77 FR 3836 - Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement, Mingo County, WV

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-25

... Mountain Surface Mine Clean Water Act Section 404 Permit Application. The FHWA and USACE are joint-lead... 2000 FEIS and approved in the 2000 ROD. The USACE is evaluating a Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 404... to surface water and groundwater resources, including aquatic habitat, water quantity and quality...

A perspective study on green cleaning for Malaysian public hospital

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramli, N. A.; Zawawi, E. M.; Arif, N. R. M.; Mahbob, N. S.; Sulaiman, Z.; Zainol, N. N.

2018-02-01

Cleaning being a major contributor to the operations and maintenance expenditure and also Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) issues. Improper and ineffective cleaning can harm the environment and poses greatest risk to health. The use of traditional cleaning products presents a variety of human health and ecological concerns; and may contribute to poor IEQ. As an effort to reduce the issue of operations and maintenance costs and IEQ issues in a building, it is important to establish a green cleaning programme to ensure that the buildings are cleaned in a green way. Numbers of scholars has pointed out the factors which had prevented the green cleaning implementation in hospital buildings. Nonetheless, the significance of these factors has yet to be practically explored in the Malaysian context. Hence, the aim of the paper is to identify the most critical factor that prevents the implementation of green cleaning in Malaysian hospital building. A questionnaire survey and personal communication (i.e. interview) was conducted which involved two groups of respondents. They are the hospital maintenance staff (Cleansing Service Department) and cleaning contractors. Frequency and criticality index calculations have been used to rank these factors according to the level of importance. The result showed that an “unclear components and requirements of green cleaning” indicated as the most critical factor that prevent the implementation of green cleaning in Malaysian hospital building. In the concern for a successful implementation of green cleaning, it is hope that the findings of these studies can be enlightenment to the cleaning contractors as well as the hospital maintenance management team in Malaysia.

Air pollution : status of implementation and issues of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property, and Nuclear Safety, Committee on Environment and Public Works, U.S. Senate

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-01

With reauthorization of the Clean Air Act impending, the General Accounting Office (GAO) was asked to provide information on the implementation of the first six titles of the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments. Specifically they were asked to (1) provide ...

77 FR 5570 - Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree Under the Clean Water Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-03

... Chapter, Hawai'i's Thousand Friends, and Our Children's Earth Foundation) filed a joint stipulation to... DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree Under the Clean Water Act Notice is....O. Box 7611, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC 20044-7611, and should refer to United...

Final Report to the Clean Air Act Advisory Committee, Title V Implementation Experience

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

In 2004, the Clean Air Act Advisory Committee established the Task Force on Title V Implementation Experience to report on stakeholder experience with implementation of the Title V operating permit program. This report details their recommendations.

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Publications

Science.gov Websites

report is a summary of the project design and results of the analysis of data collected during the hygiene, emissions, and fleet economics. CleanFleet Final Report Project Design and Implementation, Vol. 2 CleanFleet findings, the design and implementation of the project are summarized. Clean Cities Drive - Fall

Modified Process Reduces Porosity when Soldering in Reduced Gravity Environments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Watson, Kevin; Struk, Peter; Pettegrew, Richard; Downs, Robert; Haylett, Daniel

2012-01-01

A modified process yields lower levels of internal porosity for solder joints produced in reduced-gravity environments. The process incorporates both alternative materials and a modified procedure. The process provides the necessary cleaning action to enable effective bonding of the applied solder alloy with the materials to be joined. The modified process incorporates a commercially available liquid flux that is applied to the solder joint before heating with the soldering iron. It is subsequently heated with the soldering iron to activate the cleaning action of the flux and to evaporate most of the flux, followed by application of solder alloy in the form of commercially available solid solder wire (containing no flux). Continued heating ensures adequate flow of the solder alloy around and onto the materials to be joined. The final step is withdrawal of the soldering iron to allow alloy solidification and cooling of the solder joint.

Researching effective approaches to cleaning in hospitals: protocol of the REACH study, a multi-site stepped-wedge randomised trial.

PubMed

Hall, Lisa; Farrington, Alison; Mitchell, Brett G; Barnett, Adrian G; Halton, Kate; Allen, Michelle; Page, Katie; Gardner, Anne; Havers, Sally; Bailey, Emily; Dancer, Stephanie J; Riley, Thomas V; Gericke, Christian A; Paterson, David L; Graves, Nicholas

2016-03-24

The Researching Effective Approaches to Cleaning in Hospitals (REACH) study will generate evidence about the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a novel cleaning initiative that aims to improve the environmental cleanliness of hospitals. The initiative is an environmental cleaning bundle, with five interdependent, evidence-based components (training, technique, product, audit and communication) implemented with environmental services staff to enhance hospital cleaning practices. The REACH study will use a stepped-wedge randomised controlled design to test the study intervention, an environmental cleaning bundle, in 11 Australian hospitals. All trial hospitals will receive the intervention and act as their own control, with analysis undertaken of the change within each hospital based on data collected in the control and intervention periods. Each site will be randomised to one of the 11 intervention timings with staggered commencement dates in 2016 and an intervention period between 20 and 50 weeks. All sites complete the trial at the same time in 2017. The inclusion criteria allow for a purposive sample of both public and private hospitals that have higher-risk patient populations for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The primary outcome (objective one) is the monthly number of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemias (SABs), Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs) and vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) infections, per 10,000 bed days. Secondary outcomes for objective one include the thoroughness of hospital cleaning assessed using fluorescent marker technology, the bio-burden of frequent touch surfaces post cleaning and changes in staff knowledge and attitudes about environmental cleaning. A cost-effectiveness analysis will determine the second key outcome (objective two): the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio from implementation of the cleaning bundle. The study uses the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (iPARIHS) framework to support the tailored implementation of the environmental cleaning bundle in each hospital. Evidence from the REACH trial will contribute to future policy and practice guidelines about hospital environmental cleaning. It will be used by healthcare leaders and clinicians to inform decision-making and implementation of best-practice infection prevention strategies to reduce HAIs in hospitals. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12615000325505.

State Implementation Plans; General Preamble & Lead (Pb) Addendum for the Implementation of Title I of the Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990 (57 FR 13498 & 58 FR 67748)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This page contains a copy of the 1993 & 1993 Federal Register publications of the State Implementation Plans (SIPs); General Preamble & Lead (Pb) Addendum for the Implementation of Title I of the Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990.

Efficiency of surface cleaning by a glow discharge for plasma spraying coating

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kadyrmetov, A. M.; Kashapov, N. F.; Sharifullin, S. N.; Saifutdinov, A. I.; Fadeev, S. A.

2016-06-01

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the quality of cleaning steel surfaces by a glow discharge for plasma spraying. Shows the results of measurements of the angle of surface wetting and bond strength of the plasma coating to the surface treated. The dependence of the influence of the glow discharge power, chamber pressure, distance between the electrodes and the processing time of the surface on cleaning efficiency. Optimal fields of factors is found. It is shown increase joint strength coating and base by 30-80% as a result of cleaning the substrate surface by a glow discharge plasma spraying.

Environmentally Sound Processing Technology: JANNAF Safety and Environmental Protection Subcommittee and Propellant Development and Characterization Subcommittee Joint Workshop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pickett, Lorri A. (Editor)

1995-01-01

Topics covered include: Risk assessment of hazardous materials, Automated systems for pollution prevention and hazardous materials elimination, Study design for the toxicity evaluation of ammonium perchlorate, Plasma sprayed bondable stainless surface coatings, Development of CFC-free cleaning processes, New fluorinated solvent alternatives to ozone depleting solvents, Cleaning with highly fluorinated liquids, Biotreatment of propyleneglycol nitrate by anoxic denitrification, Treatment of hazardous waste with white rot fungus, Hydrothermal oxidation as an environmentally benign treatment technology, Treatment of solid propellant manufacturing wastes by base hydrolysis, Design considerations for cleaning using supercritical fluid technology, and Centrifugal shear carbon dioxide cleaning.

Plasma jet takes off.

PubMed Central

Frazer, L

1999-01-01

Thanks to a series of joint research projects by Los Alamos National Laboratory, Beta Squared of Allen, Texas, and the University of California at Los Angeles, there is now a more environmentally sound method for cleaning semiconductor chips that may also be effective in cleaning up chemical, bacterial, and nuclear contaminants. The Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet uses a type of ionized gas called plasma to clean up contaminants by binding to them and lifting them away. In contrast to the corrosive acids and chemical solvents traditionally used to clean semiconductor chips, the jet oxidizes contaminants, producing only benign gaseous by-products such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. The new technology is also easy to transport, cleans thoroughly and quickly, and presents no hazards to its operators. PMID:10417375

THE CLEAN ENERGY-ENVIRONMENT GUIDE TO ACTION ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Guide to Action identifies and describes sixteen clean energy policies and strategies that are delivering economic and environmental results for states. For each policy, the Guide describes: Objectives and benefits of the policy; Examples of states that have implemented the policy; Responsibilities of key players at the state level, including typical roles of the main stakeholders; Opportunities to coordinate implementation with other federal and state policies, partnerships and technical assistance resources; Best practices for policy design, implementation, and evaluation, including state examples; Action steps for states to take when adopting or modifying their clean energy policies, based on existing state experiences; Resources for additional information on individual state policies, legislative and regulatory language, and analytical tools and methods. States participating in the Clean Energy-Environment State Partnership Program will use the Guide to Action to: Develop their own Clean Energy-Environment Action Plan that is appropriate to their state; Identify the roles and responsibilities of key decision-makers, such as environmental regulators, state legislatures, public utility commissioners, and state energy offices; Access and apply technical assistance resources, models, and tools available for state-specific analyses and program implementation; and Learn from each other as they develop their own clean energy programs and policies.

75 FR 59973 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Control of Volatile...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-29

...; Cleaning of high precision optics; Stripping; Janitorial cleaning; cleaning of resin, coating, ink, and... laboratories; Cleaning operations in medical device or pharmaceutical manufacturing; and Cleaning operations related to performance or quality assurance testing of coatings, inks, or adhesives. COMAR 26.11.19.09-1...

Implementation of environmentally compliant cleaning and insulation bonding for MNASA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hutchens, Dale E.; Keen, Jill M.; Smith, Gary M.; Dillard, Terry W.; Deweese, C. Darrell; Lawson, Seth W.

1995-01-01

Historically, many subscale and full-scale rocket motors have employed environmentally and physiologically harmful chemicals during the manufacturing process. This program examines the synergy and interdependency between environmentally acceptable materials for solid rocket motor insulation applications, bonding, corrosion inhibiting, painting, priming, and cleaning, and then implements new materials and processes in subscale motors. Tests have been conducted to eliminate or minimize hazardous chemicals used in the manufacture of modified-NASA materials test motor (MNASA) components and identify alternate materials and/or processes following NASA Operational Environmental Team (NOET) priorities. This presentation describes implementation of high pressure water refurbishment cleaning, aqueous precision cleaning using both Brulin 815 GD and Jettacin, and insulation case bonding using ozone depleting chemical (ODC) compliant primers and adhesives.

Chapter 2: Assessing the Potential Energy Impacts of Clean Energy Initiatives

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Chapter 2 of Assessing the Multiple Benefits of Clean Energy helps state energy, environmental, and economic policy makers identify and quantify the many benefits of clean energy to support the development and implementation of cost-effective clean energ

Absorbed radiation doses to staff after implementation of a radiopharmacy clean room.

PubMed

Ponto, James A

2014-12-01

In response to U.S. Pharmacopeia general chapter <797> standards, a clean room was constructed for our in-house radiopharmacy. Previously, most patient doses were prepared as needed just before injection. Currently, to minimize repeated entries into the clean room, most patient doses are prepared in batches; that is, early morning and noontime preparation of doses to be injected at various times throughout the morning and the afternoon, respectively. Because these patient doses may be prepared well before injection time, radioactive decay necessitates higher amounts of radioactivity to be handled for patient dose preparation. Hence, absorbed radiation doses to staff, all of whom rotate into the radiopharmacy clean room in addition to their regular patient-related activities, were retrospectively evaluated. Monthly dosimetry reports for body (chest badge) and extremities (finger ring) were retrospectively reviewed for each staff member for 12 mo before and 12 mo after implementation of the radiopharmacy clean room. Monthly data were evaluated for average and SD, and 12-mo groups were evaluated using a paired t test. Data for the second 12-mo period were also normalized to the same number of patient doses to account for an increase in procedure volume and were reevaluated. Before the radiopharmacy clean room had been implemented, average monthly absorbed radiation doses to body and extremities were 23 ± 15 mrem (0.23 ± 0.15 mSv) and 93 ± 59 mrem (0.93 ± 0.59 mSv), respectively. After the clean room had been implemented, average monthly absorbed radiation doses increased to 32 ± 16 mrem (0.32 ± 0.16 mSv) (P < 0.001) and 121 ± 89 mrem (1.21 ± 0.89 mSv) (P = 0.0015), respectively. When normalized for procedure volume, average monthly absorbed radiation doses after implementation of the clean room were still higher, at 29 ± 15 mrem (0.29 ± 0.15 mSv) (P = 0.001) and 110 ± 80 mrem (1.10 ± 0.80 mSv) (P = 0.039), respectively. After implementation of a radiopharmacy clean room, absorbed radiation doses to body and extremities increased by 26% and 18%, respectively, even after normalizing for procedure volume. Because absorbed radiation doses from other activities, such as patient dose administration and patient imaging, are assumed to remain relatively constant, these increases in absorbed radiation doses to staff are attributed to changes in work flow after implementation of the radiopharmacy clean room. © 2014 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Inc.

Cleaning of printed circuit assemblies with surface-mounted components

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arzigian, J. S.

The need for ever-increasing miniaturization of airborne instrumentation through the use of surface mounted components closely placed on printed circuit boards highlights problems with traditional board cleaning methods. The reliability of assemblies which have been cleaned with vapor degreasing and spray cleaning can be seriously compromised by residual contaminants leading to solder joint failure, board corrosion, and even electrical failure of the mounted parts. In addition, recent government actions to eliminate fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and chlorinated hydrocarbons from the industrial environment require the development of new cleaning materials and techniques. This paper discusses alternative cleaning materials and techniques and results that can be expected with them. Particular emphasis is placed on problems related to surface-mounted parts. These new techniques may lead to improved circuit reliability and, at the same time, be less expensive and less environmentally hazardous than the traditional systems.

Northwest Region Clean Energy Application Center

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sjoding, David

2013-09-30

The main objective of the Northwest Clean Energy Application Center (NW CEAC) is to promote and support implementation of clean energy technologies. These technologies include combined heat and power (CHP), district energy, waste heat recovery with a primary focus on waste heat to power, and other related clean energy systems such as stationary fuel cell CHP systems. The northwest states include AK, ID, MT, OR, and WA. The key aim/outcome of the Center is to promote and support implementation of clean energy projects. Implemented projects result in a number of benefits including increased energy efficiency, renewable energy development (when usingmore » opportunity fuels), reduced carbon emissions, improved facility economics helping to preserve jobs, and reduced criteria pollutants calculated on an output-based emissions basis. Specific objectives performed by the NW CEAC fall within the following five broad promotion and support categories: 1) Center management and planning including database support; 2) Education and Outreach including plan development, website, target market workshops, and education/outreach materials development 3) Identification and provision of screening assessments & feasibility studies as funded by the facility or occasionally further support of Potential High Impact Projects; 4) Project implementation assistance/trouble shooting; and 5) Development of a supportive clean energy policy and initiative/financing framework.« less

Implementation Science to Accelerate Clean Cooking for Public Health

PubMed Central

Rosenthal, Joshua; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Bruce, Nigel; Chambers, David; Graham, Jay; Jack, Darby; Kline, Lydia; Masera, Omar; Mehta, Sumi; Mercado, Ilse Ruiz; Neta, Gila; Pattanayak, Subhrendu; Puzzolo, Elisa; Petach, Helen; Punturieri, Antonello; Rubinstein, Adolfo; Sage, Michael; Sturke, Rachel; Shankar, Anita; Sherr, Kenny; Smith, Kirk; Yadama, Gautam

2017-01-01

Summary: Clean cooking has emerged as a major concern for global health and development because of the enormous burden of disease caused by traditional cookstoves and fires. The World Health Organization has developed new indoor air quality guidelines that few homes will be able to achieve without replacing traditional methods with modern clean cooking technologies, including fuels and stoves. However, decades of experience with improved stove programs indicate that the challenge of modernizing cooking in impoverished communities includes a complex, multi-sectoral set of problems that require implementation research. The National Institutes of Health, in partnership with several government agencies and the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, has launched the Clean Cooking Implementation Science Network that aims to address this issue. In this article, our focus is on building a knowledge base to accelerate scale-up and sustained use of the cleanest technologies in low- and middle-income countries. Implementation science provides a variety of analytical and planning tools to enhance effectiveness of clinical and public health interventions. These tools are being integrated with a growing body of knowledge and new research projects to yield new methods, consensus tools, and an evidence base to accelerate improvements in health promised by the renewed agenda of clean cooking. PMID:28055947

Clean Water Act (CWA) Action Plan Implementation Priorities: Changes to Improve Water Quality, Increase Compliance and Expand Transparency

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Clean Water Act (CWA) Action Plan Implementation Priorities describes the new approaches to revamp the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting, compliance and enforcement program.Issued May 11, 2011

Sceening, down selection, and implementation of environmentally compliant cleaning and insulation bonding for MNASA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keen, Jill M.; Hutchens, D. E.; Smith, G. M.; Dillard, T. W.

1994-06-01

MNASA, a quarter-scale space shuttle solid rocket motor, has historically been processed using environmentally and physiologically harmful chemicals. This program draws from previous testing done in support of full-scale manufacturing and examines the synergy and interdependency between environmentally acceptable materials for Solid Rocket Motor insulation applications, bonding, corrosion inhibiting, painting, priming and cleaning; and then implements new materials and processes in sub-scale motors. Tests have been conducted to eliminate or minimize hazardous chemicals used in the manufacture of MNASA components and identify alternate materials and/or processes following NASA Operational Environment Team (NOET) priorities. This presentation describes implementation of high pressure water refurbishment cleaning, aqueous precision cleaning using both Brulin 815 GD and Jettacin and insulation case bonding using ODC compliant primers and adhesives.

76 FR 45618 - Notice of Lodging of Joint Stipulation Under the Clean Air Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-29

... Consent Decree entered in United States v. BP Exploration and Oil Co., et al., (Civil No. 2:96 CV 095 RL... located in Texas City, Texas (the ``Texas City Refinery''). The Joint Stipulation modifies the Natural Gas Conversion SEP so that heavy-duty diesel vehicles from third parties other than the City of Texas City, Texas...

Forced-air warming and ultra-clean ventilation do not mix: an investigation of theatre ventilation, patient warming and joint replacement infection in orthopaedics.

PubMed

McGovern, P D; Albrecht, M; Belani, K G; Nachtsheim, C; Partington, P F; Carluke, I; Reed, M R

2011-11-01

We investigated the capacity of patient warming devices to disrupt the ultra-clean airflow system. We compared the effects of two patient warming technologies, forced-air and conductive fabric, on operating theatre ventilation during simulated hip replacement and lumbar spinal procedures using a mannequin as a patient. Infection data were reviewed to determine whether joint infection rates were associated with the type of patient warming device that was used. Neutral-buoyancy detergent bubbles were released adjacent to the mannequin's head and at floor level to assess the movement of non-sterile air into the clean airflow over the surgical site. During simulated hip replacement, bubble counts over the surgical site were greater for forced-air than for conductive fabric warming when the anaesthesia/surgery drape was laid down (p = 0.010) and at half-height (p < 0.001). For lumbar surgery, forced-air warming generated convection currents that mobilised floor air into the surgical site area. Conductive fabric warming had no such effect. A significant increase in deep joint infection, as demonstrated by an elevated infection odds ratio (3.8, p = 0.024), was identified during a period when forced-air warming was used compared to a period when conductive fabric warming was used. Air-free warming is, therefore, recommended over forced-air warming for orthopaedic procedures.

Assessing the Multiple Benefits of Clean Energy Full Report

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Guidance for state energy, environmental, and economic policy makers to identify and quantify the many benefits of clean energy to support the development and implementation of cost-effective clean energy initiatives.

Constructing early warning information release system in towns enterprise clean production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yuwen, Huixin; He, Xueqiu; Qian, Xinming; Yuan, Mengqi

2017-08-01

China’s industry boom has not only brought unprecedented prosperity, but also caused the gradual depletion of various resources and the worsening of the natural environment. Experts admit that China is facing serious environmental problem, but they believe that they can seek a new path to overcome it through joint efforts. Early warning information release and clean production are the important concepts in addressing the imminent crisis. Early warning information release system can monitor and forecast the risk that affects the clean production. The author drawn the experiences and lessons from developed countries, combined with China’s reality, put forward countermeasures and suggestions about constructing early warning information release system in process of Chinese town-scaled enterprises clean production.

Si /SiGe n-type resonant tunneling diodes fabricated using in situ hydrogen cleaning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suet, Z.; Paul, D. J.; Zhang, J.; Turner, S. G.

2007-05-01

In situ hydrogen cleaning to reduce the surface segregation of n-type dopants in SiGe epitaxy has been used to fabricate Si /SiGe resonant tunneling diodes in a joint gas source chemical vapor deposition and molecular beam epitaxial system. Diodes fabricated without the in situ clean demonstrate linear current-voltage characteristics, while a 15min hydrogen clean produces negative differential resistance with peak-to-valley current ratios up to 2.2 and peak current densities of 5.0A/cm2 at 30K. Analysis of the valley current and the band structure of the devices suggest methods for increasing the operating temperature of Si /SiGe resonant tunneling diodes as required for applications.

Supporting Effective Feed-in Tariff Development in Malaysia

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Since 2011, Malaysia's overarching policy framework for clean energy development, the New Energy Policy, has led to significant deployment of renewable energy and energy efficiency. Building on the New Energy Policy, Malaysia mandated adoption of a renewable energy feed-in tariff (FiT) mechanism under the 2011 Renewable Energy Act. In 2013, Malaysia's Sustainable Energy Development Authority partnered with the Clean Energy Solutions Center and the Clean Energy Regulators Initiative (CERI), via the Ask an Expert service, to implement FiT policies and expand renewable energy development. Through collaboration between the government of Malaysia and the Clean Energy Solutions Center, concrete policy actionmore » was supported and implemented, building a strong framework to expand and catalyze clean energy development.« less

7 CFR 634.40 - Financial management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LONG TERM CONTRACTING RURAL CLEAN WATER PROGRAM Financial Management § 634.40... comprehensive USDA/EPA joint water quality monitoring, evaluating, and analysis will be funded according to the...

Reducing health care-associated infections by implementing separated environmental cleaning management measures by using disposable wipes of four colors.

PubMed

Wong, Swee Siang; Huang, Cheng Hua; Yang, Chiu Chu; Hsieh, Yi Pei; Kuo, Chen Ni; Chen, Yi Ru; Chen, Li Ching

2018-01-01

Environmental cleaning is a fundamental principle of infection control in health care settings. We determined whether implementing separated environmental cleaning management measures in MICU reduced the density of HAI. We performed a 4-month prospective cohort intervention study between August and December 2013, at the MICU of Cathay General hospital. We arranged a training program for all the cleaning staff regarding separated environmental cleaning management measures by using disposable wipes of four colors to clean the patients' bedside areas, areas at a high risk of contamination, paperwork areas, and public areas. Fifteen high-touch surfaces were selected for cleanliness evaluation by using the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence test. Then data regarding HAI densities in the MICU were collected during the baseline, intervention, and late periods. A total of 120 ATP readings were obtained. The total number of clean high-touch surfaces increased from 13% to 53%, whereas that of unclean high-touch surface decreased from 47% to 20%. The densities of HAI were 14.32‰ and 14.90‰ during the baseline and intervention periods, respectively. The HAI density did not decrease after the intervention period, but it decreased to 9.07‰ during the late period. Implementing separated environmental cleaning management measures by using disposable wipes of four colors effectively improves cleanliness in MICU environments. However, no decrease in HAI density was observed within the study period. Considering that achieving high levels of hand-hygiene adherence is difficult, improving environmental cleaning is a crucial adjunctive measure for reducing the incidence of HAIs.

Status of Clean Air Act (CAA) 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) SIPs Final Rule TSD

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This document describes, for each state subject to a Federal implementation plan (FIP) with respect to ozone and/or PM2.5 NAAQS under the Transport Rule, the status of each Clean Air Act state implementation plan (SIP) for the relevant NAAQS.

Physical risk factors identification based on body sensor network combined to videotaping.

PubMed

Vignais, Nicolas; Bernard, Fabien; Touvenot, Gérard; Sagot, Jean-Claude

2017-11-01

The aim of this study was to perform an ergonomic analysis of a material handling task by combining a subtask video analysis and a RULA computation, implemented continuously through a motion capture system combining inertial sensors and electrogoniometers. Five workers participated to the experiment. Seven inertial measurement units, placed on the worker's upper body (pelvis, thorax, head, arms, forearms), were implemented through a biomechanical model of the upper body to continuously provide trunk, neck, shoulder and elbow joint angles. Wrist joint angles were derived from electrogoniometers synchronized with the inertial measurement system. Worker's activity was simultaneously recorded using video. During post-processing, joint angles were used as inputs to a computationally implemented ergonomic evaluation based on the RULA method. Consequently a RULA score was calculated at each time step to characterize the risk of exposure of the upper body (right and left sides). Local risk scores were also computed to identify the anatomical origin of the exposure. Moreover, the video-recorded work activity was time-studied in order to classify and quantify all subtasks involved into the task. Results showed that mean RULA scores were at high risk for all participants (6 and 6.2 for right and left sides respectively). A temporal analysis demonstrated that workers spent most part of the work time at a RULA score of 7 (right: 49.19 ± 35.27%; left: 55.5 ± 29.69%). Mean local scores revealed that most exposed joints during the task were elbows, lower arms, wrists and hands. Elbows and lower arms were indeed at a high level of risk during the total time of a work cycle (100% for right and left sides). Wrist and hands were also exposed to a risky level for much of the period of work (right: 82.13 ± 7.46%; left: 77.85 ± 12.46%). Concerning the subtask analysis, subtasks called 'snow thrower', 'opening the vacuum sealer', 'cleaning' and 'storing' have been identified as the most awkward for right and left sides given mean RULA scores and percentages of time spent at risky levels. Results analysis permitted to suggest ergonomic recommendations for the redesign of the workstation. Contributions of the proposed innovative system dedicated to physical ergonomic assessment are further discussed. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Biomechanical analysis of the knee during the power clean.

PubMed

Souza, Aaron L; Shimada, Sean D

2002-05-01

To our knowledge, no scientific literature has examined the 3-dimensional forces acting at the knee joint during a power clean. Ten male weightlifting subjects (25.9 years, SD 3.54) performed 1 set of the power clean at 60 and 70% of their maximal collegiate level for 5 repetitions. The subjects displayed a large compressive, moderate anterior, and a small degree of lateral and medial force at the knee during both percentage lifts. The majority of these forces occurred during the second pull phase or the catching phase of the lift. Lifters with decreased weight/system weight percentages displayed a more efficient lift that placed less stress on the knees. This analysis may provide invaluable information in the assessment of weight percentages used for Olympic weightlifters throughout the training year. the power clean.

Community Capacity for Implementing Clean Development Mechanism Projects Within Community Forests in Cameroon

PubMed Central

McCall, Michael K.; Bressers, Hans Th. A.

2007-01-01

There is a growing assumption that payments for environmental services including carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emission reduction provide an opportunity for poverty reduction and the enhancement of sustainable development within integrated natural resource management approaches. Yet in experiential terms, community-based natural resource management implementation falls short of expectations in many cases. In this paper, we investigate the asymmetry between community capacity and the Land Use Land Use Change Forestry (LULUCF) provisions of the Clean Development Mechanism within community forests in Cameroon. We use relevant aspects of the Clean Development Mechanism criteria and notions of “community capacity” to elucidate determinants of community capacity needed for CDM implementation within community forests. The main requirements are for community capacity to handle issues of additionality, acceptability, externalities, certification, and community organisation. These community capacity requirements are further used to interpret empirically derived insights on two community forestry cases in Cameroon. While local variations were observed for capacity requirements in each case, community capacity was generally found to be insufficient for meaningful uptake and implementation of Clean Development Mechanism projects. Implications for understanding factors that could inhibit or enhance community capacity for project development are discussed. We also include recommendations for the wider Clean Development Mechanism/Kyoto capacity building framework. PMID:17377732

Contraception and clean needles: feasibility of combining mobile reproductive health and needle exchange services for female exotic dancers.

PubMed

Moore, Eva; Han, Jennifer; Serio-Chapman, Christine; Mobley, Cynthia; Watson, Catherine; Terplan, Mishka

2012-10-01

Young women engaged in exotic dancing have a higher need for reproductive health services than women not in this profession, and many also use drugs or exchange sex for money or drugs. Few report receiving reproductive health services. We describe a public health, academic, and community partnership that provided reproductive health services on needle exchange mobile vans in the "red light district" in downtown Baltimore, Maryland. Women made 220 visits to the vans in the first 21 months of the program's operation, and 65% of these visits involved provision of contraception. Programmatic costs were feasible. Joint provision of needle exchange and reproductive health services targeting exotic dancers has the potential to reduce unintended pregnancies and link pregnant, substance-abusing women to reproductive care, and such programs should be implemented more widely.

40 CFR 52.351 - United States Postal Service substitute Clean Fuel Fleet Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... State Implementation Plan, carbon monoxide NAAQS, United States Postal Service substitute clean-fuel... of section 246 of the Clean Air Act for the Denver Metropolitan carbon monoxide nonattainment area.... [66 FR 64758, Dec. 14, 2001] ...

Have Recent Modifications of Operating Room Attire Policies Decreased Surgical Site Infections? An American College of Surgeons NSQIP Review of 6,517 Patients.

PubMed

Farach, Sandra M; Kelly, Kristin N; Farkas, Rachel L; Ruan, Daniel T; Matroniano, Amy; Linehan, David C; Moalem, Jacob

2018-05-01

After a Department of Health site visit, 2 teaching hospitals imposed strict regulations on operating room attire, including full coverage of ears and facial hair. We hypothesized that this intervention would reduce superficial surgical site infections (SSIs). We compared NSQIP data from all patients undergoing operations in the 9 months before implementation (n = 3,077) to time-matched data 9 months post-implementation (n = 3,440). Univariate and multivariable analyses were used to examine patient, clinical, and operative factors associated with SSIs. Power analysis was performed using pre-intervention SSI rates. Despite a shift toward more clean cases, there were more SSIs post-implementation (33 vs 30 [1%]; p = 0.95). There were no differences in length of stay, complications, or mortality between the 2 time periods. Overall, SSI increased with wound class: 0.6%, 0.9%, 2.3%, and 3.8% in clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated, and infected cases, respectively. Limiting the review to clean or clean-contaminated cases, incisional SSIs increased from 0.7% (20 of 2,754) to 0.8% (24 of 3,115) (p = 0.85). A multivariable analysis showed that implementation of these policies was not associated with decreased SSIs (odds ratio 1.2; 95% CI 0.70 to 1.96; p = 0.56). The largest predictors of SSIs were preoperative infection, operative time >75th percentile, open wounds, and dirty/contaminated wounds. A hypothetical analysis revealed that a sample size of 485,154 patients would be required to demonstrate a 10% SSI reduction among patients with clean or clean-contaminated wounds. Implementation of stringent operating room attire policies do not reduce SSI rates. A study to prove this principle further would be impractical to conduct. Copyright © 2018 American College of Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

English-Russian, Russian-English glossary of coal-cleaning terms

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pekar, J.

1987-09-01

The document is an English-Russian, Russian-English glossary of coal-cleaning terms, compiled as a joint U.S./Soviet effort. The need for the glossary resulted from the growing number of language-specific terms used during information exchanges within the framework of the U.S./U.S.S.R. Working Group on Stationary Source Air Pollution Control Technology, under the U.S./U.S.S.R. Agreement of Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection.

2016-2020 Strategic Plan and Implementing Framework

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2015-11-01

The 2016-2020 Strategic Plan and Implementing Framework from the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) is the blueprint for launching the nation’s leadership in the global clean energy economy. This document will guide the organization to build on decades of progress in powering our nation from clean, affordable and secure energy.

23 CFR 633.211 - Implementation of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Water Pollution Control Act. 633.211 Section 633.211 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... Pollution Control Act. Pursuant to regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency (40 CFR part 15) implementing requirements with respect to the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act are...

23 CFR 633.211 - Implementation of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Water Pollution Control Act. 633.211 Section 633.211 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... Pollution Control Act. Pursuant to regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency (40 CFR part 15) implementing requirements with respect to the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act are...

23 CFR 633.211 - Implementation of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Water Pollution Control Act. 633.211 Section 633.211 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... Pollution Control Act. Pursuant to regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency (40 CFR part 15) implementing requirements with respect to the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act are...

23 CFR 633.211 - Implementation of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Water Pollution Control Act. 633.211 Section 633.211 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... Pollution Control Act. Pursuant to regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency (40 CFR part 15) implementing requirements with respect to the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act are...

Implementation of Paste Backfill Mining Technology in Chinese Coal Mines

PubMed Central

Chang, Qingliang; Zhou, Huaqiang; Bai, Jianbiao

2014-01-01

Implementation of clean mining technology at coal mines is crucial to protect the environment and maintain balance among energy resources, consumption, and ecology. After reviewing present coal clean mining technology, we introduce the technology principles and technological process of paste backfill mining in coal mines and discuss the components and features of backfill materials, the constitution of the backfill system, and the backfill process. Specific implementation of this technology and its application are analyzed for paste backfill mining in Daizhuang Coal Mine; a practical implementation shows that paste backfill mining can improve the safety and excavation rate of coal mining, which can effectively resolve surface subsidence problems caused by underground mining activities, by utilizing solid waste such as coal gangues as a resource. Therefore, paste backfill mining is an effective clean coal mining technology, which has widespread application. PMID:25258737

Implementation of paste backfill mining technology in Chinese coal mines.

PubMed

Chang, Qingliang; Chen, Jianhang; Zhou, Huaqiang; Bai, Jianbiao

2014-01-01

Implementation of clean mining technology at coal mines is crucial to protect the environment and maintain balance among energy resources, consumption, and ecology. After reviewing present coal clean mining technology, we introduce the technology principles and technological process of paste backfill mining in coal mines and discuss the components and features of backfill materials, the constitution of the backfill system, and the backfill process. Specific implementation of this technology and its application are analyzed for paste backfill mining in Daizhuang Coal Mine; a practical implementation shows that paste backfill mining can improve the safety and excavation rate of coal mining, which can effectively resolve surface subsidence problems caused by underground mining activities, by utilizing solid waste such as coal gangues as a resource. Therefore, paste backfill mining is an effective clean coal mining technology, which has widespread application.

78 FR 55234 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Indiana; Volatile Organic Compound Emission...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-10

... Measures for Industrial Solvent Cleaning for Northwest Indiana AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA...) submitted revisions to its volatile organic compound (VOC) industrial solvent cleaning rule for...). These revisions are approvable because they are consistent with EPA's Industrial Solvent Cleaning...

Three Case Studies in Green Cleaning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

State Education Standard, 2012

2012-01-01

This article presents case studies from three districts implementing green cleaning. In 2008, Missouri passed legislation requiring state education officials to convene a committee of stakeholders with the purpose of developing green cleaning guidelines and specifications for schools. The guide, published by the Department of Elementary and…

Cleaning Products Pilot Project

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This 1997 case study documents a three-year effort to identify and compare environmentally preferable commercial cleaning products and to implement the Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program (EPP).

77 FR 44544 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Utah; Determination of Clean Data...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-30

... governments or preempt Tribal law. List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Utah; Determination of Clean Data for the 1987 PM 10 Standard... National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less...

78 FR 68367 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Ohio NOX

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-14

... Clean Air Act, which allows for Ohio's Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) NO X Ozone Season Trading Program rules to supersede Ohio's nitrogen oxides (NO X ) State Implementation Plan (SIP) Call Budget Trading Program rules, but leave other requirements of the NO X SIP Call in place for units not covered by...

23 CFR 633.211 - Implementation of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Implementation of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. 633.211 Section 633.211 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS REQUIRED CONTRACT PROVISIONS Federal-Aid Contracts (Appalachian Contracts) § 633.211...

75 FR 32857 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia; Revision to Clean Air...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-10

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 52 [EPA-R03-OAR-2009-0599; FRL-9125-2] Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia; Revision to Clean Air Interstate Rule Sulfur Dioxide Trading Program Correction In final rule document 2010-5105 beginning on page 11738 in the issue...

