29 CFR 452.69 - Expenses of campaign literature.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Expenses of campaign literature. 452.69 Section 452.69... AND DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 Campaign Safeguards § 452.69 Expenses of campaign literature. Each... is no requirement that the union distribute the literature of the candidate free of charge. In the...

18 CFR 367.9100 - Account 910, Miscellaneous customer service and informational expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., Miscellaneous customer service and informational expenses. 367.9100 Section 367.9100 Conservation of Power and... Account 910, Miscellaneous customer service and informational expenses. (a) This account must include the cost of labor, materials used and expenses incurred in connection with customer service and...

78 FR 17721 - Bureau of International Labor Affairs; National Advisory Committee for Labor Provisions of U.S...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-22

.... Department of Labor, which is the point of contact for the NAALC and the Labor Chapters of U.S. FTAs. The... of the U.S. Department of Labor serves as the U.S. point of contact under the FTAs listed above. The... for travel expenses. Authority: The authority for this notice is granted by the FACA (5 U.S.C. App. 2...

18 CFR 367.9050 - Account 905, Miscellaneous customer accounts expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Account 905, Miscellaneous customer accounts expenses. 367.9050 Section 367.9050 Conservation of Power and Water Resources..., Miscellaneous customer accounts expenses. (a) This account must include the cost of labor, materials used and...

7 CFR 1767.28 - Customer accounts expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... the cost of labor, employee pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries... benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and expenses..., employee pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials...

18 CFR 367.9030 - Account 903, Customer records and collection expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Account 903, Customer records and collection expenses. 367.9030 Section 367.9030 Conservation of Power and Water Resources..., Customer records and collection expenses. (a) This account must include the cost of labor, materials used...

18 CFR 367.9030 - Account 903, Customer records and collection expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Account 903, Customer records and collection expenses. 367.9030 Section 367.9030 Conservation of Power and Water Resources..., Customer records and collection expenses. (a) This account must include the cost of labor, materials used...

18 CFR 367.9030 - Account 903, Customer records and collection expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Account 903, Customer records and collection expenses. 367.9030 Section 367.9030 Conservation of Power and Water Resources..., Customer records and collection expenses. (a) This account must include the cost of labor, materials used...

18 CFR 367.9030 - Account 903, Customer records and collection expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Account 903, Customer records and collection expenses. 367.9030 Section 367.9030 Conservation of Power and Water Resources..., Customer records and collection expenses. (a) This account must include the cost of labor, materials used...

41 CFR 303-70.4 - Must we pay death-related expenses under this chapter if the same expenses are payable under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...? 303-70.4 Section 303-70.4 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Travel Regulation System..., certain death-related expenses are payable under the Federal Employees' Compensation Act (FECA), 5 U.S.C. 8134. For further information contact the: Department of Labor, Division of Federal Employees...

41 CFR 303-70.4 - May we pay death-related expenses under this chapter if the same expenses are payable under other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

....4 Section 303-70.4 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Travel Regulation System PAYMENT...-related expenses are payable under the Federal Employees' Compensation Act (FECA), 5 U.S.C. 8134. For further information contact the Department of Labor, Federal Employees' Compensation Division, 200...

41 CFR 303-70.4 - May we pay death-related expenses under this chapter if the same expenses are payable under other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....4 Section 303-70.4 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Travel Regulation System PAYMENT...-related expenses are payable under the Federal Employees' Compensation Act (FECA), 5 U.S.C. 8134. For further information contact the Department of Labor, Federal Employees' Compensation Division, 200...

41 CFR 303-70.4 - May we pay death-related expenses under this chapter if the same expenses are payable under other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

....4 Section 303-70.4 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Travel Regulation System PAYMENT...-related expenses are payable under the Federal Employees' Compensation Act (FECA), 5 U.S.C. 8134. For further information contact the Department of Labor, Federal Employees' Compensation Division, 200...

Paratransit Labor Issues

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-02-01

All paratransit services are labor intensive, second only to conventional taxis among transportation modes. As such, the manner in which the service is provided, the role of the labor force, and, in particular, the compensation afforded to drivers, h...

Managing the double burden: pregnancy and labor-intensive time use in rural China, Mexico, and Tanzania.

PubMed

Peterman, Amber; Ng, Shu Wen; Palermo, Tia; Lee, I-Heng Emma

2013-12-01

Labor-intensive work is often a way of life for women living in rural areas of developing countries. The physical exertion involved in such work may result in poor health outcomes for mothers and infants when continued through pregnancy. Using longitudinal data from China, Mexico, and Tanzania, we examine the relationship between pregnancy and four time-use outcomes, measured as hours spent in the past week on: (1) housework, (2) caregiving, (3) agricultural work, and (4) self-employment or nonagricultural work outside the home. An individual fixed-effects approach is adopted to overcome the potential time-invariant woman-level endogeneity of pregnancy status. With few exceptions, we do not find significantly different time-use patterns between pregnant and nonpregnant women. The assumption that women decrease labor-intensive work in developing countries during pregnancy needs revisiting and may have implications for both women's livelihood programming and assistance during childbearing periods. © 2013 The Population Council, Inc.

7 CFR 1767.29 - Customer service and informational expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... of labor, employee pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and..., social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and expenses incurred in... pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and...

7 CFR 1767.29 - Customer service and informational expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... of labor, employee pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and..., social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and expenses incurred in... pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and...

7 CFR 1767.29 - Customer service and informational expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... of labor, employee pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and..., social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and expenses incurred in... pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and...

7 CFR 1767.29 - Customer service and informational expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of labor, employee pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and..., social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and expenses incurred in... pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and...

7 CFR 1767.29 - Customer service and informational expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... of labor, employee pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and..., social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and expenses incurred in... pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, materials used, and...

Managing the double burden: Effects of pregnancy on labor-intensive time use in rural China, Mexico and Tanzania

PubMed Central

Peterman, Amber; Ng, Shu Wen; Palermo, Tia; Lee, I-Heng Emma

2014-01-01

Labor-intensive work is often a way of life for women in rural areas of developing countries. However, physical exertion may result in poor health outcomes for mother and infant if continued through pregnancy. Using longitudinal data from China, Mexico and Tanzania, we examine the relationship between pregnancy and four time use outcomes, measured as hours spent in the last week on: 1) housework, 2) care giving, 3) agricultural work, and 4) self-employed or non-agricultural work outside the home. An individual fixed effects approach is adopted to overcome potential time invariant woman-level endogeneity of pregnancy status. With a few exceptions, we do not find significantly different time use patterns between pregnant and non-pregnant women. The assumption that women decrease labor intensive work in developing countries during pregnancy needs revisiting, and may have implications for both women’s livelihood programming and assistance during childbearing periods. PMID:24323660

California's Agribusiness and the Farm Labor Question: The Transition from Asian to Mexican Labor, 1919-1939

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, Joon K.

2012-01-01

During the interwar period, California's labor-intensive agriculture transitioned from reliance on diverse immigrants to preference for Mexicans. Political movements to restrict immigration, the Great Depression, and labor unrest compelled farm employers to search for labor that could be used flexibly and deported easily. To achieve this…

Estimating medical practice expenses from administering adult influenza vaccinations.

PubMed

Coleman, Margaret S; Fontanesi, John; Meltzer, Martin I; Shefer, Abigail; Fishbein, Daniel B; Bennett, Nancy M; Stryker, David

2005-01-04

Potential business losses incurred vaccinating adults against influenza have not been defined because of a lack of estimates for medical practice costs incurred delivering vaccines. We collected data on vaccination labor time and other associated expenses. We modeled estimates of per-vaccination medical practice business costs associated with delivering adult influenza vaccine in different sized practices. Per-shot costs ranged from USD 13.87 to USD 46.27 (2001 dollars). When compared with average Medicare payments of USD 11.71, per-shot losses ranged from US$ 2.16 to USD 34.56. More research is needed to determine less expensive delivery settings and/or whether third-party payers need to make higher payments for adult vaccinations.

26 CFR 1.612-4 - Charges to capital and to expense in case of oil and gas wells.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... expense. This option applies to all expenditures made by an operator for wages, fuel, repairs, hauling... applies are, all amounts paid for labor, fuel, repairs, hauling, and supplies, or any of them, which are... themselves do not have a salvage value. For the purpose of this option, labor, fuel, repairs, hauling...

26 CFR 1.612-4 - Charges to capital and to expense in case of oil and gas wells.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... expense. This option applies to all expenditures made by an operator for wages, fuel, repairs, hauling... applies are, all amounts paid for labor, fuel, repairs, hauling, and supplies, or any of them, which are... themselves do not have a salvage value. For the purpose of this option, labor, fuel, repairs, hauling...

26 CFR 1.612-4 - Charges to capital and to expense in case of oil and gas wells.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... expense. This option applies to all expenditures made by an operator for wages, fuel, repairs, hauling... applies are, all amounts paid for labor, fuel, repairs, hauling, and supplies, or any of them, which are... themselves do not have a salvage value. For the purpose of this option, labor, fuel, repairs, hauling...

Labor Intensive or Labor Expensive? Changing Staffing and Compensation Patterns in Higher Education. Issue Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Desrochers, Donna M.; Kirshstein, Rita

2014-01-01

Skyrocketing college tuitions and trillion-dollar student loan debt have put college and university spending in the spotlight. Policymakers, parents, and students are asking why tuitions at public four-year colleges and universities have soared nearly 160 percent since 1990 and how this is affecting the higher education workforce. This report…

Karoshi Related to Labor Intensity and Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Case Report.

PubMed

Liu, Ning-guo; Wang, Tao; Huang, Pingf; Qing, Zhi-qiang; Zhang, Jian-hua; Chen, Yi-jiu

2015-10-01

Karoshi remains one of the most troublesome issues in forensic identification. It is rather a social medicine than a clinical disease. Japanese scholars pioneered examining the relation between sud- den cardiac death (SCD) and chronic fatigue from long time and/or high-tension work. In the current case, a 55-year-old man, whose job was loading and carrying heavy cement bags, was found dead after 11 days of continuous hard work. His family members sued the cement factory for his death and claimed for compensation. The problem was the difficulty of identifying the causative relation without the precedent or the relevant regulations. However, the forensic problems were finally acknowledged after autopsy and calculation of labor intensity. The lawsuit was won as the first case pertaining to Karoshi in the Chinese court.

Labor market work and home care's unpaid caregivers: a systematic review of labor force participation rates, predictors of labor market withdrawal, and hours of work.

PubMed

Lilly, Meredith B; Laporte, Audrey; Coyte, Peter C

2007-12-01

As people continue to age and receive complex health care services at home, concern has arisen about the availability of family caregivers and their ability to combine employment with caregiving. This article evaluates the international research on unpaid caregivers and their labor market choices, highlighting three conclusions: first, caregivers in general are equally as likely to be in the labor force as noncaregivers; second, caregivers are more likely to work fewer hours in the labor market than noncaregivers, particularly if their caring commitments are heavy; and finally, only those heavily involved in caregiving are significantly more likely to withdraw from the labor market than noncaregivers. Policy recommendations are targeting greater access to formal care for "intensive" caregivers and developing workplace policies for employed caregivers.

Hospital Supply Expenses: An Important Ingredient in Health Services Research.

PubMed

Abdulsalam, Yousef; Schneller, Eugene

2017-07-01

The purpose of this article is to shed light on hospital supply expenses, which form the second largest expense category after payroll and hold more promise for improving cost-efficiency compared to payroll. However, limited research has rigorously scrutinized this cost category, and it is rarely given specific consideration across cost-focused studies in health services publications. After reviewing previously cited estimates, we examine and independently validate supply expense data (collected by the American Hospital Association) for over 3,500 U.S. hospitals. We find supply expenses to make up 15% of total hospital expenses, on average, but as high as 30% or 40% in hospitals with a high case-mix index, such as surgery-intensive hospitals. Future research can use supply expense data to better understand hospital strategies that aim to manage costs, such as systemization, physician-hospital arrangements, and value-based purchasing.

Labor efficiency and intensity of land use in rice production: an example from Kalimantan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Padoch, C.

1986-09-01

The ''Boserup hypothesis'' contends that land-intensive systems of agriculture will be adopted only when high population density precludes the use of land-extensive methods. In the Kerayan District of East Kalimantan (Indonesia) the Lun Dayeh practice permanent-field rice cultivation despite very low human densities. An examination of the relative labor efficiencies of shifting and permanent-field agriculture in the Kerayan, as well as of local environmental and historical variables, explains why this ''anomalous'' situation exists. It is argued that since relative success in production of rice by shifting- and permanent-field irrigated methods depends on many natural and social conditions other than levelsmore » of population density, the ''environment-free'' Boserup hypothesis cannot adequately explain or predict the occurrence of particular forms of rice agriculture.« less

Household catastrophic medical expenses in eastern China: determinants and policy implications

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Much of research on household catastrophic medical expenses in China has focused on less developed areas and little is known about this problem in more developed areas. This study aimed to analyse the incidence and determinants of catastrophic medical expenses in eastern China. Methods Data were obtained from a health care utilization and expense survey of 11,577 households conducted in eastern China in 2008. The incidence of household catastrophic medical expenses was calculated using the method introduced by the World Health Organization. A multi-level logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants. Results The incidence of household catastrophic medical expenses in eastern China ranged from 9.24% to 24.79%. Incidence of household catastrophic medical expenses was lower if the head of household had a higher level of education, labor insurance coverage, while the incidence was higher if they lived in rural areas, had a family member with chronic diseases, had a child younger than 5 years old, had a person at home who was at least 65 years old, and had a household member who was hospitalized. Moreover, the impact of the economic level on catastrophic medical expenses was non-linear. The poorest group had a lower incidence than that of the second lowest income group and the group with the highest income had a higher incidence than that of the second highest income group. In addition, region was a significant determinant. Conclusions Reducing the incidence of household catastrophic medical expenses should be one of the priorities of health policy. It can be achieved by improving residents’ health status to reduce avoidable health services such as hospitalization. It is also important to design more targeted health insurance in order to increase financial support for such vulnerable groups as the poor, chronically ill, children, and senior populations. PMID:24308317

Information Expensiveness Perceived by Vietnamese Patients with Respect to Healthcare Provider's Choice.

PubMed

Quan-Hoang, Vuong

2016-10-01

Patients have to acquire information to support their decision on choosing a suitable healthcare provider. But in developing countries like Vietnam, accessibility issues remain an obstacle, thus adversely affect both quality and costliness of healthcare information. Vietnamese use both sources from health professionals and friends/relatives, especially when quality of the Internet-based cheaper sources appear to be still questionable. The search of information from both professionals and friends/relatives incurs some cost, which can be viewed as low or high depending low or high accessibility to the sources. These views potentially affect their choices. To investigate the effects that medical/health services information on perceived expensiveness of patients' labor costs. Two related objectives are a) establishing empirical relations between accessibility to sources and expensiveness; and, b) probabilistic trends of probabilities for perceived expensiveness. There is evidence for established relations among the variables "Convexp" and "Convrel" (all p's < 0.01), indicating that both information sources (experts and friends/relatives) have influence on patients perception of information expensiveness. The use of experts source tends to increase the probability of perceived expensiveness. a) Probabilistic trends show Vietnamese patients have propensity to value healthcare information highly and do not see it as "expensive"; b) The majority of Vietnamese households still take non-professional advices at their own risks; c) There is more for the public healthcare information system to do to reduce costliness and risk of information. The Internet-based health service users communities cannot replace this system.

Low-back pain during labor.

PubMed

Melzack, R; Schaffelberg, D

1987-04-01

Earlier studies have shown that labor pain is highly variable in intensity and spatial location. Most women feel pain predominantly in the abdominal area whereas others complain about severe back pain. In addition to the pains associated with contractions, many women report continuous low-back pain. This study used the McGill Pain Questionnaire to examine each type of pain. Women during labor also tracked their perceived pain levels at the same time that contractions were registered on cardiotachographic records. The results show that continuous low-back pain is severe and is reported by about 33% of women during labor. It is described as being qualitatively different from the pains associated with uterine contractions. The pain of contractions felt in the back is often reported as "riding on" the continuous low-back pain so that both together may reach "horrible" or "excruciating" intensities. Continuous low-back pain is probably caused by the distention and pressure on adjacent visceral and neural structures in the peritoneum, in contrast to the rhythmic pains that are clearly related to contractions of the uterus. It is possible that each of these major kinds of pain may be controlled by different anesthesiologic and psychologic procedures.

Foaming Betadine Spray as a potential agent for non-labor-intensive preoperative surgical site preparation.

PubMed

Kargupta, Roli; Hull, Garret J; Rood, Kyle D; Galloway, James; Matthews, Clinton F; Dale, Paul S; Sengupta, Shramik

2015-04-02

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report published in 2009 shows that there were about 16,000 cases of surgical site infection (SSI) following ~ 850,000 operative procedures making SSI one of the most predominant infection amongst nosocomial infections. Preoperative skin preparation is a standard procedure utilized to prevent SSIs thereby improving patient outcomes and controlling associated healthcare costs. Multiple techniques/ products have been used for pre-operative skin preparation, like 2 step scrubbing and painting, 2 step scrubbing and drying, and 1 step painting with a drying time. However, currently used products require strict, time consuming and labor-intensive protocols that involve repeated mechanical scrubbing. It can be speculated that a product requiring a more facile protocol will increase compliance, thus promoting a reduction in SSIs. Hence, the antimicrobial efficacy of a spray-on foaming formulation containing Betadine (povidone-iodine aerosol foam) that can be administered with minimum effort is compared to that of an existing formulation/technique (Wet Skin Scrub). In vitro antimicrobial activities of (a) 5% Betadine delivered in aerosolized foam, (b) Wet Skin Scrub Prep Tray and (c) liquid Betadine are tested against three clinically representative microorganisms (S. aureus, S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa,) on two surfaces (agar-gel on petri-dish and porcine skin). The log reduction/growth of the bacteria in each case is noted and ANOVA statistical analysis is used to establish the effectiveness of the antimicrobial agents, and compare their relative efficacies. With agar gel as the substrate, no growth of bacteria is observed for all the three formulations. With porcine skin as the substrate, the spray-on foam's performance was not statistically different from that of the Wet Skin Scrub Prep technique for the microorganisms tested. The povidone-iodine aerosolized foam

Effect of dance labor on the management of active phase labor pain & clients' satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial study.

PubMed

Abdolahian, Somayeh; Ghavi, Fatemeh; Abdollahifard, Sareh; Sheikhan, Fatemeh

2014-03-30

There are a wide variety of non- pharmacologic pain relief techniques for labor which include pelvic movement, upright position, back massage and partner support during the first stage of labor. The effectiveness of dance labor- which is a combination of these techniques- has not been evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dance labor in pain reduction and woman's satisfaction during the first stage of labor. 60 primiparous women aged 18-35 years old were randomly assigned to dance labor and control groups. In the dance labor group, women were instructed to do standing upright with pelvic tilt and rock their hips back and forth or around in a circle while their partner massaged their back and sacrum for a minimum of 30 minutes. In the control group, the participants received usual care during physiologic labor. Pain and satisfaction scores were measured by Visual Analogue Scale. Data were analyzed by using the t. test and Chi-square. Mean pain score in the dance labor group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The mean satisfaction score in the dance labor group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Dance labor which is a complementary treatment with low risk can reduce the intensity of pain and increase mothers, satisfaction with care during the active phase of labor.

Do women delay family formation in expensive housing markets?

PubMed Central

Clark, William A.V.

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND Recent research by demographers and economists has examined the link between living costs and fertility outcomes. The literature has provided some evidence that high rents, or high housing costs, discourage fertility. OBJECTIVE I re-examine the hypothesis that delayed fertility (age at first birth) is related to the costs of housing measured either as rents or sales prices. METHODS I use data from the American Community Survey for 2006–2008 to construct mean age at first birth for women in a sample of 25 US metropolitan areas stratified by rents and sales prices. The sales prices for those metropolitan areas were from the National Association of Realtors. I use models of both aggregate relationships of mean age at first birth and metropolitan housing cost level measures and individual analyses of mean age and measures of ethnicity, education and labor force participation. RESULTS The effect of being in an expensive housing market is a delay of first births by three to four years, after controlling for education, ethnicity and labor market participation. However, the relatively modest fit of individual models suggest that while the housing market may play a role it is also clear that there is a complex structure to the decision- making around fertility, labor force participation and housing market entry. Overall completed fertility does not appear to be changed. PMID:26702270

Travel Expenses in Connection with Tax-Deductible Education Expenses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bottiglieri, William A.; Reville, Patrick J.

2012-01-01

Trade or business expenses are deductible if they are ordinary and necessary with respect to the trade or business in which they were incurred. Treasury Regulations bring education expenses into this purview but only if they maintain or improve skills already acquired or allow a taxpayer to maintain his current position. Related travel expenses in…

Effect of Dance Labor on the Management of Active Phase Labor Pain & Clients’ Satisfaction: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study

PubMed Central

Abdolahian, Somayeh; Ghavi, Fatemeh; Abdollahifard, Sareh; Sheikhan, Fatemeh

2014-01-01

Background: There are a wide variety of non- pharmacologic pain relief techniques for labor which include pelvic movement, upright position, back massage and partner support during the first stage of labor. The effectiveness of dance labor- which is a combination of these techniques- has not been evaluated. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dance labor in pain reduction and woman’s satisfaction during the first stage of labor. Methods: 60 primiparous women aged 18-35 years old were randomly assigned to dance labor and control groups. In the dance labor group, women were instructed to do standing upright with pelvic tilt and rock their hips back and forth or around in a circle while their partner massaged their back and sacrum for a minimum of 30 minutes. In the control group, the participants received usual care during physiologic labor. Pain and satisfaction scores were measured by Visual Analogue Scale. Data were analyzed by using the t. test and Chi-square. Findings: Mean pain score in the dance labor group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The mean satisfaction score in the dance labor group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dance labor which is a complementary treatment with low risk can reduce the intensity of pain and increase mothers, satisfaction with care during the active phase of labor. PMID:24762366

[Structure of nurse labor market and determinants of hospital nurse staffing levels].

PubMed

Park, Bohyun; Seo, Sukyung; Lee, Taejin

2013-02-01

To analyze the structure of Korean nurse labor market and examine its effect on hospital nurse staffing. Secondary data were obtained from Statistics Korea, Education Statistics, and Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service and Patient Survey. Intensity of monopsony in the nurse labor market was measured by Herfindahl Hirshman Index (HHI). Hospital nurse staffing level was divided into high and low. While controlling for confounding factors such as inpatient days and severity mix of patients, effects of characteristics of nurse labor markets on nurse staffing levels were examined using multi-level logistic regressions. For characteristics of nurse labor markets, metropolitan areas had high intensity of monopsony, while the capital area had competitive labor market and the unemployed nurse rate was higher than other areas. Among hospital characteristics, bed occupancy rate was significantly associated with nurse staffing levels. Among characteristics of nurse labor markets, the effect of HHI was indeterminable. The Korean nurse labor market has different structure between the capital and other metropolitan areas. But the effect of the structure of nurse labor market on nurse staffing levels is indeterminable. Characteristics such as occupancy rate and number of beds are significantly associated with nurse staffing levels. Further study in support of the effect of nurse labor market is needed.

Relationship between behavioral indices of pain during labor pain with pain intensity and duration of delivery

PubMed Central

Asl, Bibi Marziyeh Hashemi; Golmakani, Nahid; Najafi, Alireza

2018-01-01

Background Certain behaviors can be adopted by women to cope with labor pain according to their individual characteristics, which are currently called behavioral indicators during labor pain, and include facial expressions, verbal expressions, tone of voice, body movements, degree of relaxation, and respiratory system functioning during delivery. Moreover, severity of pain and duration of labor can vary due to several factors including individual characteristics. Objective The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between behavioral indicators during labor pain, severity of pain, and delivery duration. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 120 low risk pregnant women who referred to Omolbanin (AS) Hospital in the city of Mashhad (Iran) for delivery in 2014, were selected via convenience sampling method, which was then followed by completion of demographic information forms. From cervical dilatation of 3–5 centimeters until delivery, the Labor Pain Coping Behavior Observation Form (comprised of 6 sub-groups of facial expressions, verbal expressions, tone of voice, body movements, degree of relaxation, and respiratory function and severity and duration of pain) was completed during uterine contractions and every half an hour. Using the Inventory of Labor Information; vital signs, frequency of contractions, and duration of the first and second stages of labor were measured. Furthermore, the content validity of the questionnaire was determined and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha method. Then, the data were analyzed using the SPSS version 16, through Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and Spearman’s Rank-Order Correlation, Kruskal-Wallis test, and ANOVA. Results According to the results, 16.2% of the individuals had undesirable behavioral indicators during labor pain, 50% of them were endowed with acceptable behaviors, and 33.8% of these women had desirable behaviors. The findings also revealed that the duration of the

Agricultural land use intensity and its determinants: A case study in Taibus Banner, Inner Mongolia, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hao, Haiguang; Li, Xiubin; Tan, Minghong; Zhang, Jiping; Zhang, Huiyuan

2015-06-01

Based on rural household survey data from Taibus Banner, in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, this study separately categorizes agricultural land use intensity into labor intensity, capital intensity, the intensity of labor-saving inputs, and the intensity of yield-increasing inputs, and then analyzes their determinants at the household level. The findings reveal that within the study area: (1) labor intensity is higher and capital intensity is lower than in the major grain-producing and economically developed areas of eastern and central China; (2) the most widely planted crops are those with the lowest labor intensity (oats) and capital intensity (benne); (3) there are marked differences in agricultural land use intensity among households; a major factor affecting land use decision-making is the reduced need for labor intensity for those households with high opportunity costs, such as those with income earned from non-farming activities which alleviates financial constraints and allows for increased capital intensity. As a result, these households invest more in labor-saving inputs; (4) households with a larger number of workers will allocate adequate time to manage their land and thus they will not necessarily invest more in labor-saving inputs. Those households with more land to manage tend to adopt an extensive cultivation strategy. Total income has a positive impact on capital intensity and a negative impact on labor intensity. Households that derive a higher proportion of their total income through farming are more reliant upon agriculture, which necessitates significant labor and yield-increasing inputs. Finally, the authors contend that policy makers should clearly recognize the impacts of non-farming employment on agricultural land use intensity. In order to ensure long-term food security and sustainable agricultural development in China, income streams from both farming and non-farming employment should be balanced.

Health, Enterprise, and Labor Complementarity in the Household*

PubMed Central

Adhvaryu, Achyuta; Nyshadham, Anant

2017-01-01

We study the role of household enterprise as a coping mechanism after health shocks. Using variation in the cost of traveling to formal sector health facilities to predict recovery from acute illness in Tanzania, we show that individuals with prolonged illness switch from farm labor to enterprise activity. This response occurs along both the extensive (entry) and intensive (capital stock and labor supply) margins. Family members who are not ill exhibit exactly the same pattern of responses. Deriving a simple extension to the canonical agricultural household model, we show that our results suggest complementarities in household labor. PMID:28943705

An Analysis of the Impact of Heat Waves in Labor and Crop Productivity in the Agricultural Sector in California

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castillo, F.; Wehner, M. F.; Gilless, J. K.

2017-12-01

California agriculture is an important economic activity for the state. California leads the nation in farms sales since 1950. In addition, agricultural employment in California reached approximately 410,000. Production of many fruits and vegetables is labor intensive and labor costs represent anywhere from 20% to 40% of total production costs. In additon, agricutlural production growth has been the highest for labor intensive crops such as berries (all types) and nuts. Given the importance of the agricultural sector and the labor component whithin it, the analysis of the impact of climate change on the agricultural sector of California becomes imperative. Heat waves are a weather related extreme that impact labor productivity, specially outdoor labor producitivity. We use crop production function analysis that incorporates socio economic variables such as crop prices, total acreage, production levels and harvest timiline with climate related variables such as an estimated Heat Index (HI) to analize the impact of heat waves on crop production via an impact on labor productivity for selected crops in the Central and Imperial Valleys in California. The analysis finds that the impact of heat waves varies by the degree of labor intensity of the crop and the relative intensity of the heat wave.

