High Intensity Proton Accelerator Project in Japan (J-PARC).

PubMed

Tanaka, Shun-ichi

2005-01-01

The High Intensity Proton Accelerator Project, named as J-PARC, was started on 1 April 2001 at Tokai-site of JAERI. The accelerator complex of J-PARC consists of three accelerators: 400 MeV Linac, 3 GeV rapid cycle synchrotron and 50 GeV synchrotron; and four major experimental facilities: Material and Life Science Facility, Nuclear and Particle Physics Facility, Nuclear Transmutation Experiment Facility and Neutrino Facility. The outline of the J-PARC is presented with the current status of construction.

A neutral-beam profile monitor with a phosphor screen and a high-sensitivity camera for the J-PARC KOTO experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matsumura, T.; Kamiji, I.; Nakagiri, K.; Nanjo, H.; Nomura, T.; Sasao, N.; Shinkawa, T.; Shiomi, K.

2018-03-01

We have developed a beam-profile monitor (BPM) system to align the collimators for the neutral beam-line at the Hadron Experimental Facility of J-PARC. The system is composed of a phosphor screen and a CCD camera coupled to an image intensifier mounted on a remote control X- Y stage. The design and detailed performance studies of the BPM are presented. The monitor has a spatial resolution of better than 0.6 mm and a deviation from linearity of less than 1%. These results indicate that the BPM system meets the requirements to define collimator-edge positions for the beam-line tuning. Confirmation using the neutral beam for the KOTO experiment is also presented.

Rod-filter-field optimization of the J-PARC RF-driven H{sup −} ion source

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ueno, A., E-mail: akira.ueno@j-parc.jp; Ohkoshi, K.; Ikegami, K.

2015-04-08

In order to satisfy the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) second-stage requirements of an H{sup −} ion beam of 60mA within normalized emittances of 1.5πmm•mrad both horizontally and vertically, a flat top beam duty factor of 1.25% (500μs×25Hz) and a life-time of longer than 1month, the J-PARC cesiated RF-driven H{sup −} ion source was developed by using an internal-antenna developed at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). Although rod-filter-field (RFF) is indispensable and one of the most beam performance dominative parameters for the RF-driven H{sup −} ion source with the internal-antenna, the procedure to optimize it is not established. Inmore » order to optimize the RFF and establish the procedure, the beam performances of the J-PARC source with various types of rod-filter-magnets (RFMs) were measured. By changing RFM’s gap length and gap number inside of the region projecting the antenna inner-diameter along the beam axis, the dependence of the H{sup −} ion beam intensity on the net 2MHz-RF power was optimized. Furthermore, the fine-tuning of RFM’s cross-section (magnetmotive force) was indispensable for easy operation with the temperature (T{sub PE}) of the plasma electrode (PE) lower than 70°C, which minimizes the transverse emittances. The 5% reduction of RFM’s cross-section decreased the time-constant to recover the cesium effects after an slightly excessive cesiation on the PE from several 10 minutes to several minutes for T{sub PE} around 60°C.« less

Maintenance and operation procedure, and feedback controls of the J-PARC RF-driven H{sup −} ion source

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ueno, A., E-mail: akira.ueno@j-parc.jp; Ohkoshi, K.; Ikegami, K.

2015-04-08

In order to satisfy the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) second stage requirements of an H{sup −} ion beam of 60mA within normalized emittances of 1.5πmm•mrad both horizontally and vertically, a flat top beam duty factor of 1.25% (500μs×25Hz) and a life-time of longer than 1month, the J-PARC cesiated RF-driven H{sup −} ion source was developed by using an internal-antenna developed at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). The maintenance and operation procedure to minimize the plasma chamber (PCH) replacement time on the beam line, which is very important to maximize the J-PARC beam time especially for an antenna failure,more » is presented in this paper. The PCH preserved by filling argon (Ar) gas inside after pre-conditioning including pre-cesiation to produce the required beam at a test-stand successfully produced the required beam on the beam line with slight addition of cesium (Cs). The methods of the feedback controls of a 2MHz-RF-matching, an H{sup −} ion beam intensity and the addition of Cs are also presented. The RF-matching feedback by using two vacuum variable capacitors (VVCs) and RF-frequency shift produced the almost perfect matching with negligibly small reflected RF-power. The H{sup −} ion beam intensity was controlled within errors of ±0.1mA by the RF-power feedback. The amount of Cs was also controlled by remotely opening a Cs-valve to keep the RF-power lower than a settled value.« less

Electron cloud simulations for the main ring of J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yee-Rendon, Bruce; Muto, Ryotaro; Ohmi, Kazuhito; Satou, Kenichirou; Tomizawa, Masahito; Toyama, Takeshi

2017-07-01

The simulation of beam instabilities is a helpful tool to evaluate potential threats against the machine protection of the high intensity beams. At Main Ring (MR) of J-PARC, signals related to the electron cloud have been observed during the slow beam extraction mode. Hence, several studies were conducted to investigate the mechanism that produces it, the results confirmed a strong dependence on the beam intensity and the bunch structure in the formation of the electron cloud, however, the precise explanation of its trigger conditions remains incomplete. To shed light on the problem, electron cloud simulations were done using an updated version of the computational model developed from previous works at KEK. The code employed the signals of the measurements to reproduce the events seen during the surveys.

Pre-conditioning procedure suitable for internal-RF-antenna of J-PARC RF-driven H{sup −} ion source

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ueno, A., E-mail: akira.ueno@j-parc.jp; Ohkoshi, K.; Ikegami, K.

The Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) cesiated RF-driven H{sup −} ion source has been successfully operated for about 1 yr. By the world brightest level beam, the J-PARC design beam power of 1 MW was successfully demonstrated. Although no internal-RF-antenna failure, except for the once caused by an excess cesium due to a misoperation, occurred in the operation, many antennas failed in pre-conditionings for the first hundred days. The antenna failure rate was drastically decreased by using an antenna with coating thicker than a standard value and the pre-conditioning procedure repeating 15 min 25 kW RF-power operation and impurity-gasmore » evacuation a few times, before the full power (50 kW) operation.« less

Bunch shape monitor development in J-PARC linac

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miura, A.; Tamura, J.; Liu, Y.; Miyao, T.

2017-07-01

In the linac at the Japan accelerator research complex (J-PARC), we decided to use bunch shape monitors (BSMs) as phase-width monitors. Both centroid-phase set point at the frequency jump from SDTL (324 MHz) to ACS (972 MHz) and phase-width control are key issues for suppressing excess beam loss. BSM was designed and developed at the Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia. Because the BSM was first used between acceleration cavities, we need to improve it to protect it from the leakage-magnetic field of the quadrupole magnets and from outgassing impacts on the cavities. In this paper, we introduce these improvements to the BSM for the adoption of the location nearby the acceleration cavities.

DESIGN OF SUPERCONDUCTING COMBINED FUNCTION MAGNETS FOR THE 50 GEV PROTON BEAM LINE FOR THE J-PARC NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

WANDERER,P.; ET AL.

2003-06-15

Superconducting combined function magnets will be utilized for the 50GeV-750kW proton beam line for the J-PARC neutrino experiment and an R and D program has been launched at KEK. The magnet is designed to provide a combined function with a dipole field of 2.59 T and a quadrupole field of 18.7 T/m in a coil aperture of 173.4 mm. A single layer coil is proposed to reduce the fabrication cost and the coil arrangement in the 2-D cross-section results in left-right asymmetry. This paper reports the design study of the magnet.

Pressure and temperature fluctuation simulation of J-PARC cryogenic hydrogen system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tatsumoto, H.; Ohtsu, K.; Aso, T.; Kawakami, Y.

2015-12-01

The J-PARC cryogenic hydrogen system provides supercritical cryogenic hydrogen to the moderators at a pressure of 1.5 MPa and temperature of 18 K and removes 3.8 kW of nuclear heat from the 1 MW proton beam operation. We prepared a heater for thermal compensation and an accumulator, with a bellows structure for volume control, to mitigate the pressure fluctuation caused by switching the proton beam on and off. In this study, a 1-D simulation code named DiSC-SH2 was developed to understand the propagation of pressure and temperature propagations through the hydrogen loop due to on and off switching of the proton beam. We confirmed that the simulated dynamic behaviors in the hydrogen loop for 300-kW and 500-kW proton beam operations agree well with the experimental data under the same conditions.

Cryogenic System for J-Parc Neutrino Superconducting Magnet Beam LINE—DESIGN, Construction and Performance Test

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Makida, Y.; Ohhata, H.; Okamura, T.; Suzuki, S.; Araoka, O.; Ogitsu, T.; Kimura, N.; Nakamoto, T.; Sasaki, K.; Kaneda, S.; Takahashi, T.; Ito, A.; Nagami, M.; Kumaki, T.; Nakashima, T.

2010-04-01

A helium cryogenic plant has been constructed in the proton accelerator research complex, J-PARC, to cool a string of superconducting magnets in the neutrino beam line since 2005. It consists of a screw compressor with a capacity of 160 g/s at 1.4 MPa, a 1.5 kW refrigerator, a centrifugal SHE pump with a flow rate of 300 g/s and peripherals. After system integration, performance tests have been carried out. In a preliminary cooling test without magnets, the cryogenic system attained a cooling capacity of 522 W by circulating supercritical helium flow of 300 g/s at 0.4 MPa and at 4.5 K. Afterwards a full system test with the magnets was carried out. The magnets were successfully charged up to an ultimate current of 5000 A beyond a nominal current of 4400 A. This paper describes the plant design and the result of performance measurements.

Thermal analysis of injection beam dump of high-intensity rapid-cycling synchrotron in J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamiya, J.; Saha, P. K.; Yamamoto, K.; Kinsho, M.; Nihei, T.

2017-10-01

The beam dump at the beam injection area in the J-PARC 3-GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) accepts beams that pass through the charge exchange foil without ideal electron stripping during the multi-turn beam injection. The injection beam dump consists of the beam pipe, beam stopper, radiation shield, and cooling mechanism. The ideal beam power into the injection beam dump is 400 W in the case of design RCS extraction beam power of 1 MW with a healthy foil, which has 99.7 % charge stripping efficiency. On the other hand, as a radiation generator, the RCS is permitted to be operated with maximum average beam power of 4 kW into the injection beam dump based on the radiation shielding calculation, in consideration of lower charge stripping efficiency due to the foil deterioration. In this research, to evaluate the health of the RCS injection beam dump system from the perspective of the heat generation, a thermal analysis was performed based on the actual configuration with sufficiently large region, including the surrounding concrete and soil. The calculated temperature and heat flux density distribution showed the validity of the mesh spacing and model range. The calculation result showed that the dumped 4 kW beam causes the temperature to increase up to 330, 400, and 140 °C at the beam pipe, beam stopper, and radiation shield, respectively. Although these high temperatures induce stress in the constituent materials, the calculated stress values were lower than the ultimate tensile strength of each material. Transient temperature analysis of the beam stopper, which simulated the sudden break of the charge stripper foil, demonstrated that one bunched beam pulse with the maximum beam power does not lead to a serious rise in the temperature of the beam stopper. Furthermore, from the measured outgassing rate of stainless steel at high temperature, the rise in beam line pressure due to additive outgassing from the heated beam pipe was estimated to have a negligible

Closeout Report - Search for Time Reversal Symmetry Violation with TREK at J-PARC

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kohl, Michael

2015-04-15

This DOE Early Career Award has enabled Dr. Michael Kohl to take on and expand his leadership roles in several projects such as TREK@J-PARC, OLYMPUS@DESY, MUSE@PSI, and in the experimental program in Hall C at Jefferson Lab. Dr. Kohl has successfully accomplished several items: (i) Preliminary results from SANE (E08-003) at Jefferson Lab: Former HU graduate student Anusha Liyanage has pursued her PhD research on SANE. Her analysis of the elastic ep scattering data has resulted in the extraction of the proton electric-to-magnetic form factor ratio from double spin asymmetries at the highest momentum transfer to date. The results aremore » almost final and a publication is in preparation. (ii) Approval of TREK/E36 for running, preparation of simulation and analysis: the TREK experiment has been stage-II approved in fall 2013, has been mounted on the hall floor from November 2014 to April 2015, has been commissioned in April-June 2015 and is scheduled to run in fall 2015. The group has contributed significantly with simulations and magnetic field map calculations, has investigated the sensitivity of TREK to new light neutral particles, and contributed substantially to the mounting and commissioning of the experiment. (iii) Running of OLYMPUS and analysis: Under Dr. Kohl's leadership as spokesman, the OLYMPUS experiment has completed data taking beginning of 2013; calibrations and analysis have been well underway, with results to be expected in the course of 2015. (iv) Operation of GEM detectors at OLYMPUS and MUSE: The GEM telescopes built for OLYMPUS luminosity monitoring with forward-angle ep elastic scattering have been operated successfully, have meanwhile been relocated to PSI, and have been re-commissioned as beam particle trackers for the PSI secondary beams for MUSE. (v) Trained and prepared postdocs and graduate students for their future careers. Two postdocs from Dr. Kohl's group (Dr. Juergen Diefenbach and Dr. Peter Monaghan) have found permanent academic

Birth of an intense pulsed muon source, J-PARC MUSE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miyake, Yasuhiro; Shimomura, Koichiro; Kawamura, Naritoshi; Strasser, Patrick; Makimura, Shunsuke; Koda, Akihiro; Fujimori, Hiroshi; Nakahara, Kazutaka; Kadono, Ryosuke; Kato, Mineo; Takeshita, Soshi; Nishiyama, Kusuo; Higemoto, Wataru; Ishida, Katsuhiko; Matsuzaki, Teiichiro; Matsuda, Yasuyuki; Nagamine, Kanetada

2009-04-01

The muon science facility (MUSE), along with neutron, hadron, and neutrino facilities, is one of the experimental areas of the J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) project, which was approved for construction between 2001 and 2008. The MUSE facility is located in the Materials and Life Science Facility (MLF), which is a building integrated to include both neutron and muon science programs. Construction of the MLF building was started at the beginning of 2004, and was recently completed at the end of the 2006 fiscal year. We have been working on the installation of the beamline components, expecting the first muon beam in the autumn of 2008. For Phase 1, we are planning to install one superconducting decay/surface channel with a modest-acceptance (about 40 mSr) pion injector, with an estimated surface muon (μ+) rate of 3×107/s and a beam size of 25 mm diameter, and a corresponding decay muon (μ+/μ-) rate of 106/s for 60 MeV/ c (up to 107/s for 120 MeV/ c) with a beam size of 50 mm diameter. These intensities correspond to more than 10-times what is available at the RIKEN/RAL muon facility, which currently possess the most intense pulsed muon beams in the world. In addition to Phase 1, we are planning to install, a surface muon channel with a modest-acceptance (about 50 mSr), mainly for experiments related to material sciences, and a super-omega muon channel with a large acceptance of 400 mSr. In the case of the super-omega muon channel, the goal is to extract 4×108 surface muons/s for the generation of ultra-slow muons and 1×107 negative cloud muons/s with a momentum of 30-60 MeV/ c. One of the important goals for this beamline is to generate intense ultra-slow muons at MUSE, utilizing an intense pulsed VUV laser system. 104-106 ultra-slow muons/s are expected, which will allow for an extension of μSR into the area of thin film and surface science. At this symposium, the current status of J-PARC MUSE will be reported.

Emittance measurements for optimum operation of the J-PARC RF-driven H{sup −} ion source

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ueno, A., E-mail: akira.ueno@j-parc.jp; Ohkoshi, K.; Ikegami, K.

2015-04-08

In order to satisfy the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) second stage requirements of an H{sup −} ion beam of 60mA within normalized emittances of 1.5πmm•mrad both horizontally and vertically, a flat top beam duty factor of 1.25% (500μs×25Hz) and a life-time of longer than 1month, the J-PARC cesiated RF-driven H{sup −} ion source was developed by using an internal-antenna developed at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). The transverse emittances of the source were measured with various conditions to find out the optimum operation conditions minimizing the horizontal and vertical rms normalized emittances. The transverse emittances were most effectivelymore » reduced by operating the source with the plasma electrode temperature lower than 70°C. The optimum value of the cesium (Cs) density around the beam hole of the plasma electrode seems to be proportional to the plasma electrode temperature. The fine control of the Cs density is indispensable, since the emittances seem to increase proportionally to the excessiveness of the Cs density. Furthermore, the source should be operated with the Cs density beyond a threshold value, since the plasma meniscus shape and the ellipse parameters of the transverse emittances seem to be changed step-function-likely on the threshold Cs value.« less

Physics potential of a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment using a J-PARC neutrino beam and Hyper-Kamiokande

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abe, K.; Aihara, H.; Andreopoulos, C.

Hyper-Kamiokande will be a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector with a total (fiducial) mass of 0.99 (0.56) million metric tons, approximately 20 (25) times larger than that of Super-Kamiokande. One of the main goals of Hyper-Kamiokande is the study of CP asymmetry in the lepton sector using accelerator neutrino and anti-neutrino beams. In this paper, the physics potential of a long baseline neutrino experiment using the Hyper-Kamiokande detector and a neutrino beam from the J-PARC proton synchrotron is presented. The analysis uses the framework and systematic uncertainties derived from the ongoing T2K experiment. With a total exposure of 7.5more » MW × 107 sec integrated proton beam power (corresponding to 1.56×1022 protons on target with a 30 GeV proton beam) to a 2.5-degree off-axis neutrino beam, it is expected that the leptonic CP phase δCP can be determined to better than 19 degrees for all possible values of δCP, and CP violation can be established with a statistical significance of more than 3σ (5σ) for 76% (58%) of the δCP parameter space. Using both νe appearance and νμ disappearance data, the expected 1σ uncertainty of sin2θ23 is 0.015(0.006) for sin2θ23=0.5(0.45).« less

Physics potential of a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment using a J-PARC neutrino beam and Hyper-Kamiokande

DOE PAGES

Abe, K.; Aihara, H.; Andreopoulos, C.; ...

2015-05-19

Hyper-Kamiokande will be a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector with a total (fiducial) mass of 0.99 (0.56) million metric tons, approximately 20 (25) times larger than that of Super-Kamiokande. One of the main goals of Hyper-Kamiokande is the study of CP asymmetry in the lepton sector using accelerator neutrino and anti-neutrino beams. In this paper, the physics potential of a long baseline neutrino experiment using the Hyper-Kamiokande detector and a neutrino beam from the J-PARC proton synchrotron is presented. The analysis uses the framework and systematic uncertainties derived from the ongoing T2K experiment. With a total exposure of 7.5more » MW × 107 sec integrated proton beam power (corresponding to 1.56×1022 protons on target with a 30 GeV proton beam) to a 2.5-degree off-axis neutrino beam, it is expected that the leptonic CP phase δCP can be determined to better than 19 degrees for all possible values of δCP, and CP violation can be established with a statistical significance of more than 3σ (5σ) for 76% (58%) of the δCP parameter space. Using both νe appearance and νμ disappearance data, the expected 1σ uncertainty of sin2θ23 is 0.015(0.006) for sin2θ23=0.5(0.45).« less

Ultra slow muon microscopy by laser resonant ionization at J-PARC, MUSE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miyake, Y.; Ikedo, Y.; Shimomura, K.; Strasser, P.; Kawamura, N.; Nishiyama, K.; Koda, A.; Fujimori, H.; Makimura, S.; Nakamura, J.; Nagatomo, T.; Kadono, R.; Torikai, E.; Iwasaki, M.; Wada, S.; Saito, N.; Okamura, K.; Yokoyama, K.; Ito, T.; Higemoto, W.

2013-04-01

As one of the principal muon beam line at the J-PARC muon facility (MUSE), we are now constructing a Muon beam line (U-Line), which consists of a large acceptance solenoid made of mineral insulation cables (MIC), a superconducting curved transport solenoid and superconducting axial focusing magnets. There, we can extract 2 × 108/s surface muons towards a hot tungsten target. At the U-Line, we are now establishing a new type of muon microscopy; a new technique with use of the intense ultra-slow muon source generated by resonant ionization of thermal Muonium (designated as Mu; consisting of a μ + and an e - ) atoms generated from the surface of the tungsten target. In this contribution, the latest status of the Ultra Slow Muon Microscopy project, fully funded, is reported.

New data acquisition system for beam loss monitor used in J-PARC main ring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Satou, K.; Toyama, T.; Kamikubota, N.; Yoshida, S.; Matsushita, J.; Wakita, T.; Sugiyama, M.; Morino, T.

2018-04-01

A new data acquisition system has been developed continually as a part of the development of a new beam loss monitor (BLM) system for the J-PARC main ring. This development includes a newly designed front-end isolation amp that uses photo-couplers and a VME-based new analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system. Compared to the old amp, the new amp has a 10 times higher conversion impedance for the input current to the output voltage; this value is 1 M Ω. Moreover, the bandwidth was improved to from DC to 50 kHz, which is about two orders of magnitude greater than the previously used bandwidth. The theoretical estimations made in this study roughly agree with the frequency response obtained for the new system. The new ADC system uses an on-board field-programmable gate array chip for signal processing. By replacing the firmware of this chip, changes pertaining to future accelerator upgrade plans may be introduced into the new ADC system; in addition, the ADC system can be used in other applications. The sampling speed of the system is 1 MS/s, and it exhibits a 95 dBc spurious-free dynamic range and 16.5 effective number of bits. The obtained waveform and integrated charge data are compared with two reference levels in the ADC system. If the data exceeds the reference level, the system generates an alarm to dump the beams. By using the new data acquisition system, it was proved that the new BLM system shows a wide dynamic range of 160 dB. In this study, the details of the new data acquisition system are described.

Polarization analysis for magnetic field imaging at RADEN in J-PARC/MLF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shinohara, Takenao; Hiroi, Kosuke; Su, Yuhua; Kai, Tetsuya; Nakatani, Takeshi; Oikawa, Kenichi; Segawa, Mariko; Hayashida, Hirotoshi; Parker, Joseph D.; Matsumoto, Yoshihiro; Zhang, Shuoyuan; Kiyanagi, Yoshiaki

2017-06-01

Polarized neutron imaging is an attractive method for visualizing magnetic fields in a bulk object or in free space. In this technique polarization of neutrons transmitted through a sample is analyzed position by position to produce an image of the polarization distribution. In particular, the combination of three-dimensional spin analysis and the use of a pulsed neutron beam is very effective for the quantitative evaluation of both field strength and direction by means of the analysis of the wavelength dependent polarization vector. Recently a new imaging instrument “RADEN” has been constructed at the beam line of BL22 of the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at J-PARC, which is dedicated to energy-resolved neutron imaging experiments. We have designed a polarization analysis apparatus for magnetic field imaging at the RADEN instrument and have evaluated its performance.

The TREK/E36 experiment at J-PARC

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kohl, M.; Collaboration: TREK Collaboration

2013-11-07

Experiment E36 is planned to run at the J-PARC K1.1BR kaon beamline in 2014-15 using a stopped kaon beam along with the TREK target and detector setup. The decay products of stopped positive kaons will be observed with a large-acceptance toroidal spectrometer capable of tracking charged particles with high resolution, combined with a photon calorimeter with large solid angle and redundant particle identification systems. With the aim to test lepton universality in the K{sub e2}/K{sub μ2} ratio with high precision, the experiment is highly sensitive to new physics beyond the Standard Model. A further goal of E36 is to searchmore » for a heavy sterile neutrino in two-body kaon decay, along with additional searches for exotic decay modes including the possibility to produce a dark photon and to observe its decay into an e{sup +}e{sup −} pair. An overview of the planned measurements with E36 will be presented.« less

Energy resolution of pulsed neutron beam provided by the ANNRI beamline at the J-PARC/MLF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kino, K.; Furusaka, M.; Hiraga, F.; Kamiyama, T.; Kiyanagi, Y.; Furutaka, K.; Goko, S.; Hara, K. Y.; Harada, H.; Harada, M.; Hirose, K.; Kai, T.; Kimura, A.; Kin, T.; Kitatani, F.; Koizumi, M.; Maekawa, F.; Meigo, S.; Nakamura, S.; Ooi, M.; Ohta, M.; Oshima, M.; Toh, Y.; Igashira, M.; Katabuchi, T.; Mizumoto, M.; Hori, J.

2014-02-01

We studied the energy resolution of the pulsed neutron beam of the Accurate Neutron-Nucleus Reaction Measurement Instrument (ANNRI) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex/Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (J-PARC/MLF). A simulation in the energy region from 0.7 meV to 1 MeV was performed and measurements were made at thermal (0.76-62 meV) and epithermal energies (4.8-410 eV). The neutron energy resolution of ANNRI determined by the time-of-flight technique depends on the time structure of the neutron pulse. We obtained the neutron energy resolution as a function of the neutron energy by the simulation in the two operation modes of the neutron source: double- and single-bunch modes. In double-bunch mode, the resolution deteriorates above about 10 eV because the time structure of the neutron pulse splits into two peaks. The time structures at 13 energy points from measurements in the thermal energy region agree with those of the simulation. In the epithermal energy region, the time structures at 17 energy points were obtained from measurements and agree with those of the simulation. The FWHM values of the time structures by the simulation and measurements were found to be almost consistent. In the single-bunch mode, the energy resolution is better than about 1% between 1 meV and 10 keV at a neutron source operation of 17.5 kW. These results confirm the energy resolution of the pulsed neutron beam produced by the ANNRI beamline.

Monitoring System for the Gold Target by Radiation Detectors in Hadron Experimental Facility at J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muto, Ryotaro; Agari, Keizo; Aoki, Kazuya; Bessho, Kotaro; Hagiwara, Masayuki; Hirose, Erina; Ieiri, Masaharu; Iwasaki, Ruri; Katoh, Yohji; Kitagawa, Jun-ichi; Minakawa, Michifumi; Morino, Yuhei; Saito, Kiwamu; Sato, Yoshinori; Sawada, Shin'ya; Shirakabe, Yoshihisa; Suzuki, Yoshihiro; Takahashi, Hitoshi; Tanaka, Kazuhiro; Toyoda, Akihisa; Watanabe, Hiroaki; Yamanoi, Yutaka

2017-09-01

At the Hadron Experimental Facility in J-PARC, we inject a 30-GeV proton beam into a gold target to produce secondary particle beams required for various particle and nuclear physics experiments. The gold target is placed in a hermetic chamber, and helium gas is circulated in the chamber to monitor the soundness of the target. The radioactivity in helium gas is continuously monitored by gamma-ray detectors such as a germanium detector and a NaI(Tl) detector. Beam operations with those target-monitoring systems were successfully performed from April to June and October to December 2015, and from May to June 2016. In this paper, the details of the helium gas circulation system and gamma-ray detectors and the analysis results of the obtained gamma-ray spectra are reported.

Capture Cross-section Measurement of 241Am(n,γ) at J-PARC/MLF/ANNRI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harada, H.; Ohta, M.; Kimura, A.; Furutaka, K.; Hirose, K.; Hara, K. Y.; Kin, T.; Kitatani, F.; Koizumi, M.; Nakamura, S.; Oshima, M.; Toh, Y.; Igashira, M.; Katabuchi, T.; Mizumoto, M.; Kino, K.; Kiyanagi, Y.; Fujii, T.; Fukutani, S.; Hori, J.; Takamiya, K.

2014-05-01

The 241Am(n, γ) 242Am cross sections have been measured for neutron energies between 0.01 and 10 eV using the Accurate Neutron-Nucleus Reaction measurement Instrument (ANNRI) installed at the Materials and Life-science experimental Facility (MLF) in J-PARC. ANNRI combines the strongest neutron-pulsed beam and a high energy resolution γ-ray spectrometer, making possible accurate measurements of neutron capture cross sections for highly radioactive samples. From the measured cross section, the Westcott neutron capture factor and strength of the first three resonances in 241Am are deduced. These results with precision less than 0.5 % are compared with those derived from JENDL-4.0.

Final design of the Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging System “RADEN” at J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shinohara, T.; Kai, T.; Oikawa, K.; Segawa, M.; Harada, M.; Nakatani, T.; Ooi, M.; Aizawa, K.; Sato, H.; Kamiyama, T.; Yokota, H.; Sera, T.; Mochiki, K.; Kiyanagi, Y.

2016-09-01

A new pulsed-neutron instrument, named the Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging System “RADEN”, has been constructed at the beam line of BL22 in the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) of J-PARC. The primary purpose of this instrument is to perform energy-resolved neutron imaging experiments through the effective utilization of the pulsed nature of the neutron beam, making this the world's first instrument dedicated to pulsed neutron imaging experiments. RADEN was designed to cover a broad energy range: from cold neutrons with energy down to 1.05 meV (or wavelength up to 8.8 Å) with a good wavelength resolution of 0.20% to high-energy neutrons with energy of several tens keV (or wavelength of 10-3 Å). In addition, this instrument is intended to perform state-of-the-art neutron radiography and tomography experiments in Japan. Hence, a maximum beam size of 300 mm square and a high L/D value of up to 7500 are provided.

Analysis of Hybrid Type Boron-Doped Carbon Stripper Foils in J-PARC RCS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamazaki, Y.; Yoshimoto, M.; Takeda, O.; Kinsho, M.; Taguchi, T.; Yamamoto, S.; Kurihara, T.; Sugai, I.

2013-03-01

J-PARC (Japan-Proton Accelerator Research Complex) requires a carbon stripper foil to strip electrons from the H- beam supplied by the linac before injection into the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) [1]. The foil thickness is about μm (200μg/cm2) corresponding to conversion efficiency of 99.7% from the primary H- beams of 181MeV energy to H+. We have successfully developed the Hybrid type thick Boron-doped Carbon (HBC) stripper foil, which showed a drastic improvement the lifetime without thickness reduction and shrinkage at the irradiated area. We started to study carbon stripper foils microscopically why carbon foils have considerable endurance for the beam impact by boron-doped. At first step, we made a comparison of ion irradiation effect between normal carbon and HBC by the electric microscope, ion-induced analysis. In particular, it seems that grain size of boron-rich area became much larger by irradiation for HBC. It was also observed that the boron-rich grain grew up by taking around material and generated pinholes more than 100 nm near itself consequently.

DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERCONDUCTING COMBINED FUNCTION MAGNETS FOR THE PROTON TRANSPORT LINE FOR THE J-PARC NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NAKAMOTO, T.; AJIMA, Y.; FUJII, Y.

2005-05-16

Superconducting combined function magnets will be utilized for the 50 GeV, 750 kW proton beam line for the J-PARC neutrino experiment. The magnet is designed to provide a dipole field of 2.6 T combined with a quadrupole field of 19 T/m in a coil aperture of 173.4 mm at a nominal current of 7345 A. Two full-scale prototype magnets to verify the magnet performance were successfully developed. The first prototype experienced no training quench during the excitation test and good field quality was confirmed.

Operational characteristics of the J-PARC cryogenic hydrogen system for a spallation neutron source

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tatsumoto, Hideki; Ohtsu, Kiichi; Aso, Tomokazu

2014-01-29

The J-PARC cryogenic hydrogen system provides supercritical hydrogen with the para-hydrogen concentration of more than 99 % and the temperature of less than 20 K to three moderators so as to provide cold pulsed neutron beams of a higher neutronic performance. Furthermore, the temperature fluctuation of the feed hydrogen stream is required to be within ± 0.25 K. A stable 300-kW proton beam operation has been carried out since November 2012. The para-hydrogen concentrations were measured during the cool-down process. It is confirmed that para-hydrogen always exists in the equilibrium concentration because of the installation of an ortho-para hydrogen convertor.more » Propagation characteristics of temperature fluctuation were measured by temporarily changing the heater power under off-beam condition to clarify the effects of a heater control for thermal compensation on the feed temperature fluctuation. The experimental data gave an allowable temperature fluctuation of ± 1.05 K. It is clarified through a 286-kW and a 524-kW proton beam operations that the heater control would be applicable for the 1-MW proton beam operation by extrapolating from the experimental data.« less

Measurement of the neutron capture resonances for platinum using the Ge spectrometer and pulsed neutron beam at the J-PARC/MLF/ANNRI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kino, Koichi; Hasemi, Hiroyuki; Kimura, Atsushi; Kiyanagi, Yoshiaki

2017-09-01

The neutron capture cross-section for platinum was measured at J-PARC/MLF/ANNRI. The intense pulsed neutron beam was impinging on a natural platinum foil sample and the emitted prompt γ-rays were detected by a Ge spectrometer. The peak energies of the low energy resonances for natural platinum are consistent with those of the JEFF-3.1.2, RUSFOND2010 and next-JENDL data libraries except for the 20-eV resonance. The resonance cross-sections of the next-JENDL library do not contradict the present measurements within the uncertainty of the absolute value of the present work. We analysed the prompt γ-ray spectrum and found a clear 7921.93 keV peak that originates from the transition from the 196Pt compound state to its ground state. The neutron capture cross-section for 195Pt was obtained by choosing events of this peak. The peak energies of most of the low energy resonances are almost consistent with those of the RUSFOND2010 and next-JENDL libraries. However, there was a disagreement for the 20-eV resonance.

Cross Section Measurements of the Radioactive 107Pd and Stable 105,108Pd Nuclei at J-PARC/MLF/ANNRI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakamura, S.; Kimura, A.; Kitatani, F.; Ohta, M.; Furutaka, K.; Goko, S.; Hara, K. Y.; Harada, H.; Hirose, K.; Kin, T.; Koizumi, M.; Oshima, M.; Toh, Y.; Kino, K.; Hiraga, F.; Kamiyama, T.; Kiyanagi, Y.; Katabuchi, T.; Mizumoto, M.; Igashira, M.; Hori, J.; Fujii, T.; Fukutani, S.; Takamiya, K.

2014-05-01

The measurements of the neutron-capture cross sections were performed for the radioactive 107Pd and stable 105,108Pd nuclei by the time-of flight method using an apparatus called “Accurate Neutron-Nucleus Reaction measurement Instrument (ANNRI)” installed at the neutron Beam Line No.4 of the Materials and Life science experimental Facility (MLF) in the J-PARC. The neutron-capture cross sections of 107Pd and 105,108Pd have been measured in the low energy region from the thermal to a few hundreds eV. From the measurements, new information was obtained for some resonances of these Pd nuclei.

Possibility of New Precise Measurements of Muonic Helium Atom HFS at J-PARC MUSE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strasser, P.; Shimomura, K.; Torii, H. A.

We propose the next generation of precision microwave spectroscopy measurements of the ground state hyperfine structure (HFS) of the muonic helium atom. The HFS interval is a sensitive tool to test three-body atomic system and bound-state QED theory as well as precise direct determination of the negative muon magnetic moment and hence its mass. Previous measurements performed in 1980s at PSI and LAMPF had uncertainties dominated by statistical errors. The new high-intensity pulsed negative muon beam at J-PARC MUSE give an opportunity to improve these measurements by nearly two orders of magnitude for the HFS interval, and almost tenfold for the negative muon mass, thus providing a more precise test of CPT invariance and determination of the negative counterpart of the anomalous g-factor for the existing BNL muon g-2 experiment. Both measurements at zero field and at high magnetic field are considered. An overview of the different aspects of these new muonic helium HFS measurements is presented.

Design of hydrogen vent line for the cryogenic hydrogen system in J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tatsumoto, Hideki; Aso, Tomokazu; Kato, Takashi; Ohtsu, Kiichi; Hasegawa, Shoichi; Maekawa, Fujio; Futakawa, Masatoshi

2009-02-01

As one of the main experimental facilities in J-PARC, an intense spallation neutron source (JSNS) driven by a 1-MW proton beam selected supercritical hydrogen at a temperature of 20 K and a pressure of 1.5 MPa as a moderator material. Moderators are controlled by a cryogenic hydrogen system that has a hydrogen relief system, which consists of high and low pressure stage of manifolds, a hydrogen vent line and a stack, in order to release hydrogen to the outside safely. The design of the hydrogen vent line should be considered to prevent purge nitrogen gas in the vent line from freezing when releasing the cryogenic hydrogen, to prevent moisture in the stack placed in an outdoor location from freezing, and to inhibit large piping temperature reduction at a building wall penetration. In this work, temperature change behaviors in the hydrogen vent line were analyzed by using a CFD code, STAR-CD. We determined required sizes of the vent line based on the analytical results and its layout in the building.

High intensity single bunch operation with heavy periodic transient beam loading in wide band rf cavities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tamura, Fumihiko; Hotchi, Hideaki; Schnase, Alexander; Yoshii, Masahito; Yamamoto, Masanobu; Ohmori, Chihiro; Nomura, Masahiro; Toda, Makoto; Shimada, Taihei; Hasegawa, Katsushi; Hara, Keigo

2015-09-01

The rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) was originally designed to accelerate two high intensity bunches, while some of neutron experiments in the materials and life science experimental facility and a muon experiment using main ring beams require a single bunch operation mode, in which one of the two rf buckets is filled and the other is empty. The beam intensity in the single bunch operation has been limited by longitudinal beam losses due to the rf bucket distortions by the wake voltage of the odd harmonics (h =1 ,3 ,5 ) in the wide band magnetic alloy cavities. We installed an additional rf feedforward system to compensate the wake voltages of the odd harmonics (h =1 ,3 ,5 ). The additional system has a similar structure as the existing feedforward system for the even harmonics (h =2 ,4 ,6 ). We describe the function of the feedforward system for the odd harmonics, the commissioning methodology, and the commissioning results. The longitudinal beam losses during the single bunch acceleration disappeared with feedforward for the odd harmonics. We also confirmed that the beam quality in the single bunch acceleration are similar to that of the normal operation with two bunches. Thus, high intensity single bunch acceleration at the intensity of 2.3 ×1013 protons per bunch has been achieved in the J-PARC RCS. This article is a follow-up of our previous article, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 14, 051004 (2011). The feedforward system extension for single bunch operation was successful.

Optimization study on structural analyses for the J-PARC mercury target vessel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guan, Wenhai; Wakai, Eiichi; Naoe, Takashi; Kogawa, Hiroyuki; Wakui, Takashi; Haga, Katsuhiro; Takada, Hiroshi; Futakawa, Masatoshi

2018-06-01

The spallation neutron source at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) mercury target vessel is used for various materials science studies, work is underway to achieve stable operation at 1 MW. This is very important for enhancing the structural integrity and durability of the target vessel, which is being developed for 1 MW operation. In the present study, to reduce thermal stress and relax stress concentrations more effectively in the existing target vessel in J-PARC, an optimization approach called the Taguchi method (TM) is applied to thermo-mechanical analysis. The ribs and their relative parameters, as well as the thickness of the mercury vessel and shrouds, were selected as important design parameters for this investigation. According to the analytical results of 18 model types designed using the TM, the optimal design was determined. It is characterized by discrete ribs and a thicker vessel wall than the current design. The maximum thermal stresses in the mercury vessel and the outer shroud were reduced by 14% and 15%, respectively. Furthermore, it was indicated that variations in rib width, left/right rib intervals, and shroud thickness could influence the maximum thermal stress performance. It is therefore concluded that the TM was useful for optimizing the structure of the target vessel and to reduce the thermal stress in a small number of calculation cases.

Stability test for power converters in high-powered operations for J-PARC MR main magnets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morita, Yuichi; Kurimoto, Yoshinori; Miura, Kazuki; Sagawa, Ryu; Shimogawa, Tetsushi

2017-10-01

The Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) aims at achieving a megawatt-class proton accelerator facility. One promising method for increasing the beam power is to shorten the repetition cycle of the main ring from the current cycle of 2.48 s to 1.3 s. In this scheme, however, the increase in the output voltage and the power variation of the electric system are serious concerns for the power supplies of the main magnets. We have been developing a new power supply that provides solutions to these issues. Recently, we proposed a new method for high-powered tests of the converter that does not require a large-scale load and power source. We carried out a high-powered test of ∼100 kVA for the prototype DC/DC converters of the new power supply with this method. This paper introduces the design of the power supply and the results of the high-powered test for the prototype DC/DC converters.

Cryogenic system for COMET experiment at J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ki, Taekyung; Yoshida, Makoto; Yang, Ye; Ogitsu, Toru; Iio, Masami; Makida, Yasuhiro; Okamura, Takahiro; Mihara, Satoshi; Nakamoto, Tatsushi; Sugano, Michinaka; Sasaki, Ken-ichi

2016-07-01

Superconducting conductors and cryogenic refrigeration are key factors in the accelerator science because they enable the production of magnets needed to control and detect the particles under study. In Japan, a system for COMET (Coherent Muon to Electron Transition), which will produce muon beam lines, is under the construction at J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex). The system consists of three superconducting magnets; the first is a pion-capture solenoid, the second is a muon-transport solenoid, and the third is a detector solenoid. It is necessary to cool down the magnets efficiently using two-phase helium and maintain them securely at 4.5 K. For stable cryogenic refrigeration of the magnets, a suitable cooling method, structures, and the irradiation effect on materials should be investigated. In this paper, we focus on the development of an overall cryogenic system for cooling the capture and transport solenoids. A conduction-cooling method is considered for cooling the capture and transport solenoids because of the advantages such as the reduction of total heat load, fewer components, and simplified structure. To supply cryogenic fluids (4.5 K liquid helium and 58 K gas helium) and currents to the conduction-cooled magnets subjected to high irradiation, cryogenic components (cooling paths in the magnets, transfer tubes, and a current lead box) are developed. Based on the environment of high irradiation, the conditions (temperature and pressure) of helium in cooling paths are estimated, as well as the temperature of the capture magnet. We develop a dynamic model for quench simulation and estimate the maximum pressure in the cooling pipe when the capture magnet quenches. We conclude with a discussion of the next steps and estimated challenges for the cryogenic system.

SU-F-J-179: Commissioning Dosimetric Data of a New 2.5 Megavoltage Imaging Beam from a TrueBeam Linear

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ding, G

2016-06-15

Purpose: Recently a new 2.5 megavoltage imaging beam has become available in a TrueBeam linear accelerator for image guidance. There is limited information available related to the beam characteristics. Commissioning dosimetric data of the new imaging is necessary for configuration of the beam in a treatment planning system in order to calculate imaging doses to patients resulting from this new imaging beam. The purpose of this study is to provide measured commissioning data recommended for a beam configuration in a treatment planning system. Methods: A recently installed TrueBeam linear accelerator is equipped with a new low energy photon beam withmore » a nominal energy of 2.5 MV which provides better image quality in addition to other therapeutic megavoltage beams. Dosimetric characteristics of the 2.5 MV are measured for commissioning. An ionization chamber was used to measure dosimetric data including depth-dose curves and dose profiles at different depths for field sizes ranging from 5×5 cm{sup 2} to 40×40 cm{sup 2}. Results: Although the new 2.5 MV beam is a flattening-filter-free (FFF) beam, its dose profiles are much flatter compared to a 6 MV FFF beam. The dose decrease at 20 cm away from the central axis is less than 30% for a 40×40 cm{sup 2} field. This moderately lower dose at off-axis distances benefits the imaging quality. The values of percentage depth-dose (PDD) curves are 53% and 63% for 10×10 cm{sup 2} and 40×40 cm{sup 2} fields respectively. The measured beam output is 0.85 cGy/MU for a reference field size at depth 5 cm obtained according to the AAPM TG-51 protocol. Conclusion: This systematically measured commissioning data is useful for configuring the new imaging beam in a treatment planning system for patient imaging dose calculations resulting from the application of this 2.5 MV beam which is commonly set as a default in imaging procedures.« less

Measurements and PHITS Monte Carlo Estimations of Residual Activities Induced by the 181 MeV Proton Beam in the Injection Area at J-PARC RCS Ring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamakawa, Emi; Yoshimoto, Masahiro; Kinsho, Michikazu

At the injection area of the RCS ring in the J-PARC, residual gamma dose at the rectangular ceramic ducts, especially immediately downstream of the charge-exchanged foil, has increased with the output beam power. In order to investigate the cause of high residual activities, residual gamma dose and radioactive sources produced at the exterior surface of the ducts have been measured by a GM survey meter and a handy type of Germanium (Ge) semiconductor detector in the case of 181 MeV injected proton beam energy. With these measurements, it is revealed that the radioactive sources produced by nuclear reactions cause the high activities at the injection area. For a better understanding of phenomena in the injection area, various simulations have been done with the PHITS Monte Carlo code. The distribution of radioactive sources and residual gamma dose rate obtained by the calculations are consistent with the measurement results. With this consistency, secondary neutrons and protons derived from nuclear reactions at the charge-exchanged foil are the dominant cause to high residual gamma dose at the ceramic ducts in the injection area. These measurements and calculations are unique approaches to reveal the cause of high residual dose around the foil. This study is essential for the future of high-intensity proton accelerators using a stripping foil.

Double-layer effects on the lifetime of newly developed HBC-foils for RCS of J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sugai, I.; Takeda, Y.; Oyaizu, M.; Kawakami, H.; Irie, Y.; Takagi, A.; Hattori, H.; Kawasaki, K.

2010-02-01

We have developed hybrid type boron-mixed carbon (HBC) foils for the rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) of Japan-proton accelerator research complex (J-PARC) using the controlled DC arc-discharge method. The method has been found suitable for the production of thick foils up to a maximum of 700 μg/cm 2 due to the strong adhesion to the substrate. The foils thus produced showed rather long lifetime. By the development, high-temperature damage (foil deformation, thickness reduction and pinhole formation) of the foil was significantly mitigated even at a temperature of approximately 1700 K. However, when the foil temperature was higher than about 1800 K, especially pinhole formation in the irradiated area of the foil and its peripheries were always observed. In order to relieve high-temperature damage, we investigated the possibility to lower the temperature rise in single and double layer HBC-foils while keeping the total thickness the same. We also compared the lifetime of the single and the double layer HBC-foils as well as diamond and commercially available foils, using a 3.2 MeV Ne + ion beam from the Van de Graaff accelerator.

Mass production of the large-sized nuclear plate for J-PARC E07

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ito, Hiroki; Nakazama, Kazuma; Hoshino, Kaoru; Yoshida, Jyunya; Tint, Khin Than; Soe, Mint Kyaw; Kinbara, Shinji; Mishina, Akihiro; Endo, Yoko; Kobayashi, Hidetaka; J-PARC E07 Collaboration

2014-09-01

In J-PARC E07, about 102 double lambda hypernuclei will be detected, which is 10 times or more than that of the KEK PS-E373 experiment. Therefore, it is necessary for large-scale emulsion plates to avoid time-consuming job for exchange emulsion stack in beam exposure. We also use huge amount of emulsion gel with weight of 2.1 t, which is about 3 times' quantity used for E373. Nuclear emulsion plate is made of photographic emulsion gel as a dry film. Melted gel in 40°C is poured on a thin polystyrene film in the size of 710 × 700 mm2. These sheets were dried slowly for two days in drying cabinet under 28°C and RH. 75%. After drying, the surface was coated by thin gelatin layer with 0.3 μm thickness. Regarding the 2nd face, it was poured and coated in the same manner. Finally we dry it well under 25°C and RH. 60% and cut into four 350 × 345 mm2 plates. We evaluated the performance about these plates. The length of upper, lower, right-hand and left-hand side are 345.08 +/- 0.05 mm, 345.23 +/- 0.13 mm, 350.03 +/- 0.04 mm, and 350.80 +/- 0.05 mm, respectively. The density is 3.676 +/- 0.032 g/cm3, enough quality for the experiment.

Beam dynamics design of the muon linac high-beta section

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kondo, Y.; Hasegawa, K.; Otani, M.; Mibe, T.; Yoshida, M.; Kitamura, R.

2017-07-01

A muon linac development for a new muon g-2 experiment is now going on at J-PARC. Muons from the muon beam line (H line) at the J-PARC muon science facility are once stopped in a silica-aerogel target, and room temperature muoniums are evaporated from the aerogel. They are dissociated with lasers, then accelerated up to 212 MeV using a linear accelerator. For the accelerating structure from 40 MeV, disk-loaded traveling-wave structure is applicable because the particle beta is more than 0.7. The structure itself is similar to that for electron linacs, however, the cell length should be harmonic to the increase of the particle velocity. In this paper, the beam dynamics design of this muon linac using the disk-loaded structure (DLS) is described.

Probing Strong Interaction with Kaonic Atoms — from DAΦNE to J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zmeskal, J.; Sato, M.; Bazzi, M.; Beer, G.; Berucci, C.; Bosnar, D.; Bragadireanu, M.; Buehler, P.; Cargnelli, M.; Clozza, A.; Curceanu, C.; D'uffizi, A.; Fabbietti, L.; Fiorini, C.; Ghio, F.; Golser, R.; Guaraldo, C.; Hashimoto, T.; Hayano, R. S.; Iliescu, M.; Itahashi, K.; Iwasaki, M.; Levi Sandri, P.; Marton, J.; Moskal, P.; Ohnishi, H.; Okada, S.; Outa, H.; Pietreanu, D.; Piscicchia, K.; Poli Lener, M.; Romero Vidal, A.; Sakuma, F.; Sbardella, E.; Scordo, A.; Shi, H.; Sirghi, D.; Sirghi, F.; Suzuki, K.; Tucakovic, I.; Vazquez Doce, O.; Widmann, E.

The study of the antikaon nucleon system at very low energies plays a key role to study strong interaction with strangeness, touching one of the fundamental problems in hadron physic today — the still unsolved question of how hadron masses are generated. Exotic atoms offer a unique possibility to determine s-wave kaon-nucleon scattering lengths at vanishing energy. At the DAΦNE electron positron collider of Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati in the SIDDHARTA experiment kaonic atoms were formed with Z = 1 (K-p) and Z = 2 (K-He), which were measured with up to now unrivalled precision. This experiment is taking advantage of the low-energy charged kaons from ϕ-mesons decaying nearly at rest. Finally, using the experience gained with SIDDHARTA, a proposal to measure kaonic deuterium for the first time was submitted to J-PARC with the goal to determine the isospin dependent scattering lengths, which is only possible by combining the K-p and the upcoming K-d results.

Numerical study of plasma generation process and internal antenna heat loadings in J-PARC RF negative ion source

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shibata, T., E-mail: shibat@post.j-parc.jp; Ueno, A.; Oguri, H.

A numerical model of plasma transport and electromagnetic field in the J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) radio frequency ion source has been developed to understand the relation between antenna coil heat loadings and plasma production/transport processes. From the calculation, the local plasma density increase is observed in the region close to the antenna coil. Electrons are magnetized by the magnetic field line with absolute magnetic flux density 30–120 Gauss which leads to high local ionization rate. The results suggest that modification of magnetic configuration can be made to reduce plasma heat flux onto the antenna.

C-band PARC manual

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Groot, J. S.

1992-05-01

Measurement results of radar cross section, crosstalk level, etc., of a C band Polarimetric Active Radar Calibrator (PARC), which is used to calibrate air and spaceborne radars commonly used in remote sensing, are reported. The results are used to infer guidelines for the use of this PARC. The PARC consists of a high gain amplifier connected between two linearly polarized horn antennas.

Multiharmonic rf feedforward system for compensation of beam loading and periodic transient effects in magnetic-alloy cavities of a proton synchrotron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tamura, Fumihiko; Ohmori, Chihiro; Yamamoto, Masanobu; Yoshii, Masahito; Schnase, Alexander; Nomura, Masahiro; Toda, Makoto; Shimada, Taihei; Hasegawa, Katsushi; Hara, Keigo

2013-05-01

Beam loading compensation is a key for acceleration of a high intensity proton beam in the main ring (MR) of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). Magnetic alloy loaded rf cavities with a Q value of 22 are used to achieve high accelerating voltages without a tuning bias loop. The cavity is driven by a single harmonic (h=9) rf signal while the cavity frequency response also covers the neighbor harmonics (h=8,10). Therefore the wake voltage induced by the high intensity beam consists of the three harmonics, h=8,9,10. The beam loading of neighbor harmonics is the source of periodic transient effects and a possible source of coupled bunch instabilities. In the article, we analyze the wake voltage induced by the high intensity beam. We employ the rf feedforward method to compensate the beam loading of these three harmonics (h=8,9,10). The full-digital multiharmonic feedforward system was developed for the MR. We describe the system architecture and the commissioning methodology of the feedforward patterns. The commissioning of the feedforward system has been performed by using high intensity beams with 1.0×1014 proteins per pulse. The impedance seen by the beam is successfully reduced and the longitudinal oscillations due to the beam loading are reduced. By the beam loading compensation, stable high power beam operation is achieved. We also report the reduction of the momentum loss during the debunching process for the slow extraction by the feedforward.

Rare Kaon Decays, KEK experiment E391 and E14 at the Japan Physics and Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wah, Yau Wai

2012-12-06

The goal of the J-PARC neutral kaon experiment (E14/KOTO) is to discover and measure the rate of the kaon rare decay to pi-zero and two neutrinos. This flavor changing neutral current decay proceeds through second-order weak interactions. Other, as yet undiscovered particles, which can mediate the decay could provide an enhancement (or depletion) to the branching ratio which in the Standard Model is accurately predicted within a few percent to be 2.8x10-11. The experiment is designed to observe more than 100 events at the Standard Model branching. It is a follow-up of the KEK E391a experiment and has stage-2 approvalmore » by J-PARC PAC in 2007. E14/KOTO has collaborators from Japan (Kyoto, Osaka, Yamagata, Saga), US (Arizona State, Chicago, Michigan Ann Arbor), Taiwan (National Taiwan), Korea, and Russia (Dubna). The experiment exploits the 300kW 30-50 GeV proton delivery of the J-PARC accelerator with a hermetic high acceptance detector with a fine grained Cesium Iodide (CsI) crystal calorimeter, and state of the art electronic front end and data acquisition system. With the recovery of the tsunami disaster on March 11th 2011, E14 is scheduled to start collecting data in December 2012. During the detector construction phase, Chicago focuses on the front end electronics readout of the entire detector system, particularly the CsI calorimeter. The CsI crystals together with its photomultipliers were previously used at the Fermilab KTeV experiment (E832/E799), and were loaned to E14 via this Chicago DOE support. The new readout electronics includes an innovative 10-pole pulse-shaping technique coupled with high speed digitization (14-bit 125MHz and 12-bit 500MHz). This new instrument enables us to measure both energy and timing, particularly with timing resolution better than 100 psec. Besides the cost saving by elimination of the standard time to digital converters, it is now possible to measure the momenta of the final state photons for additional background

SU-D-BRC-01: An Automatic Beam Model Commissioning Method for Monte Carlo Simulations in Pencil-Beam Scanning Proton Therapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Qin, N; Shen, C; Tian, Z

Purpose: Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is typically regarded as the most accurate dose calculation method for proton therapy. Yet for real clinical cases, the overall accuracy also depends on that of the MC beam model. Commissioning a beam model to faithfully represent a real beam requires finely tuning a set of model parameters, which could be tedious given the large number of pencil beams to commmission. This abstract reports an automatic beam-model commissioning method for pencil-beam scanning proton therapy via an optimization approach. Methods: We modeled a real pencil beam with energy and spatial spread following Gaussian distributions. Mean energy,more » and energy and spatial spread are model parameters. To commission against a real beam, we first performed MC simulations to calculate dose distributions of a set of ideal (monoenergetic, zero-size) pencil beams. Dose distribution for a real pencil beam is hence linear superposition of doses for those ideal pencil beams with weights in the Gaussian form. We formulated the commissioning task as an optimization problem, such that the calculated central axis depth dose and lateral profiles at several depths match corresponding measurements. An iterative algorithm combining conjugate gradient method and parameter fitting was employed to solve the optimization problem. We validated our method in simulation studies. Results: We calculated dose distributions for three real pencil beams with nominal energies 83, 147 and 199 MeV using realistic beam parameters. These data were regarded as measurements and used for commission. After commissioning, average difference in energy and beam spread between determined values and ground truth were 4.6% and 0.2%. With the commissioned model, we recomputed dose. Mean dose differences from measurements were 0.64%, 0.20% and 0.25%. Conclusion: The developed automatic MC beam-model commissioning method for pencil-beam scanning proton therapy can determine beam model parameters with

Beam scrubbing of beam pipes during the first commissioning of SuperKEKB

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suetsugu, Y.; Shibata, K.; Ishibashi, T.; Kanazawa, K.; Shirai, M.; Terui, S.; Hisamatsu, H.

2018-02-01

The first (Phase-1) commissioning of SuperKEKB-an electron-positron collider with asymmetric energies located at KEK, in Tsukuba, Japan-started in February 2016, after more than five years of upgrading work on KEKB, and successfully ended in June of the same year. This paper describes one major task of Phase-1 commissioning: beam scrubbing the surface of the beam pipes, to prepare them for a sufficiently long beam lifetime and low background noise in the next commissioning, when a new particle detector will be installed. The pressure rises per unit beam current (dP/dI [Pa A-1]) were continuously monitored, and the coefficient of photon-stimulated desorption (PSD), η [molecules photon-1], was evaluated in the arc sections. The value of η decreased steadily with the beam dose, as expected. For arc sections in the positron ring, where most of the beam pipes were newly fabricated, the decrease in η against the photon dose (D) was similar to that previously reported; that is: η ∝ D-0.5 ∼ 0.8. At high storage beam currents, the evolution of η was affected by gas desorption resulting from the multipacting of electrons-that is, the electron cloud effect (ECE), which is a phenomenon particular to high-intensity positron rings. For the arc sections in the electron ring, η also decreased smoothly with the photon dose D, approximately as ∝ D-0.8. Given that most of these beam pipes were reused from KEKB, the value of η was much lower than that of the positron ring, and also lower than that of the electron ring of KEKB from the early stages of D. This implies that the surface of the reused beam pipes remembered the conditions in the KEKB, which is a known memory effect. The results obtained for η are compared with those obtained in various other accelerators.

Beam commissioning and measurements validating the beam model in a new TPS that converts helical tomotherapy plans to step-and-shoot IMRT plans.

PubMed

Petersson, Kristoffer; Ceberg, Crister; Engström, Per; Knöös, Tommy

2011-01-01

A new type of treatment planning system called SHAREPLAN has been studied, which enables the transfer of treatment plans generated for helical tomotherapy delivery to plans that can be delivered on C-arm linacs. The purpose is to ensure continuous patient treatment during periods of unscheduled downtime for the TomoTherapy unit, particularly in clinics without a backup unit. The purpose of this work was to verify that the plans generated in this novel planning system are deliverable and accurate. The work consists primarily of beam commissioning, verification of the beam model, and measurements verifying that generated plans are deliverable with sufficient accuracy. The beam commissioning process involves input of general geometric properties of the modeled linac, profiles and depth dose curves for a specific photon nominal energy (6 MV), and the automated modeling of other beam properties. Some manual tuning of the beam model is required. To evaluate its accuracy, the confidence limit concept [J. Venselaar et al., "Tolerances for the accuracy of photon beam dose calculations of treatment planning systems," Radiother. Oncol. 60, 191-201 (2001)] was used, which is a method supported by ESTRO. Measurements were conducted with a 2D diode array at the commissioned linac as a final check of the beam model and to evaluate whether the generated plans were deliverable and accurate. The comparison and evaluation of calculated data points and measured data according to the method applied confirmed the accuracy of the beam model. The profiles had a confidence limit of 1.1% and the depth dose curves had a confidence limit of 1.7%, both of which were well below the tolerance limit of 2%. Plan specific QC measurements and evaluation verified that different plans generated in the TPS were deliverable with sufficient accuracy at the commissioned linac, as none of the 160 beams for the 20 different plans evaluated had a fraction of approved data points below 90%, the local clinical

First beam commissioning at BNL ERL SRF Gun

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Xu, W.; Altinbas, Z.; Belomestnykh, S.

The 704 MHz SRF gun successfully generated the first photoemission beam in November of 2014. The configurations of the test and the sub-systems are described.The latest results of SRF commissioning, including the cavity performance, cathode QE measurements, beam current/energy measurements, are presented in the paper.

RHIC BEAM ABORT KICKER POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM COMMISSIONING EXPERIENCE AND REMAINING ISSUES.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

ZHANG,W.; AHRENS,L.A.; MI,J.

