Labor relations and labor costs in the airline industry : contemporary issues

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1992-05-01

Labor-management relations in the airline industry evolved largely in the context of government regulation up to 1978, driven heavily by the implications of the Railway Labor Act. The Aieline Deregulation Act of 1978 brought in a new era in airline l...

48 CFR 970.2201-1 - Labor relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor relations. 970.2201-1 Section 970.2201-1 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY AGENCY SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Application of Labor Policies 970.2201-1 Labor...

4 CFR 7.1 - Labor management relations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 4 Accounts 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Labor management relations. 7.1 Section 7.1 Accounts GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE PERSONNEL SYSTEM PERSONNEL RELATIONS AND SERVICES § 7.1 Labor management relations. (a) Policy. Each employee of GAO has the right, freely and without fear of penalty or reprisal...

Labor Dystocia: Uses of Related Nomenclature.

PubMed

Neal, Jeremy L; Ryan, Sharon L; Lowe, Nancy K; Schorn, Mavis N; Buxton, Margaret; Holley, Sharon L; Wilson-Liverman, Angela M

2015-01-01

Labor dystocia (slow or difficult labor or birth) is the most commonly diagnosed aberration of labor and the most frequently documented indication for primary cesarean birth. Yet, dystocia remains a poorly specified diagnostic category, with determinations often varying widely among clinicians. The primary aims of this review are to 1) summarize definitions of active labor and dystocia, as put forth by leading professional obstetric and midwifery organizations in world regions wherein English is the majority language and 2) describe the use of dystocia and related terms in contemporary research studies. Major national midwifery and obstetric organizations from qualifying United Nations-member sovereign nations and international organizations were searched to identify guidelines providing definitions of active labor and dystocia or related terms. Research studies (2000-2013) were systematically identified via PubMed, MEDLINE, and CINAHL searches to describe the use of dystocia and related terms in contemporary scientific publications. Only 6 organizational guidelines defined dystocia or related terms. Few research teams (n = 25 publications) defined dystocia-related terms with nonambiguous clinical parameters that can be applied prospectively. There is heterogeneity in the nomenclature used to describe dystocia, and when a similar term is shared between guidelines or research publications, the underlying definition of that term is sometimes inconsistent between documents. Failure to define dystocia in evidence-based, well-described, clinically meaningful terms that are widely acceptable to and reproducible among clinicians and researchers is concerning at both national and global levels. This failure is particularly problematic in light of the major contribution of this diagnosis to primary cesarean birth rates. © 2015 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives.

5 CFR 2471.12 - Inconsistent labor agreement provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Inconsistent labor agreement provisions. 2471.12 Section 2471.12 Administrative Personnel FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY, GENERAL COUNSEL OF THE FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY AND FEDERAL SERVICE IMPASSES PANEL FEDERAL SERVICE IMPASSES...

48 CFR 31.205-21 - Labor relations costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS CONTRACT COST PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES Contracts With Commercial Organizations 31.205-21 Labor relations costs. Costs incurred in maintaining satisfactory relations between the... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Labor relations costs. 31...

Split Labor Markets and Black-White Relations, 1865-1920.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marks, Carole

1981-01-01

This paper modifies Edna Bonacich's theory of class conflict which cites the split labor market during the period of 1920-30 as the cause of racial antagonisms. The author states that Bonacich neglected the role of employers and technological advance in the creation of the split labor market. (ML)

48 CFR 52.222-19 - Child Labor-Cooperation with Authorities and Remedies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Text of Provisions and Clauses 52.222-19 Child Labor—Cooperation with Authorities and Remedies. As... Contractor uses forced or indentured child labor in its mining, production, or manufacturing processes. (4...

Collective Bargaining Agreements, Labor Relations, Division of Personnel

Science.gov Websites

Relations / Labor Relations / Collective Bargaining Agreement Collective Bargaining Agreements Indexed below , 2014 July 1, 2004 - June 30, 2007 One year supplemental agreement not ratified by IBU July 1, 2008 Agreement Frequently Asked Questions Interpretative Memoranda Union Contact List Contact Us Labor Relations

22 CFR 1411.2 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Delegation of authority. 1411.2 Section 1411.2 Foreign Relations FOREIGN SERVICE LABOR RELATIONS BOARD; FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY; GENERAL... PROVISIONS AVAILABILITY OF OFFICIAL INFORMATION § 1411.2 Delegation of authority. (a) Foreign Service Labor...

76 FR 28034 - Labor-Management Relations Information Collection Requests

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-13

... FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE Labor-Management Relations Information Collection... of Subjects Labor-management relations, employee management relations, and Information collection... opportunity to comment on the following information collection requests. The information collection requests...

Labor History and Industrial Relations: A Symposium.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salvatore, Nick; And Others

1989-01-01

Includes "Labor History, Industrial Relations, and the Crisis of American Labor" (Brody); "Reckoning with Company Unions: The Case of Thompson Products, 1934-1964" (Jacoby); "Managers and Nonunion Workers in the Rubber Industry: Union Avoidance Strategies in the 1930s" (Nelson); and "'Light Manufacturing': The…

Teacher Unions and TQE: Building Quality Labor Relations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Streshly, William A.; DeMitchell, Todd A.

This book is designed to provide school administrators and labor leaders with ideas about how to improve school district labor relations by incorporating the principles of Total Quality Management (TQM). In schools that apply the principles of Total Quality Education (TQE)--that is TQM as it modified to school practice--labor and management can…

Training and Development, Division of Personnel and Labor Relations,

Science.gov Websites

Employee Training Exit Survey HR Forms New Employee Orientation For Admin Staff Classification Form Packets Office Classification EPIC EEO Program Labor Relations Payroll Services Recruitment Services Training and State Officer Compensation Commission Administration / Personnel and Labor Relations / Training &

20 CFR 655.00 - Authority of the Office of Foreign Labor Certification (OFLC) Administrator under subparts A, B...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Authority of the Office of Foreign Labor Certification (OFLC) Administrator under subparts A, B, and C. 655.00 Section 655.00 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT OF FOREIGN WORKERS IN THE UNITED STATES § 655.00 Authority of the...

Collective Bargaining and Labor-Management Relations in 1988.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruben, George

1989-01-01

Reviews labor contracts renegotiated during 1988, placing emphasis on labor-management relations. Provides information on negotiations in the following industries: (1) trucking, (2) air transportation, (3) automobile manufacturing, (4) steel and other metals, (5) rubber, (6) bituminous coal, (7) forest products, and (8) shipbuilding. Covers…

Primer in Public Sector Labor Relations. A Practitioner's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Indiana Univ., Bloomington. Midwest Center for Public Sector Labor Relations.

This guide is intended as a brief primer for the employer or employee new to public sector labor relations. A simple step-by-step approach to labor relations includes techniques for analysis of state enabling legislation, union self-perpetuation, scope of bargaining, preparing for and winning bargaining, settling disputes, solving contract…

20 CFR 652.205 - May funds authorized under the Act be used to supplement funding for labor exchange programs...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... supplement funding for labor exchange programs authorized under separate legislation? 652.205 Section 652.205... § 652.205 May funds authorized under the Act be used to supplement funding for labor exchange programs... under sections 7(a) or 7(b) of the Act to supplement funding of any workforce activity carried out under...

29 CFR 1206.3 - Age of authorization cards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Age of authorization cards. 1206.3 Section 1206.3 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD HANDLING REPRESENTATION DISPUTES UNDER THE RAILWAY LABOR ACT § 1206.3 Age of authorization cards. Authorizations must be signed and dated in the...

29 CFR 1206.3 - Age of authorization cards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Age of authorization cards. 1206.3 Section 1206.3 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD HANDLING REPRESENTATION DISPUTES UNDER THE RAILWAY LABOR ACT § 1206.3 Age of authorization cards. Authorizations must be signed and dated in the...

29 CFR 1206.3 - Age of authorization cards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Age of authorization cards. 1206.3 Section 1206.3 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD HANDLING REPRESENTATION DISPUTES UNDER THE RAILWAY LABOR ACT § 1206.3 Age of authorization cards. Authorizations must be signed and dated in the...

29 CFR 1206.3 - Age of authorization cards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Age of authorization cards. 1206.3 Section 1206.3 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD HANDLING REPRESENTATION DISPUTES UNDER THE RAILWAY LABOR ACT § 1206.3 Age of authorization cards. Authorizations must be signed and dated in the...

29 CFR 1206.3 - Age of authorization cards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Age of authorization cards. 1206.3 Section 1206.3 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD HANDLING REPRESENTATION DISPUTES UNDER THE RAILWAY LABOR ACT § 1206.3 Age of authorization cards. Authorizations must be signed and dated in the...

Case studies on employment-related health inequalities in countries representing different types of labor markets.

PubMed

Kim, Il-Ho; Muntaner, Carles; Chung, Haejoo; Benach, Joan

2010-01-01

The authors selected nine case studies, one country from each cluster of their labor market inequalities typology, to outline the macro-political and economic roots of employment relations and their impacts on health. These countries illustrate variations in labor markets and health, categorized into a global empirical typology. The case studies illustrated that workers' health is significantly connected with labor market characteristics and the welfare system. For a core country, the labor market is characterized by a formal sector. The labor institutions of Sweden traditionally have high union density and collective bargaining coverage and a universal health care system, which correlate closely with positive health, in comparison with Spain and the United States. For a semi-periphery country, the labor market is delineated by a growing informal economy. Although South Korea, Venezuela, and El Salvador provide some social welfare benefits, a high proportion of irregular and informal workers are excluded from these benefits and experience hazardous working conditions that adversely affect their health. Lastly, several countries in the global periphery--China, Nigeria, and Haiti--represent informal work and severe labor market insecurity. In the absence of labor market regulations, the majority of their workers toil in the informal sector in unsafe conditions with inadequate health care.

Effects of labor support from close female relative on labor and maternal satisfaction in a Thai setting.

PubMed

Yuenyong, Siriwan; O'Brien, Beverley; Jirapeet, Veena

2012-01-01

To evaluate the efficacy of a close female relative providing emotional and physical support during active labor and birth. Randomized, two-group controlled clinical trial. Regional teaching hospital in the eastern part of Thailand with 782 beds. Primiparous women (N = 120) whose gestational ages were ≥ 36 weeks and who had uncomplicated pregnancies. Participants were randomly assigned to receive usual care and support from a chosen close female relative from admission until 2 hours after birth or usual care only. Within 24 hours of birth, labor outcomes (length of labor & type of birth) and levels of maternal satisfaction were assessed. Those in the experimental group had a significantly shorter duration of active labor and were more satisfied with their childbirth experiences than those in the control group. Differences between groups with respect to incidence of spontaneous delivery were not found. A close female relative was effective in providing supportive care during labor and delivery. The integration of this nursing intervention for women and their families at public hospitals in Thailand is supported. © 2012 AWHONN, the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses.

5 CFR 2411.3 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Delegation of authority. 2411.3 Section 2411.3 Administrative Personnel FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY, GENERAL COUNSEL OF THE FEDERAL LABOR... INFORMATION § 2411.3 Delegation of authority. (a) Chief FOIA Officer. The Chairman of the Federal Labor...

5 CFR 550.321 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Authority. 550.321 Section 550.321...) Allotments From Federal Employees Labor Organization § 550.321 Authority. Section 7115, title 5, United... with such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Federal Labor Relations Authority. ...

[Labor rights and the organization of workers in a context of change in labor relations: effects on health workers].

PubMed

Pessanha, Elina Gonçalves da Fonte; Artur, Karen

2013-06-01

This paper presents the main institutional changes in labor relations in Brazil, highlighting their impact on the organization of workers. A more recent central change is the regulation of outsourcing by the Labor Judiciary. Research into claims in the Superior Labor Court, guidelines from the Labor Prosecution Office, and trade union lawsuits, show that outsourcing and working hours are subjects which have directly affected health workers. By addressing the institutional principles of justice in contracts, it was concluded that labor reform should deal with the inequality of rights that have characterized the Brazilian labor market.

29 CFR 1614.607 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Delegation of authority. 1614.607 Section 1614.607 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION FEDERAL SECTOR EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY Matters of General Applicability § 1614.607 Delegation of authority. An agency head...

76 FR 63188 - Notification of Employee Rights Under the National Labor Relations Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-12

... notification of employee rights under the National Labor Relations Act, further public education and outreach... NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD 29 CFR Part 104 RIN 3142-AA07 Notification of Employee Rights Under... National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) to post notices informing their employees of their rights as employees...

76 FR 82133 - Notification of Employee Rights Under the National Labor Relations Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-30

... notification of employee rights under the National Labor Relations Act, further public education and outreach... NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD 29 CFR Part 104 RIN 3142-AA07 Notification of Employee Rights Under... National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) to post notices informing their employees of their rights as employees...

29 CFR 801.68 - Authority of the Secretary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Authority of the Secretary. 801.68 Section 801.68 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS APPLICATION... of Decision and Order of Administrative Law Judge § 801.68 Authority of the Secretary. (a) The...

76 FR 40937 - Public Availability of National Labor Relations Board's FY 2010 Service Contract Inventory

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-12

... NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD Public Availability of National Labor Relations Board's FY 2010 Service Contract Inventory AGENCY: National Labor Relations Board. ACTION: Notice of public availability... Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2010 (Pub. L. 111-117), the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is...

77 FR 5062 - Public Availability of National Labor Relations Board's FY 2011 Service Contract Inventory

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-01

... NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD Public Availability of National Labor Relations Board's FY 2011 Service Contract Inventory AGENCY: National Labor Relations Board. ACTION: Notice of public availability... Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2010 (Pub. L. 111-117), the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is...

29 CFR 780.331 - Crew leaders and labor contractors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Employment in Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section... Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS... performance of work by his crew and his authority to determine the wage rates paid to his workers. (c) There...

Psychoprophylaxis during labor: associations with labor-related outcomes and experience of childbirth.

PubMed

Bergström, Malin; Kieler, Helle; Waldenström, Ulla

2010-06-01

To study whether use of psychoprophylaxis during labor affects course of labor and experience of childbirth in nulliparous women. Cohort study. Women were recruited from 15 antenatal clinics in Sweden between October 2005 and January 2007. A total of 857 nulliparous women with a planned vaginal delivery. Using data from a randomized controlled trial of antenatal education where the allocated groups were merged, we compared course of labor and experience of childbirth between women who used psychoprophylaxis during labor and those who did not. Data were collected by questionnaires in mid-pregnancy and three months after birth, and from the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Logistic regression was used to assess associations. Mode of delivery, augmentation of labor, length of labor, Apgar score, pain relief and experience of childbirth as measured by the Wijma Delivery Experience Questionnaire. Use of psychoprophylaxis during labor was associated with a lower risk of emergency cesarean section (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37-0.88), but an increased risk of augmentation of labor (adjusted OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.23-2.28). No statistical differences were found in length of labor (adjusted OR 1.32; 95% CI 0.95-1.83), Apgar score < 7 at five minutes (adjusted OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.33-2.01), epidural analgesia (adjusted OR 1.13; 95% CI 0.84-1.53) or fearful childbirth experience (adjusted OR 1.04; 95% CI 0.62-1.74). Psychoprophylaxis may reduce the rate of emergency cesarean section but may not affect the experience of childbirth.

[Relationship between emotional labor and job-related stress among hospital nurses].

PubMed

Katayama, Harumi

2010-09-01

To clarify the effects of factors of emotional labor, defined as the suppression of own emotions to better maintain other peoples' emotional conditions, on job-related stress responses among hospital nurses, the relationship between emotional labor and job-related stress was analyzed. A self-reported questionnaire was distributed among 147 nurses of five hospitals in Japan. Complete answers were collected from 123 nurses (83.7%, 107 females and 16 males). Emotional labor was assessed by the Emotional Labor Inventory for Nurses (ELIN) (26 items), which consisted of five subscales, i.e., "suppressed expression," "surface adjustment," "deep adjustment," "exploring and understanding" and "expression on caring." Job-related stress was evaluated using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BSQ) consisting of 57 items. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the relationships of stress responses (BSQ) with ELIN and job stressors (BSQ). Subjects working in an inpatient department showed significantly higher total ELIN scores than those working in an outpatient department. The stepwise multiple regression analysis showed the following: Scores on "anger" and "fatigue" in BSQ positively related to "suppressed expression" scores in ELIN; those on "anxiety" positively related to "deep adjustment" scores; and those on "depression" positively related to "surface adjustment" scores. Similarly, scores on negative stress responses (BSQ) such as "anger," "fatigue," "anxiety," "depression," and "somatic stress responses" positively related to scores on job stressors (BSQ), e.g., physical work load, whereas "vigor" scores positively related to "job worthwhileness" in BSQ. The aspects of "suppressed expression," "deep adjustment," and "surface adjustment" of emotional labor seem to be the major occupational stressors for nurses, as well as job-related stressors measured by BSQ. Working in an inpatient department appears to be a potent stressor for nurses.

75 FR 57796 - Membership of the Federal Labor Relations Authority's Senior Executive Service Performance Review...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-22

... or more Performance Review Boards (PRB). Section 4314(c)(4) requires that notice of appointment of... Relations Authority. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 4134(c)(4). Dated: September 17, 2010. Sonna Stampone, Executive...: Section 4314(c) of Title 5, U.S.C. (as amended by the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978) requires each...

29 CFR 801.7 - Authority of the Secretary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Authority of the Secretary. 801.7 Section 801.7 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS APPLICATION... other agencies, and cooperate with and furnish technical assistance to employers, labor organizations...

29 CFR 1954.3 - Exercise of Federal discretionary authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. 1954.3 Section 1954.3 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION... § 1954.3 Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. (a)(1) When a State plan is approved under section...

29 CFR 1926.1418 - Authority to stop operation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Authority to stop operation. 1926.1418 Section 1926.1418 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION Cranes and Derricks in...

NLRB: The First 50 Years. The Story of the National Labor Relations Board 1935-1985.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Labor Relations Board, Washington, DC.

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an independent federal agency created in 1935 by Congress to administer the National Labor Relations Act, the basic law governing relations between labor unions and business enterprises engaged in operations affecting interstate commerce. In its statutory assignment, the NLRB has two principal…

76 FR 77699 - Special Procedural Rules Governing Periods When the National Labor Relations Board Lacks a Quorum...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-14

... NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD 29 CFR Part 102 Special Procedural Rules Governing Periods When the National Labor Relations Board Lacks a Quorum of Members AGENCY: National Labor Relations Board. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The National Labor Relations Board is revising its rules governing the...

Summary of State Policy Regulations for Public Sector Labor Relations: Statutes, Attorney Generals' Opinions and Selected Court Decisions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Labor Management Services Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. Div. of Public Employee Labor Relations.

This chart represents a state-by-state compilation of the numerous statutes, executive orders, attorney general opinions, and court decisions which govern state and local government labor relations. Where available, information on each authority includes: (1) administrative body, (2) bargaining rights, (3) recognition rights and procedure, (4)…

Schooling and Labor Market Effects of Temporary Authorization: Evidence from DACA

PubMed Central

Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina

2017-01-01

This paper explores the labor market and schooling effects of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) initiative, which provides work authorization to eligible immigrants along with a temporary reprieve from deportation. The analysis relies on a difference-in-differences approach that exploits the discontinuity in program rules to compare eligible individuals to ineligible, likely undocumented immigrants before and after the program went into effect. To address potential endogeneity concerns, we focus on youths that likely met DACA’s schooling requirement when the program was announced. We find that DACA reduced the probability of school enrollment of eligible higher-educated individuals, as well as some evidence that it increased the employment likelihood of men, in particular. Together, these findings suggest that a lack of authorization may lead individuals to enroll in school when working is not a viable option. Thus, once employment restrictions are relaxed and the opportunity costs of higher-education rise, eligible individuals may reduce investments in schooling. PMID:28690364

Schooling and Labor Market Effects of Temporary Authorization: Evidence from DACA.

PubMed

Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina; Antman, Francisca

2017-01-01

This paper explores the labor market and schooling effects of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) initiative, which provides work authorization to eligible immigrants along with a temporary reprieve from deportation. The analysis relies on a difference-in-differences approach that exploits the discontinuity in program rules to compare eligible individuals to ineligible, likely undocumented immigrants before and after the program went into effect. To address potential endogeneity concerns, we focus on youths that likely met DACA's schooling requirement when the program was announced. We find that DACA reduced the probability of school enrollment of eligible higher-educated individuals, as well as some evidence that it increased the employment likelihood of men, in particular. Together, these findings suggest that a lack of authorization may lead individuals to enroll in school when working is not a viable option. Thus, once employment restrictions are relaxed and the opportunity costs of higher-education rise, eligible individuals may reduce investments in schooling.

The Law of Federal Labor-Management Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-09-01

4-85 (3) Bargaining Impasses........................................................................4-86 f. Impact and...relations were becoming more complex and had a more significant impact upon management, the Army established the Labor Counselor Program in 1974.12...the Fund’s employees, in contrast to other NAF employees, do not have a retirement plan, and are now covered by social security. Although the

Labor and the Supreme Court: Significant Issues of 1989-90.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hukill, Craig

1990-01-01

In contrast to its 1988 term, the Supreme Court's new term presents less controversial, though still important, labor issues in such areas as public-sector labor relations, pensions, occupational safety and health, employment discrimination, and workers' compensation. (Author)

Work-related deaths among youth: Understanding the contribution of US child labor violations.

PubMed

Rauscher, Kimberly J; Myers, Douglas J; Miller, Mary E

2016-11-01

Evidence shows that violations of the United States (US) child labor regulations are common. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the magnitude and nature of work-related deaths among youth involving violations of US child labor regulations. We analyzed Census of Fatal Occupational Injury data from 2001 to 2012 using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. Between 2001 and 2012, 406 workers under age 18 were recorded in the CFOI as having suffered a fatal work-related injury. Among these cases, 233 were covered by the US child labor regulations. Forty-three percent of these cases involved at least one violation. The majority of cases that were not covered by the regulations involved decedents working on their family's farms (N = 139). Violations of federal child labor regulations are a significant contributor to work-related deaths among youth in the United States. Increased investment in enforcement is needed to prevent further young worker deaths involving child labor violations. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:959-968, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

29 CFR 1601.24 - Conciliation: Procedure and authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Conciliation: Procedure and authority. 1601.24 Section 1601.24 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION PROCEDURAL REGULATIONS Procedure for the Prevention of Unlawful Employment Practices Procedure to Rectify Unlawful...

29 CFR 1601.24 - Conciliation: Procedure and authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Conciliation: Procedure and authority. 1601.24 Section 1601.24 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION PROCEDURAL REGULATIONS Procedure for the Prevention of Unlawful Employment Practices Procedure to Rectify Unlawful...

77 FR 25868 - Notification of Employee Rights Under the National Labor Relations Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-02

... NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD 29 CFR Part 104 RIN 3142-AA07 Notification of Employee Rights Under... notices informing their employees of their rights as employees under the NLRA. (76 FR 54006, August 30... subject to the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) to post notices informing their employees of their...

[Long-term implications of labor migration in Togo].

PubMed

De Haan, L

1986-01-01

Labor migration in Togo since 1900 is analyzed. The author examines factors affecting the demand for labor in areas of in-migration, the development of systems of production related to population growth in areas of out-migration, and state intervention. Consideration is given to both international and internal migration. The expansion of internal migration since independence is noted. (SUMMARY IN ENG)

29 CFR 2201.3 - Delegation of authority and responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Section 2201.3 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT § 2201.3 Delegation of authority and responsibilities. (a) The Chairman delegates to the Chief FOIA Officer the authority to act upon all requests for...

76 FR 43331 - Labor-Management Relations Information Collection Requests

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-20

... FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE Labor-Management Relations Information Collection... the following public information collection requests (ICR) to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB... information collection requests are FMCS forms: Arbitrator's Report and Fee Statement (Agency Form R-19...

77 FR 56842 - Labor-Management Relations Information Collection Requests

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-14

... FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE Labor-Management Relations Information Collection... the following public information collection request (ICR) to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB... information collection request is the Notice to Mediation Agencies (Agency Form F-7), OMB control number 3076...

Local knowledge, state power, and the science of industrial labor relations: William Leiserson, David Saposs, and American labor economics in the interwar years.

PubMed

Wang, Jessica

2010-01-01

Recent scholarship has frequently emphasized modern states' use of social science to impose universalized conceptions of rationality and order upon diverse, highly localized settings. The New Deal era experiences of William M. Leiserson and David J. Saposs, however, provide an analytical alternative. As students of the pioneering labor economist John R. Commons, Leiserson and Saposs sought to create mechanisms for state oversight of industrial labor relations that recognized local practices and arrangements. Although their approach failed to take hold within the National Labor Relations Board, localized institutional and political contingencies, and not a hegemonic modernism, account best for their frustrated aspirations in the late 1930s. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

78 FR 17721 - Bureau of International Labor Affairs; National Advisory Committee for Labor Provisions of U.S...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-22

.... Department of Labor, which is the point of contact for the NAALC and the Labor Chapters of U.S. FTAs. The... of the U.S. Department of Labor serves as the U.S. point of contact under the FTAs listed above. The... for travel expenses. Authority: The authority for this notice is granted by the FACA (5 U.S.C. App. 2...

Projecting Labor Requirements for Transportation-Related Construction. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Washington Technical Inst., Washington, DC. Center for Urban Services.

This report examines the urban transportation planning process and its labor market impact, including projections of opportunities for minority participation in construction, operation, and maintenance of a transportation system and forecasts of training needed in critical occupations. It was found that transportation-related construction may be…

Intercountry comparisons of labor force trends and of related developments: an overview.

PubMed

Mincer, J

1985-01-01

This paper is a survey of analyses of women's labor force growth in 12 industrialized countries, presented at a conference in Sussex, England in 1983. The main focus is on growth of the labor force of married women from 1960-1980; trends in fertility, wages, and family instability are discussed. In all countries, wages of women were lower than wages of men, although between 1960 and 1980 labor force rates of married women rose in most of the industrialized countries. 2 factors that are associated with this growth are declines in fertility and increases in divorce rates. The 12 countries studied are: 1) Australia, 2) Britain, 3) France, 4) Germany, 5) Israel, 6) Italy, 7) Japan, 8) Netherlands, 9) Spain, 10) Sweden, 11) US, and 12) USSR. The substitution variables (wages of women or their education) have strong positive effects on labor force participation in most cases, and in most cases the positive wage elasticities exceed the negative income elasticities by a sizable margin. A summary table estimating parameters of the P-function for each country, and their predictive performance in time series, are included. From 1960-1980 the average per country growth in participation of married women was 2.84% per year. Wages of working women, in this same period grew, on average, faster than wages of men in most countries, in part due to selectivity by education in labor force growth. While growth rates of real wages across countries have a weak relation with the differential growth rates of married women's labor force, the relation is strong when country parameters are taken into account. The dominance of the "discouraged" over the "added" workers in female labor force growth appears to be upheld internationally. On the average, total fertility rate dropped from 2.42 in 1970 to 1.85 in 1980. Both fertility declines and the growth of family instability appear to represent lagged effects of longer term developments in the labor force of women. Women's wages are lower than

New Employee Orientation, Division of Personnel and Labor Relations,

Science.gov Websites

Employee Training Exit Survey HR Forms New Employee Orientation For Admin Staff Classification Form Packets State Officer Compensation Commission Administration / Personnel and Labor Relations / New Employee Orientation New Employee Orientation Last Updated: October 2013 Welcome to the State of Alaska As a new

Selected Research Tools in Economics, Labor and Industrial Relations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaye, Ronald J.

Twenty-two indexing and abstracting services and general reference sources in the areas of labor and industrial relations are listed in this selective bibliography for users of State University of New York at Albany Libraries. Classification numbers are included for each source and most have annotations. Materials are listed under four…

[The regulation of labor relations and human resources management in nursing].

PubMed

de Freitas, Genival Fernandes; Fugulin, Fernanda Maria Togeiro; Fernandes, Maria de Fátima Prado

2006-09-01

This paper is aimed at discoursing on the regulation of labor relations in Nursing and at giving subsidies to the nurse's managerial practice concerning the rights and obligations of employees and employers based on the Brazilian Labor Law and the Federal Constitution. It emphasizes some regulations that are not clear enough and give rise to doubts and conflicts on the nurse's daily professional activities, such as working hours, resting periods in and between journeys, extra pay for overtime work, weekly paid rest and changes in work schedule. The adequacy of nursing practice to legal rules should allow nurses to get more knowledge, resulting in more confidence and safer actions. By having professional and patient's rights respected, occasional juridical problems inherent to labor rights and obligations will be reduced.

Division of Personnel and Labor Relations, Department of Administration

Science.gov Websites

Skip to content State of Alaska myAlaska Departments State Employees Statewide Links Back to Top Search the Division of Personnel and Labor Relations site DOPLR State of Alaska For Employees Agency HR DOPLR Studies EEO Report SOA Employee Movement Workforce Profile Boards Personnel Board State Officer

Games and Simulations in Industrial and Labor Relations Training.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coghill, Mary Ann

This book is not designed to be read like a book; instead, it is intended for group participation. Games and simulations are a popular development in industrial and labor relations training programs. This report brings to the attention of instructors, in both the business and academic communities, the variety of subjects and levels at which such…

Patriarchy, family structure and the exploitation of women's labor.

