Demand for long acting and permanent contraceptive methods and associated factors among married women of reproductive age group in Debre Markos Town, North West Ethiopia.

PubMed

Bulto, Gizachew Abdissa; Zewdie, Tatek Abate; Beyen, Teresa Kisi

2014-03-13

Ethiopia is the second most populous country in sub Saharan Africa with high total fertility rate, and high maternal and child mortality rates. In sub Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia, even though studies show that demand for contraception is high, the practice is low. Particularly, in Ethiopia, despite the fact that practices on long acting and permanent methods are believed to be low, there are limited evidences on the real magnitude of demand for the methods. To assess demand for long acting and permanent contraceptive methods and associated factors among married women of reproductive age group in Debre Markos town, Amhara Regional State, North West Ethiopia, A community based cross sectional study was conducted, from April 08-19, 2012. Systematic sampling technique was used to select 523 study participants. Pre tested structured Amharic version questionnaire was used to collect the data through interview. Both bivariate and multiple logistic regressions were used to identify associated factors. Among 519 respondents, 323 (62.2%) were using modern family planning (FP) methods in which 101 (19.5%) were using long acting and permanent contraceptive methods (LAPMs). Among all respondents, 171 (32.9%) had unmet need for LAPMs. The total demand for LAPMs was 272 (52.4%) of which 37.1% were satisfied and 62.9% unsatisfied demand. Being in the older age group (40-44 years) [AOR = 2.8; 95% CI:1.12, 9.55], having no desire for more child [AOR = 20.37; 95% CI:9.28, 44.72], desire to have a child after 2 years [AOR = 6.4; 95%CI:3.04,13.47], not ever heard of modern FP [AOR = 5.73; 95% CI:1.26, 25.91], not ever using of modern FP [AOR = 1.89; 95% CI:1.01, 3.55] and having no spousal discussion in the last six month [AOR = 1.642, 95% CI: 1.049, 2.57) were some of the factors significantly associated with demand for LAPMs. Demand and unmet need for LAPMs were high in the study area. Therefore raising awareness of the community

Close Combat Missile Methodology Study

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-10-14

Modeling: Industrial Applications of DEX.” Informatica 23 (1999): 487-491. Bohanec, Marko, Blaz Zupan, and Vladislav Rajkovic. “Applications of...Lisec. “Multi-attribute Decision Analysis in GIS: Weighted Linear Combination and Ordered Weighted Averaging.” Informatica 33, (1999): 459- 474

User's Guide and Metadata to Coastal Biodiversity Risk Analysis Tool (CBRAT): Framework for the Systemization of Life History and Biogeographic Information

EPA Science Inventory

ABSTRACTUser’s Guide & Metadata to Coastal Biodiversity Risk Analysis Tool (CBRAT): Framework for the Systemization of Life History and Biogeographic Information(EPA/601/B-15/001, 2015, 123 pages)Henry Lee II, U.S. EPA, Western Ecology DivisionKatharine Marko, U.S. EPA,...

A Study of Cumulative Trauma Disorders of the Upper Extremities and Occupation in Wright-Patterson Adir Force Base Civilian Personnel.

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-09-01

Workers: Individual, Ergonomie and Work Organizational Factors," Ergonomics, 38: 763- 776 (April 1995). Brogmus, G.E. and R. Marko. "The...Naval Health Research Center, San Diego CA, June 1988 (AD-A199920). Keyserling, W. M. and others. "A Checklist For Evaluating Ergonomie Risk Factors

Addressing the Neglected Tropical Disease Podoconiosis in Northern Ethiopia: Lessons Learned from a New Community Podoconiosis Program

PubMed Central

Tomczyk, Sara; Tamiru, Abreham; Davey, Gail

2012-01-01

Background Despite its great public health importance, few control initiatives addressing podoconiosis (non-filarial elephantiasis, a geochemical neglected tropical disease) exist. In June 2010, the first podoconiosis program in Northern Ethiopia, consisting of prevention, awareness, and care and support activities, began in Debre Markos, Northern Ethiopia. This study aims to document and disseminate the lessons learned from a new community podoconiosis program in Debre Markos. Methods/Principal Findings We used a content analysis approach to examine and evaluate data from a series of sources. These sources include conducted interview transcripts, a focus group discussion transcript and secondary sources including monitoring and evaluation field reports, observation notes, and research obtained from a literature review. Themes were identified and grouped into matrix tables. Overall, sixteen program steps were identified and grouped into 6 domains: Initial preparation, training and sensitization, foundation building, treatment activity implementation, awareness, and follow-up. Emphasis is placed on the need for baseline data, effective training, local leadership, experience-sharing, mass-awareness, cross-cutting sector issues (i.e., water and waste management), and integration with government health systems. Related successes and challenges are also described, as are stakeholder roles and misconceptions and socio-cultural challenges affecting the program start-up. Many of the identified successes and challenges are relevant to the aim of the podoconiosis program to be sustainable and community-led. Conclusions/Significance Much of this information has already been used to improve the Debre Markos program. We also anticipate that the domains and steps identified will be useful in guiding new programs in other settings where podoconiosis is highly prevalent. We hope to encourage partnerships and collaboration among podoconiosis stakeholders in future growth and

Female Teachers' Professional Development through Action Research Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hassen, Rukya

2016-01-01

This is a study on teachers' professional development through action research practice. The participants of the study were 23 English Language Teachers (ELT) who teach in high schools, preparatory schools and colleges in Debre Markos, in Dessie and around in 2014. The methods of data collection were teacher reflection, and in-depth interview. The…

The Need for Invariant Assessments in South African Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dampier, Graham A.

2014-01-01

Presently, a plethora of instruments designed to assess a mathematical skill, disposition, or competence prevail in South Africa. Yet few of them adhere to the basic requirements of the unidimensionality and invariance of measures. The Marko-D is a mathematical instrument designed to test learners between the ages of 4 and 8. The instrument, thus…

Constitutive Parameters of Metamaterial Structures Used for Invisible Cloak Realization

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-10-01

Sipus Dario Bojanjac Marko Bosiljevac Fakultet Elektrotechnike I Racunarstva Unska 3 Zagreb 10000 Croatia EOARD Grant 12-2080...Racunarstva Unska 3 Zagreb 10000 Croatia 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER N/A 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND...University of Zagreb Unska 3 Zagreb , HR-10000, Croatia 13 October 2013 Distribution A: Approved for public release; distribution is

Using an effective dimensionality to map the force-extension relation for a semi-flexible polymer in a nanoslit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Haan, Hendrick

2015-03-01

The force-extension relation for a semi-flexible polymer is well described by the Marko-Siggia equation in both two and three dimensions. However, while of interest for experimental systems such as DNA in nanopits, the behaviour between these limiting dimensionalities is less understood. I will present results from simulations of a polymer subject to a stretching force F confined in nanoslits of varying heights h. Going from the 3D case to the 2D case, both the coefficients of the equation and the relevant persistence length are shown to change. This observation leads to the definition of an effective dimensionality, deff, to characterize the system. At low F, using deff in a generalized form of the Marko-Siggia relation provides good agreement with the simulation curves. However, at high F, deff drifts back towards d = 3 . 0 . The reason behind this F dependence is discussed. Semi-empirical forms for strong and weak confinement regimes will be presented and shown to give good agreement across all slit heights and stretching forces. deff is thus dependent on h and F and provides a cohesive physical picture for all regimes.

This Car Seems to Be Alive--Perspectives on the Documentary, "Plan F"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quinlan, Margaret M.; Smith, J. Webster; Hayward, Casey

2009-01-01

Ed Marko redefines what it means to be not only an auto mechanic but also a person who is blind. At the age of 20 years, he lost his sight from a degenerative disease called infantile glaucoma. However, he has surpassed what we traditionally think of as the capabilities of blind people. Now in his late 60s, he was once a rehabilitation counsellor,…

Spring Research Festival Features Visit from FCPS Superintendent | Poster

Cancer.gov

One of the highlights of the 19th annual Spring Research Festival (SRF), held May 4–7, was a visit from Terry Alban, Ph.D., superintendent of Frederick County Public Schools (FCPS), and Mike Markoe, deputy superintendent, FCPS. They toured the event on May 7, talking to researchers and students about their posters. “Dr. Alban was very interested in hearing what the Werner H.

Generalized Distributed Consensus-based Algorithms for Uncertain Systems and Networks

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

time linear systems with markovian jumping parameters and additive disturbances. SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 44(4):1165– 1191, 2005... time marko- vian jump linear systems , in the presence of delayed mode observations. Proceed- ings of the 2008 IEEE American Control Conference, pages...Markovian Jump Linear System state estimation . . . . 147 6 Conclusions 152 A Discrete- Time Coupled Matrix Equations 156 A.1 Properties of a special

Corrigendum to "Chemical composition and acidity of size-fractionated inorganic aerosols of 2013-14 winter haze in Shanghai and associated health risk of toxic elements" [Atmos. Environ. (2015) 259-271

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Behera, Sailesh N.; Cheng, Jinping; Huang, Xian; Zhu, Qiongyu; Liu, Ping; Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar

2018-03-01

The authors regret that the sources from which the RfC (reference concentration) and the IUR (inhalation unit risk) values were obtained for estimation of RfD (reference dose, presented in Table 2) and SF (slope factor, presented in Table 3) were not clearly indicated in the published article due to an oversight. The revised tables with improved clarity are given below. a The Risk Assessment Information System (https://rais.ornl.gov/) b USEPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) (http://www.epa.gov/iris) c The California EPA, the office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) (https://www.oehha.gov.gov/) d Behera, S.N., Xian, H. and Balasubramanian, R., 2014. Human health risk associated with exposure to toxic elements in mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke. Science of the Total Environment, 472, pp.947-956.

