The Development and Validation of a Life Experience Inventory for the Identification of Creative Electrical Engineers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Michael, William B.; Colson, Kenneth R.

1979-01-01

The construction and validation of the Life Experience Inventory (LEI) for the identification of creative electrical engineers are described. Using the number of patents held or pending as a criterion measure, the LEI was found to have high concurrent validity. (JKS)

Effects of frequency- and direction-dependent elastic materials on linearly elastic MRE image reconstructions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Perreard, I. M.; Pattison, A. J.; Doyley, M.; McGarry, M. D. J.; Barani, Z.; Van Houten, E. E.; Weaver, J. B.; Paulsen, K. D.

2010-11-01

The mechanical model commonly used in magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is linear elasticity. However, soft tissue may exhibit frequency- and direction-dependent (FDD) shear moduli in response to an induced excitation causing a purely linear elastic model to provide an inaccurate image reconstruction of its mechanical properties. The goal of this study was to characterize the effects of reconstructing FDD data using a linear elastic inversion (LEI) algorithm. Linear and FDD phantoms were manufactured and LEI images were obtained from time-harmonic MRE acquisitions with variations in frequency and driving signal amplitude. LEI responses to artificially imposed uniform phase shifts in the displacement data from both purely linear elastic and FDD phantoms were also evaluated. Of the variety of FDD phantoms considered, LEI appeared to tolerate viscoelastic data-model mismatch better than deviations caused by poroelastic and anisotropic mechanical properties in terms of visual image contrast. However, the estimated shear modulus values were substantially incorrect relative to independent mechanical measurements even in the successful viscoelastic cases and the variations in mean values with changes in experimental conditions associated with uniform phase shifts, driving signal frequency and amplitude were unpredictable. Overall, use of LEI to reconstruct data acquired in phantoms with FDD material properties provided biased results under the best conditions and significant artifacts in the worst cases. These findings suggest that the success with which LEI is applied to MRE data in tissue will depend on the underlying mechanical characteristics of the tissues and/or organs systems of clinical interest.

Effects of frequency- and direction-dependent elastic materials on linearly elastic MRE image reconstructions.

PubMed

Perreard, I M; Pattison, A J; Doyley, M; McGarry, M D J; Barani, Z; Van Houten, E E; Weaver, J B; Paulsen, K D

2010-11-21

The mechanical model commonly used in magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is linear elasticity. However, soft tissue may exhibit frequency- and direction-dependent (FDD) shear moduli in response to an induced excitation causing a purely linear elastic model to provide an inaccurate image reconstruction of its mechanical properties. The goal of this study was to characterize the effects of reconstructing FDD data using a linear elastic inversion (LEI) algorithm. Linear and FDD phantoms were manufactured and LEI images were obtained from time-harmonic MRE acquisitions with variations in frequency and driving signal amplitude. LEI responses to artificially imposed uniform phase shifts in the displacement data from both purely linear elastic and FDD phantoms were also evaluated. Of the variety of FDD phantoms considered, LEI appeared to tolerate viscoelastic data-model mismatch better than deviations caused by poroelastic and anisotropic mechanical properties in terms of visual image contrast. However, the estimated shear modulus values were substantially incorrect relative to independent mechanical measurements even in the successful viscoelastic cases and the variations in mean values with changes in experimental conditions associated with uniform phase shifts, driving signal frequency and amplitude were unpredictable. Overall, use of LEI to reconstruct data acquired in phantoms with FDD material properties provided biased results under the best conditions and significant artifacts in the worst cases. These findings suggest that the success with which LEI is applied to MRE data in tissue will depend on the underlying mechanical characteristics of the tissues and/or organs systems of clinical interest.

Classification of Encrypted Web Traffic Using Machine Learning Algorithms

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

DPI devices to block certain websites; Yu, Cong, Chen, and Lei [52] suggest hashing the domains of pornographic and illegal websites so ISPs can...Zhenming Lei. “Blocking pornographic , illegal websites by internet host domain using FPGA and Bloom Filter”. Network Infrastructure and Digital Content

Evaluation of a 12-week lifestyle education intervention with or without partial meal replacement in Thai adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome: a randomised trial.

PubMed

Chaiyasoot, Kusuma; Sarasak, Rungnapha; Pheungruang, Banchamaphon; Dawilai, Suwitcha; Pramyothin, Pornpoj; Boonyasiri, Adhiratha; Supapueng, Orawan; Jassil, Friedrich C; Yamwong, Preyanuj; Batterham, Rachel L

2018-04-25

There have been no studies examining the efficacy of meal replacement (MR) on weight loss and metabolic syndrome (MS) improvement in Southeast Asians. Thus, we undertook a 12-week randomised trial to evaluate the effect of a lifestyle education intervention alone (LEI) or with partial MR (LEI + MR) in obese Thai adults with MS. A total of 110 patients were randomised to receive either LEI or LEI + MR. Both groups received LEI to achieve weight loss. LEI + MR group additionally received two MR daily to replace either breakfast, lunch or dinner. Mean ± SE body mass index of all participants was 34.6 ± 0.6 kg/m 2 , mean ± SE age was 42.5 ± 1.1 years and 83% of patients were female. Both groups were compared for anthropometric and cardiometabolic indices at 12-week. Body weight was also compared at weeks 38 and 64. At 12 weeks, both groups exhibited statistically significant percentage weight loss (%WL) compared to initial weight but greater %WL was observed in LEI + MR compared to LEI, 2.9% vs. 1.5%, respectively (p < 0.05). MS criteria such as waist circumference and blood pressure improved significantly in both groups compared to baseline. However, improvement in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was only significant in LEI + MR, and more participants with impaired FPG at baseline in LEI + MR (42.9%) than LEI (19%) returned to normal FPG at 12 weeks (p < 0.05). HbA 1c , fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in LEI + MR were significantly lower than with LEI. At the end of the 12-week intervention period, 16% of participants no longer fulfilled MS criteria. A statistically significant weight loss from baseline persisted until 38 weeks but no longer reached statistically significant difference between groups CONCLUSIONS: LEI and LEI + MR were acceptable and led to improvement in weight and MS. LEI + MR group exhibited additional weight reduction and glycemic benefits at 12 weeks.

Toward an Alternative Learning Environment Interface for Learning Management Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abdous, M'hammed

2013-01-01

An effective learning environment interface (LEI) is a means to enable students to focus on learning and to understand content, while establishing connections and relationships among course activities. Using this fundamental premise, we propose a flexible, user-centered, and seamless LEI which is intended to remediate the fragmented interface…

Limits to Sensitivity in Laser Enhanced Ionization.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Travis, J. C.

1982-01-01

Laser enhanced ionization (LEI) occurs when a tunable dye laser is used to excite a specific atomic population in a flame. Explores the origin of LEI's high sensitivity and identifies possible avenues to higher sensitivity by describing instrument used and experimental procedures and discussing ion formation/detection. (Author/JN)

Measuring Learning Resistance to Workplace Training

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Jonathan E.; Lounsbury, John

2016-01-01

Training Transfer has been a topic bearing considerable mention over the past several decades. This article focuses on the connection between training transfer and learning resistance and presents research findings describing the design, creation, and testing of the Learning Efficiency Inventory (LEI). The LEI was designed to measure learning…

Item Construction and Psychometric Models Appropriate for Constructed Responses

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-08-01

which involve only one attribute per item. This is especially true when we are dealing with constructed-response items, we have to measure much more...Service University of Ilinois Educacional Testing Service Rosedal Road Capign. IL 61801 Princeton. K3 08541 Princeton. N3 08541 Dr. Charles LeiS Dr

When Giants Turn Up: Sighting Trends, Environmental Influences and Habitat Use of the Manta Ray Manta alfredi at a Coral Reef

PubMed Central

Jaine, Fabrice R. A.; Couturier, Lydie I. E.; Weeks, Scarla J.; Townsend, Kathy A.; Bennett, Michael B.; Fiora, Kym; Richardson, Anthony J.

2012-01-01

Manta rays Manta alfredi are present all year round at Lady Elliot Island (LEI) in the southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia, with peaks in abundance during autumn and winter. Drivers influencing these fluctuations in abundance of M. alfredi at the site remain uncertain. Based on daily count, behavioural, weather and oceanographic data collected over a three-year period, this study examined the link between the relative number of sightings of manta rays at LEI, the biophysical environment, and the habitat use of individuals around the LEI reef using generalised additive models. The response variable in each of the three generalised additive models was number of sightings (per trip at sea) of cruising, cleaning or foraging M. alfredi. We used a set of eleven temporal, meteorological, biological, oceanographic and lunar predictor variables. Results for cruising, cleaning and foraging M. alfredi explained 27.5%, 32.8% and 36.3% of the deviance observed in the respective models and highlighted five predictors (year, day of year, wind speed, chlorophyll-a concentration and fraction of moon illuminated) as common influences to the three models. There were more manta rays at LEI in autumn and winter, slower wind speeds, higher productivity, and around the new and full moon. The winter peak in sightings of foraging M. alfredi was found to precede peaks in cleaning and cruising activity around the LEI reef, which suggests that enhanced food availability may be a principal driver for this seasonal aggregation. A spatial analysis of behavioural observations highlighted several sites around the LEI reef as ‘multi-purpose’ areas where cleaning and foraging activities commonly occur, while the southern end of the reef is primarily a foraging area. The use of extensive citizen science datasets, such as those collected by dive operators in this study, is encouraged as they can provide valuable insights into a species' ecology. PMID:23056255

Sunspots and the Newcomb-Benford Law. (Spanish Title: Manchas Solares y la Ley de Newcomb-Benford.) Manchas Solares e a Lei de Newcomb-Benford

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alves, Mauro A.; Lyra, Cássia S.

2008-12-01

The Newcomb-Benford's Law (LNB) of first digits is introduced to high school students in an extracurricular activity through the study of sunspots. The LNB establishes that the first digits of various sets of data describing natural occurrences are not distributed uniformly, but according to a logarithmic distribution of probability. The LNB is counter-intuitive and is a good example of how mathematics applied to the study of natural phenomena can provide surprising and unexpected results serving also as a motivating agent in the study of physical sciences. En este trabajo se describe una actividad extracurricular donde se presenta a los estudiantes la ley de los primeros dígitos de Newcomb-Benford (LNB) con el estudio de manchas solares. La LNB establece que los primeros dígitos de algunos tipos de dados de ocurrencia natural no están distribuidos en manera uniforme, pero sí de acuerdo con una distribución logarítmica de probabilidad. La LNB es contra-intuitiva y es un excelente ejemplo de como las matemáticas aplicadas al estudio de fenómenos naturales pueden sorprender al estudiante, sirviendo también como elemento motivador en la educación de ciencias y de matemáticas. Este trabalho descreve uma atividade extracurricular na qual a lei dos primeiros dígitos de Newcomb-Benford (LNB) é introduzida a estudantes através do estudo de manchas solares. A LNB estabelece que os primeiros dígitos de vários tipos de conjunto de dados de ocorrência natural não são distribuídos de maneira uniforme, mas sim de acordo com uma distribuição logarítmica de probabilidade. A LNB é contra-intuitiva e é um ótimo exemplo de como a matemática aplicada ao estudo de fenômenos naturais pode fornecer resultados surpreendentes e inesperados, servindo também como um agente motivador no ensino de ciências e matemática.

Non-timber forest products in Hawaii

Treesearch

Katie Kamelamela; James B. Friday; Tamara Ticktin; Ashley Lehman

2015-01-01

Hawaiian forests provide a wide array of non-timber forest products for both traditional and modern uses. Flowers, vines, and ferns are collected for creating garlands or lei for hula dances and parades. Lei made from materials gathered in the forest are made for personal use and sold, especially during graduation times. Bamboo is harvested for structures and for...

The Role of the Telomere End Protection Complex in Telomere Main

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-06-01

identification of putative substrates of ATM kinase family members. J Biol Chem, 1999. 274(53): p. 37538-43. 9. Lei, M., E.R. Podell , P. Baumann, and T.R. Cech...DNA self-recognition in the structure of Pot1 bound to telomeric single-stranded DNA. Nature, 2003. 426(6963): p. 198-203. 10. Lei, M., E.R. Podell

Software Package on Integrated Nonlinear Dynamic Modeling and Field Oriented Control (FOC) of Permanent Magnet (PM) Motor for High Performance Electromechanical Actuators (EMAs)

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

Louis Chow, David Woodburn, Lei Zhou, Jared Bindl, Yang Hu, and Wendell Brokaw University of Central Florida JANUARY 2011 Interim Report...Magnet (PM) Motor % % Written in SI or MKS Unit System. % % Authors: % David Woodburn % Dr. Lei Zhou % Dr. Thomas X. Wu clear all...Initial phase winding resistance [ ohm ] id = 0; % Phase d current [A] iq = 0; % Phase q current [A] did_dt = 0

Giga-Hertz Electromagnetic Wave Science and Devices for Advanced Battlefield Communications

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-15

Yeal Song, Lei Lu , Zihui Wang, Yiyan Sun, and Joshua Bevivino, Seminar in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the University of...Celinski, “Spin wave resonance excitation in ferromagnetic films using planar waveguide structures”, J. Appl. Phys. 108, 023907 (2010) 6. Zihui ...Young-Yeal Song, Yiyan Sun, Lei Lu , Joshua Bevivino, and Mingzhong Wu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 173502 (2010). 12. “Electric-field control of ferromagnetic

Perceptions of Regime Legitimacy in Mozambique: Legitimacy in Transition?

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-09-01

West Africa Since Independence (Lagos: Lagos University Press, 1988) 170 . 52 James S. Wunsch and Dan Ottemoeller in Dele Olowu and James S. Wunsch...Ultramarina (RAU), aprovada pelo Decreto –Lei n. ˚23229, de 15 de Novembro de 1933. “Em cada uma das regedorias, a autoridade sobre as populações...2001. Artigo 94 da Reforma Adminsitrativa Ultramarina (RAU), aprovada pelo Decreto –Lei n. ˚23229, de 15 de Novembro de 1933. Ayittey, George B

Charge-Coupled Devices for Analog Signal Processing -- A Circuit Study

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-03-01

FNG( T+H/2) ) /H (X2»Y3»Z2) 1*2*K2-^2*K3*’ɜ) /o.3 ECK TO SEE IF IT’S TIME TO PRINT OUT. SGN(L)*1.’.5E-9>=i^«𔃽 THEN 1120 80 ^^^^ LEI rt=b 113^ LEI a...DISTRIBUTION LIST No. Copies 1. Defense Docmnentation Center 2 Cameron Station Alexandria, Virginia 22314 2. Library, Code 0212 2 Naval Postgraduate School

Magnetic Soliton, Homotopy and Higgs Theory,

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-04-24

OD-AL67 366 NAGETIC SOLITON ONOTOPY ND HIGGS THEORY(U) FOREIGNI n1/ 1TECHNOLOGY D V NRIGHT-PATTERSON AFD ON Y LI ET AL. UNCLSSIIED24 APR 86 FTD-ID...MAGNETIC SOLITON, HOMOTOPY AND HIGGS THEORY by Li Yuanjie and Lei Shizu *. . * . .%..**% . . .-..C./ ~~~Approved for public release; -," Distribution...HOMOTOPY AND HIGGS THEORY By: Li Yuanjie and Lei Shizu English pages: 9 Source: Huazhong Gongxueyuan Xuebao, Vol. 11, Nr. 6, 1983, pp. 65-70 Country of

JPRS Report China.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-12

This was especially true after Feng Baiju [7458 4101 7467] became the local master. Local cadres feel a kind of mistrust toward cadres from other...provinces. They do not feel that way, however, toward Lei Yu. Many local cadre want Lei Yu to come back and run Hainan. The long-standing cadre said...GUOJIZHANWANG [WORLD OUTLOOK] in Chinese No 13, 5 Jul 88 pp 19-21 [Article by Liu Guangqing [2692 0342 7230]: "Glasnost Enters the Field of Soviet

Health related quality of life and return to work after minor extremity injuries: A longitudinal study comparing upper versus lower extremity injuries.

PubMed

Sluys, Kerstin Prignitz; Shults, Justine; Richmond, Therese S

2016-04-01

To investigate the impact on health related quality of life (HRQL) during the first year after minor extremity injury and to determine whether there is a difference in recovery patterns and return to work between upper extremity injuries (UEI) and lower extremity injuries (LEI). A total of 181 adults' age 18 years or older randomly selected from patients admitted to an emergency department with minor injuries were studied. HRQL was measured using the Functional Status Questionnaire (FSQ) at 1-2 weeks, 3, 6, and 12-months post-injury. Pre-injury FSQ scores were measured retrospectively at admission. A quasi-least square (QLS) model was constructed to examine differences of FSQ scores at each measuring point for UEI and LEI. Fractures of the knee/lower leg (25%) were the most frequently injured body area. Slips or falls (57%) and traffic-related events (22%) were the most common injury causes. The mean ISS was 4.2 (SD 0.86). Both groups had significant declines in the FSQ scores physical and social functioning at 1-2 weeks after injury. Patients with UEI made larger improvements in the first 3 months post-injury versus patients with LEI whose improvements extended over the first 6 months. None of the groups reached the pre-injury FSQ scores during the first post-injury year except in the subscale work performance where UEI exceeded the pre-injury scores. At 12 months post-injury, significant lower FSQ scores remained in the LEI group compared to the UEI group in intermediate activities of daily living (p=0.036, d 0.4) and work performance (p=0.004, d 0.7). The return to work at 3 months and 12 months were 76% and 88% for UEI and 58% and 77% for LEI. No significant differences were found between groups in the FSQ scale mental health and social interaction. LEI had the highest impact on HRQL and return to work during the first year which exceeded the consequences of UEI. These findings contribute to the information about the consequences of injury in order to give

Health related quality of life and return to work after minor extremity injuries: A longitudinal study comparing upper versus lower extremity injuries

PubMed Central

Sluys, Kerstin Prignitz; Shults, Justine; Richmond, Therese S.

2016-01-01

Purpose To investigate the impact on health related quality of life (HRQL) during the first year after minor extremity injury and to determine whether there is a difference in recovery patterns and return to work between upper extremity injuries (UEI) and lower extremity injuries (LEI). Method A total of 181 adults’ age 18 years or older randomly selected from patients admitted to an emergency department with minor injuries were studied. HRQL was measured using the Functional Status Questionnaire (FSQ) at 1–2 weeks, 3, 6, and 12-months post-injury. Pre-injury FSQ scores were measured retrospectively at admission. A quasi-least square (QLS) model was constructed to examine differences of FSQ scores at each measuring point for UEI and LEI. Results Fractures of the knee/lower leg (25%) were the most frequently injured body area. Slips or falls (57%) and traffic-related events (22%) were the most common injury causes. The mean ISS was 4.2 (SD 0.86). Both groups had significant declines in the FSQ scores physical and social functioning at 1–2 weeks after injury. Patients with UEI made larger improvements in the first 3 months post-injury versus patients with LEI whose improvements extended over the first 6 months. None of the groups reached the pre-injury FSQ scores during the first post-injury year except in the subscale work performance where UEI exceeded the pre-injury scores. At 12 months post-injury, significant lower FSQ scores remained in the LEI group compared to the UEI group in intermediate activities of daily living (p=0.036, d 0.4) and work performance (p=0.004, d 0.7). The return to work at 3 months and 12 months were 76% and 88% for UEI and 58% and 77% for LEI. No significant differences were found between groups in the FSQ scale mental health and social interaction. Conclusions LEI had the highest impact on HRQL and return to work during the first year which exceeded the consequences of UEI. These findings contribute to the information about the

Social Contributions to the Equilibration of Action Schemes: A Longitudinal Study of Locomotion.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lightfoot, Cynthia

According to Jaan Valsiner, development takes place within culturally structured environments jointly organized by the activities of children and the people around them. When overlap between promoted activity and the child's zone of proximal development exists, the structure of action that results from the interplay of the two is internalized by…

Impact on global metal flows arising from the use of portable rechargeable batteries.

PubMed

Rydh, Carl Johan; Svärd, Bo

2003-01-20

The use of portable rechargeable battery cells and their effects on global metal flows were assessed or the following three cases: (1) the base case, which reflects the situation in 1999 of the global production of batteries; (2) the global production of portable nickel-cadmium batteries in 1999, assumed to be replaced by other battery types; and (3) assessment of the projected battery market in 2009. The study included the following battery technologies: nickel-cadmium (NiCd); nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) (AB(5), AB(2)); and lithium-based batteries (Li-ion: Co, Ni, Mn; Li-polymer: V). Based on the lithospheric extraction indicator (LEI), which is the ratio of anthropogenic to natural metal flows, and the significance of battery production related to global metal mining, the potential environmental impact of metals used in different battery types was evaluated. The LEIs and average metal demand for the battery market in 1999, expressed as a percentage of global mining output in 1999, were estimated to be as follows: Ni 5.6 (2.0%); Cd 4.4 (37%); Li 0.65 (3.8%); V 0.33 (6.5%); Co 0.18 (15%); Nd 0.18 (8.4%); La 0.10 (9.5%); Ce 0.083 (4.4%); and Pr 0.073 (9.4%). The use of Ni and Cd is of the greatest environmental interest, due to their high LEIs. In the case of complete replacement of portable NiCd batteries by NiMH or Li-based batteries, the LEI for Ni (5.6) would change by -0.1-0.5% and the LEI for Cd would decrease from 4.4 to 3.0 (-31%). Meanwhile, the mobilization of metals considered less hazardous than Cd (LEI 0 < 5) would increase less than 7%. Based on this assessment, the replacement of NiCd batteries would result in decreased environmental impact. To decrease the impact on global metal flows arising from the use of portable batteries the following points should be considered: (1) development of battery technologies should aim at high energy density and long service life; (2) metals with high natural occurrence should be used; and (3) metals from disused

Evaluation d'impact sur la santé et évaluation d'impact sur l'équité en santé : éventail de pratiques et questions de recherche.

PubMed

Villeval, Mélanie; Bidault, Elsa; Lang, Thierry

2016-09-01

L'Evaluation d'Impact sur la Santé (EIS) se développe au niveau international et est encore au stade émergent en France. Elle vise à évaluer les effets positifs et négatifs potentiels d'un projet, d'un programme ou d'une politique sur la santé. L'objectif est de produire des recommandations en direction des décideurs, afin d'en maximiser les effets positifs et d'en diminuer les effets négatifs. L'EIS est un moyen particulièrement intéressant d'action sur les déterminants de la santé au-delà des comportements individuels et du système de santé. Les politiques de logement, de transport, de solidarité, économiques, etc. ont, en effet, des impacts souvent non prévus sur la santé. Au-delà des effets sur la santé, l'EIS doit aussi permettre d'apprécier la distribution de ces effets dans la population.Si la préoccupation pour l'équité en santé est centrale dans l'EIS, elle reste cependant difficilement traduite en pratique. Face à cette difficulté, des démarches d'évaluation d'impact ont été développées pour renforcer la prise en compte de l'équité à chaque étape de l'EIS ou « Equity Focused Health Impact Assessment », ou prendre en compte les impacts sur les inégalités de santé de façon spécifique. Ainsi, l'Evaluation de l'Impact sur l'Equité en Santé (EIES) semble, par exemple, particulièrement intéressante pour évaluer l'impact sur les inégalités de projets dans le champ sanitaire.L'EIS et l'EIES posent de nombreuses questions de recherche, notamment autour de la réunion, dans une même démarche, du politique, du citoyen et de l'expert. La participation des populations vulnérables potentiellement affectées par la politique évaluée est une valeur centrale de l'EIS, mais pose des questions d'acceptabilité sociale. La collaboration avec les décideurs politiques est également un enjeu majeur. Les difficultés méthodologiques, notamment de quantification des impacts, peuvent constituer des freins à la promotion

Association of Competition Volume, Club Sports, and Sport Specialization With Sex and Lower Extremity Injury History in High School Athletes.

PubMed

Post, Eric G; Bell, David R; Trigsted, Stephanie M; Pfaller, Adam Y; Hetzel, Scott J; Brooks, M Alison; McGuine, Timothy A

High school athletes are increasingly encouraged to participate in 1 sport year-round to increase their sport skills. However, no study has examined the association of competition volume, club sport participation, and sport specialization with sex and lower extremity injury (LEI) in a large sample of high school athletes. Increased competition volume, participating on a club team outside of school sports, and high levels of specialization will all be associated with a history of LEI. Girls will be more likely to engage in higher competition volume, participate on a club team, and be classified as highly specialized. Cross-sectional study. Level 3. High school athletes completed a questionnaire prior to the start of their competitive season regarding their sport participation and previous injury history. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to investigate associations of competition volume, club sport participation, and sport specialization with history of LEI, adjusting for sex. A cohort of 1544 high school athletes (780 girls; grades 9-12) from 29 high schools completed the questionnaire. Girls were more likely to participate at high competition volume (23.2% vs 11.0%, χ 2 = 84.7, P < 0.001), participate on a club team (61.2% vs 37.2%, χ 2 = 88.3, P < 0.001), and be highly specialized (16.4% vs 10.4%, χ 2 = 19.7, P < 0.001). Athletes with high competition volume, who participated in a club sport, or who were highly specialized had greater odds of reporting a previous LEI than those with low competition volume (odds ratio [OR], 2.08; 95% CI, 1.55-2.80; P < 0.001), no club sport participation (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.20-1.88; P < 0.001), or low specialization (OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.88-3.54; P < 0.001), even after adjusting for sex. Participating in high sport volume, on a club team, or being highly specialized was associated with history of LEI. Girls were more likely to participate at high volumes, be active on club teams, or be highly specialized

A comparison of terahertz-pulsed imaging with transverse microradiography and microhardness to measure mineral changes in enamel after treatment with fluoride dentifrices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Churchley, David; Lippert, Frank; Lynch, Richard; Alton, Jesse; Gonzalez-Cabezas, C.; Eder, J.

2009-02-01

The aim of this study was to determine the ability of Terahertz Pulsed Imaging (TPI) to measure mineral changes in enamel lesions during de/remineralisation studies. A comparison was made between transverse microradiography (TMR) and microhardness measurements. Artificial lesions were formed in bovine enamel using a solution of 0.1 M lactic acid (pH 5.0) containing 0.2% Carbopol C907 and 50% saturated with hydroxyapatite. The 20 day experimental protocol consisted of four, one-minute treatment periods with dentifrices containing 10, 675, 1385 and 2700ppm fluoride, a 4 h/day acid challenge, and for the remaining time specimens were stored in a 50:50 pooled human / artificial saliva mixture. Terahertz images were generated by positioning the specimens at the focus of the beam and raster scanning the optics to collect the reflections from the air / enamel (AEI) and lesion / enamel (LEI) interface. Significant differences were observed in the intensity change from baseline of the AEI and LEI reflections upon treatment with the four dentifrices. A linear correlation was observed between ΔAEI vs ΔVHN (r2 = 0.997), ΔAEI vs ΔKHN (r2 =0.964), ΔII (ratio of LEI to AEI) vs ΔΔZ (r2 =0.875) and ΔLEI vs ΔΔZ (r2 =0.870). Statistically significant correlations (p<0.05 Pearson correlation coefficient) were also found between the TPI and microhardness / microradiography data. This study has demonstrated that TPI is a useful technology to measure in vitro (and possibly in situ) mineral changes in enamel and is sufficiently sensitive to discriminate between the levels of remineralization produced by the different dentifrices.

Identifying Ethical Issues in Mental Health Research with Minors Adolescents: Results of a Delphi Study

PubMed Central

Hiriscau, Elisabeta Ioana; Stingelin-Giles, Nicola; Wasserman, Danuta; Reiter-Theil, Stella

2016-01-01

Research with minors, especially for preventive purposes, e.g., suicide prevention, investigating risk or self-destructive behaviors such as deviance, drug abuse, or suicidal behavior, is ethically sensitive. We present a Delphi study exploring the ethical implications of the needs formulated by researchers in an international pre-conference who would benefit from ethics support and guidance in conducting Mental Health Research with minors. The resulting List of Ethical Issues (LEI) was submitted to a 2-rounds Delphi process via the Internet, including 34 multidisciplinary experts. In the first round, the experts reviewed the LEI and completed a questionnaire. Results from this round were analyzed and grouped in nine categories comprising 40 items. In the second round, the experts had to agree/disagree with the needs expressed in the LEI leading to a final list of 25 ethical issues considered relevant for Mental Health Research with minors such as: confidentiality of the sensitive data, competence for consenting alone and risk of harm and stigma related to the methodology used in research. It was shown that studies like SEYLE (Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe) trigger among researchers wishes to obtain specific recommendations helping to comply with standards for good practice in conducting research with minors. PMID:27187425

Comparative study on the copper activation and xanthate adsorption on sphalerite and marmatite surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Jian; Wang, Yu; Luo, Deqiang; Chen, Luzheng; Deng, Jiushuai

2018-05-01

The copper activation and potassium butyl xanthate (PBX) adsorption on sphalerite and marmatite surfaces were comparatively investigated using in situ local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and surface adsorption tests. Comparing the LEIS and surface adsorption results, it was found that the activation time is a key factor influencing the copper activation and PBX adsorption on marmatite surface, but it has a negligible influence on sphalerite. For a short activation time within 10 min, the Fe impurity in marmatite shows an adverse influence on the speed of Cu adsorption and ion exchange as well as on the subsequent PBX adsorption. For a long activation time of 30 min, the LEIS, ToF-SIMS and surface adsorption results suggested that the Fe impurity in marmatite enhances the copper adsorption, whereas such enhanced copper adsorption of marmatite cannot result in corresponding enhancing of PBX adsorption. DFT result showed that the Fe impurity in marmatite has harmful influence on the PBX interaction with the Cu-activated surface by increasing the interaction energy. ToF-SIMS result further indicated that the Cu distribution in the outermost surface of marmatite is less than that of the sphalerite, which also results in the less PBX adsorption for the marmatite.

Identifying Ethical Issues in Mental Health Research with Minors Adolescents: Results of a Delphi Study.

PubMed

Hiriscau, Elisabeta Ioana; Stingelin-Giles, Nicola; Wasserman, Danuta; Reiter-Theil, Stella

2016-05-11

Research with minors, especially for preventive purposes, e.g., suicide prevention, investigating risk or self-destructive behaviors such as deviance, drug abuse, or suicidal behavior, is ethically sensitive. We present a Delphi study exploring the ethical implications of the needs formulated by researchers in an international pre-conference who would benefit from ethics support and guidance in conducting Mental Health Research with minors. The resulting List of Ethical Issues (LEI) was submitted to a 2-rounds Delphi process via the Internet, including 34 multidisciplinary experts. In the first round, the experts reviewed the LEI and completed a questionnaire. Results from this round were analyzed and grouped in nine categories comprising 40 items. In the second round, the experts had to agree/disagree with the needs expressed in the LEI leading to a final list of 25 ethical issues considered relevant for Mental Health Research with minors such as: confidentiality of the sensitive data, competence for consenting alone and risk of harm and stigma related to the methodology used in research. It was shown that studies like SEYLE (Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe) trigger among researchers wishes to obtain specific recommendations helping to comply with standards for good practice in conducting research with minors.

Association of Competition Volume, Club Sports, and Sport Specialization With Sex and Lower Extremity Injury History in High School Athletes

PubMed Central

Post, Eric G.; Bell, David R.; Trigsted, Stephanie M.; Pfaller, Adam Y.; Hetzel, Scott J.; Brooks, M. Alison; McGuine, Timothy A.

2017-01-01

Background: High school athletes are increasingly encouraged to participate in 1 sport year-round to increase their sport skills. However, no study has examined the association of competition volume, club sport participation, and sport specialization with sex and lower extremity injury (LEI) in a large sample of high school athletes. Hypothesis: Increased competition volume, participating on a club team outside of school sports, and high levels of specialization will all be associated with a history of LEI. Girls will be more likely to engage in higher competition volume, participate on a club team, and be classified as highly specialized. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: High school athletes completed a questionnaire prior to the start of their competitive season regarding their sport participation and previous injury history. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to investigate associations of competition volume, club sport participation, and sport specialization with history of LEI, adjusting for sex. Results: A cohort of 1544 high school athletes (780 girls; grades 9-12) from 29 high schools completed the questionnaire. Girls were more likely to participate at high competition volume (23.2% vs 11.0%, χ2 = 84.7, P < 0.001), participate on a club team (61.2% vs 37.2%, χ2 = 88.3, P < 0.001), and be highly specialized (16.4% vs 10.4%, χ2 = 19.7, P < 0.001). Athletes with high competition volume, who participated in a club sport, or who were highly specialized had greater odds of reporting a previous LEI than those with low competition volume (odds ratio [OR], 2.08; 95% CI, 1.55-2.80; P < 0.001), no club sport participation (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.20-1.88; P < 0.001), or low specialization (OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.88-3.54; P < 0.001), even after adjusting for sex. Conclusion: Participating in high sport volume, on a club team, or being highly specialized was associated with history of LEI. Girls were more likely to

Psychometric Properties of Newly Translated Spanish Life Events Inventory and Daily Hassles Scale.

PubMed

Hannan, Jean; Youngblut, JoAnne M; Brooten, Dorothy; Bazzani, Dianne; Romero, Norma R; Chavez, Blanca; Picanes, Joann

2015-01-01

Measuring stress in Hispanic Americans, the fastest growing U.S. minority, is problematic. The Life Events Inventory (LEI) and the Daily Hassles Scale (DHS), widely used stress instruments, are not available in Spanish. To test the psychometric properties of the translated Spanish versions of the LEI and DHS. A convenience sample of 63 Hispanic women completed both instruments in Spanish and English 2 weeks apart. Internal consistency reliability and stability were strong for both instruments (.85-.97). Reliability and validity evidence for the translated Spanish versions were strong and similar to the English version. Psychometric findings suggest that the newly translated Spanish versions are good representations of the English versions and that these newly translated instruments are ready for use.

77 FR 39208 - Information Collection: Ride-Along Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-02

... service, and provide LE&I personnel a recruitment tool. A rider shall complete two forms in order to participate. Form FS-5300-33 asks for the participant's name, address, social security number, driver's...

AtlasCBS: a web server to map and explore chemico-biological space

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cortés-Cabrera, Álvaro; Morreale, Antonio; Gago, Federico; Abad-Zapatero, Celerino

2012-09-01

New approaches are needed that can help decrease the unsustainable failure in small-molecule drug discovery. Ligand Efficiency Indices (LEI) are making a great impact on early-stage compound selection and prioritization. Given a target-ligand database with chemical structures and associated biological affinities/activities for a target, the AtlasCBS server generates two-dimensional, dynamical representations of its contents in terms of LEI. These variables allow an effective decoupling of the chemical (angular) and biological (radial) components. BindingDB, PDBBind and ChEMBL databases are currently implemented. Proprietary datasets can also be uploaded and compared. The utility of this atlas-like representation in the future of drug design is highlighted with some examples. The web server can be accessed at http://ub.cbm.uam.es/atlascbs and https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/atlascbs.

AtlasCBS: a web server to map and explore chemico-biological space.

PubMed

Cortés-Cabrera, Alvaro; Morreale, Antonio; Gago, Federico; Abad-Zapatero, Celerino

2012-09-01

New approaches are needed that can help decrease the unsustainable failure in small-molecule drug discovery. Ligand Efficiency Indices (LEI) are making a great impact on early-stage compound selection and prioritization. Given a target-ligand database with chemical structures and associated biological affinities/activities for a target, the AtlasCBS server generates two-dimensional, dynamical representations of its contents in terms of LEI. These variables allow an effective decoupling of the chemical (angular) and biological (radial) components. BindingDB, PDBBind and ChEMBL databases are currently implemented. Proprietary datasets can also be uploaded and compared. The utility of this atlas-like representation in the future of drug design is highlighted with some examples. The web server can be accessed at http://ub.cbm.uam.es/atlascbs and https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/atlascbs.

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 blockade attenuates inflammatory response and improves microvascular perfusion in rat pancreas grafts.

PubMed

Preissler, Gerhard; Eichhorn, Martin; Waldner, Helmut; Winter, Hauke; Kleespies, Axel; Massberg, Steffen

2012-10-01

After pancreas transplantation (PTx), early capillary malperfusion and leukocyte recruitment indicate the manifestation of severe ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Oscillatory blood-flow redistribution (intermittent capillary perfusion, IP), leading to an overall decrease in erythrocyte flux, precedes complete microvascular perfusion failure with persistent blood flow cessation. We addressed the role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) for leukocyte-endothelial interactions (LEIs) after PTx and evaluated the contribution of IP and malperfusion. Pancreas transplantation was performed in rats after 18-hour preservation, receiving either isotype-matched IgG or monoclonal anti-ICAM-1 antibodies (10 mg/kg intravenously) once before reperfusion. Leukocyte-endothelial interaction, IP, erythrocyte flux, and functional capillary density, respectively, were examined in vivo during 2-hour reperfusion. Nontransplanted animals served as controls. Tissue samples were analyzed by histomorphometry. In grafts of IgG-treated animals, IP was encountered already at an early stage after reperfusion and steadily increased over 2 hours, whereas erythrocyte flux declined continuously. In contrast, inhibition of ICAM-1 significantly improved erythrocyte flux and delayed IP appearance by 2 hours. Further, anti-ICAM-1 significantly reduced LEI and leukocyte tissue infiltration when compared to IgG; edema development was less pronounced in response to anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 blockade significantly attenuates IRI via immediate reduction of LEI and concomitant improvement of capillary perfusion patterns, emphasizing its central role during IRI in PTx.

Real-time digital signal processing for live electro-optic imaging.

PubMed

Sasagawa, Kiyotaka; Kanno, Atsushi; Tsuchiya, Masahiro

2009-08-31

We present an imaging system that enables real-time magnitude and phase detection of modulated signals and its application to a Live Electro-optic Imaging (LEI) system, which realizes instantaneous visualization of RF electric fields. The real-time acquisition of magnitude and phase images of a modulated optical signal at 5 kHz is demonstrated by imaging with a Si-based high-speed CMOS image sensor and real-time signal processing with a digital signal processor. In the LEI system, RF electric fields are probed with light via an electro-optic crystal plate and downconverted to an intermediate frequency by parallel optical heterodyning, which can be detected with the image sensor. The artifacts caused by the optics and the image sensor characteristics are corrected by image processing. As examples, we demonstrate real-time visualization of electric fields from RF circuits.

