontsev, V.E. Zakharov, Rogue waves statistics in the framework of one-dimensional Generalized Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation, arXiv:1202.5763v3.

Quasiparticle explanation of the weak-thermalization regime under quench in a nonintegrable quantum spin chain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lin, Cheng-Ju; Motrunich, Olexei I.

2017-02-01

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis provides one picture of thermalization in a quantum system by looking at individual eigenstates. However, it is also important to consider how local observables reach equilibrium values dynamically. Quench protocol is one of the settings to study such questions. A recent numerical study [Bañuls, Cirac, and Hastings, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 050405 (2007), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.050405] of a nonintegrable quantum Ising model with longitudinal field under such a quench setting found different behaviors for different initial quantum states. One particular case called the "weak-thermalization" regime showed apparently persistent oscillations of some observables. Here we provide an explanation of such oscillations. We note that the corresponding initial state has low energy density relative to the ground state of the model. We then use perturbation theory near the ground state and identify the oscillation frequency as essentially a quasiparticle gap. With this quasiparticle picture, we can then address the long-time behavior of the oscillations. Upon making additional approximations which intuitively should only make thermalization weaker, we argue that the oscillations nevertheless decay in the long-time limit. As part of our arguments, we also consider a quench from a BEC to a hard-core boson model in one dimension. We find that the expectation value of a single-boson creation operator oscillates but decays exponentially in time, while a pair-boson creation operator has oscillations with a t-3 /2 decay in time. We also study dependence of the decay time on the density of bosons in the low-density regime and use this to estimate decay time for oscillations in the original spin model.

Observation chart design features affect the detection of patient deterioration: a systematic experimental evaluation.

PubMed

Christofidis, Melany J; Hill, Andrew; Horswill, Mark S; Watson, Marcus O

2016-01-01

To systematically evaluate the impact of several design features on chart-users' detection of patient deterioration on observation charts with early-warning scoring-systems. Research has shown that observation chart design affects the speed and accuracy with which abnormal observations are detected. However, little is known about the contribution of individual design features to these effects. A 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 mixed factorial design, with data-recording format (drawn dots vs. written numbers), scoring-system integration (integrated colour-based system vs. non-integrated tabular system) and scoring-row placement (grouped vs. separate) varied within-participants and scores (present vs. absent) varied between-participants by random assignment. 205 novice chart-users, tested between March 2011-March 2014, completed 64 trials where they saw real patient data presented on an observation chart. Each participant saw eight cases (four containing abnormal observations) on each of eight designs (which represented a factorial combination of the within-participants variables). On each trial, they assessed whether any of the observations were physiologically abnormal, or whether all observations were normal. Response times and error rates were recorded for each design. Participants responded faster (scores present and absent) and made fewer errors (scores absent) using drawn-dot (vs. written-number) observations and an integrated colour-based (vs. non-integrated tabular) scoring-system. Participants responded faster using grouped (vs. separate) scoring-rows when scores were absent, but separate scoring-rows when scores were present. Our findings suggest that several individual design features can affect novice chart-users' ability to detect patient deterioration. More broadly, the study further demonstrates the need to evaluate chart designs empirically. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Vacuum Stability in Split SUSY and Little Higgs Models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Datta, Alakabha; Zhang, Xinmin

We study the stability of the effective Higgs potential in the split supersymmetry and Little Higgs models. In particular, we study the effects of higher dimensional operators in the effective potential on the Higgs mass predictions. We find that the size and sign of the higher dimensional operators can significantly change the Higgs mass required to maintain vacuum stability in Split SUSY models. In the Little Higgs models the effects of higher dimensional operators can be large because of a relatively lower cutoff scale. Working with a specific model we find that a contribution from the higher dimensional operator with coefficient of O(1) can destabilize the vacuum.

Unlabored system motion by specially conditioned electromagnetic fields in higher dimensional realms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

David Froning, H.; Meholic, Gregory V.

2010-01-01

This third of three papers explores the possibility of swift, stress-less system transitions between slower-than-light and faster-than-light speeds with negligible net expenditure of system energetics. The previous papers derived a realm of higher dimensionality than 4-D spacetime that enabled such unlabored motion; and showed that fields that could propel and guide systems on unlabored paths in the higher dimensional realm must be fields that have been conditioned to SU(2) (or higher) Lie group symmetry. This paper shows that the system's surrounding vacuum dielectric ɛμ, within the higher dimensional realm's is a vector (not scalar) quantity with fixed magnitude ɛ0μ0 and changing direction within the realm with changing system speed. Thus, ɛμ generated by the system's EM field must remain tuned to vacuum ɛ0μ0 in both magnitude and direction during swift, unlabored system transitions between slower and faster than light speeds. As a result, the system's changing path and speed is such that the magnitude of the higher dimensional realm's ɛ0μ0 is not disturbed. And it is shown that a system's flight trajectories associated with its swift, unlabored transitions between zero and infinite speed can be represented by curved paths traced-out within the higher dimensional realm.

z -Weyl gravity in higher dimensions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moon, Taeyoon; Oh, Phillial, E-mail: dpproject@skku.edu, E-mail: ploh@skku.edu

We consider higher dimensional gravity in which the four dimensional spacetime and extra dimensions are not treated on an equal footing. The anisotropy is implemented in the ADM decomposition of higher dimensional metric by requiring the foliation preserving diffeomorphism invariance adapted to the extra dimensions, thus keeping the general covariance only for the four dimensional spacetime. The conformally invariant gravity can be constructed with an extra (Weyl) scalar field and a real parameter z which describes the degree of anisotropy of conformal transformation between the spacetime and extra dimensional metrics. In the zero mode effective 4D action, it reduces tomore » four-dimensional scalar-tensor theory coupled with nonlinear sigma model described by extra dimensional metrics. There are no restrictions on the value of z at the classical level and possible applications to the cosmological constant problem with a specific choice of z are discussed.« less

Unparticle physics.

PubMed

Georgi, Howard

2007-06-01

I discuss some simple aspects of the low-energy physics of a nontrivial scale invariant sector of an effective field theory-physics that cannot be described in terms of particles. I argue that it is important to take seriously the possibility that the unparticle stuff described by such a theory might actually exist in our world. I suggest a scenario in which some details of the production of unparticle stuff can be calculated. I find that in the appropriate low-energy limit, unparticle stuff with scale dimension dU looks like a nonintegral number dU of invisible particles. Thus dramatic evidence for a nontrivial scale invariant sector could show up experimentally in missing energy distributions.

On Edge Exchangeable Random Graphs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Janson, Svante

2017-06-01

We study a recent model for edge exchangeable random graphs introduced by Crane and Dempsey; in particular we study asymptotic properties of the random simple graph obtained by merging multiple edges. We study a number of examples, and show that the model can produce dense, sparse and extremely sparse random graphs. One example yields a power-law degree distribution. We give some examples where the random graph is dense and converges a.s. in the sense of graph limit theory, but also an example where a.s. every graph limit is the limit of some subsequence. Another example is sparse and yields convergence to a non-integrable generalized graphon defined on (0,∞).

Yangian Symmetry and Integrability of Planar N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory.

PubMed

Beisert, Niklas; Garus, Aleksander; Rosso, Matteo

2017-04-07

In this Letter, we establish Yangian symmetry of planar N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We prove that the classical equations of motion of the model close onto themselves under the action of Yangian generators. Moreover, we propose an off-shell extension of our statement, which is equivalent to the invariance of the action and prove that it is exactly satisfied. We assert that our relationship serves as a criterion for integrability in planar gauge theories by explicitly checking that it applies to the integrable Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena theory but not to the nonintegrable N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.

An Overview of a Trajectory-Based Solution for En Route and Terminal Area Self-Spacing: Third Revision

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbott, Terence S.

2012-01-01

This paper presents an overview of the third major revision to an algorithm specifically designed to support NASA's Airborne Precision Spacing concept. This algorithm is referred to as the Airborne Spacing for Terminal Arrival Routes version 11 (ASTAR11). This airborne self-spacing concept is trajectory-based, allowing for spacing operations prior to the aircraft being on a common path. Because this algorithm is trajectory-based, it also has the inherent ability to support required time-of-arrival (RTA) operations. This algorithm was also designed specifically to support a standalone, non-integrated implementation in the spacing aircraft.

Nonlinear Attitude Control of Planar Structures in Space Using Only Internal Controls

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reyhanoglu, Mahmut; Mcclamroch, N. Harris

1993-01-01

An attitude control strategy for maneuvers of an interconnection of planar bodies in space is developed. It is assumed that there are no exogeneous torques and that torques generated by joint motors are used as means of control so that the total angular momentum of the multibody system is a constant, assumed to be zero. The control strategy utilizes the nonintegrability of the expression for the angular momentum. Large angle maneuvers can be designed to achieve an arbitrary reorientation of the multibody system with respect to an inertial frame. The theoretical background for carrying out the required maneuvers is summarized.

The applications of a higher-dimensional Lie algebra and its decomposed subalgebras

PubMed Central

Yu, Zhang; Zhang, Yufeng

2009-01-01

With the help of invertible linear transformations and the known Lie algebras, a higher-dimensional 6 × 6 matrix Lie algebra sμ(6) is constructed. It follows a type of new loop algebra is presented. By using a (2 + 1)-dimensional partial-differential equation hierarchy we obtain the integrable coupling of the (2 + 1)-dimensional KN integrable hierarchy, then its corresponding Hamiltonian structure is worked out by employing the quadratic-form identity. Furthermore, a higher-dimensional Lie algebra denoted by E, is given by decomposing the Lie algebra sμ(6), then a discrete lattice integrable coupling system is produced. A remarkable feature of the Lie algebras sμ(6) and E is used to directly construct integrable couplings. PMID:20084092

The applications of a higher-dimensional Lie algebra and its decomposed subalgebras.

PubMed

Yu, Zhang; Zhang, Yufeng

2009-01-15

With the help of invertible linear transformations and the known Lie algebras, a higher-dimensional 6 x 6 matrix Lie algebra smu(6) is constructed. It follows a type of new loop algebra is presented. By using a (2 + 1)-dimensional partial-differential equation hierarchy we obtain the integrable coupling of the (2 + 1)-dimensional KN integrable hierarchy, then its corresponding Hamiltonian structure is worked out by employing the quadratic-form identity. Furthermore, a higher-dimensional Lie algebra denoted by E, is given by decomposing the Lie algebra smu(6), then a discrete lattice integrable coupling system is produced. A remarkable feature of the Lie algebras smu(6) and E is used to directly construct integrable couplings.

Weyl relativity: a novel approach to Weyl's ideas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barceló, Carlos; Carballo-Rubio, Raúl; Garay, Luis J.

2017-06-01

In this paper we revisit the motivation and construction of a unified theory of gravity and electromagnetism, following Weyl's insights regarding the appealing potential connection between the gauge invariance of electromagnetism and the conformal invariance of the gravitational field. We highlight that changing the local symmetry group of spacetime permits to construct a theory in which these two symmetries are combined into a putative gauge symmetry but with second-order field equations and non-trivial mass scales, unlike the original higher-order construction by Weyl. We prove that the gravitational field equations are equivalent to the (trace-free) Einstein field equations, ensuring their compatibility with known tests of general relativity. As a corollary, the effective cosmological constant is rendered radiatively stable due to Weyl invariance. A novel phenomenological consequence characteristic of this construction, potentially relevant for cosmological observations, is the existence of an energy scale below which effects associated with the non-integrability of spacetime distances, and an effective mass for the electromagnetic field, appear simultaneously (as dual manifestations of the use of Weyl connections). We explain how former criticisms against Weyl's ideas lose most of their power in its present reincarnation, which we refer to as Weyl relativity, as it represents a Weyl-invariant, unified description of both the Einstein and Maxwell field equations.

Weyl relativity: a novel approach to Weyl's ideas

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barceló, Carlos; Carballo-Rubio, Raúl; Garay, Luis J., E-mail: carlos@iaa.es, E-mail: raul.carballo-rubio@uct.ac.za, E-mail: luisj.garay@ucm.es

In this paper we revisit the motivation and construction of a unified theory of gravity and electromagnetism, following Weyl's insights regarding the appealing potential connection between the gauge invariance of electromagnetism and the conformal invariance of the gravitational field. We highlight that changing the local symmetry group of spacetime permits to construct a theory in which these two symmetries are combined into a putative gauge symmetry but with second-order field equations and non-trivial mass scales, unlike the original higher-order construction by Weyl. We prove that the gravitational field equations are equivalent to the (trace-free) Einstein field equations, ensuring their compatibilitymore » with known tests of general relativity. As a corollary, the effective cosmological constant is rendered radiatively stable due to Weyl invariance. A novel phenomenological consequence characteristic of this construction, potentially relevant for cosmological observations, is the existence of an energy scale below which effects associated with the non-integrability of spacetime distances, and an effective mass for the electromagnetic field, appear simultaneously (as dual manifestations of the use of Weyl connections). We explain how former criticisms against Weyl's ideas lose most of their power in its present reincarnation, which we refer to as Weyl relativity, as it represents a Weyl-invariant, unified description of both the Einstein and Maxwell field equations.« less

Model-based control strategies for systems with constraints of the program type

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jarzębowska, Elżbieta

2006-08-01

The paper presents a model-based tracking control strategy for constrained mechanical systems. Constraints we consider can be material and non-material ones referred to as program constraints. The program constraint equations represent tasks put upon system motions and they can be differential equations of orders higher than one or two, and be non-integrable. The tracking control strategy relies upon two dynamic models: a reference model, which is a dynamic model of a system with arbitrary order differential constraints and a dynamic control model. The reference model serves as a motion planner, which generates inputs to the dynamic control model. It is based upon a generalized program motion equations (GPME) method. The method enables to combine material and program constraints and merge them both into the motion equations. Lagrange's equations with multipliers are the peculiar case of the GPME, since they can be applied to systems with constraints of first orders. Our tracking strategy referred to as a model reference program motion tracking control strategy enables tracking of any program motion predefined by the program constraints. It extends the "trajectory tracking" to the "program motion tracking". We also demonstrate that our tracking strategy can be extended to a hybrid program motion/force tracking.

Transient ensemble dynamics in time-independent galactic potentials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahon, M. Elaine; Abernathy, Robert A.; Bradley, Brendan O.; Kandrup, Henry E.

1995-07-01

This paper summarizes a numerical investigation of the short-time, possibly transient, behaviour of ensembles of stochastic orbits evolving in fixed non-integrable potentials, with the aim of deriving insights into the structure and evolution of galaxies. The simulations involved three different two-dimensional potentials, quite different in appearance. However, despite these differences, ensembles in all three potentials exhibit similar behaviour. This suggests that the conclusions inferred from the simulations are robust, relying only on basic topological properties, e.g., the existence of KAM tori and cantori. Generic ensembles of initial conditions, corresponding to stochastic orbits, exhibit a rapid coarse-grained approach towards a near-invariant distribution on a time-scale <>t_H, although various irregularities associated with external and/or internal irregularities can drastically accelerate this process. A principal tool in the analysis is the notion of a local Liapounov exponent, which provides a statistical characterization of the overall instability of stochastic orbits over finite time intervals. In particular, there is a precise sense in which confined stochastic orbits are less unstable, with smaller local Liapounov exponents, than are unconfined stochastic orbits.

Evaluation of physicochemical properties of root-end filling materials using conventional and Micro-CT tests.

PubMed

Torres, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves; Bosso-Martelo, Roberta; Espir, Camila Galletti; Cirelli, Joni Augusto; Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Juliane Maria; Tanomaru-Filho, Mario

2017-01-01

To evaluate solubility, dimensional stability, filling ability and volumetric change of root-end filling materials using conventional tests and new Micro-CT-based methods. 7. The results suggested correlated or complementary data between the proposed tests. At 7 days, BIO showed higher solubility and at 30 days, showed higher volumetric change in comparison with MTA (p<0.05). With regard to volumetric change, the tested materials were similar (p>0.05) at 7 days. At 30 days, they presented similar solubility. BIO and MTA showed higher dimensional stability than ZOE (p<0.05). ZOE and BIO showed higher filling ability (p<0.05). ZOE presented a higher dimensional change, and BIO had greater solubility after 7 days. BIO presented filling ability and dimensional stability, but greater volumetric change than MTA after 30 days. Micro-CT can provide important data on the physicochemical properties of materials complementing conventional tests.

Generalized Gödel universes in higher dimensions and pure Lovelock gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dadhich, Naresh; Molina, Alfred; Pons, Josep M.

2017-10-01

The Gödel universe is a homogeneous rotating dust with negative Λ which is a direct product of a three-dimensional pure rotation metric with a line. We would generalize it to higher dimensions for Einstein and pure Lovelock gravity with only one N th-order term. For higher-dimensional generalization, we have to include more rotations in the metric, and hence we shall begin with the corresponding pure rotation odd (d =2 n +1 )-dimensional metric involving n rotations, which eventually can be extended by a direct product with a line or a space of constant curvature for yielding a higher-dimensional Gödel universe. The considerations of n rotations and also of constant curvature spaces is a new line of generalization and is being considered for the first time.

Dynamics of cosmic strings with higher-dimensional windings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yamauchi, Daisuke; Lake, Matthew J.; Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Education,Bangkok 10400

2015-06-11

We consider F-strings with arbitrary configurations in the Minkowski directions of a higher-dimensional spacetime, which also wrap and spin around S{sup 1} subcycles of constant radius in an arbitrary internal manifold, and determine the relation between the higher-dimensional and the effective four-dimensional quantities that govern the string dynamics. We show that, for any such configuration, the motion of the windings in the compact space may render the string effectively tensionless from a four-dimensional perspective, so that it remains static with respect to the large dimensions. Such a critical configuration occurs when (locally) exactly half the square of the string lengthmore » lies in the large dimensions and half lies in the compact space. The critical solution is then seen to arise as a special case, in which the wavelength of the windings is equal to their circumference. As examples, long straight strings and circular loops are considered in detail, and the solutions to the equations of motion that satisfy the tensionless condition are presented. These solutions are then generalized to planar loops and arbitrary three-dimensional configurations. Under the process of dimensional reduction, in which higher-dimensional motion is equivalent to an effective worldsheet current (giving rise to a conserved charge), this phenomenon may be seen as the analogue of the tensionless condition which arises for superconducting and chiral-current carrying cosmic strings.« less

Dynamics of cosmic strings with higher-dimensional windings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yamauchi, Daisuke; Lake, Matthew J., E-mail: yamauchi@resceu.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp, E-mail: matthewj@nu.ac.th

2015-06-01

We consider F-strings with arbitrary configurations in the Minkowski directions of a higher-dimensional spacetime, which also wrap and spin around S{sup 1} subcycles of constant radius in an arbitrary internal manifold, and determine the relation between the higher-dimensional and the effective four-dimensional quantities that govern the string dynamics. We show that, for any such configuration, the motion of the windings in the compact space may render the string effectively tensionless from a four-dimensional perspective, so that it remains static with respect to the large dimensions. Such a critical configuration occurs when (locally) exactly half the square of the string lengthmore » lies in the large dimensions and half lies in the compact space. The critical solution is then seen to arise as a special case, in which the wavelength of the windings is equal to their circumference. As examples, long straight strings and circular loops are considered in detail, and the solutions to the equations of motion that satisfy the tensionless condition are presented. These solutions are then generalized to planar loops and arbitrary three-dimensional configurations. Under the process of dimensional reduction, in which higher-dimensional motion is equivalent to an effective worldsheet current (giving rise to a conserved charge), this phenomenon may be seen as the analogue of the tensionless condition which arises for superconducting and chiral-current carrying cosmic strings.« less

Orthogonality measurements for multidimensional chromatography in three and higher dimensional separations.

PubMed

Schure, Mark R; Davis, Joe M

2017-11-10

Orthogonality metrics (OMs) for three and higher dimensional separations are proposed as extensions of previously developed OMs, which were used to evaluate the zone utilization of two-dimensional (2D) separations. These OMs include correlation coefficients, dimensionality, information theory metrics and convex-hull metrics. In a number of these cases, lower dimensional subspace metrics exist and can be readily calculated. The metrics are used to interpret previously generated experimental data. The experimental datasets are derived from Gilar's peptide data, now modified to be three dimensional (3D), and a comprehensive 3D chromatogram from Moore and Jorgenson. The Moore and Jorgenson chromatogram, which has 25 identifiable 3D volume elements or peaks, displayed good orthogonality values over all dimensions. However, OMs based on discretization of the 3D space changed substantially with changes in binning parameters. This example highlights the importance in higher dimensions of having an abundant number of retention times as data points, especially for methods that use discretization. The Gilar data, which in a previous study produced 21 2D datasets by the pairing of 7 one-dimensional separations, was reinterpreted to produce 35 3D datasets. These datasets show a number of interesting properties, one of which is that geometric and harmonic means of lower dimensional subspace (i.e., 2D) OMs correlate well with the higher dimensional (i.e., 3D) OMs. The space utilization of the Gilar 3D datasets was ranked using OMs, with the retention times of the datasets having the largest and smallest OMs presented as graphs. A discussion concerning the orthogonality of higher dimensional techniques is given with emphasis on molecular diversity in chromatographic separations. In the information theory work, an inconsistency is found in previous studies of orthogonality using the 2D metric often identified as %O. A new choice of metric is proposed, extended to higher dimensions, characterized by mixes of ordered and random retention times, and applied to the experimental datasets. In 2D, the new metric always equals or exceeds the original one. However, results from both the original and new methods are given. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Vane array with one or more non-integral platforms

DOEpatents

Lohaus, Andrew S.; Campbell, Christian Xavier; Miller, Jr, Samuel R.; Marra, John J.

2016-07-12

A vane array adapted to be coupled to a vane carrier within a gas turbine engine is provided comprising: a plurality of elongated airfoils comprising at least a first airfoil and a second airfoil located adjacent to one another; a U-ring; first connector structure for coupling a radially inner end section of each of the first and second airfoils to the U-ring; second connector structure for coupling a radially outer end section of each of the first and second airfoils to the vane carrier; a platform extending between the first and second airfoils; and platform connector structure for coupling the platform to one of the U-ring and the vane carrier.

Chaos and nonlinear dynamics of single-particle orbits in a magnetotaillike magnetic field

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chen, J.; Palmadesso, P. J.

1986-01-01

The properties of charged-particle motion in Hamiltonian dynamics are studied in a magnetotaillike magnetic field configuration. It is shown by numerical integration of the equation of motion that the system is generally nonintegrable and that the particle motion can be classified into three distinct types of orbits: bounded integrable orbits, unbounded stochastic orbits, and unbounded transient orbits. It is also shown that different regions of the phase space exhibit qualitatively different responses to external influences. The concept of 'differential memory' in single-particle distributions is proposed. Physical implications for the dynamical properties of the magnetotail plasmas and the possible generation of non-Maxwellian features in the distribution functions are discussed.

Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line from urinary cells of a healthy donor using integration free Sendai virus technology.

PubMed

Rossbach, Bella; Hildebrand, Laura; El-Ahmad, Linda; Stachelscheid, Harald; Reinke, Petra; Kurtz, Andreas

2017-05-01

We have generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line derived from urinary cells of a 28year old healthy female donor. The cells were reprogrammed using a non-integrating viral vector and have shown full differentiation potential. Together with the iPSC line, the donor provided blood cells for the study of immunological effects of the iPSC line and its derivatives in autologous and allogeneic settings. The line is available and registered in the human pluripotent stem cell registry as BCRTi005-A. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line from urinary cells of a healthy donor using an integration free vector.

PubMed

Rossbach, Bella; Hildebrand, Laura; El-Ahmad, Linda; Stachelscheid, Harald; Reinke, Petra; Kurtz, Andreas

2016-03-01

We have generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line derived from urinary cells of a 30 year old healthy female donor. The cells were reprogrammed using a non-integrating viral vector and have shown full differentiation potential. Together with the iPSC-line, the donor provided blood cells for the study of immunological effects of the iPSC line and its derivatives in autologous and allogeneic settings. The line is available and registered in the human pluripotent stem cell registry as BCRTi004-A. Copyright © 2016 University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chaotic coordinates for the Large Helical Device

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hudson, S. R., E-mail: shudson@pppl.gov; Suzuki, Y.

The theory of quadratic-flux-minimizing (QFM) surfaces is reviewed, and numerical techniques that allow high-order QFM surfaces to be efficiently constructed for experimentally relevant, non-integrable magnetic fields are described. As a practical example, the chaotic edge of the magnetic field in the Large Helical Device (LHD) is examined. A precise technique for finding the boundary surface is implemented, the hierarchy of partial barriers associated with the near-critical cantori is constructed, and a coordinate system, which we call chaotic coordinates, that is based on a selection of QFM surfaces is constructed that simplifies the description of the magnetic field, so that fluxmore » surfaces become “straight” and islands become “square.”.« less

World-volume effective theory for higher-dimensional black holes.

PubMed

Emparan, Roberto; Harmark, Troels; Niarchos, Vasilis; Obers, Niels A

2009-05-15

We argue that the main feature behind novel properties of higher-dimensional black holes, compared to four-dimensional ones, is that their horizons can have two characteristic lengths of very different size. We develop a long-distance world-volume effective theory that captures the black hole dynamics at scales much larger than the short scale. In this limit the black hole is regarded as a blackfold: a black brane (possibly boosted locally) whose world volume spans a curved submanifold of the spacetime. This approach reveals black objects with novel horizon geometries and topologies more complex than the black ring, but more generally it provides a new organizing framework for the dynamics of higher-dimensional black holes.

Five-Dimensional Gauged Supergravity with Higher Derivatives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hanaki, Kentaro

This thesis summarizes the recent developments on the study of five-dimensional gauged supergravity with higher derivative terms, emphasizing in particular the application to understanding the hydrodynamic properties of gauge theory plasma via the AdS/CFT correspondence. We first review how the ungauged and gauged five-dimensional supergravity actions with higher derivative terms can be constructed using the off-shell superconformal formalism. Then we relate the gauged supergravity to four-dimensional gauge theory using the AdS/CFT correspondence and extract the physical quantities associated with gauge theory plasma from the dual classical supergravity computations. We put a particular emphasis on the discussion of the conjectured lower bound for the shear viscosity over entropy density ratio proposed by Kovtun, Son and Starinets, and discuss how higher derivative terms in supergravity and the introduction of chemical potential for the R-charge affect this bound.

Comparative Performance of Acoustic-tagged and PIT-tagged Juvenile Salmonids

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hockersmith, Eric E.; Brown, Richard S.; Liedtke, Theresa L.

2008-02-01

Numerous research tools and technologies are currently being used to evaluate fish passage and survival to determine the impacts of the Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS) on endangered and threatened juvenile salmonids, including PIT tags, balloon tags, hydroacoustic evaluations, radio telemetry, and acoustic telemetry. Each has advantages and disadvantages, but options are restricted in some situations because of limited capabilities of a specific technology, lack of detection capability downstream, or availability of adequate numbers of fish. However, there remains concern about the comparative effects of the tag or the tagging procedure on fish performance. The recently developed Juvenile Salmonidmore » Acoustic Telemetry System (JSATS) acoustic transmitter is the smallest active acoustic tag currently available. The goal of this study was to determine whether fish tagged with the JSATS acoustic-telemetry tag can provide unbiased estimates of passage behavior and survival within the performance life of the tag. We conducted both field and laboratory studies to assess tag effects. For the field evaluation we released a total of 996 acoustic-tagged fish in conjunction with 21,026 PIT-tagged fish into the tailrace of Lower Granite Dam on 6 and 13 May. Travel times between release and downstream dams were not significantly different for the majority of the reaches between acoustic-tagged and PIT-tagged fish. In addition to the field evaluation, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to determine if growth and survival of juvenile Chinook salmon surgically implanted with acoustic transmitters is different than untagged or PIT tagged juvenile Chinook salmon. Only yearling fish with integrated and non-integrated transmitters experienced mortalities, and these were low (<4.5%). Mortality among sub-yearling control and PIT-tag treatments ranged up to 7.7% while integrated and non-integrated treatments had slightly higher rates (up to 8.3% and 7.9% respectively). No acoustic transmitters were shed by yearling fish during the course of the 90 day study. Up to 7.8% of subyearling fish expelled transmitters. Tags were expelled from 5 to 63 days post-surgery. The average time to expulsion was 27 days; few fish expelled transmitters within 14 days of implantation or less. Histological results suggest that inflammation associated with implantation of an acoustic transmitter can produce fibrous tissue which can invade and possibly damage internal organs soon after implantation. Reactions severe enough to damage organs however, were limited to only ~20% of subyearling Chinook salmon, all of which were under 101mm and 12g at tagging. The infiltration of the fibrous tissue into organs was observed most often in fish held for 21 days and appeared to decrease in subsequent holding times.« less

Higher dimensional Taub-NUT spaces and applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stelea, Cristian Ionut

In the first part of this thesis we discuss classes of new exact NUT-charged solutions in four dimensions and higher, while in the remainder of the thesis we make a study of their properties and their possible applications. Specifically, in four dimensions we construct new families of axisymmetric vacuum solutions using a solution-generating technique based on the hidden SL(2,R) symmetry of the effective action. In particular, using the Schwarzschild solution as a seed we obtain the Zipoy-Voorhees generalisation of the Taub-NUT solution and of the Eguchi-Hanson soliton. Using the C-metric as a seed, we obtain and study the accelerating versions of all the above solutions. In higher dimensions we present new classes of NUT-charged spaces, generalising the previously known even-dimensional solutions to odd and even dimensions, as well as to spaces with multiple NUT-parameters. We also find the most general form of the odd-dimensional Eguchi-Hanson solitons. We use such solutions to investigate the thermodynamic properties of NUT-charged spaces in (A)dS backgrounds. These have been shown to yield counter-examples to some of the conjectures advanced in the still elusive dS/CFT paradigm (such as the maximal mass conjecture and Bousso's entropic N-bound). One important application of NUT-charged spaces is to construct higher dimensional generalisations of Kaluza-Klein magnetic monopoles, generalising the known 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein soliton. Another interesting application involves a study of time-dependent higher-dimensional bubbles-of-nothing generated from NUT-charged solutions. We use them to test the AdS/CFT conjecture as well as to generate, by using stringy Hopf-dualities, new interesting time-dependent solutions in string theory. Finally, we construct and study new NUT-charged solutions in higher-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theories, generalising the known Reissner-Nordstrom solutions.

Evaluation of physicochemical properties of root-end filling materials using conventional and Micro-CT tests

PubMed Central

TORRES, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves; BOSSO-MARTELO, Roberta; ESPIR, Camila Galletti; CIRELLI, Joni Augusto; GUERREIRO-TANOMARU, Juliane Maria; TANOMARU-FILHO, Mario

2017-01-01

Abstract Objective To evaluate solubility, dimensional stability, filling ability and volumetric change of root-end filling materials using conventional tests and new Micro-CT-based methods. Material and Methods 7 Results The results suggested correlated or complementary data between the proposed tests. At 7 days, BIO showed higher solubility and at 30 days, showed higher volumetric change in comparison with MTA (p<0.05). With regard to volumetric change, the tested materials were similar (p>0.05) at 7 days. At 30 days, they presented similar solubility. BIO and MTA showed higher dimensional stability than ZOE (p<0.05). ZOE and BIO showed higher filling ability (p<0.05). Conclusions ZOE presented a higher dimensional change, and BIO had greater solubility after 7 days. BIO presented filling ability and dimensional stability, but greater volumetric change than MTA after 30 days. Micro-CT can provide important data on the physicochemical properties of materials complementing conventional tests. PMID:28877275

Salmonella on Raw Poultry in Retail Markets in Guatemala: Levels, Antibiotic Susceptibility, and Serovar Distribution.

PubMed

Jarquin, Claudia; Alvarez, Danilo; Morales, Oneida; Morales, Ana Judith; López, Beatriz; Donado, Pilar; Valencia, Maria F; Arévalo, Alejandra; Muñoz, Fredy; Walls, Isabel; Doyle, Michael P; Alali, Walid Q

2015-09-01

The objective of this study was to determine Salmonella numbers on retail raw chicken carcasses in Guatemala and to phenotypically characterize the isolates (serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility). In total, 300 chicken carcasses were collected from seven departments in Guatemala. Salmonella numbers were determined using the most-probable-number method following the U. S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service protocol. In total, 103 isolates were obtained, all of which were tested for antibiotic susceptibility, whereas 46 isolates were serotyped. Overall, Salmonella prevalence and mean number (mean log most probable number per carcass) was 34.3% and 2.3 (95% confidence interval: 2.1 to 2.5), respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in Salmonella prevalence were found by storage condition (refrigerated or ambient temperature), market type (wet markets, supermarkets, and independent poultry stores), chicken production system (integrated or nonintegrated production company), and chicken skin color (white or yellow). Chickens produced by integrated companies had lower Salmonella numbers (P < 0.05) than nonintegrated companies, and white-skin carcasses had lower numbers (P < 0.05) than yellow-skin carcasses. Among 13 different Salmonella serovars identified, Paratyphi B (34.8%) was most prevalent, followed by Heidelberg (16.3%) and Derby (11.6%). Of all the Salmonella isolates, 59.2% were resistant to one to three antibiotics and 13.6% to four or more antibiotics. Among all the serovars obtained, Salmonella Paratyphi B and Heidelberg were the most resistant to the antibiotics tested. Salmonella levels and antibiotic resistant profiles among isolates from raw poultry at the retail market level were high relative to other reports from North and South America. These data can be used by Guatemalan stakeholders to develop risk assessment models and support further research opportunities to control transmission of Salmonella spp. and antibiotic-resistant isolates from chicken meat to humans.

Stem Cell Genetic Therapy for Fanconi Anemia - A New Hope.

PubMed

Hanenberg, Helmut; Roellecke, Katharina; Wiek, Constanze

2017-01-01

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare inherited DNA disorder clinically characterized by congenital malformations, progressive bone marrow failure, and cancer susceptibility. Due to a strong survival advantage of spontaneously corrected 'normal' hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in a few patients, FA is considered a model disorder for genetic correction of autologous stem cells, where genetically corrected stem cells and their progeny have a strong in vivo selective advantage, ultimately leading to normal hematopoiesis. Despite these apparently ideal circumstances, three HSC gene therapy trials with gammaretroviral vectors (stage I) designed to cure the hematological manifestation of FA completely failed to provide long-term clinical benefits for patients, predominantly due to the combination of insufficient gene transfer technologies and incompletely understood FA HSC pathobiology. Currently, FA gene therapy is in stage II where, based on an improved understanding of the cellular defects in FA HSCs, consequently adapted transduction protocols are being used in two phase I/II trials for in vitro genetic correction of FANCA-deficient hematopoietic stem cells. These results are eagerly awaited. Independent from the outcome of these studies, technologies are already available that seem highly attractive for testing in FA. In stage III, this would ultimately include targeted in vivo correction of autologous HSCs by overexpression of nonintegrating lentiviral vectors with scaffold/matrix attachment region elements using specific envelopes as pseudotypes. Although currently still challenging, in a few years in vivo genome editing approaches will be readily available in stage IV, in which the delivery of the editing machinery/ complex is targeted to the autologous FA HSCs by the nonintegrating lentiviral vectors established in stage III. Even low levels of corrected stem cells will then quickly repopulate the entire hematopoiesis of the patient. We therefore are sanguine that in the future, genetic therapy can be used clinically for the correction of FA HSCs in the standard care of FA patients. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.

Integration of targeted health interventions into health systems: a conceptual framework for analysis.

PubMed

Atun, Rifat; de Jongh, Thyra; Secci, Federica; Ohiri, Kelechi; Adeyi, Olusoji

2010-03-01

The benefits of integrating programmes that emphasize specific interventions into health systems to improve health outcomes have been widely debated. This debate has been driven by narrow binary considerations of integrated (horizontal) versus non-integrated (vertical) programmes, and characterized by polarization of views with protagonists for and against integration arguing the relative merits of each approach. The presence of both integrated and non-integrated programmes in many countries suggests benefits to each approach. While the terms 'vertical' and 'integrated' are widely used, they each describe a range of phenomena. In practice the dichotomy between vertical and horizontal is not rigid and the extent of verticality or integration varies between programmes. However, systematic analysis of the relative merits of integration in various contexts and for different interventions is complicated as there is no commonly accepted definition of 'integration'-a term loosely used to describe a variety of organizational arrangements for a range of programmes in different settings. We present an analytical framework which enables deconstruction of the term integration into multiple facets, each corresponding to a critical health system function. Our conceptual framework builds on theoretical propositions and empirical research in innovation studies, and in particular adoption and diffusion of innovations within health systems, and builds on our own earlier empirical research. It brings together the critical elements that affect adoption, diffusion and assimilation of a health intervention, and in doing so enables systematic and holistic exploration of the extent to which different interventions are integrated in varied settings and the reasons for the variation. The conceptual framework and the analytical approach we propose are intended to facilitate analysis in evaluative and formative studies of-and policies on-integration, for use in systematically comparing and contrasting health interventions in a country or in different settings to generate meaningful evidence to inform policy.

Pair creation of higher dimensional black holes on a de Sitter background

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dias, Oscar J.C.; Lemos, Jose P.S.; CENTRA, Departamento de Fisica, F.C.T., Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro

We study in detail the quantum process in which a pair of black holes is created in a higher D-dimensional de Sitter (dS) background. The energy to materialize and accelerate the pair comes from the positive cosmological constant. The instantons that describe the process are obtained from the Tangherlini black hole solutions. Our pair creation rates reduce to the pair creation rate for Reissner-Nordstroem-dS solutions when D=4. Pair creation of black holes in the dS background becomes less suppressed when the dimension of the spacetime increases. The dS space is the only background in which we can discuss analytically themore » pair creation process of higher dimensional black holes, since the C-metric and the Ernst solutions, which describe, respectively, a pair accelerated by a string and by an electromagnetic field, are not known yet in a higher dimensional spacetime.« less

Higher-order nonclassicalities of finite dimensional coherent states: A comparative study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alam, Nasir; Verma, Amit; Pathak, Anirban

2018-07-01

Conventional coherent states (CSs) are defined in various ways. For example, CS is defined as an infinite Poissonian expansion in Fock states, as displaced vacuum state, or as an eigenket of annihilation operator. In the infinite dimensional Hilbert space, these definitions are equivalent. However, these definitions are not equivalent for the finite dimensional systems. In this work, we present a comparative description of the lower- and higher-order nonclassical properties of the finite dimensional CSs which are also referred to as qudit CSs (QCSs). For the comparison, nonclassical properties of two types of QCSs are used: (i) nonlinear QCS produced by applying a truncated displacement operator on the vacuum and (ii) linear QCS produced by the Poissonian expansion in Fock states of the CS truncated at (d - 1)-photon Fock state. The comparison is performed using a set of nonclassicality witnesses (e.g., higher order antibunching, higher order sub-Poissonian statistics, higher order squeezing, Agarwal-Tara parameter, Klyshko's criterion) and a set of quantitative measures of nonclassicality (e.g., negativity potential, concurrence potential and anticlassicality). The higher order nonclassicality witnesses have found to reveal the existence of higher order nonclassical properties of QCS for the first time.

Thermodynamics of a Higher Dimensional Noncommutative Inspired Anti-de Sitter-Einstein-Born-Infeld Black Hole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

González, Angélica; Linares, Román; Maceda, Marco; Sánchez-Santos, Oscar

2018-04-01

We analyze noncommutative deformations of a higher dimensional anti-de Sitter-Einstein-Born-Infeld black hole. Two models based on noncommutative inspired distributions of mass and charge are discussed and their thermodynamical properties such as the equation of state are explicitly calculated. In the (3 + 1)-dimensional case the Gibbs energy function of each model is used to discuss the presence of phase transitions.