Gender Dimensions of Child Labor and Street Children in Brazil. Policy Research Working Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gustafsson-Wright, Emily; Pyne, Hnin Hnin

Using data from Brazil's 1996 national household survey, various dimensions of child labor were examined by gender, including participation, intensity, and type of activities; the relationships between child labor, education, and future earnings; and the risks of child labor to health and well being. Findings indicate that more boys than girls…

Information Expensiveness Perceived by Vietnamese Patients with Respect to Healthcare Provider’s Choice

PubMed Central

Quan-Hoang, Vuong

2016-01-01

Background: Patients have to acquire information to support their decision on choosing a suitable healthcare provider. But in developing countries like Vietnam, accessibility issues remain an obstacle, thus adversely affect both quality and costliness of healthcare information. Vietnamese use both sources from health professionals and friends/relatives, especially when quality of the Internet-based cheaper sources appear to be still questionable. The search of information from both professionals and friends/relatives incurs some cost, which can be viewed as low or high depending low or high accessibility to the sources. These views potentially affect their choices. Aim and Objectives: To investigate the effects that medical/health services information on perceived expensiveness of patients’ labor costs. Two related objectives are a) establishing empirical relations between accessibility to sources and expensiveness; and, b) probabilistic trends of probabilities for perceived expensiveness. Results: There is evidence for established relations among the variables “Convexp” and “Convrel” (all p’s < 0.01), indicating that both information sources (experts and friends/relatives) have influence on patients perception of information expensiveness. The use of experts source tends to increase the probability of perceived expensiveness. Conclusion: a) Probabilistic trends show Vietnamese patients have propensity to value healthcare information highly and do not see it as “expensive”; b) The majority of Vietnamese households still take non-professional advices at their own risks; c) There is more for the public healthcare information system to do to reduce costliness and risk of information. The Internet-based health service users communities cannot replace this system. PMID:28077894

Financial impact of nursing professionals staff required in an Intensive Care Unit 1

PubMed Central

de Araújo, Thamiris Ricci; Menegueti, Mayra Gonçalves; Auxiliadora-Martins, Maria; Castilho, Valéria; Chaves, Lucieli Dias Pedreschi; Laus, Ana Maria

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Objective: to calculate the cost of the average time of nursing care spent and required by patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and the financial expense for the right dimension of staff of nursing professionals. Method: a descriptive, quantitative research, using the case study method, developed in adult ICU patients. We used the workload index - Nursing Activities Score; the average care time spent and required and the amount of professionals required were calculated using equations and from these data, and from the salary composition of professionals and contractual monthly time values, calculated the cost of direct labor of nursing. Results: the monthly cost of the average quantity of available professionals was US$ 35,763.12, corresponding to 29.6 professionals, and the required staff for 24 hours of care is 42.2 nurses, with a monthly cost of US$ 50,995.44. Conclusion: the numerical gap of nursing professionals was 30% and the monthly financial expense for adaptation of the structure is US$ 15,232.32, which corresponds to an increase of 42.59% in the amounts currently paid by the institution. PMID:27878219

How International Monetary Fund and World Bank policies undermine labor power and rights.

PubMed

Lloyd, Vincent; Weissman, Robert

2002-01-01

Based on reviews of hundreds of loan and project documents from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank, this article provides detailed evidentiary support for critics who have long claimed that the international financial institutions require Third World countries to adopt policies that harm the interests of working people. After reviewing loan documents between the IMF and World Bank and 26 countries, the authors show that the institutions' loan conditionalities include a variety of provisions that undermine labor rights, labor power, and tens of millions of workers' standard of living. These include downsizing of the civil service and privatization of government-owned enterprises; promotion of labor flexibility: the notion that firms should be able to hire and fire workers, or change terms and conditions of work, with minimal regulatory restrictions; mandated wage rate reductions, minimum-wage reductions or containment, and spreading the wage gap between government employees and managers; and pension reforms, including privatization, that cut social security benefits. These labor-related policies take place in the context of broader IMF and World Bank structural adjustment packages that emphasize trade liberalization, with macroeconomic policies that further advance corporate interests at the expense of labor.

Informal Care and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence From Chinese Married Women.

PubMed

Chen, Lu; Zhao, Na; Fan, Hongli; Coyte, Peter C

2015-10-16

Data were used from the 1991-2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey to examine the influence of informal care on labor market outcomes for married women of working aged, with emphasis on caregiving intensity. After accounting for potential endogeneity between caregiving and labor force participation (LFP) through simultaneous equations modeling, caregivers who provided more than 15 or 20 hr of caregiving per week were 4.5-7.7% less likely to be LFPs. Intensive caregivers who remained working had significantly lower (4.97-7.20) weekly hours of work. The significant positive effect of informal care on LFP only existed in the rural sample, and these women also had much lower hours of work than their urban counterparts. Opportunities exist for policy interventions that target intensive caregivers in order to allow them to balance both work and caregiving. © The Author(s) 2015.

Performance of the Angle Labor Pain Questionnaire During Initiation of Epidural Analgesia in Early Active Labor.

PubMed

Angle, Pamela J; Kurtz Landy, Christine; Djordjevic, Jasmine; Barrett, Jon; Kibbe, Alanna; Sriparamananthan, Saiena; Lee, Yuna; Hamata, Lydia; Zaki, Pearl; Kiss, Alex

2016-12-01

The Angle Labor Pain Questionnaire (A-LPQ) is a new, 22-item multidimensional psychometric questionnaire that measures the 5 most important dimensions of women's childbirth pain experiences using 5 subscales: The Enormity of the Pain, Fear/Anxiety, Uterine Contraction Pain, Birthing Pain, and Back Pain/Long Haul. Previous work showed that the A-LPQ has overall good psychometric properties and performance during early active labor in women without pain relief. The current study assessed the tool's sensitivity to change during initiation of labor epidural analgesia with the standardized response mean (SRM, primary outcome). Two versions of the A-LPQ were administered once, in each of 2 test sessions, by the same trained interviewer during early active labor. The sequence of administration was randomized (ie, standard question order version [Test 1] followed by mixed version [Test 2] or vice versa). Test 1 was completed before epidural insertion; Test 2 commenced 20 to 30 minutes after the test dose. Providers assessed/treated pain independently of the study. Sensitivity to change was assessed using SRMs, Cohen's d, and paired t tests. Overall pain intensity was concurrently examined using Numeric Rating Scale and the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS); coping was assessed with the Pain Mastery Scale. Changes in pain were measured with the Patient Global Impression of Change Scale. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's α. Concurrent validity with other tools was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. A total of 51 complete datasets were analyzed. Most women reported moderate (63%, 32/51) or severe (18%, 9/51) baseline pain on VRS scores during Test 1; 29% (15/51) reported mild pain, and 6% (3/51) reported moderate pain during Test 2. Approximately 90% (46/51) of women reported much or very much improved pain at the end of testing. Cronbach's α for A-LPQ summary scores was excellent (0.94) and ranged from 0.78 (acceptable) to 0.92 (excellent) for

The Effect of Foot Reflexology on Anxiety, Pain, and Outcomes of the Labor in Primigravida Women.

PubMed

Moghimi-Hanjani, Soheila; Mehdizadeh-Tourzani, Zahra; Shoghi, Mahnaz

2015-08-01

Reflexology is a technique used widely as one of non-pharmacological pain management techniques. The present study aimed to review and determine the effect of foot reflexology on anxiety, pain and outcomes of the labor in primigravida women. This clinical trial study was conducted on 80 primigravida mothers who were divided randomly into an intervention group (Foot reflexology applied for 40 min, n=40) and control group (n=40). The pain intensity was scored immediately after the end of intervention and at 30,60 and 120 min after the intervention in both groups, based on McGill Questionnaire for Pain Rating Index (PRI). Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was completed before and after intervention in both groups. Duration of labor phases, the type of labor and Apgar scores of the infant at the first and fifth minute were recorded in both groups. Descriptive and inferential statistics methods (t-test and chi-square test) were applied in analyzing data. Application of reflexology technique decreased pain intensity (at 30, 60 and 120 min after intervention) and duration of labor as well as anxiety level significantly (P<0.001). Furthermore, a significant difference was observed between two groups in terms of the frequency distribution of the type of labor and Apgar score (P<0.001). Results of this study show that reflexology reduces labor pain intensity, duration of labor, anxiety, frequency distribution of natural delivery and increases Apgar scores. Using this non-invasive technique, obstetricians can achieve, to some extent, to one of the most important goals of midwifery as pain relief and reducing anxiety during labor and encourage the mothers to have a vaginal delivery.

77 FR 9267 - Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the Production of Goods in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the... Child Labor AGENCY: The Bureau of International Labor Affairs, United States Department of Labor. ACTION..., 2011, regarding child labor and forced labor in foreign countries. Relevant information will be used by...

78 FR 72714 - Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the Production of Goods in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-03

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the... Child Labor AGENCY: The Bureau of International Labor Affairs, United States Department of Labor. ACTION..., 2013, regarding child labor and forced labor in foreign countries. Relevant information will be used by...

Value of routine urine culture in the assessment of preterm labor.

PubMed

Hundley, Andrew F; Onderdonk, Andrew B; Greenberg, James A

2003-11-01

To assess the utility and expense of routine urine culture in women evaluated for preterm labor. A retrospective study of 1,429 patients evaluated for preterm labor over a calendar year. Patients evaluated for preterm labor were identified using the hospital's admissions database and then cross-referenced with the hospital microbiology laboratory's database to identify those who had urine cultures sent as part of their evaluation. The charts of patients with a positive urine culture were further reviewed to evaluate the diagnosis and outcome. Five hundred twelve urine cultures were sent for analysis of preterm labor, and 6 (1.2%) reported growth of > 100,000 colonies of a single bacterium. Of these 6 patients, 5 reported symptoms consistent with a urinary tract infection, while the 6th was asymptomatic. Fisher's exact test showed no clinical significance for a positive urine culture as a predictor of preterm delivery (P = .68). Sensitivity was 0.7% (95% CI, 0.0-4.3), and specificity was 98.6% (95% CI, 96.7-99.5). A cost difference of $29,676 existed between charges and reimbursements. A positive culture was not a significant risk factor for preterm delivery. The 1 patient who delivered preterm with a positive culture probably had cervical incompetence as the cause of preterm delivery. The routine use of urine cultures in the assessment of preterm labor is costly and adds little value to obtaining a diagnosis except in the presence of specific complaints at our institution. Urine culture identified a single patient with asymptomatic bacteriuria being evaluated for preterm labor, and she probably had another etiology for her advanced cervical examination.

Bt cotton and employment effects for female agricultural laborers in Pakistan.

PubMed

Kouser, Shahzad; Abedullah; Qaim, Matin

2017-01-25

The literature about economic and social impacts of Bt cotton adoption on farm households in developing countries is growing. Yet, there is still uncertainty about wider implications of this technology for rural development, including effects for landless rural laborers. Bt-related yield advantages may lead to intensified production and higher demand for labor. Building on farm survey data collected in Pakistan and using double-hurdle regression models, we analyze employment effects of Bt cotton adoption. Model estimates show that Bt adoption has increased the demand for hired labor by 55%. Manual harvesting, which is common in Pakistan, is a labor-intensive activity primarily carried out by female laborers. Accordingly, gender disaggregation shows that the employment-generating effects are particularly strong for women, who often belong to the most disadvantaged groups of rural societies. These results suggest that Bt technology can contribute to additional employment income for the poor and to more equitable rural development. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10 CFR 75.46 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Expenses. 75.46 Section 75.46 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFEGUARDS ON NUCLEAR MATERIAL-IMPLEMENTATION OF US/IAEA AGREEMENT Advanced Notification and Expenses § 75.46 Expenses. (a) Under the Safeguards Agreement, the IAEA undertakes to...

10 CFR 75.46 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses. 75.46 Section 75.46 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFEGUARDS ON NUCLEAR MATERIAL-IMPLEMENTATION OF US/IAEA AGREEMENT Advanced Notification and Expenses § 75.46 Expenses. (a) Under the Safeguards Agreement, the IAEA undertakes to...

States Eyeing Expense of Hand-Scored Tests in Light of NCLB Rules

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Archer, Jeff

2005-01-01

When students put down their pencils at the end of Connecticut's testing each year, another intensive process begins. Hundreds of trained evaluators work day and night for about a month to score the written responses. Although expensive, the use of open-ended questions drives the kind of instruction that state leaders say they want in their…

Preterm Labor

MedlinePlus

Preterm labor is labor that starts before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. It can lead to premature birth. Premature babies may face serious health risks. Symptoms of preterm labor include Contractions every 10 minutes or more often ...

Why Should We Care about Child Labor? The Education, Labor Market, and Health Consequences of Child Labor

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beegle, Kathleen; Dehejia, Rajeev; Gatti, Roberta

2009-01-01

Despite the extensive literature on the determinants of child labor, the evidence on the consequences of child labor on outcomes such as education, labor, and health is limited. We evaluate the causal effect of child labor participation among children in school on these outcomes using panel data from Vietnam and an instrumental variables strategy.…

An assessment of the feasibility of developing and implementing an automated pavement distress survey system incorporating digital image processing.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-01

The rational allocation of pavement maintenance resources requires the periodic assessment of the condition of all pavements. Traditional manual pavement distress surveys, which are based on visual inspection, are labor intensive, slow, and expensive...

47 CFR 32.6431 - Aerial wire expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Aerial wire expense. 32.6431 Section 32.6431... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6431 Aerial wire expense. This account shall include expenses associated with aerial wire. ...

47 CFR 32.6431 - Aerial wire expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Aerial wire expense. 32.6431 Section 32.6431... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6431 Aerial wire expense. This account shall include expenses associated with aerial wire. ...

47 CFR 32.6531 - Power expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Power expense. 32.6531 Section 32.6531... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6531 Power expense. This account shall include the cost of electrical power used to operate the telecommunications network. ...

47 CFR 32.6531 - Power expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Power expense. 32.6531 Section 32.6531... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6531 Power expense. This account shall include the cost of electrical power used to operate the telecommunications network. ...

47 CFR 32.6535 - Engineering expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Engineering expense. 32.6535 Section 32.6535... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6535 Engineering expense. (a) This account shall include costs incurred in the general engineering of the telecommunications plant...

47 CFR 32.6535 - Engineering expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Engineering expense. 32.6535 Section 32.6535... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6535 Engineering expense. (a) This account shall include costs incurred in the general engineering of the telecommunications plant...

47 CFR 32.6535 - Engineering expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Engineering expense. 32.6535 Section 32.6535... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6535 Engineering expense. (a) This account shall include costs incurred in the general engineering of the telecommunications plant...

47 CFR 32.6535 - Engineering expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Engineering expense. 32.6535 Section 32.6535... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6535 Engineering expense. (a) This account shall include costs incurred in the general engineering of the telecommunications plant...

47 CFR 32.6535 - Engineering expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Engineering expense. 32.6535 Section 32.6535... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6535 Engineering expense. (a) This account shall include costs incurred in the general engineering of the telecommunications plant...

47 CFR 32.6311 - Station apparatus expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Station apparatus expense. 32.6311 Section 32... apparatus expense. This account shall include expenses associated with station apparatus. Expenses associated with company internal use communication equipment shall be recorded in Account 6123, Office...

47 CFR 32.6311 - Station apparatus expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Station apparatus expense. 32.6311 Section 32... apparatus expense. This account shall include expenses associated with station apparatus. Expenses associated with company internal use communication equipment shall be recorded in Account 6123, Office...

A Prospective Randomized Trial of Postural Changes vs Passive Supine Lying during the Second Stage of Labor under Epidural Analgesia

PubMed Central

Simarro, María; Espinosa, José Angel; Salinas, Cecilia; Ojea, Ricardo; Salvadores, Paloma; Walker, Carolina; Schneider, José

2017-01-01

There exist very few studies comparing different postures or postural changes during labor in parturients with epidural analgesia. Aim: To disclose whether the intervention of a multidisciplinary nursing team including a physiotherapist during the second stage of labor improves the obstetric outcome in parturients with epidural analgesia. Design: Prospective randomized trial. Setting: University-affiliated hospital. Population: Women undergoing labor with epidural analgesia after a normal gestation. Methods: 150 women were randomized either to actively perform predefined postural changes during the passive phase of the second stage of labor under the guidance of the attending physiotherapist (study group), or to carry out the whole second stage of labor lying in the traditional supine position (control group). Results: There were significantly more eutocic deliveries (p = 0.005) and, conversely, significantly less instrumental deliveries (p < 0.05) and cesarean sections (p < 0.05) in the study group. The total duration of the second stage of labor was significantly shorter (p < 0.01) in the study group. This was at the expense of the passive phase of the second stage of labor (p < 0.01). Significantly less episiotomies were performed in the study group (31.2% vs 17.8%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The intervention of a physiotherapist during the second stage of labor significantly improved the obstetric outcome. PMID:29099021

12 CFR 360.4 - Administrative expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Administrative expenses. 360.4 Section 360.4 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY RESOLUTION AND RECEIVERSHIP RULES § 360.4 Administrative expenses. The priority for administrative expenses...

Corrosion performance tests for reinforcing steel in concrete : test procedures.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-09-01

The existing test method to assess the corrosion performance of reinforcing steel embedded in concrete, mainly : ASTM G109, is labor intensive, time consuming, slow to provide comparative results, and often expensive. : However, corrosion of reinforc...

Labor Force

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Occupational Outlook Quarterly, 2010

2010-01-01

The labor force is the number of people aged 16 or older who are either working or looking for work. It does not include active-duty military personnel or institutionalized people, such as prison inmates. Quantifying this total supply of labor is a way of determining how big the economy can get. Labor force participation rates vary significantly…

78 FR 13897 - Bureau of International Labor Affairs; Office of Trade and Labor Affairs; Labor Affairs Council...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-01

...Pursuant to Article 19.5 of the U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA), the International Labor Affairs Bureau (ILAB) of the U.S. Department of Labor gives notice of the public session of the meeting of the Labor Affairs Council (``Council'' or ``LAC''). The LAC public session will be held the morning of March 19, 2013. The purpose of the public session is to provide an opportunity for the Council to meet with the public to discuss matters related to the implementation of Chapter 19 (the Labor Chapter) of the KORUS FTA, including activities of the Labor Cooperation Mechanism established under Article 19.6 of the FTA.

47 CFR 32.6231 - Radio systems expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Radio systems expense. 32.6231 Section 32.6231... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6231 Radio systems expense. This account shall include expenses associated with radio systems. [51 FR 43499, Dec. 2, 1986, as...

47 CFR 69.156 - Marketing expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Marketing expenses. 69.156 Section 69.156... Computation of Charges for Price Cap Local Exchange Carriers § 69.156 Marketing expenses. Effective July 1, 2000, the marketing expenses formerly allocated to the common line and traffic sensitive baskets, and...

47 CFR 69.156 - Marketing expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Marketing expenses. 69.156 Section 69.156... Computation of Charges for Price Cap Local Exchange Carriers § 69.156 Marketing expenses. Effective July 1, 2000, the marketing expenses formerly allocated to the common line and traffic sensitive baskets, and...

47 CFR 69.156 - Marketing expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Marketing expenses. 69.156 Section 69.156... Computation of Charges for Price Cap Local Exchange Carriers § 69.156 Marketing expenses. Effective July 1, 2000, the marketing expenses formerly allocated to the common line and traffic sensitive baskets, and...

47 CFR 69.156 - Marketing expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Marketing expenses. 69.156 Section 69.156... Computation of Charges for Price Cap Local Exchange Carriers § 69.156 Marketing expenses. Effective July 1, 2000, the marketing expenses formerly allocated to the common line and traffic sensitive baskets, and...

47 CFR 69.156 - Marketing expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Marketing expenses. 69.156 Section 69.156... Computation of Charges for Price Cap Local Exchange Carriers § 69.156 Marketing expenses. Effective July 1, 2000, the marketing expenses formerly allocated to the common line and traffic sensitive baskets, and...

26 CFR 1.162-2 - Traveling expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Traveling expenses. 1.162-2 Section 1.162-2...) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Itemized Deductions for Individuals and Corporations § 1.162-2 Traveling expenses. (a) Traveling expenses include travel fares, meals and lodging, and expenses incident to travel...

[Demography and labor shortage. Future challenges of labor market policy].

PubMed

Fuchs, J

2013-03-01

For demographic reasons, the German labor force will decrease dramatically and it will be much older on average. However, labor demand, especially for qualified workers, is expected to remain high. This paper focuses on the possibilities of expanding the labor force by increasing the participation rates of women and older persons. Herein, the change in the labor force is decomposed with respect to population and labor participation and, moreover, the effects of higher participation rates are simulated. The decomposition and simulation scenarios are based on data published by the Institute for Employment Research. The analysis clearly reveals that the effect of a considerably higher labor participation of women and older workers will disappear over time when the working-age population shrinks more and more. In addition, individuals who are currently unemployed or out of the labor force are not skilled enough. Since it seems difficult to get more qualified workers in the short and even in the medium term, improving the conditions for women and older people to take up jobs should be tackled soon. This includes investments in education and health care.

Labor Force

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Occupational Outlook Quarterly, 2012

2012-01-01

The labor force is the number of people ages 16 or older who are either working or looking for work. It does not include active-duty military personnel or the institutionalized population, such as prison inmates. Determining the size of the labor force is a way of determining how big the economy can get. The size of the labor force depends on two…

7 CFR 27.89 - Expenses; inspection; sampling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Expenses; inspection; sampling. 27.89 Section 27.89... Micronaire § 27.89 Expenses; inspection; sampling. Expense of inspection and sampling, the preparation of the... Office, the expense of inspection, sampling, preparation of samples, and delivery of the samples to the...

7 CFR 27.89 - Expenses; inspection; sampling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses; inspection; sampling. 27.89 Section 27.89... Micronaire § 27.89 Expenses; inspection; sampling. Expense of inspection and sampling, the preparation of the... Office, the expense of inspection, sampling, preparation of samples, and delivery of the samples to the...

7 CFR 1207.341 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Budget and expenses. 1207.341 Section 1207.341... PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan Expenses and Assessments § 1207.341 Budget and expenses. (a) At... recommend a budget on a fiscal period basis of its anticipated expenses and disbursements in the...

41 CFR 302-3.507 - Once we authorize relocation expenses for new appointees or student trainees what expenses must...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... relocation expenses for new appointees or student trainees what expenses must we pay? 302-3.507 Section 302-3.507 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Travel Regulation System RELOCATION ALLOWANCES....507 Once we authorize relocation expenses for new appointees or student trainees what expenses must we...

Corrosion performance tests for reinforcing steel in concrete : technical report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-10-01

The existing test method used to assess the corrosion performance of reinforcing steel embedded in : concrete, mainly ASTM G 109, is labor intensive, time consuming, slow to provide comparative results, : and can be expensive. However, with corrosion...

20 CFR 663.210 - How are intensive services delivered?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false How are intensive services delivered? 663.210 Section 663.210 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services...

Use of an Early Labor Lounge to Promote Admission in Active Labor.

PubMed

Paul, Julie A; Yount, Susan M; Breman, Rachel Blankstein; LeClair, Melissa; Keiran, Diane M; Landry, Nannette; Dever, Kimberly

2017-03-01

Professional maternity care organizations within the United States are aligned in the goal to prevent the first cesarean birth in nulliparous women with a term, singleton, vertex fetus. Currently, one in 3 women are at risk for having a cesarean birth. The most common reason for cesarean in the United States is labor dystocia. The evidence supports delaying admission to the birthing unit until active labor is established, thereby minimizing the inadvertent diagnosis of labor dystocia. Providers are familiar with the rationale supporting delayed admission to the birthing unit until active labor is established; however, there is very little evidence on how to effectively promote this delay. Provider apprehension and the lack of early labor support are challenges to sending women home to await the onset of active labor. Maternal anxiety, fear, pain, and unpreparedness also play a part in this reluctance. To address these obstacles, South Shore Hospital created an early labor lounge with stations aimed at instilling confidence in the birth team, promoting teamwork, facilitating relaxation, and reducing anxiety for laboring women. A literature review focusing on women's perceptions of promoting admission in active labor, maternal anxiety, and nonpharmacologic strategies for managing early labor are discussed within the context of the creation, implementation, and evaluation of an early labor lounge. © 2017 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives.

7 CFR 993.34 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... Order Regulating Handling Prune Marketing Committee § 993.34 Expenses. The members of the committee, and... without compensation but shall be allowed their expenses. [30 FR 9798, Aug. 6, 1965] ...

7 CFR 993.34 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements... Order Regulating Handling Prune Marketing Committee § 993.34 Expenses. The members of the committee, and... without compensation but shall be allowed their expenses. [30 FR 9798, Aug. 6, 1965] ...

7 CFR 1220.222 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOYBEAN PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND CONSUMER INFORMATION Soybean Promotion and Research Order Expenses and Assessments § 1220.222 Expenses. (a... the Secretary, authorize a credit to Qualified State Soybean Boards of up to 5 percent of the amount...

7 CFR 1220.222 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOYBEAN PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND CONSUMER INFORMATION Soybean Promotion and Research Order Expenses and Assessments § 1220.222 Expenses. (a... the Secretary, authorize a credit to Qualified State Soybean Boards of up to 5 percent of the amount...

Induction of labor in women with a history of fast labor.

PubMed

Kenny, Tiffany H; Fenton, Bradford W; Melrose, Erica L; McCarroll, Michele L; von Gruenigen, Vivian E

2016-01-01

History of fast labor is currently subjectively defined and inductions for non-medical indications are becoming restricted. We hypothesized that women induced for a history of fast labor do not have faster previous labors and do not deliver more quickly. A retrospective case-control cohort design studied multiparas undergoing elective induction at one high risk center. Outcomes of dyads electively induced for a history of previous fast labor indication (PFast) were compared to controls with a psychosocial indication. A total of 612 elective inductions with 1074 previous deliveries were evaluated: 81 (13%) PFast and 531 (87%) control. PFast had faster previous labors (median 5.5 h, IQR: 4.5-6) versus. control (10 h, IQR: 9-10.5; p < 0.001). Subsequent delivery time from start to expulsion was shorter for PFast (median 7 h, IQR: 5-9, p < 0.001) than controls with and without a previous labor <5.5 h (8.6 h, IQR: 6-14 and 9.5 h, IQR: 7-15, respectively). PFast were less likely to have a serious maternal complication. Neonatal complications were similar. Patients induced for a history of fast labor do have faster previous labors, suggesting a significant history of fast labor can be defined as <5.5 h. These women deliver more quickly and with lower morbidity than controls when subsequently induced, therefore the benefit may warrant the risk for a select number of women with a history of a prior labor length <5.5 h.

Sonographic landmarks to differentiate "false labor" and "early true labor" as a possible new application of ultrasound in labor ward.

PubMed

Bouzid, A; Kehila, M; Trabelsi, H; Abouda, H S; Ben Hmid, R; Chanoufi, M B

2017-04-01

To evaluate discrimination of clinical parameters and ultrasound examination to differentiate "false labor" and "true labor". In a prospective study during a period of 6 months, a total of 178 patients in term (37-41 weeks) consulting our obstetric unit for uterine contraction, were enrolled. Patients were examined separately by a midwife and a resident and separated into "true labor group" and "false labor group". The clinical characteristics of true versus false labor patients were compared. ROC curves were developed to determine an optimal cervical length and uterocervical angle for prediction of true labor. The prevalence of real labor was 57.3%. Patients who were in true labor had more painful and more frequent contractions. The "true labor" group had shorter cervical length and larger uterocervical angle. The optimal CL cut-off was 1.4mm with a specificity of 73% (RR 4.3, sensibility 63%, PPV 14%, NPV 95%). The optimal UCA cut off was 123° (RR 6.7, sensitivity 50%, specificity of 83%, PPV 10%, NPV 96%). The best performance was demonstrated by combined testing, yielding LHR+ that rich 13. In this study, we reported a new application of ultrasound to identify false labor and avoid unnecessary hospitalization with obstetric and adverse economic impacts. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

7 CFR 1205.334 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COTTON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION Cotton Research and Promotion Order Expenses and Assessments § 1205.334 Expenses. (a) The Board is authorized to... maintenance and functioning and to enable it to exercise its powers and perform its duties in accordance with...

7 CFR 1250.346 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG RESEARCH AND PROMOTION Egg Research and Promotion Order Expenses and Assessments § 1250.346 Expenses. The Board is authorized to incur... maintenance and functioning and to enable it to exercise its powers and perform its duties in accordance with...

US Farm households: joint decision making and impact of health insurance on labor market outcomes.

PubMed

Bharadwaj, Latika; Findeis, Jill; Chintawar, Sachin

2013-05-29

The paper attempts to answer a very simple question: how does a farm household respond as a unit in the labor market when benefits or health insurance is tied to employer provided jobs. One of the major changes affecting US agriculture has been a decline in the number of farms and an increase in the multiple job-holding, especially among farm women to fulfill various objectives ranging from helping out with farm expenses or securing benefits like health insurance. In addition to this, the new health care law or "The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA") to be operational by 2014 requires that all individuals be covered by a health plan. Hence, it's important to understand the relationship between health insurance and labor markets to appropriately identify the impact of health policy reform for farm families.