76 FR 34066 - Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement/Legislative Environmental Impact...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-10

.../Legislative Environmental Impact Statement (EIS/LEIS) to evaluate the potential environmental effects... allow the DoN to continue defense-related research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) and... high hazard training area for aerial gunnery, rocketry, electronic warfare and countermeasures, and...

RADON REMOVAL BY POINT-OF-ENTRY GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON SYSTEMS: DESIGN PERFORMANCE AND COST

EPA Science Inventory

The report summarizes previous research conducted by Lowry Engineering, Inc. (LEI), the Maine Department of Human Services, Division of Health Engineering, and the University of Maine, Department of Civil Engineering, on the removal of Rn from drinking water supplies using granul...

BIOINSPIRED DESIGN AND DIRECTED EVOLUTION OF IRON CONTAINING ENZYMES FOR GREENSYNTHETIC PROCESSES AND BIOREMEDIATION

EPA Science Inventory

SU833912
Title: Bioinspired Design and Directed Evolution of Iron Containing Enzymes for Green Synthetic Processes and BioremediationEdward I. Solomon, Shaun D. Wong, Lei Liu, Caleb B. Bell, IIICynthia Nolt-Helms
Project Period: August 15, 2008 - August 14,...

Lunar Quest in Second Life, Lunar Exploration Island, Phase II

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ireton, F. M.; Day, B. H.; Mitchell, B.; Hsu, B. C.

2010-12-01

Linden Lab’s Second Life is a virtual 3D metaverse created by users. At any one time there may be 40,000-50,000 users on line. Users develop a persona and are seen on screen as a human figure or avatar. Avatars move through Second Life by walking, flying, or teleporting. Users form communities or groups of mutual interest such as music, computer graphics, and education. These groups communicate via e-mail, voice, and text within Second Life. Information on downloading the Second Life browser and joining can be found on the Second Life website: www.secondlife.com. This poster details Phase II in the development of Lunar Exploration Island (LEI) located in Second Life. Phase I LEI highlighted NASA’s LRO/LCROSS mission. Avatars enter LEI via teleportation arriving at a hall of flight housing interactive exhibits on the LRO/ LCROSS missions including full size models of the two spacecraft and launch vehicle. Storyboards with information about the missions interpret the exhibits while links to external websites provide further information on the mission, both spacecraft’s instrument suites, and related EPO. Other lunar related activities such as My Moon and NLSI EPO programs. A special exhibit was designed for International Observe the Moon Night activities with links to websites for further information. The sim includes several sites for meetings, a conference stage to host talks, and a screen for viewing NASATV coverage of mission and other televised events. In Phase II exhibits are updated to reflect on-going lunar exploration highlights, discoveries, and future missions. A new section of LEI has been developed to showcase NASA’s Lunar Quest program. A new exhibit hall with Lunar Quest information has been designed and is being populated with Lunar Quest information, spacecraft models (LADEE is in place) and kiosks. A two stage interactive demonstration illustrates lunar phases with static and 3-D stations. As NASA’s Lunar Quest program matures further

Subsurface segregation of yttria in yttria stabilized zirconia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Ridder, M.; van Welzenis, R. G.; van der Gon, A. W. Denier; Brongersma, H. H.; Wulff, S.; Chu, W.-F.; Weppner, W.

2002-09-01

The segregation behavior in 3 and 10 mol % polycrystalline yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), calcined at temperatures ranging from 300 to 1600 degC, is characterized using low-energy ion scattering (LEIS). In order to be able to separate the Y and Zr LEIS signals, YSZ samples have been prepared using isotopically enriched 94ZrO2 instead of natural zirconia. The samples are made via a special precipitation method at a low temperature. The segregation to the outermost surface layer is dominated by impurities. The increased impurity levels are restricted to this first layer, which underlines the importance of the use of LEIS for this study. For temperatures of 1000 degC and higher, the oxides of the impurities Na, Si, and Ca even cover the surface completely. The performance of a device like the solid oxide fuel cell which has an YSZ electrolyte and a working temperature around 1000 degC, will, therefore, be strongly hampered by these impurities. The reduction of impurities, to prevent accumulation at the surface, will only be effective if the total impurity bulk concentration can be reduced below the 10 ppm level. Due to the presence of the impurities, yttria cannot accumulate in the outermost layer. It does so, in contrast to the general belief, in the subsurface layer and to much higher concentrations than the values reported previously. The difference in the interfacial free energies of Y2O3 and ZrO2 is determined to be -21plus-or-minus3 kJ/mol.

Low-energy ion-backscattering spectroscopies applied to the determination of surface structure

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yarmoff, J.A.

1985-01-01

Low-Energy Ion Scattering (LEIS) was investigated as a means for determining the geometric structure at a single-crystal surface. A three-dimensional Monte-Carlo computer simulation was developed and applied to existing LEIS data. The binary collision approximation was found to yield satisfactory results in simulating Buck's time-of-flight energy spectra for 2.4 keV Ne/sup +/ scattering from Ni(001). A two-atom-layer model was used in calculations of the azimuthal anisotropy of the ion yield measured by Bernheim and Slodzian for 9.5 keV Ne/sup +/ scattering from Cu(001). The calculations were successful in reproducing most of the features that had been observed in the experiments,more » which shows that this model contained most of the physics required to interpret the data. An apparatus for performing LEIS studies was built, and Low-Energy Ion-Backscattering Angular Distributions (LEIBAD) were collected with 3-20 keV /sup 6/Li/sup +/ incident on Cu(001). For incidence along a low-index Miller axis of the crystal, shadowing effects limited the penetration depth of the elastically scattered ions. However, neutralized Li atoms, which were not filtered out of the scattered yield by the high-pass filter, provided a background characteristic of the bulk. A high-resolution electrostatic analyzer was used to collect impact Collision Ion Scattering Spectroscopy (ICISS) data for 5-keV /sup 6/Li/sup +/ ions to study the Cu(110) and Cu(110) (2 x 1)-0 surfaces.« less

Automated Inspection of Defects in Optical Fiber Connector End Face Using Novel Morphology Approaches.

PubMed

Mei, Shuang; Wang, Yudan; Wen, Guojun; Hu, Yang

2018-05-03

Increasing deployment of optical fiber networks and the need for reliable high bandwidth make the task of inspecting optical fiber connector end faces a crucial process that must not be neglected. Traditional end face inspections are usually performed by manual visual methods, which are low in efficiency and poor in precision for long-term industrial applications. More seriously, the inspection results cannot be quantified for subsequent analysis. Aiming at the characteristics of typical defects in the inspection process for optical fiber end faces, we propose a novel method, “difference of min-max ranking filtering” (DO2MR), for detection of region-based defects, e.g., dirt, oil, contamination, pits, and chips, and a special model, a “linear enhancement inspector” (LEI), for the detection of scratches. The DO2MR is a morphology method that intends to determine whether a pixel belongs to a defective region by comparing the difference of gray values of pixels in the neighborhood around the pixel. The LEI is also a morphology method that is designed to search for scratches at different orientations with a special linear detector. These two approaches can be easily integrated into optical inspection equipment for automatic quality verification. As far as we know, this is the first time that complete defect detection methods for optical fiber end faces are available in the literature. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed DO2MR and LEI models yield good comprehensive performance with high precision and accepted recall rates, and the image-level detection accuracies reach 96.0 and 89.3%, respectively.

78 FR 2378 - Reopening of Public Comment Period for the Draft Environmental Impact Statement/Legislative...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-11

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Navy Reopening of Public Comment Period for the Draft Environmental Impact Statement/Legislative Environmental Impact Statement for Renewal of Naval Air Weapons... Weapons Station China Lake public land withdrawal. A Notice of Availability for the Draft EIS/LEIS was...

A Practical Variation of a Multiple-Schedule Procedure: Brief Schedule-Correlated Stimuli

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tiger, Jeffrey H.; Hanley, Gregory P.; Larsen, Kylie M.

2008-01-01

Multiple schedules using continuous discriminative stimuli have been used to minimize children's disruptive requesting for teacher attention (e.g., colored floral leis; Tiger & Hanley, 2004; Tiger, Hanley, & Heal, 2006). The present study evaluated the effectiveness of, and children's preferences for, two multiple-schedule arrangements in which…

Substrate and fertilizer rate comparison for commercial ornamental ginger production

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Hedychiums (ornamental gingers) belong to the Zingiberaceae family and have showy and fragrant flowers, which are used in leis and perfumery. Hedychium plants are mostly free of major diseases and pests and the essential oils of some species have been found to have insecticidal, antibacterial, and a...

Preparation of clean surfaces and Se vacancy formation in Bi2Se3 by ion bombardment and annealing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Weimin; Zhu, Haoshan; Valles, Connie M.; Yarmoff, Jory A.

2017-08-01

Bismuth Selenide (Bi2Se3) is a topological insulator (TI) with a structure consisting of stacked quintuple layers. Single crystal surfaces are commonly prepared by mechanical cleaving. This work explores the use of low energy Ar+ ion bombardment and annealing (IBA) as an alternative method to produce reproducible and stable Bi2Se3 surfaces under ultra-high vacuum (UHV). It is found that a clean and well-ordered surface can be prepared by a single cycle of 1 keV Ar+ ion bombardment and 30 min of annealing. Low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and detailed low energy ion scattering (LEIS) measurements show no differences between IBA-prepared surfaces and those prepared by in situ cleaving in UHV. Analysis of the LEED patterns shows that the optimal annealing temperature is 450 °C. Angular LEIS scans reveal the formation of surface Se vacancies when the annealing temperature exceeds 520 °C.

US National Economic Security in a Global Market

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

13 (D) the Secretary of Commerce , 14 ( E ) the Secretary of Treasury, 15 (F) the United States Trade Representative, 16 and _ 17 (G) the Director of...OTe F!LE COPY --- National Security Program 00 N US NATIONAL ECONOMIC SECURITY IN A GLOBAL MARKET :I . DTIC ELECTE JAN14 1991 m S E D HARVARD...importantly, will become 5 I I ,,!"C is merica _ _ _ _ 44% 5AlAN leact rustwrthv __ 29% ’,’EST (E7,1RM.’y ,a ]i,- :. . 8 %FFR ANC E - 5% BRITAIN Does Jaan

JPRS Report, China, Qiushi Seeking Truth, No. 5, 1 March 1990.

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-05-03

this way will activities of emulating Lei Feng have a more far-reaching impact and have more long- lasting and exuberant vitality. In activities...national economy. At the same time, we should be sober-minded and realize that the composition of industries was irrational in the course of their

Chinese Vocational Education: Borrowing and Reforming

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Lei; Jiang, Dayuan

2013-01-01

In July 2010 in Beijing, Lei Wang interviewed Professor Dayuan Jiang, Research Fellow at the Ministry of Education's Central Institute for Vocational and Technical Education about how China has drawn from foreign vocational education models and China's own innovation process. Jiang pointed out that Germany's educational philosophy and talent…

Leader Effectiveness Index Manual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moss, Jerome, Jr.; And Others

The "Leader Effectiveness Index (LEI) is a multirater instrument designed to assess the effectiveness of leadership performance of vocational educators. It consists of seven items. The first six items are statements of six broad tasks (or responsibilities) of a leader in vocational education: (1) inspires shared vision and establishes…

The Challenge of Developing Faculty to Teach Leadership as a Secondary Discipline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pennington Weeks, Penny; Weeks, William G.; Barbuto, John E., Jr.; Langone, Christine A.

2009-01-01

In colleges of agriculture leadership education is one area of study where enrollment and demand are outstripping the capacity of institutions to deliver the coursework. However, few faculty members are prepared to teach leadership contextually based in agriculture. Responding to this challenge, the Leadership Education Institute (LEI) for faculty…

Relating Administrators' Training in Technology Integration and Their Attitudes toward Technology in Southeastern Virginia Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Abbie Nicole

2016-01-01

The purpose of the study was to determine if there is a relationship between amount of training administrators receive in technology integration and their attitudes toward technology. Previous research has revealed a relationship between teachers' attitudes (Shiue, 2007; Shoffner, 2009), training (Adcock, 2008; Donnell, 2009; Lei, 2009; Sadik,…

Under the Jade Vault Lei Feng Salutes Mark Twain.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krysl, Marilyn

1984-01-01

The experiences of a teacher who lectured undergraduates in the People's Republic of China on the American short story and taught a refresher course for Chinese teachers of English at the Tianjin Foreign Language Institute are presented. (Author/MLW)

An Examination of Construct Validity for the EARLI Numeracy Skill Measures

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cheng, Weiyi; Lei, Pui-Wa; DiPerna, James C.

2017-01-01

The purpose of the current study was to examine dimensionality and concurrent validity evidence of the EARLI numeracy measures (DiPerna, Morgan, & Lei, 2007), which were developed to assess key skills such as number identification, counting, and basic arithmetic. Two methods (NOHARM with approximate chi-square test and DIMTEST with DETECT…

Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

have an even greater capacity for storing energy versus single-walled nanotubes [11]. A carbon-based aerogel (a composite material) also provides a...more with aerogels ," The Industrial Physicist, vol. 10, pp. 26-30, September 21, 2004. [13] M. Arulepp, J. Leis, M. Latt, F. Miller, K. Rumma, E

Empowering ELLs through Strong Community-School District Partnerships for Enrichment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rivera, Jessica; Donovan-Pendzic, Esperanza; Marion, Mary Jo

2015-01-01

The English Language Learner (ELL) Summer Camp in Worcester, Massachusetts--an intensive six-week program that served middle school and high school students from Worcester Public Schools (WPS)--was the product of a five-way partnership that included the school district, higher education institutions (Latino Education Institute [LEI] at Worcester…

75 FR 78654 - Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-16

... Ocean (entire shoreline of Approximately 1.5 miles None [caret]3 Maui County. the Island of Lanai... [caret]55 southwest of the intersection of Hulopoe Drive and Mauna Lei Drive. Pacific Ocean--Island of Maui....... Southeast corner of the None [caret]4 Maui County. Island of Maui, approximately 670 feet...

Geopathology on May Day: Expressions of Culture on Hawai'i's Elementary School Stages

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steele, Jamie Simpson

2013-01-01

In Hawai'i's elementary schools, May Day programs feature children adorned with flower leis, singing and dancing hula about Hawaiian culture and performing traditions from major ethnic groups who settled the islands. Using the lens of geopathology, this research questions how various groups of residents long for belonging and struggle for…

Fine tuning the ionic liquid-vacuum outer atomic surface using ion mixtures.

PubMed

Villar-Garcia, Ignacio J; Fearn, Sarah; Ismail, Nur L; McIntosh, Alastair J S; Lovelock, Kevin R J

2015-03-28

Ionic liquid-vacuum outer atomic surfaces can be created that are remarkably different from the bulk composition. In this communication we demonstrate, using low-energy ion scattering (LEIS), that for ionic liquid mixtures the outer atomic surface shows significantly more atoms from anions with weaker cation-anion interactions (and vice versa).

Integrating ecosystem sampling, gradient modeling, remote sensing, and ecosystem simulation to create spatially explicit landscape inventories

Treesearch

Robert E. Keane; Matthew G. Rollins; Cecilia H. McNicoll; Russell A. Parsons

2002-01-01

Presented is a prototype of the Landscape Ecosystem Inventory System (LEIS), a system for creating maps of important landscape characteristics for natural resource planning. This system uses gradient-based field inventories coupled with gradient modeling remote sensing, ecosystem simulation, and statistical analyses to derive spatial data layers required for ecosystem...

Yap1 as a New Therapeutic Target in Neurofibromatosis Type 2

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

Hedgehog and Notch has particularly contributed to the understanding and treatment of cancer1. A more recently discovered signalling cascade is the...Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog pathways. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 8, 97–106 (2011). 2. Zhao, B., Lei, Q. Y. & Guan, K. L. The Hippo-YAP pathway: new

Power and Influence: Global Dynamics in the 21st Century

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-10-01

A93 2010) Bardhan , Pranab K. Awakening Giants, Feet of Clay: Assessing the Economic Rise of China and India. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2010. (HC...45. Lei, David. " Outsourcing and China’s Rising Economic Power." Orbis 51, no. 1 (January 2007): 21-39. Monvoisin, Virginie and Louis-Philippe

75 FR 29574 - Final Legislative Environmental Impact Statement for the Harvest of Glaucous-Winged Gull Eggs by...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-26

... for the Harvest of Glaucous-Winged Gull Eggs by the Huna Tlingit in Glacier Bay National Park AGENCY... Impact Statement for the Harvest of Glaucous-Winged Gull Eggs by the Huna Tlingit in Glacier Bay National... Environmental Impact Statement (LEIS) for the harvest of glaucous-winged gull eggs by the Huna Tlingit in...

Variable Swing Optimal Parallel Links - Minimal Power, Maximal Density for Parallel Links

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

implemented; it allows controlling the transmitter current by a simple design of a differential pair with a 100 ohms termination resistor. Figure 3.4...optimization. Zuber, P., et al. 2005. 0-7695-2288-2. 21. A 36Gb/s ACCI Multi-Channel Bus using a Fully Differential Pulse Receiver. Wilson, Lei Luo

Exploring Equality through Creative Methods of Learning in Adult Literacy: Findings from a Peace Funded Project

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mark, Rob

2008-01-01

The Literacy and Equality in Irish Society (LEIS) Project is an example of a project which used alternative non-text methodologies to help literacy and basic education learners explore and understand how inequalities in society have impacted on their lives. The project focused on inequalities, shifting the emphasis in literacy and basic skills…

Assessing the impact of heart failure specialist services on patient populations.

PubMed

Lyratzopoulos, Georgios; Cook, Gary A; McElduff, Patrick; Havely, Daniel; Edwards, Richard; Heller, Richard F

2004-05-24

The assessment of the impact of healthcare interventions may help commissioners of healthcare services to make optimal decisions. This can be particularly the case if the impact assessment relates to specific patient populations and uses timely local data. We examined the potential impact on readmissions and mortality of specialist heart failure services capable of delivering treatments such as b-blockers and Nurse-Led Educational Intervention (N-LEI). Statistical modelling of prevented or postponed events among previously hospitalised patients, using estimates of: treatment uptake and contraindications (based on local audit data); treatment effectiveness and intolerance (based on literature); and annual number of hospitalization per patient and annual risk of death (based on routine data). Optimal treatment uptake among eligible but untreated patients would over one year prevent or postpone 11% of all expected readmissions and 18% of all expected deaths for spironolactone, 13% of all expected readmisisons and 22% of all expected deaths for b-blockers (carvedilol) and 20% of all expected readmissions and an uncertain number of deaths for N-LEI. Optimal combined treatment uptake for all three interventions during one year among all eligible but untreated patients would prevent or postpone 37% of all expected readmissions and a minimum of 36% of all expected deaths. In a population of previously hospitalised patients with low previous uptake of b-blockers and no uptake of N-LEI, optimal combined uptake of interventions through specialist heart failure services can potentially help prevent or postpone approximately four times as many readmissions and a minimum of twice as many deaths compared with simply optimising uptake of spironolactone (not necessarily requiring specialist services). Examination of the impact of different heart failure interventions can inform rational planning of relevant healthcare services.

75 FR 71731 - Notice of Availability of the Record of Decision for the Harvest of Glaucous-Winged Gull Eggs by...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-24

... for the Harvest of Glaucous-Winged Gull Eggs by Huna Tlingit in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve... availability of the Record of Decision for the Harvest of Glaucous-Winged Gull Eggs by Huna Tlingit in Glacier... Impact Statement (LEIS) on the Harvest of Glaucous-Winged Gull Eggs by Huna Tlingit in Glacier Bay...

Coated 4340 Steel

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-08-26

Magazine, 2004, Vol. 60, No. 68, pp. 7-11. 2. A. Wrigley: Aerospace Metals, American Metal Market , of May 1994. 3. L. L. Sherir: in Corrosion 1...Electrochemistry and Engineering, ASTM STP 801, T. W. Crooker and B. N Leis, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, 1983, pp. 5-25. 8. B. Fitzsimons

The electrophysiological underpinnings of processing gender stereotypes in language.

PubMed

Siyanova-Chanturia, Anna; Pesciarelli, Francesca; Cacciari, Cristina

2012-01-01

Despite the widely documented influence of gender stereotypes on social behaviour, little is known about the electrophysiological substrates engaged in the processing of such information when conveyed by language. Using event-related brain potentials (ERPs), we examined the brain response to third-person pronouns (lei "she" and lui "he") that were implicitly primed by definitional (passeggera(FEM) "passenger", pensionato(MASC) "pensioner"), or stereotypical antecedents (insegnante "teacher", conducente "driver"). An N400-like effect on the pronoun emerged when it was preceded by a definitionally incongruent prime (passeggera(FEM)--lui; pensionato(MASC)--lei), and a stereotypically incongruent prime for masculine pronouns only (insegnante--lui). In addition, a P300-like effect was found when the pronoun was preceded by definitionally incongruent primes. However, this effect was observed for female, but not male participants. Overall, these results provide further evidence for on-line effects of stereotypical gender in language comprehension. Importantly, our results also suggest a gender stereotype asymmetry in that male and female stereotypes affected the processing of pronouns differently.

Interplay Between Electron-Electron, Electron-Impurity and Electron-Boundary Scattering in a Two Dimensional Electron Gas (2DEG)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abraham, Mathew C.; Ram, Rajeev J.; Gossard, A. C.

2003-03-01

A small group of experiments have been conducted over the past decade that explore the fact that even though electron-electron (e-e) scattering in a 2DEG is momentum conserving, its interplay with electron-impurity (e-i)and electron-boundary (e-b) scattering can change the resistance of bulk and mesoscopic devices respectively. The interplay between e-e and e-i scattering in a bulk sample has been shown to cause a fall in the resistivity as a function of electron temperature in the regime where the scattering length l_ee > l_ei and a rise when l_ee < l_ei. In contrast, the interplay between e-e and e-b scattering has been demonstrated to raise the resistivity of a mesoscopic sized wire as a function of electron temperature in the regime l_ee > lb and a fall when l_ee < l_b. We attempt to present a comprehensive picture of these two apparently competing effects by studying devices that are affected by both phenomena simultaneously.

Impact of Microstructure on MoS 2 Oxidation and Friction

DOE PAGES

Curry, John F.; Wilson, Mark A.; Luftman, Henry S.; ...

2017-07-31

In this work, we demonstrate the role of microstructure in the friction and oxidation behavior of the lamellar solid lubricant molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2). We report on systematic investigations of oxidation and friction for two MoS 2 films with distinctively different microstructures—amorphous and planar/highly-ordered—before and after exposure to atomic oxygen (AO) and high-temperature (250 °C) molecular oxygen. A combination of experimental tribology, molecular dynamics simulations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-sensitivity low-energy ion scattering (HS-LEIS) was used to reveal new insights about the links between structure and properties of these widely utilized low-friction materials. Initially, ordered MoS 2 films showedmore » a surprising resistance to both atomic and molecular oxygens (even at elevated temperature), retaining characteristic low friction after exposure to extreme oxidative environments. Finally, XPS shows comparable oxidation of both coatings via AO; however, monolayer resolved compositional depth profiles from HS-LEIS reveal that the microstructure of the ordered coatings limits oxidation to the first atomic layer.« less

Impact of Microstructure on MoS 2 Oxidation and Friction

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Curry, John F.; Wilson, Mark A.; Luftman, Henry S.

In this work, we demonstrate the role of microstructure in the friction and oxidation behavior of the lamellar solid lubricant molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2). We report on systematic investigations of oxidation and friction for two MoS 2 films with distinctively different microstructures—amorphous and planar/highly-ordered—before and after exposure to atomic oxygen (AO) and high-temperature (250 °C) molecular oxygen. A combination of experimental tribology, molecular dynamics simulations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-sensitivity low-energy ion scattering (HS-LEIS) was used to reveal new insights about the links between structure and properties of these widely utilized low-friction materials. Initially, ordered MoS 2 films showedmore » a surprising resistance to both atomic and molecular oxygens (even at elevated temperature), retaining characteristic low friction after exposure to extreme oxidative environments. Finally, XPS shows comparable oxidation of both coatings via AO; however, monolayer resolved compositional depth profiles from HS-LEIS reveal that the microstructure of the ordered coatings limits oxidation to the first atomic layer.« less

Caught between Fantasy and Reality: Confucian Values and Dilemmas of Education Reform Confronting Hong Kong's Secondary Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tam, Frank Wai-Ming; Lai, Manhong; Lam, Ka-Ka

2007-01-01

In Chinese society, there are two Confucian teachings that have become guiding values for many teachers and have had profound influence on their educational practices for nearly 2,500 years. These values are "yin cai shi jiao" and "you jiao wu lei." The direct translation of yin cai shi jiao is "to carry out teaching based…

Novel Quantum Phases at Interfaces

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-12

89.085122 Mehdi Kargarian, Gregory A. Fiete. Multiorbital effects on thermoelectric properties of strongly correlated materials , Physical Review B...Multi-orbital Effects on Thermoelectric Properties of Strongly Correlated Materials , ArXiv e-prints (08 2013) Joseph Maciejko, Victor Chua...Lei Wang , Gregory A. Fiete. Finite- size and interaction effects on topological phase transitions via numerically exact quantum Monte Carlo

Environmental Impact Statement. Small Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Program Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana. Appendix E

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-01

c-oup nustemnera. It the -"ociltng fr-o the increased coads aaacntated ,ith the n bcei aseline inremtental poern comtes fe-s BaRsin, the coat. lei...for 0111 thdis pr~oject W tEF: 540 21. Authorization. Section 6.0 of the DEIS contains a -;t of only federal "Authorizing Agust 21. 1987 Actions

EFL Learners' Uses of Adverbs in Argumentative Essays

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yilmaz, Ercan; Dikilitas, Kenan

2017-01-01

Adverbs require a great deal of effort to be mastered, and even the most advanced users of that language have difficulty in using them correctly (Narita & Sugiura, 2006; Peacock, 2010; Lei, 2012; Leedham & Cai, 2013). The purpose of this study is to find out to what extent relatively high proficiency level EFL learners use different types…

Operational Social Influence in the Vietnam War: An Analysis of Influence Tactics Used by the U.S. Marine’s Combined Action Program and the Viet Cong in South Vietnam

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-01

university students and girls holding leis of flowers , a gesture set up by the mayor of Da Nang.48 By the end of 1965, 38,000 additional Marines were...to the Marines; in fact very similar strategies were used during the Banana Wars (Haiti 1915–1934, Nicaragua 1926–1933, and Santo Domingo 1916–1923

7 CFR 318.13-23 - Cut flowers from Hawaii.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Cut flowers from Hawaii. 318.13-23 Section 318.13-23... From Hawaii and the Territories § 318.13-23 Cut flowers from Hawaii. (a) Except for cut blooms and leis... paragraph (b) of this section, cut flowers may be moved interstate from Hawaii under limited permit, to a...

7 CFR 318.13-23 - Cut flowers from Hawaii.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Cut flowers from Hawaii. 318.13-23 Section 318.13-23... From Hawaii and the Territories § 318.13-23 Cut flowers from Hawaii. (a) Except for cut blooms and leis... paragraph (b) of this section, cut flowers may be moved interstate from Hawaii under limited permit, to a...

7 CFR 318.13-23 - Cut flowers from Hawaii.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Cut flowers from Hawaii. 318.13-23 Section 318.13-23... From Hawaii and the Territories § 318.13-23 Cut flowers from Hawaii. (a) Except for cut blooms and leis... paragraph (b) of this section, cut flowers may be moved interstate from Hawaii under limited permit, to a...

7 CFR 318.13-23 - Cut flowers from Hawaii.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Cut flowers from Hawaii. 318.13-23 Section 318.13-23... From Hawaii and the Territories § 318.13-23 Cut flowers from Hawaii. (a) Except for cut blooms and leis... paragraph (b) of this section, cut flowers may be moved interstate from Hawaii under limited permit, to a...

7 CFR 318.13-23 - Cut flowers from Hawaii.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Cut flowers from Hawaii. 318.13-23 Section 318.13-23... From Hawaii and the Territories § 318.13-23 Cut flowers from Hawaii. (a) Except for cut blooms and leis... paragraph (b) of this section, cut flowers may be moved interstate from Hawaii under limited permit, to a...

Forest Service National Forest System perceptions of law enforcement and investigations: nationwide study

Treesearch

Deborah J. Chavez; Joanne F. Tynon

2008-01-01

This is the fifth in a series of studies to evaluate perceptions of the roles, responsibilities, and issues entailed in the jobs of U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service law enforcement and investigations (LEI) personnel. An e-mail survey was administered to the 537 Forest Service forest supervisors and district rangers (National Forest System [NFS] line...

NCI Researchers Discover Exceptionally Potent Antibodies with Potential for Prophylaxis and Therapy of MERS-Coronavirus Infections | Poster

Cancer.gov

By Andrea Frydl, Contributing Writer In a recent article published in the Journal of Virology, Tianlei Ying, Ph.D., Dimiter Dimitrov, Ph.D., and their colleagues in the Laboratory of Experimental Immunology (LEI), Cancer and Inflammation Program, NCI Center for Cancer Research, reported the identification of three human monoclonal antibodies (m336, m337, and m338) that target

77 FR 61401 - Notice of Change of Public Meeting Location for the Draft Legislative Environmental Impact...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-09

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Navy Notice of Change of Public Meeting Location for the.... SUMMARY: The location of one of the four public meetings on the Draft LEIS is being changed. The October... 5:30 p.m. to 8 p.m. on the following dates and at the following locations: 1. October 22, 2012 at...

Thermoelectric Transducer Using Bio Nano Process

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-01

in which 8 amino acid residues have been removed from all consisted base pairs along the N-terminal direction 38, 39 . Because of this change, Fer8...M. D. V.; Natividad, G.; Rafael, M. and María, T. M. R. Langmuir 22 (16), pp 6993–7000 (2006). (36) Meldrum , F.C.; Douglas, T.; Lei, S.; Arosio, P

Mangroves of Kiribati - A Priceless Resource Needs Protection

Treesearch

James Denny Ward

1998-01-01

Mangrove forests grow naturally along the ocean and lagoons on the islands of Kiribati. For centuries mangroves have provided wood for fuel, posts, poles, boats, houses, fences, walls, and furniture, and have been used to stake fish traps, to cultivate seaweed, and to dye and preserve canoe sails and clothing. Mangrove leaves and flowers are used in garlands and leis...

[The 'Krüppelfürsorge' during the Weimar Republic. Oscillating between an own position and the adoption of eugenic arguments].

PubMed

Weinert, Sebastian

2011-03-01

This article examines the discourse about physical disability led by the German 'Krüppelfürsorge'. It deals with the exhibition GeSoLei (Gesundheitspflege, soziale Fürsorge and Leibesübungen), which took place in Düsseldorf in 1926. The GeSoLei was one of the most popular platforms of the healthy and aesthetic body in the 1920s. It stood in the context of the German 'national recovery' after World War I and collected all types of medical, social and athletic professionals to expose their work to a broader audience. Also representatives of the so called 'Krüppelfürsorge' presented themselves and at the same time their perspective on people with physical disabilities on this exhibition. The article points out the ambivalent character of their perspective and shows the mixture of including and excluding people with physical disabilities, which was typical for the view of the 'Krüppelfürsorge'. It demonstrates that the 'Krüppelfürsorger' on the one hand were quite progressive towards people with disabilities, but on the other hand showed a striking openness towards eugenic values.

Smart Polymer Surfaces

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-02-27

films: Inhibition of dewetting in thin polymer films”, Carroll, Gregory T., Sojka, Melissa E., Lei, Xuegong, Turro, Nicholas J., Koberstein, Jeffrey T...at Sandia was that the polymer films, designed to have specific interactions with particular warfare agents, would dewet the surface of a surface...crosslinking or dewetting . Patterned dewetting constitutes a completely new way of generating micro thin film structures that might be useful in

International Conference on Snow Engineering (1st) Held in Santa Barbara, California on July 10-15 1988

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-02-01

temperatures. In the worst case (-25°C) outdoor snow melting 170 20 U-value of glass 3,0 W/m2 oC 15 U 0 S10 L. 5 𔃾- 0 o -20 -10 5- I Indoor...building structures TGB 1986 - Loads (Section 7.7.2) Portugal Decreto lei 235/83 Safety and loading 31 May 1983 regulations for the structures of

Extended-Range Prediction with Low-Dimensional, Stochastic-Dynamic Models: A Data-driven Approach

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-30

statistically extratropical storms and extremes, and link these to LFV modes. Mingfang Ting, Yochanan Kushnir, Andrew W. Robertson, Lei Wang...forecast models, as well as in the understanding they have generated. Adam Sobel, Daehyun Kim and Shuguang Wang. Extratropical variability and...predictability. Determine the extent to which extratropical monthly and seasonal low-frequency variability (LFV, i.e. PNA, NAO, as well as other regional

Flammability and Photo-Stability of Selected Polymer Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-01

modifications. The 13. following methods have been used(2 8 ) : 1. Etherification or esterification of the phenolic hydroxyl groups, 2. Complex...is initiated with a view to making modifications of the flammability behaviors of phenolic resin by using substituted phenols. Also. esterification of...n-substituted phenolic resins. Modification by esterification has also been reported by Lei(29) in the synthesis of n-chloro- phenolic fiber. The

Combining Multiple Knowledge Sources for Speech Recognition

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-15

Thus, the first is thle to clarify the pronunciationt ( TASSEAJ for the acronym TASA !). best adaptation sentence, the second sentence, whens addled...10 rapid adapltati,,n sen- tenrces, and 15 spell-i,, de phrases. 6101 resource rirailageo lei SPEAKER-DEPENDENT DATABASE sentences were randortily...combining the smoothed phoneme models with the de - system tested on a standard database using two well de . tailed context models. BYBLOS makes maximal use

A review of the cicada genus Haphsa Distant from China (Hemiptera: Cicadidae).

PubMed

Wang, Xu; Yang, Mingsheng; Wei, Cong

2015-05-18

The cicada genus Haphsa Distant from China was reviewed based on the description of a new species (Haphsa lueta sp. n.) and redescriptions of other three known species which are reported from China for the first time. A key to all known species of Haphsa worldwide is provided. The geographical distribution of the Haphsa species and the availability of Haphsa dianensis Chou, Lei, Li, Lu & Yao, 1997 are discussed.

Exploring Electrical and Magnetic Resonances from Coherently Correlated Long-Lived Radical Pairs towards Development of Negative Refractive-Index Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-03

Dissociation in Perovskite Solar Cells Yu-Che Hsiao, Ting Wu, Mingxing Li, and Bin Hu Advanced Materials, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201405946, 2015 2...Electrode Interface and Donor/Acceptor Interface via Charge Dissociation in Organic Solar Cells at Device-Operating Condition Ting Wu, Yu-Che Hsiao...exchange energy at donor:acceptor interfaces in organic solar cells Mingxing Li, Hongfeng Wang, Lei He, Huidong Zang, Hengxing Xu, and Bin Hu Appl

Medium Access Control in Ad Hoc Networks With Omni-Directional and Directional Antennas

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-06-01

Carvalho, Marc, Hong, Long, Yong, Zhenjiang, Lei, Ravi, Saro, Hari, Ramesh, Brad, Renato and Radhika) in the Computer Communication Research Group (CCRG...which we call directional collision avoidance protocols. Ko et al. [35] propose two schemes. One scheme consists of nodes using directional RTS...different from the model assumed by Ko et al. [35] where antennas are always active for re- ceiving and thus transmissions to different antennas

East Europe Report, Political, Sociological and Military Affairs, No. 2102

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-31

Sport and Tourism Publishing House/ of Bucharest. It is an inexpensive mass publication .costing a mere 8 lei, and according to the appendix, the...educational function. The primary work of the groups of occupational artistic activity are yearly reviews, competitions, festivals and celebrations of... festival of drama and the artistic word in Medzilaborcie, the festival of Ukrainian folklore and group singing in in Kamienka and finally the annual

Strength of the interatomic potential derived from angular scans in LEIS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Primetzhofer, D.; Markin, S. N.; Draxler, M.; Beikler, R.; Taglauer, E.; Bauer, P.

2008-09-01

Angular scans were performed for a Cu(1 0 0) single crystal and He + ions. The results were compared to MARLOWE, KALYPSO and FAN simulations to obtain information on the interaction potential. The influence of the used evaluation procedure on the deduced scattering potential was investigated. The scattering potential is found to be weaker than what is predicted by an uncorrected TFM potential. It was found that the use of a single screening correction factor is applicable in a wide range of impact parameters. It is further shown that selection of single scattering trajectories and a limitation of information depth to the surface layers is possible for neutral and charge integrated spectra.

SKCa Channels Blockage Increases the Expression of Adenosine A2A Receptor in Jurkat Human T Cells

PubMed Central

Regaya, Imed; Aidi-Knani, Sabrine; By, Youlet; Condo, Jocelyne; Gerolami, Victoria; Berge-Lefranc, Jean-Louis; Ben Hamida, Jeannette; Sabatier, Jean-Marc; Fenouillet, Emmanuel; Guieu, Régis

2013-01-01

Abstract Adenosine is a nucleoside displaying various biological effects via stimulation of four G-protein–coupled receptors, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine also modulates voltage-gated (Kv) and small conductance calcium-activated (SKCa) potassium channels. The effect of these potassium channels on the expression of adenosine receptors is poorly understood. We evaluated the action of BgK (a natural Kv channel blocker) and Lei-Dab7 (a synthetic SKCa channel blocker) on the expression of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) in Jurkat human T cells. We found that Lei-Dab7, but not BgK, increased the maximal binding value of the tritiated ligand ZM241385 to A2AR in a dose-dependent manner (+45% at 5 nM; +70% at 50 nM as compared to control). These results were further confirmed by Western blotting using a specific monoclonal antibody to human A2AR. The ligand affinity-related dissociation constant and A2AR mRNA amount were not significantly modified by either drug. We suggest that modulation of SKCa channels can influence membrane expression of A2AR and thus has a therapeutic potential. PMID:23593569

Controlling the surface termination of NdGaO3 (110): the role of the gas atmosphere.