The Complex Challenges of Remotely Removing Redundant Pipework and Cleaning/Remediation of Aging Civil Structures at Sellafield - 12446

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Farran, Paul

This paper identifies how a joint Sellafield Ltd/Nuclear Management Partners Tactical Review Team and main contractor, SA Robotics, developed and successfully deployed a solution to clean and coat the wall surface of an aging structure on the Sellafield Site. This involved removal of redundant pipework from the wall, cleaning and coating of the surface using a bespoke designed robotic manipulator with various end effectors. This system was able to safely and in a controlled manner remove the pipework, clean down the wall and prime and coat it within the required programme duration which was 5 months earlier than a previousmore » shielding only option. This was done in a high radiation field and in the challenging conditions of winter in Northern England. (authors)« less

Clean Cities Roadmap : A resource for developing, implementing, and sustaining your clean cities program

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-08-01

This roadmap explains how your community can join forces with the nationwide network of Clean Cities to increase the use of alternative fuels and alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). You will learn how the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) can help your c...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

School Bus Clean School Bus is a public-private partnership that focuses on reducing children's exposure to harmful diesel exhaust by limiting school bus idling, implementing pollution reduction technologies, improving route logistics, and switching to clean fuels. Clean School Bus is part of the U.S

An international partnership approach to clean energy technology innovation: Carbon capture and storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Xiaoliang

Is a global research partnership effective in developing, deploying, and diffusing clean energy technologies? Drawing on and extending innovation system studies, this doctoral dissertation elaborates an analytical model for a global technology learning system; examines the rationales, mechanisms, and effectiveness of the United States-- China Clean Energy Research Center Advanced Coal Technology Consortium (CERC-ACTC); and analyzes government's role in developing and implementing carbon capture and storage technologies in the United States (U.S.) and China. Studies have shown that successful technology innovation leads to economic prosperity and national competence, and prove that technology innovation does not happen in isolation but rather within interactive systems among stakeholders. However, the innovation process itself remains unclear, particularly with regard to interactive learning among and between major institutional actors, including technology developers, regulators, and financial organizations. This study seeks to advance scholarship on the interactive learning from the angle of global interactive learning. This dissertation research project seeks, as well, to inform policy-makers of how to strengthen international collaboration in clean energy technology development. The U.S.--China CERC-ACTC announced by Presidents Obama and Hu in 2009, provided a unique opportunity to close this scholarly gap. ACTC aimed to "advance the coal technology needed to safely, effectively, and efficiently utilize coal resources including the ability to capture, store, and utilize the emissions from coal use in both nations " through the joint research and development by U.S. and Chinese scientists and engineers. This dissertation project included one-year field research in the two countries, with in-depth interviews of key stakeholders, a survey of Consortium participants, analysis of available data, and site visits to collaborative research projects from 2013-2014. This research project collected new data and developed models of collaborative, international technology innovation that can be used in the analysis of policy options for clean energy technology development. The findings show that this bilateral initiative is facilitating the technology learning to some degree, becoming a major component of the U.S.-China climate change collaboration; however, policy makers and collaborative practitioners must overcome political, administrative, cultural, and other challenges in their own national contexts before achieving more concrete outcomes.

Austin Clean Cities: Implementing a voluntary alternative fuel program in an attainment area, or getting our act together and taking it on the road

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hannemann, L.W.

1995-12-31

Austin is the only city in attainment that has chosen to join the Clean Cities program. A recent emissions inventory completed by the City`s Air Quality Program shows that the largest single contributor to Austin`s deteriorating air quality is on-road mobile sources. Implementing the Clean Cities Program is one proactive step they are taking to keep the air clean. Although Austin Clean Cities chose to be fuel neutral they have found that propane and natural gas are the natural choices for them to use. The author was asked to address the potential pitfalls in setting up a Clean Cities program,more » and 20/20 hindsight reveals that Austin had a few housekeeping chores to attend to before starting the real work. There are lots of little details necessary to get an organization like this up and running and then keeping it healthy. These details need to be identified and addressed upfront and before any real work can be done. The advantage is that one gets a network that is able to gather, evaluate and disseminate information, and one gets a clean city.« less

Strength and failure analysis of composite-to-composite adhesive bonds with different surface treatments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paranjpe, Nikhil; Alamir, Mohammed; Alonayni, Abdullah; Asmatulu, Eylem; Rahman, Muhammad M.; Asmatulu, Ramazan

2018-03-01

Adhesives are widely utilized materials in aviation, automotive, energy, defense, and marine industries. Adhesive joints are gradually supplanting mechanical fasteners because they are lightweight structures, thus making the assembly lighter and easier. They also act as a sealant to prevent a structural joint from galvanic corrosion and leakages. Adhesive bonds provide high joint strength because of the fact that the load is distributed uniformly on the joint surface, while in mechanical joints, the load is concentrated at one point, thus leading to stress at that point and in turn causing joint failures. This research concentrated on the analysis of bond strength and failure loads in adhesive joint of composite-to-composite surfaces. Different durations of plasma along with the detergent cleaning were conducted on the composite surfaces prior to the adhesive applications and curing processes. The joint strength of the composites increased about 34% when the surface was plasma treated for 12 minutes. It is concluded that the combination of different surface preparations, rather than only one type of surface treatment, provides an ideal joint quality for the composites.

76 FR 23876 - Clarifications to Indian Tribes' Clean Air Act Regulatory Requirements; Direct Final Amendments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-29

... Clarifications to Indian Tribes' Clean Air Act Regulatory Requirements; Direct Final Amendments AGENCY... to amend certain Clean Air Act regulations pertaining to Indian tribes. This action changes the title... Subpart L, which includes provisions specific to implementation plans for tribes located in EPA Region IX...

Roadmap to Implementing Green Cleaning in Districts and Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Rochelle, Ed.

2012-01-01

Bill Thompson, Director of Facilities for Lockport Township High School in Illinois, first considered starting a green cleaning program after his janitors became dizzy when using a traditional chemical floor stripper. Thompson started introducing green products gradually at Lockport Township High, and now almost all of the cleaning agents used at…

Globalization and sustainable development an E7 point of view

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Strassburg, W.

1998-07-01

The energy sector is a crucial feedstock to economic development. One example of this industry sector's contribution towards sustainable development is the so-called E7 initiative on sustainable energy development of some of the biggest electric utilities. E7 members from Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the US are demonstrating the functioning of the requested globally synchronized approach between developed and developing countries. E7 members focus their activities on (1) the efficient use of primary energy resources, (2) maximizing the use of renewable energy resources, (3) maximizing efficiency in the generation, delivery, and use of electricity, (4) minimizing environmental impacts ofmore » energy production and use and, (5) implementing innovative options to promote win-win benefits for the environment and the economy through their network of expertise on a pro bono basis. A main emphasis lies in the consistent Joint Implementation given the fact that innovative and efficient Green House Gas reduction measures will be the core of future E7 activities. Especially commercial projects will provide valuable contributions to Green House Gas reductions as well as to economic development of the recipient country. Other instruments, such Emission Trading and Clean Development Mechanism will have to be investigated appropriately in terms of their practicability for Green House Gas reductions so that their will be a notification by the international climate protection regime. Therefore Emission Trading and Clean Development Mechanism are of importance for E7 members' future operations, too. With respect to Sustainable Development industry, energy and environmental policy in leading industry countries must be more closely aligned to a global approach than has so far been the case. The electricity sector is called on to make a major contribution.« less

Clean Air Markets

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Clean Air Markets implements regulatory programs such as the Acid Rain Program and the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule to reduce air pollution from the power sector that contributes to human health and environmental issues.

About the Clean Boating Act (CBA)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Provides a description of the Clean Boating Act using frequently asked questions (FAQs) about the background, scope and implementation of the amendment. The page also discusses compliance questions and best management practices.

Learn About Clean Diesel

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The clean diesel program is designed to aggressively reduce the pollution emitted from diesel engines across the country through the implementation of varied control strategies and the aggressive involvement of national, state, and local partners.

Educational Concerns of Implementing Biosand Water Filters in Rural Uganda

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spowart, Matthew

2012-01-01

The world is facing a shortage of clean drinking water. Current predictions, due to growing population, urbanization, and climate change estimate access to clean water to be further challenged in the coming years. Research has indicated that point of use (POU) technologies are likely to be the most efficient at delivering clean water (water…

Climate and health impacts of clean cookstove implementation programs in Africa

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lacey, F.; Marais, E. A.; Wiedinmyer, C.; Coffey, E.; Muvandimwe, D.; Hannigan, M.; Henze, D. K.

2016-12-01

In Africa, 77% of the population (646 million people in 2010) use solid fuels as the main cooking source. These cooking methods are often inefficient and result in significant burdens to both climate and human health, particularly for women and children. In order to fully understand the impacts of clean cookstove implementation programs, a better understanding of the background concentrations of aerosols, aerosol precursors, and ozone precursors are needed, along with improved information on the changes in emissions from transitions to newer technologies. Through the use of the GEOS-Chem adjoint model, we have calculated species-specific climate and health sensitivities using a range of African emissions estimates including EDGAR-HTAP and a more recent improved emissions inventory, DICE-Africa. These sensitivities account for the spatial heterogeneity of emissions with respect to their impacts and allow for efficient estimation of the impacts of various clean cookstove implementation emissions scenarios that are based on laboratory and field measurements of emissions factors, along with realistic adoption and usage rates from field surveys. The resulting estimates of premature deaths and global surface temperature change are then aggregated to the national scale in order to provide policy makers with improved information regarding the implementation of clean cookstoves throughout continental Africa.

40 CFR 52.246 - Control of dry cleaning solvent vapor losses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS California § 52.246 Control of dry... cleaning establishment that uses solvents containing 4 percent or more by volume of any reactive organic...

Megasonic cleaning strategy for sub-10nm photomasks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hsu, Jyh-Wei; Samayoa, Martin; Dress, Peter; Dietze, Uwe; Ma, Ai-Jay; Lin, Chia-Shih; Lai, Rick; Chang, Peter; Tuo, Laurent

2016-10-01

One of the main challenges in photomask cleaning is balancing particle removal efficiency (PRE) with pattern damage control. To overcome this challenge, a high frequency megasonic cleaning strategy is implemented. Apart from megasonic frequency and power, photomask surface conditioning also influences cleaning performance. With improved wettability, cleanliness is enhanced while pattern damage risk is simultaneously reduced. Therefore, a particle removal process based on higher megasonic frequencies, combined with proper surface pre-treatment, provides improved cleanliness without the unintended side effects of pattern damage, thus supporting the extension of megasonic cleaning technology into 10nm half pitch (hp) device node and beyond.

CLEANING UP MIXED WASTE STREAMS--THE TANK TRUCK WASHING EXAMPLE

EPA Science Inventory

This Executive Report describes the joint venture of EPA's Office of Energy, Minerals and Industry and the Matlack Corporation into the construction and demonstration of a full-scale tank truck wastewater treatment plant. The report covers the technical and economic viability of ...

75 FR 81454 - Privacy Act of 1974; Implementation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-28

... JOINT BOARD FOR ENROLLMENT OF ACTUARIES 20 CFR Part 903 Privacy Act of 1974; Implementation AGENCY... requirements of the Privacy Act of 1974, as amended, the Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries (Joint... Privacy Act, from certain of the Privacy Act's provisions, to revise language that incorrectly implies...

New Jersey: Clean Air Communities (A Former EPA CARE Project)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Clean Air Communities (CAC) is the recipient of a Level II CARE cooperative agreement to implement recommendations by the state’s Environmental Justice Task Force and the Air Toxics Pilot Project to reduce environmental risks.

EPA Making Strides in Cleaning Up the Nation’s Most Contaminated Sites

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Due to the hard work of staff to implement Administrator Pruitt's initiatives to make strides in cleaning up the nation's most contaminated toxic land sites, the USEPA is announcing significant improvement in 2017...

77 FR 30900 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; New Mexico; Albuquerque/Bernalillo County...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-24

... in implementing the New Mexico Air Quality Control Act, the joint Air Quality Control Board (AQCB... Department in implementing the New Mexico Air Quality Control Act, the joint Air Quality Control Board (AQCB... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; New Mexico; Albuquerque/Bernalillo County; Fees for Permits and...

Joint remote control of an arbitrary single-qubit state by using a multiparticle entangled state as the quantum channel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lv, Shu-Xin; Zhao, Zheng-Wei; Zhou, Ping

2018-01-01

We present a scheme for joint remote implementation of an arbitrary single-qubit operation following some ideas in one-way quantum computation. All the senders share the information of implemented quantum operation and perform corresponding single-qubit measurements according to their information of implemented operation. An arbitrary single-qubit operation can be implemented upon the remote receiver's quantum system if the receiver cooperates with all the senders. Moreover, we study the protocol of multiparty joint remote implementation of an arbitrary single-qubit operation with many senders by using a multiparticle entangled state as the quantum channel.

Implementation of a solvent management program to control paint shop volatile organic compounds

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Floer, M.M.; Hicks, B.H.

1997-12-31

The majority of automobile assembly plant volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions are generated from painting operations. Typical paint operations generate more than 90 percent of the total plant emissions and, up to, 50 percent can be released by cleaning sources. Plant practices which contribute to the release of VOC emissions include the cleaning of paint lines and equipment, tanks, spray booths, floors and vehicles. Solvents continue to be the largest contributing source of VOC emissions in an automotive paint shop. To reduce overall VOC emissions, environmental regulations and guidelines were introduced under the Clean Air Act; Pollution Prevention and Wastemore » Minimization programs, Control Techniques, and special air permit conditions. The introduction of these regulations and guidelines has driven industry toward continual refinement of their present cleaning methods while pursuing new techniques and technologies. Industry has also shown a proactive approach by introducing new waterborne and powder coating paint technologies to reduce overall emissions. As new paint technologies are developed and introduced, special attention must be given to the types of materials utilized for cleaning. The development and implementation of a solvent management program allows a facility to standardize a program to properly implement materials, equipment, technologies and work practices to reduce volatile organic compound emissions, meet strict cleaning requirements posed by new paint technologies and produce a vehicle which meets the high quality standards of the customer. This paper will assess the effectiveness of a solvent management program by examining pollution prevention initiatives and data from four different painting operations.« less

40 CFR 49.10042 - Approval status.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for the Cow... Tribal rules or measures in the implementation plan for the Reservation of the Cow Creek Band of Umpqua...

Grants for State and Interstate Agencies under Section 106 of the Clean Water Act

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Each state and territory has established programs to protect and restore fresh waters, coastal waters and wetlands as outlined in the Clean Water Act. Section 106 grants support the implementation of those programs.

Sandia and General Motors: Advancing Clean Combustion Engines with

Science.gov Websites

Quantitative Risk Assessment Technical Reference for Hydrogen Compatibility of Materials Hydrogen Battery Abuse Testing Laboratory Center for Infrastructure Research and Innovation Combustion Research Facility Joint BioEnergy Institute Close Energy Research Programs ARPA-E Basic Energy Sciences Materials

Confronting Climate Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roach, Ronald

2009-01-01

The Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies, an African-American think tank based in Washington, D.C., convenes a commission to focus on the disparate impact of climate change on minority communities and help involve historically Black institutions in clean energy projects. Launched formally in July 2008, the Commission to Engage…

2008 Memorandum on Revised Coordination between EPA Regional Offices and Headquarters on Clean Water Act Section 404(q) Actions

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The purpose of this memorandum is to revise and streamline EPA's internal coordination procedures established in 2006 for the review of proposed Section 404(q) actions under the joint EPA/Army Memorandum of Agreement (MOA).

US-China Clean Energy Research Center on Building Energy Efficiency: Materials that Improve the Cost-Effectiveness of Air Barrier Systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hun, Diana E.

The US–China Clean Energy Research Center (CERC) was launched in 2009 by US Energy Secretary Steven Chu, Chinese Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang, and Chinese National Energy Agency Administrator Zhang Guobao. This 5-year collaboration emerged from the fact that the United States and China are the world’s largest energy producers, energy consumers, and greenhouse gas emitters, and that their joint effort could have significant positive repercussions worldwide. CERC’s main goal is to develop and deploy clean energy technologies that will help both countries meet energy and climate challenges. Three consortia were established to address the most pressing energy-relatedmore » research areas: Advanced Coal Technology, Clean Vehicles, and Building Energy Efficiency (BEE). The project discussed in this report was part of the CERC-BEE consortia; its objective was to lower energy use in buildings by developing and evaluating technologies that improve the cost-effectiveness of air barrier systems for building envelopes.« less

Cooperative research and development agreements at METC

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ludlow, J.C.; Jarr, L.A.; Anderson, R.J.

1995-06-01

The Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-502) provided a new mechanism for joint research between private parties and the Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC). Joint projects under this law are called Cooperative Research And Development Agreements (CRADAs) and are simply agreements between METC and the private sector to work together on a mutually beneficial project. Of primary interest to METC is the development and deployment of: (1) clean, efficient power generation technologies, (2) technologies for the characterization and exploitation of the Nation`s natural gas resource, and (3) environmental remediation technologies.

25 CFR 217.7 - Implementation of decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... expendient to implement the decisions of the joint managers, insofar as such issuance is authorized by law, and he shall execute and/or approve such documents for and on behalf of the joint managers, or either... to execute an instrument on behalf of one or both of the joint managers and to approve the same...

Evaluation of HCFC AK 225 Alternatives for Precision Cleaning and Verification

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Melton, D. M.

1998-01-01

Maintaining qualified cleaning and verification processes are essential in an production environment. Environmental regulations have and are continuing to impact cleaning and verification processing in component and large structures, both at the Michoud Assembly Facility and component suppliers. The goal of the effort was to assure that the cleaning and verification proceeds unimpeded and that qualified, environmentally compliant material and process replacements are implemented and perform to specifications. The approach consisted of (1) selection of a Supersonic Gas-Liquid Cleaning System; (2) selection and evaluation of three cleaning and verification solvents as candidate alternatives to HCFC 225 (Vertrel 423 (HCFC), Vertrel MCA (HFC/1,2-Dichloroethylene), and HFE 7100DE (HFE/1,2 Dichloroethylene)); and evaluation of an analytical instrumental post cleaning verification technique. This document is presented in viewgraph format.

Clean Energy-Related Economic Development Policy across the States: Establishing a 2016 Baseline

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cook, Jeffrey J.

States implement clean energy-related economic development policy to spur innovation, manufacturing, and to address other priorities. This report focuses on those policies most directly related to expanding new and existing manufacturing. The extent to which states invest in this policymaking depends on political drivers and jurisdictional economic development priorities. To date, no one source has collected all of the clean energy-related economic development policies available across the 50 states. Thus, it is unclear how many policies exist within each state and how these policies, when implemented, can drive economic development. Establishing the baseline of existing policy is a critical firstmore » step in determining the potential holistic impact of these policies on driving economic growth in a state. The goal of this report is to document the clean energy-related economic development policy landscape across the 50 states with a focus on policy that seeks to expand new or existing manufacturing within a state. States interested in promoting clean energy manufacturing in their jurisdictions may be interested in reviewing this landscape to determine how they compare to peers and to adjust their policies as necessary. This report documents over 900 existing clean energy-related economic development laws, financial incentives (technology-agnostic and clean energy focused), and other policies such as agency-directed programs and initiatives across the states.« less

Adoption and sustained use of cleaner cooking fuels in rural India: a case control study protocol to understand household, network, and organizational drivers.

PubMed

Kumar, Praveen; Dhand, Amar; Tabak, Rachel G; Brownson, Ross C; Yadama, Gautam N

2017-01-01

Implementing efficient stoves and clean fuels in low and middle-income countries are critical for improving health of poor women and children and improve the environment. Cleaner biomass stoves, however, perform poorly against the World Health Organization's indoor air quality guidelines. This has shifted the focus to systematic dissemination and implementation of cleaner cooking systems such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) among poor communities. Even when there is some uptake of LPG by poor communities, its sustained use has been low. Concurrent use of LPG with traditional biomass cookstoves compromises reductions in household air pollution and limits health and environmental dividends. Therefore understanding key drivers of adoption and sustained implementation of clean fuels among the poor is critical. There is a significant gap, however, in the research to understand determinants and sustained exclusive use of clean fuels in rural poor communities. Using a case control study design, this study will explore the impact of affordability, accessibility, and awareness on adoption and sustained use of LPG among rural poor communities of India. The study uses a multistage random sampling to collect primary data from 510 households. Case group or LPG adopters constitute 255 households while control group or non-LPG adopters constitute the remaining 255 households. The study will deploy sophisticated stove use monitoring sensors in each of the stoves in 100 case group households to monitor stove use and stacking behavior (using clean and traditional systems of cooking) of participants for 12 months. Moreover, this will be the first study to explore the impact of personal social networks striated by gender on LPG adoption. This study is guided by the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) implementation science evaluation framework. Lessons from this study will feed into a larger discussion on developing a pro-poor strategy to foster uptake and sustained use of cleaner cooking systems such as LPG. Understanding the determinants of adoption and sustained use of cleaner cooking systems through the RE-AIM framework will expand our insights on implementation of cleaner cooking systems among poor communities and will advance implementation science in the clean cooking sector. A thorough study of such implementation strategies is crucial to realize multiple UN Sustainable Development Goals on global health, climate change, and energy security.

76 FR 30604 - Approval of the Clean Air Act, Section 112(l), Authority for Hazardous Air Pollutants...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-26

... Maine Department of Environmental Protection's (``ME DEP'') request to implement and enforce the amended... Cleaning NESHAP''), as it applies to area sources. This approval would make the ME DEP's amended rule...

CleanFleet final report. Volume 2, project design and implementation

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-12-01

The South Coast Alternative Fuels Demonstration, called CleanFleet, was conducted in the Los Angeles area from April 1992 through September 1994. The project evaluated five alternative motor fuels in commercial fleet service over a two-year period. T...

Comparison of high‐intensity sound and mechanical vibration for cleaning porous titanium cylinders fabricated using selective laser melting

PubMed Central

Seiffert, Gary; Sutcliffe, Chris

2015-01-01

Abstract Orthopedic components, such as the acetabular cup in total hip joint replacement, can be fabricated using porous metals, such as titanium, and a number of processes, such as selective laser melting. The issue of how to effectively remove loose powder from the pores (residual powder) of such components has not been addressed in the literature. In this work, we investigated the feasibility of two processes, acoustic cleaning using high‐intensity sound inside acoustic horns and mechanical vibration, to remove residual titanium powder from selective laser melting‐fabricated cylinders. With acoustic cleaning, the amount of residual powder removed was not influenced by either the fundamental frequency of the horn used (75 vs. 230 Hz) or, for a given horn, the number of soundings (between 1 and 20). With mechanical vibration, the amount of residual powder removed was not influenced by the application time (10 vs. 20 s). Acoustic cleaning was found to be more reliable and effective in removal of residual powder than cleaning with mechanical vibration. It is concluded that acoustic cleaning using high‐intensity sound has significant potential for use in the final preparation stages of porous metal orthopedic components. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 117–123, 2017. PMID:26426906

US/China Energy and Environmental Technology Center (EETC) international business development and technology transfer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hsieh, S.T.; Atwood, T.; Qiu Daxiong

1997-12-31

Since January 1997, the US/China Energy and Environmental Technology Center (EETC) in Beijing has been jointly operated by Tulane University and Tsinghua University. EETC is established to encourage the adoption of technologies for energy production with improved environmental performance which are essential for supporting economic growth and managing the Global Warming and Climate Change issues. International cooperation is critical to insure the environmental and energy security on a global basis. For example, the US has acquired a great deal of useful experience in clean coal technology which has been demonstrated with major utilities in commercial operations. The adaption of, andmore » the installation of, clean coal technology should be given high priority. Worldwide, the continuous exchange of information and technology between developed and developing nations relating to the current and future clean coal technologies is of great importance. Developed nations which possess environmental responsive technologies and financial resources should work closely with developing nations to facilitate technology transfer and trade of technologies. International cooperation will lower the cost of deploying clean coal technologies directed toward the clean production of energy. This paper presents the updated activities of EETC on facilitating technology transfer and promoting the clean use of coal to satisfy growing energy demand in China.« less

Practical Approaches for Assessment of Daily and Post-discharge Room Disinfection in Healthcare Facilities.

PubMed

Deshpande, Abhishek; Donskey, Curtis J

2017-09-01

Cleaning and disinfection in healthcare facilities is essential to ensure patient safety. This review examines practical strategies used to assess and improve the effectiveness of daily and post-discharge manual cleaning in healthcare facilities. Effective implementation of cleaning interventions requires objective monitoring of staff performance with regular feedback on performance. Use of fluorescent markers to assess thoroughness of cleaning and measurement of residual ATP can provide rapid and objective feedback to personnel and have been associated with improved cleaning. Direct observation of cleaning and interviews with front-line staff are useful to identify variations and deficiencies in practice that may not be detected by other methods. Although not recommended for routine monitoring, cultures can be helpful for outbreak investigations. Monitoring and feedback can be effective in improving cleaning and disinfection in healthcare facilities. Ongoing commitment within institutions is needed to sustain successful cleaning and disinfection programs.

78 FR 68377 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Ohio NOX

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-14

...On November 15, 2010, Ohio EPA submitted to EPA revisions to Ohio OAC 3745-14. EPA is proposing to approve these revisions under the Clean Air Act, which allows for Ohio's Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) NOX Ozone Season Trading Program rules to supersede Ohio's nitrogen oxides (NOX) State Implementation Plan (SIP) Call Budget Trading Program rules, but leave other requirements of the NOX SIP Call in place for units not covered by CAIR.

Observations on Salmonella contamination of commercial duck farms before and after cleaning and disinfection.

PubMed

Martelli, Francesca; Gosling, Rebecca J; Callaby, Rebecca; Davies, Rob

2017-04-01

In the European Union, statutory control of Salmonella is in place in the chicken and turkey sectors, but not in the duck sector. In this study, 14 Salmonella-positive duck farms were sampled before and after cleaning and disinfection, and once the houses had been restocked with a new flock. The cleaning and disinfection programmes used were subdivided into two main categories: ones in which a final formaldehyde disinfection step was included (1) and ones in which it was not included (2). Several types of samples were collected during the study, and faecal samples were those more frequently positive (62% of faecal samples were positive for Salmonella in comparison to 2-23% of samples from all the other sample categories) (P < 0.001). Independently of the cleaning and disinfection programme used, there was a statistically significant (P < 0.001) reduction in the percentage of Salmonella-positive samples between before cleaning and disinfection (41.1%) and after cleaning and disinfection (3.1%). After restocking, the number of Salmonella-positive samples increased significantly (P < 0.001), with 65.3% of the samples tested being positive for Salmonella. Farms in which disinfection programme 1 was used were 5.34 times less likely to have samples positive for Salmonella after cleaning and disinfection than farms which implemented programme 2. Formaldehyde acts effectively against Salmonella even in the presence of some residual organic matter. Limited residual contamination on farms after cleaning and disinfection represents a risk of infection for young ducklings, and thorough cleaning and disinfection procedures should be implemented to reduce the carry-over of infection between flocks.

An environmental disinfection odyssey: evaluation of sequential interventions to improve disinfection of Clostridium difficile isolation rooms.

PubMed

Sitzlar, Brett; Deshpande, Abhishek; Fertelli, Dennis; Kundrapu, Sirisha; Sethi, Ajay K; Donskey, Curtis J

2013-05-01

OBJECTIVE. Effective disinfection of hospital rooms after discharge of patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is necessary to prevent transmission. We evaluated the impact of sequential cleaning and disinfection interventions by culturing high-touch surfaces in CDI rooms after cleaning. DESIGN. Prospective intervention. SETTING. A Veterans Affairs hospital. INTERVENTIONS. During a 21-month period, 3 sequential tiered interventions were implemented: (1) fluorescent markers to provide monitoring and feedback on thoroughness of cleaning facility-wide, (2) addition of an automated ultraviolet radiation device for adjunctive disinfection of CDI rooms, and (3) enhanced standard disinfection of CDI rooms, including a dedicated daily disinfection team and implementation of a process requiring supervisory assessment and clearance of terminally cleaned CDI rooms. To determine the impact of the interventions, cultures were obtained from CDI rooms after cleaning and disinfection. RESULTS. The fluorescent marker intervention improved the thoroughness of cleaning of high-touch surfaces (from 47% to 81% marker removal; P < .0001). Relative to the baseline period, the prevalence of positive cultures from CDI rooms was reduced by 14% (P=.024), 48% (P <.001), and 89% (P=.006) with interventions 1, 2, and 3, respectively. During the baseline period, 67% of CDI rooms had positive cultures after disinfection, whereas during interventions periods 1, 2, and 3 the percentages of CDI rooms with positive cultures after disinfection were reduced to 57%, 35%, and 7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS. An intervention that included formation of a dedicated daily disinfection team and implementation of a standardized process for clearing CDI rooms achieved consistent CDI room disinfection. Culturing of CDI rooms provides a valuable tool to drive improvements in environmental disinfection.

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

National Clean Diesel Campaign (NCDC) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency established the NCDC to reduce pollution emitted from diesel engines through the implementation of varied control existing diesel fleets, regulations for clean diesel engines and fuels, and regional collaborations and

Implementing Biocriteria: Coral Reef Protection Using the Clean Water Act

EPA Science Inventory

Biological assessments (surveying the presence, number, size and condition of fish, coral and other biota) provide important information about the health and integrity of coral reef ecosystems. Biological criteria are one means under the Clean Water Act (CWA) that managers can us...

National Corn Growers Association Clean Water Act and TMDL Program: An Introduction and Basic Desk Reference for Corn Growers

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The primer from the National Corn Growers Association includes information on the Clean Water Act, TMDLs, a hypothetical TMDL case study and opportunities for the agricultural community's involvement in development and implementation of TMDLs.

Risk Management Programs under Clean Air Act Section 112(r): Guidance for Implementing Agencies

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Accidental release prevention programs under section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) are related to and build on activities under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, and Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards.

ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION REPORT - FIELD PORTABLE GAS CHROMATOGRAPH/MASS SPECTROMETER - VIKING INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION

EPA Science Inventory

The performance evaluation of innovative and alternative environmental technologies is an integral part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) mission. Early efforts focused on evaluation technologies that supported the implementation of the Clean Air and Clean Wate...

Design of a Vision-Based Sensor for Autonomous Pig House Cleaning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Braithwaite, Ian; Blanke, Mogens; Zhang, Guo-Qiang; Carstensen, Jens Michael

2005-12-01

Current pig house cleaning procedures are hazardous to the health of farm workers, and yet necessary if the spread of disease between batches of animals is to be satisfactorily controlled. Autonomous cleaning using robot technology offers salient benefits. This paper addresses the feasibility of designing a vision-based system to locate dirty areas and subsequently direct a cleaning robot to remove dirt. Novel results include the characterisation of the spectral properties of real surfaces and dirt in a pig house and the design of illumination to obtain discrimination of clean from dirty areas with a low probability of misclassification. A Bayesian discriminator is shown to be efficient in this context and implementation of a prototype tool demonstrates the feasibility of designing a low-cost vision-based sensor for autonomous cleaning.

Efficacy of a hospital-wide environmental cleaning protocol on hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus rates.

PubMed

Watson, Paul Andrew; Watson, Luke Robert; Torress-Cook, Alfonso

2016-07-01

Environmental contamination has been associated with over half of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreaks in hospitals. We explored if a hospital-wide environmental and patient cleaning protocol would lower hospital acquired MRSA rates and associated costs. This study evaluates the impact of implementing a hospital-wide environmental and patient cleaning protocol on the rate of MRSA infection and the potential cost benefit of the intervention. A retrospective, pre-post interventional study design was used. The intervention comprised a combination of enhanced environmental cleaning of high touch surfaces, daily washing of patients with benzalkonium chloride, and targeted isolation of patients with active infection. The rate of MRSA infection per 1000 patient days (PD) was compared with the rate after the intervention (Steiros Algorithm ® ) was implemented. A cost-benefit analysis based on the number of MRSA infections avoided was conducted. The MRSA rates decreased by 96% from 3.04 per 1000 PD to 0.11 per 1000 PD ( P <0.0001). This reduction in MRSA infections, avoided an estimated $1,655,143 in healthcare costs. Implementation of this hospital-wide protocol appears to be associated with a reduction in the rate of MRSA infection and therefore a reduction in associated healthcare costs.

Slow-sand water filter: Design, implementation, accessibility and sustainability in developing countries

PubMed Central

Clark, Peter A.; Pinedo, Catalina Arango; Fadus, Matthew; Capuzzi, Stephen

2012-01-01

Summary The need for clean water has risen exponentially over the globe. Millions of people are affected daily by a lack of clean water, especially women and children, as much of their day is dedicated to collecting water. The global water crisis not only has severe medical implications, but social, political, and economic consequences as well. The Institute of Catholic Bioethics at Saint Joseph’s University has recognized this, and has designed a slow-sand water filter that is accessible, cost-effective, and sustainable. Through the implementation of the Institute’s slow-sand water filter and the utilization of microfinancing services, developing countries will not only have access to clean, drinkable water, but will also have the opportunity to break out of a devastating cycle of poverty. PMID:22739748

The intention of North-Western Ethiopian dairy farmers to control mastitis

PubMed Central

Koop, Gerrit; Lam, Theo J. G. M.; Hogeveen, Henk

2017-01-01

Understanding the intentions of dairy farmers towards mastitis control is important to design effective udder health control programs. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore the intentions of North-Western Ethiopian dairy farmers towards implementing non-specified mastitis control measures (nsMCMs) and towards implementing 4 specific MCMs. Face to face interviews were held with 134 dairy farmers to study associations between their intentions and any of three factors (attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control) that, according to the TPB, determine intentions. The majority of the farmers (93%) had a positive intention to implement nsMCMs, whereas a smaller majority of farmers had the intention to implement the specific MCMs to improve udder cleaning (87%), to improve stall hygiene (78%), to improve feeding of cows (76%), and to perform foremilk stripping (74%). Farmers had a more positive attitude, but lower subjective norm and lower perceived behavioural control towards implementing nsMCMs compared with implementing most specific MCMs, although the subjective norms for stall hygiene and perceived behavioural control for improving feeding of cows were also low. Attitude was positively associated with intentions to implement nsMCMs, to improve cleaning of the udders, to improve stall hygiene and to implement foremilk stripping. Both the intention to improve udder cleaning and to implement foremilk stripping, were positively associated to subjective norms towards these MCMs. Our data can help tailor intervention programs aiming to increase the intention of Ethiopian dairy farmers to implement MCMs and thus to improve udder health in this country. We show that such programs should primarily focus on changing attitude and secondarily on improving the farmers’ subjective norms. PMID:28787018

The intention of North-Western Ethiopian dairy farmers to control mastitis.

PubMed

Mekonnen, Sefinew Alemu; Koop, Gerrit; Lam, Theo J G M; Hogeveen, Henk

2017-01-01

Understanding the intentions of dairy farmers towards mastitis control is important to design effective udder health control programs. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore the intentions of North-Western Ethiopian dairy farmers towards implementing non-specified mastitis control measures (nsMCMs) and towards implementing 4 specific MCMs. Face to face interviews were held with 134 dairy farmers to study associations between their intentions and any of three factors (attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control) that, according to the TPB, determine intentions. The majority of the farmers (93%) had a positive intention to implement nsMCMs, whereas a smaller majority of farmers had the intention to implement the specific MCMs to improve udder cleaning (87%), to improve stall hygiene (78%), to improve feeding of cows (76%), and to perform foremilk stripping (74%). Farmers had a more positive attitude, but lower subjective norm and lower perceived behavioural control towards implementing nsMCMs compared with implementing most specific MCMs, although the subjective norms for stall hygiene and perceived behavioural control for improving feeding of cows were also low. Attitude was positively associated with intentions to implement nsMCMs, to improve cleaning of the udders, to improve stall hygiene and to implement foremilk stripping. Both the intention to improve udder cleaning and to implement foremilk stripping, were positively associated to subjective norms towards these MCMs. Our data can help tailor intervention programs aiming to increase the intention of Ethiopian dairy farmers to implement MCMs and thus to improve udder health in this country. We show that such programs should primarily focus on changing attitude and secondarily on improving the farmers' subjective norms.

75 FR 29750 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-27

.... submits joint application for approval under section 203 of the Federal Power Act. Filed Date: 05/18/2010.... Eastern Time on Monday, June 7, 2010. Docket Numbers: ER09-1397-002. Applicants: Southwest Power Pool, Inc. Description: Southwest Power Pool, Inc submits clean copy of the Revised Agreements and redlined copies of the...

78 FR 77714 - Certain Laundry and Household Cleaning Products and Related Packaging Commission Determination...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-24

...Notice is hereby given that the U.S. International Trade Commission has determined not to review the presiding administrative law judge's (``ALJ'') initial determination (``ID'') (Order No. 10) granting a joint motion by complainant and respondents to terminate the investigation in its entirety based upon a settlement agreement.

Standard practice for washing and cleaning concrete bridge decks and substructure bridge seats including bridge bearings and expansion joints to prevent structural deterioration.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-12-01

This study is a supplement to a previous study of bridge washing practices that focused on steel : superstructures. This study examined the perceived costs and benefits of routine washing of both : steel and concrete bridges, with emphasis on substru...

JOBS. A Partnership between Education and Industry.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mann, Sandra; And Others

This packet contains 15 lessons developed in a workplace basic skills project for the metal casting industry established jointly by Central Alabama Community College and Robinson Foundry, Inc. The lessons cover the following topics: (1) green sand schedule; (2) the core room; (3) the core room (continued); (4) figuring time; (5) the cleaning room;…

INTEGRATE: Driving Transformational Change - JISEA 2018 Annual Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

This report demonstrates 2017 highlights of the Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis' (JISEA's) work. The Annual Report overviews JISEA's research and analysis accomplishments in natural gas and methane emissions; nuclear-renewable hybrid energy systems; the Clean Energy Manufacturing Analysis Center's work in global supply chains; the 21st Century Power Partnership; and more.

Environmentally compatible hand wipe cleaning solvents

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clayton, Catherine P.; Kovach, Michael P.

