Cardiac imaging: working towards fully-automated machine analysis & interpretation.

PubMed

Slomka, Piotr J; Dey, Damini; Sitek, Arkadiusz; Motwani, Manish; Berman, Daniel S; Germano, Guido

2017-03-01

Non-invasive imaging plays a critical role in managing patients with cardiovascular disease. Although subjective visual interpretation remains the clinical mainstay, quantitative analysis facilitates objective, evidence-based management, and advances in clinical research. This has driven developments in computing and software tools aimed at achieving fully automated image processing and quantitative analysis. In parallel, machine learning techniques have been used to rapidly integrate large amounts of clinical and quantitative imaging data to provide highly personalized individual patient-based conclusions. Areas covered: This review summarizes recent advances in automated quantitative imaging in cardiology and describes the latest techniques which incorporate machine learning principles. The review focuses on the cardiac imaging techniques which are in wide clinical use. It also discusses key issues and obstacles for these tools to become utilized in mainstream clinical practice. Expert commentary: Fully-automated processing and high-level computer interpretation of cardiac imaging are becoming a reality. Application of machine learning to the vast amounts of quantitative data generated per scan and integration with clinical data also facilitates a move to more patient-specific interpretation. These developments are unlikely to replace interpreting physicians but will provide them with highly accurate tools to detect disease, risk-stratify, and optimize patient-specific treatment. However, with each technological advance, we move further from human dependence and closer to fully-automated machine interpretation.

Commentary: Leveraging discovery science to advance child and adolescent psychiatric research--a commentary on Zhao and Castellanos 2016.

PubMed

Mennes, Maarten

2016-03-01

'Big Data' and 'Population Imaging' are becoming integral parts of inspiring research aimed at delineating the biological underpinnings of psychiatric disorders. The scientific strategies currently associated with big data and population imaging are typically embedded in so-called discovery science, thereby pointing to the hypothesis-generating rather than hypothesis-testing nature of discovery science. In this issue, Yihong Zhao and F. Xavier Castellanos provide a compelling overview of strategies for discovery science aimed at progressing our understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders. In particular, they focus on efforts in genetic and neuroimaging research, which, together with extended behavioural testing, form the main pillars of psychopathology research. © 2016 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.

Cardiac imaging: working towards fully-automated machine analysis & interpretation

PubMed Central

Slomka, Piotr J; Dey, Damini; Sitek, Arkadiusz; Motwani, Manish; Berman, Daniel S; Germano, Guido

2017-01-01

Introduction Non-invasive imaging plays a critical role in managing patients with cardiovascular disease. Although subjective visual interpretation remains the clinical mainstay, quantitative analysis facilitates objective, evidence-based management, and advances in clinical research. This has driven developments in computing and software tools aimed at achieving fully automated image processing and quantitative analysis. In parallel, machine learning techniques have been used to rapidly integrate large amounts of clinical and quantitative imaging data to provide highly personalized individual patient-based conclusions. Areas covered This review summarizes recent advances in automated quantitative imaging in cardiology and describes the latest techniques which incorporate machine learning principles. The review focuses on the cardiac imaging techniques which are in wide clinical use. It also discusses key issues and obstacles for these tools to become utilized in mainstream clinical practice. Expert commentary Fully-automated processing and high-level computer interpretation of cardiac imaging are becoming a reality. Application of machine learning to the vast amounts of quantitative data generated per scan and integration with clinical data also facilitates a move to more patient-specific interpretation. These developments are unlikely to replace interpreting physicians but will provide them with highly accurate tools to detect disease, risk-stratify, and optimize patient-specific treatment. However, with each technological advance, we move further from human dependence and closer to fully-automated machine interpretation. PMID:28277804

A Four- and Five-Factor Structural Model for Wechsler Tests: Does It Really Matter Clinically?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwartz, David M.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this commentary is to focus on the clinical utility of the four- and five-factor structural models for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV). It provides a discussion of important considerations when evaluating the clinical utility of the…

The potential for machine learning algorithms to improve and reduce the cost of 3-dimensional printing for surgical planning.

PubMed

Huff, Trevor J; Ludwig, Parker E; Zuniga, Jorge M

2018-05-01

3D-printed anatomical models play an important role in medical and research settings. The recent successes of 3D anatomical models in healthcare have led many institutions to adopt the technology. However, there remain several issues that must be addressed before it can become more wide-spread. Of importance are the problems of cost and time of manufacturing. Machine learning (ML) could be utilized to solve these issues by streamlining the 3D modeling process through rapid medical image segmentation and improved patient selection and image acquisition. The current challenges, potential solutions, and future directions for ML and 3D anatomical modeling in healthcare are discussed. Areas covered: This review covers research articles in the field of machine learning as related to 3D anatomical modeling. Topics discussed include automated image segmentation, cost reduction, and related time constraints. Expert commentary: ML-based segmentation of medical images could potentially improve the process of 3D anatomical modeling. However, until more research is done to validate these technologies in clinical practice, their impact on patient outcomes will remain unknown. We have the necessary computational tools to tackle the problems discussed. The difficulty now lies in our ability to collect sufficient data.

Commentary on Muscle dysmorphia as an addiction: a response to Grant (2015) and Nieuwoudt (2015).

PubMed

Griffiths, Mark D; Foster, Andrew C; Shorter, Gillian W

2015-03-01

Following the publication of our paper ‘Muscle Dysmorphia: Could it be classified as an addiction to body image?’ in the Journal of Behavioral Addictions, two commentaries by Jon Grant and Johanna Nieuwoudt were published in response to our paper. Using the ‘addiction components model’, our main contention is that muscle dysmorphia (MD) actually comprises a number of different actions and behaviors and that the actual addictive activity is the maintaining of body image via a number of different activities such as bodybuilding, exercise, eating certain foods, taking specific drugs (e.g., anabolic steroids), shopping for certain foods, food supplements, and purchase or use of physical exercise accessories. This paper briefly responds to these two commentaries. While our hypothesized specifics relating to each addiction component sometimes lack empirical support (as noted explicitly by both Nieuwoudt and Grant), we still believe that our main thesis (that almost all the thoughts and behaviors of those with MD revolve around the maintenance of body image) is something that could be empirically tested in future research by those who already work in the area. We hope that the ‘Addiction to Body Image’ model we proposed provides a new framework for carrying out work in both empirical and clinical settings. The idea that MD could potentially be classed as an addiction cannot be negated on theoretical grounds as many people in the addiction field are turning their attention to research in new areas of behavioral addiction.

Cognitive Scientists Prefer Theories and Testable Principles with Teeth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graesser, Arthur C.

2009-01-01

Alexander, Schallert, and Reynolds (2009/this issue) proposed a definition and landscape of learning that included 9 principles and 4 dimensions ("what," "who," "where," "when"). This commentary reflects on the utility of this definition and 4-dimensional landscape from the standpoint of educational…

The Future of Distributed Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gronn, Peter

2008-01-01

Purpose: This paper aims to assess the empirical utility and conceptual significance of distributed leadership. Design/methodology/approach: Three main sources of evidence are drawn on. The paper reviews some neglected commentary of an early generation of distributed leadership theorists. It also discusses a strand of social science writings on…

Legotalk in the Research Park. Commentary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Webb, Nick

1997-01-01

Utilizes Uwe Poerksen's concept of "plastic words" to examine and criticize the preeminence given to research in art education. "Plastic words" refers to vague technical jargon that suggests meaning without actually providing it (e.g., development, process, goal-setting). Argues that this usage inherently corrupts and diverts any productive…

Commentary on muscle dysmorphia as an addiction: A response to Grant (2015) and Nieuwoudt (2015)

PubMed Central

FOSTER, ANDREW C.; SHORTER, GILLIAN W.

2015-01-01

Background Following the publication of our paper ‘Muscle Dysmorphia: Could it be classified as an addiction to body image?’ in the Journal of Behavioral Addictions, two commentaries by Jon Grant and Johanna Nieuwoudt were published in response to our paper. Method Using the ‘addiction components model’, our main contention is that muscle dysmorphia (MD) actually comprises a number of different actions and behaviors and that the actual addictive activity is the maintaining of body image via a number of different activities such as bodybuilding, exercise, eating certain foods, taking specific drugs (e.g., anabolic steroids), shopping for certain foods, food supplements, and purchase or use of physical exercise accessories. This paper briefly responds to these two commentaries. Results While our hypothesized specifics relating to each addiction component sometimes lack empirical support (as noted explicitly by both Nieuwoudt and Grant), we still believe that our main thesis (that almost all the thoughts and behaviors of those with MD revolve around the maintenance of body image) is something that could be empirically tested in future research by those who already work in the area. Conclusions We hope that the ‘Addiction to Body Image’ model we proposed provides a new framework for carrying out work in both empirical and clinical settings. The idea that MD could potentially be classed as an addiction cannot be negated on theoretical grounds as many people in the addiction field are turning their attention to research in new areas of behavioral addiction. PMID:25786494

Finding the Truth in Medical Imaging: Painting the Picture of Appropriateness for Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Canada.

PubMed

Vanderby, Sonia; Peña-Sánchez, Juan Nicolás; Kalra, Neil; Babyn, Paul

2015-11-01

Questions about the appropriateness of medical imaging exams, particularly related to magnetic resonance exams, have arisen in recent years. However, the prevalence of inappropriate imaging in Canada is unclear as inappropriate exam proportion estimates are often based on studies from other countries. Hence, we sought to compare and summarize Canadian studies related to magnetic resonance imaging appropriateness. We completed a systematic literature search identifying studies related to magnetic resonance appropriateness in Canada published between 2003 and 2013. Two researchers independently searched and evaluated the literature available. Articles that studied or discussed magnetic resonance appropriateness in Canada were selected based on titles, abstracts, and, where necessary, full article review. Articles relating solely to other modalities or countries were excluded, as were imaging appropriateness guidelines and reviews. Fourteen articles were included: 8 quantitative studies and 6 editorials/commentaries. The quantitative studies reported inappropriate proportions of magnetic resonance exams ranging from 2%-28.5%. Our review also revealed substantial variations among study methods and analyses. Common topics identified among editorials/commentaries included reasons for obtaining imaging in general and for selecting a specific modality, consequences of inappropriate imaging, factors contributing to demand, and suggested means of mitigating inappropriate medical imaging use. The available studies do not support the common claim that 30% of medical imaging exams in Canada are inappropriate. The actual proportion of inappropriate magnetic resonance exams has not yet been established conclusively in Canada. Further research, particularly on a widespread national scale, is needed to guide healthcare policies. Copyright © 2015 Canadian Association of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Magnetic resonance imaging in active surveillance—a modern approach

PubMed Central

Moore, Caroline M.

2018-01-01

In recent years, active surveillance has been increasingly adopted as a conservative management approach to low and sometimes intermediate risk prostate cancer, to avoid or delay treatment until there is evidence of higher risk disease. A number of studies have investigated the role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in this setting. MpMRI refers to the use of multiple MRI sequences (T2-weighted anatomical and functional imaging which can include diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast enhanced imaging, spectroscopy). Each of the parameters investigates different aspects of the prostate gland (anatomy, cellularity, vascularity, etc.). In addition to a qualitative assessment, the radiologist can also extrapolate quantitative imaging biomarkers from these sequences, for example the apparent diffusion coefficient from diffusion-weighted imaging. There are many different types of articles (e.g., reviews, commentaries, consensus meetings, etc.) that address the use of mpMRI in men on active surveillance for prostate cancer. In this paper, we compare original articles that investigate the role of the different mpMRI sequences in men on active surveillance for prostate cancer, in order to discuss the relative utility of the different sequences, and combinations of sequences. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed for manuscripts published from inception to 1st December 2017. The search terms used were (prostate cancer or prostate adenocarcinoma or prostatic carcinoma or prostate carcinoma or prostatic adenocarcinoma) and (MRI or NMR or magnetic resonance imaging or mpMRI or multiparametric MRI) and active surveillance. Overall, 425 publications were found. All abstracts were reviewed to identify papers with original data. Twenty-five papers were analysed and summarised. Some papers based their analysis only on one mpMRI sequence, while others assessed two or more. The evidence from this review suggests that qualitative assessments and quantitative data from different mpMRI sequences hold promise in the management of men on active surveillance for prostate cancer. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches should be considered when assessing mpMRI of the prostate. There is a need for robust studies assessing the relative utility of different combinations of sequences in a systematic manner to determine the most efficient use of mpMRI in men on active surveillance. PMID:29594026

Commentary: Narrative Ethnography as Applied Communication Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodall, H. L., Jr.

2004-01-01

The breadth and heuristic merits of Harold (Buddy) Goodall's scholarship exemplify the teachings and influence of Gerald Phillips. One nominator applauds Goodall's leadership and dedication to furthering the visibility and utility of applied communication. Goodall's research is also widely used in other fields such as sociology and anthropology,…

Book-Length Scholarly Essays as a Hybrid Genre in Science

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Varghese, Susheela Abraham; Abraham, Sunita Anne

2004-01-01

Drawing on existing work on popularizations, this investigation of book-length scholarly essays by practicing scientists across three disciplines reveals a hybrid genre that is neither popularization nor research report. The study utilizes both textual analysis and personal commentary from the writer-researchers to achieve a three-way comparison…

Research versus Advocacy in the Allocation of Resources: Problems, Causes, Solutions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Menolascino, Frank J.; Stark, Jack A.

1990-01-01

This commentary on EC 231 901 discusses whether resource allocations and service policies for mentally retarded individuals should be based upon purported findings of scientific theory or the purported needs of service systems. The paper calls for improved research utilization and understanding of what makes a social movement work. (JDD)

Commentary: Using Mixed Methods to Transform Special Education Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trainor, Audrey A.

2011-01-01

Klingner and Boardman (this issue) offer a cogent and compelling argument for opening the door for the acceptance and use of mixed methods in special education research. Self-identifying as pragmatists, they embody this paradigmatic view by focusing on the utility, efficacy, and accuracy of mixed methods, an argument that should appeal to the…

At the Intersection of Creativity and Civic Engagement: Adolescents' Literacies in Action

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bean, Thomas W.; Dunkerly-Bean, Judith

2016-01-01

The purpose of this commentary is to explore the intersection of creativity, civic engagement, and literacy instruction that takes into consideration real-world concerns. The authors define and consider recent work on creativity and utilize Westheimer's model of citizenship to frame an example of adolescents engaged in both purposeful literacies…

Imagining a Future for the Planet through Literature, Writing, Images, and Drama

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beach, Richard

2015-01-01

This Commentary posits the need to analyze how the energy/transportation, agricultural/food, and economic/political systems influence climate change through responding to literary "cli-fi" texts, place-based writing, visual representation of the effects of climate change, and drama activities.

[The Object Permanence Fallacy.] Commentary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bradley, Ben S.

1996-01-01

Suggests that Greenberg's challenge to the centrality of object permanence in developmental thinking reveals that developmentalists' theories about childhood speak about their own self-images. Notes that developmentalists have been guilty of not only the object permanence fallacy but also the genetic fallacy, or the mistaken belief that describing…

Current Youth Unrest: The Image of French Romanticism between 1800 and 1850.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seward, John Wesley, Jr.

This study analyzes the causes, philosophies, goals, psychologies, and mechanisms of current youth movements in comparison with the Romantic movements in France. Commentary is focused on: the prerevolutionary background history, revolution, Napoleon, post-Napoleonic France, romantic philosophy, French Romanticism, Chateaubriand, Lamartine, Hugo,…

Commentary: Reconsidering the Role of Context in Diabetes Prevention

PubMed Central

Mezuk, Briana; Concha, Jeannie B.; Perrin, Paul; Green, Tiffany

2017-01-01

A substantial gap remains between what we know about type 2 diabetes prevention and our ability to apply that knowledge in socially disadvantaged populations at highest risk. This gap results, in part, from a lack of integration between epidemiologic science and social psychology theory, particularly regarding the intersections of stress, self-regulatory health behaviors, and the biological mechanisms underlying the development of diabetes. In this commentary, we describe the utility of a theoretical framework that focuses on the intersection of biological, psychosocial, and environmental contexts as they apply to diabetes disparities, and how such a framework could inform a translational research agenda to reorient prevention efforts to address these inequalities. Such reorientation is needed to ensure that the implementation of prevention efforts does not inadvertently widen diabetes disparities. PMID:28115823

The Viability of Readiness Assessment in Contributing to Improved Career Services: Response to Jepsen (2000).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sampson, James P., Jr.; Peterson, Gary W.; Reardon, Robert C.; Lenz, Janet G.

2000-01-01

Responds to Jepsen's (this issue [2000]) commentary on Sampson et al.'s theory-based approach to using readiness assessment to improve career services. Three topics are included: the reliability and utility of using readiness assessment measures; verbal ability and the use of cognitive information-processing theory in practice; and the potential…

Advanced (Measurement) Applications of Curriculum-Based Measurement in Reading

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Petscher, Yaacov; Cummings, Kelli Dawn; Biancarosa, Gina; Fien, Hank

2013-01-01

The purpose of this article is to provide a commentary on the current state of several measurement issues pertaining to curriculum-based measures of reading (R-CBM). We begin by providing an overview of the utility of R-CBM, followed by a presentation of five specific measurements considerations: (a) the reliability of R-CBM oral reading fluency…

Playgrounds for Free: The Utilization of Used and Surplus Materials in Playground Construction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hogan, Paul

This book is a guide to setting up playgrounds from junk materials--used tires, cable reels, inner tubes, and railroad ties, among others--that are child-oriented rather than created primarily for the convenience of adult superintendents. Interwoven with many photographs and plans showing how to use the materials is the author's commentary--part…

Utility of KTEA-3 Error Analysis for the Diagnosis of Specific Learning Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flanagan, Dawn P.; Mascolo, Jennifer T.; Alfonso, Vincent C.

2017-01-01

Through the use of excerpts from one of our own case studies, this commentary applied concepts inherent in, but not limited to, the neuropsychological literature to the interpretation of performance on the Kaufman Tests of Educational Achievement-Third Edition (KTEA-3), particularly at the level of error analysis. The approach to KTEA-3 test…

Commentary on: Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research

PubMed Central

Brevers, Damien; Noel, Xavier

2015-01-01

Background This paper is a commentary to a debate article entitled: “Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research”, by Billieux et al. (2015). Methods and aim This brief response focused on the necessity to better characterize psychological and related neurocognitive determinants of persistent deleterious actions associated or not with substance utilization. Results A majority of addicted people could be driven by psychological functional reasons to keep using drugs, gambling or buying despite the growing number of related negative consequences. In addition, a non-negligible proportion of them would need assistance to restore profound disturbances in basic learning processes involved in compulsive actions. Conclusions The distinction between psychological functionality and compulsive aspects of addictive behaviors should represent a big step towards more efficient treatments. PMID:26551899

Incarceration and Women's Health: The Utility of Effective Health Education Programming--A Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robertson-James, Candace; Nunez, Ana

2012-01-01

The health and well-being of incarcerated women is a significant public health concern. Compared with non-incarcerated women, incarcerated women in the United States are more often from minority populations, younger (between the ages of 18 and 34 years), of low socioeconomic status, unemployed and mothers to children under 18 years of age. More…

Exploring the Influence of Accomplished Teachers' Video and Commentary Pairing on Teacher Candidates' Noticing and Thinking about Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hougan, Eric; Johnson, Heather; Novak, Daniel; Foote, Chandra; Palmeri, Amy

2018-01-01

Teacher preparation programs are facing increased demands to link pre-service teachers to expert teachers. Literature has highlighted that utilizing accomplished teacher videos has the potential to buttress pre-service teachers' professional learning. Over the last decade, several platforms have been developed that offer expert teacher videos and…

Selection and utilization of assessment instruments in substance abuse treatment trials: the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network experience.

PubMed

Rosa, Carmen; Ghitza, Udi; Tai, Betty

2012-07-17

Based on recommendations from a US Institute of Medicine report, the National Institute on Drug Abuse established the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN) in 1999, to accelerate the translation of science-based addiction treatment research into community-based practice, and to improve the quality of addiction treatment, using science as the vehicle. One of the CTN's primary tasks is to serve as a platform to forge bi-directional communications and collaborations between providers and scientists, to enhance the relevance of research, which generates empirical results that impact practice. Among many obstacles in moving research into real-world settings, this commentary mainly describes challenges and iterative experiences in regard to how the CTN develops its research protocols, with focus on how the CTN study teams select and utilize assessment instruments, which can reasonably balance the interests of both research scientists and practicing providers when applied in CTN trials. This commentary also discusses the process by which the CTN further selects a core set of common assessment instruments that may be applied across all trials, to allow easier cross-study analyses of comparable data.

Blacks and High Self-Esteem: A Puzzle

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simmons, Roberta G.

1978-01-01

Changes in research findings related to the self-esteem of blacks may be due to the impact of ideology; or to methodological differences, such as the populations studied, the definitions and dimensions of self-image conceptualized, and the measures used. This article is a commentary on the previous Adam article (TM 503 243). (BW)

Laryngeal High-Speed Videoendoscopy: Rationale and Recommendation for Accurate and Consistent Terminology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deliyski, Dimitar D.; Hillman, Robert E.; Mehta, Daryush D.

2015-01-01

Purpose: The authors discuss the rationale behind the term "laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy" to describe the application of high-speed endoscopic imaging techniques to the visualization of vocal fold vibration. Method: Commentary on the advantages of using accurate and consistent terminology in the field of voice research is…

Commentary driver training: Effects of commentary exposure, practice and production on hazard perception and eye movements.

PubMed

Young, Angela H; Crundall, David; Chapman, Peter

2017-04-01

Commentary driving typically involves being trained in how to produce a verbal running commentary about what you can see, what you are doing, what might happen and what action you will take to avoid potential hazards, while driving. Although video-based commentary training has been associated with subsequent hazard perception improvements, it can have a negative impact on hazard perception when a live commentary is produced at test (Young, Chapman, & Crundall, 2014). In the current study we use balanced training and testing blocks to isolate the effects of commentary exposure, production of a commentary with and without practice, and learning from earlier self-generation of commentary on behavioural and eye movement measures. Importantly, both commentary exposed and unexposed groups gave hazard perception responses during the commentary video, ensuring that the unexposed control group remained engaged in the procedure throughout. Results show that producing a live commentary is detrimental to concurrent hazard perception, even after practice, and does not enhance any later effect of commentary exposure. Although commentary exposure led to an initial increase in the accuracy of hazard perception responses, this effect was limited to the first occasion of testing, and showed no later benefits relative to engaged hazard exposure. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Value-based insurance design: benefits beyond cost and utilization.

PubMed

Gibson, Teresa B; Maclean, Ross J; Chernew, Michael E; Fendrick, A Mark; Baigel, Colin

2015-01-01

As value-based insurance design (VBID) programs proliferate, evidence is emerging on the impact of VBID. To date, studies have largely measured VBID impact on utilization, and a few studies have assessed its impact on quality, outcomes, and cost. In this commentary we discuss these domains, summarize evidence, and propose the extension of measurement of VBID impact into areas including workplace productivity and quality of life, employee and patient engagement, and talent attraction and retention. We contend that VBID evaluations should consider a broad variety of programmatic dividends on both humanistic and health-related outcomes.

Commentary an urgent need for an EPA standard for disposal of coal ash

Treesearch

A. Dennis Lemly

2014-01-01

EPA, the White House, and electric utilities are stalled in a struggle over a proposed new rule on coal ash disposal. Although this rule is long overdue, EPA now stands on the cusp of bringing forward a landmark decision that could benefit aquatic resources in the USA for decades to come and also set an important regulatory leadership example for the international...

Group Counseling with South Asian Immigrant High School Girls: Reflections and Commentary of a Group Facilitator

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thakore-Dunlap, Ulash; Van Velsor, Patricia

2014-01-01

The diversity of the U.S. school population speaks to a need to provide support for youth from various backgrounds. As a school-based mental health counselor, the first author observed that the South Asian immigrant students at her school did not utilize any of the counseling services provided. Because South Asians are typically collectivistic,…

Commentary: Working Memory Training and ADHD--Where Does Its Potential Lie? Reflections on Chacko et al. (2014)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gathercole, Susan E.

2014-01-01

Chacko et al.'s investigation of the clinical utility of WM training to alleviate key symptoms of ADHD is timely and substantial, and marks a significant point in cognitive training research. Cogmed Working Memory Training (CWMT) involves intensive practice on multiple memory span tasks that increase in difficulty as performance improves with…

Health utility of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PubMed

Malinowski, Krzysztof Piotr; Kawalec, Paweł

2016-08-01

The aim of this systematic review was to collect and summarize the current data on the utilities of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). A meta-analysis of the obtained utilities was performed using a random-effects model and meta-regression by the disease type and severity. A bootstrap analysis was performed as it does not require assumption on distribution of the data. The highest utility among patients with CD and UC was observed when the diseases were in remission. The meta-regression analysis showed that both disease severity and an instrument/method/questionnaire used to obtain utilities were significant predictors of utility. Utility was the lowest for severe disease and the highest for disease in remission, the association was more notable in patients with CD compared with UC. Expert commentary: The issue of patients' utility is important for healthcare decision makers but it has not been fully investigated and requires further study.

Clinical pharmacy academic career transitions: Viewpoints from the field Part 2: Understanding and balancing the distribution of effort.

PubMed

Thompson, Angela; Blackmer, Allison; Jeffres, Meghan; Glode, Ashley; Mahyari, Nila; Thompson, Megan

2018-02-01

The six authors of this commentary series, who have recently transitioned into or within an academic career, discuss challenging aspects of an academic career change. The authors represent faculty members teaching within a large, state-funded, research-intensive School of Pharmacy located within a large academic health center. The authors have various backgrounds and represent individuals making transitions at various points in their careers (from residency into academia, from a non-academic environment into academia, and from one academic environment to another). This is Part 2 of a three-part commentary series that focuses on understanding and balancing the distribution of effort. Parts 1 and 3 of this commentary series explore feedback, evaluation and advancement; and learning when and how to say yes, respectively. While the entire series is intended to be read in continuity, faculty, or those interested in pursuing a career in pharmacy academia, can refer to Part 2 as a reference to aid in understanding and balancing the different components and the distribution of effort associated with a position in academic pharmacy, specifically. Schools of Pharmacy may utilize this as a tool for new faculty members during orientation in order to help ensure faculty success. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

THE ROLE AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ECCENTRIC TRAINING IN ATHLETIC REHABILITATION: TENDINOPATHY, HAMSTRING STRAINS, AND ACL RECONSTRUCTION

PubMed Central

Reiman, Michael

2011-01-01

The benefits and proposed physiological mechanisms of eccentric exercise have previously been elucidated and eccentric exercise has been used for well over seventy years. Traditionally, eccentric exercise has been used as a regular component of strength training. However, in recent years, eccentric exercise has been used in rehabilitation to manage a host of conditions. Of note, there is evidence in the literature supporting eccentric exercise for the rehabilitation of tendinopathies, muscle strains, and in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rehabilitation. The purpose of this Clinical Commentary is to discuss the physiologic mechanism of eccentric exercise as well as to review the literature regarding the utilization of eccentric training during rehabilitation. A secondary purpose of this commentary is to provide the reader with a framework for the implementation of eccentric training during rehabilitation of tendinopathies, muscle strains, and after ACL reconstruction. PMID:21655455

Generalizing on best practices in image processing: a model for promoting research integrity: Commentary on: Avoiding twisted pixels: ethical guidelines for the appropriate use and manipulation of scientific digital images.

PubMed

Benos, Dale J; Vollmer, Sara H

2010-12-01

Modifying images for scientific publication is now quick and easy due to changes in technology. This has created a need for new image processing guidelines and attitudes, such as those offered to the research community by Doug Cromey (Cromey 2010). We suggest that related changes in technology have simplified the task of detecting misconduct for journal editors as well as researchers, and that this simplification has caused a shift in the responsibility for reporting misconduct. We also argue that the concept of best practices in image processing can serve as a general model for education in best practices in research.

Image, Myth and Beyond. American Women and American Studies. Vol. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chmaj, Betty E.

The status of American women and women's studies are described. Part 1 of the report covers the status of women in universities and the professions. Part 2, on courses and programs, deals with course syllabi and commentary, programs of women's studies courses at specific institutions, continuing education programs, and a women's history research…

Science & Technology Review November 2006

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Radousky, H

This months issue has the following articles: (1) Expanded Supercomputing Maximizes Scientific Discovery--Commentary by Dona Crawford; (2) Thunder's Power Delivers Breakthrough Science--Livermore's Thunder supercomputer allows researchers to model systems at scales never before possible. (3) Extracting Key Content from Images--A new system called the Image Content Engine is helping analysts find significant but hard-to-recognize details in overhead images. (4) Got Oxygen?--Oxygen, especially oxygen metabolism, was key to evolution, and a Livermore project helps find out why. (5) A Shocking New Form of Laserlike Light--According to research at Livermore, smashing a crystal with a shock wave can result in coherent light.

Measurement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in assessment and management of cardiovascular disease risk.

PubMed

Jialal, I; Remaley, A T

2014-07-01

The deposition of cholesterol in the arterial wall by the infiltration of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) is a key step in the development of atherosclerosis. In this Commentary, we discuss recent recommendations for clinical laboratory measurement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and its utility both for assessing cardiovascular disease risk and as a tool in the management of patients receiving lipid-lowering therapy.

The NASTRAN theoretical manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1981-01-01

Designed to accommodate additions and modifications, this commentary on NASTRAN describes the problem solving capabilities of the program in a narrative fashion and presents developments of the analytical and numerical procedures that underlie the program. Seventeen major sections and numerous subsections cover; the organizational aspects of the program, utility matrix routines, static structural analysis, heat transfer, dynamic structural analysis, computer graphics, special structural modeling techniques, error analysis, interaction between structures and fluids, and aeroelastic analysis.

Response to ‘comment on recent modeling studies of astrocyte–neuron metabolic interactions': much ado about nothing

PubMed Central

Mangia, Silvia; DiNuzzo, Mauro; Giove, Federico; Carruthers, Anthony; Simpson, Ian A; Vannucci, Susan J

2011-01-01

For many years, a tenet of cerebral metabolism held that glucose was the obligate energy substrate of the mammalian brain and that neuronal oxidative metabolism represented the majority of this glucose utilization. In 1994, Pellerin and Magistretti formulated the astrocyte–neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) hypothesis, in which astrocytes, not neurons, metabolized glucose, with subsequent transport of the glycolytically derived lactate to fuel the energy needs of the neuron during neurotransmission. By considering the concentrations and kinetic characteristics of the nutrient transporter proteins, Simpson et al later supported the opposite view, in which lactate flows from neurons to astrocytes, thus leading to the neuron–astrocyte lactate shuttle (NALS). Most recently, a commentary was published in this journal attempting to discredit the NALS. This challenge has stimulated the present response in which we detail the inaccuracies of the commentary and further model several different possibilities. Although our simulations continue to support the predominance of neuronal glucose utilization during activation and neuronal to astrocytic lactate flow, the most important result is that, regardless of the direction of the flow, the overall contribution of lactate to cerebral glucose metabolism is found to be so small as to make this ongoing debate ‘much ado about nothing'. PMID:21427731

Blurring the Line between Researcher and Researched in Interview Studies: A Feminist Practice?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yost, Megan R.; Chmielewski, Jennifer F.

2013-01-01

This commentary is intended to serve as a companion to the authors' original research article ("Psychosocial Influences on Bisexual Women's Body Image Negotiating Gender and Sexuality," "Psychology of Women Quarterly," v37 n2 p224-241 Jun 2013) and to contribute to the conversation on feminist research methods. In it,…

Using Ken Burns's "The Civil War" in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levin, Kevin M.

2010-01-01

When it aired in 1989, Ken Burns's epic documentary about America's Civil War garnered the largest audience in PBS history. Viewers who had little interest or knowledge of the Civil War were attracted to the powerful images and sounds as well as the narration by David McCullough and commentary by Shelby Foote--the combination of which served to…

Taking action on developmental toxicity: Scientists’ duties to protect children

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Although adaptation and proper biological functioning require developmental programming, pollutant interference can cause developmental toxicity or DT. Objectives This commentary assesses whether it is ethical for citizens/physicians/scientists to allow avoidable DT. Methods Using conceptual, economic, ethical, and logical analysis, the commentary assesses what major ethical theories and objectors would say regarding the defensibility of allowing avoidable DT. Results The commentary argues that (1) none of the four major ethical theories (based, respectively, on virtue, natural law, utility, or equity) can consistently defend avoidable DT because it unjustifiably harms, respectively, individual human flourishing, human life, the greatest good, and equality. (2) Justice also requires leaving “as much and as good” biological resources for all, including future generations possibly harmed if epigenetic change is heritable. (3) Scientists/physicians have greater justice-based duties, than ordinary/average citizens, to help stop DT because they help cause it and have greater professional abilities/opportunities to help stop it. (4) Scientists/physicians likewise have greater justice-based duties, than ordinary/average citizens, to help stop DT because they benefit more from it, given their relatively greater education/consumption/income. The paper shows that major objections to (3)-(4) fail on logical, ethical, or scientific grounds, then closes with practical suggestions for implementing its proposals. Conclusions Because allowing avoidable DT is ethically indefensible, citizens---and especially physicians/scientists---have justice-based duties to help stop DT. PMID:22963689

Taking action on developmental toxicity: scientists' duties to protect children.

PubMed

Shrader-Frechette, Kristin

2012-09-10

Although adaptation and proper biological functioning require developmental programming, pollutant interference can cause developmental toxicity or DT. This commentary assesses whether it is ethical for citizens/physicians/scientists to allow avoidable DT. Using conceptual, economic, ethical, and logical analysis, the commentary assesses what major ethical theories and objectors would say regarding the defensibility of allowing avoidable DT. The commentary argues that (1) none of the four major ethical theories (based, respectively, on virtue, natural law, utility, or equity) can consistently defend avoidable DT because it unjustifiably harms, respectively, individual human flourishing, human life, the greatest good, and equality. (2) Justice also requires leaving "as much and as good" biological resources for all, including future generations possibly harmed if epigenetic change is heritable. (3) Scientists/physicians have greater justice-based duties, than ordinary/average citizens, to help stop DT because they help cause it and have greater professional abilities/opportunities to help stop it. (4) Scientists/physicians likewise have greater justice-based duties, than ordinary/average citizens, to help stop DT because they benefit more from it, given their relatively greater education/consumption/income. The paper shows that major objections to (3)-(4) fail on logical, ethical, or scientific grounds, then closes with practical suggestions for implementing its proposals. Because allowing avoidable DT is ethically indefensible, citizens---and especially physicians/scientists---have justice-based duties to help stop DT.

Mental Health Manpower, Volume I: An Annotated Bibliography and Commentary, and Volume II: Recruitment, Training and Utilization - A Compilation of Articles, Surveys, and a Review of Applicable Literature.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klutch, Murray

The study was designed to provide a base for mental health manpower planning. The first and principal section of Volume I is an annotated bibliography of applicable articles and books. An index lists items included in the bibliography according to subject and profession. A discussion of two conceptual approaches to alleviating the manpower…

Occupational lead poisoning: who should conduct surveillance and training?

PubMed

Keogh, J P; Gordon, J

1994-11-01

This commentary challenges the current employer-controlled model for delivering occupational health services. Problems emanating from traditional employer-based medical surveillance and worker education programs for occupational lead poisoning are identified. A new public health model for delivering these services is proposed. This model utilizes a case-based and hazard-based method for bringing workplaces and employers into the program and features direct delivery of surveillance and training services by public health agencies.

Science and Technology Review June 2005

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aufderheide, M

2005-05-03

This is the articles in this month's issue: (1) Close Collaborations Advance Progress in Genomic Research--Commentary by Elbert Branscomb; (2) Mining Genomes--Livermore computer programs help locate the stretches of DNA in gene deserts that regulate protein-making genes; (3) Shedding Light on Quantum Physics--Laboratory laser research builds from the foundation of Einstein's description of the quantization of light. (4) The Sharper Image for Surveillance--Speckle imaging-an image-processing technique used in astronomy is bringing long-distance surveillance into sharper focus. (5) Keeping Cool Close to the Sun--The specially coated gamma-ray spectrometer aboard the MESSENGER spacecraft will help scientists determine the abundance of elements inmore » Mercury's crust.« less

Health Care Providers in War and Armed Conflict: Operational and Educational Challenges in International Humanitarian Law and the Geneva Conventions, Part II. Educational and Training Initiatives.

PubMed

Burkle, Frederick M; Kushner, Adam L; Giannou, Christos; Paterson, Mary A; Wren, Sherry M; Burnham, Gilbert

2018-05-07

ABSTRACTNo discipline has been impacted more by war and armed conflict than health care has. Health systems and health care providers are often the first victims, suffering increasingly heinous acts that cripple the essential health delivery and public health infrastructure necessary for the protection of civilian and military victims of the state at war. This commentary argues that current instructional opportunities to prepare health care providers fall short in both content and preparation, especially in those operational skill sets necessary to manage multiple challenges, threats, and violations under international humanitarian law and to perform triage management in a resource-poor medical setting. Utilizing a historical framework, the commentary addresses the transformation of the education and training of humanitarian health professionals from the Cold War to today followed by recommendations for the future. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;page 1 of 14).