US Farm households: joint decision making and impact of health insurance on labor market outcomes

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

The paper attempts to answer a very simple question: how does a farm household respond as a unit in the labor market when benefits or health insurance is tied to employer provided jobs. One of the major changes affecting US agriculture has been a decline in the number of farms and an increase in the multiple job-holding, especially among farm women to fulfill various objectives ranging from helping out with farm expenses or securing benefits like health insurance. In addition to this, the new health care law or “The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA”) to be operational by 2014 requires that all individuals be covered by a health plan. Hence, it’s important to understand the relationship between health insurance and labor markets to appropriately identify the impact of health policy reform for farm families. PMID:23718543

Conservative Labor Leaders Clean House: The Case of Brookwood Labor College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grabiner, Gene

1979-01-01

Actions taken during the 1928 American Federation of Labor Convention against Brookwood Labor College are examined to demonstrate the depth and extent of anti-radicalism in this period of American labor's struggle for workers' education. (MJB)

Evidence-based clinical hypnosis for obstetrics, labor and delivery, and preterm labor.

PubMed

Brown, Donald Corey; Hammond, D Corydon

2007-07-01

This paper reviews the benefits and effectiveness of hypnosis in obstetrics and labor and delivery, demonstrating significant reductions in the use of analgesics and anesthesia and in shorter Stages 1 and 2 labors. It presents empirical and theoretical rationales for use of hypnosis in preterm labor (PTL) and labor and delivery at term. The benefits of hypnosis in relation to labor length, pain levels, and the enjoyment of labor, as well as its effectiveness in preterm labor are noted in randomized controlled trials and in a meta-analysis. Risk factors are reported for preterm delivery; hypnosis significantly prolongs pregnancy. Six cases are presented of hypnosis stopping PTL a number of times and when indicated at term. A case report of successful use of hypnosis in quadruplets is presented with some scripts. Suggestions are made for further research.

28 CFR 94.22 - Categories of expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Categories of expenses. 94.22 Section 94.22 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) CRIME VICTIM SERVICES International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program Coverage § 94.22 Categories of expenses. The following...

28 CFR 94.22 - Categories of expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Categories of expenses. 94.22 Section 94.22 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) CRIME VICTIM SERVICES International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program Coverage § 94.22 Categories of expenses. The following...

28 CFR 94.22 - Categories of expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Categories of expenses. 94.22 Section 94.22 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) CRIME VICTIM SERVICES International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program Coverage § 94.22 Categories of expenses. The following...

28 CFR 94.22 - Categories of expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Categories of expenses. 94.22 Section 94.22 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) CRIME VICTIM SERVICES International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program Coverage § 94.22 Categories of expenses. The following...

28 CFR 94.22 - Categories of expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Categories of expenses. 94.22 Section 94.22 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) CRIME VICTIM SERVICES International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program Coverage § 94.22 Categories of expenses. The following...

7 CFR 1767.17 - Operating expense instructions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Accounts § 1767.17 Operating expense instructions. (a) Supervision and engineering. The supervision and engineering includible in the operating expense accounts shall consist of the salary, employee pensions and benefits, social security and other payroll taxes, injuries and damages, and other expenses of...

7 CFR 1207.341 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan Expenses and Assessments § 1207.341 Budget and expenses. (a) At... to incur such expenses for research, development, advertising, or promotion of potatoes and potato...

7 CFR 1207.341 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan Expenses and Assessments § 1207.341 Budget and expenses. (a) At... to incur such expenses for research, development, advertising, or promotion of potatoes and potato...

7 CFR 1207.341 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan Expenses and Assessments § 1207.341 Budget and expenses. (a) At... to incur such expenses for research, development, advertising, or promotion of potatoes and potato...

7 CFR 1207.341 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POTATO RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN Potato Research and Promotion Plan Expenses and Assessments § 1207.341 Budget and expenses. (a) At... to incur such expenses for research, development, advertising, or promotion of potatoes and potato...

Social Context of Work Injury Among Undocumented Day Laborers in San Francisco

PubMed Central

Walter, Nicholas; Bourgois, Philippe; Loinaz, H Margarita; Schillinger, Dean

2002-01-01

OBJECTIVE To identify ways in which undocumented day laborers' social context affects their risk for occupational injury, and to characterize the ways in which these workers' social context influences their experience of disability. DESIGN Qualitative study employing ethnographic techniques of participant-observation, supplemented by semistructured in-depth interviews. SETTINGS Street corners in San Francisco's Mission District, a homeless shelter, and a nonprofit day labor hiring hall. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-eight Mexican and Central American male day laborers, 11 of whom had been injured. PRIMARY THEMES Anxiety over the potential for work injury is omnipresent for day laborers. They work in dangerous settings, and a variety of factors such as lack of training, inadequate safety equipment, and economic pressures further increase their risk for work injury. The day laborers are isolated from family and community support, living in a local context of homelessness, competition, and violence. Injuries tend to have severe emotional, social, and economic ramifications. Day laborers frequently perceive injury as a personal failure that threatens their masculinity and their status as patriarch of the family. Their shame and disappointment at failing to fulfill culturally defined masculine responsibilities leads to intense personal stress and can break family bonds. Despite the high incidence of work injuries and prevalence of work-related health conditions, day laborers are frequently reluctant to use health services due to anxiety regarding immigration status, communication barriers, and economic pressure. IMPLICATIONS On the basis of these ethnographic data, we recommend strategies to improve ambulatory care services to day laborers in 3 areas: structural changes in ambulatory care delivery, clinical interactions with individual day laborers, and policymaking around immigration and health care issues. PMID:11929509

Efficacy of aromatherapy for reducing pain during labor: a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Tanvisut, Rajavadi; Traisrisilp, Kuntharee; Tongsong, Theera

2018-05-01

Many strategies for labor pain management have been studied, including aromatherapy, which is a noninvasive, alternative medicine used as an adjunct for labor pain control. Nevertheless, the results were contradictory. Therefore, we conducted this study to determine the effectiveness of aromatherapy for reducing pain during labor. A randomized controlled trial was carried out on Thai laboring primigravidae who were a low-risk singleton pregnancy undergoing vaginal delivery. All participants, both study and control group, received standard obstetric care. Aromatherapy was only provided to the study group during the first stage of labor. The women rated their pain intensity by rating scales at different stages of labor. The primary outcome was pain scores and the secondary outcomes were necessity of painkiller usage, labor time, aromatherapy-associated complications, route of delivery, and Apgar scores. A total of 104 women were recruited, 52 in each group. Baseline characteristics and baseline pain scores were comparable. The median pain score of latent and early active phase was lower in the aromatherapy group, 5 vs 6 and 7 vs 8, respectively. The mean differences of pain scores between latent and early active phase and the baseline were significantly lower in the aromatherapy group, 1.88 vs 2.6 (p = 0.010) and 3.82 vs 4.39 (p = 0.031), respectively. Late active phase pain scores and other perinatal outcomes were not significantly different. Aromatherapy is helpful in reducing pain in latent and early active phase, and can probably be used as an adjunctive method for labor pain control without serious side effects.

47 CFR 32.6232 - Circuit equipment expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) This subaccount 6232.1 Electronic shall include expenses associated with electronic circuit equipment... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Circuit equipment expense. 32.6232 Section 32... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6232 Circuit...

47 CFR 32.6232 - Circuit equipment expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...) This subaccount 6232.1 Electronic shall include expenses associated with electronic circuit equipment... 47 Telecommunication 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Circuit equipment expense. 32.6232 Section 32... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6232 Circuit...

47 CFR 32.6232 - Circuit equipment expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...) This subaccount 6232.1 Electronic shall include expenses associated with electronic circuit equipment... 47 Telecommunication 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Circuit equipment expense. 32.6232 Section 32... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6232 Circuit...

47 CFR 32.6232 - Circuit equipment expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) This subaccount 6232.1 Electronic shall include expenses associated with electronic circuit equipment... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Circuit equipment expense. 32.6232 Section 32... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6232 Circuit...

47 CFR 32.6232 - Circuit equipment expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) This subaccount 6232.1 Electronic shall include expenses associated with electronic circuit equipment... 47 Telecommunication 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Circuit equipment expense. 32.6232 Section 32... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6232 Circuit...

47 CFR 32.6112 - Motor vehicle expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Motor vehicle expense. 32.6112 Section 32.6112 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6112 Motor vehicle expense. (a...

20 CFR 663.200 - What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What are intensive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.200 What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers? (a) Intensive...

School-related expenses, living expenses, and income sources for graduate students in nurse anesthesia programs.

PubMed

Heikkila, Dianna

2002-02-01

Nurse anesthesia programs (NAPs) are the highest priced programs for graduate students compared with 7 other nursing master's degree programs. Not only are nurse anesthesia programs expensive, but also most students are encouraged by the policies within their individual programs to terminate full-time employment before matriculation. The purpose of this study was to determine school-related and living expenses, as well as the income and sources of income for graduate students in the second year of their NAP. To obtain the information, a student cost survey was designed and administered to participants attending NAPs across the United States during the 2001 school year. In addition, total degree costs were analyzed using a cost model assessing 4 components: educational costs, living expenses, net income foregone, and loan costs. The results showed that total degree costs incurred by graduate students in NAPs to complete their nurse anesthesia education totals $173,007. The analysis of the sources of income showed the following sources were used by respondents: guaranteed student loans; a spouse's income; agreements with future employers; stipends from universities, hospitals, and/or the military; grants; family support; and self-income. Completing a nurse anesthesia education program is expensive, although the expected return on the investment is high. Nevertheless, the expense may keep qualified graduate students from entering NAPs.

47 CFR 32.6120 - General support expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6120 General support expenses. Class B telephone companies shall use this account for expenses of the type and character required of Class A companies in Accounts 6121 through 6124. [67 FR 5695, Feb. 6, 2002] ...

47 CFR 97.527 - Reimbursement for expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Reimbursement for expenses. 97.527 Section 97... AMATEUR RADIO SERVICE Qualifying Examination Systems § 97.527 Reimbursement for expenses. VEs and VECs may be reimbursed by examinees for out-of-pocket expenses incurred in preparing, processing...

17 CFR 256.930.1 - General advertising expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false General advertising expenses... UTILITY HOLDING COMPANY ACT OF 1935 2. Expense § 256.930.1 General advertising expenses. This account shall include the cost of materials used and expenses incurred in advertising and related activities...

17 CFR 256.930.1 - General advertising expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false General advertising expenses... UTILITY HOLDING COMPANY ACT OF 1935 2. Expense § 256.930.1 General advertising expenses. This account shall include the cost of materials used and expenses incurred in advertising and related activities...

17 CFR 256.921 - Office supplies and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Office supplies and expenses... UTILITY HOLDING COMPANY ACT OF 1935 2. Expense § 256.921 Office supplies and expenses. (a) This account shall include office supplies and expenses incurred in connection with the general administration of...

Development of a pungency measuring system for red-pepper powder

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Capsaicinoids are the main components that determine the spiciness level of red-pepper powders. Current pungency measurement is mostly dependent on HPLC measurement technique, which is a sample-destructive, labor-intensive, time-consuming, and expensive method. In this research, a nondestructive on-...

Impact of mustard seed meal applications on direct-seeded cucurbits and weed control

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Weed control in organic production systems can be a labor intensive and expensive process. Mustard seed meal (MSM) is phytotoxic and a potential pre-emergent and preplant-incorporated organic herbicide for controlling germinating and emerging weed seedlings: unfortunately, MSM may also adversely imp...

The financial performance of labor and delivery units.

PubMed

von Gruenigen, Vivian E; Powell, Diane M; Sorboro, Susan; McCarroll, Michelle L; Kim, Unhee

2013-07-01

Hospitals and health care systems are already seeing the effect of health care reform with declining dollars. Hospital services, which had narrow financial margins in the past, will have further challenges. This article will review definitions, challenges, and potential financial solutions for labor and delivery units. Improving quality, efficiency, and cost requires substantial physician cooperation in the changing paradigm from physician-centric care to the transparent safety of teams. The financial contribution margin should increase the net revenue, but significant volumes are also needed. The challenge of this model for obstetrics is the slowing birth rate with the ultimate limitation for growth. Therefore, cost containment is imperative for sustainability. Standardization of hospital policies and procedures can improve quality and cost-savings with new incentive models. Examples include decreasing expensive pharmaceuticals, minimizing elective inductions of labor, and encouraging breast-feeding. As providers of health care to women, we all must engage in the triple aim of (1) improving the experience of care, (2) improving the health of populations, and (3) reducing per capita costs of health care. Although accountable care organizations presently are focused on Medicare populations for cost containment, all health care providers and institutions must be vigilant on both quality cost-effective care for sustainability, especially in obstetrics. Copyright © 2013 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

47 CFR 32.6112 - Motor vehicle expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Motor vehicle expense. 32.6112 Section 32.6112... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6112 Motor vehicle expense. (a... motor vehicles, such as chauffeurs and shuttle bus drivers. The costs of users of motor vehicles whose...

47 CFR 32.6112 - Motor vehicle expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Motor vehicle expense. 32.6112 Section 32.6112... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6112 Motor vehicle expense. (a... motor vehicles, such as chauffeurs and shuttle bus drivers. The costs of users of motor vehicles whose...

47 CFR 32.6112 - Motor vehicle expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Motor vehicle expense. 32.6112 Section 32.6112... FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6112 Motor vehicle expense. (a... motor vehicles, such as chauffeurs and shuttle bus drivers. The costs of users of motor vehicles whose...

22 CFR 401.24 - Expenses of proceedings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Expenses of proceedings. 401.24 Section 401.24 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND CANADA RULES OF PROCEDURE Applications § 401.24 Expenses of proceedings. (a) The expenses of those participating in any proceeding under this...

26 CFR 1.162-1 - Business expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Business expenses. 1.162-1 Section 1.162-1...) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Itemized Deductions for Individuals and Corporations § 1.162-1 Business expenses. (a) In general. Business expenses deductible from gross income include the ordinary and necessary...

7 CFR 1210.340 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Budget and expenses. 1210.340 Section 1210.340... PROMOTION PLAN Watermelon Research and Promotion Plan Expenses and Assessments § 1210.340 Budget and... shall prepare and recommend a budget on a fiscal period basis of its anticipated expenses and...

The role of maternal attachment in the experience of labor pain: a prospective study.

PubMed

Costa-Martins, José Manuel; Pereira, Marco; Martins, Henriqueta; Moura-Ramos, Mariana; Coelho, Rui; Tavares, Jorge

2014-04-01

To examine the influence of attachment dimensions and sociodemographic and physical predictors in the experience of labor pain. Eighty-one pregnant women were assessed during their third trimester of pregnancy and during labor. The perceived intensity of pain in the early stages of labor (3 cm of cervical dilatation) and before the administration of patient-controlled epidural analgesia was measured using a visual analog scale. Pain was also assessed indirectly based on anesthetic doses. Attachment was assessed using the Adult Attachment Scale-Revised. Attachment anxiety and avoidance were positively and significantly correlated with labor pain and anesthetic consumption. In the multivariate models, attachment anxiety was a significant predictor of higher pain at 3 cm of cervical dilatation (β = 0.36, p = .042) and before the administration of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (β = 0.51, p = .002). Older age (β = 0.31, p = .005), a shorter duration of labor (β= -0.41, p = .001), and attachment avoidance (β = 0.41, p = .004) were significant predictors of higher anesthetic use. The study findings suggest that perceived labor pain and anesthetic use are strongly associated with attachment, rather than demographic and physical factors. These data support the importance of understanding the experience of labor pain within an attachment theoretical framework.

The effect of state dependent mandate laws on the labor supply decisions of young adults.

PubMed

Depew, Briggs

2015-01-01

Prior to the Affordable Care Act, the majority of states in the U.S. had already implemented state laws that extended the age that young adults could enroll as dependents on their parent's employer-based health insurance plans. Because of the fundamental link between health insurance and employment in the U.S., such policies may effect the labor supply decisions of young adults. Although the interaction between labor supply and health insurance has been extensively studied for other subpopulations, little is known about the role of health insurance in the labor supply decisions of young adults. I use the variation from the implementation and changes in state policies that expanded dependent health insurance coverage to examine how young adults adjusted their labor supply when they were able to be covered as a dependent on their parent's plan. I find that these state mandates led to a decrease in labor supply on the intensive margin. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

29 CFR 401.7 - Labor dispute.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Labor dispute. 401.7 Section 401.7 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS MEANING OF TERMS USED IN THIS SUBCHAPTER § 401.7 Labor dispute. Labor dispute includes any controversy...

20 CFR 416.1498 - What travel expenses are reimbursable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What travel expenses are reimbursable. 416... Determinations and Decisions Payment of Certain Travel Expenses § 416.1498 What travel expenses are reimbursable. Reimbursable travel expenses include the ordinary expenses of public or private transportation as well as...

20 CFR 416.1498 - What travel expenses are reimbursable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What travel expenses are reimbursable. 416... Determinations and Decisions Payment of Certain Travel Expenses § 416.1498 What travel expenses are reimbursable. Reimbursable travel expenses include the ordinary expenses of public or private transportation as well as...

20 CFR 416.1498 - What travel expenses are reimbursable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What travel expenses are reimbursable. 416... Determinations and Decisions Payment of Certain Travel Expenses § 416.1498 What travel expenses are reimbursable. Reimbursable travel expenses include the ordinary expenses of public or private transportation as well as...

Korean Emotional Laborers' Job Stressors and Relievers: Focus on Work Conditions and Emotional Labor Properties.

PubMed

Lee, Garam

2015-12-01

The present study aims to investigate job stressors and stress relievers for Korean emotional laborers, specifically focusing on the effects of work conditions and emotional labor properties. Emotional laborers are asked to hide or distort their real emotions in their interaction with clients. They are exposed to high levels of stress in the emotional labor process, which leads to serious mental health risks including burnout, depression, and even suicide impulse. Exploring job stressors and relieving factors would be the first step in seeking alternatives to protect emotional laborers from those mental health risks. Using the third wave data of Korean Working Conditions Survey, logistic regression analysis was conducted for two purposes: to examine the relations of emotional labor and stress, and to find out job stressors and relievers for emotional laborers. The chances of stress arousal are 3.5 times higher for emotional laborers; emotional laborers experience double risk-burden for stress arousal. In addition to general job stressors, emotional laborers need to bear burdens related to emotional labor properties. The effect of social support at the workplace is not significant for stress relief, unlike common assumptions, whereas subjective satisfaction (wage satisfaction and work-life balance) is proven to have relieving effects on emotional laborers' job stress. From the results, the importance of a balanced understanding of emotional labor for establishing effective policies for emotional laborer protection is stressed.

New Labor Force Projections to 1990. Special Labor Force Report 197.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fullerton, Howard N., Jr.; Flaim, Paul O.

Prepared as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics' periodic reassessment of its projections of the future growth trends of the various sectors of the American economy, new labor force projections to 1990 are presented based on trends in labor force participation as observed through 1975 and on the most recent population projections of the U.S.…

Preterm Induction of Labor: Predictors of Vaginal Delivery and Labor Curves

PubMed Central

Feghali, Maisa; Timofeev, Julia; Huang, Chun-Chih; Driggers, Rita; Miodovnik, Menachem; Landy, Helain J.; Umans, Jason G.

2014-01-01

Objective To evaluate the labor curves of patients undergoing preterm induction of labor (IOL) and assess possible predictors of vaginal delivery (VD). Study Design Data from the NICHD Consortium on Safe Labor were analyzed. A total of 6,555 women undergoing medically-indicated IOL before 37 weeks gestational age (GA) were included in this analysis. Patients were divided into four groups based on gestational age: A: 24-27+6, B: 28-30+6, C: 31-33+6, and D: 34-36+6 weeks. Pregnant women with a contraindication to VD, IOL at or after 37 weeks and those without data from cervical exam on admission were excluded. ANOVA was used to assess differences between GA groups. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess predictors of VD. A repeated measures analysis was used to determine average labor curves. Results Rates of vaginal live births increased with GA, from 35% (Group A) to 76% (Group D). Parous women [odds ratio (OR)=6.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.38-7.21] and those with a favorable cervix at the start of IOL (OR=2.35, 95% CI 2.23-2.48) were more likely to deliver vaginally. Analysis of labor curves in nulliparous women showed shorter duration of labor with increasing GA; the active phase of labor was, however, similar across all GA. Conclusion The majority of women undergoing medically-indicated preterm IOL between 24 and 36+6 weeks’ GA deliver vaginally. The strongest predictor of VD was parity. Preterm IOL had a limited influence on estimated labor curves across gestational age. PMID:25068566

Savings needed to fund health insurance and health care expenses in retirement: findings from a simulation model.

PubMed

Fronstin, Paul; Salisbury, Dallas; VanDerhei, Jack

2008-05-01

,000 and $331,000 with prescription spending that is at the 90th percentile. Women would need between $108,000 and $184,000 with median prescription drug expenses (50th and 90th percentiles, respectively), and between $217,000 and $390,000 with prescription spending that is at the 90th percentile. The savings needed for couples would range from $194,000 at the 50th percentile to $635,000 at the 90th percentile. EMPLOYMENT-BASED BENEFITS, 2008: Among those who have employment-based retiree health benefits to supplement Medicare, but who must pay their own premiums, men would need between $102,000 and $196,000 in current savings (50th and 90th percentiles, respectively) to cover health care costs in retirement. Women would need between $137,000 and $224,000, respectively, due to their greater longevity. The savings needed for couples would range from $154,000 to $376,000. INDIVIDUALLY PURCHASED MEDICARE SUPPLEMENTS, 2018: Among those who purchase Medigap and Medicare Part D prescription drug coverage at age 65 in 2018 (currently age 55), men would need between $132,000 and $266,000 with median prescription drug expenses (50th and 90th percentiles, respectively), and between $261,000 and $555,000 with prescription spending that is at the 90th percentile. Women would need between $181,000 and S308,000 with median prescription drug expenses (50th and 90th percentiles), and between S364,000 and $654,000 with prescription spending that is at the 90th percentile. The savings needed for couples would range from $325,000 at the 50th percentile to S1,064,000 at the 90th percentile. RETIREE HEALTH MAY BE DRIVING LONGER TIME IN THE WORK FORCE: The declining availability of retiree health benefits may partly explain the rising labor force participation rate among individuals ages 55-64. Between 1996 and 2006, the labor force participation rate increased from 67 percent to 69.6 percent for men and from 49.6 percent to 58.2 percent for women.

77 FR 45520 - Reimbursed Entertainment Expenses

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-01

... or other expense allowance arrangements. The proposed regulations clarify the definition of... court's definition is inaccurate to the extent it relies on the accountable plan rules, which cover... plan. Explanation of Provisions 1. Definition of Reimbursement or Other Expense Allowance Arrangement...

Psychoprophylaxis during labor: associations with labor-related outcomes and experience of childbirth.

PubMed

Bergström, Malin; Kieler, Helle; Waldenström, Ulla

2010-06-01

To study whether use of psychoprophylaxis during labor affects course of labor and experience of childbirth in nulliparous women. Cohort study. Women were recruited from 15 antenatal clinics in Sweden between October 2005 and January 2007. A total of 857 nulliparous women with a planned vaginal delivery. Using data from a randomized controlled trial of antenatal education where the allocated groups were merged, we compared course of labor and experience of childbirth between women who used psychoprophylaxis during labor and those who did not. Data were collected by questionnaires in mid-pregnancy and three months after birth, and from the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Logistic regression was used to assess associations. Mode of delivery, augmentation of labor, length of labor, Apgar score, pain relief and experience of childbirth as measured by the Wijma Delivery Experience Questionnaire. Use of psychoprophylaxis during labor was associated with a lower risk of emergency cesarean section (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37-0.88), but an increased risk of augmentation of labor (adjusted OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.23-2.28). No statistical differences were found in length of labor (adjusted OR 1.32; 95% CI 0.95-1.83), Apgar score < 7 at five minutes (adjusted OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.33-2.01), epidural analgesia (adjusted OR 1.13; 95% CI 0.84-1.53) or fearful childbirth experience (adjusted OR 1.04; 95% CI 0.62-1.74). Psychoprophylaxis may reduce the rate of emergency cesarean section but may not affect the experience of childbirth.

Korean Emotional Laborers' Job Stressors and Relievers: Focus on Work Conditions and Emotional Labor Properties

PubMed Central

Lee, Garam

2015-01-01

Background The present study aims to investigate job stressors and stress relievers for Korean emotional laborers, specifically focusing on the effects of work conditions and emotional labor properties. Emotional laborers are asked to hide or distort their real emotions in their interaction with clients. They are exposed to high levels of stress in the emotional labor process, which leads to serious mental health risks including burnout, depression, and even suicide impulse. Exploring job stressors and relieving factors would be the first step in seeking alternatives to protect emotional laborers from those mental health risks. Methods Using the third wave data of Korean Working Conditions Survey, logistic regression analysis was conducted for two purposes: to examine the relations of emotional labor and stress, and to find out job stressors and relievers for emotional laborers. Results The chances of stress arousal are 3.5 times higher for emotional laborers; emotional laborers experience double risk-burden for stress arousal. In addition to general job stressors, emotional laborers need to bear burdens related to emotional labor properties. The effect of social support at the workplace is not significant for stress relief, unlike common assumptions, whereas subjective satisfaction (wage satisfaction and work-life balance) is proven to have relieving effects on emotional laborers' job stress. Conclusion From the results, the importance of a balanced understanding of emotional labor for establishing effective policies for emotional laborer protection is stressed. PMID:26929847

The impact of a new standard labor protocol on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

PubMed

Wang, Dingran; Ye, Shenglong; Tao, Liyuan; Wang, Yongqing

2017-12-01

To analyze the clinical outcomes following the implementation of a new standard labor procedure. This was a retrospective analysis that included a study group consisting of patients managed based on a new standard labor protocol and a control group comprising patients managed under an old standard labor protocol. The following maternal and perinatal outcomes were compared in the two groups: the indications for a cesarean section and the incidence of cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia and pediatric intervention. We also compared the average number of days spent in the hospital, the incidence of medical disputes and hospitalization expenses. The cesarean section rates for the study and control groups were 19.29% (401/2079) and 33.53% (753/2246), respectively (P < 0.05). The main indications for a cesarean section in the study group were arrest of the active phase of labor, fetal distress and intrapartum fever; the percentages of each indication were significantly different from those of the control group (P < 0.001). The rates of postpartum hemorrhage in the study group and control group were 7.74% (130/1678) and 8.1% (121/1493), respectively (P = 0.710). The incidence rates of severe perineal lacerations were 0.48% (8/1678) for the study group and 0.2% (3/1493) for the control group (P = 0.187). The rates of forceps use were 4.29% (72/1678) in the study group and 2.41% (36/1493) in the control group (P = 0.004). The incidence rate of fetal distress in the study group was 6.24% (169/2709) and 4.67% (105/2246) (P = 0.006) in the control group. No significant difference was observed in the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and pediatric interventions between the two groups (0.74% (20/2709) vs. 8.12% (220/2709) and 17 (0.76%) vs. 161 (7.17%), respectively). The average length of hospital stay was 4.74 ± 1.15 and 2.13 ± 1.23 days (P < 0.01). The incidence of medical disputes was significantly different between the

Does integrating AIDS treatment with food assistance affect labor supply? Evidence from Zambia.

PubMed

Tirivayi, Nyasha; Groot, Wim

2018-02-01

In low income settings, food assistance is increasingly becoming part of AIDS treatment and care programs with the aim of improving adherence to AIDS treatment, enhancing household food security and strengthening economic wellbeing. Yet, evidence of its economic impact is sparse. This paper uses primary data to examine the short term impact of a food assistance program on labor supply as measured by the hours worked, labor market participation rates and transitions to employment within HIV/AIDS affected households in Zambia. We find that food assistance is generally a labor supply disincentive to HIV-infected patients receiving treatment as it reduced their hours worked by up to 54%, transitions to employment by up to 70% and also reduced the labor market participation rates of male patients by 72%. Among non-infected adult family members, there were no significant effects on labor market participation. However, propensity score estimates show that food assistance generally increased the intensity of work by males regardless of the length of AIDS treatment, but for females there was a disincentive effect that disappeared when the patient had spent a longer time on AIDS treatment and was therefore healthier and less likely to be cared for. These findings suggest that food assistance can inadvertently reduce the labor supply of HIV-infected individuals, but this is compensated for by the increased labor supply among other family members. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

[Association between the intensity of childbirth pain and the intensity of postpartum blues].