Virtual Reality Adaptive Stimulation in Stress Resistance Training

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-01

Kukolja, Branimir Dropuljić University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb , Croatia Ivica Kostović...Miloš Judaš, Marko Radoš, Milan Radoš, Lana Vasung, Branka Bartolić Spajić University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Croatian Institute for Brain...Research, Šalata 12, 10000 Zagreb , Croatia Svjetlana Doričić, Dalibor Mesić Ministry of Defense, Republic of Croatia ABSTRACT Serious mental health

WIS Implementation Study Report. Volume 1. Main Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-10-01

Luenberger, Prof. David G. * Stanford University Ries, Dr. Daniel R. * Computer Corporation of America Schill, John Naval Ocean Systems Center Shrier , Dr...Robert E. 43 Kaczmarek, Dr. Thomas S. 45 Klein, Dr. Stanely A. 47 Kramer, Dr. John F. 49 Larsen, Dr. Robert E. 55 Luenberger, Prof. David G. 58...Riddle, Dr. William E. 76 Ries, Dr. Daniel R. 82 Sapp, Mr. John W. 88 Shelley, Mr. Stephen H. 89 Shrier , Dr. Stefan 94 Slusarczuk, Dr. Marko M.G. 96

Spatio-temporal reconstruction of brain dynamics from EEG with a Markov prior.

PubMed

Hansen, Sofie Therese; Hansen, Lars Kai

2017-03-01

Electroencephalography (EEG) can capture brain dynamics in high temporal resolution. By projecting the scalp EEG signal back to its origin in the brain also high spatial resolution can be achieved. Source localized EEG therefore has potential to be a very powerful tool for understanding the functional dynamics of the brain. Solving the inverse problem of EEG is however highly ill-posed as there are many more potential locations of the EEG generators than EEG measurement points. Several well-known properties of brain dynamics can be exploited to alleviate this problem. More short ranging connections exist in the brain than long ranging, arguing for spatially focal sources. Additionally, recent work (Delorme et al., 2012) argues that EEG can be decomposed into components having sparse source distributions. On the temporal side both short and long term stationarity of brain activation are seen. We summarize these insights in an inverse solver, the so-called "Variational Garrote" (Kappen and Gómez, 2013). Using a Markov prior we can incorporate flexible degrees of temporal stationarity. Through spatial basis functions spatially smooth distributions are obtained. Sparsity of these are inherent to the Variational Garrote solver. We name our method the MarkoVG and demonstrate its ability to adapt to the temporal smoothness and spatial sparsity in simulated EEG data. Finally a benchmark EEG dataset is used to demonstrate MarkoVG's ability to recover non-stationary brain dynamics. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Conformational statistics of stiff macromolecules as solutions to partial differential equations on the rotation and motion groups

PubMed

Chirikjian; Wang

2000-07-01

Partial differential equations (PDE's) for the probability density function (PDF) of the position and orientation of the distal end of a stiff macromolecule relative to its proximal end are derived and solved. The Kratky-Porod wormlike chain, the Yamakawa helical wormlike chain, and the original and revised Marko-Siggia models are examples of stiffness models to which the present formulation is applied. The solution technique uses harmonic analysis on the rotation and motion groups to convert PDE's governing the PDF's of interest into linear algebraic equations which have mathematically elegant solutions.

Boiling local heat transfer enhancement in minichannels using nanofluids

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

This paper reports an experimental study on nanofluid convective boiling heat transfer in parallel rectangular minichannels of 800 μm hydraulic diameter. Experiments are conducted with pure water and silver nanoparticles suspended in water base fluid. Two small volume fractions of silver nanoparticles suspended in water are tested: 0.000237% and 0.000475%. The experimental results show that the local heat transfer coefficient, local heat flux, and local wall temperature are affected by silver nanoparticle concentration in water base fluid. In addition, different correlations established for boiling flow heat transfer in minichannels or macrochannels are evaluated. It is found that the correlation of Kandlikar and Balasubramanian is the closest to the water boiling heat transfer results. The boiling local heat transfer enhancement by adding silver nanoparticles in base fluid is not uniform along the channel flow. Better performances and highest effect of nanoparticle concentration on the heat transfer are obtained at the minichannels entrance. PMID:23506445

An assessment of sources and pathways of human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the United States.

PubMed

Johnson-Restrepo, Boris; Kannan, Kurunthachalam

2009-07-01

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are ubiquitous in the indoor environment, owing to their use in consumer products ranging from electronics to mattresses, furniture, and carpets. People are exposed to PBDEs through inhalation of indoor air and ingestion, and dermal absorption of dust particles present in the air. In this study, concentrations of PBDEs were determined in indoor air and house dust collected from homes in Albany, New York, USA. Based on the measured concentrations of PBDEs in indoor air and dust, we estimated daily exposure dose (DED) of PBDEs. In addition, we used previously published PBDE concentrations reported for breast milk from Massachusetts, USA [Johnson-Restrepo, B., Addink, R., Wong, C., Arcaro, K., Kannan, K., 2007. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and organochlorine pesticides in human breast milk from Massachusetts. USA. J. Environ. Monitor. 9, 1205-1212] and foodstuffs collected from Texas and Florida, USA [Schecter, A., Päpke, O., Harris, T.R., Tung, K.C., Musumba, A., Olson, J., Birnbaum, L., 2006. Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) levels in an expanded market basket survey of U.S. food and estimated PBDE dietary intake by age and sex. Environ. Health Perspect. 114, 1515-1520, Johnson-Restrepo, B., Kannan, K., Addink, R., Adams, D.H., 2005b. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in a marine foodweb of coastal Florida. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39, 8243-8250], in an estimation of dietary exposure to PBDEs. The exposure assessment was performed for five age groups: infants (<1yr), toddlers (1-5yr), children (6-11yr), teenagers (12-19yr), and adults (20yr). The dust ingestion and air inhalation factors that we used were the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) exposure factors, while the daily food intake rates (g/day) were derived from the US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) food intake surveys. The total DED of PBDEs was calculated by summation of the exposures from diet, indoor air, and house dust

Stretching, twisting and supercoiling in short, single DNA molecules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lam, Pui-Man; Zhen, Yi

2018-02-01

We had combined the Neukirch-Marko model that describes the extension, torque and supercoiling in single, stretched and twisted DNA of infinite contour length, with a form of the free energy suggested by Sinha and Samuels to describe short DNA, with contour length only a few times the persistence length. We find that the free energy of the stretched but untwisted DNA, is significantly modified from its infinitely length value and this in turn modifies significantly the torque and supercoiling. We show that this is consistent with short DNA being more flexible than infinitely long DNA. We hope our results will stimulate experimental investigation of torque and supercoiling in short DNA.

Matching nuts and bolts in O(n log n) time

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Komlos, J.; Ma, Yuan; Szemeredi, E.

Given a set of n nuts of distinct widths and a set of n bolts such that each nut corresponds to a unique bolt of the same width, how should we match every nut with its corresponding bolt by comparing nuts with bolts (no comparison is allowed between two nuts or between two bolts)? The problem can be naturally viewed as a variant of the classic sorting problem as follows. Given two lists of n numbers each such that one list is a permutation of the other, how should we sort the lists by comparisons only between numbers in differentmore » lists? We give an O(n log n)-time deterministic algorithm for the problem. This is optimal up to a constant factor and answers an open question posed by Alon, Blum, Fiat, Kannan, Naor, and Ostrovsky. Moreover, when copies of nuts and bolts are allowed, our algorithm runs in optimal O(log n) time on n processors in Valiant`s parallel comparison tree model. Our algorithm is based on the AKS sorting algorithm with substantial modifications.« less

KSC-2012-6405

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-09-20

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- At NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, a groundbreaking was held to mark the start of construction on the Antenna Test Bed Array for the Ka-Band Objects Observation and Monitoring, or Ka-BOOM system. Using ceremonial shovels to mark the site, from left are Michael Le, lead design engineer and construction manager Sue Vingris, Cape Design Engineer Co. project manager Kannan Rengarajan, chief executive officer of Cape Design Engineer Co. Lutfi Mized, president of Cape Design Engineer Co. David Roelandt, construction site superintendent with Cape Design Engineer Co. Marc Seibert, NASA project manager Michael Miller, NASA project manager Peter Aragona, KSC’s Electromagnetic Lab manager Stacy Hopper, KSCs master planning supervisor Dr. Bary Geldzabler, NASA chief scientist and KSC’s Chief Technologist Karen Thompson. The construction site is near the former Vertical Processing Facility, which has been demolished. Workers will begin construction on the pile foundations for the 40-foot-diameter dish antenna arrays and their associated utilities, and prepare the site for the operations command center facility. Photo credit: NASA/Charisse Nahser

KSC-2012-6404

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-09-20

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- At NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, a groundbreaking was held to mark the start of construction on the Antenna Test Bed Array for the Ka-Band Objects Observation and Monitoring, or Ka-BOOM system. Holding ceremonial shovels, from left are Michael Le, lead design engineer and construction manager Sue Vingris, Cape Design Engineer Co. project manager Kannan Rengarajan, chief executive officer of Cape Design Engineer Co. Lutfi Mized, president of Cape Design Engineer Co. David Roelandt, construction site superintendent with Cape Design Engineer Co. Marc Seibert, NASA project manager Michael Miller, NASA project manager Peter Aragona, KSC’s Electromagnetic Lab manager Stacy Hopper, KSCs master planning supervisor Dr. Bary Geldzabler, NASA chief scientist and KSC’s Chief Technologist Karen Thompson. The construction site is near the former Vertical Processing Facility, which has been demolished. Workers will begin construction on the pile foundations for the 40-foot-diameter dish antenna arrays and their associated utilities, and prepare the site for the operations command center facility. Photo credit: NASA/Charisse Nahser

Structures, phase transitions, and magnetic properties of C o3Si from first-principles calculations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Xin; Yu, Shu; Wu, Shunqing; Nguyen, Manh Cuong; Wang, Cai-Zhuang; Ho, Kai-Ming

2017-07-01

C o3Si was recently reported to exhibit remarkable magnetic properties in the nanoparticle form [B. Balasubramanian et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 108, 152406 (2016)], 10.1063/1.4945987, yet better understanding of this material should be promoted. Here we report a study on the crystal structures of C o3Si using an adaptive genetic algorithm and discuss its electronic and magnetic properties from first-principles calculations. Several competing phases of C o3Si have been revealed from our calculations. We show that the hexagonal C o3Si structure reported in experiments has lower energy in the nonmagnetic state than in the ferromagnetic state at zero temperature. The ferromagnetic state of the hexagonal structure is dynamically unstable with imaginary phonon modes and transforms into a new orthorhombic structure, which is confirmed by our structure searches to have the lowest energy for both C o3Si and C o3Ge . Magnetic properties of the experimental hexagonal structure and the lowest-energy structures obtained from our structure searches are investigated in detail.

