Two T7-like Bacteriophages, K5-2 and K5-4, Each Encodes Two Capsule Depolymerases: Isolation and Functional Characterization.

PubMed

Hsieh, Pei-Fang; Lin, Hsiao-Hsuan; Lin, Tzu-Lung; Chen, Yi-Yin; Wang, Jin-Town

2017-07-04

Two Klebsiella bacteriophages K5-2 and K5-4, which are able to infect and grow on either capsular types K30/K69 and K5 or K8 and K5 of Klebsiella strains, were isolated and characterized. Each phage contained two open reading frames (ORFs), which encoded two putative capsule depolymerases, respectively. The first ORF encoded tail fiber proteins, which have K30/K69 depolymerase and K8 depolymerase activities. The second ORF encoded hypothetical proteins, which are almost identical in amino acid sequences, and have K5 depolymerase activity. Alcian blue staining of enzyme-treated capsular polysaccharides (CPS) showed that purified depolymerases can cleave purified Klebsiella CPS in vitro and liberate monosaccharaides. Capsule K5 deletion mutants were not lysed by either phage, suggesting that the capsule was essential for phage infection. Bacterial killing was observed when incubated Klebsiella strains with phages but not with purified depolymerases. Treatment with the K5-4 phage significantly increased the survival of mice infected with a K. pneumoniae K5 strain. In conclusion, two dual host-specific Klebsiella phages and their tailspikes exhibit capsule depolymerase activity were characterized. Each phage and phage-encoded depolymerase has specificity for capsular type K30/K69, K8 or K5, and could be used for the typing and treatment of K. pneumoniae infection.

Arizona Academic Standards, Grade 8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arizona Department of Education, 2009

2009-01-01

This publication contains the updated academic standards of Arizona for Grade 8. The contents of this document include the following: (1) The Arts Standard 2006--Grade 8; (2) Comprehensive Health Education/Physical Activity Standards 1997--Essentials (Grades 4-8); (3) Foreign and Native Language Standards 1997--Essentials (Grades 4-8); (4) Reading…

K-8 Collection.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Web Feet, 2001

2001-01-01

This annotated subject guide to Web sites for grades K-8 focuses on biography, dinosaurs, fairy tales and folk tales, history, math, science, and calendar connections for December observances. Specific grade levels are indicated for each annotation. (LRW)

4-H Wetland Wonders: A Water Quality Curriculum for Grades 4 and 5. Leader Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. Extension Service.

This document provides a water quality curriculum guide for grades 4 and 5. Contents include: (1) Wetlands Wonders Resource Library; (2) Introduction to Water Quality and Wetlands; (3) Water Words; (4) The Water Cycle; (5) Watersheds: Rain Coming and Going; (6) The Water Detective; (7) Ground Water; (8) What's Soil Got To Do with It?; (9) In the…

4 CFR 5.2 - Grade and pay retention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 4 Accounts 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Grade and pay retention. 5.2 Section 5.2 Accounts GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE PERSONNEL SYSTEM COMPENSATION § 5.2 Grade and pay retention. (a) Change of... employee's position for all purposes (including pay and pay administration, retirement, life insurance and...

Arizona Academic Standards, Grade 5

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arizona Department of Education, 2009

2009-01-01

This publication contains an updated academic standards of Arizona public schools for grade 5. The contents of this document include the following: (1) The Arts Standard 2006--Grade 5; (2) Comprehensive Health Education/Physical Activity Standards 1997--Essentials (Grades 4-8); (3) Foreign and Native Language Standards 1997--Foundations (Grades…

An Analysis of Large-Scale Writing Assessments in Canada (Grades 5-8)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Shelley Stagg; McClay, Jill; Main, Kristin

2011-01-01

This paper reports on an analysis of large-scale assessments of Grades 5-8 students' writing across 10 provinces and 2 territories in Canada. Theory, classroom practice, and the contributions and constraints of large-scale writing assessment are brought together with a focus on Grades 5-8 writing in order to provide both a broad view of…

Math and Economics: Implementing Authentic Instruction in Grades K-5

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Althauser, Krista; Harter, Cynthia

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study is to outline a partnership program that involved a local elementary school district, an institution of higher education, the local business community, and a state economic education advocacy group to integrate economics into math in grades K-5. The "Economics: Math in Real Life" program was provided in…

Developmental Changes in Cognitive Persistence and Academic Achievement between Grade 4 and Grade 8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jozsa, Krisztian; Morgan, George A.

2014-01-01

This study describes changes in cognitive persistence, a key measure of mastery motivation, between the ages of 10 (grade 4) and 14 (grade 8). Prior research in the field of mastery motivation has focused mainly on early childhood. No longitudinal research findings have been published about age changes in mastery motivation during the school…

Sexism in Textbooks in Pittsburgh Public Schools, Grades K-5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scardina, Florence

Thirty-six textbooks used by the Pittsburgh public schools at grade levels K-5 were reviewed to see how they treat girls vs. boys and men vs. women. Language, reading, science, social studies, and mathematics texts were evaluated. Blatant sexism is found in all areas. Different ideas of behavior and mores are propagated for boys than for girls;…

Let's Celebrate Autumn: Activities for Grades 4-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kern County Superintendent of Schools, Bakersfield, Ca. Div. of Instructional Services.

One of a series of activity guides, this publication offers a variety of learning activities and resource materials to help teachers and students celebrate special days and events in autumn. The activities and resources are especially designed to develop communications skills of students in grades 4-8; however, they are easily transferable to…

CURRICULUM GUIDE FOR SCIENCE, GRADES 4-5-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

GRAHAM, KATHRYN A.; AND OTHERS

COURSE CONTENT, ACTIVITIES, AND REFERENCE INFORMATION FOR TEACHING SCIENCE IN GRADES 4, 5, AND 6 ARE INCLUDED IN THIS VOLUME. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS RELATE TO AN APPROACH TO TEACHING SCIENCE AND THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THE SCIENCE PROGRAM. THE FIVE UNITS INCLUDED FOR GRADE 4 ARE (1) INSECTS AND SPIDERS, (2) LIVING THINGS OF SIMILAR AREAS, (3) THE…

K and Ba distribution in the structures of the clathrate compounds K(x)Ba(16-x)(Ga,Sn)136 (x = 0.8, 4.4, and 12.9) and K(x)Ba(8-x)(Ga,Sn)46 (x = 0.3).

PubMed

Schäfer, Marion C; Bobev, Svilen

2013-04-01

Studies of the K-Ba-Ga-Sn system produced the clathrate compounds K(0.8(2))Ba(15.2(2))Ga(31.0(5))Sn(105.0(5)) [a = 17.0178 (4) Å], K(4.3(3))Ba(11.7(3))Ga(27.4(4))Sn(108.6(4)) [a = 17.0709 (6) Å] and K(12.9(2))Ba(3.1(2))Ga(19.5(4))Sn(116.5(4)) [a = 17.1946 (8) Å], with the type-II structure (cubic, space group Fd3m), and K(7.7(1))Ba(0.3(1))Ga(8.3(4))Sn(37.7(4)) [a = 11.9447 (4) Å], with the type-I structure (cubic, space group Pm3n). For the type-II structures, only the smaller (Ga,Sn)24 pentagonal dodecahedral cages are filled, while the (Ga,Sn)28 hexakaidecahedral cages remain empty. The unit-cell volume is directly correlated with the K:Ba ratio, since an increasing amount of monovalent K occupying the cages causes a decreasing substitution of the smaller Ga in the framework. All three formulae have an electron count that is in good agreement with the Zintl-Klemm rules. For the type-I compound, all framework sites are occupied by a mixture of Ga and Sn atoms, with Ga showing a preference for Wyckoff site 6c. The (Ga,Sn)20 pentagonal dodecahedral cages are occupied by statistically disordered K and Ba atoms, while the (Ga,Sn)24 tetrakaidecahedral cages encapsulate only K atoms. Large anisotropic displacement parameters for K in the latter cages suggest an off-centering of the guest atoms.

Elementary Acid Rain Kit, Interdisciplinary, Grades 4-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stubbs, Harriett S.; And Others

An interdisciplinary approach for teaching about acid rain is offered in this curriculum guide for teachers of grades 4-8. Skill and concept areas of science, math, social studies, art, and the language arts are developed in 12 activities which focus on the acid rain problems. A matrix of the activities and subject areas indicates the coverage…

K-8th Grade Korean Students' Conceptions of 'Changes of State' and 'Conditions for Changes of State'. Research Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paik, Seoung-Hey; Kim, Hyo-Nam; Cho, Boo-Kyoung; Park, Jae-Won

2004-01-01

This study investigates the various conceptions held by K-8th Korean grade students regarding the 'changes of state' and the 'conditions for changes of state'. The study used a sample of five kindergarteners, five secondgrade students, five fourth-grade students, five sixth-grade students, and five eighth-grade students. The 25 students attend…

Three-Year Study of Students' Attitudes toward Physical Education: Grades 4-8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mercier, Kevin; Donovan, Corinne; Gibbone, Anne; Rozga, Kimberly

2017-01-01

Purpose: A relationship exists between attitudes toward physical education and future physical activity. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in attitude toward physical education as students progressed from upper elementary school (Grade 4) through middle school (Grade 8). Method: Three cohorts of students (Cohort 1, Grades 4-6,…

PhysicsFun4K24

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-07-31

2012 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2012 to 00-00-2012 4 . TITLE AND SUBTITLE PhysicsFun4K24 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c... 4 3.1 Story Space– Navy Leap Frogs ............................................................................................ 4 ...3.2 Curriculum Space - Force and Motion ................................................................................ 4 3.2.1 First Grade, parts

Atomic data of intermediate autoionzing Rydberg series nf[K]J (n = 4, 5), nd[K]J (n = 5, 6), np[K]J (n = 6, 7) and ns[K]J (n = 7, 8) of neutral argon atom in the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock framework

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hassouneh, Ola; Salah, Wa'el

2017-07-01

We report the results of an accurate computation of the energy levels, oscillator strengths f_{ij}, the radiative transition rates A_{ij}, the Landé g-factor, the magnetic dipole and the electric quadrupole hyperfine constants of the intermediate Rydberg series nf[K]J (n = 4, 5), nd[K]J (n = 5, 6), np[K]J (n = 6, 7) and ns[K]J (n = 7, 8) relative to the ground state 3p6 1S0 for neutral argon atom spectra based on the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) approach. In this approach, the quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects with transverse photon Breit interaction and vacuum photon polarization self-energy corrections are included. Moreover, the perturbation due to the core-polarization and electron correlation effects are taken into account. We also reported the oscillator strengths and transition rates in Coulomb and Babushkin gauges for the 3p5(2P)3d-3p5(2P)4f, 3p5(2P)3d-3p5(2P)5f, 3p5(2P)4d-3p5(2P)4f, 3p5(2P)4d-3p5(2P)5f, 3p5(2P)5d-3p5(2P)4f, 3p5(2P)5d-3p5(2P)5f, 3p5(2P)6d-3p5(2P)4f and 3p5(2P)6d-3p5(2P)5f transition arrays as well as the 3p5(2P)5d-3p5(2P)6p, 3p5(2P)7s-3p5(2P)6p, 3p5(2P)7s-3p5(2P)7p and 3p5(2P)8s-3p5(2P)7p transition arrays. Insofar as experimental or theoretical values by other authors exist, comparison is made with those values; it turns out that, for most of the levels, a rather satisfying agreement with these experimental and theoretical results is obtained, thus confirming the reliability of our data.

Global Issues in the Intermediate Classroom, Grades 5-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Jacquelyn; Benegar, John

This publication contains teacher developed activities for teaching about global issues in grades 5-8. The self-contained activities are organized into three major parts. Part I, "Global Awareness," introduces students to the concept of global education. Students are made aware of the nature of the world and the part they play in it as inhabitants…

Characterizing T-cell response in low-grade and high-grade vulval intraepithelial neoplasia, study of CD3, CD4 and CD8 expressions.

PubMed

Gul, Nahid; Ganesan, Raji; Luesley, David M

2004-07-01

The objective of our study was to compare immunocyte infiltrates in vulval epithelium from low-grade and high-grade vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) lesions to determine if difference in T-cell presence reflected the grade of VIN. Thirty-six vulval specimens were obtained from 24 patients who had previously undergone vulval biopsies for VIN, 14 high-grade diseases (VIN 3 with or without HPV) and 14 low-grade diseases (VIN 1 and VIN 2 with or without HPV). Eight samples of normal vulval tissue were selected from the excision margins of resected vulval biopsies. The lymphocyte surface markers included CD3 (Pan T-cell marker), CD4 (T helper cells), and CD8 (T cytotoxic cells). Each tissue section was visualized under high power magnification and cells were counted in 10 random areas at the dermo-epidermal junction. A significantly higher number of total mean T lymphocytes were detected in VIN specimens compared to normal vulval tissue (P = 0.002). In low-grade VIN, there were significantly more CD8 cells than CD4 when compared to high-grade VIN. This difference in CD4/CD8 ratio was significant (P = 0.001). This study suggests that increased CD8 response in VIN is a feature of low-grade disease and we speculate that this may be a protective mechanism. In high-grade disease, both CD4 cells and CD8 cells are equally present with preservation of normal CD4/CD8 ratio.

MAP3K8/TPL-2/COT is a potential predictive marker for MEK inhibitor treatment in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas.

PubMed

Gruosso, Tina; Garnier, Camille; Abelanet, Sophie; Kieffer, Yann; Lemesre, Vincent; Bellanger, Dorine; Bieche, Ivan; Marangoni, Elisabetta; Sastre-Garau, Xavier; Mieulet, Virginie; Mechta-Grigoriou, Fatima

2015-10-12

Ovarian cancer is a silent disease with a poor prognosis that urgently requires new therapeutic strategies. In low-grade ovarian tumours, mutations in the MAP3K BRAF gene constitutively activate the downstream kinase MEK. Here we demonstrate that an additional MAP3K, MAP3K8 (TPL-2/COT), accumulates in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSCs) and is a potential prognostic marker for these tumours. By combining analyses on HGSC patient cohorts, ovarian cancer cells and patient-derived xenografts, we demonstrate that MAP3K8 controls cancer cell proliferation and migration by regulating key players in G1/S transition and adhesion dynamics. In addition, we show that the MEK pathway is the main pathway involved in mediating MAP3K8 function, and that MAP3K8 exhibits a reliable predictive value for the effectiveness of MEK inhibitor treatment. Our data highlight key roles for MAP3K8 in HGSC and indicate that MEK inhibitors could be a useful treatment strategy, in combination with conventional chemotherapy, for this disease.

Program of Studies, Aesthetic Education: Music, K-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Montgomery County Public Schools, Rockville, MD. Dept. of Instructional Planning and Development.

Educational objectives and brief course descriptions are presented for music instruction, grades K-8, Montgomery Public Schools, Rockville, Maryland. The system recommends that students in grades K-6 receive 100 minutes of general music instruction weekly. Objectives for these grades include development of musical perception through a wide variety…

Learning Geography Promotes Learning Math: Results and Implications of Arizona's GeoMath Grade K-8 Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dorn, Ronald I.; Douglass, John; Ekiss, Gale Olp; Trapido-Lurie, Barbara; Comeauz, Malcolm; Mings, Robert; Eden, Rebecca; Davis, Cathy; Hinde, Elizabeth; Ramakrishna, B.

2005-01-01

The "No Child Left Behind" (NCLB) legislation has resulted in declining classroom time dedicated to geography instruction, especially in grades K-8. To combat this problem, a National Geographic Society Grosvenor grant provided resources allowing 28 teacher-authors to generate a package of more than 80 lessons that combine the teaching…

Mathematics Pentathlon. A Manual of Directions and Official Tournament Rules. Division III. Grades 4-5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

del Regato, John C.; And Others

The Mathematics Pentathlon is a tournament of mathematics games held each spring since 1979 to promote the development of mathematical concepts and skills while fostering interaction among the educational community. There are five games in each of four divisions, for grades K-1, 2-3, 4-5, and 6-7. The focus is on active problem solving and…

Teaching Music Grades K-4. Curriculum Bulletin 1978-79, Series No. 7.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York City Board of Education, Brooklyn, NY. Div. of Curriculum and Instruction.

This guide contains lesson plans for music teachers and music specialists in grades K-4. The role of music education is to provide a balanced exposure to all music and musical experiences, allowing students to develop tastes and skills based upon a broad knowledge of music. The guide consists of two levels. The first half of the guide contains…

P. S. Write Soon! All about Letters (Grades 4-8).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Post Office Dept., Washington, DC.

A joint project of the United States Postal Service and the National Council of Teachers of English, this book provides ideas and activities to help students in grades 4 through 8 get into the letter writing habit. Section 1 stresses the joy of writing letters to friends, relatives, pen pals, and celebrities. The second section describes letters…

Consumer's Choice: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Consumer Education. Developed for Grades K-4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allegheny Intermediate Unit, Pittsburgh, PA.

This manual suggests teaching strategies for integrating consumer education into art, language arts, mathematics, science/health, and social studies in grades K-4. The guide lists consumer education competencies, interdisciplinary structures for consumer education, and provides a chart which relates competencies to page numbers in the guide.…

Miniaturized printed K shaped monopole antenna with truncated ground plane for 2.4/5.2/5.5/5.8 wireless lan applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chandan, Bharti, Gagandeep; Srivastava, Toolika; Rai, B. S.

2018-04-01

A novel truncated ground plane monopole antenna is proposed for wide band wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. The antenna contains a rectangular patch with a rectangular ring, a circular slot and a truncated ground plane printed on opposite sides of a low cost substrate FR4. The operating frequency bands for the antenna are band1 (2.4-2.88 GHz) and band 2 (4.8-6.3 GHz) with ≤ - 10 dB return loss which covers 2.4/5.2/5.5/5.8 GHz WLAN bands. The antenna is compact with overall dimension 26×40×0.8 mmł and with the dimension of patch 16×16×0.8 mm3. The two bands of antenna is obtained by cutting a rectangular ring and a circular slot in the patch and return loss is improved by cutting two rectangular slot in the ground plane. Performance measures of the antenna are shown in terms of return loss, current distribution, radiation pattern and gain. To verify the simulated results, the antenna is also fabricated and tested. The simulated and fabricated results have been found in good agreement.

Language Assessment Scales, LAS I, for Grades K-5, English/Spanish. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Avila, Edward A.; Duncan, Sharon E.

Language Assessment Scales, LAS I, are designed for children in grades K-5. LAS I accommodates ethnic and linguistic differences and provides direct language activities taken from the popular culture of both English- and Spanish-speaking peoples. LAS I consists of two independent tests, one in English and the other in Spanish, presented largely on…

4 Kelvin Cryogenic Characterization of Commercial pHEMT Transistors at 9 kHz to 8.5 GHz Range

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ibarra-Medel, E.; Velázquez, M.; Ventura, S.; Ferrusca, D.; Gómez-Rivera, V.

2016-07-01

Nowadays, the technology innovations in large format array detectors at low temperature for millimetric observational astronomy demand the development of electronics capable to keep their functionality at cryogenic temperatures. In kinetic inductance detectors, the first stage of electronics readout requires high-bandwidth low-noise amplifiers (LNAs). These devices are commonly fabricated in monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) processes which commercially achieve a noise temperature level of 5 K. An alternative approach to the MMIC are the hybrid microwave circuit which mixes RF lumped elements and discrete electronic components. This paper describes the characterization of six commercial pHEMT transistors tested at cryogenic temperatures. DC properties such as I-V curves and transconductance (g_m) were measured for each transistor; these measurements allow us to calculate the best bias point versus gain, with the lowest noise figure and power consumption within the range of 9 kHz to 8.5 GHz at the operating temperature of 4 K. Experimental results suggest that the characterized pHEMTs have a noise figure that allow them to be used in hybrid LNAs arranges with a comparable MMIC performance.

Growth in Rapid Automatized Naming from Grades K to 8 in Children with Math or Reading Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mazzocco, Michèle M. M.; Grimm, Kevin J.

2013-01-01

Rapid automatized naming (RAN) is widely used to identify reading disabilities (RD) and has recently been considered a potential predictor of risk for mathematics learning disabilities (MLD). Here we longitudinally examine RAN performance from Grades K to 8, to view how growth on RAN response time differs for children with RD versus MLD. Across…

Fostering Creativity in Children, K-8: Theory and Practice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lynch, Mervin D., Ed.; Harris, Carole Ruth, Ed.

This book identifies strategies for use by classroom teachers in grades K-8 to nurture the development of creativity. Section 1 offers general strategies to stimulate productive thinking. Section 2 examines personality, creative thinking, and appropriate teaching strategies. Section 3 is dedicated to teaching special groups. Section 4 focuses on…

First Year Evaluation of the Mathematics Pilot Programs, Grades K-8, [and] Appendices. Evaluation Department Report No. 381.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tomblin, Elizabeth A.; And Others

The San Diego Board of Education requested that pilot programs be conducted with commercially developed (Grades K-8) mathematics textbooks and programs in order to determine which of the programs/texts were superior, and whether a district-developed program could successfully compete with commercially produced materials. The pilot program…

Something That Works for Me: 100 More Teaching Practices Used in Our Schools. Grades K-12. No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York City Board of Education, Brooklyn, NY. Div. of Curriculum and Instruction.

This guide, published by the New York City Board of Education, presents teaching practices that have been used in New York City schools in grades K-12. Subject areas covered include: (1) communication arts; (2) mathematics; (3) social studies; (4) art; (5) music; (6) English as a second language; (7) bilingual education; (8) reading; (9) writing;…

Physical Education, Junior Division: Grades 4, 5, 6. Curriculum J.5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ontario Dept. of Education, Toronto.

This manual was prepared to give teachers assistance in carrying out programs in physical education in grades 4, 5, and 6. Because many schools have space and equipment deficiencies, some emphasis has been placed on improvisation and the fullest possible use of available space and equipment. The manual is divided into two sections: organization…

Project ACE Activity Sets. Book I: Grades 3, 4, and 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eden City Schools, NC.

Eleven activity sets suitable for supplementing social studies units in grades 3, 4, and 5 are presented. Each set lists appropriate resources, concepts, general objectives and instructional objectives for each activity within the set. Grade 3 sets are "You Can Help Conserve Our Natural Resources,""Urban Decay and Urban…

Migrant Child Education. Learning Activities Direct Instruction K-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wheelock, Warren H., Ed.

The two major parts of a publication resulting from the 14th annual Arizona Migrant Child Teacher and Aide Institute discuss learning centers and resource units and provide four K-3 resource units, and three resource units for grades 4-8. Institute participants from 1983 and earlier years are listed. The discussion of learning centers as…

PTEN loss and chromosome 8 alterations in Gleason grade 3 prostate cancer cores predicts the presence of un-sampled grade 4 tumor: implications for active surveillance.

PubMed

Trock, Bruce J; Fedor, Helen; Gurel, Bora; Jenkins, Robert B; Knudsen, B S; Fine, Samson W; Said, Jonathan W; Carter, H Ballentine; Lotan, Tamara L; De Marzo, Angelo M

2016-07-01

Men who enter active surveillance because their biopsy exhibits only Gleason grade 3 (G3) frequently have higher grade tumor missed by biopsy. Thus, biomarkers are needed that, when measured on G3 tissue, can predict the presence of higher grade tumor in the whole prostate. We evaluated whether PTEN loss, chromosome 8q gain (MYC) and/or 8p loss (LPL) measured only on G3 cores is associated with un-sampled G4 tumor. A tissue microarray was constructed of prostatectomy tissue from patients whose prostates exhibited only Gleason score 3+3, only 3+4 or only 4+3 tumor (n=50 per group). Cores sampled only from areas of G3 were evaluated for PTEN loss by immunohistochemistry, and PTEN deletion, LPL/8p loss and MYC/8q gain by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Biomarker results were compared between Gleason score 6 vs 7 tumors using conditional logistic regression. PTEN protein loss, odds ratio=4.99, P=0.033; MYC/8q gain, odds ratio=5.36, P=0.010; and LPL/8p loss, odds ratio=3.96, P=0.003 were significantly more common in G3 cores derived from Gleason 7 vs Gleason 6 tumors. PTEN gene deletion was not statistically significant. Associations were stronger comparing Gleason 4+3 vs 6 than for Gleason 3+4 vs 6. MYC/8q gain, LPL/8p loss and PTEN protein loss measured in G3 tissue microarray cores strongly differentiate whether the core comes from a Gleason 6 or Gleason 7 tumor. If validated to predict upgrading from G3 biopsy to prostatectomy these biomarkers could reduce the likelihood of enrolling high-risk men and facilitate safe patient selection for active surveillance.

Invisible Obstacles on the Implementation of Multiple Intelligences Theory in K-8 Classrooms in Turkey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaya, Osman Nafiz; Ebenezer, Jazlin

2006-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the implementation of Multiple Intelligences (MI) Theory in K-8 classrooms in Turkey. First, it was made meetings in small groups (3 or 4) with 38 teachers in one of the first MI schools in Turkey during the first semesters. They were 22 elementary teachers from Grades 1 to 5 and 16…

K2Ho(PO4)(WO4)

PubMed Central

Terebilenko, Katherina V.; Zatovsky, Igor V.; Baumer, Vyacheslav N.; Slobodyanik, Nikolay S.; Shishkin, Oleg V.

2008-01-01

A new compound, dipotassium holmium(III) phosphate(V) tungstate(VI), K2Ho(PO4)(WO4), has been obtained during investigation of the K2O–P2O5–WO3–HoF3 phase system using the flux technique. The compound is isotypic with K2Bi(PO4)(WO4). Its framework structure consists of flat ∞ 2[HoPO4] layers parallel to (100) that are made up of ∞ 1[HoO8] zigzag chains inter­linked via slightly distorted PO4 tetra­hedra. WO4 tetra­hedra are attached above and below these layers, leaving space for the K+ counter-cations. The HoO8, PO4 and WO4 units exhibit 2 symmetry. PMID:21580811

ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND LINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MIXED ALKALI-METAL BOROPHOSPHATES (LiK2BP2O8, Li3K2BP4O14): A FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDY

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Bei; Jing, Qun; Yang, Zhihua; Wang, Ying; Su, Xin; Pan, Shilie; Zhang, Jun

2013-07-01

LiK2BP2O8 and Li3K2BP4O14 are synthesized by high-temperature solution method with the same elements, while contain different fundamental building units. Li3K2BP4O14 is a novel P-O-P linking structure which gives a rare example of violation of Pauling's fourth rule. The electronic structures of LiK2BP2O8 and Li3K2BP4O14 are investigated by density functional calculations. Direct gaps of 5.038 eV (LiK2BP2O8) and 5.487 eV (Li3K2BP4O14) are obtained. By analyzing the density of states (DOS) of LiK2BP2O8 and Li3K2BP4O14, the P-O-P linking in fundamental building units of Li3K2BP4O14 crystal is proved theoretically. Based on the electronic properties, the linear optical information is captured.

BASE Home Economics Curriculum Grades 5-8. Area 3.0 Foods/Nutrition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blankenship, Martha Lee, Ed.

This publication contains curriculum banks for teaching home economics in grades 5 through 8 in West Virginia. Rather than containing a complete curriculum guide for the home economics program, the banks provide ideas, sections, and lessons that can be drawn out and used with other materials. Four banks are provided in the guide. Bank 1 contains…

Multicolor immunofluorescence reveals that p63- and/or K5-positive progenitor cells contribute to normal breast epithelium and usual ductal hyperplasia but not to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the breast.

PubMed

Boecker, Werner; Stenman, Göran; Schroeder, Tina; Schumacher, Udo; Loening, Thomas; Stahnke, Lisa; Löhnert, Catharina; Siering, Robert Michael; Kuper, Arthur; Samoilova, Vera; Tiemann, Markus; Korsching, Eberhard; Buchwalow, Igor

2017-05-01

We contend that knowledge about the cellular composition of normal breast epithelium is a prerequisite for understanding proliferative breast disease. Against this background, we used multicolor immunofluorescence to study normal breast epithelium and two types of intraepithelial proliferative breast lesion for expression of the p63, basal keratin K5, glandular keratin K8/18, SMA, ER-alpha, and Ki67. We studied eight normal breast epithelium samples, 12 cases of usual ductal hyperplasia, and 33 cases of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (9 flat epithelial atypia, 14 low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ and 10 cases of lobular neoplasia). Usual ductal hyperplasia showed striking similarity to normal luminal breast epithelium including p63+ and/or K5+ luminal progenitor cells and the full spectrum of luminal progeny cells. In normal breast epithelium and usual ductal hyperplasia, expression of ER-alpha was associated with lack of expression of the proliferation antigen Ki67. In contrast, we found in both types of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia robust expression of keratin K8/18 and a positive association between ER-alpha and Ki67 expression. However, these lesions were consistently negative for p63 and/or K5. Our observational study supports the view that usual ductal hyperplasia and low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia are different entities rather than part of a spectrum of the same disease. We propose a new operational model of cell differentiation that may serve to better understand correlations between normal breast epithelium and proliferative breast diseases. From our data we conclude that p63+ and/or K5+ progenitor cells contribute to maintenance of normal epithelium and usual ductal hyperplasia, but not to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the breast.

The solid solution K3.84Ni0.78Fe3.19(PO4)5

PubMed Central

Strutynska, Nataliia Yu.; Ogorodnyk, Ivan V.; Livitska, Oksana V.; Baumer, Vyacheslav N.; Slobodyanik, Nikolay S.

2014-01-01

The title compound, tetra­potassium tetra­[nickel(II)/iron(III)] penta­kis­(orthophosphate), K3.84Ni0.78Fe3.19(PO4)5, has been obtained from a flux. The structure is isotypic with that of K4MgFe3(PO4)5. The three-dimensional framework is built up from (Ni/Fe)O5 trigonal bipyramids with a mixed Fe:Ni occupancy of 0.799 (8):0.196 (10) and isolated PO4 tetra­hedra, one of which is on a general position and one of which has -4.. site symmetry. Two K+ cations are statistically occupied and are distributed over two positions in hexa­gonally shaped channels that run parallel to [001]. One K+ cation [occupancy 0.73 (3)] is surrounded by nine O atoms, while the other K+ cation [occupancy 0.23 (3)] is surrounded by eight O atoms. PMID:25161510

Man and Environment for the Intermediate Grades; A Curriculum Guide for Environmental Studies for Grades 4-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association for Environmental Education, Miami, FL.

This curriculum guide consists of environmental studies modules for grades 4-8. The curriculum, which is organized around major concepts, is intended to serve as a guide for program development and as a framework for compiling and sharing ideas on methods and application on a national basis. Each module may be utilized as an integral part of the…

Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate dynamically regulates the K2P background K+ channel TASK-2

PubMed Central

Niemeyer, María Isabel; Cid, L. Pablo; Paulais, Marc; Teulon, Jacques; Sepúlveda, Francisco V.

2017-01-01

Two-pore domain K2P K+ channels responsible for the background K+ conductance and the resting membrane potential, are also finely regulated by a variety of chemical, physical and physiological stimuli. Hormones and transmitters acting through Gq protein-coupled receptors (GqPCRs) modulate the activity of various K2P channels but the signalling involved has remained elusive, in particular whether dynamic regulation by membrane PI(4,5)P2, common among other classes of K+ channels, affects K2P channels is controversial. Here we show that K2P K+ channel TASK-2 requires PI(4,5)P2 for activity, a dependence that accounts for its run down in the absence of intracellular ATP and its full recovery by addition of exogenous PI(4,5)P2, its inhibition by low concentrations of polycation PI scavengers, and inhibition by PI(4,5)P2 depletion from the membrane. Comprehensive mutagenesis suggests that PI(4,5)P2 interaction with TASK-2 takes place at C-terminus where three basic aminoacids are identified as being part of a putative binding site. PMID:28358046

Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate dynamically regulates the K2P background K+ channel TASK-2.

PubMed

Niemeyer, María Isabel; Cid, L Pablo; Paulais, Marc; Teulon, Jacques; Sepúlveda, Francisco V

2017-03-30

Two-pore domain K 2P K + channels responsible for the background K + conductance and the resting membrane potential, are also finely regulated by a variety of chemical, physical and physiological stimuli. Hormones and transmitters acting through Gq protein-coupled receptors (GqPCRs) modulate the activity of various K 2P channels but the signalling involved has remained elusive, in particular whether dynamic regulation by membrane PI(4,5)P 2 , common among other classes of K + channels, affects K 2P channels is controversial. Here we show that K 2P K + channel TASK-2 requires PI(4,5)P 2 for activity, a dependence that accounts for its run down in the absence of intracellular ATP and its full recovery by addition of exogenous PI(4,5)P 2 , its inhibition by low concentrations of polycation PI scavengers, and inhibition by PI(4,5)P 2 depletion from the membrane. Comprehensive mutagenesis suggests that PI(4,5)P 2 interaction with TASK-2 takes place at C-terminus where three basic aminoacids are identified as being part of a putative binding site.

Social Studies Curriculum Continuum. Grades K-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cole, Richard, Ed.

A series of charts relating social studies skills to components for grades kindergarten through eight is presented. The document is divided into three major sections: grades kindergarten through two, three through five, and six through eight. Nine categories and related components are listed within each section: (1) content components include…

Consumer's Choice. A Manual of Supplemental Consumer Education Teaching Strategies. Developed for Grades K-4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allegheny Intermediate Unit, Pittsburgh, PA.

