Effective career ladders.

PubMed

Bryant, B; Rabbitts, D; Shover, J; Torres, M; VanDerHeyden, B; Violand-Jones, S

1992-01-01

Motivation, quality improvement, productivity enhancement. These are just some of the benefits of an effective career ladder program. The key term here is effective. It is easy for laboratory personnel to stagnate professionally if they do not have a career ladder program, but it is even easier for them to become frustrated--even cynical--over a program that fails to live up to its expectations to encourage, support, and reward professional advancement. If you have been looking form some ideas to get your own career ladder program off the ground, the following responses from your colleagues may help as CLMR asks: What makes your career ladder program effective?

Design concepts for a high-impedance narrow-band 42 GHz power TWT using a fundamental/forward ladder-based circuit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karp, A.

1980-01-01

A low-cost, narrowband, millimeter wave space communications TWT design was studied. Cold test interaction structure scale models were investigated and analyses were undertaken to predict the electrical and thermal response of the hypothetical 200 W TWT at 42 GHz and 21 kV beam voltage. An intentionally narrow instantaneous bandwidth (1%, with the possibility of electronic tuning of the center frequency over several percent) was sought with a highly dispersive, high impedance "forward wave' interaction structure based on a ladder (for economy in fabrication) and nonspace harmonic interaction, for a high gain rate and a short, economically focused tube. The "TunneLadder' interaction structure devised combines ladder properties with accommodation for a pencil beam. Except for the impedance and bandwidth, there is much in common with the millimeter wave helix TWTs which provided the ideal of diamond support rods. The benefits of these are enhanced in the TunneLadder case because of spatial separation of beam interception and RF current heating.

The one step fermionic ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Das, Joy Prakash; Setlur, Girish S.

2017-10-01

The one step fermionic ladder refers to two parallel Luttinger Liquids (poles of the ladder) placed such that there is a finite probability of electrons hopping between the two poles at a pair of opposing points along each of the poles. The many-body Green function for such a system is calculated in presence of forward scattering interactions using the powerful non-chiral bosonization technique (NCBT). This technique is based on a non-standard harmonic analysis of the rapidly varying parts of the density fields appropriate for the study of strongly inhomogeneous ladder systems. The closed analytical expression for the correlation function obtained from NCBT is nothing but the series involving the RPA (Random Phase Approximation) diagrams in powers of the forward scattering coupling strength resummed to include only the most singular terms with the source of inhomogeneities treated exactly. Finally the correlation functions are used to study physical phenomena such as Friedel oscillations and the conductance of such systems with the potential difference applied across various ends.

The Health Services Mobility Study Method of Task Analysis and Curriculum Design. Research Report No. 11. Volume 3: Using the Computer to Develop Job Ladders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilpatrick, Eleanor

This document is volume 3 of a four-volume report which describes the components of the Health Services Mobility Study (HSMS) method of task analysis, job ladder design, and curriculum development. Divided into four chapters, volume 3 is a manual for using HSMS computer based statistical procedures to design job structures and job ladders. Chapter…

A Phenomenological Examination of Virtual Game Developers' Experiences Using Jacob's Ladder Pre-Production Design Tactic

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown-Turner, Jasmine

2017-01-01

Edutainment refers to curriculum and instruction designed with a clear educational purpose, including multi-faceted virtual learning game design. Tools such as the Jacob's Ladder pre-production design tactic have been developed to ensure that voices of both engineers and educators are heard. However, it is unclear how development team members…

29 CFR 1917.119 - Portable ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Requirements for Portable Reinforced Plastic Ladders (d) Standards for job-made portable ladders. Job-made... usage. (1) Ladders made by fastening rungs or devices across a single rail are prohibited. (2) Ladders...

29 CFR 1918.23 - Jacob's ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... ladder. (d) When a Jacob's ladder is being used so that there is a danger of an employee falling or being... ladders. (a) Jacob's ladders shall be of the double rung or flat tread type. They shall be well maintained... pulled up entirely. (c) When a Jacob's ladder is used as the means of access to a barge being worked...

29 CFR 1917.118 - Fixed ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... tubular scaffold framing; and (4) Ladders used only for fire-fighting or emergency purposes. (b... a ladder, including individual rung ladders, permanently attached to a structure, building or piece... walls of the well. (c) Defects. (1) Ladders with broken, split or missing rungs, steps or rails, broken...

29 CFR 1917.118 - Fixed ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... tubular scaffold framing; and (4) Ladders used only for fire-fighting or emergency purposes. (b... a ladder, including individual rung ladders, permanently attached to a structure, building or piece... walls of the well. (c) Defects. (1) Ladders with broken, split or missing rungs, steps or rails, broken...

29 CFR 1917.118 - Fixed ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... tubular scaffold framing; and (4) Ladders used only for fire-fighting or emergency purposes. (b... a ladder, including individual rung ladders, permanently attached to a structure, building or piece... walls of the well. (c) Defects. (1) Ladders with broken, split or missing rungs, steps or rails, broken...

29 CFR 1917.119 - Portable ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... (CONTINUED) MARINE TERMINALS Terminal Facilities § 1917.119 Portable ladders. (a) Scope and applicability... Requirements for Portable Reinforced Plastic Ladders (d) Standards for job-made portable ladders. Job-made...

29 CFR 1915.72 - Ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...). (b) Construction of portable wood cleated ladders up to 30 feet in length. (1) Wood side rails shall... shall be at least 25/32×33/4 inches in cross section. (c) Construction of portable wood cleated ladders... split side rails, or other faulty or defective construction is prohibited. When ladders with such...

Strength Analysis on Ship Ladder Using Finite Element Method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Budianto; Wahyudi, M. T.; Dinata, U.; Ruddianto; Eko P., M. M.

2018-01-01

In designing the ship’s structure, it should refer to the rules in accordance with applicable classification standards. In this case, designing Ladder (Staircase) on a Ferry Ship which is set up, it must be reviewed based on the loads during ship operations, either during sailing or at port operations. The classification rules in ship design refer to the calculation of the structure components described in Classification calculation method and can be analysed using the Finite Element Method. Classification Regulations used in the design of Ferry Ships used BKI (Bureau of Classification Indonesia). So the rules for the provision of material composition in the mechanical properties of the material should refer to the classification of the used vessel. The analysis in this structure used program structure packages based on Finite Element Method. By using structural analysis on Ladder (Ladder), it obtained strength and simulation structure that can withstand load 140 kg both in static condition, dynamic, and impact. Therefore, the result of the analysis included values of safety factors in the ship is to keep the structure safe but the strength of the structure is not excessive.

29 CFR 1926.1053 - Ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... plastic ladder shall sustain at least 3.3 times the maximum intended load. The ability of a ladder to... that each extra-heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladders shall sustain at least 3.3 times the... parapet is cut to permit passage through the parapet; if the parapet is continuous, the access level shall...

46 CFR 108.160 - Vertical ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Construction and Arrangement Means of Escape § 108.160 Vertical ladders. (a) Each vertical ladder must have... vertical fixed ladders may be made of wood. [CGD 73-251, 43 FR 56808, Dec. 4, 1978, as amended by USCG-2002...

Evaluation through research of a three-track career ladder program for registered nurses.

PubMed

Korman, Carol; Eliades, Aris Beoglos

2010-01-01

A descriptive study design was employed to survey registered nurse participants in a career ladder program comprising of three tracks: clinical, education, and management. Findings indicate that participation allows nurses of varying education preparation and roles to demonstrate professional development. Implications for staff development include efficacy of the online survey technique, provision of a reliable tool to evaluate a career ladder, and evaluation of a career ladder that includes the staff development educator.

Investigation of electronic transport through a ladder-like graphene nanoribbon including random distributed impurities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Esmaili, Esmat; Mardaani, Mohammad; Rabani, Hassan

2018-01-01

The electronic transport of a ladder-like graphene nanoribbon which the on-site or hopping energies of a small part of it can be random is modeled by using the Green's function technique within the nearest neighbor tight-binding approach. We employ a unitary transformation in order to convert the Hamiltonian of the nanoribbon to the Hamiltonian of a tight-binding ladder-like network. In this case, the disturbed part of the system includes the second neighbor hopping interactions. While, the converted Hamiltonian of each ideal part is equivalent to the Hamiltonian of two periodic on-site chains. Therefore, we can insert the self-energies of the alternative on-site tight-binding chains to the inverse of the Green's function matrix of the ladder-like part. In this viewpoint, the conductance is constructed from two trans and cis contributions. The results show that increasing the disorder strength causes the increase and decrease of the conductance of the trans and cis contributions, respectively.

The Ladder of Life Detection.

PubMed

Neveu, Marc; Hays, Lindsay E; Voytek, Mary A; New, Michael H; Schulte, Mitchell D

2018-06-04

We describe the history and features of the Ladder of Life Detection, a tool intended to guide the design of investigations to detect microbial life within the practical constraints of robotic space missions. To build the Ladder, we have drawn from lessons learned from previous attempts at detecting life and derived criteria for a measurement (or suite of measurements) to constitute convincing evidence for indigenous life. We summarize features of life as we know it, how specific they are to life, and how they can be measured, and sort these features in a general sense based on their likelihood of indicating life. Because indigenous life is the hypothesis of last resort in interpreting life-detection measurements, we propose a small but expandable set of decision rules determining whether the abiotic hypothesis is disproved. In light of these rules, we evaluate past and upcoming attempts at life detection. The Ladder of Life Detection is not intended to endorse specific biosignatures or instruments for life-detection measurements, and is by no means a definitive, final product. It is intended as a starting point to stimulate discussion, debate, and further research on the characteristics of life, what constitutes a biosignature, and the means to measure them. Key Words: Life detection-Life-detection instruments-Biosignatures-Biomarkers. Astrobiology 18, xxx-xxx.

46 CFR 116.438 - Stairtowers, stairways, ladders, and elevators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

.... (1) Stairways, stairtowers, ladders, elevators, and landings must be designed with sufficient... accommodation spaces: Designed capacity; (ii) Accommodation spaces having fixed seating for passengers: Maximum seating capacity; (iii) Public spaces, including spaces such as casinos, restaurants, club rooms, and...

Literature Ladders: Linking Books and Internet Resources.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lamb, Annette

2001-01-01

Describes Literature Learning Ladders, a project that uses books for children and young adults as the focal point for technology-rich thematic activities. Explains the use of Internet Web sites to find book information as well as sties that demonstrate how resources can be used as part of technology-based classroom activities. (LRW)

A millimeter-wave tunneLadder TWT

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jacquez, A.; Karp, A.; Wilson, D.; Scott, A.

1988-01-01

A millimeter wave traveling wave tube was developed using a dispersive, high impedance forward interaction structure based on a ladder, with non-space harmonic interaction, for a tube with high gain per unit length and high efficiency. The TunneLadder interaction structure combines ladder properties modified to accommodate Pierce gun beam optics in a radially magnetized permanent magnet focusing structure. The development involved the fabrication of chemically milled, shaped ladders diffusion brazed to diamond cubes which are in turn active-diffusion brazed to each ridge of a doubly ridged waveguide. Cold test data are presented, representing the omega-beta and impedance characteristics of the modified ladder circuit. These results were used in small and large signal computer programs to predict TWT gain and efficiency. Actual data from tested tubes verify the predicted performance while providing broader bandwidth than expected.

Getting Clever with the Sliding Ladder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De, Subhranil

2014-01-01

The familiar system involving a uniform ladder sliding against a vertical wall and a horizontal floor is considered again. The floor is taken to be smooth and the wall to be possibly rough--a situation where no matter how large the static friction coefficient between the ladder and the wall, the ladder cannot lean at rest and must slide down.…

30 CFR 56.11006 - Fixed ladder landings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Fixed ladder landings. 56.11006 Section 56....11006 Fixed ladder landings. Fixed ladders shall project at least 3 feet above landings, or subtantial handholds shall be provided above the landings. ...

30 CFR 56.11006 - Fixed ladder landings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fixed ladder landings. 56.11006 Section 56....11006 Fixed ladder landings. Fixed ladders shall project at least 3 feet above landings, or subtantial handholds shall be provided above the landings. ...

29 CFR 1910.25 - Portable wood ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Walking-Working Surfaces § 1910.25 Portable wood ladders. (a... safety under normal conditions of usage. Other types of special ladders, fruitpicker's ladders...

30 CFR 57.11006 - Fixed ladder landings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fixed ladder landings. 57.11006 Section 57... Escapeways Travelways-Surface and Underground § 57.11006 Fixed ladder landings. Fixed ladders shall project at least 3 feet above landings, or substantial handholds shall be provided above the landings. ...

30 CFR 57.11006 - Fixed ladder landings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Fixed ladder landings. 57.11006 Section 57... Escapeways Travelways-Surface and Underground § 57.11006 Fixed ladder landings. Fixed ladders shall project at least 3 feet above landings, or substantial handholds shall be provided above the landings. ...

46 CFR 108.167 - Weather deck ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Weather deck ladders. 108.167 Section 108.167 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Means of Escape § 108.167 Weather deck ladders. Each unit must have at least one permanent, inclined ladder between each weather deck. Classified Locations ...

46 CFR 108.167 - Weather deck ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Weather deck ladders. 108.167 Section 108.167 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Means of Escape § 108.167 Weather deck ladders. Each unit must have at least one permanent, inclined ladder between each weather deck. Classified Locations ...

46 CFR 108.167 - Weather deck ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Weather deck ladders. 108.167 Section 108.167 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Means of Escape § 108.167 Weather deck ladders. Each unit must have at least one permanent, inclined ladder between each weather deck. Classified Locations ...

46 CFR 108.167 - Weather deck ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Weather deck ladders. 108.167 Section 108.167 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Means of Escape § 108.167 Weather deck ladders. Each unit must have at least one permanent, inclined ladder between each weather deck. Classified Locations ...

46 CFR 108.167 - Weather deck ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Weather deck ladders. 108.167 Section 108.167 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Construction and Arrangement Means of Escape § 108.167 Weather deck ladders. Each unit must have at least one permanent, inclined ladder between each weather deck. Classified Locations ...

29 CFR 1910.25 - Portable wood ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 5 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Portable wood ladders. 1910.25 Section 1910.25 Labor... OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Walking-Working Surfaces § 1910.25 Portable wood ladders. (a... for the construction, care, and use of the common types of portable wood ladders, in order to insure...

29 CFR 1910.25 - Portable wood ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 5 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Portable wood ladders. 1910.25 Section 1910.25 Labor... OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Walking-Working Surfaces § 1910.25 Portable wood ladders. (a... for the construction, care, and use of the common types of portable wood ladders, in order to insure...

Climbing the Ladder: Experience with Developing a Large Group Genetic Counselor Career Ladder at Children's National Health System.

PubMed

Kofman, Laura; Seprish, Mary Beth; Summar, Marshall

2016-08-01

Children's National Health System (CNHS) is a not-for-profit pediatric hospital that employs around twenty genetic counselors in a range of specialties, including clinical pediatric, neurology, fetal medicine, research, and laboratory. CNHS lacked a structured system of advancement for their genetic counselors; therefore, a formal career ladder was proposed by the genetic counselors based on years of experience, responsibility, and job performance. This career ladder utilized monetary, academic, and seniority incentives to encourage advancement and continue employment at CNHS. The creation and ultimate approval of the career ladder required direct input from genetic counselors, Department Chairs, and Human Resource personnel. The establishment of a genetic counselor career ladder at CNHS will hopefully benefit the profession of genetic counselors as a whole and allow other facilities to create and maintain their own career ladder to meet the needs of the growing, competitive, field of genetic counseling.

Effect of risk ladder format on risk perception in high- and low-numerate individuals.

PubMed

Keller, Carmen; Siegrist, Michael; Visschers, Vivianne

2009-09-01

Utilizing a random sample from the general population (N= 257), we examined the effect of the radon risk ladder on risk perception, as qualified by respondents' numeracy. The radon risk ladder provides comparative risk information about the radon equivalent of smoking risk. We compared a risk ladder providing smoking risk information with a risk ladder not providing this information. A 2 (numeracy; high, low) x 3 (risk level; high, medium, low) x 2 (smoking risk comparison: with/without) between subjects experimental design was used. A significant (p < 0.045) three-way interaction between format, risk level, and numeracy was identified. Participants with low numeracy skills, as well as participants with high numeracy skills, generally distinguished between low, medium, and high risk levels when the risk ladder with comparative smoking risk information was presented. When the risk ladder without the comparative information about the smoking risk was presented, low-numerate individuals differentiated between risk levels to a much lesser extent than high-numerate individuals did. These results provide empirical evidence that the risk ladder can be a useful tool in enabling people to interpret various risk levels. Additionally, these results allow us to conclude that providing comparative information within a risk ladder is particularly helpful to the understanding of different risk levels by people with low numeracy skills.

29 CFR 1926.1053 - Ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION Stairways and Ladders § 1926.1053 Ladders. Link to an... structural defects, such as, but not limited to, broken or missing rungs, cleats, or steps, broken or split..., such as, but not limited to, broken or missing rungs, cleats, or steps, broken or split rails, or...

Perspective on rainbow-ladder truncation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Eichmann, G.; Institut fuer Physik, Karl-Franzens-Universitaet Graz, A-8010 Graz; Alkofer, R.

2008-04-15

Prima facie the systematic implementation of corrections to the rainbow-ladder truncation of QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations will uniformly reduce in magnitude those calculated mass-dimensioned results for pseudoscalar and vector meson properties that are not tightly constrained by symmetries. The aim and interpretation of studies employing rainbow-ladder truncation are reconsidered in this light.

Perspective on rainbow-ladder truncation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eichmann, G.; Alkofer, R.; Cloët, I. C.; Krassnigg, A.; Roberts, C. D.

2008-04-01

Prima facie the systematic implementation of corrections to the rainbow-ladder truncation of QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations will uniformly reduce in magnitude those calculated mass-dimensioned results for pseudoscalar and vector meson properties that are not tightly constrained by symmetries. The aim and interpretation of studies employing rainbow-ladder truncation are reconsidered in this light.

Effects of ladder parameters on asymmetric patterns of force exertion during below-knee amputees climbing ladders.

PubMed

Li, Weidong; Li, Shiqi; Fu, Yan; Chen, Jacon

2017-03-01

Different from walking, ladder climbing requires four-limb coordination and more energy exertion for below-knee amputees (BKAs). We hypothesized that functional deficiency of a disabled limb shall be compensated by the other three intact limbs, showing an asymmetry pattern among limbs. Hand and foot forces of six below-knee amputees and six able-bodied people were collected. Hand, foot and hand/foot sum force variances between groups (non-BKA, intact side and prosthetic side) were carefully examined. Our hypothesis was validated that there is asymmetry between prosthetic and intact side. Results further showed that the ipsilateral hand of the prosthetic leg is stronger than the hand on the intact side, compensating weakness of the prosthetic leg. Effects of ladder rung separations and ladder slant on asymmetric force distribution of BKAs were evaluated, indicating that rung separation has a more significant interactive effect on hand/foot force of BKAs than ladder slant.

Multimode and multistate ladder oscillator and frequency recognition device

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aumann, Herbert M. (Inventor)

1976-01-01

A ladder oscillator composed of capacitive and inductive impedances connected together to form a ladder network which has a chosen number N oscillation modes at N different frequencies. Each oscillation mode is characterized by a unique standing wave voltage pattern along the nodes of the ladder oscillator, with the mode in which the ladder oscillator is oscillating being determinable from the amplitudes or phase of the oscillations at the nodes. A logic circuit may be connected to the nodes of the oscillator to compare the phases of selected nodes and thereby determine which mode the oscillator is oscillating in. A ladder oscillator composed of passive capacitive and inductive impedances can be utilized as a frequency recognition device, since the passive ladder oscillator will display the characteristic standing wave patterns if an input signal impressed upon the ladder oscillator is close to one of the mode frequencies of the oscillator. A CL ladder oscillator having series capacitive impedances and shunt inductive impedances can exhibit sustained and autonomous oscillations if active nonlinear devices are connected in parallel with the shunt inductive impedances. The active CL ladder oscillator can be synchronized to input frequencies impressed upon the oscillator, and will continue to oscillate after the input signal has been removed at a mode frequency which is, in general, nearest to the input signal frequency. Autonomous oscillations may also be obtained as desired from the active CL ladder oscillator at the mode frequencies.

A clinical ladder for occupational health nurses.

PubMed

Lang, Yolanda C

2010-06-01

Occupational health nurses must have a growing, expanding knowledge base to remain current in practice. The American Board for Occupational Health Nurses, Inc. encourages advancement with the availability of certification examinations. Health care centers support clinical advancement programs for bedside nurses. Nurses who continue their education either through a degree program or via continuing education or certification advance up the clinical ladder, receiving a higher salary, recognition from their peers, and perhaps even financial assistance to continue climbing, yet occupational health nurses do not have their own clinical advancement ladder. This article examines the steps necessary to develop a clinical ladder and presents a clinical ladder specific to occupational health nursing developed by the author. Copyright 2010, SLACK Incorporated.

Careers Under Construction: Models for Developing Career Ladders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

2003

This publication describes resources and processes that are a catalyst for discussion and action for local workforce investment partners--employers, training providers, and workers--to plan and implement regional career ladder programs. Section 1 discusses career ladders and uses. Section 2 describes how to build an industry career ladder or…

Edge currents in frustrated Josephson junction ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marques, A. M.; Santos, F. D. R.; Dias, R. G.

2016-09-01

We present a numerical study of quasi-1D frustrated Josephson junction ladders with diagonal couplings and open boundary conditions, in the large capacitance limit. We derive a correspondence between the energy of this Josephson junction ladder and the expectation value of the Hamiltonian of an analogous tight-binding model, and show how the overall superconducting state of the chain is equivalent to the minimum energy state of the tight-binding model in the subspace of one-particle states with uniform density. To satisfy the constraint of uniform density, the superconducting state of the ladder is written as a linear combination of the allowed k-states of the tight-binding model with open boundaries. Above a critical value of the parameter t (ratio between the intra-rung and inter-rung Josephson couplings) the ladder spontaneously develops currents at the edges, which spread to the bulk as t is increased until complete coverage is reached. Above a certain value of t, which varies with ladder size (t = 1 for an infinite-sized ladder), the edge currents are destroyed. The value t = 1 corresponds, in the tight-binding model, to the opening of a gap between two bands. We argue that the disappearance of the edge currents with this gap opening is not coincidental, and that this points to a topological origin for these edge current states.

Career Ladders and Teacher Incentives: The Utah Experiment. Part I: The Implementation. Final Report: Secretary's Discretionary Program Implementation Grant to Develop Teacher Incentive Structures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Ken; Kauchak, Don

This volume, the first of two reports on development of teacher incentive structures, focuses on implementation of a career ladder design and teacher evaluation experiment in four Utah school districts. The report has five sections. Section 1 describes study background and implementation of an evaluation-reward system that featured data collection…

Television Equipment Repair Career Ladder. Occupational Survey Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Air Force Occupational Measurement Center, Lackland AFB, TX.

The report describes the results of an Air Force occupational survey of the television equipment repair career ladder. A job inventory, administered to 808 job incumbents, consisted of a background information section and a duty-task list designed to assess the relative amount of time spent on tasks performed in current jobs. The resulting…

Dental Laboratory Career Ladder AFS 982X0.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-01

7ADA120 102 AIR FORCE OCCUPATIONAL MEASUREMENT CENTER RANDOLPH AFB TX F/6 Ri9 DENTAL LABORATORY CAREER LADDER AFS 982XO.(U) UNCLASSIFIED NLEEEili E...Eli E~lllllllllEEE EEEEEIIIEEEEEE EIEEEEIIEEEEEE IIIIIIIIIIIIIIlLZ UNITED STATES AIR FORCE 0! DENTAL LABORATORY CAREER LADDER DTlC AFS 982X0 ELEr.L_...LADDER STRUCTURE GROUPS ----------------------------------- 57 APPENDIX B - JOB DESCRIPTIONS FOR BASE AND AREA DENTAL LABORATORY PERSONNEL

Modeling the Sliding/Falling Ladder Paradox

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fox, William P.; Fox, James B.

2003-01-01

Recently we were presented with an interesting twist to the sliding ladder problem viewed in the related rates section of most calculus textbooks. Our problem concerning a sliding ladder that eventually hits the ground. At first, those attempting this problem fell into the calculus trap using only related rates. Previous work for this problem…

Ladder-structured photonic variable delay device

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yao, X. Steve (Inventor)

1998-01-01

An ladder-structured variable delay device for providing variable true time delay to multiple optical beams simultaneously. The device comprises multiple basic units stacked on top of each other resembling a ladder. Each basic unit comprises a polarization sensitive corner reflector formed by two polarization beamsplitters and a polarization rotator array placed parallel to the hypotenuse of the corner reflector. Controlling an array element of the polarization rotator array causes an optical beam passing through the array element to either go up to a basic unit above it or reflect back towards output. The beams going higher on the ladder experience longer optical path delay. Finally, the ladder-structured variable device can be cascaded with another multi-channel delay device to form a new device which combines the advantages of the two individual devices. This programmable optic device has the properties of high packing density, low loss, easy fabrication, and virtually infinite bandwidth. In addition, the delay is reversible so that the same delay device can be used for both antenna transmitting and receiving.

5 CFR 335.104 - Eligibility for career ladder promotion.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Eligibility for career ladder promotion... REGULATIONS PROMOTION AND INTERNAL PLACEMENT General Provisions § 335.104 Eligibility for career ladder promotion. No employee shall receive a career ladder promotion unless his or her current rating of record...

