Progress Report for the First Year (1 January-31 December 1992) on Contract N00014-93-C-0019 (Hawaii Biotechnology Group, Inc.)

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-02-10

resulting from ultracentrifugation reduced the hydrophobicity of the solution, thus allowing improved precipitation of the casein which exists as micelles ...clarification of the whole ferret milk (supplied by Dr. Olgerts Pavlovskis of the Naval Medical Research Institute) for the removal of lipids and casein ...acetic acid until a final pH of 4.6 was achieved. Acidification of he solution precipitated casein (pi=4.6) which was then removed by centrifugation

Uncertainties and Solutions Related to Use of WRB (2007) in the Boreo-nemoral zone, Case of Latvia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kasparinskis, Raimonds; Nikodemus, Olgerts; Rolavs, Nauris

2014-05-01

Relatively high diversity of soils groups according to the WRB (2007) classification is observed in forest ecosystems in the boreo-nemoral zone in Latvia. This is due to the geological genesis of area and environmental conditions (Kasparinskis, Nikodemus, 2012), as well as historical land use and management (Nikodemus et al., 2013). Due to the relatively young soils, Albic, Spodic and Cambic horizons are relatively weakly expressed in many cases. Relatively well developed Albic horizons occur in sandy forest soils, but unusually well expressed Spodic features are observed. In some cases there is a Cambic horizon, however location of Cambisols in the WRB (2007) soil classification sequence does not provide an opportunity to classify these soils as Cambisols, but they are classified as Arenosols. This sequence does not reflect the logical sheme of soil development, and therefore raises the question about location of Podzols, Arenosols and Cambisols in the sequence of WRB (2007) soil classification. Soils with two parent materials (abrupt textural change) are relatively common in Latvia, where conceptually on the small scale mapping results in classification as the soil group Planosols, but in many cases there is occurrence of Fluvic materials, as parent material in the upper part of the soil profile is formed by Baltic Ice lake sandy sediments - this leads to question about the location of Fluvisols and Planosols in the sequence of the WRB (2007) soil classification. Soil research has found cases, where a relatively well developed Spodic horizon was established as the result of ground water table depth in areas of abrupt textural change. In this case the profile corresponds to the soil group of Podzols, however in some cases - Gleysols not Planosols due to a high ground water table. Therefore there is a need for discussion also about the location of Podzols and Planosols in the sequence of the WRB (2007) soil classification. The above mentioned questions raise

Paleo-climate changes during Termination V off Iberia as revealed by coccoliths assemblages

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Palumbo, Eliana; Ornella Amore, Filomena; Flores, José-Abel; Volker, Antje

2010-05-01

to fluctuations in climate as well as changes in surface-water conditions (Baumann & Freitag, 2004). Site MD03-2699 is located in a region where several different currents of the Northern Hemisphere came together influencing temperature and nutrient concentrations during glacial-interglacial stages. Thus this site is in a key-position to reconstruct the impact of the Mid-Pleistocene forcing on the Portuguese upwelling system and the North Atlantic's transitional waters. In this work coccolith assemblages have been studied in order to understand the differences established off Portugal within phytoplankton structure and to reconstruct environmental and paleoceanographic conditions established during Termination V. References: Bauch, H.A., Erlenkeuser, H., Helmke, J.P., Struck, U., 2000. Global Planetary Change 24: 27-39. Baumann, K.-H., and Freitag, T., 2004. Marine Micropaleontology 52: 195-215. Droxler, A.W., Bruce, C.H., Sager, W.W., Watkins, D.H., 1988Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results 101: 221-244. Giraudeau, J., Monteiro, P.M.S., Nikodemus, K., 1993. Mar. Micropalaeontol. 22: 93- 110. Hodell, D. A., Charles, C. D., Ninnemann, U. S., 2000. Global and Planetary Change 24: 7-26. McIntyre, A., and Bè, A.H.W., 1967. Deep-Sea Res. 14, pp. 561-597. Raynaud, D., Barnola, J.M., Souchez, R., Lorrain, R., Petit, J.R., Duval, P., Lipenkov, V.Y., 2005. Nature 436: 39-40. Voelker, A. H. L. , Rodrigues, T., Stein, R., Hefter, J., Billups, K., Oppo, D., McManus, J., And Grimalt, J. O., 2009. Clim. Past Discuss., 5: 1-55. Winter, A., and Siesser, W., 1994. Cambridge University Press Cambridge 242p.

Paleo-productivity changes revealed by spectral analysis performed on coccoliths assemblages

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Palumbo, Eliana; Ornella Amore, Filomena; Perugia, Carmen

2010-05-01

functions plus a new function created in order to evaluate cross-wavelet power spectra. Auto-spectral analysis aims to describe the distribution of variance contained in each single signal over frequency or wavelength, while cross-spectral analysis correlates two time series in the frequency domain (Trauth, 2009). We have performed spectral analyses using the complex Fourier transform and the Short time Fourier transform. Both the transforms lose any kind of time information in transforming the signal from time to frequency domain (Jenkins and Watt, 1968). These transforms don't allow us to individuate when an event occurred in the past. In order to overcome this limit we have also applied Wavelet analysis which represents frequency content of a signal over the time thus it allows us to visualize when an event occurred into time domain (Torrence and Compo, 1998; Prokoph and El Bilali, 2008; Grinsted et al., 2004). Moreover we have performed a simple cross and a cross-spectral analysis between different proxy groups to discover their possible correlations into time and frequency domains. References. Berger, A., 1978. J. Atmos. Sc., 35 (12): 2362-2367. Baumann, K.-H., and Freitag, T., 2004. Marine Micropaleontology 52: 195-215. Giraudeau, J., Monteiro, P.M.S., Nikodemus, K., 1993. Mar. Micropalaeontol. 22: 93- 110. Grinsted, A., Moore, J. C., and Jevrejeva, S., 2004. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 11: 561-566. Huybers, P., 2006. Science 313: 508-511. Jenkins, G. M., and Watt, D. G., 1968. Holden Day, pp. 410, Oakland. Loutre, M. F., Paillard, D., Vimeux, F., and Cortijo, E., 2004. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 221, 1-14. McIntyre, A., and Bè, A.H.W., 1967. Deep-Sea Res. 14, pp. 561-597. Prokoph, A., and El Bilali, H., 2008. Math Geosciences 40: 575-586. Torrence, C., and Compo, G. P., 1998. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society 79:61-78. Trauth, M.H., 2009. Springer 288 p. Winter, A., and Siesser, W., 1994. Cambridge University Press 242 p.