Comparisons between thermodynamic and one-dimensional combustion models of spark-ignition engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ramos, J. I.

1986-01-01

Results from a one-dimensional combustion model employing a constant eddy diffusivity and a one-step chemical reaction are compared with those of one-zone and two-zone thermodynamic models to study the flame propagation in a spark-ignition engine. One-dimensional model predictions are found to be very sensitive to the eddy diffusivity and reaction rate data. The average mixing temperature found using the one-zone thermodynamic model is higher than those of the two-zone and one-dimensional models during the compression stroke, and that of the one-dimensional model is higher than those predicted by both thermodynamic models during the expansion stroke. The one-dimensional model is shown to predict an accelerating flame even when the front approaches the cold cylinder wall.

Equilibration, thermalisation, and the emergence of statistical mechanics in closed quantum systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gogolin, Christian; Eisert, Jens

2016-05-01

We review selected advances in the theoretical understanding of complex quantum many-body systems with regard to emergent notions of quantum statistical mechanics. We cover topics such as equilibration and thermalisation in pure state statistical mechanics, the eigenstate thermalisation hypothesis, the equivalence of ensembles, non-equilibration dynamics following global and local quenches as well as ramps. We also address initial state independence, absence of thermalisation, and many-body localisation. We elucidate the role played by key concepts for these phenomena, such as Lieb-Robinson bounds, entanglement growth, typicality arguments, quantum maximum entropy principles and the generalised Gibbs ensembles, and quantum (non-)integrability. We put emphasis on rigorous approaches and present the most important results in a unified language.

Investigation of lightweight designs and materials for LO2 and LH2 propellant tanks for space vehicles, phase 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

Design, analysis, and fabrication studies were performed on nonintegral (suspended) tanks using a representative space tug design. The LH2 and LO2 tank concept selection was developed. Tank geometries and support relationships were investigated using tug design propellant inertias and ullage pressures, then compared based on total tug systems effects. The tank combinations which resulted in the maximum payload were selected. Tests were conducted on samples of membrane material which was processed in a manner simulating production tank fabrication operations to determine fabrication effects on the fracture toughness of the tank material. Fracture mechanics analyses were also performed to establish a preliminary set of allowables for initial defects.

Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from urinary cells of a healthy donor using a non-integration system.

PubMed

Uhm, Kyung-Ok; Jo, Eun Hee; Go, Gue Youn; Kim, So-Jung; Choi, Hye Young; Im, Young Sam; Ha, Hye-Yeong; Jung, Ji-Won; Koo, Soo Kyung

2017-05-01

Urinary cells can be an ideal source for generating hiPSCs and progenitors, as they are easily accessible, non-invasive, and universally available. We generated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from the urinary cells of a healthy donor using a Sendai virus-based gene delivery method. The generated hiPSC line, KSCBi001-A, has a normal karyotype (46,XY). The pluripotency and capacity of multilineage differentiation were characterized by comparison with those of a human embryonic stem cell line. This cell line is registered and available from National Stem Cell Bank, Korea National Institute of Health. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Induction of pluripotency by defined factors

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Okita, Keisuke, E-mail: okita@cira.kyoto-u.ac.jp; Yamanaka, Shinya; Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507

2010-10-01

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells by introducing a combination of several transcription factors. The induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from a patient's somatic cells could be useful source of cells for drug discovery and cell transplantation therapies. However, most human iPS cells are made by viral vectors, such as retrovirus and lentivirus, which integrate the reprogramming factors into host genomes and may increase the risk of tumor formation. Studies of the mechanisms underlying the reprogramming and establishment of non-integration methods contribute evidence to resolve the safety concerns associated with iPS cells. On the other hand, patient-specificmore » iPS cells have already been established and used for recapitulating disease pathology.« less

Strain Insensitive Optical Phase Locked Loop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Egalon, Claudio Oliviera (Inventor); Rogowski, Robert S. (Inventor)

1996-01-01

An apparatus is provided to allow for quasi distributed sensing of strain within a test object. Strain insensitive fiber is used to deliver a light signal to a strain sensitive fiber in an optical phase locked loop sensor configuration. The use of strain insensitive delivery fiber allows for non-integrated measurements of strain without the use of expensive electronics such as those employed in ODTR techniques. The novelty of the present invention lies in the use of strain insensitive multimode fiber. The inventors had previously developed a similar sensor with strain insensitive fiber, however it was restricted to the use of single or few mode fibers. The use of an optical phase locked loop arrangement allows for the use of multimode strain insensitive fiber.

Equilibration, thermalisation, and the emergence of statistical mechanics in closed quantum systems.

PubMed

Gogolin, Christian; Eisert, Jens

2016-05-01

We review selected advances in the theoretical understanding of complex quantum many-body systems with regard to emergent notions of quantum statistical mechanics. We cover topics such as equilibration and thermalisation in pure state statistical mechanics, the eigenstate thermalisation hypothesis, the equivalence of ensembles, non-equilibration dynamics following global and local quenches as well as ramps. We also address initial state independence, absence of thermalisation, and many-body localisation. We elucidate the role played by key concepts for these phenomena, such as Lieb-Robinson bounds, entanglement growth, typicality arguments, quantum maximum entropy principles and the generalised Gibbs ensembles, and quantum (non-)integrability. We put emphasis on rigorous approaches and present the most important results in a unified language.

Generalized Gibbs distribution and energy localization in the semiclassical FPU problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hipolito, Rafael; Danshita, Ippei; Oganesyan, Vadim; Polkovnikov, Anatoli

2011-03-01

We investigate dynamics of the weakly interacting quantum mechanical Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (qFPU) model in the semiclassical limit below the stochasticity threshold. Within this limit we find that initial quantum fluctuations lead to the damping of FPU oscillations and relaxation of the system to a slowly evolving steady state with energy localized within few momentum modes. We find that in large systems this state can be described by the generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE), with the Lagrange multipliers being very weak functions of time. This ensembles gives accurate description of the instantaneous correlation functions, both quadratic and quartic. Based on these results we conjecture that GGE generically appears as a prethermalized state in weakly non-integrable systems.

Planar reorientation maneuvers of space multibody systems using internal controls

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reyhanoglu, Mahmut; Mcclamroch, N. H.

1992-01-01

In this paper a reorientation maneuvering strategy for an interconnection of planar rigid bodies in space is developed. It is assumed that there are no exogeneous torques, and torques generated by joint motors are used as means of control so that the total angular momentum of the multibody system is a constant, assumed to be zero in this paper. The maneuver strategy uses the nonintegrability of the expression for the angular momentum. We demonstrate that large-angle maneuvers can be designed to achieve an arbitrary reorientation of the multibody system with respect to an inertial frame. The theoretical background for carrying out the required maneuvers is briefly summarized. Specifications and computer simulations of a specific reorientation maneuver, and the corresponding control strategies, are described.

Yang-Baxter deformations of W2,4 × T1,1 and the associated T-dual models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sakamoto, Jun-ichi; Yoshida, Kentaroh

2017-08-01

Recently, for principal chiral models and symmetric coset sigma models, Hoare and Tseytlin proposed an interesting conjecture that the Yang-Baxter deformations with the homogeneous classical Yang-Baxter equation are equivalent to non-abelian T-dualities with topological terms. It is significant to examine this conjecture for non-symmetric (i.e., non-integrable) cases. Such an example is the W2,4 ×T 1 , 1 background. In this note, we study Yang-Baxter deformations of type IIB string theory defined on W2,4 ×T 1 , 1 and the associated T-dual models, and show that this conjecture is valid even for this case. Our result indicates that the conjecture would be valid beyond integrability.

Improved system integration for integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems.

PubMed

Frey, H Christopher; Zhu, Yunhua

2006-03-01

Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems are a promising technology for power generation. They include an air separation unit (ASU), a gasification system, and a gas turbine combined cycle power block, and feature competitive efficiency and lower emissions compared to conventional power generation technology. IGCC systems are not yet in widespread commercial use and opportunities remain to improve system feasibility via improved process integration. A process simulation model was developed for IGCC systems with alternative types of ASU and gas turbine integration. The model is applied to evaluate integration schemes involving nitrogen injection, air extraction, and combinations of both, as well as different ASU pressure levels. The optimal nitrogen injection only case in combination with an elevated pressure ASU had the highest efficiency and power output and approximately the lowest emissions per unit output of all cases considered, and thus is a recommended design option. The optimal combination of air extraction coupled with nitrogen injection had slightly worse efficiency, power output, and emissions than the optimal nitrogen injection only case. Air extraction alone typically produced lower efficiency, lower power output, and higher emissions than all other cases. The recommended nitrogen injection only case is estimated to provide annualized cost savings compared to a nonintegrated design. Process simulation modeling is shown to be a useful tool for evaluation and screening of technology options.

The Virtual University: Creating an Emergent Reality.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Latta, Gail F.

Higher education has traditionally been defined as a two dimensional affair concerned with content (curriculum) and pedagogy (instructional design). Information technologies are transforming the educational enterprise into a three-dimensional universe through the diversification of instructional delivery systems. The success of higher education in…

Development of a telemetry and yield-mapping system of olive harvester.

PubMed

Castillo-Ruiz, Francisco J; Pérez-Ruiz, Manuel; Blanco-Roldán, Gregorio L; Gil-Ribes, Jesús A; Agüera, Juan

2015-02-10

Sensors, communication systems and geo-reference units are required to achieve an optimized management of agricultural inputs with respect to the economic and environmental aspects of olive groves. In this study, three commercial olive harvesters were tracked during two harvesting seasons in Spain and Chile using remote and autonomous equipment that was developed to determine their time efficiency and effective based on canopy shaking for fruit detachment. These harvesters work in intensive/high-density (HD) and super-high-density (SHD) olive orchards. A GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) device was installed to track these harvesters. The GNSS receiver did not affect the driver's work schedule. Time elements methodology was adapted to the remote data acquisition system. The effective field capacity and field efficiency were investigated. In addition, the field shape, row length, angle between headland alley and row, and row alley width were measured to determinate the optimum orchard design parameters value. The SHD olive harvester showed significant lower effective field capacity values when alley width was less than 4 m. In addition, a yield monitor was developed and installed on a traditional olive harvester to obtain a yield map from the harvested area. The hedge straddle harvester stood out for its highly effective field capacity; nevertheless, a higher field efficiency was provided by a non-integral lateral canopy shaker. All of the measured orchard parameters have influenced machinery yields, whether effective field capacity or field efficiency. A saving of 40% in effective field capacity was achieved with a reduction from 4 m or higher to 3.5 m in alley width for SHD olive harvester. A yield map was plotted using data that were acquired by a yield monitor, reflecting the yield gradient in spite of the larger differences between tree yields.

Fermionic vacuum polarization in a higher-dimensional global monopole spacetime

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bezerra de Mello, E. R.

2007-12-15

In this paper we analyze the vacuum polarization effects associated with a massless fermionic field in a higher-dimensional global monopole spacetime in the 'braneworld' scenario. In this context we admit that our Universe, the bulk, is represented by a flat (n-1)-dimensional brane having a global monopole in an extra transverse three-dimensional submanifold. We explicitly calculate the renormalized vacuum average of the energy-momentum tensor, {sub Ren}, admitting the global monopole as being a pointlike object. We observe that this quantity depends crucially on the value of n, and provide explicit expressions to it for specific values attributed to n.

Strong anti-gravity Life in the shock wave

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fabbrichesi, Marco; Roland, Kaj

1992-12-01

Strong anti-gravity is the vanishing of the net force between two massive particles at rest, to all orders in Newton's constant. We study this phenomenon and show that it occurs in any effective theory of gravity which is obtained from a higher-dimensional model by compactification on a manifold with flat directions. We find the exact solution of the Einstein equations in the presence of a point-like source of strong anti-gravity by dimensional reduction of a shock-wave solution in the higher-dimensional model.

Higher derivative couplings in theories with sixteen supersymmetries

DOE PAGES

Lin, Ying -Hsuan; Shao, Shu -Heng; Yin, Xi; ...

2015-12-15

We give simple arguments for new non-renormalization theorems on higher derivative couplings of gauge theories to supergravity, with sixteen supersymmetries, by considerations of brane-bulk superamplitudes. This leads to some exact results on the effective coupling of D3-branes in type IIB string theory. As a result, we also derive exact results on higher dimensional operators in the torus compactification of the six dimensional (0, 2) superconformal theory.

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Free of Vector and Transgene Sequences

PubMed Central

Yu, Junying; Hu, Kejin; Smuga-Otto, Kim; Tian, Shulan; Stewart, Ron; Slukvin, Igor I.; Thomson, James A.

2009-01-01

Reprogramming differentiated human cells to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells has applications in basic biology, drug development, and transplantation. Human iPS cell derivation previously required vectors that integrate into the genome, which can create mutations and limit the utility of the cells in both research and clinical applications. Here we describe the derivation of human iPS cells using non-integrating episomal vectors. After removal of the episome, iPS cells completely free of vector and transgene sequences are derived that are similar to human embryonic stem (ES) cells in proliferative and developmental potential. These results demonstrate that reprogramming human somatic cells does not require genomic integration or the continued presence of exogenous reprogramming factors, and removes one obstacle to the clinical application of human iPS cells. PMID:19325077

Adam Smith's invisible hand is unstable: physics and dynamics reasoning applied to economic theorizing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCauley, Joseph L.

2002-11-01

Neo-classical economic theory is based on the postulated, nonempiric notion of utility. Neo-classical economists assume that prices, dynamics, and market equilibria are supposed to be derived from utility. The results are supposed to represent mathematically the stabilizing action of Adam Smith's invisible hand. In deterministic excess demand dynamics, however, a utility function generally does not exist mathematically due to nonintegrability. Price as a function of demand does not exist and all equilibria are unstable. Qualitatively, and empirically, the neo-classical prediction of price as a function of demand describes neither consumer nor trader demand. We also discuss five inconsistent definitions of equilibrium used in economics and finance, only one of which is correct, and then explain the fallacy in the economists’ notion of ‘temporary price equilibria’.

Charge-injection-device 2 x 64 element infrared array performance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mckelvey, M. E.; Mccreight, C. R.; Goebel, J. H.; Reeves, A. A.

1985-01-01

Three 2 x 64 element Si:Bi accumulation-mode charge-injection-device (CID) arrays were tested at low and moderate background to evaluate their usefulness for space-based astronomical observations. Testing was conducted both in the laboratory and in ground-based telescope IR observations. The devices showed an average readout noise level below 200 equivalent electrons, a peak responsivity of 4 A/W, and a noise equivalent power of 3 x 10 to the -17th W/sq rt Hz. This sensitivity compares well with that of nonintegrating discrete extrinsic silicon photoconductors. The array well capacity was significantly smaller than predicted. The measured sensitivity makes extrinsic silicon CID arrays useful for certain astronomical applications. However, their readout efficiency and frequency response represent serious limitations in low-background applications.

An Overview of a Trajectory-Based Solution for En Route and Terminal Area Self-Spacing: Sixth Revision

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbott, Terence S.

2015-01-01

This paper presents an overview of the sixth revision to an algorithm specifically designed to support NASA's Airborne Precision Spacing concept. This algorithm is referred to as the Airborne Spacing for Terminal Arrival Routes version 13 (ASTAR13). This airborne self-spacing concept contains both trajectory-based and state-based mechanisms for calculating the speeds required to achieve or maintain a precise spacing interval. The trajectory-based capability allows for spacing operations prior to the aircraft being on a common path. This algorithm was also designed specifically to support a standalone, non-integrated implementation in the spacing aircraft. This current revision to the algorithm adds the state-based capability in support of evolving industry standards relating to airborne self-spacing.

Nitrosonium-Catalyzed Decomposition of S-Nitrosothiols in Solution

PubMed Central

Zhao, Yi-Lei; McCarren, Patrick R.; Houk, K. N.; Choi, Bo Yoon; Toone, Eric J.

2008-01-01

The decomposition of S-nitrosothiols (RSNO) in solution under oxidative conditions is significantly faster than can be accounted for by homolysis of the S-N bond. Here we propose a cationic chain mechanism in which nitrosylation of nitrosothiol produces a nitrosylated cation that, in turn, reacts with a second nitrosothiol to produce disulfide and the NO dimer. Nitrosylated dimer acts as a source of nitrosonium for nitrosothiol nitrosylation, completing the catalytic cycle. The mechanism accounts for several unexplained facets of nitrosothiol chemistry in solution, including the observation that the decomposition of an RSNO is accelerated by O2, mixtures of O2 and NO, and other oxidants, that decomposition is inhibited by thiols and other antioxidants, that decomposition is dependent on sulfur substitution, and that decomposition often shows non-integral kinetic orders. PMID:16076198

Performance of charge-injection-device infrared detector arrays at low and moderate backgrounds

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mckelvey, M. E.; Mccreight, C. R.; Goebel, J. H.; Reeves, A. A.

1985-01-01

Three 2 x 64 element charge injection device infrared detector arrays were tested at low and moderate background to evaluate their usefulness for space based astronomical observations. Testing was conducted both in the laboratory and in ground based telescope observations. The devices showed an average readout noise level below 200 equivalent electrons, a peak responsivity of 4 A/W, and a noise equivalent power of 3x10 sq root of W/Hz. Array well capacity was measured to be significantly smaller than predicted. The measured sensitivity, which compares well with that of nonintegrating discrete extrinsic silicon photoconductors, shows these arrays to be useful for certain astronomical observations. However, the measured readout efficiency and frequency response represent serious limitations in low background applications.

Integrable Scalar Cosmologies I. Foundations and links with String Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fré, P.; Sagnotti, A.; Sorin, A. S.

2013-12-01

We build a number of integrable one-scalar spatially flat cosmologies, which play a natural role in inflationary scenarios, examine their behavior in several cases and draw from them some general lessons on this type of systems, whose potentials involve combinations of exponential functions, and on similar non-integrable ones. These include the impossibility for the scalar to emerge from the initial singularity descending along asymptotically exponential potentials with logarithmic slopes exceeding a critical value (“climbing phenomenon”) and the inevitable collapse in a Big Crunch whenever the scalar tries to settle at negative extrema of the potential. We also elaborate on the links between these types of potentials and “brane supersymmetry breaking”, a mechanism that ties together string scale and scale of supersymmetry breaking in a class of orientifold models. Our Universe is highly isotropic and homogeneous at large scales, while its current state of acceleration is well accounted for by a small positive cosmological constant; Our Universe is spatially flat, which brings to the forefront metrics of the form ds2=e dt2-a2(t) dxṡdx. Special “gauge functions” B(t) can result in simpler expressions for the scale factor a(t), which becomes a quantity of utmost interest for Theoretical Physics; Vacuum energy accounts for about 70% of the present contents of the Universe, dark matter of unknown origin for another 24%, so that only 6% is left for conventional baryonic matter in the form of luminous stars and galaxies. The climbing phenomenon, whereby the scalar field cannot emerge from the initial singularity climbing down potentials that are asymptotically exponential with logarithmic slopes exceeding a critical value. Or, if you will, the impossibility for scalar fields to overcome, in a contracting phase, the attractive force of such potential ends. The physical meaning of this phenomenon was first elucidated in [18] in the simple exponential potential, although the corresponding solutions have a long history [19,20]. Possible imprints on the low-ℓ tail of the CMB power spectrum were then discussed in [21], while an analysis of the mechanism near the initial singularity was recently presented in [22]; The eventual collapse in a Big Crunch of systems of this type whenever the scalar tends to settle at a negative extremum of the potential V(ϕ). This was expected: it reflects the fact that AdS has no spatially flat metrics, or that negative extrema are non-admissible fixed points for the corresponding dynamical systems. The fields hi associated with the Cartan generators of the Lie algebra of G, whose number equals the rank r of the coset and whose kinetic terms, determined by the invariant metric of G/H, are canonical up to an overall constant; The axions bI associated with the roots of the Lie algebra of G, whose kinetic terms depend instead on both the Cartan fields hi and the bI. Can the integrable models that we have identified be realized within conventional gauged Supergravity, and for what choices of fluxes? This proviso is important, since some of the simplest potentials in our list do appear, albeit in versions where SUSY is non-linearly realized. Can integrable potentials provide interesting insights on inflationary scenarios behind the slow-roll regime, in addition to those encoded by the single-exponential potential, the simplest member of the set, that already revealed the existence of the climbing phenomenon? How much can one learn from integrable potentials about Cosmology with similar non-integrable potentials? The first question is perhaps the most difficult one, but it is also particularly interesting since a proper understanding of the issue will encode low-energy manifestations of non-perturbative string effects present in these contexts even with supersymmetry broken at high scales. It will be dealt with in detail elsewhere [27].The second question has encouraging answers. There are indeed two classes of handily integrable models where an early climbing phase leaves way to inflation during the ensuing descent (models (2) and (9) in Table 1). This setting can leave interesting imprints on the low-ℓ portion of the CMB power spectrum [21] that are qualitatively along the lines of WMAP and PLANCK data and is close to BSB orientifold models, although not quite identical to them. Model (6) in Table 1 is perhaps the most interesting of all the examples that we are presenting, since it can even combine, in a rather elegant and relatively handy fashion, an early climbing phase with tens of e-folds of slow-roll inflation and with a graceful exit to an eventual phase of decelerated expansion.Finally, the extensive literature on two-dimensional dynamical systems implies a positive answer to the third question. It turns out, in fact, that the dynamical system counterparts of our cosmological equations experience behaviors that are largely determined by the nature of their fixed points, and more specifically by the eigenvalues of their linear approximations in the vicinity of them. As a result, when an integrable potential has the same type of fixed points as a physically interesting non-integrable one, its exact solutions are expected to provide trustable clues on the actual physical system. This result is very appealing, despite the absence of general estimates of the error, and will be illustrated further in [27] comparing analytical and numerical solutions for interesting families of potential wells that include the physically relevant case of the STU model [28].Summarizing, we have constructed a wide list of one-field integrable cosmologies and we have examined in detail the properties of their most significant solutions, arriving in this fashion at a qualitative grasp of the general case. We have also addressed the question of whether the integrable models provide valuable approximations of similar non-integrable models, and in this respect we have obtained encouraging results that find a rationale in the ascertained behavior of corresponding two-dimensional dynamical systems.The structure of the paper is as follows. In Section 2 we derive an effective dynamical model that encompasses the possible d-dimensional Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spatially flat cosmologies driven by a scalar field ϕ with canonical kinetic term and self interaction produced by a potential function V(ϕ). In Section 3 we describe the methods used to build integrable dynamical systems and identify nine different families of one-scalar cosmologies that are integrable for suitable choices of the gauge function B(t) of Eq. (1.1). In Section 4 we analyze the generic properties of dynamical systems in two variables, we describe the general classification of their fixed points and we illustrate the corresponding behavior of the solutions of Section 3. We then discuss in detail the exact solutions of several particularly significant systems identified in Section 3 and illustrate a number of instructive lessons that can be drawn from them. In Section 5.1 we describe the gross features of 26 additional sporadic potentials and elaborate on the qualitative behavior of their solutions, on the basis of the key lessons drawn from the simpler examples of Section 4. We also elaborate briefly on the links with other integrable systems. In Section 6 we illustrate how exponential potentials accompany in String Theory a mechanism for supersymmetry breaking brought about by classically stable vacuum configurations of D branes and orientifolds with broken supersymmetry and discuss their behavior in lower dimensions. Under some assumptions that are spelled out in Section 6, we also describe the types of exponential potentials that can emerge, in four dimensions, from various types of branes present in String Theory. Insofar as possible, we work in a generic number of dimensions, but with critical superstrings in our mind, so that in most of the paper 4⩽d⩽10. Finally Section 7 contains our conclusions, an assessment of our current views on the role of integrability in cosmological models emerging from a Fundamental Theory and some anticipations of results that are going to appear elsewhere [27,29].

Attitude Estimation or Quaternion Estimation?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Markley, F. Landis

2003-01-01

The attitude of spacecraft is represented by a 3x3 orthogonal matrix with unity determinant, which belongs to the three-dimensional special orthogonal group SO(3). The fact that all three-parameter representations of SO(3) are singular or discontinuous for certain attitudes has led to the use of higher-dimensional nonsingular parameterizations, especially the four-component quaternion. In attitude estimation, we are faced with the alternatives of using an attitude representation that is either singular or redundant. Estimation procedures fall into three broad classes. The first estimates a three-dimensional representation of attitude deviations from a reference attitude parameterized by a higher-dimensional nonsingular parameterization. The deviations from the reference are assumed to be small enough to avoid any singularity or discontinuity of the three-dimensional parameterization. The second class, which estimates a higher-dimensional representation subject to enough constraints to leave only three degrees of freedom, is difficult to formulate and apply consistently. The third class estimates a representation of SO(3) with more than three dimensions, treating the parameters as independent. We refer to the most common member of this class as quaternion estimation, to contrast it with attitude estimation. We analyze the first and third of these approaches in the context of an extended Kalman filter with simplified kinematics and measurement models.

Entropy in the interior of a higher-dimensional black hole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Jian-Zhi; Liu, Wen-Biao

2018-07-01

Recently Christodoulou and Rovelli brought out a sensible description for the black hole volume as the largest volume. Later the entropy related to this volume in a 4-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole was investigated, which showed that such entropy is proportional to the surface area of the black hole. We will probe into these issues in the context of higher-dimensional case. It is found that the proportion between this entropy and the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy will go down through dramatic change along with the increase of spacetime dimension.

Higher-dimensional lifts of Killing-Yano forms with torsion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chow, David D. K.

2017-01-01

Using a Kaluza-Klein-type lift, it is shown how Killing-Yano forms with torsion can remain symmetries of a higher-dimensional geometry, subject to an algebraic condition between the Kaluza-Klein field strength and the Killing-Yano form. The lift condition’s significance is highlighted, and is satisfied by examples of black holes in supergravity.

Maxwell-Higgs equation on higher dimensional static curved spacetimes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mulyanto, E-mail: mulyanto37@gmail.com; Akbar, Fiki Taufik, E-mail: ftakbar@fi.itb.ac.id; Gunara, Bobby Eka, E-mail: bobby@fi.itb.ac.id

In this paper we consider a class of solutions of Maxwell-Higgs equation in higher dimensional static curved spacetimes called Schwarzchild de-Sitter spacetimes. We obtain the general form of the electric fields and magnetic fields in background Schwarzchild de-Sitter spacetimes. However, determining the interaction between photons with the Higgs scalar fields is needed further studies.

Exact solutions of bulk viscous with string cloud attached to strange quark matter for higher dimensional FRW universe in Lyra geometry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Çağlar, Halife, E-mail: hlfcglr@gmail.com; Aygün, Sezgin, E-mail: saygun@comu.edu.tr

In this study, we have investigated bulk viscous with strange quark matter attached to the string cloud for higher dimensional Friedman-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe in Lyra geometry. By using varying deceleration parameter and conservation equations we have solved Einstein Field Equations (EFE’s) and obtained generalized exact solutions for our model. Also we have found that string is not survived for bulk viscous with strange quark matter attached to the string cloud in framework higher dimensional FRW universe in Lyra geometry. This result agrees with Kiran and Reddy, Krori et al, Sahoo and Mishra and Mohanty et al. in four and fivemore » dimensions.« less

Accretion onto a higher dimensional black hole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

John, Anslyn J.; Ghosh, Sushant G.; Maharaj, Sunil D.

2013-11-01

We examine the steady-state spherically symmetric accretion of relativistic fluids, with a polytropic equation of state, onto a higher-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole. The mass accretion rate, critical radius, and flow parameters are determined and compared with results obtained in standard four dimensions. The accretion rate, M˙, is an explicit function of the black hole mass, M, as well as the gas boundary conditions and the dimensionality, D, of the spacetime. We also find the asymptotic compression ratios and temperature profiles below the accretion radius and at the event horizon. This analysis is a generalization of Michel’s solution to higher dimensions and of the Newtonian expressions of Giddings and Mangano, which consider the accretion of TeV black holes.

Extended inflation from higher dimensional theories

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Holman, Richard; Kolb, Edward W.; Vadas, Sharon L.; Wang, Yun

1990-01-01

The possibility is considered that higher dimensional theories may, upon reduction to four dimensions, allow extended inflation to occur. Two separate models are analayzed. One is a very simple toy model consisting of higher dimensional gravity coupled to a scalar field whose potential allows for a first-order phase transition. The other is a more sophisticated model incorporating the effects of non-trivial field configurations (monopole, Casimir, and fermion bilinear condensate effects) that yield a non-trivial potential for the radius of the internal space. It was found that extended inflation does not occur in these models. It was also found that the bubble nucleation rate in these theories is time dependent unlike the case in the original version of extended inflation.

Assessing the greenhouse gas emissions of Brazilian soybean biodiesel production.

PubMed

Cerri, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino; You, Xin; Cherubin, Maurício Roberto; Moreira, Cindy Silva; Raucci, Guilherme Silva; Castigioni, Bruno de Almeida; Alves, Priscila Aparecida; Cerri, Domingos Guilherme Pellegrino; Mello, Francisco Fujita de Castro; Cerri, Carlos Clemente

2017-01-01

Soybean biodiesel (B100) has been playing an important role in Brazilian energy matrix towards the national bio-based economy. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is the most widely used indicator for assessing the environmental sustainability of biodiesels and received particular attention among decision makers in business and politics, as well as consumers. Former studies have been mainly focused on the GHG emissions from the soybean cultivation, excluding other stages of the biodiesel production. Here, we present a holistic view of the total GHG emissions in four life cycle stages for soybean biodiesel. The aim of this study was to assess the GHG emissions of Brazilian soybean biodiesel production system with an integrated life cycle approach of four stages: agriculture, extraction, production and distribution. Allocation of mass and energy was applied and special attention was paid to the integrated and non-integrated industrial production chain. The results indicated that the largest source of GHG emissions, among four life cycle stages, is the agricultural stage (42-51%) for B100 produced in integrated systems and the production stage (46-52%) for B100 produced in non-integrated systems. Integration of industrial units resulted in significant reduction in life cycle GHG emissions. Without the consideration of LUC and assuming biogenic CO2 emissions is carbon neutral in our study, the calculated life cycle GHG emissions for domestic soybean biodiesel varied from 23.1 to 25.8 gCO2eq. MJ-1 B100 and those for soybean biodiesel exported to EU ranged from 26.5 to 29.2 gCO2eq. MJ-1 B100, which represent reductions by 65% up to 72% (depending on the delivery route) of GHG emissions compared with the EU benchmark for diesel fuel. Our findings from a life cycle perspective contributed to identify the major GHG sources in Brazilian soybean biodiesel production system and they can be used to guide mitigation priority for policy and decision-making. Projected scenarios in this study would be taken as references for accounting the environmental sustainability of soybean biodiesel within a domestic and global level.

Synthesis, characterization and solid state electrical properties of 1-D coordination polymer of the type [Cu{sub x}Ni{sub 1-x}(dadb){center_dot}yH{sub 2}O]{sub n}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Prasad, R.L., E-mail: rlpjc@yahoo.co.in; Kushwaha, A.; Shrivastava, O.N.

2012-12-15

New heterobimetallic complexes [Cu{sub x}Ni{sub 1-x}(dadb){center_dot}yH{sub 2}O]{sub n} {l_brace}where dadb=2,5-Diamino-3,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (1); x=1 (2), 0.5 (4), 0.25 (5), 0.125 (6), 0.0625 (7) and 0 (3); y=2; n=degree of polymerization{r_brace} were synthesized and characterized. Heterobimetallic complexes show normal magnetic moments, whereas, monometallic complexes exhibit magnetic moments less than the value due to spin only. Thermo-gravimetric analysis shows that degradation of the ligand dadb moiety is being controlled by the electronic environment of the Cu(II) ions in preference over Ni(II) in heterobimetallic complexes. Existence of the mixed valency/non-integral oxidation states of copper and nickel metal ions in the complex 4 has been attributedmore » from magnetic moment and ESR spectral results. Solid state dc electrical conductivity of all the complexes was investigated. Monometallic complexes were found to be semiconductors, whereas heterobimetallic coordination polymer 4 was found to exhibit metallic behaviour. Existence of mixed valency/ non-integral oxidation state of metal ions seems to be responsible for the metallic behaviour. - Graphical abstract: Contrast to the semiconductor monometallic complexes 2 and 3, the heterobimetallic complex 4 exhibits metallic behaviour attributed to the mixed valency/non-integral oxidation state of the metal ions concluded from magnetic and ESR spectral studies. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer 1-D coordination compounds of the type Cu{sub x}Ni{sub 1-x}(dadb){center_dot}yH{sub 2}O were synthesized and characterized. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Thermal degradation of the complexes provides an indication of long range electronic communication between metal to ligand. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer On inclusion of Ni(II) into 1-D coordination polymer of Cu(II). (a) Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions exhibit non-integral oxidation state. (b) resulting heterobimetallic complex 4 exhibits metallic behaviour at all temperature range of the present study whereas monometallic complexes are semiconductor.« less

Assessing the greenhouse gas emissions of Brazilian soybean biodiesel production

PubMed Central

You, Xin; Cherubin, Maurício Roberto; Moreira, Cindy Silva; Raucci, Guilherme Silva; Castigioni, Bruno de Almeida; Alves, Priscila Aparecida; Cerri, Domingos Guilherme Pellegrino; Mello, Francisco Fujita de Castro; Cerri, Carlos Clemente

2017-01-01

Soybean biodiesel (B100) has been playing an important role in Brazilian energy matrix towards the national bio-based economy. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is the most widely used indicator for assessing the environmental sustainability of biodiesels and received particular attention among decision makers in business and politics, as well as consumers. Former studies have been mainly focused on the GHG emissions from the soybean cultivation, excluding other stages of the biodiesel production. Here, we present a holistic view of the total GHG emissions in four life cycle stages for soybean biodiesel. The aim of this study was to assess the GHG emissions of Brazilian soybean biodiesel production system with an integrated life cycle approach of four stages: agriculture, extraction, production and distribution. Allocation of mass and energy was applied and special attention was paid to the integrated and non-integrated industrial production chain. The results indicated that the largest source of GHG emissions, among four life cycle stages, is the agricultural stage (42–51%) for B100 produced in integrated systems and the production stage (46–52%) for B100 produced in non-integrated systems. Integration of industrial units resulted in significant reduction in life cycle GHG emissions. Without the consideration of LUC and assuming biogenic CO2 emissions is carbon neutral in our study, the calculated life cycle GHG emissions for domestic soybean biodiesel varied from 23.1 to 25.8 gCO2eq. MJ-1 B100 and those for soybean biodiesel exported to EU ranged from 26.5 to 29.2 gCO2eq. MJ-1 B100, which represent reductions by 65% up to 72% (depending on the delivery route) of GHG emissions compared with the EU benchmark for diesel fuel. Our findings from a life cycle perspective contributed to identify the major GHG sources in Brazilian soybean biodiesel production system and they can be used to guide mitigation priority for policy and decision-making. Projected scenarios in this study would be taken as references for accounting the environmental sustainability of soybean biodiesel within a domestic and global level. PMID:28493965

Single-shot imaging with higher-dimensional encoding using magnetic field monitoring and concomitant field correction.

PubMed

Testud, Frederik; Gallichan, Daniel; Layton, Kelvin J; Barmet, Christoph; Welz, Anna M; Dewdney, Andrew; Cocosco, Chris A; Pruessmann, Klaas P; Hennig, Jürgen; Zaitsev, Maxim

2015-03-01

PatLoc (Parallel Imaging Technique using Localized Gradients) accelerates imaging and introduces a resolution variation across the field-of-view. Higher-dimensional encoding employs more spatial encoding magnetic fields (SEMs) than the corresponding image dimensionality requires, e.g. by applying two quadratic and two linear spatial encoding magnetic fields to reconstruct a 2D image. Images acquired with higher-dimensional single-shot trajectories can exhibit strong artifacts and geometric distortions. In this work, the source of these artifacts is analyzed and a reliable correction strategy is derived. A dynamic field camera was built for encoding field calibration. Concomitant fields of linear and nonlinear spatial encoding magnetic fields were analyzed. A combined basis consisting of spherical harmonics and concomitant terms was proposed and used for encoding field calibration and image reconstruction. A good agreement between the analytical solution for the concomitant fields and the magnetic field simulations of the custom-built PatLoc SEM coil was observed. Substantial image quality improvements were obtained using a dynamic field camera for encoding field calibration combined with the proposed combined basis. The importance of trajectory calibration for single-shot higher-dimensional encoding is demonstrated using the combined basis including spherical harmonics and concomitant terms, which treats the concomitant fields as an integral part of the encoding. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

T-duality invariant effective actions at orders α', α'2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Razaghian, Hamid; Garousi, Mohammad R.

2018-02-01

We use compatibility of the D-dimensional effective actions for diagonal metric and for dilaton with the T-duality when theory is compactified on a circle, to find the D-dimensional couplings of curvatures and dilaton as well as the higher derivative corrections to the ( D - 1)-dimensional Buscher rules at orders α' and α'2. We observe that the T-duality constraint on the effective actions fixes the covariant effective actions at each order of α' up to field redefinitions and up to an overall factor. Inspired by these results, we speculate that the D-dimensional effective actions at any order of α' must be consistent with the standard Buscher rules provided that one uses covariant field redefinitions in the corresponding reduced ( D - 1)-dimensional effective actions. This constraint may be used to find effective actions at all higher orders of α'.

Brane surgery: energy conditions, traversable wormholes, and voids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barceló1, C.; Visser, M.

2000-09-01

Branes are ubiquitous elements of any low-energy limit of string theory. We point out that negative tension branes violate all the standard energy conditions of the higher-dimensional spacetime they are embedded in; this opens the door to very peculiar solutions of the higher-dimensional Einstein equations. Building upon the (/3+1)-dimensional implementation of fundamental string theory, we illustrate the possibilities by considering a toy model consisting of a (/2+1)-dimensional brane propagating through our observable (/3+1)-dimensional universe. Developing a notion of ``brane surgery'', based on the Israel-Lanczos-Sen ``thin shell'' formalism of general relativity, we analyze the dynamics and find traversable wormholes, closed baby universes, voids (holes in the spacetime manifold), and an evasion (not a violation) of both the singularity theorems and the positive mass theorem. These features appear generic to any brane model that permits negative tension branes: This includes the Randall-Sundrum models and their variants.

Numerical modelling of bedload sediment transport

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Langlois, Vincent J.

2010-05-01

We present a numerical study of sediment transport in the bedload regime. Classical bedload transport laws only describe the variation of the vertically integrated flux of grains as a function of the Shields number. However, these relations are only valid if the moving layer of the bed is at equilibrium with the external flow. Besides, they do not contain enough information for many geomorphological applications. For instance, understanding inertial effects in the moving bed requires models that are able to account for the variability of hydrodynamical conditions, and the discrete nature of the sediment material. We developped a numerical modelling of the behaviour of a three-dimensional bed of grains sheared by a unidirectional fluid flow. These simulations are based on a combination of discrete and continuum approaches: sediment particles are modelled by hard spheres interacting through simple contact forces, whereas the fluid flow is described by a 'mean field' model. Both the drag exerted on grains by the fluid and the retroactive effect of the presence of grains on the flow are accounted for, allowing the system to converge to its equilibrium state (no assumption is made on the fluid velocity profile inside the layer of moving grains). Above the motion threshold, the variation of the flux of grains in the steady state is found to vary like the cube of the Shields number (as predicted by Bagnold). Besides, our simulations allow us to obtain new insights into the detailed mechanisms of bedload transport, by giving access to non-integral quantities, such as the trajectories of each individual grains, the detailed velocity and packing fraction profiles inside the granular bed, etc. It is therefore possible to investigate some effects that are not accounted for in usual continuum models, such as the polydispersity of grains, the ageing of the bed, the response to a variation of the flowrate, etc.