Giant Stark effect in double-stranded porphyrin ladder polymers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pramanik, Anup; Kang, Hong Seok

2011-03-01

Using the first-principles calculations, we have investigated the stability and the electronic structure of two types of recently synthesized one-dimensional nanoribbons, i.e., double-stranded zinc(II) porphyrin ladder polymer (LADDER) arrays. First, electronic structure calculations were used to show that the LADDER is a semiconductor. Most importantly, the application of a transverse electric field significantly reduces the band gap of the LADDER, ultimately converting the LADDER to a metal at a field strength of 0.1 V/Å. The giant Stark effect in this case is almost as strong as that in boron nitride nanotubes and nanoribbons. In the presence of an electric field, hole conduction and electronic conduction will occur entirely through spatially separated strands, rendering these materials useful for nanoelectronic devices. Second, the substitution of hydrogen atoms in the porphyrin units or that of zinc ions with other kinds of chemical species is found to increase the binding strength of the LADDER and reduce the band gap.

46 CFR 190.10-15 - Vertical ladders not accepted.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Vertical ladders not accepted. 190.10-15 Section 190.10-15 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Means of Escape § 190.10-15 Vertical ladders not accepted. (a) Vertical ladders...

Shaping Tennessee's Career Ladder Program--1985. Part 2: Improving Teacher Quality through Incentives Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hadler, Janet R.; Carlson, Deborah L.

Outcomes of Tennessee's Career Ladder Program are presented in this report, with a focus on the early implementation stage and perceptions of teachers and administrators. Methodology involved two sets of interviews with participating teachers and administrators from 18 schools and a statewide survey of 1,039 out of 2,105 faculty from 54 schools.…

Instabilities of coupled Cu2O5 ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schuetz, Florian; Marston, Brad

2008-03-01

The spin-ladder compound Sr14-xCaxCu24O41 has a complex phase diagram including charge-density-wave order as well as unconventional superconductivity under high pressure. Due to its quasi-one-dimensional natureootnotetextS. Lee, J. B. Marston, J. O. Fjaerestad, Phys. Rev. B 72, 075126. fundamental questions about the high-Tc cuprates might be more easily addressed in this context. However, due to the spatial proximity of neighboring ladders inter-ladder Coulomb repulsion as well as hopping between ladders might still be important. Using the functional renormalization groupootnotetextM. Salmhofer and C. Honerkamp, Prog. Theor. Physics 105, 1 (2001). and an analysis of generalized susceptibilities ootnotetextD. Zanchi and H. J. Schulz, Phys. Rev. B 61, 13609 (2000); C. J. Halboth and W. Metzner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 5162 (2000)., we study a model of coupled Cu2O5 ladders ootnotetextK. Wohlfeld, A. M. Oles, and G. A. Sawatzky, Phys. Rev. B 75, 180501(R) (2007).. We investigate instabilities towards charge, spin, and pairing order as a function of hole doping, inter-ladder hopping, and interaction strength starting from experimentally relevant hopping parametersootnotetextT. F. A. Müller, et al., Phys. Rev. B 57, R12655 (1998)..

Ladder polymers for use as high temperature stable resins or coatings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meador, Mary Ann (Inventor)

1990-01-01

An object of the invention is to synthesize a new class of ladder and partial ladder polymers. In accordance with the invention, the new class of ladder and partial ladder polymers are synthesized by polymerizing a bis-dienophile with a bis-diene. Another object of the invention is to provide a fabricated, electrically conducting, void free composite comprising the new class of the ladder and partial ladder polymers described above. The novelty of the invention relates to a new class of ladder and partial ladder polymers and a process for synthesizing these polymers. These polymers are soluble in common organic solvents and are characterized with a unique dehydration property at temperatures of 300 to 400 C to provide thermo-oxidatively stable pentiptycene units along the polymeric backbone. These polymers are further characterized with high softening points and good thermo-oxidative stability properties. Thus these polymers have potential as processable, matrix resins for high temperature composite applications.

Dynamics of a Sliding Ladder Leaning against a Wall

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oliveira, J. B.; Simeão Carvalho, P.; Mota, M. F.; Quintas, M. J.

2015-01-01

This study is about the dynamics of a sliding ladder leaning against a vertical wall. The results are understood by considering the motion divided in two parts: (i) for 0 = t = t[subscript s] with one degree of freedom, and (ii) for t > t[subscript s] with two degrees of freedom, where the separation is determined by the instance t[subscript…

Using career ladders to motivate and retain employees: an implementation success story.

PubMed

Garletts, Joseph A

2002-01-01

In October 2000, Phoenix-based Sonora Quest Laboratories, LLC (SQL), commissioned The Gelfond Group to survey SQL employees. Responding to negative survey scores, SQL developed and implemented an entry-level career ladder for line staff of the specimen management/referral testing department. The program was piloted in February 2001, and was implemented fully shortly thereafter. The ladder was designed to provide job enrichment opportunities through company-conducted training and advancement provisions. It contained requirements for productivity and quality of work performed in addition to increasingly rigorous training and competency documentation. Employees were accountable for their own advancement and for ensuring that all documentation was complete. Advancement was automatic once requirements were completed. Pay increases accompanied each advancement on a predetermined scale. At the end of 12 months, employee turnover dropped from 39% to less than 20% annually. Both productivity and morale improved, and results on a second employee survey indicated dramatic improvement in five key areas. The career ladder concept has been replicated successfully in several other departments, including phlebotomy, and a six-tiered ladder is under development for the clinical laboratory. It will encompass CLA, MLT, and MT positions from entry level to technical coordinator.

Quantifying Ladder Fuels: A New Approach Using LiDAR

Treesearch

Heather Kramer; Brandon Collins; Maggi Kelly; Scott Stephens

2014-01-01

We investigated the relationship between LiDAR and ladder fuels in the northern Sierra Nevada, California USA. Ladder fuels are often targeted in hazardous fuel reduction treatments due to their role in propagating fire from the forest floor to tree crowns. Despite their importance, ladder fuels are difficult to quantify. One common approach is to calculate canopy base...

Novel high-gain, improved-bandwidth, finned-ladder V-band Traveling-Wave Tube slow-wave circuit design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kory, Carol L.; Wilson, Jeffrey D.

1994-01-01

The V-band frequency range of 59-64 GHz is a region of the millimeter-wave spectrum that has been designated for inter-satellite communications. As a first effort to develop a high-efficiency V-band Traveling-Wave Tube (TWT), variations on a ring-plane slow-wave circuit were computationally investigated to develop an alternative to the more conventional ferruled coupled-cavity circuit. The ring-plane circuit was chosen because of its high interaction impedance, large beam aperture, and excellent thermal dissipation properties. Despite these advantages, however, low bandwidth and high voltage requirements have, until now, prevented its acceptance outside the laboratory. In this paper, the three-dimensional electrodynamic simulation code MAFIA (solution of MAxwell's Equation by the Finite-Integration-Algorithm) is used to investigate methods of increasing the bandwidth and lowering the operating voltage of the ring-plane circuit. Calculations of frequency-phase dispersion, beam on-axis interaction impedance, attenuation and small-signal gain per wavelength were performed for various geometric variations and loading distributions of the ring-plane TWT slow-wave circuit. Based on the results of the variations, a circuit termed the finned-ladder TWT slow-wave circuit was designed and is compared here to the scaled prototype ring-plane and a conventional ferruled coupled-cavity TWT circuit over the V-band frequency range. The simulation results indicate that this circuit has a much higher gain, significantly wider bandwidth, and a much lower voltage requirement than the scaled ring-plane prototype circuit, while retaining its excellent thermal dissipation properties. The finned-ladder circuit has a much larger small-signal gain per wavelength than the ferruled coupled-cavity circuit, but with a moderate sacrifice in bandwidth.

Gluing Ladder Feynman Diagrams into Fishnets

DOE PAGES

Basso, Benjamin; Dixon, Lance J.

2017-08-14

We use integrability at weak coupling to compute fishnet diagrams for four-point correlation functions in planar Φ 4 theory. Our results are always multilinear combinations of ladder integrals, which are in turn built out of classical polylogarithms. The Steinmann relations provide a powerful constraint on such linear combinations, which leads to a natural conjecture for any fishnet diagram as the determinant of a matrix of ladder integrals.

Combining a clinical ladder and performance appraisal system as a reward strategy: the EXCEL clinical ladder program.

PubMed

Moe, J K; Lonowski, L R; Yancer, D A

1994-09-01

In response to the dramatic changes occurring in health care today and a desire to reward professional nurses for clinical behaviors that would be valued in the future, Bergan Mercy Medical Center (BMMC) has developed an innovative clinical ladder/performance appraisal system. The BMMC EXCEL Clinical Ladder program, which is based on the developmental model of Patricia Benner, is a competency-based system that uniquely combines a clinical ladder and performance appraisal system. The program is clinically focused and contains optional components in which registered nurses (RNs) can receive additional credit for participation in professional growth and leadership activities. Nurses document examples of their practice through nursing narratives that describe actual clinical situations. The development and implementation processes, challenges encountered, and recommendations for alternative approaches to the implementation of such a unique system are discussed.

30 CFR 56.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 56.11005 Section 56.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... Travelways § 56.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. Fixed ladders shall be anchored securely and...

30 CFR 56.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 56.11005 Section 56.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... Travelways § 56.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. Fixed ladders shall be anchored securely and...

30 CFR 56.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 56.11005 Section 56.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... Travelways § 56.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. Fixed ladders shall be anchored securely and...

30 CFR 56.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 56.11005 Section 56.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... Travelways § 56.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. Fixed ladders shall be anchored securely and...

30 CFR 56.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 56.11005 Section 56.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... Travelways § 56.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. Fixed ladders shall be anchored securely and...

A High Efficiency, Miniaturized Ka Band Traveling Wave Tube Based on a Novel Finned Ladder RF Circuit Design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wintucky, E. G.; Wilson, J. D.; Vaden, K. R.; Force, D. A.; Freeman, J. C.; Lesny, G. G.; Kory, C. L.; Chevalier, C. T.; Ebihara, B.; Dayton, J. A.;

Work-related ladder fall fractures: identification and diagnosis validation using narrative text.

PubMed

Smith, Gordon S; Timmons, Robert A; Lombardi, David A; Mamidi, Dheeresh K; Matz, Simon; Courtney, Theodore K; Perry, Melissa J

2006-09-01

To identify ladder-related fracture injuries and determine how ladder fall fractures differ from other ladder-related injuries. Ladder-related fracture cases were identified using narrative text and coded data from workers' compensation claims. Potential cases were identified by text searches and verified with claim records. Injury characteristics were compared using proportionate injury ratios. Of 9826 ladder-related injuries, 7% resulted in fracture cases. Falls caused 89% of fractures and resulted in more medical costs and disability days than other injuries. Frequent mechanisms were ladder instability (22%) and lost footing (22%). Narrative text searches identified 17% more fractures than injury codes alone. Males were more likely to sustain a fall fracture than other injuries; construction workers were most likely, and retail workers were the least likely to sustain fractures. Fractures are an important injury from ladder falls, resulting more serious consequences than other ladder-related injuries. Text analysis can improve the quality and utility of workers compensation data by identifying and understanding injury causes. Proportionate injury ratios are also useful for making cross-group comparisons of injury experience when denominator data are not available. Greater attention to risk factors for ladder falls is needed for targeting interventions.

A balanced intervention ladder: promoting autonomy through public health action.

PubMed

Griffiths, P E; West, C

2015-08-01

The widely cited Nuffield Council on Bioethics 'Intervention Ladder' structurally embodies the assumption that personal autonomy is maximized by non-intervention. Consequently, the Intervention Ladder encourages an extreme 'negative liberty' view of autonomy. Yet there are several alternative accounts of autonomy that are both arguably superior as accounts of autonomy and better suited to the issues facing public health ethics. We propose to replace the one-sided ladder, which has any intervention coming at a cost to autonomy, with a two-sided 'Balanced Intervention Ladder,' where intervention can either enhance or diminish autonomy. We show that not only the alternative, richer accounts of autonomy but even Mill's classic version of negative liberty puts some interventions on the positive side of the ladder. Crown Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Occupational ladder fall injuries - United States, 2011.

PubMed

Socias, Christina M; Chaumont Menéndez, Cammie K; Collins, James W; Simeonov, Peter

2014-04-25

Falls remain a leading cause of unintentional injury mortality nationwide [corrected].Among workers, approximately 20% of fall injuries involve ladders. Among construction workers, an estimated 81% of fall injuries treated in U.S. emergency departments (EDs) involve a ladder. To fully characterize fatal and nonfatal injuries associated with ladder falls among workers in the United States, CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) analyzed data across multiple surveillance systems: 1) the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI), 2) the Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII), and 3) the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-occupational supplement (NEISS-Work). In 2011, work-related ladder fall injuries (LFIs) resulted in 113 fatalities (0.09 per 100,000 full-time equivalent [FTE] workers), an estimated 15,460 nonfatal injuries reported by employers that involved ≥1 days away from work (DAFW), and an estimated 34,000 nonfatal injuries treated in EDs. Rates for nonfatal, work-related, ED-treated LFIs were higher (2.6 per 10,000 FTE) than those for such injuries reported by employers (1.2 per 10,000 FTE). LFIs represent a substantial public health burden of preventable injuries for workers. Because falls are the leading cause of work-related injuries and deaths in construction, NIOSH, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and the Center for Construction Research and Training are promoting a national campaign to prevent workplace falls. NIOSH is also developing innovative technologies to complement safe ladder use.

Revisiting the Ladder on a Wall Problem

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salu, Yehuda

2011-01-01

The problem of a ladder leaning on a wall has been a staple of introductory physics for years. It is discussed in numerous physics textbooks and in journals. Now, it even has an Internet presence. Postings from students seek help for "ladder on a wall" problems. A quick review of those postings would show that they all deal with frictionless…

In-line digital holography with phase-shifting Greek-ladder sieves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xie, Jing; Zhang, Junyong; Zhang, Yanli; Zhou, Shenlei; Zhu, Jianqiang

2018-04-01

Phase shifting is the key technique in in-line digital holography, but traditional phase shifters have their own limitations in short wavelength regions. Here, phase-shifting Greek-ladder sieves with amplitude-only modulation are introduced into in-line digital holography, which are essentially a kind of diffraction lens with three-dimensional array diffraction-limited foci. In the in-line digital holographic experiment, we design two kinds of sieves by lithography and verify the validity of their phase-shifting function by measuring a 1951 U.S. Air Force resolution test target and three-dimensional array foci. With advantages of high resolving power, low cost, and no limitations at shorter wavelengths, phase-shifting Greek-ladder sieves have great potential in X-ray holography or biochemical microscopy for the next generation of synchrotron light sources.

Multi-material size optimization of a ladder frame chassis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baker, Michael

The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) is an American fuel standard that sets regulations on fuel economy in vehicles. This law ultimately shapes the development and design research for automakers. Reducing the weight of conventional cars offers a way to improve fuel efficiency. This research investigated the optimality of an automobile's ladder frame chassis (LFC) by conducting multi-objective optimization on the LFC in order to reduce the weight of the chassis. The focus of the design and optimization was a ladder frame chassis commonly used for mass production light motor vehicles with an open-top rear cargo area. This thesis is comprised of two major sections. The first looked to perform thickness optimization in the outer walls of the ladder frame. In the second section, many multi-material distributions, including steel and aluminium varieties, were investigated. A simplified model was used to do an initial hand calculation analysis of the problem. This was used to create a baseline validation to compare the theory with the modeling. A CAD model of the LFC was designed. From the CAD model, a finite element model was extracted and joined using weld and bolt connectors. Following this, a linear static analysis was performed to look at displacement and stresses when subjected to loading conditions that simulate harsh driving conditions. The analysis showed significant values of stress and displacement on the ends of the rails, suggesting improvements could be made elsewhere. An optimization scheme was used to find the values of an all steel frame an optimal thickness distribution was found. This provided a 13% weight reduction over the initial model. To advance the analysis a multi-material approach was used to push the weight savings even further. Several material distributions were analyzed and the lightest utilized aluminium in all but the most strenuous subjected components. This enabled a reduction in weight of 15% over the initial model, equivalent to

Role of Structural Asymmetry in Controlling Drop Spacing in Microfluidic Ladder Networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, William; Maddala, Jeevan; Vanapalli, Siva; Rengasamy, Raghunathan

2012-02-01

Manipulation of drop spacing is crucial to many processes in microfluidic devices including drop coalescence, detection and storage. Microfluidic ladder networks ---where two droplet-carrying parallel channels are connected by narrow bypass channels through which the motion of drops is forbidden---have been proposed as a means to control relative separation between pairs of drops. Prior studies in microfluidic ladder networks with vertical bypasses, which possess fore-aft structural symmetry, have revealed that pairs of drops can only undergo reduction in drop spacing at the ladder exit. We investigate the dynamics of drops in microfluidic ladder networks with both vertical and slanted bypasses. Our analytical results indicate that unlike symmetric ladder networks, structural asymmetry introduced by a single slanted bypass can be used to modulate the relative spacing between drops, enabling them to contract, synchronize, expand or even flip at the ladder exit. Our experiments confirm all the behaviors predicted by theory. Numerical analysis further shows that ladders containing several identical bypasses can only linearly transform the input drop spacing. Finally, we find that ladders with specific combinations of vertical and slanted bypasses can generate non-linear transformation of input drop spacing, despite the absence of drop decision-making events at the bypass junctions.

Ladder Climbing and Autoresonant Acceleration of Plasma Waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barth, Ido; Dodin, Ilya; Fisch, Nathaniel

2015-11-01

When the background density in a bounded plasma is modulated in time, discrete modes become coupled. Interestingly, for appropriately chosen modulations, the average plasmon energy might be made to grow in a ladder-like manner, achieving up-conversion or down-conversion of the plasmon energy. This reversible process is identified as a classical analog of the effect known as quantum ladder climbing, so that the efficiency and the rate of this process can be written immediately by analogy to a quantum particle in a box. In the limit of densely spaced spectrum, ladder climbing transforms into continuous autoresonance; plasmons may then be manipulated by chirped background modulations much like electrons are autoresonantly manipulated by chirped fields. By formulating the wave dynamics within a universal Lagrangian framework, similar ladder climbing and autoresonance effects are predicted to be achievable with general linear waves in both plasma and other media. Supported by NNSA grant DE274-FG52-08NA28553, DOE contract DE-AC02-09CH11466, and DTRA grant HDTRA1-11-1-0037.

Getting to the Bottom of a Ladder Problem

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCartney, Mark

2002-01-01

In this paper, the author introduces a simple problem relating to a pair of ladders. A mathematical model of the problem produces an equation which can be solved in a number of ways using mathematics appropriate to "A" level students or first year undergraduates. The author concludes that the ladder problem can be used in class to develop and…

Effects of foot placement, hand positioning, age and climbing biodynamics on ladder slip outcomes.

PubMed

Pliner, Erika M; Campbell-Kyureghyan, Naira H; Beschorner, Kurt E

2014-01-01

Ladder falls frequently cause severe injuries; yet the factors that influence ladder slips/falls are not well understood. This study aimed to quantify (1) the effects of restricted foot placement, hand positioning, climbing direction and age on slip outcomes, and (2) differences in climbing styles leading to slips versus styles leading to non-slips. Thirty-two occupational ladder users from three age groups (18-24, 25-44 and 45-64 years) were unexpectedly slipped climbing a vertical ladder, while being assigned to different foot placement conditions (unrestricted vs. restricted toe clearance) and different hand positions (rails vs. rungs). Constraining foot placement increased the climber's likelihood of slipping (p < 0.01), while younger and older participants slipped more than the middle-aged group (p < 0.01). Longer double stance time, dissimilar and more variable foot and body positioning were found in styles leading to a slip. Maintaining sufficient toe clearance and targeting ladder safety training to younger and older workers may reduce ladder falls. Practitioner Summary: Ladder falls frequently cause severe occupational fall injuries. This study aims to identify safer ladder climbing techniques and individuals at risk of falling. The results suggest that ladders with unrestricted toe clearance and ladder climbing training programmes, particularly for younger and older workers, may reduce ladder slipping risk.

Career Mobility: Implementing the Ladder Concept in Associate Degree and Practical Nursing Curricula.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Story, Donna Ketchum

Designing a career ladder curriculum is not simply taking an existing practical nurse curriculum and an associate degree nursing curriculum and placing one after the other. The curriculum is designed to produce students who are competent practitioners as practical nurses at the end of the first level and then allow them to continue for an…

24. DETAIL EXTERIOR VIEW LOOKING EAST, SHOWING FISH LADDER AT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

24. DETAIL EXTERIOR VIEW LOOKING EAST, SHOWING FISH LADDER AT NORTH END OF DAM/SPILLWAY; WATER FLOWING THROUGH FISH LADDER IS VISIBLE AT BOTTOM. - Bonneville Project, Bonneville Dam, Columbia River, Bonneville, Multnomah County, OR

The snakes and ladders of National Health Service management in England.

PubMed

Powell, Martin

2014-01-01

This article explores managerial careers in the National Health Service (NHS) through the lens of talent management, particularly focusing on how managers view barriers (snakes) and facilitators (ladders) to career progression. There is a significant literature on enablers and barriers to career progression, but much of this focuses on specific groups such as black and minority ethnic and female workers, and there is relatively little material on the general workforce of the NHS. The research design is a mixed method quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (interview and focus group) approach consisting of a quasi-probability element that focuses on a maximum variety sample and a purposive element that seeks policy views at central and strategic health authority level, and examines talent management in high-performing NHS organisations. Ladders are identified as follows: volunteering, secondment, networking, mentoring, academic qualifications, development, good role models/managers and appraisal/personal development plan. Snakes are identified as managing expectations; identity and cognitive diversity; location; sector; NHS toxic and favouritism culture; poor talent spotting; credentialism; exclusive approach to talent; and sustainability. It concludes that while previous conceptual and empirical work is fairly clear on any ladders, it is less clear on snakes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Conjugated ladder polymers by a cyclopentannulation polymerization

DOE PAGES

Bheemireddy, Sambasiva R.; Hautzinger, Matthew P.; Li, Tao; ...

2017-04-03

Here, we report a nontraditional synthesis of cyclopentafused-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon embedded ladder polymers using a palladium catalyzed cyclopentannulation polymerization followed by a cyclodehydrogenation reaction. Donor–acceptor type polymers containing a cyclopenta[hi]aceanthrylene acceptor groups can be synthesized by a palladium catalyzed copolymerization between 9,10-dibromoanthracene and a variety of bis(arylethynyl)arenes to give polymers with molecular weights (Mn) of 9–22 kDa. The bis(arylethynyl)arenes were composed of benzene, thiophene, or thieno[3,2- b]thiophene moieties, which provided access to a series of four donor–acceptor copolymers. The polymers were subjected to cyclodehydrogenation with FeCl 3 to access rigid ladder type polymers with the conversion investigated by 13C NMRmore » of isotopically labeled polymers. As a result, the ladder polymers possess broad UV–Vis absorptions and narrow optical band gaps of 1.17–1.29 eV and are p-type semiconductors in organic field effect transistors.« less

Conjugated ladder polymers by a cyclopentannulation polymerization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bheemireddy, Sambasiva R.; Hautzinger, Matthew P.; Li, Tao

Here, we report a nontraditional synthesis of cyclopentafused-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon embedded ladder polymers using a palladium catalyzed cyclopentannulation polymerization followed by a cyclodehydrogenation reaction. Donor–acceptor type polymers containing a cyclopenta[hi]aceanthrylene acceptor groups can be synthesized by a palladium catalyzed copolymerization between 9,10-dibromoanthracene and a variety of bis(arylethynyl)arenes to give polymers with molecular weights (Mn) of 9–22 kDa. The bis(arylethynyl)arenes were composed of benzene, thiophene, or thieno[3,2- b]thiophene moieties, which provided access to a series of four donor–acceptor copolymers. The polymers were subjected to cyclodehydrogenation with FeCl 3 to access rigid ladder type polymers with the conversion investigated by 13C NMRmore » of isotopically labeled polymers. As a result, the ladder polymers possess broad UV–Vis absorptions and narrow optical band gaps of 1.17–1.29 eV and are p-type semiconductors in organic field effect transistors.« less

Discussing Laddering Application by the Means-End Chain Theory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Veludo-de-Oliveira, Tania Modesto; Ikeda, Ana Akemi; Campomar, Marcos Cortez

2006-01-01

This article aims at analyzing laddering as a technique of qualitative research, emphasizing the procedures for data collection, analysis and interpretation, and its main limitations as well. "Laddering refers to an in-depth, one-on-one interviewing technique used to develop an understanding of how consumers translate the attributes of products…

Teacher Career Ladders in Utah: Perspectives on Early Stages.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Ken, Ed.; And Others

The status of teacher career ladders in Utah is discussed from five different perspectives. Jim Wilson, representing the Legislative Research Analyst's Office and General Counsel of the Legislature, speaks about legislative intent from the past year and what legislators thought would happen and wanted to happen regarding career ladder bills which…

22. DETAIL EXTERIOR VIEW LOOKING NORTHWEST, SHOWING FISH LADDER AT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

22. DETAIL EXTERIOR VIEW LOOKING NORTHWEST, SHOWING FISH LADDER AT NORTH END OF DAM/SPILLWAY; VIEW SHOWS SECTION OF FISH LADDER NEAR WHERE IT ENTERS THE COLUMBIA RIVER. - Bonneville Project, Bonneville Dam, Columbia River, Bonneville, Multnomah County, OR

Biomechanical analysis of loading/unloading a ladder on a truck.