[Beijing college students' self-consciousness: its level, structure and relationship with mental health].

PubMed

Fan, Zhiwei; He, Shuchang

2013-11-01

To investigate Beijing college students' self-consciousness and its relationship with mental health. Convenient samples of 928 college students from five universities in Beijing were inquired and assessed with the self-consciousness scale and the Kessler 10 psychological distress scale. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. College students' scores of self-consciousness did not differ in sex, age, grade and major type. 83.5% of the participants had relatively low scores (10-24) of psychological distress, but those of the students of liberal arts were higher (P < 0.05). The measurement data of self-consciousness supported Mittal and Balasubramanian' s five-factor structure. Self-reflectiveness was positively correlated with depression (P < 0.05). Internal state awareness was negatively associated with both anxiety and depression (P < 0.05). Style consciousness was positively correlated with both of them (P < 0.001). Beijing college students' self-consciousness is relatively high and has a relatively complex structure. While self-reflectiveness and style consciousness have negative effects, internal state awareness is good for mental health.

Bosnian Franciscans and the Monasteries in Kresevo and Fojnica as Source of Scientific Bibliography

PubMed Central

Skrbo, Armin; Masic, Izet; Skrbo, Selma; Ramakic, Elma; Zunic, Lejla

2017-01-01

All of these centuries-old records contain enormous treasures, and the modern medicine is increasingly searching for the sources of natural remedies. The Franciscans should be credited for carefully collecting the methods folk treatment and passed them on to future generations. In the words of Br. Marko Karamatić: „The fact that the Friars were engaged in healthcare, that they became the first graduate doctors in Bosnia and Herzegovina, that they wrote” herbal manuals „ and other medical records, is the result of historical opportunities in these areas, and this activity became one of the most important tasks for the Franciscans. They performed their duties regardless of the circumstances. PMID:28883781

Nuclear physics (of the cell, not the atom).

PubMed

Pederson, Thoru; Marko, John F

2014-11-05

The nucleus is physically distinct from the cytoplasm in ways that suggest new ideas and approaches for interrogating the operation of this organelle. Chemical bond formation and breakage underlie the lives of cells, but as this special issue of Molecular Biology of the Cell attests, the nonchemical aspects of cell nuclei present a new frontier to biologists and biophysicists. © 2014 Pederson and Marko. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).

Existence and construction of Galilean invariant z ≠2 theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grinstein, Benjamín; Pal, Sridip

2018-06-01

We prove a no-go theorem for the construction of a Galilean boost invariant and z ≠2 anisotropic scale invariant field theory with a finite dimensional basis of fields. Two point correlators in such theories, we show, grow unboundedly with spatial separation. Correlators of theories with an infinite dimensional basis of fields, for example, labeled by a continuous parameter, do not necessarily exhibit this bad behavior. Hence, such theories behave effectively as if in one extra dimension. Embedding the symmetry algebra into the conformal algebra of one higher dimension also reveals the existence of an internal continuous parameter. Consideration of isometries shows that the nonrelativistic holographic picture assumes a canonical form, where the bulk gravitational theory lives in a space-time with one extra dimension. This can be contrasted with the original proposal by Balasubramanian and McGreevy, and by Son, where the metric of a (d +2 )-dimensional space-time is proposed to be dual of a d -dimensional field theory. We provide explicit examples of theories living at fixed point with anisotropic scaling exponent z =2/ℓ ℓ+1 , ℓ∈Z .

Electrochemical Characterization of Vanadium Pentoxide (V 2O5) And Activated Carbon (AC) Electrodes in Multivalent Aluminum Nitrate (Al(NO3)3) Electrolyte for Battery-Type Hybrid Supercapacitor Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Solanki, Ketan Subhash

Hybrid supercapacitors (HSC) have been extensively investigated for enhanced charge storage capacity (Yoo, et al. 2014). Although Li-ion batteries are known for high energy density, but their limited power density has driven the research toward developing hybrid supercapacitors (Jayalakshmi and Balasubramanian 2008). They combine non-faradic properties of electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) and faradic properties of pseudocapacitors to provide high energy density without compromising high Power density (Yoo, et al. 2014) (Lukatskaya, Dunn and Gogotsi 2016). In HSC, one electrode will store energy by double layer mechanism whereas the other stores through redox intercalation or surface redox reactions (Lukatskaya, Dunn and Gogotsi 2016) (Karthikeyan, et al. 2010). In this study, we have examined the electrochemical characteristics of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and activated carbon (AC) in an aqueous multivalent aluminum nitrate (nonhydrate, Al(NO3)3) electrolyte for viable electrode applications in battery-type hybrid supercapacitors, also known as supercapattery. A Specific capacitance of 340 Fg -1 was obtained at a scanning rate of 10 mV/s. Although this configuration showed promising storage and cyclability capability but the voltage for intercalation of Al3+ ions occurred below zero voltage. Hence, right selection of electrodes for such configurations may help in obtaining intercalation and de-intercalation voltages above zero volt and thereby result in a viable practical application with better performance.

Emission of Polychlorinated Naphthalenes during Thermal Related Processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Guorui; Zheng, Minghui; Du, Bing; Liu, Wenbin; Zhang, Bing; Xiao, Ke

2010-05-01

Due to the structural similarity of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) to those of dioxins, PCNs exhibit toxicological properties similar to dioxins (Olivero-Verbel et al., 2004). Based on their high toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation, and long-distance transmission, PCNs were also selected as a candidate POP for the UN-ECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) POP protocol (Lerche et al., 2002). In addition, some studies suggested that PCNs contributed a greater proportion of the dioxin-like activity than polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) contributed in some locations (Kannan et al., 1998). However, the identification and quantitation for PCN sources are very scarce compared with PCDD/Fs. Understanding the emission levels and developing the emission inventory of PCNs is important for regulatory and source reduction purposes. In this study, several potential sources were preliminarily investigated for PCN release. Coking process (CP), iron ore sintering (IOS), and electric arc furnace steel making units (AF) were selected due to their huge activity level of industrial production in China. Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) and medical waste incineration (MWI) were also investigated because of the possible high concentration of PCNs in stack gas. Two plants were investigated for each thermal related process, except for MWI with one incinerator was investigated. The stack gas samples were collected by automatic isokinetic sampling system (Isostack Basic, TCR TECORA, Milan Italy). Isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) technique was used for the identification and quantitation of PCN congeners. The concentrations of PCNs from the selected thermal processes were determined in this study. The average concentrations of total PCNs were 26 ng Nm-3 for CP, 65 ng Nm-3 for IOS, 720 ng Nm-3 for AF, 443 ng Nm-3 for MSWI, and

Entropy production guides energy budget. Comment on ;Physics of metabolic organization; by Marko Jusup et al.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martyushev, Leonid M.

2017-03-01

The paper [1] is very important and useful for everyone involved in mathematic modeling of biological processes. There is no point in mentioning here all the advantages of the publication because they can be found in the primary source itself. In this comment, I would like to briefly refer to the critical points that authors and readers may find useful for further consideration and development of the Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory.

Challenges for dynamic energy budget theory. Comment on ;Physics of metabolic organization; by Marko Jusup et al.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nisbet, Roger M.

2017-03-01

Jusup et al. [1] provide a comprehensive review of Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory - a theory of metabolic organization that has its roots in a model by S.A.L.M Kooijman [2] and has evolved over three decades into a remarkable general theory whose use appears to be growing exponentially. The definitive text on DEB theory [3] is a challenging (though exceptionally rewarding) read, and previous reviews (e.g. [4,5]) have provided focused summaries of some of its main themes, targeted at specific groups of readers. The strong case for a further review is well captured in the abstract: ;Hitherto, the foundations were more accessible to physicists or mathematicians, and the applications to biologists, causing a dichotomy in what always should have been a single body of work.; In response to this need, Jusup et al. provide a review that combines a lucid, rigorous exposition of the core components of DEB theory with a diverse collection of DEB applications. They also highlight some recent advances, notably the rapidly growing on-line database of DEB model parameters (451 species on 15 August 2016 according to [1], now, just a few months later, over 500 species).

Maturity as quantifier for physiological time. Comment on ;Physics of metabolic organization; by Marko Jusup et al.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Augustine, Starrlight

2017-03-01

I appreciated the review of motivational considerations for the set-up of the Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory by Jusup et al. [1, section 2]. The authors refer to useful biological literature when illustrating and justifying concepts of homeostasis and maturity.

A brief history of dermatovenereology in Dubrovnik.