PubMed

Boudou, M; Teissèdre, F; Walburg, V; Chabrol, H

2007-10-01

and affective scores of QDSA, age, and postpartum blues scores. The subjects to predictors ratio was adequate for multiple regression analysis as it was around the traditional guideline of at least ten participants per predictor [Howell DC. Statistical methods for psychology. Fourth ed. Duxbury press; 1997]. This model accounted for 31% of the variance of intensity of blues (F3,39=5.9, p=0.002). Affective dimension of pain was the only significant predictor (p=0.36, p=0.047). In another multiple regression analysis predicting intensity of depressive mood, we entered the same predictors. This model accounted for 20% of the variance of blues intensity (F3,39=3.26, p=0.03). Age was the only significant predictor (beta=-0.31, p=0.04). These results confirm our hypothesis that intensity of the childbirth pain is associated with mood disorders in the immediate postpartum. Several explications can be advanced. First, maternity blues could be a reaction to stress caused by childbirth pain. Moreover, pain can be felt as a failure for women who prepared themselves to a painless labor. Indeed, the prepared childbirth training pretends to give women the ability to overcome pain through physical and mental training. Thus, their responsibility in coping with the labor is heavy and might make them feel guilty if they fail. In addition, since "the labor itself should be experienced as a positive moment" [Chertock L. Féminité et maternité: étude clinique et expérimentale sur l'accouchement sans douleur. Paris: Desclée de Brouwer; 1996], pain might be at the origin of a great disappointment [Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 83 (2004) 57-61]. It should be noted that we used the QDSA as a measure of past pain and not as a measure of immediate pain, as Melzack recommended [Pain 1 (1975) 277-299]. According to the results of this study, our hypothesis assuming a link between the intensity of labor pain and mood disorders in early postpartum appears to be confirmed. The intensity of

47 CFR 32.6113 - Aircraft expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Aircraft expense. 32.6113 Section 32.6113 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS... account for amounts transferred to Construction and/or to other Plant Specific Operations Expense accounts...

47 CFR 32.6113 - Aircraft expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Aircraft expense. 32.6113 Section 32.6113 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS... account for amounts transferred to Construction and/or to other Plant Specific Operations Expense accounts...

20 CFR 663.200 - What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What are intensive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.200 What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers? (a...

20 CFR 663.200 - What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false What are intensive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.200 What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers? (a...

20 CFR 663.200 - What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What are intensive services for adults and..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) ADULT AND DISLOCATED WORKER ACTIVITIES UNDER TITLE I OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Intensive Services § 663.200 What are intensive services for adults and dislocated workers? (a...

Active management of labor

PubMed Central

Rogers, Rebecca G; Gardner, Michael O; Tool, Kevin J; Ainsley, Jeanne; Gilson, George

2000-01-01

Objective To compare the costs of a protocol of active management of labor with those of traditional labor management. Design Cost analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Methods From August 1992 to April 1996, we randomly allocated 405 women whose infants were delivered at the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, to an active management of labor protocol that had substantially reduced the duration of labor or a control protocol. We calculated the average cost for each delivery, using both actual costs and charges. Results The average cost for women assigned to the active management protocol was $2,480.79 compared with an average cost of $2,528.61 for women in the control group (P = 0.55). For women whose infant was delivered by cesarean section, the average cost was $4,771.54 for active management of labor and $4,468.89 for the control protocol (P = 0.16). Spontaneous vaginal deliveries cost an average of $27.00 more for actively managed patients compared with the cost for the control protocol. Conclusions The reduced duration of labor by active management did not translate into significant cost savings. Overall, an average cost saving of only $47.91, or 2%, was achieved for labors that were actively managed. This reduction in cost was due to a decrease in the rate of cesarean sections in women whose labor was actively managed and not to a decreased duration of labor. PMID:10778374

Labor length among overweight and obese women undergoing induction of labor.

PubMed

Hirshberg, Adi; Levine, Lisa D; Srinivas, Sindhu

2014-11-01

Maternal weight is thought to impact labor. With rising rates of obesity and inductions, we sought to evaluate labor times among induced women by body mass index (BMI) category. Retrospective cohort study of term inductions from 2005 to 2010. BMI categories were: normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and obese (Ob) (18.5-24.9, 25-29.9, ≥30 kg/m(2)). Kruskal-Wallis tests compared median latent labor (LL) length and active labor (AL) length. Chi-square determined associations. Multivariable logistic regression controlled for confounders. Analyses were stratified by parity. A total of 448 inductions were analyzed. For nulliparas, there was no difference in LL by BMI category (p = 0.22). However, OW nulliparas had a longer AL compared to NW and Ob nulliparas (3.2, 1.7, 2.0 h, p = 0.005). For multiparas, NW had the shortest LL (5.5 h, p = 0.025) with no difference in AL among BMI categories (p = 0.42). The overall cesarean rate was 23% with no difference by BMI category (p = 0.95). However, Ob women had a greater percentage of first stage cesareans (41%) and NW had a greater percentage of second stage cesareans (55%), p = 0.06. The association between BMI and labor length among inductions differs by phase of labor and parity. BMI also influences the stage of labor in which a cesarean occurs.

20 CFR 404.1045 - Employee expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Employee expenses. 404.1045 Section 404.1045 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Wages § 404.1045 Employee expenses. Amounts...

20 CFR 404.1045 - Employee expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Employee expenses. 404.1045 Section 404.1045 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Wages § 404.1045 Employee expenses. Amounts...

20 CFR 404.1045 - Employee expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Employee expenses. 404.1045 Section 404.1045 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Wages § 404.1045 Employee expenses. Amounts...

20 CFR 404.1045 - Employee expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Employee expenses. 404.1045 Section 404.1045 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Wages § 404.1045 Employee expenses. Amounts...

20 CFR 404.1045 - Employee expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Employee expenses. 404.1045 Section 404.1045 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Wages § 404.1045 Employee expenses. Amounts...

38 CFR 21.7103 - Travel expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Travel expenses. 21.7103...) VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND EDUCATION All Volunteer Force Educational Assistance Program (Montgomery GI Bill-Active Duty) Counseling § 21.7103 Travel expenses. (a) Travel for veterans and servicemembers. (1...

Legacy microsite effect on the survival of bitterbrush outplantings after prescribed fire: capitalizing on spatial variability to improve restoration

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Restoration of shrubs in arid and semi-arid rangelands is hampered by low success rates. Planting shrub seedlings is a method used to improve success in these rangelands; however, it is expensive and labor intensive. The efficiency of shrub restoration could be improved by identifying microsites w...

Drinking behavior in nursery pigs: Determining the accuracy between an automatic water meter versus human observers

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Assimilating accurate behavioral events over a long period can be labor intensive and relatively expensive. If an automatic device could accurately record the duration and frequency for a given behavioral event, it would be a valuable alternative to the traditional use of human observers for behavio...

47 CFR 32.6211 - Non-digital switching expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Non-digital switching expense. 32.6211 Section 32.6211 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES... Non-digital switching expense. This account shall include expenses associated with non-digital...

47 CFR 32.6211 - Non-digital switching expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Non-digital switching expense. 32.6211 Section 32.6211 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES... Non-digital switching expense. This account shall include expenses associated with non-digital...

47 CFR 69.403 - Marketing expense (Account 6610).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Marketing expense (Account 6610). 69.403 Section 69.403 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) ACCESS CHARGES Apportionment of Expenses § 69.403 Marketing expense (Account 6610). Marketing...

47 CFR 69.403 - Marketing expense (Account 6610).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Marketing expense (Account 6610). 69.403 Section 69.403 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) ACCESS CHARGES Apportionment of Expenses § 69.403 Marketing expense (Account 6610). Marketing...

47 CFR 69.403 - Marketing expense (Account 6610).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Marketing expense (Account 6610). 69.403 Section 69.403 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) ACCESS CHARGES Apportionment of Expenses § 69.403 Marketing expense (Account 6610). Marketing...

47 CFR 69.403 - Marketing expense (Account 6610).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Marketing expense (Account 6610). 69.403 Section 69.403 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) ACCESS CHARGES Apportionment of Expenses § 69.403 Marketing expense (Account 6610). Marketing...

Potential Effects of a Scenario Earthquake on the Economy of Southern California: Labor Market Exposure and Sensitivity Analysis to a Magnitude 7.8 Earthquake

USGS Publications Warehouse

Sherrouse, Benson C.; Hester, David J.; Wein, Anne M.

2008-01-01

The Multi-Hazards Demonstration Project (MHDP) is a collaboration between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and various partners from the public and private sectors and academia, meant to improve Southern California's resiliency to natural hazards (Jones and others, 2007). In support of the MHDP objectives, the ShakeOut Scenario was developed. It describes a magnitude 7.8 (M7.8) earthquake along the southernmost 300 kilometers (200 miles) of the San Andreas Fault, identified by geoscientists as a plausible event that will cause moderate to strong shaking over much of the eight-county (Imperial, Kern, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Ventura) Southern California region. This report contains an exposure and sensitivity analysis of economic Super Sectors in terms of labor and employment statistics. Exposure is measured as the absolute counts of labor market variables anticipated to experience each level of Instrumental Intensity (a proxy measure of damage). Sensitivity is the percentage of the exposure of each Super Sector to each Instrumental Intensity level. The analysis concerns the direct effect of the scenario earthquake on economic sectors and provides a baseline for the indirect and interactive analysis of an input-output model of the regional economy. The analysis is inspired by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) report that analyzed the labor market losses (exposure) of a M6.9 earthquake on the Hayward fault by overlaying geocoded labor market data on Instrumental Intensity values. The method used here is influenced by the ZIP-code-level data provided by the California Employment Development Department (CA EDD), which requires the assignment of Instrumental Intensities to ZIP codes. The ZIP-code-level labor market data includes the number of business establishments, employees, and quarterly payroll categorized by the North American Industry Classification System. According to the analysis results, nearly 225,000 business

Preterm induction of labor: predictors of vaginal delivery and labor curves.

PubMed

Feghali, Maisa; Timofeev, Julia; Huang, Chun-Chih; Driggers, Rita; Miodovnik, Menachem; Landy, Helain J; Umans, Jason G

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the labor curves of patients who undergo preterm induction of labor (IOL) and to assess possible predictors of vaginal delivery (VD). Data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Consortium on Safe Labor were analyzed. A total of 6555 women who underwent medically indicated IOL at <37 weeks of gestation were included in this analysis. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on gestational age (GA): group A, 24-27+6 weeks; B, 28-30+6 weeks; C, 31-33+6 weeks; and D, 34-36+6 weeks. Pregnant women with a contraindication to VD, IOL ≥37 weeks of gestation, and without data from cervical examination on admission were excluded. Analysis of variance was used to assess differences between GA groups. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess predictors of VD. A repeated measures analysis was used to determine average labor curves. Rates of vaginal live births increased with GA, from 35% (group A) to 76% (group D). Parous women (odds ratio, 6.78; 95% confidence interval, 6.38-7.21) and those with a favorable cervix at the start of IOL (odds ratio, 2.35; 95% confidence interval, 2.23-2.48) were more likely to deliver vaginally. Analysis of labor curves in nulliparous women showed shorter duration of labor with increasing GA; the active phase of labor was, however, similar across all GAs. Most women who undergo medically indicated preterm IOL between 24 and 36+6 weeks of gestation deliver vaginally. The strongest predictor of VD was parity. Preterm IOL had a limited influence on estimated labor curves across GAs. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Labor Certifications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaye, Allen E.

1978-01-01

The U.S. Immigration and Nationality Act requires that those aliens who wish to obtain U.S. immigrant visas and who intend to be permanently employed here to obtain a certification from the U.S. Secretary of Labor. Certain aliens are exempt from this requirement. Those not exempt must follow the labor certification process. (NQ)

Responding to a Changing Labor Market: The Challenges for Community-Based Organizations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Plastrik, Peter

Changes in the labor market and rising expectations of employers, government, and job seekers are putting enormous pressure on non-profit, community based organizations (CBOs) in the field of work force development. Providing intensive services for hard-to-serve populations costs more than serving clients who are more "job ready," yet increased…

38 CFR 21.3105 - Travel expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Travel expenses. 21.3105...) VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND EDUCATION Survivors' and Dependents' Educational Assistance Under 38 U.S.C. Chapter 35 Counseling § 21.3105 Travel expenses. (a) General. VA shall determine and pay the necessary...

47 CFR 32.6212 - Digital electronic switching expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... with digital electronic switching equipment used to provide circuit switching. (c) This subaccount 6212... 47 Telecommunication 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Digital electronic switching expense. 32.6212... Digital electronic switching expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with digital...

47 CFR 32.6212 - Digital electronic switching expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... with digital electronic switching equipment used to provide circuit switching. (c) This subaccount 6212... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Digital electronic switching expense. 32.6212... Digital electronic switching expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with digital...

47 CFR 32.6212 - Digital electronic switching expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... with digital electronic switching equipment used to provide circuit switching. (c) This subaccount 6212... 47 Telecommunication 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Digital electronic switching expense. 32.6212... Digital electronic switching expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with digital...

47 CFR 32.6212 - Digital electronic switching expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... with digital electronic switching equipment used to provide circuit switching. (c) This subaccount 6212... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Digital electronic switching expense. 32.6212... Digital electronic switching expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with digital...

47 CFR 32.6212 - Digital electronic switching expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... with digital electronic switching equipment used to provide circuit switching. (c) This subaccount 6212... 47 Telecommunication 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Digital electronic switching expense. 32.6212... Digital electronic switching expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with digital...

47 CFR 32.6341 - Large private branch exchange expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Large private branch exchange expense. 32.6341... Large private branch exchange expense. This account shall include expenses associated with large private branch exchanges. Expenses associated with company internal use communication equipment shall be recorded...

20 CFR 405.901 - Reimbursement of certain travel expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reimbursement of certain travel expenses. 405... FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Payment of Certain Travel Expenses § 405.901 Reimbursement of certain travel expenses. When you file a disability claim, you may incur certain travel expenses...

47 CFR 32.6310 - Information origination/termination expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6310 Information origination/termination expenses. Class B telephone companies shall use this account for expenses of the type and character required of Class A telephone companies in Accounts 6311...

12 CFR 995.8 - Non-administrative expenses; assessments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 995.8 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE BOARD NON-BANK SYSTEM ENTITIES FINANCING CORPORATION OPERATIONS § 995.8 Non-administrative expenses; assessments. (a) Interest expenses. The Financing...-administrative expenses of the Financing Corporation approved under § 995.6, the Financing Corporation shall...

38 CFR 21.5103 - Travel expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Travel expenses. 21.5103...) VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND EDUCATION Post-Vietnam Era Veterans' Educational Assistance Under 38 U.S.C. Chapter 32 Counseling § 21.5103 Travel expenses. (a) General. VA shall determine and pay the necessary...

7 CFR 1767.31 - Administrative and general expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., shall be included in Account 930.2, Miscellaneous General Expenses. Items 1. Automobile service... injuries. (See Note A.) 8. Cost of safety, accident prevention, and similar educational activities. Note A: Payments to or in behalf of employees for accident or death benefits, hospital expenses, medical expenses...

48 CFR 1631.203-72 - Home office expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Home office expense. 1631... PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES Contracts With Commercial Organizations 1631.203-72 Home office expense. A carrier's practices for allocating home office expenses to the segments of the carrier will be acceptable...

48 CFR 1631.203-72 - Home office expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Home office expense. 1631... PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES Contracts With Commercial Organizations 1631.203-72 Home office expense. A carrier's practices for allocating home office expenses to the segments of the carrier will be acceptable...

48 CFR 1631.203-72 - Home office expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Home office expense. 1631... PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES Contracts With Commercial Organizations 1631.203-72 Home office expense. A carrier's practices for allocating home office expenses to the segments of the carrier will be acceptable...

48 CFR 1631.203-72 - Home office expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Home office expense. 1631... PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES Contracts With Commercial Organizations 1631.203-72 Home office expense. A carrier's practices for allocating home office expenses to the segments of the carrier will be acceptable...

48 CFR 1631.203-72 - Home office expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Home office expense. 1631... PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES Contracts With Commercial Organizations 1631.203-72 Home office expense. A carrier's practices for allocating home office expenses to the segments of the carrier will be acceptable...

47 CFR 32.6426 - Intrabuilding network cable expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Intrabuilding network cable expense. 32.6426... Intrabuilding network cable expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with intrabuilding network cable. (b) Subsidiary record categories shall be maintained as provided in § 32.2426(a) of subpart...

47 CFR 32.6426 - Intrabuilding network cable expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Intrabuilding network cable expense. 32.6426... Intrabuilding network cable expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with intrabuilding network cable. (b) Subsidiary record categories shall be maintained as provided in § 32.2426(a) of subpart...

29 CFR 401.9 - Labor organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Labor organization. 401.9 Section 401.9 Labor Regulations... MEANING OF TERMS USED IN THIS SUBCHAPTER § 401.9 Labor organization. Labor organization means a labor organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce and includes any organization of any kind, any agency...

29 CFR 401.13 - Labor relations consultant.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Labor relations consultant. 401.13 Section 401.13 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS MEANING OF TERMS USED IN THIS SUBCHAPTER § 401.13 Labor relations consultant. Labor relations...

22 CFR 11.8 - Travel expenses of candidates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Travel expenses of candidates. 11.8 Section 11... Travel expenses of candidates. The travel and other personal expenses of candidates incurred in... Department may issue round-trip invitational travel orders to bring candidates to Washington at Government...

47 CFR 32.6560 - Depreciation and amortization expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6560 Depreciation and amortization expenses. Class B telephone companies shall use this account for expenses of the type and character required of Class A companies in Accounts 6561 through 6565. [69 FR 53652, Sept. 2...

47 CFR 32.6210 - Central office switching expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6210 Central office switching expenses. Class B telephone companies shall use this account for expenses of the type and character required of Class A companies in Accounts 6211 through 6212. [67 FR 5695, Feb. 6...

47 CFR 32.6230 - Central office transmission expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6230 Central office transmission expense. Class B telephone companies shall use this account for expenses of the type and character required of Class A companies in Accounts 6231 and 6232. [67 FR 5695, Feb. 6...

29 CFR 500.41 - Farm labor contractor is responsible for actions of his farm labor contractor employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., prior to such employee's engagement in any activity enumerated in section 3(6) of the Act. A farm labor... farm labor contractor employee. 500.41 Section 500.41 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued... PROTECTION Registration of Farm Labor Contractors and Employees of Farm Labor Contractors Engaged in Farm...

29 CFR 500.41 - Farm labor contractor is responsible for actions of his farm labor contractor employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., prior to such employee's engagement in any activity enumerated in section 3(6) of the Act. A farm labor... farm labor contractor employee. 500.41 Section 500.41 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued... PROTECTION Registration of Farm Labor Contractors and Employees of Farm Labor Contractors Engaged in Farm...

How to Tell When Labor Begins

MedlinePlus

... labor? • How can I tell the difference between true labor and false labor? What happens when labor ... Your uterus may contract off and on before “true” labor begins. These irregular contractions are called false ...

Printing Space: Using 3D Printing of Digital Terrain Models in Geosciences Education and Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horowitz, Seth S.; Schultz, Peter H.

2014-01-01

Data visualization is a core component of every scientific project; however, generation of physical models previously depended on expensive or labor-intensive molding, sculpting, or laser sintering techniques. Physical models have the advantage of providing not only visual but also tactile modes of inspection, thereby allowing easier visual…

26 CFR 1.162-1 - Business expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... included in business expenses are management expenses, commissions (but see section 263 and the regulations... from such business. In the case of any sports program to which section 114 (relating to sports programs...

26 CFR 1.162-1 - Business expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... included in business expenses are management expenses, commissions (but see section 263 and the regulations... from such business. In the case of any sports program to which section 114 (relating to sports programs...

26 CFR 1.162-1 - Business expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... included in business expenses are management expenses, commissions (but see section 263 and the regulations... from such business. In the case of any sports program to which section 114 (relating to sports programs...

26 CFR 1.162-1 - Business expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... included in business expenses are management expenses, commissions (but see section 263 and the regulations... from such business. In the case of any sports program to which section 114 (relating to sports programs...

20 CFR 404.999c - What travel expenses are reimbursable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What travel expenses are reimbursable. 404... and Decisions Payment of Certain Travel Expenses § 404.999c What travel expenses are reimbursable. Reimbursable travel expenses include the ordinary expenses of public or private transportation as well as...

20 CFR 404.999c - What travel expenses are reimbursable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What travel expenses are reimbursable. 404... and Decisions Payment of Certain Travel Expenses § 404.999c What travel expenses are reimbursable. Reimbursable travel expenses include the ordinary expenses of public or private transportation as well as...

Labor Economists Get Their Microscope: Big Data and Labor Market Analysis.

PubMed

Horton, John J; Tambe, Prasanna

2015-09-01

This article describes how the fine-grained data being collected by Internet labor market intermediaries, such as employment websites, online labor markets, and knowledge discussion boards, are providing new research opportunities and directions for the empirical analysis of labor market activity. After discussing these data sources, we examine some of the research opportunities they have created, highlight some examples of existing work that already use these new data sources, and enumerate the challenges associated with the use of these corporate data sources.

Advances in labor analgesia

PubMed Central

Wong, Cynthia A

2010-01-01

The pain of childbirth is arguably the most severe pain most women will endure in their lifetimes. The pain of the early first stage of labor arises from dilation of the lower uterine segment and cervix. Pain from the late first stage and second stage of labor arises from descent of the fetus in the birth canal, resulting in distension and tearing of tissues in the vagina and perineum. An array of regional nerve blocks, systemic analgesic, and nonpharmacologic techniques are currently used for labor analgesia. Nonpharmacologic methods are commonly used, but the effectiveness of these techniques generally lacks rigorous scientific study. Continuous labor support has been shown to decrease the use of pharmacologic analgesia and shorten labor. Intradermal water injections decrease back labor pain. Neuraxial labor analgesia (most commonly epidural or combined spinal-epidural) is the most effective method of pain relief during childbirth, and the only method that provides complete analgesia without maternal or fetal sedation. Current techniques commonly combine a low dose of local anesthetic (bupivacaine or ropivacaine) with a lipid soluble opioid (fentanyl or sufentanil). Neuraxial analgesia does not increase the rate of cesarean delivery compared to systemic opioid analgesia; however, dense neuraxial analgesia may increase the risk of instrumental vaginal delivery. PMID:21072284

29 CFR 25.7 - Fees; cost; expenses; decisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... limited to per diem, travel expenses and services on a time-worked basis. (e) Upon request, the Secretary... ORDER 10988 § 25.7 Fees; cost; expenses; decisions. (a) Arbitrator's fees, per diem and travel expenses.... Travel and per diem should be paid at the maximum rate payable to Government employees under the...

29 CFR 25.7 - Fees; cost; expenses; decisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... limited to per diem, travel expenses and services on a time-worked basis. (e) Upon request, the Secretary... ORDER 10988 § 25.7 Fees; cost; expenses; decisions. (a) Arbitrator's fees, per diem and travel expenses.... Travel and per diem should be paid at the maximum rate payable to Government employees under the...

[Active management of labor].

PubMed

Ruiz Ortiz, E; Villalobos Román, M; Flores Murrieta, G; Sotomayor Alvarado, L

1991-01-01

Eighty three primigravidae patients at the end of latency labor, erased cervix, 3 cm dilation, vertex presentation and adequate pelvis, were studied. Two groups were formed: 53 patients in the study group, who received active management of labor, and 30 patients in the control group, treated in the traditional way. In all the patients a graphic recording of labor, was carried out; it included all the events, and as labor advanced, a signoidal curve of cervical dilatation, was registered, as well as the hyperbolic one for presentation descent. The study group received the method in a systematized manner, as follows: 1. Peridular block. 2. Amniotomy. 3. IV oxytocin one hour after amniotomy. 4. FCR monitoring. 5. Detection of dystocia origin. Materno-fetal morbidity was registered in both groups, as well as cesarean section rate, instrumental delivery and its indications, labor duration, and time of stay in labor room. Diminution of above intems and opportune detection of dystocia, were determined. It was concluded that a constructive action plan, starting at hospital admission in most healthy women, allows a normal delivery of brief duration.

Process Improvement to Enhance Quality in a Large Volume Labor and Birth Unit.

PubMed

Bell, Ashley M; Bohannon, Jessica; Porthouse, Lisa; Thompson, Heather; Vago, Tony

The goal of the perinatal team at Mercy Hospital St. Louis is to provide a quality patient experience during labor and birth. After the move to a new labor and birth unit in 2013, the team recognized many of the routines and practices needed to be modified based on different demands. The Lean process was used to plan and implement required changes. This technique was chosen because it is based on feedback from clinicians, teamwork, strategizing, and immediate evaluation and implementation of common sense solutions. Through rapid improvement events, presence of leaders in the work environment, and daily huddles, team member engagement and communication were enhanced. The process allowed for team members to offer ideas, test these ideas, and evaluate results, all within a rapid time frame. For 9 months, frontline clinicians met monthly for a weeklong rapid improvement event to create better experiences for childbearing women and those who provide their care, using Lean concepts. At the end of each week, an implementation plan and metrics were developed to help ensure sustainment. The issues that were the focus of these process improvements included on-time initiation of scheduled cases such as induction of labor and cesarean birth, timely and efficient assessment and triage disposition, postanesthesia care and immediate newborn care completed within approximately 2 hours, transfer from the labor unit to the mother baby unit, and emergency transfers to the main operating room and intensive care unit. On-time case initiation for labor induction and cesarean birth improved, length of stay in obstetric triage decreased, postanesthesia recovery care was reorganized to be completed within the expected 2-hour standard time frame, and emergency transfers to the main hospital operating room and intensive care units were standardized and enhanced for efficiency and safety. Participants were pleased with the process improvements and quality outcomes. Working together as a team

29 CFR 452.130 - Expenses of delegates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1959 Election Procedures; Rights of Members § 452.130 Expenses of delegates. A local may elect two groups—one which would receive expenses while the other would be required to pay its own way...

An Economic Model of U.S. Airline Operating Expenses

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harris, Franklin D.

2005-01-01

This report presents a new economic model of operating expenses for 67 airlines. The model is based on data that the airlines reported to the United States Department of Transportation in 1999. The model incorporates expense-estimating equations that capture direct and indirect expenses of both passenger and cargo airlines. The variables and business factors included in the equations are detailed enough to calculate expenses at the flight equipment reporting level. Total operating expenses for a given airline are then obtained by summation over all aircraft operated by the airline. The model's accuracy is demonstrated by correlation with the DOT Form 41 data from which it was derived. Passenger airlines are more accurately modeled than cargo airlines. An appendix presents a concise summary of the expense estimating equations with explanatory notes. The equations include many operational and aircraft variables, which accommodate any changes that airline and aircraft manufacturers might make to lower expenses in the future. In 1999, total operating expenses of the 67 airlines included in this study amounted to slightly over $100.5 billion. The economic model reported herein estimates $109.3 billion.

Statistical Emulator for Expensive Classification Simulators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ross, Jerret; Samareh, Jamshid A.

2016-01-01

Expensive simulators prevent any kind of meaningful analysis to be performed on the phenomena they model. To get around this problem the concept of using a statistical emulator as a surrogate representation of the simulator was introduced in the 1980's. Presently, simulators have become more and more complex and as a result running a single example on these simulators is very expensive and can take days to weeks or even months. Many new techniques have been introduced, termed criteria, which sequentially select the next best (most informative to the emulator) point that should be run on the simulator. These criteria methods allow for the creation of an emulator with only a small number of simulator runs. We follow and extend this framework to expensive classification simulators.

Identification of first-stage labor arrest by electromyography in term nulliparous women after induction of labor.