PubMed

Moriguchi, Cristiane Shinohara; Carnaz, Leticia; de Miranda, Luiz Carlos; Marklin, Richard William; Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil

2012-01-01

Loading/unloading a ladder on vehicles are frequent tasks and involve overhead handling that may expose workers to risk factors of shoulder musculoskeletal disorders. The objective of the present study was to evaluate posture, forces required and perceived exertion when loading and unloading the ladder on a utility truck. Thirteen male overhead line workers from an electric utility in Brazil participated in this study. Shoulder elevation angle was measured using inclinometers. The required force to load/unload the ladder was measured by dynamometer. Subjective assessment of the perceived exertion was recorded to compare the exertion reported during the test conditions to the field conditions. The task of loading/unloading the ladder presented risks of shoulder musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) to workers because it requires high levels of force (approximately 60% of the maximal force) combined with overhead posture of the shoulders (more than 100° from the neutral posture). Age and height presented to interfere in biomechanical risks presented in load/unload task. There was no significant difference between the subjective exertion during the test conditions and handling the ladder in the field. Ergonomic intervention is recommended to reduce these risks for shoulder MSDs.

Healthcare organization-education partnerships and career ladder programs for health care workers.

PubMed

Dill, Janette S; Chuang, Emmeline; Morgan, Jennifer C

2014-12-01

Increasing concerns about quality of care and workforce shortages have motivated health care organizations and educational institutions to partner to create career ladders for frontline health care workers. Career ladders reward workers for gains in skills and knowledge and may reduce the costs associated with turnover, improve patient care, and/or address projected shortages of certain nursing and allied health professions. This study examines partnerships between health care and educational organizations in the United States during the design and implementation of career ladder training programs for low-skill workers in health care settings, referred to as frontline health care workers. Mixed methods data from 291 frontline health care workers and 347 key informants (e.g., administrators, instructors, managers) collected between 2007 and 2010 were analyzed using both regression and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). Results suggest that different combinations of partner characteristics, including having an education leader, employer leader, frontline management support, partnership history, community need, and educational policies, were necessary for high worker career self-efficacy and program satisfaction. Whether a worker received a wage increase, however, was primarily dependent on leadership within the health care organization, including having an employer leader and employer implementation policies. Findings suggest that strong partnerships between health care and educational organizations can contribute to the successful implementation of career ladder programs, but workers' ability to earn monetary rewards for program participation depends on the strength of leadership support within the health care organization. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

7. DETAIL VIEW OF LOWER MOUTH OF FISH LADDER AT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

7. DETAIL VIEW OF LOWER MOUTH OF FISH LADDER AT ROCK OUTCROPPING, SHOWING NATURAL CARVED ROCK POOLS, UPPER PORTION OF FISH LADDER VISIBLE IN DISTANCE, LOOKING SOUTHWEST (UPSTREAM) - Van Arsdale Dam, South Fork of Eel River, Ukiah, Mendocino County, CA

Topological phases in frustrated synthetic ladders with an odd number of legs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barbarino, Simone; Dalmonte, Marcello; Fazio, Rosario; Santoro, Giuseppe E.

2018-01-01

The realization of the Hofstadter model in a strongly anisotropic ladder geometry has now become possible in one-dimensional optical lattices with a synthetic dimension. In this work, we show how the Hofstadter Hamiltonian in such ladder configurations hosts a topological phase of matter which is radically different from its two-dimensional counterpart. This topological phase stems directly from the hybrid nature of the ladder geometry and is protected by a properly defined inversion symmetry. We start our analysis by considering the paradigmatic case of a three-leg ladder which supports a topological phase exhibiting the typical features of topological states in one dimension: robust fermionic edge modes, a degenerate entanglement spectrum, and a nonzero Zak phase; then, we generalize our findings—addressable in the state-of-the-art cold-atom experiments—to ladders with a higher number of legs.

Ladder operators for the Klein-Gordon equation with a scalar curvature term

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mück, Wolfgang

2018-01-01

Recently, Cardoso, Houri and Kimura constructed generalized ladder operators for massive Klein-Gordon scalar fields in space-times with conformal symmetry. Their construction requires a closed conformal Killing vector, which is also an eigenvector of the Ricci tensor. Here, a similar procedure is used to construct generalized ladder operators for the Klein-Gordon equation with a scalar curvature term. It is proven that a ladder operator requires the existence of a conformal Killing vector, which must satisfy an additional property. This property is necessary and sufficient for the construction of a ladder operator. For maximally symmetric space-times, the results are equivalent to those of Cardoso, Houri and Kimura.

30 CFR 57.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 57.11005 Section 57.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... MINES Travelways and Escapeways Travelways-Surface and Underground § 57.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and...

30 CFR 57.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 57.11005 Section 57.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... MINES Travelways and Escapeways Travelways-Surface and Underground § 57.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and...

30 CFR 57.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 57.11005 Section 57.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... MINES Travelways and Escapeways Travelways-Surface and Underground § 57.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and...

30 CFR 57.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 57.11005 Section 57.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... MINES Travelways and Escapeways Travelways-Surface and Underground § 57.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and...

30 CFR 57.11005 - Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Fixed ladder anchorage and toe clearance. 57.11005 Section 57.11005 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... MINES Travelways and Escapeways Travelways-Surface and Underground § 57.11005 Fixed ladder anchorage and...

Majorana spin liquids, topology, and superconductivity in ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Le Hur, Karyn; Soret, Ariane; Yang, Fan

2017-11-01

We theoretically address spin chain analogs of the Kitaev quantum spin model on the honeycomb lattice. The emergent quantum spin-liquid phases or Anderson resonating valence-bond (RVB) states can be understood, as an effective model, in terms of p -wave superconductivity and Majorana fermions. We derive a generalized phase diagram for the two-leg ladder system with tunable interaction strengths between chains allowing us to vary the shape of the lattice (from square to honeycomb ribbon or brickwall ladder). We evaluate the winding number associated with possible emergent (topological) gapless modes at the edges. In the Az phase, as a result of the emergent Z2 gauge fields and π -flux ground state, one may build spin-1/2 (loop) qubit operators by analogy to the toric code. In addition, we show how the intermediate gapless B phase evolves in the generalized ladder model. For the brick-wall ladder, the B phase is reduced to one line, which is analyzed through perturbation theory in a rung tensor product states representation and bosonization. Finally, we show that doping with a few holes can result in the formation of hole pairs and leads to a mapping with the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model in polyacetylene; a superconducting-insulating quantum phase transition for these hole pairs is accessible, as well as related topological properties.

Ladder-Type Circuits Revisited

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yoon, Sung Hyun

2007-01-01

Ladder-type circuits where a given unit is repeated infinitely many times are dealt with in many textbooks on electromagnetism as examples of filter circuits. Determining the impedance of such circuits seems to be regarded as simple, which may be due to the fact that the invariance of the infinite system under the operation of adding one more unit…

Piezoelectric biosensor with a ladder polymer substrate coating

DOEpatents

Renschler, Clifford L.; White, Christine A.; Carter, Robert M.

1998-01-01

A piezoelectric biosensor substrate useful for immobilizing biomolecules in an oriented manner on the surface of a piezoelectric sensor has a ladder polymer of polyacrylonitrile. To make the substrate, a solution of an organic polymer, preferably polyacrylonitrile, is applied to the surface of a piezoelectric sensor. The organic polymer is modifying by heating the polymer in a controlled fashion in air such that a ladder polymer is produced which, in turn, forms the attachment point for the biomolecules comprising the piezoelectric biosensor.

Fractal ladder models and power law wave equations

PubMed Central

Kelly, James F.; McGough, Robert J.

2009-01-01

The ultrasonic attenuation coefficient in mammalian tissue is approximated by a frequency-dependent power law for frequencies less than 100 MHz. To describe this power law behavior in soft tissue, a hierarchical fractal network model is proposed. The viscoelastic and self-similar properties of tissue are captured by a constitutive equation based on a lumped parameter infinite-ladder topology involving alternating springs and dashpots. In the low-frequency limit, this ladder network yields a stress-strain constitutive equation with a time-fractional derivative. By combining this constitutive equation with linearized conservation principles and an adiabatic equation of state, a fractional partial differential equation that describes power law attenuation is derived. The resulting attenuation coefficient is a power law with exponent ranging between 1 and 2, while the phase velocity is in agreement with the Kramers–Kronig relations. The fractal ladder model is compared to published attenuation coefficient data, thus providing equivalent lumped parameters. PMID:19813816

Work-related falls from ladders--a follow-back study of US emergency department cases.

PubMed

Lombardi, David A; Smith, Gordon S; Courtney, Theodore K; Brennan, Melanye J; Kim, Jae Young; Perry, Melissa J

2011-11-01

Ladder falls comprise 16% of all US workplace fall-related fatalities, and ladder use may be particularly hazardous among older workers. This follow-back study of injured workers from a nationally representative sample of US emergency departments (ED) focused on factors related to ladder falls in three domains of the work environment: work equipment, work practices, and worker-related factors. Risk factors for fractures, the most frequent and severe outcome, were also evaluated. Workers injured from a ladder fall, treated in one of the 65 participating ED in the occupational National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) were asked to participate. The questionnaire included worker demographics, injury, ladder and work equipment and environment characteristics, work tasks, and activities. Multivariate logistic regression models estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of a work-related fracture. Three-hundred and six workers experiencing an injury from an--on average--7.5-foot-fall from a step, extension, or straight ladder were interviewed primarily from construction, installation, maintenance, and repair professions. Injuries were most frequently to the arm, elbow or shoulder; head, neck, or face with diagnoses were primarily fracture, strain, sprain, contusion or abrasion. Workers were most frequently standing or sitting on the ladder while installing, hanging an item, or performing a repair when they fell. Ladder movement was the mechanism in 40% of falls. Environmental conditions played a role in <10% of cases. There was a significant association between fracture risk and fall height while working on the ladder that was also influenced by older work age. This study advances knowledge of falls from ladders to support those who specify means and methods, select equipment, and plan, supervise, or manage the performance of employees working at heights.

Piezoelectric biosensor with a ladder polymer substrate coating

DOEpatents

Renschler, C.L.; White, C.A.; Carter, R.M.

1998-09-29

A piezoelectric biosensor substrate useful for immobilizing biomolecules in an oriented manner on the surface of a piezoelectric sensor has a ladder polymer of polyacrylonitrile. To make the substrate, a solution of an organic polymer, preferably polyacrylonitrile, is applied to the surface of a piezoelectric sensor. The organic polymer is modifying by heating the polymer in a controlled fashion in air such that a ladder polymer is produced which, in turn, forms the attachment point for the biomolecules comprising the piezoelectric biosensor. 3 figs.

Teacher Attitudes toward Career Ladder.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dickson, LouAnn

An evaluation of teacher attitudes toward a public schools career ladder program is presented. Survey questionnaires mailed to 3,239 administrators, nonprogram teachers, and participating teachers elicited 1,683 returns for a 52 percent response rate. Findings indicate that the majority of teachers favored continuation of the career ladder…

Experimental ladder proof of Hardy's nonlocality for high-dimensional quantum systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Lixiang; Zhang, Wuhong; Wu, Ziwen; Wang, Jikang; Fickler, Robert; Karimi, Ebrahim

2017-08-01

Recent years have witnessed a rapidly growing interest in high-dimensional quantum entanglement for fundamental studies as well as towards novel applications. Therefore, the ability to verify entanglement between physical qudits, d -dimensional quantum systems, is of crucial importance. To show nonclassicality, Hardy's paradox represents "the best version of Bell's theorem" without using inequalities. However, so far it has only been tested experimentally for bidimensional vector spaces. Here, we formulate a theoretical framework to demonstrate the ladder proof of Hardy's paradox for arbitrary high-dimensional systems. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrate the ladder proof by taking advantage of the orbital angular momentum of high-dimensionally entangled photon pairs. We perform the ladder proof of Hardy's paradox for dimensions 3 and 4, both with the ladder up to the third step. Our paper paves the way towards a deeper understanding of the nature of high-dimensionally entangled quantum states and may find applications in quantum information science.

Corrosion Control Specialist Career Ladder AFSC 53530, 53550, 53570, and 53690. Occupational Survey Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Air Force Occupational Measurement Center, Lackland AFB, TX.

The report describes the results of a detailed occupational survey of the corrosion control career ladder. Responses to a 457-task, time rating inventory from 1,015 personnel (representing 64 percent of the career field) were analyzed to produce seven specific findings and the career ladder structure. The career ladder includes a variety of jobs…

Ladder physics in the spin fermion model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsvelik, A. M.

2017-05-01

A link is established between the spin fermion (SF) model of the cuprates and the approach based on the analogy between the physics of doped Mott insulators in two dimensions and the physics of fermionic ladders. This enables one to use nonperturbative results derived for fermionic ladders to move beyond the large-N approximation in the SF model. It is shown that the paramagnon exchange postulated in the SF model has exactly the right form to facilitate the emergence of the fully gapped d -Mott state in the region of the Brillouin zone at the hot spots of the Fermi surface. Hence, the SF model provides an adequate description of the pseudogap.

Ladder physics in the spin fermion model

DOE PAGES

Tsvelik, A. M.

2017-05-01

A link is established between the spin fermion (SF) model of the cuprates and the approach based on the analogy between the physics of doped Mott insulators in two dimensions and the physics of fermionic ladders. This enables one to use nonperturbative results derived for fermionic ladders to move beyond the large-N approximation in the SF model. Here, it is shown that the paramagnon exchange postulated in the SF model has exactly the right form to facilitate the emergence of the fully gapped d-Mott state in the region of the Brillouin zone at the hot spots of the Fermi surface.more » Hence, the SF model provides an adequate description of the pseudogap.« less

Dissipation, Voltage Profile and Levy Dragon in a Special Ladder Network

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ucak, C.

2009-01-01

A ladder network constructed by an elementary two-terminal network consisting of a parallel resistor-inductor block in series with a parallel resistor-capacitor block sometimes is said to have a non-dispersive dissipative response. This special ladder network is created iteratively by replacing the elementary two-terminal network in place of the…

Controlled parity switch of persistent currents in quantum ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Filippone, Michele; Bardyn, Charles-Edouard; Giamarchi, Thierry

2018-05-01

We investigate the behavior of persistent currents for a fixed number of noninteracting fermions in a periodic quantum ladder threaded by Aharonov-Bohm and transverse magnetic fluxes Φ and χ . We show that the coupling between ladder legs provides a way to effectively change the ground-state fermion-number parity, by varying χ . Specifically, we demonstrate that varying χ by 2 π (one flux quantum) leads to an apparent fermion-number parity switch. We find that persistent currents exhibit a robust 4 π periodicity as a function of χ , despite the fact that χ →χ +2 π leads to modifications of order 1 /N of the energy spectrum, where N is the number of sites in each ladder leg. We show that these parity-switch and 4 π periodicity effects are robust with respect to temperature and disorder, and outline potential physical realizations using cold atomic gases and photonic lattices, for bosonic analogs of the effects.

Electrical burn injuries of workers using portable aluminium ladders near overhead power lines.

PubMed

Moghtader, J C; Himel, H N; Demun, E M; Bellian, K T; Edlich, R F

1993-10-01

The use of aluminium ladders around high voltage power lines has resulted in a significant number of electrical injuries and electrocutions. Workers often misjudge wire distances or lose control of fully extended ladders, thereby exposing themselves to electrocution hazard. High-voltage electrical burns of two workers using an aluminium ladder that contacted a high voltage power line are reported. The circumstances surrounding the injury, the clinical management of the case, and the methods of prevention are presented and discussed.

29 CFR 1915.72 - Ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... shipbreaking. (a) General requirements. (1) The use of ladders with broken or missing rungs or steps, broken or... 10d common wire nails or fastened with through bolts or other fasteners of equivalent strength. Cleats... nailed to each rail with five 10d common wire nails or fastened with through bolts or other fasteners of...

29 CFR 1915.72 - Ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... sectional area of the side rail. The dimensions of side rails for their total length shall be those...). (b) Construction of portable wood cleated ladders up to 30 feet in length. (1) Wood side rails shall... than one such pocket appears in each 4 feet of length. (5) The width between side rails at the base...

29 CFR 1910.25 - Portable wood ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... library ladders are not specifically covered by this section. (b) Materials—(1) Requirements applicable to... device of sufficient size and strength to securely hold the front and back sections in open positions...

29 CFR 1910.25 - Portable wood ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... library ladders are not specifically covered by this section. (b) Materials—(1) Requirements applicable to... device of sufficient size and strength to securely hold the front and back sections in open positions...

29 CFR 1910.29 - Manually propelled mobile ladder stands and scaffolds (towers).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

.... (stress grade) construction grade lumber or equivalent. (vi) All scaffold work levels 10 feet or higher... (towers). 1910.29 Section 1910.29 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND..., construction, and use of mobile work platforms (including ladder stands but not including aerial ladders) and...

29 CFR 1910.29 - Manually propelled mobile ladder stands and scaffolds (towers).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... (stress grade) construction grade lumber or equivalent. (vi) All scaffold work levels 10 feet or higher... (towers). 1910.29 Section 1910.29 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND..., construction, and use of mobile work platforms (including ladder stands but not including aerial ladders) and...

29 CFR 1910.29 - Manually propelled mobile ladder stands and scaffolds (towers).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

.... (stress grade) construction grade lumber or equivalent. (vi) All scaffold work levels 10 feet or higher... (towers). 1910.29 Section 1910.29 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND..., construction, and use of mobile work platforms (including ladder stands but not including aerial ladders) and...

29 CFR 1910.29 - Manually propelled mobile ladder stands and scaffolds (towers).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

.... (stress grade) construction grade lumber or equivalent. (vi) All scaffold work levels 10 feet or higher... (towers). 1910.29 Section 1910.29 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND..., construction, and use of mobile work platforms (including ladder stands but not including aerial ladders) and...

29 CFR 1910.29 - Manually propelled mobile ladder stands and scaffolds (towers).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... (stress grade) construction grade lumber or equivalent. (vi) All scaffold work levels 10 feet or higher... (towers). 1910.29 Section 1910.29 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND..., construction, and use of mobile work platforms (including ladder stands but not including aerial ladders) and...

29 CFR 1910.26 - Portable metal ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... of ladder equipment must be employed by the users. The following rules and regulations are essential... to oil and grease, equipment should be cleaned of oil, grease, or slippery materials. This can easily...

29 CFR 1910.26 - Portable metal ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... of ladder equipment must be employed by the users. The following rules and regulations are essential... to oil and grease, equipment should be cleaned of oil, grease, or slippery materials. This can easily...

29 CFR 1910.26 - Portable metal ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... of ladder equipment must be employed by the users. The following rules and regulations are essential... to oil and grease, equipment should be cleaned of oil, grease, or slippery materials. This can easily...

Implementation of a pharmacist career ladder program.

PubMed

Heavner, Mojdeh S; Tichy, Eric M; Yazdi, Marina

2016-10-01

The implementation and outcomes of a pharmacist career ladder program (PCLP) at a tertiary care, academic medical center are described. A PCLP was developed at Yale-New Haven Hospital to guide career development, motivate staff to perform beyond their daily tasks and responsibilities, and recognize and retain high performers through professional advancement. The PCLP advancement criteria include specific requirements for excellence in five categories: level of training and experience, pharmacy practice, drug information, education and scholarship, and leadership. The PCLP is designed with four distinct tiers: clinical pharmacist, clinical pharmacist II, clinical pharmacy specialist, and clinical pharmacy specialist II. The specific criteria are increasingly challenging to achieve when moving up the ladder. Pharmacists may apply voluntarily each year for advancement. A PCLP review committee consisting of pharmacist peers and managers meets annually to discuss and vote on career advancement decisions. Since PCLP implementation, we have observed an increasing success rate for advancement (50% in 2013, 85% in 2014, and 100% in 2015) and a considerable increase in pharmacist participation in clinical and process improvement projects, as well as intervention and medication-use variance documentation. The implementation of a PCLP at a tertiary care, academic medical center provided an opportunity for frontline pharmacists to advance professionally and increased their participation and leadership in clinical and process improvement projects and drug-use policy and medication safety initiatives; the program also increased the number of pharmacists with specialty board certification and peer-reviewed publications. Copyright © 2016 by the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. All rights reserved.

An Intrinsically Switchable Ladder-Type Ferroelectric BST-on-Si Composite FBAR Filter.

PubMed

Lee, Seungku; Mortazawi, Amir

2016-03-01

This paper presents a ladder-type bulk acoustic wave (BAW) intrinsically switchable filter based on ferroelectric thin-film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs). The switchable filter can be turned on and off by the application of an external bias voltage due to the electrostrictive effect in thin-film ferroelectrics. In this paper, Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) is used as the ferroelectric material. A systematic design approach for switchable ladder-type ferroelectric filters is provided based on required filter specifications. A switchable filter is implemented in the form of a BST-on-Si composite structure to control the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient of FBARs. As an experimental verification, a 2.5-stage intrinsically switchable BST-on-Si composite FBAR filter is designed, fabricated, and measured. Measurement results for a typical BST-on-Si composite FBAR show a resonator mechanical quality factor (Q(m)) of 971, as well as a (Q(m)) × f of 2423 GHz. The filter presented here provides a measured insertion loss of 7.8 dB, out-of-band rejection of 26 dB, and fractional bandwidth of 0.33% at 2.5827 GHz when the filter is in the on state at a dc bias of 40 V. In its off state, the filter exhibits an isolation of 31 dB.

29 CFR 1917.118 - Fixed ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... bolts or structural members of tanks and towers; (3) Ladders built into or vertically attached to..., microwave communications, electrical power and similar towers, poles and structures, including stacks and... consisting of individual rungs that are attached to walls, conical manhole sections or river cells shall: (1...

29 CFR 1917.118 - Fixed ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... bolts or structural members of tanks and towers; (3) Ladders built into or vertically attached to..., microwave communications, electrical power and similar towers, poles and structures, including stacks and... consisting of individual rungs that are attached to walls, conical manhole sections or river cells shall: (1...

ABC of ladder operators for rationally extended quantum harmonic oscillator systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cariñena, José F.; Plyushchay, Mikhail S.

2017-07-01

The problem of construction of ladder operators for rationally extended quantum harmonic oscillator (REQHO) systems of a general form is investigated in the light of existence of different schemes of the Darboux-Crum-Krein-Adler transformations by which such systems can be generated from the quantum harmonic oscillator. Any REQHO system is characterized by the number of separated states in its spectrum, the number of ‘valence bands’ in which the separated states are organized, and by the total number of the missing energy levels and their position. All these peculiarities of a REQHO system are shown to be detected and reflected by a trinity (A^+/- , B^+/- , C^+/-) of the basic (primary) lowering and raising ladder operators related between themselves by certain algebraic identities with coefficients polynomially-dependent on the Hamiltonian. We show that all the secondary, higher-order ladder operators are obtainable by a composition of the basic ladder operators of the trinity which form the set of the spectrum-generating operators. Each trinity, in turn, can be constructed from the intertwining operators of the two complementary minimal schemes of the Darboux-Crum-Krein-Adler transformations.

29 CFR 1910.27 - Fixed ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) All rungs shall have a minimum diameter of three-fourths inch for metal ladders, except as covered in... appurtenances shall be painted or otherwise treated to resist corrosion and rusting when location demands... areas under floors, are frequently located in an atmosphere that causes corrosion and rusting. To...

Use of portable ladders - field observations and self-reported safety performance in the cable TV industry.

PubMed

Chang, Wen-Ruey; Huang, Yueng-Hsiang; Brunette, Christopher; Lee, Jin

2017-11-01

Portable ladders incidents remain a major cause of falls from heights. This study reported field observations of environments, work conditions and safety behaviour involving portable ladders and their correlations with self-reported safety performance. Seventy-five professional installers of a company in the cable and other pay TV industry were observed for 320 ladder usages at their worksites. The participants also filled out a questionnaire to measure self-reported safety performance. Proper setup on slippery surfaces, correct method for ladder inclination setup and ladder secured at the bottom had the lowest compliance with best practices and training guidelines. The observation compliance score was found to have significant correlation with straight ladder inclined angle (Pearson's r = 0.23, p < 0.0002) and employees' self-reported safety participation (r = 0.29, p < 0.01). The results provide a broad perspective on employees' safety compliance and identify areas for improving safety behaviours. Practitioner Summary: A checklist was used while observing professional installers of a cable company for portable ladder usage at their worksites. Items that had the lowest compliance with best practices and training guidelines were identified. The results provide a broad perspective on employees' safety compliance and identify areas for improving safety behaviours.

Orbital currents in a generalized Hubbard ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fjaerestad, John O.

2004-03-01

We study a phase with orbital currents (d-density wave (DDW)/staggered flux phase) in a generalized Hubbard model on the two-leg ladder at zero temperature. Bosonization and perturbative renormalization-group calculations are used to identify a parameter region with long-range DDW order in the weakly interacting half-filled ladder. Finite-size density-matrix renormalization-group (DMRG) studies of ladders with up to 200 rungs, for rational hole dopings δ and intermediate-strength interactions, find that currents remain large in the doped DDW phase, with no evidence of decay.^1,2,3 Motivated by these results, we consider an effective bosonization description of the doped DDW phase in which quantum fluctuations in the total charge mode are neglected.^3 This leads to an analytically solvable Frenkel-Kontorova-like model which predicts that the staggered rung current and the rung electron density show periodic spatial oscillations with wavelengths 2/δ and 1/δ, respectively, with the density minima located at the zeros (domain walls) of the staggered rung current, in good agreement with the DMRG results. We comment on the question of the nature of the asymptotic current correlations in the doped DDW phase. ^1U. Schollwöck, S. Chakravarty, J. O. Fjaerestad, J. B. Marston, and M. Troyer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 186401 (2003). ^2M. Troyer, invited talk at this meeting. ^3J. O. Fjaerestad, J. B. Marston, and U. Schollwöck, unpublished.

