Auditory Evoked Potentials for the Evaluation of Hearing Sensitivity in Navy Dolphins. Modification P00002: Assessment of Hearing Sensitivity in Adult Male Elephant Seals

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-12-30

hearing in the potential and underwater behavioral hearing thresholds in four bottlenose beluga Delphinapterus leucas ," Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 294...313, "Auditory filter shapes for the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and 238-241. the white whale ( Delphinapterus leucas ) derived with...Rickards, F. W., Cohen, L. T., De Vidi, S., and Clark, G. M. of a beluga whale, Delphinapterus leucas ," Aquat. Mamm. 26, 212-228. (1995). "The

JPRS Report, Science & Technology, USSR: Chemistry.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-08-18

ZHURNAL PRIKLADNOY KHIMII, No 11, Nov 86). 64 Hydrothermal Chemistry of Gallium Alpha-orthophosphate in Orthophosphoric Acid (A. A, Adkhamov, B. S...precipitation from nitrate solutions with ammonium oxalate , heating to 400 deg and calcining at 800, 950 and 1100 deg for 4 hours. A high catalytic...12765/9835 CSO: 1841/215 UDC 548.54 HYDROTHERMAL CHEMISTRY OF GALLIUM ALPHA-ORTHOPHOSPHATE IN ORTHOPHOSPHORIC ACID Moscow DOKLADY AKADEMII NAUK

USSR Report Earth Sciences.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-03-04

IZVESTIYA AKADEMII NAUK ARMYANSKOY SSR: NAUKI 0 ZEMLE, No 1, Jan-Feb 86) 62 Characteristics of Anomalies in Variable Magnetic Field From Remote...explanation for the observed changes in amplitude and form of magnetic anomalies with a transition from the slopes of the mid-oceanic ridges to...observed strength of magnetic anomalies in oceanic basins. Figures 3; references 36: 11 Russian, 25 Western. 5303/13046 CSO: 1865/381 UDC 551.242.5

USSR Report, Engineering and Equipment.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-02-18

VISNYK AKADEMIYI NAUK UKRAYINSKOYI RSR, No 6, Jun 86) 10 Local Energy Losses in a Piezoceramic Resonator Upon Electric Excitation (A.V. Mezheritskiy...MATEMATIKA I MEKHANIKA, No 2, Mar-Apr 86) 76 Simulation of Resonant Vibrations of Vibration Insulation System Under Effect of Low-Frequency Parametric...references 19: 17 Russian, 2 Western. 12172/13046 CSO: 1861/535 10 UDC 621.372.412/.414:537.228.1 LOCAL ENERGY LOSSES IN A PIEZOCERAMIC RESONATOR UPON

International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Electromagnetic Theory (MMET 2000), Volume 1 Held in Kharkov, Ukraine on September 12-15, 2000

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-09-01

Minsk, 1987 ). [13] K. S. Miller and B. Ross, An Introduction to the Fractional Calculus and Fractional Differential Equations, John Wiley & Sons, New...arbitrary cross-section", IEE Proceedings, vol. 133, Pt. H, pp. 115-121, Apr. 1986. [5] S. Eisler and Y. Leviatan, "Analysis of electromagnetic scattering...the open two-mirror resonator," Dokl. Akad. nauk URSR, Ser. A, n. 8, pp. 51-54, 1987 . Kharkov, Ukraine, VIII-th International Conference on

JPRS Report Science & Technology USSR: Chemistry

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-09-26

IZVESTIYA AKADEMIINAUK BSSR: SERIYA KHIMICHESKIKH NAUK, No 2 , Mar-Apr 91] 16 The Effect of the Self- Oxidation of Peat During Storage on Makeup and... 2 Russian, 3 Western. Identification of the Superconductive Properties of the Ceramic High-Temperature Superconductor YBa2Cu3065+/_x 917M0158E...superconduc- tive properties of ceramic HTSC based on voltammetric curves obtained against the background of 0.5 M KC1 (pH, 2 ) at ambient temperatuer in

Literature Survey of Marine Aerosol Research

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-12-01

linearization of the kinetic equation. The calculated rate of drop evaporation is compared with the model by Sahni and Carcignani and Pa- gani. An...aerosol dispersed phase, Izv.Akad.Nauk USSR, Atmos, Ocean.Phys., 9 : 1034-1043 Evaluate the optical parameters of a model aerosol by assu- ming a linear ...in Hungary was high- er (intensity of radiation and higher temperature) than in the winter time (where a linear relationship between SO? and SOV" was

Thermophysical Properties of Matter - The TPRC Data Series. Volume 8. Thermal Radiative Properties - Nonmetallic Solids

DTIC Science & Technology

1972-01-01

Nauk SSSR, Neorg. Mater.. 3(11). 2098-2100, 1967). Tomiki. T.. "Optical Constants and Exciton States in KC1 Single Crystals . I. The Low Temperature...Properties," J. Phys. Soc. Japan. 22(2). 463-87. 1967. Tomiki, T.. "Optical Constants and Exciton States in KC1 Single Crystals . II. The Spectra of...158 50974 Miyata, T. and Tomiki, T., "The Urbach Tails and Reflection Spectra of NaCl Single Crystals ," J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 22(1), 209-18, 1967

Solid Electrolytes: Alkali-Ion Transport in Skeleton Structures

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-12-31

Hagman and P. Kierkegaard , Acta Chem. Scand. 2_2, 1822 (1968). R.G. Sizova, A.A. Voronkov. N.G. Shomyatskaga. V.V. Pynkhin and N V Belov...Subsequently it was w learned that Hagman and Kierkegaard (6) had reported the structure of NaZr2P3012. With the same space group, they...Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. 205, Issue 1. 90 (1972). 5 H.Y-P. Hong, Acta. Cryst. B30, 468 (1974). 6. L. Hagman and P. Kierkegaard , Acta. Chem

Summary of Nitrous Oxide Investigations

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-07-01

Decompcsition of Nitrous Oxide," Doklady Akad. Nauk, SSR 132, 1129, 1960. 3. Mitchell, R. C., Arbit, H. A. , and Campbell, D. T., Carbon Monoxide-.Fueled Gas... Carbon Monoxide-Fueled Gas Generator, AFWL-TR-72-185, Air Force Weapons Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico, Feb., 1973. 231 AFWL-TR-75-231...Heats of a Gas, Cp/Cv. Part III. Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide," Canadian J. of Res., 19 (Sec. A, No. 9)., !Ul, September 1941. Clusius, Hiller, and

100th anniversary of the birth of V L Ginzburg (Scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 October 2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2017-04-01

A scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) devoted to the centenary of the birth of V L Ginzburg was held on 5 October 2016 in the conference hall of the Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS. The agenda posted on the website of the RAS Physical Sciences Division http://www.gpad.ac.ru comprised the following reports: (1) Ritus V I (Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, Moscow), "V L Ginzburg and the Atomic project"; (2) Dremin I M (Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, Moscow), "Unexpected interaction properties between high-energy protons"; (3) Kocharovsky Vl V, Zheleznyakov V V (Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Nizhny Novgorod), Belyanin A A (Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Nizhny Novgorod and Texas A \\&M University, USA), Kocharovskaya E R, Kocharovsky V V (Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Nizhny Novgorod), "Superradiance: the principles of generation and implementation in lasers"; (4) Pudalov V M (Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, Moscow), "Structure of the superconducting order parameter in high-temperature Fe-based superconductors"; (5) Sadovski M V (Institute of Electrophysics, UB RAS, Ekaterinburg; M N Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, UB RAS, Ekaterinburg), "High-temperature superconductivity in an FeSe monolayer: Why is T_c so high?" The paper versions of reports 1 and 4 are presented in this Phys. Usp. issue (see pp. 414 and 420, respectively). Report 2, with its content expanded but title unchanged, is to be published as a review paper in Usp. Fiz. Nauk 187 (4) 353 (2017); Phys. Usp. 60 (4) 333 (2017). Report 3, with its content expanded, is to be published as a review paper in Usp. Fiz. Nauk 187 (4) 367 (2017); Phys. Usp. 60 (4) 345 (2017). Report 5, with its content expanded, was published as a review paper in Usp. Fiz. Nauk 186 (10) 1035 (2016); Phys. Usp. 59 (10) 947 (2016). • V L Ginzburg and the Atomic Project, V I Ritus Physics-Uspekhi, 2017, Volume 60, Number 4, Pages 413-418 • On the structure

Exchange Reactions of Organotin and Organosilicon Compounds with Mild Fluorinating Agents

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-03-01

methylphosphonic difluoride, boron trifluoride etherate, and perfluoroisobutene all react with both organosilicon and organotin. alkoxides to give...inlet tube, was charged with tributyltin cyanide (53.30 gm, 0.1686 mol) in a dry glove bag under an inert atmosphere and 500 ml of dry xylene was then...Chem. Vol. 29, p 471 (1985). 6. Tyuleneva, V.V., Rozov, L.A., Zeifman, Yu.V. and I. L. Knuny- ants,"Exchange of Fluorine by Chlorine in Perfluoro-isobutene," Tzv.Akad.Nauk. SSSR. Ser. Khim No. 5, p 1136 (1975). 17

Selected Papers on Noctilucent Clouds

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1963-01-01

The papers presented herein were taken from two Russian publications on the International Geophysical Year. The first four articles (footnoted Certain Articles Regarding Meteorology") are from Nekotoryye Problemy Meteorologii; Sbornik Statey, II Razdel Programmy MGG (Meteorologiya), No. 1, Izdat. Akademii Nauk SSSR (Certain Problems Regarding Meteorology; Collection of Articles, Second Section of the IGY Program (Meteorology), No. 1. Published by the Academy of Sciences Press) Moscow, 1960. The last two articles (footnoted "International Geophysical Year") are from Mezhdunarodnoy Geofizicheskiy God; Sbornik Statey i Materialov, Izdat. Leningradskogo Universiteta (International Geophysical Year; Collection of Articles and Materials. Published by the Leningrad University Press) 1960.

Coesite-Diamond Assemblage in Ultrahigh Pressure Crustal and Mantle rocks: Evidence for Carbon Recycling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sobolev, N. V.

2010-12-01

Coesite, a high-pressure polymorph of silica, was first discovered as part of a coesite-eclogite assemblage (coesite, garnet, omphacite) in equilibrium with diamond as diamond inclusion (DI) in Siberian diamond placers (Sobolev et al., 1976, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 230: 1442). In recent years, coesite has become a key mineral coexisting with diamond both in kimberlite (DIs) and in UHP metamorphic rocks of the Kokchetav massif, Kazakhstan (diamondiferous gneisses and calcsilicate rocks). In the UHPM rocks of Kokchetav massif, coesite was first detected as inclusions in zircon associated with diamonds (Sobolev et al., 1991, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 321: 184), as a result of the initial studies that had identified diamonds as inclusions in garnets and zircons (Sobolev, Shatsky, 1990, Nature, 343: 742). Garnet and omphacitic clinopyroxene are the principal primary minerals associated with coesite and diamond in UHP mantle and crustal rocks. Their compositions plot distinctly within the eclogitic compositional field and substantiate the existence of coesite presence as DIs in eclogitic (E-type) diamonds, as well as sometimes in xenoliths of diamondiferous eclogites (Shatsky et al., 2008, Lithos, 105:289). One of the major significant features of these eclogitic minerals in both UHPM and kimberlitic mantle occurrences is the K2O contents of the clinopyroxenes, reaching 1.6 wt.%, with Na2O and MnO in Ca-Mg-Fe garnets reaching 0.3 and 6.0 wt.%, respectively. Stable isotope data for C in diamonds and O in garnet, pyroxene and coesite have resulted in establishing a very wide range for these isotopes most typical for crustal conditions - i.e., atypical of mantle values. This is clearly shown for coesite DIs (Schulze et al., 2003, Nature, 428:68), garnets from diamondiferous eclogite xenoliths from Siberian kimberlites (Spetsius et al., 2008, Eur. J. Min., 20:375), garnets and clinopyroxenes from UHP calcsilicate diamondiferous rocks of the Kokchetav massif (Sobolev et al., in

Earth Observation taken by the Expedition 33 crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-09

ISS033-E-019822 (9 Nov. 2012) --- An eruption plume from the Karymsky volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula in the Russian Federation is visible in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station. The Karymsky stratovolcano stands 1,536 meters above sea level, with most eruptions and occasional lava flows originating from the summit. Karymsky is the most active of Kamchatka’s eastern volcanoes, with almost constant (on a geologic time scale) volcanism occurring since at least the late 18th century when the historical record for the region begins. In light of the high levels of volcanic activity on the Kamchatka Peninsula, the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) monitors the activity levels of several volcanoes and issues updates including aviation alerts and webcams. KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 2-9 Nov. 2012; such activity can indicate movement of magma beneath or within a volcanic structure and can indicate that an eruption is imminent. The Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) subsequently reported an explosive eruption at Karymsky on Nov. 9, 2012 at 22:15 GMT. This photograph of the resulting ash plume was taken approximately one hour and 35 minutes after the eruption began. The plume extends from the summit of Karymsky (bottom center) to the southeast, with brown ash deposits darkening the snow cover below the plume. The Akademia Nauk caldera – now filled with water to form the present-day Karymsky Lake - is located to the south of Karymsky volcano. Calderas are formed by explosive eruption and emptying of a volcano’s magma chamber – leading to collapse of the structure to form a large crater-like depression. Akademia Nauk last erupted in 1996.