PubMed

Vasak, Blanka; Graatsma, Elisabeth M; Hekman-Drost, Elske; Eijkemans, Marinus J; Schagen van Leeuwen, Jules H; Visser, Gerard H A; Jacod, Benoit C

2017-07-01

Worldwide induction and cesarean delivery rates have increased rapidly, with consequences for subsequent pregnancies. The majority of intrapartum cesarean deliveries are performed for failure to progress, typically in nulliparous women at term. Current uterine registration techniques fail to identify inefficient contractions leading to first-stage labor arrest. An alternative technique, uterine electromyography has been shown to identify inefficient contractions leading to first-stage arrest of labor in nulliparous women with spontaneous onset of labor at term. The objective of this study was to determine whether this finding can be reproduced in induction of labor. Uterine activity was measured in 141 nulliparous women with singleton term pregnancies and a fetus in cephalic position during induced labor. Electrical activity of the myometrium during contractions was characterized by its power density spectrum. No significant differences were found in contraction characteristics between women with induced labor delivering vaginally with or without oxytocin and women with arrested labor with subsequent cesarean delivery. Uterine electromyography shows no correlation with progression of labor in induced labor, which is in contrast to spontaneous labor. © 2017 Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Medical Spending Differences in the United States and Canada: The Role of Prices, Procedures, and Administrative Expenses

PubMed Central

Pozen, Alexis; Cutler, David M.

2011-01-01

The United States far outspends Canada on health care, but the sources of additional spending are unclear. We evaluated the importance of incomes, administration, and medical interventions in this difference. Pooling various sources, we calculated medical personnel incomes, administrative expenses, and procedure volume and intensity for the United States and Canada. We found that Canada spent $1,589 per capita less on physicians and hospitals in 2002. Administration accounted for the largest share of this difference (39%), followed by incomes (31%), and more intensive provision of medical services (14%). Whether this additional spending is wasteful or warranted is unknown. PMID:20812461

47 CFR 32.6532 - Network administration expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Network administration expense. 32.6532 Section 32.6532 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES... Network administration expense. This account shall include costs incurred in network administration. This...

47 CFR 32.6532 - Network administration expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Network administration expense. 32.6532 Section 32.6532 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES... Network administration expense. This account shall include costs incurred in network administration. This...

47 CFR 32.6110 - Network support expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Network support expenses. 32.6110 Section 32.6110 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6110 Network...

47 CFR 32.6530 - Network operations expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Network operations expense. 32.6530 Section 32.6530 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6530 Network...

47 CFR 32.6110 - Network support expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Network support expenses. 32.6110 Section 32.6110 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6110 Network...

47 CFR 32.6530 - Network operations expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Network operations expense. 32.6530 Section 32.6530 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6530 Network...

47 CFR 36.379 - Message processing expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... JURISDICTIONAL SEPARATIONS PROCEDURES; STANDARD PROCEDURES FOR SEPARATING TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROPERTY COSTS... Customer Operations Expenses § 36.379 Message processing expense. (a) This classification includes the... exchange operation. (1) Effective July 1, 2001 through June 30, 2011, study areas subject to price cap...

Child Labor Requirements in Nonagricultural Occupations under the Fair Labor Standards Act. Child Labor Bulletin No. 101.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Employment Standards Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. Wage and Hour Div.

This booklet is a guide to the provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (also known as the Wage-Hour Law) which apply to minors employed in nonagricultural occupations. The content is as follows: coverage of the child labor provisions (covers employees in commerce, the production of goods for commerce, an enterprise engaged in commerce, and an…

The Relationship between High Labor-Management Conflict and Turnover of Key School District Personnel.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caldwell, William E.; Sites, Woodrow H.

Beginning with a review of recent literature on social conflict, this study adopts Coser's distinction between realistic conflict, which seeks to balance both sides of a disagreement, and nonrealistic conflict, which seeks domination by only one party. Where nonrealistic conflict develops in intense labor-management disputes in public school…

7 CFR 1214.50 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION ORDER Christmas Tree Promotion, Research, and Information Order Expenses and... summary of anticipated revenue, with comparative data or at least one preceding year, except for the... and administrative expense breakdowns, with comparative data for at least one preceding year, except...

7 CFR 1214.50 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION ORDER Christmas Tree Promotion, Research, and Information Order Expenses and... summary of anticipated revenue, with comparative data or at least one preceding year, except for the... and administrative expense breakdowns, with comparative data for at least one preceding year, except...

7 CFR 1214.50 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION ORDER Christmas Tree Promotion, Research, and Information Order Expenses and... summary of anticipated revenue, with comparative data or at least one preceding year, except for the... and administrative expense breakdowns, with comparative data for at least one preceding year, except...

How streamlining telecommunications can cut IT expense.

PubMed

McIntyre, Greg

2016-02-01

Hospitals and health systems can save IT expenses by implementing more efficient processes in accordance with the principles of effective telecommunications expense management. This approach involves three primary steps: Inventory of existing infrastructure. Charge verification. Optimization of rates and design for continual improvement.

Labor relations and labor costs in the airline industry : contemporary issues

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1992-05-01

Labor-management relations in the airline industry evolved largely in the context of government regulation up to 1978, driven heavily by the implications of the Railway Labor Act. The Aieline Deregulation Act of 1978 brought in a new era in airline l...

47 CFR 69.405 - Published directory expenses in Account 6620.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Published directory expenses in Account 6620... SERVICES (CONTINUED) ACCESS CHARGES Apportionment of Expenses § 69.405 Published directory expenses in Account 6620. Published Directory expenses shall be assigned to the Information element. ...

Outcomes of Nulliparous Women with Spontaneous Labor Onset Admitted to Hospitals in Pre-active versus Active Labor

PubMed Central

NEAL, Jeremy L.; LAMP, Jane M.; BUCK, Jacalyn S.; LOWE, Nancy K.; GILLESPIE, Shannon L.; RYAN, Sharon L.

2014-01-01

Introduction The timing of when a woman is admitted to the hospital for labor care following spontaneous contraction onset may be among the most important decisions that labor attendants make as it can influence care patterns and birth outcomes. The aims of this study were to estimate the percentage of low-risk, nulliparous women at term who are admitted to labor units prior to active labor and to evaluate the effects of the timing of admission (i.e., pre-active versus active labor) on labor interventions and mode of birth. Methods Obstetrics data from low-risk, nulliparous women with spontaneous labor onset at term gestation (N = 216) were merged from two prospective studies conducted at three large, Midwestern hospitals. Baseline characteristics, labor interventions, and outcomes were compared between groups using Fisher’s exact and Mann-Whitney U tests, as appropriate. Likelihoods for oxytocin augmentation, amniotomy, and cesarean delivery were assessed by logistic regression. Results Of the sample of 216 low-risk nulliparous women, 114 (52.8%) were admitted in pre-active labor and 102 (47.2%) were admitted in active labor. Women admitted in pre-active labor were more likely to undergo oxytocin augmentation (84.2% and 45.1%, respectively; odds ratio (OR) 6.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.43–12.27) but not amniotomy (55.3% and 61.8%, respectively; OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.44–1.32) when compared to women admitted in active labor. The likelihood of cesarean delivery was higher for women admitted before active labor onset (15.8% and 6.9%, respectively; OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.02–6.37). Discussion Many low-risk nulliparous women with regular, spontaneous uterine contractions are admitted to labor units before active labor onset, which increases their likelihood of receiving oxytocin and being delivered via cesarean section. An evidence-based, standardized approach for labor admission decision-making is recommended to decrease inadvertent admissions of women in pre

Labor pain management other than neuraxial: what do we know and where do we go next?

PubMed

Rooks, Judith P

2012-12-01

Analgesia and coping with labor pain can prevent suffering during childbirth. Nonpharmacologic methods help women manage labor pain. Strong evidence is available for the efficacy of continuous one-to-one support from a woman trained to provide nonmedical care during labor, immersion in warm water during first-stage labor, and sterile water injected intracutaneously or subcutaneously at locations near a woman's lumbosacral spine to reduce back-labor pain. Sterile water injections also reduce the incidence of cesarean deliveries. Nitrous oxide labor analgesia is not potent, but helps women relax, gives them a sense of control, and reduces and distracts their perception of pain. It is inexpensive; can be administered and discontinued safely, simply, and quickly; has no adverse effects on the normal physiology and progress of labor; and does not require intensive monitoring or co-interventions. Parenteral opioids provide mild-to-moderate labor pain relief, but cause side effects. Although observational studies have found associations between maternal use of opioids and neonatal complications, little higher level evidence is available except that meperidine is associated with low Apgar scores. Patient-controlled intravenous administration of remifentanil provides better analgesia and satisfaction than other opioids, but can cause severe side effects; continuous monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation, anesthesia supervision, one-to-one nursing, and availability of oxygen are recommended. The demand for inexpensive, simple, safe but effective labor pain management for women will undoubtedly increase in places that lack wide access to it now. © 2012, Copyright the Author Journal compilation © 2012, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

48 CFR 222.101 - Labor relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor relations. 222.101... OF DEFENSE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 222.101 Labor relations. ...

48 CFR 3022.101 - Labor relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor relations. 3022.101... ACQUISITION REGULATION (HSAR) SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 3022.101 Labor relations. ...

45 CFR 1222.5 - Advisory group expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Advisory group expenses. 1222.5 Section 1222.5... SERVICE PARTICIPATION OF PROJECT BENEFICIARIES § 1222.5 Advisory group expenses. As permitted by law... group in connection with its responsibilities under § 1222.4. ...

45 CFR 1222.5 - Advisory group expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Advisory group expenses. 1222.5 Section 1222.5... SERVICE PARTICIPATION OF PROJECT BENEFICIARIES § 1222.5 Advisory group expenses. As permitted by law... group in connection with its responsibilities under § 1222.4. ...

45 CFR 1222.5 - Advisory group expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Advisory group expenses. 1222.5 Section 1222.5... SERVICE PARTICIPATION OF PROJECT BENEFICIARIES § 1222.5 Advisory group expenses. As permitted by law... group in connection with its responsibilities under § 1222.4. ...

45 CFR 1222.5 - Advisory group expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Advisory group expenses. 1222.5 Section 1222.5... SERVICE PARTICIPATION OF PROJECT BENEFICIARIES § 1222.5 Advisory group expenses. As permitted by law... group in connection with its responsibilities under § 1222.4. ...

[Risk factors for preterm labor].

PubMed

Rodrigues, T; Barros, H

1998-10-01

Most studies investigating preterm risk factors include medically induced preterm labor due to fetal or maternal complications and do not distinguish preterm labor from preterm premature rupture of membranes. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the proportion of the three types of preterm birth and identify risk factors for spontaneous preterm labor in a sample of pregnant women who delivered at two level III units. From January to October 1996, we interviewed 385 women with live preterm newborns and, as controls, 357 mothers of term newborns. Preterm births were classified as preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes and iathrogenic preterm. Independent associations between maternal sociodemographic, constitutional, nutritional and obstetric characteristics and preterm labor were identified using logistic regression analysis. In this sample of preterm births, 29% corresponded to preterm labor, 49% to preterm premature rupture of the membranes and 22% were iathrogenic preterm. The identified risk factors for preterm labor were multiple gestation, no paid work during pregnancy, less than six prenatal care visits, arm circumference less than 26 cm and previous preterm or low birth-weight. Gestational bleeding during the first or third trimester was significantly associated with preterm labor. As previously recognized, multiple gestation, prior preterm or low birthweight and gestational bleeding are established risk factors for preterm labor. However, prenatal care, maternal work and nutritional status have also been revealed as important issues in preterm risk, deserving special interest since they are susceptible to preventive intervention.

Oxytocin regimen for labor augmentation, labor progression, and perinatal outcomes.

PubMed

Zhang, Jun; Branch, D Ware; Ramirez, Mildred M; Laughon, S Katherine; Reddy, Uma; Hoffman, Mathew; Bailit, Jennifer; Kominiarek, Michelle; Chen, Zhen; Hibbard, Judith U

2011-08-01

To examine the effects and safety of high-dose (compared with low-dose) oxytocin regimen for labor augmentation on perinatal outcomes. Data from the Consortium on Safe Labor were used. A total of 15,054 women from six hospitals were eligible for the analysis. Women were grouped based on their oxytocin starting dose and incremental dosing of 1, 2, and 4 milliunits/min. Duration of labor and a number of maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared among these three groups stratified by parity. Multivariable logistic regression and generalized linear mixed model were used to adjust for potential confounders. Oxytocin regimen did not affect the rate of cesarean delivery or other perinatal outcomes. Compared with 1 milliunit/min, the regimens starting with 2 milliunits/min and 4 milliunits/min reduced the duration of first stage by 0.8 hours (95% confidence interval 0.5-1.1) and 1.3 hours (1.0-1.7), respectively, in nulliparous women. No effect was observed on the second stage of labor. Similar patterns were observed in multiparous women. High-dose regimen was associated with a reduced risk of meconium stain, chorioamnionitis, and newborn fever in multiparous women. High-dose oxytocin regimen (starting dose at 4 milliunits/min and increment of 4 millliunits/min) is associated with a shorter duration of first-stage of labor for all parities without increasing the cesarean delivery rate or adversely affecting perinatal outcomes. II.

Mothers' Perceptions of Labor Support.

PubMed

Nikula, Pirkko; Laukkala, Helena; Pölkki, Tarja

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to describe mothers' perceptions of labor support during childbirth. A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational survey design was used. Data were collected using the Bryanton Adaptation of Nursing Support in Labor Questionnaire (BANSILQ) completed by new mothers (n = 260) in the postnatal ward in a Finnish university hospital. Nonparametric methods were used for data analysis. Mothers perceived emotional assistance to be most important. From the list of midwives' labor support behaviors provided in the survey, the following were considered most helpful: giving praise, treating on an individual basis, and answering questions truthfully and understandably. Emotional, tangible, and informational labor support enhanced the mothers' birth experiences. Labor support should be provided when caring for every mother during childbirth. An evidence-based model of labor support should be used for nursing and midwifery education and clinical practice.

41 CFR 302-7.304 - When HHG are shipped under the actual expense method, and PBP&E as an administrative expense, in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...-TRANSPORTATION AND TEMPORARY STORAGE OF HOUSEHOLD GOODS AND PROFESSIONAL BOOKS, PAPERS, AND EQUIPMENT (PBP&E) Agency Responsibilities § 302-7.304 When HHG are shipped under the actual expense method, and PBP&E as an... under the actual expense method, and PBP&E as an administrative expense, in the same lot, are separate...

Changes in Purines Concentration in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Pregnant Women Experiencing Pain During Active Labor.

PubMed

Schmidt, André P; Böhmer, Ana E; Hansel, Gisele; Soares, Félix A; Oses, Jean P; Giordani, Alex T; Posso, Irimar P; Auler, José Otávio C; Mendes, Florentino F; Félix, Elaine A; Portela, Luís V; Souza, Diogo O

2015-11-01

Labor pain has been reported as a severe pain and can be considered as a model of acute visceral pain. It is well known that extracellular purines have an important role in pain signaling in the central nervous system. This study analyzes the relationship between extracellular purines and pain perception during active labor. A prospective observational study was performed. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the purines and their metabolites were compared between women at term pregnancy with labor pain (n = 49) and without labor pain (Caesarian section; n = 47). Control groups (healthy men and women without chronic or acute pain-n = 40 and 32, respectively) were also investigated. The CSF levels of adenosine were significantly lower in the labor pain group (P = 0.026) and negatively correlated with pain intensity measured by a visual analogue scale (r = -0.48, P = 0.0005). Interestingly, CSF levels of uric acid were significantly higher in healthy men as compared to women. Additionally, pregnant women showed increased CSF levels of ADP, GDP, adenosine and guanosine and reduced CSF levels of AMP, GTP, and uric acid as compared to non-pregnant women (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that purines, in special the nucleoside adenosine, are associated with pregnancy and labor pain.

47 CFR 32.6112 - Motor vehicle expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Motor vehicle expense. 32.6112 Section 32.6112 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS.../or to other Plant Specific Operations Expense accounts. These amounts shall be computed on the basis...

Allocating Practice Expense Under the Medicare Fee Schedule

PubMed Central

Pope, Gregory C.; Burge, Russel T.

1993-01-01

Currently, relative value units for practice expense are determined under the Medicare fee schedule (MFS) using historical physician charges. This seems inconsistent with the goal of a resource-based fee schedule. A specialty resource-based method of determining practice expense payments is presented and simulated here. The method assumes that, for each service, the payment for practice expense should be the same proportion of the total payment as actual physician practice expenses are of total practice revenues. A comparison with the approach developed by the Physician Payment Review Commission (PPRC) shows similar fees, but the specialty-based method proposed here requires no data beyond what is already employed in the MFS. PMID:10130574

Controlling supply expenses through capitated supply contracting.

PubMed

Kowalski, J C

1997-07-01

Some providers dealing with the financial challenges of managed care are attempting to control supply expenses through capitated supply contracting and similar risk/reward sharing arrangements. Under such arrangements, a supplier sells products and services to a provider for a fixed, prospective price in exchange for the provider's exclusive business. If expenses exceed the prospectively established amount, the supplier and provider share the loss. Conversely, if expenses are less than the fixed amount, they share the savings. For a capitated supply arrangement to be successful, providers must be able to identify and track supply expense drivers, such as clinical pathways, technology utilization, and product selection and utilization. Sophisticated information systems are needed to capture data, such as total and per-transaction product usage/volume; unit price per item; average and cost per item; average and total cost per transaction; and total cost per outcome. Providers also will need to establish mutually cooperative relationships with the suppliers with whom they contract.

[Pharmaceutical use and antibiotic therapy in intensive care units].

PubMed

Gauzit, R

2000-05-01

The present study has involved a sample of 750 medical or medical/surgical intensive care units. The aim was to identify the variations of antibiotic (AB) use, measured in monetary terms, and to sort out explicative variables accounting for the corresponding expense. Activity and expense data have been recorded for 1997. "Second intention" antibiotics have been defined as follows: imipenem, ceftazidime, cefpirome, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin, isepamicin, vancomycin and teicoplanin. Only 60 evaluable sheets have been sent back. They include data about 28,000 admissions and 183,960 hospital days. The results are presented as means +/- standard deviation (SD) and the variability has been considered to be important if the ratio SD/mean was > 1. Nosocomial infections (NI) surveillance, antibiotic advisory board and restriction of use for some molecules were present in 95%, 67% and 78% of units, respectively. The units usually had 10 beds (range: 6-24) and the mean activity was 468 +/- 184 admissions/year and 3,066 +/- 1,454 hospital days/year. Mean duration of hospitalisation (MDH) was 6.9 +/- 2.7 days and mean omega score 114 +/- 61. Mean age of patients was 56.5 years, IGS II score 35.7 +/- 7; 29 +/- 16% of patients were mechanically ventilated for more than 48 hours and mortality rate was 17 +/- 7%. The mean number of bacterial isolates per unit was 369 +/- 323: Staphylococcus sp. 30% [including 25% of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)]; enterobacteria 30% (including 14% of cefotaxime-resistant isolates); Pseudomonas sp. 14% (including 40% of ticarcillin R isolates); other 26%. Pharmaceutical expense was 834 +/- 364 FF per day of hospitalisation, including 536 +/- 273 FF for drugs. Antibiotics accounted for 32% of the expense and second intention molecules for nearly 50% of antibiotic expense. More than 80% of antibiotic expense was accounted for by only 10 molecules. The mean cost/hospital day for the most expensive antibiotic

Not by Labor Alone: Considerations for Value Influence Use of the Labor Rule in Ownership Transfers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kanngiesser, Patricia; Hood, Bruce

2014-01-01

People often assign ownership to the person who has invested labor into making an object (labor rule). However, labor usually improves objects and increases their value, and it has not been investigated whether these considerations underlie people's use of the labor rule. We presented participants with third-party ownership conflicts between…

47 CFR 32.6410 - Cable and wire facilities expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cable and wire facilities expenses. 32.6410 Section 32.6410 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES... Cable and wire facilities expenses. Class B telephone companies shall use this account for expenses of...

47 CFR 32.6410 - Cable and wire facilities expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Cable and wire facilities expenses. 32.6410 Section 32.6410 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES... Cable and wire facilities expenses. Class B telephone companies shall use this account for expenses of...

48 CFR 1222.101 - Labor relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor relations. 1222.101 Section 1222.101 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 1222.101 Labor relations. ...

48 CFR 1322.101 - Labor relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor relations. 1322.101 Section 1322.101 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 1322.101 Labor relations. ...

48 CFR 2822.101 - Labor relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Labor relations. 2822.101 Section 2822.101 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Socioeconomic Programs APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 2822.101 Labor relations. ...

48 CFR 22.101 - Labor relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor relations. 22.101 Section 22.101 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 22.101 Labor relations. ...

48 CFR 522.101 - Labor relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor relations. 522.101 Section 522.101 Federal Acquisition Regulations System GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 522.101 Labor relations. ...

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

18 CFR 367.9080 - Account 908, Customer assistance expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Account 908, Customer assistance expenses. 367.9080 Section 367.9080 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... following materials and expenses items: (1) Supplies and expenses pertaining to demonstrations, exhibits...

Massage Therapy and Labor Outcomes: a Randomized Controlled Trial

PubMed Central

Janssen, Patricia; Shroff, Farah; Jaspar, Paula

2012-01-01

Introduction Massage is a time-honored method by which women have received comfort throughout the millennia, yet it has not been rigorously evaluated in the modern day delivery suite. No study to date that we are aware of has evaluated the effect of massage therapy by a regulated massage therapist on labor pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of massage therapy provided by registered massage therapists in managing pain among women in active labor. Methods BC Women’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC. Research Design: a randomized controlled trial. Participants: 77 healthy nulliparous women presenting in spontaneous labor. Intervention: Swedish massage administered for up to five hours by a registered massage therapist during labor vs. standard care. Main outcome measures include: cervical dilation at the time of administration of epidural, compared using estimated marginal means in an analysis of covariance. We also compared perception of pain at three time periods during labor according to cervical dilation at 3–4 cm, 5–7 cm, and 8–10 cm using the McGill Present Pain Intensity Scale. Results The mean cervical dilation at the time of epidural insertion after adjustment for station of the presenting part, cervical dilation, and status of membranes on admission to hospital was 5.9 cm (95% CI 5.2–6.7) compared to 4.9 in the control group (95% CI 4.2–5.8). Scores on the McGill Pain Scale were consistently lower in the massage therapy group (13.3 vs. 16.9 at 3–4 cm, 13.3 vs. 15.8 at 5–6 cm, and 19.4 vs. 28.3 at 7–8 cm), although these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions Our findings from this pilot study suggest that massage therapy by a registered massage therapist has the potential to be an effective means of pain management that may be associated with delayed use of epidural analgesia. It may therefore have the potential to reduce exposure to epidural analgesia during labor and decrease rates of associated

48 CFR 1422.101 - Labor relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor relations. 1422.101 Section 1422.101 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 1422.101 Labor relations. ...

[Changes in labor market participation of older employees in Germany: the perspective of labor market research].

PubMed

Brussig, M

2009-08-01

For many years, Germany has been regarded in international comparisons as an example of a generous early retirement culture, resulting in a low labor market participation of older employees. Recently, however, employment rates of older employees have increased remarkably. Reasons are the demographic structure of older persons in Germany, a long-term trend of increasing female labor market participation, and reforms in labor-market policies and pension policies during the last 10 years. Despite an increasing labor market participation of older employees, traditional labor market risks for older persons partly remained, but some new risks evolved as well. Therefore, social differentiation among older employees increased.Although detailed macro descriptions exist, the causes of labor market developments cannot be fully understood with cross-sectional data alone. An important stimulus is to be expected from individual longitudinal data which reflect employment histories and labor market transitions such as employment exit and retirement.

[Changes in factors associated with the nutrition transition in Mexico].

PubMed

Ortiz-Hernández, Luis; Delgado-Sánchez, Guadalupe; Hernández-Briones, Ana

2006-01-01

To describe the demographic and socioeconomic changes, food availability and food expense in Mexico during 1980-2000. From official statistics (Population Census, FAO Food Balance Sheets, Family Income and Expense National Survey and Economic Census) we estimated the evolution of population distribution according to locality size, occupational structure, woman participation in the wage-earning labor force, minimum wage, availability of food establishments and expense in food. The percentage of the population that lives in urban areas has increased, they are employed in the tertiary sector, womens participation in the labor market has increased but real minimum wages have decreased. Vegetables, oleaginous, oils, fish and seafood availability have decreased whereas animal fat, vegetables, fruits, softdrinks, meats and egg availability have increased. The number of inexpensive restaurants (cocinas económicas and fondas) has also increased. Food expenses have decreased while amount of money spent in food consumed away from home has increased. In Mexico, the growth in urban areas and the tertiary job sector shows a parallel growth in the availability of high fat and protein food, a greater diet variety and more opportunities to consume food not prepared in the home. On the other hand, the sale of equipment and places designed for recreational physical activity have increased. By reducing employment in the primary sector it is foreseeable that labor intensive physical activity will become less important overtime.

48 CFR 970.3102-3-70 - Home office expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Home office expenses. 970....3102-3-70 Home office expenses. (a) For on-site work, DOE's fee for management and operating contracts... compensation for home or corporate office general and administrative expenses incurred in the general...

48 CFR 970.3102-3-70 - Home office expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Home office expenses. 970....3102-3-70 Home office expenses. (a) For on-site work, DOE's fee for management and operating contracts... compensation for home or corporate office general and administrative expenses incurred in the general...

48 CFR 970.3102-3-70 - Home office expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Home office expenses. 970....3102-3-70 Home office expenses. (a) For on-site work, DOE's fee for management and operating contracts... compensation for home or corporate office general and administrative expenses incurred in the general...

48 CFR 970.3102-3-70 - Home office expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Home office expenses. 970....3102-3-70 Home office expenses. (a) For on-site work, DOE's fee for management and operating contracts... compensation for home or corporate office general and administrative expenses incurred in the general...

48 CFR 970.3102-3-70 - Home office expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Home office expenses. 970....3102-3-70 Home office expenses. (a) For on-site work, DOE's fee for management and operating contracts... compensation for home or corporate office general and administrative expenses incurred in the general...

47 CFR 1.1513 - Documentation of fees and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Documentation of fees and expenses. 1.1513... Applicants § 1.1513 Documentation of fees and expenses. The application shall be accompanied by full documentation of the fees and expenses, including the cost of any study, analysis, engineering report, test...

38 CFR 36.4504 - Loan closing expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Loan closing expenses. 36...) LOAN GUARANTY Direct Loans § 36.4504 Loan closing expenses. (a) Department of Veterans Affairs will designate a loan closer to represent the Department of Veterans Affairs at the closing and in advance...

Labor Dystocia: A Common Approach to Diagnosis.

PubMed

Neal, Jeremy L; Lowe, Nancy K; Schorn, Mavis N; Holley, Sharon L; Ryan, Sharon L; Buxton, Margaret; Wilson-Liverman, Angela M

2015-01-01

Contemporary labor and birth population norms should be the basis for evaluating labor progression and determining slow progress that may benefit from intervention. The aim of this article is to present guidelines for a common, evidence-based approach for determination of active labor onset and diagnosis of labor dystocia based on a synthesis of existing professional guidelines and relevant contemporary publications. A 3-point approach for diagnosing active labor onset and classifying labor dystocia-related labor aberrations into well-defined, mutually exclusive categories that can be used clinically and validated by researchers is proposed. The approach comprises identification of 1) an objective point that strictly defines active labor onset (point of active labor determination); 2) an objective point that identifies when labor progress becomes atypical, beyond which interventions aimed at correcting labor dystocia may be justified (point of protraction diagnosis); and 3) an objective point that identifies when interventions aimed at correcting labor dystocia, if used, can first be determined to be unsuccessful, beyond which assisted vaginal or cesarean birth may be justified (earliest point of arrest diagnosis). Widespread adoption of a common approach for diagnosing labor dystocia will facilitate consistent evaluation of labor progress, improve communications between clinicians and laboring women, indicate when intervention aimed at speeding labor progress or facilitating birth may be appropriate, and allow for more efficient translation of safe and effective management strategies into clinical practice. Correct application of the diagnosis of labor dystocia may lead to a decrease in the rate of cesarean birth, decreased health care costs, and improved health of childbearing women and neonates. © 2015 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives.

The feminization of foreign currency earnings: women's labor in Sri Lanka.