PubMed

Heath, J A; Ciscel, D H

1988-09-01

The authors present a case for including the patriarchal model into the analysis of female labor force participation in the United States. They argue that only if it is assumed that the division of labor and distribution of goods and services are structured to benefit the male head of the family can various trends be explained, including the low relative income of women compared to men, the increase in female labor force participation without a corresponding increase in household work by men, and the increasing number of divorces initiated by women despite the fact that divorce increases female poverty.

Labor-Management Relations: Strikes and the Use of Permanent Strike Replacements in the 1970s and 1980s

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

UG0310 RfI The Honorable Howard M. Metzenbaum V9",, .-, Chairman, Subcommittee on Labor S,. . Committee on Labor and Human Resources United States...economic issues, such as wages. Unions and some labor -management relations experts contend that employers rarely used the right established by the 1938...1970s and 1980s Appendix I Background and Methodology Background The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) of 1935 is the principal federal law

Injections during labor and intrapartum-related hypoxic injury and mortality in rural southern Nepal

PubMed Central

Mullany, Luke C.; Khatry, Subarna K.; Katz, Joanne; Stanton, Cynthia K.; Lee, Anne C.C.; Darmstadt, Gary L.; LeClerq, Steven C.; Tielsch, James M.

2013-01-01

Objective To estimate the association between unmonitored use of injections during labor and intrapartum-related neonatal mortality and morbidity among home births. Methods Recently delivered women in Sarlahi, Nepal, reported whether they had received injections during labor. Data on breathing and crying status at birth, time to first breath, respiratory rate, sucking ability, and lethargy were gathered. Neonatal respiratory depression (NRD) and encephalopathy (NE) were compared by injection receipt status using multivariate regression models. Results Injections during labor were frequently reported (7108 of 22 352 [31.8%]) and were predominantly given by unqualified village “doctors.” Multivariate analysis (excluding facility births and complicated deliveries) revealed associations with intrapartum-related NRD (relative risk [RR] 2.52; 95% CI, 2.29–2.78) and NE (RR 3.48; 95% CI, 2.46–4.93). The risks of neonatal death associated with intrapartum-related NRD (RR 3.78; 95% CI, 2.53–5.66) or NE (RR 4.47; 95% CI, 2.78–7.19) were also elevated. Conclusion Injection during labor was widespread at the community level. This practice was associated with poor outcomes and possibly related to the inappropriate use of uterotonics by unqualified providers. Interventions are required to increase the safety of childbirth in the community and in peripheral health facilities. Parent trial registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00 109616). PMID:23523332

76 FR 73719 - Order Contingently Delegating Authority to the Chairman, the General Counsel, and the Chief...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-29

... NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD Order Contingently Delegating Authority to the Chairman, the...: Notice of Order Contingently Delegating Authority to the Chairman, the General Counsel, and the Chief Administrative Law Judge. SUMMARY: The National Labor Relations Board has issued an Order contingently delegating...

5 CFR 2429.12 - Service of process and papers by the Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Service of process and papers by the... REQUIREMENTS Miscellaneous § 2429.12 Service of process and papers by the Authority. (a) Methods of service... COUNSEL OF THE FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY AND FEDERAL SERVICE IMPASSES PANEL FEDERAL LABOR...

Effects of safety and health training on work-related injury among construction laborers.

PubMed

Dong, Xiuwen; Entzel, Pamela; Men, Yurong; Chowdhury, Risana; Schneider, Scott

2004-12-01

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of safety and health training on work-related injury in the construction industry. Union health insurance records, union training records, and workers compensation data for 1993 and 1994 were analyzed for more than 8000 construction laborers in Washington State. After controlling for demographic factors, laborers who received safety and health training during the study period were 12% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75-1.02) less likely than nontrained laborers to file for workers compensation. Among workers 16 to 24 years old, training was associated with a 42% (95% CI = 0.35-0.95) reduction in claims. These findings provide evidence of the effectiveness of safety and health training in preventing occupational injuries among construction laborers, particularly among younger workers. However, the results cover only a limited time and the long-term effects remain unclear.

Industrial and Labor Relations, Unit 4. A Core Curriculum of Related Instruction for Apprentices.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York State Education Dept., Albany. Bureau of Occupational and Career Curriculum Development.

The curriculum was designed to provide a systematic way of instructing apprentices preparing for various trades in the area of industrial and labor relations which would provide the apprentice with working knowledge of employee-employer interaction and the processes involved. The core curriculum is developed in 10 learning modules which are…

Epidemiology of anesthesia-related complications in labor and delivery, New York State, 2002-2005.

PubMed

Cheesman, Khadeen; Brady, Joanne E; Flood, Pamela; Li, Guohua

2009-10-01

Epidemiologic data on anesthesia-related complications occurring during labor and delivery are essential for measuring and evaluating the safety and quality of obstetric anesthesia care but are lacking. We aimed to fill this research gap by exploring the epidemiologic patterns and risk factors of anesthesia-related complications in a large sample of women giving birth in New York hospitals. Using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases files, we identified all discharge records for labor and delivery from New York hospitals between 2002 and 2005. We then identified women who experienced any recorded anesthesia-related complication during labor and delivery as determined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. The incidence of anesthesia-related complications was calculated by demographic and clinical characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess risk factors of anesthesia-related complications. Of the 957,471 deliveries studied, 4438 (0.46%) had at least one anesthesia-related complication. The majority (55%) of anesthesia-related events occurring during labor and delivery were spinal complications, followed by systemic complications (43%) and overdose or adverse effects (2%). Multivariate logistic regression revealed five risk factors of anesthesia-related complications: cesarean delivery (odds ratio [OR] 2.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.36-2.68), rural area (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.21-1.46), Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index >or=1 (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.28-1.69), Caucasian race (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.24-1.52), and scheduled admission (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.03-1.18). Anesthesia-related complications were associated with about a one-day increase in the average length of stay (3.89 +/- 3.69 [mean +/- SD] days vs 2.92 +/- 2.38 days for deliveries without anesthesia-related complications, P < 0.0001) and a 22-fold increased risk of maternal mortality (OR 22.26, 95% CI 11

78 FR 13897 - Bureau of International Labor Affairs; Office of Trade and Labor Affairs; Labor Affairs Council...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-01

...Pursuant to Article 19.5 of the U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA), the International Labor Affairs Bureau (ILAB) of the U.S. Department of Labor gives notice of the public session of the meeting of the Labor Affairs Council (``Council'' or ``LAC''). The LAC public session will be held the morning of March 19, 2013. The purpose of the public session is to provide an opportunity for the Council to meet with the public to discuss matters related to the implementation of Chapter 19 (the Labor Chapter) of the KORUS FTA, including activities of the Labor Cooperation Mechanism established under Article 19.6 of the FTA.

24 CFR 1003.603 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Labor standards. 1003.603 Section... § 1003.603 Labor standards. In accordance with the authority under section 107(e)(2) of the Act, the Secretary waives the provisions of section 110 of the Act (Labor Standards) with respect to this part...

Work-related injuries with child labor in Iran.

PubMed

Hosseinpour, Mehrdad; Mohammadzadeh, Mahdi; Atoofi, Maryam

2014-02-01

Accurate present-day child labor information is difficult to obtain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of child labor patients according to worker status and identify the proportion of work-related injuries that could be prevented by protection devices. This study was performed in one of the largest pediatric trauma center in the central part of Iran. In a prospective case series study, injured children with age less than 15 years who were consecutively admitted to the trauma center for management of their trauma were evaluated. In each patient data such as age, sex, worker status, anatomic site of injury, and costs were collected. In this study, a total of 127 children were evaluated. Most of the injuries (80.3%) occurred in urban areas. In most of the injured patients, the main reason of working was to help pay own family debts or supplement family income. Industrial workroom was the most common place for injury (58.2%). Falling from height or in horizontal surface was the most common mechanism of injury (44%). None of the patients had preventable device at the time of injury. Cuts (49.6%) were the most commonly reported injuries. The lengths of hospitalization were 1.23 + 0.88 days. There was no death reported in our cases. The mean of cost of hospitalization was US $29.9 ± 20.36. Our study showed that child labor injury in the central part of Iran mainly occurred in nonagricultural sector due to falling. These injuries are nonfatal and might be prevented by protective equipment. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

The Use of Music in Labor: Pain Perception

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

AD-A267 985liiiiiii ii ii iii lillinl lJtlflllllIi 1\\k . Music in Labor DTIC43.t ELECTE wN AUGt 1 1993UThe Use of Music in Labor: A C1 Pain...Perception Kathy Jo Keever Patricia A. Shepherd AFIT/Georgetown University School of Nursing Running head: MUSIC IN LABOR Ap9i" "r85T16x• ~ ;u~c r~eca _W...FUNDING NUMBERS The Use of Music in Labor: Pain Perception 6. AUTHOR(S) 1st Lt Kathy Keever Capt Patricia Shepherd PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND

29 CFR 401.7 - Labor dispute.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Labor dispute. 401.7 Section 401.7 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS MEANING OF TERMS USED IN THIS SUBCHAPTER § 401.7 Labor dispute. Labor dispute includes any controversy...

"Arab Labor"'s Alternative Vision: The "Liberal Bargain" in the Welfare State of Israel

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gal-Ezer, Miri; Tidhar, Chava

2012-01-01

This study focuses on "Independence Day", an episode of "Arab Labor" (first season, 2008), a pioneer bilingual Hebrew-Arabic satirical Israeli TV series, written by Sayed Kashua, an Arab-Israeli author and journalist. "Arab Labor" was a breakthrough in the Israeli popular TV scape, where, as a rule, Arab-Israeli…

The rise of the middle author: Investigating collaboration and division of labor in biomedical research using partial alphabetical authorship.

PubMed

Mongeon, Philippe; Smith, Elise; Joyal, Bruno; Larivière, Vincent

2017-01-01

Contemporary biomedical research is performed by increasingly large teams. Consequently, an increasingly large number of individuals are being listed as authors in the bylines, which complicates the proper attribution of credit and responsibility to individual authors. Typically, more importance is given to the first and last authors, while it is assumed that the others (the middle authors) have made smaller contributions. However, this may not properly reflect the actual division of labor because some authors other than the first and last may have made major contributions. In practice, research teams may differentiate the main contributors from the rest by using partial alphabetical authorship (i.e., by listing middle authors alphabetically, while maintaining a contribution-based order for more substantial contributions). In this paper, we use partial alphabetical authorship to divide the authors of all biomedical articles in the Web of Science published over the 1980-2015 period in three groups: primary authors, middle authors, and supervisory authors. We operationalize the concept of middle author as those who are listed in alphabetical order in the middle of an authors' list. Primary and supervisory authors are those listed before and after the alphabetical sequence, respectively. We show that alphabetical ordering of middle authors is frequent in biomedical research, and that the prevalence of this practice is positively correlated with the number of authors in the bylines. We also find that, for articles with 7 or more authors, the average proportion of primary, middle and supervisory authors is independent of the team size, more than half of the authors being middle authors. This suggests that growth in authors lists are not due to an increase in secondary contributions (or middle authors) but, rather, in equivalent increases of all types of roles and contributions (including many primary authors and many supervisory authors). Nevertheless, we show that the

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

29 CFR 1650.102 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION DEBT COLLECTION Procedures... to the Chief Human Capital Officer the authority to collect debts owed by current EEOC employees, and to the Chief Financial Officer the authority to collect debts owed by former EEOC employees and non...

National Labor Relations Board Reform Act

THOMAS, 113th Congress

Sen. Alexander, Lamar [R-TN

2014-09-16

Senate - 09/16/2014 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

Labor progress indices and dynamics of the individual uterine contraction during the active stage of labor.

PubMed

Ophir, Ella; Bornstein, Jacob; Odeh, Marwan; Kaminsky, Svetlana; Shnaider, Oleg; Megel, Yuri; Barnea, Ofer

2014-03-01

To obtain and study new data on the dynamics of the labor process and to develop a contraction-based index of labor progress. This study was carried out at the Delivery Room, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western Galilee Hospital, Nahariya, Israel, using a new device (Birth Track). We continuously monitored cervical dilatation (CD) and head descent (HD) in 30 nulliparaous women during active labor with (augmented group) and without (study group) oxytocin augmentation. This led to the development and validation of progress indices based on features extracted from continuous monitoring. There were no significant differences between the average of each parameter in the study and augmented groups, except for HD velocity. Average HD velocity was faster in the study group. Linear regression analyses demonstrated that head station (HS) amplitude and Toco amplitude were the best parameters for predicting HD velocity in both groups. In the study group, average HD velocity was also significantly related to Toco rate and contraction efficiency. In the augmented group, only a weak correlation with Toco rate was seen, and no correlation with contraction efficiency. With the assistance of the Birth Track device, we can obtain continuous data on the labor process and indices to estimate the labor progress process without the use of vaginal (manual) examination. © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research © 2013 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

29 CFR 500.155 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Authority. 500.155 Section 500.155 Labor Regulations... AGRICULTURAL WORKER PROTECTION Enforcement Agreements with Federal and State Agencies § 500.155 Authority...) to Federal and State agencies such authority (other than rulemaking) as he determines may be useful...

John R. Commons: Pioneer in Labor Economics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barbash, Jack

1989-01-01

John R. Commons has contributed in one way or another to pratically every piece of social and labor legislation that has been enacted in the twentieth century. He has made his mark on such diverse aspects of American labor as apprenticeship, vocational education, workers' compensation, and the administration of labor law. (Author/JOW)

20 CFR 655.101 - Authority of the Office of Foreign Labor Certification (OFLC) Administrator.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Certification (OFLC) Administrator. 655.101 Section 655.101 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT OF FOREIGN WORKERS IN THE UNITED STATES Labor Certification Process for Temporary Agricultural Employment in the United States (H-2A Workers) § 655.101...

42 CFR 417.159 - Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act and the Railway Labor Act. 417.159 Section 417.159 Public....159 Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act...

42 CFR 417.159 - Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act and the Railway Labor Act. 417.159 Section 417.159 Public....159 Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act...

Korean Emotional Laborers' Job Stressors and Relievers: Focus on Work Conditions and Emotional Labor Properties.

PubMed

Lee, Garam

2015-12-01

The present study aims to investigate job stressors and stress relievers for Korean emotional laborers, specifically focusing on the effects of work conditions and emotional labor properties. Emotional laborers are asked to hide or distort their real emotions in their interaction with clients. They are exposed to high levels of stress in the emotional labor process, which leads to serious mental health risks including burnout, depression, and even suicide impulse. Exploring job stressors and relieving factors would be the first step in seeking alternatives to protect emotional laborers from those mental health risks. Using the third wave data of Korean Working Conditions Survey, logistic regression analysis was conducted for two purposes: to examine the relations of emotional labor and stress, and to find out job stressors and relievers for emotional laborers. The chances of stress arousal are 3.5 times higher for emotional laborers; emotional laborers experience double risk-burden for stress arousal. In addition to general job stressors, emotional laborers need to bear burdens related to emotional labor properties. The effect of social support at the workplace is not significant for stress relief, unlike common assumptions, whereas subjective satisfaction (wage satisfaction and work-life balance) is proven to have relieving effects on emotional laborers' job stress. From the results, the importance of a balanced understanding of emotional labor for establishing effective policies for emotional laborer protection is stressed.

42 CFR 417.159 - Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act and the Railway Labor Act. 417.159 Section 417.159 Public... § 417.159 Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations...

42 CFR 417.159 - Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act and the Railway Labor Act. 417.159 Section 417.159 Public... § 417.159 Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations...

42 CFR 417.159 - Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations Act and the Railway Labor Act. 417.159 Section 417.159 Public... § 417.159 Relationship of section 1310 of the Public Health Service Act to the National Labor Relations...

Local Labor Negotiations and the Urban Mass Transit Industry.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reed, Alan

1979-01-01

Examines the content of section 13-C of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, its role in labor negotiations at the local level, its impact on relations between local and national government, and the outcome of 13-C negotiations during the period 1975-77. (Author/IRT)

5 CFR 9901.511 - Appointing authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9901.511 Administrative Personnel DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND LABOR RELATIONS SYSTEMS (DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE-OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NATIONAL SECURITY... these authorities will be given career, career conditional, term or temporary appointments in the...

29 CFR 500.41 - Farm labor contractor is responsible for actions of his farm labor contractor employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., prior to such employee's engagement in any activity enumerated in section 3(6) of the Act. A farm labor... farm labor contractor employee. 500.41 Section 500.41 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued... PROTECTION Registration of Farm Labor Contractors and Employees of Farm Labor Contractors Engaged in Farm...

29 CFR 500.41 - Farm labor contractor is responsible for actions of his farm labor contractor employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., prior to such employee's engagement in any activity enumerated in section 3(6) of the Act. A farm labor... farm labor contractor employee. 500.41 Section 500.41 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued... PROTECTION Registration of Farm Labor Contractors and Employees of Farm Labor Contractors Engaged in Farm...

29 CFR 471.20 - What authority under this part or Executive Order 13496 may the Secretary delegate, and under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... RIGHTS UNDER FEDERAL LABOR LAWS Ancillary Matters § 471.20 What authority under this part or Executive... 29 Labor 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What authority under this part or Executive Order 13496 may the Secretary delegate, and under what circumstances? 471.20 Section 471.20 Labor Regulations Relating...

Korean Emotional Laborers' Job Stressors and Relievers: Focus on Work Conditions and Emotional Labor Properties

PubMed Central

Lee, Garam

2015-01-01

Background The present study aims to investigate job stressors and stress relievers for Korean emotional laborers, specifically focusing on the effects of work conditions and emotional labor properties. Emotional laborers are asked to hide or distort their real emotions in their interaction with clients. They are exposed to high levels of stress in the emotional labor process, which leads to serious mental health risks including burnout, depression, and even suicide impulse. Exploring job stressors and relieving factors would be the first step in seeking alternatives to protect emotional laborers from those mental health risks. Methods Using the third wave data of Korean Working Conditions Survey, logistic regression analysis was conducted for two purposes: to examine the relations of emotional labor and stress, and to find out job stressors and relievers for emotional laborers. Results The chances of stress arousal are 3.5 times higher for emotional laborers; emotional laborers experience double risk-burden for stress arousal. In addition to general job stressors, emotional laborers need to bear burdens related to emotional labor properties. The effect of social support at the workplace is not significant for stress relief, unlike common assumptions, whereas subjective satisfaction (wage satisfaction and work-life balance) is proven to have relieving effects on emotional laborers' job stress. Conclusion From the results, the importance of a balanced understanding of emotional labor for establishing effective policies for emotional laborer protection is stressed. PMID:26929847

Evidence-based clinical hypnosis for obstetrics, labor and delivery, and preterm labor.

PubMed

Brown, Donald Corey; Hammond, D Corydon

2007-07-01

This paper reviews the benefits and effectiveness of hypnosis in obstetrics and labor and delivery, demonstrating significant reductions in the use of analgesics and anesthesia and in shorter Stages 1 and 2 labors. It presents empirical and theoretical rationales for use of hypnosis in preterm labor (PTL) and labor and delivery at term. The benefits of hypnosis in relation to labor length, pain levels, and the enjoyment of labor, as well as its effectiveness in preterm labor are noted in randomized controlled trials and in a meta-analysis. Risk factors are reported for preterm delivery; hypnosis significantly prolongs pregnancy. Six cases are presented of hypnosis stopping PTL a number of times and when indicated at term. A case report of successful use of hypnosis in quadruplets is presented with some scripts. Suggestions are made for further research.

Labor market outcomes and the transition to adulthood.

PubMed

Danziger, Sheldon; Ratner, David

2010-01-01

According to Sheldon Danziger and David Ratner, changes in the labor market over the past thirty-five years, such as labor-saving technological changes, increased globalization, declining unionization, and the failure of the minimum wage to keep up with inflation, have made it more difficult for young adults to attain the economic stability and self-sufficiency that are important markers of the transition to adulthood. Young men with no more than a high school degree have difficulty earning enough to support a family. Even though young women have achieved gains in earnings, employment, and schooling relative to men in recent decades, those without a college degree also struggle to achieve economic stability and self-sufficiency. The authors begin by describing trends in labor market outcomes for young adults-median annual earnings, the extent of low-wage work, employment rates, job instability, and the returns to education. Then they examine how these outcomes may contribute to delays in other markers of the transition to adulthood-completing an education, establishing independent living arrangements, and marrying and having children. They conclude that adverse changes in labor market outcomes are related to those delays but have not been shown to be the primary cause. Danziger and Ratner next consider several public policy reforms that might improve the economic outlook for young adults. They recommend policies that would increase the returns to work, especially for less-educated workers. They propose raising the federal minimum wage and adjusting it annually to maintain its value relative to the median wage. Expanding the Earned Income Tax Credit for childless low-wage workers, the authors say, could also raise the take-home pay of many young adult workers, with minimal adverse employment effects. New policies should also provide work opportunities for young adults who cannot find steady employment either because of poor economic conditions or because of physical

Implication of Emotional Labor, Cognitive Flexibility, and Relational Energy among Cabin Crew: A Review

PubMed Central

Baruah, Rithi; Reddy, K. Jayasankara

2018-01-01

The primary aim of the civil aviation industry is to provide a secured and comfortable service to their customers and clients. This review concentrates on the cabin crew members, who are the frontline employees of the aviation industry and are salaried to smile. The objective of this review article is to analyze the variables of emotional labor, cognitive flexibility, and relational energy using the biopsychosocial model and identify organizational implications among cabin crew. Online databases such as EBSCOhost, JSTOR, Springerlink, and PubMed were used to gather articles for the review. The authors analyzed 17 articles from 2001 to 2016 and presented a comprehensive review. The review presented an integrative approach and suggested a hypothetical model that can prove to be a signitficant contribution to the avaition industry in particular and to research findings of aviation psychology. PMID:29743777

Implication of Emotional Labor, Cognitive Flexibility, and Relational Energy among Cabin Crew: A Review.

PubMed

Baruah, Rithi; Reddy, K Jayasankara

2018-01-01

The primary aim of the civil aviation industry is to provide a secured and comfortable service to their customers and clients. This review concentrates on the cabin crew members, who are the frontline employees of the aviation industry and are salaried to smile. The objective of this review article is to analyze the variables of emotional labor, cognitive flexibility, and relational energy using the biopsychosocial model and identify organizational implications among cabin crew. Online databases such as EBSCOhost, JSTOR, Springerlink, and PubMed were used to gather articles for the review. The authors analyzed 17 articles from 2001 to 2016 and presented a comprehensive review. The review presented an integrative approach and suggested a hypothetical model that can prove to be a signitficant contribution to the avaition industry in particular and to research findings of aviation psychology.

22 CFR 901.19 - Labor organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Labor organization. 901.19 Section 901.19 Foreign Relations FOREIGN SERVICE GRIEVANCE BOARD GENERAL Meanings of Terms As Used in This Chapter § 901.19 Labor organization. Labor organization means any employee organization accorded recognition as the...

Teaching Labor Relations with "Norma Rae"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Vicki Fairbanks; Provitera, Michael J.

2011-01-01

Undergraduate business students in North America are often unfamiliar with the labor organizing process and frequently fail to identify with the reasons why workers join unions. This article suggests a discussion exercise based on the 1979 film, "Norma Rae," by 20th Century Fox, as an effective tool for familiarizing students with fundamental…

29 CFR 1690.104 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Opportunity Programs) 43 FR 28967, July 5, 1978. (These regulations will also appear as EEOC Management... 29 Labor 4 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Authority. 1690.104 Section 1690.104 Labor Regulations... COORDINATION OF EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY ISSUANCES General § 1690.104 Authority. These regulations are...

29 CFR 1690.104 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Opportunity Programs) 43 FR 28967, July 5, 1978. (These regulations will also appear as EEOC Management... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Authority. 1690.104 Section 1690.104 Labor Regulations... COORDINATION OF EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY ISSUANCES General § 1690.104 Authority. These regulations are...

29 CFR 1690.104 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Opportunity Programs) 43 FR 28967, July 5, 1978. (These regulations will also appear as EEOC Management... 29 Labor 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Authority. 1690.104 Section 1690.104 Labor Regulations... COORDINATION OF EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY ISSUANCES General § 1690.104 Authority. These regulations are...

29 CFR 1690.104 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Opportunity Programs) 43 FR 28967, July 5, 1978. (These regulations will also appear as EEOC Management... 29 Labor 4 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Authority. 1690.104 Section 1690.104 Labor Regulations... COORDINATION OF EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY ISSUANCES General § 1690.104 Authority. These regulations are...

29 CFR 1690.104 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Opportunity Programs) 43 FR 28967, July 5, 1978. (These regulations will also appear as EEOC Management... 29 Labor 4 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Authority. 1690.104 Section 1690.104 Labor Regulations... COORDINATION OF EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY ISSUANCES General § 1690.104 Authority. These regulations are...

An Analysis of Gender Equity in the Federal Labor Relations Career Field.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, Bud; Wendt, Ann; Slonaker, William

2002-01-01

Government employment statistics indicate that the number of federal labor relations specialists declined 7% from 1991-2000; the proportion of women in the field grew from 42.2% to 50.9%; and the pay gap narrowed. The number of women in upper management rose 18% between 1991 and 1998. (Contains 31 references.) (SK)

A Select Bibliography of Books on Labor Issues.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, Washington, DC.

This annotated bibliography of 90 books on labor issues presents selections in the following areas: labor history, biographies, contemporary issues, labor economics and labor relations, labor law, labor unions, women and work, and reference books. (DB)

Regional analyses of labor markets and demography: a model based Norwegian example.

PubMed

Stambol, L S; Stolen, N M; Avitsland, T

1998-01-01

The authors discuss the regional REGARD model, developed by Statistics Norway to analyze the regional implications of macroeconomic development of employment, labor force, and unemployment. "In building the model, empirical analyses of regional producer behavior in manufacturing industries have been performed, and the relation between labor market development and regional migration has been investigated. Apart from providing a short description of the REGARD model, this article demonstrates the functioning of the model, and presents some results of an application." excerpt

20 CFR 656.24 - Labor certification determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... officers in the ETA application processing centers have the authority to certify or deny labor... an ETA application processing center may refer the matter to the Office of Foreign Labor... applications or specific applications be handled in the ETA national office, the Directors of the ETA...

29 CFR 1202.14 - Labor members of Adjustment Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Labor members of Adjustment Board. 1202.14 Section 1202.14 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD RULES OF PROCEDURE § 1202.14 Labor members of Adjustment Board. Section 3, First, (f) of title I of the Railway Labor Act relating to...

Labor Force Nonparticipation of Older People: United States, 1890-1970.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graney, Marshall J.; Cottam, Doris M.

1981-01-01

Analysis of U.S. census data provides evidence that decreased labor force participation of older people, 1980 to 1970, was due to the disproportionate growth in numbers of persons aged 65 or older and the growing economic dominance of industries that provide relatively few opportunities for older people's participation. (Author)

Changes in the Relative Labor Force Status of Black and White Youths: A Review of the Literature.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mare, Robert D.; Winship, Christopher

Since World War II, unemployment rates for black youths have risen much more rapidly than for white youths. This report reviews possible causes of the worsening relative employment status of black youths, including market and structural trends in the sizes of labor force entry cohorts, competition in the low-wage labor market from women and…

5 CFR Appendix B to 5 Cfr Chapter... - Memorandum Describing the Authority and Assigned Responsibilities of the General Counsel of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Assigned Responsibilities of the General Counsel of the Federal Labor Relations Authority B Appendix B to 5... FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY AND FEDERAL SERVICE IMPASSES PANEL Ch. XIV, App. B Appendix B to 5 CFR... chapter, (B) file and prosecute complaints under this chapter, and (C) exercise such other powers of the...

5 CFR Appendix B to 5 Cfr Chapter... - Memorandum Describing the Authority and Assigned Responsibilities of the General Counsel of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Assigned Responsibilities of the General Counsel of the Federal Labor Relations Authority B Appendix B to 5... FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY AND FEDERAL SERVICE IMPASSES PANEL Ch. XIV, App. B Appendix B to 5 CFR... chapter, (B) file and prosecute complaints under this chapter, and (C) exercise such other powers of the...

5 CFR Appendix B to 5 Cfr Chapter... - Memorandum Describing the Authority and Assigned Responsibilities of the General Counsel of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Assigned Responsibilities of the General Counsel of the Federal Labor Relations Authority B Appendix B to 5... FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY AND FEDERAL SERVICE IMPASSES PANEL Ch. XIV, App. B Appendix B to 5 CFR... chapter, (B) file and prosecute complaints under this chapter, and (C) exercise such other powers of the...

