SPIDER: Next Generation Chip Scale Imaging Sensor Update

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duncan, A.; Kendrick, R.; Ogden, C.; Wuchenich, D.; Thurman, S.; Su, T.; Lai, W.; Chun, J.; Li, S.; Liu, G.; Yoo, S. J. B.

2016-09-01

The Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center (LM ATC) and the University of California at Davis (UC Davis) are developing an electro-optical (EO) imaging sensor called SPIDER (Segmented Planar Imaging Detector for Electro-optical Reconnaissance) that seeks to provide a 10x to 100x size, weight, and power (SWaP) reduction alternative to the traditional bulky optical telescope and focal-plane detector array. The substantial reductions in SWaP would reduce cost and/or provide higher resolution by enabling a larger-aperture imager in a constrained volume. Our SPIDER imager replaces the traditional optical telescope and digital focal plane detector array with a densely packed interferometer array based on emerging photonic integrated circuit (PIC) technologies that samples the object being imaged in the Fourier domain (i.e., spatial frequency domain), and then reconstructs an image. Our approach replaces the large optics and structures required by a conventional telescope with PICs that are accommodated by standard lithographic fabrication techniques (e.g., complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication). The standard EO payload integration and test process that involves precision alignment and test of optical components to form a diffraction limited telescope is, therefore, replaced by in-process integration and test as part of the PIC fabrication, which substantially reduces associated schedule and cost. This paper provides an overview of performance data on the second-generation PIC for SPIDER developed under the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)'s SPIDER Zoom research funding. We also update the design description of the SPIDER Zoom imaging sensor and the second-generation PIC (high- and low resolution versions).

77 FR 2613 - Registration of Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-19

...The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission or CFTC) is adopting regulations under the Commodity Exchange Act (Act or CEA) that establish the process for the registration of swap dealers (SDs) and major swap participants (MSPs, and collectively with SDs, Swaps Entities) and that require Swaps Entities to become and remain members of a registered futures association (RFA). The Commission is also adopting regulations that define an ``associated person'' of an SD or MSP as a natural person and that implement the prohibition on a Swaps Entity permitting an associated person who is statutorily disqualified from registration from effecting or being involved in effecting swaps on behalf of the Swaps Entity. The Commission is adopting these regulations in accordance with section 4s of the CEA, which was recently added to the CEA by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act).

Dynamic Quantum Allocation and Swap-Time Variability in Time-Sharing Operating Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bhat, U. Narayan; Nance, Richard E.

The effects of dynamic quantum allocation and swap-time variability on central processing unit (CPU) behavior are investigated using a model that allows both quantum length and swap-time to be state-dependent random variables. Effective CPU utilization is defined to be the proportion of a CPU busy period that is devoted to program processing, i.e.…

Theoretical Bounds of Direct Binary Search Halftoning.

PubMed

Liao, Jan-Ray

2015-11-01

Direct binary search (DBS) produces the images of the best quality among half-toning algorithms. The reason is that it minimizes the total squared perceived error instead of using heuristic approaches. The search for the optimal solution involves two operations: (1) toggle and (2) swap. Both operations try to find the binary states for each pixel to minimize the total squared perceived error. This error energy minimization leads to a conjecture that the absolute value of the filtered error after DBS converges is bounded by half of the peak value of the autocorrelation filter. However, a proof of the bound's existence has not yet been found. In this paper, we present a proof that shows the bound existed as conjectured under the condition that at least one swap occurs after toggle converges. The theoretical analysis also indicates that a swap with a pixel further away from the center of the autocorrelation filter results in a tighter bound. Therefore, we propose a new DBS algorithm which considers toggle and swap separately, and the swap operations are considered in the order from the edge to the center of the filter. Experimental results show that the new algorithm is more efficient than the previous algorithm and can produce half-toned images of the same quality as the previous algorithm.

The Projects for Onboard Autonomy (PROBA2) Science Centre: Sun Watcher Using APS Detectors and Image Processing (SWAP) and Large-Yield Radiometer (LYRA) Science Operations and Data Products

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zender, J.; Berghmans, D.; Bloomfield, D. S.; Cabanas Parada, C.; Dammasch, I.; De Groof, A.; D'Huys, E.; Dominique, M.; Gallagher, P.; Giordanengo, B.; Higgins, P. A.; Hochedez, J.-F.; Yalim, M. S.; Nicula, B.; Pylyser, E.; Sanchez-Duarte, L.; Schwehm, G.; Seaton, D. B.; Stanger, A.; Stegen, K.; Willems, S.

2013-08-01

The PROBA2 Science Centre (P2SC) is a small-scale science operations centre supporting the Sun observation instruments onboard PROBA2: the EUV imager Sun Watcher using APS detectors and image Processing (SWAP) and Large-Yield Radiometer (LYRA). PROBA2 is one of ESA's small, low-cost Projects for Onboard Autonomy (PROBA) and part of ESA's In-Orbit Technology Demonstration Programme. The P2SC is hosted at the Royal Observatory of Belgium, co-located with both Principal Investigator teams. The P2SC tasks cover science planning, instrument commanding, instrument monitoring, data processing, support of outreach activities, and distribution of science data products. PROBA missions aim for a high degree of autonomy at mission and system level, including the science operations centre. The autonomy and flexibility of the P2SC is reached by a set of web-based interfaces allowing the operators as well as the instrument teams to monitor quasi-continuously the status of the operations, allowing a quick reaction to solar events. In addition, several new concepts are implemented at instrument, spacecraft, and ground-segment levels allowing a high degree of flexibility in the operations of the instruments. This article explains the key concepts of the P2SC, emphasising the automation and the flexibility achieved in the commanding as well as the data-processing chain.

77 FR 41601 - Process for Submissions for Review of Security-Based Swaps for Mandatory Clearing and Notice...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-13

... Swaps g. Other Issues Related to Security-Based Swap Submissions h. Additional Comments 2. Prevention of... clearing and exchange trading due to individual business needs of certain users. Those users should retain...

75 FR 70310 - Sunshine Act Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-17

... Consumer Protection Act governing the security-based swap data repository registration process, the duties of such repositories, and the core principles applicable to such repositories. 4. The Commission will... security-based swap data repositories or the Commission and the public dissemination of security-based swap...

Corrosion Screening of EV31A Magnesium and Other Magnesium Alloys using Laboratory-Based Accelerated Corrosion and Electro-Chemical Methods

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-01

corrosion studies (16). A schematic of the SWAP process and example of the powder produced is included in figure 4. This alloy contains amounts of Al ...advanced powder -based alloy and ZAXE1711 (both from Japan) were produced using a Spinning Water Atomization Process (SWAP) to yield powder particles with...and ZAXE1711 Mg alloy powders and (b) morphology of coarse Mg alloy powder prepared by SWAP

17 CFR 37.400 - Core Principle 4-Monitoring of trading and trade processing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... trading and trade processing. 37.400 Section 37.400 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP EXECUTION FACILITIES Monitoring of Trading and Trade Processing § 37.400 Core Principle 4—Monitoring of trading and trade processing. The swap execution facility shall: (a) Establish and...

Bit-level quantum color image encryption scheme with quantum cross-exchange operation and hyper-chaotic system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Nanrun; Chen, Weiwei; Yan, Xinyu; Wang, Yunqian

2018-06-01

In order to obtain higher encryption efficiency, a bit-level quantum color image encryption scheme by exploiting quantum cross-exchange operation and a 5D hyper-chaotic system is designed. Additionally, to enhance the scrambling effect, the quantum channel swapping operation is employed to swap the gray values of corresponding pixels. The proposed color image encryption algorithm has larger key space and higher security since the 5D hyper-chaotic system has more complex dynamic behavior, better randomness and unpredictability than those based on low-dimensional hyper-chaotic systems. Simulations and theoretical analyses demonstrate that the presented bit-level quantum color image encryption scheme outperforms its classical counterparts in efficiency and security.

SWAP-Assembler 2: Optimization of De Novo Genome Assembler at Large Scale

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meng, Jintao; Seo, Sangmin; Balaji, Pavan

2016-08-16

In this paper, we analyze and optimize the most time-consuming steps of the SWAP-Assembler, a parallel genome assembler, so that it can scale to a large number of cores for huge genomes with the size of sequencing data ranging from terabyes to petabytes. According to the performance analysis results, the most time-consuming steps are input parallelization, k-mer graph construction, and graph simplification (edge merging). For the input parallelization, the input data is divided into virtual fragments with nearly equal size, and the start position and end position of each fragment are automatically separated at the beginning of the reads. Inmore » k-mer graph construction, in order to improve the communication efficiency, the message size is kept constant between any two processes by proportionally increasing the number of nucleotides to the number of processes in the input parallelization step for each round. The memory usage is also decreased because only a small part of the input data is processed in each round. With graph simplification, the communication protocol reduces the number of communication loops from four to two loops and decreases the idle communication time. The optimized assembler is denoted as SWAP-Assembler 2 (SWAP2). In our experiments using a 1000 Genomes project dataset of 4 terabytes (the largest dataset ever used for assembling) on the supercomputer Mira, the results show that SWAP2 scales to 131,072 cores with an efficiency of 40%. We also compared our work with both the HipMER assembler and the SWAP-Assembler. On the Yanhuang dataset of 300 gigabytes, SWAP2 shows a 3X speedup and 4X better scalability compared with the HipMer assembler and is 45 times faster than the SWAP-Assembler. The SWAP2 software is available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/swapassembler.« less

Study of quantum correlation swapping with relative entropy methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xie, Chuanmei; Liu, Yimin; Chen, Jianlan; Zhang, Zhanjun

2016-02-01

To generate long-distance shared quantum correlations (QCs) for information processing in future quantum networks, recently we proposed the concept of QC repeater and its kernel technique named QC swapping. Besides, we extensively studied the QC swapping between two simple QC resources (i.e., a pair of Werner states) with four different methods to quantify QCs (Xie et al. in Quantum Inf Process 14:653-679, 2015). In this paper, we continue to treat the same issue by employing other three different methods associated with relative entropies, i.e., the MPSVW method (Modi et al. in Phys Rev Lett 104:080501, 2010), the Zhang method (arXiv:1011.4333 [quant-ph]) and the RS method (Rulli and Sarandy in Phys Rev A 84:042109, 2011). We first derive analytic expressions of all QCs which occur during the swapping process and then reveal their properties about monotonicity and threshold. Importantly, we find that a long-distance shared QC can be generated from two short-distance ones via QC swapping indeed. In addition, we simply compare our present results with our previous ones.

75 FR 82489 - Process for Submissions for Review of Security-Based Swaps for Mandatory Clearing and Notice...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-30

... Part IV Securities and Exchange Commission 17 CFR Parts 240 and 249 Process for Submissions for Review of Security-Based Swaps for Mandatory Clearing and Notice Filing Requirements for Clearing...;#0; [[Page 82490

76 FR 44464 - Process for Review of Swaps for Mandatory Clearing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-26

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Parts 39 and 140 RIN 3038-AD00 Process for Review of Swaps for Mandatory Clearing AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission or CFTC) is adopting regulations to implement...

Replacement of tritiated water from irradiated fuel storage bay

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Castillo, I.; Boniface, H.; Suppiah, S.

2015-03-15

Recently, AECL developed a novel method to reduce tritium emissions (to groundwater) and personnel doses at the NRU (National Research Universal) reactor irradiated fuel storage bay (also known as rod or spent fuel bay) through a water swap process. The light water in the fuel bay had built up tritium that had been transferred from the heavy water moderator through normal fuel transfers. The major advantage of the thermal stratification method was that a very effective tritium reduction could be achieved by swapping a minimal volume of bay water and warm tritiated water would be skimmed off the bay surface.more » A demonstration of the method was done that involved Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling of the swap process and a test program that showed excellent agreement with model prediction for the effective removal of almost all the tritium with a minimal water volume. Building on the successful demonstration, AECL fabricated, installed, commissioned and operated a full-scale system to perform a water swap. This full-scale water swap operation achieved a tritium removal efficiency of about 96%.« less

Considerable improvement of entanglement swapping by considering multiphoton transitions via cavity quantum electrodynamics method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pakniat, R.; Soltani, M.; Tavassoly, M. K.

2018-03-01

Recently we studied the effect of photon addition in the initial coherent field on the entanglement swapping which causes some improvements in the process [Soltani et al., Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 31, 1750198 (2017)]. In this paper, we investigate the influence of multiphoton transitions in the atom-field interaction based on the cavity quantum electrodynamics on the entanglement swapping and show its considerable constructive effect on this process. The presented model consists of two two-level atoms namely A1 and A2 and two distinct cavity fields F1 and F2. Initially, the atoms are prepared in a maximally entangled state and the fields in the cavities are prepared in hybrid entangled state of number and coherent states, separately. Making the atom A2 to interact with the field F1 (via the generalized Jaynes-Cummings model which allows m-photon transitions between atomic levels in the emission and absorption processes) followed by their detection allows us to arrive at the entanglement swapping from the two atoms A1, A2 and the two fields F1, F2 to the atom-field A1-F2 system. Then, we pay our attention to the time evolution of success probability of detecting processes and fidelity. Also, to determine the amount of entanglement of the generated entangled state in the swapping process, the linear entropy is evaluated and the effect of parameter m concerning the multiphoton transitions on these quantities is investigated, numerically. It is observed that, by increasing the number of photons in the transition process, one may obtain considerable improvement in the relevant quantities of the entanglement swapping. In detail, the satisfactorily acceptable values 1 and 0.5 corresponding to success probability and fidelity are obtained for most of the times during observing of the above-mentioned procedure. We concluded that the presented formalism in this paper is much more advantageous than our presentation model in our earlier work mentioned above.

78 FR 33605 - Process for a Designated Contract Market or Swap Execution Facility To Make a Swap Available to...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-04

... 37.10(c) and 38.12(c)--Applicability D. Sections 37.10(d) and 38.12(d)--Removal E. Annual Review F... 17 CFR 40.5(e), 40.6(c)(3). Upon the Commission approving a SEF's or DCM's available-to-trade... adequate pricing data'' of a subject swap. \\18\\ WMBAA Comment Letter at 2; MarketAxess Comment Letter at 9...

17 CFR 37.203 - Rule enforcement program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... shall establish and enforce trading, trade processing, and participation rules that will deter abuses... practices prohibited. A swap execution facility shall prohibit abusive trading practices on its markets by members and market participants. Swap execution facilities that permit intermediation shall prohibit...

Quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping of electron spins in superconducting hybrid structures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bubanja, Vladimir, E-mail: vladimir.bubanja@callaghaninnovation.govt.nz

2015-06-15

We present schemes for quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping of electronic spin states in hybrid superconductor–normal-metal systems. The proposed schemes employ subgap transport whereby the lowest order processes involve Cooper pair-electron and double Cooper-pair cotunneling in quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping protocols, respectively. The competition between elastic cotunneling and Cooper-pair splitting results in the success probability of 25% in both cases. Described implementations of these protocols are within reach of present-day experimental techniques.

17 CFR 37.406 - Trade reconstruction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Trade reconstruction. 37.406 Section 37.406 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP EXECUTION FACILITIES Monitoring of Trading and Trade Processing § 37.406 Trade reconstruction. The swap execution...

Acquiring skill at medical image inspection: learning localized in early visual processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sowden, Paul T.; Davies, Ian R. L.; Roling, Penny; Watt, Simon J.

1997-04-01

Acquisition of the skill of medical image inspection could be due to changes in visual search processes, 'low-level' sensory learning, and higher level 'conceptual learning.' Here, we report two studies that investigate the extent to which learning in medical image inspection involves low- level learning. Early in the visual processing pathway cells are selective for direction of luminance contrast. We exploit this in the present studies by using transfer across direction of contrast as a 'marker' to indicate the level of processing at which learning occurs. In both studies twelve observers trained for four days at detecting features in x- ray images (experiment one equals discs in the Nijmegen phantom, experiment two equals micro-calcification clusters in digitized mammograms). Half the observers examined negative luminance contrast versions of the images and the remainder examined positive contrast versions. On the fifth day, observers swapped to inspect their respective opposite contrast images. In both experiments leaning occurred across sessions. In experiment one, learning did not transfer across direction of luminance contrast, while in experiment two there was only partial transfer. These findings are consistent with the contention that some of the leaning was localized early in the visual processing pathway. The implications of these results for current medical image inspection training schedules are discussed.

Segmentation of photospheric magnetic elements corresponding to coronal features to understand the EUV and UV irradiance variability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zender, J. J.; Kariyappa, R.; Giono, G.; Bergmann, M.; Delouille, V.; Damé, L.; Hochedez, J.-F.; Kumara, S. T.

2017-09-01

Context. The magnetic field plays a dominant role in the solar irradiance variability. Determining the contribution of various magnetic features to this variability is important in the context of heliospheric studies and Sun-Earth connection. Aims: We studied the solar irradiance variability and its association with the underlying magnetic field for a period of five years (January 2011-January 2016). We used observations from the Large Yield Radiometer (LYRA), the Sun Watcher with Active Pixel System detector and Image Processing (SWAP) on board PROBA2, the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Methods: The Spatial Possibilistic Clustering Algorithm (SPoCA) is applied to the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations obtained from the AIA to segregate coronal features by creating segmentation maps of active regions (ARs), coronal holes (CHs) and the quiet sun (QS). Further, these maps are applied to the full-disk SWAP intensity images and the full-disk (FD) HMI line-of-sight (LOS) magnetograms to isolate the SWAP coronal features and photospheric magnetic counterparts, respectively. We then computed full-disk and feature-wise averages of EUV intensity and line of sight (LOS) magnetic flux density over ARs/CHs/QS/FD. The variability in these quantities is compared with that of LYRA irradiance values. Results: Variations in the quantities resulting from the segmentation, namely the integrated intensity and the total magnetic flux density of ARs/CHs/QS/FD regions, are compared with the LYRA irradiance variations. We find that the EUV intensity over ARs/CHs/QS/FD is well correlated with the underlying magnetic field. In addition, variations in the full-disk integrated intensity and magnetic flux density values are correlated with the LYRA irradiance variations. Conclusions: Using the segmented coronal features observed in the EUV wavelengths as proxies to isolate the underlying magnetic structures is demonstrated in this study. Sophisticated feature identification and segmentation tools are important in providing more insights into the role of various magnetic features in both the short- and long-term changes in the solar irradiance. The movie associated to Fig. 2 is available at http://www.aanda.org

17 CFR 240.3a68-2 - Requests for interpretation of swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps. 240.3a68-2 Section 240.3a68-2 Commodity and Securities..., Security-Based Swap, and Security-Based Swap Agreement; Mixed Swaps; Security-Based Swap Agreement Recordkeeping § 240.3a68-2 Requests for interpretation of swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps. (a) In...

17 CFR 240.3a68-2 - Requests for interpretation of swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps. 240.3a68-2 Section 240.3a68-2 Commodity and Securities..., Security-Based Swap, and Security-Based Swap Agreement; Mixed Swaps; Security-Based Swap Agreement Recordkeeping § 240.3a68-2 Requests for interpretation of swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps. (a) In...

How does the brain rapidly learn and reorganize view-invariant and position-invariant object representations in the inferotemporal cortex?

PubMed

Cao, Yongqiang; Grossberg, Stephen; Markowitz, Jeffrey

2011-12-01

All primates depend for their survival on being able to rapidly learn about and recognize objects. Objects may be visually detected at multiple positions, sizes, and viewpoints. How does the brain rapidly learn and recognize objects while scanning a scene with eye movements, without causing a combinatorial explosion in the number of cells that are needed? How does the brain avoid the problem of erroneously classifying parts of different objects together at the same or different positions in a visual scene? In monkeys and humans, a key area for such invariant object category learning and recognition is the inferotemporal cortex (IT). A neural model is proposed to explain how spatial and object attention coordinate the ability of IT to learn invariant category representations of objects that are seen at multiple positions, sizes, and viewpoints. The model clarifies how interactions within a hierarchy of processing stages in the visual brain accomplish this. These stages include the retina, lateral geniculate nucleus, and cortical areas V1, V2, V4, and IT in the brain's What cortical stream, as they interact with spatial attention processes within the parietal cortex of the Where cortical stream. The model builds upon the ARTSCAN model, which proposed how view-invariant object representations are generated. The positional ARTSCAN (pARTSCAN) model proposes how the following additional processes in the What cortical processing stream also enable position-invariant object representations to be learned: IT cells with persistent activity, and a combination of normalizing object category competition and a view-to-object learning law which together ensure that unambiguous views have a larger effect on object recognition than ambiguous views. The model explains how such invariant learning can be fooled when monkeys, or other primates, are presented with an object that is swapped with another object during eye movements to foveate the original object. The swapping procedure is predicted to prevent the reset of spatial attention, which would otherwise keep the representations of multiple objects from being combined by learning. Li and DiCarlo (2008) have presented neurophysiological data from monkeys showing how unsupervised natural experience in a target swapping experiment can rapidly alter object representations in IT. The model quantitatively simulates the swapping data by showing how the swapping procedure fools the spatial attention mechanism. More generally, the model provides a unifying framework, and testable predictions in both monkeys and humans, for understanding object learning data using neurophysiological methods in monkeys, and spatial attention, episodic learning, and memory retrieval data using functional imaging methods in humans. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

75 FR 67277 - Process for Review of Swaps for Mandatory Clearing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-02

... enacted to reduce risk, increase transparency, and promote market integrity within the financial system by... ability to manage the risks associated with clearing the swap, especially if the Commission determines... relating to product specifications; participant eligibility standards; pricing sources, models, and...

Why phase errors affect the electron function more than amplitude errors.

PubMed

Lattman, Eaton; DeRosier, David

2008-03-01

If Fexp(ialpha) are the set of structure factors for a structure f, the amplitudes can be converted to those of an uncorrelated structure g (amplitude swapping) by multiplying each F by the positive number G/F. Correspondingly, the image f is convoluted with k, the Fourier transform of G/F; k has a large peak at the origin, so that f * k approximately f. For swapped phases, the image f is convoluted with l, the Fourier transform of exp(iDeltaalpha), where Deltaalpha, the phase difference between F and G, is a random variable; l does not have a large peak at the origin, so that f * l does not resemble f. The paper provides quantitative descriptions of these arguments.

STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF THE 2012 NOVEMBER 13/14 ECLIPSE WHITE-LIGHT CORONA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pasachoff, J. M.; Rušin, V.; Saniga, M.

2015-02-20

Continuing our series of observations of coronal motion and dynamics over the solar-activity cycle, we observed from sites in Queensland, Australia, during the 2012 November 13 (UT)/14 (local time) total solar eclipse. The corona took the low-ellipticity shape typical of solar maximum (flattening index ε = 0.01), a change from the composite coronal images we observed and analyzed in this journal and elsewhere for the 2006 and 2008-2010 eclipses. After crossing the northeast Australian coast, the path of totality was over the ocean, so further totality was seen only by shipborne observers. Our results include velocities of a coronal massmore » ejection (CME; during the 36 minutes of passage from the Queensland coast to a ship north of New Zealand, we measured 413 km s{sup –1}) and we analyze its dynamics. We discuss the shapes and positions of several types of coronal features seen on our higher-resolution composite Queensland coronal images, including many helmet streamers, very faint bright and dark loops at the bases of helmet streamers, voids, and radially oriented thin streamers. We compare our eclipse observations with models of the magnetic field, confirming the validity of the predictions, and relate the eclipse phenomenology seen with the near-simultaneous images from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/AIA), NASA's Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory, ESA/Royal Observatory of Belgium's Sun Watcher with Active Pixels and Image Processing (SWAP) on PROBA2, and Naval Research Laboratory's Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph Experiment on ESA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory. For example, the southeastern CME is related to the solar flare whose origin we trace with a SWAP series of images.« less

Coronal Dynamics at Recent Total Solar Eclipses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pasachoff, J. M.; Lu, M.; Davis, A. B.; Demianski, M.; Rusin, V.; Saniga, M.; Seaton, D. B.; Lucas, R.; Babcock, B. A.; Dantowitz, R.; Gaintatzis, P.; Seeger, C. H.; Malamut, C.; Steele, A.

2014-12-01

Our composite images of the solar corona based on extensive imaging at the total solar eclipses of 2010 (Easter Island), 2012 (Australia), and 2013 (Gabon) reveal several coronal mass ejections and other changes in coronal streamers and in polar plumes. Our resultant spatial resolution is finer than that available in imaging from spacecraft, including that from SOHO/LASCO or STEREO. We trace the eruptions back to their footpoints on the sun using imaging from SDO and SWAP, and follow them upwards through the corona, measuring velocities. The high-resolution computer compositing by Miloslav Druckmüller and Hana Druckmüllerová (2010 and 2013) and Pavlos Gaintatzis (2012) allows comparison of our images with those taken at intervals of minutes or hours along the totality path. Williams College's 2013 eclipse expedition was supported in part by grant 9327-13 from National Geographic Society/Committee for Research and Exploration. Our work on the 2012 eclipse is supported in part by grant AGS-1047726 from Solar Terrestrial Research/NSF AGS. V.R. and M.S. were partially supported by the VEGA grant agency project 2/0098/10 and 2/0003/13 (Slovak Academy of Sciences) and Grant 0139-12 from NG/CRE, and Hana Druckmüllerová by grant 205/09/1469 of the Czech Science Foundation. M.L. was supported by Sigma Xi. C.M. was a Keck Northeast Astronomy Consortium Summer Fellow, supported at Williams College by REU/NSF grant AST-1005024. Partial support was provided by U.S. Department of Defense's ASSURE program. J.M.P. thanks Caltech's Planetary Sciences Department for hospitality. Support for D.B.S. and SWAP came from PRODEX grant C90345 managed by ESA in collaboration with the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) in support of the PROBA2/SWAP mission, and from the EC's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant 218816 (SOTERIA project, www.soteria-space.eu). SWAP is a project of the Centre Spatial de Liège and the Royal Observatory of Belgium funded by BELSPO.

Low-SWAP Lidar Instrument for Arctic Ice Sheet Mass Balance Monitoring Final Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Williams, George; Barsic, David

To meet the need to obtain statistically significant data in the North Slope of Alaska (NSA) in support of climate models, Voxtel is developing an nmanned-aircraft-system (UAS)-optimized lidar focal plane array (FPA) and lidar instrument design that integrates the most recent developments in optics, electronics, and computing. Bound by the size, weight, and power (SWAP) budget of low altitude/long endurance (LALE) small UAS (SUAS) platforms—a design tradeoff study was conducted. The class of SUAS considered typically: operates at altitudes between 150 meters and 2,000 meters; accommodates payloads weighing less than 5 kg; encompasses no more than 4,000 cm3 of space;more » and consumes no more than 50 watts of power. To address the SWAP constraints, a lowpower standalone strap-down (gimbal-less) lidar was developed based on single-photon-counting silicon avalanche photodiodes. To reduce SWAP, a lidar FPA design capable of simultaneous imaging and lidar was developed. The 532-nm-optimized FPA modular design was developed for easy integration, as a lidar payload, in any of a variety of SUAS platforms.« less

76 FR 58186 - Swap Transaction Compliance and Implementation Schedule: Clearing and Trade Execution...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-20

...(h) of the CEA, by any of the following methods: Agency Web site, via its Comments Online process at... promote market integrity within the financial system by, among other things: (1) Providing for the... existing and potential market infrastructures, including clearinghouses, trading platforms, and swap data...

76 FR 49291 - Agricultural Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-10

...) Pursuant to Section 4(c) of the Commodity Exchange Act, Permitting the Kansas City Board of Trade Clearing Corporation To Clear Over-the-Counter Wheat Calendar Swaps and (2) Pursuant to Section 4d of the Commodity... businesses that produce, process, and merchandize energy commodities at retail and wholesale levels; National...

17 CFR 37.405 - Risk controls for trading.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Risk controls for trading. 37.405 Section 37.405 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP EXECUTION FACILITIES Monitoring of Trading and Trade Processing § 37.405 Risk controls for trading. The swap...

Two-Hierarchy Entanglement Swapping for a Linear Optical Quantum Repeater

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Ping; Yong, Hai-Lin; Chen, Luo-Kan; Liu, Chang; Xiang, Tong; Yao, Xing-Can; Lu, He; Li, Zheng-Da; Liu, Nai-Le; Li, Li; Yang, Tao; Peng, Cheng-Zhi; Zhao, Bo; Chen, Yu-Ao; Pan, Jian-Wei

2017-10-01

Quantum repeaters play a significant role in achieving long-distance quantum communication. In the past decades, tremendous effort has been devoted towards constructing a quantum repeater. As one of the crucial elements, entanglement has been created in different memory systems via entanglement swapping. The realization of j -hierarchy entanglement swapping, i.e., connecting quantum memory and further extending the communication distance, is important for implementing a practical quantum repeater. Here, we report the first demonstration of a fault-tolerant two-hierarchy entanglement swapping with linear optics using parametric down-conversion sources. In the experiment, the dominant or most probable noise terms in the one-hierarchy entanglement swapping, which is on the same order of magnitude as the desired state and prevents further entanglement connections, are automatically washed out by a proper design of the detection setting, and the communication distance can be extended. Given suitable quantum memory, our techniques can be directly applied to implementing an atomic ensemble based quantum repeater, and are of significant importance in the scalable quantum information processing.

Two-Hierarchy Entanglement Swapping for a Linear Optical Quantum Repeater.

PubMed

Xu, Ping; Yong, Hai-Lin; Chen, Luo-Kan; Liu, Chang; Xiang, Tong; Yao, Xing-Can; Lu, He; Li, Zheng-Da; Liu, Nai-Le; Li, Li; Yang, Tao; Peng, Cheng-Zhi; Zhao, Bo; Chen, Yu-Ao; Pan, Jian-Wei

2017-10-27

Quantum repeaters play a significant role in achieving long-distance quantum communication. In the past decades, tremendous effort has been devoted towards constructing a quantum repeater. As one of the crucial elements, entanglement has been created in different memory systems via entanglement swapping. The realization of j-hierarchy entanglement swapping, i.e., connecting quantum memory and further extending the communication distance, is important for implementing a practical quantum repeater. Here, we report the first demonstration of a fault-tolerant two-hierarchy entanglement swapping with linear optics using parametric down-conversion sources. In the experiment, the dominant or most probable noise terms in the one-hierarchy entanglement swapping, which is on the same order of magnitude as the desired state and prevents further entanglement connections, are automatically washed out by a proper design of the detection setting, and the communication distance can be extended. Given suitable quantum memory, our techniques can be directly applied to implementing an atomic ensemble based quantum repeater, and are of significant importance in the scalable quantum information processing.

A Large Deviations Analysis of Certain Qualitative Properties of Parallel Tempering and Infinite Swapping Algorithms

DOE PAGES

Doll, J.; Dupuis, P.; Nyquist, P.

2017-02-08

Parallel tempering, or replica exchange, is a popular method for simulating complex systems. The idea is to run parallel simulations at different temperatures, and at a given swap rate exchange configurations between the parallel simulations. From the perspective of large deviations it is optimal to let the swap rate tend to infinity and it is possible to construct a corresponding simulation scheme, known as infinite swapping. In this paper we propose a novel use of large deviations for empirical measures for a more detailed analysis of the infinite swapping limit in the setting of continuous time jump Markov processes. Usingmore » the large deviations rate function and associated stochastic control problems we consider a diagnostic based on temperature assignments, which can be easily computed during a simulation. We show that the convergence of this diagnostic to its a priori known limit is a necessary condition for the convergence of infinite swapping. The rate function is also used to investigate the impact of asymmetries in the underlying potential landscape, and where in the state space poor sampling is most likely to occur.« less

17 CFR 1.8 - Requests for interpretation of swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps. 1.8 Section 1.8 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Requests for interpretation of swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps. (a) In general. Any person may... Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; or (3) A mixed swap, as that term is...

17 CFR 1.8 - Requests for interpretation of swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps. 1.8 Section 1.8 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Requests for interpretation of swaps, security-based swaps, and mixed swaps. (a) In general. Any person may... Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; or (3) A mixed swap, as that term is...

Structure of Pseudoknot PK26 Shows 3D Domain Swapping in an RNA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lietzke, Susan E; Barnes, Cindy L.

1998-01-01

3D domain swapping provides a facile pathway for the evolution of oligomeric proteins and allosteric mechanisms and a means for using monomer-oligomer equilibria to regulate biological activity. The term "3D domain swapping" describes the exchange of identical domains between two protein monomers to create an oligomer. 3D domain swapping has, so far, only been recognized in proteins. In this study, the structure of the pseudoknot PK26 is reported and it is a clear example of 3D domain swapping in RNA. PK26 was chosen for study because RNA pseudoknots are required structures in several biological processes and they arise frequently in in vitro selection experiments directed against protein targets. PK26 specifically inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with nanomolar affinity. We have now determined the 3.1 A resolution crystal structure of PK26 and find that it forms a 3D domain swapped dimer. PK26 shows extensive base pairing between and within strands. Formation of the dimer requires the linker region between the pseudoknot folds to adopt a unique conformation that allows a base within a helical stem to skip one base in the stacking register. Rearrangement of the linker would permit a monomeric pseudoknot to form. This structure shows how RNA can use 3D domain swapping to build large scale oligomers like the putative hexamer in the packaging RNA of bacteriophage Phi29.

Development of low-SWaP and low-noise InGaAs detectors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fraenkel, R.; Berkowicz, E.; Bikov, L.; Elishkov, R.; Giladi, A.; Hirsh, I.; Ilan, E.; Jakobson, C.; Kondrashov, P.; Louzon, E.; Nevo, I.; Pivnik, I.; Tuito, A.; Vasserman, S.

2017-02-01

In recent years SCD has developed InGaAs/InP technology for Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) imaging. The first product, Cardinal 640, has a 640×512 (VGA) format at 15μm pitch, and more than two thousand units have already been delivered to customers. Recently we have also introduced Cardinal 1280 which is an SXGA array with 10μm pitch aimed for long-range high end platforms [1]. One of the big challenges facing the SWIR technology is its proliferation to widespread low cost and low SWaP applications, specifically Low Light Level (LLL) and Image Intensifier (II) replacements. In order to achieve this goal we have invested and combined efforts in several design and development directions: 1. Optimization of the InGaAs pixel array, reducing the dark current below 2fA at 20° C in order to save TEC cooling power under harsh light and environmental conditions. 2. Design of a new "Low Noise" ROIC targeting 15e noise floor and improved active imaging capabilities 3. Design of compact, low SWaP and low cost packages. In this context we have developed 2 types of packages: a non-hermetic package with thermo-electric cooler (TEC) and a hermetic TEC-Less ceramic package. 4. Development of efficient TEC-Less algorithms for optimal imaging at both day-light and low light level conditions. The result of these combined efforts is a compact low SWaP detector that provides equivalent performance to Gen III image intensifier under starlight conditions. In this paper we will present results from lab and field experiments that will support this claim.

Transfer of entangled state, entanglement swapping and quantum information processing via the Rydberg blockade

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deng, Li; Chen, Ai-Xi; Zhang, Jian-Song

2011-11-01

We provide a scheme with which the transfer of the entangled state and the entanglement swapping can be realized in a system of neutral atoms via the Rydberg blockade. Our idea can be extended to teleport an unknown atomic state. According to the latest theoretical research of the Rydberg excitation and experimental reports of the Rydberg blockade effect in quantum information processing, we discuss the experimental feasibility of our scheme.

Size, weight, and power reduction of mercury cadmium telluride infrared detection modules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Breiter, Rainer; Ihle, Tobias; Wendler, Joachim C.; Lutz, Holger; Rutzinger, Stefan; Schallenberg, Timo; Hofmann, Karl C.; Ziegler, Johann

2011-06-01

Application requirements driving present IR technology development activities are improved capability to detect and identify a threat as well as the need to reduce size weight and power consumption (SWaP) of thermal sights. In addition to the development of 3rd Gen IR modules providing dual-band or dual-color capability, AIM is focused on IR FPAs with reduced pitch and high operating temperature for SWaP reduction. State-of-the-art MCT technology allows AIM the production of mid-wave infrared (MWIR) detectors operating at temperatures exceeding 120 K without any need to sacrifice the 5-μm cut-off wavelength. These FPAs allow manufacturing of low cost IR modules with minimum size, weight, and power for state-of-the-art high performance IR systems. AIM has realized full TV format MCT 640×512 mid-wave and long-wave IR detection modules with a 15-μm pitch to meet the requirements of critical military applications like thermal weapon sights or thermal imagers in unmanned aerial vehicles applications. In typical configurations like an F/4.6 cold shield for the 640×512 MWIR module an noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) <25 mK @ 5 ms integration time is achieved, while the long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) modules achieve an NETD <38 mK @ F/2 and 180 μs integration time. For the LWIR modules, FPAs with a cut-off up to 10 μm have been realized. The modules are available either with different integral rotary cooler configurations for portable applications that require minimum cooling power or a new split linear cooler providing long lifetime with a mean time to failure (MTTF) > 20000, e.g., for warning sensors in 24/7 operation. The modules are available with optional image processing electronics providing nonuniformity correction and further image processing for a complete IR imaging solution. The latest results and performance of those modules and their applications are presented.

75 FR 55575 - Joint Public Roundtable To Discuss Data for Swaps and Security-Based Swaps, Swap Data...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-13

...; File No. 4-611] Joint Public Roundtable To Discuss Data for Swaps and Security- Based Swaps, Swap Data Repositories, Security-Based Swap Data Repositories, and Real-Time Public Reporting AGENCY: Commodity Futures... public roundtable discussion at which invited participants will discuss data for swaps and security-based...

78 FR 17 - Business Conduct and Documentation Requirements for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-02

... submit your comments using only one method. All comments must be submitted in English, or if not, accompanied by an English translation. Comments will be posted as received to www.cftc.gov . You should submit...-based solution to automate the information-gathering process and provide sharing of submitted data and...

fMRI orientation decoding in V1 does not require global maps or globally coherent orientation stimuli.

PubMed

Alink, Arjen; Krugliak, Alexandra; Walther, Alexander; Kriegeskorte, Nikolaus

2013-01-01

The orientation of a large grating can be decoded from V1 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, even at low resolution (3-mm isotropic voxels). This finding has suggested that columnar-level neuronal information might be accessible to fMRI at 3T. However, orientation decodability might alternatively arise from global orientation-preference maps. Such global maps across V1 could result from bottom-up processing, if the preferences of V1 neurons were biased toward particular orientations (e.g., radial from fixation, or cardinal, i.e., vertical or horizontal). Global maps could also arise from local recurrent or top-down processing, reflecting pre-attentive perceptual grouping, attention spreading, or predictive coding of global form. Here we investigate whether fMRI orientation decoding with 2-mm voxels requires (a) globally coherent orientation stimuli and/or (b) global-scale patterns of V1 activity. We used opposite-orientation gratings (balanced about the cardinal orientations) and spirals (balanced about the radial orientation), along with novel patch-swapped variants of these stimuli. The two stimuli of a patch-swapped pair have opposite orientations everywhere (like their globally coherent parent stimuli). However, the two stimuli appear globally similar, a patchwork of opposite orientations. We find that all stimulus pairs are robustly decodable, demonstrating that fMRI orientation decoding does not require globally coherent orientation stimuli. Furthermore, decoding remained robust after spatial high-pass filtering for all stimuli, showing that fine-grained components of the fMRI patterns reflect visual orientations. Consistent with previous studies, we found evidence for global radial and vertical preference maps in V1. However, these were weak or absent for patch-swapped stimuli, suggesting that global preference maps depend on globally coherent orientations and might arise through recurrent or top-down processes related to the perception of global form.

Central Nervous System Vasculitis

MedlinePlus

... of Vasculitis / Central Nervous System (CNS) Vasculitis Central Nervous System (CNS) Vasculitis Swap out your current Facebook Profile ... Facebook personal page. Replace with this image. Central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis is inflammation of blood vessel walls ...

HALO: a reconfigurable image enhancement and multisensor fusion system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, F.; Hickman, D. L.; Parker, Steve J.

2014-06-01

Contemporary high definition (HD) cameras and affordable infrared (IR) imagers are set to dramatically improve the effectiveness of security, surveillance and military vision systems. However, the quality of imagery is often compromised by camera shake, or poor scene visibility due to inadequate illumination or bad atmospheric conditions. A versatile vision processing system called HALO™ is presented that can address these issues, by providing flexible image processing functionality on a low size, weight and power (SWaP) platform. Example processing functions include video distortion correction, stabilisation, multi-sensor fusion and image contrast enhancement (ICE). The system is based around an all-programmable system-on-a-chip (SoC), which combines the computational power of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with the flexibility of a CPU. The FPGA accelerates computationally intensive real-time processes, whereas the CPU provides management and decision making functions that can automatically reconfigure the platform based on user input and scene content. These capabilities enable a HALO™ equipped reconnaissance or surveillance system to operate in poor visibility, providing potentially critical operational advantages in visually complex and challenging usage scenarios. The choice of an FPGA based SoC is discussed, and the HALO™ architecture and its implementation are described. The capabilities of image distortion correction, stabilisation, fusion and ICE are illustrated using laboratory and trials data.

17 CFR 45.3 - Swap data reporting: creation data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Swap data reporting: creation... (CONTINUED) SWAP DATA RECORDKEEPING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS § 45.3 Swap data reporting: creation data. Registered entities and swap counterparties must report required swap creation data electronically to a swap...