1995-01-01

Several solvents of environmental concern have previously been used for hand wipe cleaning of SRB surfaces, including 1,1,1-trichloroethane, perchloroethylene, toluene, xylene, and MEK. USBI determined the major types of surfaces involved, and qualification requirements of replacement cleaning agents. Nineteen environmentally compatible candidates were tested on 33 material substrates with 26 types of potential surface contaminants, involving over 7,000 individual evaluations. In addition to the cleaning performance evaluation, bonding, compatibility, and corrosion tests were conducted. Results showed that one cleaner was not optimum for all surfaces. In most instances, some of the candidates cleaned better than the 1,1,1-trichloroethane baseline control. Aqueous cleaners generally cleaned better, and were more compatible with nonmetallic materials, such as paints, plastics, and elastomers. Organic base cleaners were better on metal surfaces. Five cleaners have been qualified and are now being implemented in SRB hand wipe cleaning operations.

40 CFR 6.205 - Environmental assessments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... include: (1) The award of wastewater treatment construction grants under Title II of the Clean Water Act; (2) EPA's issuance of new source NPDES permits under section 402 of the Clean Water Act; (3) EPA... IMPLEMENTING THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT AND ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ABROAD OF EPA...

40 CFR 6.205 - Environmental assessments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... include: (1) The award of wastewater treatment construction grants under Title II of the Clean Water Act; (2) EPA's issuance of new source NPDES permits under section 402 of the Clean Water Act; (3) EPA... IMPLEMENTING THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT AND ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ABROAD OF EPA...

40 CFR 6.205 - Environmental assessments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... include: (1) The award of wastewater treatment construction grants under Title II of the Clean Water Act; (2) EPA's issuance of new source NPDES permits under section 402 of the Clean Water Act; (3) EPA... IMPLEMENTING THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT AND ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ABROAD OF EPA...

HMA Longitudinal Joint Evaluation and Construction

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-02-01

Longitudinal joint quality is essential to the successful performance of asphalt pavements. A number of states have begun to implement longitudinal joint specifications, and most are based on determinations of density. However, distress at the joint ...

CURE: Clean use of reactor energy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1990-05-01

This paper presents the results of a joint Westinghouse Hanford Company (Westinghouse Hanford)-Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) study that considered the feasibility of treating radioactive waste before disposal to reduce the inventory of long-lived radionuclides, making the waste more suitable for geologic disposal. The treatment considered here is one in which waste would be chemically separated so that long-lived radionuclides can be treated using specific processes appropriate for the nuclide. The technical feasibility of enhancing repository performance by this type of treatment is considered in this report. A joint Westinghouse Hanford-PNL study group developed a concept called the Clean Use ofmore » Reactor Energy (CURE), and evaluated the potential of current technology to reduce the long-lived radionuclide content in waste from the nuclear power industry. The CURE process consists of three components: chemical separation of elements that have significant quantities of long-lived radioisotopes in the waste, exposure in a neutron flux to transmute the radioisotopes to stable nuclides, and packaging of radionuclides that cannot be transmuted easily for storage or geologic disposal. 76 refs., 32 figs., 24 tabs.« less

The Research and Implementation of MUSER CLEAN Algorithm Based on OpenCL

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Y.; Chen, K.; Deng, H.; Wang, F.; Mei, Y.; Wei, S. L.; Dai, W.; Yang, Q. P.; Liu, Y. B.; Wu, J. P.

2017-03-01

It's urgent to carry out high-performance data processing with a single machine in the development of astronomical software. However, due to the different configuration of the machine, traditional programming techniques such as multi-threading, and CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture)+GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) have obvious limitations in portability and seamlessness between different operation systems. The OpenCL (Open Computing Language) used in the development of MUSER (MingantU SpEctral Radioheliograph) data processing system is introduced. And the Högbom CLEAN algorithm is re-implemented into parallel CLEAN algorithm by the Python language and PyOpenCL extended package. The experimental results show that the CLEAN algorithm based on OpenCL has approximately equally operating efficiency compared with the former CLEAN algorithm based on CUDA. More important, the data processing in merely CPU (Central Processing Unit) environment of this system can also achieve high performance, which has solved the problem of environmental dependence of CUDA+GPU. Overall, the research improves the adaptability of the system with emphasis on performance of MUSER image clean computing. In the meanwhile, the realization of OpenCL in MUSER proves its availability in scientific data processing. In view of the high-performance computing features of OpenCL in heterogeneous environment, it will probably become the preferred technology in the future high-performance astronomical software development.

Evaluation Of Sludge Heel Dissolution Efficiency With Oxalic Acid Cleaning At Savannah River Site

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sudduth, Christie; Vitali, Jason; Keefer, Mark

The chemical cleaning process baseline strategy at the Savannah River Site was revised to improve efficiency during future execution of the process based on lessons learned during previous bulk oxalic acid cleaning activities and to account for operational constraints imposed by safety basis requirements. These improvements were also intended to transcend the difficulties that arise from waste removal in higher rheological yield stress sludge tanks. Tank 12 implemented this improved strategy and the bulk oxalic acid cleaning efforts concluded in July 2013. The Tank 12 radiological removal results were similar to previous bulk oxalic acid cleaning campaigns despite the factmore » that Tank 12 contained higher rheological yield stress sludge that would make removal more difficult than the sludge treated in previous cleaning campaigns. No appreciable oxalate precipitation occurred during the cleaning process in Tank 12 compared to previous campaigns, which aided in the net volume reduction of 75-80%. Overall, the controls established for Tank 12 provide a template for an improved cleaning process.« less

Comparison of high-intensity sound and mechanical vibration for cleaning porous titanium cylinders fabricated using selective laser melting.

PubMed

Seiffert, Gary; Hopkins, Carl; Sutcliffe, Chris

2017-01-01

Orthopedic components, such as the acetabular cup in total hip joint replacement, can be fabricated using porous metals, such as titanium, and a number of processes, such as selective laser melting. The issue of how to effectively remove loose powder from the pores (residual powder) of such components has not been addressed in the literature. In this work, we investigated the feasibility of two processes, acoustic cleaning using high-intensity sound inside acoustic horns and mechanical vibration, to remove residual titanium powder from selective laser melting-fabricated cylinders. With acoustic cleaning, the amount of residual powder removed was not influenced by either the fundamental frequency of the horn used (75 vs. 230 Hz) or, for a given horn, the number of soundings (between 1 and 20). With mechanical vibration, the amount of residual powder removed was not influenced by the application time (10 vs. 20 s). Acoustic cleaning was found to be more reliable and effective in removal of residual powder than cleaning with mechanical vibration. It is concluded that acoustic cleaning using high-intensity sound has significant potential for use in the final preparation stages of porous metal orthopedic components. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 117-123, 2017. © 2015 The Authors Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Program: Program Update 1998

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy

1999-03-01

Annual report on the Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Program (CCT Program). The report address the role of the CCT Program, implementation, funding and costs, accomplishments, project descriptions, legislative history, program history, environmental aspects, and project contacts. The project descriptions describe the technology and provides a brief summary of the demonstration results.

Insights into the origin and characteristics of the sedimentation process at multi-barrel culverts in Iowa : technical transfer summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-06-01

The present study is an integral part of a : broader study focused on the design and : implementation of self-cleaning culverts, i.e., : configurations that prevent the formation of : sediment deposits after culvert construction or : cleaning. Sedime...

WINCHESTER LAKE, LEWIS COUNTY, IDAHO - CLEAN LAKES PHASE II IMPLEMENTATION AND RESTORATION PROJECT, 1996

EPA Science Inventory

Winchester Lake, Idaho (17060306) is an 85 acre recreation site located approximately 30 miles southeast of Lewiston. The lake has been involved in the U.S. EPA Clean Lakes Program since 1988. The Phase I Diagnostic and Feasibility Study, completed in February 1990, identified t...

TR-596 insights into the origin and characteristics of the sedimentation process at multi-barrel culverts in Iowa.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-06-01

The present study is an integral part of a broader study focused on the design and implementation of self-cleaning culverts, i.e., : configurations that prevent the formation of sediment deposits after culvert construction or cleaning. Sediment depos...

Report: Congressionally Requested Report on Comments Related to Effects of Jurisdictional Uncertainty on Clean Water Act Implementation

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Report #09-N-0149, April 30, 2009. This is in response to a request dated April 24, 2009, asking that the EPA OIG provide information we have collected on the impact of the Rapanos case on Clean Water Act (CWA) enforcement.

Strengthening Clean Energy Technology Cooperation under the UNFCCC: Steps toward Implementation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Benioff, R.; de Coninck, H.; Dhar, S.

2010-08-01

Development of a comprehensive and effective global clean technology cooperation framework will require years of experimenting and evaluation with new instruments and institutional arrangements before it is clear what works on which scale and in which region or country. In presenting concrete examples, this paper aims to set the first step in that process by highlighting successful models and innovative approaches that can inform efforts to ramp up clean energy technology cooperation. This paper reviews current mechanisms and international frameworks for global cooperation on clean energy technologies, both within and outside of the UNFCCC, and provides selected concrete options formore » scaling up global cooperation on clean energy technology RD&D, enabling environment, and financing.« less

40 CFR 35.928-3 - Implementation of the industrial cost recovery system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Implementation of the industrial cost...-Clean Water Act § 35.928-3 Implementation of the industrial cost recovery system. (a) When a grantee's industrial cost recovery system is approved, implementation of the approved system shall become a condition...

Adaptive independent joint control of manipulators - Theory and experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seraji, H.

1988-01-01

The author presents a simple decentralized adaptive control scheme for multijoint robot manipulators based on the independent joint control concept. The proposed control scheme for each joint consists of a PID (proportional integral and differential) feedback controller and a position-velocity-acceleration feedforward controller, both with adjustable gains. The static and dynamic couplings that exist between the joint motions are compensated by the adaptive independent joint controllers while ensuring trajectory tracking. The proposed scheme is implemented on a MicroVAX II computer for motion control of the first three joints of a PUMA 560 arm. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate that trajectory tracking is achieved despite strongly coupled, highly nonlinear joint dynamics. The results confirm that the proposed decentralized adaptive control of manipulators is feasible, in spite of strong interactions between joint motions. The control scheme presented is computationally very fast and is amenable to parallel processing implementation within a distributed computing architecture, where each joint is controlled independently by a simple algorithm on a dedicated microprocessor.

40 CFR 35.917-6 - Acceptance by implementing governmental units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL ASSISTANCE Grants for Construction of Treatment Works-Clean Water Act § 35.917-6 Acceptance by implementing governmental units. A facilities plan submitted for...

40 CFR 35.917-6 - Acceptance by implementing governmental units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL ASSISTANCE Grants for Construction of Treatment Works-Clean Water Act § 35.917-6 Acceptance by implementing governmental units. A facilities plan submitted for...

40 CFR 35.917-6 - Acceptance by implementing governmental units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL ASSISTANCE Grants for Construction of Treatment Works-Clean Water Act § 35.917-6 Acceptance by implementing governmental units. A facilities plan submitted for...

40 CFR 35.917-6 - Acceptance by implementing governmental units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL ASSISTANCE Grants for Construction of Treatment Works-Clean Water Act § 35.917-6 Acceptance by implementing governmental units. A facilities plan submitted for...

EPA Announces Improvements to Keep Massachusetts Waters Clean

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Today, US EPA announced a major step forward for Massachusetts’ water quality with improved stormwater management requirements as well as an array of training and implementation tools to assist municipalities with implementation.

December Assumable Waters Subcommittee Presentations

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Presentations covering adjacent wetlands as defined in the Clean Water Act (CWA) and its implementing regulations, state and tribal efforts to implement section 404(g) and the legislative history of CWA section 404 (g) (1).

40 CFR 49.9868 - Permits to construct.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for the Burns Paiute Tribe of the Burns Paiute Indian Colony of Oregon § 49.9868 Permits to construct. Permits to...

75 FR 13537 - Clean Water Act Section 303(d): Notice of Call for Public Comment on 303(d) Program and Ocean...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-22

...), Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology (JSOST), National Research Council report on Marine p... ideas for effective strategies for Federal, State, and local officials to use to address the potential... particularly suited to gathering information about acidification of ocean waters? ii. Are there new programs...

Flight set 360L007 (STS-33R) field joint protection system, thermal protection system, and systems tunnel components, volume 7

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1990-01-01

The performance of the thermal protection system, field joint protection system, and systems tunnel components of flight set 360L007 is presented as evaluated by postflight hardware inspection. The condition of both motors was similar to previous flights. Four aft edge strikes were noted on the ground environment instrumentation thermal protection system. The hits all left a clean substrate, indicating that the damage was caused by nozzle severance debris and/or water impact. No National Space Transportation System debris criteria for missing thermal protection system were violated. Two problem reports were written against the field joint protection system. The first concerned two cracks in the K5NA closeout over the trunnion/vent valve location on the left-hand aft field joint. A similar condition was observed on Flight 5 (360H005). The second problem report referred to a number of small surface cracks between two impact marks on the left-hand forward field joint. Neither area exhibited loose material or any abnormal heat effects, and they have no impact on flight safety.

Ozone Control Strategies | Ground-level Ozone | New ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

2017-09-05

The Air Quality Planning Unit's primary goal is to protect your right to breathe clean air. Guided by the Clean Air Act, we work collaboratively with states, communities, and businesses to develop and implement strategies to reduce air pollution from a variety of sources that contribute to the ground-level ozone or smog problem.

77 FR 40550 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Revision for the Control...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-10

... filtered spray booth and enclosed spray gun cleaner. Maryland's 1997 SIP-approved regulation COMAR 26.11.19... equipment and materials storage such as spray booths, spray guns, and sealed containers for cleaning rags... standards include procedures for cleaning the spray gun equipment for applying automotive coatings. Affected...

77 FR 40084 - Notice of Lodging of Modification of Consent Decree Under the Clean Water Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-06

... DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Notice of Lodging of Modification of Consent Decree Under the Clean Water Act Notice is hereby given that on June 29, 2012, a proposed Modification of Consent Decree...'') to, among other things, implement injunctive relief measures at 126 water treatment plants (WTPs...

Final Environmental Assessment: For Construction of a Security Forces Complex on Eglin Air Force Base, FL

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-05-01

form of weapons cleaning products and wastes. State of Florida and Air Force regulations have been implemented 05/31/05 Final Environmental Assessment...Forces Complex will generate hazardous materials in the form of weapons cleaning products and wastes. Break-Free CLP Liquid is a cleaner, lubricant

MEASUREMENT OF RURAL SULFUR DIOXIDE AND PARTICLE SULFATE: ANALYSIS OF CASTNET DATA, 1987 - 1996

EPA Science Inventory

The Clean Sir Status and Trends Network (CASTNet) was implemented by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1991 in response to Title IX of the Clean Air Amendments of 1990, which mandated the deployment of a national ambient air monitoring network to track progress of...

77 FR 39938 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Regional Haze State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-06

... responses are provided below. Comment 1: The Commenter recommended that emission controls for a coal... Dakota. The Commenter stated that initially the coal cleaning facility was identified as BART-eligible... further evaluate controls at the coal cleaning facility and the three EGUs under the reasonable progress...

78 FR 76829 - Approval of Application Submitted by Eastern Shoshone Tribe and Northern Arapaho Tribe for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-19

... regulatory authority under the Clean Air Act. DATES: EPA's decision approving the Tribes' TAS application was... Decision Document, Attachment 1 (Legal Analysis of the Wind River Indian Reservation Boundary), Attachment... decision to approve the application does not approve, Tribal authority to implement any Clean Air Act...

77 FR 53772 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Washington; Determination of Clean...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-04

... Fine Particulate Standard for the Tacoma, Pierce County Nonattainment Area AGENCY: Environmental..., Pierce County nonattainment area (hereafter referred to as ``Tacoma, Pierce County'' or ``the area'') has... the Tacoma, Pierce County nonattainment area has clean data for the 2006 24-hour PM 2.5 NAAQS. This...

Ruminant methane reduction through livestock development in Tanzania. Final report for US Department of Energy and US Initiative on Joint Implementation--Activities Implemented Jointly

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Livingston, Roderick

1999-07-01

This project was designed to help develop the US Initiative on Joint Implementation activities in Eastern Africa. It has been communicated in meetings with representatives from the Ministry of Environment of Tanzania and the consultant group that developed Tanzania's National Climate Change Action Plan, the Centre for Energy, Environment, Science and Technology, that this project fits very well with the developmental and environmental goals of the Government of Tanzania. The goal of the Activities Implemented Jointly ruminant livestock project is to reduce ruminant methane emissions in Eastern Africa. The project plans a sustainable cattle multiplication unit (CMU) at Mabuki Ranchmore » in the Mwanza Region of Tanzania. This CMU will focus on raising genetically improved animals to be purchased by farmers, developmental organizations, and other CMUs in Tanzania. Through the purchase of these animals farmers will raise their income generation potential and reduce ruminant methane emissions.« less

Self-cleaning of Surfaces: the Role of Surface Wettability and Dust Types

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Quan, Yun-Yun; Zhang, Li-Zhi; Qi, Rong-Hui; Cai, Rong-Rong

2016-12-01

The self-cleaning property is usually connected to superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) where the dust particles can be easily removed by the rolling motion of droplets. It seems that superhydrophobicity (its durability is questionable nowadays) is a necessity. However here, it is disclosed that self-cleaning can also be realized on an ordinary surface by droplet impinging. The effects of surface wettability and the types of dust particles are considered. The self-cleaning is realized by two steps: (1) the pickup of particles by the water-air interface of an impinging droplet, (2) the release of the impinging droplets from the surface. It can be observed that only the trailing edges of the droplets can pick up particles when the droplets recoil from the inclined surfaces. The hydrophilic surface can also achieve self-cleaning under some conditions. This interesting finding may be helpful for the successful implementation of self-cleaning with common surfaces.

Managing Air Quality - Program Implementation

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Describes elements for the set of activities to ensure that control strategies are put into effect and that air quality goals and standards are fulfilled, permitting programs, and additional resources related to implementation under the Clean Air Act.

NAAQS IMPLEMENTATION

EPA Science Inventory

The Clean Air Act requires EPA to set National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for six criteria pollutants (lead, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrous oxides, ozone, and particulate matter). After setting NAAQS, there are several activities required to implement the st...

40 CFR 49.9869 - Permits to operate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for the Burns Paiute Tribe of the Burns Paiute Indian Colony of Oregon § 49.9869 Permits to operate. Permits to operate...

EPA Announces Improvements to Keep New Hampshire Waters Clean

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Today, US EPA announced a major step forward for New Hampshire’ water quality with improved stormwater management requirements as well as an array of training and implementation tools to assist municipalities with implementation.

Significant reduction in vancomycin-resistant enterococcus colonization and bacteraemia after introduction of a bleach-based cleaning-disinfection programme.

PubMed

Grabsch, E A; Mahony, A A; Cameron, D R M; Martin, R D; Heland, M; Davey, P; Petty, M; Xie, S; Grayson, M L

2012-12-01

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) colonization and infection have increased at our hospital, despite adherence to standard VRE control guidelines. We implemented a multi-modal, hospital-wide improvement programme including a bleach-based cleaning-disinfection programme ('Bleach-Clean'). VRE colonization, infection and environmental contamination were compared pre and post implementation. The programme included a new product (sodium hypochlorite 1000 ppm + detergent), standardized cleaning-disinfection practices, employment of cleaning supervisors, and modified protocols to rely on alcohol-based hand hygiene and sleeveless aprons instead of long-sleeved gowns and gloves. VRE was isolated using chromogenic agar and/or routine laboratory methods. Outcomes were assessed during the 6 months pre and 12 months post implementation, including proportions (per 100 patients screened) of VRE colonization in high-risk wards (HRWs: intensive care, liver transplant, renal, haematology/oncology); proportions of environmental contamination; and episodes of VRE bacteraemia throughout the entire hospital. Significant reductions in newly recognized VRE colonizations (208/1948 patients screened vs 324/4035, a 24.8% reduction, P = 0.001) and environmental contamination (66.4% reduction, P = 0.012) were observed, but the proportion of patients colonized on admission was stable. The total burden of inpatients with VRE in the HRWs also declined (median percentage of colonized inpatients per week, 19.4% vs 17.3%, P = 0.016). Hospital-wide VRE bacteraemia declined from 14/2935 patients investigated to 5/6194 (83.1% reduction; P < 0.001), but there was no change in vancomycin-susceptible enterococcal bacteraemia (P = 0.54). The Bleach-Clean programme was associated with marked reductions in new VRE colonizations in high-risk patients, and VRE bacteraemia across the entire hospital. These findings have important implications for VRE control in endemic healthcare settings. Copyright © 2012 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Implementing AORN recommended practices for environmental cleaning.

PubMed

Allen, George

2014-05-01

In recent years, researchers have developed an increasing awareness of the role of the environment in the development of health care-associated infections. AORN's "Recommended practices for environmental cleaning" is an evidence-based document that provides specific guidance for cleaning processes, for the selection of appropriate cleaning equipment and supplies, and for ongoing education and quality improvement. This updated recommended practices document has an expanded focus on the need for health care personnel to work collaboratively to accomplish adequately thorough cleanliness in a culture of safety and mutual support. Perioperative nurses, as the primary advocates for patients while they are being cared for in the perioperative setting, should help ensure that a safe, clean environment is reestablished after each surgical procedure. Copyright © 2014 AORN, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Finding of Failure to Submit State Implementation Plans for the 2008 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

On November 29, 2017 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found that three states failed to submit timely state implementation plan (SIP) revisions necessary to satisfy certain Clean Air Act (CAA) and EPA requirements for implementing the 2008 oz

75 FR 72963 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Control of Volatile...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-29

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions From Industrial Solvent Cleaning Operations; Withdrawal of Direct Final Rule AGENCY: Environmental Protection... withdrawing the direct final rule to approve revisions to Maryland's State Implementation Plan (SIP). This SIP...

77 FR 36442 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Michigan; PSD Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-19

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Michigan; PSD Regulations AGENCY: Environmental Protection... Significant Deterioration (PSD) construction permit program of State of Michigan's State Implementation Plan (SIP) to meet the Clean Air Act (CAA) requirements for PSD in Class I Areas attaining the National...

40 CFR 49.9862 - Approval status.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for the Burns Paiute Tribe of the Burns Paiute Indian Colony of Oregon § 49.9862 Approval status. There are currently no EPA-approved Tribal rules or measures in the implementation plan for the Reservation of the Burns...

40 CFR 49.9986 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for...

40 CFR 49.10016 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10826 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10316 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10106 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10136 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10856 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10166 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.11106 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10736 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10376 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10406 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... permits. (m) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (n) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (o) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.11076 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10766 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10646 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10256 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10226 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10346 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10286 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... rule for open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10436 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.9956 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (k) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (l) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (m) Section 49... ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for...

40 CFR 49.10556 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10466 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10926 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10886 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10986 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10706 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... rule for open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10586 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.10956 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.9926 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for...

40 CFR 49.10196 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.11016 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (l) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (m) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.11046 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.9896 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for...

40 CFR 49.10496 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... rule for open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

78 FR 50369 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Michigan

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-19

...] Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Michigan AGENCY: Environmental Protection... the State of Michigan's Clean Air Act State Implementation Plan (SIP) that Michigan had submitted on March 24, 2009. Michigan's submittal included revisions to Part 1, Definitions; Part 2, Air Use Approval...

78 FR 23524 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Particulate Matter...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-19

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Particulate Matter Ambient Air Quality Standards... revise the Indiana State Implementation Plan (SIP) for particulate matter under the Clean Air Act. This submission contains the 24-hour fine particle National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) promulgated by...

Using a Consensus Conference to Characterize Regulatory Concerns Regarding Bioremediation of Radionuclides and Heavy Metals in Mixed Waste at DOE Sites

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Denise Lach; Stephanie Sanford

2006-09-01

A consensus workshop was developed and convened with ten state regulators to characterize concerns regarding emerging bioremediation technology to be used to clean-up radionuclides and heavy metals in mixed wastes at US DOE sites. Two questions were explored: integrated questions: (1) What impact does participation in a consensus workshop have on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of state regulators regarding bioremediation technology? (2) How effective is a consensus workshop as a strategy for eliciting and articulating regulators’ concerns regarding the use of bioremediation to clean up radionuclides and heavy metals in mixed wastes at U.S. Department of Energy Sites aroundmore » the county? State regulators met together for five days over two months to learn about bioremediation technology and develop a consensus report of their recommendations regarding state regulatory concerns. In summary we found that panel members: - quickly grasped the science related to bioremediation and were able to effectively interact with scientists working on complicated issues related to the development and implementation of the technology; - are generally accepting of in situ bioremediation, but concerned about costs, implementation (e.g., institutional controls), and long-term effectiveness of the technology; - are concerned equally about technological and implementation issues; and - believed that the consensus workshop approach to learning about bioremediation was appropriate and useful. Finally, regulators wanted decision makers at US DOE to know they are willing to work with DOE regarding innovative approaches to clean-up at their sites, and consider a strong relationship between states and the DOE as critical to any effective clean-up. They do not want perceive themselves to be and do not want others to perceive them as barriers to successful clean-up at their sites.« less

Possibilities of creating a pure coal-fired power industry based on nanomaterials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zyryanov, V. V.

2015-08-01

A concept of distributed multigeneration during combustion of homogenized solid fuels with the addition of oxygen-enriched (to 30-50%) air is proposed. To implement this concept, application of medium-temperature δ-Bi2O3/Ag-nanocermet-based membranes is suggested under low pressures and sweeping of oxygen by the cleaned exit gas or the air. The primary product of the multigeneration is microsphere materials. The heat, the AC and the DC electric energy, the cleaned exit gases with a high CO2 content, and volatile elements adsorbed by the filters are the secondary products. To completely clean the exit gases, which is necessary to implement the distributed multigeneration, an array of successive passive plants is proposed. A thermoelectric module based on a BiTeSb-skutterudite nanocomposite is effective in generation of the DC electric energy at microthermoelectric power plants.

Guidance for Conducting Risk Management Program Inspections Under Clean Air Act Section 112(r)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This guidance is for implementing agencies that conduct inspections of facilities (i.e., stationary sources) subject to 40 CFR Part 68, which requires development and implementation of a Risk Management Plan.

75 FR 4105 - Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree Under the Clean Air Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-26

... implement substantial injunctive relief to reduce pollution by installing new control equipment and... estimated capital cost of all of the pollution control projects to be implemented, is at least $112 million...

77 FR 61027 - Notice of Lodging of Proposed Consent Decree Under the Clean Water Act and Safe Drinking Water Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-05

... Decree resolves alleged violations of the Clean Water Act and Safe Drinking Water Act at mobile home... provide drinking water at a number of its mobile home parks and illegally discharged sewage, failed to... environmental audits at each mobile home park, implementing corrective measures, conducting regular inspections...

76 FR 46842 - Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree Under the Clean Air Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-03

..., Section 301(a) of the Clean Water Act, 42 U.S.C. 1311(a), and Section 3005(a) of the Resource Conservation..., Michigan. Under the Consent Decree, Dow will implement an Enhanced Leak Detection and Repair (``LDAR'') Program which imposes leak monitoring and repair requirements more stringent than existing LDAR...

76 FR 24479 - EPA and Army Corps of Engineers Guidance Regarding Identification of Waters Protected by the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-02

... will identify waters protected by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (Clean Water Act or CWA or Act) and implement the Supreme Court's decisions on this topic (i.e., Solid Waste... Waters Protected by the Clean Water Act AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); and U.S. Army...

76 FR 39101 - EPA and Army Corps of Engineers Guidance Regarding Identification of Waters Protected by the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-05

... the agencies will identify waters protected by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (Clean Water Act or CWA or Act) and implement the Supreme Court's decisions on this topic (i.e... Waters Protected by the Clean Water Act AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); and U.S. Army...

Implementation of a gait cycle loading into healthy and meniscectomised knee joint models with fibril-reinforced articular cartilage.

PubMed

Mononen, Mika E; Jurvelin, Jukka S; Korhonen, Rami K

2015-01-01

Computational models can be used to evaluate the functional properties of knee joints and possible risk locations within joints. Current models with fibril-reinforced cartilage layers do not provide information about realistic human movement during walking. This study aimed to evaluate stresses and strains within a knee joint by implementing load data from a gait cycle in healthy and meniscectomised knee joint models with fibril-reinforced cartilages. A 3D finite element model of a knee joint with cartilages and menisci was created from magnetic resonance images. The gait cycle data from varying joint rotations, translations and axial forces were taken from experimental studies and implemented into the model. Cartilage layers were modelled as a fibril-reinforced poroviscoelastic material with the menisci considered as a transversely isotropic elastic material. In the normal knee joint model, relatively high maximum principal stresses were specifically predicted to occur in the medial condyle of the knee joint during the loading response. Bilateral meniscectomy increased stresses, strains and fluid pressures in cartilage on the lateral side, especially during the first 50% of the stance phase of the gait cycle. During the entire stance phase, the superficial collagen fibrils modulated stresses of cartilage, especially in the medial tibial cartilage. The present computational model with a gait cycle and fibril-reinforced biphasic cartilage revealed time- and location-dependent differences in stresses, strains and fluid pressures occurring in cartilage during walking. The lateral meniscus was observed to have a more significant role in distributing loads across the knee joint than the medial meniscus, suggesting that meniscectomy might initiate a post-traumatic process leading to osteoarthritis at the lateral compartment of the knee joint.

A joint resolution disapproving a rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to the mitigation by States of cross-border air pollution under the Clean Air Act.

THOMAS, 112th Congress

Sen. Paul, Rand [R-KY

2011-09-08

Senate - 11/10/2011 Motion to proceed to consideration of measure rejected in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 41 - 56. Record Vote Number: 201. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

Whisker Formation on SAC305 Soldered Assemblies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meschter, S.; Snugovsky, P.; Bagheri, Z.; Kosiba, E.; Romansky, M.; Kennedy, J.; Snugovsky, L.; Perovic, D.

2014-11-01

This article describes the results of a whisker formation study on SAC305 assemblies, evaluating the effects of lead-frame materials and cleanliness in different environments: low-stress simulated power cycling (50-85°C thermal cycling), thermal shock (-55°C to 85°C), and high temperature/high humidity (85°C/85% RH). Cleaned and contaminated small outline transistors, large leaded quad flat packs (QFP), plastic leaded chip carrier packages, and solder balls with and without rare earth elements (REE) were soldered to custom designed test boards with Sn3Ag0.5Cu (SAC305) solder. After assembly, all the boards were cleaned, and half of them were recontaminated (1.56 µg/cm2 Cl-). Whisker length, diameter, and density were measured. Detailed metallurgical analysis on components before assembly and on solder joints before and after testing was performed. It was found that whiskers grow from solder joint fillets, where the thickness is less than 25 µm, unless REE was present. The influence of lead-frame and solder ball material, microstructure, cleanliness, and environment on whisker characteristics is discussed. This article provides detailed metallurgical observations and select whisker length data obtained during this multiyear testing program.

Information Management Utilizing Valued Information at the Right Time (VIRT) as Applied to a Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC) Mission

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

technology in an effective way without taking a decade for implementation. 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 77 14. SUBJECT TERMS VIRT, Model Based... effective way without taking a decade for implementation. vi THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK vii TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION...To build the most effective force for 2020, we must be fully joint.”2 What does being fully joint mean and how does the DoD take advantage of

Air quality management in China: issues, challenges, and options.

PubMed

Wang, Shuxiao; Hao, Jiming

2012-01-01

This article analyzed the control progress and current status of air quality, identified the major air pollution issues and challenges in future, proposed the long-term air pollution control targets, and suggested the options for better air quality in China. With the continuing growth of economy in the next 10-15 years, China will face a more severe situation of energy consumption, electricity generation and vehicle population leading to increase in multiple pollutant emissions. Controlling regional air pollution especially fine particles and ozone, as well as lowering carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption will be a big challenge for the country. To protect public health and the eco-system, the ambient air quality in all Chinese cities shall attain the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) and ambient air quality guideline values set by the World Health Organization (WHO). To achieve the air quality targets, the emissions of SO2, NOx, PM10, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) should decrease by 60%, 40%, 50%, and 40%, respectively, on the basis of that in 2005. A comprehensive control policy focusing on multiple pollutants and emission sources at both the local and regional levels was proposed to mitigate the regional air pollution issue in China. The options include development of clean energy resources, promotion of clean and efficient coal use, enhancement of vehicle pollution control, implementation of synchronous control of multiple pollutants including SO2, NOx, VOC, and PM emissions, joint prevention and control of regional air pollution, and application of climate friendly air pollution control measures.

78 FR 9596 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; New Jersey and New York Ozone Attainment...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-11

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; New Jersey and New York Ozone Attainment Demonstrations AGENCY... approving the ozone attainment demonstration portion of comprehensive State Implementation Plan revisions submitted by New Jersey and New York to meet Clean Air Act requirements for attaining the 1997 8-hour ozone...

78 FR 16826 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Cleveland-Akron-Lorain and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-19

...-9790-1] Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Cleveland-Akron-Lorain and Columbus 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan Revisions to Approved Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets AGENCY... quality State Implementation Plans (SIPs) under the Clean Air Act to replace the previously approved motor...

78 FR 28551 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Canton-Massillon 1997 8-Hour...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-15

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Canton-Massillon 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan..., Ohio, 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality State Implementation Plan (SIP) under the Clean Air Act... Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) emissions model. Ohio submitted the SIP revision request to...

75 FR 54805 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Minnesota; Carbon Monoxide (CO...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-09

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Minnesota; Carbon Monoxide (CO) Limited Maintenance Plan for... June 16, 2010, to revise the Minnesota State Implementation Plan (SIP) for carbon monoxide (CO) under the Clean Air Act (CAA). The State has submitted a limited maintenance plan for CO showing continued...

76 FR 709 - Guidelines for Awarding Clean Water Act Section 319 Base Grants to Indian Tribes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-06

... in implementing approved NPS management programs developed pursuant to section 319(b). The primary goal of the NPS management program is to control NPS pollution through implementation of management... may be used for a range of activities that implement the tribe's approved NPS management program...

77 FR 55419 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Delaware; Section 110(a)(2...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-10

... the 2008 Lead National Ambient Air Quality Standards AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA...) of the Clean Air Act (CAA), necessary to implement, maintain, and enforce the 2008 lead national..., necessary to implement, maintain, and enforce the 2008 lead NAAQS. II. Summary of SIP Revision On October 17...

40 CFR 49.9861 - Identification of plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for the Burns Paiute Tribe of the Burns Paiute Indian Colony of Oregon § 49.9861 Identification of plan. This section and §§ 49.9862 through 49.9890 contain the implementation plan for the Burns Paiute Tribe of the Burns...

78 FR 37176 - Revisions to the California State Implementation Plan, San Diego Air Pollution Control District

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-20

... the California State Implementation Plan, San Diego Air Pollution Control District AGENCY... the San Diego Air Pollution Control District (SDAPCD) portion of the California State Implementation... coatings. We are proposing to approve a local rule to regulate these emission sources under the Clean Air...

75 FR 56942 - Revisions to the California State Implementation Plan, San Diego County Air Pollution Control...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-17

... the California State Implementation Plan, San Diego County Air Pollution Control District AGENCY... the San Diego Air Pollution Control District (SDCAPCD) portion of the California State Implementation... to approve a local rule to regulate these emission sources under the Clean Air Act as amended in 1990...

40 CFR 49.10526 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139Rule for non-Title V... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

40 CFR 49.9866 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139Rule for non-Title V... ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for...

40 CFR 49.10676 - Contents of implementation plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139Rule for non-Title V... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation...

78 FR 28173 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Sulfur Dioxide and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-14

...-9811-5] Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide Ambient Air Quality Standards AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION... implementation plan (SIP) for nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) under the Clean Air Act. This...

75 FR 65594 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Ohio Ambient Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-26

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Ohio Ambient Air Quality Standards AGENCY... the Ohio Administrative Code (OAC) relating to the consolidation of Ohio's Ambient Air Quality Standards (AAQS) into Ohio's State Implementation Plan (SIP) under the Clean Air Act. On April 8, 2009, and...

77 FR 12524 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Lead Ambient Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-01

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Lead Ambient Air Quality Standards AGENCY... Indiana State Implementation Plan (SIP) for lead (Pb) under the Clean Air Act (CAA). This submittal incorporates the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for Pb promulgated by EPA in 2008. DATES...

FE analysis of SMA-based bio-inspired bone-joint system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, S.; Seelecke, S.

2009-10-01

This paper presents the finite element (FE) analysis of a bio-inspired bone-joint system. Motivated by the BATMAV project, which aims at the development of a micro-air-vehicle platform that implements bat-like flapping flight capabilities, we study the actuation of a typical elbow joint, using shape memory alloy (SMA) in a dual manner. Micro-scale martensitic SMA wires are used as 'metal muscles' to actuate a system of humerus, elbow joint and radius, in concert with austenitic wires, which operate as flexible joints due to their superelastic character. For the FE analysis, the humerus and radius are modeled as standard elastic beams, while the elbow joint and muscle wires use the Achenbach-Muller-Seelecke SMA model as beams and cable elements, respectively. The particular focus of the paper is on the implementation of the above SMA model in COMSOL.

Numerical built-in method for the nonlinear JRC/JCS model in rock joint.

PubMed

Liu, Qunyi; Xing, Wanli; Li, Ying

2014-01-01

The joint surface is widely distributed in the rock, thus leading to the nonlinear characteristics of rock mass strength and limiting the effectiveness of the linear model in reflecting characteristics. The JRC/JCS model is the nonlinear failure criterion and generally believed to describe the characteristics of joints better than other models. In order to develop the numerical program for JRC/JCS model, this paper established the relationship between the parameters of the JRC/JCS and Mohr-Coulomb models. Thereafter, the numerical implement method and implementation process of the JRC/JCS model were discussed and the reliability of the numerical method was verified by the shear tests of jointed rock mass. Finally, the effect of the JRC/JCS model parameters on the shear strength of the joint was analyzed.