2001-06-18

The RHIC Beam Abort Kicker Power Supply Systems commissioning experience and the remaining issues will be reported in this paper. The RHIC Blue Ring Beam Abort Kicker Power Supply System initial commissioning took place in June 1999. Its identical system in Yellow Ring was brought on line during Spring 2000. Each of the RHIC Beam Abort Kicker Power Supply Systems consists of five high voltage modulators and subsystems. These systems are critical devices for RHIC machine protection and environmental protection. They are required to be effective, reliable and operating with sufficient redundancy to safely abort the beam to its beammore » dump at the end of accumulation or at any time when they are commanded. To deflect 66 GeV ion beam to the beam absorbers, the RHIC Beam Abort Kicker Power Supply Systems were operated at 22 kV level. The RHIC 2000 commissioning run was very successful.« less

Performance of the PARCS Testbed Cesium Fountain Frequency Standard

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Enzer, Daphna G.; Klipstein, William M.

2004-01-01

A cesium fountain frequency standard has been developed as a ground testbed for the PARCS (Primary Atomic Reference Clock in Space) experiment, an experiment intended to fly on the International Space Station. We report on the performance of the fountain and describe some of the implementations motivated in large part by flight considerations, but of relevance for ground fountains. In particular, we report on a new technique for delivering cooling and trapping laser beams to the atom collection region, in which a given beam is recirculated three times effectively providing much more optical power than traditional configurations. Allan deviations down to 10 have been achieved with this method.

Target diagnostics for commissioning the AWE HELEN Laser Facility 100 TW chirped pulse amplification beam

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Eagleton, R. T.; Clark, E. L.; Davies, H. M.

2006-10-15

The capability of the HELEN laser at the Atomic Weapons Establishment Aldermaston has been enhanced by the addition of a short-pulse laser beam to augment the twin opposing nanosecond time scale beams. The short-pulse beam utilizes the chirped pulse amplification (CPA) technique and is capable of delivering up to 60 J on target in a 500 fs pulse, around 100 TW, at the fundamental laser wavelength of 1.054 {mu}m. During the commissioning phase a number of diagnostic systems have been fielded, these include: x-ray pinhole imaging of the laser heated spot, charged particle time of flight, thermoluminescent dosimeter array, calibratedmore » radiochromic film, and CR39 nuclear track detector. These diagnostic systems have been used to verify the performance of the CPA beam to achieve a focused intensity of around 10{sup 19} W cm{sup -2} and to underwrite the facility radiological safety system.« less

PARCS-Primary Atomic Reference Clock in Space

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ashby, Neil

2000-04-01

The purpose of the PARCS project is to place an advanced Cesium clock on the International Space Station (ISS). The project has been approved by NASA at the level of Science Concept Review. Groups at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, University of Colorado, and Harvard-Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, University of Torino are collaborating on clock design and construction. The microgravity space environment allows laser-cooled Cs atoms to spend longer times in the beam, resulting in improved clock performance. Clock stabilities of 3 × 10-14 at one second and accuracies of 1 × 10-16 are projected. With improved clock performance, significant improvements in several fundamental special and general relativity experiments are expected. For an ISS orbit at 400 km altitude and eccentricity 0.02, the gravitational frequency shift should be measureable about 35 times better than the previous best, Gravity Probe A. Improvements in testing Local Position Invariance and in a Kennedy-Thorndike experiment are expected. Areas of technology such as world-wide timing and time transfer and navigation will also directly benefit from such a high-performance clock in space. This paper will briefly describe the PARCS clock. The principal limitations on performance of relativity experiments, scientific objectives and benefits, and projected outcomes, will be discussed.

Characterization of germanium detectors for the measurement of the angular distribution of prompt γ-rays at the ANNRI in the MLF of the J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takada, S.; Okudaira, T.; Goto, F.; Hirota, K.; Kimura, A.; Kitaguchi, M.; Koga, J.; Nakao, T.; Sakai, K.; Shimizu, H. M.; Yamamoto, T.; Yoshioka, T.

2018-02-01

In this study, the germanium detector assembly, installed at the Accurate Neutron-Nuclear Reaction measurement Instruments (ANNRI) in the Material and Life Science Facility (MLF) operated by the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), has been characterized for extension to the measurement of the angular distribution of individual γ-ray transitions from neutron-induced compound states. We have developed a Monte Carlo simulation code using the GEANT4 toolkit, which can reproduce the pulse-height spectra of γ-rays from radioactive sources and (n,γ) reactions. The simulation is applicable to the measurement of γ-rays in the energy region of 0.5-11.0 MeV.

Beam commissioning of a superconducting rotating-gantry for carbon-ion radiotherapy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iwata, Y.; Fujimoto, T.; Matsuba, S.; Fujita, T.; Sato, S.; Furukawa, T.; Hara, Y.; Mizushima, K.; Saraya, Y.; Tansho, R.; Saotome, N.; Shirai, T.; Noda, K.

2016-10-01

A superconducting rotating-gantry for carbon-ion radiotherapy was developed. This isocentric gantry can transport carbon ions having kinetic energies of between E=430 and 48 MeV/u to an isocenter over an angle of ±180°, and is further capable of performing three-dimensional raster-scanning irradiation. Construction of the entire rotating-gantry system was completed by the end of September 2015. Prior to beam commissioning, phase-space distributions of extracted carbon beams from the synchrotron were deduced by using an empirical method. In this method, phase-space distributions at the extraction channel of the synchrotron were modeled with 8 parameters, and the best parameters were determined so as to minimize a difference between the calculated and measured beam profiles by using a simplex method. Based on the phase-space distributions, beam optics through the beam-transport lines as well as the rotating gantry were designed. Since horizontal and vertical beam emittances, as extracted slowly from the synchrotron, generally differ with each other, a horizontal-vertical beam coupling would occur when the gantry rotates. Thus, the size and shape of beam spots at the isocenter should vary depending on the gantry angle. To compensate for the difference in the emittances, we employed a method to utilize multiple Coulomb scattering of the beam particles by a thin scatterer. Having compensated for the emittances and designed beam optics through the rotating gantry, beam commissioning over various combinations of gantry angles and beam energies was performed. By finely tuning the superconducting quadrupoles of the rotating gantry, we could successfully obtain the designed beam quality, which satisfies the requirements of scanning irradiation.

26 CFR 31.3402(j)-1 - Remuneration other than in cash for service performed by retail commission salesman.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... performed by retail commission salesman. 31.3402(j)-1 Section 31.3402(j)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE... Remuneration other than in cash for service performed by retail commission salesman. (a) In general. (1) An... the employee as a retail commission salesman and (ii) the employer ordinarily pays the employee...

26 CFR 31.3402(j)-1 - Remuneration other than in cash for service performed by retail commission salesman.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... performed by retail commission salesman. 31.3402(j)-1 Section 31.3402(j)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE... Remuneration other than in cash for service performed by retail commission salesman. (a) In general. (1) An... the employee as a retail commission salesman and (ii) the employer ordinarily pays the employee...

26 CFR 31.3402(j)-1 - Remuneration other than in cash for service performed by retail commission salesman.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... performed by retail commission salesman. 31.3402(j)-1 Section 31.3402(j)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE... Remuneration other than in cash for service performed by retail commission salesman. (a) In general. (1) An... the employee as a retail commission salesman and (ii) the employer ordinarily pays the employee...

26 CFR 31.3402(j)-1 - Remuneration other than in cash for service performed by retail commission salesman.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... performed by retail commission salesman. 31.3402(j)-1 Section 31.3402(j)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE... Remuneration other than in cash for service performed by retail commission salesman. (a) In general. (1) An... the employee as a retail commission salesman and (ii) the employer ordinarily pays the employee...

Beam commissioning for a superconducting proton linac

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Zhi-Jun; He, Yuan; Jia, Huan; Dou, Wei-ping; Chen, Wei-long; Zhang, X. L.; Liu, Shu-hui; Feng, Chi; Tao, Yue; Wang, Wang-sheng; Wu, Jian-qiang; Zhang, Sheng-hu; Zhao, Hong-Wei

2016-12-01

To develop the next generation of safe and cleaner nuclear energy, the accelerator-driven subcritical (ADS) system emerges as one of the most attractive technologies. It will be able to transmute the long-lived transuranic radionuclides produced in the reactors of today's nuclear power plants into shorter-lived ones, and also it will provide positive energy output at the same time. The prototype of the Chinese ADS (C-ADS) proton accelerator comprises two injectors and a 1.5 GeV, 10 mA continuous wave (CW) superconducting main linac. The injector scheme II at the C-ADS demo facility inside the Institute of Modern Physics is a 10 MeV CW superconducting linac with a designed beam current of 10 mA, which includes an ECR ion source, a low-energy beam transport line, a 162.5 MHz radio frequency quadrupole accelerator, a medium-energy beam transport line, and a superconducting half wave resonator accelerator section. This demo facility has been successfully operating with an 11 mA, 2.7 MeV CW beam and a 3.9 mA, 4.3 MeV CW beam at different times and conditions since June 2014. The beam power has reached 28 kW, which is the highest record for the same type of linear accelerators. In this paper, the parameters of the test injector II and the progress of the beam commissioning are reported.

Commissioning of BL 7.2, the new diagnostic beam line at the ALS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sannibale, Fernando; Baum, Dennis; Biocca, Alan

2004-06-29

BL 7.2 is a new beamline at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) dedicated to electron beam diagnostics. The system, which is basically a hard x-ray pinhole camera, was installed in the storage ring in August 2003 and commissioning with the ALS electron beam followed immediately after. In this paper the commissioning results are presented together with the description of the relevant measurements performed for the beamline characterization.

Surface production dominating Cs-free H- ion source for high intensity and high energy proton accelerators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ueno, Akira; Ikegami, Kiyoshi; Kondo, Yasuhiro

2004-05-01

A Cs-free negative hydrogen (H-) ion source driven by pulsed arc plasma with a LaB6 filament is being operated for the beam tests of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) linac. A peak H- current of 38 mA, which exceeds the requirement of the J-PARC first stage, is stably extracted from the ion source with a beam duty factor of 0.9% (360 μs×25 Hz) by principally optimizing the surface condition and shape of the plasma electrode. The sufficiently small emittance of the beam was confirmed by high transmission efficiency (around 90%) through the following 324 MHz 3 MeV J-PARC radio frequency quadrupole linac (M. Ikegami et al., Proc. 2003 Part. Accel. Conf. 2003, p. 1509). The process of the optimization, which confirms the validity of hypothesis that H- ions are produced by surface reaction on a Mo plasma electrode dominantly in the ion source, is presented.

PIP-II Injector Test’s Low Energy Beam Transport: Commissioning and Selected Measurements

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shemyakin, A.; Alvarez, M.; Andrews, R.

2016-09-16

The PIP2IT test accelerator is under construction at Fermilab. Its ion source and Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) in its initial (straight) configuration have been commissioned to full specification parameters. This paper introduces the LEBT design and summarizes the outcome of the commissioning activities.

SU-F-T-428: An Optimization-Based Commissioning Tool for Finite Size Pencil Beam Dose Calculations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, Y; Tian, Z; Song, T

Purpose: Finite size pencil beam (FSPB) algorithms are commonly used to pre-calculate the beamlet dose distribution for IMRT treatment planning. FSPB commissioning, which usually requires fine tuning of the FSPB kernel parameters, is crucial to the dose calculation accuracy and hence the plan quality. Yet due to the large number of beamlets, FSPB commissioning could be very tedious. This abstract reports an optimization-based FSPB commissioning tool we have developed in MatLab to facilitate the commissioning. Methods: A FSPB dose kernel generally contains two types of parameters: the profile parameters determining the dose kernel shape, and a 2D scaling factors accountingmore » for the longitudinal and off-axis corrections. The former were fitted using the penumbra of a reference broad beam’s dose profile with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Since the dose distribution of a broad beam is simply a linear superposition of the dose kernel of each beamlet calculated with the fitted profile parameters and scaled using the scaling factors, these factors could be determined by solving an optimization problem which minimizes the discrepancies between the calculated dose of broad beams and the reference dose. Results: We have commissioned a FSPB algorithm for three linac photon beams (6MV, 15MV and 6MVFFF). Dose of four field sizes (6*6cm2, 10*10cm2, 15*15cm2 and 20*20cm2) were calculated and compared with the reference dose exported from Eclipse TPS system. For depth dose curves, the differences are less than 1% of maximum dose after maximum dose depth for most cases. For lateral dose profiles, the differences are less than 2% of central dose at inner-beam regions. The differences of the output factors are within 1% for all the three beams. Conclusion: We have developed an optimization-based commissioning tool for FSPB algorithms to facilitate the commissioning, providing sufficient accuracy of beamlet dose calculation for IMRT optimization.« less

Event Recording Data Acquisition System and Experiment Data Management System for Neutron Experiments at MLF, J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakatani, T.; Inamura, Y.; Moriyama, K.; Ito, T.; Muto, S.; Otomo, T.

Neutron scattering can be a powerful probe in the investigation of many phenomena in the materials and life sciences. The Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is a leading center of experimental neutron science and boasts one of the most intense pulsed neutron sources in the world. The MLF currently has 18 experimental instruments in operation that support a wide variety of users from across a range of research fields. The instruments include optical elements, sample environment apparatus and detector systems that are controlled and monitored electronically throughout an experiment. Signals from these components and those from the neutron source are converted into a digital format by the data acquisition (DAQ) electronics and recorded as time-tagged event data in the DAQ computers using "DAQ-Middleware". Operating in event mode, the DAQ system produces extremely large data files (˜GB) under various measurement conditions. Simultaneously, the measurement meta-data indicating each measurement condition is recorded in XML format by the MLF control software framework "IROHA". These measurement event data and meta-data are collected in the MLF common storage and cataloged by the MLF Experimental Database (MLF EXP-DB) based on a commercial XML database. The system provides a web interface for users to manage and remotely analyze experimental data.

Serum PARC/CCL-18 concentrations and health outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PubMed

Sin, Don D; Miller, Bruce E; Duvoix, Annelyse; Man, S F Paul; Zhang, Xuekui; Silverman, Edwin K; Connett, John E; Anthonisen, Nicholas A; Wise, Robert A; Tashkin, Donald; Celli, Bartolome R; Edwards, Lisa D; Locantore, Nicholas; Macnee, William; Tal-Singer, Ruth; Lomas, David A

2011-05-01

There are no accepted blood-based biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC/CCL-18) is a lung-predominant inflammatory protein that is found in serum. To determine whether PARC/CCL-18 levels are elevated and modifiable in COPD and to determine their relationship to clinical end points of hospitalization and mortality. PARC/CCL-18 was measured in serum samples from individuals who participated in the ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints) and LHS (Lung Health Study) studies and a prednisolone intervention study. Serum PARC/CCL-18 levels were higher in subjects with COPD than in smokers or lifetime nonsmokers without COPD (105 vs. 81 vs. 80 ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.0001). Elevated PARC/CCL-18 levels were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular hospitalization or mortality in the LHS cohort and with total mortality in the ECLIPSE cohort. Serum PARC/CCL-18 levels are elevated in COPD and track clinical outcomes. PARC/CCL-18, a lung-predominant chemokine, could be a useful blood biomarker in COPD.

Commissioning and First Results of the Electron Beam Profiler in the Main Injector at Fermilab

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Thurman-Keup, R.; Alvarez, M.; Fitzgerald, J.

2017-08-01

The planned neutrino program at Fermilab requires large proton beam intensities in excess of 2 MW. Measuring the transverse profiles of these high intensity beams is challenging and often depends on non-invasive techniques. One such technique involves measuring the deflection of a probe beam of electrons with a trajectory perpendicular to the proton beam. A device such as this is already in use at the Spallation Neutron Source at ORNL and a similar device has been installed in the Main Injector at Fermilab. Commissioning of the device is in progress with the goal of having it operational by the endmore » of the year. The status of the commissioning and initial results will be presented« less

The Modeling of Advanced BWR Fuel Designs with the NRC Fuel Depletion Codes PARCS/PATHS

DOE PAGES

Ward, Andrew; Downar, Thomas J.; Xu, Y.; ...

2015-04-22

The PATHS (PARCS Advanced Thermal Hydraulic Solver) code was developed at the University of Michigan in support of U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission research to solve the steady-state, two-phase, thermal-hydraulic equations for a boiling water reactor (BWR) and to provide thermal-hydraulic feedback for BWR depletion calculations with the neutronics code PARCS (Purdue Advanced Reactor Core Simulator). The simplified solution methodology, including a three-equation drift flux formulation and an optimized iteration scheme, yields very fast run times in comparison to conventional thermal-hydraulic systems codes used in the industry, while still retaining sufficient accuracy for applications such as BWR depletion calculations. Lastly, themore » capability to model advanced BWR fuel designs with part-length fuel rods and heterogeneous axial channel flow geometry has been implemented in PATHS, and the code has been validated against previously benchmarked advanced core simulators as well as BWR plant and experimental data. We describe the modifications to the codes and the results of the validation in this paper.« less

Serum PARC/CCL-18 Concentrations and Health Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

PubMed Central

Sin, Don D.; Miller, Bruce E.; Duvoix, Annelyse; Man, S. F. Paul; Zhang, Xuekui; Silverman, Edwin K.; Connett, John E.; Anthonisen, Nicholas A.; Wise, Robert A.; Tashkin, Donald; Celli, Bartolome R.; Edwards, Lisa D.; Locantore, Nicholas; MacNee, William; Tal-Singer, Ruth; Lomas, David A.

2011-01-01

Rationale: There are no accepted blood-based biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC/CCL-18) is a lung-predominant inflammatory protein that is found in serum. Objectives: To determine whether PARC/CCL-18 levels are elevated and modifiable in COPD and to determine their relationship to clinical end points of hospitalization and mortality. Methods: PARC/CCL-18 was measured in serum samples from individuals who participated in the ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints) and LHS (Lung Health Study) studies and a prednisolone intervention study. Measurements and Main Results: Serum PARC/CCL-18 levels were higher in subjects with COPD than in smokers or lifetime nonsmokers without COPD (105 vs. 81 vs. 80 ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.0001). Elevated PARC/CCL-18 levels were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular hospitalization or mortality in the LHS cohort and with total mortality in the ECLIPSE cohort. Conclusions: Serum PARC/CCL-18 levels are elevated in COPD and track clinical outcomes. PARC/CCL-18, a lung-predominant chemokine, could be a useful blood biomarker in COPD. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00292552). PMID:21216880

Notification: Audit of Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission Puget Sound Protection and Restoration Implementation Grant Nos. PA00J32201 and PA00J91201

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Project #OA-FY16-0176, May 13, 2016. The EPA OIG plans to begin preliminary research on an audit of the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission (NWIFC) Puget Sound Protection and Restoration Implementation Grant Nos. PA00J32201 and PA00J91201.

Naval Research Laboratory Multiscale Targeting Guidance for T-PARC and TCS-08

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

Naval Research Laboratory Multiscale Targeting Guidance for T- PARC and TCS-08 CAROLYN A. REYNOLDS AND JAMES D. DOYLE Marine Meteorology Division...of The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T- PARC ) and the Office of Naval Research’s...These products were produced with 24-, 36-, and 48-h lead times. The nonhydrostatic adjoint system used during T- PARC /TCS-08 contains an exact adjoint to

SU-E-T-577: Commissioning of a Deterministic Algorithm for External Photon Beams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhu, T; Finlay, J; Mesina, C

Purpose: We report commissioning results for a deterministic algorithm for external photon beam treatment planning. A deterministic algorithm solves the radiation transport equations directly using a finite difference method, thus improve the accuracy of dose calculation, particularly under heterogeneous conditions with results similar to that of Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Methods: Commissioning data for photon energies 6 – 15 MV includes the percentage depth dose (PDD) measured at SSD = 90 cm and output ratio in water (Spc), both normalized to 10 cm depth, for field sizes between 2 and 40 cm and depths between 0 and 40 cm. Off-axismore » ratio (OAR) for the same set of field sizes was used at 5 depths (dmax, 5, 10, 20, 30 cm). The final model was compared with the commissioning data as well as additional benchmark data. The benchmark data includes dose per MU determined for 17 points for SSD between 80 and 110 cm, depth between 5 and 20 cm, and lateral offset of up to 16.5 cm. Relative comparisons were made in a heterogeneous phantom made of cork and solid water. Results: Compared to the commissioning beam data, the agreement are generally better than 2% with large errors (up to 13%) observed in the buildup regions of the FDD and penumbra regions of the OAR profiles. The overall mean standard deviation is 0.04% when all data are taken into account. Compared to the benchmark data, the agreements are generally better than 2%. Relative comparison in heterogeneous phantom is in general better than 4%. Conclusion: A commercial deterministic algorithm was commissioned for megavoltage photon beams. In a homogeneous medium, the agreement between the algorithm and measurement at the benchmark points is generally better than 2%. The dose accuracy for a deterministic algorithm is better than a convolution algorithm in heterogeneous medium.« less

Development of time projection chamber for precise neutron lifetime measurement using pulsed cold neutron beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arimoto, Y.; Higashi, N.; Igarashi, Y.; Iwashita, Y.; Ino, T.; Katayama, R.; Kitaguchi, M.; Kitahara, R.; Matsumura, H.; Mishima, K.; Nagakura, N.; Oide, H.; Otono, H.; Sakakibara, R.; Shima, T.; Shimizu, H. M.; Sugino, T.; Sumi, N.; Sumino, H.; Taketani, K.; Tanaka, G.; Tanaka, M.; Tauchi, K.; Toyoda, A.; Tomita, T.; Yamada, T.; Yamashita, S.; Yokoyama, H.; Yoshioka, T.

2015-11-01

A new time projection chamber (TPC) was developed for neutron lifetime measurement using a pulsed cold neutron spallation source at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). Managing considerable background events from natural sources and the beam radioactivity is a challenging aspect of this measurement. To overcome this problem, the developed TPC has unprecedented features such as the use of polyether-ether-ketone plates in the support structure and internal surfaces covered with 6Li-enriched tiles to absorb outlier neutrons. In this paper, the design and performance of the new TPC are reported in detail.

Science Goals for the PARCS mission on the International Space Station

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ashby, Neil; Hollberg, Leo; Jefferts, Steven; Klipstein, William; Seidel, David; Sullivan, Donald

2003-05-01

The PARCS (Primary Atomic Reference Clock in Space) experiment will use a laser-cooled cesium atomic clock operating in the microgravity environment aboard the International Space Station (ISS) to provide both advanced tests of gravitational theory and to demonstrate a new cold-atom clock technology for space. This presentation concentrates on the scientific goals of the PARCS mission. The microgravity space environment allows laser-cooled Cs atoms to have Ramsey times in excess of those feasible on Earth, resulting in improved clock performance. Clock stabilities of 5×10-14 at one second, and uncertainties below 10-16 are projected. The relativistic frequency shift should be measurable at least 40 times better than the previous best measurement made by Gravity Probe A. Significant improvements in testing fundamental assumptions of relativity theory, such as local position invariance (LPI), are expected. PARCS is scheduled for launch in 2007 and may very well fly with the Stanford superconducting microwave oscillator (SUMO) which will allow a Kennedy-Thorndike-type experiment with an improvement of better than three orders of magnitude compared to previous best results. PARCS will also provide a much-improved realization of the second, and a stable time reference in space. PARCS is a joint project by the National Institue of Standards and Technology (NIST), the University of Colorado (CU) and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).

The Development of a Pirani Vacuum Gauge with a Platinum Wire in the J-PARC 3-GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ogiwara, Norio; Hikichi, Yusuke; Yoshinari, Yoji

The back pressure of Turbo-Molecular Pumps (TMPs) is constantly monitored using Pirani gauges at J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Complex) RCS (3-GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) where they are used not only in rough pumping but also evacuations during beam operations. The gauge head needs to be very resistant to vibration and abrupt air inlet etc. in minimizing exposure to radiation during maintenance and hence a 50 μm in diameter W wire was adopted as the filament. This type of Pirani gauge has worked well in monitoring the back pressure of the TMP but it has become difficult to measure the low pressure of less than several Pa with the gauge, which may have been due to changes in the emissivity of the W surface. An attempt was therefore made to develop a gauge head made of Pt wire in allowing pressures as low as 0.1 Pa to be measured. Platinum is one of the best possible materials to use because it is very stable against oxidization. However, ordinary Pt gauge heads are rather weak when it comes to vibrations and abrupt air inlet due to its low tensile strength. In order to improve its toughness the filament was composed of twelve 100 μm in diameter Pt wires that were 65 mm long, resulting in it being capable of enduring a force of 25 N. All the wires were welded in series on metal poles in two separate glass plates, with the poles being electrically insulated. This resulted in the filament, 78 cm long and about 10 Ω at room temperature, being containable in a 5 cm in diameter and 10 cm long cylindrical envelope. The output from the gauge head was then examined as a function of pressure under constant current as the plan was for it to be controlled using the constant current method. Confirmation then took place that the pressures of 0.1 Pa up to 103 Pa were measurable with the gauge using current control in such way that the set value increased with pressure increases in three stages.

Measurement of the muon beam direction and muon flux for the T2K neutrino experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suzuki, K.; Aoki, S.; Ariga, A.; Ariga, T.; Bay, F.; Bronner, C.; Ereditato, A.; Friend, M.; Hartz, M.; Hiraki, T.; Ichikawa, A. K.; Ishida, T.; Ishii, T.; Juget, F.; Kikawa, T.; Kobayashi, T.; Kubo, H.; Matsuoka, K.; Maruyama, T.; Minamino, A.; Murakami, A.; Nakadaira, T.; Nakaya, T.; Nakayoshi, K.; Otani, M.; Oyama, Y.; Patel, N.; Pistillo, C.; Sakashita, K.; Sekiguchi, T.; Suzuki, S. Y.; Tada, S.; Yamada, Y.; Yamamoto, K.; Yokoyama, M.

2015-05-01

The Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) neutrino experiment measures neutrino oscillations by using an almost pure muon neutrino beam produced at the J-PARC accelerator facility. The T2K muon monitor was installed to measure the direction and stability of the muon beam which is produced in conjunction with the muon neutrino beam. The systematic error in the muon beam direction measurement was estimated, using data and MC simulation, to be 0.28 mrad. During beam operation, the proton beam has been controlled using measurements from the muon monitor and the direction of the neutrino beam has been tuned to within 0.3 mrad with respect to the designed beam-axis. In order to understand the muon beam properties, measurement of the absolute muon yield at the muon monitor was conducted with an emulsion detector. The number of muon tracks was measured to be (4.06± 0.05± 0.10)× 10^4cm^{-2} normalized with 4× 10^{11} protons on target with 250 kA horn operation. The result is in agreement with the prediction, which is corrected based on hadron production data.

Development and Commissioning of an External Beam Facility in the Union College Ion Beam Analysis Laboratory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoskowitz, Joshua; Clark, Morgan; Labrake, Scott; Vineyard, Michael

2015-10-01

We have developed an external beam facility for the 1.1-MV tandem Pelletron accelerator in the Union College Ion Beam Analysis Laboratory. The beam is extracted from an aluminum pipe through a 1 / 4 ' ' diameter window with a 7.5- μm thick Kapton foil. This external beam facility allows us to perform ion beam analysis on samples that cannot be put under vacuum, including wet samples and samples too large to fit into the scattering chamber. We have commissioned the new facility by performing proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis of several samples of environmental interest. These include samples of artificial turf, running tracks, and a human tooth with an amalgam filling. A 1.7-MeV external proton beam was incident on the samples positioned 2 cm from the window. The resulting X-rays were measured using a silicon drift detector and were analyzed using GUPIX software to determine the concentrations of elements in the samples. The results on the human tooth indicate that while significant concentrations of Hg, Ag, and Sn are present in the amalgam filling, only trace amounts of Hg appear to have leached into the tooth. The artificial turf and running tracks show rather large concentrations of a broad range of elements and trace amounts of Pb in the turf infill.

Beam commission of the high intensity proton source developed at INFN-LNS for the European Spallation Source

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Neri, L.; Celona, L.; Gammino, S.; Miraglia, A.; Leonardi, O.; Castro, G.; Torrisi, G.; Mascali, D.; Mazzaglia, M.; Allegra, L.; Amato, A.; Calabrese, G.; Caruso, A.; Chines, F.; Gallo, G.; Longhitano, A.; Manno, G.; Marletta, S.; Maugeri, A.; Passarello, S.; Pastore, G.; Seminara, A.; Spartà, A.; Vinciguerra, S.

2017-07-01

At the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (INFN-LNS) the beam commissioning of the high intensity Proton Source for the European Spallation Source (PS-ESS) started in November 2016. Beam stability at high current intensity is one of the most important parameter for the first steps of the ongoing commissioning. Promising results were obtained since the first source start with a 6 mm diameter extraction hole. The increase of the extraction hole to 8 mm allowed improving PS-ESS performances and obtaining the values required by the ESS accelerator. In this work, extracted beam current characteristics together with Doppler shift and emittance measurements are presented, as well as the description of the next phases before the installation at ESS in Lund.

Development and Validation of a Novel Pediatric Appendicitis Risk Calculator (pARC).

PubMed

Kharbanda, Anupam B; Vazquez-Benitez, Gabriela; Ballard, Dustin W; Vinson, David R; Chettipally, Uli K; Kene, Mamata V; Dehmer, Steven P; Bachur, Richard G; Dayan, Peter S; Kuppermann, Nathan; O'Connor, Patrick J; Kharbanda, Elyse O

2018-04-01

We sought to develop and validate a clinical calculator that can be used to quantify risk for appendicitis on a continuous scale for patients with acute abdominal pain. The pediatric appendicitis risk calculator (pARC) was developed and validated through secondary analyses of 3 distinct cohorts. The derivation sample included visits to 9 pediatric emergency departments between March 2009 and April 2010. The validation sample included visits to a single pediatric emergency department from 2003 to 2004 and 2013 to 2015. Variables evaluated were as follows: age, sex, temperature, nausea and/or vomiting, pain duration, pain location, pain with walking, pain migration, guarding, white blood cell count, and absolute neutrophil count. We used stepwise regression to develop and select the best model. Test performance of the pARC was compared with the Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS). The derivation sample included 2423 children, 40% of whom had appendicitis. The validation sample included 1426 children, 35% of whom had appendicitis. The final pARC model included the following variables: sex, age, duration of pain, guarding, pain migration, maximal tenderness in the right-lower quadrant, and absolute neutrophil count. In the validation sample, the pARC exhibited near perfect calibration and a high degree of discrimination (area under the curve: 0.85; 95% confidence interval: 0.83 to 0.87) and outperformed the PAS (area under the curve: 0.77; 95% confidence interval: 0.75 to 0.80). By using the pARC, almost half of patients in the validation cohort could be accurately classified as at <15% risk or ≥85% risk for appendicitis, whereas only 23% would be identified as having a comparable PAS of <3 or >8. In our validation cohort of patients with acute abdominal pain, the pARC accurately quantified risk for appendicitis. Copyright © 2018 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

The TIL commissioning and performance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, X.; Zheng, W.; Wei, X.; Jing, F.; Sui, Z.; Zheng, K.; Xu, Q.; Yuan, X.; Jiang, X.; Yang, L.; Ma, P.; Li, M.; Wang, J.; Hu, D.; He, S.; Li, F.; Peng, Z.; Feng, B.; Zhou, H.; Guo, L.; Li, X.; Zhang, X.; Su, J.; Zhu, Q.; Yu, H.; Zhao, R.; Ma, C.; He, H.; Fan, D.; Zhang, W.

2008-05-01

The TIL serves for both technological platforms for SG-III construction and physical experiments to study and understand target physics toward ignition and plasma burning [2]. The TIL has been designed to produce 10kJ blue light. Its eight-beam are stacked 4 high by 2 wide, The clear optical aperture is 30cm×30cm The cavity and booster amplifiers have 9 and 6 glass slabs respectively, with thickness of 3.8cm. The cavity is a four-pass amplification stage with the seed pulse injected through its cavity spatial filter, while the booster a single pass amplification stage. The commissioning experiments have successfully been conducted to test the output and control abilities of the system. A single beam line of TIL produced 3-ns pulse of 1645 Joule blue light at the target, which demonstrated that the TIL can deliver ten-thousand-joule blue light to the target. Beam qualities have been investigated jointly with the laser chain simulations using the SG-99 code. The wavefront distortions of the beams will be improved by deformable mirrors.

Development of a golden beam data set for the commissioning of a proton double-scattering system in a pencil-beam dose calculation algorithm

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Slopsema, R. L., E-mail: rslopsema@floridaproton.org; Flampouri, S.; Yeung, D.

2014-09-15

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation is to determine if a single set of beam data, described by a minimal set of equations and fitting variables, can be used to commission different installations of a proton double-scattering system in a commercial pencil-beam dose calculation algorithm. Methods: The beam model parameters required to commission the pencil-beam dose calculation algorithm (virtual and effective SAD, effective source size, and pristine-peak energy spread) are determined for a commercial double-scattering system. These parameters are measured in a first room and parameterized as function of proton energy and nozzle settings by fitting four analytical equations tomore » the measured data. The combination of these equations and fitting values constitutes the golden beam data (GBD). To determine the variation in dose delivery between installations, the same dosimetric properties are measured in two additional rooms at the same facility, as well as in a single room at another facility. The difference between the room-specific measurements and the GBD is evaluated against tolerances that guarantee the 3D dose distribution in each of the rooms matches the GBD-based dose distribution within clinically reasonable limits. The pencil-beam treatment-planning algorithm is commissioned with the GBD. The three-dimensional dose distribution in water is evaluated in the four treatment rooms and compared to the treatment-planning calculated dose distribution. Results: The virtual and effective SAD measurements fall between 226 and 257 cm. The effective source size varies between 2.4 and 6.2 cm for the large-field options, and 1.0 and 2.0 cm for the small-field options. The pristine-peak energy spread decreases from 1.05% at the lowest range to 0.6% at the highest. The virtual SAD as well as the effective source size can be accurately described by a linear relationship as function of the inverse of the residual energy. An additional linear correction term as

Measurement of Muon Antineutrino Oscillations with an Accelerator-Produced Off-Axis Beam

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abe, K.; Andreopoulos, C.; Antonova, M.; Aoki, S.; Ariga, A.; Assylbekov, S.; Autiero, D.; Barbi, M.; Barker, G. J.; Barr, G.; Bartet-Friburg, P.; Batkiewicz, M.; Bay, F.; Berardi, V.; Berkman, S.; Bhadra, S.; Blondel, A.; Bolognesi, S.; Bordoni, S.; Boyd, S. B.; Brailsford, D.; Bravar, A.; Bronner, C.; Buizza Avanzini, M.; Calland, R. G.; Cao, S.; Caravaca Rodríguez, J.; Cartwright, S. L.; Castillo, R.; Catanesi, M. G.; Cervera, A.; Cherdack, D.; Chikuma, N.; Christodoulou, G.; Clifton, A.; Coleman, J.; Collazuol, G.; Cremonesi, L.; Dabrowska, A.; De Rosa, G.; Dealtry, T.; Denner, P. F.; Dennis, S. R.; Densham, C.; Dewhurst, D.; Di Lodovico, F.; Di Luise, S.; Dolan, S.; Drapier, O.; Duffy, K. E.; Dumarchez, J.; Dytman, S.; Dziewiecki, M.; Emery-Schrenk, S.; Ereditato, A.; Feusels, T.; Finch, A. J.; Fiorentini, G. A.; Friend, M.; Fujii, Y.; Fukuda, D.; Fukuda, Y.; Furmanski, A. P.; Galymov, V.; Garcia, A.; Giffin, S. G.; Giganti, C.; Gizzarelli, F.; Gonin, M.; Grant, N.; Hadley, D. R.; Haegel, L.; Haigh, M. D.; Hamilton, P.; Hansen, D.; Hara, T.; Hartz, M.; Hasegawa, T.; Hastings, N. C.; Hayashino, T.; Hayato, Y.; Helmer, R. L.; Hierholzer, M.; Hillairet, A.; Himmel, A.; Hiraki, T.; Hirota, S.; Hogan, M.; Holeczek, J.; Horikawa, S.; Hosomi, F.; Huang, K.; Ichikawa, A. K.; Ieki, K.; Ikeda, M.; Imber, J.; Insler, J.; Intonti, R. A.; Irvine, T. J.; Ishida, T.; Ishii, T.; Iwai, E.; Iwamoto, K.; Izmaylov, A.; Jacob, A.; Jamieson, B.; Jiang, M.; Johnson, S.; Jo, J. H.; Jonsson, P.; Jung, C. K.; Kabirnezhad, M.; Kaboth, A. C.; Kajita, T.; Kakuno, H.; Kameda, J.; Karlen, D.; Karpikov, I.; Katori, T.; Kearns, E.; Khabibullin, M.; Khotjantsev, A.; Kielczewska, D.; Kikawa, T.; Kim, H.; Kim, J.; King, S.; Kisiel, J.; Knight, A.; Knox, A.; Kobayashi, T.; Koch, L.; Koga, T.; Konaka, A.; Kondo, K.; Kopylov, A.; Kormos, L. L.; Korzenev, A.; Koshio, Y.; Kropp, W.; Kudenko, Y.; Kurjata, R.; Kutter, T.; Lagoda, J.; Lamont, I.; Larkin, E.; Laveder, M.; Lawe, M.; Lazos, M.; Lindner, T.; Liptak, Z. J.; Litchfield, R. P.; Li, X.; Longhin, A.; Lopez, J. P.; Ludovici, L.; Lu, X.; Magaletti, L.; Mahn, K.; Malek, M.; Manly, S.; Marino, A. D.; Marteau, J.; Martin, J. F.; Martins, P.; Martynenko, S.; Maruyama, T.; Matveev, V.; Mavrokoridis, K.; Ma, W. Y.; Mazzucato, E.; McCarthy, M.; McCauley, N.; McFarland, K. S.; McGrew, C.; Mefodiev, A.; Mezzetto, M.; Mijakowski, P.; Minamino, A.; Mineev, O.; Mine, S.; Missert, A.; Miura, M.; Moriyama, S.; Mueller, Th. A.; Murphy, S.; Myslik, J.; Nakadaira, T.; Nakahata, M.; Nakamura, K. G.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, K. D.; Nakayama, S.; Nakaya, T.; Nakayoshi, K.; Nantais, C.; Nielsen, C.; Nirkko, M.; Nishikawa, K.; Nishimura, Y.; Nowak, J.; O'Keeffe, H. M.; Ohta, R.; Okumura, K.; Okusawa, T.; Oryszczak, W.; Oser, S. M.; Ovsyannikova, T.; Owen, R. A.; Oyama, Y.; Palladino, V.; Palomino, J. L.; Paolone, V.; Patel, N. D.; Pavin, M.; Payne, D.; Perkin, J. D.; Petrov, Y.; Pickard, L.; Pickering, L.; Pinzon Guerra, E. S.; Pistillo, C.; Popov, B.; Posiadala-Zezula, M.; Poutissou, J.-M.; Poutissou, R.; Przewlocki, P.; Quilain, B.; Radicioni, E.; Ratoff, P. N.; Ravonel, M.; Rayner, M. A. M.; Redij, A.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Riccio, C.; Rojas, P.; Rondio, E.; Roth, S.; Rubbia, A.; Rychter, A.; Sacco, R.; Sakashita, K.; Sánchez, F.; Sato, F.; Scantamburlo, E.; Scholberg, K.; Schoppmann, S.; Schwehr, J.; Scott, M.; Seiya, Y.; Sekiguchi, T.; Sekiya, H.; Sgalaberna, D.; Shah, R.; Shaikhiev, A.; Shaker, F.; Shaw, D.; Shiozawa, M.; Shirahige, T.; Short, S.; Smy, M.; Sobczyk, J. T.; Sorel, M.; Southwell, L.; Stamoulis, P.; Steinmann, J.; Stewart, T.; Suda, Y.; Suvorov, S.; Suzuki, A.; Suzuki, K.; Suzuki, S. Y.; Suzuki, Y.; Tacik, R.; Tada, M.; Takahashi, S.; Takeda, A.; Takeuchi, Y.; Tanaka, H. K.; Tanaka, H. A.; Terhorst, D.; Terri, R.; Thakore, T.; Thompson, L. F.; Tobayama, S.; Toki, W.; Tomura, T.; Touramanis, C.; Tsukamoto, T.; Tzanov, M.; Uchida, Y.; Vacheret, A.; Vagins, M.; Vallari, Z.; Vasseur, G.; Wachala, T.; Wakamatsu, K.; Walter, C. W.; Wark, D.; Warzycha, W.; Wascko, M. O.; Weber, A.; Wendell, R.; Wilkes, R. J.; Wilking, M. J.; Wilkinson, C.; Wilson, J. R.; Wilson, R. J.; Yamada, Y.; Yamamoto, K.; Yamamoto, M.; Yanagisawa, C.; Yano, T.; Yen, S.; Yershov, N.; Yokoyama, M.; Yoo, J.; Yoshida, K.; Yuan, T.; Yu, M.; Zalewska, A.; Zalipska, J.; Zambelli, L.; Zaremba, K.; Ziembicki, M.; Zimmerman, E. D.; Zito, M.; Żmuda, J.; T2K Collaboration

2016-05-01

T2K reports its first measurements of the parameters governing the disappearance of ν¯ μ in an off-axis beam due to flavor change induced by neutrino oscillations. The quasimonochromatic ν¯μ beam, produced with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV at J-PARC, is observed at the far detector Super-Kamiokande, 295 km away, where the ν¯μ survival probability is expected to be minimal. Using a data set corresponding to 4.01 ×1020 protons on target, 34 fully contained μ -like events were observed. The best-fit oscillation parameters are sin2(θ¯ 23)=0.45 and |Δ m¯32 2|=2.51 ×10-3 eV2 with 68% confidence intervals of 0.38 - 0.64 and 2.26 - 2.80 ×10-3 eV2 , respectively. These results are in agreement with existing antineutrino parameter measurements and also with the νμ disappearance parameters measured by T2K.

Science Goals of the Primary Atomic Reference Clock in Space (PARCS) Experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ashby, N.

2003-01-01

The PARCS (Primary Atomic Reference Clock in Space) experiment will use a laser-cooled Cesium atomic clock operating in the microgravity environment aboard the International Space Station (ISS) to provide both advanced tests of gravitational theory and to demonstrate a new cold-atom clock technology for space. PARCS is a joint project of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and the University of Colorado (CU). This paper concentrates on the scientific goals of the PARCS mission. The microgravity space environment allows laser-cooled Cs atoms to have Ramsey times in excess of those feasible on Earth, resulting in improved clock performance. Clock stabilities of 5x10(exp -14) at one second, and accuracies better than 10(exp -16) are projected.

Annual Report: 2014: Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation (PARC)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Weir, Linda A.; Nanjappa, P.; Apodaca, J.J.; Williams, J.

2015-01-01

Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation (PARC) was established in 1999 to address the widespread declines, extinctions, and range reductions of amphibians and reptiles, with a focus on conservation of taxa and habitats in North America. Amphibians and reptiles are affected by a broad range of human activities, both as incidental effects of habitat alteration and direct effects from overexploitation; these animals are also burdened by humans attitudes – that amphibians and reptiles are either dangerous or of little environmental or economic value. However, PARC members understand these taxa are important parts of our natural and cultural heritage and they serve important roles in ecosystems throughout the world. With many amphibians and reptiles classified as threatened with extinction, conservation to ensure healthy populations of these animals has never been more important. As you will see herein, PARC’s 15th anniversary has been marked with major accomplishments and an ever-increasing momentum. With your help, PARC can continue to build on its successes and protect these vital species.

Comparision of beam data requirements for MLC commissioning on a TPS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Solaiappan, Gopi; Singaravelu, Ganesan; Prakasarao, Aruna; Supe, Sanjay S.

2008-01-01

The treatment planning system (TPS) has become a key element in the radiotherapy process with the introduction of computer tomography (CT) based 3D conformal treatment planning. Commissioning of a MLC on a TPS either for conformal radiotherapy or intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) requires beam data to be generated on a linear accelerator. Most of the TPS require these beam data to be generated with routine collimator jaws. However some TPS demand the data to be provided for MLC shaped fields. This prompted us to investigate whether beam data with jaws differ than that with MLC and whether the jaw based beam data would suffice for the commissioning of a MLC on a TPS. Beam data like percentage depth dose (PDD), cross beam profiles and output factors was acquired for jaws and MLC defined square fields for 6, 10 and 23 MV photon beams. Percentage depth dose and cross beam profiles were acquired with a radiation field analyzer RFA-200, CC13-S ion chambers with active volume of 0.13 cm3 and OmniPro-Accept software from Scanditronix-Wellhofer. A Medtec-TG51 water tank with Max-4000 electrometer and 0.6 cc PTW ionization chamber and a mini phantom from Standard Imaging was utilized for output measurements for millennium-120 MLC (Varian Medical Systems) and SRS diode detector (Scanditronix-Wellhofer) of 0.6 mm diameter of active area and 0.3 mm of active volume thickness for micro-MLC (BrainLab). The difference in PDD in the build-up region for millennium MLC was ±1.0% for 6 MV photons. For 10 MV photons the PDD difference was within ±4.0%. The difference in PDD for 23 MV photons ranged from 0% to 40.0%. PDD difference from build-up depth to about 28 cm was within ±1.0%. Difference in PDD crossed ±1.0% at 30 cm depth for 6 MV photons. The difference in PDD in the build-up region for mMLC was ±8.0% for 6 MV photons. For the smallest field size studied with micro-MLC i.e. 0.6 × 0.6 cm2 difference in PDD was more than ±1.0% in the build-up region and beyond a

Pencil beam characteristics of the next-generation proton scanning gantry of PSI: design issues and initial commissioning results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pedroni, E.; Meer, D.; Bula, C.; Safai, S.; Zenklusen, S.

2011-07-01

In this paper we report on the main design features, on the realization process and on selected first results of the initial commissioning of the new Gantry 2 of PSI for the delivery of proton therapy with new advanced pencil beam scanning techniques. We present briefly the characteristics of the new gantry system with main emphasis on the beam optics, on the characterization of the pencil beam used for scanning and on the performance of the scanning system. The idea is to give an overview of the major components of the whole system. The main long-term technical goal of the new equipment of Gantry 2 is to expand the use of pencil beam scanning to the whole spectrum of clinical indications including moving targets. We report here on the initial experience and problems encountered in the development of the system with selected preliminary results of the ongoing commissioning of Gantry 2.

Dynamique des ressources naturelles dans le Parc national de Manda: Cartographie et analyse pour le Développement durable

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ballah Solkam, Rosalie; Médard, Ndoutorlengar

2018-05-01

Au Tchad, le réseau d'aires protégées couvre près de 10,2% de la surface du pays et reste globalement représentatif de toute la diversité des écosystèmes de la région. Cependant, ce réseau n'est pas constitué d'écosystèmes intacts car de nombreuses altérations y ont été apportés (certaines espèces sont déjà au seuil critique d'extinction (Addax, gazelle dama, lamantin), voire ont disparu (Rhinocéros noir et blanc, Oryx)) surtout dans les parcs nationaux. Ce qui nous amène à nous interroger sur la dynamique des ressources naturelles et le degré de conservation du parc national de Manda? Une évaluation de la diversité biologique et des ressources hydrographiques de 1951 à 1999 sur la base de la bibliographie existante, de la carte topographique de 1956, des images satellitaires Landsat 5 et 7 TM et ETM+ de 2 périodes (1986, 1999), complétée par des interviews semi-structurés et des transects sur le terrain, permettra de mieux appréhender la dynamique des ressources et les actions de conservation de la biodiversité réalisées à cet effet. Les résultats montrent une dynamique progressive de la faune de 1951 à 1970, puis une dynamique régressive de 1970 à 1989. Après cette tumultueuse période, un repeuplement du parc s'opère de 1989 à 2002. Par contre, la flore est relativement bien conservée avec quelques cours d'eau, des mares, champs et plantations. Et cela grâce aux multiples projets de conservation de la biodiversité. La promotion de l'écotourisme serait une alternative au développement durable de ce parc.

Characterization of a point mutation in the parC gene of Mycoplasma bovirhinis associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.

PubMed

Hirose, K; Kawasaki, Y; Kotani, K; Abiko, K; Sato, H

2004-05-01

Quinolone-resistant (QR) mutants of Mycoplasma bovirhinis strain PG43 (type strain) were generated by stepwise selection in increasing concentrations of enrofloxacin (ENR). An alteration was found in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of the parC gene coding for the ParC subunit of topoisomerase IV from these mutants, but not in the gyrA, gyrB, and parE gene coding for the GyrA and GyrB subunits of DNA gyrase and the ParE subunit of topoisomerase IV. Similarly, such an alteration in QRDR of parC was found in the field isolates of M. bovirhinis, which possessed various levels of QR. The substitution of leucine (Leu) by serine (Ser) at position 80 of QRDR of ParC was observed in both QR-mutants and QR-isolates. This is the first report of QR based on a point mutation of the parC gene in M. bovirhinis.

Installation, high-power conditioning and beam commissioning of the upgraded SARAF 4-rods RFQ

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weissman, L.; Perry, A.; Bechtold, A.; Berkovits, D.; Kaizer, B.; Luner, Y.; Niewieczerzal, P.; Rodnizki, J.; Silverman, I.; Shor, A.; Nusbaum, D.

2018-05-01

The original SARAF 3.8 m long 4-rod Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) has been successful in acceleration of 4 mA Continuous Wave (CW) proton beam and pulsed deuteron beam to 1.5 MeV/u. However, conditions for running CW deuteron beam have not been achieved in the original design. A new 4-rod structure has been designed and implemented, with the goal of reducing the RF power required for CW deuteron operation while slightly compromising the RFQ exit energy to 1.27 MeV/u. The new 4-rod structure was manufactured, and installed in place of the old rod electrodes. Superior field homogeneity was achieved. The RFQ was successfully conditioned to the RF power 200 kW required for CW deuteron operation, with sufficient power margin. The commissioning with proton and deuteron beams showed that most of beam parameters are close to the designed specifications. The first operation with CW RF power of 5 mA deuteron beam was demonstrated. In addition, a 1.1 mA CW deuteron beam was transported through the superconducting module. The future scope of RFQ improvements is discussed.

PARC Navier-Stokes code upgrade and validation for high speed aeroheating predictions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Liver, Peter A.; Praharaj, Sarat C.; Seaford, C. Mark

1990-01-01

Applications of the PARC full Navier-Stokes code for hypersonic flowfield and aeroheating predictions around blunt bodies such as the Aeroassist Flight Experiment (AFE) and Aeroassisted Orbital Transfer Vehicle (AOTV) are evaluated. Two-dimensional/axisymmetric and three-dimensional perfect gas versions of the code were upgraded and tested against benchmark wind tunnel cases of hemisphere-cylinder, three-dimensional AFE forebody, and axisymmetric AFE and AOTV aerobrake/wake flowfields. PARC calculations are in good agreement with experimental data and results of similar computer codes. Difficulties encountered in flowfield and heat transfer predictions due to effects of grid density, boundary conditions such as singular stagnation line axis and artificial dissipation terms are presented together with subsequent improvements made to the code. The experience gained with the perfect gas code is being currently utilized in applications of an equilibrium air real gas PARC version developed at REMTECH.

Improvements of vacuum system in J-PARC 3 GeV synchrotron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamiya, J.; Hikichi, Y.; Namekawa, Y.; Takeishi, K.; Yanagibashi, T.; Kinsho, M.; Yamamoto, K.; Sato, A.

2017-07-01

The RCS vacuum system has been upgraded since the completion of its construction towards the objectives of both better vacuum quality and higher reliability of the components. For the better vacuum quality, (1) pressure of the injection beam line was improved to prevent the H-beam from converting to H0; (2) leakage in the beam injection area due to the thermal expansion was eliminated by applying the adequate torque amount for the clamps; (3) new in-situ degassing method of the kicker magnet was developed. For the reliability increase of the components, (1) A considerable number of fluoroelastmer seal was exchanged to metal seal with the low spring constant bellows and the light clamps; (2) TMP controller for the long cable was developed to prevent the controller failure by the severe electrical noise; (3) A number of TMP were installed instead of ion pumps in the RF cavity section as an insurance for the case of pump trouble.

Design concept for the microwave interrogation structure in PARCS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dick, G. J.; Klipstein, W. M.; Heavner, T. P.; Jefferts, S. R.

2002-01-01

In this paper we will describe key aspects of the conceptual design of the microwave interrogation structure in the laser-cooled cesium frequency standard that is part of the Primary Atomic Reference Clock in Space (PARCS) experiment.

Simultaneous calibration phantom commission and geometry calibration in cone beam CT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Yuan; Yang, Shuai; Ma, Jianhui; Li, Bin; Wu, Shuyu; Qi, Hongliang; Zhou, Linghong

2017-09-01

Geometry calibration is a vital step for describing the geometry of a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) system and is a prerequisite for CBCT reconstruction. In current methods, calibration phantom commission and geometry calibration are divided into two independent tasks. Small errors in ball-bearing (BB) positioning in the phantom-making step will severely degrade the quality of phantom calibration. To solve this problem, we propose an integrated method to simultaneously realize geometry phantom commission and geometry calibration. Instead of assuming the accuracy of the geometry phantom, the integrated method considers BB centers in the phantom as an optimized parameter in the workflow. Specifically, an evaluation phantom and the corresponding evaluation contrast index are used to evaluate geometry artifacts for optimizing the BB coordinates in the geometry phantom. After utilizing particle swarm optimization, the CBCT geometry and BB coordinates in the geometry phantom are calibrated accurately and are then directly used for the next geometry calibration task in other CBCT systems. To evaluate the proposed method, both qualitative and quantitative studies were performed on simulated and realistic CBCT data. The spatial resolution of reconstructed images using dental CBCT can reach up to 15 line pair cm-1. The proposed method is also superior to the Wiesent method in experiments. This paper shows that the proposed method is attractive for simultaneous and accurate geometry phantom commission and geometry calibration.

True beam commissioning experience at Nordland Hospital Trust, Norway

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Daci, Lulzime, E-mail: lulzime.daci@nodlandssykehuset.no; Malkaj, Partizan, E-mail: malkaj-p@hotmail.com

To evaluate the measured of all photon beam data of first Varian True Beam version 2.0 slim model, recently commissioned at Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø. To compare and evaluate the possibility of beam matching with the Clinac2300, for the energies of 6MV and 15 MV. Materials/Methods: Measurements of PDD, OAR, and Output factors were realized with the IBA Blue-phantom with different detectors and evaluated between them for all photon energies: 6MV, 15MV, 6MV FFF and 10MV FFF. The ionization chambers used were Pin Point CC01, CC04, Semiflex CC13 and photon diode by Iba dosimetry. The data were processed using Beizermore » algorithm with a resolution of 1 mm. The measured depth dose curves, diagonals, OAR, and output factors were imported into Eclipse in order to calculate beam data for the anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA version 10.0.28) for both the dataset measured with CC04 and CC13 and compared. The model head of 23EX was selected as the most near model to True Beam as a restriction of our version of Aria. It was seen that better results were achieved with the CC04 measured data as a result of better resolution. For the biggest field after 10 cm depth a larger difference is seen between measured and calculated for both dataset, but it is within the criteria for acceptance. Results: The Beam analysis criteria of 2 mm at 50% dose is achieved for all the fields accept for 40x40 that is within 3%. Depth difference at maximum dose is within 1 mm for all the fields and dose difference at 100 mm and 200 mm is lower than 1% for or all the fields. The PDD between two machines for all the fields differ after Dmax with less than 1%. For profiles in the field zone and outside field the difference is within 1% for all the fields. In the penumbra region the difference is from 2% up to 12% for big fields. As for diagonals they differ as a result of the head construction at the edge of the field and the penumbra region. The output factors differ for big

True beam commissioning experience at Nordland Hospital Trust, Norway

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Daci, Lulzime; Malkaj, Partizan

2016-03-01

To evaluate the measured of all photon beam data of first Varian True Beam version 2.0 slim model, recently commissioned at Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø. To compare and evaluate the possibility of beam matching with the Clinac2300, for the energies of 6MV and 15 MV. Materials/Methods: Measurements of PDD, OAR, and Output factors were realized with the IBA Blue-phantom with different detectors and evaluated between them for all photon energies: 6MV, 15MV, 6MV FFF and 10MV FFF. The ionization chambers used were Pin Point CC01, CC04, Semiflex CC13 and photon diode by Iba dosimetry. The data were processed using Beizer algorithm with a resolution of 1 mm. The measured depth dose curves, diagonals, OAR, and output factors were imported into Eclipse in order to calculate beam data for the anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA version 10.0.28) for both the dataset measured with CC04 and CC13 and compared. The model head of 23EX was selected as the most near model to True Beam as a restriction of our version of Aria. It was seen that better results were achieved with the CC04 measured data as a result of better resolution. For the biggest field after 10 cm depth a larger difference is seen between measured and calculated for both dataset, but it is within the criteria for acceptance. Results: The Beam analysis criteria of 2 mm at 50% dose is achieved for all the fields accept for 40x40 that is within 3%. Depth difference at maximum dose is within 1 mm for all the fields and dose difference at 100 mm and 200 mm is lower than 1% for or all the fields. The PDD between two machines for all the fields differ after Dmax with less than 1%. For profiles in the field zone and outside field the difference is within 1% for all the fields. In the penumbra region the difference is from 2% up to 12% for big fields. As for diagonals they differ as a result of the head construction at the edge of the field and the penumbra region. The output factors differ for big fields within 5% and

Beam wander characteristics of flat-topped, dark hollow, cos and cosh-Gaussian, J0- and I0- Bessel Gaussian beams propagating in turbulent atmosphere: a review

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eyyuboğlu, Halil T.; Baykal, Yahya; Çil, Celal Z.; Korotkova, Olga; Cai, Yangjian

2010-02-01

In this paper we review our work done in the evaluations of the root mean square (rms) beam wander characteristics of the flat-topped, dark hollow, cos-and cosh Gaussian, J0-Bessel Gaussian and the I0-Bessel Gaussian beams in atmospheric turbulence. Our formulation is based on the wave-treatment approach, where not only the beam sizes but the source beam profiles are taken into account as well. In this approach the first and the second statistical moments are obtained from the Rytov series under weak atmospheric turbulence conditions and the beam size are determined as a function of the propagation distance. It is found that after propagating in atmospheric turbulence, under certain conditions, the collimated flat-topped, dark hollow, cos- and cosh Gaussian, J0-Bessel Gaussian and the I0-Bessel Gaussian beams have smaller rms beam wander compared to that of the Gaussian beam. The beam wander of these beams are analyzed against the propagation distance, source spot sizes, and against specific beam parameters related to the individual beam such as the relative amplitude factors of the constituent beams, the flatness parameters, the beam orders, the displacement parameters, the width parameters, and are compared against the corresponding Gaussian beam.

Beam Loss Monitoring for LHC Machine Protection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holzer, Eva Barbara; Dehning, Bernd; Effnger, Ewald; Emery, Jonathan; Grishin, Viatcheslav; Hajdu, Csaba; Jackson, Stephen; Kurfuerst, Christoph; Marsili, Aurelien; Misiowiec, Marek; Nagel, Markus; Busto, Eduardo Nebot Del; Nordt, Annika; Roderick, Chris; Sapinski, Mariusz; Zamantzas, Christos

The energy stored in the nominal LHC beams is two times 362 MJ, 100 times the energy of the Tevatron. As little as 1 mJ/cm3 deposited energy quenches a magnet at 7 TeV and 1 J/cm3 causes magnet damage. The beam dumps are the only places to safely dispose of this beam. One of the key systems for machine protection is the beam loss monitoring (BLM) system. About 3600 ionization chambers are installed at likely or critical loss locations around the LHC ring. The losses are integrated in 12 time intervals ranging from 40 μs to 84 s and compared to threshold values defined in 32 energy ranges. A beam abort is requested when potentially dangerous losses are detected or when any of the numerous internal system validation tests fails. In addition, loss data are used for machine set-up and operational verifications. The collimation system for example uses the loss data for set-up and regular performance verification. Commissioning and operational experience of the BLM are presented: The machine protection functionality of the BLM system has been fully reliable; the LHC availability has not been compromised by false beam aborts.

A Design for Living: The PARC Plan. Report of the PARC Ad Hoc Planning Committee for Resolution II, October 19, 1974.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens, Harrisburg.