PubMed

Cavallaro, Andrea; Harrington, George F; Skinner, Stephen J; Kilner, John A

2014-07-07

In this work the effect of gas atmosphere on the surface termination reconstruction of single crystal NdGaO3 (110) (NGO) during thermal annealing was analyzed. Using Low Energy Ion Scattering (LEIS) it has been possible to study the chemical composition of the first atomic layer of treated NGO single crystal samples. NGO has been analyzed both as-received and after a specific thermal treatment at 1000 °C under different gas fluxes (argon, nitrogen, static air, synthetic air, nitrogen plus 5% hydrogen and wet synthetic air respectively). Thermal annealing of perovskite single crystals, as already reported in the literature, is used to obtain a fully A-cation surface termination. Nevertheless the effect of the gas-atmosphere on this process has not been previously reported. By the use of sequential low energy Ar(+) sputtering combined with the primary ion LEIS analysis, the reconstruction of the outermost atomic layers has allowed the clarification of the mechanism of NGO neodymium surface enrichment. It is proposed that the gallium at the surface is submitted to a reduction/evaporation mechanism caused by low oxygen partial pressure and/or high water pressure in the vector gas. Below the first surface atomic layers of an as-received NGO single-crystal a gallium-rich phase has also been observed.

Recovery of nonwetting characteristics by surface modification of gallium-based liquid metal droplets using hydrochloric acid vapor.

PubMed

Kim, Daeyoung; Thissen, Peter; Viner, Gloria; Lee, Dong-Weon; Choi, Wonjae; Chabal, Yves J; Lee, Jeong-Bong J B

2013-01-01

The applicability of gallium-based liquid metal alloy has been limited by the oxidation problem. In this paper, we report a simple method to remove the oxide layer on the surface of such alloy to recover its nonwetting characteristics, using hydrochloric acid (HCl) vapor. Through the HCl vapor treatment, we successfully restored the nonwetting characteristics of the alloy and suppressed its viscoelasticity. We analyzed the change of surface chemistry before and after the HCl vapor treatment using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy ion-scattering spectroscopy (LEIS). Results showed that the oxidized surface of the commercial gallium-based alloy Galinstan (Ga(2)O(3) and Ga(2)O) was replaced with InCl(3) and GaCl(3) after the treatment. Surface tension and static contact angle on a Teflon-coated glass of the HCl-vapor-treated Galinstan were measured to be 523.8 mN/m and 152.5°. A droplet bouncing test was successfully carried out to demonstrate the nonwetting characteristics of the HCl-vapor-treated Galinstan. Finally, the stability of the transformed surface of the HCl-vapor-treated Galinstan was investigated by measuring the contact angle and LEIS spectra after reoxidation in an ambient environment.

Adsorption of Bromine on Gold Nanoclusters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salvo, Christopher; Keagy, Josiah; Yarmoff, Jory

Small metal nanoclusters are extremely effective as catalysts, with rates that rival those of enzymes in biological systems. The first step in a catalytic reaction is the adsorption of a precursor molecule. The neutralization of alkali projectiles during low energy ion scattering (LEIS), which is acutely sensitive to the local electrostatic potential a few Å's above the surface, is used here to probe Au nanoclusters grown on SiO2 as they are reacted with Br2. Previous work had demonstrated very efficient neutralization in scattering from small catalytically active Au clusters, which was interpreted as an indication that the bare clusters are negatively charged. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and LEIS show little or no Br signal after exposing SiO2 and Au foil to Br2, suggesting that adsorption does not occur because the Br-Br bond does not break. Dissociative adsorption occurs rapidly, however, when small Au nanoclusters are reacted with Br2. 1.5 keV Na+ ions scattered from the Au clusters show a decrease in the neutralization probability as Br is reacted, indicating that adsorption results in charge being transferred from the cluster to the Br adatom. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under CHE - 1611563.

Civil-Military Change in China: Elites, Institutes, and Ideas After the 16th Party Congress

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-09-01

Xiliang, Lang Longxi, Zhou Xupeng, Zhang Hong, Fang Junzhong, Fang Lufeng, Guo Weihu, Zhu Guangzheng, Zhao Heng, Quan Zhixue, Yu Hongtao , Hou Xiaoqin...Deng Hongtao , and Lei Ziyuan, "Vast Numbers of Officers and Men of All Armed Forces and Armed Police Corps Resolutely Support New CPC Central Committee...and Central Military Commission," Jiefangjun bao, November 17, 2002, p. 1. 14. Jiefangjun bao, November 20, 2002. 15. Qian Xiaohu, Xia Hongqing, Han

Quantitative, Noninvasive Imaging of DNA Damage in Vivo of Prostate Cancer Therapy by Transurethral Photoacoustic (TUPA) Imaging

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Xiang, L Xing, “ X - Ray Fluorescence CT as a Novel Imaging Modality for Improved Radiation Therapy Target Delineation”, Presented at 56th Annual Meeting... Imaging and Sensing, 1: 18-22 (2014).  Moiz Ahmad, Magdalena Bazalova, Liangzhong Xiang, and Lei Xing, Order of magnitude sensitivity increase in x - ray ...Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT The goals of this training grant is to develop the foundations for a new medical imaging modality, now

Visual Search in the Detection of Retinal Injury: A Feasibility Study

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-01

D, Heyes A. et al. Mobility of people with retinitis pigmentosa as a function of vision and psychological variables. Optometry and Vision Science...AFRL-RH-FS-TR-2013-0019 Visual Search in the Detection of Retinal Injury: A Feasibility Study Thomas Kuyk TASC, Inc. Lei Liu The...Detection of Retinal Injury: A Feasibility Study" 2013 0019 LEON N. McLIN, JR., DR-III, DAF Work Unit Manager 711 HPW/ RHDO POLHAMUS.GARR ETT.D

Tunable TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Flexible Bio-Sensitized Solar Cells

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-08-01

microid extender followed by a colloidal silica /wetted imperial cloth. The foil was then cut into 1- × 2-cm samples. Then, the substrates were...17. Lei, B.; Liao, J.; Wang, R. J.; Su, C.; Kuang, D. Ordered Crystalline Ti02 Nanotube Arrays on Transparent FTO Glass for Efficient Dye...combined with a transparent , Indium Tin Dioxide coated PET film are attractive candidates for efficient, flexible DSSC’s. Flexible solar cells offer

Towards Resilient Information-Aware Communication Networks

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-02-01

kPa) kilo pascal (kPa) kilogram (kg) kilogram-meter 2 (kg-m2) kilogram-meter 3 (kg/m 3 ) **Gray (Gy) coulomb /kilogram (C/kg) second (s...Dept. of ECE). Iowa State University Collaborated with Prof. Lei Ying (Dep. of ECE). Massachusetts Institute of Technology Collaborated with Prof...courses on De - sign and Analysis of Communication Networks and also supervised students in a Smart Phone labo- ratory during this period. Both the

Alternatives to Arsine: The Atmospheric Pressure Organometallic Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of GaAs Using Triethylarsenic.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-08-15

SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION 17. COSATI CODES 18 SUBJECT TERMS (Corinue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP Epitaxy GaAs 9...Zr leiK m I141’ FIGURES 1 . Effect of Growth Parameters on Residual Doping Type ................... 7 2. Photoluminescence Spectrum of a GaAs Epilayer... 1 3 Successful homoepitaxial growth of high purity, unintentionally doped GaAs epilayers by organometallic chemical vapor deposition (OMCVD) has

Quantum Phases of Matter in Optical Lattices

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-30

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.89.013625 Hyungwon Kim, David A. Huse. Ballistic Spreading of Entanglement in a Diffusive Nonintegrable System, Physical...Review B, (07 2013): 0. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.014206 Lin Dong, Lei Jiang, Han Pu. Fulde–Ferrell pairing instability in spin–orbit coupled Fermi...PhysRevA.87.051603 Kuei Sun, C. J. Bolech. Pair tunneling, phase separation, and dimensional crossover in imbalanced fermionic superfluids in a coupled

Stress Corrosion-Cracking and Corrosion Fatigue Impact of IZ-C17+ Zinc Nickel on 4340 Steel

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-05-17

REPORT NO: NAWCADPAX/TIM-2016/189 STRESS CORROSION-CRACKING AND CORROSION FATIGUE IMPACT OF IZ-C17+ ZINC-NICKEL ON 4340 STEEL by...CORROSION-CRACKING AND CORROSION FATIGUE IMPACT OF IZ-C17+ ZINC-NICKEL ON 4340 STEEL by Craig Matzdorf Charles Lei Matt Stanley...5a. CONTRACT NUMBER STRESS CORROSION-CRACKING AND CORROSION FATIGUE IMPACT OF IZ-C17+ ZINC-NICKEL ON 4340 STEEL 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM

Decree No. 97.886 of 28 June 1989, relating to the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA).

PubMed

1989-01-01

This Brazilian Decree reestablishes the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform, which was abolished by Decree-Law No. 2.363 of 21 October 1987. The Institute is to have the same basic structure and functions that it had before it was abolished. Decree No. 97.978 of 19 July 1989 sets forth the responsibilities of the Council of Directors of the new Institute (Colecao das Leis, No. 4, 1989, pp. 1725-1726).

JSEP Fellowship

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-06-28

entitled "MBE Grown Microcavities for Optoelectronic Devices." In the dissertation work,1 the precision of molecular - beam epitaxy (MBE) is taken...Layers For Surface Normal Optoelectronic Devices," North American Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy , Ottawa, Canada, October 12-14, 1992, to be...8. C. Lei, T. J. Rogers, D. G. Deppe, and B. G. Streetman, "InGaAs-GaAs Quantum Well Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Using Molecular Beam

Brazil - the Challenge of Development

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-03-07

bloodshed. This occurred through political and legal negotiations that led to a general amnesty, a new constitution, and direct elections at municipal ...state and national levels during the last five years. Brazil had municipal elections in 1985 and 1986. In 1987 it convened a National Constituent...34 computer and Digital will soon produce its Microvax. (Ŕ Mercado Mata a Lei," Veja, 20 Dec 89, pp. 141-142.) 6. Jose Sarney, p. 2. 7. Juan de Onis, p. 128

Multilingual Aeronautical Dictionary (Dictionnaire Aeronautique Multilingue)

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

6t6 obtenue des dgifiisatiohs sbiv~nfis; et nodus lei en rerneicions-vivement: Amnerican Society of Metals , Metals Park, Ohio. USA (pour mati~re...Ephemeris (f) status minium or aluminium alloy on a metal by spraying, ES efemrides (, pl americanas DE 1. H6hentoferanz (MI hot dipping, diffusion...routine work, using voice DE telhsttitige Regelung f) does not entail the addition of another metal to DE 1 AGACS ES mando Wf automiltico the weld. 2

Renormalization of the Graphene Dispersion Velocity Determined from Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-14

Young,4 Cory R. Dean,5,6 Lei Wang,6 Yuanda Gao,6 Kenji Watanabe,7 Takashi Taniguchi,7 James Hone,6 Kenneth L. Shepard,5 Phillip Kim,4 Nikolai B. Zhitenev...relative strength of the Coulomb interactions and is given by the ratio of potential to kinetic energies [13]. In graphene, both the kinetic and...embedded. Previously, measurements of the graphene dispersion re- normalization have either examined solely the density de - pendence [11] or the

Tandem Repeat Regions within the Burkholderia pseudomallei Genome and their Application for High-Resolution Genotyping

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-30

is marked by gene dele- tions and intra-chromosomal rearrangements [4-7]. B. mallei , the etiologic agent of glanders , is an obligate para- site of the...CM: Structural flexi- bility in the Burkholderia mallei genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004, 101(39):14246-14251. 6. Godoy D, Randle G, Simpson AJ...and glanders , Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mal- lei. J Clin Microbiol 2003, 41(5):2068-2079. 7. Kim HS, Schell MA, Yu Y, Ulrich RL

Con_A-CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Conjugate with Short Wave Near-Infrared (SWIR) Laser Ablation for Tumor Therapy

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-02-11

W.F., Kavanagh, P.V., Ho, C.P., Shen, P., Zagoria, R.J., Staging and current treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma . RadioGraphics 25:S2-S23. (2005...2] Kudo, M. and Okanoue, T., Clinical Practice Manual of HCC Expert Panel. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan: Consensus-based clinical...local therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and survival outcomes in the US population. Am J Surg 195:829-836 (2008). [4] Chen, W.Y., Cheng, W.T., Lei

People’s Republic of China Scientific Abstracts No. 180

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-11-25

wild male sterile line in nee, we did numerous cross experiments with the rich resources of rice varieties in our country. In 1972, the maintainer...be used as edible oil. The pharmacological experiments on animals indicated that the oil can also be used as a certain remedy for artereosclerosis...resources. 38 AUTPIOR: KUNG Hsieh ^0364 0588/ ORG: None TITLE: "Principal Herbs in China’s Pasturelands" SOURCE: Peking CRTH-WU PEN-LEI HSUEH-PAO

JPRS Report, China Red Flag No 15, 1 August 1987

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-10-07

9-13) (Xiao Ke) • • • • • 1* Consolidate and Develop a New Type of Army-Government and Army-People Relationship (pp 14-17) (Wang Fang, Li Qing...the Socialist Commodity Economy (pp 44-46) ( Li Guangyuan) 78 ’Emotional Investment’ Viewed From Various Angles (p 47) (Lei Ke) 85 Singing the...counted as a setback, but it was precisely during the setback of the great revolution that our Army was founded. During the 25,000- li Long March

IGF Regulation of Cell Adhesion in Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-07-01

Abraham, T. Zou, Y. Shi, J. Lei, J. Cottrell, K. Cymes, K. Biden, L. Simms, B. Leggett, P. Lynch, M . Frazier, S. Powell, N. Harpaz, H. Sugimura, J...instability and mutation of DNA mismatch repair genes in gliomas. Am JPathol 153: 1181-1188. 6. C. Oliveira, R. Seruca, M . Seixas, and M . Sobrinho...286-297. 11 11. A. Oates, L. Schumaker, S. Jenkins, A.D. Pearce, SA., B. Arun, and M . Ellis. (1998). The mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth

High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells Based on a Wide-Bandgap Polymer Containing Pyrrolo[3,4- f ]benzotriazole-5,7-dione with a Power Conversion Efficiency of 8.63%

DOE PAGES

Lan, Liuyuan; Chen, Zhiming; Hu, Qin; ...

2016-04-25

In article 1600032, an efficient new wide-bandgap polymer based on a novel moiety of pyrrolo[3,4-f]benzotriazole-5,7-dione (TZBI) is developed by Lei Ying, Feng Lui, Thomas P. Russel, Fei Huang, and co-workers. The new chemistry enables fine electronic structure tuning and solution-processed single-junction polymer solar cells provided a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 8.63%. Full electrical and structural characterization reveales that TZBI is a promising building block for the application in highly efficient organic photovoltaics.

Targeting Androgen Receptor by Lysosomal Degradation in Prostate Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-01

transport of TFEB, Autophagy 8 (2012) 903-914. [7] J. Brugarolas, K. Lei , R.L. Hurley, B.D. Manning, J.H. Reiling, E. Hafen, L.A. Witters, L.W. Ellisen...chromatography ~ anti-FLAG immunoprecipitation B D EWS pos~t~on mass pept~ de 416-429 1449 .66 GDATVSYEDPPTAK 571-594 2289.08 GGPGGMRGGRGGLMDRGGPGGMFR...vector 1 2 3 -- FLAG-His EWS-Fii-1 4 5 6 - FLAG tubulin c RNA helicase A pos~t~on mass pept~ de 121-141 2161 .97 AENNSEVGASGYGVPGPTWDR 200-209

Computational Prediction of Kinetic Rate Constants

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-02-01

best experimental estimates are in kcal/mol. RMcdoo l> Uil. . 1 -.In 1 1 II. lei ,. »rrsnn • emu rtvm . « snfi. !>ii K.IIHlMi’ \\i . St"WTi H...straightforward extensions the HF energy and gradient expressions. For example, the energy and the gradient HF-DFT ’ dE designated as E r-IIF DF1 and...8217’ Coulomb Electron Electron «P Hartr » . pBecke-LYP I ^Hartree-Fock \\7 n ’ Exchange correlation \\H ’ r llarlree-Fock Contract

Transport Properties of Water and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (Postprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-08-01

and dihedrals, while the intermolecular interac- tions are modeled by the long-range Lennard-Jones and Coulomb interactions. At each simulation step...in the same periodic water box, then the de - pendence of DL on the length L is given by DL ¼ D0 2:837kBT 6pgL (2) In Eq. (2), g is the shear...Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 16(6), pp. 3917–3938. [27] Mingzheng, Z., Guodong, X., Jian, L., Lei , C., and Lijun, Z., 2012, “Analysis of Factors

A Study of Fuel Supplies for Emergency Power Generation at Air Logistics Centers.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-06-01

D-AD087 088 AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL--ETC F/. I"/. STUDY OF FUEL SUPPLIES FOR EMERGENCY POWER GENERATION AT AIR -ETCIU...public release; distribution unlimited 17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (at thme abstract sneered lei Black 20. 1 itoINt~ &P 190-17. FlEDiC C. L N uS "il I...operations required by a wartime scenario may depend upon the use of emergency back-up generators to provide electrical power to critical facilities. After

Deployment Completion Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-24

LEI’I’EMOF C4KDATION IN PRCESS / AWWRED BY HIGHER AUTHORTIY: 25 COMAND LEPI!ERS OF CMNTION: 20 -.ERITORIOS MAST: 0 EEPI F PUBLIC AEAI S N RELEASES: 45...for the work re-U maining. A decision was made to concentrate work on the telephone, public address, and fire alarm connections of the 200 pair cable...the battalion finished the work at NAS. Rather than initiate work in NAVCAMS, the decision was made to shut down the project until turnover thereby

Temperature variations in the southern Great Lakes during the last deglaciation: Comparison between pollen and GDGT proxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Watson, Benjamin I.; Williams, John W.; Russell, James M.; Jackson, Stephen T.; Shane, Linda; Lowell, Thomas V.

2018-02-01

Our understanding of deglacial climate history in the southern Great Lakes region of the United States is primarily based upon fossil pollen data, with few independent and multi-proxy climate reconstructions. Here we introduce a new, well-dated fossil pollen record from Stotzel-Leis, OH, and a new deglacial temperature record based on branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) at Silver Lake, OH. We compare these new data to previously published records and to a regional stack of pollen-based temperature reconstructions from Stotzel-Leis, Silver Lake, and three other well-dated sites. The new and previously published pollen records at Stotzel-Leis are similar, but our new age model brings vegetation events into closer alignment with known climatic events such as the Younger Dryas (YD). brGDGT-inferred temperatures correlate strongly with pollen-based regional temperature reconstructions, with the strongest correlation obtained for a global soil-based brGDGT calibration (r2 = 0.88), lending confidence to the deglacial reconstructions and the use of brGDGT and regional pollen stacks as paleotemperature proxies in eastern North America. However, individual pollen records show large differences in timing, rates, and amplitudes of inferred temperature change, indicating caution with paleoclimatic inferences based on single-site pollen records. From 16.0 to 10.0ka, both proxies indicate that regional temperatures rose by ∼10 °C, roughly double the ∼5 °C estimates for the Northern Hemisphere reported in prior syntheses. Change-point analysis of the pollen stack shows accelerated warming at 14.0 ± 1.2ka, cooling at 12.6 ± 0.4ka, and warming from 11.6 ± 0.5ka into the Holocene. The timing of Bølling-Allerød (B-A) warming and YD onset in our records lag by ∼300-500 years those reported in syntheses of temperature records from the northern mid-latitudes. This discrepancy is too large to be attributed to uncertainties in radiocarbon dating, and

Probing the interaction of Rh, Co and bimetallic Rh-Co nanoparticles with the CeO2 support: catalytic materials for alternative energy generation.

PubMed

Varga, E; Pusztai, P; Óvári, L; Oszkó, A; Erdőhelyi, A; Papp, C; Steinrück, H-P; Kónya, Z; Kiss, J

2015-10-28

The interaction of CeO2-supported Rh, Co and bimetallic Rh-Co nanoparticles, which are active catalysts in hydrogen production via steam reforming of ethanol, a process related to renewable energy generation, was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low energy ion scattering (LEIS). Furthermore, diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) of adsorbed CO as a probe molecule was used to characterize the morphology of metal particles. At small loadings (0.1%), Rh is in a much dispersed state on ceria, while at higher contents (1-5%), Rh forms 2-8 nm particles. Between 473-673 K pronounced oxygen transfer from ceria to Rh is observed and at 773 K significant agglomeration of Rh occurs. On reduced ceria, XPS indicates a possible electron transfer from Rh to ceria. The formation of smaller ceria crystallites upon loading with Co was concluded from XRD and HRTEM; for 10% Co, the CeO2 particle size decreased from 27.6 to 10.7 nm. A strong dissolution of Co into ceria and a certain extent of encapsulation by ceria were deduced by XRD, XPS and LEIS. In the bimetallic system, the presence of Rh enhances the reduction of cobalt and ceria. During thermal treatments, reoxidation of Co occurs, and Rh agglomeration as well as oxygen migration from ceria to Rh are hindered in the presence of cobalt.

Fully Coupled Thermomechanical Finite Element Analysis of Material Evolution During Friction-Stir Welding of AA5083

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-03

coefficients are set to a value of 0.3. The stick/slip critical shear stress level is defined using a modified Coulomb friction law. Within this law, there...Modified Johnson Cook Model Equivalent Plastic Strain a P M,htgnert S d lei Y 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 Original Johnson Cook Model...Lett., 2005, 59, 3315–3318. 7 Thomas, W. M. and Nicholas, E. D. Friction stir welding for the transportation industries. Mater. Des ., 1997, 18, 269

Feasibility and Guidelines for the Development of Microgrids on Campus-Type Facilities

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-04-01

1.38066e-23 (J/K) q : Elementary charge, 1.60218e-19( coulomb ) Eqs (4) and (6) have two unknowns, which are C0 and C1. By using the data from I-V...Vol. 69, Iss. 3, 2000. [13] M. A. de blas, J.L. Torres, E. Prieto and A. Garcia, “Selecting a suitable model for characterizing photovoltaic...vol., no., pp. 108-112, 16-18 March 2003. [22] Y. Lei , A. Mullane, G. Lightbody, R. Yacamini, "Modeling of the wind turbine with a doubly fed

Description of a new genus, Galgoria gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadinae: Leptopsaltriini: Leptopsaltriina).

PubMed

Lee, Young June

2016-05-10

A new cicada genus, Galgoria gen. nov., is described with Tanna herzbergi Schmidt, 1932 (from southern China) as its type species, which is placed in the subtribe Leptopsaltriina Moulton, 1923 of the tribe Leptopsaltriini Moulton, 1923 in the subfamily Cicadinae Latreille, 1802 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae). Tanna herzbergi Schmidt, 1932 is transferred from Tanna Distant, 1905 to Galgoria gen. nov. to become Galgoria herzbergi (Schmidt, 1932) comb. nov. Tanna apicalis Chen, 1940 syn. nov. and Tanna pseudocalis Lei & Chou, 1997 syn. nov. are synonymized here with Galgoria herzbergi (Schmidt, 1932) comb. nov.

Oral Historical, Documentary, and Archaeological Investigations of Barton and Vinton, Mississippi: An Interim Report on Phase II of the Tombigbee Historic Townsites Project.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

Nirwerly Contribu~tions 6b- Leah Allen 11. itcpAk;i McBr&-de W. Lei Nfilijfl, Miltun B. Newtoni Rohcrl C.. Sonder-lari W n ;, Va , 3 r . .Ai𔃾 tht...the Tombigbee Historic Townmsites Project -____ 7. Am1A I\\ akwon O"Uef"Z5SE6 now. 146. W. Lee Minnerly, et.aI. r pooemsag GCeavlIO ftevne .. .^"#va.C P...13 ’ Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 115 I I r w . -w~~~~7 - .1 -. 1 u- - - - - - Site and Unit Descriptions

Zfp206 regulates ES cell gene expression and differentiation.

PubMed

Zhang, Wen; Walker, Emily; Tamplin, Owen J; Rossant, Janet; Stanford, William L; Hughes, Timothy R

2006-01-01

Understanding transcriptional regulation in early developmental stages is fundamental to understanding mammalian development and embryonic stem (ES) cell properties. Expression surveys suggest that the putative SCAN-Zinc finger transcription factor Zfp206 is expressed specifically in ES cells [Zhang,W., Morris,Q.D., Chang,R., Shai,O., Bakowski,M.A., Mitsakakis,N., Mohammad,N., Robinson,M.D., Zirngibl,R., Somogyi,E. et al., (2004) J. Biol., 3, 21; Brandenberger,R., Wei,H., Zhang,S., Lei,S., Murage,J., Fisk,G.J., Li,Y., Xu,C., Fang,R., Guegler,K. et al., (2004) Nat. Biotechnol., 22, 707-716]. Here, we confirm this observation, and we show that ZFP206 expression decreases rapidly upon differentiation of cultured mouse ES cells, and during development of mouse embryos. We find that there are at least six isoforms of the ZFP206 transcript, the longest being predominant. Overexpression and depletion experiments show that Zfp206 promotes formation of undifferentiated ES cell clones, and positively regulates abundance of a very small set of transcripts whose expression is also specific to ES cells and the two- to four-cell stages of preimplantation embryos. This set includes members of the Zscan4, Thoc4, Tcstv1 and eIF-1A gene families, none of which have been functionally characterized in vivo but whose members include apparent transcription factors, RNA-binding proteins and translation factors. Together, these data indicate that Zfp206 is a regulator of ES cell differentiation that controls a set of genes expressed very early in development, most of which themselves appear to be regulators.

Flower scents from the Pacific.

PubMed

Joulain, Daniel

2008-06-01

For a long time, exotic scents from the islands of the South Pacific have universally been appreciated. Most frequently, fragrant flowers (e.g., frangipani, jasmine sambac, tiaré, pua kenikeni) are used locally for ornamental purposes such as flower garlands (leis). Despite their powerful and delightful fragrance, very few of these flowers have been commercially employed in this part of the world for perfume manufacturing. Creative perfumers are nevertheless strongly interested to better understand these fragrances and to use them, either genuine or artificially reconstituted. Analytical results on the fragrance of these flowers are reported, together with some economical considerations.

Plasmonic Resonances in Self-Assembled Reduced Symmetry Gold Nanorod Structures (POSTPRINT)

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-01

distances, s/l < 0.06, where s is the gap distance and l is the length of the nanoparticles.21,26 Such a small gap (0.5−3 nm) increases coulomb ...Halas, N. J.; Lal, S.; Chang, W.-S.; Link, S.; Nordlander, P. Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 3913−3961. (13) Luo, Y.; Lei , D. Y.; Maier, S. A.; Pendry, J. B. ACS...Liang, Y.; Wang, J.; Lin, H.-Q. ACS Nano 2011, 5, 5976−5986. (25) Abb, M.; Wang, Y.; Albella, P.; de Groot, C. H.; Aizpurua, J.; Muskens, O. L. ACS

NCI Researchers Discover Exceptionally Potent Antibodies with Potential for Prophylaxis and Therapy of MERS-Coronavirus Infections | Poster

Cancer.gov

By Andrea Frydl, Contributing Writer In a recent article published in the Journal of Virology, Tianlei Ying, Ph.D., Dimiter Dimitrov, Ph.D., and their colleagues in the Laboratory of Experimental Immunology (LEI), Cancer and Inflammation Program, NCI Center for Cancer Research, reported the identification of three human monoclonal antibodies (m336, m337, and m338) that target the part of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) that is responsible for binding to its receptor. These antibodies are exceptionally potent inhibitors of MERS-CoV infection and also provide a basis for creating a future MERS-CoV vaccine.

[Huxianweng (The Old man of Bottle Immortal) is not a famous doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty].

PubMed

Li, B

2017-01-28

The name Huxianweng appeared in the Ming yi lei an ( Classified Medical Records of Famous Physicians ) did not live in the Eastern Han. Moreover, all medical cases it collected were not belonged to him alone but the accumulation of many people in several periods. By textual investigation, the prototype of Huxianweng is Yin Fu who lived in Yizheng County, Jiangsu Province in the end of the Ming Dynasty. He had expertise in medical skills and high medical ethics, and was therefore loved by the residents deeply. Besides, people alleged many mysterious cases to be cured by him which actually is not true.

[Brief investigation on the issue of Zhen Dan(Cinnabar, HgS) irrelevant to Qian Dan (Minium, Pb(3)O(4))].

PubMed

Shen, S N

2017-07-28

Zhen Dan, the abbreviated form of Zhen Dan Sha, or called Zhu Sha (Cinnabar, HgS). It can be ruled out that Zhen Dan is the nickname of Qian Dan (Minium, Pb(3)O(4)) through the homologous formulas contrast. The prescriptions containing Zhen Dan in the Zheng lei ben cao ( Classified Materia Medica ) was put under the "attached prescriptions" of Qian Dan, while Zhong yao da ci dian ( Great Dictionary of Chinese Materia Medica )and Zhong hua ben cao ( Chinese Herbology )all definitelyconfirmed that Zhen Dan is the other name of Qian Dan, which are wrong and should be corrected.

Influence of Weld Porosity on the Integrity of Marine Structures

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-02-01

LEFM provides good estimates of long crack growth, methods developed by Leis [41] could be used to improve the accuracy of fatigue crack propagation...resulted in good estimate for fatigue life and, when viewed in terms of stress, even better estimates. The absolute magnitude of the predictions are...4717 " O t, .4- 10.4--,LO r VI ’A C, CD IDan) m or( i 0 D a-- --- .4- IA ’ .0/ . 0U .. I. L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .ODI ’N L 𔃺.d- L D3 0 "’’. U’ U) L )L " ’A~’f0 A

Temperature variations in the southern Great Lakes during the last deglaciation: Comparison between pollen and GDGT proxies

USGS Publications Warehouse

Watson, Benjamin I.; Williams, John W.; Russell, James M.; Jackson, Stephen T.; Shane, Linda; Lowell, Thomas V.

2018-01-01

Our understanding of deglacial climate history in the southern Great Lakes region of the United States is primarily based upon fossil pollen data, with few independent and multi-proxy climate reconstructions. Here we introduce a new, well-dated fossil pollen record from Stotzel-Leis, OH, and a new deglacial temperature record based on branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) at Silver Lake, OH. We compare these new data to previously published records and to a regional stack of pollen-based temperature reconstructions from Stotzel-Leis, Silver Lake, and three other well-dated sites. The new and previously published pollen records at Stotzel-Leis are similar, but our new age model brings vegetation events into closer alignment with known climatic events such as the Younger Dryas (YD). brGDGT-inferred temperatures correlate strongly with pollen-based regional temperature reconstructions, with the strongest correlation obtained for a global soil-based brGDGT calibration (r2 = 0.88), lending confidence to the deglacial reconstructions and the use of brGDGT and regional pollen stacks as paleotemperature proxies in eastern North America. However, individual pollen records show large differences in timing, rates, and amplitudes of inferred temperature change, indicating caution with paleoclimatic inferences based on single-site pollen records. From 16.0 to 10.0ka, both proxies indicate that regional temperatures rose by ∼10 °C, roughly double the ∼5 °C estimates for the Northern Hemisphere reported in prior syntheses. Change-point analysis of the pollen stack shows accelerated warming at 14.0 ± 1.2ka, cooling at 12.6 ± 0.4ka, and warming from 11.6 ± 0.5ka into the Holocene. The timing of Bølling-Allerød (B-A) warming and YD onset in our records lag by ∼300–500 years those reported in syntheses of temperature records from the northern mid-latitudes. This discrepancy is too large to be attributed to uncertainties in

What is the cause of confidence inflation in the Life Events Inventory (LEI) paradigm?

PubMed

Von Glahn, Nicholas R; Otani, Hajime; Migita, Mai; Langford, Sara J; Hillard, Erin E

2012-01-01

Briefly imagining, paraphrasing, or explaining an event causes people to increase their confidence that this event occurred during childhood-the imagination inflation effect. The mechanisms responsible for the effect were investigated with a new paradigm. In Experiment 1, event familiarity (defined as processing fluency) was varied by asking participants to rate each event once, three times, or five times. No inflation was found, indicating that familiarity does not account for the effect. In Experiment 2, richness of memory representation was manipulated by asking participants to generate zero, three, or six details. Confidence increased from the initial to the final rating in the three- and six-detail conditions, indicating that the effect is based on reality-monitoring errors. However, greater inflation in the three-detail condition than in the six-detail condition indicated that there is a boundary condition. These results were also consistent with an alternative hypothesis, the mental workload hypothesis.

Decrease in tobacco use among Brazilian students: a possible consequence of the ban on cigarette advertising?

PubMed

Galduróz, José Carlos F; Fonseca, Arilton Martins; Noto, Ana Regina; Carlini, E A

2007-06-01

In 2000, cigarette advertising was banned from the Brazilian media [LEI N degrees 10.167, de 27 de dezembro de dezembro. (2000). http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/Leis/L10167.htm]. Nevertheless, not enough surveys have been carried out to measure the impact of the prohibition. The objective of the present survey was to compare the use of tobacco by primary and secondary school students in 1997 and 2004, that is, before and after the ban on tobacco advertising in Brazil. Two surveys were conducted (in 1997 and 2004) using the same methodology, with a target population of primary (from the fifth grade on) and secondary public schools in ten different Brazilian capitals. The sampling was done by conglomerates, stratified, and obtained in two stages. In total, 15,501 students were surveyed in 1997, and 21,712 in 2004. The questionnaire was adapted from an instrument developed by WHO, anonymous, self-administered, and applied collectively in the classroom. In a comparison of the two surveys (1997 and 2004) tobacco lifetime use (used any psychotropic drug at least once in their life) decreased significantly in seven out of ten capitals surveyed. The 11-12 year old age group experienced the largest decrease in tobacco lifetime use. There was a decrease in lifetime use for males in nine capitals, and in eight capitals for females. A decrease was also observed in heavy tobacco use also in eight capitals. In conclusion there was a significant decrease in tobacco consumption among the surveyed students, suggesting that the decrease is related to changes in public policy in Brazil over the surveyed period.

Proteomic analysis of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestinal epithelia: physiological acclimation to short-term starvation.

PubMed

Baumgarner, Bradley L; Bharadwaj, Anant S; Inerowicz, Dorota; Goodman, Angela S; Brown, Paul B

2013-03-01

The intestinal epithelia form the first line of defense against harmful agents in the gut lumen of most monogastric vertebrates, including teleost fishes. Previous investigations into the effect of starvation on the intestinal epithelia of teleost fishes have focused primarily on changes in morphological characteristics and targeted molecular analysis of specific enzymes. The goal of this study was to use a comprehensive approach to help reveal how the intestinal epithelia of carnivorous teleost fishes acclimate to short-term nutrient deprivation. We utilized two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) to conduct the proteomic analysis of the mucosal and epithelial layer of the anterior gut intestinal tract (GIT) from satiation fed vs. 4 week starved rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A total of 40 proteins were determined to be differentially expressed and were subsequently picked for in-gel trypsin digestion. Peptide mass fingerprint analysis was conducted using matrix assisted laser desorption time-of-flight/time-of-flight. Nine of the 11 positively identified proteins were directly related to innate immunity. The expression of α-1 proteinase inhibitor decreased in starved vs. fed fish. Also, the concentration of one leukocyte elastase inhibitor (LEI) isomer decreased in starved fish, though the concentration of another LEI isomer increased in due to starvation. In addition, starvation promoted an increased concentration of the important xenobiotic-transporter p-glycoprotein. Finally, starvation resulted in a significant increase in type II keratin E2. Overall, our results indicate that starvation promoted a reduced capacity to inhibit enzymatic stress but increased xenobiotic resistance and paracellular permeability of epithelial cells in the anterior intestine of rainbow trout. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Development of Sidebands in Tapered and in Untapered Free-Electron Lasers

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-07-01

taken to be of the form a (r,z,t) I a(r,z,t) exp [i z - Wt e x + c.c. 2r T-r) - where A r=mec a r lei is the radiation vector potential, m is the...rest-mass of an electron, lel is the magnitude of the electronic change, c is the speed of light in vacuo, w is the radian frequency, and e is the unit-X... vector along the x axis. The wiggler field is assumed to be plane- polarized, of amplitude B and period 2rt/k : w w B (z) - B exp (ik z)e + c.c. w2w

Installation Restoration Program. Phase 2. Confirmation/Quantification. Stage 2. Volume 3. Luke Air Force Base, Arizona.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-01

4 1r0 S tI I ;C;C 00000000 88 8888 mH I lu-It u~W I C In 1 0 Al0 * I " 1 a lei 0 !’. *’ 0 t I I UpV N MM w k4Ř I in N inM n in in in in in r4 4...John Forrest Luke AFB Richard Johnson WESTON Greg Hill WESTON Synopsis: The first portion of the meeting was a general discussion of well specifications...ore 1963-1964 Lancaster County General Hospital processing operations, 6 6Research laboratory for analytical Mr. Marks air contaminant testing

Double matrix effect in Low Energy Ion Scattering from La surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zameshin, Andrey A.; Yakshin, Andrey E.; Sturm, Jacobus M.; Brongerma, Hidde H.; Bijkerk, Fred

2018-05-01

Low Energy Ion Scattering (LEIS) has been performed on several lanthanum-based surfaces. Strong subsurface matrix effects - dependence of surface scattered He+ ion yield on the composition of subsurface layer - have been observed. The ion yield of He+ scattered by La differed by a factor of up to 2.5 for different surfaces, while only the La peak was visible in the spectra. To study these effects and enable surface quantification, He+ ion yields have been measured in a range of incident He+ energies from 1000 to 7500 eV for LaB6, La2O3, oxidized La and pure La surfaces. The investigation showed that as many as two simultaneous matrix effects are present, each one driven by a separate charge exchange mechanism. The first one is a resonant neutralization from the conduction band of La to an excited state of the He+ ion. It depends on the work function of the surface, which is lowered significantly when La interacts with O or B. The second mechanism is quasiresonant charge transfer between bound La levels and He 1s, which creates characteristic oscillations in the energy dependence of ion yields. The exact structure of the oscillations depends on small changes in binding energies of interacting La levels. This is the first time quasiresonant charge transfer is proven to be present in La. It is likely that La 5p orbitals participate in this resonance, which can be the first clear observation of a resonance between p and s orbitals in LEIS. This type of resonance was previously believed to be absent because of strong damping. We also demonstrated that despite the complex matrix effect precise measurements over a wide energy range allow quantification of the atomic composition of La-based surfaces.

