Behavioral Criteria in Research and the Study of Racism: Performing the Jackal Function (Final Report).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hilliard, Asa G.; And Others

This report describes the methodology and results of a study of racist attitudes and behaviors. The introduction provides the background and states difficulties due to funding and time constraints. Research and data collection procedures are delineated in the second section. In section 3, results are presented in tabular form, and intercoder…

The Single Needle Lockstitch Machine. [Setting Zippers.] Module 8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

South Carolina State Dept. of Education, Columbia. Office of Vocational Education.

This module on setting zippers, one in a series on the single needle lockstitch sewing machine for student self-study, contains five sections. Each section includes the following parts: an introduction, directions, an objective, learning activities, student information, student self-check, check-out activities, and an instructor's final checklist.…

Basic nonlinear acoustics: an introduction for radiological physicists.

PubMed

Harpen, Michael D

2006-09-01

Presented is a brief introduction to nonlinear acoustics, a topic of increasing importance in modern diagnostic ultrasound. Specifically treated is shock wave and harmonic production in lossless media. We also present a description of linear attenuation mechanisms in soft tissue and finally nonlinear propagation in soft tissue.

76 FR 39231 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-53; Introduction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-05

... National Aeronautics and Space Administration 48 CFR Chapter 1 Federal Acquisition Regulation; Final Rules... ADMINISTRATION 48 CFR Chapter 1 [Docket FAR 2011-0076, Sequence 5] Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-53; Introduction AGENCIES: Department of Defense (DoD), General Services...

A Clifford analysis approach to superspace

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bie, H. de; Sommen, F.

A new framework for studying superspace is given, based on methods from Clifford analysis. This leads to the introduction of both orthogonal and symplectic Clifford algebra generators, allowing for an easy and canonical introduction of a super-Dirac operator, a super-Laplace operator and the like. This framework is then used to define a super-Hodge coderivative, which, together with the exterior derivative, factorizes the Laplace operator. Finally both the cohomology of the exterior derivative and the homology of the Hodge operator on the level of polynomial-valued super-differential forms are studied. This leads to some interesting graphical representations and provides a better insightmore » in the definition of the Berezin-integral.« less

New Technology and the Public Library. Final Report and Executive Summary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griffiths, Jose-Marie; King, Donald W.

This report presents current and potential library applications of new technologies, issues surrounding their introduction into public libraries, and activities suggested for use during the introduction procedure. A brief appraisal of the public library's role in the information transfer process precedes a review of library automation in…

An introduction to Lie group integrators – basics, new developments and applications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Celledoni, Elena, E-mail: elenac@math.ntnu.no; Marthinsen, Håkon, E-mail: hakonm@math.ntnu.no; Owren, Brynjulf, E-mail: bryn@math.ntnu.no

2014-01-15

We give a short and elementary introduction to Lie group methods. A selection of applications of Lie group integrators are discussed. Finally, a family of symplectic integrators on cotangent bundles of Lie groups is presented and the notion of discrete gradient methods is generalised to Lie groups.

Infectious disease at gluten introduction and risk of childhood diabetes mellitus.

PubMed

Welander, Adina; Montgomery, Scott M; Ludvigsson, Johnny; Ludvigsson, Jonas F

2014-08-01

To investigate the risk of future diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1D) in children who suffered from infection at time of gluten introduction. Population-based prospective study. Parents filled out a diary at home. We hereby obtained data on date of gluten introduction, breastfeeding duration, and infections in 9414 children born in the southeast of Sweden from October 1, 1997, through October 1, 1999 (the All Babies in Southeast Sweden cohort). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the risk of future T1D until February 1, 2012, among children with infection at time of gluten introduction. Forty-six children (0.5%) developed T1D and were compared with 9368 reference children from the general population. Some 10 of 46 children with later T1D had an infection at time of gluten introduction (22%) compared with 2520 reference children (27%, P=.43). Later T1D was not associated with age at end of breastfeeding, age at any infection, or age at gluten introduction. Breastfeeding at time of gluten introduction was not protective against future T1D (hazard ratio 1.2; 95% CI, 0.5-2.7). In our final model, when we adjusted for age at gluten introduction, age at infection, and breastfeeding duration, infection at time of gluten introduction did not influence the risk of future T1D (hazard ratio 0.8; 95% CI, 0.3-1.6). Infection at time of gluten introduction is not a major risk factor for future T1D in nonselected children. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

What Are Extraordinary Gifted Children like (Equal to or above 189 IQ)? A Study of 10 Cases

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mate, Yolanda Benito

2009-01-01

After a short introduction about previous studies on extraordinarily gifted children with an IQ of over 170, this article refers to the descriptive characteristics of ten children with IQ of over 189. After this, the developmental and learning characteristics of these children are described and finally empirical research about aspects that…

Mathematics and Science Choice Following Introduction of Compulsory Study Profiles into Dutch Secondary Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Langen, Annemarie; Rekers-Mombarg, Lyset; Dekkers, Hetty

2008-01-01

Since 1998, upper level secondary education pupils in the Netherlands are required to choose one of four study profiles with their own specific and fixed combinations of final examination subjects. With the aid of multilevel analyses, the extent to which this situation has led to changes in the determinants of mathematics and science choice (i.e.…

How Change Does and Does Not Take Place: Innovation and Recurrence in Educational Reform Programs. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rensenbrink, John

This report describes a study that examined the process of educational reform and sought to determine how and why internal changes occur in the evolution of an educational program. The author studied the progress of four educational reforms in the Brunswick-Freeport area of midcoast Maine, including the introduction of significant changes in the…

Environmental Microbiology Modules. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walke, Raymond H.; Walke, Jayne G.

This publication is the result of a project to develop microbiology instructional materials for vocational college students. These materials are a series of self-paced modules. Each module includes a pre-test, an introduction and historical packet, an organizational packet to set the framework for in-depth study, one or more in-depth packets, a…

National Remodelling Team: Evaluation Study (Year 2). Final Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Easton, Claire; Wilson, Rebekah; Sharp, Caroline

2005-01-01

This report sets out to provide the National Remodelling Team (NRT) with comprehensive details on stakeholders' views about the second year of the remodelling programme. This report is divided into nine chapters: (1) Introduction; (2) outlines the aims of the evaluation and the methodology used; (3) describes the findings from the survey of local…

Research Handbook on Children's Language Learning. Preliminary Edition. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dato, Daniel P.

This handbook serves as an introduction to the study of children's language development and as a supplementary aid in the training of research workers in the field of children's language learning. As a teaching aid, it is suggested this work be used with a film entitled "Psycholinquistic Research Techniques: Children's Language." Major chapters…

ALPBP Project Research Component: Summary of Research Findings and Final Reports.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rivera, Charlene

This report summarizes the Assessment of Language Proficiency of Bilingual Persons (ALPBP) project research component and provides a summary of the findings of the other six components of the study. The summary of the research component includes an outline of the goals, activities, and requests for proposals. After the introduction, the following…

Introduction to Toxicity and Risk Assessment for Project Chemists

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-27

Toxicity of Hexavalent Chromium  External review complete  EPA will wait until studies underway on carcinogenic mode of action are complete to...finalize the assessment  NJ and Cal values for hex chrome 16 Risk-Based Screening Levels Resident Soil (mg/kg) Resident Water Use (µg/L) DRAFT 0.04

A Structural Equation Model for Predicting Business Student Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pomykalski, James J.; Dion, Paul; Brock, James L.

2008-01-01

In this study, the authors developed a structural equation model that accounted for 79% of the variability of a student's final grade point average by using a sample size of 147 students. The model is based on student grades in 4 foundational business courses: introduction to business, macroeconomics, statistics, and using databases. Educators and…

The Gift Code User Manual. Volume I. Introduction and Input Requirements

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-07-01

REPORT & PERIOD COVERED ‘TII~ GIFT CODE USER MANUAL; VOLUME 1. INTRODUCTION AND INPUT REQUIREMENTS FINAL 6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER ?. AuTHOR(#) 8...reverua side if neceaeary and identify by block number] (k St) The GIFT code is a FORTRANcomputerprogram. The basic input to the GIFT ode is data called

Future Think Program, San Jose City College, Spring Semester, 1974: Final Report of Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DCM Associates, San Francisco, CA.

San Jose City College's Future Think Program consists of the following courses: Language, Culture, and Change; Third World Since 1945; Marriage and Family; Ecology and Man; Science Fiction; Introduction to Literature: Science Fiction; Introduction to Sociology; and Sociology/Fiction of the Future. An evaluation by an independent consulting firm…

[Model Foundation S. Maugeri-IRCCS].

PubMed

Bazzini, G

2010-01-01

A multidisciplinary (physiatrist, occupational physician, neurophysiologist, radiologist, etc.) and multiprofessional (occupational therapist, physiotherapist, ergonomist) strategy for rehabilitation and re-introduction of people with work-related injuries was tested at the "Fondazione Maugeri" Scientific Institue (Pavia, Italy). This process of re-introduction to work has several stages including increasing strength and resistance, specific occupational therapy activities to recover working functions and movements, aerobic training, prescription and allocation of any auxiliaries necessary, and inspections of the home and workplace. One particular feature is the final functional evaluation, whose aims are: to study the subject's "residual capacities" and "sustainable capacities", to supply useful information to the occupational physician in view of the verifying the patient's suitability for work, to contribute to "targeted" re-introduction, and to offer parameters useful for prevention and ergonomic planning. The main features of the disabled person which are studied are: degree of disability, motor capacity (joint movements, strength, resistance), cognitive-verbal functions, sensitivity and sensory functions, psychological and emotional components, need for auxiliaries, educational-professional aspects, possibility of autonomous transport, and motivation.

Experimental Investigation of Free Field and Shock-Initiated Implosion of Composite Structures

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-02-06

From- To) 06 - 02 - 2017 Final Report Nov . 2013 - De c . 2016 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Sa. CONTRACT NUMBER Experimental I nvestigation of Free Fie l d...of experimental studies is perfor med to study the implos i on behavior of a variety of different composite structures under varying loading...Introduction Materials Experimental Procedure DIC Technique Collapse Pressure Predictions Specific and Total Impulse

Sustainable tourism development: the case study of Antalya, Turkey

Treesearch

Latif Gurkan Kaya; Richard Smardon

2001-01-01

This paper discuss ideas about how tourism can be made base for sustainable tourism development in Antalya, Turkey. The introduction is a general overview of sustainable tourism development in coastal areas. The paper also addresses the role of NGOs in the course of development. Information is given about coastal tourism facilities in Turkey. Finally, sustainable...

Legal Barriers to Educational Technology and Instructional Productivity. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heinich, Robert; Ebert, Kim

A study sought to determine if deterrents to the introduction of certain kinds of educational technology were statutory in nature. The thesis was advanced that educational technology is a threat to the power base of education and the more comprehensive the technology, the greater the threat; therefore the laws and policies setting forth the…

Introduction of Vertical Integration and Case-Based Learning in Anatomy for Undergraduate Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parmar, Suresh K.; Rathinam, Bertha A. D.

2011-01-01

The purpose of the present pilot study was to evaluate the benefits of innovative teaching methodologies introduced to final year occupational and physical therapy students in Christian Medical College in India. Students' satisfactions along the long-term retention of knowledge and clinical application of the respiratory anatomy have been…

Lesson Plans for Teaching Basic Vocational Agriculture. Section II. Introduction to Livestock Production.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCully, James S., Jr., Comp.

This volume, the second in a series of five publications for use in teaching basic vocational agriculture in Mississippi secondary schools, consists of the final eight lessons in a 15-lesson introduction to livestock production. Covered in the individual lessons included in this volume are the following topics: types of livestock production…

The TACT-Mentor Program: A Dual Introduction into College Teaching. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murray, Robert C.

A two-part effort called "The TACT Mentor Program: A Dual Introduction into College Teaching," designed to assist new faculty in their first year of teaching at Heidelberg College, Ohio, is described and evaluated. The first part of the program, TACT (Teachers and College Teaching) consisted of weekly discussions based on the book…

The Why, What, and Impact of GPA at Oxford Brookes University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrews, Matthew

2016-01-01

This paper examines the introduction at Oxford Brookes University of a Grade Point Average (GPA) scheme alongside the traditional honours degree classification. It considers the reasons for the introduction of GPA, the way in which the scheme was implemented, and offers an insight into the impact of GPA at Brookes. Finally, the paper considers…

Disabled Children and Their Families: The Impact of Public Law 94-142. Revised Final Report--Year I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sullivan, Mary Beth; And Others

The report details the case studies of six families with disabled children, ranging in age from 6 to 18 years, as part of a study to investigate the impact of P.L. 94-142 (the Education for All Handicapped Children Act). An introduction points out that a naturalistic case study approach was used to address the parents experiences with P.L. 94-142,…

Impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction and post-introduction etiology of diarrhea requiring hospital admission in Haydom, Tanzania, a rural African setting.

PubMed

Platts-Mills, James A; Amour, Caroline; Gratz, Jean; Nshama, Rosemary; Walongo, Thomas; Mujaga, Buliga; Maro, Athanasia; McMurry, Timothy L; Liu, Jie; Mduma, Estomih; Houpt, Eric R

2017-05-29

No data are available on the etiology of diarrhea requiring hospitalization after rotavirus vaccine introduction in Africa. The monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced in Tanzania on January 1, 2013. We performed a vaccine impact and effectiveness study as well as a qPCR-based etiology study at a rural Tanzanian hospital. We obtained data on admissions among children under 5 years to Haydom Lutheran Hospital between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2015, and estimated the impact of vaccine introduction on all-cause diarrhea admissions. We then performed a vaccine effectiveness study using the test-negative design. Finally, we tested diarrheal specimens during 2015 by qPCR for a broad range of enteropathogens and calculated pathogen-specific attributable fractions. Vaccine introduction was associated with a 44.9% (95% CI 17.6 - 97.4) reduction in diarrhea admissions in 2015, as well as delay of the rotavirus season. The effectiveness of two doses of vaccine was 74.8% (-8.2 - 94.1) using an enzyme immunoassay-based case definition and 85.1% (26.5 - 97.0) using a qPCR-based case definition. Among 146 children enrolled in 2015, rotavirus remained the leading etiology of diarrhea requiring hospitalization (AF 25.8%, 95% CI: 24.4 - 26.7), followed by heat-stabile enterotoxin-producing E. coli (18.4%, 12.9 - 21.9), Shigella/enteroinvasive E. coli (14.5%, 10.2 - 22.8), and Cryptosporidium (7.9%, 6.2 - 9.3). Despite the clear impact of vaccine introduction in this setting, rotavirus remained the leading etiology of diarrhea requiring hospitalization. Further efforts to maximize vaccine coverage and improve vaccine performance in these settings are warranted. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Introduction to nanotechnology: a short course for high school students

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Markin, Alexey V.

2016-04-01

This report devoted to presenting results of development and implementation of a short course (4 hours) entitled "Introduction to Nanotechnology" that was specially designed for familiarizing high school students with nanomaterials and nanotechnology. The course contains introduction to nanotechnology, essential definitions, short overview of history, descriptions for various examples of nanomaterials and their classifications, performing demonstration experiments. All these parts of the course are briefly analyzed from pedagogical effectiveness point of view. Finally, results of course testing, problems and perspectives of nano-oriented education at high school are also discussed shortly.

Three countries' experience with Norplant introduction.

PubMed

Hardee, K; Balogh, S; Villinski, M T

1997-09-01

Despite international efforts to plan for Norplant introduction, the method has drawn the attention of critics of family planning programmes, and has raised several issues for debate since it was introduced into family planning programmes. The experiences of three countries with the introduction of Norplant highlight some of the unique features of the method that have affected its introduction. Indonesia, Bangladesh and the United States represent diverse cultural settings and systems of family planning provision. Experience in each country has highlighted the need to focus on quality of care for clients, most notably the need for good counselling and attention to removal as well as insertion. The cost of Norplant also has influenced its introduction in each country. Another issue includes the need to work with women's health advocacy groups, which is illustrated particularly in Bangladesh. Finally, the role of litigation in the United States, and its potential role in influencing Norplant introduction in other countries, is discussed. These three countries' experience illustrate the importance of understanding the programmatic context of contraceptive introduction.

32 CFR 651.8 - Disposition of final documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Disposition of final documents. 651.8 Section 651.8 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY (CONTINUED) ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ARMY ACTIONS (AR 200-2) Introduction § 651.8 Disposition of...

Freight transportation and the potential for invasions of exotic insects in urban and periurban forests of the United States

Treesearch

Manuel Colunga-Garcia; Robert A. Haack; Adesoji O. Adelaja

2009-01-01

Freight transportation is an important pathway for the introduction and dissemination of exotic forest insects (EFI). Identifying the final destination of imports is critical in determining the likelihood of EFI establishment. We analyzed the use of regional freight transport information to characterize risk of urban and periurban areas to EFI introductions. Specifc...

Analysis of Collaboration and Co-Citation Networks between Researchers Studying Violence Involving Women

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Muñoz-Muñoz, Ana M.; Mirón-Valdivieso, M. Dolores

2017-01-01

Introduction: We analyse the collaboration and co-citation networks at the international level in scientific articles about violence against women. The aim is to identify who are writing about this subject, if they are women and/or men, who the most influential authors are and which institutions they belong to, and finally which authors are cited…

Washington State Nursing Home Administrator Model Curriculum. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cowan, Florence Kelly

The course outlines presented in this final report comprise a proposed Fort Steilacoom Community College curriculum to be used as a statewide model two-year associate degree curriculum for nursing home administrators. The eight courses described are introduction to nursing, home administration, financial management of nursing homes, nursing home…

Michigan Physicians' Conference on Elder Abuse. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sengstock, Mary C.; O'Brien, James G.

The final report describes the Michigan Physicians' Conference on Elder Abuse project. The project conference had four major content areas, including: a general introduction to the problem of elder abuse; clinical symptoms of abuse; legal issues; and referral and case management techniques. Training techniques included lectures, group discussion,…

Planning for Post-Regime Change Environments: The Introduction of a Post-Regime Environment Planning Partnership (PREPP)

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-26

makers. The third case study, on Nigeria , will provide an analysis of a peaceful transition of power. Finally, the structure for a proposed Post...15. SUBJECT TERMS Regime Change, National Security Council, Kosovo, Libya, Nigeria , transition of power, post-regime change planning. 16. SECURITY...conflation that exists between the planning element and politically appointed decision makers. The third case study, on Nigeria , will provide an analysis of

Influence of N-Oxide Introduction on the Stability of Nitrogen-Rich Heteroaromatic Rings: A Quantum Chemical Study.

PubMed

Yuan, Jia; Long, Xinping; Zhang, Chaoyang

2016-12-01

N-Oxidization is an important strategy for enhancing the density and energy of energetic materials. Nevertheless, the influence of N + -O - introduction on molecular stability remains relatively unknown. Thus, the present work comprehensively studied 102 basic N-rich ring structures, including azoles, furazans, and azines, as well as their N-oxides by quantum chemical calculations. The introduction of N + -O - weakens molecular stability in most cases because the process elongates chemical bonds, decreases ring aromaticity, narrows the gaps between the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, and increases the photochemical reactivity. Besides, the easy H transfer to the neighboring O atom, which forms a N-OH isomer in azoles, renders the stabilization by N-oxide introduction ineffective. However, N-oxide introduction can enhance the molecular stability of 1,2,3,4-tetrazine-1,3-dioxide and tetrazino-tetrazine 1,3,6,8-tetraoxide by promoting σ-π separation and relieving lone-pair repulsion. Moreover, the alternate arrangement of positive and negative charges is another factor stabilizing the 1,2,3,4-tetrazine ring by 1,3-dioxidation. Finally, we assess the accessibility of N-oxidized azoles and azines by regarding N 2 O and H 2 O 2 as oxidizers. We find that all the oxidations were exothermic, thermodynamically spontaneous, and kinetically feasible. After an overall evaluation, we propose 19 N-oxides as basic structures for high-energy materials with considerable stability.

Annual Data Summary for 1986 CERC (Coastal Engineering Research Center) Field Research Facility. Volume 1. Main Text and Appendix A

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-08-01

Waterways Experiment Station, Corps of Engineers PO Box 631, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180-0631 DTI ~;~c~v ~ jAUG 291988 : H Ke August 1988 Final Report...PART I: INTRODUCTION ................................................ 3 Background ........................................................ 3...Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA. 22161. 2 ANNUAL DATA SUMMARY FOR 1986 CERC FIELD RESEARCH FACILITY PART I: INTRODUCTION

Exploration of new perspectives and limitations in Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer technology. Final report, June 1, 1992--May 31, 1995

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Marton, L.

1996-02-01

Genetic manipulation of plants often involves the introduction of homologous or partly homologous genes. Ectropic introduction of homologous sequences into plant genomes may trigger epigenetic changes, making expression of the genes unpredictable. The main project objective was to examine the feasibility of using Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer for homologous gene targeting in plants.

Introduction to Psychology and Leadership. Part One; Overview of Leadership. Segments I & II, Volume I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westinghouse Learning Corp., Annapolis, MD.

The first volume of the introduction to psychology and leadership course (see the final reports which summarize the development project, EM 010 418, EM 010 419, and EM 010 484), presents an overview which establishes the parameters of leadership which will be developed in later parts of the course. It is intended to be a self-instructional…

Contrasting determinants for the introduction and establishment success of exotic birds in Taiwan using decision trees models.

PubMed

Liang, Shih-Hsiung; Walther, Bruno Andreas; Shieh, Bao-Sen

2017-01-01

Biological invasions have become a major threat to biodiversity, and identifying determinants underlying success at different stages of the invasion process is essential for both prevention management and testing ecological theories. To investigate variables associated with different stages of the invasion process in a local region such as Taiwan, potential problems using traditional parametric analyses include too many variables of different data types (nominal, ordinal, and interval) and a relatively small data set with too many missing values. We therefore used five decision tree models instead and compared their performance. Our dataset contains 283 exotic bird species which were transported to Taiwan; of these 283 species, 95 species escaped to the field successfully (introduction success); of these 95 introduced species, 36 species reproduced in the field of Taiwan successfully (establishment success). For each species, we collected 22 variables associated with human selectivity and species traits which may determine success during the introduction stage and establishment stage. For each decision tree model, we performed three variable treatments: (I) including all 22 variables, (II) excluding nominal variables, and (III) excluding nominal variables and replacing ordinal values with binary ones. Five performance measures were used to compare models, namely, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), specificity, precision, recall, and accuracy. The gradient boosting models performed best overall among the five decision tree models for both introduction and establishment success and across variable treatments. The most important variables for predicting introduction success were the bird family, the number of invaded countries, and variables associated with environmental adaptation, whereas the most important variables for predicting establishment success were the number of invaded countries and variables associated with reproduction. Our final optimal models achieved relatively high performance values, and we discuss differences in performance with regard to sample size and variable treatments. Our results showed that, for both the establishment model and introduction model, the number of invaded countries was the most important or second most important determinant, respectively. Therefore, we suggest that future success for introduction and establishment of exotic birds may be gauged by simply looking at previous success in invading other countries. Finally, we found that species traits related to reproduction were more important in establishment models than in introduction models; importantly, these determinants were not averaged but either minimum or maximum values of species traits. Therefore, we suggest that in addition to averaged values, reproductive potential represented by minimum and maximum values of species traits should be considered in invasion studies.

Contrasting determinants for the introduction and establishment success of exotic birds in Taiwan using decision trees models

PubMed Central

Liang, Shih-Hsiung; Walther, Bruno Andreas

2017-01-01

Background Biological invasions have become a major threat to biodiversity, and identifying determinants underlying success at different stages of the invasion process is essential for both prevention management and testing ecological theories. To investigate variables associated with different stages of the invasion process in a local region such as Taiwan, potential problems using traditional parametric analyses include too many variables of different data types (nominal, ordinal, and interval) and a relatively small data set with too many missing values. Methods We therefore used five decision tree models instead and compared their performance. Our dataset contains 283 exotic bird species which were transported to Taiwan; of these 283 species, 95 species escaped to the field successfully (introduction success); of these 95 introduced species, 36 species reproduced in the field of Taiwan successfully (establishment success). For each species, we collected 22 variables associated with human selectivity and species traits which may determine success during the introduction stage and establishment stage. For each decision tree model, we performed three variable treatments: (I) including all 22 variables, (II) excluding nominal variables, and (III) excluding nominal variables and replacing ordinal values with binary ones. Five performance measures were used to compare models, namely, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), specificity, precision, recall, and accuracy. Results The gradient boosting models performed best overall among the five decision tree models for both introduction and establishment success and across variable treatments. The most important variables for predicting introduction success were the bird family, the number of invaded countries, and variables associated with environmental adaptation, whereas the most important variables for predicting establishment success were the number of invaded countries and variables associated with reproduction. Discussion Our final optimal models achieved relatively high performance values, and we discuss differences in performance with regard to sample size and variable treatments. Our results showed that, for both the establishment model and introduction model, the number of invaded countries was the most important or second most important determinant, respectively. Therefore, we suggest that future success for introduction and establishment of exotic birds may be gauged by simply looking at previous success in invading other countries. Finally, we found that species traits related to reproduction were more important in establishment models than in introduction models; importantly, these determinants were not averaged but either minimum or maximum values of species traits. Therefore, we suggest that in addition to averaged values, reproductive potential represented by minimum and maximum values of species traits should be considered in invasion studies. PMID:28316893

Incentivizing advanced mathematics study at upper secondary level: the case of bonus points in Ireland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Treacy, Páraic Thomas

2018-04-01

Secondary level mathematics education in Ireland has recently experienced a period of significant change with the introduction of new curricula and the addition of an incentive to study upper secondary mathematics at the most advanced level (Higher Level). This incentive, typically referred to as 'bonus points', appears to have aided a significant increase in the number of students studying upper secondary mathematics at Higher Level. However, thematic analysis of interviews with experienced upper secondary mathematics examiners and exploration of mathematics diagnostic test data outlined in this paper suggest that the difficulty of the Higher Level upper secondary mathematics final examination in Ireland has reduced since the introduction of the bonus points initiative. The sharp increase in students attempting this examination coupled with a policy of maintaining a consistent proportion of students achieving passing grades was identified as a key reason for this possible reduction in standards.

[Writing and publication of a medical article].

PubMed

Salmi, L R

1999-11-01

To advance in their strategies to manage patients, clinicians need new research results. To be accessible, medical research must be published. Writing and publishing medical articles should respect principles that are described in this article. Good writing is based on a logical organization and the application of scientific style. Organization according to the IMRD structure (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion) allows one to present the reasons for and objectives of the study (Introduction), details on whatever has been done to answer the question (Methods), data on the actual study population and answers to the main question (Results), and a critical appraisal of these results, given the limits of the study and current knowledge (Discussion). The main elements of scientific style are precision, clarity, fluidity and concision. Finally, submitting a paper to a scientific journal implies presenting the work in a covering letter and respecting rules for formatting a manuscript (order of presentation, typography, etc.).

International Joint Seminar on Geographical and Occupational Mobility of Manpower (Castelfusano, November 19-22, 1963). Final Report. International Seminars 1963.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris (France). Social Affairs Div.

Representatives of employers' and workers' organizations from 16 member countries met to analyze the problems of facilitating adjustment to geographical and occupational changes, to discuss their experience, and to study the type of overall program needed in this field. The report contains (1) an introduction to the Seminar by Solomon Barkin, (2)…

The Civil Defense Director/Coordinator: An Orientation to the Position. A Program of Instruction for Local Civil Defense Coordinators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruskjer, Nina L.

This Staff College home study course of programmed instruction consists of five units and final examination. It requires 12-20 hours for completion. The outline emphasizes the main points being taught, and the introduction page contains important teaching points. In a unit, each page contains a bit of instruction known as a frame. There are…

The theory of spin noise spectroscopy: a review

DOE PAGES

Sinitsyn, Nikolai A.; Pershin, Yuriy V.

2016-09-12

Direct measurements of spin fluctuations are becoming the mainstream approach for studies of complex condensed matter, molecular, nuclear, and atomic systems. Our review covers recent progress in the field of optical spin noise spectroscopy (SNS) with an additional goal to establish an introduction into its theoretical foundations. Finally we used various theoretical techniques recently to interpret results of SNS measurements are explained alongside examples of their applications.

Homelessness: The New Hampshire Response. The Final Report and Recommendations of the New Hampshire Task Force on Homelessness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Hampshire State Div. of Mental Health and Developmental Services, Concord.

This report presents results and recommendations of a two-year study and information-gathering effort by the New Hampshire Task Force on Homelessness, in compliance with the charge of the State legislature. The report is comprised of five sections. Section 1, "Introduction," presents an overview of the Task Force and a report on the…

A Preliminary Inquiry into the Successful and Unsuccessful Listening Strategies of Beginning College Japanese Students.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods ...finally to present his findings in a particular way" (Ruby, 1980). 11. Grounded Theory : Describes a method by which social scientists can ground their... theory and research in the reality they are studying . According to Glaser and Strauss (1967), "our approach, allowing substantive concepts and

Procrastination and Cheating from Secondary School to University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clariana, Merce; Gotzens, Concepcion; Badia, M. del Mar; Cladellas, Ramon

2012-01-01

Introduction: This article has two purposes. First, to show the correlation between two unfortunately very common academic habits: procrastination and cheating. Second, to analyse the sequential trend of these two tendencies, from the final year of compulsory secondary education (in Spain 4th year of ESO; age 16) to the final year of university…

76 FR 52997 - Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; Order Approving Proposed Board Funding Final Rules for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-24

... Accounting Oversight Board; Order Approving Proposed Board Funding Final Rules for Allocation of the Board's Accounting Support Fee Among Issuers, Brokers, and Dealers, and Other Amendments to the Board's Funding Rules August 18, 2011. I. Introduction On June 21, 2011, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the...

Introduction to Quantitative Science, a Ninth-Grade Laboratory-Centered Course Stressing Quantitative Observation and Mathematical Analysis of Experimental Results. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Badar, Lawrence J.

This report, in the form of a teacher's guide, presents materials for a ninth grade introductory course on Introduction to Quantitative Science (IQS). It is intended to replace a traditional ninth grade general science with a process oriented course that will (1) unify the sciences, and (2) provide a quantitative preparation for the new science…

Introduction to Concepts in Artificial Neural Networks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Niebur, Dagmar

1995-01-01

This introduction to artificial neural networks summarizes some basic concepts of computational neuroscience and the resulting models of artificial neurons. The terminology of biological and artificial neurons, biological and machine learning and neural processing is introduced. The concepts of supervised and unsupervised learning are explained with examples from the power system area. Finally, a taxonomy of different types of neurons and different classes of artificial neural networks is presented.

PSU/WES Interlaboratory Comparative Methodology Study of an Experimental Cementitious Repository Seal Material. Report 2. Final Results.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-03-01

meter 25 11.0 Microstructure by SEM 11.1 Introduction In order to correlate observed physical and mechanical properties in cured grout samples, a...studied at the two laboratories has proper physical properties , phase composi- tions, and microstructures for the materials used and ages covered...Scanning Electron Microscope Resolution Test Specimen ( Al -W) D. B. Ballard Research Material 100 SEM Resolution Test Specimen (AI-W)., is an alloy of

An introduction to research for primary dental care clinicians part 9: stage 10. Writing up and disseminating the results.

PubMed

Eaton, Kenneth A; Wiles, Laura; O'Malley, David

2012-04-01

This paper, the ninth and final one in the series, will address the tenth and final stage of a research project suggested in the first paper. The ten suggested stages are: 1. The initial idea (asking a research question). 2. Searching the literature. 3. Refining the research question. 4. Planning the study. 5. Writing a protocol. 6. Obtaining ethical approval and funding. 7. Piloting the methodology and project management. 8. Collecting data. 9. Analysing the data. 10. Writing up and disseminating the results. The paper outlines the steps that authors should take when seeking to publish the results of research in peer-reviewed journals and how to disseminate results through presentations at scientific conferences. These steps represent the final stage in the research process.

Rotorcraft Conceptual Design Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-10-01

systems engineering design tool sets. The DaVinci Project vision is to develop software architecture and tools specifically for acquisition system...enable movement of that information to and from analyses. Finally, a recently developed rotorcraft system analysis tool is described. Introduction...information to and from analyses. Finally, a recently developed rotorcraft system analysis tool is described. 15. SUBJECT TERMS 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

An Evaluation of Non-Formal Education in Ecuador. Volume 4: Appendices. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Laosa, Luis M.; And Others

As the final volume in a 4-volume evaluation report on the University of Massachusetts Non-Formal Education Project (UMass NFEP) initiated in rural Ecuador in 1973, this volume presents appendices to volumes I-III. Appendix A includes the following items: (1) Community Demographic Profile; (2) Description of Introduction to the Community; (3)…

Airliner Cabin Ozone: An Updated Review

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

authorized Airliner Cabin Ozone: An Updated Review INTRODUCTION Prior to 1980 , there was a great deal of concern about the adverse effects of ozone on the...and by flight planning to avoid known areas of high atmospheric ozone concentration. Since the final rule was published in 1980 , few reports have...pointed out in 1980 (4), that ozone concentration is the predominant factor in determining the effective dose. These latter studies indicate that

An Investigation into the Practice of Screen Education. The Introduction of Films and Television into Education as an Essential Area of Study, Phase I. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodgkinson, Anthony W.

A variety of screen education courses were designed, implemented, and evaluated in a public school system. Specific objectives of the courses were to teach screen education together with English skills and subject matter, to teach film production to interested students, to teach about media operation and performance, and to demonstrate that media…

Pupillometry and Saccades as Objective mTBI Biomarker

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-10-01

INTRODUCTION: The DOD reported that 333,169 cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI) were confirmed since 2000, with mild TBI (mTBI) accounting for 82.4...Complete final report: NO INITIATED (A 6-month No Cost Extension was approved to complete data analysis and manuscript writing.) KEY RESEARCH...Staff hiring issues delayed study completion; however a 6-month No Cost extension was approved Budget Expenditure to Date Projected Expenditure

Assessing the probability of introduction and spread of avian influenza (AI) virus in commercial Australian poultry operations using an expert opinion elicitation

PubMed Central

Toribio, Jenny-Ann; Scott, Angela Bullanday; Groves, Peter; Barnes, Belinda; Glass, Kathryn; Moloney, Barbara; Black, Amanda; Hernandez-Jover, Marta

2018-01-01

The objective of this study was to elicit experts’ opinions and gather estimates on the perceived probability of introduction and spread of avian influenza (AI) virus in the Australian broiler and layer industry. Using a modified Delphi method and a 4-step elicitation process, 11 experts were asked to give initial individual estimates for the various pathways and practices in the presented scenarios using a questionnaire. Following this, a workshop was conducted to present group averages of estimates and discussion was facilitated to obtain final individual estimates. For each question, estimates for all experts were combined using a discrete distribution, with weights allocated representing the level of expertise. Indirect contact with wild birds either via a contaminated water source or fomites was considered the most likely pathway of introduction of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) on poultry farms. Presence of a water body near the poultry farm was considered a potential pathway for introduction only when the operation type was free range and the water body was within 500m distance from the shed. The probability that LPAI will mutate to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) was considered to be higher in layer farms. Shared personnel, equipment and aerosol dispersion were the most likely pathways of shed to shed spread of the virus. For LPAI and HPAI spread from farm to farm, shared pick-up trucks for broiler and shared egg trays and egg pallets for layer farms were considered the most likely pathways. Findings from this study provide an insight on most influential practices on the introduction and spread of AI virus among commercial poultry farms in Australia, as elicited from opinions of experts. These findings will be used to support parameterization of a modelling study assessing the risk of AI introduction and spread among commercial poultry farms in Australia. PMID:29494696

Assessing the probability of introduction and spread of avian influenza (AI) virus in commercial Australian poultry operations using an expert opinion elicitation.

PubMed

Singh, Mini; Toribio, Jenny-Ann; Scott, Angela Bullanday; Groves, Peter; Barnes, Belinda; Glass, Kathryn; Moloney, Barbara; Black, Amanda; Hernandez-Jover, Marta

2018-01-01

The objective of this study was to elicit experts' opinions and gather estimates on the perceived probability of introduction and spread of avian influenza (AI) virus in the Australian broiler and layer industry. Using a modified Delphi method and a 4-step elicitation process, 11 experts were asked to give initial individual estimates for the various pathways and practices in the presented scenarios using a questionnaire. Following this, a workshop was conducted to present group averages of estimates and discussion was facilitated to obtain final individual estimates. For each question, estimates for all experts were combined using a discrete distribution, with weights allocated representing the level of expertise. Indirect contact with wild birds either via a contaminated water source or fomites was considered the most likely pathway of introduction of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) on poultry farms. Presence of a water body near the poultry farm was considered a potential pathway for introduction only when the operation type was free range and the water body was within 500m distance from the shed. The probability that LPAI will mutate to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) was considered to be higher in layer farms. Shared personnel, equipment and aerosol dispersion were the most likely pathways of shed to shed spread of the virus. For LPAI and HPAI spread from farm to farm, shared pick-up trucks for broiler and shared egg trays and egg pallets for layer farms were considered the most likely pathways. Findings from this study provide an insight on most influential practices on the introduction and spread of AI virus among commercial poultry farms in Australia, as elicited from opinions of experts. These findings will be used to support parameterization of a modelling study assessing the risk of AI introduction and spread among commercial poultry farms in Australia.

SLEUTH (Strategies and Lessons to Eliminate Unused Toxicants: Help!). Educational Activities on the Disposal of Household Hazardous Waste. Household Hazardous Waste Disposal Project. Metro Toxicant Program Report No. 1D.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dyckman, Claire; And Others

This teaching unit is part of the final report of the Household Hazardous Waste Disposal Project. It consists of activities presented in an introduction and three sections. The introduction contains an activity for students in grades 4-12 which defines terms and concepts for understanding household hazardous wastes. Section I provides activities…

Use of international foundations of medicine clinical sciences examination to evaluate students' performance in the local examination at the University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

PubMed

Dash, Nihar Ranjan; Abdalla, Mohamed Elhassan; Hussein, Amal

2017-01-01

Several medical schools around the world are moving away from isolated, locally developed in-house assessments to the introduction of external examinations into their curriculum. Although the objective varies, it is typically done to evaluate, audit, and compare students' performance to international standards. Similarly, the International Foundations of Medicine-Clinical Sciences Examination (IFOM-CSE) was introduced in the College of Medicine at the University of Sharjah as an external assessment criterion in addition to the existing in-house assessments. The aim of this study was to compare the student performance in this newly introduced IFOM-CSE examination and the existing in-house final examination in the college. The scores of three consecutive final-year undergraduate medical student batches (2013-2015) who took both the IFOM-CSE and the existing in-house final examination were analyzed. Pearson correlation and one-way analysis of variance test were conducted using SPSS 22. The students' scores in the IFOM-CSE and in the final examination prepared locally were highly correlated with Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.787 for batch 2013, 0.827 for batch 2014, and 0.830 for batch 2015 (P < 0.0005). Interestingly, while the mean scores of the IFOM-CSE among the three batches in the years 2013, 2014, and 2015 (475, 492, and 513, respectively) showed improvement with borderline significance (F[2226] = 2.73, P = 0.067), local examination scores showed a significant improvement during the study period (F[2277] = 52.87, P < 0.0005). The findings of this study showed that students' scores in the local examination were consistently correlated with their scores in the IFOM-CSE over all the three batches. Thus, introduction of external examination can be an important evaluation tool to a comprehensive internal assessment system providing evidence of external validity.

Age at introduction of ultra-processed food among preschool children attending day-care centers.

PubMed

Longo-Silva, Giovana; Silveira, Jonas Augusto C; Menezes, Rísia Cristina Egito de; Toloni, Maysa Helena de Aguiar

To identify the age of introduction of ultra-processed food and its associated factors among preschool children. Cross-sectional study carried out from March to June 2014 with 359 preschool children aged 17 to 63 months attending day-care centers. Time until ultra-processed food introduction (outcome variable) was described by the Kaplan-Meier analysis, and the log-rank test was used to compare the survival functions of independent variables. Factors associated with ultra-processed food introduction were investigated using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. The results were shown as hazard ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals. The median time until ultra-processed food introduction was six months. Between the 3rd and 6th months, there is a significant increase in the probability of introducing ultra-processed food in the children's diet; and while the probability in the 3rd month varies from 0.15 to 0.25, at six months the variation ranges from 0.6 to 1.0. The final Cox proportional hazards model showed that unplanned pregnancy (1.32 [1.05-1.65]), absence of prenatal care (2.50 [1.02-6.16]), and income >2 minimum wages (1, 50 [1.09-2.06]) were independent risk factors for the introduction of ultra-processed food. Up to the 6th month of life, approximately 75% of preschool children had received one or more ultra-processed food in their diet. In addition, it was observed that the poorest families, as well as unfavorable prenatal factors, were associated with early introduction of ultra-processed food. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.

75 FR 3383 - New Postal Product

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-21

...] New Postal Product AGENCY: Postal Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Commission.... Introduction The Postal Service seeks to add a new product identified as Express Mail [[Page 3384

Mass spectrometry in systems biology an introduction.

PubMed

Dunn, Warwick B

2011-01-01

The qualitative detection, quantification, and structural characterization of analytes in biological systems are important requirements for objectives to be fulfilled in systems biology research. One analytical tool applied to a multitude of systems biology studies is mass spectrometry, particularly for the study of proteins and metabolites. Here, the role of mass spectrometry in systems biology will be assessed, the advantages and disadvantages discussed, and the instrument configurations available described. Finally, general applications will be briefly reviewed. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Special section introduction on MicroMars to MegaMars

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bridges, Nathan T.; Dundas, Colin M.; Edgar, Lauren

2016-01-01

The study of Earth's surface and atmosphere evolved from local investigations to the incorporation of remote sensing on a global scale. The study of Mars has followed the opposite progression, beginning with telescopic observations, followed by flyby and orbital missions, landers, and finally rover missions in the last ∼20 years. This varied fleet of spacecraft (seven of which are currently operating as of this writing) provides a rich variety of datasets at spatial scales ranging from microscopic images to synoptic orbital remote sensing.

75 FR 36715 - Final Regulatory Guide: Issuance, Availability

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-28

... INFORMATION: I. Introduction The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC or Commission) is issuing a revision..., Chief, Regulatory Guide Development Branch, Division of Engineering, Office of Nuclear Regulatory...

Probing the formation of silicon nano-crystals (Si-ncs) using variable energy positron annihilation spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knights, A. P.; Bradley, J. D. B.; Hulko, O.; Stevanovic, D. V.; Edwards, C. J.; Kallis, A.; Coleman, P. G.; Crowe, I. F.; Halsall, M. P.; Gwilliam, R. M.

2011-01-01

We describe preliminary results from studies of the formation of silicon nano-crystals (Si-ncs) embedded in stoichiometric, thermally grown SiO2 using Variable Energy Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (VEPAS). We show that the VEPAS technique is able to monitor the introduction of structural damage. In SiO2 through the high dose Si+ ion implantation required to introduce excess silicon as a precursor to Si-nc formation. VEPAS is also able to characterize the rate of the removal of this damage with high temperature annealing, showing strong correlation with photoluminescence. Finally, VEPAS is shown to be able to selectively probe the interface between Si-ncs and the host oxide. Introduction of hydrogen at these interfaces suppresses the trapping of positrons at the interfaces.

Identification of Information Needs of the American Indian Community That Can Be Met by Library Services. Final Report, June 1975.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Townley, Charles T.

As the final report on the National Indian Education Association's (NIEA) Library Project, this document presents the following: (1) an introduction (describes the general condition of American Indian library service, the involvement of NIEA, and the project's objectives and time line); (2) the methodology of Phase I: identification of…

Mercer County Community College Workplace Skills Project. Grant Period March 1, 1991-August 31, 1992. Final Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mercer County Community Coll., Trenton, NJ.