Presented is the PARC (Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens) Plan which resulted from a 3-month survey of Pennsylvania's institutional system and which was designed to improve living conditions and programs of state schools and hospitals serving the mentally retarded. Detailed are specific recommendations for the achievement of annual…

Single Pass Stripline Beam Position Monitor Design, Fabrication and Commissioning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tan, Y.-R. E.; Wang, D.; Van Garderen, E.; McKinlay, J.

2012-10-01

To monitor the position of the electron beam during transport from the Booster Synchrotron to the Storage Ring at the Australian Synchrotron, a stripline Beam Position Monitor (BPM) has been designed, fabricated and installed in-house. The design was based on an existing stripline in the Booster and modified for the transfer line with a particular emphasis on ensuring the line impedance is properly matched to the detector system. The initial bench tests of a prototype stripline showed that the fabrication of the four individual striplines in the BPM was made precisely, each with a measured standing wave ratio (SWR) of 1.8 at 500 MHz. Further optimization for impedance matching will be done for new stripline BPMs. The linearity and gain factor was measured with the detector system. The detector system that digitizes the signals is an Instrumentation Technologies Brilliance Single Pass [1]. The results show an error of 1 mm at an offset (from the electrical centre) of 10 mm when a linear gain factor is assumed and an RMS noise of ~150 um that decreases to < 10 um with increasing signal intensity. The results were under our requirements for the transport line. The commissioning results of the stripline will also be presented showing a strong signal for an electron beam with an estimated integrated charge of ~50 nC with a position stability of 28 um (horizontal) and 75 um (vertical).

Ion Beam And Plasma Jet Generated By A 3 kJ Plasma Focus

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lim, L. K.; Ngoi, S. K.; Yap, S. L.

The plasma focus device is well known as a copious source of X-ray, neutrons, ion and electron beams. In this work, the characteristics of energetic ion beam emission in a 3 kJ Mather-type plasma focus is studied. The plasma focus system is operated at low pressure with argon as the working gas. The objective of the project is to obtain the argon ion beam and the plasma jet. The ion beam and plasma jet are used for material processing. In order to investigate the effect of the ion beam and plasma jet, crystalline silicon substrates are placed above the anode.more » Samples obtained after irradiation with the plasma focus discharge are analyzed by using the Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).« less

Physics prospects of future neutrino oscillation experiments in Asia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hagiwara, Kaoru

2004-12-01

The three neutrino model has 9 physical parameters, 3 neutrino masses, 3 mixing angles and 3 CP violating phases. Among them, neutrino oscillation experiments can probe 6 neutrino parameters: 2 mass squared differences, 3 mixing angles, and 1 CP phase. The experiments performed so far determined the magnitudes of the two mass squared differences, the sign of the smaller mass squared difference, the magnitudes of two of the three mixing angles, and the upper bound on the third mixing angle. The sign of the larger mass squared difference (the neutrino mass hierarchy pattern), the magnitude of the third mixing angle and the CP violating phase, and a two-fold ambiguity in the mixing angle that dictates the atmospheric neutrino oscillation should be determined by future oscillation experiments. In this talk, I introduce a few ideas of future long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments which make use of the super neutrino beams from J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) in Tokai village. We examine the potential of HyperKamiokande (HK), the proposed 1 Mega-ton water Čerenkov detector, and then study the fate and possible detection of the off-axis beam from J-PARC in Korea, which is available free throughout the period of the T2K (Tokai-to-SuperKamiokande) and the possible T-to-HK projects. Although the CP violating phase can be measured accurately by studying ν→ν and ν→ν oscillations at HK, there appear multiple solution ambiguities which can be solved only by determining the neutrino mass hierarchy and the twofold ambiguity in the mixing angle. We show that very long baseline experiments with higher energy beams from J-PARC and a possible huge Water Čerenkov Calorimeter detector proposed in Beijing can resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy. If such a detector can be built in China, future experiments with a muon storage ring neutrino factory at J-PARC will be able to lift all the degeneracies in the three neutrino model parameters.

SU-E-T-211: Comparison of Seven New TrueBeam Linacs with Enhanced Beam Data Conformance Using a Beam Comparison Software Tool

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grzetic, S; Hessler, J; Gupta, N

2015-06-15

Purpose: To develop an independent software tool to assist in commissioning linacs with enhanced beam conformance, as well as perform ongoing QA for dosimetrically equivalent linacs. Methods: Linac manufacturers offer enhanced beam conformance as an option to allow for clinics to complete commissioning efficiently, as well as implement dosimetrically equivalent linacs. The specification for enhanced conformance includes PDD as well as profiles within 80% FWHM. Recently, we commissioned seven Varian TrueBeam linacs with enhanced beam conformance. We developed a software tool in Visual Basic to allow us to load the reference beam data and compare our beam data during commissioningmore » to evaluate enhanced beam conformance. This tool also allowed us to upload our beam data used for commissioning our dosimetrically equivalent beam models to compare and tweak each of our linac beams to match our modelled data in Varian’s Eclipse TPS. This tool will also be used during annual QA of the linacs to compare our beam data to our baseline data, as required by TG-142. Results: Our software tool was used to check beam conformance for seven TrueBeam linacs that we commissioned in the past six months. Using our tool we found that the factory conformed linacs showed up to 3.82% difference in their beam profile data upon installation. Using our beam comparison tool, we were able to adjust the energy and profiles of our beams to accomplish a better than 1.00% point by point data conformance. Conclusion: The availability of quantitative comparison tools is essential to accept and commission linacs with enhanced beam conformance, as well as to beam match multiple linacs. We further intend to use the same tool to ensure our beam data conforms to the commissioning beam data during our annual QA in keeping with the requirements of TG-142.« less

Commissioning a p-type silicon diode for use in clinical electron beams.

PubMed

Eveling, J N; Morgan, A M; Pitchford, W G

1999-01-01

Commissioning measurements were carried out on a p-type silicon diode detector for use in patient monitoring in high energy electron beams. Characteristics specific to the diode were examined. The variation in diode sensitivity with dose per pulse was found to be less than 1% over a range 0.069-0.237 mGy/pulse. The diode exhibited a sensitivity variation with accumulated dose of 10% per kGy and a sensitivity variation with surface temperature of 0.26%/degree C. The dependence of the diode response on the direction of the incident electron beam was investigated. Results were found to exceed the manufacturer's specifications. Output factors measured with the diode agree to within 1.5% of those measured with an NACP-02 air ionization chamber. The detector showed a variation in response with energy of 0.8% over the energy range 4-15 MeV. Prior to introducing the diode into clinical use, an assessment of beam perturbation directly behind the diode was made. The maximum reduction in local dose directly behind the diode at a depth of 1.0 cm below the surface was approximately 13% at 4 and 15 MeV.

Beam emittance control by changing injection painting area in a pulse-to-pulse mode in the 3-GeV rapid cycling synchrotron of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saha, P. K.; Harada, H.; Hayashi, N.; Horino, K.; Hotchi, H.; Kinsho, M.; Takayanagi, T.; Tani, N.; Togashi, T.; Ueno, T.; Yamazaki, Y.; Irie, Y.

2013-12-01

The 3-GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) simultaneously delivers high intensity beam to the Material and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) as well as to the main ring (MR) at a repetition rate of 25 Hz. The RCS is designed for a beam power of 1 MW. RCS has to meet not only the need of power upgrade but also the specific requirement of each downstream facility. One of the issues, especially for high intensity operation, is to maintain two different transverse sizes of the extracted beam for MLF and MR; namely, a wider beam for MLF in order to reduce damage on the neutron production target but reversely a narrower one for the MR in order to ensure a permissible beam loss in the beam transport line of 3-GeV to MR and also in the MR. We proposed pulse-to-pulse direct control of the transverse painting area during the RCS beam injection process in order to get an extracted beam profile as desired. In addition to two existing dc septum magnets used for fixing injected beam trajectory for MLF beam, two additional dipoles named pulse steering magnets are designed for that purpose in order to control injected beam trajectory for a smaller painting area for the MR. The magnets are already installed in the injection beam transport line and successfully commissioned well in advance before they will be put in normal operation in 2014 for the 400 MeV injected beam energy upgraded from that of the present 181 MeV. Their parameters are found to be consistent to those expected in the corresponding numerical simulations. A trial one cycle user operation run for a painting area of 100πmmmrad for the MR switching from the MLF painting area of 150πmmmrad has also been successfully carried out. The extracted beam profile for the MR is measured to be sufficiently narrower as compared to that for the MLF, consistent with numerical simulation successfully demonstrating validity of the present principle.

Dosimetric commissioning and quality assurance of scanned ion beams at the Italian National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy.

PubMed

Mirandola, Alfredo; Molinelli, S; Vilches Freixas, G; Mairani, A; Gallio, E; Panizza, D; Russo, S; Ciocca, M; Donetti, M; Magro, G; Giordanengo, S; Orecchia, R

2015-09-01

To describe the dosimetric commissioning and quality assurance (QA) of the actively scanned proton and carbon ion beams at the Italian National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy. The laterally integrated depth-dose-distributions (IDDs) were acquired with the PTW Peakfinder, a variable depth water column, equipped with two Bragg peak ionization chambers. fluka Monte Carlo code was used to generate the energy libraries, the IDDs in water, and the fragment spectra for carbon beams. EBT3 films were used for spot size measurements, beam position over the scan field, and homogeneity in 2D-fields. Beam monitor calibration was performed in terms of number of particles per monitor unit using both a Farmer-type and an Advanced Markus ionization chamber. The beam position at the isocenter, beam monitor calibration curve, dose constancy in the center of the spread-out-Bragg-peak, dose homogeneity in 2D-fields, beam energy, spot size, and spot position over the scan field are all checked on a daily basis for both protons and carbon ions and on all beam lines. The simulated IDDs showed an excellent agreement with the measured experimental curves. The measured full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the pencil beam in air at the isocenter was energy-dependent for both particle species: in particular, for protons, the spot size ranged from 0.7 to 2.2 cm. For carbon ions, two sets of spot size are available: FWHM ranged from 0.4 to 0.8 cm (for the smaller spot size) and from 0.8 to 1.1 cm (for the larger one). The spot position was accurate to within ± 1 mm over the whole 20 × 20 cm(2) scan field; homogeneity in a uniform squared field was within ± 5% for both particle types at any energy. QA results exceeding tolerance levels were rarely found. In the reporting period, the machine downtime was around 6%, of which 4.5% was due to planned maintenance shutdowns. After successful dosimetric beam commissioning, quality assurance measurements performed during a 24-month period show

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brown, K. A.; Schoefer, V.; Tomizawa, M.

The new accelerator complex at J-PARC will operate with both high energy and very high intensity proton beams. With a design slow extraction efficiency of greater than 99% this facility will still be depositing significant beam power onto accelerator components [2]. To achieve even higher efficiencies requires some new ideas. The design of the extraction system and the accelerator lattice structure leaves little room for improvement using conventional techniques. In this report we will present one method for improving the slow extraction efficiency at J-PARC by adding duodecapoles or octupoles to the slow extraction system. We will review the theorymore » of resonant extraction, describe simulation methods, and present the results of detailed simulations. From our investigations we find that we can improve extraction efficiency and thereby reduce the level of residual activation in the accelerator components and surrounding shielding.« less

Electra: Repetitively Pulsed 700 J, 100 ns Electron Beam Pumped KrF Laser

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-01

the Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) requirements for durability, efficiency, and cost. The technologies developed on Electra should be directly scalable...and S. Searles, "Electron beam pumped krypton fluoride lasers for fusion energy ," Proc. IEEE, vol. 92, pp. 1043-1056, July 2004. [2] M.C. Myers, J.D...34Repetitively pulsed, high energy KrF lasers for inertial fusion energy ," Nucl. Fusion, vol. 44, pp. S247-S253, November 2004. [3] J.D. Sethian, M

Commissioning of a Varian Clinac iX 6 MV photon beam using Monte Carlo simulation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dirgayussa, I Gde Eka, E-mail: ekadirgayussa@gmail.com; Yani, Sitti; Haryanto, Freddy, E-mail: freddy@fi.itb.ac.id

2015-09-30

Monte Carlo modelling of a linear accelerator is the first and most important step in Monte Carlo dose calculations in radiotherapy. Monte Carlo is considered today to be the most accurate and detailed calculation method in different fields of medical physics. In this research, we developed a photon beam model for Varian Clinac iX 6 MV equipped with MilleniumMLC120 for dose calculation purposes using BEAMnrc/DOSXYZnrc Monte Carlo system based on the underlying EGSnrc particle transport code. Monte Carlo simulation for this commissioning head LINAC divided in two stages are design head Linac model using BEAMnrc, characterize this model using BEAMDPmore » and analyze the difference between simulation and measurement data using DOSXYZnrc. In the first step, to reduce simulation time, a virtual treatment head LINAC was built in two parts (patient-dependent component and patient-independent component). The incident electron energy varied 6.1 MeV, 6.2 MeV and 6.3 MeV, 6.4 MeV, and 6.6 MeV and the FWHM (full width at half maximum) of source is 1 mm. Phase-space file from the virtual model characterized using BEAMDP. The results of MC calculations using DOSXYZnrc in water phantom are percent depth doses (PDDs) and beam profiles at depths 10 cm were compared with measurements. This process has been completed if the dose difference of measured and calculated relative depth-dose data along the central-axis and dose profile at depths 10 cm is ≤ 5%. The effect of beam width on percentage depth doses and beam profiles was studied. Results of the virtual model were in close agreement with measurements in incident energy electron 6.4 MeV. Our results showed that photon beam width could be tuned using large field beam profile at the depth of maximum dose. The Monte Carlo model developed in this study accurately represents the Varian Clinac iX with millennium MLC 120 leaf and can be used for reliable patient dose calculations. In this commissioning process, the

Comparison of trigeminal neuralgia radiosurgery plans using two film detectors for the commissioning of small photon beams

PubMed Central

Esparza‐Moreno, Karina P.; Ballesteros‐Zebadúa, Paola; Lárraga‐Gutiérrez, José M.; Moreno‐Jiménez, Sergio; Celis‐López, Miguel A.

2013-01-01

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic, episodic facial pain syndrome that can be extremely intense, and it occurs within the regions of the face that are innervated by the three branches of the trigeminal nerve. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is the least invasive procedure to treat TN. SRS uses narrow photon beams that require high spatial resolution techniques for their measurement. The use of radiographic or radiochromic films for small‐field dosimetry is advantageous because high spatial resolution and two‐dimensional dose measurements can be performed. Because these films have different properties, it is expected that the calculated dose distributions for TN patients will behave differently, depending on the detector used for the commissioning of the small photon beams. This work is based on two sets of commissioned data: one commissioned with X‐OMAT V2 film and one commissioned with EBT2 film. The calculated dose distributions for 23 TN patients were compared between the commissioning datasets. The variables observed were the differences in the half widths of the 35 and 40 Gy isodose lines (related to the entrance distance to the brainstem) and the volume of the brainstem that received a dose of 12 Gy or more (V12). The results of this comparison showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two calculated dose distributions. The magnitudes of these differences were up to 0.33 mm and 0.38 mm for the 35 and 40 Gy isodose lines. The corresponding difference for the V12 was up to 2.1 cc. It is clear that these differences may impact the treatment of TN patients, and then it must be important to perform this type of analysis when observing complication rates. Clinical reports on irradiation techniques for trigeminal neuralgia should consider that different detectors used for commissioning treatment planning systems might result in small but significant differences in dose distributions. PACS number: 87.55.km PMID:24257267

Final implementation, commissioning, and performance of embedded collimator beam position monitors in the Large Hadron Collider

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Valentino, Gianluca; Baud, Guillaume; Bruce, Roderik; Gasior, Marek; Mereghetti, Alessio; Mirarchi, Daniele; Olexa, Jakub; Redaelli, Stefano; Salvachua, Belen; Valloni, Alessandra; Wenninger, Jorg

2017-08-01

During Long Shutdown 1, 18 Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collimators were replaced with a new design, in which beam position monitor (BPM) pick-up buttons are embedded in the collimator jaws. The BPMs provide a direct measurement of the beam orbit at the collimators, and therefore can be used to align the collimators more quickly than using the standard technique which relies on feedback from beam losses. Online orbit measurements also allow for reducing operational margins in the collimation hierarchy placed specifically to cater for unknown orbit drifts, therefore decreasing the β* and increasing the luminosity reach of the LHC. In this paper, the results from the commissioning of the embedded BPMs in the LHC are presented. The data acquisition and control software architectures are reviewed. A comparison with the standard alignment technique is provided, together with a fill-to-fill analysis of the measured orbit in different machine modes, which will also be used to determine suitable beam interlocks for a tighter collimation hierarchy.

Two-beam combined 3.36  J, 100  Hz diode-pumped high beam quality Nd:YAG laser system.

PubMed

Qiu, J S; Tang, X X; Fan, Z W; Wang, H C; Liu, H

2016-07-20

In this paper, we develop a diode-pumped all-solid-state high-energy and high beam quality Nd:YAG laser system. A master oscillator power amplifier structure is used to provide a high pulse energy laser output with a high repetition rate. In order to decrease the amplifier working current so as to reduce the impact of the thermal effect on the beam quality, a beam splitting-amplifying-combining scheme is adopted. The energy extraction efficiency of the laser system is 50.68%. We achieve 3.36 J pulse energy at a 100 Hz repetition rate with a pulse duration of 7.1 ns, a far-field beam spot 1.71 times the diffraction limit, and 1.07% energy stability (RMS).

NORAD's PARCS small satellite tests (1976 and 1978)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kessler, D. J.

1985-01-01

NORAD sponsored small satellite tests in 1976 and 1978. The purpose of the tests was to use their more sensitive radar to determine the number of Earth orbiting objects which are not part of the official catalogue. Both tests used the PARCS radar. The characteristics of this radar are given. The detection capability of NORAD's operational system is estimated and compared to the PARC's radar sensitivity during these tests. The tests only slightly improved the detection capability, and the largest improvements were at the lowest and highest regions of its sensitivity range. The major conclusion of the test is that 17.7% of the objects detected were uncorrelated (i.e., not in the official catalogue). However, perhaps most significant is the altitutde and size distribution of detected objects are illustrated. The 1978 results are also summarized. This test concluded that at least 7% of the objects detected were not in the official catalogue. Another 6% of the detected objects were not tracked well enough to determine their status. Again, a large percentage of the detected objects at lower altitudes were not in the catalogue.

NORAD's PARCS small satellite tests (1976 and 1978)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kessler, D. J.

1985-03-01

NORAD sponsored small satellite tests in 1976 and 1978. The purpose of the tests was to use their more sensitive radar to determine the number of Earth orbiting objects which are not part of the official catalogue. Both tests used the PARCS radar. The characteristics of this radar are given. The detection capability of NORAD's operational system is estimated and compared to the PARC's radar sensitivity during these tests. The tests only slightly improved the detection capability, and the largest improvements were at the lowest and highest regions of its sensitivity range. The major conclusion of the test is that 17.7% of the objects detected were uncorrelated (i.e., not in the official catalogue). However, perhaps most significant is the altitutde and size distribution of detected objects are illustrated. The 1978 results are also summarized. This test concluded that at least 7% of the objects detected were not in the official catalogue. Another 6% of the detected objects were not tracked well enough to determine their status. Again, a large percentage of the detected objects at lower altitudes were not in the catalogue.

The photon beam transport and diagnostics system at FERMI@Elettra, the Italian seeded FEL source: commissioning experience and most recent results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zangrando, Marco; Abrami, Alessandro; Cocco, Daniele; Fava, Claudio; Gerusina, Simone; Gobessi, Riccardo; Mahne, Nicola; Mazzucco, Eric; Raimondi, Lorenzo; Rumiz, Luca; Svetina, Cristian; Parmigiani, Fulvio

2012-10-01

FERMI@Elettra, the Italian Free Electron Laser (FEL) source, is in an advanced commissioning phase, having already delivered radiation down to the endstations. The facility is routinely using the low energy branch (FEL1) to produce photons in the 65-20 nm range, while the 20-4 nm range will be covered by FEL2 that is now being commissioned. A dedicated system to collect, diagnose, transport and focus the radiation (PADReS) is used to provide informations about the photon beam intensity, position, spectral content, transverse coherence, and so on. The experience gathered so far, as well as the most recent results both from the diagnostic section and the beam manipulation part are presented here.

Code Development in Coupled PARCS/RELAP5 for Supercritical Water Reactor

DOE PAGES

Hu, Po; Wilson, Paul

2014-01-01

The new capability is added to the existing coupled code package PARCS/RELAP5, in order to analyze SCWR design under supercritical pressure with the separated water coolant and moderator channels. This expansion is carried out on both codes. In PARCS, modification is focused on extending the water property tables to supercritical pressure, modifying the variable mapping input file and related code module for processing thermal-hydraulic information from separated coolant/moderator channels, and modifying neutronics feedback module to deal with the separated coolant/moderator channels. In RELAP5, modification is focused on incorporating more accurate water properties near SCWR operation/transient pressure and temperature in themore » code. Confirming tests of the modifications is presented and the major analyzing results from the extended codes package are summarized.« less

A new X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for extraterrestrial materials using a muon beam

PubMed Central

Terada, K.; Ninomiya, K.; Osawa, T.; Tachibana, S.; Miyake, Y.; Kubo, M. K.; Kawamura, N.; Higemoto, W.; Tsuchiyama, A.; Ebihara, M.; Uesugi, M.

2014-01-01

The recent development of the intense pulsed muon source at J-PARC MUSE, Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex/MUon Science Establishment (106 s−1 for a momentum of 60 MeV/c), enabled us to pioneer a new frontier in analytical sciences. Here, we report a non-destructive elemental analysis using µ− capture. Controlling muon momentum from 32.5 to 57.5 MeV/c, we successfully demonstrate a depth-profile analysis of light elements (B, C, N, and O) from several mm-thick layered materials and non-destructive bulk analyses of meteorites containing organic materials. Muon beam analysis, enabling a bulk analysis of light to heavy elements without severe radioactivation, is a unique analytical method complementary to other non-destructive analyses. Furthermore, this technology can be used as a powerful tool to identify the content and distribution of organic components in future asteroidal return samples. PMID:24861282

A new X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for extraterrestrial materials using a muon beam.

PubMed

Terada, K; Ninomiya, K; Osawa, T; Tachibana, S; Miyake, Y; Kubo, M K; Kawamura, N; Higemoto, W; Tsuchiyama, A; Ebihara, M; Uesugi, M

2014-05-27

The recent development of the intense pulsed muon source at J-PARC MUSE, Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex/MUon Science Establishment (10(6) s(-1) for a momentum of 60 MeV/c), enabled us to pioneer a new frontier in analytical sciences. Here, we report a non-destructive elemental analysis using µ(-) capture. Controlling muon momentum from 32.5 to 57.5 MeV/c, we successfully demonstrate a depth-profile analysis of light elements (B, C, N, and O) from several mm-thick layered materials and non-destructive bulk analyses of meteorites containing organic materials. Muon beam analysis, enabling a bulk analysis of light to heavy elements without severe radioactivation, is a unique analytical method complementary to other non-destructive analyses. Furthermore, this technology can be used as a powerful tool to identify the content and distribution of organic components in future asteroidal return samples.

Status of the RF-driven H{sup −} ion source for J-PARC linac

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oguri, H., E-mail: oguri.hidetomo@jaea.go.jp; Ohkoshi, K.; Ikegami, K.

2016-02-15

For the upgrade of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex linac beam current, a cesiated RF-driven negative hydrogen ion source was installed during the 2014 summer shutdown period, with subsequent operations commencing on September 29, 2014. The ion source has been successfully operating with a beam current and duty factor of 33 mA and 1.25% (500 μs and 25 Hz), respectively. The result of recent beam operation has demonstrated that the ion source is capable of continuous operation for approximately 1100 h. The spark rate at the beam extractor was observed to be at a frequency of less than oncemore » a day, which is an acceptable level for user operation. Although an antenna failure occurred during operation on October 26, 2014, no subsequent serious issues have occurred since then.« less

ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV of Streptococcus pneumoniae is a primary target of fluoroquinolones and cooperates with DNA gyrase A subunit in forming resistance phenotype.

PubMed Central

Muñoz, R; De La Campa, A G

1996-01-01

The genes encoding the ParC and ParE subunits of topoisomerase IV of Streptococcus pneumoniae, together with the region encoding amino acids 46 to 172 (residue numbers are as in Escherichia coli) of the pneumococcal GyrA subunit, were partially characterized. The gyrA gene maps to a physical location distant from the gyrB and parC loci on the chromosome, whereas parC is closely linked to parE. Ciprofloxacin-resistant (Cpr) clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae had mutations affecting amino acid residues of the quinolone resistance-determining region of ParC (low-level Cpr) or in both quinolone resistance-determining regions of ParC and GyrA (high-level Cpr). Mutations were found in residue positions equivalent to the serine at position 83 and the aspartic acid at position 87 of the E. coli GyrA subunit. Transformation experiments suggest that ParC is the primary target of ciprofloxacin. Mutation in parC appears to be a prerequisite before mutations in gyrA can influence resistance levels. PMID:8891124

Sarah J. Hale High School Project BEAM-UP, 1985-86. OEA Evaluation Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York City Board of Education, Brooklyn, NY. Office of Educational Evaluation.

Project BEAM-UP offers English as a second language (ESL), native language arts, and bilingual content-area instruction to students of limited English proficiency (LEP) in grades 9 through 12 at Sarah J. Hale High School in Brooklyn, New York. The student participants speak Spanish or Haitian Creole. The goal of the program is to help these…

[Mutations of gyrA gene and parC gene in fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from sporadic diarrheal cases].

PubMed

Ishiguro, Fubito; Toho, Miho; Yamazaki, Mitsugu; Matsuyuki, Seiko; Moriya, Kazuo; Tanaka, Daisuke; Isobe, Junko; Kyota, Yoshito; Muraoka, Michio

2006-09-01

We studied 107 isolates of Escherichia coli O153 from sporadic diarrhea cases in Fukui, Toyama, Aichi, and Saga prefectures from 1991 to 2005 for antimicrobial susceptibility and mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance, based on standard disk diffusion. Of 12 drugs tested, ampicillin displayed resistance to 72.9% of isolates, streptomycin to 48.6%, tetracycline to 46.7%, sulfisoxazole to 46.7%, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole to 29.9%, nalidixic acid (NA) to 29.9%, and ciprofloxacin (CPFX) to 24.3%. Ten of 32 isolates resistant to 3-6 drugs and 16 of 18 isolates resistant to 7-10 drugs were resistant both to NA and CPFX. Mutations of amino acid in quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC genes were detected in 24 isolates resistant both to NA and CPFX, and in 1 isolate resistant to NA. The former possessed a combination of double substitution (S83L and D87L) in GyrA and a single substitution (S80I) in ParC. Some 12 of 24 isolates possessed another single substitution (E84V or E84G or A108T) in ParC. The 25 isolates were classified into 4 types as follows. 1 isolate as type 1: GyrA (S83L) and ParC (S80I); 12 isolates as type 2: GyrA (S83L and D87N) and ParC (S80I); 8 isolates as type 3: GyrA (S83L and D87N) and ParC (S80I and E84G/S80R and E84V); and 4 isolate as type 4: GyrA (S83L and D87N) and ParC (S80I and A108T). In the relationship between amino acid mutations and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of fluoroquinolone, MICs of CPFX, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin showed 1microg/mL, 2microg/mL and 8microg/mL in type 1; 8 approximately 32microg/mL, 8 approximately 32microg/mL and 16 approximately 256microg/mL in type 2; and 32 approximately 256microg/mL' 32 approximately 128microg/mL and 128-->512microg/ mL in types 3 and 4. These results suggest that most of multiple-antimicrobial-resitant E. coli O153 isolates from sporadic diarrhea cases were resistant to fluoroquinolones and possessed mutations at gyrA and parC genes associated with

Material issues relating to high power spallation neutron sources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Futakawa, M.

2015-02-01

Innovative researches using neutrons are being performed at the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), in which a mercury target system is installed for MW-class pulse spallation neutron sources. In order to produce neutrons by the spallation reaction, proton beams are injected into the mercury target. At the moment, when the intense proton beam hits the target, pressure waves are generated in mercury because of the abrupt heat deposition. The pressure waves interact with the target vessel, leading to negative pressure that may cause cavitation along the vessel wall, i.e. on the interface between liquid and solid metals. On the other hand, the structural materials are subjected to irradiation damage due to protons and neutrons, very high cycle fatigue damages and so-called "liquid metal embrittlement". That is, the structural materials must be said to be exposed to the extremely severe environments. In the paper, research and development relating to the material issues in the high power spallation neutron sources that has been performed so far at J-PARC is summarized.

Use of the PARC code to estimate the off-design transonic performance of an over/under turboramjet nozzle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lam, David W.

1995-01-01

The transonic performance of a dual-throat, single-expansion-ramp nozzle (SERN) was investigated with a PARC computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, an external flow Navier-Stokes solver. The nozzle configuration was from a conceptual Mach 5 cruise aircraft powered by four air-breathing turboramjets. Initial test cases used the two-dimensional version of PARC in Euler mode to investigate the effect of geometric variation on transonic performance. Additional cases used the two-dimensional version in viscous mode and the three-dimensional version in both Euler and viscous modes. Results of the analysis indicate low nozzle performance and a highly three-dimensional nozzle flow at transonic conditions. In another comparative study using the PARC code, a single-throat SERN configuration for which experimental data were available at transonic conditions was used to validate the results of the over/under turboramjet nozzle.

Notes on dumping gold beam in the AGS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gardner, C.J.; Ahrens, L.; Thieberger, P.

2010-08-01

Localized losses of gold beam in the AGS during RHIC Run 8 produced vacuum leaks which required the replacement of several vacuum chambers. A review of what happened and why was given by Leif Ahrens at the Run 8 Retreat. The following notes trace the subsequent development of clean dumping of gold beam on the beam dump in the J10 straight. The novel idea of stripping Au77+ ions in order to put them directly into the upstream face of the dump was introduced by Leif Ahrens and developed by all three of us. George Mahler made the actual stripping devicemore » and Dave Gassner developed its control. Leif Ahrens successfully commissioned the device with gold beam during Run 10. The reader may find it helpful to first view the figures herein and then refer to the text for details.« less

WE-EF-303-05: Development and Commissioning of Real-Time Imaging Function for Respiratory-Gated Spot-Scanning Proton Beam Therapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Miyamoto, N; Takao, S; Matsuura, T

2015-06-15

Purpose: To realize real-time-image gated proton beam therapy (RGPT) for treating mobile tumors. Methods: The rotating gantry of spot scanning proton beam therapy has been designed to equip two x-ray fluoroscopy devices that enable real-time imaging of the internal fiducial markers during respiration. Three-dimensional position of the fiducial marker located near the tumor can be calculated from the fluoroscopic images obtained from orthogonal directions and therapeutic beam is gated only when the fiducial marker is within the predefined gating window. Image acquisition rate can be selected from discrete value ranging from 0.1 Hz to 30 Hz. In order to confirmmore » the effectiveness of RGPT and apply it clinically, clinical commissioning was conducted. Commissioning tests were categorized to main three parts including geometric accuracy, temporal accuracy and dosimetric evaluation. Results: Developed real-time imaging function has been installed and its basic performances have been confirmed. In the evaluation of geometric accuracy, coincidence of three-dimensional treatment room coordinate system and imaging coordinate system was confirmed to be less than 1 mm. Fiducial markers (gold sphere and coil) were able to be tracked in simulated clinical condition using an anthropomorphic chest phantom. In the evaluation of temporal accuracy, latency from image acquisition to gate on/off signal was about 60 msec in typical case. In dosimetric evaluation, treatment beam characteristics including beam irradiation position and dose output were stable in gated irradiation. Homogeneity indices to the mobile target were 0.99 (static), 0.89 (w/o gating, motion is parallel to direction of scan), 0.75 (w/o gating, perpendicular), 0.98 (w/ gating, parallel) and 0.93 (w/ gating, perpendicular). Dose homogeneity to the mobile target can be maintained in RGPT. Conclusion: Real-time imaging function utilizing x-ray fluoroscopy has been developed and commissioned successfully in order

High dose-per-pulse electron beam dosimetry: Commissioning of the Oriatron eRT6 prototype linear accelerator for preclinical use.

PubMed

Jaccard, Maud; Durán, Maria Teresa; Petersson, Kristoffer; Germond, Jean-François; Liger, Philippe; Vozenin, Marie-Catherine; Bourhis, Jean; Bochud, François; Bailat, Claude

2018-02-01

The Oriatron eRT6 is an experimental high dose-per-pulse linear accelerator (linac) which was designed to deliver an electron beam with variable dose-rates, ranging from a few Gy/min up to hundreds of Gy/s. It was built to study the radiobiological effects of high dose-per-pulse/dose-rate electron beam irradiation, in the context of preclinical and cognitive studies. In this work, we report on the commissioning and beam monitoring of the Oriatron eRT6 prototype linac. The beam was characterized in different steps. The output stability was studied by performing repeated measurements over a period of 20 months. The relative output variations caused by changing beam parameters, such as the temporal electron pulse width, the pulse repetition frequency and the pulse amplitude were also analyzed. Finally, depth dose curves and field sizes were measured for two different beam settings, resulting in one beam with a conventional radiotherapy dose-rate and one with a much higher dose-rate. Measurements were performed with Gafchromic EBT3 films and with a PTW Advanced Markus ionization chamber. In addition, we developed a beam current monitoring system based on the signals from an induction torus positioned at the beam exit of the waveguide and from a graphite beam collimator. The stability of the output over repeated measurements was found to be good, with a standard deviation smaller than 1%. However, non-negligible day-to-day variations of the beam output were observed. Those output variations showed different trends depending on the dose-rate. The analysis of the relative output variation as a function of various beam parameters showed that in a given configuration, the dose-rate could be reliably varied over three orders of magnitude. Interdependence effects on the output variation between the parameters were also observed. The beam energy and field size were found to be slightly dose-rate-dependent and suitable mainly for small animal irradiation. The beam monitoring

Safe operating conditions for NSLS-II Storage Ring Frontends commissioning

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Seletskiy, S.; Amundsen, C.; Ha, K.

2015-04-02

The NSLS-II Storage Ring Frontends are designed to safely accept the synchrotron radiation fan produced by respective insertion device when the electron beam orbit through the ID is locked inside the predefined Active Interlock Envelope. The Active Interlock is getting enabled at a particular beam current known as AI safe current limit. Below such current the beam orbit can be anywhere within the limits of the SR beam acceptance. During the FE commissioning the beam orbit is getting intentionally disturbed in the particular ID. In this paper we explore safe operating conditions for the Frontends commissioning.

Latest developments on fibered MOPA in mJ range with hollow-core fiber beam delivery and fiber beam shaping used as seeder for large scale laser facilities (Conference Presentation)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gleyze, Jean-François; Scol, Florent; Perrin, Arnaud; Gouriou, Pierre; Valentin, Constance; Bouwmans, Géraud; Hugonnot, Emmanuel

2017-05-01

The Laser Megajoule (LMJ) is a French large scale laser facility dedicated to inertial fusion and plasma physics research. LMJ front-ends are based on fiber laser technology at nanojoule range [1]. Scaling the energy of those fiber seeders to the millijoule range is a way to upgrade LMJ's front ends architecture and could also be used as seeder for lasers for ELI project for example. However, required performances are so restrictive (optical-signal-to-noise ratio higher than 50 dB, temporally-shaped nanosecond pulses and spatial single-mode top-hat beam output) that such fiber systems are very tricky to build. High-energy fiber amplifiers In 2015, we have demonstrated, an all-fiber MOPA prototype able to produce a millijoule seeder, but unfortunately not 100% conform for all LMJ's performances. A major difficulty was to manage the frequency modulation used to avoid stimulated Brillouin scattering, to amplitude modulation (FM-AM) conversion, this limits the energy at 170µJ. For upgrading the energy to the millijoule range, it's necessary to use an amplifier with a larger core fiber. However, this fiber must still be flexible; polarization maintaining and exhibit a strictly single-mode behaviour. We are thus developing a new amplifier architecture based on an Yb-doped tapered fiber: its core diameter is from a narrow input to a wide output (MFD 8 to 26 µm). A S² measurement on a 2,5m long tapered fiber rolled-up on 22 cm diameter confirmed that this original geometry allows obtaining strictly single-mode behaviour. In a 1 kHz repetition rate regime, we already obtain 750 µJ pulses, and we are on the way to mJ, respecting LMJ performances. Beam delivery In LMJ architecture the distance between the nanojoule fiber seeder and the amplifier stages is about 16 m. Beam delivery is achieved with a standard PM fiber, such a solution is no longer achievable with hundreds of kilowatt peak powers. An efficient way to minimize nonlinear effects is to use hollow-core (HC

TU-AB-BRC-11: Moving a GPU-OpenCL-Based Monte Carlo (MC) Dose Engine Towards Routine Clinical Use: Automatic Beam Commissioning and Efficient Source Sampling

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tian, Z; Folkerts, M; Jiang, S

Purpose: We have previously developed a GPU-OpenCL-based MC dose engine named goMC with built-in analytical linac beam model. To move goMC towards routine clinical use, we have developed an automatic beam-commissioning method, and an efficient source sampling strategy to facilitate dose calculations for real treatment plans. Methods: Our commissioning method is to automatically adjust the relative weights among the sub-sources, through an optimization process minimizing the discrepancies between calculated dose and measurements. Six models built for Varian Truebeam linac photon beams (6MV, 10MV, 15MV, 18MV, 6MVFFF, 10MVFFF) were commissioned using measurement data acquired at our institution. To facilitate dose calculationsmore » for real treatment plans, we employed inverse sampling method to efficiently incorporate MLC leaf-sequencing into source sampling. Specifically, instead of sampling source particles control-point by control-point and rejecting the particles blocked by MLC, we assigned a control-point index to each sampled source particle, according to MLC leaf-open duration of each control-point at the pixel where the particle intersects the iso-center plane. Results: Our auto-commissioning method decreased distance-to-agreement (DTA) of depth dose at build-up regions by 36.2% averagely, making it within 1mm. Lateral profiles were better matched for all beams, with biggest improvement found at 15MV for which root-mean-square difference was reduced from 1.44% to 0.50%. Maximum differences of output factors were reduced to less than 0.7% for all beams, with largest decrease being from1.70% to 0.37% found at 10FFF. Our new sampling strategy was tested on a Head&Neck VMAT patient case. Achieving clinically acceptable accuracy, the new strategy could reduce the required history number by a factor of ∼2.8 given a statistical uncertainty level and hence achieve a similar speed-up factor. Conclusion: Our studies have demonstrated the feasibility and

Commissioning of a kW-class nanosecond pulsed DPSSL operating at 105 J, 10 Hz

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mason, Paul; Divoký, Martin; Butcher, Thomas; Pilař, Jan; Ertel, Klaus; Hanuš, Martin; De Vido, Mariastefania; Banerjee, Saumyabrata; Phillips, Jonathan; Smith, Jodie; Hollingham, Ian; Muresan, Mihai-George; Landowski, Brian; Suarez-Merchan, Jorge; Thomas, Adrian; Dominey, Mark; Benson, Luke; Lintern, Andrew; Costello, Billy; Tomlinson, Stephanie; Blake, Steve; Tyldesley, Mike; Lucianetti, Antonio; Hernandez-Gomez, Cristina; Edwards, Chris; Mocek, Tomas; Collier, John

2017-05-01

In this paper we present details of the commissioning of DiPOLE100, a kW-class nanosecond pulsed diode pumped solid state laser (DPSSL), at the HiLASE Centre at Dolní Břežany in the Czech Republic. The laser system, built at the Central Laser Facility (CLF), was dismantled, packaged, shipped and reassembled at HiLASE over a 12 month period by a collaborative team from the CLF and HiLASE. First operation of the laser at the end of 2016 demonstrated amplification of 10 ns pulses at 10 Hz pulse repetition rate to an energy of 105 J at 1029.5 nm, representing the world's first kW average power, high-energy, nanosecond pulsed DPSSL. To date DiPOLE100 has been operated for over 2.5 hours at energies in excess of 100 J at 10 Hz, corresponding to nearly 105 shots, and has demonstrated long term energy stability of less than 1% RMS for continuous operation over 1 hour. This confirms the power scalability of multislab cryogenic gas-cooled amplifier technology and demonstrates its potential as a laser driver for next generation scientific, industrial, and medical applications.

Status of the SPIRAL2 injector commissioning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thuillier, T.; Angot, J.; Barué, C.; Bertrand, P.; Biarrotte, J. L.; Canet, C.; Denis, J.-F.; Ferdinand, R.; Flambard, J.-L.; Jacob, J.; Jardin, P.; Lamy, T.; Lemagnen, F.; Maunoury, L.; Osmond, B.; Peaucelle, C.; Roger, A.; Sole, P.; Touzery, R.; Tuske, O.; Uriot, D.

2016-02-01

The SPIRAL2 injector, installed in its tunnel, is currently under commissioning at GANIL, Caen, France. The injector is composed of two low energy beam transport lines: one is dedicated to the light ion beam production, the other to the heavy ions. The first light ion beam, created by a 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source, has been successfully produced in December 2014. The first beam of the PHOENIX V2 18 GHz heavy ion source was analyzed on 10 July 2015. A status of the SPIRAL2 injector commissioning is given. An upgrade of the heavy ion source, named PHOENIX V3 aimed to replace the V2, is presented. The new version features a doubled plasma chamber volume and the high charge state beam intensity is expected to increase by a factor of 1.5 to 2 up to the mass ˜50. A status of its assembly is proposed.

Status of the SPIRAL2 injector commissioning.

PubMed

Thuillier, T; Angot, J; Barué, C; Bertrand, P; Biarrotte, J L; Canet, C; Denis, J-F; Ferdinand, R; Flambard, J-L; Jacob, J; Jardin, P; Lamy, T; Lemagnen, F; Maunoury, L; Osmond, B; Peaucelle, C; Roger, A; Sole, P; Touzery, R; Tuske, O; Uriot, D

2016-02-01

The SPIRAL2 injector, installed in its tunnel, is currently under commissioning at GANIL, Caen, France. The injector is composed of two low energy beam transport lines: one is dedicated to the light ion beam production, the other to the heavy ions. The first light ion beam, created by a 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source, has been successfully produced in December 2014. The first beam of the PHOENIX V2 18 GHz heavy ion source was analyzed on 10 July 2015. A status of the SPIRAL2 injector commissioning is given. An upgrade of the heavy ion source, named PHOENIX V3 aimed to replace the V2, is presented. The new version features a doubled plasma chamber volume and the high charge state beam intensity is expected to increase by a factor of 1.5 to 2 up to the mass ∼50. A status of its assembly is proposed.

Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of topoisomerase IV in quinolone-resistant clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PubMed

Deguchi, T; Fukuoka, A; Yasuda, M; Nakano, M; Ozeki, S; Kanematsu, E; Nishino, Y; Ishihara, S; Ban, Y; Kawada, Y

1997-03-01

We determined a partial sequence of the Klebsiella pneumoniae parC gene, including the region analogous to the quinolone resistance-determining region of the Escherichia coli gyrA gene, and examined 26 clinical strains of K. pneumoniae for an association of alterations in GyrA and ParC with susceptibilities to quinolones. The study suggests that in K. pneumoniae DNA gyrase is a primary target of quinolones and that ParC alterations play a complementary role in the development of higher-level fluoroquinolone resistance.

Prototype electron lens set-up for the Tevatron beam-beam compensation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Crawford, C.; Saewert, G.; Santucci, J.

1999-05-17

A prototype "electron lens" for the Tevatron beam-beam compensation project is commissioned at Fermilab. We de-scribe the set-up, report results of the first tests of the elec-tron beam, and discuss future plans.

Implementation of a SVWP-based laser beam shaping technique for generation of 100-mJ-level picosecond pulses.

PubMed

Adamonis, J; Aleknavičius, A; Michailovas, K; Balickas, S; Petrauskienė, V; Gertus, T; Michailovas, A

2016-10-01

We present implementation of the energy-efficient and flexible laser beam shaping technique in a high-power and high-energy laser amplifier system. The beam shaping is based on a spatially variable wave plate (SVWP) fabricated by femtosecond laser nanostructuring of glass. We reshaped the initially Gaussian beam into a super-Gaussian (SG) of the 12th order with efficiency of about 50%. The 12th order of the SG beam provided the best compromise between large fill factor, low diffraction on the edges of the active media, and moderate intensity distribution modification during free-space propagation. We obtained 150 mJ pulses of 532 nm radiation. High-energy, pulse duration of 85 ps and the nearly flat-top spatial profile of the beam make it ideal for pumping optical parametric chirped pulse amplification systems.

Nonlinear Elastic J-Integral Measurements in Mode I Using a Tapered Double Cantilever Beam Geometry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Macon, David J.

2006-01-01

An expression for the J-integral of a nonlinear elastic material is derived for an advancing crack in a tapered double cantilever beam fracture specimen. The elastic and plastic fracture energies related to the test geometry and how these energies correlates to the crack position are discussed. The dimensionless shape factors eta(sub el and eta(sub p) are shown to be equivalent and the deformation J-integral is analyzed in terms of the eta(sub el) function. The fracture results from a structural epoxy are interpreted using the discussed approach. The magnitude of the plastic dissipation is found to strongly depend upon the initial crack shape.

Optimization, Characterization and Commissioning of a Novel Uniform Scanning Proton Beam Delivery System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mascia, Anthony Edward

Purpose: To develop and characterize the required detectors for uniform scanning optimization and characterization, and to develop the methodology and assess their efficacy for optimizing, characterizing and commissioning a novel proton beam uniform scanning system. Methods and Materials: The Multi Layer Ion Chamber (MLIC), a 1D array of vented parallel plate ion chambers, was developed in-house for measurement of longitudinal profiles. The Matrixx detector (IBA Dosimetry, Germany) and XOmat V film (Kodak, USA) were characterized for measurement of transverse profiles. The architecture of the uniform scanning system was developed and then optimized and characterized for clinical proton radiotherapy. Results: The MLIC detector significantly increased data collection efficiency without sacrificing data quality. The MLIC was capable of integrating an entire scanned and layer stacked proton field with one measurement, producing results with the equivalent spatial sampling of 1.0mm. The Matrixx detector and modified 1D water phantom jig improved data acquisition efficiency and complemented the film measurements. The proximal, central and distal proton field planes were measured using these methods, yielding better than 3% uniformity. The binary range modulator was programmed, optimized and characterized such that the proton field ranges were separated by approximately 5.0mm modulation width and delivered with an accuracy of 1.0mm in water. Several wobbling magnet scan patterns were evaluated and the raster pattern, spot spacing, scan amplitude and overscan margin were optimized for clinical use. Conclusion: Novel detectors and methods are required for clinically efficient optimization and characterization of proton beam scanning systems. Uniform scanning produces proton beam fields that are suited for clinical proton radiotherapy.

Commissioning dose computation models for spot scanning proton beams in water for a commercially available treatment planning system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhu, X. R.; Poenisch, F.; Lii, M.

2013-04-15

Purpose: To present our method and experience in commissioning dose models in water for spot scanning proton therapy in a commercial treatment planning system (TPS). Methods: The input data required by the TPS included in-air transverse profiles and integral depth doses (IDDs). All input data were obtained from Monte Carlo (MC) simulations that had been validated by measurements. MC-generated IDDs were converted to units of Gy mm{sup 2}/MU using the measured IDDs at a depth of 2 cm employing the largest commercially available parallel-plate ionization chamber. The sensitive area of the chamber was insufficient to fully encompass the entire lateralmore » dose deposited at depth by a pencil beam (spot). To correct for the detector size, correction factors as a function of proton energy were defined and determined using MC. The fluence of individual spots was initially modeled as a single Gaussian (SG) function and later as a double Gaussian (DG) function. The DG fluence model was introduced to account for the spot fluence due to contributions of large angle scattering from the devices within the scanning nozzle, especially from the spot profile monitor. To validate the DG fluence model, we compared calculations and measurements, including doses at the center of spread out Bragg peaks (SOBPs) as a function of nominal field size, range, and SOBP width, lateral dose profiles, and depth doses for different widths of SOBP. Dose models were validated extensively with patient treatment field-specific measurements. Results: We demonstrated that the DG fluence model is necessary for predicting the field size dependence of dose distributions. With this model, the calculated doses at the center of SOBPs as a function of nominal field size, range, and SOBP width, lateral dose profiles and depth doses for rectangular target volumes agreed well with respective measured values. With the DG fluence model for our scanning proton beam line, we successfully treated more than 500

Commissioning dose computation models for spot scanning proton beams in water for a commercially available treatment planning system

PubMed Central

Zhu, X. R.; Poenisch, F.; Lii, M.; Sawakuchi, G. O.; Titt, U.; Bues, M.; Song, X.; Zhang, X.; Li, Y.; Ciangaru, G.; Li, H.; Taylor, M. B.; Suzuki, K.; Mohan, R.; Gillin, M. T.; Sahoo, N.

2013-01-01

Purpose: To present our method and experience in commissioning dose models in water for spot scanning proton therapy in a commercial treatment planning system (TPS). Methods: The input data required by the TPS included in-air transverse profiles and integral depth doses (IDDs). All input data were obtained from Monte Carlo (MC) simulations that had been validated by measurements. MC-generated IDDs were converted to units of Gy mm2/MU using the measured IDDs at a depth of 2 cm employing the largest commercially available parallel-plate ionization chamber. The sensitive area of the chamber was insufficient to fully encompass the entire lateral dose deposited at depth by a pencil beam (spot). To correct for the detector size, correction factors as a function of proton energy were defined and determined using MC. The fluence of individual spots was initially modeled as a single Gaussian (SG) function and later as a double Gaussian (DG) function. The DG fluence model was introduced to account for the spot fluence due to contributions of large angle scattering from the devices within the scanning nozzle, especially from the spot profile monitor. To validate the DG fluence model, we compared calculations and measurements, including doses at the center of spread out Bragg peaks (SOBPs) as a function of nominal field size, range, and SOBP width, lateral dose profiles, and depth doses for different widths of SOBP. Dose models were validated extensively with patient treatment field-specific measurements. Results: We demonstrated that the DG fluence model is necessary for predicting the field size dependence of dose distributions. With this model, the calculated doses at the center of SOBPs as a function of nominal field size, range, and SOBP width, lateral dose profiles and depth doses for rectangular target volumes agreed well with respective measured values. With the DG fluence model for our scanning proton beam line, we successfully treated more than 500 patients from

Commissioning dose computation models for spot scanning proton beams in water for a commercially available treatment planning system.

PubMed

Zhu, X R; Poenisch, F; Lii, M; Sawakuchi, G O; Titt, U; Bues, M; Song, X; Zhang, X; Li, Y; Ciangaru, G; Li, H; Taylor, M B; Suzuki, K; Mohan, R; Gillin, M T; Sahoo, N

2013-04-01

To present our method and experience in commissioning dose models in water for spot scanning proton therapy in a commercial treatment planning system (TPS). The input data required by the TPS included in-air transverse profiles and integral depth doses (IDDs). All input data were obtained from Monte Carlo (MC) simulations that had been validated by measurements. MC-generated IDDs were converted to units of Gy mm(2)/MU using the measured IDDs at a depth of 2 cm employing the largest commercially available parallel-plate ionization chamber. The sensitive area of the chamber was insufficient to fully encompass the entire lateral dose deposited at depth by a pencil beam (spot). To correct for the detector size, correction factors as a function of proton energy were defined and determined using MC. The fluence of individual spots was initially modeled as a single Gaussian (SG) function and later as a double Gaussian (DG) function. The DG fluence model was introduced to account for the spot fluence due to contributions of large angle scattering from the devices within the scanning nozzle, especially from the spot profile monitor. To validate the DG fluence model, we compared calculations and measurements, including doses at the center of spread out Bragg peaks (SOBPs) as a function of nominal field size, range, and SOBP width, lateral dose profiles, and depth doses for different widths of SOBP. Dose models were validated extensively with patient treatment field-specific measurements. We demonstrated that the DG fluence model is necessary for predicting the field size dependence of dose distributions. With this model, the calculated doses at the center of SOBPs as a function of nominal field size, range, and SOBP width, lateral dose profiles and depth doses for rectangular target volumes agreed well with respective measured values. With the DG fluence model for our scanning proton beam line, we successfully treated more than 500 patients from March 2010 through June 2012

Large Hadron Collider commissioning and first operation.

PubMed

Myers, S

2012-02-28

A history of the commissioning and the very successful early operation of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is described. The accident that interrupted the first commissioning, its repair and the enhanced protection system put in place are fully described. The LHC beam commissioning and operational performance are reviewed for the period from 2010 to mid-2011. Preliminary plans for operation and future upgrades for the LHC are given for the short and medium term.

Characteristics of The Narrow Spectrum Beams Used in the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory at the Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission.

PubMed

Melhem, N; El Balaa, H; Younes, G; Al Kattar, Z

2017-06-15

The Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory at the Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission has different calibration methods for various types of dosimeters used in industrial, military and medical fields. The calibration is performed using different beams of X-rays (low and medium energy) and Gamma radiation delivered by a Cesium 137 source. The Secondary Standard Dosimetry laboratory in charge of calibration services uses different protocols for the determination of high and low air kerma rate and for narrow and wide series. In order to perform this calibration work, it is very important to identify all the beam characteristics for the different types of sources and qualities of radiation. The following work describes the methods used for the determination of different beam characteristics and calibration coefficients with their uncertainties in order to enhance the radiation protection of workers and patient applications in the fields of medical diagnosis and industrial X-ray. All the characteristics of the X-ray beams are determined for the narrow spectrum series in the 40 and 200 keV range where the inherent filtration, the current intensity, the high voltage, the beam profile and the total uncertainty are the specific characteristics of these X-ray beams. An X-ray software was developed in order to visualize the reference values according to the characteristics of each beam. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Wisconsin SRF Electron Gun Commissioning

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bisognano, Joseph J.; Bissen, M.; Bosch, R.

The University of Wisconsin has completed fabrication and commissioning of a low frequency (199.6 MHz) superconducting electron gun based on a quarter wave resonator (QWR) cavity. Its concept was optimized to be the source for a CW free electron laser facility. The gun design includes active tuning and a high temperature superconducting solenoid. We will report on the status of the Wisconsin SRF electron gun program, including commissioning experience and first beam measurements.

SU-F-P-49: Comparison of Mapcheck 2 Commission for Photon and Electron Beams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lu, J; Yang, C; Morris, B

2016-06-15

Purpose: We will investigate the performance variation of the MapCheck2 detector array with different array calibration and dose calibration pairs from different radiation therapy machine. Methods: A MapCheck2 detector array was calibrated on 3 Elekta accelerators with different energy of photon (6 MV, 10 MV, 15 MV and 18 MV) and electron (6 MeV, 9 MeV, 12 MeV, 15 MeV, 18 MeV and 20 MeV) beams. Dose calibration was conducted by referring a water phantom measurement following TG-51 protocol and commission data for each accelerator. A 10 cm × 10 cm beam was measured. This measured map was morphed bymore » applying different calibration pairs. Then the difference was quantified by comparing the doses and similarity using gamma analysis of criteria (0.5 %, 0 mm). Profile variation was evaluated on a same dataset with different calibration pairs. The passing rate of an IMRT QA planar dose was calculated by using 3 mm and 3% criteria and compared with respect to each calibration pairs. Results: In this study, a dose variation up to 0.67% for matched photons and 1.0% for electron beams is observed. Differences of flatness and symmetry can be as high as 1% and 0.7% respectively. Gamma analysis shows a passing rate ranging from 34% to 85% for the standard 10 × 10 cm field. Conclusion: Our work demonstrated that a customized array calibration and dose calibration for each machine is preferred to fulfill a high standard patient QA task.« less

SU-E-T-186: Cloud-Based Quality Assurance Application for Linear Accelerator Commissioning

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rogers, J

2015-06-15

Purpose: To identify anomalies and safety issues during data collection and modeling for treatment planning systems Methods: A cloud-based quality assurance system (AQUIRE - Automated QUalIty REassurance) has been developed to allow the uploading and analysis of beam data aquired during the treatment planning system commissioning process. In addition to comparing and aggregating measured data, tools have also been developed to extract dose from the treatment planning system for end-to-end testing. A gamma index is perfomed on the data to give a dose difference and distance-to-agreement for validation that a beam model is generating plans consistent with the beam datamore » collection. Results: Over 20 linear accelerators have been commissioning using this platform, and a variety of errors and potential saftey issues have been caught through the validation process. For example, the gamma index of 2% dose, 2mm DTA is quite sufficient to see curves not corrected for effective point of measurement. Also, data imported into the database is analyzed against an aggregate of similar linear accelerators to show data points that are outliers. The resulting curves in the database exhibit a very small standard deviation and imply that a preconfigured beam model based on aggregated linear accelerators will be sufficient in most cases. Conclusion: With the use of this new platform for beam data commissioning, errors in beam data collection and treatment planning system modeling are greatly reduced. With the reduction in errors during acquisition, the resulting beam models are quite similar, suggesting that a common beam model may be possible in the future. Development is ongoing to create routine quality assurance tools to compare back to the beam data acquired during commissioning. I am a medical physicist for Alzyen Medical Physics, and perform commissioning services.« less

TRACE/PARCS analysis of the OECD/NEA Oskarshamn-2 BWR stability benchmark

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kozlowski, T.; Downar, T.; Xu, Y.

2012-07-01

On February 25, 1999, the Oskarshamn-2 NPP experienced a stability event which culminated in diverging power oscillations with a decay ratio of about 1.4. The event was successfully modeled by the TRACE/PARCS coupled code system, and further analysis of the event is described in this paper. The results show very good agreement with the plant data, capturing the entire behavior of the transient including the onset of instability, growth of the oscillations (decay ratio) and oscillation frequency. This provides confidence in the prediction of other parameters which are not available from the plant records. The event provides coupled code validationmore » for a challenging BWR stability event, which involves the accurate simulation of neutron kinetics (NK), thermal-hydraulics (TH), and TH/NK. coupling. The success of this work has demonstrated the ability of the 3-D coupled systems code TRACE/PARCS to capture the complex behavior of BWR stability events. The problem was released as an international OECD/NEA benchmark, and it is the first benchmark based on measured plant data for a stability event with a DR greater than one. Interested participants are invited to contact authors for more information. (authors)« less

Notification: Congressionally Requested Audit of Improper Funding of Advocacy Campaign for Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission Puget Sound Protection and Restoration Implementation Grant No. PA00J32201

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Project #OA-FY16-0178, May 13, 2016. The EPA OIG plans to begin preliminary research on an audit of the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission (NWIFC) Puget Sound Protection and Restoration Implementation Grant No. PA00J32201.

Determination of the ReA Electron Beam Ion Trap electron beam radius and current density with an X-ray pinhole camera

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baumann, Thomas M.; Lapierre, Alain; Kittimanapun, Kritsada; Schwarz, Stefan; Leitner, Daniela; Bollen, Georg

2014-07-01

The Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) of the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University is used as a charge booster and injector for the currently commissioned rare isotope re-accelerator facility ReA. This EBIT charge breeder is equipped with a unique superconducting magnet configuration, a combination of a solenoid and a pair of Helmholtz coils, allowing for a direct observation of the ion cloud while maintaining the advantages of a long ion trapping region. The current density of its electron beam is a key factor for efficient capture and fast charge breeding of continuously injected, short-lived isotope beams. It depends on the radius of the magnetically compressed electron beam. This radius is measured by imaging the highly charged ion cloud trapped within the electron beam with a pinhole camera, which is sensitive to X-rays emitted by the ions with photon energies between 2 keV and 10 keV. The 80%-radius of a cylindrical 800 mA electron beam with an energy of 15 keV is determined to be r_{80%}=(212± 19)μm in a 4 T magnetic field. From this, a current density of j = (454 ± 83)A/cm2 is derived. These results are in good agreement with electron beam trajectory simulations performed with TriComp and serve as a test for future electron gun design developments.

Commissioning of full energy scanning irradiation with carbon-ion beams ranging from 55.6 to 430 MeV/u at the NIRS-HIMAC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hara, Y.; Furukawa, T.; Mizushima, K.; Inaniwa, T.; Saotome, N.; Tansho, R.; Saraya, Y.; Shirai, T.; Noda, K.