Designed for grades K-4, this manual contains suggested teaching strategies for infusing consumer education into the academic areas of art, language arts, mathematics, science/health, and social studies. Each of the twenty to thirty learning activities provided for each of the academic areas is based on competencies related to one of four…

Group Solutions, Too! More Cooperative Logic Activities for Grades K-4. Teacher's Guide. LHS GEMS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Jan M.; Kopp, Jaine

There is evidence that structured cooperative logic is an effective way to introduce or reinforce mathematics concepts, explore thinking processes basic to both math and science, and develop the important social skills of cooperative problem-solving. This book contains a number of cooperative logic activities for grades K-4 in order to improve…

I Invite You To Know the Earth II. 5th to 8th Grade of Preparatory School Teacher's Guide [and] 5th to 8th Grade of Preparatory School Textbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission.

The student textbook is designed for grades 5-8 and explores various earth science topics. A cartoon character named Tommy Tsumi explores earth facts and concepts throughout the text. Activities, materials, and learning objectives for each unit in the textbook are presented in the teacher's guide. Units in both books include: (1) "The Outside…

Covariates of Tooth-brushing Frequency in Low-income African Americans From Grades 5 to 8

PubMed Central

Koerber, A.; Graumlich, S.; Punwani, I.C.; Berbaum, M.L.; Burns, J.L.; Levy, S.R.; Cowell, J.M.; Flay, B.R.

2009-01-01

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine tooth-brushing frequency in 575 urban and nearby suburban African American children as part of a comprehensive risk-reduction study for students at high risk for violence, drugs, school delinquency, and unsafe sexual behaviors to determine which covariates predicted tooth-brushing frequency. Methods Students were surveyed 5 times, from the beginning of grade 5 and the end of each year through grade 8, and parents were surveyed at the beginning of grade 5. Peer influence, importance of being liked, self-esteem, attitudes towards tooth-brushing, oral health knowledge, self-efficacy, parental attitudes, and other covariates were examined for the ability to predict self-reporting of tooth-brushing frequency. Results In the fifth grade, peer influence, the importance of being liked, and physical self-esteem were the significant predictors, and peer influence continued to predict tooth-brushing in the eighth grade. Oral health knowledge and parental influence were not significant. Conclusion Peer influence is an important factor in tooth-brushing behavior in metropolitan African American preadolescent children. PMID:17249434

Covariates of tooth-brushing frequency in low-income African Americans from grades 5 to 8.

PubMed

Koerber, A; Graumlich, S; Punwani, I C; Berbaum, M L; Burns, J L; Levy, S R; Cowell, J M; Flay, B R

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine tooth-brushing frequency in 575 urban and nearby suburban African American children as part of a comprehensive risk-reduction study for students at high risk for violence, drugs, school delinquency, and unsafe sexual behaviors to determine which covariates predicted tooth-brushing frequency. Students were surveyed 5 times, from the beginning of grade 5 and the end of each year through grade 8, and parents were surveyed at the beginning of grade 5. Peer influence, importance of being liked, self-esteem, attitudes towards tooth-brushing, oral health knowledge, self-efficacy, parental attitudes, and other covariates were examined for the ability to predict self-reporting of tooth-brushing frequency. In the fifth grade, peer influence, the importance of being liked, and physical self-esteem were the significant predictors, and peer influence continued to predict tooth-brushing in the eighth grade. Oral health knowledge and parental influence were not significant. Peer influence is an important factor in tooth-brushing behavior in metropolitan African American preadolescent children.

Magnetic and morphological characterization of Nd2Fe14B magnets with different quality grades at low temperature 5-300 K

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diez-Jimenez, E.; Perez-Diaz, J. L.; Ferdeghini, C.; Canepa, F.; Bernini, C.; Cristache, C.; Sanchez-Garcia-Casarrubios, J.; Valiente-Blanco, I.; Ruiz-Navas, E. M.; Martínez-Rojas, J. A.

2018-04-01

An increasing number of cryogenic devices may benefit from the use of Nd2Fe14B permanent magnets. However, it is necessary to precisely know their behavior because magnetization varies significantly due to Spin Reorientation Transition. In this work, magnetic and morphological characterization of Nd2Fe14B commercial polycrystalline magnets with different quality grades from 5 to 300 K is provided. A set of magnets ranging from N35 to N52 quality have been analyzed. Mean grain dimension as well as material composition elements are provided. Higher quality magnets show smaller mean grain dimensions. Regarding cryogenic temperatures, the well know spin transition effect appears in all the magnets as expected, however, the transition temperature occurs at different temperatures in a range from 112 to 120 K which is lower than those obtained for single crystal samples. Moreover, the relative variation of the remanence from 300 to 5 K is lower than 4% while the maximum expected variation is in average 11%. As extra information, the same analyzes are provided for additional quality grades N40M, N40S, N40SH and N40UH.

Small Schools Student Learning Objectives, K-8: Reading, Language Arts, Mathematics. K-3; Science, Social Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hartl, David, Ed.; And Others

Developed by 40 primary teachers and 10 elementary principals from small school districts in Washington, this handbook contains sequenced student learning objectives for grades K-3 in science and social studies and for grades K-8 in reading, language arts, and mathematics. The handbook is designed to assist teachers with the improvement of…

Heat capacity and entropy at the temperatures 5 K to 720 K and thermal expansion from the temperatures 298 K to 573 K of synthetic enargite (Cu3AsS4)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Seal, R.R.; Robie, R.A.; Hemingway, B.S.; Evans, H.T.

1996-01-01

The heat capacity of synthetic Cu3AsS4 (enargite) was measured by quasi-adiabatic calorimetry from the temperatures 5 K to 355 K and by differential scanning calorimetry from T = 339 K to T = 720 K. Heat-capacity anomalies were observed at T = (58.5 ?? 0.5) K (??trsHom = 1.4??R??K; ??trsSom = 0.02??R) and at T = (66.5 ?? 0.5) K (??trsHom = 4.6??R??K; ??trsSom = 0.08??R), where R = 8.31451 J??K-1??mol-1. The causes of the anomalies are unknown. At T = 298.15 K, Cop,m and Som(T) are (190.4 ?? 0.2) J??K-1??mol-1 and (257.6 ?? 0.6) J??K-1??mol-1, respectively. The superambient heat capacities are described from T = 298.15 K to T = 944 K by the least-squares regression equation: Cop,m/(J??K-1??mol-1) = (196.7 ?? 1.2) + (0.0499 ?? 0.0016)??(T/K) -(1918 000 ?? 84 000)??(T/K)-2. The thermal expansion of synthetic enargite was measured from T = 298.15 K to T = 573 K by powder X-ray diffraction. The thermal expansion of the unit-cell volume (Z = 2) is described from T = 298.15 K to T = 573 K by the least-squares equation: V/pm3 = 106??(288.2 ?? 0.2) + 104??(1.49 ?? 0.04)??(T/K). ?? 1996 Academic Press Limited.

Math Thinkercises. A Good Apple Math Activity Book for Students. Grades 4-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daniel, Becky

This booklet designed for students in grades 4-8 provides 52 activities, including puzzles and problems. Activities range from simple to complex, giving learners practice in finding patterns, numeration, permutation, and problem solving. Calculators should be available, and students should be encouraged to discuss solutions with classmates,…

Teachers' Self-Reported Beliefs on Developmentally Appropriate and Inappropriate Practices in Grade K-4 EFL Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mede, Enisa

2017-01-01

This study investigated the perceived beliefs and reported practices of fourth-grade English teachers in primary (elementary) public schools in Turkey. Significantly, it aimed to examine the participating K-4 English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers' beliefs about the developmentally appropriate and inappropriate practices, discover the…

Are all grade group 4 prostate cancers created equal? Implications for the applicability of the novel grade grouping.

PubMed

Gandaglia, Giorgio; Karnes, R Jeffrey; Sivaraman, Arjun; Moschini, Marco; Fossati, Nicola; Zaffuto, Emanuele; DellʼOglio, Paolo; Cathelineau, Xavier; Montorsi, Francesco; Sanchez-Salas, Rafael; Briganti, Alberto

2017-07-01

According to the novel prostate cancer (PCa) grade grouping, men with Gleason score 8 should be included in the grade group 4 regardless of primary and secondary scores. We aimed at evaluating the effect of Gleason patterns on the risk of recurrence in men with grade group 4 PCa. Overall, 1,089 patients treated with radical prostatectomy with grade group 4 PCa at final pathology were identified. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) was defined as 2 consecutive prostate-specific antigen values≥0.2ng/ml and rising. Clinical recurrence (CR) was defined as positive imaging after BCR. Kaplan-Meier analyses assessed time to BCR and CR. Multivariable Cox regression analyses assessed the impact of Gleason patterns on the risk of BCR and CR. Overall, 295 (27.1%), 651 (59.8%), and 143 (13.1%) patients had pathologic Gleason pattern 3+5, 4+4, and 5+3. Overall, 435 (39.9%) patients had positive margins and 439 (30.2%), 300 (27.5%), 350 (32.1%), and 216 (19.8%) had pT2, pT3a, pT3b/4, and pN1 disease. Median follow-up was 83 months. Overall, 536 and 221 patients experienced BCR and CR. The 10-year BCR- and CR-free survival rates were 42.9% and 67.5% vs. 38.3% and 59.7% vs. 40.6% and 50.4% for patients with pathologic Gleason pattern 3+5 vs. 4+4 vs. 5+3, respectively (all P≤0.005). In multivariable analyses, patients with Gleason pattern 3+5 were at lower risk of BCR compared to those with 4+4 (P = 0.002). Men with Gleason pattern 3+5 were at lower risk of CR compared to those with 4+4 and 5+3 (all P≤ 0.01). Patients with a primary Gleason score 3 are at reduced risk of recurrence as compared to their counterparts with 4 or 5. Primary and secondary Gleason scores should be considered to stratify the risk of recurrence after surgery in patients with grade group 4 PCa. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Write! Write! Write! Ready-to-Use Writing Process Activities for Grades 4-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Behrman, Carol H.

This handbook contains over 265 reproducible writing process activities that help make writing fun for students in grades 4-8. The handbook provides stimulating activities to give students the directed practice they need to learn to write clearly and competently. Designed for minimal teacher input, activities are complete with directions geared to…

Best Practices for Improving the Writing of 3rd and 4th Grade Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eftekhari, Parastou Afshar

2017-01-01

Scores on a state comprehensive assessment test showed that writing skills of 4th grade students enrolled in a K-8 magnet school in the southeastern part of the United States were below target. The assistant principal of the K-8 magnet school explained that a review of 3-year longitudinal data revealed that the number of students who met…

Examining the Internal Structure of the easyCBM Reading Measures, Grades K-5. Technical Report #1302

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alonzo, Julie; Park, Bitnara Jasmine; Tindal, Gerald

2013-01-01

In this technical report, we describe a study examining the internal structures of the easyCBM reading measures, Grades K-5. Data were gathered from a convenience sample of 114 Kindergarten students, 43 first graders, 82 second graders, 100 third graders, 109 fourth graders, and 71 fifth graders attending schools in Oregon, Georgia, South…

Social Studies: Grades 4, 8, & 11. Content Specifications for Statewide Assessment by Standard.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Missouri State Dept. of Elementary and Secondary Education, Jefferson City.

This state of Missouri guide to content specifications for social studies assessment is designed to give teachers direction for assessment at the benchmark levels of grades 4, 8, and 11 for each standard that is appropriate for a statewide assessment. The guide includes specifications of what students are expected to know at the benchmark levels…

Dry Creek Joint Elementary School District. Educational Specifications: K-5 Permanent (Revised 1998).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dry Creek Joint Elementary School District, Roseville, CA.

An Educational Specification Committee was convened to determine the design specifications required for a new K-5 (and temporarily 6-8 grade) elementary school in Roseville, California's Dry Creek District. This report presents revisions to an earlier document that examined school room specifications for each grade level and administrative area.…

The Columbia River: Its Future and You. Teacher's Manual for Grades 5-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frost, Marcia

Designed as a part of a multidisciplinary set of curricula and educational materials on the Columbia River, this teacher's guide focuses on the many uses of the river and the conflicts arising from those uses. This unit's major purpose is to help students in grades 5-8 to start thinking about how the resources of the Columbia River should be…

Colorado Student Assessment Program: 2001 Released Passages, Items, and Prompts. Grade 4 Reading and Writing, Grade 4 Lectura y Escritura, Grade 5 Mathematics and Reading, Grade 6 Reading, Grade 7 Reading and Writing, Grade 8 Mathematics, Reading and Science, Grade 9 Reading, and Grade 10 Mathematics and Reading and Writing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colorado State Dept. of Education, Denver.

This document contains released reading comprehension passages, test items, and writing prompts from the Colorado Student Assessment Program for 2001. The sample questions and prompts are included without answers or examples of student responses. Test materials are included for: (1) Grade 4 Reading and Writing; (2) Grade 4 Lectura y Escritura…

Natural history of nonoperative management for grade 4 and 5 liver and spleen injuries in children.

PubMed

Yang, Jeannie C; Sharp, Susan W; Ostlie, Daniel J; Holcomb, George W; St Peter, Shawn D

2008-12-01

Nonoperative management is standard treatment of blunt liver or spleen injuries. However, there are few reports outlining the natural history and outcomes of severe blunt hepatic and splenic trauma. Therefore, we reviewed our experience with nonoperative management of grade 4 or 5 liver and spleen injuries. A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with grade 4 or 5 (high-grade) blunt liver and/or spleen injuries from April 1997 to July 2007 at our children's hospital. Demographics, hospital course data, and follow-up data were analyzed. There were 74 high-grade injuries in 72 patients. There were 30 high-grade liver and 44 high-grade spleen injuries. Two patients had both a liver and splenic injury. High-grade liver injuries had a significantly longer length of intensive care and hospital stay compared to high-grade spleen injuries. There were also a significantly higher number of transfusions, radiographs, and total charges in the high-grade liver injuries when compared to the high-grade splenic injuries. The only mortality from solid organ injury was a grade 4 liver injury with portal vein disruption. In contrast, there was only one complication from a high-grade splenic injury-a pleural effusion treated with thoracentesis. There were 5 patients with complications from their liver injury requiring 18 therapeutic procedures. Three patients (10%) with liver injury required readmission as follows: one 5 times, one 3 times, and another one time. Patients with high-grade liver injuries have a longer recovery, more complications, and greater use of resources than in patients with similar injuries to the spleen.

The Incredible Egg. 4-H Classroom Curriculum Guide for Grade Levels 4-5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Cooperative Extension Service.

This curriculum guide integrates the concepts of chick embryology into mathematics, science, and language arts lesson plans for Grades 4 and 5. The four lessons comprising the unit can be utilized in sequence or as independent lessons within the classroom curriculum. Lesson 1 enables students to identify the parts of an egg. Lesson 2 examines the…

Handicraft (Industrial Arts). Grades 4-5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Le Xuan Thuy

This is the second of two textbooks covering the elementary program in Vietnam on handicrafts and industrial arts. It is written for Vietnamese children at the fourth and fifth grade level. The four chapters are: (1) clay moulding, (2) use of ordinary carpentry tools, (3) book binding, and (4) miscellaneous. The course is designed to offer…

New Mexico Portfolio Writing Assessment. Grade 8. Teacher's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Mexico State Dept. of Education, Santa Fe.

This Teacher's Guide contains procedures to be followed throughout the year in implementing the New Mexico Portfolio Writing Assessment. The Assessment, required for all students in grades 4 and 6, and optional for grade 8, is conducted each school year, with a call for each student's best piece in March. The optional administration in grade 8…

Design, synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of some new 6,8-halo-substituted-2h-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole-3(5h)-one/-thione and 6,8-halo-substituted 5-methyl-2h-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3(5h)-one/-thione

PubMed Central

Kumar, Rajeev; Singh, Tejendra; Singh, Hariram; Jain, Sandeep; Roy, R. K.

2014-01-01

A new series of 6,8-halo-substituted-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole-3(5H)-one/-thione and 6,8-halo-substituted 5-methyl-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3(5H)-one/-thione (5a-5l) were designed and synthesized keeping in view of the structural requirement of pharmacophore. The above compounds were characterized by thin layer chromatography and spectral analysis. Anticonvulsant activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated by the maximal electroshock (MES) test. Neurotoxicity and CNS depressant effects were evaluated by the rotarod motor impairment and Porsolt’s force swim tests, respectively. A computational study was carried out, for calculation of pharmacophore pattern, prediction of pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity properties. The above study revealed that the compounds 8-chloro-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3(5H)-one (5e), 6,8-dibromo-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3(5H)-one (5i) and 6,8-dibromo-5-methyl-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3(5H)-one (5k) possess excellent anticonvulsant activity in the series with little CNS depressant effect and no neurotoxicity as compared to standard drugs phenytoin and carbamazepine. PMID:26417257

Into Adolescence: Actions for Wellpower. A Curriculum for Grades 5-8. Contemporary Health Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waters, Mae; Hocker, Anita

This module on wellness includes eight lessons, and is oriented toward middle school students in grades 5-8. Students choose partners to support them in achieving their goals for improving health in several areas. In lesson 1, health and wellness are defined. Students are introduced to a wellness continuum and the physical, mental/emotional, and…

Into Adolescence: Enhancing Self-Esteem. A Curriculum for Grades 5-8. Contemporary Health Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zevin, Dale; McPherson, Carole

This book is a 10-lesson module for grades 5-8, designed to increase students' awareness of self-esteem as a dynamic, ever-changing component in their lives. Beginning with a "Full Esteem Ahead" lesson to help students identify high and low self-esteem behaviors, this module gives teachers specific instructional strategies for guiding students…

Tobacco Education Curriculum: Grade 5. Health Education: Substance Abuse Prevention.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Christine K.; And Others

This teaching guide for a tobacco education curriculum at the fifth-grade level is a part of a coordinated K-12 educational support program for reducing smoking. It includes a tobacco curriculum matrix for grades K-12, sample teaching methods, concepts and objectives for grades 4-6, and a resource list. The basic instructional concepts for the…

Energy and Economics for the Elementary Grades. Unit I (Grades K-6). Lessons and Activities for the Elementary Grades.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Backler, Alan

Six lessons for students in grades K-3 and six lessons for students in grades 4-6 are presented. These lessons are designed to help students become more aware of the energy choices that they must make in the present and for the future and to understand that the costs of maintaining a specific standard of living and thriving national economy can be…

Increase Reading Fluency of 4th and 5th Grade Students with Learning Disabilities Using Readers' Theatre

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mountford, Kathy A.

2007-01-01

The following Action Research Project Report is to improve the oral reading fluency of the 4th and 5th grade students with learning disabilities. The targeted population participating in this study consisted of a total of ten participants of which five were 4th grade students and five were 5th grade students located in a middle class community…

Synthesis and pharmacological activity of urea and thiourea derivatives of 4-azatricyclo[5.2.2.0(2,6)]undec-8-ene-3,5-dione.

PubMed

Struga, Marta; Kossakowski, Jerzy; Kedzierska, Ewa; Fidecka, Sylwia; Stefańska, Joanna

2007-05-01

A series of nineteen new thiourea and urea derivatives of 10-isopropyl-8-methyl-4-azatricyclo[5.2.2.0(2,6)]undec-8-ene-3,5-dione, 1-isopropyl-7-methyl-4-azatricyclo[5.2.2.0(2,6)]undec-8-ene-3,5-dione and 1,7,8,9,10-pentamethyl-4-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]dec-8-ene-3,5-dione have been prepared and studied by (1)H-NMR. The compound k1a (1-(1,7,8,9,10-pentamethyl-3,5-dioxo-4-aza-tricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]dec-8-en-4-yl)-3-phenyl-urea) was tested for pharmacological activity on animal central nervous system (CNS). The activities of synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and anti-HIV-1 activity in MT-4 cells. Antimicrobial activity of the newly obtained derivatives was tested against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi of the Candida species.

Connecting with Others: Lessons for Teaching Social and Emotional Competence, Grades K-2 [and] Grades 3-5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richardson, Rita C.

The Connecting with Others program, initially developed to teach prosocial skills to special-needs students within regular classroom settings, offers an alternative strategy to classroom management and discipline through instruction in self-regulation skills and conflict resolution. The program for elementary grades consists of a K-2 volume and…

Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements on the 35.5 K superconductor Rb1 -δEuFe4As4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Albedah, Mohammed A.; Nejadsattari, Farshad; Stadnik, Zbigniew M.; Liu, Yi; Cao, Guang-Han

2018-04-01

The results of x-ray diffraction and 57Fe and 151Eu Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements, supplemented with ab initio hyperfine-interaction parameter calculations, on the new 35.5 K superconductor Rb1 -δEuFe4As4 are presented. The superconductor crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P 4 /m m m with the lattice parameters a =3.8849 (1 ) Å and c =13.3370 (3 ) Å. It is shown that there is no magnetic order of the Fe magnetic moments down to 2.1 K and that the ferromagnetic order is associated solely with the Eu magnetic moments. The Curie temperature TC=16.54 (8 ) K is determined from the temperature dependence of both the hyperfine magnetic field at 151Eu nuclei and the transferred hyperfine magnetic field at 57Fe nuclei that is induced by the ferromagnetically ordered Eu sublattice. The Eu magnetic moments are demonstrated to be perpendicular to the crystallographic c axis. The temperature dependence of the principal component of the electric field gradient tensor, at both Fe and Eu sites, is well described by a T3 /2 power-law relation. Good agreement between the calculated and measured hyperfine-interaction parameters is observed. The Debye temperature of Rb1 -δEuFe4As4 is found to be 391(8) K.

Structural chemistry and magnetic properties of Nd{sub 18}Li{sub 8}Fe{sub 4}M′O{sub 39} (M′=Al, Ga) and La{sub 18}Li{sub 8}Fe{sub 4.5}In{sub 0.5}O{sub 39}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Thammajak, Nirawat; Battle, Peter D., E-mail: peter.battle@chem.ox.ac.uk; Brown, Catherine

Polycrystalline samples of Nd{sub 18}Li{sub 8}Fe{sub 4}M′O{sub 39} (M′=Al, Ga) and La{sub 18}Li{sub 8}Fe{sub 4.5}In{sub 0.5}O{sub 39} have been prepared by the ceramic method and characterised by neutron diffraction and magnetometry. All three compounds adopt a cubic structure (space group Pm3{sup ¯}n, a ∼12 Å) based on intersecting 〈1 1 1〉 chains of cation sites with alternating octahedral and prismatic coordination geometry. These sites are occupied by Li, Fe and M′ or In; Nd or La cations occupy sites between the chains. The cation distribution over the octahedral and prismatic sites within the chains is disordered in all three compounds.more » The Nd-containing compositions show spin-glass behaviour below ∼4.5 K whereas small, weakly-ferrimagnetic domains form in La{sub 18}Li{sub 8}Fe{sub 4.5}In{sub 0.5}O{sub 39} below 7.60 K. The dependence of the magnetic properties on the nature of the lanthanide cation is discussed. - Graphical abstract: At low temperatures Nd{sub 18}Li{sub 8}Fe{sub 4}M′O{sub 39} (M’=Al, Ga) behave as spin glasses whereas small ferrimagnetic domains form in La{sub 18}Li{sub 8}Fe{sub 4.5}In{sub 0.5}O{sub 39}. Display Omitted - Highlights: • p-Block cations can be accommodated in the La{sub 18}Li{sub 8}Rh{sub 5}O{sub 39} structure. • Small ferrimagnetic domains in La{sub 18}Li{sub 8}Fe{sub 4.5}In{sub 0.5}O{sub 39}. • Magnetic behaviour controlled by the lanthanide cation.« less

Tobacco Education Curriculum: Grade 4. Health Education: Substance Abuse Prevention.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Christine K.; And Others

This teaching guide for a tobacco education curriculum at the fourth grade level is part of a coordinated K-12 educational support program for reducing smoking. It includes a tobacco curriculum matrix for grades K-12, sample teaching methods, concepts and objectives for grades 4-6, and a resource materials list. The basic instructional concepts…

Mechanism of 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride hydrolysis and formation in aqueous solution.

PubMed

Barros, T C; Cuccovia, I M; Farah, J P S; Masini, J C; Chaimovich, H; Politi, M J

2006-01-07

The study of highly conjugated, carbonyl-containing molecules such as 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, III, is of interest since reactivity differences and transmission of electronic effects through the conjugated framework can be evidenced. The kinetics of hydrolysis of III in aqueous solution were determined from 5 M acid to pH 10. In basic solution hydrolysis of III yields, sequentially, 1,4,5,8-naphthalene diacid monoanhydride, II, and 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid, I. The second order rate constant for alkaline hydrolysis is 200 fold higher for the first ring opening. The water-catalyzed hydrolysis of III yields a pH-dependent mixture of ionic forms of I and II. The rate constant for water-catalyzed hydrolysis of III is 25 fold higher than that for II. In concentrated acid the rates for reaching equilibrium (I, II and III) increase and III is the major product. The pK(a)s of I (3.24, 5.13 and 6.25) and II (3.05, 5.90) were determined by potentiometric, fluorescence and UV spectroscopy titrations and by quantitative fit of the kinetic and equilibrium data. The apparent, pH-dependent, equilibrium constants, K(EqII), for anhydride formation between I and II were obtained from the UV spectra. The quantitative fit of kinetic and equilibrium data are consistent with the assumption that anhydride formation only proceeds with the fully protonated species for both I and II and permitted the estimation of the equilibrium constants for anhydride formation, K(EqII). The value of K(EqII) (I <==> II) between pH 1 and 6 was ca. 5. Geometry optimization calculations in the gas phase of the reactions of III in alkaline, neutral and acid conditions, at the DFT level of theory, gave electronic distributions that were qualitatively consistent with the experimental results.

7 CFR 29.3181 - Summary of standard grades.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMODITY STANDARDS AND STANDARD CONTAINER... T5GF T4F T4R T4VF T4GR T5F T5R T5VF T5GR T3FR T4D T4VR T4FR T5D T5VR T5FR T4K T4GF 8 Grades of Mixed...

7 CFR 29.3181 - Summary of standard grades.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMODITY STANDARDS AND STANDARD CONTAINER... T5GF T4F T4R T4VF T4GR T5F T5R T5VF T5GR T3FR T4D T4VR T4FR T5D T5VR T5FR T4K T4GF 8 Grades of Mixed...

Environmental Education, Values for the Future: Environmental Ethics. Grades 6-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois State Office of Education, Springfield.

This booklet on environmental ethics is one of a series in environmental education for grades K-12. The concept of man's role in helping to preserve the natural order and the importance of maintaining a pleasant environment is presented in this booklet for grades 6-8. Five basic concepts are listed, along with the behavioral objectives, subject…

X-Ray study of hetero ring flexibility in norbornane, norbornene-fused 1,3-oxazin-2-thiones Structure of 5,8-methano- r-4-phenyl-c-4a, c-5,6,7, c-8, c- 8a-hexahydro-4H- 1 ,3-benzoxazin-2 (3H)-thione

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kálmán, A.; Argay, Gy.; Stájer, G.; Bernáth, G.

1991-08-01

The structure of S,8-methano- r-4-phenyl c4a, c5,6,7 c8 c8ahexahydro4 H 1,3 -benzoxazin- 2 (3 H)-thione (C 15H 17N0S, M r=259.37) has been established by X-ray crystallography from diffractometer data: it crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2 1/n with a=6.150(2) Å, b=9.655(1) Å, c=22.093(4) Å,β=96.75(2)† V=1302.7(8) Å 3,4,D c=1.32gcm -3and p( Cu K) =20.4cm -. The structure has been solved by direct methods, refined to R=0.050 for 2193 observed reflections. The X-ray analysis substantiated the structure: the NMR spectra in- dicated that the 4-phenyl group assumes an exo-equatorial position. The puckering parameters of D. Cremer, J.A. Pople, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 97 (1975), 1354 (ref.1), of the distorted hetero ring (a transitional form between E 4-envelope, ( 5S 4-screw-boat) show that, depending on the positions of the hetero atoms, both the norbornane, norbornene skeletons markedly alter the characteristic transitional ( 5E/ 5H 6) shape of the 1,3-oxazine ring observed in other saturated, partly saturated l,3-benzoxazin-2-ones, analogous thiones.

Composite of K-doped (NH4)2V3O8/graphene as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries.

PubMed

Liu, Xin; Li, Zhiwei; Fei, Hailong; Wei, Mingdeng

2015-11-21

A layer structured K-doped (NH4)2V3O8/graphene (K-NVG) was prepared via a hydrothermal route and then used as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries for the first time. The K-NVG nanosheets have a diameter in the range of 200-500 nm. The K-NVG electrode exhibited stable cycling and a good rate performance with a reversible capacity of 235.4 mA h g(-1), which is much higher than the 90.5 mA h g(-1) value of the (NH4)2V3O8/graphene electrode after 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g(-1). Simultaneously, the retention rate was maintained at 82% even after 250 cycles at the current density of 300 mA g(-1). Such good electrochemical properties may be attributed to the K-NVG's stable layered structure.

Do Children See the "Danger" in "Dangerous"? Grade 4, 6, and 8 Children's Reading of Morphologically Complex Words

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deacon, S. Helene; Whalen, Rachel; Kirby, John R.

2011-01-01

We examined whether Grade 4, 6, and 8 children access the base form when reading morphologically complex words. We asked children to read words varying systematically in the frequency of the surface and base forms and in the transparency of the base form. At all grade levels, children were faster at reading derived words with high rather than low…

Composite lead for conducting an electrical current between 75--80K and 4. 5K temperatures

DOEpatents

Negm, Y.; Zimmerman, G.O.; Powers, R.E. Jr.; McConeghy, R.J.; Kaplan, A.

1994-12-27

A composite lead is provided which electrically links and conducts a current between about 75-80K and liquid helium temperature of about 4.5K. The composite lead may be employed singly or in multiples concurrently to provide conduction of electrical current from normal conductors and semi-conductors at room temperature to superconductors operating at 4.5K. In addition, a variety of organizational arrangements and assemblies are provided by which the mechanical strength and electrical reliability of the composite lead is maintained. 12 figures.

Composite lead for conducting an electrical current between 75-80K and 4.5K temperatures

DOEpatents

Negm, Yehia; Zimmerman, George O.; Powers, Jr., Robert E.; McConeghy, Randy J.; Kaplan, Alvaro

1994-12-27

A composite lead is provided which electrically links and conducts a current between about 75-80K. and liquid helium temperature of about 4.5K. The composite lead may be employed singly or in multiples concurrently to provide conduction of electrical current from normal conductors and semi-conductors at room temperature to superconductors operating at 4.5K. In addition, a variety of organizationl arrangements and assemblies are provided by which the mechanical strength and electrical reliability of the composite lead is maintained.

Comparing Achievement between K-8 and Middle Schools: A Large-Scale Empirical Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Byrnes, Vaughan; Ruby, Allen

2007-01-01

This study compares middle schools to K-8 schools, as well as to newly formed K-8 schools that are part of a K-8 conversion policy. The outcome is student achievement, and our sample includes 40,883 eighth-grade students from 95 schools across five cohorts. The analysis uses multilevel modeling to account for student, cohort, and school-level…

The D 2 k R 4 invariants of mathcal{N} = 8 supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Freedman, Daniel Z.; Tonni, Erik

2011-04-01

The existence of a linearized SUSY invariant for mathcal{N} = 8 supergravity whose gravitational components are usually called R 4 was established long ago by on-shell super-space arguments. Superspace and string theory methods have also established analogous higher dimensional D 2 k R 4 invariants. However, very little is known about the SUSY completions of these operators which involve other fields of the theory. In this paper we find the detailed component expansion of the linearized R 4 invariant starting from the corresponding superamplitude which generates all component matrix elements of the operator. It is then quite straightforward to extend results to the entire set of D 2 k R 4 operators.

Through My Eyes: A Child's View of World War II. Appropriate for Grades 5-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks, Margaret

This activity book is designed for grades 5-8 to look at America at home during World War II. The work examines the efforts of the men, women, and children who supported and supplied one of the greatest mobilizations of people and material that the world has ever witnessed. The activities were planned to compliment the exhibit of the same name,…

A Qualitative Analysis of the Bullying Prevention and Intervention Recommendations of Students in Grades 5 to 8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cunningham, Charles E.; Cunningham, Lesley J.; Ratcliffe, Jenna; Vaillancourt, Tracy

2010-01-01

Focus groups explored the bullying prevention suggestions of 62 Grade 5 to 8 students. Discussions were transcribed and analyzed thematically. Students advocated a comprehensive approach including uniforms, increased supervision, playground activities, group restructuring to prevent social isolation, influential presenters, prevention skills…

The Nation's Report Card: Mathematics 2011. National Assessment of Educational Progress at Grades 4 and 8. NCES 2012-458

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for Education Statistics, 2011

2011-01-01

This report presents results of the 2011 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in mathematics at grades 4 and 8. Nationally representative samples of 209,000 fourth-graders and 175,200 eighth-graders participated in the 2011 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in mathematics. At each grade, students responded to…

Efficient Synthesis of 4,8-Ditoluoyl-1,5-Dihydroxynaphthalene

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tyson, Daniel S.; Meador, Michael A.

2003-01-01

4,8-Ditoluoyl-1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene was synthesized in quantitative yield from the corresponding methylenequinone via base-catalyzed hydration. Alkaline treatment gives the title compound in one step with a 99% yield, an improvement of 80% compared to the acidic, two step literature method for preparing 4,8-dibenzoyl-1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene.