PubMed

Samarasinghe, V

1998-01-01

This paper considers women's participation in foreign currency earning activities in Sri Lanka. The author first analyzes the structure of women's participation patterns in the major foreign currency earning activities in the country, including consideration of their wage levels and the impact of ethnicity, age, educational levels, and skills upon the different components of those activities in which women participate. She then probes the applicability for Sri Lanka of Guy Standing's argument that structural adjustment policies (SAP) have triggered a change in labor force practices leading to a feminization through flexible labor. Many studies have shown that cutbacks in subsidies mandated by SAPs and initiated in the 1980s among developing countries have adversely affected poor women. Women have adjusted to the new situation in a variety of ways, ranging from cutting their household budgets for basic needs to seeking income-generating work in the informal sector and participating in labor-intensive manufacturing activities. In closing, the author assesses the degree to which the new demands made upon women resulting from the effect of SAPs upon their households have stimulated women's increasing participation in foreign currency earning activities.

24 CFR 990.160 - Overview of calculating formula expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... formula expense. The formula expense of any one project is the sum of the project's PEL and the UEL... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Overview of calculating formula... URBAN DEVELOPMENT THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Calculating Formula Expenses § 990.160...

24 CFR 990.160 - Overview of calculating formula expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... formula expense. The formula expense of any one project is the sum of the project's PEL and the UEL... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Overview of calculating formula... URBAN DEVELOPMENT THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Calculating Formula Expenses § 990.160...

24 CFR 990.160 - Overview of calculating formula expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... formula expense. The formula expense of any one project is the sum of the project's PEL and the UEL... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Overview of calculating formula... URBAN DEVELOPMENT THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Calculating Formula Expenses § 990.160...

24 CFR 990.160 - Overview of calculating formula expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... formula expense. The formula expense of any one project is the sum of the project's PEL and the UEL... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Overview of calculating formula... URBAN DEVELOPMENT THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Calculating Formula Expenses § 990.160...

24 CFR 990.160 - Overview of calculating formula expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... formula expense. The formula expense of any one project is the sum of the project's PEL and the UEL... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Overview of calculating formula... URBAN DEVELOPMENT THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Calculating Formula Expenses § 990.160...

33 CFR 5.57 - Traveling expenses and per diem.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Traveling expenses and per diem... GENERAL COAST GUARD AUXILIARY § 5.57 Traveling expenses and per diem. A member of the Auxiliary, when assigned to specific duties, may be paid actual necessary traveling expenses, including a per diem...

13 CFR 107.520 - Management Expenses of a Licensee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Management Expenses of a Licensee... INVESTMENT COMPANIES Managing the Operations of a Licensee Management and Compensation § 107.520 Management Expenses of a Licensee. SBA must approve any increases in your Management Expenses if you have outstanding...

Industrial labor relations manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

The NASA Industrial Labor Relations Manual provides internal guidelines and procedures to assist NASA Field Installations in dealing with contractor labor management disputes, Service Contract Act variance hearings, and to provide access of Labor Union Representatives to NASA for the purpose of maintaining schedules and goals in connection with vital NASA programs. This manual will be revised by page changes as revisions become necessary. Initial distribution of this manual has been made to NASA Headquarters and Field Installations.

24 CFR 585.313 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

...) Laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild Trainees. (1) All laborers and mechanics (other than... such laborers and mechanics on assisted housing shall be subject to the provisions of the Contract Work... standards apply to laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild trainees to the extent required by the other...

24 CFR 585.313 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

...) Laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild Trainees. (1) All laborers and mechanics (other than... such laborers and mechanics on assisted housing shall be subject to the provisions of the Contract Work... standards apply to laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild trainees to the extent required by the other...

24 CFR 585.313 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...) Laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild Trainees. (1) All laborers and mechanics (other than... such laborers and mechanics on assisted housing shall be subject to the provisions of the Contract Work... standards apply to laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild trainees to the extent required by the other...

24 CFR 585.313 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...) Laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild Trainees. (1) All laborers and mechanics (other than... such laborers and mechanics on assisted housing shall be subject to the provisions of the Contract Work... standards apply to laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild trainees to the extent required by the other...

24 CFR 570.603 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Labor standards. 570.603 Section... DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BLOCK GRANTS Other Program Requirements § 570.603 Labor standards. (a) Section 110(a) of the Act contains labor standards that apply to nonvolunteer labor financed...

12 CFR 995.6 - Budget and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Budget and expenses. 995.6 Section 995.6 Banks... § 995.6 Budget and expenses. (a) Directorate approval. The Financing Corporation shall submit annually to the Directorate for approval, a budget of proposed expenditures for the next calendar year that...

The Volatile Teenage Labor Market: Labor Force Entry, Exit, and Unemployment Flows.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Ralph E.; Vanski, Jean E.

1979-01-01

Alerts researchers to the potential value and limitations of the gross flow data published in the Department of Labor's Current Population Survey (CPS). Reports on research which used CPS data to analyze patterns of teenage unemployment and labor force participation. (PR)

Labor Education in America

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carlson, Kenneth D.

1971-01-01

Labor education reflects the pragmaticism of American culture and supports the system. It emphasizes leadership training, loyalty building, and political education. The control of labor education is centralized in union headquarters. (VW)

The value of vendor-reported ambulatory EHR benefits data.

PubMed

Thompson, Douglas; Classen, David; Garrido, Terhilda; Bisordi, Joseph; Novogoratz, Scott; Zywiak, Walt

2007-04-01

Implementation of an electronic health record is expensive and labor-intensive. For this reason, providers often seek information about possible benefits to help them decide whether to implement an EHR. Our study found that a benefits database maintained by an ambulatory clinical systems vendor provided information that is useful, but that also has limitations.

A throughfall collection method using mixed bed ion exchange resin columns

Treesearch

Mark E. Fenn; Mark A. Poth; Michael J. Arbaugh

2002-01-01

Measurement of ionic deposition in throughfall is a widely used method for measuring deposition inputs to the forest floor. Many studies have been published, providing a large database of throughfall deposition inputs to forests. However, throughfall collection and analysis is labor intensive and expensive because of the large number of replicate collectors needed and...

Monitoring nitrogen deposition in throughfall using ion exchange resin columns: a field test in the San Bernardino Mountains

Treesearch

Mark E. Fenn; Mark A. Poth

2004-01-01

Conventional throughfall collection methods are labor intensive and analytically expensive to implement at broad scales. This study was conducted to test an alternative approach requiring infrequent sample collection and a greatly reduced number of chemical analyses. The major objective of the study was to determine the feasibility of using ion exchange resin (IER) to...

Utilization and cost for animal logging operations

Treesearch

Suraj P. Shrestha; Bobby L. Lanford

2001-01-01

Forest harvesting with animals is a labor-intensive operation. Due to the development of efficient machines and high volume demands from the forest products industry, mechanization of logging developed very fast, leaving behind the traditional horse and mule logging. It is expensive to use machines on smaller woodlots, which require frequent moves if mechanically...

Effect of birth ball on labor pain relief: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PubMed

Makvandi, Somayeh; Latifnejad Roudsari, Robab; Sadeghi, Ramin; Karimi, Leila

2015-11-01

To critically evaluate the available evidence related to the impact of using a birth ball on labor pain relief. The Cochrane library, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus were searched from their inception to January 2015 using keywords: (Birth* OR Swiss OR Swedish OR balance OR fitness OR gym* OR Pezzi OR sport* OR stability) AND (ball*) AND (labor OR labour OR Obstetric). All available randomized controlled trials involving women using a birth ball for pain relief during labor were considered. The search resulted in 341 titles and abstracts, which were narrowed down to eight potentially relevant articles. Of these, four studies met the inclusion criteria. Pain intensity on a 10 cm visual analogue scale was used as the main outcome measure. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 2 was used for statistical analysis. Four RCTs involving 220 women were included in the systematic review. One study was excluded from the meta-analysis because of heterogeneous interventions and a lack of mean and standard deviation results of labor pain score. The meta-analysis showed that birth ball exercises provided statistically significant improvements to labor pain (pooled mean difference -0.921; 95% confidence interval -1.28, -0.56; P = 0.0000005; I(2)  = 33.7%). The clinical implementation of a birth ball exercise could be an effective tool for parturient women to reduce labor pain. However, rigorous RCTs are needed to evaluate the effect of the birth ball on labor pain relief. © 2015 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

76 FR 22921 - Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the Production of Goods in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-25

... Production of Goods in Foreign Countries and Efforts by Certain Countries to Eliminate the Worst Forms of... eliminate the worst forms of child labor.'' Title II of the TDA and the TDA Conference Report, Joint... ``[w]hether the country has implemented its commitments to eliminate the worst forms of child labor as...

Randomized comparison of oral misoprostol and oxytocin for labor induction in term prelabor membrane rupture.

PubMed

Butt, K D; Bennett, K A; Crane, J M; Hutchens, D; Young, D C

1999-12-01

To compare labor induction intervals between oral misoprostol and intravenous oxytocin in women who present at term with premature rupture of membranes. One hundred eight women were randomly assigned to misoprostol 50 microg orally every 4 hours as needed or intravenous oxytocin. The primary outcome measure was time from induction to vaginal delivery. Sample size was calculated using a two-tailed alpha of 0.05 and power of 80%. Baseline demographic data, including maternal age, gestation, parity, Bishop score, birth weight, and group B streptococcal status, were similar. The mean time +/-standard deviation to vaginal birth with oral misoprostol was 720+/-382 minutes compared with 501+/-389 minutes with oxytocin (P = .007). The durations of the first, second, and third stages of labor were similar. There were no differences in maternal secondary outcomes, including cesarean birth (eight and seven, respectively), infection, maternal satisfaction with labor, epidural use, perineal trauma, manual placental removal, or gastrointestinal side effects. Neonatal outcomes including cord pH, Apgar scores, infection, and admission to neonatal intensive care unit were not different. Although labor induction with oral misoprostol was effective, oxytocin resulted in a shorter induction-to-delivery interval. Active labor intervals and other maternal and neonatal outcomes were similar.

Is the Bishop-score significant in predicting the success of labor induction in multiparous women?

PubMed

Navve, D; Orenstein, N; Ribak, R; Daykan, Y; Shechter-Maor, G; Biron-Shental, T

2017-05-01

To determine whether the Bishop-score upon admission effects mode of delivery, maternal or neonatal outcomes of labor induction in multiparous women. A retrospective study including 600 multiparous women with a singleton pregnancy, 34 gestational weeks and above who underwent labor induction for maternal, fetal or combined indications. Induction was performed with one of three methods- oxytocin, a slow release vaginal prostaglandin E2 insert (10 mg dinoprostone) or a transcervical double balloon catheter. The women were divided into two groups-Bishop-score <6 and Bishop-score ⩾6. We evaluated labor course, maternal complications (postpartum hemorrhage, manual lysis, uterine revision, perineal tear grade 3-4, need for blood transfusions, relaparotomy, prolonged hospitalization) and neonatal outcomes (Apgar score, cord pH, hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit, prolonged hospitalization). Both groups had a high rate of vaginal deliveries-93.7% and 94.9%, respectively. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of maternal or neonatal outcomes. Labor induction in multiparous women is safe and successful regardless of the initial Bishop-score. In multiparous women the Bishop-score is not a good predictor for the success of labor induction, nor is it a predictor for maternal of neonatal adverse outcomes and complications.

10 CFR 440.19 - Labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Labor. 440.19 Section 440.19 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.19 Labor. Payments for labor... supplement wages paid to training participants, public service employment workers, or other Federal or State...

Tips for labor coaches

MedlinePlus

... some tips for getting prepared. Before the big day Arrives Labor coaches should go to childbirth classes ... get through her labor and delivery. When the day Arrives You might be at the hospital for ...

Effects of SP6 Acupuncture Point Stimulation on Labor Pain and Duration of Labor

PubMed Central

Yesilcicek Calik, Kiymet; Komurcu, Nuran

2014-01-01

Background: Acupressure has been used frequently to improve labor, manage labor pain, and shorten delivery time. However, there has been little research-based evidence to support the positive effects of acupressure in the obstetric area and obstetric nursing. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SP6 acupressure on labor pain and delivery time in primigravida women in labor. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted at the Trabzon Maternity Hospital in Turkey. Its design was a randomized controlled clinical trial study using a single-blinded method. One hundred (100) primigravida women in labor were randomly assigned to either the SP6 acupressure (n = 50) or control group (n = 50). Acupressure was practiced 35 times in total on the SP6 point of both legs in the SP6 acupressure group; 15 times (during contraction) when cervical dilation was 2-3 cm, 10 times when cervical dilation was 5-6 cm and 10 times at 9-10 cm dilation, while the women in the control group received standard care. Labor pain was measured five times using a structured questionnaire of a subjective labor pain scale (visual analogue scale-VAS) when dilation was 2-3 cm (VAS 2), 5-6 cm (VAS 3) and 8-9 cm (VAS 4) before and after acupressure was applied to the SP6 point (VAS 1), and finally at the early postpartum period (VAS 5). The duration of labor in both groups was measured with a partograph and the length of delivery time was calculated in two stages: from 3 cm cervical dilation to full cervical dilation, and from full cervical dilation to delivery. Results: There were significant differences between the groups in subjective labor pain scores (except VAS 4) (P < 0.001). The duration of the Phase one (3 cm dilatation to full dilatation) and Phase two (full dilatation to birth) in the acupressure group was shorter than the control group (Phase one, 225 min and 320 min, respectively; Phase two, 15 min and 20 min, respectively; both P < 0.001). Conclusions: It was

76 FR 48901 - Office of Trade and Labor Affairs; National Advisory Committee for Labor Provisions of U.S. Free...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-09

...Pursuant to the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), as amended, 5. U.S.C. App. 2, the Office of Trade and Labor Affairs (OTLA) gives notice of a meeting of the National Advisory Committee for Labor Provisions of U.S. Free Trade Agreements (``Committee'' or ``NAC''), which was established by the Secretary of Labor. The purpose of the meeting is to provide advice to the Secretary of Labor through the Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) concerning the implementation of the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC)--the labor side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)--and the labor provisions of free trade agreements.

26 CFR 1.861-14T - Special rules for allocating and apportioning certain expenses (other than interest expense) of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... moratorium. The rules of this section do not apply to research and experimental expenses allocated under... assume that section 482 has not been applied by the Commissioner. Example 1: (i) Facts. P owns all of the....020 Research expense apportioned to United States income: EC07OC91.021 Example 2: (i) Facts. P owns...

The best encouraging persons in labor: A content analysis of Iranian mothers' experiences of labor support

PubMed Central

Fathi Najafi, Tahereh; Latifnejad Roudsari, Robab; Ebrahimipour, Hossein

2017-01-01

Background and aims The process of giving birth is very stressing for the mother. Meanwhile, maternity ward staff’s lack of awareness of mothers’ fears make mothers feel lonely and helpless. This study aimed to explore women’s perceptions of labor support during vaginal delivery. Materials and methods This exploratory qualitative study used qualitative content analysis to explore Iranian mothers’ experiences of labor support. Data were collected using observations and semi-structured interviews with 25 individuals. The participants were recruited through a purposive sampling method. Results Three categories, including “involvement of the spouse in the labor process”, “asking for a companion during labor”, and “mother’s self-care to cope with labor pain”, emerged during data analysis. These categories were merged to form the main theme of “trying to comply with the labor process”. Conclusion Women believed that the presence of a companion, e.g. their husband, a family member, or a doula, during labor helped them better deal with the labor process, particularly when they felt lonely. Health care providers are expected to consider the needs of mothers and try to provide holistic support for mothers during labor pain. Implications for practice It seems that some mothers adopted particular coping strategies without receiving any relevant training. It is noteworthy that although mothers may make every effort to minimize their pain, health professionals should also practice medical approaches to help them through the process of labor. PMID:28683112

Emotional Intelligence in Intensive Clinical Experiences for Nursing Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zoromski, Lorraine M.

2017-01-01

This study looked for associations between measures of emotional intelligence in an intensive clinical experience for nursing students in their final semester of an associate's degree program. The theory of emotional labor was used to make connections between nursing clinical experience and emotional intelligence. Twenty nursing students from a…

EPIDURAL ANALGESIA IN LABOR - CONTROVERSIES.

PubMed

Bilić, Nada; Djaković, Ivka; Kličan-Jaić, Katarina; Rudman, Senka Sabolović; Ivanec, Željko

2015-09-01

Labor pain is one of the most severe pains. Labor is a complex and individual process with varying maternal requesting analgesia. Labor analgesia must be safe and accompanied by minimal amount of unwanted consequences for both the mother and the child, as well as for the delivery procedure. Epidural analgesia is the treatment that best meets these demands. According to the American Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology and American Society of Anesthesiologists, mother's demand is a reason enough for the introduction of epidural analgesia in labor, providing that no contraindications exist. The application of analgesics should not cease at the end of the second stage of labor, but it is recommended that lower concentration analgesics be then applied. Based on the latest studies, it can be claimed that epidural analgesia can be applied during the major part of the first and second stage of labor. According to previous investigations, there is no definitive conclusion about the incidence of instrumental delivery, duration of second stage of labor, time of epidural analgesia initiation, and long term outcomes for the newborn. Cooperation of obstetric and anesthesiology personnel, as well as appropriate technical equipment significantly decrease the need of instrumental completion of a delivery, as well as other complications encountered in the application of epidural analgesia. Our hospital offers 24/7 epidural analgesia service. The majority of pregnant women in our hospital were aware of the advantages of epidural analgesia for labor, however, only a small proportion of them used it, mainly because of inadequate level of information.

Child Labor, Learning Problems, and Poverty

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Mark

2017-01-01

In Africa, approximately 80 million children are working. Africa's 41% child labor rate is nearly twice as high as that in Asia. This study examined whether child labor is a direct result of poverty or of reading and math problems in school. The study analyzed reading and math scores of 62 child laborers and 62 non-child laborers from a farming…

Marital and Family Characteristics of the Labor Force in March 1973. Special Labor Force Report No. 164.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hayghe, Howard

This Special Labor Force Report of March 1973, shows a continued decline in labor force participation rates of married men and an increase in rates of married women with young children. It also explores the trends of husbands' and wives' labor force participation, as well as labor force activity of other groups, such as women heads of families and…

A Select Bibliography of Books on Labor Issues.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, Washington, DC.

This annotated bibliography of 90 books on labor issues presents selections in the following areas: labor history, biographies, contemporary issues, labor economics and labor relations, labor law, labor unions, women and work, and reference books. (DB)

The Fair Labor Standards Act. Enforcement of Child Labor Provisions in Massachusetts. Report to the Chairman, Committee on Labor and Human Resources, U.S. Senate.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Div. of Human Resources.

During 1987, investigations of 113 cases of alleged or suspected child labor violations at Massachusetts business establishments were conducted. Thirteen (38 percent) of these were randomly selected for review. Compliance officers in the Department of Labor's Wage and Hour Division substantiated child labor violations in 9 of the 13 cases. A total…

Swatch Watch in School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Osterer, Irv

2010-01-01

For centuries, Swiss firms manufactured and sold precision watches and were the undisputed leaders in timekeeping. All this came to an abrupt end when, in the mid-1970s, the Japanese began to make reliable digital watches at a fraction of the cost of the expensive, labor-intensive Swiss product. In 1983, Switzerland answered with the introduction…

Utilization and cost of log production from animal loging operations

Treesearch

Suraj P. Shrestha; Bobby L. Lanford; Robert B. Rummer; Mark Dubois

2006-01-01

Forest harvesting with animals is a labor-intensive operation. It is expensive to use machines on smaller woodlots, which require frequent moves if mechanically logged. So, small logging systems using animals may be more cost effective. In this study, work sampling was used for five animal logging operations in Alabama to measure productive and non-productive time...

Resolving Inadequacies of the Navy Industrial Fund Cost Accounting System to Enable Its Use in the RAMP SMP (Rapid Acquisition of Manufactured Parts Small Manufactured Parts) Facility

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-12-01

maintenance, depreciation , rent, utilities, insurance, and taxes. 6 Historically, manufacturing activities have been labor intensive and man-paced...developed and produced which renders older equipment obsolete sooner. As a result, equipment must be replaced more frequently and depreciation is charged...McIlhattan, 1987). As previously mentioned, automated manufacturing activities incur greater amounts of depreciation expenses more rapidly than a

Fluorometry as a bacterial source tracking tool in coastal watersheds, Trinidad, CA

Treesearch

Trever Parker; Andrew Stubblefield

2012-01-01

Bacterial counts have long been used as indicators of water pollution that may affect public health. By themselves, bacteria are indicators only and can not be used to identify the source of the pollutant for remediation efforts. Methods of microbial source tracking are generally time consuming, labor intensive and expensive. As an alternative, a fluorometer can be...

47 CFR 32.6534 - Plant operations administration expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Plant operations administration expense. 32....6534 Plant operations administration expense. (a) This account shall include costs incurred in the general administration of plant operations. This includes supervising plant operations (except as...

47 CFR 32.6534 - Plant operations administration expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Plant operations administration expense. 32....6534 Plant operations administration expense. (a) This account shall include costs incurred in the general administration of plant operations. This includes supervising plant operations (except as...

47 CFR 32.6534 - Plant operations administration expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Plant operations administration expense. 32....6534 Plant operations administration expense. (a) This account shall include costs incurred in the general administration of plant operations. This includes supervising plant operations (except as...

47 CFR 32.6534 - Plant operations administration expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Plant operations administration expense. 32....6534 Plant operations administration expense. (a) This account shall include costs incurred in the general administration of plant operations. This includes supervising plant operations (except as...

47 CFR 36.381 - Carrier access charge billing and collecting expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROPERTY COSTS, REVENUES, EXPENSES, TAXES AND RESERVES FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES 1 Operating Expenses and Taxes Customer Operations Expenses § 36.381 Carrier access charge billing and... in a particular state, one-half of such expense shall be apportioned to interstate operations. If no...

Transit labor relations guide

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-09-01

This report is designed as a guide for those involved in labor relations in the transit industry. It begins with a history of transit labor relations. The economic, political, and legal environment of transit relations is then discussed. A section fo...

47 CFR 36.382 - Category 3-All other customer services expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Category 3-All other customer services expense. 36.382 Section 36.382 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER... Expenses and Taxes Customer Operations Expenses § 36.382 Category 3—All other customer services expense. (a...

29 CFR 2204.107 - Allowable fees and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT IN PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW... of the applicant; (4) The time reasonably spent in light of the difficulty or complexity of the...

Emotional labor actors: a latent profile analysis of emotional labor strategies.

PubMed

Gabriel, Allison S; Daniels, Michael A; Diefendorff, James M; Greguras, Gary J

2015-05-01

Research on emotional labor focuses on how employees utilize 2 main regulation strategies-surface acting (i.e., faking one's felt emotions) and deep acting (i.e., attempting to feel required emotions)-to adhere to emotional expectations of their jobs. To date, researchers largely have considered how each strategy functions to predict outcomes in isolation. However, this variable-centered perspective ignores the possibility that there are subpopulations of employees who may differ in their combined use of surface and deep acting. To address this issue, we conducted 2 studies that examined surface acting and deep acting from a person-centered perspective. Using latent profile analysis, we identified 5 emotional labor profiles-non-actors, low actors, surface actors, deep actors, and regulators-and found that these actor profiles were distinguished by several emotional labor antecedents (positive affectivity, negative affectivity, display rules, customer orientation, and emotion demands-abilities fit) and differentially predicted employee outcomes (emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, and felt inauthenticity). Our results reveal new insights into the nature of emotion regulation in emotional labor contexts and how different employees may characteristically use distinct combinations of emotion regulation strategies to manage their emotional expressions at work. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved.

49 CFR 1016.107 - Allowable fees and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Allowable fees and expenses. 1016.107 Section 1016.107 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION... RECOVERY OF EXPENSES BY PARTIES TO BOARD ADJUDICATORY PROCEEDINGS General Provisions § 1016.107 Allowable...

49 CFR 1016.107 - Allowable fees and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Allowable fees and expenses. 1016.107 Section 1016.107 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION... RECOVERY OF EXPENSES BY PARTIES TO BOARD ADJUDICATORY PROCEEDINGS General Provisions § 1016.107 Allowable...

47 CFR 36.380 - Other billing and collecting expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... JURISDICTIONAL SEPARATIONS PROCEDURES; STANDARD PROCEDURES FOR SEPARATING TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROPERTY COSTS... Customer Operations Expenses § 36.380 Other billing and collecting expense. (a) This classification...

25 CFR 700.533 - Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense reimbursement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense... travel and travel expense reimbursement. (a) When an employee is on officially authorized travel his or... in cash or kind for travel expenses from any other source, even when the employee's expenses exceed...

25 CFR 700.533 - Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense reimbursement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense... travel and travel expense reimbursement. (a) When an employee is on officially authorized travel his or... in cash or kind for travel expenses from any other source, even when the employee's expenses exceed...

25 CFR 700.533 - Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense reimbursement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense... travel and travel expense reimbursement. (a) When an employee is on officially authorized travel his or... in cash or kind for travel expenses from any other source, even when the employee's expenses exceed...

25 CFR 700.533 - Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense reimbursement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense... travel and travel expense reimbursement. (a) When an employee is on officially authorized travel his or... in cash or kind for travel expenses from any other source, even when the employee's expenses exceed...

25 CFR 700.533 - Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense reimbursement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Restrictions affecting travel and travel expense... travel and travel expense reimbursement. (a) When an employee is on officially authorized travel his or... in cash or kind for travel expenses from any other source, even when the employee's expenses exceed...

7 CFR 981.37 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ALMONDS GROWN IN CALIFORNIA Order Regulating Handling Almond Board of California § 981.37 Expenses. The members of the Board shall serve...

A practical approach to labor support.

PubMed

Adams, Ellise D; Bianchi, Ann L

2008-01-01

In the United States, intrapartum nurses are present at 99% of births. These nurses have a unique opportunity to positively affect a laboring woman's comfort and labor progress through the use of labor support behaviors. These nonpharmacologic nursing strategies fall into four categories: physical, emotional, instructional/informational, and advocacy. Implementation of these strategies requires special knowledge and a commitment to the enhanced physical and emotional comfort of laboring women.

Offsetting the Effects of Medical Expenses on Older Adults' Household Food Budgets: An Analysis of the Standard Medical Expense Deduction.

PubMed

Adams, Grace Bagwell; Lee, Jung Sun; Bhargava, Vibha; Super, David A

2017-04-01

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) provides critical nutrition assistance to over 40 million Americans each month. Low-income older adults (60 and older) and disabled participants experience additional budgetary constraints because of high out-of-pocket medical expenses. In recent years, some states have adopted a "Standard Medical Expense Deduction" (SMED) for senior and disabled beneficiaries, making it easier to report medical expenses in the SNAP application process. We conduct a descriptive national analysis that shows increases in benefit levels and reporting of medical expenses for states that have implemented SMED. We then present descriptive findings from Medicare claims data among a sample of low-income older adults in need of food assistance in Georgia. Average medical expenses among this sample approach $200 per month, whereas those for persons diagnosed with multiple chronic conditions exceed $300 per month. Policy implications of this analysis include the need for more states to consider adoption of SMED or alternative estimating approaches, leading to increases in benefit levels for the neediest beneficiaries and decreases in administrative burden among state agencies. We present two possible policy approaches states might take to receive approval for these changes from U.S. Department of Agriculture. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Statistical aspects of modeling the labor curve.

PubMed

Zhang, Jun; Troendle, James; Grantz, Katherine L; Reddy, Uma M

2015-06-01

In a recent review by Cohen and Friedman, several statistical questions on modeling labor curves were raised. This article illustrates that asking data to fit a preconceived model or letting a sufficiently flexible model fit observed data is the main difference in principles of statistical modeling between the original Friedman curve and our average labor curve. An evidence-based approach to construct a labor curve and establish normal values should allow the statistical model to fit observed data. In addition, the presence of the deceleration phase in the active phase of an average labor curve was questioned. Forcing a deceleration phase to be part of the labor curve may have artificially raised the speed of progression in the active phase with a particularly large impact on earlier labor between 4 and 6 cm. Finally, any labor curve is illustrative and may not be instructive in managing labor because of variations in individual labor pattern and large errors in measuring cervical dilation. With the tools commonly available, it may be more productive to establish a new partogram that takes the physiology of labor and contemporary obstetric population into account. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

16 CFR 1018.32 - Compensation and travel expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Compensation and travel expenses. 1018.32 Section 1018.32 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION GENERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE MANAGEMENT Administration of Advisory Committees § 1018.32 Compensation and travel expenses. (a) A single...