Collective rationality: the integrative model explains it (as) well.

PubMed

Van Lange, Paul A M

2008-06-01

In this commentary, I argue that there is indeed considerable evidence in support of the notion that people tend to reason from a collective (or team) perspective by asking themselves questions such as "What do we want, and what should I do help achieve it?" [Colman, A. M., Pulford, B. D., & Rose, J. (2008). Collective rationality in interactive decisions: Evidence for team reasoning. Acta Psychologica]. As such, in my view, team reasoning -- and thinking, feeling, and acting in terms of collective rationality -- is consistent with a social utility model (or transformational model) which considers the weights that people attach not only to outcomes for self, but also to outcomes for other, and to equality in outcomes [Van Lange, P. A. M. (1999). The pursuit of joint outcomes and equality in outcomes: An integrative model of social value orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,77, 337-349]. This commentary provides an illustration demonstrating that the integrative model is well-suited to account for the findings observed by Colman et al. (2008).

Clinical pharmacy academic career transitions: Viewpoints from the field part 3: Learning when and how to say yes.

PubMed

Jeffres, Meghan N; Blackmer, Allison B; Thompson, Angela M; Glode, Ashley E; Mahyari, Nila; Thompson, Megan

2018-02-01

The six authors of this commentary series, who have recently transitioned into or within an academic career, discuss challenging aspects of an academic career change. This is Part 3 of a three-part commentary series that focuses on when and how to say yes to the multitude of opportunities available to pharmacy practice faculty. Part 1 discusses feedback, evaluation, and advancement. Part 2 explains distribution of effort (DOE) and how to marry the different components of teaching, research, and service. While the entire series is intended to be read in continuity, faculty, or those interested in pursuing a career in pharmacy academia, can refer to Part 3 as a reference on how to screen opportunities within academia to maximize professional and personal growth and minimize career burnout. Schools of pharmacy may utilize this as a tool for new faculty members during orientation to help ensure faculty success. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Editorial Commentary: Single-Image Slice Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessments Do Not Predict 3-Dimensional Muscle Volume.

PubMed

Brand, Jefferson C

2016-01-01

No single-image magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment-Goutallier classification, Fuchs classification, or cross-sectional area-is predictive of whole-muscle volume or fatty atrophy of the supraspinatus or infraspinatus. Rather, 3-dimensional MRI measurement of whole-muscle volume and fat-free muscle volume is required and is associated with shoulder strength, which is clinically relevant. Three-dimensional MRI may represent a new gold standard for assessment of the rotator cuff musculature using imaging and may help to predict the feasibility of repair of a rotator cuff tear as well as the postoperative outcome. Unfortunately, 3-dimensional MRI assessment of muscle volume is labor intensive and is not widely available for clinical use. Copyright © 2016 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Online commentary during the physical examination: a communication tool for avoiding inappropriate antibiotic prescribing?

PubMed

Mangione-Smith, Rita; Stivers, Tanya; Elliott, Marc; McDonald, Laurie; Heritage, John

2003-01-01

A previously identified communication behavior, online commentary, is physician talk that describes what he/she is seeing, feeling, or hearing during the physical examination of the patient. The investigators who identified this communication behavior hypothesized that its use may be associated with successful physician resistance to perceived or actual patient expectations for inappropriate antibiotic medication. This paper examines the relationship between actual and perceived parental expectations for antibiotics and physician use of online commentary as well as the relationship between online commentary use and the physician's prescribing decision. We conducted a prospective observational study in two private pediatric practices. Study procedures included a pre-visit parent survey, audiotaping of study consultations, and post-visit surveys of the participating physicians. Ten pediatricians participated (participation rate=77%) and 306 eligible parents participated (participation rate=86%) who were attending sick visits for their children with upper respiratory tract infections between October 1996 and March 1997. The main outcomes measured were the proportion of consultations with online commentary and the proportion of consultations where antibiotics were prescribed. Two primary types of online commentaries were observed: (1) online commentary suggestive of a problematic finding on physical examination that might require antibiotic treatment ('problem' online commentary), e.g., "That cough sounds very chesty"; and (2) online commentary that indicated the physical examination findings were not problematic and antibiotics were probably not necessary ('no problem' online commentary), e.g., "Her throat is only slightly red". For presumed viral cases where the physician thought the parent expected to receive antibiotics, if the physician used at least some 'problem' online commentary, he/she prescribed antibiotics in 91% (10/11) of cases. Conversely, when the physician exclusively employed 'no problem' online commentary, antibiotics were prescribed 27% (4/15) of the time (p = 0.07). Use of 'no problem' online commentary did not add significantly to visit length. 'No problem' online commentary is a communication technique that may provide an effective and efficient method for resisting perceived expectations to prescribe antibiotics. Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd.

Reducing the negative effects of media exposure on body image: Testing the effectiveness of subvertising and disclaimer labels.

PubMed

Frederick, David A; Sandhu, Gaganjyot; Scott, Terri; Akbari, Yasmin

2016-06-01

Body image activists have proposed adding disclaimer labels to digitally altered media as a way to promote positive body image. Another approach advocated by activists is to alter advertisements through subvertising (adding social commentary to the image to undermine the message of the advertisement). We examined if body image could be enhanced by attaching Photoshop disclaimers or subvertising to thin-ideal media images of swimsuit models. In Study 1 (N=1268), adult women exposed to disclaimers or subvertising did not report higher body state satisfaction or lower drive for thinness than women exposed to unaltered images. In Study 2 (N=820), adult women who were exposed to disclaimers or subvertising did not report higher state body satisfaction or lower state social appearance comparisons than women exposed to unaltered images or to no images. These results raise questions about the effectiveness of disclaimers and subvertising for promoting body satisfaction. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

12 CFR 987.9 - Reference to certain Department of Treasury commentary and determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... commentary and determinations. 987.9 Section 987.9 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE BOARD OFFICE OF FINANCE BOOK-ENTRY PROCEDURE FOR CONSOLIDATED OBLIGATIONS § 987.9 Reference to certain Department of Treasury commentary and determinations. (a) The Department of Treasury TRADES Commentary (31 CFR part 357...

"But I Like My Body": Positive body image characteristics and a holistic model for young-adult women.

PubMed

Wood-Barcalow, Nichole L; Tylka, Tracy L; Augustus-Horvath, Casey L

2010-03-01

Extant body image research has provided a rich understanding of negative body image but a rather underdeveloped depiction of positive body image. Thus, this study used Grounded Theory to analyze interviews from 15 college women classified as having positive body image and five body image experts. Many characteristics of positive body image emerged, including appreciating the unique beauty and functionality of their body, filtering information (e.g., appearance commentary, media ideals) in a body-protective manner, defining beauty broadly, and highlighting their body's assets while minimizing perceived imperfections. A holistic model emerged: when women processed mostly positive and rejected negative source information, their body investment decreased and body evaluation became more positive, illustrating the fluidity of body image. Women reciprocally influenced these sources (e.g., mentoring others to love their bodies, surrounding themselves with others who promote body acceptance, taking care of their health), which, in turn, promoted increased positive source information. Copyright 2010. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Team talk and team activity in simulated medical emergencies: a discourse analytical approach.

PubMed

Gundrosen, Stine; Andenæs, Ellen; Aadahl, Petter; Thomassen, Gøril

2016-11-14

Communication errors can reduce patient safety, especially in emergency situations that require rapid responses by experts in a number of medical specialties. Talking to each other is crucial for utilizing the collective expertise of the team. Here we explored the functions of "team talk" (talking between team members) with an emphasis on the talk-work relationship in interdisciplinary emergency teams. Five interdisciplinary medical emergency teams were observed and videotaped during in situ simulations at an emergency department at a university hospital in Norway. Team talk and simultaneous actions were transcribed and analysed. We used qualitative discourse analysis to perform structural mapping of the team talk and to analyse the function of online commentaries (real-time observations and assessments of observations based on relevant cues in the clinical situation). Structural mapping revealed recurring and diverse patterns. Team expansion stood out as a critical phase in the teamwork. Online commentaries that occurred during the critical phase served several functions and demonstrated the inextricable interconnections between team talk and actions. Discourse analysis allowed us to capture the dynamics and complexity of team talk during a simulated emergency situation. Even though the team talk did not follow a predefined structure, the team members managed to manoeuvre safely within the complex situation. Our results support that online commentaries contributes to shared team situation awareness. Discourse analysis reveals naturally occurring communication strategies that trigger actions relevant for safe practice and thus provides supplemental insights into what comprises "good" team communication in medical emergencies.

Wink, wink, nudge, nudge... maybe we need more than incentives to get us moving.

PubMed

Ellen, Moriah; Shamian, Judith

2012-01-01

In the lead essay, Oliver differentiates between utilizing incentives to motivate single simple behaviour changes (e.g., getting immunizations, undergoing screening tests) and using them to motivate sustained behaviour changes (e.g., losing weight, quitting smoking). This commentary focuses on the latter. Here, the authors talk about four main points related to the lead article: (1) governmental intervention, (2) understanding why people do not change their behaviour, (3) contemplating motivational "nudges" other than money and (4) other policy considerations.

Financial incentives: only one piece of the workplace wellness puzzle comment on "corporate wellness programs: implementation challenges in the modern american workplace".

PubMed

Busum, Kristin Van; Mattke, Soeren

2013-11-01

In this commentary, we argue that financial incentives are only one of many key components that employers should consider when designing and implementing a workplace wellness program. Strategies such as social encouragement and providing token rewards may also be effective in improving awareness and engagement. Should employers choose to utilize financial incentives, they should tailor them to the goals for the program as well as the targeted behaviors and health outcomes.

Commentary Variations: Level of Verbalization, Personal Reference, and Phase Relations in Instructional Films on Perceptual-Motor Tasks. Technical Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zuckerman, John V.

In an experiment to determine the most efficient design for the commentary of an instructional film, special consideration was given to three variables concerned with the construction of commentaries: the level of verbalization (the amount of talk), the personal reference of the narrator, and the phase relationship between the commentary and the…

Taking the lead from our colleagues in medical education: the use of images of the in-vivo setting in teaching concepts of pharmaceutical science.

PubMed

Curley, Louise E; Kennedy, Julia; Hinton, Jordan; Mirjalili, Ali; Svirskis, Darren

2017-01-01

Despite pharmaceutical sciences being a core component of pharmacy curricula, few published studies have focussed on innovative methodologies to teach the content. This commentary identifies imaging techniques which can visualise oral dosage forms in-vivo and observe formulation disintegration in order to achieve a better understanding of in-vivo performance. Images formed through these techniques can provide students with a deeper appreciation of the fate of oral formulations in the body compared to standard disintegration and dissolution testing, which is conducted in-vitro. Such images which represent the in-vivo setting can be used in teaching to give context to both theory and experimental work, thereby increasing student understanding and enabling teaching of pharmaceutical sciences supporting students to correlate in-vitro and in-vivo processes.

Blogs: A New Frontier for School Discipline Issues. A Legal Memorandum: Quarterly Law Topics for School Leaders. Vol. 7, No. 1, Fall 2006

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kirby, Elizabeth; Kallio, Brenda

2006-01-01

Blogging is a widely used means of communication for millions of Internet users around the world. Blogs, which are Web sites or Weblogs where entries may be posted on a regular basis, frequently serve as online diaries or commentaries and may include text, images, and links to other sources. Diaries are no longer kept under lock and key. Today's…

Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) - beyond depression.

PubMed

Tendler, Aron; Barnea Ygael, Noam; Roth, Yiftach; Zangen, Abraham

2016-10-01

Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) utilizes different H-coils to study and treat a variety of psychiatric and neurological conditions with identifiable brain targets. The availability of this technology is dramatically changing the practice of psychiatry and neurology as it provides a safe and effective way to treat even drug-resistant patients. However, up until now, no effort was made to summarize the different types of H-coils that are available, and the conditions for which they were tested. Areas covered: Here we assembled all peer reviewed publication that used one of the H-coils, together with illustrations of the effective field they generate within the brain. Currently, the technology has FDA clearance for depression and European clearance for additional disorders, and multi-center trials are exploring its safety and effectiveness for OCD, PTSD, bipolar depression and nicotine addiction. Expert commentary: Taken together with positive results in smaller scale experiments, dTMS coils represent a non-invasive way to manipulate pathological activity in different brain structures and circuits. Advances in stimulation and imaging methods can now lead to efficacious and logical treatments. This should reduce the stigma associated with mental disorders, and improve access to psychiatric treatment.

Surface Plasmon Resonance: New Biointerface Designs and High-Throughput Affinity Screening

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Linman, Matthew J.; Cheng, Quan Jason

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a surface optical technique that measures minute changes in refractive index at a metal-coated surface. It has become increasingly popular in the study of biological and chemical analytes because of its label-free measurement feature. In addition, SPR allows for both quantitative and qualitative assessment of binding interactions in real time, making it ideally suited for probing weak interactions that are often difficult to study with other methods. This chapter presents the biosensor development in the last 3 years or so utilizing SPR as the principal analytical technique, along with a concise background of the technique itself. While SPR has demonstrated many advantages, it is a nonselective method and so, building reproducible and functional interfaces is vital to sensing applications. This chapter, therefore, focuses mainly on unique surface chemistries and assay approaches to examine biological interactions with SPR. In addition, SPR imaging for high-throughput screening based on microarrays and novel hyphenated techniques involving the coupling of SPR to other analytical methods is discussed. The chapter concludes with a commentary on the current state of SPR biosensing technology and the general direction of future biosensor research.

Friending Brandeis: Privacy and Government Surveillance in the Era of Social Media

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

colonial postmaster, warned patrons of the service: 56 William Blackstone , “Commentaries on the Law of...England,” 1769, http://www.lonang.com/exlibris/ blackstone . 57 Joel P. Bishop, Bishop Commentaries on Criminal Law, 670, 1882. 58 United States Postal...Bishop, Joel P. Bishop Commentaries on Criminal Law. 670, 1882. Blackstone , William. “Commentaries on the Law of England.” 1769. http://www.lonang.com

Quality of Life in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Commentary on Nonsurgical and Surgical Treatments

PubMed Central

Farr II, Jack; Miller, Larry E.; Block, Jon E.

2013-01-01

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) has a significant negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Identification of therapies that improve HRQoL in patients with knee OA may mitigate the clinical, economic, and social burden of this disease. The purpose of this commentary is to report the impact of knee OA on HRQoL, describe the change in HRQoL attributable to common knee OA interventions, and summarize findings from clinical trials of a promising therapy. Nonsurgical therapies do not reliably modify HRQoL in knee OA patients given their general inability to alleviate physical manifestations of OA. Surgical knee OA interventions generally result in good to excellent patient outcomes. However, there are significant barriers to considering surgery, which limits clinical utility. Therapies that most effectively control OA-related pain with a low risk: benefit ratio will likely have the greatest benefit on HRQoL with greater rates of patient adoption. Initial clinical trial findings suggest that less invasive joint unloading implants hold promise in bridging the therapeutic gap between nonsurgical and surgical treatments for the knee OA patient. PMID:24285987

Venous thromboembolism in African-Americans: a literature-based commentary.

PubMed

Hooper, W Craig

2010-01-01

Among the cardiovascular diseases and after ischemic heart disease and stroke, venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third leading cause of death in the U.S. (3). Although VTE is seen across most ethnic groups in the U.S. as well as throughout the world, the rate varies. In the U.S., American Indians/Alaskan Natives as well as Asians have been reported to have a significantly lower rate of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) as compared to blacks and whites. In sharp conrast blacks appear to have much higher rates than whites. Although these rate differences are thought in part by some to be attributable to disparities in diagnosis and care as well as genetics, it nevertheless is important to define as well as to understand the true incidence and impact so that both public health and clinical resources can be maximally utilized. The purpose of this commentary is to review the VTE burden in the U.S. with respect to ethnicity in terms of clinical demographics and genetics with particular emphasis on blacks. Copyright 2009. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Life expectancy--a commentary on this life table variable.

PubMed

Singer, Richard B

2005-01-01

In 1992, I wrote an article on a method of modifying the Decennial US Life Table to accommodate any pattern of excess mortality expressed in terms of excess death rate (EDR), for the specific purpose of calculating the reduced life expectancy, e. I believe this was the first article published in the Journal of Insurance Medicine (JIM) that dealt specifically with life expectancy as an index of survival and risk appraisal, never used in the classification of extra mortality risk in applicants for life insurance. In this commentary, I discuss the 1989-91 US Decennial Life Table in detail. I link the subject matter of the 1992 article with several more recent articles that also focus on the utility of life expectancy in underwriting structured settlement annuities and preparing reports on life expectancy for an attorney in a tort case. A few references are given for further reading on life table methodology and its use in the most accurate estimate of life expectancy, given the inherent limitations of the life table and the limited duration of follow-up studies.

Adaptive Perception for Autonomous Vehicles

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-05-02

AD-A282 780 Adaptive Perception for Autonomous Vehicles Alonzo Kelly CMU-RI-TR-94-1 8 D IC SELECTF - pUG01 �j ~G U The Robotics Inttt ’I 94-2i...way of doing range image perception. Adaptive Perception for Autonomous Vehicles page 1. LZ Commentary The throughput problem of autonomous navigaticn...idea will be applied to the problem of terrain mapping in outdoor rough terrain. Adaptive Perception for Autonomous Vehicles page 2. 2. Analytical

Measuring effectiveness of drugs in observational databanks: promises and perils

PubMed Central

Krishnan, Eswar; Fries, James F

2004-01-01

Observational databanks have inherent strengths and shortcomings. As in randomized controlled trials, poor design of these databanks can either exaggerate or reduce estimates of drug effectiveness and can limit generalizability. This commentary highlights selected aspects of study design, data collection and statistical analysis that can help overcome many of these inadequacies. An international metaRegister and a formal mechanism for standardizing and sharing drug data could help improve the utility of databanks. Medical journals have a vital role in enforcing a quality checklist that improves reporting. PMID:15059263

[On the astrology and computation in the 12th century: new unpublished manuscripts ].

PubMed

Caiazzo, Irene

2012-01-01

This article examines three so far unknown lemmatic commentaries on computus and on astrolabe topics, which are to be found in MS Stuttgart, Württembergische Landesbibliothek, Cod. math. 4 degrees 33 (second half of the twelfth-century). The commentaries are on the 'Compotus' by Gerlandus, on the 'De mensura astrolabii' by Hermann of Reichenau, and on the 'De utilitatibus astrolabii', which is sometimes attributed to Gerbert of Aurillac. No commentaries on the respective treatises have previously been identified as such. The commentaries of the Stuttgart manuscript are of special interest in that they allow us to understand how a twelfth-century scholar read works on computus and the astrolabe, namely works that date back to the eleventh century. Their author remains anonymous, but in all probability he wrote his commentary on the 'Compotus' by Gerlandus either in 1143 or in 1150. An appendix to the article includes transcriptions of the introductory texts on the computus and on the astrolabe as well as the beginnings of the commentaries.

Improving the CellSearch® system.

PubMed

Swennenhuis, J F; van Dalum, G; Zeune, L L; Terstappen, L W M M

2016-12-01

The CellSearch® CTC test enumerates tumor cells present in 7.5 ml blood of cancer patients. improvements, extensions and different utilities of the cellsearch system are discussed in this paper. Areas covered: This paper describes work performed with the CellSearch system, which go beyond the normal scope of the test. All results from searches with the search term 'CellSearch' from Web of Science and PubMed were categorized and discussed. Expert commentary: The CellSearch Circulating Tumor Cell test captures and identifies tumor cells in blood that are associated with poor clinical outcome. How to best use CTC in clinical practice is being explored in many clinical trials. The ability to extract information from the CTC to guide therapy will expand the potential clinical utility of CTC.

KSC-20180301-VP-CDC01_0001-GOES_S_Launch_Commentary-3182524

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-03-01

A United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket lifts off from Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station carrying the NOAA Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, or GOES-S. Liftoff was at 5:02 p.m. EST. GOES-S is the second satellite in a series of next-generation weather satellites. It will launch to a geostationary position over the U.S. to provide images of storms and help predict weather forecasts, severe weather outlooks, watches, warnings, lightning conditions and longer-term forecasting.

Commentary on Eugene and Kiyo's "Dialogue on Dialogic Pedagogy"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wegerif, Rupert

2014-01-01

This fascinating dialogue raised many questions. In this commentary I will focus on just three questions that particularly stimulated me to further reflection: "why classification?"; "what is ontology?" and "where does agency come from?" [This article provides a commentary on Eugene Matusov and Kiyotaka Miyazaki's…

Making Presentations. ERIC Topical Bibliography and Commentary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Carl B., Ed.

This topical bibliography and commentary consists of research summaries which address the challenges of creating an effective public presentation. The research articles discussed in the bibliography/commentary are geared toward teaching students to better present information with an emphasis on the primary importance of content above empty…

Critical Thinking about Political Commentary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luckowski, Jean A.; Lopach, James J.

2000-01-01

Argues that political commentary is excellent pedagogical raw material to help secondary students develop critical thinking. Outlines a lesson plan based on comparing the political commentaries of Rush Limbaugh and Will Rogers. Includes suggested evaluation activities, a list of annotated resources, and excerpts from the writings or statements of…

Commentary: Toward Convergence in Creativity Inquiry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tan, Ai-Girl; Wong, Meng-Ee

2015-01-01

This commentary is about reflection in the new language of creativity and the meanings of inquiry into creative life. The authors of the commentary adopt the cultural paradigm of psychology of creativity. They praise effortful creativity of the authors who submitted the articles to this special issue. Their studies employed diverse methods of…

A Commentary on Judge Antell's Decision.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allshouse, Merle F.

This document is a commentary on the opinion of Judge Antell in the case of the American Association of University Professors, Bloomfield College Chapter versus Bloomfield College, et al. The commentary, written by the President of Bloomfield College, is divided into seven sections covering: factual errors and misinterpretations; the blurring of…

12 CFR Supplement I to Part 227 - Official Staff Commentary

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Official Staff Commentary I Supplement I to Part 227 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE... Part 227—Official Staff Commentary Subpart A—General Provisions for Consumer Protection Rules ...

12 CFR Supplement I to Part 227 - Official Staff Commentary

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Official Staff Commentary I Supplement I to Part 227 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE... Part 227—Official Staff Commentary Subpart A—General Provisions for Consumer Protection Rules ...

12 CFR Supplement I to Part 227 - Official Staff Commentary

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Official Staff Commentary I Supplement I to Part 227 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE...—Official Staff Commentary Subpart A—General Provisions for Consumer Protection Rules ...

12 CFR Supplement I to Part 227 - Official Staff Commentary

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Official Staff Commentary I Supplement I to Part 227 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE...—Official Staff Commentary Subpart A—General Provisions for Consumer Protection Rules ...

Rejoinder to Rogosa's Commentary on "A Manifesto on Psychology as Idiographic Science"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Molenaar, Peter C. M.

2005-01-01

This article presents a rejoinder to Rogosa's (2004) commentary on the author's (Molenaar, 2004) focus article titled, "A Manifesto on Psychology as Idiographic Science." The expert commentary of Rogosa brings up some central issues that require careful evaluation. The basic message of the author's focus article was straightforward: In general,…

11 CFR 100.132 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.132 Section 100.132 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND... media. Any cost incurred in covering or carrying a news story, commentary, or editorial by any...

11 CFR 100.132 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.132 Section 100.132 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND... media. Any cost incurred in covering or carrying a news story, commentary, or editorial by any...

11 CFR 100.132 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2013-01-01 2012-01-01 true News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.132 Section 100.132 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND... media. Any cost incurred in covering or carrying a news story, commentary, or editorial by any...

11 CFR 100.132 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.132 Section 100.132 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND... media. Any cost incurred in covering or carrying a news story, commentary, or editorial by any...

11 CFR 100.132 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.132 Section 100.132 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND... media. Any cost incurred in covering or carrying a news story, commentary, or editorial by any...

View, 2000: Commentaries on Adult Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adult Learning Australia, Inc., Jamison.

This booklet is compiled from all the Adult Learning Australia (ALA) Commentaries produced in 2000. Emailed to ALA members each week, ALA Commentaries are written by people in the field of adult learning in the broadest sense, usually in Australia, sometimes overseas, and designed to stimulate discussion. ALA hosts an online discussion forum about…

Working with Constraints in Mobile Learning: A Response to Ballance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stockwell, Glenn

2012-01-01

While the enthusiasm that Ballance shows in his commentary (this issue) for mobile learning and the possibilities that new developments in technology of mobile devices may bring about is commendable, there are several areas of concern in his commentary that deserve mention. The author's first concern is that the commentary misrepresents the…

Feedback on Feedback: Exploring Student Responses to Teachers' Written Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Treglia, Maria Ornella

2008-01-01

How students respond to teacher-written commentary has been an under-researched topic, and the existing literature in L2 studies is contradictory. The present study analyzes the critical and positive commentary, mitigated and unmitigated, written by two community-college, first-year composition teachers on two drafts of two writing assignments…

Commentary on "Does Sorting Students Improve Scores? An Analysis of Class Composition"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gentry, Marcia

2016-01-01

In this commentary on "Does Sorting Students Improve Scores? An Analysis of Class Composition" (Collins and Gan 2013), the author discusses the findings in Collins and Gan's study on grouping to provide appropriate-level instruction to promote students' academic growth. This commentary critiques the credibility and validity of the…

12 CFR Appendix to Part 535 - Official Staff Commentary

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Official Staff Commentary Appendix to Part 535 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY UNFAIR OR DECEPTIVE ACTS OR PRACTICES Pt. 535, App. Appendix to Part 535—Official Staff Commentary Subpart A—General Provisions Section...

12 CFR Appendix to Part 535 - Official Staff Commentary

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2013-01-01 2012-01-01 true Official Staff Commentary Appendix to Part 535 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY UNFAIR OR DECEPTIVE ACTS OR PRACTICES Pt. 535, App. Appendix to Part 535—Official Staff Commentary Subpart A—General Provisions Section...

12 CFR Appendix to Part 535 - Official Staff Commentary

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2014-01-01 2012-01-01 true Official Staff Commentary Appendix to Part 535 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY UNFAIR OR DECEPTIVE ACTS OR PRACTICES Pt. 535, App. Appendix to Part 535—Official Staff Commentary Subpart A—General Provisions Section...

12 CFR Supplement I to Part 227 - Official Staff Commentary

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Official Staff Commentary I Supplement I to Part 227 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE...—Official Staff Commentary Subpart A—General Provisions for Consumer Protection Rules Section 227.1...

12 CFR Appendix to Part 535 - Official Staff Commentary

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Official Staff Commentary Appendix to Part 535 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY UNFAIR OR DECEPTIVE ACTS OR PRACTICES Pt. 535, App. Appendix to Part 535—Official Staff Commentary Subpart A—General Provisions Section...

Variability in imaging utilization in U.S. pediatric hospitals.

PubMed

Arnold, Ryan W; Graham, Dionne A; Melvin, Patrice R; Taylor, George A

2011-07-01

Use of medical imaging is under scrutiny because of rising costs and radiation exposure. We compare imaging utilization and costs across pediatric hospitals to determine their variability and potential determinants. Data were extracted from the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database for all inpatient encounters from 40 U.S. children's hospitals. Imaging utilization and costs were compared by insurance type, geographical region, hospital size, severity of illness, length of stay and type of imaging, all among specific diagnoses. The hospital with the highest utilization performed more than twice as many imaging studies per patient as the hospital with the lowest utilization. Similarly, imaging costs ranged from $154 to $671/patient. Median imaging-utilization rate was 1.7 exams/patient on the ward and increased significantly in the PICU (11.8 exams/patient) and in the NICU (17.7 exams per patient, (P < 0.001). Considerable variability in imaging utilization persisted despite adjustment for case mix index (CMI, range in variation 16.6-25%). We found a significant correlation between imaging utilization and both CMI and length of stay, P < 0.0001). However, only 36% of the variation in imaging utilization could be explained by CMI. Diagnostic imaging utilization and costs vary widely in pediatric hospitals.

Technology 2.0: A Commentary on Progress, Challenges, and Next Steps.

PubMed

Jones, Deborah J

2017-11-01

This commentary highlights the importance and promise of the innovative strategies described in the Child Maltreatment special issue on "Technology 2.0: A Focus on the Newest Technological Advances in Child Maltreatment Research." The commentary first highlights the collective advancements reflected in the articles in the special issue, with a primary focus on how the authors' work addresses a general challenge in services research that is perhaps nowhere more problematic than in the field of maltreatment. Next, the commentary extends the discussion of these articles to raise remaining gaps in our knowledge, theory, and methodology, which must be the focus of ongoing research if the true potential of technology as a service delivery vehicle is to be realized. Finally, the commentary concludes with a call for subsequent research which will be inspired by the articles in this special issue.

Left main coronary artery stenosis: severity evaluation and implications for management.

PubMed

Habibi, Susan E; Shah, Rahman; Berzingi, Chalak O; Melchior, Ryan; Sumption, Kevin F; Jovin, Ion S

2017-03-01

The significant stenosis of the left main coronary artery is associated with poor outcomes and is considered a strong indication for revascularization. However, deciding whether the stenosis is significant can sometimes be challenging, especially when the degree of stenosis is intermediate, and can necessitate additional tests and imaging modalities. Areas covered: We did a literature search using keywords like 'left main', 'imaging', 'intravascular ultrasound', 'fractional flow reserve', 'computed tomographic angiography' and 'magnetic resonance imaging'. The most commonly used methods for better characterizing intermediate left main coronary stenoses are intravascular ultrasound and fractional flow reserve, while optical coherence tomography is the newer technique that provides better images, but for which not as much data is available. The noninvasive techniques are coronary computed tomographic angiography and, to a lesser degree, coronary magnetic resonance imaging. Expert commentary: Accurately determining the severity of left main coronary stenosis can mean the difference between a major intervention and conservative therapy. The reviewed newer imaging modalities give us greater confidence that patients with left main stenosis are assigned to the right treatment modality.

Accelerating Progress in Eating Disorders Prevention: A Call for Policy Translation Research and Training.

PubMed

Austin, S Bryn

2016-01-01

The public health burden of eating disorders is well documented, and over the past several decades, researchers have made important advances in the prevention of eating disorders and related problems with body image. Despite these advances, however, several critical limitations to the approaches developed to date leave the field far from achieving the large-scale impact that is needed. This commentary provides a brief review of what achievements in prevention have been made and identifies the gaps that limit the potential for greater impact on population health. A plan is then offered with specific action steps to accelerate progress in high-impact prevention, most compellingly by promoting a shift in priorities to policy translation research and training for scholars through the adoption of a triggers-to-action framework. Finally, the commentary provides an example of the application of the triggers-to-action framework as practiced at the Strategic Training Initiative for the Prevention of Eating Disorders, a program based at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and Boston Children's Hospital. Much has been achieved in the nearly 30 years of research carried out for the prevention of eating disorders and body image problems, but several critical limitations undermine the field's potential for meaningful impact. Through a shift in the field's priorities to policy translation research and training with an emphasis on macro-environmental influences, the pace of progress in prevention can be accelerated and the potential for large-scale impact substantially improved.

Flipped classroom or an active lecture?

PubMed

Pickering, James D; Roberts, David J H

2018-01-01

Recent changes in anatomy education have seen the introduction of flipped classrooms as a replacement to the traditional didactic lecture. This approach utilizes the increasing availability of digital technology to create learning resources that can be accessed prior to attending class, with face-to-face sessions then becoming more student-centered via discussion, collaborative learning, and problem-solving activities. Although this approach may appear intuitive, this viewpoint commentary presents a counter opinion and highlights a simple alternative that utilizes evidence-based active learning approaches as part of the traditional lecture. The active lecture takes the traditional lecture, and (1) ensures the lecture content is relevant and has clear objectives, (2) contains lecture material that is designed according to the latest evidence-base, (3) complements it with additional supplementary material, (4) creates space to check prior understanding and knowledge levels, and (5) utilizes suitable technology to facilitate continual engagement and interaction. Clin. Anat. 31:118-121, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Potassium efflux fires the canon: Potassium efflux as a common trigger for canonical and noncanonical NLRP3 pathways.

PubMed

Rivers-Auty, Jack; Brough, David

2015-10-01

Murine caspase-11 and its human orthologues, caspase-4 and caspase-5, activate an inflammatory response following cytoplasmic recognition of cell wall constituents from Gram-negative bacteria, such as LPS. This inflammatory response involves pyroptotic cell death and the concomitant release of IL-1α, as well as the production of IL-1β and IL-18 through the noncanonical NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) pathway. This commentary discusses three papers in this issue of the European Journal of Immunology that advance our understanding of the roles of caspase-11, -4, and -5 in the noncanonical pathway. By utilizing the new gene editing technique, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), as well as sensitive cell imaging techniques, these papers establish that cytoplasmic LPS-dependent IL-1β production requires the NLRP3 inflammasome and that its activation is dependent on K(+) efflux, whereas IL-1α release and pyroptotic cell death pathways are NLRP3-independent. These findings expand on previous research implicating K(+) efflux as the principal trigger for NLRP3 activation and suggest that canonical and noncanonical NLRP3 pathways are not as dissimilar as first thought. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Measuring impact of JAMA Dermatology Practice Gaps section on training in US dermatology residency programs.

PubMed

Britton, Kristina M; Stratman, Erik J

2013-07-01

JAMA Dermatology Practice Gaps commentaries are intended to aid in the interpretation of the literature to make it more practical and applicable to daily patient care. Practice Gaps commentaries have had an impact on physician clinical practice and dermatology residency curricula. To assess the impact of JAMA Dermatology Practice Gaps commentaries on dermatology residency training programs in the United States, including journal club discussions and local quality improvement activities. A web-based questionnaire of 17 questions was sent via e-mail to US dermatology residency program directors (PDs) in February 2012. Program director report of incorporating Practice Gaps themes and discussions into resident journal club activities, clinical practice, quality improvement activities, or research projects in the residency programs, as a result of a Practice Gaps commentary. Of the 114 surveys distributed to US dermatology residency PDs, 48 were completed (42% response rate). Sixty percent of PDs reported familiarity with the Practice Gaps section of JAMA Dermatology, and 56% discuss these commentaries during resident journal club activities. Quality improvement and research projects have been initiated as a result of Practice Gaps commentaries. Practice Gaps commentaries are discussed during most dermatology residency journal club activities. Practice Gaps have had an impact on physician practice and dermatology residency curricula and can serve as a tool for enhanced continuing medical education and quality improvement initiatives.

Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Parent-Adolescent Discrepancies: Existing Findings and Future Directions.

PubMed

Rescorla, Leslie A

2016-10-01

As summarized in this commentary, the first generation of cross-informant agreement research focused on perceptions of child and adolescent mental health. Contributions of this research include demonstrating that modest cross-informant agreement is a very robust phenomenon, utilizing numerous statistical approaches to measure degree of agreement, and identifying many factors that moderate agreement. An important focus of this work has been using multi-society international comparisons to examine cross-cultural similarities and differences in cross-informant agreement. The articles in this Special Issue represent a significant paradigm shift in which cross-informant agreement is examined as an independent variable predicting a wide variety of outcomes. Furthermore, moving beyond perceptions of adolescent mental health, these articles compare parent and adolescent perceptions of diverse aspects of family functioning (e.g., family conflict, parent-adolescent communication, family relationships, parental authority). Additionally, the research presented in this Special Issue employs innovative and sophisticated statistical techniques. Although the Special Issue represents some first steps toward considering cross-cultural aspects of perceptions of family functioning, much work still needs to be done in this area. Some suggestions for future research strategies to accomplish this goal conclude this commentary.

Science & Technology Review May 2006

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aufderheide III, M B

2006-04-03

This month's issue has the following articles: (1) Science and Technology Help the Nation Counter Terrorism--Commentary by Raymond J. Juzaitis; (2) Imagers Provide Eyes to See Gamma Rays--Gamma-ray imagers provide increased radiation detection capabilities and enhance the nation's arsenal for homeland security; (3) Protecting the Nation's Livestock--Foot-and-mouth disease could devastate America's livestock; a new assay provides a rapid means to detect it; (4) Measures for Measures--Laboratory physicists combine emissivity and reflectivity to achieve highly accurate temperature measurements of metal foils; and (5) Looping through the Lamb Shift--Livermore scientists measured a small perturbation in the spectra of highly ionized uranium--the firstmore » measurement of the two-loop Lamb shift in a bound state.« less

Cardiovascular imaging environment: will the future be cloud-based?