Assimilating leaf area index of three typical types of subtropical forest in China from MODIS time series data based on the integrated ensemble Kalman filter and PROSAIL model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xuejian; Mao, Fangjie; Du, Huaqiang; Zhou, Guomo; Xu, Xiaojun; Han, Ning; Sun, Shaobo; Gao, Guolong; Chen, Liang

2017-04-01

Subtropical forest ecosystems play essential roles in the global carbon cycle and in carbon sequestration functions, which challenge the traditional understanding of the main functional areas of carbon sequestration in the temperate forests of Europe and America. The leaf area index (LAI) is an important biological parameter in the spatiotemporal simulation of the carbon cycle, and it has considerable significance in carbon cycle research. Dynamic retrieval based on remote sensing data is an important method with which to obtain large-scale high-accuracy assessments of LAI. This study developed an algorithm for assimilating LAI dynamics based on an integrated ensemble Kalman filter using MODIS LAI data, MODIS reflectance data, and canopy reflectance data modeled by PROSAIL, for three typical types of subtropical forest (Moso bamboo forest, Lei bamboo forest, and evergreen and deciduous broadleaf forest) in China during 2014-2015. There were some errors of assimilation in winter, because of the bad data quality of the MODIS product. Overall, the assimilated LAI well matched the observed LAI, with R2 of 0.82, 0.93, and 0.87, RMSE of 0.73, 0.49, and 0.42, and aBIAS of 0.50, 0.23, and 0.03 for Moso bamboo forest, Lei bamboo forest, and evergreen and deciduous broadleaf forest, respectively. The algorithm greatly decreased the uncertainty of the MODIS LAI in the growing season and it improved the accuracy of the MODIS LAI. The advantage of the algorithm is its use of biophysical parameters (e.g., measured LAI) in the LAI assimilation, which makes it possible to assimilate long-term MODIS LAI time series data, and to provide high-accuracy LAI data for the study of carbon cycle characteristics in subtropical forest ecosystems.

Production of Carbon Occluded in Phytolith Is Season-Dependent in a Bamboo Forest in Subtropical China

PubMed Central

Huang, Zhang-Ting; Jiang, Pei-Kun; Chang, Scott Xiaochuan; Zhang, Yan; Ying, Yu-Qi

2014-01-01

Carbon (C) occluded in phytolith (PhytOC) is a stable form of C; when PhytOC is returned to the soil through litterfall it is stored in the soil which can be an effective way for long-term C sequestration. However, few estimates on the rate of PhytOC input to the soil are available. To better understand the seasonal dynamics of PhytOC production and the annual rate of stable C sequestration through PhytOC input, we quantified the monthly litterfall, phytolith and PhytOC return to the soil over a year in a typical Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) forest in subtropical China. The monthly litterfall ranged between 14.81 and 131.18 g m−2, and the phytolith concentration in the monthly litterfall samples ranged between 47.21 and 101.68 g kg−1 of litter mass, with the PhytOC concentration in the phytolith ranged between 29.4 and 44.9 g kg−1 of phytolith, equivalent to 1.8–3.6 g kg−1 of PhytOC in the litterfall (based on litterfall dry mass). The amount of phytolith input to the soil system was 292.21±69.12 (mean±SD) kg ha−1 yr−1, sequestering 41.45±9.32 kg CO2−e ha−1 yr−1 of C in the studied Lei bamboo forest. This rate of C sequestration through the formation of PhytOC found in this study falls within the range of rates for other grass-type species reported in the literature. We conclude that return of C occluded in phytolith to the soil can be a substantial source of stable soil C and finding means to increase PhytOC storage in the soil should be able to play a significant role in mitigating the rapidly increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. PMID:25188462

The Impact of Residential Combustion Emissions on Air Quality and Human Health in China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Archer-Nicholls, S.; Wiedinmyer, C.; Baumgartner, J.; Brauer, M.; Cohen, A.; Carter, E.; Frostad, J.; Forouzanfar, M.; Xiao, Q.; Liu, Y.; Yang, X.; Hongjiang, N.; Kun, N.

2015-12-01

Solid fuel cookstoves are used heavily in rural China for both residential cooking and heating purposes. Their use contributes significantly to regional emissions of several key pollutants, including carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, oxides of nitrogen, and aerosol particles. The residential sector was responsible for approximately 36%, 46% and 81% of China's total primary PM2.5, BC and OC emissions respectively in 2005 (Lei et al., 2011). These emissions have serious consequences for household air pollution, ambient air quality, tropospheric ozone formation, and the resulting population health and climate impacts. This paper presents initial findings from the modeling component of a multi-disciplinary energy intervention study currently being conducted in Sichuan, China. The purpose of this effort is to quantify the impact of residential cooking and heating emissions on regional air quality and human health. Simulations with varying levels of residential emissions have been carried out for the whole of 2014 using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), a fully-coupled, "online" regional chemical transport model. Model output is evaluated against surface air quality measurements across China and compared with seasonal (winter and summer) ambient air pollution measurements conducted at the Sichuan study site in 2014. The model output is applied to available exposure—response relationships between PM2.5 and cardiopulmonary health outcomes. The sensitivity in different regions across China to the different cookstove emission scenarios and seasonality of impacts are presented. By estimating the mortality and disease burden risk attributable to residential emissions we demonstrate the potential benefits from large-scale energy interventions. Lei Y, Zhang Q, He KB, Streets DG. 2011. Primary anthropogenic aerosol emission trends for China, 1990-2005. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 11:931-954.

Air Force Human Resources Laboratory Annual Report - Fiscal Year 1979.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

Nut ’ilt’. I itg l I ntI it I v aten voi b% ch p l t. he r stit, bo’vijt rli i’lei . tt oill’tt i u atas : l t iittil ti hual for )it If ffri~i% an( v...and logistivs factors in weapon system design and dv. ch ,lnent studies (Dol) Iirectives 5000.1 and Benefits: The models of Maintenance Resources 5(1o.2...miii or s.kills. Ili o.i~vced a ie’’’. inis’’tine as thlt first gricizp of tit-e F-l0 %veajiiiil -Stlemi. training skills 1-i h r ch lo ’oclq . hIsr the

Micromanaging alloimmunity.

PubMed

Ford, Mandy L

2016-07-01

Increasing evidence indicates that microbes have a large influence on immune function. Previous studies have linked pathogenic microorganisms with decreased allograft tolerance and subsequent rejection. In this issue of the JCI, Lei and colleagues demonstrate that commensal organisms also influence the host response to allograft transplantation. Using murine skin and cardiac transplant models, the authors demonstrate that allograft rejection is accelerated in mice with a normal microbiome compared with germ-free animals and antibiotic-treated mice. The increased graft rejection observed in conventional animals was due to enhanced T cell priming and was mediated through type I IFN. Together, these results suggest that altering a patient's microbial community prior to transplant could improve allograft acceptance.

Global Well-Posedness of the Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cai, Yuan; Lei, Zhen

2018-06-01

This paper studies the Cauchy problem of the incompressible magnetohydro dynamic systems with or without viscosity ν. Under the assumption that the initial velocity field and the displacement of the initialmagnetic field froma non-zero constant are sufficiently small in certain weighted Sobolev spaces, the Cauchy problem is shown to be globally well-posed for all ν ≧ 0 and all spaces with dimension n ≧ 2. Such a result holds true uniformly in nonnegative viscosity parameters. The proof is based on the inherent strong null structure of the systems introduced by Lei (Commun Pure Appl Math 69(11):2072-2106, 2016) and the ghost weight technique introduced by Alinhac (Invent Math 145(3):597-618, 2001).

Identifying Monoclonal Antibodies that Potently Inhibit MERS-CoV | Center for Cancer Research

Cancer.gov

The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), first isolated in September 2012, infects cells lining the human airway, causing severe flu-like symptoms that, in some cases, lead to death. As of July 2, 2014, 824 confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, including at least 286 related deaths, have been reported to the World Health Organization. While there are currently no effective therapies against the virus, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) may be a promising candidate. Having previously developed MAbs against other viruses, including the related severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus or SARS-CoV, Dimiter Dimitrov, Ph.D., of CCR’s Laboratory of Experimental Immunology (LEI), and his colleagues decided to pan a library of antigen binding fragments (Fab) for activity against MERS-CoV.

Multitechnique characterization of oligo(ethylene glycol) functionalized gold nanoparticles.

PubMed

Rafati, Ali; Shard, Alexander G; Castner, David G

2016-11-09

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with average diameters of ∼14 and ∼40 nm, as well as flat gold coated silicon wafers, were functionalized with oligo ethylene glycol (OEG) terminated 1-undecanethiol (HS-CH 2 ) 11 self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Both hydroxyl [(OEG) 4 OH] and methoxy [(OEG) 4 OMe] terminated SAMs were prepared. The AuNPs were characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflectance Fourier infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and low-energy ion scattering (LEIS). These studies provided quantitative information about the OEG functionalized AuNPs. TEM showed the 14 nm AuNPs were more spherical and had a narrower size distribution than the 40 nm AuNPs. ToF-SIMS clearly differentiated between the two OEG SAMs based on the C 3 H 7 O + peak attributed to the methoxy group in the OMe terminated SAMs as well as the different masses of the [Au + M] - ion (M = mass of the thiol molecule) from each type of SAM. Overlayer/substrate ratios quantitatively determined with XPS show a greater proportion of OEG units at the surface of 40 nm AuNPs compared to the 14 nm AuNPs. ATR-FTIR suggested the C11 backbone of the two SAMs on both AuNPs are similar and crystalline, but the OEG head groups are more crystalline on the 40 nm AuNPs compared to the 14 nm AuNPs. This indicated a better ordered SAM present at the surface of the larger, more irregular particles due to greater ordering of the OEG groups. This was consistent with the XPS and LEIS results, which showed a 30% thicker SAM was formed on the 40 nm AuNPs compared to the 14 nm AuNPs. The OH or OMe functionality did not have a significant effect on the ordering and thickness of the OEG SAMs.

Apollo 12 crewmembers greeted by family on arrival at Ellington

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1969-01-01

Members of the Apollo 12 lunar landing mission's crew are greeted by their wives and children at the front of a large crowd on hand to welcome home the three. The Mobile Quarantine Facility (MQF), with the crew inside, arrived at Ellington Air Force Base aboard a U.S. Air Force C0141 transport jet on November 29, 1969. The crewmen, looking out the MQF window at the crowd, are (l-r) Astronauts Charles Conrad Jr., Richard F. Gordon Jr., and ALan L. Bean. Their wives are, from left to right, Mrs. Barbara Gordon, Mrs Jane Conrad and Mrs. Sue Bean. The women are wearing leis, an Hawaii tradition (60759); Conrad talks by phone to members of his family standing outside the MQF. Beside him are Gordon (center) and Bean (60760).

Inclusive breakup calculations in angular momentum basis: Application to 7Li+58Ni

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lei, Jin

2018-03-01

The angular momentum basis method is introduced to solve the inclusive breakup problem within the model proposed by Ichimura, Austern, and Vincent [Phys. Rev. C 32, 431 (1985), 10.1103/PhysRevC.32.431]. This method is based on the geometric transformation between different Jacobi coordinates, in which the particle spins can be included in a natural and efficient way. To test the validity of this partial wave expansion method, a benchmark calculation is done comparing with the one given by Lei and Moro [Phys. Rev. C 92, 044616 (2015), 10.1103/PhysRevC.92.044616]. In addition, using the distorted-wave Born approximation version of the IAV model, applications to 7Li+58Ni reactions at energies around Coulomb barrier are presented and compared with available data.

Photodissociation of Small Molecules and Photoionization of Free Radicals Using the VUV Velocity-Map Imaging Photoion and Photoelectron Method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Hong

The tunable vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) laser generated through the two-photon resonance-enhanced four-wave mixing scheme is combined with the newly developed time-slice velocity map imaging photoion method to study the photodissociation of small molecules in the VUV region, and with the velocity map imaging photoelectron method to study the photoionization of free radicals. The photodissociation dynamics of NO in the energy region around 13.5 eV has been investigated. Branching ratios of the three lowest dissociation channels of 12C 16O that produce C(3P) + O(3P), C( 1D) + O(3P) and C(3P) + O(1D) are measured for the first time in the VUV region from 102,500 cm-1 to 110,500 cm-1, valuable information of the dissociation dynamics for this prototype system has been deduced. We demonstrated an experiment that has two independently tunable VUV lasers and a time-slice velocity map imaging setup, this provides us a global way to perform systematic state-selected photodissociation of small molecules via state-selected detection of the atomic products in the VUV region. The velocity map imaging photoelectron method was successfully used to obtain the photoelectron spectrum of the propargyl radical (C3H3) via a single VUV photoionization process. The propargyl radical is generated by the 193 nm laser photodissociation of the precursor C3H3Cl. This is the first time that the velocity map imaging photoelectron method is used to get the photoelectron spectra of free radicals, indicating that it is a powerful technique for studying the photoionization of free radicals which are always hard to be produced with high enough number densities for spectroscopic studies. This dissertation is mainly based on the following peer-reviewed journal articles: 1. Hong Gao, Yang Pan, Lei Yang, Jingang Zhou, C. Y. Ng and William M. Jackson. "Time-slice velocity-map ion imaging studies of the Photodissociation of NO in the vacuum ultraviolet region", the Journal of Chemical Physics, 136, 134302

Salinity and Temperature Constraints on Microbial Methanogenesis in the Lei-Gong-Huo Mud Volcano of Eastern Taiwan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, W.; Lin, L.; Wang, P.

2012-12-01

Terrestrial mud volcano is thought to be one of the most important natural sources of methane emission. Previous studies have shown that methane cycling in terrestrial mud volcanoes involves a complex reaction network driven by the interactions between subsurface and surface abiotic and microbial processes. In situ methanogenesis appears to produce methane at quantities exceeding those of deeply-sourced thermogenic methane and the capacities of anaerobic methanotrophy at shallow depth levels, thereby contributing significantly to the methane emission. Various degrees of evaporation at surface also lead to the enhancement of chloride concentrations in pore water, favoring the proliferation of halo-tolerant and/or halophilic methanogens. The goal of this study is to investigate the extent of methanogenesis in terrestrial mud volcanoes by incubating mud slurries with various precursors (H2/CO2, acetate, methanol, and methylamine) at different salinities (up to 2000 mM) and temperatures (up to 50 oC). Methane concentrations were monitored through time and molecular analyses were applied to investigate the changes of methanogenic communities. Methanogenesis was stimulated by any investigated precursor at room temperature. However, the methanogenic response to salinity varied. Of the investigated precursors, H2/CO2 and methyl-compounds (methanol and methylamine) stimulated methanogenesis at all investigated salinities. The rates and yields of hydrogen- and methyl-utilizing methanogenesis declined significantly at salinities greater than 1500 mM. Acetate-utilizing methanogenesis proceeded at salinities less than 700 mM. At 40 oC, methanogenesis was stimulated by all investigated precursors at the in situ salinity (~400 mM). At 50 oC, only H2-utilizing methanogenesis was stimulated. Analyses of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) for 16S rRNA genes revealed various patterns upon different precursors and salinities. The TRFLP results combined with clone library analyses indicated that major RFs recovered from incubations with methyl-compounds at room temperature and 40 oC were represented by sequences affiliated with Methanococcoides spp., Methanosarcina spp., and Methanolobus spp. In particular, only Methanosarcina- and Methanococcoides-related members were detected at salinities greater than 1000 mM or at 40 oC. RFs recovered from incubations with H2/CO2 at room temperature and 40 oC were represented by sequences related to different Methanococcus spp. Overall, methanogens utilizing H2/CO2 and methyl-compounds appear to be capable of actively producing methane at salinities greater than acetate-utilizing methanogens could tolerate. These methanogens might adapt better to the fluctuation of salinity or extremely high salinity induced by the surface evaporation in terrestrial mud volcanoes. When considering the overall methane emission from terrestrial mud volcanoes, these halo-tolerant methanogens become a significant factor. Key words: mud volcano, Methane, Methanogenesis, Salinity

A review of the cicada genus Kosemia Matsumura (Hemiptera: Cicadidae).

PubMed

Qi, Shengping; Hayashi, Masami; Wei, Cong

2015-01-21

The genus Kosemia Matsumura is reviewed based on investigation of the described species and the descriptions of two new species, Kosemia castanea sp. n. and Kosemia guanzhongensis sp. n., from Shaanxi Province, China. Two species formerly belonging to the genus Cicadetta Kolenati, C. chinensis (Distant) and C. mogannia (Distant), are transferred to Kosemia Matsumura to become K. chinensis (Distant), comb. n. and K. mogannia (Distant), comb. n.. The male of K. chinensis (Distant), comb. n. is discovered and described for the first time. Melampsalta bifuscata Liu, 1940 is recognized to be a junior synonym of K. chinensis. Leptopsalta rubicosta Chou & Lei, 1997 and Lycurgus sinensis Jacobi, 1944 are recognized to be junior synonyms of K. mogannia. Kosemia radiator (Uhler, 1896) is removed from the Chinese cicada fauna. A key to species of Kosemia is provided. 

Confirmatory factor analysis of the Early Arithmetic, Reading, and Learning Indicators (EARLI)☆

PubMed Central

Norwalk, Kate E.; DiPerna, James Clyde; Lei, Pui-Wa

2015-01-01

Despite growing interest in early intervention, there are few measures available to monitor the progress of early academic skills in preschoolers. The Early Arithmetic, Reading, and Learning Indicators (EARLI; DiPerna, Morgan, & Lei, 2007) were developed as brief assessments of critical early literacy and numeracy skills. The purpose of the current study was to examine the factor structure of the EARLI probes via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in a sample of Head Start preschoolers (N = 289). A two-factor model with correlated error terms and a bifactor model provided comparable fit to the data, although there were some structural problems with the latter model. The utility of the bifactor model for explaining the structure of early academic skills as well as the utility of the EARLI probes as measures of literacy and numeracy skills in preschool are discussed. PMID:24495496

Keeping It All in the Family: "Tu," "Lei" and "Voi." A Study of Address Pronoun Use in Italian

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parkinson, Amber; Hajek, John

2004-01-01

Although the Italian system of address pronouns is relatively complex, scant attention is paid to the issue in L2 manuals designed for English-speaking learners of Italian. After showing that Italian L2 manuals are not necessarily accurate in the limited detail they provide, we examine specifically the frequent claim that so-called informal…

Crustal Footprint of the Hainan Plume beneath Southeast China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, H.; Chen, F.; Leng, W.; Zhang, H.

2016-12-01

A hotspot track is an age-progressive line of volcanos that is connected to a hotspot that may have resulted from interactions between the lithosphere and a deep-seated mantle plume [Campbell and Griffiths, 1990; Richards et al., 1989]. Although global and regional seismic tomography results have revealed the presence of a mantle plume beneath Hainan Island [Lebedev et al., 2003; Lei et al., 2009; Huang, 2014], there is little evidence for a hotspot track associated with the Hainan plume. Here, a joint inversion of seismology and gravity data was performed with the receiver function method, and the results show that a linear corridor of seismic velocity anomalies at the base of the crust is located northeast of Hainan Island beneath southeast China. Geodynamic modeling demonstrates that this corridor could have formed by the interactions between a mantle plume and the continental lithosphere with a weak lower crust. Volcanic age distributions further suggest that this track likely formed in the Cenozoic, which constrains the average plate velocities of the South China Block during the Cenozoic to 2-6 cm/yr to the northeast. These results provide an independent reference frame for the motion history of the Eurasia plate in the Cenozoic. References 1. Campbell I H, Griffiths R W. Implications of mantle plume structure for the evolution of flood basalts [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1990, 99(1): 79-93. 2. Richards M A, Duncan R A, Courtillot V E. Flood basalts and hot-spot tracks: plume heads and tails [J]. Science, 1989, 246(4926): 103-107. 3. Lebedev S, Nolet G. Upper mantle beneath Southeast Asia from S velocity tomography [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978-2012), 2003, 108(B1). 4. Lei J, Zhao D, Steinberger B, et al. New seismic constraints on the upper mantle structure of the Hainan plume [J]. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 2009, 173(1): 33-50. 5. Huang J. P-and S-wave tomography of the Hainan and surrounding

Laser-Excited Atomic Fluorescence and Ionization in a Graphite Furnace for the Determination of Metals and Nonmetals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Butcher, David James

1990-01-01

Here is reported novel instrumentation for atomic spectrometry that combined the use of a pulsed laser system as the light source and an electrothermal atomizer as the atom cell. The main goal of the research was to develop instrumentation that was more sensitive for elemental analysis than commercially available instruments and could be used to determine elements in real sample matrices. Laser excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry (LEAFS) in an electrothermal atomizer (ETA) was compared to ETA atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) for the determination of thallium, manganese, and lead in food and agricultural standard reference materials (SRMs). Compared to ETA AAS, ETA LEAFS has a longer linear dynamic range (LDR) (5-7 orders of magnitude compared to 2-3 orders of magnitude) and higher sensitivity (10 ^{-16} to 10^{ -14} g as compared to 10^{ -13} to 10^{-11} g). Consequently, ETA LEAFS allows elemental analysis to be done over a wider range of concentrations with less dilution steps. Thallium was accurately determined in biological samples by ETA LEAFS at amounts five to one hundred times below the ETA AAS detection limit. ETA AAS and ETA LEAFS were compared for the determination of lead and manganese, and in general, the accuracies and precisions of ETA AAS were the same, with typical precisions between 3% and 6%. Fluorine was determined using laser excited molecular fluorescence spectrometry (LEMOFS) in an ETA. Molecular fluorescence from magnesium fluoride was collected, and the detection limit of 0.3 pg fluorine was two to six orders of magnitude more sensitive than other methods commonly used for the determination of fluorine. Significant interferences from ions were observed, but the sensitivity was high enough that fluorine could be determined in freeze dried urine SRMs by diluting the samples by a factor of one hundred to remove the interferences. Laser enhanced ionization (LEI) in an ETA was used for the determination of metals. For thallium, indium

Dual-polarization phase shift processing with the Python ARM Radar Toolkit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Collis, S. M.; Lang, T. J.; Mühlbauer, K.; Helmus, J.; North, K.

2016-12-01

-Observed Characteristics of Precipitating Systems during NAME 2004. J. Climate, 20, 1713-1733. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI4082.1[3] Scott E. Giangrande, Robert McGraw, and Lei Lei, 2013: An Application of Linear Programming to Polarimetric Radar Differential Phase Processing. JTECH. 30, 1716-1729, doi: 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00147.1.

Apollo 12 Crewmembers - Greeting - Family - Arrival - Ellington AFB (EAFB), TX

NASA Image and Video Library

1969-11-29

S69-60759 (29 Nov. 1969) --- Members of the Apollo 12 lunar landing mission's crew are greeted by their wives and children at the front of a large crowd on hand to welcome the three home. The Mobile Quarantine Facility (MQF), with the crew inside, arrived at Ellington Air Force Base aboard a United States Air Force C-141 transport jet in the early morning hours of Nov. 29, 1969. The crew men, looking out the MQF window at the crowd, are from left to right, astronauts Charles Conrad Jr., Richard F. Gordon Jr. and Alan L. Bean. Their wives are, from left to right, Mrs. Barbara Gordon, Mrs. Jane Conrad and Mrs. Sue Bean. The women are wearing lei's, an Hawaiian tradition. The crew members were taken to Hawaii from their Pacific Ocean recovery site aboard the USS Hornet, prime recovery vessel for the mission.

[Evaporating Droplet and Imaging Slip Flows

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Larson, R. G.

2002-01-01

In this report, we summarize work on Evaporating Droplet and Imaging Slip Flows. The work was primarily performed by post-doc Hue Hu, and partially by grad students Lei Li and Danish Chopra. The work includes studies on droplet evaporation and its effects on temperature and velocity fields in an evaporating droplet, new 3-D microscopic particle image velocimetry and direct visualization on wall slip in a surfactant solution. With the exception of the slip measurements, these projects were those proposed in the grant application. Instead of slip flow, the original grant proposed imaging electro-osmotic flows. However, shortly after the grant was issued, the PI became aware of work on electro-osmotic flows by the group of Saville in Princeton that was similar to that proposed, and we therefore elected to carry out work on imaging slip flows rather than electro-osmotic flows.

On the relation between economic bubbles and effort gaps between sellers and buyers: An experimental study

PubMed Central

Kauffmann, Amitay; Ashby, Nathaniel J. S.; Zahavi, Gal

2017-01-01

Economic bubbles are an empirical puzzle because they do not readily fit the notion of an efficient market. We argue that bubbles are associated with a conflict and a gap in the allocation of effort during negotiation by sellers and buyers. We examined 21 experimental asset markets where in one condition players could buy and sell and in the other they could either buy or sell. The results indicated that when making concurrent buying and selling decisions the mean number of asks for sellers was 71% higher than the number of bids for buyers. Similar findings emerge in a re-analysis of data from Lei et al. (2001). Importantly, bubbles only emerged in markets where the number of asks was larger than that of bids. These findings indicate that bubbles are associated with increased negotiation effort when acting as a seller and diminished effort when acting as a buyer. PMID:29228034

Long-term intensive management increased carbon occluded in phytolith (PhytOC) in bamboo forest soils

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Zhang-Ting; Li, Yong-Fu; Jiang, Pei-Kun; Chang, Scott X.; Song, Zhao-Liang; Liu, Juan; Zhou, Guo-Mo

2014-01-01

Carbon (C) occluded in phytolith (PhytOC) is highly stable at millennium scale and its accumulation in soils can help increase long-term C sequestration. Here, we report that soil PhytOC storage significantly increased with increasing duration under intensive management (mulching and fertilization) in Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) plantations. The PhytOC storage in 0-40 cm soil layer in bamboo plantations increased by 217 Mg C ha-1, 20 years after being converted from paddy fields. The PhytOC accumulated at 79 kg C ha-1 yr-1, a rate far exceeding the global mean long-term soil C accumulation rate of 24 kg C ha-1 yr-1 reported in the literature. Approximately 86% of the increased PhytOC came from the large amount of mulch applied. Our data clearly demonstrate the decadal scale management effect on PhytOC accumulation, suggesting that heavy mulching is a potential method for increasing long-term organic C storage in soils for mitigating global climate change.

Measurement of the Onsager coefficients of mixed ionic-electronic conduction in oxides

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Doh-Kwon; Yoo, Han-Ill

2007-06-01

In the phenomenon of mixed ionic-electronic conduction in solid state, a flow of mobile ions (Ji) may be induced not only directly by their own electrochemical potential gradient (∇ηi) , but also indirectly by that of electrons (∇ηe) , and vice versa for a flow of electrons (Je) or Jm=-Lmn∇ηn (m,n=i,e) . We have recently succeeded in determining experimentally all the four Onsager coefficients Lmn on the system of TiO2 , and reported [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 255901 (2006)] that the Onsager reciprocity is verified within 1.3% error bound (Lie/Lei=0.993±0.013) and contrary to the general belief, the cross coefficient is not only not negligible but also even larger than a direct one (1.5⩽Lie/Lii⩽3.7) . This paper details the experimental technique which allows one to measure all the Onsager coefficients in a mixed conductor oxide.

Hurlburt Field, Valparaiso, Florida. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO)

DTIC Science & Technology

1972-05-25

3,5! 1456 121 10.3 8.3 -- 3 3.~ 2.8 _______ 14521 15R,17 9,7,1. 7,1 111 293 .1 _25 1415 18 -20 4.71 4. 2 4a2 4 16.9 2,11 1395 21.23 3,2 3,2 3.2 e3 a lei8...1440 12-14 3,9. _ ___ I 0,5 1.1 5,.o 7,6 1440 15-i 2,8 8,5 _,51 2,1 4,6 .6o5 1440 18 -20 1.7 7.0 70 1.7 4.5 .6.2 1440 f1-23 11 515 5,5 1.4 3,5 4,9 1401...1 7, 4 __ 23.7 1440 ___ 0 9-11 o. 3,8 6 __f___ 3,s 6,0____ 1106 1440 lZm14 3.4__ 3,4...± 3 11 5.6 ,11 40 15-17 4z 4*0 4.0 3.4 5.2 8,41 1440 , 18 -20 I

[Combining herbs with medication--risks vs. chances].

PubMed

Amir, Nir

2013-07-01

Traditional herbal medicine is driven by the use of plants or parts of plants, which have undergone minimal processing in order to treat disease and improve health. The article: "Traditional Immunosuppression--Lei Gong Teng in Modern Medicine", published in this issue of "Harefuah", raises the importance of integrating herbal medicine within the existing medical system. However, there are various limitations on integrating herbology in official frameworks, such as bureaucratic and legislative restrictions concerning the safety and efficacy of the herbs. This allows the marketing of many plants without a prescription requirement or professional advice. Another limitation relates to therapists, some of whom have not undergone proper training and may recommend the improper use of plants, resulting in a problematic combination with drugs in some cases. Regulation is necessary in order to better serve both the public and doctors. Regulation will define who is allowed to work with herbs and this will create a secure integration of herbs into the formal medical world.

Long-term intensive management increased carbon occluded in phytolith (PhytOC) in bamboo forest soils

PubMed Central

Huang, Zhang-ting; Li, Yong-fu; Jiang, Pei-kun; Chang, Scott X.; Song, Zhao-liang; Liu, Juan; Zhou, Guo-mo

2014-01-01

Carbon (C) occluded in phytolith (PhytOC) is highly stable at millennium scale and its accumulation in soils can help increase long-term C sequestration. Here, we report that soil PhytOC storage significantly increased with increasing duration under intensive management (mulching and fertilization) in Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) plantations. The PhytOC storage in 0–40 cm soil layer in bamboo plantations increased by 217 Mg C ha−1, 20 years after being converted from paddy fields. The PhytOC accumulated at 79 kg C ha−1 yr−1, a rate far exceeding the global mean long-term soil C accumulation rate of 24 kg C ha−1 yr−1 reported in the literature. Approximately 86% of the increased PhytOC came from the large amount of mulch applied. Our data clearly demonstrate the decadal scale management effect on PhytOC accumulation, suggesting that heavy mulching is a potential method for increasing long-term organic C storage in soils for mitigating global climate change. PMID:24398703

Acute effects of aerobic exercise on mood and hunger feelings in male obese adolescents: a crossover study.

PubMed

Lofrano-Prado, Mara Cristina; Hill, James O; Silva, Humberto José Gomes; Freitas, Camila Rodrigues Menezes; Lopes-de-Souza, Sandra; Lins, Tatiana Acioli; do Prado, Wagner Luiz

2012-04-03

The aim of this study was to determine the acute effects of exercise intensity on anxiety, mood states and hunger in obese adolescents. Subjects were eight male obese adolescents (age 15.44 ± 2.06 y; BMI 33.06 ± 4.78 kg/m2). Each subject underwent three experimental trials: (1) Control, seated for 30 min; (2) Low intensity exercise (LIE)--exercise at 10% below ventilatory threshold (VT); (3) High intensity exercise (HIE)--exercise at 10% above VT. Anxiety (STAI Trait/State), mood (POMS) and hunger (VAS) were assessed before and immediately after the experimental sessions. Comparisons between trials and times were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests, respectively. Associations between variables were described using a Spearman test. The largest increase in hunger was observed after LEI (914.22%). Both exercise sessions increased anxiety, fatigue and decreased vigor (p < 0.05). Acute exercise bouts are associated with negative changes in anxiety and mood, and with increases in hunger in obese adolescents.

Discovery of glycine sulfonamides as dual inhibitors of sn-1-diacylglycerol lipase α and α/β-hydrolase domain 6.

PubMed

Janssen, Freek J; Deng, Hui; Baggelaar, Marc P; Allarà, Marco; van der Wel, Tom; den Dulk, Hans; Ligresti, Alessia; van Esbroeck, Annelot C M; McGuire, Ross; Di Marzo, Vincenzo; Overkleeft, Herman S; van der Stelt, Mario

2014-08-14

sn-1-Diacylglycerol lipase α (DAGL-α) is the main enzyme responsible for the production of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol in the central nervous system. Glycine sulfonamides have recently been identified by a high throughput screening campaign as a novel class of inhibitors for this enzyme. Here, we report on the first structure-activity relationship study of glycine sulfonamide inhibitors and their brain membrane proteome-wide selectivity on serine hydrolases with activity-based protein profiling (ABPP). We found that (i) DAGL-α tolerates a variety of biaryl substituents, (ii) the sulfonamide is required for inducing a specific orientation of the 2,2-dimethylchroman substituent, and (iii) a carboxylic acid is essential for its activity. ABPP revealed that the sulfonamide glycine inhibitors have at least three off-targets, including α/β-hydrolase domain 6 (ABHD6). Finally, we identified LEI-106 as a potent, dual DAGL-α/ABHD6 inhibitor, which makes this compound a potential lead for the discovery of new molecular therapies for diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Dataset of red light induced pupil constriction superimposed on post-illumination pupil response.

PubMed

Lei, Shaobo; Goltz, Herbert C; Sklar, Jaime C; Wong, Agnes M F

2016-09-01

We collected and analyzed pupil diameter data from of 7 visually normal participants to compare the maximum pupil constriction (MPC) induced by "Red Only" vs. "Blue+Red" visual stimulation conditions. The "Red Only" condition consisted of red light (640±10 nm) stimuli of variable intensity and duration presented to dark-adapted eyes with pupils at resting state. This condition stimulates the cone-driven activity of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC). The "Blue+Red" condition consisted of the same red light stimulus presented during ongoing blue (470±17 nm) light-induced post-illumination pupil response (PIPR), representing the cone-driven ipRGC activity superimposed on the melanopsin-driven intrinsic activity of the ipRGCs ("The Absence of Attenuating Effect of Red light Exposure on Pre-existing Melanopsin-Driven Post-illumination Pupil Response" Lei et al. (2016) [1]). MPC induced by the "Red Only" condition was compared with the MPC induced by the "Blue+Red" condition by multiple paired sample t -tests with Bonferroni correction.

Geographic List of Prime Contract Awards. Oct 1992-Sep 1993. FY 1993. (Acton (Sta), Mass.-Wayne County, Missouri). Part 7

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

ED00LEI00ED00 0D 00C ( o DE O 1 c’m mmlmmm am mm~ mII MeO ds~)(4 - -4,.4-I4 .-4 ’ 4 -4 -4 4 No v0 to M (V) 110 1 0 4’) If I (i9tot i 0 (20) D(1...ooIm~0o Uom4-( el.W it I W00 II’a4- 00 W4al 000 0al0al)04fal -n U )-4 as W IfI cacao IIZN.-4 V-4 &A-4 v -4 to CO-E..4-4 " .*-E4 4 -4 -4U1r -44-v .4 -40...n E 44V4.*4 x Cn 11 cacao MI mn -4.E W CON Off 0 00050 If >- 11 01 cooG it -4 _a LLa 11 c 1 0000 1 N4cr 11 100 0 W 1 11 1 E for 10 -4- -4 -.4 -4- ý4

Modelling soil organic carbon stocks along topographic transects under climate change scenarios using CarboSOIL

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kotb Abd-Elmabod, Sameh; Muñoz-Rojas, Miriam; Jordán, Antonio; Anaya-Romero, María; de la Rosa, Diego

2014-05-01

CarboSOIL is a land evaluation model for soil organic carbon (SOC) accounting under global change scenarios (Muñoz-Rojas et al., 2013a; 2013b) and is a new component of the MicroLEIS Decision Support System. MicroLEIS is a tool for decision-makers dealing with specific agro-ecological problems as, for example, soil contamination risks (Abd-Elmabod et al., 2010; Abd-Elmabod et al., 2012)which has been designed as a knowledge-based approach incorporating a set of interlinked data bases. Global change and land use changes in recent decades have caused relevant impacts in vegetation carbon stocks (Muñoz-Rojas et al., 2011) and soil organic carbon stocks, especially in sensible areas as the Mediterranean region (Muñoz-Rojas et al., 2012a; 2012b). This study aims to investigate the influence of topography, climate, land use and soil factors on SOC stocks by the application of CarboSOIL in a representative area of the Mediterranean region (Seville, Spain). Two topographic transects (S-N and W-E oriented) were considered, including 63 points separated 4 km each. These points are associated to 41 soil profiles extracted from the SDBm soil data base (De la Rosa et al., 2001) and climatic information (average minimum temperature, average maximum temperature and average rainfall per month) extracted from raster data bases (Andalusian Environmental Information Network, REDIAM). CarboSOIL has been applied along topographic transects at different soil depths and under different climate change scenarios. Climate scenarios have been calculated according to the global climate model (CNRMCM3) by extracting spatial climate data under IPCC A1B scenario for the current period (average data from 1960-2000), 2040, 2070 and 2100. In the current scenario, results show that the highest SOC stock values located on Typic Haploxeralfs under olive groves for soil sections 0-25 cm and for 25-50 cm, but the highest values were determined on fruit-cropped Rendolic Xerothent in the 50-75cm

An Introduction to Human Resource Development in Taiwan, R.O.C. = Jong Hwa Min Gwo Ren Li Tz Yuan Fa Jaan Jyan Jieh.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Lung-Sheng; Chen, Ya-Yan

In Taiwan, human resource development (HRD) is defined as the systematic education, training, and development employers provide for their employees as well as organizational development for corporations. A history of HRD development indicates that in the 1960s, the government began to implement planning measures for HRD in business and industry;…

A Astronomia no Ensino Superior Brasileiro entre 1808 e 1889

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bretones, Paulo S.; Videira, Antonio A. P.

2003-05-01

Este artigo apresenta os principais eventos ocorridos na história do ensino de astronomia nos cursos superiores que existiram no Brasil desde a chegada da Família Real portuguesa em 1808 até o final do período monárquico. Para compor esse esboço histórico, utilizamos, principalmente, livros didáticos, regulamentos, decretos e leis responsáveis pelas organizações dos conteúdos oferecidos e das carreiras dos responsáveis pela disciplina. Na análise do material empregado, investigamos a presença de concepções filosóficas e científicas, que podem ter norteado os conteúdos disciplinares. Não realizamos nenhuma comparação com o ensino de astronomia em outros países. Concluímos mostrando que o estudo de astronomia, durante o período monárquico, foi mais direcionado para a formação d engenheiros do que astrônomos. Gostaríamos de observar que o presente artigo não tem a pretensão de abordar o assunto de maneira completa e detalhada.

[Analysis of the decision to buy medicine in light of the existence of generic products: a study in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil].