Effect of music on labor pain relief, anxiety level and postpartum analgesic requirement: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

PubMed

Simavli, Serap; Gumus, Ilknur; Kaygusuz, Ikbal; Yildirim, Melahat; Usluogullari, Betul; Kafali, Hasan

2014-01-01

The control of labor pain and the prevention of suffering are major concerns of clinicians and their patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of music on labor pain and anxiety, maternal hemodynamics, fetal-neonatal parameters and postpartum analgesic requirement in primiparous women. Overall, 156 primiparous women who expected vaginal delivery were recruited and randomly assigned to a music group (n = 77) or a control group (n = 79). Women in the music group listened to music during labor. Pain intensity and anxiety level were measured using a visual analogue scale (0-10 cm). The two groups were compared in terms of pain severity, anxiety level, maternal hemodynamics, fetal-neonatal parameters and postpartum analgesic requirement. Mothers in the music therapy group had a lower level of pain and anxiety compared with those in the control group at all stages of labor (p < 0.001). A significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of maternal hemodynamics and fetal heart rate after intervention (p < 0.01). Postpartum analgesic requirement significantly decreased in the music therapy group (p < 0.01). Listening to music during labor has a positive impact on labor pain and anxiety, maternal-fetal parameters and analgesic requirement. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Labor patterns in twin gestations

PubMed Central

Leftwich, Heidi K.; Zaki, Mary N.; Wilkins, Isabelle; Hibbard, Judith U.

2014-01-01

Objective To compare labor progression in twin vs singleton gestations. Study Design Retrospective review of electronic database created by Consortium on Safe Labor, reflecting labor and delivery information from 12 clinical centers 2002-2008. Women with twin gestations, cephalic presentation of presenting twin, gestational age ≥34 weeks, with ≥2 cervical examinations were included. Exclusion criteria were fetal anomalies or demise. Singleton controls were selected by the same criteria. Categorical variables were analyzed by χ2; continuous by Student t test. Interval censored regression was used to determine distribution for time of cervical dilation in centimeters, or “traverse times,” and controlled for confounding factors. Repeated-measures analysis constructed mean labor curves by parity and number of fetuses. Results A total of 891 twin gestations were compared with 100,513 singleton controls. Twin gestations were more often older, white or African American, earlier gestational age, increased prepregnancy body mass index, and with lower birthweight. There was no difference in number of prior cesarean deliveries, induction, or augmentation, or epidural use. Median traverse times increased at every centimeter interval in nulliparous twins, in both unadjusted and adjusted analysis (P < .01). A similar pattern was noted for multiparas in both analyses. Labor curves demonstrated a delayed inflection point in the labor pattern for nulliparous and multiparous twin gestations. Conclusion Both nulliparous and multiparous women have slower progression of active phase labor with twins even when controlling for confounding factors. PMID:23871795

47 CFR 32.6510 - Other property, plant and equipment expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6510 Other property, plant and equipment expenses. Class B telephone companies shall use this account for expenses of the type and character required of Class A companies in Accounts 6511 and 6512...

A Guide to Child Labor Provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions (DOL), Washington, DC.

This revised guide to the child labor provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act contains general information useful to employers and coordinators of cooperative and work experience programs involving employment of youth under 18 years of age. Included in the document are provisions relating to: (1) age standards, (2) coverage of the act, (3)…

Development of a method to analyze orthopaedic practice expenses.

PubMed

Brinker, M R; Pierce, P; Siegel, G

2000-03-01

The purpose of the current investigation was to present a standard method by which an orthopaedic practice can analyze its practice expenses. To accomplish this, a five-step process was developed to analyze practice expenses using a modified version of activity-based costing. In this method, general ledger expenses were assigned to 17 activities that encompass all the tasks and processes typically performed in an orthopaedic practice. These 17 activities were identified in a practice expense study conducted for the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. To calculate the cost of each activity, financial data were used from a group of 19 orthopaedic surgeons in Houston, Texas. The activities that consumed the largest portion of the employee work force (person hours) were service patients in office (25.0% of all person hours), maintain medical records (13.6% of all person hours), and resolve collection disputes and rebill charges (12.3% of all person hours). The activities that comprised the largest portion of the total expenses were maintain facility (21.4%), service patients in office (16.0%), and sustain business by managing and coordinating practice (13.8%). The five-step process of analyzing practice expenses was relatively easy to perform and it may be used reliably by most orthopaedic practices.

29 CFR 780.315 - Local hand harvest laborers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Local hand harvest laborers. 780.315 Section 780.315 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL...) Statutory Provisions § 780.315 Local hand harvest laborers. (a) A requirement of the exemption is that an...

48 CFR 31.205-28 - Other business expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Other business expenses. 31.205-28 Section 31.205-28 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION... Organizations 31.205-28 Other business expenses. The following types of recurring costs are allowable (a...

48 CFR 31.205-28 - Other business expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Other business expenses. 31.205-28 Section 31.205-28 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION... Organizations 31.205-28 Other business expenses. The following types of recurring costs are allowable (a...

17 CFR 256.152 - Fuel stock expenses undistributed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Fuel stock expenses... (CONTINUED) UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR MUTUAL SERVICE COMPANIES AND SUBSIDIARY SERVICE COMPANIES, PUBLIC UTILITY HOLDING COMPANY ACT OF 1935 3. Current and Accrued Assets § 256.152 Fuel stock expenses...

47 CFR 32.6121 - Land and building expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... operate the telecommunications network shall be charged to Account 6531, Power Expense, and the cost of separately metered electricity used for operating specific types of equipment, such as computers, shall be... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6121 Land and...

47 CFR 32.6121 - Land and building expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... operate the telecommunications network shall be charged to Account 6531, Power Expense, and the cost of separately metered electricity used for operating specific types of equipment, such as computers, shall be... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6121 Land and...

47 CFR 32.6121 - Land and building expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... operate the telecommunications network shall be charged to Account 6531, Power Expense, and the cost of separately metered electricity used for operating specific types of equipment, such as computers, shall be... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6121 Land and...

47 CFR 32.6121 - Land and building expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... operate the telecommunications network shall be charged to Account 6531, Power Expense, and the cost of separately metered electricity used for operating specific types of equipment, such as computers, shall be... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6121 Land and...

47 CFR 32.6121 - Land and building expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... operate the telecommunications network shall be charged to Account 6531, Power Expense, and the cost of separately metered electricity used for operating specific types of equipment, such as computers, shall be... SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Expense Accounts § 32.6121 Land and...

48 CFR 31.205-28 - Other business expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Other business expenses. 31.205-28 Section 31.205-28 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION... Organizations 31.205-28 Other business expenses. The following types of recurring costs are allowable (a...

[Labor rights and the organization of workers in a context of change in labor relations: effects on health workers].

PubMed

Pessanha, Elina Gonçalves da Fonte; Artur, Karen

2013-06-01

This paper presents the main institutional changes in labor relations in Brazil, highlighting their impact on the organization of workers. A more recent central change is the regulation of outsourcing by the Labor Judiciary. Research into claims in the Superior Labor Court, guidelines from the Labor Prosecution Office, and trade union lawsuits, show that outsourcing and working hours are subjects which have directly affected health workers. By addressing the institutional principles of justice in contracts, it was concluded that labor reform should deal with the inequality of rights that have characterized the Brazilian labor market.

The shape of uterine contractions and labor progress in the spontaneous active labor.

PubMed

Ebrahimzadeh Zagami, Samira; Golmakani, Nahid; Saadatjoo, Seyyed Ali-Reza; Ghomian, Nayyereh; Baghbani, Behjat

2015-03-01

Dystocia is the most common indication of primary cesarean section. The most common cause of dystocia is uterine dysfunction. In prolonged labor, more attention is usually paid to the fetus and pelvis rather than to the role of uterine contractions in a delivery. Therefore, we decided to determine the relationship between the labor progress and uterine contractions shapes. In this cross-sectional study, 200 primiparous women participated having a single pregnancy and cephalic presentation. Uterus contractions were recorded using electronic fetal monitoring at the beginning of the active phase of labor (dilatation 3-5 cm) for 30 min. Fall to rise (F:R) ratio was calculated by determining the duration of returning from a contraction peak to its baseline (fall) and the duration of the rise time from baseline to peak (rise) in two groups. The data were analyzed using t-test and Chi-square test. In this study, 162 women had a normal delivery and 38 women had a cesarean (CS) delivery due to the lack of labor progress. The average F:R ratio was 1.13±0.193 seconds in the vaginal delivery group and 1.64±0.301 seconds in the CS group. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The frequency of contractions in the vaginal delivery group was more than the CS group (P=0.008). Our findings demonstrated that uterine contractions shapes change; and F:R ratio was higher in the group that lacked labor progress. Therefore, contraction shapes can be used to predict the labor progress.

18 CFR 367.9280 - Account 928, Regulatory commission expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... such commission, its officers, agents and employees, and for filings or reports made under regulations... printing, traveling expenses, and other expenses incurred directly in connection with formal cases before...

A global perspective on foreign contract labor.

PubMed

Smart, J E; Casco, R R

1988-01-01

This paper provides a general overview on foreign contract labor. The growth in the use of foreign contract labor is described with reference to other types of international labor movements such as 1) illegal, undocumented, or irregular migration; 2) free migration; and 3) permanent settlement migration. Within this general context, the various national advantages and disadvantages of contract labor are outlined. Particular issues like the role of trade unions and the likely future international labor circulation are noted. The 1984 World Labour Report estimates a global stock of almost 22 million foreign workers. Despite lack of reliable data, the size of irregular labor flows is considerable. More than 4 million undocumented workers, primarily Mexicans, can be found in the US alone. Other major flows of illegal labor go from China to Hong Kong, Malaysia to Singapore, Columbia to Venezuela, and poor Arab countries to oil-exporting countries in the Middle East. Laws are often poorly enforced and contradictory. Employers often actively recruit illegal migrants. While permanent migration was formerly the primary source of foreign workers, the numbers migrating in this manner are decreasing significantly. In absolute terms, host countries gain considerably more through the use of contract labor than sending countries. The pervasive commitment of national governments to economic growth is a prime consideration in the decision to import foreign labor. In general, trade unions have created an environment wherein the use of foreign labor in the formal as opposed to the informal labor market is more difficult. The disadvantages of labor export include the costs of family separation, worker exploitation, and cultural alienation. Remittances constitute the most tangible return of labor export. In many countries they have made a very considerable impact on the balance of payments deficit.

45 CFR 1801.40 - Travel expenses of finalists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Travel expenses of finalists. 1801.40 Section 1801... FOUNDATION HARRY S. TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM Payments to Finalists and Scholars § 1801.40 Travel expenses of finalists. The Foundation will provide partial funding for intercity round-trip transportation...

18 CFR 367.9130 - Account 913, Advertising expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

..., Advertising expenses. 367.9130 Section 367.9130 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... GAS ACT Operation and Maintenance Expense Chart of Accounts § 367.9130 Account 913, Advertising... advertising designed to promote or retain the use of services provided by the service company or the companies...

18 CFR 367.9130 - Account 913, Advertising expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

..., Advertising expenses. 367.9130 Section 367.9130 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... GAS ACT Operation and Maintenance Expense Chart of Accounts § 367.9130 Account 913, Advertising... advertising designed to promote or retain the use of services provided by the service company or the companies...

18 CFR 367.9130 - Account 913, Advertising expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

..., Advertising expenses. 367.9130 Section 367.9130 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... GAS ACT Operation and Maintenance Expense Chart of Accounts § 367.9130 Account 913, Advertising... advertising designed to promote or retain the use of services provided by the service company or the companies...

18 CFR 367.9130 - Account 913, Advertising expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., Advertising expenses. 367.9130 Section 367.9130 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... GAS ACT Operation and Maintenance Expense Chart of Accounts § 367.9130 Account 913, Advertising... advertising designed to promote or retain the use of services provided by the service company or the companies...

45 CFR 1801.40 - Travel expenses of finalists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Travel expenses of finalists. 1801.40 Section 1801.40 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) HARRY S. TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP FOUNDATION HARRY S. TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM Payments to Finalists and Scholars § 1801.40 Travel expenses...

45 CFR 1801.40 - Travel expenses of finalists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Travel expenses of finalists. 1801.40 Section 1801.40 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) HARRY S. TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP FOUNDATION HARRY S. TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM Payments to Finalists and Scholars § 1801.40 Travel expenses...

45 CFR 1801.40 - Travel expenses of finalists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Travel expenses of finalists. 1801.40 Section 1801.40 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) HARRY S. TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP FOUNDATION HARRY S. TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM Payments to Finalists and Scholars § 1801.40 Travel expenses...

45 CFR 1801.40 - Travel expenses of finalists.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Travel expenses of finalists. 1801.40 Section 1801.40 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) HARRY S. TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP FOUNDATION HARRY S. TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM Payments to Finalists and Scholars § 1801.40 Travel expenses...

17 CFR 256.403 - Depreciation and amortization expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Depreciation and amortization... UTILITY HOLDING COMPANY ACT OF 1935 Income and Expense Accounts § 256.403 Depreciation and amortization expense. This account shall include the amount of depreciation and amortization for all service plant, and...

32 CFR 534.2 - Allowable expenses for reporters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Allowable expenses for reporters. 534.2 Section 534.2 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY CLAIMS AND ACCOUNTS MILITARY COURT FEES § 534.2 Allowable expenses for reporters. (a) General. Reporters appointed under the...

Student Expenses in Residency Interviewing

PubMed Central

Walling, Anne; Nilsen, Kari; Callaway, Paul; Grothusen, Jill; Gillenwater, Cole; King, Samantha; Unruh, Gregory

2017-01-01

Background The student costs of residency interviewing are of increasing concern but limited current information is available. Updated, more detailed information would assist students and residency programs in decisions about residency selection. The study objective was to measure the expenses and time spent in residency interviewing by the 2016 graduating class of the University of Kansas School of Medicine and assess the impact of gender, regional campus location, and primary care application. Methods All 195 students who participated in the 2016 National Residency Matching Program (NRMP) received a 33 item questionnaire addressing interviewing activity, expenses incurred, time invested and related factors. Main measures were self-reported estimates of expenses and time spent interviewing. Descriptive analyses were applied to participant characteristics and responses. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and chi-square tests compared students by gender, campus (main/regional), and primary care/other specialties. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) on the dependent variables provided follow-up tests on significant MANOVA results. Results A total of 163 students (84%) completed the survey. The average student reported 38 (1–124) applications, 16 (1–54) invitations, 11 (1–28) completed interviews, and spent $3,500 ($20–$12,000) and 26 (1–90) days interviewing. No significant differences were found by gender. After MANOVA and ANOVA analyses, non-primary care applicants reported significantly more applications, interviews, and expenditures, but less program financial support. Regional campus students reported significantly fewer invitations, interviews, and days interviewing, but equivalent costs when controlled for primary care application. Cost was a limiting factor in accepting interviews for 63% and time for 53% of study respondents. Conclusions Students reported investing significant time and money in interviewing. After controlling for other variables

19 CFR 151.29 - Expense of unlading and handling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Molasses § 151.29 Expense of unlading and handling. No expense incidental to the unlading, transporting, or handling of sugar, sirup, or molasses for convenient weighing, gaging, measuring, sampling, or marking...

19 CFR 151.29 - Expense of unlading and handling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Molasses § 151.29 Expense of unlading and handling. No expense incidental to the unlading, transporting, or handling of sugar, sirup, or molasses for convenient weighing, gaging, measuring, sampling, or marking...

15 CFR 18.7 - Allowable fees and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 18.7 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce ATTORNEY'S FEES AND OTHER EXPENSES General Provisions § 18.7 Allowable fees and expenses. (a) Awards will be based on rates customarily charged by persons engaged in the business of acting as attorneys, agents and expert witnesses...

32 CFR 534.3 - Allowable expenses for witnesses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Allowable expenses for witnesses. 534.3 Section 534.3 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY CLAIMS AND ACCOUNTS MILITARY COURT FEES § 534.3 Allowable expenses for witnesses. (a) Military members—(1) On active duty...

47 CFR 32.6424 - Submarine and deep sea cable expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Submarine and deep sea cable expense. 32.6424... Submarine and deep sea cable expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with submarine and deep sea cable. (b) Subsidiary record categories shall be maintained as provided in § 32.2424. [67 FR...

47 CFR 32.6424 - Submarine and deep sea cable expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Submarine and deep sea cable expense. 32.6424... Submarine and deep sea cable expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with submarine and deep sea cable. (b) Subsidiary record categories shall be maintained as provided in § 32.2424. [67 FR...

47 CFR 32.6424 - Submarine and deep sea cable expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Submarine and deep sea cable expense. 32.6424... Submarine and deep sea cable expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with submarine and deep sea cable. (b) Subsidiary record categories shall be maintained as provided in § 32.2424. [67 FR...

47 CFR 32.6424 - Submarine and deep sea cable expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Submarine and deep sea cable expense. 32.6424... Submarine and deep sea cable expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with submarine and deep sea cable. (b) Subsidiary record categories shall be maintained as provided in § 32.2424. [67 FR...

47 CFR 32.6424 - Submarine and deep sea cable expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Submarine and deep sea cable expense. 32.6424... Submarine and deep sea cable expense. (a) This account shall include expenses associated with submarine and deep sea cable. (b) Subsidiary record categories shall be maintained as provided in § 32.2424. [67 FR...

26 CFR 1.262-1 - Personal, living, and family expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... trade or business expenses). (c) Cross references. Certain items of a personal, living, or family nature... 26 Internal Revenue 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Personal, living, and family expenses. 1.262-1... TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Items Not Deductible § 1.262-1 Personal, living, and family expenses. (a...

MIGRATORY LABOR IN COLORADO.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DOUGLASS, M.R.; AND OTHERS

CONDITIONS AND PROBLEMS RELATING TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF SEASONAL FARM WORKERS AND MIGRANTS IN COLORADO ARE PRESENTED. THE FIVE MAJOR SEASONAL FARM LABOR STATE EMPLOYMENT AREAS ARE SURVEYED ACCORDING TO (1) THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SEASONAL FARM LABOR (4) TRENDS IN AGRICULTURAL ACREAGE, PRODUCTION, AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, (5) COMMUNITY ATTITUDES AND…

Expensing options solves nothing.

PubMed

Sahlman, William A

2002-12-01

The use of stock options for executive compensation has become a lightning rod for public anger, and it's easy to see why. Many top executives grew hugely rich on the back of the gains they made on their options, profits they've been able to keep even as the value they were supposed to create disappeared. The supposed scam works like this: Current accounting regulations let companies ignore the cost of option grants on their income statements, so they can award valuable option packages without affecting reported earnings. Not charging the cost of the grants supposedly leads to overstated earnings, which purportedly translate into unrealistically high share prices, permitting top executives to realize big gains when they exercise their options. If an accounting anomaly is the problem, then the solution seems obvious: Write off executive share options against the current year's revenues. The trouble is, Sahlman writes, expensing option grants won't give us a more accurate view of earnings, won't add any information not already included in the financial statements, and won't even lead to equal treatment of different forms of executive pay. Far worse, expensing evades the real issue, which is whether compensation (options and other-wise) does what it's supposed to do--namely, help a company recruit, retain, and provide the right people with appropriate performance incentives. Any performance-based compensation system has the potential to encourage cheating. Only ethical management, sensible governance, adequate internal control systems, and comprehensive disclosure will save the investor from disaster. If, Sahlman warns, we pass laws that require the expensing of options, thinking that's fixed the fundamental flaws in corporate America's accounting, we will have missed a golden opportunity to focus on the much more extensive defects in the present system.

48 CFR 16.602 - Labor-hour contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor-hour contracts. 16... METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES TYPES OF CONTRACTS Time-and-Materials, Labor-Hour, and Letter Contracts 16.602 Labor-hour contracts. Description. A labor-hour contract is a variation of the time-and-materials...

Maternal inflammatory markers and term labor performance.

PubMed

Cierny, Jill T; Unal, E Ramsey; Flood, Pamela; Rhee, Ka Young; Praktish, Allison; Olson, Tara Hudak; Goetzl, Laura

2014-05-01

We sought to examine the relationship between maternal markers of inflammation and labor performance. A nested cohort study was performed utilizing an established cohort of term nulliparous patients. Maternal blood was collected at the onset of regular, painful contractions in patients undergoing labor induction or at admission in patients with spontaneous labor. Levels of cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were determined using standard multiplex methodology. Maternal demographic data were collected prospectively. Detailed retrospective chart review was performed to extract data on cervical dilation, effacement, and station during labor. Subjects were excluded if they failed to achieve complete dilation. Mixed effects modeling was used to examine the association between serum cytokine quartiles and labor progress in the latent and active phases. In all, 334 women were included in our analysis. The lowest quartile of IL-6 was associated with slower latent labor (P = .001). In contrast, the highest quartiles of IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α were associated with slower active labor (P = .03 and .0002, respectively). Proinflammatory activation is important in labor initiation. However, once active labor is established, excess inflammation can be detrimental to efficient labor progress. These data may explain, in part, the known associations among clinical chorioamnionitis, cesarean delivery, and postpartum hemorrhage. Copyright © 2014 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

45 CFR 1206.1-9 - Right to counsel; travel expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Right to counsel; travel expenses. 1206.1-9... FOR REFUNDING Suspension and Termination of Assistance § 1206.1-9 Right to counsel; travel expenses... Federal grant monies they have received for the project to pay the fees, travel, and per diem expenses of...

29 CFR 402.2 - Labor organization initial information report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Labor organization initial information report. 402.2... LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS LABOR ORGANIZATION INFORMATION REPORTS § 402.2 Labor organization initial information report. Every labor organization shall file a report signed by its president and...

29 CFR 402.2 - Labor organization initial information report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Labor organization initial information report. 402.2... LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS LABOR ORGANIZATION INFORMATION REPORTS § 402.2 Labor organization initial information report. Every labor organization shall file a report signed by its president and...

29 CFR 402.2 - Labor organization initial information report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Labor organization initial information report. 402.2... LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS LABOR ORGANIZATION INFORMATION REPORTS § 402.2 Labor organization initial information report. Every labor organization shall file a report signed by its president and...

29 CFR 402.2 - Labor organization initial information report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Labor organization initial information report. 402.2... LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS LABOR ORGANIZATION INFORMATION REPORTS § 402.2 Labor organization initial information report. Every labor organization shall file a report signed by its president and...

29 CFR 402.2 - Labor organization initial information report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Labor organization initial information report. 402.2... LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS LABOR ORGANIZATION INFORMATION REPORTS § 402.2 Labor organization initial information report. Every labor organization shall file a report signed by its president and...

20 CFR 404.1576 - Impairment-related work expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Impairment-related work expenses. 404.1576... Impairment-related work expenses. (a) General. When we figure your earnings in deciding if you have done..., because of your impairment(s), you need and use to enable you to work. The costs are deductible even...

34 CFR 21.33 - Allowable fees and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Allowable fees and expenses. 21.33 Section 21.33 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE How Does One Apply for an... expenses. (3) The cost of any study, analysis, engineering report, test, or project related to the...

22 CFR 901.19 - Labor organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Labor organization. 901.19 Section 901.19 Foreign Relations FOREIGN SERVICE GRIEVANCE BOARD GENERAL Meanings of Terms As Used in This Chapter § 901.19 Labor organization. Labor organization means any employee organization accorded recognition as the...

20 CFR 652.9 - Labor disputes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Labor disputes. 652.9 Section 652.9 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ESTABLISHMENT AND FUNCTIONING OF STATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICES Employment Service Operations § 652.9 Labor disputes. (a) State agencies shall make no...

43 CFR 20.512 - Labor practices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor practices. 20.512 Section 20.512... Other Employee Conduct Provisions § 20.512 Labor practices. Employees are prohibited from striking... with employee organizations is found in the Department Manual, Part 370, Chapter 711, Labor Management...

48 CFR 1422.101-3 - Reporting labor disputes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Reporting labor disputes... SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 1422.101-3 Reporting labor disputes. Labor disputes that may interfere with contract performance shall be reported to...

Comparison of induction of labor methods for unfavorable cervices in trial of labor after cesarean delivery.

PubMed

Shah, Utsavi; Bellows, Patricia; Drexler, Kathleen; Hawley, Lauren; Davidson, Christina; Sangi-Haghpeykar, Haleh; Gandhi, Manisha

2017-05-01

To compare induction of labor methods in patients attempting a trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) with an unfavorable cervix. This is a retrospective cohort study from patients attempting TOLAC from 2009 to 2013. Patients with a simplified Bishop score of three or less where labor was initiated with either a Cook balloon or oxytocin were included. Our primary outcome was mode of delivery. Our secondary outcomes included duration of labor and multiple maternal and neonatal morbidities. Two-hundred and fourteen women met inclusion criteria: 150 received oxytocin and 64 had the Cook balloon placed. The vaginal birth after cesarean delivery rate was significantly higher in the oxytocin group at 70.7% versus 50.0% in the Cook balloon group (p = 0.004). In the multivariable analysis, odds for cesarean delivery were two times higher with the Cook balloon than with oxytocin (Adjusted OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.05-4.18, p = 0.036). The duration of labor was longer with the Cook balloon versus oxytocin (21.9 versus 16.3 hours, p = 0.0002). There were no significant differences in maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Oxytocin induction of labor was associated with a higher rate of vaginal delivery and a shorter duration of labor compared to the Cook balloon in women undergoing TOLAC with an unfavorable cervix.

26 CFR 1.41-3A - Base period research expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Base period research expense. 1.41-3A Section 1... Research Credit-for Taxable Years Beginning Before January 1, 1990 § 1.41-3A Base period research expense... average qualified research expenses during the base period), the taxpayer shall be treated as— (1) Having...

26 CFR 1.41-3A - Base period research expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true Base period research expense. 1.41-3A Section 1... Research Credit-for Taxable Years Beginning Before January 1, 1990 § 1.41-3A Base period research expense... average qualified research expenses during the base period), the taxpayer shall be treated as— (1) Having...

26 CFR 1.41-3A - Base period research expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Base period research expense. 1.41-3A Section 1... Research Credit-for Taxable Years Beginning Before January 1, 1990 § 1.41-3A Base period research expense... average qualified research expenses during the base period), the taxpayer shall be treated as— (1) Having...

26 CFR 1.41-3A - Base period research expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Base period research expense. 1.41-3A Section 1... Research Credit-for Taxable Years Beginning Before January 1, 1990 § 1.41-3A Base period research expense... average qualified research expenses during the base period), the taxpayer shall be treated as— (1) Having...

26 CFR 1.41-3A - Base period research expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Base period research expense. 1.41-3A Section 1... Research Credit-for Taxable Years Beginning Before January 1, 1990 § 1.41-3A Base period research expense... average qualified research expenses during the base period), the taxpayer shall be treated as— (1) Having...

7 CFR 1230.70 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PORK PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND CONSUMER INFORMATION Pork Promotion, Research, and Consumer Information Order Expenses and Assessments... reasonable reserve that would permit an effective promotion, research, and consumer information program to...

Linkages between organization climate and work outcomes: perceptual differences among health service professionals as a function of customer contact intensity.

PubMed

Scotti, Dennis J; Harmon, Joel

2014-01-01

The delivery of high-quality service, rendered by health service professionals who interact with customers (patients), increases the likelihood that customers will form positive evaluations of the quality of their service encounters as well as high levels of customer satisfaction. Using linkage theory to develop our conceptual framework, we identify four clusters of variables which contribute to a chain of sequential events that connect organization climate to personal and operational work outcomes. We then examine the perceptual differences of service professionals, grouped by intensity of customer contact, with respect to these variables. National data for this project were obtained from multiple sources made available by the Veterans Healthcare Administration (VHA). Cross-group differences were tested using a series of variance analyses. The results indicate that level of customer-contact intensity plays a significant role in explaining variation in perceptions of support staff, clinical practitioners, and nurses at the multivariate and univariate levels of analysis. Contact intensity appears to be a core determinant of the nature of work performed by health service professionals as well as their psychological responses to organizational and customer-related dynamics. Health service professionals are important resources because of their specialized knowledge, labor expense, and scarcity. Based on findings from our research, managers are advised to survey employees' perceptions of their organizational environment and design practices that respond to the unique viewpoints of each of the professional groups identified in this study. Such tailoring should help executives maximize the value of investments in human resources by underwriting patient satisfaction and financial sustainability.

11 CFR 106.4 - Allocation of polling expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Allocation of polling expenses. 106.4 Section... ACTIVITIES § 106.4 Allocation of polling expenses. (a) The purchase of opinion poll results by a candidate or... cost allocation formula of the polling firm from which the results are purchased. Under this method the...

