Sample records for kalle pilt vello
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The nature of very low luminosity objects (VeLLOs)
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Vorobyov, Eduard I.; Elbakyan, Vardan; Dunham, Michael M.; Guedel, Manuel
2017-04-01
Aims: The nature of very low luminosity objects (VeLLOs) with the internal luminosity Lobj ≤ 0.1 L⊙ is investigated by means of numerical modeling coupling the core collapse simulations with the stellar evolution calculations. Methods: The gravitational collapse of a large sample of model cores in the mass range 0.1-2.0 M⊙ is investigated. Numerical simulations were started at the pre-stellar phase and terminated at the end of the embedded phase when 90% of the initial core mass had been accreted onto the forming protostar plus disk system. The disk formation and evolution was studied using numerical hydrodynamics simulations, while the formation and evolution of the central star was calculated using a stellar evolution code. Three scenarios for mass accretion from the disk onto the star were considered: hybrid accretion in which a fraction of accreted energy absorbed by the protostar depends on the accretion rate, hot accretion wherein a fraction of accreted energy is constant, and cold accretion wherein all accretion energy is radiated away. Results: Our conclusions on the nature of VeLLOs depend crucially on the character of protostellar accretion. In the hybrid accretion scenario, most VeLLOs (90.6%) are expected to be the first hydrostatic cores (FHSCs) and only a small fraction (9.4%) are true protostars. In the hot accretion scenario, all VeLLOs are FHSCs due to overly high photospheric luminosity of protostars. In the cold accretion scenario, on the contrary, the majority of VeLLOs belong to the Class I phase of stellar evolution. The reason is that the stellar photospheric luminosity, which sets the floor for the total internal luminosity of a young star, is lower in cold accretion, thus enabling more VeLLOs in the protostellar stage. VeLLOs are relatively rare objects occupying 7%-11% of the total duration of the embedded phase and their masses do not exceed 0.3 M⊙. When compared with published observations inferring a fraction of VeLLOs in the
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Huard, Tracy L.; Pound, Marc W.; Mundy, Lee; Dunham, Michael
2018-01-01
Very Low Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs) are young stellar sources that are defined by luminosities less than 0.1 solar luminosity and rising mid-infrared spectral energy distributions. But, what exactly are they? Brown dwarfs or low-mass stars in formation? Systems exhibiting low accretion rates? Extremely young objects? We have completed an ALMA survey of 33 candidates in the nearby Serpens, Ophiuchus, and Lupus star-forming molecular clouds. Continuum emission at 1.3 mm, consistent with the presence of an inner envelope and/or disk, was detected toward 17 candidates, with at least 6 of these candidates exhibiting CO outflow emission, suggesting ongoing formation. We will present these observations and results, and discuss their implications concerning the nature of VeLLOs.
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Li, Yongquan; Huang, Shuangsheng; Zhang, Xiaosu; Huang, Tao; Li, Hongyu
2013-02-01
PilT is a hexameric ATPase required for type IV pili (Tfp) retraction in gram-negative bacterium. Retraction of Tfp mediates intimate attachment and motility on inorganic solid surfaces. We investigated the cloning and expression of pilT and pilU genes of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strains ATCC 23270, and the results indicate that PilT and PilU contain the canonical conserved AIRNLIRE and GMQTXXXXLXXL motifs that are the characteristic motifs of the PilT protein family; PilT and PilU also contain the canonical nucleotide-binding motifs, named with Walker A box (GxxGxGKT/S) and Walker B box (hhhhDE), respectively. The pilT and pilU genes were expressed to produce 37.1- and 42.0-kDa proteins, respectively, and co-transcribed induced by 10 % mineral powder. However, ATPase activity of PilT was distinctly higher than those of PilU. These results indicated that the PilT protein was the real molecular motor of Tfp, while PilU could play a key role in the assembly, modification, and twitching motility of Tfp in A. ferrooxidans. However, PilT and PilU were nonetheless interrelated in the forming and function of the molecular motor of Tfp.
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Speers, Allison M.; Schindler, Bryan D.; Hwang, Jihwan; Genc, Aycin; Reguera, Gemma
2016-01-01
The metal-reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens requires the expression of conductive pili to reduce iron oxides and to wire electroactive biofilms, but the role of pilus retraction in these functions has remained elusive. Here we show that of the four PilT proteins encoded in the genome of G. sulfurreducens, PilT3 powered pilus retraction in planktonic cells of a PilT-deficient strain of P. aeruginosa and restored the dense mutant biofilms to wild-type levels. Furthermore, PilT3 and PilT4 rescued the twitching motility defect of the PilT-deficient mutant. However, PilT4 was the only paralog whose inactivation in G. sulfurreducens lead to phenotypes associated with the hyperpiliation of non-retractile mutants such as enhanced adhesion and biofilm-forming abilities. In addition, PilT4 was required to reduce iron oxides. Taken together, the results indicate that PilT4 is the motor ATPase of G. sulfurreducens pili and reveal a previously unrecognized role for pilus retraction in extracellular electron transfer, a strategy that confers on Geobacter spp. an adaptive advantage for metal reduction in the natural environment. PMID:27799920
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Chakraborty, Subhra; Monfett, Michael; Maier, Tamara M.; Benach, Jorge L.; Frank, Dara W.; Thanassi, David G.
2008-01-01
Francisella tularensis, a highly virulent facultative intracellular bacterium, is the causative agent of tularemia. Genome sequencing of all F. tularensis subspecies revealed the presence of genes that could encode type IV pili (Tfp). The live vaccine strain (LVS) expresses surface fibers resembling Tfp, but it was not established whether these fibers were indeed Tfp encoded by the pil genes. We show here that deletion of the pilF putative Tfp assembly ATPase in the LVS resulted in a complete loss of surface fibers. Disruption of the pilT putative disassembly ATPase also caused a complete loss of pili, indicating that pilT functions differently in F. tularensis than in model Tfp systems such as those found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Neisseria spp. The LVS pilF and pilT mutants were attenuated for virulence in a mouse model of tularemia by the intradermal route. Furthermore, although absence of pili had no effect on the ability of the LVS to replicate intracellularly, the pilF and pilT mutants were defective for adherence to macrophages, pneumocytes, and hepatocytes. This work confirms that the surface fibers expressed by the LVS are encoded by the pil genes and provides evidence that the Francisella pili contribute to host cell adhesion and virulence. PMID:18426883
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Misic, Ana M.; Satyshur, Kenneth A.; Forest, Katrina T.
Type IV pili are bacterial extracellular filaments that can be retracted to create force and motility. Retraction is accomplished by the motor protein PilT. Crystal structures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PilT with and without bound {beta},{gamma}-methyleneadenosine-5{prime}-triphosphate have been solved at 2.6 {angstrom} and 3.1 {angstrom} resolution, respectively, revealing an interlocking hexamer formed by the action of a crystallographic 2-fold symmetry operator on three subunits in the asymmetric unit and held together by extensive ionic interactions. The roles of two invariant carboxylates, Asp Box motif Glu163 and Walker B motif Glu204, have been assigned to Mg{sup 2+} binding and catalysis, respectively. Themore » nucleotide ligands in each of the subunits in the asymmetric unit of the {beta},{gamma}-methyleneadenosine-5{prime}-triphosphate-bound PilT are not equally well ordered. Similarly, the three subunits in the asymmetric unit of both structures exhibit differing relative conformations of the two domains. The 12{sup o} and 20{sup o} domain rotations indicate motions that occur during the ATP-coupled mechanism of the disassembly of pili into membrane-localized pilin monomers. Integrating these observations, we propose a three-state 'Ready, Active, Release' model for the action of PilT.« less
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Shreeram, Devesh D; Panmanee, Warunya; McDaniel, Cameron T; Daniel, Susan; Schaefer, Dale W; Hassett, Daniel J
2018-02-01
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a metabolically voracious bacterium that is easily manipulated genetically. We have previously shown that the organism is also highly electrogenic in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Polarization studies were performed in MFCs with wild-type strain PAO1 and three mutant strains (pilT, bdlA and pilT bdlA). The pilT mutant was hyperpiliated, while the bdlA mutant was suppressed in biofilm dispersion chemotaxis. The double pilT bdlA mutant was expected to have properties of both mutations. Polarization data indicate that the pilT mutant showed 5.0- and 3.2-fold increases in peak power compared to the wild type and the pilT bdlA mutant, respectively. The performance of the bdlA mutant was surprisingly the lowest, while the pilT bdlA electrogenic performance fell between the pilT mutant and wild-type bacteria. Measurements of biofilm thickness and bacterial viability showed equal viability among the different strains. The thickness of the bdlA mutant, however, was twice that of wild-type strain PAO1. This observation implicates the presence of dead or dormant bacteria in the bdlA mutant MFCs, which increases biofilm internal resistance as confirmed by electrochemical measurements.
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Sexton, Jessica A.; Pinkner, Jerome S.; Roth, Robyn; Heuser, John E.; Hultgren, Scott J.; Vogel, Joseph P.
2004-01-01
The ability of Legionella pneumophila to grow and cause disease in the host is completely dependent on a type IV secretion system known as the Dot/Icm complex. This membrane-spanning apparatus translocates effector molecules into host cells in a process that is poorly understood but that is known to require the putative ATPase DotB. One possible role for DotB is suggested by its similarity to the PilT family of proteins, which mediate pilus retraction. To better understand the molecular behavior of DotB, we have purified the protein and shown that it forms stable homohexameric rings and hydrolyzes ATP with a specific activity of 6.4 nmol of ATP/min/mg of protein. ATPase activity is critical to the function of DotB, as alteration of the conserved Walker box lysine residue resulted in a mutant protein, DotB K162Q, which failed to bind or hydrolyze ATP and which could not complement a ΔdotB strain for intracellular growth in macrophages. Consistent with the ability of DotB to interact with itself, the dotBK162Q allele exhibited transdominance over wild-type dotB, providing the first example of such a mutation in L. pneumophila. Finally, the DotB K162Q mutant protein had a significantly enhanced membrane localization in L. pneumophila compared to wild-type DotB, suggesting a relationship between nucleotide binding and membrane association. These results are consistent with a model in which DotB cycles between the cytoplasm and the Dot/Icm complex at the membrane, where it hydrolyzes nucleotides to provide energy to the complex. PMID:14996796
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Hockenberry, Alyson M; Hutchens, Danielle M; Agellon, Al; So, Magdalene
2016-12-06
Retraction of the type IV pilus (Tfp) mediates DNA uptake, motility, and social and infection behavior in a wide variety of prokaryotes. To date, investigations into Tfp retraction-dependent activities have used a mutant deleted of PilT, the ATPase motor protein that causes the pilus fiber to retract. ΔpilT cells are nontransformable, nonmotile, and cannot aggregate into microcolonies. We tested the hypothesis that these retraction-dependent activities are sensitive to the strength of PilT enzymatic activity by using the pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae as a model. We constructed an N. gonorrhoeae mutant with an amino acid substitution in the PilT Walker B box (a substitution of cysteine for leucine at position 201, encoded by pilT L201C ). Purified PilT L201C forms a native hexamer, but mutant hexamers hydrolyze ATP at half the maximal rate. N. gonorrhoeae pilT L201C cells produce Tfp fibers, crawl at the same speed as the wild-type (wt) parent, and are equally transformable. However, the social behavior of pilT L201C cells is intermediate between the behaviors of wt and ΔpilT cells. The infection behavior of pilT L201C is also defective, due to its failure to activate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) pathway. Our study indicates that pilus retraction, per se, is not sufficient for N. gonorrhoeae microcolony formation or infectivity; rather, these activities are sensitive to the strength of PilT enzymatic activity. We discuss the implications of these findings for Neisseria pathogenesis in the context of mechanobiology. Type IV pili are fibers expressed on the surface of many bacteria. Neisseria gonorrhoeae cells crawl, take up DNA, and communicate with each other and with human cells by retracting these fibers. Here, we show that an N. gonorrhoeae mutant expressing an enzymatically weakened type IV pilus retraction motor still crawls and takes up DNA normally. However, mutant cells exhibit abnormal
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Mass Accretion Rate of Very Low Luminosity Objects
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Sung, Ren-Shiang; Lai, Shih-Ping; Hsieh, Tien-Hao
2013-08-01
We propose to measure the mass accretion rate of six Very Low Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs) using Near-infrared Integral Spectrometer (NIFS). The extremely low luminosity of VeLLOs, L_int ≤ 0.1 L_⊙, was previously thought not existing in the nature because the typical accretion rate gives much larger accretion luminosity even for the lowest mass star (``Luminosity Problem''). The commonly accepted solution is that the accretion rate is not constant but episodic. Thus, VeLLOs could be interpreted as protostars being in the quiescent phase of accretion activities. However, there is no observational data directly measuring the mass accretion rate of VeLLOs. The main goal of this proposal is to examine such theory and directly measure the mass accretion rate of VeLLOs for the first time. We propose to measure the blue continuum excess (veiling) of the stellar spectrum, which is the most reliable method for measuring the accretion rate. The measurements have to be made in infrared due to the very high extinction for highly embedded protostars. Our proposal provide a first opportunity to explain the long time ``Luminosity Problem'' through the observational aspects, and Gemini is the only instrument that can provide accurate and high sensitivity infrared spectroscopy measurements within reasonably short time scale.
