AntiJen: a quantitative immunology database integrating functional, thermodynamic, kinetic, biophysical, and cellular data

PubMed Central

Toseland, Christopher P; Clayton, Debra J; McSparron, Helen; Hemsley, Shelley L; Blythe, Martin J; Paine, Kelly; Doytchinova, Irini A; Guan, Pingping; Hattotuwagama, Channa K; Flower, Darren R

2005-01-01

AntiJen is a database system focused on the integration of kinetic, thermodynamic, functional, and cellular data within the context of immunology and vaccinology. Compared to its progenitor JenPep, the interface has been completely rewritten and redesigned and now offers a wider variety of search methods, including a nucleotide and a peptide BLAST search. In terms of data archived, AntiJen has a richer and more complete breadth, depth, and scope, and this has seen the database increase to over 31,000 entries. AntiJen provides the most complete and up-to-date dataset of its kind. While AntiJen v2.0 retains a focus on both T cell and B cell epitopes, its greatest novelty is the archiving of continuous quantitative data on a variety of immunological molecular interactions. This includes thermodynamic and kinetic measures of peptide binding to TAP and the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), peptide-MHC complexes binding to T cell receptors, antibodies binding to protein antigens and general immunological protein-protein interactions. The database also contains quantitative specificity data from position-specific peptide libraries and biophysical data, in the form of diffusion co-efficients and cell surface copy numbers, on MHCs and other immunological molecules. The uses of AntiJen include the design of vaccines and diagnostics, such as tetramers, and other laboratory reagents, as well as helping parameterize the bioinformatic or mathematical in silico modeling of the immune system. The database is accessible from the URL: . PMID:16305757

PREFACE: Festschrift to mark the sixtieth birthday of Professor Jens Lothe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jøssang, Torstein; Barnett, David M.

1992-01-01

The collection of papers in this Festschrift represents the proceedings of a symposium held at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters on November 25-26, 1991, marking the occasion of the sixtieth birthday of Professor Jens Lothe. The symposium organizers attempted to invite contributors, either written, oral, or both, from a group of international scientists who have either collaborated with Jens in the past or whose work has had a significant impact in one of three areas in which Jens has focussed his own research interests, namely, statistical physics, elasticity and elastic waves, and the theory of dislocations in crystalline solids. The extent to which we have succeeded in obtaining a proper spectrum of contributors and contributions must be judged by the readers of this volume. It is rather rare in modern times to encounter a physicist such as Jens who has made seminal contributions in fields as diverse as the three included in this Festschrift. For this reason it is both historically interesting and instructive to follow the path that Jens Lothe's research career has taken him, since doing so clearly points out the international nature of the scientific endeavor and the fact that the search for scientific truth transcends national borders and governmental ideologies. Jens' postdoctoral studies at the University of Bristol in the late 1950s brought him in contact with an American postdoctoral student, John Hirth, who had worked on nucleation theory and condensation under the late Professor G M Pound at Carnegie-Mellon University. (Alex Maradudin, one of the contributors to the surface wave session of this symposium was also a postdoctoral fellow at Bristol at this time.) Both Lothe and Hirth had come to Bristol to acquaint themselves with dislocation theory; their first joint paper on double-kink nucleation theory was followed by numerous joint efforts, including their now-classic book Theory of Dislocations. Clearly, their interaction jelled. As legend has it, Hirth, recognizing Jens' interests and talents in statistical physics, brought Lothe to Pound's attention. Jens accepted an invitation to spend time at Carnegie-Mellon as a visiting faculty member, a stay which ultimately resulted in a series of penetrating papers on nucleation theory with Pound, Ken Russell (a student of Pound's, later a postdoctoral fellow with Jens, and a contributor to this symposium), and Jens Feder (a former student of Jens' and co-author of the opening lecture). When Pound later moved to Stanford University, he was fond of saying how at that time nucleation theory needed the strong hand of a good statistical physicist, and that "Jens Lothe showed us how to do it right". Meanwhile, a part of the "Bristol Connection" had moved to Ohio State University, where John Hirth had joined the faculty, and where one of us (TJ, who is also a former student of Jens') had come for postdoctoral work with Hirth on dislocation theory. When Jøssang returned to Oslo, Lothe rejoined Hirth for a year, to continue the preparations for production of the dislocation text several years later. A glance at Jens' publication list shows that upon his return to the physics group in Oslo in the mid 1960s his research interests were turning to the effects of elastic anisotropy in dislocation theory. His 1967 paper "Dislocation Bends in Anisotropic Media" appears immediately before L M Brown's "A Proof of Lothe's Theorem" in the same issue of Philosophical Magazine, the latter paper being stimulated by the former. Together these two articles form the basis for what might be termed the modern geometrical theory of planar dislocation loops. Within a year V L Indenbom and S S Orlov in the Soviet Union would publish the fully three-dimensional version of the theory; Jens was instrumental in bringing to the attention of western scientists the correctness and importance of the Indenbom-Orlov work at the 1969 National Bureau of Standards Conference on Fundamental Aspects of Dislocation Theory (Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA). This familiarity with and appreciation for contemporary Russian work in dislocation theory and (later) in elastic waves, as well as his knowledge of the Russian language, was to become a trademark of Jens during the next 20 years, a point to which we shall return. Kazumi Nishioka, a student of Pound's from Stanford (and a contributor to this symposium) joined Jens for post- doctoral studies in statistical physics in 1970, but soon found himself engaged in anisotropic elasticity and the connection between dislocations in uniform motion and the theory of surface waves (as pointed out by the late A N Stroh in 1962). Lothe and Nishioka wrote to one of us (DMB), who was now at Stanford and pursuing the use of an integral formalism rather than the Stroh sextic formalism for anisotropic elasticity, about the possibility of collaborating on certain aspects of subsonic Rayleigh wave theory. By 1974 Jens and DMB had not only virtually settled the issue of the existence of subsonic surface waves in anisotropic elastic half-spaces, but had embarked on a collaboration which still exists, having produced 24 joint publications. Oddly enough, a key ingredient in resolving the Rayleigh wave problem was somewhat fortuitously recalled by Barnett from a paper he requested from Jens ("Some Unifying Relations for Moving Dislocations", by R J Beltz, T L Davis and K Malen, three of Jens' postdoctoral students in 1967-68) four years prior to their collaboration. Professor Peter Chadwick, FRS (a contributor to the surface wave session), of the School of Mathematics at the University of East Anglia, UK, and his student, G D Smith, placed the Lothe-Barnett theory of subsonic surface waves on a much firmer and comprehensive basis in their beautiful 1977 monograph "Foundations of the Theory of Surface Waves in Anisotropic Elastic Materials"; this work clearly delineated the important notions of limiting speed, first transonic state, and exceptional limiting waves, notions which in a sense lead to what can be called the "Russian Connection" with V L Indenbom, V I Alshits (a contributor to the surface wave session), and their colleagues, as well as the broadening of Jens' interests in elastic waves. Jens' much earlier work on radiation forces on moving dislocations was known and well-appreciated by Indenbom. Following a stay in Oslo as a visiting scientist, Alshits collaborated with Lothe to produce a remarkable series of three papers which clearly showed that degeneracies between slowness branches (acoustic axes) are usually the rule and not the exception in any crystal symmetry class, and that acoustic axes are the anchoring points for lines of exceptional waves on the unit sphere. Later, Professor Per Holm (Mathematics Department, University of Oslo, and a contributor of this volume) and Jens co-authored a deep mathematical study of the topology of bulk wave polarization fields on the unit sphere. In 1981 Alshits and Lothe provided the link between surface wave theory and the theory of bulk wave reflection, which have essentially paved the way for a clearer and more unified view of supersonic surface wave theory. More recent work by Steinar A Gundersen (Jens' most recent doctoral graduate and author of the introductory surface wave paper in this volume), Litian Wang (Jens' present graduate student and a contributor to this volume), and Jens on secluded surface waves and by Chadwick, Lothe and Barnett on one-component surface waves have roots in the 1981 Alshits-Lothe paper. We now eagerly await the appearance of the book Elastic Strain Fields and Dislocation Mobility, co-edited by Jens and V L Indenbom, currently in press through North-Holland, Amsterdam. A glance at the last 30 publications in Jens' vita shows the extent to which his Russian connection has broadened. He has taken great efforts to maintain familiarity with the relevant Russian scientific literature and to nurture and encourage western acquaintance with their work. No doubt his warm personality, natural curiosity and willingness to promote and seize opportunities for collaboration across national boundaries is what has allowed great intellect stationed in a somewhat remote part of the scientific community to engender such a large international following, when other gifted men might have chosen to work in isolation under similar circumstances. Vladimir Alshits may have said it best during his visit to Oslo last April, namely, "There are three Norwegian names known to every Russian—Henrik Ibsen, Fridtjof Nansen and Jens Lothe". None of this is meant to imply that Jens has neglected or ignored his colleagues in Norway. Indeed, quite the contrary is true, but we believe the exposition on the development within the Solid State Group and the Cooperative Phenomena Program at the University of Oslo and at NTH in Trondheim in this symposium and its proceedings, presented by the local staff and present close associates addresses Jens Lothe's contribution on the home front far better than this preface would allow. We believe we speak for all the symposium attendees by extending to Jens the happiest greetings and our best wishes for continued health and happiness.

Geomorphic Processes and Remote Sensing Signatures of Alluvial Fans in the Kun Lun Mountains, China

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Farr, Tom G.; Chadwick, Oliver A.

1996-01-01

The timing of alluvial deposition in arid and semiarid areas is tied to land-surface instability caused by regional climate changes. The distribution pattern of dated deposits provides maps of regional land-surface response to past climate change. Sensitivity to differences in surface roughness and composition makes remote sensing techniques useful for regional mapping of alluvial deposits. Radar images from the Spaceborne Radar Laboratory and visible wavelength images from the French SPOT satellite were used to determine remote sensing signatures of alluvial fan units for an area in the Kun Lun Mountains of northwestern China. These data were combined with field observations to compare surface processes and their effects on remote sensing signatures in northwestern China and the southwestern United States. Geomorphic processes affecting alluvial fans in the two areas include aeolian deposition, desert varnish, and fluvial dissection. However, salt weathering is a much more important process in the Kun Lun than in the southwestern United States. This slows the formation of desert varnish and prevents desert pavement from forming. Thus the Kun Lun signatures are characteristic of the dominance of salt weathering, while signatures from the southwestern United States are characteristic of the dominance of desert varnish and pavement processes. Remote sensing signatures are consistent enough in these two regions to be used for mapping fan units over large areas.

The α-Arrestin Bul1p Mediates Lactate Transporter Endocytosis in Response to Alkalinization and Distinct Physiological Signals.

PubMed

Talaia, Gabriel; Gournas, Christos; Saliba, Elie; Barata-Antunes, Cláudia; Casal, Margarida; André, Bruno; Diallinas, George; Paiva, Sandra

2017-11-24

Eukaryotic α-arrestins connect environmental or stress signaling pathways to the endocytosis of plasma membrane transporters or receptors. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae lactate transporter Jen1p has been used as a model cargo for elucidating the mechanisms underlying endocytic turnover in response to carbon sources. Here, we discover a novel pathway of Jen1p endocytosis mediated by the α-arrestin Bul1p in response to the presence of cycloheximide or rapamycin, or prolonged growth in lactate. While cycloheximide or rapamycin modify cells pleiotropically, the major effect of prolonged growth in lactate was shown to be external pH alkalinization. Importantly, employment of specific inactive Jen1p versions showed that Bul1p-dependent endocytosis requires lactate transport, according to the signal imposed. Our results support a model where conformational changes of Jen1p, associated with substrate/H + symport, are critical for the efficiency of Bul1p-dependent Jen1p turnover. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dictionary of Cancer Terms

MedlinePlus

... causes the cancer cells to grow. Also called AR. androgen receptor positive listen (AN-droh-jen reh- ... binding and actions of androgen hormones. Also called AR+. androgen suppression listen (AN-droh-jen suh-PREH- ...

'Diamond Jenness': Before the Grind

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

This microscopic imager mosaic of the rock called 'Diamond Jenness' was snapped on sol 177 before NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity ground into the surface with its rock abrasion tool, or 'Rat.'

Opportunity has bored nearly a dozen holes into the inner walls of 'Endurance Crater.' On sols 177 and 178 (July 23 and July 24, 2004), the rover worked double-duty on Diamond Jenness. Surface debris and the bumpy shape of the rock resulted in a shallow and irregular hole, only about 2 millimeters (0.08 inch) deep. The final depth was not enough to remove all the bumps and leave a neat hole with a smooth floor. This extremely shallow depression was then examined by the rover's alpha particle X-ray spectrometer. On Sol 178, Opportunity's 'robotic rodent' dined on Diamond Jenness once again, grinding almost an additional 5 millimeters (about 0.2 inch). The rover then applied its Moessbauer spectrometer to the deepened hole. This double dose of Diamond Jenness enabled the science team to examine the rock at varying layers. Results from those grindings are currently being analyzed.

The image mosaic is about 6 centimeters (2.4 inches) across.

'Diamond Jenness': A Tough Grind

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

This microscopic imager mosaic of the target area called 'Diamond Jenness' was taken after NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity ground into the surface with its rock abrasion tool for a second time.

Opportunity has bored nearly a dozen holes into the inner walls of 'Endurance Crater.' On sols 177 and 178 (July 23 and July 24, 2004), the rover worked double-duty on Diamond Jenness. Surface debris and the bumpy shape of the rock resulted in a shallow and irregular hole, only about 2 millimeters (0.08 inch) deep. The final depth was not enough to remove all the bumps and leave a neat hole with a smooth floor. This extremely shallow depression was then examined by the rover's alpha particle X-ray spectrometer.

On Sol 178, Opportunity's 'robotic rodent' dined on Diamond Jenness once again, grinding almost an additional 5 millimeters (about 0.2 inch). The rover then applied its Moessbauer spectrometer to the deepened hole. This double dose of Diamond Jenness enabled the science team to examine the rock at varying layers. Results from those grindings are currently being analyzed.

The image mosaic is about 6 centimeters (2.4 inches) across.

'Diamond Jenness': Before the Grind

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-08-03

This microscopic imager mosaic of the rock called "Diamond Jenness" was snapped on sol 177 before NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity ground into the surface with its rock abrasion tool, or "Rat." Opportunity has bored nearly a dozen holes into the inner walls of "Endurance Crater." On sols 177 and 178 (July 23 and July 24, 2004), the rover worked double-duty on Diamond Jenness. Surface debris and the bumpy shape of the rock resulted in a shallow and irregular hole, only about 2 millimeters (0.08 inch) deep. The final depth was not enough to remove all the bumps and leave a neat hole with a smooth floor. This extremely shallow depression was then examined by the rover's alpha particle X-ray spectrometer. On Sol 178, Opportunity's "robotic rodent" dined on Diamond Jenness once again, grinding almost an additional 5 millimeters (about 0.2 inch). The rover then applied its Moessbauer spectrometer to the deepened hole. This double dose of Diamond Jenness enabled the science team to examine the rock at varying layers. Results from those grindings are currently being analyzed. The image mosaic is about 6 centimeters (2.4 inches) across. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA06748

Citations Prize 2013

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cherry, Simon; Ruffle, Jon

2014-06-01

Physics in Medicine and Biology (PMB) awards its 'Citations Prize' to the authors of the original research paper that has received the most citations in the preceding five years (according to the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)). The lead author of the winning paper is presented with the Rotblat Medal (named in honour of Professor Sir Joseph Rotblat, a Nobel Prize winner who also was the second—and longest serving—Editor of PMB, from 1961-1972). The winner of the 2013 Citations Prize for the paper which has received the most citations in the previous five years (2008-2012) is Figure. Figure. Four of the prize winning authors. From left to right: Thomas Istel (Philips), Jens-Peter Schlomka (with medal, MorphoDetection), Ewald Roessl (Philips), and Gerhard Martens (Philips). Title: Experimental feasibility of multi-energy photon-counting K-edge imaging in pre-clinical computed tomography Authors: Jens Peter Schlomka1, Ewald Roessl1, Ralf Dorscheid2, Stefan Dill2, Gerhard Martens1, Thomas Istel1, Christian Bäumer3, Christoph Herrmann3, Roger Steadman3, Günter Zeitler3, Amir Livne4 and Roland Proksa1 Institutions: 1 Philips Research Europe, Sector Medical Imaging Systems, Hamburg, Germany 2 Philips Research Europe, Engineering & Technology, Aachen, Germany 3 Philips Research Europe, Sector Medical Imaging Systems, Aachen, Germany 4 Philips Healthcare, Global Research and Advanced Development, Haifa, Israel Reference: Schlomka et al 2008 Phys. Med. Biol. 53 4031-47 This paper becomes the first to win both this citations prize and also the PMB best paper prize (The Roberts Prize), which it won for the year 2008. Discussion of the significance of the winning paper can be found in this medicalphysicsweb article from the time of the Roberts Prize win (http://medicalphysicsweb.org/cws/article/research/39907). The author's enthusiasm for their prototype spectral CT system has certainly been reflected in the large number of citations the paper subsequently has received. Our warm congratulations go to the winning authors.

Dynamics of Multiple lin Gene Expression in Sphingomonas paucimobilis B90A in Response to Different Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers

PubMed Central

Suar, Mrutyunjay; van der Meer, Jan Roelof; Lawlor, Kirsten; Holliger, Christof; Lal, Rup

2004-01-01

Sphingomonas paucimobilis B90A is able to degrade the α-, β-, γ-, and δ-isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). It contains the genes linA, linB, linC, linD, linE, and linR, which have been implicated in HCH degradation. In this study, dynamic expression of the lin genes was measured in chemostat-grown S. paucimobilis B90A by RNA dot blot hybridization and real-time reverse transcriptase PCR upon exposure to a pulse of different HCH isomers. Irrespective of the addition of HCH, linA, linB, and linC were all expressed constitutively. In contrast, linD and linE were induced with α-HCH (2 mg/liter) and γ-HCH (7 mg/liter). A sharp increase in mRNA levels for linD and linE was observed from 10 to 45 min after the addition of α- or γ-HCH. Induction of linD and linE was not detectable upon the addition of 0.7 mg of γ-HCH per liter, although the compound was degraded by the cells. The addition of β-HCH (5 mg/liter) or δ-HCH (20 mg/liter) did not lead to linE and linD induction, despite the fact that 50% of the compounds were degraded. This suggests that degradation of β- and δ-HCH proceeds by a different pathway than that of α- and γ-HCH. PMID:15528530

Development of Efficient Charge-Selective Materials for Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-15

Cho, D. S. Ginger and A. K. Y. Jen, Advanced Materials, 2014, 26, 6262-6267. 17. N. Cho, C.-Z. Li, H.-L. Yip and A. K. Y. Jen, Energy...Solar Cells”, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015, ASAP. 4. J. H. Kim, P. W. Liang, S. T. Williams, N. C. Cho, C. C. Chueh, M. S. Glaz, D. S. Ginger , A. K.-Y...Kim, P. W. Liang, S. T. Williams, N. C. Cho, C. C. Chueh, M. S. Glaz, D. S. Ginger , A. K.-Y. Jen, 2015, ASAP. 7. P. W. Liang, C. C. Chueh, X. K

Wirtgen Remixer surface recycling U.S. 90 Jennings, LA. : construction report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1991-02-01

This report documents the surface recycling of 7.4 miles of route U.S. 90 from the junction of La 99 to Jennings, Louisiana. The specialized recycling equipment was provided and operated by Remixer Contracting Co., Inc. of Austin, Texas. Roadway prod...

lin-4 and the NRDE pathway are required to activate a transgenic lin-4 reporter but not the endogenous lin-4 locus in C. elegans.

PubMed

Jiao, Alan L; Foster, Daniel J; Dixon, Julia; Slack, Frank J

2018-01-01

As the founding member of the microRNA (miRNA) gene family, insights into lin-4 regulation and function have laid a conceptual foundation for countless miRNA-related studies that followed. We previously showed that a transcriptional lin-4 reporter in C. elegans was positively regulated by a lin-4-complementary element (LCE), and by lin-4 itself. In this study, we sought to (1) identify additional factors required for lin-4 reporter expression, and (2) validate the endogenous relevance of a potential positive autoregulatory mechanism of lin-4 expression. We report that all four core nuclear RNAi factors (nrde-1, nrde-2, nrde-3 and nrde-4), positively regulate lin-4 reporter expression. In contrast, endogenous lin-4 levels were largely unaffected in nrde-2;nrde-3 mutants. Further, an endogenous LCE deletion generated by CRISPR-Cas9 revealed that the LCE was also not necessary for the activity of the endogenous lin-4 promoter. Finally, mutations in mature lin-4 did not reduce primary lin-4 transcript levels. Taken together, these data indicate that under growth conditions that reveal effects at the transgenic locus, a direct, positive autoregulatory mechanism of lin-4 expression does not occur in the context of the endogenous lin-4 locus.

Cognitive Work Analysis: Foundations, Extensions, and Challenges

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-11-01

1 . Introduction A quarter of a century has passed since Jens Rasmussen published his first...achievements is the development of the cognitive work analysis framework itself, which has its origins in the work of Jens Rasmussen and his colleagues...intentionally blank UNCLASSIFIED DSTO-GD-0680 Contents 1 . INTRODUCTION

'Diamond Jenness': After the Grind

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

This microscopic imager mosaic taken by NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity shows the rock dubbed 'Diamond Jenness.' It was taken on sol 177 (July 23, 2004) after the rover first ground into the rock with its rock abrasion tool, or 'Rat.' The rover later ground into the rock a second time. A sliced spherule, or 'blueberry,' is visible in the upper left corner of the hole.

Opportunity has bored nearly a dozen holes into the inner walls of 'Endurance Crater.' On sols 177 and 178 (July 23 and July 24, 2004), the rover worked double-duty on Diamond Jenness. Surface debris and the bumpy shape of the rock resulted in a shallow and irregular hole, only about 2 millimeters (0.08 inch) deep. The final depth was not enough to remove all the bumps and leave a neat hole with a smooth floor. This extremely shallow depression was then examined by the rover's alpha particle X-ray spectrometer.

On Sol 178, Opportunity's 'robotic rodent' dined on Diamond Jenness once again, grinding almost an additional 5 millimeters (about 0.2 inch). The rover then applied its Moessbauer spectrometer to the deepened hole. This double dose of Diamond Jenness enabled the science team to examine the rock at varying layers. Results from those grindings are currently being analyzed.

The image mosaic is about 6 centimeters (2.4 inches) across.

LIN28 cooperates with WNT signaling to drive invasive intestinal and colorectal adenocarcinoma in mice and humans

PubMed Central

Tu, Ho-Chou; Schwitalla, Sarah; Qian, Zhirong; LaPier, Grace S.; Yermalovich, Alena; Ku, Yuan-Chieh; Chen, Shann-Ching; Viswanathan, Srinivas R.; Zhu, Hao; Nishihara, Reiko; Inamura, Kentaro; Kim, Sun A.; Morikawa, Teppei; Mima, Kosuke; Sukawa, Yasutaka; Yang, Juhong; Meredith, Gavin; Fuchs, Charles S.; Ogino, Shuji

2015-01-01

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major contributor to cancer-related mortality. LIN28A and LIN28B are highly related RNA-binding protein paralogs that regulate biogenesis of let-7 microRNAs and influence development, metabolism, tissue regeneration, and oncogenesis. Here we demonstrate that overexpression of either LIN28 paralog cooperates with the Wnt pathway to promote invasive intestinal adenocarcinoma in murine models. When LIN28 alone is induced genetically, half of the resulting tumors harbor Ctnnb1 (β-catenin) mutation. When overexpressed in ApcMin/+ mice, LIN28 accelerates tumor formation and enhances proliferation and invasiveness. In conditional genetic models, enforced expression of a LIN28-resistant form of the let-7 microRNA reduces LIN28-induced tumor burden, while silencing of LIN28 expression reduces tumor volume and increases tumor differentiation, indicating that LIN28 contributes to tumor maintenance. We detected aberrant expression of LIN28A and/or LIN28B in 38% of a large series of human CRC samples (n = 595), where LIN28 expression levels were associated with invasive tumor growth. Our late-stage CRC murine models and analysis of primary human tumors demonstrate prominent roles for both LIN28 paralogs in promoting CRC growth and progression and implicate the LIN28/let-7 pathway as a therapeutic target. PMID:25956904

Meet Jen Kurtz | NREL

Science.gov Websites

Denver. But truthfully, the group manager in NREL's hydrogen and fuel cells systems engineering group --are successful." Jen says that one of the biggest things in the mission space is that research around hydrogen infrastructure will help enable more than one advancement. "We want to increase

JEN-1 Reactor Control System; SISTEMA DE CONTROL DEL REACTOR JEN-1

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cantillo, M.F.; Nuno, C.M.; Andreu, J.L.M.

1963-01-01

ABS>The JEN-1 3Mw power swimming pool reactor electrical control circuits are described. Start-up, power generation in the core, and shutdown are controlled by the reactor control system. This control system guarantees in each moment the safety conditions during reactor operation. Each circuit was represented by a scheme, complemented with a description of its function, components, and operation theory. Components described include: scram circuit; fission counter control circuit; servo control circuit; control circuit of safety sheets; control circuits of primary, secondary, and clean-up pump motors and tower fan motor; primary valve motor circuit; center cubicle alarm circuit; and process alarm circuit.more » (auth)« less

Integrated control of transporter endocytosis and recycling by the arrestin-related protein Rod1 and the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5.

PubMed

Becuwe, Michel; Léon, Sébastien

2014-11-07

After endocytosis, membrane proteins can recycle to the cell membrane or be degraded in lysosomes. Cargo ubiquitylation favors their lysosomal targeting and can be regulated by external signals, but the mechanism is ill-defined. Here, we studied the post-endocytic trafficking of Jen1, a yeast monocarboxylate transporter, using microfluidics-assisted live-cell imaging. We show that the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5 and the glucose-regulated arrestin-related trafficking adaptors (ART) protein Rod1, involved in the glucose-induced internalization of Jen1, are also required for the post-endocytic sorting of Jen1 to the yeast lysosome. This new step takes place at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where Rod1 localizes dynamically upon triggering endocytosis. Indeed, transporter trafficking to the TGN after internalization is required for their degradation. Glucose removal promotes Rod1 relocalization to the cytosol and Jen1 deubiquitylation, allowing transporter recycling when the signal is only transient. Therefore, nutrient availability regulates transporter fate through the localization of the ART/Rsp5 ubiquitylation complex at the TGN.

MYCN-driven regulatory mechanisms controlling LIN28B in neuroblastoma

PubMed Central

Beckers, Anneleen; Van Peer, Gert; Carter, Daniel R.; Gartlgruber, Moritz; Herrmann, Carl; Agarwal, Saurabh; Helsmoortel, Hetty H.; Althoff, Kristina; Molenaar, Jan J.; Cheung, Belamy B.; Schulte, Johannes H.; Benoit, Yves; Shohet, Jason M.; Westermann, Frank; Marshall, Glenn M.; Vandesompele, Jo; De Preter, Katleen; Speleman, Frank

2016-01-01

LIN28B has been identified as an oncogene in various tumor entities, including neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer that originates from neural crest-derived cells, and is characterized by amplification of the MYCN oncogene. Recently, elevated LIN28B expression levels were shown to contribute to neuroblastoma tumorigenesis via let-7 dependent de-repression of MYCN. However, additional insight in the regulation of LIN28B in neuroblastoma is lacking. Therefore, we have performed a comprehensive analysis of the regulation of LIN28B in neuroblastoma, with a specific focus on the contribution of miRNAs. We show that MYCN regulates LIN28B expression in neuroblastoma tumors via two distinct parallel mechanisms. First, through an unbiased LIN28B-3′UTR reporter screen, we found that miR-26a-5p and miR-26b-5p regulate LIN28B expression. Next, we demonstrated that MYCN indirectly affects the expression of miR-26a-5p, and hence regulates LIN28B, therefor establishing a MYCN-miR-26a-5p-LIN28B regulatory axis. Second, we provide evidence that MYCN regulates LIN28B expression via interaction with the LIN28B promotor, establishing a direct MYCN-LIN28B regulatory axis. We believe that these findings mark LIN28B as an important effector of the MYCN oncogenic phenotype and underlines the importance of MYCN-regulated miRNAs in establishing the MYCN-driven oncogenic process. PMID:26123663

Lin28b is sufficient to drive liver cancer and necessary for its maintenance in murine models

PubMed Central

Nguyen, Liem H.; Robinton, Daisy A.; Seligson, Marc; Wu, Linwei; Li, Lin; Rakheja, Dinesh; Comerford, Sarah; Ramezani, Saleh; Sun, Xiankai; Parikh, Monisha; Yang, Erin; Powers, John T.; Shinoda, Gen; Shah, Samar; Hammer, Robert; Daley, George Q.; Zhu, Hao

2014-01-01

SUMMARY Lin28a/b are RNA-binding proteins that influence stem cell maintenance, metabolism, and oncogenesis. Poorly differentiated, aggressive cancers often overexpress Lin28, but its role in tumor initiation or maintenance has not been definitively addressed. We report that LIN28B overexpression is sufficient to initiate hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in murine models. We also detected Lin28b overexpression in MYC-driven hepatoblastomas, and liver-specific deletion of Lin28a/b reduced tumor burden, extended latency, and prolonged survival. Both intravenous siRNA against Lin28b and conditional Lin28b deletion reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival. Igf2bp proteins are upregulated and Igf2bp3 is required in the context of LIN28B overexpression to promote growth. Thus, multiple murine models demonstrate that Lin28b is both sufficient to initiate liver cancer and necessary for its maintenance. PMID:25117712

A Qualitative Look at Leisure Benefits for Taiwanese Nursing Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hsieh, Shwu-Ching; Spaulding, Angela; Riney, Mark

2004-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine attitudes of first year nursing students toward leisure participation at the Jen-Te Junior College of Medicine Nursing and Management in Miao-Li, Taiwan. The three research questions used for this study were: What types of leisure activities do first year nursing students at Jen-Te Junior College…

[Jennings Randolph Forum (3rd, Washington, District of Columbia, May 20-22, 1984).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

CAC Citizenship Education News, 1984

1984-01-01

This overview of the third annual Jennings Randolph Forum focuses on the role that election campaigns and the political process are capable of playing in citizenship education. Council for the Advancement of Citizenship (CAC) testimony on citizenship education follows a general overview of the conference proceedings. A set of mandates for…

Where Violence Lives: Notes for a Pedagogy of Aftermath

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jennings, Willie James

2015-01-01

In this article Willie James Jennings opens this discussion by noting that he lives in the midst of a North Carolina gun culture, the intensity of which is quite overwhelming. He asks how we might educate against the specific seductive powers of the weapon and especially the gun? As an educator, Jennings believes that clearly, the unmaking of…

Expected Position Error for an Onboard Satellite GPS Receiver

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

Committee Membership: Dr. Alan Jennings, PhD Chairman Dr. Eric D. Swenson, Ph.D. Member Dr. Marshall E. Haker , Ph.D. Member AFIT-ENY-MS-15-M-029 Abstract...acknowledge both Dr. Jennings and Maj Haker for taking on the role of being my advisor and as well as committee member at various times during this

William Jennings Bryan: Boy Orator, Broken Man and the "Evolution" of America's Public Philosophy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, Troy A.

2002-01-01

Perhaps more than any other figure in American history, William Jennings Bryan is remembered for specific and identifiable moments of rhetorical action: the much-revered 1896 "Cross of gold" speech and the much-maligned Scopes "monkey trial" of 1925. The dissonance between these two events, at least with respect to the ways in…

Late Bilinguals Share Syntax Unsparingly between L1 and L2: Evidence from Crosslinguistically Similar and Different Constructions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hwang, Heeju; Shin, Jeong-Ah; Hartsuiker, Robert J.

2018-01-01

Languages often use different constructions to convey the same meaning. For example, the meaning of a causative construction in English ("Jen had her computer fixed") is conveyed using an active structure in Korean ("Jen-NOM her computer-ACC fixed"), and yet little is known about how bilinguals represent and process such…

Mitochondrial Genomics and Northwestern Atlantic Population Genetics of Marine Annelids

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-09-01

surfclams , Spisula solidissima, in the western North Atlantic based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. Marine Biology, 146: 707-716. Hayden BP...Science 1930 and Engineering DOCTORAL DISSERTATION Mitochondrial Genomics and Northwestern Atlantic Population Genetics of Marine Annelids by Robert M...Jennings September 2005 MITIWHOI 2005-15 Mitochondrial Genomics and Northwestern Atlantic Population Genetics of Marine Annelids by Robert M. Jennings

'Diamond' in 3-D

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

This 3-D, microscopic imager mosaic of a target area on a rock called 'Diamond Jenness' was taken after NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity ground into the surface with its rock abrasion tool for a second time.

Opportunity has bored nearly a dozen holes into the inner walls of 'Endurance Crater.' On sols 177 and 178 (July 23 and July 24, 2004), the rover worked double-duty on Diamond Jenness. Surface debris and the bumpy shape of the rock resulted in a shallow and irregular hole, only about 2 millimeters (0.08 inch) deep. The final depth was not enough to remove all the bumps and leave a neat hole with a smooth floor. This extremely shallow depression was then examined by the rover's alpha particle X-ray spectrometer.

On Sol 178, Opportunity's 'robotic rodent' dined on Diamond Jenness once again, grinding almost an additional 5 millimeters (about 0.2 inch). The rover then applied its Moessbauer spectrometer to the deepened hole. This double dose of Diamond Jenness enabled the science team to examine the rock at varying layers. Results from those grindings are currently being analyzed.

The image mosaic is about 6 centimeters (2.4 inches) across.

Lin28a regulates germ cell pool size and fertility

PubMed Central

Shinoda, Gen; de Soysa, T. Yvanka; Seligson, Marc T.; Yabuuchi, Akiko; Fujiwara, Yuko; Huang, Pei Yi; Hagan, John P.; Gregory, Richard I.; Moss, Eric G.; Daley, George Q.

2013-01-01

Overexpression of LIN28A is associated with human germ cell tumors and promotes primordial germ cell (PGC) development from embryonic stem cells in vitro and in chimeric mice. Knockdown of Lin28a inhibits PGC development in vitro, but how constitutional Lin28a deficiency affects the mammalian reproductive system in vivo remains unknown. Here, we generated Lin28a knockout (KO) mice and found that Lin28a deficiency compromises the size of the germ cell pool in both males and females by affecting PGC proliferation during embryogenesis. Interestingly however, in Lin28a KO males the germ cell pool partially recovers during postnatal expansion, while fertility remains impaired in both males and females mated to wild type mice. Embryonic overexpression of let-7, a microRNA negatively regulated by Lin28a, reduces the germ cell pool, corroborating the role of the Lin28a/let-7 axis in regulating the germ lineage. PMID:23378032

Reciprocal Expression of lin-41 and the microRNAs let-7 and mir-125 During Mouse Embryogenesis

PubMed Central

Schulman, Betsy R. Maller; Esquela-Kerscher, Aurora; Slack, Frank J.

2008-01-01

In C. elegans, heterochronic genes control the timing of cell fate determination during development. Two heterochronic genes, let-7 and lin-4, encode microRNAs (miRNAs) that down-regulate a third heterochronic gene lin-41 by binding to complementary sites in its 3’UTR. let-7 and lin-4 are conserved in mammals. Here we report the cloning and sequencing of mammalian lin-41 orthologs. We find that mouse and human lin-41 genes contain predicted conserved complementary sites for let-7 and the lin-4 ortholog, mir-125, in their 3’UTRs. Mouse lin-41 (Mlin-41) is temporally expressed in developing mouse embryos, most dramatically in the limb buds. Mlin-41 is down-regulated during mid-embryogenesis at the time when mouse let-7c and mir-125 RNA levels are up-regulated. Our results suggest that mammalian lin-41 is temporally regulated by miRNAs in order to direct key developmental events such as limb formation. PMID:16247770

A Network of Genes Antagonistic to the LIN-35 Retinoblastoma Protein of Caenorhabditis elegans

PubMed Central

Polley, Stanley R. G.; Fay, David S.

2012-01-01

The Caenorhabditis elegans pRb ortholog, LIN-35, functions in a wide range of cellular and developmental processes. This includes a role of LIN-35 in nutrient utilization by the intestine, which it carries out redundantly with SLR-2, a zinc-finger protein. This and other redundant functions of LIN-35 were identified in genetic screens for mutations that display synthetic phenotypes in conjunction with loss of lin-35. To explore the intestinal role of LIN-35, we conducted a genome-wide RNA-interference-feeding screen for suppressors of lin-35; slr-2 early larval arrest. Of the 26 suppressors identified, 17 fall into three functional classes: (1) ribosome biogenesis genes, (2) mitochondrial prohibitins, and (3) chromatin regulators. Further characterization indicates that different categories of suppressors act through distinct molecular mechanisms. We also tested lin-35; slr-2 suppressors, as well as suppressors of the synthetic multivulval phenotype, to determine the spectrum of lin-35-synthetic phenotypes that could be suppressed following inhibition of these genes. We identified 19 genes, most of which are evolutionarily conserved, that can suppress multiple unrelated lin-35-synthetic phenotypes. Our study reveals a network of genes broadly antagonistic to LIN-35 as well as genes specific to the role of LIN-35 in intestinal and vulval development. Suppressors of multiple lin-35 phenotypes may be candidate targets for anticancer therapies. Moreover, screening for suppressors of phenotypically distinct synthetic interactions, which share a common altered gene, may prove to be a novel and effective approach for identifying genes whose activities are most directly relevant to the core functions of the shared gene. PMID:22542970

Lin28 induces resistance to anti-androgens via promotion of AR splice variant generation.

PubMed

Tummala, Ramakumar; Nadiminty, Nagalakshmi; Lou, Wei; Evans, Christopher P; Gao, Allen C

2016-04-01

Prostate cancer (PCa) is androgen-dependent initially and progresses to a castration-resistant state after androgen deprivation therapy. Treatment options for castration-resistant PCa include the potent second-generation anti-androgen enzalutamide or CYP17A1 inhibitor abiraterone. Recent clinical observations point to the development of resistance to these therapies which may be mediated by constitutively active alternative splice variants of the androgen receptor (AR). Sensitivity of LNCaP cells overexpressing Lin28 (LN-Lin28) to enzalutamide, abiraterone, or bicalutamide was compared to that of control LN-neo cells using cell growth assays, proliferation assays using MTT, anchorage-dependent clonogenic ability assays and soft agar assays. Ability of LN-Lin28 cells to maintain AR activation after treatment with enzalutamide, abiraterone, or bicalutamide was tested using immunofluorescence, Western blotting, ChIP assays, and qRT-PCR. Importance of Lin28 in enzalutamide resistance was assessed by the downregulation of Lin28 expression in C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells chronically treated with enzalutamide. Requirement for sustained AR signaling in LN-Lin28 cells was examined by the downregulation of either full length AR or AR-V7 using siRNA. We show that Lin28 promotes the development of resistance to currently used targeted therapeutics by enhancing the expression of AR splice variants such as AR-V7. PCa cells overexpressing Lin28 exhibit resistance to treatment with enzalutamide, abiraterone, or bicalutamide. Downregulation of Lin28 resensitizes enzalutamide-resistant PCa cells to enzalutamide treatment. We also show that the upregulation of splicing factors such as hnRNPA1 by Lin28 may mediate the enhanced generation of AR splice variants in Lin28-expressing cells. Our findings suggest that Lin28 plays a key role in the acquisition of resistance to AR-targeted therapies by PCa cells and establish the importance of Lin28 in PCa progression. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The Lin28 Expression in Stallion Testes.

PubMed

Lee, Geumhui; Jung, Heejun; Yoon, Minjung

2016-01-01

The molecular markers for specific germ cell stages can be utilized for identifying, monitoring, and separating a particular stage of germ cells. The RNA-binding protein Lin28 is expressed in gonocytes of human fetal testes. The Lin28 expression is restricted to a very small population of spermatogonial cells in human, mice, and monkey. The main objective of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of Lin28 in stallion testes at different reproductive stages. Based on the presence or absence of full spermatogenesis and lumina in seminiferous tubules, the testicular samples were categorized into two reproductive stages pre-pubertal and post-pubertal. We performed a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to confirm the presence of Lin28 mRNA in the testicular tissues and a western blot analysis to verify the cross-reactivity of rabbit Lin28 antibody with horse testicular tissue. For immunohistochemistry, Lin28 (rabbit anti-human), GATA4 (goat anti-human) or DAZL (goat anti-human) antibodies were used. The results of RT-PCR confirmed the expression of Lin28 mRNA in the stallion testes. The western blot analysis showed that the expression of 28 kDa Lin28 protein was localized in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia at both reproductive stages. The numbers of Lin28-positive germ cells per 1000 Sertoli cells in pre- and post-pubertal stages were 253 ± 8.66 and 29.67 ± 2.18, respectively. At both reproductive stages, all Lin28 positive cells showed no co-stained with GATA4 antibody, whereas only some of the Lin28-positive germ cells showed co-staining with DAZL antibody. The results from whole-mount staining showed that the Lin28 expression was limited to Asingle (As) and Apaired (Apr) spermatogonia. In conclusion, Lin28 might be utilized as a molecular marker for undifferentiated spermatogonial stem cells when used with DAZL antibody.

The Lin28 Expression in Stallion Testes

PubMed Central

Yoon, Minjung

2016-01-01

The molecular markers for specific germ cell stages can be utilized for identifying, monitoring, and separating a particular stage of germ cells. The RNA-binding protein Lin28 is expressed in gonocytes of human fetal testes. The Lin28 expression is restricted to a very small population of spermatogonial cells in human, mice, and monkey. The main objective of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of Lin28 in stallion testes at different reproductive stages. Based on the presence or absence of full spermatogenesis and lumina in seminiferous tubules, the testicular samples were categorized into two reproductive stages pre-pubertal and post-pubertal. We performed a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to confirm the presence of Lin28 mRNA in the testicular tissues and a western blot analysis to verify the cross-reactivity of rabbit Lin28 antibody with horse testicular tissue. For immunohistochemistry, Lin28 (rabbit anti-human), GATA4 (goat anti-human) or DAZL (goat anti-human) antibodies were used. The results of RT-PCR confirmed the expression of Lin28 mRNA in the stallion testes. The western blot analysis showed that the expression of 28 kDa Lin28 protein was localized in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia at both reproductive stages. The numbers of Lin28-positive germ cells per 1000 Sertoli cells in pre- and post-pubertal stages were 253 ± 8.66 and 29.67 ± 2.18, respectively. At both reproductive stages, all Lin28 positive cells showed no co-stained with GATA4 antibody, whereas only some of the Lin28-positive germ cells showed co-staining with DAZL antibody. The results from whole-mount staining showed that the Lin28 expression was limited to Asingle (As) and Apaired (Apr) spermatogonia. In conclusion, Lin28 might be utilized as a molecular marker for undifferentiated spermatogonial stem cells when used with DAZL antibody. PMID:27798668

Lin-28 binds IGF-2 mRNA and participates in skeletal myogenesis by increasing translation efficiency.

PubMed

Polesskaya, Anna; Cuvellier, Sylvain; Naguibneva, Irina; Duquet, Arnaud; Moss, Eric G; Harel-Bellan, Annick

2007-05-01

Lin-28 is a highly conserved, RNA-binding, microRNA-regulated protein that is involved in regulation of developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans. In mammals, Lin-28 is stage-specifically expressed in embryonic muscle, neurons, and epithelia, as well as in embryonic carcinoma cells, but is suppressed in most adult tissues, with the notable exception of skeletal and cardiac muscle. The specific function and mechanism of action of Lin-28 are not well understood. Here we used loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays in cultured myoblasts to show that expression of Lin-28 is essential for skeletal muscle differentiation in mice. In order to elucidate the specific function of Lin-28, we used a combination of biochemical and functional assays, which revealed that, in differentiating myoblasts, Lin-28 binds to the polysomes and increases the efficiency of protein synthesis. An important target of Lin-28 is IGF-2, a crucial growth and differentiation factor for muscle tissue. Interaction of Lin-28 with translation initiation complexes in skeletal myoblasts and in the embryonic carcinoma cell line P19 was confirmed by localization of Lin-28 to the stress granules, temporary structures that contain stalled mRNA-protein translation complexes. Our results unravel novel mechanisms of translational regulation in skeletal muscle and suggest that Lin-28 performs the role of "translational enhancer" in embryonic and adult cells and tissues.

Dynamic gene expression of Lin-28 during embryonic development in mouse and chicken.

PubMed

Yokoyama, Shigetoshi; Hashimoto, Megumi; Shimizu, Hirohito; Ueno-Kudoh, Hiroe; Uchibe, Kenta; Kimura, Ichiro; Asahara, Hiroshi

2008-02-01

The Caenorhabditis elegans heterochronic gene lin-28 regulates developmental timing in the nematode trunk. We report the dynamic expression patterns of Lin-28 homologues in mouse and chick embryos. Whole mount in situ hybridization revealed specific and intriguing expression patterns of Lin-28 in the developing mouse and chick limb bud. Mouse Lin-28 expression was detected in both the forelimb and hindlimb at E9.5, but disappeared from the forelimb at E10.5, and finally from the forelimb and hindlimb at E11.5. Chicken Lin-28, which was first detected in the limb primordium at stage 15/16, was also downregulated as the stage proceeded. The amino acid sequences of mouse and chicken Lin-28 genes are highly conserved and the similar expression patterns of Lin-28 during limb development in mouse and chicken suggest that this heterochronic gene is also conserved during vertebrate limb development.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ambrose, R.L.; Mackenzie, J.M., E-mail: jason.mackenzie@unimelb.edu.au

The West Nile virus strain Kunjin virus (WNV{sub KUN}) NS4A protein is a multifunctional protein involved in many aspects of the virus life-cycle and is a major component of the WNV{sub KUN} replication complex (RC). Previously we identified a conserved region in the C-terminus of NS4A regulating proteolytic processing and RC assembly, and now investigate key conserved residues in the N-terminus of NS4A and their contribution to WNV{sub KUN} replication. Mutation of P13 completely ablated replication, whereas, mutation of P48 and D49, near the first transmembrane helix, and G66 within the helix, showed variable defects in replication, virion secretion andmore » membrane proliferation. Intriguingly, the P48 and G66 NS4A mutants resulted in specific proteasome depletion of NS4A that could in part be rescued with a proteasome inhibitor. Our results suggest that the N-terminus of NS4A contributes to correct folding and stability, essential for facilitating the essential roles of NS4A during replication. - Highlights: • Mutation of Proline13 of the WNV NS4A protein is lethal to replication. • 1st TMB helix of NS4A contributes to protein stability and membrane remodelling. • Unstable mutants of NS4A can be rescued with a proteasome inhibitor. • This study (and of others) contributes to a functional mapping of the NS4A protein.« less

Stepwise assembly of multiple Lin28 proteins on the terminal loop of let-7 miRNA precursors

PubMed Central

Desjardins, Alexandre; Bouvette, Jonathan; Legault, Pascale

2014-01-01

Lin28 inhibits the biogenesis of let-7 miRNAs through direct interactions with let-7 precursors. Previous studies have described seemingly inconsistent Lin28 binding sites on pre-let-7 RNAs. Here, we reconcile these data by examining the binding mechanism of Lin28 to the terminal loop of pre-let-7g (TL-let-7g) using biochemical and biophysical methods. First, we investigate Lin28 binding to TL-let-7g variants and short RNA fragments and identify three independent binding sites for Lin28 on TL-let-7g. We then determine that Lin28 assembles in a stepwise manner on TL-let-7g to form a stable 1:3 complex. We show that the cold-shock domain (CSD) of Lin28 is responsible for remodelling the terminal loop of TL-let-7g, whereas the NCp7-like domain facilitates the initial binding of Lin28 to TL-let-7g. This stable binding of multiple Lin28 molecules to the terminal loop of pre-let-7g extends to other precursors of the let-7 family, but not to other pre-miRNAs tested. We propose a model for stepwise assembly of the 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 pre-let-7g/Lin28 complexes. Stepwise multimerization of Lin28 on pre-let-7 is required for maximum inhibition of Dicer cleavage for a least one member of the let-7 family and may be important for orchestrating the activity of the several factors that regulate let-7 biogenesis. PMID:24452802

Multiple transcription factors directly regulate Hox gene lin-39 expression in ventral hypodermal cells of the C. elegans embryo and larva, including the hypodermal fate regulators LIN-26 and ELT-6.

PubMed

Liu, Wan-Ju; Reece-Hoyes, John S; Walhout, Albertha J M; Eisenmann, David M

2014-05-13

Hox genes encode master regulators of regional fate specification during early metazoan development. Much is known about the initiation and regulation of Hox gene expression in Drosophila and vertebrates, but less is known in the non-arthropod invertebrate model system, C. elegans. The C. elegans Hox gene lin-39 is required for correct fate specification in the midbody region, including the Vulval Precursor Cells (VPCs). To better understand lin-39 regulation and function, we aimed to identify transcription factors necessary for lin-39 expression in the VPCs, and in particular sought factors that initiate lin-39 expression in the embryo. We used the yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) method to screen for factors that bound to 13 fragments from the lin-39 region: twelve fragments contained sequences conserved between C. elegans and two other nematode species, while one fragment was known to drive reporter gene expression in the early embryo in cells that generate the VPCs. Sixteen transcription factors that bind to eight lin-39 genomic fragments were identified in yeast, and we characterized several factors by verifying their physical interactions in vitro, and showing that reduction of their function leads to alterations in lin-39 levels and lin-39::GFP reporter expression in vivo. Three factors, the orphan nuclear hormone receptor NHR-43, the hypodermal fate regulator LIN-26, and the GATA factor ELT-6 positively regulate lin-39 expression in the embryonic precursors to the VPCs. In particular, ELT-6 interacts with an enhancer that drives GFP expression in the early embryo, and the ELT-6 site we identified is necessary for proper embryonic expression. These three factors, along with the factors ZTF-17, BED-3 and TBX-9, also positively regulate lin-39 expression in the larval VPCs. These results significantly expand the number of factors known to directly bind and regulate lin-39 expression, identify the first factors required for lin-39 expression in the embryo, and hint at a positive feedback mechanism involving GATA factors that maintains lin-39 expression in the vulval lineage. This work indicates that, as in other organisms, the regulation of Hox gene expression in C. elegans is complicated, redundant and robust.

Fetal deficiency of Lin28 programs life-long aberrations in growth and glucose metabolism

PubMed Central

Shinoda, Gen; Shyh-Chang, Ng; de Soysa, T. Yvanka; Zhu, Hao; Seligson, Marc T.; Shah, Samar P.; Abo-Sido, Nora; Yabuuchi, Akiko; Hagan, John P.; Gregory, Richard I.; Asara, John M.; Cantley, Lewis C.; Moss, Eric G.; Daley, George Q.

2013-01-01

LIN28A/B are RNA binding proteins implicated by genetic association studies in human growth and glucose metabolism. Mice with ectopic over-expression of Lin28a have shown related phenotypes. Here we describe the first comprehensive analysis of the physiologic consequences of Lin28a and Lin28b deficiency in knockout (KO) mice. Lin28a/b-deficiency led to dwarfism starting at different ages, and compound gene deletions showed a cumulative dosage effect on organismal growth. Conditional gene deletion at specific developmental stages revealed that fetal but neither neonatal nor adult deficiency resulted in growth defects and aberrations in glucose metabolism. Tissue-specific KO mice implicated skeletal muscle-deficiency in the abnormal programming of adult growth and metabolism. The effects of Lin28b KO can be rescued by Tsc1 haplo-insufficiency in skeletal muscles. Our data implicate fetal expression of Lin28a/b in the regulation of life-long effects on metabolism and growth, and demonstrate that fetal Lin28b acts at least in part via mTORC1 signaling. PMID:23666760

Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-02-23

Minamitane elementary school girls pose for a photo in front of a sign featuring the town's mascot "Chuta-kun", Sunday, Feb. 23, 2014, Tanegashima Island, Japan. The Chuta-kun mascot rides a rocket and has guns on the side of his helmet to show the areas history as the site of the first known contact of Europe and the Japanese, in 1543 and the introduction of the gun. A Japanese H-IIA rocket carrying the NASA-Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory is planned for launch from the space center on Feb. 28, 2014. Once launched, the GPM spacecraft will collect information that unifies data from an international network of existing and future satellites to map global rainfall and snowfall every three hours. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Lin28a protects against postinfarction myocardial remodeling and dysfunction through Sirt1 activation and autophagy enhancement.

PubMed

Hao, Yuanyuan; Lu, Qun; Yang, Guodong; Ma, Aiqun

2016-10-28

Myocardial remodeling and cardiac dysfunction prevention may represent a therapeutic approach to reduce mortality in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). We investigated the effects of Lin28a in experimental MI models, as well as the mechanisms underlying these effects. Left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation was used to construct an MI-induced injury model. Neonatal cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured to investigate the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of Lin28a against MI-induced injury. Lin28a significantly inhibited left ventricular remodeling and cardiac dysfunction after MI, as demonstrated via echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements. Lin28a reduced cardiac enzyme and inflammatory marker release in mice subjected to MI-induced injury. The mechanisms underlying the protective effects of Lin28a against MI-induced injury were associated with autophagy enhancements and apoptosis inhibition. Consistent with these findings, Lin28a knockdown aggravated cardiac remodeling and dysfunction after MI-induced injury. Lin28a knockdown also inhibited cardiomyocyte autophagy and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice subjected to MI-induced injury. Interestingly, Sirt1 knockdown abolished the protective effects of Lin28a against cardiac remodeling and dysfunction after MI, and Lin28a failed to increase the numbers of GFP-LC3-positive punctae and decrease aggresome and p62 accumulation in Sirt1-knockdown neonatal cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia-induced injury. Lin28a inhibits cardiac remodeling, improves cardiac function, and reduces cardiac enzyme and inflammatory marker release after MI. Lin28a also up-regulates cardiomyocyte autophagy and inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis through Sirt1 activation. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Detection of Human Fatigue

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-08-05

research (Lacey, 1974; Jennings, 1992; van der Molen , 2000; Somsen, 2004) using principally fixed foreperiod reaction time tasks demonstrated that in...U.S. Department of Transportation DOT/FAA/AM-99/28. Somsen R.J., Jennings J.R., Van der Molen M.W. (Nov 2004). The cardiac cycle time effect revisited...Temporal dynamics of the central-vagal modulation of heart rate in human reaction time tasks. Psychophysiology. 41(6), pp. 941-953. Van der Molen , M

LIN9, a Subunit of the DREAM Complex, Regulates Mitotic Gene Expression and Proliferation of Embryonic Stem Cells

PubMed Central

Esterlechner, Jasmina; Reichert, Nina; Iltzsche, Fabian; Krause, Michael; Finkernagel, Florian; Gaubatz, Stefan

2013-01-01

The DREAM complex plays an important role in regulation of gene expression during the cell cycle. We have previously shown that the DREAM subunit LIN9 is required for early embryonic development and for the maintenance of the inner cell mass in vitro. In this study we examined the effect of knocking down LIN9 on ESCs. We demonstrate that depletion of LIN9 alters the cell cycle distribution of ESCs and results in an accumulation of cells in G2 and M and in an increase of polyploid cells. Genome-wide expression studies showed that the depletion of LIN9 results in downregulation of mitotic genes and in upregulation of differentiation-specific genes. ChIP-on chip experiments showed that mitotic genes are direct targets of LIN9 while lineage specific markers are regulated indirectly. Importantly, depletion of LIN9 does not alter the expression of pluripotency markers SOX2, OCT4 and Nanog and LIN9 depleted ESCs retain alkaline phosphatase activity. We conclude that LIN9 is essential for proliferation and genome stability of ESCs by activating genes with important functions in mitosis and cytokinesis. PMID:23667535

Characterization of two Listeria innocua chitinases of different sizes that were expressed in Escherichia coli.

PubMed

Honda, Shotaro; Wakita, Satoshi; Sugahara, Yasusato; Kawakita, Masao; Oyama, Fumitaka; Sakaguchi, Masayoshi

2016-09-01

Two putative chitinase genes, lin0153 and lin1996, from the nonpathogenic bacterium Listeria innocua were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the gene products were characterized. The genes were close homologs of chitinases from the pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, in which chitinases and chitin-binding proteins play important roles in pathogenesis in mice-infection models. The purified recombinant enzymes that are different in size, LinChi78 (lin0153 product) and LinChi35 (lin1996 product)-with molecular masses of 82 and 38 kDa, including vector-derived additional sequences, respectively-exhibited optimum catalytic activity under neutral and acidic conditions at 50 °C, respectively, and were stable over broad pH (4-11) and temperature (4-40 °C) ranges. LinChi35 displayed higher k cat and K M values for 4-nitrophenyl N,N-diacetyl-β-D-chitobioside [4NP-(GlcNAc)2] than LinChi78. Both enzymes produced primarily dimers from colloidal chitin as a substrate. However, LinChi78 and LinChi35 could hydrolyze oligomeric substrates in a processive exo- and nonprocessive endo-manner, respectively, and showed different reactivity toward oligomeric substrates. Both enzymes could bind chitin beads but were different in their binding ability toward crystalline α-chitin and cellulose. The structure-function relationships of these chitinases are discussed in reference to other bacterial chitinases.

Retraction Statement: "High-Volumetric Performance Aligned Nano-Porous Microwave Exfoliated Graphite Oxide-based Electrochemical Capacitors" and "Aligned Nano-Porous Microwave Exfoliated Graphite Oxide Ionic Actuators with High Strain and Elastic Energy Density".

PubMed

2016-11-01

These articles first published on 15 August 2013 and 21 August 2013 on the Wiley Online Library have been retracted at the request of the Research Integrity Officer (RIO) of The Pennsylvania State University, in agreement with the corresponding authors, the journal's Editor-in-Chief, and Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, because portions of the reported results cannot be considered reliable or reproducible. Following an investigation by the RIO of The Pennsylvania State University, it was found that the data in Figure 2a,b and Figure S1a,b (Supporting Information) of the article with DOI: 10.1002/adma.201301243, and Figure S3 (Supporting Information) of the article with DOI: 10.1002/adma.201301370 were falsified. Data regarding the carbon electrode material, A-aMEGO, reported to have a density of 1.15 g cm -3 , in the article with DOI: 10.1002/adma.201301243, were falsified. The RIO of The Pennsylvania State University confirms that the investigation found that the mentioned data were falsified by the first author. No findings of research misconduct were made against the co-authors of these publications. [1] M. Ghaffari, Y. Zhou, H. Xu, M. Lin, T. Y. Kim, R. S. Ruoff, Q. M. Zhang, Adv. Mater. 25: 2013, 4879. doi:10.1002/adma.201301243 [2] M. Ghaffari, W. Kinsman, Y. Zhou, S. Murali, Q. Burlingame, M. Lin, R. S. Ruoff, Q. M. Zhang, Adv. Mater. 25: 2013, 6277. doi:10.1002/adma.201301370. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

DPL-1 DP, LIN-35 Rb and EFL-1 E2F act with the MCD-1 zinc-finger protein to promote programmed cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans.

PubMed

Reddien, Peter W; Andersen, Erik C; Huang, Michael C; Horvitz, H Robert

2007-04-01

The genes egl-1, ced-9, ced-4, and ced-3 play major roles in programmed cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans. To identify genes that have more subtle activities, we sought mutations that confer strong cell-death defects in a genetically sensitized mutant background. Specifically, we screened for mutations that enhance the cell-death defects caused by a partial loss-of-function allele of the ced-3 caspase gene. We identified mutations in two genes not previously known to affect cell death, dpl-1 and mcd-1 (modifier of cell death). dpl-1 encodes the C. elegans homolog of DP, the human E2F-heterodimerization partner. By testing genes known to interact with dpl-1, we identified roles in cell death for four additional genes: efl-1 E2F, lin-35 Rb, lin-37 Mip40, and lin-52 dLin52. mcd-1 encodes a novel protein that contains one zinc finger and that is synthetically required with lin-35 Rb for animal viability. dpl-1 and mcd-1 act with efl-1 E2F and lin-35 Rb to promote programmed cell death and do so by regulating the killing process rather than by affecting the decision between survival and death. We propose that the DPL-1 DP, MCD-1 zinc finger, EFL-1 E2F, LIN-35 Rb, LIN-37 Mip40, and LIN-52 dLin52 proteins act together in transcriptional regulation to promote programmed cell death.

LIN28 phosphorylation by MAPK/ERK couples signaling to the post-transcriptional control of pluripotency

PubMed Central

Tsanov, Kaloyan M.; Pearson, Daniel S.; Wu, Zhaoting; Han, Areum; Triboulet, Robinson; Seligson, Marc T.; Powers, John T.; Osborne, Jihan K.; Kane, Susan; Gygi, Steven P.; Gregory, Richard I.; Daley, George Q.

2016-01-01

Signaling and post-transcriptional gene control are both critical for the regulation of pluripotency1,2, yet how they are integrated to influence cell identity remains poorly understood. LIN28 (also known as LIN28A), a highly conserved RNA-binding protein (RBP), has emerged as a central post-transcriptional regulator of cell fate through blockade of let-7 microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis and direct modulation of mRNA translation3. Here we show that LIN28 is phosphorylated by MAPK/ERK in pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), which increases its levels via post-translational stabilization. LIN28 phosphorylation had little impact on let-7 but enhanced LIN28’s effect on its direct mRNA targets, revealing a mechanism that uncouples LIN28’s let-7-dependent and independent activities. We have linked this mechanism to the induction of pluripotency by somatic cell reprogramming and the transition from naïve to primed pluripotency. Collectively, our findings indicate that MAPK/ERK directly impacts LIN28, defining an axis that connects signaling, post-transcriptional gene control, and cell fate regulation. PMID:27992407

[Singing formant analysis of KunQu actors in their mutation and grown-up].

PubMed

Zhu, Mei; Zhang, Dao-Xing; Liu, Yong-Xiang; Yang, Xiao-ju

2005-04-01

To compare the singing formant differences between successful opera actors and non-successful opera actors during their adolescence period, and to compare the same index between adolescence and adult period of successful actors. From 1985 to 1986, the author had 21 adolescent actors' voice recorded, all of them were from Beijing KunQu opera troupe. In 2000, all the 21 subjects had their voice recorded and singing formant (Fs) analyzed by using computer and sound spectrograph, 7 of them had become adult actors, others quitted their actors career after adolescents period. Successful actors have obvious Fs, and stronger acoustic energy; successful actors had weaker Fs value during adolescence period than during adult period (t = 2. 9600, P < 0.05). Fs's presence and its acoustic energy were important to evaluate adolescent actors future locality potential.