PubMed

Kawel-Boehm, Nadine; Bluemke, David A

2017-07-01

In cardiovascular CT and MR imaging large datasets have to be stored, post-processed, analyzed and distributed. Beside basic assessment of volume and function in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging e.g., more sophisticated quantitative analysis is requested requiring specific software. Several institutions cannot afford various types of software and provide expertise to perform sophisticated analysis. Areas covered: Various cloud services exist related to data storage and analysis specifically for cardiovascular CT and MR imaging. Instead of on-site data storage, cloud providers offer flexible storage services on a pay-per-use basis. To avoid purchase and maintenance of specialized software for cardiovascular image analysis, e.g. to assess myocardial iron overload, MR 4D flow and fractional flow reserve, evaluation can be performed with cloud based software by the consumer or complete analysis is performed by the cloud provider. However, challenges to widespread implementation of cloud services include regulatory issues regarding patient privacy and data security. Expert commentary: If patient privacy and data security is guaranteed cloud imaging is a valuable option to cope with storage of large image datasets and offer sophisticated cardiovascular image analysis for institutions of all sizes.

Effects of Network Commentary on Viewers' Reactions to 1984 Reagan Campaign Film.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gerhard, Mike; Loving, Jim

A study was conducted to examine the effects of NBC television's critical commentary on a 12-minute 1984 Reagan campaign film on audience perceptions of gratifications received from the film. It was predicted that exposure to the critical NBC commentary would result in lower evaluations of the film's helpfulness (gratifications received), and that…

11 CFR 100.73 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.73 Section 100.73 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) Exceptions to Contributions § 100.73 News story, commentary, or editorial by the media...

11 CFR 100.73 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.73 Section 100.73 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) Exceptions to Contributions § 100.73 News story, commentary, or editorial by the media...

11 CFR 100.73 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.73 Section 100.73 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) Exceptions to Contributions § 100.73 News story, commentary, or editorial by the media...

11 CFR 100.73 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2013-01-01 2012-01-01 true News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.73 Section 100.73 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) Exceptions to Contributions § 100.73 News story, commentary, or editorial by the media...

11 CFR 100.73 - News story, commentary, or editorial by the media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false News story, commentary, or editorial by the media. 100.73 Section 100.73 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) Exceptions to Contributions § 100.73 News story, commentary, or editorial by the media...

The Effect of Extraversion and Presentation Order on Learning from Picture-Commentary Sequences by Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riding, R. J.; Wicks, B. J.

1978-01-01

Groups of extrovert, ambivert, and introvert children, aged 8, saw pictures with a taped commentary about each. On an immediate recall test, extroverts recalled most if given the commentary before the picture, introverts did best when the picture came first, and ambiverts performed similarly in both conditions. (Author/SJL)

Let Lakatos Be! A Commentary on "Would the Real Lakatos Please Stand Up"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sriraman, Bharath

2008-01-01

In this commentary, some remarks are offered on David Pimm, Mary Beisiegel, and Irene Meglis' article "Would the Real Lakatos Please Stand up." The commentary focuses on relatively recent developments in the philosophy of mathematics based on the work of Lakatos; on theory development in mathematics education; and offers critique on whether…

Teaching Human Rights in Turkey: Commentaries on a Single Lesson from Multiple Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kesten, Alper; Schur, Joan Brodsky; Gürsoy, Kudret

2014-01-01

This group of commentaries on teaching human rights in Turkey includes: (1) Reflection on Turkish Human Rights Lesson from Turkey (Alper Kesten)--A lesson on human rights in Turkey is analyzed for its representativity and methodology within the Turkish teaching culture from the viewpoint of a Turkish researcher; (2) Commentary on a Turkish Lesson…

Giving feedback in medical teaching: a case of lung function laboratory/spirometry.

PubMed

Meo, Sultan Ayoub

2013-01-01

Feedback in medical teaching is an important part of medical education, it encourages and enhances the learners' knowledge, skills and professional performance at various stages of their schooling. A constructive feedback enhances the awareness of strength and areas for improvement. An adequate, meaningful and fruitful feedback needs motivation, emphasis, objectivity, expertise, and active participation in the session. Before giving feedback, the instructor should be well prepared and must have practice on the task. The instructor should utilize all means such as good oral presentation, eye contact, visual cues, utilize body language to actively involve the learners in a session, all these activities enhance the knowledge, skill and attitude of the learners. The aim of this commentary is to highlight the basic issues in giving an appropriate feedback in medical teaching with special emphasis on a lung function laboratory / Spirometry.

Commentary on the treatment of gender variant and gender dysphoric children and adolescents: common themes and ethical reflections.

PubMed

Stein, Edward

2012-01-01

This commentary offers preliminary ethical reflections on the range of treatments for gender variant and gender dysphoric children, adolescents, and young adults described in the preceding five clinical articles. After clarifying the terminology used to discuss these issues, this commentary reviews several common themes of the clinical articles. Focusing on ethical values of informed consent, full disclosure, the minimization or avoidance of harm, and the maximization of life options, the commentary expresses concerns about various treatment options endorsed by some of the articles. In particular, this commentary focuses on how these practices problematically reproduce social prejudices and stereotypes and how they fail to acknowledge and embrace the multiple pathways for expressing one's gender. It also compares and contrasts the ethical issues related to gender variant and gender dysphoric youths and youths who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer.

A commentary on the status of the behavioral approach in the healthcare marketplace.

PubMed

Moss, G R

1993-12-01

Clinically applied behavioral technology (e.g., integrated, systems-based hospital programs) and specific behavior therapies (e.g., systematic desensitization) have a long record of documented and powerful efficacy yet have failed to penetrate successfully the healthcare marketplace and to receive adequate public recognition. Many behavioral techniques are utilized widely without acknowledgement of their true origins. The current position of the behavioral approach in the healthcare marketplace is examined, and factors making for resistance to its acceptance are identified. Recommendations are offered for the more effective promotion of behavioral methods and services.

Is cognitive science usefully cast as complexity science?

PubMed

Van Orden, Guy; Stephen, Damian G

2012-01-01

Readers of TopiCS are invited to join a debate about the utility of ideas and methods of complexity science. The topics of debate include empirical instances of qualitative change in cognitive activity and whether this empirical work demonstrates sufficiently the empirical flags of complexity. In addition, new phenomena discovered by complexity scientists, and motivated by complexity theory, call into question some basic assumptions of conventional cognitive science such as stable equilibria and homogeneous variance. The articles and commentaries that appear in this issue also illustrate a new debate style format for topiCS. Copyright © 2011 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

Utility values associated with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: data needs for economic modeling.

PubMed

Brown, Jacqueline; Cook, Keziah; Adamski, Kelly; Lau, Jocelyn; Bargo, Danielle; Breen, Sarah; Chawla, Anita

2017-04-01

Cost-effectiveness analyses often inform healthcare reimbursement decisions. The preferred measure of effectiveness is the quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained, where the quality of life adjustment is measured in terms of utility. Areas covered: We assessed the availability and variation of utility values for health states associated with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to identify values appropriate for cost-effectiveness models assessing alternative treatments. Our systematic search of six electronic databases (January 2000 to August 2015) found the current literature to be sparse in terms of utility values associated with NSCLC, identifying 27 studies. Utility values were most frequently reported over time and by treatment type, and less frequently by disease response, stage of disease, adverse events or disease comorbidities. Expert commentary: In response to rising healthcare costs, payers increasingly consider the cost-effectiveness of novel treatments in reimbursement decisions, especially in oncology. As the number of therapies available to treat NSCLC increases, cost-effectiveness analyses will play a key role in reimbursement decisions in this area. Quantifying the relationship between health and quality of life for NSCLC patients via utility values is an important component of assessing the cost effectiveness of novel treatments.

Clutter modeling of the Denver Airport and surrounding areas

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harrah, Steven D.; Delmore, Victor E.; Onstott, Robert G.

1991-01-01

To accurately simulate and evaluate an airborne Doppler radar as a wind shear detection and avoidance sensor, the ground clutter surrounding a typical airport must be quantified. To do this, an imaging airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) was employed to investigate and map the normalized radar cross sections (NRCS) of the ground terrain surrounding the Denver Stapleton Airport during November of 1988. Images of the Stapleton ground clutter scene were obtained at a variety of aspect and elevation angles (extending to near-grazing) at both HH and VV polarizations. Presented here, in viewgraph form with commentary, are the method of data collection, the specific observations obtained of the Denver area, a summary of the quantitative analysis performed on the SAR images to date, and the statistical modeling of several of the more interesting stationary targets in the SAR database. Additionally, the accompanying moving target database, containing NRCS and velocity information, is described.

Jealousy reconsidered: a reply to DeSteno (2010).

PubMed

Edlund, John E

2011-03-07

In a recent commentary, DeSteno (2010) critiqued the work of Levy and Kelley (2010) which investigated the relationship of attachment style to the sex difference in jealousy. This commentary addresses the concerns raised by DeSteno; I briefly review some of the literature that was not addressed by DeSteno's commentary and discuss directions that future research may take.

Adaptation of Instructional Materials: A Commentary on the Research on Adaptations of "Who Polluted the Potomac"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ercikan, Kadriye; Alper, Naim

2009-01-01

This commentary first summarizes and discusses the analysis of the two translation processes described in the Oliveira, Colak, and Akerson article and the inferences these researchers make based on their research. In the second part of the commentary, we describe procedures and criteria used in adapting tests into different languages and how they…

Gifted Education Research from the Economists' Perspective: What Have We Learned?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peters, Scott J.; Matthews, Michael Stuart

2016-01-01

The commentaries in this special issue as well as the articles they address contribute to the knowledge base about advanced learners, how they are identified, and how they are best served. In our Editors' commentary, we have organized our thoughts following the same order in which the commentaries appear in the remainder of this issue. As the…

Commentary on "A Review of e-Learning in Canada"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwier, Richard A.

2006-01-01

In this commentary, Richard Schwier draws observations of what he believes are key issues in e-learning that come directly out of "A Review of e-Learning in Canada." However, much of the commentary is consumed by topics that haven't yet generated the volume or type of research necessary to allow the kind of compressed scrutiny that this…

Commentary: Cause for Alarm? Youth and Internet Risk Research--A Commentary on Livingstone and Smith (2014)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finkelhor, David

2014-01-01

This commentary on Livingstone and Smith (2014) suggests that more attention should be paid to a set of hypotheses about technology that contrasts with those that have animated much of the current research interest: (a) That the digital environment is no more perilous and perhaps less perilous than other offline environments youth inhabit; (b)…

Lexicons, contexts, events, and images: commentary on Elman (2009) from the perspective of dual coding theory.

PubMed

Paivio, Allan; Sadoski, Mark

2011-01-01

Elman (2009) proposed that the traditional role of the mental lexicon in language processing can largely be replaced by a theoretical model of schematic event knowledge founded on dynamic context-dependent variables. We evaluate Elman's approach and propose an alternative view, based on dual coding theory and evidence that modality-specific cognitive representations contribute strongly to word meaning and language performance across diverse contexts which also have effects predictable from dual coding theory. Copyright © 2010 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

Geometry with Coordinates, Teacher's Commentary, Part II, Unit 50. Revised Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, Frank B.; And Others

This is part two of a two-part manual for teachers using SMSG high school text materials. The commentary is organized into four parts. The first part contains an introduction and a short section on estimates of class time needed to cover each chapter. The second or main part consists of a chapter-by-chapter commentary on the text. The third part…

Commentary on "Theory-Led Design of Instruments and Representations in Learning Analytics: Developing a Novel Tool for Orchestration of Online Collaborative Learning"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Teplovs, Chris

2015-01-01

This commentary reflects on the contributions to learning analytics and theory by a paper that describes how multiple theoretical frameworks were woven together to inform the creation of a new, automated discourse analysis tool. The commentary highlights the contributions of the original paper, provides some alternative approaches, and touches on…

Sleep and Health Resilience Metrics in a Large Military Cohort

PubMed Central

Seelig, Amber D.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Donoho, Carrie J.; Trone, Daniel W.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Balkin, Thomas J.

2016-01-01

Study Objectives: Examine the relationship between self-reported sleep parameters and indicators of resilience in a US military population (n = 55,021). Methods: Longitudinal analyses (2001–2008) were conducted using subjective data collected from Millennium Cohort Study questionnaires and objective data from military records that included demographics, military health, and deployment information. Subjective sleep duration and insomnia symptoms were collected on the study questionnaire. Resilience metrics included lost work days, self-rated health, deployment, frequency and duration of health care utilization, and early discharge from the military. Generalized estimating equations and survival analyses were adjusted for demographic, military, behavioral, and health covariates in all models. Results: The presence of insomnia symptoms was significantly associated with lower self-rated health, more lost work days, lower odds of deployment, higher odds of early discharge from military service early, and more health care utilization. Those self-reporting < 6 h (short sleepers) or > 8 h (long sleepers) of sleep per night had similar findings, except for the deployment outcome in which those with the shortest sleep were more likely to deploy. Conclusions: Poor sleep is a detriment to service members' health and readiness. Leadership should redouble efforts to emphasize the importance of healthy sleep among military service members, and future research should focus on the efficacy of interventions to promote healthy sleep and resilience in this population. Commentary: A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 963. Citation: Seelig AD, Jacobson IG, Donoho CJ, Trone DW, Crum-Cianflone NF, Balkin TJ. Sleep and health resilience metrics in a large military cohort. SLEEP 2016;39(5):1111–1120. PMID:26951391

Matematicas Para La Escuela Primaria, Grado 4 (Parte 2), Comentario. Traduccion Preliminar de la Edicion en Ingles Revisada. (Mathematics for the Elementary School, Grade 4, Part 2, Teacher's Commentary. Preliminary Translation of the Revised English Edition).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beatty, Leslie; And Others

This is Part 2 of the teacher's commentary for the grade 4 mathematics program. Part 2 includes the commentary for chapters 6 through 10. Topics covered include addition and subtraction, multiplication and division, geometrical figures, lines and lineal measurement, and fractions. (RH)

Editorial Commentary: Hip Arthroscopy-Safe, Effective, and Still Improving in Older Nonarthritic Patients.

PubMed

Ortiz-Declet, Victor; Domb, Benjamin G

2016-12-01

Hip arthroscopy in nonarthritic patients 60 or older has been increasingly reported in short-term outcome studies. The rise in hip-preservation operations in this population has been associated with encouraging improvements in patient-reported outcome scores. More stringent radiographic indications (at least 2 mm of joint space and Tönnis osteoarthritis grade ≤1) during patient selection have also yielded better outcomes. Delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage is another tool that should be considered during preoperative planning. With improvements in preoperative workup, imaging, and surgical technique, we anticipate that hip arthroscopy will continue to show positive results in an older patient population when carefully selected. Copyright © 2016 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The mediating role of appearance comparisons on the relationship between negative appearance commentary and binge eating symptoms.

PubMed

Herbozo, Sylvia; Stevens, Serena D; Thurston, Idia B

2017-08-01

While the frequency of weight-based teasing during childhood/adolescence has been linked to eating disturbance, limited research has examined the impact of negative appearance commentary experienced in young adulthood. Appearance comparisons have been shown to mediate the relationship between weight-based teasing frequency in childhood/adolescence and eating disturbance; however, less is known about the impact of other forms of negative appearance commentary and binge eating symptoms. The current study examined appearance comparisons to others as a mediator of the relationship between the impact of negative appearance commentary from interpersonal sources and binge eating symptoms in college women. Three hundred and seventeen young adult women from universities in the southwest and midsouth U.S. completed measures of appearance-related commentary, physical appearance comparisons, and binge eating symptoms. Controlling for body mass index, the mediation effect of appearance comparisons was tested using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Appearance comparisons was a significant mediator of the relationship between the impact of negative appearance comments and binge eating symptoms, F(3,312)=40.256, p<0.001, R 2 =0.279. There was no direct effect of the impact of negative appearance comments on binge eating symptoms. Study findings indicate that appearance comparisons play a role in the extent to which the impact of negative appearance commentary influences binge eating symptoms. Results also suggest the need to address the impact of negative appearance commentary and appearance comparisons simultaneously in interventions for eating disorder psychopathology among college women. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Extracellular vesicles from parasitic helminths and their potential utility as vaccines.

PubMed

Mekonnen, Gebeyaw Getnet; Pearson, Mark; Loukas, Alex; Sotillo, Javier

2018-03-01

Helminths are multicellular parasites affecting nearly three billion people worldwide. To orchestrate a parasitic existence, helminths secrete different molecules, either in soluble form or contained within extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are secreted by most cell types and organisms, and have varied roles in intercellular communication, including immune modulation and pathogenesis. Areas covered: In this review, we describe the nucleic acid and proteomic composition of EVs from helminths, with a focus on the protein vaccine candidates present on the EV surface membrane, and discuss the potential utility of helminth EVs and their constituent proteins in the fight against helminth infections. Expert commentary: A significant number of proteins present in helminth-secreted EVs are known vaccine candidates. The characterization of helminth EV proteomes will shed light on host-pathogen interactions, facilitate the discovery of new diagnostic biomarkers, and provide a novel approach for the development of new control measures against helminth infections.

Radar Image Interpretability Analysis.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

the measured image properties with respect to image utility changed with image application. This study has provided useful information as to how...Eneea.d) ABSTRACT The utility of radar images with respect to trained image inter - preter ability to identify, classify and detect specific terrain... changed with image applica- tion. This study has provided useful information as to how certain image characteristics relate to radar image utility as

Biomimetic transport and rational drug delivery.

PubMed

Ranney, D F

2000-01-15

Medicine and pharmaceutics are encountering critical needs and opportunities for transvascular drug delivery that improves site targeting and tissue permeation by mimicking natural tissue addressing and transport mechanisms. This is driven by the accelerated development of genomic agents requiring targeted controlled release. Although rationally designed for in vitro activity, such agents are not highly effective in vivo, due to opsonization and degradation by plasma constituents, and failure to transport across the local vascular endothelium and tissue matrix. A growing knowledge of the addresses of the body can be applied to engineer "Bio-Logically" staged delivery systems with sequential bioaddressins complementary to the discontinuous compartments encountered--termed discontinuum pharmaceutics. Effective tissue targeting is accomplished by leukocytes, bacteria, and viruses. We are increasingly able to mimic their bioaddressins by genomic means. Approaches described in this commentary include: (a) endothelial-directed adhesion mediated by oligosaccharides and carbohydrates (e.g. dermatan sulfate as a mimic of sulfated CD44) and peptidomimetics interacting with adhesins, selectins, integrins, hyaluronans, and locally induced growth factors (e.g. vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) and coagulation factors (e.g. factor VIII antigen); (b) improved tissue permeation conferred by hydrophilically "cloaked" carrier systems; (c) "uncloaking" by matrix dilution or selective triggering near the target cells; and (d) target binding-internalization by terminally exposed hydrophobic moieties, cationic polymers, and receptor-binding lectins, peptides, or carbohydrates. This commentary also describes intermediate technology solutions (e.g. "hybrid drugs"), and highlights the high-resolution, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging and radiopharmaceutical imaging technologies plus the groups and organizations capable of accelerating these important initiatives.

A systematic review of health economic models and utility estimation methods in schizophrenia.

PubMed

Németh, Bertalan; Fasseeh, Ahmad; Molnár, Anett; Bitter, István; Horváth, Margit; Kóczián, Kristóf; Götze, Árpád; Nagy, Balázs

2018-06-01

There is a growing need for economic evaluations describing the disease course, as well as the costs and clinical outcomes related to the treatment of schizophrenia. Areas covered: A systematic review on studies describing health economic models in schizophrenia and a targeted literature review on utility mapping algorithms in schizophrenia were carried out. Models found in the review were collated and assessed in detail according to their type and various other attributes. Fifty-nine studies were included in the review. Modeling techniques varied from simple decision trees to complex simulation models. The models used various clinical endpoints as value drivers, 47% of the models used quality-adjusted life years, and eight percent used disability-adjusted life years to measure benefits, while others applied various clinical outcomes. Most models considered patients switching between therapies, and therapeutic adherence, compliance or persistence. The targeted literature review identified four main approaches to map PANSS scores to utility values. Expert commentary: Health economic models developed for schizophrenia showed great variability, with simulation models becoming more frequently used in the last decade. Using PANSS scores as the basis of utility estimations is justifiable.

New insights into the earliest stages of colorectal tumorigenesis.

PubMed

Sievers, Chelsie K; Grady, William M; Halberg, Richard B; Pickhardt, Perry J

2017-08-01

Tumors in the large intestine have been postulated to arise via a stepwise accumulation of mutations, a process that takes up to 20 years. Recent advances in lineage tracing and DNA sequencing, however, are revealing new evolutionary models that better explain the vast amount of heterogeneity observed within and across colorectal tumors. Areas covered: A review of the literature supporting a novel model of colorectal tumor evolution was conducted. The following commentary examines the basic science and clinical evidence supporting a modified view of tumor initiation and progression in the colon. Expert commentary: The proposed 'cancer punctuated equilibrium' model of tumor evolution better explains the variability seen within and across polyps of the colon and rectum. Small colorectal polyps (6-9mm) followed longitudinally by interval imaging with CT colonography have been reported to have multiple fates: some growing, some remaining static in size, and others regressing in size over time. This new model allows for this variability in growth behavior and supports the hypothesis that some tumors can be 'born to be bad' as originally postulated by Sottoriva and colleagues, with very early molecular events impacting tumor fitness and growth behavior in the later stages of the disease process.

Imaging molecular dynamics in vivo--from cell biology to animal models.

PubMed

Timpson, Paul; McGhee, Ewan J; Anderson, Kurt I

2011-09-01

Advances in fluorescence microscopy have enabled the study of membrane diffusion, cell adhesion and signal transduction at the molecular level in living cells grown in culture. By contrast, imaging in living organisms has primarily been restricted to the localization and dynamics of cells in tissues. Now, imaging of molecular dynamics is on the cusp of progressing from cell culture to living tissue. This transition has been driven by the understanding that the microenvironment critically determines many developmental and pathological processes. Here, we review recent progress in fluorescent protein imaging in vivo by drawing primarily on cancer-related studies in mice. We emphasize the need for techniques that can be easily combined with genetic models and complement fluorescent protein imaging by providing contextual information about the cellular environment. In this Commentary we will consider differences between in vitro and in vivo experimental design and argue for an approach to in vivo imaging that is built upon the use of intermediate systems, such as 3-D and explant culture models, which offer flexibility and control that is not always available in vivo. Collectively, these methods present a paradigm shift towards the molecular-level investigation of disease and therapy in animal models of disease.

The missing discourse of development: commentary on Lerum and Dworkin.

PubMed

Else-Quest, Nicole M; Hyde, Janet Shibley

2009-01-01

Lerum and Dworkin offer a provocative interdisciplinary feminist commentary on the Report of the APA (American Psychological Association) Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls. This commentary notes limitations to their argument and evidence, which make it a less convincing critique of the report's conclusions. Most notably, Lerum and Dworkin omit a developmental approach to the topic of sexualization and media exposure. In addition, their criticism that the report over-determines the negative effects (i.e., overstates the negative effects and ignores the positive effects) of sexualization on girls is unsupported by the empirical literature. This commentary also addresses their concerns about the language used in the report and highlights the need for clear and precise language in this dialogue.

Laryngeal High-Speed Videoendoscopy: Rationale and Recommendation for Accurate and Consistent Terminology

PubMed Central

Deliyski, Dimitar D.; Hillman, Robert E.

2015-01-01

Purpose The authors discuss the rationale behind the term laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy to describe the application of high-speed endoscopic imaging techniques to the visualization of vocal fold vibration. Method Commentary on the advantages of using accurate and consistent terminology in the field of voice research is provided. Specific justification is described for each component of the term high-speed videoendoscopy, which is compared and contrasted with alternative terminologies in the literature. Results In addition to the ubiquitous high-speed descriptor, the term endoscopy is necessary to specify the appropriate imaging technology and distinguish among modalities such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and nonendoscopic optical imaging. Furthermore, the term video critically indicates the electronic recording of a sequence of optical still images representing scenes in motion, in contrast to strobed images using high-speed photography and non-optical high-speed magnetic resonance imaging. High-speed videoendoscopy thus concisely describes the technology and can be appended by the desired anatomical nomenclature such as laryngeal. Conclusions Laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy strikes a balance between conciseness and specificity when referring to the typical high-speed imaging method performed on human participants. Guidance for the creation of future terminology provides clarity and context for current and future experiments and the dissemination of results among researchers. PMID:26375398

Reductions in Diagnostic Imaging With High Deductible Health Plans.

PubMed

Zheng, Sarah; Ren, Zhong Justin; Heineke, Janelle; Geissler, Kimberley H

2016-02-01

Diagnostic imaging utilization grew rapidly over the past 2 decades. It remains unclear whether patient cost-sharing is an effective policy lever to reduce imaging utilization and spending. Using 2010 commercial insurance claims data of >21 million individuals, we compared diagnostic imaging utilization and standardized payments between High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP) and non-HDHP enrollees. Negative binomial models were used to estimate associations between HDHP enrollment and utilization, and were repeated for standardized payments. A Hurdle model were used to estimate associations between HDHP enrollment and whether an enrollee had diagnostic imaging, and then the magnitude of associations for enrollees with imaging. Models with interaction terms were used to estimate associations between HDHP enrollment and imaging by risk score tercile. All models included controls for patient age, sex, geographic location, and health status. HDHP enrollment was associated with a 7.5% decrease in the number of imaging studies and a 10.2% decrease in standardized imaging payments. HDHP enrollees were 1.8% points less likely to use imaging; once an enrollee had at least 1 imaging study, differences in utilization and associated payments were small. Associations between HDHP and utilization were largest in the lowest (least sick) risk score tercile. Increased patient cost-sharing may contribute to reductions in diagnostic imaging utilization and spending. However, increased cost-sharing may not encourage patients to differentiate between high-value and low-value diagnostic imaging services; better patient awareness and education may be a crucial part of any reductions in diagnostic imaging utilization.

Trauma simulation in bilingual Canada: Insurmountable barrier or unexpected strength? Insights from the first bilingual S.T.A.R.T.T. course.

PubMed

Gillman, Lawrence M; Widder, Sandy; Clément, Julien; Engels, Paul T; Paton-Gay, John Damian; Brindley, Peter G

2016-04-01

The Standardized Trauma and Resuscitation Team Training (S.T.A.R.T.T.) course focuses on training multidisciplinary trauma teams: surgeons/physicians, registered nurses (RNs), respiratory therapists (RTs) and, most recently, prehospital personnel. The S.T.A.R.T.T. curriculum highlights crisis management (CRM) skills: communication, teamwork, leadership, situational awareness and resource utilization. This commentary outlines the modifications made to the course curriculum in order to satisfy the learning needs of a bilingual audience. The results suggest that bilingual multidisciplinary CRM courses are feasible, are associated with high participant satisfaction and have no clear detriments.

Matematicas Para La Escuela Primaria, Grado 4 (Parte 1), Comentario. Traduccion Preliminar de la Edicion en Ingles Revisada. (Mathematics for the Elementary School, Grade 4, Part 1, Teacher's Commentary. Preliminary Translation of the Revised English Edition).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beatty, Leslie; And Others

This is Part 1 of the teacher's commentary for the grade 4 mathematics program. Part 1 includes the commentary for chapters 1 through 5. Topics covered include congruence, numbers and number bases, subtraction of numbers, division of numbers, and elementary geometry. References to the student text are cited. (RH)

The Humanities and the Art of Public Discussion, Volume 3. Essays and Commentaries on Freedom of Expression, America's Role in the World, and U.S. Energy Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Francis, Leslie Pickering; And Others

The three essays in this collection (the third in a series) explore the implications of free speech, the roots of American foreign policy, and the relation between U.S. political tradition and the formulation of policies on energy. Each essay is accompanied by a commentary. The essays, their authors, and the commentaries are: "The Pig in the…

A Rejoinder.

PubMed

Nesselroade, John R; Molenaar, Peter C M

2016-01-01

Three commentaries on the Nesselroade and Molenaar target article in this issue are responded to in the interest of elaborating and defending the points of view expressed in our article. The commentaries feature philosophy of science, general structural modeling, and broad behavioral research perspectives. Responding to the commentaries afforded us the opportunity to clarify further matters that we deem critical to the fundamental matter of measurement in behavioral science, especially as it emphasizes (properly, we believe) the individual as the primary unit of analysis.

Revision of the Department of Defense Manual on Leadership: The Armed Forces Officer.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-01

blocki nuimbe, An anthcloqy L-, corri]e-,d and two commentaries aire written. The subject of Th V ~t commentary is Customs and Traditions and the...I A AL 11 1 (2)5) 293-24813 PREFACE The following commentaries and abstracts address military customs , traditions and leadership. The writer undertook...and Squadron Officer School. While there Major Odd served as a Section Commander, lecturer, Deputy Wing Chief, Leadership Area Manager , and Chief of

Reappraising Abstract Paintings after Exposure to Background Information

PubMed Central

Park, Seongmin A.; Yun, Kyongsik; Jeong, Jaeseung

2015-01-01

Can knowledge help viewers when they appreciate an artwork? Experts’ judgments of the aesthetic value of a painting often differ from the estimates of naïve viewers, and this phenomenon is especially pronounced in the aesthetic judgment of abstract paintings. We compared the changes in aesthetic judgments of naïve viewers while they were progressively exposed to five pieces of background information. The participants were asked to report their aesthetic judgments of a given painting after each piece of information was presented. We found that commentaries by the artist and a critic significantly increased the subjective aesthetic ratings. Does knowledge enable experts to attend to the visual features in a painting and to link it to the evaluative conventions, thus potentially causing different aesthetic judgments? To investigate whether a specific pattern of attention is essential for the knowledge-based appreciation, we tracked the eye movements of subjects while viewing a painting with a commentary by the artist and with a commentary by a critic. We observed that critics’ commentaries directed the viewers’ attention to the visual components that were highly relevant to the presented commentary. However, attention to specific features of a painting was not necessary for increasing the subjective aesthetic judgment when the artists’ commentary was presented. Our results suggest that at least two different cognitive mechanisms may be involved in knowledge- guided aesthetic judgments while viewers reappraise a painting. PMID:25945789

Appraising Loftus and Palmer (1974) post-event information versus concurrent commentary in the context of sport.

PubMed

Goldschmied, Nadav; Sheptock, Mark; Kim, Kacey; Galily, Yair

2017-11-01

Two experiments were conducted to examine framing effects in sport. In Experiment 1, a conceptual replication [Loftus, E. F., & Palmer, J. C. (1974). Reconstruction of automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between language and memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13(5), 585-589], participants watched a hockey collision, with the hit described later in a written format as a "contact", "bump", or "smash". This manipulation resulted in no differences in participants' report of how fast the players were skating, their intentions, and the outcome of the hit. In Experiment 2, participants watched the same video clip with ongoing commentary. Those who heard the announcer describing the event as "contact" estimated a higher skating speed than participants who were exposed to the "smash" commentary. Participants who were exposed to the "bump" commentary rated the repercussions of the collision as less severe than did those exposed to the other commentaries. These findings show that the perception of magnitude hierarchy may be domain specific and suggest future avenues for exploring framing effects when one is exposed to visual stimuli.

Commentary

PubMed Central

Hodges, Susan; Stewart, Sandra Bitonti; Hotelling, Barbara; Romano, Amy

2007-01-01

A consumer advocate, two childbirth educators, and a certified nurse-midwife each provide commentary on the effectiveness of and potential uses for the Evidence Basis for the Ten Steps of Mother-Friendly Care. PMID:18523676

A personality trait model for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM): the challenges ahead.

PubMed

Krueger, Robert F; Eaton, Nicholas R

2010-04-01

We were sincerely flattered to discover that John Gunderson, Michael First, Paul Costa, Robert McCrae, Michael Hallquist, and Paul Pilkonis provided commentaries on our target article. In this brief response, we cannot hope to discuss the myriad points raised by this august group. Such a task would be particularly daunting given the diversity of the commentaries. Indeed, the diversity of the commentaries provides a kind of "metacommentary" on the state of personality and psychopathology research. That is, the intellectual diversity contained in the commentaries underlines the substantial challenges that lie ahead of us, in terms of articulating a model of personality and psychopathology with both scientific validity and clinical applicability. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved.

The storytelling brain. Commentary on "On social attribution: implications of recent cognitive neuroscience research for race, law, and politics".

PubMed

Nigam, Sanjay K

2012-09-01

The well-established techniques of the professional storyteller not only have the potential to model complex "truth" but also to dig deeply into that complexity, thereby perhaps getting closer to that truth. This applies not only to fiction, but also to medicine and even science. Compelling storytelling ability may have conferred an evolutionary survival advantage and, if so, is likely represented in the neural circuitry of the human brain. Functional imaging will likely point to a neuroanatomical basis for compelling storytelling ability; this will presumably reflect underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms.

Where Hospital Boards Often Fail: Auditing Leadership Performance.

PubMed

Friedman, Susan Y; Rabkin, Mitchell T

2018-03-06

Hospital boards address quality of care and patient safety as well as financial performance through long-accepted practices. By contrast, a hospital's administrative operations and institutional culture are not usually subject to such detailed scrutiny. Yet, despite a healthy bottom line and patient commendations, hospital personnel can be underperforming, burdened with poor morale, and suffering from less than optimal leadership, unwarranted inefficiency, and ethically questionable management practices. The resulting employee dissatisfaction or disengagement can affect productivity, quality, turnover, innovation, patient and donor attraction and retention, public image, etc., and can be missed by an unsuspecting board. While boards do not scrutinize most administrative operations, they do examine financial performance, through review of the independent auditor's Management Letter. Designed to help the chief financial officer (CFO) improve the efficiency and integrity of the hospital's financial systems and to recommend improvements to the board for implementation (rather than to assess the CFO's performance), the Management Letter has no equal with respect to a comparable evaluation of the hospital's administrative performance and workplace culture. When, as is often the case, there is only superficial review of the chief executive officer, the board has no source of analysis or recommendations to improve the hospital's institutional environment. In this Invited Commentary, the authors suggest a methodology to provide such a review, leading to a Leadership Letter, and discuss its utility for both non-profit and for-profit organizations.

Emerging Technologies: Something Borrowed, Something New

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon

1999-04-01

The cover of the July 16, 1998 issue of Nature features a remarkable new "smart material" that can be used to print electronically on a variety of surfaces, including paper, plastic, and metal. The electrophoretic ink developed in J. Jacobson's lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology consists of liquid with dispersed, oppositely charged black and white microparticles that are contained in microcapsules. Application of a potential results in migration of the microparticles to opposite sides of the microcapsule, thereby generating either a white or black image that depends on the direction of the potential. Unlike liquid crystal displays, the image generated with electrophoretic ink is stable even after the power has been turned off. Cost and resolution of this new technology compare favorably with most other electronic image display systems currently in use or under development. Promising applications for electrophoretic ink in the future may range from street signs to electronic books (Comiskey et al., Vol. 394, pp 253-255; "News and Views" commentary by R. Wisnieff on pp 225-227).

Missing motoric manipulations: rethinking the imaging of the ventral striatum and dopamine in human reward.

PubMed

Kareken, David A

2018-01-26

Human neuroimaging studies of natural rewards and drugs of abuse frequently assay the brain's response to stimuli that, through Pavlovian learning, have come to be associated with a drug's rewarding properties. This might be characterized as a 'sensorial' view of the brain's reward system, insofar as the paradigms are designed to elicit responses to a reward's (drug's) sight, aroma, or flavor. A different field of research nevertheless suggests that the mesolimbic dopamine system may also be critically involved in the motor behaviors provoked by such stimuli. This brief review and commentary surveys some of the preclinical data supporting this more "efferent" (motoric) view of the brain's reward system, and discusses what such findings might mean for how human brain imaging studies of natural rewards and drugs of abuse are designed.

Predicting High Imaging Utilization Based on Initial Radiology Reports: A Feasibility Study of Machine Learning.

PubMed

Hassanpour, Saeed; Langlotz, Curtis P

2016-01-01

Imaging utilization has significantly increased over the last two decades, and is only recently showing signs of moderating. To help healthcare providers identify patients at risk for high imaging utilization, we developed a prediction model to recognize high imaging utilizers based on their initial imaging reports. The prediction model uses a machine learning text classification framework. In this study, we used radiology reports from 18,384 patients with at least one abdomen computed tomography study in their imaging record at Stanford Health Care as the training set. We modeled the radiology reports in a vector space and trained a support vector machine classifier for this prediction task. We evaluated our model on a separate test set of 4791 patients. In addition to high prediction accuracy, in our method, we aimed at achieving high specificity to identify patients at high risk for high imaging utilization. Our results (accuracy: 94.0%, sensitivity: 74.4%, specificity: 97.9%, positive predictive value: 87.3%, negative predictive value: 95.1%) show that a prediction model can enable healthcare providers to identify in advance patients who are likely to be high utilizers of imaging services. Machine learning classifiers developed from narrative radiology reports are feasible methods to predict imaging utilization. Such systems can be used to identify high utilizers, inform future image ordering behavior, and encourage judicious use of imaging. Copyright © 2016 The Association of University Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Detection and Delineation of Oral Cancer With a PARP1-Targeted Optical Imaging Agent.