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Shaping Strategic Defense: The Air Force Nuclear Mission
2009-01-01
Strike Command. Washington DC: Department of the Air Force. Kall , Rob. June 20, 2008. “Pentagon: Over 1000 Nuclear Weapons Parts Missing?” http...www.huffingtonpost.com/rob- kall /pentagon-over-1000-nuclea_b_108225.html (accessed December 16, 2008). Rolfsen, B. November 6, 2007. http...16, 2008). 6 Schlesinger. 7 Kall , Rob. June 20, 2008. “Pentagon: Over 1000 Nuclear Weapons Parts Missing?” http://www.huffingtonpost.com/rob- kall
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The Tactical Center of Gravity: How Useful is the Concept?
1990-01-06
through the Huertgen Forest, across the Kall River, capture the town of Kommerscheidt, and then capture Schmidt. The regiment also was required to protect...south through the woods, cross country to the Kall River, to take Kommerscheidt. The 3rd Battalion was to follow the 1st Battalion and take Schmidt on...desperate struggle. The lead battalions were destroyed piecemeal by the Germans in Kommerscheidt and Schmidt and along the Kall Trail. Poor
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Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopic Measurements of Boron Fluorides.
1980-08-01
F49620-77-C-0075 Gozewski, S. Kallelis , J.C. Wormhoudt, L.M. Pete rson* I PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT...S.Aernstein. Joel A.Ailverl Wite d- Brown onrad 1. Gozewski, Spiros Kallelis , Joda C. Wormhoudt / t "and Lauren M. Peterson* Center for Chemical and...Joel A. Silver, Mark S. Zahniser, Charles E. Kolb, Robert G. Brown, Conrad M. Gozewski, Spiros Kallelis , and Joda C. WormhoudtI I ABSTRACT A high
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1988-03-10
comoat sunort Droblems put the 3d Battalion in a Drecarious Dosition On 4 November. First, the Kall River trail, the major route from the division to...was to maintain one- way traffic through to the Kall River bridge while Company A did the same from the bridge to Schmidt. C Company, in reserve...supply weasels from the 3d Battalion crossed the Kall . (52) Meanwhile, in Schmidt the 3d Battalion prepared to defend. * The battalion had no combined arms
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Cowles, Kimberly N; Gitai, Zemer
2010-06-01
Spatial organization of bacterial proteins influences many cellular processes, including division, chromosome segregation and motility. Virulence-associated proteins also localize to specific destinations within bacterial cells. However, the functions and mechanisms of virulence factor localization remain largely unknown. In this work, we demonstrate that polar assembly of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 type IV pilus is regulated by surface association in a manner that affects gene transcription, protein levels and protein localization. We also uncover one mechanism for this regulation that acts through the actin homologue MreB. Inactivation of MreB leads to mislocalization of the pilus retraction ATPase PilT, mislocalization of the pili themselves and a reduction in motility. Furthermore, the role of MreB in polar localization of PilT is modulated by surface association, corroborating our results that environmental factors influence the regulation of pilus production. Specifically, MreB mediates both the initiation and maintenance of PilT localization when cells are grown in suspension but only affects the initiation of localization when cells are grown on a surface. Together, these results suggest that the bacterial cytoskeleton provides a mechanism for the polar localization of P. aeruginosa pili and demonstrate that protein localization may represent an important aspect of virulence factor regulation in bacterial pathogens.
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Engineered Resilient Systems: Knowledge Capture and Transfer
2014-08-29
development, but the work has not progressed significantly. 71 Peter Kall and Stein W. Wallace, Stochastic Programming, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1994...John Wiley and Sons: Hoboken, 2008. Peter Kall and Stein W. Wallace, Stochastic Programming, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1994. Rhodes, D.H., Lamb
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Investigation into the Distribution of Ballast Water Tracers in Coastal Waters
2009-11-01
terrestrial and marine vegetation ( Kalle , 1966; Sieberth, 1969; Stabenau et al., 2004), microbial productivity in the water column (Nelson et al...London. Kalle , K., 1966. The problem of the Gelbstoffe in the sea. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Review, 4: 91-104. Lackowicz, J., 1999. Principles of
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Using Generalized Annotated Programs to Solve Social Network Diffusion Optimization Problems
2013-01-01
as follows: —Let kall be the k value for the SNDOP-ALL query and for each SNDOP query i, let ki be the k for that query. For each query i, set ki... kall − 1. —Number each element of vi ∈ V such that gI(vi) and V C(vi) are true. For the ith SNDOP query, let vi be the corresponding element of V —Let...vertices of S. PROOF. We set up |V | SNDOP-queries as follows: —Let kall be the k value for the SNDOP-ALL query and and for each SNDOP-query i, let ki be
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2008-01-01
North Sea region CDOM has been shown to behave quasi conservatively and be a useful tracer of water mass mixing ( Kalle 1949; Højerslev 1988...Project started in 2005 and ended in 2007, with a budget of 1.4 million DKK (approx. US$230,000). REFERENCES Kalle K. 1949. Fluoreszenz und
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Towards DNA-Based Programmable Matter
2012-02-28
optics. Nature 2003, 424, 824–830. (2) Xu, H. X.; Bjerneld, E. J.; Kall , M.; Borjesson, L. Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface...Brenner, M. P.; Manoharan, V. N. The Free-energy Landscape of Clusters of Attractive Hard Spheres. Science 2010, 327, 560–563. (35) Xu, H. X.; Kall , M
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Reduced-Order Observer Model for Antiaircraft Artillery (AAA) Tracker Response
1979-08-01
a22 -ka1 2) z + (a22 - ka1 2) ky + (a21 - kall ) y + (b2 - kb) uc (10) Next, the actual output of this model is expressed as the sum of the output u...a22x2 + b2u + f2eT = (a2 2 - kal2) z + (a2 2 - ka12) ky + (a21 - kall ) y + (b2 - kb l ) uc u=u +vC [Ti Y2] [y] By introducing new variables: X3 = x2...x3 [(a22- ka2)k + (a2- kall ) - (b2- kb) (YI + kY2) Y + [a22 - ka12 - (b2 - kbl) Y2] X3 + (b2 -kbl) y2 e + (2 - kbI) v + (f2 - kfl) 0 T e = (a22- ka12
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Analysis of Fleet Reports of Bioluminescence in the Indian Ocean
1981-12-14
Kalle [ 20,21], who theorized that they were caused by seismic disturbances. According to his theory, such disturbances would produce wheels in...Whether this phenomenon is the same as that described by Kalle is uncertain. The description of the phosphorescent wheel, however, was truly classic. The...Luciferin in Some Shallow-Water FisheF Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 40A:163-179, 1971 . 14. P. J. Herring, "Observations of Bioluminescence at Sea," Mar. Obs. 46
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Second Analysis of Fleet Reports of Bioluminescence in the Indian Ocean.
1983-12-15
9. K . Kalle , "Die ritselhafte und unheimliche Naturerscheinung des ’explodierenden’ und des ’rotierenden’ Meeresleuchtens-eine Folge lokaler Seebeben...34 Deutsche Hydrog. Zets. 13, 49-77 (1960). 10. K . Kalle , "Wheels of Light," Sea Frontiers 15(2), 116-122 (1969). f a ** . . . . . . . ~ ... - VI. ISM ...Special \\roti ’ I , ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ %WT- 2.7%,: 7% l. * , ,- .. I.’ - 1 . ’%- , . • ’- 17-* -’ k - - ’. -’ SECOND ANALYSIS OF FLEET REPORTS OF
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1992-01-01
Meteortpl.. 24. 193-205. 1985. Bricaud. . . Morel, and L. Prieur. Absorption by dissolved Kalle . K .. What do we know about the ’Glso’. nor.10...Oceanogr.. 26. 43-53. 1991. Kalle . K .. The problem of Gelbstoff in the sea. Oceanogr. Mar. Bricaud..5A. Morel, and L. Prieur. Optical efficiency factors of...with report. Carder, K . L, S. K . Hawes, K . A. Baker, R. C. Smith, R. G. Steward, B. G. Mitchell. 1991. Reflectance model for quantifying chlorophyll a
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Management of postintubation tracheal stenosis: appropriate indications make outcome differences.
Melkane, Antoine E; Matar, Nayla E; Haddad, Amine C; Nassar, Michel N; Almoutran, Homère G; Rohayem, Ziad; Daher, Mohammad; Chalouhy, Georges; Dabar, George
2010-01-01
Laryngotracheal stenosis is difficult to treat and its etiologies are multiple; nowadays, the most common ones are postintubation or posttracheostomy stenoses. To provide an algorithm for the management of postintubation laryngotracheal stenoses (PILTS) based on the experience of a tertiary care referral center. A retrospective study was conducted on all patients treated for PILTS over a 10-year period. Patients were divided into a surgically and an endoscopically treated group according to predefined criteria. The characteristics of the two groups were analyzed and the outcomes compared. Thirty-three consecutive patients were included in the study: 14 in the surgically treated group and 19 in the endoscopically treated group. Our candidates for airway surgery were healthy patients presenting with complex tracheal stenoses, subglottic involvement or associated tracheomalacia. The endoscopic candidates were chronically ill patients presenting with simple, strictly tracheal stenoses not exceeding 4 cm in length. Stents were placed if the stenosis was associated with tracheomalacia or exceeded 2 cm in total length. In the surgically treated group, 2/14 patients needed more than one procedure versus 8/19 patients in the endoscopically treated group. At the end of the intervention, 50% of the patients were decannulated in the surgically treated group versus 84.2% in the endoscopically treated group (p = 0.03). However, the decannulation rates at 6 months and the symptomatology at rest and on exertion on the last follow-up visit were comparable in the two groups. Our experience in the management of PILTS demonstrates that both surgery and endoscopy yield excellent functional outcomes if the treatment strategy is based on clear, predefined objective criteria. Copyright 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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Why Do Some Cores Remain Starless?
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Anathpindika, S.
2016-08-01
Prestellar cores, by definition, are gravitationally bound but starless pockets of dense gas. Physical conditions that could render a core starless (in the local Universe) is the subject of investigation in this work. To this end, we studied the evolution of four starless cores, B68, L694-2, L1517B, L1689, and L1521F, a VeLLO. We demonstrate: (i) cores contracted in quasistatic manner over a timescale on the order of ~ 105 yr. Those that remained starless briefly acquired a centrally concentrated density configuration that mimicked the profile of a unstable BonnorEbert sphere before rebounding, (ii) three cores viz. L694-2, L1689-SMM16, and L1521F remained starless despite becoming thermally super-critical. By contrast, B68 and L1517B remained sub-critical; L1521F collapsed to become a VeLLO only when gas-cooling was enhanced by increasing the size of dust-grains. This result is robust, for other starless cores viz. B68, L694-2, L1517B, and L1689 could also be similarly induced to collapse. The temperature-profile of starless cores and those that collapsed was found to be radically different. While in the former type, only very close to the centre of a core was there any evidence of decline in gas temperature, by contrast, a core of the latter type developed a more uniformly cold interior. Our principle conclusions are: (a) thermal super-criticality of a core is insufficient to ensure it will become protostellar, (b) potential star-forming cores (the VeLLO L1521F here), could be experiencing dust-coagulation that must enhance gasdust coupling and in turn lower gas temperature, thereby assisting collapse. This also suggests, mere gravitational/virial boundedness of a core is insufficient to ensure it will form stars.
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Potential of Remote Sensing in the Corps of Engineers Dredging Program.