A note on the history of experimental and theoretical research into molecular attractive forces between solids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Danilova, N. P.

2015-09-01

From the Editorial Board. In a brief followup to the talk by E I Kats on "Van der Waals, Casimir, and Lifshitz forces in soft matter" (see pp. 892 - 896 of this issue) at the E M Lifshitz centennial session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, an interesting and instructive story was told by Nina Petrovna Danilova (Department of Low Temperature Physics and Superconductivity, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University) of how E M Lifshitz was enlisted to explain I I Abrikosova's and B V Derjaguin's experimental results. The Editorial Board of Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk (UFN) [Physics-Uspekhi] journal found the story appropriate to be published in the "Letters to the Editor" section of UFN in a jubilee selection of works marking the centennial of E M Lifshitz' birth.

Hydrothermal systems of the Karymsky Volcanic Centre, Kamchatka: Geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Taran, Yuri; Kalacheva, Elena; Inguaggiato, Salvatore; Cardellini, Carlo; Karpov, Gennady

2017-10-01

Karymsky Volcanic Centre (KVC) at the middle of the frontal volcanic chain of the Kamchatka arc consists of two joined calderas (Akademii Nauk and Karymsky volcano) and hosts two hydrothermal systems: Akademii Nauk (AN) and Karymsky (K). The AN is a typical boiling system, with Na-Cl waters (TDS 1 g/l), low gas content (CO2-N2), with deep calculated temperatures of 200 °C. In contrast, springs of the K system have lower temperatures (up to 42 °C), strong gas bubbling, TDS 2.5 g/l, and are enriched in HCO3- and SO42 -, with Mg2 + as the main cation. There are two intriguing characteristics of the K field: (i) their CO2-rich gas (> 97 mol%) has the highest 3He/4He ratios ever measured for hydrothermal systems in Kamchatka of 8 Ra (where Ra = 1.4 × 10- 6) and (ii) their thermal waters have an unusual cation composition (Mg > Na > Ca). After the 1996 sublimnic eruption within AN caldera, new hot springs appeared close to the eruption site. In this paper we synthesize all published and new geochemical data sets. The Karymsky Lake and post-1996 new thermal springs demonstrate exponential decreases in their main dissolved species, with a characteristic time of 5 to 8 years. The chemistry of AN and K springs did not change after the eruption. However, the concentration of chloride in the lake water approached 35 mg/l, compared with a background of 8-11 mg/l revealing a possible new source of hot water within the Karymsky Lake. All thermal fields of the KVC are drained by the Karymsky River with an outflow rate at the source of 2 m3/s (flowing out from Karymsky Lake) and at the exit from the Karymsky caldera of 4.5 m3/s. Using the measured solute fluxes at the source (AN springs) and at the exit (AN + K springs) the natural heat flux from the two systems can be estimated as 67 MW and 120 MW, respectively, and ≥ 20 t/d for the chloride output from both systems.

Hörmander multipliers on two-dimensional dyadic Hardy spaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Daly, J.; Fridli, S.

2008-12-01

In this paper we are interested in conditions on the coefficients of a two-dimensional Walsh multiplier operator that imply the operator is bounded on certain of the Hardy type spaces Hp, 0Nauk SSSR 109 (1956) 701-703; S.G. Mihlin, Multidimensional Singular Integrals and Integral Equations, Pergamon Press, 1965]. In this paper we extend these results to the two-dimensional dyadic Hardy spaces.

Hydrogen and its compounds under extreme pressure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Utyuzh, A. N.; Mikheyenkov, A. V.

2017-12-01

In the last two or three years, significant advances in the study of hydrogen and its compounds under extreme conditions (ultrahigh pressures over a wide temperature range) have notably changed the hydrogen phase diagram, provided a break-through in understanding hydrides’ behavior under pressure (as exemplified by the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in hydrogen sulfide), and, finally, enabled achieving cold metallization of hydrogen. The situation prior to the 2010s is reviewed in brief and more recent work is examined in detail. While the primary focus is on experimental research, mention is also made of the theoretical and numerical work it stimulates. This review presents an extension of the talk by the authors for the scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, “Old and new ideas in phase transition physics,” which was held on December 21, 2016 (see Phys. Usp. 60 948-957 (2017); Usp. Fiz. Nauk 187 1021 (2017)). (Editor’s note.)

Hamiltonian dynamics of vortex and magnetic lines in hydrodynamic type systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuznetsov, E. A.; Ruban, V. P.

2000-01-01

Vortex line and magnetic line representations are introduced for a description of flows in ideal hydrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), respectively. For incompressible fluids, it is shown with the help of this transformation that the equations of motion for vorticity Ω and magnetic field follow from a variational principle. By means of this representation, it is possible to integrate the hydrodynamic type system with the Hamiltonian H=∫\\|Ω\\|dr and some other systems. It is also demonstrated that these representations allow one to remove from the noncanonical Poisson brackets, defined in the space of divergence-free vector fields, the degeneracy connected with the vorticity frozenness for the Euler equation and with magnetic field frozenness for ideal MHD. For MHD, a new Weber-type transformation is found. It is shown how this transformation can be obtained from the two-fluid model when electrons and ions can be considered as two independent fluids. The Weber-type transformation for ideal MHD gives the whole Lagrangian vector invariant. When this invariant is absent, this transformation coincides with the Clebsch representation analog introduced by V.E. Zakharov and E. A. Kuznetsov [Dokl. Ajad. Nauk 194, 1288 (1970) [Sov. Phys. Dokl. 15, 913 (1971)

Energy flow and energy dissipation in a free surface.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goldburg, Walter; Cressman, John

2005-11-01

Turbulent flows on a free surface are strongly compressible [1] and do not conserve energy in the absence of viscosity as bulk fluids do. Despite violation of assumptions essential to Kolmogorov's theory of 1941 (K41) [2, 3], surface flows show strong agreement with Kolmogorov scaling, though intermittency is larger there. Steady state turbulence is generated in a tank of water, and the spatially averaged energy flux is measured from the four-fifth's law at each instant of time. Likewise, the energy dissipation rate as measured from velocity gradients is also a random variable in this experiment. The energy flux - dissipation rate cross-correlation is measured to be correlated in incompressible bulk flows, but strongly anti-correlated on the surface. We argue that the reason for this discrepancy between surface and bulk flows is due to compressible effects present on the surface. [1] J. R. Cressman, J. Davoudi, W. I. Goldburg, and J. Schumacher, New Journal of Physics, 6, 53, 2004. [2] U. Frisch. Turbulence: The legacy of A. N. Kolmogorov, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1995. [3] A. N. Kolmogorov, Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR, 32, 16, 1941.

Regular approximate factorization of a class of matrix-function with an unstable set of partial indices

PubMed Central

Rogosin, S.

2018-01-01

From the classic work of Gohberg & Krein (1958 Uspekhi Mat. Nauk. XIII, 3–72. (Russian).), it is well known that the set of partial indices of a non-singular matrix function may change depending on the properties of the original matrix. More precisely, it was shown that if the difference between the largest and the smallest partial indices is larger than unity then, in any neighbourhood of the original matrix function, there exists another matrix function possessing a different set of partial indices. As a result, the factorization of matrix functions, being an extremely difficult process itself even in the case of the canonical factorization, remains unresolvable or even questionable in the case of a non-stable set of partial indices. Such a situation, in turn, has became an unavoidable obstacle to the application of the factorization technique. This paper sets out to answer a less ambitious question than that of effective factorizing matrix functions with non-stable sets of partial indices, and instead focuses on determining the conditions which, when having known factorization of the limiting matrix function, allow to construct another family of matrix functions with the same origin that preserves the non-stable partial indices and is close to the original set of the matrix functions. PMID:29434502

Regular approximate factorization of a class of matrix-function with an unstable set of partial indices.

PubMed

Mishuris, G; Rogosin, S

2018-01-01

From the classic work of Gohberg & Krein (1958 Uspekhi Mat. Nauk. XIII , 3-72. (Russian).), it is well known that the set of partial indices of a non-singular matrix function may change depending on the properties of the original matrix. More precisely, it was shown that if the difference between the largest and the smallest partial indices is larger than unity then, in any neighbourhood of the original matrix function, there exists another matrix function possessing a different set of partial indices. As a result, the factorization of matrix functions, being an extremely difficult process itself even in the case of the canonical factorization, remains unresolvable or even questionable in the case of a non-stable set of partial indices. Such a situation, in turn, has became an unavoidable obstacle to the application of the factorization technique. This paper sets out to answer a less ambitious question than that of effective factorizing matrix functions with non-stable sets of partial indices, and instead focuses on determining the conditions which, when having known factorization of the limiting matrix function, allow to construct another family of matrix functions with the same origin that preserves the non-stable partial indices and is close to the original set of the matrix functions.

100th anniversary of the birth of B M Pontecorvo (Scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 September 2013)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2014-05-01

A scientific session "Prospects of Studies in Neutrino Particle Physics and Astrophysics," of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (DPS RAS), devoted to the centenary of B M Pontecorvo, was held on 2-3 September 2014 at the JINR international conference hall (Dubna, Moscow region).The following reports were put on the session agenda as posted on the website http://www.gpad.ac.ru of the RAS Physical Sciences Division: (1) Kudenko Yu G (Institute for Nuclear Research, RAS, Moscow; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow region; National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow) "Long-baseline neutrino accelerator experiments: results and prospects";(2) Spiering Ch (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Germany) "Results obtained by ICECUBE and prospects of neutrino astronomy";(3) Barabash A S (Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow) "Double beta decay experiments: current status and prospects";(4) Bilenky S M (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region; Technische Universitat M'unchen, Garching, Germany) "Bruno Pontecorvo and the neutrino";(5) Olshevskiy A G (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region) "Reactor neutrino experiments: results and prospects";(6) Gavrin V N (Institute for Nuclear Research, RAS, Moscow) "Low-energy neutrino research at the Baksan Neutrino Laboratory";(7) Gorbunov D S (Institute for Nuclear Research, RAS, Moscow): "Sterile neutrinos and their role in particle physics and cosmology";(8) Derbin A V (Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region) "Solar neutrino experiments";(9) Rubakov V A (Institute for Nuclear Research, RAS, Moscow) "Prospects of studies in the field of neutrino particle physics and astrophysics." An article by V N Gavrin, close in essence to talk 6, was published in Usp. Fiz. Nauk 181 (9), 975 (2011) [Phys. Usp. 54 (9) 941 (2011)]. Articles by V A Rubakov, close in essence

Eurasian methoxy aromatic acid ice core record of biomass burning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grieman, M. M.; Aydin, M.; Fritzsche, D.; McConnell, J. R.; Opel, T.; Sigl, M.; Saltzman, E. S.

2017-12-01

On a global basis, wildfires affect the carbon cycle, atmospheric chemistry, climate, and ecosystem dynamics. Well-dated regional proxy records can provide insight into the relationship between biomass burning and climate on millennial and centennial timescales. There is little historical information about long-term regional biomass burning variability in Siberia, the largest forested area in the Northern Hemisphere. In this study, vanillic acid and para-hydroxybenzoic acid were analyzed in the Eurasian Arctic Akademii Nauk ice core in samples covering the past 2600 years. These aromatic acids are generated during burning from the pyrolysis of lignin and transported as atmospheric aerosol. This is the first millennial-scale ice core record of these aromatic acids. Ice core meltwater samples were analyzed for vanillic acid and para-hydroxybenzoic acid using ion chromatography and electrospray tandem mass spectrometric detection. The levels of vanillic acid and para-hydroxybenzoic acid ranged from <0.05 to about 1 ppb. Three periods of strongly elevated levels were found during the preindustrial late Holocene: 650-300 BCE, 340-660 CE, and 1460-1660 CE. The most recent of these periods coincides with increased pulsing of ice-rafted debris in the North Atlantic (or Bond event) and a weakened Asian monsoon suggesting a link between Siberian burning and global patterns of climate change on centennial timescales.

FROM THE HISTORY OF PHYSICS: On the making of the Soviet hydrogen (thermonuclear) bomb

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khariton, Yu B.; Adamskii, V. B.; Smirnov, Yu N.