This final report of an 18-month workplace literacy project (a partnership of Mercer County Community College, a large automobile components parts manufacturer, a hospital, a physics laboratory, and a chemical plant) contains the following: (1) and introduction; (2) a performance report on nine goals of the program; (3) a schedule of…

International Conference on Adult Education (5th, Hamburg, Germany, July 14-18, 1997). Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Hamburg (Germany). Inst. for Education.

This final report is a summary of a conference designed to show the importance of adult education for the next century, encourage worldwide commitment to the right of adults to education, and strengthen and expand international cooperation. Part I consists of the summary of the plenary discussions: introduction, speakers and opening speeches, and…

Regional Evaluation and Research Center for Head Start. Southern University, Annual Report, November 28, 1969. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Southern Univ. and Agricultural and Mechanical Coll., Baton Rouge, LA.

This final report of the third year of the Southern University-Tulane University Regional Head Start Evaluation and Research Center is a statement of activities engaged in since September 1968. Chapter I includes an introduction and description of the centers; Chapter II, evaluation guidelines, test battery, quality control, evaluation design and…

77 FR 12086 - Final Staff Guidance, Revision 4 to Standard Review Plan; Section 8.1 on Electric Power-Introduction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-28

... incorporate Revision 4 of SRP Section 8.1 into the next revisions of the Regulatory Guide 1.206, ``Combined..., 2011 (76 FR 31381), the NRC published for public comment the proposed Revision 4 on Section 8.1 on... NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION [NRC-2011-0119] Final Staff Guidance, Revision 4 to Standard Review...

[Evaluation of preliminary grades and credits in nurse training programs].

PubMed

Darmann-Finck, Ingrid; Duveneck, Nicole

2016-01-01

In the federal state of Bremen preliminary grades were included to the extent of 25 % in written, oral and practical final grades during the time period 2009-2014. The evaluation focuses on the effects of preliminary grades on the scale of final grades and the performance of learners as well as on the assessment of the appropriateness of final grades. A mixed-methods design was employed that consisted of a quasi-experimental study comprising of surveys of students and teachers of comparative and model courses as well as a qualitative study using group discussions. The results confirm that preliminary grades lead to a minimal improvement of the final grades of some exclusively low-achieving students. The assessment of appropriateness hardly changed. From both learners' and teachers' point of view there is still great dissatisfaction concerning the practical final grades. With regard to learning habits an increased willingness to learn new skills on the one hand and a partly increased performance pressure on the other hand were demonstrated. On the basis of these research results, the authors recommend the regular introduction of preliminary marks into the nursing training. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier GmbH.

Installation Restoration Program Stage 3. McClellan Air Force Base Quality Assurance Project Plan

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-08-30

QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN TDTM FINAL ELECTE C\\ JAUG 3 119891 .. .. . .. 0.. ... PREPARD.FOR HEDURTR FL/E WRGTPATRO .. F... OHI.443 ........ 1N...P.E. Contract Program Manager \\ 0 RADMAN 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................... 1 of 6...Section: 1.0 RADM Revision: 1 CO PO AIO NDate: 04/12/89 O Page 1 of 6 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) presents in specific

Synthesis, activity, and structure--activity relationship studies of novel cationic lipids for DNA transfer.

PubMed

Byk, G; Dubertret, C; Escriou, V; Frederic, M; Jaslin, G; Rangara, R; Pitard, B; Crouzet, J; Wils, P; Schwartz, B; Scherman, D

1998-01-15

We have designed and synthesized original cationic lipids for gene delivery. A synthetic method on solid support allowed easy access to unsymmetrically monofunctionalized polyamine building blocks of variable geometries. These polyamine building blocks were introduced into cationic lipids. To optimize the transfection efficiency in the novel series, we have carried out structure-activity relationship studies by introduction of variable-length lipids, of variable-length linkers between lipid and cationic moiety, and of substituted linkers. We introduce the concept of using the linkers within cationic lipids molecules as carriers of side groups harboring various functionalities (side chain entity), as assessed by the introduction of a library composed of cationic entities, additional lipid chains, targeting groups, and finally the molecular probes rhodamine and biotin for cellular traffic studies. The transfection activity of the products was assayed in vitro on Hela carcinoma, on NIH3T3, and on CV1 fibroblasts and in vivo on the Lewis Lung carcinoma model. Products from the series displayed high transfection activities. Results indicated that the introduction of a targeting side chain moiety into the cationic lipid is permitted. A primary physicochemical characterization of the DNA/lipid complexes was demonstrated with this leading compound. Selected products from the series are currently being developed for preclinical studies, and the labeled lipopolyamines can be used to study the intracellular traffic of DNA/cationic lipid complexes.

Introducing video recording in primary care midwifery for research purposes: procedure, dataset, and use.

PubMed

Spelten, Evelien R; Martin, Linda; Gitsels, Janneke T; Pereboom, Monique T R; Hutton, Eileen K; van Dulmen, Sandra

2015-01-01

video recording studies have been found to be complex; however very few studies describe the actual introduction and enrolment of the study, the resulting dataset and its interpretation. In this paper we describe the introduction and the use of video recordings of health care provider (HCP)-client interactions in primary care midwifery for research purposes. We also report on the process of data management, data coding and the resulting data set. we describe our experience in undertaking a study using video recording to assess the interaction of the midwife and her client in the first antenatal consultation, in a real life clinical practice setting in the Netherlands. Midwives from six practices across the Netherlands were recruited to videotape 15-20 intakes. The introduction, complexity of the study and intrusiveness of the study were discussed within the research group. The number of valid recordings and missing recordings was measured; reasons not to participate, non-response analyses, and the inter-rater reliability of the coded videotapes were assessed. Video recordings were supplemented by questionnaires for midwives and clients. The Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS) was used for coding as well as an obstetric topics scale. at the introduction of the study, more initial hesitation in co-operation was found among the midwives than among their clients. The intrusive nature of the recording on the interaction was perceived to be minimal. The complex nature of the study affected recruitment and data collection. Combining the dataset with the questionnaires and medical records proved to be a challenge. The final dataset included videotapes of 20 midwives (7-23 recordings per midwife). Of the 460 eligible clients, 324 gave informed consent. The study resulted in a significant dataset of first antenatal consultations involving recording 269 clients and 194 partners. video recording of midwife-client interaction was both feasible and challenging and resulted in a unique dataset of recordings of midwife-client interaction. Video recording studies will benefit from a tight design, and vigilant monitoring during the data collection to ensure effective data collection. We provide suggestions to promote successful introduction of video recording for research purposes. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Scientific uncertainty in media content: Introduction to this special issue.

PubMed

Peters, Hans Peter; Dunwoody, Sharon

2016-11-01

This introduction sets the stage for the special issue on the public communication of scientific uncertainty that follows by sketching the wider landscape of issues related to the communication of uncertainty and showing how the individual contributions fit into that landscape. The first part of the introduction discusses the creation of media content as a process involving journalists, scientific sources, stakeholders, and the responsive audience. The second part then provides an overview of the perception of scientific uncertainty presented by the media and the consequences for the recipients' own assessments of uncertainty. Finally, we briefly describe the six research articles included in this special issue. © The Author(s) 2016.

An Introduction to the Gas Phase

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vallance, Claire

2017-11-01

'An Introduction to the Gas Phase' is adapted from a set of lecture notes for a core first year lecture course in physical chemistry taught at the University of Oxford. The book is intended to give a relatively concise introduction to the gas phase at a level suitable for any undergraduate scientist. After defining the gas phase, properties of gases such as temperature, pressure, and volume are discussed. The relationships between these properties are explained at a molecular level, and simple models are introduced that allow the various gas laws to be derived from first principles. Finally, the collisional behaviour of gases is used to explain a number of gas-phase phenomena, such as effusion, diffusion, and thermal conductivity.

Innovations in design and technology. The story of hip arthroplasty.

PubMed

Amstutz, H C

2000-09-01

The current study reviews the early history of surgeon-initiated trial and error development in hip joint arthroplasty and the subsequent methodological evolution to proper criteria for hypothesis testing using bioengineers and other research scientists. The interplay and relationships to industry, universities, scientific organizations, and the Food and Drug Administration with respect to device development in hip arthroplasty are reviewed. The ethics of and responsibilities to involved parties are outlined, citing the history of many contemporary developments. Examples are provided from the evolution and introduction of unsuccessful innovations, and the problems inherent in the current methodology of the approval process from the Food and Drug Administration using the 5-10K, Investigative Device Exemption, and the Pre-Market Approval protocols. The pros and cons of randomized trials for devices are outlined with the conclusion that they are not appropriate for device introduction. The proper, rational methodology for introduction of new devices is a phased-in clinical trial process after pertinent bench testing. Finally, the ethical dilemmas created by managed care are addressed. Industry involvements of the surgeon-spokesmen are cited.

An Audit of Change in Clinical Practice: From Oxygen-Driven to Air-Driven Nebulisers for Prehospital Patients with Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD).

PubMed

Heys, Deborah; Swain, Andrew; Knowles, Sarah; Waugh, Amy; Bailey, Mark

2017-11-29

In developed countries, ambulances normally carry oxygen cylinders but not compressed air. Treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) with oxygen-driven nebulisers can result in hypercapnia and acidosis. Attempts to avoid this have involved interrupted administration of oxygen. 1 However, small battery-powered air nebulisers are now available. This study aims to compare the prehospital oxygen saturations and treatment of patients suffering from AECOPD before and after the introduction of air nebulisers. The oxygen saturations and treatment of 200 AECOPD patients before and 200 AECOPD patients after the introduction of air nebulisers were compared. Compliance with a target saturation of 88-92% was calculated. The median final oxygen saturation was lower for the post-intervention category (94%) than the pre-intervention category (96%). There was an increase in air nebuliser use from 0% to 56% (p < 0.001) and a decrease in oxygen use from 100% to 71.5% (p < 0.001). There was a numerical increase in the proportion of patients arriving at hospital with oxygen saturations of 88 - 92% following introduction of the air nebulisers (24% vs 16.5%) and a decrease in patients arriving with high saturations (67.5% vs 76.5%). The likelihood of achieving the target oxygen saturations following introduction of air nebulisers increased (odds ratio 1.598; 95% confidence interval 0.974, 2.621). The introduction of prehospital air nebulisers resulted in a reduction in oxygen therapy in patients with AECOPD and a lower median prehospital oxygen saturation. This study supports the use of air nebulisers in the prehospital setting. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Mission Support for the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecast System (C/NOFS) Satellite

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-11-21

THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1 . REPORT DATE (DO-MM-YYY 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 21-11-2007 Final Report Sept 2006 - Sept 2007 4. TITLE AND...298 (Rev. 8-98) P bWVANWS t. 2.$ Contents 1 . INTRODUCTION 2. METHODS AND PROCEDURES 1 3. FINDINGS 2 4. BIBLIOGRAPHY 15 ii List of Figures 1 . Six...entropy. The dashed line is the true model ............................................... 13 v 1 . INTRODUCTION This is a project to provide mission

Combat Stories: Creating a Web-Based Geospatial Interface to Record Combat Stories for Validation and Other Research Purposes

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

experiences of Odysseus on his way home. The final example is the Hebrew Bible that is composed from Old Testament stories, which were written by the third...19. 7 John Riches, The Bible : A Very Short Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), 37. 8 Thomas G. Bowie, Jr., “An I for an Eye...Riches, John. The Bible : A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. 56 Sanchez, Ricardo S. with Donald T. Phillips. Wiser in

The Development and Testing of a Model for Determining the Costs of Vocational Education Programs and Courses. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hale, James A.; And Others

One of a three-volume series concerning the development and testing of a model for determining the costs of vocational education programs and courses, this final report contains in its five chapters an introduction, a review of related literature and research, field tests, an added-cost model for vocational education, and a summary with…

CSMP Mathematics for the Upper Primary Grades Part II, Teacher's Guide [and] Worksheets. General Introduction. The World of Numbers. Final Experimental Version.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heidema, Clare; Schweitzer, Janis

This guide represents the final experimental version of a pilot project conducted in the United States between 1973 and 1976. The ideas and manner of presentation are based on the works of Georges and Frederique Papy. They are recognized as having introduced colored arrow drawings ("papygrams") and models of our numeration system (the…

CSMP Mathematics for the Upper Primary Grades Part I, Teacher's Guide [and] Worksheets. General Introduction. The World of Numbers. Final Experimental Version.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heidema, Clare; Schweitzer, Janis

This guide represents the final experimental version of a pilot project conducted in the United States between 1973 and 1976. The ideas and manner of presentation are based on the works of Georges and Frederique Papy. They are recognized as having introduced colored arrow drawings ("papygrams") and models of our numeration system (the…

A Program for Training Special Education Consultants in Remediating Academic and Social Behaviors of Handicapped Children. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Jasper W.; And Others

Presented is the final report of a 4-year project to develop and evaluate a prototype program for training special education consultants who are qualified to assist school personnel and parents in remediating academic and social behaviors of handicapped children in the Kansas City (Missouri) area. An overview and introduction are provided in the…

Stochastic Hybrid Systems Modeling and Middleware-enabled DDDAS for Next-generation US Air Force Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-30

experimental evaluations for hosting DDDAS-like applications in public cloud infrastructures . Finally, we report on ongoing work towards using the DDDAS...developed and their experimental evaluations for hosting DDDAS-like applications in public cloud infrastructures . Finally, we report on ongoing work towards...Dynamic resource management, model learning, simulation-based optimizations, cloud infrastructures for DDDAS applications. I. INTRODUCTION Critical cyber

Acidic Ionic Liquids.

PubMed

Amarasekara, Ananda S

2016-05-25

Ionic liquid with acidic properties is an important branch in the wide ionic liquid field and the aim of this article is to cover all aspects of these acidic ionic liquids, especially focusing on the developments in the last four years. The structural diversity and synthesis of acidic ionic liquids are discussed in the introduction sections of this review. In addition, an unambiguous classification system for various types of acidic ionic liquids is presented in the introduction. The physical properties including acidity, thermo-physical properties, ionic conductivity, spectroscopy, and computational studies on acidic ionic liquids are covered in the next sections. The final section provides a comprehensive review on applications of acidic ionic liquids in a wide array of fields including catalysis, CO2 fixation, ionogel, electrolyte, fuel-cell, membrane, biomass processing, biodiesel synthesis, desulfurization of gasoline/diesel, metal processing, and metal electrodeposition.

A Study of Agent-Reactive Fabrics for Use in Protective Clothing.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-12-01

insoluble state with amino ( urea or melamine - formaldehyde ), phenolic, epoxy, hydroxyl-containing or isocyanate resins , or with inorganic salts. Poly...late 1920’s and early 1930’s of a clothing- impregnating process based on the inpregnant sym-bis-(chloro-2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) urea (CC-2), which...followed by introduction of a plasticizer and final fabric treatment by either impregnation or "wet"-coating processes. More recent advances in resin

Design, Implementation, Building and Evaluation of a Torus Double Transitive Closure Network of Transputers.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-01

especially ’Russell Whalen, Rosalie Johnson and Mike Williams, for all the aid lent to me during the lab research for this thesis. xi I. INTRODUCTION A...particular weather model. Finally is important to continue research in the field of graphic applications, especially that which pertains to the study of...San Bernardino, Caracas Distrito Federal, Armada-001-MSA, Venezuela, South America 14. Director de Educacion 01 Comandancia General de la Armada Ave

[Facilitators in the implantation of telemedicine services. Perspective of professionals involved in its design and implementation].

PubMed

Loscertales, F Roig; Rubió, F Saigí

2011-01-01

Given the difficulties encountered by Telemedicine for final incorporation into clinical practice and given the lack of scientific evidence regarding the most appropriate implementation strategies, it is necessary to collect and disseminate lessons gained from experience in its introduction and diffusion in our health system. The aim of this study is to identify the facilitators perceived by professionals who actively participate in the design and implementation of telemedicine projects in the health care system. Qualitative study of data from semi-structured interviews with 17 key informants belonging to different Catalan health organizations. The identified facilitators are grouped in four broad areas: a TM service that meets a need clearly perceived by practitioners; a core leadership with a clinical profile, managing an open, participatory and flexible model that takes into account the needs of professionals; the ability to establish partnerships with different stakeholders beyond the customer-supplier relationship; and the inclusion in the initial design of a strategy for sustainability and normalization. Understanding the facilitators and barriers that appear in the process of implementing TM experiences in health care organizations becomes an item of high value for its final introduction. An approach combining the evidence on clinical effectiveness and cost-benefit with lessons learned about the dynamics of implementation and normalization will allow for a holistic understanding of the adoption of the TM and provide guidance for improving its organizational management.

Modeling Mosquito-Borne Disease Spread in U.S. Urbanized Areas: The Case of Dengue in Miami

PubMed Central

Robert, Michael A.; Christofferson, Rebecca C.; Silva, Noah J. B.; Vasquez, Chalmers; Mores, Christopher N.; Wearing, Helen J.

2016-01-01

Expansion of mosquito-borne pathogens into more temperate regions of the world necessitates tools such as mathematical models for understanding the factors that contribute to the introduction and emergence of a disease in populations naïve to the disease. Often, these models are not developed and analyzed until after a pathogen is detected in a population. In this study, we develop a spatially explicit stochastic model parameterized with publicly available U.S. Census data for studying the potential for disease spread in Urbanized Areas of the United States. To illustrate the utility of the model, we specifically study the potential for introductions of dengue to lead to autochthonous transmission and outbreaks in a population representative of the Miami Urbanized Area, where introductions of dengue have occurred frequently in recent years. We describe seasonal fluctuations in mosquito populations by fitting a population model to trap data provided by the Miami-Dade Mosquito Control Division. We show that the timing and location of introduced cases could play an important role in determining both the probability that local transmission occurs as well as the total number of cases throughout the entire region following introduction. We show that at low rates of clinical presentation, small outbreaks of dengue could go completely undetected during a season, which may confound mitigation efforts that rely upon detection. We discuss the sensitivity of the model to several critical parameter values that are currently poorly characterized and motivate the collection of additional data to strengthen the predictive power of this and similar models. Finally, we emphasize the utility of the general structure of this model in studying mosquito-borne diseases such as chikungunya and Zika virus in other regions. PMID:27532496

X-ray requesting patterns before and after introduction of the Ottawa Knee Rules in a UK emergency department.

PubMed

Atkinson, Paul; Boyle, Adrian; Chisholm, Edward

2004-08-01

To compare knee radiology requesting rates among junior doctors before and after the formal introduction of the Ottawa Knee Rules (OKR) in a UK emergency department (ED), and to test the validity of the OKR for decisions on the use of radiography for acute, isolated knee injuries. All junior doctors in a district general hospital ED seeing adult patients with isolated knee injuries completed a questionnaire before and after the introduction of the OKR. All patients were followed up to obtain a final diagnosis. The outcome measures were: adherence to the OKR, the presence of a fracture and whether a radiograph had been requested. The results were analysed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the OKR. Comparisons between the request rate for knee radiography before and after the introduction of the OKR were made. A total of 130 patients were enrolled and followed up over a 3-month period; 58 before and 72 after OKR introduction. The OKR had a sensitivity of 100% (71.8-100%), a specificity of 55.1% (46.1-64.1%), a positive predictive value of 18.5% (9.03-27.9%) and a negative predictive value of 100% (87.8-100%) for the detection of bony injury. The introduction of the OKR did not result in a significant reduction in the number of radiographs performed (58.6-55.6%; P= 0.726). This study shows the OKR to be a highly sensitive clinical guide with a high negative predictive value in the setting of a UK ED. It suggests that the reduction in radiograph requests seen elsewhere may not be as apparent in this setting.

Ergogenic aids in sport

PubMed

Santesteban Moriones, Virginia; Ibáñez Santos, Javier

2017-02-01

Introduction: Very few nutritional supplements have scientifically demonstrated their effectiveness as an ergogenic aid. This review will examine creatine monohydrate (MC), the β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), sodium bicarbonate (BS), the β-alanine and caffeine. Objectives: To analyze the effi cacy, mechanisms of action, dose, side effects and some sports that can benefit from their consumption. Methods: Searching in PubMed bibliographic database reviews from the last 15 years and original articles from the last 5 years of the studied substances. Results: Doses of 20 mg/day for 4-7 days are effective in improving strength and muscular power and performance in short and repeated sprints. HMB at doses of 3 g/day for at least 2 weeks contributes to increased lean mass and fat-free mass. The intake of 0.3 g/kg of BS improves performance on tests of 400-1,500 meters in athletics and intermittent sprints. Meanwhile, doses of 80 mg/kg/day of β-alanine for 4-10 weeks may improve performance in high-intensity intermittent exercise. Finally, caffeine at doses of 2 mg/kg improves responsiveness and 3-6 mg/kg improves performance in endurance tests. Conclusions: The revised supplements have shown their efficacy in physical performance, but it is needed to keep in mind that most studies have been conducted with recreational-level athletes. Generally, the better the individual´s fitness level is the less improvement in physical performance the supplement shows. However, an increase of only 1% may sometimes allow the athlete to advance several positions in a final. Finally, we should draw attention to the importance of optimizing nutrition before considering the introduction of sports supplements, especially in children and youth. All analyzed substances have scientific basis supporting its ergogenic effect. All of them can be found in the market with Certificate of Quality and Purit

Techniques for Sea Ice Characteristics Extraction and Sea Ice Monitoring Using Multi-Sensor Satellite Data in the Bohai Sea-Dragon 3 Programme Final Report (2012-2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xi; Zhang, Jie; Meng, Junmin

2016-08-01

The objectives of Dragon-3 programme (ID: 10501) are to develop methods for classification sea ice types and retrieving ice thickness based on multi-sensor data. In this final results paper, we give a briefly introduction for our research work and mainly results. Key words: the Bohai Sea ice, Sea ice, optical and

The risks of introduction of the Amazonian palm Euterpe oleracea in the Atlantic rainforest.

PubMed

Tiberio, F C S; Sampaio-E-Silva, T A; Matos, D M S; Antunes, A Z

2016-02-01

The introduction of a species may alter ecological processes of native populations, such as pollination and dispersal patterns, leading to changes in population structure. When the introduced and the native species are congeners, interference in pollination can also lead to hybridization. We aimed to understand the ecological aspects of Euterpe oleracea introduction in the Atlantic forest and the possible consequences for the conservation of the native congener Euterpe edulis. We analysed the population structure of palm populations, including hybrids, and observed the interaction with frugivorous birds of both palm species after E. oleracea introduction. We observed that E. edulis had significantly lower density and a smaller number of seedlings when occurring with E. oleracea. Native and introduced Euterpe species shared nine frugivorous bird species. E. oleracea and hybrids had dispersed outside the original planting area. Consequently, the risks of introduction of E. oleracea may mostly be related to the disruption of interactions between E. edulis and frugivorous birds and the spontaneous production of hybrids. Finally, the cultivation of E. oleracea and hybrids in Atlantic rainforest could affect the conservation of the already endangered E. edulis.

Demonstration of a Strategy to Perform Two-Dimensional Diode Laser Tomography

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

training set allows interpolation between beam paths resulting in temperature and density maps. Finally, the TDLAS temperature and density maps are... TDLAS and Tomography Results .................................................................. 38 Introduction...38 vii Page TDLAS Burner Setup

75 FR 16229 - Urbanized Area Formula Program: Notice of Final Circular

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-31

... revision. A. Chapter I--Introduction and Background Chapter I of the revised circular is the introductory... comprehensive fleet age and condition statistics are necessary for FTA to estimate fleet condition on a national...

Freight transportation and the potential for invasions of exotic insects in urban and periurban forests of the United States.

PubMed

Colunga-Garcia, Manuel; Haack, Robert A; Adelaja, Adesoji O

2009-02-01

Freight transportation is an important pathway for the introduction and dissemination of exotic forest insects (EFI). Identifying the final destination of imports is critical in determining the likelihood of EFI establishment. We analyzed the use of regional freight transport information to characterize risk of urban and periurban areas to EFI introductions. Specific objectives were to 1) approximate the final distribution of selected imports among urban areas of the United States, 2) characterize the final distribution of imports in terms of their spatial aggregation and dominant world region of origin, and 3) assess the effect of the final distribution of imports on the level of risk to urban and periurban forests from EFI. Freight pattern analyses were conducted for three categories of imports whose products or packaging materials are associated with EFI: wood products, nonmetallic mineral products, and machinery. The final distribution of wood products was the most evenly distributed of the three selected imports, whereas machinery was most spatially concentrated. We found that the type of import and the world region of origin greatly influence the final distribution of imported products. Risk assessment models were built based on the amount of forestland and imports for each urban area The model indicated that 84-88% of the imported tonnage went to only 4-6% of the urban areas in the contiguous United States. We concluded that freight movement information is critical for proper risk assessment of EFI. Implications of our findings and future research needs are discussed.

Domain Processes in Ferroelectric Ceramics

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-04-14

elastic strain tensor and eikl is the Levi - Civita density. Eqs (11) and (12) has three nontrivial solutions: Xr3 = 0 (13) Xr"= -1 { [ 2sj2Q 12 -Sl I...ABSTRACT (aA~iMUM 200 wardt) This report Outlines the progres achieved during a two year effort sponsored by the AFOSR on the theoretical study of domain...INTRODUCTION This is the final progress report for this two year program sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research on "Domain Processes in

"I would eagerly leave Neuchâtel ..." A 1912 letter by Jean Piaget with an introduction and notes.

PubMed

Vidal, F

1986-01-01

A 1912 letter from fifteen-year-old Jean Piaget (1896-1980) to the director of the Museum of Natural History of Geneva illustrates Piaget's precocious integration into a community of professional naturalists, and reveals his hitherto unknown plan to study medicine. It is not certain whether he actually intended to realize that plan. An essential biographical fact, however, is that he finally left natural history by turning to philosophy rather than to medicine.

URV Flight Test of an ADA Implemented Self-Repairing Flight Control System

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-08-01

USE ONLY(Leave blank) I2. REPORT DATE j3.REOTYPANDTSCVRD JAUG 1992 j FINAL 01/01/85--08/31/92 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE URV FL GHT TEST OF AN ADA IMPLEMESNT...History of the XBQM-106 2 2.0 Self-Repairing Flight Control System 4 Introduction 2.1 Control System Reconfiguration 5 Strategy 2.2 Failure Detection...ji * Ill ’ha A GJ s.d I I I C S U L 3 2.0 Self-Repairing Flight Control System Introduction Self-Repairing Flight Control Systems (SRFCS) are an

Cultural Resources Literature Search and Records Review - Upper Mississippi River Basin. Volume 1. Introduction and Narrative

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

project area. The following summary taken from the final environmental impact statement prepared by the St. Paul District in 1974, serves well to...Archeologist 62 (2): 168-205. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1974 Final Environmental Impact Statement: Operation and Maintenance, 9 Foot Navigation Channel...Spring Hollow Rock Shelter No. 2; Elephant Site; Waterville Rock Shelter; Jeffey Edwards Creek Rock Shelter; Pufahl Site, Allamakee County; Gingerstairs

An introduction to using Bayesian linear regression with clinical data.

PubMed

Baldwin, Scott A; Larson, Michael J

2017-11-01

Statistical training psychology focuses on frequentist methods. Bayesian methods are an alternative to standard frequentist methods. This article provides researchers with an introduction to fundamental ideas in Bayesian modeling. We use data from an electroencephalogram (EEG) and anxiety study to illustrate Bayesian models. Specifically, the models examine the relationship between error-related negativity (ERN), a particular event-related potential, and trait anxiety. Methodological topics covered include: how to set up a regression model in a Bayesian framework, specifying priors, examining convergence of the model, visualizing and interpreting posterior distributions, interval estimates, expected and predicted values, and model comparison tools. We also discuss situations where Bayesian methods can outperform frequentist methods as well has how to specify more complicated regression models. Finally, we conclude with recommendations about reporting guidelines for those using Bayesian methods in their own research. We provide data and R code for replicating our analyses. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Performance Evaluation of the UT Automated Road Maintenance Machine

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-10-01

This final report focuses mainly on evaluating the overall performance of The University of Texas' Automated Road Maintenance Machine (ARMM). It was concluded that the introduction of automated methods to the pavement crack-sealing process will impro...

Investigation of nuclear asphalt content gauge : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-07-01

The introduction of new aggregate sources to Louisiana in the mid 1980s has presented problems in asphalt concrete mix design and construction. Absorptive aggregates such as reclaimed portland cement concrete and some stones now being supplied have m...

MODELING COMPLEX ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: AN INTRODUCTION. (R827676)

EPA Science Inventory

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Concl...

The aviation accident experience of civilian airmen with refractive surgery : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-06-01

Introduction: Civil airmen with refractive surgery may obtain any class of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) medical certificate provided they meet the applicable vision standards, and an eye specialist verifies that healing is complete, visual a...

Refractive surgery in aircrew members who fly for scheduled and nonscheduled civilian airlines : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-05-01

Introduction. Civil airmen with refractive surgery are present in all classes of aeromedical certificate holders. Refractive surgical procedures have been associated with numerous side effects, including glare, reduced contrast sensitivity, and fluct...

A unique contact lens-related airline aircraft accident : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-05-01

INTRODUCTION. The use of contact lenses to satisfy the distant visual acuity requirements for obtaining a civil airman medical certificate has been permitted since 1976. According to the Federal Aviation Administration's "Guide for Aviation Medical E...

Gender differences in a refractive surgery population of civilian aviators : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-07-01

INTRODUCTION. Refractive surgical procedures performed in the United States have increased in recent years and : continued growth is projected. Postoperative side effects can affect the quality of vision and may be unacceptable in a : cockpit environ...

Gender differences in a refractive surgery population of civilian aviators : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-07-01

INTRODUCTION. Refractive surgical procedures performed in the United States have increased in recent years and continued growth is projected. Postoperative side effects can affect the quality of vision and may be unacceptable in a cockpit environment...

76 FR 10500 - Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratories Fees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-25

... Administration (OSHA), Labor. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Occupational Safety and Health Administration... Signature I. Introduction The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is adjusting the approach... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Occupational Safety and Health Administration 29 CFR Part 1910 [Docket No...

Enhancing GPS receiver certification by examining relevant pilot-performance databases : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-02-01

The rapid introduction of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers for airborne navigation has outpaced the capacity of international aviation authorities to resolve human factors issues that concern safe and efficient use of such devices. Current c...

Development of Life Prediction Capabilities for Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines. Task 3. Sensor Data Validation and Reconstruction. Phase 1. System Architecture Study

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-06-01

Validation And Reconstruction -~ Phase 1: System Architecture Study i ".- Contract NAS 3 -25883 I - _ CR-187124 -4 Phase I Final Report,, " , I Prepared for...131 NAS 3 -25883 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 3.0 TECHNICAL DISCUSSION 8 3.1 Review of SSME Test Data and Validation Procedure 8 3.1.1...NAS 3 -25883 FIGURES FigureNo. e 1 Elements The Sensor Data Validation and Signal Reconstuction System 7 3 Current NASA MSFC Data Review Process 12 4

[Emotion and the nurse-patient relationship].

PubMed

Chiang, Hsien-Hsien

2008-02-01

The purpose of this study was to examine how emotion affects the nurse-patient relationship. The discussion is derived from a qualitative research study that examined the nurse-patient relationship in humanistic care by observing courses of introduction to nursing and nursing ethics. First, the meaning of the caring relationship is addressed. Secondly, the relationship between empathy and self transcendence is examined. Finally, the nurse's emotion as a tool for healing the other is illustrated. Thoughtful work discussions also seem to identify nurses' awareness of their own emotion as not only promoting self transcendence, but also promoting the healing process.

Rumor Spreading Model with Trust Mechanism in Complex Social Networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Ya-Qi; Yang, Xiao-Yuan; Han, Yi-Liang; Wang, Xu-An

2013-04-01

In this paper, to study rumor spreading, we propose a novel susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model by introducing the trust mechanism. We derive mean-field equations that describe the dynamics of the SIR model on homogeneous networks and inhomogeneous networks. Then a steady-state analysis is conducted to investigate the critical threshold and the final size of the rumor spreading. We show that the introduction of trust mechanism reduces the final rumor size and the velocity of rumor spreading, but increases the critical thresholds on both networks. Moreover, the trust mechanism not only greatly reduces the maximum rumor influence, but also postpones the rumor terminal time, which provides us with more time to take measures to control the rumor spreading. The theoretical results are confirmed by sufficient numerical simulations.

Practice and Problems in Language Testing 5. Non-Classical Test Theory; Final Examinations in Secondary Schools. Papers Presented at the International Language Testing Symposium (5th, Arnhem, Netherlands, March 25-26, 1982).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Weeren, J., Ed.

Presented in this symposium reader are nine papers, four of which deal with the theory and impact of the Rasch model on language testing and five of which discuss final examinations in secondary schools in both general and specific terms. The papers are: "Introduction to Rasch Measurement: Some Implications for Language Testing" (J. J.…

DE-NE0000735 - FINAL REPORT ON THORIUM FUEL CYCLE NEUP PROJECT

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Krahn, Steven; Ault, Timothy; Worrall, Andrew

The report is broken into six chapters, including this executive summary chapter. Following an introduction, this report discusses each of the project’s three major components (Fuel Cycle Data Package (FCDP) Development, Thorium Fuel Cycle Literature Analysis and Database Development, and the Thorium Fuel Cycle Technical Track and Proceedings). A final chapter is devoted to summarization. Various outcomes, publications, etc. originating from this project can be found in the Appendices at the end of the document.

75 FR 1280 - New Postal Product

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-11

...] New Postal Product AGENCY: Postal Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Commission... competitive products is also consistent with new requirements in the law. DATES: Effective January 11, 2010... V. Ordering Paragraphs I. Introduction The Postal Service seeks to add a new product identified as...

OZONE MODULATION OF VOLATILE HYDROCARBONS USING MEMBRANE INTRODUCTION MASS SPECTROMETRY. (R828179)

EPA Science Inventory

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Concl...

Introduction to molecular topology: basic concepts and application to drug design.

PubMed

Gálvez, Jorge; Gálvez-Llompart, María; García-Domenech, Ramón

2012-09-01

In this review it is dealt the use of molecular topology (MT) in the selection and design of new drugs. After an introduction of the actual methods used for drug design, the basic concepts of MT are defined, including examples of calculation of topological indices, which are numerical descriptors of molecular structures. The goal is making this calculation familiar to the potential students and allowing a straightforward comprehension of the topic. Finally, the achievements obtained in this field are detailed, so that the reader can figure out the great interest of this approach.

Clinical impact of a high-sensitivity troponin assay introduction on patients presenting to the emergency department.

PubMed

Peck, Daniel; Knott, Jonathan; Lefkovits, Jeffrey

2016-06-01

Biomarkers are a critical component in the investigation of patients with potential ischaemic heart disease. The proposed benefits of a high-sensitivity troponin (hs-Tn) assay include earlier diagnosis of myocardial infarction. However, the decreased specificity may adversely affect clinical practice. The present study aims to investigate the impact that the introduction of a hs-Tn assay had on patients presenting to the ED. A pre- and post-interventional analysis was performed on all patients presenting to the Royal Melbourne Hospital ED, and had a troponin, in the 12 months before and after the introduction of the hs-Tn assay. The main outcome measures were ED length of stay, admission rates, proportion of patients undergoing interventional cardiac procedures and proportion diagnosed with myocardial infarction. There were 6557 patients who had a conventional assay and 7335 patients who had a hs-Tn assay. The introduction of a hs-Tn assay was associated with an increased abnormal troponin rate (23.4% vs 28.1%, P < 0.001). The median length of ED stay decreased by 9.1% (P < 0.001). The proportion admitted to hospital increased (60.9% vs 65.9%, P < 0.001); however, there was no difference in the proportion undergoing revascularisation or the proportion diagnosed with myocardial infarction. Although the introduction of a hs-Tn assay led to an increase in hospital admissions, the unchanged rate of cardiac procedures or final diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction and ischaemic heart disease suggests that the hs-Tn did not improve the detection of these conditions. It remains unclear whether there was a benefit admitting the additional cohort of patients. © 2016 Australasian College for Emergency Medicine and Australasian Society for Emergency Medicine.

Development of novel nano-composite membranes as introduction systems for mass spectrometers: Contrasting nano-composite membranes and conventional inlet systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miranda, Luis Diego

This dissertation presents the development of novel nano-composite membranes as introduction systems for mass spectrometers. These nano-composite membranes incorporate anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes as templates that can be used by themselves or modified by a variety of chemical deposition processes. Two types of nano-composite membranes are presented. The first nano-composite membrane has carbon deposited within the pores of an AAO membrane. The second nano-composite membrane is made by coating an AAO membrane with a thin polymer film. The following chapters describe the transmission properties these nano-composite membranes and compare them to conventional mass spectrometry introduction systems. The nano- composite membranes were finally coupled to the inlet system of an underwater mass spectrometer revealing their utility in field deployments.

The effect of the introduction of a regional major trauma network on triage decisions made by a physician-staffed helicopter emergency medical service.

PubMed

Chesters, Adam; Fenton, Ronan

2015-12-01

A major trauma network (MTN) has been in place in the East of England, with a single hospital operating as the major trauma centre (MTC). The primary aim of this retrospective cohort study was to determine whether triage destination decisions with regard to trauma patients made by a helicopter-based doctor-paramedic team are affected by the introduction of a regional trauma network. In addition, we will describe and discuss the logistics of transfer of injured patients attended by the service. This is a retrospective database review that was carried out over two 12-month periods. The first period was before the introduction of an MTN, and the second was after its introduction. All patients who were conveyed to an MTC were identified. Nontrauma patients were excluded. The MTN trauma triage tool was retrospectively applied. A comparative analysis of the two cohorts was carried out. For the group of patients conveyed to the regional MTC, additional follow-up information was obtained. This included patient survival at 30 days and the final injury severity score for each patient. A total of 220 cases were identified in which a major trauma patient was conveyed to an MTC. There were 94 cases in the year before the introduction of the MTN (cohort 1) and 124 in the year during which the MTN was active (cohort 2). There was no significant difference in the number of patients conveyed to each MTC between cohort 1 and cohort 2. The trauma triage tool status was 'positive' in 52.1% of cases in cohort 1 and 55.6% of cases in cohort 2 (P=0.60). Advice of the consultant on call was more commonly used for patients in cohort 2 than for those in cohort 1 (66.9 vs. 40.6%; P<0. 01). The introduction of a regional MTN has not significantly affected the triage decisions made by our physician-paramedic teams.

Introduction to the special issue on the personality assessment inventory.

PubMed

Kurtz, John E; Blais, Mark A

2007-02-01

This special issue of the Journal of Personality Assessment brings together 13 new research studies on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1991) that should inform users and stimulate future empirical activity with this measure. In 4 articles, authors evaluate the validity scales and indexes of the PAI using both analog and criterion designs and samples from a variety of clinical and forensic settings. In a 5th article, the authors describe a novel approach to profile interpretation using two PAI negative distortion measures. The authors present applications of the PAI to new populations and problems including a German translation of the PAI and profile information for male batterers and victims of head injury. The authors of 2 studies extend research on the validity of the PAI for the assessment of borderline personality disorder. In the final 3 studies, the authors evaluate the validity of PAI measures of violence and aggression to predict subsequent aggressive behavior and institutional misconduct. Finally, the authors offer several suggestions for future research with the PAI.

Exploring Conceptions about Writing and Learning: Undergraduates' Patterns of Beliefs and the Quality of Academic Writing (Acercamiento a las concepciones sobre la escritura y el aprendizaje: patrones de creencias de los universitarios y la calidad de su redacción académica)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martínez-Fernández, J. R.; Corcelles, M.; Bañales, G.; Castelló, M.; Gutiérrez-Braojos, C.

2016-01-01

Introduction: In this study, the conceptions of learning and writing of a group of undergraduates enrolled in a teacher education programme were identified. The relationship between them were analysed, and a set of patterns of beliefs about learning and writing were defined. Finally, the relation between these patterns and the quality of a text…

Development in the Workplace.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Demick, Jack, Ed.; Miller, Patrice M., Ed.

This book contains edited versions of papers from a symposium on adult development and a final integrative chapter. The following papers are included: "Introduction" (Jack Demick, Patrice Miller); "Influences of World View on Personality, Epistemology, and Choice of Profession" (Melvin Miller, Alan West); "Developmental Conceptions of Good Work: A…

77 FR 181 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-55; Introduction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-03

... System. VI Updated Financial 2010-005 Chambers. Accounting Standards Board Accounting References. VII... Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting References (FAR Case 2010-005) This final rule amends the... authoritative accounting standards owing to the Financial Accounting Standards Board's Accounting Standards...

TEMPS (Transportable EMP Simulator) Final Report. Volume 2. Appendixes

DTIC Science & Technology

1973-08-01

Electromagnetic pulse Pulser system Pulse generator 20. ASSTRPACT (Confirma an reverse ese It neessary and IdmntSIy by Weeck pmbff) This report...Research Institute I>, PIFR-372 A.1 INTRODUCTION The Transportable Electromagnetic Pulse Simulator (TEMPS) was built for the Harry Diamond Laboratories

Safety of lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide battery packs in transit bus applications : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-10-01

The future of mass transportation is clearly moving toward the increased efficiency and greenhouse gas reduction of hybrid and electric vehicles. With the introduction of high-power/high-energy storage devices such as lithium ion battery systems serv...

A laboratory comparison of clockwise and counter-clockwise rapidly rotating shift schedules, part I, sleep : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-05-01

INTRODUCTION. Many air traffic control specialists work relatively unique counter-clockwise, rapidly rotating shift schedules. Researchers recommend, however, that if rotating schedules are to be used, they should rotate in a clockwise, rather than a...

76 FR 68189 - Healthcare Technology Holdings, Inc.; Analysis of Proposed Agreement Containing Consent Orders To...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-03

... FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION [File No. 111 0097] Healthcare Technology Holdings, Inc.; Analysis of... Public Comment I. Introduction The Federal Trade Commission (``Commission'') has accepted from Healthcare Technology Holdings, Inc. (``Healthcare Technology''), subject to final approval, an Agreement Containing...

Analyses of Measures of Segregation and Desegregation. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clotfelter, Charles

This report examines the meaning and utility of several different desegregation-related measures relevant to Federal policy and technical assistance. Following the introduction, Section II discusses alternative measures of school segregation and desegregation. Major indices are compared, using a hypothetical school district for illustrative…

Corrigendum to 'The global relevance of the Scotia Arc: An introduction'

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maldonado, Andrés; Dalziel, Ian W. D.; Leat, Philip T.

2015-10-01

The authors and the journal regret that the printed version of the above article was not included in the special issue ;SCOTIA ARC EVOLUTION: GLOBAL IMPLICATIONS;. The correct and final version follows. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

The effect of varying the introduction mode of reactants on electrical, physical and thermal stability properties of polypyrrole synthesized with CTAB

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vahidi, K.; Jalili, Y. Seyed; Salar Elahi, A.

2017-10-01

Electrical and physical properties of conducting polymers are generally enhanced via modifications in the chemical structure of the final product, there appears to be a void in facile physical means to improve the materials' properties without utilizing additives which remain in the final product as impurity. In this research, we presented the effect of altering the introduction method of reactants in emulsion polymerization of PPy with CTAB on the electrical, physical and stability properties of the final product. Three samples were prepared: one via a conventional non-emulsion polymerization method as a reference sample, the second in which the reactants were added simultaneously and the goal sample in which the monomer/surfactant mixture was allowed to be stirred separately then it was added dropwise to the oxidant solution. UV-vis, FTIR, 4-point Van Derr Paw probe, FESEM and contact angle measurements were used to investigate optical, electrical, physical, heat stability and solubility properties of the samples. The results indicate that since in the final sample a higher portion of the reaction occurred on the hydrophobic interior of the micelles, the final material had a lower number of structural and chemical defects which leads to higher conjugation lengths and thus higher properties such as a 9-fold difference in conductivity and improved solubility and thermal stability. The novelty of this work lies in the simplicity of the alterations that have been made, both in terms of optimization of the synthetic route which had been thoroughly investigated and also in terms of the differences that our work poses compared to that of the others; namely: the parameters have been thoroughly studied and analyzed but not the method of addition as in our experiments the sequence of addition and the method of addition of the reactants were altered to observe their effect on the physical and the electronic properties which has led to the conclusion that in case of drop-wise addition, a larger portion of the reaction occurs inside the micelles hence giving rise to inhibition of the defect-producing chemical bonds which is supported by the analysis in our investigations.