The ubiquitin ligase LIN41/TRIM71 targets p53 to antagonize cell death and differentiation pathways during stem cell differentiation

PubMed Central

Nguyen, Duong Thi Thuy; Richter, Daniel; Michel, Geert; Mitschka, Sibylle; Kolanus, Waldemar; Cuevas, Elisa; Gregory Wulczyn, F

2017-01-01

Rapidity and specificity are characteristic features of proteolysis mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Therefore, the UPS is ideally suited for the remodeling of the embryonic stem cell proteome during the transition from pluripotent to differentiated states and its inverse, the generation of inducible pluripotent stem cells. The Trim-NHL family member LIN41 is among the first E3 ubiquitin ligases to be linked to stem cell pluripotency and reprogramming. Initially discovered in C. elegans as a downstream target of the let-7 miRNA, LIN41 is now recognized as a critical regulator of stem cell fates as well as the timing of neurogenesis. Despite being indispensable for embryonic development and neural tube closure in mice, the underlying mechanisms for LIN41 function in these processes are poorly understood. To better understand the specific contributions of the E3 ligase activity for the stem cell functions of LIN41, we characterized global changes in ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like modifications using Lin41-inducible mouse embryonic stem cells. The tumor suppressor protein p53 was among the five most strongly affected proteins in cells undergoing neural differentiation in response to LIN41 induction. We show that LIN41 interacts with p53, controls its abundance by ubiquitination and antagonizes p53-dependent pro-apoptotic and pro-differentiation responses. In vivo, the lack of LIN41 is associated with upregulation of Grhl3 and widespread caspase-3 activation, two downstream effectors of p53 with essential roles in neural tube closure. As Lin41-deficient mice display neural tube closure defects, we conclude that LIN41 is critical for the regulation of p53 functions in cell fate specification and survival during early brain development. PMID:28430184

The role of lin-22, a hairy/enhancer of split homolog, in patterning the peripheral nervous system of C. elegans.

PubMed

Wrischnik, L A; Kenyon, C J

1997-08-01

In C. elegans, six lateral epidermal stem cells, the seam cells V1-V6, are located in a row along the anterior-posterior (A/P) body axis. Anterior seam cells (V1-V4) undergo a fairly simple sequence of stem cell divisions and generate only epidermal cells. Posterior seam cells (V5 and V6) undergo a more complicated sequence of cell divisions that include additional rounds of stem cell proliferation and the production of neural as well as epidermal cells. In the wild type, activity of the gene lin-22 allows V1-V4 to generate their normal epidermal lineages rather than V5-like lineages. lin-22 activity is also required to prevent additional neurons from being produced by one branch of the V5 lineage. We find that the lin-22 gene exhibits homology to the Drosophila gene hairy, and that lin-22 activity represses neural development within the V5 lineage by blocking expression of the posterior-specific Hox gene mab-5 in specific cells. In addition, in order to prevent anterior V cells from generating V5-like lineages, wild-type lin-22 gene activity must inhibit (directly or indirectly) at least five downstream regulatory gene activities. In anterior body regions, lin-22(+) inhibits expression of the Hox gene mab-5. It also inhibits the activity of the achaete-scute homolog lin-32 and an unidentified gene that we postulate regulates stem cell division. Each of these three genes is required for the expression of a different piece of the ectopic V5-like lineages generated in lin-22 mutants. In addition, lin-22 activity prevents two other Hox genes, lin-39 and egl-5, from acquiring new activities within their normal domains of function along the A/P body axis. Some, but not all, of the patterning activities of lin-22 in C. elegans resemble those of hairy in Drosophila.

In vitro expansion of Lin+ and Lin- mononuclear cells from human peripheral blood

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Norhaiza, H. Siti; Rohaya, M. A. W.; Zarina, Z. A. Intan; Hisham, Z. A. Shahrul

2013-11-01

Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are used in the therapy of blood disorders due to the ability of these cells to reconstitute haematopoietic lineage cells when transplanted into myeloablative recipients. However, substantial number of cells is required in order for the reconstitution to take place. Since HSCs present in low frequency, larger number of donor is required to accommodate the demand of transplantable HSCs. Therefore, in vitro expansion of HSCs will have profound impact on clinical purposes. The aim of this study was to expand lineage negative (Lin-) stem cells from human peripheral blood. Total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) were fractionated from human blood by density gradient centrifugation. Subsequently, PBMNCs were subjected to magnetic assisted cell sorter (MACS) which depletes lineage positive (Lin+) mononuclear cells expressing lineage positive markers such as CD2, CD3, CD11b, CD14, CD15, CD16, CD19, CD56, CD123, and CD235a to obtained Lin- cell population. The ability of Lin+ and Lin- to survive in vitro was explored by culturing both cell populations in complete medium consisting of Alpha-Minimal Essential Medium (AMEM) +10% (v/v) Newborn Calf Serum (NBCS)+ 2% (v/v) pen/strep. In another experiment, Lin+ and Lin- were cultured with complete medium supplemented with 10ng/mL of the following growth factors: stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin (IL)-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), 2IU/mL of Erythropoietin (Epo) and 20ng/mL of IL-6. Three samples were monitored in static culture for 22 days. The expansion potential was assessed by the number of total viable cells, counted by trypan blue exclusion assay. It was found that Lin+ mononuclear cells were not able to survive either in normal proliferation medium or proliferation medium supplemented with cytokines. Similarly, Lin- stem cells were not able to survive in proliferation medium however, addition of cytokines into the proliferation medium support Lin- stem cells for at least 18 days. The Lin- stem cells started to response to the cytokines added as early as Day 2 of culture. It is concluded that Lin- stem cells can be expanded in vitro by culturing in proliferation medium supplemented with cytokines.

A Cross-Grade Study Validating the Evolutionary Pathway of Student Mental Models in Electric Circuits

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lin, Jing-Wen

2017-01-01

Cross-grade studies are valuable for the development of sequential curriculum. However such studies are time and resource intensive and fail to provide a clear representation to integrate different levels of representational complexity. Lin (Lin, 2006; Lin & Chiu, 2006; Lin, Chiu, & Hsu, 2006) proposed a cladistics approach in conceptual…

Using a Tracking System to Improve Prostate Cancer Screening and Follow-up in a Small Urban Community

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-05-01

clinical practice, attention is directed toward informing the general public about them. In the late 1980 ’s, the Prostate Cancer Education Council...impact of abnormal mammograms on psychosocial outcomes and subsequent screening. PsychoOncology, 9, 402-410. Myers, R.E., Hyslop T., Jennings-Dozier, K...impact of abnormal mammograms on psychosocial outcomes and subsequent screening. PsychoOncology, 9, 402- 410. Myers, R.E., Hyslop T., Jennings-Dozier, K

Nine Years of Cooperation: The US-German Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Helicopter Aeromechanics 2003-2012

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

Hamers , Mario, Lantzsch, Robin, Wolfram, Jens: First Control System Evalua- tion of the Research Helicopter FHS, 33rd European Rotorcraft Forum, Kazan...62nd Annual Forum of the AHS, Phoenix, AZ, 2006 [65] Brenner, Hanno, Hamers , Mario: Preparatory Activities for CH-53 Flight Tests with a Slung...Wolfram, Jens, Hamers , Mario: Increasing Handling Qualities and Flight Control Performance using an Air Resonance Controller. 64th Annual Forum of

Toward a Pragmatist Epistemology: Arthur O. Lovejoy's and H. S. Jennings's Biophilosophical Responses to Neovitalism, 1909-1914.

PubMed

Russell, Doug

2015-01-01

The sustained interdisciplinary debate about neovitalism between two Johns Hopkins University colleagues, philosopher Arthur O. Lovejoy and experimental geneticist H. S. Jennings, in the period 1911-1914, was the basis for their theoretical reconceptualization of scientific knowledge as contingent and necessarily incomplete in its account of nature. Their response to Hans Driesch's neovitalist concept of entelechy, and his challenge to the continuity between biology and the inorganic sciences, resulted in a historically significant articulation of genetics and philosophy. This study traces the debate's shift of problem-focus away from neovitalism's threat to the unity of science - "organic autonomy," as Lovejoy put it - and toward the potential for development of a nonmechanististic, nonrationalist theory of scientific knowledge. The result was a new pragmatist epistemology, based on Lovejoy's and Jennings's critiques of the inadequacy of pragmatism's account of scientific knowledge. The first intellectual move, drawing on naturalism and pragmatism, was based on a reinterpretation of science as organized experience. The second, sparked by Henri Bergson's theory of creative evolution, and drawing together elements of Dewey's and James's pragmatisms, produced a new account of the contingency and necessary incompleteness of scientific knowledge. Prompted by the neovitalists' mix of a priori concepts and, in Driesch's case, and adherence to empiricism, Lovejoy's and Jennings's developing pragmatist epistemologies of science explored the interrelation between rationalism and empiricism.

Subconjunctival Hemorrhage (Broken Blood Vessel in Eye)

MedlinePlus

Subconjunctival hemorrhage (broken blood vessel in eye) Overview A subconjunctival hemorrhage (sub-kun-JUNK-tih-vul HEM-uh-ruj) ... may not even realize you have a subconjunctival hemorrhage until you look in the mirror and notice ...

Importance of the pluripotency factor LIN28 in the mammalian nucleolus during early embryonic development.

PubMed

Vogt, Edgar J; Meglicki, Maciej; Hartung, Kristina Ilka; Borsuk, Ewa; Behr, Rüdiger

2012-12-01

The maternal nucleolus is required for proper activation of the embryonic genome (EGA) and early embryonic development. Nucleologenesis is characterized by the transformation of a nucleolar precursor body (NPB) to a mature nucleolus during preimplantation development. However, the function of NPBs and the involved molecular factors are unknown. We uncover a novel role for the pluripotency factor LIN28, the biological significance of which was previously demonstrated in the reprogramming of human somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Here, we show that LIN28 accumulates at the NPB and the mature nucleolus in mouse preimplantation embryos and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), where it colocalizes with the nucleolar marker B23 (nucleophosmin 1). LIN28 has nucleolar localization in non-human primate (NHP) preimplantation embryos, but is cytoplasmic in NHP ESCs. Lin28 transcripts show a striking decline before mouse EGA, whereas LIN28 protein localizes to NPBs at the time of EGA. Following knockdown with a Lin28 morpholino, the majority of embryos arrest between the 2- and 4-cell stages and never develop to morula or blastocyst. Lin28 morpholino-injected embryos arrested at the 2-cell stage were not enriched with nucleophosmin at presumptive NPB sites, indicating that functional NPBs were not assembled. Based on these results, we propose that LIN28 is an essential factor of nucleologenesis during early embryonic development.

The NCU Lu-Lin Observatory Survived the Taiwan 921 Earthquake

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsay, W. S.; Chang, K. H.; Li, H. H.

1999-12-01

The NCU (National Central University) Lu-Lin Observatory is located at Mt. Front Lu-Lin, 120o 52' 25" E and 23o 28' 07" N, a 2862-m peak in the Yu-Shan National Park. The construction of Lu-Lin Observatory was finished in January 1999. Fortunately the Lu-Lin Observatory survived the Taiwan 921 Earthquake that was 7.3 on the Ritcher scale. We are proud of the design of Lu-Lin Observatory adopted H-beam and steel wall even the center of earthquake was only 40 km away. The initial study of Lu-Lin site was started since late 1989. Later on, a three-year project was founded by the National Science Council , which supported the development of a modern seeing monitor for this site survey study from 1990 through 1993. The average seeing of Lu-Lin site is about 1.39 arc-second with average 200 clear nights annually. The sky background of this site is 20.72 mag/arcsec2 in V band and 21.22 mag/arcsec2 in B band. The Lu-Lin observatory is developed for both research and education activity. A homemade 76-cm Super Light Telescope (SLT) and three TAOS's 50-cm robotic telescopes will be the two major research facilities. This work is supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan.

Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Gastric Cancer according to the Expression of LIN28A.

PubMed

Park, Chan Hyuk; Lee, Jung Hwa; Lee, Na Keum; Lee, Yong Chan; Lee, Sang Kil

2016-09-15

Although LIN28A is known to potentially play a role in the oncogenesis of various cancers, whether LIN28A expression is a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer has not been fully explored. We sought to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics according to the expression of LIN28A in numerous gastric cancer tissue samples. LIN28A expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of a tissue microarray comprising 288 gastric cancer tissues and 288 adjacent normal tissues. Clinicopathological characteristics, including overall survival, were compared according to LIN28A expression. The IHC staining score was lower for the cancer tissues than the normal tissues (p<0.001). However, no significant differences were observed in the clinicopathological characteristics between the low and high LIN28A expression groups. In addition, the 5-year overall survival rate did not differ between the two groups: 75.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.3% to 81.7%) versus 71.6% (95% CI, 63.3% to 80.9%) for low versus high expression, respectively. The expression of LIN28A did not appear to play a distinct role in predicting the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gastric cancer. In addition, LIN28A expression was not an independently associated factor for overall survival in patients with gastric cancer.

The Lin28/let-7 axis regulates glucose metabolism

PubMed Central

Zhu, Hao; Shyh-Chang, Ng; Segrè, Ayellet V.; Shinoda, Gen; Shah, Samar P.; Einhorn, William S.; Takeuchi, Ayumu; Engreitz, Jesse M.; Hagan, John P.; Kharas, Michael G; Urbach, Achia; Thornton, James E.; Triboulet, Robinson; Gregory, Richard I.; Altshuler, David; Daley, George Q.

2012-01-01

SUMMARY The let-7 tumor suppressor microRNAs are known for their regulation of oncogenes, while the RNA-binding proteins Lin28a/b promote malignancy by blocking let-7 biogenesis. In studies of the Lin28/let-7 pathway, we discovered unexpected roles in regulating metabolism. When overexpressed in mice, both Lin28a and LIN28B promoted an insulin-sensitized state that resisted high fat diet-induced diabetes, whereas muscle-specific loss of Lin28a and overexpression of let-7 resulted in insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance. These phenomena occurred in part through let-7-mediated repression of multiple components of the insulin-PI3K-mTOR pathway, including IGF1R, INSR, and IRS2. The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin abrogated the enhanced glucose uptake and insulin-sensitivity conferred by Lin28a in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found that let-7 targets were enriched for genes that contain SNPs associated with type 2 diabetes and fasting glucose in human genome-wide association studies. These data establish the Lin28/let-7 pathway as a central regulator of mammalian glucose metabolism. PMID:21962509

Lin28 sustains early renal progenitors and induces Wilms tumor

PubMed Central

Urbach, Achia; Yermalovich, Alena; Zhang, Jin; Spina, Catherine S.; Zhu, Hao; Perez-Atayde, Antonio R.; Shukrun, Rachel; Charlton, Jocelyn; Sebire, Neil; Mifsud, William; Dekel, Benjamin; Pritchard-Jones, Kathy; Daley, George Q.

2014-01-01

Wilms Tumor, the most common pediatric kidney cancer, evolves from the failure of terminal differentiation of the embryonic kidney. Here we show that overexpression of the heterochronic regulator Lin28 during kidney development in mice markedly expands nephrogenic progenitors by blocking their final wave of differentiation, ultimately resulting in a pathology highly reminiscent of Wilms tumor. Using lineage-specific promoters to target Lin28 to specific cell types, we observed Wilms tumor only when Lin28 is aberrantly expressed in multiple derivatives of the intermediate mesoderm, implicating the cell of origin as a multipotential renal progenitor. We show that withdrawal of Lin28 expression reverts tumorigenesis and markedly expands the numbers of glomerulus-like structures and that tumor formation is suppressed by enforced expression of Let-7 microRNA. Finally, we demonstrate overexpression of the LIN28B paralog in a significant percentage of human Wilms tumor. Our data thus implicate the Lin28/Let-7 pathway in kidney development and tumorigenesis. PMID:24732380

In vitro expansion of Lin{sup +} and Lin{sup −} mononuclear cells from human peripheral blood

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Norhaiza, H. Siti; Zarina, Z. A. Intan; Hisham, Z. A. Shahrul

2013-11-27

Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are used in the therapy of blood disorders due to the ability of these cells to reconstitute haematopoietic lineage cells when transplanted into myeloablative recipients. However, substantial number of cells is required in order for the reconstitution to take place. Since HSCs present in low frequency, larger number of donor is required to accommodate the demand of transplantable HSCs. Therefore, in vitro expansion of HSCs will have profound impact on clinical purposes. The aim of this study was to expand lineage negative (Lin{sup −}) stem cells from human peripheral blood. Total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs)more » were fractionated from human blood by density gradient centrifugation. Subsequently, PBMNCs were subjected to magnetic assisted cell sorter (MACS) which depletes lineage positive (Lin{sup +}) mononuclear cells expressing lineage positive markers such as CD2, CD3, CD11b, CD14, CD15, CD16, CD19, CD56, CD123, and CD235a to obtained Lin{sup −} cell population. The ability of Lin{sup +} and Lin{sup −} to survive in vitro was explored by culturing both cell populations in complete medium consisting of Alpha-Minimal Essential Medium (AMEM) +10% (v/v) Newborn Calf Serum (NBCS)+ 2% (v/v) pen/strep. In another experiment, Lin{sup +} and Lin{sup −} were cultured with complete medium supplemented with 10ng/mL of the following growth factors: stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin (IL)-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), 2IU/mL of Erythropoietin (Epo) and 20ng/mL of IL-6. Three samples were monitored in static culture for 22 days. The expansion potential was assessed by the number of total viable cells, counted by trypan blue exclusion assay. It was found that Lin{sup +} mononuclear cells were not able to survive either in normal proliferation medium or proliferation medium supplemented with cytokines. Similarly, Lin{sup −} stem cells were not able to survive in proliferation medium however, addition of cytokines into the proliferation medium support Lin{sup −} stem cells for at least 18 days. The Lin{sup −} stem cells started to response to the cytokines added as early as Day 2 of culture. It is concluded that Lin{sup −} stem cells can be expanded in vitro by culturing in proliferation medium supplemented with cytokines.« less

Germline Genetic Variants Disturbing the Let-7/LIN28 Double-Negative Feedback Loop Alter Breast Cancer Susceptibility

PubMed Central

Fan, Lei; Li, Ji-Yu; Yang, Chen; Huang, A-Ji; Shao, Zhi-Ming

2011-01-01

Previous studies have shown that let-7 can repress the post-transcriptional translation of LIN28, and LIN28 in turn could block the maturation of let-7, forming a double-negative feedback loop. In this study, we investigated the effect of germline genetic variants on regulation of the homeostasis of the let-7/LIN28 loop and breast cancer risk. We initially demonstrated that the T/C variants of rs3811463, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located near the let-7 binding site in LIN28, could lead to differential regulation of LIN28 by let-7. Specifically, the C allele of rs3811463 weakened let-7–induced repression of LIN28 mRNA, resulting in increased production of LIN28 protein, which could in turn down-regulate the level of mature let-7. This effect was then validated at the tissue level in that the normal breast tissue of individuals with the rs3811463-TC genotype expressed significantly lower levels of let-7 and higher levels of LIN28 protein than those individuals with the rs3811463-TT genotype. Because previous in vitro and ex vivo experiments have consistently suggested that LIN28 could promote cellular transformation, we then systematically evaluated the relationship between rs3811463 as well as other common LIN28 SNPs and the risk of breast cancer in a stepwise manner. The first hospital-based association study (n = 2,300) demonstrated that two SNPs were significantly associated with breast cancer risk, one of which was rs3811463, while the other was rs6697410. The C allele of the rs3811463 SNP corresponded to an increased risk of breast cancer with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.25 (P = 0.0091), which was successfully replicated in a second independent study (n = 1,156) with community-based controls. The combined P-value of the two studies was 8.0×10−5. Taken together, our study demonstrates that host genetic variants could disturb the regulation of the let-7/LIN28 double-negative feedback loop and alter breast cancer risk. PMID:21912531

Let-7 miRNA Precursors Co-express with LIN28B in Cervical Cells.

PubMed

Zamora-Contreras, Aida Margarita; Alvarez-Salas, Luis Marat

2018-01-01

The let-7 microRNAs (miRNAs) are frequently dysregulated in carcinogenic processes, including cervical cancer. LIN28 proteins regulate let-7 biogenesis by binding to conserved sequences within the pre-miRNA structure. Nevertheless, recent research has shown that some let-7 miRNAs may escape LIN28 regulation. Correlate pre-let-7 miRNAs and LIN28B levels in cervical cell lines with different malignancy and HPV content. Pre-let-7 levels were determined by RTqPCR. LIN28B and other let-7 targets were analyzed by immunoblot. In silico tools were used to correlate let-7 and LIN28B expression and to analyze prelet- 7 sequences and structures. Lin28B protein was detected in all tested cell lines although it was more expressed in tumor cell lines. High levels of pre-let-7c/f-1 and pre-miR-98 were present in almost all cell lines regardless malignancy and LIN28B expression. Pre-let-7g/i were mainly expressed in tumor cell lines, pre-let-7e and pre-let-7-a3 were absent in all cell lines and pre-let-7a-2 showed indistinct expression. LIN28B showed positive correlation with pre-let-7i/g/f-1 and pre-miR-98 in tumor cell lines, suggesting escape from regulation. Sequence alignment and analysis of pre-let-7 miRNAs showed distinctive structural features within the preE region that may influence the ideal pre-let-7 structuring for LIN28B interaction. Short preE-stems were present in pre-let-7 that may escape LIN28B regulation, but long preEstems were mostly associated with high-level pre-let-7 miRNAs. The observed differences of pre-let-7 levels in cervical cell lines may be the result of alternative preE structuring affecting interaction with LIN28B thus resulting in differential let-7 regulation. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.

Overexpression of Lin28 inhibits the proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis of BGC-823 gastric cancer cells.

PubMed

Song, Hu; Xu, Wei; Song, Jun; Liang, Yong; Fu, Wei; Zhu, Xiao-Cheng; Li, Chao; Peng, Jun-Sheng; Zheng, Jun-Nian

2015-02-01

Lin28 plays important roles in the development, maintenance of pluripotency and progression of various types of cancers. Lin28 represses the biogenesis of let-7 microRNAs and is implicated in both development and tumorigenesis. Oncogenic regulation of let-7 microRNAs has been demonstrated in several human malignancies, yet their correlation with Lin28 has not yet been studied in gastric cancer. Therefore, in the present study, we explored the possible mechanisms involved in the effects by Lin28 on the proliferation, migration, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells via alteration of let-7 miRNA. The expression levels of Lin28 and let-7 were detected by real-time PCR in gastric cancer cell lines in vitro. Lin28 was overexpressed in the BGC-823 cells via lentiviral transfection, and let-7 expression was assessed. Cell proliferation and migration capabilities were investigated by MTT and Transwell assays, while cell cycle distribution and the apoptosis rate were detected using flow cytometry. The expression of Lin28 was moderately expressed in the GES cells while underexpressed in the BGC-823, SGC-7901 and HGC-27 cells. Let-7a miRNA was highly expressed in the GES, BGC-823, SGC-7901 and HGC-27 cells. Overexpression of Lin28 was inversely correlated with the downregulated expression of let-7a, and markedly suppressed the proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis in the BGC-823 cells. These findings demonstrated that overexpression of Lin28 can suppress the biological behavior of gastric cancer in vitro, and let-7 miRNA may play an important role in the process. We suggest that Lin28 may be a candidate predictor or an anticancer therapeutic target for gastric cancer patients.

Hematopoietic stem cells found in lineage-positive subsets in the bone marrow of 5-fluorouracil-treated mice.

PubMed

Nishi, N; Osawa, M; Ishikawa, R; Nishikawa, M; Tsumura, H; Inoue, H; Sudo, T

1995-09-01

It is known that treatment of mice with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 150 mg/kg) confers radioprotection. To investigate this effect, we performed bone marrow transplantation (BMT) using C57BL/6-Ly5 congenic mice treated with 5-FU five days prior to experiments. The mononuclear cells (MNC) in 5-FU-treated bone marrow (BM) were 10 times more radioprotective than those in untreated BM. Moreover, the number of BM MNC expressing c-kit on their surface from 5-FU-treated mice was markedly decreased relative to those from untreated controls. These results showed that the surface characteristics of cells that contributed to this radio-protective effect differ from those of stem cells as reported recently. BM MNC of mice treated with 5-FU were separated on the basis of expression of the lineage-specific antigens (Lin), c-kit, and Ly6A/E. When injected into lethally irradiated mice, 1,000 Lin+ and Lin-c-kit+Ly6A/E+ cells showed radioprotective effects such that 100% and 60% survived, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis 165 days after BMT showed that 88.8% and 65.1% of peripheral blood (PB) in mice transplanted with Lin+ and Lin-c-kit+Ly6A/E+ was derived from donor mice, respectively. After six months, donor-derived Lin-c-kit+Ly6A/E+ cells which showed radioprotective effects on a secondary irradiated host were detected from mice transplanted with Lin+ cells from 5-FU-treated mice. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that stem cells expressing Lin+ present in the BM of mice treated with 5-FU other than Lin-c-kit+Ly6A/E+ cells and these Lin+ cells play an important role in the recovery of myeloablative mice.

Remote Field Eddy Curent Signal Modeling for the Gap Measurement of Neighboring Tubes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jung, H. K.; Lee, D. H.; Lee, Y. S.

2005-04-01

The fuel channels in the Canadian Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) reactor consist of the coaxial pressure tube (PT) and the calandria tube (CT). The Liquid injection nozzle (LIN) is cross aligned with the fuel channel to control the reactor by injecting poison. For a safe operation, the gap between the LIN and CT should be maintained in order to prevent a contact of the neighboring tubes. The remote field eddy current (RFEC) method was applied to measure the gap between a nonmagnetic Zircaloy-2 liquid injection nozzle (LIN) and a Zircaloy-2 calandria tube. Under the condition of inserting the RFEC probe into the coaxial tubes and of crossing a LIN above or under the CT, the modeling of a LIN signal is needed to check the possibility of a gap measurement. The Volume Integral Code S/W which covers the axi-symmetric 3D configuration has been very rarely applied to obtain a LIN signal. This problem was solved by assuming a LIN as a flaw which can be described as a complete 3D object. This simulated LIN signal was verified by performing the laboratory experiment. The gap between the LIN and CT can be correlated with the amplitude of the LIN signals in the voltage plane. Typical noises in the fuel channel were the relative constriction, the change in the pressure tube diameter (fill-factor), thickness variation, and so on. These noise signals were simulated by using the modeling and were analyzed by considering their dependency on the phase angle and amplitude of the voltage plane in order to separate the gap signal from them. It could be concluded that the voltage plane analysis of the simulated RFEC signals were effective for obtaining the gap measurement of the neighboring tube.

Efficient method to create integration-free, virus-free, Myc and Lin28-free human induced pluripotent stem cells from adherent cells.

PubMed

Kamath, Anant; Ternes, Sara; McGowan, Stephen; English, Anthony; Mallampalli, Rama; Moy, Alan B

2017-08-01

Nonviral induced pluripotent stem cell (IPSC) reprogramming is not efficient without the oncogenes, Myc and Lin28 . We describe a robust Myc and Lin28 -free IPSC reprogramming approach using reprogramming molecules. IPSC colony formation was compared in the presence and absence of Myc and Lin28 by the mixture of reprogramming molecules and episomal vectors. While more colonies were observed in cultures transfected with the aforementioned oncogenes, the Myc and Lin28 -free method achieved the same reprogramming efficiency as reports that used these oncogenes. Further, all colonies were fully reprogrammed based on expression of SSEA4, even in the absence of Myc and Lin28 . This approach satisfies an important regulatory pathway for developing IPSC cell therapies with lower clinical risk.

Biochemistry of Microbial Degradation of Hexachlorocyclohexane and Prospects for Bioremediation

PubMed Central

Lal, Rup; Pandey, Gunjan; Sharma, Pooja; Kumari, Kirti; Malhotra, Shweta; Pandey, Rinku; Raina, Vishakha; Kohler, Hans-Peter E.; Holliger, Christof; Jackson, Colin; Oakeshott, John G.

2010-01-01

Summary: Lindane, the γ-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), is a potent insecticide. Purified lindane or unpurified mixtures of this and α-, β-, and δ-isomers of HCH were widely used as commercial insecticides in the last half of the 20th century. Large dumps of unused HCH isomers now constitute a major hazard because of their long residence times in soil and high nontarget toxicities. The major pathway for the aerobic degradation of HCH isomers in soil is the Lin pathway, and variants of this pathway will degrade all four of the HCH isomers although only slowly. Sequence differences in the primary LinA and LinB enzymes in the pathway play a key role in determining their ability to degrade the different isomers. LinA is a dehydrochlorinase, but little is known of its biochemistry. LinB is a hydrolytic dechlorinase that has been heterologously expressed and crystallized, and there is some understanding of the sequence-structure-function relationships underlying its substrate specificity and kinetics, although there are also some significant anomalies. The kinetics of some LinB variants are reported to be slow even for their preferred isomers. It is important to develop a better understanding of the biochemistries of the LinA and LinB variants and to use that knowledge to build better variants, because field trials of some bioremediation strategies based on the Lin pathway have yielded promising results but would not yet achieve economic levels of remediation. PMID:20197499

The heterochronic gene Lin28 regulates amphibian metamorphosis through disturbance of thyroid hormone function.

PubMed

Faunes, Fernando; Gundermann, Daniel G; Muñoz, Rosana; Bruno, Renzo; Larraín, Juan

2017-05-15

Metamorphosis is a classic example of developmental transition, which involves important morphological and physiological changes that prepare the organism for the adult life. It has been very well established that amphibian metamorphosis is mainly controlled by Thyroid Hormone (TH). Here, we show that the heterochronic gene Lin28 is downregulated during Xenopus laevis metamorphosis. Lin28 overexpression before activation of TH signaling delays metamorphosis and inhibits the expression of TH target genes. The delay in metamorphosis is rescued by incubation with exogenous TH, indicating that Lin28 works upstream or parallel to TH. High-throughput analyses performed before any delay on metamorphosis or change in TH signaling showed that overexpression of Lin28 reduces transcript levels of several hormones secreted by the pituitary, including the Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), and regulates the expression of proteins involved in TH transport, metabolism and signaling, showing that Lin28 disrupts TH function at different levels. Our data demonstrates that the role of Lin28 in controlling developmental transitions is evolutionary conserved and establishes a functional interaction between Lin28 and thyroid hormone function introducing a new regulatory step in perinatal development with implications for our understanding of endocrine disorders. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

miR-188 promotes senescence of lineage-negative bone marrow cells by targeting MAP3K3 expression.

PubMed

Zheng, Yue; Liu, Hua; Kong, Ye

2017-08-01

Lineage-negative bone marrow cells (lin-BMCs) have reparative potential for overcoming endothelial dysfunction and reducing cardiovascular risk. Here, we found that miR-188 is upregulated and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (MAP3K3) is downregulated in aged lin-BMCs, whereas their expression is reversed in young lin-BMCs. We identified and confirmed MAP3K3 as a direct target of miR-188. MiR-188 overexpression or MAP3K3 silencing in young lin-BMCs increases p16 and p21 expression, enhances cell senescence, and decreases the ability for cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Conversely, miR-188 suppression in aged lin-BMCs yields the opposite results. We further found that MAP3K3 is involved in miR-188-induced promotion of lin-BMC senescence. All data reveal that miR-188 induces lin-BMC senescence by targeting MAP3K3 expression, thus, providing new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. © 2017 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

RNA binding protein Lin28B confers gastric cancer cells stemness via directly binding to NRP-1.

PubMed

Wang, Xiaocong; Hu, Huihua; Liu, Hebo

2018-05-19

This work aims to explore the roles and related mechanisms of RNA binding protein Lin28B in gastric cancer cells stemness. We found that Lin28B expression was negatively correlated with the overall survival (OS) of gastric cancer patients, and significantly increased in gastric cancer cells compared with that in gastric epithelial cells. Lin28B overexpression increased spheroid formation, expression of gastric cancer stemness-related markers, and decreased cisplatin sensitivity in gastric cancer cells. Mechanistically, Lin28B could directly bind to NRP-1 3'UTR, thus increasing NRP-1 mRNA stability and expression, and activate the downstream Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Knockdown of NRP-1 or treatment with Wnt/β-catenin antagonist could rescue the promotive effects of Lin28B on gastric cancer stemness. Thus, thes results indicate that Lin28B could facilitate gastric cancer stemness via directly binding to NRP-1 3'UTR and activating the downstream Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

From the Orbital Implementation of the Kinetic Theory to the Polarization Propagator Method in the Study of Energy Deposition Problems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cabrera-Trujillo, R.; Cruz, S. A.; Soullard, J.

The energy deposited by swift atomic-ion projectiles when colliding with a given target material has been a topic of special scientific interest for the last century due to the variety of applications of ion beams in modern materials technology as well as in medical physics. In this work, we summarize our contributions in this field as a consequence of fruitful discussions and enlightening ideas put forward by one of the main protagonists in stopping power theory during the last three decades: Jens Oddershede. Our review, mainly motivated by Jens' work, evolves from the extension of the orbital implementation of the kinetic theory of stopping through the orbital local plasma approximation, its use in studies of orbital and total mean excitation energies for the study of atomic and molecular stopping until the advances on generalized oscillator strength and sum rules in the study of stopping cross sections. Finally, as a tribute to Jens' work on the orbital implementation of the kinetic theory of stopping, in this work we present new results on the use of the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-Weizsäcker density functional for the calculation of orbital and total atomic mean excitation energies. The results are applied to free-atoms and and extension is done to confined atoms - taking Si as an example - whereby target pressure effects on stopping are derived. Hence, evidence of the far-yield of Jens' ideas is given.

Weighted Lin-Wang Tests for Crossing Hazards

PubMed Central

Koziol, James A.; Jia, Zhenyu

2014-01-01

Lin and Wang have introduced a quadratic version of the logrank test, appropriate for situations in which the underlying survival distributions may cross. In this note, we generalize the Lin-Wang procedure to incorporate weights and investigate the performance of Lin and Wang's test and weighted versions in various scenarios. We find that weighting does increase statistical power in certain situations; however, none of the procedures was dominant under every scenario. PMID:24795776

Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Pacullidae and Tetrablemmidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Singapore.

PubMed

Lin, Yucheng; Koh, Joseph K H; Koponen, Seppo; Li, Shuqiang

2017-01-01

Eight species of armored spiders belonging to two families, Pacullidae Simon, 1894 and Tetrablemmidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873, are reported from Singapore. Five species are documented as new to science: Paculla bukittimahensis Lin & Li, sp. n. (male and female), Paculla globosa Lin & Li, sp. n. (male and female), Ablemma malacca Lin & Li, sp. n. (male and female), Singaporemma lenachanae Lin & Li, sp. n. (male and female), and Sulaimania brevis Lin & Li, sp. n. (male). The three known species are Brignoliella besutensis Lin, Li & Jäger, 2012, Brignoliella michaeli Lehtinen, 1981, and Singaporemma singulare Shear, 1978, of which the female of Brignoliella besutensis is described for the first time. For comparison, types of Singaporemma adjacens Lehtinen, 1981 from Vietnam, Singaporemma halongense Lehtinen, 1981 from Vietnam, Singaporemma singulare from Singapore and Sulaimania vigelandi Lehtinen, 1981 from Malaysia are studied and photographed.

Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Pacullidae and Tetrablemmidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Singapore

PubMed Central

Lin, Yucheng; Koh, Joseph K. H.; Koponen, Seppo; Li, Shuqiang

2017-01-01

Abstract Eight species of armored spiders belonging to two families, Pacullidae Simon, 1894 and Tetrablemmidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873, are reported from Singapore. Five species are documented as new to science: Paculla bukittimahensis Lin & Li, sp. n. (male and female), Paculla globosa Lin & Li, sp. n. (male and female), Ablemma malacca Lin & Li, sp. n. (male and female), Singaporemma lenachanae Lin & Li, sp. n. (male and female), and Sulaimania brevis Lin & Li, sp. n. (male). The three known species are Brignoliella besutensis Lin, Li & Jäger, 2012, Brignoliella michaeli Lehtinen, 1981, and Singaporemma singulare Shear, 1978, of which the female of Brignoliella besutensis is described for the first time. For comparison, types of Singaporemma adjacens Lehtinen, 1981 from Vietnam, Singaporemma halongense Lehtinen, 1981 from Vietnam, Singaporemma singulare from Singapore and Sulaimania vigelandi Lehtinen, 1981 from Malaysia are studied and photographed. PMID:28769602

Ground-state geometries and stability of impurity doped clusters: LinBe and LinMg (n=1-12)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deshpande, M.; Dhavale, A.; Zope, R. R.; Chacko, S.; Kanhere, D. G.

2000-12-01

We have investigated the ground-state geometries of LinBe and LinMg (n=1-12) clusters using ab initio molecular dynamics. These divalent impurities Be and Mg induce different geometries and follow a different growth path for n>5. LinMg clusters are significantly different from the host geometries while LinBe clusters can be approximately viewed as Be occupying an interstitial site in the host. Our results indicate that Be gets trapped inside the Li cage, while Mg remains on the surface of the cluster. Mg-induced geometries become three-dimensional earlier at n=4 as compared to the Be system. In spite of a distinct arrangement of atoms in both cases the character of the wave functions in the d manifold is remarkably similar. In both cases an eight valence electron system has been found to be the most stable, in conformity with the spherical jellium model.

Bacterial diversity and real-time PCR based assessment of linA and linB gene distribution at hexachlorocyclohexane contaminated sites.

PubMed

Lal, Devi; Jindal, Swati; Kumari, Hansi; Jit, Simran; Nigam, Aeshna; Sharma, Pooja; Kumari, Kirti; Lal, Rup

2015-03-01

The disposal of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) muck has created large number of HCH dumpsites all over the world from where the harmful HCH isomers are leaking into the environment. Bacteria have evolved at such contaminated sites that have the ability to degrade HCH. Degradation of various HCH isomers in bacterial strains is mediated primarily by two genes: linA and linB which encode dehydrochlorinase and haloalkane dehalogenase respectively. In this study we explored one such highly contaminated HCH dumpsite located in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. To assess the biostimulation potential of the contaminated site, microbial diversity study and real-time PCR based quantification of lin genes was carried out. The soil samples from dumpsite and surrounding areas were found to be highly contaminated with HCH residue levels as high as 1.8 × 10(5)  mg kg(-1). The residues were detected in areas upto 13 km from the dumpsite. Sphingomonads, Chromohalobacter, and Marinobacter were the dominant genera present at the dump-site. Role of Sphingomonads in HCH degradation has been well documented. The highest copy numbers of linA and linB genes as determined using real-time PCR were 6.2 × 10(4) and 5.3 × 10(5), respectively, were found in sample from the dump site. The presence of Sphingomonads, linA, and linB genes from HCH contaminated soil indicates the presence of indigenous bacterial communities capable of HCH degradation. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Selection based on CD133 and high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity isolates long-term reconstituting human hematopoietic stem cells

PubMed Central

Hess, David A.; Wirthlin, Louisa; Craft, Timothy P.; Herrbrich, Phillip E.; Hohm, Sarah A.; Lahey, Ryan; Eades, William C.; Creer, Michael H.; Nolta, Jan A.

2006-01-01

The development of novel cell-based therapies requires understanding of distinct human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations. We recently isolated reconstituting hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by lineage depletion and purification based on high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDHhiLin- cells). Here, we further dissected the ALDHhi-Lin- population by selection for CD133, a surface molecule expressed on progenitors from hematopoietic, endothelial, and neural lineages. ALDHhiCD133+Lin- cells were primarily CD34+, but also included CD34-CD38-CD133+ cells, a phenotype previously associated with repopulating function. Both ALDHhiCD133-Lin- and ALDHhiCD133+Lin- cells demonstrated distinct clonogenic progenitor function in vitro, whereas only the ALDHhiCD133+Lin- population seeded the murine bone marrow 48 hours after transplantation. Significant human cell repopulation was observed only in NOD/SCID and NOD/SCID β2M-null mice that received transplants of ALDHhiCD133+Lin- cells. Limiting dilution analysis demonstrated a 10-fold increase in the frequency of NOD/SCID repopulating cells compared with CD133+Lin- cells, suggesting that high ALDH activity further purified cells with repopulating function. Transplanted ALDHhiCD133+Lin- cells also maintained primitive hematopoietic phenotypes (CD34+CD38-) and demonstrated enhanced repopulating function in recipients of serial, secondary transplants. Cell selection based on ALDH activity and CD133 expression provides a novel purification of HSCs with long-term repopulating function and may be considered an alternative to CD34 cell selection for stem cell therapies. PMID:16269619

Biodegradation of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane by transgenic hairy root cultures of Cucurbita moschata that accumulate recombinant bacterial LinA.

PubMed

Nanasato, Yoshihiko; Namiki, Sayuri; Oshima, Masao; Moriuchi, Ryota; Konagaya, Ken-Ichi; Seike, Nobuyasu; Otani, Takashi; Nagata, Yuji; Tsuda, Masataka; Tabei, Yutaka

2016-09-01

γ-HCH was successfully degraded using LinA-expressed transgenic hairy root cultures of Cucurbita moschata . Fusing an endoplasmic reticulum-targeting signal peptide to LinA was essential for stable accumulation in the hairy roots. The pesticide γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that raises public health and environmental pollution concerns worldwide. Although several isolates of γ-HCH-degrading bacteria are available, inoculating them directly into γ-HCH-contaminated soil is ineffective because of the bacterial survival rate. Cucurbita species incorporate significant amounts of POPs from soils compared with other plant species. Here, we describe a novel bioremediation strategy that combines the bacterial degradation of γ-HCH and the efficient uptake of γ-HCH by Cucurbita species. We produced transgenic hairy root cultures of Cucurbita moschata that expressed recombinant bacterial linA, isolated from the bacterium Sphingobium japonicum UT26. The LinA protein was accumulated stably in the hairy root cultures by fusing an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeting signal peptide to LinA. Then, we demonstrated that the cultures degraded more than 90 % of γ-HCH (1 ppm) overnight and produced the γ-HCH metabolite 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, indicating that LinA degraded γ-HCH. These results indicate that the gene linA has high potential for phytoremediation of environmental γ-HCH.

An AGEF-1/Arf GTPase/AP-1 Ensemble Antagonizes LET-23 EGFR Basolateral Localization and Signaling during C. elegans Vulva Induction

PubMed Central

Skorobogata, Olga; Escobar-Restrepo, Juan M.; Rocheleau, Christian E.

2014-01-01

LET-23 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling specifies the vulval cell fates during C. elegans larval development. LET-23 EGFR localization on the basolateral membrane of the vulval precursor cells (VPCs) is required to engage the LIN-3 EGF-like inductive signal. The LIN-2 Cask/LIN-7 Veli/LIN-10 Mint (LIN-2/7/10) complex binds LET-23 EGFR, is required for its basolateral membrane localization, and therefore, vulva induction. Besides the LIN-2/7/10 complex, the trafficking pathways that regulate LET-23 EGFR localization have not been defined. Here we identify vh4, a hypomorphic allele of agef-1, as a strong suppressor of the lin-2 mutant Vulvaless (Vul) phenotype. AGEF-1 is homologous to the mammalian BIG1 and BIG2 Arf GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which regulate secretory traffic between the Trans-Golgi network, endosomes and the plasma membrane via activation of Arf GTPases and recruitment of the AP-1 clathrin adaptor complex. Consistent with a role in trafficking we show that AGEF-1 is required for protein secretion and that AGEF-1 and the AP-1 complex regulate endosome size in coelomocytes. The AP-1 complex has previously been implicated in negative regulation of LET-23 EGFR, however the mechanism was not known. Our genetic data indicate that AGEF-1 is a strong negative regulator of LET-23 EGFR signaling that functions in the VPCs at the level of the receptor. In line with AGEF-1 being an Arf GEF, we identify the ARF-1.2 and ARF-3 GTPases as also negatively regulating signaling. We find that the agef-1(vh4) mutation results in increased LET-23 EGFR on the basolateral membrane in both wild-type and lin-2 mutant animals. Furthermore, unc-101(RNAi), a component of the AP-1 complex, increased LET-23 EGFR on the basolateral membrane in lin-2 and agef-1(vh4); lin-2 mutant animals. Thus, an AGEF-1/Arf GTPase/AP-1 ensemble functions opposite the LIN-2/7/10 complex to antagonize LET-23 EGFR basolateral membrane localization and signaling. PMID:25329472

An AGEF-1/Arf GTPase/AP-1 ensemble antagonizes LET-23 EGFR basolateral localization and signaling during C. elegans vulva induction.

PubMed

Skorobogata, Olga; Escobar-Restrepo, Juan M; Rocheleau, Christian E

2014-10-01

LET-23 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling specifies the vulval cell fates during C. elegans larval development. LET-23 EGFR localization on the basolateral membrane of the vulval precursor cells (VPCs) is required to engage the LIN-3 EGF-like inductive signal. The LIN-2 Cask/LIN-7 Veli/LIN-10 Mint (LIN-2/7/10) complex binds LET-23 EGFR, is required for its basolateral membrane localization, and therefore, vulva induction. Besides the LIN-2/7/10 complex, the trafficking pathways that regulate LET-23 EGFR localization have not been defined. Here we identify vh4, a hypomorphic allele of agef-1, as a strong suppressor of the lin-2 mutant Vulvaless (Vul) phenotype. AGEF-1 is homologous to the mammalian BIG1 and BIG2 Arf GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which regulate secretory traffic between the Trans-Golgi network, endosomes and the plasma membrane via activation of Arf GTPases and recruitment of the AP-1 clathrin adaptor complex. Consistent with a role in trafficking we show that AGEF-1 is required for protein secretion and that AGEF-1 and the AP-1 complex regulate endosome size in coelomocytes. The AP-1 complex has previously been implicated in negative regulation of LET-23 EGFR, however the mechanism was not known. Our genetic data indicate that AGEF-1 is a strong negative regulator of LET-23 EGFR signaling that functions in the VPCs at the level of the receptor. In line with AGEF-1 being an Arf GEF, we identify the ARF-1.2 and ARF-3 GTPases as also negatively regulating signaling. We find that the agef-1(vh4) mutation results in increased LET-23 EGFR on the basolateral membrane in both wild-type and lin-2 mutant animals. Furthermore, unc-101(RNAi), a component of the AP-1 complex, increased LET-23 EGFR on the basolateral membrane in lin-2 and agef-1(vh4); lin-2 mutant animals. Thus, an AGEF-1/Arf GTPase/AP-1 ensemble functions opposite the LIN-2/7/10 complex to antagonize LET-23 EGFR basolateral membrane localization and signaling.

Overexpression of Lin28b in Neural Stem Cells is Insufficient for Brain Tumor Formation, but Induces Pathological Lobulation of the Developing Cerebellum.

PubMed

Wefers, Annika K; Lindner, Sven; Schulte, Johannes H; Schüller, Ulrich

2017-02-01

LIN28B is a homologue of the RNA-binding protein LIN28A and regulates gene expression during development and carcinogenesis. It is strongly upregulated in a variety of brain tumors, such as medulloblastoma, embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT), or glioblastoma, but the effect of an in vivo overexpression of LIN28B on the developing central nervous system is unknown. We generated transgenic mice that either overexpressed Lin28b in Math1-positive cerebellar granule neuron precursors or in a broad range of Nestin-positive neural precursors. Sections of the cerebellar vermis from adult Math1-Cre::lsl-Lin28b mice had an additional subfissure in lobule IV. Vermes from p0 and p7 Nestin-Cre::lsl-Lin28b mice appeared normal, but we found a pronounced vermal hypersublobulation at p15 and p21 in these mice. Also, the external granule cell layer (EGL) was thicker at p15 than in controls, contained more proliferating cells, and persisted up to p21. Consistently, some Pax6- and NeuN-positive cells were present in the EGL of Nestin-Cre::lsl-Lin28b mice even at p21, and we detected more NeuN-positive granule neuron precursors in the molecular layer (ML) as compared to control. Finally, we found some residual Pax2-positive precursors of inhibitory interneurons in the ML of Nestin-Cre::lsl-Lin28b mice at p21, which have already disappeared in controls. We conclude that while overexpression of LIN28B in Nestin-positive cells does not lead to tumor formation, it results in a protracted development of granule cells and inhibitory interneurons and leads to a hypersublobulation of the cerebellar vermis.

Significance of lobular intraepithelial neoplasia at margins of breast conservation specimens: a report of 38 cases and literature review

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background Presence of lobular intraepithelial neoplasia (LIN) is not routinely reported as part of margin assessment in breast conservation therapy (BCT) as in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). With new emerging evidence of LIN as possible precursor lesion, the hypothesis is that LIN at the margin may increase the risk of local recurrence with BCT. The aim is to determine whether there is an increase incidence of recurrence when LIN is found at surgical margins on BCT. Methods We retrospectively reviewed a total of 1,334 BCT at a single institution in a 10 year period. Inclusion criteria are positive margin with LIN from primary BCT containing invasive and/or in situ carcinoma with comparison to the negative control group who had similar diseases with negative margin for LIN. Results We identified 38 cases (2.8%) with LIN either lobular carcinoma in situ/atypical lobular hyperplasia (LCIS/ALH) at a margin on initial BCT with 36% recurrence rate. Of the 38 cases: 5 (13%) were lost to follow-up, 12 (32%) had no further procedures performed and 21 (55%) had re-excision. Out of 21 patients who had re-excisions, 12 (57%) had residual invasive carcinoma or DCIS, three (14%) had pleomorphic LCIS and 4 (19%) showed residual classic type LCIS. 71% had significant residual disease (local recurrence) and 29% had no residual disease. A negative control group consisted of 38 cases. We found two patients with bone or brain metastasis and one local recurrence. Clinical follow up periods range from 1 to 109 months. Conclusions LIN found at a margin on BCT showed a significant recurrent ipsilateral disease. Our study supports the view that LIN seen at the margin may play a role in recurrence. PMID:20727142

Comparison of the complete genome sequences of four γ-hexachlorocyclohexane-degrading bacterial strains: insights into the evolution of bacteria able to degrade a recalcitrant man-made pesticide.

PubMed

Tabata, Michiro; Ohhata, Satoshi; Nikawadori, Yuki; Kishida, Kouhei; Sato, Takuya; Kawasumi, Toru; Kato, Hiromi; Ohtsubo, Yoshiyuki; Tsuda, Masataka; Nagata, Yuji

2016-12-01

γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) is a recalcitrant man-made chlorinated pesticide. Here, the complete genome sequences of four γ-HCH-degrading sphingomonad strains, which are most unlikely to have been derived from one ancestral γ-HCH degrader, were compared. Together with several experimental data, we showed that (i) all the four strains carry almost identical linA to linE genes for the conversion of γ-HCH to maleylacetate (designated "specific" lin genes), (ii) considerably different genes are used for the metabolism of maleylacetate in one of the four strains, and (iii) the linKLMN genes for the putative ABC transporter necessary for γ-HCH utilization exhibit structural divergence, which reflects the phylogenetic relationship of their hosts. Replicon organization and location of the lin genes in the four genomes are significantly different with one another, and that most of the specific lin genes are located on multiple sphingomonad-unique plasmids. Copies of IS6100, the most abundant insertion sequence in the four strains, are often located in close proximity to the specific lin genes. Analysis of the footprints of target duplication upon IS6100 transposition and the experimental detection of IS6100 transposition strongly suggested that the IS6100 transposition has caused dynamic genome rearrangements and the diversification of lin-flanking regions in the four strains. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Kazusa DNA Research Institute.

A role for Lin-28 in growth and metamorphosis in Drosophila melanogaster.

PubMed

González-Itier, Sergio; Contreras, Esteban G; Larraín, Juan; Glavic, Álvaro; Faunes, Fernando

2018-06-13

Insect metamorphosis has been a classic model to understand the role of hormones in growth and timing of developmental transitions. In addition to hormones, transitions in some species are regulated by genetic programs, such as the heterochronic gene network discovered in C. elegans. However, the functional link between hormones and heterochronic genes is not clear. The heterochronic gene lin-28 is involved in the maintenance of stem cells, growth and developmental timing in vertebrates. In this work, we used gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments to study the role of Lin-28 in larval growth and the timing of metamorphosis of Drosophila melanogaster. During the late third instar stage, Lin-28 is mainly expressed in neurons of the central nervous system and in the intestine. Loss-of-function lin-28 mutant larvae are smaller and the larval-to-pupal transition is accelerated. This faster transition correlates with increased levels of ecdysone direct target genes such as Broad-Complex (BR-C) and Ecdysone Receptor (EcR). Overexpression of Lin-28 does not affect the timing of pupariation but most animals are not able to eclose, suggesting defects in metamorphosis. Overexpression of human Lin-28 results in delayed pupariation and the death of animals during metamorphosis. Altogether, these results suggest that Lin-28 is involved in the control of growth during larval development and in the timing and progression of metamorphosis. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhao, Chen; Tao, Zui; Xue, Langyue

In lower-order vertebrates, Müller glia exhibit characteristics of retinal progenitor cells, while in higher vertebrates, such as mammals, the regenerative capacity of Müller glia is limited. Recently, we reported that Lin28b promoted the trans-differentiation of Müller cells to rod photoreceptor and bipolar cells in the retina of retinitis pigmentosa rat model, whereas it is unclear whether Lin28b can stimulate the reprogramming of Müller glia in vitro for transplantation into a damaged retina. In the present study, Long-Evens rat Müller glia were infected with Adeno-Lin28b or Adeno-GFP. Over-expression of Lin28b in isolated rat Müller glia resulted in the suppression of GFAP expression,more » enhancement of cell proliferation and a significant increase of the expression of retinal progenitor markers 5 days after infection. Moreover, Lin28b caused a significant reduction of the Let-7 family of microRNAs. Following sub-retinal space transplantation, Müller glia-derived retinal progenitors improved b-wave amplification of 30d Royal College of Surgeons retinitis pigmentosa model (RCS-P+) rats, as detected by electroretinography (ERG) recordings. Taken together, these data suggest that the up-regulation of Lin28b expression facilitated the reprogramming of Müller cells toward characteristics of retinal progenitors. - Highlights: • Lin28b reprograms Müller glia to retinal progenitors. • Let-7 micrRNAs are suppressed by Lin28b. • Transplantation of reprogrammed Müller glia restores retinal function.« less

Levey-Jennings Analysis Uncovers Unsuspected Causes of Immunohistochemistry Stain Variability.

PubMed

Vani, Kodela; Sompuram, Seshi R; Naber, Stephen P; Goldsmith, Jeffrey D; Fulton, Regan; Bogen, Steven A

Almost all clinical laboratory tests use objective, quantitative measures of quality control (QC), incorporating Levey-Jennings analysis and Westgard rules. Clinical immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing, in contrast, relies on subjective, qualitative QC review. The consequences of using Levey-Jennings analysis for QC assessment in clinical IHC testing are not known. To investigate this question, we conducted a 1- to 2-month pilot test wherein the QC for either human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) or progesterone receptor (PR) in 3 clinical IHC laboratories was quantified and analyzed with Levey-Jennings graphs. Moreover, conventional tissue controls were supplemented with a new QC comprised of HER-2 or PR peptide antigens coupled onto 8 μm glass beads. At institution 1, this more stringent analysis identified a decrease in the HER-2 tissue control that had escaped notice by subjective evaluation. The decrement was due to heterogeneity in the tissue control itself. At institution 2, we identified a 1-day sudden drop in the PR tissue control, also undetected by subjective evaluation, due to counterstain variability. At institution 3, a QC shift was identified, but only with 1 of 2 controls mounted on each slide. The QC shift was due to use of the instrument's selective reagent drop zones dispense feature. None of these events affected patient diagnoses. These case examples illustrate that subjective QC evaluation of tissue controls can detect gross assay failure but not subtle changes. The fact that QC issues arose from each site, and in only a pilot study, suggests that immunohistochemical stain variability may be an underappreciated problem.

Comparative genomic analysis of nine Sphingobium strains: Insights into their evolution and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) degradation pathways

DOE PAGES

Verma, Helianthous; Kumar, Roshan; Oldach, Phoebe; ...

2014-11-23

Background: Sphingobium spp. are efficient degraders of a wide range of chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons. In particular, strains which harbour the lin pathway genes mediating the degradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers are of interest due to the widespread persistence of this contaminant. Here, we examined the evolution and diversification of the lin pathway under the selective pressure of HCH, by comparing the draft genomes of six newly-sequenced Sphingobium spp. (strains LL03, DS20, IP26, HDIPO4, P25 and RL3) isolated from HCH dumpsites, with three existing genomes ( S. indicum B90A, S. japonicum UT26S and Sphingobium sp. SYK6). Results: Efficient HCH degradersmore » phylogenetically clustered in a closely related group comprising of UT26S, B90A, HDIPO4 and IP26, where HDIPO4 and IP26 were classified as subspecies with ANI value >98%. Less than 10% of the total gene content was shared among all nine strains, but among the eight HCH-associated strains, that is all except SYK6, the shared gene content jumped to nearly 25%. Genes associated with nitrogen stress response and two-component systems were found to be enriched. The strains also housed many xenobiotic degradation pathways other than HCH, despite the absence of these xenobiotics from isolation sources. In addition, these strains, although non-motile, but posses flagellar assembly genes. While strains HDIPO4 and IP26 contained the complete set of lin genes, DS20 was entirely devoid of lin genes (except linKLMN) whereas, LL03, P25 and RL3 were identified as lin deficient strains, as they housed incomplete lin pathways. Further, in HDIPO4, linA was found as a hybrid of two natural variants i.e., linA1 and linA2 known for their different enantioselectivity. In conclusion, the bacteria isolated from HCH dumpsites provide a natural testing ground to study variations in the lin system and their effects on degradation efficacy. Further, the diversity in the lin gene sequences and copy number, their arrangement with respect to IS 6100 and evidence for potential plasmid content elucidate possible evolutionary acquisition mechanisms for this pathway. This study further opens the horizon for selection of bacterial strains for inclusion in an HCH bioremediation consortium and suggests that HDIPO4, IP26 and B90A would be appropriate candidates for inclusion.« less

Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) as a potential vector of endemic and exotic arboviruses in Australia.

PubMed

Nicholson, J; Ritchie, S A; van den Hurk, A F

2014-05-01

In 2005, established populations of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) were discovered in the Torres Strait, the region that separates Papua New Guinea from northern Australia. This increased the potential for this species to be introduced to mainland Australia. Because it is an arbovirus vector elsewhere, we undertook laboratory-based infection and transmission experiments to determine the potential for Ae. albopictus from the Torres Strait to become infected with and transmit the four major Australian endemic arboviruses--Murray Valley encephalitis virus, West Nile virus Kunjin strain (WNV(KUN)), Ross River virus (RRV), and Barmah Forest virus--as well as the exotic Japanese encephalitis virus. Ae. albopictus is susceptible to infection with all viruses, with infection rates ranging between 8% for WNV(KUN) and 71% for RRV. Transmission rates of approximately 25% were observed for RRV and Barmah Forest virus, but these were < 17% for Murray Valley encephalitis virus, WNV(KUN), and Japanese encephalitis virus. Given its relative vector competence for alphaviruses, we also examined the replication kinetics and extrinsic incubation periods required for transmission of RRV and chikungunya virus. Despite lower body titers, more mosquitoes reared and maintained at 28 degrees C became infected with and transmitted the virus than those reared and maintained at 22 degrees C. The minimum time between Ae. albopictus consuming an infected bloodmeal and transmitting chikungunya virus was 2 d at 28 degrees C and 4 d at 22 degrees C, and for RRV, it was 4 d, irrespective of the temperature. Given its opportunistic feeding habits and aggressive biting behavior, the establishment of Ae. albopictus on the Australian mainland could have a considerable impact on alphavirus transmission.

Silicon Nanotips and Related Nano-Systems Involving Fluid and Carrier Transport and Their Micro-Devices for Power and Sensing Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-10

Methanol’, Chien-Cheng Li, Ran-Jin Lin, Hong-Ping Lin, Ching-Chun Chang, Yu - Kai Lin, Li-Chyong Chen*, Kuei-Hsien Chen*, Chem. Comm. 47, 1473 (2011). (5...CuO-ZnO Inverse Opals as High-performance Methanol Microreformer’, Yan-Gu Lin, Yu -Kuei Hsu, San-Yuan Chen, Li-Chyong Chen* and Kuei-Hsien Chen*, J...Chun Lo, Hsin-I Hsiung, Surojit Chattopadhyay*, Hsieh -Cheng Han, Chia-Fu Chen*, Jih Perng Leu, Kuei-Hsien Chen and Li-Chyong Chen*, Biosens

Mechanisms of Lin28-Mediated miRNA and mRNA Regulation—A Structural and Functional Perspective

PubMed Central

Mayr, Florian; Heinemann, Udo

2013-01-01

Lin28 is an essential RNA-binding protein that is ubiquitously expressed in embryonic stem cells. Its physiological function has been linked to the regulation of differentiation, development, and oncogenesis as well as glucose metabolism. Lin28 mediates these pleiotropic functions by inhibiting let-7 miRNA biogenesis and by modulating the translation of target mRNAs. Both activities strongly depend on Lin28’s RNA-binding domains (RBDs), an N-terminal cold-shock domain (CSD) and a C-terminal Zn-knuckle domain (ZKD). Recent biochemical and structural studies revealed the mechanisms of how Lin28 controls let-7 biogenesis. Lin28 binds to the terminal loop of pri- and pre-let-7 miRNA and represses their processing by Drosha and Dicer. Several biochemical and structural studies showed that the specificity of this interaction is mainly mediated by the ZKD with a conserved GGAGA or GGAGA-like motif. Further RNA crosslinking and immunoprecipitation coupled to high-throughput sequencing (CLIP-seq) studies confirmed this binding motif and uncovered a large number of new mRNA binding sites. Here we review exciting recent progress in our understanding of how Lin28 binds structurally diverse RNAs and fulfills its pleiotropic functions. PMID:23939427

Concentrations of heavy metals in sediment and organisms during a harmful algal bloom (HAB) at Kun Kaak Bay, Sonora, Mexico.

PubMed

García-Hernández, Jaqueline; García-Rico, Leticia; Jara-Marini, Martin E; Barraza-Guardado, Ramón; Hudson Weaver, Amy

2005-07-01

In early April 2003, fishermen from Kino Bay Sonora alerted us about a massive die-off of fish and mollusks occurring at Kun Kaak Bay. Phytoplankton samples taken on 17 May 2003 reported the presence of a harmful algal bloom composed of Chatonella marina, Chatonella cf. ovata, Gymnodinium catenatum and Gymnodinium sanguineum. On 22 of May, we collected samples of water, sediment and organisms at the affected area. Physicochemical parameters and nutrients were measured in water samples from different depths. Sediment and benthic organisms were analyzed for Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb and Hg. We found concentrations of heavy metals higher than background levels for this area. Cadmium and Lead concentrations in sediment from the HAB area were up to 6x greater than background levels and Cd in mollusks was 8x greater than regulations allow. A relationship between elevated Cd and Pb concentrations in sediment and the survival of toxic dinoflagellates is suspected.

Comparison of Dry Medium Culture Plates for Mesophilic Aerobic Bacteria in Milk, Ice Cream, Ham, and Codfish Fillet Products

PubMed Central

Park, Junghyun; Kim, Myunghee

2013-01-01

This study was performed to compare the performance of Sanita-Kun dry medium culture plate with those of traditional culture medium and Petrifilm dry medium culture plate for the enumeration of the mesophilic aerobic bacteria in milk, ice cream, ham, and codfish fillet. Mesophilic aerobic bacteria were comparatively evaluated in milk, ice cream, ham, and codfish fillet using Sanita-Kun aerobic count (SAC), Petrifilm aerobic count (PAC), and traditional plate count agar (PCA) media. According to the results, all methods showed high correlations of 0.989~1.000 and no significant differences were observed for enumerating the mesophilic aerobic bacteria in the tested food products. SAC method was easier to perform and count colonies efficiently as compared to the PCA and PAC methods. Therefore, we concluded that the SAC method offers an acceptable alternative to the PCA and PAC methods for counting the mesophilic aerobic bacteria in milk, ice cream, ham, and codfish fillet products. PMID:24551829

Governor Bush makes first phone call to KSC using new area code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1999-01-01

In the videoconference room at Headquarters, key representatives of KSC contractors, along with KSC directorates, fill the room during an early morning phone call from Florida Governor Jeb Bush (seen on the video screen) in Tallahassee, Fla. The call is to inaugurate the change of KSC's area code from 407 to 321, effective today. Deputy Director for Business Operations Jim Jennings (fourth from right) received the call. Next to Jennings (at his right) is seated Robert Osband, Florida Space Institute, who suggested the 3-2-1 sequence to reflect the importance of the space industry to Florida's space coast.