1996-02-01

The May 1991 issue of Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk (Physics-Uspekhi), devoted to the 70th birthday of Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov, included a translation of an article by D Hirsch and W Mathews, 'The H-bomb: Who Really Gave Away the Secret?' It was the Editors' hope that, prompted by this polemic and in many respects controversial publication, our physicists and nuclear weapons developers would speak out too. However, it is only now, five years later and with a number of formal restrictions lifted, that the Journal has received an article on the creation of the Soviet H-bomb written by Arzamas-16 (All-Union Research Institute of Experimental Physics) specialists (of whom Yu N Smirnov worked under A D Sakharov in the 1960s). The Editors are confident that this article will be of interest to our readers. What makes the article particularly authoritative is the co-authorship of Yulii Borisovich Khariton, a patriarch of national nuclear physicists. His brilliant debut dating back to the 1920s was made in the N N Semyonov group and at the famous Cavendsh Laboratory (then under E Rutherford); from 1946 to 1992 Yu B Khariton was a permanent scientific leader of the Arzamas-16 Nuclear Weapons Centre. It is primarily to I V Kurchatov and Yu B Khariton that we owe the creation of our nuclear weapons which laid the groundwork for the country's powerful defence potential. Editorial Board.

Vyacheslav (Slava) Klimov (1945-2017): A scientist par excellence, a great human being, a friend, and a Renaissance man.

PubMed

Allakhverdiev, Suleyman I; Zharmukhamedov, Sergey K; Rodionova, Margarita V; Shuvalov, Vladimir A; Dismukes, Charles; Shen, Jian-Ren; Barber, James; Samuelsson, Göran; Govindjee

2018-04-01

Vyacheslav Vasilevich (V.V.) Klimov (or Slava, as most of us called him) was born on January 12, 1945 and passed away on May 9, 2017. He began his scientific career at the Bach Institute of Biochemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Akademy Nauk (AN) SSSR), Moscow, Russia, and then, he was associated with the Institute of Photosynthesis, Pushchino, Moscow Region, for about 50 years. He worked in the field of biochemistry and biophysics of photosynthesis. He is known for his studies on the molecular organization of photosystem II (PSII). He was an eminent scientist in the field of photobiology, a well-respected professor, and, above all, an outstanding researcher. Further, he was one of the founding members of the Institute of Photosynthesis in Pushchino, Russia. To most, Slava Klimov was a great human being. He was one of the pioneers of research on the understanding of the mechanism of light energy conversion and of water oxidation in photosynthesis. Slava had many collaborations all over the world, and he is (and will be) very much missed by the scientific community and friends in Russia as well as around the World. We present here a brief biography and some comments on his research in photosynthesis. We remember him as a friendly and enthusiastic person who had an unflagging curiosity and energy to conduct outstanding research in many aspects of photosynthesis, especially that related to PSII.

Research of Formed Lunar Regholit Analog AGK-2010 / Badania wytworzonego analogu gruntu księżycowego AGK-2010

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bednarz, Stanisław; Rzyczniak, Mirosław; Gonet, Andrzej; Seweryn, Karol

2013-06-01

The results investigations of a soil having similar properties as lunar regolith performed at the Department of Drilling and Geoengineering, Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków are presented in this paper. The research was carried out jointly with the Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. The objective of the cooperation was to minimize the cost of tests of penetrator KRET, which will be used on the surface of the Moon. The American lunar regolith (e.g. CHENOBI) was used as reference soil. The most important properties were presented graphically in the form of figures and tables: grain size distribution, selected physical properties (bulk density, colour), selected mechanical parameters (shear strength, inner friction strength, cohesion). As a result the first Polish lunar soil analog AGK-2010 was produced. Pierwszy polski analog gruntu księżycowego, któremu nadano symbol AGK-2010, opracowano w Katedrze Wiertnictwa i Geoinżynierii na Wydziale Wiertnictwa, Nafty i Gazu Akademii Górniczo-Hutniczej im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Grunt ten został wytworzony w ramach współpracy z Centrum Badań Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Warszawie. Celem badań było zminimalizowanie kosztów prowadzonych przez CBK PAN testów penetratora KRET (Seweryn i in., 2011), przygotowywanego do badań powierzchni Księżyca, poprzez zastąpienie, produkowanego w Stanach Zjednoczonych, analogu regolitu księżycowego, gruntem produkcji krajowej. Próbę wzorcową stanowiły grunty o nazwie CHENOBI i JSC, produkowane w USA jako analogi regolitu księżycowego pobranego z powierzchni Księżyca przez misję Apollo 17 (Rybus, 2009), (Sibille i in., 2006). Podstawowymi właściwościami, których wartości porównywano opracowując polski odpowiednik analogu regolitu księżycowego CHENOBI były: skład granulometryczny, właściwości fizyczne (gęstość nasypowa, barwa), właściwości mechaniczne

Abnormal Eu behavior at formation of H2O- and Cl-bearing fluids during degassing of granite magmas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lukanin, Oleg

2010-05-01

melt. The abnormal behavior of Eu shows itself the stronger, the lower fO2and, accordingly, the more fraction of Eu2+is present in melt. The work is supported of the Geosciences Department of the Russian Academy of Science (the program 2- 2010) and RFBR (grant 08-05-00022). References [1] Reed M.J., Candela Ph.A., Piccoli Ph.M. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 2000. V. 140. P. 251-262. [2] Lukanin O.A., Dernov-Pegarev V.F. Vestnik Otd. Nauk Zemle RAN, No 1(25)'2007 URL: http://www.scgis.ru/russian/cp1251/h_dgggms/1-2007/informbul-1_2007/term-30e.pdf [3] Drake M.J. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 1975. V. 39. P. 55-64. [4] Wilke M. Behrens H. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1999. V. 137. P. 102-114. [5] Lukanin O.A. Vestnik Otd. Nauk o Zemle RAN, No 1(26)'2008. URL: http://www.scgis.ru/russian/cp1251/h_dgggms/1-2008/informbul-1_2008/magm-20e.pdf [6] Lukanin O.A., Dernov-Pegarev V.F. Geochemistry International, 2010 (in press)

Peterburgskaya akademiya nauk v XVIII v. i ee pol' v rasprostranenii N'yutonianstva na kontinente Evropy %t Petersburg Academy of Sciences of 18th century and its role in the dissemination of Newtonianism in teh continental Europe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nevskaya, N. I.

"Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica" by I. Newton were published and immediately recognized in England in 1687. However in countries of the continental Europe up to 1744 dominated the Cartesianism. Few newtonians were exposed to persecutions. Under such circumstances in 1724 Peter The Great decided to found an Academy of sciences in Russia. Since in this country there were no scientists, it was decided to invite them from the continental Europe. Two scientists arrived to Russia were newtonians. Other just were graduated from universities and had no hope for scientific work in their native lands. This situation turned out to be rather happy. The newtonians - J. N. Delisle and J. Hermann - trained the youth (D. Bernoulli, L. Euler, F. Ch. Mayer, G. W. Krafft, A. D. Kantemir, G. W. Richmann, M. V. Lomonosov, N. I. Popov, V. K. Trediakovskij, A. D. Krasilnikov etc.). They created the science of Russia and enhanced the doctrine of Newton. Their scientific works were printed in "Commentarii" in Latin. The newspaper "St.-Petersburg sheets" and its appendix, the magazine "Notes on the Sheet" (issued in Russian and German) - published the works of Petersburg Academy of sciences and promoted the Newtonianism. Everyone, who could read in German, used these materials. One of the readers was I. Kant. He relied upon these publications in preparing his lectures at Königsberg University, and then later, in working out the cosmogony theory. The works of J. N. Delisle, L. Euler and A. C. Clairaut on the theory of comets' and planets' movement justified Newtons doctrine. They also forced J. Cassini to accept the doctrine as well. Delisle's papers on the history of astronomy published there are helpful for understanding of the history of development the astronomy. The books of J. F. Weidler "A history of astronomy" (1741) and "Astronomical bibliography" (1755) formed the basis for all histories of astronomy in the XVIII-XIX centuries.

Estimates of the temperatures of hydrocarbon generation in the region of the Sea of Okhotsk

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Verzhbitsky, E. V.; Berlin, Yu. M.; Kononov, M. V.; Marina, M. M.

2006-07-01

Particular features of the tectonic structure and anomalous distribution of the geothermal, geomagnetic, and gravity fields in the region of the Sea of Okhotsk are considered. On the basis of heat flow data, the ages of large-scale structures in the Sea of Okhotsk are estimated at 65 Ma for the Central Okhotsk Rise and 36 Ma for the South Okhotsk Basin. The age of the South Okhotsk Basin is confirmed by the data on the kinematics and corresponds to a 50-km thickness of the lithosphere. This is in accordance with the thickness value obtained by magnetotelluric soundings. A comparative analysis of the model geothermal background and the measured heat flow values on the Akademii Nauk Rise is performed. The analysis points to an abnormally high (by approximately 20%) measured heat flow, which agrees with the high negative gradient of gravity anomalies. The estimates of the deep heat flow and the basement age of the riftogenic basins in the Sea of Okhotsk were carried out in the following areas: the Deryugin Basin (18 Ma, Early Miocene), the TINRO Basin (12 Ma, Middle Miocene), and the West Kamchatka Basin (23 Ma, Late Oligocene). The temperatures at the boundaries of the main lithological complexes of the sedimentary cover are calculated and the zones of oil and gas generation are defined. On the basis of geothermal, magnetic, structural, and other geological-geophysical data, a kinematic model of the region of the Sea of Okhotsk for a period of 36 Ma was calculated and constructed.

Lake Sarez, Tajikistan

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

Lake Sarez (top), deep in the Pamir mountains of Tajikistan, was created 90 years ago when a strong earthquake triggered a massive landslide that, in turn, became a huge dam along the Murghob River, now called the Usoi Dam. The resulting lake is perched above surrounding drainages at an elevation greater than 3000m, and is part of the watershed that drains the towering Akademi Nauk Range (see the regional image, lower). The lake is 61 km long and as deep as 500 m, and holds an estimated 17 cubic km of water. The area experiences considerable seismic activity, and scientists fear that part of the right bank may slump into the lake, creating a huge wave that will top over and possibly breach the natural dam. Such a wave would create a catastrophic flood downstream along the Bartang, Panj and Amu Darya Rivers, perhaps reaching all the way to the Aral Sea. Currently, central Asian governments, as well as the World Bank and the UN are monitoring the dam closely, and have proposed gradually lowering the lake level as a preventive measure. More information about the lake is available at the following web sites: Lake Sarez Study group, UN Report, Reliefweb Digital photograph numbers ISS002-E-7771 and ISS002-E-7479 were taken in the spring of 2001 from Space Station Alpha and are provided by the Earth Sciences and Image Analysis Laboratory at Johnson Space Center. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA-JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth.

Aromatic acids in an Arctic ice core from Svalbard: a proxy record of biomass burning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grieman, Mackenzie M.; Aydin, Murat; Isaksson, Elisabeth; Schwikowski, Margit; Saltzman, Eric S.

2018-05-01

This study presents vanillic acid and para-hydroxybenzoic acid levels in an Arctic ice core from Lomonosovfonna, Svalbard covering the past 800 years. These aromatic acids are likely derived from lignin combustion in wildfires and long-range aerosol transport. Vanillic and para-hydroxybenzoic acid are present throughout the ice core, confirming that these compounds are preserved on millennial timescales. Vanillic and para-hydroxybenzoic acid concentrations in the Lomonosovfonna ice core ranged from below the limits of detection to 0.2 and 0.07 ppb, respectively (1 ppb = 1000 ng L-1). Vanillic acid levels are high (maximum of 0.1 ppb) from 1200 to 1400 CE, then gradually decline into the twentieth century. The largest peak in the vanillic acid in the record occurs from 2000 to 2008 CE. In the para-hydrobenzoic acid record, there are three centennial-scale peaks around 1300, 1550, and 1650 CE superimposed on a long-term decline in the baseline levels throughout the record. Ten-day air mass back trajectories for a decade of fire seasons (March-November, 2006-2015) indicate that Siberia and Europe are the principle modern source regions for wildfire emissions reaching the Lomonosovfonna site. The Lomonosovfonna data are similar to those from the Eurasian Arctic Akademii Nauk ice core during the early part of the record (1220-1400 CE), but the two ice cores diverge markedly after 1400 CE. This coincides with a shift in North Atlantic climate marked by a change of the North Atlantic Oscillation from a positive to a more negative state.

Deformation patterns, magma supply, and magma storage at Karymsky Volcanic Center, Kamchatka, Russia, 2000-2010, revealed by InSAR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ji, Lingyun; Izbekov, Pavel; Senyukov, Sergey; Lu, Zhong

2018-02-01

Under a complex geological region influenced by the subduction of the Pacific plate, Kamchatka Peninsula is one of the most active volcanic arcs in the Pacific Rim. Due to logistical difficulty in instrumentation, shallow magma plumbing systems beneath some of the Kamchatkan volcanoes are poorly understood. InSAR offers a safe and quick method for monitoring volcanic deformation with a high spatial resolution. In this study, a group of satellite radar interferograms that span the time interval from 2000 to 2010 shows eruptive and non-eruptive deformation at Karymsky Volcanic Center (KVC), Kamchatka, Russia. All the interferograms provide details of the activity around the KVC during 2000-2010, as follows: (1) from 2000 to 2004, the Karymsky-AN (Akademia Nauk) area deflated and the MS (Maly Semyachik) area inflated, (2) from 2004 to 2006, the Karymsky-AN area deflated with ongoing eruption, while the MS area subsided without eruption, (3) from 2006 to 2008, as with 2000-2004, the Karymsky-AN area deflated and the MS area inflated, (4) from 2008 to 2010, the Karymsky-AN area inflated up to 3 cm, and the MS area subsided. Point source models suggest that two magma reservoirs provide a good fit to the observed deformation. One source is located beneath the area between Karymsky and AN at a depth of approximately 7.0 km, and the other one is situated beneath MS at a depth of around 5.8 km. Synchronous deformation patterns suggest that two magma systems are fed from the same deep magma source and connected by a fracture zone. The InSAR results are consistent with GPS ground deformation measurements, seismic data, and petrological constraints.