Staggered Orbital Currents in the Half-Filled Two-Leg Ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fjaerestad, J. O.; Marston, Brad; Sudbo, A.

2002-03-01

We present strong analytical and numerical evidence for the existence of a staggered flux (SF) phase in the half-filled two-leg ladder, with true long-range order in the counter-circulating currents. Using abelian bosonization with a careful treatment of the Klein factors, we show that a certain phase of the half-filled ladder, previously identified as having spin-Peierls order, instead exhibits staggered orbital currents with no dimerization.(J. O. Fjærestad and J. B. Marston, cond- mat/0107094.) This result, combined with a weak-coupling renormalization-group analysis, implies that the SF phase exists in a region of the phase diagram of the half-filled t-U-V-J ladder. Using the density-matrix renormalization-group (DMRG) approach generalized to complex-valued wavefunctions, we demonstrate that the SF phase exhibits robust currents at intermediate values of the interaction strengths.

Cavity-induced artificial gauge field in a Bose-Hubbard ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Halati, Catalin-Mihai; Sheikhan, Ameneh; Kollath, Corinna

2017-12-01

We consider theoretically ultracold interacting bosonic atoms confined to quasi-one-dimensional ladder structures formed by optical lattices and coupled to the field of an optical cavity. The atoms can collect a spatial phase imprint during a cavity-assisted tunneling along a rung via Raman transitions employing a cavity mode and a transverse running wave pump beam. By adiabatic elimination of the cavity field we obtain an effective Hamiltonian for the bosonic atoms, with a self-consistency condition. Using the numerical density-matrix renormalization-group method, we obtain a rich steady-state diagram of self-organized steady states. Transitions between superfluid to Mott-insulating states occur, on top of which we can have Meissner, vortex liquid, and vortex lattice phases. Also a state that explicitly breaks the symmetry between the two legs of the ladder, namely, the biased-ladder phase, is dynamically stabilized. We investigate the influence that a trapping potential has on the stability of the self-organized phases.

Climbing the Cosmic Distance Ladder Artist Concept

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-10-03

Astronomers using NASA Spitzer Space Telescope have greatly improved the cosmic distance ladder used to measure the expansion rate of the universe, its size and age. This artist concept symbolically shows a series of stars that have known distances.

Estimating ladder fuels: a new approach combining field photography with LiDAR

Treesearch

Heather Kramer; Brandon Collins; Frank Lake; Marek Jakubowski; Scott Stephens; Maggi Kelly

2016-01-01

Forests historically associated with frequent fire have changed dramatically due to fire suppression and past harvesting over the last century. The buildup of ladder fuels, which carry fire from the surface of the forest floor to tree crowns, is one of the critical changes, and it has contributed to uncharacteristically large and severe fires. The abundance of ladder...

Analysis of Utah Career Ladder Plans.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, Michael J.; And Others

This report analyzes the content and development of the 45 school district career ladder plans submitted in 1984 to the Utah State Office of Education. Descriptive commentary and data tables are used to examine (1) the structure and composition of planning committees; (2) teacher evaluation provisions, including changes in evaluation methods, the…

16 CFR 1207.5 - Design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... pool slide shall be such that no structural failures of any component part shall cause failures of any... such fasteners shall not cause a failure of the tread under the ladder loading conditions specified in... without failure or permanent deformation. (d) Handrails. Swimming pool slide ladders shall be equipped...

16 CFR 1207.5 - Design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... pool slide shall be such that no structural failures of any component part shall cause failures of any... such fasteners shall not cause a failure of the tread under the ladder loading conditions specified in... without failure or permanent deformation. (d) Handrails. Swimming pool slide ladders shall be equipped...

Synthesis of dibenzothiophene-containing ladder polysilsesquioxane as a blue phosphorescent host material.

PubMed

Ren, Zhongjie; Sun, Dianming; Li, Huihui; Fu, Qiang; Ma, Dongge; Zhang, Jianming; Yan, Shouke

2012-03-26

A ladder polysilsesquioxanes with side chain of dibenzothiophene groups (BS-LPSQ) was successfully synthesized. The ladder structure of BS-LPSQ was characterized by MALDI-TOF MS, XRD, and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and spectroscopic analyses revealed that the BS-LPSQ has good film-forming ability, high thermal and morphological stability, and good miscibility to the dopant iridium bis(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N,C(2)-picolinate (FIrpic), high triplet energy, and a wide bandgap. In addition, compared with the ringed polysiloxane BS-PSQ phosphorescent host material reported previously, the ladder structure of BS-LPSQ has not only a higher thermal resistance, but also could prevent molecular aggregation and effectively avoid quenching of fluorescence. Thus, the BS-LPSQ may be used as a better host for the blue-light-emitting iridium complex FIrpic. The performance of the electrophosphorescent device, based on the ladder BS-LPSQ as the active layer, is superior to that of ringed BS-PSQ and any other polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based or polymer host materials. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Automatic Digital Switching Specialist Career Ladder: United States Air Force Job Inventory. AFSCs 29530, 29570, and 29590.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Air Force Personnel and Training Research Center, Lackland AFB, TX.

The U. S. Air Force job inventory for the automatic digital switching specialist career ladder is divided into 12 categories, each of which is broken down into a duty-task list. Space is provided for Air Force personnel filling out the inventory to check whether each task is at present part of their duties. The 12 categories are: organizing and…

29 CFR 1910.26 - Portable metal ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Walking-Working Surfaces § 1910.26 Portable metal ladders. (a... material for the safety of the user. (viii) A metal spreader or locking device of sufficient size and...

Chutes and Ladders for the Impatient

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cheteyan, Leslie A.; Hengeveld, Stewart; Jones, Michael A.

2011-01-01

In this paper, we review the rules and game board for "Chutes and Ladders", define a Markov chain to model the game regardless of the spinner range, and describe how properties of Markov chains are used to determine that an optimal spinner range of 15 minimizes the expected number of turns for a player to complete the game. Because the Markov…

34. Attic, from folding ladder, looking north Veterans Administration ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

34. Attic, from folding ladder, looking north - Veterans Administration Center, Officers Duplex Quarters, 5302 East Kellogg (Legal Address); 5500 East Kellogg (Common Address), Wichita, Sedgwick County, KS

Ladders and Easels and Stools, Oh My!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenman, Geri

2002-01-01

Describes an art lesson for high school seniors in an intermediate oil painting class. Explains that the teacher set up a still life with a ladder, easel, and a stool with a white background to capture the shadows. States that the students painted their still life in oil. (CMK)

Building New Career Ladders in Clerical Occupations: Final Report for the Period July 1, 1974-June 30, 1975.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Council of Negro Women, New York, NY.

A project by the National Council of Negro Women called "Building New Career Ladders in Clerical Occupations" has five components. Two of these are: (1) development of career ladders on the job; and (2) testing, evaluation, and dissemination. In the career ladder component, 33 companies participated through financial contributions; giving…

Adaptation of a ladder beam walking task to assess locomotor recovery in mice following spinal cord injury.

PubMed

Cummings, Brian J; Engesser-Cesar, Christie; Cadena, Gilbert; Anderson, Aileen J

2007-02-27

Locomotor impairments after spinal cord injury (SCI) are often assessed using open-field rating scales. These tasks have the advantage of spanning the range from complete paralysis to normal walking; however, they lack sensitivity at specific levels of recovery. Additionally, most supplemental assessments were developed in rats, not mice. For example, the horizontal ladder beam has been used to measure recovery in the rat after SCI. This parametric task results in a videotaped archival record of the event, is easily administered, and is unambiguously scored. Although a ladder beam apparatus for mice is available, its use in the assessment of recovery in SCI mice is rare, possibly because normative data for uninjured mice and the type of step misplacements injured mice exhibit is lacking. We report the development of a modified ladder beam instrument and scoring system to measure hindlimb recovery in vertebral T9 contusion spinal cord injured mice. The mouse ladder beam allows for the use of standard parametric statistical tests to assess locomotor recovery. Ladder beam performance is consistent across four strains of mice, there are no sex differences, and inter-rater reliability between observers is high. The ladder beam score is proportional to injury severity and can be used to easily separate mice capable of weight-supported stance up to mice with consistent forelimb to hindlimb coordination. Critically, horizontal ladder beam testing discriminates between mice that score identically in terms of stepping frequency in open-field testing.

Adaptation of a ladder beam walking task to assess locomotor recovery in mice following spinal cord injury

PubMed Central

Cummings, Brian J.; Engesser-Cesar, Christie; Anderson, Aileen J.

2007-01-01

Locomotor impairments after spinal cord injury (SCI) are often assessed using open-field rating scales. These tasks have the advantage of spanning the range from complete paralysis to normal walking; however, they lack sensitivity at specific levels of recovery. Additionally, most supplemental assessments were developed in rats, not mice. For example, the horizontal ladder beam has been used to measure recovery in the rat after SCI. This parametric task results in a videotaped archival record of the event, is easily administered, and is unambiguously scored. Although a ladder beam apparatus for mice is available, its use in the assessment of recovery in SCI mice is rare, possibly because normative data for uninjured mice and the type of step misplacements injured mice exhibit is lacking. We report the development of a modified ladder beam instrument and scoring system to measure hindlimb recovery in vertebral T9 contusion spinal cord injured mice. The mouse ladder beam allows for the use of standard parametric statistical tests to assess locomotor recovery. Ladder beam performance is consistent across four strains of mice, there are no sex differences, and inter-rater reliability between observers is high. The ladder beam score is proportional to injury severity and can be used to easily separate mice capable of weight-supported stance up to mice with consistent forelimb to hindlimb coordination. Critically, horizontal ladder beam testing discriminates between mice that score identically in terms of stepping frequency in open-field testing. PMID:17197044

Design Thinking Pedagogy: The Educational Design Ladder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wrigley, Cara; Straker, Kara

2017-01-01

As global industries change and technology advances, traditional education systems might no longer be able to supply companies with graduates who possess an appropriate mix of skills and experience. The recent increased interest in Design Thinking as an approach to innovation has resulted in its adoption by non-design-trained professionals. This…

Implementability of two-qubit unitary operations over the butterfly network and the ladder network with free classical communication

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Akibue, Seiseki; Murao, Mio

2014-12-04

We investigate distributed implementation of two-qubit unitary operations over two primitive networks, the butterfly network and the ladder network, as a first step to apply network coding for quantum computation. By classifying two-qubit unitary operations in terms of the Kraus-Cirac number, the number of non-zero parameters describing the global part of two-qubit unitary operations, we analyze which class of two-qubit unitary operations is implementable over these networks with free classical communication. For the butterfly network, we show that two classes of two-qubit unitary operations, which contain all Clifford, controlled-unitary and matchgate operations, are implementable over the network. For the laddermore » network, we show that two-qubit unitary operations are implementable over the network if and only if their Kraus-Cirac number do not exceed the number of the bridges of the ladder.« less

49 CFR 214.519 - Floors, decks, stairs, and ladders of on-track roadway maintenance machines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... roadway maintenance machines. 214.519 Section 214.519 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... SAFETY On-Track Roadway Maintenance Machines and Hi-Rail Vehicles § 214.519 Floors, decks, stairs, and ladders of on-track roadway maintenance machines. Floors, decks, stairs, and ladders of on-track roadway...

49 CFR 214.519 - Floors, decks, stairs, and ladders of on-track roadway maintenance machines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... roadway maintenance machines. 214.519 Section 214.519 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... SAFETY On-Track Roadway Maintenance Machines and Hi-Rail Vehicles § 214.519 Floors, decks, stairs, and ladders of on-track roadway maintenance machines. Floors, decks, stairs, and ladders of on-track roadway...

7. DETAIL, WINDOWS AND SAFETY LADDER AT RECEIVING DEPARTMENT, NORTH ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

7. DETAIL, WINDOWS AND SAFETY LADDER AT RECEIVING DEPARTMENT, NORTH SIDE, NEAR WEST END. - United Engineering Company Shipyard, Inspection & Repair Shops, 2900 Main Street, Alameda, Alameda County, CA

Clinical career ladders: the Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital.

PubMed

Crouch, J B; Douglas, J B; Wheeler, D S

1989-11-01

A competence- and achievement-based advancement program developed for pharmacists at The Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital, a 530-bed community teaching hospital, is described. In 1985 pharmacy management recognized the need to provide an incentive program to reward achievements by staff clinical pharmacists, recognize their increased responsibilities, and increase the department's ability to retain qualified practitioners. Adding another rung to the existing administrative career ladder was not desirable, so a new job category, pharmacist II, was created. Employees are evaluated for promotion to pharmacist II on the basis of tenure, performance, and elective professional and service activities. A point system is used to objectively score achievements; to be promoted, an employee must accumulate 50 points during a two-year period. The number of staff pharmacists who can advance is limited not arbitrarily but rather by the application of challenging criteria. Employees are responsible for submitting documentation of their achievements to a review committee, which meets quarterly to evaluate applications and award points. Of 13 applicants since 1985, 10 have been promoted. Because of problems in evaluating the performance of pharmacist II employees, providing them time to conduct research, and incorporating specialty practice areas into the program, plans are being made to institute a more structured career ladder system with separate managerial, clinical, and educational tracks. A competence- and achievement-based advancement program with a single step was an improvement over the former system but lacked the balance and comprehensiveness offered by more structured career ladder programs.

The effects of Navy ship ladder descent on the knee internal joint reaction forces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coulter, Jonathan D.; Weinhandl, Joshua T.; Bawab, Sebastian Y.; Ringleb, Stacie I.

2017-02-01

Military populations may be at risk for developing knee osteoarthritis and other knee problems when descending a Navy ship ladder, which differs from traditional stairs due to non-overlapping treads, a larger rise and a steeper inclination angle. The purpose of this study was to develop a forward dynamic model of the descent of a Navy ship ladder to determine how this motion affects the internal knee reaction forces and how altering the hamstring/quadriceps ratio affects the internal joint reaction forces in the knee. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected from three male sailors descending a replica of a Navy ship ladder and were used as input into a model constructed in OpenSim. The peak resultant joint reaction force was 6.6 × BW, which was greater than values reported in the literature in traditional stairs. Peak compressive and anterior joint reaction forces, 4.05 × BW and 5.46 × BW, respectively, were greater than reported values for a squat, a motion similar to descending a ship ladder. The average peak vertical and anterior internal joint reaction force at the knee were 4.05 × BW and 5.46 × BW, respectively. The resultant joint reaction forces calculated from the ladder descent were greater than stair descent and squatting. Little effects were found in the joint reaction forces after adjusting the quadriceps to hamstring muscle strength ratios, possibly because these ratios might change the distribution of the contact forces across the joint, not the resultant forces.

"Ladder" structure in tonal noise generated by laminar flow around an airfoil.

PubMed

Chong, Tze Pei; Joseph, Phillip

2012-06-01

The presence of a "ladder" structure in the airfoil tonal noise was discovered in the 1970s, but its mechanism hitherto remains a subject of continual investigation in the research community. Based on the measured noise results and some numerical analysis presented in this letter, the variations of four types of airfoil tonal noise frequencies with the flow velocity were analyzed individually. The ladder structure is proposed to be caused by the acoustic/hydrodynamic frequency lag between the scattering of the boundary layer instability noise and the discrete noise produced by an aeroacoustic feedback loop.

Clinical ladder program implementation: a project guide.

PubMed

Ko, Yu Kyung; Yu, Soyoung

2014-11-01

This article describes the development of a clinical ladder program (CLP) implementation linked to a promotion system for nurses. The CLP task force developed criteria for each level of performance and a performance evaluation tool reflecting the self-motivation of the applicant for professional development. One year after implementation, the number of nurses taking graduate courses increased, and 7 nurses were promoted to nurse manager positions.

29 CFR 1918.24 - Fixed and portable ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., and be positively secured or held against shifting or slipping. When conditions are such that a... strength shall be furnished and positively secured or held against shifting or slipping while in use. Steps... securely positioned on a level and firm base. (2) Ladders shall be fitted with slip-resistant bases and/or...

29 CFR 1918.24 - Fixed and portable ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., and be positively secured or held against shifting or slipping. When conditions are such that a... strength shall be furnished and positively secured or held against shifting or slipping while in use. Steps... securely positioned on a level and firm base. (2) Ladders shall be fitted with slip-resistant bases and/or...

29 CFR 1918.24 - Fixed and portable ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., and be positively secured or held against shifting or slipping. When conditions are such that a... strength shall be furnished and positively secured or held against shifting or slipping while in use. Steps... securely positioned on a level and firm base. (2) Ladders shall be fitted with slip-resistant bases and/or...

29 CFR 1918.24 - Fixed and portable ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., and be positively secured or held against shifting or slipping. When conditions are such that a... strength shall be furnished and positively secured or held against shifting or slipping while in use. Steps... securely positioned on a level and firm base. (2) Ladders shall be fitted with slip-resistant bases and/or...

29 CFR 1918.24 - Fixed and portable ladders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., and be positively secured or held against shifting or slipping. When conditions are such that a... strength shall be furnished and positively secured or held against shifting or slipping while in use. Steps... securely positioned on a level and firm base. (2) Ladders shall be fitted with slip-resistant bases and/or...

Nestling diets and provisioning rates of sympatric Golden-fronted and Ladder-backed Woodpeckers

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schroeder, Evonne L.; Boal, Clint W.; Glasscock, Selma N.

2013-01-01

We examined comparative food use and provisioning of Golden-fronted (Melanerpes aurifrons) and Ladder-backed (Picoides scalaris) woodpeckers at the Rob and Bessie Welder Wildlife Foundation Refuge, in San Patricio County, Texas. We combined video surveillance and direct observations to monitor provisioning rates and identify items delivered by adult woodpeckers to nestlings. We collected 328 hours of data at Ladder-backed Woodpecker nest cavities and 230 hours of data at Golden-fronted Woodpecker nest cavities. Ladder-backed Woodpecker nestling diets consisted of 100% animal matter, comprised of invertebrate larvae (99%) and invertebrate adults (< 1%). Diets of Golden-fronted Woodpecker nestlings were also high in animal matter (77%) with more invertebrate adults (55%) and fewer invertebrate larvae (27%), but also included vegetable matter (16%). Morisita's measure of overlap suggested a relatively low dietary overlap of 31% between nestlings of these two sympatric woodpecker species. Foraging methods used by these species may explain their low dietary overlap and facilitate their coexistence.

Phase diagram and re-entrant fermionic entanglement in a hybrid Ising-Hubbard ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sousa, H. S.; Pereira, M. S. S.; de Oliveira, I. N.; Strečka, J.; Lyra, M. L.

2018-05-01

The degree of fermionic entanglement is examined in an exactly solvable Ising-Hubbard ladder, which involves interacting electrons on the ladder's rungs described by Hubbard dimers at half-filling on each rung, accounting for intrarung hopping and Coulomb terms. The coupling between neighboring Hubbard dimers is assumed to have an Ising-like nature. The ground-state phase diagram consists of four distinct regions corresponding to the saturated paramagnetic, the classical antiferromagnetic, the quantum antiferromagnetic, and the mixed classical-quantum phase. We have exactly computed the fermionic concurrence, which measures the degree of quantum entanglement between the pair of electrons on the ladder rungs. The effects of the hopping amplitude, the Coulomb term, temperature, and magnetic fields on the fermionic entanglement are explored in detail. It is shown that the fermionic concurrence displays a re-entrant behavior when quantum entanglement is being generated at moderate temperatures above the classical saturated paramagnetic ground state.

Plaquette order in a dimerized frustrated spin ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shlagman, Ofer; Shimshoni, Efrat

2014-11-01

We study the effect of dimerization (due to, e.g., spin-Peierls instability) on the phase diagram of a frustrated antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 ladder, with weak transverse and diagonal rung coupling. Our analysis focuses on a one-dimensional version of the model (i.e., a single two-leg ladder) where we consider two forms of dimerization on the legs: columnar dimers (CDs) and staggered dimers (SDs). We examine in particular the regime of parameters (corresponding to an intermediate X X Z anisotropy) in which the leg dimerization and the rung coupling terms are equally relevant. In both the CD and SD cases, we find that the effective field theory describing the system is a self-dual sine-Gordon model, which favors ordering and the opening of a gap to excitations. The order parameter, which reflects the interplay between the leg and rung dimerization interactions, represents a crystal of 4-spin plaquettes on which longitudinal and transverse dimers are in a coherent superposition. Depending on the leg dimerization mode, these plaquettes are closed or open, however both types spontaneously break reflection symmetry across the ladder. The closed plaquettes are stable, while the open plaquette order is relatively fragile and the corresponding gap may be tuned to zero under extreme conditions. We further find that a first-order transition occurs from the plaquette order to a valence bond crystal (VBC) of dimers on the legs. This suggests that in a higher-dimensional version of this system, this variety of distinct VBC states with comparable energies leads to the formation of domains. Effectively one-dimensional gapless spinon modes on domain boundaries may account for the experimental observation of spin-liquid behavior in a physical realization of the model.

Analytical recursive method to ascertain multisite entanglement in doped quantum spin ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roy, Sudipto Singha; Dhar, Himadri Shekhar; Rakshit, Debraj; SenDe, Aditi; Sen, Ujjwal

2017-08-01

We formulate an analytical recursive method to generate the wave function of doped short-range resonating valence bond (RVB) states as a tool to efficiently estimate multisite entanglement as well as other physical quantities in doped quantum spin ladders. We prove that doped RVB ladder states are always genuine multipartite entangled. Importantly, our results show that within specific doping concentration and model parameter regimes, the doped RVB state essentially characterizes the trends of genuine multiparty entanglement in the exact ground states of the Hubbard model with large on-site interactions, in the limit that yields the t -J Hamiltonian.

Bound States and Field-Polarized Haldane Modes in a Quantum Spin Ladder.

PubMed

Ward, S; Mena, M; Bouillot, P; Kollath, C; Giamarchi, T; Schmidt, K P; Normand, B; Krämer, K W; Biner, D; Bewley, R; Guidi, T; Boehm, M; McMorrow, D F; Rüegg, Ch

2017-04-28

The challenge of one-dimensional systems is to understand their physics beyond the level of known elementary excitations. By high-resolution neutron spectroscopy in a quantum spin-ladder material, we probe the leading multiparticle excitation by characterizing the two-magnon bound state at zero field. By applying high magnetic fields, we create and select the singlet (longitudinal) and triplet (transverse) excitations of the fully spin-polarized ladder, which have not been observed previously and are close analogs of the modes anticipated in a polarized Haldane chain. Theoretical modeling of the dynamical response demonstrates our complete quantitative understanding of these states.

77 FR 15839 - Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “Joan Miró: the Ladder of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-16

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 7827] Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ``Joan Mir[oacute]: the Ladder of Escape'' SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given of the following... exhibition ``Joan Mir[oacute]: the Ladder of Escape,'' imported from abroad for temporary exhibition within...

Observation hall along west side. Looking south to escape ladder. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Observation hall along west side. Looking south to escape ladder. - Edwards Air Force Base, Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory, Instrumentation & Control Building, Test Area 1-115, northwest end of Saturn Boulevard, Boron, Kern County, CA

A "Career Ladder" Approach to Junior College Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schrupp, Harold A.

More attention should be paid to the building of career guidance and career curriculum programs with exit points that enable the student to seek employment at any time in an entry level position and/or to continue his education. Some of the best "career ladder" programs are the federally sponsored New Career programs. A number of the…

Schroedinger operators with the q-ladder symmetry algebras

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Skorik, Sergei; Spiridonov, Vyacheslav

1994-01-01

A class of the one-dimensional Schroedinger operators L with the symmetry algebra LB(+/-) = q(+/-2)B(+/-)L, (B(+),B(-)) = P(sub N)(L), is described. Here B(+/-) are the 'q-ladder' operators and P(sub N)(L) is a polynomial of the order N. Peculiarities of the coherent states of this algebra are briefly discussed.

Ladder operators and coherent states for the Jaynes-Cummings model in the rotating-wave approximation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hussin, V.; Nieto, L.M.

2005-12-15

Using algebraic techniques, we realize a systematic search of different types of ladder operators for the Jaynes-Cummings model in the rotating-wave approximation. The link between our results and previous studies on the diagonalization of the associated Hamiltonian is established. Using some of the ladder operators obtained before, examples are given on the possibility of constructing a variety of interesting coherent states for this Hamiltonian.

LEANTO INTERIOR, LOOKING EAST. Image shows: ladder attached to south ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

LEAN-TO INTERIOR, LOOKING EAST. Image shows: ladder attached to south façade, gate separating hay storage from animal pens, and east wall construction. - Boyer Farm, Barn, 711 South Fort Casey Road, Coupeville, Island County, WA

Pressure-induced superconductivity in the iron-based ladder material BaFe2S3.

PubMed

Takahashi, Hiroki; Sugimoto, Akira; Nambu, Yusuke; Yamauchi, Touru; Hirata, Yasuyuki; Kawakami, Takateru; Avdeev, Maxim; Matsubayashi, Kazuyuki; Du, Fei; Kawashima, Chizuru; Soeda, Hideto; Nakano, Satoshi; Uwatoko, Yoshiya; Ueda, Yutaka; Sato, Taku J; Ohgushi, Kenya

2015-10-01

All the iron-based superconductors identified so far share a square lattice composed of Fe atoms as a common feature, despite having different crystal structures. In copper-based materials, the superconducting phase emerges not only in square-lattice structures but also in ladder structures. Yet iron-based superconductors without a square-lattice motif have not been found, despite being actively sought out. Here, we report the discovery of pressure-induced superconductivity in the iron-based spin-ladder material BaFe2S3, a Mott insulator with striped-type magnetic ordering below ∼120 K. On the application of pressure this compound exhibits a metal-insulator transition at about 11 GPa, followed by the appearance of superconductivity below Tc = 14 K, right after the onset of the metallic phase. Our findings indicate that iron-based ladder compounds represent promising material platforms, in particular for studying the fundamentals of iron-based superconductivity.