Stationary table CT dosimetry and anomalous scanner-reported values of CTDI{sub vol}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dixon, Robert L., E-mail: rdixon@wfubmc.edu; Boone, John M.

2014-01-15

Purpose: Anomalous, scanner-reported values of CTDI{sub vol} for stationary phantom/table protocols (having elevated values of CTDI{sub vol} over 300% higher than the actual dose to the phantom) have been observed; which are well-beyond the typical accuracy expected of CTDI{sub vol} as a phantom dose. Recognition of these outliers as “bad data” is important to users of CT dose index tracking systems (e.g., ACR DIR), and a method for recognition and correction is provided. Methods: Rigorous methods and equations are presented which describe the dose distributions for stationary-table CT. A comparison with formulae for scanner-reported values of CTDI{sub vol} clearly identifiesmore » the source of these anomalies. Results: For the stationary table, use of the CTDI{sub 100} formula (applicable to a moving phantom only) overestimates the dose due to extra scatter and also includes an overbeaming correction, both of which are nonexistent when the phantom (or patient) is held stationary. The reported DLP remains robust for the stationary phantom. Conclusions: The CTDI-paradigm does not apply in the case of a stationary phantom and simpler nonintegral equations suffice. A method of correction of the currently reported CTDI{sub vol} using the approach-to-equilibrium formula H(a) and an overbeaming correction factor serves to scale the reported CTDI{sub vol} values to more accurate levels for stationary-table CT, as well as serving as an indicator in the detection of “bad data.”.« less

Flexible conceptual combination: Electrophysiological correlates and consequences for associative memory

PubMed Central

Lucas, Heather D.; Hubbard, Ryan J.; Federmeier, Kara D.

2017-01-01

When meaningful stimuli such as words are encountered in groups or pairs (e.g., “elephant-ferry”), they can be processed either separately or as an integrated concept (“an elephant ferry”). Prior research suggests that memory for integrated associations is supported by different mechanisms than is memory for nonintegrated associations. However, little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms that support the integration of novel stimulus pairs. We recorded ERPs while participants memorized sequentially presented, unrelated noun pairs using a strategy that either did or did not involve attempting to construct coherent definitions. We varied the concreteness of the first noun in each pair to examine whether conceptual combination instructions would induce compositional concreteness effects, or differences in ERPs evoked by the second noun as a function of the concreteness of the first noun. We found that the conceptual combination task, but not the noncombinatory encoding task, produced compositional concreteness effects on a late frontal negativity previously linked to visual imagery. Moreover, word pairs studied under conceptual combination instructions showed evidence of more unitized or holistic memory representations on associative recognition and free recall tests. Finally, item analyses indicated that (a) items with higher normed imageability ratings were rated by participants as easier to conceptually combine, and (b) in the conceptual combination task, ease-of-combination ratings mediated an indirect relationship between imageability and subsequent associative memory. These data are suggestive of a role of compositional imagery in the online formation of novel concepts via conceptual combination. PMID:28191647

Stochastic dynamics of extended objects in driven systems II: Current quantization in the low-temperature limit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Catanzaro, Michael J.; Chernyak, Vladimir Y.; Klein, John R.

2016-12-01

Driven Langevin processes have appeared in a variety of fields due to the relevance of natural phenomena having both deterministic and stochastic effects. The stochastic currents and fluxes in these systems provide a convenient set of observables to describe their non-equilibrium steady states. Here we consider stochastic motion of a (k - 1) -dimensional object, which sweeps out a k-dimensional trajectory, and gives rise to a higher k-dimensional current. By employing the low-temperature (low-noise) limit, we reduce the problem to a discrete Markov chain model on a CW complex, a topological construction which generalizes the notion of a graph. This reduction allows the mean fluxes and currents of the process to be expressed in terms of solutions to the discrete Supersymmetric Fokker-Planck (SFP) equation. Taking the adiabatic limit, we show that generic driving leads to rational quantization of the generated higher dimensional current. The latter is achieved by implementing the recently developed tools, coined the higher-dimensional Kirchhoff tree and co-tree theorems. This extends the study of motion of extended objects in the continuous setting performed in the prequel (Catanzaro et al.) to this manuscript.

Power-induced evolution and increased dimensionality of nonlinear modes in reorientational soft matter.

PubMed

Laudyn, Urszula A; Jung, Paweł S; Zegadło, Krzysztof B; Karpierz, Miroslaw A; Assanto, Gaetano

2014-11-15

We demonstrate the evolution of higher order one-dimensional guided modes into two-dimensional solitary waves in a reorientational medium. The observations, carried out at two different wavelengths in chiral nematic liquid crystals, are in good agreement with a simple nonlocal nonlinear model.

Naked singularities in higher dimensional Vaidya space-times

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ghosh, S. G.; Dadhich, Naresh

We investigate the end state of the gravitational collapse of a null fluid in higher-dimensional space-times. Both naked singularities and black holes are shown to be developing as the final outcome of the collapse. The naked singularity spectrum in a collapsing Vaidya region (4D) gets covered with the increase in dimensions and hence higher dimensions favor a black hole in comparison to a naked singularity. The cosmic censorship conjecture will be fully respected for a space of infinite dimension.

Calculation of compressible flow in and about three-dimensional inlets with and without auxiliary inlets by a higher-order panel method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hess, J. L.; Friedman, D. M.

1982-01-01

A three dimensional higher order panel method was specialized to the case of inlets with auxiliary inlets. The resulting program has a number of graphical input-output features to make it highly useful to the designer. The various aspects of the program are described instructions for its use are presented.

For numerical differentiation, dimensionality can be a blessing!

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anderssen, Robert S.; Hegland, Markus

Finite difference methods, such as the mid-point rule, have been applied successfully to the numerical solution of ordinary and partial differential equations. If such formulas are applied to observational data, in order to determine derivatives, the results can be disastrous. The reason for this is that measurement errors, and even rounding errors in computer approximations, are strongly amplified in the differentiation process, especially if small step-sizes are chosen and higher derivatives are required. A number of authors have examined the use of various forms of averaging which allows the stable computation of low order derivatives from observational data. The size of the averaging set acts like a regularization parameter and has to be chosen as a function of the grid size h. In this paper, it is initially shown how first (and higher) order single-variate numerical differentiation of higher dimensional observational data can be stabilized with a reduced loss of accuracy than occurs for the corresponding differentiation of one-dimensional data. The result is then extended to the multivariate differentiation of higher dimensional data. The nature of the trade-off between convergence and stability is explicitly characterized, and the complexity of various implementations is examined.

Integrability of spinning particle motion in higher-dimensional rotating black hole spacetimes.

PubMed

Kubizňák, David; Cariglia, Marco

2012-02-03

We study the motion of a classical spinning particle (with spin degrees of freedom described by a vector of Grassmann variables) in higher-dimensional general rotating black hole spacetimes with a cosmological constant. In all dimensions n we exhibit n bosonic functionally independent integrals of spinning particle motion, corresponding to explicit and hidden symmetries generated from the principal conformal Killing-Yano tensor. Moreover, we demonstrate that in 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-dimensional black hole spacetimes such integrals are in involution, proving the bosonic part of the motion integrable. We conjecture that the same conclusion remains valid in all higher dimensions. Our result generalizes the result of Page et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 061102 (2007)] on complete integrability of geodesic motion in these spacetimes.

Diffusion in higher dimensional SYK model with complex fermions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cai, Wenhe; Ge, Xian-Hui; Yang, Guo-Hong

2018-01-01

We construct a new higher dimensional SYK model with complex fermions on bipartite lattices. As an extension of the original zero-dimensional SYK model, we focus on the one-dimension case, and similar Hamiltonian can be obtained in higher dimensions. This model has a conserved U(1) fermion number Q and a conjugate chemical potential μ. We evaluate the thermal and charge diffusion constants via large q expansion at low temperature limit. The results show that the diffusivity depends on the ratio of free Majorana fermions to Majorana fermions with SYK interactions. The transport properties and the butterfly velocity are accordingly calculated at low temperature. The specific heat and the thermal conductivity are proportional to the temperature. The electrical resistivity also has a linear temperature dependence term.

The dynamical properties of a Rydberg hydrogen atom between two parallel metal surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Wei; Li, Hong-Yun; Yang, Shan-Ying; Lin, Sheng-Lu

2011-03-01

This paper presents the dynamical properties of a Rydberg hydrogen atom between two metal surfaces using phase space analysis methods. The dynamical behaviour of the excited hydrogen atom depends sensitively on the atom—surface distance d. There exists a critical atom—surface distance dc = 1586 a.u. When the atom—surface distance d is larger than the critical distance dc, the image charge potential is less important than the Coulomb potential, the system is near-integrable and the electron motion is regular. As the distance d decreases, the system will tend to be non-integrable and unstable, and the electron might be captured by the metal surfaces. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10774093) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. ZR2009FZ006).

Linking Science and Language Arts: A Review of the Literature Which Compares Integrated Versus Non-integrated Approaches

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bradbury, Leslie U.

2014-06-01

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature published during the last 20 years that investigates the impact of approaches that describe themselves as integrating science and language arts on student learning and/or attitude at the elementary level. The majority of papers report that integrated approaches led to greater student achievement in science and language arts across elementary grade levels. Additionally, integrated approaches facilitate improved attitudes toward both science and reading. The second section of the findings provides an overview of the types of pedagogical approaches used in the classrooms described in the studies. At all grade levels, teachers linked a variety of strategies including read-alouds, independent reading, at home reading, and writing in various genres that connected hands-on science activities to language arts skills.

Hidden symmetries for ellipsoid-solitonic deformations of Kerr-Sen black holes and quantum anomalies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vacaru, Sergiu I.

2013-02-01

We prove the existence of hidden symmetries in the general relativity theory defined by exact solutions with generic off-diagonal metrics, nonholonomic (non-integrable) constraints, and deformations of the frame and linear connection structure. A special role in characterization of such spacetimes is played by the corresponding nonholonomic generalizations of Stackel-Killing and Killing-Yano tensors. There are constructed new classes of black hole solutions and we study hidden symmetries for ellipsoidal and/or solitonic deformations of "prime" Kerr-Sen black holes into "target" off-diagonal metrics. In general, the classical conserved quantities (integrable and not-integrable) do not transfer to the quantized systems and produce quantum gravitational anomalies. We prove that such anomalies can be eliminated via corresponding nonholonomic deformations of fundamental geometric objects (connections and corresponding Riemannian and Ricci tensors) and by frame transforms.

Numerical Large Deviation Analysis of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoshizawa, Toru; Iyoda, Eiki; Sagawa, Takahiro

2018-05-01

A plausible mechanism of thermalization in isolated quantum systems is based on the strong version of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), which states that all the energy eigenstates in the microcanonical energy shell have thermal properties. We numerically investigate the ETH by focusing on the large deviation property, which directly evaluates the ratio of athermal energy eigenstates in the energy shell. As a consequence, we have systematically confirmed that the strong ETH is indeed true even for near-integrable systems. Furthermore, we found that the finite-size scaling of the ratio of athermal eigenstates is a double exponential for nonintegrable systems. Our result illuminates the universal behavior of quantum chaos, and suggests that a large deviation analysis would serve as a powerful method to investigate thermalization in the presence of the large finite-size effect.

Contact Line Dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kreiss, Gunilla; Holmgren, Hanna; Kronbichler, Martin; Ge, Anthony; Brant, Luca

2017-11-01

The conventional no-slip boundary condition leads to a non-integrable stress singularity at a moving contact line. This makes numerical simulations of two-phase flow challenging, especially when capillarity of the contact point is essential for the dynamics of the flow. We will describe a modeling methodology, which is suitable for numerical simulations, and present results from numerical computations. The methodology is based on combining a relation between the apparent contact angle and the contact line velocity, with the similarity solution for Stokes flow at a planar interface. The relation between angle and velocity can be determined by theoretical arguments, or from simulations using a more detailed model. In our approach we have used results from phase field simulations in a small domain, but using a molecular dynamics model should also be possible. In both cases more physics is included and the stress singularity is removed.

Wealth condensation in pareto macroeconomies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burda, Z.; Johnston, D.; Jurkiewicz, J.; Kamiński, M.; Nowak, M. A.; Papp, G.; Zahed, I.

2002-02-01

We discuss a Pareto macroeconomy (a) in a closed system with fixed total wealth and (b) in an open system with average mean wealth, and compare our results to a similar analysis in a super-open system (c) with unbounded wealth [J.-P. Bouchaud and M. Mézard, Physica A 282, 536 (2000)]. Wealth condensation takes place in the social phase for closed and open economies, while it occurs in the liberal phase for super-open economies. In the first two cases, the condensation is related to a mechanism known from the balls-in-boxes model, while in the last case, to the nonintegrable tails of the Pareto distribution. For a closed macroeconomy in the social phase, we point to the emergence of a ``corruption'' phenomenon: a sizeable fraction of the total wealth is always amassed by a single individual.

An Overview of a Trajectory-Based Solution for En Route and Terminal Area Self-Spacing: Seventh Revision

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbott, Terence S.

2015-01-01

This paper presents an overview of the seventh revision to an algorithm specifically designed to support NASA's Airborne Precision Spacing concept. This paper supersedes the previous documentation and presents a modification to the algorithm referred to as the Airborne Spacing for Terminal Arrival Routes version 13 (ASTAR13). This airborne self-spacing concept contains both trajectory-based and state-based mechanisms for calculating the speeds required to achieve or maintain a precise spacing interval. The trajectory-based capability allows for spacing operations prior to the aircraft being on a common path. This algorithm was also designed specifically to support a standalone, non-integrated implementation in the spacing aircraft. This current revision to the algorithm adds the state-based capability in support of evolving industry standards relating to airborne self-spacing.

An Overview of a Trajectory-Based Solution for En Route and Terminal Area Self-Spacing: Eighth Revision

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbott, Terence S.; Swieringa, Kurt S.

2017-01-01

This paper presents an overview of the eighth revision to an algorithm specifically designed to support NASA's Airborne Precision Spacing concept. This paper supersedes the previous documentation and presents a modification to the algorithm referred to as the Airborne Spacing for Terminal Arrival Routes version 13 (ASTAR13). This airborne self-spacing concept contains both trajectory-based and state-based mechanisms for calculating the speeds required to achieve or maintain a precise spacing interval with another aircraft. The trajectory-based capability allows for spacing operations prior to the aircraft being on a common path. This algorithm was also designed specifically to support a standalone, non-integrated implementation in the spacing aircraft. This current revision to the algorithm supports the evolving industry standards relating to airborne self-spacing.

Nitrosonium-catalyzed decomposition of s-nitrosothiols in solution: a theoretical and experimental study.

PubMed

Zhao, Yi-Lei; McCarren, Patrick R; Houk, K N; Choi, Bo Yoon; Toone, Eric J

2005-08-10

The decomposition of S-nitrosothiols (RSNO) in solution under oxidative conditions is significantly faster than can be accounted for by homolysis of the S-N bond. Here we propose a cationic chain mechanism in which nitrosation of nitrosothiol produces a nitrosated cation that, in turn, reacts with a second nitrosothiol to produce nitrosated disulfide and the NO dimer. The nitrosated disulfide acts as a source of nitrosonium for nitrosothiol nitrosation, completing the catalytic cycle. The mechanism accounts for several unexplained facets of nitrosothiol chemistry in solution, including the observation that the decomposition of an RSNO is accelerated by O(2), mixtures of O(2) and NO, and other oxidants, that decomposition is inhibited by thiols and other antioxidants, that decomposition is dependent on sulfur substitution, and that decomposition often shows nonintegral kinetic orders.

Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors for liver-directed gene therapy

PubMed Central

Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola; Ng, Philip

2011-01-01

Helper-dependent adenoviral (HDAd) vectors devoid of all viral-coding sequences are promising non-integrating vectors for liver-directed gene therapy because they have a large cloning capacity, can efficiently transduce a wide variety of cell types from various species independent of the cell cycle and can result in long-term transgene expression without chronic toxicity. The main obstacle preventing clinical applications of HDAd for liver-directed gene therapy is the host innate inflammatory response against the vector capsid proteins that occurs shortly after intravascular vector administration resulting in acute toxicity, the severity of which is dependent on vector dose. Intense efforts have been focused on elucidating the factors involved in this acute response and various strategies have been investigated to improve the therapeutic index of HDAd vectors. These strategies have yielded encouraging results with the potential for clinical translation. PMID:21470977

Non-Integrated Information and Communication Technologies in the Kidney Transplantation Process in Brazil.

PubMed

Peres Penteado, Alissa; Fábio Maciel, Rafael; Erbs, João; Feijó Ortolani, Cristina Lucia; Aguiar Roza, Bartira; Torres Pisa, Ivan

2015-01-01

The entire kidney transplantation process in Brazil is defined through laws, decrees, ordinances, and resolutions, but there is no defined theoretical map describing this process. From this representation it's possible to perform analysis, such as the identification of bottlenecks and information and communication technologies (ICTs) that support this process. The aim of this study was to analyze and represent the kidney transplantation workflow using business process modeling notation (BPMN) and then to identify the ICTs involved in the process. This study was conducted in eight steps, including document analysis and professional evaluation. The results include the BPMN model of the kidney transplantation process in Brazil and the identification of ICTs. We discovered that there are great delays in the process due to there being many different ICTs involved, which can cause information to be poorly integrated.

Electric motor designs for attenuating torque disturbance in sensitive space mechanisms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marks, David B.; Fink, Richard A.

2003-09-01

When a motion control system introduces unwanted torque jitter and motion anomalies into sensitive space flight optical or positioning mechanisms, the pointing accuracy, positioning capability, or scanning resolution of the mission suffers. Special motion control technology must be employed to provide attenuation of the harmful torque disturbances. Brushless DC (BLDC) Motors with low torque disturbance characteristics have been successfully used on such notable missions as the Hubble Space Telescope when conventional approaches to motor design would not work. Motor designs for low disturbance mechanisms can include two and three phase sinusoidal BLDC motors, BLDC motors without iron teeth, and sometimes skewed or non-integral slot designs for motors commutated with Hall effect devices. The principal components of motor torque disturbance, successful BLDC motor designs for attenuating disturbances, and design trade-offs for optimum performance are examined.

Swinging Atwood Machine: Experimental and numerical results, and a theoretical study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pujol, O.; Pérez, J. P.; Ramis, J. P.; Simó, C.; Simon, S.; Weil, J. A.

2010-06-01

A Swinging Atwood Machine ( SAM) is built and some experimental results concerning its dynamic behaviour are presented. Experiments clearly show that pulleys play a role in the motion of the pendulum, since they can rotate and have non-negligible radii and masses. Equations of motion must therefore take into account the moment of inertia of the pulleys, as well as the winding of the rope around them. Their influence is compared to previous studies. A preliminary discussion of the role of dissipation is included. The theoretical behaviour of the system with pulleys is illustrated numerically, and the relevance of different parameters is highlighted. Finally, the integrability of the dynamic system is studied, the main result being that the machine with pulleys is non-integrable. The status of the results on integrability of the pulley-less machine is also recalled.

Multidimensionally encoded magnetic resonance imaging.

PubMed

Lin, Fa-Hsuan

2013-07-01

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) typically achieves spatial encoding by measuring the projection of a q-dimensional object over q-dimensional spatial bases created by linear spatial encoding magnetic fields (SEMs). Recently, imaging strategies using nonlinear SEMs have demonstrated potential advantages for reconstructing images with higher spatiotemporal resolution and reducing peripheral nerve stimulation. In practice, nonlinear SEMs and linear SEMs can be used jointly to further improve the image reconstruction performance. Here, we propose the multidimensionally encoded (MDE) MRI to map a q-dimensional object onto a p-dimensional encoding space where p > q. MDE MRI is a theoretical framework linking imaging strategies using linear and nonlinear SEMs. Using a system of eight surface SEM coils with an eight-channel radiofrequency coil array, we demonstrate the five-dimensional MDE MRI for a two-dimensional object as a further generalization of PatLoc imaging and O-space imaging. We also present a method of optimizing spatial bases in MDE MRI. Results show that MDE MRI with a higher dimensional encoding space can reconstruct images more efficiently and with a smaller reconstruction error when the k-space sampling distribution and the number of samples are controlled. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Signatures of extra dimensions in gravitational waves from black hole quasinormal modes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chakraborty, Sumanta; Chakravarti, Kabir; Bose, Sukanta; SenGupta, Soumitra

2018-05-01

In this work, we have derived the evolution equation for gravitational perturbation in four-dimensional spacetime in the presence of a spatial extra dimension. The evolution equation is derived by perturbing the effective gravitational field equations on the four-dimensional spacetime, which inherits nontrivial higher-dimensional effects. Note that this is different from the perturbation of the five-dimensional gravitational field equations that exist in the literature and possess quantitatively new features. The gravitational perturbation has further been decomposed into a purely four-dimensional part and another piece that depends on extra dimensions. The four-dimensional gravitational perturbation now admits massive propagating degrees of freedom, owing to the existence of higher dimensions. We have also studied the influence of these massive propagating modes on the quasinormal mode frequencies, signaling the higher-dimensional nature of the spacetime, and have contrasted these massive modes with the massless modes in general relativity. Surprisingly, it turns out that the massive modes experience damping much smaller than that of the massless modes in general relativity and may even dominate over and above the general relativity contribution if one observes the ringdown phase of a black hole merger event at sufficiently late times. Furthermore, the whole analytical framework has been supplemented by the fully numerical Cauchy evolution problem, as well. In this context, we have shown that, except for minute details, the overall features of the gravitational perturbations are captured both in the Cauchy evolution as well as in the analysis of quasinormal modes. The implications on observations of black holes with LIGO and proposed space missions such as LISA are also discussed.

Emergence of gravity, fermion, gauge and Chern-Simons fields during formation of N-dimensional manifolds from joining point-like ones

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sepehri, Alireza; Shoorvazi, Somayyeh

In this paper, we will consider the birth and evolution of fields during formation of N-dimensional manifolds from joining point-like ones. We will show that at the beginning, only there are point-like manifolds which some strings are attached to them. By joining these manifolds, 1-dimensional manifolds are appeared and gravity, fermion, and gauge fields are emerged. By coupling these manifolds, higher dimensional manifolds are produced and higher orders of fermion, gauge fields and gravity are emerged. By decaying N-dimensional manifold, two child manifolds and a Chern-Simons one are born and anomaly is emerged. The Chern-Simons manifold connects two child manifolds and leads to the energy transmission from the bulk to manifolds and their expansion. We show that F-gravity can be emerged during the formation of N-dimensional manifold from point-like manifolds. This type of F-gravity includes both type of fermionic and bosonic gravity. G-fields and also C-fields which are produced by fermionic strings produce extra energy and change the gravity.

Chapter 5. Hidden Symmetry and Exact Solutions in Einstein Gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yasui, Y.; Houri, T.

Conformal Killing-Yano tensors are introduced as ageneralization of Killing vectors. They describe symmetries of higher-dimensional rotating black holes. In particular, a rank-2 closed conformal Killing-Yano tensor generates the tower of both hidden symmetries and isometries. We review a classification of higher-dimensional spacetimes admitting such a tensor, and present exact solutions to the Einstein equations for these spacetimes.

Classical defects in higher-dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to nonlinear σ -models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prasetyo, Ilham; Ramadhan, Handhika S.

2017-09-01

We construct solutions of higher-dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to nonlinear σ -model with cosmological constant. The σ -model can be perceived as exterior configuration of a spontaneously-broken SO(D-1) global higher-codimensional "monopole". Here we allow the kinetic term of the σ -model to be noncanonical; in particular we specifically study a quadratic-power-law type. This is some possible higher-dimensional generalization of the Bariola-Vilenkin (BV) solutions with k-global monopole studied recently. The solutions can be perceived as the exterior solution of a black hole swallowing up noncanonical global defects. Even in the absence of comological constant its surrounding spacetime is asymptotically non-flat; it suffers from deficit solid angle. We discuss the corresponding horizons. For Λ >0 in 4 d there can exist three extremal conditions (the cold, ultracold, and Nariai black holes), while in higher-than-four dimensions the extremal black hole is only Nariai. For Λ <0 we only have black hole solutions with one horizon, save for the 4 d case where there can exist two horizons. We give constraints on the mass and the symmetry-breaking scale for the existence of all the extremal cases. In addition, we also obtain factorized solutions, whose topology is the direct product of two-dimensional spaces of constant curvature (M_2, dS_2, or AdS_2) with (D-2)-sphere. We study all possible factorized channels.

A two-dimensional lattice equation as an extension of the Heideman-Hogan recurrence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamiya, Ryo; Kanki, Masataka; Mase, Takafumi; Tokihiro, Tetsuji

2018-03-01

We consider a two dimensional extension of the so-called linearizable mappings. In particular, we start from the Heideman-Hogan recurrence, which is known as one of the linearizable Somos-like recurrences, and introduce one of its two dimensional extensions. The two dimensional lattice equation we present is linearizable in both directions, and has the Laurent and the coprimeness properties. Moreover, its reduction produces a generalized family of the Heideman-Hogan recurrence. Higher order examples of two dimensional linearizable lattice equations related to the Dana Scott recurrence are also discussed.

MHz gravitational waves from short-term anisotropic inflation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ito, Asuka; Soda, Jiro

2016-04-18

We reveal the universality of short-term anisotropic inflation. As a demonstration, we study inflation with an exponential type gauge kinetic function which is ubiquitous in models obtained by dimensional reduction from higher dimensional fundamental theory. It turns out that an anisotropic inflation universally takes place in the later stage of conventional inflation. Remarkably, we find that primordial gravitational waves with a peak amplitude around 10{sup −26}∼10{sup −27} are copiously produced in high-frequency bands 10 MHz∼100 MHz. If we could detect such gravitational waves in future, we would be able to probe higher dimensional fundamental theory.

Integrability of Spinning Particle Motion in Higher-Dimensional Rotating Black Hole Spacetimes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kubizňák, David; Cariglia, Marco

2012-02-01

We study the motion of a classical spinning particle (with spin degrees of freedom described by a vector of Grassmann variables) in higher-dimensional general rotating black hole spacetimes with a cosmological constant. In all dimensions n we exhibit n bosonic functionally independent integrals of spinning particle motion, corresponding to explicit and hidden symmetries generated from the principal conformal Killing-Yano tensor. Moreover, we demonstrate that in 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-dimensional black hole spacetimes such integrals are in involution, proving the bosonic part of the motion integrable. We conjecture that the same conclusion remains valid in all higher dimensions. Our result generalizes the result of Page et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 061102 (2007)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.98.061102] on complete integrability of geodesic motion in these spacetimes.

Black holes, hidden symmetries, and complete integrability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frolov, Valeri P.; Krtouš, Pavel; Kubizňák, David

2017-11-01

The study of higher-dimensional black holes is a subject which has recently attracted vast interest. Perhaps one of the most surprising discoveries is a realization that the properties of higher-dimensional black holes with the spherical horizon topology and described by the Kerr-NUT-(A)dS metrics are very similar to the properties of the well known four-dimensional Kerr metric. This remarkable result stems from the existence of a single object called the principal tensor. In our review we discuss explicit and hidden symmetries of higher-dimensional Kerr-NUT-(A)dS black hole spacetimes. We start with discussion of the Killing and Killing-Yano objects representing explicit and hidden symmetries. We demonstrate that the principal tensor can be used as a "seed object" which generates all these symmetries. It determines the form of the geometry, as well as guarantees its remarkable properties, such as special algebraic type of the spacetime, complete integrability of geodesic motion, and separability of the Hamilton-Jacobi, Klein-Gordon, and Dirac equations. The review also contains a discussion of different applications of the developed formalism and its possible generalizations.

Exploring Replica-Exchange Wang-Landau sampling in higher-dimensional parameter space

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Valentim, Alexandra; Rocha, Julio C. S.; Tsai, Shan-Ho

We considered a higher-dimensional extension for the replica-exchange Wang-Landau algorithm to perform a random walk in the energy and magnetization space of the two-dimensional Ising model. This hybrid scheme combines the advantages of Wang-Landau and Replica-Exchange algorithms, and the one-dimensional version of this approach has been shown to be very efficient and to scale well, up to several thousands of computing cores. This approach allows us to split the parameter space of the system to be simulated into several pieces and still perform a random walk over the entire parameter range, ensuring the ergodicity of the simulation. Previous work, inmore » which a similar scheme of parallel simulation was implemented without using replica exchange and with a different way to combine the result from the pieces, led to discontinuities in the final density of states over the entire range of parameters. From our simulations, it appears that the replica-exchange Wang-Landau algorithm is able to overcome this diculty, allowing exploration of higher parameter phase space by keeping track of the joint density of states.« less

Black holes, hidden symmetries, and complete integrability.

PubMed

Frolov, Valeri P; Krtouš, Pavel; Kubizňák, David

2017-01-01

The study of higher-dimensional black holes is a subject which has recently attracted vast interest. Perhaps one of the most surprising discoveries is a realization that the properties of higher-dimensional black holes with the spherical horizon topology and described by the Kerr-NUT-(A)dS metrics are very similar to the properties of the well known four-dimensional Kerr metric. This remarkable result stems from the existence of a single object called the principal tensor. In our review we discuss explicit and hidden symmetries of higher-dimensional Kerr-NUT-(A)dS black hole spacetimes. We start with discussion of the Killing and Killing-Yano objects representing explicit and hidden symmetries. We demonstrate that the principal tensor can be used as a "seed object" which generates all these symmetries. It determines the form of the geometry, as well as guarantees its remarkable properties, such as special algebraic type of the spacetime, complete integrability of geodesic motion, and separability of the Hamilton-Jacobi, Klein-Gordon, and Dirac equations. The review also contains a discussion of different applications of the developed formalism and its possible generalizations.

Hawking radiation spectra for scalar fields by a higher-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pappas, T.; Kanti, P.; Pappas, N.

2016-07-01

In this work, we study the propagation of scalar fields in the gravitational background of a higher-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole as well as on the projected-on-the-brane four-dimensional background. The scalar fields have also a nonminimal coupling to the corresponding, bulk or brane, scalar curvature. We perform a comprehensive study by deriving exact numerical results for the greybody factors, and study their profile in terms of particle and spacetime properties. We then proceed to derive the Hawking radiation spectra for a higher-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole, and we study both bulk and brane channels. We demonstrate that the nonminimal field coupling, which creates an effective mass term for the fields, suppresses the energy emission rates while the cosmological constant assumes a dual role. By computing the relative energy rates and the total emissivity ratio for bulk and brane emission, we demonstrate that the combined effect of a large number of extra dimensions and value of the field coupling gives to the bulk channel the clear domination in the bulk-brane energy balance.

The big bang as a higher-dimensional shock wave

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wesson, P. S.; Liu, H.; Seahra, S. S.

2000-06-01

We give an exact solution of the five-dimensional field equations which describes a shock wave moving in time and the extra (Kaluza-Klein) coordinate. The matter in four-dimensional spacetime is a cosmology with good physical properties. The solution suggests to us that the 4D big bang was a 5D shock wave.

Hamiltonian structures for systems of hyperbolic conservation laws

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Olver, Peter J.; Nutku, Yavuz

1988-07-01

The bi-Hamiltonian structure for a large class of one-dimensional hyberbolic systems of conservation laws in two field variables, including the equations of gas dynamics, shallow water waves, one-dimensional elastic media, and the Born-Infeld equation from nonlinear electrodynamics, is exhibited. For polytropic gas dynamics, these results lead to a quadri-Hamiltonian structure. New higher-order entropy-flux pairs (conservation laws) and higher-order symmetries are exhibited.

No static bubbling spacetimes in higher dimensional Einstein–Maxwell theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kunduri, Hari K.; Lucietti, James

2018-03-01

We prove that any asymptotically flat static spacetime in higher dimensional Einstein–Maxwell theory must have no magnetic field. This implies that there are no static soliton spacetimes and completes the classification of static non-extremal black holes in this theory. In particular, these results establish that there are no asymptotically flat static spacetimes with non-trivial topology, with or without a black hole, in Einstein–Maxwell theory.

Using Harry Potter to Bridge Higher Dimensionality in Mathematics and High-interest Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boerman-Cornell, William; Klanderman, David; Schut, Alexa

2017-01-01

The Harry Potter series is a favorite for out-of-school reading and has been used in school, largely as an object of study in language arts. Using a content analysis to highlight the ways in which J.K. Rowling's work could be used to teach higher dimensionality in math, the authors argues that the content is sufficient in such books to engage the…

Extra-dimensional models on the lattice

DOE PAGES

Knechtli, Francesco; Rinaldi, Enrico

2016-08-05

In this paper we summarize the ongoing effort to study extra-dimensional gauge theories with lattice simulations. In these models the Higgs field is identified with extra-dimensional components of the gauge field. The Higgs potential is generated by quantum corrections and is protected from divergences by the higher dimensional gauge symmetry. Dimensional reduction to four dimensions can occur through compactification or localization. Gauge-Higgs unification models are often studied using perturbation theory. Numerical lattice simulations are used to go beyond these perturbative expectations and to include nonperturbative effects. We describe the known perturbative predictions and their fate in the strongly-coupled regime formore » various extra-dimensional models.« less

Development of a Telemetry and Yield-Mapping System of Olive Harvester

PubMed Central

Castillo-Ruiz, Francisco J.; Pérez-Ruiz, Manuel; Blanco-Roldán, Gregorio L.; Gil-Ribes, Jesús A.; Agüera, Juan

2015-01-01

Sensors, communication systems and geo-reference units are required to achieve an optimized management of agricultural inputs with respect to the economic and environmental aspects of olive groves. In this study, three commercial olive harvesters were tracked during two harvesting seasons in Spain and Chile using remote and autonomous equipment that was developed to determine their time efficiency and effective based on canopy shaking for fruit detachment. These harvesters work in intensive/high-density (HD) and super-high-density (SHD) olive orchards. A GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) device was installed to track these harvesters. The GNSS receiver did not affect the driver’s work schedule. Time elements methodology was adapted to the remote data acquisition system. The effective field capacity and field efficiency were investigated. In addition, the field shape, row length, angle between headland alley and row, and row alley width were measured to determinate the optimum orchard design parameters value. The SHD olive harvester showed significant lower effective field capacity values when alley width was less than 4 m. In addition, a yield monitor was developed and installed on a traditional olive harvester to obtain a yield map from the harvested area. The hedge straddle harvester stood out for its highly effective field capacity; nevertheless, a higher field efficiency was provided by a non-integral lateral canopy shaker. All of the measured orchard parameters have influenced machinery yields, whether effective field capacity or field efficiency. A saving of 40% in effective field capacity was achieved with a reduction from 4 m or higher to 3.5 m in alley width for SHD olive harvester. A yield map was plotted using data that were acquired by a yield monitor, reflecting the yield gradient in spite of the larger differences between tree yields. PMID:25675283

Integration of priority population, health and nutrition interventions into health systems: systematic review.

PubMed

Atun, Rifat; de Jongh, Thyra E; Secci, Federica V; Ohiri, Kelechi; Adeyi, Olusoji; Car, Josip

2011-10-10

Objective of the study was to assess the effects of strategies to integrate targeted priority population, health and nutrition interventions into health systems on patient health outcomes and health system effectiveness and thus to compare integrated and non-integrated health programmes. Systematic review using Cochrane methodology of analysing randomised trials, controlled before-and-after and interrupted time series studies. We defined specific strategies to search PubMed, CENTRAL and the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group register, considered studies published from January 1998 until September 2008, and tracked references and citations. Two reviewers independently agreed on eligibility, with an additional arbiter as needed, and extracted information on outcomes: primary (improved health, financial protection, and user satisfaction) and secondary (improved population coverage, access to health services, efficiency, and quality) using standardised, pre-piloted forms. Two reviewers in the final stage of selection jointly assessed quality of all selected studies using the GRADE criteria. Of 8,274 citations identified 12 studies met inclusion criteria. Four studies compared the benefits of Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses in Tanzania and Bangladesh, showing improved care management and higher utilisation of health facilities at no additional cost. Eight studies focused on integrated delivery of mental health and substance abuse services in the United Kingdom and United States of America. Integrated service delivery resulted in better clinical outcomes and greater reduction of substance abuse in specific sub-groups of patients, with no significant difference found overall. Quality of care, patient satisfaction, and treatment engagement were higher in integrated delivery models. Targeted priority population health interventions we identified led to improved health outcomes, quality of care, patient satisfaction and access to care. Limited evidence with inconsistent findings across varied interventions in different settings means no general conclusions can be drawn on the benefits or disadvantages of integrated service delivery.

From Newton's Law to the Linear Boltzmann Equation Without Cut-Off

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ayi, Nathalie

2017-03-01

We provide a rigorous derivation of the linear Boltzmann equation without cut-off starting from a system of particles interacting via a potential with infinite range as the number of particles N goes to infinity under the Boltzmann-Grad scaling. More particularly, we will describe the motion of a tagged particle in a gas close to global equilibrium. The main difficulty in our context is that, due to the infinite range of the potential, a non-integrable singularity appears in the angular collision kernel, making no longer valid the single-use of Lanford's strategy. Our proof relies then on a combination of Lanford's strategy, of tools developed recently by Bodineau, Gallagher and Saint-Raymond to study the collision process, and of new duality arguments to study the additional terms associated with the long-range interaction, leading to some explicit weak estimates.

Stability: Conservation laws, Painlevé analysis and exact solutions for S-KP equation in coupled dusty plasma

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

EL-Kalaawy, O. H.; Moawad, S. M.; Wael, Shrouk

The propagation of nonlinear waves in unmagnetized strongly coupled dusty plasma with Boltzmann distributed electrons, iso-nonthermal distributed ions and negatively charged dust grains is considered. The basic set of fluid equations is reduced to the Schamel Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (S-KP) equation by using the reductive perturbation method. The variational principle and conservation laws of S-KP equation are obtained. It is shown that the S-KP equation is non-integrable using Painlevé analysis. A set of new exact solutions are obtained by auto-Bäcklund transformations. The stability analysis is discussed for the existence of dust acoustic solitary waves (DASWs) and it is found that the physical parameters have strong effects on the stability criterion. In additional to, the electric field and the true Mach number of this solution are investigated. Finally, we will study the physical meanings of solutions.

Infinite coherence time of edge spins in finite-length chains

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maceira, Ivo A.; Mila, Frédéric

2018-02-01

Motivated by the recent observation that exponentially long coherence times can be achieved for edge spins in models with strong zero modes, we study the impact of level crossings in finite-length spin chains on the dynamics of the edge spins. Focusing on the X Y spin-1 /2 chain with a transverse or longitudinal magnetic field, two models relevant to understanding recent experimental results on cobalt adatoms, we show that the edge spins can remain coherent for an infinite time even for a finite-length chain if the magnetic field is tuned to a value at which there is a level crossing. Furthermore, we show that the edge spins remain coherent for any initial state for the integrable case of a transverse field because all states have level crossings at the same value of the field, while the coherence time is increasingly large for lower temperatures in the case of a longitudinal field, which is nonintegrable.

Body self. Development, psychopathologies, and psychoanalytic significance.

PubMed

Krueger, D W

2001-01-01

Ego development or, more broadly, the sense of self has at its core a cohesive, distinct, and accurate body self. Compromise of body self development as a result of early overstimulation, empathic unavailability or nonresponse of the caretaker, and inconsistency or selectivity of response can lead to specific developmental arrests, including body-image distortions, nonintegration of body self and psychological self, and difficulties in the regulation of tension states and affect. The individual may then attempt to repair those disrupted developmental needs by such symptomatic expressions as eating disorders, compulsive exercise, substance abuse, and the creation of physical danger, as a step toward integration of mind and body as well as a defensive antidote to painful affect. In the psychoanalytic treatment of these patients, the need for the analyst's attunement to the patient's development of body self as well as psychological self development is illustrated by clinical vignettes of the enactments and attempted restitution of specific developmental trauma.