PubMed

Bakija-Konsuo, Ana; Marlais, Matko

2012-01-01

Since its inception, Dubrovnik has been associated with medicine. The citizens of Dubrovnik have felt the need for the development and improvement of public health conditions in their city as the basic conditions of their existence. In this context, we focused our attention on the development of dermatology and venereology to date; from the first hospital Domus Christi to the modern hospital Medarevo; from the first doctors to specialist doctors, who have marked dermatovenereology in Dubrovnik and Croatia. Domus Christi started accepting patients in 1540 as a public sector hospital and operated for more than 350 years. In 1847, doctors Pinelli and Lopišić operated on breast cancer in this hospital with the use of ether narcosis (one year after ether narcosis had been discovered). A doctor is first mentioned in Dubrovnik in 1280, until this time it could be said that there were no doctors. Medical operations were performed by barbers. The first written records of a doctor in Dubrovnik practicing in dermatovenereology are those of military doctor Marko Bibica. In the context of Dubrovnik dermatovenereology, we must mention doctor Luko Stulli, who was the first to describe Mal de Meleda.

Autotrophs' challenge to Dynamic Energy Budget theory: Comment on ;Physics of metabolic organization; by Marko Jusup et al.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geček, Sunčana

2017-03-01

Jusup and colleagues in the recent review on physics of metabolic organization [1] discuss in detail motivational considerations and common assumptions of Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory, supply readers with a practical guide to DEB-based modeling, demonstrate the construction and dynamics of the standard DEB model, and illustrate several applications. The authors make a step forward from the existing literature by seamlessly bridging over the dichotomy between (i) thermodynamic foundations of the theory (which are often more accessible and understandable to physicists and mathematicians), and (ii) the resulting bioenergetic models (mostly used by biologists in real-world applications).

Community dermatology in Debre Markos: an attempt to define children's dermatological needs in a rural area of Ethiopia.

PubMed

Murgia, Vitalia; Bilcha, Kassahun Desalegn; Shibeshi, Dagnachew

2010-06-01

Skin diseases are very common in rural and urban areas in developing countries. Knowledge of the real frequency of the dermatological problems of Ethiopian children could help plan future intervention for early diagnosis and low cost "good practice" therapies. We involved in the project two primary Ethiopian schools, attended by 1765 children from grade 1 to grade 4, who were screened to assess their general skin health conditions. All children were examined naked in good day light. To record data we used an EPIinfo questionnaire. A total of 1104 children were screened. We registered a total number of 1086 dermatological problems, 876 of them were of infective origin mainly represented by fungal infections (36.1%). Tinea capitis represented 76% of the cases, tinea corporis 27% and tinea unguium 8%. Head lice affected 345 children. Viral infections accounted for 12%, most of them were warts. We think our work highlights the general health and living conditions of Ethiopian school children. The dermatological problems affecting most of the children could improve just by better skin hygiene conditions. The presence at the community level of health workers trained to perform a correct and early diagnosis and distribute efficacious, low-cost therapies would be a relevant step forward. We think this project could help draw attention and interest to these issues.

Urinary Concentrations of Parabens and Other Antimicrobial Chemicals and Their Association with Couples’ Fecundity

PubMed Central

Smarr, Melissa M.; Sundaram, Rajeshwari; Honda, Masato; Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Louis, Germaine M. Buck

2016-01-01

Background: Human exposure to parabens and other antimicrobial chemicals is continual and pervasive. The hormone-disrupting properties of these environmental chemicals may adversely affect human reproduction. Objective: We aimed to prospectively assess couples’ urinary concentrations of antimicrobial chemicals in the context of fecundity, measured as time to pregnancy (TTP). Methods: In a prospective cohort of 501 couples, we examined preconception urinary chemical concentrations of parabens, triclosan and triclorcarban in relation to TTP; chemical concentrations were modeled both continuously and in quartiles. Cox’s proportional odds models for discrete survival time were used to estimate fecundability odds ratios (FORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for a priori–defined confounders. In light of TTP being a couple-dependent outcome, both partner and couple-based exposure models were analyzed. In all models, FOR estimates < 1.0 denote diminished fecundity (longer TTP). Results: Overall, 347 (69%) couples became pregnant. The highest quartile of female urinary methyl paraben (MP) concentrations relative to the lowest reflected a 34% reduction in fecundity (aFOR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.97) and remained so when accounting for couples’ concentrations (aFOR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.96). Similar associations were observed between ethyl paraben (EP) and couple fecundity for both partner and couple-based models (p-trend = 0.02 and p-trend = 0.05, respectively). No associations were observed with couple fecundity when chemicals were modeled continuously. Conclusions: Higher quartiles of preconception urinary concentrations of MP and EP among female partners were associated with reduced couple fecundity in partner-specific and couple-based exposure models. Citation: Smarr MM, Sundaram R, Honda M, Kannan K, Buck Louis GM. 2016. Urinary concentrations of parabens and other antimicrobial chemicals and their association with couples’ fecundity. Environ

Economics of Quality Education and Paths Leading into and out of Quality Education: Evidence from Debre Markos University, Ethiopia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Molla, Tsegaye

2017-01-01

The difference in economic development among nations entirely emanates from difference in human capital development as it is the priority pathway out of poverty, diverse socio-economic and environmental crises. Although, huge investment in human capital development has long been made, mere investment will never lead to quality labor force unless…

The universality of the von Bertalanffy growth curve. Comment on: ;Physics of metabolic organization; by Marko Jusup et al.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maino, James L.; Kearney, Michael R.

2017-03-01

A key strength of the DEB approach, in contrast to other metabolic theories, is that its foundational principles are general to all of life. Other theories have attempted to explain patterns in metabolism in terms of taxon-specific processes, such as the geometry of vascular network supply constraints [1,2], or heat dissipation requirements of endotherms [3], but DEB theory presents constraints on metabolic processes that apply to a wide range of taxa, including bacteria, invertebrates, birds, or mammals [4]. The price of this generalisability is abstraction, but there is much to gain from a general and unifying metabolic theory. Abstracting individuals into simple energy processors would seem to overlook many other important aspects of their biology, such as their unique phylogeny, physiology, or ethology, but this strategy has facilitated great advances in one of the grand challenges in biology: making sense of interacting phenomena occurring across wide scales in space, time, and organisational complexity. The study of cells, individuals, communities and ecosystems have benefited from such a regime [5,6]. Similarly, the simple abstraction of partitioning individual organisms into compartments of reserve biomass and structural biomass allows one to account for an astounding variety of energetic transformations that occur between species and as an organism develops.

DEB modeling for nanotoxicology, microbial ecology, and environmental engineering. Comment on: ;Physics of metabolic organization; by Marko Jusup et al.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holden, Patricia A.

2017-03-01

Jusup et al. [1] appeal to mathematical physicists, and to biologists, by providing the theoretical basis for dynamic energy budget (DEB) modeling of individual organisms and populations, while emphasizing model simplicity, universality, and applicability to real world problems. Comments herein regard the disciplinary tensions proposed by the authors and suggest that-in addition to important applications in eco- and specifically nano-toxicology-there are opportunities for DEB frameworks to inform relative complexity in microbial ecological process modeling. This commentary also suggests another audience for bridging DEB theory and application-engineers solving environmental problems.

Advanced powder metallurgy aluminum alloys via rapid solidification technology, phase 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ray, Ranjan; Jha, Sunil C.

1987-01-01

Marko's rapid solidification technology was applied to processing high strength aluminum alloys. Four classes of alloys, namely, Al-Li based (class 1), 2124 type (class 2), high temperature Al-Fe-Mo (class 3), and PM X7091 type (class 4) alloy, were produced as melt-spun ribbons. The ribbons were pulverized, cold compacted, hot-degassed, and consolidated through single or double stage extrusion. The mechanical properties of all four classes of alloys were measured at room and elevated temperatures and their microstructures were investigated optically and through electron microscopy. The microstructure of class 1 Al-Li-Mg alloy was predominantly unrecrystallized due to Zr addition. Yield strengths to the order of 50 Ksi were obtained, but tensile elongation in most cases remained below 2 percent. The class 2 alloys were modified composition of 2124 aluminum alloy, through addition of 0.6 weight percent Zr and 1 weight percent Ni. Nickel addition gave rise to a fine dispersion of intermetallic particles resisting coarsening during elevated temperature exposure. The class 2 alloy showed good combination of tensile strength and ductility and retained high strength after 1000 hour exposure at 177 C. The class 3 Al-Fe-Mo alloy showed high strength and good ductility both at room and high temperatures. The yield and tensile strength of class 4 alloy exceeded those of the commercial 7075 aluminum alloy.

Six degrees of depolarization. Comment on "Network science of biological systems at different scales: A review" by Marko Gosak et al.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wedgwood, Kyle C. A.; Satin, Leslie S.

2018-03-01

In 1967, the social psychologist Stanley Milgram asked how many intermediates would be required for a letter from participants in various U.S. states to be received by a contact in Boston, given that participants were given only basic information about the contact, and were instructed only to pass along the message to someone that might know the intended recipient [27]. The surprising answer was that, in spite of the social and geographical distances covered, on average, only 6 people were required for the message to reach its intended target.

Prediction of sea ice thickness cluster in the Northern Hemisphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fuckar, Neven-Stjepan; Guemas, Virginie; Johnson, Nathaniel; Doblas-Reyes, Francisco

2016-04-01

Sea ice thickness (SIT) has a potential to contain substantial climate memory and predictability in the northern hemisphere (NH) sea ice system. We use 5-member NH SIT, reconstructed with an ocean-sea-ice general circulation model (NEMOv3.3 with LIM2) with a simple data assimilation routine, to determine NH SIT modes of variability disentangled from the long-term climate change. Specifically, we apply the K-means cluster analysis - one of nonhierarchical clustering methods that partition data into modes or clusters based on their distances in the physical - to determine optimal number of NH SIT clusters (K=3) and their historical variability. To examine prediction skill of NH SIT clusters in EC-Earth2.3, a state-of-the-art coupled climate forecast system, we use 5-member ocean and sea ice initial conditions (IC) from the same ocean-sea-ice historical reconstruction and atmospheric IC from ERA-Interim reanalysis. We focus on May 1st and Nov 1st start dates from 1979 to 2010. Common skill metrics of probability forecast, such as rank probability skill core and ROC (relative operating characteristics - hit rate versus false alarm rate) and reliability diagrams show that our dynamical model predominately perform better than the 1st order Marko chain forecast (that beats climatological forecast) over the first forecast year. On average May 1st start dates initially have lower skill than Nov 1st start dates, but their skill is degraded at slower rate than skill of forecast started on Nov 1st.