Analytical pricing formulas for hybrid variance swaps with regime-switching

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roslan, Teh Raihana Nazirah; Cao, Jiling; Zhang, Wenjun

2017-11-01

The problem of pricing discretely-sampled variance swaps under stochastic volatility, stochastic interest rate and regime-switching is being considered in this paper. An extension of the Heston stochastic volatility model structure is done by adding the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross (CIR) stochastic interest rate model. In addition, the parameters of the model are permitted to have transitions following a Markov chain process which is continuous and discoverable. This hybrid model can be used to illustrate certain macroeconomic conditions, for example the changing phases of business stages. The outcome of our regime-switching hybrid model is presented in terms of analytical pricing formulas for variance swaps.

The development of real-time stability supports visual working memory performance: Young children's feature binding can be improved through perceptual structure.

PubMed

Simmering, Vanessa R; Wood, Chelsey M

2017-08-01

Working memory is a basic cognitive process that predicts higher-level skills. A central question in theories of working memory development is the generality of the mechanisms proposed to explain improvements in performance. Prior theories have been closely tied to particular tasks and/or age groups, limiting their generalizability. The cognitive dynamics theory of visual working memory development has been proposed to overcome this limitation. From this perspective, developmental improvements arise through the coordination of cognitive processes to meet demands of different behavioral tasks. This notion is described as real-time stability, and can be probed through experiments that assess how changing task demands impact children's performance. The current studies test this account by probing visual working memory for colors and shapes in a change detection task that compares detection of changes to new features versus swaps in color-shape binding. In Experiment 1, 3- to 4-year-old children showed impairments specific to binding swaps, as predicted by decreased real-time stability early in development; 5- to 6-year-old children showed a slight advantage on binding swaps, but 7- to 8-year-old children and adults showed no difference across trial types. Experiment 2 tested the proposed explanation of young children's binding impairment through added perceptual structure, which supported the stability and precision of feature localization in memory-a process key to detecting binding swaps. This additional structure improved young children's binding swap detection, but not new-feature detection or adults' performance. These results provide further evidence for the cognitive dynamics and real-time stability explanation of visual working memory development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

17 CFR 45.10 - Reporting to a single swap data repository.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... the swap data repository to which the first report of required swap creation data is made pursuant to... designated contract market that reports required swap creation data as required by § 45.3 shall report all... of the swap data repository to which required swap creation data is reported by the swap execution...

17 CFR 45.10 - Reporting to a single swap data repository.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

..., which shall be the swap data repository to which the first report of required swap creation data is made... designated contract market that reports required swap creation data as required by § 45.3 shall report all... of the swap data repository to which required swap creation data is reported by the swap execution...

17 CFR 45.10 - Reporting to a single swap data repository.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... the swap data repository to which the first report of required swap creation data is made pursuant to... designated contract market that reports required swap creation data as required by § 45.3 shall report all... of the swap data repository to which required swap creation data is reported by the swap execution...

76 FR 6708 - Orderly Liquidation Termination Provision in Swap Trading Relationship Documentation for Swap...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-08

... standards for swap dealers and major swap participants.'' On January 13, 2011, the Commission voted to issue... regarding internal business conduct standards for swap dealers and major swap participants. Prior notices of... comment on this issue. The Commission believes that the inclusion of this type of provision in the swap...

High-performance electronic image stabilisation for shift and rotation correction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parker, Steve C. J.; Hickman, D. L.; Wu, F.

2014-06-01

A novel low size, weight and power (SWaP) video stabiliser called HALO™ is presented that uses a SoC to combine the high processing bandwidth of an FPGA, with the signal processing flexibility of a CPU. An image based architecture is presented that can adapt the tiling of frames to cope with changing scene dynamics. A real-time implementation is then discussed that can generate several hundred optical flow vectors per video frame, to accurately calculate the unwanted rigid body translation and rotation of camera shake. The performance of the HALO™ stabiliser is comprehensively benchmarked against the respected Deshaker 3.0 off-line stabiliser plugin to VirtualDub. Eight different videos are used for benchmarking, simulating: battlefield, surveillance, security and low-level flight applications in both visible and IR wavebands. The results show that HALO™ rivals the performance of Deshaker within its operating envelope. Furthermore, HALO™ may be easily reconfigured to adapt to changing operating conditions or requirements; and can be used to host other video processing functionality like image distortion correction, fusion and contrast enhancement.

Multiscale implementation of infinite-swap replica exchange molecular dynamics.

PubMed

Yu, Tang-Qing; Lu, Jianfeng; Abrams, Cameron F; Vanden-Eijnden, Eric

2016-10-18

Replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD) is a popular method to accelerate conformational sampling of complex molecular systems. The idea is to run several replicas of the system in parallel at different temperatures that are swapped periodically. These swaps are typically attempted every few MD steps and accepted or rejected according to a Metropolis-Hastings criterion. This guarantees that the joint distribution of the composite system of replicas is the normalized sum of the symmetrized product of the canonical distributions of these replicas at the different temperatures. Here we propose a different implementation of REMD in which (i) the swaps obey a continuous-time Markov jump process implemented via Gillespie's stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA), which also samples exactly the aforementioned joint distribution and has the advantage of being rejection free, and (ii) this REMD-SSA is combined with the heterogeneous multiscale method to accelerate the rate of the swaps and reach the so-called infinite-swap limit that is known to optimize sampling efficiency. The method is easy to implement and can be trivially parallelized. Here we illustrate its accuracy and efficiency on the examples of alanine dipeptide in vacuum and C-terminal β-hairpin of protein G in explicit solvent. In this latter example, our results indicate that the landscape of the protein is a triple funnel with two folded structures and one misfolded structure that are stabilized by H-bonds.

78 FR 21045 - Confirmation, Portfolio Reconciliation, Portfolio Compression, and Swap Trading Relationship...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-09

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 23 RIN 3038-AC96 Confirmation, Portfolio Reconciliation, Portfolio Compression, and Swap Trading Relationship Documentation Requirements for Swap Dealers..., portfolio compression, and swap trading relationship documentation for Swap Dealers and Major Swap...

Analysis of a Failed Eclipse Plasma Ejection Using EUV Observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tavabi, E.; Koutchmy, S.; Bazin, C.

2018-03-01

The photometry of eclipse white-light (W-L) images showing a moving blob is interpreted for the first time together with observations from space with the PRoject for On Board Autonomy (PROBA-2) mission (ESA). An off-limb event seen with great details in W-L was analyzed with the SWAP imager ( Sun Watcher using Active pixel system detector and image Processing) working in the EUV near 174 Å. It is an elongated plasma blob structure of 25 Mm diameter moving above the east limb with coronal loops under. Summed and co-aligned SWAP images are evaluated using a 20-h sequence, in addition to the 11 July, 2010 eclipse W-L images taken from several sites. The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) instrument on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) recorded the event suggesting a magnetic reconnection near a high neutral point; accordingly, we also call it a magnetic plasmoid. The measured proper motion of the blob shows a velocity up to 12 km s^{-1}. Electron densities of the isolated condensation (cloud or blob or plasmoid) are photometrically evaluated. The typical value is 108 cm^{-3} at r=1.7 R_{⊙}, superposed on a background corona of 107 cm^{-3} density. The mass of the cloud near its maximum brightness is found to be 1.6×10^{13} g, which is typically 0.6×10^{-4} of the overall mass of the corona. From the extrapolated magnetic field the cloud evolves inside a rather broad open region but decelerates, after reaching its maximum brightness. The influence of such small events for supplying material to the ubiquitous slow wind is noticed. A precise evaluation of the EUV photometric data, after accurately removing the stray light, suggests an interpretation of the weak 174 Å radiation of the cloud as due to resonance scattering in the Fe IX/X lines.

Swap intensified WDR CMOS module for I2/LWIR fusion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ni, Yang; Noguier, Vincent

2015-05-01

The combination of high resolution visible-near-infrared low light sensor and moderate resolution uncooled thermal sensor provides an efficient way for multi-task night vision. Tremendous progress has been made on uncooled thermal sensors (a-Si, VOx, etc.). It's possible to make a miniature uncooled thermal camera module in a tiny 1cm3 cube with <1W power consumption. For silicon based solid-state low light CCD/CMOS sensors have observed also a constant progress in terms of readout noise, dark current, resolution and frame rate. In contrast to thermal sensing which is intrinsic day&night operational, the silicon based solid-state sensors are not yet capable to do the night vision performance required by defense and critical surveillance applications. Readout noise, dark current are 2 major obstacles. The low dynamic range at high sensitivity mode of silicon sensors is also an important limiting factor, which leads to recognition failure due to local or global saturations & blooming. In this context, the image intensifier based solution is still attractive for the following reasons: 1) high gain and ultra-low dark current; 2) wide dynamic range and 3) ultra-low power consumption. With high electron gain and ultra low dark current of image intensifier, the only requirement on the silicon image pickup device are resolution, dynamic range and power consumption. In this paper, we present a SWAP intensified Wide Dynamic Range CMOS module for night vision applications, especially for I2/LWIR fusion. This module is based on a dedicated CMOS image sensor using solar-cell mode photodiode logarithmic pixel design which covers a huge dynamic range (> 140dB) without saturation and blooming. The ultra-wide dynamic range image from this new generation logarithmic sensor can be used directly without any image processing and provide an instant light accommodation. The complete module is slightly bigger than a simple ANVIS format I2 tube with <500mW power consumption.

17 CFR 23.504 - Swap trading relationship documentation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Swap trading relationship documentation. 23.504 Section 23.504 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Swap Documentation § 23.504 Swap trading relationship...

17 CFR 23.504 - Swap trading relationship documentation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Swap trading relationship documentation. 23.504 Section 23.504 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Swap Documentation § 23.504 Swap trading relationship...

17 CFR 22.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... such a swap) in an account segregated pursuant to section 4d(f) of the Act. Cleared Swaps Customer... derivatives clearing organization. A person shall be a Cleared Swaps Customer only with respect to its Cleared Swaps. Cleared Swaps Customer Account. This term refers to any account for the Cleared Swaps of Cleared...

17 CFR 22.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... such a swap) in an account segregated pursuant to section 4d(f) of the Act. Cleared Swaps Customer... derivatives clearing organization. A person shall be a Cleared Swaps Customer only with respect to its Cleared Swaps. Cleared Swaps Customer Account. This term refers to any account for the Cleared Swaps of Cleared...

17 CFR 22.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... such a swap) in an account segregated pursuant to section 4d(f) of the Act. Cleared Swaps Customer... derivatives clearing organization. A person shall be a Cleared Swaps Customer only with respect to its Cleared Swaps. Cleared Swaps Customer Account. This term refers to any account for the Cleared Swaps of Cleared...

Autonomous target tracking of UAVs based on low-power neural network hardware

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Wei; Jin, Zhanpeng; Thiem, Clare; Wysocki, Bryant; Shen, Dan; Chen, Genshe

2014-05-01

Detecting and identifying targets in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images and videos have been challenging problems due to various types of image distortion. Moreover, the significantly high processing overhead of existing image/video processing techniques and the limited computing resources available on UAVs force most of the processing tasks to be performed by the ground control station (GCS) in an off-line manner. In order to achieve fast and autonomous target identification on UAVs, it is thus imperative to investigate novel processing paradigms that can fulfill the real-time processing requirements, while fitting the size, weight, and power (SWaP) constrained environment. In this paper, we present a new autonomous target identification approach on UAVs, leveraging the emerging neuromorphic hardware which is capable of massively parallel pattern recognition processing and demands only a limited level of power consumption. A proof-of-concept prototype was developed based on a micro-UAV platform (Parrot AR Drone) and the CogniMemTMneural network chip, for processing the video data acquired from a UAV camera on the y. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and potential of incorporating emerging neuromorphic hardware into next-generation UAVs and their superior performance and power advantages towards the real-time, autonomous target tracking.

17 CFR 49.9 - Duties of registered swap data repositories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... privacy of any and all swap data and any other related information that the swap data repository receives... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Duties of registered swap data... (CONTINUED) SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.9 Duties of registered swap data repositories. (a) Duties. To be...

77 FR 35199 - Swap Data Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements: Pre-Enactment and Transition Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-12

...The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (``Commission'' or ``CFTC'') is adopting rules to further implement the Commodity Exchange Act (``CEA'' or ``Act'') with respect to the new statutory framework regarding swap data recordkeeping and reporting established by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (``Dodd-Frank Act''). The Dodd-Frank Act, which amended the CEA, directs that rules adopted by the Commission shall provide for the reporting of data relating to swaps entered into before the date of enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act, the terms of which have not expired as of the date of enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act (``pre-enactment swaps'') and data relating to swaps entered into on or after the date of enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act and prior to the compliance date specified in the Commission's final swap data reporting rules (``transition swaps''). These final rules establish swap data recordkeeping and reporting requirements for pre-enactment swaps and transition swaps.

Searching for a traveling feature in Saturn's rings in Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aye, Klaus-Michael; Rehnberg, Morgan; Brown, Zarah; Esposito, Larry W.

2016-10-01

Introduction: Using Cassini UVIS occultation data, a traveling wave feature has been identified in the Saturn rings that is most likely caused by the radial positions swap of the moons Janus and Epimetheus [1]. The hypothesis is that non-linear interferences between the linear density waves when being relocated by the moon swap create a solitary wave that is traveling outward through the rings. The observations in [1] further lead to the derivation of values for the radial travel speeds of the identified traveling features, from 39.6 km/yr for the Janus 5:4 resonance up to 45.8 for the Janus 4:3 resonance.Previous confirmations in ISS data: Work in [1] also identified the feature in Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) data that was taken around the time of the UVIS occultations where the phenomenon was first discovered, so far one ISS image for each Janus resonances 2:1, 4:3, 5:4, and 6:5.Search guided by predicted locations: Using the observation-fitted radial velocities from [1], we can extrapolate these to identify Saturn radii at which the traveling feature should be found at later times. Using this and new image analysis and plotting tools available in [2], we have identified a potential candidate feature in an ISS image that was taken 2.5 years after the feature causing moon swap in January 2006. We intend to expand our search by identifying candidate ISS data by a meta-database search constraining the radius at future times corresponding to the predicted future locations of the hypothesized solitary wave and present our findings at this conference.References: [1] Rehnberg, M.E., Esposito, L.W., Brown, Z.L., Albers, N., Sremčević, M., Stewart, G.R., 2016. A Traveling Feature in Saturn's Rings. Icarus, accepted in June 2016. [2] K.-Michael Aye. (2016). pyciss: v0.5.0. Zenodo. 10.5281/zenodo.53092

Optimal mask characterization by Surrogate Wafer Print (SWaP) method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kimmel, Kurt R.; Hoellein, Ingo; Peters, Jan Hendrick; Ackmann, Paul; Connolly, Brid; West, Craig

2008-10-01

Traditionally, definition of mask specifications is done completely by the mask user, while characterization of the mask relative to the specifications is done completely by the mask maker. As the challenges of low-k1 imaging continue to grow in scope of designs and in absolute complexity, the inevitable partnership between wafer lithographers and mask makers has strengthened as well. This is reflected in the jointly owned mask facilities and device manufacturers' continued maintenance of fully captive mask shops which foster the closer mask-litho relationships. However, while some device manufacturers have leveraged this to optimize mask specifications before the mask is built and, therefore, improve mask yield and cost, the opportunity for post-fabrication partnering on mask characterization is more apparent and compelling. The Advanced Mask Technology Center (AMTC) has been investigating the concept of assessing how a mask images, rather than the mask's physical attributes, as a technically superior and lower-cost method to characterize a mask. The idea of printing a mask under its intended imaging conditions, then characterizing the imaged wafer as a surrogate for traditional mask inspections and measurements represents the ultimate method to characterize a mask's performance, which is most meaningful to the user. Surrogate wafer print (SWaP) is already done as part of leading-edge wafer fab mask qualification to validate defect and dimensional performance. In the past, the prospect of executing this concept has generally been summarily discarded as technically untenable and logistically intractable. The AMTC published a paper at BACUS 2007 successfully demonstrating the performance of SWaP for the characterization of defects as an alternative to traditional mask inspection [1]. It showed that this concept is not only feasible, but, in some cases, desirable. This paper expands on last year's work at AMTC to assess the full implementation of SWaP as an enhancement to mask characterization quality including defectivity, dimensional control, pattern fidelity, and in-plane distortion. We present a thorough analysis of both the technical and logistical challenges coupled with an objective view of the advantages and disadvantages from both the technical and financial perspectives. The analysis and model used by the AMTC will serve to provoke other mask shops to prepare their own analyses then consider this new paradigm for mask characterization and qualification.

Offering within-category food swaps to reduce energy density of food purchases: a study using an experimental online supermarket.

PubMed

Forwood, Suzanna E; Ahern, Amy L; Marteau, Theresa M; Jebb, Susan A

2015-06-25

Swaps are often used to encourage healthier food choices, but there is little evidence of their effectiveness. The current study assessed the impact of offering swaps on groceries purchased within a bespoke online supermarket; specifically the objective was to measure the impact on energy density (ED) of food purchases following the offer of lower ED alternatives (a) at point of selection or at checkout, and (b) with or without explicit consent to receive swap prompts. Participants were asked to complete a 12-item shopping task within an online shopping platform, developed for studying food purchasing. 1610 adults were randomly assigned to a no swap control condition or to one of four interventions: consented swaps at selection; consented swaps at checkout; imposed swaps at selection; or imposed swaps at checkout. Each swap presented two lower ED options from the same category as the participant's chosen food. Swap acceptance rate and purchased food ED were the primary outcomes. Of the mean 12.36 (SD 1.26) foods purchased, intervention participants were offered a mean of 4.1 (SD 1.68) swaps, with the potential to reduce the ED of purchased food (effect (95% CI): -83 kJ/100 g (-110 - -56), p = <0.0001). A median of one swap (IQR 0 to 2) was accepted, not significantly reducing the purchased food ED (effect (95% CI): -24 kJ/100 g (4 - -52), p = 0.094). More swaps were accepted when offered at selection than at checkout (OR (95% CI) = 1.224 (1.11 - 1.35), p < 0.0001), but no differences were seen with consent. Purchased food ED was unaffected by point of swap or consent, but reduced with number of swaps accepted (effect per swap (95% CI) = -24 kJ/100 g (-35 - -14), p < 0.0001). Within category swaps did not reduce the ED of food purchases reflecting the observation that the use of swaps within an on-line shopping platform offered small potential gains in ED and a minority was accepted.

17 CFR 240.3a68-4 - Regulation of mixed swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Regulation of mixed swaps. 240... Agreement; Mixed Swaps; Security-Based Swap Agreement Recordkeeping § 240.3a68-4 Regulation of mixed swaps. (a) In general. The term mixed swap has the meaning set forth in section 3(a)(68)(D) of the Act (15 U...

Low-SWaP coincidence processing for Geiger-mode LIDAR video

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schultz, Steven E.; Cervino, Noel P.; Kurtz, Zachary D.; Brown, Myron Z.

2015-05-01

Photon-counting Geiger-mode lidar detector arrays provide a promising approach for producing three-dimensional (3D) video at full motion video (FMV) data rates, resolution, and image size from long ranges. However, coincidence processing required to filter raw photon counts is computationally expensive, generally requiring significant size, weight, and power (SWaP) and also time. In this paper, we describe a laboratory test-bed developed to assess the feasibility of low-SWaP, real-time processing for 3D FMV based on Geiger-mode lidar. First, we examine a design based on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) and demonstrate proof-of-concept results. Then we examine a design based on a first-of-its-kind embedded graphical processing unit (GPU) and compare performance with the FPGA. Results indicate feasibility of real-time Geiger-mode lidar processing for 3D FMV and also suggest utility for real-time onboard processing for mapping lidar systems.

Spin Hall and Spin Swapping Torques in Diffusive Ferromagnets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pauyac, Christian Ortiz; Chshiev, Mairbek; Manchon, Aurelien; Nikolaev, Sergey A.

2018-04-01

A complete set of the generalized drift-diffusion equations for a coupled charge and spin dynamics in ferromagnets in the presence of extrinsic spin-orbit coupling is derived from the quantum kinetic approach, covering major transport phenomena, such as the spin and anomalous Hall effects, spin swapping, spin precession, and relaxation processes. We argue that the spin swapping effect in ferromagnets is enhanced due to spin polarization, while the overall spin texture induced by the interplay of spin-orbital and spin precession effects displays a complex spatial dependence that can be exploited to generate torques and nucleate or propagate domain walls in centrosymmetric geometries without the use of external polarizers, as opposed to the conventional understanding of spin-orbit mediated torques.

The relationship between debt-for-nature swaps and protected area tourism: a plausible strategy for developing countries

Treesearch

Brijesh Thapa

2000-01-01

There is a positive correlation between the debt crisis of countries. To combat the crisis, Lovejoy (1984) introduced the debt-for-nature swap process that involves a mechanism of exchange in which a certain amount of the debtor’s foreign debt is cancelled or forgiven, in return for local currency from the debtor government to be invested in domestic environmental...

Maintenance of the secondary structure of horse cytochrome c during the conversion process of monomers to oligomers by addition of ethanol.

PubMed

Hirota, Shun; Ueda, Mariko; Hayashi, Yugo; Nagao, Satoshi; Kamikubo, Hironari; Kataoka, Mikio

2012-12-01

We have previously shown that polymerization of cytochrome c (cyt c) occurs by successively domain swapping its C-terminal α-helix in the presence of ethanol. However, the factors that govern the conversion process of monomers to domain-swapped oligomers remain unknown. We found that oligomeric cyt c is produced in the presence of ethanol and the oligomers precipitate due to low solubility. The optical absorption spectra revealed that in the presence of 30-40% ethanol, the Met-heme coordination in cyt c is dissociated. However, according to circular dichroism and small-angle X-ray scattering measurements, the α-helical structure of cyt c is maintained in solution with a little perturbation and the radius of gyration increases slightly but without dissociation of the C-terminal α-helix from the rest of the protein by the addition of ethanol. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra showed that oligomeric cyt c in the precipitate also retains most of its α-helical structure. In the transmission electron microscopic image of the precipitate obtained by the addition of ethanol to cyt c, spherical particles with diameters of about 3 nm were detected. These results indicate that oligomeric cyt c forms through a state with the Met80 region locally unfolded, while maintaining the secondary structure, possibly an open monomer.

77 FR 50425 - Clearing Exemption for Swaps Between Certain Affiliated Entities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-21

... other categories of entities or corporate groups, such as non-swap dealers and non-major swap... exempt swaps between certain affiliated entities within a corporate group from the clearing requirement... meets the financial conditions associated with entering into non-cleared swaps. The Commission issued...

17 CFR 23.602 - Diligent supervision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Diligent supervision. 23.602... MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Duties of Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants § 23.602 Diligent supervision. (a) Supervision. Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall establish and maintain a system to...

17 CFR 23.602 - Diligent supervision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Diligent supervision. 23.602... MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Duties of Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants § 23.602 Diligent supervision. (a) Supervision. Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall establish and maintain a system to...

Left-right compatibility in the processing of trading verbs.

PubMed

Vicario, Carmelo M; Rumiati, Raffaella I

2014-01-01

The research investigating the nature of cognitive processes involved in the representation of economical outcomes is growing. Within this research, the mental accounting model proposes that individuals may well use cognitive operations to organize, evaluate, and keep track of their financial activities (Thaler, 1999). Here we wanted to test this hypothesis by asking to a group of participants to detect a syntax mistake of verbs indicating incoming and going out activities related to economical profit (trading verbs), swapping (swapping verbs) and thinking (thinking verbs). We reported a left-right compatibility for trading verbs (i.e., participants were faster with their right hand while detecting verb referring to a monetary gain with respect to a monetary loss; and faster with their left hand while detecting a monetary loss with respect to a monetary gain). However, this pattern of result was not reported while detecting swapping verbs. Results are discussed taking into account the mental accounting theory as well as to the spatial mapping of valence hypothesis.

17 CFR 49.19 - Core principles applicable to registered swap data repositories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... registered swap data repositories. 49.19 Section 49.19 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.19 Core principles applicable to registered swap data repositories. (a) Compliance with core principles. To be registered, and maintain registration, a swap data...

17 CFR 49.19 - Core principles applicable to registered swap data repositories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... registered swap data repositories. 49.19 Section 49.19 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.19 Core principles applicable to registered swap data repositories. (a) Compliance with Core Principles. To be registered, and maintain registration, a swap data...

17 CFR 49.12 - Swap data repository recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Swap data repository... COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.12 Swap data repository recordkeeping requirements. (a) A registered swap data repository shall maintain its books and records in accordance with the requirements of part...

17 CFR 49.12 - Swap data repository recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Swap data repository... COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.12 Swap data repository recordkeeping requirements. (a) A registered swap data repository shall maintain its books and records in accordance with the requirements of part...

17 CFR 49.12 - Swap data repository recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Swap data repository... COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.12 Swap data repository recordkeeping requirements. (a) A registered swap data repository shall maintain its books and records in accordance with the requirements of...

17 CFR 45.5 - Unique swap identifiers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... transmit a unique swap identifier as provided in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Creation... prior to the reporting of required swap creation data. The unique swap identifier shall consist of a... execution facility or designated contract market with respect to unique swap identifier creation; and (ii...

17 CFR 45.5 - Unique swap identifiers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... transmit a unique swap identifier as provided in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Creation... prior to the reporting of required swap creation data. The unique swap identifier shall consist of a... execution facility or designated contract market with respect to unique swap identifier creation; and (ii...

17 CFR 45.5 - Unique swap identifiers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... transmit a unique swap identifier as provided in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Creation... prior to the reporting of required swap creation data. The unique swap identifier shall consist of a... execution facility or designated contract market with respect to unique swap identifier creation; and (ii...

17 CFR 37.403 - Additional requirements for cash-settled swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... requirements for cash-settled swaps. (a) For cash-settled swaps, the swap execution facility shall demonstrate that it monitors the pricing of the reference price used to determine cash flows or settlement; (b) For... cash-settled swaps. 37.403 Section 37.403 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING...

75 FR 64643 - Reporting of Security-Based Swap Transaction Data

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-20

... information relating to pre-enactment security-based swaps to a registered security-based swap data repository... within 60 days after a registered security- based swap data repository commences operations to receive... repository,\\8\\ and security- based swap execution facility.\\9\\ The Commission has issued an advance notice of...

17 CFR 45.4 - Swap data reporting: continuation data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... swap data repository as set forth in this section. This obligation commences on the applicable... swap data set forth in part 43 of this chapter; and, where applicable, swap dealers, major swap... traders set forth in parts 17 and 18 of this chapter. (a) Continuation data reporting method. For each...

17 CFR 45.4 - Swap data reporting: continuation data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... swap data repository as set forth in this section. This obligation commences on the applicable... swap data set forth in part 43 of this chapter; and, where applicable, swap dealers, major swap... traders set forth in parts 17 and 18 of this chapter. (a) Continuation data reporting method. For each...

17 CFR 45.4 - Swap data reporting: continuation data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... swap data repository as set forth in this section. This obligation commences on the applicable... swap data set forth in part 43 of this chapter; and, where applicable, swap dealers, major swap... traders set forth in parts 17 and 18 of this chapter. (a) Continuation data reporting method. For each...

Exploring the Roles of Proline in Three-Dimensional Domain Swapping from Structure Analysis and Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

PubMed

Huang, Yongqi; Gao, Meng; Su, Zhengding

2018-02-01

Three-dimensional (3D) domain swapping is a mechanism to form protein oligomers. It has been proposed that several factors, including proline residues in the hinge region, may affect the occurrence of 3D domain swapping. Although introducing prolines into the hinge region has been found to promote domain swapping for some proteins, the opposite effect has also been observed in several studies. So far, how proline affects 3D domain swapping remains elusive. In this work, based on a large set of 3D domain-swapped structures, we performed a systematic analysis to explore the correlation between the presence of proline in the hinge region and the occurrence of 3D domain swapping. We further analyzed the conformations of proline and pre-proline residues to investigate the roles of proline in 3D domain swapping. We found that more than 40% of the domain-swapped structures contained proline residues in the hinge region. Unexpectedly, conformational transitions of proline residues were rarely observed upon domain swapping. Our analyses showed that hinge regions containing proline residues preferred more extended conformations, which may be beneficial for the occurrence of domain swapping by facilitating opening of the exchanged segments.

NMR Studies on Structure and Dynamics of the Monomeric Derivative of BS-RNase: New Insights for 3D Domain Swapping

PubMed Central

Spadaccini, Roberta; Ercole, Carmine; Gentile, Maria A.; Sanfelice, Domenico; Boelens, Rolf; Wechselberger, Rainer; Batta, Gyula; Bernini, Andrea; Niccolai, Neri; Picone, Delia

2012-01-01

Three-dimensional domain swapping is a common phenomenon in pancreatic-like ribonucleases. In the aggregated state, these proteins acquire new biological functions, including selective cytotoxicity against tumour cells. RNase A is able to dislocate both N- and C-termini, but usually this process requires denaturing conditions. In contrast, bovine seminal ribonuclease (BS-RNase), which is a homo-dimeric protein sharing 80% of sequence identity with RNase A, occurs natively as a mixture of swapped and unswapped isoforms. The presence of two disulfides bridging the subunits, indeed, ensures a dimeric structure also to the unswapped molecule. In vitro, the two BS-RNase isoforms interconvert under physiological conditions. Since the tendency to swap is often related to the instability of the monomeric proteins, in these paper we have analysed in detail the stability in solution of the monomeric derivative of BS-RNase (mBS) by a combination of NMR studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. The refinement of NMR structure and relaxation data indicate a close similarity with RNase A, without any evidence of aggregation or partial opening. The high compactness of mBS structure is confirmed also by H/D exchange, urea denaturation, and TEMPOL mapping of the protein surface. The present extensive structural and dynamic investigation of (monomeric) mBS did not show any experimental evidence that could explain the known differences in swapping between BS-RNase and RNase A. Hence, we conclude that the swapping in BS-RNase must be influenced by the distinct features of the dimers, suggesting a prominent role for the interchain disulfide bridges. PMID:22253705

77 FR 30595 - Further Definition of “Swap Dealer,” “Security-Based Swap Dealer,” “Major Swap Participant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-23

...In accordance with the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (``Dodd-Frank Act''), the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (``CFTC'') and the Securities and Exchange Commission (``SEC'') (collectively, the ``Commissions''), in consultation with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (``Board''), are adopting new rules and interpretive guidance under the Commodity Exchange Act (``CEA''), and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Exchange Act''), to further define the terms ``swap dealer,'' ``security-based swap dealer,'' ``major swap participant,'' ``major security-based swap participant,'' and ``eligible contract participant.''

Quantum image median filtering in the spatial domain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Panchi; Liu, Xiande; Xiao, Hong

2018-03-01

Spatial filtering is one principal tool used in image processing for a broad spectrum of applications. Median filtering has become a prominent representation of spatial filtering because its performance in noise reduction is excellent. Although filtering of quantum images in the frequency domain has been described in the literature, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between linear spatial filters and filters in the frequency domain, median filtering is a nonlinear process that cannot be achieved in the frequency domain. We therefore investigated the spatial filtering of quantum image, focusing on the design method of the quantum median filter and applications in image de-noising. To this end, first, we presented the quantum circuits for three basic modules (i.e., Cycle Shift, Comparator, and Swap), and then, we design two composite modules (i.e., Sort and Median Calculation). We next constructed a complete quantum circuit that implements the median filtering task and present the results of several simulation experiments on some grayscale images with different noise patterns. Although experimental results show that the proposed scheme has almost the same noise suppression capacity as its classical counterpart, the complexity analysis shows that the proposed scheme can reduce the computational complexity of the classical median filter from the exponential function of image size n to the second-order polynomial function of image size n, so that the classical method can be speeded up.

Folded path LWIR system for SWAP constrained platforms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fleet, Erin F.; Wilson, Michael L.; Linne von Berg, Dale; Giallorenzi, Thomas; Mathieu, Barry

2014-06-01

Folded path reflection and catadioptric optics are of growing interest, especially in the long wave infrared (LWIR), due to continuing demands for reductions in imaging system size, weight and power (SWAP). We present the optical design and laboratory data for a 50 mm focal length low f/# folded-path compact LWIR imaging system. The optical design uses 4 concentric aspheric mirrors, each of which is described by annular aspheric functions well suited to the folded path design space. The 4 mirrors are diamond turned onto two thin air-spaced aluminum plates which can be manually focused onto the uncooled LWIR microbolometer array detector. Stray light analysis will be presented to show how specialized internal baffling can be used to reduce stray light propagation through the folded path optical train. The system achieves near diffraction limited performance across the FOV with a 15 mm long optical train and a 5 mm back focal distance. The completed system is small enough to reside within a 3 inch diameter ball gimbal.

75 FR 63080 - Interim Final Rule for Reporting Pre-Enactment Swap Transactions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-14

... registered swap data repository (``SDR'') \\1\\ or to the Commission by the compliance date to be established... to the terms of such swaps. \\1\\ The term ``swap data repository'' is defined in Section 1a(48) of the... the date of the enactment of this subsection shall be reported to a registered swap data repository or...

Time-ordering dependence of measurements in teleportation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bertlmann, Reinhold A.; Narnhofer, Heide; Thirring, Walter

2013-03-01

We trace back the phenomenon of "delayed-choice entanglement swapping" as it was realized in a recent experiment to the commutativity of the projection operators that are involved in the corresponding measurement process. We also propose an experimental set-up which depends on the order of successive measurements corresponding to noncommutative projection operators. In this case entanglement swapping is used to teleport a quantum state from Alice to Bob, where Bob has now the possibility to examine the noncommutativity within the quantum history.

Simulation of water flow and nitrogen transport for a Bulgarian experimental plot using SWAP and ANIMO models.

PubMed

Marinov, Dimitar; Querner, Erik; Roelsma, Jan

2005-04-01

Unsaturated zone models are useful tools in predicting effects of measures and can be used to optimise agricultural practice aiming to minimise the impact on the environment. However, current soil models have a varying degree of abstraction level referring to simulated processes in time and space. In the framework of an EU funded project the SWAP (Soil-Water-Atmosphere-Plant) and ANIMO (Agricultural-Nutrient-Model) models were tested for an experimental arable plot in Bulgaria. SWAP was used to simulate water flow in the soil while ANIMO describes nitrogen movement and transformations. The objectives of this study are: (i) to show results of the combined application of water and nitrogen dynamics of originally Dutch models SWAP and ANIMO for specific Bulgarian soil and hydrological conditions; (ii) to calibrate and evaluate SWAP and ANIMO models by comparing numerical results with field measurements collected for an arable field in western Bulgaria and (iii) to analyse possible contamination of groundwater due to agricultural practice in the considered region. Further a short description of the experimental plot, as well as information about parameters of the investigated soil profiles, is provided. The obtained SWAP results evidenced that the model gives sufficient adaptation for soil water dynamics. The simulations of ANIMO for nitrogen cycle show greater divergence with observations but are satisfactory precise for the purposes of assessing land use impact on groundwater quality. In general, differences between model results and field measurements do not exceed 10-15%. For the experimental plot predictions indicate nitrate-N concentrations less then 5 mg/l in deeper soil compartments and low downward annual flux containing 0.133 kg N/ha. These results indicate that there is no serious pollution of the shallow groundwater table by nitrogen resulting from land use and agricultural activities.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chang, Yu-Tzu; Shu, Chung-Li; Lai, Jing-Yang

Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) grow slowly after cultivation from animals, however, after an extended period of cultivation, their growth accelerates. We found that SWAP-70 deficient MEFs failed to increase growth rates. They maintain normal growth rates and proliferation cycles for at least 5 years. Complementing SWAP-70 deficiency in one of these MEF clones, MEF1F2, by expressing human SWAP-70 resulted in fast growth of the cells after further cultivation for a long period. The resulting cells show a transformation phenotype, since they grow on top of each other and do not show contact inhibition. This phenotype was reverted when sanguinarine, amore » putative SWAP-70 inhibitor, was added. Two SWAP-70 expressing clones were examined in detail. Even after cell density became very high their cdc2 and NFκB were still activated suggesting that they do not stop growing. One of the clones formed colonies in soft agar and formed tumors in nude mice. Lately, one more clone became transformed being able to make colonies in soft agar. We maintain 4 human SWAP-70 expressing MEF1F2 cell lines. Three out of 4 clones exhibited transforming phenotypes. The mouse SWAP-70 gene also promoted transformation of MEFs. Taken together our data suggest that SWAP-70 is not a typical oncogene, but is required for spontaneous transformation of MEFs. - Highlights: • Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking SWAP-70 do not cause spontaneous transform. • Adding back of SWAP-70 to SWAP-70-deficient MEFs induces spontaneous transformation. • SWAP-70 is required for spontaneous transformation of MEFs.« less

17 CFR 49.10 - Acceptance of data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... technological protocols established by a swap data repository shall provide for the receipt of swap creation data, swap continuation data, real-time public reporting data, and all other data and information... swap data repository shall adopt policies and procedures, including technological protocols, which...

17 CFR 49.26 - Disclosure requirements of swap data repositories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... data repository's policies and procedures reasonably designed to protect the privacy of any and all... swap data repositories. 49.26 Section 49.26 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.26 Disclosure requirements of swap data...

77 FR 48207 - Further Definition of “Swap,” “Security-Based Swap,” and “Security-Based Swap Agreement”; Mixed...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-13

...In accordance with section 712(a)(8), section 712(d)(1), sections 712(d)(2)(B) and (C), sections 721(b) and (c), and section 761(b) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (``Dodd-Frank Act''), the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (``CFTC'') and the Securities and Exchange Commission (``SEC'') (collectively, ``Commissions''), in consultation with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (``Board''), are jointly adopting new rules and interpretations under the Commodity Exchange Act (``CEA'') and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Exchange Act'') to further define the terms ``swap,'' ``security-based swap,'' and ``security-based swap agreement'' (collectively, ``Product Definitions''); regarding ``mixed swaps;'' and governing books and records with respect to ``security-based swap agreements.'' The CFTC requests comment on its interpretation concerning forwards with embedded volumetric optionality, contained in Section II.B.2.(b)(ii) of this release.

75 FR 75207 - Regulation SBSR-Reporting and Dissemination of Security-Based Swap Information

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-02

...In accordance with Section 763 (``Section 763'') and Section 766 (``Section 766'') of Title VII (``Title VII'') of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the ``Dodd-Frank Act''), the Securities and Exchange Commission (``SEC'' or ``Commission'') is proposing Regulation SBSR--Reporting and Dissemination of Security-Based Swap Information (``Regulation SBSR'') under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Exchange Act'').\\1\\ Proposed Regulation SBSR would provide for the reporting of security- based swap information to registered security-based swap data repositories or the Commission and the public dissemination of security-based swap transaction, volume, and pricing information. Registered security-based swap data repositories would be required to establish and maintain certain policies and procedures regarding how transaction data are reported and disseminated, and participants of registered security-based swap data repositories that are security- based swap dealers or major security-based swap participants would be required to establish and maintain policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that they comply with applicable reporting obligations. Finally, proposed Regulation SBSR also would require a registered SDR to register with the Commission as a securities information processor on existing Form SIP. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

17 CFR 49.19 - Core principles applicable to registered swap data repositories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... registered swap data repositories. 49.19 Section 49.19 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.19 Core principles applicable to registered swap data repositories. (a) Compliance with core principles. To be registered, and maintain...

17 CFR 49.27 - Access and fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 49.27 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.27 Access and fees. (a) Fair, open and equal access. (1) A registered swap data repository..., swap dealers, major swap participants and any other counterparties, on a fair, open and equal basis...

17 CFR 49.27 - Access and fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 49.27 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.27 Access and fees. (a) Fair, open and equal access. (1) A registered swap data repository..., swap dealers, major swap participants and any other counterparties, on a fair, open and equal basis...

17 CFR 49.27 - Access and fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 49.27 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.27 Access and fees. (a) Fair, open and equal access. (1) A registered swap data repository..., swap dealers, major swap participants and any other counterparties, on a fair, open and equal basis...

17 CFR 49.26 - Disclosure requirements of swap data repositories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.26 Disclosure requirements of swap data repositories... swap data repository shall furnish to the reporting entity a disclosure document that contains the... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Disclosure requirements of...

17 CFR 49.26 - Disclosure requirements of swap data repositories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.26 Disclosure requirements of swap data repositories... swap data repository shall furnish to the reporting entity a disclosure document that contains the... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Disclosure requirements of...

77 FR 31767 - Aggregation, Position Limits for Futures and Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-30

... physical commodity swaps that are economically equivalent to such contracts. In response to a petition for... on a designated contract market (``DCM''), as well as swaps that are economically equivalent to such... physical commodity swaps that are economically equivalent to such contracts (collectively with Core...

75 FR 76139 - Real-Time Public Reporting of Swap Transaction Data

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-07

... Transaction Data; Proposed Rule #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 75 , No. 234 / Tuesday, December 7, 2010...-Time Public Reporting of Swap Transaction Data AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission. ACTION...-time public reporting of swap transaction and pricing data for all swap transactions. Additionally, the...

17 CFR 49.16 - Privacy and confidentiality requirements of swap data repositories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.16 Privacy and confidentiality... procedures to protect the privacy and confidentiality of any and all SDR Information (except for swap data... of accepting swap data from reporting entities, require the waiver of any privacy rights by such...

17 CFR 49.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.2... indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the swap data repository. (2) Asset... “commercial use” means the use of swap data held and maintained by a registered swap data repository for a...

17 CFR 49.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.2... indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the swap data repository. (2) Asset... “commercial use” means the use of swap data held and maintained by a registered swap data repository for a...

78 FR 20848 - Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants; Clerical or Ministerial Employees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-08

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 23 RIN 3038-AE00 Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants; Clerical or Ministerial Employees AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission. ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission or CFTC) is proposing to amend its...