Controlled field testing : Puget Sound Help Me (PuSHMe) operational test. Task 2 technical memorandum : final report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-10-01

This report provides a general introduction to the use of panel designs in transportation surveys. Through examples drawn from the transportation literature, it illustrates how panel designs can be used to address a variety of transportation issues. ...

Introduction of fracture resistance to the design and evaluation of open graded friction courses in Florida : final report, July 2009.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-07-01

A dog-bone direct tension test (DBDT) to accurately determine tensile properties of asphalt concrete, : including OGFC, was conceived, developed and validated. Resilient modulus, creep, and strength tests : were performed at multiple temperatures on ...

19 CFR 351.309 - Written argument.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Written argument. 351.309 Section 351.309 Customs... Information and Argument § 351.309 Written argument. (a) Introduction. Written argument may be submitted... these documents. (b) Written argument—(1) In general. In making the final determination in a...

The introduction of modern timber bridges in Virginia : a final report on the Virginia timber bridge initiative.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-01-01

In 1990, the Virginia General Assembly established a commission to propose and enhance the economic development of the Southside region of the Commonwealth, the tier of largely rural counties across the southern border. The commission's 1991 report, ...

Getting started with the model for improvement: psychology and leadership in quality improvement.

PubMed

Pratap, J Nick; Varughese, Anna M; Adler, Elena; Kurth, C Dean

2013-02-01

Although the case for quality in hospitals is compelling, doctors are often uncertain how to achieve it. This article forms the third and final part of a series providing practical guidance on getting started with a first quality improvement project. Introduction.

Voices - Finally, proof revalidation is not the nightmare many feared, says Janet Finch.

PubMed

Finch, Dame Janet

2016-05-18

I come from an academic background, so am acutely aware of the importance of measuring outcomes in quantifiable terms. I was pleased with our latest revalidation figures because they clearly show that the introduction of the process has been a major success.

An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2

DOE PAGES

Sjöstrand, Torbjörn; Ask, Stefan; Christiansen, Jesper R.; ...

2015-02-11

The Pythia program is a standard tool for the generation of events in high-energy collisions, comprising a coherent set of physics models for the evolution from a few-body hard process to a complex multiparticle final state. It contains a library of hard processes, models for initial- and final-state parton showers, matching and merging methods between hard processes and parton showers, multiparton interactions, beam remnants, string fragmentation and particle decays. It also has a set of utilities and several interfaces to external programs. Pythia 8.2 is the second main release after the complete rewrite from Fortran to C++, and now hasmore » reached such a maturity that it offers a complete replacement for most applications, notably for LHC physics studies. Lastly, the many new features should allow an improved description of data.« less

[Introduction of capillary glycosylated haemoglobin determination in a Primary Care Health Area: Multicentre study of the evolution of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

PubMed

Núñez-Sánchez, M Á; Cervantes-Cuesta, M Á; Brocal-Ibañez, P; Salmeron-Arjona, E; León-Martínez, L P; Cerezo-Sanmartin, M

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a joint intervention that included educational components, self-assessment, and information to optimise diabetes control through the introduction of instant capillary glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) determination in Primary Care. A multicentre prospective descriptive study was carried out over 3years in 10Primary Care Centres of the Area VII Murcia East. At the end of the study there were 804 patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2). Patients were divided into 4 groups based on initial values of HbA1c, and if changes in their treatment were needed. HbA1c, body mass index, and blood pressure were monitored. A financial assessment was also performed on the impact of the implementation of a protocol to measure instant capillary RESULTS: A significant reduction was observed in HbA1c values. The initial HbA1c mean value was 7.4±1.4%, which decreased to a final value of 6.9±1.0% (P<.001). At the end of the study, 71.4% of patients included reached diabetic control objectives. In addition, the financial assessment demonstrated that the implementation of this diabetes control system led to a decrease of the 24.7% in spending on glucose strips after the first year of study in Area VII Murcia Health Service. The introduction of capillary HbA1c determination in Primary Care has demonstrated to improve diabetes control and the efficiency of the health personnel. Furthermore, a reduction in the health costs of patients with DM2 was also shown. Copyright © 2016 SECA. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Consumer preferences regarding the introduction of new organic products. The case of the Mediterranean sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in Italy.

PubMed

Mauracher, C; Tempesta, T; Vecchiato, D

2013-04-01

The introduction of new products on the market poses several challenges; in particular, whether the characteristics of the proposed product will be judged positively by potential consumers. This paper analyses the preferences of consumers regarding the introduction on the Italian market of a new product: organic Mediterranean sea bass. The aim of this study is to assess the importance given by consumers to four main characteristics of sea bass (country of origin, size, production method - organic or conventional - and price) so as to be able to formulate marketing strategies. We applied a choice experiment (CE) in order to define not only the ordinal ranking of preferences but also the willingness to pay (WTP) for the key characteristics of the newly-introduced product. We found that consumers show a higher WTP for the sea bass country of origin than for the breeding method used. Our results suggest that while organic aquaculture might be a new and important strategy for diversification, if suitable communication, either from a public policy or commercial perspective, and labelling/certification are not taken into consideration, the added value of the production method might not be perceived by the final consumers. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Hybrid input-output approach to metal production and its application to the introduction of lead-free solders.

PubMed

Nakamura, Shinichiro; Murakami, Shinsuke; Nakajima, Kenichi; Nagasaka, Tetsuya

2008-05-15

The production process of metals such as copper, lead, and zinc is characterized by mutual interconnections and interdependence, as well as by the occurrence of a large number of byproducts, which include precious or rare metals, such as gold, silver, bismuth, and indium. On the basis of the framework of waste input-output (WIO), we present a hybrid 10 model that takes full account of the mutual interdependence among the metal production processes and the interdependence between them and all the other production sectors of the economy as well. The combination of a comprehensive representation of the whole national economy and the introduction of process knowledge of metal production allows for a detailed analysis of different materials-use scenarios under the consideration of full supply chain effects. For illustration, a hypothetical case study of the introduction of lead-free solder involving the production of silver as a byproduct of copper and lead smelting processes was developed and implemented using Japanese data. To meet the increased demand for the recovery and recycling of silver resources from end-of-life products, the final destination of metal silver in terms of products and user categories was estimated, and the target components with the highest silver concentration were identified.

Relapse of incisor crowding: a visit to the Prince of Salina.

PubMed

López-Areal, Luis; Gandía, Jose-Luis

2013-03-01

The management of the retention period after comprehensive orthodontic treatment is of great importance, as a primary goal of clinician. Considerable controversy still surrounds the problem of stability after the retention period. Many studies analyze factors associated to the presence of crowding or incisor irregularity and find predictive features on its relapse. Most studies have reported little o no correlation between the treatment changes in the biological parameters - clinical, biometric (irregularity index, intermolar width, intercanine width, arch length, overjet, overbite), or cephalometric variables- that ocurred and the posttretament and postretention changes that may predict their future development. This article provides a bibliographical overview on the relapse of dental alignment in treated cases. In a brief historical introduction, the first studies on the long-term stability of orthodontic results are analysed. The article then goes on to assess studies that focus attention on anteroinferior alignment before finally studying relapse of upper crowding. It concludes by making some final comments in the light of the bibliography provided and the differents schools regarding retention needs and methods.

Development of Scaffolds for Light Harvesting and Photocatalysis from the Coat Protein of Tobacco Mosaic Virus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dedeo, Michel Toussaint

The utility of a previously developed TMV-based light harvesting system has been dramatically expanded through the introduction of reactive handles for the site-specific modification of the interior and exterior surfaces. Further experiments to reengineer the coat protein have produced structures with unique, unexpected, and useful assembly properties that complement the newly available surface modifications. Energy transfer from chromophores in the RNA channel of self-assembled TMV structures to the exterior was made possible by conjugation of acceptor dyes and porphyrins to the N-terminus. By repositioning the N-terminus to the pore through circular permutation, this process was repeated to create structures that mimic the light harvesting 1 complex of photosynthetic bacteria. To study and improve upon natural photosynthesis, closely packed chromophore arrays and gold nanoparticles were tethered to the pore of stabilized TMV disks through introduction of a uniquely reactive lysine. Finally, a dimeric TMV coat protein was produced to control the distribution and arrangement of synthetic groups with synergistic activity.

Echinococcus multilocularis on Svalbard: introduction of an intermediate host has enabled the local life-cycle.

PubMed

Henttonen, H; Fuglei, E; Gower, C N; Haukisalmi, V; Ims, R A; Niemimaa, J; Yoccoz, N G

2001-12-01

The taeniid tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis is here reported for the first time at the Svalbard Archipelago in the Norwegian Arctic. This new finding is interesting because the establishment of E. multilocularis is due to a recent anthropogenic introduction of its intermediate host--the sibling vole Microtus rossiaemeridionalis at Svalbard. The parasite itself has probably become naturally transferred to Svalbard due to migratory movements of its final host--the arctic fox Alopex lagopus between source areas for E. multilocularis in Siberia and Svalbard. We report macroscopically determined prevalence of E. multilocularis from a sample of 224 voles trapped in August in 1999 and 2000. The prevalence was among the highest ever recorded in intermediate hosts and was dependent on age and sex of the hosts approaching 100% in overwintered males. The high prevalence and the simplicity of the vole-arctic fox-E. multilocularis system at Svalbard makes it an eminent model system for further epidemiological studies.

77 FR 27545 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-59; Introduction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-10

... Revision of Cost 2012-003 Chambers. Accounting Standards Threshold. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Summaries... substantial number of small entities. Item III--Revision of Cost Accounting Standards Threshold (FAR Case 2012-003) This final rule revises the cost accounting standards (CAS) threshold in order to implement in...

15 CFR Supplement No. 13 to Part 760 - Interpretation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., who has retained the right of final selection, the ability to reject, for boycott-related reasons, any... introduction of a contractual clause into tender documents issued by boycotting country governments. This... agreeing to refuse to do business for boycott reasons. The apparent attempt to bring this language within...

75 FR 38673 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-43; Introduction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-02

... Web site at http://www.fema.gov/business/contractor.shtm . The Registry covers domestic disaster and... Analyst I Government Property.... 2008-011 Parnell II......... Registry of Disaster 2008-035 Gary Response...--Registry of Disaster Response Contractors (FAR Case 2008-035) This final rule adopts, without change, the...

Project D. E. A. F. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hairston, Ernest E.

Project D.E.A.F., its introduction and background, purpose, clientele, methodology, and activities, are described. Project D.E.A.F. was established by an expansion grant from the Rehabilitation Service Administration of the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, in cooperation with the Ohio Bureau of Vocational Rehabilitation for the purpose…

Supporting At-Risk Learners: Introduction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hutchinson, Nancy

2015-01-01

In its final report, the At-risk Working Group, which reported to the Ontario Minister of Education, described at-risk secondary students as performing significantly below the provincial standard, failing to meet curriculum expectations, and being disengaged from school (O'Connor, 2003, p. 5). In this special issue, authors examine this topic,…

ON THE SUBJECT OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING

PubMed Central

Ugoni, Antony

1993-01-01

In this paper, the definition of a statistical hypothesis is discussed, and the considerations which need to be addressed when testing a hypothesis. In particular, the p-value, significance level, and power of a test are reviewed. Finally, the often quoted confidence interval is given a brief introduction. PMID:17989768

I Have to Take This Psychology Stuff with Research Too--Really?!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lovell, Elyse D'nn; Karr, Elizabeth

2013-01-01

The excitement was palpable as the day had finally come -- Research Day! Introduction to Psychology students in a community college who were earning vocational and transfer degrees had become fledging researchers, exuberant to share their knowledge with peers, instructors, their families and community members. Students presented their research…

Entrepreneurship and Student Motivation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vorholt, Julie; Harris, Erica

2014-01-01

This article describes a three-week project-based unit on entrepreneurship conducted with students in communications classes in an Academic English context. A detailed road map of the project is given, starting with an introduction and ending with final presentations and poster sessions. Students were motivated by their own interests in business…

76 FR 14541 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-50; Introduction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-16

... measurement of pension cost,'' and 415 ``Accounting for the cost of deferred compensation.'' Formerly, the... Chambers. Consistency of Cost Accounting Practices for Contracts Awarded to Foreign Concerns. IX... of Cost Accounting Practices for Contracts Awarded to Foreign Concerns (FAR Case 2009-025) This final...

Review of Procurement Practices in the Montgomery County Public Schools. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Touche Ross and Co., Washington, DC.

Following a management summary and introduction, chapters 3 and 4 of this report present findings and recommendations related to the Montgomery County, Maryland, Public Schools process of procuring supplies and equipment (food supplies, fuel oil, warehouse supplies, and maintenance parts) and contractual services (data processing maintenance,…

77 FR 48108 - Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Clothes Washers: Public Meeting and Availability of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-13

... written comments on potential amended standards, including comments on the issues identified in the... Legal Authority II. Test Procedures III. Energy Conservation Standards I. Introduction and Legal... the date of publication of the final standards. II. Test Procedures EPCA requires that CCWs use the...

Assessment of Techniques for Evaluating Computer Systems for Federal Agency Procurements. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Letmanyi, Helen

Developed to identify and qualitatively assess computer system evaluation techniques for use during acquisition of general purpose computer systems, this document presents several criteria for comparison and selection. An introduction discusses the automatic data processing (ADP) acquisition process and the need to plan for uncertainty through…

Role Delineation Refinement and Verification. The Comprehensive Report. Final Report, October 1, 1978-July 31, 1980.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garrett, Gary L.; Zinsmeister, Joanne T.

This document reports research focusing on physical therapists and physical therapist assistant role delineation refinement and verification; entry-level role determinations; and translation of these roles into an examination development protocol and examination blueprint specifications. Following an introduction, section 2 describes the survey…

An Introduction to Teacher Retirement Benefits

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hansen, Janet S.

2010-01-01

Like most other state and local government employees, teachers participate primarily in defined benefit pension plans whose benefits are largely based on final average salaries and length of service. Such pensions have been replaced in many private sector firms by defined contribution pensions. A number of questions have arisen about the…

75 FR 34255 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-42; Introduction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-16

... Designated Country--Taiwan 2009-014 Sakalos. VIII....... Nonavailable Articles 2009-013 Davis. IX... Organization Agreement on Government Procurement. Item VIII--Nonavailable Articles (FAR Case 2009-013) This final rule amends FAR 25.104(a) to add certain items to the list of articles not available from domestic...

30 CFR 936.30 - State-Federal Cooperative Agreement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...: Article I: Introduction, Purpose, and Responsible Agencies A. This Agreement is authorized by section 523... this Agreement on behalf of the Secretary. Article II: Effective Date After being signed by the... Register as a final rule. This Agreement shall remain in effect until terminated as provided in Article XI...

How well do final year undergraduate medical students master practical clinical skills?

PubMed Central

Störmann, Sylvère; Stankiewicz, Melanie; Raes, Patricia; Berchtold, Christina; Kosanke, Yvonne; Illes, Gabrielle; Loose, Peter; Angstwurm, Matthias W.

2016-01-01

Introduction: The clinical examination and other practical clinical skills are fundamental to guide diagnosis and therapy. The teaching of such practical skills has gained significance through legislative changes and adjustments of the curricula of medical schools in Germany. We sought to find out how well final year undergraduate medical students master practical clinical skills. Methods: We conducted a formative 4-station objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) focused on practical clinical skills during the final year of undergraduate medical education. Participation was voluntary. Besides the examination of heart, lungs, abdomen, vascular system, lymphatic system as well as the neurological, endocrinological or orthopaedic examination we assessed other basic clinical skills (e.g. interpretation of an ECG, reading a chest X-ray). Participants filled-out a questionnaire prior to the exam, inter alia to give an estimate of their performance. Results: 214 final year students participated in our study and achieved a mean score of 72.8% of the total score obtainable. 9.3% of participants (n=20) scored insufficiently (<60%). We found no influence of sex, prior training in healthcare or place of study on performance. Only one third of the students correctly estimated their performance (35.3%), whereas 30.0% and 18.8% over-estimated their performance by 10% and 20% respectively. Discussion: Final year undergraduate medical students demonstrate considerable deficits performing practical clinical skills in the context of a formative assessment. Half of the students over-estimate their own performance. We recommend an institutionalised and frequent assessment of practical clinical skills during undergraduate medical education, especially in the final year. PMID:27579358

Understanding the effects of diffusion and relaxation in magnetic resonance imaging using computational modeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Russell, Greg

The work described in this dissertation was motivated by a desire to better understand the cellular pathology of ischemic stroke. Two of the three bodies of research presented herein address and issue directly related to the investigation of ischemic stroke through the use of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWMRI) methods. The first topic concerns the development of a computationally efficient finite difference method, designed to evaluate the impact of microscopic tissue properties on the formation of DWMRI signal. For the second body of work, the effect of changing the intrinsic diffusion coefficient of a restricted sample on clinical DWMRI experiments is explored. The final body of work, while motivated by the desire to understand stroke, addresses the issue of acquiring large amounts of MRI data well suited for quantitative analysis in reduced scan time. In theory, the method could be used to generate quantitative parametric maps, including those depicting information gleaned through the use of DWMRI methods. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to several topics. A description of the use of DWMRI methods in the study of ischemic stroke is covered. An introduction to the fundamental physical principles at work in MRI is also provided. In this section the means by which magnetization is created in MRI experiments, how MRI signal is induced, as well as the influence of spin-spin and spin-lattice relaxation are discussed. Attention is also given to describing how MRI measurements can be sensitized to diffusion through the use of qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the process. Finally, the reader is given a brief introduction to the use of numerical methods for solving partial differential equations. In Chapters 2, 3 and 4, three related bodies of research are presented in terms of research papers. In Chapter 2, a novel computational method is described. The method reduces the computation resources required to simulate DWMRI experiments. In Chapter 3, a detailed study on how changes in the intrinsic intracellular diffusion coefficient may influence clinical DWMRI experiments is described. In Chapter 4, a novel, non-steady state quantitative MRI method is described.

Understanding the legal trade of cattle and camels and the derived risk of Rift Valley Fever introduction into and transmission within Egypt

PubMed Central

Chevalier, Veronique; Busquets, Núria; Calistri, Paolo; Casal, Jordi; Attia, Mohamed; Elbassal, Rehab; Hosni, Heba; Farrag, Hatem; Hassan, Noura; Tawfik, Rasha; Abd Elkader, Sohair; Bayomy, Shahin

2018-01-01

Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne zoonosis, which may cause significant losses for the livestock sector and have serious public health implications. Egypt has been repeatedly affected by RVF epidemics, mainly associated to the importation of animals from sub-Saharan countries, where the disease is endemic. The objective of our study was the improvement of the surveillance and control strategies implemented in Egypt. In order to do that, first we evaluated the legal trade of live animals into and within Egypt. Then, we assessed the risk of Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) transmission within the country using a multi-criteria evaluation approach. Finally, we combined the animal trade and the risk of RVFV transmission data to identify those areas and periods in which the introduction of RVFV is more likely. Our results indicate that the main risk of RVFV introduction is posed by the continuous flow of large number of camels coming from Sudan. The risk of RVFV transmission by vectors is restricted to the areas surrounding the Nile river, and does not vary significantly throughout the year. Imported camels are taken to quarantines, where the risk of RVFV transmission by vectors is generally low. Then, they are taken to animal markets or slaughterhouses, many located in populated areas, where the risk of RVFV transmission to animals or humans is much higher. The measures currently implemented (quarantines, vaccination or testing) seem to have a limited effect in reducing the risk of RVFV introduction, and therefore other (risk-based) surveillance strategies are proposed. PMID:29351273

Implications of deregulation in natural gas industry on utility risks and returns

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Addepalli, Rajendra P.

This thesis examines the changes in risk and required return on capital for local distribution utility companies in the increasingly competitive natural gas industry. The deregulation in the industry impacts the LDCs in several ways. First, with the introduction of competition consumers have been given choices among suppliers besides the traditional monopoly, the local utility, for purchasing their natural gas supply needs. Second, with the introduction of competition, some of the interstate pipelines were stuck with 'Take Or Pay' contracts and other costs that resulted in 'stranded costs', which have been passed on to customers of the pipeline including the LDCs. Third, the new obligation for the LDCs to purchase gas from the market, as opposed to buying it from pipelines and passing on the costs to its customers, brought opportunities and risks as well. Finally, with the introduction of competition, in some states LDCs have been allowed to enter into unregulated ventures to increase their profits. In the thesis we first develop a multifactor model (MFM) to explain historical common stock returns of individual utilities and of utility portfolios. We use 'rolling regression' analysis to analyze how different variables explain the variation in stock returns over time. Second, we conduct event studies to analyze the events in the deregulation process that had significant impacts on the LDC returns. Finally we assess the changes in risk and required return on capital for the LDCs over a 15 year time frame, covering the deregulation period. We employ four aspects in the examination of risk and return profile of the utilities: measuring (a) changes in required return on common equity and Weighted Average Cost of Capital, (b) changes in risk premium (WACC less an interest rate proxy), (c) changes in utility bond ratings, and (d) changes in dividend payments, new debt and equity issuances. We perform regression analysis to explain the changes in the required WACC using new security issuances, dividend payments and revenues of the companies.

Introduction to the Navigation Team: Johnson Space Center EG6 Internship

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gualdoni, Matthew

2017-01-01

The EG6 navigation team at NASA Johnson Space Center, like any team of engineers, interacts with the engineering process from beginning to end; from exploring solutions to a problem, to prototyping and studying the implementations, all the way to polishing and verifying a final flight-ready design. This summer, I was privileged enough to gain exposure to each of these processes, while also getting to truly experience working within a team of engineers. My summer can be broken up into three projects: i) Initial study and prototyping: investigating a manual navigation method that can be utilized onboard Orion in the event of catastrophic failure of navigation systems; ii) Finalizing and verifying code: altering a software routine to improve its robustness and reliability, as well as designing unit tests to verify its performance; and iii) Development of testing equipment: assisting in developing and integrating of a high-fidelity testbed to verify the performance of software and hardware.

Recent advances in electrospun nanofibers for wound healing.

PubMed

Chen, Shixuan; Liu, Bing; Carlson, Mark A; Gombart, Adrian F; Reilly, Debra A; Xie, Jingwei

2017-06-01

Electrospun nanofibers represent a novel class of materials that show great potential in many biomedical applications including biosensing, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, drug delivery and wound healing. In this work, we review recent advances in electrospun nanofibers for wound healing. This article begins with a brief introduction on the wound, and then discusses the unique features of electrospun nanofibers critical for wound healing. It further highlights recent studies that have used electrospun nanofibers for wound healing applications and devices, including sutures, multifunctional dressings, dermal substitutes, engineered epidermis and full-thickness skin regeneration. Finally, we finish with conclusions and future perspective in this field.

Antennas in matter: Fundamentals, theory, and applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

King, R. W. P.; Smith, G. S.; Owens, M.; Wu, T. T.

1981-01-01

The volume provides an introduction to antennas and probes embedded within or near material bodies such as the earth, the ocean, or a living organism. After a fundamental analysis of insulated and bare antennas, an advanced treatment of antennas in various media is presented, including a detailed study of the electromagnetic equations in homogeneous isotropic media, the complete theory of the bare dipole in a general medium, and a rigorous analysis of the insulated antenna as well as bare and insulated loop antennas. Finally, experimental models and measuring techniques related to antennas and probes in a general dissipative or dielectric medium are examined.

An introduction to shuttle/LDEF retrieval operations: The R-bar approach option. [orbital mechanics and braking schedule

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hall, W. M.

1978-01-01

Simulated orbiter direct approaches during long duration exposure facility (LDEF) retrieval operations reveal that the resultant orbiter jet plume fields can significantly disturb LDEF. An alternate approach technique which utilizes orbital mechanics forces in lieu of jets to brake the final orbiter/LDEF relative motion during the final approach, is described. Topics discussed include: rendezvous operations from the terminal phase initiation burn through braking at some standoff distance from LDEF, pilot and copilot activities, the cockpit instrumentation employed, and a convenient coordinate frame for studying the relative motion between two orbiting bodies. The basic equations of motion for operating on the LDEF radius vector are introduced. Practical considerations of implementing an R-bar approach, namely, orbiter/LDEF relative state uncertainties and orbiter control system limitations are explored. A possible R-bar approach strategy is developed and demonstrated.

Introduction of e-learning in dental radiology reveals significantly improved results in final examination.

PubMed

Meckfessel, Sandra; Stühmer, Constantin; Bormann, Kai-Hendrik; Kupka, Thomas; Behrends, Marianne; Matthies, Herbert; Vaske, Bernhard; Stiesch, Meike; Gellrich, Nils-Claudius; Rücker, Martin

2011-01-01

Because a traditionally instructed dental radiology lecture course is very time-consuming and labour-intensive, online courseware, including an interactive-learning module, was implemented to support the lectures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of students who have worked with web-based courseware as well as the effect on their results in final examinations. Users (n(3+4)=138) had access to the e-program from any networked computer at any time. Two groups (n(3)=71, n(4)=67) had to pass a final exam after using the e-course. Results were compared with two groups (n(1)=42, n(2)=48) who had studied the same content by attending traditional lectures. In addition a survey of the students was statistically evaluated. Most of the respondents reported a positive attitude towards e-learning and would have appreciated more access to computer-assisted instruction. Two years after initiating the e-course the failure rate in the final examination dropped significantly, from 40% to less than 2%. The very positive response to the e-program and improved test scores demonstrated the effectiveness of our e-course as a learning aid. Interactive modules in step with clinical practice provided learning that is not achieved by traditional teaching methods alone. To what extent staff savings are possible is part of a further study. Copyright © 2010 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Social Demand of New Generation Information Network: Introduction to High Spectral Density Optical Communication Technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamiya, Takeshi; Miyazaki, Tetsuya; Kubota, Fumito

In this section, first, current situation of traffic growth and penetration of broadband services are described. Then social demand, technical issues, and research trend for future information network in the United States, Europe, and Japan are described. Finally, a detailed construction of this book is introduced.

An Introduction to Teacher Retirement Benefits. Conference Paper 2009-01

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hansen, Janet

2009-01-01

Like most other state and local government employees, teachers participate primarily in defined benefit pension plans whose benefits are based on final average salaries and length of service. Such pensions have been replaced in many private sector firms by defined contribution pensions. A number of questions have arisen about the feasibility and…

Youth Serving the Community: Realistic Public Service Roles for Young Workers. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Child Labor Committee, New York, NY.

This report on youth employment programs is intended to help prime sponsors and program operators implement innovative youth employment efforts under the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) and the Youth Employment and Demonstration Project Act (YEDPA). The content is in two chapters. Chapter 1 covers the introduction, meeting…

76 FR 24575 - General Working Conditions in Shipyard Employment

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-02

.... Background A. References and Exhibits B. Introduction C. Events Leading to the Final Rule D. Hazards II... standard is both technologically and economically feasible. The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601..., 1972) pursuant to section 6(a) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSH Act) (29 U.S.C...

Library Information System Time-Sharing (LISTS) Project. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Black, Donald V.

The Library Information System Time-Sharing (LISTS) experiment was based on three innovations in data processing technology: (1) the advent of computer time-sharing on third-generation machines, (2) the development of general-purpose file-management software and (3) the introduction of large, library-oriented data bases. The main body of the…

Senior Staff Meeting

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

Herbert Lengler fait l'introduction et remercie le DG, les directeurs et le vice président de l'association du personnel pour leur présence. Il parlera des activités depuis la dernière réunion et fera des commentaires sur l'"Abragam Commitee Final Report". Une discussion suivra sur plusieurs points importants.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Korte, Andrew R

This thesis presents efforts to improve the methodology of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) as a method for analysis of metabolites from plant tissue samples. The first chapter consists of a general introduction to the technique of MALDI-MSI, and the sixth and final chapter provides a brief summary and an outlook on future work.

Single-Sex Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Protheroe, Nancy

2009-01-01

Although single-sex education was once the norm in the U.S., the practice has largely been confined to private schools for more than a century. However, with the introduction of the final version of the U.S. Department of Education's so-called single-sex regulations in 2006, public schools were allowed greater flexibility to offer single-sex…

Demonstration of Cataloging Support Services and Marc II Conversion. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buckland, Lawrence F.; And Others

Beginning in December, 1967, the New England Library Information Network (NELINET) was demonstrated in actual operation using Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC I) bibliographic data. Section 1 of this report is an introduction and summary of the project. Section 2 described the library processing function demonstrated which included catalog card…

Research Related to Native Peoples at the University of Saskatchewan, 1912-1983.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barnett, Don C.; Dyer, Aldrich J.

The volume on University of Saskatchewan graduate theses related to Canadian native peoples (Indian, Inuit, Metis) contains a brief introduction, followed by abstracts of 62 thesis projects (1912-1982), and a final section of statistics, charts, summaries, and discussions related to the abstracted research. Each research abstract consists of three…

78 FR 22024 - Twenty First Meeting: RTCA Special Committee 216, Aeronautical Systems Security (Joint Meeting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-12

... plenary Joint Plenary [cir] Subgroup status reports [cir] Review schedule and decide on readiness of documents for Final Review and Comment [cir] Identify next steps 3:00 p.m. (1500) Wrap-Up, Adjourn...: Monday, May 13, 2013 Introductions High-level document status Review level of maturity of contributions...

Assessment Component of the California New Teacher Project: Second Year Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Estes, Gary D.; And Others

The California New Teacher Project (CNTP) commissioned pilot tests of assessment instruments during 1990. This document is the final report and analysis of the administration and scoring of these assessment instruments. The document, organized into 11 chapters, begins with an introduction describing research on new and experienced teachers,…

O*NET Final Technical Report. Volume I [and] Volume II [and] Volume III.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Norman G.; Mumford, Michael D.; Borman, Walter C.; Jeanneret, P. Richard; Fleishman, Edwin A.; Levin, Kerry Y.

This document contains the three volumes of the technical report for development of the prototype of the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), which is intended to replace the "Dictionary of Occupational Titles.""General Introduction" (Norman G. Peterson) presents an overview of O*NET's purpose, content, and structure.…

Fire Fighter Level I-II-III [and] Practical Skills Test. Wisconsin Fire Service Certification Series. Final Revision.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pribyl, Paul F.

Practical skills tests are provided for fire fighter trainees in the Wisconsin Fire Service Certification Series, Fire Fighter Levels I, II, and III. A course introduction appears first and contains this information: recommended instructional sequence, required facilities, instructional methodology, requirements for certification, course…

Introduction: Addressing Air Pollution and Health Science Questions to Inform Science and Policy

EPA Science Inventory

This special issue of Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health (AQAH) is the sixth and final in a series of special journal issues (Solomon 2010, 2011a, b; Solomon et al. 2011; Solomon 2012) associated with the 2010 Air Pollution and Heath Conference: Bridging the Gap between Sources ...

Budget Execution (O&M,N) at Navy Shore Activities.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-12-01

training emphasis at shore commands. Finally, appropriate recommendations for system improvements and further research are made. II II DD O 73 23 14...improvements and further research are made. 44 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. INTRODUCTION --------------------------------------- 11 A. GENERAL...253 11. General Conclusion ------------------------- 254 D. FURTHER RESEARCH -------------------------------255 E. CONCLUDING REMARKS

75 FR 13411 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-39; Introduction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-19

... Defense Authorization Act. V Trade Agreements--Costa Rica, Oman, and Peru. 2008-036 Sakalos. VI Payments...--Costa Rica, Oman, and Peru (FAR Case 2008- 036) The Councils have adopted as final, without change, an... Rica, the United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement, and the United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement...

Evaluation of GALAXY Classroom Science for Grades 3-5. Final Report. Executive Summary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guth, Gloria J. A.; Austin, Susan; DeLong, Bo; Pasta, David J.; Block, Clifford

The GALAXY Classroom is a package of integrated curricular and instructional approaches, supported by the first U.S. interactive satellite communications network designed to facilitate the introduction of innovative curricula to improve student learning in elementary schools. GALAXY Classroom Science for grades 3-5 features the organization of…

Antibiotic resistance patterns in E. coli and Salmonella isolates recovered from commercially vailable compost

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Introduction: Compost is used by both conventional and organic farming practices as an eco-friendly means to enhance soil properties and to reduce fertilizer inputs. Inadequate composting may lead to residual human pathogens (e.g. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp.) in the final compost ...

Antibiotic resistance patterns in E. coli and Salmonella isolates recovered from commercially available compost

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Introduction: Compost is used by both conventional and organic farming practices as an eco-friendly means to enhance soil properties and to reduce fertilizer inputs. Inadequate composting may lead to residual human pathogens (e.g. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp.) in the final compost ...

A Program to Enhance the Effectiveness of Teaching Assistants.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY. Coll. of Engineering.

This manual is the final report on a two-year project to enhance the effectiveness of teaching assistants. It is designed as a workbook for persons conducting instructional programs for teaching assistants and is specific to teaching assistants in engineering and the natural sciences. The manual contains an introduction and six chapters. Chapter…

Introduction to Vocations. High Tech Focus. Final Report 1984-85.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wayne Township Schools, NJ.

This report contains the materials that were developed during a project to make middle-grade students more aware of high tech careers through the following activities: (1) teacher and student visitations of community sites to explore high tech careers in 15 occupational clusters; (2) exploratory activities to facilitate linkages and articulation…

Third Expert Consultation on RAMP (RAMP III) (Helsinki, Finland, September 13, 15 and 20, 1986). Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). General Information Programme.

Organized for the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (Unesco) by contract with the International Council on Archives (ICA), this meeting concerning the Records and Archives Management Programme (RAMP) was attended by 14 experts invited from Unesco member countries. Following a brief introduction, summaries are…

Practice‐based Research Network Research Good Practices (PRGPs): Summary of Recommendations

PubMed Central

Campbell‐Voytal, Kimberly; Daly, Jeanette; Nagykaldi, Zsolt J.; O'Beirne, Maeve; Sterling, Pamela; Fagnan, Lyle J.; Levy, Barcey; Michaels, LeAnn; Louks, Hannah A.; Smith, Paul; Aspy, Cheryl B.; Patterson, V. Beth; Kano, Miria; Sussman, Andrew L.; Williams, Robert; Neale, Anne Victoria

2015-01-01

Abstract Introduction Practice‐based research networks (PBRNs) conduct research in community settings, which poses quality control challenges to the integrity of research, such as study implementation and data collection. A foundation for improving research processes within PBRNs is needed to ensure research integrity. Methods Network directors and coordinators from seven U.S.‐based PBRNs worked with a professional team facilitator during semiannual in‐person meetings and monthly conference calls to produce content for a compendium of recommended research practices specific to the context of PBRNs. Participants were assigned to contribute content congruent with their expertise. Feedback on the draft document was obtained from attendees at the preconference workshop at the annual PBRN meeting in 2013. A revised document was circulated to additional PBRN peers prior to finalization. Results The PBRN Research Good Practices (PRGPs) document is organized into four chapters: (1) Building PBRN Infrastructure; (2) Study Development and Implementation; (3) Data Management, and (4) Dissemination Policies. Each chapter contains an introduction, detailed procedures for each section, and example resources with information links. Conclusion The PRGPs is a PBRN‐specific resource to facilitate PBRN management and staff training, to promote adherence to study protocols, and to increase validity and generalizability of study findings. PMID:26296309

From embodied mind to embodied robotics: humanities and system theoretical aspects.

PubMed

Mainzer, Klaus

2009-01-01

After an introduction (1) the article analyzes the evolution of the embodied mind (2), the innovation of embodied robotics (3), and finally discusses conclusions of embodied robotics for human responsibility (4). Considering the evolution of the embodied mind (2), we start with an introduction of complex systems and nonlinear dynamics (2.1), apply this approach to neural self-organization (2.2), distinguish degrees of complexity of the brain (2.3), explain the emergence of cognitive states by complex systems dynamics (2.4), and discuss criteria for modeling the brain as complex nonlinear system (2.5). The innovation of embodied robotics (3) is a challenge of future technology. We start with the distinction of symbolic and embodied AI (3.1) and explain embodied robots as dynamical systems (3.2). Self-organization needs self-control of technical systems (3.3). Cellular neural networks (CNN) are an example of self-organizing technical systems offering new avenues for neurobionics (3.4). In general, technical neural networks support different kinds of learning robots (3.5). Finally, embodied robotics aim at the development of cognitive and conscious robots (3.6).

Evaluation of adding item-response theory analysis for evaluation of the European Board of Ophthalmology Diploma examination.

PubMed

Mathysen, Danny G P; Aclimandos, Wagih; Roelant, Ella; Wouters, Kristien; Creuzot-Garcher, Catherine; Ringens, Peter J; Hawlina, Marko; Tassignon, Marie-José

2013-11-01

To investigate whether introduction of item-response theory (IRT) analysis, in parallel to the 'traditional' statistical analysis methods available for performance evaluation of multiple T/F items as used in the European Board of Ophthalmology Diploma (EBOD) examination, has proved beneficial, and secondly, to study whether the overall assessment performance of the current written part of EBOD is sufficiently high (KR-20≥ 0.90) to be kept as examination format in future EBOD editions. 'Traditional' analysis methods for individual MCQ item performance comprise P-statistics, Rit-statistics and item discrimination, while overall reliability is evaluated through KR-20 for multiple T/F items. The additional set of statistical analysis methods for the evaluation of EBOD comprises mainly IRT analysis. These analysis techniques are used to monitor whether the introduction of negative marking for incorrect answers (since EBOD 2010) has a positive influence on the statistical performance of EBOD as a whole and its individual test items in particular. Item-response theory analysis demonstrated that item performance parameters should not be evaluated individually, but should be related to one another. Before the introduction of negative marking, the overall EBOD reliability (KR-20) was good though with room for improvement (EBOD 2008: 0.81; EBOD 2009: 0.78). After the introduction of negative marking, the overall reliability of EBOD improved significantly (EBOD 2010: 0.92; EBOD 2011:0.91; EBOD 2012: 0.91). Although many statistical performance parameters are available to evaluate individual items, our study demonstrates that the overall reliability assessment remains the only crucial parameter to be evaluated allowing comparison. While individual item performance analysis is worthwhile to undertake as secondary analysis, drawing final conclusions seems to be more difficult. Performance parameters need to be related, as shown by IRT analysis. Therefore, IRT analysis has proved beneficial for the statistical analysis of EBOD. Introduction of negative marking has led to a significant increase in the reliability (KR-20 > 0.90), indicating that the current examination format can be kept for future EBOD examinations. © 2013 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Genetics of the Framingham Heart Study Population

PubMed Central

Govindaraju, Diddahally R.; Cupples, L. Adrienne; Kannel, William B.; O’Donnell, Christopher J.; Atwood, Larry D.; D’Agostino, Ralph B.; Fox, Caroline S.; Larson, Marty; Levy, Daniel; Morabito, Joanne; Vasan, Ramachandran S.; Splansky, Greta Lee; Wolf, Philip A.; Benjamin, Emelia J.

2010-01-01

This article provides an introduction to the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) and the genetic research related to cardiovascular diseases conducted in this unique population1. It briefly describes the origins of the study, the risk factors that contribute to heart disease and the approaches taken to discover the genetic basis of some of these risk factors. The genetic architecture of several biological risk factors has been explained using family studies, segregation analysis, heritability, phenotypic and genetic correlations. Many quantitative trait loci underlying cardiovascular diseases have been discovered using different molecular markers. Additionally, results from genome-wide association studies using 100,000 markers, and the prospects of using 550,000 markers for association studies are presented. Finally, the use of this unique sample in genotype and environment interaction is described. PMID:19010253

Adding New Tools to the Black Bag—Introduction of Ultrasound into the Physical Diagnosis Course

PubMed Central

Amponsah, David; Yang, James; Mendez, Jennifer; Bridge, Patrick; Hays, Gregory; Baliga, Sudhir; Crist, Karen; Brennan, Simone; Jackson, Matt; Dulchavsky, Scott

2010-01-01

INTRODUCTION Ultrasound, a versatile diagnostic modality that permits real-time visualization at the patient’s bedside, can be used as an adjunct in teaching physical diagnosis (PD). Aims: (1) to study the feasibility of incorporating ultrasound into PD courses and (2) determine whether learners can demonstrate image recognition and acquisition skills. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION Three hundred seven second-year medical students were introduced to cardiovascular and abdominal ultrasound scanning after training in the physical examination. This consisted of a demonstration of the ultrasound examination, followed by practice on standardized patients (SPs). Pre-post tests were administered to evaluate students’ knowledge and understanding of ultrasound. Students performed an ultrasound examination during the PD final examination. PROGRAM EVALUATION Pre-post test data revealed significant improvements in image recognition. On the final exam, the highest scores (98.4%) were obtained for the internal jugular vein and lowest scores (74.6%) on the Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma images. Eighty-nine percent of students’ surveyed felt ultrasound was a valuable tool for physicians. DISCUSSION An introductory ultrasound course is effective in improving medical students' acquisition and recognition of basic cardiovascular and abdominal ultrasound images. This innovative program demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating portable ultrasound as a learning tool during medical school. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11606-010-1451-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. PMID:20697974

Casemix--an AMA perspective.

PubMed

Nelson, B

1994-09-05

The introduction of casemix payment systems into Australia's public hospitals is an inevitability which the Australian Medical Association has now begun to address. A greater involvement of clinicians in the design and implementation of casemix can add substantial quality to these systems. However, there is concern that a proliferation of separate casemix systems may be contrary to overall health policy developments and that governments will not understand the limits of casemix. Recent attempts to include medical payments within a casemix payment system in the private sector faced our united opposition. Finally, special care needs to be taken to ensure that the introduction of a casemix payment system does not further disadvantage access to high quality health care for Aborigines.

Continuing Medical Education, Maintenance of Certification, and Physician Reentry

PubMed Central

Luchtefeld, Martin; Kerwel, Therese G.

2012-01-01

Continuing medical education serves a central role in the licensure and certification for practicing physicians. This chapter explores the different modalities that constitute CME along with their effectiveness, including simulation and best education practices. The evolution to maintenance of certification and the requirements for both the American Board of Surgery and the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery are delineated. Further progress in the education of practicing surgeons is evidenced through the introduction of laparoscopic colectomy and the improvements made from the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Finally, reentry of physicians into practice following a voluntary leave of absence, a new and challenging issue for surgeons, is also discussed. PMID:23997673

Pattern perception and computational complexity: introduction to the special issue

PubMed Central

Fitch, W. Tecumseh; Friederici, Angela D.; Hagoort, Peter

2012-01-01

Research on pattern perception and rule learning, grounded in formal language theory (FLT) and using artificial grammar learning paradigms, has exploded in the last decade. This approach marries empirical research conducted by neuroscientists, psychologists and ethologists with the theory of computation and FLT, developed by mathematicians, linguists and computer scientists over the last century. Of particular current interest are comparative extensions of this work to non-human animals, and neuroscientific investigations using brain imaging techniques. We provide a short introduction to the history of these fields, and to some of the dominant hypotheses, to help contextualize these ongoing research programmes, and finally briefly introduce the papers in the current issue. PMID:22688630

Geology and recognition criteria for sandstone uranium deposits in mixed fluvial-shallow marine sedimentary sequences, South Texas. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Adams, S.S.; Smith, R.B.