Time-reversal-based SU(2)× Sn scalar invariants as (Lie Algebraic) group measures: a structured overview of generalised democratic-recoupled, uniform non-Abelian [ AX] n NMR spin systems, as abstract Sn⊃ Sn-1../U n⊃U n-1.. chain networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Temme, F. P.

2004-03-01

The physics of dual group scalar invariants (SIs) as (Lie algebraic) group measures (L-GMs) and its significance to non-Abelian NMR spin systems motivates this overview of uniform general-2 n [ AX] 2 n spin evolution, which represents an extensive addendum to Corio's earlier (essentially restricted) view of Abelian spin system SU(2)-based SI-cardinalities. The |D 0( U)|((⊗SU(2)) (2n))|SI| values in [J. Magn. Reson., 134 (1998) 131] arise from strictly linear recoupled time-reversal invariance (TRI) models. In contrast, here we discuss the physical significance of an alternative polyhedral combinatorics approach to democratic recoupling (DR), a property inherent in both the TRI and statistical sampling. Recognition of spin ensemble SIs as being L-GMs over isomorphic algebras is invaluable in many DR-based NMR problems. Various [ AX] n model spin systems, including the [ AX] 3bis odd-odd parity spin system, are examined as direct applications of these L-GM- and combinatorial-based SI ideas. Hence in place of | SI|=15 (implied by Corio's | D0|((⊗ SU(2)) 2 n) approach), the bis 3-fold spin system cardinality is seen now as constrained to a single invariant on an isomorphic product algebra under L-GMs, in accord with the subspectral analysis of Jones et al. [Canad. J. Chem., 43 (1965) 683]. The group projective ideas cited here for DR (as cf. to graph theoretic views) apply to highly degenerate non-Abelian problems. Over dual tensorial bases, they define models of spin dynamical evolution whose (SR) quasiparticle superboson carrier (sub)spaces are characterised by SIs acting as explicit auxiliary labels [Physica, A198 (1993) 245; J. Math. Chem., 31 (2002) 281]. A deeper S2n network-based view of spin-alone space developed in Balasubramanian's work [J. Chem. Phys., 78 (1983) 6358] is especially important, (e.g.) in the study of spin waves [J. Math. Chem., 31 (2002) 363]. Beyond the specific NMR SIs derived here, there are DR applications where a sporadic, still

Time-reversal-based SU(2) x Sn scalar invariants as (Lie Algebraic) group measures: a structured overview of generalised democratic-recoupled, uniform non-Abelian [AX]n NMR spin systems, as abstract [Formula: see text] chain networks.

PubMed

Temme, F P

2004-03-01

The physics of dual group scalar invariants (SIs) as (Lie algebraic) group measures (L-GMs) and its significance to non-Abelian NMR spin systems motivates this overview of uniform general-2n [AX](2n) spin evolution, which represents an extensive addendum to Corio's earlier (essentially restricted) view of Abelian spin system SU(2)-based SI-cardinalities. The [Formula: see text] values in [J. Magn. Reson., 134 (1998) 131] arise from strictly linear recoupled time-reversal invariance (TRI) models. In contrast, here we discuss the physical significance of an alternative polyhedral combinatorics approach to democratic recoupling (DR), a property inherent in both the TRI and statistical sampling. Recognition of spin ensemble SIs as being L-GMs over isomorphic algebras is invaluable in many DR-based NMR problems. Various [AX]n model spin systems, including the [AX]3 bis odd-odd parity spin system, are examined as direct applications of these L-GM- and combinatorial-based SI ideas. Hence in place of /SI/=15 (implied by Corio's [Formula: see text] approach), the bis 3-fold spin system cardinality is seen now as constrained to a single invariant on an isomorphic product algebra under L-GMs, in accord with the subspectral analysis of Jones et al. [Canad. J. Chem., 43 (1965) 683]. The group projective ideas cited here for DR (as cf. to graph theoretic views) apply to highly degenerate non-Abelian problems. Over dual tensorial bases, they define models of spin dynamical evolution whose (SR) quasiparticle superboson carrier (sub)spaces are characterised by SIs acting as explicit auxiliary labels [Physica, A198 (1993) 245; J. Math. Chem., 31 (2002) 281]. A deeper [Formula: see text] network-based view of spin-alone space developed in Balasubramanian's work [J. Chem. Phys., 78 (1983) 6358] is especially important, (e.g.) in the study of spin waves [J. Math. Chem., 31 (2002) 363]. Beyond the specific NMR SIs derived here, there are DR applications where a sporadic, still higher, 2

DELAY on first antenatal care visit and its associated factors among pregnant women in public health facilities of Debre Markos town, North West Ethiopia.

PubMed

Ewunetie, Atsede Alle; Munea, Alemtsehay Mekonnen; Meselu, Belsity Temesgen; Simeneh, Muluye Molla; Meteku, Bekele Tesfaye

2018-05-16

Delay on timely initiation of antenatal care has a great impact on adverse pregnancy out comes. However, evidences in Ethiopia revealed that majority of pregnant mothers did not start their first visit as recommrnded by WHO. The aim of this study was to assess delay and associated factors of first antenatal care visit among pregnant mothers at public health facilities of Debremarkos town, North West Ethiopia. An institutional based crosss-sectional study was conducted from February to March, 2014 in public health facilities of Debremarkos town North west Ethiopia. A total of 320 pregnant mothers who were sure of their last menstrual periods were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Data entry was done using Epi data 3.1 and analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics, binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the magnitude and factors associated with delay on timely initiation of the first antenatal care visit. The proportion of respondents who made their first antenatal care visit after 16 weeks of gestation was found to be 33.4%. Mothers residing in rural settings (AOR = 2.8 [95% CI:1.54-5.44]), not attained formal education(AOR = 2.2 [95% CI:1.10-4.68]),with unintended pregnancy (AOR = 3.6 [95% CI:2.00-6.80]) and who perceived that the right initiation time of the first antenatal care visit is beyond 16 weeks of gestation (AOR = 3.9 [95% CI:1.61-9.76]) were more likely delayed on their first antenatal care visit . Residence, educational status, intention of pregnancy and perception on the right time of first antenatal care visit initiation were found to be predictors of delay on timely initiatin of first antenatal care visit. Therefore, the Zonal health department should strengthen awareness creation about timely initiation of first antenatal care visit and family planning to prevent unintended pregnancy in the community especially in the rural settings.

Meta-analysis of Timing for Microsurgical Free-Flap Reconstruction for Lower Limb Injury: Evaluation of the Godina Principles.

PubMed

Haykal, Siba; Roy, Mélissa; Patel, Ashit

2018-05-01

 In 1986, Marko Godina published his seminal work regarding the timing of free-flap reconstruction for traumatic extremity defects. Early reconstruction, compared with delayed and late reconstruction resulted in significant decreases in free-flap failure rate, post-operative infections, hospitalization time, bone healing time, and number of additional anesthesias. The objective of this manuscript was to evaluate whether these principles continue to apply.  A meta-analysis was performed analyzing articles from Medline, Embase, and Pubmed. Four hundred and ninety-two articles were screened, and 134 articles were assessed for eligibility. Following full-text review, 43 articles were included in this study.  The exact timing for free-flap reconstruction, free-flap failure rate, infection rate, and follow-up was defined in all 43 articles. Early free-flap reconstruction was found to have significantly lower rates of free-flap failure and infection in comparison to delayed reconstruction ( p  = 0.008; p  = 0.0004). Compared with late reconstruction, early reconstruction was found to have significantly lower infection rates only ( p  = 0.01) with no difference in free-flap failures rates. Early reconstruction was found to lead to fewer additional procedures ( p  = 0.03). No statistical significance was found for bone healing time or hospitalization time.  Early free-flap reconstruction performed within the first 72 hours resulted in a decreased rate of free-flap failures, infection, and additional procedures with no difference in other parameters. The largest majority of free flaps continue to be performed in a delayed time frame. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Biological mechanisms beyond network analysis via mathematical modeling. Comment on "Network science of biological systems at different scales: A review" by Marko Gosak et al.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pedersen, Morten Gram

2018-03-01

Methods from network theory are increasingly used in research spanning from engineering and computer science to psychology and the social sciences. In this issue, Gosak et al. [1] provide a thorough review of network science applications to biological systems ranging from the subcellular world via neuroscience to ecosystems, with special attention to the insulin-secreting beta-cells in pancreatic islets.

Chronic High Dose Intraperitoneal Bisphenol A (BPA) Induces Substantial Histological and Gene Expression Alterations in Rat Penile Tissue Without Impairing Erectile Function

PubMed Central

Kovanecz, Istvan; Gelfand, Robert; Masouminia, Maryam; Gharib, Sahir; Segura, Denesse; Vernet, Dolores; Rajfer, Jacob; Li, De-Kun; Liao, Chun Yang; Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Gonzalez-Cadavid, Nestor F.

2014-01-01

dose of BPA developed hypogonadism and a corporal histo- and molecular-pathology usually associated with ED, no changes were detected in erectile function as measured by EFS and cavernosometry. Further studies using alternate routes of BPA administration with various doses and length of exposure are needed to expand these findings. Kovanecz I, Gelfand R, Masouminia M, Gharib S, Segura D, Vernet D, Rajfer J, Li DK, Liao CY, Kannan K, and Gonzalez-Cadavid NF. Chronic high dose intraperitoneal bisphenol A (BPA) induces substantial histological and gene expression alterations in rat penile tissue without impairing erectile function. PMID:24134786

Association of Perfluoroalkyl Substances, Bone Mineral Density, and Osteoporosis in the U.S. Population in NHANES 2009-2010.