1985-11-01
remotely sensed sultispectral data. Earth Resources Survey Symposium June 9-12, Houston. Texas. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, pp. 2087-2098. Kalle , K ...a" -- , :0 0 4 n - 0 00 0 A 14. U ,U a4 t4 f"’ 4- t4- -- cf 0 0-4 z so a 0 . 4," . +" ’," - AC8" N N- ,, . -o - o 0 0 - 4.4 o o 0’, K . 0...signal. Several studies have shown that many substances can be identified by their optical properties. Using cruise data, Kalle (1966) was one of the
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Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: FY2007 Appropriations
2007-03-07
reported bill for FY2007, from the FY2006 level, were the following: ! $-209.5 million (9%) for the National Park Service (NPS); ! $-153.5 million (10%) for...Humphries RSI 7-7264 mhumphries@crs.loc.gov National Park Service David Whiteman RSI 7-7786 dwhiteman@crs.loc.gov Payments in Lieu of Taxes Program (PILT) M...11 National Wildlife Refuge System and Law Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . 12 Avian Flu
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Urinary coagulation-fibrinolysis, kallirein-kinin systems and kininase in cases of preclampsia.
Mutoh, S; Kobayashi, M; Hirata, J; Itoh, N; Maki, M; Komatsu, Y; Yoshida, A; Sasa, H; Kuroda, K; Kikuchi, Y
1992-01-01
Urinary kallikrein and kallikrein activity significantly decreased in cases of preeclampsia (u-kall./CRE.index 42.39 +/- 9.66 ng/mg, u-kall. act./CRE.index 0.26 +/- 0.06 ng/min/mg), and urinary kininase II and kininase activity significantly increased (u-kininase/CRE.index 10.91 +/- 1.26 x 10(-3) IU/min/mg, u-kininase act./CRE.index 506.37 +/- 178.45 pg/min/mg) when compared with those of normal gravidas from 28 weeks to 42 weeks of gestation (u-kall./CRE.index 189.31 +/- 14.17 ng/mg, u-kall. act./CRE index 1.08 +/- 0.10 ng/min/mg, u-kininase/CRE.index 6.24 +/- 0.31 x 10(-3) IU/min/mg, u-kininase act./CRE.index 15.64 +/- 0.10 pg/min/mg). Urinary FPA, B beta 5-42, alpha 2-PI, and alpha 2PI-plasmin-complex (PIC) significantly increased in preeclampsia (u-FPA/CRE.index 23.59 +/- 8.47 ng/mg, u-B beta/CRE.index 105.26 +/- 29.30 ng/mg, u-alpha 2PI/CRE.index 121.53 +/- 43.57 ng/mg, u-PIC/CRE index 278.39 +/- 60.50 ng/mg) when compared with those of normal control group (u-FPA/CRE.index 0.92 +/- 0.04 ng/mg, u-B beta/CRE.index 12.15 +/- 0.44 ng/mg, u-alpha 2PI/CRE.index 4.18 +/- 0.33 ng/mg, u-PIC/CRE.index 5.98 +/- 1.15 ng/mg). Urinary urokinase markedly increased and urinary D-dimer was detected in severe cases of preeclampsia (u-UK/CRE.index 58.20 +/- 43.69 ng/mg, u-D-dimer 54.76 +/- 9.89 ng/ml) when compared with those of normal control group. These findings suggest that deficiency in urinary kinin excretion may induce hypertension in addition to the changes of urinary coagulation-fibrinolysis system that represents the occurrence of either the endothelial cell injury in the glomerulus or the renal tulbular damage in mild cases of preeclampsia, eventually resulting in the intra-renal vascular coagulation.
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Examination of Cement Pastes Hydrated Phases, and Synthetic Products by X-Ray Diffraction
1972-04-01
International Union o, Crystallography Commission on Crystallo- graphic Data, Powder Data, Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol 4, pp 81-86, 1971 . 21...Papes, Research Series 1, Building Research Station, 1962. 25. l,, Dosch, Rbntgen-Ceinstrukturuntersuchu , luftemp’indlicher pulverprlparate, Zement- Kall
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2011-05-19
only a narrow supply line that passed along a narrow one-lane path called the Kall Trail.13 The Germans mounted fierce counter-attacks well supported...Bradley. New York: Ballantine Books, 1971 . ________. West Wall: The Battle For Hitler’s Siegfried Line. Conshohocken, PA.: Da Capo Press, 2000
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A Critical Comparison of Some Methods for Interpolation of Scattered Data
1979-12-01
because faster evaluation of the local interpolants is possible. KAll things considered, the method of choice here seems to be the Modified Quadratic...topography and other irregular surfaces," J. of Geophysical Research 76 ( 1971 ) 1905-1915I’ [23) HARDY, Rolland L. - "Analytical topographic surfaces by
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Conducting Studies of Transfer of Learning: A Practical Guide
1982-01-01
X) = percent transfer (If learning C where: Kall aicrage of grades assigned to experimental :.ttmdents for p~erformlanlce in the aircraft. an average...effectiveness. Human Factors. 1971 . 13(6). 561-567. Roscoe, S.N. A little more on incremental transfer effectiveness. Human Factors. 1972, 14(4), 363-364
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Sublinear Upper Bounds for Stochastic Programs with Recourse. Revision.
1987-06-01
approximation procedures for (1.1) generally rely on discretizations of E (Huang, Ziemba , and Ben-Tal (1977), Kall and Stoyan (1982), Birge and Wets...Wright, Practical optimization (Academic Press, London and New York,1981). C.C. Huang, W. Ziemba , and A. Ben-Tal, "Bounds on the expectation of a con
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1988-01-06
the bottom % kall followin,, the interaction. At 6Wuh = 0.35 the shock train would not stay attached to a single wall long enough for the surface...Interaction of a Shock Wave with a Laminar Boundary Layer," Lecture Notes in Physics, Vol. 8, Springer-Verlag, 1971 , pp. 151-163. 51 MacCormack, R. W
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The Transient Excitation and Oscillation Testing Technique Applied to a Captive Model.
1981-06-01
8217Kall io I 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT, TASK David W. Tayl.or Naval Ship Research and -OW UNIT NUMBERS...corrective tare terms (C’. 11 C35’ C 53 and C 55) used in calculating the nondimensional oscillat ion coff ticient s. Figures 7--14 contain comparisons of
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1981-03-01
OO3 b’ As.nciates for Rusearch in Behavior, 1971 -- 1978. O -3- TABLE 1-1. PRIOR SERVICE SUBSAINPLE SIZES PRIOF SERVICE AMEFS =NAMES# SUBSAYPLE...BLK.266 ST.36 SRVC, kALL DATE TIME INTERV RESULT GCNZALEZNELSOh ANINIC, I- r 111-17 167 ST 2 JAMAICA NV 11433 2 / __ 0 3 4 NA BY CB c B -I
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1985-12-20
Kalles . 1976. Evaporation rates of methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachoroethylene, and other chlorinated...State University (1969) M.S., Geology, University of Washington ( 1971 ) . . Ph.D., University of Washington (1979) " EXPERIENCE 1984 to Date Senior...ducted environmental assessments for Pacific Northwest construc- tion projects. L- 1971 Project Geologist, SEREM of Alaska (BRGM-France). Responsibil
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Coherent Plasmon-Exciton Coupling in Silver Platelet-J-aggregate Nanocomposites
2015-02-27
2011, 11, 1556−1560. (12) Zengin, G.; Johansson, G.; Johansson, P.; Antosiewics, T. J.; Kall , M.; Shegai, T. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3 (3074), 1−8. (13...Mater. 2005, 17, 412−415. (21) Davydov, A. S. Theory of Molecular Excitons; Plenum Press: New York, 1971 . (22) Van Burgel, M.; Wiersma, D. A.; Duppen, K
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Forecast of Future Ohio River Basin, Waterway Traffic Based on Shippers Surveys.
1979-09-01
pattern. Analytic Tool: SPSS KAll of the editing, generation of tables, graphing, and other com- putational activities were carried out through the use...00O’s) 1976-1g90 Group 1971 1990 (%) 1976 190 (9) Coal & Coke 0 0 0 1,617 3,231 +100 Petroleum Fuels 705 779 +10 509 509 +0 Aggregates 0 0 0 450 688
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Inventory of Archaeological and Historical Resources Lava Flow Control Study, Hilo, Hawaii,
1979-05-01
amale- p 11111 S.PIaN. Sitea card; hial. 1971 :2 aa. INVENTRh Y OF AIIAj4AOLGICAL AND HISIORICAL ESItIMCES Sit umber Site Dedption e Period Coed...liaison. 1932:294 SO-a-Al-ST Kalled , paved 4 PPI.Site Card; NHudson, 1932:29S.2W6 terraced platorm bo-Li-AI. 55$ Legendary crevite, Esrsaa% 1903:Is
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1981-08-01
00 .1 00 -0 71: 3.1%2 7.460 . 30 1.0 0 .950 AS .1491 .? 0o -T 00 .8 72: G3: 70; ARTY KALLS FATORS B0 050BR CAS T ERO 7?211 .000 1.70 .000 I.000 .1500...Administrative and Logistic Support (FASTALS), Documentation, Research Analysis Corporation, RAC-R-86, dated May 1971 . F. Army Automation, Documentation Standards
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STAMMER2 Production System for Tactical Situation Assessment. Volume 2. Code.
1979-10-01
1961 (WITHINR * [NLAMBDA L (*NOBIND ൖ-Nov-78 19:25") (NCONC WITHINRFNS L) (MAKEFILE (QUOTE WITHINR.LSP]) [ 1971 (CROSSPATHS [LAMBDA (Si S2 TI T2)V...176 46. 1 I 1 FKACS 47. 1 I FKSYM (221 48. 1 FKIDPB 49. I M KALL (9) 50. 1 DSPTTY FKCALL (9) 51. I 1 FKJSYS (3) 52. 1 1 1 DSPTTYSTR DECSAMEDIGITS {bl
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Magnetic field structure around cores with very low luminosity objects
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Soam, A.; Maheswar, G.; Lee, Chang Won; Dib, Sami; Bhatt, H. C.; Tamura, Motohide; Kim, Gwanjeong
2015-01-01
Aims: We carried out optical polarimetry of five dense cores, (IRAM 04191, L1521F, L328, L673-7, and L1014) which are found to harbour very low luminosity objects (VeLLOs; Lint ≲ 0.1 L⊙). This study was conducted mainly to understand the role played by the magnetic field in the formation of very low and substellar mass range objects. Methods: Light from the stars, while passing through the dust grains that are aligned with their short axis parallel to an external magnetic field, becomes linearly polarised. The polarisation position angles measured for the stars can provide the plane-of-the sky magnetic field orientation. Because the light in the optical wavelength range is most efficiently polarised by the dust grains typically found at the outer layers of the molecular clouds, optical polarimetry mostly traces the magnetic field orientation of the core envelope. Results: The polarisation observations of stars projected on IRAM 04191, L328, L673-7, and L1014 were obtained in the R-band and those of L1521F were obtained in the V-band. The angular offsets between the envelope magnetic field direction (inferred from optical polarisation measurements) and the outflow position angles from the VeLLOs in IRAM 04191, L1521F, L328, L673-7, and L1014 are found to be 84°, 53°, 24°, 08°, and 15°, respectively. The mean value of the offsets for all the five clouds is ~ 37°. If we exclude IRAM 04191, the mean value reduces to become ~ 25°. In IRAM 04191, the offset between the projected envelope and the inner magnetic field (inferred from the submillimetre data obtained using SCUBA-POL) is found to be ~ 68°. The inner magnetic field, however, is found to be nearly aligned with the projected position angles of the minor axis, the rotation axis of the cloud, and the outflow from the IRAM 04191-IRS. We discuss a possible explanation for the nearly perpendicular orientation between the envelope and core scale magnetic fields in IRAM 04191. The angular offset between the
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Weber, K L; Drake, D J; Taylor, J F; Garrick, D J; Kuehn, L A; Thallman, R M; Schnabel, R D; Snelling, W M; Pollak, E J; Van Eenennaam, A L
2012-12-01
Several organizations have developed prediction models for molecular breeding values (MBV) for quantitative growth and carcass traits in beef cattle using Bovine SNP50 genotypes and phenotypic or EBV data. Molecular breeding values for Angus cattle have been developed by IGENITY, Pfizer Animal Genetics, and a collaboration between researchers from Iowa State University and the University of Missouri-Columbia (ISU/UMC). The U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC; Clay Center, NE) has also developed MBV for 16 cattle breeds using 2 multibreed populations, the Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program and the 2,000 Bull Project (2K(ALL)), and 2 single breed subpopulations of the 2,000 Bull Project, Angus (2K(AN)) and Hereford (2K(HH)). In this study, these MBV were assessed relative to commercial ranch EBV estimated from the progeny phenotypes of Angus bulls naturally mated in multisire breeding pastures to commercial cows: 121 for USMARC MBV, 99 for ISU/UMC MBV, and 29 for IGENITY and Pfizer MBV (selected based on number of progeny carcass records). Five traits were analyzed: weaning weight (WW), HCW, marbling score (MS), rib-eye muscle area (RE), and, for IGENITY and Pfizer only, feedlot ADG. The average accuracies of MBV across traits were 0.38 ± 0.05 for IGENITY, 0.61 ± 0.12 for Pfizer, 0.46 ± 0.12 for ISU/UMC, 0.16 ± 0.04 for GPE, 0.26 ± 0.05 for 2K(ALL), 0.24 ± 0.04 for 2K(AN), and 0.02 ± 0.12 for 2K(HH). Angus-based MBV (IGENITY, Pfizer, ISU/UMC, and 2K(AN)) explained larger proportions of genetic variance in this population than GPE, 2K(ALL), or 2K(HH) MBV for the same traits. In this data set, IGENITY, Pfizer, and ISU/UMC MBV were predictive of realized performance of progeny, and incorporation of that information into national genetic evaluations would be expected to improve EPD accuracy, particularly for young animals.