KSC-04pd2005

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-09-21

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Jim Jennings, deputy associate administrator for Institutions and Asset Management at NASA Headquarters, talks to students at Gainesville Elementary School, a NASA Explorer School in Gainesville, Ga. Jennings visited the school to share the new vision for space exploration with the next generation of explorers. Also visiting the school was astronaut Leland Melvin and KSC Deputy Director Dr. Woodrow Whitlow Jr., seated at right. Whitlow talked with students about our destiny as explorers, NASA’s stepping stone approach to exploring Earth, the Moon, Mars and beyond, how space impacts our lives, and how people and machines rely on each other in space.

KSC-04pd2017

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-09-21

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Jim Jennings, deputy associate administrator for Institutions and Asset Management at NASA Headquarters, signs an autograph for a student at Gainesville Elementary School, a NASA Explorer School in Gainesville, Ga. Jennings visited to the school to share the new vision for space exploration with the next generation of explorers. Accompanying him was KSC Deputy Director Dr. Woodrow Whitlow Jr., who talked with students about our destiny as explorers, NASA’s stepping stone approach to exploring Earth, the Moon, Mars and beyond, how space impacts our lives, and how people and machines rely on each other in space.

KSC-04pd2000

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-09-21

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - KSC Deputy Director Dr. Woodrow Whitlow Jr. (left) talks with staff members of Gainesville Elementary School, a NASA Explorer School in Gainesville, Ga. In the background are Bruce Buckingham (left) , NASA KSC News Chief, and Jim Jennings, deputy associate administrator for Institutions and Asset Management at NASA Headquarters. Jennings shared the new vision for space exploration with this next generation of explorers. Whitlow talked with students about our destiny as explorers, NASA’s stepping stone approach to exploring Earth, the Moon, Mars and beyond, how space impacts our lives, and how people and machines rely on each other in space.

National Dam Inspection Program. Jennings Pond Dam (NDI I.D. PA-0891 DER I.D. 066-012) Susquehanna River Basin, Little Mehoopany Creek, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania. Phase I Inspection Report,

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-03-19

Area 7.9 square miles(1) b. Discharge at Dam Site ( cfs ) Maximum known flood at dam site Unknown Outlet conduit at maximum pool Unknown Gated spillway...700 cfs , based on the available 2.4-foot freeboard relative to the low spot on the left abutment. b. Experience Data. As previously stated, Jennings...in Appendix D. The inflow hydrograph for one-half PMF was found to have a peak flow of 6835 cfs . Computer input and summary of computer output are

Cigarette quitlines, taxes, and other tobacco control policies: a state-level analysis.

PubMed

Brown, Henry Shelton; Karson, Steve

2013-06-01

This paper estimates monthly quitline calls using panel data at the state level from January 2005 to June 2010. Calls to state quitline numbers (or 1-800-QUITNOW) were measured per million adult smokers in each state. The policies considered include excise taxes, workplace and public smoking bans, and a Peter Jennings television-based program warning of the health risks of smoking. We found that people anticipating increases in prices begin attempting to quit by calling quitlines. Finally, the Peter Jennings media campaign was highly correlated with quitline calls. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Regulation of C. elegans L4 cuticle collagen genes by the heterochronic protein LIN-29.

PubMed

Abete-Luzi, Patricia; Eisenmann, David M

2018-05-01

The cuticle, the outer covering of the nematode C. elegans, is synthesized five times during the worm's life by the underlying hypodermis. Cuticle collagens, the major cuticle component, are encoded by a large family of col genes and, interestingly, many of these genes express predominantly at a single developmental stage. This temporal preference motivated us to investigate the mechanisms underlying col gene expression and here we focus on a subset of col genes expressed in the L4 stage. We identified minimal promoter regions of <300 bp for col-38, col-49, and col-63. In these regions, we predicted cis-regulatory sequences and evaluated their function in vivo via mutagenesis of a col-38p::yfp reporter. We used RNAi to study the requirement for candidate transcription regulators ELT-1 and ELT-3, LIN-29, and the LIN-29 co-factor MAB-10, and found LIN-29 to be necessary for the expression of four L4-specific genes (col-38, col-49, col-63, and col-138). Temporal misexpression of LIN-29 was also sufficient to activate these genes at a different developmental stage. The LIN-29 DNA-binding domain bound the col-38, col-49, and col-63 minimal promoters in vitro. For col-38 we showed that the LIN-29 sites necessary for reporter expression in vivo are also bound in vitro: this is the first identification of specific binding sites for LIN-29 necessary for in vivo target gene expression. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Reconstruction of the coastal morphodynamics of the Fulong-beach dune field in north-eastern Taiwan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dörschner, Nina; Böse, Margot; Frechen, Manfred

2010-05-01

The Fulong-beach dune field is located at the north-eastern coast of Taiwan. Built up of medium and fine grained quartz rich sand, it represents a unique feature of only few kilometres along the east coast of Taiwan. This unique sedimentological regime makes the area most perfectly suitable for age estimations by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). The dune field is crossed by the Shuangsi-river, which flows into the Pacific Ocean. The coastal area is subjected to very dynamic conditions in the transition zone between land and sea. Due to the constant force of marine and aeolian processes from tides, weather and sediment accumulation by rivers, it is a continuously changing area. Taiwan is located in a very active tectonic zone with high elevation rates, which reach from 4 mm per year at the east coast up to 7 mm per year in the southern parts of the island. Furthermore Taiwan is affected by medial 3.8 typhoons per year and minor earthquakes nearly occur every day (LIN ET AL. 2006). The consequences are high rates of erosion and sediment transport during very short time periods. The Fulong-beach coastal area is densely populated and proud for being a tourism destination. At the northern end of the dune field the Lungmen nuclear power plant is currently under construction. Four separate dune ridges could be identified from a digital elevation model and from field mapping. During the field campaign in October and November 2009 17 samples were taken for OSL-dating (MURRAY ET AL. 1995) out of the four dune ridges as well as out of a more than 30 m high elevated outcrop cut by the Shuangsi-river. The measurement and the evaluation of the OSL-samples will provide us an insight into the duration and intensity of the processes affecting the coastal area of Taiwan during the Holocene. We will give an outline during the poster presentation of the methodical approach and the morphodynamical processes affecting the Fulong-beach dune field in north-eastern Taiwan. References: LIN, J.C., PETLEY, D., JEN, C.-H. & HSU, M.-L. (2006): Slope movement in a dynamic environment - A case study of Tachia River, Central Taiwan. In: Quaternary International 147, p. 103-112. MURRAY, A.S., OLLEY, J.M. & CAITCHEON, G.G. (1995): Measurement of equivalent doses in quartz from contemporary water-lain sediments using optically stimulated luminescence. In: Quaternary Science Reviews 14, p. 365-371.

Development of the Lupus Interactive Navigator as an Empowering Web-Based eHealth Tool to Facilitate Lupus Management: Users Perspectives on Usability and Acceptability.

PubMed

Neville, Carolyn; Da Costa, Deborah; Rochon, Murray; Peschken, Christine A; Pineau, Christian A; Bernatsky, Sasha; Keeling, Stephanie; Avina-Zubieta, Antonio; Lye, Elizabeth; Eng, Davy; Fortin, Paul R

2016-05-30

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a serious, complex, and chronic illness. Similar to most other chronic illness states, there is great interest in helping persons with SLE engage in their disease management. The objectives of this study were to (1) develop the Lupus Interactive Navigator (LIN), a web-based self-management program for persons with SLE, and (2) test the LIN for usability and acceptability. The LIN development platform was based on the results of preliminary comprehensive needs assessments and adapted from the Oncology Interactive Navigator, a web-based tool developed for persons with cancer. Medical researchers, writers, designers, and programmers worked with clinical experts and persons with SLE to develop content for the LIN. Usability and acceptability of the LIN was tested on individuals with SLE meeting American College of Rheumatology criteria, who were recruited from five Canadian SLE clinics. Participants were provided with access to the LIN and were asked to use it over a two-week period. Following the testing period, participants were contacted for a 30-minute telephone interview to assess usability and acceptability. The content for the LIN was subdivided into six primary information topics with interview videos featuring rheumatologists, allied health professionals, and persons with SLE. Usability and acceptability of the LIN was tested on 43 females with SLE. Of these, 37 (86%) completed telephone interviews. The average age was 43.6 (SD 15.9) years and disease duration averaged 14.1 (SD 10.8) years. Median time spent on LIN was 16.3 (interquartile range [IQR]:13.7, 53.5) minutes and median number of sessions was 2 (IQR: 1, 3). Overall, Likert ratings (0=strongly disagree; 7=strongly agree) of website usability and content were very high, with 75% scoring >6 out of 7 on all items. All participants agreed that LIN was easy to use, would recommend it to others with SLE, and would refer to it for future questions about SLE. Very high ratings were also given to relevancy, credibility, and usefulness of the information provided. Overall, 73% of the participants rated all topics helpful to very helpful. Participants who reported more prior knowledge about SLE rated items regarding improvement in knowledge and helpfulness relatively lower than persons with less prior knowledge. Most participants commented that the LIN would be very useful to those newly diagnosed with SLE. Minor revisions were recommended. This study furthers the understanding of the needs in the SLE community and delivers a unique eHealth tool to promote self-management in persons with SLE. The LIN was found to be highly acceptable in content and usability. The information provided on LIN may be most helpful for individuals with less experience with the disease, such as those newly diagnosed, indicating the need to tailor the content for persons with more SLE experience.

Lin28a uses distinct mechanisms of binding to RNA and affects miRNA levels positively and negatively.

PubMed

Nowak, Jakub Stanislaw; Hobor, Fruzsina; Downie Ruiz Velasco, Angela; Choudhury, Nila Roy; Heikel, Gregory; Kerr, Alastair; Ramos, Andres; Michlewski, Gracjan

2017-03-01

Lin28a inhibits the biogenesis of let-7 miRNAs by triggering the polyuridylation and degradation of their precursors by terminal uridylyltransferases TUT4/7 and 3'-5' exoribonuclease Dis3l2, respectively. Previously, we showed that Lin28a also controls the production of neuro-specific miRNA-9 via a polyuridylation-independent mechanism. Here we reveal that the sequences and structural characteristics of pre-let-7 and pre-miRNA-9 are eliciting two distinct modes of binding to Lin28a. We present evidence that Dis3l2 controls miRNA-9 production. Finally, we show that the constitutive expression of untagged Lin28a during neuronal differentiation in vitro positively and negatively affects numerous other miRNAs. Our findings shed light on the role of Lin28a in differentiating cells and on the ways in which one RNA-binding protein can perform multiple roles in the regulation of RNA processing. © 2017 Nowak et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the RNA Society.

Lin28 Mediates Cancer Chemotherapy Resistance via Regulation of miRNA Signaling.

PubMed

Xu, Chaoyang; Xie, Shuduo; Song, Chunjiao; Huang, Liming; Jiang, Zhinong

2014-06-01

Chemotherapy resistance is one of the major obstacles limiting the success of cancer drug treatment. Among the mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy treatment, there are those closely related to P-Glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-related protein, glutathione S-transferase pi and topoisomerase-II. Lin28 is a highly conserved RNA-binding protein, it consists of a cold shock domain and retroviral-type (CCHC) zinc finger motifs. In previous preclinical and clinical studies, positive Lin28 expression in cancer cells was correlated with decreased sensitivity to chemotherapy. And Lin28 could mediate cancer chemotherapy resistance via regulation of miR107 and Let-7 MiRNA. This article reviews current knowledge on predictive value of Lin28 in response to chemotherapy. Better understanding of its role may facilitate patient's selection of therapeutic regimen and lead to optimal clinical outcome.

Selective blockade of microRNA processing by Lin-28

PubMed Central

Viswanathan, Srinivas R.; Daley, George Q.; Gregory, Richard I.

2012-01-01

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in development, and dysregulation of miRNA expression has been observed in human malignancies. Recent evidence suggests that the processing of several primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) is blocked post-transcriptionally in embryonic stem (ES) cells, embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, and primary tumors. Here we show that Lin-28, a developmentally regulated RNA-binding protein, selectively blocks the processing of pri-let-7 miRNAs in embryonic cells. Using in vitro and in vivo studies, we demonstrate that Lin-28 is necessary and sufficient for blocking Microprocessor-mediated cleavage of pri-let-7 miRNAs. Our results identify Lin-28 as a negative regulator of miRNA biogenesis and suggest that Lin-28 may play a central role in blocking miRNA-mediated differentiation in stem cells and certain cancers. PMID:18292307

LIN-39/Hox triggers cell division and represses EFF-1/fusogen-dependent vulval cell fusion

PubMed Central

Shemer, Gidi; Podbilewicz, Benjamin

2002-01-01

General mechanisms by which Hox genes establish cell fates are known. However, a few Hox effectors mediating cell behaviors have been identified. Here we found the first effector of LIN-39/HoxD4/Dfd in Caenorhabditis elegans. In specific vulval precursor cells (VPCs), LIN-39 represses early and late expression of EFF-1, a membrane protein essential for cell fusion. Repression of eff-1 is also achieved by the activity of CEH-20/Exd/Pbx, a known cofactor of Hox proteins. Unfused VPCs in lin-39(−);eff-1(−) double mutants fail to divide but migrate, executing vulval fates. Thus, lin-39 is essential for inhibition of EFF-1-dependent cell fusion and stimulation of cell proliferation during vulva formation. Supplemental material is available at http://www.genesdev.org. PMID:12502736

Lin Receives 2010 Natural Hazards Focus Group Award for Graduate Research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2010-11-01

Ning Lin has been awarded the Natural Hazards Focus Group Award for Graduate Research, given annually to a recent Ph.D. recipient for outstanding contributions to natural hazards research. Lin's thesis is entitled “Multi-hazard risk analysis related to hurricanes.” She is scheduled to present an invited talk in the Extreme Natural Events: Modeling, Prediction, and Mitigation session (NH20) during the 2010 AGU Fall Meeting, held 13-17 December in San Francisco, Calif. Lin will be formally presented with the award at the Natural Hazards focus group reception on 14 December 2010.

Smart Methods for Linezolid Determination in the Presence of Alkaline and Oxidative Degradation Products Utilizing Their Overlapped Spectral Bands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abd El-Monem Hegazy, M.; Shaaban Eissa, M.; Abd El-Sattar, O. I.; Abd El-Kawy, M. M.

2014-09-01

Linezolid (LIN) is considered the first available oxazolidinone antibacterial agent. It is susceptible to hydrolysis and oxidation. Five simple, accurate, sensitive and validated UV spectrophotometric methods were developed for LIN determination in the presence of its alkaline (ALK) and oxidative (OXD) degradation products in bulk powder and pharmaceutical formulation. Method A is a second derivative one (D2) in which LIN is determined at 240.9 nm. Method B is a pH-induced differential derivative one where LIN is determined using the fourth derivative (D4) of the difference spectra (ΔA) at 285.3 nm. Methods C, D, and E are manipulating ratio spectra, where C is the double divisor-ratio difference spectrophotometric one (DD-RD) in which LIN was determined by calculating the amplitude difference at 243.7 and 267.6 nm of the ratio spectra. Method D is the double divisor-first derivative of ratio spectra (DD-DD1) in which LIN was determined at 270.2 nm. Method E is a mean centering of ratio spectra one (MCR) in which LIN was determined at 318.0 nm. The developed methods have been validated according to ICH guidelines. The results were statistically compared to that of a reported HPLC method and there was no significant difference regarding both accuracy and precision.

Identification and Characterization of Genes That Interact with Lin-12 in Caenorhabditis Elegans

PubMed Central

Tax, F. E.; Thomas, J. H.; Ferguson, E. L.; Horvitz, H. R.

1997-01-01

We identified and characterized 14 extragenic mutations that suppressed the dominant egg-laying defect of certain lin-12 gain-of-function mutations. These suppressors defined seven genes: sup-17, lag-2, sel-4, sel-5, sel-6, sel-7 and sel-8. Mutations in six of the genes are recessive suppressors, whereas the two mutations that define the seventh gene, lag-2, are semi-dominant suppressors. These suppressor mutations were able to suppress other lin-12 gain-of-function mutations. The suppressor mutations arose at a very low frequency per gene, 10-50 times below the typical loss-of-function mutation frequency. The suppressor mutations in sup-17 and lag-2 were shown to be rare non-null alleles, and we present evidence that null mutations in these two genes cause lethality. Temperature-shift studies for two suppressor genes, sup-17 and lag-2, suggest that both genes act at approximately the same time as lin-12 in specifying a cell fate. Suppressor alleles of six of these genes enhanced a temperature-sensitive loss-of-function allele of glp-1, a gene related to lin-12 in structure and function. Our analysis of these suppressors suggests that the majority of these genes are part of a shared lin-12/glp-1 signal transduction pathway, or act to regulate the expression or stability of lin-12 and glp-1. PMID:9409830

Distribution and contamination status of chromium in surface sediments of northern Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan.

PubMed

Dong, Cheng-Di; Chen, Chiu-Wen; Chen, Chih-Feng

2013-07-01

The distribution, enrichment, accumulation, and potential ecological risk of chromium (Cr) in the surface sediments of northern Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan, China were investigated. Sediment samples from ten locations located between the river mouths and harbor entrance of northern Kaohsiung Harbor were collected quarterly in 2011 and characterized for Cr, aluminum, water content, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, total grease, and grain size. Results showed that the Cr concentrations varied from 27.0 to 361.9 mg/kg with an average of (113.5 +/- 87.0) mg/kg. High Cr concentration was observed near the Jen-Gen River mouth. The mean Cr concentration was high at 255.5 mg/kg, which was at least 2 to 7 times than that of other sites. This might imply significant Cr contribution from upstream receiving tanneries wastewater into the Jen-Gen River. The spatial distribution of Cr reveals relatively high in the river mouth region, especially in Jen-Gen River, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor entrance region. This indicates that the major sources of Cr pollution from upstream industrial and municipal wastewaters discharged along the river bank; and Cr may drift with sea current and be dispersed into open sea. Moreover, Cr concentrations correlated closely to the physical-chemical properties of the sediments, which suggested the influence of industrial and municipal wastewaters discharged from the neighboring industrial parks and river basins. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the Jen-Gen River sediments can be characterized as moderate enrichment and none to medium accumulation of Cr, respectively. However, results of potential ecological risk index indicate that the sediment has low ecological potential risk. The results can provide valuable information to developing future strategies for the management of river mouth and harbor.

Knockdown of miR-128a induces Lin28a expression and reverts myeloid differentiation blockage in acute myeloid leukemia

PubMed Central

De Luca, Luciana; Trino, Stefania; Laurenzana, Ilaria; Tagliaferri, Daniela; Falco, Geppino; Grieco, Vitina; Bianchino, Gabriella; Nozza, Filomena; Campia, Valentina; D'Alessio, Francesca; La Rocca, Francesco; Caivano, Antonella; Villani, Oreste; Cilloni, Daniela; Musto, Pellegrino; Del Vecchio, Luigi

2017-01-01

Lin28A is a highly conserved RNA-binding protein that concurs to control the balance between stemness and differentiation in several tissue lineages. Here, we report the role of miR-128a/Lin28A axis in blocking cell differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by abnormally controlled proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells accompanied by partial or total inability to undergo terminal differentiation. First, we found Lin28A underexpressed in blast cells from AML patients and AML cell lines as compared with CD34+ normal precursors. In vitro transfection of Lin28A in NPM1-mutated OCI-AML3 cell line significantly triggered cell-cycle arrest and myeloid differentiation, with increased expression of macrophage associate genes (EGR2, ZFP36 and ANXA1). Furthermore, miR-128a, a negative regulator of Lin28A, was found overexpressed in AML cells compared with normal precursors, especially in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and in ‘AML with maturation’ (according to 2016 WHO classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia). Its forced overexpression by lentiviral infection in OCI-AML3 downregulated Lin28A with ensuing repression of macrophage-oriented differentiation. Finally, knockdown of miR-128a in OCI-AML3 and in APL/AML leukemic cells (by transfection and lentiviral infection, respectively) induced myeloid cell differentiation and increased expression of Lin28A, EGR2, ZFP36 and ANXA1, reverting myeloid differentiation blockage. In conclusion, our findings revealed a new mechanism for AML differentiation blockage, suggesting new strategies for AML therapy based upon miR-128a inhibition. PMID:28569789

Taxonomic review of the plant bug subfamily Isometopinae for Taiwan and Japanese Southwest Islands, with descriptions of new taxa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Isometopinae).

PubMed

Yasunaga, Tomohide; Yamada, Kazutaka; Tsai, Jing-Fu

2017-12-19

The fauna of plant bug subfamily Isometopinae in Taiwan and Japanese Southwest (Nansei) Islands is reviewed. Twenty-five species are recognized, including two new species of Myiomma Puton, M. austroccidens sp. nov. and M. kentingense sp. nov., which are herein diagnosed and described. In addition, Isometopus yehi Lin, 2004 is synonymized with I. bipunctatus Lin; Isometopidea yangi Lin is transferred to Kohnometopus; and a substitute name, Alcecoris linyangorum, is proposed for A. formosanus (Lin Yang) (= a junior secondary homonym of Alcecoris formosanus Lin). An annotated checklist, with updated distributional record and biological information, is provided for all treated taxa. A new tribe Sophianini is proposed for two genera, Alcecoris and Sophianus, characterized principally by the conspicuously modified antennal structures. An additional new species, Alcecoris cochlearatus sp. nov., found during examination of related Oriental specimens, is described from the Malay Peninsula.

Determining Asset Criticality for Cyber Defense

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-09-23

sciences area that may be applied to our situation. In particular, Analytic Hierarchy Process ( AHP ) [20] and Hierarchical TOPSIS [21] [22] are some examples...34 Mathematical and Computer Modeling, vol. 45, no. 7-8, pp. 801-813, 2007. 33 [22] Jia-Wen Wang, Ching-Hsue Cheng, and Kun-Cheng Huang, " Fuzzy

COMBINED ENDOCRINE EFFECTS OF IN UTERO EXPOSURE TO THE ANTIANDROGENS BUTYLBENZYL PHTHALATE (BBP) AND LINURON (LIN) ON FETAL TESTOSTERONE (T) SYNTHESIS AND REPRODUCTIVE TRACT DEVELOPMENT

EPA Science Inventory

COMBINED ENDOCRINE EFFECTS OF IN UTERO EXPOSURE TO THE ANTIANDROGENS BUTYLBENZYL PHTHALATE (BBP) AND LINURON (Lin) ON FETAL TESTOSTERONE (T) SYNTHESIS AND REPRODUCTIVE TRACT DEVELOPMENT
Parks LG , Hotchkiss AK, Ostby J, Lambright C and Gray LE, Jr.

Lin and BBP are toxic...

Beta-cyclodextrin enhanced gastroprotective effect of (-)-linalool, a monoterpene present in rosewood essential oil, in gastric lesion models.

PubMed

da Silva, Francilene Vieira; de Barros Fernandes, Hélio; Oliveira, Irisdalva Sousa; Viana, Ana Flávia Seraine Custódio; da Costa, Douglas Soares; Lopes, Miriam Teresa Paz; de Lira, Kamila Lopes; Quintans-Júnior, Lucindo José; de Sousa, Adriano Antunes; de Cássia Meneses Oliveira, Rita

2016-11-01

(-)-Linalool is a monoterpene constituent of many essential oils. This particular monoterpene has both anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. Moreover, this compound has been shown to be antinociceptive. However, the poor chemical stability and short half-life prevents the clinical application of (-)-linalool and many other essential oils. Important to the topic of this study, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) has been used to increase the solubility, stability, and pharmacological effects of numerous lipophilic compounds in vivo. In this study, the gastroprotective activities of (-)-linalool (LIN) and linalool incorporated into inclusion complex containing β-cyclodextrin (LIN-βCD) were evaluated using models of acute and chronic gastric ulcers in rodents. LIN and LIN-βCD showed strong gastroprotective activity (p < 0.001). The LIN-βCD complex revealed that the gastroprotective effect was significantly improved compared with LIN uncomplexed, suggesting that this improvement is related to increased solubility and stability. Taking together the potentiation of the antioxidant profile of this monoterpene, our results suggest that β-CD may represent an important tool for improved gastroprotective activity of (-)-linalool and other water-insoluble compounds.

Clinical application of Lin's biopsy grasper for intrauterine targeted biopsy and polypectomy during office hysteroscopy.

PubMed

Cheng, Hsin-Yi; Lin, Bao-Liang; Tseng, Jen-Yu; Ueno, Kazunori; Nakada, Sakura

2018-06-01

Hysteroscopy has widely been used for diagnosis of the uterine cavity; however, target biopsy has often been difficult in part to the inherent limitations of ancillary instruments. Lin's biopsy grasper was specifically designed to work in conjunction with a flexible hysteroscope to obtain intrauterine biopsy under transabdominal sonography. Herein, we share our clinical experience in the management of endometrial abnormalities with the use of Lin's biopsy grasper during office-based hysteroscopy. From February 2006 to November 2016, the use of Lin's biopsy grasper for tissue biopsy was attempted on 126 cases. We retrospectively recorded and analyzed the patients' preoperative characteristics and biopsy outcomes to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of Lin's biopsy grasper. Out of the one hundred and twenty-six enrolled patients, satisfactory targeted biopsies were achieved; including high diagnostic rate (92.1%, with 116 cases confirmed histologically) and adequate tissue retrieval (77.8%, with 98 cases obtaining optimal specimen volume). All patients tolerated the procedure without analgesics or anesthesia. Diagnostic flexible hysteroscopy combined with the use of Lin's biopsy grasper has proven to be an effective tool for intrauterine evaluation and obtaining tissue sample. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Transmembrane protein MIG-13 links the Wnt signaling and Hox genes to the cell polarity in neuronal migration

PubMed Central

Wang, Xiangming; Zhou, Fanli; Lv, Sijing; Yi, Peishan; Zhu, Zhiwen; Yang, Yihong; Feng, Guoxin; Li, Wei; Ou, Guangshuo

2013-01-01

Directional cell migration is a fundamental process in neural development. In Caenorhabditis elegans, Q neuroblasts on the left (QL) and right (QR) sides of the animal generate cells that migrate in opposite directions along the anteroposterior body axis. The homeobox (Hox) gene lin-39 promotes the anterior migration of QR descendants (QR.x), whereas the canonical Wnt signaling pathway activates another Hox gene, mab-5, to ensure the QL descendants’ (QL.x) posterior migration. However, the regulatory targets of LIN-39 and MAB-5 remain elusive. Here, we showed that MIG-13, an evolutionarily conserved transmembrane protein, cell-autonomously regulates the asymmetric distribution of the actin cytoskeleton in the leading migratory edge. We identified mig-13 as a cellular target of LIN-39 and MAB-5. LIN-39 establishes QR.x anterior polarity by binding to the mig-13 promoter and promoting mig-13 expression, whereas MAB-5 inhibits QL.x anterior polarity by associating with the lin-39 promoter and downregulating lin-39 and mig-13 expression. Thus, MIG-13 links the Wnt signaling and Hox genes that guide migrations, to the actin cytoskeleton, which executes the motility response in neuronal migration. PMID:23784779

Drosophila Lin-52 Acts in Opposition to Repressive Components of the Myb-MuvB/dREAM Complex

PubMed Central

Lewis, Peter W.; Sahoo, Debashis; Geng, Cuiyun; Bell, Maren

2012-01-01

The Drosophila melanogaster Myb-MuvB/dREAM complex (MMB/dREAM) participates in both the activation and repression of developmentally regulated genes and origins of DNA replication. Mutants in MMB subunits exhibit diverse phenotypes, including lethality, eye defects, reduced fecundity, and sterility. Here, we used P-element excision to generate mutations in lin-52, which encodes the smallest subunit of the MMB/dREAM complex. lin-52 is required for viability, as null mutants die prior to pupariation. The generation of somatic and germ line mutant clones indicates that lin-52 is required for adult eye development and for early embryogenesis via maternal effects. Interestingly, the maternal-effect embryonic lethality, larval lethality, and adult eye defects could be suppressed by mutations in other subunits of the MMB/dREAM complex. These results suggest that a partial MMB/dREAM complex is responsible for the lethality and eye defects of lin-52 mutants. Furthermore, these findings support a model in which the Lin-52 and Myb proteins counteract the repressive activities of the other members of the MMB/dREAM complex at specific genomic loci in a developmentally controlled manner. PMID:22688510

Lin28-let7 Modulates Radiosensitivity of Human Cancer Cells With Activation of K-Ras

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oh, Jee-Sun.; Kim, Jae-Jin; Byun, Ju-Yeon

2010-01-15

Purpose: To evaluate the potential of targeting Lin28-let7 microRNA regulatory network for overcoming the radioresistance of cancer cells having activated K-Ras signaling. Methods and Materials: A549 lung carcinoma cells and ASPC1 pancreatic cancer cells possessing K-RAS mutation were transfected with pre-let7a microRNA or Lin28 siRNA, respectively. Clonogenic assay, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western analysis were performed. The effects of Lin28 on SQ20B cells having wild-type K-RAS, and a normal fibroblast were also assessed. Results: The overexpression of let-7a decreased expression of K-Ras and radiosensitized A549 cells. Inhibition of Lin28, a repressor of let-7, attenuated K-Ras expression andmore » radiosensitized A549 and ASPC1 cells. Neither SQ20B cells expressing wild-type K-RAS nor HDF, the normal human fibroblasts, were radiosensitized by this approach. Conclusions: The Lin28-let7 regulatory network may be a potentially useful therapeutic target for overcoming the radioresistance of human cancers having activated K-Ras signaling.« less

Stress Survival Islet 2, Predominantly Present in Listeria monocytogenes Strains of Sequence Type 121, Is Involved in the Alkaline and Oxidative Stress Responses

PubMed Central

Harter, Eva; Wagner, Eva Maria; Zaiser, Andreas; Halecker, Sabrina; Wagner, Martin

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is able to survive a variety of stress conditions leading to the colonization of different niches like the food processing environment. This study focuses on the hypervariable genetic hot spot lmo0443 to lmo0449 haboring three inserts: the stress survival islet 1 (SSI-1), the single-gene insert LMOf2365_0481, and two homologous genes of the nonpathogenic species Listeria innocua: lin0464, coding for a putative transcriptional regulator, and lin0465, encoding an intracellular PfpI protease. Our prevalence study revealed a different distribution of the inserts between human and food-associated isolates. The lin0464-lin0465 insert was predominantly found in food-associated strains of sequence type 121 (ST121). Functional characterization of this insert showed that the putative PfpI protease Lin0465 is involved in alkaline and oxidative stress responses but not in acidic, gastric, heat, cold, osmotic, and antibiotic stresses. In parallel, deletion of lin0464 decreased survival under alkaline and oxidative stresses. The expression of both genes increased significantly under oxidative stress conditions independently of the alternative sigma factor σB. Furthermore, we showed that the expression of the protease gene lin0465 is regulated by the transcription factor lin0464 under stress conditions, suggesting that lin0464 and lin0465 form a functional unit. In conclusion, we identified a novel stress survival islet 2 (SSI-2), predominantly present in L. monocytogenes ST121 strains, beneficial for survival under alkaline and oxidative stresses, potentially supporting adaptation and persistence of L. monocytogenes in food processing environments. IMPORTANCE Listeria monocytogenes strains of ST121 are known to persist for months and even years in food processing environments, thereby increasing the risk of food contamination and listeriosis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this remarkable niche-specific adaptation is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the genomic islet SSI-2, predominantly present in L. monocytogenes ST121 strains, is beneficial for survival under alkaline and oxidative stress conditions, which are routinely encountered in food processing environments. Our findings suggest that SSI-2 is part of a diverse set of molecular determinants contributing to niche-specific adaptation and persistence of L. monocytogenes ST121 strains in food processing environments. PMID:28625982

Stress Survival Islet 2, Predominantly Present in Listeria monocytogenes Strains of Sequence Type 121, Is Involved in the Alkaline and Oxidative Stress Responses.

PubMed

Harter, Eva; Wagner, Eva Maria; Zaiser, Andreas; Halecker, Sabrina; Wagner, Martin; Rychli, Kathrin

2017-08-15

The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is able to survive a variety of stress conditions leading to the colonization of different niches like the food processing environment. This study focuses on the hypervariable genetic hot spot lmo0443 to lmo0449 haboring three inserts: the stress survival islet 1 (SSI-1), the single-gene insert LMOf2365_0481 , and two homologous genes of the nonpathogenic species Listeria innocua : lin0464 , coding for a putative transcriptional regulator, and lin0465 , encoding an intracellular PfpI protease. Our prevalence study revealed a different distribution of the inserts between human and food-associated isolates. The lin0464-lin0465 insert was predominantly found in food-associated strains of sequence type 121 (ST121). Functional characterization of this insert showed that the putative PfpI protease Lin0465 is involved in alkaline and oxidative stress responses but not in acidic, gastric, heat, cold, osmotic, and antibiotic stresses. In parallel, deletion of lin0464 decreased survival under alkaline and oxidative stresses. The expression of both genes increased significantly under oxidative stress conditions independently of the alternative sigma factor σ B Furthermore, we showed that the expression of the protease gene lin0465 is regulated by the transcription factor lin0464 under stress conditions, suggesting that lin0464 and lin0465 form a functional unit. In conclusion, we identified a novel stress survival islet 2 (SSI-2), predominantly present in L. monocytogenes ST121 strains, beneficial for survival under alkaline and oxidative stresses, potentially supporting adaptation and persistence of L. monocytogenes in food processing environments. IMPORTANCE Listeria monocytogenes strains of ST121 are known to persist for months and even years in food processing environments, thereby increasing the risk of food contamination and listeriosis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this remarkable niche-specific adaptation is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the genomic islet SSI-2, predominantly present in L. monocytogenes ST121 strains, is beneficial for survival under alkaline and oxidative stress conditions, which are routinely encountered in food processing environments. Our findings suggest that SSI-2 is part of a diverse set of molecular determinants contributing to niche-specific adaptation and persistence of L. monocytogenes ST121 strains in food processing environments. Copyright © 2017 Harter et al.

KSC-2010-4576

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-09-05

ORLANDO, Fla. -- During the 2010 Tom Joyner Family Reunion, Jim Jennings talks to attendees at the Gaylord Palms Convention Center in Orlando, Fla. To encourage student attendees to focus on pursuing careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), NASA featured some of its greatest legends and trailblazers during a panel discussion at the reunion event. Other panel members included NASA astronaut Leland Melvin, Christine Darden, Lew Braxton, Robyn Gordon, Jim Jennings, and space activist and actress Nichelle Nichols. NASA's Education Office sponsored the panel discussion and educational activities as part of the agency's "Summer of Innovation" initiative and the federal "Educate to Innovate" campaign. Photo credit: NASA/Amanda Diller

An Analysis of Navy Nurse Corps Accession Sources

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

1 I. INTRODUCTION A. BACKGROUND Since 1998, the United States has experienced a nationwide nursing shortage (Juraschek, Zhang, Ranganathan ...supply of RNs in the civilian workforce (Juraschek, Zhang, Ranganathan , & Lin, 2012). A study by Juraschek, Zhang, Ranganathan , & Lin (2012...Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. Retrieved from www.dtic.mil/cgi- bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA344570 Juraschek, S. P., Zhang, X., Ranganathan , V. K., & Lin, V

The DREAM complex through its subunit Lin37 cooperates with Rb to initiate quiescence

PubMed Central

Mages, Christina FS; Wintsche, Axel; Bernhart, Stephan H

2017-01-01

The retinoblastoma Rb protein is an important factor controlling the cell cycle. Yet, mammalian cells carrying Rb deletions are still able to arrest under growth-limiting conditions. The Rb-related proteins p107 and p130, which are components of the DREAM complex, had been suggested to be responsible for a continued ability to arrest by inhibiting E2f activity and by recruiting chromatin-modifying enzymes. Here, we show that p130 and p107 are not sufficient for DREAM-dependent repression. We identify the MuvB protein Lin37 as an essential factor for DREAM function. Cells not expressing Lin37 proliferate normally, but DREAM completely loses its ability to repress genes in G0/G1 while all remaining subunits, including p130/p107, still bind to target gene promoters. Furthermore, cells lacking both Rb and Lin37 are incapable of exiting the cell cycle. Thus, Lin37 is an essential component of DREAM that cooperates with Rb to induce quiescence. PMID:28920576

Evolutionary plasticity of the NHL domain underlies distinct solutions to RNA recognition.

PubMed

Kumari, Pooja; Aeschimann, Florian; Gaidatzis, Dimos; Keusch, Jeremy J; Ghosh, Pritha; Neagu, Anca; Pachulska-Wieczorek, Katarzyna; Bujnicki, Janusz M; Gut, Heinz; Großhans, Helge; Ciosk, Rafal

2018-04-19

RNA-binding proteins regulate all aspects of RNA metabolism. Their association with RNA is mediated by RNA-binding domains, of which many remain uncharacterized. A recently reported example is the NHL domain, found in prominent regulators of cellular plasticity like the C. elegans LIN-41. Here we employ an integrative approach to dissect the RNA specificity of LIN-41. Using computational analysis, structural biology, and in vivo studies in worms and human cells, we find that a positively charged pocket, specific to the NHL domain of LIN-41 and its homologs (collectively LIN41), recognizes a stem-loop RNA element, whose shape determines the binding specificity. Surprisingly, the mechanism of RNA recognition by LIN41 is drastically different from that of its more distant relative, the fly Brat. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that this reflects a rapid evolution of the domain, presenting an interesting example of a conserved protein fold that acquired completely different solutions to RNA recognition.

RNA interference can target pre-mRNA: consequences for gene expression in a Caenorhabditis elegans operon.

PubMed Central

Bosher, J M; Dufourcq, P; Sookhareea, S; Labouesse, M

1999-01-01

In nematodes, flies, trypanosomes, and planarians, introduction of double-stranded RNA results in sequence-specific inactivation of gene function, a process termed RNA interference (RNAi). We demonstrate that RNAi against the Caenorhabditis elegans gene lir-1, which is part of the lir-1/lin-26 operon, induced phenotypes very different from a newly isolated lir-1 null mutation. Specifically, lir-1(RNAi) induced embryonic lethality reminiscent of moderately strong lin-26 alleles, whereas the lir-1 null mutant was viable. We show that the lir-1(RNAi) phenotypes resulted from a severe loss of lin-26 gene expression. In addition, we found that RNAi directed against lir-1 or lin-26 introns induced similar phenotypes, so we conclude that lir-1(RNAi) targets the lir-1/lin-26 pre-mRNA. This provides direct evidence that RNA interference can prevent gene expression by targeting nuclear transcripts. Our results highlight that caution may be necessary when interpreting RNA interference without the benefit of mutant alleles. PMID:10545456

The let-7 microRNA target gene, Mlin41/Trim71 is required for mouse embryonic survival and neural tube closure

PubMed Central

Schulman, Betsy R. Maller; Liang, Xianping; Stahlhut, Carlos; DelConte, Casey; Stefani, Giovanni; Slack, Frank J.

2010-01-01

In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the let-7 microRNA (miRNA) controls the timing of key developmental events and terminal differentiation in part by directly regulating lin-41. C. elegans lin-41 mutants display precocious cell cycle exit and terminal differentiation of epidermal skin cells. lin-41 orthologues are found in more complex organisms including both mice and humans, but their roles are not known. We generated Mlin41 mouse mutants to ascertain a functional role for Mlin41. Strong loss of function Mlin41 gene-trap mutants demonstrated a striking neural tube closure defect during development, and embryonic lethality. Like C. elegans lin-41, Mlin41 also appears to be regulated by the let-7 and mir-125 miRNAs. Since Mlin41 is required for neural tube closure and survival it points to human lin-41 (HLIN41/TRIM71) as a potential human development and disease gene. PMID:19098426

On the Origin of Quasi-Periodic Temperature Variations in Kun-1 Well (Kunashir Island)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Demezhko, D. Yu.; Yurkov, A. K.

2017-12-01

The results of temperature monitoring in the 300-m kun-1 well (Kunashir Island) in 2011-2015 are considered. Quasi-periodic temperature variations with an amplitude of up to 0.3°C and a variation period of 14-26 h were added from November 2011 to the previously observed temperature variations caused by tidal deformations, free thermal convection, and deformation processes associated with the preparation and occurrence of tectonic earthquakes. Five cycles of such variations lasting from 2 to 6 months have been recorded. Each cycle was initiated by an earthquake with magnitude M > 2.5log( R), where R is the epicentral distance (km). According to their characteristics, the variations are unique and have not been described previously. Assumptions have been made about the possible connection of the registered variations with the inertial currents of the ocean or with hydrothermal processes in the Earth's subsurface. The phenomenon discovered requires further study not only as an object of fundamental science, but also as a feature of an earlier unknown type of geodynamic activity that can be a significant threat to the regional population.

Developmental regulation of myeloerythroid progenitor function by the Lin28b–let-7–Hmga2 axis

PubMed Central

Rowe, R. Grant; Wang, Leo D.; Coma, Silvia; Pearson, Daniel S.; Nguyen, Phi T.; Wagers, Amy J.

2016-01-01

For appropriate development, tissue and organ system morphogenesis and maturation must occur in synchrony with the overall developmental requirements of the host. Mistiming of such developmental events often results in disease. The hematopoietic system matures from the fetal state, characterized by robust erythrocytic output that supports prenatal growth in the hypoxic intrauterine environment, to the postnatal state wherein granulocytes predominate to provide innate immunity. Regulation of the developmental timing of these myeloerythroid states is not well understood. In this study, we find that expression of the heterochronic factor Lin28b decreases in common myeloid progenitors during hematopoietic maturation to adulthood in mice. This decrease in Lin28b coincides with accumulation of mature let-7 microRNAs, whose biogenesis is regulated by Lin28 proteins. We find that inhibition of let-7 in the adult hematopoietic system recapitulates fetal erythroid-dominant hematopoiesis. Conversely, deletion of Lin28b or ectopic activation of let-7 microRNAs in the fetal state induces a shift toward adult-like myeloid-dominant output. Furthermore, we identify Hmga2 as an effector of this genetic switch. These studies provide the first detailed analysis of the roles of endogenous Lin28b and let-7 in the timing of hematopoietic states during development. PMID:27401346

LIN-23, an E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Component, Is Required for the Repression of CDC-25.2 Activity during Intestinal Development in Caenorhabditis elegans.

PubMed

Son, Miseol; Kawasaki, Ichiro; Oh, Bong-Kyeong; Shim, Yhong-Hee

2016-11-30

Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans ) utilizes two different cell-cycle modes, binucleations during the L1 larval stage and endoreduplications at four larval moltings, for its postembryonic intestinal development. Previous genetic studies indicated that CDC-25.2 is specifically required for binucleations at the L1 larval stage and is repressed before endoreduplications. Furthermore, LIN-23, the C. elegans β-TrCP ortholog, appears to function as a repressor of CDC-25.2 to prevent excess intestinal divisions. We previously reported that intestinal hyperplasia in lin-23(e1883) mutants was effectively suppressed by the RNAi depletion of cdc-25.2 . Nevertheless, LIN-23 targeting CDC-25.2 for ubiquitination as a component of E3 ubiquitin ligase has not yet been tested. In this study, LIN-23 is shown to be the major E3 ubiquitin ligase component, recognizing CDC-25.2 to repress their activities for proper transition of cell-cycle modes during the C. elegans postembryonic intestinal development. In addition, for the first time that LIN-23 physically interacts with both CDC-25.1 and CDC-25.2 and facilitates ubiquitination for timely regulation of their activities during the intestinal development.

Bistable switch in let-7 miRNA biogenesis pathway involving Lin28.

PubMed

Shi, Fei; Yu, Wenbao; Wang, Xia

2014-10-21

miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs capable of regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. A growing body of evidence demonstrated that let-7 family of miRNAs, as one of the highly conserved miRNAs, plays an important role in cell differentiation and development, as well as tumor suppressor function depending on their levels of expression. To explore the physiological significance of let-7 in regulating cell fate decisions, we present a coarse grained model of let-7 biogenesis network, in which let-7 and its regulator Lin28 inhibit mutually. The dynamics of this minimal network architecture indicates that, as the concentration of Lin28 increases, the system undergoes a transition from monostability to a bistability and then to a one-way switch with increasing strength of positive feedback of let-7, while in the absence of Lin28 inhibition, the system loses bistability. Moreover, the ratio of degradation rates of let-7 and Lin28 is critical for the switching sensitivity and resistance to stimulus fluctuations. These findings may highlight why let-7 is required for normal gene expression in the context of embryonic development and oncogenesis, which will facilitate the development of approaches to exploit this regulatory pathway by manipulating Lin28/let-7 axis for novel treatments of human diseases.

Mechanism of insulin-stimulated clearance of plasma nonesterified fatty acids in humans.

PubMed

Carpentier, André C; Frisch, Frédérique; Brassard, Pascal; Lavoie, François; Bourbonnais, Annie; Cyr, Denis; Giguère, Robert; Baillargeon, Jean-Patrice

2007-03-01

Insulin increases plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) clearance in humans, but whether this is independent of change in plasma NEFA appearance is currently unknown. Nine nondiabetic men (age: 28+/-3 yr, body mass index: 27.2+/-1.7 kg/m2) underwent euglycemic clamps to maintain low (LINS) vs. high (HINS) physiological insulin levels for 6 h. An intravenous infusion of heparin+Intralipid (HI) was performed during 4 of the 6 h of the clamps (in the last 4 h at LINS and in the first 4 h at HINS), whereas saline infusion (SAL) was administered in the remaining 2 h to modulate plasma NEFA levels independently of plasma insulin levels. Four experimental conditions were obtained in each individual: LINS with saline (LINS/SAL) and with HI infusion (LINS/HI) and HINS with saline (HINS/SAL) and with HI infusion (HINS/HI). Plasma palmitate appearance during HINS/SAL was lower than during the three other experimental conditions (P<0.05). In contrast, plasma linoleate appearance, as expected, was increased by HI independently of insulin level (P<0.02). Plasma palmitate clearance during HINS/SAL was higher than LINS/SAL and LINS/HI (P<0.008), and this increase was blunted during HINS/HI. We observed a linear decrease in plasma palmitate clearance with increasing plasma NEFA appearance independent of insulin levels. Plasma NEFA levels increased exponentially with increase in plasma NEFA appearance. We conclude that insulin stimulates plasma NEFA clearance by reducing the endogenous appearance rate of NEFA. The relationship between plasma NEFA level and appearance rate is nonlinear.

C. elegans microRNAs.

PubMed

Vella, Monica C; Slack, Frank J

2005-09-21

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding regulatory RNAs found in many phyla that control such diverse events as development, metabolism, cell fate and cell death. They have also been implicated in human cancers. The C. elegans genome encodes hundreds of miRNAs, including the founding members of the miRNA family lin-4 and let-7. Despite the abundance of C. elegans miRNAs, few miRNA targets are known and little is known about the mechanism by which they function. However, C. elegans research continues to push the boundaries of discovery in this area. lin-4 and let-7 are the best understood miRNAs. They control the timing of adult cell fate determination in hypodermal cells by binding to partially complementary sites in the mRNA of key developmental regulators to repress protein expression. For example, lin-4 is predicted to bind to seven sites in the lin-14 3' untranslated region (UTR) to repress LIN-14, while let-7 is predicted to bind two let-7 complementary sites in the lin-41 3' UTR to down-regulate LIN-41. Two other miRNAs, lsy-6 and mir-273, control left-right asymmetry in neural development, and also target key developmental regulators for repression. Approximately one third of the C. elegans miRNAs are differentially expressed during development indicating a major role for miRNAs in C. elegans development. Given the remarkable conservation of developmental mechanism across phylogeny, many of the principles of miRNAs discovered in C. elegans are likely to be applicable to higher animals.

Antagonism of LIN-17/Frizzled and LIN-18/Ryk in nematode vulva induction reveals evolutionary alterations in core developmental pathways.

PubMed

Wang, Xiaoyue; Sommer, Ralf J

2011-07-01

Most diversity in animals and plants results from the modification of already existing structures. Many organ systems, for example, are permanently modified during evolution to create developmental and morphological diversity, but little is known about the evolution of the underlying developmental mechanisms. The theory of developmental systems drift proposes that the development of conserved morphological structures can involve large-scale modifications in their regulatory mechanisms. We test this hypothesis by comparing vulva induction in two genetically tractable nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus. Previous work indicated that the vulva is induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF)/RAS and WNT signaling in Caenorhabditis and Pristionchus, respectively. Here, we show that the evolution of vulva induction involves major molecular alterations and that this shift of signaling pathways involves a novel wiring of WNT signaling and the acquisition of novel domains in otherwise conserved receptors in Pristionchus vulva induction. First, Ppa-LIN-17/Frizzled acts as an antagonist of WNT signaling and suppresses the ligand Ppa-EGL-20 by ligand sequestration. Second, Ppa-LIN-18/Ryk transmits WNT signaling and requires inhibitory SH3 domain binding motifs, unknown from Cel-LIN-18/Ryk. Third, Ppa-LIN-18/Ryk signaling involves Axin and β-catenin and Ppa-axl-1/Axin is epistatic to Ppa-lin-18/Ryk. These results confirm developmental system drift as an important theory for the evolution of organ systems and they highlight the significance of protein modularity in signal transduction and the dynamics of signaling networks.

Antagonism of LIN-17/Frizzled and LIN-18/Ryk in Nematode Vulva Induction Reveals Evolutionary Alterations in Core Developmental Pathways

PubMed Central

Wang, Xiaoyue; Sommer, Ralf J.

2011-01-01

Most diversity in animals and plants results from the modification of already existing structures. Many organ systems, for example, are permanently modified during evolution to create developmental and morphological diversity, but little is known about the evolution of the underlying developmental mechanisms. The theory of developmental systems drift proposes that the development of conserved morphological structures can involve large-scale modifications in their regulatory mechanisms. We test this hypothesis by comparing vulva induction in two genetically tractable nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus. Previous work indicated that the vulva is induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF)/RAS and WNT signaling in Caenorhabditis and Pristionchus, respectively. Here, we show that the evolution of vulva induction involves major molecular alterations and that this shift of signaling pathways involves a novel wiring of WNT signaling and the acquisition of novel domains in otherwise conserved receptors in Pristionchus vulva induction. First, Ppa-LIN-17/Frizzled acts as an antagonist of WNT signaling and suppresses the ligand Ppa-EGL-20 by ligand sequestration. Second, Ppa-LIN-18/Ryk transmits WNT signaling and requires inhibitory SH3 domain binding motifs, unknown from Cel-LIN-18/Ryk. Third, Ppa-LIN-18/Ryk signaling involves Axin and β-catenin and Ppa-axl-1/Axin is epistatic to Ppa-lin-18/Ryk. These results confirm developmental system drift as an important theory for the evolution of organ systems and they highlight the significance of protein modularity in signal transduction and the dynamics of signaling networks. PMID:21814488

PREFACE: 7th International Conference on Applied Electrostatics (ICAES-2012)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Jie

2013-03-01

ICAES is an important conference organized every four years by the Committee on Electrostatics of the Chinese Physical Society, which serves as a forum for scientists, educators and engineers interested in the fundamentals, applications, disasters and safety of electrostatics, etc. In recent years, new techniques, applications and fundamental theories on electrostatics have developed considerably. ICAES-7, held in Dalian, China, from 17-19 September 2012, aimed to provide a forum for all scholars to report the newest developments in electrostatics, to probe the questions that scholars faced and to discuss fresh ideas related to electrostatics. ICAES-7 was co-organized and hosted by Dalian University of Technology, and was sponsored by the Ministry of Education of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Dalian University of Technology, Nanjing Suman Electronics Co. Ltd (Suman, China), Shekonic (Yangzhou Shuanghong, China) Electric/Mechanical Co. Ltd, and Suzhou TA&A Ultra Clean Technology Co. Ltd. (China). On behalf of the organizing committee of ICAES-7, I express my great appreciation for their support of the conference. Over 160 scholars and engineers from many countries including Croatia, The Czech Republic, D.P.R. Korea, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, Poland, Russia, the United States of America, China attended ICAES-7, and the conference collected and selected 149 papers for publication. The subjects of those papers cover the fundamentals of electrostatics, electrostatic disaster and safety, and electrostatic application (e.g. precipitation, pollutant control, biological treatment, mixture separation and food processing, etc). I cordially thank all authors and attendees for their support, and my appreciation is also given to the conference honorary chair, the organizing committee and advisory committee, and the conference secretaries for their hard work. ICAES-7 is dedicated to the memory of Professor Jen-Shih Chang (professor emeritus in the Faculty of Engineering, McMaster University, Canada), Haitian Scholar of Dalian University of Technology (China), who passed away on 27 February 2011. Professor Chang was active in research fields including the applications of electrostatics, electromagnetic hydrodynamics, plasma environmental pollution control technologies, etc and he contributed much to the development of these fields. Professor Chang was the visiting professor at some Key Universities in China and was the friend of Chinese scholars engaged in electrostatics. Professor Chang was also active in joining and supporting the previous ICAES. We will cherish the memory of Professor Jen-Shih Chang forever. Professor Jie Li Proceedings Editor Dalian, September 2012 Conference photograph

KSC-04PD-2008

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. Astronaut Leland Melvin talks and interacts with students at Gainesville Elementary School, a NASA Explorer School in Gainesville, Ga. Melvin joined Jim Jennings, deputy associate administrator for Institutions and Asset Management at NASA Headquarters, on the visit to the school to share the new vision for space exploration with the next generation of explorers. Also accompanying Jennings was KSC Deputy Director Dr. Woodrow Whitlow Jr., who talked with students about our destiny as explorers, NASAs stepping stone approach to exploring Earth, the Moon, Mars and beyond, how space impacts our lives, and how people and machines rely on each other in space. Melvin talked about the importance of teamwork and what it takes for mission success.

KSC-04PD-2007

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. Astronaut Leland Melvin talks and interacts with students at Gainesville Elementary School, a NASA Explorer School in Gainesville, Ga. Melvin joined Jim Jennings, deputy associate administrator for Institutions and Asset Management at NASA Headquarters, on the visit to the school to share the new vision for space exploration with the next generation of explorers. Also accompanying Jennings was KSC Deputy Director Dr. Woodrow Whitlow Jr., who talked with students about our destiny as explorers, NASAs stepping stone approach to exploring Earth, the Moon, Mars and beyond, how space impacts our lives, and how people and machines rely on each other in space. Melvin talked about the importance of teamwork and what it takes for mission success.

The generation of centripetal force when walking in a circle: insight from the distribution of ground reaction forces recorded by plantar insoles.

PubMed

Turcato, Anna Maria; Godi, Marco; Giordano, Andrea; Schieppati, Marco; Nardone, Antonio

2015-01-09

Turning involves complex reorientation of the body and is accompanied by asymmetric motion of the lower limbs. We investigated the distribution of the forces under the two feet, and its relation to the trajectory features and body medio-lateral displacement during curved walking. Twenty-six healthy young participants walked under three different randomized conditions: in a straight line (LIN), in a circular clockwise path and in a circular counter-clockwise path. Both feet were instrumented with Pedar-X insoles. An accelerometer was fixed to the trunk to measure the medio-lateral inclination of the body. We analyzed walking speed, stance duration as a percent of gait cycle (%GC), the vertical component of the ground reaction force (vGRF) of both feet during the entire stance, and trunk inclination. Gait speed was faster during LIN than curved walking, but not affected by the direction of the curved trajectory. Trunk inclination was negligible during LIN, while the trunk was inclined toward the center of the path during curved trajectories. Stance duration of LIN foot and foot inside the curved trajectory (Foot-In) was longer than for foot outside the trajectory (Foot-Out). vGRF at heel strike was larger in LIN than in curved walking. At mid-stance, vGRF for both Foot-In and Foot-Out was higher than for LIN foot. At toe off, vGRF for both Foot-In and Foot-Out was lower than for LIN foot; in addition, Foot-In had lower vGRF than Foot-Out. During curved walking, a greater loading of the lateral heel occurred for Foot-Out than Foot-In and LIN foot. On the contrary, a smaller lateral loading of the heel was found for Foot-In than LIN foot. At the metatarsal heads, an opposite behaviour was seen, since lateral loading decreased for Foot-Out and increased for Foot-In. The lower gait speed during curved walking is shaped by the control of trunk inclination and the production of asymmetric loading of heel and metatarsal heads, hence by the different contribution of the feet in producing the body inclination towards the centre of the trajectory.

From lin-benzoguanines to lin-benzohypoxanthines as ligands for Zymomonas mobilis tRNA-guanine transglycosylase: replacement of protein-ligand hydrogen bonding by importing water clusters.

PubMed

Barandun, Luzi Jakob; Immekus, Florian; Kohler, Philipp C; Tonazzi, Sandro; Wagner, Björn; Wendelspiess, Severin; Ritschel, Tina; Heine, Andreas; Kansy, Manfred; Klebe, Gerhard; Diederich, François

2012-07-23

The foodborne illness shigellosis is caused by Shigella bacteria that secrete the highly cytotoxic Shiga toxin, which is also formed by the closely related enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). It has been shown that tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (TGT) is essential for the pathogenicity of Shigella flexneri. Herein, the molecular recognition properties of a guanine binding pocket in Zymomonas mobilis TGT are investigated with a series of lin-benzohypoxanthine- and lin-benzoguanine-based inhibitors that bear substituents to occupy either the ribose-33 or the ribose-34 pocket. The three inhibitor scaffolds differ by the substituent at C(6) being H, NH(2), or NH-alkyl. These differences lead to major changes in the inhibition constants, pK(a) values, and binding modes. Compared to the lin-benzoguanines, with an exocyclic NH(2) at C(6), the lin-benzohypoxanthines without an exocyclic NH(2) group have a weaker affinity as several ionic protein-ligand hydrogen bonds are lost. X-ray cocrystal structure analysis reveals that a new water cluster is imported into the space vacated by the lacking NH(2) group and by a conformational shift of the side chain of catalytic Asp102. In the presence of an N-alkyl group at C(6) in lin-benzoguanine ligands, this water cluster is largely maintained but replacement of one of the water molecules in the cluster leads to a substantial loss in binding affinity. This study provides new insight into the role of water clusters at enzyme active sites and their challenging substitution by ligand parts, a topic of general interest in contemporary structure-based drug design. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

The influence of BDNF on human umbilical cord blood stem/progenitor cells: implications for stem cell-based therapy of neurodegenerative disorders.

PubMed

Paczkowska, Edyta; Łuczkowska, Karolina; Piecyk, Katarzyna; Rogińska, Dorota; Pius-Sadowska, Ewa; Ustianowski, Przemysław; Cecerska, Elżbieta; Dołęgowska, Barbara; Celewicz, Zbigniew; Machaliński, Bogusław

2015-01-01

Umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived stem/progenitor cells (SPCs) have demonstrated the potential to improve neurologic function in different experimental models. SPCs can survive after transplantation in the neural microenvironment and indu ce neuroprotection, endogenous neurogenesis by secreting a broad repertoire of trophic and immunomodulatory cytokines. In this study, the influence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pre-treatment was comprehensively evaluated in a UCB-derived lineage-negative (Lin-) SPC population. UCB-derived Lin- cells were evaluated with respect to the expression of (i) neuronal markers using immunofluorescence staining and (ii) specific (TrkB) receptors for BDNF using flow cytometry. Next, after BDNF pre-treatment, Lin- cells were extensively assessed with respect to apoptosis using Western blotting and proliferation via BrdU incorporation. Furthermore, NT-3 expression levels in Lin- cells using RQ PCR and antioxidative enzyme activities were assessed. We demonstrated neuronal markers as well as TrkB expression in Lin- cells and the activation of the TrkB receptor by BDNF. BDNF pre-treatment diminished apoptosis in Lin- cells and influenced the proliferation of these cells. We observed significant changes in antioxidants as well as in the increased expression of NT-3 in Lin- cells following BDNF exposure. Complex global miRNA and mRNA profiling analyses using microarray technology and GSEA revealed the differential regulation of genes involved in the proliferation, gene expression, biosynthetic processes, translation, and protein targeting. Our results support the hypothesis that pre-treatment of stem/progenitor cells could be beneficial and may be used as an auxiliary strategy for improving the properties of SPCs.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The Honorable Toni Jennings (left), lieutenant governor of the state of Florida, and Frank T. Brogan, president of Florida Atlantic University, receive a briefing on the research that will be conducted in the Space Life Sciences Lab from Dr. Robert J. Ferl (right), director of Space Agriculture Biotechnology Research and Education (SABRE), University of Florida. Jennings and Brogan are speaking at a dedication and ribbon-cutting ceremony for the lab hosted by NASA-Kennedy Space Center and the state of Florida at the new lab. Completed in August, the facility encompasses more than 100,000 square feet and was formerly known as the Space Experiment Research and Processing Laboratory or SERPL. The state, through the Florida Space Authority, built the research lab which is host to NASA, NASA’s Life Sciences Services contractor Dynamac Corp., Bionetics Corp., and researchers from the University of Florida. Dynamac Corp. leases the facility. The Florida Space Research Institute is responsible for gaining additional tenants from outside the NASA community.

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-11-19

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The Honorable Toni Jennings (left), lieutenant governor of the state of Florida, and Frank T. Brogan, president of Florida Atlantic University, receive a briefing on the research that will be conducted in the Space Life Sciences Lab from Dr. Robert J. Ferl (right), director of Space Agriculture Biotechnology Research and Education (SABRE), University of Florida. Jennings and Brogan are speaking at a dedication and ribbon-cutting ceremony for the lab hosted by NASA-Kennedy Space Center and the state of Florida at the new lab. Completed in August, the facility encompasses more than 100,000 square feet and was formerly known as the Space Experiment Research and Processing Laboratory or SERPL. The state, through the Florida Space Authority, built the research lab which is host to NASA, NASA’s Life Sciences Services contractor Dynamac Corp., Bionetics Corp., and researchers from the University of Florida. Dynamac Corp. leases the facility. The Florida Space Research Institute is responsible for gaining additional tenants from outside the NASA community.

Ku-band system design study and TDRSS interface analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lindsey, W. C.; Mckenzie, T. M.; Choi, H. J.; Tsang, C. S.; An, S. H.

1983-01-01

The capabilities of the Shuttle/TDRSS link simulation program (LinCsim) were expanded to account for radio frequency interference (RFI) effects on the Shuttle S-band links, the channel models were updated to reflect the RFI related hardware changes, the ESTL hardware modeling of the TDRS communication payload was reviewed and evaluated, in LinCsim the Shuttle/TDRSS signal acquisition was modeled, LinCsim was upgraded, and possible Shuttle on-orbit navigation techniques was evaluated.