5 CFR Appendix B to 5 Cfr Chapter... - Memorandum Describing the Authority and Assigned Responsibilities of the General Counsel of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Assigned Responsibilities of the General Counsel of the Federal Labor Relations Authority B Appendix B to 5... FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY AND FEDERAL SERVICE IMPASSES PANEL Ch. XIV, App. B Appendix B to 5 CFR... chapter, (B) file and prosecute complaints under this chapter, and (C) exercise such other powers of the...

Fatigue and related factors among hotel workers: the effects of emotional labor and non-standard working hours.

PubMed

Lee, Ju Jong; Moon, Hyun Jey; Lee, Kyung-Jae; Kim, Joo Ja

2014-01-01

This study assessed fatigue and its association with emotional labor and non-standard working hours among hotel workers. A structured self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 1,320 employees of five hotels located in Seoul. The questionnaire survey included questions concerning the participants' sociodemographics, health-related behaviors, job-related factors, emotional labor, and fatigue. Fatigue was assessed using the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS). Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to determine the associations between fatigue and emotional labor. Among male workers, there was a significant association between fatigue and both emotional disharmony (OR=5.52, 95% CI=2.35-12.97) and emotional effort (OR=3.48, 95% CI=1.54-7.86). These same associations were seen among the female workers (emotional disharmony: OR=6.91, 95% CI=2.93-16.33; emotional effort: OR=2.28, 95% CI=1.00-5.16). These results indicate that fatigue is associated with emotional labor and, especially, emotional disharmony among hotel workers. Therefore, emotional disharmony management would prove helpful for the prevention of fatigue.

"Subconscious" Sex Bias and Labor Market Reality.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baldwin, Stephen E.

1979-01-01

Discusses the contention that the resentment some men feel toward working women is based on sympathy toward unemployed male breadwinners. Argues that this rationalization ignores the gross discrepancy in the size of the two labor force groups and the real issues in labor market discrimination against women. (Author/IRT)

[Body, strength, and labor: reflexions in the light of gender relations].

PubMed

Costa, L H

2000-01-01

The present paper intends to contribute on a reflection and discussion of some issues related to female's body and the strength present in laborwork, understood as the moment in which through the support of another person, a woman "gives birth". It also discusses the perspective of male dominance having as reference the symbolic violence from Bordieu, proposing that the humanizing of labor demands a thorough discussion on gender dominance.

Teachers and Labor Relations, 1977-78. Special Report. Government Employee Relations Report Covering Municipal, County, State, and Federal Developments.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., Washington, DC.

Several important issues relating to teachers and labor relations stood out in 1977-78. By the end of the year, a proposed merger between the two major teacher unions appeared remote. The National Education Association (NEA) added 100,000 members in 1977. The NEA lobbied in favor of legislation creating a separate Department of Education but the…

20 CFR 204.7 - Employment relation-service to a local lodge or division of a railway labor organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... or division of a railway labor organization. 204.7 Section 204.7 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD RETIREMENT ACT EMPLOYMENT RELATION § 204.7 Employment relation—service to a local lodge or division of a railway labor organization. Service by an individual to...

Alberta's 2002 Teacher Strike: The Political Economy of Labor Relations in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barnetson, Bob

2010-01-01

In 2002, approximately two thirds of school teachers in the Canadian province of Alberta went on strike. Drawing on media, government and union documents, this case study reveals some contours of the political economy of labor relations in education that are normally hidden from view. Among these features are that the state can react to worker…

Analysis of Labor and Economics: Needs for the Next Decade.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Start, Jack; Goldsbury, Tammi

1988-01-01

Labor and economic issues in the United States for the coming decade are related to their impact on the vocational future of persons with mental retardation. A lack of workers in the services industry and an increased emphasis on vocational training suggests improved prospects for competitive employment positions for this population. (Author/DB)

From Labor Shortage to Labor Surplus: The Changing Labor Market Context and Its Meaning for Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fogg, Neeta P.; Harrington, Paul E.

2009-01-01

The authors examine how the American economy has experienced sharp contractions in overall levels of output, income, and wealth resulting from the recent financial crisis, and how these losses have had an impact on the nation's labor market. The significance of these trends to American higher education is summarized in these terms: "Large labor…

Protecting Labor Rights: Roles for Public Health

PubMed Central

Gaydos, Megan; Yu, Karen; Weintraub, June

2013-01-01

Federal, state, and local labor laws establish minimum standards for working conditions, including wages, work hours, occupational safety, and collective bargaining. The adoption and enforcement of labor laws protect and promote social, economic, and physical determinants of health, while incomplete compliance undermines these laws and contributes to health inequalities. Using existing legal authorities, some public health agencies may be able to contribute to the adoption, monitoring, and enforcement of labor laws. We describe how routine public health functions have been adapted in San Francisco, California, to support compliance with minimum wage and workers' compensation insurance standards. Based on these experiences, we consider the opportunities and obstacles for health agencies to defend and advance labor standards. Increasing coordinated action between health and labor agencies may be a promising approach to reducing health inequities and efficiently enforcing labor standards. PMID:24179278

Protecting labor rights: roles for public health.

PubMed

Bhatia, Rajiv; Gaydos, Megan; Yu, Karen; Weintraub, June

2013-11-01

Federal, state, and local labor laws establish minimum standards for working conditions, including wages, work hours, occupational safety, and collective bargaining. The adoption and enforcement of labor laws protect and promote social, economic, and physical determinants of health, while incomplete compliance undermines these laws and contributes to health inequalities. Using existing legal authorities, some public health agencies may be able to contribute to the adoption, monitoring, and enforcement of labor laws. We describe how routine public health functions have been adapted in San Francisco, California, to support compliance with minimum wage and workers' compensation insurance standards. Based on these experiences, we consider the opportunities and obstacles for health agencies to defend and advance labor standards. Increasing coordinated action between health and labor agencies may be a promising approach to reducing health inequities and efficiently enforcing labor standards.

Labor Market Structure and Salary Determination among Professional Basketball Players.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wallace, Michael

1988-01-01

The author investigates the labor market structure and determinants of salaries for professional basketball players. An expanded version of the resource perspective is used. A three-tiered model of labor market segmentation is revealed for professional basketball players, but other variables also are important in salary determination. (Author/CH)

75 FR 16840 - Delegation of Authority

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-02

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Office of the Secretary Delegation of Authority On February 24, 2010, the... Assistant Secretary for Employment and Training FROM: HILDA L. SOLIS Secretary of Labor SUBJECT: Delegation... Acting Director of the Office of Job Corps will report directly to you while this delegation of authority...

46 CFR 5.71 - Maritime labor disputes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Maritime labor disputes. 5.71 Section 5.71 Shipping... REGULATIONS-PERSONNEL ACTION Statement of Policy and Interpretation § 5.71 Maritime labor disputes. Under no circumstances will the Coast Guard exercise its authority for the purpose of favoring any party to a maritime...

Care Practice #2: Freedom of Movement Throughout Labor

PubMed Central

Shilling, Teri; Romano, Amy M.; DiFranco, Joyce T.

2007-01-01

This updated edition of Care Practice Paper #2 presents the evidence for the benefits of allowing freedom of movement in labor. Physiologic and anatomical principles that support the benefits of movement are explained. The authors review common obstacles to movement in labor, including the routine use of interventions that inhibit women's ability to walk or change position. Women are encouraged to plan to be active in labor and to select care providers and birth settings that provide the full range of options for using movement in labor. PMID:18566644

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

Wives' Relative Wages, Husbands' Paid Work Hours, and Wives' Labor-Force Exit

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shafer, Emily Fitzgibbons

2011-01-01

Economic theories predict that women are more likely to exit the labor force if their partners' earnings are higher and if their own wage rate is lower. In this article, I use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (N = 2,254) and discrete-time event-history analysis to show that wives' relative wages are more predictive of their exit than are…

Polymorphism in the ADRB2 gene explains a small portion of intersubject variability in pain relative to cervical dilation in the first stage of labor.

PubMed

Terkawi, Abdullah S; Jackson, William M; Hansoti, Shehnaz; Tabassum, Rabeena; Flood, Pamela

2014-07-01

Variability in labor pain has been associated with demographic, clinical, and psychological factors. Polymorphisms of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2) influence sensitivity to experimental pain in humans and are a risk factor for chronic pain. The authors hypothesized that polymorphisms in ADRB2 may influence labor pain. After Institutional Review Board approval and written informed consent, the authors prospectively obtained hourly pain reports from 233 nulliparous parturients during the first stage of labor, of which 199 were included in the current analysis. DNA from blood samples was genotyped at polymorphisms in the genes for the β2-adrenergic receptor, the μ opioid receptor subtype 1, catechol-O-methyltransferase, fatty acid amide hydrolase, and the oxytocin receptor. Labor pain as a function of cervical dilation was modeled with previously described methods. Patient covariates, ADRB2 genotype, and obstetrical and anesthesia treatment were evaluated as covariates in the model. Labor pain more rapidly became severe in parturients heterozygous or homozygous for the G allele at rs1042714 in the ADRB2 gene. Labor pain increased more rapidly after artificial rupture of membranes, augmentation with oxytocin, and in younger women. Inclusion of covariates explained approximately 10% of the variability between subjects. ADRB2 genotype explained less than 1% of the intersubject variability. ADRB2 genotype correlates with labor pain but explained less than 1% of the intersubject variance in the model.

29 CFR 780.315 - Local hand harvest laborers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Local hand harvest laborers. 780.315 Section 780.315 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL...) Statutory Provisions § 780.315 Local hand harvest laborers. (a) A requirement of the exemption is that an...

48 CFR 22.1004 - Department of Labor responsibilities and regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Contract Act of 1965, as Amended 22.1004 Department of Labor responsibilities and regulations. Under the Act, the Secretary of Labor is authorized and directed to enforce the provisions of the Act, make.... The Department of Labor has issued implementing regulations on such matters as— (a) Service contract...

A Guide to Child Labor Provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions (DOL), Washington, DC.

This revised guide to the child labor provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act contains general information useful to employers and coordinators of cooperative and work experience programs involving employment of youth under 18 years of age. Included in the document are provisions relating to: (1) age standards, (2) coverage of the act, (3)…

29 CFR 2400.3 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Delegation of authority. 2400.3 Section 2400.3 Labor... IMPLEMENTING THE PRIVACY ACT § 2400.3 Delegation of authority. (a) The Chairman shall designate an OSHRC... § 2400.4(c) of this part. ...

29 CFR 2400.3 - Delegation of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Delegation of authority. 2400.3 Section 2400.3 Labor... IMPLEMENTING THE PRIVACY ACT § 2400.3 Delegation of authority. (a) The Chairman shall designate an OSHRC... § 2400.4(c) of this part. ...

The National Labor Relations Act and the Regulation of Public Employee Collective Bargaining

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCann, Walter; Smiley, Stafford

1976-01-01

The arguments for and against federal assumption of the responsibility for regulating the relationship between public employers and public employees are analyzed. It is suggested that the National Labor Relations Act should be extended to include them, thereby imposing upon them a duty to bargain collectively. Available from: the Harvard…

Department of Labor Semiannual Regulatory Agenda

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-26

... Sector Intermediate Unions 210 Persuader Agreements: Employer and Labor Consultant Reporting Under the...: Reports by Labor Organizations on Related Organizations; Reporting by Public 1215-AB75 Sector Intermediate... ORGANIZATIONS ON RELATED ORGANIZATIONS; REPORTING BY PUBLIC SECTOR INTERMEDIATE UNIONS Priority: Other...

Severe and fatal obstetric injury claims in relation to labor unit volume.

PubMed

Milland, Maria; Mikkelsen, Kim L; Christoffersen, Jens K; Hedegaard, Morten

2015-05-01

To assess possible association between the incidence of approved claims for severe and fatal obstetric injuries and delivery volume in Denmark. A nationwide panel study of labor units. Claimants seeking financial compensation due to injuries occurring in labor units in 1995-2012. Exposure information regarding the annual number of deliveries per labor unit was retrieved from the Danish National Birth Register. Outcome information was retrieved from the Danish Patient Compensation Association. Exposure was categorized in delivery volume quintiles as annual volume per labor unit: (10-1377), (1378-2016), (2017-2801), (2802-3861), (3862-6659). Five primary measures of outcome were used. Incidence rate ratios of (A) Submitted claims, (B) Approved claims, (C) Approved severe injury claims (120% degree of disability), (D) Approved fatal injury claims, and (C+D) Combined. 1 151 734 deliveries in 51 labor units and 1872 submitted claims were included. The incidence rate ratios of approved claims overall, of approved fatal injury claims, and of approved severe and fatal injuries combined increased significantly with decreasing annual delivery volume. Face value incidence rate ratios of approved severe injuries increased with decreasing labor unit volume, but the association did not reach statistical significance. High volume labor units appear associated with fewer approved and fewer fatal injury claims compared with units with less volume. The findings support the development towards consolidation of units in Denmark. A suggested option would be to tailor obstetric patient safety initiatives according to the delivery volume of individual labor units. © 2015 Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

MIGRATORY LABOR IN COLORADO.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DOUGLASS, M.R.; AND OTHERS

CONDITIONS AND PROBLEMS RELATING TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF SEASONAL FARM WORKERS AND MIGRANTS IN COLORADO ARE PRESENTED. THE FIVE MAJOR SEASONAL FARM LABOR STATE EMPLOYMENT AREAS ARE SURVEYED ACCORDING TO (1) THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SEASONAL FARM LABOR (4) TRENDS IN AGRICULTURAL ACREAGE, PRODUCTION, AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, (5) COMMUNITY ATTITUDES AND…

Labor Force Experience of Women from "Generation X."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiNatale, Marisa; Boraas, Stephanie

2002-01-01

In 2000, women aged 25-34 years participated in the labor force in greater proportions, were more educated, earned more, and enjoyed more labor market benefits than their counterparts 25 years earlier. The earnings gap between young women and men narrowed substantially during the period. (Contains 18 references.) (Author)

Preventing Greater Uncertainty in Labor-Management Relations Act

THOMAS, 113th Congress

Sen. Alexander, Lamar [R-TN

2013-04-25

Senate - 04/25/2013 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

29 CFR 780.315 - Local hand harvest laborers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(a)(6... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Local hand harvest laborers. 780.315 Section 780.315 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL...

48 CFR 809.270 - Qualified products for convenience/labor-saving foods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... convenience/labor-saving foods. 809.270 Section 809.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF... 809.270 Qualified products for convenience/labor-saving foods. (a) Each VISN Nutrition and Food Service representative is authorized to establish a common VISN QPL for convenience and labor-saving foods...

The Massive Open Online Course Movement, xMOOCs, and Faculty Labor

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rhoads, Robert A.; Camacho, Maria Sayil; Toven-Lindsey, Brit; Lozano, Jennifer Berdan

2015-01-01

Using critical discourse analysis, the authors examine a broad range of texts to make sense of the rise of the MOOC movement and implications for faculty work. Drawing on Braverman's labor process theory and critiques of neoliberalism, the authors highlight the role of xMOOCs in particular, focusing on challenges to faculty labor. They organize…

Preventing Greater Uncertainty in Labor-Management Relations Act

THOMAS, 113th Congress

Rep. Roe, David P. [R-TN-1

2013-03-13

Senate - 04/15/2013 Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status Passed HouseHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

Authority Is Relational: Rethinking Educational Empowerment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bingham, Charles

2008-01-01

Written in an accessible and personal style, this innovative study of authority in education examines scenarios of authority in ways that problematize, augment, and redefine prevalent ideas of how it works. Usually seen as a thing that people have, the author suggests that authority should be understood instead as a relation that happens between…

"A Welcome Debate" over Labor Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Warren, Cat

2010-01-01

This article presents an interview with Wilma B. Liebman, the new chair of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). In this interview, Liebman talks about labor law, academics, and reversing ossification.

What Is Labor?

MedlinePlus

... know about postpartum depression? Related A-Z Topics Breastfeeding and Breast Milk Preconception Care and Prenatal Care Preterm Labor and Birth NICHD News and Features Release: Women with pregnancy-related diabetes may be at risk for chronic kidney disease ...

Couples' Attitudes, Childbirth, and the Division of Labor

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jansen, Miranda; Liefbroer, Aart C.

2006-01-01

In this article, the authors examine effects of partners' attitudes on the timing of the birth of a first child, the division of domestic labor, the division of child care, and the division of paid labor of couples. They use data from the Panel Study of Social Integration in the Netherlands, which includes independent measures of both partners'…

Assessing first-stage labor progression and its relationship to complications.

PubMed

Hamilton, Emily F; Warrick, Philip A; Collins, Kathleen; Smith, Samuel; Garite, Thomas J

2016-03-01

characteristic curves were constructed for each assessment method by measurement of the sensitivity for each complication vs the false-positive rate in the normal reference group. The duration of arrest at ≥6 cm dilation showed poor levels of discrimination for the cesarean delivery interventions (area under the curve, 0.55-0.65; P < .01) and no significant relationship to hemorrhage or neonatal depression. The dilation and station percentiles showed high discrimination for the cesarean delivery-related outcomes (area under the curve, 0.78-0.93; P < .01) and low discrimination for the clinical outcomes of hemorrhage and neonatal depression (area under the curve, 0.58-0.61; P < .01). Duration of arrest of dilation at ≥6 cm showed little or no discrimination for any of the complications. In comparison, percentile rankings that were based on the adaptive multifactorial models showed much higher discrimination for cesarean delivery interventions and better, but low discrimination for hemorrhage. Adaptive multifactorial models present a different method to assess labor progress. Rather than "pass/fail" criteria that are applicable only to dilation in late labor, they produce percentile rankings, assess 2 essential processes for vaginal birth (dilation and descent), and can be applied from 3 cm onward. Given the limitations of labor-progress assessment based solely on the passage of time and because of the extreme variation in decision-making for cesarean delivery for labor disorders, the types of mathematic analyses that are described in this article are logical and promising steps to help standardize labor assessment. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Consumers' Loyalty Related to Labor Inclusion of People with Disabilities.

PubMed

González, Marta; Luis Fernández, José

2016-01-01

the purpose of this paper is to show that reporting the corporate commitment to labor exclusion of people with disability correlates with the increase of consumer loyalty. It is a theoretical revision that will relate consumer loyalty to three main topics: disability and labor exclusion, responsible consumerism toward disability, and corporate communication to increase loyalty of those consumers that are concerned about this problem.      • Disability is an invisible phenomenon that concerns the whole of human society. So, the exclusion of the collective appears as a great social problem that might be dealt by the companies to be perceived as responsible.      • Responsible companies are awarded with the loyalty of the consumers.      • Clear corporate information about the commitment with this problem will reinforce the loyalty toward the brand.      • This information can be given in an informal way or by following a certification process. The impact of those methods will depend on how disability is understood by each consumer. This paper focuses on a topic usually neglected by companies and even by literature. However, the fact that more and more companies are paying attention to this problem allows us to think that we are facing a social change that will challenge companies.

Consumers’ Loyalty Related to Labor Inclusion of People with Disabilities

PubMed Central

González, Marta; Luis Fernández, José

2016-01-01

Purpose: the purpose of this paper is to show that reporting the corporate commitment to labor exclusion of people with disability correlates with the increase of consumer loyalty. Methodology: It is a theoretical revision that will relate consumer loyalty to three main topics: disability and labor exclusion, responsible consumerism toward disability, and corporate communication to increase loyalty of those consumers that are concerned about this problem. Findings:      • Disability is an invisible phenomenon that concerns the whole of human society. So, the exclusion of the collective appears as a great social problem that might be dealt by the companies to be perceived as responsible.      • Responsible companies are awarded with the loyalty of the consumers.      • Clear corporate information about the commitment with this problem will reinforce the loyalty toward the brand.      • This information can be given in an informal way or by following a certification process. The impact of those methods will depend on how disability is understood by each consumer. Originality/value: This paper focuses on a topic usually neglected by companies and even by literature. However, the fact that more and more companies are paying attention to this problem allows us to think that we are facing a social change that will challenge companies. PMID:27445880

75 FR 13429 - Unfair Labor Practice Proceedings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-22

...-Management Relations Statute (Statute). The revisions also clarify certain administrative matters relating to... strengthen labor-management relationships that will aid in resolving disputes short of litigation. These... Creating Labor-Management Forums to Improve Delivery of Government Services, issued on December 9, 2009 by...

75 FR 5003 - Unfair Labor Practice Proceedings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-01

...-Management Relations Statute (Statute). The revisions also clarify certain administrative matters relating to... strengthen labor-management relationships that will aid in resolving disputes short of litigation. These... Creating Labor-Management Forums to Improve Delivery of Government Services, issued on December 9, 2009, by...

12 CFR 618.8010 - Related services authorization process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Related services authorization process. 618... PROVISIONS Related Services § 618.8010 Related services authorization process. (a) Authorities. System banks and associations may only offer related services that meet the criteria specified in this regulation...

Career Effects of Occupation-Related Vocational Education: Evidence from the Military's Internal Labor Market

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pema, Elda; Mehay, Stephen

2012-01-01

Prior research on the labor market success of secondary vocational education has produced mixed results, with several studies finding wage gains only for individuals who work in training-related occupations. We contribute to this debate by focusing on a single occupation and organization and by comparing the careers of employees with and without…

29 CFR 780.332 - Exchange of labor between farmers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Employment in Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Exchange of labor between farmers. 780.332 Section 780.332 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS...

77 FR 9267 - Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the Production of Goods in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the... Child Labor AGENCY: The Bureau of International Labor Affairs, United States Department of Labor. ACTION..., 2011, regarding child labor and forced labor in foreign countries. Relevant information will be used by...

78 FR 72714 - Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the Production of Goods in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-03

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the... Child Labor AGENCY: The Bureau of International Labor Affairs, United States Department of Labor. ACTION..., 2013, regarding child labor and forced labor in foreign countries. Relevant information will be used by...

29 CFR 452.14 - Newly formed or merged labor organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 452.14 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS GENERAL STATEMENT CONCERNING THE ELECTION PROVISIONS OF THE LABOR-MANAGEMENT... identity the terms of its officers may not be extended beyond the maximum period specified by the Act for...

Marital Quality and Conjugal Labor Involvement of Rural Couples.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bokemeier, Janet; Maurer, Richard

1987-01-01

Examined data from survey of nonmetropolitan households (N=770 couples) to describe conjugal labor involvement of rural couples and to assess relationship between labor involvement and marital quality. Found that, when work situations of both spouses were considered, many couples either had no jobs or more than two jobs. (Author/NB)

Maternal asthma and idiopathic preterm labor.

PubMed

Kramer, M S; Coates, A L; Michoud, M C; Dagenais, S; Moshonas, D; Davis, G M; Hamilton, E F; Nuwayhid, B; Joshi, A K; Papageorgiou, A

1995-11-15

Previous studies suggest that women with asthma are at increased risk of preterm birth. Moreover, drugs (especially beta-agonists) used to treat asthma are also used to treat preterm labor. The authors carried out a case-control study of 555 women from three hospital centers with idiopathic preterm labor (< 37 weeks), including two overlapping (i.e., non-mutually exclusive) subsamples: cases with early idiopathic preterm labor (< 34 weeks) and cases with idiopathic recurrent preterm labor (< 37 weeks plus a previous history of preterm delivery or second-trimester miscarriage). Controls were matched to cases according to race and smoking history prior to and during pregnancy. All subjects responded in person to questions about atopic, respiratory, obstetric, and sociodemographic histories. Subjects in the early and recurrent preterm labor subsamples were also asked to undergo spirometric testing with methacholine challenge 6-12 weeks after delivery. Cases were significantly more likely to report histories of asthma symptoms and physician-diagnosed asthma (matched odds ratios of 2-3) than controls, particularly those cases with recurrent preterm labor. No significant associations were observed, however, with methacholine responsiveness. These results could not be explained by residual confounding by smoking or other variables, nor by selective recall of asthma symptoms and histories by cases. Women with asthma are at increased risk of idiopathic preterm labor. The fact that no such association was seen with methacholine responsiveness suggests that nonatopic, noncholinergic mechanisms may link bronchial and uterine smooth muscle lability.

Sex Education, Sexual Labor, and Education: The Need for Alternative Sexual Pedagogies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howlett, Caitlin

2016-01-01

This paper interrogates education's relationship to labor through a consideration of sex education's relationship to sexual labor. Beginning with a basic question--why does sex education exist as a federally funded project?--the author examines sex education's relationship to normativity and sexual labor throughout its history as a federally…

Unemployment, informal work, precarious employment, child labor, slavery, and health inequalities: pathways and mechanisms.

PubMed

Muntaner, Carles; Solar, Orielle; Vanroelen, Christophe; Martínez, José Miguel; Vergara, Montserrat; Santana, Vilma; Castedo, Antía; Kim, Il-Ho; Benach, Joan

2010-01-01

The study explores the pathways and mechanisms of the relation between employment conditions and health inequalities. A significant amount of published research has proved that workers in several risky types of labor--precarious employment, unemployment, informal labor, child and bonded labor--are exposed to behavioral, psychosocial, and physio-pathological pathways leading to physical and mental health problems. Other pathways, linking employment to health inequalities, are closely connected to hazardous working conditions (material and social deprivation, lack of social protection, and job insecurity), excessive demands, and unattainable work effort, with little power and few rewards (in salaries, fringe benefits, or job stability). Differences across countries in the social contexts and types of jobs result in varying pathways, but the general conceptual model suggests that formal and informal power relations between employees and employers can determine health conditions. In addition, welfare state regimes (unionization and employment protection) can increase or decrease the risk of mortality, morbidity, and occupational injury. In a multilevel context, however, these micro- and macro-level pathways have yet to be fully studied, especially in middle- and low-income countries. The authors recommend some future areas of study on the pathways leading to employment-related health inequalities, using worldwide standard definitions of the different forms of labor, authentic data, and a theoretical framework.

5 CFR 2429.18 - Service of petitions for review of final authority orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... established in Public Law No. 100-236 for determining the appropriate court of appeals to review an agency... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Service of petitions for review of final authority orders. 2429.18 Section 2429.18 Administrative Personnel FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY...

20 CFR 655.1292 - Authority of ETA-OFLC.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Authority of ETA-OFLC. 655.1292 Section 655... Employment in the United States (H-2A Workers) § 655.1292 Authority of ETA-OFLC. Temporary agricultural labor... Department of Labor's (the Department or DOL) Employment & Training Administration (ETA), who, in turn, may...

29 CFR 1977.16 - Notification of Secretary of Labor's determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Notification of Secretary of Labor's determination. 1977.16 Section 1977.16 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) DISCRIMINATION AGAINST EMPLOYEES EXERCISING RIGHTS UNDER THE...

Child Labor and the Influencing Factors: Evidence from less Developed Provinces of Iran

PubMed Central

HOMAIE RAD, Enayatollah; GHOLAMPOOR, Hanie; JAAFARIPOOYAN, Ebrahim

2015-01-01

Background: This study aimed to calculate the child labor rate and establish the factors affecting this phenomenon in the less developed provinces of Iran. Methods: This study has used the secondary data of population and housing census gathered by Iranian Statistical Center in 2011. The data belonged to 14859 children between 10 and 14 of 9 less developed provinces of Iran. A multiple regression model was hypothesized drawing on related literature and accordingly using data; the logistic regression was estimated. Data cleaning process was also conducted prior to the analysis. Results: The child labor force participation rate for all children between 10 and 14 years old was 1.7%, of which boys’ child labor rate was higher than girls’ (2.4% over 1%). As such, the mothers’ fertility rate and education were of the strongest, yet converse, effect on child labor supply in the country. Conclusion: A little proportion of children in less developed regions of Iran was suffering from child labor. However, given the diminishing and rising effects of, respectively, variables such as mothers’ literacy and working on the child labor; the authorities could restrict child labor attending more to such a group. The factors identified could also be of a high value for the policy-makers at both national and international level such as the Health and Welfare ministries, EMRO, ILO and UNICEF. PMID:26587499

State Labor Legislation Enacted in 1989.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, Richard R.

1990-01-01

Discusses major laws enacted on a variety of subjects, including minimum wage, parental leave, drugs and AIDS testing, and door-to-door sales by children. A state-by-state summary of labor legislation is included. (Author)

Alternative Work Schedules: A Labor Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zalusky, John L.

1977-01-01

The compressed work week, flexitime, and job sharing are discussed from the labor perspective. The author suggests that it is unlikely that unions will endorse flexible work arrangements that jeopardize the eight-hour-day concept. (LBH)

Simultaneous monitoring of maternal and fetal heart rate variability during labor in relation with fetal gender.