78 FR 64173 - Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants; Clerical or Ministerial Employees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-28

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 23 RIN 3038-AE00 Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants; Clerical or Ministerial Employees AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Commodity Futures Trading Commission is adopting an amendment to its regulations to...

76 FR 32880 - Further Definition of “Swap,” “Security-Based Swap,” and “Security-Based Swap Agreement”; Mixed...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-07

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 1 RIN 3038-AD46 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE...-Based Swap Agreement Recordkeeping AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission; Securities and Exchange... Futures Trading Commission and the Securities and Exchange Commission published a document in the Federal...

75 FR 71397 - Regulations Establishing and Governing the Duties of Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-23

... risks associated with the use of models to derive market valuations or otherwise calculate or evaluate... swap dealers and major swap participants registered with the Commission with regard to: Risk management...) \\3\\ to establish a comprehensive regulatory framework to reduce risk, increase transparency, and...

17 CFR 45.3 - Swap data reporting: creation data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... to the reporting obligations with respect to real time reporting of swap data set forth in part 43 of... economic terms data for the swap, within the applicable reporting deadline set forth in paragraph (b)(1)(i..., must report all primary economic terms data for the swap, within the applicable reporting deadline set...

17 CFR 45.3 - Swap data reporting: creation data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... to the reporting obligations with respect to real time reporting of swap data set forth in part 43 of... economic terms data for the swap, within the applicable reporting deadline set forth in paragraph (b)(1)(i..., must report all primary economic terms data for the swap, within the applicable reporting deadline set...

76 FR 40223 - Extension of Temporary Exemptions for Eligible Credit Default Swaps To Facilitate Operation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-08

...-fraud provisions, as well as exempt these security-based swaps from Exchange Act registration... interest involving security-based swaps.\\31\\ We have also proposed anti-fraud and anti-manipulation rules... Against Fraud, Manipulation, and Deception in Connection with Security-Based Swaps, Release No. 34-63236...

[The effect of colored syringes and a colored sheet on the incidence of syringe swaps during anesthetic management].

PubMed

Hirabayashi, Yoshihiro; Kawakami, Takayuki; Suzuki, Hideo; Igarashi, Takashi; Saitoh, Kazuhiko; Seo, Norimasa

2005-09-01

Syringe swap is an important problem in anesthetic care, causing harm to patients. We examined the effect of colored syringe and a colored sheet on the incidence of syringe swaps during anesthetic management. We determined the color code. The blue-syringe contains local anesthetics; yellow-syringe, sympathomimetic drugs; and white-syringe with a red label fixed opposite the scale, muscle relaxants. The colored sheet displays the photographs of the syringe with drug name, dose and volume. The colored syringe and colored sheet were supplied for use from February 2004. We compared the incidence of syringe swaps during the period from February 2004 to January 2005 with that from February 2003 to January 2004. Although five syringe swaps were recorded from February 2003 to January 2004, in 5901 procedures, we encountered no syringe swaps from February 2004 to January 2005, in 6078 procedures. The colored syringe and colored sheet significantly decreased the incidence of syringe swaps during anesthetic management (P <0.05). The use of the sheet together with colored syringes can prevent syringe swaps during anesthesia.

Text Processing and Formatting: Composure, Composition and Eros.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blair, John C., Jr.

1984-01-01

Review of computer software offering text editing/processing capabilities highlights work habits, elements of computer style and composition, buffers, the CRT, line- and screen-oriented text editors, video attributes, "swapping,""cache" memory, "disk emulators," text editing versus text processing, and UNIX operating…

The selectable hyperspectral airborne remote sensing kit (SHARK) as an enabler for precision agriculture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holasek, Rick; Nakanishi, Keith; Ziph-Schatzberg, Leah; Santman, Jeff; Woodman, Patrick; Zacaroli, Richard; Wiggins, Richard

2017-04-01

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has been used for over two decades in laboratory research, academic, environmental and defense applications. In more recent time, HSI has started to be adopted for commercial applications in machine vision, conservation, resource exploration, and precision agriculture, to name just a few of the economically viable uses for the technology. Corning Incorporated (Corning) has been developing and manufacturing HSI sensors, sensor systems, and sensor optical engines, as well as HSI sensor components such as gratings and slits for over a decade and a half. This depth of experience and technological breadth has allowed Corning to design and develop unique HSI spectrometers with an unprecedented combination of high performance, low cost and low Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP). These sensors and sensor systems are offered with wavelength coverage ranges from the visible to the Long Wave Infrared (LWIR). The extremely low SWaP of Corning's HSI sensors and sensor systems enables their deployment using limited payload platforms such as small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This paper discusses use of the Corning patented monolithic design Offner spectrometer, the microHSI™, to build a highly compact 400-1000 nm HSI sensor in combination with a small Inertial Navigation System (INS) and micro-computer to make a complete turn-key airborne remote sensing payload. This Selectable Hyperspectral Airborne Remote sensing Kit (SHARK) has industry leading SWaP (1.5 lbs) at a disruptively low price due, in large part, to Corning's ability to manufacture the monolithic spectrometer out of polymers (i.e. plastic) and therefore reduce manufacturing costs considerably. The other factor in lowering costs is Corning's well established in house manufacturing capability in optical components and sensors that further enable cost-effective fabrication. The competitive SWaP and low cost of the microHSI™ sensor is approaching, and in some cases less than the price point of Multi Spectral Imaging (MSI) sensors. Specific designs of the Corning microHSI™ SHARK visNIR turn-key system are presented along with salient performance characteristics. Initial focus market areas include precision agriculture and historic and recent microHSI™ SHARK prototype test results are presented.

77 FR 62273 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; Notice of Filing and Order...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-12

... terms including Cleared Swap, Cleared Swaps Customer, Cleared Swaps Customer Account and Cleared Swaps... segregated (futures) accounts, including CFTC Regulations 1.20, 1.25, 1.27 to 1.30, and 1.49. Derivatives... designed to protect investors. As such, the proposed changes are designed to promote the prompt and...

17 CFR 1.9 - Regulation of mixed swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Regulation of mixed swaps. 1.9... UNDER THE COMMODITY EXCHANGE ACT Definitions § 1.9 Regulation of mixed swaps. (a) In general. The term mixed swap has the meaning set forth in section 1a(47)(D) of the Commodity Exchange Act. (b) Regulation...

17 CFR 1.9 - Regulation of mixed swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Regulation of mixed swaps. 1.9... UNDER THE COMMODITY EXCHANGE ACT Definitions § 1.9 Regulation of mixed swaps. (a) In general. The term mixed swap has the meaning set forth in section 1a(47)(D) of the Commodity Exchange Act. (b) Regulation...

75 FR 78892 - Reporting Certain Post-Enactment Swap Transactions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-17

...)--to a registered swap data repository (``SDR'') or to the Commission. Each category of data is subject... expired by that date. \\5\\ The term ``swap data repository'' is defined in Section 1a(48) of the CEA to... date of the enactment of this subsection shall be reported to a registered swap data repository or the...

76 FR 46668 - Business Conduct Standards for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security-Based Swap...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-03

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 240 [Release No. 34-64766; File No. S7-25-11] RIN 3235-AL10 Business Conduct Standards for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security-Based Swap Participants Correction In proposed rule document number 2011-16758, appearing on pages 42396-42455 in the...

75 FR 71391 - Implementation of Conflicts of Interest Policies and Procedures by Swap Dealers and Major Swap...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-23

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 23 RIN 3038-AC96 Implementation of Conflicts of... regulations establish conflicts of interest requirements for swap dealers (SDs) and major swap participants...-AC96 and SD-MSP Conflicts of Interest, by any of the following methods: Agency Web site, via its...

78 FR 30967 - Cross-Border Security-Based Swap Activities; Re-Proposal of Regulation SBSR and Certain Rules and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-23

... context of the security-based swap dealer definition, for affiliated groups with a registered security... for Affiliated Groups with Registered Security-Based Swap Dealers); Rule 3a71-5 (Substituted... 13n-12 (Exemption from Requirements Governing Security-Based Swap Data Repositories for Certain Non-U...

77 FR 53870 - Availability of a Legal Entity Identifier Meeting the Requirements of the Regulations of the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-04

... in automated system preparation and testing in preparation for swap data reporting beginning on the... Legal Entity Identifiers To Be Used in the Recordkeeping and Swap Data Reporting AGENCY: Commodity...) which will be used by registered entities and swap counterparties in complying with the CFTC's swap data...

Combining functional and structural tests improves the diagnostic accuracy of relevance vector machine classifiers

PubMed Central

Racette, Lyne; Chiou, Christine Y.; Hao, Jiucang; Bowd, Christopher; Goldbaum, Michael H.; Zangwill, Linda M.; Lee, Te-Won; Weinreb, Robert N.; Sample, Pamela A.

2009-01-01

Purpose To investigate whether combining optic disc topography and short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) data improves the diagnostic accuracy of relevance vector machine (RVM) classifiers for detecting glaucomatous eyes compared to using each test alone. Methods One eye of 144 glaucoma patients and 68 healthy controls from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study were included. RVM were trained and tested with cross-validation on optimized (backward elimination) SWAP features (thresholds plus age; pattern deviation (PD); total deviation (TD)) and on Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II (HRT) optic disc topography features, independently and in combination. RVM performance was also compared to two HRT linear discriminant functions (LDF) and to SWAP mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD). Classifier performance was measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) generated for each feature set and by the sensitivities at set specificities of 75%, 90% and 96%. Results RVM trained on combined HRT and SWAP thresholds plus age had significantly higher AUROC (0.93) than RVM trained on HRT (0.88) and SWAP (0.76) alone. AUROCs for the SWAP global indices (MD: 0.68; PSD: 0.72) offered no advantage over SWAP thresholds plus age, while the LDF AUROCs were significantly lower than RVM trained on the combined SWAP and HRT feature set and on HRT alone feature set. Conclusions Training RVM on combined optimized HRT and SWAP data improved diagnostic accuracy compared to training on SWAP and HRT parameters alone. Future research may identify other combinations of tests and classifiers that can also improve diagnostic accuracy. PMID:19528827

How weak values emerge in joint measurements on cloned quantum systems.

PubMed

Hofmann, Holger F

2012-07-13

A statistical analysis of optimal universal cloning shows that it is possible to identify an ideal (but nonpositive) copying process that faithfully maps all properties of the original Hilbert space onto two separate quantum systems, resulting in perfect correlations for all observables. The joint probabilities for noncommuting measurements on separate clones then correspond to the real parts of the complex joint probabilities observed in weak measurements on a single system, where the measurements on the two clones replace the corresponding sequence of weak measurement and postselection. The imaginary parts of weak measurement statics can be obtained by replacing the cloning process with a partial swap operation. A controlled-swap operation combines both processes, making the complete weak measurement statistics accessible as a well-defined contribution to the joint probabilities of fully resolved projective measurements on the two output systems.

Land cover mapping at sub-pixel scales

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Makido, Yasuyo Kato

One of the biggest drawbacks of land cover mapping from remotely sensed images relates to spatial resolution, which determines the level of spatial details depicted in an image. Fine spatial resolution images from satellite sensors such as IKONOS and QuickBird are now available. However, these images are not suitable for large-area studies, since a single image is very small and therefore it is costly for large area studies. Much research has focused on attempting to extract land cover types at sub-pixel scale, and little research has been conducted concerning the spatial allocation of land cover types within a pixel. This study is devoted to the development of new algorithms for predicting land cover distribution using remote sensory imagery at sub-pixel level. The "pixel-swapping" optimization algorithm, which was proposed by Atkinson for predicting sub-pixel land cover distribution, is investigated in this study. Two limitations of this method, the arbitrary spatial range value and the arbitrary exponential model of spatial autocorrelation, are assessed. Various weighting functions, as alternatives to the exponential model, are evaluated in order to derive the optimum weighting function. Two different simulation models were employed to develop spatially autocorrelated binary class maps. In all tested models, Gaussian, Exponential, and IDW, the pixel swapping method improved classification accuracy compared with the initial random allocation of sub-pixels. However the results suggested that equal weight could be used to increase accuracy and sub-pixel spatial autocorrelation instead of using these more complex models of spatial structure. New algorithms for modeling the spatial distribution of multiple land cover classes at sub-pixel scales are developed and evaluated. Three methods are examined: sequential categorical swapping, simultaneous categorical swapping, and simulated annealing. These three methods are applied to classified Landsat ETM+ data that has been resampled to 210 meters. The result suggested that the simultaneous method can be considered as the optimum method in terms of accuracy performance and computation time. The case study employs remote sensing imagery at the following sites: tropical forests in Brazil and temperate multiple land mosaic in East China. Sub-areas for both sites are used to examine how the characteristics of the landscape affect the ability of the optimum technique. Three types of measurement: Moran's I, mean patch size (MPS), and patch size standard deviation (STDEV), are used to characterize the landscape. All results suggested that this technique could increase the classification accuracy more than traditional hard classification. The methods developed in this study can benefit researchers who employ coarse remote sensing imagery but are interested in detailed landscape information. In many cases, the satellite sensor that provides large spatial coverage has insufficient spatial detail to identify landscape patterns. Application of the super-resolution technique described in this dissertation could potentially solve this problem by providing detailed land cover predictions from the coarse resolution satellite sensor imagery.

Real-time processing of dual band HD video for maintaining operational effectiveness in degraded visual environments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parker, Steve C. J.; Hickman, Duncan L.; Smith, Moira I.

2015-05-01

Effective reconnaissance, surveillance and situational awareness, using dual band sensor systems, require the extraction, enhancement and fusion of salient features, with the processed video being presented to the user in an ergonomic and interpretable manner. HALO™ is designed to meet these requirements and provides an affordable, real-time, and low-latency image fusion solution on a low size, weight and power (SWAP) platform. The system has been progressively refined through field trials to increase its operating envelope and robustness. The result is a video processor that improves detection, recognition and identification (DRI) performance, whilst lowering operator fatigue and reaction times in complex and highly dynamic situations. This paper compares the performance of HALO™, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with conventional blended fusion for operation in degraded visual environments (DVEs), such as those experienced during ground and air-based operations. Although image blending provides a simple fusion solution, which explains its common adoption, the results presented demonstrate that its performance is poor compared to the HALO™ fusion scheme in DVE scenarios.

Green Team Hosts Plant Swap to Encourage Gardening | Poster

Cancer.gov

By Carolynne Keenan, Contributing Writer What started out as a way for Howard Young, Ph.D., to thin out his garden last fall turned into the NCI at Frederick Green Team’s Plant Swap. The group held its Fall Plant Swap on October 24, encouraging all members of the Fort Detrick community to pick up a free plant or swap a plant of theirs for another. “Those who love to garden introduce others to the joy of gardening,” said Dolores Winterstein, a member of the Green Team and the coordinator of the Fall Plant Swap.

75 FR 34434 - Request To Amend an Existing Order Under Section 4(c) of the Commodity Exchange Act Permitting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-17

...) pursuant to Section 4(c) of the Act, (a) to permit the clearing of coffee, sugar, and cocoa OTC swap..., ``a * * * commodity swap,'' which latter term includes swaps on agricultural products. While the...(c) of the Act, ICE Clear could not engage in the clearing of OTC swap contracts in cocoa, sugar and...

Passive Collision Avoidance System for UAS

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

feasibility of using SWAP efficient LWIR microbolometers as outlined in the Priest report circa 1998 as a solution to the collision avoidance problems for UASs...81 7.3 LWIR Multispectral Sensor ..........................................................................................84 7.4 LWIR ... LWIR image of the Ultralight. Muffler runs at approximately 1200 F. ......................32 Figure 36: 3D model of LVDS circuit board with L-3

Ultra-compact high-performance MCT MWIR engine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lutz, H.; Breiter, R.; Eich, D.; Figgemeier, H.; Oelmaier, R.; Rutzinger, S.; Schenk, H.; Wendler, J.

2017-02-01

Size, weight and power (SWaP) reduction is highly desired by applications such as sights for the dismounted soldier or small gimbals for UAVs. But why have high performance and small size of IR systems inevitably exclude each other? Namely, recent development progress in the fields of miniature cryocoolers, short dewars and high operating temperature (HOT) FPAs combined with pitch size reduction opens the door for very compact MWIR-modules while keeping high electro-optical performance. Now, AIM has realized first prototypes of an ultra-compact high-performance MWIR engine in a total volume of only 18cl (60mm length x 60mm height x 50mm width). Impressive SWaP characteristics are completed by a total weight below 400g and a power consumption < 4W in basic imaging mode. The engine consists of a XGA-format (1024x768) MCT detector array with 10μm pitch and a low power consuming ROIC. It is cooled down to a typical operating temperature of 160K by the miniature linear cryocooler SX020. The dewar uses a short coldfinger and is designed to reduce the heat load as much as possible. The cooler drive electronics is implemented in the CCE layout in order to reduce the required space of the printed boards and to save power. Uncorrected 14bit video data is provided via Camera Link. Optionally, a small image processing board can be stacked on top of the CCE to gain access to basic functions such as BPR, 2- point NUC and dynamic reduction. This paper will present the design, functionalities and performance data of the ultra-compact MCT MWIR engine operated at HOT.

Fifteen years of sector-wide approach (SWAp) in Bangladesh health sector: an assessment of progress

PubMed Central

Ahsan, Karar Zunaid; Streatfield, Peter Kim; Ijdi, Rashida -E-; Escudero, Gabriela Maria; Khan, Abdul Waheed; Reza, M M

2016-01-01

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) of the Government of Bangladesh embarked on a sector-wide approach (SWAp) modality for the health, nutrition and population (HNP) sector in 1998. This programmatic shift initiated a different set of planning disciplines and practices along with institutional changes in the MOHFW. Over the years, the SWAp modality has evolved in Bangladesh as the MOHFW has learnt from its implementation and refined the program design. This article explores the progress made, both in terms of achievement of health outcomes and systems strengthening results, since the implementation of the SWAp for Bangladesh’s health sector. Secondary analyses of survey data from 1993 to 2011 as well as a literature review of published and grey literature on health SWAp in Bangladesh was conducted for this assessment. Results of the assessment indicate that the MOHFW made substantial progress in health outcomes and health systems strengthening. SWAps facilitated the alignment of funding and technical support around national priorities, and improved the government’s role in program design as well as in implementation and development partner coordination. Notable systemic improvements have taken place in the country systems with regards to monitoring and evaluation, procurement and service provision, which have improved functionality of health facilities to provide essential care. Implementation of the SWAp has, therefore, contributed to an accelerated improvement in key health outcomes in Bangladesh over the last 15 years. The health SWAp in Bangladesh offers an example of a successful adaptation of such an approach in a complex administrative structure. Based on the lessons learned from SWAp implementation in Bangladesh, the MOHFW needs to play a stronger stewardship and regulatory role to reap the full benefits of a SWAp in its subsequent programming. PMID:26582744

77 FR 9733 - Business Conduct Standards for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants With Counterparties

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-17

...The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (``Commission'' or ``CFTC'') is adopting final rules to implement Section 4s(h) of the Commodity Exchange Act (``CEA'') pursuant to Section 731 of Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the ``Dodd-Frank Act''). These rules prescribe external business conduct standards for swap dealers and major swap participants.

Patterns of financing for the largest hospital systems in the United States.

PubMed

Cleverley, William O; Baserman, Sarah Jane

2005-01-01

The ten large systems reviewed in this column have greater degrees of financial leverage than do most freestanding hospitals. Larger firms typically have both greater capital access and lower costs of financing. Both voluntary and IO systems make extensive use of variable rate financing, but the percentage of variable rate financing is slightly higher for voluntary systems. This difference may be attributable to larger yield curve spreads for tax-exempt versus taxable securities. Interest rate swaps were used by 70 percent of the systems, but the actual amount swapped was relatively minor. This may change in the future as financial officers become more comfortable and familiar with interest rate swap arrangements. When compared to IO systems, voluntary systems have extensive levels of cash relative to their debt positions. Cash balances are more critical in the bond-rating process for voluntary hospitals, and the ability to raise new equity is much more limited in the voluntary sector. Very little capital leasing was used in any of the systems.

Schemes generating entangled states and entanglement swapping between photons and three-level atoms inside optical cavities for quantum communication

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heo, Jino; Kang, Min-Sung; Hong, Chang-Ho; Yang, Hyeon; Choi, Seong-Gon

2017-01-01

We propose quantum information processing schemes based on cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) for quantum communication. First, to generate entangled states (Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger [GHZ] states) between flying photons and three-level atoms inside optical cavities, we utilize a controlled phase flip (CPF) gate that can be implemented via cavity QED). Subsequently, we present an entanglement swapping scheme that can be realized using single-qubit measurements and CPF gates via optical cavities. These schemes can be directly applied to construct an entanglement channel for a communication system between two users. Consequently, it is possible for the trust center, having quantum nodes, to accomplish the linked channel (entanglement channel) between the two separate long-distance users via the distribution of Bell states and entanglement swapping. Furthermore, in our schemes, the main physical component is the CPF gate between the photons and the three-level atoms in cavity QED, which is feasible in practice. Thus, our schemes can be experimentally realized with current technology.

Green Team Hosts Plant Swap to Encourage Gardening | Poster

Cancer.gov

By Carolynne Keenan, Contributing Writer What started out as a way for Howard Young, Ph.D., to thin out his garden last fall turned into the NCI at Frederick Green Team’s Plant Swap. The group held its Fall Plant Swap on October 24, encouraging all members of the Fort Detrick community to pick up a free plant or swap a plant of theirs for another. “Those who love to garden

Three-dimensional unstructured grid refinement and optimization using edge-swapping

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gandhi, Amar; Barth, Timothy

1993-01-01

This paper presents a three-dimensional (3-D) 'edge-swapping method based on local transformations. This method extends Lawson's edge-swapping algorithm into 3-D. The 3-D edge-swapping algorithm is employed for the purpose of refining and optimizing unstructured meshes according to arbitrary mesh-quality measures. Several criteria including Delaunay triangulations are examined. Extensions from two to three dimensions of several known properties of Delaunay triangulations are also discussed.

Design of low SWaP optical terminals for free space optical communications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shubert, P.; Cline, A.; McNally, J.; Pierson, R.

2017-02-01

Along with advantages in higher data rates, spectrum contention, and security, free space optical communications can provide size, weight, and power (SWaP) advantages over radio frequency (RF) systems. SWaP is always an issue in space systems and can be critical in applying free space optical communications to small satellite platforms. The system design of small space-based free space optical terminals with Gbps data rates is addressed. System architectures and requirements are defined to ensure the terminals are capable of acquisition, establishment and maintenance of a free space optical communications link. Design trades, identification of blocking technologies, and performance analyses are used to evaluate the practical limitations to terminal SWaP. Small terminal design concepts are developed to establish their practicality and feasibility. Techniques, such as modulation formats and capacity approaching encoding, are considered to mitigate the disadvantages brought by SWaP limitations, and performance as a function of SWaP is evaluated.

Quantum Entanglement Swapping between Two Multipartite Entangled States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Su, Xiaolong; Tian, Caixing; Deng, Xiaowei; Li, Qiang; Xie, Changde; Peng, Kunchi

2016-12-01

Quantum entanglement swapping is one of the most promising ways to realize the quantum connection among local quantum nodes. In this Letter, we present an experimental demonstration of the entanglement swapping between two independent multipartite entangled states, each of which involves a tripartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state of an optical field. The entanglement swapping is implemented deterministically by means of a joint measurement on two optical modes coming from the two multipartite entangled states respectively and the classical feedforward of the measurement results. After entanglement swapping the two independent multipartite entangled states are merged into a large entangled state in which all unmeasured quantum modes are entangled. The entanglement swapping between a tripartite GHZ state and an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled state is also demonstrated and the dependence of the resultant entanglement on transmission loss is investigated. The presented experiment provides a feasible technical reference for constructing more complicated quantum networks.

Quantum Entanglement Swapping between Two Multipartite Entangled States.

PubMed

Su, Xiaolong; Tian, Caixing; Deng, Xiaowei; Li, Qiang; Xie, Changde; Peng, Kunchi

2016-12-09

Quantum entanglement swapping is one of the most promising ways to realize the quantum connection among local quantum nodes. In this Letter, we present an experimental demonstration of the entanglement swapping between two independent multipartite entangled states, each of which involves a tripartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state of an optical field. The entanglement swapping is implemented deterministically by means of a joint measurement on two optical modes coming from the two multipartite entangled states respectively and the classical feedforward of the measurement results. After entanglement swapping the two independent multipartite entangled states are merged into a large entangled state in which all unmeasured quantum modes are entangled. The entanglement swapping between a tripartite GHZ state and an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled state is also demonstrated and the dependence of the resultant entanglement on transmission loss is investigated. The presented experiment provides a feasible technical reference for constructing more complicated quantum networks.

17 CFR 162.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... control with a covered affiliate. (b) Clear and conspicuous. The term “clear and conspicuous” means... exchange dealer, commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, introducing broker, major swap..., commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, introducing broker, major swap participant or swap...

17 CFR 162.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... corporate control with a covered affiliate. (b) Clear and conspicuous. The term “clear and conspicuous... exchange dealer, commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, introducing broker, major swap..., commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, introducing broker, major swap participant or swap...

17 CFR 162.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... control with a covered affiliate. (b) Clear and conspicuous. The term “clear and conspicuous” means... exchange dealer, commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, introducing broker, major swap..., commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, introducing broker, major swap participant or swap...

77 FR 41109 - Margin Requirements for Uncleared Swaps for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-12

... and specifically requests quantitative data and analysis on the comparative costs and benefits of the... quantitative impact study (``QIS'') to assess the costs and benefits of margin requirements. The results of the...

Development of miniature moving magnet cryocooler SX040

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rühlich, I.; Mai, M.; Rosenhagen, C.; Schreiter, A.; Möhl, C.

2011-06-01

State of the art high performance cooled IR systems need to have more than just excellent E/O performance. Minimum size weight and power (SWaP) are the design goals to meet our forces' mission requirements. Key enabler for minimum SWaP of IR imagers is the operation temperature of the focal plane array (FPA) employed. State of the art MCT or InAsSb nBn technology has the potential to rise the FPA temperature from 77 K to 130-150 K (high operation temperature HOT) depending on the specific cut-off wavelength. Using a HOT FPA will significantly lower SWaP and keep those parameters finally dominated by the employed cryocooler. Therefore compact high performance cryocoolers are mandatory. For highest MTTF life AIM developed its Flexure Bearing Moving Magnet product family "SF". Such coolers achieve more than 20000 h MTTF with Stirling type expander and more than 5 years MTTF life with Pulse Tube coldfinger (like for Space applications). To keep the high lifetime potential but to significantly improve SWaP AIM is developing its "SX" type cooler family. The new SX040 cooler incorporates a highly efficient dual piston Moving Magnet driving mechanism resulting in very compact compressor of less than 100mm length. The cooler's high lifetime is also achieved by placing the coils outside the helium vessel as usual for moving magnet motors. The mating ¼" expander is extremely compact with less than 63 mm length. This allows a total dewar length from optical window to expander warm end of less than 100 mm even for large cold shields. The cooler is optimized for HOT detectors with operating temperatures exceeding 95 K. While this kind of cooler is the perfect match for many applications, handheld sights or targeting devices for the dismounted soldier are even more challenging with respect to SWaP. AIM therefore started to develop an even smaller cooler type with single piston and balancer. This paper gives an overview on the development of this new compact cryocooler. Technical details and performance data will be shown.

Accelerated sampling by infinite swapping of path integral molecular dynamics with surface hopping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lu, Jianfeng; Zhou, Zhennan

2018-02-01

To accelerate the thermal equilibrium sampling of multi-level quantum systems, the infinite swapping limit of a recently proposed multi-level ring polymer representation is investigated. In the infinite swapping limit, the ring polymer evolves according to an averaged Hamiltonian with respect to all possible surface index configurations of the ring polymer and thus connects the surface hopping approach to the mean-field path-integral molecular dynamics. A multiscale integrator for the infinite swapping limit is also proposed to enable efficient sampling based on the limiting dynamics. Numerical results demonstrate the huge improvement of sampling efficiency of the infinite swapping compared with the direct simulation of path-integral molecular dynamics with surface hopping.

More than 3,200 Books and DVDs Donated to Annual Book Swap | Poster

Cancer.gov

Robin Meckley, Contributing Writer The Scientific Library’s 14th Annual Book and Media Swap, held on April 16 in the lobby of Building 549, proved to be a popular event. When the swap was rescheduled from fall 2013 to spring 2014, the library staff was uncertain if the response would be equal to previous years, said Sue Wilson, principal manager of the Scientific Library. NCI at Frederick employees rose to the challenge, however, with 87 people donating more than 3,200 books and DVDs, according to Pam Noble, serials technician and book swap team leader. By the end of the first day of the swap, almost half of the materials had been claimed.

Highly efficient entanglement swapping and teleportation at telecom wavelength

PubMed Central

Jin, Rui-Bo; Takeoka, Masahiro; Takagi, Utako; Shimizu, Ryosuke; Sasaki, Masahide

2015-01-01

Entanglement swapping at telecom wavelengths is at the heart of quantum networking in optical fiber infrastructures. Although entanglement swapping has been demonstrated experimentally so far using various types of entangled photon sources both in near-infrared and telecom wavelength regions, the rate of swapping operation has been too low to be applied to practical quantum protocols, due to limited efficiency of entangled photon sources and photon detectors. Here we demonstrate drastic improvement of the efficiency at telecom wavelength by using two ultra-bright entangled photon sources and four highly efficient superconducting nanowire single photon detectors. We have attained a four-fold coincidence count rate of 108 counts per second, which is three orders higher than the previous experiments at telecom wavelengths. A raw (net) visibility in a Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between the two independent entangled sources was 73.3 ± 1.0% (85.1 ± 0.8%). We performed the teleportation and entanglement swapping, and obtained a fidelity of 76.3% in the swapping test. Our results on the coincidence count rates are comparable with the ones ever recorded in teleportation/swapping and multi-photon entanglement generation experiments at around 800 nm wavelengths. Our setup opens the way to practical implementation of device-independent quantum key distribution and its distance extension by the entanglement swapping as well as multi-photon entangled state generation in telecom band infrastructures with both space and fiber links. PMID:25791212

Highly efficient entanglement swapping and teleportation at telecom wavelength.

PubMed

Jin, Rui-Bo; Takeoka, Masahiro; Takagi, Utako; Shimizu, Ryosuke; Sasaki, Masahide

2015-03-20

Entanglement swapping at telecom wavelengths is at the heart of quantum networking in optical fiber infrastructures. Although entanglement swapping has been demonstrated experimentally so far using various types of entangled photon sources both in near-infrared and telecom wavelength regions, the rate of swapping operation has been too low to be applied to practical quantum protocols, due to limited efficiency of entangled photon sources and photon detectors. Here we demonstrate drastic improvement of the efficiency at telecom wavelength by using two ultra-bright entangled photon sources and four highly efficient superconducting nanowire single photon detectors. We have attained a four-fold coincidence count rate of 108 counts per second, which is three orders higher than the previous experiments at telecom wavelengths. A raw (net) visibility in a Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between the two independent entangled sources was 73.3 ± 1.0% (85.1 ± 0.8%). We performed the teleportation and entanglement swapping, and obtained a fidelity of 76.3% in the swapping test. Our results on the coincidence count rates are comparable with the ones ever recorded in teleportation/swapping and multi-photon entanglement generation experiments at around 800 nm wavelengths. Our setup opens the way to practical implementation of device-independent quantum key distribution and its distance extension by the entanglement swapping as well as multi-photon entangled state generation in telecom band infrastructures with both space and fiber links.

Frequency selective infrared optical filters for micro-bolometers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Creazzo, Timothy A.; Zablocki, Mathew J.; Zaman, Lenin; Sharkawy, Ahmed; Mirotznik, Mark S.; Prather, Dennis W.

2017-05-01

Current micro-bolometers are broadband detectors and tend to absorb a broad window of the IR spectrum for thermal imaging. Such systems are limited due to their lack of sensitivity to blackbody radiation, as well as the inability to spectrally discern multiple wavelengths in the field of view for hyperspectral imaging (HSI). As a result, many important applications such as low concentration chemical detection cannot be performed. One solution to this problem is to employ a system with thermoelectrically cooled or liquid nitrogen cooled sensors, which can lead to higher sensitivity in detection. However, one major drawback of these systems is the size, weight and power (SWaP) issue as they tend to be rather bulky and cumbersome, which largely challenges their use in unmanned aerial vehicles. Further, spectral filtering is commonly performed with large hardware and moving gratings, greatly increasing the SWaP of the system. To this point, Lumilant's effort is to develop wavelength selective uncooled IR filters that can be integrated onto a microbolometer, to exceed the sensitivity imposed by the blackbody radiation limit. We have demonstrated narrowband absorbers and electrically tunable filters addressing the need for low-SWaP platforms.

17 CFR 45.2 - Swap recordkeeping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Section 45.2 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA..., complete, and systematic records, together with all pertinent data and memoranda, of all activities..., complete, and systematic records, together with all pertinent data and memoranda, with respect to each swap...

17 CFR 45.2 - Swap recordkeeping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Section 45.2 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA..., complete, and systematic records, together with all pertinent data and memoranda, of all activities..., complete, and systematic records, together with all pertinent data and memoranda, with respect to each swap...

Fifteen years of sector-wide approach (SWAp) in Bangladesh health sector: an assessment of progress.

PubMed

Ahsan, Karar Zunaid; Streatfield, Peter Kim; Ijdi, Rashida-E-; Escudero, Gabriela Maria; Khan, Abdul Waheed; Reza, M M

2016-06-01

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) of the Government of Bangladesh embarked on a sector-wide approach (SWAp) modality for the health, nutrition and population (HNP) sector in 1998. This programmatic shift initiated a different set of planning disciplines and practices along with institutional changes in the MOHFW. Over the years, the SWAp modality has evolved in Bangladesh as the MOHFW has learnt from its implementation and refined the program design. This article explores the progress made, both in terms of achievement of health outcomes and systems strengthening results, since the implementation of the SWAp for Bangladesh's health sector. Secondary analyses of survey data from 1993 to 2011 as well as a literature review of published and grey literature on health SWAp in Bangladesh was conducted for this assessment. Results of the assessment indicate that the MOHFW made substantial progress in health outcomes and health systems strengthening. SWAps facilitated the alignment of funding and technical support around national priorities, and improved the government's role in program design as well as in implementation and development partner coordination. Notable systemic improvements have taken place in the country systems with regards to monitoring and evaluation, procurement and service provision, which have improved functionality of health facilities to provide essential care. Implementation of the SWAp has, therefore, contributed to an accelerated improvement in key health outcomes in Bangladesh over the last 15 years. The health SWAp in Bangladesh offers an example of a successful adaptation of such an approach in a complex administrative structure. Based on the lessons learned from SWAp implementation in Bangladesh, the MOHFW needs to play a stronger stewardship and regulatory role to reap the full benefits of a SWAp in its subsequent programming. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

High-speed uncooled MWIR hostile fire indication sensor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, L.; Pantuso, F. P.; Jin, G.; Mazurenko, A.; Erdtmann, M.; Radhakrishnan, S.; Salerno, J.

2011-06-01

Hostile fire indication (HFI) systems require high-resolution sensor operation at extremely high speeds to capture hostile fire events, including rocket-propelled grenades, anti-aircraft artillery, heavy machine guns, anti-tank guided missiles and small arms. HFI must also be conducted in a waveband with large available signal and low background clutter, in particular the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR). The shortcoming of current HFI sensors in the MWIR is the bandwidth of the sensor is not sufficient to achieve the required frame rate at the high sensor resolution. Furthermore, current HFI sensors require cryogenic cooling that contributes to size, weight, and power (SWAP) in aircraft-mounted applications where these factors are at a premium. Based on its uncooled photomechanical infrared imaging technology, Agiltron has developed a low-SWAP, high-speed MWIR HFI sensor that breaks the bandwidth bottleneck typical of current infrared sensors. This accomplishment is made possible by using a commercial-off-the-shelf, high-performance visible imager as the readout integrated circuit and physically separating this visible imager from the MWIR-optimized photomechanical sensor chip. With this approach, we have achieved high-resolution operation of our MWIR HFI sensor at 1000 fps, which is unprecedented for an uncooled infrared sensor. We have field tested our MWIR HFI sensor for detecting all hostile fire events mentioned above at several test ranges under a wide range of environmental conditions. The field testing results will be presented.

17 CFR 45.2 - Swap recordkeeping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Section 45.2 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SWAP DATA..., complete, and systematic records, together with all pertinent data and memoranda, of all activities..., complete, and systematic records, together with all pertinent data and memoranda, with respect to each swap...

Exploring SWAp's contribution to the efficient allocation and use of resources in the health sector in Zambia.

PubMed

Chansa, Collins; Sundewall, Jesper; McIntyre, Di; Tomson, Göran; Forsberg, Birger C

2008-07-01

Zambia introduced a sector-wide approach (SWAp) in the health sector in 1993. The goal was to improve efficiency in the use of domestic funds and externally sourced development assistance by integrating these into a joint sectoral framework. Over a decade into its existence, however, the SWAp remains largely unevaluated. This study explores whether the envisaged improvements have been achieved by studying developments in administrative, technical and allocative efficiency in the Zambian health sector from 1990-2006. A case study was conducted using interviews and analysis of secondary data. Respondents represented a cross-section of stakeholders in the Zambian health sector. Secondary data from 1990-2006 were collected for six indicators related to administrative, technical and allocative efficiency. The results showed small improvements in administrative efficiency. Transaction costs still appeared to be high despite the introduction of the SWAp. Indicators for technical efficiency showed a drop in hospital bed utilization rates and government share of funding for drugs. As for allocative efficiency, budget execution did not improve with the SWAp, although there were large variations between both donors and year. Funding levels had apparently improved at district level but declined for hospitals. Finally, the SWAp had not succeeded in bringing all external assistance together under a common framework. Despite strong commitment to implement the SWAp in Zambia, the envisaged efficiency improvements do not seem to have been attained. Possible explanations could be that the SWAp has not been fully developed or that not all parties have completely embraced it. SWAp is not ruled out as a coordination model, but the current setup in Zambia has not proved to be fully effective.

78 FR 66621 - Protection of Collateral of Counterparties to Uncleared Swaps; Treatment of Securities in a...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-06

...The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the ``Commission'') is issuing final rules implementing new statutory provisions enacted by Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the ``Dodd-Frank Act''). Specifically, the final rule contained herein imposes requirements on swap dealers (``SDs'') and major swap participants (``MSPs'') with respect to the treatment of collateral posted by their counterparties to margin, guarantee, or secure uncleared swaps. Additionally, the final rule includes revisions to ensure that, for purposes of subchapter IV of chapter 7 of the Bankruptcy Code, securities held in a portfolio margining account that is a futures account or a Cleared Swaps Customer Account constitute ``customer property''; and owners of such account constitute ``customers.''

17 CFR 49.10 - Acceptance of data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... protocols established by a swap data repository shall provide for the receipt of swap creation data, swap continuation data, real-time public reporting data, and all other data and information required to be reported... repository shall adopt policies and procedures, including technological protocols, which provide for...

17 CFR 49.10 - Acceptance of data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... protocols established by a swap data repository shall provide for the receipt of swap creation data, swap continuation data, real-time public reporting data, and all other data and information required to be reported... repository shall adopt policies and procedures, including technological protocols, which provide for...

17 CFR 49.3 - Procedures for registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... that such swap data repository is appropriately organized, and has the capacity: to ensure the prompt.... 49.3 Section 49.3 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA... desiring to be registered as a swap data repository shall file electronically an application for...

17 CFR 49.3 - Procedures for registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... if the Commission finds that such swap data repository is appropriately organized, and has the...) SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.3 Procedures for registration. (a) Application procedures. (1) An applicant, person or entity desiring to be registered as a swap data repository shall file electronically an...

17 CFR 49.3 - Procedures for registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... that such swap data repository is appropriately organized, and has the capacity: to ensure the prompt.... 49.3 Section 49.3 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA... desiring to be registered as a swap data repository shall file electronically an application for...

77 FR 49428 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection, Comment Request: Further...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-16

... Agreement''; Mixed Swaps; Security- Based Swap Agreement Recordkeeping: Book-out Agreement Confirmation... Protection Act (``Dodd-Frank Act''), requiring that oral book- out agreements must be followed in a..., ``Product Definitions''); regarding ``mixed swaps;'' and governing books and records with respect to...

A stochastic hybrid model for pricing forward-start variance swaps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roslan, Teh Raihana Nazirah

2017-11-01

Recently, market players have been exposed to the astounding increase in the trading volume of variance swaps. In this paper, the forward-start nature of a variance swap is being inspected, where hybridizations of equity and interest rate models are used to evaluate the price of discretely-sampled forward-start variance swaps. The Heston stochastic volatility model is being extended to incorporate the dynamics of the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross (CIR) stochastic interest rate model. This is essential since previous studies on variance swaps were mainly focusing on instantaneous-start variance swaps without considering the interest rate effects. This hybrid model produces an efficient semi-closed form pricing formula through the development of forward characteristic functions. The performance of this formula is investigated via simulations to demonstrate how the formula performs for different sampling times and against the real market scenario. Comparison done with the Monte Carlo simulation which was set as our main reference point reveals that our pricing formula gains almost the same precision in a shorter execution time.