Waves on the Free Surface Described by Linearized Equations of Hydrodynamics with Localized Right-Hand Sides

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dobrokhotov, S. Yu.; Nazaikinskii, V. E.

2018-01-01

A linearized system of equations of hydrodynamics with time-dependent spatially localized right-hand side placed both on the free surface (and on the bottom of the basin) and also in the layer of the liquid is considered in a layer of variable depth with a given basic plane-parallel flow. A method of constructing asymptotic solutions of this problem is suggested; it consists of two stages: (1) a reduction of the three-dimensional problem to a two-dimensional inhomogeneous pseudodifferential equation on the nonperturbed free surface of the liquid, (2) a representation of the localized right-hand side in the form of a Maslov canonical operator on a special Lagrangian manifold and the subsequent application of a generalization to evolution problems of an approach, which was recently suggested in the paper [A. Yu. Anikin, S. Yu. Dobrokhotov, V. E. Nazaikinskii, and M. Rouleux, Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk 475 (6), 624-628 (2017); Engl. transl.: Dokl. Math. 96 (1), 406-410 (2017)], to solving stationary problems with localized right-hand sides and its combination with "nonstandard" characteristics. A method of calculation (generalizing long-standing results of Dobrokhotov and Zhevandrov) of an analog of the Kelvin wedge and the wave fields inside the wedge and in its neighborhood is suggested, which uses the consideration that this method is the projection to the extended configuration space of a Lagrangian manifold formed by the trajectories of the Hamiltonian vector field issuing from the intersection of the set of zeros of the extended Hamiltonian of the problem with conormal bundle to the graph of the vector function defining the trajectory of motion of an equivalent source on the surface of the liquid.

Alp Rose stem cells, olive oil squalene and a natural alkyl polyglucoside emulsifier: Are they appropriate ingredients of skin moisturizers - in vivo efficacy on normal and sodium lauryl sulfate - irritated skin?.

PubMed

Filipović, Mila; Gledović, Ana; Lukić, Milica; Tasić-Kostov, Marija; Isailović, Tanja; Pantelić, Ivana; Vuleta, Gordana; Savić, Snežana

2016-11-01

Since skin moisturization may be achieved by both actives and chosen carrier, plant stem cells, squalene and natural alkyl polyglucoside emulsifier may be potential components of contemporary cosmetic products. The aim of the study was in vivo evaluation of the skin irritation potential and the efficacy of Alpine Rose stem cells incorporated into li-posomes and olive oil squalene as ingredients of moisturizing creams, with respect to the novel emulsifier used for creams’ stabilization. With the employment of noninvasive skin biophysical measurements, skin hydration (EC), transepi-dermal water loss (TEWL), erythema index (EI) and viscoelas-ticity were measured on 76 healthy volunteers. In the first phase, skin irritation after a 24-hour occlusion and the long-term efficacy of creams (a 21-day study) on healthy skin were evaluated. Phase II of the study focused on the cream efficacy assessment after a 6-day treatment of sodium lauryl sulfate-irritated skin. After a 24-hour occlusion, there were no significant changes in the EI for any tested sample. In the second phase of the study, the EI was not significantly altered for the cream containing squalene, while the application of all active samples resulted in a significant reduction of TEWL. In both phases of the study an EC increase was recorded, espe-cially for the squalene-containing cream. Due to the lack of skin irritation and skin barrier impairment along with the marked hydration effect, it could be said that the in-vestigated actives incorporated into alkyl polyglucoside emulsi-fier-stabilized creams may be safely applied as ingredients for "tailor-made" cosmetic moisturizers intended for normal and dry skin care, whereas olive oil squalene could be used for the treatment of irritated or sensitive skin as well. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR34031

Aromatic acids in a Eurasian Arctic ice core: a 2600-year proxy record of biomass burning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grieman, Mackenzie M.; Aydin, Murat; Fritzsche, Diedrich; McConnell, Joseph R.; Opel, Thomas; Sigl, Michael; Saltzman, Eric S.

2017-04-01

Wildfires and their emissions have significant impacts on ecosystems, climate, atmospheric chemistry, and carbon cycling. Well-dated proxy records are needed to study the long-term climatic controls on biomass burning and the associated climate feedbacks. There is a particular lack of information about long-term biomass burning variations in Siberia, the largest forested area in the Northern Hemisphere. In this study we report analyses of aromatic acids (vanillic and para-hydroxybenzoic acids) over the past 2600 years in the Eurasian Arctic Akademii Nauk ice core. These compounds are aerosol-borne, semi-volatile organic compounds derived from lignin combustion. The analyses were made using ion chromatography with electrospray mass spectrometric detection. The levels of these aromatic acids ranged from below the detection limit (0.01 to 0.05 ppb; 1 ppb = 1000 ng L-1) to about 1 ppb, with roughly 30 % of the samples above the detection limit. In the preindustrial late Holocene, highly elevated aromatic acid levels are observed during three distinct periods (650-300 BCE, 340-660 CE, and 1460-1660 CE). The timing of the two most recent periods coincides with the episodic pulsing of ice-rafted debris in the North Atlantic known as Bond events and a weakened Asian monsoon, suggesting a link between fires and large-scale climate variability on millennial timescales. Aromatic acid levels also are elevated during the onset of the industrial period from 1780 to 1860 CE, but with a different ratio of vanillic and para-hydroxybenzoic acid than is observed during the preindustrial period. This study provides the first millennial-scale record of aromatic acids. This study clearly demonstrates that coherent aromatic acid signals are recorded in polar ice cores that can be used as proxies for past trends in biomass burning.

Time-resolved particle image velocimetry measurements of the 3D single-mode Richtmyer-Meshkov instability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Qian

The Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability (RMI) (Commun. Pure Appl. Math 23, 297-319, 1960; Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR Maekh. Zhidk. Gaza. 4, 151-157, 1969) occurs due to an impulsive acceleration acting on a perturbed interface between two fluids of different densities. In the experiments presented in this thesis, single mode 3D RMI experiments are performed. An oscillating speaker generates a single mode sinusoidal initial perturbation at an interface of two gases, air and SF6. A Mach 1.19 shock wave accelerates the interface and generates the Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability. Both gases are seeded with propylene glycol particles which are illuminated by an Nd: YLF pulsed laser. Three high-speed video cameras record image sequences of the experiment. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is applied to measure the velocity field. Measurements of the amplitude for both spike and bubble are obtained, from which the growth rate is measured. For both spike and bubble experiments, amplitude and growth rate match the linear stability theory at early time, but fall into a non-linear region with amplitude measurements lying between the modified 3D Sadot et al. model ( Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1654-1657, 1998) and the Zhang & Sohn model (Phys. Fluids 9. 1106-1124, 1997; Z. Angew. Math Phys 50. 1-46, 1990) at late time. Amplitude and growth rate curves are found to lie above the modified 3D Sadot et al. model and below Zhang & Sohn model for the spike experiments. Conversely, for the bubble experiments, both amplitude and growth rate curves lie above the Zhang & Sohn model, and below the modified 3D Sadot et al. model. Circulation is also calculated using the vorticity and velocity fields from the PIV measurements. The calculated circulation are approximately equal and found to grow with time, a result that differs from the modified Jacobs and Sheeley's circulation model (Phys. Fluids 8, 405-415, 1996).

Is the 20th century warming unprecedented in the Siberian north?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sidorova, Olga V.; Saurer, Matthias; Andreev, Andrei; Fritzsche, Diedrich; Opel, Thomas; Naurzbaev, Mukhtar M.; Siegwolf, Rolf

2013-08-01

To answer the question "Has the recent warming no analogues in the Siberian north?" we analyzed larch tree samples (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) from permafrost zone in the eastern Taimyr (TAY) (72°N, 102°E) using tree-ring and stable isotope analyses for the Climatic Optimum Period (COP) 4111-3806 BC and Medieval Warm Period (MWP) 917-1150 AD, in comparison to the recent period (RP) 1791-2008 AD. We developed a description of the climatic and environmental changes in the eastern Taimyr using tree-ring width and stable isotope (δ13C, δ18O) data based on statistical verification of the relationships to climatic parameters (temperature and precipitation). Additionally, we compared our new tree-ring and stable isotope data sets with earlier published July temperature and precipitation reconstructions inferred from pollen data of the Lama Lake, Taimyr Peninsula, δ18O ice core data from Akademii Nauk ice cap on Severnaya Zemlya (SZ) and δ18O ice core data from Greenland (GISP2), as well as tree-ring width and stable carbon and oxygen isotope data from northeastern Yakutia (YAK). We found that the COP in TAY was warmer and drier compared to the MWP but rather similar to the RP. Our results indicate that the MWP in TAY started earlier and was wetter than in YAK. July precipitation reconstructions obtained from pollen data of the Lama Lake, oxygen isotope data from SZ and our carbon isotopes in tree cellulose agree well and indicate wetter climate conditions during the MWP. Consistent large-scale patterns were reflected in significant links between oxygen isotope data in tree cellulose from TAY and YAK, and oxygen isotope data from SZ and GISP2 during the MWP and the RP. Finally, we showed that the recent warming is not unprecedented in the Siberian north. Similar climate conditions were recorded by tree-rings, stable isotopes, pollen, and ice core data 6000 years ago.

On the parameterization of interleaving and turbulent mixing using CTD data from the Azores Frontal Zone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuzmina, N. P.

2000-01-01

CTD-data obtained in the Azores Frontal Zone using a towed undulating vehicle are analyzed to study the relationship between characteristics of intrusions and mean parameters of the thermohaline field. A self-similar dependence between intrusion intensity and hydrological parameters is obtained. The most well-founded interpretation of the empirical dependence is as follows: (a) the main source supporting intrusive layering is the salt finger convection; (b) the abrupt decrease of intrusion intensity with the reduction of geostrophic Richardson number obtained from the analysis is explained by the beginning of turbulence when salt fingers do not work any longer, so the "driving force" for intrusive motion disappears. These results are consistent with the conclusions of the paper [Kuzmina N.P., Rodionov V.B., 1992. About the influence of baroclinicity upon generation of the thermohaline intrusions in the oceanic frontal zones. Izvestiya Akad. Nauk SSSR, Atmosperic and Oceanic Physics 28 (10-11), 1077-1086]. These conclusions imply that there are three main mechanisms of intrusive layering at oceanic fronts, namely the 2D baroclinic instability of geostrophic flow, the vertical shear instability and the thermohaline instability where the driving source of intrusive motion is double diffusive convection. The baroclinic and thermohaline instabilities can generate intrusions of large vertical scale, while vertical shear instability usually gives rise to thin turbulent layers. Turbulence in these thin layers can prevent salt finger convection and thus destroy the energy source of the intrusive motion conditioned by thermoclinicity. Therefore, the baroclinicity plays two parts in the processes of the intrusive layering: (1) it prevents double-diffusion interleaving by means of turbulence, and (2) it generates intrusions due to the 2D baroclinic instability of geostrophic current. Using features of thermohaline interleaving as a specific tracer of turbulent mixing, we have

Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition and two-dimensional melting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ryzhov, V. N.; Tareyeva, E. E.; Fomin, Yu D.; Tsiok, E. N.

2017-12-01

2016 (see Phys. Usp. 60 948-957 (2017); Usp. Fiz. Nauk 187 1021 (2017)). (Editor’s note.)

HF Accelerated Electron Fluxes, Spectra, and Ionization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carlson, Herbert C.; Jensen, Joseph B.