Lin4Neuro: a customized Linux distribution ready for neuroimaging analysis

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background A variety of neuroimaging software packages have been released from various laboratories worldwide, and many researchers use these packages in combination. Though most of these software packages are freely available, some people find them difficult to install and configure because they are mostly based on UNIX-like operating systems. We developed a live USB-bootable Linux package named "Lin4Neuro." This system includes popular neuroimaging analysis tools. The user interface is customized so that even Windows users can use it intuitively. Results The boot time of this system was only around 40 seconds. We performed a benchmark test of inhomogeneity correction on 10 subjects of three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI scans. The processing speed of USB-booted Lin4Neuro was as fast as that of the package installed on the hard disk drive. We also installed Lin4Neuro on a virtualization software package that emulates the Linux environment on a Windows-based operation system. Although the processing speed was slower than that under other conditions, it remained comparable. Conclusions With Lin4Neuro in one's hand, one can access neuroimaging software packages easily, and immediately focus on analyzing data. Lin4Neuro can be a good primer for beginners of neuroimaging analysis or students who are interested in neuroimaging analysis. It also provides a practical means of sharing analysis environments across sites. PMID:21266047

Lin4Neuro: a customized Linux distribution ready for neuroimaging analysis.

PubMed

Nemoto, Kiyotaka; Dan, Ippeita; Rorden, Christopher; Ohnishi, Takashi; Tsuzuki, Daisuke; Okamoto, Masako; Yamashita, Fumio; Asada, Takashi

2011-01-25

A variety of neuroimaging software packages have been released from various laboratories worldwide, and many researchers use these packages in combination. Though most of these software packages are freely available, some people find them difficult to install and configure because they are mostly based on UNIX-like operating systems. We developed a live USB-bootable Linux package named "Lin4Neuro." This system includes popular neuroimaging analysis tools. The user interface is customized so that even Windows users can use it intuitively. The boot time of this system was only around 40 seconds. We performed a benchmark test of inhomogeneity correction on 10 subjects of three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI scans. The processing speed of USB-booted Lin4Neuro was as fast as that of the package installed on the hard disk drive. We also installed Lin4Neuro on a virtualization software package that emulates the Linux environment on a Windows-based operation system. Although the processing speed was slower than that under other conditions, it remained comparable. With Lin4Neuro in one's hand, one can access neuroimaging software packages easily, and immediately focus on analyzing data. Lin4Neuro can be a good primer for beginners of neuroimaging analysis or students who are interested in neuroimaging analysis. It also provides a practical means of sharing analysis environments across sites.

Ability of circulating human hematopoietic lineage negative cells to support hematopoiesis.

PubMed

Peris, Pilar; Roforth, Matthew M; Nicks, Kristy M; Fraser, Daniel; Fujita, Koji; Jilka, Robert L; Khosla, Sundeep; McGregor, Ulrike

2015-01-01

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal is regulated by osteoblast and/or endothelial cells within the hematopoietic niche. However, the true identity of the supporting cells and the nature of the secreted factors remain uncertain. We developed a novel mouse model and analyzed whether circulating human peripheral hematopoietic lineage negative/AP+ (lin-/AP+) cells support hematopoiesis in vivo. Thus, immunocompromised (Rag) mice expressing thymidine kinase (Tk) under the control of the 3.6Col1α1 promoter (Tk-Rag) were treated with ganciclovir, resulting in osteoblast progenitor cell ablation and subsequent loss of hematopoiesis (evaluated by measuring mouse Ter119+ erythroid cells). Following hematopoietic cell depletion, human bone marrow-derived marrow stromal cells (MSCs) or lin-/AP+ cells were infused into Tk-Rag mice and compared with saline infusions. Ganciclovir significantly reduced (7.4-fold) Ter119+ cells in the bone marrow of Tk-Rag mice compared to saline injections. Infusion of either MSCs or lin-/AP+ cells into ganciclovir-treated mice resulted in a 3.3-fold and 2.7-fold increase (P < 0.01), respectively, in Ter119+ cells compared to mice receiving saline. Relative to lin-/AP- cells, lin-/AP+ cells expressed high levels of mesenchymal, endothelial, and hematopoiesis supporting genes. Thus, human peripheral blood lin-/AP+ cells represent a novel cell type capable of supporting hematopoiesis in a manner comparable to MSCs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Coordinated Regulation of Intestinal Functions in C. elegans by LIN-35/Rb and SLR-2

PubMed Central

Kirienko, Natalia V.; McEnerney, John D. K.; Fay, David S.

2008-01-01

LIN-35 is the sole C. elegans representative of the pocket protein family, which includes the mammalian Retinoblastoma protein pRb and its paralogs p107 and p130. In addition to having a well-established and central role in cell cycle regulation, pocket proteins have been increasingly implicated in the control of critical and diverse developmental and cellular processes. To gain a greater understanding of the roles of pocket proteins during development, we have characterized a synthetic genetic interaction between lin-35 and slr-2, which we show encodes a C2H2-type Zn-finger protein. Whereas animals harboring single mutations in lin-35 or slr-2 are viable and fertile, lin-35; slr-2 double mutants arrest uniformly in early larval development without obvious morphological defects. Using a combination of approaches including transcriptome profiling, mosaic analysis, starvation assays, and expression analysis, we demonstrate that both LIN-35 and SLR-2 act in the intestine to regulate the expression of many genes required for normal nutrient utilization. These findings represent a novel role for pRb family members in the maintenance of organ function. Our studies also shed light on the mechanistic basis of genetic redundancy among transcriptional regulators and suggest that synthetic interactions may result from the synergistic misregulation of one or more common targets. PMID:18437219

Genome packaging in EL and Lin68, two giant phiKZ-like bacteriophages of P. aeruginosa

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sokolova, O.S., E-mail: sokolova@mail.bio.msu.ru; A.V. Shoubnikov Institute of Crystallography RAS, Moscow; Shaburova, O.V.

A unique feature of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa giant phage phiKZ is its way of genome packaging onto a spool-like protein structure, the inner body. Until recently, no similar structures have been detected in other phages. We have studied DNA packaging in P. aeruginosa phages EL and Lin68 using cryo-electron microscopy and revealed the presence of inner bodies. The shape and positioning of the inner body and the density of the DNA packaging in EL are different from those found in phiKZ and Lin68. This internal organization explains how the shorter EL genome is packed into a large EL capsid, whichmore » has the same external dimensions as the capsids of phiKZ and Lin68. The similarity in the structural organization in EL and other phiKZ-like phages indicates that EL is phylogenetically related to other phiKZ-like phages, and, despite the lack of detectable DNA homology, EL, phiKZ, and Lin68 descend from a common ancestor. - Highlights: • We performed a comparative structural study of giant P. aeruginosa phages: EL, Lin68 and phiKZ. • We revealed that the inner body is a common feature in giant phages. • The phage genome size correlates with the overall dimensions of the inner body.« less

LinAir: A multi-element discrete vortex Weissinger aerodynamic prediction method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Durston, Donald A.

1993-01-01

LinAir is a vortex lattice aerodynamic prediction method similar to Weissinger's extended lifting-line theory, except that the circulation around a wing is represented by discrete horseshoe vortices, not a continuous distribution of vorticity. The program calculates subsonic longitudinal and lateral/directional aerodynamic forces and moments for arbitrary aircraft geometries. It was originally written by Dr. Ilan Kroo of Stanford University, and subsequently modified by the author to simplify modeling of complex configurations. The Polhamus leading-edge suction analogy was added by the author to extend the range of applicability of LinAir to low aspect ratio (i.e., fighter-type) configurations. A brief discussion of the theory of LinAir is presented, and details on how to run the program are given along with some comparisons with experimental data to validate the code. Example input and output files are given in the appendices to aid in understanding the program and its use. This version of LinAir runs in the VAX/VMS, Cray UNICOS, and Silicon Graphics Iris workstation environments at the time of this writing.

The gga-let-7 family post-transcriptionally regulates TGFBR1 and LIN28B during the differentiation process in early chick development.

PubMed

Lee, Sang In; Jeon, Mi-Hyang; Kim, Jeom Sun; Jeon, Ik-Soo; Byun, Sung June

2015-12-01

Early chick embryogenesis is governed by a complex mechanism involving transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, although how post-transcriptional processes influence the balance between pluripotency and differentiation during early chick development have not been previously investigated. Here, we characterized the microRNA (miRNA) signature associated with differentiation in the chick embryo, and found that as expression of the gga-let-7 family increases through early development, expression of their direct targets, TGFBR1 and LIN28B, decreases; indeed, gga-let-7a-5p and gga-let-7b miRNAs directly bind to TGFBR1 and LIN28B transcripts. Our data further indicate that TGFBR1 and LIN28B maintain pluripotency by regulating POUV, NANOG, and CRIPTO. Therefore, gga-let-7 miRNAs act as post-transcriptional regulators of differentiation in blastodermal cells by repressing the expression of the TGFBR1 and LIN28B, which intrinsically controls blastodermal cell differentiation in early chick development. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Genome packaging in EL and Lin68, two giant phiKZ-like bacteriophages of P. aeruginosa.

PubMed

Sokolova, O S; Shaburova, O V; Pechnikova, E V; Shaytan, A K; Krylov, S V; Kiselev, N A; Krylov, V N

2014-11-01

A unique feature of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa giant phage phiKZ is its way of genome packaging onto a spool-like protein structure, the inner body. Until recently, no similar structures have been detected in other phages. We have studied DNA packaging in P. aeruginosa phages EL and Lin68 using cryo-electron microscopy and revealed the presence of inner bodies. The shape and positioning of the inner body and the density of the DNA packaging in EL are different from those found in phiKZ and Lin68. This internal organization explains how the shorter EL genome is packed into a large EL capsid, which has the same external dimensions as the capsids of phiKZ and Lin68. The similarity in the structural organization in EL and other phiKZ-like phages indicates that EL is phylogenetically related to other phiKZ-like phages, and, despite the lack of detectable DNA homology, EL, phiKZ, and Lin68 descend from a common ancestor. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Life, Culture, and Education in a Border Region

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yunshan, Liu

2007-01-01

The border region described in this article is the area in which the three provinces of Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan converge and where Han Chinese, the Buyi minority, and the Miao minority are intermingled. This border region is not remote, because the Nan-Kun Railroad (a line connecting Nanning, Guangxi, with Kunming, Yunnan-Trans.) runs through…

Microstructure Development in Polymers.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-05-12

J. S. Lin, R. W. Hendricks, J. Petermann , and R. M. Gohil, J. Polymer Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 19, 609 (1981). 8. J. Petermann , J. M. Schultz, R. M...Gohil, R. W. Hendricks, and J. S. Lin, submitted to Polymer. 9. J. Rau, R. M. Gohil, J. Petermann , and J. M. Schultz, Colloid & Polymer Sci., 259, 241...1981). 10. J. Petermann , J. M. Schultz, R. W. Hendricks, and J. S. Lin, J. Mater. Sci., 16, 265 (1981). 11. K. M. Gupte, Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of

Characterization and Targeting of the Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Subpopulation in Ovarian Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-07-01

2006. † 21. Han LY, Landen CN, Trevino JG, Halder J, Lin YG, Kamat AA, Kim TJ, Merritt WM, Coleman RL, Gershenson DM, Shakespeare WC, Wang Y...Kamat AA, Lin YG, MerritWM, Shakespeare WC, Sawyer TK, Gallick G, Sood AK. Src as a novel therapeutic target in ovarian carcinoma. Proceedings of...Landen CN, Li Y, Kamat AA, Lin YG, Merritt WM, Pena-Armaiz G, Shakespeare WC, Sawyer TK, Coleman RL, Gallick GE, Sood AK. IL-8 and VEGF as biomarkers

Governor Bush makes first phone call to KSC using new area code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1999-01-01

At 8 a.m. in the videoconference room at Headquarters, Deputy Director for Business Operations Jim Jennings (center) makes the connection for a phone call from Florida Governor Jeb Bush and Center Director Roy Bridges in Tallahassee, Fla. The call is to inaugurate the change of KSC's area code from 407 to 321, effective today. Key representatives of KSC contractors, along with KSC directorates, fill the room where the phone call is being received. Seated next to Jennings are Robert Osband (left), Florida Space Institute, and Col. Stephan Duresky (right), vice commander, 45th Space Wing. Osband is the one who suggested the 3-2-1 sequence to reflect the importance of the space industry to Florida's space coast.

Governor Bush makes first phone call to KSC using new area code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1999-01-01

At 8 a.m. in the videoconference room at Headquarters, Deputy Director for Business Operations Jim Jennings (center) waits for a phone call from Florida Governor Jeb Bush and Center Director Roy Bridges in Tallahassee, Fla. The call is to inaugurate the change of KSC's area code from 407 to 321, effective today. Key representatives of KSC contractors, along with KSC directorates, fill the room where the phone call is being received. Seated next to Jennings are Robert Osband (left), Florida Space Institute, and Col. Stephan Duresky (right), vice commander, 45th Space Wing. Osband is the one who suggested the 3-2-1 sequence, to reflect the importance of the space industry to Florida's space coast.

KSC-04PD-2011

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. Almost hidden in the center amid the sea of students at Gainesville Elementary School, a NASA Explorer School in Gainesville, Ga., are Jim Jennings, deputy associate administrator for Institutions and Asset Management at NASA Headquarters; Dr. Woodrow Whitlow Jr., KSC deputy director; and astronaut Leland Melvin. Whitlow and Melvin accompanied Jennings on the visit to the school to share the new vision for space exploration with the next generation of explorers. Whitlow talked about our destiny as explorers, NASAs stepping stone approach to exploring Earth, the Moon, Mars and beyond, how space impacts our lives, and how people and machines rely on each other in space. Melvin talked about the importance of teamwork and what it takes for mission success.

Evolution of New cis-Regulatory Motifs Required for Cell-Specific Gene Expression in Caenorhabditis

PubMed Central

Félix, Marie-Anne

2016-01-01

Patterning of C. elegans vulval cell fates relies on inductive signaling. In this induction event, a single cell, the gonadal anchor cell, secretes LIN-3/EGF and induces three out of six competent precursor cells to acquire a vulval fate. We previously showed that this developmental system is robust to a four-fold variation in lin-3/EGF genetic dose. Here using single-molecule FISH, we find that the mean level of expression of lin-3 in the anchor cell is remarkably conserved. No change in lin-3 expression level could be detected among C. elegans wild isolates and only a low level of change—less than 30%—in the Caenorhabditis genus and in Oscheius tipulae. In C. elegans, lin-3 expression in the anchor cell is known to require three transcription factor binding sites, specifically two E-boxes and a nuclear-hormone-receptor (NHR) binding site. Mutation of any of these three elements in C. elegans results in a dramatic decrease in lin-3 expression. Yet only a single E-box is found in the Drosophilae supergroup of Caenorhabditis species, including C. angaria, while the NHR-binding site likely only evolved at the base of the Elegans group. We find that a transgene from C. angaria bearing a single E-box is sufficient for normal expression in C. elegans. Even a short 58 bp cis-regulatory fragment from C. angaria with this single E-box is able to replace the three transcription factor binding sites at the endogenous C. elegans lin-3 locus, resulting in the wild-type expression level. Thus, regulatory evolution occurring in cis within a 58 bp lin-3 fragment, results in a strict requirement for the NHR binding site and a second E-box in C. elegans. This single-cell, single-molecule, quantitative and functional evo-devo study demonstrates that conserved expression levels can hide extensive change in cis-regulatory site requirements and highlights the evolution of new cis-regulatory elements required for cell-specific gene expression. PMID:27588814

H19/let-7/LIN28 reciprocal negative regulatory circuit promotes breast cancer stem cell maintenance

PubMed Central

Peng, Fei; Li, Ting-Ting; Wang, Kai-Li; Xiao, Guo-Qing; Wang, Ju-Hong; Zhao, Hai-Dong; Kang, Zhi-Jie; Fan, Wen-Jun; Zhu, Li-Li; Li, Mei; Cui, Bai; Zheng, Fei-Meng; Wang, Hong-Jiang; Lam, Eric W-F; Wang, Bo; Xu, Jie; Liu, Quentin

2017-01-01

Long noncoding RNA-H19 (H19), an imprinted oncofetal gene, has a central role in carcinogenesis. Hitherto, the mechanism by which H19 regulates cancer stem cells, remains elusive. Here we show that breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) express high levels of H19, and ectopic overexpression of H19 significantly promotes breast cancer cell clonogenicity, migration and mammosphere-forming ability. Conversely, silencing of H19 represses these BCSC properties. In concordance, knockdown of H19 markedly inhibits tumor growth and suppresses tumorigenesis in nude mice. Mechanistically, we found that H19 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge miRNA let-7, leading to an increase in expression of a let-7 target, the core pluripotency factor LIN28, which is enriched in BCSC populations and breast patient samples. Intriguingly, this gain of LIN28 expression can also feedback to reverse the H19 loss-mediated suppression of BCSC properties. Our data also reveal that LIN28 blocks mature let-7 production and, thereby, de-represses H19 expression in breast cancer cells. Appropriately, H19 and LIN28 expression exhibits strong correlations in primary breast carcinomas. Collectively, these findings reveal that lncRNA H19, miRNA let-7 and transcriptional factor LIN28 form a double-negative feedback loop, which has a critical role in the maintenance of BCSCs. Consequently, disrupting this pathway provides a novel therapeutic strategy for breast cancer. PMID:28102845

Classifying chemical mode of action using gene networks and machine learning: a case study with the herbicide linuron.

PubMed

Ornostay, Anna; Cowie, Andrew M; Hindle, Matthew; Baker, Christopher J O; Martyniuk, Christopher J

2013-12-01

The herbicide linuron (LIN) is an endocrine disruptor with an anti-androgenic mode of action. The objectives of this study were to (1) improve knowledge of androgen and anti-androgen signaling in the teleostean ovary and to (2) assess the ability of gene networks and machine learning to classify LIN as an anti-androgen using transcriptomic data. Ovarian explants from vitellogenic fathead minnows (FHMs) were exposed to three concentrations of either 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), flutamide (FLUT), or LIN for 12h. Ovaries exposed to DHT showed a significant increase in 17β-estradiol (E2) production while FLUT and LIN had no effect on E2. To improve understanding of androgen receptor signaling in the ovary, a reciprocal gene expression network was constructed for DHT and FLUT using pathway analysis and these data suggested that steroid metabolism, translation, and DNA replication are processes regulated through AR signaling in the ovary. Sub-network enrichment analysis revealed that FLUT and LIN shared more regulated gene networks in common compared to DHT. Using transcriptomic datasets from different fish species, machine learning algorithms classified LIN successfully with other anti-androgens. This study advances knowledge regarding molecular signaling cascades in the ovary that are responsive to androgens and anti-androgens and provides proof of concept that gene network analysis and machine learning can classify priority chemicals using experimental transcriptomic data collected from different fish species. © 2013.

Mobilization of Peripheral Blood Stem Cells and Changes in the Concentration of Plasma Factors Influencing their Movement in Patients with Panic Disorder.

PubMed

Jabłoński, Marcin; Mazur, Jolanta Kucharska; Tarnowski, Maciej; Dołęgowska, Barbara; Pędziwiatr, Daniel; Kubiś, Ewa; Budkowska, Marta; Sałata, Daria; Wysiecka, Justyna Pełka; Kazimierczak, Arkadiusz; Reginia, Artur; Ratajczak, Mariusz Z; Samochowiec, Jerzy

2017-04-01

In this paper we examined whether stem cells and factors responsible for their movement may serve as new biological markers of anxiety disorders. The study was carried out on a group of 30 patients diagnosed with panic disorder (examined before and after treatment), compared to 30 healthy individuals forming the control group. We examined the number of circulating HSCs (hematopoetic stem cells) (Lin-/CD45 +/CD34 +) and HSCs (Lin-/CD45 +/AC133 +), the number of circulating VSELs (very small embryonic-like stem cells) (Lin-/CD45-/CD34 +) and VSELs (Lin-/CD45-/AC133 +), as well as the concentration of complement components: C3a, C5a and C5b-9, SDF-1 (stromal derived factor) and S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate). Significantly lower levels of HSCs (Lin-/CD45 +/AC133 +) have been demonstrated in the patient group compared to the control group both before and after treatment. The level of VSELs (Lin-/CD45-/CD133 +) was significantly lower in the patient group before treatment as compared to the patient group after treatment.The levels of factors responsible for stem cell movement were significantly lower in the patient group compared to the control group before and after treatment. It was concluded that the study of stem cells and factors associated with their movement can be useful in the diagnostics of panic disorder, as well as differentiating between psychotic and anxiety disorders.

Comparison of the Gene Expression Profiles of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells between Humans and a Humanized Xenograft Model.

PubMed

Matsuzawa, Hideyuki; Matsushita, Hiromichi; Yahata, Takashi; Tanaka, Masayuki; Ando, Kiyoshi

2017-04-20

The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of NOD/Shi-scid-IL2Rγ null (NOG) mice transplanted with human CD34 + /CD38 - /Lin -/low hematopoietic cells from cord blood (CB) as an experimental model of the gene expression in human hematopoiesis. We compared the gene expressions of human CD34 + /CD38 - /Lin -/low cells from human bone marrow (BM) and in xenograft models. The microarray data revealed that 25 KEGG pathways were extracted from the comparison of human CD34 + /CD38 - /Lin -/low HSCs between CB and BM, and that 17 of them--which were mostly related to cellular survival, RNA metabolism and lymphoid development--were shared with the xenograft model. When the probes that were commonly altered in CD34 + /CD38 - /Lin -/low cells from both human and xenograft BM were analyzed, most of them, including the genes related hypoxia, hematopoietic differentiation, epigenetic modification, translation initiation, and RNA degradation, were downregulated. These alterations of gene expression suggest a reduced differentiation capacity and likely include key alterations of gene expression for settlement of CB CD34 + /CD38 - /Lin -/low cells in BM. Our findings demonstrate that the xenograft model of human CB CD34 + /CD38 - /Lin -/low cells using NOG mice was useful, at least in part, for the evaluation of the gene expression profile of human hematopoietic stem cells.

Cognitive Style and Mobile E-Learning in Emergent Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Disorders for Millennial Undergraduate Medical Students: Randomized Controlled Trial.

PubMed

Lee, Li-Ang; Chao, Yi-Ping; Huang, Chung-Guei; Fang, Ji-Tseng; Wang, Shu-Ling; Chuang, Cheng-Keng; Kang, Chung-Jan; Hsin, Li-Jen; Lin, Wan-Ni; Fang, Tuan-Jen; Li, Hsueh-Yu

2018-02-13

Electronic learning (e-learning) through mobile technology represents a novel way to teach emergent otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery (ORL-HNS) disorders to undergraduate medical students. Whether a cognitive style of education combined with learning modules can impact learning outcomes and satisfaction in millennial medical students is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of cognitive styles and learning modules using mobile e-learning on knowledge gain, competence gain, and satisfaction for emergent ORL-HNS disorders. This randomized controlled trial included 60 undergraduate medical students who were novices in ORL-HNS at an academic teaching hospital. The cognitive style of the participants was assessed using the group embedded figures test. The students were randomly assigned (1:1) to a novel interactive multimedia (IM) group and conventional Microsoft PowerPoint show (PPS) group matched by age, sex, and cognitive style. The content for the gamified IM module was derived from and corresponded to the textbook-based learning material of the PPS module (video lectures). The participants were unblinded and used fully automated courseware containing the IM or PPS module on a 7-inch tablet for 100 min. Knowledge and competence were assessed using multiple-choice questions and multimedia situation tests, respectively. Each participant also rated their global satisfaction. All of the participants (median age 23 years, range 22-26 years; 36 males and 24 females) received the intended intervention after randomization. Overall, the participants had significant gains in knowledge (median 50%, interquartile range [IQR]=17%-80%, P<.001) and competence (median 13%, IQR=0%-33%, P=.006). There were no significant differences in knowledge gain (40%, IQR=13%-76% vs 60%, IQR=20%-100%, P=.42) and competence gain (0%, IQR= -21% to 38% vs 25%, IQR=0%-33%, P=.16) between the IM and PPS groups. However, the IM group had a higher satisfaction score (8, IQR=6-9 vs 6, IQR=4-7, P=.01) compared with the PPS group. Using Friedman's two-way nonparametric analysis of variance, cognitive styles (field-independent, field-intermediate, or field-dependent classification) and learning modules (IM or PPS) had significant effects on both knowledge gain (both adjusted P<.001) and satisfaction (both adjusted P<.001). Mobile e-learning is an effective modality to improve knowledge of emergent ORL-HNS in millennial undergraduate medical students. Our findings suggest the necessity of developing various modules for undergraduate medical students with different cognitive styles. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02971735; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02971735 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6waoOpCEV). ©Li-Ang Lee, Yi-Ping Chao, Chung-Guei Huang, Ji-Tseng Fang, Shu-Ling Wang, Cheng-Keng Chuang, Chung-Jan Kang, Li-Jen Hsin, Wan-Ni Lin, Tuan-Jen Fang, Hsueh-Yu Li. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 13.02.2018.

Computer-aided Human Centric Cyber Situation Awareness

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-20

in Video, IJCAI: International Joint Conf. on Artificial Intelligence . 16-JUL-11, . : , Kun Sun, Sushil Jajodia, Jason Li, Yi Cheng, Wei Tang...Cyber-Security Conference, June 2015. 2. V.S. Subrahmanian, Invited Speaker, Summer School on Business Intelligence and Big Data Analysis, Capri, Italy... Cybersecurity Conference, Yuval Ne’eman Workshop for Science, Technology and Security, Tel Aviv University, the Israeli National Cyber Bureau, Prime

Vocabulary Assessment with Varying Levels of Context: A Replication Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shepherd, Brenna

2014-01-01

This replication study investigates how the level of context in vocabulary assessment affects the scores on tests of American idioms. Using Uçkun's methodology of 3 tests with 3 levels of context, 85 participants varying in level from high-beginner to advanced took an online test consisting of 30 questions, 10 questions for each level of context.…

Trim25 Is an RNA-Specific Activator of Lin28a/TuT4-Mediated Uridylation.

PubMed

Choudhury, Nila Roy; Nowak, Jakub S; Zuo, Juan; Rappsilber, Juri; Spoel, Steven H; Michlewski, Gracjan

2014-11-20

RNA binding proteins have thousands of cellular RNA targets and often exhibit opposite or passive molecular functions. Lin28a is a conserved RNA binding protein involved in pluripotency and tumorigenesis that was previously shown to trigger TuT4-mediated pre-let-7 uridylation, inhibiting its processing and targeting it for degradation. Surprisingly, despite binding to other pre-microRNAs (pre-miRNAs), only pre-let-7 is efficiently uridylated by TuT4. Thus, we hypothesized the existence of substrate-specific cofactors that stimulate Lin28a-mediated pre-let-7 uridylation or restrict its functionality on non-let-7 pre-miRNAs. Through RNA pull-downs coupled with quantitative mass spectrometry, we identified the E3 ligase Trim25 as an RNA-specific cofactor for Lin28a/TuT4-mediated uridylation. We show that Trim25 binds to the conserved terminal loop (CTL) of pre-let-7 and activates TuT4, allowing for more efficient Lin28a-mediated uridylation. These findings reveal that protein-modifying enzymes, only recently shown to bind RNA, can guide the function of canonical ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes in cis, thereby providing an additional level of specificity.

Carboxy-terminal truncation activates glp-1 protein to specify vulval fates in Caenorhabditis elegans.

PubMed

Mango, S E; Maine, E M; Kimble, J

1991-08-29

The glp-1 and lin-12 genes encode homologous transmembrane proteins that may act as receptors for cell interactions during development. The glp-1 product is required for induction of germ-line proliferation and for embryogenesis. By contrast, lin-12 mediates somatic cell interactions, including those between the precursor cells that form the vulval hypodermis (VPCs). Here we analyse an unusual allele of glp-1, glp-1(q35), which displays a semidominant multivulva phenotype (Muv), as well as the typical recessive, loss-of-function Glp phenotypes (sterility and embryonic lethality). We find that the effects of glp-1(q35) on VPC development mimic those of dominant lin-12 mutations, even in the absence of lin-12 activity. The glp-1(q35) gene bears a nonsense mutation predicted to eliminate the 122 C-terminal amino acids, including a ProGluSerThr (PEST) sequence thought to destabilize proteins. We suggest that the carboxy terminus bears a negative regulatory domain which normally inactivates glp-1 in the VPCs. We propose that inappropriate glp-1(q35) activity can substitute for lin-12 to determine vulval fate, perhaps by driving the VPCs to proliferate.

LIN28 expression in malignant germ cell tumors down-regulates let-7 and increases oncogene levels

PubMed Central

Murray, Matthew J.; Saini, Harpreet K.; Siegler, Charlotte A.; Hanning, Jennifer E.; Barker, Emily M.; van Dongen, Stijn; Ward, Dawn M.; Raby, Katie L.; Groves, Ian J.; Scarpini, Cinzia G.; Pett, Mark R.; Thornton, Claire M.; Enright, Anton J.; Nicholson, James C.; Coleman, Nicholas

2013-01-01

Despite their clinico-pathologic heterogeneity, malignant germ-cell-tumors (GCTs) share molecular abnormalities that are likely to be functionally important. In this study, we investigated the potential significance of down-regulation of the let-7 family of tumor-suppressor microRNAs in malignant-GCTs. Microarray results from pediatric and adult samples (n=45) showed that LIN28, the negative-regulator of let-7 biogenesis, was abundant in malignant-GCTs, regardless of patient age, tumor site or histologic subtype. Indeed, a strong negative-correlation existed between LIN28 and let-7 levels in specimens with matched datasets. Low let-7 levels were biologically significant, since the sequence complementary to the 2-7nt common let-7 seed ‘GAGGUA’ was enriched in the 3′untranslated regions of mRNAs up-regulated in pediatric and adult malignant-GCTs, compared with normal gonads (a mixture of germ cells and somatic cells). We identified 27 mRNA targets of let-7 that were up-regulated in malignant-GCT cells, confirming significant negative-correlations with let-7 levels. Among 16 mRNAs examined in a largely independent set of specimens by qRT-PCR, we defined negative-associations with let-7e levels for six oncogenes, including MYCN, AURKB, CCNF, RRM2, MKI67 and C12orf5 (when including normal control tissues). Importantly, LIN28 depletion in malignant-GCT cells restored let-7 levels and repressed all of these oncogenic let-7 mRNA targets, with LIN28 levels correlating with cell proliferation and MYCN levels. Conversely, ectopic expression of let-7e was sufficient to reduce proliferation and down-regulate MYCN, AURKB and LIN28, the latter via a double-negative feedback loop. We concluded that the LIN28/let-7 pathway has a critical pathobiological role in malignant-GCTs and therefore offers a promising target for therapeutic intervention. PMID:23774216

Contributions of mRNA abundance, ribosome loading, and post- or peri-translational effects to temporal repression of C. elegans heterochronic miRNA targets

PubMed Central

Stadler, Michael; Artiles, Karen; Pak, Julia; Fire, Andrew

2012-01-01

miRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators of gene activity that reduce protein accumulation from target mRNAs. Elucidating precise molecular effects that animal miRNAs have on target transcripts has proven complex, with varied evidence indicating that miRNA regulation may produce different molecular outcomes in different species, systems, and/or physiological conditions. Here we use high-throughput ribosome profiling to analyze detailed translational parameters for five well-studied targets of miRNAs that regulate C. elegans developmental timing. For two targets of the miRNA lin-4 (lin-14 and lin-28), functional down-regulation was associated with decreases in both overall mRNA abundance and ribosome loading; however, these changes were of substantially smaller magnitude than corresponding changes observed in protein abundance. For three functional targets of the let-7 miRNA family for which down-regulation is critical in temporal progression of the animal (daf-12, hbl-1, and lin-41), we observed only modest changes in mRNA abundance and ribosome loading. lin-41 provides a striking example in that populations of ribosome-protected fragments from this gene remained essentially unchanged during the L3–L4 time interval when lin-41 activity is substantially down-regulated by let-7. Spectra of ribosomal positions were also examined for the five lin-4 and let-7 target mRNAs as a function of developmental time, with no indication of miRNA-induced ribosomal drop-off or significant pauses in translation. These data are consistent with models in which physiological regulation by this set of C. elegans miRNAs derives from combinatorial effects including suppressed recruitment/activation of translational machinery, compromised stability of target messages, and post- or peri-translational effects on lifetimes of polypeptide products. PMID:22855835

The Lin28/Let-7 System in Early Human Embryonic Tissue and Ectopic Pregnancy

PubMed Central

Steffani, Liliana; Martínez, Sebastián; Monterde, Mercedes; Ferri, Blanca; Núñez, Maria Jose; AinhoaRomero-Espinós; Zamora, Omar; Gurrea, Marta; Sangiao-Alvarellos, Susana; Vega, Olivia; Simón, Carlos; Pellicer, Antonio; Tena-Sempere, Manuel

2014-01-01

Our objective was to determine the expression of the elements of the Lin28/Let-7 system, and related microRNAs (miRNAs), in early stages of human placentation and ectopic pregnancy, as a means to assess the potential role of this molecular hub in the pathogenesis of ectopic gestation. Seventeen patients suffering from tubal ectopic pregnancy (cases) and forty-three women with normal on-going gestation that desired voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTOP; controls) were recruited for the study. Embryonic tissues were subjected to RNA extraction and quantitative PCR analyses for LIN28B, Let-7a, miR-132, miR-145 and mir-323-3p were performed. Our results demonstrate that the expression of LIN28B mRNA was barely detectable in embryonic tissue from early stages of gestation and sharply increased thereafter to plateau between gestational weeks 7–9. In contrast, expression levels of Let-7, mir-132 and mir-145 were high in embryonic tissue from early gestations (≤6-weeks) and abruptly declined thereafter, especially for Let-7. Opposite trends were detected for mir-323-3p. Embryonic expression of LIN28B mRNA was higher in early stages (≤6-weeks) of ectopic pregnancy than in normal gestation. In contrast, Let-7a expression was significantly lower in early ectopic pregnancies, while miR-132 and miR-145 levels were not altered. Expression of mir-323-3p was also suppressed in ectopic embryonic tissue. We are the first to document reciprocal changes in the expression profiles of the gene encoding the RNA-binding protein, LIN28B, and the related miRNAs, Let-7a, mir-132 and mir-145, in early stages of human placentation. This finding suggests the potential involvement of LIN28B/Let-7 (de)regulated pathways in the pathophysiology of ectopic pregnancy in humans. PMID:24498170

RNA-Seq in the discovery of a sparsely expressed scent-determining monoterpene synthase in lavender (Lavandula).

PubMed

Adal, Ayelign M; Sarker, Lukman S; Malli, Radesh P N; Liang, Ping; Mahmoud, Soheil S

2018-06-09

Using RNA-Seq, we cloned and characterized a unique monoterpene synthase responsible for the formation of a scent-determining S-linalool constituent of lavender oils from Lavandula × intermedia. Several species of Lavandula produce essential oils (EOs) consisting mainly of monoterpenes including linalool, one of the most abundant and scent-determining oil constituents. Although R-linalool dominates the EOs of lavenders, varying amounts (depending on the species) of the S-linalool enantiomer can also be found in these plants. Despite its relatively low abundance, S-linalool contributes a sweet, pleasant scent and is an important constituent of lavender EOs. While several terpene synthase genes including R-linalool synthase have been cloned from lavenders many important terpene synthases including S-linalool synthase have not been described from these plants. In this study, we employed RNA-Seq and other complementary sequencing data to clone and functionally characterize the sparsely expressed S-linalool synthase cDNA (LiS-LINS) from Lavandula × intermedia. Recombinant LiS-LINS catalyzed the conversion of the universal monoterpene precursor geranyl diphosphate to S-linalool as the sole product. Intriguingly, LiS-LINS exhibited very low (~ 30%) sequence similarity to other Lavandula terpene synthases, including R-linalool synthase. However, the predicted 3D structure of this protein, including the composition and arrangement of amino acids at the active site, is highly homologous to known terpene synthase proteins. LiS-LINS transcripts were detected in flowers, but were much less abundant than those corresponding to LiR-LINS, paralleling enantiomeric composition of linalool in L. × intermedia oils. These data indicate that production of S-linalool is at least partially controlled at the level of transcription from LiS-LINS. The cloned LiS-LINS cDNA may be used to enhance oil composition in lavenders and other plants through metabolic engineering.

Lin28a is a putative factor in regulating cancer stem cell-like properties in side population cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hayashi, S.; Tanaka, J.; Okada, S.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are among the target cells of cancer therapy because they are uniquely involved in both cancer progression and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. We identified side population (SP) cells, which are known to be an enriched population of CSC, in five oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells (SCC9, SCC25, TOSCC7, TOSCC17, and TOSCC23). The percentages of SP cells ranged from 0% to 3.3%, with TOSCC23 cells showing the highest percentages of SP cells (3.3% of the total cell population). The SP cells isolated from TOSCC23 cells also showed greater cell proliferation and invasion compared to non-SP (MP)more » cells. Therefore, our initial findings suggested that SP cells were enriched for CSC-like cells. Furthermore, DNA microarray analysis revealed that the expression of cell proliferation-related and anti-apoptotic genes was greater in SP cells compared to MP cells. We focused on Lin28a, which showed the highest expression (approximately 22-fold) among the upregulated genes. The overexpression of Lin28a in TOSCC23 cells increased their proliferation, colony formation, and invasion. These findings suggest that Lin28a is an appropriate CSC target molecule for OSCC treatment - Highlights: ► Lin28a is a SP cell-specific factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. ► SP cells in OSCC cells show cancer stem cell-like properties. ► Lin28a regulates OSCC proliferative and invasive activities.« less

A mutation in a coproporphyrinogen III oxidase gene confers growth inhibition, enhanced powdery mildew resistance and powdery mildew-induced cell death in Arabidopsis.

PubMed

Guo, Chuan-yu; Wu, Guang-heng; Xing, Jin; Li, Wen-qi; Tang, Ding-zhong; Cui, Bai-ming

2013-05-01

A gene encoding a coproporphyrinogen III oxidase mediates disease resistance in plants by the salicylic acid pathway. A number of genes that regulate powdery mildew resistance have been identified in Arabidopsis, such as ENHANCED DISEASE RESISTANCE 1 to 3 (EDR1 to 3). To further study the molecular interactions between the powdery mildew pathogen and Arabidopsis, we isolated and characterized a mutant that exhibited enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. The mutant also showed dramatic powdery mildew-induced cell death as well as growth defects and early senescence in the absence of pathogens. We identified the affected gene by map-based cloning and found that the gene encodes a coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, a key enzyme in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, previously known as LESION INITIATION 2 (LIN2). Therefore, we designated the mutant lin2-2. Further studies revealed that the lin2-2 mutant also displayed enhanced resistance to Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (H.a.) Noco2. Genetic analysis showed that the lin2-2-mediated disease resistance and spontaneous cell death were dependent on PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4 (PAD4), SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION-DEFICIENT 2 (SID2), and NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1), which are all involved in salicylic acid signaling. Furthermore, the relative expression levels of defense-related genes were induced after powdery mildew infection in the lin2-2 mutant. These data indicated that LIN2 plays an important role in cell death control and defense responses in plants.

acn-1, a C. elegans homologue of ACE, genetically interacts with the let-7 microRNA and other heterochronic genes.

PubMed

Metheetrairut, Chanatip; Ahuja, Yuri; Slack, Frank J

2017-10-02

The heterochronic pathway in C. elegans controls the relative timing of cell fate decisions during post-embryonic development. It includes a network of microRNAs (miRNAs), such as let-7, and protein-coding genes, such as the stemness factors, LIN-28 and LIN-41. Here we identified the acn-1 gene, a homologue of mammalian angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), as a new suppressor of the stem cell developmental defects of let-7 mutants. Since acn-1 null mutants die during early larval development, we used RNAi to characterize the role of acn-1 in C. elegans seam cell development, and determined its interaction with heterochronic factors, including let-7 and its downstream interactors - lin-41, hbl-1, and apl-1. We demonstrate that although RNAi knockdown of acn-1 is insufficient to cause heterochronic defects on its own, loss of acn-1 suppresses the retarded phenotypes of let-7 mutants and enhances the precocious phenotypes of hbl-1, though not lin-41, mutants. Conversely, the pattern of acn-1 expression, which oscillates during larval development, is disrupted by lin-41 mutants but not by hbl-1 mutants. Finally, we show that acn-1(RNAi) enhances the let-7-suppressing phenotypes caused by loss of apl-1, a homologue of the Alzheimer's disease-causing amyloid precursor protein (APP), while significantly disrupting the expression of apl-1 during the L4 larval stage. In conclusion, acn-1 interacts with heterochronic genes and appears to function downstream of let-7 and its target genes, including lin-41 and apl-1.

H3K9me2/3 Binding of the MBT Domain Protein LIN-61 Is Essential for Caenorhabditis elegans Vulva Development

PubMed Central

Koester-Eiserfunke, Nora; Fischle, Wolfgang

2011-01-01

MBT domain proteins are involved in developmental processes and tumorigenesis. In vitro binding and mutagenesis studies have shown that individual MBT domains within clustered MBT repeat regions bind mono- and dimethylated histone lysine residues with little to no sequence specificity but discriminate against the tri- and unmethylated states. However, the exact function of promiscuous histone methyl-lysine binding in the biology of MBT domain proteins has not been elucidated. Here, we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans four MBT domain protein LIN-61, in contrast to other MBT repeat factors, specifically interacts with histone H3 when methylated on lysine 9, displaying a strong preference for di- and trimethylated states (H3K9me2/3). Although the fourth MBT repeat is implicated in this interaction, H3K9me2/3 binding minimally requires MBT repeats two to four. Further, mutagenesis of residues conserved with other methyl-lysine binding MBT regions in the fourth MBT repeat does not abolish interaction, implicating a distinct binding mode. In vivo, H3K9me2/3 interaction of LIN-61 is required for C. elegans vulva development within the synMuvB pathway. Mutant LIN-61 proteins deficient in H3K9me2/3 binding fail to rescue lin-61 synMuvB function. Also, previously identified point mutant synMuvB alleles are deficient in H3K9me2/3 interaction although these target residues that are outside of the fourth MBT repeat. Interestingly, lin-61 genetically interacts with two other synMuvB genes, hpl-2, an HP1 homologous H3K9me2/3 binding factor, and met-2, a SETDB1 homologous H3K9 methyl transferase (H3K9MT), in determining C. elegans vulva development and fertility. Besides identifying the first sequence specific and di-/trimethylation binding MBT domain protein, our studies imply complex multi-domain regulation of ligand interaction of MBT domains. Our results also introduce a mechanistic link between LIN-61 function and biology, and they establish interplay of the H3K9me2/3 binding proteins, LIN-61 and HPL-2, as well as the H3K9MT MET-2 in distinct developmental pathways. PMID:21437264

Wheelchairs

MedlinePlus

... Others have disabilities due to muscular dystrophy or cerebral palsy . In some cases, kids have wheelchairs but don' ... Therapist In the Band: Jens' Story Spina Bifida Cerebral Palsy View more About Us Contact Us Partners Editorial ...

Proceedings of the Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (30th, Prague, Czech Republic, July 16-21, 2006). Volume 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Novotna, Jarmila, Ed.; Moraova, Hana, Ed.; Kratka, Magdalena, Ed.; Stehlikova, Nad'a, Ed.

2006-01-01

This document contains the fourth volume of the proceedings of the 30th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. Conference presentations are centered around the theme "Mathematics at the Centre." This volume features 59 research reports by presenters with last names beginning between Kun and…

Linear Discriminant Analysis on a Spreadsheet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Busbey, Arthur Bresnahan III

1989-01-01

Described is a software package, "Trapeze," within which a routine called LinDis can be used. Discussed are teaching methods, the linear discriminant model and equations, the LinDis worksheet, and an example. The set up for this routine is included. (CW)

[Professor LIN Guohua's experience of gold implantation at acupoint for rheumatoid arthritis].

PubMed

Li, Jingjing; Pei, Wenya

2015-12-01

Based on the pathogenesis and symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), professor LIN Guohua's unique opinion and method for RA in clinical treatment are summarized and analyzed. In the opinion of Professor Lin, RA is considered as "Jinbi" and "Gubi" in TCM, which is caused by deficient root with superficial excess. Based on the symptoms of RA, attention should be focused on lung-kidney diagnosis and treatment, and gold and catgut implantation at acupoint can be mutually combined, which is aimed to provide a special and effective method for clinical treatment of RA.

Trim25 Is an RNA-Specific Activator of Lin28a/TuT4-Mediated Uridylation

PubMed Central

Choudhury, Nila Roy; Nowak, Jakub S.; Zuo, Juan; Rappsilber, Juri; Spoel, Steven H.; Michlewski, Gracjan

2014-01-01

Summary RNA binding proteins have thousands of cellular RNA targets and often exhibit opposite or passive molecular functions. Lin28a is a conserved RNA binding protein involved in pluripotency and tumorigenesis that was previously shown to trigger TuT4-mediated pre-let-7 uridylation, inhibiting its processing and targeting it for degradation. Surprisingly, despite binding to other pre-microRNAs (pre-miRNAs), only pre-let-7 is efficiently uridylated by TuT4. Thus, we hypothesized the existence of substrate-specific cofactors that stimulate Lin28a-mediated pre-let-7 uridylation or restrict its functionality on non-let-7 pre-miRNAs. Through RNA pull-downs coupled with quantitative mass spectrometry, we identified the E3 ligase Trim25 as an RNA-specific cofactor for Lin28a/TuT4-mediated uridylation. We show that Trim25 binds to the conserved terminal loop (CTL) of pre-let-7 and activates TuT4, allowing for more efficient Lin28a-mediated uridylation. These findings reveal that protein-modifying enzymes, only recently shown to bind RNA, can guide the function of canonical ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes in cis, thereby providing an additional level of specificity. PMID:25457611

7 CFR 301.50-3 - Quarantined areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

.... Jennings County. The entire county. Johnson County. The entire county. Kosciusko County. The entire county.... Pennsylvania The entire State. Rhode Island The entire State Vermont The entire State. Virginia Clarke County...

7 CFR 301.50-3 - Quarantined areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

.... Jennings County. The entire county. Johnson County. The entire county. Kosciusko County. The entire county.... Pennsylvania The entire State. Rhode Island The entire State Vermont The entire State. Virginia Clarke County...

7 CFR 301.50-3 - Quarantined areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

.... Jennings County. The entire county. Johnson County. The entire county. Kosciusko County. The entire county.... Pennsylvania The entire State. Rhode Island The entire State Vermont The entire State. Virginia Clarke County...

7 CFR 301.50-3 - Quarantined areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.... Jennings County. The entire county. Johnson County. The entire county. Kosciusko County. The entire county.... Pennsylvania The entire State. Rhode Island The entire State Vermont The entire State. Virginia Clarke County...

7 CFR 301.50-3 - Quarantined areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

.... Jennings County. The entire county. Johnson County. The entire county. Kosciusko County. The entire county.... Pennsylvania The entire State. Rhode Island The entire State Vermont The entire State. Virginia Clarke County...

Moisture Monitoring at Area G, Technical Area 54, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 2016 Status Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Levitt, Daniel Glenn; Birdsell, Kay Hanson; Jennings, Terry L.

Hydrological characterization and moisture monitoring activities provide data required for evaluating the transport of subsurface contaminants in the unsaturated and saturated zones beneath Area G, and for the Area G Performance Assessment and Composite Analysis. These activities have been ongoing at Area G, Technical Area 54 of the Los Alamos National Laboratory since waste disposal operations began in 1957. This report summarizes the hydrological characterization and moisture monitoring activities conducted at Area G. It includes moisture monitoring data collected from 1986 through 2016 from numerous boreholes and access tubes with neutron moisture meters, as well as data collected by automatedmore » dataloggers for water content measurement sensors installed in a waste disposal pit cover, and buried beneath the floor of a waste disposal pit. This report is an update of a nearly identical report by Levitt et al., (2015) that summarized data collected through early 2015; this report includes additional moisture monitoring data collected at Pit 31 and the Pit 38 extension through December, 2016. It also includes information from the Jennings and French (2009) moisture monitoring report and includes all data from Jennings and French (2009) and the Draft 2010 Addendum moisture monitoring report (Jennings and French, 2010). For the 2015 version of this report, all neutron logging data, including neutron probe calibrations, were investigated for quality and pedigree. Some data were recalculated using more defensible calibration data. Therefore, some water content profiles are different from those in the Jennings and French (2009) report. All of that information is repeated in this report for completeness. Monitoring and characterization data generally indicate that some areas of the Area G vadose zone are consistent with undisturbed conditions, with water contents of less than five percent by volume in the top two layers of the Bandelier tuff at Area G. These data also indicate that other areas of the vadose zone are affected by waste disposal activities that have been ongoing at Area G since 1957, a period of nearly 60 years. In some areas, water content profiles indicate increases in water content to depths of tens of meters, especially in areas covered by asphalt and structures.« less

Patient safety initiatives from around the world.

PubMed

Tingle, John

2017-05-25

John Tingle, Reader in Health Law at Nottingham Trent University, and Jen Minford, Junior Doctor Co-ordinator, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, discuss initiatives presented at a global summit on patient safety.

Vertical spatial sensitivity and exploration depth of low-induction-number electromagnetic-induction instruments

USGS Publications Warehouse

Callegary, J.B.; Ferré, T.P.A.; Groom, R.W.

2007-01-01

Vertical spatial sensitivity and effective depth of exploration (d e) of low-induction-number (LIN) instruments over a layered soil were evaluated using a complete numerical solution to Maxwell's equations. Previous studies using approximate mathematical solutions predicted a vertical spatial sensitivity for instruments operating under LIN conditions that, for a given transmitter-receiver coil separation (s), coil orientation, and transmitter frequency, should depend solely on depth below the land surface. When not operating under LIN conditions, vertical spatial sensitivity and de also depend on apparent soil electrical conductivity (??a) and therefore the induction number (??). In this new evaluation, we determined the range of ??a and ?? values for which the LIN conditions hold and how de changes when they do not. Two-layer soil models were simulated with both horizontal (HCP) and vertical (VCP) coplanar coil orientations. Soil layers were given electrical conductivity values ranging from 0.1 to 200 mS m-1. As expected, de decreased as ??a increased. Only the least electrically conductive soil produced the de expected when operating under LIN conditions. For the VCP orientation, this was 1.6s, decreasing to 0.8s in the most electrically conductive soil. For the HCP orientation, de decreased from 0.76s to 0.51s. Differences between this and previous studies are attributed to inadequate representation of skin-depth effect and scattering at interfaces between layers. When using LIN instruments to identify depth to water tables, interfaces between soil layers, and variations in salt or moisture content, it is important to consider the dependence of de on ??a. ?? Soil Science Society of America.

The oncogenic triangle of HMGA2, LIN28B and IGF2BP1 antagonizes tumor-suppressive actions of the let-7 family.

PubMed

Busch, Bianca; Bley, Nadine; Müller, Simon; Glaß, Markus; Misiak, Danny; Lederer, Marcell; Vetter, Martina; Strauß, Hans-Georg; Thomssen, Christoph; Hüttelmaier, Stefan

2016-05-05

The tumor-suppressive let-7 microRNA family targets various oncogene-encoding mRNAs. We identify the let-7 targets HMGA2, LIN28B and IGF2BP1 to form a let-7 antagonizing self-promoting oncogenic triangle. Surprisingly, 3'-end processing of IGF2BP1 mRNAs is unaltered in aggressive cancers and tumor-derived cells although IGF2BP1 synthesis was proposed to escape let-7 attack by APA-dependent (alternative polyadenylation) 3' UTR shortening. However, the expression of the triangle factors is inversely correlated with let-7 levels and promoted by LIN28B impairing let-7 biogenesis. Moreover, IGF2BP1 enhances the expression of all triangle factors by recruiting the respective mRNAs in mRNPs lacking AGO proteins and let-7 miRNAs. This indicates that the downregulation of let-7, largely facilitated by LIN28B upregulation, and the protection of let-7 target mRNAs by IGF2BP1-directed shielding in mRNPs synergize in enhancing the expression of triangle factors. The oncogenic potential of this triangle was confirmed in ovarian cancer (OC)-derived ES-2 cells transduced with let-7 targeting decoys. In these, the depletion of HMGA2 only diminishes tumor cell growth under permissive conditions. The depletion of LIN28B and more prominently IGF2BP1 severely impairs tumor cell viability, self-renewal and 2D as well as 3D migration. In conclusion, this suggests the targeting of the HMGA2-LIN28B-IGF2BP1 triangle as a promising strategy in cancer treatment. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

The oncogenic triangle of HMGA2, LIN28B and IGF2BP1 antagonizes tumor-suppressive actions of the let-7 family

PubMed Central

Busch, Bianca; Bley, Nadine; Müller, Simon; Glaß, Markus; Misiak, Danny; Lederer, Marcell; Vetter, Martina; Strauß, Hans-Georg; Thomssen, Christoph; Hüttelmaier, Stefan

2016-01-01

The tumor-suppressive let-7 microRNA family targets various oncogene-encoding mRNAs. We identify the let-7 targets HMGA2, LIN28B and IGF2BP1 to form a let-7 antagonizing self-promoting oncogenic triangle. Surprisingly, 3′-end processing of IGF2BP1 mRNAs is unaltered in aggressive cancers and tumor-derived cells although IGF2BP1 synthesis was proposed to escape let-7 attack by APA-dependent (alternative polyadenylation) 3′ UTR shortening. However, the expression of the triangle factors is inversely correlated with let-7 levels and promoted by LIN28B impairing let-7 biogenesis. Moreover, IGF2BP1 enhances the expression of all triangle factors by recruiting the respective mRNAs in mRNPs lacking AGO proteins and let-7 miRNAs. This indicates that the downregulation of let-7, largely facilitated by LIN28B upregulation, and the protection of let-7 target mRNAs by IGF2BP1-directed shielding in mRNPs synergize in enhancing the expression of triangle factors. The oncogenic potential of this triangle was confirmed in ovarian cancer (OC)-derived ES-2 cells transduced with let-7 targeting decoys. In these, the depletion of HMGA2 only diminishes tumor cell growth under permissive conditions. The depletion of LIN28B and more prominently IGF2BP1 severely impairs tumor cell viability, self-renewal and 2D as well as 3D migration. In conclusion, this suggests the targeting of the HMGA2-LIN28B-IGF2BP1 triangle as a promising strategy in cancer treatment. PMID:26917013

Comparison of Two Methods for Calculating the Frictional Properties of Articular Cartilage Using a Simple Pendulum and Intact Mouse Knee Joints

PubMed Central

Drewniak, Elizabeth I.; Jay, Gregory D.; Fleming, Braden C.; Crisco, Joseph J.

2009-01-01

In attempts to better understand the etiology of osteoarthritis, a debilitating joint disease that results in the degeneration of articular cartilage in synovial joints, researchers have focused on joint tribology, the study of joint friction, lubrication, and wear. Several different approaches have been used to investigate the frictional properties of articular cartilage. In this study, we examined two analysis methods for calculating the coefficient of friction (μ) using a simple pendulum system and BL6 murine knee joints (n=10) as the fulcrum. A Stanton linear decay model (Lin μ) and an exponential model that accounts for viscous damping (Exp μ) were fit to the decaying pendulum oscillations. Root mean square error (RMSE), asymptotic standard error (ASE), and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated to evaluate the fit and measurement precision of each model. This investigation demonstrated that while Lin μ was more repeatable, based on CV (5.0% for Lin μ; 18% for Exp μ), Exp μ provided a better fitting model, based on RMSE (0.165° for Exp μ; 0.391° for Lin μ) and ASE (0.033 for Exp μ; 0.185 for Lin μ), and had a significantly lower coefficient of friction value (0.022±0.007 for Exp μ; 0.042±0.016 for Lin μ) (p=0.001). This study details the use of a simple pendulum for examining cartilage properties in situ that will have applications investigating cartilage mechanics in a variety of species. The Exp μ model provided a more accurate fit to the experimental data for predicting the frictional properties of intact joints in pendulum systems. PMID:19632680

LIN28A enhances the therapeutic potential of cultured neural stem cells in a Parkinson's disease model.

PubMed

Rhee, Yong-Hee; Kim, Tae-Ho; Jo, A-Young; Chang, Mi-Yoon; Park, Chang-Hwan; Kim, Sang-Mi; Song, Jae-Jin; Oh, Sang-Min; Yi, Sang-Hoon; Kim, Hyeon Ho; You, Bo-Hyun; Nam, Jin-Wu; Lee, Sang-Hun

2016-10-01

The original properties of tissue-specific stem cells, regardless of their tissue origins, are inevitably altered during in vitro culturing, lessening the clinical and research utility of stem cell cultures. Specifically, neural stem cells derived from the ventral midbrain lose their dopamine neurogenic potential, ventral midbrain-specific phenotypes, and repair capacity during in vitro cell expansion, all of which are critical concerns in using the cultured neural stem cells in therapeutic approaches for Parkinson's disease. In this study, we observed that the culture-dependent changes of neural stem cells derived from the ventral midbrain coincided with loss of RNA-binding protein LIN28A expression. When LIN28A expression was forced and sustained during neural stem cell expansion using an inducible expression-vector system, loss of dopamine neurogenic potential and midbrain phenotypes after long-term culturing was blocked. Furthermore, dopamine neurons that differentiated from neural stem cells exhibited remarkable survival and resistance against toxic insults. The observed effects were not due to a direct action of LIN28A on the differentiated dopamine neurons, but rather its action on precursor neural stem cells as exogene expression was switched off in the differentiating/differentiated cultures. Remarkable and reproducible behavioural recovery was shown in all Parkinson's disease rats grafted with neural stem cells expanded with LIN28A expression, along with extensive engraftment of dopamine neurons expressing mature neuronal and midbrain-specific markers. These findings suggest that LIN28A expression during stem cell expansion could be used to prepare therapeutically competent donor cells. © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

[Analysis of acid rain characteristics of Lin'an Regional Background Station using long-term observation data].

PubMed

Li, Zheng-Quan; Ma, Hao; Mao, Yu-Ding; Feng, Tao

2014-02-01

Using long-term observation data of acid rain at Lin'an Regional Background Station (Lin'an RBS), this paper studied the interannual and monthly variations of acid rain, the reasons for the variations, and the relationships between acid rain and meteorological factors. The results showed that interannual variation of acid rain at Lin'an RBS had a general increasing trend in which there were two obvious intensifying processes and two distinct weakening processes, during the period ranging from 1985 to 2012. In last two decades, the monthly variation of acid rain at Lin'an RBS indicated that rain acidity and frequency of severe acid rain were increasing but the frequency of weak acid rain was decreasing when moving towards bilateral side months of July. Acid rain occurrence was affected by rainfall intensity, wind speed and wind direction. High frequency of severe acid rain and low frequency of weak acid rain were on days with drizzle, but high frequency of weak acid rain and low frequency of severe acid rain occurred on rainstorm days. With wind speed upgrading, the frequency of acid rain and the proportion of severe acid rain were declining, the pH value of precipitation was reducing too. Another character is that daily dominant wind direction of weak acid rain majorly converged in S-W section ,however that of severe acid rain was more likely distributed in N-E section. The monthly variation of acid rain at Lin'an RBS was mainly attributed to precipitation variation, the increasing and decreasing of monthly incoming wind from SSE-WSW and NWN-ENE sections of wind direction. The interannual variation of acid rain could be due to the effects of energy consumption raising and significant green policies conducted in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shanghai.

Biodegradation of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane) and alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane in water and a soil slurry by a Pandoraea species.

PubMed

Okeke, Benedict C; Siddique, Tariq; Arbestain, Marta Camps; Frankenberger, William T

2002-04-24

Isomers of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) were some of the most widely used pesticides. Despite reduction in their production and use, HCH isomers present a serious environmental hazard. In this study, two bacterial isolates (LIN-1 and LIN-3) that can grow on gamma-HCH as a sole source of carbon and energy were isolated from an enrichment culture. In liquid cultures of LIN-1 and LIN-3, 25.0 and 45.5% removal of gamma-HCH, respectively, were achieved in 2 weeks. LIN-3 was identified as Pandoraea sp. by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis (99% identity). Pandoraea sp. substantially degraded both gamma- and alpha-HCH isomers at concentrations of 10-200 mg L(-1) in liquid cultures. After 8 weeks of incubation in liquid culture, 89.9 and 93.3% of the gamma- and alpha-HCH isomers declined, respectively, at an initial concentration of 150 mg L(-1). In soil slurry cultures of Pandoraea sp., simulating a soil slurry phase bioremediation treatment, substantial decreases in the levels of the HCH isomers were observed at concentrations of 50-200 mg L(-1). After 9 weeks, 59.6 and 53.3% biodegradations of gamma- and alpha-HCH isomers, respectively, were achieved at 150 mg L(-1). Using two 23-mer oligonucloetide primers targeting the 330 bp region of the 16S rRNA gene of Pandoraea sp., an approximately 330 bp PCR product was successfully amplified from DNA templates prepared from bacterial colonies and soil slurry culture. This system provides a direct and rapid PCR-based molecular tool for tracking Pandoraea sp. strain LIN-3 in water and soils. These results have implied implications for the treatment of soils and water contaminated with HCH isomers.

Functional study of risk loci of stem cell-associated gene lin-28B and associations with disease survival outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer.

PubMed

Lu, Lingeng; Katsaros, Dionyssios; Mayne, Susan T; Risch, Harvey A; Benedetto, Chiara; Canuto, Emilie Marion; Yu, Herbert

2012-11-01

Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the stem cell-associated gene lin-28B have been identified in association with ovarian cancer and ovarian cancer-related risk factors. However, whether these SNPs are functional or might be potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer prognosis remains unknown. The purposes of this study were to investigate the functional relevance of the identified lin-28B SNPs, as well as the associations of genotype and phenotype with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) survival. We analyzed five SNPs and mRNA levels of lin-28B in 211 primary EOC tissues using Taqman(®) SNP genotyping assays and SYBR green-based real-time PCR, respectively. The RNA secondary structures at the region of a genome-wide association-identified intronic rs314276 were analyzed theoretically with mfold and experimentally with circular dichroism spectroscopy. We found that rs314276 was a cis-acting expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) in both additive and dominant models, while rs7759938 and rs314277 were significant or of borderline significance in dominant models only. The rs314276 variant significantly affects RNA secondary structure. No SNPs alone were associated with patient survival. However, we found that among patients initially responding to chemotherapy, those with higher lin-28B expression had higher mortality risk (hazard ratio =3.27, 95% confidence interval: 1.63-6.56) and relapse risk (hazard ratio = 2.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.41-4.54) than those with lower expression, and these associations remained in multivariate analyses. These results suggest that rs314276 alters RNA secondary structure and thereby influences gene expression, and that lin-28B is a cancer stem cell-associated marker, which may be a pharmaceutical target in the management of EOC.

BASF confirms plans for world-scale cracker on the Gulf Coast

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wood, A.