PubMed

Gonçalves, Hernâni; Fernandes, Diana; Pinto, Paula; Ayres-de-Campos, Diogo; Bernardes, João

2017-11-01

Male gender is considered a risk factor for several adverse perinatal outcomes. Fetal gender effect on fetal heart rate (FHR) has been subject of several studies with contradictory results. The importance of maternal heart rate (MHR) monitoring during labor has also been investigated, but less is known about the effect of fetal gender on MHR. The aim of this study is to simultaneously assess maternal and FHR variability during labor in relation with fetal gender. Simultaneous MHR and FHR recordings were obtained from 44 singleton term pregnancies during the last 2 hr of labor (H 1, H 2 ). Heart rate tracings were analyzed using linear (time- and frequency-domain) and nonlinear indices. Both linear and nonlinear components were considered in assessing FHR and MHR interaction, including cross-sample entropy (cross-SampEn). Mothers carrying male fetuses (n = 22) had significantly higher values for linear indices related with MHR average and variability and sympatho-vagal balance, while the opposite occurred in the high-frequency component and most nonlinear indices. Significant differences in FHR were only observed in H 1 with higher entropy values in female fetuses. Assessing the differences between FHR and MHR, statistically significant differences were obtained in most nonlinear indices between genders. A significantly higher cross-SampEn was observed in mothers carrying female fetuses (n = 22), denoting lower synchrony or similarity between MHR and FHR. The variability of MHR and the synchrony/similarity between MHR and FHR vary with respect to fetal gender during labor. These findings suggest that fetal gender needs to be taken into account when simultaneously monitoring MHR and FHR. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Improving Education Together: A Guide to Labor-Management-Community Collaboration

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marietta, Geoff; d'Entremont, Chad; Kaur, Emily Murphy

2017-01-01

"Improving Education Together" offers a step-by-step guide to Labor-Management-Community (LMC) collaboration, an intervention that has successfully improved student outcomes in a wide variety of school districts across the country. The authors illustrate how a culture of collaboration between labor, management, and community stakeholders…

Educational Technology. Hearing of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session, on Examining Legislation Authorizing Funds for the Elementary Secondary Education Act, Focusing on Education Technology Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.

This hearing before the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions on examining legislation authorizing funds for the Elementary Secondary Education Act, focusing on educational technology programs, contains statements by: James M Jeffords, Chairman, Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions; Barbara Means, Assistant…

How International Monetary Fund and World Bank policies undermine labor power and rights.

PubMed

Lloyd, Vincent; Weissman, Robert

2002-01-01

Based on reviews of hundreds of loan and project documents from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank, this article provides detailed evidentiary support for critics who have long claimed that the international financial institutions require Third World countries to adopt policies that harm the interests of working people. After reviewing loan documents between the IMF and World Bank and 26 countries, the authors show that the institutions' loan conditionalities include a variety of provisions that undermine labor rights, labor power, and tens of millions of workers' standard of living. These include downsizing of the civil service and privatization of government-owned enterprises; promotion of labor flexibility: the notion that firms should be able to hire and fire workers, or change terms and conditions of work, with minimal regulatory restrictions; mandated wage rate reductions, minimum-wage reductions or containment, and spreading the wage gap between government employees and managers; and pension reforms, including privatization, that cut social security benefits. These labor-related policies take place in the context of broader IMF and World Bank structural adjustment packages that emphasize trade liberalization, with macroeconomic policies that further advance corporate interests at the expense of labor.

TRPC3 Overexpression Promotes the Progression of Inflammation-Induced Preterm Labor and Inhibits T Cell Activation.

PubMed

Jing, Chen; Dongming, Zheng; Hong, Cui; Quan, Na; Sishi, Liu; Caixia, Liu

2018-01-01

To detect the expression of the TRPC3 channel protein in the tissues of women experiencing preterm labor and investigate its interaction with T lymphocytes, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical prevention of threatened preterm labor and the development of drug-targeted therapy. Forty-seven women experiencing preterm labor and 47 women experiencing normal full-term labor were included in this study. All included women underwent delivery via cesarean section; uterine samples were obtained at delivery. The expression of TRPC3 in uterine tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, and western blot assay. Activation of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood and uterine tissue were detected by flow cytometry. A TRPC3-/- mouse model of inflammation-induced preterm labor was established; expression of TRPC3, Cav3.1, and Cav3.2 were analyzed in mouse uterine tissue. Activation of T lymphocytes in female mouse and human peripheral blood samples was determined using flow cytometry. In women experiencing preterm labor, expression of TRPC3 and the Cav3.1 and Cav3.2 proteins was significantly increased; in addition, the percentage of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood was significantly decreased. TRPC3 knockout significantly delayed the occurrence of preterm labor in mice. The muscle tension of ex vivo uterine strips was lower, Cav3.1 and Cav3.2 protein expression was lower, and the percentage of CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly increased in wild-type mice subjected to an inflammation-induced preterm labor than in wild-type mice experiencing normal full-term labor. TRPC3 is closely related to the initiation of labor. TRPC3 relies on Cav3.1 and Cav3.2 proteins to inhibit inflammation-induced preterm labor by inhibiting the activation of T cells, in particular CD8+ T lymphocytes. © 2018 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Fair Representation, the NLRB, and the Courts. Labor Relations and Public Policy Series No. 18.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyce, Timothy J.

This monograph analyzes the law of fair representation, as applied by the National Labor Relations Board and the courts, and its implications for individuals, union officials, and management. As employees increasingly turn to judicial and administrative agencies to protect their rights, the duty of fair representation has become a doctrine of…

The Empirical Study on the Labor Export of Three Gorges Reservoir Area in China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Bangyong

There are many large surplus labor force in the three gorges reservoir area, export of labor services is one way to tackle the problem of employment of the surplus-labor and increase farmers income, export of labor is also a effective way to solve three rural issues. This paper analyzes the need for the development of service economy, study the problems of export of labor services, at last the author give some suggestion to develop labor economy.

29 CFR 780.310 - Exemption for local hand harvest laborers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Employment in Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Exemption for local hand harvest laborers. 780.310 Section 780.310 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR...

Questions and Answers on Unfair Labor Practices. A Practitioner's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Indiana Univ., Bloomington. Midwest Center for Public Sector Labor Relations.

An unfair labor practice is the violation of any right granted employees, unions, or employers by a collective bargaining law. This guide answers common questions about unfair labor practices in public sector labor relations. The booklet is divided into two sections, unfair employer labor practices and unfair union labor practices. The section…

The influence of labor market changes on first-time medical school applicant pools.

PubMed

Cort, David A; Morrison, Emory

2014-12-01

To explore whether the number and composition of first-time applicants to U.S. MD-granting medical schools, which have fluctuated over the past 30 years, are related to changes in labor market strength, specifically the unemployment rate and wages. The authors merged time series data from 1980 through 2010 (inclusive) from five sources and used multivariate time series models to determine whether changes in labor market strength (and several other macro-level factors) were related to the number of the medical school applicants as reported by the American Medical College Application Service. Analyses were replicated across specific sex and race/ethnicity applicant pools. Two results surfaced in the analyses. First, the strength of the labor market was not influential in explaining changes in applicant pool sizes for all applicants, but was strongly influential in explaining changes for black and Hispanic males. Increases of $1,000 in prevailing median wages produced a 1.6% decrease in the white male applicant pool, while 1% increases in the unemployment rate were associated with 4.5% and 3.1% increases in, respectively, the black and Hispanic male applicant pools. Second, labor market strength was a more important determinant in applications from males than in applications from females. Although stakeholders cannot directly influence the overall economic market, they can plan and prepare for fewer applications from males, especially those who are black and Hispanic, when the labor market is strong.

Is epidural analgesia during labor related to retained placenta?

PubMed

Sarit, Avraham; Sokolov, Amit; Many, Ariel

2016-05-01

To explore the influence of epidural analgesia on the course of the third stage of labor and on the incidence of the complete retained placenta as well as retained parts of the placenta. This is a population-based cohort study in a tertiary medical center. We collected data from all 4227 spontaneous singleton vaginal deliveries during 6 months and compared the incidence of retained placenta in deliveries with epidural analgesia with those without analgesia. Multivariable logistic regression was used to control for possible confounders. More than two-thirds of the women (69.25%) used epidural analgesia during their delivery. A need for intervention due to placental disorder during the third stage of labor was noted in 4.2% of all deliveries. Epidural analgesia appeared to be significantly (P=0.028) related to placental disorders compared with no analgesia: 4.8% vs. 3%, respectively. Deliveries with manual interventions during the third stage, for either complete retained placenta or suspected retained parts of the placenta, were associated with the use of epidural analgesia (P=0.008), oxytocin (P=0.002) and older age at delivery (P=0.000), but when including all factors in a multivariable analysis, using a stepwise logistic regression, the factors that were independently associated with interventions for placental disruption during the third stage of delivery were previous cesarean section, oxytocin use and, marginally, older age. Complete retained placenta and retained parts of the placenta share the same risk factors. Epidural analgesia does not directly influence the incidence of complete retained placenta or retained parts, though clinically linked through increased oxytocin use. The factors that were independently associated with interventions for placental disruption during the third stage of delivery were previous cesarean section, oxytocin use and older age.

Labor Dystocia: A Common Approach to Diagnosis.

PubMed

Neal, Jeremy L; Lowe, Nancy K; Schorn, Mavis N; Holley, Sharon L; Ryan, Sharon L; Buxton, Margaret; Wilson-Liverman, Angela M

2015-01-01

Contemporary labor and birth population norms should be the basis for evaluating labor progression and determining slow progress that may benefit from intervention. The aim of this article is to present guidelines for a common, evidence-based approach for determination of active labor onset and diagnosis of labor dystocia based on a synthesis of existing professional guidelines and relevant contemporary publications. A 3-point approach for diagnosing active labor onset and classifying labor dystocia-related labor aberrations into well-defined, mutually exclusive categories that can be used clinically and validated by researchers is proposed. The approach comprises identification of 1) an objective point that strictly defines active labor onset (point of active labor determination); 2) an objective point that identifies when labor progress becomes atypical, beyond which interventions aimed at correcting labor dystocia may be justified (point of protraction diagnosis); and 3) an objective point that identifies when interventions aimed at correcting labor dystocia, if used, can first be determined to be unsuccessful, beyond which assisted vaginal or cesarean birth may be justified (earliest point of arrest diagnosis). Widespread adoption of a common approach for diagnosing labor dystocia will facilitate consistent evaluation of labor progress, improve communications between clinicians and laboring women, indicate when intervention aimed at speeding labor progress or facilitating birth may be appropriate, and allow for more efficient translation of safe and effective management strategies into clinical practice. Correct application of the diagnosis of labor dystocia may lead to a decrease in the rate of cesarean birth, decreased health care costs, and improved health of childbearing women and neonates. © 2015 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives.

Employment and Labor Market Results of the SOPHIE Project: Concepts, Analyses, and Policies.

PubMed

Julià, Mireia; Ollé-Espluga, Laia; Vanroelen, Christophe; De Moortel, Deborah; Mousaid, Sarah; Vinberg, Stig; Puig-Barrachina, Vanessa; Sánchez, Esther; Muntaner, Carles; Artazcoz, Lucía; Benach, Joan

2017-01-01

This article reports evidence gained by the SOPHIE Project regarding employment and labor market-related policies. In the first step, quality of employment and of precarious and informal employment in Europe were conceptualized and defined. Based on these definitions, we analyzed changes in the prevalence and population distribution of key health-affecting characteristics of employment and work between times of economic prosperity and economic crisis in Europe and investigated their impact on health outcomes. Additionally, we examined the effects of several employment and labor market-related policies on factors affecting health equity, including a specific analysis concerning work-related gender equity policies and case studies in different European countries. Our findings show that there is a need to standardize definitions and indicators of (the quality of) employment conditions and improve information systems. This is challenging given the important differences between and within European countries. In our results, low quality of employment and precarious employment is associated with poor mental health. In order to protect the well-being of workers and reduce work-related health inequalities, policies leading to precarious working and employment conditions need to be suspended. Instead, efforts should be made to improve the security and quality of employment for all workers. © The Author(s) 2016.

International Migration of Labor: Boon or Bane?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Philip L.; Richards, Alan

1980-01-01

According to international trade theory, free labor flows across national borders should benefit workers, employers, and societies. But recent evidence indicates that such migration may not provide these desired benefits. (Author/SK)

The Medium-Term Labor Market Returns to Community College Awards: Evidence from North Carolina. A CAPSEE Working Paper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Belfield, Clive; Liu, Yuen Ting; Trimble, Madeline Joy

2014-01-01

In this paper, the authors examine the relative labor market gains for first-time college students who enrolled in the North Carolina Community College System in 2002-03. The medium-term returns to diplomas, certificates, and degrees are compared with returns for students who accumulated college credits but did not graduate. The authors also…

Labor-Force Dynamics at Older Ages

PubMed Central

Zissimopoulos, Julie M.; Karoly, Lynn A.

2012-01-01

Labor-market transitions toward the latter parts of workers’ careers can be complex, with movement between jobs and classes of work and in and out of retirement. The authors analyzed factors associated with the labor-market transitions of older workers to self-employment from unemployment or disability, retirement, or wage and salary work using rich panel data from seven waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). They found evidence that (prior) job characteristics and liquidity constraints are important predictors of movements to self-employment for workers and nonworkers, while risk aversion is a significant predictor only for workers. PMID:23049149

Outcomes of Nulliparous Women with Spontaneous Labor Onset Admitted to Hospitals in Pre-active versus Active Labor

PubMed Central

NEAL, Jeremy L.; LAMP, Jane M.; BUCK, Jacalyn S.; LOWE, Nancy K.; GILLESPIE, Shannon L.; RYAN, Sharon L.

2014-01-01

-active labor. When active labor cannot be diagnosed with relative certainty, observation before admission to the birthing unit is warranted. PMID:24512265

Implicit and Explicit Preference Structures in Models of Labor Supply.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dickinson, Jonathan

The study of labor supply is directed to a theoretical methodology under which the choice of the general functional form of the income-leisure preference structure may be regarded as an empirical question. The author has reviewed the common functional forms employed in empirical labor supply models and has characterized the inherent preference…

[Contemporary methods for preterm labor diagnostics].

PubMed

Kolev, N; Kovachev, E; Ivanov, S; Kornovski, Y; Tsvetkov, K; Angelova, M; Tsonev, A; Ismail, E

2013-01-01

Authors track current trends in preterm labor diagnostics. The emphasis is laid on biochemical tests for examination of fibronectin (fFN) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP-1) in cervical and vaginal secretions, as well as ultrasound assessment of cervical length.

State Labor Legislation Enacted in 1973

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levy, David A.

1974-01-01

The primary areas considered by State legislatures in 1973 included higher minimum wage rates and broader coverage of minimum wage laws, improved occupational safety, collective bargaining procedures for public employees, elimination of discrimination in employment, and updating of child labor standards. (Author)

Preterm Labor

MedlinePlus

Preterm labor is labor that starts before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. It can lead to premature birth. Premature babies may face serious health risks. Symptoms of preterm labor include Contractions every 10 minutes or more often ...

29 CFR 801.65 - Appearances; representation of the Department of Labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Appearances; representation of the Department of Labor. 801.65 Section 801.65 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS APPLICATION OF THE EMPLOYEE POLYGRAPH PROTECTION ACT OF 1988 Administrative...

5 CFR 9701.517 - Unfair labor practices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9701.517 Administrative Personnel DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY-OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT) DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Labor-Management Relations § 9701.517 Unfair labor practices. (a) For the...

Improving Education Together: A Guide to Labor-Management­-Community Collaboration

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marietta, Geoff; d'Entremont, Chad; Murphy Kaur, Emily

2017-01-01

"Improving Education Together" offers a step-by-step guide to Labor-Management-Community (LMC) collaboration, an intervention that has successfully improved student outcomes in a wide variety of school districts across the country. The authors illustrate how a culture of collaboration between labor, management, and community stakeholders…

The impact of epidemics on labor market: identifying victims of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in the Korean labor market.

PubMed

Lee, Ayoung; Cho, Joonmo

2016-12-01

The vulnerability approach suggests that disasters such as epidemics have different effects according not only to physical vulnerability but also to economic class (status). This paper examines the effect of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome epidemic on the labor market to investigate whether vulnerable groups become more vulnerable due to an interaction between the socio-economic structure and physical risk. This paper examines the effect of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome epidemic on the labor market by considering unemployment status, job status, working hours, reason for unemployment and underemployment status. In particular, the study investigates whether the U-shaped curve becomes a J-shaped curve due to the interaction between medical vulnerability and labor market vulnerability after an outbreak, assuming that the relative vulnerability in the labor market by age shows a U curve with peaks for the young group and middle aged and old aged groups using the Economically Active Population Survey. We use the difference in difference approach and also conduct a falsification check and robustness check. The results suggest that older workers faced a higher possibility of unemployment after the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak. In particular, they experienced higher involuntary unemployment and underemployment status as well as decreased working hours. It was confirmed that the relative vulnerability of the labor market for older workers was higher than for the other age groups after the epidemic outbreak due to the double whammy of vulnerability in the medical and labor market. The vulnerability in the young group partially increased compared to the 30s and 40s age groups due to their relative vulnerability in the labor market despite being healthy. We find that assuming the relative vulnerability in the existing labor market shows a U shape with age increase, the U-shaped curve became J-shaped after the outbreak. Disasters like epidemics can

29 CFR 500.231 - Appearances; representation of the Department of Labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Procedures Before Administrative Law Judge § 500.231 Appearances; representation of the Department of Labor... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Appearances; representation of the Department of Labor. 500.231 Section 500.231 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT...

Why Should We Care about Child Labor? The Education, Labor Market, and Health Consequences of Child Labor

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beegle, Kathleen; Dehejia, Rajeev; Gatti, Roberta

2009-01-01

Despite the extensive literature on the determinants of child labor, the evidence on the consequences of child labor on outcomes such as education, labor, and health is limited. We evaluate the causal effect of child labor participation among children in school on these outcomes using panel data from Vietnam and an instrumental variables strategy.…

Gender differences in socioeconomic returns to family migration in Malaysia: the role of family decision making versus labor market stratification.

PubMed

Chattopadhyay, A

2000-01-01

In this article the author examines gender differences in the effect of family migration on socioeconomic attainment in Malaysia. The analysis discerns the relative importance of gender roles in household migration decisions, compared to gender stratification in the labor market. The Malaysian economy has undergone rapid industrialization and great structural changes which have opened up new economic opportunities, particularly for women. Despite the somewhat advantaged position of women compared to men in the Malaysian labor market, the author finds that men experience much greater socioeconomic gains than women from family migration. Hence indicating that family migration decisions in Malaysia, rather than optimizing family gains, compensate for the gender effect in the labor market. However, the gains of Malaysian men are more assured when they move alone. Data for the study come from the second round of the Malaysian Family Life Survey.

29 CFR 458.2 - Bill of rights of members of labor organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Bill of rights of members of labor organizations. 458.2 Section 458.2 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OF... § 458.2 Bill of rights of members of labor organizations. (a)(1) Equal rights. Every member of a labor...

29 CFR 458.2 - Bill of rights of members of labor organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Bill of rights of members of labor organizations. 458.2 Section 458.2 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OF... § 458.2 Bill of rights of members of labor organizations. (a)(1) Equal rights. Every member of a labor...

Community Colleges and Labor Market Conditions: How Does Enrollment Demand Change Relative to Local Unemployment Rates?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hillman, Nicholas W.; Orians, Erica Lee

2013-01-01

This study uses fixed-effects panel data techniques to estimate the elasticity of community college enrollment demand relative to local unemployment rates. The findings suggest that community college enrollment demand is counter-cyclical to changes in the labor market, as enrollments rise during periods of weak economic conditions. Using national…

The labor force and urbanization in the Middle East: analysis and policy.

PubMed

Bean, L L

1983-01-01

"The purpose of this paper is to describe and comment on the labor force movements in the Middle East with particular reference to the implications of these flows for the process of urbanization in the region. [The author deals] with both international transfers of labor and internal movements of labor to urban communities." The international flow of labor in the Middle East in general is first examined, and a classification scheme is outlined to identify the major differences that exist within the region. Internal labor force migration is then analyzed using data for Libya. The final sections of the paper deal with data collection and policy issues. excerpt

Education, Labor Markets, and the Retreat from Marriage

PubMed Central

Harknett, Kristen; Kuperberg, Arielle

2012-01-01

Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing study and Current Population Surveys, we find that labor market conditions play a large role in explaining the positive relationship between educational attainment and marriage. Our results suggest that if low-educated parents faced the same (stronger) labor market conditions as their more-educated counterparts, then differences in marriage by education would narrow considerably. Better labor markets are positively related to marriage for fathers at all educational levels. In contrast, better labor markets are positively related to marriage for less-educated mothers but not their more-educated counterparts. We discuss the implications of our findings for theories about women’s earning power and marriage, the current economic recession, and future studies of differences in family structure across education groups. PMID:23152645

Effect of medication reconciliation on medication costs after hospital discharge in relation to hospital pharmacy labor costs.

PubMed

Karapinar-Çarkit, Fatma; Borgsteede, Sander D; Zoer, Jan; Egberts, Toine C G; van den Bemt, Patricia M L A; van Tulder, Maurits

2012-03-01

Medication reconciliation aims to correct discrepancies in medication use between health care settings and to check the quality of pharmacotherapy to improve effectiveness and safety. In addition, medication reconciliation might also reduce costs. To evaluate the effect of medication reconciliation on medication costs after hospital discharge in relation to hospital pharmacy labor costs. A prospective observational study was performed. Patients discharged from the pulmonology department were included. A pharmacy team assessed medication errors prevented by medication reconciliation. Interventions were classified into 3 categories: correcting hospital formulary-induced medication changes (eg, reinstating less costly generic drugs used before admission), optimizing pharmacotherapy (eg, discontinuing unnecessary laxative), and eliminating discrepancies (eg, restarting omitted preadmission medication). Because eliminating discrepancies does not represent real costs to society (before hospitalization, the patient was also using the medication), these medication costs were not included in the cost calculation. Medication costs at 1 month and 6 months after hospital discharge and the associated labor costs were assessed using descriptive statistics and scenario analyses. For the 6-month extrapolation, only medication intended for chronic use was included. Two hundred sixty-two patients were included. Correcting hospital formulary changes saved €1.63/patient (exchange rate: EUR 1 = USD 1.3443) in medication costs at 1 month after discharge and €9.79 at 6 months. Optimizing pharmacotherapy saved €20.13/patient in medication costs at 1 month and €86.86 at 6 months. The associated labor costs for performing medication reconciliation were €41.04/patient. Medication cost savings from correcting hospital formulary-induced changes and optimizing of pharmacotherapy (€96.65/patient) outweighed the labor costs at 6 months extrapolation by €55.62/patient (sensitivity

[Immigrants and the labor market: a new age of immigration?].

PubMed

Dechaux, J

1991-04-01

Trends in migration to France since the 1974 legislation restricting immigration are described. The author notes that the growing integration of pre-1974 immigrants into the labor force and society is accompanied by a growth in illegal immigration. He concludes that the present situation concerning immigrant labor remains fluid, and that the characteristics of immigrants are extremely diverse. (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Do Workplace Flexibility Policies Influence Time Spent in Domestic Labor?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noonan, Mary C.; Estes, Sarah Beth; Glass, Jennifer L.

2007-01-01

Using data from a U.S. midwestern sample of mothers and fathers, the authors examine whether using workplace flexibility policies alters time spent in housework and child care. They hypothesize that an individual's policy use will lead to more time in domestic labor and that his or her spouse's policy use will lead to less time in domestic labor.…

The Division of Labor, Technology, and Education: Cross-National Evidence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grandjean, Burke D.

1974-01-01

The author provides data on 29 countries to test the hypothesis of Durkheim, Marx, and Adam Smith that the division of labor and technological development lead to expanded education. The results support the above thesis. (Author/DE)

5 CFR 9701.514 - Determination of appropriate units for labor organization representation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... subpart relating to labor-management relations may not be represented by a labor organization— (1) Which... labor organization representation. 9701.514 Section 9701.514 Administrative Personnel DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY-OFFICE OF PERSONNEL...

5 CFR 9701.514 - Determination of appropriate units for labor organization representation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... subpart relating to labor-management relations may not be represented by a labor organization— (1) Which... labor organization representation. 9701.514 Section 9701.514 Administrative Personnel DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY-OFFICE OF PERSONNEL...

Labor law violations in Japanese public hospitals from March 2002 to March 2011.

PubMed

Ehara, Akira

2013-02-01

According to the Japan Pediatric Society, the mean extra work hours of hospital pediatricians in 2010 was approximately 80 h per month, which is the certification criterion for Karoshi (death from overwork), but there is no precise picture of personnel management at hospitals because the labor authorities do not disclose detailed statistics concerning labor law violations to the public. Most local governments have a disclosure system, and the local governments that operate public hospitals were requested to disclose warning documents issued by the labor authorities from March 2002 to March 2011. A total of 208/369 public hospitals (56.4%) with ≥200 beds in Japan were warned of labor law violations. Offenses included exceeding the limit of working hours (177 hospitals) and non-payment of increased wages for night and holiday work (98 hospitals). Many public hospitals in Japan did not always pay workers including physicians for increased workload because they do not regard night and holiday duties as work hours. © 2012 The Author. Pediatrics International © 2012 Japan Pediatric Society.

77 FR 44059 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Payments Under Time-and-Materials and Labor-Hour Contracts

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-26

...) Payments of this clause, but the ``hourly rate'' for labor hours expended in furnishing work not delivered...] RIN 9000-AM01 Federal Acquisition Regulation; Payments Under Time-and-Materials and Labor-Hour... the authorization to use time-and-materials and labor-hour contract payment requirements. DATES...

75 FR 80410 - Proposed Rules Governing Notification of Employee Rights Under the National Labor Relations Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-22

... employers, subject to the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) to post notices informing their employees of... , hand delivered, or mailed will be accepted; ex parte communications received by the Board will be made... (8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST) at the above address. The Board will post all comments received on http...

Identifying psychosocial stressors of well-being and factors related to substance use among Latino day laborers.

PubMed

Nalini Junko Negi

2011-08-01

Day labor is largely comprised of young Latino immigrant men, many of who are undocumented, and thus vulnerable to a myriad of workers' rights abuses. The difficult work and life conditions of this marginalized population may place them at heightened risk for mental health problems and substance use and abuse. However, factors related to Latino day laborers' well-being and substance misuse are largely unknown. This article utilizes ethnographic and focus group methodology to elucidate participant identified factors associated to well-being and substance use and abuse. This study has implications for informing public health and social service programming as it provides thick description regarding the context and circumstances associated to increased vulnerability to substance abuse and lack of well-being among this hard-to-reach population of Latino immigrants.

Quantitative comparison of entropy analysis of fetal heart rate variability related to the different stages of labor.

PubMed

Lim, Jongil; Kwon, Ji Young; Song, Juhee; Choi, Hosoon; Shin, Jong Chul; Park, In Yang

2014-02-01

The interpretation of the fetal heart rate (FHR) signal considering labor progression may improve perinatal morbidity and mortality. However, there have been few studies that evaluate the fetus in each labor stage quantitatively. To evaluate whether the entropy indices of FHR are different according to labor progression. A retrospective comparative study of FHR recordings in three groups: 280 recordings in the second stage of labor before vaginal delivery, 31 recordings in the first stage of labor before emergency cesarean delivery, and 23 recordings in the pre-labor before elective cesarean delivery. The stored FHR recordings of external cardiotocography during labor. Approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn) for the final 2000 RR intervals. The median ApEn and SampEn for the 2000 RR intervals showed the lowest values in the second stage of labor, followed by the emergency cesarean group and the elective cesarean group for all time segments (all P<0.001). Also, in the second stage of labor, the final 5 min of 2000 RR intervals had a significantly lower median ApEn (0.49 vs. 0.44, P=0.001) and lower median SampEn (0.34 vs. 0.29, P<0.001) than the initial 5 min of 2000 RR intervals. Entropy indices of FHR were significantly different according to labor progression. This result supports the necessity of considering labor progression when developing intrapartum fetal monitoring using the entropy indices of FHR. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

"Dynamic Labor Shortage" In the Offing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olson, Lawrence

1982-01-01

The United States is on the verge of a labor shortage that is partly the result of declining birth rates. An increase in work force participation by older adults, encouraged by reversals of early retirement and other policy changes, would be advantageous to employers, workers, and the economy. (Author/SK)

48 CFR 2936.602-4 - Selection Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Selection Authority. 2936.602-4 Section 2936.602-4 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF LABOR GENERAL... Selection Authority. The HCA is authorized to serve as the designated Selection Authority in accordance with...

Labor Force

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Occupational Outlook Quarterly, 2010

2010-01-01

The labor force is the number of people aged 16 or older who are either working or looking for work. It does not include active-duty military personnel or institutionalized people, such as prison inmates. Quantifying this total supply of labor is a way of determining how big the economy can get. Labor force participation rates vary significantly…

[Productive restructuring and its impact on labor relations in the public health services in Brazil].

PubMed

Martins, Maria Inês Carsalade; Molinaro, Alex

2013-06-01

The restructuring of productive systems and economic globalization are directly impacting the basic social rights of workers. In the semi-peripheral countries such as Brazil, where the wage-based society and the consolidation of social rights are not completely implemented, this process of change in the world of labor contributes to aggravate the inequality in the capital-labor relationship and hampers access to employment. By means of a critical review of the scientific literature regarding changes in the world of labor and its impact on the organization and production of health services in Brazil, this article pinpoints the weakness of regulation of the labor market in Brazil, especially in the health sector. It also stresses the need to increase the debate on new forms of institutionalization of the labor relationship in order to ensure equity in the workplace and protect the rights to work and in the workplace.