Implementation of a quantum controlled-SWAP gate with photonic circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ono, Takafumi; Okamoto, Ryo; Tanida, Masato; Hofmann, Holger F.; Takeuchi, Shigeki

2017-03-01

Quantum information science addresses how the processing and transmission of information are affected by uniquely quantum mechanical phenomena. Combination of two-qubit gates has been used to realize quantum circuits, however, scalability is becoming a critical problem. The use of three-qubit gates may simplify the structure of quantum circuits dramatically. Among them, the controlled-SWAP (Fredkin) gates are essential since they can be directly applied to important protocols, e.g., error correction, fingerprinting, and optimal cloning. Here we report a realization of the Fredkin gate for photonic qubits. We achieve a fidelity of 0.85 in the computational basis and an output state fidelity of 0.81 for a 3-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state. The estimated process fidelity of 0.77 indicates that our Fredkin gate can be applied to various quantum tasks.

77 FR 15459 - Procedures To Establish Appropriate Minimum Block Sizes for Large Notional Off-Facility Swaps and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-15

... Commission is of the view that the term swap category is a more descriptive term to convey the concept of a... inappropriate comparative measure for the swaps market.\\46\\ Some of these commenters, for example, argued that...

17 CFR 45.6 - Legal entity identifiers

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... applied to swap data repositories by part 49 of this chapter. (4) Open Source. The schema for the legal... Section 45.6 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA... to the jurisdiction of the Commission shall be identified in all recordkeeping and all swap data...

17 CFR 45.6 - Legal entity identifiers

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... applied to swap data repositories by part 49 of this chapter. (4) Open Source. The schema for the legal... Section 45.6 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA... to the jurisdiction of the Commission shall be identified in all recordkeeping and all swap data...

17 CFR 49.22 - Chief compliance officer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

....22 Section 49.22 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA... 49, the term “board of directors” means the board of directors of a registered swap data repository, or for those swap data repositories whose organizational structure does not include a board of...

17 CFR 49.22 - Chief compliance officer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

....22 Section 49.22 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DATA... 49, the term “board of directors” means the board of directors of a registered swap data repository, or for those swap data repositories whose organizational structure does not include a board of...

78 FR 21045 - Adaptation of Regulations to Incorporate Swaps-Records of Transactions; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-09

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 1 RIN 3038-AD53 Adaptation of Regulations to Incorporate Swaps--Records of Transactions; Correction AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission. ACTION...), regarding Adaptation of Regulations to Incorporate Swaps--Records of Transactions. DATES: This correction to...

17 CFR 49.22 - Chief compliance officer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... that the registered swap data repository provide fair and open access as set forth in § 49.27 of this...) SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES § 49.22 Chief compliance officer. (a) Definition of Board of Directors. For... data repository, or for those swap data repositories whose organizational structure does not include a...

78 FR 4365 - Capital, Margin, and Segregation Requirements for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-22

... 3235-AL12 Capital, Margin, and Segregation Requirements for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major... public comment to establish capital, margin, and segregation requirements for security-based swap dealers... soliciting comment on proposed rules and rule amendments establishing capital, margin, and segregation...

75 FR 76930 - Real-Time Public Reporting of Swap Transaction Data

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-10

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 43 RIN 3038-AD08 Real-Time Public Reporting of Swap Transaction Data Correction In proposed rule document 2010-29994 beginning on page 76140 in the...--Additional Real-Time Public Reporting Data Fields for Options, Swaptions and Swaps with Embedded Options...

Scientific Library Will Hold 16th Annual Book and Media Swap | Poster

Cancer.gov

The Scientific Library has begun collecting materials for the 16th Annual Book and Media Swap and will continue to do so through Tuesday, October 25. Opening day for the Swap is Wednesday, October 26, and the event will continue through Wednesday, November 30.

Swap Bribery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elkind, Edith; Faliszewski, Piotr; Slinko, Arkadii

In voting theory, bribery is a form of manipulative behavior in which an external actor (the briber) offers to pay the voters to change their votes in order to get her preferred candidate elected. We investigate a model of bribery where the price of each vote depends on the amount of change that the voter is asked to implement. Specifically, in our model the briber can change a voter’s preference list by paying for a sequence of swaps of consecutive candidates. Each swap may have a different price; the price of a bribery is the sum of the prices of all swaps that it involves. We prove complexity results for this model, which we call swap bribery, for a broad class of voting rules, including variants of approval and k-approval, Borda, Copeland, and maximin.

Do Sector Wide Approaches for health aid delivery lead to 'donor-flight'? A comparison of 46 low-income countries.

PubMed

Sweeney, Rohan; Mortimer, Duncan; Johnston, David W

2014-03-01

Sector Wide Approaches (SWAp) emerged during the 1990s as a new policy mechanism for aid delivery. Eschewing many features of traditional project-based aid, SWAps give greater control of aid allocation to recipient countries. Some critics have questioned whether reducing a donor's level of influence over aid allocation might lead to a decrease in donor contributions. While some qualitative evaluations have described the level of fund pooling and donor participation in SWAps, no previous study has empirically examined this potential 'donor-flight' response to health SWAp implementation. This paper utilises a uniquely compiled dataset of 46 low-income countries over 1990-2009 and a variety of panel data regression models to estimate the impact of health SWAp implementation on levels of health aid. Results suggest that amongst 16 especially poor low-income countries, SWAp implementation is associated with significant decreases in health aid levels compared with non-implementers. This suggests donors are not indifferent to how their contributions are allocated by recipients, and that low-income countries considering a SWAp may need to weigh the benefits of greater control of aid allocations against the possibility of reduced aid income. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Genome-Wide Prediction and Analysis of 3D-Domain Swapped Proteins in the Human Genome from Sequence Information.

PubMed

Upadhyay, Atul Kumar; Sowdhamini, Ramanathan

2016-01-01

3D-domain swapping is one of the mechanisms of protein oligomerization and the proteins exhibiting this phenomenon have many biological functions. These proteins, which undergo domain swapping, have acquired much attention owing to their involvement in human diseases, such as conformational diseases, amyloidosis, serpinopathies, proteionopathies etc. Early realisation of proteins in the whole human genome that retain tendency to domain swap will enable many aspects of disease control management. Predictive models were developed by using machine learning approaches with an average accuracy of 78% (85.6% of sensitivity, 87.5% of specificity and an MCC value of 0.72) to predict putative domain swapping in protein sequences. These models were applied to many complete genomes with special emphasis on the human genome. Nearly 44% of the protein sequences in the human genome were predicted positive for domain swapping. Enrichment analysis was performed on the positively predicted sequences from human genome for their domain distribution, disease association and functional importance based on Gene Ontology (GO). Enrichment analysis was also performed to infer a better understanding of the functional importance of these sequences. Finally, we developed hinge region prediction, in the given putative domain swapped sequence, by using important physicochemical properties of amino acids.

AVIRIS Reflectance Retrievals: UCSB Users Manual. Appendix 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roberts, Dar A.; Prentiss, Dylan

2001-01-01

The following write-up is designed to help students and researchers take Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) radiance data and retrieve surface reflectance. In the event that the software is not available, but a user has access to a reflectance product, this document is designed to provide a better understanding of how AVIRIS reflectance was retrieved. This guide assumes that the reader has both a basic understanding of the UNIX computing environment, and that of spectroscopy. Knowledge of the Interactive Data Language (IDL) and the Environment for Visualizing Images (ENVI) is helpful. This is a working document, and many of the fine details described in the following pages have been previously undocumented. After having read this document the reader should be able to process AVIRIS to reflectance, provided access to all of the code is possible. The AVIRIS radiance data itself is pre-processed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California. The first section of this paper describes how to read data from tape and byte-swap the data. Section 2 describes the procedure in preparing support files before running the 'h2o' suite of programs. Section 3 describes the four programs used in the process, h2olut9.f, h2ospl9.f, vlsfit9.f and rfl9.f.

17 CFR 23.205 - Real-time public reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Real-time public reporting. 23... Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants § 23.205 Real-time public reporting. (a) Real-time public... information and swap transaction and pricing data required to be reported in accordance with the real-time...

17 CFR 23.205 - Real-time public reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Real-time public reporting. 23... Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants § 23.205 Real-time public reporting. (a) Real-time public... information and swap transaction and pricing data required to be reported in accordance with the real-time...

76 FR 33817 - Protection of Cleared Swaps Customer Contracts and Collateral; Conforming Amendments to the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-09

...-defaulting cleared swaps customers for risk management reasons. If the DCO makes such a choice, it would... risk management standpoint. Id. 4. Benefits a. Fellow-Customer Risk and Investment Risk In general... 22 and 190 Protection of Cleared Swaps Customer Contracts and Collateral; Conforming Amendments to...

76 FR 27621 - Margin Requirements for Uncleared Swaps for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-12

...). Elsewhere today in the Federal Register, the Commission is proposing to adopt capital, financial reporting... requirements, and supplemental financial reporting requirements for these FCMs. The Commission now is extending... proposing to adopt capital, financial reporting, and recordkeeping requirements for SDs and MSPs, as well as...

17 CFR 22.17 - Policies and procedures governing disbursements of Cleared Swaps Customer Collateral from Cleared...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Section 22.17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION CLEARED SWAPS § 22... of Cleared Swaps Customer Collateral with the funds of a futures commission merchant, shall not be construed to prevent a futures commission merchant from having a residual financial interest in the funds...

76 FR 23732 - Margin Requirements for Uncleared Swaps for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-28

... these statutory bounds the Commission has endeavored to limit costs appropriately. For example, as... Commission anticipates that the prudential regulators will publicly post their proposed rules on their Web... containing a threshold below which the CSE was not required to post initial margin, i.e., zero thresholds...

17 CFR 230.239 - Exemption for offers and sales of certain security-based swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... specified Internet address or includes in its agreement covering the security-based swap that the eligible... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Exemption for offers and sales of certain security-based swaps. 230.239 Section 230.239 Commodity and Securities Exchanges...

17 CFR 230.239 - Exemption for offers and sales of certain security-based swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... specified Internet address or includes in its agreement covering the security-based swap that the eligible... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Exemption for offers and sales of certain security-based swaps. 230.239 Section 230.239 Commodity and Securities Exchanges...

78 FR 33475 - Core Principles and Other Requirements for Swap Execution Facilities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-04

... Core Principles and Other Requirements for Swap Execution Facilities; Final Rule #0;#0;Federal Register... FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 37 RIN 3038-AD18 Core Principles and Other Requirements for Swap... Core Principles 1. Subpart B--Core Principle 1 (Compliance With Core Principles) 2. Subpart C--Core...

78 FR 45291 - Interpretive Guidance and Policy Statement Regarding Compliance With Certain Swap Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-26

... Section 2(i) A. Comments B. Statutory Analysis C. Principles of International Comity IV. Guidance A... Reporting ii. Swap Data Recordkeeping Relating to Complaints and Marketing and Sales Materials iii. Physical... Reporting 2. Swap Data Recordkeeping Relating to Complaints and Marketing and Sales Materials 3. Physical...

77 FR 26709 - Swap Data Repositories: Interpretative Statement Regarding the Confidentiality and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-07

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 49 RIN 3038-AD83 Swap Data Repositories... data repositories (``SDRs'').SDRs are new registered entities created by section 728 of the Dodd-Frank... Act amends section 1a of the CEA to add a definition of the term ``swap data repository.'' Pursuant to...

78 FR 22350 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE Clear Credit LLC; Notice of Filing and Order Granting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-15

... governing security-based swap data repositories and security-based swap reporting. See, e.g., Pub. L. No... Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (``DTCC''), in conjunction with DTCC Data Repository (U.S.) LLC.\\40... 75208 (Dec. 2, 2010); Security-Based Swap Data Repository Registration, Duties, and Core Principles...

77 FR 48060 - Real-Time Public Reporting of Swap Transaction Data; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-13

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 43 RIN 3038-AD08 Real-Time Public Reporting of...'') published the Real-Time Public Reporting of Swap Transaction Data (``Real-Time Public Reporting'') rule and.... Background The Commission published the final rule entitled Real-Time Public Reporting of Swap Transaction...

17 CFR 50.4 - Classes of swaps required to be cleared.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Fixed-to-floating swap class Currency U.S. dollar (USD) Euro (EUR) Sterling (GBP) Yen (JPY). Floating.... Conditional Notional Amounts No No No No. Specification Basis swap class Currency U.S. dollar (USD) Euro (EUR... agreement class Currency U.S. dollar (USD) Euro (EUR) Sterling (GBP) Yen (JPY). Floating Rate Indexes LIBOR...

Is therapist evaluation of Social Anxiety/Avoidance traits associated with patient-reported attachment style?

PubMed

Katz, Michael; Hilsenroth, Mark J

2017-11-01

The Social Anxiety/Avoidance Scale was recently added to the Shedler Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP), and requires independent validation. This study used data drawn from a larger ongoing project in order to retrospectively examine its convergent validity with two self-report attachment measures: Relationship Questionnaire (RQ) and Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire-Revised (ECR-R). Fifty-two patients completed the RQ and the ECR-R before beginning psychotherapy treatment. Clinicians rated the patients on the SWAP after six sessions. The SWAP Social Anxiety/Avoidance Scale (SWAP-SAAS) was negatively related to the RQ secure attachment prototype scale and positively related to the ECR-R attachment anxiety scale. Our findings provide initial support for the use of the SWAP-SAAS as a therapist-rated measure associated with lower patient-reported levels of fit with a secure attachment prototype and with higher patient-reported levels of attachment anxiety. Implications and suggestions for future research on the SWAP-SAAS, as well as for clinical work with socially anxious and avoidant patients, are discussed. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A Cellular Automaton model for pedestrian counterflow with swapping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tao, Y. Z.; Dong, L. Y.

2017-06-01

In this paper, we propose a new floor field Cellular Automaton (CA) model with considering the swapping behaviors of pedestrians. The neighboring pedestrians in opposite directions take swapping in a probability decided by the linear density of pedestrian flow. The swapping which happens simultaneously with the normal movement is introduced to eliminate the gridlock in low density region. Numerical results show that the fundamental diagram is in good agreement with the measured data. Then the model is applied to investigate the counterflow and four typical states such as free flow, lane, intermediate and congestion states are found. More attention is paid on the intermediate state which lane-formation and local congestions switch in an irregular manner. The swapping plays a vital role in reducing the gridlock. Furthermore, the influence of the corridor size and individual's eyesight on counterflow are discussed in detail.

Proline Residues as Switches in Conformational Changes Leading to Amyloid Fibril Formation

PubMed Central

Taler-Verčič, Ajda; Hasanbašić, Samra; Berbić, Selma; Stoka, Veronika; Turk, Dušan; Žerovnik, Eva

2017-01-01

Here we discuss studies of the structure, folding, oligomerization and amyloid fibril formation of several proline mutants of human stefin B, which is a protein inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine cathepsins and a member of the cystatin family. The structurally important prolines in stefin B are responsible for the slow folding phases and facilitate domain swapping (Pro 74) and loop swapping (Pro 79). Moreover, our findings are compared to β2-microglobulin, a protein involved in dialysis-related amyloidosis. The assessment of the contribution of proline residues to the process of amyloid fibril formation may shed new light on the critical molecular events involved in conformational disorders. PMID:28272335

75 FR 81519 - Confirmation, Portfolio Reconciliation, and Portfolio Compression Requirements for Swap Dealers...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-28

... systemic risk, portfolio reconciliation should be a proactive process that delivers a consolidated view of... achieved by portfolio compression, in turn, may lessen systemic risk and enhance the overall stability of...

Side-wall spacer passivated sub-μm Josephson junction fabrication process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grönberg, Leif; Kiviranta, Mikko; Vesterinen, Visa; Lehtinen, Janne; Simbierowicz, Slawomir; Luomahaara, Juho; Prunnila, Mika; Hassel, Juha

2017-12-01

We present a structure and a fabrication method for superconducting tunnel junctions down to the dimensions of 200 nm using i-line UV lithography. The key element is a sidewall-passivating spacer structure (SWAPS) which is shaped for smooth crossline contacting and low parasitic capacitance. The SWAPS structure enables formation of junctions with dimensions at or below the lithography-limited linewidth. An additional benefit is avoiding the excessive use of amorphous dielectric materials which is favorable in sub-Kelvin microwave applications often plagued by nonlinear and lossy dielectrics. We apply the structure to niobium trilayer junctions, and provide characterization results yielding evidence on wafer-scale scalability, and critical current density tuning in the range of 0.1-3.0 kA cm-2. We discuss the applicability of the junction process in the context of different applications, such as SQUID magnetometers and Josephson parametric amplifiers.

78 FR 42579 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-16

... Change Regarding a Change to Interest Rate Swap Margin Calculation Parameters July 10, 2013. Pursuant to... Interest Rate Swap Margin Parameters Please be advised that beginning 7/15/2013, CME Clearing will utilize a revised set of parameters for the margining of CME cleared Interest Rate Swap Products. The...

76 FR 42395 - Business Conduct Standards for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security-Based Swap...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-18

... received. Table of Contents I. Introduction A. Statutory Framework B. Consultations C. Approach to Drafting.... Generally B. Consistency With CFTC Approach IV. Paperwork Reduction Act A. Summary of Collections of... that may rely on security-based swaps to manage risk and reduce volatility. C. Approach to Drafting the...

75 FR 80173 - Further Definition of “Swap Dealer,” “Security-Based Swap Dealer,” “Major Swap Participant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-21

.... The Commission will post all comments on the Commission's Internet Web site ( http://www.sec.gov/rules..., which are the subject of separate rulemakings. For example, whether the definition of a major... Regarding Dealing Activities Commenters provided numerous examples of conduct they viewed as dealing...

17 CFR 43.3 - Method and timing for real-time public reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... § 43.5. (3) Prohibitions on disclosure of data. (i) If there is a registered swap data repository for... disclosure is made no earlier than the transmittal of such data to a registered swap data repository for... such data by a registered swap data repository unless: (A) Such disclosure is made no earlier than the...

76 FR 22833 - Swap Data Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements: Pre-Enactment and Transition Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-25

... the IFRs. Comments generally fell into one or more of several broad categories and in a number of instances were common to both IFRs. Some commenters observed that issuance of IFRs in advance of regulations... required to keep records as provided in the Commission's IFRs concerning pre-enactment and transition swaps...

76 FR 6715 - Swap Trading Relationship Documentation Requirements for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-08

... VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act). Section 731 of... registered entities and intermediaries subject to the Commission's oversight. \\1\\ See Dodd-Frank Wall Street... section 701 of the Dodd-Frank Act, Title VII may be cited as the ``Wall Street Transparency and...

77 FR 71369 - Capital, Margin, and Segregation Requirements for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-30

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 240 [Release No. 34-68071; File No. S7-08-12] RIN 3235-AL12 Capital, Margin, and Segregation Requirements for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security-Based Swap Participants and Capital Requirements for Broker-Dealers Correction In proposed rule...

17 CFR 46.8 - Data reporting for swaps in a swap asset class not accepted by any swap data repository.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

.... (c) Delegation of authority to the Chief Information Officer: The Commission hereby delegates to its Chief Information Officer, until the Commission orders otherwise, the authority set forth in paragraph (c) of this section, to be exercised by the Chief Information Officer or by such other employee or...

17 CFR 45.11 - Data reporting for swaps in a swap asset class not accepted by any swap data repository.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... to the Commission. (c) Delegation of authority to the Chief Information Officer: The Commission hereby delegates to its Chief Information Officer, until the Commission orders otherwise, the authority set forth in paragraph (c) of this section, to be exercised by the Chief Information Officer or by...

17 CFR 46.8 - Data reporting for swaps in a swap asset class not accepted by any swap data repository.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

.... (c) Delegation of authority to the Chief Information Officer: The Commission hereby delegates to its Chief Information Officer, until the Commission orders otherwise, the authority set forth in paragraph (c) of this section, to be exercised by the Chief Information Officer or by such other employee or...

17 CFR 45.11 - Data reporting for swaps in a swap asset class not accepted by any swap data repository.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... to the Commission. (c) Delegation of authority to the Chief Information Officer: The Commission hereby delegates to its Chief Information Officer, until the Commission orders otherwise, the authority set forth in paragraph (c) of this section, to be exercised by the Chief Information Officer or by...

76 FR 10947 - Registration and Regulation of Security-Based Swap Execution Facilities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-28

... electronic media to execute transactions in SB swaps varies greatly across trading venues, with some venues... telephone. The reasons for use of, or lack of use of, electronic media vary from such factors as user... communications to contact directly a potential counterparty to negotiate a SB swap. Once the terms are agreed...

Implementation and Performance of Factorized Back projection on Low-Cost Commercial-Off-the-Shelf Hardware

DTIC Science & Technology

performance on a low cost, low size, weight, and power (SWAP) computer : a Raspberry Pi Model B. For a comparison of performance, a baseline implementation...improvement factor of 2-3 compared to filtered backprojection. Execution on a single Raspberry Pi is too slow for real-time imaging. However, factorized...backprojection is easily parallelized, and we include a discussion of parallel implementation across multiple Pis .

Proline 235 plays a key role in the regulation of the oligomeric states of Thermotoga maritima Arginine Binding Protein.

PubMed

Smaldone, Giovanni; Vigorita, Marilisa; Ruggiero, Alessia; Balasco, Nicole; Dattelbaum, Jonathan D; D'Auria, Sabato; Del Vecchio, Pompea; Graziano, Giuseppe; Vitagliano, Luigi

2016-07-01

The Arginine Binding Protein isolated from Thermotoga maritima (TmArgBP) is a protein endowed with several peculiar properties. We have previously shown that TmArgBP dimerization is a consequence of the swapping of the C-terminal helix. Here we explored the structural determinants of TmArgBP domain swapping and oligomerization. In particular, we report a mutational analysis of the residue Pro235, which is located in the hinge region of the swapping dimer. This residue was either replaced with a Gly-Lys dipeptide (TmArgBP(P235GK)) or a Gly residue (TmArgBP(P235G)). Different forms of these mutants were generated and extensively characterized using biophysical techniques. For both TmArgBP(P235GK) and TmArgBP(P235G) mutants, the occurrence of multiple oligomerization states (monomers, dimers and trimers) was detected. The formation of well-folded monomeric forms for these mutants indicates that the dimerization through C-terminal domain swapping observed in wild-type TmArgBP is driven by conformational restraints imposed by the presence of Pro235 in the hinge region. Molecular dynamics studies corroborate this observation by showing that Gly235 assumes conformational states forbidden for Pro residues in the TmArgBP(P235G) monomer. Unexpectedly, the trimeric forms present: (a) peculiar circular dichroism spectra, (b) a great susceptibility to heating, and (c) the ability to bind the Thioflavin T dye. The present findings clearly demonstrate that single-point mutations have an important impact on the TmArgBP oligomerization process. In a wider context, they also indicate that proteins endowed with an intrinsic propensity to swap have an easy access to states with altered structural and, possibly, functional properties. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Virtuous and vicious virtual water trade with application to Italy.

PubMed

Winter, Julia Anna; Allamano, Paola; Claps, Pierluigi

2014-01-01

The current trade of agricultural goods, with connections involving all continents, entails for global exchanges of "virtual" water, i.e. water used in the production process of alimentary products, but not contained within. Each trade link translates into a corresponding virtual water trade, allowing quantification of import and export fluxes of virtual water. The assessment of the virtual water import for a given nation, compared to the national consumption, could give an approximate idea of the country's reliance on external resources from the food and the water resources point of view. A descriptive approach to the understanding of a nation's degree of dependency from overseas food and water resources is first proposed, and indices of water trade virtuosity, as opposed to inefficiency, are devised. Such indices are based on the concepts of self-sufficiency and relative export, computed systematically on all products from the FAOSTAT database, taking Italy as the first case study. Analysis of time series of the self-sufficiency and relative export can demonstrate effects of market tendencies and influence water-related policies at the international level. The goal of this approach is highlighting incongruent terms in the virtual water balances by the viewpoint of single products. Specific products, which are here referred to as "swap products", are in fact identified as those that lead to inefficiencies in the virtual water balance due to their contemporaneously high import and export. The inefficiencies due to the exchanges of the same products between two nations are calculated in terms of virtual water volumes. Furthermore, the cases of swap products are investigated by computing two further indexes denoting the ratio of virtual water exchanged in the swap and the ratio of the economic values of the swapped products. The analysis of these figures can help examine the reasons behind the swap phenomenon in trade.

Comparison of Standard Automated Perimetry, Short-Wavelength Automated Perimetry, and Frequency-Doubling Technology Perimetry to Monitor Glaucoma Progression

PubMed Central

Hu, Rongrong; Wang, Chenkun; Gu, Yangshun; Racette, Lyne

2016-01-01

Abstract Detection of progression is paramount to the clinical management of glaucoma. Our goal is to compare the performance of standard automated perimetry (SAP), short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), and frequency-doubling technology (FDT) perimetry in monitoring glaucoma progression. Longitudinal data of paired SAP, SWAP, and FDT from 113 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma enrolled in the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study or the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study were included. Data from all tests were expressed in comparable units by converting the sensitivity from decibels to unitless contrast sensitivity and by expressing sensitivity values in percent of mean normal based on an independent dataset of 207 healthy eyes with aging deterioration taken into consideration. Pointwise linear regression analysis was performed and 3 criteria (conservative, moderate, and liberal) were used to define progression and improvement. Global mean sensitivity (MS) was fitted with linear mixed models. No statistically significant difference in the proportion of progressing and improving eyes was observed across tests using the conservative criterion. Fewer eyes showed improvement on SAP compared to SWAP and FDT using the moderate criterion; and FDT detected less progressing eyes than SAP and SWAP using the liberal criterion. The agreement between these test types was poor. The linear mixed model showed a progressing trend of global MS overtime for SAP and SWAP, but not for FDT. The baseline estimate of SWAP MS was significantly lower than SAP MS by 21.59% of mean normal. FDT showed comparable estimation of baseline MS with SAP. SWAP and FDT do not appear to have significant benefits over SAP in monitoring glaucoma progression. SAP, SWAP, and FDT may, however, detect progression in different glaucoma eyes. PMID:26886602

Confusing similar words: ERP correlates of lexical-semantic processing in first language attrition and late second language acquisition.

PubMed

Kasparian, Kristina; Steinhauer, Karsten

2016-12-01

First language (L1) attrition is a socio-linguistic circumstance where second language (L2) learning coincides with changes in exposure and use of the native-L1. Attriters often report experiencing a decline in automaticity or proficiency in their L1 after a prolonged period in the L2 environment, while their L2 proficiency continues to strengthen. Investigating the neurocognitive correlates of attrition alongside those of late L2 acquisition addresses the question of whether the brain mechanisms underlying both L1 and L2 processing are strongly determined by proficiency, irrespective of whether the language was acquired from birth or in adulthood. Using event-related-potentials (ERPs), we examined lexical-semantic processing in Italian L1 attriters, compared to adult Italian L2 learners and to Italian monolingual native speakers. We contrasted the processing of classical lexical-semantic violations (Mismatch condition) with sentences that were equally semantically implausible but arguably trickier, as the target-noun was "swapped" with an orthographic neighbor that differed only in its final vowel and gender-marking morpheme (e.g., cappello (hat) vs. cappella (chapel)). Our aim was to determine whether sentences with such "confusable nouns" (Swap condition) would be processed as semantically correct by late L2 learners and L1 attriters, especially for those individuals with lower Italian proficiency scores. We found that lower-proficiency Italian speakers did not show significant N400 effects for Swap violations relative to correct sentences, regardless of whether Italian was the L1 or the L2. Crucially, N400 response profiles followed a continuum of "nativelikeness" predicted by Italian proficiency scores - high-proficiency attriters and high-proficiency Italian learners were indistinguishable from native controls, whereas attriters and L2 learners in the lower-proficiency range showed significantly reduced N400 effects for "Swap" errors. Importantly, attriters and late L2 learners did not differ in their N400 responses when they belonged to the same proficiency subgroup. Attriters also showed an enhanced P600 response to both kinds of lexical-semantic anomalies, which we discuss as reflecting increased conflict-monitoring and conscious "second thought" processes specifically in attriters. Our findings provide some of the first ERP evidence of attrition effects, and are compatible with accounts of ongoing neuroplasticity for language in adulthood. Proficiency, rather than age-of-acquisition, seems to be the key factor in modulating certain neurocognitive responses, not only within L2 learners but also in L1 attriters. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Color Swapping to Enhance Breast Cancer Digital Images Qualities Using Stain Normalization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muhimmah, Izzati; Puspasari Wijaya, Dhina; Indrayanti

2017-03-01

Histopathology is the disease diagnosis by means of the visual examination of tissues under the microscope. The virtually transparent tissue sections were prepared using a number of colored histochemical stains bound selectively to the cellular components. A variation of colors comes to be a problem in histopathology based upon the microscope lighting for the range of factors. This research aimed to investigate an image enhancement by applying a nonlinear mapping approach to stain normalization and histogram equalization for contrast enhancement. Validation was carried out in 59 datasets with 96.6% accordance and expert justification.

Clues From Pluto's Ions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kohler, Susanna

2016-05-01

Nearly a year ago, in July 2015, the New Horizons spacecraft passed by the Pluto system. The wealth of data amassed from that flyby is still being analyzed including data from the Solar Wind Around Pluto (SWAP) instrument. Recent examination of this data has revealedinteresting new information about Plutos atmosphere and how the solar wind interacts with it.A Heavy Ion TailThe solar wind is a constant stream of charged particles released by the Sun at speeds of around 400 km/s (thats 1 million mph!). This wind travels out to the far reaches of the solar system, interacting with the bodies it encounters along the way.By modeling the SWAP detections, the authors determine the directions of the IMF that could produce the heavy ions detected. Red pixels represent IMF directions permitted. No possible IMF could reproduce the detections if the ions are nitrogen (bottom panels), and only retrograde IMF directions can produce the detections if the ions are methane. [Adapted from Zirnstein et al. 2016]New Horizons data has revealed that Plutos atmosphere leaks neutral nitrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide molecules that sometimes escape its weak gravitational pull. These molecules become ionized and are subsequently picked up by the passing solar wind, forming a tail of heavy ions behind Pluto. The details of the geometry and composition of this tail, however, had not yet been determined.Escaping MethaneIn a recent study led by Eric Zirnstein (Southwest Research Institute), the latest analysis of data from the SWAP instrument on board New Horizons is reported. The team used SWAPs ion detections from just after New Horizons closest approach to Pluto to better understand how the heavy ions around Pluto behave, and how the solar wind interacts with Plutos atmosphere.In the process of analyzing the SWAP data, Zirnstein and collaborators first establish what the majority of the heavy ions picked up by the solar wind are. Models of the SWAP detections indicate they are unlikely to be nitrogen ions, despite nitrogen being the most abundant molecule in Plutos atmosphere. Instead, the detections are likely of methane ions possibly present because methane molecules are lighter, allowing them to more efficiently escape Plutos atmosphere.Reconstructed origins of heavy ions detected by SWAP shortly after New Horizons closest approach to Pluto. Color represents the energy at the time of detection. [Adapted from Zirnstein et al. 2016]Magnetic DirectionNew Horizons does not have a magnetometer on board, which prevented it from making direct measurements of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF; the solar magnetic field extended throughout the solar system) during the Pluto encounter. In spite of this, Zirnstein and collaborators are able to determine the IMF direction using some clever calculations about SWAPs field of view and the energies of heavy ions it detected.They demonstrate that the IMF was likely oriented roughly parallel to the ecliptic plane, and in the opposite direction of Plutos orbital motion, during New Horizons Pluto encounter. This would cause the solar wind to deflect southward around Pluto, resulting in a north-south asymmetry in the heavy ion tail behind Pluto.The new knowledge gained from SWAP about the geometry and the composition of Plutos extended atmosphere will help us to interpret further data from New Horizons. Ultimately, this provides us with a better understanding both of Plutos atmosphere and how the solar wind interacts with bodies in our solar system.CitationE. J. Zirnstein et al 2016 ApJ 823 L30. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/823/2/L30

Design and implementation of a dual-wavelength intrinsic fluorescence camera system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ortega-Martinez, Antonio; Musacchia, Joseph J.; Gutierrez-Herrera, Enoch; Wang, Ying; Franco, Walfre

2017-03-01

Intrinsic UV fluorescence imaging is a technique that permits the observation of spatial differences in emitted fluorescence. It relies on the fluorescence produced by the innate fluorophores in the sample, and thus can be used for marker-less in-vivo assessment of tissue. It has been studied as a tool for the study of the skin, specifically for the classification of lesions, the delimitation of lesion borders and the study of wound healing, among others. In its most basic setup, a sample is excited with a narrow-band UV light source and the resulting fluorescence is imaged with a UV sensitive camera filtered to the emission wavelength of interest. By carefully selecting the excitation/emission pair, we can observe changes in fluorescence associated with physiological processes. One of the main drawbacks of this simple setup is the inability to observe more than a single excitation/emission pair at the same time, as some phenomena are better studied when two or more different pairs are studied simultaneously. In this work, we describe the design and the hardware and software implementation of a dual wavelength portable UV fluorescence imaging system. Its main components are an UV camera, a dual wavelength UV LED illuminator (295 and 345 nm) and two different emission filters (345 and 390 nm) that can be swapped by a mechanical filter wheel. The system is operated using a laptop computer and custom software that performs basic pre-processing to improve the image. The system was designed to allow us to image fluorescent peaks of tryptophan and collagen cross links in order to study wound healing progression.

31 CFR 560.603 - Reports on oil transactions engaged in by foreign affiliates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... transaction means any purchase, sale, or swap of Iranian-origin crude oil or natural gas. For purposes of this paragraph (b), a purchase, sale, or swap is deemed to have occurred as of the date of the bill of lading... each reportable transaction): (i) The nature of the transaction, e.g., purchase, sale, swap; (ii) A...

77 FR 39626 - Further Definition of “Swap Dealer,” “Security-Based Swap Dealer,” “Major Swap Participant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-05

... chapter. * * * * * 0 3. On page 30747, in the third column, correct paragraph (hhh)(6)(iii)(B)(2) to read as follows: Sec. 1.3 Definitions. * * * * * (hhh) * * * (6) * * * (iii) * * * (B) * * * (2) The sum of the amount calculated under paragraph (hhh)(6)(iii)(B)(1) of this section and the product of the...

17 CFR 16.01 - Publication of market data on futures, swaps and options thereon: trading volume, open contracts...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Publication of market data on... MARKETS AND SWAP EXECUTION FACILITIES § 16.01 Publication of market data on futures, swaps and options.... (1) Each reporting market, as defined in part 15 of this chapter, must separately record for each...

17 CFR 16.01 - Publication of market data on futures, swaps and options thereon: trading volume, open contracts...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Publication of market data on... MARKETS AND SWAP EXECUTION FACILITIES § 16.01 Publication of market data on futures, swaps and options.... (1) Each reporting market, as defined in part 15 of this chapter, must separately record for each...

Book Swap Now Open to All Employees | Poster

Cancer.gov

Not only did the year 2000 mark the start of a new millennium, the beginning of the Human Genome Project, and the opening of the International Space Station, but it was also the first year that the Scientific Library held its annual Book & Media Swap. Starting Nov. 12, the 15th annual Book Swap is open to all NCI at Frederick employees.

17 CFR 45.11 - Data reporting for swaps in a swap asset class not accepted by any swap data repository.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... format acceptable to the Commission. (c) Delegation of authority to the Chief Information Officer: The Commission hereby delegates to its Chief Information Officer, until the Commission orders otherwise, the authority set forth in paragraph (c) of this section, to be exercised by the Chief Information Officer or by...

75 FR 34983 - Order (1) Pursuant to Section 4(c) of the Commodity Exchange Act, Permitting the Kansas City...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-21

... Act, Permitting the Kansas City Board of Trade Clearing Corporation To Clear Over-the-Counter Wheat...-the-counter (OTC) swap agreements (swaps) in wheat. Authority for granting this request is found in... grant KCBTCC approval to clear OTC wheat calendar swaps, and it would permit KCBT to list those products...

76 FR 29817 - Further Definition of “Swap,” “Security-Based Swap,” and “Security-Based Swap Agreement”; Mixed...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-23

... present their views more generally on implementation of the Dodd-Frank Act through their Web sites... . The views expressed in the comments in response to the ANPR, in response to the Commissions' informal solicitations, and at such meetings are collectively referred to as the views of ``commenters.'' Based on this...

78 FR 20788 - Dual and Multiple Associations of Persons Associated With Swap Dealers, Major Swap Participants...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-08

... Commission registrants (i.e., FCMs, retail foreign exchange dealers (RFEDs), IBs, CTAs, CPOs, and LTMs), and... FCMs, IBs, CPOs and CTAs and their APs that engage in swaps activity that is subject to Commission...\\ Therefore, the requirements of the RFA do not apply to SDs and MSPs. With respect to CTAs and IBs, the...

Interest rate swaps: financial tool of the '90s.

PubMed

Woodard, M A

1993-11-01

The implementation of prospective payment for capital costs makes it more necessary than ever for healthcare financial managers to be able to creatively balance capital costs with risk. A new financial management tool--the interest rate swap (a contractual agreement in which one party with a fixed interest rate payment liability and another party with a variable interest payment liability agree to trade those obligations)--is proving to be a solution for a growing number of hospital managers. This article describes the uses of interest rate swaps and discusses the variables to be considered when evaluating whether the benefits of an interest rate swap offset the additional risk.

Are reproductive health NGOs in Uganda able to engage in the health SWAp?

PubMed

Mugisha, Frank; Birungi, Harriet; Askew, Ian

2005-01-01

This paper explores the ability for reproductive health (RH) non-governmental organizations (NGO) in Uganda to survive in the context of SWAp and decentralization. The authors argue that, contrary to the perceptions that this context may increase NGO's financial vulnerability, a SWAp and a decentralized system may provide an opportunity that should be embraced by NGOs to enhance their sustainability and effectiveness by reducing their current dependency on donor funding. The paper discusses the systemic weaknesses of many NGOs that currently make them vulnerable, and observes that unless these weaknesses are addressed, such NGOs will lose their space in the SWAp and decentralization arena. The authors suggest that NGOs need to recognize the opportunities that participating in public-private partnerships through a SWAp can offer them for long-term and significant funding. They need also to develop their capacity to pro-actively participate in a SWAp and decentralized context by becoming more entrepreneurial in nature, through re-orienting their organizational philosophies and strategic planning and budgeting so as to be able to partner effectively with the public sector in accessing funds made available through health sector reform.

Simultaneous entanglement swapping of multiple orbital angular momentum states of light.

PubMed

Zhang, Yingwen; Agnew, Megan; Roger, Thomas; Roux, Filippus S; Konrad, Thomas; Faccio, Daniele; Leach, Jonathan; Forbes, Andrew

2017-09-21

High-bit-rate long-distance quantum communication is a proposed technology for future communication networks and relies on high-dimensional quantum entanglement as a core resource. While it is known that spatial modes of light provide an avenue for high-dimensional entanglement, the ability to transport such quantum states robustly over long distances remains challenging. To overcome this, entanglement swapping may be used to generate remote quantum correlations between particles that have not interacted; this is the core ingredient of a quantum repeater, akin to repeaters in optical fibre networks. Here we demonstrate entanglement swapping of multiple orbital angular momentum states of light. Our approach does not distinguish between different anti-symmetric states, and thus entanglement swapping occurs for several thousand pairs of spatial light modes simultaneously. This work represents the first step towards a quantum network for high-dimensional entangled states and provides a test bed for fundamental tests of quantum science.Entanglement swapping in high dimensions requires large numbers of entangled photons and consequently suffers from low photon flux. Here the authors demonstrate entanglement swapping of multiple spatial modes of light simultaneously, without the need for increasing the photon numbers with dimension.

Brightening and Darkening of the Extended Solar Corona during the Superflares of September 2017

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goryaev, Farid F.; Slemzin, Vladimir A.; Rodkin, Denis G.; D’Huys, Elke; Podladchikova, O.; West, Matthew J.

2018-04-01

On 2017 September 6 and 10, the strongest X9.3 and X8.2 flares of the decade occurred in the active region NOAA Active Region 12673. During these flares, the Sun Watcher with Active Pixels and Image Processing (SWAP) telescope on board the Project for Onboard Autonomy 2 (PROBA2) satellite registered the unusual alternate brightening and darkening of the western corona at the heliocentric distances ≈1.2–1.7 R ⊙. The X9.3 flare on 2017 September 6 was accompanied by coronal brightening up to 30%–45% at distances ≈1.35–1.7 R ⊙. Numerical simulations showed that this brightening might be produced by resonant scattering of the flare radiation by the Fe IX–Fe XI ions in the coronal plasma at the temperature T ∼ 0.8–1 MK, and the densities seriously reduced in comparison with the typical values for the quiet background corona probably moving outward with velocities of 30–40 km s‑1. At the maximum of the flare and one hour later, two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) originated, which dimmed the coronal emission in the SWAP 174 Å passband above the western limb by 20%–30%. The X8.2 flare on September 10 was accompanied by a CME, which rose up and progressively dimmed the western part of the corona up to 60%. An hour later the darkening, produced by a global rearrangement of the magnetic field structure and an evacuation of a significant part of the coronal plasma, extended over the complete western limb. A differential emission measure (DEM) analysis showed a decrease in the electron density of the background plasma with T ∼ 1–2 MK at distances 1.24–1.33 R ⊙ by 2–3.5 times after the CME. At the same time, an additional DEM peak at T ≈ 0.8 MK appeared, which may be associated with an additional emission in the SWAP passband produced by the flare radiation resonantly scattered by the coronal plasma.