BASF Corp. has confirmed plans that it will build a world-scale cracker on the Gulf Coast. The company has completed preliminary work, and {open_quotes}the results of our project analysis have been extremely encouraging,{close_quotes} says chemicals president Carl A. Jennings. {open_quotes}We`ll proceed with high priority to have the cracker ready for startup in second-half 2000.{close_quotes} The company says it will select a location for the project by mid-1977. In addition to considering its sites at Geismar, LA; Freeport, TX; and Altamira, Mexico, BASF says that {open_quotes}cooperative arrangements{close_quotes} are being looked at. That could include locating the project at a different site,more » adjacent to a feedstock source, according to Jennings. He says the project could also include joint venture partners.« less

Multiple mechanisms disrupt the let-7 microRNA family in neuroblastoma

PubMed Central

Powers, John T; Tsanov, Kaloyan M; Pearson, Daniel S; Roels, Frederik; Spina, Catherine S; Ebright, Richard; Seligson, Marc; de Soysa, Yvanka; Cahan, Patrick; Theiβen, Jessica; Tu, Ho-Chou; Han, Areum; Kurek, Kyle C; LaPier, Grace S; Osborne, Jihan K; Ross, Samantha J; Cesana, Marcella; Collins, James J; Berthold, Frank; Daley, George Q

2016-01-01

Poor prognosis in neuroblastoma is associated with genetic amplification of MYCN. MYCN is itself a target of let-7, a tumor suppressor family of microRNAs implicated in numerous cancers. LIN28B, an inhibitor of let-7 biogenesis, is overexpressed in neuroblastoma and has been reported to regulate MYCN. However, here we show that LIN28B is dispensable in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell lines, despite de-repression of let-7. We further demonstrate that MYCN mRNA levels in amplified disease are exceptionally high and sufficient to sponge let-7, which reconciles the dispensability of LIN28B. We found that genetic loss of let-7 is common in neuroblastoma, inversely associated with MYCN-amplification, and independently associated with poor outcomes, providing a rationale for chromosomal loss patterns in neuroblastoma. We propose that let-7 disruption by LIN28B, MYCN sponging, or genetic loss is a unifying mechanism of neuroblastoma pathogenesis with broad implications for cancer pathogenesis. PMID:27383785

The POU transcription factor UNC-86 controls the timing and ventral guidance of C. elegans axon growth

PubMed Central

Olsson-Carter, Katherine; Slack, Frank J.

2012-01-01

The in vivo mechanisms that coordinate the timing of axon growth and guidance are not well understood. In the C. elegans hermaphrodite specific neurons, the lin-4 microRNA controls the stage of axon initiation independent of the UNC-40 and SAX-3 ventral guidance receptors. lin-4 loss-of-function mutants exhibit marked delays in axon outgrowth, while lin-4 overexpression, leads to precocious growth in the L3. Here we show that loss of the POU transcription factor UNC-86 not only results in penetrant ventral axon growth defects in the HSNs, but also causes processes to extend in the L1, three stages earlier than wild-type. This temporal shift is not dependent on UNC-40 or SAX-3, and does not require the presence of lin-4. We propose that unc-86(lf) HSN axons are misguided due to the temporal decoupling of axon initiation and ventral guidance responses. PMID:21656875

Safety and Feasibility of Lin- Cells Administration to ALS Patients: A Novel View on Humoral Factors and miRNA Profiles.

PubMed

Sobuś, Anna; Baumert, Bartłomiej; Litwińska, Zofia; Gołąb-Janowska, Monika; Stępniewski, Jacek; Kotowski, Maciej; Pius-Sadowska, Ewa; Kawa, Miłosz P; Gródecka-Szwajkiewicz, Dorota; Peregud-Pogorzelski, Jarosław; Dulak, Józef; Nowacki, Przemysław; Machaliński, Bogusław

2018-04-27

Therapeutic options for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are still limited. Great hopes, however, are placed in growth factors that show neuroprotective abilities (e.g., nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) and in the immune modulating features, in particular, the anti-inflammatory effects. In our study we aimed to investigate whether a bone marrow-derived lineage-negative (Lin-) cells population, after autologous application into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is able to produce noticeable concentrations of trophic factors and inflammatory-related proteins and thus influence the clinical course of ALS. To our knowledge, the evaluation of Lin- cells transplantation for ALS treatment has not been previously reported. Early hematopoietic Lin- cells were isolated from twelve ALS patients’ bone marrow, and later, the suspension of cells was administered into the subarachnoid space by lumbar puncture. Concentrations of selected proteins in the CSF and plasma were quantified by multiplex fluorescent bead-based immunoassays at different timepoints post-transplantation. We also chose microRNAs (miRNAs) related to muscle biology (miRNA-1, miRNA-133a, and miRNA-206) and angiogenesis and inflammation (miRNA-155 and miRNA-378) and tested, for the first time, their expression profiles in the CSF and plasma of ALS patients after Lin- cells transplantation. The injection of bone marrow cells resulted in decreased concentration of selected inflammatory proteins (C3) after Lin- cells injection, particularly in patients who had a better clinical outcome. Moreover, several analyzed miRNAs have changed expression levels in the CSF and plasma of ALS patients subsequent to Lin- cells administration. Interestingly, the expression of miR-206 increased in ALS patients, while miR-378 decreased both in the CSF and plasma one month after the cells’ injection. We propose that autologous lineage-negative early hematopoietic cells injected intrathecally may be a safe and feasible source of material for transplantations to the central nervous system (CNS) environment aimed at anti-inflammatory support provision for ALS adjuvant treatment strategies. Further research is needed to evaluate whether the observed effects could significantly influence the ALS progression.

The let-7/Lin28 axis regulates activation of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury.

PubMed

McDaniel, Kelly; Huang, Li; Sato, Keisaku; Wu, Nan; Annable, Tami; Zhou, Tianhao; Ramos-Lorenzo, Sugeily; Wan, Ying; Huang, Qiaobing; Francis, Heather; Glaser, Shannon; Tsukamoto, Hidekazu; Alpini, Gianfranco; Meng, Fanyin

2017-07-07

The let-7/Lin28 axis is associated with the regulation of key cellular regulatory genes known as microRNAs in various human disorders and cancer development. This study evaluated the role of the let-7/Lin28 axis in regulating a mesenchymal phenotype of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury. We identified that ethanol feeding significantly down-regulated several members of the let-7 family in mouse liver, including let-7a and let-7b. Similarly, the treatment of human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) significantly decreased the expressions of let-7a and let-7b. Conversely, overexpression of let-7a and let-7b suppressed the myofibroblastic activation of cultured human HSCs induced by LPS and TGF-β, as evidenced by repressed ACTA2 (α-actin 2), COL1A1 (collagen 1A1), TIMP1 (TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1), and FN1 (fibronectin 1); this supports the notion that HSC activation is controlled by let-7. A combination of bioinformatics, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and Western blot analysis revealed that Lin28B and high-mobility group AT-hook (HMGA2) were the direct targets of let-7a and let-7b. Furthermore, Lin28B deficiency increased the expression of let-7a/let-7b as well as reduced HSC activation and liver fibrosis in mice with alcoholic liver injury. This feedback regulation of let-7 by Lin28B is verified in hepatic stellate cells isolated by laser capture microdissection from the model. The identification of the let-7/Lin28 axis as an important regulator of HSC activation as well as its upstream modulators and down-stream targets will provide insights into the involvement of altered microRNA expression in contributing to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver fibrosis and novel therapeutic approaches for human alcoholic liver diseases. © 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Analyzing Lie symmetry and constructing conservation laws for time-fractional Benny-Lin equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rashidi, Saeede; Hejazi, S. Reza

This paper investigates the invariance properties of the time fractional Benny-Lin equation with Riemann-Liouville and Caputo derivatives. This equation can be reduced to the Kawahara equation, fifth-order Kdv equation, the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation and Navier-Stokes equation. By using the Lie group analysis method of fractional differential equations (FDEs), we derive Lie symmetries for the Benny-Lin equation. Conservation laws for this equation are obtained with the aid of the concept of nonlinear self-adjointness and the fractional generalization of the Noether’s operators. Furthermore, by means of the invariant subspace method, exact solutions of the equation are also constructed.

People’s Republic of China Scientific Abstracts No. 161.

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-01-21

and Research Section, Kun-ming Medical School TITLE: "Poliovirus Filter Paper Plaque Assay Test" SOURCE: Peking CHUNG-HUA NEI-K’O TSA-CHIH...Copy DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A Approved for Public Release Distribution Unlimited U. S. JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE REPRODUCED BY NATIONAL...Publications Research Service, 1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201. /. JPRS𔄀 8509 21 January19 77 PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA SCIENTIFIC

Low-Level Outflow Potential of Non-Tornadic Thunderstorms Inferred from Single-Doppler Radar

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

10) MNGATE(3) , MIGATE (3) ,NFLD,ELCNT, * + BD.ANGE .ERANGE COMMON/PARMS/IVOL,KVOL,SN ,FN COMMON/WNITS! ITJNT, JUN17 ,KUN DIMENSION R01(3) ,DRI(3) ,MPG(3... MIGATE (ILOOP) NO (IOOP) - NXIATE (ILOOP) -MNGITE(ILOOP) +1I!8 FCAGNTINUE E RED(UNI ) AZ 1),NIT DO 1 ILOP-1,NLD DONUNT 58 LOP1,N(IOOP)N K~~~EI UNIT) BICNT

Short communication: Experimental toxocarosis in Chinese Kun Ming mice: Dose-dependent larval distribution and modulation of immune responses.

PubMed

Ma, Guangxu; Tan, Yancai; Hu, Ling; Luo, Yongfang; Zhu, Honghong; Zhou, Rongqiong

2015-12-01

Toxocarosis is an important parasitic zoonosis which is mainly caused by the infective larvae of Toxocara canis. To identify whether there are correlations among the infectious dose, the larval migrans and immune modulation in inbred Chinese Kun Ming (KM) mice, experimental infections were carried out with a range of dosages of 100, 500, 1000, 2000, and 3000 embryonated eggs (EE). Pathogenic reactions were observed in terms of physical and central nervous symptoms. Distributions of T. canis larvae in liver, lung, kidney, heart and brain organs were respectively detected by scanning tissue sections. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR was employed to identify the variations of Th2 immune response. The results showed that high inocula resulted in advanced larval emergences and arrested migrations in liver, lung, kidney and brain. However, no larvae were found in any of the histological sections of heart tissues. Higher levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-10 were detected along with the increasing inoculation doses, but the heaviest inoculum (3000 EE in this study) resulted in the sharp reduction of these ILs. Although no neurological symptoms or mortalities were noticed, these results indicated dose-dependent distribution patterns and immune regulations of T. canis larvae infection in KM mice. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: The YSO population of LDN 1340 in infrared (Kun+, 2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kun, M.; Wolf-Chase, G.; Moor, A.; Apai, D.; Balog, Z.; O'Linger-Luscusk, J.; Moriarty-Schieven, G. H.

2016-07-01

L1340 was observed by the Spitzer Space Telescope using Spitzer's Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on 2009 March 16 and the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS) on 2008 November 26 (Prog. ID: 50691, PI: G. Fazio). The IRAC observations covered ~1deg2 in all four bands. Moreover, a small part of the cloud, centered on RNO 7, was observed in the four IRAC bands on 2006 September 24 (Prog. ID: 30734, PI: D. Figer). We selected candidate YSOs from the Spitzer Enhanced Imaging Products (SEIP) Source List, containing 19745 point sources in the target field. High angular resolution near-infrared images of two small regions of L1340 were obtained on 2002 October 24 in the JHK bands, using the near-infrared camera Omega-Cass, mounted on the 3.5m telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory, Spain. The results for IRAS 02224+7227 have been shown in Kun et al. (2014, J/ApJ/795/L26). Here we present the results for RNO 7. To classify the evolutionary status of the color-selected candidate YSOs and obtain as complete a picture of the SFR and its YSO population as possible, we supplemented the Spitzer data with photometric data available in public databases. See section 2.3 for further details. (13 data files).

Microring Resonators Vertically Coupled to Buried Heterostructure Bus Waveguides

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-01

Seung June Choi, Kostadin Djordjev, Sang Jun Choi, P. Daniel Dapkus, Fellow, IEEE, Wilson Lin, Giora Griffel , Ray Menna, and John Connolly Abstract—The...Department of Electrical Engineering-Electrophysics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. W. Lin, G. Griffel , R. Menna, and J

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and stem cell factor are the crucial factors in long-term culture of human primitive hematopoietic cells supported by a murine stromal cell line.

PubMed

Nishi, N; Ishikawa, R; Inoue, H; Nishikawa, M; Kakeda, M; Yoneya, T; Tsumura, H; Ohashi, H; Yamaguchi, Y; Motoki, K; Sudo, T; Mori, K J

1996-09-01

The findings that murine marrow stromal cell line MS-5 supported the proliferation of human lineage-negative (Lin-) CD34+CD38- bone marrow cells in long-term culture have been reported. In this study, we analyzed this proliferating activity of MS-5-conditioned medium (CM) on human primitive hematopoietic cells. When Lin-CD34+CD38- cells of normal human cord blood cells were co-cultured with MS-5, colony forming cells (CFCs) were maintained over 7 weeks in vitro. Prevention of contact between MS-5 and Lin-CD34+CD38- cells by using membrane filter (0.45 micron) was negligible for this activity. This indicated that the activity of MS-5 on human primitive hematopoietic cells is a soluble factor(s) secreted from MS-5, which is not induced by the contact between MS-5 and Lin-CD34+CD38- cells. We tried to purify this soluble activity. An active material with a molecular weight of about 150 kDa, determined by gel filtration chromatography, solely supported the growth of Lin-CD34+CD38- cells and Mo7e, a human megakaryocytic cell line. This activity not only reacted with anti-mouse stem cell factor (mSCF) antibody on Western blots, but it was also neutralized in the presence of anti-mSCF antibody. Another active material with a molecular weight of about 20-30 kDa synergized with mSCF to stimulate the growth of Lin-CD34+CD38- cells but failed to do so alone, although this synergy was inhibited in the presence of soluble mouse granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (mG-CSF) receptor, which is a chimeric protein consisting of the extracellular domain of mG-CSF receptor and the Fe region of human IgG1. In addition, the latter molecule supported the growth of the G-CSF dependent cell line FD/GR3, which is a murine myeloid leukemia cell line, FDC-P2, transfected with mG-CSF receptor cDNA. Adding of anti-mSCF antibody and soluble mG-CSF receptor to the culture completely abrogated the activity of MS-5-CM. Recombinant (r) mSCF and rmG-CSF had synergistic activity on the growth of Lin-CD34+CD38- cells. These results indicated that the activity on Lin-CD34+CD38- cells included in MS-5-CM is based upon the synergistic effects of mSCF and mG-CSF.

A computational study of the dechlorination of β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) catalyzed by the haloalkane dehalogenase LinB.

PubMed

Manna, Rabindra Nath; Dybala-Defratyka, Agnieszka

2014-11-15

LinB, a haloalkane dehalogenase from Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26, is known to metabolize halohydrocarbons to halide ions and the respective alcohols. Its broad substrate specificity allowed its consideration for bioremediation. Herein, we have shown its catalytic action toward β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) - an example of large-size substrates that can be accommodated in its active site. We have analyzed the capability of combined QM/MM schemes to describe in detail the SN2 dechlorination reaction between β-HCH and Asp108 in the active site of LinB. Free energy surfaces have been calculated using one and two dimensional potentials of mean force (PMF) obtained at the PM3/MM (MM=amberff99SB, TIP3P) level of theory. The overestimated energetic barriers by the PM3 Hamiltonian were corrected using a DFT functional (M06-2X). The resulted activation energies (16 and 19 kcal mol(-1) from 1D and 2D-PMF profiles, respectively) for the dechlorination reaction of β-HCH in the active site of LinB enzyme are in qualitative agreement with the experimentally determined value of 17 kcal mol(-1). The binding of β-HCH to the active site of LinB has been compared to the binding of smaller 1-chlorobutane (1-CB) and larger δ-hexabromocyclododecane (δ-HBCD). Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A role for Lin28 in primordial germ cell development and germ cell malignancy

PubMed Central

West, Jason A.; Viswanathan, Srinivas R.; Yabuuchi, Akiko; Cunniff, Kerianne; Takeuchi, Ayumu; Park, In-Hyun; Sero, Julia E.; Zhu, Hao; Perez-Atayde, Antonio; Frazier, A. Lindsay; Surani, M. Azim; Daley, George Q.

2009-01-01

The rarity and inaccessibility of the earliest primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the mouse embryo thwarts efforts to investigate molecular mechanisms of germ cell specification. Stella marks the minute founder population of the germ lineage1,2. Here we differentiate mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) carrying a Stella transgenic reporter into putative PGCs in vitro. The Stella+ cells possess a transcriptional profile similar to embryo-derived PGCs, and like their counterparts in vivo, lose imprints in a time-dependent manner. Using inhibitory RNAs to screen candidate genes for effects on the development of Stella+ cells in vitro, we discovered that Lin28, a negative regulator of let-7 microRNA processing3-6, is essential for proper PGC development. We further show that Blimp1, a let-7 target and a master regulator of PGC specification7-9, can rescue the effect of Lin28-deficiency during PGC development, thereby establishing a mechanism of action for Lin28 during PGC specification. Over-expression of Lin28 promotes formation of Stella+ cells in vitro and PGCs in chimeric embryos, and is associated with human germ cell tumours. The differentiation of putative PGCs from ESCs in vitro recapitulates the early stages of gamete development in vivo, and provides an accessible system for discovering novel genes involved in germ cell development and malignancy. PMID:19578360

A Proposal for a Genome Similarity-Based Taxonomy for Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria that Is Sufficiently Precise to Reflect Phylogeny, Host Range, and Outbreak Affiliation Applied to Pseudomonas syringae sensu lato as a Proof of Concept.

PubMed

Vinatzer, Boris A; Weisberg, Alexandra J; Monteil, Caroline L; Elmarakeby, Haitham A; Sheppard, Samuel K; Heath, Lenwood S

2017-01-01

Taxonomy of plant pathogenic bacteria is challenging because pathogens of different crops often belong to the same named species but current taxonomy does not provide names for bacteria below the subspecies level. The introduction of the host range-based pathovar system in the 1980s provided a temporary solution to this problem but has many limitations. The affordability of genome sequencing now provides the opportunity for developing a new genome-based taxonomic framework. We already proposed to name individual bacterial isolates based on pairwise genome similarity. Here, we expand on this idea and propose to use genome similarity-based codes, which we now call life identification numbers (LINs), to describe and name bacterial taxa. Using 93 genomes of Pseudomonas syringae sensu lato, LINs were compared with a P. syringae genome tree whereby the assigned LINs were found to be informative of a majority of phylogenetic relationships. LINs also reflected host range and outbreak association for strains of P. syringae pathovar actinidiae, a pathovar for which many genome sequences are available. We conclude that LINs could provide the basis for a new taxonomic framework to address the shortcomings of the current pathovar system and to complement the current taxonomic system of bacteria in general.

Lin28B promotes Müller glial cell de-differentiation and proliferation in the regenerative rat retinas

PubMed Central

Tao, Zui; Zhao, Chen; Jian, Qian; Gillies, Mark; Xu, Haiwei; Yin, Zheng Qin

2016-01-01

Retinal regeneration and repair are severely impeded in higher mammalian animals. Although Müller cells can be activated and show some characteristics of progenitor cells when injured or under pathological conditions, they quickly form gliosis scars. Unfortunately, the basic mechanisms that impede retinal regeneration remain unknown. We studied retinas from Royal College of Surgeon (RCS) rats and found that let-7 family molecules, let-7e and let-7i, were significantly overexpressed in Müller cells of degenerative retinas. It demonstrated that down-regulation of the RNA binding protein Lin28B was one of the key factors leading to the overexpression of let-7e and let-7i. Lin28B ectopic expression in the Müller cells suppressed overexpression of let-7e and let-7i, stimulated and mobilized Müller glia de-differentiation, proliferation, promoted neuronal commitment, and inhibited glial fate acquisition of de-differentiated Müller cells. ERG recordings revealed that the amplitudes of a-wave and b-wave were improved significantly after Lin28B was delivered into the subretinal space of RCS rats. In summary, down-regulation of Lin28B as well as up-regulation of let-7e and let-7i may be the main factors that impede Müller cell de-differentiation and proliferation in the retina of RCS rats. PMID:27384999

Loss of the Mammalian DREAM Complex Deregulates Chondrocyte Proliferation

PubMed Central

Forristal, Chantal; Henley, Shauna A.; MacDonald, James I.; Bush, Jason R.; Ort, Carley; Passos, Daniel T.; Talluri, Srikanth; Ishak, Charles A.; Thwaites, Michael J.; Norley, Chris J.; Litovchick, Larisa; DeCaprio, James A.; DiMattia, Gabriel; Holdsworth, David W.; Beier, Frank

2014-01-01

Mammalian DREAM is a conserved protein complex that functions in cellular quiescence. DREAM contains an E2F, a retinoblastoma (RB)-family protein, and the MuvB core (LIN9, LIN37, LIN52, LIN54, and RBBP4). In mammals, MuvB can alternatively bind to BMYB to form a complex that promotes mitotic gene expression. Because BMYB-MuvB is essential for proliferation, loss-of-function approaches to study MuvB have generated limited insight into DREAM function. Here, we report a gene-targeted mouse model that is uniquely deficient for DREAM complex assembly. We have targeted p107 (Rbl1) to prevent MuvB binding and combined it with deficiency for p130 (Rbl2). Our data demonstrate that cells from these mice preferentially assemble BMYB-MuvB complexes and fail to repress transcription. DREAM-deficient mice show defects in endochondral bone formation and die shortly after birth. Micro-computed tomography and histology demonstrate that in the absence of DREAM, chondrocytes fail to arrest proliferation. Since DREAM requires DYRK1A (dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated protein kinase 1A) phosphorylation of LIN52 for assembly, we utilized an embryonic bone culture system and pharmacologic inhibition of (DYRK) kinase to demonstrate a similar defect in endochondral bone growth. This reveals that assembly of mammalian DREAM is required to induce cell cycle exit in chondrocytes. PMID:24710275

78 FR 9724 - Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Receipt of Application for Incidental Take Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-11

...: Dawn Jennings, Acting Field Supervisor, Jacksonville Ecological Services Field Office, Attn: Permit... their habitats, and (2) minor or negligible effects on other environmental values or resources. Next...

Susan Parker Bodine, Letter to Brian Jennings of American Coalition for Ethanol, November 7, 2006

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This letter responds to correspondence concerning the applicability of EPA's Facility Response Plan (FRP) regulations to ethanol production and storage facilities and whether denatured ethanol is an oil.

10. Historic American Buildings Survey CFA Staff, Photographer, 1972 FIRST ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. Historic American Buildings Survey CFA Staff, Photographer, 1972 FIRST- SECOND- FLOOR PLAN J. L. S. Jennings, Jr., Delineator - Edward H. Everett House, 1606 Twenty-third Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia, DC

Asthma in Children: MedlinePlus Health Topic

MedlinePlus

... and Research) Treating Asthma with Inhaled Steroids (Consumers Union of U.S.) - PDF What If My Child Doesn' ... Study Helps Jeff Long Battle Illness Outrunning Asthma: Football Player Rashad Jennings Battled Childhood Asthma with Exercise ...

Staff Directory | Argonne National Laboratory

Science.gov Websites

Engineer essam@anl.gov Jeff Elam Elam, Jeffrey Senior Chemist/Group Leader - Atomic Layer Deposition jelam of Greg Krumdick Krumdick, Greg Manager, Materials Engineering and Research Facility (MERF), Group Postdoctoral Appointee qi.li@anl.gov Photo of Yupo Lin Lin, YuPo Group Leader, Chemical and Biological

77 FR 18862 - Zhiwei Lin, M.D.; Decision and Order

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-28

... DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Drug Enforcement Administration [Docket No. 10-54] Zhiwei Lin, M.D.; Decision and Order On September 19, 2011, Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) Timothy D. Wing issued the....C. 824, of the CSA. Calvin Ramsey, 76 FR 20034, 20036 (2011) (other citations omitted); Brenton D...

75 FR 842 - Action Affecting Export Privileges: Hailin Lin

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-06

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Bureau of Industry and Security Action Affecting Export Privileges: Hailin... Regulations. Charges 112-12415: CFR 764.2(h)--Taking Action With Intent To Evade the Regulations In connection... through on or about September 30, 2004, Lin took actions with intent to evade the provisions of the...

78 FR 20689 - Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Receipt of Application for Renewal of Incidental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-05

... Jennings, Acting Field Supervisor, Jacksonville Ecological Services Field Office, Attn: Permit number... effects on other environmental values or resources. Next Steps We will evaluate the HCP and comments we...

Detail of Bright Angel stone vault, containing condenser, Hoffman condensation ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail of Bright Angel stone vault, containing condenser, Hoffman condensation pump, Jennings vacuum heating pump, and misc. pipes and valves. - Grand Canyon Village Utilities, Grand Canyon National Park, Grand Canyon Village, Coconino County, AZ

11. Historic American Buildings Survey Photocopy Commission of Fine Arts ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. Historic American Buildings Survey Photocopy Commission of Fine Arts Staff, 1972 FIRST-FLOOR PLAN J. L. S. Jennings, Jr., Delineator, Aug. 1972 - Walsh-Mclean House, 2020 Massachusetts Avenue Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia, DC

Bridenstine Sworn In As NASA Administrator

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-04-23

NASA Associate Administrator for the Office of Communications Jen Rae Wang introduces Jim Bridenstine prior to his swearing-in as the 13th NASA Administrator, Monday, April 23, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Supporting the human life-raft in confronting the juggernaut of technology: Jens Rasmussen, 1961-1986.

PubMed

Kant, Vivek

2017-03-01

Jens Rasmussen's contribution to the field of human factors and ergonomics has had a lasting impact. Six prominent interrelated themes can be extracted from his research between 1961 and 1986. These themes form the basis of an engineering epistemology which is best manifested by his abstraction hierarchy. Further, Rasmussen reformulated technical reliability using systems language to enable a proper human-machine fit. To understand the concept of human-machine fit, he included the operator as a central component in the system to enhance system safety. This change resulted in the application of a qualitative and categorical approach for human-machine interaction design. Finally, Rasmussen's insistence on a working philosophy of systems design as being a joint responsibility of operators and designers provided the basis for averting errors and ensuring safe and correct system functioning. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Retracted] Rivaroxaban attenuates thrombosis by targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway in a rat model of deep venous thrombus.

PubMed

Ma, Junhao; Li, Xinxi; Wang, Yang; Yang, Zhenwei; Luo, Jun

2018-06-01

Following the publication of this article, an interested reader made us aware that the authors of the above paper had misappropriated certain of the data that had been published previously in three different papers. Specifically, Fig. 2A, B and G in the above paper appeared to be derived from Figs. 2A, 3 and 1A, respectively, of the paper by CM Ripplinger, CW Kessinger, C Li, JW Kim, JR McCarthy, R Weissleder, PK Henke, CP Lin and FA Jaffer (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 32: 2616‑2624, 2012). Figs. 2E, F, H, I and J in the above paper appeared to be derived from Figs. 1, 2A, 2D, 5E and 3F, respectively, of the paper by ML von Brühl, K Stark, A Steinhart, S Chandraratne, I Konrad, M Lorenz, A Khandoga, A Tirniceriu, R Coletti, M Köllnberger, et al (J Exp Med 209: 819‑835, 2012). Fig. 6C in the above paper appeared to be derived from Fig. 2D in the paper by CW Kessinger, JW Kim, PK Henke, B Thompson, JR McCarthy, T Hara, M Sillesen, RJ Margey, P Libby, R Weissleder, et al [PLoS One 10(2): e0116621, 2015], and Fig. 6H in the above paper appeared to be derived from Fig. 4 in the paper by von Brühl et al. Following an internal enquiry, the Editor of International Journal of Molecular Medicine has determined that the claim should be upheld; therefore, the Editorial Board has decided that the article should be retracted. All efforts were made to contact the corresponding author of the above article. The Editor apologizes to the readership of the Journal for any inconvenience caused. [the original article was published in the International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40: 1869‑1880, 2017; DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3166].

Can linear superiorization be useful for linear optimization problems?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Censor, Yair

2017-04-01

Linear superiorization (LinSup) considers linear programming problems but instead of attempting to solve them with linear optimization methods it employs perturbation resilient feasibility-seeking algorithms and steers them toward reduced (not necessarily minimal) target function values. The two questions that we set out to explore experimentally are: (i) does LinSup provide a feasible point whose linear target function value is lower than that obtained by running the same feasibility-seeking algorithm without superiorization under identical conditions? (ii) How does LinSup fare in comparison with the Simplex method for solving linear programming problems? Based on our computational experiments presented here, the answers to these two questions are: ‘yes’ and ‘very well’, respectively.

Integrative Lifecourse and Genetic Analysis of Military Working Dogs

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

Award Number: W81XWH-11-2-0226 TITLE: Integrative Lifecourse and Genetic Analysis of Military Working Dogs PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Kun Huang...Integrative Lifecourse and Genetic Analysis of Military Working Dogs 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-11-2-0226 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER...of the military working dog population. There are several critical aspects to meeting the aims of this proposal. 1) development of data driven

Integrative Lifecourse and Genetic Analysis of Military Working Dogs

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-10-01

Working Dogs 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-11-2-0226 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Dr. Kun Huang 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK...we submitted final revisions on our IACUC protocol for the collection of biological samples and Lackland veterinary approval was granted ; and...final Lackland AFB oversight approval was granted and those documents were submitted to DoD CDMRP grant administration. Currently, there is one final

Translations on North Korea. Number 534

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-06-13

May 77)... Nature Remaking Work Needed To Occupy Food Grain Height ( Kim Il-song; ALGOK 1,000 MAN TON KOJIRUL CHOMNYONG HAGI WIHAN CHAYON KAEJO...meeting, Choe Yong -kun extended, on the occasion of the "week of support to the struggle of the Palestine people," warm congratu- lations and militant...people. Present at the meeting were Kim Kuk-hun, Yi Chong-mok, and other personages concerned, and working people in the city. Diplomatic envoys of

Implementation of Structures in the CMS:Part 1, Rubble Mound

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-08-01

Lin, C. Lu, and A. T. Shak . 2011. Evaluation of Breakwaters and Sedimentation at Dana Point Harbor, CA. In Proceedings of Coastal Sediments 2011...08-13. Vicksburg, MS: US Army Engineer Research and Development Center. ERDC/CHL CHETN-IV-93 August 2013 9 Lu, C., A. T. Shak , H. Li, and L. Lin

Primordial dwarfism gene maintains Lin28 expression to safeguard embryonic stem cells from premature differentiation.

PubMed

Dai, Qian; Luan, Guangxin; Deng, Li; Lei, Tingjun; Kang, Han; Song, Xu; Zhang, Yujun; Xiao, Zhi-Xiong; Li, Qintong

2014-05-08

Primordial dwarfism (PD) is characterized by global growth failure, both during embryogenesis and postnatally. Loss-of-function germline mutations in La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 7 (LAPR7) have recently been linked to PD. Paradoxically, LARP7 deficiency was previously assumed to be associated with increased cell growth and proliferation via activation of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb). Here, we show that Larp7 deficiency likely does not significantly increase P-TEFb activity. We further discover that Larp7 knockdown does not affect pluripotency but instead primes embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for differentiation via downregulation of Lin28, a positive regulator of organismal growth. Mechanistically, we show that Larp7 interacts with a poly(A) polymerase Star-PAP to maintain Lin28 mRNA stability. We propose that proper regulation of Lin28 and PTEFb is essential for embryonic cells to achieve a sufficient number of cell divisions prior to differentiation and ultimately to maintain proper organismal size. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Deficiency of a membrane skeletal protein, 4.1G, results in myelin abnormalities in the peripheral nervous system.

PubMed

Saitoh, Yurika; Ohno, Nobuhiko; Yamauchi, Junji; Sakamoto, Takeharu; Terada, Nobuo

2017-12-01

We previously demonstrated that a membrane skeletal molecular complex, 4.1G-membrane palmitoylated protein 6 (MPP6)-cell adhesion molecule 4, is incorporated in Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In this study, we evaluated motor activity and myelin ultrastructures in 4.1G-deficient (-/-) mice. When suspended by the tail, aged 4.1G -/- mice displayed spastic leg extension, especially after overwork. Motor-conduction velocity in 4.1G -/- mice was slower than that in wild-type mice. Using electron microscopy, 4.1G -/- mice exhibited myelin abnormalities: myelin was thicker in internodes, and attachment of myelin tips was distorted in some paranodes. In addition, we found a novel function of 4.1G for sorting a scaffold protein, Lin7, due to disappearance of the immunolocalization and reduction of the production of Lin7c and Lin7a in 4.1G -/- sciatic nerves, as well as the interaction of MPP6 and Lin7 with immunoprecipitation. Thus, we herein propose 4.1G functions as a signal for proper formation of myelin in PNS.

Epidemiology of Toxocara canis in the dog population from two areas of different socioeconomic status, Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina.

PubMed

Rubel, D; Zunino, G; Santillán, G; Wisnivesky, C

2003-07-29

Toxocara canis infection in dogs is a public health problem in most countries, although it has been poorly documented in many of them. The main objective of the present work was to investigate the epidemiology of infection in the canine populations from two areas of Buenos Aires of different socioeconomic status and urban conditions: a middle-income neighbourhood (MIN) and a low-income neighbourhood (LIN). This study evaluated the prevalence of infection in dogs by parasitological and serological techniques in both areas, and described the relationship between the infection and different epidemiological variables for each neighbourhood. A cross-sectional study was carried out after a house-to-house census was completed. During August 1999, a sample of households was selected at random (nMIN=53 and nPA=52). In each house, one dog was randomly chosen for the collection of fresh faeces and blood. The dog owners were interviewed utilising a questionnaire about dogs on sex, recent anthelmintic treatment, degree of confinement, control by the dog's owner (whether the dog goes out of the house accompanied or not, leashed or unleashed), defecation site, defecation substratum and number of dogs in the house. The diagnostic techniques were concentration-sedimentation formalin/ether method and ELISA test. The parasitological prevalences in dogs were 9% (5/53) in MIN and 19% (10/52) in LIN, and serological prevalences were 22% (2/9) in MIN and 40% (15/37) in LIN. In MIN, the patent infection of males was significantly higher than that of females. In LIN, puppies less than 1 year old were the most prevalent age class. Our serological results showed that the positivity of adult dogs was more frequent in LIN than in MIN. The density of puppies with patent infection was seven times higher in LIN than in MIN, when combining coprological analysis and the estimated age structure obtained by the census.

The effect of Bcr-Abl protein tyrosine kinase on maturation and proliferation of primitive haematopoietic cells.

PubMed Central

Buckle, A. M.; Mottram, R.; Pierce, A.; Lucas, G. S.; Russell, N.; Miyan, J. A.; Whetton, A. D.

2000-01-01

BACKGROUND: Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) is characterised by the chromosomal translocation resulting in expression of the Bcr-Abl protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) in early stem cells and their progeny. However the precise nature of Bcr-Abl effects in primitive CML stem cells remains a matter of active debate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Extremely primitive Bcr-Abl fusion positive cells were purified from patients with CML using multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of CD34, Thy, and lineage marker (Lin) expression, plus rhodamine-123 (Rh-123) brightness. Progenitor cells of increasing maturity were examined for cycling status by flow cytometry and their proliferative status directly correlated with cell phenotype. The activation status of a key transcription factor, signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT-5), was also analyzed by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: The most primitive stem cells currently defined (CD34+Lin-Thy+ Rh-1231o) were present as a lower proportion of the stem cell compartment (CD34+Lin-) of CML patients at presentation than of normal individuals (2.3% +/- 0.4 compared with 5.1% +/- 0.6 respectively). Conversely there was a significantly higher proportion of the more mature cells (CD34+Lin-Thy-Rh-123 hi) in CML patients than in normal individuals (79.3 +/- 1.8 compared with 70.9 +/- 3.3). No primitive subpopulation of CML CD34+Lin- cells was cycling to a significantly greater degree than cells from normal donors, in fact, late progenitor cells (CD34+Lin+) were cycling significantly less in CML samples than normal samples. STAT5, however, was observed to be activated in CML cells. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that no subpopulation of CML stem cells displays significantly increased cell cycling. Thus, increased cycling cannot be a direct consequence of Bcr-Abl PTK acquisition in highly enriched stem cells from patients with CML. In vivo CML need not be considered a disease of unbridled stem cell proliferation, but a subtle defect in the balance between self renewal and maturation. PMID:11126203

Crystal structures of MW1337R and lin2004: Representatives of a novel protein family that adopt a four-helical bundle fold

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kozbial, Piotr; Xu, Qingping; Chiu, Hsiu-Ju

2009-08-28

To extend the structural coverage of proteins with unknown functions, we targeted a novel protein family (Pfam accession number PF08807, DUF1798) for which we proposed and determined the structures of two representative members. The MW1337R gene of Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus Rosenbach (Wood 46) encodes a protein with a molecular weight of 13.8 kDa (residues 1-116) and a calculated isoelectric point of 5.15. The lin2004 gene of the nonspore-forming bacterium Listeria innocua Clip11262 encodes a protein with a molecular weight of 14.6 kDa (residues 1-121) and a calculated isoelectric point of 5.45. MW1337R and lin2004, as well as their homologs,more » which, so far, have been found only in Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Listeria, and related genera (Geobacillus, Exiguobacterium, and Oceanobacillus), have unknown functions and are annotated as hypothetical proteins. The genomic contexts of MW1337R and lin2004 are similar and conserved in related species. In prokaryotic genomes, most often, functionally interacting proteins are coded by genes, which are colocated in conserved operons. Proteins from the same operon as MW1337R and lin2004 either have unknown functions (i.e., belong to DUF1273, Pfam accession number PF06908) or are similar to ypsB from Bacillus subtilis. The function of ypsB is unclear, although it has a strong similarity to the N-terminal region of DivIVA, which was characterized as a bifunctional protein with distinct roles during vegetative growth and sporulation. In addition, members of the DUF1273 family display distant sequence similarity with the DprA/Smf protein, which acts downstream of the DNA uptake machinery, possibly in conjunction with RecA. The RecA activities in Bacillus subtilis are modulated by RecU Holliday-junction resolvase. In all analyzed cases, the gene coding for RecU is in the vicinity of MW1337R, lin2004, or their orthologs, but on a different operon located in the complementary DNA strand. Here, we report the crystal structures of MW1337R and lin2004, which were determined using the semiautomated, high-throughput pipeline of the Joint Center for Structural Genomics (JCSG), part of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences Protein Structure Initiative.« less

Diamond in 3-D

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-08-20

This 3-D, microscopic imager mosaic of a target area on a rock called Diamond Jenness was taken after NASA Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity ground into the surface with its rock abrasion tool for a second time. 3D glasses are necessary.

Can teaching hospitals use serial formative OSCEs to improve student performance?

PubMed

Lien, Heng-Hui; Hsu, Sang-Feng; Chen, Shu-Chen; Yeh, Jiann-Horng

2016-10-14

We report on interns' clinical competence and experiences of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) training program over 3 years. We aimed to determine whether repeated formative OSCEs allow teaching hospitals to improve the effectiveness of clinical training and help interns to achieve high scores in the national summative OSCE. This study included 207 participants, among whom 82 were interns who had completed four mock OSCEs and a national OSCE at the clinical center of Cathay General Hospital (CGH). The other 125 participants were final-year medical students from Fu-Jen University who had completed the national OSCE between 2013 and 2015 at one of four teaching hospitals (including CGH). CGH interns were categorized into three groups according to the medical school attended and Fu-Jen University students were grouped according to their training hospitals. CGH held four mock OSCEs (30 stations), whereas each of the four training hospitals for Fu-Jen students each held one or two OSCEs (6-12 stations) annually. Differences in the mean OSCE scores among groups were analyzed. The medical school attended, pre-internship OSCE experience and the frequency of mock OSCEs held by training hospitals were independent factors in this study. The cumulative mean scores for five OSCEs among three groups of students trained at CGH tended to increase from the first OSCE (OSCE1) to the fifth (OSCE5). The mean score of the students who attended Fu-Jen Medical School was higher than that of students who graduated from foreign medical schools in all five OSCEs; however, the differences were significant only for OSCE2 (P = 0.022) and OSCE3 (P = 0.027). The mean national OSCE scores of FJU students showed no statistically significant differences among the four training hospitals for 2013; however, students training at CGH had significantly higher mean scores in the 2014 (P = 0.001) and 2015 (P = 0.005) OSCEs compared with students training at the other three hospitals. Serial administration of formative OSCEs by teaching hospitals enhances the performance of students on the sequential summative OSCE. Such programs provide multiple opportunities for students to practice their clinical skills, and for faculty to develop their teaching, assessment and consensus building skills.

The Value of SCMC in SLA: Comments on Lin, Huang & Liou (2013)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Alan M.

2014-01-01

Meta-analytic methods are often used to determine the effectiveness of certain treatments across studies. However, we are often unaware of how a meta-analysis can provide value to researchers and practitioners. This paper offers a brief commentary on a meta-analysis conducted by Lin, Huang and Liou (2013) in LLT, providing further statistical…

Wide area Hyperspectral Motion Imaging

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-02-03

LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02420-9108 (781) 981-1343 3 February 2017 TO: FROM: Dr. Joseph Lin (joseph.lin@ll.mit.edu), Advanced Imager ...Technology SUBJECT: Wide-area Hyperspectral Motion Imaging Introduction Wide-area motion imaging (WAMI) has received increased attention in...fielded imaging spectrometers use either dispersive or interferometric techniques. A dispersive spectrometer uses a grating or prism to disperse the

Steep cut slope composting : field trials and evaluation : project summary report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-04-01

This project is a continuation of earlier work performed by Montana State University (Jennings et al. 2007) evaluating compost application on, and incorporation into, soils on steep cut slopes for the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT). The e...

Human Robotic Study at Houghton Crater - virtual reality study from NASA Ames (FFC) Future Fight

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

Human Robotic Study at Houghton Crater - virtual reality study from NASA Ames (FFC) Future Fight Central simulator tower L-R: Dr Geoffrey Briggs; Jen Jasper (seated); Dr Jan Akins and Mr. Tony Gross, Ames

Outrunning Asthma - Rashad Jennings | NIH MedlinePlus the Magazine

MedlinePlus

... More MedlinePlus: Asthma National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute NIBIB-Supported Study NHALES Study Allergy and Asthma Foundation of America Fall 2017 Issue: Volume 12 Number ...

AGU Publications Volunteers Feted At Elegant Editors' Evening

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Panning, Jeanette

2013-01-01

The 2012 Fall Meeting Editors' Evening, held at the City Club of San Francisco, was hosted by the Publications Committee and is the premier social event for editors and associate editors attending the Fall Meeting. The evening commenced with a welcome from Carol Finn, incoming AGU president, in which she expressed her thanks to the editors and associate editors for volunteering their time to benefit AGU.

New Opportunities and Challenges for Taiwan’s Security

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

of a Center for Strategic and International Studies project on CBMs, especially essays by Bonnie Glaser and Brad Glosserman. As one might expect...any near-term efforts to do so in official cross-Strait negotiations. If It Ain’t Broke, Don’t Fix It The ironic lyric that began this paper was...www.beyondintractability.org/ essay /ripeness Zhai Kun, “Junshi huanxin jizhi yu liang’an de heping fazhan” [“Military Confidence Building Mechanisms and the Peaceful

[Features of Professor Ma Kun's medication in treating ovulatory infertility].

PubMed

Tong, Ya-Jing; Zhang, Hui-Xian; Chen, Yan-Xia; Dong, Mei-Ling; Ma, Kun

2017-12-01

In order to analyze Professor Ma Kun's medication in treating anovulatory infertility, her prescriptions for treating anovulatory infertility in 2012-2015 were collected. The medication features and the regularity of prescriptions were mined by using traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system, association rules, complex system entropy clustering and other mining methods. Finally, a total of 684 prescriptions and 300 kinds of herbs were screened out, with a total frequency of 11 156 times; And 68 core combinations and 8 new prescriptions were mined. The top three frequently used herbs by effect were respectively tonic herb, blood circulation promoting herb, and Qi-circulation promoting herb. The top three tastes were sweetness, bitterness and pungent flavor. The results showed 28 herbs with a high frequency of ≥100.The top 10 frequently used herbs were respectively Angelica Sinensis Radix, Cyperi Rhizoma, Chuanxiong Rhizome, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Cyathulae Radix, Taxilli Herba, Cuscutae Semen, Codonopsis Radix, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, Paeoniae Albaand Paeoniae Radix Alba. The association rules analysis showed commonly used herbal pairs, including Rehmanniae Radix Preparata-Chuanxiong Rhizome, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata-Angelica Sinensis Radix, Cuscutae Semen-Dipsaci Radix. In conclusion, Professor Ma has treated anovulatory infertility by nourishing the kidney and activating blood throughout the treatment course, and attached the importance to the relationship between Qi and blood and there gulation of liver, spleen and kidney in treating anovulatory infertility. Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Natural exposure of horses to mosquito-borne flaviviruses in south-east Queensland, Australia.

PubMed

Prow, Natalie A; Tan, Cindy S E; Wang, Wenqi; Hobson-Peters, Jody; Kidd, Lisa; Barton, Anita; Wright, John; Hall, Roy A; Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle

2013-09-17

In 2011 an unprecedented epidemic of equine encephalitis occurred in south-eastern (SE) Australia following heavy rainfall and severe flooding in the preceding 2-4 months. Less than 6% of the documented cases occurred in Queensland, prompting the question of pre-existing immunity in Queensland horses. A small-scale serological survey was conducted on horses residing in one of the severely flood-affected areas of SE-Queensland. Using a flavivirus-specific blocking-ELISA we found that 63% (39/62) of horses older than 3 years were positive for flavivirus antibodies, and of these 18% (7/38) had neutralizing antibodies to Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV), Kunjin virus (WNV(KUN)) and/or Alfuy virus (ALFV). The remainder had serum-neutralizing antibodies to viruses in the Kokobera virus (KOKV) complex or antibodies to unknown/untested flaviviruses. Amongst eight yearlings one presented with clinical MVEV-encephalomyelitis, while another, clinically normal, had MVEV-neutralizing antibodies. The remaining six yearlings were flavivirus antibody negative. Of 19 foals born between August and November 2011 all were flavivirus antibody negative in January 2012. This suggests that horses in the area acquire over time active immunity to a range of flaviviruses. Nevertheless, the relatively infrequent seropositivity to MVEV, WNV(KUN) and ALFV (15%) suggests that factors other than pre-existing immunity may have contributed to the low incidence of arboviral disease in SE-Queensland horses during the 2011 epidemic.

Physical Science Rocks! Outreach for Elementary Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKone, Kevin

2010-01-01

Students at Copiah-Lincoln Community College (Co-Lin) have been hesitant to take courses in the physical sciences, mostly because of a lack of exposure to them in K-12 or a bad experience in this area. The college is addressing this need by exposing students to the physical sciences early on in their education. The science division at Co-Lin has…

Photonic-Networks-on-Chip for High Performance Radiation Survivable Multi-Core Processor Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

Loss Spectra” Proceedings of SPIE 8255, (2012) and in a journal publication: M. T. Crowley, D. Murrell, N. Patel, M. Breivik , C.-Y. Lin, Y. Li, B.-O...Crowley, D. Murrell, N. Patel, M. Breivik , C.-Y. Lin, Y. Li, B.-O. Fimland and L. F. Lester, "Analytical Modeling of the Temperature Performance of

Building a Rapid Learning Health Care System for Oncology: Why CancerLinQ Collects Identifiable Health Information to Achieve Its Vision.

PubMed

Shah, Alaap; Stewart, Andrew K; Kolacevski, Andrej; Michels, Dina; Miller, Robert

2016-03-01

The ever-increasing volume of scientific discoveries, clinical knowledge, novel diagnostic tools, and treatment options juxtaposed with rising costs in health care challenge physicians to identify, prioritize, and use new information rapidly to deliver efficient and high-quality care to a growing and aging patient population. CancerLinQ, a rapid learning health care system in oncology, is an initiative of the American Society of Clinical Oncology and its Institute for Quality that addresses these challenges by collecting information from the electronic health records of large numbers of patients with cancer. CancerLinQ is first and foremost a quality measurement and reporting system through which oncologists can harness the depth and power of their patients' clinical records and other data to assess, monitor, and improve the care they deliver. However, in light of privacy and security concerns with regard to collection, use, and disclosure of patient information, this article addresses the need to collect protected health information as defined under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 to drive rapid learning through CancerLinQ. © 2016 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Effects of acerola fruit extract on sensory and shelf-life of salted beef patties from grinds differing in fatty acid composition.

PubMed

Realini, C E; Guàrdia, M D; Díaz, I; García-Regueiro, J A; Arnau, J

2015-01-01

The effects of added acerola fruit extract on sensory and shelf-life of beef patties were evaluated. Ground beef was obtained from young bulls fed one of four diets (CON: control, LIN: linseed, CLA: conjugated linoleic acid, LINCLA: LIN plus CLA). Pre-salted (1.8% w/w) beef patties (7.7% fat) with (0.15% w/w) or without acerola were packed in modified atmosphere (80%O2:20%CO2) and displayed in a retail case for 8days. There were no interactions between diet and antioxidant treatments. LIN and/or CLA had no effect on color and lipid stability during display. However, LIN increased n-3 fatty acids in beef and tended to increase intensity of rancid flavor. Addition of acerola extended shelf-life by at least 3 days by improving color and lipid stability and a decreased trend in intensity of rancid flavor of patties without affecting microbial counts. Thus, the use of acerola as a natural antioxidant can be considered an effective method to retard color and lipid oxidation in beef patties. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

LIN-12/Notch signaling instructs postsynaptic muscle arm development by regulating UNC-40/DCC and MADD-2 in Caenorhabditis elegans

PubMed Central

Li, Pengpeng; Collins, Kevin M; Koelle, Michael R; Shen, Kang

2013-01-01

The diverse cell types and the precise synaptic connectivity between them are the cardinal features of the nervous system. Little is known about how cell fate diversification is linked to synaptic target choices. Here we investigate how presynaptic neurons select one type of muscles, vm2, as a synaptic target and form synapses on its dendritic spine-like muscle arms. We found that the Notch-Delta pathway was required to distinguish target from non-target muscles. APX-1/Delta acts in surrounding cells including the non-target vm1 to activate LIN-12/Notch in the target vm2. LIN-12 functions cell-autonomously to up-regulate the expression of UNC-40/DCC and MADD-2 in vm2, which in turn function together to promote muscle arm formation and guidance. Ectopic expression of UNC-40/DCC in non-target vm1 muscle is sufficient to induce muscle arm extension from these cells. Therefore, the LIN-12/Notch signaling specifies target selection by selectively up-regulating guidance molecules and forming muscle arms in target cells. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00378.001 PMID:23539368

Metabolomics of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) transformation: ratio of LinA to LinB determines metabolic fate of HCH isomers.

PubMed

Geueke, Birgit; Garg, Nidhi; Ghosh, Sneha; Fleischmann, Thomas; Holliger, Christof; Lal, Rup; Kohler, Hans-Peter E

2013-04-01

Although the production and use of technical hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and lindane (the purified insecticidal isomer γ-HCH) are prohibited in most countries, residual concentrations still constitute an immense environmental burden. Many studies describe the mineralization of γ-HCH by bacterial strains under aerobic conditions. However, the metabolic fate of the other HCH isomers is not well known. In this study, we investigated the transformation of α-, β-, γ-, δ-, ε-HCH, and a heptachlorocyclohexane isomer in the presence of varying ratios of the two enzymes that initiate γ-HCH degradation, a dehydrochlorinase (LinA) and a haloalkane dehalogenase (LinB). Each substrate yielded a unique metabolic profile that was strongly dependent on the enzyme ratio. Comparison of these results to those of in vivo experiments with different bacterial isolates showed that HCH transformation in the tested strains was highly optimized towards productive metabolism of γ-HCH and that under these conditions other HCH-isomers were metabolized to mixtures of dehydrochlorinated and hydroxylated side-products. In view of these results, bioremediation efforts need very careful planning and toxicities of accumulating metabolites need to be evaluated. © 2012 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Functional relevance of “seed” and “non-seed” sequences in microRNA-mediated promotion of C. elegans developmental progression

PubMed Central

Zhang, Huibin; Artiles, Karen L.; Fire, Andrew Z.

2015-01-01

The founding heterochronic microRNAs, lin-4 and let-7, together with their validated targets and well-characterized phenotypes in C. elegans, offer an opportunity to test functionality of microRNAs in a developmental context. In this study, we defined sequence requirements at the microRNA level for these two microRNAs, evaluating lin-4 and let-7 mutant microRNAs for their ability to support temporal development under conditions where the wild-type lin-4 and let-7 gene products are absent. For lin-4, we found a strong requirement for seed sequences, with function drastically affected by several central mutations in the seed sequence, while rescue was retained by a set of mutations peripheral to the seed. let-7 rescuing activity was retained to a surprising degree by a variety of central seed mutations, while several non-seed mutant effects support potential noncanonical contributions to let-7 function. Taken together, this work illustrates both the functional partnership between seed and non-seed sequences in mediating C. elegans temporal development and a diversity among microRNA effectors in the contributions of seed and non-seed regions to activity. PMID:26385508

78 FR 61352 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-03

... shares of FirstSecure Bank and Trust Company, Palos Hill, IL. B. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis..., Julie Jennings, Lone Tree, Colorado, and R. Will Isham, Gordon, Nebraska, in their individual capacities...

Bridenstine Sworn In As NASA Administrator

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-04-23

NASA Associate Administrator for the Office of Communications Jen Rae Wang introduces Jim Bridenstine and Vice President Mike Pence ahead of Bridenstine being sworn in as the 13th NASA Administrator, Monday, April 23, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Trial

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bryant, Jen

2004-01-01

Growing up in Flemington, New Jersey, put Jen Bryant in the heart of the lore behind the Lindbergh baby kidnapping. Family stories of the events of the day and extensive research led to "The Trial," a novel in verse. The first several parts of this novel are included here.

The effect of some organic substances on the mycelium of the fungus Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr.

PubMed

Krátká, J

1976-01-01

Research was performed for studying the effect of some organic compounds, considered by many authors as the products ob barley seed metabolism generated after anaerobic seed treatment, on the mycelium of the fungus Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr. The author examined the effectiveness of ethylacohol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, and hydroquinone in concentrations from 1 M to 10(-6) M, and the effectiveness of extracts from disinfected seeds in doses from 10 g to 0.001 g/l. The effect of the mentioned solutions was examined as exerted on the growth of dicaryotic mycelium and on the growth of the haploid promycelium of the fungus. The dicaryotic mycelium of Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr. was cultivated on potato agar with benzoic acid. The presence of the acid prevents mitosis, and the chlamydospores germinate on the nutritive medium with two fibres having binuclear cells. The haploid promycelium was cultivated on potato agar; chlamydospores germinated with one four-cell fibre, and individual cells are mononuclear and haploid. Only later, a dicarytic mycelium is created in a complex process. In all the substances used, the concentration of 1 M was found to stop further growth of mycelium. The concentration of 10(-1) M of acetic acid and hydroquinone also stopped growth, the same concentration of acetaldehyde, lactic acid, succinic acid, ethylacohol stimulated mycelium growth in comparison with the control. The concentration of 10(-6) M stimulated mycelium growth in a majority of cases. Extracts from disinfected seeds did not influence mycelium growth significantly in all cases in comparison with the control. The results were similar in the two types of mycelium.

Occupational exposure to ionising radiation and mortality among workers of the former Spanish Nuclear Energy Board.

PubMed Central

Rodríguez Artalejo, F; Castaño Lara, S; de Andrés Manzano, B; García Ferruelo, M; Iglesias Martín, L; Calero, J R

1997-01-01

OBJECTIVES: Firstly, to ascertain whether mortality among workers of the former Spanish Nuclear Energy Board (Junta de Energía Nuclear-JEN) was higher than that for the Spanish population overall; and secondly, if this were so, to ascertain whether this difference was associated with exposure to ionising radiation. METHODS: A retrospective follow up of a cohort of 5657 workers was carried out for the period 1954-92. Cohort mortality was compared with that for the Spanish population overall, with standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) adjusted for sex, age, and calendar period. Also, Poisson models were used to analyse mortality from lung cancer in the cohort by level of exposure to ionising radiation. RESULTS: Workers' median and mean cumulative exposures were 4.04 and 11.42 mSv, respectively. Mean annual exposure was 1.33 mSv. Excess mortality due to bone tumours was found for the cohort as a whole (six deaths observed; SMR 2.95; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.08 to 6.43). Among miners, excess mortality was found for non-malignant respiratory diseases (SMR 2.94; 95% CI 2.27 to 3.75), and for lung cancer bordering on statistical significance (SMR 1.50; 95% CI 0.96 to 2.23; P = 0.055). Relative risks of dying of lung cancer from ionising radiation in the dose quartiles 2, 3, and 4 versus the lowest dose quartile, were 1.00, 1.64, and 0.94, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Excess mortality from lung cancer was found among JEN miners. Nevertheless, no clear relation was found between mortality from lung cancer and level of exposure to ionising radiation in the JEN cohort. Continued follow up of the cohort is required to confirm excess mortality from bone tumours. PMID:9155782

Reflecting on Jens Rasmussen's legacy (2) behind and beyond, a 'constructivist turn'.

PubMed

Le Coze, Jean-Christophe

2017-03-01

This article is the second part of a study on the legacy of Jens Rasmussen. The first article, subtitled 'A Strong Program for a Hard Problem', looks back on his 30 years of scientific contribution, from 1969 to 2000. This second article explores and investigates some of the intellectual roots which influenced his thinking, using them as a basis to understand some limits and move forward. Indeed, historically oriented studies such as this one are not only tributes to researchers, but a way to differentiate and contrast our present situation with the past in order to integrate contemporary trends, be they theoretical or empirical, or oriented towards research and new models. In the first section of this article, I offer a synthesis of the background covered in the previous article, but I use a tree here as a graphical complement. Branches of the tree show the many fruitful directions opened by Jens Rasmussen, directions which inspired many researchers. In the second part, I address what I believe to be behind this wealth of engineering legacy: cybernetics. I contend that cybernetics has had a profound influence on his thinking and provided him key principles for his inspiring and successful models. To develop the tree image, one might say that cybernetics is the trunk of the tree. Finally, in the third part, I take the opportunity to explore the relevance of extending and sensitising his program to constructivist discourses. After an introduction to this discourse, identifying four types of constructivisms (cognitive, social, epistemological and anthropological), I characterise this move as a 'constructivist turn'. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Occupational exposure to ionising radiation and mortality among workers of the former Spanish Nuclear Energy Board.

PubMed

Rodríguez Artalejo, F; Castaño Lara, S; de Andrés Manzano, B; García Ferruelo, M; Iglesias Martín, L; Calero, J R

1997-03-01

Firstly, to ascertain whether mortality among workers of the former Spanish Nuclear Energy Board (Junta de Energía Nuclear-JEN) was higher than that for the Spanish population overall; and secondly, if this were so, to ascertain whether this difference was associated with exposure to ionising radiation. A retrospective follow up of a cohort of 5657 workers was carried out for the period 1954-92. Cohort mortality was compared with that for the Spanish population overall, with standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) adjusted for sex, age, and calendar period. Also, Poisson models were used to analyse mortality from lung cancer in the cohort by level of exposure to ionising radiation. Workers' median and mean cumulative exposures were 4.04 and 11.42 mSv, respectively. Mean annual exposure was 1.33 mSv. Excess mortality due to bone tumours was found for the cohort as a whole (six deaths observed; SMR 2.95; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.08 to 6.43). Among miners, excess mortality was found for non-malignant respiratory diseases (SMR 2.94; 95% CI 2.27 to 3.75), and for lung cancer bordering on statistical significance (SMR 1.50; 95% CI 0.96 to 2.23; P = 0.055). Relative risks of dying of lung cancer from ionising radiation in the dose quartiles 2, 3, and 4 versus the lowest dose quartile, were 1.00, 1.64, and 0.94, respectively. Excess mortality from lung cancer was found among JEN miners. Nevertheless, no clear relation was found between mortality from lung cancer and level of exposure to ionising radiation in the JEN cohort. Continued follow up of the cohort is required to confirm excess mortality from bone tumours.

Conflicts of interest of editors of medical journals

PubMed Central

Minhajuddin, Abu

2018-01-01

Background Almost all medical journals now require authors to publicly disclose conflicts of interests (COI). The same standard and scrutiny is rarely employed for the editors of the journals although COI may affect editorial decisions. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study to determine the prevalence and magnitude of financial relationships among editors of 60 influential US medical journals (10 each for internal medicine and five subspecialties: cardiology, gastroenterology, neurology, dermatology and allergy & immunology). Open Payments database was reviewed to determine the percentage of physician editors receiving payments and the nature and amount of these payments. Findings 703 unique physician editors were included in our analysis. 320/703 (46%) received 8659 general payments totaling $8,120,562. The median number of payments per editor was 9 (IQR 3–26) and the median amount per payment was $91 (IQR $21–441). The median total payment received by each editor in one year was $4,364 (IQR $319–23,143). 152 (48%) editors received payments more than $5,000 in a year, a threshold considered significant by the National Institutes of Health. COI policies for editors were available for 34/60 (57%) journals but only 7/34 (21%) publicly reported the disclosures and only 2 (3.%) reported the dollar amount received. Interpretation A significant number of editors of internal medicine and subspecialty medical journals have financial COI and very few are publicly disclosed. Specialty journal editors have more COI compared to general medicine journal editors. Current policies for disclosing COI for editors are inconsistent and do not comply with the recommended standards. PMID:29775468

New Editors Appointed for Sections of Journal of Geophysical Research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2009-04-01

New editors have been appointed for the Atmospheres, Biogeosciences, and Oceans sections of the Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR). Joost de Gouw (NOAA, Boulder, Colo.) and Renyi Zhang (Texas A&M, College Station) are filling the vacancies of retiring Atmospheres section editors John Austin and Jose Fuentes. De Gouw and Zhang join the continuing editors Steven Ghan and Yinon Rudich. Sara Pryor (Indiana University, Bloomington) is joining the Atmospheres section editorial board as an associate editor now; she will transition to editor in January 2010.

Geographic extension of an uneven-aged, multi-species matrix growth model for northern hardwood forests

Treesearch

Audra E. Kolbe; Joseph Buongiorno; Michael Vasievich

1999-01-01

The objective of this study was to update and extend the geographic range of a forest growth model for northern hardwoods, developed previously with data from the fourth Wisconsin inventory (Lin et al., 1996. Ecol. Model., 91: 193-211.). To this end, Lin's model was recalibrated with data from the recent fifth inventory of Wisconsin and Michigan, and with the...

Bridenstine Sworn In As NASA Administrator

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-04-23

NASA Associate Administrator for the Office of Communications Jen Rae Wang greets Vice President Mike Pence after introducing him prior to the swearing-in of Jim Bridenstine as the 13th NASA Administrator, Monday, April 23, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Catalyst. Volume 11, Number 2, Spring 2010

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ryan, Barbara E., Ed.