PubMed

Kossatz, Susanne; Weber, Wolfgang; Reiner, Thomas

2017-01-01

More sensitive and specific methods for early detection are imperative to improve survival rates in oral cancer. However, oral cancer detection is still largely based on visual examination and histopathology of biopsy material, offering no molecular selectivity or spatial resolution. Intuitively, the addition of optical contrast could improve oral cancer detection and delineation, but so far no molecularly targeted approach has been translated. Our fluorescently labeled small-molecule inhibitor PARPi-FL binds to the DNA repair enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 (PARP1) and is a potential diagnostic aid for oral cancer delineation. Based on our preclinical work, a clinical phase I/II trial opened in March 2017 to evaluate PARPi-FL as a contrast agent for oral cancer imaging. In this commentary, we discuss why we chose PARP1 as a biomarker for tumor detection and which particular characteristics make PARPi-FL an excellent candidate to image PARP1 in optically guided applications. We also comment on the potential benefits of our molecularly targeted PARPi-FL-guided imaging approach in comparison to existing oral cancer screening adjuncts and mention the adaptability of PARPi-FL imaging to other environments and tumor types.

Commentary: Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD): a misnomer, looking for a new name.

PubMed

Karoshi, Mahantesh; Okolo, S O

2004-01-01

This commentary highlights controversies associated with the nomenclature of polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). It also deals with the authors' suggestion for the new name of polyfollicular ovarian disease (PFOD).

Commentary: PhDs in Biochemistry Education--5 Years Later

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Offerdahl, Erika G.; Momsen, Jennifer L.; Osgood, Marcy

2014-01-01

In this commentary, the discussion of PhDs in biochemistry education research is expanded to explore a number of diverse pathways leading to a competitive research program in biochemistry education research.

The Health Policy Process in Vietnam: Going Beyond Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Theory

PubMed Central

Kane, Sumit

2016-01-01

This commentary reflects upon the article along three broad lines. It reflects on the theoretical choices and omissions, particularly highlighting why it is important to adapt the multiple streams framework (MSF) when applying it in a socio-political context like Vietnam’s. The commentary also reflects upon the analytical threads tackled by Ha et al; for instance, it highlights the opportunities offered by, and raises questions about the centrality of the Policy Entrepreneur in getting the policy onto the political agenda and in pushing it through. The commentary also dwells on the implications of the article for development aid policies and practices. Throughout, the commentary signposts possible themes for Ha et al to consider for further analysis, and more generally, for future research using Kingdon’s multiple streams theory. PMID:27694671

Social Media: Portrait of an Emerging Tool in Medical Education.

PubMed

Roy, Durga; Taylor, Jacob; Cheston, Christine C; Flickinger, Tabor E; Chisolm, Margaret S

2016-02-01

The authors compare the prevalence of challenges and opportunities in commentaries and descriptive accounts versus evaluative studies of social media use in medical education. A previously published report of social media use in medical education provided an in-depth discussion of 14 evaluative studies, a small subset of the total number of 99 articles on this topic. This study used the full set of articles identified by that review, including the 58 commentaries and 27 descriptive accounts which had not been previously reported, to provide a glimpse into how emerging tools in medical education are initially perceived. Each commentary, descriptive account, and evaluative study was identified and compared on various characteristics, including discussion themes regarding the challenges and opportunities of social media use in medical education. Themes related to the challenges of social media use in medical education were more prevalent in commentaries and descriptive accounts than in evaluative studies. The potential of social media to affect medical professionalism adversely was the most commonly discussed challenge in the commentaries (53%) and descriptive accounts (63%) in comparison to technical issues related to implementation in the evaluative studies (50%). Results suggest that the early body of literature on social media use in medical education-like that of previous innovative education tools-comprises primarily commentaries and descriptive accounts that focus more on the challenges of social media than on potential opportunities. These results place social media tools in historical context and lay the groundwork for expanding on this novel approach to medical education.

Continuing Commentary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lerner, R. M.; von Eye, A.

1993-01-01

Rebuts the Burgess and Molenaar commentary in this issue on the authors' paper concerning sociobiology and human development, maintaining that genes (nature) cannot usefully be construed as independent of the coactional developmental system of which they are a part. (BB)

Medawar's legacy to cellular immunology and clinical transplantation: a commentary on Billingham, Brent and Medawar (1956) 'Quantitative studies on tissue transplantation immunity. III. Actively acquired tolerance'.

PubMed

Simpson, Elizabeth

2015-04-19

'Quantitative studies on tissue transplantation immunity. III. Actively acquired tolerance', published in Philosophical Transactions B in 1956 by Peter Medawar and his colleagues, PhD graduate Leslie Brent and postdoctoral fellow Rupert Billingham, is a full description of the concept of acquired transplantation tolerance. Their 1953 Nature paper (Billingham RE et al. 1953 Nature 172, 603-606. (doi:10.1038/172603a0)) had provided initial evidence with experimental results from a small number of neonatal mice, with mention of similar findings in chicks. The Philosophical Transactions B 1956 paper is clothed with an astonishing amount of further experimental detail. It is written in Peter Medawar's landmark style: witty, perceptive and full of images that can be recalled even when details of the supporting information have faded. Those images are provided not just by a series of 20 colour plates showing skin graft recipient mice, rats, rabbits, chickens and duck, bearing fur or plumage of donor origin, but by his choice of metaphor, simile and analogy to express the questions being addressed and the interpretation of their results, along with those of relevant published data and his prescient ideas of what the results might portend. This work influenced both immunology researchers and clinicians and helped to lay the foundations for successful transplantation programmes. It led to the award of a Nobel prize in 1960 to Medawar, and subsequently to several scientists who advanced these areas. This commentary was written to celebrate the 350th anniversary of the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.

Avoiding mandatory hospital nurse staffing ratios: an economic commentary.

PubMed

Buerhaus, Peter I

2009-01-01

The imposition of mandatory hospital nurse staffing ratios is among the more visible public policy initiatives affecting the nursing profession. Although the practice is intended to address problems in hospital nurse staffing and quality of patient care, this commentary argues that staffing ratios will lead to negative consequences for nurses involving the equity, efficiency, and costs of producing nursing care in hospitals. Rather than spend time and effort attempting to regulate nurse staffing, this commentary offers alternatives strategies that are directed at fixing the problems that motivate the advocates of staffing ratios.

Medical tourism: a fad or an opportunity Comment on "Patient mobility in the global marketplace: a multidisciplinary perspective".

PubMed

Kronfol, Nabil

2014-06-01

This article is a commentary of an overview on "medical tourism" submitted by Lunt and Marrion, which describes a framework for the study of the issues related to medical tourism. The commentary attempts to differentiate between the current interest in medical tourism and the time-honored and well-established treatment abroad from countries with underdeveloped health systems. The commentary also calls for efforts to strengthen medical services and quality of care through the inflow of patients to countries that attract "medical tourists".

Commentary: Are alpha-2 agonist really effective in children with tics with comorbid ADHD? A commentary on Whittington et al. (2016).

PubMed

Bloch, Michael H

2016-09-01

In this issue, Whittington et al. (2016) present a systematic review that reports the efficacy of three primary treatments for children with Tourette syndrome (TS) - (a) α2-adrenergic receptor agonists; (b) antipsychotic medications; and (c) habit reversal training/comprehensive behavioral intervention. In this commentary, we highlight the large degree of heterogeneity observed in the meta-analysis of trials involving alpha-2 agonist medications and present possible explanations for the observed heterogeneity. Among these possible explanations is the possibility that presence of comorbid ADHD may moderate the efficacy of alpha-2 agonists in the treatment of tic disorder with the medications being more effective in patients with both conditions. The commentary reviews the evidence supporting this possible moderating effect of ADHD and discusses the implications for such a relationship. © 2016 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.

The Health Policy Process in Vietnam: Going Beyond Kingdon's Multiple Streams TheoryComment on "Shaping the Health Policy Agenda: The Case of Safe Motherhood Policy in Vietnam".

PubMed

Kane, Sumit

2016-04-25

This commentary reflects upon the article along three broad lines. It reflects on the theoretical choices and omissions, particularly highlighting why it is important to adapt the multiple streams framework (MSF) when applying it in a socio-political context like Vietnam's. The commentary also reflects upon the analytical threads tackled by Ha et al; for instance, it highlights the opportunities offered by, and raises questions about the centrality of the Policy Entrepreneur in getting the policy onto the political agenda and in pushing it through. The commentary also dwells on the implications of the article for development aid policies and practices. Throughout, the commentary signposts possible themes for Ha et al to consider for further analysis, and more generally, for future research using Kingdon's multiple streams theory. © 2016 by Kerman University of Medical Sciences.

The value of open access and a patient centric approach to oral oncolytic utilization in the treatment of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia: A U.S. perspective.

PubMed

Das, Lopamudra; Gitlin, Matthew; Siegartel, Lisa R; Makenbaeva, Dinara

2017-04-01

Since the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the treatment of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) has resulted in significant improvement in patient survival but at a higher pharmaceutical cost to payers. The recent introduction of generic imatinib presents an opportunity to lower pharmacy costs within a population that is growing due to improved survival. Recent literature has focused on the likely benefits to payers of step therapy through generic imatinib. Areas covered: This review provides a perspective that is broader than the evaluation of financial savings or narrowly defined health economic metrics by incorporating factors such as CML patient heterogeneity, including varying levels of disease progression risk, comorbidities and genetic mutation status, differences in TKI product profiles, clinical guideline recommendations, and the importance of individualized patient care. A focused literature review evaluating the real-world impact of utilization management programs is presented. Expert commentary: The findings indicate that payers can achieve substantial savings without the need to implement utilization management policies. Compromises in the ability to provide individualized patient care and unwanted economic consequences resulting from increased costs of disease progression, adverse events, and lack of response to treatment due to utilization management are summarized.

Better research reporting to improve the utility of routine data for making better treatment decisions.

PubMed

Hemkens, Lars G; Langan, Sinéad M; Benchimol, Eric I

2016-03-01

The availability of routinely collected health data, such as health administrative data, electronic health records, prescription records and disease registries, has increased in the information age. This has led to an explosion of reports of comparativeness effectiveness research using such data. Guidelines for the REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected Data (RECORD) will improve the completeness and transparency of reporting of research using routinely collected health data. The Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research has endorsed these guidelines. In this commentary, the RECORD checklist is reprinted and members of the RECORD working committee reflect on the importance of these reporting guidelines for the field of comparative effectiveness research.

IMPROVING THE REPORTING OF THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS IN REHABILITATION RESEARCH.

PubMed

Page, Phil; Hoogenboom, Barb; Voight, Michael

2017-04-01

The foundation of evidence-based practice lies in clinical research, which is based on the utilization of the scientific method. The scientific method requires that all details of the experiment be provided in publications to support replication of the study in order to evaluate and validate the results. More importantly, clinical research can only be translated into practice when researchers provide explicit details of the study. Too often, rehabilitation exercise intervention studies lack the appropriate detail to allow clinicians to replicate the exercise protocol in their patient populations. Therefore, the purpose of this clinical commentary is to provide guidelines for optimal reporting of therapeutic exercise interventions in rehabilitation research. 5.

The Supply and Demand of the Cardiovascular Workforce

PubMed Central

Narang, Akhil; Sinha, Shashank S.; Rajagopalan, Bharath; Ijioma, Nkechinyere N.; Jayaram, Natalie; Kithcart, Aaron P.; Tanguturi, Varsha K.; Cullen, Michael W.

2017-01-01

As the burden of cardiovascular disease in the United States continues to increase, uncertainty remains on how well-equipped the cardiovascular workforce is to meet the challenges that lie ahead. In a time when health care is rapidly shifting, numerous factors affect the supply and demand of the cardiovascular workforce. This Council Commentary critically examines several factors that influence the cardiovascular workforce. These include current workforce demographics and projections, evolving health care and practice environments, and the increasing burden of cardiovascular disease. Finally, we propose 3 strategies to optimize the workforce. These focus on cardiovascular disease prevention, the effective utilization of the cardiovascular care team, and alterations to the training pathway for cardiologists. PMID:27712782

A harmonized segmentation protocol for hippocampal and parahippocampal subregions: why do we need one and what are the key goals?

PubMed Central

Olsen, Rosanna K.; Berron, David; Carr, Valerie A.; Stark, Craig E.L.; Amaral, Robert S.C.; Amunts, Katrin; Augustinack, Jean C.; Bender, Andrew R.; Bernstein, Jeffrey D.; Boccardi, Marina; Bocchetta, Martina; Burggren, Alison; Chakravarty, M. Mallar; Chupin, Marie; Ekstrom, Arne; de Flores, Robin; Insausti, Ricardo; Kanel, Prabesh; Kedo, Olga; Kennedy, Kristen M.; Kerchner, Geoffrey A.; LaRocque, Karen F.; Liu, Xiuwen; Maass, Anne; Malykhin, Nicolai; Mueller, Susanne G.; Ofen, Noa; Palombo, Daniela J.; Parekh, Mansi B.; Pluta, John B.; Pruessner, Jens C.; Raz, Naftali; Rodrigue, Karen M.; Schoemaker, Dorothee; Shafer, Andrea T.; Steve, Trevor A.; Suthana, Nanthia; Wang, Lei; Winterburn, Julie L.; Yassa, Michael A.; Yushkevich, Paul A.; la Joie, Renaud

2016-01-01

The advent of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has enabled in vivo research in a variety of populations and diseases on the structure and function of hippocampal subfields and subdivisions of the parahippocampal gyrus. Due to the many extant and highly discrepant segmentation protocols, comparing results across studies is difficult. To overcome this barrier, the Hippocampal Subfields Group was formed as an international collaboration with the aim of developing a harmonized protocol for manual segmentation of hippocampal and parahippocampal subregions on high-resolution MRI. In this commentary we discuss the goals for this protocol and the associated key challenges involved in its development. These include differences among existing anatomical reference materials, striking the right balance between reliability of measurements and anatomical validity, and the development of a versatile protocol that can be adopted for the study of populations varying in age and health. The commentary outlines these key challenges, as well as the proposed solution of each, with concrete examples from our working plan. Finally, with two examples, we illustrate how the harmonized protocol, once completed, is expected to impact the field by producing measurements that are quantitatively comparable across labs and by facilitating the synthesis of findings across different studies. PMID:27862600

Crashworthiness : an illustrated commentary on occupant survival in general aviation accidents.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1983-04-01

This report is an illustrated commentary on crash survival in general aviation aircraft. Photographs, drawings, and discussion present some basic concepts of crash forces; mechanisms of injury to occupants; and the roles of shoulder harnesses, lapbel...

Codifying Practice into Theory: Commentary on Wandersman et al.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leviton, Laura C.

2016-01-01

In this commentary I discuss how Getting to Outcomes and other empowerment strategies have potential to contribute to a theory of evaluation practice, address the epistemology of quality improvement, and inform the external validity of outcome evaluations.

A call for research exploring social media influences on mothers' child feeding practices and childhood obesity risk.

PubMed

Doub, Allison E; Small, Meg; Birch, Leann L

2016-04-01

There is increasing interest in leveraging social media to prevent childhood obesity, however, the evidence base for how social media currently influences related behaviors and how interventions could be developed for these platforms is lacking. This commentary calls for research on the extent to which mothers use social media to learn about child feeding practices and the mechanisms through which social media influences their child feeding practices. Such formative research could be applied to the development and dissemination of evidence-based childhood obesity prevention programs that utilize social media. Mothers are identified as a uniquely important target audience for social media-based interventions because of their proximal influence on children's eating behavior and their high engagement with social media platforms. Understanding mothers' current behaviors, interests, and needs as they relate to their social media use and child feeding practices is an integral first step in the development of interventions that aim to engage mothers for obesity prevention. This commentary highlights the importance of mothers for childhood obesity prevention; discusses theoretical and analytic frameworks that can inform research on social media and mothers' child feeding practices; provides evidence that social media is an emerging context for social influences on mothers' attitudes and behaviors in which food is a salient topic; and suggests directions for future research. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Endoscopy and cross-sectional imaging for assessing Crohn׳s disease activity

PubMed Central

Stidham, Ryan W.; Cross, Raymond K.

2016-01-01

Crohn’s disease (CD) is principally characterized by chronic and recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly found in the ileo-colonic region. The chronicity and severity of intestinal inflammation together contribute to progressive, cumulative, deep, transmural intestinal damage, including stricturing, obstruction, abscesses, and fistulae. Both intestinal inflammation and its chronic complications result in a range of symptoms subsequently leading to patient presentations with diarrhea, abdominal pain, and anemia related to intestinal blood loss. Measuring disease activity and severity are essential for decision of treatment intensity early in the disease course and longitudinal monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. This review will summarize the transition from subjective symptoms driving disease activity indices, into increasingly objective and quantitative measures of intestinal injury by direct mucosal assessment (endoscopy), cross-sectional imaging, and surrogate biomarkers. Specific commentary on intestinal stricture and perianal fistula assessment and management are presented in accompanying sections of this series. PMID:28458507

Endoscopy and cross-sectional imaging for assessing Crohn׳s disease activity.

PubMed

Stidham, Ryan W; Cross, Raymond K

2016-07-01

Crohn's disease (CD) is principally characterized by chronic and recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly found in the ileo-colonic region. The chronicity and severity of intestinal inflammation together contribute to progressive, cumulative, deep, transmural intestinal damage, including stricturing, obstruction, abscesses, and fistulae. Both intestinal inflammation and its chronic complications result in a range of symptoms subsequently leading to patient presentations with diarrhea, abdominal pain, and anemia related to intestinal blood loss. Measuring disease activity and severity are essential for decision of treatment intensity early in the disease course and longitudinal monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. This review will summarize the transition from subjective symptoms driving disease activity indices, into increasingly objective and quantitative measures of intestinal injury by direct mucosal assessment (endoscopy), cross-sectional imaging, and surrogate biomarkers. Specific commentary on intestinal stricture and perianal fistula assessment and management are presented in accompanying sections of this series.

Improvements in diagnostic tools for early detection of psoriatic arthritis.

PubMed

D'Angelo, Salvatore; Palazzi, Carlo; Gilio, Michele; Leccese, Pietro; Padula, Angela; Olivieri, Ignazio

2016-11-01

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease characterized by a wide clinical spectrum. The early diagnosis of PsA is currently a challenging topic. Areas covered: The literature was extensively reviewed for studies addressing the topic area "diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis". This review will summarize improvements in diagnostic tools, especially referral to the rheumatologist, the role of patient history and clinical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging techniques in getting an early and correct diagnosis of PsA. Expert commentary: Due to the heterogeneity of its expression, PsA may be easily either overdiagnosed or underdiagnosed. A diagnosis of PsA should be taken into account every time a patient with psoriasis or a family history of psoriasis shows peripheral arthritis, especially if oligoarticular or involving the distal interphalangeal joints, enthesitis or dactylitis. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography are useful for diagnosing PsA early, particularly when isolated enthesitis or inflammatory spinal pain occur.

Automatic Adviser on Mobile Objects Status Identification and Classification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shabelnikov, A. N.; Liabakh, N. N.; Gibner, Ya M.; Saryan, A. S.

2018-05-01

A mobile object status identification task is defined within the image discrimination theory. It is proposed to classify objects into three classes: object operation status; its maintenance is required and object should be removed from the production process. Two methods were developed to construct the separating boundaries between the designated classes: a) using statistical information on the research objects executed movement, b) basing on regulatory documents and expert commentary. Automatic Adviser operation simulation and the operation results analysis complex were synthesized. Research results are commented using a specific example of cuts rolling from the hump yard. The work was supported by Russian Fundamental Research Fund, project No. 17-20-01040.

Simplifying Skin Disease Diagnosis with Topical Nanotechnology.

PubMed

Yeo, David C; Xu, Chenjie

2018-05-01

A new study published in the journal Nature Biomedical Engineering 1 documents a novel diagnostic technology that exploits topically applied nanotechnology to detect skin tissue biomarkers for diagnosis. This concept is demonstrated by noninvasively imaging connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mRNA in abnormal scar cells, whole tissue, and animal models. In this commentary, we highlight the main findings and discuss their implications. Successful implementation in the clinic could give rise to self-applied, biopsy-free diagnostic technology and significantly reduce healthcare burden. Crucially, noninvasive visualization of disease biomarkers, mobile device signal acquisition, and Internet-enabled transmission could significantly transform the diagnosis of skin disease and other superficial tissues.

Science & Technology Review January/February 2010

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bearinger, J P

2009-11-30

This month's issue has the following articles: (1) Innovative Materials Rise to the Radiation Challenge - Commentary by Bruce Warner; (2) The Hunt for Better Radiation Detection - New materials will help radiation detectors pick up weak signals and accurately identify illicit radioactive sources; (3) Time-Critical Technology Identifies Deadly Bloodborne Pathogens - A portable device can simultaneously distinguish up to five bloodborne pathogens in just minutes; (4) Defending Computer Networks against Attack - A Laboratory effort takes a new approach to detecting increasingly sophisticated cyber attacks; and (5) Imaging Cargo's Inner Secrets - Livermore-University of California collaborators are modeling amore » new radiographic technique for identifying nuclear materials concealed inside cargo containers.« less

Two Perspectives on Psychoactive Drugs: Commentary on Wolfensberger (1994).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levitas, Andrew; And Others

1994-01-01

This commentary on a 1994 article by Wolfensberger on the current mental retardation scene, in which he describes prescription psychoactive drugs as health destroying and life destroying, criticizes Wolfensberger's comments on "psychoactive medications," noting "elementary errors,""apparently concocted figures," and…

Dialectics and Operatory Thinking. A Commentary on 'Youniss Operations' and Everyday Thinking. A Commentary on 'Dialectical Operations'

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wozniak, R. H.

1974-01-01

A criticism of Youniss' (1975) dialectical conception of Piaget's figurative-operative distinction. It is suggested that the figurative-operative distinction does not meet the criteria for a subject-object dialectic. (JMB)

Enhancing the role of faith-based organizations to improve health: a commentary.

PubMed

Schoenberg, Nancy E

2017-09-01

Researchers, policymakers, and community members increasingly recognize the potential to leverage faith-based organizations (FBOs) to improve health. This commentary complements Leyva and colleagues' article on whether and how members of FBOs view such a role. The commentary draws on our 13+ years operating a faith-based and community-based research organization, Faith Moves Mountains, in the Appalachian context. Issues to be addressed in the further development of faith-based health promotion include sustainability; adherence to the evidence-based operations of interventions, training, and privacy and protection protocols; and understanding the changing landscape of American public life.

Commentary: implications for assessment and treatment of addictive and mentally disordered offenders entering prisons.

PubMed

Easton, Caroline J; Devine, Susan; Scott, Melanie; Wupperman, Peggilee

2008-01-01

In this commentary, we discuss the main findings of the research study by Gunter et al., "The Frequency of Mental Health and Addictive Disorders Among 320 Men and Women Entering the Iowa Prison System: Use of the MINI-PLUS." This commentary provides an overview on the use of standardized assessments with prison populations; prevalence rates of mental and addictive disorders within prisons; substance use disorders, as opposed to substance-induced psychiatric disorders, among prison populations; and research on diversion treatment programs within the community for nonviolent mentally ill and substance-using offenders.

English Translations Of The First Clinical Reports On Narcolepsy And Cataplexy By Westphal And Gélineau In The Late 19th Century, With Commentary

PubMed Central

Schenck, Carlos H.; Bassetti, Claudio L.; Arnulf, Isabelle; Mignot, Emmanuel

2007-01-01

Study Objectives: To publish the first English translations, with commentary, of the original reports describing narcolepsy and cataplexy by Westphal in German (1877) and by Gélineau in French (1880). Methods: A professional translation service translated the 2 reports from either German or French to English, with each translation then being slightly edited by one of the authors. All authors then provided commentary. Results: Both Westphal and Gélineau correctly identified and described the new clinical entities of cataplexy and narcolepsy, with recurrent, self-limited sleep attacks and/or cataplectic attacks affecting 2 otherwise healthy people. Narcolepsy was named by Gélineau (and cataplexy was named by Henneberg in 1916). The evidence in both cases is sufficiently convincing to conclude that they were likely each HLA-DQB1*0602 positive and hypocretin deficient. Conclusions: The original descriptions of narcolepsy and cataplexy are now available in English, allowing for extensive clinical and historical commentary. Citations: Schenck CH; Bassetti CL; Arnulf I et al. English translations of the first clinical reports on narcolepsy and cataplexy by Westphal and Gélineau in the late 19th century, with commentary. J Clin Sleep Med 2007;3(3):301–311 PMID:17561602

The tear turnover and tear clearance tests - a review.

PubMed

Garaszczuk, Izabela K; Montes Mico, Robert; Iskander, D Robert; Expósito, Alejandro Cerviño

2018-03-01

The aim is to provide a summary of methods available for the assessment of tear turnover and tear clearance rates. The review defines tear clearance and tear turnover and describes their implication for ocular surface health. Additionally, it describes main types of techniques for measuring tear turnover, including fluorescein tear clearance tests, techniques utilizing electromagnetic spectrum and tracer molecule and novel experimental techniques utilizing optical coherence tomography and fluorescein profilometry. Areas covered: Internet databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar) and most frequently cited references were used as a principal resource of information on tear turnover rate and tear clearance rate, presenting methodologies and equipment, as well as their definition and implications for the anterior eye surface health and function. Keywords used for data-search were as follows: tear turnover, tear clearance, fluorescein clearance, scintigraphy, fluorophotometry, tear flow, drainage, tear meniscus dynamics, Krehbiel flow and lacrimal functional unit. Expert commentary: After decades, the topic of tear turnover assessment has been reintroduced. Recently, new techniques have been developed to propose less invasive, less time consuming and simpler methodologies for the assessment of tear dynamics that have the potential to be utilized in clinical practice.

Primer on the Implementation of a Pharmacy Intranet Site to Improve Department Communication

PubMed Central

Hale, Holly J.

2013-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to describe the experience of selecting, developing, and implementing a pharmacy department intranet site with commentary regarding application to other institutions. Clinical practitioners and supporting staff need an effective, efficient, organized, and user-friendly communication tool to utilize and relay information required to optimize patient care. Summary: To create a functional and user-friendly department intranet site, department leadership and staff should be involved in the process from selection of product through implementation. A product that supports both document storage management and communication delivery and has the capability to be customized to provide varied levels of site access is desirable. The designation of an intranet site owner/developer within the department will facilitate purposeful site design and site maintenance execution. A well-designed and up-to-date site along with formal end-user training are essential for staff adoption and continued utilization. Conclusion: Development of a department intranet site requires a considerable time investment by several members of the department. The implementation of an intranet site can be an important step toward achieving improved communications. Staff utilization of this resource is key to its success. PMID:24421523

Primer on the implementation of a pharmacy intranet site to improve department communication.

PubMed

Hale, Holly J

2013-07-01

The purpose of the article is to describe the experience of selecting, developing, and implementing a pharmacy department intranet site with commentary regarding application to other institutions. Clinical practitioners and supporting staff need an effective, efficient, organized, and user-friendly communication tool to utilize and relay information required to optimize patient care. To create a functional and user-friendly department intranet site, department leadership and staff should be involved in the process from selection of product through implementation. A product that supports both document storage management and communication delivery and has the capability to be customized to provide varied levels of site access is desirable. The designation of an intranet site owner/developer within the department will facilitate purposeful site design and site maintenance execution. A well-designed and up-to-date site along with formal end-user training are essential for staff adoption and continued utilization. Development of a department intranet site requires a considerable time investment by several members of the department. The implementation of an intranet site can be an important step toward achieving improved communications. Staff utilization of this resource is key to its success.

Commentary: PhDs in biochemistry education-5 years later.

PubMed

Offerdahl, Erika G; Momsen, Jennifer L; Osgood, Marcy

2014-01-01

In this commentary, the discussion of PhDs in biochemistry education research is expanded to explore a number of diverse pathways leading to a competitive research program in biochemistry education research. © 2013 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Commentary on Values and Standards in Performance Assessment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guion, Robert M.

1995-01-01

This commentary discusses three essential themes in performance assessment and its scoring. First, scores should mean something. Second, performance scores should permit fair and meaningful comparisons. Third, validity-reducing errors should be minimal. Increased attention to performance assessment may overcome these problems. (SLD)

[Further Distinctions between Magic, Reality, Religion, and Fiction. Commentaries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyer, Pascal; Taylor, Marjorie; Harris, Paul L.; Chandler, Michael; Johnson, Carl N.

1997-01-01

Contains the following commentaries: "Further Distinctions between Magic, Reality, Religion, and Fiction"; "The Role of Creative Control and Culture in Children's Fantasy/Reality Judgments"; "The Last of the Magicians? Children, Scientists, and the Invocation of Hidden Causal Powers"; "Rescuing Magical Thinking…

Concrete pavement mixture design and analysis (MDA) guide specification for highway concrete pavements : commentary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-10-01

A guide specification and commentary have been prepared that lay out current state-of-the art thinking with respect to materials and : mixture selection, proportioning, and acceptance. These documents take into account the different environments, pra...

Commentary on the Papers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howe, Christine; Mercer, Neil

2017-01-01

This commentary discusses the four papers that comprise the special issue on dialogic teaching and learning, while making general observations that apply across the field as a whole. Similarities and differences are identified over the concepts of "dialogue" and "dialogic pedagogy". The possibility is raised that some aspects…

Preventive medicine in 2030.

PubMed

Freudenberg, Nicholas

2012-12-01

This invited commentary imagines two futures for preventive medicine and public health in the Year 2030. Using satire, the commentary describes one future in which large corporations control public health and another where a robust public sector plays the leading role. Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Obesity prevention lessons from Latin America.

PubMed

Pratt, Michael; Charvel Orozco, Ana Sofia; Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio; Reis, Rodrigo S; Sarmiento, Olga L

2014-12-01

This is an invited commentary for the Active Living Research (ALR) special issue. The commentary focuses on the lessons that can be learned from Latin America regarding obesity prevention. Examples from Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia that may inform US policy are described. Published by Elsevier Inc.

How to Lose Your Charter

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilkens, Christian P.

2013-01-01

In this scholarly commentary, the author examines the major reasons U.S. charter schools have closed since 1992. The commentary provides examples of charter school failures in high-frequency areas, such as financial and organizational mismanagement, and academic underperformance; it further identifies two subcategories of academic risk:…

Advanced Imaging Utilization Trends in Privately Insured Patients From 2007 to 2013.

PubMed

Horný, Michal; Burgess, James F; Cohen, Alan B

2015-12-01

The aim of the study was to investigate whether the increase in utilization of advanced diagnostic imaging for privately insured patients in 2011 was the beginning of a new trend in imaging utilization growth, or an isolated deviation from the declining trend that began in 2008. We extracted outpatient and inpatient CT, diagnostic ultrasound, MRI, and PET procedures from databases, for the years 2007 to 2013. This study extended previous work, covering 2012 to 2013, using the same methodology. For every year of the study period, we calculated the following: number of procedures per person-year covered by private health insurance; proportion of office and emergency visits that resulted in an imaging session; average payments per procedure; and total payments per person-year covered by private health insurance. Outpatient utilization of CT and PET decreased in both 2012 and 2013; outpatient utilization of MRI mildly increased in 2012, but then decreased in 2013. Outpatient utilization of diagnostic ultrasound showed a very different pattern, increasing throughout the study period. Inpatient utilization of all imaging modalities except PET decreased in both 2012 and 2013. Adjusted payments for all imaging modalities increased in 2012, and then dropped substantially in 2013, except the adjusted payments for diagnostic ultrasound that increased in 2013 again. The trend of increasing utilization of advanced diagnostic imaging seems to be over for some, but not all, imaging modalities. A combination of policy (eg, breast density notification laws), technologic advancement, and wider access seems to be responsible for at least part of an increasing utilization of diagnostic ultrasound. Copyright © 2015 American College of Radiology. All rights reserved.

Image Representation and Interactivity: An Exploration of Utility Values, Information-Needs and Image Interactivity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Elise C.

2011-01-01

This study was designed to explore the relationships between users and interactive images. Three factors were identified and provided different perspectives on how users interact with images: image utility, information-need, and images with varying levels of interactivity. The study used a mixed methodology to gain a more comprehensive…

Critical Data and Rhetorical Theory (Commentary).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MacAloon, John J.

1989-01-01

Argues that, in terms of demography of attention, broadcast economics, the excitation of wide public commentary, and First and Third World media dependency issues, American Olympic television is a worthwhile object of scrutiny for mass communication researchers. Appraises two studies by Thomas Farrell and Eric Rothenbuhler (same issue). (SR)

Commentary: Indigenous Health Special Issue

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tonmyr, Lil; Blackstock, Cindy

2010-01-01

This commentary highlights indigenous public health research from a special issue of the International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction dealing with child maltreatment, mental health, substance abuse and gambling. We focus on the emerging and growing research movement in Indigenous research through three important themes: 1) worldview and…

Put Me in Coach: A Commentary on the RPSD Exchange.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hardman, Michael L.

2003-01-01

This commentary discusses principles concerning requirements for scientifically based research under No Child Left Behind: scientific inquiry begins with important research questions, not specific methodologies; the logic that scientifically based research equates with randomized controlled trials will result in research and practice disconnects;…

Commentary: Academic Enablers and School Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keith, Timothy Z.

2002-01-01

This commentary presents academic enablers within the broader, overlapping context of school learning theory, including the theories of Carroll, Harnishfeger and Wiley, Walberg, and others. Multivariate models are needed to understand the influences of academic enabler and school learning variables on learning, as well as the influences of these…

Commentary: Cultural Adaptation, Collaboration, and Exchange

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palinkas, Lawrence Albert

2010-01-01

This commentary reviews three articles linked together by two themes (a) the use of cultural adaptation of evidence-based practices to reduce disparities in health and services delivery and (b) the importance of collaboration involving intervention developers, practitioners, and consumers when delivering services. Both themes illustrate a process…

Commentary: Potential Neurobiologic Mechanisms through Which Metabolic Disorders Could Relate to Autism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnston, Michael V.

2000-01-01

To illustrate the possible relationships between metabolic disorders and autism, this commentary reviews findings from studies on the characteristics of individuals with Rett syndrome that indicate the genetic mechanism of transcriptional dysregulation can produce pathologic phenotypes which resemble metabolic disorders that stunt axonodendritic…

Commentary: Implementing Interventions: Building a Shared Understanding of Why

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grøver, Vibeke

2016-01-01

This commentary discusses how the articles that comprise this special issue conceptualize what is required for reading interventions to change instruction. Three challenges to successful implementation are addressed: identifying institutional barriers to change, identifying intervention components that are not commonly part of the teachers'…

Metrology of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baird, Jo-Anne; Andrich, David; Hopfenbeck, Therese N.; Stobart, Gordon

2017-01-01

In response to the commentaries to their original article, the authors thank the commentators for their remarks and note that there is some general consensus across the commentaries around some major themes: (1) the lack of articulation between assessment and learning theories, particularly in relation to large-scale testing used for…

77 FR 40107 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE MKT LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-06

... Amending Commentary .02 to Rule 960NY in Order To Extend the Penny Pilot in Options Classes in Certain... Change The Exchange proposes to amend Commentary .02 to Rule 960NY in order to extend the Penny Pilot in...

Commentary: Dilemmas of Desegregation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Powers, Jeanne M.

2017-01-01

This article is a commentary on Erica Frankenberg's article, "Assessing Segregation under a New Generation of Controlled Choice Policies." Both school segregation and organized efforts to end segregation have a long and deep history in the United States. The Supreme Court's decision in "Brown v. Board of Education" (1954) has…

Maker Culture and "Minecraft": Implications for the Future of Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Niemeyer, Dodie J.; Gerber, Hannah R.

2015-01-01

Collaborative learning environments found with gaming communities can provide excellent structures to study the way that learners act within informal learning environments. For example, many of these gaming communities encourage gamers to create videogames and virtual world walkthroughs and commentaries. Walkthroughs and commentaries provide…

Commentary: The failure of social inclusion: an alternative approach through community development.

PubMed

Mandiberg, James M

2012-01-01

Mental health services have not resulted in broad-based inclusion of people with psychiatric disabilities. Rather, many maintain their community lives only through the support of formal mental health services, which is financially unsustainable given current fiscal realities. Fundamental assumptions about sources of support for everyday life need to be reassessed. The economic and social development of the mental health recovery community provides an alternative approach to helping people maintain successful community lives and shifts some of the supports from mental health providers to business infrastructure within the mental health recovery identity community. Some projects that have utilized this approach, such as business incubators and work integration social enterprises, are described, and community development that builds on concepts of recovery is discussed.

Physical Examination for the Academic Psychiatrist: Primer and Common Clinical Scenarios.

PubMed

Azzam, Pierre N; Gopalan, Priya; Brown, Jennifer R; Aquino, Patrick R

2016-04-01

As clinical psychiatry has evolved to mirror the patient care model followed in other medical specialties, psychiatrists are called upon increasingly to utilize general medical skills in routine practice. Psychiatrists who practice in academic settings are often required to generate broad differential diagnoses that include medical and neurologic conditions and, as a result, benefit from incorporating physical examination into their psychiatric assessments. Physical examination allows psychiatrists to follow and to teach patient-informed clinical practices and comprehensive treatment approaches. In this commentary, the authors encourage routine use of a targeted physical examination and outline common scenarios in which physical examination would be useful for the academic psychiatrist: delirium, toxidromes, and unexplained medical conditions (e.g., somatic symptom disorders).