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X-ray Crystal Structures of the Type IVb Secretion System DotB ATPases.
Prevost, Marie S; Waksman, Gabriel
2018-05-17
Human infections by the intracellular bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila result in a severe form of pneumonia, the Legionnaire's disease. L. pneumophila utilises a type IVb secretion (T4bS) system termed "dot/icm" to secrete protein effectors to the host cytoplasm. The dot/icm system is powered at least in part by a functionally critical AAA+ ATPase, a protein called DotB, thought to belong to the VirB11 family of proteins. Here we present the crystal structure of DotB at 3.19 Å resolution, in its hexameric form. We observe that DotB is in fact a structural intermediate between VirB11 and PilT family proteins, with a PAS-like N-terminal domain coupled to a RecA-like C-terminal domain. It also shares critical structural elements only found in PilT. The structure also reveals two conformers, termed α and β, with an αβαβαβ configuration. The existence of α and β conformers in this class of proteins was confirmed by solving the structure of DotB from another bacterial pathogen, Yersinia, where, intriguingly, we observed an ααβααβ configuration. The two conformers co-exist regardless of the nucleotide-bound states of the proteins. Our investigation therefore reveals that these ATPases can adopt a wider range of conformational states than was known before, shedding new light on the extraordinary spectrum of conformations these ATPases can access to carry out their function. Overall, the structure of DotB provides a template for further rational drug-design to develop more specific antibiotics to tackle Legionnaire's disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. © 2018 The Protein Society.
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
McCallum, Matthew; Tammam, Stephanie; Little, Dustin J.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that expresses type IVa pili. The pilus assembly system, which promotes surface-associated twitching motility and virulence, is composed of inner and outer membrane subcomplexes, connected by an alignment subcomplex composed of PilMNOP. PilM binds to the N terminus of PilN, and we hypothesize that this interaction causes functionally significant structural changes in PilM. To characterize this interaction, we determined the crystal structures of PilM and a PilM chimera where PilM was fused to the first 12 residues of PilN (PilM·PilN(1–12)). Structural analysis, multiangle light scattering coupled with size exclusion chromatography, and bacterial two-hybridmore » data revealed that PilM forms dimers mediated by the binding of a novel conserved motif in the N terminus of PilM, and binding PilN abrogates this binding interface, resulting in PilM monomerization. Structural comparison of PilM with PilM·PilN(1–12) revealed that upon PilN binding, there is a large domain closure in PilM that alters its ATP binding site. Using biolayer interferometry, we found that the association rate of PilN with PilM is higher in the presence of ATP compared with ADP. Bacterial two-hybrid data suggested the connectivity of the cytoplasmic and inner membrane components of the type IVa pilus machinery in P. aeruginosa, with PilM binding to PilB, PilT, and PilC in addition to PilN. Pull-down experiments demonstrated direct interactions of PilM with PilB and PilT. As a result, we propose a working model in which dynamic binding of PilN facilitates functionally relevant structural changes in PilM.« less
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McCallum, Matthew; Tammam, Stephanie; Little, Dustin J.; ...
2016-03-28
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that expresses type IVa pili. The pilus assembly system, which promotes surface-associated twitching motility and virulence, is composed of inner and outer membrane subcomplexes, connected by an alignment subcomplex composed of PilMNOP. PilM binds to the N terminus of PilN, and we hypothesize that this interaction causes functionally significant structural changes in PilM. To characterize this interaction, we determined the crystal structures of PilM and a PilM chimera where PilM was fused to the first 12 residues of PilN (PilM·PilN(1–12)). Structural analysis, multiangle light scattering coupled with size exclusion chromatography, and bacterial two-hybridmore » data revealed that PilM forms dimers mediated by the binding of a novel conserved motif in the N terminus of PilM, and binding PilN abrogates this binding interface, resulting in PilM monomerization. Structural comparison of PilM with PilM·PilN(1–12) revealed that upon PilN binding, there is a large domain closure in PilM that alters its ATP binding site. Using biolayer interferometry, we found that the association rate of PilN with PilM is higher in the presence of ATP compared with ADP. Bacterial two-hybrid data suggested the connectivity of the cytoplasmic and inner membrane components of the type IVa pilus machinery in P. aeruginosa, with PilM binding to PilB, PilT, and PilC in addition to PilN. Pull-down experiments demonstrated direct interactions of PilM with PilB and PilT. As a result, we propose a working model in which dynamic binding of PilN facilitates functionally relevant structural changes in PilM.« less
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Hsieh, Tien-Hao; Lai, Shih-Ping; Belloche, Arnaud
2016-07-20
The formation mechanism of brown dwarfs (BDs) is one of the long-standing problems in star formation because the typical Jeans mass in molecular clouds is too large to form these substellar objects. To answer this question, it is crucial to study a BD in the embedded phase. IRAS 16253–2429 is classified as a very low-luminosity object (VeLLO) with an internal luminosity of <0.1 L {sub ⊙}. VeLLOs are believed to be very low-mass protostars or even proto-BDs. We observed the jet/outflow driven by IRAS 16253–2429 in CO (2–1), (6–5), and (7–6) using the IRAM 30 m and Atacama Pathfinder Experimentmore » telescopes and the Submillimeter Array (SMA) in order to study its dynamical features and physical properties. Our SMA map reveals two protostellar jets, indicating the existence of a proto-binary system as implied by the precessing jet detected in H{sub 2} emission. We detect a wiggling pattern in the position–velocity diagrams along the jet axes, which is likely due to the binary orbital motion. Based on this information, we derive the current mass of the binary as ∼0.032 M{sub ⊙}. Given the low envelope mass, IRAS 16253–2429 will form a binary that probably consist of one or two BDs. Furthermore, we found that the outflow force as well as the mass accretion rate are very low based on the multi-transition CO observations, which suggests that the final masses of the binary components are at the stellar/substellar boundary. Since IRAS 16253 is located in an isolated environment, we suggest that BDs can form through fragmentation and collapse, similar to low-mass stars.« less
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Propagation of Sound Through the Atmosphere: Effects of Ground Cover
1978-06-19
Over Simulated Ground Cover", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 49, 1069-1075 ( 1971 ). 8 J. . . Piercy, T. F. W. Embleton, and L. C. Sutherland, "A Review of Noise...FlPST., AM KALL C AND SUBMOUTINL NAIAE *’t.ATfl"v hISTTAD 0t "COPPIS?". C PANG4N IS Ali tUIT 01* IAANG4Kp [XCLUSVIfo UT NTt.14VENINC, Fj)ITSq C RANG
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Archaeological Investigations at Site 45-OK-11, Chief Joseph Dam Project, Washington.
1984-01-01
Russian thistle (_Iol]L kALL ), and thistle ( r_ _ium spp.) among others. Scattered sagebrush and rabbitbrush . (Chrysothamnus nauseosus), and a dense...described in detail selectively. All artifact analyses take the form of paradigmatic classifications as defined by Dunnell ( 1971 , 1979). In this system...with certain methods of production and particular steps in the reductive sequence (e.g., Crabtree 1972, 1976a,b; Flenniken and Garrison 1975; Muto 1971
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Chance Constrained Programming Methods in Probabilistic Programming.
1982-03-01
Financial and Quantitative Analysis 2, 1967. Also reproduced in R. F. Byrne et. al., eds.5tudies in Budgeting (Amsterdam: North Holland, 1971 ). [3...Rules for the E-Model of Chance-Constrained Programming," Management Science, 17, 1971 . [23] Garstka, S. J. "The Economic Equivalence of Several...Iowa City: The University of Iowa College of Business Administration, 1981). -3- (29] Kall , P. and A. Prekopa, eds, Recent Results in Stochastic
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Cardiorespiratory Changes During Microwave-Induced Lethal Heat Stress and Beta-adrenergic Blockade
1994-01-01
J. A. Taylor, J. K . Kalls , J. Nit- verse these responses. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 10- 506-516, 1988. tolo, R. W. Hicks, T. G. Lohmnan, and J. H...propanolol groups were significantly lower than in saline controls. Respiratory rate was significantly elevated during most of the exposure period in...lar and respiratory changes) during lethal exposures. Al- propranolol groups were significantly lower than in saline con- though the pathophysiology
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Remotely Piloted Vehicles Design Option Decision Trees
1975-06-01
of Lrade-off options available before inception of hardware design (Askren and Korkan, 1971 ; Askren, Korkan, and Watts, 1973). The purpose of the study...bouso~ENGIN LAVEIVESi SLIPSTRCA LAS? SOURCE HIGH LIFT DEVICE$ FLAPS SIGESO GRACES~~~ -AULILESOrCTER kALL T RCD TEMPERATUR EQUIPNENT COS,.UV...Method for Relating Human Resources Data to Design Parameters, AFHRL-TR-71-52, December 1971 . Barnes, B.P., Baker, L.A., and McIntosh, B.E., The
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Development and Evaluation of a Casualty Evacuation Model for a European Conflict.
1987-08-18
W Applications and Computations," lIE Transactions, 16, 2, 127-134 "- ( 1984 ).-,’’ ,., 3. Ali, A. I., Helgason, R. V., Kennington, J. L., and kall ...Part II," Mathematical Programming, 1, 6-25 ( 1971 ). 38. Held, M., Wolfe, P., and Crowder, H., "Validation of Subgradient Optimization", Mathematical...California, Los Angeles, CA, ( 1971 ). Si 66. Swoveland, C., "A Two-Stage Decomposition Algorithm for a Generalized Muticommodity Flow Problem," INFOR
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Man-Machine Interface (MMI) Requirements Definition and Design Guidelines
1981-02-01
be provided to interrogate the user to resolve any input ambiguities resulting from hardware limitations; see Smith and Goodwin, 1971 . Reference...Smith, S. L. and Goodwin, N. C’. Alphabetic data v entry via the Touch-Tone pad: A comment. Human Factors, 1971 , 13(2), 189-190. 41 All~ 1.0 General (con...software designer. Reference: Miller, R. B. Response time in man-computer conversational transactions. In Proceedings of the AFIPS kall Joint Computer
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1982-09-01
MARK A. WEISSBEGU KALLE R. XONTSON Project Msnaqer, IUTRZ Assistant Director Contractor Operations Approved by CRARLES L. FLYNN, 001, us A. M. MESSE...34 BSTJ, 1946. 2-4priis, H.T., "Introduction to Radio and Antennas," IEEE Spectrum, April, 1971 . RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION: A HANDBOOK OF PRACTICAL...Propagation Tests, TR-0177-71.01, Gautney & Jones Communications, Inc., Falls Church, VA, June 1971 . 3 -7 Comparison of Predicted VLF/LF Signal
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2006-06-01
Rangel, R.; Sun, Y.; Zaoui, K.; Schmidt, M.; Kalle, C. v.; Weitzman, M. D.; Gelovani, J. G.; Pasqualini , R.; Arap, W., A Hybrid Vector for Ligand...A.; Holbeck, S. L.; Sausville, E. A.; Arap, 7 W.; Pasqualini , R., Ligand-Directed Surface Profiling of Human Cancer Cells with Combinatorial...Ozawa, M. G.; Snyder, E. Y.; Sidman, R. L.; Miller, J. H.; Arap, W.; Pasqualini , R., Networks of gold nanoparticles and bacteriophage as biological
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High Mobility Driver Performance Analysis
1981-06-01
Adjusted Residuals 25 Table 13. Trials kAll Trials Including Civilian Drivers) During which Critical Incidents Occurred (Or Did Not Occur) 26 Table 14...0.05 (Winer, 1971 )3. At, the close of training an error score had been selected from amons alternative formulations as reasonably representative of...USNPA, Aug 1968. Winer, B. J. Statistical Principles in Experimental Design. Second (2d) edition. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1971 . 35 IN hi a. I i d A-14
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1988-08-12
that first graders are the nicest, like all in one big family. Well-behaved and obedient. Maybe Matti teases Maija a little bit and Pekka pushes Kalle ...France as early as 1971 . The system designed for Finland is an all-weather ver- sion and it was originally intended to specifically destroy low-flying...ISTAT study covers principally the three years of 1984-86, but also examines the evolution of crime in Italy since 1971 . And this could not have
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Selectivity of Odorant Receptors in Insects
2012-07-13
Regnier, 1971 ), which is equivalent to an endogenous agonist, may be expanded to include the following criteria: 1. Semiochemicals are natural...journal.pone.0030304 Law, J. H., and Regnier, F. E. ( 1971 ). Pheromones. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 40, 533–548. Lu, T., Qiu, Y. T., Wang, G., Kwon, J. Y...malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Curr. Biol. 17, 1533–1544. Lundin, C., Kall , L., Kreher, S. A., Kapp, K., Sonnhammer, E. L., Carlson, J. R
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Survivability Study of a FLIR Equipped Fighter on a Night Penetration of a Soviet Army.