Creating a Professional Ladder for Interpreters for Improvement of Care.

PubMed

Marshall, Lori; Fischer, Anna; Noyes Soeller, Allison; Cordova, Richard; Gutierrez, Yvonne R; Alford, Luis

2016-01-01

Children's Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA), a metropolitan academic medical center, recognized limitations in how the professional interpreters from the Diversity Services Department were used to support effective patient-provider communication across the organization. Given the importance of mitigating language and communication barriers, CHLA sought to minimize clinical and structural barriers to health care for limited English proficiency populations through a comprehensive restructuring of the Diversity Services Department. This approach entailed a new delivery model for hospital language assistance and cultural consultancy resources. The intervention focused on restructuring the Diversity Services Department, redefining priorities, reallocating resources, and redefining the roles of the language staff positions in the department. The language staff role was redesigned to fit a four-level professional career ladder modeled after the professional career ladders commonly used in hospitals for the RN role and other professional disciplines. The approach involved creating new levels of language specialist, each with progressive requirements for performance, leadership, and accountability for patient care outcomes. Language staff in the inpatient, clinic, and emergency department settings worked alongside nurses, physicians, and other disciplines to care for a specific set of patients. The result of this work was a positive culture change resulting in service efficiencies, care improvements, and improved access to language services. A professional career ladder for language staff contributed to improving the quality and access of language services and advancing the interpreting profession by incorporating care coordination support, vital document translation, and cultural consultancy.

Ground Radio Operator Career Ladder AFSC 293X3.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-07-01

formal resident training, OJT, and ,her Air Force management decisions . The structure of jobs within the Ground ! odio Operatoi career ladder was...33 ADJUST ANTENNA TUNING UNITS 33 TYPE RECORDS, REPORTS, OR FORMS :33 OPERATE AUXILLARY GENERATORS 33 A8 ’iT’ TASKS PERFORMED BY SUPERVISORS AND

Ladder Operators for Some Spherically Symmetric Potentials in Quantum Mechanics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Newmarch, J. D.; Golding, R. M.

1978-01-01

The energy levels of the free field, Coulomb potential, and the three-dimensional harmonic oscillator are found using the Dirac operator formalism by the construction of suitable ladder operators. The degeneracy of each level is also discussed. (Author/GA)

Pavements Maintenance and Construction Equipment Operator Career Ladders: United States Air Force Job Inventory. AFSCs 55130/31, 55150/51, 55170/71, and 55191.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Air Force Personnel and Training Research Center, Lackland AFB, TX.

The U. S. Air Force job inventory for the pavements maintenance and construction equipment operator career ladders is divided into 26 categories, each of which is broken down into a duty-task list. Space is provided for Air Force personnel filling out the inventory to check whether each task is at present part of their duties. The 26 categories…

Doping evolution of charge and spin excitations in two-leg Hubbard ladders: Comparing DMRG and FLEX results [Doping evolution of charge and spin excitations in two-leg Hubbard ladders: Comparing DMRG and RPA+FLEX results

DOE PAGES

Nocera, Alberto; Wang, Yan; Patel, Niravkumar D.; ...

2018-05-31

Here, we study the magnetic and charge dynamical response of a Hubbard model in a two-leg ladder geometry using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method and the random phase approximation within the fluctuation-exchange approximation (FLEX). Our calculations reveal that FLEX can capture the main features of the magnetic response from weak up to intermediate Hubbard repulsion for doped ladders, when compared with the numerically exact DMRG results. However, while at weak Hubbard repulsion both the spin and charge spectra can be understood in terms of weakly interacting electron-hole excitations across the Fermi surface, at intermediate coupling DMRG shows gappedmore » spin excitations at large momentum transfer that remain gapless within the FLEX approximation. For the charge response, FLEX can only reproduce the main features of the DMRG spectra at weak coupling and high doping levels, while it shows an incoherent character away from this limit. Overall, our analysis shows that FLEX works surprisingly well for spin excitations at weak and intermediate Hubbard U values even in the difficult low-dimensional geometry such as a two-leg ladder. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for neutron scattering and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments on two-leg ladder cuprate compounds.« less

Doping evolution of charge and spin excitations in two-leg Hubbard ladders: Comparing DMRG and FLEX results [Doping evolution of charge and spin excitations in two-leg Hubbard ladders: Comparing DMRG and RPA+FLEX results

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nocera, Alberto; Wang, Yan; Patel, Niravkumar D.

Here, we study the magnetic and charge dynamical response of a Hubbard model in a two-leg ladder geometry using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method and the random phase approximation within the fluctuation-exchange approximation (FLEX). Our calculations reveal that FLEX can capture the main features of the magnetic response from weak up to intermediate Hubbard repulsion for doped ladders, when compared with the numerically exact DMRG results. However, while at weak Hubbard repulsion both the spin and charge spectra can be understood in terms of weakly interacting electron-hole excitations across the Fermi surface, at intermediate coupling DMRG shows gappedmore » spin excitations at large momentum transfer that remain gapless within the FLEX approximation. For the charge response, FLEX can only reproduce the main features of the DMRG spectra at weak coupling and high doping levels, while it shows an incoherent character away from this limit. Overall, our analysis shows that FLEX works surprisingly well for spin excitations at weak and intermediate Hubbard U values even in the difficult low-dimensional geometry such as a two-leg ladder. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for neutron scattering and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments on two-leg ladder cuprate compounds.« less

37. INTERIOR VIEW OF TANK FROM THE TOP, SHOWING LADDERS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

37. INTERIOR VIEW OF TANK FROM THE TOP, SHOWING LADDERS ON SIDES AND THE WATERTIGHT DOOR OF THE 18-FOOT LOCK No date - U.S. Naval Submarine Base, New London Submarine Escape Training Tank, Albacore & Darter Roads, Groton, New London County, CT

New insights into the origin of ladder dikes: Implications for punctuated growth and crystal accumulation in the Cathedral Peak granodiorite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wiebe, R. A.; Jellinek, A. M.; Hodge, K. F.

2017-04-01

Ladder dikes are steep tabular bodies, typically a meter or less thick, composed of moderately dipping, concave upward, alternating dark (i.e. schlieren) and light bands oriented roughly perpendicular to the ladder dike margins. These structures occur widely but sparsely in granitic rocks and are found prominently in the Cathedral Peak granodiorite (CPG) of the Tuolumne Intrusive suite. Previous studies have interpreted that ladder dikes form as a result of processes including the downward flow of crystal mush in cracks within strong crystal mush or by upward flow in steep tubes that migrate within a strong crystal mush. Our new observations indicate that ladder dikes formed by downward flow of crystal mush in troughs or valleys, in a manner potentially comparable to trough bands in mafic layered intrusions. Extensions of the schlieren outward and upward away from the ladder dike margins into the host granite demonstrate that the host granite was deposited as mounds on both sides at the same time as the ladder dikes. Ladder dikes, therefore, record lateral flows of crystal mush on a magma chamber floor. Vertical exposures suggest these flows are on the order of ten meters thick. Some steep exposures on granite domes indicate multiple ladder dikes (and flows) over a stratigraphic height of 80-100 m. Later (stratigraphically higher) flows commonly deform and erode the top of an earlier flow, and granitic material rich in K-feldspar megacrysts has locally engulfed large blocks of ladder dikes, demonstrating that the megacrysts were also transported in flows. Flows in the CPG are directed away from the center of the pluton toward the western and eastern margins and apparently spread along a strong crystal mush floor and into a rheologically complex CPG magma. Whereas established dynamical models for spreading (single phase) gravity currents with simple and complex rheologies explain the elongate geometry, spacing and orientation of the tabular bodies, the origin and

Stimulated emission from ladder-type two-photon coherent atomic ensemble.

PubMed

Park, Jiho; Moon, Han Seb

2018-05-28

We investigated the stimulated emission from a ladder-type two-photon coherent atomic ensemble, for the 5S 1/2 - 5P 3/2 - 5D 5/2 transition of 87 Rb atoms. Under the ladder-type two-photon resonance condition obtained using pump and coupling lasers, we observed broad four-wave mixing (FWM) light stimulated from two-photon coherence induced by the seed laser coupled between the ground state of 5S 1/2 and the first excited state of 5P 3/2 . A dip in the FWM spectrum was obtained for three-photon resonance due to V-type two-photon coherence using the pump and seed lasers. From the FWM spectra obtained for varying frequency detuning and seed-laser power, we determined that the seed laser acts as a stimulator for FWM generation, but also acts as a disturber of FWM due to V-type two-photon coherence.

Two-point resistance of the Möbius ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chair, Noureddine; Dannoun, Elham Mohammed Ali

2015-03-01

Exact formulas for the two-point resistance and the Kirchhoff index of the Möbius ladder are given based on the recently developed analytical approach by Chair (2012 Ann. Phys. 327 2899). The expression for the two-point resistance is written in terms of the two-point resistance of N/2-cycle graph and the Bejaia and the Pisa numbers recently introduced by the first author.

Interplay of localized pyrene chromophores and π-conjugation in novel poly(2,7-pyrene) ladder polymers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rudnick, Alexander; Kass, Kim-Julia; Preis, Eduard; Scherf, Ullrich; Bässler, Heinz; Köhler, Anna

2017-05-01

We present a detailed spectroscopic study, along with the synthesis, of conjugated, ladder-type 2,7-linked poly(pyrene)s. We observe a delocalization of the first singlet excited state along the polymer backbone, i.e., across the 2,7 linkage in the pyrene moiety, in contrast to earlier studies on conjugated 2,7-linked poly(pyrene)s without ladder structure. The electronic signature of the pyrene unit is, however, manifested in an increased lifetime and reduced oscillator strength as well as a modified vibronic progression in absorption of the singlet state compared to a ladder-type poly(para-phenylene) (MeLPPP). Furthermore, the reduced oscillator strength and increased lifetime slow down Förster-type energy transfer in films, where this transfer occurs to sites with increasing inter-chain coupling of H-type nature.

Broken Time-Reversal Symmetry in Strongly Correlated Ladder Structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Troyer, Matthias

2004-03-01

A decade after the first detailed numerical investigations of strongly correlated ladder models, exotic and interesting phases are still being discovered. Besides charge and spin density wave states with broken translational symmetry, and resonating valence bond (RVB) type superconductivity, a time reversal symmetry borken phase was recently found at half filling [J.B. Marston et al., Phys. Rev. Lett 89, 056404 (2002)]. In this talk I will present our recent results of density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 186401 (2003)], where we provide, for the first time, in a doped strongly correlated system (two-leg ladder), a controlled theoretical demonstration of the existence of this state in which long-range ordered orbital currents are arranged in a staggered pattern. This phase, which we found to coexist with a charge density wave, is known in the literature under the names ``staggered flux phase'', ``orbital antiferromagnetism'' or ``d-density wave (DDW)''. This brings us closer to recent proposals that this order might be realized in the enigmatic pseudogap phase of the cuprate high temperature superconductors.

Undergraduate Education: An Essential Rung on the Rehabilitation Career Ladder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evenson, Tom; Holloway, Linda

2007-01-01

This article presents the historical pertinence of undergraduate education to developing a career ladder within the field of vocational rehabilitation. Support for the relevance is presented through the results of an investigation of baccalaureate-level competence and preparation as perceived by graduates of rehabilitation services programs. Job…

Mesoscopic Vortex–Meissner currents in ring ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haug, Tobias; Amico, Luigi; Dumke, Rainer; Kwek, Leong-Chuan

2018-07-01

Recent experimental progress have revealed Meissner and Vortex phases in low-dimensional ultracold atoms systems. Atomtronic setups can realize ring ladders, while explicitly taking the finite size of the system into account. This enables the engineering of quantized chiral currents and phase slips in between them. We find that the mesoscopic scale modifies the current. Full control of the lattice configuration reveals a reentrant behavior of Vortex and Meissner phases. Our approach allows a feasible diagnostic of the currents’ configuration through time-of-flight measurements.

Some finite terms from ladder diagrams in three and four loop maximal supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basu, Anirban

2015-10-01

We consider the finite part of the leading local interactions in the low energy expansion of the four graviton amplitude from the ladder skeleton diagrams in maximal supergravity on T 2, at three and four loops. At three loops, we express the {D}8{{R}}4 and {D}10{{R}}4 amplitudes as integrals over the moduli space of an underlying auxiliary geometry. These amplitudes are evaluated exactly for special values of the the moduli of the auxiliary geometry, where the integrand simplifies. We also perform a similar analysis for the {D}8{{R}}4 amplitude at four loops that arise from the ladder skeleton diagrams for a special value of a parameter in the moduli space of the auxiliary geometry. While the dependence of the amplitudes on the volume of the T 2 is very simple, the dependence on the complex structure of the T 2 is quite intricate. In some of the cases, the amplitude consists of terms each of which factorizes into a product of two {SL}(2,{{Z}}) invariant modular forms. While one of the factors is a non-holomorphic Eisenstein series, the other factor splits into a sum of modular forms each of which satisfies a Poisson equation on moduli space with source terms that are bilinear in the Eisenstein series. This leads to several possible perturbative contributions unto genus 5 in type II string theory on S1. Unlike the one and two loop supergravity analysis, these amplitudes also receive non-perturbative contributions from bound states of three D-(anti)instantons in the IIB theory.

Optical Spectra of the Jaynes-Cummings Ladder

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Laussy, Fabrice P.; Valle, Elena del

2009-06-29

We explore how the Jaynes-Cummings ladder transpires in the emitted spectra of a two-level system in strong coupling with a single mode of light. We focus on the case of very strong coupling, that would be achieved with systems of exceedingly good quality (very long lifetimes for both the emitter and the cavity). We focus on the incoherent regime of excitation, that is realized with semiconductors quantum dots in microcavities, and discuss how reasonable is the understanding of the systems in terms of transitions between dressed states of the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian.

Low-Field Bi-Skyrmion Formation in a Noncentrosymmetric Chimney Ladder Ferromagnet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takagi, R.; Yu, X. Z.; White, J. S.; Shibata, K.; Kaneko, Y.; Tatara, G.; Rønnow, H. M.; Tokura, Y.; Seki, S.

2018-01-01

The real-space spin texture and the relevant magnetic parameters were investigated for an easy-axis noncentrosymmetric ferromagnet Cr11 Ge19 with Nowotny chimney ladder structure. Using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we report the formation of bi-Skyrmions, i.e., pairs of spin vortices with opposite magnetic helicities. The quantitative evaluation of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) proves that the magnetic dipolar interaction plays a more important role than the DMI on the observed bi-Skyrmion formation. Notably, the critical magnetic field value required for the formation of bi-Skyrmions turned out to be extremely small in this system, which is ascribed to strong easy-axis anisotropy associated with the characteristic helix crystal structure. The family of Nowotny chimney ladder compounds may offer a unique material platform where two distinctive Skyrmion formation mechanisms favoring different topological spin textures can become simultaneously active.

Two-leg ladder systems with dipole–dipole Fermion interactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mosadeq, Hamid; Asgari, Reza

2018-05-01

The ground-state phase diagram of a two-leg fermionic dipolar ladder with inter-site interactions is studied using density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) techniques. We use a state-of-the-art implementation of the DMRG algorithm and finite size scaling to simulate large system sizes with high accuracy. We also consider two different model systems and explore stable phases in half and quarter filling factors. We find that in the half filling, the charge and spin gaps emerge in a finite value of the dipole–dipole and on-site interactions. In the quarter filling case, s-wave superconducting state, charge density wave, homogenous insulating and phase separation phases occur depend on the interaction values. Moreover, in the dipole–dipole interaction, the D-Mott phase emerges when the hopping terms along the chain and rung are the same, whereas, this phase has been only proposed for the anisotropic Hubbard model. In the half filling case, on the other hand, there is either charge-density wave or charged Mott order phase depends on the orientation of the dipole moments of the particles with respect to the ladder geometry.

The Missouri Career Development and Teacher Excellence Plan: An Initial Study of Missouri's Career Ladder Program. A Technical Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schofer, Richard C.; And Others

The Missouri Plan provides for direct participation of teachers in the planning, development, and implementation of the district career ladder plan. This study analyzed the appropriateness of the Missouri teacher incentive plan. In particular, the study sought to determine why districts did or did not choose to implement career ladder programs;…

Tank 188A, detail of valves, pipes, and top access ladder ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Tank 188-A, detail of valves, pipes, and top access ladder on east side. Ordnance warehouse A-199 is in the far distance. View to south. - Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Fresh Water Tanks, East of Mesa Road & north of Kieper Road, Vallejo, Solano County, CA

The transport dynamics of chloride and sodium in a ladder fen during a continuous wastewater polishing experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCarter, Colin P. R.; Price, Jonathan S.

2017-06-01

Ladder fen peatlands have excellent potential for wastewater polishing as they naturally contain both open water (pools) and subsurface (peat) treatment landforms; however, there is a poor understanding of solute transport in ladder fens with and without the increased hydrological load imposed by wastewater discharge. To better understand solute transport in ladder fens under wastewater polishing conditions a continuous solute (NaCl) tracer experiment (38 m3 day-1 of water, chloride - 47.2 mg L-1, and sodium - 25.3 mg L-1) was conducted during the summer of 2014 (day of year 192-243) in a small ladder fen in the James Bay Lowland. The transmissivity distribution and effective porosity (average 0.5) of the peat ribs were determined through repeated bail tests and the drainable porosity of 18 peat cores at -100 mb, respectively. Water samples were taken at least every 7 days to capture the solute (sodium and chloride) plumes. Both solute plumes never reached the site outflow (∼250 m downgradient) and displayed complex plume morphology, typically following the patterns of higher hydraulic conductivity within the upper 0.1 m of the saturated peat, rather than the microtopography. Based on the 50% breakthrough isotherms, sodium and chloride were transported at an average solute velocity of 1.9 and 1.1 m day-1, respectively (average linear groundwater velocity = 2.1 m day-1); thus, the solutes were retarded by a factor of 2.1 and 1.2 for sodium and chloride, respectively. Due to the inherent retardation of solutes into inactive pores and relatively high solute residence times, this study demonstrates the potential for wastewater polishing in ladder fens.

DETAIL VIEW ON THE MAIN ASSEMBLY LEVEL OF A LADDER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL VIEW ON THE MAIN ASSEMBLY LEVEL OF A LADDER TO THE CATWALK AT COLUMN LINE AA-28 SHOWING VERTICAL MECHANICAL DUCT, RETURN AIR FLOOR GRILLE, STEEL INDUSTRIAL SASH WINDOWS AND CROSS BRACING OF SOUTH WALL. - Offutt Air Force Base, Glenn L. Martin-Nebraska Bomber Plant, Building D, Peacekeeper Drive, Bellevue, Sarpy County, NE

Real-space localization and quantification of hole distribution in chain-ladder Sr3Ca11Cu24O41 superconductor.

PubMed

Bugnet, Matthieu; Löffler, Stefan; Hawthorn, David; Dabkowska, Hanna A; Luke, Graeme M; Schattschneider, Peter; Sawatzky, George A; Radtke, Guillaume; Botton, Gianluigi A

2016-03-01

Understanding the physical properties of the chain-ladder Sr3Ca11Cu24O41 hole-doped superconductor has been precluded by the unknown hole distribution among chains and ladders. We use electron energy-loss spectrometry (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) at atomic resolution to directly separate the contributions of chains and ladders and to unravel the hole distribution from the atomic scale variations of the O-K near-edge structures. The experimental data unambiguously demonstrate that most of the holes lie within the chain layers. A quantitative interpretation supported by inelastic scattering calculations shows that about two holes are located in the ladders, and about four holes in the chains, shedding light on the electronic structure of Sr3Ca11Cu24O41. Combined atomic resolution STEM-EELS and inelastic scattering calculations is demonstrated as a powerful approach toward a quantitative understanding of the electronic structure of cuprate superconductors, offering new possibilities for elucidating their physical properties.

Real-space localization and quantification of hole distribution in chain-ladder Sr3Ca11Cu24O41 superconductor

PubMed Central

Bugnet, Matthieu; Löffler, Stefan; Hawthorn, David; Dabkowska, Hanna A.; Luke, Graeme M.; Schattschneider, Peter; Sawatzky, George A.; Radtke, Guillaume; Botton, Gianluigi A.

2016-01-01

Understanding the physical properties of the chain-ladder Sr3Ca11Cu24O41 hole-doped superconductor has been precluded by the unknown hole distribution among chains and ladders. We use electron energy-loss spectrometry (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) at atomic resolution to directly separate the contributions of chains and ladders and to unravel the hole distribution from the atomic scale variations of the O-K near-edge structures. The experimental data unambiguously demonstrate that most of the holes lie within the chain layers. A quantitative interpretation supported by inelastic scattering calculations shows that about two holes are located in the ladders, and about four holes in the chains, shedding light on the electronic structure of Sr3Ca11Cu24O41. Combined atomic resolution STEM-EELS and inelastic scattering calculations is demonstrated as a powerful approach toward a quantitative understanding of the electronic structure of cuprate superconductors, offering new possibilities for elucidating their physical properties. PMID:27051872

Effect of sieving polymer concentration on separation of 100 bp DNA Ladder by capillary gel electrophoresis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakazumi, T.; Hara, Y.

2017-09-01

We studied the effect of sieving polymer concentration on separation of a 100 bp DNA Ladder by capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) using hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with a molecular size of 1000 k. For measurement purposes, we selected a fused silica capillary with total length of 15 cm and effective length of 7.5 cm; this was applied to compact CGE equipment for a Point-Care-Testing (POCT) system. Measurement results of the 100 bp DNA Ladder sample indicated that small DNA separation was significantly affected by HEC sieving polymer concentration. This was due to the level of entanglement between small DNA molecules and the sieving polymer chain significantly influencing migration time, mobility, and resolution length of the CGE process. We concluded that 1.0 w/v % HEC sieving polymer concentration was optimal for CGE separation of DNA ≥1000bp in the 100 bp DNA Ladder (100-1500 bp) when using the short-length capillary.

SUSY’s Ladder: Reframing sequestering at Large Volume

DOE PAGES

Reece, Matthew; Xue, Wei

2016-04-07

Theories with approximate no-scale structure, such as the Large Volume Scenario, have a distinctive hierarchy of multiple mass scales in between TeV gaugino masses and the Planck scale, which we call SUSY's Ladder. This is a particular realization of Split Supersymmetry in which the same small parameter suppresses gaugino masses relative to scalar soft masses, scalar soft masses relative to the gravitino mass, and the UV cutoff or string scale relative to the Planck scale. This scenario has many phenomenologically interesting properties, and can avoid dangers including the gravitino problem, flavor problems, and the moduli-induced LSP problem that plague othermore » supersymmetric theories. We study SUSY's Ladder using a superspace formalism that makes the mysterious cancelations in previous computations manifest. This opens the possibility of a consistent effective field theory understanding of the phenomenology of these scenarios, based on power-counting in the small ratio of string to Planck scales. We also show that four-dimensional theories with approximate no-scale structure enforced by a single volume modulus arise only from two special higher-dimensional theories: five-dimensional supergravity and ten-dimensional type IIB supergravity. As a result, this gives a phenomenological argument in favor of ten dimensional ultraviolet physics which is different from standard arguments based on the consistency of superstring theory.« less

Evaluation Practice and Theory: Up and down the Ladder of Abstraction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leviton, Laura C.

2015-01-01

Debra Rog presented the 2014 Eleanor Chelimsky Forum address, offering ways to integrate evaluation theory and practice by abundant use of practice examples. These examples illustrate the effective use of the Ladder of Abstraction from semantics, working from the concrete to the abstract and back again.

Parents' Participation on School Councils Analysed through Arnstein's Ladder of Participation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stelmach, Bonnie

2016-01-01

Although parent school councils are the archetypal arrangement for engaging parents in school improvement planning, their effectiveness is negligible when it comes to building parents' capacity for and confidence in educational decision-making. Using Arnstein's ladder of citizen participation, this qualitative case study investigated the nature…

Dental Laboratory Career Ladder (AFSC 4Y1X1)

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-08-01

analysis identified one job cluster and seven jobs: Base Dental Lab cluster, Orthodontic Appliance Fabricator job, Fixed Restoration Fabricator job, Crown...reline and repair, removable partial denture construction, crown and fixed partial denture construction, fabrication of orthodontic appliances, and...specialized prostheses. Preventive maintenance and safety precautions for dental laboratory equipment are also stressed . Entry into the career ladder

E3: Education, Experience, Employment The Economic Ladder to Success

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Anne L Seifert

2011-10-01

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) literate citizenry is critical for Idaho's economy to effectively compete and grow in today's global marketplace and enhance Idaho workforce capabilities. Idaho's blueprint presents a collaboration design developed by a group of Idaho stakeholders including state level (STEM) educators, state and federal government, other agencies, and industry across the state. The purpose the Idaho Learn and Earn Blueprint Design is to describe a comprehensive plan for improving STEM education in Idaho through a collaborative partnerships and a series of grant supported projects underpinning this strategic design process building pathways to overcome hurdles in today'smore » economy, and moving communities and families up their economic ladder. The Idaho Learn and Earn Blueprint Design focuses on three industry sectors; energy, advanced manufacturing, and health care. All are important in Idaho and have room for job growth potential among both displaced workers and graduates. Representatives from each sector are members of the design team and assist in developing grants and implementing the actions outlined in the design as the program goes forward. Idaho's current programs are generally institution specific. Each of the state's two-year colleges, along with regional groups and employers, are already working towards improving STEM education across the state. A key aspect of this design is to bring these groups together to focus on four unique goals: (1) Providing industry driven curriculum directly tied to skill based career needs; (2) Enhancing collaboration among stakeholders; (3) Providing access to learn and earn programs; and (4) Improving public and student awareness and interest in targeted industry sector career and educational opportunities.« less

Career Ladders and the Professionalization of Teaching: Down the Up Staircase.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dunwell, Robert R.