Commentary: Biochemistry Re-Natured

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Harold B.

2010-01-01

In his last commentary on "Biochemistry Denatured," this author dealt with his perception that college students today have spent too little of their childhood years playing outside in nature and as a consequence have not learned basic things about the world from personal experience. This "nature-deficit disorder" removes many opportunities for…

Next Steps for Research on SACD Programs: Embracing Complexity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atkins, Marc S.; Shernoff, Elisa S.; Marinez-Lora, Ane

2009-01-01

This commentary focuses on the promises and challenges facing the Social and Character Development (SACD) consortium in evaluating the effectiveness of seven universal SACD programs designed to enhance student behavior and school climate under conditions of real world practice. In this commentary, we highlight that the opportunity costs associated…

A Commentary on Cultural Influences Impacting the Education of Korean American Adolescents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jung, Adrian Woo; Stang, Kristin; Ferko, Doreen; Han, Shin-Il

2011-01-01

Korean American adolescents may find themselves caught between traditional Korean culture and demands for Americanization. Subsequently this population of students and parents may have very distinct needs in our schools as they are a growing population of students. This commentary discusses important considerations for teachers and administrators…

Perpetuating Mother-Blaming Rhetoric: A Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koverola, Catherine

2007-01-01

The author was invited to prepare a commentary in response to the Lev-Wiesel manuscript titled "Intergenerational Transmission of Sexual Abuse? Motherhood in the Shadow of Incest." Lev-Wiesel's stated intent in the study was to understand an important issue, namely how is intra-familial sexual abuse perpetuated across successive generations. This…

Commentary--Enlarging Concepts, Refining Methods, Improving Interventions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palacios, Jesús

2015-01-01

As illustrated by the articles in this special issue, the research into ethnic identity in adoption is making significant progress. At the same time, it faces new challenges in the definition of concepts, the use of appropriate methods of study, and the consideration of implications for professional interventions. This commentary offers additional…

Commentary--Attachment in Middle Childhood: Looking Back, Forward, and Within

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steele, Howard

2015-01-01

This commentary discusses the articles that comprise this special issue on attachment in middle childhood. Central to this discussion is the distinction between verbal, strategic, and conscious responses to questionnaires as compared to verbal and nonverbal, automatic and largely unconscious responses to interviews. Both methods have been…

An Ecological Perspective on Learning Progressions as Road Maps for Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engelhard, George, Jr.; Sullivan, Rubye K.

2011-01-01

The Black, Wilson, and Yao (this issue) provide a wide-ranging commentary and vision of the interrelationships among curriculum, pedagogy, and assessment. Specifically, they describe how the Berkeley Evaluation & Assessment Research (BEAR) Center Assessment System can be used to integrate and systematize these areas. This commentary focuses on…

Praxial Music education: A Critical Analysis of Critical Commentaries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Silverman, Marissa; Davis, Susan A.; Elliott, David J.

2014-01-01

Since its publication in 1995, a significant literature has developed around David J. Elliott's praxial philosophy of music education, as explained in "Music Matters: A New Philosophy of Music Education." This literature includes a range of commentaries in journals, books, edited books, and dissertations. Although Elliott has…

What Does Research Tell Us about Educating Mainstream Teachers to Work with ELLs?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feiman-Nemser, Sharon

2018-01-01

This commentary highlights findings from two reviews of research on the preparation and continuing development of regular classroom teachers to teach English language learners. Since both reviews use my "central tasks of teacher learning" framework, the commentary also assesses the framework's usefulness in highlighting areas where…

Formative Measurement Models: A Response to Bainter & Bollen (2014) and Howell (2014)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guyon, Hervé; Tensaout, Mouloud

2015-01-01

This article is a commentary on the Focus Article, "Interpretational Confounding or Confounded Interpretations of Causal Indicators?" and a commentary that was published in issue 12(4) 2014 of "Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research & Perspectives". The authors challenge two claims: (a) Bainter and Bollen argue that the…

Commentary on "A Quality of Giftedness"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaughnessy, Michael F.; Valdez, Gilbert

2012-01-01

In this commentary on "A Quality of Giftedness," ("Gifted and Talented International," v27 n2 p13-71 2012), by Dr. Joan Freeman, Michael F. Shaughnessy and Gilbert Valdez recognize that those working with gifted populations have all encountered an intangible, ephemeral aspect that is often quite difficult to describe, harder…

Towards a Science of Motivated Learning in Technology-Supported Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mayer, Richard E.

2011-01-01

This commentary reviews seven papers that study motivation with new media, contained in this special issue of "Educational Technology Research & Development" edited by Ruth Small. For each paper, this commentary summarizes exemplary contributions, offers an assessment of what is exciting, and suggests directions for future research. Some exciting…

Developmental Dyslexia as Developmental and Linguistic Variation: Editor's Commentary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leong, Che Kan

2002-01-01

This commentary reviews forthcoming articles on the scientific study of dyslexia, genetic and neurophysiological aspects of dyslexia, cross-linguistic aspects of literacy development and dyslexia, and theory-based practice. It concludes that educators should continue to strive to promote theory-based research and evidence-based practice to achieve…

Student Learning in Higher Education: A Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richardson, John T. E.

2017-01-01

This commentary begins by summarizing the five contributions to this special issue and briefly recapping the background to the topic of student learning in higher education. Narrative and systematic reviews are compared, and the relative value of different bibliographic databases in the context of systematic reviews is assessed. The importance of…

Commentary: The American Tradition of Inequality: Neighborhoods and Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lareau, Annette; Jo, Hyejeong

2017-01-01

This article is a commentary on "Unwrapping the Suburban "Package Deal": Race, Class, and School Access," by Anna Rhodes and Siri Warkentien. Although guided by powerful ideals of equal opportunity, American schools are deeply unequal. As historians of education have taught, children of different racial, ethnic, and class…

Questioning Collectives and Agencies: A Commentary on Curricular Choices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arnold, Jenny

2015-01-01

This commentary explores theoretical alternatives for viewing the problem identified by Volny Fages and Virginie Albe in their article entitled Social issues in nanoscience and nanotechnology Master's degrees: The socio-political stakes of curricular choices. An approach to social research is suggested that would render visible the associations…

Commentary: Using Potential Outcomes to Understand Causal Mediation Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Imai, Kosuke; Jo, Booil; Stuart, Elizabeth A.

2011-01-01

In this commentary, we demonstrate how the potential outcomes framework can help understand the key identification assumptions underlying causal mediation analysis. We show that this framework can lead to the development of alternative research design and statistical analysis strategies applicable to the longitudinal data settings considered by…

Commentary: Latina Literacies in "Convivencia": Communal Spaces of Teaching and Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Villenas, Sofia A.

2005-01-01

Inspired by Delgado-Gaitan's work with Latina mothers' stories of transformation, this commentary engages scholarship on the communal "mujer-" or womanist-oriented spaces of teaching and learning. The author explores themes of "convivencia" (communalism) centered on faith, spirituality, and humor central to creating compassionate spaces of…

Commentary: Outreach, Engagement, and the Changing Culture of the University--1998

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Byrne, John V.

2016-01-01

In this commentary, author John Byrne reflects on his 1998 "Journal of Public Service & Outreach" article, "Outreach, Engagement, and the Changing Culture of the University" reprinted in this 20th anniversary issue of "Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement." Byrne's 1998 article was a call to modify…

Commentary: Bridging Student Engagement Research and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawson, Michael A.

2017-01-01

This commentary is derived from the five empirical articles that appeared in the April 2017 special issue on student engagement (Liem & Chong, 2017). Drawing on others' critiques of engagement theory and research, and with full appreciation for theoretical and disciplinary diversity, I provide a high altitude, inclusive perspective of each…

Commentary on Joan Freeman: A Quality of Giftedness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gallagher, James

2012-01-01

In this commentary, James Gallagher states that there is a point where Joan Freeman's discussion in "A Quality of Giftedness" departs from established knowledge regarding gifted students. She opposes acceleration of gifted students because of the social problems and the boys-among-men athletic activities that she notes. In those beliefs…

Supplementary and Enrichment Series: Mathematical Systems. Teachers' Commentary. SP-20.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Syer, Henry W., Ed.

This is one in a series of manuals for teachers using SMSG high school supplementary materials. The pamphlet includes commentaries on the sections of the student's booklet, answers to the exercises, and sample test questions. Topics covered include addition, multiplication, operations, closure, identity element, mathematical systems, mathematical…

Commentary: Differentiated Measures of Temperament and Multiple Pathways to Childhood Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rothbart, Mary K.

2004-01-01

Provided is a commentary on articles written for a special section on temperament and childhood disorders. Temperament's contributions to the development of childhood disorders are considered both generally and specifically. Questions are raised about the use of terminology in the field, particularly the term difficult. Differentiation of outcomes…

Black Americans and Public Policy: Perspectives of the National Urban League.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Urban League, Inc., New York, NY.

This collection of six commentaries represents the National Urban League's perspective on public policies needed to promote the interests of black Americans. Each commentary focuses on the present condition of blacks, details the impact of recent policy intiatives, and delineate's the League's proposals for improvement. "Black Americans and…

A Response to Jane Sahi's "Dialogue as Education: Martin Buber"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baniwal, Vikas

2014-01-01

This article is inspired by Jane Sahi's commentary, "Dialogue as Education: Martin Buber," published under the feature "Classics with Commentary" in the Monsoon 2005 issue of "Contemporary Education Dialogue." I seek to further the discussion of the contributions of Martin Buber to the discourse of education through…

Genetic Essentialism, Neuroessentialism, and Stigma: Commentary on Dar-Nimrod and Heine (2011)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haslam, Nick

2011-01-01

Dar-Nimrod and Heine (2011) presented a masterfully broad review of the implications of genetic essentialism for understandings of human diversity. This commentary clarifies the reasons that essentialist thinking has problematic social consequences and links genetic forms of essentialism to those invoking neural essences. The mounting evidence…

A Response to the Invited Commentaries on Wallace and Beange (2008)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wallace, Robyn A.; Beange, Helen

2008-01-01

This article presents the authors' response to the invited commentaries on their paper (Wallace and Beange, 2008). On the point of "specialism", the authors emphasise a fundamental premise of their argument: the proposed "specialist" hospital-based service is inherently enmeshed within generic services at the hospital level,…

Should psychology be 'positive'? Letting the philosophers speak: Commentary on... Hope, optimism and delusion.

PubMed

Oyebode, Femi

2014-04-01

This is a brief commentary on the value of optimism in therapy. It draws on the philosophical writings of Schopenhauer and Aristotle. It suggests that the modern preoccupation with optimism may be as extreme as the bleak pessimistic outlook favoured by Schopenhauer.

A Vygotskian Commentary on the Reggio Emilia Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stone, Jake E.

2012-01-01

This article provides a commentary on the Reggio Emilia approach from a Vygotskian perspective. In particular, the article considers how Vygotskian rationalism and Vygotsky's theory of concept development cohere with the Reggio Emilia approach. The article argues that these aspects of Vygotskian theory are applicable to, and can strengthen the…

Current perspectives in the use of molecular imaging to target surgical treatments for genitourinary cancers.

PubMed

Greco, Francesco; Cadeddu, Jeffrey A; Gill, Inderbir S; Kaouk, Jihad H; Remzi, Mesut; Thompson, R Houston; van Leeuwen, Fijs W B; van der Poel, Henk G; Fornara, Paolo; Rassweiler, Jens

2014-05-01

Molecular imaging (MI) entails the visualisation, characterisation, and measurement of biologic processes at the molecular and cellular levels in humans and other living systems. Translating this technology to interventions in real-time enables interventional MI/image-guided surgery, for example, by providing better detection of tumours and their dimensions. To summarise and critically analyse the available evidence on image-guided surgery for genitourinary (GU) oncologic diseases. A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed and the Thomson Reuters Web of Science. In the free-text protocol, the following terms were applied: molecular imaging, genitourinary oncologic surgery, surgical navigation, image-guided surgery, and augmented reality. Review articles, editorials, commentaries, and letters to the editor were included if deemed to contain relevant information. We selected 79 articles according to the search strategy based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis criteria and the IDEAL method. MI techniques included optical imaging and fluorescent techniques, the augmented reality (AR) navigation system, magnetic resonance imaging spectroscopy, positron emission tomography, and single-photon emission computed tomography. Experimental studies on the AR navigation system were restricted to the detection and therapy of adrenal and renal malignancies and in the relatively infrequent cases of prostate cancer, whereas fluorescence techniques and optical imaging presented a wide application of intraoperative GU oncologic surgery. In most cases, image-guided surgery was shown to improve the surgical resectability of tumours. Based on the evidence to date, image-guided surgery has promise in the near future for multiple GU malignancies. Further optimisation of targeted imaging agents, along with the integration of imaging modalities, is necessary to further enhance intraoperative GU oncologic surgery. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Inpatient imaging utilization: trends of the past decade.

PubMed

Shinagare, Atul B; Ip, Ivan K; Abbett, Sarah K; Hanson, Richard; Seltzer, Steven E; Khorasani, Ramin

2014-03-01

We have previously reported inpatient imaging utilization trends at our institution from fiscal year (FY) 1984 through FY 2002. In this study, we assessed the trends in imaging utilization for inpatients from FY 2003 through FY 2012. In this institutional review board-approved retrospective study performed at a 793-bed tertiary care academic institution, we reviewed imaging utilization in adult inpatients from October 1, 2002, through September 30, 2012 (FY 2003 through FY 2012), and recorded the gross number of imaging studies coded by modality (conventional [radiography and fluoroscopy], ultrasound, nuclear medicine, CT, and MRI) and associated relative value units (RVUs). We used linear regression to assess trends in number of imaging studies and RVUs per case-mix-adjusted admission (CMAA). The total number of imaging studies, as well as the number of CT, nuclear medicine, and conventional studies adjusted for case mix, decreased (p=0.02, p=0.0006, p=0.0008, and p=0.001, respectively); CT per CMAA increased until FY 2009 and then decreased through FY 2012. Utilization of ultrasound and MRI did not change significantly (p=0.15 and p=0.22, respectively). Unadjusted global RVUs increased until FY 2009 and then showed a slight decrease through FY 2012 (p=0.04), whereas RVUs per CMAA did not change significantly (p=0.18). After decades of continued rise, imaging utilization for inpatients significantly decreased by most measures between FY 2009 and FY 2012. Future studies to evaluate the contribution of various factors to this decline, including efforts to reduce inappropriate use of imaging and concerns about potential harms of radiation exposure, may be helpful in optimizing imaging utilization and resource planning.

Image Sharing Technologies and Reduction of Imaging Utilization: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

PubMed

Vest, Joshua R; Jung, Hye-Young; Ostrovsky, Aaron; Das, Lala Tanmoy; McGinty, Geraldine B

2015-12-01

Image sharing technologies may reduce unneeded imaging by improving provider access to imaging information. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to summarize the impact of image sharing technologies on patient imaging utilization. Quantitative evaluations of the effects of PACS, regional image exchange networks, interoperable electronic heath records, tools for importing physical media, and health information exchange systems on utilization were identified through a systematic review of the published and gray English-language literature (2004-2014). Outcomes, standard effect sizes (ESs), settings, technology, populations, and risk of bias were abstracted from each study. The impact of image sharing technologies was summarized with random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression models. A total of 17 articles were included in the review, with a total of 42 different studies. Image sharing technology was associated with a significant decrease in repeat imaging (pooled effect size [ES] = -0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [-0.25, -0.09]; P < .001). However, image sharing technology was associated with a significant increase in any imaging utilization (pooled ES = 0.20; 95% CI = [0.07, 0.32]; P = .002). For all outcomes combined, image sharing technology was not associated with utilization. Most studies were at risk for bias. Image sharing technology was associated with reductions in repeat and unnecessary imaging, in both the overall literature and the most-rigorous studies. Stronger evidence is needed to further explore the role of specific technologies and their potential impact on various modalities, patient populations, and settings. Copyright © 2015 American College of Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Image Sharing Technologies and Reduction of Imaging Utilization: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

PubMed Central

Vest, Joshua R.; Jung, Hye-Young; Ostrovsky, Aaron; Das, Lala Tanmoy; McGinty, Geraldine B.

2016-01-01

Introduction Image sharing technologies may reduce unneeded imaging by improving provider access to imaging information. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to summarize the impact of image sharing technologies on patient imaging utilization. Methods Quantitative evaluations of the effects of PACS, regional image exchange networks, interoperable electronic heath records, tools for importing physical media, and health information exchange systems on utilization were identified through a systematic review of the published and gray English-language literature (2004–2014). Outcomes, standard effect sizes (ESs), settings, technology, populations, and risk of bias were abstracted from each study. The impact of image sharing technologies was summarized with random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression models. Results A total of 17 articles were included in the review, with a total of 42 different studies. Image sharing technology was associated with a significant decrease in repeat imaging (pooled effect size [ES] = −0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−0.25, −0.09]; P < .001). However, image sharing technology was associated with a significant increase in any imaging utilization (pooled ES = 0.20; 95% CI = [0.07, 0.32]; P = .002). For all outcomes combined, image sharing technology was not associated with utilization. Most studies were at risk for bias. Conclusions Image sharing technology was associated with reductions in repeat and unnecessary imaging, in both the overall literature and the most-rigorous studies. Stronger evidence is needed to further explore the role of specific technologies and their potential impact on various modalities, patient populations, and settings. PMID:26614882

A harmonized segmentation protocol for hippocampal and parahippocampal subregions: Why do we need one and what are the key goals?

PubMed

Wisse, Laura E M; Daugherty, Ana M; Olsen, Rosanna K; Berron, David; Carr, Valerie A; Stark, Craig E L; Amaral, Robert S C; Amunts, Katrin; Augustinack, Jean C; Bender, Andrew R; Bernstein, Jeffrey D; Boccardi, Marina; Bocchetta, Martina; Burggren, Alison; Chakravarty, M Mallar; Chupin, Marie; Ekstrom, Arne; de Flores, Robin; Insausti, Ricardo; Kanel, Prabesh; Kedo, Olga; Kennedy, Kristen M; Kerchner, Geoffrey A; LaRocque, Karen F; Liu, Xiuwen; Maass, Anne; Malykhin, Nicolai; Mueller, Susanne G; Ofen, Noa; Palombo, Daniela J; Parekh, Mansi B; Pluta, John B; Pruessner, Jens C; Raz, Naftali; Rodrigue, Karen M; Schoemaker, Dorothee; Shafer, Andrea T; Steve, Trevor A; Suthana, Nanthia; Wang, Lei; Winterburn, Julie L; Yassa, Michael A; Yushkevich, Paul A; la Joie, Renaud

2017-01-01

The advent of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has enabled in vivo research in a variety of populations and diseases on the structure and function of hippocampal subfields and subdivisions of the parahippocampal gyrus. Because of the many extant and highly discrepant segmentation protocols, comparing results across studies is difficult. To overcome this barrier, the Hippocampal Subfields Group was formed as an international collaboration with the aim of developing a harmonized protocol for manual segmentation of hippocampal and parahippocampal subregions on high-resolution MRI. In this commentary we discuss the goals for this protocol and the associated key challenges involved in its development. These include differences among existing anatomical reference materials, striking the right balance between reliability of measurements and anatomical validity, and the development of a versatile protocol that can be adopted for the study of populations varying in age and health. The commentary outlines these key challenges, as well as the proposed solution of each, with concrete examples from our working plan. Finally, with two examples, we illustrate how the harmonized protocol, once completed, is expected to impact the field by producing measurements that are quantitatively comparable across labs and by facilitating the synthesis of findings across different studies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The 'F.E.E.L.' good factors in nursing leadership at board level through work-based learning.

PubMed

Jumaa, Mansour Olawale

2008-11-01

The aim of this commentary is to raise awareness about the apparent lack of formal activities and the paucity of published papers in nursing leadership development at the board level in the United Kingdom (UK). The paper suggests a way forward. The author has been serving at a board level, within and outside of nursing, locally, nationally and internationally since 1988. His current experience as an active board member and honorary treasurer of a leading charity organization in the Southeast of England and participation on a Board Leadership Development programme in the United States of America (USA) led to the need to write this commentary. Leadership at the board level is different because the board is the governing body of an organization. The board has overall responsibility for running the organization. The overall duty is to manage less and LEAD more. The need for this type of leadership is on the increase because these are turbulent days in the healthcare industry. This growing trend witnesses increasing and greater demand from key stakeholders for nursing and healthcare services: rising exposure to liability and litigation; a demand for stronger accountability and questioning of the nature and delivery of nursing and healthcare services. Effective and successful leadership judgment is made based on both numbers [efficient resources utilization (RU)] and stories [effective client/patient satisfaction (CS)]. Nurses and others in the healthcare industry need to guide against the leadership myths that: 'everyone can be a leader'; 'leaders deliver business (service) results'; 'people who get to the top are leaders'; and 'that leaders are great coaches'. This commentary demonstrates these myths could be converted to become realities through developing and possessing most if not all the knowledge, skills and attitudes implicated in the Effective Board Leadership Capabilities Development Profile presented in this paper. Possessing board level leadership capabilities is significant to nursing management and leadership from three key perspectives: the need for nurses to become 'recognized' leaders of the healthcare industry; possessing the knowledge, skills and attitudes relevant for effective board leadership; and the need to use the technology of the 21st century to aspire to an essentially intentionally global nursing community.

Top 10 Responses to the Commentaries on Dixon, Reed, Smith et al. (2015).

PubMed

Dixon, Mark R; Reed, Derek D; Smith, Tristram; Belisle, Jordan; Jackson, Rachel E

2015-10-01

In a previous article (Dixon et al. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 8 (1), 7-15, 2015), we put forward data suggesting that most behavior analytic faculty do not publish in major behavior analytic journals, and in only about 50 % of behavior analysis programs have faculty combined to produce ten or more empirical articles. Several commentaries followed the release of our article, with content that ranged from supporting our endeavors and confirming the dangerous position our field may be in to highlighting the need for further refinement in procedures used to rank the quality of behavior analysis graduate training programs. Presented in the present article are our "top 10" responses to these commentaries.

CASE NOTES AND CLINICIANS: GALENS COMMENTARY ON THE HIPPOCRATIC EPIDEMICS IN THE ARABIC TRADITION

PubMed Central

Pormann, PE

2010-01-01

Galens Commentaries on the Hippocratic Epidemics constitute one of the most detailed studies of Hippocratic medicine from Antiquity. The Arabic translation of the Commentaries by Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq (d. c. 873) is of crucial importance because it preserves large sections now lost in Greek, and because it helped to establish an Arabic clinical literature. The present contribution investigate the translation of this seminal work into Syriac and Arabic. It provides a first survey of the manuscript tradition, and explores how physicians in the medieval Muslim world drew on it both to teach medicine to students, and to develop a framework for their own clinical research. PMID:20852724

Commentary: Pursuing justice in death penalty trials.

PubMed

Watson, Clarence; Eth, Spencer; Leong, Gregory B

2012-01-01

The capital trial, by its nature, is fraught with emotionally disturbing elements that jurors must face when deciding the ultimate fate of a guilty defendant. A confluence of mitigating and aggravating factors influences a capital jury's decision to impose a sentence of death. The presence or absence of defendant remorse in these cases may make all the difference in whether a capital defendant's life is spared. This commentary examines the onerous emotional toll encountered by capital jurors in light of the findings of Corwin and colleagues regarding defendant remorse and juror's need for affect. The commentary also presents practical and ethics-related considerations that should be kept in mind when reflecting on their study.

Basal ganglia dysfunction in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder parallels that in early Parkinson's disease.

PubMed

Rolinski, Michal; Griffanti, Ludovica; Piccini, Paola; Roussakis, Andreas A; Szewczyk-Krolikowski, Konrad; Menke, Ricarda A; Quinnell, Timothy; Zaiwalla, Zenobia; Klein, Johannes C; Mackay, Clare E; Hu, Michele T M

2016-08-01

SEE POSTUMA DOI101093/AWW131 FOR A SCIENTIFIC COMMENTARY ON THIS ARTICLE: Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging dysfunction within the basal ganglia network is a feature of early Parkinson's disease and may be a diagnostic biomarker of basal ganglia dysfunction. Currently, it is unclear whether these changes are present in so-called idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, a condition associated with a high rate of future conversion to Parkinson's disease. In this study, we explore the utility of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to detect basal ganglia network dysfunction in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. We compare these data to a set of healthy control subjects, and to a set of patients with established early Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging basal ganglia network dysfunction and loss of dopaminergic neurons assessed with dopamine transporter single photon emission computerized tomography, and perform morphometric analyses to assess grey matter loss. Twenty-six patients with polysomnographically-established rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 48 patients with Parkinson's disease and 23 healthy control subjects were included in this study. Resting state networks were isolated from task-free functional magnetic resonance imaging data using dual regression with a template derived from a separate cohort of 80 elderly healthy control participants. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging parameter estimates were extracted from the study subjects in the basal ganglia network. In addition, eight patients with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 10 with Parkinson's disease and 10 control subjects received (123)I-ioflupane single photon emission computerized tomography. We tested for reduction of basal ganglia network connectivity, and for loss of tracer uptake in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and Parkinson's disease relative to each other and to controls. Connectivity measures of basal ganglia network dysfunction differentiated both rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and Parkinson's disease from controls with high sensitivity (96%) and specificity (74% for rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 78% for Parkinson's disease), indicating its potential as an indicator of early basal ganglia dysfunction. Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder was indistinguishable from Parkinson's disease on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging despite obvious differences on dopamine transported single photon emission computerized tomography. Basal ganglia connectivity is a promising biomarker for the detection of early basal ganglia network dysfunction, and may help to identify patients at risk of developing Parkinson's disease in the future. Future risk stratification using a polymodal approach could combine basal ganglia network connectivity with clinical and other imaging measures, with important implications for future neuroprotective trials in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.

Basal ganglia dysfunction in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder parallels that in early Parkinson’s disease

PubMed Central

Rolinski, Michal; Griffanti, Ludovica; Piccini, Paola; Roussakis, Andreas A.; Szewczyk-Krolikowski, Konrad; Menke, Ricarda A.; Quinnell, Timothy; Zaiwalla, Zenobia; Klein, Johannes C.; Mackay, Clare E.

2016-01-01

Abstract See Postuma (doi:10.1093/aww131) for a scientific commentary on this article. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging dysfunction within the basal ganglia network is a feature of early Parkinson’s disease and may be a diagnostic biomarker of basal ganglia dysfunction. Currently, it is unclear whether these changes are present in so-called idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, a condition associated with a high rate of future conversion to Parkinson’s disease. In this study, we explore the utility of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to detect basal ganglia network dysfunction in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. We compare these data to a set of healthy control subjects, and to a set of patients with established early Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging basal ganglia network dysfunction and loss of dopaminergic neurons assessed with dopamine transporter single photon emission computerized tomography, and perform morphometric analyses to assess grey matter loss. Twenty-six patients with polysomnographically-established rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 48 patients with Parkinson’s disease and 23 healthy control subjects were included in this study. Resting state networks were isolated from task-free functional magnetic resonance imaging data using dual regression with a template derived from a separate cohort of 80 elderly healthy control participants. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging parameter estimates were extracted from the study subjects in the basal ganglia network. In addition, eight patients with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 10 with Parkinson’s disease and 10 control subjects received 123I-ioflupane single photon emission computerized tomography. We tested for reduction of basal ganglia network connectivity, and for loss of tracer uptake in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and Parkinson’s disease relative to each other and to controls. Connectivity measures of basal ganglia network dysfunction differentiated both rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and Parkinson’s disease from controls with high sensitivity (96%) and specificity (74% for rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, 78% for Parkinson’s disease), indicating its potential as an indicator of early basal ganglia dysfunction. Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder was indistinguishable from Parkinson’s disease on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging despite obvious differences on dopamine transported single photon emission computerized tomography. Basal ganglia connectivity is a promising biomarker for the detection of early basal ganglia network dysfunction, and may help to identify patients at risk of developing Parkinson’s disease in the future. Future risk stratification using a polymodal approach could combine basal ganglia network connectivity with clinical and other imaging measures, with important implications for future neuroprotective trials in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. PMID:27297241

More Issues in Observed-Score Equating

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van der Linden, Wim J.

2013-01-01

This article is a response to the commentaries on the position paper on observed-score equating by van der Linden (this issue). The response focuses on the more general issues in these commentaries, such as the nature of the observed scores that are equated, the importance of test-theory assumptions in equating, the necessity to use multiple…

Film-Recital and French Poems; Cultural Commentary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nostrand, Howard L.; And Others

Twenty chapters of commentary on the filmed poetry recitation of Pierre Viala concentrate on developing insight into the cultural and social background of French language and literature. Suggestions for teaching the poems are followed by discussion of possible elements of a plan for teaching a poem and remarks about a "backward build-up" technique…

21 CFR 357.152 - Package inserts for anthelmintic drug products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... discussion of the symptoms suggestive of pinworm infestation, including a statement that pinworms must be... the pinworm. (c) A commentary on the life cycle of the pinworm. (d) A commentary on the ways in which pinworms may be spread from person to person and hygienic procedures to follow to avoid such spreading. (e...

21 CFR 357.152 - Package inserts for anthelmintic drug products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... discussion of the symptoms suggestive of pinworm infestation, including a statement that pinworms must be... the pinworm. (c) A commentary on the life cycle of the pinworm. (d) A commentary on the ways in which pinworms may be spread from person to person and hygienic procedures to follow to avoid such spreading. (e...

21 CFR 357.152 - Package inserts for anthelmintic drug products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... discussion of the symptoms suggestive of pinworm infestation, including a statement that pinworms must be... the pinworm. (c) A commentary on the life cycle of the pinworm. (d) A commentary on the ways in which pinworms may be spread from person to person and hygienic procedures to follow to avoid such spreading. (e...

21 CFR 357.152 - Package inserts for anthelmintic drug products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... discussion of the symptoms suggestive of pinworm infestation, including a statement that pinworms must be... the pinworm. (c) A commentary on the life cycle of the pinworm. (d) A commentary on the ways in which pinworms may be spread from person to person and hygienic procedures to follow to avoid such spreading. (e...

21 CFR 357.152 - Package inserts for anthelmintic drug products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... discussion of the symptoms suggestive of pinworm infestation, including a statement that pinworms must be... the pinworm. (c) A commentary on the life cycle of the pinworm. (d) A commentary on the ways in which pinworms may be spread from person to person and hygienic procedures to follow to avoid such spreading. (e...

An Indigenous Knowledges Perspective on Valid Meaning Making: A Commentary on Research with the EDI and Aboriginal Communities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sam, Michele A.

2011-01-01

Offering an Indigenous perspective, this commentary discusses collaborative research, shared meaning making, and knowledge building specific to child development, and reflects on social, cultural, and historical aspects that influence these processes. Drawing upon experiences of developing a collaborative research approach with which to engage…

Metaphors and the Market: Consequences and Preconditions of Agent and Object Metaphors in Stock Market Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morris, Michael W.; Sheldon, Oliver J.; Ames, Daniel R.; Young, Maia J.

2007-01-01

We investigated two types of metaphors in stock market commentary. "Agent" metaphors describe price trajectories as volitional actions, whereas "object" metaphors describe them as movements of inanimate objects. Study 1 examined the consequences of commentators' metaphors for their investor audience. Agent metaphors, compared with object metaphors…

The Inaugural National Leadership Education Research Agenda: A New Direction for the Field

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andenoro, Anthony C.

2013-01-01

This commentary details the process aimed at developing the Inaugural National Leadership Education Research Agenda. The goal of the project is to create a guiding document to assist in further defining Leadership Education as a discipline and provide directional research priorities for that discipline. The commentary provides a foundational…

Commentary--Culture and Attachment during Middle Childhood

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Bin-Bin

2015-01-01

Culture has an important impact on attachment. This commentary highlights three aspects about culture and attachment in middle childhood: (1) the need to have a more sophisticated consideration of the implication of cultural values, (2) the need to incorporate the role of societal or political ecological contexts, and (3) the need to solve the…

Commentary on "Management Education and the Base of the Pyramid"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosile, Grace Ann

2008-01-01

This commentary asks some critical questions concerning the article "Management Education and the Base of the Pyramid" included in this special issue. Are "bottom of the pyramid" (BOP) multidisciplinary action project (MAP) students prepared to critically assess the impact of their interventions beyond a narrow definition of profit in complex and…

Diversity in the Middle: Broadening Perspectives on Intermediary Levels of School System Improvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Stephen E.

2013-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present the author's commentary on the special issue of "Journal of Educational Administration" entitled "Systemwide Reform: Examining Districts under Pressure". Design/methodology/approach: The major thesis of this commentary and reflection on the preceding papers is that there is…

Looking within and beyond the Geometry Curriculum: Connecting Spatial Reasoning to Mathematics Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mulligan, Joanne

2015-01-01

This commentary adopts a broad perspective in considering the contributions of papers from cross- and interdisciplinary fields of mathematics education, psychology, child development and neuroscience. The discussion aims to complement the commentary by Dindyal, focused on background research on geometry and implications for pedagogy and curricula.…

A Commentary on "Integrated Reporting: A Review of Developments and Their Implications for the Accounting Curriculum"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kamp-Roelands, Nancy

2013-01-01

In this commentary, Kamp-Roelands states that it was very encouraging to observe that the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) recognises that responding to "Integrated Reporting" initiatives requires an "integrated approach" to accounting education. That change in financial reporting standards put pressure on…

Commentary: How Readily Can Findings from Basic Cognitive Psychology Research Be Applied in the Classroom?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Efklides, Anastasia

2012-01-01

The commentary discusses phenomena highlighted in the studies of the special issue such as the hypercorrection effect, overconfidence, and the efficiency of interventions designed to increase monitoring accuracy. The discussion is based on a broader theoretical framework of self-regulation of learning that stresses the inferential character of…

Commentary: School Psychologists as Advocates for Racial Justice and Social Justice: Some Proposed Steps

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shriberg, David

2016-01-01

In this commentary, Shriberg acknowledges that social justice and racial justice are critical frameworks from which to view school psychology. Individually and collectively, the works in this special issue of "School Psychology Forum" have added a tremendous service to the field. In addition to advancing research, the articles challenge…

Rhetoric and Gender in Jane Austen's "Persuasion."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walzer, Arthur E.

1995-01-01

Argues for a reading of Jane Austen's "Persuasion" that undermines Joseph Duffy's reading of the novel as a commentary on shifting social class structures, and which bolsters Nancy Armstrong's reading as a commentary on female voice and the values of the domestic household. Interprets the novel in the light of 18th-century rhetorical…

Commentary: Is Teaching Privately Academic Freedom?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Harold B.

2009-01-01

In this commentary, the author contends that, if teaching became less private and faculty interacted with each other about teaching more in the way they discuss research, the quality of education would improve. He discusses some ways to facilitate that interaction. In the author's own experience, actually sitting in on a course taught by a…

When Social Identities Collide: Commentary on "Gender in the Management Education Classroom"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patton, Eric

2010-01-01

This commentary to "Gender in the Management Education Classroom" (Bilimoria, O'Neil, Hopkins, & Murphy, 2010) employs social identity and self-categorization theory to analyze the incident described in the article. In any MBA classroom, students are dealing with multiple group memberships. Similar to workplace settings, when the focus is on…

A Commentary on "Piercing the Bubble": Should Management Education "Confront" Poverty?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dart, Raymond

2008-01-01

This commentary contrasts "Piercing the Bubble" by proposing "pull" (rather than "push") strategies as a way for business schools to more meaningfully engage poverty and social exclusion. By reframing poverty issues in such a manner that they connect with core business student interests of career opportunities, current management practices, and…

Error Analysis: Past, Present, and Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCloskey, George

2017-01-01

This commentary will take an historical perspective on the Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement (KTEA) error analysis, discussing where it started, where it is today, and where it may be headed in the future. In addition, the commentary will compare and contrast the KTEA error analysis procedures that are rooted in psychometric methodology and…

A Commentary on "Integrated Reporting: A Review of Developments and Their Implications for the Accounting Curriculum"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Correa Ruiz, Carmen

2013-01-01

In this commentary, Correa Ruiz notes that from his analysis, Owen (2013) identified the essential elements to be included in a modern professional accounting curriculum, described how Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) has embedded "Integrated Reporting" in its curriculum, and discussed future curriculum development,…

"The Role of the Unit in Physics and Psychometrics": Rejoinder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Humphry, Stephen M.

2011-01-01

This article presents Stephen Humphry's response to the commentaries for his article "The Role of the Unit in Physics and Psychometrics." The commentaries covered a range of important considerations and implications. Given that the author fully agrees with the majority of the content, attention will be confined mainly to points that call…

Recognizing the Centrality of Emotion in Diversity Courses: Commentary on "Gender in the Management Education Classroom"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spelman, Duncan

2010-01-01

This commentary adds to the analysis and recommendations presented in "Gender in the Management Education Classroom" concerning a very challenging incident focused on powerful gender/diversity dynamics. It discusses the centrality of emotion in students' experiences of diversity discussions and calls for teachers to explicitly help students…

Research in the Hard Sciences, and in Very Hard "Softer" Domains

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Phillips, D. C.