Design and control of a macro-micro robot for precise force applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wang, Yulun; Mangaser, Amante; Laby, Keith; Jordan, Steve; Wilson, Jeff

1993-01-01

Creating a robot which can delicately interact with its environment has been the goal of much research. Primarily two difficulties have made this goal hard to attain. The execution of control strategies which enable precise force manipulations are difficult to implement in real time because such algorithms have been too computationally complex for available controllers. Also, a robot mechanism which can quickly and precisely execute a force command is difficult to design. Actuation joints must be sufficiently stiff, frictionless, and lightweight so that desired torques can be accurately applied. This paper describes a robotic system which is capable of delicate manipulations. A modular high-performance multiprocessor control system was designed to provide sufficient compute power for executing advanced control methods. An 8 degree of freedom macro-micro mechanism was constructed to enable accurate tip forces. Control algorithms based on the impedance control method were derived, coded, and load balanced for maximum execution speed on the multiprocessor system. Delicate force tasks such as polishing, finishing, cleaning, and deburring, are the target applications of the robot.

Implementation of State Obligations and Responsibility Ensuring the Availability of Clean Water in Karimunjawa Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rahayu; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih

2018-02-01

This article aims to analyze the implementation of state obligations and responsibility ensuring the availability of clean water as part of human rights in Karimunjawa islands. The analysis based on principle of the State obligations and responsibility to fulfill their citizen right. Water sources in Karimunjawa Islands is very limited. It depend on forest conservation. Around 9.600 peoples live in Karimunjawa Islands, but Karimunjawa is non groundwater basin region. It means, Karimunjawa doesn't have groundwater potential. The quantity of water depends on the season. The solution to maintain the sustainability of clean water is piping from water reservoir to residential areas. The problem is there are so many hotels in Karimunjawa islands, it disrupted the fulfillment of clean water. Besides utilizing water from reservoir, many hotels drilled the ground to get water. It had impact to the availibity of water in dry season and affected to fulfillment of water supply for Karimunjawa people. There is no specific regulation and policy to solve this problem. Clean water management is doing by Karimunjawa's people. Meanwhile, based on Mahkamah Konstitusi Decree number 85/PUU-XI/2013, state is a rights holder to dominate the water in accordance with the Articles 33 paragraph (2) and (3) UUD NRI 1945, so the government has an obligation to make a policy, regulations, management, and supervision.

Downhole vacuum cleans up tough fishing, milling jobs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

LaLande, P.; Flanders, B.

1996-02-01

A unique tool developed to effect reverse circulation downhole is being used successfully in problem milling and fishing operations where conventional techniques fail to recover junk in the hole. Jointly developed by several major operators in conjunction with Baker Oil Tools, the patented Reverse Circulating Tool (RCT) acts as a downhole vacuum cleaner, catching and retaining debris circulated from the wellbore while allowing fishing, milling and washover operations to continue uninterrupted. As described in several case histories overviewed, the unique vacuuming action efficiently cleans up junk and debris in even the most difficult fishing and milling applications. Downhole operations proceedmore » normally, but without threat of damage from milled debris. Developers hold both mechanical and method patents on the RCT.« less

Manual cleaning of hospital mattresses: an observational study comparing high- and low-resource settings.

PubMed

Hopman, J; Hakizimana, B; Meintjes, W A J; Nillessen, M; de Both, E; Voss, A; Mehtar, S

2016-01-01

Hospital-associated infections (HAIs) are more frequently encountered in low- than in high-resource settings. There is a need to identify and implement feasible and sustainable approaches to strengthen HAI prevention in low-resource settings. To evaluate the biological contamination of routinely cleaned mattresses in both high- and low-resource settings. In this two-stage observational study, routine manual bed cleaning was evaluated at two university hospitals using adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Standardized training of cleaning personnel was achieved in both high- and low-resource settings. Qualitative analysis of the cleaning process was performed to identify predictors of cleaning outcome in low-resource settings. Mattresses in low-resource settings were highly contaminated prior to cleaning. Cleaning significantly reduced biological contamination of mattresses in low-resource settings (P < 0.0001). After training, the contamination observed after cleaning in both the high- and low-resource settings seemed comparable. Cleaning with appropriate type of cleaning materials reduced the contamination of mattresses adequately. Predictors for mattresses that remained contaminated in a low-resource setting included: type of product used, type of ward, training, and the level of contamination prior to cleaning. In low-resource settings mattresses were highly contaminated as noted by ATP levels. Routine manual cleaning by trained staff can be as effective in a low-resource setting as in a high-resource setting. We recommend a multi-modal cleaning strategy that consists of training of domestic services staff, availability of adequate time to clean beds between patients, and application of the correct type of cleaning products. Copyright © 2015 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Kinematic and kinetic improvements associated with action observation facilitated learning of the power clean in Australian footballers.

PubMed

Sakadjian, Alex; Panchuk, Derek; Pearce, Alan J

2014-06-01

This study investigated the effectiveness of action observation (AO) on facilitating learning of the power clean technique (kinematics) compared with traditional strength coaching methods and whether improvements in performance (kinetics) were associated with an improvement in lifting technique. Fifteen subjects (age, 20.9 ± 2.3 years) with no experience in performing the power clean exercise attended 12 training and testing sessions over a 4-week period. Subjects were assigned to 2 matched groups, based on preintervention power clean performance and performed 3 sets of 5 repetitions of the power clean exercise at each training session. Subjects in the traditional coaching group (TC; n = 7) received the standard coaching feedback (verbal cues and physical practice), whereas subjects in the AO group (n = 8) received similar verbal coaching cues and physical practice but also observed a video of a skilled model before performing each set. Kinematic data were collected from video recordings of subjects who were fitted with joint center markings during testing, whereas kinetic data were collected from a weightlifting analyzer attached to the barbell. Subjects were tested before intervention, at the end of weeks 2 and 3, and at after intervention at the end of week 4. Faster improvements (3%) were observed in power clean technique with AO-facilitated learning in the first week and performance improvements (mean peak power of the subject's 15 repetitions) over time were significant (p < 0.001). In addition, performance improvement was significantly associated (R = 0.215) with technique improvements. In conclusion, AO combined with verbal coaching and physical practice of the power clean exercise resulted in significantly faster technique improvements and improvement in performance compared with traditional coaching methods.

76 FR 34872 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of California; Regional Haze and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-15

... that they have either received TAS or completed the application process for TAS under the Clean Water.... Similarly, we also do not need to address the Tribes' comment regarding TAS under the Clean Water Act as...-polluting fuels or use advanced control technology to reduce emissions of NO X (CAA section 182(e)(3)). \\14...

75 FR 31290 - Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plan Revisions; State of North Dakota; Air...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-03

... Interstate Transport of Pollution for the 1997 PM 2.5 and 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS: ``Significant Contribution to... Transport of Air Pollution'' addressing the requirements of Clean Air Act section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) for the... to as the Interstate Transport of Air Pollution SIP, address the requirements of Clean Air Act...

Simultaneous Removal of SO2, NOx, and Hg from Coal Flue Gas Using a NaClO2-Enhanced Wet Scrubber

EPA Science Inventory

On March 10,2005, the EPA issued the Clean Air Interstate Rule which, when fully implemented in 2015, will reduce sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emissions in the eastern United States by over 70% and 60%, respectively, from 2003 levels. On March 15, 2005, the Clean Air Mercur...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wootten, J.M.

Using surveys of the electricity industry taken in major OECD coal producing/coal consuming regions of North America, Europe, Southern Africa, and Asia/Pacific, this paper reports on the attitudes of power plant operators and developers toward clean coal technologies, the barriers to their use and the policies and measures that might be implemented, if a country or region desired to encourage greater use of clean coal technologies.

Issues and approaches for ensuring effective communication on acceptable daily exposure (ADE) values applied to pharmaceutical cleaning.

PubMed

Olson, Michael J; Faria, Ellen C; Hayes, Eileen P; Jolly, Robert A; Barle, Ester Lovsin; Molnar, Lance R; Naumann, Bruce D; Pecquet, Alison M; Shipp, Bryan K; Sussman, Robert G; Weideman, Patricia A

2016-08-01

This manuscript centers on communication with key stakeholders of the concepts and program goals involved in the application of health-based pharmaceutical cleaning limits. Implementation of health-based cleaning limits, as distinct from other standards such as 1/1000th of the lowest clinical dose, is a concept recently introduced into regulatory domains. While there is a great deal of technical detail in the written framework underpinning the use of Acceptable Daily Exposures (ADEs) in cleaning (for example ISPE, 2010; Sargent et al., 2013), little is available to explain how to practically create a program which meets regulatory needs while also fulfilling good manufacturing practice (GMP) and other expectations. The lack of a harmonized approach for program implementation and communication across stakeholders can ultimately foster inappropriate application of these concepts. Thus, this period in time (2014-2017) could be considered transitional with respect to influencing best practice related to establishing health-based cleaning limits. Suggestions offered in this manuscript are intended to encourage full and accurate communication regarding both scientific and administrative elements of health-based ADE values used in pharmaceutical cleaning practice. This is a large and complex effort that requires: 1) clearly explaining key terms and definitions, 2) identification of stakeholders, 3) assessment of stakeholders' subject matter knowledge, 4) formulation of key messages fit to stakeholder needs, 5) identification of effective and timely means for communication, and 6) allocation of time, energy, and motivation for initiating and carrying through with communications. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Analysis of CERN computing infrastructure and monitoring data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nieke, C.; Lassnig, M.; Menichetti, L.; Motesnitsalis, E.; Duellmann, D.

2015-12-01

Optimizing a computing infrastructure on the scale of LHC requires a quantitative understanding of a complex network of many different resources and services. For this purpose the CERN IT department and the LHC experiments are collecting a large multitude of logs and performance probes, which are already successfully used for short-term analysis (e.g. operational dashboards) within each group. The IT analytics working group has been created with the goal to bring data sources from different services and on different abstraction levels together and to implement a suitable infrastructure for mid- to long-term statistical analysis. It further provides a forum for joint optimization across single service boundaries and the exchange of analysis methods and tools. To simplify access to the collected data, we implemented an automated repository for cleaned and aggregated data sources based on the Hadoop ecosystem. This contribution describes some of the challenges encountered, such as dealing with heterogeneous data formats, selecting an efficient storage format for map reduce and external access, and will describe the repository user interface. Using this infrastructure we were able to quantitatively analyze the relationship between CPU/wall fraction, latency/throughput constraints of network and disk and the effective job throughput. In this contribution we will first describe the design of the shared analysis infrastructure and then present a summary of first analysis results from the combined data sources.

77 FR 74129 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Public Participation for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-13

...EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the Texas State Implementation Plan (SIP) that establish the public participation requirements for air quality permits. EPA proposes to find that these revisions to the Texas SIP comply with the Federal Clean Air Act (the Act or CAA) and EPA regulations and are consistent with EPA policies. Texas submitted the public participation provisions in four separate revisions to the SIP on July 22, 1998; October 25, 1999; July 2, 2010; and March 11, 2011. EPA is proposing this action under section 110 and parts C and D of the Clean Air Act (the Act).

Ohio Route 50 joint sealant experiment : research implementation plan.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-05-01

Research in the state of Wisconsin over the past forty years has found no noticeable difference in : performance between jointed concrete pavement (JCP) constructed with a sealed contraction joint and : JCP constructed with a single, narrow, unsealed...

Special Report. States Doubt Clean Air Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Environmental Science and Technology, 1974

1974-01-01

This special report reviews air quality control plans formulated by each state. Comparisons of these plans and discussions on the degree of implementation achieved by state governments are presented. Problems surrounding the establishment and implementation of EPA approved plans are discussed. (JP)

Incorporating Voluntary Mobile Source Emission Reduction Programs in State Implementation Plans (SIPs)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This EPA memorandum provides guidance and sets forth policy and interpretation regarding the granting of explicit State Implementation Plan (SIP) credit for Voluntary Mobile Source Emission Reduction Programs (VMEPs) under section 110 of the Clean Air Act.

Infrastructure State Implementation Plan (SIP) Requirements and Guidance

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Clean Air Act requires states to submit SIPs that implement, maintain, and enforce a new or revised national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) within 3 years of EPA issuing the standard. The Infrastructure SIP is required for all states.

Gaskets for low-energy houses

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Harr, D.

1986-05-01

New materials and techniques make it easier to build today's tight, energy-efficient homes. One system that has won many converts recently is the airtight drywall approach (ADA). ADA relies heavily on the use of foam gasketing. In the ADA building system, nearly all joints--sill to foundation, band joist, wall plate to subfloor, and drywall to frame-are gasketed with foam tapes. The combination of gaskets, drywall, and caulk creates an airtight envelope. Foam gasketing tape is well suited from many of these joints because it is clean, economical, and easy to apply. The right gasket will maintain the seal even ifmore » the joint moves, and won't squeeze out of the joint under compression. Caulk, on the other hand, is messy, hard to apply, and squeezes out of the joint under compression. Saturated urethanes are elastic sealants that always recover, even after being completely compressed. Some saturated urethanes recover faster than others, depending on what saturant is used, but all exert a force to recover because they are urethanes. In the construction industry, where gaskets are likely to be buried permanently within the framework, saturated urethane foam gaskets really make sense.« less

76 FR 23221 - Joint Public Roundtable on Issues Related to the Schedule for Implementing Final Rules for Swaps...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-26

... submissions will be reviewed jointly by the Agencies. All comments must be in English or be accompanied by an English translation. All submissions provided to either Agency in any electronic form or on paper will be... of CFTC Commissioner Scott D. O'Malia; Implementation Roundtable Seriatim; Certainty & Transparency I...

Supporting Clean Energy Development in Swaziland

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

2016-04-01

Swaziland, a country largely dependent on regional fossil fuel imports to meet power needs, is vulnerable to supply changes and price shocks. To address this challenge, the country's National Energy Policy and Implementation Strategy prioritizes actions to enhance energy independence through scaling up renewable energy and energy efficiency. With approximately 70 percent of the country lacking electricity, Swaziland is also strongly committed to expanding energy access to support key economic and social development goals. Within this context, energy security and energy access are two foundational objectives for clean energy development in Swaziland. The partnership between the Swaziland Energy Regulatory Authoritymore » and the Clean Energy Solutions Center led to concrete outcomes to support clean energy development in Swaziland. Improving renewable energy project licensing processes will enable Swaziland to achieve key national objectives to expand clean energy access and transition to greater energy independence.« less

Wiltech Component Cleaning and Refurbishment Facility CFC Elimination Plan at NASA Kennedy Space Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williamson, Steve; Aman, Bob; Aurigema, Andrew; Melendez, Orlando

1999-01-01

The Wiltech Component Cleaning & Refurbishment Facility (WT-CCRF) at NASA Kennedy Space Center performs precision cleaning on approximately 200,000 metallic and non metallic components every year. WT-CCRF has developed a CFC elimination plan consisting of aqueous cleaning and verification and an economical dual solvent strategy for alternative solvent solution. Aqueous Verification Methodologies were implemented two years ago on a variety of Ground Support Equipment (GSE) components and sampling equipment. Today, 50% of the current workload is verified using aqueous methods and 90% of the total workload is degreased aqueously using, Zonyl and Brulin surfactants in ultrasonic baths. An additional estimated 20% solvent savings could be achieved if the proposed expanded use of aqueous methods are approved. Aqueous cleaning has shown to be effective, environmentally friendly and economical (i.e.. cost of materials, equipment, facilities and labor).

Implementation of remote video auditing with feedback and compliance for manual-cleaning protocols of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography endoscopes.

PubMed

Armellino, Donna; Cifu, Kelly; Wallace, Maureen; Johnson, Sherly; DiCapua, John; Dowling, Oonagh; Jacobs, Mitchel; Browning, Susan

2018-05-01

A pilot initiative to assess the use of remote video auditing in monitoring compliance with manual-cleaning protocols for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) endoscopes was performed. Compliance with manual-cleaning steps following the initiation of feedback was measured. A video feed of the ERCP reprocessing room was provided to remote auditors who scored items of an ERCP endoscope manual-cleaning checklist. Compliance feedback was provided in the form of reports and reeducation. Outcomes were reported as checklist compliance. The use of remote video auditing to document manual processing is a feasible approach and feedback and reeducation increased manual-cleaning compliance from 53.1% (95% confidence interval, 34.7-71.6) to 98.9% (95.0% confidence interval, 98.1-99.6). Copyright © 2018 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Fatigue Strength and Related Characteristics of Aircraft Joints I : Comparison of Spot-Weld and Rivet Patterns in 24s-t Alclad and 75s-t Alclad

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Russell, H W; Jackson, L R; Grover, H J; Beaver, W W

1944-01-01

Report contains detailed results of a number of fatigue tests on spot-welded joints in aluminum alloys. The tests described include: (1) fatigue tests on spot-welded lap joints in sheets of unequal thickness of alclad 24s-t. These tests indicate that the fatigue strength of a spot-welded joint in sheets of two different gages is slightly higher than that of a similar joint in two sheets of the thinner gage but definitely lower than that of a similar joint in two sheets of the thicker gage. (2) Fatigue tests on spot-welded alclad 75s-t spot-welded lap-joint specimens of alclad 75s-t were not any stronger in fatigue than similar specimens of alclad 24s-t. (3) Fatigue tests on lap-joint specimens spot -welded after various surface preparations--these included ac welding wire-brushed surfaces, dc welding wire-brushed surfaces, and dc welding chemically cleaned surfaces. While the ac welds were strongest statically, the dc welds on wire-brushed surfaces were strongest in fatigue. Specimens prepared in this way were very nearly as strong as the best riveted specimens tested for comparison. (4) Fatigue tests on specimens spot-welded with varying voltage so as to include a wide range of static spot-weld strengths. The fatigue strengths were in the same order as the static strengths but showed less range. (author)

77 FR 71568 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Tennessee; Interstate Transport Infrastructure...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-03

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Tennessee; Interstate Transport Infrastructure Requirements (Prevention of Significant Deterioration) for the 2008 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards AGENCY... Clean Air Act (CAA) requirements pertaining to prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) (concerning...

A semi-automated workflow for biodiversity data retrieval, cleaning, and quality control

PubMed Central

Mathew, Cherian; Obst, Matthias; Vicario, Saverio; Haines, Robert; Williams, Alan R.; de Jong, Yde; Goble, Carole

2014-01-01

Abstract The compilation and cleaning of data needed for analyses and prediction of species distributions is a time consuming process requiring a solid understanding of data formats and service APIs provided by biodiversity informatics infrastructures. We designed and implemented a Taverna-based Data Refinement Workflow which integrates taxonomic data retrieval, data cleaning, and data selection into a consistent, standards-based, and effective system hiding the complexity of underlying service infrastructures. The workflow can be freely used both locally and through a web-portal which does not require additional software installations by users. PMID:25535486

A suppression hierarchy among competing motor programs drives sequential grooming in Drosophila

PubMed Central

Seeds, Andrew M; Ravbar, Primoz; Chung, Phuong; Hampel, Stefanie; Midgley, Frank M; Mensh, Brett D; Simpson, Julie H

2014-01-01

Motor sequences are formed through the serial execution of different movements, but how nervous systems implement this process remains largely unknown. We determined the organizational principles governing how dirty fruit flies groom their bodies with sequential movements. Using genetically targeted activation of neural subsets, we drove distinct motor programs that clean individual body parts. This enabled competition experiments revealing that the motor programs are organized into a suppression hierarchy; motor programs that occur first suppress those that occur later. Cleaning one body part reduces the sensory drive to its motor program, which relieves suppression of the next movement, allowing the grooming sequence to progress down the hierarchy. A model featuring independently evoked cleaning movements activated in parallel, but selected serially through hierarchical suppression, was successful in reproducing the grooming sequence. This provides the first example of an innate motor sequence implemented by the prevailing model for generating human action sequences. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02951.001 PMID:25139955

Determination of Parachute Joint Factors using Seam and Joint Testing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mollmann, Catherine

2015-01-01

This paper details the methodology for determining the joint factor for all parachute components. This method has been successfully implemented on the Capsule Parachute Assembly System (CPAS) for the NASA Orion crew module for use in determining the margin of safety for each component under peak loads. Also discussed are concepts behind the joint factor and what drives the loss of material strength at joints. The joint factor is defined as a "loss in joint strength...relative to the basic material strength" that occurs when "textiles are connected to each other or to metals." During the CPAS engineering development phase, a conservative joint factor of 0.80 was assumed for each parachute component. In order to refine this factor and eliminate excess conservatism, a seam and joint testing program was implemented as part of the structural validation. This method split each of the parachute structural joints into discrete tensile tests designed to duplicate the loading of each joint. Breaking strength data collected from destructive pull testing was then used to calculate the joint factor in the form of an efficiency. Joint efficiency is the percentage of the base material strength that remains after degradation due to sewing or interaction with other components; it is used interchangeably with joint factor in this paper. Parachute materials vary in type-mainly cord, tape, webbing, and cloth -which require different test fixtures and joint sample construction methods. This paper defines guidelines for designing and testing samples based on materials and test goals. Using the test methodology and analysis approach detailed in this paper, the minimum joint factor for each parachute component can be formulated. The joint factors can then be used to calculate the design factor and margin of safety for that component, a critical part of the design verification process.

Neural joint control for Space Shuttle Remote Manipulator System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Atkins, Mark A.; Cox, Chadwick J.; Lothers, Michael D.; Pap, Robert M.; Thomas, Charles R.

1992-01-01

Neural networks are being used to control a robot arm in a telerobotic operation. The concept uses neural networks for both joint and inverse kinematics in a robotic control application. An upper level neural network is trained to learn inverse kinematic mappings. The output, a trajectory, is then fed to the Decentralized Adaptive Joint Controllers. This neural network implementation has shown that the controlled arm recovers from unexpected payload changes while following the reference trajectory. The neural network-based decentralized joint controller is faster, more robust and efficient than conventional approaches. Implementations of this architecture are discussed that would relax assumptions about dynamics, obstacles, and heavy loads. This system is being developed to use with the Space Shuttle Remote Manipulator System.

Climate and Health Impacts of US Emissions Reductions Consistent with 2 C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shindell, Drew T.; Lee, Yunha; Faluvegi, Greg

2016-01-01

An emissions trajectory for the US consistent with 2 C warming would require marked societal changes, making it crucial to understand the associated benefits. Previous studies have examined technological potentials and implementation costs and public health benefits have been quantified for less-aggressive potential emissions-reduction policies, but researchers have not yet fully explored the multiple benefits of reductions consistent with 2 C. We examine the impacts of such highly ambitious scenarios for clean energy and vehicles. US transportation emissions reductions avoid approx.0.03 C global warming in 2030 (0.15 C in 2100), whereas energy emissions reductions avoid approx.0.05-0.07 C 2030 warming (approx.0.25 C in 2100). Nationally, however, clean energy policies produce climate disbenefits including warmer summers (although these would be eliminated by the remote effects of similar policies if they were undertaken elsewhere). The policies also greatly reduce damaging ambient particulate matter and ozone. By 2030, clean energy policies could prevent approx.175,000 premature deaths, with approx.22,000 (11,000-96,000; 95% confidence) fewer annually thereafter, whereas clean transportation could prevent approx.120,000 premature deaths and approx.14,000 (9,000-52,000) annually thereafter. Near-term national benefits are valued at approx.US$250 billion (140 billion to 1,050billion) per year, which is likely to exceed implementation costs. Including longer-term, worldwide climate impacts, benefits roughly quintuple, becoming approx.5-10 times larger than estimated implementation costs. Achieving the benefits, however, would require both larger and broader emissions reductions than those in current legislation or regulations.

The GSFC Combined Approach of ODC Stockpiling and Tribological Testing to Mitigate the Risks of ODC Elimination

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Predmore, Roamer; Woods, Claudia; Hovanec, Andrew

1997-01-01

In response to the elimination of production of several Ozone Depleting Chemicals (ODCs) which have been widely used in successful space flight mechanism cleaning and lubricating procedures, GSFC developed and implemented an overall philosophy of mitigating the risks to flight hardware during the transition phase to ODC-Free cleaning procedures. One leg of that philosophy is the initiation of a several tier testing program which will deliver increasing amounts of information over the next few years, starting with original surface analysis comparisons between ODC and various ODC-Free cleaning technologies. The other leg is the stockpiling of an appropriate amount of ODC solvents such that all short term GSFC missions will be able to stay with or revert to heritage cleaning and lubricating procedures in the face of life issues. While tribological testing, mechanism life testing and space-flight experience will ultimately bring us into the 21st century with environmentally friendly means of cleaning long-life precision mechanism components, many satellites will be launched over the next few years with a number of important tribological questions unanswered. In order to prepare for this challenge, the Materials Engineering Branch in cooperation with the Electromechanical Branch launched an intensive review of all ongoing missions. The failure risk was determined for each long-life mechanism based on a number of parameters, including a comparison of flight solvents used to clean the heritage/life test hardware. Also studied was the ability of the mechanism manufacturers to stockpile ODCs based on state laws and company policies. A stockpiling strategy was constructed based on this information and subsequently implemented. This paper provides an overview of the GSFC ODC elimination risk mitigation philosophy as well as a detailed examination of the development of the ODC stockpiling plan.

U.S.– India Joint Center for Building Energy Research and Development (CBERD) Caring for the Energy Health of Healthcare Facilities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Singh, Reshma; Mathew, Paul; Granderson, Jessica

The U.S.-India Joint Center for Building Energy Research & Development (CBERD), created through the Partnership to Accelerate Clean Energy (PACE) agreement between the United States and India, is a research and development (R&D) center with over 30 institutional and industry partners from both nations. This five-year presidential initiative is jointly funded by the U.S. Department of Energy and the Government of India. CBERD aims to build upon a foundation of collaborative knowledge, tools, and technologies, and human capabilities that will increase development of high-performance buildings. To reach this goal, the R&D focuses on energy use reduction throughout the entire lifemore » cycle of buildings—i.e., design, construction, and operations. During the operations phase of buildings, even with best-practice energy-efficient design, actual energy use can be much higher than the design intent. Every day, much of the energy consumed by buildings serves no purpose (Roth et al. 2005). Building energy information systems (EIS) are commercially available systems that building owners and facility managers use to assess their building operations, measure, visualize, analyze, and report energy cost and consumption. Energy information systems can enable significant energy savings by tracking energy use, identifying consumption patterns, and benchmarking performance against similar buildings, thereby identifying improvement opportunities. The CBERD team has identified potential energy savings of approximately 2 quads of primary energy in the United States, while industry building energy audits in India have indicated potential energy savings of up to 30 percent in commercial buildings such as offices. Additionally, the CBERD team has identified healthcare facilities (e.g., hospitals, clinics), hotels, and offices as the three of the highest-growth sectors in India that have significant energy consumption, and that would benefit the most from implementation of EIS.« less

75 FR 56935 - Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plans; State of Colorado; Interstate Transport...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-17

... Implementation Plan to Meet the Requirements of Clean Air Act section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I)--Interstate Transport... section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I). On June 18, 2009 the State of Colorado submitted an interstate transport State Implementation Plan (SIP) addressing the interstate transport requirements under section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) of the...

A joint resolution disapproving a rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to the endangerment finding and the cause or contribute findings for greenhouse gases under section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act.

THOMAS, 111th Congress

Sen. Murkowski, Lisa [R-AK

2010-01-21

Senate - 06/10/2010 Motion to proceed to consideration of measure rejected in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 47 - 53. Record Vote Number: 184. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

Cleaning Up the Joint: Command, Control, and Agency in American War Fighting

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

markers of the rise of professionalism . Constabulary duties on the frontier provided no compelling intellectual locus on which to build a theory of war...Docks; Construction , Equipment and Repairs; Provisions and Clothing; Ordnance and Hydrography; and Medicine and Surgery.80 Its professionalism , however...advisors seem to have convinced themselves otherwise, forcible regime change is by definition a nation- building project of the highest order.67 When

The GSFC Combined Approach of ODC Stockpiling and Tribological Testing to Mitigate the Risks of ODC Elimination

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Predmore, Roamer; LeBoeuf, Claudia; Hovanec, Andrew

1997-01-01

In response to the elimination of production of several Ozone Depleting Chemicals (ODC's) which have been widely used in successful space flight mechanism cleaning and lubricating procedures, GSFC developed and implemented an overall philosophy of mitigating the risks to flight hardware during the transition phase to ODC-free cleaning procedures. The short term leg of the philosophy was the stockpiling of an appropriate amount of ODC solvents such that all short term GSFC missions will be able to stay with or revert to heritage cleaning and lubricating procedures in the face of life issues. The long-term leg of that philosophy was the initiation of a several tier testing program that will deliver increasing amounts of information over the next few years, starting with accelerated lubricant life tests that compare lubricant life on surfaces cleaned with ODC solvents with lubricant life on surfaces cleaned with ODC-free solvents. While tribological testing, mechanism life testing and space-flight experience will ultimately bring us into the 21st century with environmentally friendly means of cleaning long-life precision mechanism components, many satellites will be launched over the next few years before a number of important tribological questions can be answered. In order to prepare for this challenge, the Materials Engineering Branch in cooperation with the Electromechanical Branch launched an intensive review of all ongoing missions. The failure risk was determined for each long-life lubricated mechanism based on a number of parameters, including 4 comparison of flight solvents used to clean the heritage/life test hardware. Also studied was the ability of the mechanism manufacturers to stockpile ODC's based on state laws and company policies. A stockpiling strategy was constructed based on this information and subsequently implemented. This paper provides an overview of the GSFC ODC elimination risk mitigation philosophy as well as a detailed examination of the development of the ODC stockpiling plan.

A Modelling Method of Bolt Joints Based on Basic Characteristic Parameters of Joint Surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yuansheng, Li; Guangpeng, Zhang; Zhen, Zhang; Ping, Wang

2018-02-01

Bolt joints are common in machine tools and have a direct impact on the overall performance of the tools. Therefore, the understanding of bolt joint characteristics is essential for improving machine design and assembly. Firstly, According to the experimental data obtained from the experiment, the stiffness curve formula was fitted. Secondly, a finite element model of unit bolt joints such as bolt flange joints, bolt head joints, and thread joints was constructed, and lastly the stiffness parameters of joint surfaces were implemented in the model by the secondary development of ABAQUS. The finite element model of the bolt joint established by this method can simulate the contact state very well.

75 FR 59081 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Michigan; PSD Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-27

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Michigan; PSD Regulations AGENCY: Environmental Protection... the prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) construction permit program under the Federal Clean... potentially subject to the PSD construction permit program. On July 16, 2010, Michigan submitted revisions...

76 FR 6559 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Pennsylvania; 2002 Base Year...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-07

... Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Pennsylvania; 2002 Base Year Emissions Inventory, Reasonable... revision. EPA is approving this SIP revision because it satisfies Clean Air Act (CAA) requirements for the...

40 CFR 49.10049 - Permits to operate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Permits to operate. 49.10049 Section 49.10049 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes-Region X Implementation Plan for the Cow...

Stethoscope Hygiene: Practice and Attitude of Medical Students.

PubMed

Gazibara, Tatjana; Radovanovic, Sanja; Maric, Gorica; Rancic, Biljana; Kisic-Tepavcevic, Darija; Pekmezovic, Tatjana

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency and attitude of medical students towards cleaning their stethoscopes. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the first week of December 2013. The study included 771 students (397 in their fourth and 374 in their sixth year) from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia. An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to students before the start of compulsory lessons in classrooms. 317 of the 397 fourth-year students (79.8%) and 306 of the 374 sixth-year students (81.9%) cleaned their stethoscope. The stethoscope diaphragm was most commonly cleaned, while the flexible tubing was the least commonly cleaned area, mainly using ethyl alcohol-based agents. The strongest positive attitude was observed for the statement 'It is important that my stethoscope is clean' (4.3 out of 5.0). A positive correlation (Spearman's x03C1; = 0.105) was observed between a higher frequency of cleaning and the stronger positive notion that a stethoscope should be cleaned. A considerably high proportion of the students studied had ever cleaned their stethoscopes. Based on the students' responses, it would be useful to implement instructions on stethoscope hygiene in the regular practical curriculum with the aim of applying stethoscope disinfection in daily work. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Assessment of hospital daily cleaning practices using ATP bioluminescence in a developing country.

PubMed

Zambrano, Alejandra A; Jones, Alex; Otero, Paula; Ajenjo, Maria Cristina; Labarca, Jaime A

2014-01-01

Visual assessment of surfaces may not be enough to document the level of cleanliness in the hospital setting. It is necessary to introduce quantitative methods to document the results of this practice. To evaluate the efficacy of hospital terminal cleaning procedures, using an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence method in a teaching hospital. During 2008 we conducted an evaluation using ATP bioluminescence LIGHTNING MVP™ (Arquimed) of external and internal housekeeping service. After conducting an initial evaluation we implemented education of cleaning practices and finally we did a post intervention evaluation. Using chi-square method we compared prior versus after cleaning, quality of cleaning performed by external versus internal personnel, single versus double terminal cleaning procedures and prior versus after intervention. A finding of three RLU or less was considered a clean surface. We performed 198 evaluations in 33 patient units and nine OR. Internal personnel accomplished 25.37% of clean surfaces before and 80% after the education intervention (p=0.01). In contrast, external personnel obtained 68.8% before and 73.33% after intervention (p=0.3). This study suggests that visual assessment is not enough to ensure quality of the process and it is necessary to document the level of cleanliness by quantitative methods. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

Diversity of anaerobic microbes in spacecraft assembly clean rooms.

PubMed

Probst, Alexander; Vaishampayan, Parag; Osman, Shariff; Moissl-Eichinger, Christine; Andersen, Gary L; Venkateswaran, Kasthuri

2010-05-01

Although the cultivable and noncultivable microbial diversity of spacecraft assembly clean rooms has been previously documented using conventional and state-of-the-art molecular techniques, the occurrence of obligate anaerobes within these clean rooms is still uncertain. Therefore, anaerobic bacterial communities of three clean-room facilities were analyzed during assembly of the Mars Science Laboratory rover. Anaerobic bacteria were cultured on several media, and DNA was extracted from suitable anaerobic enrichments and examined with conventional 16S rRNA gene clone library, as well as high-density phylogenetic 16S rRNA gene microarray (PhyloChip) technologies. The culture-dependent analyses predominantly showed the presence of clostridial and propionibacterial strains. The 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved from clone libraries revealed distinct microbial populations associated with each clean-room facility, clustered exclusively within gram-positive organisms. PhyloChip analysis detected a greater microbial diversity, spanning many phyla of bacteria, and provided a deeper insight into the microbial community structure of the clean-room facilities. This study presents an integrated approach for assessing the anaerobic microbial population within clean-room facilities, using both molecular and cultivation-based analyses. The results reveal that highly diverse anaerobic bacterial populations persist in the clean rooms even after the imposition of rigorous maintenance programs and will pose a challenge to planetary protection implementation activities.

Better kitchens and toilets: both needed for better health.

PubMed

Ravindra, Khaiwal; Smith, Kirk R

2018-05-01

Both poor water, sanitation, hygiene (WaSH) and household air pollution (HAP) adversely affect the health of millions of people each year around the globe and specifically in developing countries. The objective of current work is to highlight the importance of HAP in parallel to WaSH for decision making to achieve better health specially in developing countries. There are examples, where developing countries are strengthening efforts to tackle the issue of poor water and sanitation such as 'Clean India Mission' was recently launched by the Government of India. However, there is lack of actions to address the issue related to HAP-to extend the coverage of clean fuel, efficient stoves and ventilated kitchens to the deprived population under the 'Clean India Mission'. Most of the rural household and urban slums in developing countries have only a single room, where people cook and sleep. This leads them to exposure to toxic HAP, which can be minimized by developing country specific indoor air quality guidelines and action framework. Hence, there should be policies to provide them not only the subsidy for clean fuel but also to build properly ventilated kitchens along with the promotion of clean toilets and water supplies. There is a need to strengthen global efforts, to jointly address the challenges associated with the risks related to WaSH and HAP in order to efficiently reduce the global burden of disease. Further, this will also help to timely attain the sustainable development goals for better health and environment.

Consumers' Risk Perception of Household Cleaning and Washing Products.

PubMed

Bearth, Angela; Miesler, Linda; Siegrist, Michael

2017-04-01

A large share of accidental and nonaccidental poisonings are caused by household cleaning and washing products, such as drain cleaner or laundry detergent. The main goal of this article was to investigate consumers' risk perception and misconceptions of a variety of cleaning and washing products in order to inform future risk communication efforts. For this, a sorting task including 33 commonly available household cleaning and washing products was implemented. A total of 60 female consumers were asked to place the cleaning and washing products on a reference line 3 m in length with the poles "dangerous" and "not dangerous." The gathered data were analyzed qualitatively and by means of multidimensional scaling, cluster analysis, and linear regression. The dimensionality of the sorting data suggests that both analytically (i.e., written and graphical hazard notes and perceived effectiveness) and intuitively driven risk judgments (i.e., eco vs. regular products) were applied by the participants. Furthermore, results suggest the presence of misconceptions, particularly related to consumers' perceptions of eco cleaning products, which were generally regarded as safer than their regular counterparts. Future risk communication should aim at dispelling these misconceptions and promoting accurate risk perceptions of particular household cleaning and washing products. © 2016 Society for Risk Analysis.