2017-09-01

Since 2011, a three-dimensional (3D) scanning irradiation system has been utilized for treatments at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences-Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (NIRS-HIMAC). In 2012, a hybrid depth scanning method was introduced for the depth direction, in which 11 discrete beam energies are used in conjunction with the range shifter. To suppress beam spread due to multiple scattering and nuclear reactions, we then developed a full energy scanning method. Accelerator tuning and beam commissioning tests prior to a treatment with this method are time-consuming, however. We therefore devised a new approach to obtain the pencil beam dataset, including consideration of the contribution of large-angle scattered (LAS) particles, which reduces the time spent on beam data preparation. The accuracy of 3D dose delivery using this new approach was verified by measuring the dose distributions for different target volumes. Results confirmed that the measured dose distributions agreed well with calculated doses. Following this evaluation, treatments using the full energy scanning method were commenced in September 2015.

The roles of mutations in gyrA, parC, and ompK35 in fluoroquinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PubMed

Chen, Feng-Jui; Lauderdale, Tsai-Ling; Ho, Monto; Lo, Hsiu-Jung

2003-01-01

In a survey of 541 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from 44 hospitals in Taiwan, three distinct populations were identified by the disk diffusion method according to the disribution of zone diameters of ciprofloxacin. Isolates with resistant, reduced-susceptible, and susceptible to fluoroquinolone were defined as CIP zone diameters of < or = 15 mm, 16-26 mm, and > or = 27 mm, respectively. Thus, in addition to 38 (7%) resistant isolates, there were 30 (5.5%) reduced-susceptible isolates and 473 (87.5%) susceptible isolates. A total of 34 isolates consisting of nine resistant, 13 reduced-susceptible, and 12 susceptible isolates were assessed for point mutations in gyrA and parC and the outer membrane profiles. The susceptibility to fluoroquinolone of 13 reduced-susceptible isolates was not altered in the presence of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, an efflux inhibitor, showing that efflux is not a major contributor to reduced susceptibility. In addition to single mutation in gyrA, OmpK35 porin loss can also be the first step for developing fluoroquinolone resistance. No strain possesses a parC mutation without the simultaneous presence of a gyrA mutation, suggesting that mutations in parC play a complementary role for higher-level of fluoroquinolone resistance and fluoroquinolone resistance is a multistep process.

SU-F-T-160: Commissioning of a Single-Room Double-Scattering Proton Therapy System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jin, H; Ahmad, S; Chen, Y

2016-06-15

Purpose: To report the detailed commissioning experience for a compact double-scattering Mevion S250 proton therapy system at a University Cancer Center site. Methods: The commissioning of the proton therapy system mainly consisted of ensuring integrity of mechanical and imaging system, beam data collection, and commissioning of a treatment planning system (TPS). First, mechanical alignment and imaging were tested including safety, interlocks, positional accuracy of couch and gantry, image quality, mechanical and imaging isocenter and so on. Second, extensive beam data (outputs, PDDs, and profiles) were collected and analyzed through effective sampling of range (R) and modulation width (M) from 24more » beam options. Three different output (cGy/MU) prediction models were also commissioned as primary and secondary MU calculation tool. Third, the Varian Eclipse TPS was commissioned through five sets of data collections (in-water Bragg peak scans, in-air longitudinal fluence scans, in-air lateral profiles, in-air half-beam profiles, and an HU-to-stopping-power conversion curve) and accuracy of TPS calculation was tested using in-water scans and dose measurements with a 2D array detector with block and range compensator. Finally, an anthropomorphic phantom was scanned and heterogeneity effects were tested by inserting radiochromic films in the phantom and PET activation scans for range verification in conjunction with end-to-end test. Results: Beam characteristics agreed well with the vendor specifications; however, minor mismatches in R and M were found in some measurements during the beam data collection. These were reflected into the TPS commissioning such that the TPS could accurately predict the R and M within tolerance levels. The output models had a good agreement with measured outputs (<3% error). The end-to-end test using the film and PET showed reasonably the TPS predicted dose, R and M in heterogeneous medium. Conclusion: The proton therapy system was

Commissioning of the Dual-Beam Imaging Polarimeter for the University of Hawaii 88 inch Telescope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Masiero, Joseph; Hodapp, Klaus; Harrington, Dave; Lin, Haosheng

2007-10-01

In this paper we present the design, calibration method, and initial results of the Dual-Beam Imaging Polarimeter (DBIP). This new instrument is designed to measure the optical polarization properties of point sources, in particular, Main Belt asteroids. This instrument interfaces between the Tek 2048×2048 camera and the University of Hawaii's 88 inch telescope and is available for facility use. Using DBIP we are able to measure linear polarization with a 1 σ Poisson signal noise of 0.03% per measurement and a systematic error of order 0.06%+/-0.02%. In addition, we discuss measurements of the polarization of the asteroid 16 Psyche that were taken as part of the instrument commissioning. We confirm Psyche's negative polarization of -1.037%+/-0.006% but find no significant modulation of the signal with rotation above the 0.05% polarization level.

10 CFR 10.34 - Action by the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Action by the Commission. 10.34 Section 10.34 Energy... DATA OR NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION OR AN EMPLOYMENT CLEARANCE Procedures § 10.34 Action by the Commission. (a) Whenever, under the provisions of § 10.28(i), (j), or (l) an individual has not been afforded...

10 CFR 10.34 - Action by the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Action by the Commission. 10.34 Section 10.34 Energy... DATA OR NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION OR AN EMPLOYMENT CLEARANCE Procedures § 10.34 Action by the Commission. (a) Whenever, under the provisions of § 10.28(i), (j), or (l) an individual has not been afforded...

10 CFR 10.34 - Action by the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Action by the Commission. 10.34 Section 10.34 Energy... DATA OR NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION OR AN EMPLOYMENT CLEARANCE Procedures § 10.34 Action by the Commission. (a) Whenever, under the provisions of § 10.28(i), (j), or (l) an individual has not been afforded...

10 CFR 10.34 - Action by the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Action by the Commission. 10.34 Section 10.34 Energy... DATA OR NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION OR AN EMPLOYMENT CLEARANCE Procedures § 10.34 Action by the Commission. (a) Whenever, under the provisions of § 10.28(i), (j), or (l) an individual has not been afforded...

10 CFR 10.34 - Action by the Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Action by the Commission. 10.34 Section 10.34 Energy... DATA OR NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION OR AN EMPLOYMENT CLEARANCE Procedures § 10.34 Action by the Commission. (a) Whenever, under the provisions of § 10.28(i), (j), or (l) an individual has not been afforded...

SU-F-T-138: Commissioning and Evaluating Dose Computation Models for a Dedicated Proton Line Scanning Beam Nozzle in Eclipse Treatment Planning System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tsai, P; Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Huang, H

Purpose: In this study, we present an effective method to derive low dose envelope of the proton in-air spot fluence at beam positions other than the isocenter to reduce amount of measurements required for planning commission. Also, we demonstrate commissioning and validation results of this method to the Eclipse treatment planning system (version 13.0.29) for a Sumitomo dedicated proton line scanning beam nozzle. Methods: The in-air spot profiles at five beam-axis positions (±200, ±100 and 0 mm) were obtained in trigger mode using a MP3 Water tank (PTW-Freiburg) and a pinpoint ionization chamber (model 31014, PTW-Freiburg). Low dose envelope (belowmore » 1% of the center dose) of the spot profile at isocenter was obtained by repeated point measurements to minimize dosimetry uncertainty. The double Gaussian (DG) model was used to fit and obtain optimal σ1, σ2 and their corresponding weightings through our in-house MATLAB (Mathworks) program. σ1, σ2 were assumed to expand linearly along the beam axis from a virtual source position calculated by back projecting fitted sigmas from the single Gaussian (SG) model. Absolute doses in water were validated using an Advanced Markus chamber at the depth of 2cm with Pristine Peak (BP) R90d ranging from 5–32 cm for 10×10 cm2 scanned fields. The field size factors were verified with square fields from 2 to 20 cm at 2cm and before BP depth. Results: The absolute dose outputs were found to be within ±3%. For field size factor, the agreement between calculated and measurement were within ±2% at 2cm and ±3% before BP, except for the field size below 2×2 cm2. Conclusion: The double Gaussian model was found to be sufficient for characterizing the Sumitomo dedicated proton line scanning nozzle. With our effective double Gaussian fitting method, we are able to save significant proton beam time with acceptable output accuracy.« less

SU-F-J-37: Commissioning a Six Degree of Freedom Couch

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Roberts, D; Lam, K; Bredfeldt, J

2016-06-15

Purpose: The proper operation of a six degree of freedom couch (6DOFC) to position a patient for treatment requires that a number systems on the treatment unit work together correctly. Commissioning a 6DOFC requires not only the commissioning of each separate system but also commissioning the interactions between the systems. Methods: To commission a 6DOFC, we tested the resolvers that readout the linear and angular positions; the orthogonality of the axes of the laser positioning system, the imaging system, the gantry and the couch as well as their relationship to each other. An automated Winston-Lutz test was used verify themore » coincidence of the origins of the laser system, imaging system and treatment unit. The IsoCal phantom was used to verify the consistency of axes orientations between systems. The operation of the couch and imaging system was verified under simulated load conditions and an end to end test was performed to verify correct operation of the system. Results: The tests on the couch resolvers, orthogonality and coincidence of the axes of each system were successfully completed and showed excellent agreement. The automated Winston-Lutz test showed that the maximum displacement of the center of the radiation field with respect to the isocenter was <0.6 mm (radius) at isocenter. The analysis of the IsoCal phantom showed that the maximum variation of the radiation field with respect to known locations in the phantom was ∼0.9 mm for all the BBs in the phantom. Load tests showed maximum errors of 1 mm. Conclusion: We tested all system associated with the 6DOFC and found the uncertainty due to imaging was <.9mm and the uncertainty due to loading ∼1 mm, resulting in a total error of ∼1.4 mm.« less

Search for the Θ+ pentaquark via the π(-)p→K(-)X reaction at 1.92 GeV/c.

PubMed

Shirotori, K; Takahashi, T N; Adachi, S; Agnello, M; Ajimura, S; Aoki, K; Bhang, H C; Bassalleck, B; Botta, E; Bufalino, S; Chiga, N; Evtoukhovitch, P; Feliciello, A; Fujioka, H; Hiruma, F; Honda, R; Hosomi, K; Ichikawa, Y; Ieiri, M; Igarashi, Y; Imai, K; Ishibashi, N; Ishimoto, S; Itahashi, K; Iwasaki, R; Joo, C W; Kim, M J; Kim, S J; Kiuchi, R; Koike, T; Komatsu, Y; Kulikov, V V; Marcello, S; Masumoto, S; Matsuoka, K; Miwa, K; Moritsu, M; Nagae, T; Naruki, M; Niiyama, M; Noumi, H; Ozawa, K; Saito, N; Sakaguchi, A; Sako, H; Samoilov, V; Sato, M; Sato, S; Sato, Y; Sawada, S; Sekimoto, M; Sugimura, H; Suzuki, S; Takahashi, H; Takahashi, T; Tamura, H; Tanaka, T; Tanida, K; Tokiyasu, A O; Tomida, N; Tsamalaidze, Z; Ukai, M; Yagi, K; Yamamoto, T O; Yang, S B; Yonemoto, Y; Yoon, C J; Yoshida, K

2012-09-28

The Θ(+) pentaquark baryon was searched for via the π(-)p→K(-)X reaction with a missing mass resolution of 1.4 MeV/c(2) (FWHM) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). π(-) meson beams were incident on the liquid hydrogen target with a beam momentum of 1.92 GeV/c. No peak structure corresponding to the Θ(+) mass was observed. The upper limit of the production cross section averaged over the scattering angle of 2° to 15° in the laboratory frame is obtained to be 0.26 μb/sr in the mass region of 1.51-1.55 GeV/c(2). The upper limit of the Θ(+) decay width is obtained to be 0.72 and 3.1 MeV for J(Θ)(P)=1/2(+) and J(Θ)(P)=1/2(-), respectively, using the effective Lagrangian approach.

Study of the radiation damage effect on Titanium metastable beta alloy by high intensity proton beam

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ishida, Taku; Wakai, E.; Hagiwara, M.

Here, a foil of a metastable β Titanium alloy Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al was irradiated at the J-PARC neutrino experimental facility with 1.4 × 10 20 30 GeV protons at low temperature (100–130°C at most), and microstructural characterization and hardness testing were conducted as an initial study on the radiation damage effects of Titanium alloy by the high energy proton beam exposure. Expected radiation damage at the beam center is about 0.06–0.12 displacement per atom. A high density (> 10 23 m –3) of a nanometer-sized precipitate was observed by TEM studies, which would be identified as martensite α-phase and athermal ω-phase formedmore » during the solution-treatment process to fabricate metastable β alloy. They did not appear to change substantially after irradiation with protons. In the irradiated specimen, we could not identify an obvious signature of radiation damage distributed along the proton beam profile. Very small, nanometer-scale black dots were present at a low density in the most highly irradiated region, and may be small dislocation loops formed during irradiation. The micro-indentation test indicated that the radiation exposure led to tiny increase in Vickers micro-hardness of ΔH V= 20 at beam center. Atom probe tomography reveals compositional fluctuations that reach a maximum amplitude of 10 at% Ti within a space of < 5 nm both before and after irradiation, which may also indicate presence of rich precipitates. These experimental results suggest this specific β alloy may exhibit radiation damage resistance due to the existence of a high density of nano-scale precipitates, but further studies with higher exposure are required to explore this possibility.« less

Study of the radiation damage effect on Titanium metastable beta alloy by high intensity proton beam

DOE PAGES

Ishida, Taku; Wakai, E.; Hagiwara, M.; ...

2018-04-26

Here, a foil of a metastable β Titanium alloy Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al was irradiated at the J-PARC neutrino experimental facility with 1.4 × 10 20 30 GeV protons at low temperature (100–130°C at most), and microstructural characterization and hardness testing were conducted as an initial study on the radiation damage effects of Titanium alloy by the high energy proton beam exposure. Expected radiation damage at the beam center is about 0.06–0.12 displacement per atom. A high density (> 10 23 m –3) of a nanometer-sized precipitate was observed by TEM studies, which would be identified as martensite α-phase and athermal ω-phase formedmore » during the solution-treatment process to fabricate metastable β alloy. They did not appear to change substantially after irradiation with protons. In the irradiated specimen, we could not identify an obvious signature of radiation damage distributed along the proton beam profile. Very small, nanometer-scale black dots were present at a low density in the most highly irradiated region, and may be small dislocation loops formed during irradiation. The micro-indentation test indicated that the radiation exposure led to tiny increase in Vickers micro-hardness of ΔH V= 20 at beam center. Atom probe tomography reveals compositional fluctuations that reach a maximum amplitude of 10 at% Ti within a space of < 5 nm both before and after irradiation, which may also indicate presence of rich precipitates. These experimental results suggest this specific β alloy may exhibit radiation damage resistance due to the existence of a high density of nano-scale precipitates, but further studies with higher exposure are required to explore this possibility.« less

PARC - Scientific Exchange Program (A "Life at the Frontiers of Energy Research" contest entry from the 2011 Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) Summit and Forum)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Blankenship, Robert E.

"PARC - Scientific Exchange Program" was submitted by the Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC) to the "Life at the Frontiers of Energy Research" video contest at the 2011 Science for Our Nation's Energy Future: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) Summit and Forum. Twenty-six EFRCs created short videos to highlight their mission and their work. PARC, an EFRC directed by Robert E. Blankenship at Washington University in St. Louis, is a partnership of scientists from ten institutions. The Office of Basic Energy Sciences in the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science established the 46 Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) inmore » 2009. These collaboratively-organized centers conduct fundamental research focused on 'grand challenges' and use-inspired 'basic research needs' recently identified in major strategic planning efforts by the scientific community. The overall purpose is to accelerate scientific progress toward meeting the nation's critical energy challenges.« less

PARC - Scientific Exchange Program (A "Life at the Frontiers of Energy Research" contest entry from the 2011 Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) Summit and Forum)

ScienceCinema

Blankenship, Robert E. (Director, Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center); PARC Staff

2017-12-09

'PARC - Scientific Exchange Program' was submitted by the Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center (PARC) to the 'Life at the Frontiers of Energy Research' video contest at the 2011 Science for Our Nation's Energy Future: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) Summit and Forum. Twenty-six EFRCs created short videos to highlight their mission and their work. PARC, an EFRC directed by Robert E. Blankenship at Washington University in St. Louis, is a partnership of scientists from ten institutions. The Office of Basic Energy Sciences in the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science established the 46 Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) in 2009. These collaboratively-organized centers conduct fundamental research focused on 'grand challenges' and use-inspired 'basic research needs' recently identified in major strategic planning efforts by the scientific community. The overall purpose is to accelerate scientific progress toward meeting the nation's critical energy challenges.

In Vitro Activity of Five Quinolones and Analysis of the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE in Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum Clinical Isolates from Perinatal Patients in Japan

PubMed Central

Kawai, Yasuhiro; Nakura, Yukiko; Wakimoto, Tetsu; Nomiyama, Makoto; Tokuda, Tsugumichi; Takayanagi, Toshimitsu; Shiraishi, Jun; Wasada, Kenshi; Kitajima, Hiroyuki; Fujita, Tomio; Nakayama, Masahiro; Mitsuda, Nobuaki; Nakanishi, Isao; Takeuchi, Makoto

2015-01-01

Ureaplasma spp. cause several disorders, such as nongonococcal urethritis, miscarriage, and preterm delivery with lung infections in neonates, characterized by pathological chorioamnionitis in the placenta. Although reports on antibiotic resistance in Ureaplasma are on the rise, reports on quinolone-resistant Ureaplasma infections in Japan are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine susceptibilities to five quinolones of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum isolated from perinatal samples in Japan and to characterize the quinolone resistance-determining regions in the gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes. Out of 28 clinical Ureaplasma strains, we isolated 9 with high MICs of quinolones and found a single parC gene mutation, resulting in the change S83L. Among 158 samples, the ParC S83L mutation was found in 37 samples (23.4%), including 1 sample harboring a ParC S83L–GyrB P462S double mutant. Novel mutations of ureaplasmal ParC (S83W and S84P) were independently found in one of the samples. Homology modeling of the ParC S83W mutant suggested steric hindrance of the quinolone-binding pocket (QBP), and de novo prediction of peptide structures revealed that the ParC S84P may break/kink the formation of the α4 helix in the QBP. Further investigations are required to unravel the extent and mechanism of antibiotic resistance of Ureaplasma spp. in Japan. PMID:25645833

SU-E-T-191: Commissioning and Dosimetric Characteristics of Elekta Agility for Total Skin Electron Beam (TSEB) Therapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sayler, E; Charpentier, P; Micaily, B

2015-06-15

Purpose The purpose of this work is to publish beam data from Elekta Synergy(R) linear accelerators with Agility(TM) MLC for total skin electron beam (TSEB) therapy using the HDRE1 (High Dose Rate Electron 6MeV) energy. Method & Materials The optimal gantry angles for TSEB were determined using ion chamber measurements along a vertical profile at 450cm SSD. After gantry angles were chosen, field uniformity was measured over the entire treatment area. Uniformity was measured with and without the patient support device, allowing the dosimetric effect of the support device to be determined. Beam output and PDD were measured at themore » calibration point (450cm SSD) for a dual beam using a parallel plate chamber in solid water. These measurements were repeated with the chamber and phantom rotated about the patient isocenter at various angles, in order to measure the contribution from oblique beams. This technique provides a precise measurement of the treatment skin dose (TSD). Lastly, ion chamber measurements were verified by film and diodes. Results The optimal gantry angle for 450 cm SSD was determined to be 90±16°. This achieved uniformity better than 96% on the vertical axis, and 92% along the horizontal axis. HDRE1 was calibrated to deliver 10 cGy/MU at standard geometry (100 cm SSD, 1.2 cm depth). Thus at TSEB geometry (450 cm SSD, 0.1 cm depth) the output of the AP dual field was measured to be 0.35 cGy/MU. The TSD of a 20 cm radius cylinder for six (equally, 60° spaced) dual fields was measured to be 1.19 cGy/MU. Percent Depth Dose data for the AP dual field and TSD are shown in Figure 2. Conclusion This paper provides a modern procedure for commissioning TSEB therapy on a linear accelerator, and clinical beam data for the Elekta Synergy(R) with Agility(TM) MLC.« less

Sensitivity studies of beam directionality, beam size, and neutron spectrum for a fission converter-based epithermal neutron beam for boron neutron capture therapy.

PubMed

Sakamoto, S; Kiger, W S; Harling, O K

1999-09-01

Sensitivity studies of epithermal neutron beam performance in boron neutron capture therapy are presented for realistic neutron beams with varying filter/moderator and collimator/delimiter designs to examine the relative importance of neutron beam spectrum, directionality, and size. Figures of merit for in-air and in-phantom beam performance are calculated via the Monte Carlo technique for different well-optimized designs of a fission converter-based epithermal neutron beam with head phantoms as the irradiation target. It is shown that increasing J/phi, a measure of beam directionality, does not always lead to corresponding monotonic improvements in beam performance. Due to the relatively low significance, for most configurations, of its effect on in-phantom performance and the large intensity losses required to produce beams with very high J/phi, beam directionality should not be considered an important figure of merit in epithermal neutron beam design except in terms of its consequences on patient positioning and collateral dose. Hardening the epithermal beam spectrum, while maintaining the specific fast neutron dose well below the inherent hydrogen capture dose, improves beam penetration and advantage depth and, as a desirable by-product, significantly increases beam intensity. Beam figures of merit are shown to be strongly dependent on beam size relative to target size. Beam designs with J/phi approximately 0.65-0.7, specific fast neutron doses of 2-2.6x10(-13) Gy cm2/n and beam sizes equal to or larger than the size of the head target produced the deepest useful penetration, highest therapeutic ratios, and highest intensities.

SU-E-T-406: Use of TrueBeam Developer Mode and API to Increase the Efficiency and Accuracy of Commissioning Measurements for the Varian EDGE Stereotactic Linac

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gardner, S; Gulam, M; Song, K

2014-06-01

Purpose: The Varian EDGE machine is a new stereotactic platform, combining Calypso and VisionRT localization systems with a stereotactic linac. The system includes TrueBeam DeveloperMode, making possible the use of XML-scripting for automation of linac-related tasks. This study details the use of DeveloperMode to automate commissioning tasks for Varian EDGE, thereby improving efficiency and measurement consistency. Methods: XML-scripting was used for various commissioning tasks,including couch model verification,beam-scanning,and isocenter verification. For couch measurements, point measurements were acquired for several field sizes (2×2,4×4,10×10cm{sup 2}) at 42 gantry angles for two couch-models. Measurements were acquired with variations in couch position(rails in/out,couch shifted inmore » each of motion axes) compared to treatment planning system(TPS)-calculated values,which were logged automatically through advanced planning interface(API) scripting functionality. For beam scanning, XML-scripts were used to create custom MLC-apertures. For isocenter verification, XML-scripts were used to automate various Winston-Lutz-type tests. Results: For couch measurements, the time required for each set of angles was approximately 9 minutes. Without scripting, each set required approximately 12 minutes. Automated measurements required only one physicist, while manual measurements required at least two physicists to handle linac positions/beams and data recording. MLC apertures were generated outside of the TPS,and with the .xml file format, double-checking without use of TPS/operator console was possible. Similar time efficiency gains were found for isocenter verification measurements Conclusion: The use of XML scripting in TrueBeam DeveloperMode allows for efficient and accurate data acquisition during commissioning. The efficiency improvement is most pronounced for iterative measurements, exemplified by the time savings for couch modeling measurements

Java Tool Framework for Automation of Hardware Commissioning and Maintenance Procedures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ho, J C; Fisher, J M; Gordon, J B

2007-10-02

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a 192-beam laser system designed to study high energy density physics. Each beam line contains a variety of line replaceable units (LRUs) that contain optics, stepping motors, sensors and other devices to control and diagnose the laser. During commissioning and subsequent maintenance of the laser, LRUs undergo a qualification process using the Integrated Computer Control System (ICCS) to verify and calibrate the equipment. The commissioning processes are both repetitive and tedious when we use remote manual computer controls, making them ideal candidates for software automation. Maintenance and Commissioning Tool (MCT) software was developed tomore » improve the efficiency of the qualification process. The tools are implemented in Java, leveraging ICCS services and CORBA to communicate with the control devices. The framework provides easy-to-use mechanisms for handling configuration data, task execution, task progress reporting, and generation of commissioning test reports. The tool framework design and application examples will be discussed.« less

Off-line commissioning of EBIS and plans for its integration into ATLAS and CARIBU.

PubMed

Ostroumov, P N; Barcikowski, A; Dickerson, C A; Mustapha, B; Perry, A; Sharamentov, S I; Vondrasek, R C; Zinkann, G

2016-02-01

An Electron Beam Ion Source Charge Breeder (EBIS-CB) has been developed at Argonne to breed radioactive beams from the CAlifornium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) facility at Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS). The EBIS-CB will replace the existing ECR charge breeder to increase the intensity and significantly improve the purity of reaccelerated radioactive ion beams. The CARIBU EBIS-CB has been successfully commissioned offline with an external singly charged cesium ion source. The performance of the EBIS fully meets the specifications to breed rare isotope beams delivered from CARIBU. The EBIS is being relocated and integrated into ATLAS and CARIBU. A long electrostatic beam transport system including two 180° bends in the vertical plane has been designed. The commissioning of the EBIS and the beam transport system in their permanent location will start at the end of this year.

Off-line commissioning of EBIS and plans for its integration into ATLAS and CARIBU

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ostroumov, P. N.; Barcikowski, A.; Dickerson, C. A.; Mustapha, B.; Perry, A.; Sharamentov, S. I.; Vondrasek, R. C.; Zinkann, G.

2016-02-01

An Electron Beam Ion Source Charge Breeder (EBIS-CB) has been developed at Argonne to breed radioactive beams from the CAlifornium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) facility at Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS). The EBIS-CB will replace the existing ECR charge breeder to increase the intensity and significantly improve the purity of reaccelerated radioactive ion beams. The CARIBU EBIS-CB has been successfully commissioned offline with an external singly charged cesium ion source. The performance of the EBIS fully meets the specifications to breed rare isotope beams delivered from CARIBU. The EBIS is being relocated and integrated into ATLAS and CARIBU. A long electrostatic beam transport system including two 180° bends in the vertical plane has been designed. The commissioning of the EBIS and the beam transport system in their permanent location will start at the end of this year.

Applications of a micro-pixel chamber (μPIC) based, time-resolved neutron imaging detector at pulsed neutron beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parker, J. D.; Harada, M.; Hattori, K.; Iwaki, S.; Kabuki, S.; Kishimoto, Y.; Kubo, H.; Kurosawa, S.; Matsuoka, Y.; Miuchi, K.; Mizumoto, T.; Nishimura, H.; Oku, T.; Sawano, T.; Shinohara, T.; Suzuki, J.-I.; Takada, A.; Tanimori, T.; Ueno, K.; Ikeno, M.; Tanaka, M.; Uchida, T.

2014-04-01

The realization of high-intensity, pulsed spallation neutron sources such as J-PARC in Japan and SNS in the US has brought time-of-flight (TOF) based neutron techniques to the fore and spurred the development of new detector technologies. When combined with high-resolution imaging, TOF-based methods become powerful tools for direct imaging of material properties, including crystal structure/internal strain, isotopic/temperature distributions, and internal and external magnetic fields. To carry out such measurements in the high-intensities and high gamma backgrounds found at spallation sources, we have developed a new time-resolved neutron imaging detector employing a micro-pattern gaseous detector known as the micro-pixel chamber (μPIC) coupled with a field-programmable-gate-array-based data acquisition system. The detector combines 100μm-level (σ) spatial and sub-μs time resolutions with low gamma sensitivity of less than 10-12 and a rate capability on the order of Mcps (mega-counts-per-second). Here, we demonstrate the application of our detector to TOF-based techniques with examples of Bragg-edge transmission and neutron resonance transmission imaging (with computed tomography) carried out at J-PARC. We also consider the direct imaging of magnetic fields with our detector using polarized neutrons.

Commissioning of the pair spectrometer of the GlueX experiment

DOE PAGES

Somov, A.; Tolstukhin, I.; Somov, S. V.; ...

2017-03-07

The main goal of the pair spectrometer of the GlueX experiment at Jefferson Lab is to determine the photon beam flux and to measure beam polarization. Here, we present the design of the pair spectrometer and the performance results during the first commissioning runs of the GlueX experiment.

The Physics and Applications of High Brightness Electron Beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Palumbo, Luigi; Rosenzweig, J.; Serafini, Luca

2007-09-01

.]. -- Working Group 1. Summary of working group 1 on electron sources / M. Ferrario and G. Gatti. Design and RF measurements of an X-band accelerating structure for the SPARC project / D. Alesini ... [et al.]. Mitigation of RF gun breakdown by removal of tuning rods in high field regions / A.M. Cook... [et al.]. Measurements of quantum efficiency of Mg films produced by pulsed laser ablation deposition for application to bright electron sources / G. Gatti ... [et al.]. The S-band 1.6 cell RF gun correlated energy spread dependence on Pi and 0 mode relative amplitude / F. Schmerge ... [et al.]. RF gun photo-emission model for metal cathodes including time dependent emission / J.F. Schmerge ... [et al.]. Superconducting photocathodes / J. Smedley ... [et al.]. -- Working Group 2. Summary of Working Group 2: diagnostics and beam manipulation / G. Travish. Observation of coherent edge radiation emitted by a 100 Femtosecond compressed electron beam / G. Andonian, M, Dunning, E. Hemsing, J. B. Rosenzweig ... [et al.]. PARMELA simulations for PITZ: first machine studies and interpretation of measurements / M. Boscolo ... [et al.]. The LCLS single-shot relative bunch length monitor system / M.P. Dunning ... [et al.]. Beam shaping and permanent magnet quadrupole focusing with applications to the plasma wakefield accelerator / R.J. England ... [et al.]. Commissioning of the SPARC movable emittance meter and its first operation at PITZ / D. Filippetto... [et al.]. Experimental testing of dynamically optimized photoelectron beams / J.B. Rosenzweig ... [et al.]. Synchronization between the laser and electron beam in a photocathode RF gun / A. Sakumi ... [et al.]. Method of bunch radiation photochronography with 10 Femtosecond and less resolution / A. Tron and I. Merinov -- Working Group 3. New challenges in theory and modeling-summary for working group 3. L. Giannessi. Resonant modes in a 1.6 cells RF gun / M. Ferrario and C. Ronsivalle. Emittance degradation due to wake fields in a high

In vitro activity of five quinolones and analysis of the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE in Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum clinical isolates from perinatal patients in Japan.

PubMed

Kawai, Yasuhiro; Nakura, Yukiko; Wakimoto, Tetsu; Nomiyama, Makoto; Tokuda, Tsugumichi; Takayanagi, Toshimitsu; Shiraishi, Jun; Wasada, Kenshi; Kitajima, Hiroyuki; Fujita, Tomio; Nakayama, Masahiro; Mitsuda, Nobuaki; Nakanishi, Isao; Takeuchi, Makoto; Yanagihara, Itaru

2015-04-01

Ureaplasma spp. cause several disorders, such as nongonococcal urethritis, miscarriage, and preterm delivery with lung infections in neonates, characterized by pathological chorioamnionitis in the placenta. Although reports on antibiotic resistance in Ureaplasma are on the rise, reports on quinolone-resistant Ureaplasma infections in Japan are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine susceptibilities to five quinolones of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum isolated from perinatal samples in Japan and to characterize the quinolone resistance-determining regions in the gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes. Out of 28 clinical Ureaplasma strains, we isolated 9 with high MICs of quinolones and found a single parC gene mutation, resulting in the change S83L. Among 158 samples, the ParC S83L mutation was found in 37 samples (23.4%), including 1 sample harboring a ParC S83L-GyrB P462S double mutant. Novel mutations of ureaplasmal ParC (S83W and S84P) were independently found in one of the samples. Homology modeling of the ParC S83W mutant suggested steric hindrance of the quinolone-binding pocket (QBP), and de novo prediction of peptide structures revealed that the ParC S84P may break/kink the formation of the α4 helix in the QBP. Further investigations are required to unravel the extent and mechanism of antibiotic resistance of Ureaplasma spp. in Japan. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Commission 22: Meters, Meteorites and Interplanetary Dust

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Watanabe, Junichi; Jenniskens, Peter; Spurný, Pavel; Borovička, Jiří; Campbell-Brown, Margaret; Consolmagno, Guy; Jopek, Tadeusz; Vaubaillon, Jeremie; Williams, Iwan P.; Zhu, Jin

2010-05-01

The business meeting of commission 22 was held at the room 5 in the SulAmerica Convention Center in Rio de Janeiro(14:00-15:30). Fifteen people attended at this meeting:J.Borovička, E.Bowell, G.Consolmagno, D.Green, P. Jenniskens, A. Pellinen-Wannberg, R. Rudawska, J. Watanabe, J. Zhu, P. H. A. Hasselmann, F. Ostroviski, D. A. Oszkiewicz, W. Thuillot, P. Mahajani, and A. Sule. This meeting was managed by Junichi Watanabe, the current C22 Vice-President. The summary of the meeting is described.

Hadron production experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Popov, Boris A.

2013-02-01

The HARP and NA61/SHINE hadroproduction experiments as well as their implications for neutrino physics are discussed. HARP measurements have already been used for predictions of neutrino beams in K2K and MiniBooNE/SciBooNE experiments and are also being used to improve the atmospheric neutrino flux predictions and to help in the optimization of neutrino factory and super-beam designs. First measurements released recently by the NA61/SHINE experiment are of significant importance for a precise prediction of the J-PARC neutrino beam used for the T2K experiment. Both HARP and NA61/SHINE experiments provide also a large amount of input for validation and tuning of hadron production models in Monte-Carlo generators.

Clinical commissioning of an in vivo range verification system for prostate cancer treatment with anterior and anterior oblique proton beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoesl, M.; Deepak, S.; Moteabbed, M.; Jassens, G.; Orban, J.; Park, Y. K.; Parodi, K.; Bentefour, E. H.; Lu, H. M.

2016-04-01

The purpose of this work is the clinical commissioning of a recently developed in vivo range verification system (IRVS) for treatment of prostate cancer by anterior and anterior oblique proton beams. The IRVS is designed to perform a complete workflow for pre-treatment range verification and adjustment. It contains specifically designed dosimetry and electronic hardware and a specific software for workflow control with database connection to the treatment and imaging systems. An essential part of the IRVS system is an array of Si-diode detectors, designed to be mounted to the endorectal water balloon routinely used for prostate immobilization. The diodes can measure dose rate as function of time from which the water equivalent path length (WEPL) and the dose received are extracted. The former is used for pre-treatment beam range verification and correction, if necessary, while the latter is to monitor the dose delivered to patient rectum during the treatment and serves as an additional verification. The entire IRVS workflow was tested for anterior and 30 degree inclined proton beam in both solid water and anthropomorphic pelvic phantoms, with the measured WEPL and rectal doses compared to the treatment plan. Gafchromic films were also used for measurement of the rectal dose and compared to IRVS results. The WEPL measurement accuracy was in the order of 1 mm and after beam range correction, the dose received by the rectal wall were 1.6% and 0.4% from treatment planning, respectively, for the anterior and anterior oblique field. We believe the implementation of IRVS would make the treatment of prostate with anterior proton beams more accurate and reliable.

Commissioning of the Active-Target Time Projection Chamber

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bradt, J.; Bazin, D.; Abu-Nimeh, F.; Ahn, T.; Ayyad, Y.; Beceiro Novo, S.; Carpenter, L.; Cortesi, M.; Kuchera, M. P.; Lynch, W. G.; Mittig, W.; Rost, S.; Watwood, N.; Yurkon, J.

2017-12-01

The Active-Target Time Projection Chamber (AT-TPC) was recently built and commissioned at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University. This gas-filled detector uses an active-target design where the gas acts as both the tracking medium and the reaction target. Operating inside a 2T solenoidal magnetic field, the AT-TPC records charged particle tracks that can be reconstructed to very good energy and angular resolutions. The near- 4 π solid angle coverage and thick target of the detector are well-suited to experiments with low secondary beam intensities. In this paper, the design and instrumentation of theAT-TPC are described along with the methods used to analyze the data it produces. A simulation of the detector's performance and some results from its commissioning with a radioactive 46Ar beam are also presented.

SU-F-J-54: Towards Real-Time Volumetric Imaging Using the Treatment Beam and KV Beam

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, M; Rozario, T; Liu, A

Purpose: Existing real-time imaging uses dual (orthogonal) kV beam fluoroscopies and may result in significant amount of extra radiation to patients, especially for prolonged treatment cases. In addition, kV projections only provide 2D information, which is insufficient for in vivo dose reconstruction. We propose real-time volumetric imaging using prior knowledge of pre-treatment 4D images and real-time 2D transit data of treatment beam and kV beam. Methods: The pre-treatment multi-snapshot volumetric images are used to simulate 2D projections of both the treatment beam and kV beam, respectively, for each treatment field defined by the control point. During radiation delivery, the transitmore » signals acquired by the electronic portal image device (EPID) are processed for every projection and compared with pre-calculation by cross-correlation for phase matching and thus 3D snapshot identification or real-time volumetric imaging. The data processing involves taking logarithmic ratios of EPID signals with respect to the air scan to reduce modeling uncertainties in head scatter fluence and EPID response. Simulated 2D projections are also used to pre-calculate confidence levels in phase matching. Treatment beam projections that have a low confidence level either in pre-calculation or real-time acquisition will trigger kV beams so that complementary information can be exploited. In case both the treatment beam and kV beam return low confidence in phase matching, a predicted phase based on linear regression will be generated. Results: Simulation studies indicated treatment beams provide sufficient confidence in phase matching for most cases. At times of low confidence from treatment beams, kV imaging provides sufficient confidence in phase matching due to its complementary configuration. Conclusion: The proposed real-time volumetric imaging utilizes the treatment beam and triggers kV beams for complementary information when the treatment beam along does not provide

The beam diagnostic instruments in Beijing radioactive ion-beam facilities isotope separator on-line

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ma, Y., E-mail: yjma@ciae.ac.cn; Cui, B.; Ma, R.

The beam diagnostic instruments for Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facilities Isotope Separator On-Line are introduced [B. Q. Cui, Z. H. Peng, Y. J. Ma, R. G. Ma, B. Tang, T. Zhang, and W. S. Jiang, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 266, 4113 (2008); T. J. Zhang, X. L. Guan, and B. Q. Cui, in Proceedings of APAC 2004, Gyeongju, Korea, 2004, http://www.jacow.org , p. 267]. For low intensity ion beam [30–300 keV/1 pA–10 μA], the beam profile monitor, the emittance measurement unit, and the analyzing slit will be installed. For the primary proton beam [100 MeV/200 μA], the beam profile scanner will bemore » installed. For identification of the nuclide, a beam identification unit will be installed. The details of prototype of the beam diagnostic units and some experiment results will be described in this article.« less

PAL-XFEL cavity beam position monitor pick-up design and beam test

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Sojeong; Park, Young Jung; Kim, Changbum; Kim, Seung Hwan; Shin, Dong Cheol; Han, Jang-Hui; Ko, In Soo

2016-08-01

As an X-ray Free Electron Laser, PAL-XFEL is about to start beam commissioning. X-band cavity beam position monitor (BPM) is used in the PAL-XFEL undulator beam line. Prototypes of cavity BPM pick-up were designed and fabricated to test the RF characteristics. Also, the beam test of a cavity BPM pick-up was done in the Injector Test Facility (ITF). In the beam test, the raw signal properties of the cavity BPM pick-up were measured at a 200 pC bunch charge. According to the RF test and beam test results, the prototype cavity BPM pick-up design was confirmed to meet the requirements of the PAL-XFEL cavity BPM system.

VINCI: the VLT Interferometer commissioning instrument

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kervella, Pierre; Coudé du Foresto, Vincent; Glindemann, Andreas; Hofmann, Reiner

2000-07-01

The Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) is a complex system, made of a large number of separated elements. To prepare an early successful operation, it will require a period of extensive testing and verification to ensure that the many devices involved work properly together, and can produce meaningful data. This paper describes the concept chosen for the VLTI commissioning instrument, LEONARDO da VINCI, and details its functionalities. It is a fiber based two-way beam combiner, associated with an artificial star and an alignment verification unit. The technical commissioning of the VLTI is foreseen as a stepwise process: fringes will first be obtained with the commissioning instrument in an autonomous mode (no other parts of the VLTI involved); then the VLTI telescopes and optical trains will be tested in autocollimation; finally fringes will be observed on the sky.

SU-F-T-146: Comparing Monte Carlo Simulations with Commissioning Beam Data for Mevion S250 Proton Therapy System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Prusator, M; Jin, H; Ahmad, S

2016-06-15

Purpose: To evaluate the Monte Carlo simulated beam data with the measured commissioning data for the Mevion S250 proton therapy system. Method: The Mevion S250 proton therapy system utilizes a passive double scattering technique with a unique gantry mounted superconducting accelerator and offers effective proton therapy in a compact design concept. The field shaping system (FSS) includes first scattering foil, range modulator wheel (RMW), second scattering foil and post absorber and offers two field sizes and a total of 24 treatment options from proton range of 5 cm to 32 cm. The treatment nozzle was modeled in detail using TOPASmore » (TOolkit for PArticle Simulation) Monte Carlo code. The timing feathers of the moving modulator wheels were also implemented to generate the Spread Out Bragg Peak (SOBP). The simulation results including pristine Bragg Peak, SOBP and dose profiles were compared with the data measured during beam commissioning. Results: The comparison between the measured data and the simulation data show excellent agreement. For pristine proton Bragg Peaks, the simulated proton range (depth of distal 90%) values agreed well with the measured range values within 1 mm accuracy. The differences of the distal falloffs (depth from distal 80% to 20%) were also found to be less than 1 mm between the simulations and measurements. For the SOBP, the widths of modulation (depth of proximal 95% to distal 90%) were also found to agree with the measurement within 1 mm. The flatness of the simulated and measured lateral profiles was found to be 0.6 % and 1.1 %, respectively. Conclusion: The agreement between simulations and measurements demonstrate that TOPAS could be used as a viable platform to proton therapy applications. The matched simulation results offer a great tool and open opportunity for variety of applications.« less

Approches pour la reduction de l'impact de defaut dans le transport d'energie du parc eolien offshore via VSC-HVDC =

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Benadja, Mounir

Dans ce travail est presente un systeme de generation d'energie d'un parc eolien offshore et un systeme de transport utilisant les stations VSC-HVDC connectees au reseau principal AC onshore. Trois configurations ont ete etudiees, modelisees et validees par simulation. Dans chacune des configurations, des contributions ameliorant les cotes techniques et economiques sont decrites ci-dessous : La premiere contribution concerne un nouvel algorithme MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) utilise pour l'extraction de la puissance maximale disponible dans les eoliennes des parcs offshores. Cette technique d'extraction du MPPT ameliore le rendement energetique de la chaine de conversion des energies renouvelables notamment l'energie eolienne a petite et a grande echelles (parc eolien offshore) qui constitue un probleme pour les constructeurs qui se trouvent confrontes a developper des dispositifs MPPT simples, moins couteux, robustes, fiables et capable d'obtenir un rendement energetique maximal. La deuxieme contribution concerne la reduction de la taille, du cout et de l'impact des defauts electriques (AC et DC) dans le systeme construit pour transporter l'energie d'un parc eolien offshore (OWF) vers le reseau principal AC onshore via deux stations 3L-NPC VSCHVDC. La solution developpee utilise des observateurs non-lineaires bases sur le filtre de Kalman etendu (EKF). Ce filtre permet d'estimer la vitesse de rotation et la position du rotor de chacune des generatrices du parc eolien offshore et de la tension du bus DC de l'onduleur DC-AC offshore et des deux stations 3L-NPC-VSC-HVDC (offshore et onshore). De plus, ce developpement du filtre de Kalman etendu a permis de reduire l'impact des defauts AC et DC. Deux commandes ont ete utilisees, l'une (commande indirect dans le plan abc) avec EKF integre destinee pour controler le convertisseur DC-AC offshore et l'autre (commande d-q) avec EKF integre pour controler les convertisseurs des deux stations AC-DC et DC-AC tout en

77 FR 59184 - J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corporation; Notice of Initiation of Proceeding and Refund Effective...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-26

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. EL12-103-000] J.P. Morgan... statements by J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corporation constitute violations of section 35.41(b) of the Commission's regulations under the Federal Power Act (FPA).\\1\\ J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corporation, 140...

Wintertime component of the THORPEX Pacific-Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Y.; Toth, Z.; Asuma, Y.; Reynolds, C.; Lngland, R.; Szunyogh, I.; Colle, B.; Chang, E.; Doyle, C.; Kats, A.

2009-04-01

The winter component of the T-PARC is an international field project that aims at improving high impact weather event forecasts for North America. The main objective is to understand how perturbations from the tropics, Eurasia and polar fronts travel through waveguide and turn into high impact weather events. Through adaptive observations by using manned aircrafts (NOAA G-IV and US Air force C-130s) and Russian rawinsonde network over data sparse regions, it is expected that accurate initial conditions will improve the numerical weather forecasts. Non-adaptive aircraft measurements over the Pacific Rim and part of India are also deployed through E-AMDAR program, which is expected to improve the background field over Asia where perturbations are initiated. The campaign is led by NOAA and joined by agencies and universities from US, Canada, Mexico, Japan, ECWMF, and Russia. While most observational data will be assimilated by operational centers to improve real time numerical weather predictions, post field studies will focus on aspects such as: data impact on forecast and analysis, dry and moist processes that affect the formation and propagation of perturbations, meso-scale storm structure, error growth, forecast "busts" under certain atmospheric regimes, and socio-economic applications such as costs and benefits of improved forecasts and their use by the public for high impact weather events. In particular, a Winter Olympics demonstration project (February 12 - February 28) is expected to be a test bed during winter T-PARC for real user outreach and application purposes. Effectiveness of existing targeting methods as well as new targeting methods in the 3-5 day lead time range will be pursued and other aspects related to data assimilation and numerical forecasts (both deterministic and ensemble forecasts) will be investigated within this project as well.

Commissioning of the synchrotron radiation protection system and beamlines frontends at NSLS-II

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Seletskiy, S., E-mail: seletskiy@bnl.gov; Amundsen, C.; Choi, J.

2016-07-27

The first eight insertion devices (IDs) at the NSLS-II were commissioned during the fall run of 2014. In this paper we discuss commissioning of the synchrotron radiation protection (SRP) system and beamline frontends (FE) for the respective IDs. We describe the diagnostics utilized if FE commissioning and a procedure that was used for the alignment of the photon beam from insertion devices in the beamline frontends. Then we discuss the current status of the SRP system and operation of the commissioned frontends.

Overview of the Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Applications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bilheux, Hassina Z; Bilheux, Jean-Christophe; Tremsin, Anton S

2015-01-01

The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Neutron Sciences Directorate (NScD) has installed a neutron imaging (NI) beam line at the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) cold guide hall. The CG-1D beam line produces cold neutrons for a broad range of user research spanning from engineering to material research, additive manufacturing, vehicle technologies, archaeology, biology, and plant physiology. Recent efforts have focused on increasing flux and spatial resolution. A series of selected engineering applications is presented here. Historically and for more than four decades, neutron imaging (NI) facilities have been installed exclusively at continuous (i.e. reactor-based) neutron sources rather than atmore » pulsed sources. This is mainly due to (1) the limited number of accelerator-based facilities and therefore the fierce competition for beam lines with neutron scattering instruments, (2) the limited flux available at accelerator-based neutron sources and finally, (3) the lack of high efficiency imaging detector technology capable of time-stamping pulsed neutrons with sufficient time resolution. Recently completed high flux pulsed proton-driven neutron sources such as the ORNL Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at ORNL and the Japanese Spallation Neutron Source (JSNS) of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) in Japan produce high neutron fluxes that offer new and unique opportunities for NI techniques. Pulsed-based neutron imaging facilities RADEN and IMAT are currently being built at J-PARC and the Rutherford National Laboratory in the U.K., respectively. ORNL is building a pulsed neutron imaging beam line called VENUS to respond to the U.S. based scientific community. A team composed of engineers, scientists and designers has developed a conceptual design of the future VENUS imaging instrument at the SNS.« less

Implementation of the validation testing in MPPG 5.a "Commissioning and QA of treatment planning dose calculations-megavoltage photon and electron beams".

PubMed

Jacqmin, Dustin J; Bredfeldt, Jeremy S; Frigo, Sean P; Smilowitz, Jennifer B

2017-01-01

The AAPM Medical Physics Practice Guideline (MPPG) 5.a provides concise guidance on the commissioning and QA of beam modeling and dose calculation in radiotherapy treatment planning systems. This work discusses the implementation of the validation testing recommended in MPPG 5.a at two institutions. The two institutions worked collaboratively to create a common set of treatment fields and analysis tools to deliver and analyze the validation tests. This included the development of a novel, open-source software tool to compare scanning water tank measurements to 3D DICOM-RT Dose distributions. Dose calculation algorithms in both Pinnacle and Eclipse were tested with MPPG 5.a to validate the modeling of Varian TrueBeam linear accelerators. The validation process resulted in more than 200 water tank scans and more than 50 point measurements per institution, each of which was compared to a dose calculation from the institution's treatment planning system (TPS). Overall, the validation testing recommended in MPPG 5.a took approximately 79 person-hours for a machine with four photon and five electron energies for a single TPS. Of the 79 person-hours, 26 person-hours required time on the machine, and the remainder involved preparation and analysis. The basic photon, electron, and heterogeneity correction tests were evaluated with the tolerances in MPPG 5.a, and the tolerances were met for all tests. The MPPG 5.a evaluation criteria were used to assess the small field and IMRT/VMAT validation tests. Both institutions found the use of MPPG 5.a to be a valuable resource during the commissioning process. The validation testing in MPPG 5.a showed the strengths and limitations of the TPS models. In addition, the data collected during the validation testing is useful for routine QA of the TPS, validation of software upgrades, and commissioning of new algorithms. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of

76 FR 18754 - J-W Pipeline Company; Notice of Motion for Extension of Rate Case Filing Deadline

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-05

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. PR09-6-003] J-W Pipeline...-W Pipeline Company (J-W) filed a request for an extension consistent with the Commission's revised... extend the cycle for such reviews from three to five years.\\1\\ Therefore, J-W requests that the date for...

Elementary Particle Physics and High Energy Phenomena: Final Report for FY2010-13

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cumalat, John P.; de Alwis, Senarath P.; DeGrand, Thomas A.

2013-06-27

The work under this grant consists of experimental, theoretical, and phenomenological research on the fundamental properties of high energy subnuclear particles. The work is conducted at the University of Colorado, the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and other facilities, employing neutrino-beam experiments, test beams of various particles, and proton-proton collider experiments. It emphasizes mass generation and symmetry-breaking, neutrino oscillations, bottom particle production and decay, detector development, supergravity, supersymmetry, superstrings, quantum chromodynamics, nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, cosmology, phase transitions,more » lattice gauge theory, and anomaly-free theories. The goals are to improve our understanding of the basic building blocks of matter and their interactions. Data from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN have revealed new interactions responsible for particle mass, and perhaps will lead to a more unified picture of the forces among elementary material constituents. To this end our research includes searches for manifestations of theories such as supersymmetry and new gauge bosons, as well as the production and decay of heavy-flavored quarks. Our current work at J-PARC, and future work at new facilities currently under conceptual design, investigate the specifics of how the neutrinos change flavor. The research is integrated with the training of students at all university levels, benefiting both the manpower and intellectual base for future technologies.« less

PIP-II Injector Test Warm Front End: Commissioning Update

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Prost, Lionel R.; et al.

The Warm Front End (WFE) of the Proton Improvement Plan II Injector Test [1] at Fermilab has been constructed to its full length. It includes a 15-mA DC, 30-keV H- ion source, a 2 m-long Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) with a switching dipole magnet, a 2.1 MeV CW RFQ, followed by a Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) with various diagnostics and a dump. This report presents the commissioning status, focusing on beam measurements in the MEBT. In particular, a beam with the parameters required for injection into the Booster (5 mA, 0.55 ms macro-pulse at 20 Hz) was transportedmore » through the WFE.« less

Applications of electron lenses: scraping of high-power beams, beam-beam compensation, and nonlinear optics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stancari, Giulio

Electron lenses are pulsed, magnetically confined electron beams whose current-density profile is shaped to obtain the desired effect on the circulating beam. Electron lenses were used in the Fermilab Tevatron collider for bunch-by-bunch compensation of long-range beam-beam tune shifts, for removal of uncaptured particles in the abort gap, for preliminary experiments on head-on beam-beam compensation, and for the demonstration of halo scraping with hollow electron beams. Electron lenses for beam-beam compensation are being commissioned in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). Hollow electron beam collimation and halo control were studied as an option to complementmore » the collimation system for the upgrades of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN; a conceptual design was recently completed. Because of their electric charge and the absence of materials close to the proton beam, electron lenses may also provide an alternative to wires for long-range beam-beam compensation in LHC luminosity upgrade scenarios with small crossing angles. At Fermilab, we are planning to install an electron lens in the Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA, a 40-m ring for 150-MeV electrons) as one of the proof-of-principle implementations of nonlinear integrable optics to achieve large tune spreads and more stable beams without loss of dynamic aperture.« less

78 FR 73794 - Commission Seeks Comment on Licensing Models and Technical Requirements in the 3550-3650 MHz Band...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-09

... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION 47 CFR Part 95 [GN Docket No. 12-354; FCC 13-144] Commission... AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Proposed rule; correction. SUMMARY: This document... ``document''. Dated: December 4, 2013. Federal Communications Commission. Gloria J. Miles, Federal Register...

HARP and NA61 (SHINE) hadron production experiments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Popov, Boris A.

2009-11-25

The hadroproduction experiments HARP and NA61 (SHINE) as well as their implications for neutrino physics are discussed. Recent HARP measurements have already been used for precise predictions of neutrino beams in K2K and MiniBooNE/SciBooNE experiments and are also being used to improve the atmospheric neutrino flux predictions and to help in the optimization of neutrino factory and super-beam designs. First preliminary data from NA61 are of significant importance for a precise prediction of a new neutrino beam at J-PARC to be used for the first stage of the T2K experiment. Both HARP and NA61 provide a large amount of inputmore » for validation and tuning of hadroproduction models in Monte-Carlo generators.« less

Coherent Beam-Beam Instability in Collisions with a Large Crossing Angle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ohmi, K.; Kuroo, N.; Oide, K.; Zhou, D.; Zimmermann, F.

2017-09-01

In recent years the "crab-waist collision" scheme [P. Raimondi, Proceedings of 2nd SuperB Workshop, Frascati, 2006.; M. Zobov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 174801 (2010), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.174801] has become popular for circular e+ e- colliders. The designs of several future colliders are based on this scheme. So far the beam-beam effects for collisions under a large crossing angle with or without crab waist were mostly studied using weak-strong simulations. We present here strong-strong simulations showing a novel strong coherent head-tail instability, which can limit the performance of proposed future colliders. We explain the underlying instability mechanism starting from the "cross-wake force" induced by the beam-beam interaction. Using this beam-beam wake, the beam-beam head tail modes are studied by an eigenmode analysis. The instability may affect all collider designs based on the crab-waist scheme. We suggest an experimental verification at SuperKEKB during its commissioning phase II.

Residual Field Correction of Pulsed Bending Magnet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takano, Junpei; Igarashi, Susumu; Kamikubota, Norihiko; Meigo, Shin-ichiro; Sato, Kenichi; Shirakata, Masashi; Yamada, Shuei

The Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) has an accelerator chain, Linac, Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS), and Main Ring (MR). The RCS accelerates the proton beam up to 3 GeV every 40 msec. After the beam is extracted from the RCS, it is delivered to a beam transport line, which is 3NBT for the Material and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF). Some bunches of the proton beam are bended from the 3NBT to another beam transport line, which is 3-50BT for the MR, by using a pulsed bending magnet (PB) [1]. However, the beam orbit in the 3NBT is kicked by the residual magnetic field of the PB. In order to correct the residual magnetic field, additional coils had been wound on the PB poles. As a result of scanning the current pattern of the correction coils, the orbit distortion in the 3NBT has been reduced.

75 FR 68350 - Fischer, Thomas J.; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-05

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. ID-6422-000] Fischer, Thomas J.; Notice of Filing October 29, 2010. Take notice that on October 29, 2010, Thomas J. Fischer filed an Application for Authorization to Hold Interlocking Positions as Director of Wisconsin Electric...

Future long-baseline neutrino oscillations: View from Asia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hayato, Yoshinari

2015-07-01

Accelerator based long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments have been playing important roles in revealing the nature of neutrinos. However, it turned out that the current experiments are not sufficient to study two major remaining problems, the CP violation in the lepton sector and the mass hierarchy of neutrinos. Therefore, several new experiments have been proposed. Among of them, two accelerator based long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments, the J-PARC neutrino beam and Hyper-Kamiokande, and MOMENT, have been proposed in Asia. These two projects are reviewed in this article.

Baby MIND: A Magnetised Spectrometer for the WAGASCI Experiment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Antonova, M.; et al.

The WAGASCI experiment being built at the J-PARC neutrino beam line will measure the difference in cross sections from neutrinos interacting with a water and scintillator targets, in order to constrain neutrino cross sections, essential for the T2K neutrino oscillation measurements. A prototype Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detector (MIND), called Baby MIND, is being constructed at CERN to act as a magnetic spectrometer behind the main WAGASCI target to be able to measure the charge and momentum of the outgoing muon from neutrino charged current interactions.

Status of the Beam Thermalization Area at the NSCL

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cooper, Kortney; Barquest, Bradley; Morrissey, David; Rodriguez, Jose Alberto; Schwarz, Stefan; Sumithrarachchi, Chandana; Kwarsick, Jeff; Savard, Guy

2013-10-01

Beam thermalization is a necessary process for the production of low-energy ion beams at projectile fragmentation facilities. Present beam thermalization techniques rely on passing high-energy ion beams through solid degraders followed by a gas cell where the remaining kinetic energy is dissipated through collisions with buffer gas atoms. Recently, the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) upgraded its thermalization area with the implementation of new large acceptance beam lines and a large RF-gas catcher constructed by Argonne National Lab (ANL). Two high-energy beam lines were commissioned along with the installation and commissioning of this new device in late 2012. Low-energy radioactive ion beams have been successfully delivered to the Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) charge breeder for the ReA3 reaccelerator, the SuN detector, the Low Energy Beam Ion Trap (LEBIT) penning trap, and the Beam Cooler and Laser Spectroscopy (BeCoLa) collinear laser beamline. Construction of a gas-filled reverse cyclotron dubbed the CycStopper is also underway. The status of the beam thermalization area will be presented and the overall efficiency of the system will be discussed.

Raman lidars for a better understanding of pollution in the Arctic System (PARCS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Patrick, Chazette; Jean-Christophe, Raut; Julien, Totems; Xiaoxia, Shang; Christophe, Caudoux; Julien, Delanoë; Kathy, Law

2018-04-01

The development of oil and gas drilling and the opening of new shipping routes, in the Barents and Norway seas, poses new challenges for the Arctic environment due to the impact of air pollution emissions on climate and air quality. To improve our knowledge of the interactions between aerosols, water vapor and cloud cover, within the French PARCS (Pollution in the ARCtic System) project, Raman lidar observations were performed from the ground and from an ultra-light aircraft near the North Cape in northern Norway, and coupled with measurements from a 95 GHz ground-based Doppler radar.

76 FR 10352 - Keyser, Michael J.; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-24

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. ID-6495-000] Keyser, Michael J.; Notice of Filing Take notice that on February 15, 2011, Michael J. Keyser submitted for filing, an application for authority to hold interlocking positions, pursuant to section 305(b) of the...

Study of J/ψ→pp̄ and J/ψ→nn̄

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ablikim, M.; Achasov, M. N.; Ambrose, D. J.