1981-01-01

Uranium deposits in the South Texas Uranium Region are classical roll-type deposits that formed at the margin of tongues of altered sandstone by the encroachment of oxidizing, uraniferous solutions into reduced aquifers containing pyrite and, in a few cases, carbonaceous plant material. Many of the uranium deposits in South Texas are dissimilar from the roll fronts of the Wyoming basins. The host sands for many of the deposits contain essentially no carbonaceous plant material, only abundant disseminated pyrite. Many of the deposits do not occur at the margin of altered (ferric oxide-bearing) sandstone tongues but rather occur entirely within reduced,more » pyurite-bearing sandstone. The abundance of pyrite within the sands probably reflects the introduction of H/sub 2/S up along faults from hydrocarbon accumulations at depth. Such introductions before ore formation prepared the sands for roll-front development, whereas post-ore introductions produced re-reduction of portions of the altered tongue, leaving the deposit suspended in reduced sandstone. Evidence from three deposits suggests that ore formation was not accompanied by the introduction of significant amounts of H/sub 2/S.« less

Introduction to “Global tsunami science: Past and future, Volume I”

USGS Publications Warehouse

Geist, Eric L.; Fritz, Hermann; Rabinovich, Alexander B.; Tanioka, Yuichiro

2016-01-01

Twenty-five papers on the study of tsunamis are included in Volume I of the PAGEOPH topical issue “Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future”. Six papers examine various aspects of tsunami probability and uncertainty analysis related to hazard assessment. Three papers relate to deterministic hazard and risk assessment. Five more papers present new methods for tsunami warning and detection. Six papers describe new methods for modeling tsunami hydrodynamics. Two papers investigate tsunamis generated by non-seismic sources: landslides and meteorological disturbances. The final three papers describe important case studies of recent and historical events. Collectively, this volume highlights contemporary trends in global tsunami research, both fundamental and applied toward hazard assessment and mitigation.

Remembering the past - studies on evolution done by the genetics group at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS).

PubMed

Salzano, Francisco M

2018-01-01

After a brief introduction about the factors that are involved in science development, and world and Brazilian evolutionary genetics, the studies developed in Porto Alegre in this area were reviewed. Four periods in the development of this group were distinguished: (a) Origins and first expansion (1949-1961); (b) Second expansion (1962-1988); (c) Third expansion (1989-2001); and (d) The last 15 years (2002-present). The international Porto Alegre Biological Evolution Workshops (PABEWs), with five biannual events from 2007 o 2015, were also mentioned. The final message stressed the importance of the maintenance of this and other Brazilian groups of research through adequate finance and recognition.

Protein stability: a crystallographer’s perspective

PubMed Central

Deller, Marc C.; Kong, Leopold; Rupp, Bernhard

2016-01-01

Protein stability is a topic of major interest for the biotechnology, pharmaceutical and food industries, in addition to being a daily consideration for academic researchers studying proteins. An understanding of protein stability is essential for optimizing the expression, purification, formulation, storage and structural studies of proteins. In this review, discussion will focus on factors affecting protein stability, on a somewhat practical level, particularly from the view of a protein crystallographer. The differences between protein conformational stability and protein compositional stability will be discussed, along with a brief introduction to key methods useful for analyzing protein stability. Finally, tactics for addressing protein-stability issues during protein expression, purification and crystallization will be discussed. PMID:26841758

Introduction to "Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future, Volume I"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geist, Eric L.; Fritz, Hermann M.; Rabinovich, Alexander B.; Tanioka, Yuichiro

2016-12-01

Twenty-five papers on the study of tsunamis are included in Volume I of the PAGEOPH topical issue "Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future". Six papers examine various aspects of tsunami probability and uncertainty analysis related to hazard assessment. Three papers relate to deterministic hazard and risk assessment. Five more papers present new methods for tsunami warning and detection. Six papers describe new methods for modeling tsunami hydrodynamics. Two papers investigate tsunamis generated by non-seismic sources: landslides and meteorological disturbances. The final three papers describe important case studies of recent and historical events. Collectively, this volume highlights contemporary trends in global tsunami research, both fundamental and applied toward hazard assessment and mitigation.

Introduction to the Personal Access Satellite System Study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sue, Miles K.

1990-01-01

A recent study by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) has concluded that the 21st century will be the age of information in which the telecommunication infrastructure will be vital to the social and economic well being of society. To meet the challenge of the coming age, JPL has been performing studies on a personal access satellite system (PASS) for the 21st century. The PASS study can be traced back to a study in which the technical feasibility and potential applications of a high frequency, low data rate satellite system were identified using small fixed terminals. Herein, the PASS concept is described along with the strawman design. Then the key challenges are identified along with possible solutions. Finally, the plan for the future is summarized from the key results.

Relationship between Learning Style and Academic Status of Babol Dental Students

PubMed Central

Nasiri, Zahra; Gharekhani, Samane; Ghasempour, Maryam

2016-01-01

Introduction Identifying and employing students’ learning styles could play an important role in selecting appropriate teaching methods in order to improve education. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the students’ final exam scores and the learning style preferences of dental students at Babol University of Medical Sciences. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 88 dental students studying in their fourth, fifth, and sixth years using the visual–aural–reading/writing–kinesthetic (VARK) learning styles’ questionnaire. The data were analyzed with IBM SPSS, version 21, using the chi-squared test and the t-test. Results Of the 88 participants who responded to the questionnaire, 87 preferred multimodal learning styles. There was no significant difference between the mean of the final exam scores in students who did and did not prefer the aural learning style (p = 0.86), the reading/writing learning style (p = 0.20), and the kinesthetic learning style (p = 0.32). In addition, there was no significant difference between the scores on the final clinical course among the students who had different preferences for learning style. However, there was a significant difference between the mean of the final exam scores in students with and without visual learning style preference (p = 0.03), with the former having higher mean scores. There was no significant relationship between preferred learning styles and gender (p > 0.05). Conclusion The majority of dental students preferred multimodal learning styles, and there was a significant difference between the mean of the final exam scores for students with and without a preference for the visual learning style. In addition, there were no differences in the preferred learning styles between male and female students. PMID:27382442

Implementation of the Single European Code in a Multi-Tissue Bank

PubMed Central

Schroeter, Jan; Schulz, Tino; Schroeter, Bernard; Fleischhauer, Katrin; Pruß, Axel

2017-01-01

Introduction The traceability of tissue and cells transplants is important to ensure a high level of safety for the recipients. With the final introduction of the Single European Code (SEC) in April 2017 in the EU a consistent system among all member states became mandatory. Methods The regulations for the SEC on EU and national level were evaluated. An overview on the different parts of the SEC with detailed explanations is given. Our own experiences with the implementation of the SEC in our multi-tissue bank are reported in addition. Results The implementation of the SEC in our multi-tissue bank could be successfully realized. However, it revealed a number of difficulties, especially the sterile labeling of certain tissue transplants and the complex update of the existing database. Conclusion The introduction of the SEC has made a contribution to the safety of recipients of tissue and cells transplants through a system of comprehensive and transparent traceability. PMID:29344015

Integral blow moulding for cycle time reduction of CFR-TP aluminium contour joint processing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barfuss, Daniel; Würfel, Veit; Grützner, Raik; Gude, Maik; Müller, Roland

2018-05-01

Integral blow moulding (IBM) as a joining technology of carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic (CFR-TP) hollow profiles with metallic load introduction elements enables significant cycle time reduction by shortening of the process chain. As the composite part is joined to the metallic part during its consolidation process subsequent joining steps are omitted. In combination with a multi-scale structured load introduction element its form closure function enables to pass very high loads and is capable to achieve high degrees of material utilization. This paper first shows the process set-up utilizing thermoplastic tape braided preforms and two-staged press and internal hydro formed load introduction elements. Second focuses on heating technologies and process optimization. Aiming at cycle time reduction convection and induction heating in regard to the resulting product quality is inspected by photo micrographs and computer tomographic scans. Concluding remarks give final recommendations for the process design in regard to the structural design.

Introducing a checking technician allows pharmacists to spend more time on patient-focused activities.

PubMed

Napier, Patti; Norris, Pauline; Braund, Rhiannon

2018-04-01

Internationally there is an increasing focus on the clinical and cognitive services that pharmacists can provide. Lack of time has been identified as a barrier to pharmacists increasing their clinical activities. Within the pharmacy workplace there are many tasks that can only be performed by a pharmacist. The final accuracy check of a dispensed prescription is currently the sole responsibility of pharmacists in New Zealand. This takes up a significant amount of time during a pharmacist's work day. The introduction of a checking technician role has been suggested to allow pharmacists more time to do more patient focused work. To investigate the amount of time pharmacy staff spend on specific activities and to establish whether the introduction of a checking technician into twelve pilot sites increased the amount of time that the pharmacists could spend on patient focused activities. This study utilised a self-reported work sampling technique in twelve pilot sites, selected from both the hospital and community settings. Work sampling using an electronic device was conducted at two time-points (before the implementation of a Pharmacy Accuracy Checking Technician (PACT) role and when the PACT was in place). Data was collected at 10 min intervals for the period of five days, a working week. Tasks were grouped into patient focused, dispensing and personal activities. The introduction of the PACT into the pilot sites saw a mean increase of 19% in pharmacists' patient focused activities and a mean 20% decrease in dispensing activities. The introduction of a checking technician role into New Zealand pharmacies demonstrated the potential to provide pharmacists with more time to spend on patient focused activities. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Oklahoma Consortium on Research Development Pilot Grant: Introduction to Film. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cawthon, David L.

Although educators have been turning to motion pictures and television as devices for supplementing instruction, there has been a sparsity of instruction about the elements of film or how to understand the medium. An innovative program designed to meet this need was introduced at St. Gregory's College. The course dealt with the history and the…

Introduction of Digital Computer Technology Into the Undergraduate Chemistry Laboratory. Final Technical Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perone, Sam P.

The objective of this project has been the development of a successful approach for the incorporation of on-line computer technology into the undergraduate chemistry laboratory. This approach assumes no prior programing, electronics or instrumental analysis experience on the part of the student; it does not displace the chemistry content with…

Vision Research for Flight Simulation. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richards, Whitman, Ed.; Dismukes, Key, Ed.

Based on a workshop on vision research issues in flight-training simulators held in June 1980, this report focuses on approaches for the conduct of research on what visual information is needed for simulation and how it can best be presented. An introduction gives an overview of the workshop and describes the contents of the report. Section 1…

British Values and British Identity: Muddles, Mixtures, and Ways Ahead

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richardson, Robin

2015-01-01

In the final eleven months of its five-year term, the Coalition Government placed much emphasis in the education system on what it called fundamental British values (FBV). The phrase had its origins in counter-terrorism strategies that were of dubious validity both conceptually and operationally, and the trigger for its introduction into the…

Revision and Updating of Listings of Vocational Instructional Materials Available from Federal Agencies. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, Carol L.

This document reports a survey of curriculum and instructional materials readily available from over ninety-two federal organizations which could be utilized by vocational educators. Chapters 1 and 2 (Executive Summary and Introduction) summarize this survey conducted by Human Resources Management, Inc., from 1979-80, which resulted in listings of…

Senior Staff Meeting

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

Herbert Lengler fait l'introduction et remercie le DG, les directeurs et le vice président de l'association du personnel pour leur présence. Il parlera des activités depuis la dernière réunion et fera des commentaires sur l'"Abragam Commitee Final Report". Une discussion suivra sur plusieurs points importants.

Biodiesel Basics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

This fact sheet provides a brief introduction to biodiesel, including a discussion of biodiesel blends and specifications. It also covers how biodiesel compares to diesel fuel in terms of performance (including in cold weather) and whether there are adverse effects on engines or other systems. Finally, it discusses biodiesel fuel quality and standards, and compares biodiesel emissions to those of diesel fuel.

The Development of Programmed Units in Nursing. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Craytor, Josephine K.

The four goals of this project are outlined in some detail. First, a unit programed for self-instruction in nursing, entitled "An Introduction to Radiation Therapy" was revised and rewritten on the basis of knowledge gained from controlled use. The revised unit took less time, showed a decreased error rate and indicated greater learning. A second…

Kids Count Data Book on Louisiana's Children, 1999.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agenda for Children, New Orleans, LA.

This Kids Count data book provides statistics on the well-being of children in Louisiana. Data are provided for the state as a whole and for each of Louisiana's 64 parishes. An introduction summarizes findings for 1999, and a final section summarizes trends in the data over the past several years. Indicators used in the report to measure child…

Guide on Data Models in the Selection and Use of Database Management Systems. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gallagher, Leonard J.; Draper, Jesse M.

A tutorial introduction to data models in general is provided, with particular emphasis on the relational and network models defined by the two proposed ANSI (American National Standards Institute) database language standards. Examples based on the network and relational models include specific syntax and semantics, while examples from the other…

Beyond the Census: Hispanics and an American Agenda. Final Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perez, Sonia M.

This report describes the Hispanic population in the United States. Data come mainly from the U.S. Census Bureau's 2000 Census and the March 2000 Current Population Survey and Report on Hispanics. Six sections include: (1) "Introduction" (overview of the U.S. Latino population, translating the data, and the U.S. agenda for Hispanics); (2) "Strong…

75 FR 5356 - Office of New Reactors; Final Interim Staff Guidance on Post-Combined License Commitments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-02

... the guidance provided to the NRC staff in Section 1.0, ``Introduction and Interfaces,'' of NUREG-0800... (COL) applications. In addition, this ISG supplements the guidance provided in Section C.III.4 of... Accession No. ML091671355) to solicit public and industry comment. The NRC staff received comments (ADAMS...

A Postscript on Institutional Motivations, Research Concerns and Professional Implications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dalton-Puffer, Christiane

2012-01-01

From the point of view of AILA's research network "CLIL and Immersion Education: Applied Linguistic Perspectives" this volume finally does justice to a strand of interest that has been part of the network from its inception. As the editors rightly point out in the introduction, ReN events and publications during the network's first…

Draft Final Risk Assessment Lime Settling Basins. Version 2.1

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-25

TABLE OF CON "S Section Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................... v 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................... 1 - 1 1.1...BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE ........................ 1 - 1 1.2 SUMMARY OF APPROACH ............................. 1 -3 1.3 REPORT FORMAT... 1 -4 2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY ......................... 2- 1 3.0 PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE INTERIM ACTION TECHNOLOGY ..... 3- 1 4.0

Final Documents of the International Congress of Educating Cities (1st, Barcelona, Spain, November 26-30, 1990).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barcelona Council (Spain).

The First International Congress of Educating Cities in Barcelona (Spain) considered education in its broadest sense, beyond the school system. An introduction by P. Figueras Bellot is provided. The following are the English translations of the Spanish titles of the presentations given by representatives of international and government…

Energy Conserving Lifestyles: Final Report to the California Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwartz, Seymour I.

This report examines the broad topic of energy use and its relationship to lifestyles. The emphasis is on three energy conserving lifestyle models: (1) the rural alternative lifestyle; (2) new towns; and (3) energy conserving subdivisions in existing cities. The first chapter presents an introduction. Chapter two examines the back-to-the-land…

78 FR 37667 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-67; Introduction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-21

...-010 Morgan. Women-owned Small Business Concerns (Interim). VIII Deletion of Report 2013-008 Davis. to... Contracting Integrity, an internal DoD panel, consists of senior-level DoD officials from across DoD working... contractor performance. This final rule is not required to be published for public comment because it only...

Brief Analysis of Application of Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) in Graduation Exams of Clinical Medical Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Du, Yihua; Yu, Ke; Li, Xiaohong; Wang, Feng; Wang, Tingting

2011-01-01

This article gives a brief introduction to the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and analyzes developmental progress of OSCE at both home and abroad and standardized patients' application in OSCE. Also, this article expounds application of OSCE in graduation exam of clinical medical students. Finally, this article summarizes…

Continuation of Programmatic Research on Curricular Modules for Early Childhood Education and Parent Participation. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adkins, Dorothy C.; O'Malley, J. Michael

Four projects, conducted as part of an ongoing programmatic research effort to develop and evaluate curricular modules for Head Start classes, are presented. Project A was an attempt to identify the effectiveness of an intervention approach that involved the introduction into two classes of curricula in language, mathematics, motivation, and…

Quality of care for patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in ‘model practices’ in Slovenia – first results

PubMed Central

Mlakar, Mitja

2016-01-01

Abstract Background A new organisation at the primary level, called model practices, introduces a 0.5 full-time equivalent nurse practitioner as a regular member of the team. Nurse practitioners are in charge of registers of chronic patients, and implement an active approach into medical care. Selected quality indicators define the quality of management. The majority of studies confirm the effectiveness of the extended team in the quality of care, which is similar or improved when compared to care performed by the physician alone. The aim of the study is to compare the quality of management of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 before and after the introduction of model practices. Methods A cohort retrospective study was based on medical records from three practices. Process quality indicators, such as regularity of HbA1c measurement, blood pressure measurement, foot exam, referral to eye exam, performance of yearly laboratory tests and HbA1c level before and after the introduction of model practices were compared. Results The final sample consisted of 132 patients, whose diabetes care was exclusively performed at the primary care level. The process of care has significantly improved after the delivery of model practices. The most outstanding is the increase of foot exam and HbA1c testing. We could not prove better glycaemic control (p>0.1). Nevertheless, the proposed benchmark for the suggested quality process and outcome indicators were mostly exceeded in this cohort. Conclusion The introduction of a nurse into the team improves the process quality of care. Benchmarks for quality indicators are obtainable. Better outcomes of care need further confirmation. PMID:27703537

Quality of care for patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in 'model practices' in Slovenia - first results.

PubMed

Petek, Davorina; Mlakar, Mitja

2016-09-01

A new organisation at the primary level, called model practices, introduces a 0.5 full-time equivalent nurse practitioner as a regular member of the team. Nurse practitioners are in charge of registers of chronic patients, and implement an active approach into medical care. Selected quality indicators define the quality of management. The majority of studies confirm the effectiveness of the extended team in the quality of care, which is similar or improved when compared to care performed by the physician alone. The aim of the study is to compare the quality of management of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 before and after the introduction of model practices. A cohort retrospective study was based on medical records from three practices. Process quality indicators, such as regularity of HbA1c measurement, blood pressure measurement, foot exam, referral to eye exam, performance of yearly laboratory tests and HbA1c level before and after the introduction of model practices were compared. The final sample consisted of 132 patients, whose diabetes care was exclusively performed at the primary care level. The process of care has significantly improved after the delivery of model practices. The most outstanding is the increase of foot exam and HbA1c testing. We could not prove better glycaemic control (p>0.1). Nevertheless, the proposed benchmark for the suggested quality process and outcome indicators were mostly exceeded in this cohort. The introduction of a nurse into the team improves the process quality of care. Benchmarks for quality indicators are obtainable. Better outcomes of care need further confirmation.

AVTA Federal Fleet PEV Readiness Data Logging and Characterization Study: Final Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schey, Stephen; Francfort, Jim

2015-06-01

Collect and evaluate data on federal fleet operations as part of the Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity’s Federal Fleet Vehicle Data Logging and Characterization Study. The Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity study seeks to collect and evaluate data to validate the utilization of advanced plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) transportation. This report summarizes the fleets studied to identify daily operational characteristics of select vehicles and report findings on vehicle and mission characterizations to support the successful introduction of PEVs into the agencies’ fleets. Individual observations of these selected vehicles provide the basis for recommendations related to electric vehicle adoption and whether a batterymore » electric vehicle or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (collectively referred to as PEVs) can fulfill the mission requirements.« less

Role of Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain in Breastfeeding Outcomes

PubMed Central

Schaefer, Eric W.; Beiler, Jessica S.; Paul, Ian M.

2012-01-01

Abstract Objective This study determined whether high maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and/or excess gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with reduced breastfeeding duration and earlier formula supplementation. Study Design A prospective longitudinal cohort of postpartum women (n=718), who were a subset of a larger randomized trial, was followed for 6 months postdelivery. We evaluated the relationship between BMI or BMI/GWG groups and timing of breastfeeding cessation and introduction of formula using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests. Then, we used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the relationship between BMI and BMI/GWG on these breastfeeding outcomes after controlling for potential confounding variables. Results The expected relationships between high BMI and high BMI/GWG and poor breastfeeding outcomes were observed in Kaplan–Meier curves. However, after adjusting for relevant maternal and infant covariates in the Cox models, the differences became nonsignificant. Prepregnancy BMI category was not statistically associated with breastfeeding duration (p=0.06) or timing of formula introduction (p=0.15). Similarly, BMI and GWG in combination were not associated with duration (p=0.33) or timing of formula introduction (p=0.18). Mothers' intended breastfeeding duration and rating of the importance of breastfeeding remained the only significant modifiable predictors of breastfeeding outcomes in the final models. Conclusions Maternal BMI and GWG were not significantly associated with breastfeeding outcomes after adjusting for confounding variables. Mothers' plans for breastfeeding duration and the importance mothers assign to breastfeeding remain the optimal intervention points for lengthening breastfeeding duration and reducing formula supplementation. PMID:23215909

Inertial Motion Capture Costume Design Study

PubMed Central

Szczęsna, Agnieszka; Skurowski, Przemysław; Lach, Ewa; Pruszowski, Przemysław; Pęszor, Damian; Paszkuta, Marcin; Słupik, Janusz; Lebek, Kamil; Janiak, Mateusz; Polański, Andrzej; Wojciechowski, Konrad

2017-01-01

The paper describes a scalable, wearable multi-sensor system for motion capture based on inertial measurement units (IMUs). Such a unit is composed of accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer. The final quality of an obtained motion arises from all the individual parts of the described system. The proposed system is a sequence of the following stages: sensor data acquisition, sensor orientation estimation, system calibration, pose estimation and data visualisation. The construction of the system’s architecture with the dataflow programming paradigm makes it easy to add, remove and replace the data processing steps. The modular architecture of the system allows an effortless introduction of a new sensor orientation estimation algorithms. The original contribution of the paper is the design study of the individual components used in the motion capture system. The two key steps of the system design are explored in this paper: the evaluation of sensors and algorithms for the orientation estimation. The three chosen algorithms have been implemented and investigated as part of the experiment. Due to the fact that the selection of the sensor has a significant impact on the final result, the sensor evaluation process is also explained and tested. The experimental results confirmed that the choice of sensor and orientation estimation algorithm affect the quality of the final results. PMID:28304337

[The hand-arm vibration syndrome: (II). The diagnostic aspects and fitness criteria].

PubMed

Bovenzi, M

1999-01-01

Part II of this paper reviews the clinical and laboratory methods to diagnose the neurological, vascular and osteoarticular components of the hand-arm vibration syndrome. The prognosis and reversibility of vibration-induced neurological and vascular disorders after cessation of vibration exposure or the introduction of powered tools equipped with vibration isolation systems are discussed on the basis of the results of follow-up clinical investigations and longitudinal epidemiologic studies. Finally, the review debates some of the methodological aspects connected with the health surveillance of vibration-exposed workers and considers the possible medical contra-indications for prolonged exposure to hand-transmitted vibration.

The Multi-Orientable Random Tensor Model, a Review

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanasa, Adrian

2016-06-01

After its introduction (initially within a group field theory framework) in [Tanasa A., J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 45 (2012), 165401, 19 pages, arXiv:1109.0694], the multi-orientable (MO) tensor model grew over the last years into a solid alternative of the celebrated colored (and colored-like) random tensor model. In this paper we review the most important results of the study of this MO model: the implementation of the 1/N expansion and of the large N limit (N being the size of the tensor), the combinatorial analysis of the various terms of this expansion and finally, the recent implementation of a double scaling limit.

War, suffering and modern German history.

PubMed

Hansen, Randall

2011-01-01

This introduction proceeds in five steps. First, it briefly considers the etymology of the term "suffering," as well as the way in which scholars from different disciplines have approached it conceptually and empirically. Second, drawing on the contributions to this issue, it raises general themes emerging from the study of the Thirty Years, Franco-Prussian and First World Wars, with particular attention to gender, the disabled, and Jewish-German veterans. Finally, it considers the most politically contested field of German suffering - the Second World War - and reflects on how that suffering can be narrated and understood without running into the intellectual dead ends of either self-pity or collective guilt.

Feasibility study and preliminary design for fishing (TUNA) vessel fuel storage and distribution. Final report. Export trade information

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1995-07-01

The report is divided into the following sections: (1) Introduction; (2) Conclusions and Recommendations; (3) Existing Conditions and Facilities for a Fuel Distribution Center; (4) Pacific Ocean Regional Tuna Fisheries and Resources; (5) Fishing Effort in the FSMEEZ 1992-1994; (6) Current Transshipping Operations in the Western Pacific Ocean; (7) Current and Probale Bunkering Practices of United States, Japanese, Koren, and Taiwanese Offshore-Based Vessels Operating in FSM and Adjacent Waters; (8) Shore-Based Fish-Handling/Processing; (9) Fuels Forecast; (10) Fuel Supply, Storage and Distribution; (11) Cost Estimates; (12) Economic Evaluation of Fuel Supply, Storage and Distribution.

Water-clover ferns, Marsilea, in the Southeastern United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Jacono, Colette C.; Johnson, David M.

2006-01-01

A surge in the collection of exotic Marsilea, M. mutica, M. minuta and M. hirsuta in the southeastern United States has prompted the need for updated identification aids. This study provides an annotated key to all water-clover ferns occurring in the region. It describes and illustrates recently documented exotic species and a previously misidentified western introduction. It details the rediscovery of M. ancylopoda, presumed extinct, and confirms its identification as the western species M. oligospora. Finally it clarifies the status and distribution of two additional western North American species introduced to the southeast, M. vestita and M. macropoda.

Development in electrophoresis: instrumentation for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of protein separation and application of capillary electrophoresis in micro-bioanalysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Xu, Aoshuang

2008-01-01

This dissertation begins with a general introduction of topics related to this work. The following chapters contain three scientific manuscripts, each presented in a separate chapter with accompanying tables, figures, and literature citations. The final chapter summarizes the work and provides some prospective on this work. This introduction starts with a brief treatment of the basic principles of electrophoresis separation, followed by a discussion of gel electrophoresis and particularly polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for protein separation, a summary of common capillary electrophoresis separation modes, and a brief treatment of micro-bioanalysis application of capillary electrophoresis, and ends with an overview of proteinmore » conformation and dynamics.« less

Use of mobile learning technology among final year medical students in Kenya

PubMed Central

Masika, Moses Muia; Omondi, Gregory Barnabas; Natembeya, Dennis Simiyu; Mugane, Ephraim Mwatha; Bosire, Kefa Ogonyo; Kibwage, Isaac Ongubo

2015-01-01

Introduction Mobile phone penetration has increased exponentially over the last decade as has its application in nearly all spheres of life including health and medical education. This study aimed at assessing the use of mobile learning technology and its challenges among final year undergraduate students in the College of Health sciences, University of Nairobi. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted among final year undergraduate students at the University of Nairobi, College of Health Sciences. Self-administered, anonymous questionnaires were issued to all final year students in their lecture rooms after obtaining informed consent. Data on demographics, mobile device ownership and mobile learning technology use and its challenges was collected. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS®. Chi-square and t-test were used for bivariate analysis. Results We had 292 respondents; 62% were medical students, 16% were nursing students, 13% were pharmacy students and 9% were dental surgery students. The majority were female (59%) and the average age was 24 years. Eighty eight percent (88%) of the respondents owned a smart device and nearly all of them used it for learning. 64% of the respondents used medical mobile applications. The main challenges were lack of a smart device, lack of technical know-how in accessing or using apps, sub-optimal internet access, cost of acquiring apps and limited device memory. Conclusion Mobile learning is increasingly popular among medical students and should be leveraged in promoting access and quality of medical education. PMID:26327964

Alien Insects in Italy: Comparing Patterns from the Regional to European Level

PubMed Central

Inghilesi, Alberto F.; Mazza, Giuseppe; Cervo, Rita; Gherardi, Francesca; Sposimo, Paolo; Tricarico, Elena; Zapparoli, Marzio

2013-01-01

The introduction of species outside their native range contributes to the loss of biodiversity, alters the structure and functioning of ecosystems, and damages economy and human health. Insects are one of the taxa with the highest frequency of introduction due to their high diversity, biological properties, and close association with human activities. Here, the allodiversity of Italian entomofauna was analyzed, with a focus on Tuscany (Central Italy). A list of alien insects in Tuscany is included. The status of the alien entomofauna in Italy was updated. The number of alien insects amounts to 122 in Tuscany and 923 in Italy. An introduction rate of 98 species per decade was estimated in Italy. In Tuscany, alien insects belong to 10 orders, mostly Coleoptera (38%), Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha) (23%), and Hymenoptera (13%). They have been most often introduced through vegetable items (ornamental plants or crops). Most species come from the Nearctic region (26%) and are both phytophagous (63%) and amphigonic (80%). Differences and similarities in introduction patterns and in insect abundances across orders among regional, national, and European scales, also considering worldwide abundances, are discussed. Finally, a paucity of information regarding the negative impacts of many species, except for economic pests, phytosanitary threats, and vectors of disease, is underlined. A deeper understanding of the alien insects' ecological impact might help designate policies aimed at preventing further introductions and control the invasive populations of already established species. PMID:24219427

[Therapeutic education didactic techniques].

PubMed

Valverde, Maite; Vidal, Mercè; Jansa, Margarida

2012-10-01

This article includes an introduction to the role of Therapeutic Education for Diabetes treatment according to the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the Diabetes Education Study Group (DESG) of the "European Association for Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) of the Spanish Ministry of Health. We analyze theoretical models and the differences between teaching vs. learning as well as current trends (including Internet), that can facilitate meaningful learning of people with diabetes and their families and relatives. We analyze the differences, similarities, advantages and disadvantages of individual and group education. Finally, we describe different educational techniques (metaplan, case method, brainstorming, role playing, games, seminars, autobiography, forums, chats,..) applicable to individual, group or virtual education and its application depending on the learning objective.

Remembering the past – studies on evolution done by the genetics group at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

PubMed Central

Salzano, Francisco M.

2018-01-01

Abstract After a brief introduction about the factors that are involved in science development, and world and Brazilian evolutionary genetics, the studies developed in Porto Alegre in this area were reviewed. Four periods in the development of this group were distinguished: (a) Origins and first expansion (1949-1961); (b) Second expansion (1962-1988); (c) Third expansion (1989-2001); and (d) The last 15 years (2002-present). The international Porto Alegre Biological Evolution Workshops (PABEWs), with five biannual events from 2007 o 2015, were also mentioned. The final message stressed the importance of the maintenance of this and other Brazilian groups of research through adequate finance and recognition. PMID:29583152

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal study area evaluations. Volume 6-E. Central study area exposure assessment. Version 4. 1(volume 6-E). Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Study area evaluations. Volume 6-H. North plants study area exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal study area evaluations. Volume 6-F. Eastern study area exposure assessment. Version 4. 1(volume 6-F). Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal study area evaluations. Volume 6-C. Southern study area exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Introduction. Progress in Earth science and climate studies.

PubMed

Thompson, J Michael T

2008-12-28

In this introductory paper, I review the 'visions of the future' articles prepared by top young scientists for the second of the two Christmas 2008 Triennial Issues of Phil. Trans. R. Soc.A, devoted respectively to astronomy and Earth science. Topics covered in the Earth science issue include: trace gases in the atmosphere; dynamics of the Antarctic circumpolar current; a study of the boundary between the Earth's rocky mantle and its iron core; and two studies of volcanoes and their plumes. A final section devoted to ecology and climate covers: the mathematical modelling of plant-soil interactions; the effects of the boreal forests on the Earth's climate; the role of the past palaeoclimate in testing and calibrating today's numerical climate models; and the evaluation of these models including the quantification of their uncertainties.

Modeling of Micromechanisms of Fatigue and Fracture in Hybrid Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-15

titanium aluminides . Unclassified SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE Report No. UCB/R/90/A1065 Final Report to U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific...PARTICULATE-REINFORCED Ti-6AI-4V COMPOSITES ............... 52 5. TITANIUM ALUMINIDE INTERMETALLICS ............................................ 59 6...preliminary examination of the microstructure of titanium aluminides . V 1. INTRODUCTION In recent years, the need for lighter materials with high

A Grammatico-Semantic Exploration of the Problems of Sentence Formation and Interpretation in the Classroom, Volume 1. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bateman, Donald R.; Zidonis, Frank J.

In the introduction to this volume of a two volume document (See also TE 002 131.) written for curriculum developers, Donald Bateman identifies the recent periods in the development of linguistic thought and methodology, and presents language curriculum development as the continuing exploration of the processes of evolving linguistic structures.…

"There Is a Lot of Junk on the Web!": Using Web Site Evaluation in an Introductory Religion Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Junior, Nyasha; Edwards, Amy

2011-01-01

This essay describes a web site evaluation project which served as the final assignment for an undergraduate "Introduction to Religion" course. The essay discusses lessons learned from the design and implementation of this web-based research assignment over three consecutive semesters. It includes insights from an instructor and a reference…

Research and Development of Tactile Facsimile Reading Aid for the Blind (The Optacon). Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Linvill, John G.

Presented is a report on the 5-year project to develop the Optacon, an electronic device which allows the blind individual to read ordinary printed matter directly and independently. Chapter (1) provides and introduction and overview of the Optacon Project. Summarized in Chapter (2) is a chronological account of the Optacon Project which traces…

Experts' Meeting on Teacher Training and New Contents in Teacher Training Curricula. Final Report (Paris, France, September 16-18, 1991).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). Dept. of Higher Education and Training of Educational Personnel.

The objectives of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) meeting described in this document were: to provide a forum for the exchange of information on the introduction of new contents into teacher training curricula and on innovative experiments undertaken in the European region; to make recommendations…

CSMP Mathematics for the Intermediate Grades Part IV, Teacher's Guide. General Introduction. Workbooks. Experimental Version.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Armstrong, Richard; And Others

This guide represents the final experimental version of a pilot project which was conducted in the United States between 1973 and 1976. The ideas and the manner of presentation are based on the works of Georges and Frederique Papy. They are recognized for having introduced colored arrow drawings ("papygrams") and models of our numeration…

CSMP Mathematics for the Intermediate Grades Part I, Teacher's Guide. General Introduction. Workbooks. Experimental Version.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaufman, Burt; And Others

This guide represents the final experimental version of an extended pilot project which was conducted in the United States between 1973 and 1976. The manner of presentation and pedagogical ideas and tools are based on the works of George and Frederique Papy. They are recognized as having introduced colored arrow drawings ("papygrams")…

CSMP Mathematics for the Intermediate Grades Part III, Teacher's Guide [and] Worksheets. General Introduction. Workbooks. Experimental Version.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harpel, Jim; And Others

This guide represents the final experimental version of a pilot project which was conducted in the United States between 1973 and 1976. The ideas and the manner of presentation are based on the works of Georges and Frederique Papy. They are recognized for having introduced colored arrow drawings ("papygrams") and models of our numeration…

CSMP Mathematics for the Intermediate Grades Part II, Teacher's Guide. General Introduction. Workbooks. Experimental Version.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harpel, Jim; And Others

This guide represents the final experimental version of a pilot project which was conducted in the United States between 1973 and 1976. The ideas and the manner of presentation are based on the works of Georges and Frederique Papy. They are recognized for having introduced colored arrow drawings ("papygrams") and models of our numeration…

75 FR 71023 - Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plan Revisions; State of North Dakota...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-22

... this does not appear to be an error in the modeling system.'' \\9\\ Finally, the commenter argued that... flawed, WG concludes, because EPA identifies maintenance areas likely to exist by 2012 and does not... all 1. Introduction submitted: 6/14/ clarifications: 2. Legal Authority 73; 2/19/74; 6/ 3/2/76; 41 FR...

Introduction to: GTR-SRS-226

Treesearch

Erin O. Sills; R. David Simpson; E. Evan Mercer

2017-01-01

Given the economic importance of wood products in the U.S. South, the value of southern forests as timberlands is well known and acknowledged in State policy decisions. However, timber represents only part of the value of forests, and forestry leaders are increasingly interested in quantifying the full value of the South’s forests, i.e., the value of all final...

Performance of First-Tour WAC Enlisted Women: Data Base for the Performance Orientation of Women's Basic Training. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyd, H. Alton; And Others

The introduction of performance-oriented instructional procedures into Women's Basic Training (BT) at Fort McClellan and the revision of Army Training Program 21-121 to incorporate the philosophy and principles of performance-oriented training are described in the document. Results from a questionnaire regarding duties, activities, and attitudes…

The Asian Seminar on Educational Technology (4th, Tokyo, Japan, October 10-19, 1985). Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Japan Council of Educational Technology Centers, Tokyo.

This report of an international seminar which examined the utilization of advanced educational technology for the promotion of teacher education in the countries of the Asia and Pacific region is divided into six chapters: (1) an introduction providing background information, the purpose and themes of the seminar, and brief descriptions of the…

Introduction to Psychology and Leadership. Rank-Biserial Correlation as an Item Discrimination.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westinghouse Learning Corp., Annapolis, MD.

Written as a technical report for the leadership course of the United States Naval Academy (see the final reports which summarize the course development project, EM 010 418, EM 010 419, and EM 010 484), this paper examines the use and interpretation of the rank-biserial correlation as an index of item discrimination. The advantages and…

Field Operational Seminar in Functional Literacy Linked with Population Education and Family Planning (Indonesia, February 26-March 18, 1973). Synthesis of the Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). Regional Office for Education in Asia and Oceania.

The primary objectives of this seminar was to provide concrete and diversified field experiences in functional literacy approaches, principles, methods and techniques carried out within the framework of an ongoing population education and family planning program. Included in the report are an introduction, general operational procedures…

Educational Technology Project, Volume One. The Development of Materials for the Training of Science Education Personnel in Educational Technology. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ziener, George H.; And Others

The planning, production, validation, and revision of learning materials designed for use in institutes for science supervisors is described in this first of five volumes. Four sets of packages, ("Role of the Science Supervisor,""Introduction to Educational Technology,""An Application of Educational Technology," and "Management Kits,") each using…

Modulation of TRAIL Cytotoxicity by Amiloride in Prostate Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-11-01

Quercetin and TRAIL for Prostate Cancer Prevention Yong J. Lee 3 Introduction: The long...In this final report, we examined whether blockade of HER-2/neu-mediated tumor cell survival signals by quercetin , a common bioflavonoid present in...mediated survival signals results in prevention of regrowth of prostate cancer. The natural product quercetin (3,5,7,3’,4’-pentahydroxyflavone

Modeling Temporal Crowd Work Quality with Limited Supervision

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-11

crowdsourcing, human computation, predic- tion, uncertainty-aware learning, time- series modeling Introduction While crowdsourcing offers a cost...individual correctness. As discussed ear- lier, such a strategy is difficult to employ in a live setting because it is unrealistic to assume that all...et al. 2014). Finally, there are interesting opportunities to investigate at the intersection of live task-routing with active-learning techniques

Convolution Algebra for Fluid Modes with Finite Energy

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-04-01

signals and systems analysis: the evaluation of the initial condition -or input- to a system given its final condition -or output- and its impulse ...Images Corrupted with Gaussian Blur .............. 30 III.. 5 Deblurring with Hermite-Rodriguez Wavelets 34 5.1 Introduction...66 25. Letter "T", which is diffused for t=12, and corrupted by additive noise at SNR’s = 1

More than a Metaphor: The Education of Joseph Knecht

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Peter

2008-01-01

Education is a key theme in Hermann Hesse's final novel, "The Glass Bead Game". The book begins with a narrator's introduction, in which the Glass Bead Game is described as a way of playing with the total contents of culture--of drawing connections between disciplines, knowledge and values. The main part of the novel is devoted to the life of…

JPRS Report, Science & Technology, Japan

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-31

final test. Keywords: Spherical Pressure Hull, Titanium Alloy , Three-Dimensional Machining, Electron Beam Welding . 1. Introduction In bodies like... processed (the heat treatment involving high-temperature heating and rapid quenching in order to obtain finer grains of the titanium alloy ) and...given m Table 3. The test results were all satisfactory. Forged material of titanium alloy , manufactured by forging, beta processing , and billet

Comparison of historical bottleneck effects and genetic consequences of re-introduction in a critically endangered island passerine.

PubMed

Bristol, Rachel M; Tucker, Rachel; Dawson, Deborah A; Horsburgh, Gavin; Prys-Jones, Robert P; Frantz, Alain C; Krupa, Andy; Shah, Nirmal J; Burke, Terry; Groombridge, Jim J

2013-09-01

Re-introduction is an important tool for recovering endangered species; however, the magnitude of genetic consequences for re-introduced populations remains largely unknown, in particular the relative impacts of historical population bottlenecks compared to those induced by conservation management. We characterize 14 microsatellite loci developed for the Seychelles paradise flycatcher and use them to quantify temporal and spatial measures of genetic variation across a 134-year time frame encompassing a historical bottleneck that reduced the species to ~28 individuals in the 1960s, through the initial stages of recovery and across a second contemporary conservation-introduction-induced bottleneck. We then evaluate the relative impacts of the two bottlenecks, and finally apply our findings to inform broader re-introduction strategy. We find a temporal trend of significant decrease in standard measures of genetic diversity across the historical bottleneck, but only a nonsignificant downward trend in number of alleles across the contemporary bottleneck. However, accounting for the different timescales of the two bottlenecks (~40 historical generations versus <1 contemporary generation), the loss of genetic diversity per generation is greater across the contemporary bottleneck. Historically, the flycatcher population was genetically structured; however, extinction on four of five islands has resulted in a homogeneous contemporary population. We conclude that severe historical bottlenecks can leave a large footprint in terms of sheer quantity of genetic diversity lost. However, severely depleted genetic diversity does not render a species immune to further genetic erosion upon re-introduction. In some cases, the loss of genetic diversity per generation can, initially at least, be greater across re-introduction-induced bottlenecks. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Improving crystal size distribution by internal seeding combined cooling/antisolvent crystallization with a cooling/heating cycle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lenka, Maheswata; Sarkar, Debasis

2018-03-01

This work investigates the effect of internal seeding and an initial cooling/heating cycle on the final crystal size distribution (CSD) during a combined cooling/antisolvent crystallization of L-asparagine monohydrate from it's aqueous solution using isopropyl-alcohol as antisolvent. Internal seeds were generated by one-pot addition of various amounts of antisolvent to the crystallizer. It was then followed by a cooling/heating cycle to dissolve the fines produced and thus obtain a suitable initial seed. A combined cooling/antisolvent crystallization was then followed by employing a linear cooling profile with simultaneous addition of antisolvent with a constant mass flow rate to promote the growth of the internally generated seeds. The amount of initial antisolvent influences the characteristics of the internal seeds generated and the effect of initial amount of antisolvent on the final CSD is investigated. It was found that the introduction of a single cooling/heating cycle significantly improves the reproducibility of final CSD as well as the mean size. Overall, the study indicates that the application of internal seeding with a single cooling/heating cycle for fines dissolution is an effective technique to tailor crystal size distribution.

Introduction of vertical integration and case-based learning in anatomy for undergraduate physical therapy and occupational therapy students.

PubMed

Parmar, Suresh K; Rathinam, Bertha A D

2011-01-01

The purpose of the present pilot study was to evaluate the benefits of innovative teaching methodologies introduced to final year occupational and physical therapy students in Christian Medical College in India. Students' satisfactions along the long-term retention of knowledge and clinical application of the respiratory anatomy have been assessed. The final year undergraduate physical therapy and occupational therapy students had respiratory anatomy teaching over two sessions. The teaching involved case-based learning and integrated anatomy lectures (vertical integration) with the Anatomy department. Pretest and immediate and follow-up post-tests were conducted to assess the effectiveness of the innovative methods. A feedback questionnaire was marked to grade case-based learning. The method of integrated and case-based teaching was appreciated and found to be useful in imparting knowledge to the students. Students retained the gained knowledge adequately and the same was inferred by statistically significant improvement in both post-test scores. Vertical integration of anatomy in the final year reinforces their existing knowledge of anatomy. Case-based learning may facilitate the development of effective and clinically sound therapists. Copyright © 2011 American Association of Anatomists.