1981-03-01
4L TATL KALL . .5500E.1 .:02SE+I .55015E+00 .I 1E+II .II#E+#Z it 102 ’I" ADnend i x ( RANG;ES Comni r er 1’rn rqm Thft; nrnpram rnmniitpq the r ximum...VEL SIGMA .584 1 .514 .097 .756 1971 = ALT SIGMA 142.675 2 71.337 13.724 ,W91 1080= 1690= 3-WAY INTERACTIONS 52.133 16 3.258 .627 .868 1I#= NET RATE VEL
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Revegetation Study of Adobe Dam, Phoenix, Arizona. Task 2. Revision.
1983-08-01
revegetation. *~ ~ A DDoa or?, I47 MDTOOOV 65IS OBSOLETE SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (Wh"e Ders, Enreedl k ’, ... . .- r77. -. r - -V...addition to sodic soils, five sites along the wash were discovered to have salinity problems, with electrical conductivity in excess of 4. mmhos/cm. This...established at Indian Bend Wash.This species, along with Salla kalL (Tumbleweed) made upthe majority of the vegetation in 1979. Since 1979, as thedata in
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A Synopsis of the Chemical/Physical Properties of Seawater
1988-01-01
N20 -59.5965 97.3066 24.1406 -0.058420 0.033193 -0.0051313 4 1Weiss (1970), 2Weiss ( 1971 ), 3 Wiesenburg and Guinasso (1979), 4 Weiss and Price...20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90100 Temperature ( ° C) FIG. 5. Velocity of light in pure water and seawater as a function of temperature, from Kalle (1942...of Sheet Pile Structures, from U.S. Navy Design Manual ( 1971 ). Types of structure Factors affecting deterioration Harbor bulkheads Beach bulkheads
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Solution Methods for Stochastic Dynamic Linear Programs.
1980-12-01
16, No. 11, pp. 652-675, July 1970. [28] Glassey, C.R., "Dynamic linear programs for production scheduling", OR 19, pp. 45-56. 1971 . 129 Glassey, C.R...Huang, C.C., I. Vertinsky, W.T. Ziemba, ’Sharp bounds on the value of perfect information", OR 25, pp. 128-139, 1977. [37 Kall , P., ’Computational... 1971 . [701 Ziemba, W.T., *Computational algorithms for convex stochastic programs with simple recourse", OR 8, pp. 414-431, 1970. 131 UNCLASSI FIED
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The Combined Arm Battalion and Airland Battle,
1986-12-01
through Vossenach, across the Kall River, and on to Kommerscheidt and Schmidt. Although this trail was the major route for reinforcements and resupply...the division. The use of armor in support of the operation wa3 al-ii oo. Tanks were unable to traverse the narro)w and steeply ba:iked K .-il River...from the 53rd Armored Infantry Battalion opened up the bridgehead over the Moselle River in the initial movement towards ChateaU- 48 Salins . In this
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VLA Ammonia Observations of IRAS 16253-2429: A Very Young and Low Mass Protostellar System
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Wiseman, Jennifer J.
2011-01-01
IRAS l6253-2429. the source of the Wasp-Waist Nebula seen in Spitzer IRAC images, is an isolated very low luminosity ("VeLLO") Class 0 protostar in the nearby rho Ophiuchi cloud. We present VLA ammonia mapping observations of the dense gas envelope feeding the central core accreting system. We find a flattened envelope perpendicular to the outflow axis, and gas cavities that appear to cradle the outflow lobes as though carved out by the flow and associated (apparently precessing) jet. Based on the NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) emission distribution, we derive the mass, velocity fields and temperature distribution for the envelope. We discuss the combined evidence for this source as possibly one of the youngest and lowest mass sources in formation yet known.
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Vector/Matrix Quantization for Narrow-Bandwidth Digital Speech Compression.
1982-09-01
8217o 0 -X -u -vc "oi ’" o 0 00i MN nM I -r -: I I Ir , I C 64 ut c 4c -C ;6 19I *~I C’ I I I 1 Kall 9 I I V4 S.0 M r4) ** al Iw* 0 0 10* 0 f 65 signal...Prediction of the Speech Wave, JASA Vol. 50, pp. 637-655, April 1971 . - 2. I. Itakura and S. Saito, Analysis Synthesis Telephony Based Upon the Maximum
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Wavevector-Frequency Analysis with Applications to Acoustics
1994-01-01
Turbulent Boundary Layer Pressure Measured by Microphone Arrays," Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 49, no. 3, March 1971 , pp. 862-877. 1...ARplications of Green’s FuntionsinScie,.-and Enginlering, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Hills, NJ, 1971 . 9. 3. Ffowcs-Williams et al., Modern Methods for...variables of a random process are kalled Joint w.merit ,. The m,n-th joint moment of the random variables, v and w, iz flefined by E ,N 1 f (aB) do d- where
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Regenerative Simulation of Response Times in Networks of Queues.
1979-11-01
i jobs at center 1. Nov consider the network of queues in Figure 2.2, formulated (Lewis and Shedler ( 1971 )) as a model of system overhead in...7.2 leading to point estimates and confidence intervals for the quantity r(f) are that the pairs of random variables {( V(fHk) : kall (9.2.3) are...189 Next we show that P’=P. Since P ’m"CIP for all i, we can use the Skorohod representation theorem (see Skorohod (1956) or Billingsley ( 1971 )) to
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NPS-PASCAL. A Microcomputer-based Implementation of the PASCAL Programming Language.
1980-03-01
rCL (N BASED PRINTNAME)(1) BTEV; CALL LI ’ ITS (I: =N (0)4-7); CALL 7NTEmRtLINKS; 12%- CALL ST A DrRT ( ); PY’EPTR(e)= FOR" kALL S7ET.DDRPTR(!K...kAccI, 1971 . 7* Flynn.,C P. and Moranville, .S., kL-;T_-v0 T -Dl1e7-itaticn Cf A Fi-I 1-vel 3o tt~ lanr’uape F-cr A M’icroccssor-bs- C~’-:uter Sy st
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A Dermatologist's Ammunition in the War Against Smoking: A Photoaging App.
Brinker, Titus Josef; Enk, Alexander; Gatzka, Martina; Nakamura, Yasuhiro; Sondermann, Wiebke; Omlor, Albert Joachim; Petri, Maximilian Philip; Karoglan, Ante; Seeger, Werner; Klode, Joachim; von Kalle, Christof; Schadendorf, Dirk
2017-09-21
This viewpoint reviews the perspectives for dermatology as a specialty to go beyond the substantial impact of smoking on skin disease and leverage the impact of skin changes on a person's self-concept and behavior in the design of effective interventions for smoking prevention and cessation. ©Titus Josef Brinker, Alexander Enk, Martina Gatzka, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Wiebke Sondermann, Albert Joachim Omlor, Maximilian Philip Petri, Ante Karoglan, Werner Seeger, Joachim Klode, Christof von Kalle, Dirk Schadendorf. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 21.09.2017.
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Uranium Oxide Gaseous Ion and Neutral Infrared Spectroscopy
1983-12-31
Kallelis , and q technical advice received from Drs. Charles E. Kolb, Kurt Annen, Alan Stanton, * and Mark Zahniser of Aerodyne and G. Sargent Janes of Avco...Chem. 75, ( 1971 ) 2283. - S6. S. Abramowitz and N. Acquista, J. Phys. Chem. 76, (1972) 647. 7. H.J. Leary, Jr., T.A. Rooney, E.D. Cater, and ll.B...Friedrich, High Temp. Scd. 3, ( 1971 ) 433. 8. D.H.W. Carstens, D.M. Gruen, and J.F. Kozlowski, High Temp. Sed. 4, 436 (1972). 9. a) M.J. Krauss and W.J
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Pro-inflammatory cytokines can act as intracellular modulators of commensal bacterial virulence
Mahdavi, Jafar; Royer, Pierre-Joseph; Sjölinder, Hong S.; Azimi, Sheyda; Self, Tim; Stoof, Jeroen; Wheldon, Lee M.; Brännström, Kristoffer; Wilson, Raymond; Moreton, Joanna; Moir, James W. B.; Sihlbom, Carina; Borén, Thomas; Jonsson, Ann-Beth; Soultanas, Panos; Ala'Aldeen, Dlawer A. A.
2013-01-01
Interactions between commensal pathogens and hosts are critical for disease development but the underlying mechanisms for switching between the commensal and virulent states are unknown. We show that the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis, the leading cause of pyogenic meningitis, can modulate gene expression via uptake of host pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to increased virulence. This uptake is mediated by type IV pili (Tfp) and reliant on the PilT ATPase activity. Two Tfp subunits, PilE and PilQ, are identified as the ligands for TNF-α and IL-8 in a glycan-dependent manner, and their deletion results in decreased virulence and increased survival in a mouse model. We propose a novel mechanism by which pathogens use the twitching motility mode of the Tfp machinery for sensing and importing host elicitors, aligning with the inflamed environment and switching to the virulent state. PMID:24107297
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Pleiotrophin as a Growth Factor and Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer
1997-10-01
novel phospholipase A2 related gene. Nucl Acid Res 21:135-143. 11. Gattoni-Celli, S., K . Kirsch, S. Kalled , and K . J. Isselbacher. 1986. Expression...clone (G11-F7) is enlarged. Genomic Southern blot probes (a,b,c) and restriction sites are shown (B=BamHI, H=HindIII, Sc=ScaI, K =KpnI). 10WJ 3fr 4&V...otherwise in 25 mM Tris pH8.3/200 mM glycine/20% methanol. The membrane was blocked in PBS (phospate-buffered saline )/0.1% Tween 20/5% powdered milk and
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2000-01-01
Ethanol by ADH Isozymes0 Isozyme TDC Ethanol Class K „ b *cat/-Nn K , *cat Kall ^m I act 8.6 (7.9 ± 1.2)e 63 7 4.2 54 13 PiPi 3.5 (4.2 ± 0.4) 34 8 0.05...the appropriate concentration of substrate in 0.85% saline was added. The reaction was followed by measuring the change in absorbance at 340 nm...ß2ß2 from Kedishvili et al. [271. * K „ values obtained from Lineweaver-Burk plots (Figure 1). ’Values in parentheses are X„s ± S.E. calculated from
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1966-06-01
and L. C. Clarke 1965 Clarke, L. C. and R. J. Renard 1966 Dietrich, G. and K . Kalle 1957 Dietrich, G. 1964 Griffiths, R. C. 1965 Hela...8217s n AppA. 1 (sd LiceanGgrapny« (9) T s c h n 1 ’■■- a i. n Q ’z.e , ■: 10) Ci Bf k e , I..... ^ i-’ •■ (10) i...aevastu , i . ill) J u...only between water masses of different salinity but also between those differing in other properties, such as temperature." The nature of the oceanic
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Ervin G. Schuster; Paul R. Beckley; Jennifer M. Bushur; Krista M. Gebert; Michael J. Niccolucci
1999-01-01
This report stems from Congressional concern over the equivalency between Federal payments to counties containing Federal resource management lands, the likely tax liability, and other county-level benefits and costs associated with those lands. Results indicate that the overall tax liability on Federal lands is almost three times the Federal payments. A survey of...
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Multiple Vibrio fischeri genes are involved in biofilm formation and host colonization
Chavez-Dozal, Alba; Hogan, David; Gorman, Clayton; Quintanal-Villalonga, Alvaro; Nishiguchi, Michele K.