2012-08-31

The decays J/ψ→pp̄ and J/ψ→nn̄ have been investigated with a sample of 225.2×10⁶ J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII e⁺e⁻ collider. The branching fractions are determined to be B(J/ψ→pp̄)=(2.112±0.004±0.031)×10⁻³ and B(J/ψ→nn̄)=(2.07±0.01±0.17)×10⁻³. Distributions of the angle θ between the proton or antineutron and the beam direction are well described by the form 1+αcos²θ, and we find α=0.595±0.012±0.015 for J/ψ→pp̄ and α=0.50±0.04±0.21 for J/ψ→nn̄. Our branching-fraction results suggest a large phase angle between the strong and electromagnetic amplitudes describing the J/ψ→NN¯¯¯ decay.

ARIEL e-LINAC: Commissioning and Development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laxdal, R. E.; Zvyagintsev, V.

2016-09-01

A superconducting electron Linac (e-Linac) will be a part of the ARIEL facility for the production of radioactive ion beams (RIB) at TRIUMF. The e-Linac will consist of five 1.3GHz 9-cell cavities in three cryomodules delivering a 50MeV 10mA beam. The baseline operation will be single pass but a re-circulating ring is planned to allow either energy boost or energy recovery operation. The first stage of the accelerator which consists of two cryomodules has been successfully commissioned in 2014. The paper will discuss the superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) challenges of the accelerator. Cavities, crymodules and RF system design, preparation, and performance will be presented.

Satellite-Derived Tropical Cyclone Intensities And Structure Change (TCS-08)

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-30

eyewall details are available from the NRL P-3 Eldora radar and from the CloudSat cloud radar that infrequently samples TC inner core structure...18. Black, P., and J. Hawkins, 2009: Overview of the WC-130J storm-scale observations during T- PARC /TCS-08, Third THORPEX International Science...satellite data and products for mission support and science applications in T- PARC , Third THORPEX International Science Symposium, Monterey, CA

77 FR 58824 - J. P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corp.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-24

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. EL12-105-000] J. P. Morgan...(e), J. P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corp. (Complainant or JPMVEC) filed a formal complaint against... , or call (866) 208-3676 (toll free). For TTY, call (202) 502-8659. Comment Date: 5 p.m. Eastern Time...

Validation of a commercial TPS based on the VMC(++) Monte Carlo code for electron beams: commissioning and dosimetric comparison with EGSnrc in homogeneous and heterogeneous phantoms.

PubMed

Ferretti, A; Martignano, A; Simonato, F; Paiusco, M

2014-02-01

The aim of the present work was the validation of the VMC(++) Monte Carlo (MC) engine implemented in the Oncentra Masterplan (OMTPS) and used to calculate the dose distribution produced by the electron beams (energy 5-12 MeV) generated by the linear accelerator (linac) Primus (Siemens), shaped by a digital variable applicator (DEVA). The BEAMnrc/DOSXYZnrc (EGSnrc package) MC model of the linac head was used as a benchmark. Commissioning results for both MC codes were evaluated by means of 1D Gamma Analysis (2%, 2 mm), calculated with a home-made Matlab (The MathWorks) program, comparing the calculations with the measured profiles. The results of the commissioning of OMTPS were good [average gamma index (γ) > 97%]; some mismatches were found with large beams (size ≥ 15 cm). The optimization of the BEAMnrc model required to increase the beam exit window to match the calculated and measured profiles (final average γ > 98%). Then OMTPS dose distribution maps were compared with DOSXYZnrc with a 2D Gamma Analysis (3%, 3 mm), in 3 virtual water phantoms: (a) with an air step, (b) with an air insert, and (c) with a bone insert. The OMTPD and EGSnrc dose distributions with the air-water step phantom were in very high agreement (γ ∼ 99%), while for heterogeneous phantoms there were differences of about 9% in the air insert and of about 10-15% in the bone region. This is due to the Masterplan implementation of VMC(++) which reports the dose as "dose to water", instead of "dose to medium". Copyright © 2013 Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

H- beam transport experiments in a solenoid low energy beam transport.

PubMed

Gabor, C; Back, J J; Faircloth, D C; Izaola, Z; Lawrie, S R; Letchford, A P

2012-02-01

The Front End Test Stand (FETS) is located at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and aims for a high current, fast chopped 3 MeV H(-) ion beam suitable for future high power proton accelerators like ISIS upgrade. The main components of the front end are the Penning ion source, a low energy beam transport line, an radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) and a medium energy beam transport (MEBT) providing also a chopper section and rebuncher. FETS is in the stage of commissioning its low energy beam transport (LEBT) line consisting of three solenoids. The LEBT has to transport an H(-) high current beam (up to 60 mA) at 65 keV. This is the injection energy of the beam into the RFQ. The main diagnostics are slit-slit emittance scanners for each transversal plane. For optimizing the matching to the RFQ, experiments have been performed with a variety of solenoid settings to better understand the actual beam transport. Occasionally, source parameters such as extractor slit width and beam energy were varied as well. The paper also discusses simulations based on these measurements.

75 FR 17158 - Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park Advisory Commission; Notice of Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-05

... Ohio Canal National Historical Park Advisory Commission (the Commission) will be held at 9 a.m., on... personal identifying information from public review, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so. The members of the Commission are as follows: Mrs. Sheila Rabb Weidenfeld, Chairperson. Mr. Charles J. Weir...

76 FR 26315 - In the Matter of Certain Birthing Simulators and Associated Systems; Notice of Commission...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-06

... Chen, Office of the General Counsel, U.S. International Trade Commission, 500 E Street, SW., Washington... 5:15 p.m.) in the Office of the Secretary, U.S. International Trade Commission, 500 E Street, SW... Commission investigative attorney are requested to respond to the following question: Does section 337(j)(3...

Commissioning of the J-PET Detector for Studies of Decays of Positronium Atoms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Czerwiński, E.; Dulski, K.; Białas, P.; Curceanu, C.; Gajos, A.; Głowacz, B.; Gorgol, M.; Hiesmayr, B. C.; Jasińska, B.; Kisielewska, D.; Korcyl, G.; Kowalski, P.; Kozik, T.; Krawczyk, N.; Krzemień, W.; Kubicz, E.; Mohammed, M.; Niedźwiecki, Sz.; Pałka, M.; Pawlik-Niedźwiecka, M.; Raczyński, L.; Rudy, Z.; Sharma, N. G.; Sharma, S.; Shopa, R. Y.; Silarski, M.; Skurzok, M.; Wieczorek, A.; Wiślicki, W.; Zgardzińska, B.; Zieliński, M.; Moskal, P.

The Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph (J-PET) is a detector for medical imaging of the whole human body as well as for physics studies involving detection of electron-positron annihilation into photons. J-PET has high angular and time resolution and allows for measurement of spin of the positronium and the momenta and polarization vectors of annihilation quanta. In this article, we present the potential of the J-PET system for background rejection in the decays of positronium atoms.

[Analysis of regions determining resistence to fluoroquinolones in genes gyrA and parC in clinical isolates of Mycoplasma hominis].

PubMed

Gushchin, A E; Ladygina, V G; Govorun, V M; Taraskina, A M; Savicheva, A M

2000-01-01

Fifteen strains of M. hominis isolated from patients with urogenital inflammations were analyzed. Variations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) have been found in fluoroquinolone-resistant M. hominis clinical isolates in comparison with the reference PG21 strain. In one isolate, parC had Asn substitute at position 91.

Fixed-target hadron production experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Popov, Boris A.

2015-08-01

Results from fixed-target hadroproduction experiments (HARP, MIPP, NA49 and NA61/SHINE) as well as their implications for cosmic ray and neutrino physics are reviewed. HARP measurements have been used for predictions of neutrino beams in K2K and MiniBooNE/SciBooNE experiments and are also being used to improve predictions of the muon yields in EAS and of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes as well as to help in the optimization of neutrino factory and super-beam designs. Recent measurements released by the NA61/SHINE experiment are of significant importance for a precise prediction of the J-PARC neutrino beam used for the T2K experiment and for interpretation of EAS data. These hadroproduction experiments provide also a large amount of input for validation and tuning of hadron production models in Monte-Carlo generators.

Commissioning of the PRIOR proton microscope

DOE PAGES

Varentsov, D.; Antonov, O.; Bakhmutova, A.; ...

2016-02-18

Recently, a new high energy proton microscopy facility PRIOR (Proton Microscope for FAIR Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research) has been designed, constructed, and successfully commissioned at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany). As a result of the experiments with 3.5–4.5 GeV proton beams delivered by the heavy ion synchrotron SIS-18 of GSI, 30 μm spatial and 10 ns temporal resolutions of the proton microscope have been demonstrated. A new pulsed power setup for studying properties of matter under extremes has been developed for the dynamic commissioning of the PRIOR facility. This study describes the PRIOR setup as well asmore » the results of the first static and dynamic protonradiography experiments performed at GSI.« less

Commissioning of the PRIOR proton microscope

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Varentsov, D.; Antonov, O.; Bakhmutova, A.

Recently, a new high energy proton microscopy facility PRIOR (Proton Microscope for FAIR Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research) has been designed, constructed, and successfully commissioned at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany). As a result of the experiments with 3.5–4.5 GeV proton beams delivered by the heavy ion synchrotron SIS-18 of GSI, 30 μm spatial and 10 ns temporal resolutions of the proton microscope have been demonstrated. A new pulsed power setup for studying properties of matter under extremes has been developed for the dynamic commissioning of the PRIOR facility. This study describes the PRIOR setup as well asmore » the results of the first static and dynamic protonradiography experiments performed at GSI.« less

11. Historic American Buildings Survey Photocopy Commission of Fine Arts ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. Historic American Buildings Survey Photocopy Commission of Fine Arts Staff, 1972 FIRST-FLOOR PLAN J. L. S. Jennings, Jr., Delineator, Aug. 1972 - Walsh-Mclean House, 2020 Massachusetts Avenue Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia, DC

A mathematical approach to beam matching

PubMed Central

Manikandan, A; Nandy, M; Gossman, M S; Sureka, C S; Ray, A; Sujatha, N

2013-01-01

Objective: This report provides the mathematical commissioning instructions for the evaluation of beam matching between two different linear accelerators. Methods: Test packages were first obtained including an open beam profile, a wedge beam profile and a depth–dose curve, each from a 10×10 cm2 beam. From these plots, a spatial error (SE) and a percentage dose error were introduced to form new plots. These three test package curves and the associated error curves were then differentiated in space with respect to dose for a first and second derivative to determine the slope and curvature of each data set. The derivatives, also known as bandwidths, were analysed to determine the level of acceptability for the beam matching test described in this study. Results: The open and wedged beam profiles and depth–dose curve in the build-up region were determined to match within 1% dose error and 1-mm SE at 71.4% and 70.8% for of all points, respectively. For the depth–dose analysis specifically, beam matching was achieved for 96.8% of all points at 1%/1 mm beyond the depth of maximum dose. Conclusion: To quantify the beam matching procedure in any clinic, the user needs to merely generate test packages from their reference linear accelerator. It then follows that if the bandwidths are smooth and continuous across the profile and depth, there is greater likelihood of beam matching. Differentiated spatial and percentage variation analysis is appropriate, ideal and accurate for this commissioning process. Advances in knowledge: We report a mathematically rigorous formulation for the qualitative evaluation of beam matching between linear accelerators. PMID:23995874

Molecular analysis of ciprofloxacin resistance mechanisms in Malaysian ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and development of mismatch amplification mutation assays (MAMA) for rapid detection of gyrA and parC mutations.

PubMed

Al-Marzooq, Farah; Mohd Yusof, Mohd Yasim; Tay, Sun Tee

2014-01-01

Ninety-three Malaysian extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were investigated for ciprofloxacin resistance. Two mismatch amplification mutation (MAMA) assays were developed and used to facilitate rapid detection of gyrA and parC mutations. The isolates were also screened for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes including aac(6')-Ib-cr, qepA, and qnr. Ciprofloxacin resistance (MICs 4- ≥ 32  μ g/mL) was noted in 34 (37%) isolates, of which 33 isolates had multiple mutations either in gyrA alone (n = 1) or in both gyrA and parC regions (n = 32). aac(6')-Ib-cr was the most common PMQR gene detected in this study (n = 61), followed by qnrB and qnrS (n = 55 and 1, resp.). Low-level ciprofloxacin resistance (MICs 1-2  μ g/mL) was noted in 40 (43%) isolates carrying qnrB accompanied by either aac(6')-Ib-cr (n = 34) or a single gyrA 83 mutation (n = 6). Ciprofloxacin resistance was significantly associated with the presence of multiple mutations in gyrA and parC regions. While the isolates harbouring gyrA and/or parC alteration were distributed into 11 PFGE clusters, no specific clusters were associated with isolates carrying PMQR genes. The high prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance amongst the Malaysian ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates suggests the need for more effective infection control measures to limit the spread of these resistant organisms in the hospital.

Simulation of periodically focused, adiabatic thermal beams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, C.; Akylas, T. R.; Barton, T. J.

2012-12-21

Self-consistent particle-in-cell simulations are performed to verify earlier theoretical predictions of adiabatic thermal beams in a periodic solenoidal magnetic focusing field [K.R. Samokhvalova, J. Zhou and C. Chen, Phys. Plasma 14, 103102 (2007); J. Zhou, K.R. Samokhvalova and C. Chen, Phys. Plasma 15, 023102 (2008)]. In particular, results are obtained for adiabatic thermal beams that do not rotate in the Larmor frame. For such beams, the theoretical predictions of the rms beam envelope, the conservations of the rms thermal emittances, the adiabatic equation of state, and the Debye length are verified in the simulations. Furthermore, the adiabatic thermal beam ismore » found be stable in the parameter regime where the simulations are performed.« less

Advanced photoinjector experiment photogun commissioning results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sannibale, F.; Filippetto, D.; Papadopoulos, C. F.; Staples, J.; Wells, R.; Bailey, B.; Baptiste, K.; Corlett, J.; Cork, C.; De Santis, S.; Dimaggio, S.; Doolittle, L.; Doyle, J.; Feng, J.; Garcia Quintas, D.; Huang, G.; Huang, H.; Kramasz, T.; Kwiatkowski, S.; Lellinger, R.; Moroz, V.; Norum, W. E.; Padmore, H.; Pappas, C.; Portmann, G.; Vecchione, T.; Vinco, M.; Zolotorev, M.; Zucca, F.

2012-10-01

The Advanced Photoinjector Experiment (APEX) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is dedicated to the development of a high-brightness high-repetition rate (MHz-class) electron injector for x-ray free-electron laser (FEL) and other applications where high repetition rates and high brightness are simultaneously required. The injector is based on a new concept rf gun utilizing a normal-conducting (NC) cavity resonating in the VHF band at 186 MHz, and operating in continuous wave (cw) mode in conjunction with high quantum efficiency photocathodes capable of delivering the required charge at MHz repetition rates with available laser technology. The APEX activities are staged in three phases. In phase 0, the NC cw gun is built and tested to demonstrate the major milestones to validate the gun design and performance. Also, starting in phase 0 and continuing in phase I, different photocathodes are tested at the gun energy and at full repetition rate for validating candidate materials to operate in a high-repetition rate FEL. In phase II, a room-temperature pulsed linac is added for accelerating the beam at several tens of MeV to reduce space charge effects and allow the measurement of the brightness of the beam from the gun when integrated in an injector scheme. The installation of the phase 0 beam line and the commissioning of the VHF gun are completed, phase I components are under fabrication, and initial design and specification of components and layout for phase II are under way. This paper presents the phase 0 commissioning results with emphasis on the experimental milestones that have successfully demonstrated the APEX gun capability of operating at the required performance.

SU-F-T-506: Development and Commissioning of the Effective and Efficient Grid Therapy Using High Dose Rate Flattening Filter Free Beam and Multileaf Collimator

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, M; Wen, N; Beyer, C

Purpose: Treating bulky tumors with grid therapy (GT) has demonstrated high response rates. Long delivery time (∼15min), with consequent increased risk of intrafraction motion, is a major disadvantage of conventional MLC-based GT (MLC-GT). The goal of this study was to develop and commission a MLC-GT technique with similar dosimetric characteristics, but more efficient delivery. Methods: Grid plan was designed with 10X-FFF (2400MU/min) beam and MLC in a commercial treatment planning system (TPS). Grid size was 1cm by 1cm and grid-to-grid distance was 2cm. Field-in-field technique was used to flatten the dose profile at depth of 10cm. Prescription was 15Gy atmore » 1.5cm depth. Doses were verified at depths of 1.5cm, 5cm and 10cm. Point dose was measured with a plastic scintillator detector (PSD) while the planar dose was measured with calibrated Gafchromic EBT3 films in a 20cm think, 30cmx30cm solid water phantom. The measured doses were compared to the doses calculated in the treatment planning system. Percent depth dose (PDD) within the grid was also measured using EBT3 film. Five clinical cases were planned to compare beam-on time. Results: The valley-to-peak dose ratio at the 3 depths was approximately 10–15%, which is very similar to published result. The average point dose difference between the PSD measurements and TPS calculation is 2.1±0.6%. Film dosimetry revealed good agreement between the delivered and calculated dose. The average gamma passing rates at the 3 depths were 95% (3%, 1mm). The average percent difference between the measured PDD and calculated PDD was 2.1% within the depth of 20cm. The phantom plan delivery time was 3.6 min. Average beam-on time was reduced by 66.1±5.6% for the 5 clinical cases. Conclusion: An effective and efficient GT technique was developed and commissioned for the treatment of bulky tumors using FFF beam combined with MLC and automation. The Department of Radiation Oncology at Henry Ford Health System receives

Ant colony algorithm implementation in electron and photon Monte Carlo transport: application to the commissioning of radiosurgery photon beams.

PubMed

García-Pareja, S; Galán, P; Manzano, F; Brualla, L; Lallena, A M

2010-07-01

In this work, the authors describe an approach which has been developed to drive the application of different variance-reduction techniques to the Monte Carlo simulation of photon and electron transport in clinical accelerators. The new approach considers the following techniques: Russian roulette, splitting, a modified version of the directional bremsstrahlung splitting, and the azimuthal particle redistribution. Their application is controlled by an ant colony algorithm based on an importance map. The procedure has been applied to radiosurgery beams. Specifically, the authors have calculated depth-dose profiles, off-axis ratios, and output factors, quantities usually considered in the commissioning of these beams. The agreement between Monte Carlo results and the corresponding measurements is within approximately 3%/0.3 mm for the central axis percentage depth dose and the dose profiles. The importance map generated in the calculation can be used to discuss simulation details in the different parts of the geometry in a simple way. The simulation CPU times are comparable to those needed within other approaches common in this field. The new approach is competitive with those previously used in this kind of problems (PSF generation or source models) and has some practical advantages that make it to be a good tool to simulate the radiation transport in problems where the quantities of interest are difficult to obtain because of low statistics.

Electron-beam-driven RI separator for SCRIT (ERIS) at RIKEN RI beam factory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ohnishi, T.; Ichikawa, S.; Koizumi, K.; Kurita, K.; Miyashita, Y.; Ogawara, R.; Tamaki, S.; Togasaki, M.; Wakasugi, M.

2013-12-01

We constructed a radioactive isotope (RI) separator named ERIS (electron-beam-driven RI separator for SCRIT) for the SCRIT (Self-Confinement RI Target) electron scattering facility at RIKEN RI Beam Factory (RIBF). In ERIS, production rate of fission products in the photofission of uranium is estimated to be 2.2 ×1011 fissions/s with 30 g of uranium and a 1-kW electron beam. During the commissioning of ERIS, the mass resolution and overall efficiency, including ionization, extraction, and transmission, were found to be 1660 and 21%, respectively, using natural xenon gas. The preparation of uranium carbide (UC2) RI production targets is described from which a 132Sn beam was successfully separated in our first attempt at RI production.

Commissioning of an integrated platform for time-resolved treatment delivery in scanned ion beam therapy by means of optical motion monitoring.

PubMed

Fattori, G; Saito, N; Seregni, M; Kaderka, R; Pella, A; Constantinescu, A; Riboldi, M; Steidl, P; Cerveri, P; Bert, C; Durante, M; Baroni, G

2014-12-01

The integrated use of optical technologies for patient monitoring is addressed in the framework of time-resolved treatment delivery for scanned ion beam therapy. A software application has been designed to provide the therapy control system (TCS) with a continuous geometrical feedback by processing the external surrogates tridimensional data, detected in real-time via optical tracking. Conventional procedures for phase-based respiratory phase detection were implemented, as well as the interface to patient specific correlation models, in order to estimate internal tumor motion from surface markers. In this paper, particular attention is dedicated to the quantification of time delays resulting from system integration and its compensation by means of polynomial interpolation in the time domain. Dedicated tests to assess the separate delay contributions due to optical signal processing, digital data transfer to the TCS and passive beam energy modulation actuation have been performed. We report the system technological commissioning activities reporting dose distribution errors in a phantom study, where the treatment of a lung lesion was simulated, with both lateral and range beam position compensation. The zero-delay systems integration with a specific active scanning delivery machine was achieved by tuning the amount of time prediction applied to lateral (14.61 ± 0.98 ms) and depth (34.1 ± 6.29 ms) beam position correction signals, featuring sub-millimeter accuracy in forward estimation. Direct optical target observation and motion phase (MPh) based tumor motion discretization strategies were tested, resulting in 20.3(2.3)% and 21.2(9.3)% median (IQR) percentual relative dose difference with respect to static irradiation, respectively. Results confirm the technical feasibility of the implemented strategy towards 4D treatment delivery, with negligible percentual dose deviations with respect to static irradiation.

Assessment of a three‐dimensional (3D) water scanning system for beam commissioning and measurements on a helical tomotherapy unit

PubMed Central

Ashenafi, Michael S.; McDonald, Daniel G.; Vanek, Kenneth N.

2015-01-01

Beam scanning data collected on the tomotherapy linear accelerator using the TomoScanner water scanning system is primarily used to verify the golden beam profiles included in all Helical TomoTherapy treatment planning systems (TOMO TPSs). The user is not allowed to modify the beam profiles/parameters for beam modeling within the TOMO TPSs. The authors report the first feasibility study using the Blue Phantom Helix (BPH) as an alternative to the TomoScanner (TS) system. This work establishes a benchmark dataset using BPH for target commissioning and quality assurance (QA), and quantifies systematic uncertainties between TS and BPH. Reproducibility of scanning with BPH was tested by three experienced physicists taking five sets of measurements over a six‐month period. BPH provides several enhancements over TS, including a 3D scanning arm, which is able to acquire necessary beam‐data with one tank setup, a universal chamber mount, and the OmniPro software, which allows online data collection and analysis. Discrepancies between BPH and TS were estimated by acquiring datasets with each tank. In addition, data measured with BPH and TS was compared to the golden TOMO TPS beam data. The total systematic uncertainty, defined as the combination of scanning system and beam modeling uncertainties, was determined through numerical analysis and tabulated. OmniPro was used for all analysis to eliminate uncertainty due to different data processing algorithms. The setup reproducibility of BPH remained within 0.5 mm/0.5%. Comparing BPH, TS, and Golden TPS for PDDs beyond maximum depth, the total systematic uncertainties were within 1.4 mm/2.1%. Between BPH and TPS golden data, maximum differences in the field width and penumbra of in‐plane profiles were within 0.8 and 1.1 mm, respectively. Furthermore, in cross‐plane profiles, the field width differences increased at depth greater than 10 cm up to 2.5 mm, and maximum penumbra uncertainties were 5.6 mm and 4.6 mm from TS

Human rights assessment in Parc Jean Marie Vincent, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

PubMed

Cullen, Kimberly A; Ivers, Louise C

2010-12-15

Months after a 7.0 magnitude earthquake hit Port-au-Prince, Haiti, over one million remain homeless and living in spontaneous internally displaced person (IDP) camps. Billions of dollars from aid organizations and government agencies have been pledged toward the relief effort, yet many basic human needs, including food, shelter, and sanitation, continue to be unmet. The Sphere Project, "Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response," identifies the minimum standards to be attained in disaster response. From a human rights perspective and utilizing key indicators from the Sphere Project as benchmarks, this article reports on an assessment of the living conditions approximately 12 weeks after the earthquake in Parc Jean Marie Vincent, a spontaneous IDP camp in Port-au-Prince. A stratified random sample of households in the camp, proportionate to the number of families living in each sector, was selected. Interview questions were designed to serve as "key indicators" for the Sphere Project minimum standards. A total of 486 interviews were completed, representing approximately 5% of households in each of the five sectors of the camp. Our assessment identified the relative achievements and shortcomings in the provision of relief services in Parc Jean Marie Vincent. At the time of this survey, the Sphere Project minimum standards for access to health care and quantity of water per person per day were being met. Food, shelter, sanitation, and security were below minimum accepted standard and of major concern. The formal assessment reported here was completed by September 2010, and is necessarily limited to conditions in Haiti before the cholera outbreak in October. Copyright © 2010 Cullen and Ivers. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any

Commissioning and operation of the deuteron injector for PKUNIFTY project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ren, H. T.; Peng, S. X.; Lu, P. N.; Zhao, J.; Zhou, Q. F.; Song, Z. Z.; Yuan, Z. X.; Yu, J. X.; Guo, Z. Y.; Chen, J. E.

2014-02-01

PKUNIFTY (PeKing University Neutron Imaging FaciliTY), a thermal neutron imaging facility based on a 2 MeV RFQ accelerator, has been constructed at Peking University. Its deuteron injector, which consists of a 2.45 GHz permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance (PMECR) deuteron ion source and a two-solenoid low energy beam transport (LEBT), aims at producing and delivering 50 mA, 50 keV deuteron beam with a duty factor of 10% (1 ms, 100 Hz). In the preliminary tests of RFQ accelerator, the ECR ion source and LEBT are required to operate at various duty factors (from 1% to 10%). The deuteron ion source has been tested with different pulse widths for this reason. In order to optimize the transmission parameters, the beam current at the exit of RFQ as a function of solenoids tuning and steering magnets tuning are carefully studied. The beam emittance at the entrance of RFQ has been measured with space charge compensation by different argon gas (RG) pressure from 1.6 × 10-4 Pa to 4.7 × 10-3 Pa. The measuring results show the best compensating pressure is 3.5 × 10-3 Pa with a minimal normalized rms emittance of 0.12 pi mm mrad. During the commissioning, we found the purity of deuteron gas is an important factor which severely affects ECR discharge and plasma intensity inside the ion source chamber. The detailed experimental results obtained during the commissioning are discussed in this paper.

Integral transformation solution of free-space cylindrical vector beams and prediction of modified Bessel-Gaussian vector beams.

PubMed

Li, Chun-Fang

2007-12-15

A unified description of free-space cylindrical vector beams is presented that is an integral transformation solution to the vector Helmholtz equation and the transversality condition. In the paraxial condition, this solution not only includes the known J(1) Bessel-Gaussian vector beam and the axisymmetric Laguerre-Gaussian vector beam that were obtained by solving the paraxial wave equations but also predicts two kinds of vector beam, called a modified Bessel-Gaussian vector beam.

Molecular Analysis of Ciprofloxacin Resistance Mechanisms in Malaysian ESBL-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates and Development of Mismatch Amplification Mutation Assays (MAMA) for Rapid Detection of gyrA and parC Mutations

PubMed Central

Mohd Yusof, Mohd Yasim; Tay, Sun Tee

2014-01-01

Ninety-three Malaysian extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were investigated for ciprofloxacin resistance. Two mismatch amplification mutation (MAMA) assays were developed and used to facilitate rapid detection of gyrA and parC mutations. The isolates were also screened for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes including aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qepA, and qnr. Ciprofloxacin resistance (MICs 4– ≥ 32 μg/mL) was noted in 34 (37%) isolates, of which 33 isolates had multiple mutations either in gyrA alone (n = 1) or in both gyrA and parC regions (n = 32). aac(6′)-Ib-cr was the most common PMQR gene detected in this study (n = 61), followed by qnrB and qnrS (n = 55 and 1, resp.). Low-level ciprofloxacin resistance (MICs 1-2 μg/mL) was noted in 40 (43%) isolates carrying qnrB accompanied by either aac(6′)-Ib-cr (n = 34) or a single gyrA 83 mutation (n = 6). Ciprofloxacin resistance was significantly associated with the presence of multiple mutations in gyrA and parC regions. While the isolates harbouring gyrA and/or parC alteration were distributed into 11 PFGE clusters, no specific clusters were associated with isolates carrying PMQR genes. The high prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance amongst the Malaysian ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates suggests the need for more effective infection control measures to limit the spread of these resistant organisms in the hospital. PMID:24860827

Overview of laser systems for the Orion facility at the AWE.

PubMed

Hopps, Nicholas; Danson, Colin; Duffield, Stuart; Egan, David; Elsmere, Stephen; Girling, Mark; Harvey, Ewan; Hillier, David; Norman, Michael; Parker, Stefan; Treadwell, Paul; Winter, David; Bett, Thomas

2013-05-20

The commissioning of the Orion laser facility at the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) in the UK has recently been completed. The facility is a twelve beam Nd:glass-based system for studying high energy density physics. It consists of ten frequency-tripled beam-lines operating with nanosecond pulses, synchronized with two beam-lines with subpicosecond pulses, each capable of delivering 500 J to target. One of the short pulse beams has the option of frequency doubling, at reduced aperture, to yield up to 100 J at 527 nm in a subpicosecond pulse with high temporal contrast. An extensive array of target diagnostics is provided. This article describes the laser design and commissioning and presents key performance data of the facility's laser systems.

SU-E-T-660: Quantitative Fault Testing for Commissioning of Proton Therapy Machines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Reilly, M; Rankine, L; Grantham, K

2015-06-15

Purpose: To ensure proper fault testing for the first single room proton therapy machine by establishing a common set of acceptance testing and commissioning parameters with the manufacturer. The following work details the parameters tested and associated results. Methods: Dose rates in service mode were varied to ensure that when the threshold for maximum or minimum MU/min was met, the beam promptly shut off. The flatness parameter was tested by purposely assigning an incorrect secondary scatter, to ensure the beam shut off when detecting a heterogeneous profile. The beam symmetry parameter was tested by altering the steering coil up tomore » 3.0A, thereby forcing the beam to be asymmetric and shut off. Lastly, the quench system was tested by ramping down the magnet to 5% capacity, whereby the quench button was engaged to bring down the magnet current to a safe level. Results: A dose rate increase or decrease in excess of 10% shut the beam off within 5 seconds as observed by the current on a Matrixx ionization chamber array (IBA Dosimetry, Bartlett, TN) A 3.0A change in the beam steering coil introduced a 2% change in the flatness and symmetry profiles with respect to baseline measurements resulting in the beam shutting off within 5 seconds. An incorrect 2nd scatterer introduced a flatness of 4.1% and symmetry of 6.4% which immediately triggered a beam shut off. Finally, the quench system worked as expected during the ramp down procedure. Conclusion: A fault testing plan to check dosimetric faults and the quench system was performed for the first single room proton therapy system. All dosimetric parameters and machine conditions were met to our satisfaction. We propose that the same type of fault testing should be applied to any proton system during commissioning, including scanning beam systems.« less

Toward acquiring comprehensive radiosurgery field commissioning data using the PRESAGE®/ optical-CT 3D dosimetry system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clift, Corey; Thomas, Andrew; Adamovics, John; Chang, Zheng; Das, Indra; Oldham, Mark

2010-03-01

Achieving accurate small field dosimetry is challenging. This study investigates the utility of a radiochromic plastic PRESAGE® read with optical-CT for the acquisition of radiosurgery field commissioning data from a Novalis Tx system with a high-definition multileaf collimator (HDMLC). Total scatter factors (Sc, p), beam profiles, and penumbrae were measured for five different radiosurgery fields (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mm) using a commercially available optical-CT scanner (OCTOPUS, MGS Research). The percent depth dose (PDD), beam profile and penumbra of the 10 mm field were also measured using a higher resolution in-house prototype CCD-based scanner. Gafchromic EBT® film was used for independent verification. Measurements of Sc, p made with PRESAGE® and film agreed with mini-ion chamber commissioning data to within 4% for every field (range 0.2-3.6% for PRESAGE®, and 1.6-3.6% for EBT). PDD, beam profile and penumbra measurements made with the two PRESAGE®/optical-CT systems and film showed good agreement with the high-resolution diode commissioning measurements with a competitive resolution (0.5 mm pixels). The in-house prototype optical-CT scanner allowed much finer resolution compared with previous applications of PRESAGE®. The advantages of the PRESAGE® system for small field dosimetry include 3D measurements, negligible volume averaging, directional insensitivity, an absence of beam perturbations, energy and dose rate independence.

Toward acquiring comprehensive radiosurgery field commissioning data using the PRESAGE®/optical-CT 3D dosimetry system

PubMed Central

Clift, Corey; Thomas, Andrew; Adamovics, John; Chang, Zheng; Das, Indra; Oldham, Mark

2010-01-01

Achieving accurate small field dosimetry is challenging. This study investigates the utility of a radiochromic plastic PRESAGE® read with optical-CT for the acquisition of radiosurgery field commissioning data from a Novalis Tx system with a high-definition multileaf collimator (HDMLC). Total scatter factors (Sc, p), beam profiles, and penumbrae were measured for five different radiosurgery fields (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mm) using a commercially available optical-CT scanner (OCTOPUS, MGS Research). The percent depth dose (PDD), beam profile and penumbra of the 10 mm field were also measured using a higher resolution in-house prototype CCD-based scanner. Gafchromic EBT® film was used for independent verification. Measurements of Sc, p made with PRESAGE® and film agreed with mini-ion chamber commissioning data to within 4% for every field (range 0.2–3.6% for PRESAGE®, and 1.6–3.6% for EBT). PDD, beam profile and penumbra measurements made with the two PRESAGE®/optical-CT systems and film showed good agreement with the high-resolution diode commissioning measurements with a competitive resolution (0.5 mm pixels). The in-house prototype optical-CT scanner allowed much finer resolution compared with previous applications of PRESAGE®. The advantages of the PRESAGE® system for small field dosimetry include 3D measurements, negligible volume averaging, directional insensitivity, an absence of beam perturbations, energy and dose rate independence. PMID:20134082

18 CFR 2.1c - Policy statement on consultation with Indian tribes in Commission proceedings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... comprehensive study of one or more of the beneficial uses of a waterway or waterways; (2) Includes a description... may engage in with any party in a contested case. Nevertheless, the Commission will endeavor, to the... approaches, and there are some limitations that must be observed. (j) The Commission will seek to notify...

18 CFR 2.1c - Policy statement on consultation with Indian tribes in Commission proceedings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... comprehensive study of one or more of the beneficial uses of a waterway or waterways; (2) Includes a description... may engage in with any party in a contested case. Nevertheless, the Commission will endeavor, to the... approaches, and there are some limitations that must be observed. (j) The Commission will seek to notify...

18 CFR 2.1c - Policy statement on consultation with Indian tribes in Commission proceedings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... comprehensive study of one or more of the beneficial uses of a waterway or waterways; (2) Includes a description... may engage in with any party in a contested case. Nevertheless, the Commission will endeavor, to the... approaches, and there are some limitations that must be observed. (j) The Commission will seek to notify...

18 CFR 2.1c - Policy statement on consultation with Indian tribes in Commission proceedings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... comprehensive study of one or more of the beneficial uses of a waterway or waterways; (2) Includes a description... may engage in with any party in a contested case. Nevertheless, the Commission will endeavor, to the... approaches, and there are some limitations that must be observed. (j) The Commission will seek to notify...

18 CFR 2.1c - Policy statement on consultation with Indian tribes in Commission proceedings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... comprehensive study of one or more of the beneficial uses of a waterway or waterways; (2) Includes a description... may engage in with any party in a contested case. Nevertheless, the Commission will endeavor, to the... approaches, and there are some limitations that must be observed. (j) The Commission will seek to notify...

78 FR 74127 - Beam, D. Richard; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-10

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. ID-7277-000] Beam, D. Richard; Notice of Filing Take notice that on November 27, 2013, D. Richard Beam submitted for filing, an....m. Eastern Time on December 18, 2013. Dated: November 29, 2013. Kimberly D. Bose, Secretary. [FR Doc...

Characterization of Noble Gas Ion Beam Fabricated Single Molecule Nanopore Detectors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rollings, Ryan; Ledden, Bradley; Shultz, John; Fologea, Daniel; Li, Jiali; Chervinsky, John; Golovchenko, Jene

2006-03-01

Nanopores fabricated with low energy noble gas ion beams in a silicon nitride membrane can be employed as the fundamental element of single biomolecule detection and characterization devices [1,2]. With the help of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Rutherford Backscattering (RBS), we demonstrate that the electrical noise properties, and hence ultimate sensitivity of nanopore single molecule detectors depends on ion beam species and nanopore annealing conditions. .1. Li, J., D. Stein, C. McMullan, D. Branton, M.J. Aziz, and J.A. Golovchenko, Ion-beam sculpting at nanometre length scales. Nature, 2001. 412(12 July): p. 166-169. 2. Li, J., M. Gershow, D. Stein, E. Brandin, and J.A. Golovchenko, DNA Molecules and Configurations in a Solid-state Nanopore Microscope. Nature Materials, 2003. 2: p. 611-615.

Characterization of Bivoj/DiPOLE 100: HiLASE 100-J/10-Hz diode pumped solid state laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pilar, Jan; De Vido, Mariastefania; Divoky, Martin; Mason, Paul; Hanus, Martin; Ertel, Klaus; Navratil, Petr; Butcher, Thomas; Slezak, Ondrej; Banerjee, Saumyabrata; Phillips, Jonathan; Smith, Jodie; Lucianetti, Antonio; Hernandez-Gomez, Cristina; Edwards, Chris; Collier, John; Mocek, Tomas

2018-02-01

The HiLASE "Bivoj" laser system developed at CLF Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in collaboration with HiLASE team as DiPOLE100 was relocated to Dolni Brezany near Prague, Czechia at the end of 2015 and fully re-commissioned at the end of 2016. In 2016, the system demonstrated average output power of 1kW generating pulses of 105 J at 10 Hz repetition rate for the first time in the world. Since then the system has been subjected to several testing campaigns in order to determine some of its key characteristics. Beam quality, wavefront quality, pointing stability, energy stability and experience with long term operation of 1 kW laser are presented. In addition, depolarization effects have been detected inside the main amplifier. Details on these results along with numerical simulations are presented.

Imaging spectroscopy of type U and J solar radio bursts with LOFAR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reid, Hamish A. S.; Kontar, Eduard P.

2017-10-01

Context. Radio U-bursts and J-bursts are signatures of electron beams propagating along magnetic loops confined to the corona. The more commonly observed type III radio bursts are signatures of electron beams propagating along magnetic loops that extend into interplanetary space. Given the prevalence of solar magnetic flux to be closed in the corona, why type III bursts are more frequently observed than U-bursts or J-bursts is an outstanding question. Aims: We use Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) imaging spectroscopy between 30-80 MHz of low-frequency U-bursts and J-bursts, for the first time, to understand why electron beams travelling along coronal loops produce radio emission less often. Radio burst observations provide information not only about the exciting electron beams but also about the structure of large coronal loops with densities that are too low for standard extreme ultraviolet (EUV) or X-ray analysis. Methods: We analysed LOFAR images of a sequence of two J-bursts and one U-burst. The different radio source positions were used to model the spatial structure of the guiding magnetic flux tube and then deduce the energy range of the exciting electron beams without the assumption of a standard density model. We also estimated the electron density along the magnetic flux rope and compared it to coronal models. Results: The radio sources infer a magnetic loop that is 1 solar radius in altitude with the highest frequency sources starting around 0.6 solar radii. Electron velocities were found between 0.13 c and 0.24 c with the front of the electron beam travelling faster than the back of the electron beam. The velocities correspond to energy ranges within the beam from 0.7-11 keV to 0.7-43 keV. The density along the loop is higher than typical coronal density models and the density gradient is smaller. Conclusions: We found that a more restrictive range of accelerated beam and background plasma parameters can result in U-bursts or J-bursts, causing type III

A plasma amplifier to combine multiple beams at NIF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kirkwood, R. K.; Turnbull, D. P.; Chapman, T.; Wilks, S. C.; Rosen, M. D.; London, R. A.; Pickworth, L. A.; Colaitis, A.; Dunlop, W. H.; Poole, P.; Moody, J. D.; Strozzi, D. J.; Michel, P. A.; Divol, L.; Landen, O. L.; MacGowan, B. J.; Van Wonterghem, B. M.; Fournier, K. B.; Blue, B. E.

2018-05-01

Combining laser beams in a plasma is enabled by seeded stimulated Brillouin scattering which allows cross-beam energy transfer (CBET) to occur and re-distributes the energy between beams that cross with different incident angles and small differences in wavelength [Kirkwood et al. Phys. Plasmas 4, 1800 (1997)]. Indirect-drive implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [Haynam et al. Appl. Opt. 46, 3276-3303 (2007)] have controlled drive symmetry by using plasma amplifiers to transfer energy between beams [Kirkwood et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 55, 103001 (2013); Lindl et al., Phys. Plasmas 21, 020501 (2014); and Hurricane et al. Nature 506, 343-348 (2014)]. In this work, we show that the existing models are well enough validated by experiments to allow a design of a plasma beam combiner that, once optimized, is expected to produce a pulse of light in a single beam with the energy greatly enhanced over existing sources. The scheme combines up to 61 NIF beams with 120 kJ of available energy into a single f/20 beam with a 1 ns pulse duration and a 351 nm wavelength by both resonant and off-resonance CBET. Initial experiments are also described that have already succeeded in producing a 4 kJ, 1 ns pulse in a single beam by combination of up to eight incident pump beams containing <1.1 kJ/beam, which are maintained near resonance for CBET in a plasma that is formed by 60 pre-heating beams [Kirkwood et al., Nat. Phys. 14, 80 (2018)].

77 FR 37074 - License Amendment Request From the Alan J. Blotcky Reactor Facility

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-20

... the Alan J. Blotcky Reactor Facility AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Notice of... section of this document. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Theodore Smith, Project Manager, Reactor... provided the first time that a document is referenced. The Alan J. Blotcky Reactor Facility Decommissioning...

Beam diagnostics at high-intensity storage rings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plum, Mike

1994-10-01

Beam diagnostics at high-intensity facilities feature their own special set of problems and characteristics, issues peculiar to high-intensity storage rings include beam loss, beam halos, extraction efficiency, beam in the gap, clearing electrodes, and beam-profile measurement. The Los Alamos Proton Storage Ring (PSR) is a nice example of a high-intensity storage ring. I will discuss in some detail three diagnostic systems currently in use at the PSR: the beam-loss-monitor system, the electron-clearing system, and the beam-in-the-gap monitor. Much of our discussion is inspired by the problems we have encountered and the useful things we have learned while commissioning and developing the PSR. Another inspiration is our work on the next-generation neutron-spallation source, also known as the National Center for Neutron Research (NCNR).

Plasma focus ion beam-scaling laws

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saw, S. H.

2014-08-01

Measurements on plasma focus ion beams include various advanced techniques producing a variety of data which has yet to produce benchmark numbers. Recent numerical experiments using an extended version of the Lee Code has produced reference numbers and scaling trends for number and energy fluence of deuteron beams as functions of stored energy E0. At the pinch exit the ion number fluence (ions m-2) and energy fluence (J m-2) computed as 2.4-7.8×1020 and 2.2-33×106 respectively were found to be independent of E0 from 0.4 - 486 kJ. This work was extended to the ion beams for various gases. The results show that, for a given plasma focus, the fluence, flux, ion number and ion current decrease from the lightest to the heaviest gas except for trend-breaking higher values for Ar fluence and flux. The energy fluence, energy flux, power flow and damage factors are relatively constant from H2 to N2 but increase for Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe due to radiative cooling and collapse effects. This paper reviews this work and in a concluding section attempts to put the accumulating large amounts of data into the form of a scaling law of beam energy Ebeam versus storage energy E0 taking the form for deuteron as: {Ebeam} = 18.2{E}01.23; where Ebeam is in J and E0 is in kJ. It is hoped that the establishment of such scaling laws places on a firm footing the reference quantitative ideas for plasma focus ion beams.

First results from the commissioning of the BGO-OD experiment at ELSA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bella, Andreas

2014-11-01

The BGO-OD experiment at the ELSA accelerator facility in Bonn combines the highly segmented BGO calorimeter with a particle tracking magnetic spectrometer at forward angles. An extensive physics program using an energy tagged Bremsstrahlung photon beam is planned. The commissioning phase of the experiment is recently complete, enhancements for the BGO-OD experiment are nevertheless in development. Recent results from the analysis of the commissioning data, which includes particle track reconstruction in the forward spectrometer and momentum reconstruction with the BGO calorimeter are presented.

Adaptive Filter Techniques for Optical Beam Jitter Control and Target Tracking

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-01

OPTICAL BEAM JITTER CONTROL AND TARGET TRACKING Michael J. Beerer Civilian, United States Air Force B.S., University of California Irvine, 2006...TECHNIQUES FOR OPTICAL BEAM JITTER CONTROL AND TARGET TRACKING by Michael J. Beerer December 2008 Thesis Advisor: Brij N. Agrawal Co...DATE December 2008 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Adaptive Filter Techniques for Optical Beam Jitter

Assessment of plasma chitotriosidase activity, CCL18/PARC concentration and NP-C suspicion index in the diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease type C: a prospective observational study.

PubMed

De Castro-Orós, Isabel; Irún, Pilar; Cebolla, Jorge Javier; Rodriguez-Sureda, Victor; Mallén, Miguel; Pueyo, María Jesús; Mozas, Pilar; Dominguez, Carmen; Pocoví, Miguel

2017-02-21

Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare, autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in either the NPC1 or NPC2 genes. The diagnosis of NP-C remains challenging due to the non-specific, heterogeneous nature of signs/symptoms. This study assessed the utility of plasma chitotriosidase (ChT) and Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18)/pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC) in conjunction with the NP-C suspicion index (NP-C SI) for guiding confirmatory laboratory testing in patients with suspected NP-C. In a prospective observational cohort study, incorporating a retrospective determination of NP-C SI scores, two different diagnostic approaches were applied in two separate groups of unrelated patients from 51 Spanish medical centers (n = 118 in both groups). From Jan 2010 to Apr 2012 (Period 1), patients with ≥2 clinical signs/symptoms of NP-C were considered 'suspected NP-C' cases, and NPC1/NPC2 sequencing, plasma chitotriosidase (ChT), CCL18/PARC and sphingomyelinase levels were assessed. Based on findings in Period 1, plasma ChT and CCL18/PARC, and NP-C SI prediction scores were determined in a second group of patients between May 2012 and Apr 2014 (Period 2), and NPC1 and NPC2 were sequenced only in those with elevated ChT and/or elevated CCL18/PARC and/or NP-C SI ≥70. Filipin staining and 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC) measurements were performed in all patients with NP-C gene mutations, where possible. In total across Periods 1 and 2, 10/236 (4%) patients had a confirmed diagnosis o NP-C based on gene sequencing (5/118 [4.2%] in each Period): all of these patients had two causal NPC1 mutations. Single mutant NPC1 alleles were detected in 8/236 (3%) patients, overall. Positive filipin staining results comprised three classical and five variant biochemical phenotypes. No NPC2 mutations were detected. All patients with NPC1 mutations had high ChT activity, high CCL18/PARC concentrations and/or NP-C SI scores ≥70. Plasma 7

Mandibular second molar exhibiting a unique "Y-" and "J-" "shaped" root canal anatomy diagnosed using cone-beam computed tomographic scanning: A case report.

PubMed

Parashar, Saumya-Rajesh; Kowsky, R Dinesh; Natanasabapathy, Velmurugan

2017-01-01

This article aims to report a unique case with aberrant root canal anatomy exhibiting "Y-" and "J"-shaped canal pattern in a mandibular second molar. Anatomic complexities may pose challenges for endodontic treatment. Before performing endodontic treatment, the clinician should be aware of the internal anatomy of the tooth being treated and should recognize anatomic aberrations if present. Presence of unusual anatomy may call for modifications in treatment planning. This report describes in detail about a mandibular second molar tooth associated with two paramolar tubercles having a peculiar "Y-" and "J-"shaped canal anatomy detected with the aid of cone beam computed tomography, which has never been reported in the dental literature. The proposed treatment protocol for the endodontic management of the same has also been discussed.

Commission 20: Position and Motion of Minor Planets, Comets and Satellites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Valsecchi, Giovanni B.; Fernandez, Julio; Bowell, Edward L. G.; Arlot, Jean-Eudes; Bowell, Edward L. G.; Chernetenko, Yulia A.; Chesley, Steven R.; Lazzaro, Daniela; Lemaitre, Anne; Marsden, Brian G.; Muinonen, Karri; Rickman, Hans; Tholen, David J.; Yoshikawa, Makoto

2007-12-01

A total of 16 among the new IAU members have asked to join Commission 20; they are: Jerome Berthier, Nicholas J. Cooper, Marco Delbò, Romina P. Di Sisto, Michael W. Evans, Tetsuharu Fuse, Ludmila Hudkova, Yurij N. Krugly, Elena N. Polyakhova, Zhanna Pozhalova, Alessandro Rossi, Qi Rui, Jonathan D. Shanklin, Slawomira E. Szutowicz, Gino Tuccari and Hong-Suh Yim. Moreover, two requests to join the Commission have been received by astronomers that are already IAU members: Peter De Cat and Ricardo A. Gil-Hutton.

SU-E-J-49: Distal Edge Activity Fall Off Of Proton Therapy Beams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Elmekawy, A; Ewell, L; Butuceanu, C

2014-06-01

Purpose: To characterize and quantify the distal edge activity fall off, created in a phantom by a proton therapy beam Method and Materials: A 30x30x10cm polymethylmethacrylate phantom was irradiated with a proton therapy beam using different ranges and beams. The irradiation volume is approximated by a right circular cylinder of diameter 7.6cm and varying lengths. After irradiation, the phantom was scanned via a Philips Gemini Big Bore™ PET-CT for isotope activation. Varian Eclipse™ treatment planning system as well as ImageJ™ were used to analyze the resulting PET and CT scans. The region of activity within the phantom was longitudinally measuredmore » as a function of PET slice number. Dose estimations were made via Monte Carlo (GATE) simulation. Results: For both the spread out Bragg peak (SOBP) and the mono-energetic pristine Bragg peak proton beams, the proximal activation rise was steep: average slope −0.735 (average intensity/slice number) ± 0.091 (standard deviation) for the pristine beams and −1.149 ± 0.117 for the SOBP beams. In contrast, the distal fall offs were dissimilar. The distal fall off in activity for the pristine beams was fit well by a linear curve: R{sup 2} (Pierson Product) was 0.9968, 0.9955 and 0.9909 for the 13.5, 17.0 and 21.0cm range beams respectively. The good fit allows for a slope comparison between the different ranges. The slope varied as a function of range from 1.021 for the 13.5cm beam to 0.8407 (average intensity/slice number) for the 21.0cm beam. This dependence can be characterized: −0.0234(average intensity/slice number/cm range). For the SOBP beams, the slopes were significantly less and were also less linear: average slope 0.2628 ± 0.0474, average R{sup 2}=0.9236. Conclusion: The distal activation fall off edge for pristine proton beams was linear and steep. The corresponding quantities for SOBP beams were shallower and less linear. Philips has provided support for this work.« less

WE-AB-201-00: Treatment Planning System Commissioning and QA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

discussed. The recommendations of MPPG #5 and practical implementation strategies (Jennifer Smilowitz) The recently published recommendations from Task Group No. 244, Medical Physics Practice Guideline on Commissioning and QA of Treatment Planning Dose Calculations: Megavoltage Photon and Electron Beams will be presented. The recommendations focus on the validation of commissioning data and dose calculations. Tolerance values for non-IMRT beam configurations are summarized based on established criteria and data collected by the IROC. More stringent evaluation criteria for IMRT dose calculations are suggested to test the limitations of the TPS dose algorithms for advanced delivery conditions. The MPPG encourages users to create a suite of validation tests for dose calculation for various conditions for static photon beams, heterogeneities, IMRT/VMAT and electron beams. This test suite is intended to be used for subsequent testing, including TPS software upgrades. In the past, the recommendations of some reports have not been widely implemented due to practical limitations. Implementation strategies, tools and processes developed by multiple centers for efficient and “do-able” MPPG # 5 testing will be presented, as well as a discussion on the overall validation experience. Learning Objectives: Identify some of the key documents relevant for TPS commissioning and QA Understand strategies for testing TPS software Gain a practical knowledge of the Gamma test criteria Increase familiarity with the process of commissioning a TPS Learn about the use of Control Charts for TPS QA Review the role of the TPS in the overall planning process Increase awareness of the link between TPS QA and chart checking Gain an increased appreciation for the importance of interdisciplinary communication Understand the new recommendations from MPPG #5 on TPS Dose Algorithm Commissioning and QC/QA Learn practical implementation processes and tools for MPPG #5 validation recommendations.« less

SU-F-T-225: Is It Time to Have Pre-Configured Therapeutic Beams Available in Commercial Treatment Planning Systems?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ding, G

Purpose: Commissioning radiation beams requires considerable effort to obtain the beam data for beam configuration in a commercial treatment planning system. With the advances in technology, the manufacturer of accelerators now has the ability to adjust radiation beam parameters to meet pre-determined specifications with high precision. This study aims to illustrate the feasibility of making pre-configured radiation beams available in commercial treatment planning systems. Methods: In recent years, Varian has made a set of measured beam data from the TrueBeam accelerator available to users. Although the beam data are provided as “suggestive data” without warranty, the commissioned data measured bymore » users have been shown to be in excellent agreement with the data set provided when the beams from the installed Linacs were adjusted to meet the beam specifications. An unofficial survey among Varian Linac TrueBeam users shows that the suggestive data set has been used with validation by users in some clinics. This indicates that radiation beams from a specified Linac can be standardized and pre-configured in a treatment planning system. Results: Two newly installed Varian TrueBeam accelerators at two different centers were examined in which one set of commissioned beam data was obtained from measurements performed by an independent physics consulting company and the other was measured by local physicists in the department. All beams from both accelerators were tuned to meet the manufacturer’s specifications. Discrepancies of less than 1% were found between the commissioned beam data from both accelerators and the suggestive data set provided by Varian. Conclusion: It may be feasible that radiation beams can be pre-configured in commercial treatment planning systems. The radiation beam users will perform the beam validation and end-to-end tests instead of configuring beams. This framework can increase both the efficiency and the accuracy in commercial

IOTA (Integrable Optics Test Accelerator): Facility and experimental beam physics program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Antipov, Sergei; Broemmelsiek, Daniel; Bruhwiler, David

The Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) is a storage ring for advanced beam physics research currently being built and commissioned at Fermilab. It will operate with protons and electrons using injectors with momenta of 70 and 150 MeV/c, respectively. The research program includes the study of nonlinear focusing integrable optical beam lattices based on special magnets and electron lenses, beam dynamics of space-charge effects and their compensation, optical stochastic cooling, and several other experiments. In this article, we present the design and main parameters of the facility, outline progress to date and provide the timeline of the construction, commissioning andmore » research. Finally, the physical principles, design, and hardware implementation plans for the major IOTA experiments are also discussed.« less

IOTA (Integrable Optics Test Accelerator): Facility and experimental beam physics program

DOE PAGES

Antipov, Sergei; Broemmelsiek, Daniel; Bruhwiler, David; ...

2017-03-06

The Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) is a storage ring for advanced beam physics research currently being built and commissioned at Fermilab. It will operate with protons and electrons using injectors with momenta of 70 and 150 MeV/c, respectively. The research program includes the study of nonlinear focusing integrable optical beam lattices based on special magnets and electron lenses, beam dynamics of space-charge effects and their compensation, optical stochastic cooling, and several other experiments. In this article, we present the design and main parameters of the facility, outline progress to date and provide the timeline of the construction, commissioning andmore » research. Finally, the physical principles, design, and hardware implementation plans for the major IOTA experiments are also discussed.« less

IOTA (Integrable Optics Test Accelerator): facility and experimental beam physics program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Antipov, S.; Broemmelsiek, D.; Bruhwiler, D.; Edstrom, D.; Harms, E.; Lebedev, V.; Leibfritz, J.; Nagaitsev, S.; Park, C. S.; Piekarz, H.; Piot, P.; Prebys, E.; Romanov, A.; Ruan, J.; Sen, T.; Stancari, G.; Thangaraj, C.; Thurman-Keup, R.; Valishev, A.; Shiltsev, V.

2017-03-01

The Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) is a storage ring for advanced beam physics research currently being built and commissioned at Fermilab. It will operate with protons and electrons using injectors with momenta of 70 and 150 MeV/c, respectively. The research program includes the study of nonlinear focusing integrable optical beam lattices based on special magnets and electron lenses, beam dynamics of space-charge effects and their compensation, optical stochastic cooling, and several other experiments. In this article, we present the design and main parameters of the facility, outline progress to date and provide the timeline of the construction, commissioning and research. The physical principles, design, and hardware implementation plans for the major IOTA experiments are also discussed.

Commissioning and Early Operation Experience of the NSLS-II Storage Ring RF System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gao, F.; Rose, J.; Cupolo, J.

2015-05-03

The National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) is a 3 GeV electron X-ray user facility commissioned in 2014. The storage ring RF system, essential for replenishing energy loss per turn of the electrons, consists of digital low level RF controllers, 310 kW CW klystron transmitters, CESR-B type superconducting cavities, as well as a supporting cryogenic system. Here we will report on RF commissioning and early operation experience of the system for beam current up to 200mA.

76 FR 55904 - Michael J. Donahue; Notice of Termination of Exemption By Implied Surrender and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-09

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 6649-008] Michael J.... Date Initiated: September 1, 2011. d. Exemptee: Michael J. Donahue. e. Name and Location of Project.... Initiated Pursuant to: 18 CFR 4.106. g. Exemptee Contact Information: Mr. Michael J. Donahue, Route 3, Box...

76 FR 58264 - Michael J. Donahue; Notice of Termination of Exemption by Implied Surrender and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-20

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 6649-008] Michael J.... Date Initiated: September 13, 2011. d. Exemptee: Michael J. Donahue. e. Name and Location of Project.... Initiated Pursuant to: 18 CFR 4.106. g. Exemptee Contact Information: Mr. Michael J. Donahue, Route 3, Box...

Readiness of the ATLAS detector: Performance with the first beam and cosmic data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pastore, F.

2010-05-01

During 2008 the ATLAS experiment went through an intense period of preparation to have the detector fully commissioned for the first beam period. In about 30 h of beam time available to ATLAS in 2008 the systems went through a rapid setup sequence, from successfully recording the first bunch ever reaching ATLAS, to setting up the timing of the trigger system synchronous to the incoming single beams. The so-called splash events were recorded, where the beam was stopped on a collimator 140 m upstream of ATLAS, showering the experiment with millions of particles per beam shot. These events were found to be extremely useful for timing setup. After the stop of the beam operation, the experiment went through an extensive cosmic ray data taking campaign, recording more than 500 million cosmic ray events. These events have been used to make significant progress on the calibration and alignment of the detector. This paper describes the commissioning programme and the results obtained from both the single beam data and the cosmic data recorded in 2008.

SU-E-T-625: Use and Choice of Ionization Chambers for the Commissioning of Flattened and Flattening-Filter-Free Photon Beams: Determination of Recombination Correction Factor (ks)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stucchi, C; Mongioj, V; Carrara, M

2014-06-15

Purpose: To evaluate the recombination effect for some ionization chambers to be used for linacs commissioning for Flattened Filter (FF) and Flattening Filter Free (FFF) photon beams. Methods: A Varian TrueBeam linac with five photon beams was used: 6, 10 and 15 MV FF and 6 and 10 MV FFF. Measurements were performed in a water tank and in a plastic water phantom with different chambers: a mini-ion chamber (IC CC01, IBA), a plane-parallel ion chamber (IC PPC05, IBA) and two Farmer chambers (NE2581 and FPC05-IBA). Measurement conditions were Source- Surface Distance of 100 cm, two field sizes (10x10 andmore » 40x40 cm2) and five depths (1cm, maximum buildup, 5cm, 10cm and 20cm). The ion recombination factors (kS), obtained from the Jaffe's plots (voltage interval 50-400 V), were evaluated at the recommended operating voltage of +300V. Results: Dose Per Pulse (DPP) at dmax was 0.4 mGy/pulse for FF beams, 1.0 mGy/pulse and 1.9 mGy/pulse for 6MV and 10 MV FFF beams respectively. For all measurement conditions, kS ranged between 0.996 and 0.999 for IC PPC05, 0.997 and 1.008 for IC CC01. For the FPC05 IBA Farmer IC, kS varied from 1.001 to 1.011 for FF beams, from 1.004 to 1.015 for 6 MV FFF and from 1.009 to 1.025 for 10 MV FFF. Whereas, for NE2581 IC the values ranged from 1.002 to 1.009 for all energy beams and measurement conditions. Conclusion: kS depends on the chamber volume and the DPP, which in turn depends on energy beam but is independent of dose rate. Ion chambers with small active volume can be reliably used for dosimetry of FF and FFF beams even without kS correction. On the contrary, for absolute dosimetry of FFF beams by Farmer ICs it is necessary to evaluate and apply the kS correction. Partially supported by Lega Italiana Lotta contro i Tumori (LILT)« less

17 CFR 270.17j-1 - Personal investment activities of investment company personnel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Personal investment activities of investment company personnel. 270.17j-1 Section 270.17j-1 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (CONTINUED) RULES AND REGULATIONS, INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 § 270...