2015-10-01

Wave particle interactions, an essential aspect of laboratory, terrestrial, and astrophysical plasmas, have been studied for decades by transmitting high power HF radio waves into Earth's weakly ionized space plasma, to use it as a laboratory without walls. Application to HF electron acceleration remains an active area of research (Gurevich in Usp Fizicheskikh Nauk 177(11):1145-1177, 2007) today. HF electron acceleration studies began when plasma line observations proved (Carlson et al. in J Atmos Terr Phys 44:1089-1100, 1982) that high power HF radio wave-excited processes accelerated electrons not to ~eV, but instead to -100 times thermal energy (10 s of eV), as a consequence of inelastic collision effects on electron transport. Gurevich et al (J Atmos Terr Phys 47:1057-1070, 1985) quantified the theory of this transport effect. Merging experiment with theory in plasma physics and aeronomy, enabled prediction (Carlson in Adv Space Res 13:1015-1024, 1993) of creating artificial ionospheres once ~GW HF effective radiated power could be achieved. Eventual confirmation of this prediction (Pedersen et al. in Geophys Res Lett 36:L18107, 2009; Pedersen et al. in Geophys Res Lett 37:L02106, 2010; Blagoveshchenskaya et al. in Ann Geophys 27:131-145, 2009) sparked renewed interest in optical inversion to estimate electron spectra in terrestrial (Hysell et al. in J Geophys Res Space Phys 119:2038-2045, 2014) and planetary (Simon et al. in Ann Geophys 29:187-195, 2011) atmospheres. Here we present our unpublished optical data, which combined with our modeling, lead to conclusions that should meaningfully improve future estimates of the spectrum of HF accelerated electron fluxes. Photometric imaging data can significantly improve detection of emissions near ionization threshold, and confirm depth of penetration of accelerated electrons many km below the excitation altitude. Comparing observed to modeled emission altitude shows future experiments need electron density profiles

Nonlocal operators, parabolic-type equations, and ultrametric random walks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chacón-Cortes, L. F., E-mail: fchaconc@math.cinvestav.edu.mx; Zúñiga-Galindo, W. A., E-mail: wazuniga@math.cinvestav.edu.mx

2013-11-15

In this article, we introduce a new type of nonlocal operators and study the Cauchy problem for certain parabolic-type pseudodifferential equations naturally associated to these operators. Some of these equations are the p-adic master equations of certain models of complex systems introduced by Avetisov, V. A. and Bikulov, A. Kh., “On the ultrametricity of the fluctuation dynamicmobility of protein molecules,” Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 265(1), 75–81 (2009) [Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova 265, 82–89 (2009) (Izbrannye Voprosy Matematicheskoy Fiziki i p-adicheskogo Analiza) (in Russian)]; Avetisov, V. A., Bikulov, A. Kh., and Zubarev, A. P., “First passage time distribution and the numbermore » of returns for ultrametric random walks,” J. Phys. A 42(8), 085003 (2009); Avetisov, V. A., Bikulov, A. Kh., and Osipov, V. A., “p-adic models of ultrametric diffusion in the conformational dynamics of macromolecules,” Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 245(2), 48–57 (2004) [Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova 245, 55–64 (2004) (Izbrannye Voprosy Matematicheskoy Fiziki i p-adicheskogo Analiza) (in Russian)]; Avetisov, V. A., Bikulov, A. Kh., and Osipov, V. A., “p-adic description of characteristic relaxation in complex systems,” J. Phys. A 36(15), 4239–4246 (2003); Avetisov, V. A., Bikulov, A. H., Kozyrev, S. V., and Osipov, V. A., “p-adic models of ultrametric diffusion constrained by hierarchical energy landscapes,” J. Phys. A 35(2), 177–189 (2002); Avetisov, V. A., Bikulov, A. Kh., and Kozyrev, S. V., “Description of logarithmic relaxation by a model of a hierarchical random walk,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk 368(2), 164–167 (1999) (in Russian). The fundamental solutions of these parabolic-type equations are transition functions of random walks on the n-dimensional vector space over the field of p-adic numbers. We study some properties of these random walks, including the first passage time.« less

Filling the BINs of life: Report of an amphibian and reptile survey of the Tanintharyi (Tenasserim) Region of Myanmar, with DNA barcode data.

PubMed

Mulcahy, Daniel G; Lee, Justin L; Miller, Aryeh H; Chand, Mia; Thura, Myint Kyaw; Zug, George R

2018-01-01

Despite threats of species extinctions, taxonomic crises, and technological advances in genomics and natural history database informatics, we are still distant from cataloguing all of the species of life on earth. Amphibians and reptiles are no exceptions; in fact new species are described nearly every day and many species face possible extinction. The number of described species continues to climb as new areas of the world are explored and as species complexes are examined more thoroughly. The use of DNA barcoding provides a mechanism for rapidly estimating the number of species at a given site and has the potential to record all of the species of life on Earth. Though DNA barcoding has its caveats, it can be useful to estimate the number of species in a more systematic and efficient manner, to be followed in combination with more traditional, morphology-based identifications and species descriptions. Herein, we report the results of a voucher-based herpetological expedition to the Tanintharyi (Tenasserim) Region of Myanmar, enhanced with DNA barcode data. Our main surveys took place in the currently proposed Tanintharyi National Park. We combine our results with photographs and observational data from the Chaung-nauk-pyan forest reserve. Additionally, we provide the first checklist of amphibians and reptiles of the region, with species based on the literature and museum. Amphibians, anurans in particular, are one of the most poorly known groups of vertebrates in terms of taxonomy and the number of known species, particularly in Southeast Asia. Our rapid-assessment program combined with DNA barcoding and use of Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) of voucher specimens reveals the depth of taxonomic diversity in the southern Tanintharyi herpetofauna even though only a third of the potential amphibians and reptiles were seen. A total of 51 putative species (one caecilian, 25 frogs, 13 lizards, 10 snakes, and two turtles) were detected, several of which represent potentially

Filling the BINs of life: Report of an amphibian and reptile survey of the Tanintharyi (Tenasserim) Region of Myanmar, with DNA barcode data

PubMed Central

Mulcahy, Daniel G.; Lee, Justin L.; Miller, Aryeh H.; Chand, Mia; Thura, Myint Kyaw; Zug, George R.

2018-01-01

Abstract Despite threats of species extinctions, taxonomic crises, and technological advances in genomics and natural history database informatics, we are still distant from cataloguing all of the species of life on earth. Amphibians and reptiles are no exceptions; in fact new species are described nearly every day and many species face possible extinction. The number of described species continues to climb as new areas of the world are explored and as species complexes are examined more thoroughly. The use of DNA barcoding provides a mechanism for rapidly estimating the number of species at a given site and has the potential to record all of the species of life on Earth. Though DNA barcoding has its caveats, it can be useful to estimate the number of species in a more systematic and efficient manner, to be followed in combination with more traditional, morphology-based identifications and species descriptions. Herein, we report the results of a voucher-based herpetological expedition to the Tanintharyi (Tenasserim) Region of Myanmar, enhanced with DNA barcode data. Our main surveys took place in the currently proposed Tanintharyi National Park. We combine our results with photographs and observational data from the Chaung-nauk-pyan forest reserve. Additionally, we provide the first checklist of amphibians and reptiles of the region, with species based on the literature and museum. Amphibians, anurans in particular, are one of the most poorly known groups of vertebrates in terms of taxonomy and the number of known species, particularly in Southeast Asia. Our rapid-assessment program combined with DNA barcoding and use of Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) of voucher specimens reveals the depth of taxonomic diversity in the southern Tanintharyi herpetofauna even though only a third of the potential amphibians and reptiles were seen. A total of 51 putative species (one caecilian, 25 frogs, 13 lizards, 10 snakes, and two turtles) were detected, several of which represent

Self-preservation relation to the Kolmogorov similarity hypotheses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Djenidi, Lyazid; Antonia, Robert A.; Danaila, Luminita

2017-05-01

The relation between self-preservation (SP) and the Kolmogorov similarity hypotheses (Kolmogorov, The local structure of turbulence in incompressible viscous fluid for very large Reynolds numbers, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 30, 301 (1941) [Proc. R. Soc. London A 434, 9 (1991), 10.1098/rspa.1991.0075]) is investigated through the transport equations for the second- and third-order moments of the longitudinal velocity increments [ δ u (r ,t )=u (x ,t )-u (x +r ,t ) , where x ,t , and r are the spatial point and the time and longitudinal separation between two points, respectively]. It is shown that the fluid viscosity ν and the mean turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate ɛ ¯ (the overbar represents an ensemble average) emerge naturally from the equations of motion as controlling parameters for the velocity increment moments when SP is assumed. Consequently, the Kolmogorov length scale η [≡(ν3/ɛ¯) 1 /4] and velocity scale vK [≡(νɛ ¯) 1 /4] also emerge as natural scaling parameters in conformity with SP, indicating that Kolmogorov's first hypothesis is subsumed under the more general hypothesis of SP. Further, the requirement for a very large Reynolds number is also relaxed, at least for the first similarity hypothesis. This requirement however is still necessary to derive the two-thirds law (or the four-fifths law) from the analysis. These analytical results are supported by experimental data in wake, jet, and grid turbulence. An expression for the fourth-order moment of the longitudinal velocity increments (δu ) 4¯ is derived from the analysis carried out in the inertial range. The expression, which involves the product of (δu ) 2 and ∂ δ p /∂ x , does not require the use the volume-averaged dissipation ɛ¯r, introduced by Oboukhov [Oboukhov, Some specific features of atmospheric turbulence, J. Fluid Mech. 13, 77 (1962), 10.1017/S0022112062000506] on a phenomenological basis and used by Kolmogorov to derive his refined similarity hypotheses

Geodynamic evolution of the lithosphere of the Sea of Okhotsk region from geophysical data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Verzhbitsky, E. V.; Kononov, M. V.

2006-06-01

The tectonic structure and anomalous distributions of geophysical fields of the Sea of Okhotsk region are considered; the lack of reliable data on the age of the lithosphere beneath basins of various origins in the Sea of Okhotsk is noted. Model calculations based on geological and geophysical data yielded an age of 65 Ma (the Cretaceous-Paleocene boundary) for the Central Okhotsk rise underlain by the continental lithosphere. This estimate agrees with the age (the end of the Cretaceous) derived from seismostratigraphic data. A comparative analysis of theoretical and measured heat fluxes in the Akademii Nauk Rise, underlain by a thinned continental crust, is performed. The analysis points to a higher (by 20%) value of the measured thermal background of the rise, which is consistent with a high negative gradient of gravity anomalies in this area. Calculations yielded an age of 36 Ma (the Early Oligocene) and a lithosphere thickness of 50 km for the South Okhotsk depression, whose seafloor was formed by processes of backarc spreading. The estimated age of the depression is supported by kinematic data on the region; the calculated thickness of the lithosphere coincides with the value estimated from data of magnetotelluric sounding here. This indicates that the formation time (36 Ma) of the South Okhotsk depression was estimated correctly. Numerical modeling performed for the determination of the basement age of rifting basins in the Sea of Okhotsk gave the following estimates: 18 Ma (the Early Miocene) for the Deryugin basin, 12 Ma (the Middle Miocene) for the TINRO basin, and 23 Ma (the Late Oligocene) for the West Kamchatka trough. These estimates agree with the formation time (Oligocene-Quaternary) of the sedimentary cover in rifting basins of the Sea of Okhotsk derived from geological and geophysical data. Model temperature estimates are obtained for lithologic and stratigraphic boundaries of the sedimentary cover in the Deryugin and TINRO basins and the West

120th anniversary of the birth of Sergei Ivanovich Vavilov (Scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 March 2011)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2011-12-01

A scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) dedicated to the 120th anniversary of the birth of Sergei Ivanovich Vavilov was held in the Conference Hall of the P N Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, on 30 March 2011. The following reports were put on the session's agenda posted on the web site www.gpad.ac.ru of the Physical Sciences Division, RAS: (1) Masalov A V (P N Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, Moscow) "S I Vavilov and nonlinear optics"; (2) Basiev T T (Laser Materials and Technology Research Center, A M Prokhorov General Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow) "Luminescent nanophotonics and high-power lasers"; (3) Vitukhnovsky A G (P N Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, Moscow) "Advances in luminescent light sources and displays"; (4) Aleksandrov E B (Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, RAS, St. Petersburg) "Sergei Ivanovich Vavilov and the special theory of relativity"; (5) Bolotovsky B M (P N Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, Moscow) "Vavilov-Cherenkov effect"; (6) Vizgin V P (S I Vavilov Institute of the History of Natural Scienses and Technology, RAS, Moscow) "Sergei Ivanovich Vavilov as a historian of science"; (7) Ginzburg A S (Knowledge Society) "Academician S I Vavilov — a devotee of the enlightenment and the first president of the Knowledge Society of the USSR". The papers written on the basis of reports 1-4 and 6 are given below. The main contents of report 5 is reflected in the paper "Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation: its discovery and application" [Usp. Fiz. Nauk 179 1161 (2009); Phys. Usp. 52 1099 (2009)] published earlier by B M Bolotovsky. • S I Vavilov and nonlinear optics, A V Masalov, Z A Chizhikova Physics-Uspekhi, 2011, Volume 54, Number 12, Pages 1257-1262 • Luminescent nanophotonics, fluoride laser ceramics, and crystals, T T Basiev, I T Basieva, M E Doroshenko Physics-Uspekhi, 2011, Volume 54, Number 12, Pages 1262-1268 • Advances in light sources and displays, A G Vitukhnovsky Physics

Development of a sizes estimation method of spots on surfaces of atmosphereless Solar system bodies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rublevskiy, Alexey; Prokofjeva, Valentina

about the perspectives of the SFM for the study of surfaces of solid bodies of the Solar system. The method can be applied to study the surfaces of the selected solid bodies observed by space vehicles. References 1) Abramenko A.N., Agapov E.S., Anisimov V. F. et. al., Television astronomy. 1984 / edit. Niko-nov V.B. 2-nd publ. Moscow. "Nauka". 272 p. 2) Busarev V.V., Prokofeva-Mihajlovskaja V.V., Bochkov V.V. // Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk. 2007. . 177. 6, . 663-675. 3) Busarev V.V., Prokofeva-Mihajlovskaja V.V., Rublevsky A.N. // Izv. Cr. 2008. . 104. 6, p. 95-102. 4) Prokofjeva-Mikhailovskaja V.V., Rublevsky A.N. // Odessa Astron. Publ. 2007. V. 20. Part 2. p. 107-109.