Experimentally observed evolution between dynamic patterns and intrinsic localized modes in a driven nonlinear electrical cyclic lattice

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shige, S.; Miyasaka, K.; Shi, W.; Soga, Y.; Sato, M.; Sievers, A. J.

2018-02-01

Locked intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) and large amplitude lattice spatial modes (LSMs) have been experimentally measured for a driven 1-D nonlinear cyclic electric transmission line, where the nonlinear element is a saturable capacitor. Depending on the number of cells and electrical lattice damping an LSM of fixed shape can be tuned across the modal spectrum. Interestingly, by tuning the driver frequency away from this spectrum the LSM can be continuously converted into ILMs and vice versa. The differences in pattern formation between simulations and experimental findings are due to a low concentration of impurities. Through this novel nonlinear excitation and switching channel in cyclic lattices either energy balanced or unbalanced LSMs and ILMs may occur. Because of the general nature of these dynamical results for nonintegrable lattices applications are to be expected. The ultimate stability of driven aero machinery containing nonlinear periodic structures may be one example.

A comparison of non-integrating reprogramming methods

PubMed Central

Schlaeger, Thorsten M; Daheron, Laurence; Brickler, Thomas R; Entwisle, Samuel; Chan, Karrie; Cianci, Amelia; DeVine, Alexander; Ettenger, Andrew; Fitzgerald, Kelly; Godfrey, Michelle; Gupta, Dipti; McPherson, Jade; Malwadkar, Prerana; Gupta, Manav; Bell, Blair; Doi, Akiko; Jung, Namyoung; Li, Xin; Lynes, Maureen S; Brookes, Emily; Cherry, Anne B C; Demirbas, Didem; Tsankov, Alexander M; Zon, Leonard I; Rubin, Lee L; Feinberg, Andrew P; Meissner, Alexander; Cowan, Chad A; Daley, George Q

2015-01-01

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs1–3) are useful in disease modeling and drug discovery, and they promise to provide a new generation of cell-based therapeutics. To date there has been no systematic evaluation of the most widely used techniques for generating integration-free hiPSCs. Here we compare Sendai-viral (SeV)4, episomal (Epi)5 and mRNA transfection mRNA6 methods using a number of criteria. All methods generated high-quality hiPSCs, but significant differences existed in aneuploidy rates, reprogramming efficiency, reliability and workload. We discuss the advantages and shortcomings of each approach, and present and review the results of a survey of a large number of human reprogramming laboratories on their independent experiences and preferences. Our analysis provides a valuable resource to inform the use of specific reprogramming methods for different laboratories and different applications, including clinical translation. PMID:25437882

Chaos in quantum channels

DOE PAGES

Hosur, Pavan; Qi, Xiao-Liang; Roberts, Daniel A.; ...

2016-02-01

For this research, we study chaos and scrambling in unitary channels by considering their entanglement properties as states. Using out-of-time-order correlation functions to diagnose chaos, we characterize the ability of a channel to process quantum information. We show that the generic decay of such correlators implies that any input subsystem must have near vanishing mutual information with almost all partitions of the output. Additionally, we propose the negativity of the tripartite information of the channel as a general diagnostic of scrambling. This measures the delocalization of information and is closely related to the decay of out-of-time-order correlators. We back upmore » our results with numerics in two non-integrable models and analytic results in a perfect tensor network model of chaotic time evolution. In conclusion, these results show that the butterfly effect in quantum systems implies the information-theoretic definition of scrambling.« less

Controlling dynamical quantum phase transitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kennes, D. M.; Schuricht, D.; Karrasch, C.

2018-05-01

We study the dynamics arising from a double quantum quench where the parameters of a given Hamiltonian are abruptly changed from being in an equilibrium phase A to a different phase B and back (A →B →A ). As prototype models, we consider the (integrable) transverse Ising field as well as the (nonintegrable) ANNNI model. The return amplitude features nonanalyticities after the first quench through the equilibrium quantum critical point (A →B ), which is routinely taken as a signature of passing through a so-called dynamical quantum phase transition. We demonstrate that nonanalyticities after the second quench (B →A ) can be avoided and reestablished in a recurring manner upon increasing the time T spent in phase B. The system retains an infinite memory of its past state, and one has the intriguing opportunity to control at will whether or not dynamical quantum phase transitions appear after the second quench.

Turbine blade and non-integral platform with pin attachment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Campbell, Christian X; Eng, Darryl; Marra, John J

Platforms (36, 38) span between turbine blades (23, 24, 25) on a disk (32). Each platform may be individually mounted to the disk by a pin attachment (42). Each platform (36) may have a rotationally rearward edge portion (50) that underlies a forward portion (45) of the adjacent platform (38). This limits centrifugal bending of the rearward portion of the platform, and provides coolant sealing. The rotationally forward edge (44A, 44B) of the platform overlies a seal element (51) on the pressure side (28) of the forwardly adjacent blade, and does not underlie a shelf on that blade. The pinmore » attachment allows radial mounting of each platform onto the disk via tilting (60) of the platform during mounting to provide mounting clearance for the rotationally rearward edge portion (50). This facilitates quick platform replacement without blade removal.« less

Release of the gPhoton Database of GALEX Photon Events

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fleming, Scott W.; Million, Chase; Shiao, Bernie; Tucker, Michael; Loyd, R. O. Parke

2016-01-01

The GALEX spacecraft surveyed much of the sky in two ultraviolet bands between 2003 and 2013 with non-integrating microchannel plate detectors. The Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) has made more than one trillion photon events observed by the spacecraft available, stored as a 130 TB database, along with an open-source, python-based software package to query this database and create calibrated lightcurves or images from these data at user-defined spatial and temporal scales. In particular, MAST users can now conduct photometry at the intra-visit level (timescales of seconds and minutes). The software, along with the fully populated database, was officially released in Aug. 2015, and improvements to both software functionality and data calibration are ongoing. We summarize the current calibration status of the gPhoton software, along with examples of early science enabled by gPhoton that include stellar flares, AGN, white dwarfs, exoplanet hosts, novae, and nearby galaxies.

An Overview of a Trajectory-Based Solution for En Route and Terminal Area Self-Spacing: Fifth Edition

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbott, Terence S.

2015-01-01

This paper presents an overview of the fifth revision to an algorithm specifically designed to support NASA's Airborne Precision Spacing concept. This algorithm is referred to as the Airborne Spacing for Terminal Arrival Routes version 12 (ASTAR12). This airborne self-spacing concept is trajectory-based, allowing for spacing operations prior to the aircraft being on a common path. Because this algorithm is trajectory-based, it also has the inherent ability to support required-time-of- arrival (RTA) operations. This algorithm was also designed specifically to support a standalone, non-integrated implementation in the spacing aircraft. This current revision to the algorithm includes a ground speed feedback term to compensate for slower than expected traffic aircraft speeds based on the accepted air traffic control tendency to slow aircraft below the nominal arrival speeds when they are farther from the airport.

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis in constrained Hilbert spaces: A case study in non-Abelian anyon chains

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chandran, A.; Schulz, Marc D.; Burnell, F. J.

2016-12-01

Many phases of matter, including superconductors, fractional quantum Hall fluids, and spin liquids, are described by gauge theories with constrained Hilbert spaces. However, thermalization and the applicability of quantum statistical mechanics has primarily been studied in unconstrained Hilbert spaces. In this paper, we investigate whether constrained Hilbert spaces permit local thermalization. Specifically, we explore whether the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) holds in a pinned Fibonacci anyon chain, which serves as a representative case study. We first establish that the constrained Hilbert space admits a notion of locality by showing that the influence of a measurement decays exponentially in space. This suggests that the constraints are no impediment to thermalization. We then provide numerical evidence that ETH holds for the diagonal and off-diagonal matrix elements of various local observables in a generic disorder-free nonintegrable model. We also find that certain nonlocal observables obey ETH.

Awareness is relative: dissociation as the organisation of meaning.

PubMed

Lesley, Joan

2006-09-01

This essay discusses how the organisation of mental material within the cognitive system can influence consciousness and awareness, and presents a theory of dissociation based on the premise that awareness is relative, contingent on the activated representation of the ongoing event being linked to the activated self-representation. It allows four possible variations of integration: (i) non-integrated experience--perceptions about an object/event are either not perceived or they remain at the sensory level: traditional dissociative states, amnesia, depersonalisation etc; (ii) variably integrated experience--activation of information of a specific valence about an object blocks activation of information of contrasting valence: splitting; (iii) alternatively integrated experience--experience is integrated into a specific, limited active self-representation: fugue and multiple identity states; (iv) dis-integrated experience-the ongoing experience of innate drives and needs is no longer consistently activated in the core self-representation: repression and isolation.

Second generation codon optimized minicircle (CoMiC) for nonviral reprogramming of human adult fibroblasts.

PubMed

Diecke, Sebastian; Lisowski, Leszek; Kooreman, Nigel G; Wu, Joseph C

2014-01-01

The ability to induce pluripotency in somatic cells is one of the most important scientific achievements in the fields of stem cell research and regenerative medicine. This technique allows researchers to obtain pluripotent stem cells without the controversial use of embryos, providing a novel and powerful tool for disease modeling and drug screening approaches. However, using viruses for the delivery of reprogramming genes and transcription factors may result in integration into the host genome and cause random mutations within the target cell, thus limiting the use of these cells for downstream applications. To overcome this limitation, various non-integrating techniques, including Sendai virus, mRNA, minicircle, and plasmid-based methods, have recently been developed. Utilizing a newly developed codon optimized 4-in-1 minicircle (CoMiC), we were able to reprogram human adult fibroblasts using chemically defined media and without the need for feeder cells.

Turbine blade and non-integral platform with pin attachment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Campbell, Christian Xavier; Eng, Darryl; Marra, John J.

2016-08-02

Platforms (36, 38) span between turbine blades (23, 24, 25) on a disk (32). Each platform may be individually mounted to the disk by a pin attachment (42). Each platform (36) may have a rotationally rearward edge portion (50) that underlies a forward portion (45) of the adjacent platform (38). This limits centrifugal bending of the rearward portion of the platform, and provides coolant sealing. The rotationally forward edge (44A, 44B) of the platform overlies a seal element (51) on the pressure side (28) of the forwardly adjacent blade, and does not underlie a shelf on that blade. The pinmore » attachment allows radial mounting of each platform onto the disk via tilting (60) of the platform during mounting to provide mounting clearance for the rotationally rearward edge portion (50). This facilitates quick platform replacement without blade removal.« less

All-optical simultaneous multichannel quadrature phase shift keying signal regeneration based on phase-sensitive amplification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Hongxiang; Wang, Qi; Bai, Lin; Ji, Yuefeng

2018-01-01

A scheme is proposed to realize the all-optical phase regeneration of four-channel quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signal based on phase-sensitive amplification. By utilizing conjugate pump and common pump in a highly nonlinear optical fiber, degenerate four-wave mixing process is observed, and QPSK signals are regenerated. The number of waves is reduced to decrease the cross talk caused by undesired nonlinear interaction during the coherent superposition process. In addition, to avoid the effect of overlapping frequency, frequency spans between pumps and signals are set to be nonintegral multiples. Optical signal-to-noise ratio improvement is validated by bit error rate measurements. Compared with single-channel regeneration, multichannel regeneration brings 0.4-dB OSNR penalty when the value of BER is 10-3, which shows the cross talk in regeneration process is negligible.

Phobias of attachment-related inner states in the psychotherapy of adult survivors of childhood complex trauma.

PubMed

Liotti, Giovanni

2013-11-01

The clinical case described in this article illustrates the value of taking into account the dynamics of disorganized attachment in the assessment of attachment-related phobias (phobia of attachment and phobia of attachment loss) during the psychotherapy of chronically traumatized patients. These seemingly opposite phobias typically coexist in the same patient, appear as phobias of both inner states (affect phobias) and relational experiences, and are linked to dissociated representations of self-with-other. Theory and research on attachment disorganization provide a clinician-friendly conceptual framework for capturing both the intrapsychic (e.g., intrusive and nonintegrated mental states) and the relational (e.g., dramatic unsolvable dilemmas in interpersonal exchanges) aspects of the attachment-related phobias. The therapeutic strategy and the key interventions that logically follow from a case formulation based on this conceptual framework are examined. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Heating in Integrable Time-Periodic Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ishii, Takashi; Kuwahara, Tomotaka; Mori, Takashi; Hatano, Naomichi

2018-06-01

We investigate a heating phenomenon in periodically driven integrable systems that can be mapped to free-fermion models. We find that heating to the high-temperature state, which is a typical scenario in nonintegrable systems, can also appear in integrable time-periodic systems; the amount of energy absorption rises drastically near a frequency threshold where the Floquet-Magnus expansion diverges. As the driving period increases, we also observe that the effective temperatures of the generalized Gibbs ensemble for conserved quantities go to infinity. By the use of the scaling analysis, we reveal that, in the limit of infinite system size and driving period, the steady state after a long time is equivalent to the infinite-temperature state. We obtain the asymptotic behavior L-1 and T-2 as to how the steady state approaches the infinite-temperature state as the system size L and the driving period T increase.

Pythagoras's theorem on a two-dimensional lattice from a `natural' Dirac operator and Connes's distance formula

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dai, Jian; Song, Xing-Chang

2001-07-01

One of the key ingredients of Connes's noncommutative geometry is a generalized Dirac operator which induces a metric (Connes's distance) on the pure state space. We generalize such a Dirac operator devised by Dimakis et al, whose Connes distance recovers the linear distance on an one-dimensional lattice, to the two-dimensional case. This Dirac operator has the local eigenvalue property and induces a Euclidean distance on this two-dimensional lattice, which is referred to as `natural'. This kind of Dirac operator can be easily generalized into any higher-dimensional lattices.

General Wahlquist metrics in all dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hinoue, Kazuki; Houri, Tsuyoshi; Rugina, Christina; Yasui, Yukinori

2014-07-01

It is shown that the Wahlquist metric, which is a stationary, axially symmetric perfect fluid solution with ρ +3p=const, admits a rank-2 generalized closed conformal Killing-Yano tensor with a skew-symmetric torsion. Taking advantage of the presence of such a tensor, we obtain a higher-dimensional generalization of the Wahlquist metric in arbitrary dimensions, including a family of vacuum black hole solutions with spherical horizon topology such as Schwarzschild-Tangherlini, Myers-Perry and higher-dimensional Kerr-NUT-(A)dS metrics and a family of static, spherically symmetric perfect fluid solutions in higher dimensions.

Topographic measurements of eyelids and orbit in enucleated eyes with hydroxyapatite integrated implant versus PMMA implant.

PubMed

Gradinaru, S; Totir, M; Iancu, R; Leasu, C; Pricopie, S; Yasin, S; Ciuluvica, R; Ungureanu, E

2014-01-01

This study reports our results relating to palpebral eyelid fissure and orbital measurements following evisceration with orbital implantation of hydroxyapatite integrated implant and PMMA implant. This study is a prospective study of 43 patients that underwent evisceration for different ocular affections at University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Ophthalmology department between January 2009 and September 2010 (Group A comprising of twenty patients had the coralline hydroxyapatite implant -Integrated Ocular Implants, USA and Group B comprising of twenty-three received non-integrated PMMA ocular implants) .The outcomes measured were the degree of exo /enophthalmos, horizontal eyelid fissure and palpebral fissure height at 4 years after surgical intervention related to measurement to the contralateral eye. Horizontal eyelid fissure (HEF) was suffering a shortening of 7.4% in the group B versus the contralateral eye, and only 1.9% in the group A related to the contralateral eye. Eyelid fissure height was greater in the group B with 5.2% regarding the contralateral eye, and 1.2% in group A. The degree of enophthalmia was higher in the group B of 4 mm versus the contralateral eye and lower in group A 1.5 mm regarding the contralateral eye. . Although a hydroxyapatite implant may be not as economic as a PMMA implant, a patient must be warned about the effect on its ocular structures in time and that cosmetic appearance over years will change more dramatically than in the fellow normal eye. Therefore preoperative counseling of the patient is crucial in long term patient satisfaction.

Mineralogy of iron sulfides in CM1 and CI1 lithologies of the Kaidun breccia: Records of extreme to intense hydrothermal alteration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harries, Dennis; Zolensky, Michael E.

2016-06-01

The polymict Kaidun microbreccia contains lithologies of C-type chondrites with euhedral iron sulfide crystals of hydrothermal origin. Our FIB-TEM study reveals that acicular sulfides in a CM1 lithology are composed of Fe-rich pyrrhotite with nonintegral vacancy superstructures (NC-pyrrhotite), troilite, and pentlandite, all showing distinct exsolution textures. Based on phase relations in the Fe-Ni-S system, we constrain the temperature of formation of the originally homogeneous monosulfide solid solution to the range of 100-300 °C. In some crystals the exsolution of pentlandite and the microtextural equilibration was incomplete, probably due to rapid cooling. We use thermodynamic modeling to constrain the physicochemical conditions of the extreme hydrothermal alteration in this lithology. Unless the CM1 lithology was sourced from a large depth in the parent body (internal pressure >85 bar) or the temperatures were in the lower range of the interval determined, the water was likely present as vapor. Previously described light δ34S compositions of sulfides in Kaidun's CM1 lithology are likely due to the loss of 34S-enriched H2S during boiling. Platy sulfide crystals in an adjacent, intensely altered CI1 lithology are composed of Fe-poor, monoclinic 4C-pyrrhotite and NC-pyrrhotite and probably formed at lower temperatures and higher fS2 relative to the CM1 lithology. However, a better understanding of the stability of Fe-poor pyrrhotites at temperatures below 300 °C is required to better constrain these conditions.

Naturally occurring minichromosome platforms in chromosome engineering: an overview.

PubMed

Raimondi, Elena

2011-01-01

Artificially modified chromosome vectors are non-integrating gene delivery platforms that can shuttle very large DNA fragments in various recipient cells: theoretically, no size limit exists for the chromosome segments that an engineered minichromosome can accommodate. Therefore, genetically manipulated chromosomes might be potentially ideal vector systems, especially when the complexity of higher eukaryotic genes is concerned. This review focuses on those chromosome vectors generated using spontaneously occurring small markers as starting material. The definition and manipulation of the centromere domain is one of the main obstacles in chromosome engineering: naturally occurring minichromosomes, due to their inherent small size, were helpful in defining some aspects of centromere function. In addition, several distinctive features of small marker chromosomes, like their appearance as supernumerary elements in otherwise normal karyotypes, have been successfully exploited to use them as gene delivery vectors. The key technologies employed for minichromosome engineering are: size reduction, gene targeting, and vector delivery in various recipient cells. In spite of the significant advances that have been recently achieved in all these fields, several unsolved problems limit the potential of artificially modified chromosomes. Still, these vector systems have been exploited in a number of applications where the investigation of the controlled expression of large DNA segments is needed. A typical example is the analysis of genes whose expression strictly depends on the chromosomal environment in which they are positioned, where engineered chromosomes can be envisaged as epigenetically regulated expression systems. A novel and exciting advance concerns the use of engineered minichromosomes to study the organization and dynamics of local chromatin structures.

Integrated STEM in secondary education: A case study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De Meester, Jolien; Knipprath, Heidi; Thielemans, Jan; De Cock, Mieke; Langie, Greet; Dehaene, Wim

2016-05-01

Despite many opportunities to study STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics) in Flemish secondary education, only a minority of pupils are actually pursuing STEM fields in higher education and jobs. One reason could be that they do not see the relevance of science and mathematics. In order to draw their pupils' interest in STEM, a Belgian school started a brand new initiative: the school set up and implemented a first year course that integrates various STEM disciplines, hoping to provide an answer to the question pupils often ask themselves about the need to study math and science. The integrated curriculum was developed by the school's teachers and a STEM education research group of the University of Leuven. To examine the pupils' attitude towards STEM and STEM professions and their notion of relevance of STEM at the end of this one-year course, a post-test was administered to the group of pupils who attended the integrated STEM course (the experimental group) and to a group of pupils that took traditional, non-integrated STEM courses (the control group). The results reveal that attending the integrated STEM course is significantly related to pupils' interest in STEM and notion of relevance of STEM. Another post-test was administered only to the experimental group to investigate pupils' understanding of math and physics concepts and their relation when taught in an integrated way. The results reveal that the pupils have some conceptual understanding and can, to a certain extent, make a transfer of concepts across different STEM disciplines. However, the test results did point out that some additional introductory training in pure math context is needed.

Symmetry reduction and exact solutions of two higher-dimensional nonlinear evolution equations.

PubMed

Gu, Yongyi; Qi, Jianming

2017-01-01

In this paper, symmetries and symmetry reduction of two higher-dimensional nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) are obtained by Lie group method. These NLEEs play an important role in nonlinear sciences. We derive exact solutions to these NLEEs via the [Formula: see text]-expansion method and complex method. Five types of explicit function solutions are constructed, which are rational, exponential, trigonometric, hyperbolic and elliptic function solutions of the variables in the considered equations.

Higher dimensional strange quark matter solutions in self creation cosmology

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Şen, R., E-mail: ramazansen-1991@hotmail.com; Aygün, S., E-mail: saygun@comu.edu.tr

In this study, we have generalized the higher dimensional flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe solutions for a cloud of string with perfect fluid attached strange quark matter (SQM) in Self Creation Cosmology (SCC). We have obtained that the cloud of string with perfect fluid does not survive and the string tension density vanishes for this model. However, we get dark energy model for strange quark matter with positive density and negative pressure in self creation cosmology.

Comparison of Two Methods for the Measurement of Medial and Lateral Metapodial Bones in Karagouniko Sheep (Ovis aries, L. 1758) and Hellenic Goat (Capra hircus, L. 1758)

PubMed Central

Pourlis, Aris; Chatzis, Theodoros; Katsoulos, Panagiotis

2014-01-01

The objective of this study was to compare the metapodial lengths of sheep and goats measured with a caliper with those measured using a 2-dimensional digital method. Complementarily, the lengths of medial and lateral metapodials in these species were compared. The limbs of 30 ewes and 30 goats were used. After preparation, the lateral and medial length of the metacarpals and metatarsals were measured twice with a caliper. Afterwards, each bone was scanned and the same lengths were digitally measured twice using commercial software. Data analysis revealed strong linear relationship between the two methods but the absolute relative deviation of the measurements with the caliper was significantly higher than those with the 2-dimensional method (P < 0.05). All lengths measured with the caliper were significantly higher compared to those measured with the 2-dimensional method (P < 0.05). In goats, the lateral length of both metacarpals and metatarsals was significantly higher than medial length (P < 0.05); in sheep the lateral length was significantly higher compared to the medial one only in metatarsal bones (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the 2-dimensional method is more accurate for the measurement of the metapodials' length than the caliper and there is asymmetry between the medial and lateral metapodials in these species. PMID:25530882

Relating renormalizability of D-dimensional higher-order electromagnetic and gravitational models to the classical potential at the origin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Accioly, Antonio; Correia, Gilson; de Brito, Gustavo P.; de Almeida, José; Herdy, Wallace

2017-03-01

Simple prescriptions for computing the D-dimensional classical potential related to electromagnetic and gravitational models, based on the functional generator, are built out. These recipes are employed afterward as a support for probing the premise that renormalizable higher-order systems have a finite classical potential at the origin. It is also shown that the opposite of the conjecture above is not true. In other words, if a higher-order model is renormalizable, it is necessarily endowed with a finite classical potential at the origin, but the reverse of this statement is untrue. The systems used to check the conjecture were D-dimensional fourth-order Lee-Wick electrodynamics, and the D-dimensional fourth- and sixth-order gravity models. A special attention is devoted to New Massive Gravity (NMG) since it was the analysis of this model that inspired our surmise. In particular, we made use of our premise to resolve trivially the issue of the renormalizability of NMG, which was initially considered to be renormalizable, but it was shown some years later to be non-renormalizable. We remark that our analysis is restricted to local models in which the propagator has simple and real poles.

Bianchi's Bäcklund transformation for higher dimensional quadrics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dincă, Ion I.

2016-12-01

We provide a generalization of Bianchi's Bäcklund transformation from 2-dimensional quadrics to higher dimensional quadrics (which is also a generalization of Tenenblat-Terng's Bäcklund transformation of isometric deformations of Hn(R) in R 2 n - 1 to general quadrics). Our investigation is the higher dimensional version of Bianchi's main three theorems on the theory of isometric deformations of quadrics and Bianchi's treatment of the Bäcklund transformation for diagonal paraboloids via conjugate systems. It became the driving force which led to the flourishing of the classical differential geometry in the second half of the XIX th century and its profound study by illustrious geometers led to interesting results. Today it is still an open problem in its full generality, but basic familiar results like the Gauß-Bonnet fundamental theorem of surfaces and the Codazzi-Mainardi equations (independently discovered also by Peterson) were first communicated to the French Academy of Sciences. A list (most likely incomplete) of the winners of the prize includes Bianchi, Bonnet, Guichard, Weingarten.Up to 1899 isometric deformations of the (pseudo-)sphere and isotropic quadrics without center (from a metric point of view they can be considered as metrically degenerate quadrics without center) together with their Bäcklund transformation and the complementary transformation of isometric deformations of surfaces of revolution were investigated by geometers such as Bäcklund, Bianchi, Bonnet, Darboux, Goursat, Hazzidakis, Lie, Weingarten, etc.In 1899 Guichard discovered that when quadrics with(out) center and of revolution around the focal axis roll on their isometric deformations their foci describe constant mean curvature (minimal) surfaces (and Bianchi proved the converse: all constant mean curvature (minimal) surfaces can be realized in this way).With Guichard's result the race to find the isometric deformations of general quadrics was on; it ended with Bianchi's discovery [1] from 1906 of the Bäcklund transformation for quadrics and the isometric correspondence provided by the Ivory affine transformation.In what concerns isometric deformations of higher dimensional non-degenerate quadrics the first result is that of Cartan's: in 1919-1920 Cartan has shown in [2], using mostly projective arguments and his exterior differential systems in involution and exteriorly orthogonal forms tools, that space forms of dimension n admit rich families of isometric deformations in surrounding space forms of dimension 2 n - 1, depending on n(n - 1) functions of one variable, that such isometric deformations admit lines of curvature given by a canonical form of exteriorly orthogonal forms and that the codimension n - 1 cannot be lowered without obtaining rigidity as the isometric deformation being the defining quadric. Because these isometric deformations admit lines of curvature they have flat normal bundle. Since the lines of curvature on n-dimensional space forms, when they are considered by definition as quadrics in surrounding (n + 1) -dimensional space forms, are undetermined, the lines of curvature on the isometric deformation and their corresponding curves on the quadric provide the common conjugate system (that is the second fundamental form is diagonal).From Cartan's papers until 1979 no further progress had been made in the isometric deformation problem for higher dimensional quadrics.In 1979, upon a suggestion from S.S. Chern and using Chebyshev coordinates on Hn(R) , which by the Cartan-Moore Theorem are lines of curvature and thus in bijective correspondence with isometric deformations of Hn(R) in R 2 n - 1, Tenenblat-Terng have developed in [3] the Bäcklund transformation of Hn(R) in R 2 n - 1 and Terng in [4] has developed the Bianchi Permutability Theorem for this Bäcklund transformation.In 1983 Berger, Bryant and Griffiths [5] proved, including by use of tools from algebraic geometry, in particular that Cartan's essentially projective arguments, including the exterior part of his exteriorly orthogonal forms tool, can be used to generalize his results on the n-dimensional pseudosphere to n-dimensional non-degenerate quadrics with positive definite metric, which thus can appear as quadrics in R n + 1 or as space-like quadrics in Rn ×(iR) . Thus they proved that n-dimensional quadrics with positive definite metric admit rich families of isometric deformations in surrounding Euclidean space R 2 n - 1, depending on n(n - 1) functions of one variable, that the codimension n - 1 cannot be lowered without obtaining rigidity as the isometric deformation being the defining quadric and that quadrics are the only Riemannian n-dimensional manifolds that admit a family of isometric deformations in R 2 n - 1 as rich as possible for which the exteriorly orthogonal forms tool (naturally appearing from the Gauß equations) can be applied.With the result of Berger, Bryant and Griffiths [5] the natural question appears of generalizing Bianchi's Bäcklund transformation of 2-dimensional non-degenerate quadrics to higher dimensions, which is also a generalization of the Bäcklund transformation of Tenenblat-Terng [3] from the higher dimensional pseudosphere to higher dimensional general quadrics.

Eating disorders in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: prevalence and clinical correlates.

PubMed

Sallet, Paulo C; de Alvarenga, Pedro Gomes; Ferrão, Ygor; de Mathis, Maria Alice; Torres, Albina R; Marques, Andrea; Hounie, Ana G; Fossaluza, Victor; do Rosario, Maria Conceição; Fontenelle, Leonardo F; Petribu, Katia; Fleitlich-Bilyk, Bacy

2010-05-01

The objective is to evaluate the prevalence and associated clinical characteristics of eating disorders (ED) in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This is a cross-sectional study comparing 815 patients with OCD. Participants were assessed with structured interviews and scales: SCID-I, Y-BOCS, Dimensional Y-BOCS, BABS, Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Ninety-two patients (11.3%) presented the following EDs: binge-eating disorders [= 59 (7.2%)], bulimia nervosa [= 16 (2.0%)], or anorexia nervosa [= 17 (2.1%)]. Compared to OCD patients without ED (OCD-Non-ED), OCD-ED patients were more likely to be women with previous psychiatric treatment. Mean total scores in Y-BOCS, Dimensional Y-BOCS, and BABS were similar within groups. However, OCD-ED patients showed higher lifetime prevalence of comorbid conditions, higher anxiety and depression scores, and higher frequency of suicide attempts than did the OCD-Non-ED group. Primarily diagnosed OCD patients with comorbid ED may be associated with higher clinical severity. Future longitudinal studies should investigate dimensional correlations between OCD and ED. 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Generalized Lie symmetry approach for fractional order systems of differential equations. III

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singla, Komal; Gupta, R. K.

2017-06-01

The generalized Lie symmetry technique is proposed for the derivation of point symmetries for systems of fractional differential equations with an arbitrary number of independent as well as dependent variables. The efficiency of the method is illustrated by its application to three higher dimensional nonlinear systems of fractional order partial differential equations consisting of the (2 + 1)-dimensional asymmetric Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov system, (3 + 1)-dimensional Burgers system, and (3 + 1)-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. With the help of derived Lie point symmetries, the corresponding invariant solutions transform each of the considered systems into a system of lower-dimensional fractional partial differential equations.

An analysis of Isgur-Wise function of heavy-light mesons within a higher dimensional potential model approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roy, Sabyasachi; Choudhury, D. K.

2014-03-01

Nambu-Goto action for bosonic string predicts the quark-antiquark potential to be V(r) = -γ/r + σr + μ0. The coefficient γ = π(d - 2)/24 is the Lüscher coefficient of the Lüscher term 7/r, which depends upon the space-time dimension 'd'. Very recently, we have developed meson wave functions in higher dimension with this potential from higher dimensional Schrodinger equation by applying quantum mechanical perturbation technique with both Lüscher term as parent and as perturbation. In this letter, we analyze Isgur-Wise function for heavy-light mesons using these wave functions in higher dimension and make a comparative study on the status of the perturbation technique in both the cases.

Holographic Van der Waals phase transition of the higher-dimensional electrically charged hairy black hole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Hui-Ling; Feng, Zhong-Wen; Zu, Xiao-Tao

2018-01-01

With motivation by holography, employing black hole entropy, two-point connection function and entanglement entropy, we show that, for the higher-dimensional Anti-de Sitter charged hairy black hole in the fixed charged ensemble, a Van der Waals-like phase transition can be observed. Furthermore, based on the Maxwell equal-area construction, we check numerically the equal-area law for a first order phase transition in order to further characterize the Van der Waals-like phase transition.

LHC multijet events as a probe for anomalous dimension-six gluon interactions

DOE PAGES

Krauss, Frank; Kuttimalai, Silvan; Plehn, Tilman

2017-02-22

Higher-dimensional multigluon interactions affect essentially all effective Lagrangian analyses at the LHC. We show that, contrary to common lore, such operators are best constrained in multijet production. Our limit on the corresponding new physics scale in the multi-TeV range exceeds the typical reach of global dimension-six Higgs boson and top analyses. As a result, this implies that the pure Yang-Mills operator can safely be neglected in almost all specific higher-dimensional analyses at Run II.

LHC multijet events as a probe for anomalous dimension-six gluon interactions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Krauss, Frank; Kuttimalai, Silvan; Plehn, Tilman

Higher-dimensional multigluon interactions affect essentially all effective Lagrangian analyses at the LHC. We show that, contrary to common lore, such operators are best constrained in multijet production. Our limit on the corresponding new physics scale in the multi-TeV range exceeds the typical reach of global dimension-six Higgs boson and top analyses. As a result, this implies that the pure Yang-Mills operator can safely be neglected in almost all specific higher-dimensional analyses at Run II.

A Family of Finite-Dimensional Representations of Generalized Double Affine Hecke Algebras of Higher Rank

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fu, Yuchen; Shelley-Abrahamson, Seth

2016-06-01

We give explicit constructions of some finite-dimensional representations of generalized double affine Hecke algebras (GDAHA) of higher rank using R-matrices for U_q(sl_N). Our construction is motivated by an analogous construction of Silvia Montarani in the rational case. Using the Drinfeld-Kohno theorem for Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov differential equations, we prove that the explicit representations we produce correspond to Montarani's representations under a monodromy functor introduced by Etingof, Gan, and Oblomkov.

Wigner surmises and the two-dimensional homogeneous Poisson point process.

PubMed

Sakhr, Jamal; Nieminen, John M

2006-04-01

We derive a set of identities that relate the higher-order interpoint spacing statistics of the two-dimensional homogeneous Poisson point process to the Wigner surmises for the higher-order spacing distributions of eigenvalues from the three classical random matrix ensembles. We also report a remarkable identity that equates the second-nearest-neighbor spacing statistics of the points of the Poisson process and the nearest-neighbor spacing statistics of complex eigenvalues from Ginibre's ensemble of 2 x 2 complex non-Hermitian random matrices.

On butterfly effect in higher derivative gravities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alishahiha, Mohsen; Davody, Ali; Naseh, Ali; Taghavi, Seyed Farid

2016-11-01

We study butterfly effect in D-dimensional gravitational theories containing terms quadratic in Ricci scalar and Ricci tensor. One observes that due to higher order derivatives in the corresponding equations of motion there are two butterfly velocities. The velocities are determined by the dimension of operators whose sources are provided by the metric. The three dimensional TMG model is also studied where we get two butterfly velocities at generic point of the moduli space of parameters. At critical point two velocities coincide.

Boson-boson effective nonrelativistic potential for higher-derivative electromagnetic theories in D dimensions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Accioly, Antonio; Dias, Marco

2004-11-15

The problem of computing the effective nonrelativistic potential U{sub D} for the interaction of charged-scalar bosons, within the context of D-dimensional electromagnetism with a cutoff, is reduced to quadratures. It is shown that U{sub 3} cannot bind a pair of identical charged-scalar bosons; nevertheless, numerical calculations indicate that boson-boson bound states do exist in the framework of three-dimensional higher-derivative electromagnetism augmented by a topological Chern-Simons term.

Three-dimensional inversion recovery manganese-enhanced MRI of mouse brain using super-resolution reconstruction to visualize nuclei involved in higher brain function.

PubMed

Poole, Dana S; Plenge, Esben; Poot, Dirk H J; Lakke, Egbert A J F; Niessen, Wiro J; Meijering, Erik; van der Weerd, Louise

2014-07-01

The visualization of activity in mouse brain using inversion recovery spin echo (IR-SE) manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) provides unique contrast, but suffers from poor resolution in the slice-encoding direction. Super-resolution reconstruction (SRR) is a resolution-enhancing post-processing technique in which multiple low-resolution slice stacks are combined into a single volume of high isotropic resolution using computational methods. In this study, we investigated, first, whether SRR can improve the three-dimensional resolution of IR-SE MEMRI in the slice selection direction, whilst maintaining or improving the contrast-to-noise ratio of the two-dimensional slice stacks. Second, the contrast-to-noise ratio of SRR IR-SE MEMRI was compared with a conventional three-dimensional gradient echo (GE) acquisition. Quantitative experiments were performed on a phantom containing compartments of various manganese concentrations. The results showed that, with comparable scan times, the signal-to-noise ratio of three-dimensional GE acquisition is higher than that of SRR IR-SE MEMRI. However, the contrast-to-noise ratio between different compartments can be superior with SRR IR-SE MEMRI, depending on the chosen inversion time. In vivo experiments were performed in mice receiving manganese using an implanted osmotic pump. The results showed that SRR works well as a resolution-enhancing technique in IR-SE MEMRI experiments. In addition, the SRR image also shows a number of brain structures that are more clearly discernible from the surrounding tissues than in three-dimensional GE acquisition, including a number of nuclei with specific higher brain functions, such as memory, stress, anxiety and reward behavior. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Buchdahl-Vaidya-Tikekar model for stellar interior in pure Lovelock gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Molina, Alfred; Dadhich, Naresh; Khugaev, Avas

2017-07-01

In the paper (Khugaev et al. in Phys Rev D94:064065. arXiv: 1603.07118, 2016), we have shown that for perfect fluid spheres the pressure isotropy equation for Buchdahl-Vaidya-Tikekar metric ansatz continues to have the same Gauss form in higher dimensions, and hence higher dimensional solutions could be obtained by redefining the space geometry characterizing Vaidya-Tikekar parameter K. In this paper we extend this analysis to pure Lovelock gravity; i.e. a (2N+2)-dimensional solution with a given K_{2N+2} can be taken over to higher n-dimensional pure Lovelock solution with K_n=(K_{2N+2}-n+2N+2)/(n-2N-1) where N is degree of Lovelock action. This ansatz includes the uniform density Schwarzshild and the Finch-Skea models, and it is interesting that the two define the two ends of compactness, the former being the densest and while the latter rarest. All other models with this ansatz lie in between these two limiting distributions.

Two-Dimensional Versus Three-Dimensional Conceptualization in Astronomy Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reynolds, Michael David

Numerous science conceptual issues are naturally three-dimensional. Classroom presentations are often two -dimensional or at best multidimensional. Several astronomy topics are of this nature, e. g. mechanics of the phases of the moon. Textbooks present this three-dimensional topic in two-dimensions; such is often the case in the classroom. This study was conducted to examine conceptions exhibited by pairs of like-sex 11th grade standard physics students as they modeled the lunar phases. Student pairs, 13 male and 13 female, were randomly selected and assigned. Pairing comes closer to classroom emulation, minimizes needs for direct probes, and pair discussion is more likely to display variety and depth. Four hypotheses were addressed: (1) Participants who model three-dimensionally will more likely achieve a higher explanation score. (2) Students who experienced more earth or physical science exposure will more likely model three-dimensionally. (3) Pairs that exhibit a strong science or mathematics preference will more likely model three-dimensionally. (4) Males will model in three dimensions more than females. Students provided background information, including science course exposure and subject preference. Each pair laid out a 16-card set representing two complete lunar phase changes. The pair was asked to explain why the phases occur. Materials were provided for use, including disks, spheres, paper and pen, and flashlight. Activities were videotaped for later evaluation. Statistics of choice was a correlation determination between course preference and model type and ANOVA for the other hypotheses. It was determined that pairs who modeled three -dimensionally achieved a higher score on their phases mechanics explanation at p <.05 level. Pairs with earth science or physical science exposure, those who prefer science or mathematics, and male participants were not more likely to model three-dimensionally. Possible reasons for lack of significance was small sample size and in the case of course preferences, small differences in course preference means. Based on this study, instructors should be aware of dimensionality and student misconceptions. Whenever possible, three-dimensional concepts should be modeled as such. Authors and publishers should consider modeling suggestions and three-dimensional ancillaries.