A randomized trial of the effects of antibiotic prophylaxis on epidural-related fever in labor.

PubMed

Sharma, Shiv K; Rogers, Beverly B; Alexander, James M; McIntire, Donald D; Leveno, Kenneth J

2014-03-01

It has been suggested that the development of maternal fever during epidural analgesia could be due to intrapartum infection. We investigated whether antibiotic prophylaxis before epidural placement decreases the rate of epidural-related fever. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 400 healthy nulliparous women requesting epidural analgesia were randomly assigned to receive either cefoxitin 2 g or placebo immediately preceding initiation of epidural labor analgesia. Maternal tympanic temperature was measured hourly, and intrapartum fever was defined as a maternal temperature of ≥38°C. Neonates born to women with fever were evaluated for possible sepsis, and available placentas were evaluated for the presence of neutrophilic inflammation. The primary outcome was maternal fever during epidural analgesia. Thirty-eight percent of women in the cefoxitin group and 40% of women in the placebo group developed fever (P = 0.68). The risk difference (95% confidence interval) for fever ≥38°C during labor (antibiotic versus placebo) was -2.0% (-11.5 to 7.5), and for fever >39°C during labor was -1.5% (-4.7 to 1.7). Approximately half of each study group had placental neutrophilic inflammation, but administration of cefoxitin had no significant effect on any grade of neutrophilic inflammation. Fever developed significantly more often in the women with placental neutrophilic inflammation compared with those without such inflammation (73/158 vs 33/144, P < 0.001; risk difference 23% [95% confidence interval, 13.0-34.0]). There were no significant differences in any neonatal outcomes between the antibiotic and placebo study groups. Sepsis was not diagnosed in any of the infants. There were no neonatal deaths. Fever during labor epidural analgesia is associated with placental inflammation, but fever and placental inflammation were not reduced with antibiotic prophylaxis. This finding suggests that infection is unlikely to be the cause in its development.

Labor Costs in DoD Contracts.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-08-01

Labor Costs in 000 Contracts HQ DA, ATTN: DACA -BUZ-X (Mr. Walker) HQ DA, ATTN: DACA -OM1Z-B (Mr. Olson) HQ DA, ATTN: DACS-DPZ-B (Dr. Bellaschi) Defense...counterparts and if so, recommend corrective action . C. APPROACH. In addition to reviewing current methods used to monitor and control labor costs, a...Compensation Related Actions .................................... 27 6. Compensation Data Information Flow .................................. 32 V

31 CFR 585.513 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 585.513 Section 585.513 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... Transactions related to telecommunications authorized. (a) All transactions of U.S. common carriers with respect to the receipt and transmission of telecommunications involving the FRY (S&M) are authorized...

31 CFR 586.510 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 586.510 Section 586.510 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... Licensing Policy § 586.510 Transactions related to telecommunications authorized. All transactions with respect to the receipt and transmission of telecommunications involving the FRY (S&M) are authorized. This...

[Demography and labor shortage. Future challenges of labor market policy].

PubMed

Fuchs, J

2013-03-01

For demographic reasons, the German labor force will decrease dramatically and it will be much older on average. However, labor demand, especially for qualified workers, is expected to remain high. This paper focuses on the possibilities of expanding the labor force by increasing the participation rates of women and older persons. Herein, the change in the labor force is decomposed with respect to population and labor participation and, moreover, the effects of higher participation rates are simulated. The decomposition and simulation scenarios are based on data published by the Institute for Employment Research. The analysis clearly reveals that the effect of a considerably higher labor participation of women and older workers will disappear over time when the working-age population shrinks more and more. In addition, individuals who are currently unemployed or out of the labor force are not skilled enough. Since it seems difficult to get more qualified workers in the short and even in the medium term, improving the conditions for women and older people to take up jobs should be tackled soon. This includes investments in education and health care.

Labor Force

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Occupational Outlook Quarterly, 2012

2012-01-01

The labor force is the number of people ages 16 or older who are either working or looking for work. It does not include active-duty military personnel or the institutionalized population, such as prison inmates. Determining the size of the labor force is a way of determining how big the economy can get. The size of the labor force depends on two…

22 CFR 126.9 - Advisory opinions and related authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Advisory opinions and related authorizations. 126.9 Section 126.9 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE INTERNATIONAL TRAFFIC IN ARMS REGULATIONS GENERAL POLICIES AND PROVISIONS § 126.9 Advisory opinions and related authorizations. (a) Advisory opinion...

Drug Use, the Labor Market and Class Conflict. Special Studies 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Helmer, John; Vietorisz, Thomas

To date there has been little study of the responsiveness of narcotics use to changes in the labor market, either in the aggregate or in the motivations of individual users. It is the authors' hypothesis that narcotics use is one of several interrelated social responses to labor market failure. What exactly has constituted this "failure" has…

29 CFR 458.2 - Bill of rights of members of labor organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... or Federal law or before any court or other tribunal, or under the constitution and bylaws of any... organization's constitution and bylaws. (2) Freedom of speech and assembly. Every member of any labor... governing body of such labor organization, pursuant to express authority contained in the constitution and...

Migraine headache and labor market outcomes.

PubMed

Rees, Daniel I; Sabia, Joseph J

2015-06-01

While migraine headache can be physically debilitating, no study has attempted to estimate its effects on labor market outcomes. Using data drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we estimate the effect of being diagnosed with migraine headache on labor force participation, hours worked, and wages. Ordinary least squares (OLS) estimates suggest that migraines are associated with reduced labor force participation and lower wages among females. A negative association between migraine headache and the wages of female respondents is also obtained using an instrumental variables (IV) approach, although the IV estimates are imprecise relative to the OLS estimates. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Training for a Transformed Labor Market.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olson, Lawrence

1983-01-01

The author argues that the American labor market is in the midst of historic transition that will challenge human resource development professionals. Sweeping demographic changes will soon combine with a "Second Industrial Revolution" in technology and a quantum leap in the level and quality of foreign competition to raise sharply the importance…

31 CFR 585.514 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 585.514 Section 585.514 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... authorized. For purposes of this authorization, mail is limited to personal communications not involving a...

Use of an Early Labor Lounge to Promote Admission in Active Labor.

PubMed

Paul, Julie A; Yount, Susan M; Breman, Rachel Blankstein; LeClair, Melissa; Keiran, Diane M; Landry, Nannette; Dever, Kimberly

2017-03-01

Professional maternity care organizations within the United States are aligned in the goal to prevent the first cesarean birth in nulliparous women with a term, singleton, vertex fetus. Currently, one in 3 women are at risk for having a cesarean birth. The most common reason for cesarean in the United States is labor dystocia. The evidence supports delaying admission to the birthing unit until active labor is established, thereby minimizing the inadvertent diagnosis of labor dystocia. Providers are familiar with the rationale supporting delayed admission to the birthing unit until active labor is established; however, there is very little evidence on how to effectively promote this delay. Provider apprehension and the lack of early labor support are challenges to sending women home to await the onset of active labor. Maternal anxiety, fear, pain, and unpreparedness also play a part in this reluctance. To address these obstacles, South Shore Hospital created an early labor lounge with stations aimed at instilling confidence in the birth team, promoting teamwork, facilitating relaxation, and reducing anxiety for laboring women. A literature review focusing on women's perceptions of promoting admission in active labor, maternal anxiety, and nonpharmacologic strategies for managing early labor are discussed within the context of the creation, implementation, and evaluation of an early labor lounge. © 2017 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives.

Foreign workers in Kuwait: implications for the Kuwaiti labor force.

PubMed

Shah, N M

1986-01-01

An analysis of the foreign population in Kuwait shows that foreign nationals make up 60 percent of the population and 78 percent of the labor force in Kuwait. The implications of these figures for the Kuwaiti labor force are discussed by analyzing the occupational structures of Kuwaitis and non-Kuwaitis. "Structural analysis of the labor force indicates that 62 percent of Kuwaiti males are concentrated in administrative and service occupations while their percentage in sales and production work has declined during 1970-80. This demonstrates the need for reorienting educational/training programs and changing Kuwaiti attitudes towards manual work to ensure the realization of the 'Kuwaitization' process, and balance the nationals with foreign nationals." mortality has stabilized at relatively high levels and there is resistance to family planning. The author concludes that the main cause of the stalling of the demographic transition process is to be found in the role of the state and the dynamics of the social structure and that "demographic trends will depend more on the changes in social structure, land reforms, and response of the formal governing system to the needs of the underprivileged sections of the society, rather than on the health and family planning policies." excerpt

14 CFR § 1204.509 - Delegation of authority to take action regarding “liquidated damage” assessments under the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... regarding âliquidated damageâ assessments under the Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act, and... Hours and Safety Standards Act, and associated labor statutes. (a) Delegation of authority. The Director, Industrial Relations Office, is hereby delegated the authority to act for the Administrator in all matters...

A View from UMBC: Using Real-Time Labor-Market Data to Evaluate Professional Program Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steele, Christopher; Goldberger, Susan; Restuccia, Dan

2013-01-01

Continuing and professional education units are faced with the constant need to keep pace with dynamic labor markets when assessing program offerings and content. Real-time labor-market data derived from detailed analysis of online job postings offers a new tool for more easily aligning programs to local labor-market demand. The authors describe a…

To the Educated, the Spoils: The Relation of Education to Labor Market Experiences of Young Adults.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cluck, Rodney E.; Beaulieu, Lionel J.; Barfield, Melissa A.

This paper examines the transition of young adults from school to work over time and the role of education in facilitating the entry of individuals into high quality jobs in the primary labor market. A dual labor market perspective argues that the labor market is structured into primary and secondary sectors ("good" and "bad"…

Rule-violations sensitise towards negative and authority-related stimuli.

PubMed

Wirth, Robert; Foerster, Anna; Rendel, Hannah; Kunde, Wilfried; Pfister, Roland

2018-05-01

Rule violations have usually been studied from a third-person perspective, identifying situational factors that render violations more or less likely. A first-person perspective of the agent that actively violates the rules, on the other hand, is only just beginning to emerge. Here we show that committing a rule violation sensitises towards subsequent negative stimuli as well as subsequent authority-related stimuli. In a Prime-Probe design, we used an instructed rule-violation task as the Prime and a word categorisation task as the Probe. Also, we employed a control condition that used a rule inversion task as the Prime (instead of rule violations). Probe targets were categorised faster after a violation relative to after a rule-based response if they related to either, negative valence or authority. Inversions, however, primed only negative stimuli and did not accelerate the categorisation of authority-related stimuli. A heightened sensitivity towards authority-related targets thus seems to be specific to rule violations. A control experiment showed that these effects cannot be explained in terms of semantic priming. Therefore, we propose that rule violations necessarily activate authority-related representations that make rule violations qualitatively different from simple rule inversions.

Induction of labor in women with a history of fast labor.

PubMed

Kenny, Tiffany H; Fenton, Bradford W; Melrose, Erica L; McCarroll, Michele L; von Gruenigen, Vivian E

2016-01-01

History of fast labor is currently subjectively defined and inductions for non-medical indications are becoming restricted. We hypothesized that women induced for a history of fast labor do not have faster previous labors and do not deliver more quickly. A retrospective case-control cohort design studied multiparas undergoing elective induction at one high risk center. Outcomes of dyads electively induced for a history of previous fast labor indication (PFast) were compared to controls with a psychosocial indication. A total of 612 elective inductions with 1074 previous deliveries were evaluated: 81 (13%) PFast and 531 (87%) control. PFast had faster previous labors (median 5.5 h, IQR: 4.5-6) versus. control (10 h, IQR: 9-10.5; p < 0.001). Subsequent delivery time from start to expulsion was shorter for PFast (median 7 h, IQR: 5-9, p < 0.001) than controls with and without a previous labor <5.5 h (8.6 h, IQR: 6-14 and 9.5 h, IQR: 7-15, respectively). PFast were less likely to have a serious maternal complication. Neonatal complications were similar. Patients induced for a history of fast labor do have faster previous labors, suggesting a significant history of fast labor can be defined as <5.5 h. These women deliver more quickly and with lower morbidity than controls when subsequently induced, therefore the benefit may warrant the risk for a select number of women with a history of a prior labor length <5.5 h.

Sonographic landmarks to differentiate "false labor" and "early true labor" as a possible new application of ultrasound in labor ward.

PubMed

Bouzid, A; Kehila, M; Trabelsi, H; Abouda, H S; Ben Hmid, R; Chanoufi, M B

2017-04-01

To evaluate discrimination of clinical parameters and ultrasound examination to differentiate "false labor" and "true labor". In a prospective study during a period of 6 months, a total of 178 patients in term (37-41 weeks) consulting our obstetric unit for uterine contraction, were enrolled. Patients were examined separately by a midwife and a resident and separated into "true labor group" and "false labor group". The clinical characteristics of true versus false labor patients were compared. ROC curves were developed to determine an optimal cervical length and uterocervical angle for prediction of true labor. The prevalence of real labor was 57.3%. Patients who were in true labor had more painful and more frequent contractions. The "true labor" group had shorter cervical length and larger uterocervical angle. The optimal CL cut-off was 1.4mm with a specificity of 73% (RR 4.3, sensibility 63%, PPV 14%, NPV 95%). The optimal UCA cut off was 123° (RR 6.7, sensitivity 50%, specificity of 83%, PPV 10%, NPV 96%). The best performance was demonstrated by combined testing, yielding LHR+ that rich 13. In this study, we reported a new application of ultrasound to identify false labor and avoid unnecessary hospitalization with obstetric and adverse economic impacts. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Karoshi Related to Labor Intensity and Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Case Report.

PubMed

Liu, Ning-guo; Wang, Tao; Huang, Pingf; Qing, Zhi-qiang; Zhang, Jian-hua; Chen, Yi-jiu

2015-10-01

Karoshi remains one of the most troublesome issues in forensic identification. It is rather a social medicine than a clinical disease. Japanese scholars pioneered examining the relation between sud- den cardiac death (SCD) and chronic fatigue from long time and/or high-tension work. In the current case, a 55-year-old man, whose job was loading and carrying heavy cement bags, was found dead after 11 days of continuous hard work. His family members sued the cement factory for his death and claimed for compensation. The problem was the difficulty of identifying the causative relation without the precedent or the relevant regulations. However, the forensic problems were finally acknowledged after autopsy and calculation of labor intensity. The lawsuit was won as the first case pertaining to Karoshi in the Chinese court.

Conservative Labor Leaders Clean House: The Case of Brookwood Labor College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grabiner, Gene

1979-01-01

Actions taken during the 1928 American Federation of Labor Convention against Brookwood Labor College are examined to demonstrate the depth and extent of anti-radicalism in this period of American labor's struggle for workers' education. (MJB)

How Labor Management Relations and Human Resource Policies Affect the Process of Teacher Assignment in Urban School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Youngs, Peter; Pogodzinski, Ben; Galey, Sarah

2015-01-01

Purpose: This study examined how labor-management relations between school districts and teacher associations seem to affect teacher contract provisions regarding the role of seniority in teacher assignment and how contract provisions and teacher assignment policies seem to affect beginning teachers' perceptions about their work environments.…

29 CFR 401.10 - Labor organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... commerce. 401.10 Section 401.10 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS... organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce. A labor organization shall be deemed to be engaged in an industry affecting commerce if it: (a) Is the certified representative of employees under the...

29 CFR 401.10 - Labor organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... commerce. 401.10 Section 401.10 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS... organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce. A labor organization shall be deemed to be engaged in an industry affecting commerce if it: (a) Is the certified representative of employees under the...

29 CFR 401.10 - Labor organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... commerce. 401.10 Section 401.10 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS... organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce. A labor organization shall be deemed to be engaged in an industry affecting commerce if it: (a) Is the certified representative of employees under the...

29 CFR 401.10 - Labor organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... commerce. 401.10 Section 401.10 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS... organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce. A labor organization shall be deemed to be engaged in an industry affecting commerce if it: (a) Is the certified representative of employees under the...

29 CFR 401.10 - Labor organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... commerce. 401.10 Section 401.10 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS... organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce. A labor organization shall be deemed to be engaged in an industry affecting commerce if it: (a) Is the certified representative of employees under the...

12 CFR 269.10 - Time for internal labor organization business, consultations and negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., consultations and negotiations. 269.10 Section 269.10 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD... § 269.10 Time for internal labor organization business, consultations and negotiations. Solicitation of..., but the President or a duly authorized officer of a Bank may require that negotiations with a labor...

12 CFR 269.10 - Time for internal labor organization business, consultations and negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., consultations and negotiations. 269.10 Section 269.10 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD... § 269.10 Time for internal labor organization business, consultations and negotiations. Solicitation of..., but the President or a duly authorized officer of a Bank may require that negotiations with a labor...

A Classroom Labor Market Game Illustrating the Existence, and Implications of, Statistical Discrimination

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henrickson, Kevin E.

2014-01-01

Many undergraduate students report a lack of concern about facing labor market discrimination throughout their careers. However, there is ample evidence that discrimination based on race, gender, and age still persists within the labor market. The author outlines a classroom experiment demonstrating the existence of discrimination, even when the…

Costs Associated with Anesthesia-Related Adverse Events During Labor and Delivery in New York State, 2010.

PubMed

Hunt, Tristan D; Guglielminotti, Jean; Li, Guohua

2016-06-01

The safety of anesthetic care provided during childbirth has improved during the past 2 decades in the United States, with a marked decrease in the rate of anesthesia-related adverse events (ARAEs). To date, there is little research on the costs of ARAEs in obstetrics. This study aims to assess the excess cost and cost per admission associated with ARAEs during labor and delivery. Data came from the New York State Inpatient Database 2010. Discharge records indicating labor and delivery and ARAEs were identified with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. ARAEs were defined as minor if not associated with maternal death, cardiac arrest, or severe morbidity. Costs were calculated as the product of hospital charges and the group average all-payer inpatient charge-to-cost conversion ratio. Excess cost was calculated as the difference between the mean cost of discharges with and without ARAEs. The cost per admission was calculated as the product of the excess cost and ARAE incidence. Excess costs and cost per admission were also calculated for 2 pregnancy-related complications: postpartum hemorrhage and preeclampsia/eclampsia. There were 228,104 delivery-related discharges in the study; of these, 1053 recorded at least 1 ARAE (4.6 per 1000), with 1034 (98.2%) of the ARAEs being minor. The adjusted excess cost associated with ARAEs was $1189 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1033-1350) and the cost per admission $5.49 (95% CI, 4.77-6.23). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and preeclamspia/eclampsia was 25.1 and 43.8 per 1000, respectively. The adjusted excess cost was $679 (95% CI, 608-748) and $1328 (95% CI, 1272-1378), respectively; the cost per admission was $17.07 (95% CI, 15.27-18.81) and $58.16 (95% CI, 55.72-60.34), respectively. ARAEs during labor and delivery are associated with significant excess cost. However, the excess cost per admission for ARAEs is significantly less compared with the excess cost per

29 CFR 785.26 - Section 3(o) of the Fair Labor Standards Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Section 785.26 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY OR INTERPRETATION NOT DIRECTLY RELATED TO REGULATIONS HOURS WORKED Application... bargaining agreements. This section provides for the exclusion from hours worked of time spent by an employee...

Pregnancy and labor increase the capacity of human myometrial cells to secrete parathyroid hormone-related protein.

PubMed

Shenberger, J S; Dixon, P S; Choate, J; Helal, K; Shew, R L; Barth, W

2001-02-16

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), a oncofetal gene product possessing smooth muscle relaxant properties, has been found in rat and human uterine smooth muscle cells (USMC) where it is postulated to regulate myometrial tone and/or blood flow. Studies investigating the gestational regulation of PTHrP in human USMC have not been performed. This study was conducted to determine if pregnancy alters the capacity of USMC to secrete or respond to PTHrP. USMC cultures were established from 8 hysterectomy specimens (H) and 7 non-laboring (NP) and 5 laboring term pregnant uterine biopsies (LP). PTHrP secretion was measured at baseline and in response to TGF-beta1 using a immunoradiometric assay. The USMC response to PTHrP was assessed by incubating cultures with human (1-34)PTHrP and measuring cellular cAMP by radioimmunoassay. We found that cultures from the groups did not differ with respect to basal PTHrP secretion. TGF-beta1, on the other hand, produced dose-dependent increases in secreted PTHrP in each group such that LP>NP>H at 12 hrs and LP>NP and H 24 hrs. Maximal responses were found at 24 hrs in cells treated with 10 ng/ml TGF-beta1 (LP: 2034+/-366 vs NP: 1485+/-427; H: 1250+/-202 fmol/mg). Incubation of cultures with PTHrP produced dose-dependent increases in cAMP production, with 10(-7) M increasing levels by 64%. Neither pregnancy nor labor significantly affected the cAMP response. These findings indicate that the human myometrium has the capacity to increase PTHrP secretion during pregnancy and labor through a TGF-beta-dependent pathway. Such findings are consistent with a role of PTHrP in enhancing uterine blood flow.

The Effect of Mt. Healthy City School District v. Doyle Upon Public Sector Labor Law: A Union Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roth, Mitchell

1981-01-01

Argues that the test of employer motivation in firings used by the Supreme Court in the case of Mount Healthy City School District Board v. Doyle and by the National Labor Relations Board in its Wright Line decision is inappropriate when an employer's alleged anti-union animus is involved. (Author/RW)

31 CFR 594.508 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 594.508 Section 594.508 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... related to telecommunications authorized. All transactions ordinarily incident to the receipt or transmission of telecommunications involving persons whose property or interests in property are blocked...

31 CFR 594.508 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 594.508 Section 594.508 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... related to telecommunications authorized. All transactions ordinarily incident to the receipt or transmission of telecommunications involving persons whose property or interests in property are blocked...

31 CFR 594.508 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 594.508 Section 594.508 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... related to telecommunications authorized. All transactions ordinarily incident to the receipt or transmission of telecommunications involving persons whose property or interests in property are blocked...

31 CFR 594.508 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 594.508 Section 594.508 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... related to telecommunications authorized. All transactions ordinarily incident to the receipt or transmission of telecommunications involving persons whose property or interests in property are blocked...

31 CFR 545.508 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 545.508 Section 545.508 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... related to telecommunications authorized. All transactions ordinarily incident to the receipt or transmission of telecommunications involving the territory of Afghanistan controlled by the Taliban are...

31 CFR 594.508 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 594.508 Section 594.508 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... related to telecommunications authorized. All transactions ordinarily incident to the receipt or transmission of telecommunications involving persons whose property or interests in property are blocked...

Using Illustrations from American Novels to Teach about Labor Markets

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vachris, Michelle Albert; Bohanon, Cecil E.

2012-01-01

This article illustrates how literature can bring models to life in undergraduate courses on labor market economics. The authors argue that economics instructors and students can benefit from even small doses of literature. The authors examine excerpts from five American novels: "Sister Carrie" by Theodore Drieser (1900/2005); "The Grapes of…

29 CFR 1903.3 - Authority for inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... conducted by Department of Labor Compliance Safety and Health Officers and representatives of the Secretary... agency of the United States Government in the interest of national security, Compliance Safety and Health...

29 CFR 1903.3 - Authority for inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... conducted by Department of Labor Compliance Safety and Health Officers and representatives of the Secretary... agency of the United States Government in the interest of national security, Compliance Safety and Health...

29 CFR 1903.3 - Authority for inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... conducted by Department of Labor Compliance Safety and Health Officers and representatives of the Secretary... agency of the United States Government in the interest of national security, Compliance Safety and Health...

29 CFR 1903.3 - Authority for inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... conducted by Department of Labor Compliance Safety and Health Officers and representatives of the Secretary... agency of the United States Government in the interest of national security, Compliance Safety and Health...

29 CFR 1903.3 - Authority for inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... conducted by Department of Labor Compliance Safety and Health Officers and representatives of the Secretary... agency of the United States Government in the interest of national security, Compliance Safety and Health...

Hypnotherapy for labor and birth.

PubMed

Beebe, Kathleen R

2014-01-01

Hypnotherapy is an integrative mind-body technique with therapeutic potential in various health care applications, including labor and birth. Evaluating the efficacy of this modality in controlled studies can be difficult, because of methodologic challenges, such as obtaining adequate sample sizes and standardizing experimental conditions. Women using hypnosis techniques for childbirth in hospital settings may face barriers related to caregiver resistance or institutional policies. The potential anxiolytic and analgesic effects of clinical hypnosis for childbirth merit further study. Nurses caring for women during labor and birth can increase their knowledge and skills with strategies for supporting hypnotherapeutic techniques. © 2014 AWHONN.

Immigration, labor shortages, & U.S. construction markets

Treesearch

Al Schuler

2006-01-01

As discussed in last month's column, according to Dr. Ira Wolfe, author of The Perfect Storm Fact Book, we are witnessing the beginning of a "perfect labor storm."" Globalization and demographic trends are colliding, and the result is a growing shortage of workers who possess the right skills to do the available jobs.

Who Has the Time? The Relationship between Household Labor Time and Sexual Frequency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gager, Constance T.; Yabiku, Scott T.

2010-01-01

Motivated by the trend of women spending more time in paid labor and the general speedup of everyday life, the authors explore whether the resulting time crunch affects sexual frequency among married couples. Although prior research has examined the associations between relationship quality and household labor time, few have examined a dimension…

31 CFR 545.509 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 545.509 Section 545.509 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... controlled by the Taliban are authorized, provided that mail is limited to personal communications not...

Joint Labor-Management Decision Making: Choices, Outcomes, and Problems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooke, William N.

1991-01-01

Reviews the literature and analyses of the joint problem-solving strategies that have emerged during the 1980s and are used by management and labor to improve company performance, employee welfare, and labor-management relations. Includes a 58-item bibliography and 32 additional references. (JOW)

31 CFR 594.509 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 594.509 Section 594.509 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... property are blocked pursuant to § 594.201(a) are authorized, provided the mail is limited to personal...

31 CFR 594.509 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 594.509 Section 594.509 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... property are blocked pursuant to § 594.201(a) are authorized, provided the mail is limited to personal...

31 CFR 594.509 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 594.509 Section 594.509 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... property are blocked pursuant to § 594.201(a) are authorized, provided the mail is limited to personal...

31 CFR 594.509 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 594.509 Section 594.509 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... property are blocked pursuant to § 594.201(a) are authorized, provided the mail is limited to personal...

31 CFR 586.511 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 586.511 Section 586.511 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... United States and the FRY (S&M) are authorized, provided that mail is limited to personal communications...

29 CFR 402.7 - Effect of acknowledgment and filing by the Office of Labor-Management Standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...-Management Standards. 402.7 Section 402.7 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS LABOR ORGANIZATION INFORMATION REPORTS § 402.7 Effect of acknowledgment and filing by the Office of Labor-Management Standards. Acknowledgment by the...

29 CFR 402.7 - Effect of acknowledgment and filing by the Office of Labor-Management Standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...-Management Standards. 402.7 Section 402.7 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS LABOR ORGANIZATION INFORMATION REPORTS § 402.7 Effect of acknowledgment and filing by the Office of Labor-Management Standards. Acknowledgment by the...

Seeing and Playing as Labor: Toward a Visual Materialist Pedagogy of Video Games through Walter Benjamin

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bulut, Ergin

2013-01-01

In this article, the author draws specifically on the work of Walter Benjamin and engages with the world of video games by focusing on the constitution of labor as it unfolds in modding practices, as well as approaching the very act of seeing labor in a highly visual culture where value is extracted not just through the labor process but also…

New Labor Force Projections to 1990. Special Labor Force Report 197.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fullerton, Howard N., Jr.; Flaim, Paul O.

Prepared as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics' periodic reassessment of its projections of the future growth trends of the various sectors of the American economy, new labor force projections to 1990 are presented based on trends in labor force participation as observed through 1975 and on the most recent population projections of the U.S.…

Preterm Induction of Labor: Predictors of Vaginal Delivery and Labor Curves

PubMed Central

Feghali, Maisa; Timofeev, Julia; Huang, Chun-Chih; Driggers, Rita; Miodovnik, Menachem; Landy, Helain J.; Umans, Jason G.

2014-01-01

Objective To evaluate the labor curves of patients undergoing preterm induction of labor (IOL) and assess possible predictors of vaginal delivery (VD). Study Design Data from the NICHD Consortium on Safe Labor were analyzed. A total of 6,555 women undergoing medically-indicated IOL before 37 weeks gestational age (GA) were included in this analysis. Patients were divided into four groups based on gestational age: A: 24-27+6, B: 28-30+6, C: 31-33+6, and D: 34-36+6 weeks. Pregnant women with a contraindication to VD, IOL at or after 37 weeks and those without data from cervical exam on admission were excluded. ANOVA was used to assess differences between GA groups. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess predictors of VD. A repeated measures analysis was used to determine average labor curves. Results Rates of vaginal live births increased with GA, from 35% (Group A) to 76% (Group D). Parous women [odds ratio (OR)=6.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.38-7.21] and those with a favorable cervix at the start of IOL (OR=2.35, 95% CI 2.23-2.48) were more likely to deliver vaginally. Analysis of labor curves in nulliparous women showed shorter duration of labor with increasing GA; the active phase of labor was, however, similar across all GA. Conclusion The majority of women undergoing medically-indicated preterm IOL between 24 and 36+6 weeks’ GA deliver vaginally. The strongest predictor of VD was parity. Preterm IOL had a limited influence on estimated labor curves across gestational age. PMID:25068566

Labor support: an overlooked maternal health need in Enugu, south-eastern Nigeria.