75 FR 80747 - End-User Exception to Mandatory Clearing of Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-23

...The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (``CFTC'' or ``Commission'') is proposing new requirements governing the elective exception to mandatory clearing of swaps available for swap counterparties meeting certain conditions under Section 2(h)(7) of the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. The Commission is requesting comments on the proposed rule and related matters.

Multivariate Complexity Analysis of Swap Bribery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dorn, Britta; Schlotter, Ildikó

We consider the computational complexity of a problem modeling bribery in the context of voting systems. In the scenario of Swap Bribery, each voter assigns a certain price for swapping the positions of two consecutive candidates in his preference ranking. The question is whether it is possible, without exceeding a given budget, to bribe the voters in a way that the preferred candidate wins in the election.

17 CFR 43.4 - Swap transaction and pricing data to be publicly disseminated in real-time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... the nearest one million; (6) If the notional or principal amount is less than 500 million but equal to... greater than zero up to and including two years; (B) USD 100 million for swaps with a tenor greater than two years up to and including ten years; and (C) USD 75 million for swaps with a tenor greater than...

Techno-Economic Analysis of BEV Service Providers Offering Battery Swapping Services: Preprint

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Neubauer, J.; Pesaran, A.

2013-03-01

Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) offer the potential to reduce both oil imports and greenhouse gas emissions, but high upfront costs, battery-limited vehicle range, and concern over high battery replacement costs may discourage potential buyers. A subscription model in which a service provider owns the battery and supplies access to battery swapping infrastructure could reduce upfront and replacement costs for batteries with a predictable monthly fee, while expanding BEV range. Assessing the costs and benefits of such a proposal are complicated by many factors, including customer drive patterns, the amount of required infrastructure, battery life, etc. The National Renewable Energy Laboratorymore » has applied its Battery Ownership Model to compare the economics and utility of BEV battery swapping service plan options to more traditional direct ownership options. Our evaluation process followed four steps: (1) identifying drive patterns best suited to battery swapping service plans, (2) modeling service usage statistics for the selected drive patterns, (3) calculating the cost-of-service plan options, and (4) evaluating the economics of individual drivers under realistically priced service plans. A service plan option can be more cost-effective than direct ownership for drivers who wish to operate a BEV as their primary vehicle where alternative options for travel beyond the single-charge range are expensive, and a full-coverage-yet-cost-effective regional infrastructure network can be deployed. However, when assumed cost of gasoline, tax structure, and absence of purchase incentives are factored in, our calculations show the service plan BEV is rarely more cost-effective than direct ownership of a conventional vehicle.« less

Techno-Economic Analysis of BEV Service Providers Offering Battery Swapping Services

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Neubauer, J. S.; Pesaran, A.

2013-01-01

Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) offer the potential to reduce both oil imports and greenhouse gas emissions, but high upfront costs, battery-limited vehicle range, and concern over high battery replacement costs may discourage potential buyers. A subscription model in which a service provider owns the battery and supplies access to battery swapping infrastructure could reduce upfront and replacement costs for batteries with a predictable monthly fee, while expanding BEV range. Assessing the costs and benefits of such a proposal are complicated by many factors, including customer drive patterns, the amount of required infrastructure, battery life, etc. The National Renewable Energy Laboratorymore » has applied its Battery Ownership Model to compare the economics and utility of BEV battery swapping service plan options to more traditional direct ownership options. Our evaluation process followed four steps: (1) identifying drive patterns best suited to battery swapping service plans, (2) modeling service usage statistics for the selected drive patterns, (3) calculating the cost-of-service plan options, and (4) evaluating the economics of individual drivers under realistically priced service plans. A service plan option can be more cost-effective than direct ownership for drivers who wish to operate a BEV as their primary vehicle where alternative options for travel beyond the single-charge range are expensive, and a full-coverage-yet-cost-effective regional infrastructure network can be deployed. However, when assumed cost of gasoline, tax structure, and absence of purchase incentives are factored in, our calculations show the service plan BEV is rarely more cost-effective than direct ownership of a conventional vehicle.« less

Low SWaP multispectral sensors using dichroic filter arrays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dougherty, John; Varghese, Ron

2015-06-01

The benefits of multispectral imaging are well established in a variety of applications including remote sensing, authentication, satellite and aerial surveillance, machine vision, biomedical, and other scientific and industrial uses. However, many of the potential solutions require more compact, robust, and cost-effective cameras to realize these benefits. The next generation of multispectral sensors and cameras needs to deliver improvements in size, weight, power, portability, and spectral band customization to support widespread deployment for a variety of purpose-built aerial, unmanned, and scientific applications. A novel implementation uses micro-patterning of dichroic filters1 into Bayer and custom mosaics, enabling true real-time multispectral imaging with simultaneous multi-band image acquisition. Consistent with color image processing, individual spectral channels are de-mosaiced with each channel providing an image of the field of view. This approach can be implemented across a variety of wavelength ranges and on a variety of detector types including linear, area, silicon, and InGaAs. This dichroic filter array approach can also reduce payloads and increase range for unmanned systems, with the capability to support both handheld and autonomous systems. Recent examples and results of 4 band RGB + NIR dichroic filter arrays in multispectral cameras are discussed. Benefits and tradeoffs of multispectral sensors using dichroic filter arrays are compared with alternative approaches - including their passivity, spectral range, customization options, and scalable production.

Flexible-rate optical packet generation/detection and label swapping for optical label switching networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Zhongying; Li, Juhao; Tian, Yu; Ge, Dawei; Zhu, Paikun; Chen, Yuanxiang; Chen, Zhangyuan; He, Yongqi

2017-03-01

In recent years, optical label switching (OLS) gains lots of attentions due to its intrinsic advantages to implement protocol, bit-rate, granularity and data format transparency packet switching. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme to realize flexible-rate optical packet switching for OLS networks. At the transmitter node, flexible-rate packet is generated by parallel modulating different combinations of optical carriers generated from the optical multi-carrier generator (OMCG), among which the low-speed optical label occupies one carrier. At the switching node, label is extracted and re-generated in label processing unit (LPU). The payloads are switched based on routing information and new label is added after switching. At the receiver node, another OMCG serves as local oscillators (LOs) for optical payloads coherent detection. The proposed scheme offers good flexibility for dynamic optical packet switching by adjusting the payload bandwidth and could also effectively reduce the number of lasers, modulators and receivers for packet generation/detection. We present proof-of-concept demonstrations of flexible-rate packet generation/detection and label swapping in 12.5 GHz grid. The influence of crosstalk for cascaded label swapping is also investigated.

A Facile Two-Step Method to Implement N√ {iSWAP} and N√ {SWAP} Gates in a Circuit QED

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Said, T.; Chouikh, A.; Bennai, M.

2018-05-01

We propose a way for implementing a two-step N√ {iSWAP} and N √ {SWAP} gates based on the qubit-qubit interaction with N superconducting qubits, by coupling them to a resonator driven by a strong microwave field. The operation times do not increase with the growth of the qubit number. Due to the virtual excitations of the resonator, the scheme is insensitive to the decay of the resonator. Numerical analysis shows that the scheme can be implemented with high fidelity. Moreover, we propose a detailed procedure and analyze the experimental feasibility. So, our proposal can be experimentally realized in the range of current circuit QED techniques.

Spin-Swapping Transport and Torques in Ultrathin Magnetic Bilayers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saidaoui, Hamed Ben Mohamed; Manchon, A.

2016-07-01

Planar spin transport in disordered ultrathin magnetic bilayers comprising a ferromagnet and a normal metal (typically used for spin pumping, spin Seebeck and spin-orbit torque experiments) is investigated theoretically. Using a tight-binding model that puts the extrinsic spin Hall effect and spin swapping on equal footing, we show that the nature of spin-orbit coupled transport dramatically depends on the ratio between the layer thickness d and the mean free path λ . While the spin Hall effect dominates in the diffusive limit (d ≫λ ), spin swapping dominates in the Knudsen regime (d ≲λ ). A remarkable consequence is that spin swapping induces a substantial fieldlike torque in the Knudsen regime.

More than 3,200 Books and DVDs Donated to Annual Book Swap | Poster

Cancer.gov

Robin Meckley, Contributing Writer The Scientific Library’s 14th Annual Book and Media Swap, held on April 16 in the lobby of Building 549, proved to be a popular event. When the swap was rescheduled from fall 2013 to spring 2014, the library staff was uncertain if the response would be equal to previous years, said Sue Wilson, principal manager of the Scientific Library. NCI

Impact of the Swap It, Don't Stop It Australian National Mass Media Campaign on Promoting Small Changes to Lifestyle Behaviors.

PubMed

O'Hara, Blythe J; Grunseit, Anne; Phongsavan, Philayrath; Bellew, William; Briggs, Megan; Bauman, Adrian E

2016-12-01

Mass media campaigns aimed at influencing lifestyle risk factors are one way that governments are attempting to address chronic disease risk. In Australia, a national campaign aimed at encouraging Australians to make changes in lifestyle-related behaviors was implemented from 2008 to 2011. The first phase, Measure Up (2008-2009), focused on why lifestyle changes are needed by increasing awareness of the link between waist circumference and chronic disease risk. The second phase, Swap It, Don't Stop It (2011), emphasized how adults can change their behaviors. Cross-sectional telephone surveys (after the campaign) were undertaken in July and November 2011 to evaluate the Swap It, Don't Stop It campaign and included measures of campaign awareness and lifestyle-related behavior change. Survey participants (N = 5,097) were similar across the two survey periods. Prompted campaign awareness was 62% (16% for unprompted awareness); females, younger respondents (18-44 years), those in paid employment, and those who spoke English at home were more likely to report prompted/unprompted campaign awareness. Moreover, 16% of survey respondents reported any swapping behavior in the previous 6 months, with the majority (14%) reporting only one swap; younger respondents and those in paid employment were significantly more likely to report having implemented a swapping behavior. The campaign achieved modest population awareness but demonstrated limited effect in terms of nudging behaviors. This evaluation indicates that encouraging swapping behaviors as a prelude to lifestyle change may not result from a mass media campaign alone; a comprehensive multicomponent population approach may be required.

'Change4Life Smart Swaps': quasi-experimental evaluation of a natural experiment.

PubMed

Wrieden, Wendy L; Levy, Louis B

2016-09-01

To evaluate the impact on food purchasing behaviour of the 'Change4Life Smart Swaps' campaign to encourage families to make small changes to lower-fat or lower-sugar versions of commonly eaten foods and drinks. Quasi-experimental study comparing the proportion of swaps made by an intervention group (267 families who had signed up to the 'Smart Swaps' campaign promoted through various media, including television and radio advertising in early 2014) and a comparison group (135 families resident in Wales, signed up for 'Change4Life' materials, but not directly exposed to the 'Smart Swaps' campaign). During weeks 1, 2 and 3 of the campaign participants were asked to record their purchases of dairy products, carbonated drinks and breakfast cereals, using a mobile phone app questionnaire, when making a purchase within the category. England and Wales. Families registered with 'Change4Life'. In weeks 2 and 3 a significantly higher percentage of the intervention group had made 'smart swaps' than the comparison group. After week 3, 58 % of participants had swapped to a lower-fat dairy product compared with 26 % of the comparison group (P<0·001), 32 % of the intervention group had purchased a lower-sugar drink compared with 19 % of the comparison group (P=0·01), and 24 % had made a change to a lower-sugar cereal compared with 12 % of the comparison group (P=0·009). In the short term a national campaign to change purchase habits towards healthier products may have some merit but the sustainability of change requires further investigation.

The use of interest rate swaps by nonprofit organizations: evidence from nonprofit health care providers.

PubMed

Stewart, Louis J; Trussel, John

2006-01-01

Although the use of derivatives, particularly interest rate swaps, has grown explosively over the past decade, derivative financial instrument use by nonprofits has received only limited attention in the research literature. Because little is known about the risk management activities of nonprofits, the impact of these instruments on the ability of nonprofits to raise capital may have significant public policy implications. The primary motivation of this study is to determine the types of derivatives used by nonprofits and estimate the frequency of their use among these organizations. Our study also extends contemporary finance theory by an empirical examination of the motivation for interest rate swap usage among nonprofits. Our empirical data came from 193 large nonprofit health care providers that issued debt to the public between 2000 and 2003. We used a univariate analysis and a multivariate analysis relying on logistic regression models to test alternative explanations of interest rate swaps usage by nonprofits, finding that more than 45 percent of our sample, 88 organizations, used interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional value in excess of $8.3 billion. Our empirical tests indicate the primary motive for nonprofits to use interest rate derivatives is to hedge their exposure to interest rate risk. Although these derivatives are a useful risk management tool, under conditions of falling bond market interest rates these derivatives may also expose a nonprofit swap user to the risk of a material unscheduled termination payment. Finally, we found considerable diversity in the informativeness of footnote disclosure among sample organizations that used interest rate swaps. Many nonprofits did not disclose these risks in their financial statements. In conclusion, we find financial managers in large nonprofits commonly use derivative financial instruments as risk management tools, but the use of interest rate swaps by nonprofits may expose them to other risks that are not adequately disclosed in their financial statements.

Scientific Library’s Book and Media Swap Coming April 16 | Poster

Cancer.gov

By Robin Meckley, Contributing Writer The 14th annual Book and Media Swap will be held on Wednesday, April 16, from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., in the lobby of the Conference Center in Building 549. The staff is holding the swap to coincide with National Library Week, an annual celebration of libraries that occurs in April. As of April 10, the library had collected nearly 2,000 books,

Continuous-Flow In-Line Solvent-Swap Crystallization of Vitamin D3

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

A continuous tandem in-line evaporation–crystallization is presented. The process includes an in-line solvent-swap step, suitable to be coupled to a capillary based cooler. As a proof of concept, this setup is tested in a direct in-line acetonitrile mediated crystallization of Vitamin D3. This configuration is suitable to be coupled to a new end-to-end continuous microflow synthesis of Vitamin D3. By this procedure, vitamin particles can be crystallized in continuous flow and isolated using an in-line continuous filtration step. In one run in just 1 min of cooling time, ∼50% (w/w) crystals of Vitamin D3 are directly obtained. Furthermore, the polymorphic form as well as crystals shape and size properties are described in this paper.

Segment swapping aided the evolution of enzyme function: The case of uroporphyrinogen III synthase.

PubMed

Szilágyi, András; Györffy, Dániel; Závodszky, Péter

2017-01-01

In an earlier study, we showed that two-domain segment-swapped proteins can evolve by domain swapping and fusion, resulting in a protein with two linkers connecting its domains. We proposed that a potential evolutionary advantage of this topology may be the restriction of interdomain motions, which may facilitate domain closure by a hinge-like movement, crucial for the function of many enzymes. Here, we test this hypothesis computationally on uroporphyrinogen III synthase, a two-domain segment-swapped enzyme essential in porphyrin metabolism. To compare the interdomain flexibility between the wild-type, segment-swapped enzyme (having two interdomain linkers) and circular permutants of the same enzyme having only one interdomain linker, we performed geometric and molecular dynamics simulations for these species in their ligand-free and ligand-bound forms. We find that in the ligand-free form, interdomain motions in the wild-type enzyme are significantly more restricted than they would be with only one interdomain linker, while the flexibility difference is negligible in the ligand-bound form. We also estimated the entropy costs of ligand binding associated with the interdomain motions, and find that the change in domain connectivity due to segment swapping results in a reduction of this entropy cost, corresponding to ∼20% of the total ligand binding free energy. In addition, the restriction of interdomain motions may also help the functional domain-closure motion required for catalysis. This suggests that the evolution of the segment-swapped topology facilitated the evolution of enzyme function for this protein by influencing its dynamic properties. Proteins 2016; 85:46-53. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations as an Aid in the Prediction of Domain Swapping of Computationally Designed Protein Variants.

PubMed

Mou, Yun; Huang, Po-Ssu; Thomas, Leonard M; Mayo, Stephen L

2015-08-14

In standard implementations of computational protein design, a positive-design approach is used to predict sequences that will be stable on a given backbone structure. Possible competing states are typically not considered, primarily because appropriate structural models are not available. One potential competing state, the domain-swapped dimer, is especially compelling because it is often nearly identical with its monomeric counterpart, differing by just a few mutations in a hinge region. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide a computational method to sample different conformational states of a structure. Here, we tested whether MD simulations could be used as a post-design screening tool to identify sequence mutations leading to domain-swapped dimers. We hypothesized that a successful computationally designed sequence would have backbone structure and dynamics characteristics similar to that of the input structure and that, in contrast, domain-swapped dimers would exhibit increased backbone flexibility and/or altered structure in the hinge-loop region to accommodate the large conformational change required for domain swapping. While attempting to engineer a homodimer from a 51-amino-acid fragment of the monomeric protein engrailed homeodomain (ENH), we had instead generated a domain-swapped dimer (ENH_DsD). MD simulations on these proteins showed increased B-factors derived from MD simulation in the hinge loop of the ENH_DsD domain-swapped dimer relative to monomeric ENH. Two point mutants of ENH_DsD designed to recover the monomeric fold were then tested with an MD simulation protocol. The MD simulations suggested that one of these mutants would adopt the target monomeric structure, which was subsequently confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Patient SWAP-200 personality dimensions and FFM traits: Do they predict therapist responses?

PubMed

Tanzilli, Annalisa; Lingiardi, Vittorio; Hilsenroth, Mark

2018-05-01

The main aim of this study was to examine the relationship between therapists' emotional responses and patients' personality evaluated by 3 dimensional diagnostic approaches empirically derived from the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure-200 (SWAP-200; Westen & Shedler, 1999a, 1999b): Two of these rely on the 5-factor model (FFM) domains, that were assessed with different SWAP-200 FFM versions developed by Shedler and Westen (SW-FFM scales; 2004) and McCrae, Löckenhoff, and Costa (MLC-FFM scales; 2005); the third approach is based on a multifaceted model of personality syndromes (SWAP personality dimension scales; see Shedler & Westen, 2004). A national sample of psychiatrists and psychologists (N = 166) of various theoretical orientations completed the Therapist Response Questionnaire (TRQ; Zittel Conklin & Westen, 2003) to identify patterns of therapist response, and the SWAP-200 to assess personality regarding a patient currently in their care. The findings showed good levels of construct validity between the SW-FFM and MLC-FFM scales, with the exception of the Openness trait. Moreover, specific SW-FFM and MLC-FFM scales were significantly associated with distinct SWAP personality dimension scales according in a conceptually meaningful nomological network. Although there were significant, theoretically coherent, and systematic relationships between therapists' responses and patients' personality features, overall the contribution of the SW-FFM and MLC-FFM traits in predicting therapists' responses was less sizable than the SWAP personality dimensions. These results seem to confirm the diagnostic and therapeutic value of countertransference as an essential tool in understanding psychological traits/dimensions that underlie the patients' psychopathology, both from within and outside of the FFM. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Green Team Readies for Spring with Plant Swap | Poster

Cancer.gov

By Carolynne Keenan, Contributing Writer Those looking for a cost-effective way to spruce up their yards this spring can stop by the National Cancer Institute at Frederick Green Team’s booth during the Spring Research Festival (SRF) on May 7 and 8. Pick up a free plant, donate overgrown plants from your yard, or swap for a new plant. Everyone is invited to participate in the swap, whether you have plants to donate or not.

Fault tolerance in a supercomputer through dynamic repartitioning

DOEpatents

Chen, Dong; Coteus, Paul W.; Gara, Alan G.; Takken, Todd E.

2007-02-27

A multiprocessor, parallel computer is made tolerant to hardware failures by providing extra groups of redundant standby processors and by designing the system so that these extra groups of processors can be swapped with any group which experiences a hardware failure. This swapping can be under software control, thereby permitting the entire computer to sustain a hardware failure but, after swapping in the standby processors, to still appear to software as a pristine, fully functioning system.

The Annual Fall Book Swap Is On! | Poster

Cancer.gov

The Scientific Library staff is happy to announce that our 17th Annual Book and Media Swap will be held again this year beginning on Wednesday, November 1 from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. in Building 549. If you need to make room for new books, are looking for new homes for your old books, or are tired of viewing those same old DVDs over and over, then the Swap is for you.

Debt-for-nature swaps: A new strategy for protecting environmental interests in developing nations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hamlin, T.B.

1989-01-01

Nature swaps are a generally well-conceived approach to mitigating the destruction of environmentally sensitive areas in developing nations while remaining sensitive to the economic needs of developing countries. They allow developing countries to dedicate some of their debt repayment to local projects, thus benefiting both their economies and the environment. Swaps also help them obtain assistance from environmental organizations in developed nations to manage their own natural resources. Environmentalists, through the purchase of steeply discounted debt, maximize their investment in tropical forest preservation. In addition they can strengthen environmental organizations in developing nations by including local environmentalists in both policymore » decisionmaking and the implementation of conservation projects. Debt-for-nature swaps also keep the subject of tropical deforestation on the agenda of the international community and offer small international lending institutions a socially redeeming means of removing bad loans from their ledgers. Finally, each government's authority to choose its own development objectives is only slightly encumbered by sharing decisionmaking authority with the environmentalists. Essentially, the swapping governments have agreed to cooperate. consequently, tropical forests only have as much protection as the tropical states desire. This does not mean that swaps are of little moment. Hopefully, collaboration between conservationists in the developed world and leaders of the developing nations will contribute to a constructive framework for future efforts to preserve the earth's tropical forests.« less

Confirmation of a traveling feature in Saturn's rings in Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aye, K. M.; Rehnberg, M.; Esposito, L. W.

2017-12-01

Introduction: Using Cassini UVIS occultation data, a traveling wave feature has been identified in the Saturn rings that is most likely caused by the radial positions swap of the moons Janus and Epimetheus [1]. The hypothesis is that non-linear interferences between the density waves when being relocated by the moon swap create a solitary wave that is traveling outward through the rings. The observations in [1] further lead to the derivation of values for the radial travel speeds of the identified traveling features, from 39.6 km/yr for the Janus 5:4 resonance up to 45.8 for the Janus 4:3 resonance. Previous confirmations in ISS data: Work in [1] also identified the feature in Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) data that was taken around the time of the UVIS occultations where the phenomenon was first discovered, so far one ISS image for each Janus resonances 2:1, 4:3, 5:4, and 6:5. Searches performed in ISS data: Filtering all existing ISS data down to the best resolutions that include both a clearly identifiable minimum and maximum ring radius, we have visually inspected approx. 200 images, both with and without known resonances within the image, but unbeknownst to the inspector. Identification of a feature of interest happens when train waves are being interrupted by anomalies. Comparing the radial locations of identified ISS features with those in UV data of [1], we have identified several at the same radii. Considering the vast differences in radial resolution, we conclude that the traveling feature causes observable anomalies at both small scales of meters, up to large scales of hundreds of meters to kilometers.References: [1] Rehnberg, M.E., Esposito, L.W., Brown, Z.L., Albers, N., Sremčević, M., Stewart, G.R., 2016. A Traveling Feature in Saturn's Rings. Icarus, accepted in June 2016. [2] K.-Michael Aye (2016, November 11). michaelaye/pyciss: . v0.6.0 Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.596802

Validation of Soil Water Content Estimation Method on Agricultural Regions in South Korea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shin, Y.; Kim, M.

2016-12-01

The continuous water stress caused by decrease of soil water has a direct influence to the crop growth in a upland crop area. The agricultural drought is occured if water requirement is not supplied timely in crop growh process. It is more important to understand the soil characteristics for high accuracy soil moisture estimation because of the soil water contents largely depends on soil properties. The RDA(Rural Development Administration) has provided real-time soil moisture observations corrected for 71 points in the South Korea. In this study, we developed a soil water content estimation method that considered soil hydraulic parameters for the observation points of soil water content in agricultural regions operated by the RDA. SWAP(Soil-Water-Atmosphere-Plant) model was used in the estimation of soil water contents. The soil hydraulic parameters that is the input data of the SWAP model were estimated using the ROSETTA model developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture(USDA). Meteorological data observed from AWS(Automatic Weather Station) were used including daily maximum temperature(°), daily minimum temperature(°), relative humidity(%), solar radiation, wind speed and precipitation data. We choosed 56 stations there are no missing of meteorological data and have soil physical properties. For the verification of soil water content estimation method, we used Haenam KoFlux observation data that are observed long-term soil water contents over 2009-2015(2014 missing) years. In the case of 2015, there are good reproducibility between observation of soil water contents and results of SWAP model simulation with R2=0.72, RMSE=0.026 and TCC=0.849. In the case of precipitation event, the simulation results were slightly overestimated more than observation. However there are good reproducibility in the case of soil water reduction due to continuous non-precipitation periods. We have simulated the soil water contents of the 56 stations that being operated in the RDA from 4 January 2015 to 31 October 2015 using the SWAP model. The environmental setting of SWAP modle according to the station applied it equally. The results showed a significant difference to the reproducibility according to the observation station.

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-steering swapping between two Gaussian multipartite entangled states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Meihong; Qin, Zhongzhong; Wang, Yu; Su, Xiaolong

2017-08-01

Multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a useful quantum resource for quantum communication in quantum networks. It has potential applications in secure quantum communication, such as one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution and quantum secret sharing. By distributing optical modes of a multipartite entangled state to space-separated quantum nodes, a local quantum network can be established. Based on the existing multipartite EPR steering in a local quantum network, secure quantum communication protocol can be accomplished. In this manuscript, we present swapping schemes for EPR steering between two space-separated Gaussian multipartite entangled states, which can be used to connect two space-separated quantum networks. Two swapping schemes, including the swapping between a tripartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state and an EPR entangled state and that between two tripartite GHZ entangled states, are analyzed. Various types of EPR steering are presented after the swapping of two space-separated independent multipartite entanglement states without direct interaction, which can be used to implement quantum communication between two quantum networks. The presented schemes provide technical reference for more complicated quantum networks with EPR steering.

Non-3D domain swapped crystal structure of truncated zebrafish alphaA crystallin

PubMed Central

Laganowsky, A; Eisenberg, D

2010-01-01

In previous work on truncated alpha crystallins (Laganowsky et al., Protein Sci 2010; 19:1031–1043), we determined crystal structures of the alpha crystallin core, a seven beta-stranded immunoglobulin-like domain, with its conserved C-terminal extension. These extensions swap into neighboring cores forming oligomeric assemblies. The extension is palindromic in sequence, binding in either of two directions. Here, we report the crystal structure of a truncated alphaA crystallin (AAC) from zebrafish (Danio rerio) revealing C-terminal extensions in a non three-dimensional (3D) domain swapped, “closed” state. The extension is quasi-palindromic, bound within its own zebrafish core domain, lying in the opposite direction to that of bovine AAC, which is bound within an adjacent core domain (Laganowsky et al., Protein Sci 2010; 19:1031–1043). Our findings establish that the C-terminal extension of alpha crystallin proteins can be either 3D domain swapped or non-3D domain swapped. This duality provides another molecular mechanism for alpha crystallin proteins to maintain the polydispersity that is crucial for eye lens transparency. PMID:20669149

Improved IR detectors to swap heavy systems for SWaP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manissadjian, Alain; Rubaldo, Laurent; Rebeil, Yann; Kerlain, Alexandre; Brellier, Delphine; Mollard, Laurent

2012-06-01

Cooled IR technologies are challenged for answering new system needs like the compactness and the reduction of cryopower which is a key feature for the SWaP (Size, Weight and Power) requirements. Over the last years, SOFRADIR has improved its HgCdTe technology, with effect on dark current reduction, opening the way for High Operating Temperature (HOT) systems that can get rid of the 80K temperature constraint, and therefore releases the Stirling cooler engine power consumption. Performances of the 640×512 15μm pitch LW detector working above 100K will be presented. A compact 640×512 15μm pitch MW detector presenting high EO performance above 130K with cut-off wavelength above 5.0μm has been developed. Its different performances with respect to the market requirements for SWaP will be discussed. High performance compact systems will make no compromise on detector resolution. The pixel pitch reduction is the answer for resolution enhancement with size reduction. We will therefore also discuss the ongoing developments and market needs for SWaP systems.

Understanding Financial Innovation: An Introduction to Derivative Financial Products.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robinson, J. N.

1992-01-01

Explains the use of forwards, futures, swaps, and options in international currency trading. Argues that pricing options are based on the same basic principles as pricing other financial instruments. Concludes that, although financial markets have developed several new products, hedging and speculation involve similar processes. (CFR)

Collaboration between Writers and Graphic Designers in Documentation Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mirel, Barbara; And Others

1995-01-01

Analyzes collaborations between software manual writers and graphic designers to discover how their processes of collaboration directly affect the form of a finished manual. Identifies three models of collaboration: assembly line (linear drafting), swap meet (iterative drafting and joint problem solving), and symphony (codevelopment in every…

Efficient quantum circuits for one-way quantum computing.

PubMed

Tanamoto, Tetsufumi; Liu, Yu-Xi; Hu, Xuedong; Nori, Franco

2009-03-13

While Ising-type interactions are ideal for implementing controlled phase flip gates in one-way quantum computing, natural interactions between solid-state qubits are most often described by either the XY or the Heisenberg models. We show an efficient way of generating cluster states directly using either the imaginary SWAP (iSWAP) gate for the XY model, or the sqrt[SWAP] gate for the Heisenberg model. Our approach thus makes one-way quantum computing more feasible for solid-state devices.

17 CFR 240.3a68-4 - Regulation of mixed swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

....S.C. 78c(a)(68)(D)). (b) Regulation of bilateral uncleared mixed swaps entered into by dually...(f) and 12; (B) Enforcement: 7 U.S.C. 2(a)(1)(B), 6(b), 6b, 6c, 6s(h)(1)(A), 6s(h)(4)(A), 9, 13b, 13a-1, 13a-2, 13, 13c(a), 13c(b), 15 and 26; (C) Reporting to a swap data repository: 7 U.S.C. 6r; (D...

Screening for learning disabilities in young adult career counseling.

PubMed

Kasler, Jon; Fawcett, Angela

2009-01-01

The Strengths and Weaknesses Academic Profile (SWAP) was constructed in Israel in response to the local need of career counselors for a valid, reliable, comprehensive, parsimonious, and computerized screening device for identifying those likely to be at risk of learning disabilities (LD). The method chosen was self-report. A set of cognitive items was written and divided into seven scales: reading, writing, attention and memory, computation, English as a foreign language (EFL), study skills, and self-image. The screening tool was validated on a research sample in Sheffield, UK, based on comparison of the results obtained from the screening with the results of standardized diagnosis of learning disabilities administered to the respondents. The questionnaire was administered to 39 students, half of them diagnosed for dyslexia and half tested and found to be free of dyslexia. Results indicate that SWAP is a reliable and valid questionnaire, with a classification power of approximately 90%. The questionnaire is now widely used in Israel, where an Internet site has been constructed to administer the questionnaire and provide immediate and direct results.

Structure of the EMMPRIN N-terminal domain 1: Dimerization via [beta]-strand swapping

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Luo, Jinquan; Teplyakov, Alexey; Obmolova, Galina

2010-09-27

Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), also known as Hab18G, CD147, Basigin, M6, and neurothelin, is a membrane glycoprotein expressed on the surface of various cell types and many cancer cells. EMMPRIN stimulates adjacent fibroblasts and tumor cells to produce matrix metalloproteinases and plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, spermatogensis and fertilization, cell-cell adhesion and communication, and other biological processes (reviewed in Ref. 1 and references therein). It was demonstrated that the EMMPRIN extracellular domain (ECD), which structurally belongs to the IgG superfamily, can form homo-oligomers in a cis dependent manner and the N-terminal domain 1 (residuesmore » 22-101) was necessary and sufficient to mediate this interaction. The crystal structure of the ECD of recombinant human EMMPRIN (Hab18G/CD147) expressed in E. coli was reported at 2.8 {angstrom} resolution (Yu et al. 2008). The construct consists of residues 22-205 of the mature protein and has both an N-terminal IgC2 domain (ND1, residues 22-101) and a C-terminal IgC2 domain (ND2, residues 107-205). The two domains are joined by a five amino acid residue linker that constitutes a flexible hinge between the two domains. The crystal form has four copies of the molecule in the asymmetric unit, each of which has a different inter-domain angle that varies from 121{sup o} to 144{sup o}. The two domains each have a conserved disulfide bridge and both are comprised of two {beta}-sheets formed by strands EBA and GFCC, and DEBA and AGFCC for ND1 and ND2, respectively. Based on the crystal packing in this structure, the authors proposed that lateral packing between the two IgG domains of EMMPRIN ECD represents a potential mechanism for cell adhesion. Here we report the 2.0-{angstrom} crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of EMMPRIN ECD (ND1) expressed in mammalian cells. The overall structure of the domain is very similar to that in the full length ECD. Quite unexpectedly, ND1 forms a dimer mediated through the exchange of its last {beta}-strand (strand G). {beta}-strand swapping, which is a subset of 3D domain swapping, has been found to mediate cell-cell adhesion by cadherins. 3D domain swapping has been proposed to be a mechanism of protein oligomerization, aggregation, evolution of oligomeric proteins from single domains and amyloidogenesis. In domain swapped proteins, the same structural elements are involved in the final 3D structure, and so there is little overall energetic difference between the monomer and the swapped oligomers. However, there is often a high energy barrier for the conversion as it often goes through an unfolded state. It is also possible that strand-swapping occurs during folding of nascent polypeptide chains. Frequently, the exchange hinges contain proline-rich motifs which are often in high strain conformations. Domain swapping appears to be a strategy to resolve such local structural strain. The exchange hinge of ND1 contains a Pro-Glu-Pro tripeptide motif. Both of the proline residues adopt extended trans conformations, when compared with cis in the full-length ECD structure. Proline cis-trans isomerization may be the driving force for this exchange. Strand-exchanged dimerization may be a mechanism for the oligomerization of EMMPRIN ECD and its cis-dependent homophilic interactions in cell-cell adhesion.« less

75 FR 57740 - Sunshine Act Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-22

... the time frame for reporting pre-enactment unexpired swaps to a swap data repository or to the... governance arrangements and mitigation of conflicts of interest. CONTACT PERSON FOR MORE INFORMATION: David A...

Signatures of the electron saddle swaps mechanism in the photon spectra following charge-exchange collisions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Otranto, Sebastian

2014-10-01

During the last few years, several experimental and theoretical studies have focused on state selective charge exchange processes between charged ions and alkali metals. These data are of particular importance for the tokamak nuclear fusion reactor program, since diagnostics on the plasma usually rely on charge-exchange spectroscopy. In this sense, alkali metals, have been proposed as potential alternatives to excited hydrogen/deuterium for which laboratory experiments are not feasible at present. In this talk, we present our recent work involving ion collisions with alkali metals. Oscillatory structures in the angular differential charge-exchange cross sections obtained using the MOTRIMS technique are correctly described by classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations. These oscillations are found to originate from the number of swaps the electron undergoes around the projectile-target potential saddle before capture takes place and are very prominent at impact energies below 10 keV/amu. Moreover, cross sections of higher order of differentiability also indicate that the swaps leave distinctive signatures in the (n,l)-state selective cross sections and in the photon line emission cross sections. Oscillatory structures for the x-ray hardness ratio parameter are also predicted. In collaboration with Ronnie Hoekstra, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen and Ronald Olson, Department of Physics, Missouri University of Science and Technology.

Constructions of secure entanglement channels assisted by quantum dots inside single-sided optical cavities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heo, Jino; Kang, Min-Sung; Hong, Chang-Ho; Choi, Seong-Gon; Hong, Jong-Phil

2017-08-01

We propose quantum information processing schemes to generate and swap entangled states based on the interactions between flying photons and quantum dots (QDs) confined within optical cavities for quantum communication. To produce and distribute entangled states (Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger [GHZ] states) between the photonic qubits of flying photons of consumers (Alice and Bob) and electron-spin qubits of a provider (trust center, or TC), the TC employs the interactions of the QD-cavity system, which is composed of a charged QD (negatively charged exciton) inside a single-sided cavity. Subsequently, the TC constructs an entanglement channel (Bell state and 4-qubit GHZ state) to link one consumer with another through entanglement swapping, which can be realized to exploit a probe photon with interactions of the QD-cavity systems and single-qubit measurements without Bell state measurement, for quantum communication between consumers. Consequently, the TC, which has quantum nodes (QD-cavity systems), can accomplish constructing the entanglement channel (authenticated channel) between two separated consumers from the distributions of entangled states and entanglement swapping. Furthermore, our schemes using QD-cavity systems, which are feasible with a certain probability of success and high fidelity, can be experimentally implemented with technology currently in use.

Prodomain–growth factor swapping in the structure of pro-TGF-β1

PubMed Central

Xu, Shutong; Dong, Xianchi; Lu, Chafen; Springer, Timothy A.

2018-01-01

TGF-β is synthesized as a proprotein that dimerizes in the endoplasmic reticulum. After processing in the Golgi to cleave the N-terminal prodomain from the C-terminal growth factor (GF) domain in each monomer, pro-TGF-β is secreted and stored in latent complexes. It is unclear which prodomain and GF monomer are linked before proprotein convertase cleavage and how much conformational change occurs following cleavage. We have determined a structure of pro-TGF-β1 with the proprotein convertase cleavage site mutated to mimic the structure of the TGF-β1 proprotein. Structure, mutation, and model building demonstrate that the prodomain arm domain in one monomer is linked to the GF that interacts with the arm domain in the other monomer in the dimeric structure (i.e. the prodomain arm domain and GF domain in each monomer are swapped). Swapping has important implications for the mechanism of biosynthesis in the TGF-β family and is relevant to the mechanism for preferential formation of heterodimers over homodimers for some members of the TGF-β family. Our structure, together with two previous ones, also provides insights into which regions of the prodomain–GF complex are highly structurally conserved and which are perturbed by crystal lattice contacts. PMID:29109152

Stabilization, Characterization, and Selective Removal of Cystatin C Amyloid Oligomers*

PubMed Central

Östner, Gustav; Lindström, Veronica; Hjort Christensen, Per; Kozak, Maciej; Abrahamson, Magnus; Grubb, Anders

2013-01-01

The pathophysiological process in amyloid disorders usually involves the transformation of a functional monomeric protein via potentially toxic oligomers into amyloid fibrils. The structure and properties of the intermediary oligomers have been difficult to study due to their instability and dynamic equilibrium with smaller and larger species. In hereditary cystatin C amyloid angiopathy, a cystatin C variant is deposited in arterial walls and cause brain hemorrhage in young adults. In the present investigation, we use redox experiments of monomeric cystatin C, stabilized against domain swapping by an intramolecular disulfide bond, to generate stable oligomers (dimers, trimers, tetramers, decamers, and high molecular weight oligomers). These oligomers were characterized concerning size by gel filtration, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry, shape by electron and atomic force microscopy, and, function by assays of their capacity to inhibit proteases. The results showed the oligomers to be highly ordered, domain-swapped assemblies of cystatin C and that the oligomers could not build larger oligomers, or fibrils, without domain swapping. The stabilized oligomers were used to induce antibody formation in rabbits. After immunosorption, using immobilized monomeric cystatin C, and elution from columns with immobilized cystatin C oligomers, oligomer-specific antibodies were obtained. These could be used to selectively remove cystatin C dimers from biological fluids containing both dimers and monomers. PMID:23629649

17 CFR 1.4 - Electronic signatures, acknowledgments and verifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... commission merchant or introducing broker, a retail forex customer of a retail foreign exchange dealer or..., retail forex customer, participant, client, counterparty, swap dealer, or major swap participant will be...

17 CFR 1.4 - Electronic signatures, acknowledgments and verifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... commission merchant or introducing broker, a retail forex customer of a retail foreign exchange dealer or..., retail forex customer, participant, client, counterparty, swap dealer, or major swap participant will be...

17 CFR 23.603 - Business continuity and disaster recovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

..., facilities, infrastructure, personnel and competencies essential to the continued operations of the swap.... The individuals identified shall be authorized to make key decisions on behalf of the swap dealer or...

17 CFR 23.603 - Business continuity and disaster recovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

..., facilities, infrastructure, personnel and competencies essential to the continued operations of the swap.... The individuals identified shall be authorized to make key decisions on behalf of the swap dealer or...

Entanglement swapping with independent sources over an optical-fiber network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Qi-Chao; Mao, Ya-Li; Jiang, Yang-Fan; Zhao, Qi; Chen, Si-Jing; Zhang, Wei; Zhang, Wei-Jun; Jiang, Xiao; Chen, Teng-Yun; You, Li-Xing; Li, Li; Huang, Yi-Dong; Chen, Xian-Feng; Wang, Zhen; Ma, Xiongfeng; Zhang, Qiang; Pan, Jian-Wei

2017-03-01

Establishing entanglement between two remote systems by the method of entanglement swapping is an essential step for a long-distance quantum network. Here we report a field-test entanglement swapping experiment with two independent telecommunication band entangled photon-pair sources over an optical fiber network in Hefei. The two sources are located at two nodes that are 12.5 km apart and the Bell-state measurement is performed at a third location which is connected to the two source nodes with 14.7-km and 10.6-km optical fibers, respectively. The observed average visibility is 79.9 ±4.8 % , which is sufficient for the violation of Bell inequalities. Furthermore, with the swapped entanglement, we demonstrate a source-independent quantum key distribution, which is also immune to any detection attacks at the measurement site.

Austerity and the "sector-wide approach" to health: The Mozambique experience.