2012-01-01
Biofilms are increasingly recognized as the predominant form for survival in the environment for most bacteria. The successful colonization of Vibrio fischeri in its squid host Euprymna tasmanica, involves complex microbe-host interactions mediated by specific genes that are essential for biofilm formation and colonization. In the present investigation, structural and regulatory genes were selected to study their role in biofilm formation and host colonization. We have mutated several genes (pilT, pilU, flgF, motY, ibpA and mifB) by an insertional inactivation strategy. Results demonstrate that structural genes responsible for synthesis of type IV pili and flagella are crucial for biofilm formation and host infection. Moreover, regulatory genes affect colony aggregation by various mechanisms including alteration of synthesis of transcriptional factors and regulation of extracellular polysaccharide production. These results reflect the significance of how genetic alterations influence communal behavior, which is important in understanding symbiotic relationships. PMID:22486781
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2000-01-01
Momentum Fluxes. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 8 vol. 3 US Department of Commerce, NOAA, NESDIS, 413 p. Dietrich, G., Kalle , K ., Krauss, K ., Siedler, G., 1980...depth, hydrodynamic model are given below for layers ks1 . . . n with ks1 for the top layer. In places where k is used to index model interfaces, ks0 is...the surface and ksn is the bottom. EU 1 E U u E V u cosuŽ . Ž . k k k k k q q yV u sinuqaV sin2uŽ . k k Et acosu Ef Eu sqmax 0,yv u qmax 0,v u y max 0
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Davis Monthan AFB Tucson, Arizona. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO)
1976-07-01
ATA PRUCCSSING BRANC UAF ElA CEILING VERSUS VISIBILITY +-AIR W/ kAll ’ , SIRVICEI/1iC 2JIU9 D, V1S MU 1IMA, AFB AkIZONAUC51UCI) ,)-45peif8-75 DEC 5T+O... 1971 蔵 69j "l 1 .74 681 0 2 2 626 103 -42/;Ol3j 14 - 1120 L -,AN 4--- - -- - 27, 313 ____ ____- --- K -- --±-183 ni n 166 42 mn Wkl I _ 1 1...161 1971 187 5 1 541 53 1 1 .2 . .4 .1 .7 l.3 .4 .7 #. 1 1__6 L 1_0 11 2 58/ 47,*00 0 0 94 *l .2 iol2 5-- 49 .Q .49 . .7 .6 .7 .5 o0 10_
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Extremely Low Mass: The Circumstellar Envelope of a Potential Proto-Brown Dwarf
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Wiseman, Jennifer
2011-01-01
What is the environment for planet formation around extremely low mass stars? Is the environment around brown dwarfs and extremely low mass stars conducive and sufficiently massive for planet production? The determining conditions may be set very early in the process of the host object's formation. IRAS 16253-2429, the source of the Wasp-Waist Nebula seen in Spitzer IRAC images, is an isolated, very low luminosity ("VeLLO") Class 0 protostar in the nearby rho Ophiuchi cloud. We present VLA ammonia mapping observations of the dense gas envelope feeding the central core accreting system. We find a flattened envelope perpendicular to the outflow axis, and gas cavities that appear to cradle the outflow lobes as though carved out by the flow and associated (apparently precessing) jet, indicating environmental disruption. Based on the NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) emission distribution, we derive the mass, velocity fields and temperature distribution for the envelope. We discuss the combined evidence for this source to be one of the youngest and lowest mass sources in formation yet known, and discuss the ramifications for planet formation potential in this extremely low mass system.
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Summary of Meteorological Observations, Surface (SMOS), Midway Island.
1984-08-01
8 1.7 415 !I _? .,8 1.3.. 35 1962 9 ’.2 32 l 9 t.o 27 1965 10 1.2 2 1062 10 1 z1 1*6?2 11 1 - 641 ’ .E 24 1971 12 ’.11 1 !97 12 100 77 19 __9 13 1... 1971 22 1. 4 72 19ev 22 2 0 < 53 1’$6 7_______ 23 *1 . 961 23 1.13 2 ; 1981 24 ". 1’ 5 46P 24 1.-4 42’ 1952 25 ’. 0 36 1i)79 26 l.’b %s 蚝 1 26 . 6...OBSERVATIONS) j2 7ŕ 74!:WAY !SLA. 73-R2 MAY SiUUlm iS&AYWI MUl Y IOUAI kALL WEATHEP IP MMW=N ( L.8.1 . SIf, UL S aiim MEAN INTS I13 4.6 7-10 1114 17.21
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Brinker, Titus Josef; Rudolph, Stefanie; Richter, Daniela; von Kalle, Christof
2018-05-11
This article describes the DataBox project which offers a perspective of a new health data management solution in Germany. DataBox was initially conceptualized as a repository of individual lung cancer patient data (structured and unstructured). The patient is the owner of the data and is able to share his or her data with different stakeholders. Data is transferred, displayed, and stored online, but not archived. In the long run, the project aims at replacing the conventional method of paper- and storage-device-based handling of data for all patients in Germany, leading to better organization and availability of data which reduces duplicate diagnostic procedures, treatment errors, and enables the training as well as usage of artificial intelligence algorithms on large datasets. ©Titus Josef Brinker, Stefanie Rudolph, Daniela Richter, Christof von Kalle. Originally published in JMIR Cancer (http://cancer.jmir.org), 11.05.2018.
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Weller-Stuart, Tania; Toth, Ian; De Maayer, Pieter; Coutinho, Teresa
2017-06-01
Pantoea ananatis is a widespread phytopathogen with a broad host range. Despite its ability to infect economically important crops, such as maize, rice and onion, relatively little is known about how this bacterium infects and colonizes host tissue or spreads within and between hosts. To study the role of motility in pathogenicity, we analysed both swimming and twitching motility in P. ananatis LMG 20103. Genetic recombineering was used to construct four mutants affected in motility. Two flagellar mutants were disrupted in the flgK and motA genes, required for flagellar assembly and flagellar rotation, respectively. Similarly, two twitching motility mutants were generated, impaired in the structure (pilA) and functioning (pilT) of the type IV pili. The role of swimming and twitching motility during the infection cycle of P. ananatis in onion seedlings was determined by comparing the mutant- and wild-type strains using several in vitro and in planta assays. From the results obtained, it was evident that flagella aid P. ananatis in locating and attaching to onion leaf surfaces, as well as in pathogenicity, whereas twitching motility is instrumental in the spread of the bacteria on the surface once attachment has occurred. Both swimming and twitching motility contribute towards the ability of P. ananatis to cause disease in onions. © 2016 BSPP AND JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD.
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VizieR Online Data Catalog: Very Low-Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs) from 1.25-850um (Kim+, 2016)
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kim, M.-R.; Lee, C. W.; Dunham, M. M.; Evans, N. J., II; Kim, G.; Allen, L. E.
2016-10-01
The Spitzer Gould Belt Survey (GBS) is a project to survey about 21 square degrees of 11 nearby molecular clouds at 3.6-160um to provide a census of star formation in nearby large clouds (P.I. L. Allen). Spitzer has mapped a total of 11 molecular clouds, CMC, Chamaeleon I, Chamaeleon III, Musca, Lupus V, Lupus VI, Ophiuchus North, Aquila, CrA, Cepheus, and IC 5146 with the IRAC and MIPS between 2004 March and 2008 October. We utilized the data provided by the c2d/GBS projects (Evans et al. 2009, J/ApJS/181/321; Dunham et al. 2015, J/ApJS/220/11). There are two cloud complexes which were not listed in the c2d/GBS projects, but observed by other projects, the Taurus molecular clouds and the Orion molecular clouds. The Taurus molecular clouds have been observed over an area of ~44 square degrees by one of the GTO programs (P.I. D. Padgett) with the IRAC and the MIPS instruments. The Orion molecular clouds have been surveyed in ~9°2 area by Spitzer (P.I. T. Megeath). See section 2.1 for further details. Complementary archive infrared data were retrieved from 2MASS and Herschel PACS and SPIRE and JCMT SCUBA-2; see section 2.2. We observed our sources with the N2H+(1-0) line with the Korean Very Long Baseline Interferometry Network (KVN) 21m radio telescopes from 2011 October to 2016 May for the northern hemisphere sources, and the Mopra 22m telescope in 2012 April for the southern hemisphere sources. See section 2.3 for further explanations. (8 data files).
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Hoechst and Wacker plan joint venture in PVC
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Young, I.
1992-12-02
Restructuring of Europe's petrochemical industry has taken a further step with the announcement that Hoechst (Frankfurt) and Wacker Chemie (Munich) are planning a joint venture in polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The venture would include production, R D, sales and marketing, plus both companies' PVC recycling activities. However, their vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) plants, and Hoechst's Kalle PVC film business, have been left out. Erich Schnitzler, head of Hoechst's PVC business unit, does not anticipate problems with the European Community's competition directorate. We are both among the middle-sized European PVC producers, and together we would have a 9%-10% market share. Our jointmore » venture would not limit competition. Both partners are hoping for approval from Brussels in first-quarter 1993. Hoechst has 255,000 m.t./year of PVC capacity at Gendorfand Knapsack, while Wacker has 365,000 m.t./year at Burghausen and Cologne. All the units, except Wacker's Cologne plant, are back integrated to VCM. The joint venture would buy VCM from the two parent companies and on the merchant market.« less
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The costs and benefits of a cigarette ban.
Doucet, Mathieu
2017-06-01
The death toll from tobacco is staggering: it might contribute to one billion premature deaths over the course of the 21st century. In 'The case for banning cigarettes', Kalle Grill and Kristin Voigt argue that the well-being and equality benefits of a complete ban on cigarettes more than justify the restrictions on autonomy that such a ban would impose. Their argument depends on two crucial simplifications: an assumption that the ban would be effective and the restriction of the analysis to a comparison with the status quo, rather than a broader range of policy options. I argue that despite the authors' claims, these two simplifications make it impossible for their argument to 'bring into focus the fundamental normative issues' surrounding a possible cigarette ban, since they dramatically overstate the benefits and obscure the most significant costs of such a ban. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
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Calcium-Enhanced Twitching Motility in Xylella fastidiosa Is Linked to a Single PilY1 Homolog
Cruz, Luisa F.; Parker, Jennifer K.; Cobine, Paul A.
2014-01-01
The plant-pathogenic bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is restricted to the xylem vessel environment, where mineral nutrients are transported through the plant host; therefore, changes in the concentrations of these elements likely impact the growth and virulence of this bacterium. Twitching motility, dependent on type IV pili (TFP), is required for movement against the transpiration stream that results in basipetal colonization. We previously demonstrated that calcium (Ca) increases the motility of X. fastidiosa, although the mechanism was unknown. PilY1 is a TFP structural protein recently shown to bind Ca and to regulate twitching and adhesion in bacterial pathogens of humans. Sequence analysis identified three pilY1 homologs in X. fastidiosa (PD0023, PD0502, and PD1611), one of which (PD1611) contains a Ca-binding motif. Separate deletions of PD0023 and PD1611 resulted in mutants that still showed twitching motility and were not impaired in attachment or biofilm formation. However, the response of increased twitching at higher Ca concentrations was lost in the pilY1-1611 mutant. Ca does not modulate the expression of any of the X. fastidiosa PilY1 homologs, although it increases the expression of the retraction ATPase pilT during active movement. The evidence presented here suggests functional differences between the PilY1 homologs, which may provide X. fastidiosa with an adaptive advantage in environments with high Ca concentrations, such as xylem sap. PMID:25217013
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Calcium-Enhanced Twitching Motility in Xylella fastidiosa Is Linked to a Single PilY1 Homolog.