PubMed

Dim, Cyril C; Ikeme, Arthur C; Ezegwui, Hyginus U; Nwagha, Uchenna I

2011-03-01

The current call for continuous support by women for women during labor takes for granted that women prefer to be supported by other women rather than their husbands. This study aimed at identifying the experiences and preferences of parturients as regards support in labor. Questionnaires were administered to 395 parturients at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, south-eastern Nigeria from January to August 2006. Data analysis was both descriptive and inferential at 95% confidence level. None of the respondents' husband, relations or friends was allowed into the labor room. Ninety-five (24.1%) parturients did not wish to be supported in labor by their husbands. Sixty-five (68.4%) of this group preferred to be supported in labor by medical/midwifery staff only, while the remaining 30 (31.6%) would have preferred a relation. Three hundred (75.9%) parturients, if permitted, would have preferred labor support by their husbands. The preference for labor support by husband was significantly associated with maternal educational status (p=0.003), parity groups (p=0.022), and age category (p=0.037). Labor support by a non-medical employee of health institutions is not practiced in Enugu, south-eastern Nigeria. Most women would prefer to be supported by their husbands during labor. There is a strong desire by mothers for a policy change as regards labor support by family and friends.

75 FR 7295 - National Council on Federal Labor-Management Relations Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-18

... Executive Order 13522, entitled, ``Creating Labor- Management Forums to Improve Delivery of Government... will make recommendations to the President on innovative ways to improve delivery of services and... co-chaired by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management and the Deputy Director for...

78 FR 40202 - National Council on Federal Labor-Management Relations Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-03

... Executive Order 13522, entitled, ``Creating Labor-Management Forums to Improve Delivery of Government... makes recommendations to the President on innovative ways to improve delivery of services and products to the public while cutting costs and advancing employee interests. The Council is co- chaired by the...

The Temporary Help Industry: A Response to the Dual Internal Labor Market.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mangum, Garth; And Others

1985-01-01

This study of the rapidly growing temporary help industry draws on Commerce Department data and the results of the authors' national mail survey of employers. The authors also conducted interviews in the San Francisco area with employers of temporary help and with representatives of temporary help agencies and labor unions. (Author/CT)

The Interrelationship between Study of the Fundamentals of Science and the Labor Education of Rural Schoolchildren

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nikolaev, M. A.

1975-01-01

In the rural school the tasks of polytechnical labor education are determined by the objective demands of scientific and technical progress in agricultural production, by its content, and by the nature of the labor of leading workers. (Author)

29 CFR 570.25 - Effect on laws other than the Federal child labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Effect on laws other than the Federal child labor standards. 570.25 Section 570.25 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION... of Age Provisions of Other Laws § 570.25 Effect on laws other than the Federal child labor standards...

Females in Vocational Education: Reflections of the Labor Market.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lakes, Richard; Pritchard, Alice M.

1991-01-01

The fact that gender desegregation of vocational programs has not yet been achieved might be related to labor force occupational segregation by gender. Social theorists view schooling inequities as mirrors of social structure, whereby schools track students to maintain social stratification. Mirroring the labor market, education has segregated…

24 CFR 585.312 - Wages, labor standards, and nondiscrimination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Wages, labor standards, and nondiscrimination. 585.312 Section 585.312 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban... § 585.312 Wages, labor standards, and nondiscrimination. Applicable provisions are stated in section 456...

20 CFR 655.00 - Authority of the Office of Foreign Labor Certification (OFLC) Administrator under subparts A, B...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT OF FOREIGN WORKERS IN THE... Certification (OFLC) Administrator (OFLC Administrator) of the Employment and Training Administration. The OFLC...

Shadow Labor: Work and Wages among Immigrant Hispanic Women in Durham, North Carolina.

PubMed

Flippen, Chenoa A

2016-07-01

Drawing on data collected in Durham, NC, this paper examines the forces shaping the labor supply and wages of immigrant Hispanic women in new destinations. The analysis evaluates the role of human capital and immigration characteristics (including legal status), family structure, and immigrant-specific labor market conditions, such as subcontracting, in shaping labor market outcomes. Findings indicate that the main determinants of labor supply among immigrant Hispanic women in Durham relate to family structure, with human capital playing a relatively minor role. Important variation is observed, however, in the degree of work-family conflict across occupations. For wages, human capital and immigration characteristics (including documentation) are more determinant than family structure. Results highlight the extremely precarious position of immigrant Hispanic women in Durham's low wage labor market, and multiple, overlapping sources of disadvantage, particularly relating to legal status and family structure.

78 FR 16715 - National Council on Federal Labor-Management Relations Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-18

... 13522, entitled, ``Creating Labor-Management Forums to Improve Delivery of Government Services,'' which... recommendations to the President on innovative ways to improve delivery of services and products to the public while cutting costs and advancing employee interests. The Council is co- chaired by the Director of the...

Children's emotional and behavioral problems and their mothers' labor supply.

PubMed

Richard, Patrick; Gaskin, Darrell J; Alexandre, Pierre K; Burke, Laura S; Younis, Mustafa

2014-01-01

It has been documented that about 20% of children and adolescents suffer from a diagnosable mental or addictive disorder in the United States. The high prevalence of children's emotional and behavioral problems (EBP) might have a negative effect on their mothers' labor market outcomes because children with EBP require additional time for treatment. However, these children may require additional financial resources, which might promote mothers' labor supply. Previous studies have only considered chronic conditions in analyzing the impact of children's health on parental work activities. Moreover, most of these studies have not accounted for endogeneity in children's health. This article estimates the effects of children's EBP on their mothers' labor supply by family structure while accounting for endogeneity in children's health. We used the 1997 and 2002 Child Development Supplements (CDS) to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). We used probit and bivariate probit models to estimate mothers' probability of employment, and tobit and instrumental variable tobit models to estimate the effects of children's EBP on their mothers' work hours. Findings show negative effects of children's EBP on their married mothers' employment and on their single mothers' work hours. © The Author(s) 2014.

Evidence of perturbations of the cytokine network in preterm labor.

PubMed

Romero, Roberto; Grivel, Jean-Charles; Tarca, Adi L; Chaemsaithong, Piya; Xu, Zhonghui; Fitzgerald, Wendy; Hassan, Sonia S; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Margolis, Leonid

2015-12-01

Intraamniotic inflammation/infection is the only mechanism of disease with persuasive evidence of causality for spontaneous preterm labor/delivery. Previous studies about the behavior of cytokines in preterm labor have been largely based on the analysis of the behavior of each protein independently. Emerging evidence indicates that the study of biologic networks can provide insight into the pathobiology of disease and improve biomarker discovery. The goal of this study was to characterize the inflammatory-related protein network in the amniotic fluid of patients with preterm labor. A retrospective cohort study was conducted that included women with singleton pregnancies who had spontaneous preterm labor and intact membranes (n = 135). These patients were classified according to the results of amniotic fluid culture, broad-range polymerase chain reaction coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and amniotic fluid concentration of interleukin (IL)-6 into the following groups: (1) those without intraamniotic inflammation (n = 85), (2) those with microbial-associated intraamniotic inflammation (n = 15), and (3) those with intraamniotic inflammation without detectable bacteria (n = 35). Amniotic fluid concentrations of 33 inflammatory-related proteins were determined with the use of a multiplex bead array assay. Patients with preterm labor and intact membranes who had microbial-associated intraamniotic inflammation had a higher amniotic fluid inflammatory-related protein concentration correlation than those without intraamniotic inflammation (113 perturbed correlations). IL-1β, IL-6, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, and IL-1α were the most connected nodes (highest degree) in this differential correlation network (degrees of 20, 16, 12, and 12, respectively). Patients with sterile intraamniotic inflammation had correlation patterns of inflammatory-related proteins, both increased and decreased, when compared to those without intraamniotic

Primary and Secondary Labor Markets: Implications for Vocational Rehabilitation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hagner, David

2000-01-01

Reviews theoretical and empirical work in labor economics and the sociology of work relating to the segmentation of the labor market into a primary and a secondary sector and examines the implications for vocational rehabilitation. Transition into primary sector employment is explored as an important aspect of career development for individuals…

29 CFR 501.39 - Service upon attorneys for the Department of Labor-number of copies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Service upon attorneys for the Department of Labor-number of copies. 501.39 Section 501.39 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATIONS ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS FOR TEMPORARY ALIEN...

29 CFR 502.39 - Service upon attorneys for the Department of Labor-number of copies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Service upon attorneys for the Department of Labor-number of copies. 502.39 Section 502.39 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATIONS ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS FOR TEMPORARY ALIEN...

Active management of labor

PubMed Central

Rogers, Rebecca G; Gardner, Michael O; Tool, Kevin J; Ainsley, Jeanne; Gilson, George

2000-01-01

Objective To compare the costs of a protocol of active management of labor with those of traditional labor management. Design Cost analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Methods From August 1992 to April 1996, we randomly allocated 405 women whose infants were delivered at the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, to an active management of labor protocol that had substantially reduced the duration of labor or a control protocol. We calculated the average cost for each delivery, using both actual costs and charges. Results The average cost for women assigned to the active management protocol was $2,480.79 compared with an average cost of $2,528.61 for women in the control group (P = 0.55). For women whose infant was delivered by cesarean section, the average cost was $4,771.54 for active management of labor and $4,468.89 for the control protocol (P = 0.16). Spontaneous vaginal deliveries cost an average of $27.00 more for actively managed patients compared with the cost for the control protocol. Conclusions The reduced duration of labor by active management did not translate into significant cost savings. Overall, an average cost saving of only $47.91, or 2%, was achieved for labors that were actively managed. This reduction in cost was due to a decrease in the rate of cesarean sections in women whose labor was actively managed and not to a decreased duration of labor. PMID:10778374

76 FR 44884 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Payments Under Time-and-Materials and Labor-Hour Contracts

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-27

... Acquisition Regulation; Payments Under Time-and-Materials and Labor-Hour Contracts AGENCY: Department of... Acquisition Regulation (FAR) to make necessary revisions to accommodate the authorization to use time-and... significant changes to the regulations for time-and- materials and labor-hour contracts: (1) FAR Case 2003-027...

In the Eye of the Beholder: Emotional Labor in Academia Varies with Tenure and Gender

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tunguz, Sharmin

2016-01-01

Expanding from the customer-service perspective, the present research investigated emotional labor, defined as "service with authority," in an academic context. Drawing from previous research on display rules and power, tenure and gender were hypothesized to influence the extent to which college faculty labored to provide "service…

Use of Labor Market Forecasts by High School Counselors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sobol, Marion Gross

1978-01-01

This article describes a pilot study of school counselors' knowledge and activities in vocational guidance and labor market information. Subjects were counselors in 42 public and private schools in the Dallas area. Results indicate that job market forecasts could be used more. (Author)

Cell-free DNA, inflammation, and the initiation of spontaneous term labor.

PubMed

Herrera, Christina A; Stoerker, Jay; Carlquist, John; Stoddard, Gregory J; Jackson, Marc; Esplin, Sean; Rose, Nancy C

2017-11-01

Hypomethylated cell-free DNA from senescent placental trophoblasts may be involved in the activation of the inflammatory cascade to initiate labor. To determine the changes in cell-free DNA concentrations, the methylation ratio, and inflammatory markers between women in labor at term vs women without labor. In this prospective cohort study, eligible participants carried a nonanomalous singleton fetus. Women with major medical comorbidity, preterm labor, progesterone use, aneuploidy, infectious disease, vaginal bleeding, abdominal trauma, or invasive procedures during the pregnancy were excluded. Maternal blood samples were collected at 28 weeks, 36 weeks, and at admission for delivery. Total cell-free DNA concentration, methylation ratio, and interleukin-6 were analyzed. The primary outcome was the difference in methylation ratio in women with labor vs without labor. Secondary outcomes included the longitudinal changes in these biomarkers corresponding to labor status. A total of 55 women were included; 20 presented in labor on admission and 35 presented without labor. Women in labor had significantly greater methylation ratio (P = .001) and interleukin-6 (P < .001) on admission for delivery than women without labor. After we controlled for body mass index and maternal age, methylation ratio (adjusted relative risk, 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.68) and interleukin-6 (adjusted relative risk, 1.12, 95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 1.17) remained greater in women presenting in labor. Total cell-free DNA was not significantly different in women with labor compared with women without. Longitudinally, total cell-free DNA (P < .001 in labor, P = .002 without labor) and interleukin-6 (P < .001 in labor, P = .01 without labor) increased significantly across gestation in both groups. The methylation ratio increased significantly in women with labor from 36 weeks to delivery (P = .02). Spontaneous labor at term is associated with a greater cell-free DNA

Determinants of Problem Drinking and Depression among Latino Day Laborers

PubMed Central

Bacio, Guadalupe A.; Moore, Alison A.; Karno, Mitchell P.; Ray, Lara

2014-01-01

Little is known about alcohol misuse and depression among Latino day laborers despite the fact that they encounter multiple stressors (e.g. job instability, unsafe work environments). A structural equation model tested the relationships among laborer stress, social support, health status, current alcohol misuse, and depression. A sample of 89 male, urban Latino day laborers completed measures assessing these constructs in 2011. Stress was negatively related to physical health status, which was associated with depression. Findings suggest that stressors specific to being a day laborer resulting from their work and living conditions generate and maintain health disparities in this vulnerable population. PMID:24779503

Labor length among overweight and obese women undergoing induction of labor.

PubMed

Hirshberg, Adi; Levine, Lisa D; Srinivas, Sindhu

2014-11-01

Maternal weight is thought to impact labor. With rising rates of obesity and inductions, we sought to evaluate labor times among induced women by body mass index (BMI) category. Retrospective cohort study of term inductions from 2005 to 2010. BMI categories were: normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and obese (Ob) (18.5-24.9, 25-29.9, ≥30 kg/m(2)). Kruskal-Wallis tests compared median latent labor (LL) length and active labor (AL) length. Chi-square determined associations. Multivariable logistic regression controlled for confounders. Analyses were stratified by parity. A total of 448 inductions were analyzed. For nulliparas, there was no difference in LL by BMI category (p = 0.22). However, OW nulliparas had a longer AL compared to NW and Ob nulliparas (3.2, 1.7, 2.0 h, p = 0.005). For multiparas, NW had the shortest LL (5.5 h, p = 0.025) with no difference in AL among BMI categories (p = 0.42). The overall cesarean rate was 23% with no difference by BMI category (p = 0.95). However, Ob women had a greater percentage of first stage cesareans (41%) and NW had a greater percentage of second stage cesareans (55%), p = 0.06. The association between BMI and labor length among inductions differs by phase of labor and parity. BMI also influences the stage of labor in which a cesarean occurs.

31 CFR 500.571 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 500.571 Section 500.571 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... telecommunications authorized. All transactions of U.S. common carriers incident to the receipt or transmission of telecommunications involving North Korea are authorized. Note: Exports or reexports to North Korea of goods and...

The Effect of Income Taxation on Labor Supply in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Triest, Robert K.

1990-01-01

A study used an econometric model to examine the effect of income taxation on labor supply of married women and men. Male labor supply was found to be relatively invariant to income. Impact on married women depended upon the method used to estimate the labor supply function. (SK)

75 FR 22871 - National Council on Federal Labor-Management Relations Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-30

..., ``Creating Labor-Management Forums to Improve Delivery of Government Services,'' which was signed by the... innovative ways to improve delivery of services and products to the public while cutting costs and advancing employee interests. The Council is co- chaired by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management and...

Preterm induction of labor: predictors of vaginal delivery and labor curves.

PubMed

Feghali, Maisa; Timofeev, Julia; Huang, Chun-Chih; Driggers, Rita; Miodovnik, Menachem; Landy, Helain J; Umans, Jason G

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the labor curves of patients who undergo preterm induction of labor (IOL) and to assess possible predictors of vaginal delivery (VD). Data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Consortium on Safe Labor were analyzed. A total of 6555 women who underwent medically indicated IOL at <37 weeks of gestation were included in this analysis. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on gestational age (GA): group A, 24-27+6 weeks; B, 28-30+6 weeks; C, 31-33+6 weeks; and D, 34-36+6 weeks. Pregnant women with a contraindication to VD, IOL ≥37 weeks of gestation, and without data from cervical examination on admission were excluded. Analysis of variance was used to assess differences between GA groups. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess predictors of VD. A repeated measures analysis was used to determine average labor curves. Rates of vaginal live births increased with GA, from 35% (group A) to 76% (group D). Parous women (odds ratio, 6.78; 95% confidence interval, 6.38-7.21) and those with a favorable cervix at the start of IOL (odds ratio, 2.35; 95% confidence interval, 2.23-2.48) were more likely to deliver vaginally. Analysis of labor curves in nulliparous women showed shorter duration of labor with increasing GA; the active phase of labor was, however, similar across all GAs. Most women who undergo medically indicated preterm IOL between 24 and 36+6 weeks of gestation deliver vaginally. The strongest predictor of VD was parity. Preterm IOL had a limited influence on estimated labor curves across GAs. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Relation Between Emotional Labor and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: An Investigation Among Chinese Teaching Professionals.

PubMed

Cheung, Francis Y L; Lun, Vivian Miu-Chi

2015-01-01

This study examined the association between emotional labor and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and the mediation of work engagement in this relationship. A total of 264 teachers in Mainland China were recruited for this study. Bivariate correlation showed that both deep acting and the expression of naturally felt emotion were positively related to the two dimensions of OCB, namely, OCB toward the individual (OCBI) and OCB toward the organization (OCBO), whereas surface acting was not related to the OCB dimensions. Work engagement was also positively associated with both OCB dimensions. Regression results showed that work engagement partially mediated the relation between deep acting and OCBO, and that between the expression of naturally felt emotion and OCBI. Work engagement also fully mediated the association between deep acting and OCBI, and that between the expression of naturally felt emotion and OCBO. In light of these findings, strategies that encourage employees to display emotions consistent with their inner experience were discussed.

Labor Certifications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaye, Allen E.

1978-01-01

The U.S. Immigration and Nationality Act requires that those aliens who wish to obtain U.S. immigrant visas and who intend to be permanently employed here to obtain a certification from the U.S. Secretary of Labor. Certain aliens are exempt from this requirement. Those not exempt must follow the labor certification process. (NQ)

12 CFR 269.2 - Membership in a labor organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 269.2 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM POLICY ON LABOR RELATIONS FOR THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS § 269.2 Membership in a labor... described in paragraph (a) of this section for employees do not extend to participation in the management of...

12 CFR 269.2 - Membership in a labor organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Section 269.2 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM POLICY ON LABOR RELATIONS FOR THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS § 269.2 Membership in a labor... described in paragraph (a) of this section for employees do not extend to participation in the management of...

Requirements Higher Education Graduates Meet on the Labor Market

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Braun, Edith M. P.; Brachem, Julia-Carolin

2015-01-01

In Europe and all over the world, higher education systems face the challenge of preparing an increasing number of students for the labor market and teaching them discipline-related knowledge and competences as well as generic competences. But what requirements do higher education graduates actually meet on the labor market? To identify higher…

26 CFR 31.3306(c)(1)-1 - Agricultural labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Agricultural labor. 31.3306(c)(1)-1 Section 31... Agricultural labor. Services performed by an employee for the person employing him which constitute “agricultural labor” as defined in section 3306(k) are excepted from employment. For provisions relating to the...

Pushing in labor: performance and not endurance.

PubMed

Buhimschi, Catalin S; Buhimschi, Irina A; Malinow, Andrew M; Kopelman, Jerome N; Weiner, Carl P

2002-06-01

high and low pushing performance. Myometrial thickness provided the single strongest contribution to the regression equation's predictive value (P =.01, r = -0.36). A myometrial thickness of 6 mm had a specificity of 88% (but only 53% sensitivity) for the identification of women able to increase their IP by 66% over baseline. In women in labor who have received epidural anesthesia, the efficiency with which maternal expulsive efforts are converted into increased IP is directly related to the patient's body mass index but inversely related to myometrial thickness, the sonographic estimate of fetal weight, and the need for labor augmentation.

Shadow Labor: Work and Wages among Immigrant Hispanic Women in Durham, North Carolina

PubMed Central

Flippen, Chenoa A.

2017-01-01

Drawing on data collected in Durham, NC, this paper examines the forces shaping the labor supply and wages of immigrant Hispanic women in new destinations. The analysis evaluates the role of human capital and immigration characteristics (including legal status), family structure, and immigrant-specific labor market conditions, such as subcontracting, in shaping labor market outcomes. Findings indicate that the main determinants of labor supply among immigrant Hispanic women in Durham relate to family structure, with human capital playing a relatively minor role. Important variation is observed, however, in the degree of work-family conflict across occupations. For wages, human capital and immigration characteristics (including documentation) are more determinant than family structure. Results highlight the extremely precarious position of immigrant Hispanic women in Durham’s low wage labor market, and multiple, overlapping sources of disadvantage, particularly relating to legal status and family structure. PMID:28603290

Special considerations--Induction of labor in low-resource settings.

PubMed

Smid, Marcela; Ahmed, Yusuf; Ivester, Thomas

2015-10-01

Induction of labor in resource-limited settings has the potential to significantly improve health outcomes for both mothers and infants. However, there are relatively little context-specific data to guide practice, and few specific guidelines. Also, there may be considerable issues regarding the facilities and organizational capacities necessary to support safe practices in many aspects of obstetrical practice, and for induction of labor in particular. Herein we describe the various opportunities as well as challenges presented by induction of labor in these settings. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Labor Market Changes for Black Men Since 1964

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vroman, Wayne

1975-01-01

Three determinants of black male relative earnings are examined: relative educational position, industrial distribution of employment, and labor market discrimination. Overall improvement in the relative position of black men has been noted, but large racial disparities persist. (MW)

29 CFR 401.9 - Labor organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Labor organization. 401.9 Section 401.9 Labor Regulations... MEANING OF TERMS USED IN THIS SUBCHAPTER § 401.9 Labor organization. Labor organization means a labor organization engaged in an industry affecting commerce and includes any organization of any kind, any agency...

Employment growth through labor flow networks.

PubMed

Guerrero, Omar A; Axtell, Robert L

2013-01-01

It is conventional in labor economics to treat all workers who are seeking new jobs as belonging to a labor pool, and all firms that have job vacancies as an employer pool, and then match workers to jobs. Here we develop a new approach to study labor and firm dynamics. By combining the emerging science of networks with newly available employment micro-data, comprehensive at the level of whole countries, we are able to broadly characterize the process through which workers move between firms. Specifically, for each firm in an economy as a node in a graph, we draw edges between firms if a worker has migrated between them, possibly with a spell of unemployment in between. An economy's overall graph of firm-worker interactions is an object we call the labor flow network (LFN). This is the first study that characterizes a LFN for an entire economy. We explore the properties of this network, including its topology, its community structure, and its relationship to economic variables. It is shown that LFNs can be useful in identifying firms with high growth potential. We relate LFNs to other notions of high performance firms. Specifically, it is shown that fewer than 10% of firms account for nearly 90% of all employment growth. We conclude with a model in which empirically-salient LFNs emerge from the interaction of heterogeneous adaptive agents in a decentralized labor market.

Employment Growth through Labor Flow Networks

PubMed Central

Guerrero, Omar A.; Axtell, Robert L.

2013-01-01

It is conventional in labor economics to treat all workers who are seeking new jobs as belonging to a labor pool, and all firms that have job vacancies as an employer pool, and then match workers to jobs. Here we develop a new approach to study labor and firm dynamics. By combining the emerging science of networks with newly available employment micro-data, comprehensive at the level of whole countries, we are able to broadly characterize the process through which workers move between firms. Specifically, for each firm in an economy as a node in a graph, we draw edges between firms if a worker has migrated between them, possibly with a spell of unemployment in between. An economy's overall graph of firm-worker interactions is an object we call the labor flow network (LFN). This is the first study that characterizes a LFN for an entire economy. We explore the properties of this network, including its topology, its community structure, and its relationship to economic variables. It is shown that LFNs can be useful in identifying firms with high growth potential. We relate LFNs to other notions of high performance firms. Specifically, it is shown that fewer than 10% of firms account for nearly 90% of all employment growth. We conclude with a model in which empirically-salient LFNs emerge from the interaction of heterogeneous adaptive agents in a decentralized labor market. PMID:23658682

How to Tell When Labor Begins

MedlinePlus

... labor? • How can I tell the difference between true labor and false labor? What happens when labor ... Your uterus may contract off and on before “true” labor begins. These irregular contractions are called false ...

22 CFR Appendix B to Chapter Xiv - Memorandum Describing the Authority and Assigned Responsibilities of the General Counsel of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Service Labor-Management Relations Statute B Appendix B to Chapter XIV Foreign Relations FOREIGN SERVICE... AUTHORITY; AND THE FOREIGN SERVICE IMPASSE DISPUTES PANEL Ch. XIV, App. B Appendix B to Chapter XIV... under this chapter, (B) file and prosecute complaints under this chapter, and (C) exercise such other...

TRENDS AND PROSPECTS OF THE SOVIET POPULATION AND LABOR FORCE,

DTIC Science & Technology

number of persons, their distribution by age and sex, and the birth and death rates . The growth of the labor force, set against the growth of the population, is analyzed in terms of the distribution by economic sectors. (Author)

Evidence of Perturbations of the Cytokine Network in Preterm Labor

PubMed Central

Romero, Roberto; Grivel, Jean-Charles; Tarca, Adi L.; Chaemsaithong, Piya; Xu, Zhonghui; Fitzgerald, Wendy; Hassan, Sonia S.; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Margolis, Leonid

2015-01-01

Objective Intra-amniotic infection/inflammation is the only mechanism of disease with persuasive evidence of causality for spontaneous preterm labor/delivery. Previous studies about the behavior of cytokines in preterm labor have been largely based on the analysis of the behavior of each protein independently. Emerging evidence indicates that the study of biological networks can provide insight into the pathobiology of disease, and improve biomarker discovery. The goal of this study is to characterize the inflammatory-related proteins network in the amniotic fluid in patients with preterm labor. Materials and Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted, and included women with singleton pregnancies who presented with spontaneous preterm labor and intact membranes (n=135). These patients were classified according to the results of amniotic fluid culture, broad-range polymerase chain reaction coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS), and amniotic fluid concentration of interleukin (IL)-6 into the following groups: 1) those without intra-amniotic inflammation (n=85); 2) those with microbial-associated intra-amniotic inflammation (n=15); and 3) those with intra-amniotic inflammation without detectable bacteria (n=35). Amniotic fluid concentrations of 33 inflammatory-related proteins were determined using a multiplex bead array assay. Results 1) Patients with preterm labor and intact membranes who had microbial-associated intra-amniotic inflammation had a higher amniotic fluid inflammatory-related protein concentration correlation than those without intra-amniotic inflammation (113 perturbed correlations). IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1α, and IL-1α were the most connected nodes (highest degree) in this differential correlation network (degree of 20, 16, 12, and 12, respectively); 2) patients with sterile intra-amniotic inflammation had correlation patterns of inflammatory-related proteins that were both increased and decreased when compared to

Managing the Industrial Labor Relations Process in Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Julius, Daniel J., Ed.

This book contains 25 essays on the subject of industrial relations divided into the following parts: Essays and their authors are as follows: "The Context of Collective Bargaining in American Colleges and Universities" (Kenneth P. Mortimer); "Transformation of the U.S. Collective Bargaining System: The Impact on Higher Education" (James P.…

Labor education programs in health and safety.

PubMed

Wallerstein, N; Baker, R

1994-01-01

Labor health and safety programs encourage workers to take an active part in making the workplace safe. The authors describe the growing need for preparing workers to participate in prevention efforts, the role of training in addressing this need, educational principles and traditions that contribute to empowerment education, and a step-by-step process that is required to achieve the goals of worker involvement and empowerment.

29 CFR 471.20 - What authority under this part or Executive Order 13496 may the Secretary delegate, and under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... to Labor OFFICE OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR NOTIFICATION OF EMPLOYEE RIGHTS UNDER FEDERAL LABOR LAWS OBLIGATIONS OF FEDERAL CONTRACTORS AND SUBCONTRACTORS; NOTIFICATION OF EMPLOYEE RIGHTS UNDER FEDERAL LABOR LAWS Ancillary Matters § 471.20 What authority under this part or Executive...

75 FR 55352 - Delegation of Authorities and Assignment of Responsibilities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-10

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Office of the Secretary Delegation of Authorities and Assignment of Responsibilities Secretary's Order 5-2010 Subject: Delegation of Authorities and Assignment of Responsibilities to... rather than the Administrator, WHD (see also Secretary's Order 3-2010). 5. Delegations of Authority and...