PubMed

Sousa, Caissa Veloso E; Mesquita, Jose Marcos Carvalho de; Lara, José Edson

2013-11-01

The scope of this study is to identify the factors that influence the consumer's decision when buying medicine. Prior to the Generics Act (Lei dos Genéricos), consumers had at their disposal two product purchase options in the private market, namely buying a reference drug and a similar one. Generic drugs are part of a public policy which was intended to broaden access to medication by the general population at more accessible costs, while maintaining the same quality as the reference drug, as ensured by bioequivalence tests from the national health surveillance agency ANVISA. Nevertheless, a question arises as to whether the potential consumer knows the difference between generic, similar and reference drugs, especially when taking into account the decision at the moment of purchase. In order to fulfill the proposed objective, a survey was conducted with 403 residents in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The data gathered was tabulated and analyzed using factor analysis and crosstab. The results made it possible to infer that there is a strong predisposition among consumers to accept the suggestions of the pharmacists and/or salesman, and a significant portion of the population is confused at the moment of purchase.

Vygotsky's Fragile Genius in Time and Place: Essay Review of "Understanding Vygotsky: A Quest for Synthesis" by Rene van der Veer and Jaan Valsiner.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Youniss, James

1994-01-01

Briefly summarizes Vygotsky's life, the appeal and subsequent abandonment of his ideas in the 1960s, and renewal of interest in the 1970s and 1980s (often at the expense of Piaget). Praises van der Veer and Valsinger's book as a realistic picture of Vygotsky's background, life, and work, of the scientific and political context in Russia and of his…

Surface Structure of TiO2 Rutile (011) Exposed to Liquid Water

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

The rutile TiO2(011) surface exhibits a (2 × 1) reconstruction when prepared by standard techniques in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). Here we report that a restructuring occurs upon exposing the surface to liquid water at room temperature. The experiment was performed in a dedicated UHV system, equipped for direct and clean transfer of samples between UHV and liquid environment. After exposure to liquid water, an overlayer with a (2 × 1) symmetry was observed containing two dissociated water molecules per unit cell. The two OH groups yield an apparent “c(2 × 1)” symmetry in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images. On the basis of STM analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, this overlayer is attributed to dissociated water on top of the unreconstructed (1 × 1) surface. Investigation of possible adsorption structures and analysis of the domain boundaries in this structure provide strong evidence that the original (2 × 1) reconstruction is lifted. Unlike the (2 × 1) reconstruction, the (1 × 1) surface has an appropriate density and symmetry of adsorption sites. The possibility of contaminant-induced restructuring was excluded based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy He+ ion scattering (LEIS) measurements. PMID:29285204

Multitechnique characterisation of 304L surface states oxidised at high temperature in steam and air atmospheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mamede, Anne-Sophie; Nuns, Nicolas; Cristol, Anne-Lise; Cantrel, Laurent; Souvi, Sidi; Cristol, Sylvain; Paul, Jean-François

2016-04-01

In case of a severe accident occurring in a nuclear reactor, surfaces of the reactor coolant system (RCS), made of stainless steel (304L) rich in Cr (>10%) and Ni (8-12%), are oxidised. Fission products (FPs) are released from melt fuel and flow through the RCS. A part of them is deposited onto surfaces either by vapour condensation or by aerosol deposition mechanisms. To be able to understand the nature of interactions between these FPs and the RCS surfaces, a preliminary step is to characterize the RSC surface states in steam and air atmosphere at high temperatures. Pieces of 304L stainless steel have been treated in a flow reactor at two different temperatures (750 °C and 950 °C) for two different exposition times (24 h and 72 h). After surfaces analysing by a unique combination of surface analysis techniques (XPS, ToF-SIMS and LEIS), for 304L, the results show a deep oxide scale with multi layers and the outer layer is composed of chromium and manganese oxides. Oxide profiles differ in air or steam atmosphere. Fe2O3 oxide is observed but in minor proportion and in all cases no nickel is detected near the surface. Results obtained are discussed and compared with the literature data.

Balance-Equation Approach to Nonuniform Electron Transport in Nonparabolic Semiconductors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cao, Juncheng; Lei, Xiaolin

1998-10-01

On the basis of the Lei-Ting balance-equation transport theory recently developed for nonparabolic energy band, we propose a hydrodynamic approach to the spatially inhomogeneous electron transport in semiconductor devices. In the present approach, the momentum and energy collision terms are expressed by two nonlinear functions, the frictional acceleration and energy-loss rate, which give a detailed scattering-process-level description of nonstationary and nonlocal charge transport in the system. This approach allows one to calculate selfconsistently the transport parameters within the model itself based on the primary material data (band structure, deformation potential constant, etc.), thus it minimizes the uncertainty associated with the use of some empirical relations for transport coefficients. As a demonstration of the approach, we have carried out a numerical calculation for a submicrometer Si n^+nn^+ diode by assuming an isotropic Kane-type energy band. The results for electron velocity and energy, obtained at much less computing cost than the Monte-Carlo (MC) method, are in good agreement with MC prediction. The influence of heat-flow term on electron transport behaviour, especially on velocity overshoot, is also investigated. The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, National and Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology, and the Shanghai Foundation for Research and Development of Applied Materials

The lifespan of 3D radial solutions to the non-isentropic relativistic Euler equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wei, Changhua

2017-10-01

This paper investigates the lower bound of the lifespan of three-dimensional spherically symmetric solutions to the non-isentropic relativistic Euler equations, when the initial data are prescribed as a small perturbation with compact support to a constant state. Based on the structure of the hyperbolic system, we show the almost global existence of the smooth solutions to Eulerian flows (polytropic gases and generalized Chaplygin gases) with genuinely nonlinear characteristics. While for the Eulerian flows (Chaplygin gas and stiff matter) with mild linearly degenerate characteristics, we show the global existence of the radial solutions, moreover, for the non-strictly hyperbolic system (pressureless perfect fluid) satisfying the mild linearly degenerate condition, we prove the blowup phenomenon of the radial solutions and show that the lifespan of the solutions is of order O(ɛ ^{-1}), where ɛ denotes the width of the perturbation. This work can be seen as a complement of our work (Lei and Wei in Math Ann 367:1363-1401, 2017) for relativistic Chaplygin gas and can also be seen as a generalization of the classical Eulerian fluids (Godin in Arch Ration Mech Anal 177:497-511, 2005, J Math Pures Appl 87:91-117, 2007) to the relativistic Eulerian fluids.

[Research progress in molecular classification of gastric cancer].

PubMed

Zhou, Menglong; Li, Guichao; Zhang, Zhen

2016-09-25

Gastric cancer(GC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy. The present widely used histopathological classifications have gradually failed to meet the needs of individualized diagnosis and treatment. Development of technologies such as microarray and next-generation sequencing (NGS) has allowed GC to be studied at the molecular level. Mechanisms about tumorigenesis and progression of GC can be elucidated in the aspects of gene mutations, chromosomal alterations, transcriptional and epigenetic changes, on the basis of which GC can be divided into several subtypes. The classifications of Tan's, Lei's, TCGA and ACRG are relatively comprehensive. Especially the TCGA and ACRG classifications have large sample size and abundant molecular profiling data, thus, the genomic characteristics of GC can be depicted more accurately. However, significant differences between both classifications still exist so that they cannot be substituted for each other. So far there is no widely accepted molecular classification of GC. Compared with TCGA classification, ACRG system may have more clinical significance in Chinese GC patients since the samples are mostly from Asian population and show better association with prognosis. The molecular classification of GC may provide the theoretical and experimental basis for early diagnosis, therapeutic efficacy prediction and treatment stratification while their clinical application is still limited. Future work should involve the application of molecular classifications in the clinical settings for improving the medical management of GC.

Radon removal by poe gac systems: Design, performance, and cost

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lowry, J.D.; Lowry, S.B.; Cline, J.K.

1990-11-01

The report summarizes previous research conducted by Lowry Engineering, Inc. (LEI), the Maine Department of Human Services, Division of Health Engineering, and the University of Maine, Department of civil Engineering, on the removal of Rn from drinking water supplies using granular activated carbon (GAC) in 121 point-of-entry (POE) applications. The primary focus of the work was an analysis of the existing treatment data collected over the past seven years at POE locations in 12 states. All but three systems treated private househuLd well supplies. In addition, two schools and one public water supply were included. In summary, the POE GACmore » treatment was very effective, with the exception of approximately 6 percent of the units that exhibited diminishing effectiveness over time. Ninety-four and 84 percent of all units exceeded 90 and 95 percent removal, respectively. The need for gamma shielding was evaluated and related to the raw water Rn level treated by the POE devices. While POE GAC installations were found to be effective, the use of GAC for Rn removal may be limited in the future to wells containing less than 5,000 to 10,000 pCi/L. This would result if the private residence desired to achieve the new MCL for Rn, which is expected to be set between 200 and 2,000 pCi/L.« less

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis between Indian red jungle fowl and domestic chicken using microsatellite markers.

PubMed

Kumar, Vinay; Shukla, Sanjeev K; Mathew, Jose; Sharma, Deepak

2015-01-01

The present study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity, population structure, and relatedness in Indian red jungle fowl (RJF, Gallus gallus murgi) from northern India and three domestic chicken populations (gallus gallus domesticus), maintained at the institute farms, namely White Leghorn (WL), Aseel (AS) and Red Cornish (RC) using 25 microsatellite markers. All the markers were polymorphic, the number of alleles at each locus ranged from five (MCW0111) to forty-three (LEI0212) with an average number of 19 alleles per locus. Across all loci, the mean expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content were 0.883 and 0.872, respectively. Population-specific alleles were found in each population. A UPGMA dendrogram based on shared allele distances clearly revealed two major clusters among the four populations; cluster I had genotypes from RJF and WL whereas cluster II had AS and RC genotypes. Furthermore, the estimation of population structure was performed to understand how genetic variation is partitioned within and among populations. The maximum ▵K value was observed for K = 4 with four identified clusters. Furthermore, factorial analysis clearly showed four clustering; each cluster represented the four types of population used in the study. These results clearly, demonstrate the potential of microsatellite markers in elucidating the genetic diversity, relationships, and population structure analysis in RJF and domestic chicken populations.

Geochemical Consequences of Lithospheric Delamination in the Eastern Mediterranean: Evidence From Young Turkish Basalts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Furman, T.; Kurkcuoglu, B.; Plummer, C.

2007-12-01

Magmatism associated with continental collision is increasingly attributed to major disturbance of or within the lithosphere. Geochemical and isotopic data on post-collisional primitive mafic lavas from across the Anatolian plate enable us to assess the effects of lithospheric delamination (slab rollback and breakoff) as indicated by geophysical studies. The Anatolian province displays geodynamically complex manifestations of the closure of neo-Tethys and the collision between Africa and Europe that commenced circa 30 Ma. The current south- southwestward motion of Anatolia, a.k.a. "Turkish escape", is accommodated by slab rollback along the Hellenic trench and orogenic collapse along both the eastern and western margins of the microplate. Volcanism occurs primarily along the fault zones that border and cross-cut Anatolia, and major element characteristics of the lavas vary with both space and time. In Western Anatolia, early Miocene collisional calc- alkaline magmatism was followed by Quaternary alkaline volcanism (Alici et al. 1998, 2002; Aldanmaz et al. 2000, 2006) related to orogenic collapse, presumably resulting from slab rollback. Orogenic collapse in Eastern Anatolia is facilitated by slab breakoff as determined by geophysical studies (Zor et al. 2003; Angus et al. 2006; Lei & Zhao 2007). This transition was accompanied a change from mid-Miocene calc-alkaline to Quaternary alkaline volcanism (e.g., Yilmaz 1990; Pearce et al. 1990). Central Anatolia displays calc-alkaline and tholeiitic volcanism, including alkali olivine basalts; plate tectonic reconstructions (Lyberis et al. 1992) indicate that the African slab did not reach Central Anatolia. Sr-Nd isotope values from each volcanic province define linear arrays that converge upon a common unradiogenic value typical of global depleted mantle. We suggest that mafic volcanism throughout Anatolia is supported by a common asthenospheric component, modified by identifiable, location-specific additions. In areas

Painless Urethral Bleeding During Penile Erection in an Adult Man With Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome: A Case Report.

PubMed

Lei, Hongen; Guan, Xing; Han, Hu; Qian, Xiaosong; Zhou, Xiaoguang; Zhang, Xiaodong; Tian, Long

2018-06-01

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital vascular disorder characterized by a triad of cutaneous port wine capillary malformations, varicose veins, and hemihypertrophy of bone and soft tissues. To report on a rare case of KTS in an adult man manifested by painless urethral bleeding during penile erection briefly review the clinical presentation and management of the genitourinary forms of this syndrome. On presentation, the clinical features of this patient, including medical history, signs and symptoms, and imaging examinations, were recorded. After diagnosis and initial treatment, a literature review of the urethral features of KTS was performed and is discussed in this report. A 35-year-old man with KTS presented with painless urethral bleeding during penile erection that was associated with posterior urethral vascular malformations. The coagulation method was used to treat the malformation, and no urethral bleeding or gross hematuria occurred during a postoperative follow-up period of 6 months. This case demonstrates that coagulation therapy and careful follow-up can be adequate treatment approaches for urethral features of KTS. However, the long-term efficacy of coagulation for this disorder should be investigated further. Lei H, Guan X, Han H, et al. Painless Urethral Bleeding During Penile Erection in an Adult Man With Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome: A Case Report. Sex Med 2018;6:180-183. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Classroom climate and science-related attitudes of junior high school students in Taiwan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lin, Bao-Shan; Crawley, Frank E., III

Differences in classroom climate and science related attitudes were investigated among junior high school science classes and students in Taiwan. The sample consisted of 1,269 students enrolled in 40 science classes distributed equally among ten junior high schools, five metropolitan and five rural. Classes were further classified according to sex (21 boys and 19 girls classes) and ability (19 high and 21 low ability classes). Using the Learning Environment Inventory (Anderson, Walberg, & Fraser, 1982) to measure climate, science classes in metropolitan schools, more than rural, were found to be characterized by Speed, Friction, Favoritism, Difficulty, Cliqueness, and Competitiveness. No differences were found in the classroom climates of classes in which students were grouped according to sex or ability. Using the Test of Science-Related Attitudes (Fraser, 1981), students in science classes in metropolitan schools, in contrast to rural, expressed more positive attitudes toward the Social Implications of Science, Adoption of Scientific Attitudes, and Attitude to Scientific Inquiry. Boys more than girls recorded high scores on Leisure Interest in Science and Career Interest in Science. High ability students were found to have higher scores on Attitude to Scientific Inquiry than did low ability students. When examining the relationship between the 15 subscale scores of the LEI and the seven subscale scores of the TOSRA for the 40 classes, only 9 out of 105 correlations proved to be significant. Most differences in climate, attitude, and their interactions were attributed to school location rather than to student characteristics.

Toxic effects of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F on the reproductive system of adolescent male rats.

PubMed

Jing, Xiaoping; Cheng, Weiwei; Guo, Sheng; Zou, Ya; Zhang, Ting; He, Li

2017-11-01

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. (TWHF) is a compound extracted from Lei Gong Teng (Thunder God Vine) that has been used to treat a variety of immune-related diseases in clinical practice, particularly in pediatrics. Nevertheless, clinical data indicated that glycosides from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (GTW) are toxic to the male reproductive system, but the mechanism is unknown. Here, the administration of a high dose of GTW for 4 weeks and a low dose for 12 weeks can reduce the body weights and testes weights in adolescent male rats. This effect is accompanied by a significantly reduction in the serum testosterone levels. Notably, short-term use of high-dose GTW or long-term use of low-dose GTW leads to testicular damage in adolescent male rats. Furthermore, the expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), cytochrome P450 17-hydroxylase (P450c17), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) mRNAs and proteins in the testes was down-regulated by a short-term treatment with high-dose GTW and a long-term treatment with low-dose GTW. Therefore, GTW exhibit male reproductive toxicity in a concentration-and time-dependent manner by inhibiting the expression of the key enzymes and total cholesterol level involved in testosterone synthesis. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Surface Chemistry of La0.99Sr0.01NbO4-d and Its Implication for Proton Conduction.

PubMed

Li, Cheng; Pramana, Stevin S; Ni, Na; Kilner, John; Skinner, Stephen J

2017-09-06

Acceptor-doped LaNbO 4 is a promising electrolyte material for proton-conducting fuel cell (PCFC) applications. As charge transfer processes govern device performance, the outermost surface of acceptor-doped LaNbO 4 will play an important role in determining the overall cell performance. However, the surface composition is poorly characterized, and the understanding of its impact on the proton exchange process is rudimentary. In this work, the surface chemistry of 1 atom % Sr-doped LaNbO 4 (La 0.99 Sr 0.01 NbO 4-d , denoted as LSNO) proton conductor is characterized using LEIS and SIMS. The implication of a surface layer on proton transport is studied using the isotopic exchange technique. It has shown that a Sr-enriched but La-deficient surface layer of about 6-7 nm thick forms after annealing the sample under static air at 1000 °C for 10 h. The onset of segregation is found to be between 600 and 800 °C, and an equilibrium surface layer forms after 10 h annealing. A phase separation mechanism, due to the low solubility of Sr in LaNbO 4 , has been proposed to explain the observed segregation behavior. The surface layer was concluded to impede the water incorporation process, leading to a reduced isotopic fraction after the D 2 16 O wet exchange process, highlighting the impact of surface chemistry on the proton exchange process.

Labor and skills gap analysis of the biomedical research workforce.

PubMed

Mason, Julie L; Johnston, Elizabeth; Berndt, Sam; Segal, Katie; Lei, Ming; Wiest, Jonathan S

2016-08-01

The United States has experienced an unsustainable increase of the biomedical research workforce over the past 3 decades. This expansion has led to a myriad of consequences, including an imbalance in the number of researchers and available tenure-track faculty positions, extended postdoctoral training periods, increasing age of investigators at first U.S. National Institutes of Health R01 grant, and exodus of talented individuals seeking careers beyond traditional academe. Without accurate data on the biomedical research labor market, challenges will remain in resolving these problems and in advising trainees of viable career options and the skills necessary to be productive in their careers. We analyzed workforce trends, integrating both traditional labor market information and real-time job data. We generated a profile of the current biomedical research workforce, performed labor gap analyses of occupations in the workforce at regional and national levels, and assessed skill transferability between core and complementary occupations. We conclude that although supply into the workforce and the number of job postings for occupations within that workforce have grown over the past decade, supply continues to outstrip demand. Moreover, we identify practical skill sets from real-time job postings to optimally equip trainees for an array of careers to effectively meet future workforce demand.-Mason, J. L., Johnston, E., Berndt, S., Segal, K., Lei, M., Wiest, J. S. Labor and skills gap analysis of the biomedical research workforce. © FASEB.

High-throughput combinatorial chemical bath deposition: The case of doping Cu (In, Ga) Se film with antimony

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, Zongkai; Zhang, Xiaokun; Li, Guang; Cui, Yuxing; Jiang, Zhaolian; Liu, Wen; Peng, Zhi; Xiang, Yong

2018-01-01

The conventional methods for designing and preparing thin film based on wet process remain a challenge due to disadvantages such as time-consuming and ineffective, which hinders the development of novel materials. Herein, we present a high-throughput combinatorial technique for continuous thin film preparation relied on chemical bath deposition (CBD). The method is ideally used to prepare high-throughput combinatorial material library with low decomposition temperatures and high water- or oxygen-sensitivity at relatively high-temperature. To check this system, a Cu(In, Ga)Se (CIGS) thin films library doped with 0-19.04 at.% of antimony (Sb) was taken as an example to evaluate the regulation of varying Sb doping concentration on the grain growth, structure, morphology and electrical properties of CIGS thin film systemically. Combined with the Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), automated X-ray Diffraction (XRD) for rapid screening and Localized Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (LEIS), it was confirmed that this combinatorial high-throughput system could be used to identify the composition with the optimal grain orientation growth, microstructure and electrical properties systematically, through accurately monitoring the doping content and material composition. According to the characterization results, a Sb2Se3 quasi-liquid phase promoted CIGS film-growth model has been put forward. In addition to CIGS thin film reported here, the combinatorial CBD also could be applied to the high-throughput screening of other sulfide thin film material systems.

Labor and skills gap analysis of the biomedical research workforce

PubMed Central

Mason, Julie L.; Johnston, Elizabeth; Berndt, Sam; Segal, Katie; Lei, Ming; Wiest, Jonathan S.

2016-01-01

The United States has experienced an unsustainable increase of the biomedical research workforce over the past 3 decades. This expansion has led to a myriad of consequences, including an imbalance in the number of researchers and available tenure-track faculty positions, extended postdoctoral training periods, increasing age of investigators at first U.S. National Institutes of Health R01 grant, and exodus of talented individuals seeking careers beyond traditional academe. Without accurate data on the biomedical research labor market, challenges will remain in resolving these problems and in advising trainees of viable career options and the skills necessary to be productive in their careers. We analyzed workforce trends, integrating both traditional labor market information and real-time job data. We generated a profile of the current biomedical research workforce, performed labor gap analyses of occupations in the workforce at regional and national levels, and assessed skill transferability between core and complementary occupations. We conclude that although supply into the workforce and the number of job postings for occupations within that workforce have grown over the past decade, supply continues to outstrip demand. Moreover, we identify practical skill sets from real-time job postings to optimally equip trainees for an array of careers to effectively meet future workforce demand.—Mason, J. L., Johnston, E., Berndt, S., Segal, K., Lei, M., Wiest, J. S. Labor and skills gap analysis of the biomedical research workforce. PMID:27075242

Morphology and phylogenies of two hypotrichous brackish-water ciliates from China, Neourostylopsis orientalis n. sp. and Protogastrostyla sterkii (Wallengren, 1900) n. comb., with establishment of a new genus Neourostylopsis n. gen. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia).

PubMed

Chen, Xiangrui; Shao, Chen; Liu, Xihan; Huang, Jie; Al-Rasheid, Khaled A S

2013-03-01

This paper investigates the morphology, infraciliature and small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences of two hypotrichous ciliates, Neourostylopsis orientalis n. sp., and Protogastrostyla sterkii (Wallengren, 1900) n. comb. (basionym Gastrostyla sterkii), collected from coastal waters in southern China. Neourostylopsis orientalis n. sp. is diagnosed mainly by the arrangement of brownish cortical granules, the numbers of adoral membranelles and frontal and transverse cirri and the characteristics of its midventral cirral pairs. The SSU rRNA gene phylogeny strongly supports the establishment of the new genus Neourostylopsis n. gen., which is characterized mainly by the following features: frontal and transverse cirri clearly differentiated, buccal cirri present, two frontoterminal cirri, midventral complex composed of midventral pairs only and not exceeding the halfway point of the cell, more than one row of marginal cirri on each side which derive from individual anlagen within each parental row, caudal cirri lacking. Thus, two new combinations are required: Neourostylopsis songi (Lei et al., 2005) n. comb., and Neourostylopsis flavicana (Wang et al., 2011) n. comb. Additionally, improved diagnoses for both Metaurostylopsis and Apourostylopsis are supplied in this study. Protogastrostyla sterkii (Wallengren, 1900) n. comb. differs from the similar congener Protogastrostyla pulchra mainly in body shape, ratio of buccal field to body length in vivo and molecular data. Based on the present studies, we conclude that the estuarine population of P. pulchra collected by J. Gong and others [Gong et al., J Eukaryot Microbiol (2007) 54, 468-478] is a population of P. sterkii.

Determinants of limitations in unpaid work after major trauma: a prospective cohort study with 15 months follow-up.

PubMed

van Erp, Susan; Holtslag, Herman R; van Beeck, Ed F

2014-03-01

To identify determinants of limitations in unpaid work (household work, shopping, caring for children and odd jobs around the house) in patients who had suffered major trauma (ISS≥16) and who were in full-time employment (≥80%) at the time of injury. Prospective cohort study. University Medical Centre Utrecht, a level 1 trauma centre in the Netherlands. All severely injured (ISS≥16) adult (age≥16) trauma survivors admitted from January 1999 to December 2000 who were full-time employed at time of the injury were invited for follow-up (n=214). Outcome was assessed with the 'Health and Labour Questionnaire' (HLQ) at a mean of 15 months (SD=1.5) after injury. The HLQ was completed by 211 patients. Response rate was 93%. Logistic regression analyses identified the percentage of permanent impairment (% PI), level of participation (RtW), co-morbidity, lower extremity injury (LEI) and female gender as determinants of limitations in unpaid work. Patients with a post-injury status of part-time or no return to work experienced more limitations in unpaid work than those who returned to full-time employment. Resuming paid work after major trauma is not associated with reductions in unpaid activities. To assess the long-term outcome of rehabilitation programmes, we recommend a measure that combines patient's satisfaction in their post-injury jobs with a satisfactory level of activities in their private lives. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Normal variability of children's scaled scores on subtests of the Dutch Wechsler Preschool and Primary scale of Intelligence - third edition.

PubMed

Hurks, P P M; Hendriksen, J G M; Dek, J E; Kooij, A P

2013-01-01

Intelligence tests are included in millions of assessments of children and adults each year (Watkins, Glutting, & Lei, 2007a , Applied Neuropsychology, 14, 13). Clinicians often interpret large amounts of subtest scatter, or large differences between the highest and lowest scaled subtest scores, on an intelligence test battery as an index for abnormality or cognitive impairment. The purpose of the present study is to characterize "normal" patterns of variability among subtests of the Dutch Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence - Third Edition (WPPSI-III-NL; Wechsler, 2010 ). Therefore, the frequencies of WPPSI-III-NL scaled subtest scatter were reported for 1039 healthy children aged 4:0-7:11 years. Results indicated that large differences between highest and lowest scaled subtest scores (or subtest scatter) were common in this sample. Furthermore, degree of subtest scatter was related to: (a) the magnitude of the highest scaled subtest score, i.e., more scatter was seen in children with the highest WPPSI-III-NL scaled subtest scores, (b) Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) scores, i.e., higher FSIQ scores were associated with an increase in subtest scatter, and (c) sex differences, with boys showing a tendency to display more scatter than girls. In conclusion, viewing subtest scatter as an index for abnormality in WPPSI-III-NL scores is an oversimplification as this fails to recognize disparate subtest heterogeneity that occurs within a population of healthy children aged 4:0-7:11 years.

Analysis of the Type IV Fimbrial-Subunit Gene fimA of Xanthomonas hyacinthi: Application in PCR-Mediated Detection of Yellow Disease in Hyacinths

PubMed Central

van Doorn, J.; Hollinger, T. C.; Oudega, B.

2001-01-01

A sensitive and specific detection method was developed for Xanthomonas hyacinthi; this method was based on amplification of a subsequence of the type IV fimbrial-subunit gene fimA from strain S148. The fimA gene was amplified by PCR with degenerate DNA primers designed by using the N-terminal and C-terminal amino acid sequences of trypsin fragments of FimA. The nucleotide sequence of fimA was determined and compared with the nucleotide sequences coding for the fimbrial subunits in other type IV fimbria-producing bacteria, such as Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Moraxella bovis. In a PCR internal primers JAAN and JARA, designed by using the nucleotide sequences of the variable central and C-terminal region of fimA, amplified a 226-bp DNA fragment in all X. hyacinthi isolates. This PCR was shown to be pathovar specific, as assessed by testing 71 Xanthomonas pathovars and bacterial isolates belonging to other genera, such as Erwinia and Pseudomonas. Southern hybridization experiments performed with the labelled 226-bp DNA amplicon as a probe suggested that there is only one structural type IV fimbrial-gene cluster in X. hyacinthi. Only two Xanthomonas translucens pathovars cross-reacted weakly in PCR. Primers amplifying a subsequence of the fimA gene of X. campestris pv. vesicatoria (T. Ojanen-Reuhs, N. Kalkkinen, B. Westerlund-Wikström, J. van Doorn, K. Haahtela, E.-L. Nurmiaho-Lassila, K. Wengelink, U. Bonas, and T. K. Korhonen, J. Bacteriol. 179: 1280–1290, 1997) were shown to be pathovar specific, indicating that the fimbrial-subunit sequences are more generally applicable in xanthomonads for detection purposes. Under laboratory conditions, approximately 1,000 CFU of X. hyacinthi per ml could be detected. In inoculated leaves of hyacinths the threshold was 5,000 CFU/ml. The results indicated that infected hyacinths with early symptoms could be successfully screened for X. hyacinthi with PCR. PMID:11157222

[Textual research on Chen Ye and his Jia cang jing yan fang (Family-preserved Empirical Recipes) of the Song Dynasty].

PubMed

Zhang, Xuedan; Zhang, Ruqing; Chen, Dexing

2014-01-01

Chen Ye, an official of the Southern Song Dynasty, also known as Chen Rihua as his styled name, was born in Changle, Fuzhou in the reign of Shaoxing, and died during the reign of Duanping. He had been consecutively in the positions of Jiang shi lang (Court Gentleman for Ceremonial Service), Zhi zhou (Prefect) of Lingding, the Ti xing (Judicial Commissioner) of Guangdong, the Zong ling (Overseer-general) of Sichuan, Shan ding (Reviser), Shu lin and other positions in Tongzhou, Yuanzhou. His works included 1 volume of Gu ling xian sheng nian pu (Mr. Guling's Chronological Biography), 1 volume of Tan xie (On Humor), 1 volume of Shi hua (Poetry), 8 volumes of Jin yuan li shu (Jin Yuan's Smart Technique), 3 volumes of Yi jian zhi lei bian (Classified Compilation of Yijian's Annals), (Zeng guang) Suo sui lu (Augmented Records of Trivial Matters), 5 volumes of Jia cang jing yan fang (Family-preserved Empirical Recipes). He also compiled the 8-volume Yin jiang zhi (Yinjiang's Annals), published the 2-volume Jia cang ji yao fang (Collected Essential Recipes from Family Preservation), and other proses and poetry. Jia cang jing yan fang was a formulary compiled by Chen Ye, which was lost. Altogether 74 of its recipes were cited in Fu ren da quan liang fang (Complete Effective Prescriptions for Women's Diseases), Shou qin yang lao shu (A Book for Pursuing Seniors' Longevity and Healthcare), Pu ji fang (Prescriptions for Universal Relief) and Yong le da dian (Yongle Encyclopedia).

Efeitos do binarismo não resolvido na determinação da função de massa de aglomerados

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kerber, L. O.; Santiago, B. X.

2003-08-01

Através de simulações numéricas buscamos quantificar os efeitos que o binarismo não resolvido causa na determinação da função de massa (MF) de aglomerados estelares. Geramos diagramas cor-magnitude (CMDs) artificiais simulando uma população única, caracterizada por estrelas de mesma idade e composição quí mica, com uma fração de binárias não resolvidas e distribuição em massa das estrelas dada por uma MF do tipo lei de potência. A presença de pares de estrelas não resolvidos faz com que a MF obtida da função de luminosidade (LF) tenha a têndencia de ser mais plana do que a MF que gerou o CMD artificial. Propomos um tratamento de correção para tal efeito. Outro efeito relacionado diz respeito ao alargamento do CMD, que apresenta-se como um indicador do número total de estrelas no domí nio de baixas massas (m < 0.6M¤). Todos os resultados acima possuem uma forte dependência com os erros fotométricos e estão baseados na hipótese de que ambas estrelas do par não resolvido são sorteadas de uma mesma MF de forma independente. O objetivo final é aplicarmos o tratamento aqui desenvolvido para implementarmos a análise da nossa amostra de aglomerados ricos da Grande Nuvem de Magalhães.

Roles of Bulk and Surface Chemistry in the Oxygen Exchange Kinetics and Related Properties of Mixed Conducting Perovskite Oxide Electrodes

PubMed Central

Perry, Nicola H.; Ishihara, Tatsumi

2016-01-01

Mixed conducting perovskite oxides and related structures serving as electrodes for electrochemical oxygen incorporation and evolution in solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells, respectively, play a significant role in determining the cell efficiency and lifetime. Desired improvements in catalytic activity for rapid surface oxygen exchange, fast bulk transport (electronic and ionic), and thermo-chemo-mechanical stability of oxygen electrodes will require increased understanding of the impact of both bulk and surface chemistry on these properties. This review highlights selected work at the International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (I2CNER), Kyushu University, set in the context of work in the broader community, aiming to characterize and understand relationships between bulk and surface composition and oxygen electrode performance. Insights into aspects of bulk point defect chemistry, electronic structure, crystal structure, and cation choice that impact carrier concentrations and mobilities, surface exchange kinetics, and chemical expansion coefficients are emerging. At the same time, an understanding of the relationship between bulk and surface chemistry is being developed that may assist design of electrodes with more robust surface chemistries, e.g., impurity tolerance or limited surface segregation. Ion scattering techniques (e.g., secondary ion mass spectrometry, SIMS, or low energy ion scattering spectroscopy, LEIS) with high surface sensitivity and increasing lateral resolution are proving useful for measuring surface exchange kinetics, diffusivity, and corresponding outer monolayer chemistry of electrodes exposed to typical operating conditions. Beyond consideration of chemical composition, the use of strain and/or a high density of active interfaces also show promise for enhancing performance. PMID:28773978

Further analyses of laminar flow heat transfer in circular sector ducts

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lei, Q.M.; Trupp, A.C.

1989-11-01

Heat transfer in circular sector ducts is often encountered in multipassage tubes. Certain flow characteristics of circular sector ducts for apex angles up to {pi} have been determined as documented by Shah and London (1978). Recently, Lei and Trupp (1989) have more completely analyzed the flow characteristics of fully developed laminar flow for apex angles up to 2{pi}, including the location of the maximum velocity. Heat transfer results of fully developed laminar flow in circular sector ducts are also available for certain boundary conditions. Trupp and Lau (1984) numerically determined the average Nusselt number (Nu{sub T}) for isothermal walls. Eckertmore » et al. (1958) initially derived an analytical expression for the temperature profile for the case of H1. Sparrow and Haji-angles up to {pi}. However, the above work required numerical integration (or equivalent) to obtain a value for Nu{sub H1}. Regarding the H1{sub ad} boundary condition, Date (1974) numerically obtained a limiting value of Nu{sub H1}{sub ad} for the semicircular duct from the prediction of circular tubes containing a twisted tape (straight and nonconducting tape). Hong and Bergles (1976) also reported an asymptotic value of Nu{sub H1}{sub ad} for the semicircular duct from their entrance region solution. Otherwise it appears that there are no published analytical results of Nu{sub H1}{sub ad} for circular sector ducts. The purpose of this technical note is to communicate these results. In addition, a novel series expression for Nu{sub H1} is presented together with results for apex angles up to 2{pi}.« less

Masticatory muscles of mouse do not undergo atrophy in space

PubMed Central

Philippou, Anastassios; Minozzo, Fabio C.; Spinazzola, Janelle M.; Smith, Lucas R.; Lei, Hanqin; Rassier, Dilson E.; Barton, Elisabeth R.

2015-01-01

Muscle loading is important for maintaining muscle mass; when load is removed, atrophy is inevitable. However, in clinical situations such as critical care myopathy, masticatory muscles do not lose mass. Thus, their properties may be harnessed to preserve mass. We compared masticatory and appendicular muscles responses to microgravity, using mice aboard the space shuttle Space Transportation System-135. Age- and sex-matched controls remained on the ground. After 13 days of space flight, 1 masseter (MA) and tibialis anterior (TA) were frozen rapidly for biochemical and functional measurements, and the contralateral MA was processed for morphologic measurements. Flight TA muscles exhibited 20 ± 3% decreased muscle mass, 2-fold decreased phosphorylated (P)-Akt, and 4- to 12-fold increased atrogene expression. In contrast, MAs had no significant change in mass but a 3-fold increase in P-focal adhesion kinase, 1.5-fold increase in P-Akt, and 50–90% lower atrogene expression compared with limb muscles, which were unaltered in microgravity. Myofibril force measurements revealed that microgravity caused a 3-fold decrease in specific force and maximal shortening velocity in TA muscles. It is surprising that myofibril-specific force from both control and flight MAs were similar to flight TA muscles, yet power was compromised by 40% following flight. Continued loading in microgravity prevents atrophy, but masticatory muscles have a different set point that mimics disuse atrophy in the appendicular muscle.—Philippou, A., Minozzo, F. C., Spinazzola, J. M., Smith, L. R., Lei, H., Rassier, D. E., Barton, E. R. Masticatory muscles of mouse do not undergo atrophy in space. PMID:25795455

[Simulating of carbon fluxes in bamboo forest ecosystem using BEPS model based on the LAI assimilated with Dual Ensemble Kalman Filter].

PubMed

Li, Xue Jian; Mao, Fang Jie; Du, Hua Qiang; Zhou, Guo Mo; Xu, Xiao Jun; Li, Ping Heng; Liu, Yu Li; Cui, Lu

2016-12-01

LAI is one of the most important observation data in the research of carbon cycle of forest ecosystem, and it is also an important parameter to drive process-based ecosystem model. The Moso bamboo forest (MBF) and Lei bamboo forest (LBF) were selected as the study targets. Firstly, the MODIS LAI time series data during 2014-2015 was assimilated with Dual Ensemble Kalman Filter method. Secondly, the high quality assimilated MBF LAI and LBF LAI were used as input dataset to drive BEPS model for simulating the gross primary productivity (GPP), net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and total ecosystem respiration (TER) of the two types of bamboo forest ecosystem, respectively. The modeled carbon fluxes were evaluated by the observed carbon fluxes data, and the effects of different quality LAI inputs on carbon cycle simulation were also studied. The LAI assimilated using Dual Ensemble Kalman Filter of MBF and LBF were significantly correlated with the observed LAI, with high R 2 of 0.81 and 0.91 respectively, and lower RMSE and absolute bias, which represented the great improvement of the accuracy of MODIS LAI products. With the driving of assimilated LAI, the modeled GPP, NEE, and TER were also highly correlated with the flux observation data, with the R 2 of 0.66, 0.47, and 0.64 for MBF, respectively, and 0.66, 0.45, and 0.73 for LBF, respectively. The accuracy of carbon fluxes modeled with assimilated LAI was higher than that acquired by the locally adjusted cubic-spline capping method, in which, the accuracy of mo-deled NEE for MBF and LBF increased by 11.2% and 11.8% at the most degrees, respectively.