The selection of the American-Polish joint venture projects for the Krakow program and results of the efforts to date

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gyorke, D.F.; Butcher, T.A.

1995-12-31

To implement the Krakow Clean Fossil Fuels and Energy Efficiency Program, eight U.S. firms were selected by the U.S. Department of Energy to market their technologies to reduce pollution from low emission sources in Krakow. The eight U.S. firms were selected by a competitive solicitation that required the proposing firms to themselves provide funding to match or exceed the funding provided by the Program. These U.S. firms and their Polish partner companies have begun sales and cooperative work efforts in Krakow, and some have already made initial equipment installations with measurable performance improvements. Following their efforts as part of themore » Program, these U.S.-Polish joint ventures will market their technologies and achieve the associated environmental benefits elsewhere in Poland and Eastern and Central Europe. As part of the Krakow Program a spreadsheet model was developed to compare technological options for supplying heat to the city by calculation and comparing the heating costs and associated emissions reduction for each option. Comparison of options is made on the basis of the user cost-per-metric ton of equivalent emissions reduction. For all options considered in the Krakow Program, this cost parameter has ranged from -$1469 (best) to $2650 (worst). The costs for technologies associated with the eight projects in the Krakow Program are at the lower end of this range placing these technologies among the most cost effective solutions to the pollution problems from the low emission sources.« less

Planetary protection implementation on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter mission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barengoltz, J.; Witte, J.

2008-09-01

In August 2005 NASA launched a large orbiting science observatory, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), for what is scheduled to be a 5.4-year mission. High resolution imaging of the surface is a principal goal of the mission. One consequence of this goal however is the need for a low science orbit. Unfortunately this orbit fails the required 20-year orbit life set in NASA Planetary Protection (PP) requirements [NASA. Planetary protection provisions for robotic extraterrestrial missions, NASA procedural requirements NPR 8020.12C, NASA HQ, Washington, DC, April 2005.]. So rather than sacrifice the science goals of the mission by raising the science orbit, the MRO Project chose to be the first orbiter to pursue the bio-burden reduction approach. Cleaning alone for a large orbiter like MRO is insufficient to achieve the bio-burden threshold requirement in NASA PP requirements. The burden requirement for an orbiter includes spores encapsulated in non-metallic materials and trapped in joints, as well as located on all internal and external surfaces (the total spore burden). Total burden estimates are dominated by the mated and encapsulated burden. The encapsulated burden cannot be cleaned. The total burden of a smaller orbiter (e.g., Mars Odyssey) likely could not have met the requirement by cleaning; for the large MRO it is clearly impossible. Of course, a system-level partial sterilization, with its attendant costs and system design issues, could have been employed. In the approach taken by the MRO Project, hardware which will burn up (completely vaporize or ablate) before reaching the surface or will at least attain high temperature (500 °C for 0.5 s or more) due to entry heating was exempt from burden accounting. Thus the bio-burden estimate was reduced. Lockheed Martin engineers developed a process to perform what is called breakup and burn-up (B&B) analysis.Lockheed Martin Corporation.2 The use of the B&B analysis to comply with the spore burden requirement is the main subject of this article. However, several components aboard the orbiter were predicted to fail the minimum time at temperature requirements (or could not conservatively be shown to meet the conditions). An implementation plan was generated to address the highest contributors to the bio-burden assessment that fail to meet the requirements. The spore burden for these components was estimated by direct and proxy burden assays, NASA PP specifications, and dry heat microbial reduction, as appropriate. Items on the orbiter that required rework during assembly were also individually assessed. MRO met the spore burden requirement based on the B&B analysis, the MRO Planetary Protection Implementation Plan, and verification by the NASA Planetary Protection Officer’s (PPO) independent assays. The compliance was documented in the MRO PP Pre-Launch Report. MRO was approved for flight by the NASA PPO.

Total maximum daily loads, sediment budgets, and tracking restoration progress of the north coast watersheds

Treesearch

Matthew S. Buffleben

2012-01-01

One of the predominate water quality problems for northern coastal California watersheds is the impairment of salmonid habitat. Most of the North Coast watersheds are listed as “impaired” under section 303(d) of Clean Water Act. The Clean Water Act requires states to address impaired waters by developing Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) or implementing...

Photo-oxidation catalysts

DOEpatents

Pitts, J Roland [Lakewood, CO; Liu, Ping [Irvine, CA; Smith, R Davis [Golden, CO

2009-07-14

Photo-oxidation catalysts and methods for cleaning a metal-based catalyst are disclosed. An exemplary catalyst system implementing a photo-oxidation catalyst may comprise a metal-based catalyst, and a photo-oxidation catalyst for cleaning the metal-based catalyst in the presence of light. The exposure to light enables the photo-oxidation catalyst to substantially oxidize absorbed contaminants and reduce accumulation of the contaminants on the metal-based catalyst. Applications are also disclosed.

National Survey of Environmental Cleaning and Disinfection in Hospitals in Thailand.

PubMed

Apisarnthanarak, Anucha; Weber, David J; Ratz, David; Saint, Sanjay; Khawcharoenporn, Thana; Greene, M Todd

2017-10-01

More than 90% of Thai hospitals surveyed reported implementing environmental cleaning and disinfection (ECD) protocols. Hospital epidemiologist presence was associated with the existence of an ECD checklist (P=.01) and of ECD auditing (P=.001), while good and excellent hospital administrative support were associated with better adherence to ECD protocols (P<.001) and ECD checklists (P=.005). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:1250-1253.

Effects of the Clean Power Plan

EIA Publications

2016-01-01

This report, the first of six Issue in Focus articles from the Annual Energy Outlook 2016, analyzes possible impacts of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Power Plan (CPP). Cases analyzed include alternative approaches to implementation of the CPP and the impact of extension of the program beyond 2030. Results include effects on CO2 emissions, electricity capacity expansion and retirements, generation fuel mix, electricity prices, and regional impacts.

A divergence-cleaning scheme for cosmological SPMHD simulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stasyszyn, F. A.; Dolag, K.; Beck, A. M.

2013-01-01

In magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), the magnetic field is evolved by the induction equation and coupled to the gas dynamics by the Lorentz force. We perform numerical smoothed particle magnetohydrodynamics (SPMHD) simulations and study the influence of a numerical magnetic divergence. For instabilities arising from {nabla }\\cdot {boldsymbol B} related errors, we find the hyperbolic/parabolic cleaning scheme suggested by Dedner et al. to give good results and prevent numerical artefacts from growing. Additionally, we demonstrate that certain current SPMHD implementations of magnetic field regularizations give rise to unphysical instabilities in long-time simulations. We also find this effect when employing Euler potentials (divergenceless by definition), which are not able to follow the winding-up process of magnetic field lines properly. Furthermore, we present cosmological simulations of galaxy cluster formation at extremely high resolution including the evolution of magnetic fields. We show synthetic Faraday rotation maps and derive structure functions to compare them with observations. Comparing all the simulations with and without divergence cleaning, we are able to confirm the results of previous simulations performed with the standard implementation of MHD in SPMHD at normal resolution. However, at extremely high resolution, a cleaning scheme is needed to prevent the growth of numerical {nabla }\\cdot {boldsymbol B} errors at small scales.

The myths of 'big data' in health care.

PubMed

Jacofsky, D J

2017-12-01

'Big data' is a term for data sets that are so large or complex that traditional data processing applications are inadequate. Billions of dollars have been spent on attempts to build predictive tools from large sets of poorly controlled healthcare metadata. Companies often sell reports at a physician or facility level based on various flawed data sources, and comparative websites of 'publicly reported data' purport to educate the public. Physicians should be aware of concerns and pitfalls seen in such data definitions, data clarity, data relevance, data sources and data cleaning when evaluating analytic reports from metadata in health care. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1571-6. ©2017 The British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery.

Quantitative cleaning characterization of a lithium-fluoride ion diode

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Menge, P.R.; Cuneo, M.E.

An ion source cleaning testbed was created to test plasma-cleaning techniques, and to provide quantitative data on plasma-cleaning protocols prior to implementation on the SABRE accelerator. The testbed was designed to resolve issues regarding the quantity of contaminants absorbed by the anode source (LiF), and the best cleaning methodology. A test chamber was devised containing a duplicate of the SABRE diode. Radio-frequency (RF) power was fed to the anode, which was isolated from ground and thus served as the plasma discharge electrode. RF plasma discharges in 1--3 mtorr of Ar with 10% O{sub 2} were found to provide the bestmore » cleaning of the LiF surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the LiF could accrue dozens of monolayers of carbon just by sitting in a 2 {times} 10{sup {minus}5} vacuum for 24 h. Tests of various discharge cleaning protocols indicated that 15 min of an Ar/O{sub 2} discharge was sufficient to reduce this initial 13--45 monolayers of carbon impurities to 2--4 monolayers. Rapid recontamination of the LiF was also observed. Up to ten monolayers of carbon returned in 2 min after termination of the plasma discharge and subsequent pumping back to the 10{sup {minus}5} torr range. Heating of the LiF also was found to provide anode cleaning. Application of heating combined with plasma cleaning provided the highest cleaning rates.« less

A vision-based end-point control for a two-link flexible manipulator. M.S. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Obergfell, Klaus

1991-01-01

The measurement and control of the end-effector position of a large two-link flexible manipulator are investigated. The system implementation is described and an initial algorithm for static end-point positioning is discussed. Most existing robots are controlled through independent joint controllers, while the end-effector position is estimated from the joint positions using a kinematic relation. End-point position feedback can be used to compensate for uncertainty and structural deflections. Such feedback is especially important for flexible robots. Computer vision is utilized to obtain end-point position measurements. A look-and-move control structure alleviates the disadvantages of the slow and variable computer vision sampling frequency. This control structure consists of an inner joint-based loop and an outer vision-based loop. A static positioning algorithm was implemented and experimentally verified. This algorithm utilizes the manipulator Jacobian to transform a tip position error to a joint error. The joint error is then used to give a new reference input to the joint controller. The convergence of the algorithm is demonstrated experimentally under payload variation. A Landmark Tracking System (Dickerson, et al 1990) is used for vision-based end-point measurements. This system was modified and tested. A real-time control system was implemented on a PC and interfaced with the vision system and the robot.

Institute a modest carbon tax to reduce carbon emissions, finance clean energy technology development, cut taxes, and reduce the deficit

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Muro, Mark; Rothwell, Jonathan

The nation should institute a modest carbon tax in order to help clean up the economy and stabilize the nation’s finances. Specifically, Congress and the president should implement a $20 per ton, steadily increasing carbon excise fee that would discourage carbon dioxide emissions while shifting taxation onto pollution, financing energy efficiency (EE) and clean technology development, and providing opportunities to cut taxes or reduce the deficit. The net effect of these policies would be to curb harmful carbon emissions, improve the nation’s balance sheet, and stimulate job-creation and economic renewal.

Planning and implementing forest operations to achieve sustainable forests: Proceedings of papers presented at the joint meeting of the Council on Forest Engineering and International Union of Forest Research Organizations.

Treesearch

Charles R. Blinn; Michael A. Thompson

1996-01-01

Contains a variety of papers presented at the joint meeting of the Council on Forest Engineering and International Union of Forest Research Organizations Subject Group S3.04 and that support the meeting theme "Planning and Implementing Forest Operations to Achieve Sustainable Forests."

Joint ETV/NOWATECH test plan for the Sorbisense GSW40 passive sampler

EPA Science Inventory

The joint test plan is the implementation of a test design developed for verification of the performance of an environmental technology following the NOWATECH ETV method. The verification is a joint verification with the US EPA ETV scheme and the Advanced Monitoring Systems Cent...

RSRM Nozzle-to-Case Joint J-leg Development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Albrechtsen, Kevin U.; Eddy, Norman F.; Ewing, Mark E.; McGuire, John R.

2003-01-01

Since the beginning of the Space Shuttle Reusable Solid Rocket Motor (RSRM) program, nozzle-to-case joint polysulfide adhesive gas paths have occurred on several flight motors. These gas paths have allowed hot motor gases to reach the wiper O-ring. Even though these motors continue to fly safely with this condition, a desire was to reduce such occurrences. The RSRM currently uses a J-leg joint configuration on case field joints and igniter inner and outer joints. The J-leg joint configuration has been successfully demonstrated on numerous RSRM flight and static test motors, eliminating hot gas intrusion to the critical O-ring seals on these joints. Using the proven technology demonstrated on the case field joints and igniter joints, a nozzle-to-case joint J-leg design was developed for implementation on RSRM flight motors. This configuration provides an interference fit with nozzle fixed housing phenolics at assembly, with a series of pressurization gaps incorporated outboard of the joint mating surface to aid in joint pressurization and to eliminate any circumferential flow in this region. The joint insulation is bonded to the nozzle phenolics using the same pressure sensitive adhesive used in the case field joints and igniter joints. An enhancement to the nozzle-to-case joint J-leg configuration is the implementation of a carbon rope thermal barrier. The thermal barrier is located downstream of the joint bondline and is positioned within the joint in a manner where any hot gas intrusion into the joint passes through the thermal barrier, reducing gas temperatures to a level that would not affect O-rings downstream of the thermal barrier. This paper discusses the processes used in reaching a final nozzle-to-case joint J-leg design, provides structural and thermal results in support of the design, and identifies fabrication techniques and demonstrations used in arriving at the final configuration.

Compatibility of Halthane 88-3 urethane adhesive with the replacement cleaning solvent D-Limonene

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

LeMay, J.D.; Mendoza, B.

1991-08-01

D-Limonene, (R)1-methyl-4-isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene, has been identified as a leading replacement for chlorinated solvents traditionally used to clean electrical assemblies and critical components in some phases of weapons production. Unfortunately, d-limonene has a much lower vapor pressure than the chlorinated solvents if replaces (<2 torr at ambient). This makes its complete elimination from cleaned subassemblies potentially difficult, and gives rise to concerns about the compatibility of d-limonene with materials in the warhead. During the past year many WR polymers and adhesives have been surveyed for their compatibility with d-limonene. Preliminary test results obtained at Sandia (Albuquerque) and Allied-Signal (KCD) showed that Aluminum/Halthanemore » 88-3/Aluminum joints were destroyed during exposure to saturated d-limonene vapor. The cause of bond failure appeared to be d-limonene induced swelling of the Halthane polymer. This report describes recent work performed at LLNL to study the swelling behavior and bond strength degradation of Halthane 88-3 resulting from exposure to d-limonene vapor.« less

Virtual Passive Controller for Robot Systems Using Joint Torque Sensors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aldridge, Hal A.; Juang, Jer-Nan

1997-01-01

This paper presents a control method based on virtual passive dynamic control that will stabilize a robot manipulator using joint torque sensors and a simple joint model. The method does not require joint position or velocity feedback for stabilization. The proposed control method is stable in the sense of Lyaponov. The control method was implemented on several joints of a laboratory robot. The controller showed good stability robustness to system parameter error and to the exclusion of nonlinear dynamic effects on the joints. The controller enhanced position tracking performance and, in the absence of position control, dissipated joint energy.

Examining factors that influence the effectiveness of cleaning antineoplastic drugs from drug preparation surfaces: a pilot study.

PubMed

Hon, Chun-Yip; Chua, Prescillia Ps; Danyluk, Quinn; Astrakianakis, George

2014-06-01

Occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs has been documented to result in various adverse health effects. Despite the implementation of control measures to minimize exposure, detectable levels of drug residual are still found on hospital work surfaces. Cleaning these surfaces is considered as one means to minimize the exposure potential. However, there are no consistent guiding principles related to cleaning of contaminated surfaces resulting in hospitals to adopt varying practices. As such, this pilot study sought to evaluate current cleaning protocols and identify those factors that were most effective in reducing contamination on drug preparation surfaces. Three cleaning variables were examined: (1) type of cleaning agent (CaviCide®, Phenokil II™, bleach and chlorhexidine), (2) application method of cleaning agent (directly onto surface or indirectly onto a wipe) and (3) use of isopropyl alcohol after cleaning agent application. Known concentrations of antineoplastic drugs (either methotrexate or cyclophosphamide) were placed on a stainless steel swatch and then, systematically, each of the three cleaning variables was tested. Surface wipes were collected and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to determine the percent residual of drug remaining (with 100% being complete elimination of the drug). No one single cleaning agent proved to be effective in completely eliminating all drug contamination. The method of application had minimal effect on the amount of drug residual. In general, application of isopropyl alcohol after the use of cleaning agent further reduced the level of drug contamination although measureable levels of drug were still found in some cases.

Implementation of lung cancer CT screening in the Nordic countries.

PubMed

Pedersen, Jesper Holst; Sørensen, Jens Benn; Saghir, Zaigham; Fløtten, Øystein; Brustugun, Odd Terje; Ashraf, Haseem; Strand, Trond-Eirik; Friesland, Signe; Koyi, Hirsh; Ek, Lars; Nyrén, Sven; Bergman, Per; Jekunen, Antti; Nieminen, Eeva-Maija; Gudbjartsson, Tomas

2017-10-01

We review the current knowledge of CT screening for lung cancer and present an expert-based, joint protocol for the proper implementation of screening in the Nordic countries. Experts representing all the Nordic countries performed literature review and concensus for a joint protocol for lung cancer screening. Areas of concern and caution are presented and discussed. We suggest to perform CT screening pilot studies in the Nordic countries in order to gain experience and develop specific and safe protocols for the implementation of such a program.

76 FR 9656 - Approval and Promulgation of the Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Control of Volatile...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-22

... Promulgation of the Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions From Industrial Solvent Cleaning Operations AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION... Plan (SIP). The revision was submitted by the Maryland Department of the Environment (MDE) to establish...

38 CFR 200.4 - Implementation of NEPA and related authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... action reveals that air emissions exceed de minimis levels or otherwise that a formal Clean Air Act... RETIREMENT HOME COMPLIANCE WITH THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT § 200.4 Implementation of NEPA and... aquifers (potential sources of drinking water); National Wildlife Refuges; National Parks; areas of...

77 FR 34066 - Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree Under the Clean Air Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-08

... Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry and Organic Hazardous Air Pollutants for Equipment Leaks). The... Defendants to implement an Enhanced Leak Detection and Repair Program to mitigate any potential excess emissions resulting from past CAA violations; implement controls on an API oil/water separator as additional...

40 CFR 35.917-6 - Acceptance by implementing governmental units.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Acceptance by implementing governmental units. 35.917-6 Section 35.917-6 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL ASSISTANCE Grants for Construction of Treatment Works-Clean...

40 CFR 96.201 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... TRADING PROGRAM AND CAIR NOX AND SO2 TRADING PROGRAMS FOR STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLANS CAIR SO2 Trading..., and opt-in provisions for the State Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) SO2 Trading Program, under... the Administrator to assist the State in implementing the CAIR SO2 Trading Program by carrying out the...

78 FR 73445 - Disapproval, Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan Revisions...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-06

...] Disapproval, Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan Revisions; Infrastructure... State of Wyoming to demonstrate that the SIP meets the infrastructure requirements of the Clean Air Act... revised NAAQS is promulgated, review their SIPs to ensure that they meet infrastructure requirements. The...

78 FR 6784 - Revisions to the California State Implementation Plan, Placer County Air Pollution Control District

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-31

... the California State Implementation Plan, Placer County Air Pollution Control District AGENCY... the Placer County Air Pollution Control District (PCAPCD) portion of the California State... regulate this emission source under the Clean Air Act (CAA or the Act). DATES: Any comments on this...

40 CFR 49.11050 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10650 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.11080 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10170 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10350 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.9930 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

76 FR 20906 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-14

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION... Clean Air Act. Indiana submitted revisions to the particulate matter (PM) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2...: Douglas Aburano, Chief, Control Strategies Section, Air Programs Branch (AR-18J), U.S. Environmental...

DEEP WIDEBAND SINGLE POINTINGS AND MOSAICS IN RADIO INTERFEROMETRY: HOW ACCURATELY DO WE RECONSTRUCT INTENSITIES AND SPECTRAL INDICES OF FAINT SOURCES?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rau, U.; Bhatnagar, S.; Owen, F. N., E-mail: rurvashi@nrao.edu

Many deep wideband wide-field radio interferometric surveys are being designed to accurately measure intensities, spectral indices, and polarization properties of faint source populations. In this paper, we compare various wideband imaging methods to evaluate the accuracy to which intensities and spectral indices of sources close to the confusion limit can be reconstructed. We simulated a wideband single-pointing (C-array, L-Band (1–2 GHz)) and 46-pointing mosaic (D-array, C-Band (4–8 GHz)) JVLA observation using a realistic brightness distribution ranging from 1 μ Jy to 100 mJy and time-, frequency-, polarization-, and direction-dependent instrumental effects. The main results from these comparisons are (a) errors in themore » reconstructed intensities and spectral indices are larger for weaker sources even in the absence of simulated noise, (b) errors are systematically lower for joint reconstruction methods (such as Multi-Term Multi-Frequency-Synthesis (MT-MFS)) along with A-Projection for accurate primary beam correction, and (c) use of MT-MFS for image reconstruction eliminates Clean-bias (which is present otherwise). Auxiliary tests include solutions for deficiencies of data partitioning methods (e.g., the use of masks to remove clean bias and hybrid methods to remove sidelobes from sources left un-deconvolved), the effect of sources not at pixel centers, and the consequences of various other numerical approximations within software implementations. This paper also demonstrates the level of detail at which such simulations must be done in order to reflect reality, enable one to systematically identify specific reasons for every trend that is observed, and to estimate scientifically defensible imaging performance metrics and the associated computational complexity of the algorithms/analysis procedures.« less

Prevention of occupational dermatitis.

PubMed

Sartorelli, P; Kezic, S; Larese Filon, F; John, S M

2011-01-01

Occupational dermatitis is among the most frequent occupational diseases. Dermal exposure risk affects many professional categories such as healthcare workers, hairdressers, bakers, cleaning and kitchen employees. The economical burden of occupational dermatitis (OD) is huge (greater than 5 billion Euro per year in Europe), comprising direct costs (treatment, compensation), as well as indirect costs due to sick leave and lack of productivity. A scientifically based preventive program consisting of skin protection during work, cleaning and skin care after work has generally been recommended to prevent occupational contact dermatitis. However the rate of reported occupational skin diseases seems unchanged in the recent years. In cases of impaired skin condition the secondary prevention (i.e. therapeutic treatment by dermatologists and health-educational intervention seminars) is fundamental. For cases of occupational dermatoses in which these outpatient prevention measures are not successful, interdisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation measures have been developed (tertiary individual prevention). In the past years, various pilot-concepts to improve occupational dermatitis prevention have been successfully put into practice focussing on interdisciplinary (dermatological and educational) skin protection training programmes for high-risk professions. Currently a multi-step intervention approach is implemented which is aiming at offering quick preventive help at all levels of severity of occupational contact dermatitis. Recent data reveals that there are reliable evidence-based options for multidisciplinary prevention and patient management of occupational dermatitis using a combined approach by a network of clinics, practices and statutory social insurance bodies. At this stage, it seemed reasonable to form a European joint initiative for skin prevention. Recently a European network of preventive dermatology (European Initiative for the Prevention of Occupational Skin Diseases-EPOS) has been organized based on the German experience in the specific field.

Water Quality Assessment and Management

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Overview of Clean Water Act (CWA) restoration framework including; water quality standards, monitoring/assessment, reporting water quality status, TMDL development, TMDL implementation (point & nonpoint source control)

Innovative technologies on fuel assemblies cleaning for sodium fast reactors: First considerations on cleaning process

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Simon, N.; Lorcet, H.; Beauchamp, F.

2012-07-01

Within the framework of Sodium Fast Reactor development, innovative fuel assembly cleaning operations are investigated to meet the GEN IV goals of safety and of process development. One of the challenges is to mitigate the Sodium Water Reaction currently used in these processes. The potential applications of aqueous solutions of mineral salts (including the possibility of using redox chemical reactions) to mitigate the Sodium Water Reaction are considered in a first part and a new experimental bench, dedicated to this study, is described. Anhydrous alternative options based on Na/CO{sub 2} interaction are also presented. Then, in a second part, amore » functional study conducted on the cleaning pit is proposed. Based on experimental feedback, some calculations are carried out to estimate the sodium inventory on the fuel elements, and physical methods like hot inert gas sweeping to reduce this inventory are also presented. Finally, the implementation of these innovative solutions in cleaning pits is studied in regard to the expected performances. (authors)« less

Cleaning frequency and the microbial load in ice-cream.

PubMed

Holm, Sonya; Toma, Ramses B; Reiboldt, Wendy; Newcomer, Chris; Calicchia, Melissa

2002-07-01

This study investigates the efficacy of a 62 h cleaning frequency in the manufacturing of ice-cream. Various product and product contact surfaces were sampled progressively throughout the time period between cleaning cycles, and analyzed for microbial growth. The coliform and standard plate counts (SPC) of these samples did not vary significantly over time after 0, 24, 48, or 62 h from Cleaning in Place (CiP). Data for product contact surfaces were significant for the SPC representing sample locations. Some of the variables in cleaning practices had significant influence on microbial loads. An increase in the number of flavors manufactured caused a decrease in SPC within the 24 h interval, but by the 48 h interval the SPC increased. More washouts within the first 24 h interval were favorable, as indicated by decreased SPC. The more frequently the liquefier was sanitized within the 62 h interval, the lower the SPC. This study indicates that food safety was not compromised and safety practices were effectively implemented throughout the process.

Efficacy of humidity retention bags for the reduced adsorption and improved cleaning of tissue proteins including prion-associated amyloid to surgical stainless steel surfaces.

PubMed

Secker, T J; Pinchin, H E; Hervé, R C; Keevil, C W

2015-01-01

Increasing drying time adversely affects attachment of tissue proteins and prion-associated amyloid to surgical stainless steel, and reduces the efficacy of commercial cleaning chemistries. This study tested the efficacy of commercial humidity retention bags to reduce biofouling on surgical stainless steel and to improve subsequent cleaning. Surgical stainless steel surfaces were contaminated with ME7-infected brain homogenates and left to dry for 15 to 1,440 min either in air, in dry polythene bags or within humidity retention bags. Residual contamination pre/post cleaning was analysed using Thioflavin T/SYPRO Ruby dual staining and microscope analysis. An increase in biofouling was observed with increased drying time in air or in sealed dry bags. Humidity retention bags kept both protein and prion-associated amyloid minimal across the drying times both pre- and post-cleaning. Therefore, humidity bags demonstrate a cheap, easy to implement solution to improve surgical instrument reprocessing and to potentially reduce associated hospital acquired infections.

Tonopah Test Range Air Monitoring: CY2016 Meteorological, Radiological, and Wind Transported Particulate Observations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chapman, Jenny; Nikolich, George; Shadel, Craig

In 1963, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (formerly the Atomic Energy Commission [AEC]), implemented Operation Roller Coaster on the Tonopah Test Range (TTR) and an adjacent area of the Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR) (formerly the Nellis Air Force Range). This operation resulted in radionuclide-contaminated soils at the Clean Slate I, II, and III sites. This report documents observations made during ongoing monitoring of radiological, meteorological, and dust conditions at stations installed adjacent to Clean Slate I and Clean Slate III, and at the TTR Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Range Operations Control (ROC) center. The primary objective ofmore » the monitoring effort is to determine if wind blowing across the Clean Slate sites is transporting particles of radionuclide-contaminated soil beyond the physical and administrative boundaries of the sites.« less

Low Activation Joining of SiC/SiC Composites for Fusion Applications: Thermomechanical Modeling of Dual-Phase Microstructures and Dissimilar Material Joints

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nguyen, Ba Nghiep; Henager, Charles H.; Kurtz, Richard J.

2016-09-30

Finite element (FE) continuum damage mechanics (CDM) models have been developed to simulate and model dual-phase joints and cracked joints for improved analysis of SiC materials in nuclear environments. This report extends the analysis from the last reporting cycle by including preliminary thermomechanical analyses of cracked joints and implementation of dual-phase damage models.

Development and Evaluation of Wide Clearance Braze Joints in Gamma Prime Alloys.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-03-01

from nickel base superalloys which contain significant amounts of aluminum and/or titanium . * These latter two elements, while imparting good hiqh...thermally induced tensile stress fatigue, their surfaces become covered with oxides (and sulfides) of the aluminum and titanium used to strengthen the alloys...process, it also cleans crack surfaces, and this opens a way to repair the very costly parts. Since the alloys contain aluminum and titanium , post- weld

A play and joint attention intervention for teachers of young children with autism: a randomized controlled pilot study.

PubMed

Wong, Connie S

2013-05-01

The aim of this study was to pilot test a classroom-based intervention focused on facilitating play and joint attention for young children with autism in self-contained special education classrooms. Thirty-three children with autism between the ages of 3 and 6 years participated in the study with their classroom teachers (n = 14). The 14 preschool special education teachers were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) symbolic play then joint attention intervention, (2) joint attention then symbolic intervention, and (3) wait-list control period then further randomized to either group 1 or group 2. In the intervention, teachers participated in eight weekly individualized 1-h sessions with a researcher that emphasized embedding strategies targeting symbolic play and joint attention into their everyday classroom routines and activities. The main child outcome variables of interest were collected through direct classroom observations. Findings indicate that teachers can implement an intervention to significantly improve joint engagement of young children with autism in their classrooms. Furthermore, multilevel analyses showed significant increases in joint attention and symbolic play skills. Thus, these pilot data emphasize the need for further research and implementation of classroom-based interventions targeting play and joint attention skills for young children with autism.

2007 Precision Strike PEO Summer Forum - Joint Perspectives on Precision Engagement

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-07-11

Status,” Colonel Richard Justice, USAF—Commander of the Miniature Munitions Systems Group (MMSG), Eglin Air Force Base “Unmanned Systems (UAS) Roadmap...Role in the Roadmap Implementation Methods & Processes Working Group Issues delineated in Implementation Plan form basis for JTEM methodology...Test and Evaluation JMETC – Joint Mission Environment Test Capability WG – Working Group DOT&E AT&L DOT&E Unclassified 5 Background: JTEM Problem

Joint Venture Health Plans May Give ACOs a Run for Their Money.

PubMed

Reinke, Thomas

2016-12-01

Joint venture plans are starting to demonstrate their ability to implement clinical management and financial management reforms. A JV health plan replaces the offloading of financial risk by health plans to ill-equipped providers with an executive-level cost management committee stated jointly by the hospital and payer.

Optimizing process and equipment efficiency using integrated methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

D'Elia, Michael J.; Alfonso, Ted F.

1996-09-01

The semiconductor manufacturing industry is continually riding the edge of technology as it tries to push toward higher design limits. Mature fabs must cut operating costs while increasing productivity to remain profitable and cannot justify large capital expenditures to improve productivity. Thus, they must push current tool production capabilities to cut manufacturing costs and remain viable. Working to continuously improve mature production methods requires innovation. Furthermore, testing and successful implementation of these ideas into modern production environments require both supporting technical data and commitment from those working with the process daily. At AMD, natural work groups (NWGs) composed of operators, technicians, engineers, and supervisors collaborate to foster innovative thinking and secure commitment. Recently, an AMD NWG improved equipment cycle time on the Genus tungsten silicide (WSi) deposition system. The team used total productive manufacturing (TPM) to identify areas for process improvement. Improved in-line equipment monitoring was achieved by constructing a real time overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) calculator which tracked equipment down, idle, qualification, and production times. In-line monitoring results indicated that qualification time associated with slow Inspex turn-around time and machine downtime associated with manual cleans contributed greatly to reduced availability. Qualification time was reduced by 75% by implementing a new Inspex monitor pre-staging technique. Downtime associated with manual cleans was reduced by implementing an in-situ plasma etch back to extend the time between manual cleans. A designed experiment was used to optimize the process. Time between 18 hour manual cleans has been improved from every 250 to every 1500 cycles. Moreover defect density realized a 3X improvement. Overall, the team achieved a 35% increase in tool availability. This paper details the above strategies and accomplishments.

A moving mesh unstaggered constrained transport scheme for magnetohydrodynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mocz, Philip; Pakmor, Rüdiger; Springel, Volker; Vogelsberger, Mark; Marinacci, Federico; Hernquist, Lars

2016-11-01

We present a constrained transport (CT) algorithm for solving the 3D ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations on a moving mesh, which maintains the divergence-free condition on the magnetic field to machine-precision. Our CT scheme uses an unstructured representation of the magnetic vector potential, making the numerical method simple and computationally efficient. The scheme is implemented in the moving mesh code AREPO. We demonstrate the performance of the approach with simulations of driven MHD turbulence, a magnetized disc galaxy, and a cosmological volume with primordial magnetic field. We compare the outcomes of these experiments to those obtained with a previously implemented Powell divergence-cleaning scheme. While CT and the Powell technique yield similar results in idealized test problems, some differences are seen in situations more representative of astrophysical flows. In the turbulence simulations, the Powell cleaning scheme artificially grows the mean magnetic field, while CT maintains this conserved quantity of ideal MHD. In the disc simulation, CT gives slower magnetic field growth rate and saturates to equipartition between the turbulent kinetic energy and magnetic energy, whereas Powell cleaning produces a dynamically dominant magnetic field. Such difference has been observed in adaptive-mesh refinement codes with CT and smoothed-particle hydrodynamics codes with divergence-cleaning. In the cosmological simulation, both approaches give similar magnetic amplification, but Powell exhibits more cell-level noise. CT methods in general are more accurate than divergence-cleaning techniques, and, when coupled to a moving mesh can exploit the advantages of automatic spatial/temporal adaptivity and reduced advection errors, allowing for improved astrophysical MHD simulations.

A constrained-gradient method to control divergence errors in numerical MHD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hopkins, Philip F.

2016-10-01

In numerical magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), a major challenge is maintaining nabla \\cdot {B}=0. Constrained transport (CT) schemes achieve this but have been restricted to specific methods. For more general (meshless, moving-mesh, ALE) methods, `divergence-cleaning' schemes reduce the nabla \\cdot {B} errors; however they can still be significant and can lead to systematic errors which converge away slowly. We propose a new constrained gradient (CG) scheme which augments these with a projection step, and can be applied to any numerical scheme with a reconstruction. This iteratively approximates the least-squares minimizing, globally divergence-free reconstruction of the fluid. Unlike `locally divergence free' methods, this actually minimizes the numerically unstable nabla \\cdot {B} terms, without affecting the convergence order of the method. We implement this in the mesh-free code GIZMO and compare various test problems. Compared to cleaning schemes, our CG method reduces the maximum nabla \\cdot {B} errors by ˜1-3 orders of magnitude (˜2-5 dex below typical errors if no nabla \\cdot {B} cleaning is used). By preventing large nabla \\cdot {B} at discontinuities, this eliminates systematic errors at jumps. Our CG results are comparable to CT methods; for practical purposes, the nabla \\cdot {B} errors are eliminated. The cost is modest, ˜30 per cent of the hydro algorithm, and the CG correction can be implemented in a range of numerical MHD methods. While for many problems, we find Dedner-type cleaning schemes are sufficient for good results, we identify a range of problems where using only Powell or `8-wave' cleaning can produce order-of-magnitude errors.

GPU-Based High-performance Imaging for Mingantu Spectral RadioHeliograph

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mei, Ying; Wang, Feng; Wang, Wei; Chen, Linjie; Liu, Yingbo; Deng, Hui; Dai, Wei; Liu, Cuiyin; Yan, Yihua

2018-01-01

As a dedicated solar radio interferometer, the MingantU SpEctral RadioHeliograph (MUSER) generates massive observational data in the frequency range of 400 MHz-15 GHz. High-performance imaging forms a significantly important aspect of MUSER’s massive data processing requirements. In this study, we implement a practical high-performance imaging pipeline for MUSER data processing. At first, the specifications of the MUSER are introduced and its imaging requirements are analyzed. Referring to the most commonly used radio astronomy software such as CASA and MIRIAD, we then implement a high-performance imaging pipeline based on the Graphics Processing Unit technology with respect to the current operational status of the MUSER. A series of critical algorithms and their pseudo codes, i.e., detection of the solar disk and sky brightness, automatic centering of the solar disk and estimation of the number of iterations for clean algorithms, are proposed in detail. The preliminary experimental results indicate that the proposed imaging approach significantly increases the processing performance of MUSER and generates images with high-quality, which can meet the requirements of the MUSER data processing. Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFE0100300), the Joint Research Fund in Astronomy (No. U1531132, U1631129, U1231205) under cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11403009 and 11463003).

Diversity of Anaerobic Microbes in Spacecraft Assembly Clean Rooms ▿ †

PubMed Central

Probst, Alexander; Vaishampayan, Parag; Osman, Shariff; Moissl-Eichinger, Christine; Andersen, Gary L.; Venkateswaran, Kasthuri

2010-01-01

Although the cultivable and noncultivable microbial diversity of spacecraft assembly clean rooms has been previously documented using conventional and state-of-the-art molecular techniques, the occurrence of obligate anaerobes within these clean rooms is still uncertain. Therefore, anaerobic bacterial communities of three clean-room facilities were analyzed during assembly of the Mars Science Laboratory rover. Anaerobic bacteria were cultured on several media, and DNA was extracted from suitable anaerobic enrichments and examined with conventional 16S rRNA gene clone library, as well as high-density phylogenetic 16S rRNA gene microarray (PhyloChip) technologies. The culture-dependent analyses predominantly showed the presence of clostridial and propionibacterial strains. The 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved from clone libraries revealed distinct microbial populations associated with each clean-room facility, clustered exclusively within gram-positive organisms. PhyloChip analysis detected a greater microbial diversity, spanning many phyla of bacteria, and provided a deeper insight into the microbial community structure of the clean-room facilities. This study presents an integrated approach for assessing the anaerobic microbial population within clean-room facilities, using both molecular and cultivation-based analyses. The results reveal that highly diverse anaerobic bacterial populations persist in the clean rooms even after the imposition of rigorous maintenance programs and will pose a challenge to planetary protection implementation activities. PMID:20228115

The Iowa Disinfection Cleaning Project: Opportunities, Successes, and Challenges of a Structured Intervention Program in 56 Hospitals.