PubMed

Khalil, Naila; Chen, Aimin; Lee, Miryoung; Czerwinski, Stefan A; Ebert, James R; DeWitt, Jamie C; Kannan, Kurunthachalam

2016-01-01

was also associated with PFAS exposure, based on a small number of cases. Khalil N, Chen A, Lee M, Czerwinski SA, Ebert JR, DeWitt JC, Kannan K. 2016. Association of perfluoroalkyl substances, bone mineral density, and osteoporosis in the U.S. population in NHANES 2009-2010. Environ Health Perspect 124:81-87; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307909.

The role of Dynamic Energy Budget theory in predictive modeling of stressor impacts on ecological systems. Comment on: ;Physics of metabolic organization; by Marko Jusup et al.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galic, Nika; Forbes, Valery E.

2017-03-01

Human activities have been modifying ecosystems for centuries, from pressures on wild populations we harvest to modifying habitats through urbanization and agricultural activities. Changes in global climate patterns are adding another layer of, often unpredictable, perturbations to ecosystems on which we rely for life support [1,2]. To ensure the sustainability of ecosystem services, especially at this point in time when the human population is estimated to grow by another 2 billion by 2050 [3], we need to predict possible consequences of our actions and suggest relevant solutions [4,5]. We face several challenges when estimating adverse impacts of our actions on ecosystems. We describe these in the context of ecological risk assessment of chemicals. Firstly, when attempting to assess risk from exposure to chemicals, we base our decisions on a very limited number of species that are easily cultured and kept in the lab. We assume that preventing risk to these species will also protect all of the untested species present in natural ecosystems [6]. Secondly, although we know that chemicals interact with other stressors in the field, the number of stressors that we can test is limited due to logistical and ethical reasons. Similarly, empirical approaches are limited in both spatial and temporal scale due to logistical, financial and ethical reasons [7,8]. To bypass these challenges, we can develop ecological models that integrate relevant life history and other information and make testable predictions across relevant spatial and temporal scales [8-10].

Structural Perspective on Enzymatic Halogenation

PubMed Central

2008-01-01

Simple halogen substituents frequently afford key structural features that account for the potency and selectivity of natural products, including antibiotics and hormones. For example, when a single chlorine atom on the antibiotic vancomycin is replaced by hydrogen, the resulting antibacterial activity decreases by up to 70% (HarrisC. M.; KannanR.; KopeckaH.; HarrisT. M.J. Am. Chem. Soc.1985, 107, 6652−6658). This Account analyzes how structure underlies mechanism in halogenases, the molecular machines designed by nature to incorporate halogens into diverse substrates. Traditional synthetic methods of integrating halogens into complex molecules are often complicated by a lack of specificity and regioselectivity. Nature, however, has developed a variety of elegant mechanisms for halogenating specific substrates with both regio- and stereoselectivity. An improved understanding of the biological routes toward halogenation could lead to the development of novel synthetic methods for the creation of new compounds with enhanced functions. Already, researchers have co-opted a fluorinase from the microorganism Streptomyces cattleya to produce 18F-labeled molecules for use in positron emission tomography (PET) (DengH.; CobbS. L.; GeeA. D.; LockhartA.; MartarelloL.; McGlincheyR. P.; O’HaganD.; OnegaM.Chem. Commun.2006, 652−654). Therefore, the discovery and characterization of naturally occurring enzymatic halogenation mechanisms has become an active area of research. The catalogue of known halogenating enzymes has expanded from the familiar haloperoxidases to include oxygen-dependent enzymes and fluorinases. Recently, the discovery of a nucleophilic halogenase that catalyzes chlorinations has expanded the repertoire of biological halogenation chemistry (DongC.; HuangF.; DengH.; SchaffrathC.; SpencerJ. B.; O’HaganD.; NaismithJ. H.Nature2004, 427, 561−56514765200). Structural characterization has provided a basis toward a mechanistic understanding of the specificity

R and D work on the constrained vapor bubble system for a microgravity experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wayner, P. C., Jr.; Plawsky, J. L.

2005-01-01

We are working with Project Scientists R. Balasubramanian and Sang Young Son, and a NASA Projects Team headed by Sue Motil at the Glenn Research Center on the design and development of an experimental system for use on the International Space Station during the year 2006. John Eustace is the coordinator for the flight experiment at Zin-Tech (previously Northrop-Grumman) for the design and development of the Constrained Vapor Bubble Heat Exchanger, CVBHX, cell which will fit into the Light Microscope Module, LMM. Good progress is being made. The CDR for the LMM being developed was held on December 10-1 1,2003. Experimental results obtained under microgravity conditions will be compared with those obtained at Rensselaer. Basic and applied research at Rensselaer continues on the experimental and theoretical details associated with passive phase change heat transfer processes controlled by interfacial forces in the CVBHX. The extensive results of our current research are presented in the 23 external publications listed below. Twenty-two external presentations have been given. Briefly, evaporation/condensation data from both vertical and horizontal CVBHX systems were obtained and analyzed for both polar (wetting) and apolar (partially wetting) fluids. The vertical system is axi-symmetric, but strongly effected by gravity. Whereas, the horizontal system is asymmetric, but weakly effected by gravity. Therefore, there will be significant differences in the operation of the cell in the earth s environment versus the operation under microgravity conditions. Due to its relative large size, the system s performance should be optimum under micro-gravity conditions, where the CVBHX should be a very effective passive heat exchanger. The CVBHX was found to be an ideal experimental setup in which to study the effects of interfacial phenomena on both the evaporation and drop-wise condensation processes. The optical technique (Image Analyzing Interferometry, IAI), which is based on

Testing the Feasibility of Remote Patient Monitoring in Prenatal Care Using a Mobile App and Connected Devices: A Prospective Observational Trial.

PubMed

Marko, Kathryn I; Krapf, Jill M; Meltzer, Andrew C; Oh, Julia; Ganju, Nihar; Martinez, Anjali G; Sheth, Sheetal G; Gaba, Nancy D

2016-11-18

Excessive weight gain and elevated blood pressure are significant risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes such as gestational diabetes, premature birth, and preeclampsia. More effective strategies to facilitate adherence to gestational weight gain goals and monitor blood pressure may have a positive health benefit for pregnant women and their babies. The impact of utilizing a remote patient monitoring system to monitor blood pressure and weight gain as a component of prenatal care has not been previously assessed. The objective of this study is to determine the feasibility of monitoring patients remotely in prenatal care using a mobile phone app and connected digital devices. In this prospective observational study, 8 women with low risk pregnancy in the first trimester were recruited at an urban academic medical center. Participants received a mobile phone app with a connected digital weight scale and blood pressure cuff for at-home data collection for the duration of pregnancy. At-home data was assessed for abnormal values of blood pressure or weight to generate clinical alerts to the patient and provider. As measures of the feasibility of the system, participants were studied for engagement with the app, accuracy of remote data, efficacy of alert system, and patient satisfaction. Patient engagement with the mobile app averaged 5.5 times per week over the 6-month study period. Weight data collection and blood pressure data collection averaged 1.5 times and 1.1 times per week, respectively. At-home measurements of weight and blood pressure were highly accurate compared to in-office measurements. Automatic clinical alerts identified two episodes of abnormal weight gain with no false triggers. Patients demonstrated high satisfaction with the system. In this pilot study, we demonstrated that a system using a mobile phone app coupled to remote monitoring devices is feasible for prenatal care. ©Kathryn I Marko, Jill M Krapf, Andrew C Meltzer, Julia Oh, Nihar Ganju

Current Level and Correlates of Traditional Cooking Energy Sources Utilization in Urban Settings in the Context of Climate Change and Health, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case of Debre Markos Town

PubMed Central

Geremew, Kumlachew; Gedefaw, Molla; Dagnew, Zewdu; Jara, Dube

2014-01-01

Background. Traditional biomass has been the major source of cooking energy for major segment of Ethiopian population for thousands of years. Cognizant of this energy poverty, the Government of Ethiopia has been spending huge sum of money to increase hydroelectric power generating stations. Objective. To assess current levels and correlates of traditional cooking energy sources utilization. Methods. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches on systematically selected 423 households for quantitative and purposively selected 20 people for qualitative parts. SPSS version 16 for windows was used to analyze the quantitative data. Logistic regression was fitted to assess possible associations and its strength was measured using odds ratio at 95% CI. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Result. The study indicated that 95% of households still use traditional biomass for cooking. Those who were less knowledgeable about negative health and environmental effects of traditional cooking energy sources were seven and six times more likely to utilize them compared with those who were knowledgeable (AOR (95% CI) = 7.56 (1.635, 34.926), AOR (95% CI) = 6.68 (1.80, 24.385), resp.). The most outstanding finding of this study was that people use traditional energy for cooking mainly due to lack of the knowledge and their beliefs about food prepared using traditional energy. That means “…people still believe that food cooked with charcoal is believed to taste delicious than cooked with other means.”  Conclusion. The majority of households use traditional biomass for cooking due to lack of knowledge and belief. Therefore, mechanisms should be designed to promote electric energy and to teach the public about health effects of traditional cooking energy source. PMID:24895591

Current level and correlates of traditional cooking energy sources utilization in urban settings in the context of climate change and health, northwest Ethiopia: a case of Debre Markos town.