PubMed

Pfeiffer, James; Gimbel, Sarah; Chilundo, Baltazar; Gloyd, Stephen; Chapman, Rachel; Sherr, Kenneth

2017-08-01

Fiscal austerity policies imposed by the IMF have reduced investments in social services, leaving post-independence nations like Mozambique struggling to recover from civil war and high disease burden. By 2000, a sector-wide approach (SWAp) was promoted to maximize aid effectiveness. 'Like-minded' bilateral donors, from Europe and Canada, promoted a unified approach to health sector support focusing on joint planning, common basket funding, and streamlined monitoring and evaluation to improve sector coordination, amplify country ownership, and build sustainable health systems. Notable donors - including US government and the Global Fund - did not participate in the SWAp, and increased vertical funding weakened the SWAp in favor of non-governmental organizations (NGOs). In spite of some success in harmonizing aid to the health sector, the SWAp experience in Mozambique demonstrates how continued austerity regimes that severely constrain public spending will continue to undermine health system strengthening in Africa, even in the midst of high levels of foreign aid with the ostensible purpose of strengthening those systems. The SWAp story provides a poignant illustration of how continued austerity will impede progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3); "Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all". However, the SWAp continues to offer an alternative model to health system support that can provide a foundation for resistance to renewed austerity measures. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

CLEARING MAGNET DESIGN FOR APS-U

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abliz, M.; Grimmer, J.; Jaski, Y.

2017-06-25

The Advanced Photon Source is in the process of developing an upgrade (APS-U) of the storage ring. The upgrade will be converting the current double bend achromat (DBA) lattice to a multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice. In addition, the storage ring will be operated at 6 GeV and 200 mA with regular swap-out injection to keep the stored beam current constant [1]. The swap-out injection will take place with beamline shutters open. For radiation safety to ensure that no electrons can exit the storage ring, a passive method of protecting the beamline and containing the electrons inside the storage ring ismore » proposed. A clearing magnet will be located in all beamline front ends inside the storage ring tunnel. This article will discuss the features and design of the clearing magnet scheme for APS-U.« less

76 FR 27801 - Capital Requirements of Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-12

...The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission or CFTC) is proposing regulations that would implement the new statutory framework in the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA), added by the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act). These new provisions of the CEA require, among other things, the Commission to adopt capital requirements for certain swap dealers (SDs) and major swap participants (MSPs). The proposed rules also provide for related financial condition reporting and recordkeeping by SDs and MSPs. The Commission further proposes to amend existing capital and financial reporting regulations for futures commission merchants (FCMs) that also register as SDs or MSPs. The proposed regulations also include requirements for supplemental FCM financial reporting to reflect section 724 of the Dodd-Frank Act. In order to align the comment periods for this proposed rule and the Commission's earlier proposed rulemaking on margin requirements for uncleared swaps,\\1\\ the comment period for the proposed margin rulemaking is being extended elsewhere in the Federal Register today, so that commenters will have the opportunity to review the proposed capital and margin rules together before the expiration of the comment periods for either proposed rule. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Data Analysis of a Space Experiment: Common Software Tackles Uncommon Task

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilkinson, R. Allen

1998-01-01

Presented here are the software adaptations developed by laboratory scientists to process the space experiment data products from three experiments on two International Microgravity Laboratory Missions (IML-1 and IML-2). The challenge was to accommodate interacting with many types of hardware and software developed by both European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA aerospace contractors, where data formats were neither commercial nor familiar to scientists. Some of the data had been corrupted by bit shifting of byte boundaries. Least-significant/most-significant byte swapping also occurred as might be expected for the various hardware platforms involved. The data consisted of 20 GBytes per experiment of both numerical and image data. A significant percentage of the bytes were consumed in NASA formatting with extra layers of packetizing structure. It was provided in various pieces to the scientists on magnetic tapes, Syquest cartridges, DAT tapes, CD-ROMS, analog video tapes, and by network FIP. In this paper I will provide some science background and present the software processing used to make the data useful in the months after the missions.

The Annual Fall Book Swap Is On! | Poster

Cancer.gov

The Scientific Library staff is happy to announce that our 17th Annual Book and Media Swap will be held again this year beginning on Wednesday, November 1 from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. in Building 549. If you need to make room for new books, are looking for new homes for your old books, or are tired of viewing those same old DVDs over and over, then the Swap is for you. Collection for materials has already begun, but donations will continue to be accepted through Tuesday, October 31.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Balakrishnan, S.; Sankaranarayanan, R.

Nonlocal two-qubit gates are geometrically represented by tetrahedron known as Weyl chamber within which perfect entanglers form a polyhedron. We identify that all edges of the Weyl chamber and polyhedron are formed by single parametric gates. Nonlocal attributes of these edges are characterized using entangling power and local invariants. In particular, SWAP{sup -{alpha}} family of gates with 0{<=}{alpha}{<=}1 constitutes one edge of the Weyl chamber with SWAP{sup -1/2} being the only perfect entangler. Finally, optimal constructions of controlled-NOT using SWAP{sup -1/2} gate and gates belong to three edges of the polyhedron are presented.

77 FR 20127 - Swap Dealer and Major Swap Participant Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Duties Rules; Futures...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-03

... between research and trading and between clearing and trading. Finally, these regulations also require... compared to the costs involved. ISDA & SIFMA provided the Commission with no quantitative data regarding...

The effect of interest rate derivative transactions on debt savings for not-for-profit health systems.

PubMed

Venkataramani, Prakash; Johnson, Tricia; O'Neil, Patricia; Poindexter, Victoria; Rooney, Jeffrey

2006-01-01

The utilization of interest rate derivative instruments in US for-profit companies has grown exponentially since the early 1980s. International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. (ISDA), reported that the amount of outstanding standard swaps grew by 25 percent during the first six months of 2003. The growth rate of all interest rate derivatives, which includes single-currency interest rate swaps, cross-currency interest rate swaps, and interest rate options, grew by 24 percent during the same period. The total outstanding amount of interest rate derivatives now totals $123.9 trillion compared to $99.9 trillion at the end of 2002 (Dodd, 2003). This explosion in usage is a testament to the efficacy and flexibility of the instruments and the increased appreciation by financial managers of the importance of financial risk management in a volatile interest rate environment.

Deterministically Entangling Two Remote Atomic Ensembles via Light-Atom Mixed Entanglement Swapping

PubMed Central

Liu, Yanhong; Yan, Zhihui; Jia, Xiaojun; Xie, Changde

2016-01-01

Entanglement of two distant macroscopic objects is a key element for implementing large-scale quantum networks consisting of quantum channels and quantum nodes. Entanglement swapping can entangle two spatially separated quantum systems without direct interaction. Here we propose a scheme of deterministically entangling two remote atomic ensembles via continuous-variable entanglement swapping between two independent quantum systems involving light and atoms. Each of two stationary atomic ensembles placed at two remote nodes in a quantum network is prepared to a mixed entangled state of light and atoms respectively. Then, the entanglement swapping is unconditionally implemented between the two prepared quantum systems by means of the balanced homodyne detection of light and the feedback of the measured results. Finally, the established entanglement between two macroscopic atomic ensembles is verified by the inseparability criterion of correlation variances between two anti-Stokes optical beams respectively coming from the two atomic ensembles. PMID:27165122

Neural activity in relation to empirically derived personality syndromes in depression using a psychodynamic fMRI paradigm

PubMed Central

Taubner, Svenja; Wiswede, Daniel; Kessler, Henrik

2013-01-01

Objective: The heterogeneity between patients with depression cannot be captured adequately with existing descriptive systems of diagnosis and neurobiological models of depression. Furthermore, considering the highly individual nature of depression, the application of general stimuli in past research efforts may not capture the essence of the disorder. This study aims to identify subtypes of depression by using empirically derived personality syndromes, and to explore neural correlates of the derived personality syndromes. Materials and Methods: In the present exploratory study, an individually tailored and psychodynamically based functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm using dysfunctional relationship patterns was presented to 20 chronically depressed patients. Results from the Shedler–Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP-200) were analyzed by Q-factor analysis to identify clinically relevant subgroups of depression and related brain activation. Results: The principle component analysis of SWAP-200 items from all 20 patients lead to a two-factor solution: “Depressive Personality” and “Emotional-Hostile-Externalizing Personality.” Both factors were used in a whole-brain correlational analysis but only the second factor yielded significant positive correlations in four regions: a large cluster in the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the left ventral striatum, a small cluster in the left temporal pole, and another small cluster in the right middle frontal gyrus. Discussion: The degree to which patients with depression score high on the factor “Emotional-Hostile-Externalizing Personality” correlated with relatively higher activity in three key areas involved in emotion processing, evaluation of reward/punishment, negative cognitions, depressive pathology, and social knowledge (OFC, ventral striatum, temporal pole). Results may contribute to an alternative description of neural correlates of depression showing differential brain activation dependent on the extent of specific personality syndromes in depression. PMID:24363644

High operating temperature IR-modules with reduced pitch for SWaP sensitive applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Breiter, R.; Wendler, J.; Lutz, H.; Rutzinger, S.; Ihle, T.; Ziegler, J.; Rühlich, I.

2011-06-01

Low size, weight and power (SWaP) are the most critical requirements for portable thermal imagers like weapon sights or handheld observations devices. On the other hand due to current asymmetrical conflicts there are high requirements for the e/o performance of these devices providing the ability to distinguish between combatants and non-combatants in adequate ranges. Despite of all the success with uncooled technology, such requirements usually still require cooled detectors. AIM has developed a family of thermal weapon sights called HuntIR and RangIR based on high performance cooled IR-modules which are used e.g. in the infantryman of the future program of the German army (IdZ). The specific capability of these devices is a high ID range >1500m for tank targets being suitable in use as thermal sights for .50 cal rifles like the G82, targeting units for the 40mm AGL or for night observation. While such ranges sound far beyond the operational needs in urban operations, the a.m. specific needs of asymmetric warfare require sometimes even more range performance. High operating temperature (HOT) is introduced in the AIM MCT 640x512/15μm MWIR or LWIR modules for further reduction of cooler power consumption, shorter cooldown times and higher MTTF. As a key component to keep performance while further reducing SWaP AIM is developing a new cooled MCT IR-module with reduced pitch of 12 μm operating at a temperature >120 K. The module will provide full TV format with 640x480 elements sensitive in the MWIR spectral band. The paper will show recent results of AIM IR-modules with high operating temperature and the impact of design regarding the IR-module itself and thermal sights making use of it.

77 FR 22825 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; Notice of Filing and Order...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-17

... Proposed Rule Change Regarding Acceptance of Additional Interest Rate Swaps and Related Interbank Rates for... organization offering interest rate swap (``IRS'') clearing services. More specifically, the proposed rule... Dollar (``AUD'') [[Page 22826

Impacts and Future of the California Fuel Tax Swap of 2010.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-05-01

California's Gas Tax Swap remains controversial, and the issue is compounded by the States current need to finance some $59 billion worth of backlogged highway maintenance projects. Even before the Governor Schwarzenegger made his proposal, there ...

77 FR 58899 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; Notice of Filing and Order...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-24

...; Overnight Index Swaps (``OIS'') denominated in USD, EUR, GBP and Japanese Yen (``JPY'') with Termination... Termination Dates up to 50 years; Overnight Index Swaps (``OIS'') denominated in USD, EUR, GBP and Japanese...

78 FR 43785 - Exemptive Order Regarding Compliance With Certain Swap Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-22

... the MSP definition in Commission regulation 1.3(hhh). When a person holds swap positions above those...(ggg)(4) or in its calculation of whether it is an MSP for purposes of Commission regulation 1.3(hhh...

Understanding your capital options.

PubMed

Payne, Christopher T

2012-05-01

When planning capital expenditures, hospitals and health systems should understand the following financing considerations: Traditional fixed-rate tax-exempt bonds; Variable-rate financing alternatives; Basel III Accord requirements; Direct tax-exempt bank loans; Total return swaps Taxable financings; Interest-rate swaps and collateral requirements

78 FR 19339 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE Clear Credit LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-29

... Circular Related to Swap Data Repository Reporting March 21, 2013. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the... (``CFTC'') Part 43 and Part 45 regulations (Swap Data Repository Reporting) (``ICC Circular 2013/005...

Can we scan the supernova model space for collective oscillations?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pehlivan, Y., E-mail: yamac.pehlivan@msgsu.edu.tr; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588; Subaşı, A. L.

Collective neutrino oscillations in a core collapse supernova is a many-body phenomenon which can transform the neutrino energy spectra through emergent effects. One example of this behavior is the neutrino spectral swaps in which neutrinos of different flavors partially or completely exchange their spectra. In this talk, we address the question of how model dependent this behavior is. In particular, we demonstrate that these swaps may be independent of the mean field approximation that is typically employed in numerical treatments by showing an example of a spectral swap in the exact many-body picture.

Correlation between Macular Thickness and Visual Field in Early Open Angle Glaucoma: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PubMed

Fallahi Motlagh, Behzad; Sadeghi, Ali

2017-01-01

The aim of this study was to correlate macular thickness and visual field parameters in early glaucoma. A total of 104 eyes affected with early glaucoma were examined in a cross-sectional, prospective study. Visual field testing using both standard automated perimetry (SAP) and shortwave automated perimetry (SWAP) was performed. Global visual field parameters, including mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD), were recorded and correlated with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)-measured macular thickness and asymmetry. Average macular thickness correlated significantly with all measures of visual field including MD-SWAP (r = 0.42), MD-SAP (r = 0.41), PSD-SWAP (r = -0.23), and PSD-SAP (r = -0.21), with P-values <0.001 for all correlations. The mean MD scores (using both SWAP and SAP) were significantly higher in the eyes with thin than in those with intermediate average macular thickness. Intraeye (superior macula thickness - inferior macula thickness) asymmetries correlated significantly with both PSD-SWAP (r = 0.63, P < 0.001) and PSD-SAP (r = 0.26, P = 0.01) scores. This study revealed a significant correlation between macular thickness and visual field parameters in early glaucoma. The results of this study should make macular thickness measurements even more meaningful to glaucoma specialists.

Dude Looks like a Lady: Gender Swapping in an Online Game

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huh, Searle; Williams, Dmitri

After reviewing the literature on online identity construction and developing a set of theory-based hypotheses, this chapter employs a novel combination of survey data and game-generated behavioral logs to examine gender swapping in EverQuest II. Gender swapping is defined as a difference between the gender reported by the player in the survey from the gender of the player's main character in the game. Motivations for play were measured using Yee's condensed MMO motivations scale, and behavioral logs supplied four main measures of gender-stereotypical in-game behaviors. Contrary to expectations, gender swapping was less common among female players, and swapping was rather rare in general. Homosexual players were more likely to change their online gender than straight players. Performance and socialization motivations for play did not differ significantly between swappers and nonswappers. Men who play female characters were not more likely to engage in stereotypically female acts than men who play male characters; however, women who played male characters did display a degree of hyper-masculine behavior. Some of these findings suggest that there may be less of the identity exploration or challenging of gender norms than some had expected, but the female population of players may be bimodal, composed of stereotypically female and male-leaning subgroups.

Universal Quantum Computing with Arbitrary Continuous-Variable Encoding.

PubMed

Lau, Hoi-Kwan; Plenio, Martin B

2016-09-02

Implementing a qubit quantum computer in continuous-variable systems conventionally requires the engineering of specific interactions according to the encoding basis states. In this work, we present a unified formalism to conduct universal quantum computation with a fixed set of operations but arbitrary encoding. By storing a qubit in the parity of two or four qumodes, all computing processes can be implemented by basis state preparations, continuous-variable exponential-swap operations, and swap tests. Our formalism inherits the advantages that the quantum information is decoupled from collective noise, and logical qubits with different encodings can be brought to interact without decoding. We also propose a possible implementation of the required operations by using interactions that are available in a variety of continuous-variable systems. Our work separates the "hardware" problem of engineering quantum-computing-universal interactions, from the "software" problem of designing encodings for specific purposes. The development of quantum computer architecture could hence be simplified.

Universal Quantum Computing with Arbitrary Continuous-Variable Encoding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lau, Hoi-Kwan; Plenio, Martin B.

2016-09-01

Implementing a qubit quantum computer in continuous-variable systems conventionally requires the engineering of specific interactions according to the encoding basis states. In this work, we present a unified formalism to conduct universal quantum computation with a fixed set of operations but arbitrary encoding. By storing a qubit in the parity of two or four qumodes, all computing processes can be implemented by basis state preparations, continuous-variable exponential-swap operations, and swap tests. Our formalism inherits the advantages that the quantum information is decoupled from collective noise, and logical qubits with different encodings can be brought to interact without decoding. We also propose a possible implementation of the required operations by using interactions that are available in a variety of continuous-variable systems. Our work separates the "hardware" problem of engineering quantum-computing-universal interactions, from the "software" problem of designing encodings for specific purposes. The development of quantum computer architecture could hence be simplified.

A quantum Fredkin gate.

PubMed

Patel, Raj B; Ho, Joseph; Ferreyrol, Franck; Ralph, Timothy C; Pryde, Geoff J

2016-03-01

Minimizing the resources required to build logic gates into useful processing circuits is key to realizing quantum computers. Although the salient features of a quantum computer have been shown in proof-of-principle experiments, difficulties in scaling quantum systems have made more complex operations intractable. This is exemplified in the classical Fredkin (controlled-SWAP) gate for which, despite theoretical proposals, no quantum analog has been realized. By adding control to the SWAP unitary, we use photonic qubit logic to demonstrate the first quantum Fredkin gate, which promises many applications in quantum information and measurement. We implement example algorithms and generate the highest-fidelity three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states to date. The technique we use allows one to add a control operation to a black-box unitary, something that is impossible in the standard circuit model. Our experiment represents the first use of this technique to control a two-qubit operation and paves the way for larger controlled circuits to be realized efficiently.

Low power multi-camera system and algorithms for automated threat detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huber, David J.; Khosla, Deepak; Chen, Yang; Van Buer, Darrel J.; Martin, Kevin

2013-05-01

A key to any robust automated surveillance system is continuous, wide field-of-view sensor coverage and high accuracy target detection algorithms. Newer systems typically employ an array of multiple fixed cameras that provide individual data streams, each of which is managed by its own processor. This array can continuously capture the entire field of view, but collecting all the data and back-end detection algorithm consumes additional power and increases the size, weight, and power (SWaP) of the package. This is often unacceptable, as many potential surveillance applications have strict system SWaP requirements. This paper describes a wide field-of-view video system that employs multiple fixed cameras and exhibits low SWaP without compromising the target detection rate. We cycle through the sensors, fetch a fixed number of frames, and process them through a modified target detection algorithm. During this time, the other sensors remain powered-down, which reduces the required hardware and power consumption of the system. We show that the resulting gaps in coverage and irregular frame rate do not affect the detection accuracy of the underlying algorithms. This reduces the power of an N-camera system by up to approximately N-fold compared to the baseline normal operation. This work was applied to Phase 2 of DARPA Cognitive Technology Threat Warning System (CT2WS) program and used during field testing.

Least significant qubit algorithm for quantum images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sang, Jianzhi; Wang, Shen; Li, Qiong

2016-11-01

To study the feasibility of the classical image least significant bit (LSB) information hiding algorithm on quantum computer, a least significant qubit (LSQb) information hiding algorithm of quantum image is proposed. In this paper, we focus on a novel quantum representation for color digital images (NCQI). Firstly, by designing the three qubits comparator and unitary operators, the reasonability and feasibility of LSQb based on NCQI are presented. Then, the concrete LSQb information hiding algorithm is proposed, which can realize the aim of embedding the secret qubits into the least significant qubits of RGB channels of quantum cover image. Quantum circuit of the LSQb information hiding algorithm is also illustrated. Furthermore, the secrets extracting algorithm and circuit are illustrated through utilizing control-swap gates. The two merits of our algorithm are: (1) it is absolutely blind and (2) when extracting secret binary qubits, it does not need any quantum measurement operation or any other help from classical computer. Finally, simulation and comparative analysis show the performance of our algorithm.

Uncooled Terahertz real-time imaging 2D arrays developed at LETI: present status and perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Simoens, François; Meilhan, Jérôme; Dussopt, Laurent; Nicolas, Jean-Alain; Monnier, Nicolas; Sicard, Gilles; Siligaris, Alexandre; Hiberty, Bruno

2017-05-01

As for other imaging sensor markets, whatever is the technology, the commercial spread of terahertz (THz) cameras has to fulfil simultaneously the criteria of high sensitivity and low cost and SWAP (size, weight and power). Monolithic silicon-based 2D sensors integrated in uncooled THz real-time cameras are good candidates to meet these requirements. Over the past decade, LETI has been studying and developing such arrays with two complimentary technological approaches, i.e. antenna-coupled silicon bolometers and CMOS Field Effect Transistors (FET), both being compatible to standard silicon microelectronics processes. LETI has leveraged its know-how in thermal infrared bolometer sensors in developing a proprietary architecture for THz sensing. High technological maturity has been achieved as illustrated by the demonstration of fast scanning of large field of view and the recent birth of a commercial camera. In the FET-based THz field, recent works have been focused on innovative CMOS read-out-integrated circuit designs. The studied architectures take advantage of the large pixel pitch to enhance the flexibility and the sensitivity: an embedded in-pixel configurable signal processing chain dramatically reduces the noise. Video sequences at 100 frames per second using our 31x31 pixels 2D Focal Plane Arrays (FPA) have been achieved. The authors describe the present status of these developments and perspectives of performance evolutions are discussed. Several experimental imaging tests are also presented in order to illustrate the capabilities of these arrays to address industrial applications such as non-destructive testing (NDT), security or quality control of food.

17 CFR 49.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... data repository. (10) Position. The term “position” means the gross and net notional amounts of open... Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SWAP DATA REPOSITORIES... directly, or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the swap data...

75 FR 59666 - Agricultural Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-28

..., grain sorghums, mill feeds, butter, eggs, Solanum tuberosum (Irish potatoes), wool, wool tops, fats and oils (including lard, tallow, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, and all other fats and oils... the Commodity Exchange Act (a) Permitting Eligible Swap Participants To Submit for Clearing and ICE...

77 FR 41110 - Exemptive Order Regarding Compliance With Certain Swap Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-12

... delay compliance with certain entity-level requirements of the CEA (and Commission regulations promulgated thereunder), subject to specified conditions. Additionally, with respect to transaction-level.... major swap participants may delay compliance with certain entity-level requirements of the CEA (and...

17 CFR 39.5 - Review of swaps for Commission determination on clearing requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... publicly; (vi) Risk management procedures, including measurement and monitoring of credit exposures... derivative clearing organization's ability to manage the risks associated with clearing the swap, especially... of rule framework, capacity, operational expertise and resources, and credit support infrastructure...

17 CFR 39.5 - Review of swaps for Commission determination on clearing requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... publicly; (vi) Risk management procedures, including measurement and monitoring of credit exposures... derivative clearing organization's ability to manage the risks associated with clearing the swap, especially... of rule framework, capacity, operational expertise and resources, and credit support infrastructure...

76 FR 43851 - Large Trader Reporting for Physical Commodity Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-22

... position, or gross long and gross short futures equivalent positions on a non-delta-adjusted basis if the... from clearing organizations, clearing members and swap dealers and apply non-routine reporting... implementing and conducting effective surveillance of economically equivalent physical commodity futures...

17 CFR 23.23-23.40 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false [Reserved] 23.23-23.40 Section 23.23-23.40 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Registration §§ 23.23-23.40 [Reserved] ...

17 CFR 23.1-23.20 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false [Reserved] 23.1-23.20 Section 23.1-23.20 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Reserved §§ 23.1-23.20 [Reserved] ...

17 CFR 23.23-23.40 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false [Reserved] 23.23-23.40 Section 23.23-23.40 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Registration §§ 23.23-23.40 [Reserved] ...

17 CFR 23.23-23.40 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false [Reserved] 23.23-23.40 Section 23.23-23.40 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Registration §§ 23.23-23.40 [Reserved] ...

17 CFR 37.12 - Trade execution compliance schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Trade execution compliance... EXECUTION FACILITIES General Provisions § 37.12 Trade execution compliance schedule. (a) A swap transaction... days after the available-to-trade determination submission or certification for that swap is...

17 CFR 37.1000 - Core Principle 10-Recordkeeping and reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... records relating to swaps defined in section 1a(47)(A)(v) of the Act open to inspection and examination by the Securities and Exchange Commission. (b) Requirements. The Commission shall adopt data collection... requirements for derivatives clearing organizations and swap data repositories. ...

76 FR 4751 - Position Limits for Derivatives

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-26

... designated contract markets (``DCM'') and physical commodity swaps that are economically equivalent to such... non-spot-month limits based on open interest levels as well as establishing Commission-determined spot...''), swaps that are economically equivalent to DCM futures and option contracts with position limits, and...

76 FR 65999 - Effective Date for Swap Regulation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-25

... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Chapter 1 Effective Date for Swap Regulation AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission. ACTION: Notice of proposed amendment. SUMMARY: On July 14, 2011, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (``CFTC'' or the ``Commission'') issued a final order (``July 14 Order...

Domain-Swapped Dimers of Intracellular Lipid-Binding Proteins: Evidence for Ordered Folding Intermediates.

PubMed

Assar, Zahra; Nossoni, Zahra; Wang, Wenjing; Santos, Elizabeth M; Kramer, Kevin; McCornack, Colin; Vasileiou, Chrysoula; Borhan, Babak; Geiger, James H

2016-09-06

Human Cellular Retinol Binding Protein II (hCRBPII), a member of the intracellular lipid-binding protein family, is a monomeric protein responsible for the intracellular transport of retinol and retinal. Herein we report that hCRBPII forms an extensive domain-swapped dimer during bacterial expression. The domain-swapped region encompasses almost half of the protein. The dimer represents a novel structural architecture with the mouths of the two binding cavities facing each other, producing a new binding cavity that spans the length of the protein complex. Although wild-type hCRBPII forms the dimer, the propensity for dimerization can be substantially increased via mutation at Tyr60. The monomeric form of the wild-type protein represents the thermodynamically more stable species, making the domain-swapped dimer a kinetically trapped entity. Hypothetically, the wild-type protein has evolved to minimize dimerization of the folding intermediate through a critical hydrogen bond (Tyr60-Glu72) that disfavors the dimeric form. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Reed-Solomon decoder

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lahmeyer, Charles R. (Inventor)

1987-01-01

A Reed-Solomon decoder with dedicated hardware for five sequential algorithms was designed with overall pipelining by memory swapping between input, processing and output memories, and internal pipelining through the five algorithms. The code definition used in decoding is specified by a keyword received with each block of data so that a number of different code formats may be decoded by the same hardware.

Formation of a White-Light Jet Within a Quadrupolar Magnetic Configuration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Filippov, Boris; Koutchmy, Serge; Tavabi, Ehsan

2013-08-01

We analyze multi-wavelength and multi-viewpoint observations of a large-scale event viewed on 7 April 2011, originating from an active-region complex. The activity leads to a white-light jet being formed in the outer corona. The topology and evolution of the coronal structures were imaged in high resolution using the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). In addition, large field-of-view images of the corona were obtained using the Sun Watcher using Active Pixel System detector and Image Processing (SWAP) telescope onboard the PRoject for Onboard Autonomy (PROBA2) microsatellite, providing evidence for the connectivity of the coronal structures with outer coronal features that were imaged with the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) C2 on the S olar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The data sets reveal an Eiffel-tower type jet configuration extending into a narrow jet in the outer corona. The event starts from the growth of a dark area in the central part of the structure. The darkening was also observed in projection on the disk by the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory-Ahead (STEREO-A) spacecraft from a different point of view. We assume that the dark volume in the corona descends from a coronal cavity of a flux rope that moved up higher in the corona but still failed to erupt. The quadrupolar magnetic configuration corresponds to a saddle-like shape of the dark volume and provides a possibility for the plasma to escape along the open field lines into the outer corona, forming the white-light jet.

77 FR 70213 - Capital, Margin, and Segregation Requirements for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-23

...In accordance with the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (``Dodd-Frank Act''), the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission''), pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Exchange Act''), is proposing capital and margin requirements for security-based swap dealers (``SBSDs'') and major security-based swap participants (``MSBSPs''), segregation requirements for SBSDs, and notification requirements with respect to segregation for SBSDs and MSBSPs. The Commission also is proposing to increase the minimum net capital requirements for broker-dealers permitted to use the alternative internal model-based method for computing net capital (``ANC broker-dealers'').

75 FR 80637 - Business Conduct Standards for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants With Counterparties

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-22

... Acting as Counterparties to Special Entities 1. Qualifications of the Independent Representative 2. Statutory Disqualification 3. Independent 4. Best Interests 5. Makes Appropriate and Timely Disclosures 6... Contributions by Independent Representative of a Municipal Entity 9. Unqualified Independent Representative 10...

17 CFR 4.34 - General disclosures required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... the commodity trading advisor may engage in retail forex transactions pursuant to the offered trading... pursuant to such program (including retail forex and swap transactions, if any). (h) Trading program. A... difference between bid and asked prices on retail forex or swap transactions, the trading advisor must...

17 CFR 4.34 - General disclosures required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... the commodity trading advisor may engage in retail forex transactions pursuant to the offered trading... pursuant to such program (including retail forex and swap transactions, if any). (h) Trading program. A... difference between bid and asked prices on retail forex or swap transactions, the trading advisor must...

17 CFR 38.11 - Trade execution compliance schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Trade execution compliance... DESIGNATED CONTRACT MARKETS General Provisions § 38.11 Trade execution compliance schedule. (a) A swap... (2) Thirty days after the available-to-trade determination submission or certification for that swap...

12 CFR 237.22 - Transition period for insured depository institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... quantitative and qualitative impacts of divestiture or cessation of swap or security-based swaps activities on the insured depository institution, including information that addresses the factors in paragraph (d... consideration of the factors in paragraph (c) of this section. (c) Factors governing Board determinations. In...

78 FR 909 - Further Proposed Guidance Regarding Compliance With Certain Swap Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-07

... establish a new regulatory framework for swaps. The legislation was enacted to reduce systemic risk... increase understanding of each other's regulatory approaches and to harmonize the cross-border approaches... may lead to divergent approaches to cross-border activities. The Commission also recognizes the...

17 CFR 23.500 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... market value or net present value of a swap. [77 FR 55960, Sept. 11, 2012] ... notional value of some or all of the swaps submitted by the counterparties for inclusion in the portfolio... whose combined notional value (or some other measure of risk) is less than the combined notional value...

17 CFR 23.500 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... market value or net present value of a swap. [77 FR 55960, Sept. 11, 2012] ... notional value of some or all of the swaps submitted by the counterparties for inclusion in the portfolio... whose combined notional value (or some other measure of risk) is less than the combined notional value...

78 FR 42572 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-16

... Change Regarding Interest Rate Swap Clearing Changes July 10, 2013. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the... a derivatives clearing organization offering interest rate swap (``IRS'') clearing services. More... the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and currently offers clearing services for interest rate...

77 FR 66211 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-02

... audited by independent public accountants to all CDS Clearing Members engaged in security-based swap... clearing security-based swaps a report by independent public accountants regarding CME Group's system of... CME Group Inc. by independent public accountant regarding its system of internal accounting control...

75 FR 4626 - Order Granting a Temporary Exemption From Certain Government Securities Act Provisions and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-28

... accommodate customer clearing of credit default swaps that reference government securities. Treasury is also... regulations impose obligations concerning financial responsibility, protection of customer securities and... clearance of credit default swaps (CDS)\\8\\ transactions on behalf of customers of ICE Trust clearing members...

77 FR 65177 - Swap Data Repositories: Interpretative Statement Regarding the Confidentiality and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-25

... participation in standard-setting bodies to develop international standards relevant to the swap markets. Cloud Strategix, LLC (``Cloud Strategix''), representing the data hosting and cloud computing industry, in... Roundtable, June 6, 2012; (iii) Cloud Strategix, LLC, June 5, 2012; and (iv) the Depository Trust & Clearing...

Lessons Learned from a Collaborative Sensor Web Prototype

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ames, Troy; Case, Lynne; Krahe, Chris; Hess, Melissa; Hennessy, Joseph F. (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

This paper describes the Sensor Web Application Prototype (SWAP) system that was developed for the Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO). The SWAP is aimed at providing an initial engineering proof-of-concept prototype highlighting sensor collaboration, dynamic cause-effect relationship between sensors, dynamic reconfiguration, and remote monitoring of sensor webs.

78 FR 21046 - Amendment to Rule Filing Requirements for Dually-Registered Clearing Agencies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-09

... relating to foreign currency, or, in general, any instrument commonly known as a `security'; or any..., potentially, energy and foreign exchange swaps.\\35\\ CME raised concerns that, by omitting swaps and certain... substantial potential delays'' when implementing rule changes that deal with products over which the...

17 CFR 1.35 - Records of commodity interest and related cash or forward transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... merchants, retail foreign exchange dealers, introducing brokers, and members of designated contract markets..., introducing broker, and member of a designated contract market or swap execution facility shall keep full... member of a designated contract market or swap execution facility must retain and produce for inspection...

17 CFR 1.35 - Records of commodity interest and related cash or forward transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... merchants, retail foreign exchange dealers, introducing brokers, and members of designated contract markets..., introducing broker, and member of a designated contract market or swap execution facility shall keep full... member of a designated contract market or swap execution facility must retain and produce for inspection...

76 FR 1213 - Core Principles and Other Requirements for Swap Execution Facilities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-07

... Part II Commodity Futures Trading Commission 17 CFR Part 37 Core Principles and Other Requirements... RIN Number 3038-AD18 Core Principles and Other Requirements for Swap Execution Facilities AGENCY... Compliance With the Core Principles III. Effective Date and Transition Period IV. Related Matters A...

Green Team News and Upcoming Events | Poster

Cancer.gov

By Melissa Porter, Staff Writer Spring Plant Swap 2013 This past October, you may have seen several members of the Green Team standing in front of Building 549 giving out free plants or offering to take extra plants off your hands—this was the first Green Team Fall Plant Swap.

17 CFR 50.25 - Clearing requirement compliance schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... major security-based swap participant; or an active fund. Category 2Entity means a commodity pool; a... beneficial owner to clear swaps. (b) Upon issuing a clearing requirement determination under section 2(h)(2... Entity, or any other entity that desires to clear the transaction, must comply with the requirements of...

17 CFR 50.50 - Exceptions to the clearing requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... the reduction of risks in the conduct and management of a commercial enterprise, where the risks arise... causes to be provided, the information specified in paragraph (b) of this section to a registered swap data repository or, if no registered swap data repository is available to receive the information from...

17 CFR 50.50 - Exceptions to the clearing requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... management of a commercial enterprise, where the risks arise from: (A) The potential change in the value of... information specified in paragraph (b) of this section to a registered swap data repository or, if no registered swap data repository is available to receive the information from the reporting counterparty, to...

17 CFR 37.1400 - Core Principle 14-System safeguards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... procedures, and automated systems, that: (1) Are reliable and secure; and (2) Have adequate scalable capacity... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Core Principle 14-System... SWAP EXECUTION FACILITIES System Safeguards § 37.1400 Core Principle 14—System safeguards. The swap...

17 CFR 23.451 - Political contributions by certain swap dealers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... any person who supervises, directly or indirectly, such employee; and (iii) Any political action... Special Entity for the swap dealer and any person who supervises, directly or indirectly, such employee...) After learning of the contribution: (A) Has taken all available steps to cause the contributor involved...

17 CFR 23.451 - Political contributions by certain swap dealers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... any person who supervises, directly or indirectly, such employee; and (iii) Any political action... Special Entity for the swap dealer and any person who supervises, directly or indirectly, such employee...) After learning of the contribution: (A) Has taken all available steps to cause the contributor involved...

17 CFR 23.451 - Political contributions by certain swap dealers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... any person who supervises, directly or indirectly, such employee; and (iii) Any political action... Special Entity for the swap dealer and any person who supervises, directly or indirectly, such employee...) After learning of the contribution: (A) Has taken all available steps to cause the contributor involved...

17 CFR 39.15 - Treatment of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... members and customers; (J) An analysis of the ability of the derivatives clearing organization to manage a... the criteria that would be used to define eligible futures, options, and swaps; (B) Analysis of the...) Analysis of the liquidity of the respective markets for the futures, options, and swaps that would be...

17 CFR 39.15 - Treatment of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... members and customers; (J) An analysis of the ability of the derivatives clearing organization to manage a... the criteria that would be used to define eligible futures, options, and swaps; (B) Analysis of the...) Analysis of the liquidity of the respective markets for the futures, options, and swaps that would be...

17 CFR 39.15 - Treatment of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... members and customers; (J) An analysis of the ability of the derivatives clearing organization to manage a... the criteria that would be used to define eligible futures, options, and swaps; (B) Analysis of the...) Analysis of the liquidity of the respective markets for the futures, options, and swaps that would be...

17 CFR 39.12 - Participant and product eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... a customer that: (A) Discloses to the futures commission merchant or any swap dealer or major swap participant the identity of a customer's original executing counterparty; (B) Limits the number of counterparties with whom a customer may enter into trades; (C) Restricts the size of the position a customer may...

77 FR 42559 - End-User Exception to the Clearing Requirement for Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-19

...-owners to support their general business activities, rather than to finance purchases from its member... using non-cleared swaps to hedge risks associated with their underlying business, such as manufacturing... (IPM&CSA) stated that the end-user exception should be narrowly tailored to businesses that produce...

Geospatial Video Monitoring of Benthic Habitats Using the Shallow-Water Positioning System (SWaPS)

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

established from the video frames collected using SWaPS. C) Cover contours for the seagrass Thalassia testudinum. A B C surveyed using a spatial grid...distributions of seagrass species within this area are clearly influenced by their tolerance to salinity patterns. Thalassia testudinum, a species

17 CFR 39.12 - Participant and product eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... a customer that: (A) Discloses to the futures commission merchant or any swap dealer or major swap participant the identity of a customer's original executing counterparty; (B) Limits the number of counterparties with whom a customer may enter into trades; (C) Restricts the size of the position a customer may...

17 CFR 37.900 - Core Principle 9-Timely publication of trading information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... publication of trading information. 37.900 Section 37.900 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP EXECUTION FACILITIES Timely Publication of Trading Information § 37.900 Core Principle 9—Timely publication of trading information. (a) In general. The swap execution facility shall...

75 FR 71379 - Registration of Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-23

.... Presently, all registered futures commission merchants (``FCMs''), introducing brokers (``IBs''), retail...., FCMs, IBs, RFEDs, CPOs and CTAs. The information called for includes the firm's full legal name and... Commission registrants (e.g., FCMs, IBs, RFEDs, CPOs or CTAs) are required to be registered. The term...

Inexpensive Neutron Imaging Cameras Using CCDs for Astronomy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hewat, A. W.

We have developed inexpensive neutron imaging cameras using CCDs originally designed for amateur astronomical observation. The low-light, high resolution requirements of such CCDs are similar to those for neutron imaging, except that noise as well as cost is reduced by using slower read-out electronics. For example, we use the same 2048x2048 pixel ;Kodak; KAI-4022 CCD as used in the high performance PCO-2000 CCD camera, but our electronics requires ∼5 sec for full-frame read-out, ten times slower than the PCO-2000. Since neutron exposures also require several seconds, this is not seen as a serious disadvantage for many applications. If higher frame rates are needed, the CCD unit on our camera can be easily swapped for a faster readout detector with similar chip size and resolution, such as the PCO-2000 or the sCMOS PCO.edge 4.2.

Security of fragile authentication watermarks with localization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fridrich, Jessica

2002-04-01

In this paper, we study the security of fragile image authentication watermarks that can localize tampered areas. We start by comparing the goals, capabilities, and advantages of image authentication based on watermarking and cryptography. Then we point out some common security problems of current fragile authentication watermarks with localization and classify attacks on authentication watermarks into five categories. By investigating the attacks and vulnerabilities of current schemes, we propose a variation of the Wong scheme18 that is fast, simple, cryptographically secure, and resistant to all known attacks, including the Holliman-Memon attack9. In the new scheme, a special symmetry structure in the logo is used to authenticate the block content, while the logo itself carries information about the block origin (block index, the image index or time stamp, author ID, etc.). Because the authentication of the content and its origin are separated, it is possible to easily identify swapped blocks between images and accurately detect cropped areas, while being able to accurately localize tampered pixels.

77 FR 74775 - Extension of Dates for Certain Requirements and Amendment of Form 19b-4

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-18

...] RIN 3235-AK87 Extension of Dates for Certain Requirements and Amendment of Form 19b-4 AGENCY... security-based swap submissions with the Commission in an electronic format to dedicated email addresses to December 10, 2013, and amend the General Instructions to Form 19b-4 to clarify the process for submitting...

Playing RNase P evolution: swapping the RNA catalyst for a protein reveals functional uniformity of highly divergent enzyme forms.

PubMed

Weber, Christoph; Hartig, Andreas; Hartmann, Roland K; Rossmanith, Walter

2014-08-01

The RNase P family is a diverse group of endonucleases responsible for the removal of 5' extensions from tRNA precursors. The diversity of enzyme forms finds its extremes in the eukaryal nucleus where RNA-based catalysis by complex ribonucleoproteins in some organisms contrasts with single-polypeptide enzymes in others. Such structural contrast suggests associated functional differences, and the complexity of the ribonucleoprotein was indeed proposed to broaden the enzyme's functionality beyond tRNA processing. To explore functional overlap and differences between most divergent forms of RNase P, we replaced the nuclear RNase P of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a 10-subunit ribonucleoprotein, with Arabidopsis thaliana PRORP3, a single monomeric protein. Surprisingly, the RNase P-swapped yeast strains were viable, displayed essentially unimpaired growth under a wide variety of conditions, and, in a certain genetic background, their fitness even slightly exceeded that of the wild type. The molecular analysis of the RNase P-swapped strains showed a minor disturbance in tRNA metabolism, but did not point to any RNase P substrates or functions beyond that. Altogether, these results indicate the full functional exchangeability of the highly dissimilar enzymes. Our study thereby establishes the RNase P family, with its combination of structural diversity and functional uniformity, as an extreme case of convergent evolution. It moreover suggests that the apparently gratuitous complexity of some RNase P forms is the result of constructive neutral evolution rather than reflecting increased functional versatility.