[Preliminary processing, processing and usage of Dendrobii Caulis in history].

PubMed

Yang, Wen-yu; Tang, Sheng; Shi, Dong-jun; Chen, Xiang-gui; Li, Ming-yuan; Tang, Xian-fu; Yuan, Chang-jiang

2015-07-01

On account of the dense cuticles of the fresh stem and the light, hard and pliable texture of the dried stem, Dendrobii Caulis is difficult to dry or pulverize. So, it is very important to the ancient doctors that Dendrobii Caulis should be properly treated and applied to keep or evoke its medicinal effects. The current textual research results about the preliminary processing, processing and usage methods of Dendrobii Caulis showed that: (1) In history the clinical use of fresh or processed Dendrobii Caulis as teas and tinctures were very common. (2) Its roots and rhizomes would be removed before using. (3) Some ancillary approaches were applied to shorten drying times, such as rinsing with boiling mulberry-ash soup, washing or soaking with liquor, mixing with rice pulp and then basking, etc. (4) According to the ancients knowledge, the sufficient pulverization, by means of slicing, rasping, hitting or pestling techniques, was necessary for Dendrobii Caulis to take its effects. (5) The heat processing methods for Dendrobii Caulis included stir-baking, stir-frying, steaming, decocting and stewing techniques, usually with liquor as an auxiliary material. Among above mentioned, steaming by pretreating with liquor was most commonly used, and this scheme was colorfully drawn in Bu Yi Lei Gong Pao Zhi Bian Lan (Ming Dynasty, 1591 CE) ; moreover, decocting in advance or long-time simmering so as to prepare paste products were recommended in the Qing Dynasty. (6) Some different processing programs involving stir-baking with grit, air-tightly baking with ondol (Kangs), fumigating with sulfur, which appeared in modern times and brought attractive outward appearance of the drug, went against ancients original intentions of ensuring drug efficacy.

Anatomy of a Visible Light Activated Photocatalyst for Water Splitting

DOE PAGES

Phivilay, Somphonh Peter; Roberts, Charles; Gamalski, Andrew; ...

2018-06-08

The supported mixed oxide (Rh 2-yCr yO 3)/(Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) photocatalyst, highly active for splitting of H 2O, was extensively characterized for its bulk and surface properties with the objective of developing fundamental structure-photoactivity relationships. Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy revealed that the molecular and electronic structures, respectively, of the oxynitride (Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) support are not perturbed by the deposition of the (Rh 2-yCr yO 3) NPs. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, however, showed that the oxynitride (Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) support is the source of excited electrons/holes and the (Rh 2-yCr yO 3) NPs greatly reducemore » the undesirable recombination of photoexcited electron/holes by acting as efficient electron traps as well as increase the lifetimes of the excitons. High Resolution-XPS and High Sensitivity-LEIS surface analyses reveal that the surfaces of the (Rh 2-yCr yO 3) NPs consist of Rh +3 and Cr +3 mixed oxide species. In Situ AP-XPS help to reveal that the Rh+3 and surface N atoms are involved in water splitting. Dispersed RhOx species on the (Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) support and on CrO x NPs were found to be the photocatalytic active sites for H 2 generation and N and Zn sites from the (Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) support are the photocatalytic active site for O 2 generation. The current investigation establishes the fundamental structure-photoactivity relationships of these visible light activated photocatalysts.« less

Methanethiol chemistry on TiO 2-supported Ni clusters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ozturk, O.; Park, J. B.; Black, T. J.; Rodriguez, J. A.; Hrbek, J.; Chen, D. A.

2008-10-01

The thermal decomposition of methanethiol on Ni clusters grown on TiO 2(1 1 0) was studied by temperature programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low energy ion scattering (LEIS). On all of the Ni surfaces investigated, methane and hydrogen were observed as gaseous products in the TPD experiments, and the only sulfur-containing species that desorbed from the surface was methanethiol itself at low temperatures. The two pathways for methanethiol reaction were hydrodesulfurization to produce methane and nonselective decomposition, which leaves atomic carbon and sulfur on the surface. From high resolution XPS studies, methyl thiolate was identified as the surface intermediate for reaction on TiO 2 and on all of the Ni surfaces investigated, similar to what is observed on single-crystal Ni surfaces. However, the binding sites for methyl thiolate on the 1 ML (monolayer) Ni clusters were different from those on the Ni clusters at coverages of 2.5 ML and higher, based on the S(2p) binding energies for methyl thiolate. No distinct changes in activity or selectivity were observed for the smaller Ni clusters grown at low coverage compared to the more film-like Ni surfaces other than what could be accounted for by changes in total surface area. Interactions between the Ni clusters and the TiO 2 support had two main effects on chemical activity. First, carbon was oxidized by oxygen from the TiO 2 lattice to produce CO at temperatures above 800 K. Second, annealing induced encapsulation of the Ni clusters by reduced TiO x and chemisorbed oxygen. At 800 K, the Ni clusters were totally encapsulated, resulting in a complete loss of methanethiol activity; partial encapsulation at 700 K caused a smaller decrease in activity accompanied by increased oxidation of carbon by lattice oxygen.

Unfolded-protein response–associated stabilization of p27(Cdkn1b) interferes with lens fiber cell denucleation, leading to cataract

PubMed Central

Lyu, Lei; Whitcomb, Elizabeth A.; Jiang, Shuhong; Chang, Min-Lee; Gu, Yumei; Duncan, Melinda K.; Cvekl, Ales; Wang, Wei-Lin; Limi, Saima; Reneker, Lixing W.; Shang, Fu; Du, Linfang; Taylor, Allen

2015-01-01

Failure of lens fiber cell denucleation (LFCD) is associated with congenital cataracts, but the pathobiology awaits elucidation. Recent work has suggested that mechanisms that direct the unidirectional process of LFCD are analogous to the cyclic processes associated with mitosis. We found that lens-specific mutations that elicit an unfolded-protein response (UPR) in vivo accumulate p27(Cdkn1b), show cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)-1 inhibition, retain their LFC nuclei, and are cataractous. Although a UPR was not detected in lenses expressing K6W-Ub, they also accumulated p27 and showed failed LFCD. Induction of a UPR in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) also induced accumulation of p27 associated with decreased levels of S-phase kinase-associated protein (Skp)-2, a ubiquitin ligase that regulates mitosis. These cells also showed decreased lamin A/C phosphorylation and metaphase arrest. The suppression of lamin A/C phosphorylation and metaphase transition induced by the UPR was rescued by knockdown of p27. Taken together, these data indicate that accumulation of p27, whether related to the UPR or not, prevents the phosphorylation of lamin A/C and LFCD in maturing LFCs in vivo, as well as in dividing HLECs. The former leads to cataract and the latter to metaphase arrest. These results suggest that accumulation of p27 is a common mechanism underlying retention of LFC nuclei.—Lei, L., Whitcomb, E. A., Jiang, S., Chang, M.-L., Gu, Y., Duncan, M. K., Cvekl, A., Wang, W.-L., Limi, S., Reneker, L. W., Shang, F., Du, L., Taylor, A. Unfolded protein response–associated stabilization of p27(Cdkn1b) interferes with lens fiber cell denucleation, leading to cataract. PMID:26590164

Highly Dispersed Metal Carbide on ZIF-Derived Pyridinic-N-Doped Carbon for CO2 Enrichment and Selective Hydrogenation.

PubMed

Li, Yunhua; Cai, Xiaohu; Chen, Sijing; Zhang, Hua; Zhang, Kevin H L; Hong, Jinqing; Chen, Binghui; Kuo, Dong-Hau; Wang, Wenju

2018-03-22

Catalytic conversion of CO 2 into chemicals is a critical issue for energy and environmental research. Among such reactions, converting CO 2 into CO has been regarded as a significant foundation to generate a liquid fuels and chemicals on a large scale. In this work, zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived N-doped carbon-supported metal carbide catalysts (M/ZIF-8-C; M=Ni, Fe, Co and Cu) with highly dispersed metal carbide were prepared for selective CO 2 hydrogenation. Under the same metal loadings, catalytic activity for CO 2 hydrogenation to CO follows the order: Ni/ZIF-8-C≈Fe/ZIF-8-C>Co/ZIF-8-C>Cu/ZIF-8-C. These catalysts are composed of carbide or metal supported on pyridinic N sites within the N-doped carbon structure. ZIF-8-derived pyridinic nitrogen and carbide effect CO 2 adsorption, whereas dispersed Ni or Fe carbide and metal species serve as an active site for CO 2 hydrogenation. The supported Ni catalyst exhibits extraordinary catalytic performance, which results from high dispersion of the metal and exposure of the carbide. Based on high-sensitivity low-energy ion scattering (HS-LEIS) and line scan results, density functional theory (DFT) was used to understand reaction mechanism of selective CO 2 hydrogenation over Ni/ZIF-8-C. The product CO is derived mainly from the direct cleavage of C-O bonds in CO 2 * rather than decomposition of COOH*. The CO* desorption energy on Ni/ZIF-8-C is lower than that for further hydrogenation and dissociation. Comparison of Ni/ZIF-8-C with ZIF-8-C indicates that the combined effects of the highly dispersed metal or carbide and weak CO adsorption result in high CO selectivity for CO 2 hydrogenation. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Anatomy of a Visible Light Activated Photocatalyst for Water Splitting

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Phivilay, Somphonh Peter; Roberts, Charles; Gamalski, Andrew

The supported mixed oxide (Rh 2-yCr yO 3)/(Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) photocatalyst, highly active for splitting of H 2O, was extensively characterized for its bulk and surface properties with the objective of developing fundamental structure-photoactivity relationships. Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy revealed that the molecular and electronic structures, respectively, of the oxynitride (Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) support are not perturbed by the deposition of the (Rh 2-yCr yO 3) NPs. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, however, showed that the oxynitride (Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) support is the source of excited electrons/holes and the (Rh 2-yCr yO 3) NPs greatly reducemore » the undesirable recombination of photoexcited electron/holes by acting as efficient electron traps as well as increase the lifetimes of the excitons. High Resolution-XPS and High Sensitivity-LEIS surface analyses reveal that the surfaces of the (Rh 2-yCr yO 3) NPs consist of Rh +3 and Cr +3 mixed oxide species. In Situ AP-XPS help to reveal that the Rh+3 and surface N atoms are involved in water splitting. Dispersed RhOx species on the (Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) support and on CrO x NPs were found to be the photocatalytic active sites for H 2 generation and N and Zn sites from the (Ga 1-xZn x)(N 1-xO x) support are the photocatalytic active site for O 2 generation. The current investigation establishes the fundamental structure-photoactivity relationships of these visible light activated photocatalysts.« less

Self-evaluated and Close Relative-Evaluated Epworth Sleepiness Scale vs. Multiple Sleep Latency Test in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

PubMed Central

Li, Yun; Zhang, Jihui; Lei, Fei; Liu, Hong; Li, Zhe; Tang, Xiangdong

2014-01-01

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine (1) the agreement in Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) evaluated by patients and their close relatives (CRs), and (2) the correlation of objective sleepiness as measured by multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) with self-evaluated and close relative-evaluated ESS. Methods: A total of 85 consecutive patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (70 males, age 46.7 ± 12.9 years old) with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 5 events per hour (mean 38.9 ± 26.8/h) were recruited into this study. All participants underwent an overnight polysomnographic assessment (PSG), MSLT, and ESS rated by both patients and their CRs. Mean sleep latency < 8 min on MSLT was considered objective daytime sleepiness. Results: Self-evaluated global ESS score (ESSG) was closely correlated with evaluation by CRs (r = 0.79, p < 0.001); the mean ESSG score evaluated by patients did not significantly differ from that evaluated by CRs (p > 0.05). However, Bland- Altman plot showed individual differences between self-evaluated and CR-evaluated ESS scores, with a 95%CI of -9.3 to 7.0. The mean sleep latency on MSLT was significantly associated with CR-evaluated ESSG (r = -0.23, p < 0.05); significance of association with self-evaluated ESSG was marginal (r = -0.21, p = 0.05). Conclusions: CR-evaluated ESS has a good correlation but also significant individual disagreement with self-evaluated ESS in Chinese patients with OSA. CR-evaluated ESS performs as well as, if not better than, self-evaluated ESS in this population when referring to MSLT. Citation: Li Y; Zhang J; Lei F; Liu H; Li Z; Tang X. Self-evaluated and close relative-evaluated Epworth Sleepiness Scale vs. multiple sleep latency test in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med 2014;10(2):171-176. PMID:24533000

Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers.

PubMed

de Oliveira, Lúcio Garcia; de Souza, Letícia Maria de Araújo; Barroso, Lúcia Pereira; Gouvêa, Marcela Júlio César; de Almeida, Carlos Vinícius Dias; Muñoz, Daniel Romero; Leyton, Vilma

2015-01-01

OBJECTIVE To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for.METHODS Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to identify factors associated with amphetamine use. Odds ratio (OR; 95%CI) was defined as the measure for association. The significance level was established as p < 0.05.RESULTS The studied sample was found to have an average age of 36.7 (SD = 7.8) years, as well as low education (8.6 [SD = 2.3] years); 29.0% of drivers reported having used amphetamines within the twelve months prior to their interviews. After demographic and occupational variables had been controlled for, the factors which indicated amphetamine use among truck drivers were the following: being younger than 38 years (OR = 3.69), having spent less than nine years at school (OR = 1.76), being autonomous (OR = 1.65), working night shifts or irregular schedules (OR = 2.05), working over 12 hours daily (OR = 2.14), and drinking alcohol (OR = 1.74).CONCLUSIONS Occupational aspects are closely related to amphetamine use among truck drivers, which reinforces the importance of closely following the application of law (Resting Act ("Lei do Descanso"); Law 12,619/2012) which regulates the workload and hours of those professionals. Our results show the need for increased strictness on the trade and prescription of amphetamines in Brazil.

Heart Toxicity Related to Herbs and Dietary Supplements: Online Table of Case Reports. Part 4 of 5.

PubMed

Brown, Amy C

2017-10-05

The purpose of this review was to create an online research summary table of heart toxicity case reports related to dietary supplements (DS; includes herbs). Documented PubMed case reports of DS appearing to contribute to heart-related problems were used to create a "Toxic Table" that summarized the research (1966 to April, 2016, and cross-referencing). Keywords included "herb," "dietary supplement," and cardiac terms. Case reports were excluded if they were herb combinations (some exceptions), Chinese herb mixtures, teas of mixed herb contents, mushrooms, poisonous plants, self-harm (e.g. suicide), excess dose (except vitamins/minerals), drugs or illegal drugs, drug-herbal interactions, and confounders of drugs or diseases. The spectrum of heart toxicities included hypertension, hypotension, hypokalemia, bradycardia, tachycardia, arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation, heart attack, cardiac arrest, heart failure, and death. Heart related problems were associated with approximately seven herbs: Four traditional Chinese medicine herbs - Don quai (Angelica sinensis), Jin bu huan (Lycopodium serratum), Thundergod vine or lei gong teng (Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F), and Ting kung teng (Erycibe henryi prain); one an Ayruvedic herb - Aswagandha, (Withania somnifera); and two North American herbs - blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides), and Yohimbe (Pausinystalia johimbe). Aconitum and Ephedra species are no longer sold in the United States. The DS included, but are not limited to five DS - bitter orange, caffeine, certain energy drinks, nitric oxide products, and a calming product. Six additional DS are no longer sold. Licorice was the food related to heart problems. The online "Toxic Table" forewarns clinicians, consumers and the DS industry by listing DS with case reports related to heart toxicity. It may also contribute to Phase IV post marketing surveillance to diminish adverse events that Government officials use to regulate DS.

Acid–base catalysis over perovskites: a review

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Polo-Garzon, Felipe; Wu, Zili

We present that perovskite catalysts have been extensively studied for reduction–oxidation (redox) reactions; however, their acid–base catalytic properties are still under-explored. This review collects work aiming to study the acid–base catalytic properties of perovskites. Reports regarding combined acid–base/redox catalysis over perovskites lie beyond the scope of the present review. For the characterization of acid–base properties, researchers have studied the interaction of probe molecules with perovskite surfaces by means of multiple techniques that provide information about the density, strength and type of adsorption sites. The top-surface composition of perovskites, which relates to the abundance of the acid–base sites, has been studiedmore » by means of low energy ion scattering (LEIS), and, the less surface sensitive, conventional X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Probe reactions, with the conversion of 2-propanol as the common choice, have also been employed for characterizing the acid–base catalytic properties of perovskites. The complex nature of perovskite surfaces, which explains the still absent fundamental relations between the structure of the catalyst and reaction rates/selectivity, encounters a great challenge due to the surface reconstruction of these materials. In this review, we devote a special section to highlight recent publications that report the impact of surface reconstruction and particle shape on acid–base catalysis over perovskites. In addition, we review promising catalytic performances of perovskite catalysts for other reactions of interest. Challenges in acid–base catalysis over perovskites focus on the development of time-resolved monolayer-sensitive characterization of surfaces under operando conditions and the discernment of combined acid–base/redox reaction mechanisms. Finally, opportunities lay on tuning the acid–base characteristics of perovskites with computation-based catalytic descriptors to

Determinação da massa de júpiter a partir das órbitas de seus satélites: um experimento didático

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schlickmann, M. S.; Saito, R. K.; Becker, D. A.; Rezende, M. F., Jr.; Cid Fernandes, R.

2003-08-01

Este trabalho apresenta o roteiro piloto de uma prática observacional em astronomia, junto com os primeiros resultados obtidos nesta fase de implementacão. O projeto, que será executado em duas etapas, visa introduzir noções de Astronomia a alunos do Ensino Médio e iniciantes nos cursos de Física. O experimento consiste em medir as órbitas dos satélites Galileanos e, a partir da análise dos dados coletados, verificar a validade da Lei das órbitas de Kepler, determinando a massa do planeta Júpiter. Em uma primeira etapa, as observações serão feitas utilizando um telescópio Meade LX200 10" e câmera CCD para obter uma seqüência de imagens do planeta, que possibilitará medir o movimento de seus satélites. A segunda etapa terá início a partir do funcionamento do telescópio em modo robótico, com a possibilidade de observações via internet por instituições de ensino. Para o desenvolvimento deste experimento foram inicialmente coletadas várias imagens de Júpiter obtidas com os instrumentos citados acima. Estas imagens serviram como base para confecção dos roteiros para a experiência no nível médio e superior. Os roteiros serão inicialmente apresentados em uma home-page. Nela também se buscará uma contextualização histórica da experiência bem como o estabelecimento de relações com professores e alunos, propostas metodológicas e a disponibilização dos programas computacionais necessários para a utilização "on-line" pelos usuários. O projeto conta com apoio da Fundação VITAE.

Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers

PubMed Central

de Oliveira, Lúcio Garcia; de Souza, Letícia Maria de Araújo; Barroso, Lúcia Pereira; Gouvêa, Marcela Júlio César; de Almeida, Carlos Vinícius Dias; Muñoz, Daniel Romero; Leyton, Vilma

2015-01-01

OBJECTIVE To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for. METHODS Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to identify factors associated with amphetamine use. Odds ratio (OR; 95%CI) was defined as the measure for association. The significance level was established as p < 0.05. RESULTS The studied sample was found to have an average age of 36.7 (SD = 7.8) years, as well as low education (8.6 [SD = 2.3] years); 29.0% of drivers reported having used amphetamines within the twelve months prior to their interviews. After demographic and occupational variables had been controlled for, the factors which indicated amphetamine use among truck drivers were the following: being younger than 38 years (OR = 3.69), having spent less than nine years at school (OR = 1.76), being autonomous (OR = 1.65), working night shifts or irregular schedules (OR = 2.05), working over 12 hours daily (OR = 2.14), and drinking alcohol (OR = 1.74). CONCLUSIONS Occupational aspects are closely related to amphetamine use among truck drivers, which reinforces the importance of closely following the application of law (Resting Act (“Lei do Descanso”); Law 12,619/2012) which regulates the workload and hours of those professionals. Our results show the need for increased strictness on the trade and prescription of amphetamines in Brazil. PMID:26398875

Human Cytochrome P450 21A2, the Major Steroid 21-Hydroxylase

PubMed Central

Pallan, Pradeep S.; Wang, Chunxue; Lei, Li; Yoshimoto, Francis K.; Auchus, Richard J.; Waterman, Michael R.; Guengerich, F. Peter; Egli, Martin

2015-01-01

Cytochrome P450 (P450) 21A2 is the major steroid 21-hydroxylase, and deficiency of this enzyme is involved in ∼95% of cases of human congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a disorder of adrenal steroidogenesis. A structure of the bovine enzyme that we published previously (Zhao, B., Lei, L., Kagawa, N., Sundaramoorthy, M., Banerjee, S., Nagy, L. D., Guengerich, F. P., and Waterman, M. R. (2012) Three-dimensional structure of steroid 21-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 21A2) with two substrates reveals locations of disease-associated variants. J. Biol. Chem. 287, 10613–10622), containing two molecules of the substrate 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, has been used as a template for understanding genetic deficiencies. We have now obtained a crystal structure of human P450 21A2 in complex with progesterone, a substrate in adrenal 21-hydroxylation. Substrate binding and release were fast for human P450 21A2 with both substrates, and pre-steady-state kinetics showed a partial burst but only with progesterone as substrate and not 17α-hydroxyprogesterone. High intermolecular non-competitive kinetic deuterium isotope effects on both kcat and kcat/Km, from 5 to 11, were observed with both substrates, indicative of rate-limiting C–H bond cleavage and suggesting that the juxtaposition of the C21 carbon in the active site is critical for efficient oxidation. The estimated rate of binding of the substrate progesterone (kon 2.4 × 107 m−1 s−1) is only ∼2-fold greater than the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km = 1.3 × 107 m−1 s−1) with this substrate, suggesting that the rate of substrate binding may also be partially rate-limiting. The structure of the human P450 21A2-substrate complex provides direct insight into mechanistic effects of genetic variants. PMID:25855791

Experimental Study of Large-Amplitude Faraday Waves in Rectangular Cylinders

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Iek, Chanthy; Alexander, Iwan J.; Tin, Padetha; Adamovsky, Gregory

2005-01-01

Experiment on single-mode Faraday waves having two, thee, and four wavelengths across a rectangular cylinder of high aspect ratio is the subject of discussion. Previous experiments recently done by Henderson & Miles (1989) and by Lei Jiang et. a1 (1996) focused on Faraday waves with one and two wavelengths across rectangular cylinders. In this experimental study the waves steepness ranges from small at threshold levels to a large amplitude which according to Penny & Price theory (1952) approaches the maximum sustainable amplitude for a standing wave. The waves characteristics for small amplitudes are evaluated against an existing well known linear theory by Benjamin & Ursell (l954) and against a weakly nonlinear theory by J. Miles (1984) which includes the effect of viscous damping. The evaluation includes the wave neutral stability and damping rate. In addition, a wave amplitude differential equation of a linear theory including viscous effect by Cerda & Tirapegui (1998) is solved numerically to yield prediction of temporal profiles of both wave damping and wave formation at the threshold. An interesting finding from this exercise is that the fluid kinematic viscosity needs to increase ten times in order to obtain good agreement between the theoretical prediction and the experimental data for both wave damping and wave starting. For large amplitude waves, the experimental data are evaluated against the theory of Penny & Price which predicts wave characteristics of any amplitude up to the point at which the wave reaches its maximum amplitude attainable for a standing wave. The theory yields two criteria to show the maximum wave steepness, the vertical acceleration at the wave crest of half the earth gravity field acceleration and the including angle at the crest of 90 degrees. Comparison with experimental data shows close agreement for the wave crest acceleration but a large discrepancy for the including angle. Additional information is included in the original

Acid–base catalysis over perovskites: a review

DOE PAGES

Polo-Garzon, Felipe; Wu, Zili

2018-01-15

We present that perovskite catalysts have been extensively studied for reduction–oxidation (redox) reactions; however, their acid–base catalytic properties are still under-explored. This review collects work aiming to study the acid–base catalytic properties of perovskites. Reports regarding combined acid–base/redox catalysis over perovskites lie beyond the scope of the present review. For the characterization of acid–base properties, researchers have studied the interaction of probe molecules with perovskite surfaces by means of multiple techniques that provide information about the density, strength and type of adsorption sites. The top-surface composition of perovskites, which relates to the abundance of the acid–base sites, has been studiedmore » by means of low energy ion scattering (LEIS), and, the less surface sensitive, conventional X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Probe reactions, with the conversion of 2-propanol as the common choice, have also been employed for characterizing the acid–base catalytic properties of perovskites. The complex nature of perovskite surfaces, which explains the still absent fundamental relations between the structure of the catalyst and reaction rates/selectivity, encounters a great challenge due to the surface reconstruction of these materials. In this review, we devote a special section to highlight recent publications that report the impact of surface reconstruction and particle shape on acid–base catalysis over perovskites. In addition, we review promising catalytic performances of perovskite catalysts for other reactions of interest. Challenges in acid–base catalysis over perovskites focus on the development of time-resolved monolayer-sensitive characterization of surfaces under operando conditions and the discernment of combined acid–base/redox reaction mechanisms. Finally, opportunities lay on tuning the acid–base characteristics of perovskites with computation-based catalytic descriptors to

Lunar Exploration Island, NASA’s Return to the Moon in Second Life

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ireton, F. M.; Bleacher, L.; Day, B.; Hsu, B. C.; Mitchell, B. K.

2009-12-01

Second Life is a metaverse—a massively multi-user virtual world (MMVR) community. With over 9 million users worldwide, there are 40,000-50,000 users on line at any one time. Second Life hosts over 200 educational and institutional simulation locations termed “islands” or sims that are developed by users providing support for education and business endeavors. On-line tools are provided to construct structures and landforms simulating a real world in a virtual three-dimensional environment. Users develop a persona and are seen on screen as a human figure or avatar. Avatars move in Second Life by walking, flying, or teleporting and interact with other users via text or voice chat. This poster details the design and creation of the Second Life exhibit hall for NASA’s Lunar Precursor Robotics Program and the LRO/LCROSS missions. The hall has been placed on the Lunar Exploration Island (LEI) in Second Life. Avatars enter via teleportation to an orientation room with information about the project, a simulator map, and other information. A central hall of flight houses exhibits pertaining to the LRO/ LCROSS missions and includes full size models of the two spacecraft and launch vehicle. Storyboards with information about the missions interpret the exhibits while links to external websites provide further information on the missions, both spacecraft instrument suites, and EPO directed to support the missions. The sim includes several sites for meetings, a conference amphitheater with a stage and screen for video links such as live broadcasts of conferences and speakers. A link is provided to NASATV for live viewing LRO/LCROSS launch and impact activities and other NASA events. Recently visitors have viewed the Hubble servicing mission and several shuttle launches as well as the LRO/LCROSS launch. Lunar Exploration Island in Second Life

Philippines: street children, children at risk.

PubMed

Tantoco, F G

1993-01-01

Almost 2 million of Manila's 2.5 million children younger than 15 years old live on or below the poverty line. 75,000 of these children live on the streets after having run away from home or being abandoned. They beg, steal, scavenge for food, and sell newspapers, cigarettes, and leis. About 20,000 of the street children prostitute themselves. It is these latter children and adolescents who are at particular risk of HIV infection. Studies in the Philippines indicate that 91% of reported HIV infections are among individuals aged 15-44, the male/female infection ratio is one to one, the transmission rate is 45%, and the most common mode of transmission is through heterosexual intercourse. The high incidence of child sexual abuse and child prostitution in the Philippines would suggest that there are a significant number of children and adolescents under age 15 who are infected with HIV. Caritas Manila has developed an information, education, and communication program for HIV/AIDS prevention focusing upon individuals who have direct influence upon and are in direct contact with people: clergy, religious and civic associations, educators, and social and health workers. Caritas has also to a limited extent reached out directly to populations at risk, while collaborating with human rights advocacy groups and networking with other children-oriented agencies in the interest of providing resources to street children. Efforts must be made to protect the rights of children and provide them with an environment conducive to their growth and development. The author notes how off-duty policemen in Manila help real estate developers forcibly eject the poor from their shelters to clear the way for the construction of new infrastructure without concern for the legal processes and requirements in the humane and peaceful relocation of the homeless poor. Many women and children are hurt and killed in the process. It has also been reported that off-duty policemen in Rio de Janeiro

Materials and Physics in Pnictide Superconductors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wen, Hai-Hu

2009-03-01

Superconductivity in the pnictides has shown itself to be very interesting and attractive. Some experimental results have revealed that the superconducting mechanism could be unconventional. In this talk I will survey our recent progress of both material synthesizing and physical properties of this rich family. We have made several major contributions to the synthesizing of new pnictide superconductors. (1) Fabrication of the hole doped RE1-xSrxFeAsO samples (RE=La and Pr); (2) Fabrication of a series of new parent compounds DvFeAsF (Dv=divalent metals: Sr, Ca, Eu etc.) and many new superconductors with Tc beyond 50 K by doping electrons into the system; (3) Invention of the new material (Sr3Sc2O5)Fe2As2 with rather large spacing distance between the FeAs planes. We have successfully grown the NdFeAsO1-xFx and Ba1-xKxFe2As2 single crystals. It is found that the anomalous electron scattering in the normal state cannot be simply attributed to the multiband effect. The influence given by the magnetic correlation may play an important role. Specific heat, lower critical field and point contact tunneling all indicate the unconventional superconductivity and multigap features, while the paring symmetry of the superconducting gap may be a non-trivial issue. In the 1111 phase, the superfluid density is rather low and contains probably a nodal feature. While in the 122 phase, both the superfluid density and the quasiparticle density of states is about 5-10 times higher than that in the 1111 phase. An s-wave component was found in the 122 phase. I will also report the measurements on anisotropy, critical current density, critical fields and vortex phase diagram. Small anisotropy, high upper critical field and fish-tail effect (in 122) were observed. All these suggest very good potential applications. In collaboration with Gang Mu, Zhaosheng Wang, Huiqian Luo, Huan Yang, Xiyu Zhu, Ying Jia, Yonglei Wang, Fei Han, Bing Zeng, Bing Shen, Cong Ren, Lei Shan.

Re-evaluating the possible link between the Zipingpu reservoir and 2008 Ww7.9 Wenchuan earthquake

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Z.; Yao, D.; Su, J.; Ruan, X.; Long, F.; Meng, X.

2017-12-01

The 12 May 2008 Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake ruptured 300 km unilaterally along the Longmenshan Fault Zone (LMSF), which straddles the Tibetan Plateau to the northwest and Sichuan Basin to the southeast. Currently the possible link between the Wenchuan mainshock and the impoundment of Zipingpu reservoir since September 2005 is still under debate. Many studies have indicated that the initiation hypo-central depth could be the key factor to determine the triggering relationship. We first relocate the mainshock hypocenter by carefully picking the P and S phases recorded by 7 short-period stations within 30km in the Zipingpu Reservoir Seismic Network (ZRSN). We find that the Wenchuan earthquake started as a magnitude 5 event at a depth shallower than 10 km, where the Coulomb stress changes from the Zipingpu reservoir was on the order of several tens of kPa, suggesting a possible triggering relationship [e.g., Ge et al., 2009; Ma et al., 2011; Lei, 2012]. We hypothesize that the reservoir directly induced a M 5 event near Shuimo where intensive earthquake swarms have occurred at shallow depth, which in turn dynamically triggered main rupture along the Yinxiu-Beichuan fault. In addition, we conduct a systematic detection and relocation of the long-term seismic behavior preceding the mainshock. Specifically, We first apply a waveform matching method to detect microseismicity using catalog events and available continuous data from Oct 2004 to Dec 2009 recorded by ZRSN. We further relocate all events to examine spatio-temporal evolution of long-term seismicity and its relation to the water level change. We also identify repeating earthquakes with high waveform cross-correlations and use them to monitor temporal variation of seismic velocity before, during and after the mainshock. We hope to better understand the relationship among the impoundment and subsequent changes in water level of the Zipingpu reservoir, background seismicimity and the Wenchuan mainshock. Updated results

Anomalous Transport in Natural Fracture Networks Induced by Tectonic Stress

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kang, P. K.; Lei, Q.; Lee, S.; Dentz, M.; Juanes, R.

2017-12-01

network. Our results point to a heretofore unrecognized link between geomechanics and anomalous transport in natural fractured media. [1] P. K. Kang, S. Brown, and R. Juanes, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 454, 46-54 (2016). [2] Q. Lei, J. P. Latham, and C. F. Tsang, Computers and Geotechnics, 85, 151-176 (2017).

SU-F-J-66: Anatomy Deformation Based Comparison Between One-Step and Two-Step Optimization for Online ART

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Feng, Z; Yu, G; Qin, S

efficiency and accuracy as target occurred position displacement. We want to thank Dr. Lei Xing and Dr. Yong Yang in the Stanford University School of Medicine for this work. This work was jointly supported by NSFC (61471226), Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province (JQ201516), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015T80739, 2014M551949).« less

Mobile Device-Based Electronic Data Capture System Used in a Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial: Advantages and Challenges.

PubMed

Zhang, Jing; Sun, Lei; Liu, Yu; Wang, Hongyi; Sun, Ningling; Zhang, Puhong

2017-03-08

manner in clinical trial. ©Jing Zhang, Lei Sun, Yu Liu, Hongyi Wang, Ningling Sun, Puhong Zhang. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 08.03.2017.

Analysis of stress changes and fault stability related to CO2 injection at the Tomakomai offshore site

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kano, Y.; Funatsu, T.; Nakao, S.; Kusunose, K.; Ishido, T.; Lei, X.; Tosha, T.

2013-12-01

Japanese). http://www.meti.go.jp/information/downloadfiles/c120208a02j.pdf Kano, Y., Funatsu, T., Nakao, S., Kusunose, K., Ishido, T., Lei, X.-L., Tosha, T., 2013. Fault stability analysis related to CO2 injection at Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan. Proc. GHGT-11, Kyoto, Japan, 18-22 November. Energy Procedia 37, 4946-4953.

Laboratory Studies of Alkali Components in Tenuous Planetary Atmospheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yakshinskiy, B. V.

2004-05-01

We report on studies performed at the Laboratory for Surface Modification of Rutgers University and focused on the origin of alkali vapors (Na, K) in the tenuous atmospheres of the planet Mercury, the Moon, and Jupiter's icy satellite Europa [1, 2]; we also address the question why alkaline-earth metals (Mg, Ca) are less abundant in the atmospheres. A variety of ultrahigh-vacuum surface science techniques are used, including X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Low-Energy Ion Scattering (LEIS), Thermal Programmed Desorption (TPD), Electron- and Photon-Stimulated Desorption (ESD and PSD), Surface Ionization (SI). Measurements have been made on different samples, including the model mineral binary oxide SiO2 that simulates lunar silicates, and a lunar sample obtained from NASA. Desorption induced by electronic excitations (mainly PSD) rather than by thermal processes is found to be the dominant source process on the lunar surface. The flux at the lunar surface of ultraviolet photons from the Sun is adequate to insure that PSD of sodium contributes substantially to the Moon's atmosphere. A model based on irradiation-induced charge-transfer is proposed to explain the desorption process. There is a strong temperature-dependence of Na ESD and PSD signals from a lunar sample, under conditions where the Na surface coverage is constant and thermal desorption is negligible [3]. On Mercury solar heating of the surface is high enough that thermal desorption will also be a potential source of atmospheric sodium. Ion bombardment of the lunar sample causes both the sputtering of alkali atoms into vacuum and implantation into the sample bulk. In the future we outline the use a novel method, Nuclear Resonance Profiling (NRP) to study the diffusion of alkalis through model minerals, ices, and lunar samples; these measurements would provide additional information to understand the replenishment of Na at the surface of the Moon, Mercury and Europa. We also describe a new detector

Shape Effect Undermined by Surface Reconstruction: Ethanol Dehydrogenation over Shape-Controlled SrTiO 3 Nanocrystals

DOE PAGES

Foo, Guo Shiou; Hood, Zachary D.; Wu, Zili

2017-12-05

For this research, to gain an in-depth understanding of the surface properties relevant for catalysis using ternary oxides, we report the acid–base pair reactivity of shape-controlled SrTiO 3 (STO) nanocrystals for the dehydrogenation of ethanol. Cubes, truncated cubes, dodecahedra, and etched cubes of STO with varying ratios of (001) and (110) crystal facets were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Low-energy ion scattering (LEIS) analysis revealed that the (001) surface on cubes of STO is enriched with SrO due to surface reconstruction, resulting in a high ratio of strong base sites. Chemical treatment with dilute nitric acid to form etched cubesmore » of STO resulted in a surface enriched with Ti cations and strong acidity. Furthermore, the strength and distribution of surface acidic sites increase with the ratio of (110) facet from cubes to truncated cubes to dodecahedra for STO. Kinetic, isotopic, and spectroscopy methods show that the dehydrogenation of ethanol proceeds through the facile dissociation of the alcohol group, followed by the cleavage of the C α–H bond, which is the rate-determining step. Co-feeding of various probe molecules during catalysis, such as NH 3, 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine, CO 2, and SO 2, reveals that a pair of Lewis acid site and basic surface oxygen atom is involved in the dehydrogenation reaction. The surface density of acid–base site pairs was measured using acetic acid as a probe molecule, allowing initial acetaldehyde formation turnover rates to be obtained. Comparison among various catalysts reveals no simple correlation between ethanol turnover rate and the percentage of either surface facet ((001) or (110)) of the STO nanocrystals. Instead, the reaction rate is found to increase with the strength of acid sites but reversely with the strength of base sites. The acid–base property is directly related to the surface composition as a result from different surface reconstruction behaviors of the shaped STO

Traditional Chinese Medicine Induced Liver Injury

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is popular around the world and encompasses many different practices with particular emphasis on herbal TCM. Using the PubMed database, a literature search was undertaken to assess the extent herbal TCM products exert rare hepatotoxicity. Analysis of reported cases revealed numerous specified herbal TCM products with potential hepatotoxicity. Among these were An Shu Ling, Bai Fang, Bai Xian Pi, Ban Tu Wan, Bo He, Bo Ye Qing Niu Dan, Bofu Tsu Sho San, Boh Gol Zhee, Cang Er Zi, Chai Hu, Chaso, Chi R Yun, Chuan Lian Zi, Ci Wu Jia, Da Chai Hu Tang, Da Huang, Du Huo, Gan Cao, Ge Gen, Ho Shou Wu, Hu Bohe You, Hu Zhang, Huang Qin, Huang Yao Zi, Hwang Geun Cho, Ji Gu Cao, Ji Ji, Ji Xue Cao, Jiguja, Jin Bu Huan, Jue Ming Zi, Kamishoyosan, Kudzu, Lei Gong Teng, Long Dan Xie Gan Tang, Lu Cha, Ma Huang, Mao Guo Tian Jie Cai, Onshido, Polygonum multiflorum, Qian Li Guang, Ren Shen, Sairei To, Shan Chi, Shen Min, Shi Can, Shi Liu Pi, Shou Wu Pian, Tian Hua Fen, White flood, Wu Bei Zi, Xi Shu, Xiao Chai Hu Tang, Yin Chen Hao, Zexie, Zhen Chu Cao, and various unclassified Chinese herbal mixtures. Causality was firmly established for a number of herbal TCM products by a positive reexposure test result, the liver specific scale of CIOMS (Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences), or both. Otherwise, the quality of case data was mixed, especially regarding analysis of the herb ingredients because of adulteration with synthetic drugs, contamination with heavy metals, and misidentification. In addition, non-herbal TCM elements derived from Agaricus blazei, Agkistrodon, Antelope, Bombyx, Carp, Fish gallbladder, Phellinus, Scolopendra, Scorpio, and Zaocys are also known or potential hepatotoxins. For some patients, the clinical course was severe, with risks for acute liver failure, liver transplantation requirement, and lethality. In conclusion, the use of few herbal TCM products may rarely be associated with hepatotoxicity in some

"Default mode functional connectivity is associated with social functioning in schizophrenia": Correction to Fox et al. (2017).