Dissolved Free Amino Acids in Hydrothermal Springs at Yellowstone National Park, U.S.A.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cox, J. S.; Holland, M. E.; Shock, E. L.

2004-12-01

with trace amounts of alanine, proline, and histidine. At least six other unknown compounds were also observed, one of them possibly at near-micromolar levels, and there was evidence for higher levels of organic compounds in general. The generally low concentrations observed in this study suggest that amino acids participate in highly dynamic biotic pathways in Yellowstone hot springs. Our observations of lower concentrations of amino acids and less diversity differ from literature results, but are consistent with suggestions of a positive correlation between acidic conditions and higher levels of DFAA (Svensson et al., 2004). References: Mukhin L.M., Bondarev V.B., Vakin E.A., Il'yukhina N.I., Kalinichenko V.I., Milekhina E.I., Safonova E.N. (1979) Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 244(4), 974-7. Svensson E., Skoog A., and Amend J.P. (2004) Organic Geochemistry 35, 1001-1014.

Near Earth asteroids associated with the Sigma-Capricornids meteoroid stream

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gulchekhra, Kokhirova; Pulat, Babadzhanov; Umed, Khamroev

drift of the sigma-Capricornids were determined. Further to the PE criterion (Ceplecha, McCrosky 1976), the values of bulk density of the nine fireball producing meteoroids are in the range 0.2-3.5 g cm(-3) that suggests a non-homogeneous compound of the comet-progenitor of the sigma-Capricornids fireball shower. size{ References Babadzhanov, P.B., 2003, A&A,397, 319 Babadzhanov, P.B., Kokhirova, G.I., 2009, Izv. Ak. Nauk Resp. Taj.,2(135),46 Babadzhanov, P.B., Obrubov, Yu.V., 1992, Cel. Mech.& Dyn. Astron., v.54, p.111 Ceplecha, Z., McCrosky, R.E.J., 1976, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 6257 Halliday, I., Griffin, A.A., Blackwell, A.T., 1996, Met.& Planet. Sci., 31, 185 Jenniskens, P., 2006, Meteor showers and their parent comets, New- York: Cambridge Univ. Press, p. 790 Kosai, H., 1992, Cel. Mech. & Dyn. Astron., 54, 237 Kresak, L., 1982, BAC, 33, 104 McCrosky, R.E., Shao, C.Y., Posen, A., 1978, Meteoritika, 37, 44 Sekanina Z., 1973, Icarus, 18, 253 Sekanina Z., 1976, Icarus, 27, 265 Southworth, R.B., Hawkins, G.S., 1963, Smith. Cont. Aph. 7, 261}

Numerical Results of Earth's Core Accumulation 3-D Modelling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khachay, Yurie; Anfilogov, Vsevolod

2013-04-01

velocity-pressure variables is constructed on the base of the splitting method. The velocity field and pressure field we obtain using the checkerboard grid. The occurring and evolution of the initial heterogeneities in the growing planets is caused by heterogeneous distribution of falling accumulated bodies. 1.V.N. Anfilogov and Yu.V.Khachai A Possible Scenario of Material Differentiation at the Ini-tial Stage of the Earth's Formation // Doklady Earth Sciences. V. 403 A.N 6. 2005. 954-957 Transl. from Doklady Akademii Nauk.v.403.N 6.2005.803-806. 2.Khachay Yu., Anfilogov V. VARIANTS OF TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTIONS IN THE EARTH ON ITS ACCUMULATION // Proc. of the 6th Orlov Conf. "The study of the Earth as a planet by methods of geophysics, geodesy and astronomy" K.: Akad. 2010.197-202. 3.V.N. Anfilogov and Yu.V.Khachay Differentiation of the mantle matter during the process of the Earth's accumulation and early crust formation // Litosphere, 2012, N6, 3-15.

Golden rule kinetics of transfer reactions in condensed phase: The microscopic model of electron transfer reactions in disordered solid matrices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basilevsky, M. V.; Odinokov, A. V.; Titov, S. V.; Mitina, E. A.

2013-12-01

postulated in the existing theories of the ET. Our alternative dynamic ET model for local modes immersed in the continuum harmonic medium is formulated for both classical and quantum regimes, and accounts explicitly for the mode/medium interaction. The kinetics of the energy exchange between the local ET subsystem and the surrounding environment essentially determine the total ET rate. The efficient computer code for rate computations is elaborated on. The computations are available for a wide range of system parameters, such as the temperature, external field, local mode frequency, and characteristics of mode/medium interaction. The relation of the present approach to the Marcus ET theory and to the quantum-statistical reaction rate theory [V. G. Levich and R. R. Dogonadze, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz. Khim. 124, 213 (1959); J. Ulstrup, Charge Transfer in Condensed Media (Springer, Berlin, 1979); M. Bixon and J. Jortner, Adv. Chem. Phys. 106, 35 (1999)] underlying it is discussed and illustrated by the results of computations for practically important target systems.

Golden rule kinetics of transfer reactions in condensed phase: The microscopic model of electron transfer reactions in disordered solid matrices

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Basilevsky, M. V.; Mitina, E. A.; Odinokov, A. V.

beyond the kinetic regimes, which are usually postulated in the existing theories of the ET. Our alternative dynamic ET model for local modes immersed in the continuum harmonic medium is formulated for both classical and quantum regimes, and accounts explicitly for the mode/medium interaction. The kinetics of the energy exchange between the local ET subsystem and the surrounding environment essentially determine the total ET rate. The efficient computer code for rate computations is elaborated on. The computations are available for a wide range of system parameters, such as the temperature, external field, local mode frequency, and characteristics of mode/medium interaction. The relation of the present approach to the Marcus ET theory and to the quantum-statistical reaction rate theory [V. G. Levich and R. R. Dogonadze, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz. Khim. 124, 213 (1959); J. Ulstrup, Charge Transfer in Condensed Media (Springer, Berlin, 1979); M. Bixon and J. Jortner, Adv. Chem. Phys. 106, 35 (1999)] underlying it is discussed and illustrated by the results of computations for practically important target systems.« less

Golden rule kinetics of transfer reactions in condensed phase: the microscopic model of electron transfer reactions in disordered solid matrices.

PubMed

Basilevsky, M V; Odinokov, A V; Titov, S V; Mitina, E A

2013-12-21

postulated in the existing theories of the ET. Our alternative dynamic ET model for local modes immersed in the continuum harmonic medium is formulated for both classical and quantum regimes, and accounts explicitly for the mode∕medium interaction. The kinetics of the energy exchange between the local ET subsystem and the surrounding environment essentially determine the total ET rate. The efficient computer code for rate computations is elaborated on. The computations are available for a wide range of system parameters, such as the temperature, external field, local mode frequency, and characteristics of mode/medium interaction. The relation of the present approach to the Marcus ET theory and to the quantum-statistical reaction rate theory [V. G. Levich and R. R. Dogonadze, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz. Khim. 124, 213 (1959); J. Ulstrup, Charge Transfer in Condensed Media (Springer, Berlin, 1979); M. Bixon and J. Jortner, Adv. Chem. Phys. 106, 35 (1999)] underlying it is discussed and illustrated by the results of computations for practically important target systems.

On the dynamics of fission of hot nuclei

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fröbrich, P.

2007-05-01

) probabilities prescission neutron multiplicities and spectra prescission charged particle multiplicities and spectra prescission γ-multiplicities and spectra evaporation residue cross sections fission time distributions temperatures at scission fission fragment angular distributions The results above are obtained with the Ito-discretization of the Langevin equation and might lead to some modifications when using the Klimontovich [Yu.L. Klimontovich, Usp. Fiz. Nauk. 37, 737 (1994)] discretization, which is claimed to be more physical [A.E. Gettinger, I.I. Gontchar, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 26, 347 (2000)]. A satisfactory description of the measured correlation between the kinetic energy distribution and prescission neutron multiplicities could only be obtained when the mass asymmetry degree of freedom is included in the Langevin theory [P.N. Nadtochy, G.D. Adeev, A.V. Karpov, Phys. Rev. C 65, 064615 (2002)], thus generalizing the two-dimensional not overdamped Langevin models of Refs. [G.R. Tillack, R. Reif, A. Schülcke, P. Fröbrich, H.J. Krappe, H.G. Reusch, Phys. Lett. B 296, 296 (1992)] and [T. Wada, Y. Abe, N. Carjan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 3528 (1993)]. A recent article analysing the mass distribution of fission fragments is [E.G. Ryabov, A.V. Karpov, G.D. Adeev, Nucl. Phys. A 765, 39 (2006)]. The first important point I want to stress is that the driving force of a hot system is not simply the negative gradient of the conservative potential but should contain a thermodynamical correction which is not taken into account in a number of publications.

[The herbals and floristic albums of Eliza Orzeszkowa].

PubMed

Kuźnicka, Barbara

2006-01-01

�awoj Kucharski entitled Pasje pisarki [The writer's passions], published in 1998 in "Gazeta Farmaceutyczna" [Pharmaceutical Journal] and illustrated with pages from the herbal created by Orzeszkowa. One of the authors, Jan Majewski, has found also other herbal-albums, kept, among other places, at the Museum of the Marist Fathers near London, and in the archival collections of the Ossolineum publishing house. A major surprise was connected with the discovery of a herbal that had the features of genuine botanical documentation. The title page of the herbal, which was discovered (by Jan Majewski and Sławoj Kucharski ) at Poznań, in the collections of the Poznań Society of the Friends of Science, carries the inscription: Zielnik Elizy Orzeszkowej. Z pól, lak i lasów, nadniemeńskich miejscowości, Miniewicze, Ponizany, Hledowicze, Kowszów, Poniemuń, Horny, Kołpaki [The Herbal of Eliza Orzeszkowa. From the fields, meadows and woods of localities on the Niemen river, Miniewicze, Ponizany, Hledowicze, Kowszów, Poniemuń, Horny, Kołpaki]. The value of the herbal for the history of botany has been appreciated by Anna Maria Kielak, the author of a beautiful bibliophile publication entitled Zielnik Elizy Orzeszkowej nieznany zabytek botaniczny przechowywany w zbiorach Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk. [The herbal of Eliza Orzeszkowa. An unknown botanical aabytek kept in the collections of the Poznań Society of the Friends of Science], Poznań 2004, pp. 151. The author has presented Eliza Orzeszkowa's biography, as well as her botanical and ethnographic passions. She has also made a list of the plants mentioned in the herbal, as well as appendices containing Orzeszkowa's correspondence with botanists. The author also describes the artistic albums composed by Orzeszkowa from dried herbs.

Microbiological profile of selected mucks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dąbek-Szreniawska, M.; Wyczółkowski, A. I.