Synthesis of 6-Substituted-2,4-Diamino-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydropyrimido(4-5-d)Pyrimidines.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-10-01

triaminopyrihidifle with substituted Andines 2, 1. Anilines 2 2. 0-Arylhydroxylami nes 3 3. Benzylamines 4 4. O-Benzyl hydroxylamines 4 5. PhenylethylamineS 5 6...by hydrazinolysis of the phthaliinide intermediate. 5. Phenylethylamines The reaction of 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine with phenylethyl- amines and...5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido L!,5-d_1 pyrimidines were excellent. These products were summarized in Table 1. The phenylethylamines were usually prepared

Staff Development Project--Mathematics. Grades K-6. Revision.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaw, Jean M.; And Others

This manual was designed for use in conducting staff development sessions for elementary teachers of mathematics in Mississippi in grades K-6. The four topical areas treated in the document are: (1) measurement and geometry; (2) fractions; (3) procedural errors in arithmetic; and (4) problem solving. The number of instructional hours necessary for…

Violence Prevention in Daily Life and in Relationships. Health, Grades 5 to 8. Curriculum Support Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manitoba Dept. of Education and Training, Winnipeg.

In 1991, the Domestic Violence Review, commissioned by Manitoba Justice, recommended that schools in Manitoba integrate a component on domestic violence into the curriculum. This document presents a teaching support for Health Curriculum in Middle Years (Grades 5-8) designed to prevent violence in daily life and in relationships. The unit is…

Math Around the World: Grades 5-8. Teachers' Guide. Great Explorations in Math and Science (GEMS).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Braxton, Beverly; And Others

This document is a collection of eight games from four continents. Students use mathematics that is directly relevant to them as they take part in the games. The first five games (NIM, Kalah, Tower of Hanoi, Shongo Networks, and Magic Squares) feature presentation instructions that describe multiple-session classroom activities for grades 5-8.…

Into Adolescence: A Menu for Good Health. A Curriculum for Grades 5-8. Contemporary Health Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Laing, Susan J.

This module, oriented toward middle school students in grades 5-8, includes nine lessons designed to help students synthesize nutritional information and use it to improve their health. In lesson 1, students look at factors that influence food choices. Lesson 2 uses creative expression activities to help students learn about the role of nutrients.…

A Teaching Guide and Experience Units K-12. Social Studies. Grade Six.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arapahoe County School District 6, Littleton, CO.

The unit experiences for the K-12 curriculum, including these for grade 6, are outlined in SO 001 139. These units include the study of the culture, history, geography, and economics of regions of Latin American and Canada. Again, the emphasis for both grade 5 and grade 6 is twofold: 1) to know his American heritage, as well as to become aware of…

The 400W at 1.8K Test Facility at CEA-Grenoble

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roussel, P.; Girard, A.; Jager, B.; Rousset, B.; Bonnay, P.; Millet, F.; Gully, P.

2006-04-01

A new test facility with a cooling capacity respectively of 400W at 1.8K or 800W at 4.5K, is now under nominal operation in SBT (Low Temperature Department) at CEA Grenoble. It has been recently used for thermohydraulic studies of two phase superfluid helium in autumn 2004. In the near future, this test bench will allow: - to test industrial components at 1.8K (magnets, cavities of accelerators) - to continue the present studies on thermohydraulics of two phase superfluid helium - to develop and simulate new cooling loops for ITER Cryogenics, and other applications such as high Reynolds number flows This new facility consists of a cold box connected to a warm compressor station (one subatmospheric oil ring pump in series with two screw compressors). The cold box, designed by AIR LIQUIDE, comprises two centrifugal cold compressors, a cold turbine, a wet piston expander, counter flow heat exchangers and two phase separators at 4.5K and 1.8K. The new facility uses a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) connected to a bus for the measurements. The design is modular and will allow the use of saturated fluid flow (two phase flow at 1.8K or 4.5K) or single phase fluid forced flow. Experimental results and cooling capacity in different operation modes are detailed.

Molecular design of new nitramine explosives: 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-8-(nitromethyl)-4-imidazolino[4,5-b]4-imidazolino-[4,5-e] pyridine and its N-oxide.

PubMed

Liu, Hui; Du, Hongchen; Wang, Guixiang; Liu, Yan; Gong, Xuedong

2012-04-01

Two new nitramine compounds containing pyridine, 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-8-(nitromethyl) -4-imidazolino[4,5-b]4-imidazolino-[4,5-e]pyridine and its N-oxide 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-8- (nitromethyl)-4-imidazolino[4,5-b]4-imidazolino-[4,5-e]pyridine-4-ol were proposed. Density functional theory (DFT) has been employed to study the molecular geometries, electronic structures, infrared spectra, and thermodynamic properties at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. Their detonation performances evaluated using the Kamlet-Jacobs equations with the calculated densities and heats of formation are superior to those of HMX. The predicted densities of them were ca. 2 g cm(-3), detonation velocities were over 9 km s(-1), and detonation pressures were about 40 GPa, showing that they may be potential candidates of high energy density materials (HEDMs). The natural bond orbital analysis indicated that N-NO(2) bond is the trigger bond during thermolysis process. The stability of the title compounds is slightly lower than that of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12- hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20). The results of this study may provide basic information for the molecular design of new HEDMs.

Graded Course of Study, Science (K-12).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Euclid City Schools, OH.

This course of study specifies the science skills and concepts that are to be taught in the various grades of the Euclid (Ohio) City Schools. Included are instructional objectives for the life, physical, and earth sciences for grades K to 6, suggested field trips and planetarium schedules (by elementary grade levels), and scope and sequence charts…

The Effects of Various Middle-Grade Configurations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sailor, Perry

This paper summarizes research relevant to the Austin Independent School District's proposal to move sixth graders from an elementary school (K-6 or K,4-6) to a middle school (6-8) grade grouping. A summary of the evolution of middle-grade education is presented. Three areas affected by grade organization are discussed: academic achievement,…

Parent and Peer Links to Trajectories of Anxious Withdrawal From Grades 5 to 8

PubMed Central

Booth-LaForce, Cathryn; Oh, Wonjung; Kennedy, Amy E.; Rubin, Kenneth H.; Rose-Krasnor, Linda; Laursen, Brett

2013-01-01

Individual differences in trajectories of anxious withdrawal were examined from Grades 5 to 8 across the transition to middle school in a community sample (N = 283), using General Growth Mixture Modeling. Three distinct pathways of anxious withdrawal were identified: low-stable (78%), high-decreasing (12%), and high-increasing (10%). In Grade 6, relative to the low-stable class, greater peer exclusion and more free time spent with mother predicted membership in the high-decreasing class; higher peer exclusion predicted membership in the high-increasing class. Within the high-increasing class, the growth of anxious withdrawal was predicted by lower parental autonomy-granting, less free time with mother, both nurturing and restrictive parenting, and greater peer exclusion. Results highlight the role of both parent–child relationship and peer difficulties in increasing the adjustment risk among youth who are anxiously withdrawn prior to the middle-school transition. PMID:22417188

The Study of Success of Individuals with Exceptional Needs in Tennessee Virtual Academy in Grades 5-8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vernon, Nichole

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the success of students in Exceptional Education in Tennessee Virtual Academy. Students participating in this study are in grades 5-8, have a diagnosis of Specific Learning Disabilities, residents of Tennessee, currently enrolled in Tennessee Virtual Academy, and received Exceptional Education services.…

Nutrition Education and Body Mass Index in Grades K-12: A Systematic Review.

PubMed

Price, Cayla; Cohen, Deborah; Pribis, Peter; Cerami, Jean

2017-09-01

Overweight and obese body mass index (BMI) status affects an increasing number of children in the United States. The school setting has been identified as a focus area to implement obesity prevention programs. A database search of PubMed, Education Search Complete, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) was conducted for peer-reviewed articles published between January 2005 and December 2015 pertaining to programs offered in the school setting to grades K-12 in the United States with a nutrition education component and measured BMI percentile or BMI z-score as an outcome. Seven studies focused on elementary (K-5) populations and 2 studies focused on grades 6-8. Among the 9 identified studies, those with long-term (greater than 1 year) implementation showed more pronounced results with positive impact on reducing overweight/obese BMI measures. This set of studies suggests that long-term nutrition education delivered in the school setting can provide children with tools to attain a healthy weight status. Additional studies examining participants' BMI status years after the initial study, and studies examining programs in grades 9-12 are needed to determine the most effective delivery time and methods. © 2017, American School Health Association.

Enterovirus inhibitory activity of C-8-tert-butyl substituted 4-aryl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidin-5(4H)-ones.

PubMed

Kumar Biswas, Bishyajit; Malpani, Yashwardhan R; Ha, Neul; Kwon, Do-Hyun; Soo Shin, Jin; Kim, Hae-Soo; Kim, Chonsaeng; Bong Han, Soo; Lee, Chong-Kyo; Jung, Young-Sik

2017-08-01

Members of a series of 4-aryl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidin-5(4H)-ones (1, Fig. 2) were prepared and tested against representative enteroviruses including Human Coxsackievirus B1 (Cox B1), Human Coxsackievirus B3 (Cox B3), human Poliovirus 3 (PV3), human Rhinovirus 14 (HRV14), human Rhinovirus 21 (HRV 21) and human Rhinovirus 71 (HRV 71). The C-8-tert-butyl group on the tetrahydrobenzene ring in these substances was found to be crucial for their enterovirus activity. One member of this group, 1e, showed single digit micromolar activities (1.6-8.85μM) against a spectrum of viruses screened, and the highest selectivity index (SI) values for Cox B1 (>11.2), for Cox B3 (>11.5), and for PV3 (>51.2), respectively. In contrast, 1p, was the most active analog against the selected HRVs (1.8-2.6μM), and showed the highest selectivity indices among the group of compounds tested. The SI values for 1p were 11.5 for HRV14, 8.4 for HRV21, and 12.1 for HRV71, respectively. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Pedestrian Safety, Grades K-1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic safety skills, this curriculum guide contains thirteen lessons on pedestrian safety for use in kindergarten and grade 1. Introductory information provided for the teacher includes basic highway safety concepts, stressing…

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Passenger Safety, Grades K-1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic safety skills, this curriculum guide contains nine lessons for use in kindergarten and grade 1. Introductory information provided for the teacher includes basic highway safety concepts, stressing communication methods for highway…

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Bicycle Safety, Grades K-1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic safety skills, this curriculum guide contains nine lessons on sidewalk vehicles and bicycles for use in kindergarten and grade 1. Introductory information provided for the teacher includes basic highway safety concepts, stressing…

Seeing the "Harm" in "Harmed" and "Harmful": Morphological Processing by Children in Grades 4, 6, and 8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deacon, S. Helene; Campbell, Emily; Tamminga, Meredith; Kirby, John

2010-01-01

This study examined morphological processing of inflected and derived words by children in Grades 4, 6, and 8. Participants were shown root forms and inflected, derived, and orthographic control items (e.g., "harm", "harmed", "harmful", or "harmony"), followed by a fragment completion task (e.g., completing "h a_ _"). Participants were equally…

PCE/K-10 Activities for Career Education, Grades 4-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Portland Public Schools, OR. Area II Office.

The Portland (Oregon) Public School Project Career Education (PCE) Activities for grades 4-6 is based on the city's overall Area 2 program goals for career education which proposed that children completing school should have sufficient knowledge and competencies to enter into a field of employment or an advanced training program in that field.…

Addition polymers from 1,4,5,8-tetrahydro-1,4;5,8-diepoxyanthracene and Bis-dienes: Processable resins for high temperature application

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meador, Mary Ann B.

1987-01-01

1,4,5,8-Tetrahydro-1,4;5,8-diepoxyanthracene reacts with various anthracene endcapped polyimide oligomers to form Diels-Alder cycloaddition copolymers. The polymers are soluble in common organic solvents, and have molecular weights of approximately 21,000 to 32,000. Interestingly, these resins appear to be more stable in air then in nitrogen. This is shown to be due to a unique dehydration (loss of water ranges from 2 to 5 percent) at temperatures of 390 to 400 C to give thermo-oxidatively stable pentiptycene units along the polymer backbone. Because of their high softening points and good thermo-oxidative stability, the polymers have potential as processible, matrix resins for high temperature composite applications.

Framework for Nutrition Education: A Guide for Elementary Teachers, Grades K-6. Bulletin 1976, No. 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabama State Dept. of Education, Montgomery. Div. of Administration and Finance.

The purpose of this guide is to provide a framework on which elementary school teachers (K through 6) can build a nutrition program that can be implemented into the existing curriculum. Founded on the importance of early and sound education for instilling good nutrition habits, the guide is divided into three grade levels: K through 2 (Discovering…

Phylogenetic and biological characterization of three K1203 (H5N8)-like avian influenza A virus reassortants in China in 2014.

PubMed

Li, Juan; Gu, Min; Liu, Dong; Liu, Benqi; Jiang, Kaijun; Zhong, Lei; Liu, Kaituo; Sun, Wenqi; Hu, Jiao; Wang, Xiaoquan; Hu, Shunlin; Liu, Xiaowen; Liu, Xiufan

2016-02-01

Three H5N8 avian influenza viruses isolated from domestic geese in China in 2014 were characterized phylogenetically and biologically. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genomic sequences of the three isolates from this study and those of 61 other H5N8 viruses retrieved from the GISAID platform indicated that, chronologically and geographically, all H5N8 viruses of the Asian H5N1 HA lineage of clade 2.3.4.4 are the direct descendents of the K1203 (H5N8)-like viruses first isolated in China in 2010. The three viruses from this study shared high sequence similarity in all eight gene segments with three other isolates from China in 2013, and two Korean isolates were distinct from the recently circulating reassortants causing outbreaks in Asia, Europe and the United States in 2014 and 2015. In vitro viral growth curves indicated that these H5N8 viruses replicated to high titers in CEF, DEF, MDCK and A549 cells but to significantly lower titers in Vero cells. Pathogenicity studies in vivo indicated that these viruses were all highly virulent to chickens and mallard ducks, while they varied from moderate to high virulence in mice. Additionally, hemagglutination assays using α-2,3-sialidase-treated goose red blood cells and solid-phase direct binding assays with different glycans demonstrated that the three viruses could bind to both avian-type SAα-2,3Gal and human-type SAα-2,6Gal receptors. Our findings confirmed the progenitor nature of the K1203-like viruses in generating recent prevalent clade 2.3.4.4 H5N8 reassortants, which have caused tremendous damage to the poultry industry and are a potential threat to public health.

Examining Differentiation and Utilization of iPads across Content Areas in an Independent, PreK-4th Grade Elementary School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Milman, Natalie B.; Carlson-Bancroft, Angela; Vanden Boogart, Amy

2014-01-01

This mixed methods case study examined the implementation of a 1:1 iPad initiative in a suburban, co-educational, independent, preK-4th grade elementary school in the United States. This article focuses on how teachers used iPads to differentiate instruction and across multiple content areas. Findings show the processes by which teachers employed…

Air liquide 1.8 K refrigeration units for CERN LHC project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hilbert, Benoît; Gistau-Baguer, Guy M.; Caillaud, Aurélie

2002-05-01

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be CERN's next research instrument for high energy physics. This 27 km long circular accelerator will make intensive use of superconducting magnets, operated below 2.0 K. It will thus require high capacity refrigeration below 2.0 K [1, 2]. Coupled to a refrigerator providing 18 kW equivalent at 4.5 K [3], these systems will be able to absorb a cryogenic power of 2.4 kW at 1.8 K in nominal conditions. Air Liquide has designed one Cold Compressor System (CCS) pre-series for CERN-preceding 3 more of them (among 8 in total located around the machine). These systems, making use of cryogenic centrifugal compressors in a series arrangement coupled to room temperature screw compressors, are presented. Key components characteristics will be given.

Oxothiomolybdenum derivatives of the superlacunary crown heteropolyanion {P8W48}: structure of [K4{Mo4O4S4(H2O)3(OH)2}2(WO2)(P8W48O184)]30– and studies in solution.

PubMed

Korenev, Vladimir S; Floquet, Sébastien; Marrot, Jérôme; Haouas, Mohamed; Mbomekallé, Israël-Martyr; Taulelle, Francis; Sokolov, Maxim N; Fedin, Vladimir P; Cadot, Emmanuel

2012-02-20

Reaction of the cyclic lacunary [H(7)P(8)W(48)O(184)](33-) anion (noted P(8)W(48)) with the [Mo(2)S(2)O(2)(H(2)O)(6)](2+) oxothiocation led to two compounds, namely, [K(4){Mo(4)O(4)S(4)(H(2)O)(3)(OH)(2)}(2)(WO(2))(P(8)W(48)O(184))](30-) (denoted 1) and [{Mo(4)O(4)S(4)(H(2)O)(3)(OH)(2)}(2)(P(8)W(48)O(184))](36-) (denoted 2), which were characterized in the solid state and solution. In the solid state, the structure of [K(4){Mo(4)O(4)S(4)(H(2)O)(3)(OH)(2)}(2)(WO(2))(P(8)W(48)O(184))](30-) reveals the presence of two disordered {Mo(4)O(4)S(4)(H(2)O)(3)(OH)(2)}(2+) "handles" connected on both sides of the P(8)W(48) ring. Such a disorder is consistent with the presence of two geometrical isomers where the relative disposition of the two {Mo(4)O(4)S(4)(H(2)O)(3)(OH)(2)}(2+) handles are arranged in a perpendicular or parallel mode. Such an interpretation is fully supported by (31)P and (183)W NMR solution studies. The relative stability of both geometrical isomers appears to be dependent upon the nature of the internal alkali cations, i.e., Na(+) vs K(+), and increased lability of the two {Mo(4)O(4)S(4)(H(2)O)(3)(OH)(2)}(2+) handles, compared to the oxo analogous, was clearly identified by significant broadening of the (31)P and (183)W NMR lines. Solution studies carried out by UV-vis spectroscopy showed that formation of the adduct [{Mo(4)O(4)S(4)(H(2)O)(3)(OH)(2)}(2)(P(8)W(48)O(184))](36-) occurs in the 1.5-4.7 pH range and corresponds to a fast and quantitative condensation process. Furthermore, (31)P NMR titrations in solution reveal formation of the "monohandle" derivative [{Mo(4)O(4)S(4)(H(2)O)(3)(OH)(2)}(P(8)W(48)O(184))](38-) as an intermediate prior to formation of the "bishandle" derivatives. Furthermore, the electrochemical behavior of [{Mo(4)O(4)S(4)(H(2)O)(3)(OH)(2)}(2)(P(8)W(48)O(184))](36-) was studied in aqueous medium and compared with the parent anion P(8)W(48).

Synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of new layered phosphate halides Sr2Cu5(PO4)4X2·8H2O (X = Cl, Br) with a crown-like building unit.

PubMed

Qiu, Chaoqun; He, Zhangzhen; Cui, Meiyan; Tang, Yingying; Chen, Sihuai

2017-03-27

Two new compounds Sr 2 Cu 5 (PO 4 ) 4 X 2 ·8H 2 O (X = Cl and Br) are synthesized by a conventional hydrothermal method. Sr 2 Cu 5 (PO 4 ) 4 Cl 2 ·8H 2 O crystallizes in the tetragonal system with a space group of P42 1 2, while Sr 2 Cu 5 (PO 4 ) 4 Br 2 ·8H 2 O crystallizes in the space group P4/nmm, which are found to have a similar framework of layered structure, in which the crown-like {Cu 5 (PO 4 ) 4 X 2 } building units connect to each other forming a 2D corrugated sheet with vacancies, while the Sr 2+ cations are located along the vacancies. The spin lattice of two compounds built by Cu 2+ ions shows a new type of corrugated square. Magnetic measurements confirmed that both Sr 2 Cu 5 (PO 4 ) 4 X 2 ·8H 2 O (X = Cl and Br) exhibit antiferromagnetic ordering at low temperatures. A fit of theoretical model shows exchange interaction J = -25.62 K for the Cl-analogue and J/k B = -26.47 K for the Br-analogue.

5-year operation experience with the 1.8 K refrigeration units of the LHC cryogenic system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferlin, G.; Tavian, L.; Claudet, S.; Pezzetti, M.

2015-12-01

Since 2009, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is in operation at CERN. The LHC superconducting magnets distributed over eight sectors of 3.3-km long are cooled at 1.9 K in pressurized superfluid helium. The nominal operating temperature of 1.9 K is produced by eight 1.8-K refrigeration units based on centrifugal cold compressors (3 or 4 stages depending to the vendor) combined with warm volumetric screw compressors with sub-atmospheric suction. After about 5 years of continuous operation, we will present the results concerning the availability for the final user of these refrigeration units and the impact of the design choice on the recovery time after a system trip. We will also present the individual results for each rotating machinery in terms of failure origin and of Mean Time between Failure (MTBF), as well as the consolidations and upgrades applied to these refrigeration units.

The ternary system K2SO4MgSO4CaSO4

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rowe, J.J.; Morey, G.W.; Silber, C.C.

1967-01-01

Melting and subsolidus relations in the system K2SO4MgSO4CaSO4 were studied using heating-cooling curves, differential thermal analysis, optics, X-ray diffraction at room and high temperatures and by quenching techniques. Previous investigators were unable to study the binary MgSO4CaSO4 system and the adjacent area in the ternary system because of the decomposition of MgSO4 and CaSO4 at high temperatures. This problem was partly overcome by a novel sealed-tube quenching method, by hydrothermal synthesis, and by long-time heating in the solidus. As a result of this study, we found: (1) a new compound, CaSO4??3MgSO4 (m.p. 1201??C) with a field extending into the ternary system; (2) a high temperature form of MgSO4 with a sluggishly reversible inversion. An X-ray diffraction pattern for this polymorphic form is given; (3) the inversion of ??-CaSO4 (anhydrite) to ??-CaSO4 at 1195??C, in agreement with grahmann; (1) (4) the melting point of MgSO4 is 1136??C and that of CaSO4 is 1462??C (using sealed tube methods to prevent decomposition of the sulphates); (5) calcium langbeinite (K2SO4??2CaSO4) is the only compound in the K2SO4CaSO4 binary system. This resolved discrepancies in the results of previous investigators; (6) a continuous solid solution series between congruently melting K2SOP4??2MgSO4 (langbeinite) and incongruently melting K2SO4??2CaSO4 (calcium langbeinite); (7) the liquidus in the ternary system consists of primary phase fields of K2SO4, MgSO4, CaSO4, langbeinite-calcium langbeinite solid solution, and CaSO4??3MgSO4. The CaSO4 field extends over a large portion of the system. Previously reported fields for the compounds (K2SO4??MgSO4??nCaSO4), K2SO4??3CaSO4 and K2SO4??CaSO4 were not found; (8) a minimum in the ternary system at: 740??C, 25% MgSO4, 6% CaSO4, 69% K2SO4; and ternary eutectics at 882??C, 49% MgSO4, 19% CaSO4, 32% K2SO4; and 880??, 67??5% MgSO4, 5% CaSO4, 27??5% K2SO4. ?? 1967.

Into Adolescence: Learning about HIV. Curriculum for Grades 5-8. Contemporary Health Series. [Teachers' Guide] Revised Edition. Student Workbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Post, Jory; McPherson, Carole

Through a variety of learning strategies, this curriculum guide provides an age-appropriate Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) education for students grades 5-8. An introduction incorporates curriculum objectives, classroom environment, teacher responsibilities, time, instructional strategies, parental involvement and support, and…

K-8 Career Awareness/Exploration Curriculum Materials. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grimes, Daniel B.

To assist local school districts by making available curriculum materials that can be incorporated into the regular instructional program, a set of career awareness curriculum kits were developed by elementary and junior high school teachers in Oregon for grades K-8. The curriculum was based upon five program goals which were mastered by a set of…

Basic Curriculum Guide--Science. Grades K-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Starr, John W., 3rd., Ed.

GRADES OR AGES: K-6. SUBJECT MATTER: Science. ORGANIZATION AND PHYSICAL APPEARANCE: The guide is in two parts--the background, philosophy, and instructional principles of science teaching, including a resource unit model, and the development by grade level of the various basic scientific concepts. The guide also includes information of…

Completing the Cycle: It's Up to You. Phase 2, An Integrated Unit in Environmental Education, Grades 4-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Indiana State Dept. of Education, Indianapolis. Center for School Improvement and Performance.

This curriculum module is designed to provide teachers with classroom activities that promote an understanding of environmental issues such as conservation, preservation, ecology, resource management, solid waste management, and recycling. The activities enable teachers, students in grades 4 through 8, and families to begin thinking about these…

Under Construction: Benchmark Assessments and Common Core Math Implementation in Grades K-8. Formative Evaluation Cycle Report for the Math in Common Initiative, Volume 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flaherty, John, Jr.; Sobolew-Shubin, Alexandria; Heredia, Alberto; Chen-Gaddini, Min; Klarin, Becca; Finkelstein, Neal D.

2014-01-01

Math in Common® (MiC) is a five-year initiative that supports a formal network of 10 California school districts as they implement the Common Core State Standards in mathematics (CCSS-M) across grades K-8. As the MiC initiative moves into its second year, one of the central activities that each of the districts is undergoing to support CCSS…

Structural Validity of CLASS K-3 in Primary Grades: Testing Alternative Models

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sandilos, Lia E.; Shervey, Sarah Wollersheim; DiPerna, James C.; Lei, Puiwa; Cheng, Weiyi

2017-01-01

This study examined the internal structure of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS; K-3 version). The original CLASS K-3 model (Pianta, La Paro, & Hamre, 2008) and 5 alternative models were tested using confirmatory factor analysis with a sample of first- and second-grade classrooms (N = 141). Findings indicated that a slightly…

The two-dimensional tunnel structures of K3Sb5O14 and K2Sb4O11

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hong, H. Y.-P.

1974-01-01

The structures of K3Sb5O14 and K2Sb4O11 have been solved by the single-crystal X-ray direct method and the heavy-atom method, respectively. The structure of K3Sb5O14 is orthorhombic, with space group Pbam and cell parameters a = 24.247 (4), b = 7.157 (2), c = 7.334 (2) A, Z = 4. The structure of K2Sb4O11 is monoclinic, with space group C2/m and cell parameters a = 19.473 (4), b = 7.542 (1), c = 7.198 (1) A, beta = 94.82 (2) deg, Z = 4. A full-matrix least-squares refinement gave R = 0.072 and R = 0.067, respectively. In both structures, oxygen atoms form an octahedron around each Sb atom and an irregular polyhedron around each K atom. By sharing corners and edges, the octahedra form a skeleton network having intersecting b-axis and c-axis tunnels. The K(+) ions, which have more than ten oxygen near neighbors, are located in these tunnels. Evidence for K(+)-ion transport within and between tunnels comes from ion exchange of the alkali ions in molten salts and anisotropic temperature factors that are anomalously large in the direction of the tunnels.

High power thyristors with 5 kV blocking voltage. Volume 1: Development of high-voltage-thyristors (4.5 kV) with good dynamic properties

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lock, K.; Patalong, H.; Platzoeder, K.

1979-01-01

Using neutron irradiated silicon with considerably lower spread in resistivity as compared to conventionally doped silicon it was possible to produce power thyristors with breakdown voltages between 3.5 kV and 5.5 kV. The thyristor pellets have a diameter of 50 mm. Maximum average on-state currents of 600 to 800 A can be reached with these elements. The dynamic properties of the thryistors could be improved to allow standard applications up to maximum repetitive voltages of 4.5 kV.

STM/STS study of superconducting properties in Ca10(Pt4As8)(Fe2As2)5

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Jisun; Nam, Hyoungdo; Li, Guorong; Karki, Amar; Shih, Chih-Kang; Zhang, Jiandi; Jin, Rongying; Plummer, E. W.

2014-03-01

Newly discovered iron-based superconductor, Ca10(Pt4As8)(Fe2As2)5 (Tc = 34 K) is studied using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S). Given the symmetry of the crystal structure, several surface terminations are expected with roughly same probability: 1) Ca or partial Ca layer on top Fe2As2; 2) Ca or partial Ca layer on top Pt4As8 layer; 3) A Fe2As2 layer, and; 4) A Pt4As8layer.Surprisingly,Fe2As2 related layers (1 & 3) are rarely observed (less than 1%). Instead, we observe Pt4As8 layers separated by unit-cell-high (~ 1 nm) steps accompanied with Ca or partial Ca layer on top Pt4As8 layer (1 - 2 Å step height). Scanning tunneling spectroscopy reveals different spectra for each surface, with superconducting coherence peaks seen only on Ca layers. We argue that intermediary layers are proximity-coupled to superconducting Fe2As2 layers. The results from Ca10(Pt4As8)(Fe2As2)5 are discussed with the properties observed in other iron-based superconductors. Funded by NSF

The Influence of Length of School Day on Grade 4 and Grade 5 Language Arts and Mathematics Performance in the State of New Jersey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Plevier, Meghan M.

2016-01-01

The purpose of this relational, non-experimental, explanatory, cross sectional study with quantitative methods was to explain the influence of length of school day, if any, on Grade 4 and Grade 5 student achievement in Language Arts and Mathematics as measured by the high-stakes New Jersey standardized test entitled New Jersey Assessment of Skills…

Tools and Traits for Highly Effective Science Teaching, K-8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vasquez, Jo Anne

2007-01-01

Even if the reader has little formal training or background knowledge in science, "Tools & Traits for Highly Effective Science Teaching, K-8" pulls together cognitive and educational research to present an indispensable framework for science in the elementary and middle grades. Readers will discover teaching that increases students' engagement and…

Patriotic Observances. Grades K-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manitoba Dept. of Education, Winnipeg.

Materials and suggestions to help teachers in grades K-6 highlight special dates that hold significance for Canadian children are provided. The purpose is to arouse an awareness in children of their Canadian identity. The "patriotic observances" should take place at the beginning of every school day. Materials concerning Canadian natural…

Preservice Teachers' Perspectives on 'Appropriate' K-8 Climate Change and Environmental Science Topics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ford, D. J.

2013-12-01

With the release of the Next Generation Science Standards (NRC, 2013), climate change and related environmental sciences will now receive greater emphasis within science curricula at all grade levels. In grades K-8, preparation in foundational content (e.g., weather and climate, natural resources, and human impacts on the environment) and the nature of scientific inquiry will set the groundwork for later learning of climate change in upper middle and high school. These rigorous standards increase pressure on elementary and middle school teachers to possess strong science content knowledge, as well as experience supporting children to develop scientific ideas through the practices of science. It also requires a set of beliefs - about children and the science that is appropriate for them - that is compatible with the goals set out in the standards. Elementary teachers in particular, who often have minimal preparation in the earth sciences (NSF, 2007), and entrenched beliefs about how particular topics ought to be taught (Holt- Reynolds, 1992; Pajares, 1992), including climate change (Bryce & Day, 2013; Lambert & Bleicher, 2013), may face unique challenges in adjusting to the new standards. If teachers hold beliefs about climate change as controversial, for example, they may not consider it an appropriate topic for children, despite its inclusion in the standards. On the other hand, those who see a role for children in efforts to mitigate human impacts on the environment may be more enthusiastic about the new standards. We report on a survey of preservice K-8 teachers' beliefs about the earth and environmental science topics that they consider to be appropriate and inappropriate for children in grades K-3, 4-5, and 6-8. Participants were surveyed on a variety of standards-based topics using terminology that signals publicly and scientifically neutral (e.g. weather, ecosystems) to overtly controversial (evolution, global warming) science. Results from pilot data

Into Adolescence: Caring for Our Planet and Our Health. A Curriculum for Grades 5-8. Contemporary Health Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunter, Lisa K.

This module, written for middle school students in grades 5-8, is oriented toward informing students about environmental issues in relation to their own health and well-being. It is deliberately focused on a few issues that will interest young adolescents, and is not intended to be comprehensive. The six lessons stress individual action and…

4,4',5'-trimethyl-8-azapsoralen, a new-photoreactive and non-skin-phototoxic bifunctional bioisoster of psoralen.

PubMed

Vedaldi, D; Dall'Acqua, F; Caffieri, S; Baccichetti, F; Carlassare, F; Bordin, F; Chilin, A; Guiotto, A

1991-01-01

Photochemical and photobiological properties of a new isoster of psoralen, 4,4',5'-trimethyl-8-azapsoralen (4,4',5'-TMAP), have been studied. This compound shows a high DNA-photobinding rate, higher than that of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), forming both monoadducts and inter-strand cross-links. The yield of cross-links, however, is markedly lower than that of 8-MOP. Antiproliferative activity of 4,4',5'-TMAP, in terms of DNA synthesis inhibition in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, is higher than that of 8-MOP. Mutagenic activity on E. coli WP2 R46+ cells appeared similar to or even lower than that of 8-MOP. This new compound applied on depilated guinea pig skin and irradiated with UVA did not show any skin-phototoxicity. On the basis of these properties 4,4',5'-TMAP appears to be a potential photochemotherapeutic agent.

Scintillation properties of Eu 2+-doped KBa 2I 5 and K 2BaI 4

DOE PAGES

Stand, L.; Zhuravleva, M.; Chakoumakos, Bryan C.; ...

2015-09-25

We report two new ternary metal halide scintillators, KBa 2I 5 and K 2BaI 4, activated with divalent europium. Single crystal X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed that KBa 2I 5 has a monoclinic structure (P2 1/c) and that K 2BaI 4 has a rhombohedral structure (R3c). Differential scanning calorimetry showed singular melting and crystallization points, making these compounds viable candidates for melt growth. We grew 13 mm diameter single crystals of KBa 2I 5:Eu 2+ and K 2BaI 4:Eu2+ in evacuated quartz ampoules via the vertical Bridgman technique. The optimal Eu 2+ concentration was 4% for KBa 2I 5 and 7%more » for K 2BaI 4. The X-ray excited emissions at 444 nm for KBa 2I 5:Eu 4% and 448 nm for K 2BaI 4:Eu 7% arise from the 5d-4f radiative transition in Eu 2+. KBa 2I 5:Eu 4% has a light yield of 90,000 photons/MeV, with an energy resolution of 2.4% and K 2BaI 4:Eu 7% has a light yield of 63,000 ph/MeV, with an energy resolution of 2.9% at 662 keV. Both crystals have an excellent proportional response to a wide range of gamma-ray energies.« less

A New Approach to School Camping Grades K-6, Some Suggestions for Outdoor Investigations in Science-Conservation for Camps, Parks, Playground, and Sanctuaries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Busch, Phyllis S.