Complexity-Entropy Causality Plane as a Complexity Measure for Two-Dimensional Patterns

PubMed Central

Ribeiro, Haroldo V.; Zunino, Luciano; Lenzi, Ervin K.; Santoro, Perseu A.; Mendes, Renio S.

2012-01-01

Complexity measures are essential to understand complex systems and there are numerous definitions to analyze one-dimensional data. However, extensions of these approaches to two or higher-dimensional data, such as images, are much less common. Here, we reduce this gap by applying the ideas of the permutation entropy combined with a relative entropic index. We build up a numerical procedure that can be easily implemented to evaluate the complexity of two or higher-dimensional patterns. We work out this method in different scenarios where numerical experiments and empirical data were taken into account. Specifically, we have applied the method to fractal landscapes generated numerically where we compare our measures with the Hurst exponent; liquid crystal textures where nematic-isotropic-nematic phase transitions were properly identified; 12 characteristic textures of liquid crystals where the different values show that the method can distinguish different phases; and Ising surfaces where our method identified the critical temperature and also proved to be stable. PMID:22916097

Energy in higher-dimensional spacetimes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barzegar, Hamed; Chruściel, Piotr T.; Hörzinger, Michael

2017-12-01

We derive expressions for the total Hamiltonian energy of gravitating systems in higher-dimensional theories in terms of the Riemann tensor, allowing a cosmological constant Λ ∈R . Our analysis covers asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes, asymptotically flat spacetimes, as well as Kaluza-Klein asymptotically flat spacetimes. We show that the Komar mass equals the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) mass in stationary asymptotically flat spacetimes in all dimensions, generalizing the four-dimensional result of Beig, and that this is no longer true with Kaluza-Klein asymptotics. We show that the Hamiltonian mass does not necessarily coincide with the ADM mass in Kaluza-Klein asymptotically flat spacetimes, and that the Witten positivity argument provides a lower bound for the Hamiltonian mass—and not for the ADM mass—in terms of the electric charge. We illustrate our results on the five-dimensional Rasheed metrics, which we study in some detail, pointing out restrictions that arise from the requirement of regularity, which have gone seemingly unnoticed so far in the literature.

A Lie based 4-dimensional higher Chern-Simons theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zucchini, Roberto

2016-05-01

We present and study a model of 4-dimensional higher Chern-Simons theory, special Chern-Simons (SCS) theory, instances of which have appeared in the string literature, whose symmetry is encoded in a skeletal semistrict Lie 2-algebra constructed from a compact Lie group with non discrete center. The field content of SCS theory consists of a Lie valued 2-connection coupled to a background closed 3-form. SCS theory enjoys a large gauge and gauge for gauge symmetry organized in an infinite dimensional strict Lie 2-group. The partition function of SCS theory is simply related to that of a topological gauge theory localizing on flat connections with degree 3 second characteristic class determined by the background 3-form. Finally, SCS theory is related to a 3-dimensional special gauge theory whose 2-connection space has a natural symplectic structure with respect to which the 1-gauge transformation action is Hamiltonian, the 2-curvature map acting as moment map.

Vacuum polarization effects on flat branes due to a global monopole

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bezerra de Mello, E.R.

2006-05-15

In this paper we analyze the vacuum polarization effects associated with a massless scalar field in the higher-dimensional spacetime. Specifically we calculate the renormalized vacuum expectation value of the square of the field, <{phi}{sup 2}(x)>{sub Ren}, induced by a global monopole in the 'braneworld' scenario. In this context the global monopole lives in a n=3-dimensional submanifold of the higher-dimensional (bulk) spacetime, and our universe is represented by a transverse flat (p-1)-dimensional brane. In order to develop this analysis we calculate the general Green function admitting that the scalar field propagates in the bulk. Also a general curvature coupling parameter betweenmore » the field and the geometry is assumed. We explicitly show that the vacuum polarization effects depend crucially on the values attributed to p. We also investigate the general structure of the renormalized vacuum expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor, {sub Ren}, for p=3.« less

Additivity Principle in High-Dimensional Deterministic Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saito, Keiji; Dhar, Abhishek

2011-12-01

The additivity principle (AP), conjectured by Bodineau and Derrida [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 180601 (2004)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.92.180601], is discussed for the case of heat conduction in three-dimensional disordered harmonic lattices to consider the effects of deterministic dynamics, higher dimensionality, and different transport regimes, i.e., ballistic, diffusive, and anomalous transport. The cumulant generating function (CGF) for heat transfer is accurately calculated and compared with the one given by the AP. In the diffusive regime, we find a clear agreement with the conjecture even if the system is high dimensional. Surprisingly, even in the anomalous regime the CGF is also well fitted by the AP. Lower-dimensional systems are also studied and the importance of three dimensionality for the validity is stressed.

The functional equation truncation method for approximating slow invariant manifolds: a rapid method for computing intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds.

PubMed

Roussel, Marc R; Tang, Terry

2006-12-07

A slow manifold is a low-dimensional invariant manifold to which trajectories nearby are rapidly attracted on the way to the equilibrium point. The exact computation of the slow manifold simplifies the model without sacrificing accuracy on the slow time scales of the system. The Maas-Pope intrinsic low-dimensional manifold (ILDM) [Combust. Flame 88, 239 (1992)] is frequently used as an approximation to the slow manifold. This approximation is based on a linearized analysis of the differential equations and thus neglects curvature. We present here an efficient way to calculate an approximation equivalent to the ILDM. Our method, called functional equation truncation (FET), first develops a hierarchy of functional equations involving higher derivatives which can then be truncated at second-derivative terms to explicitly neglect the curvature. We prove that the ILDM and FET-approximated (FETA) manifolds are identical for the one-dimensional slow manifold of any planar system. In higher-dimensional spaces, the ILDM and FETA manifolds agree to numerical accuracy almost everywhere. Solution of the FET equations is, however, expected to generally be faster than the ILDM method.

Influence of disintegrants in different substrate physical form on dimensional recovery of multi-component tablet.

PubMed

Sarkar, Srimanta; Ooi, Shing Ming; Liew, Celine Valeria; Tan, Bing Xun; Heng, Paul Wan Sia

2014-11-20

This study investigated the influence of different disintegrants, present in different substrate physical forms, on dimensional recovery of multi-component tablets prepared at different compression pressures. Formulations containing model drug, metformin, (10%, w/w), different disintegrants (10%, w/w), and lactose (80%, w/w) were compressed directly or after granulation using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (1%, w/w) as binder, into tablets (350 mg, 10mm diameter) at 150, 200, and 250 N/mm(2) compression pressures. Tablets were characterized for immediate dimensional recovery (IR) after ejection from the die, latent dimensional recovery (LR) over 24 h, tensile strength, and disintegration. The IR was predominantly contributed by crystalline components whereas LR was brought about by polymeric materials. With increased compression pressure, higher degree of plastic deformation of the polymeric disintegrants resulted in tablet with lower LR and higher tensile strength. Presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone in the granules contributed considerably to plastic deformation, and the tablets produced had lower LR, higher tensile strength, and longer disintegration time. This study indicated that use of granules as the feed substrate physical form and a prudent selection of components may enable the coating of resultant tablets immediately after compression without the risk of coat damage due to LR. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

On mass transport in porosity waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jordan, Jacob S.; Hesse, Marc A.; Rudge, John F.

2018-03-01

Porosity waves arise naturally from the equations describing fluid migration in ductile rocks. Here, we show that higher-dimensional porosity waves can transport mass and therefore preserve geochemical signatures, at least partially. Fluid focusing into these high porosity waves leads to recirculation in their center. This recirculating fluid is separated from the background flow field by a circular dividing streamline and transported with the phase velocity of the porosity wave. Unlike models for one-dimensional chromatography in geological porous media, tracer transport in higher-dimensional porosity waves does not produce chromatographic separations between relatively incompatible elements due to the circular flow pattern. This may allow melt that originated from the partial melting of fertile heterogeneities or fluid produced during metamorphism to retain distinct geochemical signatures as they rise buoyantly towards the surface.

Higher Spin Fields in Three-Dimensional Gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lepage-Jutier, Arnaud

In this thesis, we study the effects of massless higher spin fields in three-dimensional gravity with a negative cosmological constant. First, we introduce gravity in Anti-de Sitter (AdS) space without the higher spin gauge symmetry. We recapitulate the semi-classical analysis that outlines the duality between quantum gravity in three dimensions with a negative cosmological constant and a conformal field theory on the asymptotic boundary of AdS 3. We review the statistical interpretation of the black hole entropy via the AdS/CFT correspondence and the modular invariance of the partition function of a CFT on a torus. For the case of higher spin theories in AdS 3 we use those modular properties to bound the amount of gauge symmetry present. We then discuss briefly cases that can evade this bound.

Object Based Numerical Zooming Between the NPSS Version 1 and a 1-Dimensional Meanline High Pressure Compressor Design Analysis Code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Follen, G.; Naiman, C.; auBuchon, M.

2000-01-01

Within NASA's High Performance Computing and Communication (HPCC) program, NASA Glenn Research Center is developing an environment for the analysis/design of propulsion systems for aircraft and space vehicles called the Numerical Propulsion System Simulation (NPSS). The NPSS focuses on the integration of multiple disciplines such as aerodynamics, structures, and heat transfer, along with the concept of numerical zooming between 0- Dimensional to 1-, 2-, and 3-dimensional component engine codes. The vision for NPSS is to create a "numerical test cell" enabling full engine simulations overnight on cost-effective computing platforms. Current "state-of-the-art" engine simulations are 0-dimensional in that there is there is no axial, radial or circumferential resolution within a given component (e.g. a compressor or turbine has no internal station designations). In these 0-dimensional cycle simulations the individual component performance characteristics typically come from a table look-up (map) with adjustments for off-design effects such as variable geometry, Reynolds effects, and clearances. Zooming one or more of the engine components to a higher order, physics-based analysis means a higher order code is executed and the results from this analysis are used to adjust the 0-dimensional component performance characteristics within the system simulation. By drawing on the results from more predictive, physics based higher order analysis codes, "cycle" simulations are refined to closely model and predict the complex physical processes inherent to engines. As part of the overall development of the NPSS, NASA and industry began the process of defining and implementing an object class structure that enables Numerical Zooming between the NPSS Version I (0-dimension) and higher order 1-, 2- and 3-dimensional analysis codes. The NPSS Version I preserves the historical cycle engineering practices but also extends these classical practices into the area of numerical zooming for use within a companies' design system. What follows here is a description of successfully zooming I-dimensional (row-by-row) high pressure compressor results back to a NPSS engine 0-dimension simulation and a discussion of the results illustrated using an advanced data visualization tool. This type of high fidelity system-level analysis, made possible by the zooming capability of the NPSS, will greatly improve the fidelity of the engine system simulation and enable the engine system to be "pre-validated" prior to commitment to engine hardware.

A dimensionally split Cartesian cut cell method for hyperbolic conservation laws

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gokhale, Nandan; Nikiforakis, Nikos; Klein, Rupert

2018-07-01

We present a dimensionally split method for solving hyperbolic conservation laws on Cartesian cut cell meshes. The approach combines local geometric and wave speed information to determine a novel stabilised cut cell flux, and we provide a full description of its three-dimensional implementation in the dimensionally split framework of Klein et al. [1]. The convergence and stability of the method are proved for the one-dimensional linear advection equation, while its multi-dimensional numerical performance is investigated through the computation of solutions to a number of test problems for the linear advection and Euler equations. When compared to the cut cell flux of Klein et al., it was found that the new flux alleviates the problem of oscillatory boundary solutions produced by the former at higher Courant numbers, and also enables the computation of more accurate solutions near stagnation points. Being dimensionally split, the method is simple to implement and extends readily to multiple dimensions.

Extended effective field theory of inflation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ashoorioon, Amjad; Casadio, Roberto; Cicoli, Michele; Geshnizjani, Ghazal; Kim, Hyung J.

2018-02-01

We present a general framework where the effective field theory of single field inflation is extended by the inclusion of operators with mass dimension 3 and 4 in the unitary gauge. These higher dimensional operators introduce quartic and sextic corrections to the dispersion relation. We study the regime of validity of this extended effective field theory of inflation and the effect of these higher dimensional operators on CMB observables associated with scalar perturbations, such as the speed of sound, the amplitude of the power spectrum and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. Tensor perturbations remain instead, unaltered.

Higher dimensional curved domain walls on Kähler surfaces

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Akbar, Fiki T., E-mail: ftakbar@fi.itb.ac.id; Gunara, Bobby E., E-mail: bobby@fi.itb.ac.id; Radjabaycolle, Flinn C.

In this paper we study some aspects of curved BPS-like domain walls in higher dimensional gravity theory coupled to scalars where the scalars span a complex Kähler surface with scalar potential turned on. Assuming that a fake superpotential has a special form which depends on Kähler potential and a holomorphic function, we prove that BPS-like equations have a local unique solution. Then, we analyze the vacuum structure of the theory including their stability using dynamical system and their existence in ultraviolet-infrared regions using renormalization group flow.

A three-dimensional parabolic equation model of sound propagation using higher-order operator splitting and Padé approximants.

PubMed

Lin, Ying-Tsong; Collis, Jon M; Duda, Timothy F

2012-11-01

An alternating direction implicit (ADI) three-dimensional fluid parabolic equation solution method with enhanced accuracy is presented. The method uses a square-root Helmholtz operator splitting algorithm that retains cross-multiplied operator terms that have been previously neglected. With these higher-order cross terms, the valid angular range of the parabolic equation solution is improved. The method is tested for accuracy against an image solution in an idealized wedge problem. Computational efficiency improvements resulting from the ADI discretization are also discussed.

Hawking radiation of five-dimensional charged black holes with scalar fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miao, Yan-Gang; Xu, Zhen-Ming

2017-09-01

We investigate the Hawking radiation cascade from the five-dimensional charged black hole with a scalar field coupled to higher-order Euler densities in a conformally invariant manner. We give the semi-analytic calculation of greybody factors for the Hawking radiation. Our analysis shows that the Hawking radiation cascade from this five-dimensional black hole is extremely sparse. The charge enhances the sparsity of the Hawking radiation, while the conformally coupled scalar field reduces this sparsity.

Synthesising topological links

DOE PAGES

Baas, Nils A.; Seeman, Nadrian C.; Stacey, Andrew

2014-10-14

In this paper, we discuss the chemical synthesis of topological links, in particular higher order links which have the Brunnian property (namely that removal of any one component unlinks the entire system). Finally, we suggest how to obtain both two dimensional and three dimensional objects (surfaces and solids, respectively) which also have this Brunnian property.

Six-dimensional quantum dynamics study for the dissociative adsorption of HCl on Au(111) surface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Tianhui; Fu, Bina; Zhang, Dong H.

2013-11-01

The six-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations for the dissociative chemisorption of HCl on Au(111) are carried out using the time-dependent wave-packet approach, based on an accurate PES which was recently developed by neural network fitting to density functional theory energy points. The influence of vibrational excitation and rotational orientation of HCl on the reactivity is investigated by calculating the exact six-dimensional dissociation probabilities, as well as the four-dimensional fixed-site dissociation probabilities. The vibrational excitation of HCl enhances the reactivity and the helicopter orientation yields higher dissociation probability than the cartwheel orientation. A new interesting site-averaged effect is found for the title molecule-surface system that one can essentially reproduce the six-dimensional dissociation probability by averaging the four-dimensional dissociation probabilities over 25 fixed sites.

Type IIB Colliding Plane Waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gutperle, M.; Pioline, B.

2003-09-01

Four-dimensional colliding plane wave (CPW) solutions have played an important role in understanding the classical non-linearities of Einstein's equations. In this note, we investigate CPW solutions in 2n+2-dimensional Einstein gravity with a n+1-form flux. By using an isomorphism with the four-dimensional problem, we construct exact solutions analogous to the Szekeres vacuum solution in four dimensions. The higher-dimensional versions of the Khan-Penrose and Bell-Szekeres CPW solutions are studied perturbatively in the vicinity of the light-cone. We find that under small perturbations, a curvature singularity is generically produced, leading to both space-like and time-like singularities. For n = 4, our results pertain to the collision of two ten-dimensional type-IIB Blau-Figueroa o'Farrill-Hull-Papadopoulos plane waves.

Factorial structure of the German version of the dimensional assessment of personality pathology-basic questionnaire in clinical and nonclinical samples.

PubMed

Pukrop, R; Gentil, I; Steinbring, I; Steinmeyer, E

2001-10-01

The Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) assesses 18 traits to provide a systematic representation of the overall domain of personality disorders. We tested the cross-cultural stability of the prediction that four higher-order factors (Emotional Dysregulation, Dissocial Behavior, Inhibitedness, and Compulsivity) underlie the 18 basic traits. A total of 81 patients who were primarily treated for an Axis II personality disorder and N = 166 healthy control patients completed the German version of the DAPP-BQ. Results clearly confirmed cross-cultural stability of the postulated four-factor structure in both samples, accounting for 74.7% (clinical sample), and 65.7% (nonclinical sample) of the total variance. All four higher-order factors showed specific correlational relationships with dimensional assessments of DSM-IV personality disorders.

Adiabatic Invariant Approach to Transverse Instability: Landau Dynamics of Soliton Filaments.

PubMed

Kevrekidis, P G; Wang, Wenlong; Carretero-González, R; Frantzeskakis, D J

2017-06-16

Consider a lower-dimensional solitonic structure embedded in a higher-dimensional space, e.g., a 1D dark soliton embedded in 2D space, a ring dark soliton in 2D space, a spherical shell soliton in 3D space, etc. By extending the Landau dynamics approach [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 240403 (2004)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.93.240403], we show that it is possible to capture the transverse dynamical modes (the "Kelvin modes") of the undulation of this "soliton filament" within the higher-dimensional space. These are the transverse stability or instability modes and are the ones potentially responsible for the breakup of the soliton into structures such as vortices, vortex rings, etc. We present the theory and case examples in 2D and 3D, corroborating the results by numerical stability and dynamical computations.

Effects of antenatal care and HIV treatment integration on elements of the PMTCT cascade: Results from the SHAIP cluster-randomized controlled trial in Kenya

PubMed Central

Turan, Janet M.; Onono, Maricianah; Steinfeld, Rachel L.; Shade, Starley B.; Owuor, Kevin; Washington, Sierra; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Ackers, Marta L.; Kioko, Jackson; Interis, Evelyn C.; Cohen, Craig R.

2015-01-01

Background Integrating antenatal care (ANC) and HIV care may improve uptake and retention in services along the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) cascade. The current study aimed to determine if integration of HIV services into ANC settings improves PMTCT service utilization outcomes. Methods ANC clinics in rural Kenya were randomized to integrated (6 clinics, 569 women) or non-integrated (6 clinics, 603 women) services. Intervention clinics provided all HIV services, including highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), while control clinics provided PMTCT services but referred women to HIV care clinics within the same facility. PMTCT utilization outcomes among HIV-infected women (maternal HIV care enrollment, HAART initiation, and 3-month infant HIV testing uptake) were compared using generalized estimating equations and Cox regression. Results HIV care enrollment was higher in intervention compared to control clinics (69% versus 36%, Odds Ratio (OR)=3.94, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.14–13.63). Median time to enrollment was significantly shorter among intervention arm women (0 versus 8 days, Hazard Ratio (HR)=2.20, 95% CI: 1.62–3.01). Eligible women in the intervention arm were more likely to initiate HAART (40% versus 17%, OR=3.22, 95% CI: 1.81–5.72). Infant testing was more common in the intervention arm (25% versus 18%), however not statistically different. No significant differences were detected in postnatal service uptake or maternal retention. Conclusions Service integration increased maternal HIV care enrollment and HAART uptake. However, PMTCT utilization outcomes were still suboptimal, and postnatal service utilization remained poor in both study arms. Further improvements in the PMTCT cascade will require additional research and interventions. PMID:25967269

A multi-site randomised controlled trial of evidence-based supported employment for adults with severe and persistent mental illness.

PubMed

Waghorn, Geoffrey; Dias, Shannon; Gladman, Beverley; Harris, Meredith; Saha, Sukanta

2014-12-01

The Individual Placement and Support (IPS) approach is an evidence-based form of supported employment for people with severe and persistent mental illness. This approach is not yet widely available in Australia even though there is mounting evidence of its generalisability outside the USA. One previous Australian randomised controlled trial found that IPS is effective for young people with first episode psychosis. The aim of the current trial was to assess the effectiveness of evidence-based supported employment when implemented for Australian adult consumers of public mental health services by utilising existing service systems. A four-site randomised control trial design (n = 208) was conducted in Brisbane (two sites), Townsville and Cairns. The intervention consisted of an IPS supported employment service hosted by a community mental health team. The control condition was delivered at each site by mental health teams referring consumers to other disability employment services in the local area. At 12 months, those in the IPS condition had 2.4 times greater odds of commencing employment than those in the control condition (42.5% vs. 23.5%). The conditions did not differ on secondary employment outcomes including job duration, hours worked, or job diversity. Attrition was higher than expected in both conditions with 28.4% completing the baseline interview but taking no further part in the study. The results support previous international findings that IPS-supported employment is more effective than non-integrated supported employment. IPS can be successfully implemented this way in Australia, but with a loss of effect strength compared to previous USA trials. © 2014 Occupational Therapy Australia.

Life's Still Lifes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McIntosh, Harold V.

The de Bruijn diagram describing those decompositions of the neighborhoods of a one dimensional cellular automaton which conform to predetermined requirements of periodicity and translational symmetry shows how to construct extended configurations satisfying the same requirements. Similar diagrams, formed by stages, describe higher dimensional automata, although they become more laborious to compute with increasing neighborhood size. The procedure is illustrated by computing some still lifes for Conway's game of Life, a widely known two dimensional cellular automaton. This paper is written in September 10, 1988.

Tachyon condensation due to domain-wall annihilation in Bose-Einstein condensates.

PubMed

Takeuchi, Hiromitsu; Kasamatsu, Kenichi; Tsubota, Makoto; Nitta, Muneto

2012-12-14

We show theoretically that a domain-wall annihilation in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates causes tachyon condensation accompanied by spontaneous symmetry breaking in a two-dimensional subspace. Three-dimensional vortex formation from domain-wall annihilations is considered a kink formation in subspace. Numerical experiments reveal that the subspatial dynamics obey the dynamic scaling law of phase-ordering kinetics. This model is experimentally feasible and provides insights into how the extra dimensions influence subspatial phase transition in higher-dimensional space.

Bounding the space of holographic CFTs with chaos

DOE PAGES

Perlmutter, Eric

2016-10-13

In this study, thermal states of quantum systems with many degrees of freedom are subject to a bound on the rate of onset of chaos, including a bound on the Lyapunov exponent, λ L ≤ 2π/β. We harness this bound to constrain the space of putative holographic CFTs and their would-be dual theories of AdS gravity. First, by studying out-of-time-order four-point functions, we discuss how λ L = 2π/β in ordinary two-dimensional holographic CFTs is related to properties of the OPE at strong coupling. We then rule out the existence of unitary, sparse two-dimensional CFTs with large central charge andmore » a set of higher spin currents of bounded spin; this implies the inconsistency of weakly coupled AdS 3 higher spin gravities without infinite towers of gauge fields, such as the SL(N) theories. This fits naturally with the structure of higher-dimensional gravity, where finite towers of higher spin fields lead to acausality. On the other hand, unitary CFTs with classical W ∞[λ] symmetry, dual to 3D Vasiliev or hs[λ] higher spin gravities, do not violate the chaos bound, instead exhibiting no chaos: λ L = 0. Independently, we show that such theories violate unitarity for |λ| > 2. These results encourage a tensionless string theory interpretation of the 3D Vasiliev theory.« less

Twisting phonons in complex crystals with quasi-one-dimensional substructures [Twisting Phonons in Higher Manganese Silicides with a Complex Nowotny Chimney Ladder Structure

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abernathy, Douglas L.; Ma, Jie; Yan, Jiaqiang

A variety of crystals contain quasi-one-dimensional substructures, which yield distinctive electronic, spintronic, optical and thermoelectric properties. There is a lack of understanding of the lattice dynamics that influences the properties of such complex crystals. Here we employ inelastic neutron scatting measurements and density functional theory calculations to show that numerous low-energy optical vibrational modes exist in higher manganese silicides, an example of such crystals. These optical modes, including unusually low-frequency twisting motions of the Si ladders inside the Mn chimneys, provide a large phase space for scattering acoustic phonons. A hybrid phonon and diffuson model is proposed to explain themore » low and anisotropic thermal conductivity of higher manganese silicides and to evaluate nanostructuring as an approach to further suppress the thermal conductivity and enhance the thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency. This discovery offers new insights into the structure-property relationships of a broad class of materials with quasi-one-dimensional substructures for various applications.« less

Higher derivatives in Type II and M-theory on Calabi-Yau threefolds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grimm, Thomas W.; Mayer, Kilian; Weissenbacher, Matthias

2018-02-01

The four- and five-dimensional effective actions of Calabi-Yau threefold compactifications are derived with a focus on terms involving up to four space-time derivatives. The starting points for these reductions are the ten- and eleven-dimensional supergravity actions supplemented with the known eight-derivative corrections that have been inferred from Type II string amplitudes. The corrected background solutions are determined and the fluctuations of the Kähler structure of the compact space and the form-field back-ground are discussed. It is concluded that the two-derivative effective actions for these fluctuations only takes the expected supergravity form if certain additional ten- and eleven-dimensional higher-derivative terms for the form-fields are included. The main results on the four-derivative terms include a detailed treatment of higher-derivative gravity coupled to Kähler structure deformations. This is supplemented by a derivation of the vector sector in reductions to five dimensions. While the general result is only given as an expansion in the fluctuations, a complete treatment of the one-Kähler modulus case is presented for both Type II theories and M-theory.

HOTCFGM-1D: A Coupled Higher-Order Theory for Cylindrical Structural Components with Through-Thickness Functionally Graded Microstructures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pindera, Marek-Jerzy; Aboudi, Jacob

1998-01-01

The objective of this three-year project was to develop and deliver to NASA Lewis one-dimensional and two-dimensional higher-order theories, and related computer codes, for the analysis, optimization and design of cylindrical functionally graded materials/structural components for use in advanced aircraft engines (e.g., combustor linings, rotor disks, heat shields, blisk blades). To satisfy this objective, a quasi one-dimensional version of the higher-order theory, HOTCFGM-1D, and four computer codes based on this theory, for the analysis, design and optimization of cylindrical structural components functionally graded in the radial direction were developed. The theory is applicable to thin multi-phased composite shell/cylinders subjected to macroscopically axisymmetric thermomechanical and inertial loading applied uniformly along the axial direction such that the overall deformation is characterized by a constant average axial strain. The reinforcement phases are uniformly distributed in the axial and circumferential directions, and arbitrarily distributed in the radial direction, thereby allowing functional grading of the internal reinforcement in this direction.

Twisting phonons in complex crystals with quasi-one-dimensional substructures [Twisting Phonons in Higher Manganese Silicides with a Complex Nowotny Chimney Ladder Structure

DOE PAGES

Abernathy, Douglas L.; Ma, Jie; Yan, Jiaqiang; ...

2015-04-15

A variety of crystals contain quasi-one-dimensional substructures, which yield distinctive electronic, spintronic, optical and thermoelectric properties. There is a lack of understanding of the lattice dynamics that influences the properties of such complex crystals. Here we employ inelastic neutron scatting measurements and density functional theory calculations to show that numerous low-energy optical vibrational modes exist in higher manganese silicides, an example of such crystals. These optical modes, including unusually low-frequency twisting motions of the Si ladders inside the Mn chimneys, provide a large phase space for scattering acoustic phonons. A hybrid phonon and diffuson model is proposed to explain themore » low and anisotropic thermal conductivity of higher manganese silicides and to evaluate nanostructuring as an approach to further suppress the thermal conductivity and enhance the thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency. This discovery offers new insights into the structure-property relationships of a broad class of materials with quasi-one-dimensional substructures for various applications.« less

Universality and robustness of revivals in the transverse field XY model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Häppölä, Juho; Halász, Gábor B.; Hamma, Alioscia

2012-03-01

We study the structure of the revivals in an integrable quantum many-body system, the transverse field XY spin chain, after a quantum quench. The time evolutions of the Loschmidt echo, the magnetization, and the single-spin entanglement entropy are calculated. We find that the revival times for all of these observables are given by integer multiples of Trev≃L/vmax, where L is the linear size of the system and vmax is the maximal group velocity of quasiparticles. This revival structure is universal in the sense that it does not depend on the initial state and the size of the quench. Applying nonintegrable perturbations to the XY model, we observe that the revivals are robust against such perturbations: they are still visible at time scales much larger than the quasiparticle lifetime. We therefore propose a generic connection between the revival structure and the locality of the dynamics, where the quasiparticle speed vmax generalizes into the Lieb-Robinson speed vLR.

Finite-size scaling of eigenstate thermalization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beugeling, W.; Moessner, R.; Haque, Masudul

2014-04-01

According to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), even isolated quantum systems can thermalize because the eigenstate-to-eigenstate fluctuations of typical observables vanish in the limit of large systems. Of course, isolated systems are by nature finite and the main way of computing such quantities is through numerical evaluation for finite-size systems. Therefore, the finite-size scaling of the fluctuations of eigenstate expectation values is a central aspect of the ETH. In this work, we present numerical evidence that for generic nonintegrable systems these fluctuations scale with a universal power law D-1/2 with the dimension D of the Hilbert space. We provide heuristic arguments, in the same spirit as the ETH, to explain this universal result. Our results are based on the analysis of three families of models and several observables for each model. Each family includes integrable members and we show how the system size where the universal power law becomes visible is affected by the proximity to integrability.

Relational integrativity of prime-target pairs moderates congruity effects in evaluative priming.

PubMed

Ihmels, Max; Freytag, Peter; Fiedler, Klaus; Alexopoulos, Theodore

2016-05-01

In evaluative priming, positive or negative primes facilitate reactions to targets that share the same valence. While this effect is commonly explained as reflecting invariant structures in semantic long-term memory or in the sensorimotor system, the present research highlights the role of integrativity in evaluative priming. Integrativity refers to the ease of integrating two concepts into a new meaningful compound representation. In extended material tests using paired comparisons from two pools of positive and negative words, we show that evaluative congruity is highly correlated with integrativity. Therefore, in most priming studies, congruity and integrativity are strongly confounded. When both aspects are disentangled by manipulating congruity and integrativity orthogonally, three priming experiments show that evaluative-priming effects were confined to integrative prime-target pairs. No facilitation of prime-congruent targets was obtained for non-integrative stimuli. These findings are discussed from a broader perspective on priming conceived as flexible, context-dependent, and serving a generative adaptation function.

Sharing mutants and experimental information prepublication using FgMutantDb (https://scabusa.org/FgMutantDb).

PubMed

Baldwin, Thomas T; Basenko, Evelina; Harb, Omar; Brown, Neil A; Urban, Martin; Hammond-Kosack, Kim E; Bregitzer, Phil P

2018-06-01

There is no comprehensive storage for generated mutants of Fusarium graminearum or data associated with these mutants. Instead, researchers relied on several independent and non-integrated databases. FgMutantDb was designed as a simple spreadsheet that is accessible globally on the web that will function as a centralized source of information on F. graminearum mutants. FgMutantDb aids in the maintenance and sharing of mutants within a research community. It will serve also as a platform for disseminating prepublication results as well as negative results that often go unreported. Additionally, the highly curated information on mutants in FgMutantDb will be shared with other databases (FungiDB, Ensembl, PhytoPath, and PHI-base) through updating reports. Here we describe the creation and potential usefulness of FgMutantDb to the F. graminearum research community, and provide a tutorial on its use. This type of database could be easily emulated for other fungal species. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Rotational diffusion of a molecular cat

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Katz-Saporta, Ori; Efrati, Efi

We show that a simple isolated system can perform rotational random walk on account of internal excitations alone. We consider the classical dynamics of a ''molecular cat'': a triatomic molecule connected by three harmonic springs with non-zero rest lengths, suspended in free space. In this system, much like for falling cats, the angular momentum constraint is non-holonomic allowing for rotations with zero overall angular momentum. The geometric nonlinearities arising from the non-zero rest lengths of the springs suffice to break integrability and lead to chaotic dynamics. The coupling of the non-integrability of the system and its non-holonomic nature results in an angular random walk of the molecule. We study the properties and dynamics of this angular motion analytically and numerically. For low energy excitations the system displays normal-mode-like motion, while for high enough excitation energy we observe regular random-walk. In between, at intermediate energies we observe an angular Lévy-walk type motion associated with a fractional diffusion coefficient interpolating between the two regimes.

Chaos of energetic positron orbits in a dipole magnetic field and its potential application to a new injection scheme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saitoh, H.; Yoshida, Z.; Yano, Y.; Nishiura, M.; Kawazura, Y.; Horn-Stanja, J.; Pedersen, T. Sunn

2016-10-01

We study the behavior of high-energy positrons emitted from a radioactive source in a magnetospheric dipole field configuration. Because the conservation of the first and second adiabatic invariants is easily destroyed in a strongly inhomogeneous dipole field for high-energy charged particles, the positron orbits are nonintegrable, resulting in chaotic motions. In the geometry of a typical magnetospheric levitated dipole experiment, it is shown that a considerable ratio of positrons from a 22Na source, located at the edge of the confinement region, has chaotic long orbit lengths before annihilation. These particles make multiple toroidal circulations and form a hollow toroidal positron cloud. Experiments with a small 22Na source in the Ring Trap 1 (RT-1) device demonstrated the existence of such long-lived positrons in a dipole field. Such a chaotic behavior of high-energy particles is potentially applicable to the formation of a dense toroidal positron cloud in the strong-field region of the dipole field in future studies.

Anogenital warts contain several distinct species of human papillomavirus.

PubMed Central

Krzyzek, R A; Watts, S L; Anderson, D L; Faras, A J; Pass, F

1980-01-01

Anogenital warts from 26 patients were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV). Although no whole, intact virus could be identified, varying amounts of nonintegrated HPV DNA were detected in 18 tissue specimens (70%) by employing both an agarose gel-ethidium bromide staining method and the Southern blot hybridization procedure. When hybridization analysis was performed under stringent conditions, six anogenital warts were observed to contain HPV genomic sequences related to either of the cutaneous viruses HPV type 1 (HPV-1) or HPV-2. In 12 tissue samples lacking sequence homology to either HPV-1 or HPV-2 under stringent conditions, HPV-related sequences were detected when the hybridization was performed under less stringent conditions, indicating that an HPV distinct from both HPV-1 and HPV-2 is also associated with these lesions. This anogenital HPV also appeared to be distinct from the other characterized types of HPV. These data indicate that at least three HPVs are associated with anogenital wart disease. Images PMID:6255208

Dynamics of coherent states in regular and chaotic regimes of the non-integrable Dicke model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lerma-Hernández, S.; Chávez-Carlos, J.; Bastarrachea-Magnani, M. A.; López-del-Carpio, B.; Hirsch, J. G.

2018-04-01

The quantum dynamics of initial coherent states is studied in the Dicke model and correlated with the dynamics, regular or chaotic, of their classical limit. Analytical expressions for the survival probability, i.e. the probability of finding the system in its initial state at time t, are provided in the regular regions of the model. The results for regular regimes are compared with those of the chaotic ones. It is found that initial coherent states in regular regions have a much longer equilibration time than those located in chaotic regions. The properties of the distributions for the initial coherent states in the Hamiltonian eigenbasis are also studied. It is found that for regular states the components with no negligible contribution are organized in sequences of energy levels distributed according to Gaussian functions. In the case of chaotic coherent states, the energy components do not have a simple structure and the number of participating energy levels is larger than in the regular cases.

Studying the Perturbed Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten SU(2) k Theory Using the Truncated Conformal Spectrum Approach

DOE PAGES

Konik, R. M.; Palmai, T.; Takacs, G.; ...

2015-08-24

We study the SU(2) k Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) theory perturbed by the trace of the primary field in the adjoint representation, a theory governing the low-energy behaviour of a class of strongly correlated electronic systems. While the model is non-integrable, its dynamics can be investigated using the numerical technique of the truncated conformal spectrum approach combined with numerical and analytical renormalization groups (TCSA+RG). The numerical results so obtained provide support for a semiclassical analysis valid at k » 1. Namely, we find that the low energy behavior is sensitive to the sign of the coupling constant, λ. Moreover for λ >more » 0 this behavior depends on whether k is even or odd. With k even, we find definitive evidence that the model at low energies is equivalent to the massive O(3) sigma model. For k odd, the numerical evidence is more equivocal, but we find indications that the low energy effective theory is critical.« less

On the classification of weakly integral modular categories

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bruillard, Paul; Galindo, César; Ng, Siu-Hung

In this paper we classify all modular categories of dimension 4m, where m is an odd square-free integer, and all rank 6 and rank 7 weakly integral modular categories. This completes the classification of weakly integral modular categories through rank 7. In particular, our results imply that all integral modular categories of rank at most 7 are pointed (that is, every simple object has dimension 1). All the non-integral (but weakly integral) modular categories of ranks 6 and 7 have dimension 4m, with m an odd square free integer, so their classification is an application of our main result. Themore » classification of rank 7 integral modular categories is facilitated by an analysis of the two group actions on modular categories: the Galois group of the field generated by the entries of the S-matrix and the group of invertible isomorphism classes of objects. We derive some valuable arithmetic consequences from these actions.« less

Low incidence of DNA sequence variation in human induced pluripotent stem cells generated by non-integrating plasmid expression

PubMed Central

Cheng, Linzhao; Hansen, Nancy F.; Zhao, Ling; Du, Yutao; Zou, Chunlin; Donovan, Frank X.; Chou, Bin-Kuan; Zhou, Guangyu; Li, Shijie; Dowey, Sarah N.; Ye, Zhaohui; Chandrasekharappa, Settara C.; Yang, Huanming; Mullikin, James C.; Liu, P. Paul

2012-01-01

Summary The utility of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as models to study diseases and as sources for cell therapy depends on the integrity of their genomes. Despite recent publications of DNA sequence variations in the iPSCs, the true scope of such changes for the entire genome is not clear. Here we report the whole-genome sequencing of three human iPSC lines derived from two cell types of an adult donor by episomal vectors. The vector sequence was undetectable in the deeply sequenced iPSC lines. We identified 1058–1808 heterozygous single nucleotide variants (SNVs), but no copy number variants, in each iPSC line. Six to twelve of these SNVs were within coding regions in each iPSC line, but ~50% of them are synonymous changes and the remaining are not selectively enriched for known genes associated with cancers. Our data thus suggest that episome-mediated reprogramming is not inherently mutagenic during integration-free iPSC induction. PMID:22385660

Trajectory planning of mobile robots using indirect solution of optimal control method in generalized point-to-point task

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nazemizadeh, M.; Rahimi, H. N.; Amini Khoiy, K.

2012-03-01

This paper presents an optimal control strategy for optimal trajectory planning of mobile robots by considering nonlinear dynamic model and nonholonomic constraints of the system. The nonholonomic constraints of the system are introduced by a nonintegrable set of differential equations which represent kinematic restriction on the motion. The Lagrange's principle is employed to derive the nonlinear equations of the system. Then, the optimal path planning of the mobile robot is formulated as an optimal control problem. To set up the problem, the nonlinear equations of the system are assumed as constraints, and a minimum energy objective function is defined. To solve the problem, an indirect solution of the optimal control method is employed, and conditions of the optimality derived as a set of coupled nonlinear differential equations. The optimality equations are solved numerically, and various simulations are performed for a nonholonomic mobile robot to illustrate effectiveness of the proposed method.