2009-04-01

a mucky-peat soil with different degrees of muck process, described by Gawlik (2000) as MtI - first step of muck process, and MtII - second step of muck process. The numbers of selected groups of microorganisms were established using the cultivation method. The total number of microorganisms, zymogenic, aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms (Fred, Waksman 1928), oligotrophic microorganisms, the number of fungi (Parkinson 1982), ammonifiers (Parkinson et al 1971), nitrogen reducers and amolytic microorganisms (Pochon and Tardieux 1962), were determined. RESULTS The interpretation of the obtained results should take into consideration not only the characteristics of the studied objects, but also the characteristics of the methods used and of the examined microorganisms. As a result of the experiments that were carried out, significant differences of the numbers of the examined groups of microorganisms, depending on the degree of the muck process, have been observed. The number of the examined groups was significantly higher in the soil at the first step muck process than the second step of muck process. Amylolytic bacteria were an exception. Probably, during the muck process, ammonification, nitrification and nitrogen reduction process take place at the same time, which is indicated by the number of individual groups of examined microorganisms. CONCLUSIONS During the muck process, the number of microorganisms in the soil decreases. It can be presupposed that during the muck process, the basic process realized by microorganisms is the degradation of organic substance, using nitrates as oxidizers. Dąbek-Szreniawska M.: 1992 Results of microbiological analysis related to soil physical properties. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln., 398, 1-6. Fred E.B., Waksman S.A.: 1928 Laboratory manual of general microbiology. Mc Graw-Hill Book Company, New York - London pp. 145. Gawlik J.: 2000 Division of differently silted peat formations into classes according to their state of

Salix polaris growth responses to active layer detachment and solifluction processes in High Arctic.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siekacz, Liliana

2015-04-01

participation of missing and partially missing rings. Share of missing rings in shrubs growing within an active layer detachment on the valley slope reached 16,22% and 15,36%. Even higher variation is observed in partially missing rings which account for 31,07% within detachment and 23,39% on surrounding slope. Those values are more than twice higher comparing to the valley floor. There is also noticeable difference between detachment and surrounding slope indicating that wedging rings are an effect of mechanical stress that is higher within the detachment. Comparing growth patterns in aboveground and belowground plant parts different growth allocation is noticed. Years of detachment event growth rings were present only in aboveground parts. It is supposed that mechanical stress delays the onset of the growing season similarly to low temperatures (Buchwał et al., 2013), resulting in not enough time to fully allocate resources for growth in the belowground parts. Growth pattern is extremely irregular, indicating that the slope is in constant movement, which disrupts growth conditions. Analyzed shrubs showed two possible event years: 2006 and 2008, with the highest participation of missing and partially missing rings. Air and ground temperature data were also analyzed and confirmed that active layer detachment happened in 2006. REFERENCES Buchwał A, Rachlewicz G, Fonti P, Cherubini P, Gärtner H, (2013) Temperature modulates intra-plant growth of Salix Polaris from a high Arctic site (Svalbard). Polar Biol 36:1305-1318. Hagen J O, Liestøl O, Roland E, Jørgensen T, (1993) Glacier atlas of Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Norsk Polarinstitutt Meddelelser 129: 160. Rachlewicz G, (2009) Contemporary sediment fluxes and relief changes in high Arctic glacierized valley systems (Billefjorden, Central Spitsbergen). Wyd. Nauk. UAM Poznań, seria Geografia 87:204. Schweingruber FH, Poschlod P, (2005) Growth rings in herbs and shrubs: life span, age determination and stem anatomy. For Snow

Soft computing analysis of the possible correlation between temporal and energy release patterns in seismic activity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Konstantaras, Anthony; Katsifarakis, Emmanouil; Artzouxaltzis, Xristos; Makris, John; Vallianatos, Filippos; Varley, Martin

2010-05-01

Ben-Zion Y.: ‘Techniques and parameters to analyze seismicity patterns associated with large earthquakes', Geophysics Res., vol. 102, pp. 17785-17795, 1997a [3] Habermann R. E.: ‘Precursory seismic quiescence: past, present and future', Pure Applied Geophysics, vol. 126, pp. 279-318, 1988 [4] Matthews M. V. and Reasenberg P. A.: ‘Statistical methods for investigating quiescence and other temporal seismicity patterns', Pure Applied Geophysics, vol. 126, pp. 357-372, 1988 [5] Zubkov S. I.: ‘The appearance times of earthquake precursors', Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Zemli (Solid Earth), No. 5, pp. 87-91, 1987 [6] Dobrovolsky I. P., Zubkov S. I. and Miachkin V. I.: ‘Estimation of the size of earthquake preparation zones', Pageoph, vol. 117, pp. 1025-1044, 1979 [7] Dobrovolsky I. P., Gershenzon N. I. And Gokhberg M. B.: ‘Theory of electrokinetic effects occurring at the final stage in the preparation of a tectonic earthquake', Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, vol. 57, pp. 144-156, 1989 [8] Richter C. F.: ‘Elementary Seismology', W.H.Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1958 [9] Choy G. L. and Boatwright J. L.: ‘Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress', Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 84 (B5), pp. 2348-2350, 1995 [10] Haykin S.: ‘Neural Networks', 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 1999 [11] Jang J., Sun T. and Mizutany E.: ‘Neuro-fuzzy and soft computing', Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1997 [12] Konstantaras A., Varley M.R., Vallianatos F., Collins G. and Holifield P.: ‘Detection of weak seismo-electric signals upon the recordings of the electrotelluric field by means of neuron-fuzzy technology', IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 4 (1), 2007 [13] Konstantaras A., Varley M.R., Vallianatos F., Collins G. and Holifield P.: ‘Neuro-fuzzy prediction-based adaptive filtering applied to severely distorted magnetic field recordings', IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 3 (4), 2006 [14

Crisis in geosciences in epoch of altimetry measurments and ways of its overcoming

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barkin, Yu. V.

2009-04-01

of planets and satellites and its cyclisity, Isvestia sekcii nauk o Zemle Rossiiskoi akademii ectestvennykh nauk, Vyp. 9, М., VINITI, 45-97. In Russian. [2] Kuo Chung-Yen (2006) determination and characterization of 20th century global sea level rise. Report N 471. Geodetic Science and Surveging. Department of geological sciences. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210. [3] Barkin, Yu.V. (2007) About some mechanisms of the mean global sea level rise. EGU General Assembly (Vienna, Austria, 15-20 April 2007). Geophysical Research Abstracts, Volume 9, 2007, abstract # EGU07-A-07151. [4] Barkin Yu.V. (2007) Global increase of mean sea level and erroneous treatment of a role of thermal factors. "Geology of seas and oceans: Materials of XVII International scientific conference (scool) on mariner geology". V. IV. M.: GEOS. 2007. p. 18-20. [5] Barkin Yu.V. (2007) Mechanisms of increase of mean sea level and solution of "attribution problem". "Geology of seas and oceans: Materials of XVII International scientific conference (scool) on mariner geology". V. IV. M.: GEOS. 2007. p. 21-23. [6] Jevreeva S., Grinsted A., Moore J.C., Holgate S. (2006) Nonlinear trends and multiyear cycles in sea level records. Journal Geophysical Research, v. 111, C09012, doi: 10.1029/2005JC0032 29, 2006.

The mechanism of translational displacements of the core of the Earth at inversion molten and solidification of substance at core-mantle boundary in opposite hemispheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barkin, Yu. V.

2009-04-01

formation of supercontinents also has a polar orientation, is cyclic. Our modeling researches have shown, that relative oscillations of the core and mantle arise even at absence of strongly pronounced thermodynamic transformations of a material on CMB due to viscous elastic properties of all layers of the mantle (Barkin, Vilke, 2004). The formulated positions require detailed study from positions of the mechanics and thermodynamics. It is possible to assume, that action of this mechanism precisely should be shown and in a short time scale, for example, at annual and monthly oscillations of the core. It means that cyclic variations of thermal flows from the Earth with the specified periods, and with contrast thermal flows in relation to northern and southern hemispheres should be observed. The core trend also should be displayed in contrast secular changes of thermal flows and in variations of temperatures at a surface of the Earth and in various layers of ocean and an atmosphere. Confirmations to these preliminary conclusions in particular is yielded with results of modern researches of temperature changes in an atmosphere and a stratosphere (Fred Singer, 2001 [2]; Douglass, Pearson, Fred Singer, Knappenberger, Michaals, 2008). References Singer S.F. (2001) Disparity of temperature trends (1979-99) of atmosphere and surface. 12th Symposium on Global Climate Variations. 14-19 Jan. 2001, Albuquerque. Barkin Yu.V. (2002) An explanation of endogenous activity of planets and satellites and its cyclisity. Isvestia sekcii nauk o Zemle Rossiiskoi akademii ectestvennykh nauk. Vyp. 9, M., VINITI, pp. 45-97. In Russian.

Do Carbynes Exist as Interstellar Material After All?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gilkes, K. W. R.; Gaskell, P. H.; Russell, S. S.; Arden, J. W.; Pillinger, C. T.

1992-07-01

216, 984-986. Kasatochkin V. I., Sladkov A. M., Kudryaytsev, Popov N. M., and Korshak V. V., Dokl. Acad. Nauk. SSSR, 177, 358-360. Lewis R. S., Ming T., Walker J. F., Anders E., and Steel E. (1987) Nature 326, 160-164. Russell S. S., Arden J. W., and Pillinger C. T. (1991) Science 254, 1188-1191. Smith P. P. K. and Buseck P. R. (1982) Science 216, 984-986. Webster A. S. (1980) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 192, 7P-9P. Whittaker A. G., Watts E. J., Lewis R. S., and Anders E. (1980) Science 209, 1512-1514.

Prediction and explanation of increases of mean sea levels in northern hemisphere, in southern hemisphere and all ocean of the Earth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barkin, Yu. V.

2009-04-01

-05-92507. References [1] Barkin Yu.V. (2002) An explanation of endogenous activity of planets and satellites and its cyclisity, Isvestia sekcii nauk o Zemle Rossiiskoi akademii ectestvennykh nauk, Vyp. 9, M., VINITI, 45-97. In Russian. [2] Barkin Yu.V. (2005) Oscillations of the Earth core, new oceanic tides and dynamical consequences. Materials of XI International Scientific Conference "Structure, geodynamics and mineral genetic processes in lithosphere" (September, 20-22 2005, Syktyvkar, Russia), Publisher of Geology Institute of Komi SC of Ural Section of RAS, Syktyvkar, pp. 26-28. In Russian. [3] Barkin Yu.V. (2007) Forced redistribution of air masses between southern and northern hemispheres of the Earth. Proceedings of IUGG XXIV General Assembly, Perugia, Italy 2007: Earth: Our Changing Planet (Perugia, Italy, July 2-13, 2007), (A)-IAGA, JAS008, p. 326. www. iugg2007perugia.it. [4] Burlutsky R.F. Determination of the global concentration of pair on the ground pressure. Materials of Sagitov's readings. M., SAI, MSU, 2007, www.sai.msu.ru.

An prediction and explanation of 'climatic swing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barkin, Yury

2010-05-01

core-mantle system and their changes in the time have an important role and value for style and intensity of warming and cooling. References [1] Barkin Yu.V. (2002) An explanation of endogenous activity of planets and satellites and its cyclisity. Isvestia sekcii nauk o Zemle Rossiiskoi akademii ectestvennykh nauk. Vyp. 9, М., VINITI, pp. 45-97. In Russian. [2] Barkin Yu.V. (2004) Dynamics of the Earth shells and variations of paleoclimate. Proceedings of Milutin Milankovitch Anniversary Symposium "Paleoclimate and the Earth climate system" (Belgrade, Serbia, 30 August - 2 September, 2004). Belgrade, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Art, pp. 161-164. [3] Barkin Yu.V. (2007) Inversion of periodic and trend variations of climate in opposite hemispheres of the Earth and their mechanism. Proceedings of IUGG XXIV General Assembly, Perugia, Italy 2007: Earth: Our Changing Planet (Perugia, Italy, July 2-13, 2007) (P) - IAPSO, JPS001 "Interannual and Interdecadal Climate Variability", p. 1674. www. iugg2007perugia.it. [4] Barkin Yu.V. (2008) Secular polar drift of the core in present epoch: geodynamical and geophysical consequences and confirmations. General and regional problems of tectonics and geodynamics. Materials of XLI Tectonic Conference. V. 1. -M.:GEOS. p. 55-59. In Russian. [5] Barkin Yu.V. (2009) An explanation of secular variations of a gravity at stations Ny-Alesund, Medicine, Churchill and Syowa. Materials of the International Conference: «Yu.P. Bulashevich's fifth scientific readings. A deep structure. Geodynamics. A thermal field of the Earth. Interpretation of geophysical fields» (Ekaterinburg, 6 - 10 July, 2009). pp. 27-31. In Russian. [6] Barkin Yu.V. (2005) Oscillations of the Earth core, new oceanic tides and dynamical consequences. Materials of XI International Scientific Conference "Structure, geodynamics and mineral genetic processes in lithosphere" (September, 20-22 2005, Syktyvkar, Russia), Publisher of Geology Institute of Komi SC of Ural Section

Warming: mechanism and latitude dependence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barkin, Yury

2010-05-01

asymmetry in decade variations of temperatures in northern and southern hemispheres (smaller variations in a southern hemisphere). References [1] Barkin Yu.V. (2002) An explanation of endogenous activity of planets and satellites and its cyclisity. Isvestia sekcii nauk o Zemle Rossiiskoi akademii ectestvennykh nauk. Vyp. 9, M., VINITI, pp. 45-97. In Russian. [2] Barkin Yu.V. (2009) Moons and planets: mechanism of their life. Proceedings of International Conference 'Astronomy and World Heritage: across Time and Continents' (Kazan, 19-24 August 2009). KSU, pp. 142-161. [3] Barkin Yu.V. (2004) Dynamics of the Earth shells and variations of paleoclimate. Proceedings of Milutin Milankovitch Anniversary Symposium 'Paleoclimate and the Earth climate system' (Belgrade, Serbia, 30 August - 2 September, 2004). Belgrade, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Art, pp. 161-164. [4] Barkin Yu.V. (2007) Inversion of periodic and trend variations of climate in opposite hemispheres of the Earth and their mechanism. Proceedings of IUGG XXIV General Assembly, Perugia, Italy 2007: Earth: Our Changing Planet (Perugia, Italy, July 2-13, 2007) (P) - IAPSO, JPS001 'Interannual and Interdecadal Climate Variability', p. 1674. www. iugg2007perugia.it. [5] Barkin Yu.V. (2008) Secular polar drift of the core in present epoch: geodynamical and geophysical consequences and confirmations. General and regional problems of tectonics and geodynamics. Materials of XLI Tectonic Conference. V. 1. -M.:GEOS. p. 55-59. In Russian. [6] Yang Wang, Jiyang Wangand Zongji Ma (1998) On the asymmetric distribution of heat loss from the Earth's interior. Chinese Science Bulletin, Volume 43, Number 18 , p. 1566-1570.