School systems interested in improving teacher performance, effectiveness, and job satisfaction while reducing turnover rates might do better to seek ways to enhance the intrinsic rewards of teaching rather than implement such extrinsic motivators as merit pay plans and career ladders. A review of the research literature brings several important…

16. View, looking west, of fish ladder and steel frame ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

16. View, looking west, of fish ladder and steel frame supporting fish trap, both constructed by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1949. One-story wood-frame building with hip roof is a utility shed used for fish-trap operation. Photo by Jet Lowe, HAER, 1989. - Puget Sound Power & Light Company, White River Hydroelectric Project, 600 North River Avenue, Dieringer, Pierce County, WA

Astronaut Alan Bean steps from ladder of Lunar Module for EVA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1969-01-01

Astronaut Alan L. Bean, lunar module pilot for the Apollo 12 lunar landing mission, steps from the ladder of the Lunar Module to join Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., commander, in extravehicular activity on November 19, 1969. Astronaut Ricard F. Gordon Jr., command module pilot, remained with the Command/Service Modules in lunar orbit.

Frustrated quantum magnetism in the Kondo lattice on the zigzag ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peschke, Matthias; Rausch, Roman; Potthoff, Michael

2018-03-01

The interplay between the Kondo effect, indirect magnetic interaction, and geometrical frustration is studied in the Kondo lattice on the one-dimensional zigzag ladder. Using the density-matrix renormalization group, the ground-state and various short- and long-range spin- and density-correlation functions are calculated for the model at half filling as a function of the antiferromagnetic Kondo interaction down to J =0.3 t , where t is the nearest-neighbor hopping on the zigzag ladder. Geometrical frustration is shown to lead to at least two critical points: Starting from the strong-J limit, where almost local Kondo screening dominates and where the system is a nonmagnetic Kondo insulator, antiferromagnetic correlations between nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor local spins become stronger and stronger, until at Jcdim≈0.89 t frustration is alleviated by a spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry and a corresponding transition to a dimerized state. This is characterized by antiferromagnetic correlations along the legs and by alternating antiferro- and ferromagnetic correlations on the rungs of the ladder. A mechanism of partial Kondo screening that has been suggested for the Kondo lattice on the two-dimensional triangular lattice is not realized in the one-dimensional case. Furthermore, within the symmetry-broken dimerized state, there is a magnetic transition to a 90∘ quantum spin spiral with quasi-long-range order at Jcmag≈0.84 t . The quantum-critical point is characterized by a closure of the spin gap (with decreasing J ) and a divergence of the spin-correlation length and of the spin-structure factor S (q ) at wave vector q =π /2 . This is opposed to the model on the one-dimensional bipartite chain, which is known to have a finite spin gap for all J >0 at half filling.

A Demonstration of Helping Adolescents with Mild Intellectual Disability Climb Ladders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chan, Kok Hoe Anthony; Varahan, Jayashree Lakshmi; Loh, Peng Loong Daniel; Tan, Sey Ing

2011-01-01

A research team at a vocational school in Singapore, catering mainly to students between the ages of 17-21 with mild intellectual disability, studied how to best address the challenge of enabling students to learn how to climb ladders (a skill necessary at many job placements). They documented the approach used and suggested extrapolations and…

Optimal temperature ladders in replica exchange simulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Denschlag, Robert; Lingenheil, Martin; Tavan, Paul

2009-04-01

In replica exchange simulations, a temperature ladder with N rungs spans a given temperature interval. Considering systems with heat capacities independent of the temperature, here we address the question of how large N should be chosen for an optimally fast diffusion of the replicas through the temperature space. Using a simple example we show that choosing average acceptance probabilities of about 45% and computing N accordingly maximizes the round trip rates r across the given temperature range. This result differs from previous analyses which suggested smaller average acceptance probabilities of about 23%. We show that the latter choice maximizes the ratio r/N instead of r.

Clarifying the Hubble constant tension with a Bayesian hierarchical model of the local distance ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feeney, Stephen M.; Mortlock, Daniel J.; Dalmasso, Niccolò

2018-05-01

Estimates of the Hubble constant, H0, from the local distance ladder and from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are discrepant at the ˜3σ level, indicating a potential issue with the standard Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmology. A probabilistic (i.e. Bayesian) interpretation of this tension requires a model comparison calculation, which in turn depends strongly on the tails of the H0 likelihoods. Evaluating the tails of the local H0 likelihood requires the use of non-Gaussian distributions to faithfully represent anchor likelihoods and outliers, and simultaneous fitting of the complete distance-ladder data set to ensure correct uncertainty propagation. We have hence developed a Bayesian hierarchical model of the full distance ladder that does not rely on Gaussian distributions and allows outliers to be modelled without arbitrary data cuts. Marginalizing over the full ˜3000-parameter joint posterior distribution, we find H0 = (72.72 ± 1.67) km s-1 Mpc-1 when applied to the outlier-cleaned Riess et al. data, and (73.15 ± 1.78) km s-1 Mpc-1 with supernova outliers reintroduced (the pre-cut Cepheid data set is not available). Using our precise evaluation of the tails of the H0 likelihood, we apply Bayesian model comparison to assess the evidence for deviation from ΛCDM given the distance-ladder and CMB data. The odds against ΛCDM are at worst ˜10:1 when considering the Planck 2015 XIII data, regardless of outlier treatment, considerably less dramatic than naïvely implied by the 2.8σ discrepancy. These odds become ˜60:1 when an approximation to the more-discrepant Planck Intermediate XLVI likelihood is included.

16 CFR § 1207.5 - Design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... installed swimming pool slide shall be such that no structural failures of any component part shall cause failures of any other component part of the slide as described in the performance tests in paragraphs (d)(4... number and placement of such fasteners shall not cause a failure of the tread under the ladder loading...

Electron spin resonance modes in a strong-leg ladder in the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid phase

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ozerov, M.; Maksymenko, M.; Wosnitza, J.; Honecker, A.; Landee, C. P.; Turnbull, M. M.; Furuya, S. C.; Giamarchi, T.; Zvyagin, S. A.

2015-12-01

Magnetic excitations in the strong-leg quantum spin ladder compound (C7H10N) 2CuBr4 (known as DIMPY) in the field-induced Tomonaga-Luttinger spin-liquid phase are studied by means of high-field electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The presence of a gapped ESR mode with unusual nonlinear frequency-field dependence is revealed experimentally. Using a combination of analytic and exact-diagonalization methods, we compute the dynamical structure factor and identify this mode with longitudinal excitations in the antisymmetric channel. We argue that these excitations constitute a fingerprint of the spin dynamics in a strong-leg spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic ladder and owe their ESR observability to the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.

[Ladder step strategy for surgical repair of congenital concealed penis in children].

PubMed

Wang, Fu-Ran; Zhong, Hong-Ji; Chen, Yi; Zhao, Jun-Feng; Li, Yan

2016-11-01

To assess the feasibility of the ladder step strategy in surgical repair of congenital concealed penis in children. This study included 52 children with congenital concealed penis treated in the past two years by surgical repair using the ladder step strategy, which consists of five main steps: cutting the narrow ring of the foreskin, degloving the penile skin, fixing the penile skin at the base, covering the penile shaft, and reshaping the prepuce. The perioperative data of the patients were prospectively collected and statistically described. Of the 52 patients, 20 needed remodeling of the frenulum and 27 received longitudinal incision in the penoscrotal junction to expose and deglove the penile shaft. The advanced scrotal flap technique was applied in 8 children to cover the penile shaft without tension, the pedicled foreskin flap technique employed in 11 to repair the penile skin defect, and excision of the webbed skin of the ventral penis performed in another 44 to remodel the penoscrotal angle. The operation time, blood loss, and postoperative hospital stay were 40－100 minutes, 5－30 ml, and 3－6 days, respectively. Wound bleeding and infection occurred in 1 and 5 cases, respectively. Follow-up examinations at 3 and 6 months after surgery showed that all the children had a satisfactory penile appearance except for some minor complications (2 cases of penile retraction, 2 cases of redundant ventral skin, and 1 case of iatrogenic penile curvature). The ladder step strategy for surgical repair of congenital concealed penis in children is a simple procedure with minor injury and satisfactory appearance of the penis.

Spin rotational symmetry breaking by orbital current patterns in two-leg Cu-O Hubbard ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chudzinski, Piotr; Gabay, Marc; Giamarchi, Thierry

2010-03-01

In the weak-coupling limit, we study, as a function of doping, two-leg ladders with a unit cell containing both Cu and O atoms. For purely repulsive interactions, using bosonization and a novel RG scheme, we find that in a broad region of the phase diagram, the ground state consists of a pattern of orbital currents (OCP) defined on the top of an incommensurate density wave. The internal symmetry of the OCP is specific for the ladder structure, different than the ones suggested up to now for 2D cuprates. We focus on this OCP and look for measurable signals of its existence: we compute magnetic fields induced within the ladder and we check what kind of changes in the phase diagram one may expect due to SU(2) spin-rotational symmetry breaking. We also investigate a single impurity problem (incl. OCP): we discuss if Kondo physics is at play, and make qualitative predictions about the nature of impurity backscattering. This enables us to show the influence of SU(2) symmetry breaking on conductivity. We estimate the value of gap opened due to the OCP, give analytic expressions for correlation functions and discuss magnetic properties of a new phase.

Magnetic phase diagram of a frustrated spin ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sugimoto, Takanori; Mori, Michiyasu; Tohyama, Takami; Maekawa, Sadamichi

2018-04-01

Frustrated spin ladders show magnetization plateaux depending on the rung-exchange interaction and frustration defined by the ratio of first and second neighbor exchange interactions in each chain. This paper reports on its magnetic phase diagram. Using the variational matrix-product state method, we accurately determine phase boundaries. Several kinds of magnetization plateaux are induced by the frustration and the strong correlation among quasiparticles on a lattice. The appropriate description of quasiparticles and their relevant interactions are changed by a magnetic field. We find that the frustration differentiates the triplet quasiparticle from the singlet one in kinetic energy.

Astronaut Alan Bean steps from ladder of Lunar Module for EVA

NASA Image and Video Library

1969-11-19

AS12-46-6729 (19 Nov. 1969) --- Astronaut Alan L. Bean, lunar module pilot for the Apollo 12 lunar landing mission, steps from the ladder of the Lunar Module to join astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., commander, in extravehicular activity on Nov. 19, 1969. Astronaut Richard F. Gordon Jr., command module pilot, remained with the Command and Service Modules in lunar orbit.

Context View from 11' on ladder from southeast corner of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Context View from 11' on ladder from southeast corner of Bottle Village parcel, just inside fence. Doll Head Shrine at far left frame, Living Trailer (c.1960 "Spartanette") in center frame. Little Wishing Well at far right frame. Some shrines and small buildings were destroyed in the January 1994 Northridge earthquake, and only their perimeter walls and foundations exist. Camera facing north northwest. - Grandma Prisbrey's Bottle Village, 4595 Cochran Street, Simi Valley, Ventura County, CA

Integrated Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A). As-Designed Parts List: Electrical, Electronic and Electromechanical (EEE) As-Designed Parts List

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lorenz, E.

1999-01-01

This report comprises the Electrical, Electronic, and Electromechanical (EEE) As Designed Parts List to be used in the Integrated Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) instrument. The purpose of the EEE As-Designed Parts List is to provide a listing of EEE parts identified for use on the Integrated AMSU-A. All EEE parts used on the AMSU-A must meet the parts control requirements as defined in the Parts Control Plan (POP). All part applications are reviewed by the Parts Control Board (PCB) and granted approval if POP requirements are met. The "As Designed Parts Lists" indicates PCB approval status, and thus also serves as the Program Approved Parts List.

Phase transitions and magnetization of the mixed-spin Ising–Heisenberg double sawtooth frustrated ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arian Zad, Hamid; Ananikian, Nerses

2018-04-01

The mixed spin-(1,1/2) Ising–Heisenberg double sawtooth ladder containing a mixture of both spin-1 and spin-1/2 nodal atoms, and the spin-1/2 interstitial dimers are approximately solved by the transfer-matrix method. Here, we study in detail the ground-state phase diagrams, also influences of the bilinear exchange coupling on the rungs and cyclic four-spin exchange interaction in square plaquette of each block on the magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of the suggested ladder at low temperature. Such a double sawtooth ladder may be found in a Shastry-Sutherland lattice-type. In spite of the spin ordering of odd and even blocks being different from each other, due to the commutation relation between all different block Hamiltonians, phase diagrams, magnetization behavior and thermodynamic properties of the model are the same for odd and even blocks. We show that at low temperature, both exchange couplings can change the quality and quantity of the magnetization plateaus versus the magnetic field changes. Specially, we find a new magnetization plateau M/Ms= 5/6 for this model. Besides, we examine the magnetic susceptibility and specific heat of the model in detail. It is proven that behaviors of the magnetization and the magnetic susceptibility coincide at low temperature. The specific heat displays diverse temperature dependencies, which include a Schottky-type peak at a special temperature interval. We observe that with increase of the bilinear exchange coupling on the rungs, second peak temperature dependence grows.

Teacher Bonuses for Extra Work: A Profile of Missouri's Career Ladder Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Silman, Timothy; Glazerman, Steven

2009-01-01

This report set out to profile the Missouri Career Ladder program by delving beneath the surface and comparing how the program works in practice (based on stakeholder accounts) with how it works in theory (based on published statutes and regulations). The authors found that in many respects the program operates as one might expect. Districts…

Non-local electron transport through normal and topological ladder-like atomic systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurzyna, Marcin; Kwapiński, Tomasz

2018-05-01

We propose a locally protected ladder-like atomic system (nanoconductor) on a substrate that is insensitive to external perturbations. The system corresponds to coupled atomic chains fabricated on different surfaces. Electron transport properties of such conductors are studied theoretically using the model tight-binding Su-Schriffer-Hegger (SSH) Hamiltonian and Green's function formalism. We have found that the conductance of the system is almost insensitive to single adatoms and oscillates as a function of the side chain length with very large periods. Non-local character of the electron transport was observed also for topological SSH chains where nontrivial end states survive in the presence of disturbances as well as for different substrates. We have found that the careful inspection of the density of states or charge waves can provide the information about the atom energy levels and hopping amplitudes. Moreover, the ladder-like geometry allows one to distinguish between normal and topological zero-energy states. It is important that topological chains do not reveal Friedel oscillations which are observed in non-topological chains.

Corrosion Control Specialist Career Ladder AFSC 53530, 53550, 53570, and 53690

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-03-01

AD-AO08 189 CORROSION CONTROL SPECIALIST CAREER LADDER AFSC 53530, 53550, 53570, AND 53690 Air Force Occupational Measurement Center Lackland Air... Force Base, Texas 1 March 1975 I DISTRIBUTED BY: National Technical Information Service U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE *I 11 5091 OCCUPATIONAL SURVEY...DISCUSSION OF BACKGROUJND INFORMATION --------------------------- xxvi 01L< R PREFACE This report presents the results cf detailed Air Force

ESR modes in a Strong-Leg Ladder in the Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid Phase

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zvyagin, S.; Ozerov, M.; Maksymenko, M.; Wosnitza, J.; Honecker, A.; Landee, C. P.; Turnbull, M.; Furuya, S. C.; Giamarchi, T.

Magnetic excitations in the strong-leg quantum spin ladder compound (C7H10N)2CuBr4 (known as DIMPY) in the field-induced Tomonaga-Luttinger spin liquid phase are studied by means of high-field electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The presence of a gapped ESR mode with unusual non-linear frequency-field dependence is revealed experimentally. Using a combination of analytic and exact diagonalization methods, we compute the dynamical structure factor and identify this mode with longitudinal excitations in the antisymmetric channel. We argue that these excitations constitute a fingerprint of the spin dynamics in a strong-leg spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic ladder and owe its ESR observability to the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. This work was partially supported by the DFG and Helmholtz Gemeinschaft (Germany), Swiss SNF under Division II, and ERC synergy UQUAM project. We acknowledge the support of the HLD at HZDR, member of the European Magnetic Field Laboratory (EMFL).

Phonon and magnon dispersions of incommensurate spin ladder compound Sr14Cu24O41

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Xi; Bansal, Dipanshu; Sullivan, Sean; Zhou, Jianshi; Delaire, Olivier; Shi, Li

There are a variety of compounds consisting of two or more interpenetrating sublattices with lattice periods incommensurate at least along one crystal axis. One example is spin ladder compound Sr14Cu24O41 consisting of incommensurate spin ladder and spin chain sublattices. It has been predicted that unique phonon modes occur in these compounds due to the relative motion of the sublattices. In the low-wavelength limit, there is only one longitudinal acoustic mode due to the rigid translation of both sublattices. In addition, one extra pseudo-acoustic mode is present due to relative sliding motions of the two sublattices. Although the theoretical aspects of the lattice dynamics of incommensurate compounds have been studied, there have been few experimental investigations on their phonon dynamics. In this work, single crystals of Sr14Cu24O41are grown by the traveling solvent floating zone method. The phonon dispersion of Sr14Cu24O41 is studied through inelastic neutron scattering measurements in order to better understand its phonon dynamics. In addition, its magnon dispersion is investigated and correlated to the large directional magnon thermal conductivity. The measurements reveal a wealth of intriguing features on phonons and magnons in the spin ladder compound. This work is supported by ARO MURI program under Award # W911NF-14-1-0016.

Ising versus S U (2) 2 string-net ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vidal, Julien

2018-03-01

We consider the string-net model obtained from S U (2) 2 fusion rules. These fusion rules are shared by two different sets of anyon theories. In this paper, we study the competition between the two corresponding non-Abelian quantum phases in the ladder geometry. A detailed symmetry analysis shows that the nontrivial low-energy sector corresponds to the transverse-field cluster model that displays a critical point described by the s o (2) 1 conformal field theory. Other sectors are obtained by freezing spins in this model.

Control of Porosity in Ladder Polymers by Solvent-induced Aggregation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brady, Michael; Gamo, Eri; Wang, Cheng; Xia, Yan

Porous polymers hold promise as materials for gas absorption, membranes, and organic electronics. In all of these applications, attaining in-plane ordering of backbones and thus porous free volume impacts the ability to adsorb gas, selectively filter molecules, and conduct charges. In this work, hard and soft x-ray scattering and soft x-ray spectroscopy are of focus to study the pore structure, induced by the solution-driven aggregation of ladder polymer thin films made of LP-1 and LP-2. Using GISAXS and AFM it is shown that thermal annealing drives the growth of crystallites in thin films. Due to the completely sp2nature of the ladder polymer backbones, it is expected that backbones are extremely stiff and thus preventing them from packing once left in a metastable state following casting. Therefore, the combination of GIWAXS and GISAXS will be shown to be critical in correctly understanding how pores develop in this 700 m2/g sorbent (N2). Finally, application in CO2/N2 separation membranes towards carbon sequestration will be presented that show gas selectivity is achieved through heteroatom incorporation and polymer blending. In this talk, focus will be placed on state-of-the-art x-ray scattering and spectroscopy, highlighting the importance of chemically sensitive structural information enabled by the combination of spectroscopy and scattering at play with the use of resonant soft x-rays.

Fiscal Viability, Conjunctive and Compensatory Models, and Career-Ladder Decisions: An Empirical Investigation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mehrens, William A.; And Others

A study was undertaken to explore cost-effective ways of making career ladder teacher evaluation system decisions based on fewer measures, assessing the relationship of observational variables to other data and final decisions, and comparison of compensatory and conjunctive decision models. Data included multiple scores from eight data sources in…

Final Accumulative Results & Transfer of Knowledge of the Arizona Career Ladder Research & Evaluation Project: Impact on Student Achievement, Formulated Models, Network Anecdotes, & Recommendations to the Legislature for Policy Development, Program Continuation & State-Wide Expansion. Summative Report VIII.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Packard, Richard D.; Dereshiwsky, Mary I.

This paper presents research findings concerning the Career Ladder pilot test program in Arizona. The program is designed to reward and motivate teachers based on performance. One of the program's key features is the flexibility and innovation allowed to participating districts in their individual development of program designs and structures. An…

Refrigeration and Cryogenics Career Ladder, AFSc 54530, 54550, and 54570.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-07-01

STATES AIR FORCE D cl e 00l REFRIGERATION AND CRYOGENICS CAREER LADDER AFSCs 54530, 54550, AND 54570 AFPT 90-545-461 JULY 1983 ,-. 71983 - OCCUPATIONAL...been reviewed and is approved. PAUL T. RINGENBACH, Colonel, USAF WALTER E . DRISKILL, Ph.D. Commander Chief, Occupational Analysis Branch USAF...ASSIGNED SAMPLE AIRMAN 35 35 E -4 22 23 E -5 27 26 E -6 11 12 E -7 5 4 E -8 * E -9 * TOTALS 100 100 DENOTES LESS THAN ONE PERCENT TABLE 3 TAFHS

Theoretical study of anisotropic mobility in ladder-type molecule organic semiconductors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wei, Hui-Ling; Liu, Yu-Fang

2014-09-01

The properties of two ladder-type semiconductors {M1: 2,2'-(2,7-dihexy1-4,9-dihydro- s-indaceno[1,2- b:5,6- b']dithiophene-4,9-diylidene) dimalononitrile and M2: 2,7-dihexy1-4,9-dihydro- s-indaceno[1,2- b:5,6- b']dithiophene-4,9-dione} as the n-type and ambipolar organic materials are systematically investigated using the first-principle density functional theory combined with the Marcus-Hush electron transfer theory. It is found that the substitution of M1 induces large changes in its electron-transfer mobility of 1.370 cm2 V-1 s-1. M2 has both large electron- and hole-transfer mobility of 0.420 and 0.288 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively, which indicates that M2 is potentially a high efficient ambipolar organic semiconducting material. Both the M1 and M2 crystals show remarkable anisotropic behavior. A proper design of the n-type and ambipolar organic electronic materials, which may have high mobility performance, is suggested based on the investigated two molecules.

South Dakota Statewide Core Curriculum, Career Ladder, and Challenge System. A Case History.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brekke, Donald G.; Gildseth, Wayne M.

The South Dakota Core Curriculum Project involving the career ladder approach to health manpower training, which began in 1970, had seven objectives including the following: (1) To organize a Health Manpower Council for the entire State; (2) to define the areas of basic commonality among the various training programs; and (3) to develop a core…

Analysis of an "off-ladder" allele at the Penta D short tandem repeat locus.

PubMed

Yang, Y L; Wang, J G; Wang, D X; Zhang, W Y; Liu, X J; Cao, J; Yang, S L

2015-11-25

Kinship testing of a father and his son from Guangxi, China, the location of the Zhuang minority people, was performed using the PowerPlex® 18D System with a short tandem repeat typing kit. The results indicated that both the father and his son had an off-ladder allele at the Penta D locus, with a genetic size larger than that of the maximal standard allelic ladder. To further identify this locus, monogenic amplification, gene cloning, and genetic sequencing were performed. Sequencing analysis demonstrated that the fragment size of the Penta D-OL locus was 469 bp and the core sequence was [AAAGA]21, also called Penta D-21. The rare Penta D-21 allele was found to be distributed among the Zhuang population from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China; therefore, this study improved the range of DNA data available for this locus and enhanced our ability for individual identification of gene loci.

Influence of Stress State, Stress Orientation, and Rock Properties on the Development of Deformation-Band 'Ladder' Arrays in Porous Sandstone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schultz, R. A.; Soliva, R.; Fossen, H.