17 CFR 270.17j-1 - Personal investment activities of investment company personnel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Personal investment activities of investment company personnel. 270.17j-1 Section 270.17j-1 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (CONTINUED) RULES AND REGULATIONS, INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 § 270...

High beam quality and high energy short-pulse laser with MOPA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jin, Quanwei; Pang, Yu; Jiang, JianFeng; Tan, Liang; Cui, Lingling; Wei, Bin; Sun, Yinhong; Tang, Chun

2018-03-01

A high energy, high beam quality short-pulse diode-pumped Nd:YAG master oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) laser with two amplifier stages is demonstrated. The two-rod birefringence compensation was used as beam quality controlling methods, which presents a short-pulse energy of 40 mJ with a beam quality value of M2 = 1.2 at a repetition rate of 400Hz. The MOPA system delivers a short-pulse energy of 712.5 mJ with a pulse width of 12.4 ns.The method of spherical aberration compensation is improved the beam quality, a M2 factor of 2.3 and an optical-to-optical efficiency of 27.7% is obtained at the maximum laser out power.The laser obtained 1.4J out energy with polarization integration.

Ion energy distribution near a plasma meniscus with beam extraction for multi element focused ion beams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mathew, Jose V.; Paul, Samit; Bhattacharjee, Sudeep

2010-05-15

An earlier study of the axial ion energy distribution in the extraction region (plasma meniscus) of a compact microwave plasma ion source showed that the axial ion energy spread near the meniscus is small ({approx}5 eV) and comparable to that of a liquid metal ion source, making it a promising candidate for focused ion beam (FIB) applications [J. V. Mathew and S. Bhattacharjee, J. Appl. Phys. 105, 96101 (2009)]. In the present work we have investigated the radial ion energy distribution (IED) under the influence of beam extraction. Initially a single Einzel lens system has been used for beam extractionmore » with potentials up to -6 kV for obtaining parallel beams. In situ measurements of IED with extraction voltages upto -5 kV indicates that beam extraction has a weak influence on the energy spread ({+-}0.5 eV) which is of significance from the point of view of FIB applications. It is found that by reducing the geometrical acceptance angle at the ion energy analyzer probe, close to unidirectional distribution can be obtained with a spread that is smaller by at least 1 eV.« less

77 FR 63308 - J. William Foley Incorporated v. United Illuminating Company; Notice of Complaint

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. EL12-106-000] J. William Foley Incorporated v. United Illuminating Company; Notice of Complaint Take notice that on October 5...) and 825(e), J. William Foley Incorporated (Complainant) filed a formal complaint against United...

Commissioning of intensity modulated neutron radiotherapy (IMNRT).

PubMed

Burmeister, Jay; Spink, Robyn; Liang, Liang; Bossenberger, Todd; Halford, Robert; Brandon, John; Delauter, Jonathan; Snyder, Michael

2013-02-01

Intensity modulated neutron radiotherapy (IMNRT) has been developed using inhouse treatment planning and delivery systems at the Karmanos Cancer Center∕Wayne State University Fast Neutron Therapy facility. The process of commissioning IMNRT for clinical use is presented here. Results of commissioning tests are provided including validation measurements using representative patient plans as well as those from the TG-119 test suite. IMNRT plans were created using the Varian Eclipse optimization algorithm and an inhouse planning system for calculation of neutron dose distributions. Tissue equivalent ionization chambers and an ionization chamber array were used for point dose and planar dose distribution comparisons with calculated values. Validation plans were delivered to water and virtual water phantoms using TG-119 measurement points and evaluation techniques. Photon and neutron doses were evaluated both inside and outside the target volume for a typical IMNRT plan to determine effects of intensity modulation on the photon dose component. Monitor unit linearity and effects of beam current and gantry angle on output were investigated, and an independent validation of neutron dosimetry was obtained. While IMNRT plan quality is superior to conventional fast neutron therapy plans for clinical sites such as prostate and head and neck, it is inferior to photon IMRT for most TG-119 planning goals, particularly for complex cases. This results significantly from current limitations on the number of segments. Measured and calculated doses for 11 representative plans (six prostate∕five head and neck) agreed to within -0.8 ± 1.4% and 5.0 ± 6.0% within and outside the target, respectively. Nearly all (22∕24) ion chamber point measurements in the two phantom arrangements were within the respective confidence intervals for the quantity [(measured-planned)∕prescription dose] derived in TG-119. Mean differences for all measurements were 0.5% (max = 7.0%) and 1.4% (max = 4

78 FR 16262 - J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corporation; Supplemental Notice That Initial Market-Based Rate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-14

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. ER13-830-000] J.P. Morgan... Blanket Section 204 Authorization This is a supplemental notice in the above-referenced proceeding, of J.P...-8659. Dated: March 7, 2013. Nathaniel J. Davis, Sr., Deputy Secretary. [FR Doc. 2013-05859 Filed 3-13...

Determination of boundaries between ranges of high and low gradient of beam profile.

PubMed

Wendykier, Jacek; Bieniasiewicz, Marcin; Grządziel, Aleksandra; Jedynak, Tadeusz; Kośniewski, Wiktor; Reudelsdorf, Marta; Wendykier, Piotr

2016-01-01

This work addresses the problem of treatment planning system commissioning by introducing a new method of determination of boundaries between high and low gradient in beam profile. The commissioning of a treatment planning system is a very important task in the radiation therapy. One of the main goals of this task is to compare two field profiles: measured and calculated. Applying points of 80% and 120% of nominal field size can lead to the incorrect determination of boundaries, especially for small field sizes. The method that is based on the beam profile gradient allows for proper assignment of boundaries between high and low gradient regions even for small fields. TRS 430 recommendations for commissioning were used. The described method allows a separation between high and low gradient, because it directly uses the value of the gradient of a profile. For small fields, the boundaries determined by the new method allow a commissioning of a treatment planning system according to the TRS 430, while the point of 80% of nominal field size is already in the high gradient region. The method of determining the boundaries by using the beam profile gradient can be extremely helpful during the commissioning of the treatment planning system for Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy or for other techniques which require very small field sizes.

Accurate Monte Carlo simulations for nozzle design, commissioning and quality assurance for a proton radiation therapy facility.

PubMed

Paganetti, H; Jiang, H; Lee, S Y; Kooy, H M

2004-07-01

Monte Carlo dosimetry calculations are essential methods in radiation therapy. To take full advantage of this tool, the beam delivery system has to be simulated in detail and the initial beam parameters have to be known accurately. The modeling of the beam delivery system itself opens various areas where Monte Carlo calculations prove extremely helpful, such as for design and commissioning of a therapy facility as well as for quality assurance verification. The gantry treatment nozzles at the Northeast Proton Therapy Center (NPTC) at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) were modeled in detail using the GEANT4.5.2 Monte Carlo code. For this purpose, various novel solutions for simulating irregular shaped objects in the beam path, like contoured scatterers, patient apertures or patient compensators, were found. The four-dimensional, in time and space, simulation of moving parts, such as the modulator wheel, was implemented. Further, the appropriate physics models and cross sections for proton therapy applications were defined. We present comparisons between measured data and simulations. These show that by modeling the treatment nozzle with millimeter accuracy, it is possible to reproduce measured dose distributions with an accuracy in range and modulation width, in the case of a spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP), of better than 1 mm. The excellent agreement demonstrates that the simulations can even be used to generate beam data for commissioning treatment planning systems. The Monte Carlo nozzle model was used to study mechanical optimization in terms of scattered radiation and secondary radiation in the design of the nozzles. We present simulations on the neutron background. Further, the Monte Carlo calculations supported commissioning efforts in understanding the sensitivity of beam characteristics and how these influence the dose delivered. We present the sensitivity of dose distributions in water with respect to various beam parameters and geometrical misalignments

Similarity of PSR J1906+0746 TO PSR J0737-3039: A Candidate of a New Double Pulsar System?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Yi-Yan; Zhang, Cheng-Min; Li, Di; Wang, De-Hua; Pan, Yuan-Yue; Lingfu, Rong-Feng; Zhou, Zhu-Wen

2017-02-01

PSR J1906+0746 is a nonrecycled strong magnetic field neutron star (NS), sharing the properties of the secondary-formed NS PSR J0737-3039B in the double pulsar system PSR J0737-3039AB. By comparing the orbital parameters of PSR J1906+0746 with those of PSR J0737-3039AB, we conclude that both systems have a similar origin and evolution history, involving an e-capture process for forming the second-born NS, like in the case of PSR J0737-3039B. We expect the companion of PSR J1906+0746 to be a long-lived recycled pulsar with radio beams that currently cannot be observed from Earth. We suggest possible ways to detect its presence. To compare PSR J1906+0746 with PSR J0737-3039, we also present the mass distribution of eight pairs of double NSs and find that in double NSs the mass of the recycled pulsar is usually larger than that of the nonrecycled one, which may be the result of accretion.

Intense ion beam diagnostics for ICF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yasuike, K.; Cuneo, M. E.; Wenger, D. F.; Bailey, J. E.; Hanson, D. L.; Mehlhorn, T. A.; Imasaki, K.; Nakai, S.; Mima, K.

1998-11-01

Development of diagnostic methods for high intensity ion beams for ICF is crucial for understanding the ion diode physics. At Osaka University, an arrayed pinhole camera (APC) diagnostic method had been developed to measure the proton beams with an energy of 1 MeV and a J_i. of 100 A/cm^2. on Reiden-SHVS. The APC measures spatial distributions of the beam divergence in r and θ drection and the intensity distribution. An ion image detector capable to acquire a whole temporal evolution within a shot is necessary to measure the higher intensity beams. A fast scintillator with photo-multiplier tubes has been chosen as the image detector. The detector is being tested on a single pinhole camera using a Lithium beam with a particle energy of 5 MeV, a J_i. of 0.5-1 kA/cm^2. and duration of 50 ns, which are very close to the parameters required from ICF, on the SABRE at Sandia National Labs. We will present the diagnostic design and preliminary experiments from SABRE and also present the experimental results from Reiden-SHVS.

Analytical and Experimental Studies of Beam Waveguide Absorbers for Structural Damping.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-03-01

38 B. IMPEI)ANCES OF TlE WAVEUIDE ABSORBER ............... 45 - C. I)A IPING OF TIE PLATE .................................. 53 V. CO N C LU SIO N S...8217 viscoelastic beam waveguide absorber ip - dances at the center of the beam .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 92 Fizure -51. Thle driving...j.J~ ~~ ~ Voz ~ S S*** / -.r T- 6 .. ... . ... .. .. bib

Polarisation Measurement with a Dual Beam Interferometer (CATSI). Exploratory Results and Preliminary Phenomenological Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

Polarisation measurement with a dual beam interferometer (CATSI) Exploratory results and preliminary phenomenological analysis H. Lavoie J.-M... Polarisation measurement with a dual beam interferometer (CATSI) Exploratory results and preliminary phenomenological analysis H. Lavoie J.-M. Thériault... Polarisation measurement with a dual beam interferometer (CATSI) - Exploratory results and preliminary phenomenological analysis. ECR 2004-372. DRDC Valcartier

78 FR 34381 - Information Collection Being Reviewed by the Federal Communications Commission Under Delegated...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-07

... Respondents: 5,000 respondents; 5,000 responses. Estimated Time per Response: 20 minutes or (.3 hours... transmitting to ensure that ERP does not exceed 100 W PEP. Federal Communications Commission. Gloria J. Miles...

jTracker and Monte Carlo Comparison

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Selensky, Lauren; SeaQuest/E906 Collaboration

2015-10-01

SeaQuest is designed to observe the characteristics and behavior of `sea-quarks' in a proton by reconstructing them from the subatomic particles produced in a collision. The 120 GeV beam from the main injector collides with a fixed target and then passes through a series of detectors which records information about the particles produced in the collision. However, this data becomes meaningful only after it has been processed, stored, analyzed, and interpreted. Several programs are involved in this process. jTracker (sqerp) reads wire or hodoscope hits and reconstructs the tracks of potential dimuon pairs from a run, and Geant4 Monte Carlo simulates dimuon production and background noise from the beam. During track reconstruction, an event must meet the criteria set by the tracker to be considered a viable dimuon pair; this ensures that relevant data is retained. As a check, a comparison between a new version of jTracker and Monte Carlo was made in order to see how accurately jTracker could reconstruct the events created by Monte Carlo. In this presentation, the results of the inquest and their potential effects on the programming will be shown. This work is supported by U.S. DOE MENP Grant DE-FG02-03ER41243.

SU-F-T-475: An Evaluation of the Overlap Between the Acceptance Testing and Commissioning Processes for Conventional Medical Linear Accelerators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Morrow, A; Rangaraj, D; Perez-Andujar, A

2016-06-15

Purpose: This work’s objective is to determine the overlap of processes, in terms of sub-processes and time, between acceptance testing and commissioning of a conventional medical linear accelerator and to evaluate the time saved by consolidating the two processes. Method: A process map for acceptance testing for medical linear accelerators was created from vendor documentation (Varian and Elekta). Using AAPM TG-106 and inhouse commissioning procedures, a process map was created for commissioning of said accelerators. The time to complete each sub-process in each process map was evaluated. Redundancies in the processes were found and the time spent on each weremore » calculated. Results: Mechanical testing significantly overlaps between the two processes - redundant work here amounts to 9.5 hours. Many beam non-scanning dosimetry tests overlap resulting in another 6 hours of overlap. Beam scanning overlaps somewhat - acceptance tests include evaluating PDDs and multiple profiles but for only one field size while commissioning beam scanning includes multiple field sizes and depths of profiles. This overlap results in another 6 hours of rework. Absolute dosimetry, field outputs, and end to end tests are not done at all in acceptance testing. Finally, all imaging tests done in acceptance are repeated in commissioning, resulting in about 8 hours of rework. The total time overlap between the two processes is about 30 hours. Conclusion: The process mapping done in this study shows that there are no tests done in acceptance testing that are not also recommended to do for commissioning. This results in about 30 hours of redundant work when preparing a conventional linear accelerator for clinical use. Considering these findings in the context of the 5000 linacs in the United states, consolidating acceptance testing and commissioning would have allowed for the treatment of an additional 25000 patients using no additional resources.« less

78 FR 73562 - Certain Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters and Products Containing Same Final Commission...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-06

... of cease and desist orders. See Certain Digital Photo Frames and Image Display Devices and Components... articles in question during the period of Presidential review (19 U.S.C. 1337(j)). The Commission's orders...

Construction and commissioning of the compact energy-recovery linac at KEK

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akemoto, Mitsuo; Arakawa, Dai; Asaoka, Seiji; Cenni, Enrico; Egi, Masato; Enami, Kazuhiro; Endo, Kuninori; Fukuda, Shigeki; Furuya, Takaaki; Haga, Kaiichi; Hajima, Ryoichi; Hara, Kazufumi; Harada, Kentaro; Honda, Tohru; Honda, Yosuke; Honma, Teruya; Hosoyama, Kenji; Kako, Eiji; Katagiri, Hiroaki; Kawata, Hiroshi; Kobayashi, Yukinori; Kojima, Yuuji; Kondou, Yoshinari; Tanaka, Olga; Kume, Tatsuya; Kuriki, Masao; Matsumura, Hiroshi; Matsushita, Hideki; Michizono, Shinichiro; Miura, Takako; Miyajima, Tsukasa; Nagahashi, Shinya; Nagai, Ryoji; Nakai, Hirotaka; Nakajima, Hiromitsu; Nakamura, Norio; Nakanishi, Kota; Nigorikawa, Kazuyuki; Nishimori, Nobuyuki; Nogami, Takashi; Noguchi, Shuichi; Obina, Takashi; Qiu, Feng; Sagehashi, Hidenori; Sakai, Hiroshi; Sakanaka, Shogo; Sasaki, Shinichi; Satoh, Kotaro; Sawamura, Masaru; Shimada, Miho; Shinoe, Kenji; Shishido, Toshio; Tadano, Mikito; Takahashi, Takeshi; Takai, Ryota; Takenaka, Tateru; Tanimoto, Yasunori; Uchiyama, Takashi; Ueda, Akira; Umemori, Kensei; Watanabe, Ken; Yamamoto, Masahiro

2018-01-01

Energy-recovery linacs (ERLs) are promising for advanced synchrotron light sources, high-power free electron lasers (FELs), high-brightness gamma-ray sources, and electron-ion colliders. To demonstrate the critical technology of ERL-based light sources, we have designed and constructed a test accelerator, the compact ERL (cERL). Using advanced technology that includes a photocathode direct current (DC) electron gun and two types of 1.3-GHz-frequency superconducting cavities, the cERL was designed to be capable of recirculating low emittance (≤1 mm ṡ mrad) and high average-current (≥10 mA) electron beams while recovering the beam energy. During initial commissioning, the cERL demonstrated successful recirculation of high-quality beams with normalized transverse emittance of ∼0.14 mm ṡ mrad and momentum spread of ∼1.2 × 10-4 (rms) at a beam energy of 20 MeV and bunch charge below 100 fC. Energy recovery in the superconducting main linac was also demonstrated for high-average-current continuous-wave beams. These results constitute an important milestone toward realizing ERL-based light sources.

Electron beam welding passes initial test

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

de Sirvy, B.

1979-11-01

Once the new electron-beam welding process is coupled with vertical or J-curve pipelaying techniques, Total-Compagnie Francaise des Petroles (Gestion and Recherches) will be able to offer a system capable of laying up to 36-in. pipe in deep water (1000-9900 ft) at a pace competitive with the best performance of a shallow-water barge: 8200 ft in 24 hr. Electron-beam welding provides the fast, single-station joining needed to make J-curve laying economical. Tests recently demonstrated that this welding technique can join 1.25-in.-wall, 24-in. pipe in less than 3 min; conventional processes require 1-1 1/2 hr.

Sci—Fri PM: Dosimetry—06: Commissioning of a 3D patient specific QA system for hypofractionated prostate treatments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rivest, R; Venkataraman, S; McCurdy, B

The objective of this work is to commission the 6MV-SRS beam model in COMPASS (v2.1, IBA-Dosimetry) and validate its use for patient specific QA of hypofractionated prostate treatments. The COMPASS system consists of a 2D ion chamber array (MatriXX{sup Evolution}), an independent gantry angle sensor and associated software. The system can either directly calculate or reconstruct (using measured detector responses) a 3D dose distribution on the patient CT dataset for plan verification. Beam models are developed and commissioned in the same manner as a beam model is commissioned in a standard treatment planning system. Model validation was initially performed bymore » comparing both COMPASS calculations and reconstructions to measured open field beam data. Next, 10 hypofractionated prostate RapidArc plans were delivered to both the COMPASS system and a phantom with ion chamber and film inserted. COMPASS dose distributions calculated and reconstructed on the phantom CT dataset were compared to the chamber and film measurements. The mean (± standard deviation) difference between COMPASS reconstructed dose and ion chamber measurement was 1.4 ± 1.0%. The maximum discrepancy was 2.6%. Corresponding values for COMPASS calculation were 0.9 ± 0.9% and 2.6%, respectively. The average gamma agreement index (3%/3mm) for COMPAS reconstruction and film was 96.7% and 95.3% when using 70% and 20% dose thresholds, respectively. The corresponding values for COMPASS calculation were 97.1% and 97.1%, respectively. Based on our results, COMPASS can be used for the patient specific QA of hypofractionated prostate treatments delivered with the 6MV-SRS beam.« less

Mid-infrared ZGP OPO with divergence compensation and high beam quality.

PubMed

Schellhorn, Martin; Spindler, Gerhard; Eichhorn, Marc

2018-01-22

Divergence compensation, optimization of the optical-to-optical efficiency, and high beam quality of signal and idler beams of a high-energy mid-infrared ZnGeP 2 (ZGP) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) have been demonstrated by use of a Galilean telescope inside the nonplanar fractional-image-rotation enhancement (FIRE) ring resonator. With a small variation of the distance between the lenses of the telescope, the divergences of signal and idler beams could be adjusted. Up to 36 mJ of mid-infrared pulse energy in the 3-5 µm wavelength range is obtained with 92 mJ of pump energy on crystal. The beam quality factors M 2 are < 1.5 for the resonant signal beam and the non-resonant idler beam, respectively. Actually, this is an improvement of the beam quality by a factor 3 for the signal and ~2.7 for the idler beam compared without using a telescope inside the FIRE ring resonator.

FMEA of manual and automated methods for commissioning a radiotherapy treatment planning system.

PubMed

Wexler, Amy; Gu, Bruce; Goddu, Sreekrishna; Mutic, Maya; Yaddanapudi, Sridhar; Olsen, Lindsey; Harry, Taylor; Noel, Camille; Pawlicki, Todd; Mutic, Sasa; Cai, Bin

2017-09-01

To evaluate the level of risk involved in treatment planning system (TPS) commissioning using a manual test procedure, and to compare the associated process-based risk to that of an automated commissioning process (ACP) by performing an in-depth failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA). The authors collaborated to determine the potential failure modes of the TPS commissioning process using (a) approaches involving manual data measurement, modeling, and validation tests and (b) an automated process utilizing application programming interface (API) scripting, preloaded, and premodeled standard radiation beam data, digital heterogeneous phantom, and an automated commissioning test suite (ACTS). The severity (S), occurrence (O), and detectability (D) were scored for each failure mode and the risk priority numbers (RPN) were derived based on TG-100 scale. Failure modes were then analyzed and ranked based on RPN. The total number of failure modes, RPN scores and the top 10 failure modes with highest risk were described and cross-compared between the two approaches. RPN reduction analysis is also presented and used as another quantifiable metric to evaluate the proposed approach. The FMEA of a MTP resulted in 47 failure modes with an RPN ave of 161 and S ave of 6.7. The highest risk process of "Measurement Equipment Selection" resulted in an RPN max of 640. The FMEA of an ACP resulted in 36 failure modes with an RPN ave of 73 and S ave of 6.7. The highest risk process of "EPID Calibration" resulted in an RPN max of 576. An FMEA of treatment planning commissioning tests using automation and standardization via API scripting, preloaded, and pre-modeled standard beam data, and digital phantoms suggests that errors and risks may be reduced through the use of an ACP. © 2017 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

Operation and commissioning of IFMIF (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility) LIPAc injector.

PubMed

Okumura, Y; Gobin, R; Knaster, J; Heidinger, R; Ayala, J-M; Bolzon, B; Cara, P; Chauvin, N; Chel, S; Gex, D; Harrault, F; Ichimiya, R; Ihara, A; Ikeda, Y; Kasugai, A; Kikuchi, T; Kitano, T; Komata, M; Kondo, K; Maebara, S; Marqueta, A; O'Hira, S; Perez, M; Phillips, G; Pruneri, G; Sakamoto, K; Scantamburlo, F; Senée, F; Shinto, K; Sugimoto, M; Takahashi, H; Usami, H; Valette, M

2016-02-01

The objective of linear IFMIF prototype accelerator is to demonstrate 125 mA/CW deuterium ion beam acceleration up to 9 MeV. The injector has been developed in CEA Saclay and already demonstrated 140 mA/100 keV deuterium beam [R. Gobin et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85, 02A918 (2014)]. The injector was disassembled and delivered to the International Fusion Energy Research Center in Rokkasho, Japan. After reassembling the injector, commissioning has started in 2014. Up to now, 100 keV/120 mA/CW hydrogen and 100 keV/90 mA/CW deuterium ion beams have been produced stably from a 10 mm diameter extraction aperture with a low beam emittance of 0.21 π mm mrad (rms, normalized). Neutron production by D-D reaction up to 2.4 × 10(9) n/s has been observed in the deuterium operation.

Study the sensitivity of dose calculation in prism treatment planning system using Monte Carlo simulation of 6 MeV electron beam

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hardiansyah, D.; Haryanto, F.; Male, S.

2014-09-30

Prism is a non-commercial Radiotherapy Treatment Planning System (RTPS) develop by Ira J. Kalet from Washington University. Inhomogeneity factor is included in Prism TPS dose calculation. The aim of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of dose calculation on Prism using Monte Carlo simulation. Phase space source from head linear accelerator (LINAC) for Monte Carlo simulation is implemented. To achieve this aim, Prism dose calculation is compared with EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulation. Percentage depth dose (PDD) and R50 from both calculations are observed. BEAMnrc is simulated electron transport in LINAC head and produced phase space file. This file ismore » used as DOSXYZnrc input to simulated electron transport in phantom. This study is started with commissioning process in water phantom. Commissioning process is adjusted Monte Carlo simulation with Prism RTPS. Commissioning result is used for study of inhomogeneity phantom. Physical parameters of inhomogeneity phantom that varied in this study are: density, location and thickness of tissue. Commissioning result is shown that optimum energy of Monte Carlo simulation for 6 MeV electron beam is 6.8 MeV. This commissioning is used R50 and PDD with Practical length (R{sub p}) as references. From inhomogeneity study, the average deviation for all case on interest region is below 5 %. Based on ICRU recommendations, Prism has good ability to calculate the radiation dose in inhomogeneity tissue.« less

Hadro-Production Measurements to Characterize the T2K Neutrino Flux with the NA61 Experiment at the CERN SPS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bravar, Alessandro

2010-03-01

As the intensity of neutrino beams produced at accelerators increases, the systematic errors due to the poor characterization of the neutrino flux become a limiting factor for high precision neutrino oscillation experiments like T2K. This limitation comes mainly from the poor knowledge of production cross sections for pions and kaons at the same energy and over the same phase-space yielding these neutrino beams. Therefore new hadro-production measurements are mandatory. The NA61/SHINE is a large acceptance hadron spectrometer at the CERN-SPS designed for the study of the hadronic final states produced in interactions of various beam particles (protons, π's, and heavy ions) with a variety of fixed targets at the SPS energies. Ongoing measurements with the NA61 detector for characterizing the neutrino beam of the T2K experiment at J-PARC are introduced. These measurements are performed using a 30 GeV proton beam impinging on carbon targets of different lengths, including a replica of the T2K target. The performance of the NA61 detector and preliminary NA61 measurements from the 2007 run are presented.

Isotopic composition of a sample enriched in 93Zr

DOE PAGES

Fujii, Toshiyuki; Hori, Jun-ichi; Du, Miting; ...

2015-10-22

A project to determine the neutron-capture cross section of long lived fission products and minor actinides has been started by using a beam-line at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). We prepared one of the target nuclides is Zr-93, which in Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Qualitative and quantitative analyses on the sample were performed at Kyoto University. The isotopic composition of (m) Zr (m 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, and 96) was precisely determined by multi-collector thermal ionization mass spectrometry with < 0.1 % of 2 sigma uncertainty. We determined that the atomic abundance of Zr-93 in the sample tomore » be 18.86 ± A 0.05 %.« less

An electron beam ion trap and source for re-acceleration of rare-isotope ion beams at TRIUMF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blessenohl, M. A.; Dobrodey, S.; Warnecke, C.; Rosner, M. K.; Graham, L.; Paul, S.; Baumann, T. M.; Hockenbery, Z.; Hubele, R.; Pfeifer, T.; Ames, F.; Dilling, J.; Crespo López-Urrutia, J. R.

2018-05-01

Electron beam driven ionization can produce highly charged ions (HCIs) in a few well-defined charge states. Ideal conditions for this are maximally focused electron beams and an extremely clean vacuum environment. A cryogenic electron beam ion trap fulfills these prerequisites and delivers very pure HCI beams. The Canadian rare isotope facility with electron beam ion source-electron beam ion sources developed at the Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK) reaches already for a 5 keV electron beam and a current of 1 A with a density in excess of 5000 A/cm2 by means of a 6 T axial magnetic field. Within the trap, the beam quickly generates a dense HCI population, tightly confined by a space-charge potential of the order of 1 keV times the ionic charge state. Emitting HCI bunches of ≈107 ions at up to 100 Hz repetition rate, the device will charge-breed rare-isotope beams with the mass-over-charge ratio required for re-acceleration at the Advanced Rare IsotopE Laboratory (ARIEL) facility at TRIUMF. We present here its design and results from commissioning runs at MPIK, including X-ray diagnostics of the electron beam and charge-breeding process, as well as ion injection and HCI-extraction measurements.

Commissioning of inline ECE system within waveguide based ECRH transmission systems on ASDEX upgrade

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bongers, W. A.; Kasparek, W.; Doelman, N.; van den Braber, R.; van den Brand, H.; Meo, F.; de Baar, M. R.; Amerongen, F. J.; Donné, A. J. H.; Elzendoorn, B. S. Q.; Erckmann, V.; Goede, A. P. H.; Giannone, L.; Grünwald, G.; Hollman, F.; Kaas, G.; Krijger, B.; Michel, G.; Lubyako, L.; Monaco, F.; Noke, F.; Petelin, M.; Plaum, B.; Purps, F.; ten Pierik, J. G. W.; Schüller, C.; Slob, J. W.; Stober, J. K.; Schütz, H.; Wagner, D.; Westerhof, E.; Ronden, D. M. S.

2012-09-01

A CW capable inline electron cyclotron emission (ECE) separation system for feedback control, featuring oversized corrugated waveguides, is commissioned on ASDEX upgrade (AUG). The system is based on a combination of a polarization independent, non-resonant, Mach-Zehnder diplexer equipped with dielectric plate beam splitters [2, 3] employed as corrugated oversized waveguide filter, and a resonant Fast Directional Switch, FADIS [4, 5, 6, 7] as ECE/ECCD separation system. This paper presents an overview of the system, the low power characterisation tests and first high power commissioning on AUG.

Recent Results from the T2K Experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abe, K.; Abgrall, N.; Aihara, H.; Akiri, T.; Andreopoulos, C.; Aoki, S.; Ariga, A.; Ariga, T.; Assylbekov, S.; Autiero, D.; Barbi, M.; Barker, G. J.; Barr, G.; Bass, M.; Batkiewicz, M.; Bay, F.; Bentham, S. W.; Berardi, V.; Berger, B. E.; Berkman, S.; Bertram, I.; Bhadra, S.; Blaszczyk, F. D. M.; Blondel, A.; Bojechko, C.; Boyd, S. B.; Brailsford, D.; Bravar, A.; Bronner, C.; Buchanan, N.; Calland, R. G.; Caravaca Rodríguez, J.; Cartwright, S. L.; Castillo, R.; Catanesi, M. G.; Cervera, A.; Cherdack, D.; Christodoulou, G.; Clifton, A.; Coleman, J.; Coleman, S. J.; Collazuol, G.; Connolly, K.; Cremonesi, L.; Curioni, A.; Dabrowska, A.; Danko, I.; Das, R.; Davis, S.; de Perio, P.; De Rosa, G.; Dealtry, T.; Dennis, S. R.; Densham, C.; Di Lodovico, F.; Di Luise, S.; Drapier, O.; Duboyski, T.; Dufour, F.; Dumarchez, J.; Dytman, S.; Dziewiecki, M.; Emery, S.; Ereditato, A.; Escudero, L.; Finch, A. J.; Frank, E.; Friend, M.; Fujii, Y.; Fukuda, Y.; Furmanski, A. P.; Galymov, V.; Gaudin, A.; Giffin, S.; Giganti, C.; Gilje, K.; Golan, T.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Gonin, M.; Grant, N.; Gudin, D.; Hadley, D. R.; Haesler, A.; Haigh, M. D.; Hamilton, P.; Hansen, D.; Hara, T.; Hartz, M.; Hasegawa, T.; Hastings, N. C.; Hayato, Y.; Hearty, C.; Helmer, R. L.; Hierholzer, M.; Hignight, J.; Hillairet, A.; Himmel, A.; Hiraki, T.; Hirota, S.; Holeczek, J.; Horikawa, S.; Huang, K.; Ichikawa, A. K.; Ieki, K.; Ieva, M.; Ikeda, M.; Imber, J.; Insler, J.; Irvine, T. J.; Ishida, T.; Ishii, T.; Ives, S. J.; Iyogi, K.; Izmaylov, A.; Jacob, A.; Jamieson, B.; Johnson, R. A.; Jo, J. H.; Jonsson, P.; Joo, K. K.; Jung, C. K.; Kaboth, A. C.; Kajita, T.; Kakuno, H.; Kameda, J.; Kanazawa, Y.; Karlen, D.; Karpikov, I.; Kearns, E.; Khabibullin, M.; Khotjantsev, A.; Kielczewska, D.; Kikawa, T.; Kilinski, A.; Kim, J.; Kim, S. B.; Kisiel, J.; Kitching, P.; Kobayashi, T.; Kogan, G.; Kolaceke, A.; Konaka, A.; Kormos, L. L.; Korzenev, A.; Koseki, K.; Koshio, Y.; Kreslo, I.; Kropp, W.; Kubo, H.; Kudenko, Y.; Kumaratunga, S.; Kurjata, R.; Kutter, T.; Lagoda, J.; Laihem, K.; Laveder, M.; Lawe, M.; Lazos, M.; Lee, K. P.; Licciardi, C.; Lim, I. T.; Lindner, T.; Lister, C.; Litchfield, R. P.; Longhin, A.; Lopez, G. D.; Ludovici, L.; Macaire, M.; Magaletti, L.; Mahn, K.; Malek, M.; Manly, S.; Marino, A. D.; Marteau, J.; Martin, J. F.; Maruyama, T.; Marzec, J.; Masliah, P.; Mathie, E. L.; Matveev, V.; Mavrokoridis, K.; Mazzucato, E.; McCauley, N.; McFarland, K. S.; McGrew, C.; Metelko, C.; Mijakowski, P.; Miller, C. A.; Minamino, A.; Mineev, O.; Mine, S.; Missert, A.; Miura, M.; Monfregola, L.; Moriyama, S.; Mueller, Th. A.; Murakami, A.; Murdoch, M.; Murphy, S.; Myslik, J.; Nagasaki, T.; Nakadaira, T.; Nakahata, M.; Nakai, T.; Nakamura, K.; Nakayama, S.; Nakaya, T.; Nakayoshi, K.; Nielsen, C.; Nirkko, M.; Nishikawa, K.; Nishimura, Y.; O'Keeffe, H. M.; Ohta, R.; Okumura, K.; Okusawa, T.; Oryszczak, W.; Oser, S. M.; Otani, M.; Owen, R. A.; Oyama, Y.; Pac, M. Y.; Palladino, V.; Paolone, V.; Payne, D.; Pearce, G. F.; Perevozchikov, O.; Perkin, J. D.; Petrov, Y.; Pinzon Guerra, E. S.; Pistillo, C.; Plonski, P.; Poplawska, E.; Popov, B.; Posiadala, M.; Poutissou, J.-M.; Poutissou, R.; Przewlocki, P.; Quilain, B.; Radicioni, E.; Ratoff, P. N.; Ravonel, M.; Rayner, M. A. M.; Redij, A.; Reeves, M.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Retiere, F.; Robert, A.; Rodrigues, P. A.; Rondio, E.; Roth, S.; Rubbia, A.; Ruterbories, D.; Sacco, R.; Sakashita, K.; Sánchez, F.; Scantamburlo, E.; Scholberg, K.; Schwehr, J.; Scott, M.; Seiya, Y.; Sekiguchi, T.; Sekiya, H.; Sgalaberna, D.; Shiozawa, M.; Short, S.; Shustrov, Y.; Sinclair, P.; Smith, B.; Smith, R. J.; Smy, M.; Sobczyk, J. T.; Sobel, H.; Sorel, M.; Southwell, L.; Stamoulis, P.; Steinmann, J.; Still, B.; Suda, Y.; Suzuki, A.; Suzuki, K.; Suzuki, S. Y.; Suzuki, Y.; Szeglowski, T.; Tacik, R.; Tada, M.; Takahashi, S.; Takeda, A.; Takeuchi, Y.; Tanaka, H. A.; Tanaka, M. M.; Taylor, I. J.; Terhorst, D.; Terri, R.; Thompson, L. F.; Thorley, A.; Tobayama, S.; Toki, W.; Tomura, T.; Totsuka, Y.; Touramanis, C.; Tsukamoto, T.; Tzanov, M.; Uchida, Y.; Ueno, K.; Vacheret, A.; Vagins, M.; Vasseur, G.; Wachala, T.; Waldron, A. V.; Walter, C. W.; Wark, D.; Wascko, M. O.; Weber, A.; Wendell, R.; Wilkes, R. J.; Wilking, M. J.; Wilkinson, C.; Williamson, Z.; Wilson, J. R.; Wilson, R. J.; Wongjirad, T.; Yamada, Y.; Yamamoto, K.; Yanagisawa, C.; Yen, S.; Yershov, N.; Yokoyama, M.; Yuan, T.; Zalewska, A.; Zalipska, J.; Zambelli, L.; Zaremba, K.; Ziembicki, M.; Zimmerman, E. D.; Zito, M.; Żmuda, J.

2014-01-01

The Tokai to Kamioka (T2K) experiment studies neutrino oscillations using a beam of muon neutrinos produced by an accelerator. The neutrinos travel from J-PARC on the east coast of Japan and are detected 295 kilometers further away in the Super-Kamiokande detector. A complex of near detectors located 280 meters away from the neutrino production target is used to better characterize the neutrino beam and reduce systematic uncertainties. The experiment aims at measuring electronic neutrino appearance (νμ →νe oscillation) to measure the neutrino mixing angle θ13, and muon neutrino disappearance to measure the neutrino mixing angle θ23 and mass splitting | Δ m322 |. We report here electron neutrino appearance results using three years of data, recorded until the 2012 summer, as well as muon neutrino disappearance results based on the data coming from the first two years of the experiment.

Vibration syndrome in Forestry Commission chain saw operators

PubMed Central

Taylor, W.; Pearson, J.; Kell, R. L.; Keighley, G. D.

1971-01-01

Taylor, W., Pearson, J., Kell, R. L., and Keighley, G. D. (1971). Brit. J. industr. Med., 28, 83-89. Vibration syndrome in Forestry Commission chain saw operators. A preliminary investigation has been made into the prevalence of the vibration syndrome in the employees of the Forestry Commission (Britain). A questionnaire covered 20 randomly selected employees for each of 40 forests chosen at random, giving a total sample of 800 out of 9 600 employees. Of the 756 employees still with the Forestry Commission, 732 responded (97%). The analyses were confined to the 711 male employees, of whom 142 were chain saw operators. In this number, the prevalence of the vibration syndrome was 44% whereas in men who did not handle the chain saw the prevalence was significantly lower at 18% (0·005 level of significance). A regional difference was found. South England showed the highest rate at 69% compared with North England at 31% and Scotland at 33%. An increase in prevalence with years of chain saw usage was found, starting at around two years with a marked increase (73%) at over eight years. In part, this effect explains the regional differences. Men with the syndrome were significantly more affected by chilling at work, during rest periods, and while sheltering from bad weather, with blanching of the fingers (89%) most affected by the weather, followed by sensory loss (84%). During the survey vibration levels were measured on 18 chain saws. The major vibration component from each saw fell within the 125 Hz octave band and the vibration levels considerably exceeded the criterion of Axelsson (1968). In 16 of the saws the amplitudes were greater on the lower (trigger) handle. PMID:5543631

10. Historic American Buildings Survey, George J. Vaillancourt, Photographer, 1940 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. Historic American Buildings Survey, George J. Vaillancourt, Photographer, 1940 VIEW OF 'GREAT SUMMER BEAM' (FIRST STORY). - Thomas Fenner House, 1538 Plainfield Street, Thornton, Providence County, RI

The ATLAS Diamond Beam Monitor: Luminosity detector at the LHC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schaefer, D. M.; ATLAS Collaboration

2016-07-01

After the first three years of the LHC running, the ATLAS experiment extracted its pixel detector system to refurbish and re-position the optical readout drivers and install a new barrel layer of pixels. The experiment has also taken advantage of this access to install a set of beam monitoring telescopes with pixel sensors, four each in the forward and backward regions. These telescopes are based on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond sensors to survive in this high radiation environment without needing extensive cooling. This paper describes the lessons learned in construction and commissioning of the ATLAS Diamond Beam Monitor (DBM). We show results from the construction quality assurance tests and commissioning performance, including results from cosmic ray running in early 2015.

Drive beam stabilisation in the CLIC Test Facility 3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Malina, L.; Corsini, R.; Persson, T.; Skowroński, P. K.; Adli, E.

2018-06-01

The proposed Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) uses a high intensity, low energy drive beam to produce the RF power needed to accelerate a lower intensity main beam with 100 MV/m gradient. This scheme puts stringent requirements on drive beam stability in terms of phase, energy and current. The consequent experimental work was carried out in CLIC Test Facility CTF3. In this paper, we present a novel analysis technique in accelerator physics to find beam drifts and their sources in the vast amount of the continuously gathered signals. The instability sources are identified and adequately mitigated either by hardware improvements or by implementation and commissioning of various feedbacks, mostly beam-based. The resulting drive beam stability is of 0.2°@ 3 GHz in phase, 0.08% in relative beam energy and about 0.2% beam current. Finally, we propose a stabilisation concept for CLIC to guarantee the main beam stability.

Dynamic neutral beam current and voltage control to improve beam efficacy in tokamaks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pace, D. C.; Austin, M. E.; Bardoczi, L.; Collins, C. S.; Crowley, B.; Davis, E.; Du, X.; Ferron, J.; Grierson, B. A.; Heidbrink, W. W.; Holcomb, C. T.; McKee, G. R.; Pawley, C.; Petty, C. C.; Podestà, M.; Rauch, J.; Scoville, J. T.; Spong, D. A.; Thome, K. E.; Van Zeeland, M. A.; Varela, J.; Victor, B.

2018-05-01

An engineering upgrade to the neutral beam system at the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon, Nucl. Fusion 42, 614 (2002)] enables time-dependent programming of the beam voltage and current. Initial application of this capability involves pre-programmed beam voltage and current injected into plasmas that are known to be susceptible to instabilities that are driven by energetic ( E ≥ 40 keV) beam ions. These instabilities, here all Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs), increase the transport of the beam ions beyond a classical expectation based on particle drifts and collisions. Injecting neutral beam power, P beam ≥ 2 MW, at reduced voltage with increased current reduces the drive for Alfvénic instabilities and results in improved ion confinement. In lower-confinement plasmas, this technique is applied to eliminate the presence of AEs across the mid-radius of the plasmas. Simulations of those plasmas indicate that the mode drive is decreased and the radial extent of the remaining modes is reduced compared to a higher beam voltage case. In higher-confinement plasmas, this technique reduces AE activity in the far edge and results in an interesting scenario of beam current drive improving as the beam voltage reduces from 80 kV to 65 kV.

Analysis of a Current-Mode Detector for the NOPTREX Experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Olivera Velarde, Daniela; Noptrex Collaboration

2017-09-01

Charge, Parity and Time reversal (CPT) symmetries are an important aspect of the Standard Model. One of the outstanding problems in cosmology is the observed matter/antimatter asymmetry seen in the universe, which requires the violation of time reversal symmetry (T). The primary goal of the Neutron Optics Time Reversal Experiment (NOPTREX) is to search for T-violation in polarized neutron transmission through a polarized nuclear target. Preliminary measurements were taken on indium and tantalum resonances at the NOBORU test beam at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) to test the functionality of a prototype detector for the full experiment. We will discuss the analysis of this data as well as the construction of a secondary experiment to measure the angular correlation κ (J) of liquid 131Xe. This work was supported by the Department of Energy under Contract DE-SC0008107 and Berea College Office of Internships.

Commissioning a Rotating Target Wheel Assembly for Heavy Element Studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fields, L. D.; Bennett, M. E.; Mayorov, D. A.; Folden, C. M.

2013-10-01

The heaviest elements are produced artificially by fusing nuclei of light elements within an accelerator to form heavier nuclei. The most direct method to increase the production rate of nuclei is to increase the beam intensity, necessitating the use of a rotating target to minimize damage to the target by deposited heat. Such a target wheel was constructed for heavy element research at Texas A&M University, Cyclotron Institute, consisting of a wheel with three banana-shaped target cutouts. The target is designed to rotate at 1700 rpm, and a fiber optic cable provides a signal to trigger beam pulsing in order to avoid irradiating the spokes between target segments. Following minor mechanical modifications and construction of a dedicated electrical panel, the rotating target assembly was commissioned for a beam experiment. A 15 MeV/u beam of 20Ne was delivered from the K500 cyclotron and detected by a ruggedized silicon detector. The beam pulsing response time was characterized as a function of the rational frequency of the target wheel. Preliminary analysis suggests that the K500 is capable of pulsing at rates of up to 250 Hz, which is sufficient for planned future experiments. Funded by DOE and NSF-REU Program.

Geological-Seismological Evaluation of Earthquake Hazards at J. Strom Thurmond Dam

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-08-01

14-08-001- 14553, 92 p. Talwani, P., Stevenson, D., Sauber , 3., Rastogl,_ B.K., :Drew, A., Chiang, 3. and Amick, D., 1978. Seismicity studies at Lake...crust in the eastern United States, final report, Engineers International, Inc., prepared for U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 75 pp. Sauber , Jeanne...studies following the 2 August 1974 South Carolina earthquake, E Notes, 46, No. 4, 21-28. Talwani, P., D. Stevenson, J. Chiang, J. Sauber , and D. Amick

Lattice Commissioning Stretgy Simulation for the B Factory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lee, M.; Whittum, D.; Yan, Y.

2011-08-26

To prepare for the PEP-II turn on, we have studied one commissioning strategy with simulated lattice errors. Features such as difference and absolute orbit analysis and correction are discussed. To prepare for the commissioning of the PEP-II injection line and high energy ring (HER), we have developed a system for on-line orbit analysis by merging two existing codes: LEGO and RESOLVE. With the LEGO-RESOLVE system, we can study the problem of finding quadrupole alignment and beam position (BPM) offset errors with simulated data. We have increased the speed and versatility of the orbit analysis process by using a command filemore » written in a script language designed specifically for RESOLVE. In addition, we have interfaced the LEGO-RESOLVE system to the control system of the B-Factory. In this paper, we describe online analysis features of the LEGO-RESOLVE system and present examples of practical applications.« less

TU-C-BRE-05: Clinical Implications of AAA Commissioning Errors and Ability of Common Commissioning ' Credentialing Procedures to Detect Them

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McVicker, A; Oldham, M; Yin, F

2014-06-15

Purpose: To test the ability of the TG-119 commissioning process and RPC credentialing to detect errors in the commissioning process for a commercial Treatment Planning System (TPS). Methods: We introduced commissioning errors into the commissioning process for the Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA) within the Eclipse TPS. We included errors in Dosimetric Leaf Gap (DLG), electron contamination, flattening filter material, and beam profile measurement with an inappropriately large farmer chamber (simulated using sliding window smoothing of profiles). We then evaluated the clinical impact of these errors on clinical intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans (head and neck, low and intermediate riskmore » prostate, mesothelioma, and scalp) by looking at PTV D99, and mean and max OAR dose. Finally, for errors with substantial clinical impact we determined sensitivity of the RPC IMRT film analysis at the midpoint between PTV and OAR using a 4mm distance to agreement metric, and of a 7% TLD dose comparison. We also determined sensitivity of the 3 dose planes of the TG-119 C-shape IMRT phantom using gamma criteria of 3% 3mm. Results: The largest clinical impact came from large changes in the DLG with a change of 1mm resulting in up to a 5% change in the primary PTV D99. This resulted in a discrepancy in the RPC TLDs in the PTVs and OARs of 7.1% and 13.6% respectively, which would have resulted in detection. While use of incorrect flattening filter caused only subtle errors (<1%) in clinical plans, the effect was most pronounced for the RPC TLDs in the OARs (>6%). Conclusion: The AAA commissioning process within the Eclipse TPS is surprisingly robust to user error. When errors do occur, the RPC and TG-119 commissioning credentialing criteria are effective at detecting them; however OAR TLDs are the most sensitive despite the RPC currently excluding them from analysis.« less

Charge breeding of radioactive isotopes at the CARIBU facility with an electron beam ion source

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vondrasek, R. C.; Dickerson, C. A.; Hendricks, M.; Ostroumov, P.; Pardo, R.; Savard, G.; Scott, R.; Zinkann, G.

2018-05-01

An Electron Beam Ion Source Charge Breeder (EBIS-CB) has been developed at Argonne National Laboratory as part of the californium rare ion breeder upgrade. For the past year, the EBIS-CB has been undergoing commissioning as part of the ATLAS accelerator complex. It has delivered both stable and radioactive beams with A/Q < 6, breeding times <30 ms, low background contamination, and charge breeding efficiencies >18% into a single charge state. The operation of this device, challenges during the commissioning phase, and future improvements will be discussed.

78 FR 24192 - J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corp. v. Midwest Independent System Operator, Inc. PJM...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-24

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. EL13-58-000] J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corp. v. Midwest Independent System Operator, Inc. PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.; Notice of Complaint Take notice that on April 10, 2013, J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corporation (JPMVEC or Complainant...

Understanding the quantum nature of low-energy C(3P j ) + He inelastic collisions.

PubMed

Bergeat, Astrid; Chefdeville, Simon; Costes, Michel; Morales, Sébastien B; Naulin, Christian; Even, Uzi; Kłos, Jacek; Lique, François

2018-05-01

Inelastic collisions that occur between open-shell atoms and other atoms or molecules, and that promote a spin-orbit transition, involve multiple interaction potentials. They are non-adiabatic by nature and cannot be described within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation; in particular, their theoretical modelling becomes very challenging when the collision energies have values comparable to the spin-orbit splitting. Here we study inelastic collisions between carbon in its ground state C( 3 P j=0 ) and helium atoms-at collision energies in the vicinity of spin-orbit excitation thresholds (~0.2 and 0.5 kJ mol -1 )-that result in spin-orbit excitation to C( 3 P j=1 ) and C( 3 P j=2 ). State-to-state integral cross-sections are obtained from crossed-beam experiments with a beam source that provides an almost pure beam of C( 3 P j=0 ) . We observe very good agreement between experimental and theoretical results (acquired using newly calculated potential energy curves), which validates our characterization of the quantum dynamical resonances that are observed. Rate coefficients at very low temperatures suitable for chemical modelling of the interstellar medium are also calculated.

WE-AB-201-03: TPS Commissioning and QA: Incorporating the Entire Planning Process

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mutic, S.

discussed. The recommendations of MPPG #5 and practical implementation strategies (Jennifer Smilowitz) The recently published recommendations from Task Group No. 244, Medical Physics Practice Guideline on Commissioning and QA of Treatment Planning Dose Calculations: Megavoltage Photon and Electron Beams will be presented. The recommendations focus on the validation of commissioning data and dose calculations. Tolerance values for non-IMRT beam configurations are summarized based on established criteria and data collected by the IROC. More stringent evaluation criteria for IMRT dose calculations are suggested to test the limitations of the TPS dose algorithms for advanced delivery conditions. The MPPG encourages users to create a suite of validation tests for dose calculation for various conditions for static photon beams, heterogeneities, IMRT/VMAT and electron beams. This test suite is intended to be used for subsequent testing, including TPS software upgrades. In the past, the recommendations of some reports have not been widely implemented due to practical limitations. Implementation strategies, tools and processes developed by multiple centers for efficient and “do-able” MPPG #5 testing will be presented, as well as a discussion on the overall validation experience. Learning Objectives: Identify some of the key documents relevant for TPS commissioning and QA Understand strategies for testing TPS software Gain a practical knowledge of the Gamma test criteria Increase familiarity with the process of commissioning a TPS Learn about the use of Control Charts for TPS QA Review the role of the TPS in the overall planning process Increase awareness of the link between TPS QA and chart checking Gain an increased appreciation for the importance of interdisciplinary communication Understand the new recommendations from MPPG #5 on TPS Dose Algorithm Commissioning and QC/QA Learn practical implementation processes and tools for MPPG #5 validation recommendations.« less

WE-AB-201-01: Treatment Planning System Commissioning and QA: Challenges and Opportunities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Salomons, G.

discussed. The recommendations of MPPG #5 and practical implementation strategies (Jennifer Smilowitz) The recently published recommendations from Task Group No. 244, Medical Physics Practice Guideline on Commissioning and QA of Treatment Planning Dose Calculations: Megavoltage Photon and Electron Beams will be presented. The recommendations focus on the validation of commissioning data and dose calculations. Tolerance values for non-IMRT beam configurations are summarized based on established criteria and data collected by the IROC. More stringent evaluation criteria for IMRT dose calculations are suggested to test the limitations of the TPS dose algorithms for advanced delivery conditions. The MPPG encourages users to create a suite of validation tests for dose calculation for various conditions for static photon beams, heterogeneities, IMRT/VMAT and electron beams. This test suite is intended to be used for subsequent testing, including TPS software upgrades. In the past, the recommendations of some reports have not been widely implemented due to practical limitations. Implementation strategies, tools and processes developed by multiple centers for efficient and “do-able” MPPG #5 testing will be presented, as well as a discussion on the overall validation experience. Learning Objectives: Identify some of the key documents relevant for TPS commissioning and QA Understand strategies for testing TPS software Gain a practical knowledge of the Gamma test criteria Increase familiarity with the process of commissioning a TPS Learn about the use of Control Charts for TPS QA Review the role of the TPS in the overall planning process Increase awareness of the link between TPS QA and chart checking Gain an increased appreciation for the importance of interdisciplinary communication Understand the new recommendations from MPPG #5 on TPS Dose Algorithm Commissioning and QC/QA Learn practical implementation processes and tools for MPPG #5 validation recommendations.« less

Scintillator-based transverse proton beam profiler for laser-plasma ion sources.

PubMed

Dover, N P; Nishiuchi, M; Sakaki, H; Alkhimova, M A; Faenov, A Ya; Fukuda, Y; Kiriyama, H; Kon, A; Kondo, K; Nishitani, K; Ogura, K; Pikuz, T A; Pirozhkov, A S; Sagisaka, A; Kando, M; Kondo, K

2017-07-01

A high repetition rate scintillator-based transverse beam profile diagnostic for laser-plasma accelerated proton beams has been designed and commissioned. The proton beam profiler uses differential filtering to provide coarse energy resolution and a flexible design to allow optimisation for expected beam energy range and trade-off between spatial and energy resolution depending on the application. A plastic scintillator detector, imaged with a standard 12-bit scientific camera, allows data to be taken at a high repetition rate. An algorithm encompassing the scintillator non-linearity is described to estimate the proton spectrum at different spatial locations.

A new medium energy beam transport line for the proton injector of AGS-RHIC

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Okamura, M.; Briscoe, B.; Fite, J.

2010-09-12

In Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), a 750 keV medium energy beam transport line between the 201 MHz 750 keV proton RFQ and the 200 MeV Alvarez DTL is being modified to get a better transmission of the beam. Within a tight space, high field gradient quadrupoles (65 Tm) and newly designed steering magnets (6.5 mm in length) will be installed considering the cross-talk effects. Also a new half wave length 200 MHz buncher is being prepared. The beam commissioning will be done in this year. To enhance the performance of the proton linacs, the MEBT is being modified. New quadrupolemore » magnets, steering magnets and a half wave length buncher as shown in Figure 7 will be installed and be commissioned soon.« less

Bolt beam propagation analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shokair, I. R.

BOLT (Beam on Laser Technology) is a rocket experiment to demonstrate electron beam propagation on a laser ionized plasma channel across the geomagnetic field in the ion focused regime (IFR). The beam parameters for BOLT are: beam current I(sub b) = 100 Amps, beam energy of 1--1.5 MeV (gamma =3-4), and a Gaussian beam and channel of radii r(sub b) = r(sub c) = 1.5 cm. The N+1 ionization scheme is used to ionize atomic oxygen in the upper atmosphere. This scheme utilizes 130 nm light plus three IR lasers to excite and then ionize atomic oxygen. The limiting factor for the channel strength is the energy of the 130 nm laser, which is assumed to be 1.6 mJ for BOLT. At a fixed laser energy and altitude (fixing the density of atomic oxygen), the range can be varied by adjusting the laser tuning, resulting in a neutralization fraction axial profile of the form: f(z) = f(sub 0) e(exp minus z)/R, where R is the range. In this paper we consider the propagation of the BOLT beam and calculate the range of the electron beam taking into account the fact that the erosion rates (magnetic and inductive) vary with beam length as the beam and channel dynamically respond to sausage and hose instabilities.

Commissioning of a conformal irradiation system for heavy-ion radiotherapy using a layer-stacking method.

PubMed

Kanai, Tatsuaki; Kanematsu, Nobuyuki; Minohara, Shinichi; Komori, Masataka; Torikoshi, Masami; Asakura, Hiroshi; Ikeda, Noritoshi; Uno, Takayuki; Takei, Yuka

2006-08-01

The commissioning of conformal radiotherapy system using heavy-ion beams at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) is described in detail. The system at HIMAC was upgraded for a clinical trial using a new technique: large spot uniform scanning with conformal layer stacking. The system was developed to localize the irradiation dose to the target volume more effectively than with the old system. With the present passive irradiation method using a ridge filter, a scatterer, a pair of wobbler magnets, and a multileaf collimator, the width of the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) in the radiation field could not be changed. With dynamic control of the beam-modifying devices during irradiation, a more conformal radiotherapy could be achieved. In order to safely perform treatments with this conformal therapy, the moving devices should be watched during irradiation and the synchronousness among the devices should be verified. This system, which has to be safe for patient irradiations, was constructed and tested for safety and for the quality of the dose localization realized. Through these commissioning tests, we were successfully able to prepare the conformal technique using layer stacking for patients. Subsequent to commissioning the technique has been applied to patients in clinical trials.

75 FR 10245 - S.J. Energy Partners, Inc.; Supplemental Notice That Initial Market-Based Rate Filing Includes...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-05

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. ER10-735-000] S.J. Energy Partners, Inc.; Supplemental Notice That Initial Market-Based Rate Filing Includes Request for Blanket... proceeding of S.J. Energy Partners, Inc.'s application for market-based rate authority, with an accompanying...

77 FR 19010 - Zone J Tolling Co., LLC; Supplemental Notice That Initial Market-Based Rate Filing Includes...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. ER12-1301-000] Zone J Tolling Co., LLC; Supplemental Notice That Initial Market- Based Rate Filing Includes Request for Blanket Section 204 Authorization This is a supplemental notice in the above-referenced proceeding of Zone J...