Cruz, Luisa F; Parker, Jennifer K; Cobine, Paul A; De La Fuente, Leonardo
2014-12-01
The plant-pathogenic bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is restricted to the xylem vessel environment, where mineral nutrients are transported through the plant host; therefore, changes in the concentrations of these elements likely impact the growth and virulence of this bacterium. Twitching motility, dependent on type IV pili (TFP), is required for movement against the transpiration stream that results in basipetal colonization. We previously demonstrated that calcium (Ca) increases the motility of X. fastidiosa, although the mechanism was unknown. PilY1 is a TFP structural protein recently shown to bind Ca and to regulate twitching and adhesion in bacterial pathogens of humans. Sequence analysis identified three pilY1 homologs in X. fastidiosa (PD0023, PD0502, and PD1611), one of which (PD1611) contains a Ca-binding motif. Separate deletions of PD0023 and PD1611 resulted in mutants that still showed twitching motility and were not impaired in attachment or biofilm formation. However, the response of increased twitching at higher Ca concentrations was lost in the pilY1-1611 mutant. Ca does not modulate the expression of any of the X. fastidiosa PilY1 homologs, although it increases the expression of the retraction ATPase pilT during active movement. The evidence presented here suggests functional differences between the PilY1 homologs, which may provide X. fastidiosa with an adaptive advantage in environments with high Ca concentrations, such as xylem sap. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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Guo, Yunxue; Yao, Jianyun; Sun, Chenglong; Wen, Zhongling; Wang, Xiaoxue
2016-07-01
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic elements that are ubiquitous in prokaryotes. Most studies on TA systems have focused on commensal and pathogenic bacteria; yet very few studies have focused on TAs in marine bacteria, especially those isolated from a deep sea environment. Here, we characterized a type II VapC/VapB TA system from the deep-sea derived Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 02999. The VapC (virulence-associated protein) protein belongs to the PIN (PilT N-terminal) superfamily. Overproduction of VapC strongly inhibited cell growth and resulted in a bleb-containing morphology in E. coli. The toxicity of VapC was neutralized through direct protein-protein interaction by a small protein antitoxin VapB encoded by a neighboring gene. Antitoxin VapB alone or the VapB/VapC complex negatively regulated the vapBC promoter activity. We further revealed that three conserved Asp residues in the PIN domain were essential for the toxic effect of VapC. Additionally, the VapC/VapB TA system stabilized plasmid in E. coli. Furthermore, VapC cross-activated transcription of several TA operons via a partially Lon-dependent mechanism in E. coli, and the activated toxins accumulated more preferentially than their antitoxin partners. Collectively, we identified and characterized a new deep sea TA system in the deep sea Streptomyces sp. and demonstrated that the VapC toxin in this system can cross-activate TA operons in E. coli.
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Huang, Qihong; Liu, Linlin; Liu, Junfeng; Ni, Jinfeng; She, Qunxin; Shen, Yulong
2015-02-14
ATPase/Helicases and nucleases play important roles in homologous recombination repair (HRR). Many of the mechanistic details relating to these enzymes and their function in this fundamental and complicated DNA repair process remain poorly understood in archaea. Here we employed Sulfolobus islandicus, a hyperthermophilic archaeon, as a model to investigate the in vivo functions of the ATPase/helicase HerA, the nuclease NurA, and their associated proteins Mre11 and Rad50. We revealed that each of the four genes in the same operon, mre11, rad50, herA, and nurA, are essential for cell viability by a mutant propagation assay. A genetic complementation assay with mutant proteins was combined with biochemical characterization demonstrating that the ATPase activity of HerA, the interaction between HerA and NurA, and the efficient 5'-3' DNA end resection activity of the HerA-NurA complex are essential for cell viability. NurA and two other putative HRR proteins: a PIN (PilT N-terminal)-domain containing ATPase and the Holliday junction resolvase Hjc, were co-purified with a chromosomally encoded N-His-HerA in vivo. The interactions of HerA with the ATPase and Hjc were further confirmed by in vitro pull down. Efficient 5'-3' DNA end resection activity of the HerA-NurA complex contributes to necessity of HerA and NurA in Sulfolobus, which is crucial to yield a 3'-overhang in HRR. HerA may have additional binding partners in cells besides NurA.
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Mori, Tomoaki; Nakamura, Kento; Masaoka, Keisuke
Various viruses infect animals and humans and cause a variety of diseases, including cancer. However, effective methodologies to prevent virus infection have not yet been established. Therefore, development of technologies to inactivate viruses is highly desired. We have already demonstrated that cleavage of a DNA virus genome was effective to prevent its replication. Here, we expanded this methodology to RNA viruses. In the present study, we used staphylococcal nuclease (SNase) instead of the PIN domain (PilT N-terminus) of human SMG6 as an RNA-cleavage domain and fused the SNase to a human Pumilio/fem-3 binding factor (PUF)-based artificial RNA-binding protein to constructmore » an artificial RNA restriction enzyme with enhanced RNA-cleavage rates for influenzavirus. The resulting SNase-fusion nuclease cleaved influenza RNA at rates 120-fold greater than the corresponding PIN-fusion nuclease. The cleaving ability of the PIN-fusion nuclease was not improved even though the linker moiety between the PUF and RNA-cleavage domain was changed. Gel shift assays revealed that the RNA-binding properties of the PUF derivative used was not as good as wild type PUF. Improvement of the binding properties or the design method will allow the SNase-fusion nuclease to cleave an RNA target in mammalian animal cells and/or organisms. - Highlights: • A novel RNA restriction enzyme using SNase was developed tor cleave viral RNA. • Our enzyme cleaved influenza RNA with rates >120-fold higher rates a PIN-fusion one. • Our artificial enzyme with the L5 linker showed the highest RNA cleavage rate. • Our artificial enzyme site-selectively cleaved influenza RNA in vitro.« less
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Commerçon, B.; Hennebelle, P.; Levrier, F.; Launhardt, R.; Henning, Th.
2012-03-01
I will present radiation-magneto-hydrodynamics calculations of low-mass and massive dense core collapse, focusing on the first collapse and the first hydrostatic core (first Larson core) formation. The influence of magnetic field and initial mass on the fragmentation properties will be investigated. In the first part reporting low mass dense core collapse calculations, synthetic observations of spectral energy distributions will be derived, as well as classical observational quantities such as bolometric temperature and luminosity. I will show how the dust continuum can help to target first hydrostatic cores and to state about the nature of VeLLOs. Last, I will present synthetic ALMA observation predictions of first hydrostatic cores which may give an answer, if not definitive, to the fragmentation issue at the early Class 0 stage. In the second part, I will report the results of radiation-magneto-hydrodynamics calculations in the context of high mass star formation, using for the first time a self-consistent model for photon emission (i.e. via thermal emission and in radiative shocks) and with the high resolution necessary to resolve properly magnetic braking effects and radiative shocks on scales <100 AU (Commercon, Hennebelle & Henning ApJL 2011). In this study, we investigate the combined effects of magnetic field, turbulence, and radiative transfer on the early phases of the collapse and the fragmentation of massive dense cores (M=100 M_⊙). We identify a new mechanism that inhibits initial fragmentation of massive dense cores, where magnetic field and radiative transfer interplay. We show that this interplay becomes stronger as the magnetic field strength increases. We speculate that highly magnetized massive dense cores are good candidates for isolated massive star formation, while moderately magnetized massive dense cores are more appropriate to form OB associations or small star clusters. Finally we will also present synthetic observations of these
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Maboudi Afkham, Heydar; Qiu, Xuanbin; The, Matthew; Käll, Lukas
2017-02-15
Liquid chromatography is frequently used as a means to reduce the complexity of peptide-mixtures in shotgun proteomics. For such systems, the time when a peptide is released from a chromatography column and registered in the mass spectrometer is referred to as the peptide's retention time . Using heuristics or machine learning techniques, previous studies have demonstrated that it is possible to predict the retention time of a peptide from its amino acid sequence. In this paper, we are applying Gaussian Process Regression to the feature representation of a previously described predictor E lude . Using this framework, we demonstrate that it is possible to estimate the uncertainty of the prediction made by the model. Here we show how this uncertainty relates to the actual error of the prediction. In our experiments, we observe a strong correlation between the estimated uncertainty provided by Gaussian Process Regression and the actual prediction error. This relation provides us with new means for assessment of the predictions. We demonstrate how a subset of the peptides can be selected with lower prediction error compared to the whole set. We also demonstrate how such predicted standard deviations can be used for designing adaptive windowing strategies. lukas.kall@scilifelab.se. Our software and the data used in our experiments is publicly available and can be downloaded from https://github.com/statisticalbiotechnology/GPTime . © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com
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Complex Systems: Control and Modeling Problems
2004-08-23
von Mat- thias Kalle Dalheimer. - 4. Aufl.. - Beijing ; Koln : O’Reilly, 2003. - XVII, 1084 S.; (dt.) ISBN 3-89721- 332-X Original: Java in a...Берлин: Техник, 1988. [7] Форрестер Д. Основы кибернетики предприятия (индустриальная динамика): Пер. с англ. – М.: Про- гресс, 1971 . 385...размерности системы уравнений для синтеза оптимального управления. Оптимальные и самонастраивающиеся системы. – Новосибирск: Изд. ИАиЭ АН СССР, 1971
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Oladi, Elham; Mohamadi, Maryam; Shamspur, Tayebeh; Mostafavi, Ali
2014-11-11
Melatonin is normally consumed to regulate the body's biological cycle. However it also has therapeutic properties, such as anti-tumor, anti-aging and protects the immune system. There are some reports on the presence of melatonin in edible kernels such as walnuts, but the extraction of melatonin from pistachio kernels is reported here for the first time. For this, the methanolic extract of pistachio kernels was exposed to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis which confirmed the presence of melatonin. A fluorescence-based method was applied for the determination of melatonin in different extracts. When excited at λ=275 nm, the fluorescence emission intensity of melatonin was measured at λ=366 nm. Ultrasound-assisted solid-liquid extraction was used for the extraction of melatonin from pistachio kernels prior to fluorimetric determination. To achieve the highest extraction recovery, the main parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as extracting solvent type and volume, temperature, sonication time and pH were evaluated. Under the optimized conditions, a linear dependence of fluorescence intensity on melatonin concentration was observed in the range of 0.0040-0.160 μg mL(-1), with a detection limit of 0.0036 μg mL(-1). This method was applied successfully for measuring and comparing the melatonin content in the kernels of four different varieties of Pistacia including Ahmad Aghaei, Akbari, Kalle Qouchi and Fandoghi. In addition, the results obtained were compared with those obtained using GC/MS. A good agreement was observed indicating the reliability of the proposed method. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Oladi, Elham; Mohamadi, Maryam; Shamspur, Tayebeh; Mostafavi, Ali
2014-11-01
Melatonin is normally consumed to regulate the body's biological cycle. However it also has therapeutic properties, such as anti-tumor, anti-aging and protects the immune system. There are some reports on the presence of melatonin in edible kernels such as walnuts, but the extraction of melatonin from pistachio kernels is reported here for the first time. For this, the methanolic extract of pistachio kernels was exposed to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis which confirmed the presence of melatonin. A fluorescence-based method was applied for the determination of melatonin in different extracts. When excited at λ = 275 nm, the fluorescence emission intensity of melatonin was measured at λ = 366 nm. Ultrasound-assisted solid-liquid extraction was used for the extraction of melatonin from pistachio kernels prior to fluorimetric determination. To achieve the highest extraction recovery, the main parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as extracting solvent type and volume, temperature, sonication time and pH were evaluated. Under the optimized conditions, a linear dependence of fluorescence intensity on melatonin concentration was observed in the range of 0.0040-0.160 μg mL-1, with a detection limit of 0.0036 μg mL-1. This method was applied successfully for measuring and comparing the melatonin content in the kernels of four different varieties of Pistacia including Ahmad Aghaei, Akbari, Kalle Qouchi and Fandoghi. In addition, the results obtained were compared with those obtained using GC/MS. A good agreement was observed indicating the reliability of the proposed method.