PubMed

2017-07-01

Reports an error in "Default mode functional connectivity is associated with social functioning in schizophrenia" by Jaclyn M. Fox, Samantha V. Abram, James L. Reilly, Shaun Eack, Morris B. Goldman, John G. Csernansky, Lei Wang and Matthew J. Smith ( Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 2017[May], Vol 126[4], 392-405). In the article, the email address of corresponding author Matthew J. Smith was set as matthewsmith@northwestern.edu. It should have been mattjsmi@umich.edu. The online version of this article has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2017-14073-001.) Individuals with schizophrenia display notable deficits in social functioning. Research indicates that neural connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) is related to social cognition and social functioning in healthy and clinical populations. However, the association between DMN connectivity, social cognition, and social functioning has not been studied in schizophrenia. For the present study, the authors used resting-state neuroimaging data to evaluate connectivity between the main DMN hubs (i.e., the medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC] and the posterior cingulate cortex-anterior precuneus [PPC]) in individuals with schizophrenia (n = 28) and controls (n = 32). The authors also examined whether DMN connectivity was associated with social functioning via social attainment (measured by the Specific Levels of Functioning Scale) and social competence (measured by the Social Skills Performance Assessment), and if social cognition mediates the association between DMN connectivity and these measures of social functioning. Results revealed that DMN connectivity did not differ between individuals with schizophrenia and controls. However, connectivity between the mPFC and PCC hubs was significantly associated with social competence and social attainment in individuals with schizophrenia but not in controls as reflected by a significant group

SU-D-206-07: CBCT Scatter Correction Based On Rotating Collimator

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yu, G; Feng, Z; Yin, Y

2016-06-15

Dr. Lei Xing and Dr. Yong Yang in the Stanford University School of Medicine for this work. This work was jointly supported by NSFC (61471226), Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province (JQ201516), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015T80739, 2014M551949).« less

Ensino de gravitação clássica no nível médio: uma proposta de abordagem e resultados preliminares

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Medeiros, G. C. M.; Jafelice, L. C.

2003-08-01

O ensino de gravitação clássica é comumente realizado de maneira formal e descontextualizado da experiência com a força-peso e da história do tema. Fustigados por anos de experiência de ensino no assunto, nem sempre com bons resultados, propomos uma abordagem ancorada nos eixos: a) contextualização histórica; e b) reconhecimento do peso como a força de atração gravitacional. O primeiro eixo integra o tema no desenvolvimento cultural do ser humano, praticando a interdisciplinaridade. O segundo eixo embasa construtivamente a abordagem, levando o aluno a realizar experiências e a vivenciar o reconhecimento de uma força universal. A abordagem foi construída através das etapas: 1) análise crítica do tema em livros didáticos; 2) elaboração de um curso para professores das várias disciplinas do ensino médio, identificando conexões para a prática da interdisciplinaridade; 3) elaboração de material didático; e 4) avaliação da eficácia da abordagem. No trabalho discutimos em detalhe as quatro etapas. Como resultados, adiantamos que: tabulamos a abordagem de gravitação nos livros didáticos, ainda muito tradicional e carecedora de atividades criativas que poderiam melhor explorar esse assunto; mapeamos, junto aos professores, padrões de conceitos espontâneos e erros associados ao tema; e, no curso, adaptamos e testamos a eficiência de materiais instrucionais existentes e criamos outros novos (e.g., para trabalhar excentricidades das órbitas planetárias), além disto elaboramos roteiros e figuras para tratamentos qualitativo e quantitativo da lei da gravitação universal. As avaliações feitas pelos professores foram muito animadoras. O espaço da presente reunião será aproveitado para socializar a proposta e os resultados obtidos e para submeter o projeto à análise crítica. (PPGECNM/UFRN; PRONEX/FINEP; NUPA/USP; Temáticos/FAPESP)

Shape Effect Undermined by Surface Reconstruction: Ethanol Dehydrogenation over Shape-Controlled SrTiO 3 Nanocrystals

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Foo, Guo Shiou; Hood, Zachary D.; Wu, Zili

For this research, to gain an in-depth understanding of the surface properties relevant for catalysis using ternary oxides, we report the acid–base pair reactivity of shape-controlled SrTiO 3 (STO) nanocrystals for the dehydrogenation of ethanol. Cubes, truncated cubes, dodecahedra, and etched cubes of STO with varying ratios of (001) and (110) crystal facets were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Low-energy ion scattering (LEIS) analysis revealed that the (001) surface on cubes of STO is enriched with SrO due to surface reconstruction, resulting in a high ratio of strong base sites. Chemical treatment with dilute nitric acid to form etched cubesmore » of STO resulted in a surface enriched with Ti cations and strong acidity. Furthermore, the strength and distribution of surface acidic sites increase with the ratio of (110) facet from cubes to truncated cubes to dodecahedra for STO. Kinetic, isotopic, and spectroscopy methods show that the dehydrogenation of ethanol proceeds through the facile dissociation of the alcohol group, followed by the cleavage of the C α–H bond, which is the rate-determining step. Co-feeding of various probe molecules during catalysis, such as NH 3, 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine, CO 2, and SO 2, reveals that a pair of Lewis acid site and basic surface oxygen atom is involved in the dehydrogenation reaction. The surface density of acid–base site pairs was measured using acetic acid as a probe molecule, allowing initial acetaldehyde formation turnover rates to be obtained. Comparison among various catalysts reveals no simple correlation between ethanol turnover rate and the percentage of either surface facet ((001) or (110)) of the STO nanocrystals. Instead, the reaction rate is found to increase with the strength of acid sites but reversely with the strength of base sites. The acid–base property is directly related to the surface composition as a result from different surface reconstruction behaviors of the shaped STO

Mutagenesis of NosM Leader Peptide Reveals Important Elements in Nosiheptide Biosynthesis

PubMed Central

Jin, Liang; Wu, Xuri; Xue, Yanjiu; Jin, Yue; Wang, Shuzhen

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Nosiheptide, a typical member of the ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs), exhibits potent activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial pathogens. The precursor peptide of nosiheptide (NosM) is comprised of a leader peptide with 37 amino acids and a core peptide containing 13 amino acids. To pinpoint elements in the leader peptide that are essential for nosiheptide biosynthesis, a collection of mutants with unique sequence features, including N- and C-terminal motifs, peptide length, and specific sites in the leader peptide, was generated by mutagenesis in vivo. The effects of various mutants on nosiheptide biosynthesis were evaluated. In addition to the necessity of a conserved motif LEIS box, native length and the N-terminal 12 amino acid residues were indispensable, and single-site substitutions of these 12 amino acid residues resulted in changes ranging from a greater-than-5-fold decrease to a 2-fold increase of nosiheptide production, depending on the sites and substituted residues. Moreover, although the C-terminal motif is not conservative, significant effects of this portion on nosiheptide production were also evident. Taken together, the present results further highlight the importance of the leader peptide in nosiheptide biosynthesis, and provide new insights into the diversity and specificity of leader peptides in the biosynthesis of various RiPPs. IMPORTANCE As a representative thiopeptide, nosiheptide exhibits excellent antibacterial activity. Although the biosynthetic gene cluster and several modification steps have been revealed, the presence and roles of the leader peptide within the precursor peptide of the nosiheptide gene cluster remain elusive. Thus, identification of specific elements in the leader peptide can significantly facilitate the genetic manipulation of the gene cluster for increasing nosiheptide production or generating diverse analogues. Given the complexity of the

Evolução temporal de discos circunstelares em estrelas Be

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fernandes, M. V. M.; Leister, N. V.; Levenhagen, R. S.

2003-08-01

A pesquisa do mecanismo que leva uma estrela do tipo Be a perder massa e formar um envelope circunstelar, nomeado como fenômeno Be, é uma questão em aberto, intrigante, e que adquire contornos interessantes em face às informações espectroscópicas de alta resolução. Nesta última década, consolida-se a idéia de que a forma destes envelopes é de tipo discóide, obedecendo a uma lei Kepleriana de velocidades, e mais ainda, recentemente há evidências de que a distribuição de matéria nestes discos pode assumir um caráter de anel. Medidas de algumas dimensões de discos circunstelares puderam ser obtidas pela análise de espectros de alta resolução e alta relação sinal-ruído para as estrelas Be: alpha Eri (HD 10144, B3Vpe), omicron And (HD 217675, B6IIIpe), e eta Cen (HD el972, B1.5Vne), no período dos anos de 1991 a 2001. Alguns modelos clássicos de envelope predizem uma distribuição de massa que decresce suavemente a partir da superfície estelar. Entretanto, considerando que a separação de picos de emissão em perfis de linhas do HeI e H-alpha, alargados por efeitos cinemáticos, é função do raio estelar e da velocidade rotacional projetada (vsini); nossos resultados sugerem a presença de um anel de matéria circunstelar, que aparece logo após a ejeção do material fotosférico, imediatamente acima da superfície estelar, e que se expande para raios maiores ao longo do tempo, eventualmente desconectando-se da superfície por uma região de densidade de matéria mínima. Tais interpretações revivem a idéia de que anéis de matéria circunstelar podem ser os responsáveis por algumas variabilidades em perfis de linhas de emissão, como as variações V/R.

Influence of catalyst synthesis method on selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by NH 3 with V 2O 5-WO 3/TiO 2 catalysts

DOE PAGES

He, Yuanyuan; Ford, Michael E.; Zhu, Minghui; ...

2016-04-14

We compared the molecular structures, surface acidity and catalytic activity for NO/NH 3/O 2 SCR of V 2O 5-WO 3/TiO 2 catalysts for two different synthesis methods: co-precipitation of aqueous vanadium and tungsten oxide precursors with TiO(OH) 2 and by incipient wetness impregnation of the aqueous precursors on a reference crystalline TiO 2 support (P25; primarily anatase phase). Bulk analysis by XRD showed that co-precipitation results in small and/or poorly ordered TiO 2(anatase) particles and that VO x and WO x do not form solid solutions with the bulk titania lattice. Surface analysis of the co-precipitated catalyst by High Sensitivity-Lowmore » Energy Ion Scattering (HS-LEIS) confirms that the VO x and WO x are surface segregated for the co-precipitated catalysts. In situ Raman and IR spectroscopy revealed that the vanadium and tungsten oxide components are present as surface mono-oxo O = VO 3 and O = WO 4 sites on the TiO 2 supports. Co-precipitation was shown for the first time to also form new mono-oxo surface VO 4 and WO 4 sites that appear to be anchored at surface defects of the TiO 2 support. IR analysis of chemisorbed ammonia showed the presence of both surface NH 3 * on Lewis acid sites and surface NH 4 +* on Brønsted acid sites. TPSR spectroscopy demonstrated that the specific SCR kinetics was controlled by the redox surface VO 4 species and that the surface kinetics was independent of TiO 2 synthesis method or presence of surface WO 5 sites. SCR reaction studies revealed that the surface WO5 sites possess minimal activity below ~325 °C and their primary function is to increase the adsorption capacity of ammonia. A relationship between the SCR activity and surface acidity was not found. The SCR reaction is controlled by the surface VO 4 sites that initiate the reaction at ~200 °C. The co-precipitated catalysts were always more active than the corresponding impregnated catalysts. Finally, we ascribe the higher activity of the co

Development of the scintillator-based probe for fast-ion losses in the HL-2A tokamak

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Y. P.; Liu, Yi; Luo, X. B.; Isobe, M.; Yuan, G. L.; Liu, Y. Q.; Hua, Y.; Song, X. Y.; Yang, J. W.; Li, X.; Chen, W.; Li, Y.; Yan, L. W.; Song, X. M.; Yang, Q. W.; Duan, X. R.

2014-05-01

A new scintillator-based lost fast-ion probe (SLIP) has been developed and operated in the HL-2A tokamak [L. W. Yan, X. R. Duan, X. T. Ding, J. Q. Dong, Q. W. Yang, Yi Liu, X. L. Zou, D. Q. Liu, W. M. Xuan, L. Y. Chen, J. Rao, X. M. Song, Y. Huang, W. C. Mao, Q. M. Wang, Q. Li, Z. Cao, B. Li, J. Y. Cao, G. J. Lei, J. H. Zhang, X. D. Li, W. Chen, J. Chen, C. H. Cui, Z. Y. Cui, Z. C. Deng, Y. B. Dong, B. B. Feng, Q. D. Gao, X. Y. Han, W. Y. Hong, M. Huang, X. Q. Ji, Z. H. Kang, D. F. Kong, T. Lan, G. S. Li, H. J. Li, Qing Li, W. Li, Y. G. Li, A. D. Liu, Z. T. Liu, C. W. Luo, X. H. Mao, Y. D. Pan, J. F. Peng, Z. B. Shi, S. D. Song, X. Y. Song, H. J. Sun, A. K. Wang, M. X. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, W. W. Xiao, Y. F. Xie, L. H. Yao, D. L. Yu, B. S. Yuan, K. J. Zhao, G. W. Zhong, J. Zhou, J. C. Yan, C. X. Yu, C. H. Pan, Y. Liu, and the HL-2A Team, Nucl. Fusion 51, 094016 (2011)] to measure the losses of neutral beam ions. The design of the probe is based on the concept of the α-particle detectors on Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) using scintillator plates. The probe is capable of traveling across an equatorial plane port and sweeping the aperture angle rotationally with respect to the axis of the probe shaft by two step motors, in order to optimize the radial position and the collimator angle. The energy and the pitch angle of the lost fast ions can be simultaneously measured if the two-dimensional image of scintillation light intensity due to the impact of the lost fast ions is detected. Measurements of the fast-ion losses using the probe have been performed during HL-2A neutral beam injection discharges. The clear experimental evidence of enhanced losses of beam ions during disruptions has been obtained by means of the SLIP system. A detailed description of the probe system and the first experimental results are reported.

Epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Morocco (1990-2014): an update.

PubMed

Mniouil, Meryem; Fellah, Hajiba; Amarir, Fatima; Et-Touys, Abdeslamd; Bekhti, Khadija; Adlaoui, El Bachir; Bakri, Youssef; Nhammi, Haddou; Sadak, Abderrahim; Sebti, Faiza

2017-06-01

Leishmaniases are parasitic diseases frequent in the Mediterranean Basin. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a notifiable parasitic disease that increased in incidence in Morocco over the past few years and has recently emerged in several new foci, causing a public health problem in Morocco. The aim of this study is to describe the spatio-temporal distribution of VL in Morocco between 1990 and 2014 period in order to highlight important features and trends of VL and its epidemiology and to assess whether the activity of the unit reflects the situation of the disease at the national level and whether it could constitute an indicator of public health relevance. Two thousand four hundred and twenty one cases were reported in Morocco between 1990 and 2014 with an average annual reported incidence rate of 0.4 cases per 100.000 inhabitants. Before 1996 the average annual incidence of VL was 50 cases on average. After this date the number of cases increased and then remained stable with around 100-150 cases per year. Children whose age varies between 1 and 4 years old are the most affected with 1327 (74%) of total cases; nevertheless the adult starts to be affected by the disease. In 2000, 65% of positive cases of VL are concentrated at both northern regions: Taza-Al Hoceima- Taounate with 45% of cases, Tanger- Tetouan mainly represented by Chefchaoun with 20% of cases. The Fez-Boulemane region located in the center recorded 12% of cases. Throughout the years the map VL distribution has been progressively changed and spatial spread of the disease to the center is noted in 2007. 2014 has been marked by an even greater extension of the disease to the center and south of Morocco. Nationally in 2014, 34 of 75 provinces and prefectures are affected compared to 2000, when 22 out of 82 provinces and prefectures were affected. Leishmania infantum was identified the causative agent based on species- specific PCR-Lei70 assay. VL remains a sporadically endemic parasitic disease in

Lanthanide oxide and phosphate nanoparticles for thermometry and bimodal imaging =

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Debasu, Mengistie Leweyehu

Nesta tese relatam-se estudos de fotoluminescencia de nanoparticulas de oxidos e fosfatos dopados com ioes trivalentes de lantanideos, respectivamente, nanobastonetes de (Gd,Eu)2O3 e (Gd,Yb,Er)2O3 e nanocristais de (Gd,Yb,Tb)PO4, demonstrando-se tambem aplicacoes destes materiais em revestimentos inteligentes, sensores de temperatura e bioimagem. Estuda-se a transferencia de energia entre os sitios de Eu3+ C2 e S6 dos nanobastonetes Gd2O3. A contribuicao dos mecanismos de transferencia de energia entre sitios para o tempo de subida 5D0(C2) e descartada a favor da relaxacao directa 5D1(C2) 5D0(C2) (i.e., transferencia de energia entre niveis). O maior tempo de decaimento do nivel 5D0(C2) nos nanobastonetes, relativamente ao valor medido para o mesmo material na forma de microcristais, e atribuido, quer a existencia de espacos livres entre nanobastonetes proximos (factor de enchimento ou fraccao volumica), quer a variacao do indice de refraccao efectivo do meio em torno dos ioes Eu3+. A dispersao de nanobastonetes de (Gd,Eu)2O3 em tres resinas epoxi comerciais atraves da cura por UV permite obter nanocompositos epoxi- (Gd,Eu)2O3. Relatam-se estudos cineticos e das propriedades termicas e de fotoluminescencia destes nanocompositos. Estes, preservam as tipicas propriedades de emissao do Eu3+, mostrando o potencial do metodo de cura por UV para obter revistimentos inteligentes e fotoactivos. Considera-se um avanco significativo a realizacao de uma nanoplataforma optica, incorporando aquecedor e termometro e capaz de medir uma ampla gama de temperaturas (300-2000 K) a escala nano, baseada em nanobastonetes de (Gd,Yb,Er)2O3 (termometros) cuja superficie se encontra revestida com nanoparticulas de ouro. A temperature local e calculada usando, quer a distribuicao de Boltzmann (300-1050 K) do racio de intensidades da conversao ascendente 2H11=2!4I15=2/4S3=2!4I15=2, quer a lei de Planck (1200-2000 K) para uma emissao de luz branca atribuida a radiacao do corpo negro

Development of the scintillator-based probe for fast-ion losses in the HL-2A tokamak

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Y. P., E-mail: zhangyp@swip.ac.cn; Liu, Yi; Yuan, G. L.

A new scintillator-based lost fast-ion probe (SLIP) has been developed and operated in the HL-2A tokamak [L. W. Yan, X. R. Duan, X. T. Ding, J. Q. Dong, Q. W. Yang, Yi Liu, X. L. Zou, D. Q. Liu, W. M. Xuan, L. Y. Chen, J. Rao, X. M. Song, Y. Huang, W. C. Mao, Q. M. Wang, Q. Li, Z. Cao, B. Li, J. Y. Cao, G. J. Lei, J. H. Zhang, X. D. Li, W. Chen, J. Chen, C. H. Cui, Z. Y. Cui, Z. C. Deng, Y. B. Dong, B. B. Feng, Q. D. Gao, X. Y.more » Han, W. Y. Hong, M. Huang, X. Q. Ji, Z. H. Kang, D. F. Kong, T. Lan, G. S. Li, H. J. Li, Qing Li, W. Li, Y. G. Li, A. D. Liu, Z. T. Liu, C. W. Luo, X. H. Mao, Y. D. Pan, J. F. Peng, Z. B. Shi, S. D. Song, X. Y. Song, H. J. Sun, A. K. Wang, M. X. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, W. W. Xiao, Y. F. Xie, L. H. Yao, D. L. Yu, B. S. Yuan, K. J. Zhao, G. W. Zhong, J. Zhou, J. C. Yan, C. X. Yu, C. H. Pan, Y. Liu, and the HL-2A Team , Nucl. Fusion 51, 094016 (2011)] to measure the losses of neutral beam ions. The design of the probe is based on the concept of the α-particle detectors on Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) using scintillator plates. The probe is capable of traveling across an equatorial plane port and sweeping the aperture angle rotationally with respect to the axis of the probe shaft by two step motors, in order to optimize the radial position and the collimator angle. The energy and the pitch angle of the lost fast ions can be simultaneously measured if the two-dimensional image of scintillation light intensity due to the impact of the lost fast ions is detected. Measurements of the fast-ion losses using the probe have been performed during HL-2A neutral beam injection discharges. The clear experimental evidence of enhanced losses of beam ions during disruptions has been obtained by means of the SLIP system. A detailed description of the probe system and the first experimental results are reported.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Huang, P; Gang, Y; Qin, S

adjusted dose has the potential to reduce the risk of RILD. The author would like to express great thanks to Lei Xing, Daniel S Kapp and Yong Yang in the Stanford University School of Medicine for their valuable suggestions to this work.This work is supported by NSFC(61471226),China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015T80739, 2014M551949) and research funding from Shandong Province(JQ201516).« less

Present Status and Prospects of FIREX Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mima, K.

2008-07-01

The goal of the first phase of Fast Ignition Realization EXperiment (FIREX) project (FIREX-I) is to demonstrate ignition temperature of 5-10 keV, followed by the second phase to demonstrate ignition and burn. Since starting FIREX-I project, plasma physics study in ILE has been devoted to increase the coupling efficiency and to improve compression performance. The heating efficiency can be increased by the following two ways. 1) A previous experiments indicate that the coupling of heating laser to imploded plasmas increases with coating a low-density. foam used in the experiment, low-Z plastic foam is desired for efficient electron transport. (Lei et al. 2006). 2) Electrons generated in the inner surface of the double cone will return by sheathe potential generated between two cones. A 2-D PIC simulation indicates that hot electron confinement is improved by a factor of 1.7 (Nakamura et al. 2007). Further optimization of cone geometry by 2-D simulation will be presented in the workshop. The implosion performance can be improved by three ways. 1) Low-Z plastic layer coating on the outer surface of the cone: The 2D hydro-simulation PINOCO predicts that the target areal density increases by a factor of 2. 2) Br doped plastic layer on a fuel pellet may significantly moderate the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (Fujioka et al. 2004), making implosion more stable. 3) Reducing vapor gas pressure in a pellet is necessary to suppress strength of a jet that will destroy the cone tip. (Stephens et al. 2005). As for the cryogenic target fabrication, R&D of fabricating foam cryogenic cine shell target are under development by the joint group between Osaka Univ. and NIFS. The amplifier system of the heating laser LFEX is completed in March 2008. The amplification test has demonstrated laser energy of 3 kJ/beam at 3nm bandwidth. The equivalent 12 kJ in 4 beams meets the specification of LFEX. The large tiled gratings for pulse compressor are completed and installed. The short pulse

The Gap in Medical Informatics and Continuing Education Between the United States and China: A Comparison of Conferences in 2016.

PubMed

Liang, Jun; Wei, Kunyan; Meng, Qun; Chen, Zhenying; Zhang, Jiajie; Lei, Jianbo

2017-06-21

economy and the substantial investment in MI, the output in terms of conferences remains low. The impact of conferences on continuing education to professionals is not significant. Chinese researchers and professionals should approach MI with greater rigor, including validated research methods, formal training, and effective continuing education, in order to utilize knowledge gained by other countries and to expand collaboration. ©Jun Liang, Kunyan Wei, Qun Meng, Zhenying Chen, Jiajie Zhang, Jianbo Lei. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 21.06.2017.

Evaluating the Consistency of Current Mainstream Wearable Devices in Health Monitoring: A Comparison Under Free-Living Conditions.

PubMed

Wen, Dong; Zhang, Xingting; Liu, Xingyu; Lei, Jianbo

2017-03-07

). Although wearable devices are developing rapidly, the current mainstream devices are only reliable in measuring the number of steps and distance, which can be used as health assessment indicators. However, the measurement consistencies of activity duration, EE, sleep quality, and so on, are still inadequate, which require further investigation and improved algorithms. ©Dong Wen, Xingting Zhang, Xingyu Liu, Jianbo Lei. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 07.03.2017.

Differential contributions of ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers to nitrification in four paddy soils

PubMed Central

Wang, Baozhan; Zhao, Jun; Guo, Zhiying; Ma, Jing; Xu, Hua; Jia, Zhongjun

2015-01-01

Rice paddy fields are characterized by regular flooding and nitrogen fertilization, but the functional importance of aerobic ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers under unique agricultural management is poorly understood. In this study, we report the differential contributions of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) to nitrification in four paddy soils from different geographic regions (Zi-Yang (ZY), Jiang-Du (JD), Lei-Zhou (LZ) and Jia-Xing (JX)) that are representative of the rice ecosystems in China. In urea-amended microcosms, nitrification activity varied greatly with 11.9, 9.46, 3.03 and 1.43 μg NO3−-N g−1 dry weight of soil per day in the ZY, JD, LZ and JX soils, respectively, over the course of a 56-day incubation period. Real-time quantitative PCR of amoA genes and pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed significant increases in the AOA population to various extents, suggesting that their relative contributions to ammonia oxidation activity decreased from ZY to JD to LZ. The opposite trend was observed for AOB, and the JX soil stimulated only the AOB populations. DNA-based stable-isotope probing further demonstrated that active AOA numerically outcompeted their bacterial counterparts by 37.0-, 10.5- and 1.91-fold in 13C-DNA from ZY, JD and LZ soils, respectively, whereas AOB, but not AOA, were labeled in the JX soil during active nitrification. NOB were labeled to a much greater extent than AOA and AOB, and the addition of acetylene completely abolished the assimilation of 13CO2 by nitrifying populations. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that archaeal ammonia oxidation was predominantly catalyzed by soil fosmid 29i4-related AOA within the soil group 1.1b lineage. Nitrosospira cluster 3-like AOB performed most bacterial ammonia oxidation in the ZY, LZ and JX soils, whereas the majority of the 13C-AOB in the JD soil was affiliated with the Nitrosomona communis lineage. The 13C-NOB was overwhelmingly

Differential contributions of ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers to nitrification in four paddy soils.

PubMed

Wang, Baozhan; Zhao, Jun; Guo, Zhiying; Ma, Jing; Xu, Hua; Jia, Zhongjun

2015-05-01

Rice paddy fields are characterized by regular flooding and nitrogen fertilization, but the functional importance of aerobic ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers under unique agricultural management is poorly understood. In this study, we report the differential contributions of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) to nitrification in four paddy soils from different geographic regions (Zi-Yang (ZY), Jiang-Du (JD), Lei-Zhou (LZ) and Jia-Xing (JX)) that are representative of the rice ecosystems in China. In urea-amended microcosms, nitrification activity varied greatly with 11.9, 9.46, 3.03 and 1.43 μg NO3(-)-N g(-1) dry weight of soil per day in the ZY, JD, LZ and JX soils, respectively, over the course of a 56-day incubation period. Real-time quantitative PCR of amoA genes and pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed significant increases in the AOA population to various extents, suggesting that their relative contributions to ammonia oxidation activity decreased from ZY to JD to LZ. The opposite trend was observed for AOB, and the JX soil stimulated only the AOB populations. DNA-based stable-isotope probing further demonstrated that active AOA numerically outcompeted their bacterial counterparts by 37.0-, 10.5- and 1.91-fold in (13)C-DNA from ZY, JD and LZ soils, respectively, whereas AOB, but not AOA, were labeled in the JX soil during active nitrification. NOB were labeled to a much greater extent than AOA and AOB, and the addition of acetylene completely abolished the assimilation of (13)CO2 by nitrifying populations. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that archaeal ammonia oxidation was predominantly catalyzed by soil fosmid 29i4-related AOA within the soil group 1.1b lineage. Nitrosospira cluster 3-like AOB performed most bacterial ammonia oxidation in the ZY, LZ and JX soils, whereas the majority of the (13)C-AOB in the JD soil was affiliated with the Nitrosomona communis lineage. The (13)C-NOB was

SU-G-206-16: Investigation of Dosimetric Consequence Via Cone-Beam CT Based Dose Reconstruction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Radiotherapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Huang, P; Gang, Y; Qin, S

2016-06-15

overdose increased the risk of RILD. The author would like to express great thanks to Lei Xing, Daniel S Kapp and Yong Yang in the Stanford University School of Medicine for their valuable suggestions to this work. This work is supported by NSFC(61471226), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015T80739,2014M551949) and research funding from Shandong Province (JQ201516).« less

SMALT - Soil Moisture from Altimetry project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, Richard; Benveniste, Jérôme; Dinardo, Salvatore; Lucas, Bruno Manuel; Berry, Philippa; Wagner, Wolfgang; Hahn, Sebastian; Egido, Alejandro

Soil surface moisture is a key scientific parameter; however, it is extremely difficult to measure remotely, particularly in arid and semi-arid terrain. This paper outlines the development of a novel methodology to generate soil moisture estimates in these regions from multi-mission satellite radar altimetry. Key to this approach is the development of detailed DRy Earth ModelS (DREAMS), which encapsulate the detailed and intricate surface brightness variations over the Earth’s land surface, resulting from changes in surface roughness and composition. DREAMS have been created over a number of arid and semi-arid deserts worldwide to produce historical SMALT timeseries over soil moisture variation. These products are available in two formats - a high resolution track product which utilises the altimeter’s high frequency content alongtrack and a multi-looked 6” gridded product at facilitate easy comparison/integeration with other remote sensing techniques. An overview of the SMALT processing scheme, covering the progression of the data from altimeter sigma0 through to final soil moisture estimate, is included along with example SMALT products. Validation has been performed over a number of deserts by comparing SMALT products with other remote sensing techniques, results of the comparison between SMALT and Metop Warp 5.5 are presented here. Comparisons with other remote sensing techniques have been limited in scope due to differences in the operational aspects of the instruments, the restricted geographical coverage of the DREAMS and the low repeat temporal sampling rate of the altimeter. The potential to expand the SMALT technique into less arid areas has been investigated. Small-scale comparison with in-situ and GNSS-R data obtained by the LEiMON experimental campaign over Tuscany, where historical trends exist within both SMALT and SMC probe datasets. A qualitative analysis of unexpected backscatter characteristics in dedicated dry environments is performed

SMALT - Soil Moisture from Altimetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, Richard; Salloway, Mark; Berry, Philippa; Hahn, Sebastian; Wagner, Wolfgang; Egido, Alejandro; Dinardo, Salvatore; Lucas, Bruno Manuel; Benveniste, Jerome

2014-05-01

Soil surface moisture is a key scientific parameter; however, it is extremely difficult to measure remotely, particularly in arid and semi-arid terrain. This paper outlines the development of a novel methodology to generate soil moisture estimates in these regions from multi-mission satellite radar altimetry. Key to this approach is the development of detailed DRy Earth ModelS (DREAMS), which encapsulate the detailed and intricate surface brightness variations over the Earth's land surface, resulting from changes in surface roughness and composition. DREAMS have been created over a number of arid and semi-arid deserts worldwide to produce historical SMALT timeseries over soil moisture variation. These products are available in two formats - a high resolution track product which utilises the altimeter's high frequency content alongtrack and a multi-looked 6" gridded product at facilitate easy comparison/integeration with other remote sensing techniques. An overview of the SMALT processing scheme, covering the progression of the data from altimeter sigma0 through to final soil moisture estimate, is included along with example SMALT products. Validation has been performed over a number of deserts by comparing SMALT products with other remote sensing techniques, results of the comparison between SMALT and Metop Warp 5.5 are presented here. Comparisons with other remote sensing techniques have been limited in scope due to differences in the operational aspects of the instruments, the restricted geographical coverage of the DREAMS and the low repeat temporal sampling rate of the altimeter. The potential to expand the SMALT technique into less arid areas has been investigated. Small-scale comparison with in-situ and GNSS-R data obtained by the LEiMON experimental campaign over Tuscany, where historical trends exist within both SMALT and SMC probe datasets. A qualitative analysis of unexpected backscatter characteristics in dedicated dry environments is performed with

Effects of ice storm on forest ecosystem of southern China in 2008 Shaoqiang Wang1, Lei Zhou1, Weimin Ju2, Kun Huang1 1Key Lab of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing, 10010

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Shaoqiang

2014-05-01

Evidence is mounting that an increase in extreme climate events has begun to occur worldwide during the recent decades, which affect biosphere function and biodiversity. Ecosystems returned to its original structures and functions to maintain its sustainability, which was closely dependent on ecosystem resilience. Understanding the resilience and recovery capacity of ecosystem to extreme climate events is essential to predicting future ecosystem responses to climate change. Given the overwhelming importance of this region in the overall carbon cycle of forest ecosystems in China, south China suffered a destructive ice storm in 2008. In this study, we used the number of freezing day and a process-based model (Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator, BEPS) to characterize the spatial distribution of ice storm region in southeastern China and explore the impacts on carbon cycle of forest ecosystem over the past decade. The ecosystem variables, i.e. Net primary productivity (NPP), Evapotranspiration (ET), and Water use efficiency (WUE, the ratio of NPP to ET) from the outputs of BEPS models were used to detect the resistance and resilience of forest ecosystem in southern China. The pattern of ice storm-induced forest productivity widespread decline was closely related to the number of freezing day during the ice storm period. The NPP of forest area suffered heavy ice storm returned to normal status after five months with high temperature and ample moisture, indicated a high resilience of subtropical forest in China. The long-term changes of forest WUE remain stable, behaving an inherent sensitivity of ecosystem to extreme climate events. In addition, ground visits suggested that the recovery of forest productivity was attributed to rapid growth of understory. Understanding the variability and recovery threshold of ecosystem following extreme climate events help us to better simulate and predict the variability of ecosystem structure and function under current and future climate change.

Determining the Shape of the Orbit of Mars in the High School. (Spanish Title: Determinación de la Forma de la Órbita de Marte en la Escuela Secundaria.) Determinando a Forma da Órbita de Marte no Ensino Médio

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dutra, Carlos Maximiliano; Rossini Goulart, Andressa

2014-12-01

In the present work, in order to supply the lacks of practical activities related to the content of Kepler's Laws in high school physics textbooks, we present a practical activity to determine the shape of the orbit of Mars. In this activity the student can experience the discovery the shape of the orbit of Mars in a way similar to that realized by Johannes Kepler combining the physical concepts with geometry. We applied the activity to eighteen high school teachers participating in a Postgraduate Course in Science Education. After two hours of work the group obtained the shape of the orbit of Mars and estimated its orbital parameters with a relative error less than 14%. En el presente trabajo y con el objetivo de reducir la escasez de actividades prácticas relacionadas con el contenido de las leyes de Kepler en libros de texto de física de la escuela secundaria, se presenta una actividad práctica para determinar la forma de la órbita de Marte. En esta actividad el estudiante puede vivir la experiencia de descubrir la forma de la órbita de Marte de una manera similar a la realizada por Johannes Kepler combinando los conceptos físicos con la geometría. Aplicamos la actividad a dieciocho maestros de escuelas secundarias en un Curso de Especialización en Enseñanza de las Ciencias. Después de dos horas de trabajo el grupo obtuvo la forma de la órbita de Marte com error inferior al 14% en los parámetros orbitales. No presente trabalho, visando suprir a deficiência de atividades práticas relacionadas ao conteúdo de Leis de Kepler nos livros-textos de Física do 1º ano do Ensino Médio, apresentamos uma atividade prática de determinação da órbita de Marte. O aluno, combinando conceitos físicos com a geometria poderá vivenciar a experiência da descoberta da forma da órbita de Marte de modo similar ao realizado por Johannes Kepler. Aplicamos a metodologia proposta junto a dezoito professores do Curso de Especialização em Educação em Ciências e

Friction and Environmental Sensitivity of Molybdenum Disulfide: Effects of Microstructure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Curry, John F.