Association between Respiratory Syncytial Virus Activity and Pneumococcal Disease in Infants: A Time Series Analysis of US Hospitalization Data

PubMed Central

Weinberger, Daniel M.; Klugman, Keith P.; Steiner, Claudia A.; Simonsen, Lone; Viboud, Cécile

2015-01-01

Background The importance of bacterial infections following respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains unclear. We evaluated whether variations in RSV epidemic timing and magnitude are associated with variations in pneumococcal disease epidemics and whether changes in pneumococcal disease following the introduction of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) were associated with changes in the rate of hospitalizations coded as RSV. Methods and Findings We used data from the State Inpatient Databases (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality), including >700,000 RSV hospitalizations and >16,000 pneumococcal pneumonia hospitalizations in 36 states (1992/1993–2008/2009). Harmonic regression was used to estimate the timing of the average seasonal peak of RSV, pneumococcal pneumonia, and pneumococcal septicemia. We then estimated the association between the incidence of pneumococcal disease in children and the activity of RSV and influenza (where there is a well-established association) using Poisson regression models that controlled for shared seasonal variations. Finally, we estimated changes in the rate of hospitalizations coded as RSV following the introduction of PCV7. RSV and pneumococcal pneumonia shared a distinctive spatiotemporal pattern (correlation of peak timing: ρ = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.84). RSV was associated with a significant increase in the incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia in children aged <1 y (attributable percent [AP]: 20.3%, 95% CI: 17.4%, 25.1%) and among children aged 1–2 y (AP: 10.1%, 95% CI: 7.6%, 13.9%). Influenza was also associated with an increase in pneumococcal pneumonia among children aged 1–2 y (AP: 3.2%, 95% CI: 1.7%, 4.7%). Finally, we observed a significant decline in RSV-coded hospitalizations in children aged <1 y following PCV7 introduction (−18.0%, 95% CI: −22.6%, −13.1%, for 2004/2005–2008/2009 versus 1997/1998–1999/2000). This study used aggregated hospitalization data, and studies with individual-level, laboratory-confirmed data could help to confirm these findings. Conclusions These analyses provide evidence for an interaction between RSV and pneumococcal pneumonia. Future work should evaluate whether treatment for secondary bacterial infections could be considered for pneumonia cases even if a child tests positive for RSV. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary PMID:25562317

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 7. Summary exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 8. Response to comments on the draft exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 2-A. Toxicity assessment. Version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis a introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 3. Toxicity assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 1. Land use and exposed population evaluations version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

The development of the Final Approach Spacing Tool (FAST): A cooperative controller-engineer design approach

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Katharine K.; Davis, Thomas J.

1995-01-01

Historically, the development of advanced automation for air traffic control in the United States has excluded the input of the air traffic controller until the need of the development process. In contrast, the development of the Final Approach Spacing Tool (FAST), for the terminal area controller, has incorporated the end-user in early, iterative testing. This paper describes a cooperative between the controller and the developer to create a tool which incorporates the complexity of the air traffic controller's job. This approach to software development has enhanced the usability of FAST and has helped smooth the introduction of FAST into the operational environment.

Alimentazione del neonato pretermine IUGR: studio multicentrico ADEPT (Abnormal Doppler Enteral Prescription Trial). (Feeding the IUGR premature newborn infant: the multicenter ADEPT study).

PubMed

Leaf, A

2010-06-01

Pregnancies complicated by abnormal antenatal Doppler blood flow often result in the preterm delivery of a growth restricted baby. These babies have a high risk of milk intolerance and necrotising enterocolitis (1), and introduction of milk feeds is frequently delayed. Our aim was to determine the effect of early or late introduction on success of achieving full milk feeds and on adverse outcomes including NEC. Eligible babies with birthweight below 10th centile and gestation below 34+6 weeks, born after abnormal antenatal Dopplers, were randomised between 20 and 48 hours to either early (24-48 hours) or late (120-144 hours) introduction of milk feeds. Babies with major congenital anomaly, in-utero transfusion, multi-organ failure or need for inotropes were excluded. Feed volumes and rate of increase were standardised, and were the same for both groups. Daily feed logs were kept. 404 babies were randomised from 56 units in U.K. and Ireland (202 in each group). There were no important differences between groups at randomisation. growth restricted preterm infants born after absent or reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery who are fed from the second day after birth achieve full feeds faster than those commencing feeds on day six. No difference was been seen in the incidence of NEC, in preliminary analysis. Final data analysis is currently being completed and will be presented at the conference.

Efficacy of autologous platelets in macular hole surgery.

PubMed

Konstantinidis, Aristeidis; Hero, Mark; Nanos, Panagiotis; Panos, Georgios D

2013-01-01

The introduction of optical coherence tomography has allowed accurate measurement of the size of macular holes. A retrospective consecutive review was performed of 21 patients undergoing macular hole repair with vitrectomy, gas tamponade, and autologous platelet injection and we assessed the effect of macular hole parameters on anatomic and functional outcomes. We looked at the demographic features, final visual outcome, and anatomical closure. Twenty-one patients were included in the study. They underwent routine vitrectomy with gas tamponade (C3F8) and injection of autologous platelets. All patients were advised to maintain a facedown posture for 2 weeks. Anatomical closure was confirmed in all cases and 20 out of 21 of patients had improved postoperative visual acuity by two or more lines. In our series, the macular hole dimensions did not have much effect on the final results. The use of autologous platelets and strict facedown posture seems to be the deciding factor in good anatomical and visual outcome irrespective of macular hole dimensions.

Underwater Calibration of Dome Port Pressure Housings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nocerino, E.; Menna, F.; Fassi, F.; Remondino, F.

2016-03-01

Underwater photogrammetry using consumer grade photographic equipment can be feasible for different applications, e.g. archaeology, biology, industrial inspections, etc. The use of a camera underwater can be very different from its terrestrial use due to the optical phenomena involved. The presence of the water and camera pressure housing in front of the camera act as additional optical elements. Spherical dome ports are difficult to manufacture and consequently expensive but at the same time they are the most useful for underwater photogrammetry as they keep the main geometric characteristics of the lens unchanged. Nevertheless, the manufacturing and alignment of dome port pressure housing components can be the source of unexpected changes of radial and decentring distortion, source of systematic errors that can influence the final 3D measurements. The paper provides a brief introduction of underwater optical phenomena involved in underwater photography, then presents the main differences between flat and dome ports to finally discuss the effect of manufacturing on 3D measurements in two case studies.

Court Decisions on Medical Malpractice in China After the New Tort Liability Law.

PubMed

Zhang, Kui; Li, Yuan; Fan, Fei; Liu, Xin; Deng, Zhen-Hua

2016-09-01

A new Tort Law of the People's Republic of China became effective on July 1, 2010. We undertook an analysis of medical malpractice lawsuits brought before regional courts in Beijing districts after this new Tort Liability Law went into effect. In total, 726 cases eventuating in a final verdict were collected from the Beijing district courts from 2011 to 2013 in this retrospective study; 83.7% of the 726 alleged instances of medical malpractice were confirmed to be malpractice by the final verdict. The disciplines most frequently involved with claims of medical malpractice were obstetrics and gynecology, the most frequent outcomes was death, and the most common types of case associated with malpractice was surgery related. The average length of time between the occurrence of the injury and closure of the claim was 9.2 months, and the average payment was ¥163,000. Since the introduction of the new Tort Liability Law, the average time to complete a litigation was shortened, but it has made little apparent difference otherwise.

Psychosocial risks, burnout and intention to quit following the introduction of new software at work.

PubMed

Knani, Mouna; Fournier, Pierre-Sébastien; Biron, Caroline

2018-05-01

Despite a rich literature on association between psychosocial factors, the demand-control-support (DCS) model and burnout, there are few integrated frameworks encompassing the DCS model, burnout and intention to quit, particularly in a technological context. This manuscript examines the relationships between psychosocial risks, the demand-control-support (DCS) model, burnout syndrome and intention to quit following the introduction of new software at work. Data was collected from agents and advisors working at a Canadian university and using newstudy management software. An online questionnaire was sent via the university's internal mail. Finally, 112 people completed the online survey for a response rate of 60.9% . The results of structural equation modeling show that psychological demands, decision latitude and social support are associated with burnout. It is also clear that burnout, in particular depersonalization and emotional exhaustion, is positively associated with intention to quit. The few studies that raise the negative consequences of technology on quality of life in the workplace, and particularly on health, have not succeeded in establishing a direct link between a deterioration of health and the use of technology. This is due to the fact that there are few epidemiological studies on the direct consequences of the use of ITC on health.

Risk of Introduction in Northern Vietnam of HPAI Viruses from China: Description, Patterns and Drivers of Illegal Poultry Trade.

PubMed

Desvaux, S; Nguyen, C O; Vu, D T; Henriquez, C; Ky, V D; Roger, F; Fenwick, S; Goutard, F

2016-08-01

Poultry movement is known to contribute to the dissemination of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses. In Northern Vietnam, the illegal trade of poultry from China is a source of concern and is considered as responsible for the regular introduction of new H5N1 viruses. The general objective of this study was to get a better understanding of this illegal trade (organization, volume, actors involved and drivers) to propose adequate preventive and control options. The information was also used to qualitatively evaluate the risk of exposure of susceptible poultry to HPAI H5N1 virus introduced from China by illegally traded poultry. We found that the main products imported from China are spent hens, day-old chicks (DOCs) and ducklings; spent hens being introduced in very large number. The drivers of this trade are multiple: economic (especially for spent hens) but also technical (demand for improved genetic potential for DOC and ducklings). Furthermore, these introductions also meet a high consumer demand at certain periods of the year. We also found that spatial dispersion of a batch of poultry illegally introduced from China is extensive and rapid, making any prediction of possible new outbreaks very hazardous. Finally, a risk mitigation plan should include measures to tackle the drivers of this trade or to legally organize it, to limit the threat to the local poultry sector. It is also essential for traders to be progressively better organized and biosecure and for hygienic practices to be enforced, as our study confirmed that at-risk behaviours are still very common among this profession. © 2014 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Exercise environment for Introduction to Cyber Technologies class. This software is essentially a collection of short scripts, configuration files, and small executables that form the exercise component of the Sandia Cyber Technologies Academy's Introduction to Cyber Technologies class. It builds upon other open-source technologies, such as Debian Linux and minimega, to provide comprehensive Linux and networking exercises that make learning these topics exciting and fun. Sample exercises: a pre-built set of home directories the student must navigate through to learn about privilege escalation, the creation of a virtual network playground designed to teach the student about the resiliency of themore » Internet, and a two-hour Capture the Flag challenge for the final lesson. There are approximately thirty (30) exercises included for the students to complete as part of the course.« less

30MM GAU-8/A Plastic Frangible Projectile

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-03-01

20. ABSTRACT fContlnuo on rmvert» tld» 11 nacaaaary and Idontlly by block numbmr) ■feA 30mm target practice (TP) projectile, designed to break...contract to solve these problems. As a result, the Air Force has decided to delay further development of this projectile design concept...Section Title I INTRODUCTION II TECHNICAL DISCUSSION Design Parameters Final Projectile Design Design Evolution Acceptance Testing III

Heat Stable Enzymes from Thermophiles

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-02-01

final product and is somewhat messy to work with. Therefore, alternatives were tested. However, no combination of corn syrup , alternative sugars and...INTRODUCTION 9 CLONING OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE GENE AND PRODUCTION OF HIGH SPECIFIC ACTIVITY ENZYME 9 Cloning into E. coil and expression of high activity...JKR209, into an alternative, better producing organism. CLONING OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE GENE AND PRODUCTION OF HIGH SPECIFIC ACTIVITY ENZYME Cloning into

Health and Safety Plan

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-09-01

chloride 0.05 Vinyl chloride 3.8 Ethyl chloride 5.6 Allyl chloridc 31I1- Chloropropane 25 1 -Chlorobutane 72 Chlorocyclopentane 78 Chlorobenzene 107 1 ...Inc. Environmental Hazards Specialists International, Inc. 20061219206 September 1991 THAMA Form 45, 1 Jul 90 * est Available Copy I I II I I FINAL...NOT BE CITED FOR PURPOSES OF ADVERTISEMENT. PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER II 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS I PAGE 1.0 INTRODUCTION

Technology for Analysis of Student Interactions With Complex Programs. Final Report for Period January 1972-February 1973.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lukas, George; Feurzeig, Wallace

A description is provided of a computer system designed to aid in the analysis of student programing work. The first section of the report consists of an overview and user's guide. In it, the system input is described in terms of a "dribble file" which records all student inputs generated; also an introduction is given to the aids…

Teaching Standard English as a Second Dialect to Primary School Children in Hilo, Hawaii. Volume I of II Volumes. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Robert O. H.

This document describes a four-year program designed to develop and test a method for teaching standard English to nonstandard dialect speakers in the first four grades of elementary school in Hilo, Hawaii. Chapters in this first volume are (1) Introduction, (2) Project Site and Evaluation Strategy, (3) Instrumentation, (4) Development of Lesson…

Primer on Molecular Genetics; DOE Human Genome Program

DOE R&D Accomplishments Database

1992-04-01

This report is taken from the April 1992 draft of the DOE Human Genome 1991--1992 Program Report, which is expected to be published in May 1992. The primer is intended to be an introduction to basic principles of molecular genetics pertaining to the genome project. The material contained herein is not final and may be incomplete. Techniques of genetic mapping and DNA sequencing are described.

Creating Workforce Development Systems That Work: An Evaluation of the Initial One-Stop Implementation Experience. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kogan, Deborah; Dickinson, Katherine P.; Fedrau, Ruth; Midling, Michael J.; Wolff, Kristin E.

This report analyzes progress states and local sites have made in implementing the One-Stop Career Center systems. An executive summary is followed by Section A, Introduction, which provides an overview of the One-Stop initiative and describes evaluation objectives and methods. The main portion of the report is organized into three major sections.…

The Holocaust and Education: What Impact Did Educators Have on the Implementation of Anti-Judaic Policies in 1930s Germany?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slavkin, Michael Lawrence

2012-01-01

The successful introduction of formalised anti-Judaic policies in mid-1930s Germany was one of the steps toward the extermination of European Jewry through the implementation of the Final Solution. The current paper seeks to examine the role of social institutions, particularly educational systems within the greater German community, as agents of…

Factors associated with the timing of introduction of complementary feeding: the Generation R Study.

PubMed

Tromp, I I M; Briedé, S; Kiefte-de Jong, J C; Renders, C M; Jaddoe, V W V; Franco, O H; Hofman, A; Raat, H; Moll, H A

2013-06-01

Many parents do not follow recommendations for the timing of introduction of complementary feeding. The aim of this study was to identify determinants associated with the timing of introduction of complementary feeding in a multiethnic birth cohort. Subjects were 3561 mothers and infants participating in a prospective cohort study. The timing of introduction of complementary feeding and maternal and infant characteristics were obtained by parent-derived questionnaires. Regression analyses were performed to identify determinants for the timing of introduction of complementary feeding (<3, 3-6 and ≥ 6 months). In total, 62% of infants were introduced to complementary feeding before the age of 6 months. Determinants for very early (<3 months) introduction were being a single parent and infant day care attendance. Determinants for early (3-6 months) introduction were young maternal age, multiple parities, no infant family history of asthma, atopy and no infant history of allergy to cow's milk. Determinants for both very early and early introduction were low educational level and not fully breastfeeding for 4 months. Maternal educational level was only significantly associated with the timing of introduction in mothers of Western origin. This study confirmed determinants for the timing of introduction of complementary feeding that have been identified by previous studies, which may be appropriate targets for education and guidance. Moreover, mothers whose infants attend day care and have a family history of asthma, atopy or allergy to cow's milk may need guidance to follow infant feeding recommendations.

Evolution of Guidelines on Peanut Allergy and Peanut Introduction in Infants: A Review.

PubMed

Anvari, Sara; Chokshi, Niti Y; Kamili, Qurat Ul Ain; Davis, Carla McGuire

2017-01-01

The reported prevalence of peanut allergy among children in the United States has increased more than 3-fold in the last 20 years. Medical guidelines on the introduction of peanut as well as other allergenic foods have evolved with the emerging evidence that an early introduction to these foods is more beneficial than a delayed introduction. This review highlights the studies that have led to the evolving guidelines on peanut introduction in infants. The prevalence of peanut allergy has increased despite the publication of guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics in 2000, which recommended a delayed introduction of peanut. Since the 2000 guidelines, studies have provided evidence to support an earlier rather than delayed introduction. As a result, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated their guidelines in 2008 to promote peanut introduction during infancy. Current evidence continues to support the benefits of an earlier rather than delayed introduction. Over the years, guidelines on the introduction of peanut have evolved, and recent literature suggests that an earlier rather than delayed introduction is beneficial to prevent peanut allergies in infants.

NARMER-1: a photon point-kernel code with build-up factors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Visonneau, Thierry; Pangault, Laurence; Malouch, Fadhel; Malvagi, Fausto; Dolci, Florence

2017-09-01

This paper presents an overview of NARMER-1, the new generation of photon point-kernel code developed by the Reactor Studies and Applied Mathematics Unit (SERMA) at CEA Saclay Center. After a short introduction giving some history points and the current context of development of the code, the paper exposes the principles implemented in the calculation, the physical quantities computed and surveys the generic features: programming language, computer platforms, geometry package, sources description, etc. Moreover, specific and recent features are also detailed: exclusion sphere, tetrahedral meshes, parallel operations. Then some points about verification and validation are presented. Finally we present some tools that can help the user for operations like visualization and pre-treatment.

Low-Intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave as a Novel Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction.

PubMed

Pan, Michael M; Raees, Ayman; Kovac, Jason R

2016-03-01

The paradigm of erectile dysfunction (ED) treatment was fundamentally altered following the introduction of oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Unfortunately, a significant number of men exhibit a suboptimal response and require additional management strategies. One of the novel, minimally invasive strategies being developed is low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy. Used in the hope of delaying placement of an inflatable penile prosthesis, the final phase of ED treatment, low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy is a unique application of an established technology that may hopefully one day expand the medical options for patients with ED. This commentary will highlight the physiology underlying this technique and summarize the most recent studies. © The Author(s) 2015.

VIDEO BLOGGING AND ENGLISH PRESENTATION PERFORMANCE: A PILOT STUDY.

PubMed

Alan Hung, Shao-Ting; Danny Huang, Heng-Tsung

2015-10-01

This study investigated the utility of video blogs in improving EFL students' performance in giving oral presentations and, further, examined the students' perceptions toward video blogging. Thirty-six English-major juniors participated in a semester-long video blog project for which they uploaded their 3-min. virtual presentation clips over 18 weeks. Their virtual presentation clips were rated by three raters using a scale for speaking performance that contained 14 presentation skills. Data sources included presentation clips, reflections, and interviews. The results indicated that the students' overall presentation performance improved significantly. In particular, among the 14 presentation skills projection, intonation, posture, introduction, conclusion, and purpose saw the most substantial improvement. Finally, the qualitative data revealed that learners perceived that the video blog project facilitated learning but increased anxiety.

Impact of the introduction of rotavirus vaccine on the timeliness of other scheduled vaccines: the Australian experience.

PubMed

Hull, Brynley P; Menzies, Robert; Macartney, Kristine; McIntyre, Peter B

2013-04-08

Strict age limits for receipt of rotavirus vaccines and simultaneous use of vaccines requiring two (Rotarix(®)) and three (RotaTeq(®)) doses in Australia may impact on coverage and timeliness of other vaccines in the infant schedule. Using data from the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR), coverage and timeliness of rotavirus vaccines and changes in timeliness of other infant vaccines following rotavirus vaccine introduction was examined, with particular emphasis on Indigenous infants in whom coverage is less optimal. Final dose rotavirus coverage reached 83% within 21 months of program commencement but remained 7% lower than other vaccines due in infancy. Coverage was 11-17% lower in Indigenous infants. Adherence to the first dose upper age limits for rotavirus vaccine was high with >97% of children vaccinated by the recommended age, but for subsequent rotavirus doses, receipt beyond the upper age limits was more common, especially in Indigenous children. Following rotavirus vaccine introduction, there were improvements in timeliness of receipt of all doses of DTPa-containing and 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. High population coverage can be attained with rotavirus vaccines, even with adherence to strict upper age restrictions for vaccine dose administration. Rotavirus vaccine introduction appears to have impacted upon the timeliness of other concomitantly scheduled vaccines. These factors should be considered when rotavirus programs are introduced. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[The introduction of generic pharmaceutical products into Galicia].

PubMed

Verdejo González, A; López-Lázaro, L; Rodríguez Moreno, C; Piñeiro Lago, B; Pereira Martínez, M L

1999-11-30

To know the evolution of the introduction of generic drugs (GDs) in Galicia. Secondarily, to evaluate its potential impact on pharmaceutical expenditure. Descriptive study of GDs utilization. Cost-minimization analysis. Galician autonomous region, year 1998. Using data from the prescription billing registry of Social Security we have selected the active ingredients corresponding to GDs with prescriptions in Galicia in 1997. We have analyzed the data for their oral single substance preparations by quarters. Consumption in DHDs of allopurinol, atenolol, captopril, naproxen and ranitidine remained stable during 1998. The market share for their GDs in quantitative terms relative to both total consumption of the active ingredients and to their pharmaceutical equivalents, showed an overall growing trend. The maximum observed value was seen for ranitidine at last quarter. Total expenditure (in final customer prices) during 1998 on the selected active substances was higher than 1864 million pesetas. Potential savings afforded by substitution for the lowest price GD prescribed in Galicia would reach 427 million pesetas. GDs market penetration in Galicia during 1998 was limited but increasing. Its utilization may afford estimated savings of 21-28% of the cost for the selected drugs. However, the expenditure on the above drugs was just 2.7% of total pharmaceutical expenditure.

Stem cells for cardiac repair: an introduction

PubMed Central

du Pré, Bastiaan C; Doevendans, Pieter A; van Laake, Linda W

2013-01-01

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Most cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy, are associated with loss of functional cardiomyocytes. Unfortunately, the heart has a limited regenerative capacity and is not able to replace these cardiomyocytes once lost. In recent years, stem cells have been put forward as a potential source for cardiac regeneration. Pre-clinical studies that use stem cell-derived cardiac cells show promising results. The mechanisms, though, are not well understood, results have been variable, sometimes transient in the long term, and often without a mechanistic explanation. There are still several major hurdles to be taken. Stem cell-derived cardiac cells should resemble original cardiac cell types and be able to integrate in the damaged heart. Integration requires administration of stem cell-derived cardiac cells at the right time using the right mode of delivery. Once delivered, transplanted cells need vascularization, electrophysiological coupling with the injured heart, and prevention of immunological rejection. Finally, stem cell therapy needs to be safe, reproducible, and affordable. In this review, we will give an introduction to the principles of stem cell based cardiac repair. PMID:23888179

Wireless steganography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Agaian, Sos S.; Akopian, David; D'Souza, Sunil

2006-02-01

Modern mobile devices are some of the most technologically advanced devices that people use on a daily basis and the current trends in mobile phone technology indicate that tasks achievable by mobile devices will soon exceed our imagination. This paper undertakes a case study of the development and implementation of one of the first known steganography (data hiding) applications on a mobile device. Steganography is traditionally accomplished using the high processing speeds of desktop or notebook computers. With the introduction of mobile platform operating systems, there arises an opportunity for the users to develop and embed their own applications. We take advantage of this opportunity with the introduction of wireless steganographic algorithms. Thus we demonstrates that custom applications, popular with security establishments, can be developed also on mobile systems independent of both the mobile device manufacturer and mobile service provider. For example, this might be a very important feature if the communication is to be controlled exclusively by authorized personnel. The paper begins by reviewing the technological capabilities of modern mobile devices. Then we address a suitable development platform which is based on Symbian TM/Series60 TM architecture. Finally, two data hiding applications developed for Symbian TM/Series60 TM mobile phones are presented.

Evaluating the Difference between Virtual and Paper-Based Clinical Cases in Family Medicine Undergraduate Education

PubMed Central

Cagran, Branka

2018-01-01

Introduction A “virtual patient” is defined as a computer program which simulates real patients' cases. The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of virtual patients affects the level of factual knowledge of family medicine students at the undergraduate level. Methods This was a case-controlled prospective study. The students were randomly divided into experimental (EG: N = 51) and control (CG: N = 48) groups. The students in the EG were asked to practice diagnosis using virtual patients instead of the paper-based clinical cases which were solved by the students in the CG. The main observed variable in the study was knowledge of family medicine, determined by 50 multiple choice questions (MCQs) about knowledge of family medicine. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the groups' initial knowledge. At the final assessment of knowledge, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between their initial and final knowledge. Conclusions The study showed that adding virtual patient cases to the curriculum, instead of paper clinical cases, did not affect the level of factual knowledge about family medicine. Virtual patients can be used, but a significant educational outcome is not expected. PMID:29568779

Apprendre a vivre ensemble grace a l'enseignement de l'histoire et de la geographie. Rapport final du colloque sur le theme. (Learning To Live Together Thanks to the Teaching of History and Geography. Final Report on a Colloquium on That Theme.) Proceedings of a Colloquium Organized Jointly by the International Bureau of Education (UNESCO) and the University of Geneva (Geneva, Switzerland, June 12, 1998).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andre, Yves, Ed.; Mouzoune, Abdelkrim, Ed.

These Proceedings contain 14 chapters (or papers) from a colloquium on learning to live together in peaceful co-existence thanks to the teaching of history and geography. All the papers in the Proceedings are in French, but each paper has both an English summary and a Spanish summary. The 14 papers are, as follows: (1) "Introduction"…

The Impact of Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum Introduction on Dupuytren Treatment Patterns in the United States.

PubMed

Zhao, John Z; Hadley, Scott; Floyd, Emerson; Earp, Brandon E; Blazar, Philip E

2016-10-01

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the use of collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) in the United States in February 2010. This study addresses the impact of that approval on the number of Dupuytren contracture (DC) encounters and treatment patterns in the United States. Using the Intercontinental Marketing Services Health Office-Based Medical Claims database, we identified the monthly number of DC encounters and DC procedures between January 2007 and December 2013. Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum usage data from March 2010 to December 2013 was derived from the U.S. CCH manufacturer's data warehouse. Using the combined data, the yearly increasing trends in DC encounters and treatment volume were compared before and after the introduction of CCH. Time trends in the relative procedure frequencies were then examined. Finally, the presence of seasonal variation was tested for in each treatment type. Dupuytren contracture encounters increased on average by 19,015 per year between 2007 and 2009, whereas between 2011 and 2013, DC encounters increased on average by 34,940 per year. In terms of absolute procedure counts, the surgery trend line began decreasing in 2010 with the release of CCH. Meanwhile, CCH continuously increased between 2010 and 2013, and needle aponeurotomy (NA) remained relatively stable. By the year 2013, minimally invasive techniques (NA and CCH) comprised 39% of all treatment, compared with only 14% in 2007. Lastly, there was a statistically significant seasonal increase in the number of surgical procedures during the wintertime but no seasonal variation in NA or CCH. After the introduction of CCH, the number of Dupuytren encounters increased at a greater annual rate. The introduction and growth of CCH coincided with a decrease in surgery. The number of NA procedures remained steady throughout the study period. The number of open surgery cases followed a predictable seasonal variation with more procedures during the winter months, but this seasonal variation was not seen with less invasive techniques. Economic/Decision Analysis II. Copyright © 2016 American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Scanner qualification with IntenCD based reticle error correction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elblinger, Yair; Finders, Jo; Demarteau, Marcel; Wismans, Onno; Minnaert Janssen, Ingrid; Duray, Frank; Ben Yishai, Michael; Mangan, Shmoolik; Cohen, Yaron; Parizat, Ziv; Attal, Shay; Polonsky, Netanel; Englard, Ilan

2010-03-01

Scanner introduction into the fab production environment is a challenging task. An efficient evaluation of scanner performance matrices during factory acceptance test (FAT) and later on during site acceptance test (SAT) is crucial for minimizing the cycle time for pre and post production-start activities. If done effectively, the matrices of base line performance established during the SAT are used as a reference for scanner performance and fleet matching monitoring and maintenance in the fab environment. Key elements which can influence the cycle time of the SAT, FAT and maintenance cycles are the imaging, process and mask characterizations involved with those cycles. Discrete mask measurement techniques are currently in use to create across-mask CDU maps. By subtracting these maps from their final wafer measurement CDU map counterparts, it is possible to assess the real scanner induced printed errors within certain limitations. The current discrete measurement methods are time consuming and some techniques also overlook mask based effects other than line width variations, such as transmission and phase variations, all of which influence the final printed CD variability. Applied Materials Aera2TM mask inspection tool with IntenCDTM technology can scan the mask at high speed, offer full mask coverage and accurate assessment of all masks induced source of errors simultaneously, making it beneficial for scanner qualifications and performance monitoring. In this paper we report on a study that was done to improve a scanner introduction and qualification process using the IntenCD application to map the mask induced CD non uniformity. We will present the results of six scanners in production and discuss the benefits of the new method.

Beans in Europe: origin and structure of the European landraces of Phaseolus vulgaris L.

PubMed

Angioi, S A; Rau, D; Attene, G; Nanni, L; Bellucci, E; Logozzo, G; Negri, V; Spagnoletti Zeuli, P L; Papa, R

2010-09-01

This study focuses on the expansion of Phaseolus vulgaris in Europe. The pathways of distribution of beans into and across Europe were very complex, with several introductions from the New World that were combined with direct exchanges between European and other Mediterranean countries. We have analyzed here six chloroplast microsatellite (cpSSR) loci and two unlinked nuclear loci (for phaseolin types and Pv-shatterproof1). We have assessed the genetic structure and level of diversity of a large collection of European landraces of P. vulgaris (307) in comparison to 94 genotypes from the Americas that are representative of the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools. First, we show that most of the European common bean landraces (67%) are of Andean origin, and that there are no strong differences across European regions for the proportions of the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools. Moreover, cytoplasmic diversity is evenly distributed across European regions. Secondly, the cytoplasmic bottleneck that was due to the introduction of P. vulgaris into the Old World was very weak or nearly absent. This is in contrast to evidence from nuclear analyses that have suggested a bottleneck of greater intensity. Finally, we estimate that a relatively high proportion of the European bean germplasm (about 44%) was derived from hybridization between the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools. Moreover, although hybrids are present everywhere in Europe, they show an uneven distribution, with high frequencies in central Europe, and low frequencies in Spain and Italy. On the basis of these data, we suggest that the entire European continent and not only some of the countries therein can be regarded as a secondary diversification center for P. vulgaris. Finally, we outline the relevance of these inter-gene pool hybrids for plant breeding.

Determination of the dissolution slowness surface by study of etched shapes I. Morphology of the dissolution slowness surface and theoretical etched shapes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leblois, T.; Tellier, C. R.

1992-07-01

We propose a theoretical model for the anisotropic etching of crystals, in order to be applied in the micromachining. The originality of the model is due to the introduction of dissolution tensors to express the representative surface of the dissolution slowness. The knowledge of the equation of the slowness surface allows us to determine the trajectories of all the elements which compose the starting surface. It is then possible to construct the final etched shape by numerical simulation. Several examples are given in this paper which show that the final etched shapes are correlated to the extrema of the dissolution slowness. Since the slowness surface must be determined from experiments, emphasis is placed on difficulties encountered when we correlate theory to experiments. Nous avons modélisé le processus de dissolution anisotrope des cristaux en vue d'une application à la simulation des formes obtenues par photolithogravure chimique. La principale originalité de ce modèle tient à l'introduction de tenseurs de dissolution pour exprimer la surface représentative de la lenteur de dissolution. La connaissance de l'équation de la lenteur de dissolution permet de calculer les trajectoires des différents éléments constituant la surface de départ puis de reconstituer par simulation la forme dissoute. Les simulations démontrent que les formes limites des cristaux dissous sont corrélées aux extrema de la lenteur de dissolution. La détermination de la surface de la lenteur se faisant à partir de mesures expérimetales, nous nous sommes efforcés de montrer toutes les difficultés attachées à cette analyse.

Pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction in women with multiple sclerosis.

PubMed

Lúcio, Adélia Correia; Campos, Renata Martins; Perissinotto, Maria Carolina; Miyaoka, Ricardo; Damasceno, Benito Pereira; D'ancona, Carlos Arturo Levi

2010-11-01

Evaluate the role of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) on the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. In this randomized controlled trial, twenty seven female patients with a diagnosis of MS and LUTD complaints were randomized, in two groups: Treatment group (GI) (N = 13) and Sham group (GII) (N = 14). Evaluation included urodynamic study, 24-hr Pad testing, three day voiding diary and pelvic floor evaluation according to PERFECT scheme. Intervention was performed twice a week for 12 weeks in both groups. GI intervention consisted of PFMT with assistance of a vaginal perineometer. GII received a sham treatment consisted on the introduction of a perineometer inside the vagina with no contraction required. At the end of the treatment GI was complaining less about storage and voiding symptoms than GII. Furthermore, differences found between groups were: reduction of pad weight (P = 0.00) (Mean: 87,51 grams initial and 6,03 grams final in GI. 69,46 grams initial and 75,88 grams final in GII), number of pads (P = 0.01) (Mean: 3,61 initial and 2,15 final in GI. 3,42 initial and 3,28 final in GII) and nocturia events (P < 0.00) (Mean: 2,38 initial and 0,46 final in GI. 2,55 initial and 2,47 final in GII) and improvements of muscle power (P = 0.00), endurance (P < 0.00), resistance (P < 0.00) and fast contractions (P < 0.00), domains of PERFECT scheme. PFMT is an effective approach to treat LUTD in female with MS. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Impacts of Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) development on recreation and tourism. Volume 4. User's manual

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The final report for the project is presented in five volumes. The project sought to determine the impact of Outer Continental Shelf development on recreation and tourism in California. This volume is the User's Guide. It includes the following topics: Introduction and Summary Guide; Input Data Files; Gravity Model Programs; Economic Effects Model Programs; Consumer Surplus Model Programs; References; and Appendices.

The Negative Behaviors of Coaches: "Don't Be This Guy!"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Craig

2013-01-01

Introduction: Kickoff is 11:00 am and all the players are on the pitch being warmed up by a parent--all the players except one, of course, and her father, the coach. Sure, it is only an under-8 recreational match, but don't all players deserve a responsible coach? When he finally wanders in from the parking lot, he is in his cutoffs and flip…

Kansas State Plan for Career Education. Final Report. F.Y. 1978, July 1, 1977--September 30, 1978.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

InterAmerica Research Associates, Lawrence, KS.

A two-year project was undertaken in Kansas to develop a five-year plan for career education in the state. The first year resulted in (1) a brief summary of previous work done in Kansas since the introduction of the career education concept, (2) establishment of a definition of career education, (3) a description of various resources that can be…

76 FR 69545 - Conditions and Requirements for Relying on Component Part Testing or Certification, or Another...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-08

... to section 14(d) of the CPSA to section 14(i) of the CPSA due to renumbering arising out of H.R. 2715... CPSA to cite section 14(i) of the CPSA, as a result of renumbering arising out of H.R. 2715. 4... INFORMATION: I. Introduction A. What is the purpose of the final rule? Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal...

Re-Casting the FAC Net: People, Platforms, and Policy in Forward Air Control

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

100 Super Sabre “Misty FAC”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 1 i Introduction Through the first six months of Operation...threat was greatly increased, FACs used F-100 Super Sabres and F-4 Phantom IIs to improve chances of survival. Finally, the enemy continued to...visibility. Source: http://www.pacificaviationmuseum.org/pearl-harbor-blog/north- american-f-100f-super- sabre -s-n-58-1232 Other innovations

Re-casting the FAC Net: People, Platforms, and Policy in Forward Air Control

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

100 Super Sabre “Misty FAC”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 1 i Introduction Through the first six months of Operation...threat was greatly increased, FACs used F-100 Super Sabres and F-4 Phantom IIs to improve chances of survival. Finally, the enemy continued to...visibility. Source: http://www.pacificaviationmuseum.org/pearl-harbor-blog/north- american-f-100f-super- sabre -s-n-58-1232 Other innovations

Optimization of Breast Tomosynthesis Imaging Systems for Computer-Aided Detection

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-01

R. Saunders, E. Samei, C. Badea, H. Yuan, K. Ghaghada, Y. Qi, L. Hedlund, and S. Mukundan, “Optimization of dual energy contrast enhanced breast...14 4 1 Introduction This is the final report for this body of research. Screen-film mammography and...digital mammography have been used for over 30 years in the early detection of cancer. The combination of screening and adjuvant therapies have led to

The Use of Wetting Agents/Fume Supressants for Minimizing the Atmospheric Emissions from Hard Chromium Electroplating Baths

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-08-01

ESTCP FINAL REPORT For THE USE OF WETTING AGENTS/ FUME SUPPRESSANTS FOR MINIMIZING THE ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS FROM HARD CHROMIUM ...Introduction This project demonstrates that a “third” generation wetting agent / fume suppressant (WA/FS) chemical additive to hard chromium ...DOD operations fall in the same category.) Several papers, including Use of Fume Suppressants in Hard Chromium Baths - Quality Testing and Use

Libraries--Link To Learning. Final Report on the Indiana Governor's Conference on Libraries and Information Services (2nd, Indianapolis, Indiana, November 16-18, 1990).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henson, Jane E., Ed.

This report focuses on the three themes of the 1991 White House Conference on Library and Information Services, i.e., Democracy, Literacy, and Productivity. The report begins with an introduction by State Librarian Ray Ewick and a summary of the conference activities. Executive summaries of remarks made by speakers during three general conference…

Comparison of DSMC Reaction Models with QCT Reaction Rates for Nitrogen

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-07-17

The U.S. Government is joint author of the work and has the right to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose the work. 13...Distribution A: Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited PA #16299 Introduction • Comparison with measurements is final goal • Validation...model verification and parameter adjustment • Four chemistry models: total collision energy (TCE), quantum kinetic (QK), vibration-dissociation favoring

A construction scheme of web page comment information extraction system based on frequent subtree mining

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xiaowen; Chen, Bingfeng

2017-08-01

Based on the frequent sub-tree mining algorithm, this paper proposes a construction scheme of web page comment information extraction system based on frequent subtree mining, referred to as FSM system. The entire system architecture and the various modules to do a brief introduction, and then the core of the system to do a detailed description, and finally give the system prototype.

AN EIGHT WEEK SEMINAR IN AN INTRODUCTION TO NUMERICAL CONTROL ON TWO- AND THREE-AXIS MACHINE TOOLS FOR VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL MACHINE TOOL INSTRUCTORS. FINAL REPORT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BOLDT, MILTON; POKORNY, HARRY

THIRTY-THREE MACHINE SHOP INSTRUCTORS FROM 17 STATES PARTICIPATED IN AN 8-WEEK SEMINAR TO DEVELOP THE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE ESSENTIAL FOR TEACHING THE OPERATION OF NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED MACHINE TOOLS. THE SEMINAR WAS GIVEN FROM JUNE 20 TO AUGUST 12, 1966, WITH COLLEGE CREDIT AVAILABLE THROUGH STOUT STATE UNIVERSITY. THE PARTICIPANTS COMPLETED AN…

Instrumental variable methods in comparative safety and effectiveness research.

PubMed

Brookhart, M Alan; Rassen, Jeremy A; Schneeweiss, Sebastian

2010-06-01

Instrumental variable (IV) methods have been proposed as a potential approach to the common problem of uncontrolled confounding in comparative studies of medical interventions, but IV methods are unfamiliar to many researchers. The goal of this article is to provide a non-technical, practical introduction to IV methods for comparative safety and effectiveness research. We outline the principles and basic assumptions necessary for valid IV estimation, discuss how to interpret the results of an IV study, provide a review of instruments that have been used in comparative effectiveness research, and suggest some minimal reporting standards for an IV analysis. Finally, we offer our perspective of the role of IV estimation vis-à-vis more traditional approaches based on statistical modeling of the exposure or outcome. We anticipate that IV methods will be often underpowered for drug safety studies of very rare outcomes, but may be potentially useful in studies of intended effects where uncontrolled confounding may be substantial.

Effect of introduction of pentavalent vaccine as replacement for Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis and Hepatitis B vaccines on vaccination uptake in a health facility in Nigeria.

PubMed

Sadoh, Ayebo Evawere; Nwaneri, Damian Uchechukwu; Ogboghodo, Bamidele Charity; Sadoh, Wilson Ehidiamen

2016-05-23

The introduction of a new vaccine into an immunization programme may affect the immunization system negatively or positively. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the introduction of the pentavalent vaccine as replacement for DTP and Hepatitis B vaccines on timeliness, completion of the schedule and dropout rates among children attending a health facility. This was a retrospective cohort study which involved extracting immunization records of children attending the Institute of Child Health Child Welfare Clinic between June 2011 and May 2013. Pentavalent vaccine was introduced as a replacement for DTP and Hepatitis B vaccines in June 2012. The uptake, timeliness and dropout rates of different vaccines in the immunization schedule were determined for children who commenced immunization in the pre, peri and post introduction phases. A total of 1110 children were studied - 190, 410 and 510 who commenced vaccination in the pre, peri and post introduction phases of the pentavalent vaccine respectively. Uptake was significantly higher for all vaccines in the post introduction phase compared to pre and peri introduction phases (p<0.001). Completion of the immunization schedule by 60.2% of the children who commenced vaccination in the post introduction phase was higher than the 31.6% and 41.7% for the pre and peri introduction phases respectively (p<0.001). Significantly more visits were required to complete the schedule in the peri introduction phase compared to the pre and post introduction phases p<0.001. Delay in receipt of the three doses of DTP/PENTA was significantly longer in the peri introduction phase compared to pre and post introduction phases. The introduction of pentavalent vaccine significantly improved uptake of vaccines and completion of the schedule but resulted in prolonged delay in receipt of vaccines during the introduction period. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Early Introduction of an Evidence-based Medicine Course to Preclinical Medical Students

PubMed Central

Srinivasan, Malathi; Weiner, Michael; Breitfeld, Philip P; Brahmi, Fran; Dickerson, Keith L; Weiner, Gary

2002-01-01

Evidence-based Medicine (EBM) has been increasingly integrated into medical education curricula. Using an observational research design, we evaluated the feasibility of introducing a 1-month problem-based EBM course for 139 first-year medical students at a large university center. We assessed program performance through the use of a web-based curricular component and practice exam, final examination scores, student satisfaction surveys, and a faculty questionnaire. Students demonstrated active involvement in learning EBM and ability to use EBM principles. Facilitators felt that students performed well and compared favorably with residents whom they had supervised in the past year. Both faculty and students were satisfied with the EBM course. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate that early introduction of EBM principles as a short course to preclinical medical students is feasible and practical. PMID:11903776

Forum on stigma, discrimination, and health: policies and research challenges. Introduction.

PubMed

Monteiro, Simone; Villela, Wilza Vieira

2012-01-01

This introduction outlines the Forum on stigma, discrimination, and health: policies and research challenges, including four articles and a final commentary. The first article reviews the development of international research on the relationship between discrimination and health. The second analyzes the recent Brazilian research output on AIDS, stigma, and discrimination. The third article addresses conceptual and methodological aspects of the relations between discrimination and health from an epidemiological perspective. The forth examines the process of affirming sexual rights in Brazil, involving the judiciary system, public policies, and the executive and legislative branches of government, among others. The fifth paper presents comments and questions on the contents discussed in the first four articles. The reflections aim to provide conceptual and methodological contributions for research and health policies on stigma and discrimination, given the gaps identified in the international and Brazilian literature.