Histogram deconvolution - An aid to automated classifiers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lorre, J. J.

1983-01-01

It is shown that N-dimensional histograms are convolved by the addition of noise in the picture domain. Three methods are described which provide the ability to deconvolve such noise-affected histograms. The purpose of the deconvolution is to provide automated classifiers with a higher quality N-dimensional histogram from which to obtain classification statistics.

On Pauli's Invention of Non-Abelian Kaluza-Klein Theory in 1953

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Straumann, N.

2002-12-01

There are documents which show that Wolfgang Pauli developed in 1953 the first consistent generalization of the five-dimensional theory of Kaluza, Klein, Fock and others to a higher dimensional internal space. Because he saw no way to give masses to the gauge bosons, he refrained from publishing his results formally.

Investigating Various Application Areas of Three-Dimensional Virtual Worlds for Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ghanbarzadeh, Reza; Ghapanchi, Amir Hossein

2018-01-01

Three-dimensional virtual world (3DVW) have been adopted extensively in the education sector worldwide, and there has been remarkable growth in the application of these environments for distance learning. A wide variety of universities and educational organizations across the world have utilized this technology for their regular learning and…

Pions as gluons in higher dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheung, Clifford; Remmen, Grant N.; Shen, Chia-Hsien; Wen, Congkao

2018-04-01

We derive the nonlinear sigma model as a peculiar dimensional reduction of Yang-Mills theory. In this framework, pions are reformulated as higher-dimensional gluons arranged in a kinematic configuration that only probes cubic interactions. This procedure yields a purely cubic action for the nonlinear sigma model that exhibits a symmetry enforcing color-kinematics duality. Remarkably, the associated kinematic algebra originates directly from the Poincaré algebra in higher dimensions. Applying the same construction to gravity yields a new quartic action for Born-Infeld theory and, applied once more, a cubic action for the special Galileon theory. Since the nonlinear sigma model and special Galileon are subtly encoded in the cubic sectors of Yang-Mills theory and gravity, respectively, their double copy relationship is automatic.

A fast elitism Gaussian estimation of distribution algorithm and application for PID optimization.

PubMed

Xu, Qingyang; Zhang, Chengjin; Zhang, Li

2014-01-01

Estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) is an intelligent optimization algorithm based on the probability statistics theory. A fast elitism Gaussian estimation of distribution algorithm (FEGEDA) is proposed in this paper. The Gaussian probability model is used to model the solution distribution. The parameters of Gaussian come from the statistical information of the best individuals by fast learning rule. A fast learning rule is used to enhance the efficiency of the algorithm, and an elitism strategy is used to maintain the convergent performance. The performances of the algorithm are examined based upon several benchmarks. In the simulations, a one-dimensional benchmark is used to visualize the optimization process and probability model learning process during the evolution, and several two-dimensional and higher dimensional benchmarks are used to testify the performance of FEGEDA. The experimental results indicate the capability of FEGEDA, especially in the higher dimensional problems, and the FEGEDA exhibits a better performance than some other algorithms and EDAs. Finally, FEGEDA is used in PID controller optimization of PMSM and compared with the classical-PID and GA.

A Fast Elitism Gaussian Estimation of Distribution Algorithm and Application for PID Optimization

PubMed Central

Xu, Qingyang; Zhang, Chengjin; Zhang, Li

2014-01-01

Estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) is an intelligent optimization algorithm based on the probability statistics theory. A fast elitism Gaussian estimation of distribution algorithm (FEGEDA) is proposed in this paper. The Gaussian probability model is used to model the solution distribution. The parameters of Gaussian come from the statistical information of the best individuals by fast learning rule. A fast learning rule is used to enhance the efficiency of the algorithm, and an elitism strategy is used to maintain the convergent performance. The performances of the algorithm are examined based upon several benchmarks. In the simulations, a one-dimensional benchmark is used to visualize the optimization process and probability model learning process during the evolution, and several two-dimensional and higher dimensional benchmarks are used to testify the performance of FEGEDA. The experimental results indicate the capability of FEGEDA, especially in the higher dimensional problems, and the FEGEDA exhibits a better performance than some other algorithms and EDAs. Finally, FEGEDA is used in PID controller optimization of PMSM and compared with the classical-PID and GA. PMID:24892059

Performance analysis of three-dimensional-triple-level cell and two-dimensional-multi-level cell NAND flash hybrid solid-state drives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sakaki, Yukiya; Yamada, Tomoaki; Matsui, Chihiro; Yamaga, Yusuke; Takeuchi, Ken

2018-04-01

In order to improve performance of solid-state drives (SSDs), hybrid SSDs have been proposed. Hybrid SSDs consist of more than two types of NAND flash memories or NAND flash memories and storage-class memories (SCMs). However, the cost of hybrid SSDs adopting SCMs is more expensive than that of NAND flash only SSDs because of the high bit cost of SCMs. This paper proposes unique hybrid SSDs with two-dimensional (2D) horizontal multi-level cell (MLC)/three-dimensional (3D) vertical triple-level cell (TLC) NAND flash memories to achieve higher cost-performance. The 2D-MLC/3D-TLC hybrid SSD achieves up to 31% higher performance than the conventional 2D-MLC/2D-TLC hybrid SSD. The factors of different performance between the proposed hybrid SSD and the conventional hybrid SSD are analyzed by changing its block size, read/write/erase latencies, and write unit of 3D-TLC NAND flash memory, by means of a transaction-level modeling simulator.

Exploring extra dimensions with scalar fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brown, Katherine; Mathur, Harsh; Verostek, Mike

2018-05-01

This paper provides a pedagogical introduction to the physics of extra dimensions by examining the behavior of scalar fields in three landmark models: the ADD, Randall-Sundrum, and DGP spacetimes. Results of this analysis provide qualitative insights into the corresponding behavior of gravitational fields and elementary particles in each of these models. In these "brane world" models, the familiar four dimensional spacetime of everyday experience is called the brane and is a slice through a higher dimensional spacetime called the bulk. The particles and fields of the standard model are assumed to be confined to the brane, while gravitational fields are assumed to propagate in the bulk. For all three spacetimes, we calculate the spectrum of propagating scalar wave modes and the scalar field produced by a static point source located on the brane. For the ADD and Randall-Sundrum models, at large distances, the field looks like that of a point source in four spacetime dimensions, but at short distances, it crosses over to a form appropriate to the higher dimensional spacetime. For the DGP model, the field has the higher dimensional form at long distances rather than short. The behavior of these scalar fields, derived using only undergraduate level mathematics, closely mirror the results that one would obtain by performing the far more difficult task of analyzing the behavior of gravitational fields in these spacetimes.

Construction of high-dimensional universal quantum logic gates using a Λ system coupled with a whispering-gallery-mode microresonator.

PubMed

He, Ling Yan; Wang, Tie-Jun; Wang, Chuan

2016-07-11

High-dimensional quantum system provides a higher capacity of quantum channel, which exhibits potential applications in quantum information processing. However, high-dimensional universal quantum logic gates is difficult to achieve directly with only high-dimensional interaction between two quantum systems and requires a large number of two-dimensional gates to build even a small high-dimensional quantum circuits. In this paper, we propose a scheme to implement a general controlled-flip (CF) gate where the high-dimensional single photon serve as the target qudit and stationary qubits work as the control logic qudit, by employing a three-level Λ-type system coupled with a whispering-gallery-mode microresonator. In our scheme, the required number of interaction times between the photon and solid state system reduce greatly compared with the traditional method which decomposes the high-dimensional Hilbert space into 2-dimensional quantum space, and it is on a shorter temporal scale for the experimental realization. Moreover, we discuss the performance and feasibility of our hybrid CF gate, concluding that it can be easily extended to a 2n-dimensional case and it is feasible with current technology.

Describing polyhedral tilings and higher dimensional polytopes by sequence of their two-dimensional components

PubMed Central

Nishio, Kengo; Miyazaki, Takehide

2017-01-01

Polyhedral tilings are often used to represent structures such as atoms in materials, grains in crystals, foams, galaxies in the universe, etc. In the previous paper, we have developed a theory to convert a way of how polyhedra are arranged to form a polyhedral tiling into a codeword (series of numbers) from which the original structure can be recovered. The previous theory is based on the idea of forming a polyhedral tiling by gluing together polyhedra face to face. In this paper, we show that the codeword contains redundant digits not needed for recovering the original structure, and develop a theory to reduce the redundancy. For this purpose, instead of polyhedra, we regard two-dimensional regions shared by faces of adjacent polyhedra as building blocks of a polyhedral tiling. Using the present method, the same information is represented by a shorter codeword whose length is reduced by up to the half of the original one. Shorter codewords are easier to handle for both humans and computers, and thus more useful to describe polyhedral tilings. By generalizing the idea of assembling two-dimensional components to higher dimensional polytopes, we develop a unified theory to represent polyhedral tilings and polytopes of different dimensions in the same light. PMID:28094254

SCL-90-R emotional distress ratings in substance use and impulse control disorders: One-factor, oblique first-order, higher-order, and bi-factor models compared.

PubMed

Arrindell, Willem A; Urbán, Róbert; Carrozzino, Danilo; Bech, Per; Demetrovics, Zsolt; Roozen, Hendrik G

2017-09-01

To fully understand the dimensionality of an instrument in a certain population, rival bi-factor models should be routinely examined and tested against oblique first-order and higher-order structures. The present study is among the very few studies that have carried out such a comparison in relation to the Symptom Checklist-90-R. In doing so, it utilized a sample comprising 2593 patients with substance use and impulse control disorders. The study also included a test of a one-dimensional model of general psychological distress. Oblique first-order factors were based on the original a priori 9-dimensional model advanced by Derogatis (1977); and on an 8-dimensional model proposed by Arrindell and Ettema (2003)-Agoraphobia, Anxiety, Depression, Somatization, Cognitive-performance deficits, Interpersonal sensitivity and mistrust, Acting-out hostility, and Sleep difficulties. Taking individual symptoms as input, three higher-order models were tested with at the second-order levels either (1) General psychological distress; (2) 'Panic with agoraphobia', 'Depression' and 'Extra-punitive behavior'; or (3) 'Irritable-hostile depression' and 'Panic with agoraphobia'. In line with previous studies, no support was found for the one-factor model. Bi-factor models were found to fit the dataset best relative to the oblique first-order and higher-order models. However, oblique first-order and higher-order factor models also fit the data fairly well in absolute terms. Higher-order solution (2) provided support for R.F. Krueger's empirical model of psychopathology which distinguishes between fear, distress, and externalizing factors (Krueger, 1999). The higher-order model (3), which combines externalizing and distress factors (Irritable-hostile depression), fit the data numerically equally well. Overall, findings were interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that the prevalent forms of symptomatology addressed have both important common and unique features. Proposals were made to improve the Depression subscale as its scores represent more of a very common construct as is measured with the severity (total) scale than of a specific measure that purports to measure what it should assess-symptoms of depression. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Six-dimensional quantum dynamics study for the dissociative adsorption of HCl on Au(111) surface

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Tianhui; Fu, Bina; Zhang, Dong H., E-mail: zhangdh@dicp.ac.cn

The six-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations for the dissociative chemisorption of HCl on Au(111) are carried out using the time-dependent wave-packet approach, based on an accurate PES which was recently developed by neural network fitting to density functional theory energy points. The influence of vibrational excitation and rotational orientation of HCl on the reactivity is investigated by calculating the exact six-dimensional dissociation probabilities, as well as the four-dimensional fixed-site dissociation probabilities. The vibrational excitation of HCl enhances the reactivity and the helicopter orientation yields higher dissociation probability than the cartwheel orientation. A new interesting site-averaged effect is found for the titlemore » molecule-surface system that one can essentially reproduce the six-dimensional dissociation probability by averaging the four-dimensional dissociation probabilities over 25 fixed sites.« less

Defining Simple nD Operations Based on Prosmatic nD Objects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arroyo Ohori, K.; Ledoux, H.; Stoter, J.

2016-10-01

An alternative to the traditional approaches to model separately 2D/3D space, time, scale and other parametrisable characteristics in GIS lies in the higher-dimensional modelling of geographic information, in which a chosen set of non-spatial characteristics, e.g. time and scale, are modelled as extra geometric dimensions perpendicular to the spatial ones, thus creating a higher-dimensional model. While higher-dimensional models are undoubtedly powerful, they are also hard to create and manipulate due to our lack of an intuitive understanding in dimensions higher than three. As a solution to this problem, this paper proposes a methodology that makes nD object generation easier by splitting the creation and manipulation process into three steps: (i) constructing simple nD objects based on nD prismatic polytopes - analogous to prisms in 3D -, (ii) defining simple modification operations at the vertex level, and (iii) simple postprocessing to fix errors introduced in the model. As a use case, we show how two sets of operations can be defined and implemented in a dimension-independent manner using this methodology: the most common transformations (i.e. translation, scaling and rotation) and the collapse of objects. The nD objects generated in this manner can then be used as a basis for an nD GIS.

Third-order dissipative hydrodynamics from the entropy principle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El, Andrej; Xu, Zhe; Greiner, Carsten

2010-06-01

We review the entropy based derivation of third-order hydrodynamic equations and compare their solutions in one-dimensional boost-invariant geometry with calculations by the partonic cascade BAMPS. We demonstrate that Grad's approximation, which underlies the derivation of both Israel-Stewart and third-order equations, describes the transverse spectra from BAMPS with high accuracy. At the same time solutions of third-order equations are much closer to BAMPS results than solutions of Israel-Stewart equations. Introducing a resummation scheme for all higher-oder corrections to one-dimensional hydrodynamic equation we demonstrate the importance of higher-order terms if the Knudsen number is large.

New Views on Dark Matter from Emergent Gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Sichun; Zhang, Yun-Long

2018-01-01

We discuss a scenario that apparent dark matter comes from the induced gravity in the (3+1)- dimensional spacetime, which can be embedded into one higher dimensional flat spacetime. The stress tensor of dark energy and dark matter is identified with the Brown-York stress tensor on the hypersurface, and we find an interesting constraint relation between the dark matter and dark energy density parameter and baryonic density parameter. Our approach may show a new understanding for Verlinde's emergent gravity from higher dimensions. We also comment on some phenomenological implications, including gravitational wave solutions and MOND limit.

Two-dimensional Fano lineshapes: Excited-state absorption contributions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Finkelstein-Shapiro, Daniel; Pullerits, Tõnu; Hansen, Thorsten

2018-05-01

Fano interferences in nanostructures are influenced by dissipation effects as well as many-body interactions. Two-dimensional coherent spectroscopies have just begun to be applied to these systems where the spectroscopic signatures of a discrete-continuum structure are not known. In this article, we calculate the excited-state absorption contribution for different models of higher lying excited states. We find that the characteristic asymmetry of one-dimensional spectroscopies is recovered from the many-body contributions and that the higher lying excited manifolds have distorted lineshapes that are not anticipated from discrete-level Hamiltonians. We show that the Stimulated Emission cannot have contributions from a flat continuum of states. This work completes the Ground-State Bleach and Stimulated Emission signals that were calculated previously [D. Finkelstein-Shapiro et al., Phys. Rev. B 94, 205137 (2016)]. The model reproduces the observations reported for molecules on surfaces probed by 2DIR.

Conformal killing tensors and covariant Hamiltonian dynamics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cariglia, M., E-mail: marco@iceb.ufop.br; Gibbons, G. W., E-mail: G.W.Gibbons@damtp.cam.ac.uk; LE STUDIUM, Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, Tours and Orleans

2014-12-15

A covariant algorithm for deriving the conserved quantities for natural Hamiltonian systems is combined with the non-relativistic framework of Eisenhart, and of Duval, in which the classical trajectories arise as geodesics in a higher dimensional space-time, realized by Brinkmann manifolds. Conserved quantities which are polynomial in the momenta can be built using time-dependent conformal Killing tensors with flux. The latter are associated with terms proportional to the Hamiltonian in the lower dimensional theory and with spectrum generating algebras for higher dimensional quantities of order 1 and 2 in the momenta. Illustrations of the general theory include the Runge-Lenz vector formore » planetary motion with a time-dependent gravitational constant G(t), motion in a time-dependent electromagnetic field of a certain form, quantum dots, the Hénon-Heiles and Holt systems, respectively, providing us with Killing tensors of rank that ranges from one to six.« less

Generating a New Higher-Dimensional Coupled Integrable Dispersionless System: Algebraic Structures, Bäcklund Transformation and Hidden Structural Symmetries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Souleymanou, Abbagari; Thomas, B. Bouetou; Timoleon, C. Kofane

2013-08-01

The prolongation structure methodologies of Wahlquist—Estabrook [H.D. Wahlquist and F.B. Estabrook, J. Math. Phys. 16 (1975) 1] for nonlinear differential equations are applied to a more general set of coupled integrable dispersionless system. Based on the obtained prolongation structure, a Lie-Algebra valued connection of a closed ideal of exterior differential forms related to the above system is constructed. A Lie-Algebra representation of some hidden structural symmetries of the previous system, its Bäcklund transformation using the Riccati form of the linear eigenvalue problem and their general corresponding Lax-representation are derived. In the wake of the previous results, we extend the above prolongation scheme to higher-dimensional systems from which a new (2 + 1)-dimensional coupled integrable dispersionless system is unveiled along with its inverse scattering formulation, which applications are straightforward in nonlinear optics where additional propagating dimension deserves some attention.

Automated computation of autonomous spectral submanifolds for nonlinear modal analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ponsioen, Sten; Pedergnana, Tiemo; Haller, George

2018-04-01

We discuss an automated computational methodology for computing two-dimensional spectral submanifolds (SSMs) in autonomous nonlinear mechanical systems of arbitrary degrees of freedom. In our algorithm, SSMs, the smoothest nonlinear continuations of modal subspaces of the linearized system, are constructed up to arbitrary orders of accuracy, using the parameterization method. An advantage of this approach is that the construction of the SSMs does not break down when the SSM folds over its underlying spectral subspace. A further advantage is an automated a posteriori error estimation feature that enables a systematic increase in the orders of the SSM computation until the required accuracy is reached. We find that the present algorithm provides a major speed-up, relative to numerical continuation methods, in the computation of backbone curves, especially in higher-dimensional problems. We illustrate the accuracy and speed of the automated SSM algorithm on lower- and higher-dimensional mechanical systems.

Two-dimensional Fano lineshapes: Excited-state absorption contributions.

PubMed

Finkelstein-Shapiro, Daniel; Pullerits, Tõnu; Hansen, Thorsten

2018-05-14

Fano interferences in nanostructures are influenced by dissipation effects as well as many-body interactions. Two-dimensional coherent spectroscopies have just begun to be applied to these systems where the spectroscopic signatures of a discrete-continuum structure are not known. In this article, we calculate the excited-state absorption contribution for different models of higher lying excited states. We find that the characteristic asymmetry of one-dimensional spectroscopies is recovered from the many-body contributions and that the higher lying excited manifolds have distorted lineshapes that are not anticipated from discrete-level Hamiltonians. We show that the Stimulated Emission cannot have contributions from a flat continuum of states. This work completes the Ground-State Bleach and Stimulated Emission signals that were calculated previously [D. Finkelstein-Shapiro et al., Phys. Rev. B 94, 205137 (2016)]. The model reproduces the observations reported for molecules on surfaces probed by 2DIR.

The raccoon polyomavirus genome and tumor antigen transcription are stable and abundant in neuroglial tumors.

PubMed

Brostoff, Terza; Dela Cruz, Florante N; Church, Molly E; Woolard, Kevin D; Pesavento, Patricia A

2014-11-01

Raccoon polyomavirus (RacPyV) is associated with 100% of neuroglial tumors in free-ranging raccoons. Other tumor-associated polyomaviruses (PyVs), including simian virus 40 (SV40), murine PyV, and Merkel cell PyV, are found integrated in the host genome in neoplastic cells, where they constitutively express splice variants of the tumor antigen (TAg) gene. We have previously reported that RacPyV exists only as an episome (nonintegrated) in neuroglial tumors. Here, we have investigated TAg transcription in primary tumor tissue by transcriptome analysis, and we identified the alternatively spliced TAg transcripts for RacPyV. We also determined that TAg was highly transcribed relative to host cellular genes. We further colocalized TAg DNA and mRNA by in situ hybridization and found that the majority of tumor cells showed positive staining. Lastly, we examined the stability of the viral genome and TAg transcription by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR in cultured tumor cells in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model. When tumor cells were cultured in vitro, TAg transcription increased nearly 2 log-fold over that of parental tumor tissue by passage 17. Both episomal viral genome and TAg transcription were faithfully maintained in culture and in tumors arising from xenotransplantation of cultured cells in mice. This study represents a minimal criterion for RacPyV's association with neuroglial tumors and a novel mechanism of stability for a polyomavirus in cancer. The natural cycle of polyomaviruses in mammals is to persist in the host without causing disease, but they can cause cancer in humans or in other animals. Because this is an unpredictable and rare event, the oncogenic potential of polyomavirus is primarily evaluated in laboratory animal models. Recently, raccoon polyomavirus (RacPyV) was identified in neuroglial tumors of free-ranging raccoons. Viral copy number was consistently high in these tumors but was low or undetectable in nontumor tissue or in unaffected raccoons. Unlike other oncogenic polyomaviruses, RacPyV was episomal, not integrated, in these tumors. To determine the stability of the viral genome and sustained transcription of the oncogenic tumor antigen genes, we cultured primary raccoon tumor cells and passaged them in mice, confirming the nonintegrated state of the virus and the maintenance of viral gene transcription throughout. RacPyV provides a naturally occurring and tractable model for a novel mechanism of polyomavirus-mediated oncogenesis. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Raccoon Polyomavirus Genome and Tumor Antigen Transcription Are Stable and Abundant in Neuroglial Tumors

PubMed Central

Brostoff, Terza; Dela Cruz, Florante N.; Church, Molly E.; Woolard, Kevin D.

2014-01-01

ABSTRACT Raccoon polyomavirus (RacPyV) is associated with 100% of neuroglial tumors in free-ranging raccoons. Other tumor-associated polyomaviruses (PyVs), including simian virus 40 (SV40), murine PyV, and Merkel cell PyV, are found integrated in the host genome in neoplastic cells, where they constitutively express splice variants of the tumor antigen (TAg) gene. We have previously reported that RacPyV exists only as an episome (nonintegrated) in neuroglial tumors. Here, we have investigated TAg transcription in primary tumor tissue by transcriptome analysis, and we identified the alternatively spliced TAg transcripts for RacPyV. We also determined that TAg was highly transcribed relative to host cellular genes. We further colocalized TAg DNA and mRNA by in situ hybridization and found that the majority of tumor cells showed positive staining. Lastly, we examined the stability of the viral genome and TAg transcription by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR in cultured tumor cells in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model. When tumor cells were cultured in vitro, TAg transcription increased nearly 2 log-fold over that of parental tumor tissue by passage 17. Both episomal viral genome and TAg transcription were faithfully maintained in culture and in tumors arising from xenotransplantation of cultured cells in mice. This study represents a minimal criterion for RacPyV's association with neuroglial tumors and a novel mechanism of stability for a polyomavirus in cancer. IMPORTANCE The natural cycle of polyomaviruses in mammals is to persist in the host without causing disease, but they can cause cancer in humans or in other animals. Because this is an unpredictable and rare event, the oncogenic potential of polyomavirus is primarily evaluated in laboratory animal models. Recently, raccoon polyomavirus (RacPyV) was identified in neuroglial tumors of free-ranging raccoons. Viral copy number was consistently high in these tumors but was low or undetectable in nontumor tissue or in unaffected raccoons. Unlike other oncogenic polyomaviruses, RacPyV was episomal, not integrated, in these tumors. To determine the stability of the viral genome and sustained transcription of the oncogenic tumor antigen genes, we cultured primary raccoon tumor cells and passaged them in mice, confirming the nonintegrated state of the virus and the maintenance of viral gene transcription throughout. RacPyV provides a naturally occurring and tractable model for a novel mechanism of polyomavirus-mediated oncogenesis. PMID:25165109

Application of the coherent anomaly method to percolation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takayasu, Misako; Takayasu, Hideki

1988-03-01

Applying the coherent anomaly method (CAM) to site percolation problems, we estimate the percolation threshold pc and critical exponents. We obtain pc=0.589, β=0.140, γ=2.426 on the two-dimensional square lattice. These values are in good agreement with the values already known. We also investigate higher-dimensional cases by this method.

Application of the Coherent Anomaly Method to Percolation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takayasu, Misako; Takayasu, Hideki

Applying the coherent anomaly method (CAM) to site percolation problems, we estimate the percolation threshold ϱc and critical exponents. We obtain pc = 0.589, Β=0.140, Γ = 2.426 on the two-dimensional square lattice. These values are in good agreement with the values already known. We also investigate higher-dimensional cases by this method.

An embedding for the big bang

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wesson, Paul S.

1994-01-01

A cosmological model is given that has good physical properties for the early and late universe but is a hypersurface in a flat five-dimensional manifold. The big bang can therefore be regarded as an effect of a choice of coordinates in a truncated higher-dimensional geometry. Thus the big bang is in some sense a geometrical illusion.

Anomalous dimensionality dependence of diffusion in a rugged energy landscape: How pathological is one dimension?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seki, Kazuhiko; Bagchi, Kaushik; Bagchi, Biman

2016-05-01

Diffusion in one dimensional rugged energy landscape (REL) is predicted to be pathologically different (from any higher dimension) with a much larger chance of encountering broken ergodicity [D. L. Stein and C. M. Newman, AIP Conf. Proc. 1479, 620 (2012)]. However, no quantitative study of this difference has been reported, despite the prevalence of multidimensional physical models in the literature (like a high dimensional funnel guiding protein folding/unfolding). Paradoxically, some theoretical studies of these phenomena still employ a one dimensional diffusion description for analytical tractability. We explore the dimensionality dependent diffusion on REL by carrying out an effective medium approximation based analytical calculations and compare them with the available computer simulation results. We find that at an intermediate level of ruggedness (assumed to have a Gaussian distribution), where diffusion is well-defined, the value of the effective diffusion coefficient depends on dimensionality and changes (increases) by several factors (˜5-10) in going from 1d to 2d. In contrast, the changes in subsequent transitions (like 2d to 3d and 3d to 4d and so on) are far more modest, of the order of 10-20% only. When ruggedness is given by random traps with an exponential distribution of barrier heights, the mean square displacement (MSD) is sub-diffusive (a well-known result), but the growth of MSD is described by different exponents in one and higher dimensions. The reason for such strong ruggedness induced retardation in the case of one dimensional REL is discussed. We also discuss the special limiting case of infinite dimension (d = ∞) where the effective medium approximation becomes exact and where theoretical results become simple. We discuss, for the first time, the role of spatial correlation in the landscape on diffusion of a random walker.

Anomalous dimensionality dependence of diffusion in a rugged energy landscape: How pathological is one dimension?

PubMed

Seki, Kazuhiko; Bagchi, Kaushik; Bagchi, Biman

2016-05-21

Diffusion in one dimensional rugged energy landscape (REL) is predicted to be pathologically different (from any higher dimension) with a much larger chance of encountering broken ergodicity [D. L. Stein and C. M. Newman, AIP Conf. Proc. 1479, 620 (2012)]. However, no quantitative study of this difference has been reported, despite the prevalence of multidimensional physical models in the literature (like a high dimensional funnel guiding protein folding/unfolding). Paradoxically, some theoretical studies of these phenomena still employ a one dimensional diffusion description for analytical tractability. We explore the dimensionality dependent diffusion on REL by carrying out an effective medium approximation based analytical calculations and compare them with the available computer simulation results. We find that at an intermediate level of ruggedness (assumed to have a Gaussian distribution), where diffusion is well-defined, the value of the effective diffusion coefficient depends on dimensionality and changes (increases) by several factors (∼5-10) in going from 1d to 2d. In contrast, the changes in subsequent transitions (like 2d to 3d and 3d to 4d and so on) are far more modest, of the order of 10-20% only. When ruggedness is given by random traps with an exponential distribution of barrier heights, the mean square displacement (MSD) is sub-diffusive (a well-known result), but the growth of MSD is described by different exponents in one and higher dimensions. The reason for such strong ruggedness induced retardation in the case of one dimensional REL is discussed. We also discuss the special limiting case of infinite dimension (d = ∞) where the effective medium approximation becomes exact and where theoretical results become simple. We discuss, for the first time, the role of spatial correlation in the landscape on diffusion of a random walker.

Optimizing separations in online comprehensive two‐dimensional liquid chromatography

PubMed Central

Gargano, Andrea F.G.; Schoenmakers, Peter J.

2017-01-01

Abstract Online comprehensive two‐dimensional liquid chromatography has become an attractive option for the analysis of complex nonvolatile samples found in various fields (e.g. environmental studies, food, life, and polymer sciences). Two‐dimensional liquid chromatography complements the highly popular hyphenated systems that combine liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Two‐dimensional liquid chromatography is also applied to the analysis of samples that are not compatible with mass spectrometry (e.g. high‐molecular‐weight polymers), providing important information on the distribution of the sample components along chemical dimensions (molecular weight, charge, lipophilicity, stereochemistry, etc.). Also, in comparison with conventional one‐dimensional liquid chromatography, two‐dimensional liquid chromatography provides a greater separation power (peak capacity). Because of the additional selectivity and higher peak capacity, the combination of two‐dimensional liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry allows for simpler mixtures of compounds to be introduced in the ion source at any given time, improving quantitative analysis by reducing matrix effects. In this review, we summarize the rationale and principles of two‐dimensional liquid chromatography experiments, describe advantages and disadvantages of combining different selectivities and discuss strategies to improve the quality of two‐dimensional liquid chromatography separations. PMID:29027363

Travelling-wave solutions of a weakly nonlinear two-dimensional higher-order Kadomtsev-Petviashvili dynamical equation for dispersive shallow-water waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seadawy, Aly R.

2017-01-01

The propagation of three-dimensional nonlinear irrotational flow of an inviscid and incompressible fluid of the long waves in dispersive shallow-water approximation is analyzed. The problem formulation of the long waves in dispersive shallow-water approximation lead to fifth-order Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) dynamical equation by applying the reductive perturbation theory. By using an extended auxiliary equation method, the solitary travelling-wave solutions of the two-dimensional nonlinear fifth-order KP dynamical equation are derived. An analytical as well as a numerical solution of the two-dimensional nonlinear KP equation are obtained and analyzed with the effects of external pressure flow.

Robust video copy detection approach based on local tangent space alignment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nie, Xiushan; Qiao, Qianping

2012-04-01

We propose a robust content-based video copy detection approach based on local tangent space alignment (LTSA), which is an efficient dimensionality reduction algorithm. The idea is motivated by the fact that the content of video becomes richer and the dimension of content becomes higher. It does not give natural tools for video analysis and understanding because of the high dimensionality. The proposed approach reduces the dimensionality of video content using LTSA, and then generates video fingerprints in low dimensional space for video copy detection. Furthermore, a dynamic sliding window is applied to fingerprint matching. Experimental results show that the video copy detection approach has good robustness and discrimination.

Inflation from extra dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Levin, Janna J.

1995-02-01

A gravity-driven inflation is shown to arise from a simple higher-dimensional universe. In vacuum, the shear of n > 1 contracting dimensions is able to inflate the remaining three spatial dimensions. Said another way, the expansion of the 3-volume is accelerated by the contraction of the n-volume. Upon dimensional reduction, the theory is equivalent to a four-dimensional cosmology with a dynamical Planck mass. A connection can therefore be made to recent examples of inflation powered by a dilaton kinetic energy. Unfortunately, the graceful exit problem encountered in dilaton cosmologies will haunt this cosmology as well.

Note on cosmological Levi-Civita spacetimes in higher dimensions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sarioglu, Oezguer; Tekin, Bayram

2009-04-15

We find a class of solutions to cosmological Einstein equations that generalizes the four dimensional cylindrically symmetric spacetimes to higher dimensions. The AdS soliton is a special member of this class with a unique singularity structure.

Phenotypic and genetic structure of traits delineating personality disorder.

PubMed

Livesley, W J; Jang, K L; Vernon, P A

1998-10-01

The evidence suggests that personality traits are hierarchically organized with more specific or lower-order traits combining to form more generalized higher-order traits. Agreement exists across studies regarding the lower-order traits that delineate personality disorder but not the higher-order traits. This study seeks to identify the higher-order structure of personality disorder by examining the phenotypic and genetic structures underlying lower-order traits. Eighteen lower-order traits were assessed using the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Disorder-Basic Questionnaire in samples of 656 personality disordered patients, 939 general population subjects, and a volunteer sample of 686 twin pairs. Principal components analysis yielded 4 components, labeled Emotional Dysregulation, Dissocial Behavior, Inhibitedness, and Compulsivity, that were similar across the 3 samples. Multivariate genetic analyses also yielded 4 genetic and environmental factors that were remarkably similar to the phenotypic factors. Analysis of the residual heritability of the lower-order traits when the effects of the higher-order factors were removed revealed a substantial residual heritable component for 12 of the 18 traits. The results support the following conclusions. First, the stable structure of traits across clinical and nonclinical samples is consistent with dimensional representations of personality disorders. Second, the higher-order traits of personality disorder strongly resemble dimensions of normal personality. This implies that a dimensional classification should be compatible with normative personality. Third, the residual heritability of the lower-order traits suggests that the personality phenotypes are based on a large number of specific genetic components.

Vacuum solutions of five dimensional Einstein equations generated by inverse scattering method. II. Production of the black ring solution

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tomizawa, Shinya; Nozawa, Masato

2006-06-15

We study vacuum solutions of five-dimensional Einstein equations generated by the inverse scattering method. We reproduce the black ring solution which was found by Emparan and Reall by taking the Euclidean Levi-Civita metric plus one-dimensional flat space as a seed. This transformation consists of two successive processes; the first step is to perform the three-solitonic transformation of the Euclidean Levi-Civita metric with one-dimensional flat space as a seed. The resulting metric is the Euclidean C-metric with extra one-dimensional flat space. The second is to perform the two-solitonic transformation by taking it as a new seed. Our result may serve asmore » a stepping stone to find new exact solutions in higher dimensions.« less

Bose-Einstein condensation in chains with power-law hoppings: Exact mapping on the critical behavior in d-dimensional regular lattices.

PubMed

Dias, W S; Bertrand, D; Lyra, M L

2017-06-01

Recent experimental progress on the realization of quantum systems with highly controllable long-range interactions has impelled the study of quantum phase transitions in low-dimensional systems with power-law couplings. Long-range couplings mimic higher-dimensional effects in several physical contexts. Here, we provide the exact relation between the spectral dimension d at the band bottom and the exponent α that tunes the range of power-law hoppings of a one-dimensional ideal lattice Bose gas. We also develop a finite-size scaling analysis to obtain some relevant critical exponents and the critical temperature of the BEC transition. In particular, an irrelevant dangerous scaling field has to be taken into account when the hopping range is sufficiently large to make the effective dimensionality d>4.

Bose-Einstein condensation in chains with power-law hoppings: Exact mapping on the critical behavior in d -dimensional regular lattices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dias, W. S.; Bertrand, D.; Lyra, M. L.

2017-06-01

Recent experimental progress on the realization of quantum systems with highly controllable long-range interactions has impelled the study of quantum phase transitions in low-dimensional systems with power-law couplings. Long-range couplings mimic higher-dimensional effects in several physical contexts. Here, we provide the exact relation between the spectral dimension d at the band bottom and the exponent α that tunes the range of power-law hoppings of a one-dimensional ideal lattice Bose gas. We also develop a finite-size scaling analysis to obtain some relevant critical exponents and the critical temperature of the BEC transition. In particular, an irrelevant dangerous scaling field has to be taken into account when the hopping range is sufficiently large to make the effective dimensionality d >4 .

Effect of electron beam irradiation and microencapsulation on the flame retardancy of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer materials during hot water ageing test

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sheng, Haibo; Zhang, Yan; Wang, Bibo; Yu, Bin; Shi, Yongqian; Song, Lei; Kundu, Chanchal Kumar; Tao, Youji; Jie, Ganxin; Feng, Hao; Hu, Yuan

2017-04-01

Microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MCAPP) in combination with polyester polyurethane (TPU) was used to flame retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The EVA composites with different irradiation doses were immersed in hot water (80 °C) to accelerate ageing process. The microencapsulation and irradiation dose ensured positive impacts on the properties of the EVA composites in terms of better dimensional stability and flame retardant performance. The microencapsulation of APP could lower its solubility in water and the higher irradiation dose led to the more MCAPP immobilized in three dimensional crosslinked structure of the EVA matrix which could jointly enhance the flame retardant and electrical insulation properties of the EVA composites. So, the EVA composites with 180 kGy irradiation dose exhibited better dimensional stability than the EVA composites with 120 kGy due to the higher crosslinking degree. Moreover, the higher irradiation dose lead to the more MCAPP immobilizated in crosslinked three-dimensional structure of EVA, enhancing the flame retardancy and electrical insulation properties of the EVA composites. After ageing test in hot water at 80 °C for 2 weeks, the EVA/TPU/MCAPP composite with 180 kGy could still maintain the UL-94 V-0 rating and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value was as high as 30%. This investigation indicated the flame retardant EVA cable containing MCAPP could achieve stable properties and lower electrical fire hazard risk during long-term hot water ageing test.

Effects of mass transfer on MHD three dimensional flow of a Prandtl liquid over a flat plate in the presence of chemical reaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ganesh Kumar, K.; Rizwan-ul-Haq; Rudraswamy, N. G.; Gireesha, B. J.

The present study addresses the three-dimensional flow of a Prandtl fluid over a Riga plate in the presence of chemical reaction and convective condition. The converted set of boundary layer equations are solved numerically by RKF four-fifth method. Obtained numerical results for flow and mass transfer characteristics are discussed for various physical parameters. Additionally, the skin friction coefficient and Sherwood number are also presented. It is found that, the momentum boundary layer thickness is dominant for higher values of α and solutal boundary layer is low for higher Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter.

Interesting electrochemical properties of novel three-dimensional Ag3PO4 tetrapods as a new super capacitor electrode material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Shouguang; Teng, Fei; Chen, Mindong; Li, Na; Hua, Xia; Wang, Kai; Li, Min

2014-05-01

The novel three-dimensional (3D) silver phosphate tetrapods (TA) are synthesized and employed as a super capacitor electrode material. The electrochemical properties are investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronopotentiometry (CP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is interesting that compared with irregular silver phosphate particles (IA), TA shows a higher capacitance (250 vs. 160 F g-1), and a higher coulombic efficiency (80% vs. 74%), which is mainly ascribed to the 3D microstructure and its high conductivity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on silver phosphate as a super capacitor material.

Higher Dimensional Spacetimes for Visualizing and Modeling Subluminal, Luminal and Superluminal Flight

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Froning, H. David; Meholic, Gregory V.

2010-01-28

This paper briefly explores higher dimensional spacetimes that extend Meholic's visualizable, fluidic views of: subluminal-luminal-superluminal flight; gravity, inertia, light quanta, and electromagnetism from 2-D to 3-D representations. Although 3-D representations have the potential to better model features of Meholic's most fundamental entities (Transluminal Energy Quantum) and of the zero-point quantum vacuum that pervades all space, the more complex 3-D representations loose some of the clarity of Meholic's 2-D representations of subluminal and superlumimal realms. So, much new work would be needed to replace Meholic's 2-D views of reality with 3-D ones.