2013-12-01

Deformation bands in porous rocks tend to develop into spatially organized arrays that display a variety of lengths and thicknesses, and their geometries and arrangements are of interest with respect to fluid flow in reservoirs. Field examples of deformation band arrays in layered clastic sequences suggest that the development of classic deformation band arrays, such as ladders and conjugate sets, and the secondary formation of through-going faults appear to be related to the physical properties of the host rock, the orientation of stratigraphic layers relative to the far-field stress state, and the evolution of the local stress state within the developing array. We have identified several field examples that demonstrate changes in band properties, such as type and orientation, as a function of one or more of these three main factors. Normal-sense deformation-band arrays such as those near the San Rafael Swell (Utah) develop three-dimensional ladder-style arrays at a high angle to the maximum compression direction; these cataclastic shear bands form at acute angles to the maximum compression not very different from that of the optimum frictional sliding plane, thus facilitating the eventual nucleation of a through-going fault. At Orange quarry (France), geometrically conjugate sets of reverse-sense compactional shear bands form with angles to the maximum compression direction that inhibit fault nucleation within them; the bands in this case also form at steep enough angles to bedding that stratigraphic heterogeneities within the deforming formation were apparently not important. Two exposures of thrust-sense ladders at Buckskin Gulch (Utah) demonstrate the importance of host-rock properties, bedding-plane involvement, and local stress perturbations on band-array growth. In one ladder, thrust-sense shear deformation bands nucleated along suitably oriented bedding planes, creating overprinting sets of compaction bands that can be attributed to layer properties and

Computational study of Zn-doped quantum spin chains and ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laukamp, Markus

In this dissertation, the powerful Density Matrix Renormalization Group method is applied to examine the properties of spin models. The method allows to determine accurately the properties of low lying states of finite systems of large sizes. The results gained with this technique are compared to results generated with exact diagonalization and Monte Carlo techniques. Spin models have been proposed to describe dimerized chains, ladders, two dimensional antiferromagnets, and other compounds. Here the focus is on the case where some spins are replaced by spinless vacancies. This happens e.g. upon Zn doping, when Cusp{2+} atoms are replaced by Znsp{2+}. A small percentage of vacancies rapidly destroys the spin gap, and their presence induces enhanced antiferromagnetic correlations near those vacancies. Since the phenomenon of enhanced antiferromagnetism is found to occur in several models and cluster geometries, a common simple explanation for its presence may exist. In this thesis it is argued that the resonating-valence-bond character of the spin correlations at short distances of a large variety of models is responsible for the presence of robust staggered spin correlations near vacancies and lattice edges. The phenomenon takes place regardless of the long distance properties of the ground state, and it is caused by a "pruning" of the available spin singlets in the vicinity of the vacancies. The effect produces a broadening of the low temperature NMR signal for the compounds analyzed here. This broadening should be experimentally observable in the structurally dimerized chain systems Cu(NOsb3)sb{*}2.5Hsb2O,\\ CuWOsb4,\\ (VO)sb2Psb2Osb7, and Srsb{14}Cusb{24}Osb{41}, in ladder materials such as SrCusb2Osb3, in the spin-Peierls systems CuGeOsb3 and NaVsb2Osb5, and in several others since it is a universal effect common to a wide variety of models and compounds. In addition, it is argued that the Neel order observed in SrCusb2Osb3 upon Zn doping is induced by the local

Electronic structure reconstruction across the antiferromagnetic transition in TaFe₁̣₂₃Te₃ spin ladder

DOE PAGES

Xu, Min; Wang, Li -Min; Peng, Rui; ...

2015-02-01

With angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we studied the electronic structure of TaFe₁̣₂₃Te₃, a two-leg spin ladder compound with a novel antiferromagnetic ground state. Quasi-two-dimensional Fermi surface is observed, with sizable inter-ladder hopping. Moreover, instead of observing an energy gap at the Fermi surface in the antiferromagnetic state, we observed the shifts of various bands. Combining these observations with density-functional-theory calculations, we propose that the large scale reconstruction of the electronic structure, caused by the interactions between coexisting itinerant electrons and local moments, is most likely the driving force of the magnetic transition. Thus TaFe₁̣₂₃Te₃ serves as a simpler platform that containsmore » similar ingredients as the parent compounds of iron-based superconductors.« less

Convergence and Periodic Solutions for the Input Impedance of a Standard Ladder Network

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ucak, C.; Acar, C.

2007-01-01

The input impedance of an infinite ladder network is computed by using the recursive relation and by assuming that the input impedance does not change when a new block is added to the network. However, this assumption is not true in general and standard textbooks do not always treat these networks correctly. This paper develops a general solution…

Strong Lens Time Delay Challenge. I. Experimental Design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dobler, Gregory; Fassnacht, Christopher D.; Treu, Tommaso; Marshall, Phil; Liao, Kai; Hojjati, Alireza; Linder, Eric; Rumbaugh, Nicholas

2015-02-01

The time delays between point-like images in gravitational lens systems can be used to measure cosmological parameters. The number of lenses with measured time delays is growing rapidly; the upcoming Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will monitor ~103 strongly lensed quasars. In an effort to assess the present capabilities of the community, to accurately measure the time delays, and to provide input to dedicated monitoring campaigns and future LSST cosmology feasibility studies, we have invited the community to take part in a "Time Delay Challenge" (TDC). The challenge is organized as a set of "ladders," each containing a group of simulated data sets to be analyzed blindly by participating teams. Each rung on a ladder consists of a set of realistic mock observed lensed quasar light curves, with the rungs' data sets increasing in complexity and realism. The initial challenge described here has two ladders, TDC0 and TDC1. TDC0 has a small number of data sets, and is designed to be used as a practice set by the participating teams. The (non-mandatory) deadline for completion of TDC0 was the TDC1 launch date, 2013 December 1. The TDC1 deadline was 2014 July 1. Here we give an overview of the challenge, we introduce a set of metrics that will be used to quantify the goodness of fit, efficiency, precision, and accuracy of the algorithms, and we present the results of TDC0. Thirteen teams participated in TDC0 using 47 different methods. Seven of those teams qualified for TDC1, which is described in the companion paper.

STRONG LENS TIME DELAY CHALLENGE. I. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dobler, Gregory; Fassnacht, Christopher D.; Rumbaugh, Nicholas

2015-02-01

The time delays between point-like images in gravitational lens systems can be used to measure cosmological parameters. The number of lenses with measured time delays is growing rapidly; the upcoming Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will monitor ∼10{sup 3} strongly lensed quasars. In an effort to assess the present capabilities of the community, to accurately measure the time delays, and to provide input to dedicated monitoring campaigns and future LSST cosmology feasibility studies, we have invited the community to take part in a ''Time Delay Challenge'' (TDC). The challenge is organized as a set of ''ladders'', each containing a groupmore » of simulated data sets to be analyzed blindly by participating teams. Each rung on a ladder consists of a set of realistic mock observed lensed quasar light curves, with the rungs' data sets increasing in complexity and realism. The initial challenge described here has two ladders, TDC0 and TDC1. TDC0 has a small number of data sets, and is designed to be used as a practice set by the participating teams. The (non-mandatory) deadline for completion of TDC0 was the TDC1 launch date, 2013 December 1. The TDC1 deadline was 2014 July 1. Here we give an overview of the challenge, we introduce a set of metrics that will be used to quantify the goodness of fit, efficiency, precision, and accuracy of the algorithms, and we present the results of TDC0. Thirteen teams participated in TDC0 using 47 different methods. Seven of those teams qualified for TDC1, which is described in the companion paper.« less

Avionics Instrument Systems Specialist Career Ladder: AFSCs 32531, 32551, 31571, and 32591. Occupational Survey Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Air Force Occupational Measurement Center, Lackland AFB, TX.

The Avionics Instrument Systems career ladder (AFSC 325X1) provides flight line and shop maintenance training on aircraft instrument systems, electromechancial instruments, components, and test equipment. Duties involve inspecting, removing, installing, repairing, operating, troubleshooting, overhauling, and modifying systems such as flight and…

Educational Characteristics of Paraprofessionals in Southern California: A Survey of Their Career Ladder Needs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ochoa, Alberto M.; Wright, Pamela G.

The purpose of this study was to identify the career ladder needs of paraprofessionals as required by both California State and Federal educational mandates. Findings, gathered by questionnaires returned by 594 aides in seven southern and central Californian counties, are discussed in terms of the following: (1) personal characteristics; (2)…

Implementation of Evidence-Based Practice in Relation to a Clinical Nursing Ladder System: A National Survey in Taiwan

PubMed Central

Weng, Yi-Hao; Chen, Chiehfeng; Kuo, Ken N; Yang, Chun-Yuh; Lo, Heng-Lien; Chen, Kee-Hsin; Chiu, Ya-Wen

2015-01-01

Background Although evidence-based practice (EBP) has been widely investigated, few studies have investigated its correlation with a clinical nursing ladder system. The current national study evaluates whether EBP implementation has been incorporated into the clinical ladder system. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted nationwide of registered nurses among regional hospitals of Taiwan in January to April 2011. Subjects were categorized into beginning nurses (N1 and N2) and advanced nurses (N3 and N4) by the clinical ladder system. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to adjust for possible confounding demographic factors. Results Valid postal questionnaires were collected from 4,206 nurses, including 2,028 N1, 1,595 N2, 412 N3, and 171 N4 nurses. Advanced nurses were more aware of EBP than beginning nurses (p < 0.001; 90.7% vs. 78.0%). In addition, advanced nurses were more likely to hold positive beliefs about and attitudes toward EBP (p < 0.001) and possessed more sufficient knowledge of and skills in EBP (p < 0.001). Furthermore, they more often implemented EBP principles (p < 0.001) and accessed online evidence-based retrieval databases (p < 0.001). The most common motivation for using online databases was self-learning for advanced nurses and positional promotion for beginning nurses. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed advanced nurses were more aware of EBP, had higher knowledge and skills of EBP, and more often implemented EBP than beginning nurses. Linking Evidence to Action The awareness of, beliefs in, attitudes toward, knowledge of, skills in, and behaviors of EBP among advanced nurses were better than those among beginning nurses. The data indicate that a clinical ladder system can serve as a useful means to enhance EBP implementation. PMID:25588625

A Statewide Decentralized Approach to Public School Reform: The Case of Career Ladders in Utah.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Malen, Betty; Murphy, Michael J.

1985-01-01

In 1984, the Utah legislature enacted a career ladder bill encouraging all local districts to develop plans for restructuring teachers' compensation and promotion options. An independent, bipartisan taskforce then created a statewide, decentralized model that increases educators' power, minimizes merit and staff differentiation, and fosters…

Electronic structure and magnetic properties of the strong-rung spin-1 ladder compound Rb3Ni2(NO3)7

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pchelkina, Z. V.; Mazurenko, V. V.; Volkova, O. S.; Deeva, E. B.; Morozov, I. V.; Shutov, V. V.; Troyanov, S. I.; Werner, J.; Koo, C.; Klingeler, R.; Vasiliev, A. N.

2018-04-01

Rb3Ni2(NO3)7 was obtained by crystallization from anhydrous nitric acid solution of rubidium nitrate and nickel nitrate hexahydrate. The crystal structure determined on single crystals implies isolated spin-1 two-leg ladders of Ni2 + ions connected by (NO3)- groups as basic elements. Magnetic susceptibility, specific heat in magnetic fields up to 9 T, magnetization, and high-frequency electron spin resonance studies performed on powder samples show the absence of long-range magnetic order at T ≥2 K. Electronic structure calculations and the detailed analysis of the experimental data enable quantitative estimates of the relevant parameters of the S =1 ladders in Rb3Ni2(NO3)7 . The rung coupling J1=10.16 K, the leg coupling J2=1.5 K, and the Ising-type anisotropy |A |=8.6 K are obtained. The scenario of a valence-bond solidlike quantum ground state realized in the two-leg Ni2 + ladders is further corroborated by model simulations of the magnetic susceptibility.

Simulation of TunneLadder traveling-wave tube cold-test characteristics: Implementation of the three-dimensional, electromagnetic circuit analysis code micro-SOS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kory, Carol L.; Wilson, Jeffrey D.

1993-01-01

The three-dimensional, electromagnetic circuit analysis code, Micro-SOS, can be used to reduce expensive time-consuming experimental 'cold-testing' of traveling-wave tube (TWT) circuits. The frequency-phase dispersion characteristics and beam interaction impedance of a TunneLadder traveling-wave tube slow-wave structure were simulated using the code. When reasonable dimensional adjustments are made, computer results agree closely with experimental data. Modifications to the circuit geometry that would make the TunneLadder TWT easier to fabricate for higher frequency operation are explored.

The Earnings Ladder. Who's at the Bottom? Who's at the Top? Statistical Brief.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of the Census (DOC), Washington, DC. Economics and Statistics Administration.

Data collected by the March Current Population Survey were used to identify which groups of year-round, full-time civilian workers aged 16 and older were most likely to be at the top and bottom of the earnings ladder. Women, young workers, less-educated individuals, and Hispanics were most likely to earn less than $13,091 (1992 constant dollars),…

[Application of general retention time formula for gradient liquid chromatography in the studies of ladder-like gradient elution].

PubMed

Sun, Xiaoli; Hao, Weiqiang; Wang, Junde; Di, Bin; Chen, Qiang; Zhuang, Wei; Yu, Qiang; Zhang, Peipei

2013-08-01

By not explicitly specifying the type of solvent strength model, the features of ladder-like gradient elution were studied based on the general retention time formula that was derived in our previous work. For the case where the solute is eluted at like gradient, we derived the expression that connects the mobile phase composition (phiR), at which the solute is eluted from the column, with the gradient slope (B). It was shown that phiR will increase with the increase of B in this case. For the case where the solute is eluted at the last isocratic segment of the ladder-like gradient, it was proven that the retention time (tR) will correlate linearly with the reciprocal of the gradient slope (1/B) when the initial and final mobile phase compositions are set to be constant. In experiments, by taking biphenyl as the sample, the values of retention time in isocratic and gradient elution were measured on a C18 column by using a mixture of methanol and water as the mobile phase. The experimental values were found to be well consistent with the theoretical values that were calculated from the expressions. These expressions will be helpful to understand the features of the ladder-like gradient in practice.

Dynamics of blood flow in a microfluidic ladder network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maddala, Jeevan; Zilberman-Rudenko, Jevgenia; McCarty, Owen

The dynamics of a complex mixture of cells and proteins, such as blood, in perturbed shear flow remains ill-defined. Microfluidics is a promising technology for improving the understanding of blood flow under complex conditions of shear; as found in stent implants and in tortuous blood vessels. We model the fluid dynamics of blood flow in a microfluidic ladder network with dimensions mimicking venules. Interaction of blood cells was modeled using multiagent framework, where cells of different diameters were treated as spheres. This model served as the basis for predicting transition regions, collision pathways, re-circulation zones and residence times of cells dependent on their diameters and device architecture. Based on these insights from the model, we were able to predict the clot formation configurations at various locations in the device. These predictions were supported by the experiments using whole blood. To facilitate platelet aggregation, the devices were coated with fibrillar collagen and tissue factor. Blood was perfused through the microfluidic device for 9 min at a physiologically relevant venous shear rate of 600 s-1. Using fluorescent microscopy, we observed flow transitions near the channel intersections and at the areas of blood flow obstruction, which promoted larger thrombus formation. This study of integrating model predictions with experimental design, aids in defining the dynamics of blood flow in microvasculature and in development of novel biomedical devices.

Valence bond and von Neumann entanglement entropy in Heisenberg ladders.

PubMed

Kallin, Ann B; González, Iván; Hastings, Matthew B; Melko, Roger G

2009-09-11

We present a direct comparison of the recently proposed valence bond entanglement entropy and the von Neumann entanglement entropy on spin-1/2 Heisenberg systems using quantum Monte Carlo and density-matrix renormalization group simulations. For one-dimensional chains we show that the valence bond entropy can be either less or greater than the von Neumann entropy; hence, it cannot provide a bound on the latter. On ladder geometries, simulations with up to seven legs are sufficient to indicate that the von Neumann entropy in two dimensions obeys an area law, even though the valence bond entanglement entropy has a multiplicative logarithmic correction.

Demonstration of the Jaynes-Cummings ladder with Rydberg-dressed atoms

DOE PAGES

Lee, Jongmin; Martin, Michael J.; Jau, Yuan-Yu; ...

2017-04-06

Here, we observe the nonlinearity of the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) ladder in the Autler-Townes spectroscopy of the hyperfine ground states for a Rydberg-dressed two-atom system. The role of the two-level system in the JC model is played by the presence or absence of a collective Rydberg excitation, and the bosonic mode manifests as the number n of single-atom spin flips, symmetrically distributed between the atoms. We also measure the normal-mode splitting and √ n nonlinearity as a function of detuning and Rabi frequency, thereby experimentally establishing the isomorphism with the JC model.

SU(3)_C× SU(2)_L× U(1)_Y( × U(1)_X ) as a symmetry of division algebraic ladder operators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Furey, C.

2018-05-01

We demonstrate a model which captures certain attractive features of SU(5) theory, while providing a possible escape from proton decay. In this paper we show how ladder operators arise from the division algebras R, C, H, and O. From the SU( n) symmetry of these ladder operators, we then demonstrate a model which has much structural similarity to Georgi and Glashow's SU(5) grand unified theory. However, in this case, the transitions leading to proton decay are expected to be blocked, given that they coincide with presumably forbidden transformations which would incorrectly mix distinct algebraic actions. As a result, we find that we are left with G_{sm} = SU(3)_C× SU(2)_L× U(1)_Y / Z_6. Finally, we point out that if U( n) ladder symmetries are used in place of SU( n), it may then be possible to find this same G_{sm}=SU(3)_C× SU(2)_L× U(1)_Y / Z_6, together with an extra U(1)_X symmetry, related to B-L.

Designing SoTL Studies--Part II: Practicality

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bartsch, Robert A.

2013-01-01

This chapter suggests solutions to common practical problems in designing SoTL studies. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of different types of designs are discussed. [Part I available at EJ1029363.

Magnetic properties and pairing tendencies of the iron-based superconducting ladder BaFe 2 S 3 : Combined ab initio and density matrix renormalization group study

DOE PAGES

Patel, Niravkumar D.; Nocera, Alberto; Alvarez, Gonzalo; ...

2016-08-10

The recent discovery of superconductivity under high pressure in the two-leg ladder compound BaFe 2S 3 [H. Takahashi et al., Nat. Mater. 14, 1008 (2015)] opens a broad avenue of research, because it represents the first report of pairing tendencies in a quasi-one-dimensional iron-based high-critical-temperature superconductor. Similarly, as in the case of the cuprates, ladders and chains can be far more accurately studied using many-body techniques and model Hamiltonians than their layered counterparts, particularly if several orbitals are active. In this publication, we derive a two-orbital Hubbard model from first principles that describes individual ladders of BaFe 2S 3. Themore » model is studied with the density matrix renormalization group. These first reported results are exciting for two reasons: (i) at half-filling, ferromagnetic order emerges as the dominant magnetic pattern along the rungs of the ladder, and antiferromagnetic order along the legs, in excellent agreement with neutron experiments; and (ii) with hole doping, pairs form in the strong coupling regime, as found by studying the binding energy of two holes doped on the half-filled system. In addition, orbital selective Mott phase characteristics develop with doping, with only oneWannier orbital receiving the hole carriers while the other remains half-filled. Lastly, these results suggest that the analysis of models for iron-based two-leg ladders could clarify the origin of pairing tendencies and other exotic properties of iron-based high-critical-temperature superconductors in general.« less

Influence of seasonal, diel, lunar, and other environmental factors on upstream fish passage in the igarapava fish ladder, Brazil

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bizzotto, P.M.; Godinho, Alexandre L.; Vono, V.; Kynard, B.; Godinho, Hugo P.

2009-01-01

Upstream fish passage was evaluated during 12 months in the vertical-slot Igarapava Fish Ladder constructed around Igarapava Dam, in the heavily dammed Grande River, Southeast Brazil. A video monitoring system was used to observe 61,621 fish that passed the ladder, of which 93.5% were identified to 15 taxa. Among the migratory species, the most abundant were Pimelodus maculatus (33.6% of all fish), Leporinus octofasciatus (31.4%), Leporinus friderici (4.5%), and Prochilodus lineatus (3.1%). Seven taxa were classified as nonmigratory, and of these taxa, the small Bryconamericus stramineus was the most abundant (12.7%) of all fishes. Passage of the 'nonmigratory' taxa upstream in the ladder shows they are migratory in this system and have a strong behavioural drive to move to upstream habitat. Passage of most taxa had a strong seasonal pattern. While some species passed primarily during the day, others showed a distinct nocturnal pattern. Lunar phase and water temperature also strongly affected passage of some taxa. Rainfall and dam discharge had a small or null influence on most taxa; perhaps due to the fairly small catchment area of the reservoir and the highly regulated discharge at Igarapava Dam. ?? 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

HST/WFC3 flux calibration ladder: Vega

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deustua, Susana E.; Bohlin, Ralph; Pirzkal, Nor; MacKenty, John

2014-08-01

Vega is one of only a few stars calibrated against an SI-traceable blackbody, and is the historical flux standard. Photometric zeropoints of the Hubble Space Telescope's instruments rely on Vega, through the transfer of its calibration via stellar atmosphere models to the suite of standard stars. HST's recently implemented scan mode has enabled us to develop a path to an absolute SI traceable calibration for HST IR observations. To fill in the crucial gap between 0.9 and 1.7 micron in the absolute calibration, we acquired -1st order spectra of Vega with the two WFC3 infrared grisms. At the same time, we have improved the calibration of the -1st orders of both WFC3 IR grisms, as well as extended the dynamic range of WFC3 science observations by a factor of 10000. We describe our progress to date on the WFC3 `flux calibration ladder' project to provide currently needed accurate zeropoint measurements in the IR

23 CFR Appendix A to Part 1340 - Sample Design

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Sample Design A Appendix A to Part 1340 Highways... OBSERVATIONAL SURVEYS OF SEAT BELT USE Pt. 1340, App. A Appendix A to Part 1340—Sample Design Following is a description of a sample design that meets the final survey guidelines and, based upon NHTSA's experience in...

Enhancement in Open-Circuit Voltage in Organic Solar Cells by Using Ladder-Type Nonfullerene Acceptors

DOE PAGES

Cai, Zhengxu; Zhao, Donglin; Sharapov, Valerii; ...

2018-03-28

The open-circuit voltage (V oc) loss has always been a major factor in lowering power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). A method to improve the V oc is indispensable to achieve high PCEs. Here in this paper, we investigated a series of perylene diimide-based ladder-type molecules as electron acceptors in nonfullerene OPVs. The D-A ladder-type structures described here lock our pi-systems into a planar structure and eliminate bond twisting associated with linear conjugated systems. This enlarges the interface energy gap (ΔE DA), extends electronic delocalization, and hence improves the V oc. More importantly, these devicesmore » showed an increase in V oc without compromising either the J sc or the FF. C5r exhibited a strong intermolecular interaction and a PCE value of 6.1%. Moreover, grazing-incident wide-angle X-ray scattering analysis and atomic force microscopy images suggested that our fused-ring acceptors showed a suitable domain size and uniform blend films, which were not affected by their rigid molecular structures.« less

Enhancement in Open-Circuit Voltage in Organic Solar Cells by Using Ladder-Type Nonfullerene Acceptors.

PubMed

Cai, Zhengxu; Zhao, Donglin; Sharapov, Valerii; Awais, Mohammad A; Zhang, Na; Chen, Wei; Yu, Luping

2018-04-25

The open-circuit voltage ( V oc ) loss has always been a major factor in lowering power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). A method to improve the V oc is indispensable to achieve high PCEs. In this paper, we investigated a series of perylene diimide-based ladder-type molecules as electron acceptors in nonfullerene OPVs. The D-A ladder-type structures described here lock our π-systems into a planar structure and eliminate bond twisting associated with linear conjugated systems. This enlarges the interface energy gap (Δ E DA ), extends electronic delocalization, and hence improves the V oc . More importantly, these devices showed an increase in V oc without compromising either the J sc or the FF. C5r exhibited a strong intermolecular interaction and a PCE value of 6.1%. Moreover, grazing-incident wide-angle X-ray scattering analysis and atomic force microscopy images suggested that our fused-ring acceptors showed a suitable domain size and uniform blend films, which were not affected by their rigid molecular structures.

Enhancement in Open-Circuit Voltage in Organic Solar Cells by Using Ladder-Type Nonfullerene Acceptors

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cai, Zhengxu; Zhao, Donglin; Sharapov, Valerii

The open-circuit voltage (V oc) loss has always been a major factor in lowering power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). A method to improve the V oc is indispensable to achieve high PCEs. Here in this paper, we investigated a series of perylene diimide-based ladder-type molecules as electron acceptors in nonfullerene OPVs. The D-A ladder-type structures described here lock our pi-systems into a planar structure and eliminate bond twisting associated with linear conjugated systems. This enlarges the interface energy gap (ΔE DA), extends electronic delocalization, and hence improves the V oc. More importantly, these devicesmore » showed an increase in V oc without compromising either the J sc or the FF. C5r exhibited a strong intermolecular interaction and a PCE value of 6.1%. Moreover, grazing-incident wide-angle X-ray scattering analysis and atomic force microscopy images suggested that our fused-ring acceptors showed a suitable domain size and uniform blend films, which were not affected by their rigid molecular structures.« less

Development and validation of a nursing professionalism evaluation model in a career ladder system.

PubMed

Kim, Yeon Hee; Jung, Young Sun; Min, Ja; Song, Eun Young; Ok, Jung Hui; Lim, Changwon; Kim, Kyunghee; Kim, Ji-Su

2017-01-01

The clinical ladder system categorizes the degree of nursing professionalism and rewards and is an important human resource tool for managing nursing. We developed a model to evaluate nursing professionalism, which determines the clinical ladder system levels, and verified its validity. Data were collected using a clinical competence tool developed in this study, and existing methods such as the nursing professionalism evaluation tool, peer reviews, and face-to-face interviews to evaluate promotions and verify the presented content in a medical institution. Reliability and convergent and discriminant validity of the clinical competence evaluation tool were verified using SmartPLS software. The validity of the model for evaluating overall nursing professionalism was also analyzed. Clinical competence was determined by five dimensions of nursing practice: scientific, technical, ethical, aesthetic, and existential. The structural model explained 66% of the variance. Clinical competence scales, peer reviews, and face-to-face interviews directly determined nursing professionalism levels. The evaluation system can be used for evaluating nurses' professionalism in actual medical institutions from a nursing practice perspective. A conceptual framework for establishing a human resources management system for nurses and a tool for evaluating nursing professionalism at medical institutions is provided.

Ultra-wideband ladder filter using SH(0) plate wave in thin LiNbO(3) plate and its application to tunable filter.