Heavy Ion Formation in Titan's Ionosphere: Magnetospheric Introduction of Free Oxygen and Source of Titan's Aerosols?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sittler, E. C., Jr.; Hartle, R. E.; Cooper, J. F.; Johnson, R. E.; Coates, A.; dePater, imke; Strom, Daphne; Simoes, F.; Steele, A.; Robb, F.

2007-01-01

With the recent discovery of heavy ions, positive and negative, by the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) instrument in Titan's ionosphere, it reveals new possibilities for aerosol formation at Titan and the introduction of free oxygen to the aerosol chemistry from Saturn's magnetosphere with Enceladus as the primary oxygen source. One can estimate whether the heavy ions in the ionosphere are of sufficient number to account for all the aerosols, under what conditions are favorable for heavy ion formation and how they are introduced as seed particles deeper in Titan's atmosphere where the aerosols form and eventually find themselves on Titan's surface where unknown chemical processes can take place. Finally, what are the possibilities with regard to their chemistry on the surface with some free oxygen present in their seed particles?

A concise introduction to Colombeau generalized functions and their applications in classical electrodynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gsponer, Andre

2009-01-01

The objective of this introduction to Colombeau algebras of generalized functions (in which distributions can be freely multiplied) is to explain in elementary terms the essential concepts necessary for their application to basic nonlinear problems in classical physics. Examples are given in hydrodynamics and electrodynamics. The problem of the self-energy of a point electric charge is worked out in detail: the Coulomb potential and field are defined as Colombeau generalized functions, and integrals of nonlinear expressions corresponding to products of distributions (such as the square of the Coulomb field and the square of the delta function) are calculated. Finally, the methods introduced in Gsponer (2007 Eur. J. Phys. 28 267, 2007 Eur. J. Phys. 28 1021 and 2007 Eur. J. Phys. 28 1241), to deal with point-like singularities in classical electrodynamics are confirmed.

Consideration of VT5 etch-based OPC modeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lim, ChinTeong; Temchenko, Vlad; Kaiser, Dieter; Meusel, Ingo; Schmidt, Sebastian; Schneider, Jens; Niehoff, Martin

2008-03-01

Including etch-based empirical data during OPC model calibration is a desired yet controversial decision for OPC modeling, especially for process with a large litho to etch biasing. While many OPC software tools are capable of providing this functionality nowadays; yet few were implemented in manufacturing due to various risks considerations such as compromises in resist and optical effects prediction, etch model accuracy or even runtime concern. Conventional method of applying rule-based alongside resist model is popular but requires a lot of lengthy code generation to provide a leaner OPC input. This work discusses risk factors and their considerations, together with introduction of techniques used within Mentor Calibre VT5 etch-based modeling at sub 90nm technology node. Various strategies are discussed with the aim of better handling of large etch bias offset without adding complexity into final OPC package. Finally, results were presented to assess the advantages and limitations of the final method chosen.

AutoLock: a semiautomated system for radiotherapy treatment plan quality control

PubMed Central

Lowe, Matthew; Hardy, Mark J.; Boylan, Christopher J.; Whitehurst, Philip; Rowbottom, Carl G.

2015-01-01

A semiautomated system for radiotherapy treatment plan quality control (QC), named AutoLock, is presented. AutoLock is designed to augment treatment plan QC by automatically checking aspects of treatment plans that are well suited to computational evaluation, whilst summarizing more subjective aspects in the form of a checklist. The treatment plan must pass all automated checks and all checklist items must be acknowledged by the planner as correct before the plan is finalized. Thus AutoLock uniquely integrates automated treatment plan QC, an electronic checklist, and plan finalization. In addition to reducing the potential for the propagation of errors, the integration of AutoLock into the plan finalization workflow has improved efficiency at our center. Detailed audit data are presented, demonstrating that the treatment plan QC rejection rate fell by around a third following the clinical introduction of AutoLock. PACS number: 87.55.Qr PMID:26103498

AutoLock: a semiautomated system for radiotherapy treatment plan quality control.

PubMed

Dewhurst, Joseph M; Lowe, Matthew; Hardy, Mark J; Boylan, Christopher J; Whitehurst, Philip; Rowbottom, Carl G

2015-05-08

A semiautomated system for radiotherapy treatment plan quality control (QC), named AutoLock, is presented. AutoLock is designed to augment treatment plan QC by automatically checking aspects of treatment plans that are well suited to computational evaluation, whilst summarizing more subjective aspects in the form of a checklist. The treatment plan must pass all automated checks and all checklist items must be acknowledged by the planner as correct before the plan is finalized. Thus AutoLock uniquely integrates automated treatment plan QC, an electronic checklist, and plan finalization. In addition to reducing the potential for the propagation of errors, the integration of AutoLock into the plan finalization workflow has improved efficiency at our center. Detailed audit data are presented, demonstrating that the treatment plan QC rejection rate fell by around a third following the clinical introduction of AutoLock.

A Stochastic Model to Study Rift Valley Fever Persistence with Different Seasonal Patterns of Vector Abundance: New Insights on the Endemicity in the Tropical Island of Mayotte

PubMed Central

Dommergues, Laure; Zumbo, Betty; Cardinale, Eric

2015-01-01

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic vector-borne disease causing abortion storms in cattle and human epidemics in Africa. Our aim was to evaluate RVF persistence in a seasonal and isolated population and to apply it to Mayotte Island (Indian Ocean), where the virus was still silently circulating four years after its last known introduction in 2007. We proposed a stochastic model to estimate RVF persistence over several years and under four seasonal patterns of vector abundance. Firstly, the model predicted a wide range of virus spread patterns, from obligate persistence in a constant or tropical environment (without needing vertical transmission or reintroduction) to frequent extinctions in a drier climate. We then identified for each scenario of seasonality the parameters that most influenced prediction variations. Persistence was sensitive to vector lifespan and biting rate in a tropical climate, and to host viraemia duration and vector lifespan in a drier climate. The first epizootic peak was primarily sensitive to viraemia duration and thus likely to be controlled by vaccination, whereas subsequent peaks were sensitive to vector lifespan and biting rate in a tropical climate, and to host birth rate and viraemia duration in arid climates. Finally, we parameterized the model according to Mayotte known environment. Mosquito captures estimated the abundance of eight potential RVF vectors. Review of RVF competence studies on these species allowed adjusting transmission probabilities per bite. Ruminant serological data since 2004 and three new cross-sectional seroprevalence studies are presented. Transmission rates had to be divided by more than five to best fit observed data. Five years after introduction, RVF persisted in more than 10% of the simulations, even under this scenario of low transmission. Hence, active surveillance must be maintained to better understand the risk related to RVF persistence and to prevent new introductions. PMID:26147799

Predictors to parental knowledge about childhood immunisation/EPI vaccines in two health districts in Cameroon prior to the introduction of 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines (PCV-13)

PubMed Central

Libwea, John Njuma; Kobela, Marie; Ollgren, Jukka; Emah, Irene; Tchio, Robert; Nohynek, Hanna

2014-01-01

Introduction Pneumonia is vaccine-preventable, but the increasing death toll resulting from the disease in Sub-Saharan Africa is alarming. Several factors account for vaccine failing to reach every child, besides incomplete vaccine coverage. Most of these include the perceptions of parents/guardians and healthcare providers. Previous studies on the introduction of new vaccines have focused on experimental trials, coverage figures and vaccine efficacy in developed countries. Little is known on the factors which may hinder the implementation process despite the huge challenges this may encounter in developing countries. This study described the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of parents/guardians on pneumonia and immunisations/EPI vaccines; identify predictive parental socio-economic/demographic characteristics that of good knowledge on pneumonia infections, routine EPI vaccines and the PCV-13. Finally, the study described health center personnel perceptions about immunisations. Methods The WHO's immunisation coverage cluster survey design was used, involving parents/guardians (n = 205) of children aged 0-59 months and health centre personnel (n = 13) directly concerned with vaccination activities between July-September 2010 in two health districts in Yaounde, Cameroon. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic models were used to analyse the parental/guardian data while the health personnel data was only analysed descriptively using SPSS version 17.0. Results Only 19% of the parents/guardians were aware of the availability of the PCV-13. Logistic modelling identified important associations between parental socio-economic/demographic factors and good knowledge on pneumonia disease burden and prevention. Conclusion According to parents/guardians a short and clear message on the dangers of pneumonia and the need for prevention provided to parents/guardians during sensitisation/out-reach campaigns and use of social network avenues would be primordial, if the PCV-13 is to reach every child. PMID:25396013

Introduction to special issue: Attention & Plasticity.

PubMed

Hopfinger, Joseph B

2017-04-01

Mechanisms of attention are a prime target for investigating the plasticity of the adult brain, as these core mechanisms act at the intersection of top-down and bottom-up processing, and the wide variety of methods used in attention research can be utilized to elucidate the mechanisms of plasticity. This special issue of Cognitive Neuroscience presents three new empirical papers and a discussion paper with peer commentaries. In the first article, Voelker, Sheese, and colleagues investigate the influence of genetic variation on the effectiveness of attention training. Della Libera and colleagues then present a study investigating how individual differences in personality traits affect the acquisition of reward-based attention biases. In the final empirical paper, Hopfinger and colleagues present a transcranial stimulation study investigating the influence of different oscillatory stimulations on the efficiency of attentional reorienting. Finally, Voelker, Piscopo, and colleagues present a discussion paper in which they suggest that successful training of attention is linked to changes in the underlying white matter. The papers in this special issue present a sampling of the range of issues and methodologies being brought to bear to further our understanding of the malleability of the mechanisms of attention and of the plasticity of the brain.

Antimicrobial knowledge and confidence amongst final year medical students in Australia

PubMed Central

Weier, Naomi; Thursky, Karin

2017-01-01

Introduction Inappropriate use of antimicrobials is one of the major modifiable contributors to antimicrobial resistance. There is currently no validated survey tool available to assess knowledge and confidence of medical students in infectious diseases (ID) compared to other diseases states, and little is known about this topic. Materials and methods A cross-sectional survey of final year medical students attending universities around Australia was conducted between August and September, 2015. A survey unique from other published studies was developed to survey satisfaction in education, confidence and knowledge in ID, and how this compared to these factors in cardiovascular diseases. Results Reliability and validity was demonstrated in the survey tool used. Students were more likely to rate university education as sufficient for cardiovascular diseases (91.3%) compared to ID (72.5%), and were more confident in their knowledge of cardiovascular diseases compared to ID (74.38% vs. 53.76%). Students tended to answer more cardiovascular disease related clinical questions correctly (mean score 78%), compared to questions on antimicrobial use (mean score 45%). Conclusions Poor knowledge and confidence amongst final year medical students in Australia were observed in ID. Antimicrobial stewardship agenda should include the provision of additional training in antimicrobial prescribing to the future medical workforce. PMID:28771549

Feed supplementation improves estrus response and increases fertility of sheep induced to breed out of season.

PubMed

Khlil, Z Ben; Khnissi, S; Rekik, M; Lassoued, N

2017-03-01

To test the efficacy on reproductive performance of nutritional supplementation in an out-of-season mating system, 66 adult prolific Barbarine ewes were selected and induced to breed using "ram effect". The ewes were allocated to two homogeneous groups; each ewe received on a daily basis 700 g of hay and 500 g of barley grains starting 3 weeks before or 1 week after rams' introduction in group 1 and group 2, respectively. Supplementation ended 1 month after rams' introduction and mating lasted 60 days. Final live weight 30 days after introduction of rams was higher (P < 0.05) for ewes in group1 (39.45 vs. 36.72 kg). Seven days after introduction of rams, ewes in group 1 recorded higher plasma glucose levels than females in group 2 (4.12 and 3.9 S.E.M. 0.05 mmol l -1 ). Proportions of ewes which displayed estrus between days 16 and 26 were 48 and 38% in group 1 and group 2, respectively (P < 0.05), and those which had a normal induced cycle (16-17 days) were 25 and 11% in group 1 and group 2, respectively (P < 0.05). Fertilities were higher (P < 0.05) for ewes in group 1 than in group 2 (91.17 vs. 75.75% and 97.1 vs. 81.8% for fertility at induced estrus and total fertility, respectively). It is concluded that a timed supplementation starting 3 weeks before introduction of rams is effective in yielding high reproductive performance for the prolific strain of the Barbarine breed.

Video study of physician selection: preferences in the face of diversity.

PubMed

Gerbert, Barbara; Berg-Smith, Steven; Mancuso, Michelle; Caspers, Nona; Danley, Dale; Herzig, Karen; Brand, Richard

2003-07-01

To determine whether a diverse group of people would predominantly choose a white male physician regardless of group member's sex and ethnicity when given a choice among 6 actor-portrayed video doctors (males and females of Latino, European, and African descent) and whether further exposure would alter initial selections. Participants selected a video doctor after viewing a brief introduction and again after viewing the delivery of a prevention message. Three hundred ninety-five participants recruited at a shopping mall in the San Francisco Bay Area (61% female, 39% male; 30% Asian American, 29% European American, 26% Latino, 8% African American, and 7% other). Initial and final video doctor selections; ratings of video doctors on interpersonal qualities. Most participants (85% of females and 63% of males) initially chose a female video doctor (P<.001) and even more did so at final selection. Approximately half initially chose a same-race video doctor (66% of European Americans, 51% of Latinos, and 50% of African Americans), but fewer did so at final selection (56% of European Americans, 44% of Latinos, and 52% of African Americans). In addition, at final selection 57% of Asian Americans and other-ethnicity participants chose a non-European American video doctor. Many healthcare consumers will accept physicians of both sexes and of different races. After observing the video doctors demonstrate a professional and warm affect, participants became even more receptive to choosing a video doctor of a different race. Video doctor technology holds promise for increasing our understanding of patients' preferences.

Generics market in Greece: the pharmaceutical industry's beliefs.

PubMed

Geitona, Mary; Zavras, Dimitrios; Hatzikou, Magda; Kyriopoulos, John

2006-11-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the beliefs and perspectives of the pharmaceutical industry on generic medication in Greece. Questionnaires were mailed to all 58 members of the Hellenic Association of Pharmaceutical Companies from November 2002 to February 2003. The response rate was 52%, namely 30 questionnaires were completed and returned. The questionnaire requested information on companies' involvement in generics, their opinion on generics' characteristics and on public policies affecting the demand and supply of generic medication. A descriptive analysis of the outcomes, that is percentage comparison through binomial tests and Fisher tests, was performed. According to our findings, 43% of the respondents were involved in the production and distribution of generics and the mean period of their involvement was 12 years. The majority of the respondents were in favor of their companies' involvement in generics, despite the relatively small market share of generics in Greece; 9.7% of total pharmaceutical market in 2003. Bearing in mind that in Greece the promotion of generics is not encouraged, pharmaceutical companies believe that the mandatory introduction of bioequivalence studies is an indirect promotional strategy towards generics. Additionally, the majority declared that their main competitive advantages are their safety, efficacy and effectiveness as well as their economic benefit to the society. Finally, the respondents expressed their preference for the introduction of pharmacoeconomic submissions for drugs' reimbursement by social insurance funds.

Pure Electron Plasmas near Thermal Equilibrium

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-11-01

I University of California, San Diego Institute of Pure and Applied Physical Sciences La Jolla, CA 92093 N 0 (V) Final Technical Report N "Pure...Research/code -..... " 1112AI. VC 1/8/91 ’ , .... i ; () -ii- r INTRODUCTION Since 1982 the plasma group at UCSD has been conducting an experimental and...scale. We have also observed an unusual I = 1 instability which the previously published theoretical literature stated unconditionally was stable. The

Introduction to Robust Multivariable Control

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-02-01

AX DAVIS, Assistant for Research and Technology Flight Control Division Flight Dynamics Laboratory "If your address has changed, if you wish to be...particular chapter is given at the end of each chapter. It is needless to say that there are numerour other - publications in this area of controls research ...tco in this Area of research comprehensively in a single report. Finally, even though most of the material in this report comes from publications of W

Stark laws and fair market value exceptions: an introduction.

PubMed

Siebrasse, Paul B

2007-01-01

This article will focus on one aspect of complexity in modern healthcare, namely the implications of Stark laws and other fraud and abuse provisions, including anti-kickback statutes and HIPAA. Also, this article explores the prevalence of fair market value as an exception in the Stark laws and discusses the meanings of those exceptions. Finally, the article explores basic approaches to assessing fair market value, including cost, income, and marketing approaches.

Chemistry, toxicity, and bioavailability of copper and its relationship to regulation in the marine environment. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Seligman, P.E.; Zirino, A.

1998-11-01

This document details issues addressed at a June 1997 workshop attended by Navy and regulatory representatives and scientific experts. Objectives discussed were: (1) define the current status and future direction of copper (Cu) regulations, (2) define problems and issues associated with the introduction of copper into the estuarine environment, and (3) discuss and evaluate the relationship between copper speciation, bio-availability, and toxicity.

Regulation of Cdc42/Rac Signaling in the Establishment of Cell Polarity and Control of Cell Motility

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-08-01

Irazoqui Breast Cancer Predoctoral Traineeship Final Report Introduction Cdc42p, together with other polarity proteins, becomes polarized to a cap... Cancer Biology, Certificate in Cell and Molecular Biology. "* Awarded the Jane Coffin Childs Postdoctoral Fellowship for continuing research in the...Bemlp binds directly to both the Cdc42p-directed GEF Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710

Heterogeneous Catalysis: Understanding for Designing, and Designing for Applications.

PubMed

Corma, Avelino

2016-05-17

"… Despite the introduction of high-throughput and combinatorial methods that certainly can be useful in the process of catalysts optimization, it is recognized that the generation of fundamental knowledge at the molecular level is key for the development of new concepts and for reaching the final objective of solid catalysts by design …" Read more in the Editorial by Avelino Corma. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Automated Cooperative Trajectories

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hanson, Curt; Pahle, Joseph; Brown, Nelson

2015-01-01

This presentation is an overview of the Automated Cooperative Trajectories project. An introduction to the phenomena of wake vortices is given, along with a summary of past research into the possibility of extracting energy from the wake by flying close parallel trajectories. Challenges and barriers to adoption of civilian automatic wake surfing technology are identified. A hardware-in-the-loop simulation is described that will support future research. Finally, a roadmap for future research and technology transition is proposed.

Il progetto Sole, cielo, ambiente

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guerrieri, Maria Antonietta

2006-04-01

A.T.A. (Tusculan Astronomy Association), with the financial support of the District of Rome, carried out an educational project in five high schools. After a theoretic introduction about the Sun, its physics and its interaction with the Earth, some A.T.A. members instructed the students in using the telescope to observe and photograph sunspots. All the schools collaborated in shooting the images of sunspots and in the final analysis and elaboration of data.

Navigation in GPS Denied Environments: Feature-Aided Inertial Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

21] Brown , R. G. and Hwang , P. Y. C., Introduction to Random Signals and Applied Kalman Filtering, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York...knowledge is provided in [17]. An online (extended Kalman filter-based) method for calculating a trajectory by tracking features at an unknown location on...Finally, the trajectory error is estimated using these associated features in a Kalman estimator. The next couple of paragraphs will explain these

Field Tests of a Laser Raman Measurement System for Aircraft Engine Exhaust Emissions

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-10-01

apparatus underwent significant changes as the final engineering design evolved. Section Ill describes the tests which were conducted with the...2- I , U~ - - SECTION II EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS As noted in the Introduction to this report, the conceptual design of the experimental laser Raman...overlap in the measurement volume of Interest, The details Wf thisl opýýlp &I engineering design trod@. off have been proviouuly replorted toy Munrio

Experiments and Simulations of Exploding Aluminum Wires: Validation of ALEGRA-MHD

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-01

ii REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 ...currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1 . REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) September 2010 2. REPORT TYPE Final...List of Tables vi Acknowledgements vii 1 . Introduction 1 2. Experimental Setup 2 3. Computational Setup 5 3.1 Description of ALEGRA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ronfeldt, D.; Nehring, R.; Gandara, A.

This report examines selected factor affecting Mexico's future petroleum policies, and then assesses various implications of Mexico's petroleum for US interests and policies. After a brief introduction, the report is divided into three sections. The first offers a detailed analysis of Mexico's petroleum resources and production possibilities. The second considers petroleum as a symbolic issue of profound significance for Mexican nationalism. The final section provides an assessment of these and other factors for US interests, objectives, and policy options during the 1980s.

A Real Alternative: The Final Report and Recommendations of the Community National Field Task Force on the Improvement and Reform of American Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, DC.

This report is one of six to be released by as many task forces on educational improvement and reform. The main body of this report consists of five sections: (a) an introduction, which briefly describes the work of the task force; (b) a description of the alternative of community participation in education; (c) recommendations; (d) access to…

Superconducting RF, the History, Challenges and Promise

ScienceCinema

Padamsee, Hasan

2018-01-01

After a short survey of on-going accelerator applications, I will discuss future applications prospects for this enabling technology, both near term and long term. A selection of technology highlights will serve as an introduction to outstanding issues for all types of applications, from pulsed high gradient to CW medium gradient. Finally I will touch upon the limits of niobium and the prospects of new materials. The talk will be targeted at a general audience.

Hydrogen Storage in Metal Hydrides

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-08-01

TitlePage 1. Properties of Reticulated Carbon Foam 26 2. Hydrogen Storage Capacity of Various Metal Hydrides 27 iv INTRODUCTION This is the final technical...pores, and results in coating of only the surface. The substrate for the fabrication of the magnesium foam was a reticulated carbon foam. This...material is an open-pore foam composed solely of vitreous carbon . It has an exceptionally high void volume (97%) and a high surface area, combined with self

Theoretical Methods of Domain Structures in Ultrathin Ferroelectric Films: A Review

PubMed Central

Liu, Jianyi; Chen, Weijin; Wang, Biao; Zheng, Yue

2014-01-01

This review covers methods and recent developments of the theoretical study of domain structures in ultrathin ferroelectric films. The review begins with an introduction to some basic concepts and theories (e.g., polarization and its modern theory, ferroelectric phase transition, domain formation, and finite size effects, etc.) that are relevant to the study of domain structures in ultrathin ferroelectric films. Basic techniques and recent progress of a variety of important approaches for domain structure simulation, including first-principles calculation, molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo simulation, effective Hamiltonian approach and phase field modeling, as well as multiscale simulation are then elaborated. For each approach, its important features and relative merits over other approaches for modeling domain structures in ultrathin ferroelectric films are discussed. Finally, we review recent theoretical studies on some important issues of domain structures in ultrathin ferroelectric films, with an emphasis on the effects of interfacial electrostatics, boundary conditions and external loads. PMID:28788198

Anatomy of an Elementary Chemical Reaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alexander, Andrew J.; Zare, Richard N.

1998-09-01

The alchemists of old sought the knowledge to transform one material to another-for example, base metals into gold-as a path to the elixir of life. As chemists have concerned themselves with the transformation from compound to compound, so they have become involved in trying to uncover the structures of molecules and the pathways that reactions follow. Classically, the study of reaction mechanisms in chemistry encompasses reaction kinetics, the study of velocities or rates of reactions, and reaction dynamics, the study of the nanoscopic motion and rearrangement of atoms during a reactive event. An essential aim of this article is to bring the reader to a favorable vantage point with a brief introduction to reactive dynamics, and from there to describe some examples of recent strategies that have been employed to promote a fundamental understanding of the anatomy of elementary chemical reactions. In the final section we ponder future directions for this rapidly evolving field of research.

Social survey findings on en route noise annoyance issues

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fields, James M.

1990-01-01

Most surveys of residents' reactions to aircraft noise were conducted in the vicinity of airports. The findings in those surveys have supported planning and regulatory actions for the airport noise environment. Now, however, aircraft noise planning and regulations are being considered for a new environment, the en route environment. As policy makers search for bases for public policy in these new noise environments, it is appropriate to ask whether the same scientific evidence which supports airport noise policy can also support en route noise policy. Several aspects of that question are considered. An introduction establishes the scope of the present study and examines alternative study methodologies. Next, the selected study methodology is described and important assumptions are listed. The body of the paper then consists of the findings on en route issues. The final section presents findings on relevant research methods and considers priorities for further research.

Bayesian or Laplacien inference, entropy and information theory and information geometry in data and signal processing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohammad-Djafari, Ali

2015-01-01

The main object of this tutorial article is first to review the main inference tools using Bayesian approach, Entropy, Information theory and their corresponding geometries. This review is focused mainly on the ways these tools have been used in data, signal and image processing. After a short introduction of the different quantities related to the Bayes rule, the entropy and the Maximum Entropy Principle (MEP), relative entropy and the Kullback-Leibler divergence, Fisher information, we will study their use in different fields of data and signal processing such as: entropy in source separation, Fisher information in model order selection, different Maximum Entropy based methods in time series spectral estimation and finally, general linear inverse problems.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heaney, Mike

Statistically designed experiments can save researchers time and money by reducing the number of necessary experimental trials, while resulting in more conclusive experimental results. Surprisingly, many researchers are still not aware of this efficient and effective experimental methodology. As reported in a 2013 article from Chemical & Engineering News, there has been a resurgence of this methodology in recent years (http://cen.acs.org/articles/91/i13/Design-Experiments-Makes-Comeback.html?h=2027056365). This presentation will provide a brief introduction to statistically designed experiments. The main advantages will be reviewed along with the some basic concepts such as factorial and fractional factorial designs. The recommended sequential approach to experiments will be introducedmore » and finally a case study will be presented to demonstrate this methodology.« less

Distribution and specificity of S-cone ("blue cone") signals in subcortical visual pathways.

PubMed

Martin, Paul R; Lee, Barry B

2014-03-01

We review here the distribution of S-cone signals and properties of S-cone recipient receptive fields in subcortical pathways. Nearly everything we know about S-cone signals in the subcortical visual system comes from the study of visual systems in cats and primates (monkeys); in this review, we concentrate on results from macaque and marmoset monkeys. We discuss segregation of S-cone recipient (blue-on and blue-off) receptive fields in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and describe their receptive field properties. We treat in some detail the question of detecting weak S-cone signals as an introduction for newcomers to the field. Finally, we briefly consider the question on how S-cone signals are distributed among nongeniculate targets.

U.S. Army Culture: An Introduction for Behavioral Health Researchers

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-10-01

U.S. ARMY CULTURE An Introduction for Behavioral Health Researchers Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress Department of Psychiatry Uniformed...Services University 30 U.S. ARMY CULTURE — An Introduction for Behavioral Health Researchers U.S. ARMY CULTURE An Introduction for Behavioral... Health Researchers EDITORS Eric G. Meyer, MD James E. McCarroll, PhD Robert J. Ursano, MD Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress Department of Psychiatry

Some historic and current aspects of plasma diagnostics using atomic spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hutton, Roger; Zou, Yaming; Andersson, Martin; Brage, Tomas; Martinson, Indrek

2010-07-01

In this paper we give a short introduction to the use of atomic spectroscopy in plasma diagnostics. Both older works and exciting new branches of atomic physics, which have relevance to diagnostics, are discussed. In particular we focus on forbidden lines in Be-like ions, lines sensitive to magnetic fields and levels which have a lifetime dependence on the nuclear spin of the ion, i.e. f-dependent lifetimes. Finally we mention a few examples of where tokamaks, instead of needing atomic data, actually provide new data and lead to developments in atomic structure studies. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Nicol J Peacock (1931-2008), a distinguished plasma scientist who contributed much to the field of spectroscopy applied to plasma, and in particular, fusion plasma diagnostics. During the final stages of the preparation of this paper Professor Indrek Martinson passed away peacefully in his sleep on 14 November 2009. Indrek will be greatly missed by many people, both for his contributions to atomic spectroscopy and for his great kindness and friendliness, which many of us experienced.

Paediatric x-ray radiation dose reduction and image quality analysis.

PubMed

Martin, L; Ruddlesden, R; Makepeace, C; Robinson, L; Mistry, T; Starritt, H

2013-09-01

Collaboration of multiple staff groups has resulted in significant reduction in the risk of radiation-induced cancer from radiographic x-ray exposure during childhood. In this study at an acute NHS hospital trust, a preliminary audit identified initial exposure factors. These were compared with European and UK guidance, leading to the introduction of new factors that were in compliance with European guidance on x-ray tube potentials. Image quality was assessed using standard anatomical criteria scoring, and visual grading characteristics analysis assessed the impact on image quality of changes in exposure factors. This analysis determined the acceptability of gradual radiation dose reduction below the European and UK guidance levels. Chest and pelvis exposures were optimised, achieving dose reduction for each age group, with 7%-55% decrease in critical organ dose. Clinicians confirmed diagnostic image quality throughout the iterative process. Analysis of images acquired with preliminary and final exposure factors indicated an average visual grading analysis result of 0.5, demonstrating equivalent image quality. The optimisation process and final radiation doses are reported for Carestream computed radiography to aid other hospitals in minimising radiation risks to children.

Optimization the composition of sand-lime products modified of diabase aggregate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Komisarczyk, K.; Stępień, A.

2017-10-01

The problem of optimizing the composition of building materials is currently of great importance due to the increasing competitiveness and technological development in the construction industry. This phenomenon also applies to catalog sand-lime. The respective arrangement of individual components or their equivalents, and linking them with the main parameters of the composition of the mixture, i.e. The lime/sand/water should lead to the intended purpose. The introduction of sand-lime diabase aggregate is concluded with a positive effect of final products. The paper presents the results of optimization with the addition of diabase aggregate. The constant value was the amount of water, variable - the mass of the dry ingredients. The program of experimental studies was taken for 6 series of silicates made in industrial conditions. Final samples were tested for mechanical and physico-chemical expanding the analysis of the mercury intrusion porosimetry, SEM and XRD. The results show that, depending on the aggregate’s contribution, exhibit differences. The sample in an amount of 10% diabase aggregate the compressive strength was higher than in the case of reference sample, while modified samples absorbed less water.

Transforming an Introductory Programming Course: From Lectures to Active Learning via Wireless Laptops

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barak, Miri; Harward, Judson; Kocur, George; Lerman, Steven

2007-08-01

Within the framework of MIT's course 1.00: Introduction to Computers and Engineering Problem Solving, this paper describes an innovative project entitled: Studio 1.00 that integrates lectures with in-class demonstrations, active learning sessions, and on-task feedback, through the use of wireless laptop computers. This paper also describes a related evaluation study that investigated the effectiveness of different instructional strategies, comparing traditional teaching with two models of the studio format. Students' learning outcomes, specifically, their final grades and conceptual understanding of computational methods and programming, were examined. Findings indicated that Studio-1.00, in both its extensive- and partial-active learning modes, enhanced students' learning outcomes in Java programming. Comparing to the traditional courses, more students in the studio courses received "A" as their final grade and less failed. Moreover, students who regularly attended the active learning sessions were able to conceptualize programming principles better than their peers. We have also found two weaknesses in the teaching format of Studio-1.00 that can guide future versions of the course.

Finding the Higgs boson of the standard model in the channel ZH → e +e -b$$\\bar{b}$$ with the D0 detector at the Tevatron; Recherche du boson de Higgs du nideke standard dans le canal ZH → e +e -b$$\\bar{b}$$ avec le detecteur DØ aupres du Tevatron (in French)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Calpas, Betty Constante

2010-06-11

The organization of this thesis consists of three main ideas: the first presents the theoretical framework and experimental, as well as objects used in the analysis and the second relates to the various work tasks of service that I performed on the calorimeter, and the third is the search for the Higgs boson in the channel ZH → e +e -bmore » $$\\bar{b}$$. Thus, this thesis has the following structure: Chapter 1 is an introduction to the standard model of particle physics and the Higgs mechanism; Chapter 2 is an overview of the complex and the acceleration of the Tevatron at Fermilab DØ detector; Chapter 3 is an introduction to physical objects used in this thesis; Chapter 4 presents the study made on correcting the energy measured in the calorimeter; Chapter 5 describes the study of certification of electrons in the calorimeter; Chapter 6 describes the study of certification of electrons in the intercryostat region of calorimeter; Chapter 7 Detailed analysis on the search for Higgs production in the channel ZH → e +e -b$$\\bar{b}$$; and Chapter 8 presents the final results of the calculations of upper limits to the production cross section of the Higgs boson on a range of low masses.« less

What if it is the other way around? Early introduction of peanut and fish seems to be better than avoidance.

PubMed

Wennergren, Göran

2009-07-01

For many years, the advice to prevent food allergy was to postpone the introduction of allergens like egg, fish and peanut. However, elimination of food allergens during pregnancy and infancy failed to prevent food allergy. Instead, several studies indicate that early introduction of food like fish and peanuts may be beneficial. The most compelling illustration of this has been presented for peanuts. The prevalence of peanut allergy is lower in children in Israel than in the UK, despite introduction of peanut during infancy in Israel. Other studies have reported that early introduction of fish reduced the risk of allergic sensitization and allergic diseases like eczema. Early introduction rather than avoidance may be a better strategy for the prevention of food allergy. The mechanism may be that early introduction of food allergens during infancy might induce tolerance, thereby preventing the development of allergy.

Implementation of the Single European Code in a Multi-Tissue Bank.

PubMed

Schroeter, Jan; Schulz, Tino; Schroeter, Bernard; Fleischhauer, Katrin; Pruß, Axel

2017-11-01

The traceability of tissue and cells transplants is important to ensure a high level of safety for the recipients. With the final introduction of the Single European Code (SEC) in April 2017 in the EU a consistent system among all member states became mandatory. The regulations for the SEC on EU and national level were evaluated. An overview on the different parts of the SEC with detailed explanations is given. Our own experiences with the implementation of the SEC in our multi-tissue bank are reported in addition. The implementation of the SEC in our multi-tissue bank could be successfully realized. However, it revealed a number of difficulties, especially the sterile labeling of certain tissue transplants and the complex update of the existing database. The introduction of the SEC has made a contribution to the safety of recipients of tissue and cells transplants through a system of comprehensive and transparent traceability.

Herbicide Metabolites in Surface Water and Groundwater: Introduction and Overview

USGS Publications Warehouse

Thurman, E.M.; Meyer, M.T.

1996-01-01

Several future research topics for herbicide metabolites in surface and ground water are outlined in this chapter. They are herbicide usage, chemical analysis of metabolites, and fate and transport of metabolites in surface and ground water. These three ideas follow the themes in this book, which are the summary of a symposium of the American Chemical Society on herbicide metabolites in surface and ground water. First, geographic information systems allow the spatial distribution of herbicide-use data to be combined with geochemical information on fate and transport of herbicides. Next these two types of information are useful in predicting the kinds of metabolites present and their probable distribution in surface and ground water. Finally, methods development efforts may be focused on these specific target analytes. This chapter discusses these three concepts and provides an introduction to this book on the analysis, chemistry, and fate and transport of herbicide metabolites in surface and ground water.

The hospital: battleground or meeting place? Ethical considerations regarding a fair distribution of new medical technologies.

PubMed

van der Kloot Meijburg, H H

1995-12-01

Here, the notion of distributive justice is explored in relation to the introduction and the application of new medical technologies within the clinical setting. The point of departure is that, in the decision making process on what is necessary and fair in patient care, participants will mobilize different ethical models to justify their outlooks and interests. The history of the introduction of Taxol (paclitaxel) is used as an illustration. In the hospital, it is important to make a clear distinction between the moral obligations of the physician and those of the chief executive officer (medical director). Finally, a model is proposed that could help to develop a better moral understanding on the meso-level about what is necessary and fair in distributing the results of medical innovations, without turning the clinic into a battleground of moral interests.

Positron Emission Tomography: state of the art and future developments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pizzichemi, M.

2016-08-01

Positron emission tomography (PET) plays a fundamental role in medical imaging, with a wide range of applications covering, among the others, oncology, neurology and cardiology. PET has undergone a steady technological evolution since its introduction in mid 20th century, from the development of 3D PET in the late 1980s, to the invention of PET/CT in the 1990s and more recently with the introduction of PET/MR scanners. The current research topics aiming to develop the next generation of PET scanners are summarized in this paper, focusing on the efforts to increase the sensitivity of the detectors, as long as improving their timing, spatial and energy resolutions, with the final goal of reducing the amount of radioactive dose received by the patients and the duration of the exams while improving at the same time the detectability of lesions.

[Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) with Transcanalicular Endoillumination (TCE) of the Saccus Lacrimalis].

PubMed

Hefner, J; Klask, J; Gerding, H

2016-04-01

Endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) has been established as a standard procedure of lacrimal surgery, since it causes much less tissue damage than ab externo procedures. Diffiulties in visualization of the target area has been a limitation to the transnasal approach. An improvement of the classical endonasal DCR was achieved by the introduction of a transcanalicular endoillumination (TCE) of the lacrimal sac using a 23-Gauge vitreoretinal light probe, which can easily be intubated into the cannaliculi and advanced into the the lacrimal sac. Illumination of the lacrimal sac guides the endonasal approach and facilitates the creation of a lacrimal bypass. In our standard procedure a bicanalicular silicone intubation through the osteotomy is finally placed. Due to the introduction of TCE of the lacrimal sac, the surgical procedure of endonasal DCR became less traumatic and needed a significantly reduced operating time. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

An introduction to tensor calculus, relativity and cosmology /3rd edition/

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lawden, D. F.

This textbook introduction to the principles of special relativity proceeds within the context of cartesian tensors. Newton's laws of motion are reviewed, as are the Lorentz transformations, Minkowski space-time, and the Fitzgerald contraction. Orthogonal transformations are described, and invariants, gradients, tensor derivatives, contraction, scalar products, divergence, pseudotensors, vector products, and curl are defined. Special relativity mechanics are explored in terms of mass, momentum, the force vector, the Lorentz transformation equations for force, calculations for photons and neutrinos, the development of the Lagrange and Hamilton equations, and the energy-momentum tensor. Electrodynamics is investigated, together with general tensor calculus and Riemmanian space. The General Theory of Relativity is presented, along with applications to astrophysical phenomena such as black holes and gravitational waves. Finally, analytical discussions of cosmological problems are reviewed, particularly Einstein, de Sitter, and Friedmann universes, redshifts, event horizons, and the redshift.

Opioid-use disorder among patients on long-term opioid therapy: impact of final DSM-5 diagnostic criteria on prevalence and correlates.

PubMed

Boscarino, Joseph A; Hoffman, Stuart N; Han, John J

2015-01-01

Previously, we estimated the prevalence and risk factors for prescription opioid-use disorder among outpatients on opioid therapy using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5 and DSM-4 criteria. However, at the time, the DSM-5 criteria were not finalized. In the current study, we analyzed these data using the final DSM-5 criteria and compared these results. Using electronic records from a large US health care system, we identified outpatients receiving five or more prescription orders for opioid therapy in the past 12 months for noncancer pain (mean prescription orders =10.72; standard deviation =4.96). In 2008, we completed diagnostic interviews with 705 of these patients using the DSM-4 criteria. In the current study, we reassessed these results using the final DSM-5 criteria. The lifetime prevalence of DSM-5 opioid-use disorders using the final DSM-5 criteria was 58.7% for no or few symptoms (<2), 28.1% for mild symptoms (2-3), 9.7% for moderate symptoms (4-5), and 3.5% for severe symptoms (six or more). Thus, the lifetime prevalence of "any" prescription opioid-use disorder in this cohort was 41.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] =37.6-45.0). A comparison to the DSM-4 criteria indicated that the majority of patients with lifetime DSM-4 opioid dependence were now classified as having mild opioid-use disorder, based on the DSM-5 criteria (53.6%; 95% CI =44.1-62.8). In ordinal logistic regression predicting no/few, mild, moderate, and severe opioid-use disorder, the best predictors were age <65 years, current pain impairment, trouble sleeping, suicidal thoughts, anxiety disorders, illicit drug use, and history of substance abuse treatment. Given the final DSM-5 criteria, including the elimination of tolerance and withdrawal, inclusion of craving and abuse symptoms, and introduction of a new graded severity classification, the prevalence of opioid-use disorders has changed, while many of the DSM-4 risk factors for opioid dependence were similar. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to compare the final results for DSM-5 versus DSM-4 prescription opioid-use disorders among a high-risk patient population.

Opioid-use disorder among patients on long-term opioid therapy: impact of final DSM-5 diagnostic criteria on prevalence and correlates

PubMed Central

Boscarino, Joseph A; Hoffman, Stuart N; Han, John J

2015-01-01

Aims Previously, we estimated the prevalence and risk factors for prescription opioid-use disorder among outpatients on opioid therapy using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5 and DSM-4 criteria. However, at the time, the DSM-5 criteria were not finalized. In the current study, we analyzed these data using the final DSM-5 criteria and compared these results. Methods Using electronic records from a large US health care system, we identified outpatients receiving five or more prescription orders for opioid therapy in the past 12 months for noncancer pain (mean prescription orders =10.72; standard deviation =4.96). In 2008, we completed diagnostic interviews with 705 of these patients using the DSM-4 criteria. In the current study, we reassessed these results using the final DSM-5 criteria. Results The lifetime prevalence of DSM-5 opioid-use disorders using the final DSM-5 criteria was 58.7% for no or few symptoms (<2), 28.1% for mild symptoms (2–3), 9.7% for moderate symptoms (4–5), and 3.5% for severe symptoms (six or more). Thus, the lifetime prevalence of “any” prescription opioid-use disorder in this cohort was 41.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] =37.6–45.0). A comparison to the DSM-4 criteria indicated that the majority of patients with lifetime DSM-4 opioid dependence were now classified as having mild opioid-use disorder, based on the DSM-5 criteria (53.6%; 95% CI =44.1–62.8). In ordinal logistic regression predicting no/few, mild, moderate, and severe opioid-use disorder, the best predictors were age <65 years, current pain impairment, trouble sleeping, suicidal thoughts, anxiety disorders, illicit drug use, and history of substance abuse treatment. Conclusion Given the final DSM-5 criteria, including the elimination of tolerance and withdrawal, inclusion of craving and abuse symptoms, and introduction of a new graded severity classification, the prevalence of opioid-use disorders has changed, while many of the DSM-4 risk factors for opioid dependence were similar. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to compare the final results for DSM-5 versus DSM-4 prescription opioid-use disorders among a high-risk patient population. PMID:26316838

Assessing the outcome of Strengthening Laboratory Management Towards Accreditation (SLMTA) on laboratory quality management system in city government of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

PubMed Central

Sisay, Abay; Mindaye, Tedla; Tesfaye, Abrham; Abera, Eyob; Desale, Adino

2015-01-01

Introduction Strengthening Laboratory Management Toward Accreditation (SLMTA) is a competency-based management training programme designed to bring about immediate and measurable laboratory improvement. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of SLMTA on laboratory quality management system in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods The study used an Institutional based cross sectional study design that employed a secondary and primary data collection approach on the participated institution of medical laboratory in SLMTA. The study was conducted in Addis Ababa city government and the data was collected from February ‘April 2014 and data was entered in to EPI-data version 3.1 and was analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results The assessment finding indicate that there was a significant improvement in average scores (141.4; range of 65-196, 95%CI =86.275-115.5, p = 0.000) at final with 3 laboratories become 3 star, 6 laboratories were at 2 star, 11 were 1 star. Laboratory facilities respondents which thought getting adequate and timely manner mentorship were found 2.5 times more likely to get good success in the final score(AOR= 2.501, 95% CI= 1.109-4.602) than which did not get it. Conclusion At the end of SLMTA implementation,3 laboratories score 3 star, 6 laboratories were at 2 star, 11 were at 1 star. The most important contributing factor for not scoring star in the final outcome of SLMTA were not conducting their customer satisfaction survey, poor staff motivation, and lack of regular equipment service maintenance. Mentorship, onsite and offsite coaching and training activities had shown a great improvement on laboratory quality management system in most laboratories. PMID:26175805

III-Nitride Based Optoelectronics

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

carrier gas67 is known to affect the atomic composition of etched ZnO surface. In our research, we have used x- ray microanalysis to gather...Project (0704-0188.) Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY ( Leave Blank) 2. REPORT DATE 03/2010 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Final...Introduction 2 2.2 Experiment 3 2.2.1 Growth and Material Characterization 3 2.2.2 Preparation of high quality LEO GaN 3 2.2.3 Blue and green active

Final Record of Decision/Remedial Action Plan, Nine Sites, Sierra Army Depot, Lassen County, California.