2010-01-01

"Catalyst" is a publication of the U.S. Department of Education's Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention. This issue contains the following articles: (1) Redefining Resources For Prevention; (2) Message From Kevin Jennings, OSDFS Assistant Deputy Secretary; (3) Environmental Management…

Our People | NREL

Science.gov Websites

Our People Our People NRELians are scientists, research technicians, engineers, analysts, managers clerical/administrative support specialists. Meet some of our research staff below or read about them in the news. NREL researcher shown half in the laboratory and half in downtown Denver. Meet Jen

Reducing Poverty through Preschool Interventions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duncan, Greg J.; Ludwig, Jens; Magnuson, Katherine A.

2007-01-01

Greg Duncan, Jens Ludwig, and Katherine Magnuson explain how providing high-quality care to disadvantaged preschool children can help reduce poverty. In early childhood, they note, children's cognitive and socioemotional skills develop rapidly and are sensitive to "inputs" from parents, home learning environments, child care settings, and the…

A Synthetic Lethal Screen Identifies a Role for Lin-44/Wnt in C. elegans Embryogenesis.

PubMed

Hartin, Samantha N; Hudson, Martin L; Yingling, Curtis; Ackley, Brian D

2015-01-01

The C. elegans proteins PTP-3/LAR-RPTP and SDN-1/Syndecan are conserved cell adhesion molecules. Loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in either ptp-3 or sdn-1 result in low penetrance embryonic developmental defects. Work from other systems has shown that syndecans can function as ligands for LAR receptors in vivo. We used double mutant analysis to test whether ptp-3 and sdn-1 function in a linear genetic pathway during C. elegans embryogenesis. We found animals with LOF in both sdn-1 and ptp-3 exhibited a highly penetrant synthetic lethality (SynLet), with only a small percentage of animals surviving to adulthood. Analysis of the survivors demonstrated that these animals had a synergistic increase in the penetrance of embryonic developmental defects. Together, these data strongly suggested PTP-3 and SDN-1 function in parallel during embryogenesis. We subsequently used RNAi to knockdown ~3,600 genes predicted to encode secreted and/or transmembrane molecules to identify genes that interacted with ptp-3 or sdn-1. We found that the Wnt ligand, lin-44, was SynLet with sdn-1, but not ptp-3. We used 4-dimensional time-lapse analysis to characterize the interaction between lin-44 and sdn-1. We found evidence that loss of lin-44 caused defects in the polarization and migration of endodermal precursors during gastrulation, a previously undescribed role for lin-44 that is strongly enhanced by the loss of sdn-1. PTP-3 and SDN-1 function in compensatory pathways during C. elegans embryonic and larval development, as simultaneous loss of both genes has dire consequences for organismal survival. The Wnt ligand lin-44 contributes to the early stages of gastrulation in parallel to sdn-1, but in a genetic pathway with ptp-3. Overall, the SynLet phenotype provides a robust platform to identify ptp-3 and sdn-1 interacting genes, as well as other genes that function in development, yet might be missed in traditional forward genetic screens.

A Synthetic Lethal Screen Identifies a Role for Lin-44/Wnt in C. elegans Embryogenesis

PubMed Central

Hartin, Samantha N.; Hudson, Martin L.; Yingling, Curtis; Ackley, Brian D.

2015-01-01

Background The C. elegans proteins PTP-3/LAR-RPTP and SDN-1/Syndecan are conserved cell adhesion molecules. Loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in either ptp-3 or sdn-1 result in low penetrance embryonic developmental defects. Work from other systems has shown that syndecans can function as ligands for LAR receptors in vivo. We used double mutant analysis to test whether ptp-3 and sdn-1 function in a linear genetic pathway during C. elegans embryogenesis. Results We found animals with LOF in both sdn-1 and ptp-3 exhibited a highly penetrant synthetic lethality (SynLet), with only a small percentage of animals surviving to adulthood. Analysis of the survivors demonstrated that these animals had a synergistic increase in the penetrance of embryonic developmental defects. Together, these data strongly suggested PTP-3 and SDN-1 function in parallel during embryogenesis. We subsequently used RNAi to knockdown ~3,600 genes predicted to encode secreted and/or transmembrane molecules to identify genes that interacted with ptp-3 or sdn-1. We found that the Wnt ligand, lin-44, was SynLet with sdn-1, but not ptp-3. We used 4-dimensional time-lapse analysis to characterize the interaction between lin-44 and sdn-1. We found evidence that loss of lin-44 caused defects in the polarization and migration of endodermal precursors during gastrulation, a previously undescribed role for lin-44 that is strongly enhanced by the loss of sdn-1. Conclusions PTP-3 and SDN-1 function in compensatory pathways during C. elegans embryonic and larval development, as simultaneous loss of both genes has dire consequences for organismal survival. The Wnt ligand lin-44 contributes to the early stages of gastrulation in parallel to sdn-1, but in a genetic pathway with ptp-3. Overall, the SynLet phenotype provides a robust platform to identify ptp-3 and sdn-1 interacting genes, as well as other genes that function in development, yet might be missed in traditional forward genetic screens. PMID:25938228

KSC-03PD-3146

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2003-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. The Honorable Toni Jennings (left), lieutenant governor of the state of Florida, and Frank T. Brogan, president of Florida Atlantic University, receive a briefing on the research that will be conducted in the Space Life Sciences Lab from Dr. Robert J. Ferl (right), director of Space Agriculture Biotechnology Research and Education (SABRE), University of Florida. Jennings and Brogan are speaking at a dedication and ribbon-cutting ceremony for the lab hosted by NASA-Kennedy Space Center and the state of Florida at the new lab. Completed in August, the facility encompasses more than 100,000 square feet and was formerly known as the Space Experiment Research and Processing Laboratory or SERPL. The state, through the Florida Space Authority, built the research lab which is host to NASA, NASAs Life Sciences Services contractor Dynamac Corp., Bionetics Corp., and researchers from the University of Florida. Dynamac Corp. leases the facility. The Florida Space Research Institute is responsible for gaining additional tenants from outside the NASA community.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - NASA leaders discuss the Agency’s One NASA initiative with selected employees at the KSC Visitor Complex IMAX Theater®. From left are KSC Director Jim Kennedy; James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-08-20

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - NASA leaders discuss the Agency’s One NASA initiative with selected employees at the KSC Visitor Complex IMAX Theater®. From left are KSC Director Jim Kennedy; James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

Carboxylic Acids Plasma Membrane Transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PubMed

Casal, Margarida; Queirós, Odília; Talaia, Gabriel; Ribas, David; Paiva, Sandra

2016-01-01

This chapter covers the functionally characterized plasma membrane carboxylic acids transporters Jen1, Ady2, Fps1 and Pdr12 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, addressing also their homologues in other microorganisms, as filamentous fungi and bacteria. Carboxylic acids can either be transported into the cells, to be used as nutrients, or extruded in response to acid stress conditions. The secondary active transporters Jen1 and Ady2 can mediate the uptake of the anionic form of these substrates by a H(+)-symport mechanism. The undissociated form of carboxylic acids is lipid-soluble, crossing the plasma membrane by simple diffusion. Furthermore, acetic acid can also be transported by facilitated diffusion via Fps1 channel. At the cytoplasmic physiological pH, the anionic form of the acid prevails and it can be exported by the Pdr12 pump. This review will highlight the mechanisms involving carboxylic acids transporters, and the way they operate according to the yeast cell response to environmental changes, as carbon source availability, extracellular pH and acid stress conditions.

Journal Editors Celebrated at Editors' Evening

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Panning, Jeanette

2014-02-01

At the Fall Meeting, the premiere social event for AGU's many journal editors is the annual Editors' Evening, an opportunity for members to celebrate and to recognize the efforts of retiring editors. At the event, AGU president Carol Finn welcomed all those in attendance and thanked them for volunteering their time for the benefit of AGU and the wider research community.

Examining Editor-Author Ethics: Real-World Scenarios from Interviews with Three Journal Editors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amare, Nicole; Manning, Alan

2009-01-01

Those who submit manuscripts to academic journals may benefit from a better understanding of how editors weigh ethics in their interactions with authors. In an attempt to ascertain and to understand editors' ethics, we interviewed 3 current academic journal editors of technical and/or business communication journals. We asked them about the…

Phase Transitions on Surfaces. An International Conference. Abstracts and Program, 3-7 August 1981, Orono, Maine.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-04-16

P. J. Estrup Chemisorption-Induced Phase Transitions and Adatom Interactions on GaAs(110) P. Skeath, C. Y. Su, P. W. Chye , I. Lindau and W. E. Spicer...Transitions and Adatom Interactions on GaAs(ll0)* Perry Skeath, C. Y. Su, P. W. Chye , I Lindau, and W. E. Spicer Stanford Electronics Labs Stanford...ORDER PHASE TRANSITIONS* P. KLEBAN and CHIN -KUN HU, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology University of

Lower Oncogenic Potential of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Cord Blood Compared to Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

PubMed Central

Foroutan, T.; Najmi, M.; Kazemi, N.; Hasanlou, M.; Pedram, A.

2015-01-01

Background: In regenerative medicine, use of each of the mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, cord blood, and adipose tissue, has several cons and pros. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from cord blood have been considered the best source for precursor transplantation. Direct reprogramming of a somatic cell into induced pluripotent stem cells by over-expression of 6 transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, lin28, Nanog, and c-Myc has great potential for regenerative medicine, eliminating the ethical issues of embryonic stem cells and the rejection problems of using non-autologous cells. Objective: To compare reprogramming and pluripotent markers OCT4, Sox-2, c-Myc, Klf4, Nanog, and lin28 in mesenchymal stem cells derived from cord blood and induced pluripotent stem cells. Methods: We analyzed the expression level of OCT4, Sox-2, c-Myc, Klf4, Nanog and lin28 genes in human mesenchymal stem cells derived from cord blood and induced pluripotent stem cells by cell culture and RT-PCR. Results: The expression level of pluripotent genes OCT4 and Sox-2, Nanog and lin28 in mesenchymal stem cells derived from cord blood were significantly higher than those in induced pluripotent stem cells. In contrast to OCT-4A and Sox-2, Nanog and lin28, the expression level of oncogenic factors c-Myc and Klf4 were significantly higher in induced pluripotent stem cells than in mesenchymal stem cells derived from cord blood. Conclusion: It could be concluded that mesenchymal stem cells derived from human cord blood have lower oncogenic potential compared to induced pluripotent stem cells. PMID:26306155

Effects of anti-androgens cyproterone acetate, linuron, vinclozolin, and p,p'-DDE on the reproductive organs of the copepod Acartia tonsa.

PubMed

Watermann, Burkard T; Albanis, Triantafyllos A; Galassi, Silvana; Gnass, Katarina; Kusk, Kresten O; Sakkas, Vasilios A; Wollenberger, Leah

2016-11-09

The study was performed to detect the effects of anti-androgenic compounds on the reproduction. In this paper alterations observed in the marine calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa exposed to environmental concentrations of cyproterone acetate (CPA), linuron (LIN), vinclozolin (VIN), and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) for 21 days covering a full life cycle are described. Histological alterations were studied with a focus on reproductive organs, gonad and accessory sexual glands. Exposure to ≥1.2 µg L(-1) CPA caused degeneration of spermatocytes and deformation of the spermatophore in males. In a single male exposed to 33 µg L(-1) CPA, an ovotestis was observed. In CPA exposed females, enhancement of oogenesis, increase in apoptosis and a decrease in proliferation occurred. Exposure of males to ≥12 µg L(-1) LIN caused degenerative effects in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids, and at 4.7 µg L(-1) LIN, the spermatophore wall displayed an irregular formation. In LIN exposed females, no such structural alterations were found; however, the proliferation index was reduced at 29 µg L(-1) LIN. At an exposure concentration of ≥100 µg L(-1) VIN, distinct areas in male gonad were stimulated, whereas others displayed a disturbed spermatogenesis and a deformed spermatophore wall. In VIN exposed female A. tonsa, no effects were observed. Male A. tonsa exposed to p,p'-DDE displayed an impairment of spermatogenesis in all stages with increased degrees of apoptosis. In p,p'-DDE-exposed females, a statistical significant increase of the proliferation index and an intensification of oogenesis were observed at 0.0088 µg L(-1).

Integrative taxonomy of Leptonetela spiders (Araneae, Leptonetidae), with descriptions of 46 new species

PubMed Central

Wang, Chun-Xia; Xu, Xin; Li, Shu-Qiang

2017-01-01

Extreme environments, such as subterranean habitats, are suspected to be responsible for morphologically inseparable cryptic or sibling species and can bias biodiversity assessment. A DNA barcode is a short, standardized DNA sequence used for taxonomic purposes and has the potential to lessen the challenges presented by a biotic inventory. Here, we investigate the diversity of the genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978 that is endemic to karst systems in Eurasia using DNA barcoding. We analyzed 624 specimens using one mitochondrial gene fragment (COI). The results show that DNA barcoding is an efficient and rapid species identification method in this genus. DNA barcoding gap and automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) analyses indicated the existence of 90 species, a result consistent with previous taxonomic hypotheses, and supported the existence of extreme male pedipalpal tibial spine and median apophysis polymorphism in Leptonetela species, with direct implications for the taxonomy of the group and its diversity. Based on the molecular and morphological evidence, we delimit and diagnose 90 Leptonetela species, including the type species Leptonetela kanellisi(Deeleman-Reinhold, 1971). Forty-six of them are previously undescribed. The female of Leptonetela zhai Wang & Li, 2011 is reported for the first time. Leptonetela tianxinensis (Tong & Li, 2008) comb. nov. is transferred from the genus Leptoneta Simon, 1872;the genus Guineta Lin & Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela; Leptonetela gigachela(Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. is transferred from Guineta. The genus Sinoneta Lin & Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela; Leptonetela notabilis(Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. and Leptonetela sexdigiti(Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. are transferred from Sinoneta; Leptonetela sanchahe Wang & Li nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for Sinoneta palmata(Chen et al, 2010) because Leptonetela palmata is preoccupied. PMID:29280363

Lin- CD34hi CD117int/hi FcεRI+ cells in human blood constitute a rare population of mast cell progenitors.

PubMed

Dahlin, Joakim S; Malinovschi, Andrei; Öhrvik, Helena; Sandelin, Martin; Janson, Christer; Alving, Kjell; Hallgren, Jenny

2016-01-28

Mast cells are rare tissue-resident immune cells that are involved in allergic reactions, and their numbers are increased in the lungs of asthmatics. Murine lung mast cells arise from committed bone marrow-derived progenitors that enter the blood circulation, migrate through the pulmonary endothelium, and mature in the tissue. In humans, mast cells can be cultured from multipotent CD34(+) progenitor cells. However, a population of distinct precursor cells that give rise to mast cells has remained undiscovered. To our knowledge, this is the first report of human lineage-negative (Lin(-)) CD34(hi) CD117(int/hi) FcεRI(+) progenitor cells, which represented only 0.0053% of the isolated blood cells in healthy individuals. These cells expressed integrin β7 and developed a mast cell-like phenotype, although with a slow cell division capacity in vitro. Isolated Lin(-) CD34(hi) CD117(int/hi) FcεRI(+) blood cells had an immature mast cell-like appearance and expressed high levels of many mast cell-related genes as compared with human blood basophils in whole-transcriptome microarray analyses. Furthermore, serglycin, tryptase, and carboxypeptidase A messenger RNA transcripts were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Altogether, we propose that the Lin(-) CD34(hi) CD117(int/hi) FcεRI(+) blood cells are closely related to human tissue mast cells and likely constitute an immediate precursor population, which can give rise to predominantly mast cells. Furthermore, asthmatics with reduced lung function had a higher frequency of Lin(-) CD34(hi) CD117(int/hi) FcεRI(+) blood mast cell progenitors than asthmatics with normal lung function. © 2016 by The American Society of Hematology.

Integrative taxonomy of Leptonetela spiders (Araneae, Leptonetidae), with descriptions of 46 new species.

PubMed

Wang, Chun-Xia; Xu, Xin; Li, Shu-Qiang

2017-11-18

Extreme environments, such as subterranean habitats, are suspected to be responsible for morphologically inseparable cryptic or sibling species and can bias biodiversity assessment. A DNA barcode is a short, standardized DNA sequence used for taxonomic purposes and has the potential to lessen the challenges presented by a biotic inventory. Here, we investigate the diversity of the genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978 that is endemic to karst systems in Eurasia using DNA barcoding. We analyzed 624 specimens using one mitochondrial gene fragment ( COI ). The results show that DNA barcoding is an efficient and rapid species identification method in this genus. DNA barcoding gap and automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) analyses indicated the existence of 90 species, a result consistent with previous taxonomic hypotheses, and supported the existence of extreme male pedipalpal tibial spine and median apophysis polymorphism in Leptonetela species, with direct implications for the taxonomy of the group and its diversity. Based on the molecular and morphological evidence, we delimit and diagnose 90 Leptonetela species, including the type species Leptonetela kanellisi (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1971). Forty-six of them are previously undescribed. The female of Leptonetela zhai Wang & Li, 2011 is reported for the first time. Leptonetela tianxinensis (Tong & Li, 2008) comb. nov. is transferred from the genus Leptoneta Simon, 1872; the genus Guineta Lin & Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela; Leptonetela gigachela (Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. is transferred from Guineta . The genus Sinoneta Lin & Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela ; Leptonetela notabilis (Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. and Leptonetela sexdigiti (Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. are transferred from Sinoneta ; Leptonetela sanchahe Wang & Li nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for Sinoneta palmata (Chen et al., 2010) because Leptonetela palmata is preoccupied.

Straight Talk

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stainburn, Samantha

2005-01-01

Recognizing gay students remains an emotional, politically charged issue. But Kevin Jennings, the 42-year-old executive director of the Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network (GLSEN), is not out to provoke shouting matches. Instead, he is quietly turning students into activists capable of changing schools on their own. Along with advocating…

Delta Pi Epsilon National Conference Book of Readings (1999).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Delta Pi Epsilon Society, Little Rock, AR.

This publication contains 22 refereed research papers, 4 refereed action research and classroom application papers, and 3 research training papers from a national conference on promoting excellence in research and teaching for business. The research papers are "Analysis of Executives' Written Documents" (Jennings, Vice); "Assessment…

Projected Costs of U.S. Nuclear Forces, 2014 to 2023

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

uranium and pluto- nium, and also includes several large construction projects for new facilities to support that mission); $12 billion is for...contributed to the analysis with guidance from Sarah Jennings. Justin Falk of CBO provided helpful comments on the report, as did Russell Rumbaugh

Growth in DoD’s Budget From 2000 to 2014

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-11-01

Julie Topoleski and Michael Simpson contributed to the analysis. Christina Hawley Anthony, Kent Christensen, Sarah Jennings, David Newman...and Maureen Costantino prepared it for publication. An electronic version is available on CBO’s website (www.cbo.gov/publication/ 49764). Douglas W . Elmendorf DirectorCBO

ONR Tokyo Scientific Bulletin. Volume 5, Number 3, July-September 1980,

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

engineering Director NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY, TAIPEI - Department of Agricultural Chemistry Chen. Yuh-Lin Pesticide chemistry Professor Lin. Liang-Ping...3-1, Hongo, Bynkyo-ku Tokyo 113 August 9- The 5th International Congress Kyoto, Japan Rikagaku Kenkyusho September 3 of Pesticide Chemistry, IUPAC 2-1...to those who request them. The meeting emphasized two timely subjects, inhalation injuries and fluid therapy. Papers presented were: Basil A. Pruitt

Combined Biology and Bioinformatics Approaches to Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-10-01

Figure 1-9 B. Bibliography of publications and meeting abstracts: Papers: 1). Ning Wang, Kevin Lin, Zhongxian Lu, Kaye Starr Lam, Xiaoman Xu...Oncogene， 2006, 25(20): 2920-2930. 3). Zhengquan Yu, Kevin Lin，Ambica Bhandari, Joel Spencer, Xiaoman Xu, Ning Wang，Zhongxian Lu，Gordon N Gill...and interacts functionally with LMO4. Developmental Biology, 2006, 299(1):122-36. Abstracts: 1). Zhongxian Lu, Ning Wang, Kevin K. Lin, Kaye Starr

Orbiter global positioning system design and Ku-band problems investigation, exhibit B, revision 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chie, C. M.; Braun, W. R.

1981-01-01

The LinCom effort in supporting the JSC study of the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) on the space shuttle and in Ku-band problem investigation is documented. LinCom was tasked to evaluate system implementation, performance, and integration aspects of the shuttle GPS and to provide independent technical assessment of reports submitted to JSC regarding integration studies, system studies and navigation analyses.

Initial results on computational performance of Intel Many Integrated Core (MIC) architecture: implementation of the Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) Purdue-Lin microphysics scheme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mielikainen, Jarno; Huang, Bormin; Huang, Allen H.

2014-10-01

Purdue-Lin scheme is a relatively sophisticated microphysics scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The scheme includes six classes of hydro meteors: water vapor, cloud water, raid, cloud ice, snow and graupel. The scheme is very suitable for massively parallel computation as there are no interactions among horizontal grid points. In this paper, we accelerate the Purdue Lin scheme using Intel Many Integrated Core Architecture (MIC) hardware. The Intel Xeon Phi is a high performance coprocessor consists of up to 61 cores. The Xeon Phi is connected to a CPU via the PCI Express (PICe) bus. In this paper, we will discuss in detail the code optimization issues encountered while tuning the Purdue-Lin microphysics Fortran code for Xeon Phi. In particularly, getting a good performance required utilizing multiple cores, the wide vector operations and make efficient use of memory. The results show that the optimizations improved performance of the original code on Xeon Phi 5110P by a factor of 4.2x. Furthermore, the same optimizations improved performance on Intel Xeon E5-2603 CPU by a factor of 1.2x compared to the original code.

Mitotic Vulnerability in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Associated with LIN9 Is Targetable with BET Inhibitors.

PubMed

Sahni, Jennifer M; Gayle, Sylvia S; Webb, Bryan M; Weber-Bonk, Kristen L; Seachrist, Darcie D; Singh, Salendra; Sizemore, Steven T; Restrepo, Nicole A; Bebek, Gurkan; Scacheri, Peter C; Varadan, Vinay; Summers, Matthew K; Keri, Ruth A

2017-10-01

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are highly aggressive, lack FDA-approved targeted therapies, and frequently recur, making the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for this disease imperative. Our previous analysis of the molecular mechanisms of action of bromodomain and extraterminal protein inhibitors (BETi) in TNBC revealed these drugs cause multinucleation, indicating BET proteins are essential for efficient mitosis and cytokinesis. Here, using live cell imaging, we show that BET inhibition prolonged mitotic progression and induced mitotic cell death, both of which are indicative of mitotic catastrophe. Mechanistically, the mitosis regulator LIN9 was a direct target of BET proteins that mediated the effects of BET proteins on mitosis in TNBC. Although BETi have been proposed to function by dismantling super-enhancers (SE), the LIN9 gene lacks an SE but was amplified or overexpressed in the majority of TNBCs. In addition, its mRNA expression predicted poor outcome across breast cancer subtypes. Together, these results provide a mechanism for cancer selectivity of BETi that extends beyond modulation of SE-associated genes and suggest that cancers dependent upon LIN9 overexpression may be particularly vulnerable to BETi. Cancer Res; 77(19); 5395-408. ©2017 AACR . ©2017 American Association for Cancer Research.

[Characteristics of atmospheric CO2 concentration and variation of carbon source & sink at Lin'an regional background station].

PubMed

Pu, Jing-Jiao; Xu, Hong-Hui; Kang, Li-Li; Ma, Qian-Li

2011-08-01

Characteristics of Atmospheric CO2 concentration obtained by Flask measurements were analyzed at Lin'an regional background station from August 2006 to July 2009. According to the simulation results of carbon tracking model, the impact of carbon sources and sinks on CO2 concentration was evaluated in Yangtze River Delta. The results revealed that atmospheric CO2 concentrations at Lin'an regional background station were between 368.3 x 10(-6) and 414.8 x 10(-6). The CO2 concentration varied as seasons change, with maximum in winter and minimum in summer; the annual difference was about 20.5 x 10(-6). The long-term trend of CO2 concentration showed rapid growth year by year; the average growth rate was about 3.2 x 10(-6)/a. CO2 flux of Yangtze River Delta was mainly contributed by fossil fuel burning, terrestrial biosphere exchange and ocean exchange, while the contribution of fire emission was small. CO2 flux from fossil fuel burning played an important role in carbon source; terrestrial biosphere and ocean were important carbon sinks in this area. Seasonal variations of CO2 concentration at Lin'an regional background station were consistent with CO2 fluxes from fossil fuel burning and terrestrial biosphere exchange.

Test Plans and Procedures for the Baseline SAF for BDS-D Sites (ModSAF). Volume 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-12-20

operations editor will no longer editor, appear in the EditorI Area. 64 I ADST/WDL/TR-93-W003271 VOLUME 2 of 2; Ver 1.0I 44200 Repeat steps 44120 thru...The unit operations 44200 to task the orange editor will no longer platoon to Move on the appear in the Editor route labeled "ort. Area. The vehicles

Strategic Studies Quarterly. Volume 2, Number 3, Fall 2008

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

Managing Editor Betty R. Littlejohn, Editorial Assistant Jerry L. Gantt, Content Editor Sherry Terrell , Editorial Assistant Steven C. Garst...factsheet.asp?id=107 . Ibid. 9. Lt Col Sebastian M. Convertino II, CDR Lou Anne DeMattei, and Lt Col Tammy Knierim, Flying and Fighting in...PhD, Editor-in-Chief L. Tawanda Eaves, Managing Editor Betty R. Littlejohn, Editorial Assistant Jerry L. Gantt, Content Editor Sherry Terrell

Presidents, Congress, and the Public Schools: The Politics of Education Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jennings, Jack

2015-01-01

April 2015 marks the fiftieth anniversary of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the landmark legislation that has provided the foundation of federal education policy in the United States. In "Presidents, Congress, and the Public Schools," longtime policy analyst Jack Jennings examines the evolution of federal education…

The Creative Child

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leader, Wendy

2012-01-01

Jen and Michael agreed that it felt like a mixed blessing when the kindergarten teacher told them she thought their daughter was "very creative." The teacher had commented on Allison's love of dramatic and imaginative play, her bold and expressive artwork, her knack for solving problems with numbers and shapes, and her delight in finding…

Developing the New Infostructure

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-12-01

Engineering Physics and Applied Mathematics from Cornell, and a post-doc in neurophysiology from University of Mississippi Medical School. Dr. Jens G...transport you about 6,000 miles here to England, I’ve been doing some work with, I found it, this is kind of enlightening , in England, they don’t, this

LOCATION OF ACYL GROUPS ON TWO PARTLY ACYLATED GLYCOLIPIDS FROM STRAINS OF USTILAGO (SMUT FUNGI),

DTIC Science & Technology

erythritol from Ustilago sp. (probably U. nuda (Jens.) Rostr. = U. tritici (Pers.) Rostr.) PRL-627 were acetalated with methyl vinyl ether, deacylated...Partly acylated ustilagic acids 8 (from Ustilago maydis (DC) Corda (= U. zeae Unger) PRL-119), consisting of partially esterified beta-cellobiosyl

Sweet Conclusion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shirley, Britt M.; Wooldridge, Barbara Ross; Camp, Kerri M.

2012-01-01

Jen Harrington is the owner and pastry chef of Sweet Conclusion, a bakery in Tampa, Florida. Most of Harrington's business comes from baking wedding cakes, but she has been attempting to attract customers to her retail bakery, where she sells cupcakes, pies, ice cream, and coffee. Nearly four years she opened Sweet Conclusion, the retail part of…

Resistance in School and Society: Public and Pedagogical Debates about Eugenics, 1900-1947.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Selden, Steven

1988-01-01

This article reviews positions of scientists, educators and publicists who resisted eugenics and determinism. The nature nurture controversy is discussed, as well as the impact of eugenics on American classrooms. Specific attention is given to four resisters: Dewey, Bagley, Jennings, and Lippmann. (IAH)

75 FR 23608 - Final Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-04

... Jewett +88 Town of White Springs Street. Approximately 600 feet +109 upstream of 1st Street. Timber Lake... Hamilton Avenue, Jennings, FL 32053 Town of White Springs Maps are available for inspection at the Town Hall, 10363 Bridge Street, White Springs, FL 32096 Unincorporated Areas of Hamilton County Maps are...

A Hundred Years Ago: Crusaders vs. Conservatives in a Furious Campaign.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Social Education, 1996

1996-01-01

Investigates the issues, candidates, and political climate of the 1896 presidential election. The Democratic Party candidate, William Jennings Bryan, espoused a Populist platform attacking big business, protectionism, and the gold standard. William McKinley, the Republican Party, pro-business candidate easily won the election. Includes cartoons…

Catalyst. Volume 12, Number 1, Winter 2011

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Higher Education Center for Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Violence Prevention, 2011

2011-01-01

"Catalyst" is a publication of the U.S. Department of Education's Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention. This issue contains the following articles: (1) What Science Tells Us About Impaired Driving Behavior And Consequences Among U.S. College Students; (2) Message From Kevin Jennings, OSDFS Assistant…

Getting the Pipeline Flowing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gray, Katti

2011-01-01

The diagonal line in Arkansas separating academic and economic strivers from those less likely to make the grade--and then land a decent job--runs roughly from Texarkana in the southwest to Blytheville in northeast. "The wealthiest people live above that line," said Dr. James Jennings, a history professor and education department…

Are Television Commercials Still Achievement Scripts for Women?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yoder, Janice D.; Christopher, Jessica; Holmes, Jeffrey D.

2008-01-01

Content analyses of television advertising document the ubiquity of traditional images of women, yet few studies have explored their impact. One noteworthy exception is the experiment by Geis, Brown, Jennings, and Porter (1984). These researchers found that the achievement aspirations of controls and women exposed to traditional images were lower…

Edward W. Jennings | NREL

Science.gov Websites

practices promoting a safe and supportive working environment. His research interests include environmental, safety, and health (ESH) and facility issues, he is responsible for implementing safe work plan; working directly with awardees by performing on-site validations to collect and analyze enzyme

A Ministry of Enthusiasm: Centenary Essays on the Workers' Educational Association.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Stephen K., Ed.

This collection of scholarly essays marks the centenary of the Workers' Educational Association (WEA), the largest voluntary provider of adult education in the United Kingdom. The chapters are as follows: "Introduction" (Roberts); "The WEA The Foundation and the Founder" (Jennings); "Battersea and the Formation of the…

The Australian endemic woodwasp genus Austrocyrta Riek (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriidae)

Treesearch

J.T. Jennings; A.D. Austin; N.M. Schiff

2009-01-01

The Australian xiphydriid woodwasp genus, previously known only from a single species, A. australiensis Riek, is revised. A second distinctive species from Carnarvon National Park in southcentral Queensland, A. fasciculata Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., is described, and a key to separate the males of the two species is provided.

RLE (Research Laboratory of Electronics) Progress Report Number 130

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-07-01

Ippen, James G. Fujimoto, Wei-Zhu Lin, Beat Zysset, Robert W. Schoenlein, 4 Michael J. Lagasse The investigation of transient carrier dynamics in GaAs...G. Fujimoto, Wei-Zhu Lin, Reginald Birngruber, Beat Zysset, Robert W. Schoenleln Working in collaboration with researchers at the Massachusetts Eye... Binaural Hearing National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO 1 NS 10916) H. Steven Colburn, Nathaniel 1. Durlach, Patrick M. Zurek 17 Brooklyn College14 141

FY08 In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) and Independent Applied Research (IAR) Annual Reports

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

body (SUBOFF) in rotation, NSWCCD-50- TR-2008/030. Carneal, J., S. Percival, A. Etebari, P. Atsavapranee, T. Farabee, M. Goody, Optical bubble...Coursekeeping Funding Year: Third Principal Investigator: Dr. Ray-Qing Lin, Code: 5500, NSWC Carderock Phone: 301-227-3945, E-mail Address...accepted for publications Lin, R-Q., and W. Kuang, , Solid- body motion in fully nonlinear ship motion model, submitted to J. Marine Science and

Fatigue Crack Initiation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

here adopted. McCommon and Rosenberg [3] and MacCone et al . [4] showed that metals are subject to failure at temperatures as low as 1.7’K. This indicates...by Meke and Blochwitz [ 11 ] and Mughrabi [ 12] in their studies of persistent slip bands. Following the clue, which the observations on extrusions...compression as developed by Cooley and Lin, 1986 [33]. Lin et al ., 1987 [34]. Displacement component normal to the free surface is taken as a measure

Wobbled electronic properties of lithium clusters: Deterministic approach through first principles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kushwaha, Anoop Kumar; Nayak, Saroj Kumar

2018-03-01

The innate tendency to form dendritic growth promoted through cluster formation leading to the failure of a Li-ion battery system have drawn significant attention of the researchers towards the effective destabilization of the cluster growth through selective implementation of electrolytic media such as acetonitrile (MeCN). In the present work, using first principles density functional theory and continuum dielectric model, we have investigated the origin of oscillatory nature of binding energy per atom of Lin (n ≤ 8) under the influence of MeCN. In the gas phase, we found that static mean polarizability is strongly correlated with binding energy and shows oscillatory nature with cluster size due to the open shell of Lin cluster. However, in acetonitrile medium, the binding energy has been correlated with electrostatic Lin -MeCN interaction and it has been found that both of them possess wobbled behavior characterized by the cluster size.

A new measurement of the 6Li(n, α)t cross section at MeV energies using a 252Cf fission chamber and 6Li scintillators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kirsch, Leo E.; Devlin, M.; Mosby, S. M.; Gomez, J. A.

2017-12-01

A new measurement is presented of the 6Li(n, α)t cross section from 245 keV to 10 MeV using a 252Cf fission chamber with 6LiI(Eu) and Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) scintillators which act as both target and detector. Neutron energies are determined from the time of flight (TOF) method using the signals from spontaneous fission and reaction product recoil. Simulations of neutron downscatter in the crystals and fission chamber bring 6Li(n, α)t cross section values measured with the 6LiI(Eu) into agreement with previous experiments and evaluations, except for two resonances at 4.2 and 6.5 MeV introduced by ENDF/B-VII.1. Suspected neutron transport modeling issues cause the cross section values obtained with CLYC to be discrepant above 2 MeV.

Editorial independence at medical journals owned by professional associations: a survey of editors.

PubMed

Davis, Ronald M; Müllner, Marcus

2002-10-01

The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of editorial independence at a sample of medical journals and the relationship between the journals and their owners. We surveyed the editors of 33 medical journals owned by not-for-profit organizations ("associations"), including 10 journals represented on the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (nine of which are general medical journals) and a random sample of 23 specialist journals with high impact factors that are indexed by the Institute for Scientific Information. The main outcome measures were the authority to hire, fire, and oversee the work of the editor; the editor's tenure and financial compensation; control of the journal's budget; publication of material about the association; and the editor's perceptions about editorial independence and pressure over editorial content. Of the 33 editors, 23 (70%) reported having complete editorial freedom, and the remainder reported a high level of freedom (a score of > or = 8, where 10 equals complete editorial freedom and 1 equals no editorial freedom). Nevertheless, a substantial minority of editors reported having received at least some pressure in recent years over editorial content from the association's leadership (42%), senior staff (30%), or rank-and-file members (39%). The association's board of directors has the authority to hire (48%) or fire (55%) the editor for about half of the journals, and the editor reports to the board for 10 journals (30%). Twenty-three editors (70%) are appointed for a specific term (median term = 5 years). Three-fifths of the journals have no control over their profit, and the majority of journals use the association's legal counsel and/or media relations staff. Stronger safeguards are needed to give editors protection against pressure over editorial content, including written guarantees of editorial freedom and governance structures that support those guarantees. Strong safeguards are also needed because editors may have less freedom than they believe (especially if they have not yet tested their freedom in an area of controversy).

Reflections on 35 years with Applied Optics: outgoing editorial.

PubMed

Mait, Joseph N

2014-10-20

Applied Optics' Editor-in-Chief, Joseph N. Mait reflects on his experience as a reader, author, reviewer and eventual editor of the journal. Dr. Mait also introduces the incoming Editor-in-Chief, Ronald G. Driggers and acknowledges outgoing Division Editor, T.-C. Poon.

Soil seal development under simulated rainfall: Structural, physical and hydrological dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Armenise, Elena; Simmons, Robert W.; Ahn, Sujung; Garbout, Amin; Doerr, Stefan H.; Mooney, Sacha J.; Sturrock, Craig J.; Ritz, Karl

2018-01-01

This study delivers new insights into rainfall-induced seal formation through a novel approach in the use of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT). Up to now seal and crust thickness have been directly quantified mainly through visual examination of sealed/crusted surfaces, and there has been no quantitative method to estimate this important property. X-ray CT images were quantitatively analysed to derive formal measures of seal and crust thickness. A factorial experiment was established in the laboratory using open-topped microcosms packed with soil. The factors investigated were soil type (three soils: silty clay loam - ZCL, sandy silt loam - SZL, sandy loam - SL) and rainfall duration (2-14 min). Surface seal formation was induced by applying artificial rainfall events, characterised by variable duration, but constant kinetic energy, intensity, and raindrop size distribution. Soil porosities derived from CT scans were used to quantify the thickness of the rainfall-induced surface seals and reveal temporal seal micro-morphological variations with increasing rainfall duration. In addition, the water repellency and infiltration dynamics of the developing seals were investigated by measuring water drop penetration time (WDPT) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (Kun). The range of seal thicknesses detected varied from 0.6 to 5.4 mm. Soil textural characteristics and OM content played a central role in the development of rainfall-induced seals, with coarser soil particles and lower OM content resulting in thicker seals. Two different trends in soil porosity vs. depth were identified: i) for SL soil porosity was lowest at the immediate soil surface, it then increased constantly with depth till the median porosity of undisturbed soil was equalled; ii) for ZCL and SL the highest reduction in porosity, as compared to the median porosity of undisturbed soil, was observed in a well-defined zone of maximum porosity reduction c. 0.24-0.48 mm below the soil surface. This contrasting behaviour was related to different dynamics and processes of seal formation which depended on the soil properties. The impact of rainfall-induced surface sealing on the hydrological behaviour of soil (as represented by WDTP and Kun) was rapid and substantial: an average 60% reduction in Kun occurred for all soils between 2 and 9 min rainfall, and water repellent surfaces were identified for SZL and ZCL. This highlights that the condition of the immediate surface of agricultural soils involving rainfall-induced structural seals has a strong impact in the overall ability of soil to function as water reservoir.

New Editors Appointed for Water Resources Research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2009-03-01

Praveen Kumar (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign), the newly appointed editor in chief of Water Resources Research (WRR), heads the new team of editors for the journal. The other editors are Tom Torgersen (University of Connecticut, Groton), who continues his editorship; Tissa Illangasekare (Colorado School of Mines, Golden); Graham Sander (Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK); and John Selker (Oregon State University, Corvallis). Hoshin Gupta (University of Arizona, Tucson) will join WRR at the end of 2009. The new editors will begin receiving submissions immediately. The incoming editorial board thanks outgoing editors Marc Parlange, Brian Berkowitz, Amilcare Porporato, and Scott Tyler, all of whom will assist during the transition.

Plant Type Selection for Reclamation of Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine Using Fuzzy-Topsis Approach / Wybór Gatunków Roślin Do Wykorzystania W Projekcie Rekultywacji Terenów Kopalni Miedzi Sarcheshmeh Z Wykorzystaniem Metod Logiki Rozmytej Topsis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ebrahimabadi, Arash; Alavi, Iraj

2013-09-01

Plant species selection is a multi-criteria evaluation decision and has a strategic importance for many companies. The conventional methods for plant species selection are inadequate for dealing with the imprecise or vague nature of linguistic assessment. To overcome this difficulty, fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making methods are proposed. The aim of this study is to use the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (F.TOPSIS) methods for the selection of plant species in mine reclamation plan. Plant type selection and planting to protect the environment and the reclamation of the mine are some of the most important solutions. Therefore, the objective of the current research study is to choose the proper plant types for reclamation of Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine using Fuzzy-topsis method. In this regard, primarily, surrounding area of Sarcheshmeh copper mine, one of the world's 10 biggest copper mine which is located near Kerman city of Iran, are surveyed, to choose the best plant type for reclamation of disturbance area. With this respect, based on reclamation plan, primary criteria were consisted of kinds of post mining land use, climate, and nature of soil. Comparison matrixes were then obtained based on experts' opinion and plant types were subsequently prioritized using the Fuzzy Topsis method. Secondary factors considered through the analysis were as follows: perspective of the region, resistance against disease and insects, strength and method of growth, availability to plant type, economic efficiency, protection of soil, storing water, and prevention of pollution. Finally, suitable plant types in the mining perimeter were prioritized as: Amygdalus scoparia, Tamarix, Pistachio Wild, Ephedra, Astragalus, Salsola, respectively. Wybór gatunków roślin jest decyzją podejmowaną w oparciu o wiele kryteriów i stanowi poważne wyzwanie strategiczne dla wielu firm. Konwencjonalne metody wyboru gatunków roślin okazują się niewystarczające w przypadku nieprecyzyjnej oceny i nie w pełni zdefiniowanych określeń językowych. W celu przezwyciężenia tych trudności, zaproponowano wielo-kryterialną metodę decyzyjną wykorzystującą logikę rozmytą. Celem tego opracowania jest ukazanie zastosowania podejścia rozmytego do uzyskania kolejnych przybliżeń do rozwiązania idealnego (F.TOPSIS) przy wyborze odpowiednich gatunków roślin do użycia w projekcie rekultywacji terenów kopalni. Wybór gatunków roślin i ich kultywacja dla zapewnienia ochrony środowiska i projektu rekultywacji terenu pogórniczego to bardzo ważne zagadnienia. Głównym celem obecnego studium jest wybór odpowiednich gatunków roślin do wykorzystania projekcie rekultywacji terenów kopalni miedzi Sarcheshmeh z wykorzystaniem metod logiki rozmytej TOPSIS. W pierwszym rzędzie przeprowadzono badania gruntów wokół kopalni miedzi Sarchesmeh, w pobliżu miejscowości Kerman w Iranie (jednej z dziesięciu największych na świecie kopalni miedzi) w celu wyboru najlepszych typów roślin do wykorzystania do rekultywacji naruszonych działalnością górniczą terenów. Określono podstawowe kryteria wyboru, biorąc pod uwagę plan rekultywacji: sposoby wykorzystania terenu, klimat oraz rodzaje gleb. Otrzymano macierze porównawcze uzyskane na podstawie opinii ekspertów, następnie dokonano określenia priorytetów dla poszczególnych roślin przy pomocy metody TOPSIS, wykorzystującej logikę rozmytą. W analizie uwzględniono następujące czynniki drugorzędne: perspektywy dla regionu, odporność na choroby i owady szkodniki, wytrzymałość i sposób uprawy, dostępność danego gatunku roślin, wydajność ekonomiczna, ochrona gleb, zdolność zatrzymywania wody, zapobieganie zanieczyszczeniom. W końcowym etapie dokonano wyboru najkorzystniejszych dla danego terenu górniczego gatunków roślin, podając kolejno: Amygdalus scoparia, Tamarix, Pistachio Wild, Ephedra, Astragalus, Salsola.

PREFACE: International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2010)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lin, Simon C.; Shen, Stella; Neufeld, Niko; Gutsche, Oliver; Cattaneo, Marco; Fisk, Ian; Panzer-Steindel, Bernd; Di Meglio, Alberto; Lokajicek, Milos

2011-12-01

The International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) was held at Academia Sinica in Taipei from 18-22 October 2010. CHEP is a major series of international conferences for physicists and computing professionals from the worldwide High Energy and Nuclear Physics community, Computer Science, and Information Technology. The CHEP conference provides an international forum to exchange information on computing progress and needs for the community, and to review recent, ongoing and future activities. CHEP conferences are held at roughly 18 month intervals, alternating between Europe, Asia, America and other parts of the world. Recent CHEP conferences have been held in Prauge, Czech Republic (2009); Victoria, Canada (2007); Mumbai, India (2006); Interlaken, Switzerland (2004); San Diego, California(2003); Beijing, China (2001); Padova, Italy (2000) CHEP 2010 was organized by Academia Sinica Grid Computing Centre. There was an International Advisory Committee (IAC) setting the overall themes of the conference, a Programme Committee (PC) responsible for the content, as well as Conference Secretariat responsible for the conference infrastructure. There were over 500 attendees with a program that included plenary sessions of invited speakers, a number of parallel sessions comprising around 260 oral and 200 poster presentations, and industrial exhibitions. We thank all the presenters, for the excellent scientific content of their contributions to the conference. Conference tracks covered topics on Online Computing, Event Processing, Software Engineering, Data Stores, and Databases, Distributed Processing and Analysis, Computing Fabrics and Networking Technologies, Grid and Cloud Middleware, and Collaborative Tools. The conference included excursions to various attractions in Northern Taiwan, including Sanhsia Tsu Shih Temple, Yingko, Chiufen Village, the Northeast Coast National Scenic Area, Keelung, Yehliu Geopark, and Wulai Aboriginal Village, as well as two banquets held at the Grand Hotel and Grand Formosa Regent in Taipei. The next CHEP conference will be held in New York, the United States on 21-25 May 2012. We would like to thank the National Science Council of Taiwan, the EU ACEOLE project, commercial sponsors, and the International Advisory Committee and the Programme Committee members for all their support and help. Special thanks to the Programme Committee members for their careful choice of conference contributions and enormous effort in reviewing and editing about 340 post conference proceedings papers. Simon C Lin CHEP 2010 Conference Chair and Proceedings Editor Taipei, Taiwan November 2011 Track Editors/ Programme Committee Chair Simon C Lin, Academia Sinica, Taiwan Online Computing Track Y H Chang, National Central University, Taiwan Harry Cheung, Fermilab, USA Niko Neufeld, CERN, Switzerland Event Processing Track Fabio Cossutti, INFN Trieste, Italy Oliver Gutsche, Fermilab, USA Ryosuke Itoh, KEK, Japan Software Engineering, Data Stores, and Databases Track Marco Cattaneo, CERN, Switzerland Gang Chen, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Stefan Roiser, CERN, Switzerland Distributed Processing and Analysis Track Kai-Feng Chen, National Taiwan University, Taiwan Ulrik Egede, Imperial College London, UK Ian Fisk, Fermilab, USA Fons Rademakers, CERN, Switzerland Torre Wenaus, BNL, USA Computing Fabrics and Networking Technologies Track Harvey Newman, Caltech, USA Bernd Panzer-Steindel, CERN, Switzerland Antonio Wong, BNL, USA Ian Fisk, Fermilab, USA Niko Neufeld, CERN, Switzerland Grid and Cloud Middleware Track Alberto Di Meglio, CERN, Switzerland Markus Schulz, CERN, Switzerland Collaborative Tools Track Joao Correia Fernandes, CERN, Switzerland Philippe Galvez, Caltech, USA Milos Lokajicek, FZU Prague, Czech Republic International Advisory Committee Chair: Simon C. Lin , Academia Sinica, Taiwan Members: Mohammad Al-Turany , FAIR, Germany Sunanda Banerjee, Fermilab, USA Dario Barberis, CERN & Genoa University/INFN, Switzerland Lothar Bauerdick, Fermilab, USA Ian Bird, CERN, Switzerland Amber Boehnlein, US Department of Energy, USA Kors Bos, CERN, Switzerland Federico Carminati, CERN, Switzerland Philippe Charpentier, CERN, Switzerland Gang Chen, Institute of High Energy Physics, China Peter Clarke, University of Edinburgh, UK Michael Ernst, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA David Foster, CERN, Switzerland Merino Gonzalo, CIEMAT, Spain John Gordon, STFC-RAL, UK Volker Guelzow, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany John Harvey, CERN, Switzerland Frederic Hemmer, CERN, Switzerland Hafeez Hoorani, NCP, Pakistan Viatcheslav Ilyin, Moscow State University, Russia Matthias Kasemann, DESY, Germany Nobuhiko Katayama, KEK, Japan Milos Lokajícek, FZU Prague, Czech Republic David Malon, ANL, USA Pere Mato Vila, CERN, Switzerland Mirco Mazzucato, INFN CNAF, Italy Richard Mount, SLAC, USA Harvey Newman, Caltech, USA Mitsuaki Nozaki, KEK, Japan Farid Ould-Saada, University of Oslo, Norway Ruth Pordes, Fermilab, USA Hiroshi Sakamoto, The University of Tokyo, Japan Alberto Santoro, UERJ, Brazil Jim Shank, Boston University, USA Alan Silverman, CERN, Switzerland Randy Sobie , University of Victoria, Canada Dongchul Son, Kyungpook National University, South Korea Reda Tafirout , TRIUMF, Canada Victoria White, Fermilab, USA Guy Wormser, LAL, France Frank Wuerthwein, UCSD, USA Charles Young, SLAC, USA

Interactive and Continuous Collision Detection for Avatars in Virtual Environments

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

Box 12211 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2211 15. SUBJECT TERMS collision detection Young Kim, Stephane Redon, Ming Lin, Dinesh Manocha, Jim...Redon1 Young J. Kim2 Ming C. Lin1 Dinesh Manocha1 Jim Templeman3 1 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2 Ewha University, Korea 3 Naval...An offset spline approximation for plane cubic splines. Computer-Aided Design, 15(5):297– 299, 1983. [20] S. Kumar and D. Manocha. Efficient

MAXI observation of a long X-ray burst from SAX J1712.6-3739

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iwakiri, W.; Negoro, H.; Serino, M.; in't Zand, J.; Kawai, N.; Nakajima, M.; Sakamaki, A.; Maruyama, W.; Mihara, T.; Nakahira, S.; Yatabe, F.; Takao, Y.; Matsuoka, M.; Sakamoto, T.; Sugita, S.; Kawakubo, Y.; Hashimoto, T.; Yoshida, A.; Sugizaki, M.; Tachibana, Y.; Morita, K.; Ueno, S.; Tomida, H.; Ishikawa, M.; Sugawara, Y.; Isobe, N.; Shimomukai, R.; Ueda, Y.; Tanimoto, A.; Morita, T.; Yamada, S.; Tsuboi, Y.; Sasaki, R.; Kawai, H.; Sato, T.; Tsunemi, H.; Yoneyama, T.; Yamauchi, M.; Hidaka, K.; Iwahori, S.; Kawamuro, T.; Yamaoka, K.; Shidatsu, M.

2018-05-01

We analyzed the MAXI observation of the long type-I X-ray burst from SAX J1712.6-3739 reported by Lin & Yu (ATel #11623, 2018). MAXI observed the region of SAX J1712.6-3739 during 09:25:38 to 09:26:58 UT May 8th 2018 which is about 8 minutes after the peak observed with Swift/BAT (at 09:18:12 UT according to Lin & Yu 2018).

Draft Genome Sequence of a Hexachlorocyclohexane-Degrading Bacterium, Sphingobium baderi Strain LL03T

PubMed Central

Kaur, Jasvinder; Verma, Helianthous; Tripathi, Charu; Khurana, J. P.

2013-01-01

Sphingobium baderi strain LL03T was isolated from hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-contaminated soil from Spolana, Czech Republic. Strain LL03T is a mutant that is deficient in linB and linC (genes that encode hexachlorocyclohexane haloalkane dehalogenase and dehydrogenase, respectively). The draft genome sequence of LL03T (~4.85 Mb) consists of 92 contigs and 4,914 coding sequences, with a G+C content of 63.5%. PMID:24051322

Renorming c0 and closed, bounded, convex sets with fixed point property for affine nonexpansive mappings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nezir, Veysel; Mustafa, Nizami

2017-04-01

In 2008, P.K. Lin provided the first example of a nonreflexive space that can be renormed to have fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings. This space was the Banach space of absolutely summable sequences l1 and researchers aim to generalize this to c0, Banach space of null sequences. Before P.K. Lin's intriguing result, in 1979, Goebel and Kuczumow showed that there is a large class of non-weak* compact closed, bounded, convex subsets of l1 with fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings. Then, P.K. Lin inspired by Goebel and Kuczumow's ideas to give his result. Similarly to P.K. Lin's study, Hernández-Linares worked on L1 and in his Ph.D. thesis, supervisored under Maria Japón, showed that L1 can be renormed to have fixed point property for affine nonexpansive mappings. Then, related questions for c0 have been considered by researchers. Recently, Nezir constructed several equivalent norms on c0 and showed that there are non-weakly compact closed, bounded, convex subsets of c0 with fixed point property for affine nonexpansive mappings. In this study, we construct a family of equivalent norms containing those developed by Nezir as well and show that there exists a large class of non-weakly compact closed, bounded, convex subsets of c0 with fixed point property for affine nonexpansive mappings.

First-principles calculated decomposition pathways for LiBH4 nanoclusters

PubMed Central

Huang, Zhi-Quan; Chen, Wei-Chih; Chuang, Feng-Chuan; Majzoub, Eric H.; Ozoliņš, Vidvuds

2016-01-01

We analyze thermodynamic stability and decomposition pathways of LiBH4 nanoclusters using grand-canonical free-energy minimization based on total energies and vibrational frequencies obtained from density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. We consider (LiBH4)n nanoclusters with n = 2 to 12 as reactants, while the possible products include (Li)n, (B)n, (LiB)n, (LiH)n, and Li2BnHn; off-stoichiometric LinBnHm (m ≤ 4n) clusters were considered for n = 2, 3, and 6. Cluster ground-state configurations have been predicted using prototype electrostatic ground-state (PEGS) and genetic algorithm (GA) based structural optimizations. Free-energy calculations show hydrogen release pathways markedly differ from those in bulk LiBH4. While experiments have found that the bulk material decomposes into LiH and B, with Li2B12H12 as a kinetically inhibited intermediate phase, (LiBH4)n nanoclusters with n ≤ 12 are predicted to decompose into mixed LinBn clusters via a series of intermediate clusters of LinBnHm (m ≤ 4n). The calculated pressure-composition isotherms and temperature-pressure isobars exhibit sloping plateaus due to finite size effects on reaction thermodynamics. Generally, decomposition temperatures of free-standing clusters are found to increase with decreasing cluster size due to thermodynamic destabilization of reaction products. PMID:27189731

In vitro long-term culture of human primitive hematopoietic cells supported by murine stromal cell line MS-5.

PubMed

Nishi, N; Ishikawa, R; Inoue, H; Nishikawa, M; Yoneya, T; Kakeda, M; Tsumura, H; Ohashi, H; Mori, K J

1997-04-01

When Lin-CD34+CD38- cells from normal human cord blood were cocultured with MS-5, colony forming cells were maintained for over 8 weeks. Prevention of contact between MS-5 and Lin-CD34+CD38- cells by using a membrane filter was negligible for this activity, indicating that the activity of MS-5 on human primitive hematopoietic cells may be due to soluble factor(s) secreted from MS-5. We tried to purify this activity by a [3H]TdR incorporation assay. The activity was found in 150 kD fraction and was neutralized with anti-mSCF (stem cell factor) antibody. Another 20-30 kD fraction synergized with mSCF to stimulate the growth of Lin-CD34+CD38- cells but failed alone. This fraction supported the growth of the G-CSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor)-dependent cell line FD/GR3, FDC-P2 transfected with mG-CSF receptor cDNA. This synergy was canceled in the presence of soluble mG-CSF receptor. Addition of anti-mSCF antibody and soluble mG-CSF receptor to the culture completely abrogated the activity of MS-5-culture supernatant. These results indicate the activity of MS-5 on Lin-CD34+CD38- cells is due to synergistic effect of mSCF and mG-CSF.

RNA-Binding Protein L1TD1 Interacts with LIN28 via RNA and is Required for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Cancer Cell Proliferation

PubMed Central

Närvä, Elisa; Rahkonen, Nelly; Emani, Maheswara Reddy; Lund, Riikka; Pursiheimo, Huha-Pekka; Nästi, Juuso; Autio, Reija; Rasool, Omid; Denessiouk, Konstantin; Lähdesmäki, Harri; Rao, Anjana; Lahesmaa, Ritta

2012-01-01

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) have a unique capacity to self-renew and differentiate into all the cell types found in human body. Although the transcriptional regulators of pluripotency are well studied, the role of cytoplasmic regulators is still poorly characterized. Here, we report a new stem cell-specific RNA-binding protein L1TD1 (ECAT11, FLJ10884) required for hESC self-renewal and cancer cell proliferation. Depletion of L1TD1 results in immediate downregulation of OCT4 and NANOG. Furthermore, we demonstrate that OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG all bind to the promoter of L1TD1. Moreover, L1TD1 is highly expressed in seminomas, and depletion of L1TD1 in these cancer cells influences self-renewal and proliferation. We show that L1TD1 colocalizes and interacts with LIN28 via RNA and directly with RNA helicase A (RHA). LIN28 has been reported to regulate translation of OCT4 in complex with RHA. Thus, we hypothesize that L1TD1 is part of the L1TD1-RHA-LIN28 complex that could influence levels of OCT4. Our results strongly suggest that L1TD1 has an important role in the regulation of stemness. PMID:22162396

Comparison between Two Linear Supervised Learning Machines' Methods with Principle Component Based Methods for the Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Agomelatine and Its Degradants.

PubMed

Elkhoudary, Mahmoud M; Naguib, Ibrahim A; Abdel Salam, Randa A; Hadad, Ghada M

2017-05-01

Four accurate, sensitive and reliable stability indicating chemometric methods were developed for the quantitative determination of Agomelatine (AGM) whether in pure form or in pharmaceutical formulations. Two supervised learning machines' methods; linear artificial neural networks (PC-linANN) preceded by principle component analysis and linear support vector regression (linSVR), were compared with two principle component based methods; principle component regression (PCR) as well as partial least squares (PLS) for the spectrofluorimetric determination of AGM and its degradants. The results showed the benefits behind using linear learning machines' methods and the inherent merits of their algorithms in handling overlapped noisy spectral data especially during the challenging determination of AGM alkaline and acidic degradants (DG1 and DG2). Relative mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) for the proposed models in the determination of AGM were 1.68, 1.72, 0.68 and 0.22 for PCR, PLS, SVR and PC-linANN; respectively. The results showed the superiority of supervised learning machines' methods over principle component based methods. Besides, the results suggested that linANN is the method of choice for determination of components in low amounts with similar overlapped spectra and narrow linearity range. Comparison between the proposed chemometric models and a reported HPLC method revealed the comparable performance and quantification power of the proposed models.

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society (PHM 2014) Held in Fort Worth, TX on September 29 - October 2, 2014. Invited Session on Corrosion Monitoring, Sensing, Detection and Prediction

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-23

Campbell 225 Using Johnson Distribution for Automatic Threshold Setting in Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring System Kun S. Marhadi and Georgios Alexandros...Victoria M. Catterson, Craig Love, and Andrew Robb 725 Detection of Wind Turbine Power Performance Abnormalities Using Eigenvalue Analysis Georgios...instance, in wind turbine gearbox analysis (Zappalà et al., 2012). Various other techniques for frequency domain analysis have been explored for

Preliminary Investigations on the Fate of Terrestrial Sediments in the Coastal Ocean Discharged From Taiwanese Small Mountainous Rivers

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

Central University 300 Jung-da Rd., Jhongli, Taiwan 32001 phone: +886-3-422-3354, fax: +886-3-422-2894, email: kkliu@ncu.edu.tw Wen-Son Chiang...Tainan Hydraulics Laboratory, National Cheng-Kung University 500 An-Ming Road Sec. 3, Tainan, Taiwan 701 phone: +886-6-237-1938 ext 232, fax: +886-6...Taoyuan, Taiwan 32001 phone: +886-3-422-7151 ext 65690, fax: +886-3-422-2894, email: hchien@ncu.edu.tw Shu-Kun Hsu Department of Earth Science

FRED user's manual

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shilling, J.

1984-02-01

FRED, the friendly editor, is a screen-based structured editor. This manual is intended to serve the needs of a wide range of users of the FRED text editor. Most users will find it sufficient to read the introductory material in section 2, supplemented with the full command set description in section 3. Advanced users may wish to change the keystroke sequences which invoke editor commands. Section 4 describes how to change key bindings and how to define command macros. Some users may need to modify a language description or create an entirely new language description for use with FRED. Sectionmore » 5 describes the format of the language descriptions used by the editor, and describes how to construct a language grammar. Section 6 describes known portability problems of the FRED editor and should concern only system installation personnel. The editor points out syntax errors in the file being edited and does automatic pretty printing.« less

EDT mode for JED -- An advanced Unix text editor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McIlwrath, B. K.; Page, C. G.

This note describes Starlink extended EDT emulation for the JED editor. It provides a Unix text editor which can utilise the advanced facilities of DEC VTn00, xterm and similar terminals. JED in this mode provides a reasonably good emulation of the VAX/VMS editor EDT in addition to many extra facilities.

Becoming an Online Editor: Perceived Roles and Responsibilities of Wikipedia Editors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Littlejohn, Allison; Hood, Nina

2018-01-01

Introduction: We report on the experiences of a group of people as they become Wikipedia editors. We test Benkler's (2002) theory that commons-based production processes accelerate the creation of capital, questioning what knowledge production processes do people engage in as they become editors? The analysis positions the development of editing…

Emerging Perspectives on Editorial Ethics: An Interview with Chris Higgins

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jackson, Liz

2017-01-01

Chris Higgins took on the roles of Editor of "Educational Theory," and Editor-in-Chief of the "Philosophy of Education Yearbook" published by the Philosophy of Education Society, in 2013, after having been an Associate Editor and Book Review Editor for "Educational Theory" for six years. Higgins worked closely with…

Authors and editors assort on gender and geography in high-rank ecological publications

PubMed Central

Belou, Rebecca M.

2018-01-01

Peer-reviewed publication volume and caliber are widely-recognized proxies for academic merit, and a strong publication record is essential for academic success and advancement. However, recent work suggests that publication productivity for particular author groups may also be determined in part by implicit biases lurking in the publication pipeline. Here, we explore patterns of gender, geography, and institutional rank among authors, editorial board members, and handling editors in high-impact ecological publications during 2015 and 2016. A higher proportion of lead authors had female first names (33.9%) than editorial board members (28.9%), and the proportion of female first names among handling editors was even lower (21.1%). Female editors disproportionately edited publications with female lead authors (40.3% of publications with female lead authors were handled by female editors, though female editors handled only 34.4% of all studied publications). Additionally, ecological authors and editors were overwhelmingly from countries in the G8, and high-ranking academic institutions accounted for a large portion of both the published work, and its editorship. Editors and lead authors with female names were typically affiliated with higher-ranking institutions than their male peers. This description of author and editor features provides a baseline for benchmarking future trends in the ecological publishing culture. PMID:29420647

Authors and editors assort on gender and geography in high-rank ecological publications.

PubMed

Manlove, Kezia R; Belou, Rebecca M

2018-01-01

Peer-reviewed publication volume and caliber are widely-recognized proxies for academic merit, and a strong publication record is essential for academic success and advancement. However, recent work suggests that publication productivity for particular author groups may also be determined in part by implicit biases lurking in the publication pipeline. Here, we explore patterns of gender, geography, and institutional rank among authors, editorial board members, and handling editors in high-impact ecological publications during 2015 and 2016. A higher proportion of lead authors had female first names (33.9%) than editorial board members (28.9%), and the proportion of female first names among handling editors was even lower (21.1%). Female editors disproportionately edited publications with female lead authors (40.3% of publications with female lead authors were handled by female editors, though female editors handled only 34.4% of all studied publications). Additionally, ecological authors and editors were overwhelmingly from countries in the G8, and high-ranking academic institutions accounted for a large portion of both the published work, and its editorship. Editors and lead authors with female names were typically affiliated with higher-ranking institutions than their male peers. This description of author and editor features provides a baseline for benchmarking future trends in the ecological publishing culture.