Virtual reality and the unfolding of higher dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aguilera, Julieta C.

2006-02-01

As virtual/augmented reality evolves, the need for spaces that are responsive to structures independent from three dimensional spatial constraints, become apparent. The visual medium of computer graphics may also challenge these self imposed constraints. If one can get used to how projections affect 3D objects in two dimensions, it may also be possible to compose a situation in which to get used to the variations that occur while moving through higher dimensions. The presented application is an enveloping landscape of concave and convex forms, which are determined by the orientation and displacement of the user in relation to a grid made of tesseracts (cubes in four dimensions). The interface accepts input from tridimensional and four-dimensional transformations, and smoothly displays such interactions in real-time. The motion of the user becomes the graphic element whereas the higher dimensional grid references to his/her position relative to it. The user learns how motion inputs affect the grid, recognizing a correlation between the input and the transformations. Mapping information to complex grids in virtual reality is valuable for engineers, artists and users in general because navigation can be internalized like a dance pattern, and further engage us to maneuver space in order to know and experience.

Relativistic collisions as Yang-Baxter maps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kouloukas, Theodoros E.

2017-10-01

We prove that one-dimensional elastic relativistic collisions satisfy the set-theoretical Yang-Baxter equation. The corresponding collision maps are symplectic and admit a Lax representation. Furthermore, they can be considered as reductions of a higher dimensional integrable Yang-Baxter map on an invariant manifold. In this framework, we study the integrability of transfer maps that represent particular periodic sequences of collisions.

Geometric interpretations of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Campbell, C. W.

1984-01-01

One, two, and three dimensional Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT) and geometric interpretations of their periodicities are presented. These operators are examined for their relationship with the two sided, continuous Fourier transform. Discrete or continuous transforms of real functions have certain symmetry properties. The symmetries are examined for the one, two, and three dimensional cases. Extension to higher dimension is straight forward.

Dimensional Structure of the Autism Phenotype: Relations between Early Development and Current Presentation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kamp-Becker, Inge; Ghahreman, Mardjan; Smidt, Judith; Remschmidt, Helmut

2009-01-01

The dimensional structure of higher functioning autism phenotype was investigated by factor analysis. The goal of this study was to identify the degree to which early symptoms of autism (measured using the ADI-R) could be predictive of the current symptoms of autism as identified using the ADOS, the adaptive behavior scales, IQ scores and theory…

Fabrication and characterization of three-dimensional carbon electrodes for lithium-ion batteries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Teixidor, Genis Turon; Zaouk, Rabih B.; Park, Benjamin Y.; Madou, Marc J.

This paper presents fabrication and testing results of three-dimensional carbon anodes for lithium-ion batteries, which are fabricated through the pyrolysis of lithographically patterned epoxy resins. This technique, known as Carbon-MEMS, provides great flexibility and an unprecedented dimensional control in shaping carbon microstructures. Variations in the pattern density and in the pyrolysis conditions result in anodes with different specific and gravimetric capacities, with a three to six times increase in specific capacity with respect to the current thin-film battery technology. Newly designed cross-shaped Carbon-MEMS arrays have a much higher mechanical robustness (as given by their moment of inertia) than the traditionally used cylindrical posts, but the gravimetric analysis suggests that new designs with thinner features are required for better carbon utilization. Pyrolysis at higher temperatures and slower ramping up schedules reduces the irreversible capacity of the carbon electrodes. We also analyze the addition of Meso-Carbon Micro-Beads (MCMB) particles on the reversible and irreversible capacities of new three-dimensional, hybrid electrodes. This combination results in a slight increase in reversible capacity and a big increase in the irreversible capacity of the carbon electrodes, mostly due to the non-complete attachment of the MCMB particles.

High-dimensional Controlled-phase Gate Between a 2 N -dimensional Photon and N Three-level Artificial Atoms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, Yun-Ming; Wang, Tie-Jun

2017-10-01

Higher-dimensional quantum system is of great interest owing to the outstanding features exhibited in the implementation of novel fundamental tests of nature and application in various quantum information tasks. High-dimensional quantum logic gate is a key element in scalable quantum computation and quantum communication. In this paper, we propose a scheme to implement a controlled-phase gate between a 2 N -dimensional photon and N three-level artificial atoms. This high-dimensional controlled-phase gate can serve as crucial components of the high-capacity, long-distance quantum communication. We use the high-dimensional Bell state analysis as an example to show the application of this device. Estimates on the system requirements indicate that our protocol is realizable with existing or near-further technologies. This scheme is ideally suited to solid-state integrated optical approaches to quantum information processing, and it can be applied to various system, such as superconducting qubits coupled to a resonator or nitrogen-vacancy centers coupled to a photonic-band-gap structures.

Effects of the addition of nanoparticulate calcium carbonate on setting time, dimensional change, compressive strength, solubility and pH of MTA.

PubMed

Bernardi, A; Bortoluzzi, E A; Felippe, W T; Felippe, M C S; Wan, W S; Teixeira, C S

2017-01-01

To evaluate nanoparticulate calcium carbonate (NPCC) using transmission electron microscopy and the effects of NPCC addition to MTA in regard to the setting time, dimensional change, compressive strength, solubility and pH. The experimental groups were G1 (MTA), G2 (MTA with 5% NPCC) and G3 (MTA with 10% NPCC). The tests followed ISO and ADA standards. The specimens in the dimensional change and compressive strength tests were measured immediately after setting, after 24 h and after 30 days. In the solubility test, rings filled with cement were weighed after setting and after 30 days. The pH was measured after 24 h and 30 days. The data were analysed with the ANOVA, Tukey's and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α = 5%). The setting time was reduced (P < 0.05) in samples from G2 and G3 compared to G1. After 24 h, the dimensional change was similar amongst the groups, and after 30 days, G2 was associated with less alteration than G1 and G3. There was a difference in the compressive strength (P < 0.001) after 24 h and 30 days (G1 > G2 > G3). The solubility test revealed a difference amongst the groups when the specimens were hydrated: G2 > G1 > G3 and dehydrated: G3 > G2 > G1. The pH of the groups was similar at 24 h with higher values in each group after 30 days (P < 0.05), and G2 and G3 had similar mean pH values but both were higher than G1. Nanoparticulate calcium carbonate had a cubic morphology with few impurities. The addition of nanoparticulate calcium carbonate to MTA accelerated the setting time, decreased compressive strength and, after 30 days, resulted in lower dimensional change (G2), higher solubility and a higher pH. © 2015 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Supersymmetric gauged matrix models from dimensional reduction on a sphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Closset, Cyril; Ghim, Dongwook; Seong, Rak-Kyeong

2018-05-01

It was recently proposed that N = 1 supersymmetric gauged matrix models have a duality of order four — that is, a quadrality — reminiscent of infrared dualities of SQCD theories in higher dimensions. In this note, we show that the zero-dimensional quadrality proposal can be inferred from the two-dimensional Gadde-Gukov-Putrov triality. We consider two-dimensional N = (0, 2) SQCD compactified on a sphere with the half-topological twist. For a convenient choice of R-charge, the zero-mode sector on the sphere gives rise to a simple N = 1 gauged matrix model. Triality on the sphere then implies a triality relation for the supersymmetric matrix model, which can be completed to the full quadrality.

STILTS Plotting Tools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Taylor, M. B.

2009-09-01

The new plotting functionality in version 2.0 of STILTS is described. STILTS is a mature and powerful package for all kinds of table manipulation, and this version adds facilities for generating plots from one or more tables to its existing wide range of non-graphical capabilities. 2- and 3-dimensional scatter plots and 1-dimensional histograms may be generated using highly configurable style parameters. Features include multiple dataset overplotting, variable transparency, 1-, 2- or 3-dimensional symmetric or asymmetric error bars, higher-dimensional visualization using color, and textual point labeling. Vector and bitmapped output formats are supported. The plotting options provide enough flexibility to perform meaningful visualization on datasets from a few points up to tens of millions. Arbitrarily large datasets can be plotted without heavy memory usage.

Optimizing separations in online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography.

PubMed

Pirok, Bob W J; Gargano, Andrea F G; Schoenmakers, Peter J

2018-01-01

Online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography has become an attractive option for the analysis of complex nonvolatile samples found in various fields (e.g. environmental studies, food, life, and polymer sciences). Two-dimensional liquid chromatography complements the highly popular hyphenated systems that combine liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Two-dimensional liquid chromatography is also applied to the analysis of samples that are not compatible with mass spectrometry (e.g. high-molecular-weight polymers), providing important information on the distribution of the sample components along chemical dimensions (molecular weight, charge, lipophilicity, stereochemistry, etc.). Also, in comparison with conventional one-dimensional liquid chromatography, two-dimensional liquid chromatography provides a greater separation power (peak capacity). Because of the additional selectivity and higher peak capacity, the combination of two-dimensional liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry allows for simpler mixtures of compounds to be introduced in the ion source at any given time, improving quantitative analysis by reducing matrix effects. In this review, we summarize the rationale and principles of two-dimensional liquid chromatography experiments, describe advantages and disadvantages of combining different selectivities and discuss strategies to improve the quality of two-dimensional liquid chromatography separations. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Separation Science published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

Extremal higher spin black holes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bañados, Máximo; Castro, Alejandra; Faraggi, Alberto; Jottar, Juan I.

2016-04-01

The gauge sector of three-dimensional higher spin gravities can be formulated as a Chern-Simons theory. In this context, a higher spin black hole corresponds to a flat connection with suitable holonomy (smoothness) conditions which are consistent with the properties of a generalized thermal ensemble. Building on these ideas, we discuss a definition of black hole extremality which is appropriate to the topological character of 3 d higher spin theories. Our definition can be phrased in terms of the Jordan class of the holonomy around a non-contractible (angular) cycle, and we show that it is compatible with the zero-temperature limit of smooth black hole solutions. While this notion of extremality does not require supersymmetry, we exemplify its consequences in the context of sl(3|2) ⊕ sl(3|2) Chern-Simons theory and show that, as usual, not all extremal solutions preserve supersymmetries. Remarkably, we find in addition that the higher spin setup allows for non-extremal supersymmetric black hole solutions. Furthermore, we discuss our results from the perspective of the holographic duality between sl(3|2) ⊕ sl(3|2) Chern-Simons theory and two-dimensional CFTs with W (3|2) symmetry, the simplest higher spin extension of the N = 2 super-Virasoro algebra. In particular, we compute W (3|2) BPS bounds at the full quantum level, and relate their semiclassical limit to extremal black hole or conical defect solutions in the 3 d bulk. Along the way, we discuss the role of the spectral flow automorphism and provide a conjecture for the form of the semiclassical BPS bounds in general N = 2 two-dimensional CFTs with extended symmetry algebras.

Single-layer graphdiyne-covered Pt(111) surface: improved catalysis confined under two-dimensional overlayer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Xi; Lin, Zheng-Zhe

2018-05-01

In recent years, two-dimensional confined catalysis, i.e., the enhanced catalytic reactions in confined space between metal surface and two-dimensional overlayer, makes a hit and opens up a new way to enhance the performance of catalysts. In this work, graphdiyne overlayer was proposed as a more excellent material than graphene or hexagonal boron nitride for two-dimensional confined catalysis on Pt(111) surface. Density functional theory calculations revealed the superiority of graphdiyne overlayer originates from the steric hindrance effect which increases the catalytic ability and lowers the reaction barriers. Moreover, with the big triangle holes as natural gas tunnels, graphdiyne possesses higher efficiency for the transit of gaseous reactants and products than graphene or hexagonal boron nitride. The results in this work would benefit future development of two-dimensional confined catalysis. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Non-classical photon correlation in a two-dimensional photonic lattice.

PubMed

Gao, Jun; Qiao, Lu-Feng; Lin, Xiao-Feng; Jiao, Zhi-Qiang; Feng, Zhen; Zhou, Zheng; Gao, Zhen-Wei; Xu, Xiao-Yun; Chen, Yuan; Tang, Hao; Jin, Xian-Min

2016-06-13

Quantum interference and quantum correlation, as two main features of quantum optics, play an essential role in quantum information applications, such as multi-particle quantum walk and boson sampling. While many experimental demonstrations have been done in one-dimensional waveguide arrays, it remains unexplored in higher dimensions due to tight requirement of manipulating and detecting photons in large-scale. Here, we experimentally observe non-classical correlation of two identical photons in a fully coupled two-dimensional structure, i.e. photonic lattice manufactured by three-dimensional femtosecond laser writing. Photon interference consists of 36 Hong-Ou-Mandel interference and 9 bunching. The overlap between measured and simulated distribution is up to 0.890 ± 0.001. Clear photon correlation is observed in the two-dimensional photonic lattice. Combining with controllably engineered disorder, our results open new perspectives towards large-scale implementation of quantum simulation on integrated photonic chips.

An adaptive front tracking technique for three-dimensional transient flows

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galaktionov, O. S.; Anderson, P. D.; Peters, G. W. M.; van de Vosse, F. N.

2000-01-01

An adaptive technique, based on both surface stretching and surface curvature analysis for tracking strongly deforming fluid volumes in three-dimensional flows is presented. The efficiency and accuracy of the technique are demonstrated for two- and three-dimensional flow simulations. For the two-dimensional test example, the results are compared with results obtained using a different tracking approach based on the advection of a passive scalar. Although for both techniques roughly the same structures are found, the resolution for the front tracking technique is much higher. In the three-dimensional test example, a spherical blob is tracked in a chaotic mixing flow. For this problem, the accuracy of the adaptive tracking is demonstrated by the volume conservation for the advected blob. Adaptive front tracking is suitable for simulation of the initial stages of fluid mixing, where the interfacial area can grow exponentially with time. The efficiency of the algorithm significantly benefits from parallelization of the code. Copyright

Simulation of TunneLadder traveling-wave tube cold-test characteristics: Implementation of the three-dimensional, electromagnetic circuit analysis code micro-SOS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kory, Carol L.; Wilson, Jeffrey D.

1993-01-01

The three-dimensional, electromagnetic circuit analysis code, Micro-SOS, can be used to reduce expensive time-consuming experimental 'cold-testing' of traveling-wave tube (TWT) circuits. The frequency-phase dispersion characteristics and beam interaction impedance of a TunneLadder traveling-wave tube slow-wave structure were simulated using the code. When reasonable dimensional adjustments are made, computer results agree closely with experimental data. Modifications to the circuit geometry that would make the TunneLadder TWT easier to fabricate for higher frequency operation are explored.

Constraint-Free Theories of Gravitation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Estabrook, Frank B.; Robinson, R. Steve; Wahlquist, Hugo D.

1998-01-01

Lovelock actions (more precisely, extended Gauss-Bonnet forms) when varied as Cartan forms on subspaces of higher dimensional flat Riemannian manifolds, generate well set, causal exterior differential systems. In particular, the Einstein- Hilbert action 4-form, varied on a 4 dimensional subspace of E(sub 10) yields a well set generalized theory of gravity having no constraints. Rcci-flat solutions are selected by initial conditions on a bounding 3-space.

Higher-Order Neural Networks Recognize Patterns

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reid, Max B.; Spirkovska, Lilly; Ochoa, Ellen

1996-01-01

Networks of higher order have enhanced capabilities to distinguish between different two-dimensional patterns and to recognize those patterns. Also enhanced capabilities to "learn" patterns to be recognized: "trained" with far fewer examples and, therefore, in less time than necessary to train comparable first-order neural networks.

Higher-order rational solitons and rogue-like wave solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear fluid mechanics equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wen, Xiao-Yong; Yan, Zhenya

2017-02-01

The novel generalized perturbation (n, M)-fold Darboux transformations (DTs) are reported for the (2 + 1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation and its extension by using the Taylor expansion of the Darboux matrix. The generalized perturbation (1 , N - 1) -fold DTs are used to find their higher-order rational solitons and rogue wave solutions in terms of determinants. The dynamics behaviors of these rogue waves are discussed in detail for different parameters and time, which display the interesting RW and soliton structures including the triangle, pentagon, heptagon profiles, etc. Moreover, we find that a new phenomenon that the parameter (a) can control the wave structures of the KP equation from the higher-order rogue waves (a ≠ 0) into higher-order rational solitons (a = 0) in (x, t)-space with y = const . These results may predict the corresponding dynamical phenomena in the models of fluid mechanics and other physically relevant systems.

The origin of absorptive features in the two-dimensional electronic spectra of rhodopsin.

PubMed

Farag, Marwa H; Jansen, Thomas L C; Knoester, Jasper

2018-05-09

In rhodopsin, the absorption of a photon causes the isomerization of the 11-cis isomer of the retinal chromophore to its all-trans isomer. This isomerization is known to occur through a conical intersection (CI) and the internal conversion through the CI is known to be vibrationally coherent. Recently measured two-dimensional electronic spectra (2DES) showed dramatic absorptive spectral features at early waiting times associated with the transition through the CI. The common two-state two-mode model Hamiltonian was unable to elucidate the origin of these features. To rationalize the source of these features, we employ a three-state three-mode model Hamiltonian where the hydrogen out-of plane (HOOP) mode and a higher-lying electronic state are included. The 2DES of the retinal chromophore in rhodopsin are calculated and compared with the experiment. Our analysis shows that the source of the observed features in the measured 2DES is the excited state absorption to a higher-lying electronic state and not the HOOP mode.

Simulation of springback and microstructural analysis of dual phase steels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kalyan, T. Sri.; Wei, Xing; Mendiguren, Joseba; Rolfe, Bernard

2013-12-01

With increasing demand for weight reduction and better crashworthiness abilities in car development, advanced high strength Dual Phase (DP) steels have been progressively used when making automotive parts. The higher strength steels exhibit higher springback and lower dimensional accuracy after stamping. This has necessitated the use of simulation of each stamped component prior to production to estimate the part's dimensional accuracy. Understanding the micro-mechanical behaviour of AHSS sheet may provide more accuracy to stamping simulations. This work can be divided basically into two parts: first modelling a standard channel forming process; second modelling the micro-structure of the process. The standard top hat channel forming process, benchmark NUMISHEET'93, is used for investigating springback effect of WISCO Dual Phase steels. The second part of this work includes the finite element analysis of microstructures to understand the behaviour of the multi-phase steel at a more fundamental level. The outcomes of this work will help in the dimensional control of steels during manufacturing stage based on the material's microstructure.

Robust and Efficient Biomolecular Clustering of Tumor Based on ${p}$ -Norm Singular Value Decomposition.

PubMed

Kong, Xiang-Zhen; Liu, Jin-Xing; Zheng, Chun-Hou; Hou, Mi-Xiao; Wang, Juan

2017-07-01

High dimensionality has become a typical feature of biomolecular data. In this paper, a novel dimension reduction method named p-norm singular value decomposition (PSVD) is proposed to seek the low-rank approximation matrix to the biomolecular data. To enhance the robustness to outliers, the Lp-norm is taken as the error function and the Schatten p-norm is used as the regularization function in the optimization model. To evaluate the performance of PSVD, the Kmeans clustering method is then employed for tumor clustering based on the low-rank approximation matrix. Extensive experiments are carried out on five gene expression data sets including two benchmark data sets and three higher dimensional data sets from the cancer genome atlas. The experimental results demonstrate that the PSVD-based method outperforms many existing methods. Especially, it is experimentally proved that the proposed method is more efficient for processing higher dimensional data with good robustness, stability, and superior time performance.

Tensile behaviors of three-dimensionally free-formable titanium mesh plates for bone graft applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Jianmei

2017-11-01

Present metal artificial bones for bone grafts have the problems like too heavy and excessive elastic modulus compared with natural bones. In this study, three-dimensionally (3D) free-formable titanium mesh plates for bone graft applications was introduced to improve these problems. Fundamental mesh shapes and patterns were designed under different base shapes and design parameters through three dimensional CAD tools from higher flexibility and strength points of view. Based on the designed mesh shape and patterns, sample specimens of titanium mesh plates with different base shapes and design variables were manufactured through laser processing. Tensile properties of the sample titanium mesh plates like volume density, tensile elastic modulus were experimentally and analytically evaluated. Experimental results showed that such titanium mesh plates had much higher flexibility and their mechanical properties could be controlled to close to the natural bones. More details on the mechanical properties of titanium mesh plates including compression, bending, torsion and durability will be carried out in future study.

XCOM intrinsic dimensionality for low-Z elements at diagnostic energies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bornefalk, Hans

2012-02-15

Purpose: To determine the intrinsic dimensionality of linear attenuation coefficients (LACs) from XCOM for elements with low atomic number (Z = 1-20) at diagnostic x-ray energies (25-120 keV). H{sub 0}{sup q}, the hypothesis that the space of LACs is spanned by q bases, is tested for various q-values. Methods: Principal component analysis is first applied and the LACs are projected onto the first q principal component bases. The residuals of the model values vs XCOM data are determined for all energies and atomic numbers. Heteroscedasticity invalidates the prerequisite of i.i.d. errors necessary for bootstrapping residuals. Instead wild bootstrap is applied,more » which, by not mixing residuals, allows the effect of the non-i.i.d residuals to be reflected in the result. Credible regions for the eigenvalues of the correlation matrix for the bootstrapped LAC data are determined. If subsequent credible regions for the eigenvalues overlap, the corresponding principal component is not considered to represent true data structure but noise. If this happens for eigenvalues l and l + 1, for any l{<=}q, H{sub 0}{sup q} is rejected. Results: The largest value of q for which H{sub 0}{sup q} is nonrejectable at the 5%-level is q = 4. This indicates that the statistically significant intrinsic dimensionality of low-Z XCOM data at diagnostic energies is four. Conclusions: The method presented allows determination of the statistically significant dimensionality of any noisy linear subspace. Knowledge of such significant dimensionality is of interest for any method making assumptions on intrinsic dimensionality and evaluating results on noisy reference data. For LACs, knowledge of the low-Z dimensionality might be relevant when parametrization schemes are tuned to XCOM data. For x-ray imaging techniques based on the basis decomposition method (Alvarez and Macovski, Phys. Med. Biol. 21, 733-744, 1976), an underlying dimensionality of two is commonly assigned to the LAC of human tissue at diagnostic energies. The finding of a higher statistically significant dimensionality thus raises the question whether a higher assumed model dimensionality (now feasible with the advent of multibin x-ray systems) might also be practically relevant, i.e., if better tissue characterization results can be obtained.« less

p-brane actions and higher Roytenberg brackets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jurčo, Branislav; Schupp, Peter; Vysoký, Jan

2013-02-01

Motivated by the quest to understand the analog of non-geometric flux compactification in the context of M-theory, we study higher dimensional analogs of generalized Poisson sigma models and corresponding dual string and p-brane models. We find that higher generalizations of the algebraic structures due to Dorfman, Roytenberg and Courant play an important role and establish their relation to Nambu-Poisson structures.

Assessing the Students' Evaluations of Educational Quality (SEEQ) Questionnaire in Greek Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grammatikopoulos, Vasilis; Linardakis, M.; Gregoriadis, A.; Oikonomidis, V.

2015-01-01

The aim of the current study was to provide a valid and reliable instrument for the evaluation of the teaching effectiveness in the Greek higher education system. Other objectives of the study were (a) the examination of the dimensionality and the higher-order structure of the Greek version of Students' Evaluation of Educational Quality (SEEQ)…

Two-dimensional signal processing using a morphological filter for holographic memory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kondo, Yo; Shigaki, Yusuke; Yamamoto, Manabu

2012-03-01

Today, along with the wider use of high-speed information networks and multimedia, it is increasingly necessary to have higher-density and higher-transfer-rate storage devices. Therefore, research and development into holographic memories with three-dimensional storage areas is being carried out to realize next-generation large-capacity memories. However, in holographic memories, interference between bits, which affect the detection characteristics, occurs as a result of aberrations such as the deviation of a wavefront in an optical system. In this study, we pay particular attention to the nonlinear factors that cause bit errors, where filters with a Volterra equalizer and the morphologies are investigated as a means of signal processing.

Black Holes, Hidden Symmetry and Complete Integrability: Brief Review

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frolov, Valeri P.

This chapter contains a brief review of the remarkable properties of higher dimensional rotating black holes with the spherical topology of the horizon. We demonstrate that these properties are connected with and generated by a special geometrical object, the Principal Conformal Killing-Yano tensor (PCKYT). The most general solution, describing such black holes, Kerr-NUT-ADS metric, admits this structure. Moreover a solution of the Einstein Equations with (or without) a cosmological constant which possesses PCKYT is the Kerr-NUT-ADS metric. This object (PCKYT) is responsible for such remarkable properties of higher dimensional rotating black holes as: (i) complete integrability of geodesic equations and (ii) complete separation of variables of the important field equations.

Principal Killing strings in higher-dimensional Kerr-NUT-(A)dS spacetimes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boos, Jens; Frolov, Valeri P.

2018-04-01

We construct special solutions of the Nambu-Goto equations for stationary strings in a general Kerr-NUT-(A)dS spacetime in any number of dimensions. This construction is based on the existence of explicit and hidden symmetries generated by the principal tensor which exists for these metrics. The characteristic property of these string configurations, which we call "principal Killing strings," is that they are stretched out from "infinity" to the horizon of the Kerr-NUT-(A)dS black hole and remain regular at the latter. We also demonstrate that principal Killing strings extract angular momentum from higher-dimensional rotating black holes and interpret this as the action of an asymptotic torque.

Vacuum polarization and classical self-action near higher-dimensional defects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grats, Yuri V.; Spirin, Pavel

2017-02-01

We analyze the gravity-induced effects associated with a massless scalar field in a higher-dimensional spacetime being the tensor product of (d-n)-dimensional Minkowski space and n-dimensional spherically/cylindrically symmetric space with a solid/planar angle deficit. These spacetimes are considered as simple models for a multidimensional global monopole (if n≥slant 3) or cosmic string (if n=2) with (d-n-1) flat extra dimensions. Thus, we refer to them as conical backgrounds. In terms of the angular-deficit value, we derive the perturbative expression for the scalar Green function, valid for any d≥slant 3 and 2≤slant n≤slant d-1, and compute it to the leading order. With the use of this Green function we compute the renormalized vacuum expectation value of the field square {< φ {2}(x)rangle }_{ren} and the renormalized vacuum averaged of the scalar-field energy-momentum tensor {< T_{M N}(x)rangle }_{ren} for arbitrary d and n from the interval mentioned above and arbitrary coupling constant to the curvature ξ . In particular, we revisit the computation of the vacuum polarization effects for a non-minimally coupled massless scalar field in the spacetime of a straight cosmic string. The same Green function enables to consider the old purely classical problem of the gravity-induced self-action of a classical point-like scalar or electric charge, placed at rest at some fixed point of the space under consideration. To deal with divergences, which appear in consideration of the two problems, we apply the dimensional-regularization technique, widely used in quantum field theory. The explicit dependence of the results upon the dimensionalities of both the bulk and conical submanifold is discussed.

Implementation of Finite Volume based Navier Stokes Algorithm Within General Purpose Flow Network Code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schallhorn, Paul; Majumdar, Alok

2012-01-01

This paper describes a finite volume based numerical algorithm that allows multi-dimensional computation of fluid flow within a system level network flow analysis. There are several thermo-fluid engineering problems where higher fidelity solutions are needed that are not within the capacity of system level codes. The proposed algorithm will allow NASA's Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program (GFSSP) to perform multi-dimensional flow calculation within the framework of GFSSP s typical system level flow network consisting of fluid nodes and branches. The paper presents several classical two-dimensional fluid dynamics problems that have been solved by GFSSP's multi-dimensional flow solver. The numerical solutions are compared with the analytical and benchmark solution of Poiseulle, Couette and flow in a driven cavity.

Method and structure for skewed block-cyclic distribution of lower-dimensional data arrays in higher-dimensional processor grids

DOEpatents

Chatterjee, Siddhartha [Yorktown Heights, NY; Gunnels, John A [Brewster, NY

2011-11-08

A method and structure of distributing elements of an array of data in a computer memory to a specific processor of a multi-dimensional mesh of parallel processors includes designating a distribution of elements of at least a portion of the array to be executed by specific processors in the multi-dimensional mesh of parallel processors. The pattern of the designating includes a cyclical repetitive pattern of the parallel processor mesh, as modified to have a skew in at least one dimension so that both a row of data in the array and a column of data in the array map to respective contiguous groupings of the processors such that a dimension of the contiguous groupings is greater than one.

On the attenuation of sound by three-dimensionally segmented acoustic liners in a rectangular duct

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Koch, W.

1979-01-01

Axial segmentation of acoustically absorbing liners in rectangular, circular or annual duct configurations is a very useful concept for obtaining higher noise attenuation with respect to the bandwidth of absorption as well as the maximum attenuation. As a consequence, advanced liner concepts are proposed which induce a modal energy transfer in both cross-sectional directions to further reduce the noise radiated from turbofan engines. However, these advanced liner concepts require three-dimensional geometries which are difficult to treat theoretically. A very simple three-dimensional problem is investigated analytically. The results show a strong dependence on the positioning of the liner for some incident source modes while the effect of three-dimensional segmentation appears to be negligible over the frequency range considered.

Three-Dimensional Porous Particles Composed of Curved, Two-Dimensional, Nano-Sized Layers for Li-Ion Batteries

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yushin, Gleb; Evanoff, Kara; Magasinski, Alexander

2012-01-01

Thin Si films coated on porous 3D particles composed of curved 2D graphene sheets have been synthesized utilizing techniques that allow for tunable properties. Since graphene exhibits specific surface area up to 100 times higher than carbon black or graphite, the deposition of the same mass of Si on graphene is much faster in comparison -- a factor which is important for practical applications. In addition, the distance between graphene layers is tunable and variation in the thickness of the deposited Si film is feasible. Both of these characteristics allow for optimization of the energy and power characteristics. Thicker films will allow higher capacity, but slower rate capabilities. Thinner films will allow more rapid charging, or higher power performance. In this innovation, uniform deposition of Si and C layers on high-surface area graphene produced granules with specific surface area (SSA) of 5 sq. m/g.

Multiple Instantons Representing Higher-Order Chern-Pontryagin Classes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spruck, Joel; Tchrakian, D. H.; Yang, Yisong

It has been shown in the work of Chakrabarti, Sherry and Tchrakian that the chiral SO+/-(4 p) Yang-Mills theory in the Euclidean 4 p (p>= 2) dimensions allows an axially symmetric self-dual system of equations similar to Witten's instanton equations in the classical 4-dimensional SU(2) SO+/-(4) theory and the solutions represent a new class of instantons. However the rigorous existence of these higher-dimensional instanton solutions has remained open except for the solution of unit charge representing a single instanton. In this paper we establish an existence and uniqueness theorem for multi-instantons of arbitrary charges in the case p>= 2. These solutions are the first known instantons, with the Chern-Pontryagin index greater than one, of the Yang-Mills model in higher dimensions. Our approach is a study of a nonlinear variational equation defined on the Poincaré half plane.

Evaluating the Contribution of Different Item Features to the Effect Size of the Gender Difference in Three-Dimensional Mental Rotation Using Automatic Item Generation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arendasy, Martin E.; Sommer, Markus

2010-01-01

In complex three-dimensional mental rotation tasks males have been reported to score up to one standard deviation higher than females. However, this effect size estimate could be compromised by the presence of gender bias at the item level, which calls the validity of purely quantitative performance comparisons into question. We hypothesized that…

Three-dimensional massive gravity and the bigravity black hole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bañados, Máximo; Theisen, Stefan

2009-11-01

We study three-dimensional massive gravity formulated as a theory with two dynamical metrics, like the f-g theories of Isham-Salam and Strathdee. The action is parity preserving and has no higher derivative terms. The spectrum contains a single massive graviton. This theory has several features discussed recently in TMG and NMG. We find warped black holes, a critical point, and generalized Brown-Henneaux boundary conditions.

Probing energy transfer events in the light harvesting complex 2 (LH2) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides with two-dimensional spectroscopy.

PubMed

Fidler, Andrew F; Singh, Ved P; Long, Phillip D; Dahlberg, Peter D; Engel, Gregory S

2013-10-21

Excitation energy transfer events in the photosynthetic light harvesting complex 2 (LH2) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides are investigated with polarization controlled two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. A spectrally broadened pulse allows simultaneous measurement of the energy transfer within and between the two absorption bands at 800 nm and 850 nm. The phased all-parallel polarization two-dimensional spectra resolve the initial events of energy transfer by separating the intra-band and inter-band relaxation processes across the two-dimensional map. The internal dynamics of the 800 nm region of the spectra are resolved as a cross peak that grows in on an ultrafast time scale, reflecting energy transfer between higher lying excitations of the B850 chromophores into the B800 states. We utilize a polarization sequence designed to highlight the initial excited state dynamics which uncovers an ultrafast transfer component between the two bands that was not observed in the all-parallel polarization data. We attribute the ultrafast transfer component to energy transfer from higher energy exciton states to lower energy states of the strongly coupled B850 chromophores. Connecting the spectroscopic signature to the molecular structure, we reveal multiple relaxation pathways including a cyclic transfer of energy between the two rings of the complex.

Detection of Epistasis for Flowering Time Using Bayesian Multilocus Estimation in a Barley MAGIC Population

PubMed Central

Mathew, Boby; Léon, Jens; Sannemann, Wiebke; Sillanpää, Mikko J.

2018-01-01

Gene-by-gene interactions, also known as epistasis, regulate many complex traits in different species. With the availability of low-cost genotyping it is now possible to study epistasis on a genome-wide scale. However, identifying genome-wide epistasis is a high-dimensional multiple regression problem and needs the application of dimensionality reduction techniques. Flowering Time (FT) in crops is a complex trait that is known to be influenced by many interacting genes and pathways in various crops. In this study, we successfully apply Sure Independence Screening (SIS) for dimensionality reduction to identify two-way and three-way epistasis for the FT trait in a Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) barley population using the Bayesian multilocus model. The MAGIC barley population was generated from intercrossing among eight parental lines and thus, offered greater genetic diversity to detect higher-order epistatic interactions. Our results suggest that SIS is an efficient dimensionality reduction approach to detect high-order interactions in a Bayesian multilocus model. We also observe that many of our findings (genomic regions with main or higher-order epistatic effects) overlap with known candidate genes that have been already reported in barley and closely related species for the FT trait. PMID:29254994

On the three-quarter view advantage of familiar object recognition.

PubMed

Nonose, Kohei; Niimi, Ryosuke; Yokosawa, Kazuhiko

2016-11-01

A three-quarter view, i.e., an oblique view, of familiar objects often leads to a higher subjective goodness rating when compared with other orientations. What is the source of the high goodness for oblique views? First, we confirmed that object recognition performance was also best for oblique views around 30° view, even when the foreshortening disadvantage of front- and side-views was minimized (Experiments 1 and 2). In Experiment 3, we measured subjective ratings of view goodness and two possible determinants of view goodness: familiarity of view, and subjective impression of three-dimensionality. Three-dimensionality was measured as the subjective saliency of visual depth information. The oblique views were rated best, most familiar, and as approximating greatest three-dimensionality on average; however, the cluster analyses showed that the "best" orientation systematically varied among objects. We found three clusters of objects: front-preferred objects, oblique-preferred objects, and side-preferred objects. Interestingly, recognition performance and the three-dimensionality rating were higher for oblique views irrespective of the clusters. It appears that recognition efficiency is not the major source of the three-quarter view advantage. There are multiple determinants and variability among objects. This study suggests that the classical idea that a canonical view has a unique advantage in object perception requires further discussion.

Carbon nanotube dispersed conductive network for microbial fuel cells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matsumoto, S.; Yamanaka, K.; Ogikubo, H.; Akasaka, H.; Ohtake, N.

2014-08-01

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are promising devices for capturing biomass energy. Although they have recently attracted considerable attention, their power densities are too low for practical use. Increasing their electrode surface area is a key factor for improving the performance of MFC. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which have excellent electrical conductivity and extremely high specific surface area, are promising materials for electrodes. However, CNTs are insoluble in aqueous solution because of their strong intertube van der Waals interactions, which make practical use of CNTs difficult. In this study, we revealed that CNTs have a strong interaction with Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. CNTs attach to the cells and are dispersed in a mixture of water and S. cerevisiae, forming a three-dimensional CNT conductive network. Compared with a conventional two-dimensional electrode, such as carbon paper, the three-dimensional conductive network has a much larger surface area. By applying this conductive network to MFCs as an anode electrode, power density is increased to 176 μW/cm2, which is approximately 25-fold higher than that in the case without CNTs addition. Maximum current density is also increased to approximately 8-fold higher. These results suggest that three-dimensional CNT conductive network contributes to improve the performance of MFC by increasing surface area.

Acanthamoeba migration in an electric field.

PubMed

Rudell, Jolene Chang; Gao, Jing; Sun, Yuxin; Sun, Yaohui; Chodosh, James; Schwab, Ivan; Zhao, Min

2013-06-21

We investigated the in vitro response of Acanthamoeba trophozoites to electric fields (EFs). Acanthamoeba castellanii were exposed to varying strengths of an EF. During EF exposure, cell migration was monitored using an inverted microscope equipped with a CCD camera and the SimplePCI 5.3 imaging system to capture time-lapse images. The migration of A. castellanii trophozoites was analyzed and quantified with ImageJ software. For analysis of cell migration in a three-dimensional culture system, Acanthamoeba trophozoites were cultured in agar, exposed to an EF, digitally video recorded, and analyzed at various Z focal planes. Acanthamoeba trophozoites move at random in the absence of an EF, but move directionally in response to an EF. Directedness in the absence of an EF is 0.08 ± 0.01, while in 1200 mV/mm EF, directedness is significantly higher at -0.65 ± 0.01 (P < 0.001). We find that the trophozoite migration response is voltage-dependent, with higher directionality with higher voltage application. Acanthamoeba move directionally in a three-dimensional (3D) agar system as well when exposed to an EF. Acanthamoeba trophozoites move directionally in response to an EF in a two-dimensional and 3D culture system. Acanthamoeba trophozoite migration is also voltage-dependent, with increased directionality with increasing voltage. This may provide new treatment modalities for Acanthamoeba keratitis.

Inflammatory Responses and Barrier Function of Endothelial Cells Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

PubMed

Halaidych, Oleh V; Freund, Christian; van den Hil, Francijna; Salvatori, Daniela C F; Riminucci, Mara; Mummery, Christine L; Orlova, Valeria V

2018-05-08

Several studies have reported endothelial cell (EC) derivation from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). However, few have explored their functional properties in depth with respect to line-to-line and batch-to-batch variability and how they relate to primary ECs. We therefore carried out accurate characterization of hiPSC-derived ECs (hiPSC-ECs) from multiple (non-integrating) hiPSC lines and compared them with primary ECs in various functional assays, which included barrier function using real-time impedance spectroscopy with an integrated assay of electric wound healing, endothelia-leukocyte interaction under physiological flow to mimic inflammation and angiogenic responses in in vitro and in vivo assays. Overall, we found many similarities but also some important differences between hiPSC-derived and primary ECs. Assessment of vasculogenic responses in vivo showed little difference between primary ECs and hiPSC-ECs with regard to functional blood vessel formation, which may be important in future regenerative medicine applications requiring vascularization. Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Experimental and theoretical investigations of the quality factor for n+p silicon solar cells

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Garlick, G.F.J.; Kachare, A.H.