Contained are some of the instructional materials developed by the Science Project Related to Upgrading Conservation Education. Outdoor activities for elementary school children, suitable for use in camps, parks, playgrounds or sanctuaries are described. Programs are designed for one-day (K-4), two-day (grade 5), and three-day (grade 6) camps, and…

Inferior turbinate classification system, grades 1 to 4: development and validation study.

PubMed

Camacho, Macario; Zaghi, Soroush; Certal, Victor; Abdullatif, Jose; Means, Casey; Acevedo, Jason; Liu, Stanley; Brietzke, Scott E; Kushida, Clete A; Capasso, Robson

2015-02-01

To develop a validated inferior turbinate grading scale. Development and validation study. Phase 1 development (alpha test) consisted of a proposal of 10 different inferior turbinate grading scales (>1,000 clinic patients). Phase 2 validation (beta test) utilized 10 providers grading 27 standardized endoscopic photos of inferior turbinates using two different classification systems. Phase 3 validation (pilot study) consisted of 100 live consecutive clinic patients (n = 200 inferior turbinates) who were each prospectively graded by 18 different combinations of two independent raters, and grading was repeated by each of the same two raters, two separate times for each patient. In the development phase, 25% (grades 1-4) and 33% (grades 1-4) were the most useful systems. In the validation phase, the 25% classification system was found to be the best balance between potential clinical utility and ability to grade; the photo grading demonstrated a Cohen's kappa (κ) = 0.4671 ± 0.0082 (moderate inter-rater agreement). Live-patient grading with the 25% classification system demonstrated an overall inter-rater reliability of 71.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 64.8-77.3), with overall substantial agreement (κ = 0.704 ± 0.028). Intrarater reliability was 91.5% (95% CI: 88.7-94.3). Distribution for the 200 inferior turbinates was as follows: 25% quartile = grade 1, 50% quartile (median) = grade 2, 75% quartile = grade 3, and 90% quartile = grade 4. Mean turbinate size was 2.22 (95% CI: 2.07-2.34; standard deviation 1.02). Categorical κ was as follows: grade 1, 0.8541 ± 0.0289; grade 2, 0.7310 ± 0.0289; grade 3, 0.6997 ± 0.0289, and grade 4, 0.7760 ± 0.0289. The 25% (grades 1-4) inferior turbinate classification system is a validated grading scale with high intrarater and inter-rater reliability. This system can facilitate future research by tracking the effect of interventions on inferior turbinates. 2c. © 2014 The

Effectiveness of school- and family-based interventions to prevent gaming addiction among grades 4-5 students in Bangkok, Thailand.

PubMed

Apisitwasana, Nipaporn; Perngparn, Usaneya; Cottler, Linda B

2018-01-01

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Participatory Learning School and Family Based Intervention Program for Preventing Game Addiction by Developing Self-Regulation of gaming addiction among students of grades 4 and 5 in Bangkok. A quasi-experimental study was implemented among students of grades 4 and 5 at primary schools in Bangkok selected through multistage random sampling. Two comparable schools were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Then, 310 students in the randomly selected classrooms were allocated to each group. The intervention group received the self-regulation program with school and family involvement to prevent gaming addiction. Master teachers attended in-house training on prevention of gaming addiction in children. Parents of these children received a gaming addiction prevention manual and guidelines. The program lasted 8 weeks. The control group received no intervention. Knowledge and Attitude About Gaming Questionnaire, Game Addiction Screening Test (GAST), and Game Addiction Protection Scale were utilized to assess subjects at baseline, immediately after, and 3 months post-intervention. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, and independent t -test were used to describe characteristics of the participants, and repeated measures ANOVA was analyzed to test the effectiveness of the intervention. The findings revealed that there were significant differences in knowledge, attitude, self-regulation, and gaming addiction behaviors ( p < 0.05) immediately and 3 months post-intervention. Positive effects of the intervention included increase in knowledge, attitude, and self-regulation, whereas the GAST score was significantly decreased ( p < 0.05) immediately and 3 months after the program. The program based on self-regulation and school and family participation is effective for preventing gaming addiction in students of grades 4 and 5 in Bangkok, Thailand.

Assessing the Effectiveness of a Mathematics-Focused, Instructional Technology Program for Grades 6-8: A 5-Year Trend Analysis of NASA CONNECT(tm) Evaluation Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Glassman, Nanci A.; Perry, Jeannine B.; Giersch, Christopher E.; Lambert, Matthew A.; Pinelli, Thomas E.

2004-01-01

NASA CONNECT is a research-, inquiry, and standards-based, integrated mathematics, science, and technology series of 30-minute instructional distance learning (television and web-based) programs for students in grades 6 8. Respondents who evaluated the programs in the series over the first five seasons (1998-99 through 2002-03) reported that (1) they used the programs in the series; (2) the goals and objectives for the series were met; (3) the programs were aligned with the national mathematics, science, and technology standards; (4) the program content was developmentally appropriate for the grade level; and (5) the programs in the series enhanced and enriched the teaching of mathematics, science, and technology.

How (and How Much) Do Schools Matter? Variation in K-8th Grade Achievement Trajectories in a National Sample

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwartz, Kate; Cappella, Elise; Scott, Marc; Seidman, Edward; Kim, Ha Yeon

2015-01-01

The current study extends research on the transition to early adolescence and middle grade schools by examining students' achievement trajectories from school entry through 8th grade in a national sample, and beginning to disassociate the role of school context and school grade configuration in achievement trajectories. Data were drawn from the…

Health and Nutrition Curriculum. Informative and Fun for K-8!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Heart Savers Association, Omaha, NE.

This health and nutrition curriculum for students in grades K-8 teaches students good health habits in order to improve their quality of life. The curriculum consists of a series of activity sheets that offer entertaining and educational activities designed to motivate students to learn while they have fun. Each activity sheet contains a…

8-Substituted Pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one Derivatives As Potent, Cell Permeable, KDM4 (JMJD2) and KDM5 (JARID1) Histone Lysine Demethylase Inhibitors

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

We report the discovery of N-substituted 4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazole-2-amine derivatives and their subsequent optimization, guided by structure-based design, to give 8-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones, a series of potent JmjC histone N-methyl lysine demethylase (KDM) inhibitors which bind to Fe(II) in the active site. Substitution from C4 of the pyrazole moiety allows access to the histone peptide substrate binding site; incorporation of a conformationally constrained 4-phenylpiperidine linker gives derivatives such as 54j and 54k which demonstrate equipotent activity versus the KDM4 (JMJD2) and KDM5 (JARID1) subfamily demethylases, selectivity over representative exemplars of the KDM2, KDM3, and KDM6 subfamilies, cellular permeability in the Caco-2 assay, and, for 54k, inhibition of H3K9Me3 and H3K4Me3 demethylation in a cell-based assay. PMID:26741168

Juneau Indian Studies Elementary Curriculum Guide. Grades K-5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cadiente, Ronalda

Designed to provide instruction in Tlingit culture as an integral part of the K-5 social studies curriculum, this guide presents teachers with extensive lesson plans and numerous resource materials. The units of study focus on the culture and environment of southeast Alaska and emphasize experiential learning activities. Each grade…

Time Management Problem in Science Course in Secondary School 5th-8th Grades in Turkey: Units Emphasized Less and the Reasons

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bozdogan, Aykut Emre

2016-01-01

This study is carried out to reveal which units teachers who encounter problems about falling behind the science course curriculum in secondary school in the 5th grade through the 8th grade prefer to focus on less and the reasons for their preferences. Survey model was used in the research study. Total 302 science teachers from 28 different cities…

Multiwavelet grading of prostate pathological images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soltanian-Zadeh, Hamid; Jafari-Khouzani, Kourosh

2002-05-01

We have developed image analysis methods to automatically grade pathological images of prostate. The proposed method generates Gleason grades to images, where each image is assigned a grade between 1 and 5. This is done using features extracted from multiwavelet transformations. We extract energy and entropy features from submatrices obtained in the decomposition. Next, we apply a k-NN classifier to grade the image. To find optimal multiwavelet basis, preprocessing, and classifier, we use features extracted by different multiwavelets with either critically sampled preprocessing or repeated row preprocessing and different k-NN classifiers and compare their performances, evaluated by total misclassification rate (TMR). To evaluate sensitivity to noise, we add white Gaussian noise to images and compare the results (TMR's). We applied proposed methods to 100 images. We evaluated the first and second levels of decomposition using Geronimo, Hardin, and Massopust (GHM), Chui and Lian (CL), and Shen (SA4) multiwavelets. We also evaluated k-NN classifier for k=1,2,3,4,5. Experimental results illustrate that first level of decomposition is quite noisy. They also show that critically sampled preprocessing outperforms repeated row preprocessing and has less sensitivity to noise. Finally, comparison studies indicate that SA4 multiwavelet and k-NN classifier (k=1) generates optimal results (with smallest TMR of 3%).

The MOOC-CLIL Project: Using MOOCs to Increase Language, and Social and Online Learning Skills for 5th Grade K-12 Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Waard, Inge; Demeulenaere, Kathy

2017-01-01

This study comprises the outcomes and methods of a one year project using Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) embedded in K-12 classes. The Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) of 42 students enrolled in three 5th grade classes were monitored. The students took the MOOCCLIL class for one year…

Compatibility study of trans-1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin (TNAD) with some energetic components and inert materials.

PubMed

Yan, Qi-Long; Xiao-Jiang, Li; La-Ying, Zhang; Ji-Zhen, Li; Hong-Li, Li; Zi-Ru, Liu

2008-12-30

The compatibility of trans-1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin (TNAD) with some energetic components and inert materials of solid propellants was studied by using the pressure DSC method where, cyclotetramethylenetetranitroamine (HMX), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), 1,4-dinitropiperazine (DNP), 1.25/1-NC/NG mixture, lead 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-onate (NTO-Pb), aluminum powder (Al, particle size=13.6microm) and N-nitrodihydroxyethylaminedinitrate (DINA) were used as energetic components and polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyoxytetramethylene-co-oxyethylene (PET), addition product of hexamethylene diisocyanate and water (N-100), 2-nitrodianiline (2-NDPA), 1,3-dimethyl-1,3-diphenyl urea (C2), carbon black (C.B.), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), cupric 2,4-dihydroxy-benzoate (beta-Cu), cupric adipate (AD-Cu) and lead phthalate (phi-Pb) were used as inert materials. It was concluded that the binary systems of TNAD with NTO-Pb, RDX, PET and Al powder are compatible, and systems of TNAD with DINA and HMX are slightly sensitive, and with 2-NDPA, phi-Pb, beta-Cu, AD-Cu and Al2O3 are sensitive, and with PEG, N-100, C2 and C.B. are incompatible. The impact and friction sensitivity data of the TNAD and TNAD in combination with the other energetic materials under present study was also obtained, and there was no consequential affiliation between sensitivity and compatibility.

One-pot synthesis of 4,8-dibromobenzo[1,2-c;4,5-c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole.

PubMed

Tam, Teck Lip; Li, Hairong; Wei, Fengxia; Tan, Ke Jie; Kloc, Christian; Lam, Yeng Ming; Mhaisalkar, Subodh G; Grimsdale, Andrew C

2010-08-06

A one-step synthesis of 4,8-dibromobenzo[1,2-c;4,5-c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole with use of 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene tetrahydrobromide and thionyl bromide in good yield is reported. This unit can then be used in the synthesis of low bandgap materials via palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. The approach offers a quick and easy way to prepare low bandgap materials as compared to the current literature methods.

Low PIP4K2B expression in human breast tumors correlates with reduced patient survival: A role for PIP4K2B in the regulation of E-cadherin expression.

PubMed

Keune, Willem-Jan; Sims, Andrew H; Jones, David R; Bultsma, Yvette; Lynch, James T; Jirström, Karin; Landberg, Goran; Divecha, Nullin

2013-12-01

Phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate (PtdIns5P) 4-kinase β (PIP4K2B) directly regulates the levels of two important phosphoinositide second messengers, PtdIns5P and phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2]. PIP4K2B has been linked to the regulation of gene transcription, to TP53 and AKT activation, and to the regulation of cellular reactive oxygen accumulation. However, its role in human tumor development and on patient survival is not known. Here, we have interrogated the expression of PIP4K2B in a cohort (489) of patients with breast tumor using immunohistochemical staining and by a meta-analysis of gene expression profiles from 2,999 breast tumors, both with associated clinical outcome data. Low PIP4K2B expression was associated with increased tumor size, high Nottingham histological grade, Ki67 expression, and distant metastasis, whereas high PIP4K2B expression strongly associated with ERBB2 expression. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that both high and low PIP4K2B expression correlated with poorer patient survival compared with intermediate expression. In normal (MCF10A) and tumor (MCF7) breast epithelial cell lines, mimicking low PIP4K2B expression, using short hairpin RNA interference-mediated knockdown, led to a decrease in the transcription and expression of the tumor suppressor protein E-cadherin (CDH1). In MCF10A cells, knockdown of PIP4K2B enhanced TGF-β-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process required during the development of metastasis. Analysis of gene expression datasets confirmed the association between low PIP4K2B and low CDH1expression. Decreased CDH1 expression and enhancement of TGF-β-induced EMT by reduced PIP4K2B expression might, in part, explain the association between low PIP4K2B expression and poor patient survival.

Multicultural Education Resource Book, K-4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lopes, Fatima; Tavares, Tony

A collection of creative, imaginative, classroom activity units designed for grades K-4 is presented. Using a multicultural approach, each unit is to be utilized in teaching various subjects such as language arts, mathematics, music, science, social studies, and home economics. Each section includes a source for creative ideas to enhance learning;…

A Cross-Cultural and Interdisciplinary Multicultural Education Curriculum for Grades 4-8. Cultural Exchange Task Cards [and] Test Booklet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Botzler, Sally; And Others

These activities for grades 4-8 are designed to promote understanding, appreciation, and respect for the diversity of cultures in the United States. Activities focus on four groups: American Indians, blacks, Asian Americans, and Mexican Americans. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the material is appropriate for fine arts, language arts, home…

Steps Towards Healthy Growth. Health Education Curriculum Guide; Grades 4-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dippo, Jeanette, Ed.

Grades or Ages: Grades 4-6. Subject Matter: Health Education (includes chapters covering the following: (a) health status; (b) nutrition; (c) sensory Perception; (d) dental health; (e) disease prevention and control; (f) smoking and health; (g) alcohol education; (h) drug education; (i) personality development; (j) human sexuality; (k) family life…

Effectiveness of school- and family-based interventions to prevent gaming addiction among grades 4–5 students in Bangkok, Thailand

PubMed Central

Apisitwasana, Nipaporn; Perngparn, Usaneya; Cottler, Linda B

2018-01-01

Purpose This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Participatory Learning School and Family Based Intervention Program for Preventing Game Addiction by Developing Self-Regulation of gaming addiction among students of grades 4 and 5 in Bangkok. Methods A quasi-experimental study was implemented among students of grades 4 and 5 at primary schools in Bangkok selected through multistage random sampling. Two comparable schools were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Then, 310 students in the randomly selected classrooms were allocated to each group. The intervention group received the self-regulation program with school and family involvement to prevent gaming addiction. Master teachers attended in-house training on prevention of gaming addiction in children. Parents of these children received a gaming addiction prevention manual and guidelines. The program lasted 8 weeks. The control group received no intervention. Knowledge and Attitude About Gaming Questionnaire, Game Addiction Screening Test (GAST), and Game Addiction Protection Scale were utilized to assess subjects at baseline, immediately after, and 3 months post-intervention. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, and independent t-test were used to describe characteristics of the participants, and repeated measures ANOVA was analyzed to test the effectiveness of the intervention. Results The findings revealed that there were significant differences in knowledge, attitude, self-regulation, and gaming addiction behaviors (p < 0.05) immediately and 3 months post-intervention. Positive effects of the intervention included increase in knowledge, attitude, and self-regulation, whereas the GAST score was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) immediately and 3 months after the program. Conclusion The program based on self-regulation and school and family participation is effective for preventing gaming addiction in students of grades 4 and 5 in Bangkok, Thailand. PMID:29695939

Synthesis of 2,4,8,10-tetroxaspiro5,5undecane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Poshkus, A. C. (Inventor)

1985-01-01

Pentaerythritol is converted to its diformal, 2,4,8,10-tetroxaspirol5.5undecane, by heating it to a temperature within the range of about 110 to 150 C, for a period of up to 10 minutes, in the presence of a slight excess of paraformaldehyde and of a catalytic quantity of an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid. The reaction may be carried out in two steps, by forming first the monoformal, then the diformal. In any case, total reaction time is about 10 minutes, and yield of diformal are greater than 90%. Previous processes require hours or days, and often, tedious operating procedures.

Tuning Thermoelectric Properties of Type I Clathrate K 8–x Ba x Al 8+x Si 38–x through Barium Substitution

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sui, Fan; Kauzlarich, Susan M.

2016-05-10

The thermal stability and thermoelectric properties of type I clathrate K8Al8Si38 up to 873 K are reported. K8Al8Si38 possesses a high absolute Seebeck coefficient value and high electrical resistivity in the temperature range of 323 to 873 K, which is consistent with previously reported low temperature thermoelectric properties. Samples with Ba partial substitution at the K guest atom sites were synthesized from metal hydride precursors. The samples with the nominal chemical formula of K8–xBaxAl8+xSi38–x (x = 1, 1.5, 2) possess type I clathrate structure (cubic, Pm3n), confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The guest atom site occupancies and thermal motions were investigatedmore » with Rietveld refinement of synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Transport properties of Ba-containing samples were characterized from 2 to 300 K. The K–Ba alloy phases showed low thermal conductivity and improved electrical conductivity compared to K8Al8Si38. Electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficients were measured over the temperature range of 323 to 873 K. Thermal conductivity from 323 to 873 K was estimated from the Wiedemann–Franz relation and lattice thermal conductivity extrapolation from 300 to 873 K. K8–xBaxAl8+xSi38–x (x = 1, 1.5) synthesized with Al deficiency showed enhanced electrical conductivity, and the absolute Seebeck coefficients decrease with the increased carrier concentration. When x = 2, the Al content increases toward the electron balanced composition, and the electrical resistivity increases with the decreasing charge carrier concentration. Overall, K6.5Ba1.5Al9Si37 achieves an enhanced zT of 0.4 at 873 K.« less

Distinct local structure of superconducting Ca10M4As8(Fe2As2)5 (M =Pt ,Ir)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paris, E.; Wakita, T.; Proux, O.; Yokoya, T.; Kudo, K.; Mitsuoka, D.; Kimura, T.; Fujimura, K.; Nishimoto, N.; Ioka, S.; Nohara, M.; Mizokawa, T.; Saini, N. L.

2017-12-01

We have studied the local structure of superconducting Ca10Pt4As8(Fe2As2)5 (Pt10418) and Ca10Ir4As8(Fe2As2)5 (Ir10418) iron arsenides, showing different transition temperatures (Tc=38 and 16 K, respectively), by polarized Fe K -edge extended x-ray absorption fine-structure measurements. Despite the similar average crystal structures, the local structures of the FeAs4 tetrahedra in the two compounds are found to be very different. The FeAs4 in Pt10418 is close to a regular tetrahedron, while it deviates largely in Ir10418. The Fe-Fe correlations in the two compounds are characterized by similar bond-length characteristics; however, the static disorder in Pt10418 is significantly lower than that in Ir10418. The results suggest that the optimized local structure and reduced disorder are the reasons for higher Tc and well-defined electronic states in Pt10418 unlike Ir10418 showing the coexistence of glassy and normal electrons at the Fermi surface, and hence provide direct evidence of the local-structure-driven optimization of the electronic structure and superconductivity in iron arsenides.

National Indian Education Study 2015: American Indian and Alaska Native Students at Grades 4 and 8. NCES 2017-161

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ninneman, A. M.; Deaton, J.; Francis-Begay, K.

2017-01-01

The National Indian Education Study (NIES) is administered as part of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) to allow more in-depth reporting on the achievement and experiences of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN)1 students in grades 4 and 8. This report focuses primarily on two themes identified during the development of the…

Optimizing Your K-5 Engineering Design Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coppola, Matthew Perkins; Merz, Alice H.

2017-01-01

Today, elementary school teachers continue to revisit old lessons and seek out new ones, especially in engineering. Optimization is the process by which an existing product or procedure is revised and refined. Drawn from the authors' experiences working directly with students in grades K-5 and their teachers and preservice teachers, the…

Comparison of Values in 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th Grade Primary Education Music Class Students'? Workbooks According to Rokeach?s and Akbas's Value Classifications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Çakirer, H. Serdar

2014-01-01

The aim of the present study is to compare the values in the songs of 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grade primary education music classes students? workbooks according to the value categorizations proposed by Rockeach and Akbas and which values among the categories mentioned are taught to the students in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grade primary education…

Response of the oceanic methane hydrate inventory to future climate change (AR5 RCP 4.5 - 8.5)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hunter, S. J.; Goldobin, D.; Haywood, A. M.; Ridgwell, A. J.; Rees, J.

2012-12-01

We present results from a study designed to look at the change in global methane hydrate volume in response to AR5 Representative Concentration Pathways (Fifth Assessment Report RCP). We use bottom water conditions derived from 12 climate models within the CMIP5 multi-model ensemble along with a series of linear sea-level models to define boundary conditions. We model the change in global hydrate stability zone volume and hydrate inventory from the pre-industrial era and forward model through the RCP scenarios (to 2100 and 2300) to 5 kyr into the future. We find that thermal effects (i.e. warming induced hydrate dissociation) are dominant even when accompanied by extreme rates of sea level rise (i.e. 15 and 20 mm yr-1). Over the coming century dissociation is focussed within the top 100 m of Arctic and Subarctic sediments, beneath < ˜500 m water depth. Assuming a simple model of hydrate fill fraction (with a nominal 1% average hydrate-fill fraction) estimated globally integrated hydrate dissociation rates at ˜2100 are 120, 140 and 180 Tg CH4 yr-1 for RCP 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5 and at year ˜2300 are 150 and 600 Tg CH4 yr-1 under ECP 4.5 and 8.5 respectively. Under the unmitigated business-as-usual scenario (RCP 8.5) globally-integrated CH4 fluxes from hydrate dissociation could exceed estimates of natural sea-floor levels by 2100. Subsequent oxidation of resulting CH4 within the water column would significantly reduce atmospheric release rates to between ˜0.7 and ˜1.4 Tg CH4 yr-1 at ˜2100.

REORGANIZED SCIENCE CURRICULUM, 8, GRADE EIGHT SUPPLEMENT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minneapolis Special School District 1, Minn.

THE FOURTEENTH IN A SERIES OF 17 VOLUMES, THIS VOLUME PROVIDES THE EIGHTH GRADE TEACHER WITH A GUIDE TO THE REORGANIZED SCIENCE CURRICULUM OF THE MINNEAPOLIS PUBLIC SCHOOLS. THE MATERIALS ARE AUGMENTED AND REVISED AS THE NEED ARISES. A CHART INDICATES CONCEPT BRIEF SUMMARY OF SUBJECT MATTER CONTENT FOR GRADE 8, AND A CHART OF THE GRADE CONTENT FOR…

8-Methly-4-(3-diethylaminopropylamino) pyrimido [4',5';4,5] thieno (2,3-b) quinoline (MDPTQ), a quinoline derivate that causes ROS-mediated apoptosis in leukemia cell lines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shenoy, Sudheer; Vasania, Viraf S.; Gopal, M.

2007-07-01

The present study reports the biological activity of 8-methly-4-(3-diethylamino-propylamino) pyrimido [4';5';4,5] thieno (2,3-b) quinoline (MDPTQ), a quinoline derivative structurally related to ellipticine and suggests a possible mechanism through which the compound induces apoptosis in carcinoma cell lines. Out of the 8 cell lines used in the study as representatives of different types of cancer, MDPTQ was found to be effective only against leukemia cell lines (HL-60 and K-562) whereas it had no effect on normal human bone marrow cells (BMC) which were used as controls. Fall mitochondrial membrane potential and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) were mainly responsible for inducingmore » apoptosis in the two cell lines. Cell death was demonstrated by increase in caspase 3 activity as well as phosphatidyl serine exposure. Pre-incubation with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduced the increased ROS and caspase 3 activity as well as phosphatidyl serine exposure. MDPTQ also caused cell cycle arrest in these cell lines. The above study for the first time reports the mode of action of a quinoline derivative, which could be a possible future candidate for leukemia therapy. However, there are lot of questions that need to be answered in terms of signalling pathways and its effects on animal models.« less

Identification of a conserved 8 aa insert in the PIP5K protein in the Saccharomycetaceae family of fungi and the molecular dynamics simulations and structural analysis to investigate its potential functional role.

PubMed

Khadka, Bijendra; Gupta, Radhey S

2017-08-01

Homologs of the phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-5-kinase (PIP5K), which controls a multitude of essential cellular functions, contain a 8 aa insert in a conserved region that is specific for the Saccharomycetaceae family of fungi. Using structures of human PIP4K proteins as templates, structural models were generated of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human PIP5K proteins. In the modeled S. cerevisiae PIP5K, the 8 aa insert forms a surface exposed loop, present on the same face of the protein as the activation loop of the kinase domain. Electrostatic potential analysis indicates that the residues from 8 aa conserved loop form a highly positively charged surface patch, which through electrostatic interaction with the anionic portions of phospholipid head groups, is expected to play a role in the membrane interaction of the yeast PIP5K. To unravel this prediction, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to examine the binding interaction of PIP5K, either containing or lacking the conserved signature insert, with two different membrane lipid bilayers. The results from MD studies provide insights concerning the mechanistic of interaction of PIP5K with lipid bilayer, and support the contention that the identified 8 aa conserved insert in fungal PIP5K plays an important role in the binding of this protein with membrane surface. Proteins 2017; 85:1454-1467. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Climate Projections over Mediterranean Basin under RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 emission scenarios

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ilhan, Asli; Ünal, Yurdanur S.

2017-04-01

Climate Projections over Mediterranean Basin under RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 emission scenarios A. ILHAN ve Y. S. UNAL Istanbul Technical University, Department of Meteorology In the study, 50 km resolution downscaled results of two different Earth System Models (ESM) HadGEM2-ES and MPI-ESM with regional climate model of RegCM are used to estimate present and future climate conditions over Mediterranean Basin. The purpose of this study is to compare the projections of two ESMs under Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 (RCP4.5) and 8.5 (RCP8.5) over the region of interest seasonally and annually with 50 km resolution. Temperature and precipitation parameters for reference period (1971-2000) and future (2015-2100) are analyzed. The average temperature and total precipitation distributions of each downscaled ESM simulations were compared with observation data (Climate Research Unit-CRU data) to explore the capability of each model for the representation of the current climate. According to reference period values of CRU, HadGEM2-ES and MPI-ESM, it is seen that both models are warmer and wetter than observations and have positive temperature biases only around Caspian Sea and positive precipitation biases over Eastern and Central Europe. The future projections (from 2015 to 2100) of HadGEM2-ES and MPI-ESM-MR simulations under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios are compared with reference period (from 1971 to 2000) and analyzed for temperature and precipitation parameters. The downscaled HadGEM2-ES forced by RCP8.5 scenario produces higher temperatures than the MPI-ESM-MR. The reasons of this warming can be sensitivity of HadGEM2-ES to greenhouse gases and high radiative forcing (+8.5 W/m2). On the other hand, MPI-ESM produce more precipitation than HadGEM2-ES. In order to analyze regional responses of the climate model chains, five main regions are selected which are Turkey, Central Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe and North Africa. The average biases of the Had

Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99 (ECLS-K): Combined User's Manual for the ECLS-K Eighth-Grade and K-8 Full Sample Data Files and Electronic Codebooks. NCES 2009-004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tourangeau, Karen; Nord, Christine; Le, Thanh; Sorongon, Alberto G.; Najarian, Michelle

2009-01-01

This manual provides guidance and documentation for users of the eighth-grade data of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99 (ECLS-K). It begins with an overview of the ECLS-K study. Subsequent chapters provide details on the instruments and measures used, the sample design, weighting procedures, response rates, data…

Assessing the life science knowledge of students and teachers represented by the K-8 national science standards.

PubMed

Sadler, Philip M; Coyle, Harold; Smith, Nancy Cook; Miller, Jaimie; Mintzes, Joel; Tanner, Kimberly; Murray, John

2013-01-01

We report on the development of an item test bank and associated instruments based on the National Research Council (NRC) K-8 life sciences content standards. Utilizing hundreds of studies in the science education research literature on student misconceptions, we constructed 476 unique multiple-choice items that measure the degree to which test takers hold either a misconception or an accepted scientific view. Tested nationally with 30,594 students, following their study of life science, and their 353 teachers, these items reveal a range of interesting results, particularly student difficulties in mastering the NRC standards. Teachers also answered test items and demonstrated a high level of subject matter knowledge reflecting the standards of the grade level at which they teach, but exhibiting few misconceptions of their own. In addition, teachers predicted the difficulty of each item for their students and which of the wrong answers would be the most popular. Teachers were found to generally overestimate their own students' performance and to have a high level of awareness of the particular misconceptions that their students hold on the K-4 standards, but a low level of awareness of misconceptions related to the 5-8 standards.

Environmental Studies Center Teacher Books. 4th Grade - Mangrove Communities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin County Schools, Jensen Beach, FL. Environmental Studies Center.

This teacher's guide, one of nine teacher packages developed for use in the sequential, hands-on, field-oriented, K-8 environmental education program of the Martin County Schools in Florida, was developed for use with elementary children in grade four prior to and after a visit to an environmental studies center located near an estuarine area. The…

The acid tolerant L-arabinose isomerase from the food grade Lactobacillus sakei 23K is an attractive D-tagatose producer.

PubMed

Rhimi, Moez; Ilhammami, Rimeh; Bajic, Goran; Boudebbouze, Samira; Maguin, Emmanuelle; Haser, Richard; Aghajari, Nushin

2010-12-01

The araA gene encoding an L-arabinose isomerase (L-AI) from the psychrotrophic and food grade Lactobacillus sakei 23K was cloned, sequenced and over-expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme has an apparent molecular weight of nearly 220 kDa, suggesting it is a tetramer of four 54 kDa monomers. The enzyme is distinguishable from previously reported L-AIs by its high activity and stability at temperatures from 4 to 40 degrees C, and pH from 3 to 8, and by its low metal requirement of only 0.8 mM Mn(2+) and 0.8 mM Mg(2+) for its maximal activity and thermostability. Enzyme kinetic studies showed that this enzyme displays a high catalytic efficiency allowing D-galactose bioconversion rates of 20% and 36% at 10 and 45 degrees C, respectively, which are useful for commercial production of D-tagatose. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Native American Students' Understanding of Geologic Time Scale: 4th-8th Grade Ojibwe Students' Understanding of Earth's Geologic History

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nam, Younkyeong; Karahan, Engin; Roehrig, Gillian

2016-01-01

Geologic time scale is a very important concept for understanding long-term earth system events such as climate change. This study examines forty-three 4th-8th grade Native American--particularly Ojibwe tribe--students' understanding of relative ordering and absolute time of Earth's significant geological and biological events. This study also…

The Cultural Exchange, A Cross-Cultural and Interdisciplinary Multicultural Education Curriculum for Grades 4-8. Probe Cards [and] Probe Booklets.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nethery, Mary; And Others

These student probe cards for grades 4-8 provide a variety of values-oriented activities to help students explore, understand, and appreciate culturally diverse values. Activities are matched to one of seven objectives and are cross-referenced to the subject areas of social science, mathematics, fine arts, drama, physical education, language arts,…

Long-term acarbose administration alleviating the impairment of spatial learning and memory in the SAMP8 mice was associated with alleviated reduction of insulin system and acetylated H4K8.

PubMed

Yan, Wen-Wen; Chen, Gui-Hai; Wang, Fang; Tong, Jing-Jing; Tao, Fei

2015-04-07

Age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) not only reduces the quality of life for the elderly but also increases the costs of healthcare for society. Methods that can regulate glucose metabolism, insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) system and acetylated histone H4 lysine 8 (H4K8ac), one of the most well-researched facets of histone acetylation modification associating with cognition, tend to ameliorate the AAMI. Here, we used SAMP8 mice, the excellent animal model of aging and AAMI, to study the effect of long-term treatment with acarbose, an inhibitor of a-glucosidase, on AAMI and explore whether blood glucose, insulin/IGF-1 system and H4K8ac are associated with potential effects. The treatment group received acarbose (20mg/kg/d, dissolved in drinking water) at the age of 3-month until 9-month old before the behavioral test, and the controls only received water. Compared to the young controls (3-month-old, n=11), the old group (9-month-old, n=8) had declined abilities of spatial learning and memory and levels of serum insulin, hippocampal insulin receptors (InsRs) and H4K8ac. Interestingly, the acarbose group (9-month-old, n=9) showed better abilities of spatial learning and memory and higher levels of insulin, InsRs and H4K8ac relative to the old controls. Good performance of spatial learning and memory was positively correlated with the elevated insulin, InsRs and H4K8ac. All these results suggested that long-term administration of acarbose could alleviate the age-related impairment of spatial learning and memory in the SAMP8 mice, and the alleviated reduction of an insulin system and H4K8ac might be associated with the alleviation. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

K-t GRAPPA-accelerated 4D flow MRI of liver hemodynamics: influence of different acceleration factors on qualitative and quantitative assessment of blood flow.