SU-E-T-470: Beam Performance of the Radiance 330 Proton Therapy System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nazaryan, H; Nazaryan, V; Wang, F

2014-06-01

Purpose: The ProTom Radiance 330 proton radiotherapy system is a fully functional, compact proton radiotherapy system that provides advanced proton delivery capabilities. It supports three-dimensional beam scanning with energy and intensity modulation. A series of measurements have been conducted to characterize the beam performance of the first installation of the system at the McLaren Proton Therapy Center in Flint, Michigan. These measurements were part of the technical commissioning of the system. Select measurements and results are presented. Methods: The Radiance 330 proton beam energy range is 70–250 MeV for treatment, and up to 330 MeV for proton tomography and radiography.more » Its 3-D scanning capability, together with a small beam emittance and momentum spread, provides a highly efficient beam delivery. During the technical commissioning, treatment plans were created to deliver uniform maps at various energies to perform Gamma Index analysis. EBT3 Gafchromic films were irradiated using the Planned irradiation maps. Bragg Peak chamber was used to test the dynamic range during a scan in one layer for high (250 MeV) and Low (70 MeV) energies. The maximum and minimum range, range adjustment and modulation, distal dose falloff (80%–20%), pencil beam spot size, spot placement accuracy were also measured. The accuracy testing included acquiring images, image registration, receiving correction vectors and applying the corrections to the robotic patient positioner. Results: Gamma Index analysis of the Treatment Planning System (TPS) data vs. Measured data showed more than 90% of points within (3%, 3mm) for the maps created by the TPS. At Isocenter Beam Size (One sigma) < 3mm at highest energy (250 MeV) in air. Beam delivery was within 0.6 mm of the intended target at the entrance and the exit of the beam, through the phantom. Conclusion: The Radiance 330 Beam Performance Measurements have confirmed that the system operates as designed with excellent

Molecular Beam Epitaxial Regrowth of Antimonide-Based Semiconductors

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

Molecular Beam Epitaxial Regrowth of Antimonide-Based Semiconductors MATTHEW REASON,1 BRIAN R. BENNETT,1,2 RICHARD MAGNO,1 and J. BRAD BOOS1 1...2010 to 00-00-2010 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Molecular Beam Epitaxial Regrowth of Antimonide-Based Semiconductors 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT...Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES The samples reported in this work were grown by solid-source molecular - beam epitaxy (MBE) with

NSLS-II storage ring insertion device and front-end commissioning and operation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wang, G., E-mail: gwang@bnl.gov; Shaftan, T.; Amundsen, C.

The National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) is a state of the art 3 GeV third generation light source at Brookhaven National Laboratory. During spring/ summer of 2014, the storage ring was commissioned up to 50 mA without insertion devices. In the fall of 2014, we began commissioning of the project beamlines, which included seven insertion devices on six ID ports. Beamlines IXS, HXN, CSX-1, CSX-2, CHX, SRX, and XPD-1 consist of elliptically polarized undulator (EPU), damping wigglers (DW) and in-vacuum undulators (IVU) covering from VUV to hard x-ray range. In this paper, experience with commissioning and operation is discussed.more » We focus on reaching storage ring performance with IDs, including injection, design emittance, compensation of orbit distortions caused by ID residual field, source point stability, beam alignment and tools for control, monitoring and protection of the ring chambers from ID radiation.« less

The radioactive beam facility ALTO

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Essabaa, Saïd; Barré-Boscher, Nicole; Cheikh Mhamed, Maher; Cottereau, Evelyne; Franchoo, Serge; Ibrahim, Fadi; Lau, Christophe; Roussière, Brigitte; Saïd, Abdelhakim; Tusseau-Nenez, Sandrine; Verney, David

2013-12-01

The Transnational Access facility ALTO (TNA07-ENSAR/FP7) has been commissioned and received from the French safety authorities, the operation license. It is allowed to run at nominal intensity to produce 1011 fissions/s in a thick uranium carbide target by photo-fission using a 10 μA, 50 MeV electron beam. In addition the recent success in operating the selective laser ion source broadens the physics program with neutron-rich nuclear beams possible at this facility installed at IPN Orsay. The facility also aims at being a test bench for the SPIRAL2 project. In that framework an ambitious R&D program on the target ion source system is being developed.

Excitation of Accelerating Plasma Waves by Counter-Propagating Laser Beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shvets, Gennady

2001-10-01

The conventional approach to exciting high phase velocity waves in plasmas is to employ a laser pulse moving in the direction of the desired particle acceleration. Photon downshifting then causes the momentum transfer to the plasma and wave excitiation. We describe a novel approach to plasma wake excitation, colliding-beam accelerator (CBA), which involves the photon exchange between the long and short counter-propagating laser beams. Depending on frequency detuning Δ ω between beams and duration τL of the short pulse, there are two approaches to CBA. First approach assumes (τL ≈ 2/ω_p). Photons exchanged between the beams deposit their recoil momentum in the plasma driving the plasma wake. Frequency detuning between the beams determines the direction of the photon exchange, thereby controlling the phase of the plasma wake. This phase control can be used for reversing the slippage of the accelerated particles with respect to the wake ^1. It can also be used for developing an injector/pulse compressor for the particles of either sign (electrons or positrons)^2. In the second approach, one utilizes a longer pulse with τL >> ω_p-1, which is detuned by Δ ω ~ 2 ωp from the counter-propagating beam. While the parametric excitation of plasma waves by the electromagnetic beatwave at 2 ωp of two co-propagating lasers was first predicted by Rosenbluth and Liu in 1972, we realized, for the first time, that the two excitation beams can be counter-propagating^4. The advantages of using this geometry (lower threshold laser intensity, insensitivity to plasma inhomogeneity) will be explained, and the results of the numerical simulations presented. footnotetext[1]G. Shvets, N. J. Fisch, A. Pukhov, and J. Meyer-ter-Vehn, Phys. Rev. E 60, 2218 (1999). footnotetext[2]G. Shvets, N. J. Fisch, and A. Pukhov, 28, 1194 (2000). footnotetext[5]G. Shvets and N. J. Fisch, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3328 (2001).

Design, construction and commissioning of the Digital Hadron Calorimeter—DHCAL

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adams, C.; Bambaugh, A.; Bilki, B.; Butler, J.; Corriveau, F.; Cundiff, T.; Drake, G.; Francis, K.; Furst, B.; Guarino, V.; Haberichter, B.; Hazen, E.; Hoff, J.; Holm, S.; Kreps, A.; DeLurgio, P.; Matijas, Z.; Dal Monte, L.; Mucia, N.; Norbeck, E.; Northacker, D.; Onel, Y.; Pollack, B.; Repond, J.; Schlereth, J.; Skrzecz, F.; Smith, J. R.; Trojand, D.; Underwood, D.; Velasco, M.; Walendziak, J.; Wood, K.; Wu, S.; Xia, L.; Zhang, Q.; Zhao, A.

2016-07-01

A novel hadron calorimeter is being developed for future lepton colliding beam detectors. The calorimeter is optimized for the application of Particle Flow Algorithms (PFAs) to the measurement of hadronic jets and features a very finely segmented readout with 1 × 1 cm2 cells. The active media of the calorimeter are Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) with a digital, i.e. one-bit, readout. To first order the energy of incident particles in this calorimeter is reconstructed as being proportional to the number of pads with a signal over a given threshold. A large-scale prototype calorimeter with approximately 500,000 readout channels has been built and underwent extensive testing in the Fermilab and CERN test beams. This paper reports on the design, construction, and commissioning of this prototype calorimeter.

77 FR 32625 - William J. Stevenson, Estate of Lynn E. Stevenson, Black Canyon Bliss, LLC; Notice of Application...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-01

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 8866-010] William J. Stevenson, Estate of Lynn E. Stevenson, Black Canyon Bliss, LLC; Notice of Application for Transfer of License, and Soliciting Comments and Motions To Intervene On April 23, 2012, William J. Stevenson, Estate...

Results and perspectives from T2K on CPV in the neutrino sector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dabrowska, A.

2017-09-01

In the T2K long-baseline neutrino oscilliaton experiment, the J-PARC facility is able to produce a high-intensity muon neutrino (antineutrino) beam, which is sent towards the near detector stations (0.28km) and the far detector Super-Kamiokande (295km). The change in the measured intensity and the composition of the beam are used to provide information about the oscillation parameters. A simultaneous analysis of the above neutrino and antineutrino mode data sets leads to the first ever sensitivity to the neutrino-sector CPV based on T2K data alone. Also, it gives the most precise T2K measurements of other neutrino oscillation parameters. The proposal of an extension of the currently approved T2K running from 7.8 × 10^{21} protons on target to 20 × 10^{21} protons on target and aiming at the initial observation of CPV with 3 σ or higher significance assuming maximum CP violation, is also presented.

Commissioning the cryogenic system of the first LHC sector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Millet, F.; Claudet, S.; Ferlin, G.

2007-12-01

The LHC machine, composed of eight sectors with superconducting magnets and accelerating cavities, requires a complex cryogenic system providing high cooling capacities (18 kW equivalent at 4.5 K and 2.4 W at 1.8 K per sector produced in large cold boxes and distributed via 3.3-km cryogenic transfer lines). After individual reception tests of the cryogenic subsystems (cryogen storages, refrigerators, cryogenic transfer lines and distribution boxes) performed since 2000, the commissioning of the cryogenic system of the first LHC sector has been under way since November 2006. After a brief introduction to the LHC cryogenic system and its specificities, the commissioningmore » is reported detailing the preparation phase (pressure and leak tests, circuit conditioning and flushing), the cool-down sequences including the handling of cryogenic fluids, the magnet powering phase and finally the warm-up. Preliminary conclusions on the commissioning of the first LHC sector will be drawn with the review of the critical points already solved or still pending. The last part of the paper reports on the first operational experience of the LHC cryogenic system in the perspective of the commissioning of the remaining LHC sectors and the beam injection test.« less

76 FR 61121 - Joint Industry Plan; Notice of Designation of a Longer Period for Commission Action on the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-03

... 22, 2011; Letter from Leonard J. Amoruso, General Counsel, Knight Capital Group, Inc., to Elizabeth M..., Secretary, Commission, dated June 22, 2011; Letter from Jamie Selway, Managing Director, and Patrick Chi...

News from the Biological Stain Commission.

PubMed

Lyon, H O; Kiernan, J A

2008-12-01

In the three earlier editions of News from the Biological Stain Commission (BSC), under the heading of "Regulatory affairs," the BSC's International Affairs Committee reported on the work of Technical Committee 212, Clinical Laboratory Testing and in Vitro Diagnostic Test Systems of the International Standards Organization (ISO/TC 212) and its working groups, WG 1, WG 2 and WG 3. In this issue of News from the BSC, H.O. Lyon provides information from the annual meeting of ISO/TC 212 that took place June 2-4, 2008 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. In addition, under the heading of "Certification," J.A. Kiernan examines the certification procedure for thionine used by the BSC laboratory in Rochester, NY.

TRACE/PARCS Analysis of ATWS with Instability for a MELLLA+BWR/5

DOE PAGES

L. Y. Cheng; Baek, J. S.; Cuadra, A.; ...

2016-06-06

A TRACE/PARCS model has been developed to analyze anticipated transient without SCRAM (ATWS) events for a boiling water reactor (BWR) operating in the maximum extended load line limit analysis-plus (MELLLA+) expanded operating domain. The MELLLA+ domain expands allowable operation in the power/flow map of a BWR to low flow rates at high power conditions. Such operation exacerbates the likelihood of large amplitude power/flow oscillations during certain ATWS scenarios. The analysis shows that large amplitude power/flow oscillations, both core-wide and out-of-phase, arise following the establishment of natural circulation flow in the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) after the trip of the recirculationmore » pumps and an increase in core inlet subcooling. The analysis also indicates a mechanism by which the fuel may experience heat-up that could result in localized fuel damage. TRACE predicts the heat-up to occur when the cladding surface temperature exceeds the minimum stable film boiling temperature after periodic cycles of dryout and rewet; and the fuel becomes “locked” into a film boiling regime. Further, the analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the simulated manual operator actions to suppress the instability.« less

SU-F-J-197: A Novel Intra-Beam Range Detection and Adaptation Strategy for Particle Therapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, M; Jiang, S; Shao, Y

2016-06-15

Purpose: In-vivo range detection/verification is crucial in particle therapy for effective and safe delivery. The state-of-art techniques are not sufficient for in-vivo on-line range verification due to conflicts among patient dose, signal statistics and imaging time. We propose a novel intra-beam range detection and adaptation strategy for particle therapy. Methods: This strategy uses the planned mid-range spots as probing beams without adding extra radiation to patients. Such choice of probing beams ensures the Bragg peaks to remain inside the tumor even with significant range variation from the plan. It offers sufficient signal statistics for in-beam positron emission tomography (PET) duemore » to high positron activity of therapeutic dose. The probing beam signal can be acquired and reconstructed using in-beam PET that allows for delineation of the Bragg peaks and detection of range shift with ease of detection enabled by single-layered spots. If the detected range shift is within a pre-defined tolerance, the remaining spots will be delivered as the original plan. Otherwise, a fast re-optimization using range-shifted beamlets and accounting for the probing beam dose is applied to consider the tradeoffs posed by the online anatomy. Simulated planning and delivery studies were used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques. Results: Simulations with online range variations due to shifts of various foreign objects into the beam path showed successful delineation of the Bragg peaks as a result of delivering probing beams. Without on-line delivery adaptation, dose distribution was significantly distorted. In contrast, delivery adaptation incorporating detected range shift recovered well the planned dose. Conclusion: The proposed intra-beam range detection and adaptation utilizing the planned mid-range spots as probing beams, which illuminate the beam range with strong and accurate PET signals, is a safe, practical, yet effective approach to

Characterization of a 2.5 MV inline portal imaging beam

PubMed Central

Owen, Jennifer; Eduardo Villarreal‐Barajas, J.; Khan, Rao F.H.

2016-01-01

A new megavoltage (MV) energy was recently introduced on Varian TrueBeam linear accelerators for imaging applications. This work describes the experimental characterization of a 2.5 MV inline portal imaging beam for commissioning, routine clinical use, and quality assurance purposes. The beam quality of the 2.5 MV beam was determined by measuring a percent depth dose, PDD, in water phantom for 10×10 cm2 field at source‐to‐surface distance 100 cm with a CC13 ion chamber, plane parallel Markus chamber, and GafChromic EBT3 film. Absolute dosimetric output calibration of the beam was performed using a traceable calibrated ionization chamber, following the AAPM Task Group 51 procedure. EBT3 film measurements were also performed to measure entrance dose. The output stability of the imaging beam was monitored for five months. Coincidence of 2.5 MV imaging beam with 6 MV therapy beam was verified with hidden‐target cubic phantom. Image quality was studied using the Leeds and QC3 phantom. The depth of maximum dose, dmax, and percent dose at 10 cm depth were, respectively, 5.7 mm and 51.7% for CC13, 6.1 mm and 51.9% for Markus chamber, and 5.1 mm and 51.9% for EBT3 film. The 2.5 MV beam quality is slightly inferior to that of a  60Co teletherapy beam; however, an estimated kQ of 1.00 was used for output calibration purposes. The beam output was found to be stable to within 1% over a five‐month period. The relative entrance dose as measured with EBT3 films was 63%, compared to 23% for a clinical 6 MV beam for a 10×10 cm2 field. Overall coincidence of the 2.5 MV imaging beam with the 6 MV clinical therapy beam was within 0.2 mm. Image quality results for two commonly used imaging phantoms were superior for the 2.5 MV beam when compared to the conventional 6 MV beam. The results from measurements on two TrueBeam accelerators show that 2.5 MV imaging beam is slightly softer than a therapeutic  60Co beam, it provides superior image quality than a 6 MV therapy

On neutral-beam injection counter to the plasma current

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Helander, P.; Akers, R.J.; Eriksson, L.-G.

2005-11-15

It is well known that when neutral beams inject ions into trapped orbits in a tokamak, the transfer of momentum between the beam and the plasma occurs through the torque exerted by a radial return current. It is shown that this implies that the angular momentum transferred to the plasma can be larger than the angular momentum of the beam, if the injection is in the opposite direction to the plasma current and the beam ions suffer orbit losses. On the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) [R. J. Akers, J. W. Ahn, G. Y. Antar, L. C. Appel, D. Applegate, C.more » Brickley et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 45, A175 (2003)], this results in up to 30% larger momentum deposition with counterinjection than with co-injection, with substantially increased plasma rotation as a result. It is also shown that heating of the plasma (most probably of the ions) can occur even when the beam ions are lost before they have had time to slow down in the plasma. This is the dominant heating mechanism in the outer 40% of the MAST plasma during counterinjection.« less

Spatially-Resolved Beam Current and Charge-State Distributions for the NEXT Ion Engine

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pollard, James E.; Diamant, Kevin D.; Crofton, Mark W.; Patterson, Michael J.; Soulas, George C.

2010-01-01

Plume characterization tests with the 36-cm NEXT ion engine are being performed at The Aerospace Corporation using engineering-model and prototype-model thrusters. We have examined the beam current density and xenon charge-state distribution as functions of position on the accel grid. To measure the current density ratio j++/j+, a collimated Eprobe was rotated through the plume with the probe oriented normal to the accel electrode surface at a distance of 82 cm. The beam current density jb versus radial position was measured with a miniature planar probe at 3 cm from the accel. Combining the j++/j+ and jb data yielded the ratio of total Xe+2 current to total Xe+1 current (J++/J+) at forty operating points in the standard throttle table. The production of Xe+2 and Xe+3 was measured as a function of propellant utilization to support performance and lifetime predictions for an extended throttle table. The angular dependence of jb was measured at intermediate and far-field distances to assist with plume modeling and to evaluate the thrust loss due to beam divergence. Thrust correction factors were derived from the total doubles-to-singles current ratio and from the far-field divergence data

Fine Structure in Helium-like Fluorine by Fast-Beam Laser Spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Myers, E. G.; Thompson, J. K.; Silver, J. D.

1998-05-01

With the aim of providing an additional precise test of higher-order corrections to high precision calculations of fine structure in helium and helium-like ions(T. Zhang, Z.-C. Yan and G.W.F. Drake, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77), 1715 (1996)., a measurement of the 2^3P_2,F - 2^3P_1,F' fine structure in ^19F^7+ is in progress. The method involves doppler-tuned laser spectroscopy using a CO2 laser on a foil-stripped fluorine ion beam. We aim to achieve a higher precision, compared to an earlier measurement(E.G. Myers, P. Kuske, H.J. Andrae, I.A. Armour, H.A. Klein, J.D. Silver, and E. Traebert, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47), 87 (1981)., by using laser beams parallel and anti-parallel to the ion beam, to obtain partial cancellation of the doppler shift(J.K. Thompson, D.J.H. Howie and E.G. Myers, Phys. Rev. A 57), 180 (1998).. A calculation of the hyperfine structure, allowing for relativistic, QED and nuclear size effects, will be required to obtain the ``hyperfine-free'' fine structure interval from the measurements.

Unveiling the origin of HESS J1809-193

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castelletti, G.; Giacani, E.; Petriella, A.

2016-03-01

Aims: The main goal of this paper is to provide new insights on the origin of the observable flux of γ rays from HESS J1809-193 using new high-quality observations in the radio domain. Methods: We used the Expanded Very Large Array (now known as the Karl G. Jansky Very large Array, JVLA) to produce a deep full-synthesis imaging at 1.4 GHz of the vicinity of PSR J1809-1917. These data were used in conjunction with 12CO observations from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in the transition line J = 3-2 and atomic hydrogen data from the Southern Galactic Plane Survey to investigate the properties of the interstellar medium in the direction of the source HESS J1809-193. Results: The new radio continuum image, obtained with a synthesized beam of 8'' × 4'' and a sensitivity of 0.17 mJy beam-1, reveals with unprecedented detail all the intensity structures in the field. No radio counterpart to the observed X-ray emission supposed to be a pulsar wind nebula powered by PSR J1809-1917 is seen in the new JVLA image. We discovered a system of molecular clouds on the edge of the supernova remnant (SNR) G11.0-0.0 shock front, which is positionally coincident with the brightest part of the TeV source HESS J1809-193. We determine, on the basis of kinematic and morphological evidences, a physical link of the SNR with the clouds for which we estimated a total (molecular plus atomic) mass of ~3 × 103M⊙ and a total proton density in the range 2-3 × 103 cm-3. Conclusions: We propose as the most likely origin of the very high-energy γ-ray radiation from HESS J1809-193 a hadronic mechanism through collisions of ions accelerated at the SNR G11.0-0.0 shock with the molecular matter in the vicinity of the remnant. The new JVLA image (in FITS format) is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/587/A71

Commissioning of the cryogenics of the LHC long straight sections

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Perin, A.; Casas-Cubillos, J.; Claudet, S.

2010-01-01

The LHC is made of eight circular arcs interspaced with eight Long Straight Sections (LSS). Most powering interfaces to the LHC are located in these sections where the particle beams are focused and shaped for collision, cleaning and acceleration. The LSSs are constituted of several unique cryogenic devices and systems like electrical feed-boxes, standalone superconducting magnets, superconducting links, RF cavities and final focusing superconducting magnets. This paper presents the cryogenic commissioning and the main results obtained during the first operation of the LHC Long Straight Sections.

Electron-Beam Sustained Mercuric Bromide Laser Study.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-04-29

CATALOG NUMBER R82-925096-1 b~ h PIO COEE 4. TITLE (and Subttle) . TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED Final Report Electron-Beam Sustained Mercuric...fractional ionization is taken into account. I3 33 h I 10-10 I Ar* x 102 ’v 10.11 - 107E HgBr2+ E 1) Vd 10-12- -106 2x 10 -7 10-6 105 2x10 -5 FRACTIONAL...pleasure to acknowledge the helpful discussions with our UTRC colleagues J. J. Hinchen, H . H . Michels and W. J. Wiegand, and with Professor D. W

SU-E-T-624: Portal Dosimetry Commissioning of Multiple (6) Varian TrueBeam Linacs Equipped with PortalVision DMI MV Imager

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Weldon, M; DiCostanzo, D; Grzetic, S

2015-06-15

Purpose: To show that a single model for Portal Domisetry (PD) can be established for beam-matched TrueBeam™ linacs that are equipped with the DMI imager (43×43cm effective area). Methods: Our department acquired 6 new TrueBeam™s, 4 “Slim” and 2 “Edge” models. The Slims were equipped with 6 and 10MV photons, and the Edges with 6MV. MLCs differed between the Slims and Edges (Millennium 120 vs HD-MLC respectively). PD model was created from data acquired using a single linac (Slim). This includes maximum field size profile, as well as output factors and acquired measured fluence using the DMI imager. All identicalmore » linacs were beam-matched, profiles were within 1% at maximum field size at a variety of depths. The profile correction file was generated from 40×40 profile acquired at 5cm depth, 95cm SSD, and was adjusted for deviation at the field edges and corners. The PD model and profile correction was applied to all six TrueBeam™s and imagers. A variety of jaw only and sliding window (SW) MLC test fields, as well as TG-119 and clinical SW and VMAT plans were run on each linac to validate the model. Results: For 6X and 10X, field by field comparison using 3mm/3% absolute gamma criteria passed 90% or better for all cases. This was also true for composite comparisons of TG-199 and clinical plans, matching our current department criteria. Conclusion: Using a single model per photon energy for PD for the TrueBeam™ equipped with a DMI imager can produce clinically acceptable results across multiple identical and matched linacs. It is also possible to use the same PD model despite different MLCs. This can save time during commissioning and software updates.« less

SCINTILLATION ARCS IN LOW-FREQUENCY OBSERVATIONS OF THE TIMING-ARRAY MILLISECOND PULSAR PSR J0437–4715

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bhat, N. D. R.; Ord, S. M.; Tremblay, S. E.

2016-02-10

Low-frequency observations of pulsars provide a powerful means for probing the microstructure in the turbulent interstellar medium (ISM). Here we report on high-resolution dynamic spectral analysis of our observations of the timing-array millisecond pulsar PSR J0437–4715 with the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), enabled by our recently commissioned tied-array beam processing pipeline for voltage data recorded from the high time resolution mode of the MWA. A secondary spectral analysis reveals faint parabolic arcs akin to those seen in high-frequency observations of pulsars with the Green Bank and Arecibo telescopes. Data from Parkes observations at a higher frequency of 732 MHz revealmore » a similar parabolic feature with a curvature that scales approximately as the square of the observing wavelength (λ{sup 2}) to the MWA's frequency of 192 MHz. Our analysis suggests that scattering toward PSR J0437–4715 predominantly arises from a compact region about 115 pc from the Earth, which matches well with the expected location of the edge of the Local Bubble that envelopes the local Solar neighborhood. As well as demonstrating new and improved pulsar science capabilities of the MWA, our analysis underscores the potential of low-frequency pulsar observations for gaining valuable insights into the local ISM and for characterizing the ISM toward timing-array pulsars.« less

Design, R&D and commissioning of EAST tungsten divertor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yao, D. M.; Luo, G. N.; Zhou, Z. B.; Cao, L.; Li, Q.; Wang, W. J.; Li, L.; Qin, S. G.; Shi, Y. L.; Liu, G. H.; Li, J. G.

2016-02-01

After commissioning in 2005, the EAST superconducting tokamak had been operated with its water cooled divertors for eight campaigns up to 2012, employing graphite as plasma facing material. With increase in heating power over 20 MW in recent years, the heat flux going to the divertors rises rapidly over 10 MW m-2 for steady state operation. To accommodate the rapid increasing heat load in EAST, the bolting graphite tile divertor must be upgraded. An ITER-like tungsten (W) divertor has been designed and developed; and firstly used for the upper divertor of EAST. The EAST upper W divertor is modular structure with 80 modules in total. Eighty sets of W/Cu plasma-facing components (PFC) with each set consisting of an outer vertical target (OVT), an inner vertical target (IVT) and a DOME, are attached to 80 stainless steel cassette bodies (CB) by pins. The monoblock W/Cu-PFCs have been developed for the strike points of both OVT and IVT, and the flat type W/Cu-PFCs for the DOME and the baffle parts of both OVT and IVT, employing so-called hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technology for tungsten to CuCrZr heat sink bonding, and electron beam welding for CuCrZr to CuCrZr and CuCrZr to other material bonding. Both monoblock and flat type PFC mockups passed high heat flux (HHF) testing by means of electron beam facilities. The 80 divertor modules were installed in EAST in 2014 and results of the first commissioning are presented in this paper.

Towards Commissioning the Fermilab Muon G-2 Experiment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stratakis, D.; Convery, M. E.; Morgan, J. P.

2017-01-01

Starting this summer, Fermilab will host a key experiment dedicated to the search for signals of new physics: The Fermilab Muon g-2 Experiment. Its aim is to precisely measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. In full operation, in order to avoid contamination, the newly born secondary beam is injected into a 505 m long Delivery Ring (DR) wherein it makes several revolutions before being sent to the experiment. Part of the commissioning scenario will execute a running mode wherein the passage from the DR will be skipped. With the aid of numerical simulations, we provide estimates of themore » expected performance.« less

A high repetition rate transverse beam profile diagnostic for laser-plasma proton sources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dover, Nicholas; Nishiuchi, Mamiko; Sakaki, Hironao; Kando, Masaki; Nishitani, Keita

2016-10-01

The recently upgraded J-KAREN-P laser can provide PW peak power and intensities approaching 1022 Wcm-2 at 0.1 Hz. Scaling of sheath acceleration to such high intensities predicts generation of protons to near 100 MeV, but changes in electron heating mechanisms may affect the emitted proton beam properties, such as divergence and pointing. High repetition rate simultaneous measurement of the transverse proton distribution and energy spectrum are therefore key to understanding and optimising the source. Recently plastic scintillators have been used to measure online proton beam transverse profiles, removing the need for time consuming post-processing. We are therefore developing a scintillator based transverse proton beam profile diagnostic for use in ion acceleration experiments using the J-KAREN-P laser. Differential filtering provides a coarse energy spectrum measurement, and time-gating allows differentiation of protons from other radiation. We will discuss the design and implementation of the diagnostic, as well as proof-of-principle results from initial experiments on the J-KAREN-P system demonstrating the measurement of sheath accelerated proton beams up to 20 MeV.

100 J UV glass laser for dynamic compression research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zweiback, J.; Fochs, S. F.; Bromage, J.; Broege, D.; Cuffney, R.; Currier, Z.; Dorrer, C.; Ehrich, B.; Engler, J.; Guardalben, M.; Kephalos, N.; Marozas, J.; Roides, R.; Zuegel, J.

2017-02-01

A frequency tripled, Nd:Glass laser has been constructed and installed at the Dynamic Compression Sector located at the Advanced Photon Source. This 100-J laser will be used to drive shocks in condensed matter which will then be interrogated by the facility x-ray beam. The laser is designed for reliable operation, utilizing proven designs for all major subsystems. A fiber front-end provides arbitrarily shaped pulses to the amplifier chain. A diode-pumped Nd:glass regenerative amplifier is followed by a four-pass, flashlamp- pumped rod amplifier. The regenerative amplifier produces up to 20 mJ with better than 1% RMS stability. The passively multiplexed four-pass amplifier produces up to 2 J. The final amplifier uses a 15-cm Nd:glass disk amplifier in a six-pass configuration. Over 200 J of infrared energy is produced by the disk amplifier. A KDP Type-II/Type-II frequency tripler configuration, utilizing a dual tripler, converts the 1053-nm laser output to a wavelength of 351 nm and the ultraviolet beam is image relayed to the target chamber. Output energy stability is better than 3%. Smoothing by Spectral Dispersion and polarization smoothing have been optimized to produce a highly uniform focal spot. A distributed phase plate and aspheric lens produce a farfield spot with a measured uniformity of 8.2% RMS. Custom control software collects all data and provides the operator an intuitive interface to operate and maintain the laser.

Low energy beam transport for HIDIF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meusel, O.; Pozimski, J.; Jakob, A.; Lakatos, A.

2001-05-01

Low energy beam transport (LEBT) for a heavy ion inertial fusion (HIDIF, I. Hofmann and G. Plass, Report of the European Study Group on Heavy Ion Driven Inertial Fusion for the Period 1995-1998) facility suffers from high space charge forces and high ion mass. Space charge compensation reduces the necessary focusing force of the lenses and the radius of the beam in the LEBT, and therefrom the emittance growth due to aberrations and self fields is reduced. Gabor lenses (D. Gabor, Nature 160 (1947)) providing a stable space charge cloud for focusing and combine strong cylinder symmetric focusing with partly space charge compensation and low emittance growth. A high tolerance against source noise and current fluctuations and reduced investment costs could be other possible advantages. The proof of principle has already been demonstrated (J.A. Palkovic, Measurements on a Gabor lens for Neutralizing and Focusing a 30 keV Proton beam, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1989; J. Pozimski, P. Groß, R. Dölling and T. Weis, First experimental studies of a Gabor plasma-lens in Frankfurt, Proceedings of the 3rd EPAC Conference, Berlin, 1992). To broaden the experiences and to investigate the realisation of a LEBT concept for the HIDIF injector an experimental program using two Gabor lenses for independent variation of beam radius and envelope angel at RFQ injection was started. Therefrom the first experimental results using a double Gabor lens (DGPL) LEBT system for transporting an high perveance Xe + beam are presented and the results of numerical simulations are shown.

Adaptation, Commissioning, and Evaluation of a 3D Treatment Planning System for High-Resolution Small-Animal Irradiation

PubMed Central

Jeong, Jeho; Chen, Qing; Febo, Robert; Yang, Jie; Pham, Hai; Xiong, Jian-Ping; Zanzonico, Pat B.; Deasy, Joseph O.; Humm, John L.; Mageras, Gig S.

2016-01-01

Although spatially precise systems are now available for small-animal irradiations, there are currently limited software tools available for treatment planning for such irradiations. We report on the adaptation, commissioning, and evaluation of a 3-dimensional treatment planning system for use with a small-animal irradiation system. The 225-kV X-ray beam of the X-RAD 225Cx microirradiator (Precision X-Ray) was commissioned using both ion-chamber and radiochromic film for 10 different collimators ranging in field size from 1 mm in diameter to 40 × 40 mm2. A clinical 3-dimensional treatment planning system (Metropolis) developed at our institution was adapted to small-animal irradiation by making it compatible with the dimensions of mice and rats, modeling the microirradiator beam orientations and collimators, and incorporating the measured beam data for dose calculation. Dose calculations in Metropolis were verified by comparison with measurements in phantoms. Treatment plans for irradiation of a tumor-bearing mouse were generated with both the Metropolis and the vendor-supplied software. The calculated beam-on times and the plan evaluation tools were compared. The dose rate at the central axis ranges from 74 to 365 cGy/min depending on the collimator size. Doses calculated with Metropolis agreed with phantom measurements within 3% for all collimators. The beam-on times calculated by Metropolis and the vendor-supplied software agreed within 1% at the isocenter. The modified 3-dimensional treatment planning system provides better visualization of the relationship between the X-ray beams and the small-animal anatomy as well as more complete dosimetric information on target tissues and organs at risk. It thereby enhances the potential of image-guided microirradiator systems for evaluation of dose–response relationships and for preclinical experimentation generally. PMID:25948321

33 CFR 209.50 - Mississippi River Commission: Public observation of Commission meetings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... official Commission business, but does not include: (i) Deliberations of the Commission in determining... the meeting will be permitted, and (v) States the name and business phone number of the official who... Commission determines by a recorded vote that Commission business requires that a meeting be called at an...

78 FR 67145 - Information Collection Being Reviewed by the Federal Communications Commission Under Delegated...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-08

... shall have practical utility; the accuracy of the Commission's burden estimate; ways to enhance the...: Required to obtain or retain benefits. The statutory authority for this collections is contained in 47 U.S. C. 154(i), 157(a), 301, 303(c), 303(f), 303(g), 303(r), 308, and 309(j). Total Annul Burden: 36...

Recent advance to 3 × 10(-5) rad near diffraction-limited beam divergence of dye laser with transverse-discharge flash-lamp pumping.

PubMed

Trusov, K K

1994-02-20

A new experimental setup of a Rhodamine 6G dye laser with a transverse-discharge flash-lamp-pumping system is presented. It differs from a previous setup [Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 16, 468-471 (1989)] in that it has a larger laser beam aperture (32 mm) and higher pumping energy (1 kJ), which made it possible to test the scalability and reach near diffraction-limited laser beam divergence of 3 × 10(-5) rad FWHM at beam energy 1.4 J. The effect of spectral dispersion in the active medium and of other optical elements on the beam divergence is also discussed.

SU-E-T-145: Beam Characteristics of Flattening Filter Free Beams Including Low Dose Rate Setting

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Uehara, K; Ogata, T; Nakayama, M

2015-06-15

Purpose: In commissioning of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), it is necessary to evaluate the beam characteristics of various dose rate settings with potential to use. The aim of this study is to evaluate the beam characteristics of flattened and flattening filter free (FFF) including low dose rate setting. Methods: We used a Varian TrueBeam with Millennium 120 MLC. Both 6 and 10 MV beams with or without flattening filter were used for this study. To evaluate low-dose rate FFF beams, specially-designed leaf sequence files control out-of-field MLC leaf pair at constant dose rate ranging from 80 to 400 MU/min.more » For dose rate from 80 MU/min to the maximum usable value of all energies, beam output were measured using ionization chamber (CC04, IBA). The ionization chamber was inserted into water equivalent phantom (RT3000-New, R-tech), and the phantom was set with SAD of 100cm. The beam profiles were performed using the 2D diode array (Profiler2, Sun Nuclear). The SSD was set to 90cm and a combined 30cmx30cmx9cm phantom which consisted of solid water slabs was put on the device. All measurement were made using 100MU irradiation for 10cmx10cm jaw-defined field size with a gantry angle of 0°. Results: In all energies, the dose rate dependences with beam output and variation coefficient were within 0.2% and 0.07%, respectively. The flatness and symmetry exhibited small variations (flatness ≤0.1 point and symmetry≤0.3 point at absolute difference). Conclusion: We had studied the characteristics of flattened and FFF beam over the 80 MU/min. Our results indicated that the beam output and profiles of FFF of TrueBeam linac were highly stable at low dose rate setting.« less

PAL-XFEL soft X-ray scientific instruments and X-ray optics: First commissioning results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Sang Han; Kim, Minseok; Min, Changi-Ki; Eom, Intae; Nam, Inhyuk; Lee, Heung-Soo; Kang, Heung-Sik; Kim, Hyeong-Do; Jang, Ho Young; Kim, Seonghan; Hwang, Sun-min; Park, Gi-Soo; Park, Jaehun; Koo, Tae-Yeong; Kwon, Soonnam

2018-05-01

We report an overview of soft X-ray scientific instruments and X-ray optics at the free electron laser (FEL) of the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, with selected first-commissioning results. The FEL exhibited a pulse energy of 200 μJ/pulse, a pulse width of <50 fs full width at half maximum, and an energy bandwidth of 0.44% at a photon energy of 850 eV. Monochromator resolving power of 10 500 was achieved. The estimated total time resolution between optical laser and X-ray pulses was <270 fs. A resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectrometer was set up; its commissioning results are also reported.

Poster - Thurs Eve-21: Experience with the Velocity(TM) pre-commissioning services.

PubMed

Scora, D; Sixel, K; Mason, D; Neath, C

2008-07-01

As the first Canadian users of the Velocity™ program offered by Siemens, we would like to share our experience with the program. The Velocity program involves the measurement of the commissioning data by an independent Physics consulting company at the factory test cell. The data collected was used to model the treatment beams in our planning system in parallel with the linac delivery and installation. Beam models and a complete data book were generated for two photon energies including Virtual Wedge, physical wedge, and IMRT, and 6 electron energies at 100 and 110 cm SSD. Our final beam models are essentially the Velocity models with some minor modifications to customize the fit to our liking. Our experience with the Velocity program was very positive; the data collection was professional and efficient. It allowed us to proceed with confidence in our beam data and modeling and to spend more time on other aspects of opening a new clinic. With the assistance of the program we were able to open a three-linac clinic with Image-Guided IMRT within 4.5 months of machine delivery. © 2008 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: 180MHz Murchison Commissioning Survey (MWACS) (Hurley-Walker+, 2014)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hurley-Walker, N.; Morgan, J.; Wayth, R. B.; Hancock, P. J.; Bell, M. E.; Bernardi, G.; Bhat, N. D. R.; Briggs, F.; Deshpande, A. A.; Ewall-Wice, A.; Feng, L.; Hazelton, B. J.; Hindson, L.; Jacobs, D. C.; Kaplan, D. L.; Kudryavtseva, N.; Lenc, E.; McKinley, B.; Mitchell, D.; Pindor, B.; Procopio, P.; Oberoi, D.; Offringa, A.; Ord, S.; Riding, J.; Bowman, J. D.; Cappallo, R.; Corey, B.; Emrich, D.; Gaensler, B. M.; Goeke, R.; Greenhill, L.; Hewitt, J.; Johnston-Hollitt, M.; Kasper, J.; Kratzenberg, E.; Lonsdale, C.; Lynch, M.; McWhirter, R.; Morales, M. F.; Morgan, E.; Prabu, T.; Rogers, A.; Roshi, A.; Shankar, U.; Srivani, K.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Tingay, S.; Waterson, M.; Webster, R.; Whitney, A.; Williams, A.; Williams, C.

2014-10-01

The Murchison Widefield Array Commissioning Survey (MWACS) is a ~6100deg2 104-196MHz radio sky survey performed with the Murchison Widefield Array during instrument commissioning between 2012 September and 2012 December. The data were taken as meridian drift scans with two different 32-antenna sub-arrays that were available during the commissioning period. The data were combined in the visibility plane before being imaged, and then mosaicked. The survey covers approximately 20.5hbeam, with reduced sensitivity near the field boundaries and bright sources. The catalogue consists of flux density and spectral index measurements for 14,110 sources, extracted from the mosaics, 1,247 of which are sub-components of complexes of sources. (2 data files).

SU-E-T-509: Validation of the Use of OSLD for Carbon Beam Remote Dosimetry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Summers, P; Lowenstein, J; Alvarez, P

2014-06-01

Purpose: To describe the commissioning of Aluminum Oxide Optically Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeters (OSLD) for the use in Carbon beam remote dosimetry for centers participating in NCI-funded cooperative group clinical trials. Methods: As Carbon therapy centers express interest in participating in cooperative group clinical trials, the Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core Group (IROC) Houston QA Center (formerly RPC) is developing a way to remotely monitor the machine output of these Carbon facilities. OSLD have been commissioned for photon, electron and proton dosimetry, so an experiment was designed to commission the same dosimeters for Carbon. OSLD were irradiated in a Carbon therapymore » beam produced by the Siemens synchrotron at the Heidelberg Ion Therapy facility in Heidelberg, Germany. The OSLD were placed in acrylic phantoms, imaged with a CT scanner, and plans were developed using the Siemens treatment planning system. The OSLD were irradiated in uniform fields with maximum energies of 216, 301, and 402 MeV and at dose levels of 50, 100, 200 and 300 cGy. Results: The response of the OSLD in the Carbon beam, as compared to the Cobalt-60 reference condition, required an energy correction of 1.85 to account for the particle correction. OSLD dose calculations typically have a linearity correction to account for the change in response relative to the change in dose delivered. However, the response of the OSLD in the Carbon beam was found to be independent of the dose level; thus the linearity correction is 1.00. Conclusion: IROC Houston has commissioned OSLD for the use of remote output checks for Carbon therapy facilities to help ensure consistency across clinical trial participants. Work supported by grant CA10953 (NCI, DHHS)« less

LD-pumped erbium and neodymium lasers with high energy and output beam quality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kabanov, Vladimir V.; Bezyazychnaya, Tatiana V.; Bogdanovich, Maxim V.; Grigor'ev, Alexandr V.; Lebiadok, Yahor V.; Lepchenkov, Kirill V.; Ryabtsev, Andrew G.; Ryabtsev, Gennadii I.; Shchemelev, Maxim A.

2013-05-01

Physical and fabrication peculiarities which provide the high output energy and beam quality for the diode pumped erbium glass and Nd:YAG lasers are considered. Developed design approach allow to make passively Q-switched erbium glass eye-safe portable laser sources with output energy 8 - 12 mJ (output pulse duration is less than 25 ns, pulse repetition rate up to 5 Hz) and beam quality M2 less than 1.3. To reach these values the erbium laser pump unit parameters were optimized also. Namely, for the powerful laser diode arrays the optimal near-field fill-factor, output mirror reflectivity and heterostructure properties were determined. Construction of advanced diode and solid-state lasers as well as the optical properties of the active element and the pump unit make possible the lasing within a rather wide temperature interval (e.g. from minus forty till plus sixty Celsius degree) without application of water-based chillers. The transversally pumped Nd:YAG laser output beam uniformity was investigated depending on the active element (AE) pump conditions. In particular, to enhance the pump uniformity within AE volume, a special layer which practically doesn't absorb the pump radiation but effectively scatters the pump and lasing beams, was used. Application of such layer results in amplified spontaneous emission suppression and improvement of the laser output beam uniformity. The carried out investigations allow us to fabricate the solid-state Nd:YAG lasers (1064 nm) with the output energy up to 420 mJ at the pulse repetition rate up to 30 Hz and the output energy up to 100 mJ at the pulse repetition rate of of 100 Hz. Also the laser sources with following characteristics: 35 mJ, 30 Hz (266 nm); 60 mJ, 30 Hz (355 nm); 100 mJ, 30 Hz (532 nm) were manufactured on the base of the developed Nd:YAG quantrons.

Recent results of PADReS, the Photon Analysis Delivery and REduction System, from the FERMI FEL commissioning and user operations.

PubMed

Zangrando, Marco; Cocco, Daniele; Fava, Claudio; Gerusina, Simone; Gobessi, Riccardo; Mahne, Nicola; Mazzucco, Eric; Raimondi, Lorenzo; Rumiz, Luca; Svetina, Cristian

2015-05-01

The Photon Analysis Delivery and REduction System of FERMI (PADReS) has been routinely used during the machine commissioning and operations of FERMI since 2011. It has also served the needs of several user runs at the facility from late 2012. The system is endowed with online and shot-to-shot diagnostics giving information about intensity, spatial-angular distribution, spectral content, as well as other diagnostics to determine coherence, pulse length etc. Moreover, PADReS is capable of manipulating the beam in terms of intensity and optical parameters. Regarding the optics, besides a standard refocusing system based on an ellipsoidal mirror, the Kirkpatrick-Baez active optics systems are key elements and have been used intensively to meet users' requirements. A general description of the system is given, together with some selected results from the commissioning/operations/user beam time.

Designing and commissioning of a prototype double Laue monochromator at CHESS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ko, J. Y. Peter; Oswald, Benjamin B.; Savino, James J.; Pauling, Alan K.; Lyndaker, Aaron; Revesz, Peter; Miller, Matthew P.; Brock, Joel D.

2014-03-01

High-energy X-rays are efficiently focused sagittally by a set of asymmetric Laue (transmission) crystals. We designed, built and commissioned a prototype double Laue monochromator ((111) reflection in Si(100)) optimized for high-energy X-rays (30-60 keV). Here, we report our design of novel prototype sagittal bender and highlight results from recent characterization experiments. The design of the bender combines the tuneable bending control afforded by previous leaf-spring designs with the stability and small size of a four-bar bender. The prototype monochromator focuses a 25 mm-wide white beam incident on the first monochromator crystal to a monochromatized 0.6 mm beam waist in the experimental station. Compared to the flux in the same focal spot with the Bragg crystal (without focusing), the prototype Laue monochromator delivered 85 times more at 30 keV.

Investigation of industrial-scale carbon dioxide reduction using pulsed electron beams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Petrov, G. M.; Apruzese, J. P.; Petrova, Tz. B.

Carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas contributing to global warming. To help mitigate increasing CO{sub 2} concentrations, we investigate a method of carbon dioxide reduction using high-power electron beams, which can be used on an industrial scale. A series of experiments are conducted in which the reduction of CO{sub 2} is measured for different gas compositions and power deposition rates. An electron beam deposition model is applied to compute reduction rates of CO{sub 2} and energy cost for breaking a CO{sub 2} molecule in flue gas and pure carbon dioxide at atmospheric pressure. For flue gas consisting ofmore » 82% N{sub 2}, 6% O{sub 2}, and 12% CO{sub 2}, the calculated energy cost is 85 eV per molecule. In order to dissociate 50% of the CO{sub 2} molecules, beam energy density deposition on the order of 20 J/cm{sup 3} is required. Electron beam irradiation of 12.6 liter gas volume containing 90% CO{sub 2} and 10% CH{sub 4} at beam energy density deposition of 4.2 J/cm{sup 3}, accumulated over 43 shots in a 20 min interval, reduced the CO{sub 2} concentration to 78%. Analogous experiments with a gas mixture containing 11.5% CO{sub 2}, 11.5% CH{sub 4}, and balance of Ar, reduced the CO{sub 2} concentration to below 11% with energy deposition 0.71 J/cm{sup 3}, accumulated over 10 shots in a 5 min interval. The experimental data and the theoretical predictions of CO{sub 2} reduction using pulsed electron beams are in agreement within the experimental error. Other techniques to enhance the removal of CO{sub 2} with pulsed electron beams are also explored, yielding new possible avenues of research.« less

77 FR 65545 - Mr. Jesse S. Capel and Mr. Hilton J. Cochran; EWP LLC; Notice of Transfer of Exemption

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 4815-009] Mr. Jesse S. Capel and Mr. Hilton J. Cochran; EWP LLC; Notice of Transfer of Exemption 1. By application filed on July 30, 2012 and supplemented on August 14, 2012, Mr. Jesse S. Capel and Mr. Hilton J. Cochran and EWP...

Monte Carlo calculations in support of the commissioning of the Northeast Proton Therapy Center.

PubMed

Flanz, J; Paganetti, H

2003-12-01

Monte Carlo studies were conducted related to the design of the Northeast Proton Therapy Center (NPTC). These studies were also helpful for commissioning the beam delivery performance of the facility. The calculations included preventing proton leakage from the beam delivery nozzle, anomalies in the dose distributions and studies, which could influence future beam delivery techniques. Using simulations it was possible to reduce the proton leakage by over an order of magnitude, while minimizing the weight of the assembly. Interestingly, the thickness of the brass shielding has no influence on the secondary neutron radiation since the number of generated neutrons is almost independent of the amount of brass if the primary beam is completely stopped. Monte Carlo simulations are able to study the effect of small beam misalignments with respect to apertures in the nozzle. Such tolerances are very difficult to define experimentally. Studying the effects of nuclear interactions we showed that, if the dose distributions would be optimized theoretically using the primary proton dose alone, there would be about a 5 % dose increase at the proximal end of a SOBP. In radiobiology studies we found that the RBE at beam entrance increases due to the build-up of the secondary particle fluence.

Virtual commissioning of automated micro-optical assembly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schlette, Christian; Losch, Daniel; Haag, Sebastian; Zontar, Daniel; Roßmann, Jürgen; Brecher, Christian

2015-02-01

In this contribution, we present a novel approach to enable virtual commissioning for process developers in micro-optical assembly. Our approach aims at supporting micro-optics experts to effectively develop assisted or fully automated assembly solutions without detailed prior experience in programming while at the same time enabling them to easily implement their own libraries of expert schemes and algorithms for handling optical components. Virtual commissioning is enabled by a 3D simulation and visualization system in which the functionalities and properties of automated systems are modeled, simulated and controlled based on multi-agent systems. For process development, our approach supports event-, state- and time-based visual programming techniques for the agents and allows for their kinematic motion simulation in combination with looped-in simulation results for the optical components. First results have been achieved for simply switching the agents to command the real hardware setup after successful process implementation and validation in the virtual environment. We evaluated and adapted our system to meet the requirements set by industrial partners-- laser manufacturers as well as hardware suppliers of assembly platforms. The concept is applied to the automated assembly of optical components for optically pumped semiconductor lasers and positioning of optical components for beam-shaping

Fatigue Testing of Maglev-Hybrid Box Beam

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-02

04142009 3. DATES COVERED: (From - To) 23052006-14092008 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Fatigue Testing of Maglev -Hybrid Box Beam 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER NA...was previously built under collaboration between Maglev Inc. and Lehigh University. The girder was instrumented with strain gages and LVDT’s to monitor...report March 2,2009 Contract N00014-06-1-0872 Project: Fatigue Testing of Maglev -Hybrid Box Beam Prepared by Dr. J.L. Grenestedt and Dr. R. Sause

Supersonic Molecular Beam Optical Stark Spectroscopy of MnH.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gengler, Jamie; Ma, Tongmei; Harrison, Jeremy; Steimle, Timothy

2006-03-01

The large moment of inertia, large magnetic moment, and possible large permanent electric dipole moment of manganese monohydride, MnH, makes it a prime candidate for ultra-cold molecule production via Stark deceleration and magnetic trapping. Here we report the first molecular beam production of MnH and the analysis of the Stark effect in the (0,0) A^7 π -- X^ 7σ^+ band. The sample was prepared by laser ablation of solid Mn in an H2 supersonic expansion. The low rotational temperature (<50 K) and near natural linewidth resolution (˜50 MHz) facilitated analysis of the ^55Mn (I=5/2) and ^1H (I=1/2) hyperfine structure. A comparison of the derived field-free parameters with those obtained from sub- Doppler optical measurements will be made. Progress on the analysis of the Stark effect will be given. J.R. Bochinski, E.R. Hudson, H.J. Lewandowski, and J. Ye, Phys. Rev. A 70, 043410 (2004). S.Y.T. van de Meerakker, R.T. Jongma, H.L. Bethlem, and G. Meijer, Phys. Rev. A 64, 041401(R) (2001) report the first molecular beam production of MnH and the analysis of T.D. Varberg, J.A. Gray, R.W. Field, and A.J. Merer, J. Mol. Spec. 156, 296-318 (1992). I.E. Gordon, D.R.T. Appadoo, A. Shayesteh, K.A. Walker, and P.F. Bernath, J. Mol. Spec., 229, 145-149 (2005).

Beam measurements using visible synchrotron light at NSLS2 storage ring

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cheng, Weixing, E-mail: chengwx@bnl.gov; Bacha, Bel; Singh, Om

2016-07-27

Visible Synchrotron Light Monitor (SLM) diagnostic beamline has been designed and constructed at NSLS2 storage ring, to characterize the electron beam profile at various machine conditions. Due to the excellent alignment, SLM beamline was able to see the first visible light when beam was circulating the ring for the first turn. The beamline has been commissioned for the past year. Besides a normal CCD camera to monitor the beam profile, streak camera and gated camera are used to measure the longitudinal and transverse profile to understand the beam dynamics. Measurement results from these cameras will be presented in this paper.more » A time correlated single photon counting system (TCSPC) has also been setup to measure the single bunch purity.« less

WE-AB-201-02: TPS Commissioning and QA: A Process Orientation and Application of Control Charts

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sharpe, M.

discussed. The recommendations of MPPG #5 and practical implementation strategies (Jennifer Smilowitz) The recently published recommendations from Task Group No. 244, Medical Physics Practice Guideline on Commissioning and QA of Treatment Planning Dose Calculations: Megavoltage Photon and Electron Beams will be presented. The recommendations focus on the validation of commissioning data and dose calculations. Tolerance values for non-IMRT beam configurations are summarized based on established criteria and data collected by the IROC. More stringent evaluation criteria for IMRT dose calculations are suggested to test the limitations of the TPS dose algorithms for advanced delivery conditions. The MPPG encourages users to create a suite of validation tests for dose calculation for various conditions for static photon beams, heterogeneities, IMRT/VMAT and electron beams. This test suite is intended to be used for subsequent testing, including TPS software upgrades. In the past, the recommendations of some reports have not been widely implemented due to practical limitations. Implementation strategies, tools and processes developed by multiple centers for efficient and “do-able” MPPG #5 testing will be presented, as well as a discussion on the overall validation experience. Learning Objectives: Identify some of the key documents relevant for TPS commissioning and QA Understand strategies for testing TPS software Gain a practical knowledge of the Gamma test criteria Increase familiarity with the process of commissioning a TPS Learn about the use of Control Charts for TPS QA Review the role of the TPS in the overall planning process Increase awareness of the link between TPS QA and chart checking Gain an increased appreciation for the importance of interdisciplinary communication Understand the new recommendations from MPPG #5 on TPS Dose Algorithm Commissioning and QC/QA Learn practical implementation processes and tools for MPPG #5 validation recommendations.« less

Direct estimation of human trabecular bone stiffness using cone beam computed tomography.

PubMed

Klintström, Eva; Klintström, Benjamin; Pahr, Dieter; Brismar, Torkel B; Smedby, Örjan; Moreno, Rodrigo

2018-04-10

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of estimating the biomechanical properties of trabecular bone through finite element simulations by using dental cone beam computed tomography data. Fourteen human radius specimens were scanned in 3 cone beam computed tomography devices: 3-D Accuitomo 80 (J. Morita MFG., Kyoto, Japan), NewTom 5 G (QR Verona, Verona, Italy), and Verity (Planmed, Helsinki, Finland). The imaging data were segmented by using 2 different methods. Stiffness (Young modulus), shear moduli, and the size and shape of the stiffness tensor were studied. Corresponding evaluations by using micro-CT were regarded as the reference standard. The 3-D Accuitomo 80 (J. Morita MFG., Kyoto, Japan) showed good performance in estimating stiffness and shear moduli but was sensitive to the choice of segmentation method. NewTom 5 G (QR Verona, Verona, Italy) and Verity (Planmed, Helsinki, Finland) yielded good correlations, but they were not as strong as Accuitomo 80 (J. Morita MFG., Kyoto, Japan). The cone beam computed tomography devices overestimated both stiffness and shear compared with the micro-CT estimations. Finite element-based calculations of biomechanics from cone beam computed tomography data are feasible, with strong correlations for the Accuitomo 80 scanner (J. Morita MFG., Kyoto, Japan) combined with an appropriate segmentation method. Such measurements might be useful for predicting implant survival by in vivo estimations of bone properties. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Radiation torque on an absorptive spherical drop centered on an acoustic helicoidal Bessel beam

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Likun; Marston, Philip L.

2009-11-01

Circularly polarized electromagnetic waves carry axial angular momentum and analysis shows that the axial radiation torque on an illuminated sphere is proportional to the power absorbed by the sphere [1]. Helicoidal acoustic beams also carry axial angular momentum and absorption of such a beam should also produce an axial radiation torque [2]. In the present work the acoustic radiation torque on solid spheres and spherical drops centered on acoustic helicoidal Bessel beams is examined. The torque is predicted to be proportional to the ratio of the absorbed power to the acoustic frequency. Depending on the beam helicity, the torque is parallel or anti-parallel to the beam axis. The analysis uses a relation between the scattering and the partial wave coefficients for a sphere in a helicoidal Bessel beam. Calculations suggest that beams with a low topological charge are more efficient for generating torques on solid spheres.[4pt] [1] P. L. Marston and J. H. Crichton, Phys. Rev. A. 30, 2508-2516 (1984).[0pt] [2] B. T. Hefner and P. L. Marston, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106, 3313-3316 (1999).

Commissioning MMS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wood, Paul; Gramling, Cheryl; Stone, John; Smith, Patrick; Reiter, Jenifer

2016-01-01

This paper discusses commissioning of NASAs Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS) Mission. The mission includes four identical spacecraft with a large, complex set of instrumentation. The planning for and execution of commissioning for this mission is described. The paper concludes by discussing lessons learned.

Transverse profile of the electron beam for the RHIC electron lenses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gu, X.; Altinbas, Z.; Costanzo, M.; Fischer, W.; Gassner, D. M.; Hock, J.; Luo, Y.; Miller, T.; Tan, Y.; Thieberger, P.; Montag, C.; Pikin, A. I.

2015-10-01

The transverse profile of the electron beam plays a very important role in assuring the success of the electron lens beam-beam compensation, as well as its application in space charge compensation. To compensate for the beam-beam effect in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, we recently installed and commissioned two electron lenses. In this paper, we describe, via theory and simulations using the code Parmela, the evolution of the density of the electron beam with space charge within an electron lens from the gun to the main solenoid. Our theoretical analysis shows that the change in the beam transverse density is dominated by the effects of the space charge induced longitudinal velocity reduction, not by those of transverse Coulomb collisions. We detail the transverse profile of RHIC electron-lens beam, measured via the YAG screen and pinhole detector, and also describe its profile that we assessed from the signal of the electron-backscatter detector (eBSD) via scanning the electron beam with respect to the RHIC beam. We verified, in simulations and experiments, that the distribution of the transverse electron beam is Gaussian throughout its propagation in the RHIC electron lens.

47 CFR 1.103 - Effective dates of Commission actions; finality of Commission actions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Effective dates of Commission actions; finality of Commission actions. 1.103 Section 1.103 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION... Actions Taken by the Commission and Pursuant to Delegated Authority; Effective Dates and Finality Dates of...

47 CFR 1.103 - Effective dates of Commission actions; finality of Commission actions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effective dates of Commission actions; finality of Commission actions. 1.103 Section 1.103 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION... Actions Taken by the Commission and Pursuant to Delegated Authority; Effective Dates and Finality Dates of...

Two and Three Beam Pumped Optical Parametric Amplifier of Chirped Pulses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ališauskas, S.; Butkus, R.; Pyragaitė, V.; Smilgevičius, V.; Stabinis, A.; Piskarskas, A.

2010-04-01

We present two and three beam pumped optical parametric amplifier of broadband chirped pulses. The seed pulses from Ti:sapphire oscillator were stretched and amplified in a non-collinear geometry pumping with up to three beams derived from independent laser amplifiers. The signal with ˜90 nm bandwidth was amplified up to 0.72 mJ. The conversion efficiency dependence on intersection angles of pump beams is also revealed.

Audit of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission`s Office of Chief Accountant

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1995-04-07

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission`s (Commission) mission is to oversee America`s natural gas and oil pipeline transportation, electric utility, and hydroelectric power industries to ensure that consumers receive adequate energy supplies at just and reasonable rates. To carry out this mission, the Commission issues regulations covering the accounting, reporting, and rate-making requirements of the regulated utility companies. The Commission`s Office of Chief Accountant performs financial related audits at companies to ensure compliance with these regulations. The purpose of this audit was to evaluate the office of Chief Accountant`s audit performance. Specifically, the objectives were to determine if the most appropriatemore » audit approach was used and if a quality assurance process was in place to ensure reports were accurate and supported by the working papers.« less

Commissioning and initial operation of the Isotope Production Facility at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE).

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Johnson, K. F.; Alvestad, H. W.; Barkley, W. C.

The recently completed 100-MeV H{sup +} Isotope Production Facility (IPF) at the LANSCE will provide radioisotopes for medical research and diagnosis, for basic research and for commercial use. A change to the LANSCE accelerator facility allowed for the installation of the IPF. Three components make up the LANSCE accelerator: an injector that accelerates the H{sup +} beam to 750-KeV, a drift-tube linac (DTL) that increases the beam energy to 100-MeV, and a side-coupled cavity linac (SCCL) that accelerates the beam to 800-MeV. The transition region, a space between the DTL and the SCCL, was modified to permit the insertion ofmore » a kicker magnet (23{sup o} kick angle) for the purpose of extracting a portion of the 100-MeV H{sup +} beam. A new beam line was installed to transport the extracted H{sup +} beam to the radioisotope production target chamber. This paper will describe the commissioning and initial operating experiences of IPF.« less

Walking beam furnace well-way slot covers at Rouge Steel

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Campbell, F. Jr.; Meinzinger, A.D.; Faust, C.H.