2014-01-01

The author of this commentary argues that physical scientists are attempting to advance knowledge in the so-called hard sciences, whereas education researchers are laboring to increase knowledge and understanding in an "extremely hard" but softer domain. Drawing on the work of Popper and Dewey, this commentary highlights the relative…

Commentary: Moving from Practice to Research, and Back

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yohalem, Nicole; Tseng, Vivian

2015-01-01

It is a widely accepted idea that knowledge from research needs to be better integrated into practice. Considerable energy is dedicated to strengthening the flow of research to practice. Less attention, however, has been paid to strengthening the ways researchers can learn from practice to improve their work. In this commentary, we draw on our…

Excuse Me, Is This Thing On? Audiotape Commentary in Dialogic Classrooms.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vandenberg, Peter

1992-01-01

Asserts that audiotape commentary on student papers should not be considered a panacea for composition teachers. Argues that, although its effectiveness always depends on a greater dialogic context, it can be a collaborative, enabling method for reader and writer to exchange information about intention and effect that exceeds the limitations of…

An Exchange between Laurie Grobman and Richard C. Raymond

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Teaching English in the Two-Year College, 2010

2010-01-01

This article presents a commentary exchange between authors Laurie Grobman and Richard C. Raymond regarding Raymond's article "Re-placing Lit in Comp II: Pragmatic/Humanistic Benefits." Grobman said that in her brief commentary on Raymond's article, she chooses not to explicitly address his thesis that literature belongs in a research-based…

Common Sense Is Alive and Well: Comments on Erb (1995).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

West, Michael D.

1995-01-01

This commentary on Erb's (1995) article on institutionalization argues that living in one's home community is better than being forced to leave it to obtain needed services. The commentary also criticizes the assertion that supported living programs funded through Medicaid waiver are not cost-effective compared to traditional institutional or…

"Cognitive Diagnosis and Q-Matrices in Language Assessment": A Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alderson, J. Charles

2010-01-01

This commentary appraises the 2009 special issue of "Language Assessment Quarterly" on "Cognitive Diagnosis and Q-matrices in Language Assessment." Despite a number of weaknesses, specifically in attempting inappropriately to retrofit a suite of proficiency tests to diagnostic purposes, the special issue is seen as a landmark in the development of…

Balancing Certainty and Uncertainty in Clinical Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kamhi, Alan G.

2011-01-01

Purpose: In this epilogue, I respond to each of the five commentaries, discussing in some depth a central issue raised in each commentary. In the final section, I discuss how my thinking about certainty and uncertainty in clinical practice has evolved since I wrote the initial article. Method: Topics addressed include the similarities/differences…

Teachers and Proletarianisation: A Reply to Lauder and Yee.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Kevin

1990-01-01

A commentary that refutes teachers' loss of control, autonomy, and professionalism in New Zealand is criticized, using evidence of rapid redefinition of the teaching profession in both New Zealand and Australia. In addition, the commentary is seen as dangerous if accepted by teachers, offering false hope and suppressing important issues.…

A Commentary on Literacy Narratives as Sponsors of Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandt, Deborah

2015-01-01

This brief commentary first clarifies Brandt's concept of sponsors of literacy in light of the way the concept has been taken up in writing studies. Then it treats Brandt's methods for handling accounts of literacy learning in comparison with other ways of analyzing biographical material. Finally it takes up Lawrence's argument about literacy…

Peer Commentaries on Roeper's "Universal Bilingualism."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ayoun, Dalila; Haider, Hubert; Hawkins, Roger; Hulk, Aafke; Meechan, Marjory; O'Neil, Wayne; Yang, Charles D.

1999-01-01

Seven peer commentaries are included in response to an article on the notion that a narrow kind of bilingualism exists within every language and is present whenever two properties exist in a language that are not statable within a single grammar. This theoretical bilingualism is defined in terms of the minimalist theory of syntax presented by…

Commentary: Challenging Views and Creative Insights from a Social Cultural Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hui, Anna N. N.

2015-01-01

This commentary focuses on the challenging views and creative insights inspired by the four articles in this special issue of the journal. The studies have integrated creativity research with social psychological and cultural perspectives. I have highlighted the unique contribution of how Karwowski, Tanggaard, Glaveanu, and Hennessey have each…

Coral reefs and carbon dioxide

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Buddemeier, R.W.

1996-03-01

This commentary argues the conclusion from a previous article, which investigates diurnal changes in carbon dioxide partial pressure and community metabolism on coral reefs, that coral `reefs might serve as a sink, not a source, for atmospheric carbon dioxide.` Commentaries from two groups are given along with the response by the original authors, Kayanne et al. 27 refs.

Fulfilling Our Educative Mission: A Response to edTPA Critique

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whittaker, Andrea; Pecheone, Raymond; Stansbury, Kendyll

2018-01-01

Stanford Center for Assessment, Learning, and Equity (SCALE) provides a commentary on the manuscripts in this special issue, responding to criticisms of edTPA as an assessment that narrows the curriculum, heavily relies on students' academic writing skills, and creates additional burdens for teacher candidates. The commentary highlights how edTPA…

Quality Physical Education: A Commentary on Effective Physical Education Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dyson, Ben

2014-01-01

In my commentary in response to the 3 articles (McKenzie & Lounsbery, 2013; Rink, 2013; Ward, 2013), I focus on 3 areas: (a) content knowledge, (b) a holistic approach to physical education, and (c) policy impact. I use the term "quality teaching" rather than "teacher effectiveness." Quality teaching is a term with the…

Using Bible Commentaries in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Phillips, Gary; Patte, Daniel; Kittredge, Cynthia; Yang, Seung Ai; Ngwa, Kenneth

2013-01-01

This discussion of the goals and methods of teaching biblical literature is an edited transcription of a panel recorded at the 2010 Society for Biblical Literature conference. The panelists were asked to reflect on William Placher's recently published theological commentary on Mark as an example or test case of how one might use a biblical…

Commentary on Special Section: Deficit or Difference? Interpreting Diverse Developmental Paths

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Callanan, Maureen; Waxman, Sandra

2013-01-01

In this special section, 6 articles address the provocative question of how to determine the boundary between difference and deficiency, for children who differ from the mainstream in some way--language, hearing, cultural background, socioeconomic status, or social understanding. Our commentary considers these articles in light of current models…

Commentary: Definitely More than Measurement Error--But How Should We Understand and Deal with Informant Discrepancies?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Achenbach, Thomas M.

2011-01-01

The special section articles demonstrate the importance of informant discrepancies. They also illustrate challenges posed by discrepancies, plus opportunities for advancing research and practice. This commentary addresses these cross-cutting issues: (a) Discrepancies affect many kinds of assessment besides ratings of children's problems. (b)…

"Response to Comments": Straw Makeovers, Dogmatic Holism, and Interesting Conversation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howe, Kenneth R.

2009-01-01

This paper presents the author's response to commentaries by Eric Bredo, R. Burke Johnson, and Linda Tillman on his article "Positivist Dogmas, Rhetoric, and the Education Science Question." Each of the commentaries goes beyond merely characterizing and assessing the author's analysis to also suggest an alternative emphasis, if not an alternative…

Complimentary Weightism: The Potential Costs of Appearance-Related Commentary for Women's Self-Objectification

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calogero, Rachel M.; Herbozo, Sylvia; Thompson, J. Kevin

2009-01-01

Little is known about the effects of receiving compliments about appearance. An ethnically diverse sample of 220 college women completed self-report measures of appearance commentary, trait self-objectification, body surveillance, and body dissatisfaction. Results indicated that the impact of appearance criticisms and compliments, but not their…

Commentary on A General Curriculum in Mathematics for Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Committee on the Undergraduate Program in Mathematics, Berkeley, CA.

This document constitutes a complete revision of the report of the same name first published in 1965. A new list of basic courses is described, consisting of Calculus I, Calculus II, Elementary Linear Algebra, Multivariable Calculus I, Linear Algebra, and Introductory Modern Algebra. Commentaries outline the content and spirit of these courses in…

In the Smelter: Leading Special Education in an Era of Systems Redesign--A Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harper, John

2012-01-01

This article provides background and commentary on the articles in this issue of "Journal of Special Education Leadership." Each of the articles describes the agonizing choices and constant struggles in the evolving educational landscape. Two themes emerged: (1) the conflicting intersection of the Individuals with Disabilities…

The States and Higher Education: A Proud Past and a Vital Future.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, New York, NY.

Interrelations between the states and higher education are examined, and a generally optimistic outlook is presented. Two major sections are given, one commentary, the other descriptive. The commentary has these major themes: (1) American higher education, with federal, state, and private funding, has been comparatively effective; (2) some surplus…

77 FR 71170 - Notice of Public Roundtable on Genetic Diagnostic Testing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-29

... so in writing no later than December 20, 2012. The request must include the following: (1) The name... email address); (3) the organization(s) the person represents, if any; and (4) an indication of the amount of time requested for the commentary. Requests to share commentary must be submitted by email to...

Commentary: Considerations on the Pharmacological Treatment of Compulsions and Stereotypies with Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Pervasive Developmental Disorders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gordon, C. T.

2000-01-01

This commentary discusses study results that indicate the nonselective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) clomipramine is more efficacious than the relatively selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor desipramine and placebo in treating repetitive or ritualized behaviors in children with autism. The need for concurrent genetic and biochemical…

Counterpoint: Practice versus Process--Rigidity of Reinforcement Requirements Results in Regressive Research: A Reply to Ward.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biederman, Gerald B.; Davey, Valerie A.

1995-01-01

This counterpoint responds to Phillip Ward's commentary on a study by Gerald Biederman and others which concluded that verbal reinforcement in combination with interactive modeling strategies may produce confusion in children with language/learning difficulties. The counterpoint argues that the commentary indicates problems with semantics and with…

Behavioral Theory and Culture Special Issue: Authors' Response to Commentaries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pasick, Rena J.; Burke, Nancy J.; Joseph, Galen

2009-01-01

This article presents the authors' response to commentaries that focus on the "Behavioral Constructs and Culture in Cancer Screening" (3Cs) study. The 3Cs study had an unremarkable beginning, with two colleagues discussing their frustration over the narrow range of behavioral theories and the limited guidance the theories offered for a study…

Study of the urban evolution of Brasilia with the use of LANDSAT data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Deoliveira, M. D. N. (Principal Investigator); Foresti, C.; Niero, M.; Parreiras, E. M. D. F.

1984-01-01

The urban growth of Brasilia within the last ten years is analyzed with special emphasis on the utilization of remote sensing orbital data and automatic image processing. The urban spatial structure and the monitoring of its temporal changes were focused in a whole and dynamic way by the utilization of MSS-LANDSAT images for June 1973, 1978 and 1983. In order to aid data interpretation, a registration algorithm implemented at the Interactive Multispectral Image Analysis System (IMAGE-100) was utilized aiming at the overlap of multitemporal images. The utilization of suitable digital filters, combined with the images overlap, allowed a rapid identification of areas of possible urban growth and oriented the field work. The results obtained permitted an evaluation of the urban growth of Brasilia, taking as reference the proposed stated for the construction of the city.

Imagine: towards an integrated and applied social psychology.

PubMed

Abell, Jackie; Walton, Chris

2010-12-01

This commentary does not aim to engage with the epistemological and ontological technicalities of the discursive psychology maintained by epistemological constructionism and discursive psychology reliant on ontological constructionism approaches that form the basis of the two papers under discussion; other commentators, both in this issue and in the future, are likely to do that. Instead, this commentary aims to situate both papers within a broader frame of contemporary, primarily British social psychology, to ponder the circumstances that gave rise to them and their implications for social psychologists, discursive and non-discursive, alike. We have organized this commentary into two parts. The first part considers two simple questions. First, why does Corcoran critique DPEC for failing to do things that other discursive approaches provide for? And, second, why does Corcoran take DPEC research to task for having too little potential for or made too little contribution to improving the lives and subjectivities of people in general? These two questions are not unrelated, but for clarity's sake we will try to answer them separately. The second part of this commentary will consider the influence of discursive psychology on social psychology more generally.

Personalisation - An Emergent Institutional Logic in Healthcare? Comment on "(Re) Making the Procrustean Bed? Standardization and Customization as Competing Logics in Healthcare".

PubMed

Ferlie, Ewan

2017-06-20

This commentary on the recent think piece by Mannion and Exworthy reviews their core arguments, highlighting their suggestion that recent forces for personalization have emerged which may counterbalance the strong standardization wave which has been evident in many healthcare settings and systems over the last two decades. These forces for personalization can take very different forms. The commentary explores the authors' suggestion that these themes can be fruitfully examined theoretically through an institutional logics (ILs) literature, which has recently been applied by some scholars to healthcare settings. This commentary outlines key premises of that theoretical tradition. Finally, the commentary makes suggestions for taking this IL influenced research agenda further, along with some issues to be addressed. © 2018 The Author(s); Published by Kerman University of Medical Sciences. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

From Toques to Tokes: Two challenges facing nationwide legalization of cannabis in Canada.

PubMed

Bear, Daniel

2017-04-01

In 2015, a new Liberal Government came to power in Canada, elected on a platform that included legalization and regulation of cannabis for recreational purposes. Their legislation, based on recommendations from a Federal Task Force on Marijuana Legalization and Regulation, is due in early April 2017. This commentary utilizes Canadian Federal policy papers, previous literature, and internal and international agreements to examine two key areas critical to the development of a nationwide regulated market for cannabis in Canada; the need to overcome restrictions to legalizing cannabis in United Nations' drug control treaties, and the unique challenges that non-medical cannabis creates for navigating interprovincial trade policies in Canada. Irrespective of UN conventions that appear to prohibit legalization of cannabis the Government is preparing to bring forward legislation as this article goes to print. At the same time significant squabbles impede the selling of even beer and wine inter-provincially in Canada. This paper identifies the challenges facing Canadian legalization efforts, but also shows how the legalization legislation may provide opportunities to engender significant change beyond the simple legalization of a specific drug. This commentary does not argue for any specific course of action for Canada, but rather explores the nuance of legalization absent from the declaration in the Liberal party platform. The paper argues that Canada's efforts may hasten the dismantling of the UN drug control structure, and provide renewed opportunities for intern-provincial trade in Canada. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A weak scientific basis for gaming disorder: Let us err on the side of caution.

PubMed

van Rooij, Antonius J; Ferguson, Christopher J; Colder Carras, Michelle; Kardefelt-Winther, Daniel; Shi, Jing; Aarseth, Espen; Bean, Anthony M; Bergmark, Karin Helmersson; Brus, Anne; Coulson, Mark; Deleuze, Jory; Dullur, Pravin; Dunkels, Elza; Edman, Johan; Elson, Malte; Etchells, Peter J; Fiskaali, Anne; Granic, Isabela; Jansz, Jeroen; Karlsen, Faltin; Kaye, Linda K; Kirsh, Bonnie; Lieberoth, Andreas; Markey, Patrick; Mills, Kathryn L; Nielsen, Rune Kristian Lundedal; Orben, Amy; Poulsen, Arne; Prause, Nicole; Prax, Patrick; Quandt, Thorsten; Schimmenti, Adriano; Starcevic, Vladan; Stutman, Gabrielle; Turner, Nigel E; van Looy, Jan; Przybylski, Andrew K

2018-03-01

We greatly appreciate the care and thought that is evident in the 10 commentaries that discuss our debate paper, the majority of which argued in favor of a formalized ICD-11 gaming disorder. We agree that there are some people whose play of video games is related to life problems. We believe that understanding this population and the nature and severity of the problems they experience should be a focus area for future research. However, moving from research construct to formal disorder requires a much stronger evidence base than we currently have. The burden of evidence and the clinical utility should be extremely high, because there is a genuine risk of abuse of diagnoses. We provide suggestions about the level of evidence that might be required: transparent and preregistered studies, a better demarcation of the subject area that includes a rationale for focusing on gaming particularly versus a more general behavioral addictions concept, the exploration of non-addiction approaches, and the unbiased exploration of clinical approaches that treat potentially underlying issues, such as depressive mood or social anxiety first. We acknowledge there could be benefits to formalizing gaming disorder, many of which were highlighted by colleagues in their commentaries, but we think they do not yet outweigh the wider societal and public health risks involved. Given the gravity of diagnostic classification and its wider societal impact, we urge our colleagues at the WHO to err on the side of caution for now and postpone the formalization.

Adaptive Treatment Strategies in Youth Mental Health: A Commentary on Advantages, Challenges, and Potential Directions.

PubMed

Sherrill, Joel T

2016-01-01

This commentary underscores the importance and potential of the research approaches and intervention strategies described in the JCCAP special issue on the Science of Adaptive Treatment Strategies in Child and Adolescent Mental Health for addressing the widely observed heterogeneity in response to even our most promising research-informed interventions. First, the commentary briefly summarizes the advantages of these approaches and highlights how these programs of research are responsive to widely agreed-upon calls for more personalized, prescriptive interventions. Next, the commentary briefly discusses key common challenges and gaps in our knowledge that might be addressed to advance the development, testing, and implementation of adaptive intervention strategies. For example, research to identify robust moderators that might serve as potential tailoring variables for initial assignment and sequencing of interventions, efforts to operationalize surrogate endpoints for early identification of individuals who are unlikely to respond to first-line interventions, and research that helps define what constitutes an adequate exposure (i.e., dose) or response threshold (e.g., response that suggests the need to intensify, switch, or augment interventions) would inform decision rules for adaptive algorithms. The commentary concludes with a discussion of potential strategies and current initiatives that might ultimately help facilitate research on more targeted, prescriptive approaches to intervening, including efforts to encourage investigators to use common data elements, to share and integrate data across trials, and to employ a more mechanism-based approach to intervention development and testing.

Recent Trends in Imaging Use in Hospital Settings: Implications for Future Planning.

PubMed

Levin, David C; Parker, Laurence; Rao, Vijay M

2017-03-01

To compare trends in utilization rates of imaging in the three hospital-based settings where imaging is conducted. The nationwide Medicare Part B databases for 2004-2014 were used. All discretionary noninvasive diagnostic imaging (NDI) CPT codes were selected and grouped by modality. Procedure volumes of each code were available from the databases and converted to utilization rates per 1,000 Medicare enrollees. Medicare's place-of-service codes were used to identify imaging examinations done in hospital inpatients, hospital outpatient departments (HOPDs), and emergency departments (EDs). Trends were observed over the life of the study. Trendlines were strongly affected by code bundling in echocardiography in 2009, nuclear imaging in 2010, and CT in 2011. However, even aside from these artifactual effects, important trends could be discerned. Inpatient imaging utilization rates of all modalities are trending downward. In HOPDs, the utilization rate of conventional radiographic examinations (CREs) is declining but rates of CT, MRI, echocardiography, and noncardiac ultrasound (US) are increasing. In EDs, utilization rates of CREs, CT, and US are increasing. In the 3 years after 2011, when no further code bundling occurred, the total inpatient NDI utilization rate dropped 15%, whereas the rate in EDs increased 12% and that in HOPDs increased 1%. The trends in utilization of NDI in the three hospital-based settings where imaging occurs are distinctly different. Radiologists and others who are involved in deciding what kinds of equipment to purchase and where to locate it should be cognizant of these trends in making their decisions. Copyright © 2016 American College of Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Unlocking the proteomic information encoded in MALDI-TOF-MS data used for microbial identification and characterization.

PubMed

Fagerquist, Clifton K

2017-01-01

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) is increasingly utilized as a rapid technique to identify microorganisms including pathogenic bacteria. However, little attention has been paid to the significant proteomic information encoded in the MS peaks that collectively constitute the MS 'fingerprint'. This review/perspective is intended to explore this topic in greater detail in the hopes that it may spur interest and further research in this area. Areas covered: This paper examines the recent literature on utilizing MALDI-TOF for bacterial identification. Critical works highlighting protein biomarker identification of bacteria, arguments for and against protein biomarker identification, proteomic approaches to biomarker identification, emergence of MALDI-TOF-TOF platforms and their use for top-down proteomic identification of bacterial proteins, protein denaturation and its effect on protein ion fragmentation, collision cross-sections and energy deposition during desorption/ionization are also explored. Expert commentary: MALDI-TOF and TOF-TOF mass spectrometry platforms will continue to provide chemical analyses that are rapid, cost-effective and high throughput. These instruments have proven their utility in the taxonomic identification of pathogenic bacteria at the genus and species level and are poised to more fully characterize these microorganisms to the benefit of clinical microbiology, food safety and other fields.

Health state utility values in locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer by treatment line: a systematic review.

PubMed

Paracha, Noman; Thuresson, Per-Olof; Moreno, Santiago G; MacGilchrist, Katherine S

2016-10-01

For patients with late-stage (metastatic) breast cancer, the impact of treatment on health-related quality of life is a key factor in decision-making. A systematic review was conducted to identify health state utility values (HSUVs) for late-stage breast cancer, derived using methods preferred by health technology assessment (HTA) agencies, by treatment line. The aim was to generate a list of HSUVs, that could help to justify the values used to populate cost-utility models. Areas covered: Ten electronic databases, international congress websites and online HSUV databases were searched (January 1995-May 2014) for HSUVs for adults with late-stage breast cancer that had been derived from methods favoured by HTA agencies. Publications were included only if they reported studies that originated HSUVs. Expert commentary: Large numbers of HSUVs are available for late-stage breast cancer in the published literature. Contrary to expectations, the HSUVs reported in the literature vary greatly for some health states. As a result, the choice of HSUV can have considerable implications for the outcomes of economic evaluations. Standardization of HSUV methodology is expected to reduce variability; however, further research is recommended for assessing the sensitivity of generic preference-based measures in late-stage (metastatic) breast cancer.

Application of LANDSAT data to the study of urban development in Brasilia

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parada, N. D. J. (Principal Investigator); Deoliveira, M. D. L. N.; Foresti, C.; Niero, M.; Parreira, E. M. D. M. F.

1984-01-01

The urban growth of Brasilia within the last ten years is analyzed with special emphasis on the utilization of remote sensing orbital data and automatic image processing. The urban spatial structure and the monitoring of its temporal changes were examined in a whole and dynamic way by the utilization of MSS-LANDSAT images for June (1973, 1978 and 1983). In order to aid data interpretation, a registration algorithm implemented in the Interactive Multispectral Image Analysis System (IMAGE-100) was utilized aiming at the overlap of multitemporal images. The utilization of suitable digital filters, combined with the images overlap, allowed a rapid identification of areas of possible urban growth and oriented the field work. The results obtained in this work permitted an evaluation of the urban growth of Brasilia, taking as reference the proposal stated for the construction of the city in the Pilot Plan elaborated by Lucio Costa.

Unmanned Aerial Systems in Occupational Hygiene-Learning from Allied Disciplines.

PubMed

Eninger, Robert M; Johnson, Robert L

2015-10-01

Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) technologies are rapidly developing, lowering cost, and technology barriers for their use in numerous applications. This review and commentary summarizes relevant literature in allied fields and evaluates potential application and utility of UAS technology in the discipline of occupational hygiene. Disciplines closely related to occupational hygiene are moving to investigate potential uses--and in some cases--already employing this technology for research or commercial purposes. The literature was reviewed to formulate a cross-sectional picture of how UAS technology is being used in these closely allied disciplines which could inform or guide potential use in occupational hygiene. Discussed are UAS applications in environmental monitoring, emergency response, epidemiology, safety, and process optimization. A rapidly developing state of the art indicates that there is potential utility for this technology in occupational hygiene. Benefits may include cost savings, time savings, and averting hazardous environments via remote sensing. The occupational hygiene community can look to allied fields to garner lessons and possible applications to their own practice. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Occupational Hygiene Society 2015.

A Consideration of the Perspectives of Healing Practitioners on Research Into Energy Healing

PubMed Central

Bruyere, Rosalyn L.; Weintrub, Ken; Dieppe, Paul

2015-01-01

Energy healing is a complex intervention with the purpose of enhancing wholeness within the client. Approaches to complex interventions require thoughtful utilization of a wide range of research methods. In order to advance the research in this field, we sought to understand the healing practitioners' point of view by reviewing qualitative literature, research reviews, and commentary written by and about practitioners. Further, we conducted a brief survey among healers, asking their opinions on types and topics of research in this field. Emerging from this inquiry is an overview of the healers' state required for successful healing, the importance of the clients' contribution, the heterogeneity of the process of healing, and the importance of choosing appropriate outcomes to reflect the goal of wholeness. Beyond attending to measurement of these nuanced aspects, we propose utilization of research designs appropriate for complex interventions, more use of qualitative research techniques, consideration of large data registries, and adoption of the perspectives of realist research. An important gap identified was the overall lack of understanding of the clients' experience and contribution to the healing encounter. PMID:26665045

A Powerful Protector of the Japanese People: The History of the Japanese Hospital in Steveston, British Columbia, Canada,18961942.

PubMed

Vandenberg, Helen

2017-01-01

From 1896 to 1942, a Japanese hospital operated in the village of Steveston, British Columbia, Canada. For the first 4 years, Japanese Methodist missionaries utilized a small mission building as a makeshift hospital, until a larger institution was constructed by the local Japanese Fishermen's Association in 1900. The hospital operated until the Japanese internment, after the attack on Pearl Harbor during World War II. This study offers important commentary about the relationships between health, hospitals, and race in British Columbia during a period of increased immigration and economic upheaval. From the unique perspective of Japanese leaders, this study provides new insight about how Japanese populations negotiated hospital care, despite a context of severe racial discrimination. Japanese populations utilized Christianization, fishing expertise, and hospital work to garner more equitable access to opportunities and resources. This study demonstrates that in addition to providing medical treatment, training grounds for health-care workers, and safe refuge for the sick, hospitals played a significant role in confronting broader racialized inequities in Canada's past.

"A Powerful Protector of the Japanese People": The History of the Japanese Hospital in Steveston, British Columbia, Canada,1896-1942.

PubMed

Vandenberg, Helen

2017-01-01

From 1896 to 1942, a Japanese hospital operated in the village of Steveston, British Columbia, Canada. For the first 4 years, Japanese Methodist missionaries utilized a small mission building as a makeshift hospital, until a larger institution was constructed by the local Japanese Fishermen's Association in 1900. The hospital operated until the Japanese internment, after the attack on Pearl Harbor during World War II. This study offers important commentary about the relationships between health, hospitals, and race in British Columbia during a period of increased immigration and economic upheaval. From the unique perspective of Japanese leaders, this study provides new insight about how Japanese populations negotiated hospital care, despite a context of severe racial discrimination. Japanese populations utilized Christianization, fishing expertise, and hospital work to garner more equitable access to opportunities and resources. This study demonstrates that in addition to providing medical treatment, training grounds for health-care workers, and safe refuge for the sick, hospitals played a significant role in confronting broader racialized inequities in Canada's past.

What Story Does the Work Tell? A Resource of Curricular Units, Student Work and Commentary by Philadelphia Teachers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cantrill, Christina, Comp.; Glass, Don, Comp.; Sparks, Andrew, Comp.

This document is a tool to help teachers look at student work as a means to assess individual student progress. It contains work samples, accompanying commentaries, and assessment tools which originate from students and teachers in Philadelphia public schools who participated in the Philadelphia Education Fund's Small Learning Community…

Rural Roots: News, Information, and Commentary from the Rural School and Community Trust, 2002.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yaunches, Alison, Ed.; Loveland, Elaina, Ed.

2002-01-01

This document contains the six issues of "Rural Roots" published bimonthly in 2002. A newsletter of the Rural School and Community Trust, "Rural Roots" provides news, information, and commentary from the Rural Trust and highlights the wide variety of place-based education work happening in rural schools and communities across…

Commentary on "Reading Comprehension Is Not a Single Ability": Implications for Child Language Intervention

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ukrainetz, Teresa A.

2017-01-01

Purpose: This commentary responds to the implications for child language intervention of Catts and Kamhi's (2017) call to move from viewing reading comprehension as a single ability to recognizing it as a complex constellation of reader, text, and activity. Method: Reading comprehension, as Catts and Kamhi explain, is very complicated. In this…

Challenges and Visions for Higher Education in a Complex World: Commentary on Barnett and Barrie

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Austin, Ann E.

2012-01-01

In this commentary, the author considers two articles: Simon C. Barrie's "A research-based approach to generic graduate attributes policy" (2004) and Ronald Barnett's "Learning for an unknown future" (2004). Taken as a set, these two articles raise several questions about higher education that transcend national boundaries and institutional type.…

Commentary to "Multiple Grammars and Second Language Representation," by Luiz Amaral and Tom Roeper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pérez-Leroux, Ana T.

2014-01-01

In this commentary, the author defends the Multiple Grammars (MG) theory proposed by Luiz Amaral and Tom Roepe (A&R) in the present issue. Topics discussed include second language acquisition, the concept of developmental optionality, and the idea that structural decisions involve the lexical dimension. The author states that A&R's…

Demystifying a Q-Matrix for Making Diagnostic Inferences about L2 Reading Skills: The Author Responds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jang, Eunice Eunhee

2010-01-01

This article presents the author's response to the commentary essays by Charles Alderson and Fred Davidson on "Demystifying a Q-matrix for making diagnostic inferences about L2 reading skills" (Jang, 2009). The author stresses that their commentaries provides vital perspectives on the challenges to pushing the boundaries of current testing…

78 FR 75627 - Self-Regulatory Organizations: Miami International Securities Exchange LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-12

... Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change for the Extension of a Pilot Program for SPY Position and Exercise... eliminates the position and exercise limits for physically-settled options on the SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust... Exchange Rule 307, Commentary .01, Position Limits, and Exchange Rule 309, Commentary .01, Exercise limits...

Comparing Student Learning Experiences of In-Text Commentary and Rubric-Articulated Feedback: Strategies for Formative Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nordrum, Lene; Evans, Katherine; Gustafsson, Magnus

2013-01-01

This study compares students' experiences of two types of criteria-based assessment: in-text commentary and rubric-articulated feedback, in an assessment design combining the two feedback channels. The main aim is to use students' responses to shed light on how feedback strategies for formative assessment can be optimised. Following action…

Rural Roots: News, Information, and Commentary from the Rural School and Community Trust, 2000-2001.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westra, Kathryn E., Ed.; Yaunches, H. Alison, Ed.

2001-01-01

This document contains the first eight issues of "Rural Roots"--two published in 2000 and six published bimonthly in 2001. A newsletter of the Rural School and Community Trust, "Rural Roots" provides news, information, and commentary from the Rural Trust and highlights the wide variety of place-based education work happening in…

A Commentary on"'Sustainability and Accounting Education: The Elephant in the Classroom"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Laine, Matias

2013-01-01

In this commentary Matias Laine reviews the vivid paper written by Rob Gray (2013) who discusses his view of how sustainability is positioned within accounting education and how accounting educators can directly approach sustainability in their teaching. Laine notes many of the aspects that Gray considers important reflect the starting point of…

"Utopia" and "Passion": A Commentary on "Sustainability and Accounting Education: The Elephant in the Classroom"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Contrafatto, Massimo

2013-01-01

In this commentary, Massimo Contrafatto explains his understanding of Gray's interpretation of accounting education for sustainability (AE4S), and contributes some personal insights to the future development of AE4S. Gray reflected on an educational engagement experiment where the complex issues surrounding sustainability were dealt with in an…

Does Big Business Rule America? Critical Commentaries on Charles E. Lindblom's "Politics and Markets."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hessen, Robert, Ed.

This volume pulls together commentaries on Charles E. Lindblom's book entitled "Politics and Markets: The World's Political-Economic Systems" (1977) which expounds the thesis that big business dominates American culture and politics and prevents the introduction of central planning in place of a market-oriented economy. Following an introduction,…

Omnivorous Representation Might Lead to Indigestion: Commentary on Amaral and Roeper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slabakova, Roumyana

2014-01-01

This article offers commentary that the Multiple Grammar (MG) language acquisition theory proposed by Luiz Amaral and Tom Roeper (A&R) in the present issue lacks elaboration of the psychological mechanisms at work in second language acquisition. Topics discussed include optionality in a speaker's grammar and the rules of verb position in…

Differences and Deficits in Psychological Research in Historical Perspective: A Commentary on the Special Section

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cole, Michael

2013-01-01

This commentary traces discussions of psychological differences and deficits from the mid-1950s to the current day, positioning the disciplinary discussions in the social-historical context in which they took place. The challenges of assessing diagnoses of deficit and the potential harms that result when misdiagnosis is implemented as social…

"I Was Told That My First Duty Was to Forget Physiology, Which Had No Relation to Medicine"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walsh, Kieran

2016-01-01

There has been much recent commentary on integration in health care professional education. This commentary is of importance to physiology education as integration often touches on integration between preclinical and clinical sciences. There are different forms of integration, from horizontal to vertical to spiral, and different theories underpin…

Ethics of Inquiry: Issues in the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hutchings, Pat, Ed.

This collection contains seven case studies about ethical issues faced by scholars of teaching and learning, each with commentary from individuals who bring different perspectives to bear on the issues. This case-plus-commentaries format enacts a central theme of the volume, which is that there is no single right way to resolve the ethical…

Commentary on "Childhood Leukemia Survivors and Their Return to School: A Literature Review, Case Study, and Recommendations"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schmitt, Ara

2011-01-01

This commentary pertains to the article, "Childhood Leukemia Survivors and Their Return to School: A Literature Review, Case Study, and Recommendations" by D. Scott Hermann, Jill R. Thurber, Kenneth Miles, and Gloria Gilbert in this issue (2011) regarding pediatric leukemia. The authors present a literature review regarding leukemia in…

Neoliberalism as Nihilism? A Commentary on Educational Accountability, Teacher Education, and School Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tuck, Eve

2013-01-01

In this article, the author discusses neoliberalism as an extension of settler colonialism. The article provides commentary on five recent articles on teacher education and the neoliberal agenda. The article presents an analysis of neoliberalism as despair, and as a form of nihilism. The author discusses an indigenous model of school reform and…

Progress on nature and nurture: Commentary on Granqvist and Nkara's 'Nature meets nurture in religious and spiritual development'.

PubMed

Boyatzis, Chris J

2017-03-01

This commentary addresses several key ideas in the Granqvist and Nkara (this issue) conceptual piece on the need for a more sophisticated understanding of how nature and nurture interact to influence religious and spiritual development. Cultural and genetic factors are explored. © 2017 The British Psychological Society.

A Response to Commentaries on "Music Matters: A Philosophy of Music Education," Second Edition (2015)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elliott, David J.; Silverman, Marissa

2015-01-01

This essay responds to five commentaries on "Music Matters: A Philosophy of Music Education," 2nd edition (2015). Because each author provides a substantial discussion of different aspects of the book, this essay does not attempt to address all points. Instead, we reflect on selected aspects of each scholar's critique.

Transformative Role of Epigenetics in Child Development Research: Commentary on the Special Section

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keating, Daniel P.

2016-01-01

Lester, Conradt, and Marsit (2016) have assembled a set of articles that bring to readers of "Child Development" the scope and impact of the exponentially growing research on epigenetics and child development. This commentary aims to place this work in a broader context of theory and research by (a) providing a conceptual framework for…

75 FR 27608 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-17

... Change To Establish Strike Price Intervals and Trading Hours for Options on Index Linked Securities May....4 Commentary .05 to establish strike price intervals for options on Index Linked Securities,\\3\\ and... Rule 7.1 Commentary .02 to establish strike price intervals and trading hours for options on Index...

The Legal Dimension of RTI--Confusion Confirmed: A Response to Walker and Daves

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zirkel, Perry A.

2012-01-01

In this issue of "Learning Disability Quarterly" (LDQ), Professors Daves and Walker reply to my earlier LDQ article on confusion in the cases and commentary about the legal dimension of RTI. In this brief rejoinder, I show that their reply confirms rather than resolves the confusion in their original commentary in 2010. This persistent…

Rehabilitation treatment taxonomy and the international classification of health interventions.

PubMed

Sykes, Catherine R

2014-01-01

This commentary provides some reactions to the rehabilitation treatment taxonomy project in relation to work already underway to develop an International Classification of Health Interventions. This commentary also includes some comments in response to questions posed by the authors. Copyright © 2014 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Two Thousand Years of Interactive Readers: The Jewish Tradition of Text Study and Commentary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pace, Ann Jaffe

The Jewish tradition of text study and commentary may convey important messages to educators because of its probable inherent interest and for possible recommendations for pedagogical practice that might be suggested by it. Beyond seeking guidance in religious and everyday affairs, the last 2000 years of Torah study reveals a passionate commitment…

Geometry in the Early Years: A Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dindyal, Jaguthsing

2015-01-01

The primary goal of this paper is to provide a commentary on the teaching and learning of geometry in the early years of schooling with the set of papers in this issue as a guiding factor. It is structured around issues about geometry education of young learners, such as: what should we teach in geometry and why; representation of geometrical…

77 FR 1099 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-09

... is currently defined in Exchange Rule 1090 as any clerk other than a specialist clerk on the Exchange... execution clerk.\\7\\ \\5\\ See Exchange Rule 1090, Commentary .01(a). Further, no stock execution clerk shall... or independent authority over any account or transaction. See Exchange Rule 1090, Commentary .01(d...