PubMed

Geremew, Kumlachew; Gedefaw, Molla; Dagnew, Zewdu; Jara, Dube

2014-01-01

Traditional biomass has been the major source of cooking energy for major segment of Ethiopian population for thousands of years. Cognizant of this energy poverty, the Government of Ethiopia has been spending huge sum of money to increase hydroelectric power generating stations. To assess current levels and correlates of traditional cooking energy sources utilization. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches on systematically selected 423 households for quantitative and purposively selected 20 people for qualitative parts. SPSS version 16 for windows was used to analyze the quantitative data. Logistic regression was fitted to assess possible associations and its strength was measured using odds ratio at 95% CI. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The study indicated that 95% of households still use traditional biomass for cooking. Those who were less knowledgeable about negative health and environmental effects of traditional cooking energy sources were seven and six times more likely to utilize them compared with those who were knowledgeable (AOR (95% CI) = 7.56 (1.635, 34.926), AOR (95% CI) = 6.68 (1.80, 24.385), resp.). The most outstanding finding of this study was that people use traditional energy for cooking mainly due to lack of the knowledge and their beliefs about food prepared using traditional energy. That means "...people still believe that food cooked with charcoal is believed to taste delicious than cooked with other means."  The majority of households use traditional biomass for cooking due to lack of knowledge and belief. Therefore, mechanisms should be designed to promote electric energy and to teach the public about health effects of traditional cooking energy source.

Agile Acceptance Test-Driven Development of Clinical Decision Support Advisories: Feasibility of Using Open Source Software.

PubMed

Basit, Mujeeb A; Baldwin, Krystal L; Kannan, Vaishnavi; Flahaven, Emily L; Parks, Cassandra J; Ott, Jason M; Willett, Duwayne L

2018-04-13

suite. We used test-driven development to construct a new CDS tool advising Emergency Department nurses to perform a swallowing assessment prior to administering oral medication to a patient with suspected stroke. Test tables specified desired behavior for (1) applicable clinical settings, (2) triggering action, (3) rule logic, (4) user interface, and (5) system actions in response to user input. Automated test suite results for the "executable requirements" are shown prior to building the CDS alert, during build, and after successful build. Automated acceptance test-driven development and continuous regression testing of CDS configuration in a commercial EHR proves feasible with open source software. Automated test-driven development offers one potential contribution to achieving high-reliability EHR configuration. Vetting acceptance tests with clinicians elicits their input on crucial configuration details early during initial CDS design and iteratively during rapid-cycle optimization. ©Mujeeb A Basit, Krystal L Baldwin, Vaishnavi Kannan, Emily L Flahaven, Cassandra J Parks, Jason M Ott, Duwayne L Willett. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (http://medinform.jmir.org), 13.04.2018.

Midwives' and patients' perspectives on disrespect and abuse during labor and delivery care in Ethiopia: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Burrowes, Sahai; Holcombe, Sarah Jane; Jara, Dube; Carter, Danielle; Smith, Katheryn

2017-08-22

It is increasingly recognized that disrespect and abuse of women during labor and delivery is a violation of a woman's rights and a deterrent to the use of life-saving, facility-based labor and delivery services. In Ethiopia, rates of skilled birth attendance are still only 28% despite a recent dramatic national scale up in the numbers of trained providers and facilities. Concerns have been raised that womens' perceptions of poor quality of care and fear of mistreatment might contribute to this low utilization. This study examines the experiences of disrespect and abuse in maternal care from the perspectives of both providers and patients. We conducted 45 in-depth interviews at four health facilities in Debre Markos, Ethiopia with midwives, midwifery students, and women who had given birth within the past year. Students and providers also took a brief quantitative survey on patients' rights during labor and delivery and responded to clinical scenarios regarding the provision of stigmatized reproductive health services. We find that both health care providers and patients report frequent physical and verbal abuse as well as non-consented care during labor and delivery. Providers report that most abuse is unintended and results from weaknesses in the health system or from medical necessity. We uncovered no evidence of more systematic types of abuse involving detention of patients, bribery, abandonment or ongoing discrimination against particular ethnic groups. Although health care providers showed good basic knowledge of confidentiality, privacy, and consent, training on the principles of responsive and respectful care, and on counseling, is largely absent. Providers indicated that they would welcome related practical instruction. Patient responses suggest that women are aware that their rights are being violated and avoid facilities with reputations for poor care. Our results suggest that training on respectful care, offered in the professional ethics modules of the

Postnatal Care Service Utilization and Associated Factors among Women Who Gave Birth in the Last 12 Months prior to the Study in Debre Markos Town, Northwestern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

PubMed

Limenih, Miteku Andualem; Endale, Zerfu Mulaw; Dachew, Berihun Assefa

2016-01-01

Improving maternal and newborn health through proper postnatal care services under the care of skilled health personnel is the key strategy to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality. However, there were limited evidences on utilization of postnatal care services in Ethiopia. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Debremarkos town, Northwest Ethiopia. Cluster sampling technique was used to select 588 study participants. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with postnatal care utilization. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance. Postnatal care service utilization was found to be 33.5%. Awareness about maternal complication (AOR: 2.72, 95% CI (1.71, 4.34)), place of delivery of last child (AOR: 1.68, 95% CI: (1.01, 2.79)), outcome of birth (AOR: 2.71, 95% CI (1.19, 6.19)), delivery by cesarean section (AOR: 4.82, 95% CI (1.86, 12.54)), and delivery complication that occurred during birth (AOR: 2.58, 95% CI (1.56, 4.28)) were factors associated with postnatal care service utilization. Postnatal care service utilization was found to be low. Increasing awareness about postnatal care, preventing maternal and neonatal complication, and scheduling mothers based on the national postnatal care follow-up protocol would increase postnatal care service utilization.

Fifty-five years (1955-2010) of the Coagulation Section at Laboratory of Hematology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital, and its founder, hematologist Ljubomir Popović.

PubMed

Stancić, Vladimir; Stancić, Nevenka; Vucelić, Vesna; Lang, Nada; Grbac, Ljiljana

2011-09-01

The Coagulation Section at Laboratory of Hematology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital, Zagreb, was founded in 1955 by Ljubomir Popović, hematologist and assistant at School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, in cooperation with hard-working laboratory technicians. Apart from papers on hematologic neoplasms, plasmacytoma and lymphoma, Ljubomir Popović published a number of papers in the field of anticoagulant therapy with heparin and oral anticoagulants, some of which are also in use today. After Ljubomir Popović left the Hospital in 1964, the Laboratory was run by Professor Nedjeljko Milić, head of the newly founded Division of Hematology. In 1968, the management of the Laboratory of Hematology was taken over by Biserka Raić, MS, medical biochemist, until her retirement in 2007. Great development in morphological and cytometric studies of blood and blood cells has been paralleled by continuous progress and almost dominating activities in the diagnosis of hemostasis disorders. In the 1970s, Marko Koprcina, hematologist, and Biserka Raić introduced the then latest tests in practice at all Hospital departments. In that golden age of the Coagulation Section, M. Koprcina, B. Raić and their associates transferred their knowledge to all colleagues in the Hospital. Through that collaboration, high standards in the diagnosis of hemostasis disorders were achieved, from which the currently high level of clinical knowledge about coagulation disorders and their treatment has derived, making Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital one of the leading hospitals in this field in the country. By describing development of the Coagulation Section and the life of its founder Ljubomir Popović, the authors tried to provide an answer to the following question: can today's clinicians still have a deciding role in laboratory development, considering that assessments of different phenomena are always initiated by an interested clinician who is trying to interpret and understand

An Online Cross-Sectional Comparison of Women With Symptoms of Persistent Genital Arousal, Painful Persistent Genital Arousal, and Chronic Vulvar Pain.

PubMed

Jackowich, Robyn A; Pink, Leah; Gordon, Allan; Poirier, Évéline; Pukall, Caroline F

2018-04-01

Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is an understudied condition characterized by unwanted physiologic genital arousal in the absence of subjective sexual arousal. Markos and Dinsmore (Int J STD AIDS 2013;24:852-858) theorized that PGAD shares a number of similarities with vulvodynia (unexplained chronic vulvar pain [CVP]), including symptom characteristics and comorbidities. To compare medical histories, symptom characteristics, pain characteristics, and daily functioning among women with persistent genital pain (PGA) (n = 42), painful PGA (n = 37), and CVP (n = 42) symptoms. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2015 through April 2016. Self-report measures of symptoms, diagnosed medical conditions, pain characteristics (McGill Pain Questionnaire), catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), and daily functioning (Functional Status Questionnaire) were collected. All 3 groups reported similar medical diagnoses and high frequencies of other chronic pelvic pain conditions. Women in all 3 groups reported comparable ages at symptom onset and timing of symptom expression (ie, constant vs intermittent). Women in the 2 PGA groups reported significantly greater feelings of helplessness than women in the CVP group. Women in the painful PGA and CVP groups endorsed significantly more sensory terms to describe their symptoms compared with women in the PGA group, whereas women in the painful PGA group reported significantly more affective terms to describe their symptoms compared with women in the CVP group. Women in the 2 PGA groups reported that their symptoms interfered significantly with most areas of daily functioning. Given the similarities between PGA and CVP symptoms, women with PGA may benefit from similar assessment, treatment, and research approaches. Limitations of the present study include its sole use of self-report measures; the presence of PGA or CVP symptoms was not confirmed by clinical assessment. However, the anonymous

Multiproxy reconstruction of tropical Pacific Holocene temperature gradients and water column structure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arbuszewski, J. A.; Oppo, D.; Huang, K.; Dubois, N.; Galy, V.; Mohtadi, M.; Herbert, T.; Rosenthal, Y.; Linsley, B. K.