PubMed

Carling, Philip; Herwaldt, Loreen A

2017-08-01

OBJECTIVE A diverse group of hospitals in Iowa implemented a program to objectively evaluate and improve the thoroughness of disinfection cleaning of near-patient surfaces. Administrative benefits of, challenges of, and impediments to the program were also evaluated. METHODS We conducted a prospective, quasi-experimental pre-/postintervention trial to improve the thoroughness of terminal room disinfection cleaning. Infection preventionists utilized an objective cleaning performance monitoring system (DAZO) to evaluate the thoroughness of disinfection cleaning (TDC) expressed as a proportion of objects confirmed to have been cleaned (numerator) to objects to be cleaned per hospital policy (denominator)×100. Data analysis, educational interventions, and objective performance feedback were modeled on previously published studies using the same monitoring tool. Programmatic analysis utilized unstructured and structured information from participants irrespective of whether they participated in the process improvement aspects to the program. RESULTS Initially, the overall TDC was 61% in 56 hospitals. Hospitals completing 1 or 2 feedback cycles improved their TDC percentages significantly (P90% for at least 38 months. A survey of infection preventionists found that lack of time and staff turnover were the most common reasons for terminating the study early. CONCLUSION The study confirmed that hospitals using this program can improve their TDC percentages significantly. Hospitals must invest resources to improve cleaning and to sustain their gains. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:960-965.

Ensemble machine learning and forecasting can achieve 99% uptime for rural handpumps

PubMed Central

Thomas, Evan A.

2017-01-01

Broken water pumps continue to impede efforts to deliver clean and economically-viable water to the global poor. The literature has demonstrated that customers’ health benefits and willingness to pay for clean water are best realized when clean water infrastructure performs extremely well (>99% uptime). In this paper, we used sensor data from 42 Afridev-brand handpumps observed for 14 months in western Kenya to demonstrate how sensors and supervised ensemble machine learning could be used to increase total fleet uptime from a best-practices baseline of about 70% to >99%. We accomplish this increase in uptime by forecasting pump failures and identifying existing failures very quickly. Comparing the costs of operating the pump per functional year over a lifetime of 10 years, we estimate that implementing this algorithm would save 7% on the levelized cost of water relative to a sensor-less scheduled maintenance program. Combined with a rigorous system for dispatching maintenance personnel, implementing this algorithm in a real-world program could significantly improve health outcomes and customers’ willingness to pay for water services. PMID:29182673

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Implementing Innovative Workplaces: Organizational Implications of Different Strategies. Workscape 21: The Ecology of New Ways of Working.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Becker, Franklin; Quinn, Kristen L.; Rappaport, Andrew J.; Sims, William R.

This document reports a study that examined implementation processes for new workplace practices--nonterritorial offices--in five international organizations in four countries. The organizations are IBM and Ernst & Young in the United Kingdom; Digital Equipment's Natural Office in Sweden; SOL Cleaning Company headquarters in Finland; and…

40 CFR 49.10830 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

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2010-07-01

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40 CFR 49.10990 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

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2010-07-01

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40 CFR 49.10440 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10320 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10770 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10140 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.11110 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10290 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10380 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10500 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.9870 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10590 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10200 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.9960 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... burning. (j) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (k) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (l) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10680 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10560 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10110 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... open burning. (h) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10930 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10960 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10530 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Section 49.135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10860 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....135Rule for emissions detrimental to public health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10740 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

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2010-07-01

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40 CFR 49.10710 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

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Stethoscope Hygiene: Practice and Attitude of Medical Students

PubMed Central

Gazibara, Tatjana; Radovanovic, Sanja; Maric, Gorica; Rancic, Biljana; Kisic-Tepavcevic, Darija; Pekmezovic, Tatjana

2015-01-01

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency and attitude of medical students towards cleaning their stethoscopes. Subjects and Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in the first week of December 2013. The study included 771 students (397 in their fourth and 374 in their sixth year) from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia. An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to students before the start of compulsory lessons in classrooms. Results 317 of the 397 fourth-year students (79.8%) and 306 of the 374 sixth-year students (81.9%) cleaned their stethoscope. The stethoscope diaphragm was most commonly cleaned, while the flexible tubing was the least commonly cleaned area, mainly using ethyl alcohol-based agents. The strongest positive attitude was observed for the statement ‘It is important that my stethoscope is clean’ (4.3 out of 5.0). A positive correlation (Spearman's ρ = 0.105) was observed between a higher frequency of cleaning and the stronger positive notion that a stethoscope should be cleaned. Conclusion A considerably high proportion of the students studied had ever cleaned their stethoscopes. Based on the students' responses, it would be useful to implement instructions on stethoscope hygiene in the regular practical curriculum with the aim of applying stethoscope disinfection in daily work. PMID:26202790

Cleaning and disinfection of patient care items, in relation to small animals.

PubMed

Weese, J Scott

2015-03-01

Patient care involves several medical and surgical items, including those that come into contact with sterile or other high-risk body sites and items that have been used on other patients. These situations create a risk for infection if items are contaminated, and the implications can range from single infections to large outbreaks. To minimize the risk, proper equipment cleaning, disinfection/sterilization, storage, and monitoring practices are required. Risks posed by different items; the required level of cleaning, disinfection, or sterilization; the methods that are available and appropriate; and how to ensure efficacy, must be considered when designing and implementing an infection control program. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Avoiding Title V permitting pitfalls

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Laswell, D.L.

1993-04-01

Title V of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments requires states to implement new air operating permit programs. States have a great deal of flexibility in developing their permit programs. Industry should work now to ensure that state programs contain the favorable aspects of the federal regulations and do not contain more stringent requirements that are not required under the Clean Air Act. This article outlines areas of the permit program that have the potential to handicap industry`s ability to expand.

Cleaning Hospital Room Surfaces to Prevent Health Care-Associated Infections: A Technical Brief.

PubMed

Han, Jennifer H; Sullivan, Nancy; Leas, Brian F; Pegues, David A; Kaczmarek, Janice L; Umscheid, Craig A

2015-10-20

The cleaning of hard surfaces in hospital rooms is critical for reducing health care-associated infections. This review describes the evidence examining current methods of cleaning, disinfecting, and monitoring cleanliness of patient rooms, as well as contextual factors that may affect implementation and effectiveness. Key informants were interviewed, and a systematic search for publications since 1990 was done with the use of several bibliographic and gray literature resources. Studies examining surface contamination, colonization, or infection with Clostridium difficile, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or vancomycin-resistant enterococci were included. Eighty studies were identified-76 primary studies and 4 systematic reviews. Forty-nine studies examined cleaning methods, 14 evaluated monitoring strategies, and 17 addressed challenges or facilitators to implementation. Only 5 studies were randomized, controlled trials, and surface contamination was the most commonly assessed outcome. Comparative effectiveness studies of disinfecting methods and monitoring strategies were uncommon. Future research should evaluate and compare newly emerging strategies, such as self-disinfecting coatings for disinfecting and adenosine triphosphate and ultraviolet/fluorescent surface markers for monitoring. Studies should also assess patient-centered outcomes, such as infection, when possible. Other challenges include identifying high-touch surfaces that confer the greatest risk for pathogen transmission; developing standard thresholds for defining cleanliness; and using methods to adjust for confounders, such as hand hygiene, when examining the effect of disinfecting methods.

Cleaning Hospital Room Surfaces to Prevent Health Care–Associated Infections

PubMed Central

Han, Jennifer H.; Sullivan, Nancy; Leas, Brian F.; Pegues, David A.; Kaczmarek, Janice L.; Umscheid, Craig A.

2015-01-01

The cleaning of hard surfaces in hospital rooms is critical for reducing health care–associated infections. This review describes the evidence examining current methods of cleaning, disinfecting, and monitoring cleanliness of patient rooms, as well as contextual factors that may affect implementation and effectiveness. Key informants were interviewed, and a systematic search for publications since 1990 was done with the use of several bibliographic and gray literature resources. Studies examining surface contamination, colonization, or infection with Clostridium difficile, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or vancomycinresistant enterococci were included. Eighty studies were identified—76 primary studies and 4 systematic reviews. Forty-nine studies examined cleaning methods, 14 evaluated monitoring strategies, and 17 addressed challenges or facilitators to implementation. Only 5 studies were randomized, controlled trials, and surface contamination was the most commonly assessed outcome. Comparative effectiveness studies of disinfecting methods and monitoring strategies were uncommon. Future research should evaluate and compare newly emerging strategies, such as self-disinfecting coatings for disinfecting and adenosine triphosphate and ultraviolet/fluorescent surface markers for monitoring. Studies should also assess patient-centered outcomes, such as infection, when possible. Other challenges include identifying high-touch surfaces that confer the greatest risk for pathogen transmission; developing standard thresholds for defining cleanliness; and using methods to adjust for confounders, such as hand hygiene, when examining the effect of disinfecting methods. PMID:26258903

Composite SAR imaging using sequential joint sparsity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sanders, Toby; Gelb, Anne; Platte, Rodrigo B.

2017-06-01

This paper investigates accurate and efficient ℓ1 regularization methods for generating synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Although ℓ1 regularization algorithms are already employed in SAR imaging, practical and efficient implementation in terms of real time imaging remain a challenge. Here we demonstrate that fast numerical operators can be used to robustly implement ℓ1 regularization methods that are as or more efficient than traditional approaches such as back projection, while providing superior image quality. In particular, we develop a sequential joint sparsity model for composite SAR imaging which naturally combines the joint sparsity methodology with composite SAR. Our technique, which can be implemented using standard, fractional, or higher order total variation regularization, is able to reduce the effects of speckle and other noisy artifacts with little additional computational cost. Finally we show that generalizing total variation regularization to non-integer and higher orders provides improved flexibility and robustness for SAR imaging.

Chemical cleaning/disinfection and ageing of organic UF membranes: a review.

PubMed

Regula, C; Carretier, E; Wyart, Y; Gésan-Guiziou, G; Vincent, A; Boudot, D; Moulin, P

2014-06-01

Membrane separation processes have become a basic unit operation for process design and product development. These processes are used in a variety of separation and concentration steps, but in all cases, the membranes must be cleaned regularly to remove both organic and inorganic material deposited on the surface and/or into the membrane bulk. Cleaning/disinfection is a vital step in maintaining the permeability and selectivity of the membrane in order to get the plant to its original capacity, to minimize risks of bacteriological contamination, and to make acceptable products. For this purpose, a large number of chemical cleaning/disinfection agents are commercially available. In general, these cleaning/disinfection agents have to improve the membrane flux to a certain extent. However, they can also cause irreversible damages in membrane properties and performances over the long term. Until now, there is considerably less literature dedicated to membrane ageing than to cleaning/disinfection. The knowledge in cleaning/disinfection efficiency has recently been improved. But in order to develop optimized cleaning/disinfection protocols there still remains a challenge to better understand membrane ageing. In order to compensate for the lack of correlated cleaning/disinfection and ageing data from the literature, this paper investigates cleaning/disinfection efficiencies and ageing damages of organic ultrafiltration membranes. The final aim is to provide less detrimental cleaning/disinfection procedures and to propose some guidelines which should have been taken into consideration in term of membrane ageing studies. To carry out this study, this article will detail the background of cleaning/disinfection and aging membrane topics in a first introductive part. In a second part, key factors and endpoints of cleaning/disinfection and aging membranes will be discussed deeply: the membrane role and the cleaning parameters roles, such as water quality, storing conditions, cleaning/disinfection/aging agents/conditions/protocols. The third and last part will be developed the parameters, methods and ways of characterization at our disposal and commonly used to develop and implement membrane cleaning and/or ageing studies. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Implementation of alternative bio-based fuels in aviation: The Clean Airports Program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shauck, M.E.; Zanin, M.G.

1997-12-31

The Renewable Aviation Fuels Development Center at Baylor University in Waco, Texas, was designated, in March 1996, by the US Department of Energy (US DOE) as the national coordinator of the Clean Airports Program. This program, a spin-off of the Clean Cities Program, was initiated to increase the use of alternative fuels in aviation. There are two major fuels used in aviation today, the current piston engine aviation gasoline, and the current turbine engine fuel. The environmental impact of each of these fuels is significant. Aviation Gasoline (100LL), currently used in the General Aviation piston engine fleet, contributes 100% ofmore » the emissions containing lead in the USA today. In the case of the turbine engine fuel (Jet fuel), there are two major environmental impacts to be considered: the local, in the vicinity of the airports, and the global impact on climate change. The Clean Airports Program was established to promote the use of clean burning fuels in order to achieve and maintain clean air at and in the vicinities of airports through the use of alternative fuel-powered air and ground transportation vehicles.« less

Non-aqueous cleaning solvent substitution

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meier, Gerald J.

1994-01-01

A variety of environmental, safety, and health concerns exist over use of chlorinated and fluorinated cleaning solvents. Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, and the Kansas City Division of AlliedSignal have combined efforts to focus on finding alternative cleaning solvents and processes which are effective, environmentally safe, and compliant with local, state, and federal regulations. An alternative solvent has been identified, qualified, and implemented into production of complex electronic assemblies, where aqueous and semi-aqueous cleaning processes are not allowed. Extensive compatibility studies were performed with components, piece-parts, and materials. Electrical testing and accelerated aging were used to screen for detrimental, long-term effects. A terpene, d-limonene, was selected as the solvent of choice, and it was found to be compatible with the components and materials tested. A brief history of the overall project will be presented, along with representative cleaning efficiency results, compatibility results, and residual solvent data. The electronics industry is constantly searching for proven methods and environmentally-safe materials to use in manufacturing processes. The information in this presentation will provide another option to consider on future projects for applications requiring high levels of quality, reliability, and cleanliness from non-aqueous cleaning processes.

Wideband RELAX and wideband CLEAN for aeroacoustic imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Yanwei; Li, Jian; Stoica, Petre; Sheplak, Mark; Nishida, Toshikazu

2004-02-01

Microphone arrays can be used for acoustic source localization and characterization in wind tunnel testing. In this paper, the wideband RELAX (WB-RELAX) and the wideband CLEAN (WB-CLEAN) algorithms are presented for aeroacoustic imaging using an acoustic array. WB-RELAX is a parametric approach that can be used efficiently for point source imaging without the sidelobe problems suffered by the delay-and-sum beamforming approaches. WB-CLEAN does not have sidelobe problems either, but it behaves more like a nonparametric approach and can be used for both point source and distributed source imaging. Moreover, neither of the algorithms suffers from the severe performance degradations encountered by the adaptive beamforming methods when the number of snapshots is small and/or the sources are highly correlated or coherent with each other. A two-step optimization procedure is used to implement the WB-RELAX and WB-CLEAN algorithms efficiently. The performance of WB-RELAX and WB-CLEAN is demonstrated by applying them to measured data obtained at the NASA Langley Quiet Flow Facility using a small aperture directional array (SADA). Somewhat surprisingly, using these approaches, not only were the parameters of the dominant source accurately determined, but a highly correlated multipath of the dominant source was also discovered.

Wideband RELAX and wideband CLEAN for aeroacoustic imaging.

PubMed

Wang, Yanwei; Li, Jian; Stoica, Petre; Sheplak, Mark; Nishida, Toshikazu

2004-02-01

Microphone arrays can be used for acoustic source localization and characterization in wind tunnel testing. In this paper, the wideband RELAX (WB-RELAX) and the wideband CLEAN (WB-CLEAN) algorithms are presented for aeroacoustic imaging using an acoustic array. WB-RELAX is a parametric approach that can be used efficiently for point source imaging without the sidelobe problems suffered by the delay-and-sum beamforming approaches. WB-CLEAN does not have sidelobe problems either, but it behaves more like a nonparametric approach and can be used for both point source and distributed source imaging. Moreover, neither of the algorithms suffers from the severe performance degradations encountered by the adaptive beamforming methods when the number of snapshots is small and/or the sources are highly correlated or coherent with each other. A two-step optimization procedure is used to implement the WB-RELAX and WB-CLEAN algorithms efficiently. The performance of WB-RELAX and WB-CLEAN is demonstrated by applying them to measured data obtained at the NASA Langley Quiet Flow Facility using a small aperture directional array (SADA). Somewhat surprisingly, using these approaches, not only were the parameters of the dominant source accurately determined, but a highly correlated multipath of the dominant source was also discovered.

Brushing Your Spacecrafts Teeth: A Review of Biological Reduction Processes for Planetary Protection Missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pugel, D. E. (Betsy); Rummel, J. D.; Conley, Catharine

2017-01-01

Much like keeping your teeth clean, where you brush away biofilms that your dentist calls "plaque," there are various methods to clean spaceflight hardware of biological contamination, known as biological reduction processes. Different approaches clean your hardware's "teeth" in different ways and with different levels of effectiveness. We know that brushing at home with a simple toothbrush is convenient and has a different level of impact vs. getting your teeth cleaned at the dentist. In the same way, there are some approaches to biological reduction that may require simple tools or more complex implementation approaches (think about sonicating or just soaking your dentures, vs. brushing them). There are also some that are more effective for different degrees of cleanliness and still some that have materials compatibility concerns. In this article, we review known and NASA-certified approaches for biological reduction, pointing out materials compatibility concerns and areas where additional research is needed.

Brushing Your Spacecrafts Teeth: A Review of Biological Reduction Processes for Planetary Protection Missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pugel, D.E. (Betsy); Rummel, J. D.; Conley, C. A.

2017-01-01

Much like keeping your teeth clean, where you brush away biofilms that your dentist calls plaque, there are various methods to clean spaceflight hardware of biological contamination, known as biological reduction processes. Different approaches clean your hardwares teeth in different ways and with different levels of effectiveness. We know that brushing at home with a simple toothbrush is convenient and has a different level of impact vs. getting your teeth cleaned at the dentist. In the same way, there are some approaches to biological reduction that may require simple tools or more complex implementation approaches (think about sonicating or just soaking your dentures, vs. brushing them). There are also some that are more effective for different degrees of cleanliness and still some that have materials compatibility concerns. In this article, we review known and NASA-certified approaches for biological reduction, pointing out materials compatibility concerns and areas where additional research is needed.

ESCAPE AS REINFORCEMENT AND ESCAPE EXTINCTION IN THE TREATMENT OF FEEDING PROBLEMS

PubMed Central

LaRue, Robert H; Stewart, Victoria; Piazza, Cathleen C; Volkert, Valerie M; Patel, Meeta R; Zeleny, Jason

2011-01-01

Given the effectiveness of putative escape extinction as treatment for feeding problems, it is surprising that little is known about the effects of escape as reinforcement for appropriate eating during treatment. In the current investigation, we examined the effectiveness of escape as reinforcement for mouth clean (a product measure of swallowing), escape as reinforcement for mouth clean plus escape extinction (EE), and EE alone as treatment for the food refusal of 5 children. Results were similar to those of previous studies, in that reinforcement alone did not result in increases in mouth clean or decreases in inappropriate behavior (e.g., Piazza, Patel, Gulotta, Sevin, & Layer, 2003). Increases in mouth clean and decreases in inappropriate behavior occurred when the therapist implemented EE independent of the presence or absence of reinforcement. Results are discussed in terms of the role of negative reinforcement in the etiology and treatment of feeding problems. PMID:22219525

An evaluation of two differential reinforcement procedures with escape extinction to treat food refusal.

PubMed

Patel, Meeta R; Piazza, Cathleen C; Martinez, Cheryl J; Volkert, Valerie M; Christine, M Santana

2002-01-01

Consumption of solids and liquids occurs as a chain of behaviors that may include accepting, swallowing, and retaining the food or drink. In the current investigation, we evaluated the relative effectiveness of differential reinforcement of the first behavior in the chain (acceptance) versus differential reinforcement for the terminal behavior in the chain (mouth clean). Three children who had been diagnosed with a feeding disorder participated. Acceptance remained at zero when differential reinforcement contingencies were implemented for acceptance or mouth clean. Acceptance and mouth clean increased for all 3 participants once escape extinction was added to the differential reinforcement procedures, independent of whether reinforcement was provided for acceptance or for mouth clean. Maintenance was observed in 2 children when escape extinction was removed from the treatment package. The mechanism by which consumption increased is discussed in relation to positive and negative reinforcement contingencies.

Storage and utilization patterns of cleaning products in the home: toxicity implications.

PubMed

Sawalha, Ansam F

2007-11-01

Cleaning products are used to achieve cleaner homes. However, they have been responsible for a considerable number of poisoning cases. The aims of this study were to investigate the storage and utilization patterns of cleaning products in the home, as well as the risk of adverse and toxic effects produced by them. This study has been performed using a questionnaire that was developed by the Poison Control and Drug Information Center (PCDIC). The questionnaire was distributed randomly in northern Palestine. The questionnaire included questions regarding storage, utilization habits, and the adverse effects experienced by respondents upon handling the cleaning products. All respondents utilized and stored cleaning products in their homes. Chlorine bleach and acidic cleaning products were the most common. Respondents stored cleaning products at different places in their homes, but most of those storage places were suboptimal and were within the reach of children. The daily utilization rate of cleaning products was 1.6+/-0.8 with chlorine bleach being the most commonly used. Of the respondents, 27% reported experiencing a wide range of acute adverse and toxic effects resulting from cleaning product use and that exposure occurred mainly via inhalation. Caustic substances, bleach, and kerosene were the agents mainly involved in producing these adverse and toxic effects. About half of those who experienced adverse and toxic effects sought medical help, and 22% of them were children younger than 6 years of age. Finally, most respondents reported mixing and discarding cleaning product leftovers and their containers improperly. Correct utilization and safer storage of cleaning products is encouraged. Several preventive strategies should be implemented in order to decrease the incidence of accidental harmful exposure that is due to cleaning agents. The role of the PCDIC is very important in the education, prevention, and management of cleaning product-induced adverse effects.

Biomechanics of an orthosis-managed cranial cruciate ligament-deficient canine stifle joint predicted by use of a computer model.

PubMed

Bertocci, Gina E; Brown, Nathan P; Mich, Patrice M

2017-01-01

OBJECTIVE To evaluate effects of an orthosis on biomechanics of a cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL)-deficient canine stifle joint by use of a 3-D quasistatic rigid-body pelvic limb computer model simulating the stance phase of gait and to investigate influences of orthosis hinge stiffness (durometer). SAMPLE A previously developed computer simulation model for a healthy 33-kg 5-year-old neutered Golden Retriever. PROCEDURES A custom stifle joint orthosis was implemented in the CrCL-deficient pelvic limb computer simulation model. Ligament loads, relative tibial translation, and relative tibial rotation in the orthosis-stabilized stifle joint (baseline scenario; high-durometer hinge]) were determined and compared with values for CrCL-intact and CrCL-deficient stifle joints. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence of orthosis hinge stiffness on model outcome measures. RESULTS The orthosis decreased loads placed on the caudal cruciate and lateral collateral ligaments and increased load placed on the medial collateral ligament, compared with loads for the CrCL-intact stifle joint. Ligament loads were decreased in the orthosis-managed CrCL-deficient stifle joint, compared with loads for the CrCL-deficient stifle joint. Relative tibial translation and rotation decreased but were not eliminated after orthosis management. Increased orthosis hinge stiffness reduced tibial translation and rotation, whereas decreased hinge stiffness increased internal tibial rotation, compared with values for the baseline scenario. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Stifle joint biomechanics were improved following orthosis implementation, compared with biomechanics of the CrCL-deficient stifle joint. Orthosis hinge stiffness influenced stifle joint biomechanics. An orthosis may be a viable option to stabilize a CrCL-deficient canine stifle joint.

Template-based automatic extraction of the joint space of foot bones from CT scan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Eunbi; Kim, Taeho; Park, Jinah

2016-03-01

Clean bone segmentation is critical in studying the joint anatomy for measuring the spacing between the bones. However, separation of the coupled bones in CT images is sometimes difficult due to ambiguous gray values coming from the noise and the heterogeneity of bone materials as well as narrowing of the joint space. For fine reconstruction of the individual local boundaries, manual operation is a common practice where the segmentation remains to be a bottleneck. In this paper, we present an automatic method for extracting the joint space by applying graph cut on Markov random field model to the region of interest (ROI) which is identified by a template of 3D bone structures. The template includes encoded articular surface which identifies the tight region of the high-intensity bone boundaries together with the fuzzy joint area of interest. The localized shape information from the template model within the ROI effectively separates the bones nearby. By narrowing the ROI down to the region including two types of tissue, the object extraction problem was reduced to binary segmentation and solved via graph cut. Based on the shape of a joint space marked by the template, the hard constraint was set by the initial seeds which were automatically generated from thresholding and morphological operations. The performance and the robustness of the proposed method are evaluated on 12 volumes of ankle CT data, where each volume includes a set of 4 tarsal bones (calcaneus, talus, navicular and cuboid).

Assessing vulnerability mapping and protection zones of karst spring waters and validating by the joint use of natural and artificial tracers. The case of Auta Spring (Southern Spain)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marín, Ana Isabel; Mudarra, Matías; Andreo, Bartolomé

2016-04-01

Delineation of protection zones for water supply and implementation of proper land-use practices in surrounding areas are crucial aspects for a sustainable use of valuable drinking water resources. This is even more important in karst aquifers, which are particularly sensitive to contamination, having a very low self-cleaning capacity due to their structure and hydrological behavior. Consequently, specific methodologies adapted to the particular characteristics of karst media are necessary. In this work, an approach for protection zoning of the pilot site of Auta karst spring (southern Spain) is proposed, based on the application of COP+K method for contamination vulnerability and validation of results by natural (organic) tracers of infiltration (NO3-, TOC, intrinsic fluorescence) and by a dye tracer test conducted on June, 2011 (injecting 500 mg uranine). The aquifer drained by Auta spring (8.5 km2) presents a complex geological structure, formed by Jurassic dolostones and limestones highly folded and fractured. Recharge takes place by the infiltration of rainfall through karst landforms and also by losses in an adjacent river when it flows over the carbonate outcrops (dye injection point). Drainage is mainly through several springs located at the southwest, including Auta spring and 5 overflow springs. The source vulnerability map obtained by applying COP+K method can be adopted as the baseline to delineate the protection zones, through the conversion from vulnerability classes to degrees of protection. Dye tracer test and natural tracers of infiltration corroborate that aquifer sectors influenced by the river can be extremely vulnerable to pollution, but also well-developed exokarst features. In fact, slight evidences of pollution have been detected during the study period, with relatively-high NO3- contents and high fluorescence linked to bacteriological activity in Auta spring water. The jointly use of natural and artificial tracers constitute a reliable and effective procedure for validating vulnerability mapping of karst systems and springs used for water supply. This procedure is meant to implement and to complement protection zone mapping, particularly in countries lacking guidelines for protecting the water resources of karst aquifers.

Effectiveness of infection prevention measures featuring advanced source control and environmental cleaning to limit transmission of extremely-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a Thai intensive care unit: An analysis before and after extensive flooding.

PubMed

Apisarnthanarak, Anucha; Pinitchai, Uayporn; Warachan, Boonyasit; Warren, David K; Khawcharoenporn, Thana; Hayden, Mary K

2014-02-01

Advanced source control (once-daily bathing and 4-times daily oral care with chlorhexidine aqueous solution) and thorough environmental cleaning were implemented in response to an increased incidence of colonization and infection with extremely drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii in a Thai medical intensive care unit (MICU). During the 12-month baseline period (P1), contact isolation, active surveillance for XDR A baumannii, cohorting of XDR A baumannii patients, twice-daily environmental cleaning with detergent-disinfectant, and antibiotic stewardship were implemented. In the 5.5-month intervention period (P2), additional measures were introduced. Sodium hypochlorite was substituted for detergent-disinfectant, and advanced source control was implemented. All interventions except cleaning with sodium hypochlorite were continued during the 12.5-month follow-up period (P3). Extensive flooding necessitating closure of the hospital for 2 months occurred between P2 and P3. A total of 1,365 patients were studied. Compared with P1 (11.1 cases/1,000 patient-days), the rate of XDR A baumannii clinical isolates declined in P2 (1.74 cases/1,000 patient-days; P < .001) and further in P3 (0.69 cases/1,000 patient-days; P < .001). Compared with P1 (12.15 cases/1,000 patient-days), the rate of XDR A baumannii surveillance isolates also declined in P2 (2.11 cases/1,000 patient-days; P < .001) and P3 (0.98 cases/1,000 patient-days; P < .001). Incidence of nosocomial infections remained stable. Six patients developed chlorhexidine-induced rash (1.4/1,000 patient-days); 31 patients developed mucositis (17.1/1,000 patient-days). These results support advanced source control and thorough environmental cleaning to limit colonization and infection with XDR A baumannii in MICUs in resource-limited settings. Copyright © 2014 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Direct adaptive control of a PUMA 560 industrial robot

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seraji, Homayoun; Lee, Thomas; Delpech, Michel

1989-01-01

The implementation and experimental validation of a new direct adaptive control scheme on a PUMA 560 industrial robot is described. The testbed facility consists of a Unimation PUMA 560 six-jointed robot and controller, and a DEC MicroVAX II computer which hosts the Robot Control C Library software. The control algorithm is implemented on the MicroVAX which acts as a digital controller for the PUMA robot, and the Unimation controller is effectively bypassed and used merely as an I/O device to interface the MicroVAX to the joint motors. The control algorithm for each robot joint consists of an auxiliary signal generated by a constant-gain Proportional plus Integral plus Derivative (PID) controller, and an adaptive position-velocity (PD) feedback controller with adjustable gains. The adaptive independent joint controllers compensate for the inter-joint couplings and achieve accurate trajectory tracking without the need for the complex dynamic model and parameter values of the robot. Extensive experimental results on PUMA joint control are presented to confirm the feasibility of the proposed scheme, in spite of strong interactions between joint motions. Experimental results validate the capabilities of the proposed control scheme. The control scheme is extremely simple and computationally very fast for concurrent processing with high sampling rates.

75 FR 232 - Finding of Failure To Submit Certain State Implementation Plans Required for the 1-Hour Ozone NAAQS

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-05

... Failure To Submit Certain State Implementation Plans Required for the 1-Hour Ozone NAAQS AGENCY...) for three ozone nonattainment areas to satisfy certain requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA) for the 1-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). To accompany this action we are issuing...

78 FR 77599 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Indiana State Board...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-24

... under the Clean Air Act (CAA), EPA is taking final action to approve state implementation plan (SIP... the background for this action? II. What action is EPA taking? III. Statutory and Executive Order... proposal to approve Indiana's state board provisions. II. What action is EPA taking? For the reasons...

77 FR 21913 - Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plans; Hawaii; Infrastructure Requirements for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-12

... Promulgation of State Implementation Plans; Hawaii; Infrastructure Requirements for the 1997 8-Hour Ozone and... requirements of Section 110(a)(1) and (2) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) for the 1997 8-hour ozone national ambient...): Air quality modeling and submission of modeling data. Section 110(a)(2)(L): Permitting fees. Section...

77 FR 25901 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Removal of the 1980...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-02

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78 FR 36440 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Tennessee; 110(a)(1) and (2) Infrastructure...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-18

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77 FR 21911 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Arizona; Prevention of Air Pollution...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-12

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40 CFR 49.10890 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139Rule for non-Title V... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10020 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139Rule for non-Title V... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10470 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139 Rule for non-Title V... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10230 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139Rule for non-Title V... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10260 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139Rule for non-Title V... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.9990 - Federally-promulgated regulations and Federal implementation plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or welfare. (i) Section 49.137Rule for air pollution episodes. (j) Section 49.138Rule for the registration of air pollution sources and the reporting of emissions. (k) Section 49.139Rule for non-Title V... AGENCY GRANTS AND OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TRIBAL CLEAN AIR ACT AUTHORITY Implementation Plans for Tribes...

40 CFR 49.10711 - Federal Implementation Plan for the Astaris-Idaho LLC Facility (formerly owned by FMC Corporation...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation. Bag leak detection guidance means Office of Air Quality Planning... FEDERAL ASSISTANCE INDIAN COUNTRY: AIR QUALITY PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT Implementation Plans for Tribes... the meaning accorded them under the Clean Air Act, except as follows: Astaris-Idaho or Astaris-Idaho...

Community-based environmental management for malaria control: evidence from a small-scale intervention in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

PubMed

Castro, Marcia C; Tsuruta, Atsuko; Kanamori, Shogo; Kannady, Khadija; Mkude, Sixbert

2009-04-08

Historically, environmental management has brought important achievements in malaria control and overall improvements of health conditions. Currently, however, implementation is often considered not to be cost-effective. A community-based environmental management for malaria control was conducted in Dar es Salaam between 2005 and 2007. After community sensitization, two drains were cleaned followed by maintenance. This paper assessed the impact of the intervention on community awareness, prevalence of malaria infection, and Anopheles larval presence in drains. A survey was conducted in neighbourhoods adjacent to cleaned drains; for comparison, neighbourhoods adjacent to two drains treated with larvicides and two drains under no intervention were also surveyed. Data routinely collected by the Urban Malaria Control Programme were also used. Diverse impacts were evaluated through comparison of means, odds ratios (OR), logistic regression, and time trends calculated by moving averages. Individual awareness of health risks and intervention goals were significantly higher among sensitized neighbourhoods. A reduction in the odds of malaria infection during the post-cleaning period in intervention neighbourhoods was observed when compared to the pre-cleaning period (OR = 0.12, 95% CI 0.05-0.3, p < 0.001). During the post-cleaning period, a higher risk of infection (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.4, p = 0.0069) was observed in neighbourhoods under no intervention compared to intervention ones. Eighteen months after the initial cleaning, one of the drains was still clean due to continued maintenance efforts (it contained no waste materials and the water was flowing at normal velocity). A three-month moving average of the percentage of water habitats in that drain containing pupae and/or Anopheles larvae indicated a decline in larval density. In the other drain, lack of proper resources and local commitment limited success. Although environmental management was historically coordinated by authoritarian/colonial regimes or by industries/corporations, its successful implementation as part of an integrated vector management framework for malaria control under democratic governments can be possible if four conditions are observed: political will and commitment, community sensitization and participation, provision of financial resources for initial cleaning and structural repairs, and inter-sectoral collaboration. Such effort not only is expected to reduce malaria transmission, but has the potential to empower communities, improve health and environmental conditions, and ultimately contribute to poverty alleviation and sustainable development.

[On practicability of implementing the speciality "podiatry" in traumatology and orthopedics].

PubMed

2011-01-01

The absence of single opinion concerning the classification of foot and ankle joint pathology does not permit to formulate universal and practical approach to the identification of pathological syndromes in case of patient foot lesion. The situation is aggravated by the unsolved issues related to the terminological definition of podiatry as a direction in orthopedics to solve the issues of foot and ankle joint pathology. In actual conditions the implementation of new technologies into the structure of traumatological orthopedics care is needed. This approach permits to combine the qualities of models of effective and optimized care to patients with foot and ankle joint pathology. The study of issue related to the systematization of podiatric pathology revealed that actually no single universal classification easy-to-use in practice exists. Hence the development of original applied working scheme of foot and ankle joint pathology is proposed.

Implementation of Kane's Method for a Spacecraft Composed of Multiple Rigid Bodies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stoneking, Eric T.

2013-01-01

Equations of motion are derived for a general spacecraft composed of rigid bodies connected via rotary (spherical or gimballed) joints in a tree topology. Several supporting concepts are developed in depth. Basis dyads aid in the transition from basis-free vector equations to component-wise equations. Joint partials allow abstraction of 1-DOF, 2-DOF, 3-DOF gimballed and spherical rotational joints to a common notation. The basic building block consisting of an "inner" body and an "outer" body connected by a joint enables efficient organization of arbitrary tree structures. Kane's equation is recast in a form which facilitates systematic assembly of large systems of equations, and exposes a relationship of Kane's equation to Newton and Euler's equations which is obscured by the usual presentation. The resulting system of dynamic equations is of minimum dimension, and is suitable for numerical solution by computer. Implementation is ·discussed, and illustrative simulation results are presented.

Airing 'clean air' in Clean India Mission.

PubMed

Banerjee, T; Kumar, M; Mall, R K; Singh, R S

2017-03-01

The submission explores the possibility of a policy revision for considering clean air quality in recently launched nationwide campaign, Clean India Mission (CIM). Despite of several efforts for improving availability of clean household energy and sanitation facilities, situation remain still depressing as almost half of global population lacks access to clean energy and proper sanitation. Globally, at least 2.5 billion people do not have access to basic sanitation facilities. There are also evidences of 7 million premature deaths by air pollution in year 2012. The situation is even more disastrous for India especially in rural areas. Although, India has reasonably progressed in developing sanitary facilities and disseminating clean fuel to its urban households, the situation in rural areas is still miserable and needs to be reviewed. Several policy interventions and campaigns were made to improve the scenario but outcomes were remarkably poor. Indian census revealed a mere 31% sanitation coverage (in 2011) compared to 22% in 2001 while 60% of population (700 million) still use solid biofuels and traditional cook stoves for household cooking. Further, last decade (2001-2011) witnessed the progress decelerating down with rural households without sanitation facilities increased by 8.3 million while minimum progress has been made in conversion of conventional to modern fuels. To revamp the sanitation coverage, an overambitious nationwide campaign CIM was initiated in 2014 and present submission explores the possibility of including 'clean air' considerations within it. The article draws evidence from literatures on scenarios of rural sanitation, energy practises, pollution induced mortality and climatic impacts of air pollution. This subsequently hypothesised with possible modification in available technologies, dissemination modes, financing and implementation for integration of CIM with 'clean air' so that access to both sanitation and clean household energy may be effectively addressed.