A Commentary on "Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights and Business Schools' Responsibility to Teach It"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Everett, Jeff

2013-01-01

In this commentary on "Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights and Business Schools' Responsibility to Teach It" (McPhail 2013), the author discusses how McPhail's paper examines human rights teaching principles, the question of why corporations and business schools should respect and teach human rights, and how business…

Clinical commentary on "Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia-like phenotype in multiple sclerosis" and "Secondary paroxysmal dyskinesia in multiple sclerosis: Clinical-radiological features and treatment. Case report of seven patients".

PubMed

Pareés, Isabel

2017-11-01

This clinical commentary discusses the phenomenology and treatment of paroxysmal dyskinesia in patients with multiple sclerosis. It calls for a consensus on the definition as well as for larger studies to better understand this unusual clinical association.

Hear Us Out: Commentary by Youth on School and Society. Speaking Out.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

What Kids Can Do, Inc., Providence, RI.

This publication presents essays written by seven young, urban, minority students participating in an intensive writing workshop given by What Kids Can Do in collaboration with the Margins to Mainstream project. The goal of the workshop was to coach students to create short essays suitable for use as a newspaper column, radio commentary, or…

A Call for Mathematics Education Colleagues and Stakeholders to Collaboratively Engage with NCTM: In Response to Martin's Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Briars, Diane J.; Larson, Matt; Strutchens, Marilyn E.; Barnes, David

2015-01-01

In his commentary "The Collective Black and 'Principles to Actions,'" Martin (2015) offers a thought-provoking critique of "Principles to Actions: Ensuring Mathematical Success for All" (National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM], 2014). Martin (2015) states that the mathematics education community, in general, and the…

Commentary: Advances in Research on Sourcing-Source Credibility and Reliable Processes for Producing Knowledge Claims

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chinn, Clark A.; Rinehart, Ronald W.

2016-01-01

In our commentary on this excellent set of articles on "Sourcing in the Reading Process," we endeavor to synthesize the findings from the seven articles and discuss future research. We discuss significant contributions related to source memory, source evaluation, use of sources in action and belief, integration of information from…

Commentary on Reviews of James Tooley's "The Beautiful Tree" and Tooley's Reply

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yagnamurthy, Sreekanth; Tooley, James

2011-01-01

In this commentary Yagnamurthy raises several issues such as right to education, English as the medium of instruction, and quality of education in low-fee and unrecognized schools. Also, Yagnamurthy is of the view that both public and private sectors need to endeavor for equitable participation of all children in education. Tooley replies.

Masculine Default or Suffix Sensitivity? A Commentary on Boloh and Ibernon (2013)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kerkhoff, Annemarie O.

2013-01-01

This article questions how two very similar sets of experiments can yield such very different findings, and comments on the differences between the studies. Here Annamarie Kerkhoff presents a commentary on some perceived differences between the studies in areas such as age groups and group sizes evaluated. Kerkhoff also comments on some…

Creativity Is Life: A Commentary on the Special Issue

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaufman, James C.

2015-01-01

In this commentary on the papers in the special issue, I discuss how many of the standard questions and debates in the field of creativity research tend to focus on the individual creator. The welcome recent resurgence of interest in questions of context, interaction, culture, and audience--as on full display in this special issue--is cause to…

Timely and Needed Perspectives on Differential Response in Child Protective Services

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ellett, Alberta J.

2013-01-01

This article is an invited commentary and analysis of the authors' completed systematic evaluation of Child Protective Services (CPS) differential response (DR) models. I write this commentary based on 25 years of public child welfare experience followed by 13 years as a social work professor and researcher. In their review of DR, the…

From Metaphorically Speaking to Acting Boldly: A Commentary on the Special Issue

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rock, Marcia L.; Billingsley, Bonnie

2014-01-01

Casting special education teacher development as an avatar living in a virtual and changing landscape is a creative way to consider the current state of the field and project possible futures. In this commentary, the authors consider areas that may help strengthen the Avatar, including conceptualizing and identifying the outcomes of teacher…

A Practitioner's Commentary on "Making the Most of Information-Gathering Interviews with Children"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, David P. H.

2009-01-01

This article presents a commentary on "Making the Most of Information-Gathering Interviews With Children," in which, according to Jones, Larsson and Lamb provided a helpful overview on memory retrieval and communicative ability and on ways these may be fostered in interviews with children. They explored three interview protocols that have been…

A Commentary on "Cyberball: A Reasonable Paradigm for Studying Ostracism in Developmental Science?"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wesselmann, Eric D.; Williams, Kipling D.

2013-01-01

In this commentary, the authors discuss the topic of ostracism--being ignored and excluded--as a painful social phenomenon that most individuals have experienced at least once in their lives, and sometimes daily. The harmful power of ostracism is not short-lived; data suggest that participants asked to relive ostracism by writing an…

Commentary: When Innovation Detracts from Good Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parslow, Graham R.

2011-01-01

The catalyst for this commentary was a local newspaper article challengingly titled "If you don't click you don't pass at many US Universities," derived from an article in the New York Times. This caused the author to bring together some misgivings about the way university teaching is moving. "Moving" was a deliberate choice of word here, rather…

Letter to the Editor, Response to Commentary "Re-Evaluation of the Big Blue® Mouse Assay of Propiconazole Suggests Lack of Mutagenicity"

EPA Science Inventory

In their commentary titled "Re-Evaluation of the Big Blue® Mouse Assay of Propiconazole Suggests Lack of Mutagenicity", Shane et 01. present an overview of portions of our previously reported work examining the potential for some conazole fungicides to induce increases in mutant ...

Commentary: Overview of Developmental Perspectives on Creativity and the Realization of Potential

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Runco, Mark A.

2016-01-01

The articles in this issue of "New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development" nicely summarize recent findings about creativity and development. This commentary underscores some of the key ideas and puts them into a larger context (i.e., the corpus of creativity research). It pinpoints areas of agreement (e.g., the need to take…

Author's Response to Commentaries on: "An Interpretation of Part of Gilbert Gottlieb's Legacy: Developmental Systems Theory Contra Developmental Behavior Genetics"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Molenaar, Peter C. M.

2015-01-01

In this article, Peter Molenaar responds to three commentaries (this issue) on his article, "An Interpretation of Part of Gilbert Gottlieb's Legacy: Developmental Systems Theory Contra Developmental Behavior Genetics." He addresses aspects of relational developmental systems (RDS) mentioned and questions raised in each of the…

Ethics and the Marketing of Technology for Training and Performance Improvement: A Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carliner, Saul

2003-01-01

This commentary is intended to start a conversation on ethical behavior in the marketing of our work, with a special focus on the issues that arise when marketing technology and related services. The general literature on marketing ethics suggests that marketers have more relaxed ethical values than the general public. Therefore, ethics should be…

Reply to "Further Issues in Determining the Readability of Self-Report Items: Comment on McHugh and Behar (2009)"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McHugh, R. Kathryn; Behar, Evelyn

2012-01-01

In his commentary on our previously published article "Readability of Self-Report Measures of Depression and Anxiety," J. Schinka (2012) argued for the importance of considering readability of patient materials and highlighted limitations of existing methodologies for this assessment. Schinka's commentary articulately described the weaknesses of…

A Spoken Genre Gets Written: Online Football Commentaries in English, French, and Spanish

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perez-Sabater, Carmen; Pena-Martinez, Gemma; Turney, Ed; Montero-Fleta, Begona

2008-01-01

Many recent studies on computer-mediated communication (CMC) have addressed the question of orality and literacy. This article examines a relatively recent subgenre of CMC, that of written online sports commentary, that provides us with written CMC that is clearly based on firmly established oral genres, those of radio and television sports…

Unfinished feticide: a legal commentary.

PubMed Central

Brazier, Margaret

1990-01-01

Jansen expresses concern as to the legal implications of both selective reduction of pregnancy and unsuccessful attempts at termination of pregnancy using mifepristone. This commentary examines the legality of both procedures and concludes that Jansen is over-optimistic in his belief that neither procedure is likely to fall foul of the criminal laws on induced abortion. By contrast his anxieties about civil liability arising from the subsequent live birth of a damaged infant are, it is suggested, unnecessarily pessimistic. Such an action is most unlikely to succeed if brought by the infant herself and any claim on the part of the mother will normally be dependent on proof of negligence. The commentary focusses on the law in England with relevant references to other common law jurisdictions. PMID:11642779

Utilization Trends in Diagnostic Imaging for a Commercially Insured Population: A Study of Massachusetts Residents 2009 to 2013.

PubMed

Flaherty, Stephen; Mortele, Koenraad J; Young, Gary J

2018-06-01

To report utilization trends in diagnostic imaging among commercially insured Massachusetts residents from 2009 to 2013. Current Procedural Terminology codes were used to identify diagnostic imaging claims in the Massachusetts All-Payer Claims Database for the years 2009 to 2013. We reported utilization and spending annually by imaging modality using total claims, claims per 1,000 individuals, total expenditures, and average per claim payments. The number of diagnostic imaging claims per insured MA resident increased only 0.6% from 2009 to 2013, whereas nonradiology claims increased by 6% annually. Overall diagnostic imaging expenditures, adjusted for inflation, were 27% lower in 2009 than 2013, compared with an 18% increase in nonimaging expenditures. Average payments per claim were lower in 2013 than 2009 for all modalities except nuclear medicine. Imaging procedure claims per 1,000 MA residents increased from 2009 to 2013 by 13% in MRI, from 147 to 166; by 17% in ultrasound, from 453 to 530; and by 12% in radiography (x-ray), from 985 to 1,100. However, CT claims per 1,000 fell by 37%, from 341 to 213, and nuclear medicine declined 57%, from 89 claims per 1,000 to 38. Diagnostic imaging utilization exhibited negligible growth over the study period. Diagnostic imaging expenditures declined, largely the result of falling payments per claim in most imaging modalities, in contrast with increased utilization and spending on nonimaging services. Utilization of MRI, ultrasound, and x-ray increased from 2009 to 2013, whereas CT and nuclear medicine use decreased sharply, although CT was heavily impacted by billing code changes. Copyright © 2018 American College of Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Health IT and inappropriate utilization of outpatient imaging: A cross-sectional study of U.S. hospitals.

PubMed

Appari, Ajit; Johnson, M Eric; Anthony, Denise L

2018-01-01

To determine whether the use of information technology (IT), measured by Meaningful Use capability, is associated with lower rates of inappropriate utilization of imaging services in hospital outpatient settings. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 3332 nonfederal U.S. hospitals using data from: Hospital Compare (2011 outpatient imaging efficiency measures), HIMSS Analytics (2009 health IT), and Health Indicator Warehouse (market characteristics). Hospitals were categorized for their health IT infrastructure including EHR Stage-1 capability, and three advanced imaging functionalities/systems including integrated picture archiving and communication system, Web-based image distribution, and clinical decision support (CDS) with physician pathways. Three imaging efficiency measures suggesting inappropriate utilization during 2011 included: percentage of "combined" (with and without contrast) computed tomography (CT) studies out of all CT studies for abdomen and chest respectively, and percentage of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of lumbar spine without antecedent conservative therapy within 60days. For each measure, three separate regression models (GLM with gamma-log link function, and denominator of imaging measure as exposure) were estimated adjusting for hospital characteristics, market characteristics, and state fixed effects. Additionally, Heckman's Inverse Mills Ratio and propensity for Stage-1 EHR capability were used to account for selection bias. We find support for association of each of the four health IT capabilities with inappropriate utilization rates of one or more imaging modality. Stage-1 EHR capability is associated with lower inappropriate utilization rates for chest CT (incidence rate ratio IRR=0.72, p-value <0.01) and lumbar MRI (IRR=0.87, p-value <0.05). Integrated PACS is associated with lower inappropriate utilization rate of abdomen CT (IRR=0.84, p-value <0.05). Imaging distribution over Web capability is associated with lower inappropriate utilization rates for chest CT (IRR=0.66, p-value <0.05) and lumbar MRI (IRR=0.86, p-value <0.05). CDS with physician pathways is associated with lower inappropriate utilization rates for abdomen CT (IRR=0.87, p-value <0.01) and lumbar MRI (IRR=0.90, p-value <0.05). All other cases showed no association. The study offers mixed results. Taken together, the results suggest that the use of Stage-1 Meaningful Use capable EHR systems along with advanced imaging related functionalities could have a beneficial impact on reducing some of the inappropriate utilization of outpatient imaging. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Defining the system of care concept and philosophy: to update or not to update?

PubMed

Stroul, Beth A; Blau, Gary M

2010-02-01

This commentary considers the task of updating the system of care concept and philosophy within its historical context, reviewing the original intent of the definition and clarifying misconceptions about its meaning. The authors identify the aspects of the concept and philosophy that should be updated based on the latest thinking, experience, and data, such as incorporating applicability to a broader range of populations, increasing the emphasis on the core values, specifying desired outcomes, and adding accountability as a critical element. An updated definition and values and principles are proposed, and the importance of always presenting the definition along with the accompanying specification of the philosophy is emphasized in order to increase its utility in assisting the field to move from theory to practice.

Assessing conscientious personality in primary care: an opportunity for prevention and health promotion.

PubMed

Israel, Salomon; Moffitt, Terrie E

2014-05-01

The articles in this special section bolster the already strong evidence base that personality differences in the trait of conscientiousness predict health. What is now needed is a research agenda for translating documented risk associations between low conscientiousness and poor health into policies and interventions that improve health outcomes for individuals and populations. In this commentary, we highlight 1 such avenue: introducing brief personality assessment into primary care practice. We provide examples of how conscientiousness assessment may help health care professionals get to know their patients better and potentially serve as a guide for more personalized care. We also raise key considerations for implementation research aimed at examining the feasibility and utility of integrating conscientiousness assessment into primary care settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

Commentary: the right time to rethink part-time careers.

PubMed

Palda, Valerie A; Levinson, Wendy

2009-01-01

The demand for part-time academic positions is bound to increase because of the changing demographics of medicine and the needs of both women and men faculty. One of the main benefits of working part-time is the freedom to shape a career that is tailored to one's individualized life needs. Studies indicate that part-time faculty may enhance quality of care, patient satisfaction, resource utilization, and productivity. Division chiefs and department chairs who have flexible hiring policies to meet the needs of part-time faculty are likely to be more successful in recruitment and retention. The authors describe some of the benefits and drawbacks of part-time work, and they offer advice for faculty members seeking part-time careers and for leaders seeking to employ them.

Models for evaluation of relative immunogenic potential of protein particles in biopharmaceutical protein formulations.

PubMed

Johnson, Richard; Jiskoot, Wim

2012-10-01

An immune response to a therapeutic protein that compromises the biopharmaceutical activity or cross-reacts with an endogenous protein is a serious clinical event. The role of protein aggregates and particles in biopharmaceutical formulations in mediating this immune response has gained considerable attention over the recent past. Model systems that could consistently and reliably predict the relative immunogenicity of biopharmaceutical protein formulations would be extremely valuable. Several approaches have been developed in an attempt to provide this insight, including in silico algorithms, in vitro tests utilizing human leukocytes and in vivo animal models. This commentary provides an update of these various approaches as well as the author's perspectives on the pros and cons of these different methods. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The BRAIN Initiative Provides a Unifying Context for Integrating Core STEM Competencies into a Neurobiology Course.

PubMed

Schaefer, Jennifer E

2016-01-01

The Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative introduced by the Obama Administration in 2013 presents a context for integrating many STEM competencies into undergraduate neuroscience coursework. The BRAIN Initiative core principles overlap with core STEM competencies identified by the AAAS Vision and Change report and other entities. This neurobiology course utilizes the BRAIN Initiative to serve as the unifying theme that facilitates a primary emphasis on student competencies such as scientific process, scientific communication, and societal relevance while teaching foundational neurobiological content such as brain anatomy, cellular neurophysiology, and activity modulation. Student feedback indicates that the BRAIN Initiative is an engaging and instructional context for this course. Course module organization, suitable BRAIN Initiative commentary literature, sample primary literature, and important assignments are presented.

Taiwan Biobank: making cross-database convergence possible in the Big Data era

PubMed Central

Lin, Jui-Chu; Fan, Chien-Te; Liao, Chia-Cheng; Chen, Yao-Sheng

2018-01-01

Abstract The Taiwan Biobank (TWB) is a biomedical research database of biopsy data from 200 000 participants. Access to this database has been granted to research communities taking part in the development of precision medicines; however, this has raised issues surrounding TWB’s access to electronic medical records (EMRs). The Personal Data Protection Act of Taiwan restricts access to EMRs for purposes not covered by patients’ original consent. This commentary explores possible legal solutions to help ensure that the access TWB has to EMR abides with legal obligations, and with governance frameworks associated with ethical, legal, and social implications. We suggest utilizing “hash function” algorithms to create nonretrospective, anonymized data for the purpose of cross-transmission and/or linkage with EMR. PMID:29149267

Proteomic analysis of Aspergillus fumigatus - clinical implications.

PubMed

Moloney, Nicola M; Owens, Rebecca A; Doyle, Sean

2016-07-01

Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous saprophytic fungus capable of producing small airborne spores, which are frequently inhaled by humans. In healthy individuals, the fungus is rapidly cleared by innate mechanisms, including immune cells. However, in individuals with impaired lung function or immunosuppression the spores can germinate and prompt severe allergic responses, and disease with limited or extensive invasiveness. The traits that make A. fumigatus a successful colonizer and pathogen of humans are multi-factorial. Thus, a global investigative approach is required to elucidate the mechanisms utilized by the fungus to cause disease. Expert commentary: In doing so, a better understanding of disease pathology can be achieved with improved therapeutic/diagnostic solutions, thereby improving patient outcome. Proteomic analysis permits such investigations and recent work has yielded insight into these mechanisms.

Disparities in Assisted Reproductive Technology Utilization by Race and Ethnicity, United States, 2014: A Commentary.

PubMed

Dieke, Ada C; Zhang, Yujia; Kissin, Dmitry M; Barfield, Wanda D; Boulet, Sheree L

2017-06-01

Disparities in infertility and access to infertility treatments, such as assisted reproductive technology (ART), by race/ethnicity, have been reported. However, identifying disparities in ART usage may have been hampered by missing race/ethnicity information in ART surveillance. We review infertility prevalence and treatment disparities, use recent data to examine ART use in the United States by race/ethnicity and residency in states with mandated insurance coverage for in vitro fertilization (IVF), and discuss approaches for reducing disparities. We used 2014 National ART Surveillance System (NASS) data to calculate rates of ART procedures per million women 15-44 years of age, a proxy measure of ART utilization, for Census-defined racial/ethnic groups in the United States; rates were further stratified by the presence of insurance mandates for IVF treatment. Missing race/ethnicity data (35.6% of cycles) were imputed. Asian/Pacific Islander (A/PI) women had the highest rates of ART utilization at 5883 ART procedures per million women 15-44 years of age in 2014, whereas American Indian/Alaska Native non-Hispanic women had the lowest rates at 807 per million, compared with other racial/ethnic groups. In each racial/ethnic category, ART utilization rates were higher for women in states with an insurance mandate for IVF treatment versus those without. In 2014, A/PI women had the highest rates of ART utilization. ART utilization for all racial/ethnic groups was higher in states with insurance mandates for IVF than those without, although disparities were still evident. Although mandates may increase access to infertility treatments, they are not sufficient to eliminate these disparities.

Multidimensional Processing and Visual Rendering of Complex 3D Biomedical Images

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sams, Clarence F.

2016-01-01

The proposed technology uses advanced image analysis techniques to maximize the resolution and utility of medical imaging methods being used during spaceflight. We utilize COTS technology for medical imaging, but our applications require higher resolution assessment of the medical images than is routinely applied with nominal system software. By leveraging advanced data reduction and multidimensional imaging techniques utilized in analysis of Planetary Sciences and Cell Biology imaging, it is possible to significantly increase the information extracted from the onboard biomedical imaging systems. Year 1 focused on application of these techniques to the ocular images collected on ground test subjects and ISS crewmembers. Focus was on the choroidal vasculature and the structure of the optic disc. Methods allowed for increased resolution and quantitation of structural changes enabling detailed assessment of progression over time. These techniques enhance the monitoring and evaluation of crew vision issues during space flight.

Commentary on "Lessons Learned from Leading an Anger Management Group Using the "Seeing Red" Curriculum in an Elementary School"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoover, Sally

2010-01-01

This commentary responds to "Lessons Learned From Leading an Anger Management Group Using the "Seeing Red" Curriculum in an Elementary School," E. L. Sportsman, J. S. Carlson, and K. M. Guthrie's (2010/this issue) account of an anger control intervention's implementation and effectiveness in an elementary school setting. The accompanying article…

Valid Issues but Limited Scope: A Response to Kitchen and Berk's Research Commentary on Educational Technology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clements, Douglas H.; Sarama, Julie

2017-01-01

In their Research Commentary, Kitchen and Berk (2016) argue that educational technology may focus only on skills for low-income students and students of color, further limiting their opportunities to learn mathematical reasoning, and thus pose a challenge to realizing standards-based reforms. Although we share the concern about equity and about…

Commentary: Leapfrogging as a Principle for Research on Children and Youth in Majority World Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sommer, Simon

2013-01-01

This commentary was written while the author was visiting the 30th International Congress of Psychology in Cape Town, South Africa. Looking at the program, he could see that psychological research on non-Western populations and internationally comparative research seems to be much "en vogue"! However, much of the research he has seen…

Navigating the Contested Terrain of Teacher Education Policy and Practice: Authors Respond to SCALE

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henning, Nick; Dover, Alison G.; Dotson, Erica; Agarwal-Rangath, Ruchi; Clayton, Christine D.; Donovan, Martha K.; Cannon, Susan O.; Cross, Stephanie Behm; Dunn, Alyssa Hadley

2018-01-01

Stanford Center for Assessment, Learning, and Equity (SCALE) provided a commentary on the manuscripts in the first part of this special issue, which highlighted the benefits of edTPA and the necessity for such assessment programs to improve teacher education and strengthen teaching practices. In turn, the authors responded to the SCALE commentary.…

Issues and Advances in the Systematic Review of Single-Case Research: A Commentary on the Exemplars

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manolov, Rumen; Guilera, Georgina; Solanas, Antonio

2017-01-01

The current text comments on three systematic reviews published in the special section "Issues and Advances in the Systematic Review of Single-Case Research: An Update and Exemplars." The commentary is provided in relation to the need to combine the assessment of the methodological quality of the studies included in systematic reviews,…

A Commentary on "Updating the Duplex Design for Test-Based Accountability in the Twenty-First Century"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandt, Steffen

2010-01-01

This article presents the author's commentary on "Updating the Duplex Design for Test-Based Accountability in the Twenty-First Century," in which Isaac I. Bejar and E. Aurora Graf propose the application of a test design--the duplex design (which was proposed in 1988 by Bock and Mislevy) for application in current accountability assessments.…

On Conceptual Metaphor and the Flora and Fauna of Mind: Commentary on Brookes and Etkina; and Jeppsson, Haglund, and Amin

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sherin, Bruce

2015-01-01

In this commentary, the author presents his thoughts on two papers appearing in this special issue. The first, "The Importance of Language in Students' Reasoning about Heat in Thermodynamic Processes," by David T. Brookes and Eugenia Etkina (See: EJ1060728), and the second, "Varying Use of Conceptual Metaphors Across Levels of…

Commentary on: "Toward Computer-Based Support of Metacognitive Skills: A Computational Framework to Coach Self Explanation"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conati, Cristina

2016-01-01

This paper is a commentary on "Toward Computer-Based Support of Meta-Cognitive Skills: a Computational Framework to Coach Self-Explanation", by Cristina Conati and Kurt Vanlehn, published in the "IJAED" in 2000 (Conati and VanLehn 2010). This work was one of the first examples of Intelligent Learning Environments (ILE) that…

Walking the Walk: The Presence of Core Educational Leadership Standards in the Development and Implementation of Partnership Academies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

RedCorn, Alex

2016-01-01

In this commentary, the author highlights some of the insights and commentaries of the various stakeholder perspectives contained in this special issue. It was highly apparent that the leaders not only were talking the talk, they were also walking the walk, specifically in the development and implementation of leadership academies. University…

Using New Models to Analyze Complex Regularities of the World: Commentary on Musso et al. (2013)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nokelainen, Petri; Silander, Tomi

2014-01-01

This commentary to the recent article by Musso et al. (2013) discusses issues related to model fitting, comparison of classification accuracy of generative and discriminative models, and two (or more) cultures of data modeling. We start by questioning the extremely high classification accuracy with an empirical data from a complex domain. There is…

A Commentary on the Use of Cut-Scores to Increase the Emphasis of Non-Cognitive Variables in Medical School Admissions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kreiter, Clarence D.

2007-01-01

The academic performance consequences of relying solely on non-cognitive factors for selecting applicants above a GPA and MCAT threshold have not been fully considered in the literature. This commentary considers the impact of using a "threshold approach" on academic performance as assessed with the USMLE Step 1.

Commentary on factors affecting transverse vibration using an idealized theoretical equation

Treesearch

Joseph F. Murphy

2000-01-01

An idealized theoretical equation to calculate flexural stiffness using transverse vibration of a simply end-supported beam is being considered by the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) Wood Committee D07 to determine lumber modulus of elasticity. This commentary provides the user a quantitative view of six factors that affect the accuracy of using the...

Non-Formal Education in Poland and Canada--Compared: A Brief Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Butler, Norman L.; Griffith, Kimberly Grantham; Kritsonis, William Allan

2007-01-01

The purpose of this brief note is to compare non-formal education in Poland and Canada in terms of accessibility, and it is motivated by the fact that learning is a lifelong process because of rapid advances in technology. The theoretical framework for this commentary is supplied by the general idea that non-formal learning provides a social…

Keeping the Focus on Underserved Students, Privilege, and Power: A Reaction to Clements and Sarama

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kitchen, Richard; Berk, Sarabeth

2017-01-01

In our response to Clements and Sarama (2017), we address the 5 issues that they identify as criticisms of our Research Commentary (Kitchen & Berk, 2016). As in our original commentary, we highlight concerns we have regarding the delivery of [computer-assisted instruction] CAI programs and potential misuses of CAI, particularly at Title I…

The Systemic Impacts of New York's Universal Pre-Kindergarten Program: A Response to Ackerman, Apple, Barnett, and Goffin

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morrissey, Taryn W.; Lekies, Kristi S.; Cochran, Moncrieff M.

2007-01-01

We thank Debra J. Ackerman, Peggy L. Apple, W. Steven Barnett, and Stacie G. Goffin for their thoughtful commentaries on our article "Implementing New York's Universal Pre-Kindergarten Program: An Exploratory Study of Systemic Impacts" (this issue). Our response focuses on two main themes that emerged from the commentaries: (a) the…

Cognitive Neuroscience and Mathematics Learning: How Far Have We Come? Where Do We Need to Go?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ansari, Daniel; Lyons, Ian M.

2016-01-01

In this commentary on the ZDM special issue: "Cognitive neuroscience and mathematics learning--revisited after 5 years," we explore the progress that has been made since ZDM published a similar special issue in 2010. We consider the extent to which future frontiers and methodological concerns raised in the commentary on the 2010 issue by…

Commentary on Research into Learning in Physical Education: Towards a Mature Field of Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tinning, Richard

2015-01-01

In this commentary, I consider each of the papers in this special issue in regard to their contribution to a debate on the nature of learning in physical education (PE). I also discuss how we might take this aspiration further by moving beyond a "mere" debate over learning theories to a knowledge building process in which knowledge…

Theory, Observation, and Validation: Commentary on Almond, Kim, Velasquez, & Shute

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Markus, Keith A.

2014-01-01

Keith Marcus congratulates Almond et al. on an interesting article bringing together two topics that are important to the field of testing. He states that some aspects of the exposition came across as not yet fully developed, as if the manuscript had been hurried to press. In this commentary, he attempts to expand aspects of the article, which he…

Commentary on "Childhood Leukemia Survivors and Their Return to School: A Literature Review, Case Study, and Recommendations"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Long, Lori A.

2011-01-01

This is a commentary on the article, "Childhood Leukemia Survivors and Their Return to School: A Literature Review, Case Study, and Recommendations" by D. Scott Hermann, Jill R. Thurber, Kenneth Miles, and Gloria Gilbert in this issue (2011). This article addresses issues related to the compatibility of the suggested practices with contemporary…

77 FR 39547 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Amex LLC; Notice of Designation of a Longer Period for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

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... Proposed Rule Change Amending Commentary .07 to NYSE Amex Options Rule 904 To Eliminate Position Limits for... Act of 1934 (the ``Act'') \\2\\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\\3\\ a proposed rule change to eliminate... side of the market. The proposal would amend Commentary .07 to NYSE Amex Options Rule 904 to eliminate...

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... Amending Commentary .07 to Exchange Rule 904 To Increase the Position and Exercise Limits for Options on... exercise limits for options on the iShares MSCI Emerging Markets Index Fund (``EEM'') to 500,000 contracts... change is to amend Exchange Rule 904, Commentary .07 to increase the position and exercise limits for EEM...

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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

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Commentary: Advancing Measurement of ASD Severity and Social Competence: A Reply to Constantino and Frazier (2013)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hus, Vanessa; Bishop, Somer; Gotham, Katherine; Huerta, Marisela; Lord, Catherine

2013-01-01

The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) is currently being used in clinical and genetic studies of autism as both a screener and as a quantitative measure of autistic traits. This article assesses the influence of nonspecific factors on SRS scores to aid researchers in their interpretations of these scores. In their commentary, Constantino and…

A Study of Industry Best Practices in Ethics Programming: Learning from Exemplary Ethical Organizations to Inspire Moral Courage in the Military

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-12-01

University of Dallas, Thomas K. Lindsay, wrote a commentary entitled: What Does It Profit a Man to Gain an MBA? Business schools must stress ethics and...Surviving, survival of the fittest. Lindsay, Thomas K. 2002. Commentary; what does it profit a man to gain an MBA?; business schools must stress

Varieties and Trends in Music Analysis: A Commentary on the Literature. Technical Note 3-72-14.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fink, Michael

This commentary examines the primary types of music analysis. Although the study focuses mainly upon individual trends and schools of thought, some attention is given to the evolution of ideas within the field. Methodologies are considered in the light of their applicability to individual or classroom analysis by students. From the most…

Reframing Equity under Common Core: A Commentary on the Text Exemplar List for Grades 9-12

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schieble, Melissa

2013-01-01

This article provides a commentary on the text exemplar list for Grade bands 9-12 included in the Common Core documents in the United States. It is argued that a critical literacy perspective supports ELA teachers to assert a professional voice when making complex text selections based on diverse students' needs and interests. Implications…

Commentary on Community-Based Art Studios: Underlying Principles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, Pat B.

2008-01-01

In this commentary, the author discusses the Open Studio Project, which he cofounded in 1995. The community studio, as perceived by the founders, is a place where anything can be expressed as a moment on life's continuum. Believing that meaning in art is renewed in the process of art itself, the project is not conceived at art therapy: there are…

Connecting Informal and Formal Learning Experiences in the Age of Participatory Media: Commentary on Bull et al. (2008)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenhow, Christine

2008-01-01

The recent editorial in this journal by Bull et al. ("Connecting Informal and Formal Learning Experiences in the Age of Participatory Media" Vol 8, Iss 2) discussed the challenges of bridging formal learning practices and informal learning opportunities within the context of today's Web-enhanced world. In this commentary, Christine…

From Theory Use to Theory Building in Learning Analytics: A Commentary on "Learning Analytics to Support Teachers during Synchronous CSCL"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Bodong

2015-01-01

In this commentary on Van Leeuwen (2015, this issue), I explore the relation between theory and practice in learning analytics. Specifically, I caution against adhering to one specific theoretical doctrine while ignoring others, suggest deeper applications of cognitive load theory to understanding teaching with analytics tools, and comment on…

Intelligent Testing with Wechsler’s Fourth Editions: Perspectives on the Weiss et al. Studies and the Eight Commentaries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaufman, Alan S.

2013-01-01

The two featured articles and eight commentaries on the WISC-IV (Wechsler, 2003) and WAIS-IV (Wechsler, 2008) in this special issue of "Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment" are of exceptional quality. As a collective, this special issue greatly advances the field of cognitive assessment by intelligently synthesizing the best of…

77 FR 22365 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

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... either Streaming Quote Traders (``SQTs'') \\4\\, Remote Streaming Quote Traders (``RSQTs'') \\5\\ or non...\\ Prior to the amendment Commentary .01 required that in order for an ROT (other than an RSQT or a Remote... Commentary .13, Options Floor Procedure Advice B- 3 currently requires an ROT (other than an RSQT or a Remote...

Commentary: Persistent Time Estimation Deficits in ADHD? From Developmental Trajectories to Individual Targets for Intervention--Reflections on Doehnert et al. (2013)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holtmann, Martin

2013-01-01

In this commentary, Martin Holtmann, discusses Doehnert and colleagues' article in this issue (Doehnert et al., 2013). Holtmann comments that the article illustrates the value of longitudinal electrophysiological and experimental approaches to disentangle different pathways underlying the phenotype of ADHD, and points out that their…

A Different Curriculum of Preparation for Work: Commentary on Mike Rose, Sara Goldrick-Rab, Kris Gutierrez and Norton Grubb

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Worthen, Helena Harlow

2012-01-01

The January 2012 issue of "Mind, Culture, and Activity" published the Invited Presidential Address "Rethinking Remedial Education and the Academic-Vocational Divide," given by Mike Rose at the 2011 meeting of the American Educational Research Association in New Orleans, along with responses and commentary by Sara Goldrick-Rab, Kris Gutierrez, and…

On Reading and Not Reading Today: A Commentary on L. Borusiak's Article

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dubin, Boris

2012-01-01

In this commentary, the author stresses that reading habits in Russia have changed since the Soviet era, and the more intellectual journals and magazines in particular have lost their importance. Audiences for books and magazines have fragmented, and there are fewer sources of commonly shared information and ideas than was true a few decades ago.…

Where's the Psychology? A Commentary on "Unique Characteristics of Diagnostic Classification Models: A Comprehensive Review of the Current State-of-the-Art"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leighton, Jacqueline P.

2008-01-01

In this commentary, the author asks the analogous question, "where's the psychology?" Not because the authors of the focus article "Unique Characteristics of Diagnostic Classification Models: A Comprehensive Review of the Current State-of-the-Art" have not provided a solid review of the technical aspects of Diagnostic…

Assessment and Collaboration in the Context of the Systematic Design of Blended PBL: A Commentary on An (2013)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edwards, Richard

2014-01-01

In highlighting the importance of problem-based learning in the development of 21st century skills, (Yun Jo) An (2013) identified the challenges faced by novice teachers in its implementation and suggested strategies to support them. This commentary explores two aspects mentioned in the article, assessment and the role of collaboration, and argues…

Who Is the Building Leader?: Commentary on Educational Leadership Preparation Programs for the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mercer, Debbie K.

2016-01-01

In this commentary, the Dean of the Kansas State University College of Education states that the job of a school leader is more complex and more demanding than ever before. As institutions of higher education contemplate the question "Who is the Building Leader?," defining the roles and responsibilities of the school building leader is…

Innovations and Future Directions for Early Numeracy Curriculum-Based Measurement: Commentary on the Special Series, Part 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Methe, Scott A.

2012-01-01

The purpose of this extended commentary article is to frame the set of studies in the first of two issues and recommend areas of inquiry for future research. This special series issue features studies examining the technical qualities of formative assessment procedures that were developed to inform intervention. This article intends to emphasize…

Commentary on "How Task Features Impact Evidence from Assessments Embedded in Simulations and Games" by Almond et al.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Timms, Mike

2014-01-01

In his commentary on "How Task Features Impact Evidence from Assessments Embedded in Simulations and Games" by Almond et al., Mike Timms writes that his own research has involved the use of embedded assessments using simulations in interactive learning environments, and the Evidence Centered Design (ECD) approach has provided a solid…

Commentary--Culture and Attachment During Middle Childhood.

PubMed

Chen, Bin-Bin

2015-01-01

Culture has an important impact on attachment. This commentary highlights three aspects about culture and attachment in middle childhood: (1) the need to have a more sophisticated consideration of the implication of cultural values, (2) the need to incorporate the role of societal or political ecological contexts, and (3) the need to solve the cross-cultural issues in measures. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Methods for reverberation suppression utilizing dual frequency band imaging.

PubMed

Rau, Jochen M; Måsøy, Svein-Erik; Hansen, Rune; Angelsen, Bjørn; Tangen, Thor Andreas

2013-09-01

Reverberations impair the contrast resolution of diagnostic ultrasound images. Tissue harmonic imaging is a common method to reduce these artifacts, but does not remove all reverberations. Dual frequency band imaging (DBI), utilizing a low frequency pulse which manipulates propagation of the high frequency imaging pulse, has been proposed earlier for reverberation suppression. This article adds two different methods for reverberation suppression with DBI: the delay corrected subtraction (DCS) and the first order content weighting (FOCW) method. Both methods utilize the propagation delay of the imaging pulse of two transmissions with alternating manipulation pressure to extract information about its depth of first scattering. FOCW further utilizes this information to estimate the content of first order scattering in the received signal. Initial evaluation is presented where both methods are applied to simulated and in vivo data. Both methods yield visual and measurable substantial improvement in image contrast. Comparing DCS with FOCW, DCS produces sharper images and retains more details while FOCW achieves best suppression levels and, thus, highest image contrast. The measured improvement in contrast ranges from 8 to 27 dB for DCS and from 4 dB up to the dynamic range for FOCW.