31 CFR 538.512 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 538.512 Section 538.512 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... telecommunications authorized. All transactions with respect to the receipt and transmission of telecommunications... a person in Sudan of telecommunications equipment or technology. ...

31 CFR 538.512 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 538.512 Section 538.512 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... telecommunications authorized. All transactions with respect to the receipt and transmission of telecommunications... a person in Sudan of telecommunications equipment or technology. ...

31 CFR 538.512 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 538.512 Section 538.512 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... telecommunications authorized. All transactions with respect to the receipt and transmission of telecommunications... a person in Sudan of telecommunications equipment or technology. ...

31 CFR 538.512 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 538.512 Section 538.512 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... telecommunications authorized. All transactions with respect to the receipt and transmission of telecommunications... a person in Sudan of telecommunications equipment or technology. ...

31 CFR 538.512 - Transactions related to telecommunications authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... telecommunications authorized. 538.512 Section 538.512 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and... telecommunications authorized. All transactions with respect to the receipt and transmission of telecommunications... a person in Sudan of telecommunications equipment or technology. ...

Labor Economists Get Their Microscope: Big Data and Labor Market Analysis.

PubMed

Horton, John J; Tambe, Prasanna

2015-09-01

This article describes how the fine-grained data being collected by Internet labor market intermediaries, such as employment websites, online labor markets, and knowledge discussion boards, are providing new research opportunities and directions for the empirical analysis of labor market activity. After discussing these data sources, we examine some of the research opportunities they have created, highlight some examples of existing work that already use these new data sources, and enumerate the challenges associated with the use of these corporate data sources.

Advances in labor analgesia

PubMed Central

Wong, Cynthia A

2010-01-01

The pain of childbirth is arguably the most severe pain most women will endure in their lifetimes. The pain of the early first stage of labor arises from dilation of the lower uterine segment and cervix. Pain from the late first stage and second stage of labor arises from descent of the fetus in the birth canal, resulting in distension and tearing of tissues in the vagina and perineum. An array of regional nerve blocks, systemic analgesic, and nonpharmacologic techniques are currently used for labor analgesia. Nonpharmacologic methods are commonly used, but the effectiveness of these techniques generally lacks rigorous scientific study. Continuous labor support has been shown to decrease the use of pharmacologic analgesia and shorten labor. Intradermal water injections decrease back labor pain. Neuraxial labor analgesia (most commonly epidural or combined spinal-epidural) is the most effective method of pain relief during childbirth, and the only method that provides complete analgesia without maternal or fetal sedation. Current techniques commonly combine a low dose of local anesthetic (bupivacaine or ropivacaine) with a lipid soluble opioid (fentanyl or sufentanil). Neuraxial analgesia does not increase the rate of cesarean delivery compared to systemic opioid analgesia; however, dense neuraxial analgesia may increase the risk of instrumental vaginal delivery. PMID:21072284

Premature labor and neonatal sepsis caused by Actinomyces neuii.

PubMed

Alsohime, Fahad; Assiri, Rasha A; Al-Shahrani, Fatimah; Bakeet, Hind; Elhazmi, Malak; Somily, Ali M

2018-04-26

Actinomycosis is a rare infection in patients younger than 10years of age. It mainly affects the cervicofacial region, but many other sites of infection have been recognized. About 70% of infections are due to either Actinomyces israelii or Actinomyces gerencseriae. Actinomyces neuii was first described in 1985 in two patients with post cataract endophthalmitis, A. neuii represents 17% of clinical Actinomyces isolates. Several reports indicated a well-known association between Actinomyces infections and Intrauterine devices (IUD). We are reporting a case of neonatal sepsis due to A. neuii as a first case reported from Saudi Arabia. It was thought to be the cause of the premature labor and neonatal sepsis. The prevalence of Actinomyces infection is likely underestimated and additional premature labors and abortions could have been caused by Actinomyces infections that were never detected. More studies are needed to confirm the association of maternal Actinomyces infections with preterm labor. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Pennsylvania Migratory Labor Program Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Governor's Committee on Migratory Labor, Harrisburg, PA.

Operating for the 18th year, the Pennsylvania Governor's Committee on Migratory Labor, which is charged with coordinating and bringing into focus the activities of various governmental and nongovernmental agencies relating to Pennsylvania's migrant workers, submits the present document as an annual report. Some specific areas reported on by…

Children's Conceptions of Parental Authority, Friendship, and Sibling Relations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tisak, Marie S.; Tisak, John

1990-01-01

Investigates second, fourth, and sixth graders' reasoning about interrelationships between parental authority, friendship, and sibling relations. Children's conceptions regarding legitimacy of and obedience to parental rules prohibiting friendship vary as a function of reasons given for rules. (Author/BB)

The fetal head evaluation during labor in the occiput posterior position: the ESA (evaluation by simulation algorithm) approach.

PubMed

Malvasi, Antonio; Bochicchio, Mario; Vaira, Lucia; Longo, Antonella; Pacella, Elena; Tinelli, Andrea

2014-07-01

The determination of fetal head position can be useful in labor to predict the success of labor management, especially in case of malpositions. Malpositions are abnormal positions of the vertex of the fetal head and account for the large part of indication for cesarean sections for dystocic labor. The occiput posterior position occurs in 15-25% of patients before labor at term and, however, most occiput posterior presentations rotate during labor, so that the incidence of occiput posterior at vaginal birth is approximately 5-7%. Persistence of the occiput posterior position is associated with higher rate of interventions and with maternal and neonatal complications and the knowledge of the exact position of the fetal head is of paramount importance prior to any operative vaginal delivery, for both the safe positioning of the instrument that may be used (i.e. forceps versus vacuum) and for its successful outcome. Ultrasound (US) diagnosed occiput posterior position during labor can predict occiput posterior position at birth. By these evidences, the time requested for fetal head descent and the position in the birth canal, had an impact on the diagnosis of labor progression or arrested labor. To try to reduce this pitfalls, authors developed a new algorithm, applied to intrapartum US and based on suitable US pictures, that sets out, in detail, the quantitative evaluation, in degrees, of the occiput posterior position of the fetal head in the pelvis and the birth canal, respectively, in the first and second stage of labor. Authors tested this computer system in a settle of patients in labor.

Women's preferences for aspects of labor management: results from a discrete choice experiment.

PubMed

Scotland, Graham S; McNamee, Paul; Cheyne, Helen; Hundley, Vanora; Barnett, Carol

2011-03-01

The latent phase of labor can vary greatly in duration, and many women are uncertain about when to contact the maternity unit. The aim of this study was to elicit and value women's preferences for some aspects of labor management. A questionnaire was sent to 1,251 women who had recently given birth to their first child at one of 14 maternity units in Scotland. Discrete choice questions were used to measure women's preferences for five attributes of care: number of visits (assessments) before admission to the labor ward, time spent on the labor ward before delivery, mobility during labor, pain relief required, and mode of delivery. Responses were analyzed for the sample as a whole and for subgroups defined by recent experiences of labor. A total of 730 (58.4%) questionnaires were returned and analyzed. Women expressed a preference for fewer visits before admission, shorter times on the labor ward before delivery, mobility during labor, normal vaginal deliveries, and moderate forms of pain relief (Entonox and opiates). Subgroup analysis suggests that women's preferences for pain relief are influenced by their recent labor experience. The elicited preference values provide a means for estimating the tradeoffs women are willing to make between attributes of labor management. Women appear to dislike being turned away from the labor ward before admission for delivery. Extra visits before admission only appear to be a price worth paying if they result in reductions in the duration of time spent on the labor ward, reductions in the chance of being immobilized in hospital during labor, or a lower chance of requiring an instrumental or operative delivery. © 2010, Copyright the Authors. Journal compilation © 2010, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Labor Training in Today's Schools: Realities and Needs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vasil'ev, I. A.

2015-01-01

These days labor training of the rising generation has been made more difficult by the fact that a certain contingent of that generation lack a solid motivation to work. There is a shortage of systematic and intelligent promotion of skilled blue-collar professions. On the basis of an analysis of a sociological field survey the author looks at the…

Effects of Intermittent Labor Force Attachment on Women's Earnings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacobsen, Joyce P.; Levin, Laurence M.

1995-01-01

Women who leave the labor market for family reasons often return to wages lower than those of women who did not. They lose seniority and are less likely to receive on-the-job training, their jobs may depreciate, and employers may believe they will again take a leave. (Author)

[Active management of labor].

PubMed

Ruiz Ortiz, E; Villalobos Román, M; Flores Murrieta, G; Sotomayor Alvarado, L

1991-01-01

Eighty three primigravidae patients at the end of latency labor, erased cervix, 3 cm dilation, vertex presentation and adequate pelvis, were studied. Two groups were formed: 53 patients in the study group, who received active management of labor, and 30 patients in the control group, treated in the traditional way. In all the patients a graphic recording of labor, was carried out; it included all the events, and as labor advanced, a signoidal curve of cervical dilatation, was registered, as well as the hyperbolic one for presentation descent. The study group received the method in a systematized manner, as follows: 1. Peridular block. 2. Amniotomy. 3. IV oxytocin one hour after amniotomy. 4. FCR monitoring. 5. Detection of dystocia origin. Materno-fetal morbidity was registered in both groups, as well as cesarean section rate, instrumental delivery and its indications, labor duration, and time of stay in labor room. Diminution of above intems and opportune detection of dystocia, were determined. It was concluded that a constructive action plan, starting at hospital admission in most healthy women, allows a normal delivery of brief duration.

Paratransit Labor Issues

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-02-01

All paratransit services are labor intensive, second only to conventional taxis among transportation modes. As such, the manner in which the service is provided, the role of the labor force, and, in particular, the compensation afforded to drivers, h...

The feminization of foreign currency earnings: women's labor in Sri Lanka.

PubMed

Samarasinghe, V

1998-01-01

This paper considers women's participation in foreign currency earning activities in Sri Lanka. The author first analyzes the structure of women's participation patterns in the major foreign currency earning activities in the country, including consideration of their wage levels and the impact of ethnicity, age, educational levels, and skills upon the different components of those activities in which women participate. She then probes the applicability for Sri Lanka of Guy Standing's argument that structural adjustment policies (SAP) have triggered a change in labor force practices leading to a feminization through flexible labor. Many studies have shown that cutbacks in subsidies mandated by SAPs and initiated in the 1980s among developing countries have adversely affected poor women. Women have adjusted to the new situation in a variety of ways, ranging from cutting their household budgets for basic needs to seeking income-generating work in the informal sector and participating in labor-intensive manufacturing activities. In closing, the author assesses the degree to which the new demands made upon women resulting from the effect of SAPs upon their households have stimulated women's increasing participation in foreign currency earning activities.

The role of labor pain and overall birth experience in the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms: a longitudinal cohort study.

PubMed

Garthus-Niegel, Susan; Knoph, Cecilie; von Soest, Tilmann; Nielsen, Christopher S; Eberhard-Gran, Malin

2014-03-01

The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the role of labor pain and overall birth experience in the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms in a comprehensive framework. The study sample (N = 1893) comprised women with a vaginal delivery and was drawn from the Akershus Birth Cohort, which targeted all women scheduled to give birth at Akershus University Hospital in Norway. Questionnaires were given at three different stages: from pregnancy weeks 17 to 32, from the maternity ward, and from 8 weeks postpartum. Data were also obtained from the hospital's birth record. Using structural equation modeling, a prospective mediation model was tested. Posttraumatic stress symptoms were significantly related to both labor pain (r = 0.23) and overall birth experience (r = 0.39). A substantial portion (33%) of the effect of labor pain on posttraumatic stress symptoms was mediated by the overall birth experience. Although the results of this study showed that both labor pain and overall birth experience played a role in the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms after childbirth, overall birth experience appeared to be the central factor. The women's birth experience was not only related to posttraumatic stress symptoms directly but also mediated a substantial portion of the effect of labor pain on posttraumatic stress symptoms. Future work should address which areas of birth experience confer protective effects on women to improve clinical care. © 2014, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2014, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Equality in the division of household labor: a comparative study of Jewish women and Arab Muslim women in Israel.

PubMed

Kulik, Liat

2007-08-01

In this study, the author compared perceptions of gender-based equality in the division of household labor among Jewish women (n = 60) and Arab Muslim women (n = 62) from dual-earner families in Israel. Guided by theories regarding the division of household labor, the author also explored the impact of 3 sets of variables--resources, gender-role attitudes, and job flexibility (flextime)--on perceived equality in the division of household labor. The findings revealed that the Jewish women tended to perceive the division of household labor as more egalitarian than did their Arab Muslim counterparts. Furthermore, the Jewish women had more egalitarian gender-role attitudes and more job flexibility than did the Arab Muslim women. However, all 3 sets of variables predicted perceived equality in the division of household labor to the same extent for both groups of women. Moreover, for both groups, education level correlated with attitudes toward household labor and with extent of job flexibility. Overall, the findings suggest that education may contribute to improving women's quality of life in both traditional and modem sociocultural contexts.

Oral intake during labor: a review of the evidence.

PubMed

Sharts-Hopko, Nancy C

2010-01-01

The purpose of this article is to review evidence and practices within and beyond the United States related to the practice of maternal fasting during labor. Fasting in labor became standard policy in the United States after findings of a 1946 study suggested that pulmonary aspiration during general anesthesia was an avoidable risk. Today general anesthesia is rarely used in childbirth and its associated maternal mortality usually results from difficulty in intubation. Healthcare professionals have debated the risks and benefits of restricting oral intake during labor for decades, and practice varies internationally. Research from the United States, Australia, and Europe suggests that oral intake may be beneficial, and adverse events associated with oral intake such as vomiting and prolongation of labor do not seem to be associated with alterations in maternal or infant outcomes. The World Health Organization recommends that healthcare providers should not interfere in women's eating and drinking during labor when no risk factors are evident. Nurses in intrapartum settings are encouraged to work in multidisciplinary teams to revise policies that are unnecessarily restrictive regarding oral intake during labor among low-risk women.

20 CFR 631.18 - Federal by-pass authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Federal by-pass authority. 631.18 Section 631.18 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR PROGRAMS UNDER... Secretary's intent to exercise by-pass authority and an opportunity to request and to receive a hearing...

Unemployment and Labor Force Trends in 10 Industrial Nations: An Update.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moy, Joyanna

1982-01-01

This article updates comparative unemployment rates through the third quarter 1982 and other related labor market statistics through 1981 for the U.S. and nine other countries. The foreign unemployment and labor data are adjusted to U.S. concepts. (CT)

At Yale, a Push to Link Academe and Organized Labor.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leatherman, Courtney

1999-01-01

At a recent conference of academics, union organizers, and workers at Yale University (Connecticut) activity and rhetoric focused on reinforcing the ties that bind academe and labor, and particularly on the question, currently before the National Labor Relations Board, of whether Yale graduate students qualify as employees or students. Leaders of…

Identification of first-stage labor arrest by electromyography in term nulliparous women after induction of labor.

PubMed

Vasak, Blanka; Graatsma, Elisabeth M; Hekman-Drost, Elske; Eijkemans, Marinus J; Schagen van Leeuwen, Jules H; Visser, Gerard H A; Jacod, Benoit C

2017-07-01

Worldwide induction and cesarean delivery rates have increased rapidly, with consequences for subsequent pregnancies. The majority of intrapartum cesarean deliveries are performed for failure to progress, typically in nulliparous women at term. Current uterine registration techniques fail to identify inefficient contractions leading to first-stage labor arrest. An alternative technique, uterine electromyography has been shown to identify inefficient contractions leading to first-stage arrest of labor in nulliparous women with spontaneous onset of labor at term. The objective of this study was to determine whether this finding can be reproduced in induction of labor. Uterine activity was measured in 141 nulliparous women with singleton term pregnancies and a fetus in cephalic position during induced labor. Electrical activity of the myometrium during contractions was characterized by its power density spectrum. No significant differences were found in contraction characteristics between women with induced labor delivering vaginally with or without oxytocin and women with arrested labor with subsequent cesarean delivery. Uterine electromyography shows no correlation with progression of labor in induced labor, which is in contrast to spontaneous labor. © 2017 Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Low-back pain during labor.

PubMed

Melzack, R; Schaffelberg, D

1987-04-01

Earlier studies have shown that labor pain is highly variable in intensity and spatial location. Most women feel pain predominantly in the abdominal area whereas others complain about severe back pain. In addition to the pains associated with contractions, many women report continuous low-back pain. This study used the McGill Pain Questionnaire to examine each type of pain. Women during labor also tracked their perceived pain levels at the same time that contractions were registered on cardiotachographic records. The results show that continuous low-back pain is severe and is reported by about 33% of women during labor. It is described as being qualitatively different from the pains associated with uterine contractions. The pain of contractions felt in the back is often reported as "riding on" the continuous low-back pain so that both together may reach "horrible" or "excruciating" intensities. Continuous low-back pain is probably caused by the distention and pressure on adjacent visceral and neural structures in the peritoneum, in contrast to the rhythmic pains that are clearly related to contractions of the uterus. It is possible that each of these major kinds of pain may be controlled by different anesthesiologic and psychologic procedures.

Child Labor Requirements in Nonagricultural Occupations under the Fair Labor Standards Act. Child Labor Bulletin No. 101.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Employment Standards Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. Wage and Hour Div.

This booklet is a guide to the provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (also known as the Wage-Hour Law) which apply to minors employed in nonagricultural occupations. The content is as follows: coverage of the child labor provisions (covers employees in commerce, the production of goods for commerce, an enterprise engaged in commerce, and an…

75 FR 55354 - Delegation of Authority and Assignment of Responsibilities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-10

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Office of the Secretary Delegation of Authority and Assignment of Responsibilities Secretary's Order 3-2010 Subject: Delegation of Authority and Assignment of Responsibilities to... Secretary to enforce sections 18A and 18B of the FLSA. 4. Delegation of Authority and Assignment of...

The Health Impact of Child Labor in Developing Countries: Evidence From Cross-Country Data

PubMed Central

Roggero, Paola; Mangiaterra, Viviana; Bustreo, Flavia; Rosati, Furio

2007-01-01

Objectives. Research on child labor and its effect on health has been limited. We sought to determine the impact of child labor on children’s health by correlating existing health indicators with the prevalence of child labor in selected developing countries. Methods. We analyzed the relationship between child labor (defined as the percentage of children aged 10 to14 years who were workers) and selected health indicators in 83 countries using multiple regression to determine the nature and strength of the relation. The regression included control variables such as the percentage of the population below the poverty line and the adult mortality rate. Results. Child labor was significantly and positively related to adolescent mortality, to a population’s nutrition level, and to the presence of infectious disease. Conclusions. Longitudinal studies are required to understand the short- and long-term health effects of child labor on the individual child. PMID:17194870

Labor force planning issues for allied health in Australia.

PubMed

Smith, C S; Crowley, S

1995-01-01

The aim of this paper is to discuss labor force planning issues for allied health professionals in Australia. Health system reform and changes in the demand for health labor, combined with key characteristics of the professions, will have a profound influence on future needs for career development of allied health professionals. Key issues include the increasing need for allied health professionals to undertake business management and public health training, the growing trend of multiskilling versus specialization, and the need for the professions to diversify their skill base to ensure a range of career options in a changing health care system. The challenge for allied health professions is to improve tools of analysis in relation to labor force planning and to systematically investigate various factors influencing labor force supply and demand, on both a short-term and long-term basis.

[Ordinance No. 91-240 of 25 February 1991 relating to the Labor Code applicable to the Territory of Mayotte].

PubMed

1991-03-06

This Law sets forth the Labor Code for the French territory of Mayotte. The Code contains the following provisions relating to sex discrimination, maternity leave, night work, and the employment of foreigners: a) employers are prohibited from discriminating against women who are pregnant; b) women are entitled to fully paid maternity leave of 14 weeks, 8 weeks before and 6 weeks after giving birth; c) the employer and the Government will each pay for half of the worker's salary during this leave; d) discrimination on the basis of sex or family situation is prohibited in advertisements, offers of employment, hiring, firing, pay, training, job classification, and promotion; e) retaliation for instituting an action for sex discrimination is prohibited; f) men and women are guaranteed equal pay for equal work or work of an equivalent value; g) women may not perform work at night in factories, mines, building sites, workshops, public or ministerial offices, places of professional work, companies, unions, or associations of any sort, unless they are in management positions; and h) a foreigner may not engage in a professional activity in Mayotte without authorization. The Law prescribes penalties for violations of these provisions.

3 CFR - Continuation of the National Emergency Relating to Cuba and of the Emergency Authority Relating...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Cuba and of the Emergency Authority Relating to the Regulation of the Anchorage and Movement of Vessels... Emergency Relating to Cuba and of the Emergency Authority Relating to the Regulation of the Anchorage and... north of Cuba. On February 26, 2004, by Proclamation 7757, the national emergency was extended and its...

3 CFR - Continuation of the National Emergency Relating to Cuba and of the Emergency Authority Relating...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Cuba and of the Emergency Authority Relating to the Regulation of the Anchorage and Movement of Vessels... Emergency Relating to Cuba and of the Emergency Authority Relating to the Regulation of the Anchorage and... north of Cuba. In July 1996 and on subsequent occasions, the Cuban government stated its intent to...

20 CFR 627.806 - Other authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Other authority. 627.806 Section 627.806 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR GENERAL PROVISIONS GOVERNING... exercise of other legal rights in pursuit of remedies and sanctions available outside the Act. ...

What the '90s Labor Shortage Will Mean to You.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dunn, Samuel L.

1985-01-01

Discusses a number of forces that will determine the labor supply and demand in the United States in the 1990s: growth in the economy, automation, national policy, immigration policies, changing family, and technical advances. Examines steps a company can take in relation to these forces and makes suggestions concerning future labor needs. (CT)

Labor Markets and Economic Incorporation among Recent Immigrants in Europe

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kogan, Irena

2006-01-01

The questions asked in the paper are whether and to what extent the employment situation among recent third-country immigrants differs across European Union countries and how it is related to these countries' labor market characteristics. The European Labor Force Survey data for the 1990s are used to disentangle the roles that the individual…

Informal Care and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence From Chinese Married Women.

PubMed

Chen, Lu; Zhao, Na; Fan, Hongli; Coyte, Peter C

2015-10-16

Data were used from the 1991-2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey to examine the influence of informal care on labor market outcomes for married women of working aged, with emphasis on caregiving intensity. After accounting for potential endogeneity between caregiving and labor force participation (LFP) through simultaneous equations modeling, caregivers who provided more than 15 or 20 hr of caregiving per week were 4.5-7.7% less likely to be LFPs. Intensive caregivers who remained working had significantly lower (4.97-7.20) weekly hours of work. The significant positive effect of informal care on LFP only existed in the rural sample, and these women also had much lower hours of work than their urban counterparts. Opportunities exist for policy interventions that target intensive caregivers in order to allow them to balance both work and caregiving. © The Author(s) 2015.

29 CFR 1954.3 - Exercise of Federal discretionary authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. 1954.3 Section... § 1954.3 Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. (a)(1) When a State plan is approved under section..., exercise his authority under sections 5(a)(2), 8, 9, 10, 13 and 17 of the Act with respect to standards...

29 CFR 1954.3 - Exercise of Federal discretionary authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. 1954.3 Section... § 1954.3 Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. (a)(1) When a State plan is approved under section..., exercise his authority under sections 5(a)(2), 8, 9, 10, 13 and 17 of the Act with respect to standards...

29 CFR 1954.3 - Exercise of Federal discretionary authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. 1954.3 Section... § 1954.3 Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. (a)(1) When a State plan is approved under section..., exercise his authority under sections 5(a)(2), 8, 9, 10, 13 and 17 of the Act with respect to standards...

29 CFR 1954.3 - Exercise of Federal discretionary authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. 1954.3 Section... § 1954.3 Exercise of Federal discretionary authority. (a)(1) When a State plan is approved under section..., exercise his authority under sections 5(a)(2), 8, 9, 10, 13 and 17 of the Act with respect to standards...

Defining failed induction of labor.

PubMed

Grobman, William A; Bailit, Jennifer; Lai, Yinglei; Reddy, Uma M; Wapner, Ronald J; Varner, Michael W; Thorp, John M; Leveno, Kenneth J; Caritis, Steve N; Prasad, Mona; Tita, Alan T N; Saade, George; Sorokin, Yoram; Rouse, Dwight J; Blackwell, Sean C; Tolosa, Jorge E

2018-01-01

as postpartum hemorrhage (P < .001) and chorioamnionitis (P < .001), increased in frequency as the length of latent phase increased. Conversely, the frequencies of most adverse perinatal outcomes were statistically stable over time. The large majority of women undergoing labor induction will have entered the active phase by 15 hours after oxytocin has started and rupture of membranes has occurred. Maternal adverse outcomes become statistically more frequent with greater time in the latent phase, although the absolute increase in frequency is relatively small. These data suggest that cesarean delivery should not be undertaken during the latent phase prior to at least 15 hours after oxytocin and rupture of membranes have occurred. The decision to continue labor beyond this point should be individualized, and may take into account factors such as other evidence of labor progress. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Risk factors for preterm labor].

PubMed

Rodrigues, T; Barros, H

1998-10-01

Most studies investigating preterm risk factors include medically induced preterm labor due to fetal or maternal complications and do not distinguish preterm labor from preterm premature rupture of membranes. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the proportion of the three types of preterm birth and identify risk factors for spontaneous preterm labor in a sample of pregnant women who delivered at two level III units. From January to October 1996, we interviewed 385 women with live preterm newborns and, as controls, 357 mothers of term newborns. Preterm births were classified as preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes and iathrogenic preterm. Independent associations between maternal sociodemographic, constitutional, nutritional and obstetric characteristics and preterm labor were identified using logistic regression analysis. In this sample of preterm births, 29% corresponded to preterm labor, 49% to preterm premature rupture of the membranes and 22% were iathrogenic preterm. The identified risk factors for preterm labor were multiple gestation, no paid work during pregnancy, less than six prenatal care visits, arm circumference less than 26 cm and previous preterm or low birth-weight. Gestational bleeding during the first or third trimester was significantly associated with preterm labor. As previously recognized, multiple gestation, prior preterm or low birthweight and gestational bleeding are established risk factors for preterm labor. However, prenatal care, maternal work and nutritional status have also been revealed as important issues in preterm risk, deserving special interest since they are susceptible to preventive intervention.

Oxytocin regimen for labor augmentation, labor progression, and perinatal outcomes.

PubMed

Zhang, Jun; Branch, D Ware; Ramirez, Mildred M; Laughon, S Katherine; Reddy, Uma; Hoffman, Mathew; Bailit, Jennifer; Kominiarek, Michelle; Chen, Zhen; Hibbard, Judith U

2011-08-01

To examine the effects and safety of high-dose (compared with low-dose) oxytocin regimen for labor augmentation on perinatal outcomes. Data from the Consortium on Safe Labor were used. A total of 15,054 women from six hospitals were eligible for the analysis. Women were grouped based on their oxytocin starting dose and incremental dosing of 1, 2, and 4 milliunits/min. Duration of labor and a number of maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared among these three groups stratified by parity. Multivariable logistic regression and generalized linear mixed model were used to adjust for potential confounders. Oxytocin regimen did not affect the rate of cesarean delivery or other perinatal outcomes. Compared with 1 milliunit/min, the regimens starting with 2 milliunits/min and 4 milliunits/min reduced the duration of first stage by 0.8 hours (95% confidence interval 0.5-1.1) and 1.3 hours (1.0-1.7), respectively, in nulliparous women. No effect was observed on the second stage of labor. Similar patterns were observed in multiparous women. High-dose regimen was associated with a reduced risk of meconium stain, chorioamnionitis, and newborn fever in multiparous women. High-dose oxytocin regimen (starting dose at 4 milliunits/min and increment of 4 millliunits/min) is associated with a shorter duration of first-stage of labor for all parities without increasing the cesarean delivery rate or adversely affecting perinatal outcomes. II.

Mothers' Perceptions of Labor Support.

PubMed

Nikula, Pirkko; Laukkala, Helena; Pölkki, Tarja

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to describe mothers' perceptions of labor support during childbirth. A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational survey design was used. Data were collected using the Bryanton Adaptation of Nursing Support in Labor Questionnaire (BANSILQ) completed by new mothers (n = 260) in the postnatal ward in a Finnish university hospital. Nonparametric methods were used for data analysis. Mothers perceived emotional assistance to be most important. From the list of midwives' labor support behaviors provided in the survey, the following were considered most helpful: giving praise, treating on an individual basis, and answering questions truthfully and understandably. Emotional, tangible, and informational labor support enhanced the mothers' birth experiences. Labor support should be provided when caring for every mother during childbirth. An evidence-based model of labor support should be used for nursing and midwifery education and clinical practice.

Labor management positive change process (LMPCP) at Marissa Mine

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hird, T.; Becker, T.