1993-07-01

Rouge Steel's 68-in. hot strip mill is served by three walking beam slab reheat furnaces. The first two were commissioned in 1974 and the third was installed in 1980. During the period 1979 to 1981, an intensive plant-wide energy management program to reduce energy consumption was undertaken. A major part of that program involved a comprehensive upgrading of refractory and insulation systems utilized in the walking beam reheat furnaces. A durable system for reducing heat losses through the well-way floor openings associated with walking beam slab reheat furnaces has, in addition to 4 to 5% savings in fuel consumption, reducedmore » maintenance costs. Payback is achieved in four to five months.« less

Superconducting Ring Cyclotron for Riken RI Beam Factory in Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Okuno, H.; Dantsuka, T.; Yamada, K.; Kase, M.; Maie, T.; Kamigaito, O.

2010-04-01

Since 1997, RIKEN Nishina Center has been constructing the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF) and succeeded in beam commissioning of its accelerator complex at the end of 2006. The world's first superconducting ring cyclotron (SRC) is the final booster in the RIBF accelerator complex which is able to accelerate all-element heavy ions to a speed of about 70% of the velocity of light. The ring cyclotron consists of 6 major superconducting sector magnets with a maximum field of 3.8 T. The total stored energy is 235 MJ, and its overall sizes are 19 m diameter, 8 m height and 8,300 tons. The magnet system assembly was completed in August 2005, and successfully reached the maximum field in November 2005. The first beam was extracted at the end of 2006 and the first uranium beam was extracted in March 2007. However operation of the helium refrigerator was not satisfactory although the commissioning of SRC was successful. Operation was stopped every two month due to degradation of its cooling power. In February 2008 the reason of the degradation was revealed to be oil contamination. Operation of the cryogenic system was restarted from August 2008 after hard task to clean up the helium refrigerator and to add oil separators to the compressor. After restoration long-term steady operation to keep the magnet superconducting continued for about 8 months with no sign of degradation of cooling capacity.

Determination of gyrA and parC mutations and prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in Iran.

PubMed

Mirzaii, Mehdi; Jamshidi, Sanaz; Zamanzadeh, Maryam; Marashifard, Masoud; Malek Hosseini, Seyed Ali Asghar; Haeili, Mehri; Jahanbin, Fariba; Mansouri, Fariba; Darban-Sarokhalil, Davood; Khoramrooz, Seyed Sajjad

2018-06-01

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are recommended as the drugs of choice for the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study investigated the molecular determinants of FQ resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Iran. A total of 364 clinical isolates of E. coli (n=144) and K. pneumoniae (n=220) were collected from patients with UTI. Susceptibility of the isolates to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin and nalidixic acid was evaluated by disk diffusion. The presence of qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes was assessed by PCR. Nucleotide sequences of the gyrA and parC genes were determined. Eighty-seven (60.4%) and 15 (6.8%) E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively, were resistant to at least one of the tested FQs. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes were detected in 12.6% and 60.0% of FQ-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively. Whilst qnrB predominated in K. pneumoniae, qnrS was the most prevalent PMQR gene in E. coli. S83L (98.9%) and D87N (59.8%) were the most frequent mutations identified in GyrA of E. coli, and 55.2% (n=48) of FQ-resistant E. coli isolates had mutation in ParC harbouring S80I and E84V substitutions. The GyrAS83L substitution was found in only one FQ-resistant K. pneumoniae isolate. FQ resistance was much more common in E. coli isolates than in K. pneumoniae. Whilst mutations in the drug target-encoding genes gyrA and parC were the major mechanisms involved in FQ resistance in E. coli, PMQR determinants commonly mediated FQ resistance in K. pneumoniae. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Beam shaping assembly optimization for (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be accelerator based BNCT.

PubMed

Minsky, D M; Kreiner, A J

2014-06-01

Within the framework of accelerator-based BNCT, a project to develop a folded Tandem-ElectroStatic-Quadrupole accelerator is under way at the Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina. The proposed accelerator is conceived to deliver a proton beam of 30mA at about 2.5MeV. In this work we explore a Beam Shaping Assembly (BSA) design based on the (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be neutron production reaction to obtain neutron beams to treat deep seated tumors. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Launching and controlling Gaussian beams from point sources via planar transformation media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Odabasi, Hayrettin; Sainath, Kamalesh; Teixeira, Fernando L.

2018-02-01

Based on operations prescribed under the paradigm of complex transformation optics (CTO) [F. Teixeira and W. Chew, J. Electromagn. Waves Appl. 13, 665 (1999), 10.1163/156939399X01104; F. L. Teixeira and W. C. Chew, Int. J. Numer. Model. 13, 441 (2000), 10.1002/1099-1204(200009/10)13:5%3C441::AID-JNM376%3E3.0.CO;2-J; H. Odabasi, F. L. Teixeira, and W. C. Chew, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 28, 1317 (2011), 10.1364/JOSAB.28.001317; B.-I. Popa and S. A. Cummer, Phys. Rev. A 84, 063837 (2011), 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.063837], it was recently shown in [G. Castaldi, S. Savoia, V. Galdi, A. Alù, and N. Engheta, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 173901 (2013), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.173901] that a complex source point (CSP) can be mimicked by parity-time (PT ) transformation media. Such coordinate transformation has a mirror symmetry for the imaginary part, and results in a balanced loss/gain metamaterial slab. A CSP produces a Gaussian beam and, consequently, a point source placed at the center of such a metamaterial slab produces a Gaussian beam propagating away from the slab. Here, we extend the CTO analysis to nonsymmetric complex coordinate transformations as put forth in [S. Savoia, G. Castaldi, and V. Galdi, J. Opt. 18, 044027 (2016), 10.1088/2040-8978/18/4/044027] and verify that, by using simply a (homogeneous) doubly anisotropic gain-media metamaterial slab, one can still mimic a CSP and produce Gaussian beam. In addition, we show that a Gaussian-like beams can be produced by point sources placed outside the slab as well. By making use of the extra degrees of freedom (the real and imaginary parts of the coordinate transformation) provided by CTO, the near-zero requirement on the real part of the resulting constitutive parameters can be relaxed to facilitate potential realization of Gaussian-like beams. We illustrate how beam properties such as peak amplitude and waist location can be controlled by a proper choice of (complex-valued) CTO Jacobian elements. In particular, the beam waist

Accelerating Radioactive Ion Beams With REX-ISOLDE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ames, F.; Emhofer, S.; Habs, D.

2003-08-26

The post accelerator REX-ISOLDE is installed at the ISOLDE facility at CERN, where a broad variety of radioactive ions can be addressed. Since the end of 2001 beams at the final energy of 2.2 MeV/u are available. REX-ISOLDE uses a unique system of beam bunching and charge breeding. First a Penning trap accumulates and bunches the ions, which are delivered as a quasi-continuous beam from the ISOLDE target-ion-source, and then an electron beam ion source (EBIS) charge-breeds them to a mass-to-charge ratio below 4.5. This enables a very compact design for the following LINAC, consisting of a 4 rod RFQ,more » an IH structure and three 7-gap-resonators. The later ones allow a variation of the final energy between 0.8 and 2.2 MeV/u. Although the machine is still in the commissioning phase, first physics experiments have been done with neutron rich Na and Mg isotopes and 9Li. A total efficiency of several percent has already been obtained.« less

Laboratory Experiments Enabling Electron Beam use in Tenuous Space Plasmas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miars, G.; Leon, O.; Gilchrist, B. E.; Delzanno, G. L.; Castello, F. L.; Borovsky, J.

2017-12-01

A mission concept is under development which involves firing a spacecraft-mounted electron beam from Earth's magnetosphere to connect distant magnetic field lines in real time. To prevent excessive spacecraft charging and consequent beam return, the spacecraft must be neutralized in the tenuous plasma environment of the magnetosphere. Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulations suggest neutralization can be accomplished by emitting a neutral plasma with the electron beam. Interpretation of these simulations also led to an ion emission model in which ion current is emitted from a quasi-neutral plasma as defined by the space charge limit [1,2]. Experiments were performed at the University of Michigan's Plasmadynamics and Electric Propulsion Laboratory (PEPL) to help validate the ion emission model. A hollow cathode plasma contactor was used as a representative spacecraft and charged with respect to the chamber walls to examine the effect of spacecraft charging on ion emission. Retarding Potential Analyzer (RPA) measurements were performed to understand ion flow velocity as this parameter relates directly to the expected space charge limit. Planar probe measurements were also made to identify where ion emission primarily occurred and to determine emission current density levels. Evidence of collisions within the plasma (particularly charge exchange collisions) and a simple model predicting emitted ion velocities are presented. While a detailed validation of the ion emission model and of the simulation tools used in [1,2] is ongoing, these measurements add to the physical understanding of ion emission as it may occur in the magnetosphere. 1. G.L. Delzanno, J.E. Borovsky, M.F. Thomsen, J.D. Moulton, and E.A. MacDonald, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics 120, 3647, 2015. 2. G.L. Delzanno, J.E. Borovsky, M.F. Thomsen, and J.D. Moulton, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics 120, 3588, 2015. ________________________________ * This work is supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Polarized light scattering by macromolecular self-assembly of J-aggregates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rebane, Aleksander; Mikhaylov, Alexander

2018-02-01

We have recently reported that by sending a tightly collimated (0.05 - 2 mm diameter) red- or near-IR laser beam through an aqueous solution of pseudoisocyanine (PIC) J-aggregates, a macroscopic tube-like structure is formed surrounding the laser beam on the time scale of minutes. This self-assembled structure is comprised of heterogeneous material containing micrometer-size rod-like strands or microcrystals. Because the illumination wavelength is far redshifted from the linear absorption range of the PIC and J-aggregates, the self-assembly is likely induced by some very weak background absorption or dissipation. Furthermore, strong correlation of the effect with the characteristic Jaggregate peak in the absorption spectrum and critical dependence of the "tube" formation on pH of the solution indicate molecular charge related non-equilibrium nature of the underlying mechanism. Most interestingly, the structure formation is accompanied by strongly polarized scattering. When observed between crossed polarizers, the angular intensity distribution of the scattered light resembles Maltese cross figure, indicating that the scattering rods are arranged in a circular pattern around the beam axis direction. It appears that the illumination is creating in the medium a radially directed gradient of either concentration-, temperature- or other type of parameter that controls the microcrystal formation.

Neutral Beam Driven Neoclassical Transport in NSTX

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Houlberg, W. A.; Shaing, K. C.; Callen, J. D.

2002-11-01

We re-examine the particle and heat flows driven by neutral beam injection in tokamak plasmas. These appear as inward pinches for co-injection and outward for counter injection. We derive the parallel friction and heat friction forces exerted on the thermal species by the energetic beam ions by extending the early analysis of Callen, et al. [1], which are then used as external forces in the moments formulation of neoclassical transport in NCLASS [2]. NCLASS is based on the multiple species treatment of Hirshman and Sigmar [3]. Of particular interest is the ion energy flux driven by the heat friction term. It scales as the beam energy, while the particle and electron heat terms scale as the thermal plasma temperature. In NSTX the high beam energy to plasma temperature ratio may lead to a net negative ion heat flux with strong co-injection. Limtations to the theory, such as the large fast ion orbit size relative to the radius of the flux surface, are discussed. Comparisons are made with earlier works by Hinton and Kim [4] and Stacey [5], who evaluated only the beam-thermal friction. [1] J.D. Callen, et al, 5th IAEA, Tokyo (1974), Vol 1, 645 [2] W.A. Houlberg, K.C. Shaing, S.P. Hirshman, M.C. Zarnstorff, Phys. Plasmas 4 (1997) 3230 [3] S.P. Hirshman, D.J. Sigmar, Nucl. Fusion 21 (1981) 1079 [4] F.L. Hinton, Y.-B. Kim, Phys. Fluids B 5 (1993) 3012 [5] W.M. Stacey, Phys. Fluids B 5 (1993) 4505

Cluster Beam Deposition of High Temperature Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

include Secur y Classifocation) CLUSTER BEAM DEPOSITION OF HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS 12 . PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) William J. Herron and James F. Garvey 13a TYPE... industria - applications (su:erconducting thin films, diamond-liKe !arbn,. films, patterned or multi-layered thin films, etc...) INT RODIU C’I 1 Recently there...Tne path of the expanc~ nr gas pulse passes perpendicularly (left to right in tne figure) over the surface of the target rod. I I Laser Beam-I I I Lens

Building Commissioning

Science.gov Websites

Berkeley Lab logo Home > Building Commissioning A Golden Opportunity for Reducing Energy Costs and Greenhouse-Gas Emissions The need for commissioning The map is not the territory. Building . Deficiencies such as design flaws, construction defects, and malfunctioning equipment have a host of

1-J white-light continuum from 100-TW laser pulses

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Petit, Yannick; Henin, Stefano; Bejot, Pierre

2011-01-15

We experimentally measured the supercontinuum generation using 3-J, 30-fs laser pulses and measured white-light generation at the level of 1 J. Such high energy is allowed by a strong contribution to the continuum by the photon bath, as compared to the self-guided filaments. This contribution due to the recently observed congestion of the filament number density in the beam profile at very high intensity also results in a wider broadening for positively chirped pulses rather than for negatively chirped ones, similar to broadening in hollow-core fibers.

Adaptive electron beam shaping using a photoemission gun and spatial light modulator

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maxson, Jared; Lee, Hyeri; Bartnik, Adam C.

The need for precisely defined beam shapes in photoelectron sources has been well established. In this paper, we use a spatial light modulator and simple shaping algorithm to create arbitrary, detailed transverse laser shapes with high fidelity. We transmit this shaped laser to the photocathode of a high voltage dc gun. Using beam currents where space charge is negligible, and using an imaging solenoid and fluorescent viewscreen, we show that the resultant beam shape preserves these detailed features with similar fidelity. Next, instead of transmitting a shaped laser profile, we use an active feedback on the unshaped electron beam imagemore » to create equally accurate and detailed shapes. We demonstrate that this electron beam feedback has the added advantage of correcting for electron optical aberrations, yielding shapes without skew. The method may serve to provide precisely defined electron beams for low current target experiments, space-charge dominated beam commissioning, as well as for online adaptive correction of photocathode quantum efficiency degradation.« less

Adaptive electron beam shaping using a photoemission gun and spatial light modulator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maxson, Jared; Lee, Hyeri; Bartnik, Adam C.; Kiefer, Jacob; Bazarov, Ivan

2015-02-01

The need for precisely defined beam shapes in photoelectron sources has been well established. In this paper, we use a spatial light modulator and simple shaping algorithm to create arbitrary, detailed transverse laser shapes with high fidelity. We transmit this shaped laser to the photocathode of a high voltage dc gun. Using beam currents where space charge is negligible, and using an imaging solenoid and fluorescent viewscreen, we show that the resultant beam shape preserves these detailed features with similar fidelity. Next, instead of transmitting a shaped laser profile, we use an active feedback on the unshaped electron beam image to create equally accurate and detailed shapes. We demonstrate that this electron beam feedback has the added advantage of correcting for electron optical aberrations, yielding shapes without skew. The method may serve to provide precisely defined electron beams for low current target experiments, space-charge dominated beam commissioning, as well as for online adaptive correction of photocathode quantum efficiency degradation.

Adaptive electron beam shaping using a photoemission gun and spatial light modulator

DOE PAGES

Maxson, Jared; Lee, Hyeri; Bartnik, Adam C.; ...

2015-02-01

The need for precisely defined beam shapes in photoelectron sources has been well established. In this paper, we use a spatial light modulator and simple shaping algorithm to create arbitrary, detailed transverse laser shapes with high fidelity. We transmit this shaped laser to the photocathode of a high voltage dc gun. Using beam currents where space charge is negligible, and using an imaging solenoid and fluorescent viewscreen, we show that the resultant beam shape preserves these detailed features with similar fidelity. Next, instead of transmitting a shaped laser profile, we use an active feedback on the unshaped electron beam imagemore » to create equally accurate and detailed shapes. We demonstrate that this electron beam feedback has the added advantage of correcting for electron optical aberrations, yielding shapes without skew. The method may serve to provide precisely defined electron beams for low current target experiments, space-charge dominated beam commissioning, as well as for online adaptive correction of photocathode quantum efficiency degradation.« less

Thermal imaging diagnostics of high-current electron beams.

PubMed

Pushkarev, A; Kholodnaya, G; Sazonov, R; Ponomarev, D

2012-10-01

The thermal imaging diagnostics of measuring pulsed electron beam energy density is presented. It provides control of the electron energy spectrum and a measure of the density distribution of the electron beam cross section, the spatial distribution of electrons with energies in the selected range, and the total energy of the electron beam. The diagnostics is based on the thermal imager registration of the imaging electron beam thermal print in a material with low bulk density and low thermal conductivity. Testing of the thermal imaging diagnostics has been conducted on a pulsed electron accelerator TEU-500. The energy of the electrons was 300-500 keV, the density of the electron current was 0.1-0.4 kA/cm(2), the duration of the pulse (at half-height) was 60 ns, and the energy in the pulse was up to 100 J. To register the thermal print, a thermal imager Fluke-Ti10 was used. Testing showed that the sensitivity of a typical thermal imager provides the registration of a pulsed electron beam heat pattern within one pulse with energy density over 0.1 J/cm(2) (or with current density over 10 A/cm(2), pulse duration of 60 ns and electron energy of 400 keV) with the spatial resolution of 0.9-1 mm. In contrast to the method of using radiosensitive (dosimetric) materials, thermal imaging diagnostics does not require either expensive consumables, or plenty of processing time.

ADVANCEMENT OF THE RHIC BEAM ABORT KICKER SYSTEM.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

ZHANG,W.AHRENS,L.MI,J.OERTER,B.SANDBERG,J.WARBURTON,D.

2003-05-12

As one of the most critical system for RHIC operation, the beam abort kicker system has to be highly available, reliable, and stable for the entire operating range. Along with the RHIC commission and operation, consistent efforts have been spend to cope with immediate issues as well as inherited design issues. Major design changes have been implemented to achieve the higher operating voltage, longer high voltage hold-off time, fast retriggering and redundant triggering, and improved system protection, etc. Recent system test has demonstrated for the first time that both blue ring and yellow ring beam abort systems have achieved moremore » than 24 hours hold off time at desired operating voltage. In this paper, we report break down, thyratron reverse arcing, and to build a fast re-trigger system to reduce beam spreading in event of premature discharge.« less

Deuteron Beam Source Based on Mather Type Plasma Focus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lim, L. K.; Yap, S. L.; Wong, C. S.; Zakaullah, M.

2013-04-01

A 3 kJ Mather type plasma focus system filled with deuterium gas is operated at pressure lower than 1 mbar. Operating the plasma focus in a low pressure regime gives a consistent ion beam which can make the plasma focus a reliable ion beam source. In our case, this makes a good deuteron beam source, which can be utilized for neutron generation by coupling a suitable target. This paper reports ion beam measurements obtained at the filling pressure of 0.05-0.5 mbar. Deuteron beam energy is measured by time of flight technique using three biased ion collectors. The ion beam energy variation with the filling pressure is investigated. Deuteron beam of up to 170 keV are obtained with the strongest deuteron beam measured at 0.1 mbar, with an average energy of 80 keV. The total number of deuterons per shot is in the order of 1018 cm-2.

SU-F-T-551: Beam Hardening and Attenuation of Photon Beams Using Integral Quality Monitor in Radiotherapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Casar, B; Carot, I Mendez; Peterlin, P

2016-06-15

Purpose: Aim of the multi-centre study was to analyse beam hardening effect of the Integral Quality Monitor (IQM) for high energy photon beams used in radiotherapy with linear accelerators. Generic values for attenuation coefficient k(IQM) of IQM system were additionally investigated. Methods: Beam hardening effect of the IQM system was studied for a set of standard nominal photon energies (6 MV–18 MV) and two flattening filter free (FFF) energies (6 MV FFF and 10 MV FFF). PDD curves were measured and analysed for various square radiation fields, with and without IQM in place. Differences between PDD curves were statistically analysedmore » through comparison of respective PDD-20,10 values. Attenuation coefficients k(IQM) were determined for the same range of photon energies. Results: Statistically significant differences in beam qualities for all evaluated high energy photon beams were found, comparing PDD-20,10 values derived from PDD curves with and without IQM in place. Significance of beam hardening effect was statistically proven with high confidence (p < 0,01) for all analysed photon beams except for 15 MV (p = 0,078), although relative differences in beam qualities were minimal, ranging from 0,1 % to 0,5 %. Attenuation of the IQM system showed negligible dependence on radiation field size. However, clinically important dependence of kIQM versus TPRs20,10 was found: 0,941 for 6 MV photon beams, to 0,959 for 18 MV photon beams, with highest uncertainty below 0,006. k(IQM) versus TPRs were tabulated and polynomial equation for the determination of k(IQM) is suggested for clinical use. Conclusion: There was no clinically relevant beam hardening, when IQM system was on linear accelerators. Consequently, no additional commissioning is needed for the IQM system regarding the determination of beam qualities. Generic values for k(IQM) are proposed and can be used as tray factors for complete range of examined photon beam energies.« less

SU-E-T-435: Development and Commissioning of a Complete System for In-Vivo Dosimetry and Range Verification in Proton Therapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Samuel, D; Testa, M; Park, Y

Purpose: In-vivo dose and beam range verification in proton therapy could play significant roles in proton treatment validation and improvements. Invivo beam range verification, in particular, could enable new treatment techniques one of which, for example, could be the use of anterior fields for prostate treatment instead of opposed lateral fields as in current practice. We have developed and commissioned an integrated system with hardware, software and workflow protocols, to provide a complete solution, simultaneously for both in-vivo dosimetry and range verification for proton therapy. Methods: The system uses a matrix of diodes, up to 12 in total, but separablemore » into three groups for flexibility in application. A special amplifier was developed to capture extremely small signals from very low proton beam current. The software was developed within iMagX, a general platform for image processing in radiation therapy applications. The range determination exploits the inherent relationship between the internal range modulation clock of the proton therapy system and the radiological depth at the point of measurement. The commissioning of the system, for in-vivo dosimetry and for range verification was separately conducted using anthropomorphic phantom. EBT films and TLDs were used for dose comparisons and range scan of the beam distal fall-off was used as ground truth for range verification. Results: For in-vivo dose measurement, the results were in agreement with TLD and EBT films and were within 3% from treatment planning calculations. For range verification, a precision of 0.5mm is achieved in homogeneous phantoms, and a precision of 2mm for anthropomorphic pelvic phantom, except at points with significant range mixing. Conclusion: We completed the commissioning of our system for in-vivo dosimetry and range verification in proton therapy. The results suggest that the system is ready for clinical trials on patient.« less

Alaska Seismic Hazards Safety Commission

Science.gov Websites

State Employees ASHSC State of Alaska search Alaska Seismic Hazards Safety Commission View of Anchorage and Commissions Alaska Seismic Hazards Safety Commission (ASHSC) main contant Alaska Seismic Hazards Safety Commission logo Alaska Seismic Hazards Safety Commission (ASHSC) - Mission The Alaska Seismic

Commissioning a Megawatt-class Gyrotron with Collector Potential Depression

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lohr, J.; Cengher, M.; Gorelov, Y. A.; Ponce, D.; Prater, R.

2013-10-01

A 110 GHz depressed collector gyrotron has been installed on the DIII-D tokamak. The commissioning process rapidly achieved operation at full parameters, 45 A and 94 kV total voltage, with 29 kV depression. Although short pulse, 2 ms, factory testing demonstrated 1.2 MW at 41% electrical efficiency, long pulse testing at DIII-D achieved only 33% efficiency at full power parameters, for pulse lengths up to 10 s. Maximum generated power was ~950 kW, considerably below the 1.2 MW target. During attempts to increase the power at 5 s pulse length, it was noted that the collector cooling water was boiling. This led to the discovery that 14 of the 160 cooling channels in the collector had been blocked by braze material during manufacture of the tube. The locations of blocked channels were identified using infrared imaging of the outside of the collector during rapid changes in the cooling water temperature. Despite these difficulties, the rf beam itself was of very high quality and the stray rf found calorimetrically in the Matching Optics Unit, which couples the Gaussian rf beam to the waveguide, was only 2% of the generated power, about half that of our previous best quality high power beam. Details of the power measurements and collector observations will be presented. Work supported by the US DOE under DE-FC02-04ER54698.

47 CFR 1.5005 - Notification of Commission action to the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Notification of Commission action to the Securities and Exchange Commission. 1.5005 Section 1.5005 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION... Securities and Exchange Commission whenever a person is determined to be an exempt telecommunications company...

47 CFR 1.5005 - Notification of Commission action to the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Notification of Commission action to the Securities and Exchange Commission. 1.5005 Section 1.5005 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION... Securities and Exchange Commission whenever a person is determined to be an exempt telecommunications company...

Trajectory measurements and correlations in the final focus beam line at the KEK Accelerator Test Facility

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Renier, Y.; Bambade, P.; Tauchi, T.; White, G. R.; Boogert, S.

2013-06-01

The Accelerator Test Facility 2 (ATF2) commissioning group aims to demonstrate the feasibility of the beam delivery system of the next linear colliders (ILC and CLIC) as well as to define and to test the tuning methods. As the design vertical beam sizes of the linear colliders are about few nanometers, the stability of the trajectory as well as the control of the aberrations are very critical. ATF2 commissioning started in December 2008, and thanks to submicron resolution beam position monitors (BPMs), it has been possible to measure the beam position fluctuation along the final focus of ATF2 during the 2009 runs. The optics was not the nominal one yet, with a lower focusing to make the tuning easier. In this paper, a method to measure the noise of each BPM every pulse, in a model-independent way, will be presented. A method to reconstruct the trajectory’s fluctuations is developed which uses the previously determined BPM resolution. As this reconstruction provides a measurement of the beam energy fluctuations, it was also possible to measure the horizontal and vertical dispersion function at each BPMs parasitically. The spatial and angular dispersions can be fitted from these measurements with uncertainties comparable with usual measurements.

Principal Assistant Responsible for Contracting (PARC) - J8 - The National

Science.gov Websites

Officer of the ARNG Command Sergeant Major of the ARNG State Mission Sustainability Training ARNG Distributed Learning Program Training & Technology Battle Lab (T3BL) Civil Support Simulation Exercises Regional Training Site Maintenance Battle Focused Training Strategy Battle Staff Training Resources News

High energy Coulomb-scattered electrons for relativistic particle beams and diagnostics

DOE PAGES

Thieberger, P.; Altinbas, Z.; Carlson, C.; ...

2016-03-29

A new system used for monitoring energetic Coulomb-scattered electrons as the main diagnostic for accurately aligning the electron and ion beams in the new Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) electron lenses is described in detail. The theory of electron scattering from relativistic ions is developed and applied to the design and implementation of the system used to achieve and maintain the alignment. Commissioning with gold and 3He beams is then described as well as the successful utilization of the new system during the 2015 RHIC polarized proton run. Systematic errors of the new method are then estimated. Lastly, some possiblemore » future applications of Coulomb-scattered electrons for beam diagnostics are briefly discussed.« less

Next Generation Muon g-2 Experiments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hertzog, David W.

2015-12-02

I report on the progress of two new muon anomalous magnetic moment experiments, which are in advanced design and construction phases. The goal of Fermilab E989 is to reduce the experimental uncertainty ofmore » $$a_\\mu$$ from Brookhaven E821 by a factor of 4; that is, $$\\delta a_\\mu \\sim 16 \\times 10^{-11}$$, a relative uncertainty of 140~ppb. The method follows the same magic-momentum storage ring concept used at BNL, and pioneered previously at CERN, but muon beam preparation, storage ring internal hardware, field measuring equipment, and detector and electronics systems are all new or upgraded significantly. In contrast, J-PARC E34 will employ a novel approach based on injection of an ultra-cold, low-energy, muon beam injected into a small, but highly uniform magnet. Only a small magnetic focusing field is needed to maintain storage, which distinguishes it from CERN, BNL and Fermilab. E34 aims to roughly match the previous BNL precision in their Phase~1 installation.« less

Mercury Cavitation Phenomenon in Pulsed Spallation Neutron Sources

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Futakawa, Masatoshi; Naoe, Takashi; Kawai, Masayoshi

2008-06-24

Innovative researches will be performed at Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility in J-PARC, in which a mercury target system will be installed as MW-class pulse spallation neutron sources. Proton beams will be injected into mercury target to induce the spallation reaction. At the moment the intense proton beam hits the target, pressure waves are generated in the mercury because of the abrupt heat deposition. The pressure waves interact with the target vessel leading to negative pressure that may cause cavitation along the vessel wall. Localized impacts by micro-jets and/or shock waves which are caused by cavitation bubble collapse imposemore » pitting damage on the vessel wall. The pitting damage which degrades the structural integrity of target vessels is a crucial issue for high power mercury targets. Micro-gas-bubbles injection into mercury may be useful to mitigate the pressure wave and the pitting damage. The visualization of cavitation-bubble and gas-bubble collapse behaviors was carried out by using a high-speed video camera. The differences between them are recognized.« less

Upper bound on neutrino mass based on T2K neutrino timing measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abe, K.; Adam, J.; Aihara, H.; Akiri, T.; Andreopoulos, C.; Aoki, S.; Ariga, A.; Assylbekov, S.; Autiero, D.; Barbi, M.; Barker, G. J.; Barr, G.; Bartet-Friburg, P.; Bass, M.; Batkiewicz, M.; Bay, F.; Berardi, V.; Berger, B. E.; Berkman, S.; Bhadra, S.; Blaszczyk, F. d. M.; Blondel, A.; Bojechko, C.; Bolognesi, S.; Bordoni, S.; Boyd, S. B.; Brailsford, D.; Bravar, A.; Bronner, C.; Buchanan, N.; Calland, R. G.; Caravaca Rodríguez, J.; Cartwright, S. L.; Castillo, R.; Catanesi, M. G.; Cervera, A.; Cherdack, D.; Chikuma, N.; Christodoulou, G.; Clifton, A.; Coleman, J.; Coleman, S. J.; Collazuol, G.; Connolly, K.; Cremonesi, L.; Dabrowska, A.; Danko, I.; Das, R.; Davis, S.; de Perio, P.; De Rosa, G.; Dealtry, T.; Dennis, S. R.; Densham, C.; Dewhurst, D.; Di Lodovico, F.; Di Luise, S.; Dolan, S.; Drapier, O.; Duboyski, T.; Duffy, K.; Dumarchez, J.; Dytman, S.; Dziewiecki, M.; Emery-Schrenk, S.; Ereditato, A.; Escudero, L.; Feusels, T.; Finch, A. J.; Fiorentini, G. A.; Friend, M.; Fujii, Y.; Fukuda, Y.; Furmanski, A. P.; Galymov, V.; Garcia, A.; Giffin, S.; Giganti, C.; Gilje, K.; Goeldi, D.; Golan, T.; Gonin, M.; Grant, N.; Gudin, D.; Hadley, D. R.; Haegel, L.; Haesler, A.; Haigh, M. D.; Hamilton, P.; Hansen, D.; Hara, T.; Hartz, M.; Hasegawa, T.; Hastings, N. C.; Hayashino, T.; Hayato, Y.; Hearty, C.; Helmer, R. L.; Hierholzer, M.; Hignight, J.; Hillairet, A.; Himmel, A.; Hiraki, T.; Hirota, S.; Holeczek, J.; Horikawa, S.; Hosomi, F.; Huang, K.; Ichikawa, A. K.; Ieki, K.; Ieva, M.; Ikeda, M.; Imber, J.; Insler, J.; Irvine, T. J.; Ishida, T.; Ishii, T.; Iwai, E.; Iwamoto, K.; Iyogi, K.; Izmaylov, A.; Jacob, A.; Jamieson, B.; Jiang, M.; Johnson, R. A.; Johnson, S.; Jo, J. H.; Jonsson, P.; Jung, C. K.; Kabirnezhad, M.; Kaboth, A. C.; Kajita, T.; Kakuno, H.; Kameda, J.; Kanazawa, Y.; Karlen, D.; Karpikov, I.; Katori, T.; Kearns, E.; Khabibullin, M.; Khotjantsev, A.; Kielczewska, D.; Kikawa, T.; Kilinski, A.; Kim, J.; King, S.; Kisiel, J.; Kitching, P.; Kobayashi, T.; Koch, L.; Koga, T.; Kolaceke, A.; Konaka, A.; Kopylov, A.; Kormos, L. L.; Korzenev, A.; Koshio, Y.; Kropp, W.; Kubo, H.; Kudenko, Y.; Kurjata, R.; Kutter, T.; Lagoda, J.; Lamont, I.; Larkin, E.; Laveder, M.; Lawe, M.; Lazos, M.; Lindner, T.; Lister, C.; Litchfield, R. P.; Longhin, A.; Lopez, J. P.; Ludovici, L.; Magaletti, L.; Mahn, K.; Malek, M.; Manly, S.; Marino, A. D.; Marteau, J.; Martin, J. F.; Martins, P.; Martynenko, S.; Maruyama, T.; Matveev, V.; Mavrokoridis, K.; Mazzucato, E.; McCarthy, M.; McCauley, N.; McFarland, K. S.; McGrew, C.; Mefodiev, A.; Metelko, C.; Mezzetto, M.; Mijakowski, P.; Miller, C. A.; Minamino, A.; Mineev, O.; Missert, A.; Miura, M.; Moriyama, S.; Mueller, Th. A.; Murakami, A.; Murdoch, M.; Murphy, S.; Myslik, J.; Nakadaira, T.; Nakahata, M.; Nakamura, K. G.; Nakamura, K.; Nakayama, S.; Nakaya, T.; Nakayoshi, K.; Nantais, C.; Nielsen, C.; Nirkko, M.; Nishikawa, K.; Nishimura, Y.; Nowak, J.; O'Keeffe, H. M.; Ohta, R.; Okumura, K.; Okusawa, T.; Oryszczak, W.; Oser, S. M.; Ovsyannikova, T.; Owen, R. A.; Oyama, Y.; Palladino, V.; Palomino, J. L.; Paolone, V.; Payne, D.; Perevozchikov, O.; Perkin, J. D.; Petrov, Y.; Pickard, L.; Pinzon Guerra, E. S.; Pistillo, C.; Plonski, P.; Poplawska, E.; Popov, B.; Posiadala-Zezula, M.; Poutissou, J.-M.; Poutissou, R.; Przewlocki, P.; Quilain, B.; Radicioni, E.; Ratoff, P. N.; Ravonel, M.; Rayner, M. A. M.; Redij, A.; Reeves, M.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Riccio, C.; Rodrigues, P. A.; Rojas, P.; Rondio, E.; Roth, S.; Rubbia, A.; Ruterbories, D.; Rychter, A.; Sacco, R.; Sakashita, K.; Sánchez, F.; Sato, F.; Scantamburlo, E.; Scholberg, K.; Schoppmann, S.; Schwehr, J.; Scott, M.; Seiya, Y.; Sekiguchi, T.; Sekiya, H.; Sgalaberna, D.; Shah, R.; Shaker, F.; Shaw, D.; Shiozawa, M.; Short, S.; Shustrov, Y.; Sinclair, P.; Smith, B.; Smy, M.; Sobczyk, J. T.; Sobel, H.; Sorel, M.; Southwell, L.; Stamoulis, P.; Steinmann, J.; Still, B.; Suda, Y.; Suzuki, A.; Suzuki, K.; Suzuki, S. Y.; Suzuki, Y.; Tacik, R.; Tada, M.; Takahashi, S.; Takeda, A.; Takeuchi, Y.; Tanaka, H. K.; Tanaka, H. A.; Tanaka, M. M.; Terhorst, D.; Terri, R.; Thompson, L. F.; Thorley, A.; Tobayama, S.; Toki, W.; Tomura, T.; Totsuka, Y.; Touramanis, C.; Tsukamoto, T.; Tzanov, M.; Uchida, Y.; Vacheret, A.; Vagins, M.; Vasseur, G.; Wachala, T.; Wakamatsu, K.; Walter, C. W.; Wark, D.; Warzycha, W.; Wascko, M. O.; Weber, A.; Wendell, R.; Wilkes, R. J.; Wilking, M. J.; Wilkinson, C.; Williamson, Z.; Wilson, J. R.; Wilson, R. J.; Wongjirad, T.; Yamada, Y.; Yamamoto, K.; Yanagisawa, C.; Yano, T.; Yen, S.; Yershov, N.; Yokoyama, M.; Yoo, J.; Yoshida, K.; Yuan, T.; Yu, M.; Zalewska, A.; Zalipska, J.; Zambelli, L.; Zaremba, K.; Ziembicki, M.; Zimmerman, E. D.; Zito, M.; Żmuda, J.; T2K Collaboration

2016-01-01

The Tokai to Kamioka (T2K) long-baseline neutrino experiment consists of a muon neutrino beam, produced at the J-PARC accelerator, a near detector complex and a large 295-km-distant far detector. The present work utilizes the T2K event timing measurements at the near and far detectors to study neutrino time of flight as a function of derived neutrino energy. Under the assumption of a relativistic relation between energy and time of flight, constraints on the neutrino rest mass can be derived. The sub-GeV neutrino beam in conjunction with timing precision of order tens of ns provide sensitivity to neutrino mass in the few MeV /c2 range. We study the distribution of relative arrival times of muon and electron neutrino candidate events at the T2K far detector as a function of neutrino energy. The 90% C.L. upper limit on the mixture of neutrino mass eigenstates represented in the data sample is found to be mν2<5.6 MeV2/c4 .

Design, installation, commissioning and operation of a beamlet monitor in the negative ion beam test stand at NIFS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Antoni, V.; Agostinetti, P.; Brombin, M.

2015-04-08

In the framework of the accompanying activity for the development of the two neutral beam injectors for the ITER fusion experiment, an instrumented beam calorimeter is being designed at Consorzio RFX, to be used in the SPIDER test facility (particle energy 100keV; beam current 50A), with the aim of testing beam characteristics and to verify the source proper operation. The main components of the instrumented calorimeter are one-directional carbon-fibre-carbon composite tiles. Some prototype tiles have been used as a small-scale version of the entire calorimeter in the test stand of the neutral beam injectors of the LHD experiment, with themore » aim of characterising the beam features in various operating conditions. The extraction system of the NIFS test stand source was modified, by applying a mask to the first gridded electrode, in order to isolate only a subset of the beamlets, arranged in two 3×5 matrices, resembling the beamlet groups of the ITER beam sources. The present contribution gives a description of the design of the diagnostic system, including the numerical simulations of the expected thermal pattern. Moreover the dedicated thermocouple measurement system is presented. The beamlet monitor was successfully used for a full experimental campaign, during which the main parameters of the source, mainly the arc power and the grid voltages, were varied. This contribution describes the methods of fitting and data analysis applied to the infrared images of the camera to recover the beamlet optics characteristics, in order to quantify the response of the system to different operational conditions. Some results concerning the beamlet features are presented as a function of the source parameters.« less

75 FR 41520 - Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park Advisory Commission; Notice of Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-16

... Ohio Canal National Historical Park Advisory Commission will be held at 9 a.m., on Friday, August 13... information from public review, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION... Rabb Weidenfeld, Chairperson Mr. Charles J. Weir Mr. Barry A. Passett Mr. James G. McCleaf II Mr. John...

Spectroscopic Classifications of PSN J20372558+6607115 with Lick 3-m Reflector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Foley, R. J.; Zheng, W.; Filippenko, A. V.; van Dyk, S. D.

2015-03-01

We report the classifications of PSN J20372558+6607115 (discovered by K. Shima and announced on the CBAT TOCP) from a spectrum obtained with the Kast dual-beam spectrograph on the Lick 3-m Shane telescope on 2015 March 26 UT.

SMOS L1PP Performance Analysis from Commissioning Phase - Improved Algorithms and Major Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castro, Rita; Oliva, Roger; Gutiérrez, Antonio; Barbosa, José; Catarino, Nuno; Martin-Neira, Manuel; Zundo, Michele; Cabot, François

2010-05-01

Following the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) launch in November 2009, a Commissioning Phase has taken place for six months, having Deimos closely cooperated with the European Space Agency's (ESA) Level 1 team. During these six months several studies have been conducted on calibration optimization, image reconstruction improvement, geolocation assessment and the impact on scientific results, in particular to insure optimal input to Level 2 Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity retrieval. In parallel with the scientific studies, some new algorithms/mitigation techniques had to be developed, tested and implemented during the Commissioning Phase. Prior to launch, the Level 1 Prototype Processor (L1PP) included already several experimental algorithms different from the ones existent in the operational chain. These algorithms were tested during Commissioning and some were included in the final processing baseline as a result of the planned studies. Some unforeseen algorithms had to be defined, implemented and tested during the Commissioning Phase itself and these will also be described below. In L1a, for example, the calibration of the Power Measuring Systems (PMS) can be done using a cold target as reference, i.e., the Sky at ~3 K. This has been extensively analyzed and the results will be presented here. At least two linearity corrections to the PMS response function have been tested and compared. The deflection method was selected for inclusion on the operational chain and the results leading to this decision will be also presented. In Level 1B, all the foreign sources algorithms have been tested and validated using real data. The System Response Function (G-matrix) computed for different events has been analyzed and criteria for validation of its pseudo inverse, the J+ matrix, have been defined during the Commissioning Phase. The impact of errors in the J+ matrix has been studied and well characterized. The effects of the Flat Target Response (FTR) have also been

Commissioning and comprehensive evaluation of the ArcCHECK cylindrical diode array for VMAT pretreatment delivery QA.

PubMed

Chaswal, Vibha; Weldon, Michael; Gupta, Nilendu; Chakravarti, Arnab; Rong, Yi

2014-07-08

We present commissioning and comprehensive evaluation for ArcCHECK as a QA equipment for volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT), using the 6 MV photon beam with and without the flattening filter, and the SNC patient software (version 6.2). In addition to commissioning involving absolute dose calibration, array calibration, and PMMA density verification, ArcCHECK was evaluated for its response dependency on linac dose rate, instantaneous dose rate, radiation field size, beam angle, and couch insertion. Scatter dose characterization, consistency and symmetry of response, and dosimetry accuracy evaluation for fixed aperture arcs and clinical VMAT patient plans were also investigated. All the evaluation tests were performed with the central plug inserted and the homogeneous PMMA density value. Results of gamma analysis demonstrated an overall agreement between ArcCHECK-measured and TPS-calculated reference doses. The diode based field size dependency was found to be within 0.5% of the reference. The dose rate-based dependency was well within 1% of the TPS reference, and the angular dependency was found to be ± 3% of the reference, as tested for BEV angles, for both beams. Dosimetry of fixed arcs, using both narrow and wide field widths, resulted in clinically acceptable global gamma passing rates on the 3%/3mm level and 10% threshold. Dosimetry of narrow arcs showed an improvement over published literature. The clinical VMAT cases demonstrated high level of dosimetry accuracy in gamma passing rates.

75 FR 11166 - Joint Meeting of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-10

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. AD06-6-000] Joint Meeting of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission; Notice of Joint Meeting of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission March 2, 2010. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)...

Editorial: Focus on Laser- and Beam-Driven Plasma Accelerators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Joshi, Chan; Malka, Victor

2010-04-01

The ability of short but intense laser pulses to generate high-energy electrons and ions from gaseous and solid targets has been well known since the early days of the laser fusion program. However, during the past decade there has been an explosion of experimental and theoretical activity in this area of laser-matter interaction, driven by the prospect of realizing table-top plasma accelerators for research, medical and industrial uses, and also relatively small and inexpensive plasma accelerators for high-energy physics at the frontier of particle physics. In this focus issue on laser- and beam-driven plasma accelerators, the latest advances in this field are described. Focus on Laser- and Beam-Driven Plasma Accelerators Contents Slow wave plasma structures for direct electron acceleration B D Layer, J P Palastro, A G York, T M Antonsen and H M Milchberg Cold injection for electron wakefield acceleration X Davoine, A Beck, A Lifschitz, V Malka and E Lefebvre Enhanced proton flux in the MeV range by defocused laser irradiation J S Green, D C Carroll, C Brenner, B Dromey, P S Foster, S Kar, Y T Li, K Markey, P McKenna, D Neely, A P L Robinson, M J V Streeter, M Tolley, C-G Wahlström, M H Xu and M Zepf Dose-dependent biological damage of tumour cells by laser-accelerated proton beams S D Kraft, C Richter, K Zeil, M Baumann, E Beyreuther, S Bock, M Bussmann, T E Cowan, Y Dammene, W Enghardt, U Helbig, L Karsch, T Kluge, L Laschinsky, E Lessmann, J Metzkes, D Naumburger, R Sauerbrey, M. Scḧrer, M Sobiella, J Woithe, U Schramm and J Pawelke The optimum plasma density for plasma wakefield excitation in the blowout regime W Lu, W An, M Zhou, C Joshi, C Huang and W B Mori Plasma wakefield acceleration experiments at FACET M J Hogan, T O Raubenheimer, A Seryi, P Muggli, T Katsouleas, C Huang, W Lu, W An, K A Marsh, W B Mori, C E Clayton and C Joshi Electron trapping and acceleration on a downward density ramp: a two-stage approach R M G M Trines, R Bingham, Z Najmudin

SU-E-J-126: An Online Replanning Method for FFF Beams Without Couch Shift

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ahunbay, E; Ates, O; Li, X

2015-06-15

Purpose: In a situation that couch shift for patient positioning is not preferred or prohibited (e.g., MR-Linac), segment aperture morphing (SAM) can address target dislocation and deformation. For IMRT/VMAT with flattening filter free (FFF) beams, however, SAM method would lead to an adverse translational dose effect due to the beam unflattening. Here we propose a new 2-step process to address both the translational effect of FFF beams and the target deformation. Methods: The replanning method consists of an offline and an online steps. The offline step is to create a series of pre-shifted plans (PSP) obtained by a so calledmore » “warm start” optimization (starting optimization from the original plan, rather from scratch) at a series of isocenter shifts with fixed distance (e.g. 2 cm, at x,y,z = 2,0,0 ; 2,2,0 ; 0,2,0; …;− 2,0,0). The PSPs all have the same number of segments with very similar shapes, since the warm-start optimization only adjusts the MLC positions instead of regenerating them. In the online step, a new plan is obtained by linearly interpolating the MLC positions and the monitor units of the closest PSPs for the shift determined from the image of the day. This two-step process is completely automated, and instantaneously fast (no optimization or dose calculation needed). The previously-developed SAM algorithm is then applied for daily deformation. We tested the method on sample prostate and pancreas cases. Results: The two-step interpolation method can account for the adverse dose effects from FFF beams, while SAM corrects for the target deformation. The whole process takes the same time as the previously reported SAM process (5–10 min). Conclusion: The new two-step method plus SAM can address both the translation effects of FFF beams and target deformation, and can be executed in full automation requiring no additional time from the SAM process. This research was supported by Elekta inc. (Crawley, UK)« less

Coherent Structures and Chaos Control in High-Power Microwave and Charged-Particle Beam Devices

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-31

34Equilibrium Theory of an Intense Elliptic Beam for High - Power Ribbon-Beam Klystron Applications," Proc. 2007 Part. Accel. Conf. p. 2316. Courant...34Equilibrium Theory of an Intense Elliptic Beam for High - Power Ribbon-Beam Klystron Applications," C. Chen and J. Zhou, Proc. 2007 Part. Accel. Conf. (2007...accelerator focusing systems. Over 600 high - power , high -efficiency klystrons , for example, may be needed to provide rf power for the acceleration

High flux, beamed neutron sources employing deuteron-rich ion beams from D2O-ice layered targets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alejo, A.; Krygier, A. G.; Ahmed, H.; Morrison, J. T.; Clarke, R. J.; Fuchs, J.; Green, A.; Green, J. S.; Jung, D.; Kleinschmidt, A.; Najmudin, Z.; Nakamura, H.; Norreys, P.; Notley, M.; Oliver, M.; Roth, M.; Vassura, L.; Zepf, M.; Borghesi, M.; Freeman, R. R.; Kar, S.

2017-06-01

A forwardly-peaked bright neutron source was produced using a laser-driven, deuteron-rich ion beam in a pitcher-catcher scenario. A proton-free ion source was produced via target normal sheath acceleration from Au foils having a thin layer of D2O ice at the rear side, irradiated by sub-petawatt laser pulses (˜200 J, ˜750 fs) at peak intensity ˜ 2× {10}20 {{W}} {{cm}}-2. The neutrons were preferentially produced in a beam of ˜70° FWHM cone along the ion beam forward direction, with maximum energy up to ˜40 MeV and a peak flux along the axis ˜ 2× {10}9 {{n}} {{sr}}-1 for neutron energy above 2.5 MeV. The experimental data is in good agreement with the simulations carried out for the d(d,n)3He reaction using the deuteron beam produced by the ice-layered target.

Effects of laser fluence on silicon modification by four-beam laser interference

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhao, Le; Li, Dayou; JR3CN and IRAC, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU

2015-12-21

This paper discusses the effects of laser fluence on silicon modification by four-beam laser interference. In this work, four-beam laser interference was used to pattern single crystal silicon wafers for the fabrication of surface structures, and the number of laser pulses was applied to the process in air. By controlling the parameters of laser irradiation, different shapes of silicon structures were fabricated. The results were obtained with the single laser fluence of 354 mJ/cm{sup 2}, 495 mJ/cm{sup 2}, and 637 mJ/cm{sup 2}, the pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz, the laser exposure pulses of 30, 100, and 300, the laser wavelength of 1064 nm, andmore » the pulse duration of 7–9 ns. The effects of the heat transfer and the radiation of laser interference plasma on silicon wafer surfaces were investigated. The equations of heat flow and radiation effects of laser plasma of interfering patterns in a four-beam laser interference distribution were proposed to describe their impacts on silicon wafer surfaces. The experimental results have shown that the laser fluence has to be properly selected for the fabrication of well-defined surface structures in a four-beam laser interference process. Laser interference patterns can directly fabricate different shape structures for their corresponding applications.« less

78 FR 32295 - Commission Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-29

... SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN COMMISSION Commission Meeting AGENCY: Susquehanna River Basin Commission. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Susquehanna River Basin Commission will hold its regular business meeting on... business meeting are contained in the Supplementary Information section of this notice. DATES: June 20...

78 FR 69517 - Commission Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-19

... SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN COMMISSION Commission Meeting AGENCY: Susquehanna River Basin Commission. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Susquehanna River Basin Commission will hold its regular business meeting on... meeting are contained in the Supplementary Information section of this notice. DATES: December 12, 2013...

78 FR 12412 - Commission Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-22

... SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN COMMISSION Commission Meeting AGENCY: Susquehanna River Basin Commission. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Susquehanna River Basin Commission will hold its regular business meeting on... business meeting are contained in the Supplementary Information section of this notice. DATES: March 21...

77 FR 52106 - Commission Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-28

... SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN COMMISSION Commission Meeting AGENCY: Susquehanna River Basin Commission. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Susquehanna River Basin Commission will hold its regular business meeting on... business meeting are contained in the Supplementary Information section of this notice. DATES: September 20...

77 FR 70204 - Commission Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-23

... SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN COMMISSION Commission Meeting AGENCY: Susquehanna River Basin Commission. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Susquehanna River Basin Commission will hold its regular business meeting on... meeting are contained in the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of this notice. DATES: December 14, 2012...

78 FR 52601 - Commission Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-23

... SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN COMMISSION Commission Meeting AGENCY: Susquehanna River Basin Commission. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Susquehanna River Basin Commission will hold its regular business meeting on... meeting are contained in the Supplementary Information section of this notice. DATES: September 19, 2013...

Laser ion source for high brightness heavy ion beam

DOE PAGES

Okamura, M.

2016-09-01

A laser ion source is known as a high current high charge state heavy ion source. But, we place great emphasis on the capability to realize a high brightness ion source. A laser ion source has a pinpoint small volume where materials are ionized and can achieve quite uniform low temperature ion beam. Those features may enable us to realize very small emittance beams. Furthermore, a low charge state high brightness laser ion source was successfully commissioned in Brookhaven National Laboratory in 2014. Now most of all the solid based heavy ions are being provided from the laser ion sourcemore » for regular operation.« less

75 FR 65376 - Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park Advisory Commission; Notice of Public Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-22

... National Historical Park Advisory Commission will be held at 9:30 a.m., on Friday, November 5, 2010, at... withhold your personal identifying information from public review, we cannot guarantee that we will be able.... Charles J. Weir Mr. Barry A. Passett Mr. James G. McCleaf II Mr. John A. Ziegler Mrs. Mary E. Woodward Mrs...

Emittance matching of a slow extracted beam for a rotating gantry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fujimoto, T.; Iwata, Y.; Matsuba, S.; Fujita, T.; Sato, S.; Shirai, T.; Noda, K.

2017-09-01

The introduction of a heavy-ion rotating gantry is in progress at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) for realizing high-precision cancer therapy using heavy ions. A scanning irradiation method will be applied to this gantry course with 48-430 MeV/u beam energy. In the rotating gantry, the horizontal and vertical beam parameters are coupled by its rotation. To maintain a circular spot shape at the isocenter irrespective of the gantry angle, achieving symmetric phase space distribution of the horizontal and vertical beam at the entrance of the rotating gantry is necessary. Therefore, compensating the horizontal and vertical emittance is necessary. We consider using a thin scatterer method to compensate the emittance. After considering the optical design for emittance matching, the scatterer device is located in the high-energy beam transport line. In the beam commissioning, we confirm that the symmetrical spot shape is obtained at the isocenter without depending on the gantry angle.

77 FR 28420 - Commission Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-14

... SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN COMMISSION Commission Meeting AGENCY: Susquehanna River Basin Commission. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Susquehanna River Basin Commission will hold its regular business meeting on... meeting are contained in the Supplementary Information section of this notice. DATES: June 7, 2012, at 9...

Asymmetric chemical reactions by polarized quantum beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takahashi, Jun-Ichi; Kobayashi, Kensei

One of the most attractive hypothesis for the origin of homochirality in terrestrial bio-organic compounds (L-amino acid and D-sugar dominant) is nominated as "Cosmic Scenario"; a chiral impulse from asymmetric excitation sources in space triggered asymmetric reactions on the surfaces of such space materials as meteorites or interstellar dusts prior to the existence of terrestrial life. 1) Effective asymmetric excitation sources in space are proposed as polarized quantum beams, such as circularly polarized light and spin polarized electrons. Circularly polarized light is emitted as synchrotron radiation from tightly captured electrons by intense magnetic field around neutron stars. In this case, either left-or right-handed polarized light can be observed depending on the direction of observation. On the other hand, spin polarized electrons is emitted as beta-ray in beta decay from radioactive nuclei or neutron fireballs in supernova explosion. 2) The spin of beta-ray electrons is longitudinally polarized due to parity non-conservation in the weak interaction. The helicity (the the projection of the spin onto the direction of kinetic momentum) of beta-ray electrons is universally negative (left-handed). For the purpose of verifying the asymmetric structure emergence in bio-organic compounds by polarized quantum beams, we are now carrying out laboratory simulations using circularly polarized light from synchrotron radiation facility or spin polarized electron beam from beta-ray radiation source. 3,4) The target samples are solid film or aqueous solution of racemic amino acids. 1) K.Kobayashi, K.Kaneko, J.Takahashi, Y.Takano, in Astrobiology: from simple molecules to primitive life; Ed. V.Basiuk; American Scientific Publisher: Valencia, 2008. 2) G.A.Gusev, T.Saito, V.A.Tsarev, A.V.Uryson, Origins Life Evol. Biosphere. 37, 259 (2007). 3) J.Takahashi, H.Shinojima, M.Seyama, Y.Ueno, T.Kaneko, K.Kobayashi, H.Mita, M.Adachi, M.Hosaka, M.Katoh, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 10, 3044

Comparative in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates with alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins.

PubMed

Brisse, S; Milatovic, D; Fluit, A C; Verhoef, J; Martin, N; Scheuring, S; Köhrer, K; Schmitz, F J

1999-08-01

The in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin were tested against 72 ciprofloxacin-resistant and 28 ciprofloxacin-susceptible isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes. Irrespective of the alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins, clinafloxacin exhibited greater activity than all other fluoroquinolones tested against K. pneumoniae and E. aerogenes.

76 FR 7839 - Notice of Commission and Commission Staff Attendance at ISO/RTO Council and Regional State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-11

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Notice of Commission and Commission Staff Attendance at ISO/RTO Council and Regional State Committees Meeting The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission hereby gives notice that members of the Commission and Commission staff may attend the following...

SU-E-J-17: A Study of Accelerator-Induced Cerenkov Radiation as a Beam Diagnostic and Dosimetry Tool

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bateman, F; Tosh, R

2014-06-01

Purpose: To investigate accelerator-induced Cerenkov radiation imaging as a possible beam diagnostic and medical dosimetry tool. Methods: Cerenkov emission produced by clinical accelerator beams in a water phantom was imaged using a camera system comprised of a high-sensitivity thermoelectrically-cooled CCD camera coupled to a large aperture (f/0.75) objective lens with 16:1 magnification. This large format lens allows a significant amount of the available Cerenkov light to be collected and focused onto the CCD camera to form the image. Preliminary images, obtained with 6 MV photon beams, used an unshielded camera mounted horizontally with the beam normal to the water surface,more » and confirmed the detection of Cerenkov radiation. Several improvements were subsequently made including the addition of radiation shielding around the camera, and altering of the beam and camera angles to give a more favorable geometry for Cerenkov light collection. A detailed study was then undertaken over a range of electron and photon beam energies and dose rates to investigate the possibility of using this technique for beam diagnostics and dosimetry. Results: A series of images were obtained at a fixed dose rate over a range of electron energies from 6 to 20 MeV. The location of maximum intensity was found to vary linearly with the energy of the beam. A linear relationship was also found between the light observed from a fixed point on the central axis and the dose rate for both photon and electron beams. Conclusion: We have found that the analysis of images of beam-induced Cerenkov light in a water phantom has potential for use as a beam diagnostic and medical dosimetry tool. Our future goals include the calibration of the light output in terms of radiation dose and development of a tomographic system for 3D Cerenkov imaging in water phantoms and other media.« less

SoilJ - An ImageJ plugin for semi-automatized image-processing of 3-D X-ray images of soil columns

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koestel, John

2016-04-01

3-D X-ray imaging is a formidable tool for quantifying soil structural properties which are known to be extremely diverse. This diversity necessitates the collection of large sample sizes for adequately representing the spatial variability of soil structure at a specific sampling site. One important bottleneck of using X-ray imaging is however the large amount of time required by a trained specialist to process the image data which makes it difficult to process larger amounts of samples. The software SoilJ aims at removing this bottleneck by automatizing most of the required image processing steps needed to analyze image data of cylindrical soil columns. SoilJ is a plugin of the free Java-based image-processing software ImageJ. The plugin is designed to automatically process all images located with a designated folder. In a first step, SoilJ recognizes the outlines of the soil column upon which the column is rotated to an upright position and placed in the center of the canvas. Excess canvas is removed from the images. Then, SoilJ samples the grey values of the column material as well as the surrounding air in Z-direction. Assuming that the column material (mostly PVC of aluminium) exhibits a spatially constant density, these grey values serve as a proxy for the image illumination at a specific Z-coordinate. Together with the grey values of the air they are used to correct image illumination fluctuations which often occur along the axis of rotation during image acquisition. SoilJ includes also an algorithm for beam-hardening artefact removal and extended image segmentation options. Finally, SoilJ integrates the morphology analyses plugins of BoneJ (Doube et al., 2006, BoneJ Free and extensible bone image analysis in ImageJ. Bone 47: 1076-1079) and provides an ASCII file summarizing these measures for each investigated soil column, respectively. In the future it is planned to integrate SoilJ into FIJI, the maintained and updated edition of ImageJ with selected

Measurement of gamma-ray production from thermal neutron capture on gadolinium for neutrino experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)