Heralded high-efficiency quantum repeater with atomic ensembles assisted by faithful single-photon transmission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Tao; Deng, Fu-Guo

2015-10-01

Quantum repeater is one of the important building blocks for long distance quantum communication network. The previous quantum repeaters based on atomic ensembles and linear optical elements can only be performed with a maximal success probability of 1/2 during the entanglement creation and entanglement swapping procedures. Meanwhile, the polarization noise during the entanglement distribution process is harmful to the entangled channel created. Here we introduce a general interface between a polarized photon and an atomic ensemble trapped in a single-sided optical cavity, and with which we propose a high-efficiency quantum repeater protocol in which the robust entanglement distribution is accomplished by the stable spatial-temporal entanglement and it can in principle create the deterministic entanglement between neighboring atomic ensembles in a heralded way as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics. Meanwhile, the simplified parity-check gate makes the entanglement swapping be completed with unity efficiency, other than 1/2 with linear optics. We detail the performance of our protocol with current experimental parameters and show its robustness to the imperfections, i.e., detuning and coupling variation, involved in the reflection process. These good features make it a useful building block in long distance quantum communication.

Heralded high-efficiency quantum repeater with atomic ensembles assisted by faithful single-photon transmission.

PubMed

Li, Tao; Deng, Fu-Guo

2015-10-27

Quantum repeater is one of the important building blocks for long distance quantum communication network. The previous quantum repeaters based on atomic ensembles and linear optical elements can only be performed with a maximal success probability of 1/2 during the entanglement creation and entanglement swapping procedures. Meanwhile, the polarization noise during the entanglement distribution process is harmful to the entangled channel created. Here we introduce a general interface between a polarized photon and an atomic ensemble trapped in a single-sided optical cavity, and with which we propose a high-efficiency quantum repeater protocol in which the robust entanglement distribution is accomplished by the stable spatial-temporal entanglement and it can in principle create the deterministic entanglement between neighboring atomic ensembles in a heralded way as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics. Meanwhile, the simplified parity-check gate makes the entanglement swapping be completed with unity efficiency, other than 1/2 with linear optics. We detail the performance of our protocol with current experimental parameters and show its robustness to the imperfections, i.e., detuning and coupling variation, involved in the reflection process. These good features make it a useful building block in long distance quantum communication.

Heralded high-efficiency quantum repeater with atomic ensembles assisted by faithful single-photon transmission

PubMed Central

Li, Tao; Deng, Fu-Guo

2015-01-01

Quantum repeater is one of the important building blocks for long distance quantum communication network. The previous quantum repeaters based on atomic ensembles and linear optical elements can only be performed with a maximal success probability of 1/2 during the entanglement creation and entanglement swapping procedures. Meanwhile, the polarization noise during the entanglement distribution process is harmful to the entangled channel created. Here we introduce a general interface between a polarized photon and an atomic ensemble trapped in a single-sided optical cavity, and with which we propose a high-efficiency quantum repeater protocol in which the robust entanglement distribution is accomplished by the stable spatial-temporal entanglement and it can in principle create the deterministic entanglement between neighboring atomic ensembles in a heralded way as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics. Meanwhile, the simplified parity-check gate makes the entanglement swapping be completed with unity efficiency, other than 1/2 with linear optics. We detail the performance of our protocol with current experimental parameters and show its robustness to the imperfections, i.e., detuning and coupling variation, involved in the reflection process. These good features make it a useful building block in long distance quantum communication. PMID:26502993

75 FR 76573 - Swap Data Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-08

..., counterparties verify the primary or essential economic terms of their swap with each other in some fashion... Omissions in Previously Reported Data Appendix 1 to Part 45--Tables of Minimum Primary Economic Terms Data..., as a response to the global economic crisis, the G-20 met in Washington. In September 2009, G-20...

75 FR 65881 - Ownership Limitations and Governance Requirements for Security-Based Swap Clearing Agencies...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-26

... or make available for trading security-based swaps: Nancy Burke-Sanow, Assistant Director, at (202... Cong. (2008) (Statement of Erik Sirri, Director of the Division of Trading and Markets, Commission..., 2009, and letter from Ann K. Shuman, Managing Director and Deputy General Counsel, CME, to Elizabeth...

78 FR 70610 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change Relating...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-26

...-traded futures contracts, options on futures contracts and swap agreements. Generally, derivatives are... to invest in derivative instruments, such as options contracts, futures contracts and swap agreements... derivatives will allow the Fund to selectively add diversifying sources of return from selling options. Option...

78 FR 30800 - Reopening of Comment Periods for Certain Proposed Rulemaking Releases and Policy Statements...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-23

..., among other things: (1) The registration and comprehensive oversight of security-based swap dealers and... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 17 CFR Parts 240, 242, and 249 [Release No. 34-69491; File Nos... Releases and Policy Statements Applicable to Security-Based Swaps AGENCY: Securities and Exchange...

78 FR 14870 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; Notice of Filing and Order...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-07

... Proposed Rule Change Regarding Acceptance of Additional Interest Rate Swaps for Clearing March 1, 2013... amend rules related to its business as a derivatives clearing organization offering interest rate swap... this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons and to approve the...

17 CFR 151.11 - Designated contract market and swap execution facility position limits and accountability rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Designated contract market and swap execution facility position limits and accountability rules. (a) Spot... rules and procedures for monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater... monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater than 25 percent of estimated...

17 CFR 151.11 - Designated contract market and swap execution facility position limits and accountability rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Designated contract market and swap execution facility position limits and accountability rules. (a) Spot... rules and procedures for monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater... monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater than 25 percent of estimated...

76 FR 65783 - Registration of Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security-Based Swap Participants

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-24

... Act Rules and Forms A. Registration Application and Amendment 1. Proposed Rule 15Fb2-1 i. Form of Application ii. Senior Officer Certification iii. Electronic Filing iv. Standards for Granting or Denying Applications v. Request for Comment on Additional Registration Considerations 2. Amendments to Application...

76 FR 36287 - Temporary Exemptions and Other Temporary Relief, Together With Information on Compliance Dates...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-22

... Econ. Dep't, Bank for Int'l Settlements, Triennial and Semiannual Surveys--Positions in Global Over-the...-Based Swap Data Repository Registration, Duties, and Core Principles, 75 FR 77305 (Dec. 10, 2010..., duties, and core principles for SB SEFs. See Registration and Regulation of Security-Based Swap Execution...

76 FR 80233 - Amendment to July 14, 2011 Order for Swap Regulation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-23

... amendment to agricultural swaps; and, (3) the expiry date applicable to exempt commercial markets (``ECMs... on exempt and excluded commodities, may trade on either a DCM, ECM or exempt board of trade (``EBOT... agricultural commodities on ECMs or EBOTs.\\35\\ Nothing in the Notice or the Commission's recently promulgated...

17 CFR 23.600 - Risk Management Program for swap dealers and major swap participants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... at the consolidated entity level. (iii) The Risk Management Program shall include policies and...; and whether the product requires a novel pricing methodology or presents novel legal and regulatory... management unit, as to whether the new product would materially alter the overall entity-wide risk profile of...

17 CFR 23.600 - Risk Management Program for swap dealers and major swap participants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... at the consolidated entity level. (iii) The Risk Management Program shall include policies and...; and whether the product requires a novel pricing methodology or presents novel legal and regulatory... management unit, as to whether the new product would materially alter the overall entity-wide risk profile of...

17 CFR 140.72 - Delegation of authority to disclose confidential information to a registered entity, swap...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

..., registered futures association or self-regulatory organization. 140.72 Section 140.72 Commodity and... or self-regulatory organization. (a) Pursuant to the authority granted under sections 2(a)(11), 8a(5... execution facility, swap data repository, registered futures association, or self-regulatory organization as...

76 FR 34920 - Exemptions for Security-Based Swaps Issued by Certain Clearing Agencies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-15

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 17 CFR Parts 230, 240 and 260 [Release Nos. 33-9222; 34-64639; 39-2474; File No. S7-22-11] RIN 3235-AL16 Exemptions for Security-Based Swaps Issued by Certain Clearing Agencies AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission. ACTION: Proposed rules. SUMMARY: We are...

75 FR 75520 - Order Extending Temporary Conditional Exemptions Under The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-03

... other things, that transactions in security-based swaps be cleared through a clearing agency that is... Reserve System, shall, among other things, jointly further define the terms ``swap'' and ``security- based... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Release No. 34-63389; File No. S7-16-09] Order Extending...

77 FR 69694 - Determination of Foreign Exchange Swaps and Foreign Exchange Forwards Under the Commodity...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-20

... trading and clearing of foreign exchange swaps and foreign exchange forwards would create systemic risk... clearing and exchange trading requirements on the foreign exchange market would increase systemic risk by... argue that the exemption would create a large regulatory loophole that could exacerbate systemic risk...

17 CFR 240.3a67-3 - Definition of “substantial position.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... at the net present value of the unpaid premiums. (ii) Adjustment for netting agreements... value in a major security-based swap category, less the value of the collateral the person has posted in... given major security-based swap category: (i) Determine the dollar value of the aggregate current...

17 CFR 240.3a67-3 - Definition of “substantial position.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... at the net present value of the unpaid premiums. (ii) Adjustment for netting agreements... value in a major security-based swap category, less the value of the collateral the person has posted in... given major security-based swap category: (i) Determine the dollar value of the aggregate current...

17 CFR 50.4 - Classes of swaps required to be cleared.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... class Currency U.S. dollar (USD) Euro (EUR) Sterling (GBP) Yen (JPY). Floating Rate Indexes LIBOR... Amounts No No No No. Specification Basis swap class Currency U.S. dollar (USD) Euro (EUR) Sterling (GBP... Currency U.S. dollar (USD) Euro (EUR) Sterling (GBP) Yen (JPY). Floating Rate Indexes LIBOR EURIBOR LIBOR...

17 CFR 1.7 - Books and records requirements for security-based swap agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Books and records requirements... FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION GENERAL REGULATIONS UNDER THE COMMODITY EXCHANGE ACT Definitions § 1.7 Books... not be required to keep and maintain additional books and records regarding security-based swap...

17 CFR 1.7 - Books and records requirements for security-based swap agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Books and records requirements... FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION GENERAL REGULATIONS UNDER THE COMMODITY EXCHANGE ACT Definitions § 1.7 Books... not be required to keep and maintain additional books and records regarding security-based swap...

75 FR 75162 - Protection of Cleared Swaps Customers Before and After Commodity Broker Bankruptcies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-02

... are different from the current model for protecting futures customer collateral would bring... 10-11. (4) Baseline Model--The current approach to futures. The rights and obligations arising out of... COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION 17 CFR Part 190 RIN 3038-AD99 Protection of Cleared Swaps...

17 CFR 43.6 - Block trades and large notional off-facility swaps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

..., Poland, Russia, and Turkey; or (ii) By unique currency combinations not included in paragraph (b)(4)(i... the date of publication. (g) Required notification. (1) Block trade election. (i) The parties to a... election to have the publicly reportable swap transaction treated as a block trade. (ii) The registered...

Dimer formation through domain swapping in the crystal structure of the Grb2-SH2-Ac-pYVNV complex.

PubMed

Schiering, N; Casale, E; Caccia, P; Giordano, P; Battistini, C

2000-11-07

Src homology 2 (SH2) domains are key modules in intracellular signal transduction. They link activated cell surface receptors to downstream targets by binding to phosphotyrosine-containing sequence motifs. The crystal structure of a Grb2-SH2 domain-phosphopeptide complex was determined at 2.4 A resolution. The asymmetric unit contains four polypeptide chains. There is an unexpected domain swap so that individual chains do not adopt a closed SH2 fold. Instead, reorganization of the EF loop leads to an open, nonglobular fold, which associates with an equivalent partner to generate an intertwined dimer. As in previously reported crystal structures of canonical Grb2-SH2 domain-peptide complexes, each of the four hybrid SH2 domains in the two domain-swapped dimers binds the phosphopeptide in a type I beta-turn conformation. This report is the first to describe domain swapping for an SH2 domain. While in vivo evidence of dimerization of Grb2 exists, our SH2 dimer is metastable and a physiological role of this new form of dimer formation remains to be demonstrated.

Strand swapping regulates the iron-sulfur cluster in the diabetes drug target mitoNEET

PubMed Central

Baxter, Elizabeth Leigh; Jennings, Patricia A.; Onuchic, José N.

2012-01-01

MitoNEET is a recently identified diabetes drug target that coordinates a transferable 2Fe-2S cluster, and additionally contains an unusual strand swap. In this manuscript, we use a dual basin structure-based model to predict and characterize the folding and functionality of strand swapping in mitoNEET. We demonstrate that a strand unswapped conformation is kinetically accessible and that multiple levels of control are employed to regulate the conformational dynamics of the system. Environmental factors such as temperature can shift route preference toward the unswapped pathway. Additionally we see that a region recently identified as contributing to frustration in folding acts as a regulatory hinge loop that modulates conformational balance. Interestingly, strand unswapping transfers strain specifically to cluster-coordinating residues, opening the cluster-coordinating pocket. Strengthening contacts within the cluster-coordinating pocket opens a new pathway between the swapped and unswapped conformation that utilizes cracking to bypass the unfolded basin. These results suggest that local control within distinct regions affect motions important in regulating mitoNEET’s 2Fe-2S clusters. PMID:22308404

Model swapping: A comparative performance signature for the prediction of flow duration curves in ungauged basins

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qamar, Muhammad Uzair; Azmat, Muhammad; Cheema, Muhammad Jehanzeb Masud; Shahid, Muhammad Adnan; Khushnood, Rao Arsalan; Ahmad, Sajjad

2016-10-01

The issue of lack of donor basins for prediction of flow duration curves (FDCs) in ungauged basins (PUB) is an important area of research that is not resolved in the literature. We present a distance based approach to predict FDCs at ungauged basins by quantifying the dissimilarity between FDCs and characteristics data of basins. This enables us to bracket hydrologically similar basins and thus allowing us to estimate FDCs at ungauged basins. Generally, a single regression model is selected to make hydrological estimates at an ungauged basin. Based on established laws and theories of hydrology, we work to devise a method to improve the output of selected model for an ungauged basin by swapping it with another model in case the latter gives better coverage and statistical estimates of the nearest neighbors of an ungauged basin. We report two examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of model swapping. Out of 124 basins used in analysis, 34 basins in example 1 and 41 basins in example 2 fulfill the set criteria of model swapping and subsequently their estimates are improved significantly.

Reducing Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP) of Perception Systems in Small Autonomous Aerial Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, Kennie H.; Gross, Jason

2014-01-01

The objectives are to examine recent trends in the reduction of size, weight, and power (SWaP) requirements of sensor systems for environmental perception and to explore new technology that may overcome limitations in current systems. Improving perception systems to facilitate situation awareness is critical in the move to introduce increasing autonomy in aerial systems. Whether the autonomy is in the current state-of-the-art of increasing automation or is enabling cognitive decisions that facilitate adaptive behavior, collection of environmental information and fusion of that information into knowledge that can direct actuation is imperative to decisions resulting in appropriate behavior. Artificial sensory systems such as cameras, radar, LIDAR, and acoustic sensors have been in use on aircraft for many years but, due to the large size and weight of the airplane and electrical power made available through powerful engines, the SWaP requirements of these sensors was inconsequential. With the proliferation of Remote Piloted Vehicles (RPV), the trend is in significant reduction in SWaP of the vehicles. This requires at least an equivalent reduction in SWaP for the sensory systems. A survey of some currently available sensor systems and changing technology will reveal the trend toward reduction of SWaP of these systems and will predict future reductions. A new technology will be introduced that provides an example of a desirable new trend. A new device replaces multiple conventional sensory devices facilitating synchronization, localization, altimetry, collision avoidance, terrain mapping, and data communication in a single integrated, small form-factor, extremely lightweight, and low power device that it is practical for integration into small autonomous vehicles and can facilitate cooperative behavior. The technology is based on Ultra WideBand (UWB) radio using short pulses of energy rather than continuous sine waves. The characteristics of UWB yield several desirable characteristics to facilitate integration of perception for autonomous activities. The capabilities of this device and its limitations will be assessed.

Further Exploration of Post-Flare Giant Arches

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

West, Matthew; Seaton, Daniel B.; Dennis, Brian R.; feng, Li

2017-08-01

Recent observations from the SWAP EUV imager on-board PROBA2 and SXI X-ray observations from the GOES satellite have shown that post-flare giant arches and regular post-flare loops are one and the same thing. However, it is still not clear how certain loop systems are able to sustain prolonged growth to heights of approximately 400000 km (>0.5 solar-radii). In this presentation we further explore the energy deposition rate above post-flare loop systems through high-energy RHESSI observations. We also explore the difference between the loop systems through a multi-wavelength epoch analysis.

ICI/BASF PP for acrylics swap

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alperowicz, N.

ICI (London) and BASF (Ludwigshafen) have announced their long-awaited polypropylene (PP) for acrylics swap deal. ICI is buying BASF's European acrylic resin business, and the German firm will acquire ICI's European PP operations. The deal is due for completion by mid-1993, subject to regulatory approvals. BASF, hitherto a small-scale PP producer, doubles capacity to 600,000 m.t./year and moves up the European PP league to number three, behind Himont and Shell. BASF, whose process is used in the plants, secures a foothold in the UK PP market, where Shell - planning a merger with Himont - is the only other producer,more » with 170,000 m.t./year. ICI's purchase involves BASF's Resart GmbH and Critesa SA subsidiaries, located at Mainz, Germany and near Barcelona, Spain, respectively. The business - which will add about [Brit pounds]60 million ($93 million) to ICI Acrylics [Brit pounds]300-million revenues - employs 400 people, who will transfer to ICI.« less

A quantum Fredkin gate

PubMed Central

Patel, Raj B.; Ho, Joseph; Ferreyrol, Franck; Ralph, Timothy C.; Pryde, Geoff J.

2016-01-01

Minimizing the resources required to build logic gates into useful processing circuits is key to realizing quantum computers. Although the salient features of a quantum computer have been shown in proof-of-principle experiments, difficulties in scaling quantum systems have made more complex operations intractable. This is exemplified in the classical Fredkin (controlled-SWAP) gate for which, despite theoretical proposals, no quantum analog has been realized. By adding control to the SWAP unitary, we use photonic qubit logic to demonstrate the first quantum Fredkin gate, which promises many applications in quantum information and measurement. We implement example algorithms and generate the highest-fidelity three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states to date. The technique we use allows one to add a control operation to a black-box unitary, something that is impossible in the standard circuit model. Our experiment represents the first use of this technique to control a two-qubit operation and paves the way for larger controlled circuits to be realized efficiently. PMID:27051868

Analysis of deterministic swapping of photonic and atomic states through single-photon Raman interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosenblum, Serge; Borne, Adrien; Dayan, Barak

2017-03-01

The long-standing goal of deterministic quantum interactions between single photons and single atoms was recently realized in various experiments. Among these, an appealing demonstration relied on single-photon Raman interaction (SPRINT) in a three-level atom coupled to a single-mode waveguide. In essence, the interference-based process of SPRINT deterministically swaps the qubits encoded in a single photon and a single atom, without the need for additional control pulses. It can also be harnessed to construct passive entangling quantum gates, and can therefore form the basis for scalable quantum networks in which communication between the nodes is carried out only by single-photon pulses. Here we present an analytical and numerical study of SPRINT, characterizing its limitations and defining parameters for its optimal operation. Specifically, we study the effect of losses, imperfect polarization, and the presence of multiple excited states. In all cases we discuss strategies for restoring the operation of SPRINT.

76 FR 8919 - Airworthiness Directives; DASSAULT AVIATION Model MYSTERE-FALCON 50 Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-16

... of the emergency brake system 2 located near the nose landing gear bearing were swapped. The swapping of these two pipes implies that when the Left Hand (LH) brake pedal is depressed, the Right Hand (RH) brake unit is activated, and conversely, when the RH brake pedal is depressed, the LH brake unit is...

76 FR 27880 - Airworthiness Directives; DASSAULT AVIATION Model MYSTERE-FALCON 50 Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-13

... pipes of the emergency brake system 2 located near the nose landing gear bearing were swapped. The swapping of these two pipes implies that when the Left Hand (LH) brake pedal is depressed, the Right Hand (RH) brake unit is activated, and conversely, when the RH brake pedal is depressed, the LH brake unit...

17 CFR 151.5 - Bona fide hedging and other exemptions for Referenced Contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... or anticipated unfilled storage capacity owned or leased by the same person during the period of... representation shall be retained by the parties to the swap for a period of at least two years following the... representation for a period of at least two years following the expiration of the swap. (j) Financial distress...

17 CFR 151.5 - Bona fide hedging and other exemptions for Referenced Contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... or anticipated unfilled storage capacity owned or leased by the same person during the period of... representation shall be retained by the parties to the swap for a period of at least two years following the... representation for a period of at least two years following the expiration of the swap. (j) Financial distress...

17 CFR 151.5 - Bona fide hedging and other exemptions for Referenced Contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... or anticipated unfilled storage capacity owned or leased by the same person during the period of... representation shall be retained by the parties to the swap for a period of at least two years following the... representation for a period of at least two years following the expiration of the swap. (j) Financial distress...

78 FR 67207 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-08

... Change Related to the Reference Rate for Singapore Dollar Denominated Interest Rate Swaps November 4... reference rate for Singapore Dollar (``SGD'') denominated interest rate swaps (``IRS''). II. Self-Regulatory... this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons. \\1\\ 15 U.S.C. 78s...

17 CFR 151.11 - Designated contract market and swap execution facility position limits and accountability rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

.... (a) Spot-month limits. (1) For all Referenced Contracts executed pursuant to their rules, swap..., establish rules and procedures for monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no... monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater than 25 percent of estimated...

77 FR 41260 - Second Amendment to July 14, 2011 Order for Swap Regulation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-13

... herein; and removes any reference to the exempt commercial market (``ECM'') and exempt board of trade... transacted on either an ECM or EBOT to include transactions in agricultural commodities. \\7\\ Amendment to... agricultural swaps to be entered into or executed on an ECM or EBOT. The Commission noted that ECMs and EBOTs...

76 FR 2287 - Security-Based Swap Data Repository Registration, Duties, and Core Principles; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-13

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 17 CFR Parts 240 and 249 [Release No. 34-63347; File No. S7-35-10] RIN 3235-AK79 Security-Based Swap Data Repository Registration, Duties, and Core Principles; Correction Correction In proposed rule document C1-2010-29719 beginning on page 79320 in the issue of...

75 FR 79320 - Security-Based Swap Data Repository Registration, Duties, and Core Principles

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-20

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 17 CFR Parts 240 and 249 [Release No. 34-63347; File No. S7-35-10] RIN 3235-AK79 Security-Based Swap Data Repository Registration, Duties, and Core Principles Correction In proposed rule document 2010-29719 beginning on page 77306 in the issue of December 10, 2010...

75 FR 71530 - Airworthiness Directives; DASSAULT AVIATION Model MYSTERE-FALCON 50 Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-24

... because this unsafe condition could result in a high speed runway excursion when the brakes are applied... pipes of the emergency brake system 2 located near the nose landing gear bearing were swapped. The swapping of these two pipes implies that when the Left Hand (LH) brake pedal is depressed, the Right Hand...

77 FR 3027 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.; Notice of Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-20

... security-based swaps. The new legislation was intended among other things to enhance the authority of... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Release No. 34-66156; File No. SR-FINRA-2012-004] Self... (Application of Rules to Security-Based Swaps) January 13, 2012. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities...

76 FR 12645 - Ownership Limitations and Governance Requirements for Security-Based Swap Clearing Agencies...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-08

... 3235-AK74 Ownership Limitations and Governance Requirements for Security- Based Swap Clearing Agencies...., Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. All comments received... the Dodd-Frank Act, the Commission shall adopt such rules if it determines that they are necessary or...

17 CFR 45.14 - Reporting of errors and omissions in previously reported data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Commission, or by the Chief Information Officer pursuant to § 45.13, a swap data repository shall transmit... in paragraph (a) of this section. (c) Unless otherwise approved by the Commission, or by the Chief Information Officer pursuant to § 45.13, each registered entity or swap counterparty reporting corrections to...

17 CFR 45.14 - Reporting of errors and omissions in previously reported data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Commission, or by the Chief Information Officer pursuant to § 45.13, a swap data repository shall transmit... in paragraph (a) of this section. (c) Unless otherwise approved by the Commission, or by the Chief Information Officer pursuant to § 45.13, each registered entity or swap counterparty reporting corrections to...

17 CFR 45.14 - Reporting of errors and omissions in previously reported data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Commission, or by the Chief Information Officer pursuant to § 45.13, a swap data repository shall transmit... in paragraph (a) of this section. (c) Unless otherwise approved by the Commission, or by the Chief Information Officer pursuant to § 45.13, each registered entity or swap counterparty reporting corrections to...

17 CFR 240.3a69-3 - Books and records requirements for security-based swap agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Books and records requirements... § 240.3a69-3 Books and records requirements for security-based swap agreements. (a) A person registered... and regulations thereunder: (1) Shall not be required to keep and maintain additional books and...

17 CFR 240.3a69-3 - Books and records requirements for security-based swap agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Books and records requirements... § 240.3a69-3 Books and records requirements for security-based swap agreements. (a) A person registered... and regulations thereunder: (1) Shall not be required to keep and maintain additional books and...

78 FR 62787 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-22

... component of its current IRS margin model. The proposed change is reflected in an Advisory Notice issued to... offers clearing for a variety of swaps products under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Commodity Futures... rate swaps (``IRS''). CME proposes to make certain changes to its current IRS margin model in relation...

Real-Time Signal Processing Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-10-29

Programmer’s Model 50 15. Synchronization 67 16. Parameter Passage to Routines VIA Stacks 68 17. Typical VPH Activity Flow Chart 70 18. CPH...computing facilities to take advantage of cost effective solutions. A proliferation of different microprocessors and development systems spread among the... activities are completed, the roles of the VPH memory banks are reversed. This function-swapping is the primary reason, for the efficiency and high

Software Acquisition Process (SWAP) Model FY81

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-12-01

experience. In addition, the manpower accounting techniques and the effects of resource limitation are described below. a. Contractor Personnel. Five job...developed are each oriented to a specific type of developmental activity. Between them, they account for all types of activities in the acquisition...manning levels and duration; Decision Box probability; and project staffing levels. They take into account the overall size of the project and the

Development of a handheld widefield hyperspectral imaging (HSI) sensor for standoff detection of explosive, chemical, and narcotic residues

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nelson, Matthew P.; Basta, Andrew; Patil, Raju; Klueva, Oksana; Treado, Patrick J.

2013-05-01

The utility of Hyper Spectral Imaging (HSI) passive chemical detection employing wide field, standoff imaging continues to be advanced in detection applications. With a drive for reduced SWaP (Size, Weight, and Power), increased speed of detection and sensitivity, developing a handheld platform that is robust and user-friendly increases the detection capabilities of the end user. In addition, easy to use handheld detectors could improve the effectiveness of locating and identifying threats while reducing risks to the individual. ChemImage Sensor Systems (CISS) has developed the HSI Aperio™ sensor for real time, wide area surveillance and standoff detection of explosives, chemical threats, and narcotics for use in both government and commercial contexts. Employing liquid crystal tunable filter technology, the HSI system has an intuitive user interface that produces automated detections and real-time display of threats with an end user created library of threat signatures that is easily updated allowing for new hazardous materials. Unlike existing detection technologies that often require close proximity for sensing and so endanger operators and costly equipment, the handheld sensor allows the individual operator to detect threats from a safe distance. Uses of the sensor include locating production facilities of illegal drugs or IEDs by identification of materials on surfaces such as walls, floors, doors, deposits on production tools and residue on individuals. In addition, the sensor can be used for longer-range standoff applications such as hasty checkpoint or vehicle inspection of residue materials on surfaces or bulk material identification. The CISS Aperio™ sensor has faster data collection, faster image processing, and increased detection capability compared to previous sensors.

Study of extreme-ultraviolet emission and properties of a coronal streamer from PROBA2/SWAP, HINODE/EIS and Mauna Loa Mk4 observations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goryaev, F.; Slemzin, V.; Vainshtein, L.

2014-02-01

Wide-field extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) telescopes imaging in spectral bands sensitive to 1 MK plasma on the Sun often observe extended, ray-like coronal structures stretching radially from active regions to distances of 1.5-2 R {sub ☉}, which represent the EUV counterparts of white-light streamers. To explain this phenomenon, we investigated the properties of a streamer observed on 2010 October 20 and 21, by the PROBA2/SWAP EUV telescope together with the Hinode/EIS (HOP 165) and the Mauna Loa Mk4 white-light coronagraph. In the SWAP 174 Å band comprising the Fe IX-Fe XI lines, the streamer was detected to a distance of 2 Rmore » {sub ☉}. We assume that the EUV emission is dominated by collisional excitation and resonant scattering of monochromatic radiation coming from the underlying corona. Below 1.2 R {sub ☉}, the plasma density and temperature were derived from the Hinode/EIS data by a line-ratio method. Plasma conditions in the streamer and in the background corona above 1.2 R {sub ☉} from the disk center were determined by forward-modeling the emission that best fit the observational data in both EUV and white light. It was found that the plasma in the streamer above 1.2 R {sub ☉} is nearly isothermal, with a temperature of T = 1.43 ± 0.08 MK. The hydrostatic scale-height temperature determined from the evaluated density distribution was significantly higher (1.72 ± 0.08 MK), which suggests the existence of outward plasma flow along the streamer. We conclude that, inside the streamer, collisional excitation provided more than 90% of the observed EUV emission, whereas, in the background corona, the contribution of resonance scattering became comparable with that of collisions at R ≳ 2 R {sub ☉}.« less

Carbon and nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gases emissions in constructed wetlands: a review

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jahangir, M. M. R.; Fenton, O.; Gill, L.; Müller, C.; Johnston, P.; Richards, K. G.

2014-07-01

The nitrogen (N) removal efficiency of constructed wetlands (CWs) is very inconsistent and does not alone explain if the removed species are reduced by physical attenuation or if they are transformed to other reactive forms (pollution swapping). There are many pathways for the removed N to remain in the system: accumulation in the sediments, leaching to groundwater (nitrate-NO3- and ammonium-NH4+), emission to atmosphere via nitrous oxide- N2O and ammonia and/or conversion to N2 gas and adsorption to sediments. The kinetics of these pathways/processes varies with CWs management and therefore needs to be studied quantitatively for the sustainable use of CWs. For example, the quality of groundwater underlying CWs with regards to the reactive N (Nr) species is largely unknown. Equally, there is a dearth of information on the extent of Nr accumulation in soils and discharge to surface waters and air. Moreover, CWs are rich in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and produce substantial amounts of CO2 and CH4. These dissolved carbon (C) species drain out to ground and surface waters and emit to the atmosphere. The dynamics of dissolved N2O, CO2 and CH4 in CWs is a key "missing piece" in our understanding of global greenhouse gas budgets. In this review we provide an overview of the current knowledge and discussion about the dynamics of C and N in CWs and their likely impacts on aquatic and atmospheric environments. We suggest that the fate of various N species in CWs and their surface emissions and subsurface drainage fluxes need to be evaluated in a holistic way to better understand their potential for pollution swapping. Research on the process based N removal and balancing the end products into reactive and benign forms are critical to assess environmental impacts of CWs. Thus we strongly suggest that in situ N transformation and fate of the transformation products with regards to pollution swapping requires further detailed examination.

Mapping from multiple-control Toffoli circuits to linear nearest neighbor quantum circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheng, Xueyun; Guan, Zhijin; Ding, Weiping

2018-07-01

In recent years, quantum computing research has been attracting more and more attention, but few studies on the limited interaction distance between quantum bits (qubit) are deeply carried out. This paper presents a mapping method for transforming multiple-control Toffoli (MCT) circuits into linear nearest neighbor (LNN) quantum circuits instead of traditional decomposition-based methods. In order to reduce the number of inserted SWAP gates, a novel type of gate with the optimal LNN quantum realization was constructed, namely NNTS gate. The MCT gate with multiple control bits could be better cascaded by the NNTS gates, in which the arrangement of the input lines was LNN arrangement of the MCT gate. Then, the communication overhead measurement model on inserted SWAP gate count from the original arrangement to the new arrangement was put forward, and we selected one of the LNN arrangements with the minimum SWAP gate count. Moreover, the LNN arrangement-based mapping algorithm was given, and it dealt with the MCT gates in turn and mapped each MCT gate into its LNN form by inserting the minimum number of SWAP gates. Finally, some simplification rules were used, which can further reduce the final quantum cost of the LNN quantum circuit. Experiments on some benchmark MCT circuits indicate that the direct mapping algorithm results in fewer additional SWAP gates in about 50%, while the average improvement rate in quantum cost is 16.95% compared to the decomposition-based method. In addition, it has been verified that the proposed method has greater superiority for reversible circuits cascaded by MCT gates with more control bits.

Specificity of cell–cell adhesion by classical cadherins: Critical role for low-affinity dimerization through β-strand swapping

PubMed Central

Chen, Chien Peter; Posy, Shoshana; Ben-Shaul, Avinoam; Shapiro, Lawrence; Honig, Barry H.

2005-01-01

Cadherins constitute a family of cell-surface proteins that mediate intercellular adhesion through the association of protomers presented from juxtaposed cells. Differential cadherin expression leads to highly specific intercellular interactions in vivo. This cell–cell specificity is difficult to understand at the molecular level because individual cadherins within a given subfamily are highly similar to each other both in sequence and structure, and they dimerize with remarkably low binding affinities. Here, we provide a molecular model that accounts for these apparently contradictory observations. The model is based in part on the fact that cadherins bind to one another by “swapping” the N-terminal β-strands of their adhesive domains. An inherent feature of strand swapping (or, more generally, the domain swapping phenomenon) is that “closed” monomeric conformations act as competitive inhibitors of dimer formation, thus lowering affinities even when the dimer interface has the characteristics of high-affinity complexes. The model describes quantitatively how small affinity differences between low-affinity cadherin dimers are amplified by multiple cadherin interactions to establish large specificity effects at the cellular level. It is shown that cellular specificity would not be observed if cadherins bound with high affinities, thus emphasizing the crucial role of strand swapping in cell–cell adhesion. Numerical estimates demonstrate that the strength of cellular adhesion is extremely sensitive to the concentration of cadherins expressed at the cell surface. We suggest that the domain swapping mechanism is used by a variety of cell-adhesion proteins and that related mechanisms to control affinity and specificity are exploited in other systems. PMID:15937105

The Relation of White-on-White Standard Automated Perimetry, Short Wavelength Perimetry, and Optic Coherence Tomography Parameters in Ocular Hypertension.

PubMed

Başkan, Ceyda; Köz, Özlem G; Duman, Rahmi; Gökçe, Sabite E; Yarangümeli, Ahmet A; Kural, Gülcan

2016-12-01

The purpose of this study is to examine the demographics, clinical properties, and the relation between white-on-white standard automated perimetry (SAP), short wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), and optical coherence tomographic (OCT) parameters of patients with ocular hypertension. Sixty-one eyes of 61 patients diagnosed with ocular hypertension in the Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital ophthalmology unit between January 2010 and January 2011 were included in this study. All patients underwent SAP and SWAP tests with the Humphrey visual field analyser using the 30.2 full-threshold test. Retinal nerve fiber layers (RNFL) and optic nerve heads of patients were evaluated with Stratus OCT. Positive correlation was detected between SAP pattern standard deviation value and average intraocular pressure (P=0.017), maximum intraocular pressure (P=0.009), and vertical cup to disc (C/D) ratio (P=0.009). Positive correlation between SWAP median deviation value with inferior (P=0.032), nasal (P=0.005), 6 o'clock quadrant RNFL thickness (P=0.028), and Imax/Tavg ratio (P=0.023) and negative correlation with Smax/Navg ratio (P=0.005) were detected. There was no correlation between central corneal thickness and peripapillary RNFL thicknesses (P>0.05). There was no relation between SAP median deviation, pattern standard deviation values and RNFL thicknesses and optic disc parameters of the OCT. By contrast significant correlation between several SWAP parameters and OCT parameters were detected. SWAP appeared to outperform achromatic SAP when the same 30-2 method was used.

The Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP): Evaluating Psychometric Questions about Its Reliability, Validity, and Impact of Its Fixed Score Distribution

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blagov, Pavel S.; Bi, Wu; Shedler, Jonathan; Westen, Drew

2012-01-01

The Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP) is a personality assessment instrument designed for use by expert clinical assessors. Critics have raised questions about its psychometrics, most notably its validity across observers and situations, the impact of its fixed score distribution on research findings, and its test-retest reliability. We…

75 FR 55574 - Joint Public Roundtable on Swap Execution Facilities and Security-Based Swap Execution Facilities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-13

... discussion; request for comment. SUMMARY: On September 15, 2010, commencing at 9 a.m. and ending at 12:30 p.m., staff of the Agencies will hold a public roundtable discussion at which invited participants will... ``Act'') granted to the Agencies respectively. The discussion will be open to the public with seating on...

75 FR 76705 - Joint Public Roundtable on Issues Related to Capital and Margin Requirements for Swaps and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-09

... roundtable discussion; request for comment. SUMMARY: On Friday, December 10, 2010, commencing at 1 p.m. and... dealers, and security-based swap participants. The discussion will be open to the public with seating on a...-607-0666 Conference ID: 8978249 A transcript of the public roundtable discussion will be published at...

76 FR 11701 - Amendments to Commodity Pool Operator and Commodity Trading Advisor Regulations Resulting From...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-03

... require CPOs and CTAs to make and keep certain books and records relating to commodity interest trading... existing Regulation 1.3(yy) along with reference to the term ``swap'' as defined in Section 1a(47) of the... make and keep certain books and records generated by the swap transactions in which they engage on...

77 FR 6335 - Protection of Cleared Swaps Customer Contracts and Collateral; Conforming Amendments to the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-07

... requirement, in turn, limits the Commission's flexibility in designing a model for the protection of customer... level for portfolios of swaps. The DCO's margin methodology will be designed to estimate the amount of... collected by a DCO is designed to cover most (e.g., 99%), but not all, potential losses incurred by a...

75 FR 76666 - Reporting, Recordkeeping, and Daily Trading Records Requirements for Swap Dealers and Major Swap...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-09

... Commission \\11\\ and by the Autorit[eacute] des March[eacute]s Financiers in France,\\12\\ and have been... Securities and Futures Commission para. 3.9 (2010) (H.K.). \\12\\ General Regulation of the Autorit[eacute] des... it displays a currently valid control number. The OMB has not yet assigned this collection a control...

Engineering of chimeric eukaryotic/bacterial Rubisco large subunits in Escherichia coli.

PubMed

Koay, Teng Wei; Wong, Hann Ling; Lim, Boon Hoe

2016-11-26

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is a rate-limiting photosynthetic enzyme that catalyzes carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle. Much interest has been devoted to engineering this ubiquitous enzyme with the goal of increasing plant growth. However, experiments that have successfully produced improved Rubisco variants, via directed evolution in Escherichia coli, are limited to bacterial Rubisco because the eukaryotic holoenzyme cannot be produced in E. coli. The present study attempts to determine the specific differences between bacterial and eukaryotic Rubisco large subunit primary structure that are responsible for preventing heterologous eukaryotic holoenzyme formation in E. coli. A series of chimeric Synechococcus Rubiscos were created in which different sections of the large subunit were swapped with those of the homologous Chlamydomonas Rubisco. Chimeric holoenzymes that can form in vivo would indicate that differences within the swapped sections do not disrupt holoenzyme formation. Large subunit residues 1-97, 198-247 and 448-472 were successfully swapped without inhibiting holoenzyme formation. In all ten chimeras, protein expression was observed for the separate subunits at a detectable level. As a first approximation, the regions that can tolerate swapping may be targets for future engineering.

Spectrum-based method to generate good decoy libraries for spectral library searching in peptide identifications.

PubMed

Cheng, Chia-Ying; Tsai, Chia-Feng; Chen, Yu-Ju; Sung, Ting-Yi; Hsu, Wen-Lian

2013-05-03

As spectral library searching has received increasing attention for peptide identification, constructing good decoy spectra from the target spectra is the key to correctly estimating the false discovery rate in searching against the concatenated target-decoy spectral library. Several methods have been proposed to construct decoy spectral libraries. Most of them construct decoy peptide sequences and then generate theoretical spectra accordingly. In this paper, we propose a method, called precursor-swap, which directly constructs decoy spectral libraries directly at the "spectrum level" without generating decoy peptide sequences by swapping the precursors of two spectra selected according to a very simple rule. Our spectrum-based method does not require additional efforts to deal with ion types (e.g., a, b or c ions), fragment mechanism (e.g., CID, or ETD), or unannotated peaks, but preserves many spectral properties. The precursor-swap method is evaluated on different spectral libraries and the results of obtained decoy ratios show that it is comparable to other methods. Notably, it is efficient in time and memory usage for constructing decoy libraries. A software tool called Precursor-Swap-Decoy-Generation (PSDG) is publicly available for download at http://ms.iis.sinica.edu.tw/PSDG/.