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-10-01

Associates 1-3 0619100396 RD2 Introduction Honey Lake Valley appears to be isolated because no sin-face water flows from the valley. The United...infiltration of precipitation in upland areas and infiltration of stream flow in alluvial fan areas (Handman et al., 1990). Discharge from the...is slightly higher in elevation than the northern portion of the installation. Figure 1.5 indicates that groundwater flow is generally to the north

Strategic Success Of SRI Lankan Government Against LTTE Remains Tentative Despite Military Success

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-13

conditions which allowed for a successful military campaign to defeat the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). During the final phase of the war, the...reasonably appease the Tamil population. 1 Introduction In 1948, Ceylon, an island country southeast of India, achieved independence from the...variety of groups claiming to represent the minority Tamil people in Sri Lanka argued for a separate Tamil state in northern and eastern Sri Lanka. The

Development of Literacy Follow-Up Materials for Women and Other Disadvantaged Population. Final Report of the Regional Workshop on the Preparation of Literacy Follow-Up Materials in Asia and the Pacific (9th, Islamabad, Pakistan, November 2-13, 1991).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ministry of Education, Islamabad (Pakistan).

This report contains materials from a workshop to provide training in audiovisual materials development for women and other disadvantaged populations, such as slum dwellers, minorities, and migrants. The proceedings section contains an introduction, objective, and summaries of opening, workshop, and other presentations. Chapter 1 provides details…

Development of Nanothermite Projectile for Improvised Explosive Device (IED) and Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Device (VBIED) Neutralization. National Institute of Justice Final Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

projectiles containing small amounts of a reactive material. The mechanism is that limited deflagration of the ANFO creates sufficient pressure to...resulting pressurization of the container causes the container to rupture, thus producing a render-safe solution. Several free-field shots demonstrated...the ANFO creates sufficient pressure to rupture plastic or steel containers. 1 Introduction Vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices (VBIEDs) have

From the Law of Large Numbers to Large Deviation Theory in Statistical Physics: An Introduction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cecconi, Fabio; Cencini, Massimo; Puglisi, Andrea; Vergni, Davide; Vulpiani, Angelo

This contribution aims at introducing the topics of this book. We start with a brief historical excursion on the developments from the law of large numbers to the central limit theorem and large deviations theory. The same topics are then presented using the language of probability theory. Finally, some applications of large deviations theory in physics are briefly discussed through examples taken from statistical mechanics, dynamical and disordered systems.

Migration of the ATLAS Metadata Interface (AMI) to Web 2.0 and cloud

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Odier, J.; Albrand, S.; Fulachier, J.; Lambert, F.

2015-12-01

The ATLAS Metadata Interface (AMI), a mature application of more than 10 years of existence, is currently under adaptation to some recently available technologies. The web interfaces, which previously manipulated XML documents using XSL transformations, are being migrated to Asynchronous JavaScript (AJAX). Web development is considerably simplified by the introduction of a framework based on JQuery and Twitter Bootstrap. Finally, the AMI services are being migrated to an OpenStack cloud infrastructure.

Ionic Self-Assembled Monolayer (ISAM) Nonlinear Optical Thin Films and Devices

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-05-12

SUBTITLE " Ionic Self-Assembled Monolayer (ISAM) Nonlinear Optical Thin Films and Devices" 6. AUTHORS Michael B. Miller 5. FUNDING NUMBERS F49620-97...ii. Lü. Ionic Self-Assembled Monolayer (ISAM) Nonlinear Optical Thin Films and Devices Final Technical Report Performance Period: 15 August 1997...Investigator F&S. Inc.N ̂ 1. INTRODUCTION .’ 2 2. PROGRAM TASK REVIEW 2 3. BACKGROUND 4 3.1 NONLINEAR OPTICAL THIN FILMS 4 3.2 IONIC SELF

Evaluation and Analysis of the Cleff Job Matching System. Final Report. Volume 1: Introduction and Summary. Volume 2: Technical Dissertation and Appendices.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nathanson, Stanley N.

This report presents the results of an evaluation of the Cleff Job Matching System (CJMS). The CJMS provides a means by which jobs and job applicants can be matched at the semi- and low-skilled levels in both white- and blue-collar jobs. The CJMS operates by obtaining numerical profiles of both job seekers and jobs, across 16 Dimensions of Work,…

X-51A Scramjet Demonstrator Program: Waverider Ground and Flight Test

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-11-01

identification NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scramjet supersonic ramjet (scramjet) TM telemetry 3 INTRODUCTION The fourth and final...aerodynamic parameter identification (PID) maneuvers were to be performed at Mach numbers 5, 4, 3, and 2. After almost 5 minutes of descent, the X-51A...resolve the issue and lineup for a second attempt. The F-15 successfully took off without major impact to the mission timing. As noted earlier, with the

Surmounting elusive barriers: the case for bioethics mediation.

PubMed

Bergman, Edward J

2013-01-01

This article describes, analyzes, and advocates for management of clinical healthcare conflict by a process commonly referred to as bioethics mediation. Section I provides a brief introduction to classical mediation outside the realm of clinical healthcare. Section II highlights certain distinguishing characteristics of bioethics mediation. Section III chronicles the history of bioethics mediation and references a number of seminal writings on the subject. Finally, Section IV analyzes barriers that have, thus far, limited the widespread implementation of bioethics mediation.

Trainer Engineering Report (Final) for MILES. Volume 2. Revision

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-04-22

formerly a separate document, Data Item AOOX. iii/iv 1A , SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (Uhen Deaa Enterecd) ... __ . ....... REPORT DOCUMENTATION...NAVTRAEQUIPCEN, Orlando, FL 32813 3 14. MON’TORING AGENCY NAME & ADDRESS(II dilletent from CoftrollIn OGlue*) IS. SECURITY CLASS. (of thie twoot...OBSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED S/N 0102蓞-6601 I SECURITY CL.ASSIFICATION OF THIS iPAGE fUlses Data EaieteE i • CONTENTS .I * INTRODUCTION 1-1 1.1 1980 MILES 1-1

Final Report of the AMC Committee-Armament. Armament Development Center Concept Plan. Volume 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-12-01

Considerations 111-22 Section C Operational Considerations 111-26 Section D Community Economic Impact 111-35 Statements Section E Delphi Benefit Analysis 111-37...Cost Analysis 111-3 B Personnel Considerations III-22 C Operational Considerations 111-26 D Community Economic Impact Statements 111-35 E Delphi ...sidered to be minimal. 111-36 S SECTION E. Delphi Benefit Analysis 1. Introduction. The assessment and comparison of the relative benefits of the various

Lectures on Kähler Geometry - Series: London Mathematical Society Student Texts (No. 69)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moroianu, Andrei

2004-03-01

Kähler geometry is a beautiful and intriguing area of mathematics, of substantial research interest to both mathematicians and physicists. This self-contained graduate text provides a concise and accessible introduction to the topic. The book begins with a review of basic differential geometry, before moving on to a description of complex manifolds and holomorphic vector bundles. Kähler manifolds are discussed from the point of view of Riemannian geometry, and Hodge and Dolbeault theories are outlined, together with a simple proof of the famous Kähler identities. The final part of the text studies several aspects of compact Kähler manifolds: the Calabi conjecture, Weitzenböck techniques, Calabi Yau manifolds, and divisors. All sections of the book end with a series of exercises and students and researchers working in the fields of algebraic and differential geometry and theoretical physics will find that the book provides them with a sound understanding of this theory. The first graduate-level text on Kähler geometry, providing a concise introduction for both mathematicians and physicists with a basic knowledge of calculus in several variables and linear algebra Over 130 exercises and worked examples Self-contained and presents varying viewpoints including Riemannian, complex and algebraic

A Move-Analytic Contrastive Study on the Introductions of American and Philippine Master's Theses in Architecture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lintao, Rachelle B.; Erfe, Jonathan P.

2012-01-01

This study purports to foster the understanding of profession-based academic writing in two different cultural conventions by examining the rhetorical moves employed by American and Philippine thesis introductions in Architecture using Swales' 2004 Revised CARS move-analytic model as framework. Twenty (20) Master's thesis introductions in…

Could Audio-Described Films Benefit from Audio Introductions? An Audience Response Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Romero-Fresco, Pablo; Fryer, Louise

2013-01-01

Introduction: Time constraints limit the quantity and type of information conveyed in audio description (AD) for films, in particular the cinematic aspects. Inspired by introductory notes for theatre AD, this study developed audio introductions (AIs) for "Slumdog Millionaire" and "Man on Wire." Each AI comprised 10 minutes of…

Failure of introduction of food allergens after negative oral food challenge tests in children.

PubMed

van der Valk, J P M; Gerth van Wijk, R; Vergouwe, Y; de Jong, N W

2015-08-01

One of the purposes to perform an oral food challenge (FC) test is to avoid unnecessary elimination of food allergens. In case of a negative FC test result, the food can be introduced. It is, however, unknown if patients act according to the outcome of the test. This study evaluates the rate of introduction of peanut, hazelnut, cow's milk or hen's egg allergens after a negative FC test. We investigated the introduction rate of children (0-18 years) with a negative FC test visiting the Department of Allergology, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam from 2008 till 2013 and the factors that influence the rate of introduction. Patients were asked to complete a comprehensive questionnaire about their FC test. In total, 157 (38% girls, mean age during challenge 6.9 years) participated in the study. Of these FC tests, 104 (56%) were followed by a successful introduction, 30 (16%) by a partly introduction (traces or processed foods) and 52 (28%) by a failed introduction. Peanut and hazelnut showed a statistically significant lower successful introduction rate. Age, gender, symptoms during FC test, dietary advice and time period to introduction significantly influenced the rate of introduction. One fourth of the children with failure of introducing foods experienced symptoms during the introduction. More than one quarter of all children with a negative FC test result did not introduce the food. The FC test in its current form does not achieve its objective for this group of children.

The Impact of a Health IT Changeover on Medical Imaging Department Work Processes and Turnaround Times

PubMed Central

Georgiou, A.; Lymer, S.; Hordern, A.; Ridley, L.; Westbrook, J.

2015-01-01

Summary Objectives To assess the impact of introducing a new Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) and Radiology Information System (RIS) on: (i) Medical Imaging work processes; and (ii) turnaround times (TATs) for x-ray and CT scan orders initiated in the Emergency Department (ED). Methods We employed a mixed method study design comprising: (i) semi-structured interviews with Medical Imaging Department staff; and (ii) retrospectively extracted ED data before (March/April 2010) and after (March/April 2011 and 2012) the introduction of a new PACS/RIS. TATs were calculated as: processing TAT (median time from image ordering to examination) and reporting TAT (median time from examination to final report). Results Reporting TAT for x-rays decreased significantly after introduction of the new PACS/RIS; from a median of 76 hours to 38 hours per order (p<.0001) for patients discharged from the ED, and from 84 hours to 35 hours (p<.0001) for patients admitted to hospital. Medical Imaging staff reported that the changeover to the new PACS/RIS led to gains in efficiency, particularly regarding the accessibility of images and patient-related information. Nevertheless, assimilation of the new PACS/RIS with existing Departmental work processes was considered inadequate and in some instances unsafe. Issues highlighted related to the synchronization of work tasks (e.g., porter arrangements) and the material set up of the work place (e.g., the number and location of computers). Conclusions The introduction of new health IT can be a “double-edged sword” providing improved efficiency but at the same time introducing potential hazards affecting the effectiveness of the Medical Imaging Department. PMID:26448790

Comparison of a high temperature torch integrated sample introduction system with a desolvation system for the analysis of microsamples through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sánchez, Raquel; Cañabate, Águeda; Bresson, Carole; Chartier, Frédéric; Isnard, Hélène; Maestre, Salvador; Nonell, Anthony; Todolí, José-Luis

2017-03-01

This work describes for the first time the comparison of the analytical performances obtained with a high temperature torch integrated sample introduction system (hTISIS) against those found with a commercially available desolvation system (APEX) associated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A double pass spray chamber was taken as the reference system. Similar detection limits and sensitivities were obtained in continuous injection mode at low liquid flow rates for the APEX and hTISIS operating at high temperatures. In contrast, in the air-segmented injection mode, the detection limits obtained with hTISIS at high temperatures were up to 12 times lower than those found for the APEX. Regarding memory effects, wash out times were shorter in continuous mode and peaks were narrower in air segmented mode for the hTISIS as compared to the APEX. Non spectral interferences (matrix effects) were studied with 10% nitric acid, 2% methanol, for an ICP multielemental solution and a hydro-organic matrix containing 70% (v/v) acetonitrile in water, 15 mmol L- 1 ammonium acetate and 0.5% formic acid containing lanthanide complexes. In all the cases, matrix effects were less severe for the hTISIS operating at 200 °C and the APEX than for the double pass spray chamber. Finally, two spiked reference materials (sea water and Antartic krill) were analyzed. The hTISIS operating at 200 °C gave the best results compared to those obtained with the APEX and the double pass spray chamber. In conclusion, despite the simplicity of the hTISIS, it provided, at low liquid flow rates, results similar to or better than those obtained with the by other sample introduction systems.

Interacting Effects of Newcastle Disease Transmission and Illegal Trade on a Wild Population of White-Winged Parakeets in Peru: A Modeling Approach

PubMed Central

Daut, Elizabeth F.; Lahodny, Glenn; Peterson, Markus J.; Ivanek, Renata

2016-01-01

Illegal wildlife-pet trade can threaten wildlife populations directly from overharvest, but also indirectly as a pathway for introduction of infectious diseases. This study evaluated consequences of a hypothetical introduction of Newcastle disease (ND) into a wild population of Peru’s most trafficked psittacine, the white-winged parakeet (Brotogeris versicolurus), through release of infected confiscated individuals. We developed two mathematical models that describe ND transmission and the influence of illegal harvest in a homogeneous (model 1) and age-structured population of parakeets (model 2). Infection transmission dynamics and harvest were consistent for all individuals in model 1, which rendered it mathematically more tractable compared to the more complex, age-structured model 2 that separated the host population into juveniles and adults. We evaluated the interaction of ND transmission and harvest through changes in the basic reproduction number (R0) and short-term host population dynamics. Our findings demonstrated that ND introduction would likely provoke considerable disease-related mortality, up to 24% population decline in two years, but high harvest rates would dampen the magnitude of the outbreak. Model 2 produced moderate differences in disease dynamics compared to model 1 (R0 = 3.63 and 2.66, respectively), but highlighted the importance of adult disease dynamics in diminishing the epidemic potential. Therefore, we suggest that future studies should use a more realistic, age-structured model. Finally, for the presumptive risk that illegal trade of white-winged parakeets could introduce ND into wild populations, our results suggest that while high harvest rates may have a protective effect on the population by reducing virus transmission, the combined effects of high harvest and disease-induced mortality may threaten population survival. These results capture the complexity and consequences of the interaction between ND transmission and harvest in a wild parrot population and highlight the importance of preventing illegal trade. PMID:26816214

Are both early egg introduction and eczema treatment necessary for primary prevention of egg allergy?

PubMed

Matsumoto, Kenji; Mori, Rintaro; Miyazaki, Celine; Ohya, Yukihiro; Saito, Hirohisa

2018-06-01

The Learning Early About Peanut Allergy (LEAP) study proved that early introduction of peanut significantly prevented the development of peanut allergy. However, in regard to similar attempts to prevent egg allergy through early egg introduction, the Prevention of Egg Allergy in High-risk Infants with Eczema (PETIT) study is the only randomized intervention trial to show a statistically significant effect. Meta-analysis of those studies indicated that neither the total amount nor pretreatment of egg showed any effect on egg allergy at the age of 12 months. However, raw egg powder resulted in a significantly higher prevalence of allergic reactions at initial introduction, whereas use of boiled egg was much safer. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis/eczema at introduction of egg correlated significantly with the subsequent prevalence of allergic reactions at initial introduction. In addition, the prevalence of egg allergy in the late introduction group correlated significantly with the prevalence of atopic dermatitis at introduction, even when the atopic dermatitis was proactively treated with a topical corticosteroid ointment. It is definitely true that the number of trials and number of participants in each trial are insufficient for drawing firm conclusions, especially regarding the optimal dose, raw versus boiled, when to start, and for whom to intervene. Therefore we propose various studies that should be performed to generate stronger data and conclusions. However, on the basis of the most recent results, we postulate that simultaneous intervention by both early boiled egg introduction and eczema treatment is probably indispensable for primary prevention of egg allergy. Copyright © 2018 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Introduction of new technology in vascular surgery.

PubMed

Bergqvist, D

2008-01-01

In this review paper introduction of new technologies in vascular surgery is discussed. The difficulties compared to introduction of pharmacological treatment are analyzed. Pros and cons with randomized controlled trials and observational studies are listed.

Beyond new vaccine introduction: the uptake of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the African Region.

PubMed

Olayinka, Folake; Ewald, Leah; Steinglass, Robert

2017-01-01

The number of vaccines available to low-income countries has increased dramatically over the last decade. Overall infant immunization coverage in the WHO African region has stagnated in the past few years while countries' ability to maintain high immunization coverage rates following introduction of new vaccines has been uneven. This case study examines post-introduction coverage among African countries that introduced PCV between 2008 and 2013 and the factors affecting Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) introduction. Nearly one-third of countries did not achieve 80% infant PCV3 coverage by two years post-introduction and 58% of countries experienced a decline in coverage between post introduction years two and four. Major factors affecting coverage rates included introduction without adequate preparation, insufficient supply chain capacity and management, poor communication between organizations and with the public, and data collection systems that were insufficient to meet information needs. Deliberately addressing these issues as well as longstanding weaknesses during new vaccine introduction can strengthen the immunization and broader health system. Further study is required to identify and address factors that affect maintenance of high coverage following introduction of new vaccines in the African region. Immunization with PCV is one of the most important interventions protecting against pneumonia, the second leading cause of death for children under five globally.

A student-led course in clinical reasoning in the core curriculum

PubMed Central

Zijdenbos, Ingeborg L.; de Haan, Margriet C.; Valk, Gerlof D.

2010-01-01

Objectives There is growing evidence for the value of several forms of peer teaching in medical education. Little is known about the feasibility of such an approach in courses of clinical reasoning. The University Medical Center Utrecht offers a clinical reasoning course for first and second year students which previously had been occasionally led by sixth year, i.e. near-peer students. We evaluated a version of this course, fully delivered by final year students. Methods In 2008-2009 this highly structured mandatory clinical reasoning course for second year medical students was fully tutored by final year medical students, as part of a teacher training course in their core curriculum. Routine evaluations before and after introducing near-peers as tutors were compared, a focused questionnaire survey was conducted, as well as an interview with a group of students to evaluate the new format. Results There was no difference in the ratings of the course before and after the introduction of the new format. In general, second year students are satisfied with the near-peer teachers. Strong points mentioned are their high motivation, involvement, enthusiasm, adjustment of cognitive level of teaching to the recipient students and stimulating skills. Conclusions Although our study cannot provide evidence for differential learning effects, the evaluation of our final year student led clinical reasoning course shows encouraging results.

Rhetorical Organisation of the Subsections of Research Article Introductions in Applied Linguistics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Öztürk, Ismet

2018-01-01

Since the publication of the book Genre Analysis (CUP) by Swales (1990), many studies have focused on the study of the rhetorical organisation of different sections of research articles (RAs). The organisation of RA introductions has received most of the attention. However, the focus has generally been on the structure of introductions without…

Perioperative Care and the Importance of Continuous Quality Improvement—A Controlled Intervention Study in Three Tanzanian Hospitals

PubMed Central

Mtatifikolo, Ferdinand; Ngoli, Baltazar; Neuner, Bruno; Wernecke, Klaus–Dieter; Spies, Claudia

2015-01-01

Introduction Surgical services are increasingly seen to reduce death and disability in Sub-Saharan Africa, where hospital-based mortality remains alarmingly high. This study explores two implementation approaches to improve the quality of perioperative care in a Tanzanian hospital. Effects were compared to a control group of two other hospitals in the region without intervention. Methods All hospitals conducted quality assessments with a Hospital Performance Assessment Tool. Changes in immediate outcome indicators after one and two years were compared to final outcome indicators such as Anaesthetic Complication Rate and Surgical Case Fatality Rate. Results Immediate outcome indicators for Preoperative Care in the intervention hospital improved (52.5% in 2009; 84.2% in 2011, p<0.001). Postoperative Inpatient Care initially improved to then decline again (63.3% in 2009; 70% in 2010; 58.6% in 2011). In the control group, preoperative care declined from 50.8% (2009) to 32.8% (2011, p <0.001), while postoperative care did not significantly change. Anaesthetic Complication Rate in the intervention hospital declined (1.89% before intervention; 0.96% after intervention, p = 0.006). Surgical Case Fatality Rate in the intervention hospital declined from 5.67% before intervention to 2.93% after intervention (p<0.0010). Surgical Case Fatality Rate in the control group was 4% before intervention and 3.8% after intervention (p = 0.411). Anaesthetic Complication Rate in the control group was not available. Discussion Immediate outcome indicators initially improved, while at the same time final outcome declined (Surgical Case Fatality, Anaesthetic Complication Rate). Compared to the control group, final outcome improved more in the intervention hospital, although the effect was not significant over the whole study period. Documentation of final outcome indicators seemed inconsistent. Immediate outcome indicators seem more helpful to steer the Continuous Quality Improvement program. Conclusion Specific interventions as part of Continuous Quality Improvement might lead to sustainable improvement of the quality of care, if embedded in a multi-faceted approach. PMID:26327392

Positive Technologies for Understanding and Promoting Positive Emotions.

PubMed

Baños, Rosa María; Carrillo, Alba; Etchemendy, Ernestina; Botella, Cristina

2017-10-26

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become increasingly present in our lives, and their use has spread considerably. This paper presents a review of the way ICTs can help practitioners and researchers to study, promote, and train positive emotions. It is framed within the field of Positive Technologies: the applied scientific approach to the study of the use of technology to improve the quality of personal experience, with the goal of increasing wellbeing. First, the article presents an introduction to the topic of technologies and positive emotions. Then, it describes how ICTs can aid in monitoring, assessing, promoting, modifying, and training positive emotions. Finally, implications and future directions of the role of Positive Technologies in positive emotions are discussed. The authors conclude that, in the near future, Positive Technologies and the field of positive emotions will interact synergistically, producing an exponential growth in the understanding and promotion of positive emotions.

What are science teacher's ideas about the universe?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Novotný, Jan; Svobodová, Jindřiška

2017-01-01

The new cosmological discoveries over the past two decades have a great impact on physics. We have prepared a new university course The Introduction to Cosmology available for students without deeper math background. The results of research study and the cosmology lecturers' experiences in two years are presented. We have prepared a questionnaire and the case study to find out how students think about the Universe, how they can accept cosmology theoretical ideas. Then we use it for design follow-up activities that help students to improve their understanding. We have observed the students' views on the presented science concept and on the nature of scientific knowledge. We have prepared a questionnaire to find out how students can accept theoretical ideas. This survey was designed especially for future and contemporary science teachers. Then we use the obtained results for design follow-up activities that help students to improve their understanding. Finally the most frequented cosmology misconceptions are discussed.

Chemistry Teachers' Journey through Modeling Instruction: From Workshop to Classroom

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frick, Tasha

This presentation will feature case study research that describes the difficulties that four high school chemistry teachers faced while implementing Modeling Instruction into their classrooms. Modeling Instruction is characterized by the development of understanding through cooperative inquiry and collective discourse on a path from concrete to abstract. The complications in transforming a classroom from traditional teacher centered methods to one which focuses on the use of student-centered Modeling Instruction will be thoroughly investigated through the stories of each of the participants. The study begins with observations of the teachers prior to the introduction of Modeling Instruction and follows them into the professional development in the summer, the initial use in the fall term, a follow-up workshop, and finally back into the classrooms. The enlightening findings highlight the difficulties teachers had in aligning the standards, and developing a scope and sequence, as well as reconciling their beliefs about student ability.

Raman Imaging in Cell Membranes, Lipid-Rich Organelles, and Lipid Bilayers.

PubMed

Syed, Aleem; Smith, Emily A

2017-06-12

Raman-based optical imaging is a promising analytical tool for noninvasive, label-free chemical imaging of lipid bilayers and cellular membranes. Imaging using spontaneous Raman scattering suffers from a low intensity that hinders its use in some cellular applications. However, developments in coherent Raman imaging, surface-enhanced Raman imaging, and tip-enhanced Raman imaging have enabled video-rate imaging, excellent detection limits, and nanometer spatial resolution, respectively. After a brief introduction to these commonly used Raman imaging techniques for cell membrane studies, this review discusses selected applications of these modalities for chemical imaging of membrane proteins and lipids. Finally, recent developments in chemical tags for Raman imaging and their applications in the analysis of selected cell membrane components are summarized. Ongoing developments toward improving the temporal and spatial resolution of Raman imaging and small-molecule tags with strong Raman scattering cross sections continue to expand the utility of Raman imaging for diverse cell membrane studies.

A practical guide to value of information analysis.

PubMed

Wilson, Edward C F

2015-02-01

Value of information analysis is a quantitative method to estimate the return on investment in proposed research projects. It can be used in a number of ways. Funders of research may find it useful to rank projects in terms of the expected return on investment from a variety of competing projects. Alternatively, trialists can use the principles to identify the efficient sample size of a proposed study as an alternative to traditional power calculations, and finally, a value of information analysis can be conducted alongside an economic evaluation as a quantitative adjunct to the 'future research' or 'next steps' section of a study write up. The purpose of this paper is to present a brief introduction to the methods, a step-by-step guide to calculation and a discussion of issues that arise in their application to healthcare decision making. Worked examples are provided in the accompanying online appendices as Microsoft Excel spreadsheets.

[Multifactor Organizational Stress Risk Questionnaire--MOSRQ: a preliminary study of dimensions and structure].

PubMed

Zuffo, Riccardo Giorgio; Ferretti, Maria Santa

2012-01-01

INTRODUCTION. The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the validity of the MOSRQ, a questionnaire for the assessment of work related stress risk. This questionnaire has 38 items: 19 related to organizational stressors and 19 to strains. Firstly, it was performed a critical analysis of instruments reported in scientific literature; then relevant items about sources and consequences of work related stress were selected in order to obtain the questionnaire. Finally MOSRQ was administered to a sample of 2314 subjects mainly employed in private firms belonging to industry and service sectors. MOSRQ obtains a good index of reliability (alpha = .89 for organizational stressor/antecedents and alpha = .92 for strain/outcome). Factor analysis presents a structure with 3 factors both for the antecedents and for the outcomes of work related stress. In conclusion, it is claimed that MOSRQ has the necessary psychometric characteristics for use in research as well as in organizational contexts.

Introduction to “Global tsunami science: Past and future, Volume II”

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rabinovich, Alexander B.; Fritz, Hermann M.; Tanioka, Yuichiro; Geist, Eric L.

2017-01-01

Twenty-two papers on the study of tsunamis are included in Volume II of the PAGEOPH topical issue “Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future”. Volume I of this topical issue was published as PAGEOPH, vol. 173, No. 12, 2016 (Eds., E. L. Geist, H. M. Fritz, A. B. Rabinovich, and Y. Tanioka). Three papers in Volume II focus on details of the 2011 and 2016 tsunami-generating earthquakes offshore of Tohoku, Japan. The next six papers describe important case studies and observations of recent and historical events. Four papers related to tsunami hazard assessment are followed by three papers on tsunami hydrodynamics and numerical modelling. Three papers discuss problems of tsunami warning and real-time forecasting. The final set of three papers importantly investigates tsunamis generated by non-seismic sources: volcanic explosions, landslides, and meteorological disturbances. Collectively, this volume highlights contemporary trends in global tsunami research, both fundamental and applied toward hazard assessment and mitigation.

Biotinylated platinum(IV) complexes designed to target cancer cells.

PubMed

Zhao, Jian; Hua, Wuyang; Xu, Gang; Gou, Shaohua

2017-11-01

Three biotinylated platinum(IV) complexes (1-3) were designed and synthesized. The resulting platinum(IV) complexes exhibited effective cytotoxicity against the tested cancer cell lines, especially complex 1, which was 2.0-9.6-fold more potent than cisplatin. These complexes were found to be rapidly reduced to their activated platinum(II) counterparts by glutathione or ascorbic acid under biologically relevant condition. Additional molecular docking studies revealed that the biotin moieties of all Pt(IV) complexes can effectively bind with the streptavidin through the noncovalent interactions. Besides, introduction of the biotin group can obviously promote the cancer cell uptake of platinum when treated with complex 1, particularly in cisplatin-resistant SGC-7901/Cis cancer cells. Further mechanistic studies on complex 1 indicated that it activated the expression of Bax, and induced cytochrome c release from the mitochondria, and finally activated caspase-3. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Introduction to "Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future, Volume II"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rabinovich, Alexander B.; Fritz, Hermann M.; Tanioka, Yuichiro; Geist, Eric L.

2017-08-01

Twenty-two papers on the study of tsunamis are included in Volume II of the PAGEOPH topical issue "Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future". Volume I of this topical issue was published as PAGEOPH, vol. 173, No. 12, 2016 (Eds., E. L. Geist, H. M. Fritz, A. B. Rabinovich, and Y. Tanioka). Three papers in Volume II focus on details of the 2011 and 2016 tsunami-generating earthquakes offshore of Tohoku, Japan. The next six papers describe important case studies and observations of recent and historical events. Four papers related to tsunami hazard assessment are followed by three papers on tsunami hydrodynamics and numerical modelling. Three papers discuss problems of tsunami warning and real-time forecasting. The final set of three papers importantly investigates tsunamis generated by non-seismic sources: volcanic explosions, landslides, and meteorological disturbances. Collectively, this volume highlights contemporary trends in global tsunami research, both fundamental and applied toward hazard assessment and mitigation.

Medical tourism in Iran: Issues and challenges

PubMed Central

Jabbari, Alireza; Delgoshaei, Bahram; Mardani, Raja; Tabibi, Seid Jamaledin

2012-01-01

Introduction: Medical tourism is rapidly becoming a worldwide, multibillion-dollar industry. Iran has a high potential for this industry. The purpose of this study was to examine the medical tourism cluster, using Diamond Analysis tool. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive, analytical and qualitative one. Thirty professionals and researchers in this field were interviewed and official documents belonging to the Health ministry as well as tourism organization and finally related literature were examined. The data was analyzed using content analysis method. Results: Positive and negative parts of the medical tourism industry of Iran were determined according to diamond of advantage. Conclusion: The strategic issues were identified and a number of possible solutions for addressing them were recommended. More and effective public-private participations, aggressive marketing, improving infrastructures, and international accreditation of health care facilities and human resources development could improve medical tourism industry in the country. PMID:23555142

Parental attitudes to a telehealth parent coaching intervention for autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Salomone, Erica; Maurizio Arduino, Giuseppe

2017-04-01

Introduction This study examined the potential feasibility of tele-delivered parent coaching in a rural area of Italy through a survey of parents' attitudes towards this type of intervention. Methods Parents of all children up to six years of age registered with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder at the clinic catering for the area were invited to take part in the study. The final sample consisted of 43 parents. Results Parents with worse Internet skills and those who reported lower levels of satisfaction with currently received services were less likely to be willing to enrol. There was a trend for parents with lower self-efficacy to be less likely to enrol. Educational level, previous experience of video-calling, travel time to the clinic and child's level of ability were not associated with the choice of enrolment. Discussion Implications for strategies to contrast barriers to adoption and strengthen implementation plans are discussed.

What We Know About ADHD and Driving Risk: A Literature Review, Meta-Analysis and Critique

PubMed Central

Jerome, Laurence; Segal, Alvin; Habinski, Liat

2006-01-01

Introduction This article examines the literature on ADHD and unintentional driving injury. This literature has emerged over the last decade as part of the burgeoning epidemic of road traffic death and injury which is the number one cause of death in young adults in North America. Methods The available literature on observational outcome studies and experimental pharmacological interventions is critically reviewed. A meta-analysis of behavioral outcomes and a review of effect size of pharmacological studies are presented. Results Current data support the utility of stimulant medication in improving driving performance in younger ADHD drivers. A conceptual model of risk factors in young ADHD drivers is offered. Conclusion The current state of screening instruments for identifying high risk subjects within this clinical group is summarized along with a final section on emerging trends and future prospects for intervention. PMID:18392181

Protein stability: a crystallographer’s perspective

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Deller, Marc C., E-mail: mdeller@stanford.edu; Kong, Leopold; Rupp, Bernhard

An understanding of protein stability is essential for optimizing the expression, purification and crystallization of proteins. In this review, discussion will focus on factors affecting protein stability on a somewhat practical level, particularly from the view of a protein crystallographer. Protein stability is a topic of major interest for the biotechnology, pharmaceutical and food industries, in addition to being a daily consideration for academic researchers studying proteins. An understanding of protein stability is essential for optimizing the expression, purification, formulation, storage and structural studies of proteins. In this review, discussion will focus on factors affecting protein stability, on a somewhatmore » practical level, particularly from the view of a protein crystallographer. The differences between protein conformational stability and protein compositional stability will be discussed, along with a brief introduction to key methods useful for analyzing protein stability. Finally, tactics for addressing protein-stability issues during protein expression, purification and crystallization will be discussed.« less

Association between the age of solid food introduction and eczema: A systematic review and a meta-analysis.

PubMed

Waidyatillake, N T; Dharmage, S C; Allen, K J; Bowatte, G; Boyle, R J; Burgess, J A; Koplin, J J; Garcia-Larsen, V; Lowe, A J; Lodge, C J

2018-03-23

Eczema is a common childhood ailment responsible for a considerable disease burden. Both timing of introduction to solid food and allergenic food are believed to be related to childhood eczema. Despite the growing body of evidence, the relationship between timing of any solid food introduction (allergenic and/or non-allergenic) and development of eczema has not previously been systematically reviewed. PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched using food and eczema terms. Two authors selected papers according to the inclusion criteria and extracted information on study characteristics and measures of association. Meta-analyses were performed after grouping studies according to the age and type of exposure. A total of 17 papers met the inclusion criteria, reporting results from 16 study populations. Of these, 11 were cohort studies, 2 case-controls, 1 cross-sectional study and 2 randomized controlled trials. Limited meta-analyses were performed due to heterogeneity between studies. Timing of solid food introduction was not associated with eczema. One randomized controlled trial provided weak evidence of an association between early allergenic (around 4 months) food introduction and reduced risk of eczema. The available evidence is currently insufficient to determine whether the timing of introduction of any solid food influences the risk of eczema. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Basins of Attraction for Generative Justice

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eglash, Ron; Garvey, Colin

It has long been known that dynamic systems typically tend towards some state - an "attractor" - into which they finally settle. The introduction of chaos theory has modified our understanding of these attractors: we no longer think of the final "resting state" as necessarily being at rest. In this essay we consider the attractors of social ecologies: the networks of people, technologies and natural resources that makeup our built environments. Following the work of "communitarians" we posit that basins of attraction could be created for social ecologies that foster both environmental sustainability and social justice. We refer to this confluence as "generative justice"; a phrase which references both the "bottom-up", self-generating source of its adaptive meta stability, as well as its grounding in the ethics of egalitarian political theory.

Analysis of environmental impact assessment (EIA) system in Turkey.

PubMed

Coşkun, Aynur Aydın; Turker, Ozhan

2011-04-01

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) System, which embodies the "prevention principle" of the environmental law, is an important tool for environmental protection. This tool has a private importance for Turkey since it is a developing country, and it entered the Turkish law in 1983 with the Environmental Law. Besides, the EIA Regulation, which shows the application principles, became effective in 1993. Because Turkey is a candidate for European Union (EU), the EIA Regulation has been changed due to the EU compliance procedure, and its latest version became valid in 2008. This study aims to emphasize The EIA system in Turkey to supervise the efficiency of this procedure and point the success level. In the introduction part, general EIA concept, its importance, and some notations are mentioned. Following that, the legislation, which builds the EIA system, has been analyzed starting from the 1982 Turkish Constitution. Then, the legislation rules are explained due to the basic steps of the EIA procedure. In order to shed light upon the application, the EIA final decisions given until today, the results, and their distributions to the industries are assessed. In the final part of the study, a SWOT analysis is made to mention the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities, and threats of the EIA system in Turkey.

The Seemingly Quixotic Pursuit of a Cumulative Psychological Science: Introduction to the Special Issue

PubMed Central

Curran, Patrick J.

2009-01-01

The following manuscript is the final accepted manuscript. It has not been subjected to the final copyediting, fact-checking, and proofreading required for formal publication. It is not the definitive, publisher-authenticated version. The American Psychological Association and its Council of Editors disclaim any responsibility or liabilities for errors or omissions of this manuscript version, any version derived from this manuscript by NIH, or other third parties. The published version is available at www.apa.org/journals/met. The goal of any empirical science is to pursue the construction of a cumulative base of knowledge upon which the future of the science may be built. However, there is mixed evidence that the science of psychology can accurately be characterized by such a cumulative progression. Indeed, some argue that the development of a truly cumulative psychological science is not possible using the current paradigms of hypothesis testing in single-study designs. The author explores this controversy as a framework to introduce the six papers that make up this special issue that is focused on the integration of data and empirical findings across multiple studies. The author proposes that the methods and techniques described in this set of papers can significantly propel us forward in our ongoing quest to build a cumulative psychological science. PMID:19485622

Photodynamic therapy and two-photon bio-imaging applications of hydrophobic chromophores through amphiphilic polymer delivery.

PubMed

Gallavardin, Thibault; Maurin, Mathieu; Marotte, Sophie; Simon, Timea; Gabudean, Ana-Maria; Bretonnière, Yann; Lindgren, Mikael; Lerouge, Frédéric; Baldeck, Patrick L; Stéphan, Olivier; Leverrier, Yann; Marvel, Jacqueline; Parola, Stéphane; Maury, Olivier; Andraud, Chantal

2011-07-01

The synthesis and photophysical properties of two lipophilic quadrupolar chromophores featuring anthracenyl (1) or dibromobenzene (2) were described. These two chromophores combined significant two-photon absorption cross-sections with high fluorescence quantum yield for 1 and improved singlet oxygen generation efficiency for 2, in organic solvents. The use of Pluronic nanoparticles allowed a simple and straightforward introduction of these lipophilic chromophores into biological cell media. Their internal distribution in various cell lines was studied using fluorescence microscopy and flow-cytometry following a successful staining that was achieved upon 2 h of incubation. Finally, multiphoton excitation microscopy and photodynamic therapy capability of the chromophores were demonstrated by cell exposure to a 820 nm fs laser and cell death upon one photon resonant irradiation at 436 ± 10 nm, respectively.

Sustained Release Drug Delivery Applications of Polyurethanes.

PubMed

Lowinger, Michael B; Barrett, Stephanie E; Zhang, Feng; Williams, Robert O

2018-05-09

Since their introduction over 50 years ago, polyurethanes have been applied to nearly every industry. This review describes applications of polyurethanes to the development of modified release drug delivery. Although drug delivery research leveraging polyurethanes has been ongoing for decades, there has been renewed and substantial interest in the field in recent years. The chemistry of polyurethanes and the mechanisms of drug release from sustained release dosage forms are briefly reviewed. Studies to assess the impact of intrinsic drug properties on release from polyurethane-based formulations are considered. The impact of hydrophilic water swelling polyurethanes on drug diffusivity and release rate is discussed. The role of pore formers in modulating drug release rate is examined. Finally, the value of assessing mechanical properties of the dosage form and approaches taken in the literature are described.

[The role of the Aedes aegypti vector in the epidemiology of dengue in Mexico].

PubMed

Fernández-Salas, I; Flores-Leal, A

1995-01-01

The role of Aedes aegypti (Lineo) in the epidemiology of dengue fever in Mexico is herein discussed based on the vectorial capacity model. Comments on the advantages and disadvantages of each model component at the time of field determinations are also presented. Emphasis is made on the impact of sampling and method bias on the results of vectorial capacity studies. The paper also addresses the need to increase vector biology knowledge as an input for epidemiological work to explain and predict dengue fever outbreaks. Comments on potential entomological variables not considered by the quantitative model are included. Finally, we elaborate on the introduction of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in Mexico as a new risk factor and on its implications for the understanding of dengue fever transmission in Mexico.

An Introduction to Magnetohydrodynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davidson, P. A.

2001-03-01

Magnetic fields are routinely used in industry to heat, pump, stir and levitate liquid metals. There is the terrestrial magnetic field that is maintained by fluid motion in the earth's core, the solar magnetic field, which generates sunspots and solar flares, and the galactic field that influences the formation of stars. This introductory text on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) (the study of the interaction of magnetic fields and conducting fluids) is intended to serve as an introductory text for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in physics, applied mathematics and engineering. The material in the text is heavily weighted toward incompressible flows and to terrestrial (as distinct from astrophysical) applications. The final sections of the text, which outline the latest advances in the metallurgical applications of MHD, make the book of interest to professional researchers in applied mathematics, engineering and metallurgy.

Biomacromolecules as carriers in drug delivery and tissue engineering.

PubMed

Zhang, Yujie; Sun, Tao; Jiang, Chen

2018-01-01

Natural biomacromolecules have attracted increased attention as carriers in biomedicine in recent years because of their inherent biochemical and biophysical properties including renewability, nontoxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, long blood circulation time and targeting ability. Recent advances in our understanding of the biological functions of natural-origin biomacromolecules and the progress in the study of biological drug carriers indicate that such carriers may have advantages over synthetic material-based carriers in terms of half-life, stability, safety and ease of manufacture. In this review, we give a brief introduction to the biochemical properties of the widely used biomacromolecule-based carriers such as albumin, lipoproteins and polysaccharides. Then examples from the clinic and in recent laboratory development are summarized. Finally the current challenges and future prospects of present biological carriers are discussed.

DNA gel electrophoresis: the reptation model(s).

PubMed

Slater, Gary W

2009-06-01

DNA gel electrophoresis has been the most important experimental tool to separate DNA fragments for several decades. The introduction of PFGE in the 1980s and capillary gel electrophoresis in the 1990s made it possible to study, map and sequence entire genomes. Explaining how very large DNA molecules move in a gel and why PFGE is needed to separate them has been an active field of research ever since the launch of the journal Electrophoresis. This article presents a personal and historical overview of the development of the theory of gel electrophoresis, focusing on the reptation model, the band broadening mechanisms, and finally the factors that limit the read length and the resolution of electrophoresis-based sequencing systems. I conclude with a short discussion of some of the questions that remain unanswered.