JSME: a free molecule editor in JavaScript.

PubMed

Bienfait, Bruno; Ertl, Peter

2013-01-01

A molecule editor, i.e. a program facilitating graphical input and interactive editing of molecules, is an indispensable part of every cheminformatics or molecular processing system. Today, when a web browser has become the universal scientific user interface, a tool to edit molecules directly within the web browser is essential. One of the most popular tools for molecular structure input on the web is the JME applet. Since its release nearly 15 years ago, however the web environment has changed and Java applets are facing increasing implementation hurdles due to their maintenance and support requirements, as well as security issues. This prompted us to update the JME editor and port it to a modern Internet programming language - JavaScript. The actual molecule editing Java code of the JME editor was translated into JavaScript with help of the Google Web Toolkit compiler and a custom library that emulates a subset of the GUI features of the Java runtime environment. In this process, the editor was enhanced by additional functionalities including a substituent menu, copy/paste, drag and drop and undo/redo capabilities and an integrated help. In addition to desktop computers, the editor supports molecule editing on touch devices, including iPhone, iPad and Android phones and tablets. In analogy to JME the new editor is named JSME. This new molecule editor is compact, easy to use and easy to incorporate into web pages. A free molecule editor written in JavaScript was developed and is released under the terms of permissive BSD license. The editor is compatible with JME, has practically the same user interface as well as the web application programming interface. The JSME editor is available for download from the project web page http://peter-ertl.com/jsme/

76 FR 43893 - Special Local Regulations; Port Huron to Mackinac Island Sail Race

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-22

... the vicinity of the race's starting point and to provide for the safety of the general boating public... ``Search.'' This material is also available for inspection or copying at the Docket Management Facility (M...-mail Mr. Frank Jennings, Jr., Auxiliary and Boating Safety Branch, Ninth Coast Guard District, via e...

"Culture" and the Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty: The Prevention Paradox

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ludwig, Jens; Mayer, Susan

2006-01-01

Many U.S. policymakers support changing the "culture" of poor parents to encourage marriage, work, and religion as a means to end the intergenerational transmission of poverty. In this article Jens Ludwig and Susan Mayer review and evaluate research on how parental work, marriage, and religion affect children's socioeconomic status…

Research and Clinical Center for Child Development Annual Report, 1996-1997, No. 20.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Shing-Jen, Ed.; Furutsuka, Takashi, Ed.; Shirotani, Yukari

This annual report discusses several topics related to the work of the Clinical Center for Child Development at Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan. The articles are: (1) "Other's Voice/Own Voice: (Re)production of Other's Voice and Its Apprenticeship in Japanese Young Children" (Shing-Jen Chen); (2) "Intersubjectivity during…

Gamer Girls, Gold Farmers, and Activism "In Real Life"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Musgrave, Megan L.

2016-01-01

This essay analyzes the graphic novel "In Real Life" as an example of Cory Doctorow and Jen Wang's intention to raise young people's awareness about gender and economic disparities within the gaming industry. Broadly, "In Real Life" combats the pervasive cultural anxiety that Jane McGonigal challenges in her book "Reality…

Making Education Markets through Global Trade Agreements

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robertson, Susan L.

2017-01-01

This paper uses the global trade negotiations and agreements, which include education sectors as potentially tradable services, to show the complex processes at work in making global education markets. Drawing on the work of Jens Beckert and others, I focus on the micro-processes of making capitalist orders and the challenges at hand in bringing…

National Issues in Education: The Past Is Prologue.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jennings, John F., Ed.

Presenting diverse perspectives on current major education issues at the national level, this book addresses issues that have played out and will play out in the legislative process in the U.S. Congress. After the "Preface" (Jack Kosoy and Michael D. Usdan) and "Introduction" (John F. Jennings), the book is divided into four…

Family Background of Beginning Education Students: Implications for Teacher Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Roger A.; Coll, Kenneth M.; Osguthorpe, Richard

2013-01-01

Teacher education has not historically focused on the social and emotional development of teachers even though there is evidence that such variables influence student success (Jennings & Greenberg, 2009). We believe such a focus is important and we explored variables in teacher education students' families of origin that underpin social and…

On Staying with Our Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jennings, Marianne

2009-01-01

This paper describes the author's experience and strategy in teaching business law and ethics. Jennings shares how business scandals have changed her three decades of teaching and describes how she has found a way of connecting with students by introducing some cognitive dissonance that stays with them when they are asked to do something in their…

76 FR 31884 - Reducing Regulatory Burden; Retrospective Review Under E.O. 13563

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-02

...: Submit comments to http://www.regulations.gov , or e-mail comments to [email protected]nasa.gov . FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Nanette Jennings, 202-358-0819, [email protected]nasa.gov.... NASA's plan is accessible on its Open Government Web site at http://www.nasa.gov/open/ . Submit...

Prepaying & Saving for College: Opportunities and Issues. Policy Perspectives No. 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jennings, Barbara M.; Olivas, Michael A.

This publication provides an overview and discusses underlying issues of the college savings and prepaid tuition plans that are emerging in the states. Two papers offer different vantage points on college savings and prepaid plans in financing postsecondary education. The first paper, "The Evolution of State Plans" (Barbara M. Jennings),…

Evolution and Friendship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mena-Werth, Jose

2005-01-01

In 1925, Williams Jennings Bryan, a former congressman from Nebraska and a former Secretary of State under Woodrow Wilson, spent two agonizing weeks defending his religious faith that cost him his life a month after. Bryan was a prosecutor of high school teacher John Scopes, who had violated Tennessee state law by teaching the theory of evolution.…

76 FR 35010 - Notice of Inventory Completion: Colorado Historical Society (History Colorado), Denver, CO

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-15

... remains representing a minimum of 10 individuals were removed from Pock's Garden Site (5MT.10851), in.... Jennings, the Colorado State University (CSU) Field School, investigated and transferred the individuals to... and under the direction of Mona Charles, Director of the Archaeological Field School. The site is...

The Relationship between Shared Leadership, Teacher Self-Efficacy, and Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zinke, Anjanette Fuller

2013-01-01

Decisions about ways to improve student achievement have been of concern over the years (Reeves, 2011). Multiple reforms have been attempted (Evers, 2000; Marzano, 2000), but researchers have differed in viewpoints on their effectiveness (Jennings & Rentner, 2006; Rose, 20 I 0). State test scores in Mississippi have not risen to levels…

Rhysacephala novacaledonica sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriidae), the first xiphydriid woodwasp from New Calendonia

Treesearch

John T. Jennings; Andrew D. Austin; Natham M. Schiff

2007-01-01

Xiphydriid woodwasps have been very rarely collected in Australasia although they are widely distributed in the region. Species have been described from the Aru, Ambon and Buru Islands, Indonesia, eastern mainland Australia, Papua New Guinea, and New Zealand. Here Rhysacephala novacaledonica Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., is described, which is the...

Mode Deactivation Therapy (MDT): A Theoretical Case Analysis on a Suicidal Adolescent

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Apsche, Jack A.; Siv, Alexander M.

2005-01-01

This case study presents a case study of the effectiveness of Mode deactivation therapy (MDT) (Apsche, Bass, Jennings, Murphy, Hunter, and Siv, 2005) with an adolescent male, with reactive conduct disorder, PTSD and 8 lethal suicide attempts. The youngster was hospitalized four times for suicide attempts, three previous placements in residential…

Treatment Strategies for Human Arboviral Infections Applicable to Veterinary Medicine

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-06-16

16. MORILL , J. C., G. B. JENNINGS, T. M. COSGRIFF, P. H. GIBBS & C. J. PETERS. 1989. Prevention of Rift Valley fever in rhesus monkeys with interferon...alpha. Rev. Infect. Dis. 2(Suppl. 4): 815. 17. MORILL , J. C., C. W. CZARNECKI & C. J. PETERS. 1991. Recombinant human interferon- gamma modulates

Reflections on Urban Science Teacher-Student Self-Efficacy Dynamics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hagiwara, Sumi; Maulucci, Maria S. Rivera; Ramos, S. Lizette

2011-01-01

This forum article consists of commentaries--authored by Sumi Hagiwara, Maria S. Rivera Maulucci and Lizette Ramos--on the feature article by Virginia Jennings Bolshakova, Carla C. Johnson, and Charlene M. Czerniak. We reflect on a series of questions that take retrospective, introspective, and prospective views of self-efficacy in science…

Graphical and statistical techniques for cardiac cycle time (phase) dependent changes in interbeat interval: problems with the Jennings et al. (1991) proposals.

PubMed

Barry, R J

1993-01-01

Two apparently new effects in human cardiac responding, "primary bradycardia" and "vagal inhibition", were first described by the Laceys. These effects have been considered by some researchers to reflect differential cardiac innervation, analogous to similar effects observed in animal preparations with direct vagal stimulation. However, it has been argued that such effects arise merely from the data-analytic techniques introduced by the Laceys, and hence are not genuine cardiac cycle effects. Jennings, van der Molen, Somsen and Ridderinkhoff (Psychophysiology, 28 (1991) 596-606) recently proposed a plotting technique and statistical procedure in an attempt to resolve this issue. The present paper demonstrates that the plotting technique fails to achieve their stated aim, since it identifies data from identical cardiac responses as showing cardiac-cycle effects. In addition, the statistical procedure is shown to be reducible to a trivial test of response occurrence. The implication of these demonstrations, in the context of other work, is that this area of investigation has reached a dead end.

Jens Esmark's Christiania (Oslo) meteorological observations 1816-1838: the first long-term continuous temperature record from the Norwegian capital homogenized and analysed

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hestmark, Geir; Nordli, Øyvind

2016-11-01

In 2010 we rediscovered the complete set of meteorological observation protocols made by Jens Esmark (1762-1839) during his years of residence in the Norwegian capital of Oslo (then Christiania). From 1 January 1816 to 25 January 1839, Esmark at his house in Øvre Voldgate in the morning, early afternoon and late evening recorded air temperature with state-of-the-art thermometers. He also noted air pressure, cloud cover, precipitation and wind directions, and experimented with rain gauges and hygrometers. From 1818 to the end of 1838 he twice a month provided weather tables to the official newspaper Den Norske Rigstidende, and thus acquired a semi-official status as the first Norwegian state meteorologist. This paper evaluates the quality of Esmark's temperature observations and presents new metadata, new homogenization and analysis of monthly means. Three significant shifts in the measurement series were detected, and suitable corrections are proposed. The air temperature in Oslo during this period is shown to exhibit a slow rise from 1816 towards 1825, followed by a slighter fall again towards 1838.

Enhanced, Partially Redundant Emergency Notification System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pounds, Clark D.

2005-01-01

The Johnson Space Center Emergency Notification System (JENS) software utilizes pre-existing computation and communication infrastructure to augment a prior variable-tone, siren-based, outdoor alarm system, in order to enhance the ability to give notice of emergencies to employees working in multiple buildings. The JENS software includes a component that implements an administrative Web site. Administrators can grant and deny access to the administrative site and to an originator Web site that enables authorized individuals to quickly compose and issue alarms. The originator site also facilitates maintenance and review of alarms already issued. A custom client/server application program enables an originator to notify every user who is logged in on a Microsoft Windows-based desktop computer by means of a pop-up message that interrupts, but does not disrupt, the user s work. Alternatively or in addition, the originator can send an alarm message to recipients on an e-mail distribution list and/or can post the notice on an internal Web site. An alarm message can consist of (1) text describing the emergency and suggesting a course of action and (2) a replica of the corresponding audible outdoor alarm.

Slashes to Medicaid pose threat to PWAs.

PubMed

1995-01-01

Congressional proposals are calling for cuts in Medicaid of up to $180 billion over the next 7 years. Because Medicaid is the largest source of health insurance for people living with HIV, the AIDS Action Council is educating policy makers about what is at stake. The Council's work has included testimony before the House Commerce Committee Subcommittee on Health and Environment and participation in a White House briefing on Medicaid sponsored by National AIDS Policy Director, Patsy Fleming, and Clinton's Special Assistant on Health Policy, Chris Jennings. At the briefing, Jennings assured participants that the President pledges to preserve Medicaid's entitlement status and keep cuts well under the Republicans' proposed cut of $182 billion. AIDS Action also prepared fact sheets for 10 states that detail the reliance of the HIV/AIDS community on Medicaid in each of those states. They are also supporting a postcard and telephone campaign organized by the Save Our Security Coalition (SOS), spearheaded by the health policy group Families USA. The postcards oppose Medicare and Medicaid cuts and ask the President to veto any such cuts.

CD4 T-cell cytokines synergize to induce proliferation of malignant and nonmalignant innate intraepithelial lymphocytes.

PubMed

Kooy-Winkelaar, Yvonne M C; Bouwer, Dagmar; Janssen, George M C; Thompson, Allan; Brugman, Martijn H; Schmitz, Frederike; de Ru, Arnoud H; van Gils, Tom; Bouma, Gerd; van Rood, Jon J; van Veelen, Peter A; Mearin, M Luisa; Mulder, Chris J; Koning, Frits; van Bergen, Jeroen

2017-02-07

Refractory celiac disease type II (RCDII) is a severe complication of celiac disease (CD) characterized by the presence of an enlarged clonal population of innate intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) lacking classical B-, T-, and natural killer (NK)-cell lineage markers (Lin - IELs) in the duodenum. In ∼50% of patients with RCDII, these Lin - IELs develop into a lymphoma for which no effective treatment is available. Current evidence indicates that the survival and expansion of these malignant Lin - IELs is driven by epithelial cell-derived IL-15. Like CD, RCDII is strongly associated with HLA-DQ2, suggesting the involvement of HLA-DQ2-restricted gluten-specific CD4 + T cells. We now show that gluten-specific CD4 + T cells isolated from CD duodenal biopsy specimens produce cytokines able to trigger proliferation of malignant Lin - IEL lines as powerfully as IL-15. Furthermore, we identify TNF, IL-2, and IL-21 as CD4 + T-cell cytokines that synergistically mediate this effect. Like IL-15, these cytokines were found to increase the phosphorylation of STAT5 and Akt and transcription of antiapoptotic mediator bcl-x L Several small-molecule inhibitors targeting the JAK/STAT pathway blocked proliferation elicited by IL-2 and IL-15, but only an inhibitor targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway blocked proliferation induced by IL-15 as well as the CD4 + T-cell cytokines. Confirming and extending these findings, TNF, IL-2, and IL-21 also synergistically triggered the proliferation of freshly isolated Lin - IELs and CD3 - CD56 + IELs (NK-IELs) from RCDII as well as non-RCDII duodenal biopsy specimens. These data provide evidence implicating CD4 + T-cell cytokines in the pathogenesis of RCDII. More broadly, they suggest that adaptive immune responses can contribute to innate IEL activation during mucosal inflammation.

ChiLin: a comprehensive ChIP-seq and DNase-seq quality control and analysis pipeline.

PubMed

Qin, Qian; Mei, Shenglin; Wu, Qiu; Sun, Hanfei; Li, Lewyn; Taing, Len; Chen, Sujun; Li, Fugen; Liu, Tao; Zang, Chongzhi; Xu, Han; Chen, Yiwen; Meyer, Clifford A; Zhang, Yong; Brown, Myles; Long, Henry W; Liu, X Shirley

2016-10-03

Transcription factor binding, histone modification, and chromatin accessibility studies are important approaches to understanding the biology of gene regulation. ChIP-seq and DNase-seq have become the standard techniques for studying protein-DNA interactions and chromatin accessibility respectively, and comprehensive quality control (QC) and analysis tools are critical to extracting the most value from these assay types. Although many analysis and QC tools have been reported, few combine ChIP-seq and DNase-seq data analysis and quality control in a unified framework with a comprehensive and unbiased reference of data quality metrics. ChiLin is a computational pipeline that automates the quality control and data analyses of ChIP-seq and DNase-seq data. It is developed using a flexible and modular software framework that can be easily extended and modified. ChiLin is ideal for batch processing of many datasets and is well suited for large collaborative projects involving ChIP-seq and DNase-seq from different designs. ChiLin generates comprehensive quality control reports that include comparisons with historical data derived from over 23,677 public ChIP-seq and DNase-seq samples (11,265 datasets) from eight literature-based classified categories. To the best of our knowledge, this atlas represents the most comprehensive ChIP-seq and DNase-seq related quality metric resource currently available. These historical metrics provide useful heuristic quality references for experiment across all commonly used assay types. Using representative datasets, we demonstrate the versatility of the pipeline by applying it to different assay types of ChIP-seq data. The pipeline software is available open source at https://github.com/cfce/chilin . ChiLin is a scalable and powerful tool to process large batches of ChIP-seq and DNase-seq datasets. The analysis output and quality metrics have been structured into user-friendly directories and reports. We have successfully compiled 23,677 profiles into a comprehensive quality atlas with fine classification for users.

Morphological parameters of flat epithelial atypia (FEA) in stereotactic vacuum-assisted needle core biopsies do not predict the presence of malignancy on subsequent surgical excision.

PubMed

Bianchi, Simonetta; Bendinelli, Benedetta; Castellano, Isabella; Piubello, Quirino; Renne, Giuseppe; Cattani, Maria Grazia; Di Stefano, Domenica; Carrillo, Giovanna; Laurino, Licia; Bersiga, Alessandra; Giardina, Carmela; Dante, Stefania; Di Loreto, Carla; Quero, Carmela; Antonacci, Concetta Maria; Palli, Domenico

2012-10-01

Flat epithelial atypia (FEA) may represent the earliest precursor of low-grade breast cancer and often coexists with more advanced atypical proliferative breast lesions such as atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and lobular intraepithelial neoplasia (LIN). The present study aims to investigate the association between morphological parameters of FEA and presence of malignancy at surgical excision (SE) and the clinical significance of the association of FEA with ADH and/or LIN. This study included 589 cases of stereotactic 11-gauge vacuum-assisted needle core biopsy (VANCB), reporting a diagnosis of FEA, ADH or LIN with subsequent SE from 14 pathology departments in Italy. Available slides were reviewed, with 114 (19.4 %) showing a malignant outcome at SE. Among the 190 cases of pure FEA, no statistically significant association emerged between clinical-pathological parameters of FEA and risk of malignancy. Logistic regression analyses showed an increased risk of malignancy according to the extension of ADH among the 275 cases of FEA associated with ADH (p = 0.004) and among the 34 cases of FEA associated with ADH and LIN (p = 0.02). In the whole series, a statistically significant increased malignancy risk emerged according to mammographic R1-R3/R4-R5 categories (OR = 1.56; p = 0.04), extension (OR = 1.24; p = 0.04) and grade (OR = 1.94; p = 0.004) of cytological atypia of FEA. The presence of ADH was associated with an increased malignancy risk (OR = 2.85; p < 0.0001). Our data confirm the frequent association of FEA with ADH and/or LIN. A diagnosis of pure FEA on VANCB carries a 9.5 % risk of concurrent malignancy and thus warrants follow-up excision because none of the clinical-pathological parameters predicts which cases will present carcinoma on SE.

A Dynamic Attitude Measurement System Based on LINS

PubMed Central

Li, Hanzhou; Pan, Quan; Wang, Xiaoxu; Zhang, Juanni; Li, Jiang; Jiang, Xiangjun

2014-01-01

A dynamic attitude measurement system (DAMS) is developed based on a laser inertial navigation system (LINS). Three factors of the dynamic attitude measurement error using LINS are analyzed: dynamic error, time synchronization and phase lag. An optimal coning errors compensation algorithm is used to reduce coning errors, and two-axis wobbling verification experiments are presented in the paper. The tests indicate that the attitude accuracy is improved 2-fold by the algorithm. In order to decrease coning errors further, the attitude updating frequency is improved from 200 Hz to 2000 Hz. At the same time, a novel finite impulse response (FIR) filter with three notches is designed to filter the dither frequency of the ring laser gyro (RLG). The comparison tests suggest that the new filter is five times more effective than the old one. The paper indicates that phase-frequency characteristics of FIR filter and first-order holder of navigation computer constitute the main sources of phase lag in LINS. A formula to calculate the LINS attitude phase lag is introduced in the paper. The expressions of dynamic attitude errors induced by phase lag are derived. The paper proposes a novel synchronization mechanism that is able to simultaneously solve the problems of dynamic test synchronization and phase compensation. A single-axis turntable and a laser interferometer are applied to verify the synchronization mechanism. The experiments results show that the theoretically calculated values of phase lag and attitude error induced by phase lag can both match perfectly with testing data. The block diagram of DAMS and physical photos are presented in the paper. The final experiments demonstrate that the real-time attitude measurement accuracy of DAMS can reach up to 20″ (1σ) and the synchronization error is less than 0.2 ms on the condition of three axes wobbling for 10 min. PMID:25177802

Nonautonomous Roles of MAB-5/Hox and the Secreted Basement Membrane Molecule SPON-1/F-Spondin in Caenorhabditis elegans Neuronal Migration.

PubMed

Josephson, Matthew P; Miltner, Adam M; Lundquist, Erik A

2016-08-01

Nervous system development and circuit formation requires neurons to migrate from their birthplaces to specific destinations.Migrating neurons detect extracellular cues that provide guidance information. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the Q right (QR) and Q left (QL) neuroblast descendants migrate long distances in opposite directions. The Hox gene lin-39 cell autonomously promotes anterior QR descendant migration, and mab-5/Hox cell autonomously promotes posterior QL descendant migration. Here we describe a nonautonomous role of mab-5 in regulating both QR and QL descendant migrations, a role masked by redundancy with lin-39 A third Hox gene, egl-5/Abdominal-B, also likely nonautonomously regulates Q descendant migrations. In the lin-39 mab-5 egl-5 triple mutant, little if any QR and QL descendant migration occurs. In addition to well-described roles of lin-39 and mab-5 in the Q descendants, our results suggest that lin-39, mab-5, and egl-5 might also pattern the posterior region of the animal for Q descendant migration. Previous studies showed that the spon-1 gene might be a target of MAB-5 in Q descendant migration. spon-1 encodes a secreted basement membrane molecule similar to vertebrate F-spondin. Here we show that spon-1 acts nonautonomously to control Q descendant migration, and might function as a permissive rather than instructive signal for cell migration. We find that increased levels of MAB-5 in body wall muscle (BWM) can drive the spon-1 promoter adjacent to the Q cells, and loss of spon-1 suppresses mab-5 gain of function. Thus, MAB-5 might nonautonomously control Q descendant migrations by patterning the posterior region of the animal to which Q cells respond. spon-1 expression from BWMs might be part of the posterior patterning necessary for directed Q descendant migration. Copyright © 2016 by the Genetics Society of America.

Nonautonomous Roles of MAB-5/Hox and the Secreted Basement Membrane Molecule SPON-1/F-Spondin in Caenorhabditis elegans Neuronal Migration

PubMed Central

Josephson, Matthew P.; Miltner, Adam M.; Lundquist, Erik A.

2016-01-01

Nervous system development and circuit formation requires neurons to migrate from their birthplaces to specific destinations.Migrating neurons detect extracellular cues that provide guidance information. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the Q right (QR) and Q left (QL) neuroblast descendants migrate long distances in opposite directions. The Hox gene lin-39 cell autonomously promotes anterior QR descendant migration, and mab-5/Hox cell autonomously promotes posterior QL descendant migration. Here we describe a nonautonomous role of mab-5 in regulating both QR and QL descendant migrations, a role masked by redundancy with lin-39. A third Hox gene, egl-5/Abdominal-B, also likely nonautonomously regulates Q descendant migrations. In the lin-39mab-5egl-5 triple mutant, little if any QR and QL descendant migration occurs. In addition to well-described roles of lin-39 and mab-5 in the Q descendants, our results suggest that lin-39, mab-5, and egl-5 might also pattern the posterior region of the animal for Q descendant migration. Previous studies showed that the spon-1 gene might be a target of MAB-5 in Q descendant migration. spon-1 encodes a secreted basement membrane molecule similar to vertebrate F-spondin. Here we show that spon-1 acts nonautonomously to control Q descendant migration, and might function as a permissive rather than instructive signal for cell migration. We find that increased levels of MAB-5 in body wall muscle (BWM) can drive the spon-1 promoter adjacent to the Q cells, and loss of spon-1 suppresses mab-5 gain of function. Thus, MAB-5 might nonautonomously control Q descendant migrations by patterning the posterior region of the animal to which Q cells respond. spon-1 expression from BWMs might be part of the posterior patterning necessary for directed Q descendant migration. PMID:27225683

A laser desorption ionization/matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization target system applicable for three distinct types of instruments (LinTOF/curved field RTOF, LinTOF/RTOF and QqRTOF) with different performance characteristics from three vendors.

PubMed

Rados, Edita; Pittenauer, Ernst; Frank, Johannes; Varmuza, Kurt; Allmaier, Günter

2018-04-30

We have developed a target system which enables the use of only one target (i.e. target preparation set) for three different laser desorption ionization (LDI)/matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometric instruments. The focus was on analysing small biomolecules with LDI for future use of the system for the study of meteorite samples (carbonaceous chondrites) using devices with different mass spectrometric performance characteristics. Three compounds were selected due to their potential presence in meteoritic chondrites: tryptophan, 2-deoxy-d-ribose and triphenylene. They were prepared (with and without MALDI matrix, i.e. MALDI and LDI) and analysed with three different mass spectrometers (LinTOF/curved field RTOF, LinTOF/RTOF and QqRTOF). The ion sources of two of the instruments were run at high vacuum, and one at intermediate pressure. Two devices used a laser wavelength of 355 nm and one a wavelength of 337 nm. The developed target system operated smoothly with all devices. Tryptophan, 2-deoxy-d-ribose and triphenylene showed similar desorption/ionization behaviour for all instruments using the LDI mode. Interestingly, protonated tryptophan could be observed only with the LinTOF/curved field RTOF device in LDI and MALDI mode, while sodiated molecules were observed with all three instruments (in both ion modes). Deprotonated tryptophan was almost completely obscured by matrix ions in the MALDI mode whereas LDI yielded abundant deprotonated molecules. The presented target system allowed successful analyses of the three compounds using instruments from different vendors with only one preparation showing different analyser performance characteristics. The elemental composition with the QqRTOF analyser and the high-energy 20 keV collision-induced dissociation fragmentation will be important in identifying unknown compounds in chondrites. © 2018 The Authors. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Preparing Students To Work on Newspaper Copy Desks: Are Educators Meeting Editors' Expectations?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Auman, Ann E.; Cook, Betsy B.

A study surveyed two groups in the fall of 1994, journalism educators and newspaper editors. Educators completed a survey regarding the course content and skill areas emphasized in beginning level copy editing courses, while editors were asked to respond to questions regarding the skills they expect entry-level copy editors to have. Respondents…

MRAPs, Irregular Warfare, and Pentagon Reform

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-06-01

U P R E S S S TA F F COLONEL DAVID H. GURNEY, USMC (RET.) Director DR. JEFFREY D. SMOTHERMAN Executive Editor GEORGE C. MAERZ Supervisory Editor...LISA M. YAMBRICK Writer-Editor CALVIN B. KELLEY Writer-Editor MARTIN J. PETERS Production Supervisor TARA J. PAREKH Visual Design Editor O T H E R T I T ...L E S I N T H E S E R I E S Choosing War: The Decision to Invade Iraq and Its Aftermath Occasional Paper 5, April 2008 China’s Global Activism

Web-Based Media Contents Editor for UCC Websites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Seoksoo

The purpose of this research is to "design web-based media contents editor for establishing UCC(User Created Contents)-based websites." The web-based editor features user-oriented interfaces and increased convenience, significantly different from previous off-line editors. It allows users to edit media contents online and can be effectively used for online promotion activities of enterprises and organizations. In addition to development of the editor, the research aims to support the entry of enterprises and public agencies to the online market by combining the technology with various UCC items.

Pushing the Material Limits in High Kappa Dielectrics on High Carrier Mobility Semiconductors for Science/Technology Beyond Si CMOS and More

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-28

In0.53Ga0.47As, with an Al2O3 cap, were employed as a gate dielectric. 15. SUBJECT TERMS CMOS, Magneto-optical imaging , Nanotechnology, Indium Gallium ...2012. 2. “ Thermodynamic stability of MBE-HfO2 on In0.53Ga0.47As”, T. D. Lin, P. Chang, W. C. Lee, M. L. Huang, C. A. Lin, J. Kwo, and M. Hong

International Conference on Superlattices, Microstructures and Microdevices (3rd) Held in Chicago, Illinois on August 17-20, 1987.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-08-20

contributed) A. Scherer, P. S. 0. Lin, P. Grobbe, Tp6 electron Impact Ionization from GaAs J. Harbison, L. Schiavone , Bell imntibued) quantum well...molecular beam epitaxy. 20 :’% .•% , *U.%.*. Mp 4 eVV % % Semiconductor Microcrystallites in Porous Glass and Their Applications in Optics .1%• John C. Luong...A. Scherer, P.S.D. Lin, P. Grabbe, J. Harbison, L. Schiavone .v/- Bell Communications Research Red Bank, NJ 07701 Recent advances in electron beam

A Computational Wireless Network Backplane: Performance in a Distributed Speaker Identification Application Postprint

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-01

AUTHOR(S) H.T. Kung, Chit-Kwan Lin, Chia-Yung Su, Dario Vlah, John Grieco, Mark Huggins, and Bruce Suter 5d. PROJECT NUMBER WCNA 5e. TASK NUMBER...APPLICATION H. T. Kung, Chit-Kwan Lin, Chia-Yung Su, Dario Vlah John Grieco†, Mark Huggins‡, Bruce Suter† Harvard University Air Force Research Lab†, Oasis...contributing its C7 processors used in our wireless testbed. REFERENCES [1] R. North, N. Browne, and L. Schiavone , “Joint tactical radio system - connecting

Therapeutic Inhibitors of LIN28/let-7 Pathway in Ovarian Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

generate loss of function lines (siRNA and the CrispR /Cas9 system). Task 4. Determine oncogenic properties associated with TUTase and LIN28B loss in...of-function cell lines to complement our already generated shRNA lines, we are developing handson experience with CrispR /Cas9 technology to...generate stable cell lines where our genes of interest will be inactivated. The advantage of the CrispR /Cas9 method is that stable lines can be

General and Robust Strategies for Multifunctional Organic-Inorganic Nanocompositesvia Direct Growth of Monodisperse Nanocrystals Intimately and Permanently Connected with Polymers

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-21

Nanocrystals Intimately and Permanently Connected with Polymers Zhiqun Lin GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH CORPORATION Final Report 04/21/2016 DISTRIBUTION A...Connected with Polymers 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER FA9550-13-1-0101 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Lin, Zhiqun 5d. PROJECT...and properties, which are intimately and permanently capped by polymers on their surface (i.e., forming organic-inorganic nanocomposites), by

Chaperone Function in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-01

differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92, 11081-11085. Yong, W., Yang, Z., Periyasamy, S., Chen, H., Yucel, S., Li, W., Lin, L. Y., Wolf , I. M., Cohn, M...Biol Chem 282, 5026-5036. Yong, W., Yang, Z., Periyasamy, S., Chen, H., Yucel, S., Li, W., Lin, L. Y., Wolf , I. M., Cohn, M. J., Baskin, L. S., et... Reintroduction of AR into PC-3 cells activates the endogenous FKBP51 gene, an observation that is consistent with AR regulation of FKBP51 expression

Single Microwave-Photon Detector using an Artificial Lambda-type Three-Level System

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-01-11

Single microwave-photon detector using an artificial Λ-type three- level system Kunihiro Inomata,1∗†, Zhirong Lin,1†, Kazuki Koshino,2, William D...three- level system Kunihiro Inomata,1∗† Zhirong Lin,1† Kazuki Koshino,2 William D. Oliver,3,4 Jaw-Shen Tsai,1 Tsuyoshi Yamamoto,5 Yasunobu Nakamura...single-microwave-photon detector based on the deterministic switching in an artificial Λ-type three- level system implemented using the dressed states of a

Understanding Selective Downregulation of c-Myc Expression through Inhibition of General Transcription Regulators in Multiple Myeloma

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Dr. Charles Lin 5e. TASK NUMBER E-Mail: Charles_lin@dfci.harvard.edu 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7...landscape of Multiple Myeloma (MM), this project has endeavored to provide an explanatory mechanism for how treatment with inhibitors of chromatin...category: 1472-1), BRD4 (Epitomics, category: 5716-1) or b-actin ( Sigma , clone AC-15, A5441). Data Analysis All ChIP-seq data sets were aligned using

Spectroscopic Investigation of the Argon Metastable State Through Optical Emission From Pulsed Argon Discharge

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-07-01

a multielectron atom from occupying the same stationary state. This is expressed in the Pauli exclusion principle as the rule that no two electrons...ed. (John Wiley and Sons Inc., ADDRESS, 1971). 54 [20] R. O. Jung , J. B. Boffard, L. W. Anderson, and C. C. Lin, Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular...Physics 41, 065206 (2008). [34] J. B. Boffard, R. O. Jung , C. C. Lin, and A. E. Wendt, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 18, 035017 (2009). [35

The San Andreas Fault System, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wallace, Robert E.

1990-01-01

Maps of northern and southern California printed on flyleaf inside front cover and on adjacent pages show faults that have had displacement within the past 2 million years. Those that have had displacement within historical time are shown in red. Bands of red tint emphasize zones of historical displacement; bands of orange tint emphasize major faults that have had Quaternary displacement before historical time. Faults are dashed where uncertain, dotted where covered by sedimentary deposits, and queried when doubtful. Arrows indicate direction of relative movement; sawteeth on upper plate of thrust fault. These maps are reproductions, in major part, of selected plates from the "Fault Map of California," published in 1975 by the California Division of Mines and Geology at a scale of 1:750,000; the State map was compiled and data interpreted by Charles W. Jennings. New data about faults, not shown on the 1975 edition, required modest revisions, primarily additions however, most of the map was left unchanged because the California Division of Mines and Geology is currently engaged in a major revision and update of the 1975 edition. Because of the reduced scale here, names of faults and places were redrafted or omitted. Faults added to the reduced map are not as precise as on the original State map, and the editor of this volume selected certain faults and omitted others. Principal regions for which new information was added are the region north of the San Francisco Bay area and the offshore regions.Many people have contributed to the present map, but the editor is solely responsible for any errors and omissions. Among those contributing informally, but extensively, and the regions to which each contributed were G.A. Carver, onland region north of lat 40°N.; S.H. Clarke, offshore region north of Cape Mendocino; R.J. McLaughlin, onland region between lat 40°00' and 40°30' N. and long 123°30' and 124°30' W.; D.S. McCulloch offshore region between lat 35° and 40° N.; J.G. Vedder, offshore reglor south of lat 35° N.; and D.G. Herd, southern San Francisco Bay region. The Fault Evaluation Program of the California Division of Mines and Geology under the direction of E.W. Hart, provided much data about many faults. Unpublished material about the Bartlett Springs fault zone that was gathered by Geomatrix Consultants for the Pacific Gas and Electric Co. was very useful. In addition, selected publications that provided invaluable data include Bortugno (1982), Herd (1977), Herd and Helley (1977), Pampeyan and others (1981), and Yerkes and others (1980). 

29 CFR 793.8 - “News editor.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false âNews editor.â 793.8 Section 793.8 Labor Regulations... Exemption § 793.8 “News editor.” A news editor is an employee who gathers, edits and rewrites the news. He may also select and prepare news items for broadcast and present the news on the air. An employee who...

29 CFR 793.8 - “News editor.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false âNews editor.â 793.8 Section 793.8 Labor Regulations... Exemption § 793.8 “News editor.” A news editor is an employee who gathers, edits and rewrites the news. He may also select and prepare news items for broadcast and present the news on the air. An employee who...

29 CFR 793.8 - “News editor.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false âNews editor.â 793.8 Section 793.8 Labor Regulations... Exemption § 793.8 “News editor.” A news editor is an employee who gathers, edits and rewrites the news. He may also select and prepare news items for broadcast and present the news on the air. An employee who...

29 CFR 793.8 - “News editor.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false âNews editor.â 793.8 Section 793.8 Labor Regulations... Exemption § 793.8 “News editor.” A news editor is an employee who gathers, edits and rewrites the news. He may also select and prepare news items for broadcast and present the news on the air. An employee who...

29 CFR 793.8 - “News editor.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false âNews editor.â 793.8 Section 793.8 Labor Regulations... Exemption § 793.8 “News editor.” A news editor is an employee who gathers, edits and rewrites the news. He may also select and prepare news items for broadcast and present the news on the air. An employee who...

Academic Degradation and the Retreat of the Editors: Academic Irregularities and the Spreading of Academic Corruption from an Editor's Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Xun, Gong

2007-01-01

Against the backdrop of the grave academic crisis in China, editors have become the objects of wooing, favor-currying, connections-seeking, and collusions; they have been targeted for attacks, plots, extortions, and encroachments. Editing and publishing have become avenues for academic irregularities and academic corruption. Editors have the power…

PREFACE: Fourth International Workshop on Inelastic Ion-Surface Collisions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sigmund, Peter

1983-01-01

The Fourth International Workshop on Inelastic Ion-Surface Collisions was held at Hindsgavl Manor near Middelfart, Denmark from 21 to 24 September 1982, following previous workshops held in Murray Hill, New Jersey (1976), Hamilton, Ontario (1978) and Feldkirchen-Westerham, Bavaria (1980). Like in the previous meetings, the underlying idea was to gather a moderately small group of researchers to discuss fundamental physical and chemical problems in a number of areas that are related, but are normally represented at separate conferences focusing on different aspects. The area of inelastic ion-surface collisions has a wide diversity of applications ranging from surface analysis by particle impact through microelectronic and controlled thermonuclear fusion devices to biomolecule identification and solar wind effects in planetary space. There are strong links to surface science and atomic collision physics and their respective applications. The present series of workshops is an attempt to focus on fundamental problems common to all these areas and thus to provide a forum for fruitful interaction. At Middelfart, we were lucky to have an exceptional number of well-presented and stimulating summary talks covering a rather broad range of fundamental processes with the emphasis shifting back and forth between collisional and surface aspects. Moreover, there was a wealth of short contributions on current research, of which many were submitted to the present proceedings. Thanks to the speakers, an active audience, and considerate session chairmen, we had extensive and lively but friendly discussions in an always stimulating atmosphere. This volume contains 11 of 13 invited papers and 15 of the 30 contributions presented orally at the workshop. It should, like the proceedings of the previous workshops, give a balanced survey of the current status of the field, with a slight bias toward recent developments like those in the theory of charge states of sputtered atoms, and others. All papers have undergone a normal, and occasionally extensive, refereeing procedure. In the midst of the editing process, I received the news that one of the invited speakers, Morton Traum of Bell Laboratories, had died at age 41 on 1 December, 1982 in Stoughton, Wisconsin. Mort had delivered a superb talk on Desorption and Sputtering by Electronic Processes and had been one of the most active participants and perhaps the most broadly oriented one of the workshop. His intense curiosity and serene charm, combined with a solid background in all parts of surface science, contributed stimulating ideas to most of the topics discussed. In preparing the workshop, I got much useful advice and constructive criticism from the members of the international committee. The assistance of the members of the local committee, Nils Andersen, Flemming Besenbacher, Jens Nørskov and Jens Onsgaard, as well as Erling Hartmann, Tove Nyberg and my wife Pia was instrumental at various stages before, during and after the workshop. Generous funding was received from the Office of Naval Research, the Danish Natural Science Research Council, NORDITA, the Nordic Accelerator Committee, the Research Foundation of Odense University and the Danish Provincial Bank. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the professional service of the Hindsgavl Conference Center and the smooth cooperation with Dr N R Nilsson, executive editor of Physica Scripta.

Editors on Unix

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clayton, C. A.

The purpose of this document is to give new users advice on how to choose which editor to use on Unix machines. Under Unix the default editors are considered to be unfriendly and many users prefer to use other more sophisticated alternatives. However, many such alternatives exist; there is not one single editor that everyone finds acceptable and hence each user must decide for himself or herself which to adopt.

The Lives and Hard Times of Magazine Editors in the Big Apple: A Report on the Society of Magazine Editors' Educators Seminar.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

English, John W.

This report chronicles the first Society of Magazine Editors' educators seminar, which was held in New York from May 13-17, 1974, and was attended by ten journalism faculty. The industry's concerns, as expressed through editors, are paper, printing, postage, people, and profit. The Magazine Publishers Association (MPA) seems mostly concerned with…

S-linolenoyl glutathione intake extends life-span and stress resistance via Sir-2.1 upregulation in Caenorhabditis elegans.

PubMed

Cascella, Roberta; Evangelisti, Elisa; Zampagni, Mariagioia; Becatti, Matteo; D'Adamio, Giampiero; Goti, Andrea; Liguri, Gianfranco; Fiorillo, Claudia; Cecchi, Cristina

2014-08-01

Oxidative stress has a prominent role in life-span regulation of living organisms. One of the endogenous free radical scavenger systems is associated with glutathione (GSH), the most abundant nonprotein thiol in mammalian cells, acting as a major reducing agent and in antioxidant defense by maintaining a tight control over redox status. We have recently designed a series of novel S-acyl-GSH derivatives capable of preventing amyloid oxidative stress and cholinergic dysfunction in Alzheimer disease models, upon an increase in GSH intake. In this study we show that the longevity of the wild-type N2 Caenorhabditis elegans strain was significantly enhanced by dietary supplementation with linolenoyl-SG (lin-SG) thioester with respect to the ethyl ester of GSH, linolenic acid, or vitamin E. RNA interference analysis and activity inhibition assay indicate that life-span extension was mediated by the upregulation of Sir-2.1, a NAD-dependent histone deacetylase ortholog of mammalian SIRT1. In particular, lin-SG-mediated overexpression of Sir-2.1 appears to be related to the Daf-16 (FoxO) pathway. Moreover, the lin-SG derivative protects N2 worms from the paralysis and oxidative stress induced by Aβ/H2O2 exposure. Overall, our findings put forward lin-SG thioester as an antioxidant supplement triggering sirtuin upregulation, thus opening new future perspectives for healthy aging or delayed onset of oxidative-related diseases. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Germ-line induction of the Caenorhabditis elegans vulva

PubMed Central

Thompson, Beth E.; Lamont, Liana B.; Kimble, Judith

2006-01-01

Development of the Caenorhabditis elegans vulva serves as a paradigm for intercellular signaling during animal development. In wild-type animals, the somatic gonadal anchor cell generates the LIN-3/EGF ligand to induce vulval fates in the underlying hypodermis, whereas FBF, FOG-1, and FOG-3 control germ-line development. Here we report that FBF functions redundantly with FOG-1 and FOG-3 to control vulval induction: animals lacking FBF and either FOG-1 or FOG-3 have multiple vulvae, the Muv phenotype. The fog; fbf Muv phenotype is generated by aberrant induction of vulval precursor cells (VPCs): in wild-type animals, three VPCs are induced to form a single vulva, but, in fog; fbf mutants, four or five VPCs are typically induced, resulting in ectopic vulvae. Laser ablation experiments and mosaic analyses demonstrate that the germ line is critical for the fog; fbf Muv phenotype. Consistent with that site of action, we detect FBF and FOG-1 in the germ line but not in the VPCs. The simplest interpretation is that FOG-1, FOG-3, and FBF act in the germ line to influence vulval fates. The LIN-3/EGF ligand may be the germ-line signal to the VPCs: the fog; fbf Muv phenotype depends on LIN-3 activity, and the lin-3 3′ UTR possesses an FBF binding element. Our findings reveal new insights into germ line-to-soma signals and the role of PUF proteins in animal development. PMID:16407099

The expression of the Alzheimer’s Amyloid Precursor Protein-like gene is regulated by developmental timing microRNAs and their targets in Caenorhabditis elegans

PubMed Central

Niwa, Ryusuke; Zhou, Feng; Li, Chris; Slack, Frank J.

2008-01-01

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of dense plaques in the brain, resulting in progressive dementia. A major plaque component is the β-amyloid peptide, which is a cleavage product of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Studies of dominant inheritable familial AD support the hypothesis that APP is critical for AD development. On the other hand, the pathogenesis of amyloid plaque deposition in AD is thought to be the result of age-related changes with unknown mechanisms. Here we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of APP, APP-like-1 (apl-1), functions with and is under the control of molecules regulating developmental progression. In C. elegans, the timing of cell fate determination is controlled by the heterochronic genes, including let-7 microRNAs. C. elegans apl-1 shows significant genetic interactions with let-7 family microRNAs and let-7-targeted heterochronic genes, hbl-1, lin-41 and lin-42. apl-1 expression is upregulated during the last larval stage in hypodermal seam cells which is transcriptionally regulated by hbl-1, lin-41 and lin-42. Moreover, the levels of the apl-1 transcription are modulated by the activity of let-7 family microRNAs. Our works places apl-1 in a developmental timing pathway and may provide new insights into the time-dependent progression of AD. PMID:18262516

Views of Iranian medical journal editors on medical research publication.

PubMed

Etemadi, Arash; Raiszadeh, Farbod; Alaeddini, Farshid; Azizi, Fereidoun

2004-01-01

Medical journal editors play an important role in optimizing research publication. This study evaluates the views of Iranian medical journal editors, and their knowledge of medical publication standards. In May 2001, 51 editors from all journals approved by the Ministry of Health were invited to participate, 27 of whom completed the study. A self-administered questionnaire, based on the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (URMS) was used which consisted of 28 questions in 9 subject fields. These fields included: peer review, conflicts of interest, authorship criteria, publication ethics, duplicate publication, mass media, advertising, competing manuscripts, and the Internet. The knowledge of the editors was assessed by a scoring system, with a range of -46 to +44 points. Twenty-three of the participants were editors-in-chief and 4 were managing editors. Their average age was 47.3 +/- 8.7 years and 25 were male. All journals were peer-reviewed, most having 2 or 3 reviewers for each manuscript. Of the journals, 92.6% accepted or rejected an article on the basis of the views of most reviewers and 52%, sometimes or always, used a statistician as a reviewer. Most of the editors believed that writing the first draft and designing the study are authorship criteria, and most of them believed that these 2 are stated in URMS. Seven journals (25.9%) never published advertisements. Among journals that sold advertisements, the most popular policy (85%) was the rejection of advertisements because they advertised harmful products. Out of 27 journals, 12 were accessible on the Internet, and 7 had independent websites. Of the editors, 81.5% thought that a website is useful for their journal. The average knowledge score of the editors was 6.5 +/- 7.5. None had a negative score, 33% scored zero, 45% obtained average scores and 22% obtained good scores. The results show that peer review is favored by all the editors studied, though it seems that journals do not follow clear-cut policies in this regard. Most of the editors, agreed with the statements of URMS to some extent and generally most have average to high knowledge of URMS.

The Ecological Domain of Warfare

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-06-01

of military performance in terms of e.g., unpredictability, nonlinearity and self organized criticality. [4] The issues of complex interactions...WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Kockums AB,SE-371 82 Karlskrona,Sweden, , 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT...by the architechture for Open Computational Systems itself [Alberts & Hayes (2003)] Author: Jens-Olof Lindh, Security class: UNCLASSIFIED Status

Do Facilitated Online Dual Credit Classes Result in Deep Learning?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stark Education Partnership, 2015

2015-01-01

This study, with funding from the Jennings Foundation, sought to answer the following broad research question: Do facilitated online dual credit courses result in deep learning? The answer to this question is key to addressing barriers many students face in bridging from high school to college. This report includes a descriptive case study that…

78 FR 12346 - Jennings Low-Effect Habitat Conservation Plan for the Morro Shoulderband Snail, Community of Los...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-22

... Fish and Wildlife Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2493 Portola Road, Suite B, Ventura, CA 93003... the following activities: ``to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or... located at 460 Los Osos Valley Road in western portion of Los Osos, an unincorporated community of San...

Fundamental Studies in the Molecular Basis of Laser Induced Retinal Damage.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-09-01

Mandel, P. (1977) Exp. Eye Res. 25, 163-169. 19. Schwabe, U., Puchstein, C. Hannemann , H. and Sochtig, E. (1979) Nature 277, 143-145. 20. Richards, J...Hagins, W. A. and Jennings , W. H. (1959) Discussion Faraday Soc. 27, 180-190. 19. Borwein, B. (1983) Anat. Rec. 205, 363-373. 20. Yoshikami, S

Taiwan-U.S. Political Relations: New Strains and Changes

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-10-10

and KMT Representatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 FAPA ... FAPA ), September 20, 2006. 12 Tkacik, John, “Strategy Deficit: America’s Security in the Pacific and Its Stake in Taiwan,” from a manuscript yet... FAPA , September 20, 2006. 58 Since 2000, the heads of the TECRO office in Washington have been C. J. (Chien-jen) Chen and David (Tawei) Li

Economic Analysis of the Greenland Inland Traverse (GrIT)

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

Weale of CRREL and that Randy Olsen, Gary Eells, Jen Mer- cer, and Scot Arnold provided on behalf of NSF-PLR. COL Bryan S. Green was Commander of ERDC...pontoons as lightweight, compliant suspensions be- tween HMW-PE sheets and wood -framed cargo decks. In 2012, GrIT de- ployed several tube-in-pouch ARCS

Emergency Nursing Review Questions: July 2017.

PubMed

Shaw, Tracy

2017-07-01

The review questions that are featured in each of issue of JEN are based on the Emergency Nursing Core Curriculum and other pertinent resources to emergency nursing practice, pediatric and adult. These questions offer emergency nurses an opportunity to test their knowledge about their practice. Copyright © 2017 Emergency Nurses Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Aping Humanity--Scopes: A Tale of Two Titans of Law.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Larson, Edward J.

1999-01-01

Describes the John Scopes case of 1925 in which he was tried and convicted for teaching evolution. Gives background on the two famous attorneys for the case: William Jennings Bryan and Clarence Darrow. Explains that the case turned into a media sensation because of the profound issues and oratory skills of the attorneys. (CMK)

A Nationwide Population-Based Approach to Study Health-Related and Psychosocial Aspects of Neurofibromatosis Type 1

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-07-31

the relatively narrow focus on Wechsler’s IQ test (WAIS-IV) – a test chosen primarily due to budget constraints. Thus, to meet the requests from the...consultants allows us to re-allocate financial resources to address the limitations of our study 7 raised by the reviewers. Jens Richardt Møllegaard

Summary Report for the Army Research Organization (ARO) Workshop on Social Trust Computing

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-14

5 2.5 Munindar Singh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.6 Ugur Kuter...12 2 1 Attendees • Jen Golbeck (UMD) • Ugur Kuter (UMD) • Jim Hendler (RPI) • John O’Donnovan (UCSB...social computing applications, such as those involving personal, communal, organizational, and contractual relationships. 2.6 Ugur Kuter Every day, people

Chicago's Columbus Park: The Prairie Idealized. Teaching with Historic Places.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bachrach, Julia Sniderman; Nathan, Jo Ann

Twenty-four year old Jens Jensen came to the United States, settled in Chicago (Illinois), and promptly fell in love with the Midwest's prairie landscape. Although some thought that prairie was boring, monotonous, and ordinary, Jensen saw great beauty in the tree-filled groves, long winding rivers, natural rock formations and waterfalls, and the…

The Changing Politics of School Finance. Third Annual Yearbook of the American Education Finance Association.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cambron-McCabe, Nelda H., Ed.; Odden, Allan, Ed.

Nine chapters focus on major areas and issues in educational finance. Chapter 1, "Turning-Point Election Periods in the Politics of Education" by Laurence Innaccone, reports on research on changes in the national political context. John F. Jennings in chapter 2, "Politics of Federal Aid," discusses social, economic, and…

How is research publishing going to progress in the next 20 years?: transcription of session for editors, associate editors, publishers and others with an interest in scientific publishing held at IADR meeting in Seattle on Wednesday, 20 March 2013.

PubMed

Eaton, Kenneth A; Rex Holland, G; Giannobile, William V; Hancocks, Stephen; Robinson, Peter G; Lynch, Christopher D

2014-03-01

On March 20th 2013, a one-hour session for Editors, Associate Editors, Publishers and others with an interest in scientific publishing was held at the IADR International Session in Seattle. Organised by Kenneth Eaton and Christopher Lynch (Chair and Secretary, respectively, of the British Dental Editors Forum), the meeting sought to bring together leading international experts in dental publishing, as well as authors, reviewers and students engaged in research. The meeting was an overwhelming success, with more than 100 attendees. A panel involving four leading dental editors led a discussion on anticipated developments in publishing dental research with much involvement and contribution from audience members. This was the third such meeting held at the IADR for Editors, Associate Editors, Publishers and others with an interest in scientific publishing. A follow-up session will take place in Cape Town on 25 June 2014 as part of the annual IADR meeting. The transcript of the Seattle meeting is reproduced in this article. Where possible speakers are identified by name. At the first time of mention their role/position is also stated, thereafter only their name appears. We are grateful to Stephen Hancocks Ltd. for their generous sponsorship of this event. For those who were not able to attend the authors hope this article gives a flavour of the discussions and will encourage colleagues to attend future events. Involvement is open to Editors, Associate Editors, Publishers and others with an interest in scientific publishing. It is a very open group and all those with an interest will be welcome to join in. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

From scientist to editor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Novoselov, Kostya S.; Pulizzi, Fabio

2018-06-01

Kostya S. Novoselov, professor of physics at the University of Manchester, UK, has been digging into the details of the life of an editor by asking Fabio Pulizzi, Chief Editor of Nature Nanotechnology, some inside information on his work.

Space Shuttle/TDRSS communication and tracking systems analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lindsey, W. C.; Chie, C. M.; Cideciyan, R.; Dessouky, K.; Su, Y. T.; Tsang, C. S.

1986-04-01

In order to evaluate the technical and operational problem areas and provide a recommendation, the enhancements to the Tracking and Data Delay Satellite System (TDRSS) and Shuttle must be evaluated through simulation and analysis. These enhancement techniques must first be characterized, then modeled mathematically, and finally updated into LinCsim (analytical simulation package). The LinCsim package can then be used as an evaluation tool. Three areas of potential enhancements were identified: shuttle payload accommodations, TDRSS SSA and KSA services, and shuttle tracking system and navigation sensors. Recommendations for each area were discussed.

Space Shuttle/TDRSS communication and tracking systems analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lindsey, W. C.; Chie, C. M.; Cideciyan, R.; Dessouky, K.; Su, Y. T.; Tsang, C. S.

1986-01-01

In order to evaluate the technical and operational problem areas and provide a recommendation, the enhancements to the Tracking and Data Delay Satellite System (TDRSS) and Shuttle must be evaluated through simulation and analysis. These enhancement techniques must first be characterized, then modeled mathematically, and finally updated into LinCsim (analytical simulation package). The LinCsim package can then be used as an evaluation tool. Three areas of potential enhancements were identified: shuttle payload accommodations, TDRSS SSA and KSA services, and shuttle tracking system and navigation sensors. Recommendations for each area were discussed.

A new nuclide transport model in soil in the GENII-LIN health physics code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Teodori, F.

2017-11-01

The nuclide soil transfer model, originally included in the GENII-LIN software system, was intended for residual contamination from long term activities and from waste form degradation. Short life nuclides were supposed absent or at equilibrium with long life parents. Here we present an enhanced soil transport model, where short life nuclide contributions are correctly accounted. This improvement extends the code capabilities to handle incidental release of contaminant to soil, by evaluating exposure since the very beginning of the contamination event, before the radioactive decay chain equilibrium is reached.

Automatic Registration of Scanned Satellite Imagery with a Digital Map Data Base.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-11-01

define the corresponding map window (mW)(procedure TRANSFORMWINDOW MAP A-- S4S Araofms Cpo iin et Serc Area deiatl compAr tal _______________ T...to a LIST-item). LIN: = ( ® code 2621431 ; ® pointer LA to the line list, © pointer PRI; pointer PR2), LIST: = ( Q pointer PL to a LIN-item; n pointer...items where PL -pointers are replaced by a code for the beginning (the number 262140 in our case) and end (the number 26241). Figure 3.2 illustra- tes a

Modulating Leukemia-Initiating Cell Quiescence to Improve Leukemia Treatment

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

T- cells and in innate immunity (Lacorazza et al., 2002). It controls the proliferation and homing of CD8+ T- cells via the Kruppel-like factors...Lin2Sca12IL7R2Kit1FccRII/ IIIhighCD34high), megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (MEP) (Lin2Sca12IL7R2Kit1FccRII/IIIlowCD34low), and common lymphoid ...to this model, the first wave gives rise exclusively to innate immune B cells in early embryonic life and may be derived from progenitor cells

Chaperone Function in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-01

funding). To address this need, I have located a collaborator (Dr. Scott Lucia) at the University of Colorado who should be able to perform the IHC on his...Periyasamy, S., Chen, H., Yucel, S., Li, W., Lin, L. Y., Wolf , I. M., Cohn, M. J., Baskin, L. S., et al. (2007a). Essential role for Co-chaperone...Yucel, S., Li, W., Lin, L. Y., Wolf , I. M., Cohn, M. J., Baskin, L. S., et al. (2007b). Essential role for Co-chaperone Fkbp52 but not Fkbp51 in

Burke new Tectonics editor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kevin C. Burke, National Academy of Sciences/ National Research Council (NAS/NRC), assumed responsibilities as Editor in Chief of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) journal Tectonics at the beginning of 1990, taking over from Raymond A. Price, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario. Asger Berthelsen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, continues as the European Editor, and Paul F. Hoffman, Geological Society of Canada, assumes the task of North American Editor. Tectonics is a joint publication of AGU and the European Geophysical Society.

Navy Warfare Development Command’s NEXT Magazine, Spring 2014 Edition. Volume 2, Number 1

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-01

m~plqy pr«i:ion """apron:. (tlld ~rm barrk> damag" a:sfl:-sm.gnt. (U..S. ,. IQ \\.)’ photo by Kun L0tg{lllkf~IU1«SSN) 14 nEXT SPRING2014 lead <o an...intel6gence windfaJ but may also overwhelm intelligence analysts. The OAW raises some interesting legal issues. For instance, the possibility of...against terrorists has Glready raised concerns at the United Nations about robotic warfare. AI of these issues will need to be addressed as the DAW

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Candidate eruptive young stars in Lynds 1340 (Kun+, 2014)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kun, M.; Apai, D.; O'Linger-Luscusk, J.; Moor, A.; Stecklum, B.; Szegedi-Elek, E.; Wolf-Chase, G.

2016-07-01

Lynds 1340 was observed by the Spitzer Space Telescope using the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on 2009 March 16 and the Multiband Imaging Photometer (MIPS) for Spitzer on 2008 November 26 (Prog. ID: 50691, PI: G. Fazio). The observations covered ~1deg2 in each band. We obtained low-resolution optical spectra for the star coinciding with IRAS 02224+7227 on 2003 February 5 using CAFOS with the G-100 grism on the 2.2m Telescope of the Calar Alto Observatory, and on 2004 December 11 using FAST on the 1.5m FLWO Telescope. High angular resolution JHK images, centered on the same star, were obtained on 2002 October 24 using the near-infrared camera Omega-Cass, mounted on the 3.5m Telescope of the Calar Alto Observatory. We performed a new search for Hα emission stars in L1340 using the Wide Field Grism Spectrograph 2 installed on the University of Hawaii 2.2m Telescope. We observed 2MASS J02263797+7304575 on 2011 October 16 and detected a Hα emission with EW(Hα)=-80Å in its spectrum. The Ks magnitude of 2MASS J02325605+7246055 was measured on the images obtained on 2010 October 18, during the monitoring program of V1180 Cas (Kun et al. 2011, J/ApJ/733/L8), using the MAGIC camera on the 2.2m Telescope of the Calar Alto Observatory. Narrow-band images through [SII] and Hα filters, as well as broad R-band images containing the environment of 2MASSJ02325605+7246055, were obtained with the Schmidt Telescope of the Thuringer Landessternwarte (TLS), Tautenburg in 2011 May, June, and September. Spectra of the nebula and the two brightest HH knots were obtained using the TLS medium-resolution Nasmyth spectrograph (R~700) in 2011 November. BVRCIC photometric observations of IRAS 02224+7227 were performed with the 1m Ritchey-Chretien-Coude (RCC) Telescope of the Konkoly Observatory at three epochs between 2001 and 2011. We measured the RC and IC magnitudes of IRAS 02224+7227 and 2MASSJ02263797+7304575 at several epochs between 2011 January and 2014 June on the images collected with the wide-field camera on the Schmidt Telescope of the Konkoly Observatory to monitor the light variations of V1180 Cas (Kun et al. 2011, J/ApJ/733/L8). L1340 is situated within Stripe 1260 of the SEGUE survey (Yanny et al. 2009, J/AJ/137/4377), thus its entire area was observed in the ugriz bands in 2005 November-December. Each target star has high-quality 3.4, 4.6, 12, and 22um fluxes in the AllWISE data base. (1 data file).

Entomologic and avian investigations of an epidemic of West Nile fever in Romania in 1996, with serologic and molecular characterization of a virus isolate from mosquitoes.

PubMed

Savage, H M; Ceianu, C; Nicolescu, G; Karabatsos, N; Lanciotti, R; Vladimirescu, A; Laiv, L; Ungureanu, A; Romanca, C; Tsai, T F

1999-10-01

Between July and October 1996, a West Nile (WN) fever epidemic occurred in the southern plain and Danube Valley of Romania and in the capital city of Bucharest, resulting in hundreds of neurologic cases and 17 fatalities. In early October 1996, entomologic and avian investigations of the epidemic were conducted in the city of Bucharest and nearby rural areas. Thirty (41%) of 73 domestic fowl sampled had neutralizing antibody to WN virus, including 5 of 13 ducks (38%), 1 of 1 goose, 19 of 52 chickens (37%), 1 of 1 peahen, and 4 of 6 turkeys (67%). Seroprevalence in domestic fowl (27%, or 7 of 26) from the urban Bucharest site was not significantly different (P = 0.08, by Fisher's exact test) than rates at three rural sites (50%, or 23 of 46). Serum collected from one of 12 Passeriformes, an Erithacus rubecula, was positive for neutralizing antibody to WN virus. A total of 5,577 mosquitoes representing seven taxa were collected. Culex pipiens pipiens accounted for 96% of the mosquitoes collected. A single virus isolate, RO97-50, was obtained from a pool of 30 Cx. p. pipiens females aspirated from the walls and ceiling of a blockhouse located near the center of Bucharest, resulting in a minimum infection rate of 0.19 per 1,000. Antisera prepared against RO97-50 failed to distinguish among RO97-50, WN virus strain Eg101, and Kunjin (KUN) virus strain MRM16. A 2,323-basepair DNA fragment of the envelope (E) glycoprotein gene from RO97-50 and a Romanian WN virus strain obtained from a human cerebrospinal fluid sample, RO96-1030, were sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses of 23 WN virus strains and one KUN virus strain using the amino acid and nucleotide sequences for a small portion of the E gene suggest the existence of two large lineages of viruses. Bootstrap analysis of the nucleotide alignment indicated strong support (95%) for a lineage composed of WN virus strains from northern Africa, including isolates from Egypt and Algeria, and west, central, and east Africa, all of the European isolates, those from France and Romania, an Israeli isolate, and an isolate of KUN virus from Australia. The nucleotide sequence of RO97-50 was identical to the sequence of a WN virus isolate obtained from Cx. neavei mosquitoes from Senegal and Cx. univittatus mosquitoes from Kenya. The phylogenetic analyses were compatible with the introduction of virus into Romania by birds migrating from sub-Saharan Africa, to northern Africa, and into southern Europe.