PubMed

Stankovic, Zoran; Fink, Jury; Collins, Jeremy D; Semaan, Edouard; Russe, Maximilian F; Carr, James C; Markl, Michael; Langer, Mathias; Jung, Bernd

2015-04-01

We sought to evaluate the feasibility of k-t parallel imaging for accelerated 4D flow MRI in the hepatic vascular system by investigating the impact of different acceleration factors. k-t GRAPPA accelerated 4D flow MRI of the liver vasculature was evaluated in 16 healthy volunteers at 3T with acceleration factors R = 3, R = 5, and R = 8 (2.0 × 2.5 × 2.4 mm(3), TR = 82 ms), and R = 5 (TR = 41 ms); GRAPPA R = 2 was used as the reference standard. Qualitative flow analysis included grading of 3D streamlines and time-resolved particle traces. Quantitative evaluation assessed velocities, net flow, and wall shear stress (WSS). Significant scan time savings were realized for all acceleration factors compared to standard GRAPPA R = 2 (21-71 %) (p < 0.001). Quantification of velocities and net flow offered similar results between k-t GRAPPA R = 3 and R = 5 compared to standard GRAPPA R = 2. Significantly increased leakage artifacts and noise were seen between standard GRAPPA R = 2 and k-t GRAPPA R = 8 (p < 0.001) with significant underestimation of peak velocities and WSS of up to 31 % in the hepatic arterial system (p <0.05). WSS was significantly underestimated up to 13 % in all vessels of the portal venous system for k-t GRAPPA R = 5, while significantly higher values were observed for the same acceleration with higher temporal resolution in two veins (p < 0.05). k-t acceleration of 4D flow MRI is feasible for liver hemodynamic assessment with acceleration factors R = 3 and R = 5 resulting in a scan time reduction of at least 40 % with similar quantitation of liver hemodynamics compared with GRAPPA R = 2.

Dynamic Yielding and Spall Behavior of Commercially Pure Grade 4 Titanium

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thadhani, Naresh; Whelchel, R. L.; Sanders, Tom; Mehkote, D. S.; Iyer, K. A.; Georgia Instiutute of Technology Collaboration; Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Labortaory Collaboration

2015-06-01

The dynamic yielding and fracture (spalling) of commercially pure (grade 4) titanium are investigated using symmetric plate impact experiments over a peak stress range of 5.6 GPa to 12.5 GPa, using the 80-mm single-stage gas-gun. VISAR rear free surface velocity profiles display both a Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL) and a velocity pullback, which are indicative of dynamic compressive yielding and tensile fracture (spalling), respectively. The HEL values appear to show a slight decrease with peak stress from 2.2 GPa to 2.0 GPa along with a corresponding increase in twinning observed in recovered impacted samples. The spall strength on the other hand increases with peak stress from a value of 3.3 GPa to 3.8 GPa and shows a good power law fit with the decompression strain rate. The differing responses in dynamic yield and fracture behavior suggest that void nucleation may be the dominant mechanism affecting the spall strength of grade 4 titanium.

Antagonistic actions of renal dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine: increase in Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity in renal proximal tubules via activation of 5-HT1A receptors.

PubMed Central

Soares-da-Silva, P.; Pinto-do-O, P. C.; Bertorello, A. M.

1996-01-01

1. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is antinatriuretic. Since this effect of 5-HT is not accomplished by changes in glomerular haemodynamics, we have examined in this study whether 5-HT may influence sodium excretion by affecting the Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity in renal cortical tubules. 2. Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity was determined as the rate of [32P]-ATP hydrolysis in renal cortical tubules in suspension. Basal Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity in renal tubules was 4.8 +/- 0.4 mumol Pi mg-1 protein h-1 (n = 8). The 5-HT1A receptor agonist, (+/-)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetraline (8-OH-DPAT) (10 to 3000 nM) induced a concentration-dependent increase (P < 0.05) in Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity with an EC50 value of 355 nM (95% confidence limits: 178, 708). Maximal stimulation elicited by 3000 nM of 8-OH-DPAT was antagonized by the selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, (+)-WAY 100135 10 to 1000 nM) with an IC50 value of 20 nM (14, 29); 0.3 microM (+)-WAY 100135 completely abolished (P < 0.01) the stimulatory effect of 8-OH-DPAT. The stimulatory effect of 8-OH-DPAT was found to be time-dependent (15 +/- 2% and 66 +/- 7% increase at 2.5 and 5.0 min, respectively). The 5-HT2 receptor agonist alpha-methyl-5-HT (100 to 3000 nM) did not induce any significant changes in Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity (5.0 +/- 1.5 mumol Pi mg-1 protein h-1; n = 4). 3. The stimulatory effect 8-OH-DPAT was absent when homogenates were used. Stimulation occurred at a Vmax concentration (70 mM) of sodium supporting the notion that stimulation occurs independently of increasing sodium permeability. 4. The inhibitory effect of dopamine (P < 0.05) on Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity was blunted by co-incubation with 8-OH-DPAT (0.5 microM). 5. It is concluded that activation of 5-HT1A receptors increases Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity in renal cortical tubules; this effect may represent an important cellular mechanism, at the tubule level, responsible for the antinatriuretic effect of 5-HT. Images Figure 4 PMID:8882616

The Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy: methods for children in grades 4 to 6 (8 to 12 years).

PubMed

Longmuir, Patricia E; Boyer, Charles; Lloyd, Meghann; Yang, Yan; Boiarskaia, Elena; Zhu, Weimo; Tremblay, Mark S

2015-08-11

Physical literacy is described as the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge and understanding to value and engage in a physically active lifestyle. As such, it is expected that those who have greater physical literacy would be more likely to obtain the health benefits offered by habitual physical activity. A theoretical model and assessment battery, the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy (CAPL), for the assessment of childhood physical literacy had been proposed in theory but validity data were lacking. The purpose of this study was to explore validity evidence for the CAPL among children in grades 4 to 6. CAPL validity was evaluated through three analyses that utilized cross-sectional data obtained through local schools in Eastern Ontario, Canada. A confirmatory factor analysis compared the data to the theoretical model. Patterns of association between self-reported age and gender and the CAPL total and domain scores were examined using regression models. Teacher ratings of participants' knowledge, attitude and physical activity competence were compared to assessment results. The CAPL was completed by 963 children (55 % female) in grades 4, 5 and 6. Children were 8 to 12 years of age (mean 10.1 years), with 85 % of children approached agreeing to participate. A confirmatory factor analysis using data from 489 children with complete raw scores supported a model with four domains: engagement in physical activity (active and sedentary), physical competence (fitness and motor skill), motivation and confidence, and knowledge and understanding. Raw domain scores followed expected patterns for age and gender, providing evidence for their validity. Interpretive categories, developed from age and gender adjusted normative data, were not associated with age indicating that the CAPL is suitable for use across this age range. Children's gender was associated with the physical competence, motivation and engagement in physical activity domain scores

Career Guidance Lesson Plans for Grades K-12. Developed as Part of New Jersey Comprehensive Career Development Guidelines Program in Neptune Township Public Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neptune Township Public Schools, NJ.

This document contains the career development scope and sequence and 39 lesson plans for career guidance activities, for grades K-5, 6-8, and 9-12, developed for use in the Neptune Township Public Schools (New Jersey). Each one-to-two-page lesson plan includes information on subject area, competency, indicators, lesson objectives, resources, time…

Efeito do Solo do Materias Organicos E do Adubo Formula 4N:14P:8K Para Producao DA Batata (Solanum tuberosum L.) Semente Pre-Basica no Casa de Vegetacao

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

László, Márton

2010-05-01

Widely well know that the potato is an important vegetable crop at Brazíl. Plant grown on about 173.000 ha, with total yield of 2.6 million tons year-1. The average yield is about 15 t ha-1. This level is very low because degeneration of crop is rapid under high temperature and high viruses pressure. Therefore seed potato propagation and production is principal on consumption potato production. This is why we found it necessary to develop it. The latossolo vermelho soil-farmyard manure- burnt rice straw-fertilizer 4N:14P:8K greenhouse pot trial was set up at the National Vegetable Crops Research Center, Brasília-DF, Brazíl in 1990. The methods of the experiments were soil x farmyard manure x burnt rice straw, soil x 4N:14P:8K fertilizer and soil x farmyard manure x burnt rice straw x 4N:14P:8K fertilizer on randomized block design in total 29 combination of treatments in 5, 5 and 3 repetitions with in a total parcel of 116. According to chemical analysis of the a., soil, b., farmyard manure and c., burnt rice straw the agrochemistry parameters were as follows: a., latossolo vermelho soil: CaCO3 0.3-0.7%, humo 0.9-1.0%, pH (H2O) 5.3, pH (KCl) 4.5, AL- P2O5 3.2-3.5 mg kg-1, AL- K2O 180 mg kg-1, Mg (KCl) 70 mg kg-1, EDTA-Zn 0.5-0.8 mg kg-1, EDTA-Cu 0.5-0.6 mg kg-1, b., farmyard manure: N 1.8 g kg-1, P2O5 2.0 g kg-1, K2O 4.0 g kg-1, c., burnt rice straw: N 0.8 g kg-1, P2O5 7.0 g kg-1, K2O 4.5 g kg-1. The experimental datas were estimated by analysis of variance, ANOVA and MANOVA. The main conclusions were as follows: 1. Mixture of 80% latossolo vermelho, 10% burnt rice straw and 10% farmyard manure were shown best performance on seed potato productivity. The piece of tubers with a 0-20 mm (consumption seeds) was increased by 77%. 2. Total seed potato number was reached maximum at 10.8 g pot-1 4N:14P:8K fertilizer regarding to average of treatments with a 33%. 3. Dry biomassa production plant-1 was decreased by high dose of 4N:14P:8K fertilizer (18.0 g pot-1) with a

A Teaching Guide and Experience Units K-12. Social Studies. Grade Four.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arapahoe County School District 6, Littleton, CO.

The unit experiences for the K-12 curriculum guide, including these for grade 4, are outlined in SO 001 139. These units initiate the study of geographic regions of the world. Emphasis in these area studies is placed on the regional topography, geographic factors, and people's economic, social, and cultural adjustment to their environment or…

Stability and reactivity of 2-nitrosoamino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline.

PubMed

Lakshmi, Vijaya M; Hsu, Fong Fu; Schut, Herman A J; Zenser, Terry V

2006-02-01

2-Nitrosoamino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (N-NO-MeIQx) is a nitrosation product of the food carcinogen 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and is proposed to form in vivo under inflammatory conditions. This study evaluated the stability and reactivity of N-NO-MeIQx to assess its possible role in the initiation of colon cancer by MeIQx. 14C-N-NO-MeIQx (4 microM) was incubated for 4 h over a range of pH values, and its stability was monitored by HPLC. At pH values from pH 7.4 to 9.0, N-NO-MeIQx was very stable with no detectable change observed. Glutathione (1 mM) did not alter stability at pH 7.4. As the pH decreased, this nitrosamine was less stable with only 48 +/- 1% remaining at pH 5.5 and none remaining at pH 3.5 or 2.0. Major products identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry were 3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline and 2-hydroxy-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline. MeIQx was a minor product. At pH 2.0, the t(1/2) for N-NO-MeIQx was reduced from 2.1 +/- 0.2 to 1.2 +/- 0.1 min with 10 mM NaN3. This effect of azide was due to the formation of 2-azido-MeIQx. The binding of 14C-N-NO-MeIQx to DNA increased with decreasing pH. The 10-fold increase in binding observed at pH 2.0 as compared to pH 5.5 was completely inhibited by 10 mM NaN3 due to 2-azido-MeIQx formation. The reactivity of N-NO-MeIQx was compared to N-OH-MeIQx by evaluating adduct formation with 2'-deoxyguanosine 3'-monophosphate (dGp) by 32P-postlabeling. N-OH-MeIQx formed a single major adduct, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-MeIQx (dG-C8-MeIQx). Incubation of N-NO-MeIQx under inflammatory conditions (pH 5.5 +/- HOCl) produced dG-C8-MeIQx along with 4-6 other adducts. dG-C8-MeIQx formation increased in the presence of HOCl. Liver from a MeIQx-treated mouse contained dG-C8-MeIQx and two other adducts detected with N-NO-MeIQx but not N-OH-MeIQx. These results suggest that N-NO-MeIQx could be genotoxic, is activated by conditions that mediate inflammatory responses

Stability and Reactivity of 2-Nitrosoamino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline

PubMed Central

Lakshmi, Vijaya M.; Hsu, Fong Fu; Schut, Herman A. J.; Zenser, Terry V.

2008-01-01

2-Nitrosoamino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (N-NO-MeIQx) is a nitrosation product of the food carcinogen 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and proposed to form in vivo under inflammatory conditions. This study evaluated the stability and reactivity of N-NO-MeIQx to assess its possible role in initiation of colon cancer by MeIQx. 14C-N-NO-MeIQx (4 μM) was incubated for 4 hours over a range of pH values and its stability monitored by HPLC. At pH values from pH 7.4 to 9.0, N-NO-MeIQx was very stable with no detectable change observed. Glutathione (1 mM) did not alter stability at pH 7.4. As pH decreased, this nitrosamine was less stable with only 48 ± 1 % remaining at pH 5.5 and none remaining at pH 3.5 or 2.0. Major products identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry were 3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline and 2-hydroxy-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline. MeIQx was a minor product. At pH 2.0, the t1/2 for N-NO-MeIQx was reduced from 2.1 ± 0.2 to 1.2 ± 0.1 min with 10 mM NaN3. This effect of azide was due to formation of 2-azido-MeIQx. The binding of 14C-N-NO-MeIQx to DNA increased with decreasing pH. The 10-fold increase in binding observed at pH 2.0 compared to pH 5.5 was completely inhibited by 10 mM NaN3 due to 2-azido-MeIQx formation. The reactivity of N-NO-MeIQx was compared to N-OH-MeIQx by evaluating adduct formation with 2′-deoxyguanosine 3′-monophosphate (dGp) by 32P-postlabeling. N-OH-MeIQx formed a single major adduct, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-MeIQx (dG-C8-MeIQx). Incubation of N-NO-MeIQx under inflammatory conditions (pH 5.5 ± HOCl) produced dG-C8-MeIQx along with 4 to 6 other adducts. dG-C8-MeIQx formation increased in the presence of HOCl. Liver from a MeIQx-treated mouse contained dG-C8-MeIQx and two other adducts detected with N-NO-MeIQx, but not N-OH-MeIQx. These results suggest that N-NO-MeIQx could be genotoxic, is activated by conditions that mediate inflammatory responses, and is a possible

26 CFR 5c.168(f)(8)-4 - Minimum investment of lessor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Minimum investment of lessor. 5c.168(f)(8)-4....168(f)(8)-4 Minimum investment of lessor. (a) Minimum investment. Under section 168(f)(8)(B)(ii), an... has a minimum at risk investment which, at the time the property is placed in service under the lease...

26 CFR 5c.168(f)(8)-4 - Minimum investment of lessor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true Minimum investment of lessor. 5c.168(f)(8)-4....168(f)(8)-4 Minimum investment of lessor. (a) Minimum investment. Under section 168(f)(8)(B)(ii), an... has a minimum at risk investment which, at the time the property is placed in service under the lease...

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Pedestrian Safety, Grade 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic safety skills, this curriculum guide contains eight lessons on pedestrian safety for use in grade 2. Introductory information provided for the teacher includes basic highway safety concepts, stressing communication methods for…

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Passenger Safety, Grade 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic safety skills, this curriculum guide contains eight lessons for use in grade 2. Introductory information provided for the teacher includes basic highway safety concepts, stressing communication methods for highway users,…

Resource Handbook--Space Beyond the Earth. A Supplement to Basic Curriculum Guide--Science, Grades K-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Starr, John W., 3rd., Ed.

GRADES OR AGES: Grades K-6. SUBJECT MATTER: Science; space. ORGANIZATION AND PHYSICAL APPEARANCE: The guide is divided into four units: 1) the sun, earth, and moon; 2) stars and planets; 3) exploring space; 4) man's existence in space. Each unit includes initiatory and developmental activities. There are also sections on evaluation, vocabulary,…

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Bicycle Safety, Grade 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic safety skills, this curriculum guide contains ten lessons on bicycles for use in grade 2. Introductory information provided for the teacher includes basic highway safety concepts, stressing communication methods for highway users,…

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Bicycle Safety, Grade 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic safety skills, this curriculum guide for grade 3 contains seven lessons on bicycles and an appendix on conducting a bicycle rodeo. Introductory information provided for the teacher includes basic highway safety concepts, stressing…

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Passenger Safety, Grade 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic safety skills, this curriculum guide contains four lessons and an appendix of school bus safety tips for use in grade 3. Introductory information provided for the teacher includes basic highway safety concepts, stressing…

Science Fairs Plus: Reinventing an Old Favorite. Grades K-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cusick, Judy, Ed.; Duval, Carol, Ed.; Smith, Betty, Ed.

This book presents a selection of articles published in "Science and Children", "Science Scope", and "The Science Teacher", all journals published by the National Science Teachers Association (NSTA), that cover all grade levels from elementary through secondary education. It describes how to organize and conduct a successful science fair. Contents…

Making Nutrition Education Count: A Guide for Nutrition Education K-6. Grade 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kratky, Patricia; Haigh, Lois

This curriculum guide for nutrition education grade 5, was designed to incorporate knowledge of thirteen concepts into the child's decision-making processes as a food consumer. These concepts, as covered by the guide, are: affecting bodily well-being through nutrition; affecting dental health through nutrition; models for diet selection;…

Dual band monopole antenna for WLAN 2.4/5.2/5.8 with truncated ground

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chandan, Bharti, Gagandeep; Srivastava, Toolika; Rai, B. S.

2018-04-01

A dual-band mono-pole antenna is proposed for Wireless LAN applications. The WLAN band is obtained by cutting a rectangular ring and a circular slot in the radiating patch. The overall dimension of antenna is 17×16.5×0.8 mmł. The frequency bands obtained are 2.38-2.9 GHz and 4.7-6.1 GHz with ≤ - 10 dB return loss which covers WLAN 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz bands. The behavior of the antenna is analyzed in terms of radiation pattern, peak realized gain, radiation efficiency and surface current density. It has dipole like radiation pattern with gain of 2.33 - 4.31 dBi for lower frequency band and 4.29 - 5.16 dBi for upper frequency band with radiation efficiency of 95-98% and 93-96% respectively. The parametric analysis is carried out to understand the consequence of the various shape parameters and to get an optimum design. The simulation and measurement gave the results having close agreement.

Health Education: Nutrition for Grades K-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Instructional Objectives Exchange, Los Angeles, CA.

This publication contains 24 objectives and related evaluation items for grades K-6. The collection is organized into the following categories: daily food choices, food processing, consumer education, nutrients from food, nutrients and disease, storage preparation methods, food in man's environment, and table manners. Three elements--the…

17 CFR 249.308 - Form 8-K, for current reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Form 8-K, for current reports... Under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 § 249.308 Form 8-K, for current... Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Form 8-K, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which...

I [image omitted] Spanish: K-8 Attitudes toward Learning Spanish with Computers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garcia-Villada, Eduardo

2011-01-01

This study investigates children's attitudes and technology use for learning Spanish, and examines the type of technology-enhanced learning activities they enjoy. A survey with two versions was developed to gather attitudes and opinions of 2,220 children in grades K-2 and 3-8 in eight small rural school districts in the Midwest of the United…

Uses of Mathematics Textbooks for Grade (4-8) as per Basic Concepts and Questions Levels in TIMSS Test: A Study Conducted in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al Tamimi, Abdul Rehman

2018-01-01

This study tried to explore the degree of representation of math textbooks for grades (4-8) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia concerning the key concepts, shape, and levels of questions used in the TIMSS test. The study population of this study includes both students and teachers from fourth grade to eighth grade. The goal of this study was…

Effect of School Belonging Trajectories in Grades 6–8 on Achievement: Gender and Ethnic Differences

PubMed Central

Hughes, Jan N.; Im, Myung Hee; Allee, Paula J.

2015-01-01

This study investigated the association between trajectories of school belonging across grades 6–8 and academic achievement in grade 8 in an ethnically diverse sample of 527 academically at-risk adolescents. Students reported annually on school belonging. Reading and math achievement were assessed at grade 5 (baseline) and grade 8. Interactive effects of gender and ethnicity were found in the conditional growth models for school belonging. Girls of all ethnicities had identical growth trajectories and reported higher initial school belonging than Euro-American or Latino boys. Latino and Euro-American males had lower initial level of school belonging than African American males, and Latino males had lower growth in school belonging than Euro-American males. In structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses, initial level of school belonging predicted grade 8 reading for girls and grade 8 math for boys and girls, above prior achievement and school and child covariates, but growth in school belonging predicted grade 8 achievement only for African American students. Implications for strategies to improve school belonging among academically at-risk youth are discussed. PMID:26563601

Characterization of the activity of L-ascorbic acid 2-[3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-1-be nzopyran-6-yl-hydrogen phosphate] potassium salt in hydroxyl radical elimination.

PubMed

Tomita, T; Kashima, M; Tsujimoto, Y

2000-03-01

The effect of L-ascorbic acid 2-[3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H -1-benzopyran-6-yl-hydrogen phosphate] potassium salt (EPC-K1) on hydroxyl radical (*OH) elimination was studied using electron spin resonance (ESR) and spectrophotometric experiments. The addition of EPC-K, and *OH scavengers eliminated the *OH generated from Cu2+/H2O2, Fe2+/H2O2 and H2O2/UV-irradiation reaction systems. However, in competitive reactions using different concentrations of a spin-trap agent, the addition of the *OH scavenger altered the IC50 values, whereas the addition of EPC-K1 and a metal chelater did not change the value in the Cu2+/H2O2 and Fe2+/H2O2 reaction systems. The addition of EPC-K1 and metal chelater changed the ESR signal for free Cu2+. The spectrophotometric experiments confirmed that the addition of EPC-K1 and metal chelater altered the absorption spectra due to CuCl2 and FeSO4, whereas the *OH scavenger did not alter the spectra. Therefore, it was demonstrated that EPC-K, has the ability both to scavenge *OH directly and to inhibit the generation of *OH by the chelation of Cu2+ and Fe2+.

CDC Kerala 5: Developmental therapy clinic experience--use of Child Development Centre grading for motor milestones.

PubMed

Nair, M K C; Resmi, V R; Krishnan, Rajee; Harikumaran Nair, G S; Leena, M L; Bhaskaran, Deepa; George, Babu; Russell, Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar

2014-12-01

To document the experiences of the intervention given to children who attended the developmental therapy clinic of Child Development Centre (CDC) Kerala, a specialized clinic for providing developmental intervention/therapy for babies less than two years with developmental delay/disability. All the babies referred to this speciality clinic from developmental screening/evaluation clinics of CDC were registered in the clinic and re-evaluation was done using CDC grading for head holding, sitting, standing, Amiel Tison passive angles, and Trivandrum Developmental Screening Chart (TDSC) 0-2 y. Out of a total of 600 consecutive babies below 2 y with developmental delay/disability referred to developmental therapy clinic, on comparing the test results at enrollment and after 6 mo of intervention, a statistically significant reduction was observed (i) in the 2-4 mo age group with regard to abnormal TDSC (25.5%), (ii) in the 4-8 mo age group with regard to abnormal head holding grade (87.1%) and abnormal TDSC (19.4%), (iii) in the 8-12 mo age group, with regard to abnormal sitting grade (71.7%) and (iv) in the above 12 mo age group with regard to abnormal sitting grade (35.3%) and abnormal standing grade (78.8%). The experience of organizing the developmental intervention/therapy clinic at CDC Kerala has shown that therapy services by developmental therapists in a centre and supportive therapy by mother at home is useful in improving the developmental status of children with developmental delay.

Motivation across Domains: Do Goals and Attributions Change with Subject Matter for Grades 4 and 5 Students?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vogler, Jane S.; Bakken, Linda

2007-01-01

This study explored a theory for motivation which included aspects of both attribution theory and goal theory. Motivational variables included beliefs about intelligence (entity or incremental), goal orientation (mastery/learning, performance-approach, performance-avoidance) and avoidant behaviours. Grades 4 and 5 students from a large,…

26 CFR 1.401(k)-4 - SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 5 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements. 1.401(k)-4 Section 1.401(k)-4 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED...(k)-4 SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements. (a) General rule. A cash or deferred arrangement satisfies the...

26 CFR 1.401(k)-4 - SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 5 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements. 1.401(k)-4 Section 1.401(k)-4 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED...(k)-4 SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements. (a) General rule. A cash or deferred arrangement satisfies the...

26 CFR 1.401(k)-4 - SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 5 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements. 1.401(k)-4 Section 1.401(k)-4 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED...(k)-4 SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements. (a) General rule. A cash or deferred arrangement satisfies the...

26 CFR 1.401(k)-4 - SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 5 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements. 1.401(k)-4 Section 1.401(k)-4 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED...(k)-4 SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements. (a) General rule. A cash or deferred arrangement satisfies the...

7 CFR 810.2204 - Grades and grade requirements for wheat.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Foreign material 0.4 0.7 1.3 3.0 5.0 Shrunken and broken kernels 3.0 5.0 8.0 12.0 20.0 Total 1 3.0 5.0 8.0..., shrunken and broken kernels. 2 Unclassed wheat of any grade may contain not more than 10.0 percent of wheat...

7 CFR 810.2204 - Grades and grade requirements for wheat.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Foreign material 0.4 0.7 1.3 3.0 5.0 Shrunken and broken kernels 3.0 5.0 8.0 12.0 20.0 Total 1 3.0 5.0 8.0..., shrunken and broken kernels. 2 Unclassed wheat of any grade may contain not more than 10.0 percent of wheat...

7 CFR 810.2204 - Grades and grade requirements for wheat.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Foreign material 0.4 0.7 1.3 3.0 5.0 Shrunken and broken kernels 3.0 5.0 8.0 12.0 20.0 Total 1 3.0 5.0 8.0..., shrunken and broken kernels. 2 Unclassed wheat of any grade may contain not more than 10.0 percent of wheat...

7 CFR 810.2204 - Grades and grade requirements for wheat.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Foreign material 0.4 0.7 1.3 3.0 5.0 Shrunken and broken kernels 3.0 5.0 8.0 12.0 20.0 Total 1 3.0 5.0 8.0..., shrunken and broken kernels. 2 Unclassed wheat of any grade may contain not more than 10.0 percent of wheat...

Monohalogenated ferrocenes C5H5FeC5H4 X (X = Cl, Br and I) and a second polymorph of C5H5FeC5H4I

PubMed Central

Romanov, Alexander S.; Mulroy, Joseph M.; Khrustalev, Victor N.; Antipin, Mikhail Yu.; Timofeeva, Tatiana V.

2009-01-01

The structures of the three title monosubstituted ferrocenes, namely 1-chloro­ferrocene, [Fe(C5H5)(C5H4Cl)], (I), 1-bromo­ferrocene, [Fe(C5H5)(C5H4Br)], (II), and 1-iodo­ferrocene, [Fe(C5H5)(C5H4I)], (III), were determined at 100 K. The chloro- and bromo­ferrocenes are isomorphous crystals. The new triclinic polymorph [space group P , Z = 4, T = 100 K, V = 943.8 (4) Å3] of iodo­ferrocene, (III), and the previously reported monoclinic polymorph of (III) [Laus, Wurst & Schottenberger (2005 ▶). Z. Kristallogr. New Cryst. Struct. 220, 229–230; space group Pc, Z = 4, T = 100 K, V = 924.9 Å3] were obtained by crystallization from ethanolic solutions at 253 and 303 K, respectively. All four phases contain two independent mol­ecules in the unit cell. The relative orientations of the cyclo­penta­dienyl (Cp) rings are eclipsed and staggered in the independent mol­ecules of (I) and (II), while (III) demonstrates only an eclipsed conformation. The triclinic and monoclinic polymorphs of (III) contain nonbonded inter­molecular I⋯I contacts, causing different packing modes. In the triclinic form of (III), the mol­ecules are arranged in zigzag tetra­mers, while in the monoclinic form the mol­ecules are arranged in zigzag chains along the a axis. Crystallographic data for (III), along with the computed lattice energies of the two polymorphs, suggest that the monoclinic form is more stable. PMID:19893225

Miniaturized Pi (Π) - Slit monopole antenna for 2.4/5.2/5.8 applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chandan, Bharti, Gagandeep; Bharti, Pradutt Kumar; Rai, B. S.

2018-04-01

In present paper, two - shaped slots are inserted in a rectangular patch of a monopole antenna for dual band operation. The antenna design is very simple, compact and light weight with overall dimension 29×38×0.8 mm3. Prototype of the proposed antenna is constructed and tested to verify its usefulness for 2.4/5.2/5.8 ghz wlan/wimax applications. It has been observed that both simulated and measured results have good agreement and measured peak gain and radiation pattern are suitable as per the need of application.

Low-Temperature Rate Coefficients of C2H with CH4 and CD4 from 154 to 359 K

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Opansky, Brian J.; Leone, Stephen R.

1996-01-01

Rate coefficients for the reaction C2H + CH4 yields C2H2 + CH3 and C2H + CD4 yields C2HD + CD3 are measured over the temperature range 154-359 K using transient infrared laser absorption spectroscopy. Ethynyl radicals are produced by pulsed laser photolysis of C2H2 in a variable temperature flow cell, and a tunable color center laser probes the transient removal of C2H (Chi(exp 2) Sigma(+) (0,0,0)) in absorption. The rate coefficients for the reactions of C2H with CH4 and CD4 both show a positive temperature dependence over the range 154-359 K, which can be expressed as k(sub CH4) = (1.2 +/- 0.1) x 10(exp -11) exp((-491 +/- 12)/T) and k(sub CD4) = (8.7 +/- 1.8) x 10(exp -12) exp((-650 +/- 61)/T) cm(exp 3) molecule(exp -1) s(exp -1), respectively. The reaction of C2H + CH4 exhibits a significant kinetic isotope effect at 300 K of k(sub CH4)/k(sub CD4) = 2.5 +/- 0.2. Temperature dependent rate constants for C2H + C2H2 were also remeasured over an increased temperature range from 143 to 359 K and found to show a slight negative temperature dependence, which can be expressed as k(sub C2H2) = 8.6 x 10(exp -16) T(exp 1.8) exp((474 +/- 90)/T) cm(exp 3) molecule(exp -1) s(exp -1).

Energy Tracking in Classrooms - A Real Time Experiment with Grade 5 Students

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lam, H. M.; Ho, F.

2015-12-01

ISF Academy, a K-G12 school in Hong Kong with over 1500 students and currently spanning 3 buildings, is retrofitting the school with an energy tracking system in three phases. The first phase during the fall of 2015 will include retrofitting eight Grade 5 classrooms. This new program will show the daily energy usage data from these classrooms. The Grade 5 students receive feedback on their energy use in real time as they compete over two months in their homeroom classes to lower their electrical use, and subsequently their carbon footprint. This competition style initiative will teach the 180 Grade 5 students about their energy usage in a fun and informative manner. ISF Academy has over 400 air-conditioners and we have already determined that the air conditioners are the largest single use of energy in the school. The energy tracking system installed and maintained by from Global Design Corporation utilizes uniquely identified current detectors attached to circuit breakers, to monitor electrical use of individual circuits. These detectors will also monitor the energy used for classroom lighting, fans and plugs, as well as the air conditioners. The system has been installed and the Grade 5 classrooms averaged between 40 kWh and 120 kWh of usage in May 2015. This data will be used as the baseline for the competition. Further analysis can also be done with the data, such as calculating the carbon emissions reduction throughout the school year, providing possible class learning activities and also aiding in future energy use and carbon footprint predictions. The data collected will help refine phase 2 and 3 of the installation, expanding the system to more buildings and also giving insight to the rollout of the system to the whole school when the systems are fully in place.

Oral Consumption of Vitamin K2 for 8 Weeks Associated With Increased Maximal Cardiac Output During Exercise.

PubMed

McFarlin, Brian K; Henning, Andrea L; Venable, Adam S

2017-07-01

Background • Vitamin K1 and K2 are not typically common in a Western diet because they are found in a variety of fermented foods. Vitamin K2 in particular has been demonstrated to restore mitochondrial function and has a key role in production of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate. Thus, it is reasonable to speculate that dietary supplementation with vitamin K2 could increase the function of muscle with high mitochondrial content (ie, skeletal and cardiac muscle). Objective • The purpose of this study was to determine if 8 wk of dietary supplementation with Vitamin K2 could alter cardiovascular responses to a graded cycle ergometer test. Design • The study was a randomized controlled trial. Setting • The study took place in the Applied Physiology Laboratory of the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of North Texas (Denton, TX, USA). Participants • Participants were aerobically trained males and female athletes (N = 26). Intervention • Participants were randomly assigned either to a control group that received a rice flour placebo or to an intervention group that received vitamin K2. For weeks 1 to 4, participants received 300 mg/d; for weeks 5 to 8, they received 150 mg/d. Subjects assigned to the control group received similar doses to mirror the intervention group. Subjects consumed the supplements during an 8-wk period while they maintained their typical exercise habits. Outcome Measures • At baseline and postintervention, participants completed a standard, graded exercise test on an electronically braked cycle ergometer. Before the test, participants were fitted with a mouth piece, and their oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory rate, and respiratory exchange ratio were measured. In addition, participants were fitted with skin-mounted electrodes that measured noninvasive cardiac output, stroke volume, and heart rate. To assess the cumulative exercise change, an area-under-the-curve (AUC) value was calculated

Transportation: Grade 8. Cluster IV.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calhoun, Olivia H.