[Surface Cleaning and Disinfection in the Hospital. Improvement by Objective Monitoring and Intervention].

PubMed

Woltering, R; Hoffmann, G; Isermann, J; Heudorf, U

2016-11-01

Background and Objective: An assessment of cleaning and disinfection in hospitals by the use of objective surveillance and review of mandatory corrective measures was undertaken. Methods: A prospective examination of the cleaning and disinfection of surfaces scheduled for daily cleaning in 5 general care hospitals by use of an ultraviolet fluorescence targeting method (UVM) was performed, followed by structured educational and procedural interventions. The survey was conducted in hospital wards, operating theatres and intensive care units. Cleaning performance was measured by complete removal of UVM. Training courses and reinforced self-monitoring were implemented after the first evaluation. 6 months later, we repeated the assessment for confirmation of success. Results: The average cleaning performance was 34% (31/90) at base-line with significant differences between the 5 hospitals (11-67%). The best results were achieved in intensive care units (61%) and operating theatres (58%), the worst results in hospital wards (22%). The intervention significantly improved cleaning performance up to an average of 69% (65/94; +34.7%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 21.2-48.3; p<0.05), with differences between the hospitals (20-95%). The largest increase was achieved in hospital wards (+45%; CI 29.2-60.8; p<0.05). Improvements in operating theatres (+22.9%; CI 10.9-56.7) and intensive care units (+5.6%; CI 25.8-36.9) were statistically not significant. Conclusions: The monitoring of cleaning and disinfection of surfaces by fluorescence targeting is appropriate for evaluating hygiene regulations. An intervention can lead to a significant improvement of cleaning performance. As part of a strategy to improve infection control in hospitals, fluorescence targeting enables a simple inexpensive and effective surveillance of the cleaning performance and corrective measures. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

State and territorial use of ground-water strategy grant funds (Section 106 Clean Water Act). Technical report (Final)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1987-05-01

This document reports on the activities of States in FY 85 and 86 in developing and implementing State ground-water protection strategies using Clean Water Act Section 106 funds. Every State and all but one territory has participated in the program. Strategies have included emphasis on the need to consolidate State and local agency efforts, and to provide clear policy direction, greater public awareness and education concerning ground-water protection.

Clean Water Act (excluding Section 404). Environmental guidance program reference book: Revision 6

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1993-01-15

This Reference Book contains a current copy of the Clean Water Act (excluding Section 404) and those regulations that implement the statutes and appear to be most relevant to US Department of Energy (DOE) activities. The document is provided to DOE and contractor staff for informational purposes only and should not be interpreted as legal guidance. Updates that include important new requirements will be provided periodically. Questions concerning this Reference Book may be directed to Mark Petts, EH-231 (202/586-2609).

Clean Energy Solutions Center and SE4All: Partnering to Support Country Actions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

2016-05-01

Since 2012, the Clean Energy Solutions Center (Solutions Center) and Sustainable Energy for All (SE4All) have partnered to deliver information, knowledge and expert assistance to policymakers and practitioners in countries actively working to achieve SE4All objectives. Through SE4All efforts, national governments are implementing integrated country actions to strategically transform their energy markets. This fact sheet details the Solutions Center and SE4All partnership and available areas of technical assistance.

Synergistic Approach Integrating Joint Capabilities for USSOCOM Contingency Contracting: Construction Management Module

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-01

59 a. The Joint Uniform Lessons Learned System (JULLS) .........59 b. Acquisition Community Connection (ACC) ..........................59 c...Report ACC Acquisition Community Connection ADDIE Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate AFFARS Air Force Federal Acquisition Regulation...Operations J4 Logistics J5 Plans J6 Communications J8 Programming and Comptroller J&A Justification and Approval JARB Joint Acquisition

Bird Habitat Conservation at Various Scales in the Atlantic Coast Joint Venture

Treesearch

Andrew Milliken; Craig Watson; Chuck Hayes

2005-01-01

The Atlantic Coast Joint Venture is a partnership focused on the conservation of habitats for migratory birds within the Atlantic Flyway/Atlantic Coast Region from Maine south to Puerto Rico. In order to be effective in planning and implementing conservation in this large and diverse area, the joint venture must work at multiple spatial scales, from the largest ?...

Recommendations for rationalizing cleaning-in-place in the dairy industry: case study of an ultra-high temperature heat exchanger.

PubMed

Alvarez, N; Daufin, G; Gésan-Guiziou, G

2010-02-01

The objective of this work was to propose a new strategy, based on objective and rational arguments and calculations, that can be implemented by plant designers and operators in the dairy industry to reduce operating time and the volume and load of effluents. The strategy is based on the on-line and off-line use of sensors and tracers, the accuracy, relevance, and robustness of which were evaluated for each phase of the sequence used for cleaning an industrial sterilizer. The efficient duration of each phase of the cleaning sequence (management of the end of operation) and the sorting of the fluids (management of mixtures and destination of fluids) were determined in real time. As a result, significant reduction in total overall duration of the cleaning sequence, wastewater volume (waste volume was reduced by half), and detergent volume (caustic soda and acid was reduced by up to a few tens of kilograms per cleaning) was achievable. Copyright 2010 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A 14-year longitudinal study of the impact of clean indoor air legislation on state smoking prevalence, USA, 1997-2010.

PubMed

Becker, Craig M; Lee, Joseph G L; Hudson, Suzanne; Hoover, Jeanne; Civils, Donald

2017-06-01

While clean indoor air legislation at the state level is an evidence-based recommendation, only limited evidence exists regarding the impact of clean indoor air policies on state smoking prevalence. Using state smoking prevalence data from 1997 to 2010, a repeated measures observational analysis assessed the association between clean indoor air policies (i.e., workplace, restaurant, and bar) and state smoking prevalence while controlling for state cigarette taxes and year. The impacts from the number of previous years with any clean indoor air policy, the number of policies in effect during the current year, and the number of policies in effect the previous year were analyzed. Findings indicate a smoking prevalence predicted decrease of 0.13 percentage points (p=0.03) for each additional year one or more clean indoor air policies were in effect, a predicted decrease of 0.12 percentage points (p=0.09) for each policy in effect in the current year, and a predicted decrease of 0.22 percentage points (p=0.01) for each policy in effect in the previous year on the subsequent year. Clean indoor air policies show measurable associations with reductions in smoking prevalence within a year of implementation above and beyond taxes and time trends. Further efforts are needed to diffuse clean indoor air policies across states and provinces that have not yet adopted such policies. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Acceleration and torque feedback for robotic control - Experimental results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mclnroy, John E.; Saridis, George N.

1990-01-01

Gross motion control of robotic manipulators typically requires significant on-line computations to compensate for nonlinear dynamics due to gravity, Coriolis, centripetal, and friction nonlinearities. One controller proposed by Luo and Saridis avoids these computations by feeding back joint acceleration and torque. This study implements the controller on a Puma 600 robotic manipulator. Joint acceleration measurement is obtained by measuring linear accelerations of each joint, and deriving a computationally efficient transformation from the linear measurements to the angular accelerations. Torque feedback is obtained by using the previous torque sent to the joints. The implementation has stability problems on the Puma 600 due to the extremely high gains inherent in the feedback structure. Since these high gains excite frequency modes in the Puma 600, the algorithm is modified to decrease the gain inherent in the feedback structure. The resulting compensator is stable and insensitive to high frequency unmodeled dynamics. Moreover, a second compensator is proposed which uses acceleration and torque feedback, but still allows nonlinear terms to be fed forward. Thus, by feeding the increment in the easily calculated gravity terms forward, improved responses are obtained. Both proposed compensators are implemented, and the real time results are compared to those obtained with the computed torque algorithm.

Wabash River coal gasification repowering project -- first year operation experience

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Troxclair, E.J.; Stultz, J.

1997-12-31

The Wabash River Coal Gasification Repowering Project (WRCGRP), a joint venture between Destec Energy, Inc. and PSI Energy, Inc., began commercial operation in November of 1995. The Project, selected by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) under the Clean Coal Program (Round IV) represents the largest operating coal gasification combined cycle plant in the world. This Demonstration Project has allowed PSI Energy to repower a 1950`s vintage steam turbine and install a new syngas fired combustion turbine to provide 262 MW (net) of electricity in a clean, efficient manner in a commercial utility setting while utilizing locally mined highmore » sulfur Indiana bituminous coal. In doing so, the Project is also demonstrating some novel technology while advancing the commercialization of integrated coal gasification combined cycle technology. This paper discusses the first year operation experience of the Wabash Project, focusing on the progress towards achievement of the demonstration objectives.« less

APSIC Guidelines for environmental cleaning and decontamination.

PubMed

Ling, Moi Lin; Apisarnthanarak, Anucha; Thu, Le Thi Anh; Villanueva, Victoria; Pandjaitan, Costy; Yusof, Mohamad Yasim

2015-01-01

This document is an executive summary of APSIC Guidelines for Environmental Cleaning and Decontamination. It describes best practices in routine cleaning and decontamination in healthcare facilities as well as in specific settings e.g. management of patients with isolation precautions, food preparation areas, construction and renovation, and following a flood. It recommends the implementation of environmental hygiene program to keep the environment safe for patients, staff and visitors visiting a healthcare facility. Objective assessment of cleanliness and quality is an essential component of this program as a method for identifying quality improvement opportunities. Recommendations for safe handling of linen and bedding; as well as occupational health and safety issues are included in the guidelines. A training program is vital to ensure consistent adherence to best practices.

Climate Change Workgroup Reports and Presentations

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Climate Change Workgroup reports and presentations to discuss and identify the major issues and potential barriers to implementing the Prevention of Significant Deterioration program under the Clean Air Act for greenhouse gases.

Experience of international collaboration in preparation of masters in “Mechatronics” with call for funds from Tempus and Erasmus programs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhmud, V. A.; Frantsuzova, G. A.; Dimitrov, L. V.; Nosek, J.

2018-05-01

This paper reveals the main problems of creating and implementing double diploma programs between universities of Russia and Europe. Novosibirsk State Technical University implements such programs with Technical Universities of Sofia (Bulgaria) and Liberec (Czech Republic). The paper presents the latest results of this activity and discusses the possibilities of its development in the field of joint postgraduate training, as well as joint scientific research with the involvement of students and postgraduate.

Evaluation of the finite element software ABAQUS for biomechanical modelling of biphasic tissues.

PubMed

Wu, J Z; Herzog, W; Epstein, M

1998-02-01

The biphasic cartilage model proposed by Mow et al. (1980) has proven successful to capture the essential mechanical features of articular cartilage. In order to analyse the joint contact mechanics in real, anatomical joints, the cartilage model needs to be implemented into a suitable finite element code to approximate the irregular surface geometries of such joints. However, systematic and extensive evaluation of the capacity of commercial software for modelling the contact mechanics with biphasic cartilage layers has not been made. This research was aimed at evaluating the commercial finite element software ABAQUS for analysing biphasic soft tissues. The solutions obtained using ABAQUS were compared with those obtained using other finite element models and analytical solutions for three numerical tests: an unconfined indentation test, a test with the contact of a spherical cartilage surface with a rigid plate, and an axi-symmetric joint contact test. It was concluded that the biphasic cartilage model can be implemented into the commercial finite element software ABAQUS to analyse practical joint contact problems with biphasic articular cartilage layers.

Hazardous Air Pollutants

MedlinePlus

... Air Toxics Website Rules and Implementation Related Information Air Quality Data and Tools Clean Air Act Criteria Air ... Resources Visibility and Haze Voluntary Programs for Improving Air Quality Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, ...

The Role of Communication in Ensuring Sustained Behavior Change

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Webinar series on communications strategies and methods addresses how communications tools can be used throughout the implementation of climate and clean energy programs to achieve behavior change and ensure sustained.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sabau, Adrian S; Warren, Charles David; ERDMAN III, DONALD L

Due to its increased use in the automotive and aerospace industries, joining of Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polymer matrix Composites (CFPC) to metals demands enhanced surface preparation and control of surface morphology prior to joining. In this study, surfaces of both composite and aluminum were prepared for joining using a new laser based technique, in which the laser interference power profile was created by splitting the beam and guiding those beams to the sample surface by overlapping each other with defined angles to each other. Results were presented for the overlap shear testing of single-lap joints made with Al 5182 and CFPCmore » specimens whose surfaces prepared by (a) surface abrasion and solvent cleaning; and (b) laser-interference structured surfaces by rastering with a 4 mm laser beam at approximately 3.5 W power. CFPC specimens of T700S carbon fiber, Prepreg T70 epoxy, 4 or 5 ply thick, 0/90o plaques were used. Adhesive DP810 was used to bond Al and CFPC. The bondline was 0.25mm and the bond length was consistent among all joints produced. First, the effect of the laser speed on the joint performance was evaluated by laser-interference structure Al and CFPC surfaces with a beam angle of 3o and laser beam speeds of 3, 5, and 10 mm/s. For this sensitivity study, 3 joint specimens were used per each joint type. Based on the results for minimum, maximum, and mean values for the shear lap strength and maximum load for all the 9 joint types, two joint types were selected for further evaluations. Six additional joint specimens were prepared for these two joint types in order to obtain better statistics and the shear test data was presented for the range, mean, and standard deviation. The results for the single-lap shear tests obtained for six joint specimens, indicate that the shear lap strength, maximum load, and displacement at maximum load for those joints made with laser-interference structured surfaces were increased by approximately 14.8%, 16%, and 100%, respectively over those measured for the baseline joints.« less

Regulation by consensus: The expanded use of regulatory negotiation under the Clean Air Act

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Claiborne, M.L.

This article discusses the consensus building approach, which stems from the more formal regulatory negotiation process under the Negotiated Rulemaking Act of 1990, for improving air quality. The article uses as examples the joint plan to improve air quality and visibility in the Grand Canyon and 15 other national parks and wilderness areas in the SW USA, and the Southern Appalachian Mountain initiative tackling more complex issues including visibility, ground ozone, acid deposition, etc.

Quiet Clean Short-haul Experimental Engine (QCSEE) Under-The-Wing (UTW) composite nacelle subsystem test report. [to verify strength of selected composite materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stotler, C. L., Jr.; Johnston, E. A.; Freeman, D. S.

1977-01-01

The element and subcomponent testing conducted to verify the under the wing composite nacelle design is reported. This composite nacelle consists of an inlet, outer cowl doors, inner cowl doors, and a variable fan nozzle. The element tests provided the mechanical properties used in the nacelle design. The subcomponent tests verified that the critical panel and joint areas of the nacelle had adequate structural integrity.

Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Carbon Stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-07-10

nod. Before extracting spectra from fit a variety of spectral feature shapes using MgS considerably the images, we used the imclean software package...mined from neighboring pixels. In addition to the dust features , the IRS wavelength range also To extract spectra from the cleaned and differenced...Example of the extraction of the molecular bands and the SiC dust 24 jIm, and they avoid any potential problems at the joint be- feature from the spectrum

In situ plasma removal of surface contaminants from ion trap electrodes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Haltli, Raymond A.

2015-05-01

In this thesis, the construction and implementation of an in situ plasma discharge designed to remove surface contaminants from electrodes in an ion trapping experimental system is presented with results. In recent years, many advances have been made in using ion traps for quantum information processing. All of the criteria defined by DiVincenzo for using ion traps for implementing a quantum computer have been individually demonstrated, and in particular surface traps provide a scalable platform for ions. In order to be used for quantum algorithms, trapped ions need to be cooled to their motional (quantum mechanical) ground state. One ofmore » the hurdles in integrating surface ion traps for a quantum computer is minimizing electric field noise, which causes the ion to heat out of its motional ground state and which increases with smaller ion-to-electrode distances realized with surface traps. Surface contamination of trap electrodes is speculated to be the primary source of electric field noise. The main goal achieved by this work was to implement an in situ surface cleaning solution for surface electrode ion traps, which would not modify the ion trap electrode surface metal. Care was taken in applying the RF power in order to localize a plasma near the trap electrodes. A method for characterizing the energy of the plasma ions arriving at the ion trap surface is presented and results for plasma ion energies are shown. Finally, a method for quantifying the effectiveness of plasma cleaning of trap electrodes, using the surface analysis technique of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for measuring the amount and kind of surface contaminants, is described. A significant advantage of the trap electrode surface cleaning method presented here is the minimal changes necessary for implementation on a working ion trap experimental system.« less

What impact have tobacco control policies, cigarette price and tobacco control programme funding had on Australian adolescents' smoking? Findings over a 15-year period.

PubMed

White, Victoria M; Warne, Charles D; Spittal, Matthew J; Durkin, Sarah; Purcell, Kate; Wakefield, Melanie A

2011-08-01

To assess the impact of tobacco control policies relating to youth access, clean indoor air and tobacco advertising at point-of-sale and outdoors, in addition to cigarette price and per capita tobacco control spending, on adolescent smoking prevalence. Repeated cross-sectional surveys. Logistic regression analyses examined association between policies and smoking prevalence. Australia, 1990-2005. A nationally representative sample of secondary students (aged 12-17 years) participating in a triennial survey (sample size per survey range: 20 560 to 27 480). Students' report of past-month smoking. In each jurisdiction, extent of implementation of the three policies for the year of the survey was determined. For each survey year, national per capita tobacco control spending was determined and jurisdiction-specific 12-month change in cigarette price obtained. Extent of implementation of the three policy areas varied between states and over the survey years. Multivariate analyses that adjusted for demographic factors, year and all tobacco control variables showed that 12-month cigarette price increases [odds ratio (OR): 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97-0.99], greater per capita tobacco control spending (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99) and stronger implementation of clean indoor air policies (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.92-0.94) were associated with reduced smoking prevalence. Adult-directed, population-based tobacco control policies such as clean indoor air laws and increased prices of cigarettes, implemented as part of a well-funded comprehensive tobacco control programme are associated with lower adolescent smoking. © 2011 The Authors, Addiction © 2011 Society for the Study of Addiction.

The effect of subject measurement error on joint kinematics in the conventional gait model: Insights from the open-source pyCGM tool using high performance computing methods.

PubMed

Schwartz, Mathew; Dixon, Philippe C

2018-01-01

The conventional gait model (CGM) is a widely used biomechanical model which has been validated over many years. The CGM relies on retro-reflective markers placed along anatomical landmarks, a static calibration pose, and subject measurements as inputs for joint angle calculations. While past literature has shown the possible errors caused by improper marker placement, studies on the effects of inaccurate subject measurements are lacking. Moreover, as many laboratories rely on the commercial version of the CGM, released as the Plug-in Gait (Vicon Motion Systems Ltd, Oxford, UK), integrating improvements into the CGM code is not easily accomplished. This paper introduces a Python implementation for the CGM, referred to as pyCGM, which is an open-source, easily modifiable, cross platform, and high performance computational implementation. The aims of pyCGM are to (1) reproduce joint kinematic outputs from the Vicon CGM and (2) be implemented in a parallel approach to allow integration on a high performance computer. The aims of this paper are to (1) demonstrate that pyCGM can systematically and efficiently examine the effect of subject measurements on joint angles and (2) be updated to include new calculation methods suggested in the literature. The results show that the calculated joint angles from pyCGM agree with Vicon CGM outputs, with a maximum lower body joint angle difference of less than 10-5 degrees. Through the hierarchical system, the ankle joint is the most vulnerable to subject measurement error. Leg length has the greatest effect on all joints as a percentage of measurement error. When compared to the errors previously found through inter-laboratory measurements, the impact of subject measurements is minimal, and researchers should rather focus on marker placement. Finally, we showed that code modifications can be performed to include improved hip, knee, and ankle joint centre estimations suggested in the existing literature. The pyCGM code is provided in open source format and available at https://github.com/cadop/pyCGM.

The effect of subject measurement error on joint kinematics in the conventional gait model: Insights from the open-source pyCGM tool using high performance computing methods

PubMed Central

Dixon, Philippe C.

2018-01-01

The conventional gait model (CGM) is a widely used biomechanical model which has been validated over many years. The CGM relies on retro-reflective markers placed along anatomical landmarks, a static calibration pose, and subject measurements as inputs for joint angle calculations. While past literature has shown the possible errors caused by improper marker placement, studies on the effects of inaccurate subject measurements are lacking. Moreover, as many laboratories rely on the commercial version of the CGM, released as the Plug-in Gait (Vicon Motion Systems Ltd, Oxford, UK), integrating improvements into the CGM code is not easily accomplished. This paper introduces a Python implementation for the CGM, referred to as pyCGM, which is an open-source, easily modifiable, cross platform, and high performance computational implementation. The aims of pyCGM are to (1) reproduce joint kinematic outputs from the Vicon CGM and (2) be implemented in a parallel approach to allow integration on a high performance computer. The aims of this paper are to (1) demonstrate that pyCGM can systematically and efficiently examine the effect of subject measurements on joint angles and (2) be updated to include new calculation methods suggested in the literature. The results show that the calculated joint angles from pyCGM agree with Vicon CGM outputs, with a maximum lower body joint angle difference of less than 10-5 degrees. Through the hierarchical system, the ankle joint is the most vulnerable to subject measurement error. Leg length has the greatest effect on all joints as a percentage of measurement error. When compared to the errors previously found through inter-laboratory measurements, the impact of subject measurements is minimal, and researchers should rather focus on marker placement. Finally, we showed that code modifications can be performed to include improved hip, knee, and ankle joint centre estimations suggested in the existing literature. The pyCGM code is provided in open source format and available at https://github.com/cadop/pyCGM. PMID:29293565

Water accounting implementation: water footprint and water efficiency of the coffee shop in Indonesia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hendratno, S. P.; Agustine, Y.

2018-01-01

The purpose of this paper is for understand the water accounting practice in the company, especially beverage industry in Indonesia. The sample in this study is one coffee shop near Jakarta. Case study has been choosen as the method in this study. We collect data with semi-structured interview, observation, and survey about the water efficiency in the coffee shop. The operational officers such as barista, cashier, supervisor, and store manager are the respondents in this study. Operational management already understand about the importance of water efficiency in the coffee shop operation, but it can’t be implemented because their standard operation haven’t use the water efficiency as part of their procedures. The coffee shop’s operational standard in cleaning always takes much time and use so much water. The cleaning itself takes one until two hours each day only for cleaning bar and all operational equipment. This paper is for understand the water efficiency in the coffee shop with the focus is in their water footprint, operational standard that used every day in the coffee shop, and the connection between operational standard and the water efficiency.

Use of a fluorescent chemical as a quality indicator for a hospital cleaning program.

PubMed

Blue, Jennifer; O'Neill, Cindy; Speziale, Paul; Revill, Jeff; Ramage, Lee; Ballantyne, Lisa

2008-01-01

Hamilton Health Sciences is a large teaching hospital with over 1,000 beds and consists of three acute care sites, one Regional Cancer Center and two Rehabilitation/Chronic Care facilities. An environmental cleaning pilot project was initiated at the acute care Henderson site, following an outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) due to antibiotic-resistant organisms are increasing in Southern Ontario. Environmental cleaning plays a key role in eradicating resistant organisms that live in hospital environments, thereby helping to reduce HAIs. The environmental cleaning practices on the Orthopaedic Unit were identified as a contributing factor to the VRE outbreak after visual assessments were completed using a Brevis GlitterBug product, a chemical that fluoresces under an ultraviolet (UV) lamp. These findings led to a hospital-wide cleaning improvement initiative on all units except critical care areas. The GlitterBug potion was employed by Infection Control and Customer Support Services (CSS) as a tool to evaluate the daily cleaning of patient washrooms as well as discharge cleaning of contact precaution isolation rooms. Over a four-week period, the GlitterBug potion was applied to seven frequently touched standard targets in randomly selected patient bathrooms on each unit and 14 frequently touched targets prior to cleaning in the rooms used for isolation. The targets were then evaluated using the UV lamp to detect objects that were not cleaned and the results were recorded on a standardized form. The rate of targets cleaned versus the targets missed was calculated. The overall rate for daily cleaning of bathrooms and cleaning of isolation rooms was poor with only 23% of the targets cleaned. Based on these findings, several interventions were implemented. This resulted in a significant improvement in cleaning practices during the pilot project. Greater than 80% of the targets were cleaned compared to the baseline findings of 23%. Subsequently, nosocomial cases of VRE have declined despite the increased prevalence of VRE in the Hamilton and surrounding regions. The GlitterBug product is an effective tool to evaluate environmental cleaning and adherence to policies and procedures and this method was superior to previous visual inspection methods. The use of GlitterBug potion improved physical cleaning and enhanced staff contribution. The Brevis GlitterBug product was incorporated into the CSS environmental cleaning program at Hamilton Health Sciences as a quality indicator to monitor environmental cleaning practices.

Implementing Network-Centric Operations in Joint Task Forces: Changes in Joint Doctrine

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-16

the hierarchy, explaining the relationship between vertically connected components (Gibson, Ivancevich , and Donnelly 1973, 289). The flow of...John M. Ivancevich , and James H. Donnelly. 1973. Organizations: Structure, Processes, Behavior. Dallas, TX: Business Publication, Inc. Gonzales

WisDOT asphaltic mixture new specifications implementation : field compaction and density.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-06-01

The main research objectives of this study were to evaluate HMA Longitudinal Joint type, method and compaction data to produce specification recommendations that will ensure the highest density longitudinal joint, as well as evaluate and produce a sp...

Reducing urinary tract infections among female clean room workers.

PubMed

Su, Shih-Bin; Wang, Jiang-Nan; Lu, Chih-Wei; Guo, How-Ran

2006-09-01

A higher prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) was observed among clean room workers than among others in our previous study in 2001. We implemented intervention programs for reducing UTI and evaluated their effects 2 years later. We conducted an intervention study in four factories in the industrial park where the previous study was conducted and recruited participants from women workers who received annual health examinations at the clinic of the park. The intervention included health education programs during the new employee orientation and seasonal on-the-job training. We also implemented other measures, including placing posters in the workplace and disseminating knowledge of UTI prevention through e-mail and oral communications. One-on-one education was provided to workers who were found to have UTI in the previous study. All the 1666 qualified workers, including 1414 clean room workers and 252 nonclean room workers, agreed to participate. We found a similar prevalence (both 0.8%) of symptomatic UTIs (patients with clinical symptoms, such as voiding frequency, urgency, and burning sensation during voiding) in clean room and nonclean room workers. In the 366 participants who also participated in the previous study, we found a significant decrease in the prevalence of UTI (from 9.8% to 1.6%) and significant increases in the prevalence of water intake and urine voiding, three times or more during a shift (p < 0.001 for all McNemar tests). The interventions had achieved behavior modification and decreases in the prevalence of UTI.

77 FR 35285 - Approval of Air Quality Implementation Plan; Arizona; Attainment Plan for 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standard

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-13

... Quality Implementation Plan; Arizona; Attainment Plan for 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standard AGENCY: U.S... 1997 8-hour ozone national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) in the Phoenix-Mesa nonattainment area... required for ozone nonattainment areas under title I, part D, subpart 1 of the Clean Air Act (CAA) for the...

Fact Sheet on Revisions to the Clean Air Act Section 110 Submission Requirements for State Implementation Plans and Notice of Availability of an Option for Electronic Reporting

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

On February 3, 2015, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notified state, local and tribal air agencies that they have the option to submit state implementation plans (SIPs) using the EPA’s new electronic web-based SIP (eSIP) submission system.

Cleaning efficiency enhancement by ultrasounds for membranes used in dairy industries.

PubMed

Luján-Facundo, M J; Mendoza-Roca, J A; Cuartas-Uribe, B; Álvarez-Blanco, S

2016-11-01

Membrane cleaning is a key point for the implementation of membrane technologies in the dairy industry for proteins concentration. In this study, four ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with different molecular weight cut-offs (MWCOs) (5, 15, 30 and 50kDa) and materials (polyethersulfone and ceramics) were fouled with three different whey model solutions: bovine serum albumin (BSA), BSA plus CaCl2 and whey protein concentrate solution (Renylat 45). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasounds (US) on the membrane cleaning efficiency. The influence of ultrasonic frequency and the US application modes (submerging the membrane module inside the US bath or applying US to the cleaning solution) were also evaluated. The experiments were performed in a laboratory plant which included the US equipment and the possibility of using two membrane modules (flat sheet and tubular). The fouling solution that caused the highest fouling degree for all the membranes was Renylat 45. Results demonstrated that membrane cleaning with US was effective and this effectiveness increased at lower frequencies. Although no significant differences were observed between the two different US applications modes tested, slightly higher cleaning efficiencies values placing the membrane module at the bottom of the tank were achieved. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The applied technologies to access clean water for remote communities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rabindra, I. B.

2018-01-01

A lot of research is done to overcome the remote communities to access clean water, yet very little is utilized and implemented by the community. Various reasons can probably be made for, which is the application of research results is assessed less practical. The aims of this paper is seeking a practical approach, how to establish criteria for the design can be easier applied, at the proper locations, the simple construction, effectively producing a volume and quality of clean water designation. The methods used in this paper is a technological model assessment of treatment/filtering clean water produced a variety of previous research, to establish a model of appropriate technology for remote communities. Various research results collected from the study of literature, while the identification of opportunities and threats to its application is done using a SWOT analysis. This article discussion is looking for alternative models of clean water filtration technology from the previous research results, to be selected as appropriate technology, easily applied and bring of many benefits to the remote communities. The conclusions resulting from the discussion in this paper, expected to be used as the basic criteria of design model of clean water filtration technologies that can be accepted and applied effectively by the remote communities.

Rapanos v. United States & Carabell v. United States

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Documents associated with guidance for implementing the definition of waters of the United States under the Clean Water Act following the Rapanos v. United States, and Carabell v. United States Supreme Court decision.

Clean Streams in Southern Sonoma County

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This project broadens existing public/private partnerships to reduce pollutant loading at high-priority sites in the Sonoma Creek and Petaluma River watersheds by implementing activities called for in TMDLs for sediment, pesticides, and pathogens

23 CFR 633.101 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... projects, termination of a contract, and implementation of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, and other provisions as shall from time-to-time be required by law and regulation as...

23 CFR 633.101 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... projects, termination of a contract, and implementation of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, and other provisions as shall from time-to-time be required by law and regulation as...

Removal of volatile organic compounds (VOC`s) generated by Forest Product Industries using biofiltration technology

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gilliland, G.A.; Ramaswami, R.D.; Patel, D.N.

1995-12-31

Implementation of Clean Air Act Title V and the increasing environmental concerns of the public are imposing greater demands on the Forest Product industries to control their air emissions. As implementation of this Clean Air Act has begun, Forest Product Industries are recognizing the overall lack of historical emissions data, emissions testing information and knowledge of the economics of emission control technologies needed to reduce emissions. This study was undertaken to evaluate the types of VOC`s produced in drying and pressing wood composites, and determine how effective biofiltration technology could be used in reducing the levels of these products beforemore » they are released into the air. More specifically, the experiments were conducted to isolate microorganisms capable of degrading VOC`s and determine their biodegradation rates using bench scale biofilters.« less

[Surveillance and control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Spanish hospitals. A GEIH-SEIMC and SEMPSPH consensus document].

PubMed

Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús; Bischofberger, Cornelia; Alvarez-Lerma, Francisco; Asensio, Angel; Delgado, Teresa; García-Arcal, Dolores; García-Ortega, Lola; Hernández, M Jesús; Molina-Cabrillana, Jesús; Pérez-Canosa, Carmen; Pujol, Miquel

2008-05-01

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen, both in-hospital and in the community. Although there are several guidelines with recommendations for the control of this microorganism, the measures proposed are not uniformly implemented in Spanish hospitals. The objective of this document is to provide evidence-based recommendations that are applicable to Spanish hospitals, with the aim of reducing transmission of MRSA in our health care centers. The recommendations are divided into the following groups: surveillance, active detection of colonization in patients and health care workers, control measures for colonized or infected patients, decolonization therapy, environmental cleaning and disinfection, antimicrobial consumption, measures for non-hospitalized patients, and others. The main measures recommended include appropriate surveillance, hand hygiene, and implementation of active surveillance, contact precautions, and environmental cleaning.

The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harik, Elliot P.; McFatter, Justin; Sweeney, Daniel J.; Enriquez, Carlos F.; Taylor, Deneen M.; McCann, David S.

2010-01-01

The Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ) is a single-axis pointing mechanism used to orient the solar power generating arrays relative to the sun for the International Space Station (ISS). Approximately 83 days after its on-orbit installation, one of the two SARJ mechanisms aboard the ISS began to exhibit high drive motor current draw. Increased structural vibrations near the joint were also observed. Subsequent inspections via Extravehicular Activity (EVA) discovered that the nitrided case-hardened steel bearing race on the outboard side of the joint had extensive damage to one of its three rolling surfaces. A farreaching investigation of the anomaly was undertaken. The investigation included metallurgical inspections, coupon tests, traction kinematics tests, detailed bearing measurements, and thermal and structural analyses. The results of the investigation showed that the anomaly had most probably been caused by high bearing edge stresses that resulted from inadequate lubrication of the rolling contact. The profile of the roller bearings and the metallurgical properties of the race ring were also found to be significant contributing factors. To mitigate the impact of the damage, astronauts cleaned and lubricated the race ring surface with grease. This corrective action led to significantly improved performance of the mechanism both in terms of drive motor current and induced structural vibration.

The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harik, Elliot P.; McFatter, Justin; Sweeney, Daniel J.; Enriquez, Carlos F.; Taylor, Deneen M.; McCann, David S.

2010-01-01

The Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ) is a single-axis pointing mechanism used to orient the solar power generating arrays relative to the sun for the International Space Station (ISS). Approximately 83 days after its on-orbit installation, one of the two SARJ mechanisms aboard the ISS began to exhibit high drive motor current draw. Increased structural vibrations near the joint were also observed. Subsequent inspections via Extravehicular Activity (EVA) discovered that the nitrided case hardened steel bearing race on the outboard side of the joint had extensive damage to one of its three rolling surfaces. A far-reaching investigation of the anomaly was undertaken. The investigation included metallurgical inspections, coupon tests, traction kinematics tests, detailed bearing measurements, and thermal and structural analyses. The results of the investigation showed that anomaly had most probably been caused by high bearing edge stresses that resulted from inadequate lubrication of the rolling contact. The profile of the roller bearings and the metallurgical properties of the race ring were also found to be significant contributing factors. To mitigate the impact of the damage astronauts cleaned and lubricated the race ring surface with grease. This corrective action led to significantly improved performance of the mechanism both in terms of drive motor current and induced structural vibration.

Raman spectroscopy of dried synovial fluid droplets as a rapid diagnostic for knee joint damage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Esmonde-White, Karen A.; Mandair, Gurjit S.; Raaii, Farhang; Roessler, Blake J.; Morris, Michael D.

2008-02-01

Human synovial fluid droplets were investigated using drop deposition in combination with Raman spectroscopy. Following informed consent, synovial fluid was obtained from forty human patients with various severities of knee pain and/or osteoarthritis at the time of knee arthroscopy or total joint replacement. Synovial fluid was aspirated from the knee joint of each patient and stored at -80°C until examination by near-infrared Raman spectroscopy. Synovial fluid aspirates from the knee joint of each patient were deposited onto a clean fused silica microscope slide and the droplet dried under ambient laboratory conditions. Each droplet was illuminated by a line-focused or a ring-focused 785 nm laser. As the droplet dries, biofluid components segregated based on solubility differences and a deposit that is spatially heterogeneous was made. Spectra taken from the droplet edges and center were dominated by protein bands and showed the presence of at least two protein moieties in the droplet. Band area and band height ratios (1410 cm -1/1450 cm -1) showed the greatest change between specimens from patients with mild/early osteoarthritis compared to those with severe/late stage osteoarthritis. The greatest differences were found in the center of the droplet, which contains more soluble protein components than the edges.

75 FR 6250 - ITS Joint Program Office; Intelligent Transportation Systems Program Advisory Committee; Notice...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-08

... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ITS Joint Program Office; Intelligent Transportation Systems Program... the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Program Advisory Committee (ITSPAC). The Web conference... Transportation on all matters relating to the study, development, and implementation of intelligent...

Flight Set 360L006 STS-34 field joint protection system, thermal protection system, and systems tunnel components, volume 4

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilkinson, J. P.

1990-01-01

The performance of the thermal protection system, field joint protection system, and systems tunnel components of Flight Set 360L006, are documented, as evaluated by postflight hardware inspection. The condition of both motors was similar to previous flights. Sixteen aft edge hits were noted on the ground environment instrumentation thermal protection system. Each hit left a clean substrate, indicating that the damage was caused by nozzle severance debris and/or water impact. No National Space and Transporation System debris criteria for missing thermal protection system were violated. One 5.0 by 1.0 in. unbond was observed on the left hand center field joint K5NA closeout and was elevated to an in-flight anomaly (STS-34-M-4) by the NASA Ice/Debris team. Aft edge damage to the K5NA and an associated black streak indicate that burning debris from the nozzle severance system was the likely cause of the damage. Minor divots caused by debris were seen on previous flights, but this is the first occurrence of a K5NA unbond. Since the unbond occurred after booster separation there is no impact on flight safety and no corrective actions was taken. The right hand center field joint primary heater failed the dielectric withstanding voltage test after joint closeout. The heater was then disabled by opening the circuit breaker, and the redundant heater was used. The redundant heater performed nominally during the launch countdown. A similar condition occurred on Flight 4 when a secondary joint heater failed the dielectric withstanding voltage test.