1997-12-01

The authors discuss the {open_quotes}Labor Management Positive Change Process{close_quotes} (LMPCP) and the Marissa Mine. In the 1993 National Bituminous Coal Wage Agreement, there is a provision that allows for the establishment of the UMWA-BCOA labor management positive change process. This process provides the mechanism to deal with change. The major goal of this process is to increase job security, competitiveness, financial stability and opportunity for all employees covered by the agreement. The authors discuss the Marissa story concerning the LMPCP process. The process established some goals for the Marissa Mine. The main and most important goal was that the minemore » continue beyond the year 2000. They wanted to develop and implement a more cooperative working relationship; a relationship based on honesty, integrity, and mutual trust. They also wanted to utilize employees` responsibilities, skills, and ideas. They wanted to reinforce the shared belief that an ongoing partnership between labor and management is essential to the long-term success and growth of the industry. The results of some of the issues that were addressed include: employment has increased from 281 union employees to 332 employees; production increased from 3.1 million tons to 4.1 million tons; cost per ton was lowered over $5.00 per ton in the last two years; accidents have been reduced by 50 percent; the process has increased sales and helped develop new sales; and they have been able to improve attitudes among employees.« less

29 CFR 1915.1 - Purpose and authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT General Provisions § 1915.1... U.S.C. 941) and occupational safety and health standards issued by the Secretary pursuant to section...

29 CFR 1915.1 - Purpose and authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT General Provisions § 1915.1... U.S.C. 941) and occupational safety and health standards issued by the Secretary pursuant to section...

Welfare and Jobs: Rebuilding the Labor Market from the Bottom Down.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baldwin, Marc

1998-01-01

Discusses the new welfare law's elements that affect low-wage labor: work requirements, time limits, relaxed protections, and expanded state authority. Outlines high-road versus low-road policies in terms of economic development, human resource development, and administration. (SK)

Women in the Labor Force: Trends, Consequences, and Policy Implications.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Musewicz, John; And Others

In this paper changes in labor force participation for women in North Carolina are examined and projected into the future. The projections demonstrate that the number of employed females, especially mothers, will be much greater in the future than at present. Thus, the issues related to female labor force participation will be even more salient in…

Not by Labor Alone: Considerations for Value Influence Use of the Labor Rule in Ownership Transfers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kanngiesser, Patricia; Hood, Bruce

2014-01-01

People often assign ownership to the person who has invested labor into making an object (labor rule). However, labor usually improves objects and increases their value, and it has not been investigated whether these considerations underlie people's use of the labor rule. We presented participants with third-party ownership conflicts between…

Quantifying the effect of editor-author relations on manuscript handling times.

PubMed

Sarigöl, Emre; Garcia, David; Scholtes, Ingo; Schweitzer, Frank

2017-01-01

In this article we study to what extent the academic peer review process is influenced by social relations between the authors of a manuscript and the editor handling the manuscript. Taking the open access journal PlosOne as a case study, our analysis is based on a data set of more than 100,000 articles published between 2007 and 2015. Using available data on handling editor, submission and acceptance time of manuscripts, we study the question whether co-authorship relations between authors and the handling editor affect the manuscript handling time , i.e. the time taken between the submission and acceptance of a manuscript. Our analysis reveals (1) that editors handle papers co-authored by previous collaborators significantly more often than expected at random, and (2) that such prior co-author relations are significantly related to faster manuscript handling. Addressing the question whether these shorter manuscript handling times can be explained by the quality of publications, we study the number of citations and downloads which accepted papers eventually accumulate. Moreover, we consider the influence of additional (social) factors, such as the editor's experience, the topical similarity between authors and editors, as well as reciprocal citation relations between authors and editors. Our findings show that, even when correcting for other factors like time, experience, and performance, prior co-authorship relations have a large and significant influence on manuscript handling times, speeding up the editorial decision on average by 19 days.

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

29 CFR 552.108 - Child labor provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Child labor provisions. 552.108 Section 552.108 Labor... OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT TO DOMESTIC SERVICE Interpretations § 552.108 Child labor provisions. Congress made no change in section 12 as regards domestic service employees. Accordingly, the child labor...

Priorities for urban labor market research in Anglophone Africa.

PubMed

House, W J

1992-10-01

The earlier interest regarding how urban labor markets function centered on the dualist approach. An International Labor Office report on Kenya detected the urban informal sector reinforcing the labor market segmentation idea that those unable to obtain employment in the formal sector could obtain a subsistence-level livelihood in the urban informal sector. Recent work in urban Juba, Southern Sudan, has demonstrated that low-income households in the lowest quintile of urban income per adult showed an overrepresentation of female-headed households; larger household sizes; more children; greater dependency; and an overrepresentation of the indigenous, nonmigrant ethnic group plus an underrepresentation of the migrant Northern Sudanese who dominate the trade sector. Real wages in the formal sectors of English-speaking African countries have declined in the past decade. Unemployment of the educated is growing, evidenced by a longitudinal study of university graduates in Kenya over the period from 1970 to 1983. In 1991 the majority of 1990 graduates had still not found public sector employment. The rapid growth of labor supply has been paralleled by a rapidly growing informal sector which created 6 million new jobs in Africa between 1980 and 1985, while the formal sector added only 1/2 million jobs in the urban economy. An efficient labor market is characterized by relatively high turnover at less than 1 year of seniority and very low turnover among workers with 3-15 years of seniority. The modeling of the urban labor market has not progressed much in the last decade, and the dualistic approach has been repudiated. Such modeling requires in-depth data on the way workers and households allocate their time across the labor market segments. The understanding of the fusion of labor markets is best attained by well-designed household level surveys, which would study the relationship between labor market insertion and poverty status.

A bill to preserve State and institutional authority relating to State authorization and the definition of credit hour.

THOMAS, 112th Congress

Sen. Burr, Richard [R-NC

2011-06-29

Senate - 06/29/2011 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

Perceptions about labor companionship at public teaching hospitals in three Arab countries.

PubMed

Kabakian-Khasholian, Tamar; El-Nemer, Amina; Bashour, Hyam

2015-06-01

To explore the perspectives of women, female relatives, and healthcare providers on labor companionship. In a qualitative study, data were collected from women giving birth, female family members, and healthcare staff via semi-structured interviews in three large public teaching hospitals in Beirut (Lebanon), Damascus (Syria), and Mansoura (Egypt) between May and December 2012. Focus groups were conducted with midwives, nurses, and medical residents. Data were assessed by thematic analysis. A total of 69 women, 57 female relatives, and 28 obstetricians were interviewed, and two focus groups discussions occurred. Women reported that being alone during labor raises feelings of fear and anxiety. They reported appreciating professional support, but found comfort in the psychological support offered by family members during labor. Midwives and nurses pointed to structural factors related to the organization of care and to the marginalization of their role as barriers to implementing best practices. Obstetricians referred to the absence of prenatal education classes, and social norms as factors impeding the organization of labor support initiatives. Implementing labor companionship can improve women's childbirth experiences and outcomes. Organizational structural barriers and non-supportive providers' attitudes need to be addressed to influence hospital practices. Copyright © 2015 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Changes in labor market participation of older employees in Germany: the perspective of labor market research].

PubMed

Brussig, M

2009-08-01

For many years, Germany has been regarded in international comparisons as an example of a generous early retirement culture, resulting in a low labor market participation of older employees. Recently, however, employment rates of older employees have increased remarkably. Reasons are the demographic structure of older persons in Germany, a long-term trend of increasing female labor market participation, and reforms in labor-market policies and pension policies during the last 10 years. Despite an increasing labor market participation of older employees, traditional labor market risks for older persons partly remained, but some new risks evolved as well. Therefore, social differentiation among older employees increased.Although detailed macro descriptions exist, the causes of labor market developments cannot be fully understood with cross-sectional data alone. An important stimulus is to be expected from individual longitudinal data which reflect employment histories and labor market transitions such as employment exit and retirement.

Are Attributes of Pregnancy and the Delivery Room Experience Related to Development of Autism? A Review of the Perinatal and Labor Risk Factors and Autism

PubMed Central

Dhawan, Naveen; Emerson, Blaze; Lin, Catherine; Rawji, Adam; Zeiden, Rita; Rashid, Leeda; Phyu, Pwint; Bahl, Jaya

2014-01-01

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by severe deficits in social communication and interactions. It is a complex condition that lacks an established preventive method, warranting a need for research to identify possible environmental triggers. The identification of external factors particularly perinatal risk factors forms the initial critical step in preventing and alleviating risks. We conducted a literature review to assess evidence suggested in the worldwide literature. Perinatal risk factors that have a suggested association include β2 adrenergic receptor agonists, labor induction and augmentation, maternal infection and disease (i.e., antiphospholipid syndrome), antiepileptic drugs, cocaine use, and oral supplements. Smoking has not been found to have a direct association. Pollutants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, artificial insemination, and fertility medications may have a link, but results are often conflicted. Factors related to the delivery room experience may be associated with meconium aspiration syndrome, birth weight, and labor time. Several risk factors during the pregnancy and labor periods have been associated with autism; yet further studies with large populations are needed to establish definitive associations. The fact that several risk factors during the prenatal and labor periods are implicated in autism should prompt the medical community to focus on the pregnancy and labor periods as preventive measures to curb the incidence of autism. PMID:27355027

29 CFR 500.263 - Authority of the Secretary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Administrative Law Judge § 500.263 Authority of the Secretary. The Secretary may modify or vacate the Decision... inconsistent with a policy or precedent established by the Department of Labor, (b) Encompasses determinations...

The Bilingual Advantage: Language, Literacy and the US Labor Market

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Callahan, Rebecca M., Ed.; Gándara, Patricia C., Ed.

2014-01-01

The Bilingual Advantage draws together researchers from education, economics, sociology, anthropology and linguistics to examine the economic and employment benefits of bilingualism in the US labor market, countering past research that shows no such benefits exist. Collectively, the authors draw on novel methodological approaches and new data to…

Psychiatric disorders and the labor market: an analysis by disorder profiles.

PubMed

Cowell, Alexander J; Luo, Zhehui; Masuda, Yuta J

2009-03-01

A key societal cost of mental illness is its impact on the labor market. In examining the relationship between psychiatric disorders and the labor market, the literature to date either examines psychiatric disorders in broad classes or focuses on the impact of specific conditions. The aim is to examine the relationships among meaningful profiles of concurrent past year disorders and labor market outcomes by gender. Data are from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions for 2001/2002 (NESARC), a representative sample of the noninstitutionalized population aged 18 or older residing in the United States. The analysis sample contains 18,429 women and 16,426 men (unweighted). We examined the relationship between profiles of psychiatric disorders and three labor market outcomes: labor force participation; employment, conditional on labor force participation; and working full-time conditional on being employed. Because no attempt was made to control for potential endogeneity between the labor market outcomes and the psychiatric profiles, we are unable to establish the causal direction of the associations estimated. First, anxiety disorders among women appear to be associated with labor market outcomes (e.g., anxiety profile in employment outcome: OR=0.76, p<.05). Second, for employment among women large effects were seen for mood disorder and mood and anxiety; in contrast for men, these disorder profiles had significant associations with working full-time rather than employment. Third, for women, of the three labor market outcomes, employment status is particularly sensitive to the profiles of disorders. For men, no such pattern was found for any single labor market outcome. Concurrent psychiatric disorder profiles affect men and women differently in the labor market. The greatest differences are in (i) the relationship between labor market outcomes and profiles exhibiting anxiety disorders, and (ii) which labor market outcomes are influenced

Education and Female Labor Force Participation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Psacharopoulos, George; Tzannatos, Zafiris

Statistics have created an arbitrary, confusing distinction between a labor force participant and an nonparticipant; women were relegated to a second class employment citizenship that failed to recognize household production and assigned them a lower participation rate relative to males. Despite these shortcomings, such statistics can prove…

New Evidence on Teacher Labor Supply

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engel, Mimi; Jacob, Brian A.; Curran, F. Chris

2014-01-01

Recent evidence on the large variance in teacher effectiveness has spurred interest in teacher labor markets. Research documents that better qualified teachers typically work in more advantaged schools but cannot determine the relative importance of supply versus demand. To isolate teacher preferences, we document which schools prospective…

24 CFR 585.313 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

...) Laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild Trainees. (1) All laborers and mechanics (other than... such laborers and mechanics on assisted housing shall be subject to the provisions of the Contract Work... standards apply to laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild trainees to the extent required by the other...

24 CFR 585.313 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

...) Laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild Trainees. (1) All laborers and mechanics (other than... such laborers and mechanics on assisted housing shall be subject to the provisions of the Contract Work... standards apply to laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild trainees to the extent required by the other...

24 CFR 585.313 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...) Laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild Trainees. (1) All laborers and mechanics (other than... such laborers and mechanics on assisted housing shall be subject to the provisions of the Contract Work... standards apply to laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild trainees to the extent required by the other...

24 CFR 585.313 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...) Laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild Trainees. (1) All laborers and mechanics (other than... such laborers and mechanics on assisted housing shall be subject to the provisions of the Contract Work... standards apply to laborers and mechanics other than Youthbuild trainees to the extent required by the other...

24 CFR 570.603 - Labor standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Labor standards. 570.603 Section... DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BLOCK GRANTS Other Program Requirements § 570.603 Labor standards. (a) Section 110(a) of the Act contains labor standards that apply to nonvolunteer labor financed...

Overcoming the challenges: maternal movement and positioning to facilitate labor progress.

PubMed

Zwelling, Elaine

2010-01-01

The benefits of maternal movement and position changes to facilitate labor progress have been discussed in the literature for decades. Recent routine interventions such as amniotomy, induction, fetal monitoring, and epidural anesthesia, as well as an increase in maternal obesity, have made position changes during labor challenging. The lack of maternal changes in position throughout labor can contribute to dystocia and increase the risk of cesarean births for failure to progress or descend. This article provides a historical review of the research findings related to the effects of maternal positioning on the labor process and uses six physiological principles as a framework to offer suggestions for maternal positioning both before and after epidural anesthesia.

Returning migrant characteristics and labor market demand in Greece.

PubMed

Petras, E M; Kousis, M

1988-01-01

Immigrants who repatriate bring with them modern work skills which many observers in labor exporting regions describe as a great contribution to the mother country. Using data from 2 samples of Greek repatriates as well as projections of industrial labor force demands in Greece for the 1980s, this article challenges this concept. The authors find that the uneven regional development and stunted industrial growth which pushed these workers abroad are also responsible for the narrowly limited employment options which they face once they repatriate. For the urban repatriate, the market is limited to unemployment, the urban informal sector and scattered jobs, while for the rural repatriate, small-scale agriculture, multiple job holdings and unemployment are the only viable options.

29 CFR 1975.2 - Basis of authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) COVERAGE OF EMPLOYERS UNDER THE WILLIAMS-STEIGER OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT OF 1970 § 1975.2 Basis... Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, is derived mainly from the Commerce Clause of the Constitution...

DYSREGULATION OF MATERNAL SERUM ADIPONECTIN IN PRETERM LABOR

PubMed Central

Mazaki-Tovi, Shali; Romero, Roberto; Vaisbuch, Edi; Erez, Offer; Mittal, Pooja; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Kim, Sun Kwon; Pacora, Percy; Yeo, Lami; Gotsch, Francesca; Dong, Zhong; Nhan-Chang, Chia-Ling; Jodicke, Cristiano; Yoon, Bo Hyun; Hassan, Sonia S.; Kusanovic, Juan Pedro

2013-01-01

maternal age, BMI, gestational age at sampling, and parity. Conclusion 1) Preterm labor is characterized by a change in the profile of adiponectin multimers concentrations and their relative isoforms. These changes were observed in patients with an episode of preterm labor not leading to preterm delivery, in patients with intra-amniotic inflammation, or in those without evidence of intra-amniotic inflammation; 2) The changes in adiponectin multimer concentrations reported in preterm labor are different from those previously reported in spontaneous labor at term, suggesting that there is a fundamental difference between preterm labor and labor at term; 3) The findings reported herein, provide the first evidence for the participation of adiponectin multimer in preterm parturition. We propose that adiponectins and adipokines in general provide a mechanism to organize the metabolic demands generated by the process of preterm parturition regardless of the nature of the insult (intra-amniotic inflammation or not). PMID:19579094

The Volatile Teenage Labor Market: Labor Force Entry, Exit, and Unemployment Flows.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Ralph E.; Vanski, Jean E.

1979-01-01

Alerts researchers to the potential value and limitations of the gross flow data published in the Department of Labor's Current Population Survey (CPS). Reports on research which used CPS data to analyze patterns of teenage unemployment and labor force participation. (PR)

Labor Education in America

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carlson, Kenneth D.

1971-01-01

Labor education reflects the pragmaticism of American culture and supports the system. It emphasizes leadership training, loyalty building, and political education. The control of labor education is centralized in union headquarters. (VW)

Association of Labor Induction With Offspring Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders

PubMed Central

Oberg, Anna Sara; D’Onofrio, Brian M.; Rickert, Martin E.; Hernandez-Diaz, Sonia; Ecker, Jeffrey L.; Almqvist, Catarina; Larsson, Henrik; Lichtenstein, Paul; Bateman, Brian T.

2017-01-01

IMPORTANCE Induction of labor is a frequently performed obstetrical intervention. It would thus be of great concern if reported associations between labor induction and offspring risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) reflected causal influence. OBJECTIVE To assess the associations of labor induction with ASD, comparing differentially exposed relatives (siblings and cousins discordant for induction). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Follow-up of all live births in Sweden between 1992 and 2005, defined in the Medical Birth Register. The register was linked to population registers of familial relations, inpatient and outpatient visits, and education records. Diagnoses of ASD were from 2001 through 2013, and data were analyzed in the 2015–2016 year. EXPOSURES Induction of labor. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Autism spectrum disorders identified by diagnoses from inpatient and outpatient records between 2001 and 2013. Hazard ratios (HRs) quantified the association between labor induction and offspring ASD. In addition to considering a wide range of measured confounders, comparison of exposure-discordant births to the same woman allowed additional control for all unmeasured factors shared by siblings. RESULTS The full cohort included 1 362 950 births, of which 22 077 offspring (1.6%) were diagnosed with ASD by ages 8 years through 21 years. In conventional models of the full cohort, associations between labor induction and offspring ASD were attenuated but remained statistically significant after adjustment for measured potential confounders (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.13–1.24). When comparison was made within siblings whose births were discordant with respect to induction, thus accounting for all environmental and genetic factors shared by siblings, labor induction was no longer associated with offspring ASD (HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.88–1.10). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this nationwide sample of live births we observed no association between induction of labor and offspring

Effects of Patient-Controlled Epidural Analgesia on Uterine Electromyography During Spontaneous Onset of Labor in Term Nulliparous Women.

PubMed

Ye, Yuanjuan; Song, Xingrong; Liu, Lei; Shi, Shao-Qing; Garfield, Robert E; Zhang, Guozheng; Liu, Huishu

2015-11-01

To investigate the effect of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on uterine electromyography (EMG) activity in term pregnant women during labor. Nulliparous pregnant women in spontaneous term labor (N = 30) were enrolled (PCEA group, n = 20 and control group, n = 10). Five time periods (30 minutes each) were defined for noninvasive abdominal recordings and analysis of uterine EMG activity, that is, period I: before PCEA treatment with 2-cm cervical dilation; periods II to IV: each period successively at 30, 60, and 120 minutes after PCEA; and period V: second stage of labor with cervix at 10 cm dilation. Control patients without PCEA were monitored during the same times. The number of bursts/30 min, power density spectrum peak frequency, mean amplitude, and duration of uterine EMG bursts were measured to assess uterine EMG activity. Maternal, fetal, and labor characteristics were also recorded. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by other tests. Electromyography parameters are significantly lower (P < .001) after PCEA (periods II to IV) compared to controls but similar between groups by period V (P > .05). Also, patients with PCEA have a slower rate of cervical dilation (P < .003, period IV only) and longer labor in both stage 1 and stage 2 (P < .05). All patients have similar (P > .05) positive labor outcomes. Patient-controlled epidural analgesia initially suppresses uterine EMG and slows cervical dilation thereby prolonging labor. However, the EMG activity recovers with labor progress with no effects on delivery outcomes. © The Author(s) 2015.

76 FR 22921 - Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Forced or Indentured Child Labor in the Production of Goods in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-25

... Production of Goods in Foreign Countries and Efforts by Certain Countries to Eliminate the Worst Forms of... eliminate the worst forms of child labor.'' Title II of the TDA and the TDA Conference Report, Joint... ``[w]hether the country has implemented its commitments to eliminate the worst forms of child labor as...

Globalization and the marginalization of unskilled labor: potential impacts on health in developed nations.

PubMed

Ostry, Aleck Samuel

2009-01-01

The objective of this investigation was to determine the impacts of economic globalization on labor markets and outline potential pathways for these changes to affect health status in industrialized nations. A systematic review of the economic globalization and health literature revealed that, under the impact of globalization and market deregulation, the past 25 years have witnessed de-industrialization, shifts to nontraditional, insecure work arrangements, and relatively high levels of unemployment in most developed nations. This has occurred in the context of hypermobility of capital, relative immobility of labor, and declining market position for unskilled labor. Such structural changes in the labor markets in conjunction with shifts in educational opportunities and requirements have resulted in the increasing marginalization of unskilled workers from the labor market. Aside from direct effects on health due to the threat and experience of unemployment, and given that income inequality within nations is a main driver of national health status, lowered relative wages for the unskilled will probably affect national health status through increased income inequality.

10 CFR 440.19 - Labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Labor. 440.19 Section 440.19 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.19 Labor. Payments for labor... supplement wages paid to training participants, public service employment workers, or other Federal or State...

31 CFR 542.519 - Transactions related to telecommunications and mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... telecommunications and mail authorized. 542.519 Section 542.519 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to... related to telecommunications and mail authorized. (a)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, all transactions with respect to the receipt and transmission of telecommunications involving...

Analysis of labor employment assessment on production machine to minimize time production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hernawati, Tri; Suliawati; Sari Gumay, Vita

2018-03-01

Every company both in the field of service and manufacturing always trying to pass efficiency of it’s resource use. One resource that has an important role is labor. Labor has different efficiency levels for different jobs anyway. Problems related to the optimal allocation of labor that has different levels of efficiency for different jobs are called assignment problems, which is a special case of linear programming. In this research, Analysis of Labor Employment Assesment on Production Machine to Minimize Time Production, in PT PDM is done by using Hungarian algorithm. The aim of the research is to get the assignment of optimal labor on production machine to minimize time production. The results showed that the assignment of existing labor is not suitable because the time of completion of the assignment is longer than the assignment by using the Hungarian algorithm. By applying the Hungarian algorithm obtained time savings of 16%.

Is Child Labor a Barrier to School Enrollment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries?

PubMed Central

Putnick, Diane L.; Bornstein, Marc H.

2015-01-01

Achieving universal primary education is one of the Millennium Development Goals. In low- and middle-income developing countries (LMIC), child labor may be a barrier. Few multi-country, controlled studies of the relations between different kinds of child labor and schooling are available. This study employs 186,795 families with 7- to 14-year-old children in 30 LMIC to explore relations of children’s work outside the home, family work, and household chores with school enrollment. Significant negative relations emerged between each form of child labor and school enrollment, but relations were more consistent for family work and household chores than work outside the home. All relations were moderated by country and sometimes by gender. These differentiated findings have nuanced policy implications. PMID:26034342

Tips for labor coaches

MedlinePlus

... some tips for getting prepared. Before the big day Arrives Labor coaches should go to childbirth classes ... get through her labor and delivery. When the day Arrives You might be at the hospital for ...

Effects of SP6 Acupuncture Point Stimulation on Labor Pain and Duration of Labor

PubMed Central

Yesilcicek Calik, Kiymet; Komurcu, Nuran

2014-01-01

Background: Acupressure has been used frequently to improve labor, manage labor pain, and shorten delivery time. However, there has been little research-based evidence to support the positive effects of acupressure in the obstetric area and obstetric nursing. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SP6 acupressure on labor pain and delivery time in primigravida women in labor. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted at the Trabzon Maternity Hospital in Turkey. Its design was a randomized controlled clinical trial study using a single-blinded method. One hundred (100) primigravida women in labor were randomly assigned to either the SP6 acupressure (n = 50) or control group (n = 50). Acupressure was practiced 35 times in total on the SP6 point of both legs in the SP6 acupressure group; 15 times (during contraction) when cervical dilation was 2-3 cm, 10 times when cervical dilation was 5-6 cm and 10 times at 9-10 cm dilation, while the women in the control group received standard care. Labor pain was measured five times using a structured questionnaire of a subjective labor pain scale (visual analogue scale-VAS) when dilation was 2-3 cm (VAS 2), 5-6 cm (VAS 3) and 8-9 cm (VAS 4) before and after acupressure was applied to the SP6 point (VAS 1), and finally at the early postpartum period (VAS 5). The duration of labor in both groups was measured with a partograph and the length of delivery time was calculated in two stages: from 3 cm cervical dilation to full cervical dilation, and from full cervical dilation to delivery. Results: There were significant differences between the groups in subjective labor pain scores (except VAS 4) (P < 0.001). The duration of the Phase one (3 cm dilatation to full dilatation) and Phase two (full dilatation to birth) in the acupressure group was shorter than the control group (Phase one, 225 min and 320 min, respectively; Phase two, 15 min and 20 min, respectively; both P < 0.001). Conclusions: It was

Labor Force Participation in Formal Work-Related Education in 2000-01. Statistical Analysis Report. NCES 2005-048

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hudson, Lisa; Bhandari, Rajika; Peter, Katharin; Bills, David B.

2005-01-01

Of the many purposes education serves in society, one of the most important is to prepare people for work. In today's economy, education is important not just to help adults enter the labor market, but also to ensure that adults remain marketable throughout their working lives. This report examines how adults in the labor force use formal…

76 FR 48901 - Office of Trade and Labor Affairs; National Advisory Committee for Labor Provisions of U.S. Free...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-09

...Pursuant to the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), as amended, 5. U.S.C. App. 2, the Office of Trade and Labor Affairs (OTLA) gives notice of a meeting of the National Advisory Committee for Labor Provisions of U.S. Free Trade Agreements (``Committee'' or ``NAC''), which was established by the Secretary of Labor. The purpose of the meeting is to provide advice to the Secretary of Labor through the Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) concerning the implementation of the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC)--the labor side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)--and the labor provisions of free trade agreements.

75 FR 55355 - Delegation of Authority and Assignment of Responsibility

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-10

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Office of the Secretary Delegation of Authority and Assignment of Responsibility Secretary's Order 4-2010 Subject: Delegation of Authority and Assignment of Responsibility to the... delegations and assignments in full force and effect, except as expressly modified herein. 4. Delegation of...

31 CFR 538.513 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 538.513 Section 538.513 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... mail is limited to personal communications not involving a transfer of anything of value. ...

31 CFR 538.513 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 538.513 Section 538.513 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... mail is limited to personal communications not involving a transfer of anything of value. ...

31 CFR 538.513 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 538.513 Section 538.513 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... mail is limited to personal communications not involving a transfer of anything of value. ...

31 CFR 538.513 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 538.513 Section 538.513 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... mail is limited to personal communications not involving a transfer of anything of value. ...

31 CFR 538.513 - Transactions related to mail authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Transactions related to mail authorized. 538.513 Section 538.513 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... mail is limited to personal communications not involving a transfer of anything of value. ...

The Division of Household Labor: Longitudinal Changes and Within-Couple Variation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lam, Chun Bun; McHale, Susan M.; Crouter, Ann C.

2012-01-01

This study examined how the division of household labor changed as a function of marital duration and whether within-couple variation in spouses' relative power and availability were linked to within-couple variation in the division of labor. On 4 occasions over 7 years, 188 stably married couples reported on their housework activities using daily…

The best encouraging persons in labor: A content analysis of Iranian mothers' experiences of labor support

PubMed Central

Fathi Najafi, Tahereh; Latifnejad Roudsari, Robab; Ebrahimipour, Hossein

2017-01-01

Background and aims The process of giving birth is very stressing for the mother. Meanwhile, maternity ward staff’s lack of awareness of mothers’ fears make mothers feel lonely and helpless. This study aimed to explore women’s perceptions of labor support during vaginal delivery. Materials and methods This exploratory qualitative study used qualitative content analysis to explore Iranian mothers’ experiences of labor support. Data were collected using observations and semi-structured interviews with 25 individuals. The participants were recruited through a purposive sampling method. Results Three categories, including “involvement of the spouse in the labor process”, “asking for a companion during labor”, and “mother’s self-care to cope with labor pain”, emerged during data analysis. These categories were merged to form the main theme of “trying to comply with the labor process”. Conclusion Women believed that the presence of a companion, e.g. their husband, a family member, or a doula, during labor helped them better deal with the labor process, particularly when they felt lonely. Health care providers are expected to consider the needs of mothers and try to provide holistic support for mothers during labor pain. Implications for practice It seems that some mothers adopted particular coping strategies without receiving any relevant training. It is noteworthy that although mothers may make every effort to minimize their pain, health professionals should also practice medical approaches to help them through the process of labor. PMID:28683112