2012-12-01

consider records from organic (sterol abundances) and inorganic proxies (Mg/Ca and δ18O of 3 planktonic foraminiferal species, % G. bulloides) to reconstruct zonal tropical Pacific (sub)surface temperature and stratification gradients over the Holocene. A benefit of using this approach is that it enables us to combine the strengths of each individual proxy to derive more robust records. We will compare our records with published paleoproxy and model studies in the Pacific and Indo-Pacific regions. Armed with this information, we aim to better understand mean state changes in the tropical Pacific over the Holocene. 1 Ropelewski, C. F. & Halpert, M. S. Monthly Weather Review 115, 1606-1626 (1987). 2 Collins, M. et al. Nature Geoscience 3, doi: 10.1038/NGEO1868 (2010). 3 Koutavas, A., Lynch-Steiglitz, J., Marchitto, T. & Sachs, J. Science 297, 226-230 (2002). 4 Moy, C. M., Seltzer, G. O., Rodbell, D. T. & Anderson, D. M. Nature 420, 162-165 (2002). 5 Conroy, J. L., Overpeck, J. T., Cole, J. E., Shanahan, T. M. & Steinitz-Kannan, M. Quaternary Science Reviews 27, 1166-1180 (2008). 6 Makou, M. C., Eglinton, T. I., Oppo, D. W. & Hughen, K. A. Geology 38, 43-46 (2010). 7 Karnauskas, K., Smerdon, J., Seager, R. & Gonzalez-Rouco, J. Journal of Climate, doi: 10.1178/JCLI-D-1111-00421.00421 (2012 (in press)). 8 Clement, A., Seager, R. & Cane, M. Paleoceanography 14, 441-456 (2000).

Toward efficient fiber-based quantum interface (Conference Presentation)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soshenko, Vladimir; Vorobyov, Vadim V.; Bolshedvorsky, Stepan; Lebedev, Nikolay; Akimov, Alexey V.; Sorokin, Vadim; Smolyaninov, Andrey

2016-04-01

, vol. 528, no. 1, p. 1-45, 2013. [2] A.V. Akimov, A. Mukherjee, C.L. Yu, D.E. Chang, A.S. Zibrov, P.R. Hemmer, H. Park and M.D. Lukin, "Generation of single optical plasmons in metallic nanowires coupled to quantum dots," Nature, vol. 450, p. 402-406, 2007. [3] Michael J. Burek , Yiwen Chu, Madelaine S.Z. Liddy, Parth Patel, Jake Rochman , Srujan Meesala, Wooyoung Hong, Qimin Quan, Mikhail D. Lukin and Marko Loncar High quality-factor optical nanocavities in bulk single-crystal diamond, Nature communications 6718 (2014) [4] Tim Schroder, Andreas W. Schell, Gunter Kewes, Thomas Aichele, and Oliver Benson Fiber-Integrated Diamond-Based Single Photon Source, Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 198-202 [5]Lars Liebermeister, et. al. "Tapered fiber coupling of single photons emitted by a deterministically positioned single nitrogen vacancy center", Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 031101 (2014)

F227. PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA OCCURRING DURING ADOLESCENCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF GREATER WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE IN EARLY PSYCHOSIS PATIENTS INDEPENDENTLY OF MEDICATION

PubMed Central

Alameda, Luis; Levier, Axel; Golay, Philippe; Gholam-Rezaee, Mehdi; Vandenberghe, Frederik; Delacretaz, Aurélie; Glatard, Anaïs; Dubath, Céline; Do, Kim Q; Eap, Chin B; Conus, Philippe

2018-01-01

Abstract Background The high prevalence of obesity in patients suffering from psychosis is a major concern as it dramatically increases the mortality rates of such patients in the long term. The mechanisms by which these patients develop overweight are poorly understood. It has been suggested that exposure to Childhood Trauma (CT) may play a role in the risk for obesity; however, whether this is the case for Early Psychosis (EP) patients and independently of the impact of medication has yet to be investigated. In addition, it is unknown whether the age at the time of exposure to CT can modulate the link between CT and obesity in EP patients. Methods 136 EP patients aged 18–35 were recruited from the Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP-Lausanne). Body Mass Index (BMI), Weight Gain (WG) and Waist Circumference (WC) were measured and monitored prospectively after psychotropic prescription during a follow-up period of 1 year (patients were assessed at baseline, after 1, 2, 3, 6 months and 1 year of antipsychotic treatment). Patients were classified into Early-Trauma if they had faced at least one experience of abuse (physical, sexual, or emotional) or neglect (physical or emotional) before age 12, and Late-Trauma if the exposure had occurred between ages 12 and 16. Linear Mixed effect models with a random intercept were used to investigate the impact of Trauma (early or late) on the metabolic parameters longitudinally, Marko Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method was used to adjust these models with sufficiently large number of MCMC iterations. Models were adjusted for age, socioeconomic status, baseline BMI, medication intake prior to the first assessment and during the treatment phase, and by the diagnosis of depression. Results Patients were more likely to have a diagnosis of Schizophrenia (61%; N=83), they had a mean age of 26 at the time of first assessment, and exposure to 1 or more forms of traumatic experiences before 16 years of age was

EDITORIAL: Lectures from the European RTN Winter School on Strings, Supergravity and Gauge Theories, CERN, 21 25 January 2008

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Derendinger, J.-P.; Orlando, D.; Uranga, A.

2008-11-01

been limited by the difficulties of quantizing the worldsheet theory in the presence of RR backgrounds. There is increasing hope that these difficulties can be overcome, using the pure spinor formulation of string theory. The lectures by Yaron Oz overview the present status of this proposal. The gauge/gravity correspondence is already leading to important insights into questions of quantum gravity, like the entropy of black holes and its interpretation in terms of microstates. These questions can be addressed in string theory, for certain classes of supersymmetric black holes. The lectures by Vijay Balasubramanian, Jan de Boer, Sheer El-Showk and Ilies Messamah review recent progress in this direction. Throughout the years, formal developments in string theory have systematically led to improved understanding on how it may relate to nature. In this respect, the lectures by Henning Samtleben describe how the formal developments on gauged supergravities can be used to describe compactification vacua in string theory, and their implications for moduli stabilization and supersymmetry breaking. Indeed, softly broken supersymmetry is one of the leading proposals to describe particle physics at the TeV energy range, as described in the lectures by Gian Giudice (not covered in this issue). This connection with TeV scale physics is most appropriate and timely, given that this energy range will shortly become experimentally accessible in the LHC at CERN. The conference was financially supported by the European Commission under contract MRTN-CT-2004-005104 and by CERN. It was jointly organized by the Physics Institute of the University of Neuchâtel and the Theory Unit of the Physics Division of CERN. It is a great pleasure for us to warmly thank the Theory Unit of CERN for its very kind hospitality and for the high quality of the assistance and the infrastructure that it has provided. We also acknowledge helpful administrative assistance from the Physics Institute of the

EDITORIAL: King of the elements? King of the elements?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Demming, Anna

2010-07-01

Nanotechnology 11 65-9 [8] Kim Y J, Ma H and Yu Q 2010 Nanotechnology 21 295703 [9] Pop E 2008 Nanotechnology 19 295202 [10] Novoselov K S, Geim A K, Morozov S V, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos S V, Grigorieva I V and Firsov A A 2004 Science 306 666-9 [11] Zhang Y-H, Chen Y-B, Zhou K-G, Liu C-H, Zeng J, Zhang H-L and Peng Y 2009 Nanotechnology 20 185504 [12] Recher P and Trauzettel B 2010 Nanotechnology 21 302001 [13] Boudou J-P, Curmi P A, Jelezko F, Wrachtrup J, Aubert P, Sennour M, Balasubramanian G, Reuter R, Thorel A and Gaffet E 2009 Nanotechnology 20 235602 [14] Webster T J, Wald M C, McKenzie J L, Price R L and Ejiofor J U 2004 Nanotechnology 15 48-54

EDITORIAL: Focus on Cold and Ultracold Molecules FOCUS ON COLD AND ULTRACOLD MOLECULES

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carr, Lincoln D.; Ye, Jun

2009-05-01

öhlich, A Griesmaier, T Pfau, H Saito, Y Kawaguchi and M Ueda High-energy-resolution molecular beams for cold collision studies L P Parazzoli, N Fitch, D S Lobser and H J Lewandowski Collisional effects in the formation of cold guided beams of polar molecules M Motsch, C Sommer, M Zeppenfeld, L D van Buuren, P W H Pinkse and G Rempe Towards sympathetic cooling of large molecules: cold collisions between benzene and rare gas atoms P Barletta, J Tennyson and P F Barker Efficient formation of ground-state ultracold molecules via STIRAP from the continuum at a Feshbach resonance Elena Kuznetsova, Marko Gacesa, Philippe Pellegrini, Susanne F Yelin and Robin Côté Emergent timescales in entangled quantum dynamics of ultracold molecules in optical lattices M L Wall and L D Carr Rotational state resolved photodissociation spectroscopy of translationally and vibrationally cold MgH+ ions: toward rotational cooling of molecular ions K Højbjerre, A K Hansen, P S Skyt, P F Staanum and M Drewsen Collective transverse cavity cooling of a dense molecular beam Thomas Salzburger and Helmut Ritsch A Stark decelerator on a chip Samuel A Meek, Horst Conrad and Gerard Meijer Deceleration of molecules by dipole force potential: a numerical simulation Susumu Kuma and Takamasa Momose Ultracold molecules: vehicles to scalable quantum information processing Kathy-Anne Brickman Soderberg, Nathan Gemelke and Cheng Chin Magnetic field modification of ultracold molecule-molecule collisions T V Tscherbul, Yu V Suleimanov, V Aquilanti and R V Krems Spectroscopy of 39K85Rb triplet excited states using ultracold a 3Σ+ state molecules formed by photoassociation J T Kim, D Wang, E E Eyler, P L Gould and W C Stwalley Pumping vortex into a Bose-Einstein condensate of heteronuclear molecules Z F Xu, R Q Wang and L You Intense atomic and molecular beams via neon buffer-gas cooling David Patterson, Julia Rasmussen and John M Doyle Dynamical properties of dipolar Fermi gases T Sogo, L He, T Miyakawa, S Yi, H Lu