1980-01-01

Many N/sup +/P silicon cells made with silicon from different growth techniques have current-voltage relations of the form: I.I/sub 0/ (exp(qV/AkT) - 1) where the quality factor A is non-integral, is >1 and shows a temperature dependence. The dark forward characteristics of such cells have been measured over a range of temperature and the behavior of the factor A derived from them. A new model is presented on the assumption of non-uniform distributions of recombination levels in the junction depletion layer. This model shows good agreement with experimental data. The cells investigated had evaporated top metallization and so the junctionmore » contamination giving the recombination levels is likely to be a result of junction diffusion and is not specific to the metallization processing. The model needs further development and evaluation in order to apply it to the illuminated cell behavior and also to include any effects of distributed sheet resistance in the N/sup +/ layer. 17 refs.« less

Mode shape analysis using a commercially available peak store video frame buffer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Snow, Walter L.; Childers, Brooks A.

1994-01-01

Time exposure photography, sometimes coupled with strobe illumination, is an accepted method for motion analysis that bypasses frame by frame analysis and resynthesis of data. Garden variety video cameras can now exploit this technique using a unique frame buffer that is a non-integrating memory that compares incoming data with that already stored. The device continuously outputs an analog video signal of the stored contents which can then be redigitized and analyzed using conventional equipment. Historically, photographic time exposures have been used to record the displacement envelope of harmonically oscillating structures to show mode shape. Mode shape analysis is crucial, for example, in aeroelastic testing of wind tunnel models. Aerodynamic, inertial, and elastic forces can couple together leading to catastrophic failure of a poorly designed aircraft. This paper will explore the usefulness of the peak store device as a videometric tool and in particular discuss methods for analyzing a targeted vibrating plate using the 'peak store' in conjunction with calibration methods familiar to the close-range videometry community. Results for the first three normal modes will be presented.

Donor Dependent Variations in Hematopoietic Differentiation among Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines

PubMed Central

Féraud, Olivier; Valogne, Yannick; Melkus, Michael W.; Zhang, Yanyan; Oudrhiri, Noufissa; Haddad, Rima; Daury, Aurélie; Rocher, Corinne; Larbi, Aniya; Duquesnoy, Philippe; Divers, Dominique; Gobbo, Emilie; Brunet de la Grange, Philippe; Louache, Fawzia; Bennaceur-Griscelli, Annelise; Mitjavila-Garcia, Maria Teresa

2016-01-01

Hematopoiesis generated from human embryonic stem cells (ES) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) are unprecedented resources for cell therapy. We compared hematopoietic differentiation potentials from ES and iPS cell lines originated from various donors and derived them using integrative and non-integrative vectors. Significant differences in differentiation toward hematopoietic lineage were observed among ES and iPS. The ability of engraftment of iPS or ES-derived cells in NOG mice varied among the lines with low levels of chimerism. iPS generated from ES cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) reproduce a similar hematopoietic outcome compared to their parental ES cell line. We were not able to identify any specific hematopoietic transcription factors that allow to distinguish between good versus poor hematopoiesis in undifferentiated ES or iPS cell lines. There is a relatively unpredictable variation in hematopoietic differentiation between ES and iPS cell lines that could not be predicted based on phenotype or gene expression of the undifferentiated cells. These results demonstrate the influence of genetic background in variation of hematopoietic potential rather than the reprogramming process. PMID:26938212

76 FR 53763 - Immigration Benefits Business Transformation, Increment I

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-29

...The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is amending its regulations to enable U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to migrate from a paper file-based, non-integrated systems environment to an electronic customer-focused, centralized case management environment for benefit processing. This transformation process will allow USCIS to streamline benefit processing, eliminate the capture and processing of redundant data, and reduce the number of and automate its forms. This transformation process will be a phased multi-year initiative to restructure USCIS business processes and related information technology systems. DHS is removing references to form numbers, form titles, expired regulatory provisions, and descriptions of internal procedures, many of which will change during transformation. DHS is also finalizing interim rules that permitted submission of benefit requests with an electronic signature when such requests are submitted in an electronic format rather than on a paper form and that removed references to filing locations for immigration benefits. In addition, in this rule DHS is publishing the final rule for six other interim rules published during the past several years, most of which received no public comments.

Gene therapy for inherited retinal and optic nerve degenerations.

PubMed

Moore, Nicholas A; Morral, Nuria; Ciulla, Thomas A; Bracha, Peter

2018-01-01

The eye is a target for investigational gene therapy due to the monogenic nature of many inherited retinal and optic nerve degenerations (IRD), its accessibility, tight blood-ocular barrier, the ability to non-invasively monitor for functional and anatomic outcomes, as well as its relative immune privileged state.Vectors currently used in IRD clinical trials include adeno-associated virus (AAV), small single-stranded DNA viruses, and lentivirus, RNA viruses of the retrovirus family. Both can transduce non-dividing cells, but AAV are non-integrating, while lentivirus integrate into the host cell genome, and have a larger transgene capacity. Areas covered: This review covers Leber's congenital amaurosis, choroideremia, retinitis pigmentosa, Usher syndrome, Stargardt disease, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, Achromatopsia, and X-linked retinoschisis. Expert opinion: Despite great potential, gene therapy for IRD raises many questions, including the potential for less invasive intravitreal versus subretinal delivery, efficacy, safety, and longevity of response, as well as acceptance of novel study endpoints by regulatory bodies, patients, clinicians, and payers. Also, ultimate adoption of gene therapy for IRD will require widespread genetic screening to identify and diagnose patients based on genotype instead of phenotype.

Effective time-independent analysis for quantum kicked systems.

PubMed

Bandyopadhyay, Jayendra N; Guha Sarkar, Tapomoy

2015-03-01

We present a mapping of potentially chaotic time-dependent quantum kicked systems to an equivalent approximate effective time-independent scenario, whereby the system is rendered integrable. The time evolution is factorized into an initial kick, followed by an evolution dictated by a time-independent Hamiltonian and a final kick. This method is applied to the kicked top model. The effective time-independent Hamiltonian thus obtained does not suffer from spurious divergences encountered if the traditional Baker-Cambell-Hausdorff treatment is used. The quasienergy spectrum of the Floquet operator is found to be in excellent agreement with the energy levels of the effective Hamiltonian for a wide range of system parameters. The density of states for the effective system exhibits sharp peaklike features, pointing towards quantum criticality. The dynamics in the classical limit of the integrable effective Hamiltonian shows remarkable agreement with the nonintegrable map corresponding to the actual time-dependent system in the nonchaotic regime. This suggests that the effective Hamiltonian serves as a substitute for the actual system in the nonchaotic regime at both the quantum and classical level.

Effective time-independent analysis for quantum kicked systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bandyopadhyay, Jayendra N.; Guha Sarkar, Tapomoy

2015-03-01

We present a mapping of potentially chaotic time-dependent quantum kicked systems to an equivalent approximate effective time-independent scenario, whereby the system is rendered integrable. The time evolution is factorized into an initial kick, followed by an evolution dictated by a time-independent Hamiltonian and a final kick. This method is applied to the kicked top model. The effective time-independent Hamiltonian thus obtained does not suffer from spurious divergences encountered if the traditional Baker-Cambell-Hausdorff treatment is used. The quasienergy spectrum of the Floquet operator is found to be in excellent agreement with the energy levels of the effective Hamiltonian for a wide range of system parameters. The density of states for the effective system exhibits sharp peaklike features, pointing towards quantum criticality. The dynamics in the classical limit of the integrable effective Hamiltonian shows remarkable agreement with the nonintegrable map corresponding to the actual time-dependent system in the nonchaotic regime. This suggests that the effective Hamiltonian serves as a substitute for the actual system in the nonchaotic regime at both the quantum and classical level.

HIV Care Providers' Attitudes regarding Mobile Phone Applications and Web-Based Dashboards to support Patient Self-Management and Care Coordination: Results from a Qualitative Feasibility Study.

PubMed

Swendeman, Dallas; Farmer, Shu; Mindry, Deborah; Lee, Sung-Jae; Medich, Melissa

2016-10-01

In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with healthcare providers (HCPs) from five HIV medical care coordination teams in a large Los Angeles County HIV clinic, including physicians, nurses, and psychosocial services providers. HCPs reported on the potential utility, acceptability, and barriers for patient self-monitoring and notifications via mobile phones, and web-based dashboards for HCPs. Potential benefits included: 1) enhancing patient engagement, motivation, adherence, and self-management; and 2) improving provider-patient relationships and HCP care coordination. Newly diagnosed and patients with co-morbidities were highest priorities for mobile application support. Facilitators included universal mobile phone ownership and use of smartphones or text messaging. Patient-level barriers included concerns about low motivation and financial instability for consistent use by some patients. Organizational barriers, cited primarily by physicians, included concerns about privacy protections, easy dashboard access, non-integrated electronic records, and competing burdens in limited appointment times. Psychosocial services providers were most supportive of the proposed mobile tools.

[A study on English loan words in French plastic surgery].

PubMed

Hansson, E; Tegelberg, E

2014-10-01

The French language is less and less used as an international scientific language and many French researchers publish their work in English. Nowadays, Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique is the only international plastic surgical journal published completely in French. The use of English loan words in French plastic surgery has never been studied. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency and types of English loan words in French plastic surgery. A corpus consisting of all the articles in a number of Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthethique, chosen by default, was created. The frequency of English loan words was calculated and the types of words were analysed. The corpus contains 367 (0.8%) English loan words. Most of them are non-integrated loan words and calques. The majority of the plastic surgical loan words describe surgical techniques. The French plastic surgical language seems to be influenced by English. The usage of loan words does not always follow the recommendations and the usage is sometimes ambiguous. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Approximate analytical solutions to the double-stance dynamics of the lossy spring-loaded inverted pendulum.

PubMed

Shahbazi, Mohammad; Saranlı, Uluç; Babuška, Robert; Lopes, Gabriel A D

2016-12-05

This paper introduces approximate time-domain solutions to the otherwise non-integrable double-stance dynamics of the 'bipedal' spring-loaded inverted pendulum (B-SLIP) in the presence of non-negligible damping. We first introduce an auxiliary system whose behavior under certain conditions is approximately equivalent to the B-SLIP in double-stance. Then, we derive approximate solutions to the dynamics of the new system following two different methods: (i) updated-momentum approach that can deal with both the lossy and lossless B-SLIP models, and (ii) perturbation-based approach following which we only derive a solution to the lossless case. The prediction performance of each method is characterized via a comprehensive numerical analysis. The derived representations are computationally very efficient compared to numerical integrations, and, hence, are suitable for online planning, increasing the autonomy of walking robots. Two application examples of walking gait control are presented. The proposed solutions can serve as instrumental tools in various fields such as control in legged robotics and human motion understanding in biomechanics.

Direct In Vivo Reprogramming with Sendai Virus Vectors Improves Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction.

PubMed

Miyamoto, Kazutaka; Akiyama, Mizuha; Tamura, Fumiya; Isomi, Mari; Yamakawa, Hiroyuki; Sadahiro, Taketaro; Muraoka, Naoto; Kojima, Hidenori; Haginiwa, Sho; Kurotsu, Shota; Tani, Hidenori; Wang, Li; Qian, Li; Inoue, Makoto; Ide, Yoshinori; Kurokawa, Junko; Yamamoto, Tsunehisa; Seki, Tomohisa; Aeba, Ryo; Yamagishi, Hiroyuki; Fukuda, Keiichi; Ieda, Masaki

2018-01-04

Direct cardiac reprogramming holds great promise for regenerative medicine. We previously generated directly reprogrammed induced cardiomyocyte-like cells (iCMs) by overexpression of Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5 (GMT) using retrovirus vectors. However, integrating vectors pose risks associated with insertional mutagenesis and disruption of gene expression and are inefficient. Here, we show that Sendai virus (SeV) vectors expressing cardiac reprogramming factors efficiently and rapidly reprogram both mouse and human fibroblasts into integration-free iCMs via robust transgene expression. SeV-GMT generated 100-fold more beating iCMs than retroviral-GMT and shortened the duration to induce beating cells from 30 to 10 days in mouse fibroblasts. In vivo lineage tracing revealed that the gene transfer of SeV-GMT was more efficient than retroviral-GMT in reprogramming resident cardiac fibroblasts into iCMs in mouse infarct hearts. Moreover, SeV-GMT improved cardiac function and reduced fibrosis after myocardial infarction. Thus, efficient, non-integrating SeV vectors may serve as a powerful system for cardiac regeneration. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Optimization of noise in non-integrated instrumentation amplifier for the amplification of very low electrophysiological [corrected] signals. Case of electro cardio graphic signals (ECG).

PubMed

Ngounou, Guy Merlin; Kom, Martin

2014-12-01

In this paper we present an instrumentation amplifier with discrete elements and optimized noise for the amplification of very low signals. In amplifying signals of very weak amplitude, the noise can completely absorb these signals if the used amplifier does not present the optimal guarantee to minimize the noise. Based on related research and re-viewing of recent patents Journal of Medical Systems, 30:205-209, 2006, we suggest an approach of noise reduction in amplification much more thoroughly than re-viewing of recent patents and we deduce from it the general criteria necessary and essential to achieve this optimization. The comparison of these criteria with the provisions adopted in practice leads to the inadequacy of conventional amplifiers for effective noise reduction. The amplifier we propose is an instrumentation amplifier with active negative feedback and optimized noise for the amplification of signals with very low amplitude. The application of this method in the case of electro cardio graphic signals (ECG) provides simulation results fully in line with forecasts.

CD34+ cells from dental pulp stem cells with a ZFN-mediated and homology-driven repair-mediated locus-specific knock-in of an artificial β-globin gene.

PubMed

Chattong, S; Ruangwattanasuk, O; Yindeedej, W; Setpakdee, A; Manotham, K

2017-07-01

In humans, mutations in the β-globin gene (HBB) have two important clinical manifestations: β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. The progress in genome editing and stem cell research may be relevant to the treatment of β-globin-related diseases. In this work, we employed zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN)-mediated gene integration of synthetic β-globin cDNA into HBB loci, thus correcting almost all β-globin mutations. The integration was achieved in both HEK 293 cells and isolated dental pulp stem cell (DPSCs). We also showed that DPSCs with an artificial gene knock-in were capable of generating stable six-cell clones and were expandable at least 10 8 -fold; therefore, they may serve as a personalized stem cell factory. In addition, transfection with non-integrated pCAG-hOct4 and culturing in a conditioned medium converted the genome-edited DPSCs to CD34 + HSC-like cells. We believe that this approach may be useful for the treatment of β-globin-related diseases, especially the severe form of β-thalassemia.

Sunburn risk among children and outdoor workers in South Africa and Reunion Island coastal sites.

PubMed

Wright, Caradee Y; Brogniez, Colette; Ncongwane, Katlego P; Sivakumar, Venkataraman; Coetzee, Gerrie; Metzger, Jean-Marc; Auriol, Frédérique; Deroo, Christine; Sauvage, Béatrice

2013-01-01

To estimate potential sunburn risk for schoolchildren and outdoor workers, ground-based ambient solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) measurements were converted into possible child (5% of ambient solar UVR) and outdoor worker (20% of ambient solar UVR) solar UVR exposures by skin type and season for three coastal sites: Durban, Cape Point (South Africa) and Saint Denis (Reunion Island, France). Cumulative daily ambient solar UVR levels were relatively high at all sites, especially during summer, with maximum values of about 67, 57 and 74 Standard Erythemal Dose (SED) (1 SED = 100 J m(-2)) at Durban, Cape Point and Saint Denis respectively. Sunburn risk was evident for both children and outdoor workers, especially those with skin types I and II (extremely to moderately sensitive) during summer, early autumn and/or late spring at all three sites. Although results need to be verified with real-time, instantaneous and nonintegrated personal solar UVR measurements, this understanding of sunburn risk is useful for initiating the development skin cancer prevention and sun protection awareness campaigns in both countries. © 2013 The American Society of Photobiology.

Chaotic coordinates for the Large Helical Device

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hudson, Stuart; Suzuki, Yasuhiro

2014-10-01

The study of dynamical systems is facilitated by a coordinate framework with coordinate surfaces that coincide with invariant structures of the dynamical flow. For axisymmetric systems, a continuous family of invariant surfaces is guaranteed and straight-fieldline coordinates may be constructed. For non-integrable systems, e.g. stellarators, perturbed tokamaks, this continuous family is broken. Nevertheless, coordinates can still be constructed that simplify the description of the dynamics. The Poincare-Birkhoff theorem, the Aubry-Mather theorem, and the KAM theorem show that there are important structures that are invariant under the perturbed dynamics; namely the periodic orbits, the cantori, and the irrational flux surfaces. Coordinates adapted to these invariant sets, which we call chaotic coordinates, provide substantial advantages. The regular motion becomes straight, and the irregular motion is bounded by, and dissected by, coordinate surfaces that coincide with surfaces of locally-minimal magnetic-fieldline flux. The chaotic edge of the magnetic field, as calculated by HINT2 code, in the Large Helical Device (LHD) is examined, and a coordinate system is constructed so that the flux surfaces are ``straight'' and the islands become ``square.''

Dimensional changes of acrylic resin denture bases: conventional versus injection-molding technique.

PubMed

Gharechahi, Jafar; Asadzadeh, Nafiseh; Shahabian, Foad; Gharechahi, Maryam

2014-07-01

Acrylic resin denture bases undergo dimensional changes during polymerization. Injection molding techniques are reported to reduce these changes and thereby improve physical properties of denture bases. The aim of this study was to compare dimensional changes of specimens processed by conventional and injection-molding techniques. SR-Ivocap Triplex Hot resin was used for conventional pressure-packed and SR-Ivocap High Impact was used for injection-molding techniques. After processing, all the specimens were stored in distilled water at room temperature until measured. For dimensional accuracy evaluation, measurements were recorded at 24-hour, 48-hour and 12-day intervals using a digital caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 mm. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) using t-test and repeated-measures ANOVA. Statistical significance was defined at P<0.05. After each water storage period, the acrylic specimens produced by injection exhibited less dimensional changes compared to those produced by the conventional technique. Curing shrinkage was compensated by water sorption with an increase in water storage time decreasing dimensional changes. Within the limitations of this study, dimensional changes of acrylic resin specimens were influenced by the molding technique used and SR-Ivocap injection procedure exhibited higher dimensional accuracy compared to conventional molding.

Dimensional Changes of Acrylic Resin Denture Bases: Conventional Versus Injection-Molding Technique

PubMed Central

Gharechahi, Jafar; Asadzadeh, Nafiseh; Shahabian, Foad; Gharechahi, Maryam

2014-01-01

Objective: Acrylic resin denture bases undergo dimensional changes during polymerization. Injection molding techniques are reported to reduce these changes and thereby improve physical properties of denture bases. The aim of this study was to compare dimensional changes of specimens processed by conventional and injection-molding techniques. Materials and Methods: SR-Ivocap Triplex Hot resin was used for conventional pressure-packed and SR-Ivocap High Impact was used for injection-molding techniques. After processing, all the specimens were stored in distilled water at room temperature until measured. For dimensional accuracy evaluation, measurements were recorded at 24-hour, 48-hour and 12-day intervals using a digital caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 mm. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) using t-test and repeated-measures ANOVA. Statistical significance was defined at P<0.05. Results: After each water storage period, the acrylic specimens produced by injection exhibited less dimensional changes compared to those produced by the conventional technique. Curing shrinkage was compensated by water sorption with an increase in water storage time decreasing dimensional changes. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, dimensional changes of acrylic resin specimens were influenced by the molding technique used and SR-Ivocap injection procedure exhibited higher dimensional accuracy compared to conventional molding. PMID:25584050

Effect of growth pressure on the morphology evolution and doping characteristics in nonpolar a-plane GaN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Keun Man; Kim, Jong Min; Kang, Bong Kyun; Shin, Chan Soo; Ko, Chul Gi; Kong, Bo Hyun; Cho, Hyung Koun; Yoon, Dae Ho; Kim, Hogyoung; Hwang, Sung Min

2012-02-01

Nonpolar a-plane GaN layers grown on r-plane sapphire substrates were examined by using a two-step growth process. The higher initial growth pressure for the nucleation layer resulted in the improved crystalline quality with lower density of both threading dislocations and basal stacking faults. This was attributed to the higher degree of initial roughening and recovery time via a growth mode transition from three-dimensional (3D) to quasi two-dimensional (2D) lateral growth. Using Hall-effect measurements, the overgrown Si doped GaN layers grown with higher initial growth pressure were found to have higher mobility. The scattering mechanism due to the dislocations was dominant especially at low temperature (<200 K) for the lower initial growth pressure, which was insignificant for the higher initial growth pressure. The temperature-dependent Hall-effect measurements for the Mg doped GaN with a higher initial growth pressure yielded the activation energy and the acceptor concentration to be 128 meV and 1.2 × 1019 cm-3, respectively, corresponding to about 3.6% of activation at room temperature. Two-step growth scheme with a higher initial growth pressure is suggested as a potential method to improve the performance of nonpolar a-plane GaN based devices.

Analysis of absorption and reflection mechanisms in a three-dimensional plate silencer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Chunqi; Huang, Lixi

2008-06-01

When a segment of a rigid duct is replaced by a plate backed by a hard-walled cavity, grazing incident sound waves induce plate vibration, hence sound reflection. Based on this mechanism, a broadband plate silencer, which works effectively from low-to-medium frequencies have been developed recently. A typical plate silencer consists of an expansion chamber with two side-branch cavities covered by light but extremely stiff plates. Such a configuration is two-dimensional in nature. In this paper, numerical study is extended to three-dimensional configurations to investigate the potential improvement in sound reflection. Finite element simulation shows that the three-dimensional configurations perform better than the corresponding two-dimensional design, especially in the relatively high frequency region. Further analysis shows that the three-dimensional design gives better plate response at higher axial modes than the simple two-dimensional design. Sound absorption mechanism is also introduced to the plate silencer by adding two dissipative chambers on the two lateral sides of a two-cavity wave reflector, hence a hybrid silencer. Numerical simulation shows that the proposed hybrid silencer is able to achieve a good moderate bandwidth with much reduced total length in comparison with pure absorption design.

Arbitrarily high-order time-stepping schemes based on the operator spectrum theory for high-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Changying; Wu, Xinyuan

2017-07-01

In this paper we explore arbitrarily high-order Lagrange collocation-type time-stepping schemes for effectively solving high-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations with different boundary conditions. We begin with one-dimensional periodic boundary problems and first formulate an abstract ordinary differential equation (ODE) on a suitable infinity-dimensional function space based on the operator spectrum theory. We then introduce an operator-variation-of-constants formula which is essential for the derivation of our arbitrarily high-order Lagrange collocation-type time-stepping schemes for the nonlinear abstract ODE. The nonlinear stability and convergence are rigorously analysed once the spatial differential operator is approximated by an appropriate positive semi-definite matrix under some suitable smoothness assumptions. With regard to the two dimensional Dirichlet or Neumann boundary problems, our new time-stepping schemes coupled with discrete Fast Sine / Cosine Transformation can be applied to simulate the two-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations effectively. All essential features of the methodology are present in one-dimensional and two-dimensional cases, although the schemes to be analysed lend themselves with equal to higher-dimensional case. The numerical simulation is implemented and the numerical results clearly demonstrate the advantage and effectiveness of our new schemes in comparison with the existing numerical methods for solving nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations in the literature.

Three New (2+1)-dimensional Integrable Systems and Some Related Darboux Transformations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Xiu-Rong

2016-06-01

We introduce two operator commutators by using different-degree loop algebras of the Lie algebra A1, then under the framework of zero curvature equations we generate two (2+1)-dimensional integrable hierarchies, including the (2+1)-dimensional shallow water wave (SWW) hierarchy and the (2+1)-dimensional Kaup-Newell (KN) hierarchy. Through reduction of the (2+1)-dimensional hierarchies, we get a (2+1)-dimensional SWW equation and a (2+1)-dimensional KN equation. Furthermore, we obtain two Darboux transformations of the (2+1)-dimensional SWW equation. Similarly, the Darboux transformations of the (2+1)-dimensional KN equation could be deduced. Finally, with the help of the spatial spectral matrix of SWW hierarchy, we generate a (2+1) heat equation and a (2+1) nonlinear generalized SWW system containing inverse operators with respect to the variables x and y by using a reduction spectral problem from the self-dual Yang-Mills equations. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11371361, the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. ZR2012AQ011, ZR2013AL016, ZR2015EM042, National Social Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 13BJY026, the Development of Science and Technology Project under Grant No. 2015NS1048 and A Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program under Grant No. J14LI58

The Relationship of Obesity to Increasing Health-Care Burden in the Setting of Orthopaedic Polytrauma.

PubMed

Licht, Heather; Murray, Mark; Vassaur, John; Jupiter, Daniel C; Regner, Justin L; Chaput, Christopher D

2015-11-18

With the rise of obesity in the American population, there has been a proportionate increase of obesity in the trauma population. The purpose of this study was to use a computed tomography-based measurement of adiposity to determine if obesity is associated with an increased burden to the health-care system in patients with orthopaedic polytrauma. A prospective comprehensive trauma database at a level-I trauma center was utilized to identify 301 patients with polytrauma who had orthopaedic injuries and intensive care unit admission from 2006 to 2011. Routine thoracoabdominal computed tomographic scans allowed for measurement of the truncal adiposity volume. The truncal three-dimensional reconstruction body mass index was calculated from the computed tomography-based volumes based on a previously validated algorithm. A truncal three-dimensional reconstruction body mass index of <30 kg/m(2) denoted non-obese patients and ≥ 30 kg/m(2) denoted obese patients. The need for orthopaedic surgical procedure, in-hospital mortality, length of stay, hospital charges, and discharge disposition were compared between the two groups. Of the 301 patients, 21.6% were classified as obese (truncal three-dimensional reconstruction body mass index of ≥ 30 kg/m(2)). Higher truncal three-dimensional reconstruction body mass index was associated with longer hospital length of stay (p = 0.02), more days spent in the intensive care unit (p = 0.03), more frequent discharge to a long-term care facility (p < 0.0002), higher rate of orthopaedic surgical intervention (p < 0.01), and increased total hospital charges (p < 0.001). Computed tomographic scans, routinely obtained at the time of admission, can be utilized to calculate truncal adiposity and to investigate the impact of obesity on patients with polytrauma. Obese patients were found to have higher total hospital charges, longer hospital stays, discharge to a continuing-care facility, and a higher rate of orthopaedic surgical intervention. Copyright © 2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated.

Cultural-Historical Activity Theory/Design-Based Research in Pasteur's Quadrant

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greeno, James G.

2016-01-01

About two decades ago, Donald Stokes published "Pasteur's Quadrant" (Stokes, 1997). Stokes proposed that the motivations of different research projects can be understood as a two-dimensional system, with higher or lower concern for improving technology and practice on one dimension and higher or lower concern for improving fundamental…

Six-dimensional quantum dynamics study for the dissociative adsorption of DCl on Au(111) surface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Tianhui; Fu, Bina; Zhang, Dong H.

2014-04-01

We carried out six-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations for the dissociative adsorption of deuterium chloride (DCl) on Au(111) surface using the initial state-selected time-dependent wave packet approach. The four-dimensional dissociation probabilities are also obtained with the center of mass of DCl fixed at various sites. These calculations were all performed based on an accurate potential energy surface recently constructed by neural network fitting to density function theory energy points. The origin of the extremely small dissociation probability for DCl/HCl (v = 0, j = 0) fixed at the top site compared to other fixed sites is elucidated in this study. The influence of vibrational excitation and rotational orientation of DCl on the reactivity was investigated by calculating six-dimensional dissociation probabilities. The vibrational excitation of DCl enhances the reactivity substantially and the helicopter orientation yields higher dissociation probability than the cartwheel orientation. The site-averaged dissociation probability over 25 fixed sites obtained from four-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations can accurately reproduce the six-dimensional dissociation probability.

Six-dimensional quantum dynamics study for the dissociative adsorption of DCl on Au(111) surface

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Tianhui; Fu, Bina, E-mail: bina@dicp.ac.cn, E-mail: zhangdh@dicp.ac.cn; Zhang, Dong H., E-mail: bina@dicp.ac.cn, E-mail: zhangdh@dicp.ac.cn

We carried out six-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations for the dissociative adsorption of deuterium chloride (DCl) on Au(111) surface using the initial state-selected time-dependent wave packet approach. The four-dimensional dissociation probabilities are also obtained with the center of mass of DCl fixed at various sites. These calculations were all performed based on an accurate potential energy surface recently constructed by neural network fitting to density function theory energy points. The origin of the extremely small dissociation probability for DCl/HCl (v = 0, j = 0) fixed at the top site compared to other fixed sites is elucidated in this study. The influence of vibrational excitationmore » and rotational orientation of DCl on the reactivity was investigated by calculating six-dimensional dissociation probabilities. The vibrational excitation of DCl enhances the reactivity substantially and the helicopter orientation yields higher dissociation probability than the cartwheel orientation. The site-averaged dissociation probability over 25 fixed sites obtained from four-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations can accurately reproduce the six-dimensional dissociation probability.« less

High dimensional feature reduction via projection pursuit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jimenez, Luis; Landgrebe, David

1994-01-01

The recent development of more sophisticated remote sensing systems enables the measurement of radiation in many more spectral intervals than previously possible. An example of that technology is the AVIRIS system, which collects image data in 220 bands. As a result of this, new algorithms must be developed in order to analyze the more complex data effectively. Data in a high dimensional space presents a substantial challenge, since intuitive concepts valid in a 2-3 dimensional space to not necessarily apply in higher dimensional spaces. For example, high dimensional space is mostly empty. This results from the concentration of data in the corners of hypercubes. Other examples may be cited. Such observations suggest the need to project data to a subspace of a much lower dimension on a problem specific basis in such a manner that information is not lost. Projection Pursuit is a technique that will accomplish such a goal. Since it processes data in lower dimensions, it should avoid many of the difficulties of high dimensional spaces. In this paper, we begin the investigation of some of the properties of Projection Pursuit for this purpose.

Upon Generating (2+1)-dimensional Dynamical Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Yufeng; Bai, Yang; Wu, Lixin

2016-06-01

Under the framework of the Adler-Gel'fand-Dikii(AGD) scheme, we first propose two Hamiltonian operator pairs over a noncommutative ring so that we construct a new dynamical system in 2+1 dimensions, then we get a generalized special Novikov-Veselov (NV) equation via the Manakov triple. Then with the aid of a special symmetric Lie algebra of a reductive homogeneous group G, we adopt the Tu-Andrushkiw-Huang (TAH) scheme to generate a new integrable (2+1)-dimensional dynamical system and its Hamiltonian structure, which can reduce to the well-known (2+1)-dimensional Davey-Stewartson (DS) hierarchy. Finally, we extend the binormial residue representation (briefly BRR) scheme to the super higher dimensional integrable hierarchies with the help of a super subalgebra of the super Lie algebra sl(2/1), which is also a kind of symmetric Lie algebra of the reductive homogeneous group G. As applications, we obtain a super 2+1 dimensional MKdV hierarchy which can be reduced to a super 2+1 dimensional generalized AKNS equation. Finally, we compare the advantages and the shortcomings for the three schemes to generate integrable dynamical systems.

Experimental Observation of One-Dimensional Superradiance Lattices in Ultracold Atoms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Liangchao; Wang, Pengjun; Meng, Zengming; Huang, Lianghui; Cai, Han; Wang, Da-Wei; Zhu, Shi-Yao; Zhang, Jing

2018-05-01

We measure the superradiant emission in a one-dimensional (1D) superradiance lattice (SL) in ultracold atoms. Resonantly excited to a superradiant state, the atoms are further coupled to other collectively excited states, which form a 1D SL. The directional emission of one of the superradiant excited states in the 1D SL is measured. The emission spectra depend on the band structure, which can be controlled by the frequency and intensity of the coupling laser fields. This work provides a platform for investigating the collective Lamb shift of resonantly excited superradiant states in Bose-Einstein condensates and paves the way for realizing higher dimensional superradiance lattices.

A new idea for broad band reflector and tunable multichannel filter of one dimensional symmetric photonic crystal with magnetized cold plasma defects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Asish; Singh, Prabal P.; Thapa, Khem B.

2018-05-01

The optical properties of one-dimensional periodic structure composed by SiO2 and dielectric (air) layers with asymmetric and symmetric forms studied. The transmittance for symmetric periodic defective structure analyzed by introducing one, two, three layers of magnetized cold plasma (MCP) in one-dimensional periodic structure. We found better result for symmetric defect of three layer of the MCP compare to the other defective structures. On the basis of our calculated results, we proposed a new idea for broadband reflector at lower frequency range as well as the multichannel filter at higher frequency range.

Algorithm for loading shot noise microbunching in multi-dimensional, free-electron laser simulation codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fawley, William M.

We discuss the underlying reasoning behind and the details of the numerical algorithm used in the GINGER free-electron laser(FEL) simulation code to load the initial shot noise microbunching on the electron beam. In particular, we point out that there are some additional subtleties which must be followed for multi-dimensional codes which are not necessary for one-dimensional formulations. Moreover, requiring that the higher harmonics of the microbunching also be properly initialized with the correct statistics leads to additional complexities. We present some numerical results including the predicted incoherent, spontaneous emission as tests of the shot noise algorithm's correctness.

Geometrical structure of Neural Networks: Geodesics, Jeffrey's Prior and Hyper-ribbons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hayden, Lorien; Alemi, Alex; Sethna, James

2014-03-01

Neural networks are learning algorithms which are employed in a host of Machine Learning problems including speech recognition, object classification and data mining. In practice, neural networks learn a low dimensional representation of high dimensional data and define a model manifold which is an embedding of this low dimensional structure in the higher dimensional space. In this work, we explore the geometrical structure of a neural network model manifold. A Stacked Denoising Autoencoder and a Deep Belief Network are trained on handwritten digits from the MNIST database. Construction of geodesics along the surface and of slices taken from the high dimensional manifolds reveal a hierarchy of widths corresponding to a hyper-ribbon structure. This property indicates that neural networks fall into the class of sloppy models, in which certain parameter combinations dominate the behavior. Employing this information could prove valuable in designing both neural network architectures and training algorithms. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No . DGE-1144153.

Three-Dimensional Digital Documentation of Heritage Sites Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jo, Y. H.; Kim, J. Y.

2017-08-01

Three-dimensional digital documentation is an important technique for the maintenance and monitoring of cultural heritage sites. This study focuses on the three-dimensional digital documentation of the Magoksa Temple, Republic of Korea, using a combination of terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry. Terrestrial laser scanning mostly acquired the vertical geometry of the buildings. In addition, the digital orthoimage produced by UAV photogrammetry had higher horizontal data acquisition rate than that produced by terrestrial laser scanning. Thus, the scanning and UAV photogrammetry were merged by matching 20 corresponding points and an absolute coordinate system was established using seven ground control points. The final, complete threedimensional shape had perfect horizontal and vertical geometries. This study demonstrates the potential of integrating terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry for three-dimensional digital documentation. This new technique is expected to contribute to the three-dimensional digital documentation and spatial analysis of cultural heritage sites.

Shock Capturing with PDE-Based Artificial Viscosity for an Adaptive, Higher-Order Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-06-01

Geometry Interpolation The function space , VpH , consists of discontinuous, piecewise-polynomials. This work used a polynomial basis for VpH such...between a piecewise-constant and smooth variation of viscosity in both a one- dimensional and multi- dimensional setting. Before continuing with the ...inviscid, transonic flow past a NACA 0012 at zero angle of attack and freestream Mach number of M∞ = 0.95. The

Creating 3, 4, 6 and 10-dimensional spacetime from W3 symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ambjørn, J.; Watabiki, Y.

2017-07-01

We describe a model where breaking of W3 symmetry will lead to the emergence of time and subsequently of space. Surprisingly the simplest such models which lead to higher dimensional spacetimes are based on the four ;magical; Jordan algebras of 3 × 3 Hermitian matrices with real, complex, quaternion and octonion entries, respectively. The simplest symmetry breaking leads to universes with spacetime dimensions 3, 4, 6, and 10.

New phases of D ge 2 current and diffeomorphism algebras in particle physics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tze, Chia-Hsiung.

We survey some global results and open issues of current algebras and their canonical field theoretical realization in D {ge} 2 dimensional spacetime. We assess the status of the representation theory of their generalized Kac-Moody and diffeomorphism algebras. Particular emphasis is put on higher dimensional analogs of fermi-bose correspondence, complex analyticity and the phase entanglements of anyonic solitons with exotic spin and statistics. 101 refs.

Induced superconductivity in high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in gallium arsenide heterostructures.

PubMed

Wan, Zhong; Kazakov, Aleksandr; Manfra, Michael J; Pfeiffer, Loren N; West, Ken W; Rokhinson, Leonid P

2015-06-11

Search for Majorana fermions renewed interest in semiconductor-superconductor interfaces, while a quest for higher-order non-Abelian excitations demands formation of superconducting contacts to materials with fractionalized excitations, such as a two-dimensional electron gas in a fractional quantum Hall regime. Here we report induced superconductivity in high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in gallium arsenide heterostructures and development of highly transparent semiconductor-superconductor ohmic contacts. Supercurrent with characteristic temperature dependence of a ballistic junction has been observed across 0.6 μm, a regime previously achieved only in point contacts but essential to the formation of well separated non-Abelian states. High critical fields (>16 T) in NbN contacts enables investigation of an interplay between superconductivity and strongly correlated states in a two-dimensional electron gas at high magnetic fields.

Induced superconductivity in high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in gallium arsenide heterostructures

PubMed Central

Wan, Zhong; Kazakov, Aleksandr; Manfra, Michael J.; Pfeiffer, Loren N.; West, Ken W.; Rokhinson, Leonid P.

2015-01-01

Search for Majorana fermions renewed interest in semiconductor–superconductor interfaces, while a quest for higher-order non-Abelian excitations demands formation of superconducting contacts to materials with fractionalized excitations, such as a two-dimensional electron gas in a fractional quantum Hall regime. Here we report induced superconductivity in high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in gallium arsenide heterostructures and development of highly transparent semiconductor–superconductor ohmic contacts. Supercurrent with characteristic temperature dependence of a ballistic junction has been observed across 0.6 μm, a regime previously achieved only in point contacts but essential to the formation of well separated non-Abelian states. High critical fields (>16 T) in NbN contacts enables investigation of an interplay between superconductivity and strongly correlated states in a two-dimensional electron gas at high magnetic fields. PMID:26067452

Higher-dimensional gravitational collapse of perfect fluid spherically symmetric spacetime in f(R, T) gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khan, Suhail; Khan, Muhammad Shoaib; Ali, Amjad

2018-04-01

In this paper, our aim is to study (n + 2)-dimensional collapse of perfect fluid spherically symmetric spacetime in the context of f(R, T) gravity. The matching conditions are acquired by considering a spherically symmetric non-static (n + 2)-dimensional metric in the inner region and Schwarzschild (n + 2)-dimensional metric in the outer region of the star. To solve the field equations for above settings in f(R, T) gravity, we choose the stress-energy tensor trace and the Ricci scalar as constants. It is observed that two physical horizons, namely, cosmological and black hole horizons appear as a consequence of this collapse. A singularity is also formed after the birth of both the horizons. It is also observed that the term f(R0, T0) slows down the collapsing process.

Higher spin realization of the DS/CFT correspondence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anninos, Dionysios; Hartman, Thomas; Strominger, Andrew

2017-01-01

We conjecture that Vasiliev’s theory of higher spin gravity in four-dimensional de Sitter space (dS4) is holographically dual to a three-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT3) living on the spacelike boundary of dS4 at future timelike infinity. The CFT3 is the Euclidean Sp(N) vector model with anticommuting scalars. The free CFT3 flows under a double-trace deformation to an interacting CFT3 in the IR. We argue that both CFTs are dual to Vasiliev dS4 gravity but with different future boundary conditions on the bulk scalar field. Our analysis rests heavily on analytic continuations of bulk and boundary correlators in the proposed duality relating the O(N) model with Vasiliev gravity in AdS4.