Inernational research in health care management: its need in the 21st century, methodological challenges, ethical issues, pitfalls, and practicalities.

PubMed

Buttigieg, Sandra C; Rathert, Cheryl; D'Aunno, Thomas A; Savage, Grant T

2015-01-01

This commentary argues in favor of international research in the 21st century. Advances in technology, science, communication, transport, and infrastructure have transformed the world into a global village. Industries have increasingly adopted globalization strategies. Likewise, the health sector is more internationalized whereby comparisons between diverse health systems, international best practices, international benchmarking, cross-border health care, and cross-cultural issues have become important subjects in the health care literature. The focus has now turned to international, collaborative, cross-national, and cross-cultural research, which is by far more demanding than domestic studies. In this commentary, we explore the methodological challenges, ethical issues, pitfalls, and practicalities within international research and offer possible solutions to address them. The commentary synthesizes contributions from four scholars in the field of health care management, who came together during the annual meeting of the Academy of Management to discuss with members of the Health Care Management Division the challenges of international research. International research is worth pursuing; however, it calls for scholarly attention to key methodological and ethical issues for its success. This commentary addresses salient issues pertaining to international research in one comprehensive account.

Social Mediation of Persuasive Media in Adolescent Substance Prevention

PubMed Central

Crano, William D.; Alvaro, Eusebio M.; Tan, Cara N.; Siegel, Jason T.

2017-01-01

Social commentary about prevention messages may affect their likelihood of acceptance. To investigate this possibility, student participants (N = 663) viewed three anti-marijuana advertisements, each followed immediately by videotaped discussions involving four adults or four adolescents using either extreme or moderate language in their positive commentaries. The commentaries were expected to affect participants’ perceptions of the extent to which the ads were designed to control their behavior (perceived control), which was hypothesized to inhibit persuasion. Two indirect effects analyses were conducted. Marijuana attitudes and usage intentions were the outcome variables. Both analyses revealed statistically significant source by language interactions on participants’ perceived control (both p < .02). Further analyses revealed significant indirect effects of language extremity on attitudes and intentions through perceived control with adult, but not peer sources (both p < .05). These perceptions were associated with more negative marijuana attitudes and diminished usage intentions when adults used moderate (vs. extreme) language in their favorable ad commentaries (both p < .05). The findings may facilitate development of more effective prevention methods that emphasize the importance the role of perceived control in persuasion, and the impact of interpersonal communication variations on acceptance of media-transmitted prevention messages. PMID:28301181

Social mediation of persuasive media in adolescent substance prevention.

PubMed

Crano, William D; Alvaro, Eusebio M; Tan, Cara N; Siegel, Jason T

2017-06-01

Social commentary about prevention messages may affect their likelihood of acceptance. To investigate this possibility, student participants (N = 663) viewed 3 antimarijuana advertisements, each followed immediately by videotaped discussions involving 4 adults or 4 adolescents using either extreme or moderate language in their positive commentaries. The commentaries were expected to affect participants' perceptions of the extent to which the ads were designed to control their behavior (perceived control), which was hypothesized to inhibit persuasion. Two indirect effects analyses were conducted. Marijuana attitudes and usage intentions were the outcome variables. Both analyses revealed statistically significant source by language interactions on participants' perceived control (both p < .02). Further analyses revealed significant indirect effects of language extremity on attitudes and intentions through perceived control with adult, but not peer sources (both p < .05). These perceptions were associated with more negative marijuana attitudes and diminished usage intentions when adults used moderate (vs. extreme) language in their favorable ad commentaries (both p < .05). The findings may facilitate development of more effective prevention methods that emphasize the importance of the role of perceived control in persuasion, and the impact of interpersonal communication variations on acceptance of media-transmitted prevention messages. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Image Information Mining Utilizing Hierarchical Segmentation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tilton, James C.; Marchisio, Giovanni; Koperski, Krzysztof; Datcu, Mihai

2002-01-01

The Hierarchical Segmentation (HSEG) algorithm is an approach for producing high quality, hierarchically related image segmentations. The VisiMine image information mining system utilizes clustering and segmentation algorithms for reducing visual information in multispectral images to a manageable size. The project discussed herein seeks to enhance the VisiMine system through incorporating hierarchical segmentations from HSEG into the VisiMine system.

More Declassified Evidence Implicates CIA Physicians in Unethical Research.

PubMed

Llanusa-Cestero, Renée

2017-01-01

In 2010, in an article in this journal, I argued that declassified documents implicated Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) physicians in the conduct of unethical research on enhanced interrogation using detainee subjects. The focus, then as now, is upon physicians at the Office of Medical Services (OMS). The 2010 article highlighted the heavily redacted "Draft OMS Guidelines on Medical and Psychological Support to Detainee Interrogations" (the Draft). This commentary focuses upon the recently declassified final version of that document revealing further culpable evidence of unethical human subject research. The commentary locates that unethical research in historical context and the development of the Nuremberg Code. The commentary also locates enhanced interrogation in contemporary political context and considers how to hold OMS physicians accountable for the conduct of unethical human research using detainee subjects.

Community, Public Policy, and Recovery from Mental Illness: Emerging Research and Initiatives.

PubMed

Castillo, Enrico G; Chung, Bowen; Bromley, Elizabeth; Kataoka, Sheryl H; Braslow, Joel T; Essock, Susan M; Young, Alexander S; Greenberg, Jared M; Miranda, Jeanne; Dixon, Lisa B; Wells, Kenneth B

This commentary examines the roles that communities and public policies play in the definition and processes of recovery for adults with mental illness. Policy, clinical, and consumer definitions of recovery are reviewed, which highlight the importance of communities and policies for recovery. This commentary then presents a framework for the relationships between community-level factors, policies, and downstream mental health outcomes, focusing on macroeconomic, housing, and health care policies; adverse exposures such as crime victimization; and neighborhood characteristics such as social capital. Initiatives that address community contexts to improve mental health outcomes are currently under way. Common characteristics of such initiatives and select examples are discussed. This commentary concludes with a discussion of providers', consumers', and other stakeholders' roles in shaping policy reform and community change to facilitate recovery.

Non-Invasive Imaging of In Vivo Breast Cancer Tissue Utilizing Metabolically Incorporated Unnatural Sugars

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-08-01

or misdiagnosed (4). Therefore, much effort is now directed toward developing alternative breast cancer detection technologies that exploit the...AD Award Number: DAMD17-03-1-0548 TITLE: Non-Invasive Imaging of In Vivo Breast Cancer Tissue Utilizing Metabolically Incorporated Unnatrual Sugars...5. FUNDING NUMBERS Non-Invasive Imaging of In Vivo Breast Cancer Tissue DAMD17-03-1-0548 Utilizing Metabolically Incorporated Unnatrual Sugars 6. A

Science and Technology Review March 2006

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aufderheide, M B

2006-01-18

This month's issue has the following articles: (1) Without Fanfare, Technicians Safely Keep the Laboratory Humming--Commentary by Bruce T. Goodwin; (2) These People Make Things Happen--Technicians at Lawrence Livermore, comprising more than 20 percent of the workforce, are essential to research efforts. March 2006; (3) The Shocking Truth about Detonations and Metals--The multichannel x-ray system Hydra records the changes in metals undergoing a high-explosives shock, revealing phenomena not predicted by material models; (4) Floating into Thin Air--High-flying balloon gathers images from x-ray sources that are out of this world; and (5) Carbon Goes Full Cycle in the Amazon--Recent measurements indicatemore » that the Amazon River basin returns carbon to the atmosphere in only 5 years.« less

Medical Archives and Digital Culture

PubMed Central

Biernoff, Suzannah

2012-01-01

When BioShock was released in 2007, reviewers praised the moral complexities of the narrative and the game's dystopian vision of what Ayn Rand dubbed the “virtue of selfishness”. What critics overlooked was the extent to which the disturbingly realistic artwork and musical score relied on found images and sound, including a recording of distressed breathing from a physician's website, and digitised First World War medical photographs of soldiers with facial injuries. This article examines the implications of these acts of appropriation from a range of critical perspectives including Susan Sontag's commentary on the representation of suffering; recent literature on the ethics of computer games; and an online discussion forum in which players of BioShock discuss the moral “grey areas” of the game. PMID:27152120

Boomerang families and failure-to-launch: Commentary on adult children living at home.

PubMed

Burn, Katherine; Szoeke, Cassandra

2016-01-01

With a shifting economic climate and changes in social norms, young adults are increasingly reported to be living with their parents, either through delayed launch or by launch and return. For young adults grappling with financial and domestic independence, the family home can represent a safe haven; however, living with parents can also pose a threat to autonomy and self-image as they strive for adult status. Parents, on the other hand, are often beleaguered by the economic and emotional demands of their dependent adult children and struggle to maintain their own independence. The roles and expectations of both parties need to be redefined in order to achieve optimal household functioning. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

D3: A Collaborative Infrastructure for Aerospace Design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Walton, Joan; Filman, Robert E.; Knight, Chris; Korsmeyer, David J.; Lee, Diana D.; Clancy, Daniel (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

DARWIN is a NASA developed, Internet-based system for enabling aerospace researchers to securely and remotely access and collaborate on the analysis of aerospace vehicle design data, primarily the results of wind-tunnel testing and numeric (e.g., computational fluid dynamics) model executions. DARWIN captures, stores and indexes data, manages derived knowledge (such as visualizations across multiple data sets) and provides an environment for designers to collaborate in the analysis of the results of testing. DARWIN is an interesting application because it supports high volumes of data, integrates multiple modalities of data display (e.g. images and data visualizations), and provides non-trivial access control mechanisms. DARWIN enables collaboration by allowing not only sharing visualizations of data, but also commentary about and view of data.

Engineering design criteria for an image intensifier/image converter camera

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sharpsteen, J. T.; Lund, D. L.; Stoap, L. J.; Solheim, C. D.

1976-01-01

The design, display, and evaluation of an image intensifier/image converter camera which can be utilized in various requirements of spaceshuttle experiments are described. An image intensifier tube was utilized in combination with two brassboards as power supply and used for evaluation of night photography in the field. Pictures were obtained showing field details which would have been undistinguishable to the naked eye or to an ordinary camera.

Span graphics display utilities handbook, first edition

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gallagher, D. L.; Green, J. L.; Newman, R.

1985-01-01

The Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) is a computer network connecting scientific institutions throughout the United States. This network provides an avenue for timely, correlative research between investigators, in a multidisciplinary approach to space physics studies. An objective in the development of SPAN is to make available direct and simplified procedures that scientists can use, without specialized training, to exchange information over the network. Information exchanges include raw and processes data, analysis programs, correspondence, documents, and graphite images. This handbook details procedures that can be used to exchange graphic images over SPAN. The intent is to periodically update this handbook to reflect the constantly changing facilities available on SPAN. The utilities described within reflect an earnest attempt to provide useful descriptions of working utilities that can be used to transfer graphic images across the network. Whether graphic images are representative of satellite servations or theoretical modeling and whether graphics images are of device dependent or independent type, the SPAN graphics display utilities handbook will be the users guide to graphic image exchange.

Advanced diagnostic imaging in privately insured patients: recent trends in utilization and payments.

PubMed

Horný, Michal; Burgess, James F; Horwitt, Jedediah; Cohen, Alan B

2014-07-01

Recent studies have reported that the rate of growth in utilization of noninvasive diagnostic imaging has slowed, with a concomitant reduction in total payments to providers in the Medicare Part B fee-for-service population. Utilization and payment growth trends in commercially insured populations, however, are not as well understood. We used the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters database containing more than 29 million individuals to investigate commercially insured population trends in utilization of and payments for CT, MRI, PET, and ultrasound procedures in the years 2007-2011. We found that imaging use--after a brief downturn in 2010--rose again in 2011, coupled with substantial increases in adjusted payments for all four imaging modalities, raising concerns about future efforts to stem growth in imaging use and associated spending. Copyright © 2014 American College of Radiology. All rights reserved.

What Explains Consciousness? Or…What Consciousness Explains?

PubMed Central

Dulany, Donelson E.

2014-01-01

In this invited commentary I focus on the topic addressed in three papers: De Sousa's (2013[1617]) Toward an Integrative Theory of Consciousness, a monograph with Parts 1 & 2, as well as commentaries by Pereira (2013a[59]) and Hirstein (2013[42]). All three are impressively scholarly and can stand—and shout—on their own. But theory of consciousness? My aim is to slice that topic into the two fundamentally different kinds of theories of consciousness, say what appears to be an ideology, out of behaviourism into cognitivism, now also influencing the quest for an “explanation of consciousness” in cognitive neuroscience. I will then say what can be expected given what we know of the complexity of brain structure, the richness of a conscious “vocabulary”, and current technological limits of brain imaging. This will then turn to the strategy for examining “what consciousness explains”—metatheory, theories, mappings, and a methodology of competitive support, a methodology especially important where there are competing commitments. There are also increasingly common identifications of methodological bias in, along with failures to replicate, studies reporting unconscious controls in decision, social priming—as there have been in perception, learning, problem solving, etc. The literature critique has provided evidence taken as reducing, and in some cases eliminating, a role for conscious controls—a position consistent with that ideology out of behaviourism into cognitivism. It is an ideological position that fails to recognize the fundamental distinction between theoretical and metaphysical assertions. PMID:24891796

Civic-Political Engagement: Developmental Science Comes of Age. Commentary on the Thematic Issue "The Development of Civic Engagement: Results from Longitudinal Studies"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Youniss, James

2014-01-01

In this commentary, the author states that a major step in bringing developmental studies into correspondence with other disciplines that give civic and political engagement central importance has taken place. The projects reported in this issue represent an important historical development within the discipline of developmental studies. Seen is a…

Commentary on ‘propofol versus thiopental sodium for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus—still no answer’.

PubMed

Buchhalter, Jeffrey; Stang, Antonia

2013-07-01

This is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as:Prabhakar H, Bindra A, Singh GP, Kalaivani M. Propofol versus thiopental sodium for the treatment ofrefractory status epilepticus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 8. Art. No.: CD009202.DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009202.pub2.

What You Don't Look For, You Won't Find: A Commentary on Card and Giuliano's Examination of Universal Screening

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McBee, Matthew T.

2016-01-01

Card and Giuliano's National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) working paper on universal screening is discussed. This commentary provides a brief summary and critique of the article, proposes an explanation of the results in light of the author's research on the role of nominations or screening tests in the gifted identification process, and…

Mother-Blaming in the Shadow of Incest: Commentary on "Motherhood in the Shadow of Incest" by Rachel Lev-Wiesel

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Faller, Kathleen Coulborn

2007-01-01

This commentary on "Motherhood in the Shadow of Incest" by Rachel Lev-Wiesel, is divided into three sections. In the first section, this author addresses the issue of the role of mothers in incest. Faller contends that, with regard to research findings on the role of mothers' own sexual victimization in her child's experience, previous research…

When School Is Out, Museums, Parks and Libraries Are In. Out-of-School Time Policy Commentary #9

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yohalem, Nicole; Wilson-Ahlstrom, Alicia

2005-01-01

Parks, libraries, museums and other cultural organizations represent a diverse array of assets and share a broad mission to serve their communities, however, some may not realize the roles that these institutions can and do play in supporting young people during out-of-school time hours. This issue of the "Out-of-School Time Policy Commentary"…

Deep Change: Cases and Commentary on Schools and Programs of Successful Reform in High Stakes States. Research in Curriculum and Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ponder, Gerald, Ed.; Strahan, David, Ed.

2005-01-01

This book presents cases of schools (Part One) and programs at the district level and beyond (Part Two) in which reform, while driven by high-stakes accountability, became larger and deeper through data-driven dialogue, culture change, organizational learning, and other elements of high performing cultures. Commentaries on cross-case patterns by…

Participation during Out-of-School Time: Taking a Closer Look. Out-of-School Time Policy Commentary #6

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yohalem, Nicole; Wilson-Ahlstrom, Alicia; Pittman, Karen

2004-01-01

This commentary examines the issue of youth participation in out-of-school time programs from two perspectives. It begins broadly with a youth-centered lens, by asking how children and youth spend their discretionary time and how time use patterns relate to outcomes. After painting a picture of the full out-of-school time landscape, this…

The Meaning of Goodness-of-Fit Tests: Commentary on "Goodness-of-Fit Assessment of Item Response Theory Models"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thissen, David

2013-01-01

In this commentary, David Thissen states that "Goodness-of-fit assessment for IRT models is maturing; it has come a long way from zero." Thissen then references prior works on "goodness of fit" in the index of Lord and Novick's (1968) classic text; Yen (1984); Drasgow, Levine, Tsien, Williams, and Mead (1995); Chen and…

Applying Motivational Interviewing to School-Based Consultation: A Commentary on "Has Consultation Achieved Its Primary Prevention Potential?," an Article by Joseph E. Zins

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blom-Hoffman, Jessica; Rose, Gary S.

2007-01-01

Despite a decade of advances since Zins' 1995 article on prevention, much work lies ahead to make prevention everyday consultation activities for school psychologists. To foster prevention efforts, this commentary discusses how motivational interviewing in school-based consultation (a) might peak consultees' initial interest in change, and (b)…

The Progress of Nations: The Nations of the World Ranked According to Their Achievements in Child Health, Nutrition, Education, Family Planning, and Progress for Women, 1994.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adamson, Peter, Ed.

1994-01-01

This report brings together the latest available statistics to record national achievements in child survival, health, nutrition, education, family planning, and progress for women. Each section contains a commentary and a presentation of related statistics. The commentaries of the report are: (1) Introduction, "One Small Step for a…

Assessing Women's Negative Commentary on Their Own Bodies: A Psychometric Investigation of the Negative Body Talk Scale

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engeln-Maddox, Renee; Salk, Rachel H.; Miller, Steven A.

2012-01-01

Our article details the development of the self-report Negative Body Talk (NBT) scale and five studies (all conducted with samples of U.S. undergraduate women) supporting the psychometric soundness of scores on this measure. The NBT scale measures women's tendency to engage in negatively valenced commentary about the weight and shape of their own…

Is "Economia Aziendale" Research Programme "Fit for Purpose"? A Commentary on "Contextualizing the Intermediate Financial Accounting Courses in the Global Financial Crisis"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Galassi, Giuseppe

2011-01-01

In his commentary, from the perspective of a professor who has spent a lifetime in a highly vocational scientific field like accounting and business economics, Giuseppe Galassi puts forth an alternate proposal to the one suggested in Bloom and Webinger's (2011) article. Bloom and Webinger suggest that disciplines, including management, economics,…

Developmental Systems Theory and the Person-Oriented Approach. Commentary on: "An Interpretation of Part of Gilbert Gottlieb's Legacy: Developmental Systems Theory Contra Developmental Behavior Genetics"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bergman, Lars R.

2015-01-01

Molenaar's (2015) article concerns Developmental Systems Theory (DST) in relation to behavior genetics and he presents implications of DST for empirical research, especially the need for subject-specific studies. In this commentary, the article is discussed from a broader developmental science perspective, particularly regarded through the lens of…

Invited Commentary: Participatory Action Research Meets the Emic, the Etic, and Program Evaluation: A Response to Vaughn et al. and Fox et al.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Singer, George H. S.

1997-01-01

This commentary discusses the limitations of traditional research and the benefits of participatory action research (PAR) that changes the stance of the researcher from dispassionate observer to that of friend, ally, and colleague of the "subject". The use of PAR in helping researchers, parents, and advocates work together in promoting…

Incorporating Human Rights into the Sustainability Agenda: A Commentary on "Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights and Business Schools' Responsibility to Teach It"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrew, Jane

2013-01-01

In her commentary of McPhail's 2013 article "Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights and Business Schools' Responsibility to Teach It: Incorporating Human Rights into the Sustainability Agenda," Jane Andrew begins by highlighting a number of McPhail's primary arguments. She points out that McPhail sets out to achieve two things…

Do Polish Higher School Students Prefer Speaking in Person, Listening, Reading or Writing during EFL classes? A Brief Commentary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Butler, Norman L.; Davidson, Barry S.; Mroz, Liliana; Brown, Veda E.; Griffith, Kimberly Grantham; Kritsonis, Willam Allen

2007-01-01

The purpose of this brief commentary is to determine which language skill Polish higher school learners think ought to be practiced most frequently during EFL classes. Twenty-seven male and female undergraduate students who study at AGH University of Science and Technology, Poland were surveyed, and the authors found that most learners (70%)…

Psychological and Ethical Considerations Concerning the Debreather and Assisted Suicide: A Commentary on Ogden

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kleespies, Phillip M.

2010-01-01

This article offers a commentary on the report by Russel Ogden (2010/this issue) on the use of the "debreather" for suicide assistance by the NuTech (or New Technologies for Self-Deliverance) program. The emergence of NuTech is set within its historical and political context. Nu Tech is criticized for its anarchic and extreme advocacy of…

A Commentary on "The Role of the Unit in Physics and Psychometrics" by Stephen Humphry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrich, David

2011-01-01

This commentary examines the role of the unit from the perspective of the definition of measurement in physics as the ratio of two magnitudes, one of which is defined as the unit; it is an important and timely contribution to measurement in the social sciences. There are many different points that could be commented upon, but the author will…

Fluency, Phonology and Morphology: A Response to the Commentaries on Becoming Literate in Different Languages

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goswami, Usha; Ziegler, Johannes C.

2006-01-01

We are delighted at the range of issues raised in the commentaries. The breadth and scope of these serve to make obvious the need for an effective evidence base across languages if we are to optimize the teaching of reading. Our psycholinguistic grain size theory clearly did not pay sufficient attention to the role of morphology in decoding, nor…

Mathematics for Junior High School. Commentary for Teachers. Volume II (Part 2).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, R. D.; And Others

This is part two of a two-part manual for teachers using SMSG junior high school text materials. A chapter-by-chapter commentary on the text is given as well as answers to all the exercises; a few chapters contain sample text questions. Chapter topics include: (1) real numbers; (2) similar triangles; (3) variation; (4) non-metric polyhedrons; (5)…

Commentary: So Was It Worth It? a Commentary on Fricke Et Al. and Hagen Et Al. (2017)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCartney, Elspeth

2017-01-01

Fricke et al. and Hagen et al. (2017) each report on large-scale pragmatic randomised controlled trials delivered in schools or nurseries, investigating language interventions for vulnerable children and showing moderate positive effect sizes. Such research is part of a recent development of 'what works' research in England, and the number of…

Response to Nadler's Commentary on Arch and Craske's (2011) "Addressing Relapse in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Panic Disorder: Methods for Optimizing Long-Term Treatment Outcomes"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arch, Joanna J.; Craske, Michelle G.

2012-01-01

Nadler (this issue), in his commentary of our article, "Addressing Relapse in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Panic Disorder: Methods for Optimizing Long-Term Treatment Outcomes" (Arch & Craske, 2011), argues that we misrepresent the role of panic attacks within learning theory and overlook cognitive treatment targets. He presents several case…

JPRS Report Environmental Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-11-21

Janeiro O GLOBO 4 NovJ 8 Malaysian Commentary Scores EC Plan To Ban Tropical Hardwood Imports [Kuala Lumpur International 6 Nov] 8 Danish Support...Sought in Defending Malaysian Timber Policies [Kuala Lumpur International 7 NovJ 9 German-Indian Arabian Sea Atmospheric Project Findings Announced...an appeal against Judge Wanderley’s decision, thereby allowing the U.S. submarine to remain in Brazilian waters. Malaysian Commentary Scores EC Plan

On the Significance of Conceptual Metaphors in Teaching and Learning Science: Commentary on Lancor; Niebert and Gropengiesser; and Fuchs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Treagust, David F.; Duit, Reinders

2015-01-01

The role of analogies and metaphors has played a significant part in the work on teaching and learning science. This commentary discusses three papers from this current issue that cover a wide range of studies in the spirit of conceptual metaphors--ranging from a study somewhat similar to "classical" conceptual change, to a teacher…

Timeless and Timely Advice: A Commentary on "Consultation to Facilitate Planned Organizational Change in Schools," an Article by Joseph E. Zins and Robert J. Illback

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hazel, Cynthia E.

2007-01-01

This commentary on Zins and Illback's (1995) article, Consultation to Facilitate Planned Organizational Change in Schools, argues that the authors provided a solid foundation for well-planned, proactive, sustainable, internally-driven systemic change in schools that has yet to be widely realized. Their school organizational change model and more…

The Condition of American Liberal Education: Pragmatism and a Changing Tradition. An Essay with Commentaries and Responses.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimball, Bruce A.; Orrill, Robert, Ed.

This book presents an essay on U.S. liberal education and 24 commentaries on it. The essay, "Toward Pragmatic Liberal Education" by Bruce A. Kimball suggests that a consensus is emerging in reform efforts that a new and distinctly American version of liberal education is emerging which owes much to the current resurgence of American…

The Need for Instructional Sensitivity and Construct Clarity in Pact: A Commentary on "Examining the Internal Structure Evidence for the Performance Assessment for California Teachers"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilkerson, Judy R.

2015-01-01

This commentary on the article titled "Examining the Internal Structure Evidence for the Performance Assessment for California Teachers: A Validation Study of the Elementary Literacy Teaching Event for Tier 1 Teacher Licensure" provides an overview of Performance Assessment for California Teachers (PACT), its relationship to edTPA and…

Commentary on Intensive Interventions: What Are the Limits of Highly Structured Curriculum for At-Risk Students?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woodward, John

2016-01-01

In this commentary, John Woodward observes that, when judged collectively, the pre-K to Grade 4 research in this special section not only exemplifies the effects of the Institute of Education Sciences' emphasis on large-scale empirical studies over the last decade, but it also demonstrates how the field of special education has moved away from a…

Fpack and Funpack Utilities for FITS Image Compression and Uncompression

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pence, W.

2008-01-01

Fpack is a utility program for optimally compressing images in the FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) data format (see http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov). The associated funpack program restores the compressed image file back to its original state (as long as a lossless compression algorithm is used). These programs may be run from the host operating system command line and are analogous to the gzip and gunzip utility programs except that they are optimized for FITS format images and offer a wider choice of compression algorithms. Fpack stores the compressed image using the FITS tiled image compression convention (see http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/fits_registry.html). Under this convention, the image is first divided into a user-configurable grid of rectangular tiles, and then each tile is individually compressed and stored in a variable-length array column in a FITS binary table. By default, fpack usually adopts a row-by-row tiling pattern. The FITS image header keywords remain uncompressed for fast access by FITS reading and writing software. The tiled image compression convention can in principle support any number of different compression algorithms. The fpack and funpack utilities call on routines in the CFITSIO library (http://hesarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsio) to perform the actual compression and uncompression of the FITS images, which currently supports the GZIP, Rice, H-compress, and PLIO IRAF pixel list compression algorithms.

Changing Utilization of Noninvasive Diagnostic Imaging Over 2 Decades: An Examination Family-Focused Analysis of Medicare Claims Using the Neiman Imaging Types of Service Categorization System.

PubMed

Rosman, David A; Duszak, Richard; Wang, Wenyi; Hughes, Danny R; Rosenkrantz, Andrew B

2018-02-01

The objective of our study was to use a new modality and body region categorization system to assess changing utilization of noninvasive diagnostic imaging in the Medicare fee-for-service population over a recent 20-year period (1994-2013). All Medicare Part B Physician Fee Schedule services billed between 1994 and 2013 were identified using Physician/Supplier Procedure Summary master files. Billed codes for diagnostic imaging were classified using the Neiman Imaging Types of Service (NITOS) coding system by both modality and body region. Utilization rates per 1000 beneficiaries were calculated for families of services. Among all diagnostic imaging modalities, growth was greatest for MRI (+312%) and CT (+151%) and was lower for ultrasound, nuclear medicine, and radiography and fluoroscopy (range, +1% to +31%). Among body regions, service growth was greatest for brain (+126%) and spine (+74%) imaging; showed milder growth (range, +18% to +67%) for imaging of the head and neck, breast, abdomen and pelvis, and extremity; and showed slight declines (range, -2% to -7%) for cardiac and chest imaging overall. The following specific imaging service families showed massive (> +100%) growth: cardiac CT, cardiac MRI, and breast MRI. NITOS categorization permits identification of temporal shifts in noninvasive diagnostic imaging by specific modality- and region-focused families, providing a granular understanding and reproducible analysis of global changes in imaging overall. Service family-level perspectives may help inform ongoing policy efforts to optimize imaging utilization and appropriateness.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever: 'starry sky' appearance with diffusion-weighted imaging in a child.

PubMed

Crapp, Seth; Harrar, Dana; Strother, Megan; Wushensky, Curtis; Pruthi, Sumit

2012-04-01

We present a case of Rocky Mountain spotted fever encephalitis in a child imaged utilizing diffusion-weighted MRI. Although the imaging and clinical manifestations of this entity have been previously described, a review of the literature did not reveal any such cases reported in children utilizing diffusion-weighted imaging. The imaging findings and clinical history are presented as well as a brief review of this disease.

Beyond space and across time: non-finalized dialogue about science and religion discourse

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hsu, Pei-Ling

2010-03-01

This commentary dialogues with three articles that analyze the same database about science and religion discourse produced 17 years ago. Dialogues in these three articles and this commentary across space and time allow us to develop new and different understandings of the same database and situation. As part of this commentary, I discuss topics approached in the three articles including the collective nature of discourses, emotion, and constructivist view on learning. I draw on three essential concepts of the dialogical nature of utterance, the emotional-volitional tone and internally persuasive discourse informed by Bakhtin's dialogism. In particular, I conclude that Bakhtin's dialogism not only invites us to understand science learning discourse in a more holistic way but also encourages us to open up dialogues between science and religion that often are considered to be two hostile opponents.

A Reply to the Commentaries on "School-wide PBIS: An Example of Applied Behavior Analysis Implemented at a Scale of Social Importance" by Horner and Sugai (2015): PBIS is Function over Form: The Clear Behavioral Roots and Opportunities the PBIS Framework presents to the Field of Behavior Analysis Moving Forward.

PubMed

Putnam, Robert F; Knoster, Tim

2016-03-01

In the previous issue of Behavior Analysis in Practice (May 2015), a special section of the journal was devoted to positive behavior intervention and support (PBIS). Horner and Sugai (2015) published a manuscript providing an overview of school-wide PBIS describing how PBIS is an example of applied behavior analysis at a scale of social importance. A number of manuscripts providing commentary on the Horner and Sugai manuscript were also published in this special section of the journal. This paper will review this PBIS manuscript along with the associated commentaries published in the May 2015 special section.

Effects of distraction on memory and cognition: a commentary.

PubMed

Craik, Fergus I M

2014-01-01

This commentary is a review of the findings and ideas reported in the preceding nine articles on the effects of distraction on aspects of cognitive performance. The articles themselves deal with the disruptive effects of distraction on recall of words, objects and events, also on visual processing, category formation and other cognitive tasks. The commentary assesses the part played by "domain-general" suppression of distracting information and the "domain-specific" competition arising when tasks and distraction involve very similar material. Some forms of distraction are meaningfully relevant to the ongoing task, and Treisman's (1964) model of selective attention is invoked to provide an account of findings in this area. Finally, individual differences to vulnerability to distraction are discussed; older adults are particularly affected by distracting stimuli although the failure to repress distraction can sometimes prove beneficial to later cognitive performance.

Compact reflective imaging spectrometer utilizing immersed gratings

DOEpatents

Chrisp, Michael P [Danville, CA

2006-05-09

A compact imaging spectrometer comprising an entrance slit for directing light, a first mirror that receives said light and reflects said light, an immersive diffraction grating that diffracts said light, a second mirror that focuses said light, and a detector array that receives said focused light. The compact imaging spectrometer can be utilized for remote sensing imaging spectrometers where size and weight are of primary importance.

Self-referral of imaging and increased utilization: some practical perspectives on tackling the dilemma.

PubMed

Romano, Donald H

2009-11-01

Health care costs are higher in the United States than in any other country in the world, and imaging services have been growing much more rapidly than other services. Studies have shown a tendency for increased utilization of services, including imaging services, when referring physicians have ownership interest in the services. In recent years, the CMS has taken some action with respect to how it pays for imaging, including reducing physician payments when multiple images are taken on contiguous body parts during the same visit, establishing a cap on payments for certain imaging services, and imposing an antimarkup rule on diagnostic tests. In addition, CMS has made some changes to the Stark rules, which included adding nuclear medicine to the list of designated health services, prohibiting certain per-service or per-click leasing arrangements, and prohibiting physicians from owning entities that sell services to providers that then bill for them under arrangements. Because it is unclear whether these policy changes will have much effect on imaging utilization, CMS will continue to seek new ways to rein in utilization. In the near future, CMS and the US Department of Health and Human Services are likely to attempt to curb utilization not only through postpayment review and education but also through its various initiatives on improving the quality of services furnished to Medicare benificiaries.

A Vygotskian Approach to Heterogeneous Communication and Multi/Cultural Literacy: Commentary on David Kellogg's "Taking Uptaking up, or, a Deconstructionist "Ontology of Difference" and a Developmental One"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hwang, SungWon

2009-01-01

In this commentary, I review Kellogg's comments on a recent editorial in the journal "Mind, Culture, and Activity" (Roth, 2008). Concerning Kellogg's code-switching model for learning language, I present and exemplify a dialectic problem of multi/cultural literacy: the first articulation that crosses the boundaries of cultures and languages…

War Within Man: A Psychological Enquiry Into The Roots of Destructiveness. A Study and Commentary in the Beyond Deterrence Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fromm, Erich

The major portion of the essay explores the psychological aspects of war within man and is followed by six different commentaries on Dr. Fromm's work. Divided into three parts, the essay first examines the nature of man to determine the goodness vs. evilness of man. Two basic personality types are identified: The necrophile, a destruction,…

Rebuttal to Nelson et al. 'Response to Bodin and Grote regarding postdoctoral recruitment in clinical neuropsychology'.

PubMed

Bodin, Doug; Grote, Christopher L

2016-07-01

Nelson et al. provided a response to our commentary on the postdoctoral match in clinical neuropsychology. In this brief rebuttal, we will focus on statements from Nelson et al. that we believe are factual inaccuracies or misunderstandings of some of the points we made in our commentary. In addition, we will comment briefly on the proposed guidelines offered in their response.

Similar Findings, Different Interpretations: A Response to the Commentary by Bootsma et al. (2010)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Soest, A. J.; Beek, Peter J.

2010-01-01

In this paper, we respond to the commentary by R. J. Bootsma, L. Fernandez, A. H. P. Morice, and G. Montagne (2010) concerning our original study on the role of vision during the execution of fast interceptive actions (A. J. van Soest, L. J. R. Casius, W. de Kok, M. Krijger, M. Meeder, and P. J. Beek, 2010), that was inspired by the seminal study…

Aging: commentary. Change in perceptions of personality disorder in late life: the view from socioemotional aging.

PubMed

Isaacowitz, Derek M

2014-02-01

Cooper, Balsis, and Oltmanns (2014) present evidence that older adults view changes in their own levels of personality disorders, but that their informants do not report such positive changes. In this commentary, the author considers these provocative findings in light of current theory and research from socioemotional aging on emotion-cognition links and how they might vary as a function of age.

Important Evidence Highlights the Meaning of Teacher-Child Relationships for Child Development. Commentary on: "Formations of Attachment Relationships towards Teachers Lead to Conclusions for Public Child Care"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sagi-Schwartz, Abraham

2016-01-01

In this commentary, Sagi-Schwartz evaluates the article by Beckh and Becker-Stoll (2016) on attachment relationships with non-parental caregivers and how it may contribute to public child care. Beckh and Becker-Stoll first describe important background about research on early parent-child relationships, and how their nature and quality might…

Promising Directions in School-Based Systems Level Consultation: A Commentary on "Has Consultation Achieved Its Primary Prevention Potential?," an Article by Joseph E. Zins

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hojnoski, Robin L.

2007-01-01

From his review of research on consultation, Zins (1995) concluded (a) that a paradigm shift to a more prevention-oriented approach was necessary; (b) that systems-level consultation held significant potential; and (c) that systems-level consultation had the most data to support its use in preventive efforts. This commentary reviews promising…

Reframing Research on Informal Teaching and Learning in Science: Comments and Commentary at the Heart of a New Vision for the Field

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rahm, Jrène

2014-01-01

Informal science education is a broad field of research marked by fuzzy boundaries, tensions, and muddles among many disciplines, making for an unclear future trajectory (or trajectories) for the field of study. In this commentary, I unpack some of the hidden dimensions, tensions and challenges the five articles raise or point to implicitly in…