A curriculum guide for grade 8, the document is devoted to the occupational cluster "Transportation." It is divided into five units: surface transportation, interstate transportation, air transportation, water transportation, and subterranean transportation (the Metro). Each unit is introduced by a statement of the topic, the unit's…

Making Nutrition Education Count: A Guide for Nutrition Education K-6. Grade 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kratky, Patricia; Haigh, Lois

This curriculum guide for nutrition education grade 4, was designed to incorporate knowledge of thirteen concepts into the child's decision-making processes as a food consumer. These concepts, as covered by the guide, are: affecting bodily well-being through nutrition; affecting dental health through nutrition; models for diet selection;…

26 CFR 1.401(k)-4 - SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false SIMPLE 401(k) plan requirements. 1.401(k)-4 Section 1.401(k)-4 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Pension, Profit-Sharing, Stock Bonus Plans, Etc. § 1.401(k)-4 SIMPLE...

Focus in Grade 8: Teaching with Curriculum Focal Points

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schielack, Jane

2010-01-01

This book describes and illustrates learning paths for the mathematical concepts and skills of each grade 8 Focal Point as presented in Curriculum Focal Points for Prekindergarten through Grade 8 Mathematics. It includes representational supports for teaching and learning that can facilitate understanding, stimulate productive discussions about…

CCSSM: Getting Started in K-Grade 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Jeanne; Dauksas, Linda

2012-01-01

Rather than feeling overwhelmed at the thought of integrating the new Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSI 2010) into their teaching practice, teachers might view this as an opportunity to deeply embed mathematics into the K-grade 2 curriculum in the same way that literacy has long been rooted into early learning environments.…

Earth Science Content Guidelines Grades K-12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Geological Inst., Alexandria, VA.

Teams of teachers, other science educators, and scientists selected from a national search for project writers have proposed using the following set of questions to guide the inclusion of earth science content into the kindergarten through grade 12 curriculum. The Essential Questions are organized in a K-12 sequence by six content areas: (1) Solid…

Heat capacity and entropy of Ni2SiO4-olivine from 5 to 1000 K and heat capacity of Co2SiO4 from 360 to 1000 K.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Robie, R.A.; Hemingway, B.S.; Ito, J.; Krupka, K.M.

1984-01-01

The heat capacity of Ni2SiO4-olivine has been measured between 5 and 387 K by cryogenic adiabatic-shield calorimetry and between 360 and 1000 K by differential scanning calorimetry. The heat capacity of Co2SiO4-olivine was measured between 360 and 1000 K by differential scanning calorimetry.-J.A.Z.

Japanese Language and Culture: 9-Year Program Classroom Assessment Materials, Grade 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Education, 2008

2008-01-01

This document is designed to provide assessment materials for specific Grade 4 outcomes in the Japanese Language and Culture Nine-year Program, Grades 4-5-6. The assessment materials are designed for the beginner level in the context of teaching for communicative competence. Grade 4 learning outcomes from the Japanese Language and Culture…

5-HT receptor probe (/sup 3/H)8-OH-DPAT labels the 5-HT transporter in human platelets

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ieni, J.R.; Meyerson, L.R.

1988-01-01

The present study characterizes a serotonin (5-HT) binding site on human platelet membranes, using (/sup 3/H)8-OH-DPAT as the radioligand. (/sup 3/H)8-OH-DPAT binds specifically and saturably to a site on human platelet membranes with an average K/sub D/ of 43 nM and B/sub max/ of 1078 fmol/mg protein. Determinations of IC/sub 50/ values for various serotonergic characterizing agents in platelets for displacement of (/sup 3/H)8-OH-DPAT were performed. The pharmacological inhibitory profile of the platelet 8-OH-DPAT site is not consistent with profiles reported for brain. 8-OH-DPAT does not inhibit (/sup 3/H) imipramine binding, however, it does inhibit (/sup 3/H)5-HT uptake in humanmore » platelets near 5-HT's K/sub m/ value (IC/sub 50/ = 2-4 ..mu..M). These results suggest that the human platelet site labelled by (/sub 3/H)8-OH-DPAT is pharmocologically different from the neuronal site and probably is a component of the 5-HT transporter. 32 references, 1 figure, 4 tables.« less

Strand V: Education for Survival. First Aid and Survival Education. Grades 4, 5, 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York State Education Dept., Albany. Bureau of Elementary Curriculum Development.

GRADES OR AGES: Grades 4-6. SUBJECT MATTER: First aid and survival education. ORGANIZATION AND PHYSICAL APPEARANCE: The guide is divided into seven sections: introduction to first aid; wounds and control of minor bleeding; respiratory emergencies and resuscitation; poisoning; traumatic shock; and injuries from abnormal conditions. The publication…

Evidence of Nematicity in K 0.8Fe 1.7Se 2

DOE PAGES

Duan, Chunruo; Yang, Junjie; Ye, Feng; ...

2015-12-11

We proposed that the superconducting state of K 0.8Fe 1.7Se 2 is phase separated from a non-superconducting magnetic state. These results from a recent neutron diffraction study on a single crystal of K 0.8Fe 1.7Se 2 provide evidence for a continuous transition between the I 4/m m m high temperature phase in which the Fe vacancies are randomly distributed and the I4/m vacancy ordered phase in the temperature range between T (C) and T (S). Upon cooling, the I 4/m phase becomes more populated, increasing the √5 X√5 X 1 superlattice structure, resulting in an enhancement of the (101) superlatticemore » peak. Moreover, the same temperature dependence is observed for the magnetic peak as well. Moreover, due to the Fe site splitting with the transition, its z-coordinate fluctuates, and so must the d xz and d y z orbitals. Finally, the orbital fluctuations couple to the magnetic ordering as seen here and may lead to a realization of nematic order in this system.« less

German Language and Culture: 9-Year Program Classroom Assessment Materials, Grade 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Education, 2008

2008-01-01

This document is designed to provide assessment materials for specific Grade 4 outcomes in the German Language and Culture Nine-year Program, Grades 4-5-6. The assessment materials are designed for the beginner level in the context of teaching for communicative competence. Grade 4 learning outcomes from the German Language and Culture Nine-year…

Punjabi Language and Culture: 9-Year Program Classroom Assessment Materials, Grade 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Education, 2008

2008-01-01

This document is designed to provide assessment materials for specific Grade 4 outcomes in the Punjabi Language and Culture Nine-year Program, Grades 4-5-6. The assessment materials are designed for the beginner level in the context of teaching for communicative competence. Grade 4 learning outcomes from the Punjabi Language and Culture Nine-year…

The TI-Nspire CAS: A Happy-Medium Mobile Device for Grades 8-16 Mathematics Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zelkowski, Jeremy

2011-01-01

This article justifies classifying the TI-Nspire CAS Touchpad as a mobile device for grades 8-16 mathematics classrooms equipped with a Navigator system. The 2010 Horizon Report: K-12 indicates virtually every secondary school aged child has some sort of mobile device. Yet, many school policies ban the use of mobile devices, preventing students…

DNA Sequence Modulates Geometrical Isomerism of the trans-8,9-Dihydro-8-(2,6-diamino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimid-5-yl-formamido)-9-hydroxy Aflatoxin B1 Adduct

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus, is oxidized by cytochrome P450 enzymes to aflatoxin B1-8,9-epoxide, which alkylates DNA at N7-dG. Under basic conditions, this N7-dG adduct rearranges to yield the trans-8,9-dihydro-8-(2,6-diamino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimid-5-yl-formamido)-9-hydroxy aflatoxin B1 (AFB1–FAPY) adduct. The AFB1–FAPY adduct exhibits geometrical isomerism involving the formamide moiety. NMR analyses of duplex oligodeoxynucleotides containing the 5′-XA-3′, 5′-XC-3′, 5′-XT-3′, and 5′-XY-3′ sequences (X = AFB1–FAPY; Y = 7-deaza-dG) demonstrate that the equilibrium between E and Z isomers is controlled by major groove hydrogen bonding interactions. Structural analysis of the adduct in the 5′-XA-3′ sequence indicates the preference of the E isomer of the formamide group, attributed to formation of a hydrogen bond between the formyl oxygen and the N6 exocyclic amino group of the 3′-neighbor adenine. While the 5′-XA-3′ sequence exhibits the E isomer, the 5′-XC-3′ sequence exhibits a 7:3 E:Z ratio at equilibrium at 283 K. The E isomer is favored by a hydrogen bond between the formyl oxygen and the N4-dC exocyclic amino group of the 3′-neighbor cytosine. The 5′-XT-3′ and 5′-XY-3′ sequences cannot form such a hydrogen bond between the formyl oxygen and the 3′-neighbor T or Y, respectively, and in these sequence contexts the Z isomer is favored. Additional equilibria between α and β anomers and the potential to exhibit atropisomers about the C5–N5 bond do not depend upon sequence. In each of the four DNA sequences, the AFB1–FAPY adduct maintains the β deoxyribose configuration. Each of these four sequences feature the atropisomer of the AFB1 moiety that is intercalated above the 5′-face of the damaged guanine. This enforces the Ra axial conformation for the C5–N5 bond. PMID:25587868

DNA Sequence Modulates Geometrical Isomerism of the trans-8,9- Dihydro-8-(2,6-diamino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimid-5-yl-formamido)- 9-hydroxy Aflatoxin B1 Adduct.

PubMed

Li, Liang; Brown, Kyle L; Ma, Ruidan; Stone, Michael P

2015-02-16

Aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)), a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus, is oxidized by cytochrome P450 enzymes to aflatoxin B(1)-8,9-epoxide, which alkylates DNA at N7-dG. Under basic conditions, this N7-dG adduct rearranges to yield the trans-8,9-dihydro-8-(2,6-diamino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimid-5-yl-formamido)-9-hydroxy aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)−FAPY) adduct. The AFB(1)−FAPY adduct exhibits geometrical isomerism involving the formamide moiety. NMR analyses of duplex oligodeoxynucleotides containing the 5′-XA-3′, 5′-XC-3′, 5′-XT-3′, and 5′-XY-3′ sequences (X = AFB(1)−FAPY; Y = 7-deaza-dG)demonstrate that the equilibrium between E and Z isomers is controlled by major groove hydrogen bonding interactions.Structural analysis of the adduct in the 5′-XA-3′ sequence indicates the preference of the E isomer of the formamide group,attributed to formation of a hydrogen bond between the formyl oxygen and the N(6) exocyclic amino group of the 3′-neighboradenine. While the 5′-XA-3′ sequence exhibits the E isomer, the 5′-XC-3′ sequence exhibits a 7:3 E:Z ratio at equilibrium at 283K. The E isomer is favored by a hydrogen bond between the formyl oxygen and the N(4)-dC exocyclic amino group of the 3′-neighbor cytosine. The 5′-XT-3′ and 5′-XY-3′ sequences cannot form such a hydrogen bond between the formyl oxygen and the 3′-neighbor T or Y, respectively, and in these sequence contexts the Z isomer is favored. Additional equilibria between α and β anomers and the potential to exhibit atropisomers about the C5−N(5) bond do not depend upon sequence. In each of the four DNA sequences, the AFB(1)−FAPY adduct maintains the β deoxyribose configuration. Each of these four sequences feature the atropisomer of the AFB(1) moiety that is intercalated above the 5′-face of the damaged guanine. This enforces the Ra axialc onformation for the C5−N(5) bond.

Differentiated Literacy Strategies for English Language Learners, Grades K-6

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gregory, Gayle H.; Burkman, Amy

2011-01-01

As you tailor your teaching to engage the increasing number of English language learners, the key to success is focusing on literacy. Adapted from the highly successful "Differentiated Literacy Strategies for Student Growth and Achievement in Grades K-6", this book provides a wealth of grade-specific literacy strategies that not only increase…

Using 4+ to grade near-normal muscle strength does not improve agreement.

PubMed

O'Neill, Søren; Jaszczak, Sofie Louise Thomsen; Steffensen, Anne Katrine Søndergaard; Debrabant, Birgit

2017-01-01

Manual assessment of muscle strength is often graded using the ordinal Medical Research Council (MRC) scale. The scale has a number of inherent weaknesses, including poorly defined limits between grades '4' and '5' and very large differences in the span of muscle strength encompassed by each of the six grades. It is not necessarily obvious how to convert a manual muscle test finding into an MRC grade. Several modifications which include intermediate grades have been suggested to improve the MRC scale and the current study examines whether agreement improves and variation in ratings decrease, with an intermediate grade between '4' and '5', in circumstances where such a grade would seem appropriate. The present study examined the hypothesis, that a modified MRC-scale which included the commonly used '4+' option, resulted in greater agreement between clinicians compared to the standard MRC-scale. A questionnaire containing five simple clinical cases were distributed to a large convenience sample of chiropractors in Northern Europe, with instructions to grade the described muscle strength findings using the MRC scale. The scale was adapted (with/without an intermediate '4+' grade) depending on the preference of the individual respondent. The cases were designed in such a way as to suggest a muscle weakness in the grey area between '4' and '5', i.e. grade '4+' on the modified MRC scale. A total of 225 questionnaires were returned (7% response rate). The average percentage agreement (across cases) in the standard MRC group was 64% [range 51%: 73%] (grade '4' in all cases). In the modified MRC group, the corresponding findings was 48% [38%: 74%] (grade '4' or '4+' in all cases). The mean average deviation analogue in the standard MRC group was 0.34 (range 0.34: 0.40), compared to 0.51 (range 0.39: 0.73) in the modified MRC group, indicating greater dispersion of scores in the modified MRC group. The Fleiss kappa was 0.02 ( p  < 0.001) and 0.13 ( p  < 0

7 CFR 28.465 - Leaf Grade 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Leaf Grade 5. 28.465 Section 28.465 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.465 Leaf Grade 5. Leaf Grade 5 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

7 CFR 28.465 - Leaf Grade 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Leaf Grade 5. 28.465 Section 28.465 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.465 Leaf Grade 5. Leaf Grade 5 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

7 CFR 28.465 - Leaf Grade 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Leaf Grade 5. 28.465 Section 28.465 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.465 Leaf Grade 5. Leaf Grade 5 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

7 CFR 28.465 - Leaf Grade 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Leaf Grade 5. 28.465 Section 28.465 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.465 Leaf Grade 5. Leaf Grade 5 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

7 CFR 28.465 - Leaf Grade 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Leaf Grade 5. 28.465 Section 28.465 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.465 Leaf Grade 5. Leaf Grade 5 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

Instructional Factors that Contribute to Achievement in Reading for African American Male Students in Grades K-5 in an Urban School in Georgia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robinson, Isaac, III

2010-01-01

According to the National Assessment of Educational Progress, reading skills for African American male students in Grades 4 and 8 have improved over the past decade. However, a significant reading achievement gap still exists between African American male students and their European American counterparts. The purpose, as well as the central…

Reading, Writing & Rings: Science Literacy for K-4 Students

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McConnell, S.; Spilker, L.; Zimmerman-Brachman, R.

2007-12-01

Scientific discovery is the impetus for the K-4 Education program, "Reading, Writing & Rings." This program is unique because its focus is to engage elementary students in reading and writing to strengthen these basic academic skills through scientific content. As science has been increasingly overtaken by the language arts in elementary classrooms, the Cassini Education Program has taken advantage of a new cross-disciplinary approach to use language arts as a vehicle for increasing scientific content in the classroom. By utilizing the planet Saturn and the Cassini-Huygens mission as a model in both primary reading and writing students in these grade levels, young students can explore science material while at the same time learning these basic academic skills. Content includes reading, thinking, and hands-on activities. Developed in partnership with the Cassini-Huygens Education and Public Outreach Program, the Bay Area Writing Project/California Writing Project, Foundations in Reading Through Science & Technology (FIRST), and the Caltech Pre-College Science Initiative (CAPSI), and classroom educators, "Reading, Writing & Rings" blends the excitement of space exploration with reading and writing. All materials are teacher developed, aligned with national science and language education standards, and are available from the Cassini-Huygens website: http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/education/edu-k4.cfm Materials are divided into two grade level units. One unit is designed for students in grades 1 and 2 while the other unit focuses on students in grades 3 and 4. Each includes a series of lessons that take students on a path of exploration of Saturn using reading and writing prompts.

Standardized Curriculum for Enrichment Agriculture. Grades 7 and 8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi State Dept. of Education, Jackson. Office of Vocational, Technical and Adult Education.

Standardized vocational education course titles and core contents are provided for two courses in Mississippi: agriculture, grades seven and eight. The first course contains the following units: (1) agricultural careers; (2) leadership and Future Farmers of America (FFA); (3) public speaking; (4) parliamentary procedures; (5) introduction to…

Earthwatch: Designing Environmental Education into the Curriculum. Volume II, Grades 6-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schaefer, Larry, Ed.; Hungerford, Nancy, Ed.

The environmental education activities package for grades 6-8 contains activities in the following curriculum areas: (1) social science; (2) science; (3) language arts; and (4) mathematics. The activities are divided into seven sections based on seven environmental topics: (1) ecosystems; (2) population; (3) energy and resources; (4) economics,…

Addition polymers from 1,4,5,8-tetrahydro-1,4;5,8-diepoxyanthracene and Bis-dienes. 2: Evidence for thermal dehydration occurring in the cure process

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meador, Mary Ann B.; Olshavsky, Michael A.; Meador, Michael A.; Ahn, Myong-Ku

1988-01-01

Diels-Alder cycloaddition copolymers from 1,4,5,8-tetrahydro-1,4;5,8-diepoxyanthracene and anthracene end-capped polyimide oligomers appear, by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), to undergo dehydration at elevated temperatures. This would produce thermally stable pentiptycene units along the polymer backbone, and render the polymers incapable of unzipping through a retro-Diels-Alder pathway. High resolution solid 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of one formulation of the polymer system before and after heating at elevated temperatures, shows this to indeed be the case. NMR spectra of solid samples of the polymer before and after heating correlated well with those of the parent pentiptycene model compound before and after acid-catalyzed dehydration. Isothermal gravimetric analyses and viscosities of the polymer before and after heat treatment support dehydration as a mechanism for the cure reaction.

Social Studies: Grade 8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manitoba Dept. of Education, Winnipeg.

This Manitoba (Canada) curriculum guide for eighth grade social studies students contains suggested teaching strategies and learning activities in four units covering: (1) life during prehistoric and early historic times; (2) ancient civilizations; (3) life in early modern Europe; and (4) life in the modern world. Each unit includes an overview,…

German Language and Culture: 9-Year Program Guide to Implementation, Grades 4-5-6

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Education, 2008

2008-01-01

This implementation guide is intended to support the Grade 4 to Grade 6 portion of the German Language and Culture Nine-year Program (the program of studies). It was developed primarily for teachers, yet it includes information that may be useful for administrators and other stakeholders in their efforts to plan for and implement the new Chinese…

Punjabi Language and Culture: 9-Year Program Guide to Implementation, Grades 4-5-6

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Education, 2008

2008-01-01

This implementation guide is intended to support the Grade 4 to Grade 6 portion of the Punjabi Language and Culture Nine-Year Program (the program of studies.) It was developed primarily for teachers, yet it includes information that may be useful for administrators and other stakeholders in their efforts to plan for and implement the new Punjabi…

Multicultural Information Quests: Instant Research Lessons, Grades 5-8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodgers, Marie E.

This book contains multicultural "treasure hunts" designed for use by teachers and librarians working with grades five through eight to: develop students' awareness of cultures other than their own; promote student research that requires using books other than an encyclopedia; provide students with annotated reference lists that may be used for…

K-shell photoionization of O4 + and O5 + ions: experiment and theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McLaughlin, B. M.; Bizau, J.-M.; Cubaynes, D.; Guilbaud, S.; Douix, S.; Shorman, M. M. Al; Ghazaly, M. O. A. El; Sakho, I.; Gharaibeh, M. F.

2017-03-01

Absolute cross-sections for the K-shell photoionization of Be-like (O4 +) and Li-like (O5 +) atomic oxygen ions were measured for the first time (in their respective K-shell regions) by employing the ion-photon merged-beam technique at the SOLEIL synchrotron-radiation facility in Saint-Aubin, France. High-resolution spectroscopy with E/ΔE ≈ 3200 (≈170 meV, full width at half-maximum) was achieved with photon energy from 550 to 670 eV. Rich resonance structure observed in the experimental spectra is analysed using the R-matrix with pseudo-states (RMPS) method. Results are also compared with the screening constant by unit nuclear charge (SCUNC) calculations. We characterize and identify the strong 1s → 2p resonances for both ions and the weaker 1s → np resonances (n ≥ 3) observed in the K-shell spectra of O4 +.

Measurement of the decays B--> phiK and B--> phiK*.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Boutigny, D; Gaillard, J M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Robbe, P; Tisserand, V; Palano, A; Chen, G P; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Reinertsen, P L; Stugu, B; Abbott, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Clark, A R; Fan, Q; Gill, M S; Gowdy, S J; Gritsan, A; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kluth, S; Kolomensky, Y G; Kral, J F; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Liu, T; Lynch, G; Meyer, A B; Momayezi, M; Oddone, P J; Perazzo, A; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Romosan, A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Bright-Thomas, P G; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Kirk, A; Knowles, D J; O'Neale, S W; Penny, R C; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Deppermann, T; Koch, H; Krug, J; Kunze, M; Lewandowski, B; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Andress, J C; Barlow, N R; Bhimji, W; Chevalier, N; Clark, P J; Cottingham, W N; De Groot, N; Dyce, N; Foster, B; Mass, A; McFall, J D; Wallom, D; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Camanzi, B; Jolly, S; McKemey, A K; Tinslay, J; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Bukin, D A; Buzykaev, A R; Dubrovin, M S; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Korol, A A; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Salnikov, A A; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Y I; Telnov, V I; Yushkov, A N; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; McMahon, S; Stoker, D P; Ahsan, A; Arisaka, K; Buchanan, C; Chun, S; Branson, J G; MacFarlane, D B; Prell, S; Rahatlou, S; Raven, G; Sharma, V; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Hart, P A; Kuznetsova, N; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Witherell, M; Yellin, S; Beringer, J; Dorfan, D E; Eisner, A M; Frey, A; Grillo, A A; Grothe, M; Heusch, C A; Johnson, R P; Kroeger, W; Lockman, W S; Pulliam, T; Sadrozinski, H; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Turri, M; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Hitlin, D G; Metzler, S; Oyang, J; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Weaver, M; Yang, S; Zhu, R Y; Devmal, S; Geld, T L; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Bloom, P; Fahey, S; Ford, W T; Gaede, F; Johnson, D R; Michael, A K; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Park, H; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Sen, S; Smith, J G; van Hoek, W C; Wagner, D L; Blouw, J; Harton, J L; Krishnamurthy, M; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dahlinger, G; Dickopp, M; Dubitzky, R S; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Otto, S; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Wilden, L; Behr, L; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Cohen-Tanugi, J; Ferrag, S; Roussot, E; T'Jampens, S; Thiebaux, C; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Anjomshoaa, A; Bernet, R; Di Lodovico, F; Khan, A; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Swain, J E; Falbo, M; Bozzi, C; Dittongo, S; Folegani, M; Piemontese, L; Treadwell, E; Anulli, F; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Falciai, D; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Xie, Y; Zallo, A; Bagnasco, S; Buzzo, A; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Fabbricatore, P; Farinon, S; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Musenich, R; Pallavicini, M; Parodi, R; Passaggio, S; Pastore, F C; Patrignani, C; Pia, M G; Priano, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Morii, M; Bartoldus, R; Dignan, T; Hamilton, R; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Fischer, P A; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Rosenberg, E I; Benkebil, M; Grosdidier, G; Hast, C; Höcker, A; Lacker, H M; LePeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Trincaz-Duvoid, S; Valassi, A; Wormser, G; Bionta, R M; Brigljevic, V; Fackler, O; Fujino, D; Lange, D J; Mugge, M; Shi, X; van Bibber, K; Wenaus, T J; Wright, D M; Wuest, C R; Carroll, M; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; George, M; Kay, M; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Aspinwall, M L; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Eschrich, I; Gunawardane, N J; Martin, R; Nash, J A; Sanders, P; Smith, D; Azzopardi, D E; Back, J J; Dixon, P; Harrison, P F; Potter, R J; Shorthouse, H W; Strother, P; Vidal, P B; Williams, M I; Cowan, G; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McGrath, P; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Scott, I; Vaitsas, G; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, R J; Boyd, J T; Forti, A; Fullwood, J; Jackson, F; Lafferty, G D; Savvas, N; Simopoulos, E T; Weatherall, J H; Farbin, A; Jawahery, A; Lillard, V; Olsen, J; Roberts, D A; Schieck, J R; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Lin, C S; Moore, T B; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Wittlin, J; Brau, B; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Britton, D I; Milek, M; Patel, P M; Trischuk, J; Lanni, F; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Booke, M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Martin, J P; Nief, J Y; Seitz, R; Taras, P; Zacek, V; Nicholson, H; Sutton, C S; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; LoSecco, J M; Alsmiller, J R; Gabriel, T A; Handler, T; Brau, J; Frey, R; Iwasaki, M; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Colecchia, F; Dal Corso, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Michelon, G; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Torassa, E; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; De La Vaissière, C; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; Le Diberder, F; Leruste, P; Lory, J; Roos, L; Stark, J; Versillé, S; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Speziali, V; Frank, E D; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J H; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Carpinelli, M; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Simi, G; Triggiani, G; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Turnbull, L; Wagoner, D E; Albert, J; Bula, C; Lu, C; McDonald, K T; Miftakov, V; Schaffner, S F; Smith, A J; Tumanov, A; Varnes, E W; Cavoto, G; del Re, D; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Fratini, K; Lamanna, E; Leonardi, E; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Piredda, G; Safai Tehrani, F; Serra, M; Voena, C; Christ, S; Waldi, R; Adye, T; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Xella, S M; Aleksan, R; De Domenico, G; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P F; Hamel De Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Serfass, B; Vasseur, G; Yeche, C; Zito, M; Copty, N; Purohit, M V; Singh, H; Yumiceva, F X; Adam, I; Anthony, P L; Aston, D; Baird, K; Bartelt, J; Bloom, E; Boyarski, A M; Bulos, F; Calderini, G; Claus, R; Convery, M R; Coupal, D P; Coward, D H; Dorfan, J; Doser, M; Dunwoodie, W; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Godfrey, G L; Grosso, P; Himel, T; Huffer, M E; Innes, W R; Jessop, C P; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Langenegger, U; Leith, D W; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Manzin, G; Marsiske, H; Menke, S; Messner, R; Moffeit, K C; Mount, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Petrak, S; Quinn, H; Ratcliff, B N; Robertson, S H; Rochester, L S; Roodman, A; Schietinger, T; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Serbo, V V; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Spanier, S M; Stahl, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Talby, M; Tanaka, H A; Trunov, A; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weinstein, A J; Wisniewski, W J; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Cheng, C H; Kirkby, D; Meyer, T I; Roat, C; De Silva, A; Henderson, R; Bugg, W; Cohn, H; Hart, E; Weidemann, A W; Benninger, T; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Turcotte, M; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Di Girolamo, B; Gamba, D; Smol, A; Zanin, D; Bosisio, L; Della Ricca, G; Lanceri, L; Pompili, A; Poropat, P; Prest, M; Vallazza, E; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Brown, C M; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Charles, E; Dasu, S; Elmer, P; Hu, H; Johnson, J R; Liu, R; Nielsen, J; Orejudos, W; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Scott, I J; Sekula, S J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Zobering, H; Kordich, T M; Neal, H

2001-10-08

We have observed the decays B--> phiK and phiK(*) in a sample of over 45 million B mesons collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II collider. The measured branching fractions are B(B+--> phiK+) = (7.7(+1.6)(-1.4)+/-0.8)x10(-6), B(B0--> phiK0) = (8.1(+3.1)(-2.5)+/-0.8)x10(-6), B(B+--> phiK(*+)) = (9.7(+4.2)(-3.4)+/-1.7)x10(-6), and B(B0--> phiK(*0)) = (8.7(+2.5)(-2.1)+/-1.1)x10(-6). We also report the upper limit B(B+--> phipi(+))<1.4x10(-6) ( 90% C.L.).

Pressure effect on ferroelectricity of multiferroic Ho0.5Nd0.5Fe3(BO3)4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Poudel, Narayan; Gooch, Melissa; Lorenz, Bernd; Bezmaternykh, L. N.; Temerov, V. L.; Chu, C. W.

Ho0.5Nd0.5Fe3(BO3)4 becomes multiferroic below 33 K where it enters into the AFM1 phase and gives rise to a ferroelectric polarization along the a-axis. At 9.5 K, the polarization drops sharply and remains finite value of 40 μC/m2. This is due to the spin rotation from the a-b plane into the c-axis and gives rise to the AFM2 phase. The application of pressure suppresses the AFM2 phase and moves the spin rotation transition from 9.5 K to 4.8 K up to pressure of 18.8 kbar which is observed in both dielectric and pyroelectric measurements. The change in magnetic anisotropy of rare-earth moments and Fe ions under pressure drives the spin rotation transition of rare-earth at lower temperature. DOE, the AFOSR, the T.L.L Temple Foundation, the J.J. and R. Moores Endowment, and the State of Texas (TCSUH).

The Cultural Exchange, A Cross-Cultural and Interdisciplinary Multicultural Education Curriculum for Grades 4-8. North Country Chronicles. Teacher Manual [and] Test Booklet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Humboldt County Office of Education, Eureka, CA.

The document presents historical data and activities for students in grades 4-8 to research and explore the ethnocultural history of Humboldt County, California. Objectives are for students to identify unique geographical characteristics of their county and how these characteristics influence ways of living, examine relationships between American…

Oral Language Expectations for African American Children in Grades 1 through 5

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Craig, Holly K.; Washington, Julie A.; Thompson, Connie A.

2005-01-01

Reference profiles for characterizing the language abilities of elementary-grade African American students are important for assessment and instructional planning. H. K. Craig and J. A. Washington (2002) reported performance for 100 typically developing preschoolers and kindergartners on 5 traditional language measures: mean length of…

Teacher's Guide, Child Care. Grades 4-5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vu Nhat Thanh

This is the teacher's guide accompanying a fourth and fifth grade level course in child care designed for students in Vietnam. Thirty-seven lessons deal with the pregnant mother, breast feeding and bottle feeding, food in addition to milk, and health care and safety measures for infants. Appendices include a nutrition and food table and discussion…

Phase transition in the (Li 0.5-( x/2) K 0.5-( x/2) Cs x) 2SO 4 system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamed, A. E.; El-Aziz, Y. M. Abd.; Madi, N. K.; Kassem, M. E.

1995-12-01

Phase transition in the (Li 0.5-( x/2) K 0.5-( x/2) Cs x) 2SO 4 system was studied by measuring the specific heat at constant pressure, C p, as a function of temperature in the temperature range 300-800 K. For non-zero values of X ( X = 0.2%, 0.5%, 1% and 2%) the critical behaviour of the phase transition was found to change considerably compared with that of X = 0 or pure LiKSO 4. The observed change in the phase transition with increase of Cs 2SO 4 content ( X) was accompanied by a decrease in the thermodynamic parameters: the value of the specific heat at the transition point (Δ C P) max, the transition temperature, T1, and the value of the energy of ordering. The results were interpreted within the Landau thermodynamic theory of the phase transition.

7 CFR 28.464 - Leaf Grade 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Leaf Grade 4. 28.464 Section 28.464 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.464 Leaf Grade 4. Leaf Grade 4 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

7 CFR 28.464 - Leaf Grade 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Leaf Grade 4. 28.464 Section 28.464 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.464 Leaf Grade 4. Leaf Grade 4 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

7 CFR 28.464 - Leaf Grade 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Leaf Grade 4. 28.464 Section 28.464 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.464 Leaf Grade 4. Leaf Grade 4 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

7 CFR 28.464 - Leaf Grade 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Leaf Grade 4. 28.464 Section 28.464 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.464 Leaf Grade 4. Leaf Grade 4 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

7 CFR 28.464 - Leaf Grade 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Leaf Grade 4. 28.464 Section 28.464 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.464 Leaf Grade 4. Leaf Grade 4 is leaf which is within the range represented by...

Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011): User's Manual for the ECLS-K:2011 Kindergarten-Fourth Grade Data File and Electronic Codebook, Public Version. NCES 2018-032

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tourangeau, Karen; Nord, Christine; Lê, Thanh; Wallner-Allen, Kathleen; Vaden-Kiernan, Nancy; Blaker, Lisa; Najarian, Michelle

2018-01-01

This manual provides guidance and documentation for users of the longitudinal kindergarten-fourth grade (K-4) data file of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011). It mainly provides information specific to the fourth-grade round of data collection. The first chapter provides an overview of the…

Learning Science in Grades 3 8 Using Probeware and Computers: Findings from the TEEMSS II Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zucker, Andrew A.; Tinker, Robert; Staudt, Carolyn; Mansfield, Amie; Metcalf, Shari

2008-02-01

The Technology Enhanced Elementary and Middle School Science II project (TEEMSS), funded by the National Science Foundation, produced 15 inquiry-based instructional science units for teaching in grades 3-8. Each unit uses computers and probeware to support students' investigations of real-world phenomena using probes (e.g., for temperature or pressure) or, in one case, virtual environments based on mathematical models. TEEMSS units were used in more than 100 classrooms by over 60 teachers and thousands of students. This paper reports on cases in which groups of teachers taught science topics without TEEMSS materials in school year 2004-2005 and then the same teachers taught those topics using TEEMSS materials in 2005-2006. There are eight TEEMSS units for which such comparison data are available. Students showed significant learning gains for all eight. In four cases (sound and electricity, both for grades 3-4; temperature, grades 5-6; and motion, grades 7-8) there were significant differences in science learning favoring the students who used the TEEMSS materials. The effect sizes are 0.58, 0.94, 1.54, and 0.49, respectively. For the other four units there were no significant differences in science learning between TEEMSS and non-TEEMSS students. We discuss the implications of these results for science education.

Exemplary Science PreK-4: Standards-Based Success Stories

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yager, Robert E., Ed.; Enger, Sandra

2006-01-01

Since their release in 1996, the National Science Education Standards have provided the vision for science education reform. But has that reform actually taken hold in elementary school? "Yes!," reports Robert Yager, editor of Exemplary Science in Grades PreK-4: Standards-Based Success Stories. "Probably the Standards have done more to change…

Understanding the k-5/3 to k-2.4 spectral break in aircraft wind data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pinel, J.; Lovejoy, S.; Schertzer, D. J.; Tuck, A.

2010-12-01

A fundamental issue in atmospheric dynamics is to understand how the statistics of fluctuations of various fields vary with their space-time scale. The classical - and still “standard” model - dates back to Kraichnan and Charney’s work on 2-D and geostrophic (quasi 2-D) turbulence at the end of the 1960’s and early 1970’s. It postulates an isotropic 2-D turbulent regime at large scales and an isotropic 3D regime at small scales separated by a “dimensional transition” (once called a “mesoscale gap”) near the pressure scale height of ≈10 km. By the early 1980’s a quite different model emerged, the 23/9-D scaling model in which the dynamics were postulated to be dominated (over wide scale ranges) by a strongly anisotropic scale invariant cascade mechanism with structures becoming flatter and flatter at larger and larger scales in a scaling manner: the isotropy assumptions were discarded but the scaling and cascade assumptions retained. Today, thanks to the revolution in geodata and atmospheric models - both in quality and quantity - the 23/9-D model can explain the observed horizontal cascade structures in remotely sensed radiances, in meteorological “reanalyses”, in meteorological models, in high resolution drop sonde vertical analyses, of lidar vertical sections etc. All of these analyses directly contradict the standard model which predicts drastic “dimensional transitions” for scalar quantities. Indeed, until recently the only unexplained feature was a scale break in aircraft spectra of the (vector) horizontal wind somewhere between about 40 and 200 km. However - contrary to repeated claims - and thanks to a reanalysis of the historical papers - the transition that had been observed since the 1980’s was not between k^-5/3 and k^-3 but rather between k^-5/3 and k^-2.4. By 2009, the standard model was thus hanging by a thread. This was cut when careful analysis of scientific aircraft data allowed the 23/9-D model to explain the large

Magnetic properties of Zn1-zMnzGa2Se4 alloy system in the temperature range from 2 to 300 K

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morocoima, M.; Quintero, M.; Quintero, E.; Bocaranda, P.; Ruiz, J.; Moreno, E.

2006-10-01

Measurements of low field static magnetic susceptibility and of magnetization with pulsed magnetic fields up to 32T have been made as a function of temperature on polycrystalline samples of the Zn1-zMnzGa2Se4 alloy system, which has a defect tetragonal chalcopyrite structure in the whole composition range. The resulting data have been used to give information on the magnetic spin-flop and magnetic saturation transitions, and details of the magnetic B-T phase diagrams were determined for the phases. The zero-field Néel temperatures TN and triple points, for the Zn1-zMnzGa2Se4 alloy system, have been found to be 8.1K and (7.8K, 2.2T) for z =1, 5.8K and (5.6K, 1.7T) for z =0.85, 4.5K and (4.35K, 1.0T) for z =0.075, and 3.9K and (3.85K, 0.5T) for z =0.7. The susceptibility χ(T ) curves for B =3 and 5T show magnetothermal effects below 4.5K.

Thermopower behavior in the Gd5(Si0.1Ge0.9)4 magnetocaloric compound from 4 to 300 K

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sousa, J. B.; Braga, M. E.; Correia, F. C.; Carpinteiro, F.; Morellon, L.; Algarabel, P. A.; Ibarra, R.

2002-04-01

Recent studies on the orthorhombic Gd5(Si0.1Ge0.9)4 compound show, upon heating, a ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic-like (AFM*) transition at TS=78 K, coupled with a first-order structural martensitic transformation keeping the orthorhombic symmetry but producing a large increase in the interlayer Si(Ge) distances leading to covalent bond-pair breaking. A second-order AFM*→(paramagnetic)PM transition occurs at TN=125 K. We report thermopower (S) measurements for the Gd5(SixGe1-x)4 series, performed on an x=0.1 sample, from 4 to 300 K, with increasing and decreasing temperatures through successive thermal cycling. Resistivity measurements show a systematic increase in the residual resistivity and a dramatic change in the ρ(T) behavior upon thermal cycling. In spite of this, the thermopower data show a common intrinsic behavior both in the ferromagnetic phase (TK) and above ˜230 K, i.e., independent of the number of thermal cycles, increasing or decreasing temperature, and of the particular residual resistivity. Also no drastic differences are seen in S(T) from TS to TN, upon thermal cycling. The structural transition is marked (upon heating) by a sharp increase in the S magnitude, reaching a deep negative minimum of -23 μV K-1 at ˜95 K. Then S(T) rises with increasing slope as T approaches TN, where dS/dT exhibits a singularity. S(T) hysteresis sets in at TS, reaches a maximum around 100 K, does not disapear at TN but persists in the PM phase up to ˜230 K. The later feature correlates well with a similar effect observed in ρ(T). The striking differences between S(T) and ρ(T) behavior under thermal cycling are analyzed.

Career Activities in Science: Grades 7, 8, 9.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boise City Independent School District, ID.

The career activities guide in science, part of an Idaho State Department of Vocational Education career exploration series for grades 7, 8, and 9, is designed as supplementary material to enrich the regular curriculum. Any one activity in the guide might be used without involving any other activities. The cross-referenced index indicates grades,…

Examining the Relationship between Technology & Engineering Instruction and Technology & Engineering Literacy in K-8 Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Tamarra L.

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between technology and engineering instruction and technology and engineering literacy in grades K-8. The factors identified and used for the purpose of this study were gender, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, and important modes of technology and engineering instruction. These factors…

Status of North Carolina Science Education, Grades 4-8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Malcolm L.; And Others

1974-01-01

Reports the results of a study which compared the science achievement of North Carolina students in grades four through eight with that of a national sample. North Carolina students averaged five percent less than the national norm, although their ability (measured by the Lorge-Thorndike IQ test) was equivalent. (JR)

1. 8' x 10' enlargement from 4' x 5' negative ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. 8' x 10' enlargement from 4' x 5' negative Kevin Kriesel-Coons, Photographer, November 13, 1990 EXTERIOR OF HYDRO PLANT, SHOWING CURRENT STATE OF DISREPAIR. VIEW FROM WALKWAY OVER TAILRACE OF CROSSCUT CANAL TO THE LARGER, ORIGINAL CROSSCUT HYDRO PLANT. - Crosscut Steam Plant, Ancillary Hydro Unit, North side Salt River near Mill Avenue & Washington Street, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N8) Clade 2.3.4.4 Infection in Migratory Birds, Egypt.

PubMed

Selim, Abdullah A; Erfan, Ahmed M; Hagag, Naglaa; Zanaty, Ali; Samir, Abdel-Hafez; Samy, Mohamed; Abdelhalim, Ahmed; Arafa, Abdel-Satar A; Soliman, Mohamed A; Shaheen, Momtaz; Ibraheem, Essam M; Mahrous, Ibrahim; Hassan, Mohamed K; Naguib, Mahmoud M

2017-06-01

We isolated highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N8) of clade 2.3.4.4 from the common coot (Fulica atra) in Egypt, documenting its introduction into Africa through migratory birds. This virus has a close genetic relationship with subtype H5N8 viruses circulating in Europe. Enhanced surveillance to detect newly emerging viruses is warranted.

Impedance and AC conductivity studies of Sm3+ substituted 0.8Ba0.2(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 lead free ceramics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sastry, C. V. S. S.; Ramesh, M. N. V.; Ramesh, K. V.

2017-07-01

Samarium substituted 0.8Ba0.2(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 (here after abbreviated as BTBKT-20) lead free ceramics with composition 0.8Ba0.2(Bi0.5(1-x)Sm0.5xK0.5)TiO3 (where x=0.01,0.03,0.05) lead free ceramics have been prepared by solid state reaction and followed by high energy ball milling process. The present paper focuses the impedance and ac conductivity studies of Sm substituted BTBKT-20 lead free ceramics. Impedance spectroscopic studies revealthat temperature dependent relaxation process. Single depressed semi circle was observed in Cole-Cole plots, indicates non-Debye kind of relaxation process. Maximum grain resistance was observed for x=0.03 Sm substituted BTBKT-20 sample. Frequency and temperature dependent AC conductivity was calculated and it found to obey the universal Jonscher's power law and the values of activation energies suggest that conduction is ionic in nature.

Characterization of three types of silicon solar cells for SEPS Deep Space Mission. Volume 3: Current-voltage characteristics of spectrolab sculptured BSR/P+ (K7), BSR/P+ (K6.5) and BSR (K4.5) cells as a function of temperature and intensity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Whitaker, A. F.; Little, S. A.; Wooden, V. A.; Carter, D. E.; Cothren, B. E.; Torstenson, C. A.

1980-01-01

Three types of high performance silicon solar cells, sculptured BSR/P+(K7), BSR/P+(K6.5) and BSR(K4.5) manufactured by Spectrolab were evaluated for their low temperature and low intensity performance. Sixteen cells of each type were subjected to 11 temperatures and 9 intensities. The sculptured BSR/P+(K7) cells provided the greatest maximum power output both at 1 AU and at LTLI conditions. The average efficiencies of this cell were 14.4 percent at 1 SC/+25 deg C and 18.5 percent at 0.086 SC/-100 deg C.

Evaluation of novel scoring system named 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale for allergic conjunctivitis disease.

PubMed

Shoji, Jun; Inada, Noriko; Sawa, Mitsuru

2009-12-01

The objective of this study is to evaluate the practical usefulness of a scoring system using the 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale for allergic conjunctivitis disease (ACD). Subjects were 103 patients with ACD including 40 patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), 20 patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), and 43 patients with allergic conjunctivitis (AC). The 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale consists of the following 3 graded groups of clinical observations: the 100-point-grade group (100 points for each observation) includes active giant papillae, gelatinous infiltrates of the limbus, exfoliative epithelial keratopathy, shield ulcer and papillary proliferation at lower palpebral conjunctiva; the 10-point-grade group (10 points for each observation) includes blepharitis, papillary proliferation with velvety appearance, Horner-Trantas spots, edema of bulbal conjunctiva, and superficial punctate keratopathy; and the 1-point-grade group (1 point for each observation) includes papillae at upper palpebral conjunctiva, follicular lesion at lower palpebral conjunctiva, hyperemia of palpebral conjunctiva, hyperemia of bulbal conjunctiva, and lacrimal effusion. The total points in each grade group were determined as the severity score of the 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale. The median severity scores of the 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale in VKC, AKC and AC were 243 (range: 12-444), 32.5 (11-344), and 13 (2-33), respectively. The severity score of each ACD disease type was significantly different (P < 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test). The severity of each type of ACD was classified as severe, moderate, or mild according to the severity score. The 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale is a useful clinical tool for grading the severity of each type of ACD.

Comparing Science Learning among 4th-, 5th-, and 6th-Grade Students: STS versus Textbook-Based Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yager, Robert E.; Choi, AeRan; Yager, Stuart O.; Akcay, Hakan

2009-01-01

Fifteen 4th-, 5th-, and 6th-grade teachers from five school districts each taught two sections of science--one with a Science-Technology-Society (STS) approach and the other with a more traditional textbook approach in which basic science concepts were the major organizers. Local, current, and personally relevant issues provided the context and…

SMYD5 regulates H4K20me3-marked heterochromatin to safeguard ES cell self-renewal and prevent spurious differentiation.

PubMed

Kidder, Benjamin L; Hu, Gangqing; Cui, Kairong; Zhao, Keji

2017-01-01

Epigenetic regulation of chromatin states is thought to control the self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells. However, the roles of repressive histone modifications such as trimethylated histone 4 lysine 20 (H4K20me3) in pluripotency and development are largely unknown. Here, we show that the histone lysine methyltransferase SMYD5 mediates H4K20me3 at heterochromatin regions. Depletion of SMYD5 leads to compromised self-renewal, including dysregulated expression of OCT4 targets, and perturbed differentiation. SMYD5-bound regions are enriched with repetitive DNA elements. Knockdown of SMYD5 results in a global decrease of H4K20me3 levels, a redistribution of heterochromatin constituents including H3K9me3/2, G9a, and HP1α, and de-repression of endogenous retroelements. A loss of SMYD5-dependent silencing of heterochromatin nearby genic regions leads to upregulated expression of lineage-specific genes, thus contributing to the decreased self-renewal and perturbed differentiation of SMYD5-depleted ES cells. Altogether, these findings implicate a role for SMYD5 in regulating ES cell self-renewal and H4K20me3-marked heterochromatin.

Novel H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in wild awuatic birds, Russia, 2016

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) emerged in 1996 in Guangdong China (Gs/GD) and has evolved into multiple genetic clades. Since 2008, HPAIV H5 clade 2.3.4 with N2, N5 and N8 neuraminidase subtypes have been identified in mainland China and outbreak of HPAIV H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 ou...

7. Photographic copy (reduced to 4 x 5 from 8 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

7. Photographic copy (reduced to 4 x 5 from 8 X 10 black and white paper reproduction in 1941 appraisal by E.E. Malloy at the Engineering Office, Oakland Army Base, California). Photograph taken between June 1940 and January 1941 by unknown photographer. PARTIAL SOUTH ELEVATION OF VEHICLE MAINTENANCE SHOP (BLDG. 99). - Oakland Army Base, Vehicle Maintenance Shop, Attu Street & Corregidor Avenue, Oakland, Alameda County, CA

7 CFR 28.515 - Leaf Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 5. 28.515 Section 28.515 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.515 Leaf Grade No. 5. Leaf grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

7 CFR 28.515 - Leaf Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 5. 28.515 Section 28.515 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.515 Leaf Grade No. 5. Leaf grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

7 CFR 28.515 - Leaf Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 5. 28.515 Section 28.515 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.515 Leaf Grade No. 5. Leaf grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

7 CFR 28.515 - Leaf Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 5. 28.515 Section 28.515 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.515 Leaf Grade No. 5. Leaf grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

7 CFR 28.515 - Leaf Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 5. 28.515 Section 28.515 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.515 Leaf Grade No. 5. Leaf grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

Reintroduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N8 virus of clade 2.3.4.4. in Russia.

PubMed

Marchenko, Vasiliy Y; Susloparov, Ivan M; Komissarov, Andrey B; Fadeev, Artem; Goncharova, Nataliya I; Shipovalov, Andrey V; Svyatchenko, Svetlana V; Durymanov, Alexander G; Ilyicheva, Tatyana N; Salchak, Lyudmila K; Svintitskaya, Elena P; Mikheev, Valeriy N; Ryzhikov, Alexander B

2017-05-01

In the spring of 2016, a loss of wild birds was observed during the monitoring of avian influenza virus activity in the Republic of Tyva. That outbreak was caused by influenza H5N8 virus of clade 2.3.4.4. In the fall, viruses of H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 were propagated in European countries. This paper presents some results of analysis of the virus strains isolated during the spring and fall seasons in 2016 in the Russian Federation. The investigated strains were highly pathogenic for mice, and some of their antigenic and genetic features differed from those of an H5N8 strain that circulated in 2014 in Russia.

AquaSMART: Water & Boating Safety, Grades K-2. Teacher's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas State Dept. of Parks and Wildlife, Austin.

This teacher's guide accompanies a program designed to teach water and boating safety to students in grades K-2. The written curriculum accompanies a video, AquaSMART K-2. The theme of the curriculum is AquaSMART. To become AquaSMART, students must learn 10 basic lessons for water and boating safety. The teacher's guide begins with an overview of…

Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)bisphosphate inhibits K+-efflux channel activity in NT1 tobacco cultured cells.

PubMed

Ma, Xiaohong; Shor, Oded; Diminshtein, Sofia; Yu, Ling; Im, Yang Ju; Perera, Imara; Lomax, Aaron; Boss, Wendy F; Moran, Nava

2009-02-01

In the animal world, the regulation of ion channels by phosphoinositides (PIs) has been investigated extensively, demonstrating a wide range of channels controlled by phosphatidylinositol (4,5)bisphosphate (PtdInsP2). To understand PI regulation of plant ion channels, we examined the in planta effect of PtdInsP2 on the K+-efflux channel of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), NtORK (outward-rectifying K channel). We applied a patch clamp in the whole-cell configuration (with fixed "cytosolic" Ca2+ concentration and pH) to protoplasts isolated from cultured tobacco cells with genetically manipulated plasma membrane levels of PtdInsP2 and cellular inositol (1,4,5)trisphosphate: "Low PIs" had depressed levels of these PIs, and "High PIs" had elevated levels relative to controls. In all of these cells, K channel activity, reflected in the net, steady-state outward K+ currents (IK), was inversely related to the plasma membrane PtdInsP2 level. Consistent with this, short-term manipulations decreasing PtdInsP2 levels in the High PIs, such as pretreatment with the phytohormone abscisic acid (25 microM) or neutralizing the bath solution from pH 5.6 to pH 7, increased IK (i.e. NtORK activity). Moreover, increasing PtdInsP2 levels in controls or in abscisic acid-treated high-PI cells, using the specific PI-phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 (2.5-4 microM), decreased NtORK activity. In all cases, IK decreases stemmed largely from decreased maximum attainable NtORK channel conductance and partly from shifted voltage dependence of channel gating to more positive potentials, making it more difficult to activate the channels. These results are consistent with NtORK inhibition by the negatively charged PtdInsP2 in the internal plasma membrane leaflet. Such effects are likely to underlie PI signaling in intact plant cells.

Experimental infection of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 and H5N8, in Mandarin ducks from South Korea.

PubMed

Son, K; Kim, Y-K; Oem, J-K; Jheong, W-H; Sleeman, J M; Jeong, J

2018-06-01

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) have been reported worldwide. Wild waterfowl play a major role in the maintenance and transmission of HPAI. Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N6 and H5N8 viruses simultaneously emerged in South Korea. In this study, the comparative pathogenicity and infectivity of Clade 2.3.4.4 Group B H5N8 and Group C H5N6 viruses were evaluated in Mandarin duck (Aix galericulata). None of the ducks infected with H5N6 or H5N8 viruses showed clinical signs or mortality. Serological assays revealed that the HA antigenicity of H5N8 and H5N6 viruses was similar to each other. Moreover, both the viruses did not replicate after cross-challenging with H5N8 and H5N6 viruses, respectively, as the second infection. Although both the viruses replicated in most of the internal organs of the ducks, viral replication and shedding through cloaca were higher in H5N8-infected ducks than in H5N6-infected ducks. The findings of this study provide preliminary information to help estimate the risks involved in further evolution and dissemination of Clade 2.3.4.4 HPAI viruses among wild birds. © 2017 The Authors. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Effects of Vitamin K3 and K5 on Daunorubicin-resistant Human T Lymphoblastoid Leukemia Cells.

PubMed

Nakaoka, Eri; Tanaka, Sachiko; Onda, Kenji; Sugiyama, Kentaro; Hirano, Toshihiko

2015-11-01

Anticancer efficacy of vitamin K derivatives on multidrug-resistant cancer cells has been scarcely investigated. The effects of vitamins K3 and K5 on proliferation of human leukemia MOLT-4 cells and on daunorubicin-resistant MOLT-4/DNR cells were estimated by a WST assay. Apoptotic cells were detected by Annexin V and propidium iodide staining, followed by flow cytometry. Vitamins K3 and K5 significantly inhibited proliferation of leukemic cells at 10 and 100 μM (p<0.05), and these effects were almost equally observed in both MOLT-4 and MOLT/DNR drug-resistant cells. Vitamin K3 induced cell apoptosis at 10 and 100 μM in both MOLT-4 and MOLT-4/DNR cells (p<0.05). Vitamin K5 also increased apoptotic cells, while rather inducing necrotic cell death. Vitamins K3 and K5 suppress MOLT-4 and MOLT-4/DNR cell-proliferation partially through induction of apoptosis, and these vitamin derivatives can overcome drug resistance due to P-glycoprotein expression. Copyright© 2015 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.

Gleason grade 4 prostate adenocarcinoma patterns: an interobserver agreement study among genitourinary pathologists.

PubMed

Kweldam, Charlotte F; Nieboer, Daan; Algaba, Ferran; Amin, Mahul B; Berney, Dan M; Billis, Athanase; Bostwick, David G; Bubendorf, Lukas; Cheng, Liang; Compérat, Eva; Delahunt, Brett; Egevad, Lars; Evans, Andrew J; Hansel, Donna E; Humphrey, Peter A; Kristiansen, Glen; van der Kwast, Theodorus H; Magi-Galluzzi, Cristina; Montironi, Rodolfo; Netto, George J; Samaratunga, Hemamali; Srigley, John R; Tan, Puay H; Varma, Murali; Zhou, Ming; van Leenders, Geert J L H

2016-09-01

To assess the interobserver reproducibility of individual Gleason grade 4 growth patterns. Twenty-three genitourinary pathologists participated in the evaluation of 60 selected high-magnification photographs. The selection included 10 cases of Gleason grade 3, 40 of Gleason grade 4 (10 per growth pattern), and 10 of Gleason grade 5. Participants were asked to select a single predominant Gleason grade per case (3, 4, or 5), and to indicate the predominant Gleason grade 4 growth pattern, if present. 'Consensus' was defined as at least 80% agreement, and 'favoured' as 60-80% agreement. Consensus on Gleason grading was reached in 47 of 60 (78%) cases, 35 of which were assigned to grade 4. In the 13 non-consensus cases, ill-formed (6/13, 46%) and fused (7/13, 54%) patterns were involved in the disagreement. Among the 20 cases where at least one pathologist assigned the ill-formed growth pattern, none (0%, 0/20) reached consensus. Consensus for fused, cribriform and glomeruloid glands was reached in 2%, 23% and 38% of cases, respectively. In nine of 35 (26%) consensus Gleason grade 4 cases, participants disagreed on the growth pattern. Six of these were characterized by large epithelial proliferations with delicate intervening fibrovascular cores, which were alternatively given the designation fused or cribriform growth pattern ('complex fused'). Consensus on Gleason grade 4 growth pattern was predominantly reached on cribriform and glomeruloid patterns, but rarely on ill-formed and fused glands. The complex fused glands seem to constitute a borderline pattern of unknown prognostic significance on which a consensus could not be reached. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Expanding the Chemistry of Actinide Metallocene Bromides. Synthesis, Properties and Molecular Structures of the Tetravalent and Trivalent Uranium Bromide Complexes: (C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2, (C 5Me 4R) 2U(O-2,6- iPr 2C 6H 3)(Br), and [K(THF)][(C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2] (R = Me, Et)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lichtscheidl, Alejandro Gaston; Pagano, Justin K.; Scott, Brian Lindley

The organometallic uranium species (C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2 (R = Me, Et) were obtained by treating their chloride analogues (C 5Me 4R) 2UCl 2 (R = Me, Et) with Me 3SiBr. Treatment of (C 5Me 4R) 2UCl 2 and (C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2 (R = Me, Et) with K(O-2,6- iPr 2C 6H 3) afforded the halide aryloxide mixed-ligand complexes (C 5Me 4R) 2U(O-2,6- iPr 2C 6H 3)(X) (R = Me, Et; X = Cl, Br). Complexes (C 5Me 4R) 2U(O-2,6- iPr 2C 6H 3)(Br) (R = Me, Et) can also be synthesized by treating (C 5Me 4R) 2U(O-2,6-more » iPr 2C 6H 3)(Cl) (R = Me, Et) with Me 3SiBr, respectively. Reduction of (C 5Me 4R) 2UCl 2 and (C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2 (R = Me, Et) with KC 8 led to isolation of uranium(III) “ate” species [K(THF)][(C 5Me 5) 2UX 2] (X = Cl, Br) and [K(THF) 0.5][(C 5Me 4Et) 2UX 2] (X = Cl, Br), which can be converted to the neutral complexes (C 5Me 4R) 2U[N(SiMe 3) 2] (R = Me, Et). Analyses by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and elemental analysis are also presented.« less

Expanding the Chemistry of Actinide Metallocene Bromides. Synthesis, Properties and Molecular Structures of the Tetravalent and Trivalent Uranium Bromide Complexes: (C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2, (C 5Me 4R) 2U(O-2,6- iPr 2C 6H 3)(Br), and [K(THF)][(C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2] (R = Me, Et)

DOE PAGES

Lichtscheidl, Alejandro Gaston; Pagano, Justin K.; Scott, Brian Lindley; ...

2016-01-06

The organometallic uranium species (C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2 (R = Me, Et) were obtained by treating their chloride analogues (C 5Me 4R) 2UCl 2 (R = Me, Et) with Me 3SiBr. Treatment of (C 5Me 4R) 2UCl 2 and (C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2 (R = Me, Et) with K(O-2,6- iPr 2C 6H 3) afforded the halide aryloxide mixed-ligand complexes (C 5Me 4R) 2U(O-2,6- iPr 2C 6H 3)(X) (R = Me, Et; X = Cl, Br). Complexes (C 5Me 4R) 2U(O-2,6- iPr 2C 6H 3)(Br) (R = Me, Et) can also be synthesized by treating (C 5Me 4R) 2U(O-2,6-more » iPr 2C 6H 3)(Cl) (R = Me, Et) with Me 3SiBr, respectively. Reduction of (C 5Me 4R) 2UCl 2 and (C 5Me 4R) 2UBr 2 (R = Me, Et) with KC 8 led to isolation of uranium(III) “ate” species [K(THF)][(C 5Me 5) 2UX 2] (X = Cl, Br) and [K(THF) 0.5][(C 5Me 4Et) 2UX 2] (X = Cl, Br), which can be converted to the neutral complexes (C 5Me 4R) 2U[N(SiMe 3) 2] (R = Me, Et). Analyses by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and elemental analysis are also presented.« less

Softoxometalate [{K6.5Cu(OH)8.5(H2O)7.5}0.5@{K3PW12O40}]n (n = 1348-2024) as an Efficient Inorganic Material for CO2 Reduction with Concomitant Water Oxidation.

PubMed

Das, Santu; Kumar, Saurabh; Garai, Somenath; Pochamoni, Ramudu; Paul, Shounik; Roy, Soumyajit

2017-10-11

An immediate challenge for chemists is to devise different methods to trap chemical energy using light by reduction of carbon dioxide to a transportable fuel. To reach this goal the major obstacle lies in finding a suitable material that is abundant and possesses catalytic power to effect such reduction reaction and perform this reduction reaction without using any external photosensitizer. Here we report for the first time a softoxometalate based on a {[K 6.5 Cu(OH) 8.5 (H 2 O) 7.5 ] 0.5 [K 3 PW 12 O 40 ]} metal oxide framework which is stable in reaction conditions that effectively performs photochemical CO 2 reduction reaction in water with a very high turnover number of 613 and TOF of 47.15 h -1 . We observe that during this reaction water gets oxidized to oxygen, while the electrons released directly go to CO 2 reducing it to formic acid. A detailed account of the characterization of the catalyst along with that of products of this reaction is reported.

N-substituted 8-aminopentacyclo[5.4.0.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9)]undecanes as σ receptor ligands with potential neuroprotective effects.

PubMed

Banister, Samuel D; Manoli, Miral; Barron, Melissa L; Werry, Eryn L; Kassiou, Michael

2013-10-01

Several libraries of similarly N-substituted 8-aminopentacyclo[5.4.0.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9)]undecanes (9), N-methyl-8-aminopentacyclo[5.4.0.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9)]undecanes (14), and N-methyl-11-aminopentacyclo[5.4.0.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9)]undecan-8-ones (13) were synthesised and screened against a panel of CNS targets in order to develop structure-affinity relationships for cage-modified trishomocubane σ receptor ligands based on the N-substituted 4-azahexacyclo[5.4.1.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9).0(8,11)]dodecan-3-ol (8) scaffold. In general, compared to the corresponding 4-azahexacyclo[5.4.1.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9).0(8,11)]dodecan-3-ols, compounds of type 9 were potent σ receptor ligands with low levels of subtype selectivity, while the corresponding N-methyl-8-aminopentacyclo[5.4.0.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9)]undecanes showed reduced affinity but greater selectivity for σ2 receptors. The N-methyl-11-aminopentacyclo[5.4.0.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9)]undecan-8-ones demonstrated the poorest σ receptor affinities, suggesting that 4-azahexacyclo[5.4.1.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9).0(8,11)]dodecan-3-ols interact with σ receptors in the bridged hemiaminal form rather than as the non-transannular, aminoketone tautomers. Several compounds of type 8, 9, and 14 were assessed for their ability to inhibit nitric oxide release in vitro, and demonstrated comparable or greater efficacy than 4-phenyl-1-(4-phenylbutyl)piperidine (PPBP), an established neuroprotective σ ligand with NOS inhibitory activity. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The system K2Mg2(SO4)3 (langbeinite)-K2Ca2(SO4)3 (calcium-langbeinite)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Morey, G.W.; Rowe, J.J.; Fournier, R.O.

1964-01-01

The join between the compositions K2Mg2(SO4)3 and K2Ca2(SO4)3 was studied by means of high-temperature equilibrium quenching techniques and by means of a heating stage mounted on an X-ray diffractometer. Complete solid solution exists in the system, but at 25??C members of the solid solution series are isometric only in the composition range 0-73??5 wt. per cent K2Ca2(SO4)3. At compositions richer in K2Ca2(SO4)3 than 73??5 wt. per cent, members of the series are optically biaxial. At higher temperatures members of the solid solution series are isometric at successively more calcium-rich compositions and pure K2Ca2(SO4)3 is isometric above about 200 ?? 2??C. The system is not binary, as mixtures richer in K2Ca2(SO4)3 than 42 wt. per cent decompose with the formation of liquid and CaSO4. ?? 1964.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Peer Victimization (Bullying) among Grades 7 and 8 Middle School Students in Kuwait

PubMed Central

Al Daihani, Abdullah E.; Francis, Konstantinos

2017-01-01

Background. Peer victimization (bullying) is a universal phenomenon with detrimental effects. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and factors of bullying among grades 7 and 8 middle school students in Kuwait. Methods. The study is a cross-sectional study that includes a sample of 989 7th and 8th grade middle school students randomly selected from schools. The Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire was used to measure different forms of bullying. After adjusting for confounding, logistic regression identified the significant associated factors related to bullying. Results. Prevalence of bullying was 30.2 with 95% CI 27.4 to 33.2% (3.5% bullies, 18.9% victims, 7.8% bully victims). Children with physical disabilities and one or both non-Kuwaiti parents or children with divorced/widowed parents were more prone to be victims. Most victims and bullies were found to be current smokers. Bullies were mostly in the fail/fair final school grade category, whereas victims performed better. The logistic regression showed that male gender (adjusted odds ration = 1.671, p = 0.004), grade 8 student (adjusted odds ratio = 1.650, p = 0.004), and student with physical disabilities (adjusted odds ratio = 1.675, p = 0.003), were independently associated with bullying behavior. Conclusions. There is a need for a school-wide professional intervention program and improvement in the students' adjustment to school environment to control bullying behavior. PMID:28348603

8 CFR 101.5 - Special immigrant status for certain G-4 nonimmigrants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special immigrant status for certain G-4... REGULATIONS PRESUMPTION OF LAWFUL ADMISSION § 101.5 Special immigrant status for certain G-4 nonimmigrants. (a) Application. An application for adjustment to special immigrant status under section 101(a)(27)(I) of the INA...

Industrial grade versus scientific pure: Influence on melt properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jonas, I.; Hembree, W.; Yang, F.; Busch, R.; Meyer, A.

2018-04-01

Viscosity, density, and the undercooling ability of the Zr-based bulk glass forming melt, which was manufactured in two different degrees of purity, have been studied. Investigations have been carried out by means of Couette rheometry and electrostatic and electromagnetic levitation with the latter under microgravity conditions. We found that oxygen and impurities present in industrial grade metals do not significantly alter the melt viscosity and density, while they clearly affect the undercooling ability. Comparing container based and containerless results showed that Couette rheometry can be applied in the temperature range between 1150 K and 1375 K, where it provides reliable data, but only at a rather low oxygen content. Higher oxygen contents, as in the case of the industrial grade alloy, cause measurement artefacts. In the case of Zr59.3Cu28.8Al10.4Nb1.5 alloys, these findings allow a better localization of the key factors dominating the glass forming ability.

Health Occupations: Grade 8. Cluster II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calhoun, Olivia H.