Emotions under discussion: gender, status and communication in online collaboration.

PubMed

Iosub, Daniela; Laniado, David; Castillo, Carlos; Fuster Morell, Mayo; Kaltenbrunner, Andreas

2014-01-01

Despite the undisputed role of emotions in teamwork, not much is known about the make-up of emotions in online collaboration. Publicly available repositories of collaboration data, such as Wikipedia editor discussions, now enable the large-scale study of affect and dialogue in peer production. We investigate the established Wikipedia community and focus on how emotion and dialogue differ depending on the status, gender, and the communication network of the [Formula: see text] editors who have written at least 100 comments on the English Wikipedia's article talk pages. Emotions are quantified using a word-based approach comparing the results of two predefined lexicon-based methods: LIWC and SentiStrength. We find that administrators maintain a rather neutral, impersonal tone, while regular editors are more emotional and relationship-oriented, that is, they use language to form and maintain connections to other editors. A persistent gender difference is that female contributors communicate in a manner that promotes social affiliation and emotional connection more than male editors, irrespective of their status in the community. Female regular editors are the most relationship-oriented, whereas male administrators are the least relationship-focused. Finally, emotional and linguistic homophily is prevalent: editors tend to interact with other editors having similar emotional styles (e.g., editors expressing more anger connect more with one another). Emotional expression and linguistic style in online collaboration differ substantially depending on the contributors' gender and status, and on the communication network. This should be taken into account when analyzing collaborative success, and may prove insightful to communities facing gender gap and stagnation in contributor acquisition and participation levels.

Microbial properties database editor tutorial

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A Microbial Properties Database Editor (MPDBE) has been developed to help consolidate microbialrelevant data to populate a microbial database and support a database editor by which an authorized user can modify physico-microbial properties related to microbial indicators and pathogens. Physical prop...

Microbial Properties Database Editor Tutorial

EPA Science Inventory

A Microbial Properties Database Editor (MPDBE) has been developed to help consolidate microbial-relevant data to populate a microbial database and support a database editor by which an authorized user can modify physico-microbial properties related to microbial indicators and pat...

Meet the Editors: JGR-Atmospheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Mohi

2006-04-01

Three scientists were newly appointed and one scientist was reappointed last year as editors of JGR-Atmospheres. The three new editors, John Austin, Jose D. Fuentes, and Ruth Lieberman, along with returning editor Colin O'Dowd, would like to see several changes made to the journal. ``JGR-Atmospheres is still regarded as the highest-quality atmospheric science journal, having perhaps one of the most stringent and rigorous review processes,'' said O'Dowd. ``However, there is still room for improvement.''

[The Chilean Association of Biomedical Journal Editors].

PubMed

Reyes, H

2001-01-01

On September 29th, 2000, The Chilean Association of Biomedical Journal Editors was founded, sponsored by the "Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT)" (the Governmental Agency promoting and funding scientific research and technological development in Chile) and the "Sociedad Médica de Santiago" (Chilean Society of Internal Medicine). The Association adopted the goals of the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) and therefore it will foster "cooperation and communication among Editors of Chilean biomedical journals; to improve editorial standards, to promote professionalism in medical editing through education, self-criticism and self-regulation; and to encourage research on the principles and practice of medical editing". Twenty nine journals covering a closely similar number of different biomedical sciences, medical specialties, veterinary, dentistry and nursing, became Founding Members of the Association. A Governing Board was elected: President: Humberto Reyes, M.D. (Editor, Revista Médica de Chile); Vice-President: Mariano del Sol, M.D. (Editor, Revista Chilena de Anatomía); Secretary: Anna María Prat (CONICYT); Councilors: Manuel Krauskopff, Ph.D. (Editor, Biological Research) and Maritza Rahal, M.D. (Editor, Revista de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello). The Association will organize a Symposium on Biomedical Journal Editing and will spread information stimulating Chilean biomedical journals to become indexed in international databases and in SciELO-Chile, the main Chilean scientific website (www.scielo.cl).

Kinetics and stereochemistry of LinB-catalyzed δ-HBCD transformation: Comparison of in vitro and in silico results.

PubMed

Heeb, Norbert V; Mazenauer, Manuel; Wyss, Simon; Geueke, Birgit; Kohler, Hans-Peter E; Lienemann, Peter

2018-05-12

LinB is a haloalkane dehalogenase found in Sphingobium indicum B90A, an aerobic bacterium isolated from contaminated soils of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) dumpsites. We showed that this enzyme also converts hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs). Here we give new insights in the kinetics and stereochemistry of the enzymatic transformation of δ-HBCD, which resulted in the formation of two pentabromocyclododecanols (PBCDols) as first- (P 1δ , P 2δ ) and two tetrabromocyclododecadiols (TBCDdiols) as second-generation products (T 1δ , T 2δ ). Enzymatic transformations of δ-HBCD, α 1 -PBCDol, one of the transformation products, and α 2 -PBCDol, its enantiomer, were studied and modeled with Michaelis-Menten (MM) kinetics. Respective MM-parameters K M , v max , k cat /K M indicated that δ-HBCD is the best LinB substrate followed by α 2 - and α 1 -PBCDol. The stereochemistry of these transformations was modeled in silico, investigating respective enzyme-substrate (ES) and enzyme-product (EP) complexes. One of the four predicted ES-complexes led to the PBCDol product P 1δ , identical to α 2 -PBCDol with the 1R,2R,5S,6R,9R,10S-configuration. An S N 2-like substitution of bromine at C6 of δ-HBCD by Asp-108 of LinB and subsequent hydrolysis of the alkyl-enzyme led to α 2 -PBCDol. Modeling results further indicate that backside attacks at C1, C9 and C10 are reasonable too, selectively binding leaving bromide ions in a halide pocket found in LinB. Docking with α 2 -PBCDol, also allowed productive enzyme binding. A TBCD-1,5-diol with the 1S,2S,5R,6R,9S,10R-configuration is the predicted second-generation product T 1δ . In conclusion, in vitro- and in silico findings now allow a detailed description of step-wise enzymatic dehalohydroxylation reactions of δ-HBCD to specific PBCDols and TBCDdiols at Å-resolution and predictions of their stereochemistry. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Decreased expression of cell adhesion genes in cancer stem-like cells isolated from primary oral squamous cell carcinomas.

PubMed

Mishra, Amrendra; Sriram, Harshini; Chandarana, Pinal; Tanavde, Vivek; Kumar, Rekha V; Gopinath, Ashok; Govindarajan, Raman; Ramaswamy, S; Sadasivam, Subhashini

2018-05-01

The goal of this study was to isolate cancer stem-like cells marked by high expression of CD44, a putative cancer stem cell marker, from primary oral squamous cell carcinomas and identify distinctive gene expression patterns in these cells. From 1 October 2013 to 4 September 2015, 76 stage III-IV primary oral squamous cell carcinoma of the gingivobuccal sulcus were resected. In all, 13 tumours were analysed by immunohistochemistry to visualise CD44-expressing cells. Expression of CD44 within The Cancer Genome Atlas-Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma RNA-sequencing data was also assessed. Seventy resected tumours were dissociated into single cells and stained with antibodies to CD44 as well as CD45 and CD31 (together referred as Lineage/Lin). From 45 of these, CD44 + Lin - and CD44 - Lin - subpopulations were successfully isolated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and good-quality RNA was obtained from 14 such sorted pairs. Libraries from five pairs were sequenced and the results analysed using bioinformatics tools. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to experimentally validate the differential expression of selected candidate genes identified from the transcriptome sequencing in the same 5 and an additional 9 tumours. CD44 was expressed on the surface of poorly differentiated tumour cells, and within the The Cancer Genome Atlas-Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma samples, its messenger RNA levels were higher in tumours compared to normal. Transcriptomics revealed that 102 genes were upregulated and 85 genes were downregulated in CD44 + Lin - compared to CD44 - Lin - cells in at least 3 of the 5 tumours sequenced. The upregulated genes included those involved in immune regulation, while the downregulated genes were enriched for genes involved in cell adhesion. Decreased expression of PCDH18, MGP, SPARCL1 and KRTDAP was confirmed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Lower expression of the cell-cell adhesion molecule PCDH18 correlated with poorer overall survival in the The Cancer Genome Atlas-Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma data highlighting it as a potential negative prognostic factor in this cancer.

A scoping review of competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals.

PubMed

Galipeau, James; Barbour, Virginia; Baskin, Patricia; Bell-Syer, Sally; Cobey, Kelly; Cumpston, Miranda; Deeks, Jon; Garner, Paul; MacLehose, Harriet; Shamseer, Larissa; Straus, Sharon; Tugwell, Peter; Wager, Elizabeth; Winker, Margaret; Moher, David

2016-02-02

Biomedical journals are the main route for disseminating the results of health-related research. Despite this, their editors operate largely without formal training or certification. To our knowledge, no body of literature systematically identifying core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals exists. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a scoping review to determine what is known on the competency requirements for scientific editors of biomedical journals. We searched the MEDLINE®, Cochrane Library, Embase®, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases (from inception to November 2014) and conducted a grey literature search for research and non-research articles with competency-related statements (i.e. competencies, knowledge, skills, behaviors, and tasks) pertaining to the role of scientific editors of peer-reviewed health-related journals. We also conducted an environmental scan, searched the results of a previous environmental scan, and searched the websites of existing networks, major biomedical journal publishers, and organizations that offer resources for editors. A total of 225 full-text publications were included, 25 of which were research articles. We extracted a total of 1,566 statements possibly related to core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals from these publications. We then collated overlapping or duplicate statements which produced a list of 203 unique statements. Finally, we grouped these statements into seven emergent themes: (1) dealing with authors, (2) dealing with peer reviewers, (3) journal publishing, (4) journal promotion, (5) editing, (6) ethics and integrity, and (7) qualities and characteristics of editors. To our knowledge, this scoping review is the first attempt to systematically identify possible competencies of editors. Limitations are that (1) we may not have captured all aspects of a biomedical editor's work in our searches, (2) removing redundant and overlapping items may have led to the elimination of some nuances between items, (3) restricting to certain databases, and only French and English publications, may have excluded relevant publications, and (4) some statements may not necessarily be competencies. This scoping review is the first step of a program to develop a minimum set of core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals which will be followed by a training needs assessment, a Delphi exercise, and a consensus meeting.

Fundamental Studies in the Molecular Basis of Laser Induced Retinal Damage.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-09-01

C. Hannemann , H. and Sochtig, E. (1979) Nature 277, 143-145. 25. Richards, J. M. and Swislocki, N. 1. (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 6857-6860. 26...and Yamada, E. (1981) Biomedical Res. 2, 177-193. 51. Roof, D. J. and Heuser, J. E. (1982) J. Cell Biol. 95, 487-500. 52. Hagins, W. A. and Jennings , W

Fundamental Studies in the Molecular Basis of Laser Induced Retinal Damage.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-01

J. -169. 25, 163-169. 24. Schwabe, U., Puchstein, C. Hannemann , H. and Sochtig, E. (1979) Nature 277, 143-145. 25. Richards, J. M. and Swislocki, N...Roof, D. J. and Heuser, J. E. (1982) J. Cell Biol. 95, 487-500. 52. Hagins, W. A. and Jennings , W. H. (1959) Discussion Faraday Soc. 27, 180-190. 53

Donkey in Disguise: Jack Jennings and the Center on Education Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Forster, Greg

2006-01-01

With the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), the proliferation of high school exit exams, the success of school choice initiatives, and a dozen other smaller if more bitter battles, education has become one of the hottest policy topics in Washington. That means there is a booming market for education experts, especially those who claim…

75 FR 78093 - Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 12-Month Finding on a Petition To List the Sonoran...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-14

..., and Review of One Species'' (50 FR 13054, April 2, 1985); ``Review of Vertebrate Wildlife'' (50 FR... United States, and also includes the Mexican State of Sonora into the northern portion of Sinaloa. One... less of rain annually (Fritts and Jennings 1994, p. 53). One question about the distribution of the...

Examining the Relationship between Physiological Measurements and Self-Reports of Stress and Well-Being in Middle School Teachers over One School Year

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Katz, Deirdre A.; Harris, Alexis R.; Abenavoli, Rachel M.; Greenberg, Mark T.

2013-01-01

Educators are exposed to a variety of stressors, which can lead to poorer teaching performance, burnout, and increased student misbehavior (Jennings & Greenberg, 2009). Although self-report measures of stress are most commonly used in education research, physiological measures of stress may also contribute to the understanding of educators'…

Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy (41st) Held in Columbus, Ohio on 16-20 June 1986.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-06-21

AND DIODE LASER SPECTROSCOPY OF GASES . ................................................................... 10 min.(8:30) . " NO D. E. JENNINGS, G. W...COLLISIONAL VELOCITY CHANGES ON LINE SHAPES OF HF BROADENED BY FOREIGN GASES ...............................................................15 m.(11:28...Facolta di Chimica Industriale , Universita di Venezia, Calle Larga S. Marta 2137, 1-30123 Venice, Italy; and H. REISENAUER, Institut fUr Organische

U.S. EPA, Pesticide Product Label, D.Z.N DIAZINON 50W INSECTICIDE, 04/11/1988

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

2011-04-13

... i\\ll!Jl'i 1'; I flllt:n.lilt ;:)rl,/ 1 It). I: ;Je,:-n ,Ji 1/.1 f):)!) J~'; ,J\\'~' ;1)·;. j')r-:;ldrd (>11 <)[ ,~ J.l1';. ;\\I;,"T l'lT t '/1)" ()II :"'t l()(j '11: ()f 'vI,lt ··r. j , \\j , -10- ...

You're the Principal! Now What? Strategies and Solutions for New School Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwanke, Jen

2016-01-01

A principal's job is astonishingly complex, and its competing demands can be overwhelming, especially in the first few years. In this book, Jen Schwanke, a principal herself, provides a mentor's guidance to steer new principals through the period of adjustment and set the foundation for a long and rewarding career. The topics you wish your…

Training Needs in Gerontology. Hearings, Special Committee on Aging, United States Senate. Part 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Special Committee on Aging.

Two days of hearings on training needs in gerontology were opened by Senator Lawton Chiles. Statements were made by Senators Frank Church, Harrison A. Williams, Jr., Jennings Randolph, and Edward Kennedy. Witnesses for the first day were J. E. Wilson, III, with George Ebra and Maeve H. Foster; Walter M. Beattie; Percil Stanford; Clavin Fields with…

Preliminary digital geologic maps of the Mariposa, Kingman, Trona, and Death Valley Sheets, California

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

D`Agnese, F.A.; Faunt, C.C.; Turner, A.K.

1995-10-01

Parts of four 1:250,000-scale geologic maps by the California Department of Natural Resources, Division of Mines and Geology have been digitized for use in hydrogeologic characterization. These maps include the area of California between lat. 35{degree}N; Long. 115{degree}W and lat. 38{degree}N, long. 118{degree}W of the Kingman Sheet (Jennings, 1961), Trona Sheet (Jennings and others, 1962), Mariposa Sheet (Strand, 1967), and Death Valley Sheet (Streitz and Stinson, 1974). These digital maps are being released by the US Geological Survey in the ARC/INFO Version 6.1 Export format. The digitized data include geologic unit boundaries, fault traces, and identity of geologic units. Themore » procedure outlined in US Geological Survey Circular 1054 (Soller and others, 1990) was sued during the map construction. The procedure involves transferring hard-copy data into digital format by scanning manuscript maps, manipulating the digital map data, and outputting the data. Most of the work was done using Environmental Systems Research Institute`s ARC/INFO software. The digital maps are available in ARC/INFO Rev. 6.1 Export format, from the USGS, Yucca Mountain Project, in Denver, Colorado.« less

A practical tool for monitoring the performance of measuring systems in a laboratory network: report of an ACB Working Group.

PubMed

Ayling, Pete; Hill, Robert; Jassam, Nuthar; Kallner, Anders; Khatami, Zahra

2017-11-01

Background A logical consequence of the introduction of robotics and high-capacity analysers has seen a consolidation to larger units. This requires new structures and quality systems to ensure that laboratories deliver consistent and comparable results. Methods A spreadsheet program was designed to accommodate results from up to 12 different instruments/laboratories and present IQC data, i.e. Levey-Jennings and Youden plots and comprehensive numerical tables of the performance of each item. Input of data was made possible by a 'data loader' by which IQC data from the individual instruments could be transferred to the spreadsheet program on line. Results A set of real data from laboratories is used to populate the data loader and the networking software program. Examples are present from the analysis of variance components, the Levey-Jennings and Youden plots. Conclusions This report presents a software package that allows the simultaneous management and detailed monitoring of the performance of up to 12 different instruments/laboratories in a fully interactive mode. The system allows a quality manager of networked laboratories to have a continuous updated overview of the performance. This software package has been made available at the ACB website.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - KSC Director Jim Kennedy (left) and incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow talk about One NASA during the rollout of the Agency initiative at KSC. They were joined at the IMAX Theater® by other NASA leaders James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson to explain how their respective centers contribute to One NASA. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-08-20

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - KSC Director Jim Kennedy (left) and incoming KSC Deputy Director Woodrow Whitlow talk about One NASA during the rollout of the Agency initiative at KSC. They were joined at the IMAX Theater® by other NASA leaders James Jennings, NASA’s associate deputy administrator for institutions and asset management; Ed Weiler, associate administrator for Space Science; Kevin Peterson, Dryden Flight Research Center director; and implementation team lead Johnny Stevenson to explain how their respective centers contribute to One NASA. Glenn Research Center Director Dr. Julian Earls gave a motivational speech during the luncheon held at the Visitor Complex Debus Conference Center.

Three-dimensional sensitivity distribution and sample volume of low-induction-number electromagnetic-induction instruments

USGS Publications Warehouse

Callegary, J.B.; Ferré, T.P.A.; Groom, R.W.

2012-01-01

There is an ongoing effort to improve the understanding of the correlation of soil properties with apparent soil electrical conductivity as measured by low-induction-number electromagnetic-induction (LIN FEM) instruments. At a minimum, the dimensions of LIN FEM instruments' sample volume, the spatial distribution of sensitivity within that volume, and implications for surveying and analyses must be clearly defined and discussed. Therefore, a series of numerical simulations was done in which a conductive perturbation was moved systematically through homogeneous soil to elucidate the three-dimensional sample volume of LIN FEM instruments. For a small perturbation with electrical conductivity similar to that of the soil, instrument response is a measure of local sensitivity (LS). Our results indicate that LS depends strongly on the orientation of the instrument's transmitter and receiver coils and includes regions of both positive and negative LS. Integration of the absolute value of LS from highest to lowest was used to contour cumulative sensitivity (CS). The 90% CS contour was used to define the sample volume. For both horizontal and vertical coplanar coil orientations, the longest dimension of the sample volume was at the surface along the main instrument axis with a length of about four times the intercoil spacing (s) with maximum thicknesses of about 1 and 0.3 s, respectively. The imaged distribution of spatial sensitivity within the sample volume is highly complex and should be considered in conjunction with the expected scale of heterogeneity before the use and interpretation of LIN FEM for mapping and profiling. ?? Soil Science Society of America.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells propagate immunosuppressive/anti-inflammatory macrophages in cell-to-cell contact-independent and -dependent manners under hypoxic culture.

PubMed

Takizawa, Naoki; Okubo, Naoto; Kamo, Masaharu; Chosa, Naoyuki; Mikami, Toshinari; Suzuki, Keita; Yokota, Seiji; Ibi, Miho; Ohtsuka, Masato; Taira, Masayuki; Yaegashi, Takashi; Ishisaki, Akira; Kyakumoto, Seiko

2017-09-15

Immunosuppressive/anti-inflammatory macrophage (Mφ), M2-Mφ that expressed the typical M2-Mφs marker, CD206, and anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, is beneficial and expected tool for the cytotherapy against inflammatory diseases. Here, we demonstrated that bone marrow-derived lineage-positive (Lin+) blood cells proliferated and differentiated into M2-Mφs by cooperation with the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under hypoxic condition: MSCs not only promoted proliferation of undifferentiated M2-Mφs, pre-M2-Mφs, in the Lin+ fraction via a proliferative effect of the MSCs-secreted macrophage colony-stimulating factor, but also promoted M2-Mφ polarization of the pre-M2-Mφs through cell-to-cell contact with the pre-M2-Mφs. Intriguingly, an inhibitor for intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 receptor/lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1, Rwj50271, partially suppressed expression of CD206 in the Lin+ blood cells but an inhibitor for VCAM-1 receptor/VLA-4, BIO5192, did not, suggesting that the cell-to-cell adhesion through LFA-1 on pre-M2-Mφs and ICAM-1 on MSCs was supposed to promoted the M2-Mφ polarization. Thus, the co-culture system consisting of bone marrow-derived Lin+ blood cells and MSCs under hypoxic condition was a beneficial supplier of a number of M2-Mφs, which could be clinically applicable to inflammatory diseases. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Circulating Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Aging Atomic Bomb Survivors.

PubMed

Kyoizumi, Seishi; Kubo, Yoshiko; Misumi, Munechika; Kajimura, Junko; Yoshida, Kengo; Hayashi, Tomonori; Imai, Kazue; Ohishi, Waka; Nakachi, Kei; Young, Lauren F; Shieh, Jae-Hung; Moore, Malcolm A; van den Brink, Marcel R M; Kusunoki, Yoichiro

2016-01-01

It is not yet known whether hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are compromised in the aging population of atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors after their exposure nearly 70 years ago. To address this, we evaluated age- and radiation-related changes in different subtypes of circulating HSPCs among the CD34-positive/lineage marker-negative (CD34(+)Lin(-)) cell population in 231 Hiroshima A-bomb survivors. We enumerated functional HSPC subtypes, including: cobblestone area-forming cells; long-term culture-initiating cells; erythroid burst-forming units; granulocyte and macrophage colony-forming units; and T-cell and natural killer cell progenitors using cell culture. We obtained the count of each HSPC subtype per unit volume of blood and the proportion of each HSPC subtype in CD34(+)Lin(-) cells to represent the lineage commitment trend. Multivariate analyses, using sex, age and radiation dose as variables, showed significantly decreased counts with age in the total CD34(+)Lin(-) cell population and all HSPC subtypes. As for the proportion, only T-cell progenitors decreased significantly with age, suggesting that the commitment to the T-cell lineage in HSPCs continuously declines with age throughout the lifetime. However, neither the CD34(+)Lin(-) cell population, nor HSPC subtypes showed significant radiation-induced dose-dependent changes in counts or proportions. Moreover, the correlations of the proportions among HSPC subtypes in the survivors properly revealed the hierarchy of lineage commitments. Taken together, our findings suggest that many years after exposure to radiation and with advancing age, the number and function of HSPCs in living survivors as a whole may have recovered to normal levels.

Mitotic Spindle Positioning in the EMS Cell of Caenorhabditis elegans Requires LET-99 and LIN-5/NuMA.

PubMed

Liro, Małgorzata J; Rose, Lesilee S

2016-11-01

Asymmetric divisions produce daughter cells with different fates, and thus are critical for animal development. During asymmetric divisions, the mitotic spindle must be positioned on a polarized axis to ensure the differential segregation of cell fate determinants into the daughter cells. In many cell types, a cortically localized complex consisting of Gα, GPR-1/2, and LIN-5 (Gαi/Pins/Mud, Gαi/LGN/NuMA) mediates the recruitment of dynactin/dynein, which exerts pulling forces on astral microtubules to physically position the spindle. The conserved PAR polarity proteins are known to regulate both cytoplasmic asymmetry and spindle positioning in many cases. However, spindle positioning also occurs in response to cell signaling cues that appear to be PAR-independent. In the four-cell Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, Wnt and Mes-1/Src-1 signaling pathways act partially redundantly to align the spindle on the anterior/posterior axis of the endomesodermal (EMS) precursor cell. It is unclear how those extrinsic signals individually contribute to spindle positioning and whether either pathway acts via conserved spindle positioning regulators. Here, we genetically test the involvement of Gα, LIN-5, and their negative regulator LET-99, in transducing EMS spindle positioning polarity cues. We also examined whether the C. elegans ortholog of another spindle positioning regulator, DLG-1, is required. We show that LET-99 acts in the Mes-1/Src-1 pathway for spindle positioning. LIN-5 is also required for EMS spindle positioning, possibly through a Gα- and DLG-1-independent mechanism. Copyright © 2016 by the Genetics Society of America.

Mitotic Spindle Positioning in the EMS Cell of Caenorhabditis elegans Requires LET-99 and LIN-5/NuMA

PubMed Central

Liro, Małgorzata J.; Rose, Lesilee S.

2016-01-01

Asymmetric divisions produce daughter cells with different fates, and thus are critical for animal development. During asymmetric divisions, the mitotic spindle must be positioned on a polarized axis to ensure the differential segregation of cell fate determinants into the daughter cells. In many cell types, a cortically localized complex consisting of Gα, GPR-1/2, and LIN-5 (Gαi/Pins/Mud, Gαi/LGN/NuMA) mediates the recruitment of dynactin/dynein, which exerts pulling forces on astral microtubules to physically position the spindle. The conserved PAR polarity proteins are known to regulate both cytoplasmic asymmetry and spindle positioning in many cases. However, spindle positioning also occurs in response to cell signaling cues that appear to be PAR-independent. In the four-cell Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, Wnt and Mes-1/Src-1 signaling pathways act partially redundantly to align the spindle on the anterior/posterior axis of the endomesodermal (EMS) precursor cell. It is unclear how those extrinsic signals individually contribute to spindle positioning and whether either pathway acts via conserved spindle positioning regulators. Here, we genetically test the involvement of Gα, LIN-5, and their negative regulator LET-99, in transducing EMS spindle positioning polarity cues. We also examined whether the C. elegans ortholog of another spindle positioning regulator, DLG-1, is required. We show that LET-99 acts in the Mes-1/Src-1 pathway for spindle positioning. LIN-5 is also required for EMS spindle positioning, possibly through a Gα- and DLG-1-independent mechanism. PMID:27672093

Linear relationship between increasing amounts of extruded linseed in dairy cow diet and milk fatty acid composition and butter properties.

PubMed

Hurtaud, C; Faucon, F; Couvreur, S; Peyraud, J-L

2010-04-01

The aim of this experiment was to compare the effects of increasing amounts of extruded linseed in dairy cow diet on milk fat yield, milk fatty acid (FA) composition, milk fat globule size, and butter properties. Thirty-six Prim'Holstein cows at 104 d in milk were sorted into 3 groups by milk production and milk fat globule size. Three diets were assigned: a total mixed ration (control) consisting of corn silage (70%) and concentrate (30%), or a supplemented ration based on the control ration but where part of the concentrate energy was replaced on a dry matter basis by 2.1% (LIN1) or 4.3% (LIN2) extruded linseed. The increased amounts of extruded linseed linearly decreased milk fat content and milk fat globule size and linearly increased the percentage of milk unsaturated FA, specifically alpha-linolenic acid and trans FA. Extruded linseed had no significant effect on butter color or on the sensory properties of butters, with only butter texture in the mouth improved. The LIN2 treatment induced a net improvement of milk nutritional properties but also created problems with transforming the cream into butter. The butters obtained were highly spreadable and melt-in-the-mouth, with no pronounced deficiency in taste. The LIN1 treatment appeared to offer a good tradeoff of improved milk FA profile and little effect on butter-making while still offering butters with improved functional properties. Copyright (c) 2010 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

FloorspaceJS - A New, Open Source, Web-Based Geometry Editor for Building Energy Modeling (BEM): Preprint

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Macumber, Daniel L; Horowitz, Scott G; Schott, Marjorie

Across most industries, desktop applications are being rapidly migrated to web applications for a variety of reasons. Web applications are inherently cross platform, mobile, and easier to distribute than desktop applications. Fueling this trend are a wide range of free, open source libraries and frameworks that make it incredibly easy to develop powerful web applications. The building energy modeling community is just beginning to pick up on these larger trends, with a small but growing number of building energy modeling applications starting on or moving to the web. This paper presents a new, open source, web based geometry editor formore » Building Energy Modeling (BEM). The editor is written completely in JavaScript and runs in a modern web browser. The editor works on a custom JSON file format and is designed to be integrated into a variety of web and desktop applications. The web based editor is available to use as a standalone web application at: https://nrel.github.io/openstudio-geometry-editor/. An example integration is demonstrated with the OpenStudio desktop application. Finally, the editor can be easily integrated with a wide range of possible building energy modeling web applications.« less

Nanos promotes epigenetic reprograming of the germline by down-regulation of the THAP transcription factor LIN-15B

PubMed Central

Lee, Chih-Yung Sean; Lu, Tu

2017-01-01

Nanos RNA-binding proteins are required for germline development in metazoans, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We have profiled the transcriptome of primordial germ cells (PGCs) lacking the nanos homologs nos-1 and nos-2 in C. elegans. nos-1nos-2 PGCs fail to silence hundreds of transcripts normally expressed in oocytes. We find that this misregulation is due to both delayed turnover of maternal transcripts and inappropriate transcriptional activation. The latter appears to be an indirect consequence of delayed turnover of the maternally-inherited transcription factor LIN-15B, a synMuvB class transcription factor known to antagonize PRC2 activity. PRC2 is required for chromatin reprogramming in the germline, and the transcriptome of PGCs lacking PRC2 resembles that of nos-1nos-2 PGCs. Loss of maternal LIN-15B restores fertility to nos-1nos-2 mutants. These findings suggest that Nanos promotes germ cell fate by downregulating maternal RNAs and proteins that would otherwise interfere with PRC2-dependent reprogramming of PGC chromatin. PMID:29111977

Nanos promotes epigenetic reprograming of the germline by down-regulation of the THAP transcription factor LIN-15B.

PubMed

Lee, Chih-Yung Sean; Lu, Tu; Seydoux, Geraldine

2017-11-07

Nanos RNA-binding proteins are required for germline development in metazoans, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We have profiled the transcriptome of primordial germ cells (PGCs) lacking the nanos homologs nos-1 and nos-2 in C. elegans. nos-1nos-2 PGCs fail to silence hundreds of transcripts normally expressed in oocytes. We find that this misregulation is due to both delayed turnover of maternal transcripts and inappropriate transcriptional activation. The latter appears to be an indirect consequence of delayed turnover of the maternally-inherited transcription factor LIN-15B, a synMuvB class transcription factor known to antagonize PRC2 activity. PRC2 is required for chromatin reprogramming in the germline, and the transcriptome of PGCs lacking PRC2 resembles that of nos-1nos-2 PGCs. Loss of maternal LIN-15B restores fertility to nos-1nos-2 mutants. These findings suggest that Nanos promotes germ cell fate by downregulating maternal RNAs and proteins that would otherwise interfere with PRC2-dependent reprogramming of PGC chromatin.

A Novel Method to Increase LinLog CMOS Sensors’ Performance in High Dynamic Range Scenarios

PubMed Central

Martínez-Sánchez, Antonio; Fernández, Carlos; Navarro, Pedro J.; Iborra, Andrés

2011-01-01

Images from high dynamic range (HDR) scenes must be obtained with minimum loss of information. For this purpose it is necessary to take full advantage of the quantification levels provided by the CCD/CMOS image sensor. LinLog CMOS sensors satisfy the above demand by offering an adjustable response curve that combines linear and logarithmic responses. This paper presents a novel method to quickly adjust the parameters that control the response curve of a LinLog CMOS image sensor. We propose to use an Adaptive Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller to adjust the exposure time of the sensor, together with control algorithms based on the saturation level and the entropy of the images. With this method the sensor’s maximum dynamic range (120 dB) can be used to acquire good quality images from HDR scenes with fast, automatic adaptation to scene conditions. Adaptation to a new scene is rapid, with a sensor response adjustment of less than eight frames when working in real time video mode. At least 67% of the scene entropy can be retained with this method. PMID:22164083

A novel method to increase LinLog CMOS sensors' performance in high dynamic range scenarios.

PubMed

Martínez-Sánchez, Antonio; Fernández, Carlos; Navarro, Pedro J; Iborra, Andrés

2011-01-01

Images from high dynamic range (HDR) scenes must be obtained with minimum loss of information. For this purpose it is necessary to take full advantage of the quantification levels provided by the CCD/CMOS image sensor. LinLog CMOS sensors satisfy the above demand by offering an adjustable response curve that combines linear and logarithmic responses. This paper presents a novel method to quickly adjust the parameters that control the response curve of a LinLog CMOS image sensor. We propose to use an Adaptive Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller to adjust the exposure time of the sensor, together with control algorithms based on the saturation level and the entropy of the images. With this method the sensor's maximum dynamic range (120 dB) can be used to acquire good quality images from HDR scenes with fast, automatic adaptation to scene conditions. Adaptation to a new scene is rapid, with a sensor response adjustment of less than eight frames when working in real time video mode. At least 67% of the scene entropy can be retained with this method.

First Jurassic grasshopper (Insecta, Caelifera) from China.

PubMed

Gu, Jun-Jie; Yue, Yanli; Shi, Fuming; Tian, He; Ren, Dong

2016-09-20

Orthoptera is divided into two suborders, the Ensifera (katydids, crickets and mole crickets) and the Caelifera (grasshoppers and pygmy mole crickets). The earliest definitive caeliferans are those found in the Triassic (Bethoux & Ross 2005). The extinct caeliferan families, such as Locustopsidae and Locustavidae, may prove to be stem groups to some of the modern superfamilies (Grimaldi & Engel 2005). Locustopsidae is known from the Late Triassic or Early Jurassic to Late Cretaceous, consisting of two subfamilies (Gorochov et al. 2006). They are recorded from Europe, England, Russia, central Asia, China, Egypt, North America, Brazil and Australia. Up to now, Late Mesozoic fossil deposits of China has been reported plenty taxa of orthopterids, e.g. ensiferans, phasmatodeans, grylloblattids (Cui et al. 2012; Gu et al. 2010; Gu et al. 2012a; Gu et al. 2012b; Ren et al. 2012; Wang et al. 2014); but, with few caeliferans records, only four species, Pseudoacrida costata Lin 1982, Mesolocustopsis sinica Hong 1990, Tachacris stenosis Lin 1977 and T. turgis Lin 1980, were reported from the Early Cretaceous of Ningxia, Shandong, Yunnan and Zhejiang of China.

Conservation in the involvement of heterochronic genes and hormones during developmental transitions.

PubMed

Faunes, Fernando; Larraín, Juan

2016-08-01

Developmental transitions include molting in some invertebrates and the metamorphosis of insects and amphibians. While the study of Caenorhabditis elegans larval transitions was crucial to determine the genetic control of these transitions, Drosophila melanogaster and Xenopus laevis have been classic models to study the role of hormones in metamorphosis. Here we review how heterochronic genes (lin-4, let-7, lin-28, lin-41), hormones (dafachronic acid, ecdysone, thyroid hormone) and the environment regulate developmental transitions. Recent evidence suggests that some heterochronic genes also regulate transitions in higher organisms that they are controlled by hormones involved in metamorphosis. We also discuss evidence demonstrating that heterochronic genes and hormones regulate the proliferation and differentiation of embryonic and neural stem cells. We propose the hypothesis that developmental transitions are regulated by an evolutionary conserved mechanism in which heterochronic genes and hormones interact to control stem/progenitor cells proliferation, cell cycle exit, quiescence and differentiation and determine the proper timing of developmental transitions. Finally, we discuss the relevance of these studies to understand post-embryonic development, puberty and regeneration in humans. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Research on partial least squares for determination of impurities in the presence of high concentration of matrix by ICP-AES].

PubMed

Wang, Yan-peng; Gong, Qi; Yu, Sheng-rong; Liu, You-yan

2012-04-01

A method for detecting trace impurities in high concentration matrix by ICP-AES based on partial least squares (PLS) was established. The research showed that PLS could effectively correct the interference caused by high level of matrix concentration error and could withstand higher concentrations of matrix than multicomponent spectral fitting (MSF). When the mass ratios of matrix to impurities were from 1 000 : 1 to 20 000 : 1, the recoveries of standard addition were between 95% and 105% by PLS. For the system in which interference effect has nonlinear correlation with the matrix concentrations, the prediction accuracy of normal PLS method was poor, but it can be improved greatly by using LIN-PPLS, which was based on matrix transformation of sample concentration. The contents of Co, Pb and Ga in stream sediment (GBW07312) were detected by MSF, PLS and LIN-PPLS respectively. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of LIN-PPLS was better than PLS, and the prediction accuracy of PLS was better than MSF.

Inverse Scattering and Applications. Proceedings of Conference on Inverse Scattering on the Line, Held in Amherst, Massachusetts on June 7 - 13, 1990

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

J. Laurie Snell S. A. Amitsur, D. J. Saltman, and 2 Proceedings of the conference on G. B. Seligman , Editors integration, topology, and geometry in...Rational constructions of modules 17 Nonlinear partial differential equations. for simple Lie algebras, George B. Joel A. Smoller, Editor Seligman 18...number theory, Michael R. Stein and Linda Keen, Editor R. Keith Dennis, Editors 65 Logic and combinatorics, Stephen G. 84 Partition problems in

Editor's Choice Offered as a Service

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Richman, Barbara T.

2010-06-01

Editor's Choice is now being offered as a service rather than on a subscription basis. As in the past, articles will be selected by collection editors with assistance from advisory panels. The selected articles will be listed on the AGU Web site (http://www.agu.org/pubs/journals/virtual/editors_choice/); these lists will be accessible to anyone. Those who are interested in reading the articles can access them through a personal or institutional subscription or can purchase them either individually or as part of a MultiChoice packet.

Rule-based support system for multiple UMLS semantic type assignments

PubMed Central

Geller, James; He, Zhe; Perl, Yehoshua; Morrey, C. Paul; Xu, Julia

2012-01-01

Background When new concepts are inserted into the UMLS, they are assigned one or several semantic types from the UMLS Semantic Network by the UMLS editors. However, not every combination of semantic types is permissible. It was observed that many concepts with rare combinations of semantic types have erroneous semantic type assignments or prohibited combinations of semantic types. The correction of such errors is resource-intensive. Objective We design a computational system to inform UMLS editors as to whether a specific combination of two, three, four, or five semantic types is permissible or prohibited or questionable. Methods We identify a set of inclusion and exclusion instructions in the UMLS Semantic Network documentation and derive corresponding rule-categories as well as rule-categories from the UMLS concept content. We then design an algorithm adviseEditor based on these rule-categories. The algorithm specifies rules for an editor how to proceed when considering a tuple (pair, triple, quadruple, quintuple) of semantic types to be assigned to a concept. Results Eight rule-categories were identified. A Web-based system was developed to implement the adviseEditor algorithm, which returns for an input combination of semantic types whether it is permitted, prohibited or (in a few cases) requires more research. The numbers of semantic type pairs assigned to each rule-category are reported. Interesting examples for each rule-category are illustrated. Cases of semantic type assignments that contradict rules are listed, including recently introduced ones. Conclusion The adviseEditor system implements explicit and implicit knowledge available in the UMLS in a system that informs UMLS editors about the permissibility of a desired combination of semantic types. Using adviseEditor might help accelerate the work of the UMLS editors and prevent erroneous semantic type assignments. PMID:23041716

Emotions under Discussion: Gender, Status and Communication in Online Collaboration

PubMed Central

Iosub, Daniela; Laniado, David; Castillo, Carlos; Fuster Morell, Mayo; Kaltenbrunner, Andreas

2014-01-01

Background Despite the undisputed role of emotions in teamwork, not much is known about the make-up of emotions in online collaboration. Publicly available repositories of collaboration data, such as Wikipedia editor discussions, now enable the large-scale study of affect and dialogue in peer production. Methods We investigate the established Wikipedia community and focus on how emotion and dialogue differ depending on the status, gender, and the communication network of the editors who have written at least 100 comments on the English Wikipedia's article talk pages. Emotions are quantified using a word-based approach comparing the results of two predefined lexicon-based methods: LIWC and SentiStrength. Principal Findings We find that administrators maintain a rather neutral, impersonal tone, while regular editors are more emotional and relationship-oriented, that is, they use language to form and maintain connections to other editors. A persistent gender difference is that female contributors communicate in a manner that promotes social affiliation and emotional connection more than male editors, irrespective of their status in the community. Female regular editors are the most relationship-oriented, whereas male administrators are the least relationship-focused. Finally, emotional and linguistic homophily is prevalent: editors tend to interact with other editors having similar emotional styles (e.g., editors expressing more anger connect more with one another). Conclusions/Significance Emotional expression and linguistic style in online collaboration differ substantially depending on the contributors' gender and status, and on the communication network. This should be taken into account when analyzing collaborative success, and may prove insightful to communities facing gender gap and stagnation in contributor acquisition and participation levels. PMID:25140870

Technical editing and the effective communication of scientific results

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pieper, G.W.; Picologlou, S.M.

1996-05-01

Communication of scientific results--whether for professional journals, poster sessions, oral presentations, or the popular press--is an essential part of any scientific investigation. The technical editor plays an important rolein ensuring that scientists express their results correctly and effectively. Technical editing comprises far more than simple proofreading. The editor`s tasks may range from restructuring whole parpagrphs and suggesting improved graphical aids to writing abstracts and preparing first drafts of proposals. The technical editor works closely with scientists to present complex ideas to differentaudiences, including fellow scentists, funding agencies, and the general public. New computer technologyhas also involved the technical editor notmore » only with on-line editing but also with preparing CD ROMs and World Wide Web pages.« less

Data Sharing: A New Editorial Initiative of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Implications for the Editors´ Network.

PubMed

Alfonso, Fernando; Adamyan, Karlen; Artigou, Jean Yves; Aschermann, Michael; Boehm, Michael; Buendia, Alfonso; Chu, Pao Hsien; Cohen, Ariel; Cas, Livio Dei; Dilic, Mirza; Doubell, Anton; Echeverri, Dario; Enç, Nuray; Ferreira-González, Ignacio; Filipiak, Krzysztof J; Flammer, Andreas; Fleck, Eckart; Gatzov, Plamen; Ginghina, Carmen; Goncalves, Lino; Haouala, Habib; Hassanein, Mahmoud; Heusch, Gerd; Huber, Kurt; Hulín, Ivan; Ivanusa, Mario; Krittayaphong, Rungroj; Lau, Chu Pak; Marinskis, Germanas; Mach, François; Moreira, Luiz Felipe; Nieminen, Tuomo; Oukerraj, Latifa; Perings, Stefan; Pierard, Luc; Potpara, Tatjana; Reyes-Caorsi, Walter; Rim, Se Joong; Rødevand, Olaf; Saade, Georges; Sander, Mikael; Shlyakhto, Evgeny; Timuralp, Bilgin; Tousoulis, Dimitris; Ural, Dilek; Piek, J J; Varga, Albert; Lüscher, Thomas F

2017-06-01

The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) provides recommendations to improve the editorial standards and scientific quality of biomedical journals. These recommendations range from uniform technical requirements to more complex and elusive editorial issues including ethical aspects of the scientific process. Recently, registration of clinical trials, conflicts of interest disclosure, and new criteria for authorship -emphasizing the importance of responsibility and accountability-, have been proposed. Last year, a new editorial initiative to foster sharing of clinical trial data was launched. This review discusses this novel initiative with the aim of increasing awareness among readers, investigators, authors and editors belonging to the Editors´ Network of the European Society of Cardiology.

Data Sharing: A New Editorial Initiative of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Implications for the Editors´ Network

PubMed Central

Alfonso, Fernando; Adamyan, Karlen; Artigou, Jean-Yves; Aschermann, Michael; Boehm, Michael; Buendia, Alfonso; Chu, Pao-Hsien; Cohen, Ariel; Cas, Livio Dei; Dilic, Mirza; Doubell, Anton; Echeverri, Dario; Enç, Nuray; Ferreira-González, Ignacio; Filipiak, Krzysztof J.; Flammer, Andreas; Fleck, Eckart; Gatzov, Plamen; Ginghina, Carmen; Goncalves, Lino; Haouala, Habib; Hassanein, Mahmoud; Heusch, Gerd; Huber, Kurt; Hulín, Ivan; Ivanusa, Mario; Krittayaphong, Rungroj; Lau, Chu-Pak; Marinskis, Germanas; Mach, François; Moreira, Luiz Felipe; Nieminen, Tuomo; Oukerraj, Latifa; Perings, Stefan; Pierard, Luc; Potpara, Tatjana; Reyes-Caorsi, Walter; Rim, Se-Joong; Rødevand, Olaf; Saade, Georges; Sander, Mikael; Shlyakhto, Evgeny; Timuralp, Bilgin; Tousoulis, Dimitris; Ural, Dilek; Piek, J. J.; Varga, Albert; Lüscher, Thomas F.

2017-01-01

The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) provides recommendations to improve the editorial standards and scientific quality of biomedical journals. These recommendations range from uniform technical requirements to more complex and elusive editorial issues including ethical aspects of the scientific process. Recently, registration of clinical trials, conflicts of interest disclosure, and new criteria for authorship - emphasizing the importance of responsibility and accountability-, have been proposed. Last year, a new editorial initiative to foster sharing of clinical trial data was launched. This review discusses this novel initiative with the aim of increasing awareness among readers, investigators, authors and editors belonging to the Editors´ Network of the European Society of Cardiology. PMID:28591318

The Geomorphic System and the Effects of Human Interference at Gold Coast Beach in Tainan, Taiwan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lin, Tsung-Yi

2017-04-01

The Gold Coast beach in Tainan, Taiwan, located between Anping harbor and Ur-Jen river mouth, is the subject of this study, which characterizes the beach's geomorphic system through the analysis of information such as sediment grain size, mineral composition, and periodic measurements of morphological changes of the beach. Based upon such characterizations, further analysis is conducted on the effects that human activities of the last 15 years have upon the geomorphic changes within the Gold Coast beach. The study shows that the median grain size of the Gold Coast beach's sediment is medium sand. The mineral composition includes mainly slate fragments and quartz grains, with small amounts of feldspar, sandstone and shell fragments. Based on a comprehensive study of the longshore distribution of beach sediment size and mineral composition of southwestern coast of Taiwan, as well as, the long-term, monitored data of waves, tides, and currents in this region, we conclude that the main process responsible for the sand accumulation at Gold Coast beach is the prevailing longshore sand transport from south to north. The southern breakwater of Anping harbor plays a role in intercepting the longshore transport sand and helps form the beach. Since the Ur-Jen river flows through a mudstone region, the suspended sediment plume during the flood season does not provide much sediment source to the sandy beach. A monthly beach profile survey project conducted between the years 1999 to 2000 revealed that the beach elevation and width had experienced an obvious seasonal change. The beach widened during the winter, but narrowed in the summer due to typhoon wave erosion. When the subaerial beach was eroded, a submerged longshore bar that was oriented almost parallel to the shoreline had formed at a distance about 400-600 meter away. With this observation, we can conclude that beach morphology is also influenced by various seasonal wave actions that affect onshore and offshore sand transport. An astonishing morphologic change at Gold Coast was observed as a 1500-meter reach of sandy beach at the southern end, near the Ur-Jen river mouth, disappeared in just a few years after the year 2005. The beach was not recovered the way it used to be in the winter season. The main reason for this geomorphic change could be the construction of a series of detached breakwaters on the coastal reach that is at the south side of Ur-Jen river mouth. Salients formed behind the detached breakwaters, which could have interrupted the south-to-north longshore sand transport. The Gold Coast became a sand-starved beach recently in the past 10 years, despite efforts of the government to construct more groins in this erosion area. Keywords: beach system, beach sediment, beach morphology, geomorphic processes, geomorphic change

Peer reviews and the role of a journal editor

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Obtaining peer reviews for manuscripts submitted to scientific journals is becoming increasingly difficult. Changes to the system are necessary, and editors must cultivate and maintain a solid base of reviewers to help evaluate journal submissions. This article outlines some steps editors can and sh...

Training the Technical Editor.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cathcart, Margaret E.

The demand for skilled technical editors is growing as society places increasing emphasis on receiving accurate, concise, and complete technical data. Since many organizations do not have inhouse programs for training technical editors, a need exists to provide inexperienced people with basic editing skills. One organization has developed two…

Entering the 60th year of Acta Astronautica

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Yi-Wei; Chern, Jeng-Shing; Marec, Jean-Pierre

2014-04-01

The Acta Astronautica Journal was firstly published in 1955 as the official Journal of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF) with the title Astronautica Acta. It is entering its 60th year in 2014. In 1962, the Astronautica Acta became the official Journal of the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) established in 1960. A total of 18 volumes had been published from 1955 to 1973 under the leadership of three Editor-in-Chiefs: F. Hecht, Theodore von Karman, and Martin Summerfield. In 1974, A.K. Oppenheim became the new Editor-in-Chief and several evolved changes were performed including change of the title to Acta Astronautica (for grammatical correctness), cover page change, and format change. From 1974 to 2010, another three Editor-in-Chiefs led the journal with 67 volumes published. They were A.K. Oppenheim, Jean-Pierre Marec, and Rupert Gerzer. The current Editor-in-Chief Jeng-Shing Chern (Rock) took over the job from 2011. Total pages and articles published in 2012 are 3586 and 356, respectively. Currently, the Acta Astronautica Editorial Board consists of one Editor-in-Chief, 15 Co-Editors, one Managing Editor and one Honorary Editor-in-Chief (Jean-Pierre Marec). After 59 years, the Acta Astronautica has become a well-known journal worldwide. Its current rank and impact factor are 7/63 and 0.701, respectively. This paper presents some of the details as well as new strategies and steps. In particular, supports from the IAA Academicians are mandatory and most welcome.

Quantifying the effect of editor-author relations on manuscript handling times.

PubMed

Sarigöl, Emre; Garcia, David; Scholtes, Ingo; Schweitzer, Frank

2017-01-01

In this article we study to what extent the academic peer review process is influenced by social relations between the authors of a manuscript and the editor handling the manuscript. Taking the open access journal PlosOne as a case study, our analysis is based on a data set of more than 100,000 articles published between 2007 and 2015. Using available data on handling editor, submission and acceptance time of manuscripts, we study the question whether co-authorship relations between authors and the handling editor affect the manuscript handling time , i.e. the time taken between the submission and acceptance of a manuscript. Our analysis reveals (1) that editors handle papers co-authored by previous collaborators significantly more often than expected at random, and (2) that such prior co-author relations are significantly related to faster manuscript handling. Addressing the question whether these shorter manuscript handling times can be explained by the quality of publications, we study the number of citations and downloads which accepted papers eventually accumulate. Moreover, we consider the influence of additional (social) factors, such as the editor's experience, the topical similarity between authors and editors, as well as reciprocal citation relations between authors and editors. Our findings show that, even when correcting for other factors like time, experience, and performance, prior co-authorship relations have a large and significant influence on manuscript handling times, speeding up the editorial decision on average by 19 days.

Eavesdropping on the improved three-party quantum secret sharing protocol

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Gan

2011-02-01

Lin et al. [Song Lin, Fei Gao, Qiao-yan Wen, Fu-chen Zhu, Opt. Commun. 281 (2008) 4553] pointed out that the multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol [Zhan-jun Zhang, Gan Gao, Xin Wang, Lian-fang Han, Shou-hua Shi, Opt. Commun. 269 (2007) 418] is not secure and proposed an improved three-party quantum secret sharing protocol. In this paper, we study the security of the improved three-party quantum secret sharing protocol and find that it is still not secure. Finally, a further improved three-party quantum secret sharing protocol is proposed.

Dynamique d'un oscillateur photoréfractif : instabilités et analogie avec la loi de Curie-Weiss

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mathey, P.; Odoulov, S. G.; Rytz, D.

2002-06-01

La dynamique et l'état stationnaire du faisceau issu d'une cavité oscillante comprenant un cristal non-linéaire de titanate de baryum utilisé en tant que miroir à conjugaison de phase sont étudiés. Le paramètre du système étant le gain du milieu non-linéaire, les dépendances de l'intensité de l'oscillation et de l'inverse du temps de réponse sont similaires aux lois de Curie en physique du solide.

How Non-Daily Editors Describe Status and Function of Editorial Pages.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hynds, Ernest C.; Martin, Charles H.

1979-01-01

Results of a survey of 359 editors of nondaily newspapers indicates that most nondaily editors see their editorials and editorial pages as important segments of their newspapers and believe they can use them to help influence readers, particularly on local issues. (Author/GT)

Letter to the editor of TAAP, in response to letter from Anders et al.

EPA Science Inventory

To the Editor, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology: We would like to address the letter to the editor submitted by Anders et al. regarding the substantive issues raised regarding our paper "Evaluation of two different metabolic hypotheses for dichloromethane toxicity using physi...

Growth and Consequences.

PubMed

Abbott, J Haxby

2016-08-01

In response to the growth of JOSPT, Editor-in-Chief J. Haxby Abbott introduces 3 new Associate Editors to the JOSPT Editorial Board, and announces the promotion of 1 outstanding Editorial Board member to an Editor role. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(8):610-612. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.0111.

Professional Editing Strategies Used by Six Editors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bisaillon, Jocelyne

2007-01-01

Identifying the approach used by those revision experts par excellence--that is, professional editors--should enable researchers to better grasp the revision process. To further explore this hypothesis, the author conducted research among professional editors, six of whom she filmed as they engaged in their practice. An analysis of their work…

A "Situational" and "Coorientational" Measure of Specialized Magazine Editors' Perceptions of Readers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jeffers, Dennis W.

A study was undertaken of specialized magazine editors' perceptions of audience characteristics as well as the perceived role of their publications. Specifically, the study examines the relationship between the editors' perceptions of reader problem recognition, level of involvement, constraint recognition, and possession of reference criteria and…

Editorial and Broadcasting Careers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broido, Arnold; And Others

1982-01-01

Describes the jobs of the music publisher and editor, music magazine and book editor, film music editor, and music critic. Educational requirements, job availability, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. A tear-out chart of ten music career areas, listing salaries and personal and educational qualifications, is included. (AM)

Generating the Field: The Role of Editors in Disciplinary Formation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Selfe, Cynthia; Villanueva, Victor; Parks, Steve

2017-01-01

In the following conversation, conducted asynchronously through email, three current and former editors discuss the role of publishing in creating a disciplinary identity. Speaking from the academic (Villanueva), digital (Selfe), and community (Parks), and, often crossing these three categories, the editors discuss how the field has failed to…

STEVE -- User Guide and Reference Manual

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fish, Adrian

This document describes an extended version of the EVE editor that has been tailored to the general Starlink user's requirements. This extended editor is STarlink Eve or STEve, and this document (along with it's introductory companion SUN/125) describes this editor, and offers additional help, advice and tips on general EVE usage.

Publishing and Journalism Careers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reed, Alfred; And Others

1977-01-01

If you like to work with words and notational symbols--or with describing, selecting, managing, and distributing the words and music of other people--then journalism or publishing as a whole may be your bailiwick. Describes the positions of music editor, music publisher, magazine/book editor, music critic, and freelance music writer. (Editor/RK)

Data Sharing: A New Editorial Initiative of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Implications for the Editors' Network.

PubMed

Alfonso, Fernando; Adamyan, Karlen; Artigou, Jean-Yves; Aschermann, Michael; Boehm, Michael; Buendia, Alfonso; Chu, Pao-Hsien; Cohen, Ariel; Cas, Livio Dei; Dilic, Mirza; Doubell, Anton; Echeverri, Dario; Enç, Nuray; Ferreira-González, Ignacio; Filipiak, Krzysztof J; Flammer, Andreas; Fleck, Eckart; Gatzov, Plamen; Ginghina, Carmen; Goncalves, Lino; Haouala, Habib; Hassanein, Mahmoud; Heusch, Gerd; Huber, Kurt; Hulín, Ivan; Ivanusa, Mario; Krittayaphong, Rungroj; Lau, Chu-Pak; Marinskis, Germanas; Mach, François; Moreira, Luiz Felipe; Nieminen, Tuomo; Oukerraj, Latifa; Perings, Stefan; Pierard, Luc; Potpara, Tatjana; Reyes-Caorsi, Walter; Rim, Se-Joong; Rødevand, Olaf; Saade, Georges; Sander, Mikael; Shlyakhto, Evgeny; Timuralp, Bilgin; Tousoulis, Dimitris; Ural, Dilek; Piek, J J; Varga, Albert; Lüscher, Thomas F

The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) provides recommendations to improve the editorial standards and scientific quality of biomedical journals. These recommendations range from uniform technical requirements to more complex and elusive editorial issues including ethical aspects of the scientific process. Recently, registration of clinical trials, conflicts of interest disclosure, and new criteria for authorship - emphasizing the importance of responsibility and accountability -, have been proposed. Last year, a new editorial initiative to foster sharing of clinical trial data was launched. This review discusses this novel initiative with the aim of increasing awareness among readers, investigators, authors and editors belonging to the Editors' Network of the European Society of Cardiology. Copyright © 2017. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A.

ZED- A LINE EDITOR FOR THE DEC VAX

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Scott, P. J.

1994-01-01

The ZED editor for the DEC VAX is a simple, yet powerful line editor for text, program source code, and non-binary data. Line editors can be superior to screen editors in some cases, such as executing complex multiple or conditional commands, or editing via slow modem lines. ZED excels in the area of text processing by using procedure files. For example, such procedures can reformat a file of addresses or remove all comment lines from a FORTRAN program. In addition to command files, ZED also features versatile search qualifiers, global changes, conditionals, on-line help, hexadecimal mode, space compression, looping, logical combinations of search strings, journaling, visible control characters, and automatic detabbing. The ZED editor was originally developed at Cambridge University in London and has been continuously enhanced since 1976. Users of the Cambridge implementation have devised such elaborate ZED procedures as chess games, calculators, and programs for evaluating Pi. This implementation of ZED strives to maintain the characteristics of the Cambridge editor. A complete ZED manual is included on the tape. ZED is written entirely in C for either batch or interactive execution on the DEC VAX under VMS 4.X and requires 80,896 bytes of memory. This program was released in 1988 and updated in 1989.

[Mutagenic evaluation of the urine of rats treated with oils implicated in the toxic oil syndrome using bacterial tests].

PubMed

Barrueco, C; Sladek, F; Canga, C; Valcarce, E; de la Peña, E; Alia, M; Laborda, E

1983-01-01

The mutagenic activity of the urine of pregnant rats treated with toxic oil syndrome-related rape seed oil or with edible oil was evaluated by means of the Ames and Green tests. It was found that the urine of the pregnant rats treated with "Jen" oil, that was related to the toxic oil syndrome, was mutagenic.

A Content Analytic Study of "People's Daily" in Its Socialization Process: A Case in Cross-Cultural Communication.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marr, Theodore J.

The author outlines a study comparing the modes of communication in two newspapers: "Jen Min Jih Pao" (People's Daily) and the Des Moines"Register." He applies a content-category system, based on Hayakawa's trichotomy of sentence types, to the reporting of these two newspapers on five major international events: the 1967 Arab-Israeli conflict, the…

Publisher Correction: Random access quantum information processors using multimode circuit quantum electrodynamics.

PubMed

Naik, R K; Leung, N; Chakram, S; Groszkowski, Peter; Lu, Y; Earnest, N; McKay, D C; Koch, Jens; Schuster, D I

2018-01-09

In the original version of this Article, the affiliation details for Peter Groszkowski and Jens Koch were incorrectly given as 'Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA', instead of the correct 'Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA'. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Bridenstine Sworn In As NASA Administrator

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-04-23

Jen Rae Wang, NASA Associate Administrator for NASA’s Office of Communications, left, NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, and Vice President Mike Pence, talk with NASA astronauts Scott Tingle, Andrew Feustel, and Ricky Arnold who are onboard the International Space Station, Monday, April 23, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Bridenstine was just sworn in by the Vice President as NASA's 13th Administrator. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

On the downscaling of actual evapotranspiration maps based on combination of MODIS and landsat-based actual evapotranspiration estimates

USGS Publications Warehouse

Singh, Ramesh K.; Senay, Gabriel B.; Velpuri, Naga Manohar; Bohms, Stefanie; Verdin, James P.

2014-01-01

 Downscaling is one of the important ways of utilizing the combined benefits of the high temporal resolution of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images and fine spatial resolution of Landsat images. We have evaluated the output regression with intercept method and developed the Linear with Zero Intercept (LinZI) method for downscaling MODIS-based monthly actual evapotranspiration (AET) maps to the Landsat-scale monthly AET maps for the Colorado River Basin for 2010. We used the 8-day MODIS land surface temperature product (MOD11A2) and 328 cloud-free Landsat images for computing AET maps and downscaling. The regression with intercept method does have limitations in downscaling if the slope and intercept are computed over a large area. A good agreement was obtained between downscaled monthly AET using the LinZI method and the eddy covariance measurements from seven flux sites within the Colorado River Basin. The mean bias ranged from −16 mm (underestimation) to 22 mm (overestimation) per month, and the coefficient of determination varied from 0.52 to 0.88. Some discrepancies between measured and downscaled monthly AET at two flux sites were found to be due to the prevailing flux footprint. A reasonable comparison was also obtained between downscaled monthly AET using LinZI method and the gridded FLUXNET dataset. The downscaled monthly AET nicely captured the temporal variation in sampled land cover classes. The proposed LinZI method can be used at finer temporal resolution (such as 8 days) with further evaluation. The proposed downscaling method will be very useful in advancing the application of remotely sensed images in water resources planning and management.

Identification and agreement of first turn point by mathematical analysis applied to heart rate, carbon dioxide output and electromyography

PubMed Central

Zamunér, Antonio R.; Catai, Aparecida M.; Martins, Luiz E. B.; Sakabe, Daniel I.; Silva, Ester Da

2013-01-01

Background The second heart rate (HR) turn point has been extensively studied, however there are few studies determining the first HR turn point. Also, the use of mathematical and statistical models for determining changes in dynamic characteristics of physiological variables during an incremental cardiopulmonary test has been suggested. Objectives To determine the first turn point by analysis of HR, surface electromyography (sEMG), and carbon dioxide output () using two mathematical models and to compare the results to those of the visual method. Method Ten sedentary middle-aged men (53.9±3.2 years old) were submitted to cardiopulmonary exercise testing on an electromagnetic cycle ergometer until exhaustion. Ventilatory variables, HR, and sEMG of the vastus lateralis were obtained in real time. Three methods were used to determine the first turn point: 1) visual analysis based on loss of parallelism between and oxygen uptake (); 2) the linear-linear model, based on fitting the curves to the set of data (Lin-Lin ); 3) a bi-segmental linear regression of Hinkley' s algorithm applied to HR (HMM-HR), (HMM- ), and sEMG data (HMM-RMS). Results There were no differences between workload, HR, and ventilatory variable values at the first ventilatory turn point as determined by the five studied parameters (p>0.05). The Bland-Altman plot showed an even distribution of the visual analysis method with Lin-Lin , HMM-HR, HMM-CO2, and HMM-RMS. Conclusion The proposed mathematical models were effective in determining the first turn point since they detected the linear pattern change and the deflection point of , HR responses, and sEMG. PMID:24346296