For nearly a century, molybdenum disulfide has been employed as a solid lubricant to reduce the friction and wear between surfaces. MoS2 is in a class of unique materials, transition metal dichalcogens (TMDC), that have a single crystal structure forming lamellae that interact via weak van der Waals forces. This dissertation focuses on the link between the microstructure of MoS2 and the energetics of running film formation to reduce friction, and effects of environmental sensitivities on performance. Nitrogen impinged MoS2 films are utilized as a comparator to amorphous PVD deposited MoS2 in many of the studies due to the highly ordered surface parallel basal texture of sprayed films. Comparisons showed that films with a highly ordered structure can reduce high friction behavior during run-in. It is thought that shear induced reorientation of amorphous films contributes to typically high initial friction during run-in. In addition to a reduction in initial friction, highly ordered MoS2 films are shown to be more resistant to penetration from oxidative aging processes. High sensitivity, low-energy ion scattering (HS-LEIS) enabled depth profiles that showed oxidation limited to the first monolayer for ordered films and throughout the depth (4-5 nm) for amorphous films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy supported these findings, showing far more oxidation in amorphous films than ordered films. Many of these results show the benefits of a well run-in coating, yet transient increases in initial friction can still be noticed after only 5 - 10 minutes. It was found that the transient return to high initial friction after dwell times past 5 - 10 minutes was not due to adsorbed species such as water, but possibly an effect of basal plane relaxation to a commensurate state. Additional techniques and methods were developed to study the effect of adsorbed water and load on running film formation via spiral orbit XRD studies. Spiral orbit experiments enabled large enough worn

The member of the Academy H.P. Keres and the Relativity theory in Estonia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuusk, P.; Muursepp, P. V.; Piir, Ivar

1987-10-01

The first popular lecture on the Einstein theory of relativity was given in Estonia already in 1914 by Jaan Sarv (1877-1954)[1],afterwards a professor of mathematics at the Tartu University. The first student courses on special relativity were delivered by Professor of Mathematics Juri Nuut (1892-1952): non-Euclidean geometry (1930), the mathematical theory of relativity (1932/1933),the Lorenz transformations (1937). His own research work concerned the Lobachevsky geometry [7] and its application to cosmology [6]. Harald Keres qraguated from the Tartu University in 1936. He gave the first student course on general relativity (based on books [11-14]in 1940.In 1942,he got the dr.phil.nat degree form the Tartu University for his theses "Raum und Zeit in der allgemeinen Relativitatstheorie". The degree of the doctor of mathematical and physical sciences was confirmed by VAK (the All-Union Higher Attestation Commission) in 1949.In this period, he got aquainted with the leading Soviet scientists working on General Relativity, prof.V.A.Fock,Prof.D.D.Ivanenko,Prof.A.Z.Petrov,and Prof.M.F.Shirokov. After World War two all-union university courses were introduced in Tartu State University. According to the curriculum of the course the special theory of relativity is a part of electrodynamics obligatory for all students of the department of Physics. From 1947 till 1985 this course was delivered by Prof.PaulKard(1914-1985).He also published a number of text-books on the subject [15-19]. The general theory of relativity was read by Prof.H.Keres in 1951-1960 and later by his pupils R.Lias and A.Koppel [20-23] as a special course for students specializing in theoretical Physics. The first PHD-s in general relativity were made by R.Lias [27](1954) and I.Piir [28] (1955). In 1961, Prof.H.Keres was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences of the Estonian S.S.R. He left the TArtu State University and began to work in the Institute of Physics as the head of the Department of

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication PrinciplesJoint Redundant Residue Number Systems and Module Isolation for Mitigating Single Event Multiple Bit Upsets in Datapath

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Lei; Hu, Jianhao

2010-12-01

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles"Joint Redundant Residue Number Systems and Module Isolation for Mitigating Single Event Multiple Bit Upsets in Datapath"by Lei Li and Jianhao Hu,in the IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol.57, no.6, Dec. 2010, pp. 3779-3786After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles.This paper contains substantial duplication of original text from the paper cited below. The original text was copied without attribution (including appropriate references to the original author(s) and/or paper title) and without permission.Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper, and future references should be made to the following articles:"Multiple Error Detection and Correction Based on Redundant Residue Number Systems"by Vik Tor Goh and M.U. Siddiqi,in the IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.56, no.3, March 2008, pp.325-330"A Coding Theory Approach to Error Control in Redundant Residue Number Systems. I: Theory and Single Error Correction"by H. Krishna, K-Y. Lin, and J-D. Sun, in the IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, vol.39, no.1, Jan 1992, pp.8-17In this paper, we propose a joint scheme which combines redundant residue number systems (RRNS) with module isolation (MI) for mitigating single event multiple bit upsets (SEMBUs) in datapath. The proposed hardening scheme employs redundant residues to improve the fault tolerance for datapath and module spacings to guarantee that SEMBUs caused by charge sharing do not propagate among the operation channels of different moduli. The features of RRNS, such as independence, parallel and error correction, are exploited to establish the radiation hardening architecture for the datapath in radiation environments. In the proposed

Inclusion of Visually Impaired in the School Programme Scheduled Visit of the Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins (MAST). (Breton Title: Inclusão de Deficientes Visuais no Programa de Visita Escolar Programada do Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins (MAST).) Inclusión de Discapacitados Visuales en el Programa Escolar Programado del Museo de Astronomía y Ciencias Afines (MAST)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Oliveira Gonçalves, Carla; da Conceição Barbosa-Lima, Maria

2013-07-01

Inclusive Education in Brazil, contemplated in the 1988 Constitution and in the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (9.394/96) highlights the importance and urgency of promoting inclusive education as a formative element of nationality. Inclusive Education refers to all people who are struggling in school. Inclusion should be in all educational institutions (formal and informal). Our goal in the graduation final task was to report the experience of mediation to visually impaired students of the Instituto Benjamin Constant (IBC) at the Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins (MAST), and also suggest some modifications and present new proposals for the School Visit Program (VEP) through a specially constructed apparatus, where the sky can be sensed near the latitude of Rio de Janeiro. A educação inclusiva no Brasil, contemplada na Constituição de 1988 e a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (9.394/96), destaca a importância e urgência de se promover a inclusão escolar como elemento formador da nacionalidade. A educação inclusiva diz respeito a todas as pessoas que enfrentam dificuldades na escola. A inclusão deve estar em todas as instituições educacionais (formais e não formais). Nosso objetivo, no trabalho de final de curso de licenciatura, foi apresentar o relato de experiência de mediação aos alunos deficientes visuais do Instituto Benjamin Constant (IBC) no Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins (MAST), as modificações e novas propostas para o Programa de Visita Escolar Programada (VEP) através de um aparelho especialmente construído onde se pode perceber o céu na latitude próxima a do Rio de Janeiro. La educación inclusiva en el Brasil, contemplada en la Constitución de 1988 y en la Ley de Directrices y Bases de la Educación Nacional (9.394/96), destaca la importancia y la urgencia de promover la inclusión escolar como elemento formador de la nacionalidad. La educación inclusiva se refiere a todas las personas

Safety and health of professional drivers who drive on Brazilian highways.

PubMed

Narciso, Fernanda Veruska; Mello, Marco Túlio de

2017-03-30

Traffic accidents and resulting injuries and deaths have become a global epidemic. In Brazil, most professional drivers, especially truck drivers, face irregular working hours and can be awake for more than 18 hours/day, which reduces their performance and alertness. In this article, we discuss the laws related to Brazilian professional drivers and their current amendments (No. 12,619/2012 and No. 13,103/2015) in relation to working hours at the wheel and rest breaks, which are vital for the quality of life of drivers and society in general. We note that the new law appears to be less efficient than the previous one as it causes insecurity and concern to the users of the transportation system, drivers, and employers. To restrict and reduce accidents, deaths, and injuries in traffic, appropriate legislation is essential, aiming at the safety of workers and users of highways. The law must also benefit the commercial aspect, strengthening the reduction in production and logistics losses. Additionally, traffic education programs are needed, as well as better supervision in relation to total working hours. RESUMO Acidentes de trânsito com consequentes lesões e mortes têm se tornado uma epidemia em nível mundial. No Brasil, a maioria dos motoristas profissionais, sobretudo motoristas de transporte de cargas, enfrenta jornada de trabalho irregular e permanece acordado por mais de 18 horas/dia, o que reduz seu desempenho e estado de alerta. Neste artigo, discutimos as leis dos motoristas profissionais brasileiros e suas alterações vigentes (nº 12.619/2012 e nº 13.103/2015) em relação às horas de trabalho ao volante e a pausas para descanso, imprescindíveis para a qualidade de vida dos motoristas e para a sociedade em geral. Observamos que a nova legislação se mostra menos eficiente que a anterior por causar insegurança e preocupação aos usuários do sistema de transporte, aos próprios motoristas e aos empregadores. Para restringir e reduzir acidentes

Scanning tuneeling microscopy studies of fivefold surfaces of icosahedral Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystals and of thin silver films on those surfaces

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Unal, Baris

2008-01-01

The present work in this dissertation mainly focuses on the clean fivefold surfaces of i-Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystals as well as the nucleation and growth of Ag films on these surfaces. In addition, Ag film growth on NiAl(110) has been explored in the frame of this dissertation. First, we have investigated the equilibration of a fivefold surface of icosahedral Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystal at 900-915 K and 925-950 K, using Omicron variable temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Annealing at low temperatures resulted in many voids on some terraces while the others were almost void-free. After annealing at 925-950K, void-rich terraces became much rarer. Ourmore » STM images suggest that through growth and coalescence of the voids, a different termination becomes exposed on host terraces. All of these observations in our study indicate that even after the quasicrystalline terrace-step structure appears, it evolves with time and temperature. More specifically, based on the STM observations, we conclude that during the annealing a wide range of energetically similar layers nucleate as surface terminations, however, with increasing temperature (and time) this distribution gets narrower via elimination of the metastable void-rich terraces. Next, we have examined the bulk structural models of icosahedral Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystal in terms of the densities, compositions and interplanar spacings for the fivefold planes that might represent physical surface terminations. In our analyses, we mainly have focused on four deterministic models which have no partial or mixed occupancy but we have made some comparisons with an undeterministic model. We have compared the models with each other and also with the available experimental data including STM, LEED-IV, XPD and LEIS. In all deterministic models, there are two different families of layers (a pair of planes), and the nondeterministic model contains similar group of planes. These two families differ in terms of the chemical

Smoking control: challenges and achievements.

PubMed

Silva, Luiz Carlos Corrêa da; Araújo, Alberto José de; Queiroz, Ângela Maria Dias de; Sales, Maria da Penha Uchoa; Castellano, Maria Vera Cruz de Oliveira

2016-01-01

muito promissor para atuar junto a seus pacientes e a população em geral. É preciso atuar com maior ímpeto em prol das políticas de saúde e das normas de convívio social que contribuem diretamente para melhorar a saúde e a vida. Nesse aspecto, os pneumologistas podem ter um papel de maior destaque na medida em que se envolvam com o tratamento dos fumantes, a aplicação da lei antifumo e as políticas de saúde relacionadas às doenças respiratórias.

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment in the Central Part of Republic of Moldova

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ercanoglu, Murat; Boboc, Nicolae; Sirodoev, Igor; Ahmet Temiz, F.; Sirodoev, Ghenadi

2010-05-01

There has been an increasing interest in natural hazard assessments within the scientific community, particularly in the last two decades. In other respect, there is also a dramatically rising trend in the number of natural hazards. Growing population and expansion of settlements and lifelines over hazardous areas have largely increased the impact of natural disasters both in industrialized and developing countries. Furthermore, natural disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, floods have dramatic effects on human life, infrastructures, environment, and so on. Landslides, one of the most destructive natural hazards, constitute a major geological hazard throughout the world, like in Turkey and Moldova. There are a lot of regions affected by landslides in Turkey (particularly the West, Middle and East Black Sea Region) and Moldova (e.g.: area between Nisporeni, Calarasi, Balti, Western Rezina District, Codri Hills in Central Moldova etc.), and consequences of landslides are of great importance in the two countries. In the last 50 years' period, only the economic loss due to landslides in Turkey is estimated about 5 billion , and 12.5 % of the whole settlement areas, including big and populated cities, are facing landslide threat. Similar to Turkey, there are about 16000 areas affected by landslides in Moldova. In February-March, 1998 the intensity of landslides in the central part of Moldova, including Chisinau, considerably increased. In total, 357 private households involving 1400 people were affected, 214 houses were destroyed, and 137 were damaged. The total national damage accounted for 44.3 million Lei. At present on Moldavian territory, there are more than 17000 landslides of various types. These landslides are mostly located within Central Moldavian heights, one of the most complicated geomorphologic structure and territory's fragmentation. Among major landslide triggering factors, in addition to natural ones, one should also consider the anthropogenic

Social Media-Promoted Weight Loss Among an Occupational Population: Cohort Study Using a WeChat Mobile Phone App-Based Campaign.

PubMed

He, Chao; Wu, Shiyan; Zhao, Yingying; Li, Zheng; Zhang, Yanyan; Le, Jia; Wang, Lei; Wan, Siyang; Li, Changqing; Li, Yindong; Sun, Xinying

2017-10-23

likely to be associated with weight loss. The more active participants were in the weight loss program via WeChat, the more weight they lost. The weight loss intervention campaign based on an official WeChat account focused on an occupation-based population in Shunyi District was effective for males. The more active male participants were in using WeChat, the more weight they lost. There might be no effect or there may even be a negative effect on weight loss for females. Future research should focus on how to improve adherence to the WeChat weight loss interventions, to improve and refine the WeChat content such as developing a variety of materials to attract interest, and to protect personal privacy, especially for females. ©Chao He, Shiyan Wu, Yingying Zhao, Zheng Li, Yanyan Zhang, Jia Le, Lei Wang, Siyang Wan, Changqing Li, Yindong Li, Xinying Sun. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 23.10.2017.

Evaluating the Validity of Current Mainstream Wearable Devices in Fitness Tracking Under Various Physical Activities: Comparative Study.

PubMed

Xie, Junqing; Wen, Dong; Liang, Lizhong; Jia, Yuxi; Gao, Li; Lei, Jianbo

2018-04-12

the resting state (MAPE of 0.04), whereas Dongdong performed the best for the measurement of the number of steps under the walking state (MAPE of 0.01). Fitbit Surge performed the best for distance measurement under the cycling state (MAPE of 0.04), and Huawei Talk Band B3 performed the best for energy consumption measurement under the walking state (MAPE of 0.17). At present, mainstream devices are able to reliably measure heart rate, number of steps, distance, and sleep duration, which can be used as effective health evaluation indicators, but the measurement accuracy of energy consumption is still inadequate. Fitness trackers of different brands vary with regard to measurement of indicators and are all affected by the activity state, which indicates that manufacturers of fitness trackers need to improve their algorithms for different activity states. ©Junqing Xie, Dong Wen, Lizhong Liang, Yuxi Jia, Li Gao, Jianbo Lei. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 12.04.2018.

Assessing different airborne EM systems for delivering information on aquifer geometry and character: A case study from the Musgrave Province South Australia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Munday, T. J.; Ley-Cooper, A. Y.

2012-12-01

resource projects. We have processed and inverted data from two fixed wing TDEM systems (TEMPEST and SPECTREM2000), and two helicopter TDEM systems (VTEM and SKYTEM508) using the same model parameterization (fixed 30-layer thicknesses) and one common inversion kernel. A 1D LEI algorithm has been used and each sample has been inverted independently; the choice of the algorithm was primarily dependent on a capability to model the data. The capacity to resolve targets of a variable nature resides mainly on the ability to accurately model the system and account for the processing that may have occurred post acquisition. The comparison was undertaken for two distinct areas containing a contrasting hydrogeology. Results reveal a palaeovalley fill sequence and suggest a complex landscape evolution. Most systems resolve similar structures despite their different geometries, induction waveforms, transmitted current, and footprints. Not surprising is the ability of certain systems to detect and resolve a more complex near-surface aquifer variability. Their significance has to be considered in the context of the quality of the groundwater resource they may contain and their hydraulic properties.

Increased miR-124-3p in microglial exosomes following traumatic brain injury inhibits neuronal inflammation and contributes to neurite outgrowth via their transfer into neurons.

PubMed

Huang, Shan; Ge, Xintong; Yu, Jinwen; Han, Zhaoli; Yin, Zhenyu; Li, Ying; Chen, Fanglian; Wang, Haichen; Zhang, Jianning; Lei, Ping

2018-01-01

inhibited neuroinflammation in mice with rTBI. Taken together, increased miR-124-3p in microglial exosomes after TBI can inhibit neuronal inflammation and contribute to neurite outgrowth via their transfer into neurons. miR-124-3p exerted these effects by targeting PDE4B, thus inhibiting the activity of mTOR signaling. Therefore, miR-124-3p could be a promising therapeutic target for interventions of neuronal inflammation after TBI. miRNAs manipulated microglial exosomes may provide a novel therapy for TBI and other neurologic diseases.-Huang, S., Ge, X., Yu, J., Han, Z., Yin, Z., Li, Y., Chen, F., Wang, H., Zhang, J., Lei, P. Increased miR-124-3p in microglial exosomes following traumatic brain injury inhibits neuronal inflammation and contributes to neurite outgrowth via their transfer into neurons. © FASEB.

TCR backscattering characterization for microwave remote sensing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riccio, Giovanni; Gennarelli, Claudio

2014-05-01

doubly reflected rays define the leading term in the angular region around the boresight direction. The validity of the approach is well assessed by comparisons with experimental results, and its formulation is computer time inexpensive since in closed form. Moreover it is preferable to the model using near-field PO integrations for describing the interactions between the internal TCR's faces since this last requires the evaluation of multi-dimensional integrals, i.e., the expression of the final incident field contains a two-dimensional integral for each previous interaction. [1] Y. Qin, D. Perissin, and L. Lei, "The Design and Experiments on Corner Reflectors for Urban Ground Deformation Monitoring in Hong Kong," Int. J. Antennas Propagat., vol. 2013, pp. 1-8. [2] T. A. Stabile, A. Perrone, M. R. Gallipoli, R. Ditommaso, and F. C. Ponzo, "Dynamic Survey of the Musmeci Bridge by Joint Application of Ground-Based Microwave Radar Interferometry and Ambient Noise Standard Spectral Ratio Techniques," IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 870-874, 2013.

População nuclear e extranuclear em rádio-galáxias

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Raimann, D. I.; Storchi-Bergmann, T.; Quintana, H.; Alloin, D.; Hunstead, R.; Wisotzki, L.

2003-08-01

A natureza do contínuo UV/ótico em rádio-galáxias é muito importante para o seu entendimento. Em baixos redshifts existem evidências de que muitas delas são dominadas no ótico por luz de estrelas velhas, características de galáxias early-type e em altos redshifts a característica dominante é um excesso de luz no UV, freqüentemente associado com estruturas que estão alinhadas aos eixos das estruturas rádio em grande escala. Inicialmente esse excesso foi interpretado como devido a episódios intensos de formação estelar nas galáxias hospedeiras. Entretanto, as descobertas dos alinhamentos entre as estruturas UV e rádio modificaram essa idéia. Foi proposto que a formação estelar é iniciada pela passagem do jato rádio através do meio interestelar das galáxias hospedeiras. A natureza do excesso UV começou a ser compreendida em um estudo detalhado do continuo ótico da 3C321, onde se concluiu que o contínuo desta galáxia tem origem multicomponente, com contribuições de populações velhas e intermediárias, de luz espalhada oriunda de um quasar obscurecido e do contínuo nebular. No presente trabalho estudamos a população nuclear e extranuclear de uma amostra de 24 rádio-galáxias, utilizando espectros óticos de fenda longa, com alta razão sinal/ruído. Através do método de síntese espectral de populações estelares, foram estimadas as contribuições de populações estelares de diferentes idades (e de um contínuo tipo lei de potência devido a um AGN, FC) para a luz integrada das galáxias, em 4020Å. As principais conclusões deste trabalho são: apenas quatro dos objetos estudados têm contribuições significativas (maiores do que 10%) das populações de 100 milhões de anos ou mais jovens (ou de FC) ao longo da região espacial estudada (6 kpc centrais); nenhuma das rádio-galáxias de tipo FRI estudadas tem contribuição significativa destas populações ao longo desta região; duas (de oito) de tipo FRII tem contribui

mHealth or eHealth? Efficacy, Use, and Appreciation of a Web-Based Computer-Tailored Physical Activity Intervention for Dutch Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

PubMed

Gomez Quiñonez, Stefanie; Walthouwer, Michel Jean Louis; Schulz, Daniela Nadine; de Vries, Hein

2016-11-09

participants receiving (t 182 =3.07, P=.002) and reading the feedback messages (t 181 =2.34, P=.02), as well as the clarity of the messages (t 181 =1.99, P=.049). We tested 2 Web-based computer-tailored physical activity intervention versions (mHealth and eHealth) against a control condition with regard to efficacy, use, usability, and appreciation. The overall effect was mainly caused by the more effective eHealth intervention. The mHealth app was rated inferior to the eHealth version with regard to usability and appreciation. More research is needed to assess how both methods can complement each other. Netherlands Trial Register: NTR4503; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4503 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6lEi1x40s). ©Stefanie Gomez Quiñonez, Michel Jean Louis Walthouwer, Daniela Nadine Schulz, Hein de Vries. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 09.11.2016.

Comparing the Efficacy of a Mobile Phone-Based Blood Glucose Management System With Standard Clinic Care in Women With Gestational Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial.

PubMed

Mackillop, Lucy; Hirst, Jane Elizabeth; Bartlett, Katy Jane; Birks, Jacqueline Susan; Clifton, Lei; Farmer, Andrew J; Gibson, Oliver; Kenworthy, Yvonne; Levy, Jonathan Cummings; Loerup, Lise; Rivero-Arias, Oliver; Ming, Wai-Kit; Velardo, Carmelo; Tarassenko, Lionel

2018-03-20

2.63 [SD 1.71] readings per day in the intervention and control groups, respectively; P<.001). There was no significant difference in direct health care costs between the two groups, with a mean cost difference of the intervention group compared to control of -£1044 (95% CI -£2186 to £99). There were no unexpected adverse outcomes. Remote blood glucocse monitoring in women with GDM is safe. We demonstrated superior data capture using GDm-health. Although glycemic control and maternal and neonatal outcomes were similar, women preferred this model of care. Further studies are required to explore whether digital health solutions can promote desired self-management lifestyle behaviors and dietetic adherence, and influence maternal and neonatal outcomes. Digital blood glucose monitoring may provide a scalable, practical method to address the growing burden of GDM around the world. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01916694; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01916694 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6y3lh2BOQ). ©Lucy Mackillop, Jane Elizabeth Hirst, Katy Jane Bartlett, Jacqueline Susan Birks, Lei Clifton, Andrew J Farmer, Oliver Gibson, Yvonne Kenworthy, Jonathan Cummings Levy, Lise Loerup, Oliver Rivero-Arias, Wai-Kit Ming, Carmelo Velardo, Lionel Tarassenko. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 20.03.2018.

How Do Galaxies Grow?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2008-08-01

to the most massive galaxies belonging to clusters. "Most surprising is that in three of the four groups, the brightest galaxy also has a bright companion galaxy. These galaxy pairs are merging systems," says Tran. The brightest galaxy in each group can be ordered in a time sequence that shows how luminous galaxies continue to grow by merging until recently, that is, in the last 5 billion years. It appears that due to the most recent episode of this 'galactic cannibalism', the brightest galaxies became at least 50% more massive. This discovery provides unique and powerful validation of hierarchical formation as manifested in both galaxy and cluster assembly. "The stars in these galaxies are already old and so we must conclude that the recent merging did not produce a new generation of stars," concludes Tran. "Most of the stars in these galaxies were born at least 7 billion years ago." The team is composed of Kim-Vy H. Tran (Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Zürich, Switzerland), John Moustakas (New York University, USA), Anthony H. Gonzalez and Stefan J. Kautsch (University of Florida, Gainesville, USA), and Lei Bai and Dennis Zaritsky (Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, USA). The results presented here are published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters: "The Late Stellar Assembly Of Massive Cluster Galaxies Via Major Merging", by Tran et al.

Study and optimization of the macroscopic electrical response of carbon based nanocomposites for advanced applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silva, Jaime Pedro Oliveira da

A presente tese centrou-se no estudo da resposta da constante dieletrica e condutividade eletrica em materiais compositos nos quais o reforco tinha uma elevada proporcao entre comprimento e diametro. O objeto de estudo foi o efeito de um reforco com uma elevada razao entre comprimento e diametro, concentracao e orientacao na resposta eletrica e dieletrica de um composito. Estes compositos tem uma grande importancia no desenvolvimento de materiais para sensores e atuadores. Num primeiro momento da dissertacao, explorou-se a resposta da constante dieletrica de um composito constituido por nanotubos de carbono como reforco e uma matriz polimerica. Verificou-se que um aumento da razao entre comprimento e diametro do reforco tem o efeito de aumentar a constante dieletrica do composito para uma igual fracao volumetrica de reforco. Constatou-se tambem que materiais na fase nematica demonstram uma constante dieletrica mais baixa quando comparados com materiais onde o reforco esta distribuido aleatoriamente. Ficou ainda demonstrado nesta dissertacao que materiais na fase nematica com razoes entre o comprimento e diametro diferentes a constante dieletrica segue uma lei de potencia. Numa segunda fase do trabalho, foi explorada a condutividade de nanocompositos polimericos reforcados com nanotubos de carbono, atraves de um modelo baseado em cilindros impenetraveis. Ficou demonstrado que o modelo e apropriado para descrever a condutividade eletrica de um nanocomposito polimerico reforcado com nanotubos. As simulacoes desenvolvidas demonstram que, aumentando a razao entre o comprimento e o diametro dos nanotubos de carbono, aumenta a condutividade eletrica do nanocomposito. No entanto, verifica-se que aumentando a anisotropia diminui a condutividade, sendo este efeito mais evidente para fracoes volumetricas maiores. Nesta dissertacao comprovou-se ainda que uma microestrutura gerada por um algoritmo de empacotamento sequencial pode ser descrita por um grafo aleatorio e que a

Different Cultures in Astronomy Education and Their Meanings in the Classroom. (Spanish Title: Las Diferentes Culturas en la Educación en Astronomía y Sus Significados EN EL Aula. ) As Diferentes Culturas na Educação em Astronomia E Seus Significados em Sala de Aula

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pereira de Barros, Vicente; Bovolenta Ovigli, Daniel Fernando

2014-12-01

el trabajo con Astronomía(s) en la clase. Se observó que los participantes todavía no habían presentado estos temas en sus clases y tampoco habían participado en cursos de formación que abordaran estos temas. O presente trabalho apresenta uma reflexão acerca da utilização da História da Ciência no currículo da educação formal, por meio da discussão relativa ao emprego de elementos culturais de grupos étnicos em ações voltadas à educação em Astronomia. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no âmbito de um curso de extensão e a análise aqui empreendida refere-se a um encontro que abordou sequências didáticas relativas àquele tema, com fundamento na lei 11.645/2008 e a obrigatoriedade de abordagem da temática "História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Indígena" no currículo oficial. A ação de extensão ocorreu junto a professores que ensinam Ciências da Natureza, no interior do estado de São Paulo, discutindo-se temas relativos ao uso de História da Ciência e o relacionamento com cosmogonias oriundas dos povos Iorubá e Tupi, evidenciando como podem enriquecer o trabalho com a(s) Astronomia(s) em sala de aula. Observou-se que os participantes ainda não haviam apresentado estes temas em suas aulas e, igualmente, não participaram de cursos de formação que contemplassem a referida temática.

Energetics and Defect Interactions of Complex Oxides for Energy Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Solomon, Jonathan Michael

energetic stability for La solid solutions than for Y. Additionally, calculations performed for different atomic configurations show a preference for reduced (increased) oxygen vacancy coordination around La (Y) dopants. The current results are shown to be qualitatively consistent with related calculations and calorimetric measurements of heats of formation in other trivalent doped fluorite oxides, which show a tendency for increasing stability and increasing preference for higher oxygen coordination with increasing size of the trivalent impurity. We expand this investigation by considering a series of trivalent rare earth fission product cations, specifically, Y3+ (1.02 A, Shannon radius with eightfold coordination), Dy3+ (1.03 A), Gd 3+ (1.05 A), Eu3+ (1.07 A), Sm3+ (1.08 A), Pm3+ (1.09 A), Nd3+ (1.11 A), Pr3+ (1.13 A), Ce3+ (1.14 A) and La3+ (1.16 A). Compounds with ionic radius of the M3+ species smaller or larger than 1.09 A are found to have energetically preferred defect ordering arrangements. Systems with preferred defect ordering arrangements are suggestive of defect clustering in short range ordered solid solutions, which is expected to limit oxygen ion mobility and therefore the rate of oxidation of spent nuclear fuel. Finally, the energetics of rare earth substituted (M3+= La, Y, and Nd) UO2 solid solutions are investigated by employing a combination of calorimetric measurements and DFT based computations. The calorimetric studies are performed by Lei Zhang and Professor Alexandra Navrotsky at the University of Calfornia, Davis, as part of a joint computational/ experimental collaborative effort supported through the Materials Science of Actinides Energy Frontier Research Center. Calculated and measured formation enthalpies agree within 10 kJ/mol for stoichiometric oxygen/metal compositions. To better understand the factors governing the stability and defect binding in rare earth substituted urania solid solutions, systematic trends in the energetics are

PREFACE: Ultrathin layers of graphene, h-BN and other honeycomb structures Ultrathin layers of graphene, h-BN and other honeycomb structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geber, Thomas; Oshima, Chuhei

2012-08-01

Kusunoki Mechanical exfoliation of epitaxial graphene on Ir(111) enabled by Br2 intercalationCharlotte Herbig, Markus Kaiser, Nedjma Bendiab, Stefan Schumacher, Daniel F Förster, Johann Coraux, Klaus Meerholz, Thomas Michely and Carsten Busse Low energy electron microscopy and photoemission electron microscopy investigation of grapheneK L Man and M S Altman Periodic overlayers and moiré patterns: theoretical studies of geometric propertiesKlaus Hermann Silicene structures on silver surfacesHanna Enriquez, Sébastien Vizzini, Abdelkader Kara, Boubekeur Lalmi and Hamid Oughaddou Contrast inversion of the h-BN nanomesh investigated by nc-AFM and Kelvin probe force microscopyS Koch, M Langer, S Kawai, E Meyer and Th Glatzel Probing the electronic structure and optical response of a graphene quantum disk supported on monolayer grapheneWu Zhou, Stephen J Pennycook and Juan-Carlos Idrobo Multi-oriented moiré superstructures of graphene on Ir(111): experimental observations and theoretical modelsLei Meng, Rongting Wu, Lizhi Zhang, Linfei Li, Shixuan Du, Yeliang Wang and H-J Gao The physics of epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001)H Kageshima, H Hibino and S Tanabe

Potential soil organic carbon stocks in semi arid areas under climate change scenarios: an application of CarboSOIL model in northern Egypt

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muñoz-Rojas, Miriam; Abd-Elmabod, Sameh K.; Jordán, Antonio; Zavala, Lorena M.; Anaya-Romero, Maria; De la Rosa, Diego

2014-05-01

1. INTRODUCTION Climate change is predicted to have a large impact on semi arid areas which are often degraded and vulnerable to environmental changes (Muñoz-Rojas et al., 2012a; 2012b; 2013). However, these areas might play a key role in mitigation of climate change effects through sequestration of carbon in soils (United Nations, 2011). At the same time, increasing organic carbon in these environments could be beneficial for soil erosion control, soil fertility and, ultimately, food production (Lal, 2004). Several approaches have been carried out to evaluate climate change impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, but soil carbon models are amongst the most effective tools to assess C stocks, dynamics and distribution and to predict trends under climate change scenarios (Jones et al., 2005 ). CarboSOIL is an empirical model based on regression techniques and developed to predict SOC contents at standard soil depths of 0 to 25, 25 to 50 and 50-75 cm (Muñoz-Rojas et al., 2013). CarboSOIL model has been designed as a GIS-integrated tool and is a new component of the agroecological decision support system for land evaluation MicroLEIS DSS (De la Rosa et al., 2004). 2. GENERAL METHODS In this research, CarboSOIL was applied in El-Fayoum depression, a semi arid region located in northern Egypt with a large potential for agriculture (Abd-Elmabod et al, 2012). The model was applied in a total of six soil-units classified according the USDA Soil Taxonomy system within the orders Entisols and Aridisols under different climate climate change scenarios. Global climate models based on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (Agrawala at al., 2004) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) were applied to predict short-, medium- and long-term trends (2030, 2050 and 2100) of SOC dynamics and sequestration at different soil depths (0-25, 25-50 and 50-75) and land use types (irrigated areas, olive groves, wheat, cotton and other annual

Comparing a simple methodology to evaluate hydrodynamic parameters with rainfall simulation experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Di Prima, Simone; Bagarello, Vincenzo; Bautista, Inmaculada; Burguet, Maria; Cerdà, Artemi; Iovino, Massimo; Prosdocimi, Massimo

2016-04-01

., Haverkamp, R., 2006. Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer Parameters through Infiltration Experiments - BEST. Soil Science Society of America Journal 70, 521. doi:10.2136/sssaj2005.0026 Liu, H., Lei, T.W., Zhao, J., Yuan, C.P., Fan, Y.T., Qu, L.Q., 2011. Effects of rainfall intensity and antecedent soil water content on soil infiltrability under rainfall conditions using the run off-on-out method. Journal of Hydrology 396, 24-32. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.10.028 Logsdon, S.D., Jaynes, D.B., 1996. Spatial Variability of Hydraulic Conductivity in a Cultivated Field at Different Times. Soil Science Society of America Journal 60, 703. doi:10.2136/sssaj1996.03615995006000030003x Prieksat, M.A., Kaspar, T.C., Ankeny, M.D., 1994. Positional and Temporal Changes in Ponded Infiltration in a Corn Field. Soil Science Society of America Journal 58, 181. doi:10.2136/sssaj1994.03615995005800010026x Tricker, A.S., 1979. The design of a portable rainfall simulator infiltrometer. Journal of Hydrology 41, 143-147. doi:10.1016/0022-1694(79)90111-2 van De Giesen, N.C., Stomph, T.J., de Ridder, N., 2000. Scale effects of Hortonian overland flow and rainfall-runoff dynamics in a West African catena landscape. Hydrol. Process. 14, 165-175. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(200001)14:1<165::AID-HYP920>3.0.CO;2-1 Zimmermann, A., Schinn, D.S., Francke, T., Elsenbeer, H., Zimmermann, B., 2013. Uncovering patterns of near-surface saturated hydraulic conductivity in an overland flow-controlled landscape. Geoderma 195-196, 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.11.002

EDITORIAL: Focus on Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors FOCUS ON DILUTE MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chambers, Scott A.; Gallagher, Bryan

2008-05-01

Chisholm, J D Budai and D P Norton Role of charge carriers for ferromagnetism in cobalt-doped rutile TiO2 T Fukumura, H Toyosaki, K Ueno, M Nakano and M Kawasaki Ab-initio study of exchange constants and electronic structure in diluted magnetic group-IV semiconductors Silvia Picozzi and Marjana Ležaić Phase coherent transport in (Ga,Mn)As D Neumaier, K Wagner, U Wurstbauer, M Reinwald, W Wegscheider and D Weiss Hydrogen interstitials-mediated ferromagnetism in MnxGe1-x magnetic semiconductors Xin-Xin Yao, Shi-Shen Yan, Shu-Jun Hu, Xue-Ling Lin, Chong Han, Yan-Xue Chen, Guo-Lei Liu and Liang-Mo Mei Electronic structures of magnetic semiconductors FeCr2Se4 and Fe0.5Cu0.5Cr2Se4 B I Min, Seung Su Baik, H C Choi, S K Kwon and J-S Kang Investigation of pure and Co2+-doped ZnO quantum dot electronic structures using the density functional theory: choosing the right functional Ekaterina Badaeva, Yong Feng, Daniel R Gamelin and Xiaosong Li Magnetic properties of sol-gel-derived doped ZnO as a potential ferromagnetic semiconductor: a synchrotron-based study N R S Farley, K W Edmonds, A A Freeman, G van der Laan, C R Staddon, D H Gregory and B L Gallagher Local electronic structure of Cr in the II-VI diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor Zn1-xCrxTe M Kobayashi, Y Ishida, J I Hwang, G S Song, A Fujimori, C S Yang, L Lee, H-J Lin, D J Huang, C T Chen, Y Takeda, K Terai, S-I Fujimori, T Okane, Y Saitoh, H Yamagami, K Kobayashi, A Tanaka, H Saito and K Ando Lack of ferromagnetism in n-type cobalt-doped ZnO epitaxial thin films T C Kaspar, T Droubay, S M Heald, P Nachimuthu, C M Wang, V Shutthanandan, C A Johnson, D R Gamelin and S A Chambers XMCD studies on Co and Li doped ZnO magnetic semiconductors Thomas Tietze, Milan Gacic, Gisela Schütz, Gerhard Jakob, Sebastian Brück and Eberhard Goering Ferromagnetic semiconductors and the role of disorder B W Wessels An extensive comparison of anisotropies in MBE grown (Ga,Mn)As material C Gould, S Mark, K Pappert, R G Dengel, J Wenisch, R P

Advanced Materials and Processing 2010

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Yunfeng; Su, Chun Wei; Xia, Hui; Xiao, Pengfei

2011-06-01

[symbol]Si-based alloy with titanium addition / S. K. Wang ... [et al.] -- Improvement of magnetic properties and size of directly casted Nd-Fe-B bulk magnets by Ti/Zr cosubstitutions / H. W. Chang ... [et al.] -- Wear behavior of the ceramic coatings on the Al6061 alloy prepared by plasma electrolytic oxidation / Jin Long Bian ... [et al.] -- Hydrogels with rapid thermal-responsibility by using liquid crystallite as template / Qingsong Zhang ... [et al.] -- The effects of TiO[symbol] buffer layer in carbon nanotubes growth on Ti substrate by thermal chemical vapor deposition and their electrochemical properties / Yong-Hwan Gwon ... [et al.] -- Phase transfer catalytic synthesis of 4-Benzyloxyl-3-Methoxylbenzaldehyde-Copolystyrene resin / Qiang Huang and Baozhong Zheng -- Compressive behaviour of nanocrystallilne Mg-5%Al alloys / H. Diao ... [et al.] -- Predicting the formation enthalpies of Al-Ga-In, Al-Ga-Sn, Cd-Ga-Sn and Ga-Sn-Zn liquid alloys by molecular interaction volume model / Hongwei Yang, Dongping Tao and Qingmei Yuan -- Low-temperature preparation and properties of high activity anatase TiO[symbol] aqueous sols / Qingju Liu ... [et al.] -- Effects of Ge mole fraction on electrical characteristics of strained SiGe channel p-MOSFET / Zhou Yang ... [et al.] -- Evaluation of oxidation and mechanical properties of the nano-sized WC-10%Nicrobraz composites consolidated by high frequency induction heated sintering / Duck-Soo Kang ... [et al.] -- Effect of ECAP on the high-temperature compressive deformation behavior of LY12 aluminum alloys / Qing-Wei Jiang ... [et al.] -- Surface energy effect on polymers adhesive bonding at room temperature / Yingxia Jin ... [et al.] -- Annealing effects on selfassembled Ge/Si (100) islands prepared by ion beam sputtering / Jie Yang ... [et al.] -- Effect of Gd on the microstructures and corrosion behaviors of magnesium alloy Mg-8.0Al-1.0Zn / Li Lei, Xie Shuisheng and Huang Guojie -- Synthesis, characterization and sensing properties of Perovskite