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Ahmad, Abdelmonim Ali; Stulberg, Michael J; Huang, Qi
2017-01-01
We previously characterized a filamentous lysogenic bacteriophage, ϕRs551, isolated directly from the race 3 biovar 2 phylotype IIB sequevar 1 strain UW551 of Ralstonia solanacearum grown under normal culture conditions. The genome of ϕRs551 was identified with 100% identity in the deposited genomes of 11 race 3 biovar 2 phylotype IIB sequevar 1 strains of R. solanacearum , indicating evolutionary and biological importance, and ORF14 of ϕRs551 was annotated as a putative type-2 repressor. In this study, we determined the effect of the prophage and its ORF14 on the virulence and competitive fitness of its carrier strain UW551 by deleting the orf14 gene only (the UW551 orf14 mutant), and nine of the prophage's 14 genes including orf14 and six out of seven structural genes (the UW551 prophage mutant), respectively, from the genome of UW551. The two mutants were increased in extracellular polysaccharide production, twitching motility, expression of targeted virulence and virulence regulatory genes ( pilT, egl, pehC, hrPB, and phcA ), and virulence, suggesting that the virulence of UW551 was negatively regulated by ϕRs551, at least partially through ORF14. Interestingly, we found that the wt ϕRs551-carrying strain UW551 of R. solanacearum significantly outcompeted the wt strain RUN302 which lacks the prophage in tomato plants co-inoculated with the two strains. When each of the two mutant strains was co-inoculated with RUN302, however, the mutants were significantly out-competed by RUN302 for the same colonization site. Our results suggest that ecologically, ϕRs551 may play an important role by regulating the virulence of and offering a competitive fitness advantage to its carrier bacterial strain for persistence of the bacterium in the environment, which in turn prolongs the symbiotic relationship between the phage ϕRs551 and the R. solanacearum strain UW551. Our study is the first toward a better understanding of the co-existence between a lysogenic phage and
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Ahmad, Abdelmonim Ali; Stulberg, Michael J.; Huang, Qi
2017-01-01
We previously characterized a filamentous lysogenic bacteriophage, ϕRs551, isolated directly from the race 3 biovar 2 phylotype IIB sequevar 1 strain UW551 of Ralstonia solanacearum grown under normal culture conditions. The genome of ϕRs551 was identified with 100% identity in the deposited genomes of 11 race 3 biovar 2 phylotype IIB sequevar 1 strains of R. solanacearum, indicating evolutionary and biological importance, and ORF14 of ϕRs551 was annotated as a putative type-2 repressor. In this study, we determined the effect of the prophage and its ORF14 on the virulence and competitive fitness of its carrier strain UW551 by deleting the orf14 gene only (the UW551 orf14 mutant), and nine of the prophage’s 14 genes including orf14 and six out of seven structural genes (the UW551 prophage mutant), respectively, from the genome of UW551. The two mutants were increased in extracellular polysaccharide production, twitching motility, expression of targeted virulence and virulence regulatory genes (pilT, egl, pehC, hrPB, and phcA), and virulence, suggesting that the virulence of UW551 was negatively regulated by ϕRs551, at least partially through ORF14. Interestingly, we found that the wt ϕRs551-carrying strain UW551 of R. solanacearum significantly outcompeted the wt strain RUN302 which lacks the prophage in tomato plants co-inoculated with the two strains. When each of the two mutant strains was co-inoculated with RUN302, however, the mutants were significantly out-competed by RUN302 for the same colonization site. Our results suggest that ecologically, ϕRs551 may play an important role by regulating the virulence of and offering a competitive fitness advantage to its carrier bacterial strain for persistence of the bacterium in the environment, which in turn prolongs the symbiotic relationship between the phage ϕRs551 and the R. solanacearum strain UW551. Our study is the first toward a better understanding of the co-existence between a lysogenic phage and
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A Genetic Basis for Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea
Caronia, Lisa M.; Martin, Cecilia; Welt, Corrine K.; Sykiotis, Gerasimos P.; Quinton, Richard; Thambundit, Apisadaporn; Avbelj, Magdalena; Dhruvakumar, Sadhana; Plummer, Lacey; Hughes, Virginia A.; Seminara, Stephanie B.; Boepple, Paul A.; Sidis, Yisrael; Crowley, William F.; Martin, Kathryn A.; Hall, Janet E.; Pitteloud, Nelly
2011-01-01
BACKGROUND Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is a reversible form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency commonly triggered by stressors such as excessive exercise, nutritional deficits, or psychological distress. Women vary in their susceptibility to inhibition of the reproductive axis by such stressors, but it is unknown whether this variability reflects a genetic predisposition to hypothalamic amenorrhea. We hypothesized that mutations in genes involved in idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a congenital form of GnRH deficiency, are associated with hypothalamic amenorrhea. METHODS We analyzed the coding sequence of genes associated with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in 55 women with hypothalamic amenorrhea and performed in vitro studies of the identified mutations. RESULTS Six heterozygous mutations were identified in 7 of the 55 patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea: two variants in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene FGFR1 (G260E and R756H), two in the prokineticin receptor 2 gene PROKR2 (R85H and L173R), one in the GnRH receptor gene GNRHR (R262Q), and one in the Kall-mann syndrome 1 sequence gene KAL1 (V371I). No mutations were found in a cohort of 422 controls with normal menstrual cycles. In vitro studies showed that FGFR1 G260E, FGFR1 R756H, and PROKR2 R85H are loss-of-function mutations, as has been previously shown for PROKR2 L173R and GNRHR R262Q. CONCLUSIONS Rare variants in genes associated with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism are found in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea, suggesting that these mutations may contribute to the variable susceptibility of women to the functional changes in GnRH secretion that characterize hypothalamic amenorrhea. Our observations provide evidence for the role of rare variants in common multifactorial disease. (Funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00494169.) PMID:21247312
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Brinker, Titus Josef; Heckl, Marlene; Gatzka, Martina; Heppt, Markus V; Resende Rodrigues, Henrique; Schneider, Sven; Sondermann, Wiebke; de Almeida E Silva, Carolina; Kirchberger, Michael C; Klode, Joachim; Enk, Alexander H; Knispel, Sarah; von Kalle, Christof; Stoffels, Ingo; Schadendorf, Dirk; Nakamura, Yasuhiro; Esser, Stefan; Assis, Aisllan; Bernardes-Souza, Breno
2018-03-09
, 87.2% agreement in males) and increased use of sun protection (n=197, 92.1% agreement in females vs n=123, 87.2% agreement in males) and independent of age or skin type. All medical students involved filled in a process evaluation revealing that they all perceived the intervention as effective and unproblematic, and that all pupils tried the app in their presence. The photoaging intervention was effective in changing behavioral predictors for UV protection in Brazilian adolescents. The predictors measured indicated an even higher prospective effectiveness in southeast Brazil than in Germany (>90% agreement in Brazil vs >60% agreement in Germany to both items that measured motivation to reduce UV exposure) in accordance with the theory of planned behavior. Medical students are capable of complete implementation. A randomized controlled trial measuring prospective effects in Brazil is planned as a result of this study. ©Titus Josef Brinker, Marlene Heckl, Martina Gatzka, Markus V Heppt, Henrique Resende Rodrigues, Sven Schneider, Wiebke Sondermann, Carolina de Almeida e Silva, Michael C Kirchberger, Joachim Klode, Alexander H Enk, Sarah Knispel, Christof von Kalle, Ingo Stoffels, Dirk Schadendorf, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Stefan Esser, Aisllan Assis, Breno Bernardes-Souza. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 09.03.2018.
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EDITORIAL: Molecular switches at surfaces Molecular switches at surfaces
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Weinelt, Martin; von Oppen, Felix
2012-10-01
electron-vibration coupling in transport through single moleculesKatharina J Franke and Jose Ignacio Pascual Vibrational heating in single-molecule switches: an energy-dependent density-of-states approachT Brumme, R Gutierrez and G Cuniberti Reversible switching of single tin phthalocyanine molecules on the InAs(111)A surfaceC Nacci, K Kanisawa and S Fölsch Tuning the interaction between carbon nanotubes and dipole switches: the influence of the change of the nanotube-spiropyran distanceP Bluemmel, A Setaro, C Maity, S Hecht and S Reich Carbon nanotubes as substrates for molecular spiropyran-based switchesE Malic, A Setaro, P Bluemmel, Carlos F Sanz-Navarro, Pablo Ordejón, S Reich and A Knorr Ultrafast dynamics of dithienylethenes differently linked to the surface of TiO2 nanoparticlesLars Dworak, Marc Zastrow, Gehad Zeyat, Karola Rück-Braun and Josef Wachtveitl Switching the electronic properties of Co-octaethylporphyrin molecules on oxygen-covered Ni films by NO adsorptionC F Hermanns, M Bernien, A Krüger, J Miguel and W Kuch STM-switching of organic molecules on semiconductor surfaces: an above threshold density matrix model for 1,5 cyclooctadiene on Si(100)K Zenichowski, Ch Nacci, S Fölsch, J Dokić, T Klamroth and P Saalfrank A switch based on self-assembled thymineFatih Kalkan, Michael Mehlhorn and Karina Morgenstern The growth and electronic structure of azobenzene-based functional molecules on layered crystalsJ Iwicki, E Ludwig, J Buck, M Kalläne, F Köhler, R Herges, L Kipp and K Rossnagel Voltage-dependent conductance states of a single-molecule junctionY F Wang, N Néel, J Kröger, H Vázquez, M Brandbyge, B Wang and R Berndt Molecules with multiple switching units on a Au(111) surface: self-organization and single-molecule manipulationJohannes Mielke, Sofia Selvanathan, Maike Peters, Jutta Schwarz, Stefan Hecht and Leonhard Grill Preparing and regulating a bi-stable molecular switch by atomic manipulationS Sakulsermsuk, R E Palmer and P A Sloan Mixed self
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PREFACE: CEWQO Topical Issue CEWQO Topical Issue
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Bozic, Mirjana; Man'ko, Margarita
2009-09-01
Kalle-Antti Suominen (http://www.congress.utu.fi/cewqo2009). The conference site is the new ICT building at chaired by Professor Kalle-Antti Suominen (http://www.congress.utu.fi/cewqo2009, www.congress.utu.fi/cewqo2009). The conference site was the new ICT building at the University of Turku campus area and the Viking Line ferry boat. Turku is the central city of historical Finland established on the mouth of the river Aura in the 13th century. It is the birthplace of Finnish academic life, since the Academy of Turku was established there in 1640. In 2011, Turku will be one of the cultural capitals of Europe. The city has a strong maritime tradition and is shielded from the Baltic sea by a large and beautiful archipelago. The 17th Central European Workshop on Quantum Optics will be held in 2010 in St Andrews, UK. It will be chaired by Professors Ulf Leonhardt and Natalia Korolkova from the School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews. St Andrews is home to the first university of Scotland, the third-oldest in the English-speaking world, and is the home of golf. It remains a charming, eccentric seaside town that is sufficiently secluded - the ideal place for a stimulating and thought-provoking conference.
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FOREWORD: The 70th birthday of Professor Stig Stenholm The 70th birthday of Professor Stig Stenholm
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Suominen, Kalle-Antti
2010-09-01
information [7] and in Stockholm he had, again, very successful postdocs such as Ulf Leonhardt. Finally, in 2005, Stig Stenholm retired, although he is still active, writing papers, taking part in conferences and making research visits. We honoured his 70th birthday at the CEWQO2009 conference, and hope that the future provides us with further opportunities for such events. Looking at the obituary of Dirk ter Haar, I see that his style with students reminds me of Stig's approach. In my opinion, Stig expects independence and initiative from a student, giving perhaps a broad topic in which the student is expected to find his or her own way, whilst working perhaps with a postdoc. Juha Javanainen has talked about the 'sink or swim' style (not referring to Stig, though). There is a famous series of children's books about Moomin trolls by Tove Jansson (another Swedish-speaking Finn like Stig). In one of them, the Moomin find in early spring a small flower in a patch of land uncovered by snow, pushing its way up. One of them wants to cover it against frost during the night, but another says 'Don't, it'll fare better later if it has some difficulties at first'. At CEWQO2009 Stig gave the full list of his finished PhD students: Rainer Salomaa (1973), Temba Dlodlo (1980), Juha Javanainen (1980), Markus Lindberg (1985), Matti Kaivola (1985), Birger Ståhlberg (1985), Kalle-Antti Suominen (1992), Mackillo Kira (1995), Päivi Törmä (1996), Asta Paloviita (1997), Patrik Öhberg (1998), Martti Havukainen (1999), Erika Andersson (2000), Pawel Piwnicki (2001), Åsa Larson (2001), Markku Jääskeläinen (2003), and Jonas Larson (2005). One should also mention Erkki Kyrölä, who eventually graduated at Rochester and Olli Serimaa, who never graduated but published some important early-stage laser cooling work. As a final note I must mention a passion that Stig and I share, namely books. I have nearly 400 professional physics and mathematics books, but I am certain that the size of Stig
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Olumi, Aria F
2014-02-01
Early-onset prostate cancer (EO-PCA) represents the earliest clinical manifestation of prostate cancer. To compare the genomic alteration landscapes of EO-PCA with "classical" (elderly-onset) PCA, we performed deep sequencing-based genomics analyses in 11 tumors diagnosed at young age, and pursued comparative assessments with seven elderly-onset PCA genomes. Remarkable age-related differences in structural rearrangement (SR) formation became evident, suggesting distinct disease pathomechanisms. Whereas EO-PCAs harbored a prevalence of balanced SRs, with a specific abundance of androgen-regulated ETS gene fusions including TMPRSS2:ERG, elderly-onset PCAs displayed primarily non-androgen-associated SRs. Data from a validation cohort of>10,000 patients showed age-dependent androgen receptor levels and a prevalence of SRs affecting androgen-regulated genes, further substantiating the activity of a characteristic "androgen-type" pathomechanism in EO-PCA. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.