Molecular modification of coumarin dyes for more efficient dye sensitized solar cells

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sanchez-de-Armas, Rocio; San-Miguel, Miguel A.; Oviedo, Jaime

2012-05-21

In this work, new coumarin based dyes for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) have been designed by introducing several substituent groups in different positions of the NKX-2311 structure. Two types of substitutions have been considered: the introduction of three electron-donating groups (-OH, -NH{sub 2}, and -OCH{sub 3}) and two different substituents with steric effect: -CH{sub 2}-CH{sub 2}-CH{sub 2}- and -CH{sub 2}-HC=CH-. The electronic absorption spectra (position and width of the first band and absorption threshold) and the position of the LUMO level related to the conduction band have been used as theoretical criteria to evaluate the efficiency of the newmore » dyes. The introduction of a -NH{sub 2} group produces a redshift of the absorption maximum position and the absorption threshold, which could improve the cell efficiency. In contrast, the introduction of -CH{sub 2}-CH{sub 2}-CH{sub 2}- does not modify significantly the electronic structure of NKX-2311, but it might prevent aggregation. Finally, -CH{sub 2}-HC=CH- produces important changes both in the electronic spectrum and in the electronic structure of the dye, and it would be expected as an improvement of cell efficiency for these dyes.« less

Interaction complexity matters: disentangling services and disservices of ant communities driving yield in tropical agroecosystems

PubMed Central

Wielgoss, Arno; Tscharntke, Teja; Rumede, Alfianus; Fiala, Brigitte; Seidel, Hannes; Shahabuddin, Saleh; Clough, Yann

2014-01-01

Owing to complex direct and indirect effects, impacts of higher trophic levels on plants is poorly understood. In tropical agroecosystems, ants interact with crop mutualists and antagonists, but little is known about how this integrates into the final ecosystem service, crop yield. We combined ant exclusion and introduction of invasive and native-dominant species in cacao agroecosystems to test whether (i) ant exclusion reduces yield, (ii) dominant species maximize certain intermediate ecosystem services (e.g. control of specific pests) rather than yield, which depends on several, cascading intermediate services and (iii) even, species-rich ant communities result in highest yields. Ants provided services, including reduced leaf herbivory and fruit pest damage and indirect pollination facilitation, but also disservices, such as increased mealybug density, phytopathogen dissemination and indirect pest damage enhancement. Yields were highest with unmanipulated, species-rich, even communities, whereas ant exclusion decreased yield by 27%. Introduction of an invasive-dominant ant decreased species density and evenness and resulted in 34% lower yields, whereas introduction of a non-invasive-dominant species resulted in similar species density and yields as in the unmanipulated control. Species traits and ant community structure affect services and disservices for agriculture in surprisingly complex ways, with species-rich and even communities promoting highest yield. PMID:24307667

History of antibiotics. From salvarsan to cephalosporins.

PubMed

Zaffiri, Lorenzo; Gardner, Jared; Toledo-Pereyra, Luis H

2012-04-01

Infections have represented for a long time the leading cause of death in humans. During the 19th century, pneumonia, tuberculosis, diarrhea and diphtheria were considered the main causes of death in children and adults. Only in the late 19th century did it become possible to correlate the existence of microscopic pathogens with the development of various diseases. Within a few years the introduction of antiseptic procedures had begun to reduce mortality due to postsurgical infections. Sanitation and hygiene played a significant role in the reduction of the mortality due to several infectious diseases. The introduction of the first compounds with antimicrobial activity succeeded in conquering many diseases. In this review we analyzed, from a historical perspective, the development of antibiotics and the circumstances that led to their discovery. The first compound with antimicrobial activity was introduced in 1911 by Erlich. He focused his research activity on the discovery of a "magic bullet" to treat syphilis. Afterwards, Foley and colleagues brought penicillin to the forefront. Streptomycin represents the first drug discovered for the treatment of tuberculosis, and its development included the first use of clinical trials. Finally, with the development of cephalosporins, the introduction of new antimicrobial compounds with broad activity against gram-positive and also some gram-negative bacteria began.

An Implementation Of Icare Approach (Introduction, Connection, Application, Reflection, Extension) to Improve The Creative Thinking Skills

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carni; Maknun, J.; Siahaan, P.

2017-02-01

This study is aimed to get an overview about the increase of creative thinking skills in ten grades high school students as the impact of the implementation of the ICARE approach to the dynamic electrical material. This study is using pre-experimental method. And, the research design is one-group-pretest-posttest. In this case, the participants of this study are students in ten grades in one senior high school in West Java which is randomly selected. The data is collected from the students by doing pretest and posttest in order to measure the increase of students’ creative thinking skills. In the final analysis, the results of this study presents that the implementation of the ICARE approach generally increase the students’ creative thinking skills. The result of the N-Gain showed that the students’ creative thinking skills increased by the average score of 0.52, categorized as medium. This is caused by the implementation of ICARE approach to the application stage.

Ureteral endometriosis: A systematic literature review

PubMed Central

Palla, Viktoria-Varvara; Karaolanis, Georgios; Katafigiotis, Ioannis; Anastasiou, Ioannis

2017-01-01

Introduction: Ureteral endometriosis is a rare disease affecting women of childbearing age which presents with nonspecific symptoms and it may result in severe morbidity. The aim of this study was to review evidence about incidence, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of ureteral endometriosis. Materials and Methods: PubMed Central database was searched to identify studies reporting cases of ureteral endometriosis. “Ureter” or “Ureteral” and “Endometriosis” were used as key words. Database was searched for articles published since 1996, in English without restrictions regarding the study design. Results: From 420 studies obtained through database search, 104 articles were finally included in this review, including a total of 1384 patients with ureteral endometriosis. Data regarding age, location, pathological findings, and interventions were extracted. Mean patients' age was 38.6 years, whereas the therapeutic arsenal included hormonal, endoscopic, and/or surgical treatment. Conclusions: Ureteral endometriosis represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the clinicians and high clinical suspicion is needed to identify it. PMID:29021650

Instrumental variable methods in comparative safety and effectiveness research†

PubMed Central

Brookhart, M. Alan; Rassen, Jeremy A.; Schneeweiss, Sebastian

2010-01-01

Summary Instrumental variable (IV) methods have been proposed as a potential approach to the common problem of uncontrolled confounding in comparative studies of medical interventions, but IV methods are unfamiliar to many researchers. The goal of this article is to provide a non-technical, practical introduction to IV methods for comparative safety and effectiveness research. We outline the principles and basic assumptions necessary for valid IV estimation, discuss how to interpret the results of an IV study, provide a review of instruments that have been used in comparative effectiveness research, and suggest some minimal reporting standards for an IV analysis. Finally, we offer our perspective of the role of IV estimation vis-à-vis more traditional approaches based on statistical modeling of the exposure or outcome. We anticipate that IV methods will be often underpowered for drug safety studies of very rare outcomes, but may be potentially useful in studies of intended effects where uncontrolled confounding may be substantial. PMID:20354968

Current status of gene expression profiling in the diagnosis and management of acute leukaemia.

PubMed

Bacher, Ulrike; Kohlmann, Alexander; Haferlach, Torsten

2009-06-01

Gene expression profiling (GEP) enables the simultaneous investigation of the expression of tens of thousands of genes and was successfully introduced in leukaemia research a decade ago. Aiming to better understand the diversity of genetic aberrations in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), pioneer studies investigated and confirmed the predictability of many cytogenetic and molecular subclasses in AML and ALL. In addition, GEP can define new prognostic subclasses within distinct leukaemia subgroups, as illustrated in AML with normal karyotype. Another approach is the development of treatment-specific sensitivity assays, which might contribute to targeted therapy studies. Finally, GEP might enable the detection of new molecular targets for therapy in patients with acute leukaemia. Meanwhile, large multicentre studies, e.g. the Microarray Innovations in LEukaemia (MILE) study, prepare for a standardised introduction of GEP in leukaemia diagnostic algorithms, aiming to translate this novel methodology into clinical routine for the benefit of patients with the complex disorders of AML and ALL.

Initial Systematic Investigations of the Weakly Coupled Free Fermionic Heterotic String Landscape Statistics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Renner, Timothy

2011-12-01

A C++ framework was constructed with the explicit purpose of systematically generating string models using the Weakly Coupled Free Fermionic Heterotic String (WCFFHS) method. The software, optimized for speed, generality, and ease of use, has been used to conduct preliminary systematic investigations of WCFFHS vacua. Documentation for this framework is provided in the Appendix. After an introduction to theoretical and computational aspects of WCFFHS model building, a study of ten-dimensional WCFFHS models is presented. Degeneracies among equivalent expressions of each of the known models are investigated and classified. A study of more phenomenologically realistic four-dimensional models based on the well known "NAHE" set is then presented, with statistics being reported on gauge content, matter representations, and space-time supersymmetries. The final study is a parallel to the NAHE study in which a variation of the NAHE set is systematically extended and examined statistically. Special attention is paid to models with "mirroring"---identical observable and hidden sector gauge groups and matter representations.

Performances achieved to the Grid by a Full Power Converter Used in a Variable Speed Pumped Storage Plant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Claude, Jean-Michel

2017-04-01

The growth of renewable energies likes wind and solar requires pumped-storage plants to increase their performances to stabilize grid frequency and voltage. The introduction of a full-power converter constitutes the ultimate step forward to meet the requirement in a safe, reliable and sustainable manner. This article quickly introduces the converter topology and technology before describing the performances it aims to deliver to the grid. Finally, converter bypass is discussed.

A Machine Learning Concept for DTN Routing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dudukovich, Rachel; Hylton, Alan; Papachristou, Christos

2017-01-01

This paper discusses the concept and architecture of a machine learning based router for delay tolerant space networks. The techniques of reinforcement learning and Bayesian learning are used to supplement the routing decisions of the popular Contact Graph Routing algorithm. An introduction to the concepts of Contact Graph Routing, Q-routing and Naive Bayes classification are given. The development of an architecture for a cross-layer feedback framework for DTN (Delay-Tolerant Networking) protocols is discussed. Finally, initial simulation setup and results are given.

Software Development for Automation of Space- and Time- Varying Pressurization on Small Caliber Gun Barrels

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-08-01

PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including...PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1 . REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) August 2007 2. REPORT TYPE Final 3. DATES COVERED (From...Z39.18 iii Contents List of Figures iv List of Tables iv Acknowledgments v 1 . Introduction 1 2. Functional Requirements and Use Cases 2 3

Dengue Virus in Sub-tropical Northern and Central Viet Nam: Population Immunity and Climate Shape Patterns of Viral Invasion and Maintenance

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-05

or the U.S. Government. * E-mail: j.aaskov@qut.edu.au Introduction Dengue viruses (DENV) are single-stranded, positive-sense, mosquito -borne RNA...transmission intensities, as cool winter temperatures in northern Viet Nam may reduce mosquito breeding and survival and increase extrinsic incubation times...Nam may reduce mosquito populations and virus replica- tion to levels that are not conducive to year-round DENV transmission. Finally, we found that

A Low Velocity 0.30-cal. Gun System

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-02-01

control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) February 2015 2. REPORT TYPE Final 3. DATES COVERED...298 (Rev. 8/98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 iii Contents List of Figures iv List of Tables iv 1. Introduction 1 2. Approach 4 3...the speed of sound in air. It is exceedingly difficult to get precise velocity control of gun-fired FSPs in this velocity regime using a

Software engineering from a Langley perspective

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Voigt, Susan

1994-01-01

A brief introduction to software engineering is presented. The talk is divided into four sections beginning with the question 'What is software engineering', followed by a brief history of the progression of software engineering at the Langley Research Center in the context of an expanding computing environment. Several basic concepts and terms are introduced, including software development life cycles and maturity levels. Finally, comments are offered on what software engineering means for the Langley Research Center and where to find more information on the subject.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory Facilities Replacement on Hanscom Air Force Base Phase 1 Final Environmental Assessment

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-24

Service UST Underground Storage Tank VC Vitrified Clay VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds W Watts 1 1.0 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR ACTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION The...discharged to sanitary drain and the solids slurry is hauled off site for disposal Fluoride drain: welded stainless steel drain piping from wet...diameter vitrified clay (VC) gravity sewer collection pipe, flowing north/northeast to the upper pumping station at Building 1306, is located within the

Radiometric calibration of the Earth observing system's imaging sensors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Slater, P. N.

1987-01-01

Philosophy, requirements, and methods of calibration of multispectral space sensor systems as applicable to the Earth Observing System (EOS) are discussed. Vicarious methods for calibration of low spatial resolution systems, with respect to the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), are then summarized. Finally, a theoretical introduction is given to a new vicarious method of calibration using the ratio of diffuse-to-global irradiance at the Earth's surfaces as the key input. This may provide an additional independent method for in-flight calibration.

Re-Coopering anti-psychiatry: David Cooper, revolutionary critic of psychiatry

PubMed Central

Chapman, Adrian

2016-01-01

This article offers an introduction to David Cooper (1931–86), who coined the term ‘anti-psychiatry’, and, it is argued here, has not so far received the scholarly attention that he deserves. The first section presents his life in context. The second section presents his work in detail. There follows a section on the critical reception of Cooper, and, finally, a conclusion that sets out ways in which he might be interesting and useful today. PMID:27909583

Machine Learning

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-04-01

DTIC i.LE COPY RADC-TR-90-25 Final Technical Report April 1990 MACHINE LEARNING The MITRE Corporation Melissa P. Chase Cs) CTIC ’- CT E 71 IN 2 11990...S. FUNDING NUMBERS MACHINE LEARNING C - F19628-89-C-0001 PE - 62702F PR - MOlE S. AUTHO(S) TA - 79 Melissa P. Chase WUT - 80 S. PERFORMING...341.280.5500 pm I " Aw Sig rill Ia 2110-01 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND Research in machine learning has taken two directions in the problem of

New developments in the pharmacotherapy of neuropathic chronic pelvic pain

PubMed Central

Carey, Erin T; As-Sanie, Sawsan

2016-01-01

Advancements in further understanding the pathophysiology of chronic pelvic pain syndromes continue to direct therapy. The mechanisms of chronic pelvic pain are often multifactorial and therefore require a multidisciplinary approach. The final treatment plan is often an accumulation of organ-specific treatment and chronic pain medications directed to the CNS and PNS. This article is a review of commonly used medications for chronic pelvic neuropathic pain disorders as well as an introduction to recent innovative developments in pain medicine. PMID:28116131

Numerical Wake Prediction Methods for Submerged Appended Bodies, A Literature Survey.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-01

Flement 62543N, Task Area 421-252, Work Unit number 1-1506-202-11. INTRODUCTION In order to design a propeller for a submerged vehicle, it is essential to...know the velocity field (i.e. wake) in the propeller plane. One of the goals of the application of computational fluid dynamics to ship design is to...tests for the purpose of obtaining wake data will be either unnecessary or would be needed only at the final stage of design . Before such a goal can

Impulse Loading Resulting fromShallow Buried Explosives in Water-Saturated Sand

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

speed photographs of the associated soil cratering and ejecting phenomena. The work of Bergeron et al. [6] was subsequently extended by Braid [7] to...place, a series of water hoses is placed in pit bottom to allow the introduction of water into the pit from the bottom. Next, approximately 14.2 m3...blast. Final report for contract no. DAAK70-92-C-0058, US Army Belvoir RDEC, Ft. Belvoir, VA, 1993. 6 Bergeron, D. Hlady, S., and Braid , M. P

Longitudinal Risk and Resilience Factors Predicting Psychiatric Disruption, Mental Health Service Utilization & Military Retention in OIF National Guard Troops

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-04-01

completing in-person clinical assessments that include structured clinical interviews and psychological testing . As an introduction to the three...coordinator to opt out of the project. 2.2.2. Analyses of Response Bias. To test for response bias, we compared responders and non-responders to the...used to include these subjects without Wave 2 data in the final analyses. 2.3.2. Analyses of Response Bias. To test for response bias at Wave 3

The Grain Structure of Castings: Some Aspects of Modelling

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hellawell, A.

1995-01-01

The efficacy of the modelling of the solidification of castings is typically tested against observed cooling curves and the final grain structures and sizes. Without thermo solutal convection, equiaxed grain formation is promoted by introduction of heterogeneous substrates into the melt, as grain refiners. With efficient thermo solutal convection, dendrite fragments from the mushy zone can act as an intrinsic source of equiaxed grains and resort to grain refining additions is unnecessary. The mechanisms of dendrite fragmentation and transport of these fragments are briefly considered.

Synthesis of high surface area nanomaterials and their application in catalysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chaudhary, Umesh

2016-05-01

The dissertation is organized in 4 chapters. Chapter 1 highlights the motivations behind our research along with a general introduction on ceria and carbon catalysts. Chapter 2 reports the investigations on Copper-Ceria catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of fatty acids into fatty alcohols. Chapter 3 discusses the development of nitrogen containing mesoporous carbon. The chapter also reports the catalytic investigations for aldol condensation and nitrobenzene hydrogenation reactions. Finally, Chapter 4 is a general conclusion summarizing this dissertation.

Solar energy and the aeronautics industry. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benedek, L.

1985-01-01

An introduction to the physical aspects of solar energy, incidental energy and variations in solar flux is presented, along with an explanation of the physical principles of obtaining solar energy. The history of the application of solar energy to aeronautics, including the Gossamer Penguin and the Solar Challenger is given. Finally, an analysis of the possibilities of using a reaction motor with hybrid propulsion combining solar energy with traditional fuels as well as calculations of the proposed cycle and its mode of operation are given.

Soviet Introduction of New Technology: A Depiction of the Process

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-01-01

serious problem , however, is the appropriate rate of conver- sion to use between foreign- exchange rubles (in which foreign trade data are presented) and...purchasing-power rates between domestic rubles and foreign- exchange rubles, see A. Woroniak, "Le probleme de la conversion du rouble en dollar...Institute. b. Reports that present the results of research related to a t;ingle phase or factor of a research problem or are a draft RM or Fina.l leport. l0

Application of HSE management in a multi-cultural environment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lamki, A.M.N.; Binks, S.L.M.

1996-11-01

This paper addresses the key elements of Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.`s HSE programmes and the systems employed to structure their application. An improvement in HSE performance with the introduction of HSE programmes and systems is demonstrated. Special emphasis is given to some of the difficulties experienced with application of the systems in a multi-national/cultural workforce. Finally, examples are given of the techniques adopted to promote the application of HSE management in the workforce, with particular emphasis on communication and training.

Introduction of the second-generation direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in chronic hepatitis C: a register-based study in Sweden.

PubMed

Frisk, P; Aggefors, K; Cars, T; Feltelius, N; Loov, S A; Wettermark, B; Weiland, O

2018-07-01

Introduction of the direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection has been challenging in all health systems. In Sweden, a national protocol for managed introduction was developed. It was optional, but all county councils agreed to implement and follow it. The purpose of this study was to study (a) cure rates among all patients initiated on treatment in 2014-2015, (b) prescribers' adherence to the drug recommendations and treatment eligibility criteria in the protocol, and (c) introduction rate in the six Swedish healthcare regions. A cross-sectional study where national data from the Prescribed Drug Register and the quality register InfCare Hepatitis defined the study population, and clinical data from the Patient Register and InfCare Hepatitis were used to monitor outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used. A total of 3447 patients were initiated on treatment during 2014-2015. The overall cure rate, based on data from 85% of the cohort, was 96%, with variation between genotypes. Adherence to drug recommendations increased over time and varied between 43.2 and 94.2%. Adherence to the treatment eligibility criteria was initially 80% and increased to 87% when treatment restrictions were widened. The introduction rate differed initially between the regions and reached stable levels 15-18 months after the launch of the first DAA. The estimated overall cure rate was 96%, with some variations between genotypes. A high level of adherence to the introduction protocol as well as similar introduction rates in the health care regions indicate that the introduction protocol, alongside with other measures taken, contributed considerably to a rapid uptake and equal distribution of DAAs in Sweden.

Factors influencing the introduction of physical activity interventions in primary health care: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Huijg, Johanna M; van der Zouwe, Nicolette; Crone, Mathilde R; Verheijden, Marieke W; Middelkoop, Barend J C; Gebhardt, Winifred A

2015-06-01

The introduction of efficacious physical activity (PA) interventions in routine primary health care (PHC) is a complex process. Understanding factors influencing the process can enhance the development of successful introduction strategies. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore stakeholders' perceptions on factors influencing the introduction, i.e., adoption, implementation, and continuation, of PA interventions in PHC. Twenty-eight semistructured interviews were held with intervention managers, PHC advisors, intervention providers, and referring general practitioners of five PA interventions delivered in PHC. A theoretical framework on the introduction of innovations in health care was used to guide the data collection. Influencing factors were identified using thematic analysis. Stakeholders reported preconditions for the introduction of PA interventions in PHC (e.g., support, resources, and networks and collaborations), in addition to characteristics of PA interventions (e.g., compatibility, flexibility, and intervention materials) and characteristics of PHC professionals (e.g., knowledge, positive attitudes, and beliefs about capabilities) perceived to enhance the introduction process. Furthermore, they proposed strategies for the development of PA interventions (e.g., involvement of future stakeholders, full development, and refinement) and strategies to introduce PA interventions in PHC (e.g., training, assistance, and reinforcement). The majority of the influencing factors were discussed specifically in relation to one or two stages. This study presents an overview of factors that are perceived to influence the introduction of PA interventions in PHC. It underscores the importance of taking these factors into account when designing introduction strategies and of giving special attention to the distinct stages of the process.

The Impact of Training Students How to Write Introductions for Academic Essays: An Exploratory, Longitudinal Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Gavin T. L.; Marshall, Jennifer C.

2012-01-01

Successful academic writing requires strong command of the rhetorical moves that orient the reader to the theme and substantive material of an academic essay. Effective control of the introduction leads to better overall writing. The goal of this study was to devise and evaluate a pedagogy for teaching the writing of academic essay introductions.…

Magnetic hierarchical deposition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Posazhennikova, Anna I.; Indekeu, Joseph O.

2014-11-01

We consider random deposition of debris or blocks on a line, with block sizes following a rigorous hierarchy: the linear size equals 1/λn in generation n, in terms of a rescaling factor λ. Without interactions between the blocks, this model is described by a logarithmic fractal, studied previously, which is characterized by a constant increment of the length, area or volume upon proliferation. We study to what extent the logarithmic fractality survives, if each block is equipped with an Ising (pseudo-)spin s=±1 and the interactions between those spins are switched on (ranging from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic). It turns out that the dependence of the surface topology on the interaction sign and strength is not trivial. For instance, deep in the ferromagnetic regime, our numerical experiments and analytical results reveal a sharp crossover from a Euclidean transient, consisting of aggregated domains of aligned spins, to an asymptotic logarithmic fractal growth. In contrast, deep into the antiferromagnetic regime the surface roughness is important and is shown analytically to be controlled by vacancies induced by frustrated spins. Finally, in the weak interaction regime, we demonstrate that the non-interacting model is extremal in the sense that the effect of the introduction of interactions is only quadratic in the magnetic coupling strength. In all regimes, we demonstrate the adequacy of a mean-field approximation whenever vacancies are rare. In sum, the logarithmic fractal character is robust with respect to the introduction of spatial correlations in the hierarchical deposition process.

European radiographers' challenges from mammography education and clinical practice - an integrative review.

PubMed

Metsälä, Eija; Richli Meystre, Nicole; Pires Jorge, José; Henner, Anja; Kukkes, Tiina; Sá Dos Reis, Cláudia

2017-06-01

This study aims to identify European radiographers' challenges in clinical performance in mammography and the main areas of mammography that require more and better training. An extensive search was performed to identify relevant studies focused on clinical practice, education and training in mammography published between January 2010 and December 2015 in the English language. The data were analysed by using deductive thematic analysis. A total of 27 full text articles were read, evaluating their quality. Sixteen articles out of 27 were finally selected for this integrative review. The main challenges of radiographers' mammography education/training can be divided into three groups: training needs, challenges related to radiographers, and challenges related to the organization of education. The most common challenges of clinical performance in mammography among European radiographers involved technical performance, the quality of practices, and patient-centeredness. The introduction of harmonized mammography guidelines across Europe may serve as an evidence-based tool to be implemented in practice and education. However, the variability in human and material resources as well as the different cultural contexts should be considered during this process. • Radiographers' awareness of their professional identity and enhancing multiprofessional cooperation in mammography. • Radiographers' responsibilities regarding image quality (IQ) and optimal breast imaging performance. • Patient-centred mammography services focusing on the psychosocial needs of the patient. • Challenges: positioning, QC-testing, IQ-assessment, optimization of breast compression, communication, teamwork, and patient-centred care. • Introduction of evidence-based guidelines in Europe to harmonize mammography practice and education.

Impact of the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the Brazilian routine childhood national immunization program.

PubMed

Moreira, Marta; Cintra, Otavio; Harriague, Julie; Hausdorff, William P; Hoet, Bernard

2016-05-27

Brazil introduced the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV, Synflorix™, GSK Vaccines) in the routine childhood immunization program in 2010 with a 3+1 schedule (with catch-up for children <2 years-old). This review represents the first analysis of the overall impact of a second-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage and all the major pneumococcal disease manifestations in a single, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine-naïve, developing country. A total of 15 published articles and 13 congress abstracts were included in the analysis. In children <5 years-old, studies showed a positive impact of PHiD-CV on the incidence of vaccine-type and any-type invasive pneumococcal disease (including decreases in pneumococcal meningitis morbidity and mortality), on pneumonia incidence and mortality, and on otitis media. Nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine-type and any-type pneumococci decreased after the primary doses, with no early signs of replacement with other pathogens. Finally, herd protection against vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia in unvaccinated subjects was shown in some studies for some age groups. In conclusion, pneumococcal disease decreased after the introduction of PHiD-CV into the Brazilian national immunization program. Further follow-up is needed to evaluate the long-term overall impact of PHiD-CV in the Brazilian population. Copyright © 2016 GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Feasibility study for the Swaziland/Mozambique interconnector. Final report. Export trade information

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1997-11-01

This study, conducted by Black & Veatch, was funded by the U.S. Trade and Development Agency. The report, produced for the Ministry of National Resources, Energy and Environment (MNRE) of Swaziland, determines the least cost capacity expansion option to meet the future power demand and system reliability criteria of Swaziland, with particular emphasis on the proposed interconnector between Swaziland and Mozambique. Volume 2, the Final Report, contains the following sections: (1.0) Introduction; (2.0) Review of SEB Power System; (3.0) SEB Load Forecast and Review; (4.0) SEB Load Forecast Revision; (5.0) The SEB Need for Power; (6.0) SEB System Development Planmore » Review; (7.0) Southern Mozambique EdM power System Review; (8.0) Southern Mozambique EdM Energy and Demand; (9.0) Supply Side Capacity Options for Swaziland and Mozambique; (10.0) SEB Expansion Plan Development; (11.0) EdM Expansion Plan Development; (12.0) Cost Sharing of the Interconnector; (13.0) Enviroinmental Evaluation of Interconnector Options; (14.0) Generation/Transmission Trade Offs; (15.0) Draft Interconnection Agreement and Contract Packages; (16.0) Transmission System Study; (17.0) Automatic General Control; (18.0) Automatic Startup and Shutdown of Hydro Electric Power Plants; (19.0) Communications and Metering; (20.0) Conclusions and Recommendations; Appendix A: Demand Side Management Primer; Appendix B. PURPA and Avoided Cost Calculations.« less

Healthcare-associated infections in a tunisian university hospital: from analysis to action

PubMed Central

Mahjoub, Mohamed; Bouafia, Nebiha; Bannour, Waadia; Masmoudi, Tasnim; Bouriga, Rym; Hellali, Radhia; Cheikh, Asma Ben; Ezzi, Olfa; Abdeljellil, Amel Ben; Mansour, Njah

2015-01-01

Introduction Our study was conducted, in university hospital center (UHC) Farhat Hached of Sousse (city in Tunisian center-east), within healthcare-associated infections (HAI) epidemiological surveillance (ES) program, based, among others, on HAI regular prevalence surveys. Our objectives are to resituate HAI prevalence rate and to identify their risk factors (RF) in order to adjust, in our hospital, prevention programs. Methods It is a transversal descriptive study, including all patients who had been hospitalized for at least 48 hours, measuring prevalence of HAI a “given day”, with only one passage by service. Risk factors were determined using Epiinfo 6.0, by uni-varied analysis, then, logistic regression stepwise descending for the variables whose p Results The study focused on 312 patients. Infected patients prevalence was 12.5% and that of HAI was 14.5%. Infections on peripheral venous catheter (PVC) dominated (42.2%) among all HAI identified. HAI significant RF were neutropenia (p < 10−4) for intrinsic factors, and PVC for extrinsic factors (p = 0,003). Conclusion Predominance of infections on PVC should be subject of specific prevention actions, including retro-information strategy, prospective ES, professional practices evaluation and finally training and increasing awareness of health personnel with hygiene measures. Finally, development of a patient safety culture with personnel ensures best adherence to hygiene measures and HAI prevention. PMID:26113928

Design and performance of a new continuous-flow sample-introduction system for flame infrared-emission spectrometry: Applications in process analysis, flow injection analysis, and ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography.

PubMed

Lam, C K; Zhang, Y; Busch, M A; Busch, K W

1993-06-01

A new sample introduction system for the analysis of continuously flowing liquid streams by flame infrared-emission (FIRE) spectrometry has been developed. The system uses a specially designed purge cell to strip dissolved CO(2) from solution into a hydrogen gas stream that serves as the fuel for a hydrogen/air flame. Vibrationally excited CO(2) molecules present in the flame are monitored with a simple infrared filter (4.4 mum) photometer. The new system can be used to introduce analytes as a continuous liquid stream (process analysis mode) or on a discrete basis by sample injection (flow injection analysis mode). The key to the success of the method is the new purge-cell design. The small internal volume of the cell minimizes problems associated with purge-cell clean-out and produces sharp, reproducible signals. Spent analytical solution is continuously drained from the cell, making cell disconnection and cleaning between samples unnecessary. Under the conditions employed in this study, samples could be analyzed at a maximum rate of approximately 60/h. The new sample introduction system was successfully tested in both a process analysis- and a flow injection analysis mode for the determination of total inorganic carbon in Waco tap water. For the first time, flame infrared-emission spectrometry was successfully extended to non-volatile organic compounds by using chemical pretreatment with peroxydisulfate in the presence of silver ion to convert the analytes into dissolved carbon dioxide, prior to purging and detection by the FIRE radiometer. A test of the peroxydisulfate/Ag(+) reaction using six organic acids and five sugars indicated that all 11 compounds were oxidized to nearly the same extent. Finally, the new sample introduction system was used in conjunction with a simple filter FIRE radiometer as a detection system in ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. Ion-exchange chromatograms are shown for two aqueous mixtures, one containing six organic acids and the second containing six mono-, di-, and trisaccharides.

Towards development and validation of an intraoperative assessment tool for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy training: results of a Delphi study

PubMed Central

Morris, Christopher; Hoogenes, Jen; Shayegan, Bobby; Matsumoto, Edward D.

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Introduction As urology training shifts toward competency-based frameworks, the need for tools for high stakes assessment of trainees is crucial. Validated assessment metrics are lacking for many robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). As it is quickly becoming the gold standard for treatment of localized prostate cancer, the development and validation of a RARP assessment tool for training is timely. Materials and methods We recruited 13 expert RARP surgeons from the United States and Canada to serve as our Delphi panel. Using an initial inventory developed via a modified Delphi process with urology residents, fellows, and staff at our institution, panelists iteratively rated each step and sub-step on a 5-point Likert scale of agreement for inclusion in the final assessment tool. Qualitative feedback was elicited for each item to determine proper step placement, wording, and suggestions. Results Panelist’s responses were compiled and the inventory was edited through three iterations, after which 100% consensus was achieved. The initial inventory steps were decreased by 13% and a skip pattern was incorporated. The final RARP stepwise inventory was comprised of 13 critical steps with 52 sub-steps. There was no attrition throughout the Delphi process. Conclusions Our Delphi study resulted in a comprehensive inventory of intraoperative RARP steps with excellent consensus. This final inventory will be used to develop a valid and psychometrically sound intraoperative assessment tool for use during RARP training and evaluation, with the aim of increasing competency of all trainees. PMID:28379668

Preparing Nursing Home Data from Multiple Sites for Clinical Research – A Case Study Using Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics

PubMed Central

Boyce, Richard D.; Handler, Steven M.; Karp, Jordan F.; Perera, Subashan; Reynolds, Charles F.

2016-01-01

Introduction: A potential barrier to nursing home research is the limited availability of research quality data in electronic form. We describe a case study of converting electronic health data from five skilled nursing facilities to a research quality longitudinal dataset by means of open-source tools produced by the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) collaborative. Methods: The Long-Term Care Minimum Data Set (MDS), drug dispensing, and fall incident data from five SNFs were extracted, translated, and loaded into version 4 of the OHDSI common data model. Quality assurance involved identifying errors using the Achilles data characterization tool and comparing both quality measures and drug exposures in the new database for concordance with externally available sources. Findings: Records for a total 4,519 patients (95.1%) made it into the final database. Achilles identified 10 different types of errors that were addressed in the final dataset. Drug exposures based on dispensing were generally accurate when compared with medication administration data from the pharmacy services provider. Quality measures were generally concordant between the new database and Nursing Home Compare for measures with a prevalence ≥ 10%. Fall data recorded in MDS was found to be more complete than data from fall incident reports. Conclusions: The new dataset is ready to support observational research on topics of clinical importance in the nursing home including patient-level prediction of falls. The extraction, translation, and loading process enabled the use of OHDSI data characterization tools that improved the quality of the final dataset. PMID:27891528

The history of Latin terminology of human skeletal muscles (from Vesalius to the present).

PubMed

Musil, Vladimir; Suchomel, Zdenek; Malinova, Petra; Stingl, Josef; Vlcek, Martin; Vacha, Marek

2015-01-01

The aim of this literary search was to chart the etymology of 32 selected human skeletal muscles, representative of all body regions. In researching this study, analysis of 15 influential Latin and German anatomical textbooks, dating from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century, was undertaken, as well as reference to four versions of the official Latin anatomical terminologies. Particular emphasis has been placed on the historical development of muscular nomenclature, and the subsequent division of these data into groups, defined by similarities in the evolution of their names into the modern form. The first group represents examples of muscles whose names have not changed since their introduction by Vesalius (1543). The second group comprises muscles which earned their definitive names during the seventeenth and eighteenth century. The third group is defined by acceptance into common anatomical vernacular by the late nineteenth century, including those outlined in the first official Latin terminology (B.N.A.) of 1895. The final group is reserved for six extra-ocular muscles with a particularly poetic history, favoured and popularised by the anatomical giants of late Renaissance and 1,700 s. As this study will demonstrate, it is evident that up until introduction of the B.N.A. there was an extremely liberal approach to naming muscles, deserving great respect in the retrospective terminological studies if complete and relevant results are to be achieved. Without this knowledge of the vernacular of the ages past, modern researchers can find themselves 'reinventing the wheel' in looking for their answers.

Small bowel video capsule endoscopy in Crohn's disease: What have we learned in the last ten years?

PubMed

Lucendo, Alfredo J; Guagnozzi, Danila

2011-02-16

Since its introduction in 2001, capsule endoscopy (CE) has become the most important advance in the study of small bowel disease, including Crohn's disease (CD). This technique has been demonstrated to be superior to all other current forms of radiological investigation in detecting mucosal abnormalities of small bowel nonstricturing CD. CE has proven to be extremely useful in diagnosing CD in patients with inconclusive findings from ileocolonoscopy and x-ray-based studies. Almost half of all patients with CD involving the ileum also present lesions in proximal intestinal segments, with the small bowel being exclusively involved in up to 30% of all CD cases. Despite the widespread use of CE, several questions concerning the utility of this technique remain unanswered. The lack of commonly agreed diagnostic criteria for defining CD lesions with the aid of CE may have had an influence on the variation in diagnostic results for CE reported in the literature. The utility of CE in monitoring CD and in guiding therapy has also been proposed. Furthermore, CE could be a useful second-line technique for patients with an established diagnosis of CD and unexplained symptoms. Finally, as no threshold for CD diagnosis has been agreed upon, a severity scale of mucosal disease activity has not been universally followed. None of the available activity indexes based on CE findings has been independently validated. This article discusses several cutting-edge aspects of the usefulness of CE in CD 10 years after its introduction as a sensible method to study the small intestine.

Small bowel video capsule endoscopy in Crohn’s disease: What have we learned in the last ten years?

PubMed Central

Lucendo, Alfredo J; Guagnozzi, Danila

2011-01-01

Since its introduction in 2001, capsule endoscopy (CE) has become the most important advance in the study of small bowel disease, including Crohn’s disease (CD). This technique has been demonstrated to be superior to all other current forms of radiological investigation in detecting mucosal abnormalities of small bowel nonstricturing CD. CE has proven to be extremely useful in diagnosing CD in patients with inconclusive findings from ileocolonoscopy and x-ray-based studies. Almost half of all patients with CD involving the ileum also present lesions in proximal intestinal segments, with the small bowel being exclusively involved in up to 30% of all CD cases. Despite the widespread use of CE, several questions concerning the utility of this technique remain unanswered. The lack of commonly agreed diagnostic criteria for defining CD lesions with the aid of CE may have had an influence on the variation in diagnostic results for CE reported in the literature. The utility of CE in monitoring CD and in guiding therapy has also been proposed. Furthermore, CE could be a useful second-line technique for patients with an established diagnosis of CD and unexplained symptoms. Finally, as no threshold for CD diagnosis has been agreed upon, a severity scale of mucosal disease activity has not been universally followed. None of the available activity indexes based on CE findings has been independently validated. This article discusses several cutting-edge aspects of the usefulness of CE in CD 10 years after its introduction as a sensible method to study the small intestine. PMID:21403813

Changes in the features of invasive pneumococcal disease after introduction of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in a regional core hospital of Kochi, Japan.

PubMed

Miyahara, Hiroyuki; Maruyama, Hidehiko; Kanazawa, Akane; Iwasaki, Yuka; Shigemitsu, Yusuke; Watanabe, Hirokazu; Tokorodani, Chiho; Miyazawa, Mari; Nakata, Yusei; Nishiuchi, Ritsuo; Kikkawa, Kiyoshi

2015-01-01

Since the introduction of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2007, invasive pneumococcal disease has declined, but the incidence of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A has risen worldwide. The present study examined changes in the features of invasive pneumococcal disease since the introduction of the PCV7 in Kochi, Japan. Pediatric cases of invasive pneumococcal disease were investigated before and after vaccine introduction (January 2008 to December 2013). Cases of invasive pneumococcal disease tended to decrease after PCV7 introduction. In addition, before introduction of the vaccine, most serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease were those included in the vaccine. However, after the introduction, we found cases infected by serotypes not covered by vaccine. Penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae was the predominant serotype causing invasive pneumococcal disease before introduction of the PCV7, and the susceptibility of this serotype to antibiotics improved after vaccine introduction. Serotype isolates identified after vaccine introduction were also relatively susceptible to antibiotic therapy, but decreased susceptibility is expected.

The equity dimension in evaluations of the quality and outcomes framework: a systematic review.

PubMed

Boeckxstaens, Pauline; Smedt, Delphine De; Maeseneer, Jan De; Annemans, Lieven; Willems, Sara

2011-08-31

Pay-for-performance systems raise concerns regarding inequity in health care because providers might select patients for whom targets can easily be reached. This paper aims to describe the evolution of pre-existing (in)equity in health care in the period after the introduction of the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) in the UK and to describe (in)equities in exception reporting. In this evaluation, a theory-based framework conceptualising equity in terms of equal access, equal treatment and equal treatment outcomes for people in equal need is used to guide the work. A systematic MEDLINE and Econlit search identified 317 studies. Of these, 290 were excluded because they were not related to the evaluation of QOF, they lacked an equity dimension in the evaluation, their qualitative research focused on experiences or on the nature of the consultation, or unsuitable methodology was used to pronounce upon equity after the introduction of QOF. None of the publications (n = 27) assessed equity in access to health care. Concerning equity in treatment and (intermediate) treatment outcomes, overall quality scores generally improved. For the majority of the observed indicators, all citizens benefit from this improvement, yet the extent to which different patient groups benefit tends to vary and to be highly dependent on the type and complexity of the indicator(s) under study, the observed patient group(s) and the characteristics of the study. In general, the introduction of QOF was favourable for the aged and for males. Total QOF scores did not seem to vary according to ethnicity. For deprivation, small but significant residual differences were observed after the introduction of QOF favouring less deprived groups. These differences are mainly due to differences at the practice level. The variance in exception reporting according to gender and socio-economic position is low. Although QOF seems not to be socially selective at first glance, this does not mean QOF does not contribute to the inverse care law. Introducing different targets for specific patient groups and including appropriate, non-disease specific and patient-centred indicators that grasp the complexity of primary care might refine the equity dimension of the evaluation of QOF. Also, information on the actual uptake of care, information at the patient level and monitoring of individuals' health care utilisation tracks could make large contributions to an in-depth evaluation. Finally, evaluating pay-for-quality initiatives in a broader health systems impact assessment strategy with equity as a full assessment criterion is of utmost importance.

The equity dimension in evaluations of the quality and outcomes framework: A systematic review

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Pay-for-performance systems raise concerns regarding inequity in health care because providers might select patients for whom targets can easily be reached. This paper aims to describe the evolution of pre-existing (in)equity in health care in the period after the introduction of the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) in the UK and to describe (in)equities in exception reporting. In this evaluation, a theory-based framework conceptualising equity in terms of equal access, equal treatment and equal treatment outcomes for people in equal need is used to guide the work. Methods A systematic MEDLINE and Econlit search identified 317 studies. Of these, 290 were excluded because they were not related to the evaluation of QOF, they lacked an equity dimension in the evaluation, their qualitative research focused on experiences or on the nature of the consultation, or unsuitable methodology was used to pronounce upon equity after the introduction of QOF. Results None of the publications (n = 27) assessed equity in access to health care. Concerning equity in treatment and (intermediate) treatment outcomes, overall quality scores generally improved. For the majority of the observed indicators, all citizens benefit from this improvement, yet the extent to which different patient groups benefit tends to vary and to be highly dependent on the type and complexity of the indicator(s) under study, the observed patient group(s) and the characteristics of the study. In general, the introduction of QOF was favourable for the aged and for males. Total QOF scores did not seem to vary according to ethnicity. For deprivation, small but significant residual differences were observed after the introduction of QOF favouring less deprived groups. These differences are mainly due to differences at the practice level. The variance in exception reporting according to gender and socio-economic position is low. Conclusions Although QOF seems not to be socially selective at first glance, this does not mean QOF does not contribute to the inverse care law. Introducing different targets for specific patient groups and including appropriate, non-disease specific and patient-centred indicators that grasp the complexity of primary care might refine the equity dimension of the evaluation of QOF. Also, information on the actual uptake of care, information at the patient level and monitoring of individuals' health care utilisation tracks could make large contributions to an in-depth evaluation. Finally, evaluating pay-for-quality initiatives in a broader health systems impact assessment strategy with equity as a full assessment criterion is of utmost importance. PMID:21880136

The end of the line: The relationship between New York City's subway system and residential class structure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rhindress, Mindy

Public money is necessary to build and maintain this country's vast network of mass transit systems and highways. Thus you would expect class equity in choices of infrastructure location, types of projects and pricing. However, the influence of commercial interests appears to create a contradictory effect, and may negatively influence the settlement patterns where transit serves. New York City and its subway system offered the perfect case study by which to examine the before and after effects of mass transit introduction given the enormous size of the transit system and the grand development of New York City that appeared to occur simultaneous to subway inauguration. The main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the growth of the New York City subway system and the establishment of class structure in residential patterns. Regional census data covering the first 16-year period of the subway's development was examined along with geographic statistics on subway line expansion and station openings. GIS (Geographic Information Systems) maps were used to illustrate the development of living spaces as a function of subway introduction into communities, and several Indices were computed to demonstrate the population growth and class disparity. The results revealed that the early years of transit development were entrepreneurial efforts coordinated by business interests. This led to transit first providing significant benefits mostly to the middle and upper classes, giving them a reasonable means by which to escape horrible tenement living conditions while turning a profit at the same time. Thus new settlements were stratified by class almost immediately after introduction. The cycle continued until years later when the automobile was introduced and the once expensive and luxurious, but now more reasonably priced and just functional, public transit system finally befit the population much lower on the socioeconomic scale. Class divisions still existed, but the subway's influence on this stratification decreased. The outcome of this study can provide important direction for new transportation projects that access public money by establishing guidelines to monitor business interests in new transit systems, while ensuring a fair pricing and land use policy.

Endogenous Lunar Volatiles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McCubbin, F. M.; Liu, Y.; Barnes, J. J.; Boyce, J. W.; Day, J. M. D.; Elardo, S. M.; Hui, H.; Magna, T.; Ni, P.; Tartese, R.;