A rationally designed six-residue swap generates comparability in the aggregation behavior of α-synuclein and β-synuclein.

PubMed

Roodveldt, Cintia; Andersson, August; De Genst, Erwin J; Labrador-Garrido, Adahir; Buell, Alexander K; Dobson, Christopher M; Tartaglia, Gian Gaetano; Vendruscolo, Michele

2012-11-06

The aggregation process of α-synuclein, a protein closely associated with Parkinson's disease, is highly sensitive to sequence variations. It is therefore of great importance to understand the factors that define the aggregation propensity of specific mutational variants as well as their toxic behavior in the cellular environment. In this context, we investigated the extent to which the aggregation behavior of α-synuclein can be altered to resemble that of β-synuclein, an aggregation-resistant homologue of α-synuclein not associated with disease, by swapping residues between the two proteins. Because of the vast number of possible swaps, we have applied a rational design procedure to single out a mutational variant, called α2β, in which two short stretches of the sequence in the NAC region have been replaced in α-synuclein from β-synuclein. We find not only that the aggregation rate of α2β is close to that of β-synuclein, being much lower than that of α-synuclein, but also that α2β effectively changes the cellular toxicity of α-synuclein to a value similar to that of β-synuclein upon exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to preformed oligomers. Remarkably, control experiments on the corresponding mutational variant of β-synuclein, called β2α, confirmed that the mutations that we have identified also shift the aggregation behavior of this protein toward that of α-synuclein. These results demonstrate that it is becoming possible to control in quantitative detail the sequence code that defines the aggregation behavior and toxicity of α-synuclein.

Pollution Swapping in Agricultural Systems: deciding between mitigation measures with conflicting outcomes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Quinton, John; Stevens, Carly

2010-05-01

Pollution swapping occurs when a mitigation option introduced to reduce one pollutant results in an increase in a different pollutant. Although the concept of pollution swapping is widely understood it has received little attention in research and policy design. This study investigated diffuse pollution mitigation options applied in combinable crop systems. They are: cover crops, residue management, no-tillage, riparian buffer zones, contour grass strips and constructed wetlands. A wide range of water and atmospheric pollutants were considered, including nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon and sulphur. It is clear from this investigation that there is no single mitigation option that will reduce all pollutants and in this poster we consider how choices may be made between mitigation measures which may have a positive effect on one pollutant but a negative effect on another.

Simulation of Swap-Out Reliability For The Advance Photon Source Upgrade

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Borland, M.

2017-06-01

The proposed upgrade of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) to a multibend-achromat lattice relies on the use of swap-out injection to accommodate the small dynamic acceptance, allow use of unusual insertion devices, and minimize collective effects at high single-bunch charge. This, combined with the short beam lifetime, will make injector reliability even more important than it is for top-up operation. We used historical data for the APS injector complex to obtain probability distributions for injector up-time and down-time durations. Using these distributions, we simulated several years of swap-out operation for the upgraded lattice for several operatingmodes. The results indicate thatmore » obtaining very high availability of beam in the storage ring will require improvements to injector reliability.« less

Detection and Alignment of 3D Domain Swapping Proteins Using Angle-Distance Image-Based Secondary Structural Matching Techniques

PubMed Central

Wang, Hsin-Wei; Hsu, Yen-Chu; Hwang, Jenn-Kang; Lyu, Ping-Chiang; Pai, Tun-Wen; Tang, Chuan Yi

2010-01-01

This work presents a novel detection method for three-dimensional domain swapping (DS), a mechanism for forming protein quaternary structures that can be visualized as if monomers had “opened” their “closed” structures and exchanged the opened portion to form intertwined oligomers. Since the first report of DS in the mid 1990s, an increasing number of identified cases has led to the postulation that DS might occur in a protein with an unconstrained terminus under appropriate conditions. DS may play important roles in the molecular evolution and functional regulation of proteins and the formation of depositions in Alzheimer's and prion diseases. Moreover, it is promising for designing auto-assembling biomaterials. Despite the increasing interest in DS, related bioinformatics methods are rarely available. Owing to a dramatic conformational difference between the monomeric/closed and oligomeric/open forms, conventional structural comparison methods are inadequate for detecting DS. Hence, there is also a lack of comprehensive datasets for studying DS. Based on angle-distance (A-D) image transformations of secondary structural elements (SSEs), specific patterns within A-D images can be recognized and classified for structural similarities. In this work, a matching algorithm to extract corresponding SSE pairs from A-D images and a novel DS score have been designed and demonstrated to be applicable to the detection of DS relationships. The Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and sensitivity of the proposed DS-detecting method were higher than 0.81 even when the sequence identities of the proteins examined were lower than 10%. On average, the alignment percentage and root-mean-square distance (RMSD) computed by the proposed method were 90% and 1.8Å for a set of 1,211 DS-related pairs of proteins. The performances of structural alignments remain high and stable for DS-related homologs with less than 10% sequence identities. In addition, the quality of its hinge loop determination is comparable to that of manual inspection. This method has been implemented as a web-based tool, which requires two protein structures as the input and then the type and/or existence of DS relationships between the input structures are determined according to the A-D image-based structural alignments and the DS score. The proposed method is expected to trigger large-scale studies of this interesting structural phenomenon and facilitate related applications. PMID:20976204

Hot Swapping Protocol Implementations in the OPNET Modeler Development Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

components. Unfortunately, this style is not efficient or particularly human–readable. Even purely pedagogical scenarios consisting of a client and a...definition provided by the mock object. sion of this kernel procedure steers all packets sent with op pk deliver() to the unit testing’s specialized...forms of development. Moreover, batteries of unit tests could ship with the accompanying process models and serve as robust regression tests

Power Analysis of an Enterprise Wireless Communication Architecture

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-01

easily plug a satellite-based communication module into the enterprise processor when needed. Once plugged-in, it automatically runs the corresponding...reduce the SWaP by using a singular processing/computing module to run user applications and to implement waveform algorithms. This approach would...GPP) technology improved enough to allow a wide variety of waveforms to run in the GPP; thus giving rise to the SDR (Brannon 2004). Today’s

Using SaTScanTM spatial-scan software with national forest inventory data: a case study in South Carolina

Treesearch

KaDonna Randolph

2017-01-01

The USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program makes and keeps current an inventory of all forest land in the United States. To comply with privacy laws while at the same time offering its data to the public, FIA makes approximate plot locations available through a process known as perturbing ("fuzzing") and swapping. The free spatial...

Redesigning Schools to Reach Every Student with Excellent Teachers: Financial Planning for Time-Technology Swap--Rotation Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Public Impact, 2012

2012-01-01

This brief shows how teachers in a Time-Technology swap school model may earn more, sustainably. In this model, schools use age-appropriate portions of digital learning (as little as about an hour daily per student) to free the time of excellent teachers to teach more students and potentially to collaborate with peers. By teaching more students,…

76 FR 18031 - Airworthiness Directives; Dassault Aviation Model Mystere-Falcon 50 Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-01

... system line to engine 2, and engine 2 Low Pressure (LP) bleed line. If the swapping of these two lines is... line to engine 2, and engine 2 Low Pressure (LP) bleed line. If the swapping of these two lines is not... the connection of the two lines (extinguishing and LP bleed lines) at frame 42 in the rear compartment...

Redesigning Schools: To Reach Every Student with Excellent Teachers. Financial Planning for Secondary-Level Time-Technology Swap + Multi-Classroom Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Public Impact, 2013

2013-01-01

This brief shows how middle and high school teachers in a Time-Technology Swap school model, with or without Multi-Classroom Leaders, may earn more while reaching more students, sustainably. In this model, students alternate between learning with teachers and working in a digital learning lab, where they learn online and engage in offline skill…

Give a Book, Take a Book | Poster

Cancer.gov

Collection has begun for the 15th Annual Book & Media Swap sponsored by the Scientific Library. NCI at Frederick staff can use this opportunity to clear out personal book and DVD shelves of unwanted materials, donate them to the swap, and then receive “new” materials in return. The library staff will collect materials through Tuesday, Oct. 27. Kick-off day for the event is

77 FR 35892 - Dual and Multiple Associations of Persons Associated With Swap Dealers, Major Swap Participants...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-15

... (RFEDs), IBs, CTAs, CPOs, and LTMs). Specifically, proposed Regulation 3.12(f)(5)(i)(A) would apply where... the RFA do not apply to SDs and MSPs. With respect to CTAs and IBs, the Commission previously has... affected CTAs and IBs would be considered to be small entities and, if so, the economic impact on them of...

Arginine-lysine positional swap of the LL-37 peptides reveals evolutional advantages of the native sequence and leads to bacterial probes.

PubMed

Wang, Xiuqing; Junior, José Carlos Bozelli; Mishra, Biswajit; Lushnikova, Tamara; Epand, Richard M; Wang, Guangshun

2017-08-01

Antimicrobial peptides are essential components of the innate immune system of multicellular organisms. Although cationic and hydrophobic amino acids are known determinants of these amphipathic molecules for bacterial killing, it is not clear how lysine-arginine (K-R) positional swaps influence peptide structure and activity. This study addresses this question by investigating two groups of peptides (GF-17 and 17BIPHE2) derived from human cathelicidin LL-37. K-R positional swap showed little effect on minimal inhibitory concentrations of the peptides. However, there are clear differences in bacterial killing kinetics. The membrane permeation patterns vary with peptide and bacterial types, but not changes in fluorescent dyes, salts or pH. In general, the original peptide is more efficient in bacterial killing, but less toxic to human cells, than the K-R swapped peptides, revealing the evolutionary significance of the native sequence for host defense. The characteristic membrane permeation patterns for different bacteria suggest a possible application of these K-R positional-swapped peptides as molecular probes for the type of bacteria. Such differences are related to bacterial membrane compositions: minimal for Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus with essentially all anionic lipids (cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol), but evident for Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli with a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. Biophysical characterization found similar structures and binding affinities for these peptides in vesicle systems mimicking E. coli and S. aureus. It seems that interfacial arginines of GF-17 are preferred over lysines in bacterial membrane permeation. Our study sheds new light on the design of cationic amphipathic peptides. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Half-metallic Co-based quaternary Heusler alloys for spintronics: Defect- and pressure-induced transitions and properties

DOE PAGES

Enamullah, .; Johnson, D. D.; Suresh, K. G.; ...

2016-11-07

Heusler compounds offer potential as spintronic devices due to their spin polarization and half-metallicity properties, where electron spin-majority (minority) manifold exhibits states (band gap) at the electronic chemical potential, yielding full spin polarization in a single manifold. Yet, Heuslers often exhibit intrinsic disorder that degrades its half-metallicity and spin polarization. Using density-functional theory, we analyze the electronic and magnetic properties of equiatomic Heusler (L2 1) CoMnCrAl and CoFeCrGe alloys for effects of hydrostatic pressure and intrinsic disorder (thermal antisites, binary swaps, and vacancies). Under pressure, CoMnCrAl undergoes a metallic transition, while half-metallicity in CoFeCrGe is retained for a limited range.more » Antisite disorder between Cr-Al pair in CoMnCrAl alloy is energetically the most favorable, and retains half-metallic character in Cr-excess regime. However, Co-deficient samples in both alloys undergo a transition from half-metallic to metallic, with a discontinuity in the saturation magnetization. For binary swaps, configurations that compete with the ground state are identified and show no loss of half-metallicity; however, the minority-spin band gap and magnetic moments vary depending on the atoms swapped. For single binary swaps, there is a significant energy cost in CoMnCrAl but with no loss of half-metallicity. Although a few configurations in CoFeCrGe energetically compete with the ground state, the minority-spin band gap and magnetic moments vary depending on the atoms swapped. Furthermore, this information should help in controlling these potential spintronic materials.« less

Half-metallic Co-based quaternary Heusler alloys for spintronics: Defect- and pressure-induced transitions and properties

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Enamullah, .; Johnson, D. D.; Suresh, K. G.

Heusler compounds offer potential as spintronic devices due to their spin polarization and half-metallicity properties, where electron spin-majority (minority) manifold exhibits states (band gap) at the electronic chemical potential, yielding full spin polarization in a single manifold. Yet, Heuslers often exhibit intrinsic disorder that degrades its half-metallicity and spin polarization. Using density-functional theory, we analyze the electronic and magnetic properties of equiatomic Heusler (L2 1) CoMnCrAl and CoFeCrGe alloys for effects of hydrostatic pressure and intrinsic disorder (thermal antisites, binary swaps, and vacancies). Under pressure, CoMnCrAl undergoes a metallic transition, while half-metallicity in CoFeCrGe is retained for a limited range.more » Antisite disorder between Cr-Al pair in CoMnCrAl alloy is energetically the most favorable, and retains half-metallic character in Cr-excess regime. However, Co-deficient samples in both alloys undergo a transition from half-metallic to metallic, with a discontinuity in the saturation magnetization. For binary swaps, configurations that compete with the ground state are identified and show no loss of half-metallicity; however, the minority-spin band gap and magnetic moments vary depending on the atoms swapped. For single binary swaps, there is a significant energy cost in CoMnCrAl but with no loss of half-metallicity. Although a few configurations in CoFeCrGe energetically compete with the ground state, the minority-spin band gap and magnetic moments vary depending on the atoms swapped. Furthermore, this information should help in controlling these potential spintronic materials.« less

Role of the C-terminal extensions of alpha-crystallins. Swapping the C-terminal extension of alpha-crystallin to alphaB-crystallin results in enhanced chaperone activity.

PubMed

Pasta, Saloni Yatin; Raman, Bakthisaran; Ramakrishna, Tangirala; Rao, Ch Mohan

2002-11-29

Several small heat shock proteins contain a well conserved alpha-crystallin domain, flanked by an N-terminal domain and a C-terminal extension, both of which vary in length and sequence. The structural and functional role of the C-terminal extension of small heat shock proteins, particularly of alphaA- and alphaB-crystallins, is not well understood. We have swapped the C-terminal extensions between alphaA- and alphaB-crystallins and generated two novel chimeric proteins, alphaABc and alphaBAc. We have investigated the domain-swapped chimeras for structural and functional alterations. We have used thermal and non-thermal models of protein aggregation and found that the chimeric alphaB with the C-terminal extension of alphaA-crystallin, alphaBAc, exhibits dramatically enhanced chaperone-like activity. Interestingly, however, the chimeric alphaA with the C-terminal extension of alphaB-crystallin, alphaABc, has almost lost its activity. Pyrene solubilization and bis-1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate binding studies show that alphaBAc exhibits more solvent-exposed hydrophobic pockets than alphaA, alphaB, or alphaABc. Significant tertiary structural changes are revealed by tryptophan fluorescence and near-UV CD studies upon swapping the C-terminal extensions. The far-UV CD spectrum of alphaBAc differs from that of alphaB-crystallin whereas that of alphaABc overlaps with that of alphaA-crystallin. Gel filtration chromatography shows alteration in the size of the proteins upon swapping the C-terminal extensions. Our study demonstrates that the unstructured C-terminal extensions play a crucial role in the structure and chaperone activity, in addition to generally believed electrostatic "solubilizer" function.

Elective change of surgeon during the OR day has an operationally negligible impact on turnover time.

PubMed

Austin, Thomas M; Lam, Humphrey V; Shin, Naomi S; Daily, Bethany J; Dunn, Peter F; Sandberg, Warren S

2014-08-01

To compare turnover times for a series of elective cases with surgeons following themselves with turnover times for a series of previously scheduled elective procedures for which the succeeding surgeon differed from the preceding surgeon. Retrospective cohort study. University-affiliated teaching hospital. The operating room (OR) statistical database was accessed to gather 32 months of turnover data from a large academic institution. Turnover time data for the same-surgeon and surgeon-swap groups were batched by month to minimize autocorrelation and achieve data normalization. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the monthly batched data was performed with surgeon swapping and changes in procedure category as variables of turnover time. Similar analyses were performed using individual surgical services, hourly time intervals during the surgical day, and turnover frequency per OR as additional covariates to surgeon swapping. The mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) same-surgeon turnover time was 43.6 (43.2 - 44.0) minutes versus 51.0 (50.5 - 51.6) minutes for a planned surgeon swap (P < 0.0001). This resulted in a difference (95% CI) of 7.4 (6.8 - 8.1) minutes. The exact increase in turnover time was dependent on surgical service, change in subsequent procedure type, time of day when the turnover occurred, and turnover frequency. The investigated institution averages 2.5 cases per OR per day. The cumulative additional turnover time (far less than one hour per OR per day) for switching surgeons definitely does not allow the addition of another elective procedure if the difference could be eliminated. A flexible scheduling policy allowing surgeon swapping rather than requiring full blocks incurs minimal additional staffed time during the OR day while allowing the schedule to be filled with available elective cases. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Feasibility of an Extended-Duration Aerial Platform Using Autonomous Multi-Rotor Vehicle Swapping and Battery Management

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

AN EXTENDED-DURATION AERIAL PLATFORM USING AUTONOMOUS MULTI-ROTOR VEHICLE SWAPPING AND BATTERY MANAGEMENT by Alexander G. Williams December...Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time...of information . Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information , including suggestions for

76 FR 54537 - Swap Data Repositories: Registration Standards, Duties and Core Principles

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-01

...The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (``CFTC'' or ``Commission'') is adopting its regulations to implement section 21 of the Commodity Exchange Act (``CEA'' or ``Act''), which establishes registration requirements, statutory duties, core principles and certain compliance obligations for registered swap data repositories (``SDRs''). Section 21 of the CEA was added by section 728 of the Dodd- Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (``Dodd-Frank Act'').

Green Team Readies for Spring with Plant Swap | Poster

Cancer.gov

By Carolynne Keenan, Contributing Writer Those looking for a cost-effective way to spruce up their yards this spring can stop by the National Cancer Institute at Frederick Green Team’s booth during the Spring Research Festival (SRF) on May 7 and 8. Pick up a free plant, donate overgrown plants from your yard, or swap for a new plant. Everyone is invited to participate in the

To prohibit Members of Congress, senior congressional staffers, and administration executives from making certain purchases or sales of registered securities, futures, swaps, security futures products, security-based swaps, and options, to prohibit bonus payments to executives at Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and for other purposes.

THOMAS, 112th Congress

Rep. Issa, Darrell E. [R-CA-49

2012-02-09

House - 02/23/2012 Referred to the Subcommittee on Capital Markets and Government Sponsored Enterprises. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

17 CFR 240.3a69-2 - Definition of “swap” as used in section 3(a)(69) of the Act-additional products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

...)(1) of this section that is otherwise excluded by section 1a(47)(B) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1a(47)(B)). (c) Foreign exchange forwards and foreign exchange swaps. Notwithstanding.... 78c(a)(69)). (b) Inclusion of particular products. (1) The term swap includes, without limiting the...

17 CFR 240.3a69-2 - Definition of “swap” as used in section 3(a)(69) of the Act-additional products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...)(1) of this section that is otherwise excluded by section 1a(47)(B) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1a(47)(B)). (c) Foreign exchange forwards and foreign exchange swaps. Notwithstanding.... 78c(a)(69)). (b) Inclusion of particular products. (1) The term swap includes, without limiting the...

Irreversible Heavy Chain Transfer to Chondroitin*

PubMed Central

Lauer, Mark E.; Hascall, Vincent C.; Green, Dixy E.; DeAngelis, Paul L.; Calabro, Anthony

2014-01-01

We have recently demonstrated that the transfer of heavy chains (HCs) from inter-α-inhibitor, via the enzyme TSG-6 (tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6), to hyaluronan (HA) oligosaccharides is an irreversible event in which subsequent swapping of HCs between HA molecules does not occur. We now describe our results of HC transfer experiments to chondroitin sulfate A, chemically desulfated chondroitin, chemoenzymatically synthesized chondroitin, unsulfated heparosan, heparan sulfate, and alginate. Of these potential HC acceptors, only chemically desulfated chondroitin and chemoenzymatically synthesized chondroitin were HC acceptors. The kinetics of HC transfer to chondroitin was similar to HA. At earlier time points, HCs were more widely distributed among the different sizes of chondroitin chains. As time progressed, the HCs migrated to lower molecular weight chains of chondroitin. Our interpretation is that TSG-6 swaps the HCs from the larger, reversible sites on chondroitin chains, which function as HC acceptors, onto smaller chondroitin chains, which function as irreversible HC acceptors. HCs transferred to smaller chondroitin chains were unable to be swapped off the smaller chondroitin chains and transferred to HA. HCs transferred to high molecular weight HA were unable to be swapped onto chondroitin. We also present data that although chondroitin was a HC acceptor, HA was the preferred acceptor when chondroitin and HA were in the same reaction mixture. PMID:25135638

Dissipative entanglement swapping in the presence of detuning and Kerr medium: Bell state measurement method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghasemi, M.; Tavassoly, M. K.; Nourmandipour, A.

2017-12-01

In this paper, we investigate the possibility of entanglement swapping between two independent nonperfect cavities consisting of an atom with finite lifetime of atomic levels (as two independent sources of dissipation), which interacts with a quantized electromagnetic field in the presence of detuning and Kerr medium. In fact, there is no direct interaction between the two atoms, therefore, no entanglement exists between them. We use the Bell state measurement performed on the photons leaving the cavities to swap the entanglement stored between the atom-fields in each cavity into atom-atom. Our motivation comes from the fact that two-qubit entangled states are of great interest for quantum information science and technologies. We discuss the effect of the initial state of the system, the detuning parameter, the Kerr medium and the two dissipation sources on the swapped entanglement to atom-atom. We interestingly find that when the atomic decay rates and photonic leakages from the cavities are equal, our system behaves as an ideal system with no dissipation. Our results show that it is possible to create a long-living atom-atom maximally entangled state in the presence of Kerr effect and dissipation; we determine these conditions in detail and also establish the final atom-atom Bell state.

SPIDER: Next Generation Chip Scale Imaging Sensor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duncan, Alan; Kendrick, Rick; Thurman, Sam; Wuchenich, Danielle; Scott, Ryan P.; Yoo, S. J. B.; Su, Tiehui; Yu, Runxiang; Ogden, Chad; Proiett, Roberto

The LM Advanced Technology Center and UC Davis are developing an Electro-Optical (EO) imaging sensor called SPIDER (Segmented Planar Imaging Detector for Electro-optical Reconnaissance) that provides a 10x to 100x size, weight, and power (SWaP) reduction alternative to the traditional bulky optical telescope and focal plane detector array. The substantial reductions in SWaP would reduce cost and/or provide higher resolution by enabling a larger aperture imager in a constrained volume. The SPIDER concept consists of thousands of direct detection white-light interferometers densely packed onto Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) to measure the amplitude and phase of the visibility function at spatial frequencies that span the full synthetic aperture. In other words, SPIDER would sample the object being imaged in the Fourier domain (i.e., spatial frequency domain), and then digitally reconstruct an image. The conventional approach for imaging interferometers requires complex mechanical delay lines to form the interference fringes. This results in designs that are not traceable to more than a few simultaneous spatial frequency measurements. SPIDER seeks to achieve this traceability by employing micron-=scale optical waveguides and nanophotonic structures fabricated on a PIC with micron-scale packing density to form the necessary interferometers. Prior LM IRAD and DARPA/NASA CRAD-funded SPIDER risk reduction experiments, design trades, and simulations have matured the SPIDER imager concept to a TRL 3 level. Current funding under the DARPA SPIDER Zoom program is maturing the underlying PIC technology for SPIDER to the TRL 4 level. This is done by developing and fabricating a second-generation PIC that is fully traceable to the multiple layers and low-power phase modulators required for higher-dimension waveguide arrays that are needed for higher field-of-view sensors. Our project also seeks to extend the SPIDER concept to add a zoom capability that would provide simultaneous low-resolution, large field-of-view and steerable high-resolution, narrow field-of-view imaging modes. A proof of concept demo is being designed to validate this capability. Finally, data collected by this project would be used to benchmark and increase the fidelity of our SPIDER image simulations and enhance our ability to predict the performance of existing and future SPIDER sensor design variations. These designs and their associated performance characteristics could then be evaluated as candidates for future mission opportunities to identify specific transition paths. This paper provides an overview of performance data on the first-generation PIC for SPIDER developed under DARPA SeeMe program funding. We provide a design description of the SPICER Zoom imaging sensor and the second-generation PIC (high- and low-resolution versions) currently under development on the DARPA SPIDER Zoom effort. Results of performance simulations and design trades are presented. Unique low-cost payload applications for future SSA missions are also discussed.

Abdominal MR imaging in children: motion compensation, sequence optimization, and protocol organization.

PubMed

Chavhan, Govind B; Babyn, Paul S; Vasanawala, Shreyas S

2013-05-01

Familiarity with basic sequence properties and their trade-offs is necessary for radiologists performing abdominal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Acquiring diagnostic-quality MR images in the pediatric abdomen is challenging due to motion, inability to breath hold, varying patient size, and artifacts. Motion-compensation techniques (eg, respiratory gating, signal averaging, suppression of signal from moving tissue, swapping phase- and frequency-encoding directions, use of faster sequences with breath holding, parallel imaging, and radial k-space filling) can improve image quality. Each of these techniques is more suitable for use with certain sequences and acquisition planes and in specific situations and age groups. Different T1- and T2-weighted sequences work better in different age groups and with differing acquisition planes and have specific advantages and disadvantages. Dynamic imaging should be performed differently in younger children than in older children. In younger children, the sequence and the timing of dynamic phases need to be adjusted. Different sequences work better in smaller children and in older children because of differing breath-holding ability, breathing patterns, field of view, and use of sedation. Hence, specific protocols should be maintained for younger children and older children. Combining longer-higher-resolution sequences and faster-lower-resolution sequences helps acquire diagnostic-quality images in a reasonable time. © RSNA, 2013.

Two-qubit logical operations in three quantum dots system.

PubMed

Łuczak, Jakub; Bułka, Bogdan R

2018-06-06

We consider a model of two interacting always-on, exchange-only qubits for which controlled phase (CPHASE), controlled NOT (CNOT), quantum Fourier transform (QFT) and SWAP operations can be implemented only in a few electrical pulses in a nanosecond time scale. Each qubit is built of three quantum dots (TQD) in a triangular geometry with three electron spins which are always kept coupled by exchange interactions only. The qubit states are encoded in a doublet subspace and are fully electrically controlled by a voltage applied to gate electrodes. The two qubit quantum gates are realized by short electrical pulses which change the triangular symmetry of TQD and switch on exchange interaction between the qubits. We found an optimal configuration to implement the CPHASE gate by a single pulse of the order 2.3 ns. Using this gate, in combination with single qubit operations, we searched for optimal conditions to perform the other gates: CNOT, QFT and SWAP. Our studies take into account environment effects and leakage processes as well. The results suggest that the system can be implemented for fault tolerant quantum computations.

Dye bias correction in dual-labeled cDNA microarray gene expression measurements.

PubMed Central

Rosenzweig, Barry A; Pine, P Scott; Domon, Olen E; Morris, Suzanne M; Chen, James J; Sistare, Frank D

2004-01-01

A significant limitation to the analytical accuracy and precision of dual-labeled spotted cDNA microarrays is the signal error due to dye bias. Transcript-dependent dye bias may be due to gene-specific differences of incorporation of two distinctly different chemical dyes and the resultant differential hybridization efficiencies of these two chemically different targets for the same probe. Several approaches were used to assess and minimize the effects of dye bias on fluorescent hybridization signals and maximize the experimental design efficiency of a cell culture experiment. Dye bias was measured at the individual transcript level within each batch of simultaneously processed arrays by replicate dual-labeled split-control sample hybridizations and accounted for a significant component of fluorescent signal differences. This transcript-dependent dye bias alone could introduce unacceptably high numbers of both false-positive and false-negative signals. We found that within a given set of concurrently processed hybridizations, the bias is remarkably consistent and therefore measurable and correctable. The additional microarrays and reagents required for paired technical replicate dye-swap corrections commonly performed to control for dye bias could be costly to end users. Incorporating split-control microarrays within a set of concurrently processed hybridizations to specifically measure dye bias can eliminate the need for technical dye swap replicates and reduce microarray and reagent costs while maintaining experimental accuracy and technical precision. These data support a practical and more efficient experimental design to measure and mathematically correct for dye bias. PMID:15033598

Linguistic measures of the referential process in psychodynamic treatment: the English and Italian versions.

PubMed

Mariani, Rachele; Maskit, Bernard; Bucci, Wilma; De Coro, Alessandra

2013-01-01

The referential process is defined in the context of Bucci's multiple code theory as the process by which nonverbal experience is connected to language. The English computerized measures of the referential process, which have been applied in psychotherapy research, include the Weighted Referential Activity Dictionary (WRAD), and measures of Reflection, Affect and Disfluency. This paper presents the development of the Italian version of the IWRAD by modeling Italian texts scored by judges, and shows the application of the IWRAD and other Italian measures in three psychodynamic treatments evaluated for personality change using the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP-200). Clinical predictions based on applications of the English measures were supported.

Janus Stands Alone

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-05-18

Although Janus should be the least lonely of all moons -- sharing its orbit with Epimetheus -- it still spends most of its orbit far from other moons, alone in the vastness of space. Janus (111 miles or 179 kilometers across) and Epimetheus have the same average distance from Saturn, but they take turns being a little closer or a little farther from Saturn, swapping positions approximately every 4 years. See PIA08348 for more. This view looks toward the sunlit side of the rings from about 19 degrees above the ringplane. The image was taken in visible light with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on Feb. 4, 2015. The view was acquired at a distance of approximately 1.6 million miles (2.5 million kilometers) from Janus and at a Sun-Janus-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 91 degrees. Image scale is 9 miles (15 kilometers) per pixel. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/pia18315

Coronal Polarization of Pseudostreamers and the Solar Polar Field Reversal

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rachmeler, L. A.; Guennou, C.; Seaton, D. B.; Gibson, S. E.; Auchere, F.

2016-01-01

The reversal of the solar polar magnetic field is notoriously hard to pin down due to the extreme viewing angle of the pole. In Cycle 24, the southern polar field reversal can be pinpointed with high accuracy due to a large-scale pseudostreamer that formed over the pole and persisted for approximately a year. We tracked the size and shape of this structure with multiple observations and analysis techniques including PROBA2/SWAP EUV images, AIA EUV images, CoMP polarization data, and 3D tomographic reconstructions. We find that the heliospheric field reversed polarity in February 2014, whereas in the photosphere, the last vestiges of the previous polar field polarity remained until March 2015. We present here the evolution of the structure and describe its identification in the Fe XII 1074nm coronal emission line, sensitive to the Hanle effect in the corona.

75 FR 79992 - End-User Exception to Mandatory Clearing of Security-Based Swaps

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-21

...In accordance with the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (``Dodd-Frank Act''), the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') is proposing new Rule 3Cg-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Exchange Act'') governing the exception to mandatory clearing of security-based swaps available for counterparties meeting certain conditions. The Commission is requesting comments on the proposed rule and related matters.

An Assessment of Debt-for-Education Swaps. Case Studies on Swap Initiatives between Germany and Indonesia and between Spain and El Salvador

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cassimon, Danny; Essers, Dennis; Renard, Robrecht

2011-01-01

A decade has passed since participants in the World Education Forum committed themselves to achieve, by 2015, the six Education for All (EFA) goals under the Dakar Framework for Action. Despite significant progress, some of the goals are likely to be missed by a large margin. Besides the absence of a well co-ordinated multi-donor approach in…

Quantum steganography with large payload based on entanglement swapping of χ-type entangled states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qu, Zhi-Guo; Chen, Xiu-Bo; Luo, Ming-Xing; Niu, Xin-Xin; Yang, Yi-Xian

2011-04-01

In this paper, we firstly propose a new simple method to calculate entanglement swapping of χ-type entangled states, and then present a novel quantum steganography protocol with large payload. The new protocol adopts entanglement swapping to build up the hidden channel within quantum secure direct communication with χ-type entangled states for securely transmitting secret messages. Comparing with the previous quantum steganographies, the capacity of the hidden channel is much higher, which is increased to eight bits. Meanwhile, due to the quantum uncertainty theorem and the no-cloning theorem its imperceptibility is proved to be great in the analysis, and its security is also analyzed in detail, which is proved that intercept-resend attack, measurement-resend attack, ancilla attack, man-in-the-middle attack or even Dos(Denial of Service) attack couldn't threaten it. As a result, the protocol can be applied in various fields of quantum communication.

Quantum coordinated multi-point communication based on entanglement swapping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Du, Gang; Shang, Tao; Liu, Jian-wei

2017-05-01

In a quantum network, adjacent nodes can communicate with each other point to point by using pre-shared Einsten-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs, and furthermore remote nodes can establish entanglement channels by using quantum routing among intermediate nodes. However, with the rapid development of quantum networks, the demand of various message transmission among nodes inevitably emerges. In order to realize this goal and extend quantum networks, we propose a quantum coordinated multi-point communication scheme based on entanglement swapping. The scheme takes full advantage of EPR pairs between adjacent nodes and performs multi-party entanglement swapping to transmit messages. Considering various demands of communication, all nodes work cooperatively to realize different message transmission modes, including one to many, many to one and one to some. Scheme analysis shows that the proposed scheme can flexibly organize a coordinated group and efficiently use EPR resources, while it meets basic security requirement under the condition of coordinated communication.

Highly efficient hyperentanglement concentration with two steps assisted by quantum swap gates.

PubMed

Ren, Bao-Cang; Long, Gui Lu

2015-11-10

We present a two-step hyperentanglement concentration protocol (hyper-ECP) for polarization-spatial hyperentangled Bell states based on the high-capacity character of hyperentanglement resorting to the swap gates, which is used to obtain maximally hyperentangled states from partially hyperentangled pure states in long-distance quantum communication. The swap gate, which is constructed with the giant optical circular birefringence (GOCB) of a diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center embedded in a photonic crystal cavity, can be used to transfer the information in one degree of freedom (DOF) between photon systems. By transferring the useful information between hyperentangled photon pairs, more photon pairs in maximally hyperentangled state can be obtained in our hyper-ECP, and the success probability of the hyper-ECP is greatly improved. Moreover, we show that the high-fidelity quantum gate operations can be achieved by mapping the infidelities to heralded losses even in the weak coupling regime.

High-fidelity entanglement swapping and generation of three-qubit GHZ state using asynchronous telecom photon pair sources.

PubMed

Tsujimoto, Yoshiaki; Tanaka, Motoki; Iwasaki, Nobuo; Ikuta, Rikizo; Miki, Shigehito; Yamashita, Taro; Terai, Hirotaka; Yamamoto, Takashi; Koashi, Masato; Imoto, Nobuyuki

2018-01-23

We experimentally demonstrate a high-fidelity entanglement swapping and a generation of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state using polarization-entangled photon pairs at telecommunication wavelength produced by spontaneous parametric down conversion with continuous-wave pump light. While spatially separated sources asynchronously emit photon pairs, the time-resolved photon detection guarantees the temporal indistinguishability of photons without active timing synchronizations of pump lasers and/or adjustment of optical paths. In the experiment, photons are sufficiently narrowed by fiber-based Bragg gratings with the central wavelengths of 1541 nm & 1580 nm, and detected by superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with low timing jitters. The observed fidelities of the final states for entanglement swapping and the generated three-qubit state were 0.84 ± 0.04 and 0.70 ± 0.05, respectively.

Highly efficient hyperentanglement concentration with two steps assisted by quantum swap gates

PubMed Central

Ren, Bao-Cang; Long, Gui Lu

2015-01-01

We present a two-step hyperentanglement concentration protocol (hyper-ECP) for polarization-spatial hyperentangled Bell states based on the high-capacity character of hyperentanglement resorting to the swap gates, which is used to obtain maximally hyperentangled states from partially hyperentangled pure states in long-distance quantum communication. The swap gate, which is constructed with the giant optical circular birefringence (GOCB) of a diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center embedded in a photonic crystal cavity, can be used to transfer the information in one degree of freedom (DOF) between photon systems. By transferring the useful information between hyperentangled photon pairs, more photon pairs in maximally hyperentangled state can be obtained in our hyper-ECP, and the success probability of the hyper-ECP is greatly improved. Moreover, we show that the high-fidelity quantum gate operations can be achieved by mapping the infidelities to heralded losses even in the weak coupling regime. PMID:26552898

Observation and Modelling of Soil Water Content Towards Improved Performance Indicators of Large Irrigation Schemes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Labbassi, Kamal; Akdim, Nadia; Alfieri, Silvia Maria; Menenti, Massimo

2014-05-01

Irrigation performance may be evaluated for different objectives such as equity, adequacy, or effectiveness. We are using two performance indicators: IP2 measures the consistency of the allocation of the irrigation water with gross Crop Water requirements, while IP3 measures the effectiveness of irrigation by evaluating the increase in crop transpiration between the case of no irrigation and the case of different levels of irrigation. To evaluate IP3 we need to calculate the soil water balance for the two cases. We have developed a system based on the hydrological model SWAP (Soil Water atmosphere Plant) to calculate spatial and temporal patterns of crop transpiration T(x, y, t) and of the vertical distribution of soil water content θ(x, y, z, t). On one hand, in the absence of ground measurement of soil water content to validate and evaluate the precision of the estimated one, a possibility would be to use satellite retrievals of top soil water content, such as the data to be provided by SMAP. On the other hand, to calculate IP3 we need root zone rather than top soil water content. In principle, we could use the model SWAP to establish a relationship between the top soil and root zone water content. Such relationship could be a simple empirical one or a data assimilation procedure. In our study area (Doukkala- Morocco) we have assessed the consistency of the water allocation with the actual irrigated area and crop water requirements (CWR) by using a combination of multispectral satellite image time series (i,e RapidEye (REIS), SPOT4 (HRVIR1) and Landsat 8 (OLI) images acquired during the 2012/2013 agricultural season). To obtain IP2 (x, y, t) we need to determine ETc (x, y, t). We have applied two (semi)empirical approaches: the first one is the Kc-NDVI method, based on the correlation between the Near Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the value of crop coefficient (kc); the second one is the analytical approach based on the direct application of Penman-Monteith equation with reflectance-based estimates of canopy biophysical variables, such as surface albedo (r), leaf area index (LAI) and crop height (hc). The validation of spatial results using the dual crop coefficient approach (kcb) showed that the satellite-based estimates of ETc corresponded well with ground-based ETc i.e, R²=0.75 and RMSE=0.79 versus R²=0.73 and RMSE=0.89 for respectively kc-NDVI and analytical approach. To monitor IP3 (x, y, t) with the SWAP model we mapped soil hydrological properties combining soil maps with grain size analysis of a number of samples, and agricultural crops using multi-temporal classification of NDVI time series. The assessment of irrigation performance in term of adequacy between requirement and allocation showed that CWR are much larger than water supply for entire area, this mismatch is improved in the beginning of the growing season by means of Irrigation water requirement (IWR) and even more using the net irrigation water requirement (NIWR) estimated using SWAP model. We expect that the availability of SMAP data products will significantly improve the reliability and temporal sampling of our indicators.

Comment on "Dynamic quantum secret sharing"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liao, Ci-Hong; Yang, Chun-Wei; Hwang, Tzonelish

2013-10-01

Hsu et al. (Quantum Inf Process 12:331-344,2013) proposed a dynamic quantum secret sharing (DQSS) protocol using the entanglement swapping of Bell states for an agent to easily join (or leave) the system. In 2013, Wang and Li (Quantum Inf Process 12(5):1991-1997, 2013) proposed a collusion attack on Hsu et al.'s DQSS protocol. Nevertheless, this study points out a new security issue on Hsu et al.'s DQSS protocol regarding to the honesty of a revoked agent. Without considering this issue, the DQSS protocol could be failed to provide secret sharing function.

The role of figure-ground segregation in change blindness.

PubMed

Landman, Rogier; Spekreijse, Henk; Lamme, Victor A F

2004-04-01

Partial report methods have shown that a large-capacity representation exists for a few hundred milliseconds after a picture has disappeared. However, change blindness studies indicate that very limited information remains available when a changed version of the image is presented subsequently. What happens to the large-capacity representation? New input after the first image may interfere, but this is likely to depend on the characteristics of the new input. In our first experiment, we show that a display containing homogeneous image elements between changing images does not render the large-capacity representation unavailable. Interference occurs when these new elements define objects. On that basis we introduce a new method to produce change blindness: The second experiment shows that change blindness can be induced by redefining figure and background, without an interval between the displays. The local features (line segments) that defined figures and background were swapped, while the contours of the figures remained where they were. Normally, changes are easily detected when there is no interval. However, our paradigm results in massive change blindness. We propose that in a change blindness experiment, there is a large-capacity representation of the original image when it is followed by a homogeneous interval display, but that change blindness occurs whenever the changed image forces resegregation of figures from the background.

Comparison of genetic algorithm methods for fuel management optimization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

DeChaine, M.D.; Feltus, M.A.

1995-12-31

The CIGARO system was developed for genetic algorithm fuel management optimization. Tests are performed to find the best fuel location swap mutation operator probability and to compare genetic algorithm to a truly random search method. Tests showed the fuel swap probability should be between 0% and 10%, and a 50% definitely hampered the optimization. The genetic algorithm performed significantly better than the random search method, which did not even satisfy the peak normalized power constraint.

Defining Total Force Fitness for the 21st Century

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-21

other properties – Swap the resulting high O-3 meat and eggs into food supplies for garrison menus – Measure effect of the swap diet on O-3 serum levels...trauma – 12% to 40% - the ―tough‖ are not immune • Rapid learning requirements and mental hardiness • Drug and supplement side effects and interactions...biological and chemical environmental hazards and maximize operational effectiveness in varied environments Medical Fitness • Medical Fitness is a