Sodium inversion recovery MRI of the knee joint in vivo at 7T

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Madelin, Guillaume; Lee, Jae-Seung; Inati, Souheil; Jerschow, Alexej; Regatte, Ravinder R.

2010-11-01

The loss of proteoglycans (PG) in the articular cartilage is an early signature of osteoarthritis (OA). The ensuing changes in the fixed charge density in the cartilage can be directly linked to sodium concentration via charge balance. Sodium ions in the knee joint appear in two pools: in the synovial fluids or joint effusion where the ions are in free motion and bound within the cartilage tissue where the Na+ ions have a restricted motion. The ions in these two compartments have therefore different T1 and T2 relaxation times. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of a fluid-suppressed 3D ultrashort TE radial sodium sequence by implementing an inversion recovery (IR) preparation of the magnetization at 7T. This method could allow a more accurate and more sensitive quantification of loss of PG in patients with OA. It is shown that adiabatic pulses offer significantly improved performance in terms of robustness to B1 and B0 inhomogeneities when compared to the hard pulse sequence. Power deposition considerations further pose a limit to the RF inversion power, and we demonstrate in simulations and experiments how a practical compromise can be struck between clean suppression of fluid signals and power deposition levels. Two IR sequences with different types of inversion pulses (a rectangular pulse and an adiabatic pulse) were tested on a liquid phantom, ex vivo on a human knee cadaver and then in vivo on five healthy volunteers, with a (Nyquist) resolution of ∼3.6 mm and a signal-to-noise ratio of ∼30 in cartilage without IR and ∼20 with IR. Due to specific absorption rate limitations, the total acquisition time was ∼17 min for the 3D radial sequence without inversion or with the rectangular IR, and 24:30 min for the adiabatic IR sequence. It is shown that the adiabatic IR sequence generates a more uniform fluid suppression over the whole sample than the rectangular IR sequence.

Sodium inversion recovery MRI of the knee joint in vivo at 7T.

PubMed

Madelin, Guillaume; Lee, Jae-Seung; Inati, Souheil; Jerschow, Alexej; Regatte, Ravinder R

2010-11-01

The loss of proteoglycans (PG) in the articular cartilage is an early signature of osteoarthritis (OA). The ensuing changes in the fixed charge density in the cartilage can be directly linked to sodium concentration via charge balance. Sodium ions in the knee joint appear in two pools: in the synovial fluids or joint effusion where the ions are in free motion and bound within the cartilage tissue where the Na(+) ions have a restricted motion. The ions in these two compartments have therefore different T₁ and T₂ relaxation times. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of a fluid-suppressed 3D ultrashort TE radial sodium sequence by implementing an inversion recovery (IR) preparation of the magnetization at 7T. This method could allow a more accurate and more sensitive quantification of loss of PG in patients with OA. It is shown that adiabatic pulses offer significantly improved performance in terms of robustness to B₁ and B₀ inhomogeneities when compared to the hard pulse sequence. Power deposition considerations further pose a limit to the RF inversion power, and we demonstrate in simulations and experiments how a practical compromise can be struck between clean suppression of fluid signals and power deposition levels. Two IR sequences with different types of inversion pulses (a rectangular pulse and an adiabatic pulse) were tested on a liquid phantom, ex vivo on a human knee cadaver and then in vivo on five healthy volunteers, with a (Nyquist) resolution of ∼3.6 mm and a signal-to-noise ratio of ∼30 in cartilage without IR and ∼20 with IR. Due to specific absorption rate limitations, the total acquisition time was ∼17 min for the 3D radial sequence without inversion or with the rectangular IR, and 24:30 min for the adiabatic IR sequence. It is shown that the adiabatic IR sequence generates a more uniform fluid suppression over the whole sample than the rectangular IR sequence. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Clean Quantum and Classical Communication Protocols.

PubMed

Buhrman, Harry; Christandl, Matthias; Perry, Christopher; Zuiddam, Jeroen

2016-12-02

By how much must the communication complexity of a function increase if we demand that the parties not only correctly compute the function but also return all registers (other than the one containing the answer) to their initial states at the end of the communication protocol? Protocols that achieve this are referred to as clean and the associated cost as the clean communication complexity. Here we present clean protocols for calculating the inner product of two n-bit strings, showing that (in the absence of preshared entanglement) at most n+3 qubits or n+O(sqrt[n]) bits of communication are required. The quantum protocol provides inspiration for obtaining the optimal method to implement distributed cnot gates in parallel while minimizing the amount of quantum communication. For more general functions, we show that nearly all Boolean functions require close to 2n bits of classical communication to compute and close to n qubits if the parties have access to preshared entanglement. Both of these values are maximal for their respective paradigms.

Clean Air Markets - Compliance Query Wizard

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Compliance Query Wizard is part of a suite of Clean Air Markets-related tools that are accessible at http://ampd.epa.gov/ampd/. The Compliance module provides final compliance results. Using the Compliance Query Wizard, the user can find compliance information associated with specific programs, facilities, states or time frames. Quick Reports and Prepackaged Datasets are also available for data that are commonly requested. Final compliance results are available for all years since 1995 for the Acid Rain Program and for the various NOx trading programs EPA has operated since 1999.EPA's Clean Air Markets Division (CAMD) includes several market-based regulatory programs designed to improve air quality and ecosystems. The most well-known of these programs are EPA's Acid Rain Program and the NOx Programs, which reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx)-compounds that adversely affect air quality, the environment, and public health. CAMD also plays an integral role in the development and implementation of the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR).

Clean Air Markets - Allowances Query Wizard

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Allowances Query Wizard is part of a suite of Clean Air Markets-related tools that are accessible at http://camddataandmaps.epa.gov/gdm/index.cfm. The Allowances module allows the user to view allowance data associated with EPA's emissions trading programs. Allowance data can be specified and organized using the Allowance Query Wizard to find allowances information associated with specific accounts, companies, transactions, programs, facilities, representatives, allowance type, or by date. Quick Reports and Prepackaged Datasets are also available for data that are commonly requested.EPA's Clean Air Markets Division (CAMD) includes several market-based regulatory programs designed to improve air quality and ecosystems. The most well-known of these programs are EPA's Acid Rain Program and the NOx Programs, which reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx)-compounds that adversely affect air quality, the environment, and public health. CAMD also plays an integral role in the development and implementation of the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR).

Clean Air Markets - Quick Facts and Trends

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Quick Facts and Trends module is part of a suite of Clean Air Markets-related tools that are accessible at http://camddataandmaps.epa.gov/gdm/index.cfm. The Quick Facts and Trends module provides charts and graphs depicting national trends in emissions and heat input. The user can view, for example, data pertaining to the top annual and ozone season emitters of a selected pollutant, the number of units and facilities in a particular state, and trends in sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide emissions.EPA's Clean Air Markets Division (CAMD) includes several market-based regulatory programs designed to improve air quality and ecosystems. The most well-known of these programs are EPA's Acid Rain Program and the NOx Programs, which reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx)-compounds that adversely affect air quality, the environment, and public health. CAMD also plays an integral role in the development and implementation of the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR).

JOMAR: Joint Operations with Mobile Autonomous Robots

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-21

AFRL-AFOSR-JP-TR-2015-0009 JOMAR: Joint Operations with Mobile Autonomous Robots Edwin Olson UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Final Report 12/21/2015...SUBTITLE JOMAR: Joint Operations with Mobile Autonomous Robots 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER FA23861114024 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6...14. ABSTRACT Under this grant, we formulated and implemented a variety of novel algorithms that address core problems in multi- robot systems. These

Progress Evaluation of the National Estuary Program

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

A guidance to help the U.S. EPA determine whether the 28 programs included in NEP are making adequate progress implementing their CCMP and therefore merit continued funding under §320 of the Clean Water Act.

NREL Supports Native American Tribes in Clean Energy Transformational

Science.gov Websites

information to design, fund, and implement renewable energy systems," Ganion said. "And by actively receive a basic evaluative study from NREL on the emerging biomass gasification technology, as applied to

Risk Management Plan Rule

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

RMP implements Section 112(r) of the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments, and requires facilities that use extremely hazardous substances to develop a Risk Management Plan and revise/resubmit every five years. Find guidance, factsheets, training, and assistance.

Air Research

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA's air research provides the critical science to develop and implement outdoor air regulations under the Clean Air Act and puts new tools and information in the hands of air quality managers and regulators to protect the air we breathe.

Energy and Environment Guide to Action - Chapter 7.4: Customer Rates and Data Access

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Provides recommendations for designing, implementing, and evaluating utility rates and providing data access to support energy efficiency, CHP, and clean energy goals. State examples are included for reference.

Partners in the National Aquatic Resource Surveys

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is working with state, tribal, and other federal agencies to implement the National Aquatic Resource Surveys (NARS). States and tribes participate in these surveys through their Clean Water Act Section 106 Monitoring Initiative grants.

1994 Transportation/ Air Quality Conformity Finding

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1993-10-01

The purpose of this report is to document the finding that the transportation : plans and programs for the Albuquerque Metropolitan Planning Area (AMPA) are in : conformity with the applicable Clean Air Act implementation plans for the : nonattainmen...

76 FR 80404 - Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree Under the Clean Air Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-23

.... 7661-7661f, and Title V's implementing federal and state regulations, at a portland cement manufacturing plant located near Mojave, California. The proposed Decree resolves the United States' claims...

Solvent replacement for green processing.

PubMed Central

Sherman, J; Chin, B; Huibers, P D; Garcia-Valls, R; Hatton, T A

1998-01-01

The implementation of the Montreal Protocol, the Clean Air Act, and the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 has resulted in increased awareness of organic solvent use in chemical processing. The advances made in the search to find "green" replacements for traditional solvents are reviewed, with reference to solvent alternatives for cleaning, coatings, and chemical reaction and separation processes. The development of solvent databases and computational methods that aid in the selection and/or design of feasible or optimal environmentally benign solvent alternatives for specific applications is also discussed. Images Figure 2 Figure 3 PMID:9539018

Joint implementation: Biodiversity and greenhouse gas offsets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cutright, Noel J.

1996-11-01

One of the most pressing environmental issues today is the possibility that projected increases in global emissions of greenhouse gases from increased deforestation, development, and fossil-fuel combustion could significantly alter global climate patterns. Under the terms of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, signed in Rio de Janeiro during the June 1992 Earth Summit, the United States and other industrialized countries committed to balancing greenhouse gas emissions at 1990 levels in the year 2000. Included in the treaty is a provision titled “Joint Implementation,” whereby industrialized countries assist developing countries in jointly modifying long-term emission trends, either through emission reductions or by protecting and enhancing greenhouse gas sinks (carbon sequestration). The US Climate Action Plan, signed by President Clinton in 1993, calls for voluntary climate change mitigation measures by various sectors, and the action plan included a new program, the US Initiative on Joint Implementation. Wisconsin Electric decided to invest in a Jl project because its concept encourages creative, cost-effective solutions to environmental problems through partnering, international cooperation, and innovation. The project chosen, a forest preservation and management effort in Belize, will sequester more than five million tons of carbon dioxide over a 40-year period, will become economically selfsustaining after ten years, and will have substantial biodiversity benefits.

A Multiple Degree of Freedom Lower Extremity Isometric Device to Simultaneously Quantify Hip, Knee and Ankle Torques

PubMed Central

Sánchez, Natalia; Acosta, Ana Maria; Stienen, Arno H.A.

2015-01-01

Characterization of the joint torque coupling strategies used in the lower extremity to generate maximal and submaximal levels of torque at either the hip, knee or ankle is lacking. Currently, there are no available isometric devices that quantify all concurrent joint torques in the hip, knee and ankle of a single leg during maximum voluntary torque generation. Thus, joint-torque coupling strategies in the hip, knee and concurrent torques at ankle and/or coupling patterns at the hip and knee driven by the ankle have yet to be quantified. This manuscript describes the design, implementation and validation of a multiple degree of freedom, lower extremity isometric device (the MultiLEIT) that accurately quantifies simultaneous torques at the hip, knee and ankle. The system was mechanically validated and then implemented with two healthy control individuals and two post-stroke individuals to test usability and patient acceptance. Data indicated different joint torque coupling strategies used by both healthy individuals. In contrast, data showed the same torque coupling patterns in both post-stroke individuals, comparable to those described in the clinic. Successful implementation of the MultiLEIT can contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for abnormal movement patterns and aid in the design of therapeutic interventions. PMID:25163064

A universal six-joint robot controller

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bihn, D. G.; Hsia, T. C.

1987-01-01

A general purpose six-axis robotic manipulator controller was designed and implemented to serve as a research tool for the investigation of the practical and theoretical aspects of various control strategies in robotics. A 80286-based Intel System 310 running the Xenix operating servo software as well as the higher level software (e.g., kinematics and path planning) were employed. A Multibus compatible interface board was designed and constructed to handle I/O signals from the robot manipulator's joint motors. From the design point of view, the universal controller is capable of driving robot manipulators equipped with D.C. joint motors and position optical encoders. To test its functionality, the controller is connected to the joint motor D.C. power amplifier of a PUMA 560 arm bypassing completely the manufacturer-supplied Unimation controller. A controller algorithm consisting of local PD control laws was written and installed into the Xenix operating system. Additional software drivers were implemented to allow application programs access to the interface board. All software was written in the C language.

Replacement of HCFC-225 Solvent for Cleaning NASA Propulsion Oxygen Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mitchell, Mark A.; Lowrey, Nikki M.

2015-01-01

Since the 1990's, when the Class I Ozone Depleting Substance (ODS) chlorofluorocarbon-113 (CFC-113) was banned, NASA's rocket propulsion test facilities at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and Stennis Space Center (SSC) have relied upon hydrochlorofluorocarbon-225 (HCFC-225) to safely clean and verify the cleanliness of large scale propulsion oxygen systems. Effective January 1, 2015, the production, import, export, and new use of HCFC-225, a Class II ODS, was prohibited by the Clean Air Act. In 2012 through 2014, leveraging resources from both the NASA Rocket Propulsion Test Program and the Defense Logistics Agency - Aviation Hazardous Minimization and Green Products Branch, test labs at MSFC, SSC, and Johnson Space Center's White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) collaborated to seek out, test, and qualify a replacement for HCFC-225 that is both an effective cleaner and safe for use with oxygen systems. Candidate solvents were selected and a test plan was developed following the guidelines of ASTM G127, Standard Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen Systems. Solvents were evaluated for materials compatibility, oxygen compatibility, cleaning effectiveness, and suitability for use in cleanliness verification and field cleaning operations. Two solvents were determined to be acceptable for cleaning oxygen systems and one was chosen for implementation at NASA's rocket propulsion test facilities. The test program and results are summarized. This project also demonstrated the benefits of cross-agency collaboration in a time of limited resources.

Replacement of Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) -225 Solvent for Cleaning and Verification Sampling of NASA Propulsion Oxygen Systems Hardware, Ground Support Equipment, and Associated Test Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mitchell, Mark A.; Lowrey, Nikki M.

2015-01-01

Since the 1990's, when the Class I Ozone Depleting Substance (ODS) chlorofluorocarbon-113 (CFC-113) was banned, NASA's rocket propulsion test facilities at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and Stennis Space Center (SSC) have relied upon hydrochlorofluorocarbon-225 (HCFC-225) to safely clean and verify the cleanliness of large scale propulsion oxygen systems. Effective January 1, 2015, the production, import, export, and new use of HCFC-225, a Class II ODS, was prohibited by the Clean Air Act. In 2012 through 2014, leveraging resources from both the NASA Rocket Propulsion Test Program and the Defense Logistics Agency - Aviation Hazardous Minimization and Green Products Branch, test labs at MSFC, SSC, and Johnson Space Center's White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) collaborated to seek out, test, and qualify a replacement for HCFC-225 that is both an effective cleaner and safe for use with oxygen systems. Candidate solvents were selected and a test plan was developed following the guidelines of ASTM G127, Standard Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen Systems. Solvents were evaluated for materials compatibility, oxygen compatibility, cleaning effectiveness, and suitability for use in cleanliness verification and field cleaning operations. Two solvents were determined to be acceptable for cleaning oxygen systems and one was chosen for implementation at NASA's rocket propulsion test facilities. The test program and results are summarized. This project also demonstrated the benefits of cross-agency collaboration in a time of limited resources.

Water quality improvement policies: lessons learned from the implementation of Proposition O in Los Angeles, California

Treesearch

Mi-Hyun Park; Michael Stenstrom; Stephanie Pincetl

2009-01-01

This article evaluates the implementation of Proposition O, a stormwater cleanup measure, in Los Angeles, California. The measure was intended to create new funding to help the city comply with the Total Maximum Daily Load requirements under the federal Clean Water Act. Funding water quality objectives through a bond measure was necessary because the city had...

78 FR 63887 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Approval and Promulgation of State Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-25

..., revisions to the State of Iowa's State Implementation Plan (SIP), Title V program, and Clean Air Act (CAA..., subject to the requirements of sections 111(d) and 129 of the CAA, do not exist in the State; and... changes to the Title V program, pursuant to section 500 of the CAA. DATES: This rule is effective December...

Demonstration of an Environmentally Benign and Reduced Corrosion Runway Deicing Fluid

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

ADDRESS(ES) Enviromental Security Technology Certification Program: 901 North Stuart Street, Suite 303, Arlington, Virginia 22203 10. SPONSOR...IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES Users may express concern because the Battelle-RDF is new and they may have reservations because of its potential damage to...several drivers for implementing a new , more environmentally friendly RDF. 1.3.1 Water Pollution Reduction The Clean Water Act (CWA) and its

Towards plasma cleaning of ITER first mirrors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moser, L.; Marot, L.; Eren, B.; Steiner, R.; Mathys, D.; Leipold, F.; Reichle, R.; Meyer, E.

2015-06-01

To avoid reflectivity losses in ITER's optical diagnostic systems, on-site cleaning of metallic first mirrors via plasma sputtering is foreseen to remove deposit build-ups migrating from the main wall. In this work, the influence of aluminium and tungsten deposits on the reflectivity of molybdenum mirrors as well as the possibility to clean them with plasma exposure is investigated. Porous ITER-like deposits are grown to mimic the edge conditions expected in ITER, and a severe degradation in the specular reflectivity is observed as these deposits build up on the mirror surface. In addition, dense oxide films are produced for comparisons with porous films. The composition, morphology and crystal structure of several films were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The cleaning of the deposits and the restoration of the mirrors' optical properties are possible either with a Kaufman source or radio frequency directly applied to the mirror (or radio frequency plasma generated directly around the mirror surface). Accelerating ions of an external plasma source through a direct current applied onto the mirror does not remove deposits composed of oxides. A possible implementation of plasma cleaning in ITER is addressed.

A NASA/RAE cooperation in the development of a real-time knowledge-based autopilot

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Daysh, Colin; Corbin, Malcolm; Butler, Geoff; Duke, Eugene L.; Belle, Steven D.; Brumbaugh, Randal W.

1991-01-01

As part of a US/UK cooperative aeronautical research program, a joint activity between the NASA Dryden Flight Research Facility and the Royal Aerospace Establishment on knowledge-based systems was established. This joint activity is concerned with tools and techniques for the implementation and validation of real-time knowledge-based systems. The proposed next stage of this research is described, in which some of the problems of implementing and validating a knowledge-based autopilot for a generic high-performance aircraft are investigated.

Joint Common Architecture Demonstration (JCA Demo) Final Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-07-28

approach for implementing open systems [16], formerly known as the Modular Open Systems Approach (MOSA). OSA is a business and technical strategy to... TECHNICAL REPORT RDMR-AD-16-01 JOINT COMMON ARCHITECTURE DEMONSTRATION (JCA DEMO) FINAL REPORT Scott A. Wigginton... Modular Avionics .......................................................................... 5 E. Model-Based Engineering

32 CFR 199.1 - General provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., management control and coordination as required for CHAMPUS, and to develop, issue, and maintain regulations..., to consult with the Secretary of Defense or a designee and to approve and issue joint regulations... an issue joint regulations implementing 10 U.S.C., chapter 55. (iv) Office of CHAMPUS (OCHAMPUS). By...

32 CFR 199.1 - General provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., management control and coordination as required for CHAMPUS, and to develop, issue, and maintain regulations..., to consult with the Secretary of Defense or a designee and to approve and issue joint regulations... an issue joint regulations implementing 10 U.S.C., chapter 55. (iv) Office of CHAMPUS (OCHAMPUS). By...

32 CFR 199.1 - General provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., management control and coordination as required for CHAMPUS, and to develop, issue, and maintain regulations..., to consult with the Secretary of Defense or a designee and to approve and issue joint regulations... an issue joint regulations implementing 10 U.S.C., chapter 55. (iv) Office of CHAMPUS (OCHAMPUS). By...

Enhanced Cleaning and Education to Prevent Transmission of Clostridium difficile in Pediatrics

PubMed Central

Aslam, Anoshé; Melendez, Giselle; Wang, Min; Stell, Frederic; Kelly, Paulette; Killinger, James; Dannaoui, Aimee; Riedman, Scott; Lopez, Ruben; Ackerman, Jill; Chou, Alexander; Wexler, Leonard; Smith, David; Sanchez, Stacy; Robilotti, Elizabeth; Kamboj, Mini; Eagan, Janet

2017-01-01

Abstract Background Transmission of healthcare-associated Clostridium difficile infection (HA-CDI) has been shown to occur directly or indirectly through a contaminated environment. At a tertiary-care cancer center, HA-CDI rates were higher for pediatric units than for other general oncology units. To address the problem, a multidisciplinary team, including Infection Control, Nursing, and Environmental Services (EVS), was convened and identified refusals and room clutter as barriers to proper cleaning of rooms on the unit. Aim: The aim of this study seeks to reduce HA-CDI in the inpatient pediatrics setting through environmental and educational interventions. Methods In the first phase of the study from February to April 2016, a baseline assessment of prevalent environmental disinfection practices was made among Nursing, EVS, Physicians, and Patient Representatives. Based on this feedback, the following were implemented during Phase 2, from June through October 2016: 1) Unit-wide disinfection with bleach twice a day including common and high traffic areas; 2) Initiation of a “preferred time for cleaning” program to engage families; 3) Enhanced visitor and family education on PPE use; 4) Creation of a communication plan in case of refusal to clean rooms; and 5) Dedicated use of diaper scales. Results During the first phase of the study, the following barriers to cleaning were identified: 1) High refusal rate as cleaning was perceived as inconvenient by families due to timing; 2) Common perception among EVS staff that multiple requests for cleaning the room may appear intrusive to the families; 3) Excessive clutter in the room; 4) Lack of education regarding PPE use; and 5) Shared equipment for diapers. To overcome these barriers, several interventions as outlined in methods were implemented. In Phase 2, there were 0 cases of HA-CDI identified in pediatric patients starting in July through October, 2016. Conclusion Control of CDI on pediatric units poses unique challenges. Engagement of key stakeholders is essential to identify and meet these challenges and to devise effective strategies that will ultimately lead to reduced hospital-based transmission of CDI. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Raiders of the Lost Art -- Recovering and Implementing the Intellectual Lineage of Campaign Planning for 21st Century Joint Planning

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-10-30

American billionaire and financier Warren Buffett , “is the enemy of good thinking.”42 And there is “bad terminology” spilling from the pages of JP...be productive and become a meaningless catch-all word? 42 Warren Buffett , Berkshire Hathaway, 2001...Harrisburg, PA: The Telegraph Press (1940). Buffett , Warren . Berkshire Hathaway, 2001 Annual Report. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint

75 FR 29584 - Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree Under the Clean Air Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-26

... and violations of the Pennsylvania State Implementation Plan at a steel manufacturing facility in...) Cease operation of the Natrona steel manufacturing facility not later than November 30, 2010; (2) pay a...

Letter from EPA to All State Emergency Response Commissions

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Provides information related to the implementation of the Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act, and the Risk Management Program under Section 112r of the Clean Air Act, and suggestions for future actions.

Implementation of advanced LCNG fueling infrastructure in Texas along the I-35/NAFTA Clean Corridor Project. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Taylor, Stan; Hightower, Jared; Knight, Koby

This report documents the process of planning, siting, and permitting recent LCNG station projects; identifying existing constraints in these processes, and recommendations for improvements; LCNG operating history.

Beemsterboer Section 114 Information Request - Nov. 15, 2013

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Letter requiring Beemsterboer Slag Corporation to submit emissions data from its petroleum coke (petcoke) facility at 2900 East 100th St. in Chicago, IL; to determine compliance with the Clean Air Act and Illinois State Implementation Plan.

Infrastructure SIP Requirements and Guidance

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Clean Air Act requires states to submit SIPs that implement, maintain, and enforce a new or revised national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) within 3 years of EPA issuing the standard. The Infrastructure SIP is required for all states.

Advanced Materials in Support of EERE Needs to Advance Clean Energy Technologies Program Implementation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liby, Alan L; Rogers, Hiram

The goal of this activity was to carry out program implementation and technical projects in support of the ARRA-funded Advanced Materials in Support of EERE Needs to Advance Clean Energy Technologies Program of the DOE Advanced Manufacturing Office (AMO) (formerly the Industrial Technologies Program (ITP)). The work was organized into eight projects in four materials areas: strategic materials, structural materials, energy storage and production materials, and advanced/field/transient processing. Strategic materials included work on titanium, magnesium and carbon fiber. Structural materials included work on alumina forming austentic (AFA) and CF8C-Plus steels. The advanced batteries and production materials projects included work onmore » advanced batteries and photovoltaic devices. Advanced/field/transient processing included work on magnetic field processing. Details of the work in the eight projects are available in the project final reports which have been previously submitted.« less

Implementation of the Clean Water Act (concerning waiver provisions for municipal ocean dischargers). Hearings before the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives, Ninety-Seventh Congress, First and Second Sessions, September 8, 1981 (Los Angeles, Calif. ) and February 18, 1982 (Washington, D. C. )

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1983-01-01

Eighteen witnesses spoke at a field hearing in Los Angeles on a 1977 amendment to the Clean Water Act that would exempt municipalities discharging into the ocean from secondary-treatment requirements in order to save money. While the threat to the coastal environment and inhabitants from the discharge of sewage and sewage sludge were of concern, the major issue under investigation was the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) failure to grant the waivers. A second hearing in Washington, DC gave Thomas C. Jorling, former EPA associate administrator, an opportunity to respond to accusations that the EPA had deliberately obstructed implementation of themore » waiver and Congressional intent. (DCK)« less

Cosmological parameters from a re-analysis of the WMAP 7 year low-resolution maps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Finelli, F.; De Rosa, A.; Gruppuso, A.; Paoletti, D.

2013-06-01

Cosmological parameters from Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) 7 year data are re-analysed by substituting a pixel-based likelihood estimator to the one delivered publicly by the WMAP team. Our pixel-based estimator handles exactly intensity and polarization in a joint manner, allowing us to use low-resolution maps and noise covariance matrices in T, Q, U at the same resolution, which in this work is 3.6°. We describe the features and the performances of the code implementing our pixel-based likelihood estimator. We perform a battery of tests on the application of our pixel-based likelihood routine to WMAP publicly available low-resolution foreground-cleaned products, in combination with the WMAP high-ℓ likelihood, reporting the differences on cosmological parameters evaluated by the full WMAP likelihood public package. The differences are not only due to the treatment of polarization, but also to the marginalization over monopole and dipole uncertainties present in the WMAP pixel likelihood code for temperature. The credible central value for the cosmological parameters change below the 1σ level with respect to the evaluation by the full WMAP 7 year likelihood code, with the largest difference in a shift to smaller values of the scalar spectral index nS.

Association between Clean Indoor Air Laws and Voluntary Smokefree Rules in Homes and Cars

PubMed Central

Cheng, Kai-Wen; Okechukwu, Cassandra A.; McMillen, Robert; Glantz, Stanton A.

2013-01-01

Objectives This study examines the influence that smokefree workplaces, restaurants, and bars on the adoption of smokefree rules in homes and cars and whether the adoptions of home and car smokefree rule are associated. Methods Bivariate probit models were used to jointly estimate the likelihood of living in a smokefree home and having a smokefree car as a function of law coverage and other variables. Household data are from the nationally representative Social Climate Survey of Tobacco Control 2001, 2002, and 2004–2009; clean indoor air law data comes from the American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation Tobacco Control Laws Database. Results Both “full coverage” and “partial coverage” smokefree legislations are associated with an increased likelihood of having voluntary home and car smokefree rules compared with “no coverage”. The association between “full coverage” and smokefree rule in homes and cars is 5% and 4%, respectively, and the association between “partial coverage” and smokefree rule in homes and cars is 3% and 4%, respectively. There is a positive association between the adoption of home and car smokefree rules. Conclusions Clean indoor air laws provide the additional benefit of encouraging voluntary adoption of smokefree rules in homes and cars. PMID:24114562

Improving urban environment through public commitment toward the implementation of clean and healthy living behaviors.

PubMed

Hartini, Nurul; Ariana, Atika Dian; Dewi, Triana Kesuma; Kurniawan, Afif

2017-01-01

Some parts of northern Surabaya are slum areas with dense populations, and the majority of the inhabitants are from low-income families. The condition of these areas is seemingly different from the fact that Surabaya city has won awards for its cleanliness, healthy environment preservation, and maintenance. This study aimed at turning the researched site into a clean and healthy environment. The research was conducted using a quasi-experiment technique with a non-randomized design and pretest-posttest procedures. The research subjects were 121 inhabitants who actively participated in the public commitment and psychoeducation program initiated by the researchers to learn and practice clean and healthy living behaviors. The statistical data showed that there was a substantial increase in the aspects of public commitment ( t -value = 4.008, p = 0.001) and psychoeducation ( t -value = 4.038, p = 0.001) to begin and maintain a clean and healthy living behaviors. A public commitment in the form of a collective declaration to keep learning and practicing a clean and healthy living behaviors were achieved. This commitment followed by psychoeducation aimed at introducing and exercising such behaviors was found to have effectively increased the research subjects' awareness to actively participate in preserving environmental hygiene. Developing communal behaviors toward clean and healthy living in inhabitants residing in an unhealthy slum area was a difficult task. Therefore, public commitment and psychoeducation must be aligned with the formulation of continuous habits demonstrating a clean and healthy living behaviors. These habits include the cessation of littering while putting trash in its place, optimizing the usage of public toilets, planting and maintaining vegetation around the area, joining and contributing to the "garbage bank" program, and participating in the Green and Clean Surabaya competition.

10 CFR 1021.216 - Procurement, financial assistance, and joint ventures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... a decision on proposals and will include: (1) A brief discussion of the purpose of the procurement... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procurement, financial assistance, and joint ventures... POLICY ACT IMPLEMENTING PROCEDURES DOE Decisionmaking § 1021.216 Procurement, financial assistance, and...

Bayesian and Frequentist Methods for Estimating Joint Uncertainty of Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm Fitting Parameters

EPA Science Inventory

In this paper, we present methods for estimating Freundlich isotherm fitting parameters (K and N) and their joint uncertainty, which have been implemented into the freeware software platforms R and WinBUGS. These estimates were determined by both Frequentist and Bayesian analyse...

Availability of drinking water in US public school cafeterias.

PubMed

Hood, Nancy E; Turner, Lindsey; Colabianchi, Natalie; Chaloupka, Frank J; Johnston, Lloyd D

2014-09-01

This study examined the availability of free drinking water during lunchtime in US public schools, as required by federal legislation beginning in the 2011-2012 school year. Data were collected by mail-back surveys in nationally representative samples of US public elementary, middle, and high schools from 2009-2010 to 2011-2012. Overall, 86.4%, 87.4%, and 89.4% of students attended elementary, middle, and high schools, respectively, that met the drinking water requirement. Most students attended schools with existing cafeteria drinking fountains and about one fourth attended schools with water dispensers. In middle and high schools, respondents were asked to indicate whether drinking fountains were clean, and whether they were aware of any water-quality problems at the school. The vast majority of middle and high school students (92.6% and 90.4%, respectively) attended schools where the respondent perceived drinking fountains to be clean or very clean. Approximately one in four middle and high school students attended a school where the survey respondent indicated that there were water-quality issues affecting drinking fountains. Although most schools have implemented the requirement to provide free drinking water at lunchtime, additional work is needed to promote implementation at all schools. School nutrition staff at the district and school levels can play an important role in ensuring that schools implement the drinking water requirement, as well as promote education and behavior-change strategies to increase student consumption of water at school. Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Integration of Cleaner Production and Waste Water Treatment on Tofu Small Industry for Biogas Production using AnSBR Reactor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rahayu, Suparni Setyowati; Budiyono; Purwanto

2018-02-01

A research on developing a system that integrates clean production and waste water treatment for biogas production in tofu small industry has been conducted. In this research, tofu waste water was turned into biogas using an AnSBR reactor. Mud from the sewage system serves as the inoculums. This research involved: (1) workshop; (2) supervising; (3) technical meeting; (4) network meeting, and (5) technical application. Implementation of clean production integrated with waste water treatment reduced the amount of waste water to be treated in a treatment plant. This means less cost for construction and operation of waste water treatment plants, as inherent limitations associated with such plants like lack of fund, limited area, and technological issues are inevitable. Implementation of clean production prior to waste water treatment reduces pollution figures down to certain levels that limitations in waste water treatment plants can be covered. Results show that biogas in 16 days HRT in an AnSBR reactor contains CH4(78.26 %) and CO2 (20.16 %). Meanwhile, treatments using a conventional bio-digester result in biogas with 72.16 % CH4 and 18.12 % CO2. Hence, biogas efficiency for the AnSBR system is 2.14 times greater than that of a conventional bio-digester.

Assessment of forestry best management practices, I: stream water chemistry natural variability and fertilization influences

Treesearch

Erik Schilling; Daniel McLaughlin; Matt Cohen; Larry Korhnak; Paul Decker; Camille Flinders

2016-01-01

Nutrient pollution can be a leading cause of impairment to some U.S. waters. As a result, state and federal agencies are actively engaged in designing management programs and numeric nutrient criteria (NNC) to address nutrient impairments. Following implementation of the Clean Water Act, Florida, like other timber producing states, developed, tested and implemented...

Multi-project baselines for potential clean development mechanism projects in the electricity sector in South Africa

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Winkler, H.; Spalding-Fecher, R.; Sathaye, J.

2002-06-26

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) aims to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in order to ''prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system'' and promote sustainable development. The Kyoto Protocol, which was adopted in 1997 and appears likely to be ratified by 2002 despite the US withdrawing, aims to provide means to achieve this objective. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of three ''flexibility mechanisms'' in the Protocol, the other two being Joint Implementation (JI) and Emissions Trading (ET). These mechanisms allow flexibility for Annex I Parties (industrialized countries) to achieve reductions by extra-territorialmore » as well as domestic activities. The underlying concept is that trade and transfer of credits will allow emissions reductions at least cost. Since the atmosphere is a global, well-mixed system, it does not matter where greenhouse gas emissions are reduced. The CDM allows Annex I Parties to meet part of their emissions reductions targets by investing in developing countries. CDM projects must also meet the sustainable development objectives of the developing country. Further criteria are that Parties must participate voluntarily, that emissions reductions are ''real, measurable and long-term'', and that they are additional to those that would have occurred anyway. The last requirement makes it essential to define an accurate baseline. The remaining parts of section 1 outline the theory of baselines, emphasizing the balance needed between environmental integrity and reducing transaction costs. Section 2 develops an approach to multi-project baseline for the South African electricity sector, comparing primarily to near future capacity, but also considering recent plants. Five potential CDM projects are briefly characterized in section 3, and compared to the baseline in section 4. Section 5 concludes with a discussion of options and choices for South Africa regarding electricity sector baselines.« less

Deep Wideband Single Pointings and Mosaics in Radio Interferometry: How Accurately Do We Reconstruct Intensities and Spectral Indices of Faint Sources?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rau, U.; Bhatnagar, S.; Owen, F. N.

2016-11-01

Many deep wideband wide-field radio interferometric surveys are being designed to accurately measure intensities, spectral indices, and polarization properties of faint source populations. In this paper, we compare various wideband imaging methods to evaluate the accuracy to which intensities and spectral indices of sources close to the confusion limit can be reconstructed. We simulated a wideband single-pointing (C-array, L-Band (1-2 GHz)) and 46-pointing mosaic (D-array, C-Band (4-8 GHz)) JVLA observation using a realistic brightness distribution ranging from 1 μJy to 100 mJy and time-, frequency-, polarization-, and direction-dependent instrumental effects. The main results from these comparisons are (a) errors in the reconstructed intensities and spectral indices are larger for weaker sources even in the absence of simulated noise, (b) errors are systematically lower for joint reconstruction methods (such as Multi-Term Multi-Frequency-Synthesis (MT-MFS)) along with A-Projection for accurate primary beam correction, and (c) use of MT-MFS for image reconstruction eliminates Clean-bias (which is present otherwise). Auxiliary tests include solutions for deficiencies of data partitioning methods (e.g., the use of masks to remove clean bias and hybrid methods to remove sidelobes from sources left un-deconvolved), the effect of sources not at pixel centers, and the consequences of various other numerical approximations within software implementations. This paper also demonstrates the level of detail at which such simulations must be done in order to reflect reality, enable one to systematically identify specific reasons for every trend that is observed, and to estimate scientifically defensible imaging performance metrics and the associated computational complexity of the algorithms/analysis procedures. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.