20 CFR 416.976 - Impairment-related work expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Impairment-related work expenses. 416.976... Impairment-related work expenses. (a) General. When we figure your earnings in deciding if you have done...), you need and use to enable you to work. The costs are deductible even though you also need or use the...

26 CFR 1.41-2 - Qualified research expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true Qualified research expenses. 1.41-2 Section 1.41... research and experimental expenses) are not necessarily paid or incurred in carrying on a trade or business... compiling research data, and of a machinist for machining a part of an experimental model used in qualified...

26 CFR 1.41-2 - Qualified research expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Qualified research expenses. 1.41-2 Section 1.41... research and experimental expenses) are not necessarily paid or incurred in carrying on a trade or business... compiling research data, and of a machinist for machining a part of an experimental model used in qualified...

26 CFR 1.41-2 - Qualified research expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Qualified research expenses. 1.41-2 Section 1.41... research and experimental expenses) are not necessarily paid or incurred in carrying on a trade or business... compiling research data, and of a machinist for machining a part of an experimental model used in qualified...

Expensing stock options: a fair-value approach.

PubMed

Kaplan, Robert S; Palepu, Krishna G

2003-12-01

Now that companies such as General Electric and Citigroup have accepted the premise that employee stock options are an expense, the debate is shifting from whether to report options on income statements to how to report them. The authors present a new accounting mechanism that maintains the rationale underlying stock option expensing while addressing critics' concerns about measurement error and the lack of reconciliation to actual experience. A procedure they call fair-value expensing adjusts and eventually reconciles cost estimates made at grant date with subsequent changes in the value of the options, and it does so in a way that eliminates forecasting and measurement errors over time. The method captures the chief characteristic of stock option compensation--that employees receive part of their compensation in the form of a contingent claim on the value they are helping to produce. The mechanism involves creating entries on both the asset and equity sides of the balance sheet. On the asset side, companies create a prepaid-compensation account equal to the estimated cost of the options granted; on the owners'-equity side, they create a paid-in capital stock-option account for the same amount. The prepaid-compensation account is then expensed through the income statement, and the stock option account is adjusted on the balance sheet to reflect changes in the estimated fair value of the granted options. The amortization of prepaid compensation is added to the change in the option grant's value to provide the total reported expense of the options grant for the year. At the end of the vesting period, the company uses the fair value of the vested option to make a final adjustment on the income statement to reconcile any difference between that fair value and the total of the amounts already reported.

Child Labor: Labor Can Strengthen Its Efforts To Protect Children Who Work. Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, Committee on Appropriations, U.S. Senate.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.

Occupational safety and health data and labor statistics were evaluated in order to update a 1991 report on child labor. Data were from the Bureau of Labor Statistics; Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); the Department of Labor's (DOL's) investigations database and individual…

Labor and the Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, Washington, DC.

Recent studies confirm that organized labor's role in society does not get fair treatment in the social studies and American history courses of the nation's schools. The report covers the first stage of AFL-CIO efforts in dealing with this problem, bringing together concerned persons in labor and education. Following the opening of the conference…

Labor characteristics and program costs of a successful diabetes disease management program.

PubMed

Rothman, Russell L; So, Stephanie A; Shin, John; Malone, Robert M; Bryant, Betsy; Dewalt, Darren A; Pignone, Michael P; Dittus, Robert S

2006-05-01

Organizations have invested in disease management programs to improve quality and to reduce costs, but little is known about the labor characteristics and the program costs necessary to implement a program. To examine the labor characteristics and the program costs of a successful diabetes disease management program. We performed a labor and cost analysis within a randomized controlled trial of a primary care-based diabetes disease management intervention. Participants included 217 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and poor glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin levels, > or = 8.0%). The intervention group received 12 months of intensive management from clinical pharmacists and a diabetes care coordinator who provided education, applied algorithms for medication management, and addressed barriers to care. The control group attended a single session led by pharmacists, followed by usual care from their primary providers. The process outcomes included the number of patient care-related activities, time spent per patient, and number of drug titrations or additions. The program costs were calculated based on Bureau of Labor Statistics wage data using a sensitivity analysis. The disease management team performed a mean of 4.0 care-related activities for a mean of 38.6 minutes per patient per month for intervention patients and performed a mean of 1.1 care-related activities for a mean of 10.7 minutes per patient per month for control patients (P < .001). Intervention patients had a median of 7 drug titrations or additions during the study. The incremental program cost for the intervention was 36.97 dollars (sensitivity analysis, 6.22 dollars-88.56 dollars) per patient per month. A successful diabetes disease management program can be integrated into an academic clinic for modest labor and cost.

24 CFR 200.33 - Labor standards

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Labor standards 200.33 Section 200... Eligibility Requirements for Existing Projects Miscellaneous Cross Cutting Regulations § 200.33 Labor standards (a) The requirements set forth in 29 CFR parts 1, 3 and 5 for compliance with labor standards laws...

29 CFR 780.315 - Local hand harvest laborers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(a)(6... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Local hand harvest laborers. 780.315 Section 780.315 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL...

Labor Market Work and Home Care's Unpaid Caregivers: A Systematic Review of Labor Force Participation Rates, Predictors of Labor Market Withdrawal, and Hours of Work

PubMed Central

Lilly, Meredith B; Laporte, Audrey; Coyte, Peter C

2007-01-01

As people continue to age and receive complex health care services at home, concern has arisen about the availability of family caregivers and their ability to combine employment with caregiving. This article evaluates the international research on unpaid caregivers and their labor market choices, highlighting three conclusions: first, caregivers in general are equally as likely to be in the labor force as noncaregivers; second, caregivers are more likely to work fewer hours in the labor market than noncaregivers, particularly if their caring commitments are heavy; and finally, only those heavily involved in caregiving are significantly more likely to withdraw from the labor market than noncaregivers. Policy recommendations are targeting greater access to formal care for “intensive” caregivers and developing workplace policies for employed caregivers. PMID:18070333

14 CFR 10 - Functional Classification-Operating Expenses of Group I Air Carriers

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... shall include expenses incurred directly in the in-flight operation of aircraft and expenses attaching...-flight status. (b) This function shall not include expenses incurred in repairing, servicing or storing... aircraft or aircraft operational personnel for flight assignment. Such expenses shall be included in...

The assessment of labor: a brief history.

PubMed

Cohen, Wayne R; Friedman, Emanuel A

2018-01-26

In the 1930s, investigators in the US, Germany and Switzerland made the first attempts to quantify the course of labor in a clinically meaningful way. They emphasized the rupture of membranes as a pivotal event governing labor progress. Attention was also placed on the total number of contractions as a guide to normality. Beginning in the 1950s, Friedman determined that changes in cervical dilatation and fetal station over time were the most useful parameters for the assessment of labor progress. He showed all normal labors had similar patterns of dilatation and descent, differing only in the durations and slopes of their component parts. These observations led to the formulation of criteria that elevated the assessment of labor from a rather arbitrary exercise to one guided by scientific objectivity. Researchers worldwide confirmed the basic nature of labor curves and validated their functionality. This system allows us to quantify the effects of parity, analgesia, maternal obesity, prior cesarean, maternal age, and fetal presentation and position on labor. It permits analysis of outcomes associated with labor aberrations, quantifies the effectiveness of treatments and assesses the need for cesarean delivery. Also, dysfunctional labor patterns serve as indicators of short- and long-term risks to offspring. We still lack the necessary translational research to link the physiologic manifestations of uterine contractility with changes in dilatation and descent. Recent efforts to interpret electrohysterographic patterns hold promise in this regard, as does preliminary exploration into the molecular basis of dysfunctional labor. For now, the clinician is best served by a system of labor assessment proposed more than 60 years ago and embellished upon in considerable detail since.

24 CFR 1003.603 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Labor standards. 1003.603 Section... § 1003.603 Labor standards. In accordance with the authority under section 107(e)(2) of the Act, the Secretary waives the provisions of section 110 of the Act (Labor Standards) with respect to this part...

47 CFR 69.408 - All other customer services expenses in Account 6620.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false All other customer services expenses in Account... CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) ACCESS CHARGES Apportionment of Expenses § 69.408 All other customer services expenses in Account 6620. All other customer services expenses shall be apportioned among the Interexchange...

7 CFR 983.70 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses. 983.70 Section 983.70 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PISTACHIOS GROWN IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 905.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses. 905.40 Section 905.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORANGES, GRAPEFRUIT, TANGERINES, AND...

What Drives National Differences in Intensive Grandparental Childcare in Europe?

PubMed Central

Glaser, Karen; Price, Debora; Ribe, Eloi; Tinker, Anthea

2016-01-01

Objectives. Grandparents play an important role in looking after grandchildren, although intensive grandparental childcare varies considerably across Europe. Few studies have explicitly investigated the extent to which such cross-national variations are associated with national level differences in individual demographic and socio-economic distributions along with contextual-structural and cultural factors (e.g., variations in female labor force participation, childcare provision, and cultural attitudes). Methods. We used multilevel models to examine associations between intensive grandparental childcare and contextual-structural and cultural factors, after controlling for grandparent, parent, and child characteristics using nationally representative data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Results. Even controlling for cross-national differences in demographic and socio-economic distributions, contextual-structural factors play an important role in explaining grandparental childcare variations in Europe. In particular, higher levels of intensive grandparental childcare are found in countries with low labor force participation among younger and older women, and low formal childcare provision, where mothers in paid work largely rely on grandparental support on an almost daily basis. Discussion. Encouraging older women to remain in paid work is likely to have an impact on grandchild care which in turn may affect mothers’ employment, particularly in Southern European countries where there is little formal childcare. PMID:25783973

Labor for thinning--trends and prospects

Treesearch

James E. Granskog

1980-01-01

The labor supply for timber harvesting has been a chronic issue for the southern pulp and paper industry since the mid-1950s. Whenever woodyard inventories drop substantially below desired levels, a renewed chorus of "Wood Labor Crisis" laments the dwindling labor force in a time of rising wood needs. Now that large acreages of pine plantations are reaching...

Effect of sacrum-perineum heat therapy on active phase labor pain and client satisfaction: a randomized, controlled trial study.

PubMed

Taavoni, Simin; Abdolahian, Somayeh; Haghani, Hamid

2013-09-01

Reduction of labor pain is one of the most important aspects of obstetric care. Heat therapy, typically applied to the woman's back, lower abdomen, groin, and/or perineum during last stage of labor, is an easy pain relief method that does not require highly skilled care. The effectiveness of heat therapy applied to the perineum during the first stage of labor has not been evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of heat therapy for pain and woman's satisfaction during physiological labor. Sixty primiparous women aged 18-35 years old were randomly assigned to heat therapy and control groups. Pain and satisfaction scores were measured by visual analog scale. The measurements of satisfaction were accomplished after birth. Data were analyzed by using the t-test and chi-square Mean pain scores in the heat therapy group were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The mean satisfaction score in the heat therapy group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Heat therapy, an inexpensive complementary treatment with low risk, can reduce the intensity of pain and increase mothers' satisfaction with care during the active phase of labor. Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The effect of uterine fundal pressure on the duration of the second stage of labor: a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Api, Olus; Balcin, Muge Emeksiz; Ugurel, Vedat; Api, Murat; Turan, Cem; Unal, Orhan

2009-01-01

To determine the effect of uterine fundal pressure on shortening the second stage of labor and on the fetal outcome. Randomized controlled trial. Teaching and research hospital. One hundred ninety-seven women between 37 and 42 gestational weeks with singleton cephalic presentation admitted to the delivery unit. Random allocation into groups with or without manual fundal pressure during the second stage of labor. The primary outcome measure was the duration of the second stage of labor. Secondary outcome measures were umbilical artery pH, HCO3-, base excess, pO2, pCO2 values and the rate of instrumental delivery, severe maternal morbidity/mortality, neonatal trauma, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, and neonatal death. There were no significant differences in the mean duration of the second stage of labor and secondary outcome measures except for mean pO2 which was lower and mean pCO2 which was higher in the fundal pressure group. Nevertheless, the values still remained within normal ranges and there were no neonates with an Apgar score <7 in either of the groups. Application of fundal pressure on a delivering woman was ineffective in shortening the second stage of labor.

76 FR 19909 - International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-11

... 1121-AA78 International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program AGENCY: Office of Justice... promulgating this interim-final rule for its International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program... international terrorism. DATES: Effective date: This interim-final rule is effective April 11, 2011. Comment...

7 CFR 4290.520 - Management Expenses of a RBIC.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

.... Cash Management by a RBIC ... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Management Expenses of a RBIC. 4290.520 Section 4290...) PROGRAM Managing the Operations of a RBIC Management and Compensation § 4290.520 Management Expenses of a...

Immune cells in term and preterm labor

PubMed Central

Gomez-Lopez, Nardhy; StLouis, Derek; Lehr, Marcus A; Sanchez-Rodriguez, Elly N; Arenas-Hernandez, Marcia

2014-01-01

Labor resembles an inflammatory response that includes secretion of cytokines/chemokines by resident and infiltrating immune cells into reproductive tissues and the maternal/fetal interface. Untimely activation of these inflammatory pathways leads to preterm labor, which can result in preterm birth. Preterm birth is a major determinant of neonatal mortality and morbidity; therefore, the elucidation of the process of labor at a cellular and molecular level is essential for understanding the pathophysiology of preterm labor. Here, we summarize the role of innate and adaptive immune cells in the physiological or pathological activation of labor. We review published literature regarding the role of innate and adaptive immune cells in the cervix, myometrium, fetal membranes, decidua and the fetus in late pregnancy and labor at term and preterm. Accumulating evidence suggests that innate immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages and mast cells) mediate the process of labor by releasing pro-inflammatory factors such as cytokines, chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases. Adaptive immune cells (T-cell subsets and B cells) participate in the maintenance of fetomaternal tolerance during pregnancy, and an alteration in their function or abundance may lead to labor at term or preterm. Also, immune cells that bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems (natural killer T (NKT) cells and dendritic cells (DCs)) seem to participate in the pathophysiology of preterm labor. In conclusion, a balance between innate and adaptive immune cells is required in order to sustain pregnancy; an alteration of this balance will lead to labor at term or preterm. PMID:24954221

Has price competition changed hospital revenues and expenses in New York?

PubMed

Zwanziger, Jack; Mooney, Cathleen

2005-01-01

This study analyzes the factors that influenced hospital expenses and revenues prior to and following the enactment of the New York State Health Care Reform Act of 1996 (HCRA)-the period from 1994-1999. HCRA was expected to encourage price competition which in turn was anticipated to lower hospital revenues and expenses. We measured the differential effects on hospital revenues and expenses in markets with varying degrees of competition. We also measured the relationship between hospital revenues and expenses and the increased concentration resulting from the formation of local hospital systems. We found that revenues and expenses both grew more slowly for hospitals located in more competitive markets; hospital systems that increased concentration tended to have higher revenues. In the short run at least, price competition induced by HCRA did constrain both hospital expense and revenue growth, although the increase in hospital mergers countered this trend.

The effect of aromatherapy with lavender essence on severity of labor pain and duration of labor in primiparous women.

PubMed

Yazdkhasti, Mansoreh; Pirak, Arezoo

2016-11-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lavender essence inhalation on severity of labor pain and duration of labor. This single-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 120 pregnant women in two groups. The experimental group received 2 drops of Lavender essence inhaled at three stages (4-5, 6-7, 8-9 cm cervical dilation) and severity of the labor pain and duration of labor was measured before and after intervention. The control group was treated with distilled water as a placebo in the similar ways, too. The results showed that difference in the labor pain before and after intervention in two groups was significant (P = 0/001). But there was no difference in mean duration of the active phase and the second stage of labor between the two groups. Lavender essence aromatherapy may be an effective therapeutic option for pain management for women in labor. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

7 CFR 915.31 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses. 915.31 Section 915.31 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AVOCADOS GROWN IN SOUTH FLORIDA Order...

7 CFR 993.34 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Expenses. 993.34 Section 993.34 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.80 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Expenses. 993.80 Section 993.80 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.80 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Expenses. 993.80 Section 993.80 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.80 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses. 993.80 Section 993.80 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.34 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Expenses. 993.34 Section 993.34 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.80 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Expenses. 993.80 Section 993.80 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.80 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Expenses. 993.80 Section 993.80 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 993.34 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Expenses. 993.34 Section 993.34 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DRIED PRUNES PRODUCED IN CALIFORNIA...

7 CFR 981.80 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses. 981.80 Section 981.80 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ALMONDS GROWN IN CALIFORNIA Order...

7 CFR 929.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Expenses. 929.40 Section 929.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CRANBERRIES GROWN IN STATES OF...

7 CFR 929.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Expenses. 929.40 Section 929.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CRANBERRIES GROWN IN STATES OF...

7 CFR 929.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses. 929.40 Section 929.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CRANBERRIES GROWN IN STATES OF...

7 CFR 929.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Expenses. 929.40 Section 929.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CRANBERRIES GROWN IN STATES OF...

7 CFR 929.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Expenses. 929.40 Section 929.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CRANBERRIES GROWN IN STATES OF...

7 CFR 955.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Expenses. 955.40 Section 955.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.29 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Expenses. 955.29 Section 955.29 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Expenses. 955.40 Section 955.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.29 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Expenses. 955.29 Section 955.29 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.29 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Expenses. 955.29 Section 955.29 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Expenses. 955.40 Section 955.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.29 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Expenses. 955.29 Section 955.29 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Expenses. 955.40 Section 955.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses. 955.40 Section 955.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

7 CFR 955.29 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expenses. 955.29 Section 955.29 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VIDALIA ONIONS GROWN IN GEORGIA...

Objective diagnosis of arrested labor on transperineal ultrasound.

PubMed

Nishimura, Kazuaki; Yoshimura, Kazuaki; Kubo, Tatsuhiko; Hachisuga, Toru

2016-07-01

Recent developments in transperineal ultrasound imaging of the pelvis have prompted trials to objectively evaluate labor progression for labor management. We evaluated the accuracy of transperineal ultrasound in diagnosing arrest of labor. Transperineal ultrasound and digital pelvic examinations were performed simultaneously in 63 term laboring patients (singleton fetuses in cephalic presentation). We analyzed a total of 216 ultrasound images (Sonography Volume Computer Aided Display Labor [Sono VCAD Labor®] installed in Voluson E8 ultrasound). We examined the correlation between the three ultrasound parameters head direction (HD), progression distance (PD), and progression angle (PA), and digital pelvic examination findings during labor in a transvaginal delivery group and an arrested labor group. The coefficient of correlations between HD/PD/PA and cervical dilation/fetal station were 0.667/0.657/0.706 and 0.667/0.751/0.803, respectively. The three parameters had strong correlations with digital pelvic examination (P < 0.05). In the 11 cases (17%) of cesarean section due to arrested labor, the position of the fetal head was visually unchanged on sequential ultrasound images. According to receiver operating characteristic curves, the significant cut-offs for HD, PD, and PA for arrested labor were 105° (P = 0.048), 35 mm (P = 0.048), and 120° (P = 0.001), respectively. Transperineal ultrasound imaging is helpful for objective evaluation of labor progression and the diagnosis of arrested labor. © 2016 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

The Association of Workplace Psychosocial Factors and Musculoskeletal Pain Among Korean Emotional Laborers.

PubMed

Baek, Kiook; Yang, Seonhee; Lee, Miyoung; Chung, Insung

2018-06-01

Many studies have reported negative psychological or physical effects of emotional labor. Relationship between work-related musculoskeletal disorder and psychosocial factors has been reported. To manage organizational and psychosocial factors of musculoskeletal disorder with work place intervention among emotional laborers, the factors contributing to musculoskeletal pain must be identified and clarified. Data from the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey was analyzed. Based on the questionnaire, we selected emotional laborers and included 3,979 participants, excluding participants whose variables were of interest to the researcher. Weight variable was applied. The association with musculoskeletal pain and psychosocial factors, such as workload, monotonous work, job control, social support, and job satisfaction, was investigated. Univariate analysis demonstrated that there was a statistically significant relationship between social support, job satisfaction, and musculoskeletal pain. In multivariate analysis, job satisfaction showed a strong correlation with musculoskeletal pain at all sites. Social support was significantly associated with backache. Monotonous work seemed to reduce the pain in the neck and/or upper limbs. Job control and work intensity were not significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain. In this study, job satisfaction was significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain, and social support among the social psychological stressors could reduce musculoskeletal pain. However, unlike previously known, the presence of monotonous work resulted in reduced musculoskeletal pain. The results of this study will help to establish the direction of improvement of atmosphere in the workplace to prevent the musculoskeletal pain of emotional laborers.

Child Labor in America's History

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldstein, Harold

1976-01-01

A brief history of child labor and the fight for legislation to control it at both the state and federal level. The current legal status and the continued existence of child labor in modern times are also discussed. (MS)

48 CFR 1316.602 - Labor-hour contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor-hour contracts. 1316... AND CONTRACT TYPES TYPES OF CONTRACTS Time-and-Materials, Labor-Hour, and Letter Contracts 1316.602 Labor-hour contracts. ...

Labor Intervention and Outcomes in Women Who Are Nulliparous and Obese: Comparison of Nurse-Midwife to Obstetrician Intrapartum Care

PubMed Central

Carlson, Nicole S.; Corwin, Elizabeth J.; Lowe, Nancy K.

2017-01-01

Background Women who are obese have slower labors than women of normal weight, and show reduced response to interventions designed to speed labor progress like oxytocin augmentation and artificial rupture of membranes. The optimal labor management for these women has not been described. Methods This retrospective cohort study compared 2 propensity score-matched groups of women (N = 360) who were healthy, nulliparous, spontaneously laboring, and obese (body mass index 30 kg/m2). Labors were managed by either a certified nurse-midwife (CNM) or an obstetrician at one hospital from 2005 through 2012. Comparisons were made on a range of labor processes and outcomes. Results Women who were obese and cared for in labor by CNMs were 87.0% less likely to have operative vaginal birth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06–0.41) and 76.3% less likely to have third- or fourth-degree perineal lacerations (aOR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.13–0.79) compared to a matched group of women who were obese and had similarly sized neonates but who were cared for by obstetricians. The rates of unplanned cesarean birth, postpartum hemorrhage, maternal intrapartum fever, and neonatal intensive care unit admission were similar between groups. CNM patients were significantly less likely than patients of obstetricians to have labor anesthesia, synthetic oxytocin augmentation, or intrauterine pressure catheters. By contrast, CNM patients were significantly more likely than patients of obstetricians to use physiologic labor interventions, including intermittent fetal monitoring, ambulation, and hydrotherapy. Discussion In women with spontaneous labor onset who were healthy, obese, and nulliparous, watchful waiting and use of physiologic labor interventions, characterizing CNM intrapartum care, were associated with outcomes that were similar to, or better than, those of women who were obese and exposed to more high-technology interventions characterizing intrapartum care by

Labor Intervention and Outcomes in Women Who Are Nulliparous and Obese: Comparison of Nurse-Midwife to Obstetrician Intrapartum Care.

PubMed

Carlson, Nicole S; Corwin, Elizabeth J; Lowe, Nancy K

2017-01-01

Women who are obese have slower labors than women of normal weight, and show reduced response to interventions designed to speed labor progress like oxytocin augmentation and artificial rupture of membranes. The optimal labor management for these women has not been described. This retrospective cohort study compared 2 propensity score-matched groups of women (N = 360) who were healthy, nulliparous, spontaneously laboring, and obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ). Labors were managed by either a certified nurse-midwife (CNM) or an obstetrician at one hospital from 2005 through 2012. Comparisons were made on a range of labor processes and outcomes. Women who were obese and cared for in labor by CNMs were 87.0% less likely to have operative vaginal birth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06-0.41) and 76.3% less likely to have third- or fourth-degree perineal lacerations (aOR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.13-0.79) compared to a matched group of women who were obese and had similarly sized neonates but who were cared for by obstetricians. The rates of unplanned cesarean birth, postpartum hemorrhage, maternal intrapartum fever, and neonatal intensive care unit admission were similar between groups. CNM patients were significantly less likely than patients of obstetricians to have labor anesthesia, synthetic oxytocin augmentation, or intrauterine pressure catheters. By contrast, CNM patients were significantly more likely than patients of obstetricians to use physiologic labor interventions, including intermittent fetal monitoring, ambulation, and hydrotherapy. In women with spontaneous labor onset who were healthy, obese, and nulliparous, watchful waiting and use of physiologic labor interventions, characterizing CNM intrapartum care, were associated with outcomes that were similar to, or better than, those of women who were obese and exposed to more high-technology interventions characterizing intrapartum care by obstetricians. In women who were

Expense comparison of a telemedicine practice versus a traditional clinical practice.

PubMed

Barker, Gail P; Krupinski, Elizabeth A; Schellenberg, Bonnie; Weinstein, Ronald S

2004-01-01

This paper compares the expenses of a telemedicine program to those of a traditional clinical practice using data from two fiscal years (FY) 1998/1999 and 2000/2001. As part of that evaluation, we compared expenses of the University of Arizona's clinical practice group, the University Physicians Incorporated (UPI), to those of the Arizona Telemedicine Program (ATP) practice. For this study, we used the reporting categories published in the year-end UPI financial statement. These categories included clinical services, administration, equipment depreciation, and overhead. Results showed that clinical service expenses and administrative expenses for FY 2000/2001 were higher in the traditional UPI practice, whereas equipment depreciation and overhead expenses are higher in the telemedicine practice. This differs somewhat from FY 1998/1999, where clinical expenses and overhead were higher in the UPI practice and administration and equipment depreciation were higher in the telemedicine practice. We will discuss the relevance of these results and the critical factors that contribute to these differences.

The labor force of the future.

PubMed

Norwood, J L

1987-07-01

In the decades ahead, the US labor force will reflect changes in the industrial structure, with declines in some manufacturing industries and expansion in service industries. The services sector is so diverse that the jobs within it cannot be categorized as either high wage or low wage. The service-producing sector employs 85% of professional specialty workers in the US. In general, information on compensation trends indicates that greater increases in compensation have occurred for workers in service-producing as opposed to goods-producing industries. The increase in service sector jobs has created opportunities for women to enter the labor force and, at present, 5 out of 6 women work in this sector compared to fewer than 2 out of 3 men. Productivity growth rates in the service-producing industries vary substantially and are strongly affected by the business cycle. Central to employment opportunities in the years ahead will be the effect of new technology. To date, the aggregate effect of new technology has been increased employment and higher living standards. Although retraining programs should be in place, the scenario of a huge technology-created labor surplus seems unlikely. In fact, a more likely problem is a shortage of labor resulting from earlier labor force withdrawal and demographic aging of the population. Those in the 25-54-year age group will represent a larger share of the labor force in the years ahead. In addition, blacks are expected to account for 20% of the labor force growth in the next decade. Finally, given increasing labor force participation rates among mothers, employers may have to provide more flexible work schedules, assistance with day care, and more attractive benefits packages.

29 CFR 1202.14 - Labor members of Adjustment Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Labor members of Adjustment Board. 1202.14 Section 1202.14 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD RULES OF PROCEDURE § 1202.14 Labor members of Adjustment Board. Section 3, First, (f) of title I of the Railway Labor Act relating to...

49 CFR 1016.203 - Documentation of fees and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Documentation of fees and expenses. 1016.203 Section 1016.203 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE... § 1016.203 Documentation of fees and expenses. The application shall be accompanied by full documentation...

49 CFR 1016.203 - Documentation of fees and expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Documentation of fees and expenses. 1016.203 Section 1016.203 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE... § 1016.203 Documentation of fees and expenses. The application shall be accompanied by full documentation...

47 CFR 69.415 - Reallocation of certain transport expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Reallocation of certain transport expenses. 69... SERVICES (CONTINUED) ACCESS CHARGES Apportionment of Expenses § 69.415 Reallocation of certain transport... of the costs otherwise assigned to the transport category to the common line, local switching...

47 CFR 69.415 - Reallocation of certain transport expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Reallocation of certain transport expenses. 69... SERVICES (CONTINUED) ACCESS CHARGES Apportionment of Expenses § 69.415 Reallocation of certain transport... of the costs otherwise assigned to the transport category to the common line, local switching...

7 CFR 925.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Expenses. 925.40 Section 925.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GRAPES GROWN IN A DESIGNATED AREA OF...

7 CFR 925.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Expenses. 925.40 Section 925.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GRAPES GROWN IN A DESIGNATED AREA OF...

7 CFR 925.40 - Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Expenses. 925.40 Section 925.40 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GRAPES GROWN IN A DESIGNATED AREA OF...