Forced relative displacements of the core and mantle as the basic mechanism of secular changes of the Earth shape and lithosphere plates tectonics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barkin, Yury

2010-05-01

plates are considered). 5 Phenomenon of global displacement of system of GPS stations to the north. This phenomenon is easily established on known data about velocities of displacements of GPS stations of satellite observations in system of coordinates ITRF 2005 (www.iers.org). The basic stations are displaced together with plates to the north. One from reason of this phenomenon can be the secular drift of the center of mass of the Earth to the North. This phenomenon has exclusively-great value for understanding of the mechanism of tectonics of plates and fundamental mechanisms spreading and subduction. The specified tendency of displacements of layers of a crust and lithosphere (their blocks) to the north is direct consequence of gravitational influence on them of the core of the Earth drifting to the north. To tendency of displacement of masses of oceanic plates continents interfere and the spaces borrowed already by them in northern hemisphere. As a result for a discharge of intensity they are forced to organize subduction zones and 'to dive' under a continental lithosphere. On the other hand the material for construction of moving oceanic lithosphere plates acts along rifting zones, mainly located in a southern hemisphere. Therefore the geodynamical fact, that subduction zones and rifting zones are situated mainly in opposite hemispheres of the Earth is confirmed [1]. We reveal correlations of radial deformations of a surface on concrete gravimetric stations with the form of geoid (in dependence from latitude). References [1] Barkin Yu.V. (2002) An explanation of endogenous activity of planets and satellites and its cyclisity. Isvestia sekcii nauk o Zemle Rossiiskoi akademii ectestvennykh nauk. Vyp. 9, M., VINITI, pp. 45-97. In Russian. [2] Barkin Yu.V. (2009) About possible polar drifts of centers of mass of the Earth and Mars. Abstract Book (CD) of European Planetary Science Congress (Potsdam, Germany, 13 - 18 September 2009), Vol.4, EPSC 2009-118. [3] Barkin Yu

Mechanism of secular increasing of mean gravity in Northern hemisphere and secular decreasing of mean gravity in Southern hemisphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barkin, Yu. V.; Ferrandiz, J. M.

2009-04-01

velocity -2.54 mGal/yr, that have actually confirmed SG observations during 1995-1998: -2.4 mGal/yr (Sato et al., 2001). Amplitudes of an annual and semi-annual variations approximately make 4.8 mGal/yr and 0.8 mGal/yr (theoretical values: 4.2 mGal/yr and 0.95 mGal/yr). References Barkin Yu.V. (2002) Explanation of endogenous activity of planets and satellites and its cyclicity. Izvestia cekzii nauk o Zemle. Rus. Acad. of Nat. Sciences, Issue 9, December 2002, M.: VINITI, pp. 45-97. In Russian. Barkin Yu.V., Ferrandiz J.M. (2008) Phenomenon of secular increasing of mean gravity in Northern hemisphere and secular decreasing of gravity in Southern hemisphere; predictions and new confirmations. EGU General Assembly (Vienna, Austria, 13-18 April 2008). Geophysical Research Abstracts, EGU General Assembly 2008. Vol. 10, EGU2008-A-10506.

Lyapunov analysis: from dynamical systems theory to applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cencini, Massimo; Ginelli, Francesco

2013-06-01

structures playing a prominent role in the studies, both theoretical and applied, of transport, stirring and mixing properties in fluid flows. This section contains two contributions, one more theoretical in nature and a second with biological applications, where Lagrangian coherent structures and their effect on transport and mixing are analyzed through finite-size Lyapunov exponents. While this special issue, in its very nature, cannot be fully exhaustive, we hope that it will provide a clear and up-to-date picture of the theory and applications of Lyapunov analysis, further stimulating fruitful debate across a number of related research fields. Acknowledgments We would like to acknowledge the Journal of Physics A editorial staff, in particular A Haywood, R Gillan and E O'Callaghan for their continuous assistance which made this special issue possible. References [1] Lorenz E 1993 The Essence of Chaos (Seattle, WA: University of Washington) [2] Poincaré H 1890 Acta Math. 13 1 [3] Poincaré H 1892 Les méthods nouvelles de la mécanique céleste vol 1 (Paris: Gauthier-Villars) Poincaré H 1893 Les méthods nouvelles de la mécanique céleste vol 2 (Paris: Gauthier-Villars) Poincaré H 1899 Les méthods nouvelles de la mécanique céleste vol 3 (Paris: Gauthier-Villars) Poincaré H 1992 New Methods of Celestial Mechanics (New York: American Institute of Physics) (Engl. transl.) [4] Hadamard J 1898 J. Math. Pures Appl. 4 27 [5] van der Pol B 1927 Phil. Mag. 3 65 [6] Fermi E, Pasta J and Ulam S 1955 Studies of nonlinear problems Technical Report LA-1940 (Los Alamos, NM: Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory) [7] Lorenz E N 1963 J. Atmos. Sci. 20 130 [8] Hénon M and Heiles C 1964 Astron. J. 69 73 [9] Kolmogorov A N 1958 Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 119 861 [10] Kolmogorov A 1959 Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 124 754 [11] Chirikov B 1959 At. Energ. 6 630 [12] Smale S 1967 Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 73 747 [13] Ruelle D and Takens F 1971 Commun. Math. Phys. 20 167 [14] Li T Y and Yorke J A 1975 Am. Math

EDITORIAL: Optical orientation Optical orientation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

SAME ADDRESS *, Yuri; Landwehr, Gottfried

2008-11-01

Semiconductor Science and Technology we try, with examples, to give an impression of that current state of research. The articles will not be discussed individually but their titles reveal that most deal with low-dimensional systems. The study of spin relaxation plays a major role. Interface effects at the ferromagnet/semiconductor boundary are subtle and important for spin injection from a ferromagnet. Each of the contributions is a combination of review and recent results and stands by itself. The affiliations of the authors reveal that the majority come from St Petersburg, clearly indicating that the heritage of Boris Zakharchenya is alive and thriving. We would like to thank all authors for their cooperation, especially for delivering their manuscripts in a reasonable time. Claire Bedrock and Adam Day of the IOP Publishing deserve thanks for their support in the publication process. We are much indebted to Ruslana Zakharchenya for making the manuscript on the discovery of the exciton available and especially to Nina Nikolaevna Vasil'eva for her translation. References [1] Zakharchenya B P 2008 The Happiness of Creativity (St Petersburg, in Russian) [2] Rashba E I and Landwehr G (ed) 1991 Landau Level Spectroscopy (Modern Problems in Condensed Matter Sciences vol 27) (Amsterdam: Elsevier) [3] Seisyan R B and Zakharchenya B P 1991 Landau Level Spectroscopy ed E I Rashba and G Landwehr (Modern Problems in Condensed Matter Sciences vol 27) (Amsterdam: Elsevier) p 345 [4] Meier F and Zakharchenya B P (ed) 1984 Optical Orientation (Modern Problems in Condensed Matter Sciences vol 8) (Amsterdam: Elsevier) An obituary of Boris Petrovich Zakharchenyia, contributed to Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk by his Russian colleagues, is available at http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/1063-7869/49/8/M09

Pleistocene lake level changes in Western Mongolia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Borodavko, P. S.

2009-04-01

.Petersburg, Nauka, 304 p. 4. Tarasov, P.E., Harrison, S.P., Saarse, L., Pushenko, M.Ya., Andreev, A.A., Aleshinskaya, Z.V., Davydova, N.N., Dorofeyuk, N.I., Efremov, Yu.V., Khomutova, V.I., Sevastyanov, D.V., Tamosaitis, J., Dorofeyuk, N.I., Efremov, Yu.V., Khomutova, V.I., Sevastyanov, D.V., Tamosaitis, J.,Uspenskaya, O.N., Yakushko, O.F. and Tarasova, I.V., 1994. Lake status records from the Former Soviet Union and Mongolia: Data Base Documentation, World Data Center -A for Paleoclimatology NOAA Paleoclimatology Program, Paleoclimatology Publications Series Report No 2, Boulder, Colorado USA, 274 p. 5. Tserensodnom, Zh., 1971. Mongol orny Nuur. Ulaanbaatar, TUAH, 202 p. 6. Vipper, P., Dorofeyuk, N., Liiva, A., Meteltseva, E., and Sokolovskaya, V., 1981. Palaeogeography of the Central Mongolia during the upper Pleistocene and Holocene. Izv. Akad. Nauk ESSR, Ser. Biol., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 74-82.

Decreasing of axial angular momentum of oceanic both fluid continental masses and its contribution to non-tidal acceleration of rotation of the Earth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barkin, Yu. V.

2009-04-01

duration of day here makes approximately-0.52 ms/cy. Thus strengthening of redistribution of terrestrial waters and fluids in the western direction really proves to be true. These estimations are obtained at exception of the period 1997.0-1999.0 when there was rather fast spasmodic change (increase) of duration of day approximately on 0.038 ms. References [1] Barkin Yu.V. (2007) Celestial geodynamics and solution of the fundamental problems of geodesy, gravimetry and geophysics. Proceedings of IUGG XXIV General Assembly, Perugia, Italy 2007: Earth: Our Changing Planet (Perugia, Italy, July 2-13, 2007), (S) - IASPEI, JSS011, p. 2149. www. iugg2007perugia.it. [2] Cheng M.R., Shum C.K. and Tapley B.D. (1997) Determination of long-periodic changes in the Earth's gravity field from satellite laser ranging observations. Journal of Geophysical research, V. 102, No. B10. pp. 22377-22390. [3] Stephenson F.R. and Morrison L.V. (1995) Long term fluctuations in the Earth's rotation:700 BC to AD 1990, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., A, 351, p. 165-202. [4] Abarca del Rio R. (1999) The influence of global warming in Earth rotation speed. Ann. Geophys., 17, 806-811. [5] Brosche P., Wunsch J., Maier-Reimer E., Segschneider J., Sundermann J. (1997) The axial angular momentum of the general circulation of the oceans. Astron. Nachr. 318, V.3, 193-199. [6] Chen J. (2005) Global mass balance an the length-of-day variation. Journal of Geophysical research, V. 110, B08404, doi: 10.1029/2004JB003474. [7] Barkin Yu.V. (2002) Explanation of endogenous activity of planets and satellites and its cyclicity. Izvestia cekzii nauk o Zemle. Rus. Acad. of Nat. Sciences, Issue 9, December 2002, M.: VINITI, pp. 45-97. In Russian.

Prediction of secular acceleration of axial rotation of Mars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barkin, Yu. V.

2009-04-01

of daily rotation of the Earth essentially surpasses non-tidal acceleration (35 %) which as shown the author is caused by the directed redistribution of fluid masses of the Earth, in turn caused by polar drift of the centre of mass of the liquid core of the Earth to the north [1]. In case of Mars the opposite picture is expected. It is quite possible, as show the executed estimations, that tidal deceleration of axial rotation of Mars much less than its positive acceleration caused by global dynamics of shells (the core and mantle). And it means, that as against the Earth in axial rotation of Mars in the present epoch an acceleration, instead of deceleration of rotation should be observed. References [1] Barkin Yu.V. (2001) Explanation and prediction of the secular variations of the Earth rotation, geopotential, force of gravity and geocenter drift. Proceedings of International Conference «AstroKazan-2001». Astronomy and geodesy in new millennium (24-29 September 2001), Kazan State University: Publisher «DAS», pp. 73-79. [2] Barkin Yu.V. (2007) To an explanation of non-tidal acceleration of the Earth diurnal rotation and secular trend of its pole. Proceedings of IUGG XXIV General Assembly, Perugia, Italy 2007: Earth: Our Changing Planet (Perugia, Italy, July 2-13, 2007), (G) - IAG, GS003, p. 3799. www. iugg2007perugia.it. [3] Barkin Yu.V. (2007) Celestial geodynamics and solution of the fundamental problems of geodesy, gravimetry and geophysics. Proceedings of IUGG XXIV General Assembly, Perugia, Italy 2007: Earth: Our Changing Planet (Perugia, Italy, July 2-13, 2007), (S) - IASPEI, JSS011, p. 2149. www. iugg2007perugia.it. [4] Barkin Yu.V. (2002) Explanation of endogenous activity of planets and satellites and its cyclicity. Izvestia cekzii nauk o Zemle. Rus. Acad. of Nat. Sciences, Issue 9, December 2002, M.: VINITI, pp. 45-97. In Russian.