A curriculum guide for grade 8, the document is devoted to the occupational cluster "Health Occupations." It is divided into four units: the hospital, preventive medicine, drug use and abuse, and alcohol and tobacco. Each unit is introduced by a statement of the topic, the unit's purpose, main ideas, quests, and a list of career…

Thermally stable compositions including 2,4,8,10-tetranitro-5H-pyrido[3',2':4,5][1,2,3]triazolo[1,2-a]benzotriazo- l-6-ium, inner salt

DOEpatents

Hiskey, Michael A.; Huynh, My Hang

2010-01-26

An explosive formulation including 2,4,8,10-tetranitro-5H-pyrido[3',2':4,5][1,2,3]triazolo[1,2-a]benzotriazo- l-6-ium, inner salt and a high temperature binder is disclosed together with a process of preparing 2,4,8,10-tetranitro-5H-pyrido[3',2':4,5][1,2,3]triazolo[1,2-a]benzotriazo- l-6-ium, inner salt.

Physical Education, Teacher's Guide, Elementary (Grades 1-5).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lefevre, M. D.; And Others

This is a guide for teachers of physical education in the elementary schools of Vietnam. It consists of the following chapters: (1) Definition and Objectives of P.E. and the Teacher's Role; (2) Organization and Orientation of the P.E. program; (3) Methods for Teaching P.E.; (4) P.E. for grades 1 to 5; (5) P.E. for handicapped children; (6) Sports.…

Respiratory motion resolved, self-gated 4D-MRI using Rotating Cartesian K-space (ROCK)

PubMed Central

Han, Fei; Zhou, Ziwu; Cao, Minsong; Yang, Yingli; Sheng, Ke; Hu, Peng

2017-01-01

Purpose To propose and validate a respiratory motion resolved, self-gated (SG) 4D-MRI technique to assess patient-specific breathing motion of abdominal organs for radiation treatment planning. Methods The proposed 4D-MRI technique was based on the balanced steady-state free-precession (bSSFP) technique and 3D k-space encoding. A novel ROtating Cartesian K-space (ROCK) reordering method was designed that incorporates repeatedly sampled k-space centerline as the SG motion surrogate and allows for retrospective k-space data binning into different respiratory positions based on the amplitude of the surrogate. The multiple respiratory-resolved 3D k-space data were subsequently reconstructed using a joint parallel imaging and compressed sensing method with spatial and temporal regularization. The proposed 4D-MRI technique was validated using a custom-made dynamic motion phantom and was tested in 6 healthy volunteers, in whom quantitative diaphragm and kidney motion measurements based on 4D-MRI images were compared with those based on 2D-CINE images. Results The 5-minute 4D-MRI scan offers high-quality volumetric images in 1.2×1.2×1.6mm3 and 8 respiratory positions, with good soft-tissue contrast. In phantom experiments with triangular motion waveform, the motion amplitude measurements based on 4D-MRI were 11.89% smaller than the ground truth, whereas a −12.5% difference was expected due to data binning effects. In healthy volunteers, the difference between the measurements based on 4D-MRI and the ones based on 2D-CINE were 6.2±4.5% for the diaphragm, 8.2±4.9% and 8.9±5.1% for the right and left kidney. Conclusion The proposed 4D-MRI technique could provide high resolution, high quality, respiratory motion resolved 4D images with good soft-tissue contrast and are free of the “stitching” artifacts usually seen on 4D-CT and 4D-MRI based on resorting 2D-CINE. It could be used to visualize and quantify abdominal organ motion for MRI-based radiation treatment

Real-time capture and reconstruction system with multiple GPUs for a 3D live scene by a generation from 4K IP images to 8K holograms.

PubMed

Ichihashi, Yasuyuki; Oi, Ryutaro; Senoh, Takanori; Yamamoto, Kenji; Kurita, Taiichiro

2012-09-10

We developed a real-time capture and reconstruction system for three-dimensional (3D) live scenes. In previous research, we used integral photography (IP) to capture 3D images and then generated holograms from the IP images to implement a real-time reconstruction system. In this paper, we use a 4K (3,840 × 2,160) camera to capture IP images and 8K (7,680 × 4,320) liquid crystal display (LCD) panels for the reconstruction of holograms. We investigate two methods for enlarging the 4K images that were captured by integral photography to 8K images. One of the methods increases the number of pixels of each elemental image. The other increases the number of elemental images. In addition, we developed a personal computer (PC) cluster system with graphics processing units (GPUs) for the enlargement of IP images and the generation of holograms from the IP images using fast Fourier transform (FFT). We used the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) as the development environment for the GPUs. The Fast Fourier transform is performed using the CUFFT (CUDA FFT) library. As a result, we developed an integrated system for performing all processing from the capture to the reconstruction of 3D images by using these components and successfully used this system to reconstruct a 3D live scene at 12 frames per second.

CHANGES IN THE REGIONAL PREVALENCE OF CHILD OBESITY IN 4th, 8th, AND 11th GRADE STUDENTS IN TEXAS FROM 2000–2002 TO 2004–2005

PubMed Central

Kelder, S. H.; Pérez, A.; Day, R. S.; Benoit, J.; Frankowski, R. F.; Walker, J. L.; Lee, E. S.

2016-01-01

Although national and state estimates of child obesity are available, data at these levels are insufficient to monitor effects of local obesity prevention initiatives. The purpose of this study was to examine regional changes in the prevalence of obesity due to state-wide policies and programs among children in grades 4, 8, and 11 in Texas Health Service Regions (HSR) between 2000–2002 and 2004–2005, and nine selected counties in 2004–2005. A cross-sectional, probability-based sample of 23,190 Texas students in grades 4, 8, and 11 were weighed and measured to obtain body mass index (BMI). Obesity was greater than 95th percentile for BMI by age/sex using CDC growth charts. Child obesity prevalence significantly decreased between 2000–2002 and 2004–2005 for 4th grade students in the El Paso HSR (−7.0%, p=0.005). A leveling off in the prevalence of obesity was noted for all other regions for grades 4, 8 and 11. County-level data supported the statistically significant decreases noted in the El Paso region. The reduction of child obesity levels observed in the El Paso area is one of the few examples of effective programs and policies based on a population-wide survey: in this region, a local foundation funded extensive regional implementation of community programs for obesity prevention, including an evidence-based elementary school-based health promotion program, adult nutrition and physical activity programs, and a radio and television advertising campaign. Results emphasize the need for sustained school, community and policy efforts, and that these efforts can result in decreases in child obesity at the population level. PMID:19798066

Continuous Cooling from 10 K to 4 K Using a Toroidal ADR

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

DiPirro, Michael J.; Canavan, Edgar R.; Shirron, Peter J.; Tuttle, James G.

2003-01-01

Future large infrared space telescopes will require cooling to 4K to achieve background limited performance for submillimeter wavelengths. These observatories will require lifetimes of many years and will have relatively large cooling requirements making stored helium dewars impractical. We have designed and are building an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) for use in cooling relatively large loads (10- 100 mW) at 4K and rejecting that heat to a cryocooler operating at 1 OK. Cryocoolers below 1 OK have poor thermodynamic efficiency and ADRs can operate in this temperature range with an efficiency of 75% of Carnot or better. Overall, this can save as much as 2/3 of the input power required to operate a 4K cryocooler. The ADR magnet consists of 8 short coils wired in series and arranged in a toroid to provide self shielding of its magnetic field. This will save mass (about 30% of the mass or about 1.5 kg in our small version, higher percentages in higher cooling power, larger versions) that would have been used for passive or active shields in an ordinary solenoid. The toroid has a 100 mm outer diameter and will produce an approximately 3T average field. In the initial demonstration model the toroid coils will be wound with ordinary NbTi wire and operated at 4K. A second version will then use Nb3Sn wire to provide complete 10K operation. As a refrigerant for this temperature range we will use either GdLiF4 or GdF3 crystals, pending tests of these crystals' cooling capacity per field and thermal conductance. Preliminary indications are that these materials are superior to GGG. We will use gas gap heat switches to alternately connect the toroid to the cold load and the warm heat sink. A small continuous stage will maintain the cold end at 4K while the main toroid is recycled.

7 CFR 28.514 - Leaf Grade No. 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 4. 28.514 Section 28.514 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.514 Leaf Grade No. 4. Leaf grade No. 4 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

7 CFR 28.514 - Leaf Grade No. 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 4. 28.514 Section 28.514 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.514 Leaf Grade No. 4. Leaf grade No. 4 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

7 CFR 28.514 - Leaf Grade No. 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 4. 28.514 Section 28.514 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.514 Leaf Grade No. 4. Leaf grade No. 4 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

7 CFR 28.514 - Leaf Grade No. 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 4. 28.514 Section 28.514 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.514 Leaf Grade No. 4. Leaf grade No. 4 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

7 CFR 28.514 - Leaf Grade No. 4.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Leaf Grade No. 4. 28.514 Section 28.514 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Leaf Grade of American Pima Cotton § 28.514 Leaf Grade No. 4. Leaf grade No. 4 shall be American Pima cotton which in...

Lasing of multiperiod quantum-cascade lasers in the spectral range of (5.6–5.8)-μm under current pumping

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Egorov, A. Yu., E-mail: anton@beam.ioffe.ru; Babichev, A. V.; Karachinsky, L. Ya.

2015-11-15

The lasing of multiperiod quantum-cascade lasers in the spectral range of (5.6–5.8)-μm under current pumping are demonstrated. The quantum-cascade laser heterostructure is grown by molecular-beam epitaxy technique. Despite the relatively short laser cavity length and high level of external loss the laser shows the lasing in the temperature range of 80–220 K. The threshold current density below 4 kA/cm{sup 2} at 220 K with the characteristic temperature T{sub 0} = 123 K was demonstrated.

The Effects of Learning about the Five States of Mind on Elementary Children in Grades 3, 4, and 5

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rinaldi, Lyn

2013-01-01

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether children in Grades 3, 4, and 5 who learned about the Five States of Mind (Costa & Garmston, 1994) would improve their mindset, their knowledge of the Five States of Mind, and their performance on the Mathematics Constructed Response and Rubrics assessment. Student participant growth was…

Effects of exposure to sonar playback sounds (3.5 - 4.1 kHz) on harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) hearing.

PubMed

Kastelein, Ronald A; Helder-Hoek, Lean; Van de Voorde, Shirley

2017-10-01

Safety criteria for naval sonar sounds are needed to protect harbor porpoise hearing. Two porpoises were exposed to sequences of AN/SQS-53C sonar playback sounds (3.5-4.1 kHz, without significant harmonics), at a mean received sound pressure level of 142 dB re 1 μPa, with a duty cycle of 96% (almost continuous). Behavioral hearing thresholds at 4 and 5.7 kHz were determined before and after exposure to the fatiguing sound, in order to quantify temporary threshold shifts (TTSs) and hearing recovery. Control sessions were also conducted. Significant mean initial TTS 1-4 of 5.2 dB at 4 kHz and 3.1 dB at 5.7 kHz occurred after 30 min exposures (mean received cumulative sound exposure level, SEL cum : 175 dB re 1 μPa 2 s). Hearing thresholds returned to pre-exposure levels within 12 min. Significant mean initial TTS 1-4 of 5.5 dB at 4 kHz occurred after 60 min exposures (SEL cum : 178 dB re 1 μPa 2 s). Hearing recovered within 60 min. The SEL cum for AN/SQS-53C sonar sounds required to induce 6 dB of TTS 4 min after exposure (the definition of TTS onset) is expected to be between 175 and 180 dB re 1 μPa 2 s.

Virtual Acoustic Displays for Teleconferencing: Intelligibility Advantage for "Telephone Grade" Audio

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Begault, Durand R.; Null, Cynthia H. (Technical Monitor)

1994-01-01

Speech intelligibility was evaluated using a virtual acoustic ("3-D audio") display using the method specified by ANSI. Ten subjects were evaluated with stimuli either unfiltered or low-pass filtered at 4 kHz. Results show virtual acoustic techniques are advantageous for both full-bandwidth (44.1 kHz srate) and low (8 kHz srate) bandwidth "telephone-grade" teleconferencing systems.

8 CFR 1236.4 - Removal of S-5, S-6, and S-7 nonimmigrants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Removal of S-5, S-6, and S-7 nonimmigrants. 1236.4 Section 1236.4 Aliens and Nationality EXECUTIVE OFFICE FOR IMMIGRATION REVIEW, DEPARTMENT OF... OF ALIENS ORDERED REMOVED Detention of Aliens Prior to Order of Removal § 1236.4 Removal of S-5, S-6...

8 CFR 236.4 - Removal of S-5, S-6, and S-7 nonimmigrants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Removal of S-5, S-6, and S-7 nonimmigrants. 236.4 Section 236.4 Aliens and Nationality DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS... of Aliens Prior to Order of Removal § 236.4 Removal of S-5, S-6, and S-7 nonimmigrants. (a) Condition...

Embryo apoptosis identification: Oocyte grade or cleavage stage?

PubMed Central

Bakri, Noraina Mohd; Ibrahim, Siti Fatimah; Osman, Nurul Atikah; Hasan, Nurhaslina; Jaffar, Farah Hanan Fathihah; Rahman, Zulaiha Abdul; Osman, Khairul

2015-01-01

Apoptosis is a programed cell death that is vital for tissue homeostasis. However, embryo apoptosis had been known to be related to embryo fragmentation which should be avoided in in vitro fertilization (IVF). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of embryo apoptosis with the grade of immature oocytes and cleavage stage of in vitro produced (IVP) cattle embryos. This study consisted of 345 oocytes collected through ovary slicing. Immature oocytes were graded as A, B and C. This grading was based on cumulus cell thickness and compactness. All oocytes then underwent an in vitro maturation (IVM) procedure. An IVF was done 24 h after IVM culture. Prior to staining, stage of cleaved embryos was determined and classified as either 2, 4, 8 or >8-cell embryo stage. Apoptosis status of cleaved IVP embryos was determined by using annexin V-FITC staining technique at 48 and 72 h post insemination (hpi). Apoptosis status for each embryo was classified as either early or late. The result showed that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) of apoptosis status among grade A, B and C embryos. All grades of oocytes showed embryo apoptosis where 1.5% late apoptosis for grade A, 4.5% and 10.4% of early and late apoptosis for grade B and grade C. Early apoptosis was not seen in grade A embryo. We also noted no significant difference (p > 0.05) of apoptosis status between 2, 4, 8 and >8-cell embryo stage. Early apoptosis was also not seen in >8-cell stage. Even though there were no differences in apoptosis expression between the three classes, the cleavage rate of grade A oocytes was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than grade B and grade C. In conclusion, the apoptosis expression in the embryo can occur regardless of the oocyte quality and the cleavage stage of the embryo produced. PMID:26858565

Cell-autonomous CCL5 transcription by memory CD8 T cells is regulated by IL-4.

PubMed

Marçais, Antoine; Coupet, Charles-Antoine; Walzer, Thierry; Tomkowiak, Martine; Ghittoni, Raffaella; Marvel, Jacqueline

2006-10-01

Immunological memory is associated with the display of improved effector functions. The maintenance by CD8 memory cells of high levels of untranslated CCL5 mRNA allows these cells to immediately secrete this chemokine upon Ag stimulation. Untranslated mRNA storage is a newly described process supporting the immediate display of an effector function by memory lymphocytes. We have tested the capacity of different cytokines to regulate the memorization of CCL5 by memory CD8 T cells. We found that IL-4 treatment of murine CD8 T cells impairs immediate CCL5 secretion capacity by inhibiting CCL5 mRNA transcription through a STAT6-dependent pathway. The inhibition by IL-4 is reversible, as memory CD8 T cells reconstitute their CCL5 mRNA stores and reacquire their immediate CCL5 secretion capacity when IL-4 is withdrawn. This recovery is cell autonomous because it proceeds in culture medium in the absence of exogenous growth factors, suggesting that CCL5 expression by memory CD8 T cells is a default process. Overall, these results indicate that the expression of CCL5 is an intrinsic property acquired by memory CD8 T cells that is regulated by environmental factors.

Cyclic guanidines: synthesis and antiplatelet activity of 4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-7-ones and 1,4,6,7,8,9-hexahydropyrazolo [3',4':4,5]pyrimido[2,1-c] [1,2,4]triazin-7-ones.

PubMed

Ferroni, R; Simoni, D; Orlandini, P; Bardi, A; Franze, G P; Guarneri, M

1990-12-01

A series of 4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazolo [3,4-d]pyrimidin-7-ones (1b-n) and 1,4,6,7,8,9-hexahydropyrazolo [3',4':4,5]pyrimido [2,1-c][1,2,4]triazin-7-ones (2a-d) has been synthesized. In view of their potential anti-aggregating activity the compounds were tested in vitro for inhibitory activity towards ADP- and collagen-induced aggregation of human platelets. Among the compounds studied, 8-benzyl-1-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo [1,2-a]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-7-one (1n) exhibited the most favorable activity. The 2,5-dichlorophenyl side chain is an important lipophilic and/or steric pharmacophore.

Theory of K-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering and its application for La0.5Sr1.5MnO4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seman, T. F.; Liu, X.; Hill, J. P.; van Veenendaal, M.; Ahn, K. H.

2013-03-01

We present a formula based on tight-binding approach for the calculation of K-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectrum for transition metal oxides, by extending the previous result [K. H. Ahn, A. J. Fedro, and M. van Veenendaal, Phys. Rev. B 79, 045103 (2009).] to include explicit momentum dependence and a basis with multiple core hole sites. We apply this formula to layered charge, orbital, and spin ordered manganites, La0.5Sr1.5MnO4. The K-edge RIXS spectrum is found not periodic with respect to the actual reciprocal lattice, but approximately periodic with respect to the reciprocal lattice for the hypothetical unit cell with one core hole site. With experimental strcuture and reasonable tight-binding parameters, we obtain good agreement with experimental data, in particular, with regards to the large variation of the intensity with momentum. We find that the screening in La0.5Sr1.5MnO4 is highly localized around the core hole site and demonstrate the potential of K-edge RIXS as a probe for the screening dynamics in materials. Work supported by US.DOE Contr. DE-AC02-98CH10886 (X.L.,J.H.), US.DOE Award DE-FG02-03ER46097 (M.v.V.), CMCSN under Grants DE-FG02-08ER46540 & DE-SC0007091 (T.S.,K.A.,M.v.V.), Argonne XSD Visitor Prog.(K.A.), US.DOE Contr. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (X.L.,J.H).

Solid state reactions of CeO 2, PuO 2, (U,Ce)O 2 and (U,Pu)O 2 with K 2S 2O 8

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keskar, Meera; Kasar, U. M.; Mudher, K. D. Singh; Venugopal, V.

2004-09-01

Solid state reactions of CeO 2, PuO 2 and mixed oxides (U,Ce)O 2 and (U,Pu)O 2 containing different mol.% of Ce and Pu, were carried out with K 2S 2O 8 at different temperatures to identify the formation of various products and to investigate their dissolution behaviour. X-ray, chemical and thermal analysis methods were used to characterise the products formed at various temperatures. The products obtained by heating two moles of K 2S 2O 8 with one mole each of CeO 2, PuO 2, (U,Ce)O 2 and (U,Pu)O 2 at 400 °C were identified as K 4Ce(SO 4) 4, K 4Pu(SO 4) 4, K 4(U,Ce)(SO 4) 4 and K 4(U,Pu)(SO 4) 4, respectively. K 4Ce(SO 4) 4 further decomposed to form K 4Ce(SO 4) 3.5 at 600 °C and mixture of K 2SO 4 and CeO 2 at 950 °C. Thus the products formed during the reaction of 2K 2S 2O 8 + CeO 2 show that cerium undergoes changes in oxidation state from +4 to +3 and again to +4. XRD data of K 4Ce(SO 4) 4 and K 4Ce(SO 4) 3.5 were indexed on triclinic and monoclinic system, respectively. PuO 2 + 2K 2S 2O 8 reacts at 400 °C to form K 4Pu(SO 4) 4 which was stable upto 750 °C and further decomposes to form K 2SO 4 + PuO 2 at 1000 °C. The products formed at 400 °C during the reactions of the oxides and mixed oxides were found to be readily soluble in 1-2 M HNO 3.

PhysicsFun4k24

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-11

DATE 01 OCT 2013 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 01-08-2012 to 31-12-2012 4 . TITLE AND SUBTITLE PhysicsFun4k24 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT...3  3.2  Curriculum Space ‐ Force and Motion ................................................................................  4   3.3  Game Space...Virtual World of “Tadpoles” ........................................................................  4   4   Measurement and Assessment

Environmental Education: Food - The Coming Crisis (Grades K-12).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Jersey State Council for Environmental Education, Upper Montclair.

This publication presents classroom activities for teaching about the world food shortage. These activities are organized by objectives, are multidisciplinary and cover the K-12 grade levels. The objectives listed include: (1) Describe some food chains; (2) Appraise the effect of soil conditions, geographic and climatic factors on the food…

8. Photographic copy of photograph (from original 4 x 5 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8. Photographic copy of photograph (from original 4 x 5 black and white print in the Army Port Contractors' 'Completion Report' at the Engineering Office, Oakland Army Base, California). Photograph taken May 13, 1942 by unknown photographer. BIRDS-EYE VIEW FROM THE SOUTH OF PRINTING PLANT (STOREHOUSE, BLDG. 85) AT CENTER TOP; STOREHOUSE (BLDG. 88) AT TOP RIGHT; GENERAL PURPOSE ADMINISTRATION BUILDING (BLDG. 90) AT CENTER. - Oakland Army Base, Maritime Street at West Grand Avenue, Oakland, Alameda County, CA

Literature-Based Reading Series for Grades K-3: Are They Truly Literature?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donoghue, Mildred R.

In its current adoptions of reading series for the elementary grades, California has chosen literature-based programs rather than the more traditional basal readers. A study investigated whether the contents of such readers for grades K-3 truly consist solely of literary selections, since it is well-recognized that quality books carry heavy…

Two new three-dimensional zinc phosphites templated by piperazine: [H2pip][Zn3(HPO3)4(H2O)2] and K[H2pip]0.5[Zn3(HPO3)4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xiao; Wang, Guo-Ming; Wang, Zong-Hua; Wang, Ying-Xia; Lin, Jian-Hua

2014-01-01

Two three-dimensional open-framework zinc phosphites with the same organically templated, [H2pip][Zn3(HPO3)4(H2O)2] (1) and K[H2pip]0.5[Zn3(HPO3)4] (2) (pip = piperazine), have been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by IR, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, powder and single-crystal X-ray diffractions. Compound 1 consists of ZnO4 tetrahedra, [HPO3] pseudopyramids and [ZnO4(H2O)2] octahedra, which are linked through their vertexes to generate three-dimensional architecture with intersecting 8-membered channels along the [1 0 0], [0 0 1] and [1 0 1] directions. Compound 2 is constructed from strictly alternating ZnO4 tetrahedra and [HPO3] pseudopyramids, and exhibits (3,4)-connected inorganic framework with 8-, and 12-membered channels, in which the K+ and diprotonated H2pip2+ extra-framework cations reside, respectively. The coexistence of inorganic K+ and organic piperazine mixed templates in the structure is unique and, to the best of our knowledge, firstly observed in metal-phosphite materials. In addition, the participation of left-handed and right-handed helical chains in construction of the puckered 4.82 sheet structure in 2 is also noteworthy.

Magnetism of the 35 K superconductor CsEuFe4As4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Albedah, Mohammed A.; Nejadsattari, Farshad; Stadnik, Zbigniew M.; Liu, Yi; Cao, Guang-Han

2018-04-01

The results of ab initio hyperfine-interaction parameters calculations, and of x-ray diffraction and 57Fe and 151Eu Mössbauer spectroscopy study of the new 35 K superconductor CsEuFe4As4 are reported. The superconductor crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4/mmm with the lattice parameters a = 3.8956(1) Å and c = 13.6628(5) Å. It is demonstrated unequivocally that there is no magnetic order of the Fe magnetic moments down to 2.1 K and that the ferromagnetic order is associated with the Eu magnetic moments. The Curie temperature TC = 15.97(8) K determined from the temperature dependence of the hyperfine magnetic field at 151Eu nuclei is shown to be compatible with the temperature dependence of the transferred hyperfine magnetic field at 57Fe nuclei that is induced by the ferromagnetically ordered Eu sublattice. The Eu magnetic moments are shown to be perpendicular to the crystallographic c-axis. The temperature dependence of the principal component of the electric field gradient tensor, both at Fe and Eu sites, is well described by a T 3/2 power-law relation. Good agreement between the calculated and measured hyperfine-interaction parameters is observed. The Debye temperature of CsEuFe4As4 is found to be 295(3) K.

Measuring psychological distress in older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Australians: a comparison of the K-10 and K-5.

PubMed

McNamara, Bridgette J; Banks, Emily; Gubhaju, Lina; Williamson, Anna; Joshy, Grace; Raphael, Beverley; Eades, Sandra J

2014-12-01

To assess the cross-cultural validity of two Kessler psychological distress scales (K-10 and K-5) by examining their measurement properties among older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders and comparing them to those in non-Aboriginal individuals from NSW Australia. Self-reported questionnaire data from the 45 and Up Study for 1,631 Aboriginal and 231,774 non-Aboriginal people were used to examine the factor structure, convergent validity, internal consistency and levels of missing data of K-10 and K-5. We found excellent agreement in classification of distress of Aboriginal participants by K-10 and K-5 (weighted kappa=0.87), high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha K-10: 0.93, K-5: 0.88), and factor structures consistent with those for the total Australian population. Convergent validity was evidenced by a strong graded relationship between the level of distress and the odds of: problems with daily activities due to emotional problems; current treatment for depression or anxiety; and poor quality of life. K-10 and K-5 scales are promising tools for measuring psychological distress among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders aged 45 and over in research and clinical settings. © 2014 Public Health Association of Australia.

Social Science Instructional Guides: Middle School. (Grades 6-8).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Best, Karen; And Others

The guide, part of a social science learning continuum from first through twelfth grades, contains outlines for two-semester social studies courses for grades 6, 7, and 8. The courses focus on the geographic setting, history, and cultures of the Americans and the need for inter-American cooperation. The guides for each course contain three…

The Leap into 4th Grade

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Mike

2011-01-01

Fourth grade is a pivotal year, in which students commonly face increased academic demands. According to Anderson, teachers can help students make a smooth transition to 4th grade by introducing these new challenges in ways that are in line with 4th graders' common developmental characteristics: incredible energy and emotion, industriousness and…

Teaching Units on Smoking, Grades 4, 5, 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, Helen M.

Smoking, tobacco, and health are presented in this resource unit for grades four, five, and six. One of three units on smoking, drugs, and alcohol, this guide for teachers outlines information about the physiological and socio-economic effects of smoking, effects of smoking on physical performance, man's use of tobacco and tobacco production,…

The Urban Environment. A Teacher's Guide, Grades K-3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Busch, Phyllis S.

Sixty-three learning activities comprise this curriculum guide to conservation education designed for elementary students. The activities enable the teacher to relate the urban child's immediate environment to the ecological problems which confront our world. Four conceptual schemes are used for each of the four grades, K-3: Living things (plants,…

Health Curriculum Guide. Grade K. Bulletin 1988, No. 48.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabama State Dept. of Education, Montgomery.

This curriculum guide supplements the Alabama "Health Education Course of Study," which offers a comprehensive planned sequential curriculum for grades K-12. The largest section of the guide consists of classroom activities which are tied to specific student outcomes. A list of materials needed to carry out the activities is provided.…

Spelling performance of 2nd to 5th grade students from public school.

PubMed

Capellini, Simone Aparecida; Amaral, Amanda Corrêa do; Oliveira, Andrea Batista; Sampaio, Maria Nobre; Fusco, Natália; Cervera-Mérida, José Francisco; Ygual-Fernández, Amparo

2011-09-01

To characterize, compare and classify the performance of 2nd to 5th grade students from public schools according to the semiology of spelling errors. Participants were 120 students from 2nd to 5th grades of a public school in Marília (SP), Brazil, 30 students from each grade, who were divided into four groups: GI (2nd grade), GII (3rd grade), GIII (4th grade), and GIV (5th grade). The tasks of the Pro-Ortografia test were applied: collective version (writing of alphabet letters, randomized dictation of letters, words dictation, nonwords dictation, dictation with pictures, thematic writing induced by picture) and individual version (dictation of sentences, purposeful error, spelled dictation, orthographic lexical memory). Significant difference was found in the between-group comparison indicating better performance of students in every subsequent grade in most of the individual and collective version tasks. With the increase of grade level, the groups decreased the average of writing errors. The profile of spelling acquisition of the Portuguese writing system found in these public school students indicates normal writing development in this population.

Arizona Academic Standards: Grade 7

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arizona Department of Education, 2009

2009-01-01

This document contains the Arizona academic standards for Grade 7. The following 11 standards are reviewed: (1) The Arts Standard 2006 --Grade 7; (2) Comprehensive Health Education/Physical Activity Standards 1997--Essentials (Grades 4-8); (3) Foreign and Native Language Standards 1997--Essentials (Grades 4-8); (4) Reading Standard Articulated by…

School Television for Social Studies: A Competency-Based Matrix, Grades K-3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh.

This matrix keys the objectives of the school television programs to the objectives of the grades K-3 competency-based curriculum. Eight programs of the "Out and About" series address science and social studies competency goals and objectives for kindergarten and grade 1. Titles of the lessons are: "Making Friends"; "Keeping Friends"; "Ways to…

Guides in Construction and Manufacturing for Elementary School Industrial Arts. K-2; 3-4; 5-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohio State Univ., Columbus.

This series of three guides was developed by 25 participants in the institute. One hundred and eight industrial arts lesson plans for grades K-6 are included in these guides for construction and for manufacturing intended to reflect the contemporary industrial and technological society in which young children live. Some typical construction…

ARID5B, CEBPE and PIP4K2A Germline Genetic Polymorphisms and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Mexican Patients: A MIGICCL Study.

PubMed

Bekker-Méndez, Vilma Carolina; Núñez-Enríquez, Juan Carlos; Torres Escalante, José Luis; Alvarez-Olmos, Enrique; González-Montalvoc, Pablo Miguel; Jiménez-Hernández, Elva; Sansón, Aurora Medina; Leal, Yelda A; Ramos-Cervantes, María Teresa; Guerra-Castillo, Francisco Xavier; Ortiz-Maganda, Mónica Patricia; Flores-Lujano, Janet; Pérez-Saldivar, Maria Luisa; Velazquez-Aviña, Martha Margarita; Bolea-Murga, Victoria; Torres-Nava, José Refugio; Amador-Sanchez, Raquel; Solis-Labastida, Karina Anastacia; Rámirez-Bello, Julian; Fragoso, José Manuel; Mejía-Aranguré, Juan Manuel

2016-11-01

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the leading cause of childhood cancer-related deaths worldwide. Multiples studies have shown that ALL seems to be originated by an interaction between environmental and genetic susceptibility factors. The ARID5B polymorphisms are among the most reproducible ALL associated-risk alleles in different populations. The aim of the present study was to examine the contribution of ARID5B, CEBPE, and PIP4K2 risk alleles for the development of ALL in children from Mexico City and Yucatan, Mexico. A study was conducted with a total of 761 unrelated subjects. Two hundred eighty five ALL cases (111 from Yucatan and 174 from Mexico City) and 476 healthy subjects. Genotyping included the rs7088318 (PIP4K2A), rs10821936 (ARID5B), rs7089424 (ARID5B) and rs2239633 (CEBPE) polymorphisms. Associations between ALL and rs10821936 and rs7089424 ARID5B SNPs were found (OR = 1.9, 95% CI (1.5-2.4) and OR = 2.0, 95% CI (1.6-2.5), respectively). Moreover, a higher risk was observed in the homozygous risk genotypes of carriers from Mexico City (OR = 3.1, 95% CI (2.0-4.9) and OR 3.1, CI 95% (2.0-4.8), respectively). Otherwise, the rs7088318 (PIP4K2A) and rs2239633 (CEBPE) polymorphisms were not associated with ALL risk. Our analysis suggests that ARID5B confers risk for childhood ALL in a Mexican population. Copyright © 2016 IMSS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

7 CFR 28.505 - Color Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Color Grade No. 5. 28.505 Section 28.505 Agriculture... American Pima Cotton § 28.505 Color Grade No. 5. Color grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in color is within the range represented by a set of samples in the custody of the U.S. Department of...

7 CFR 28.505 - Color Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Color Grade No. 5. 28.505 Section 28.505 Agriculture... American Pima Cotton § 28.505 Color Grade No. 5. Color grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in color is within the range represented by a set of samples in the custody of the U.S. Department of...

7 CFR 28.505 - Color Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Color Grade No. 5. 28.505 Section 28.505 Agriculture... American Pima Cotton § 28.505 Color Grade No. 5. Color grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in color is within the range represented by a set of samples in the custody of the U.S. Department of...

7 CFR 28.505 - Color Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Color Grade No. 5. 28.505 Section 28.505 Agriculture... American Pima Cotton § 28.505 Color Grade No. 5. Color grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in color is within the range represented by a set of samples in the custody of the U.S. Department of...

7 CFR 28.505 - Color Grade No. 5.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Color Grade No. 5. 28.505 Section 28.505 Agriculture... American Pima Cotton § 28.505 Color Grade No. 5. Color grade No. 5 shall be American Pima cotton which in color is within the range represented by a set of samples in the custody of the U.S. Department of...

CURRICULUM GUIDE FOR SCIENCE FOR GRADES 7 AND 8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center