PubMed

Kadota, Michio; Tanaka, Shuji

2015-05-01

A cognitive radio terminal using vacant frequency bands of digital TV (DTV) channels, i.e., TV white space, strongly requires a compact tunable filter covering a wide frequency range of the DTV band (470 to 710 MHz in Japan). In this study, a T-type ladder filter using ultra-wideband shear horizontal mode plate wave resonators was fabricated, and a low peak insertion loss of 0.8 dB and an ultra-large 6 dB bandwidth of 240 MHz (41%) were measured in the DTV band. In addition, bandpass filters with different center frequencies of 502 and 653 MHz at 6 dB attenuation were numerically synthesized based on the same T-type ladder filter in conjunction with band rejection filters with different frequencies. The results suggest that the combination of the wideband T-type ladder filter and the band rejection filters connected with variable capacitors enables a tunable filter with large tunability of frequency and bandwidth as well as large rejection at the adjacent channels of an available TV white space.

The effect of wild card designations and rare alleles in forensic DNA database searches.

PubMed

Tvedebrink, Torben; Bright, Jo-Anne; Buckleton, John S; Curran, James M; Morling, Niels

2015-05-01

Forensic DNA databases are powerful tools used for the identification of persons of interest in criminal investigations. Typically, they consist of two parts: (1) a database containing DNA profiles of known individuals and (2) a database of DNA profiles associated with crime scenes. The risk of adventitious or chance matches between crimes and innocent people increases as the number of profiles within a database grows and more data is shared between various forensic DNA databases, e.g. from different jurisdictions. The DNA profiles obtained from crime scenes are often partial because crime samples may be compromised in quantity or quality. When an individual's profile cannot be resolved from a DNA mixture, ambiguity is introduced. A wild card, F, may be used in place of an allele that has dropped out or when an ambiguous profile is resolved from a DNA mixture. Variant alleles that do not correspond to any marker in the allelic ladder or appear above or below the extent of the allelic ladder range are assigned the allele designation R for rare allele. R alleles are position specific with respect to the observed/unambiguous allele. The F and R designations are made when the exact genotype has not been determined. The F and R designation are treated as wild cards for searching, which results in increased chance of adventitious matches. We investigated the probability of adventitious matches given these two types of wild cards. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Static holes in the geometrically frustrated bow-tie ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martins, George B.; Brenig, Wolfram

2008-10-01

We investigate the doping of a geometrically frustrated spin ladder with static holes by a complementary approach using exact diagonalization and quantum dimers. Results for thermodynamic properties, the singlet density of states, the hole-binding energy and the spin correlations will be presented. For the undoped systems the ground state is non-degenerate, with translationally invariant nearest-neighbor spin correlations. For the doped case, we find that static holes polarize their vicinity through a localization of singlets, reducing the frustration. This polarization induces short range repulsive forces between two holes and an oscillatory behavior of the long range two-hole energy. For most quantities investigated, we find very good agreement between the quantum dimer approach and the results from exact diagonalization.

Symmetry-broken states in a system of interacting bosons on a two-leg ladder with a uniform Abelian gauge field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Greschner, S.; Piraud, M.; Heidrich-Meisner, F.; McCulloch, I. P.; Schollwöck, U.; Vekua, T.

2016-12-01

We study the quantum phases of bosons with repulsive contact interactions on a two-leg ladder in the presence of a uniform Abelian gauge field. The model realizes many interesting states, including Meissner phases, vortex fluids, vortex lattices, charge density waves, and the biased-ladder phase. Our work focuses on the subset of these states that breaks a discrete symmetry. We use density matrix renormalization group simulations to demonstrate the existence of three vortex-lattice states at different vortex densities and we characterize the phase transitions from these phases into neighboring states. Furthermore, we provide an intuitive explanation of the chiral-current reversal effect that is tied to some of these vortex lattices. We also study a charge-density-wave state that exists at 1/4 particle filling at large interaction strengths and flux values close to half a flux quantum. By changing the system parameters, this state can transition into a completely gapped vortex-lattice Mott-insulating state. We elucidate the stability of these phases against nearest-neighbor interactions on the rungs of the ladder relevant for experimental realizations with a synthetic lattice dimension. A charge-density-wave state at 1/3 particle filling can be stabilized for flux values close to half a flux quantum and for very strong on-site interactions in the presence of strong repulsion on the rungs. Finally, we analytically describe the emergence of these phases in the low-density regime, and, in particular, we obtain the boundaries of the biased-ladder phase, i.e., the phase that features a density imbalance between the legs. We make contact with recent quantum-gas experiments that realized related models and discuss signatures of these quantum states in experimentally accessible observables.

Semantics and technologies in modern design of interior stairs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kukhta, M.; Sokolov, A.; Pelevin, E.

2015-10-01

Use of metal in the design of interior stairs presents new features for shaping, and can be implemented using different technologies. The article discusses the features of design and production technologies of forged metal spiral staircase considering the image semantics based on the historical and cultural heritage. To achieve the objective was applied structural- semantic method (to identify the organization of structure and semantic features of the artistic image), engineering methods (to justify the construction of the object), anthropometry method and ergonomics (to provide usability), methods of comparative analysis (to reveale the features of the way the ladder in different periods of culture). According to the research results are as follows. Was revealed the semantics influence on the design of interior staircase that is based on the World Tree image. Also was suggested rational calculation of steps to ensure the required strength. And finally was presented technology, providing the realization of the artistic image. In the practical part of the work is presented version of forged staircase.

Using a familiar risk comparison within a risk ladder to improve risk understanding by low numerates: a study of visual attention.

PubMed

Keller, Carmen

2011-07-01

Previous experimental research provides evidence that a familiar risk comparison within a risk ladder is understood by low- and high-numerate individuals. It especially helps low numerates to better evaluate risk. In the present study, an eye tracker was used to capture individuals' visual attention to a familiar risk comparison, such as the risk associated with smoking. Two parameters of information processing-efficiency and level-were derived from visual attention. A random sample of participants from the general population (N= 68) interpreted a given risk level with the help of the risk ladder. Numeracy was negatively correlated with overall visual attention on the risk ladder (r(s) =-0.28, p= 0.01), indicating that the lower the numeracy, the more the time spent looking at the whole risk ladder. Numeracy was positively correlated with the efficiency of processing relevant frequency (r(s) = 0.34, p < 0.001) and relevant textual information (r(s) = 0.34, p < 0.001), but not with the efficiency of processing relevant comparative information and numerical information. There was a significant negative correlation between numeracy and the level of processing of relevant comparative risk information (r(s) =-0.21, p < 0.01), indicating that low numerates processed the comparative risk information more deeply than the high numerates. There was no correlation between numeracy and perceived risk. These results add to previous experimental research, indicating that the smoking risk comparison was crucial for low numerates to evaluate and understand risk. Furthermore, the eye-tracker method is promising for studying information processing and improving risk communication formats. © 2011 Society for Risk Analysis.

Evaluation criteria for spectral design of camouflage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Škerlind, Christina; Fagerström, Jan; Hallberg, Tomas; Kariis, Hans

2015-10-01

In development of visual (VIS) and infrared (IR) camouflage for signature management, the aim is the design of surface properties of an object to spectrally match or adapt to a background and thereby minimizing the contrast perceived by a threatening sensor. The so called 'ladder model" relates the requirements for task measure of effectiveness with surface structure properties through the steps signature effectiveness and object signature. It is intended to link materials properties via platform signature to military utility and vice versa. Spectral design of a surface intends to give it a desired wavelength dependent optical response to fit a specific application of interest. Six evaluation criteria were stated, with the aim to aid the process to put requirement on camouflage and for evaluation. The six criteria correspond to properties such as reflectance, gloss, emissivity, and degree of polarization as well as dynamic properties, and broadband or multispectral properties. These criteria have previously been exemplified on different kinds of materials and investigated separately. Anderson and Åkerlind further point out that the six criteria rarely were considered or described all together in one and same publication previously. The specific level of requirement of the different properties must be specified individually for each specific situation and environment to minimize the contrast between target and a background. The criteria or properties are not totally independent of one another. How they are correlated is part of the theme of this paper. However, prioritization has been made due to the limit of space. Therefore all of the interconnections between the six criteria will not be considered in the work of this report. The ladder step previous to digging into the different material composition possibilities and choice of suitable materials and structures (not covered here), includes the object signature and decision of what the spectral response should be

South Dakota Statewide Core Curriculum, Career Ladder and Challenge System: Volumes I and II. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1975

The two volume final report of the South Dakota Statewide Core Curriculum, Career Ladder, and Challenge System Project, coordinating associated health and nursing education on a statewide basis to achieve a more systematic production and utilization of health manpower, is presented. Volume 1 includes five chapters: (1) and (2) outlining funding…

Hidden Order and Symmetry Protected Topological States in Quantum Link Ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cardarelli, L.; Greschner, S.; Santos, L.

2017-11-01

We show that, whereas spin-1 /2 one-dimensional U(1) quantum-link models (QLMs) are topologically trivial, when implemented in ladderlike lattices these models may present an intriguing ground-state phase diagram, which includes a symmetry protected topological (SPT) phase that may be readily revealed by analyzing long-range string spin correlations along the ladder legs. We propose a simple scheme for the realization of spin-1 /2 U(1) QLMs based on single-component fermions loaded in an optical lattice with s and p bands, showing that the SPT phase may be experimentally realized by adiabatic preparation.

Preparing Instructional Designers for Game-Based Learning: Part III. Game Design as a Collaborative Process

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hirumi, Atsusi; Appelman, Bob; Rieber, Lloyd; Van Eck, Richard

2010-01-01

In this three part series, four professors who teach graduate level courses on the design of instructional video games discuss their perspectives on preparing instructional designers to optimize game-based learning. Part I set the context for the series and one of four panelists discussed what he believes instructional designers should know about…

10 CFR Appendix C to Part 52 - Design Certification Rule for the AP600 Design

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Design Certification Rule for the AP600 Design C Appendix C to Part 52 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) LICENSES, CERTIFICATIONS, AND APPROVALS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Pt. 52, App. C Appendix C to Part 52—Design Certification Rule for the...

Studies toward brevisulcenal F via convergent strategies for marine ladder polyether synthesis.

PubMed

Katcher, Matthew; Jamison, Timothy F

2018-03-15

Shortly after the initial isolation of marine ladder polyether natural products, biomimetic epoxide-opening cascade reactions were proposed as an efficient strategy for the synthesis of these compounds. However, difficulties in assembling the cascade precursors have limited the realization of these cascades. In this report, we describe strategies that provide convergent access to cascade precursors via regioselective allylation and efficient fragment coupling. We then investigate epoxide-opening cascades promoted by strong bases for the formation of fused tetrahydropyrans. These strategies are evaluated in the context of the synthesis of rings CDEFG of brevisulcenal F.

Interplay of magnetism and superconductivity in the compressed Fe-ladder compound BaFe 2 Se 3

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ying, Jianjun; Lei, Hechang; Petrovic, Cedomir

High pressure resistance, susceptibility, and Fe K β x-ray emission spectroscopy measurements were performed on Fe-ladder compound BaFe 2 Se 3 . Pressure-induced superconductivity was observed which is similar to the previously reported superconductivity in the BaFe 2 S 3 samples. The slope of local magnetic moment versus pressure shows an anomaly across the insulator-metal transition pressure in the BaFe 2 Se 3 samples. The local magnetic moment is continuously decreasing with increasing pressure, and the superconductivity appears only when the local magnetic moment value is comparable to the one in the iron-pnictide superconductors. Our results indicate that the compressedmore » BaFe 2 C h 3 ( C h = S , Se) is a new family of iron-based superconductors. Despite the crystal structures completely different from the known iron-based superconducting materials, the magnetism in this Fe-ladder material plays a critical role in superconductivity. This behavior is similar to the other members of iron-based superconducting materials.« less

HRD--Leadership Training for Women on the Lower Rungs of the Organizational Ladder: A Qualitative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dugan, Dixie

2010-01-01

The purpose of this case study, HRD--Leadership Training for Women on the Lower Rungs of the Organizational Ladder: A Qualitative Study, was to determine the responses of a group of women to a series of classes on leadership development and to perceive what they might have gained from this experience. These classes were modeled after those offered…

Magneto-optical polarization rotation in a ladder-type atomic system for tunable offset locking

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Parniak, Michał, E-mail: michal.parniak@fuw.edu.pl; Leszczyński, Adam; Wasilewski, Wojciech

2016-04-18

We demonstrate an easily tunable locking scheme for stabilizing frequency-sum of two lasers on a two-photon ladder transition based on polarization rotation in warm rubidium vapors induced by magnetic field and circularly polarized drive field. Unprecedented tunability of the two-photon offset frequency is due to strong splitting and shifting of magnetic states in external field. In our experimental setup, we achieve two-photon detuning of up to 700 MHz.

A Study of Career Ladders and Manpower Development for Non-Management Personnel in the Food Service Industry.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

State Univ. of New York, Ithaca. School of Hotel Administration at Cornell Univ.

Because of its failure to provide career ladders for non-management employees, the food service industry is facing increasingly severe manpower shortages and labor turnover. Unnecessary requirements bar entry workers from many jobs, and training opportunities leave much to be desired. This report identifies the problem areas and develops a model…

The power of engagement: implementation of a career ladder program.

PubMed

Bourgeault, Robert; Newmark, Jason

2012-01-01

At Baystate Health in Massachusetts, the development and implementation of a career ladder program was implemented to reduce turnover and to improve employee satisfaction, morale, and recruitment efforts. There was significant initial expenditure in the program, as a result of promoting the large number of employees with significant experience and seniority. A smaller number of staff are expected to apply for advancement during successive cycles, allowing for decreased incremental expense going forward. Critical to the success of the program was understanding the time commitment, getting senior organizational support and staff buy-in, and justifying the associated expenses. The development and initiation of the program has done much to support a positive work environment with increased morale and higher performance among significant numbers of staff at all levels.

Chain and ladder models with two-body interactions and analytical ground states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manna, Sourav; Nielsen, Anne E. B.

2018-05-01

We consider a family of spin-1 /2 models with few-body, SU(2)-invariant Hamiltonians and analytical ground states related to the one-dimensional (1D) Haldane-Shastry wave function. The spins are placed on the surface of a cylinder, and the standard 1D Haldane-Shastry model is obtained by placing the spins with equal spacing in a circle around the cylinder. Here, we show that another interesting family of models with two-body exchange interactions is obtained if we instead place the spins along one or two lines parallel to the cylinder axis, giving rise to chain and ladder models, respectively. We can change the scale along the cylinder axis without changing the radius of the cylinder. This gives us a parameter that controls the ratio between the circumference of the cylinder and all other length scales in the system. We use Monte Carlo simulations and analytical investigations to study how this ratio affects the properties of the models. If the ratio is large, we find that the two legs of the ladder decouple into two chains that are in a critical phase with Haldane-Shastry-like properties. If the ratio is small, the wave function reduces to a product of singlets. In between, we find that the behavior of the correlations and the Renyi entropy depends on the distance considered. For small distances the behavior is critical, and for long distances the correlations decay exponentially and the entropy shows an area law behavior. The distance up to which there is critical behavior gets larger as the ratio increases.

Single-photon superradiant beating from a Doppler-broadened ladder-type atomic ensemble

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Yoon-Seok; Lee, Sang Min; Kim, Heonoh; Moon, Han Seb

2017-12-01

We report on heralded-single-photon superradiant beating in the spontaneous four-wave mixing process of Doppler-broadened ladder-type 87Rb atoms. When Doppler-broadened atoms contribute to two-photon coherence, the detection probability amplitudes of the heralded single photons are coherently superposed despite inhomogeneous broadened atomic media. Single-photon superradiant beating is observed, which constitutes evidence for the coherent superposition of two-photon amplitudes from different velocity classes in the Doppler-broadened atomic ensemble. We present a theoretical model in which the single-photon superradiant beating originates from the interference between wavelength-separated two-photon amplitudes via the reabsorption filtering effect.

Interplay between spin frustration and magnetism in the exactly solved two-leg mixed spin ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qi, Yan; Lv, Song-Wei; Du, An; Yu, Nai-sen

2016-11-01

We study a mixed spin-(3/2, 1) ladder system with antiferromagnetic rung coupling and next-nearest-neighbor interaction. The exactly solved Ising-chain model is employed to investigate the ground-state properties and thermodynamics of the low-dimensional ladder system. Our results show that the competition between different exchange couplings brings in a large variety of ground states characterized by various values of normalized magnetization equal to 0, 1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 1. Moreover, an interesting double-peak structure is also detected in the thermal dependence of magnetic susceptibility and specific heat when the frustration comes into play. It is shown that the double-peak phenomenon at zero-field for the case of AF2 ground-state arises from the very strong antiferromagnetic rung coupling, while other cases are attributed to the excitations induced by temperature and external field around the phase boundary. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11547236), the General Project of the Education Department of Liaoning Province, China (Grant No. L2015130), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant Nos. DC201501065 and DCPY2016014), and the Doctoral Starting-up Foundation of Dalian Nationalities University, China.

Hood River and Pelton Ladder Evaluation Studies : Annual Report 1994.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Olsen, Erik A.; French, Rod A.; Ritchey, Alan D.

1995-09-01

In 1992, the Northwest Power Planning Council approved the Hood River and Pelton ladder master plans within the framework of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. The master plans define an approach for implementing a hatchery supplementation program in the Hood River subbasin. The hatchery program as defined in the master plans is called the Hood River Hatchery Production Program (HRPP). The HRPP will be phased in over several years and will be jointly implemented by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) and the Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs (CTWS) Reservation. In December 1991, amore » monitoring and evaluation program was implemented in the Hood River subbasin to collect life history and production information on stocks of anadromous salmonids returning to the Hood River subbasin. The program was implemented to provide the baseline information needed to: (1) evaluate various management options for implementing the HRPP and (2) determine any post-project impacts the HRPP has on indigenous populations of resident fish. Information collected during the 1992-94 fiscal years will also be used to prepare an environmental impact statement (EIS) evaluating the program`s impact on the human environment. To begin construction on project facilities, it was proposed that the HRPP be implemented in two phases. Phase I would include work that would fall under a {open_quotes}categorical exclusion{close_quotes} from NEPA, and Phase II would include work requiring an EIS prior to implementation. This report summarizes the life history and escapement data collected in the Hood River subbasin and the status work of implemented under Phase I of the HR Life history and escapement data will be used to: (1) test the assumptions on which harvest and escapement goals for the Hood River and Pelton ladder master plans are based and (2) develop biologically based management recommendations for implementing the HRPP.« less

Chutes and Ladders in Hepatitis C Nucleoside Drug Development§

PubMed Central

Coats, Steven J.; Garnier-Amblard, Ethel C.; Amblard, Franck; Ehteshami, Maryam; Amiralaei, Sheida; Zhang, Hongwang; Zhou, Longhu; Boucle, Sebastien R. L.; Lu, Xiao; Bondada, Lavanya; Shelton, Jadd R.; Li, Hao; Liu, Peng; Li, Chengwei; Cho, Jong Hyun; Chavre, Satish N.; Zhou, Shaoman; Mathew, Judy; Schinazi, Raymond F.

2014-01-01

Chutes and Ladders is an exciting up-and-down-again game in which players race to be the first to the top of the board. Along the way, they will find ladders to help them advance, and chutes that will cause them to move backwards. The development of nucleoside analogs for clinical treatment of hepatitis C presents a similar scenario in which taking shortcuts may help quickly advance a program, but there is always a tremendous risk of being sent backwards as one competes for the finish line. In recent years the treatment options for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have expand due to the development of a replicon based in vitro evaluation system, allowing for the identification of multiple drugable viral targets along with a concerted and substantial drug discovery effort. Three major drug targets have reached clinical study for chronic HCV infection: the NS3/4A serine protease, the large phosphoprotein NS5A, and the NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Recently, two oral HCV protease inhibitors were approved by the FDA and were the first direct acting anti-HCV agents to result from the substantial research in this area. There are currently many new chemical entities from several different target classes that are being evaluated worldwide in clinical trials for their effectiveness at achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR) (Pham et al., 2004; Radkowski et al., 2005). Clearly the goal is to develop therapies leading to a cure that are safe, widely accessible and available, and effective against all HCV genotypes (GT), and all stages of the disease. Nucleoside analogs that target the HCV NS5B polymerase that have reached human clinical trials is the focus of this review as they have demonstrated significant advantages in the clinic with broader activity against the various HCV GT and a higher barrier to the development of resistant viruses when compared to all other classes of HCV inhibitors. PMID:24275341

Iowa interstate rest area stabilization ponds : Part I. Pond design, Part II: Feasibility of wind-powered aeration.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-09-01

"This report is presented in two parts. Part I takes a new look at the design of rest area stabilization ponds after nearly 10 years'experience with some of the existing ponds and in the light of new design standards issued by Iowa DEQ. The Iowa DOT ...

Development of Curriculum Content for a Unique Career Ladder Multi-Entry/Multi-Exit Nursing Program. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosbach, Ellen M.

A project was undertaken to develop the curriculum content for a unique career ladder multi-entry/multi-exit nursing program that would provide training for nurse aides, practical nurses, and registered nurses. The major objectives of the project were to conduct a review of the literature on curriculum materials presently in use, to develop 11…

Knowing One's Lot in Life versus Climbing the Social Ladder: The Formation of Redistributive Preferences in Urban China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smyth, Russell; Mishra, Vinod; Qian, Xiaolei

2010-01-01

This paper examines, how individual preferences for redistribution in general and redistribution to improve access to education, improve social protection for the poor, reduce income inequality and reduce unemployment depend on beliefs about what determines one's lot in life and self-assessed prospects for climbing the social ladder in urban…

29 CFR Appendix A to Part 1926 - Designations for General Industry Standards Incorporated Into Body of Construction Standards

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) Electrical Tests .453(b)(3) Field Modifications .453(a)(2) Ladder Trucks .453(b)(1) Tower Trucks .453(b)(1...) Shoring and reshoring .703(b) Test Requirements—Compressive Strength .703(e)(1) Equipment and Tools .702 Lift-Slab Operations .705 Lockout/Tagout .702(j) Post-Tensioning .701(c) Precast .704 Pumping Systems...

29 CFR Appendix A to Part 1926 - Designations for General Industry Standards Incorporated Into Body of Construction Standards

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... .453(b)(4) Electrical Tests .453(b)(3) Field Modifications .453(a)(2) Ladder Trucks .453(b)(1) Tower... .703(a) Formwork, Removal .703(e) Reinforcing steel .701(b), .703(d) Shoring and reshoring .703(b) Test... .702(j) Post-Tensioning .701(c) Precast .704 Pumping Systems .702(e) Conductors, Deenergized .955(c...

Teachers' Career Ladder Policy in Ethiopia: An Opportunity for Professional Growth or ''a Stick Disguised as a Carrot?''

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tekleselassie, Abebayehu A.

2005-01-01

In response to the ever-declining status of the teaching profession, and its adverse effects on the country's educational system, the Federal Ministry of Education in Ethiopia introduced a policy of the teachers' career ladder in 1994. While reformers believe that the introduction of the policy has improved the condition of the teaching…

Static Holes in Geometrically Frustrated Bow Tie Ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martins, George; Brenig, Wolfram

2007-03-01

Doping of the geometrically frustrated bow-tie spin ladder with static holes is investigated by a complementary approach using exact diagonalization and hard-core quantum dimers. Results for the thermodynamics in the undoped case, the singlet density of states, the hole-binding energy, and the spin correlations will be presented. We find that the static holes polarize their vicinity by a localization of singlets in order to reduce the frustration. As a consequence the singlet polarization cloud induces short range repulsive forces between the holes with oscillatory longer range behavior. For those systems we have studied, most results for the quantum dimer approach are found to be qualitatively if not quantitatively in agreement with exact diagonalization. The ground state of the undoped system is non-degenerate with translationally invariant nearest-neighbor spin correlations up to a few unit cells, which is consistent with a spin liquid state or a valence bond crystal with very large unit cell. C. Waldtmann, A. Kreutzmann, U. Schollwock, K. Maisinger, and H.-U. Everts, Phys. Rev. B 62, 9472 (2000).

Minimalist design of water-soluble cross-beta architecture.

PubMed

Biancalana, Matthew; Makabe, Koki; Koide, Shohei

2010-02-23

Demonstrated successes of protein design and engineering suggest significant potential to produce diverse protein architectures and assemblies beyond those found in nature. Here, we describe a new class of synthetic protein architecture through the successful design and atomic structures of water-soluble cross-beta proteins. The cross-beta motif is formed from the lamination of successive beta-sheet layers, and it is abundantly observed in the core of insoluble amyloid fibrils associated with protein-misfolding diseases. Despite its prominence, cross-beta has been designed only in the context of insoluble aggregates of peptides or proteins. Cross-beta's recalcitrance to protein engineering and conspicuous absence among the known atomic structures of natural proteins thus makes it a challenging target for design in a water-soluble form. Through comparative analysis of the cross-beta structures of fibril-forming peptides, we identified rows of hydrophobic residues ("ladders") running across beta-strands of each beta-sheet layer as a minimal component of the cross-beta motif. Grafting a single ladder of hydrophobic residues designed from the Alzheimer's amyloid-beta peptide onto a large beta-sheet protein formed a dimeric protein with a cross-beta architecture that remained water-soluble, as revealed by solution analysis and x-ray crystal structures. These results demonstrate that the cross-beta motif is a stable architecture in water-soluble polypeptides and can be readily designed. Our results provide a new route for accessing the cross-beta structure and expanding the scope of protein design.

Development of Physical Demand Profiles for Four Airman Career Ladders. Interim Report for Period 1 July 1972-1 November 1974.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koym, Kenneth G.

The document investigates certain physical characteristics of airman occupations in terms of the dexterity, muscular coordination, and sensory discrimination required. It examines the feasibility of estimating physical demands in jobs using incumbent ratings and compares physical demand profiles for four career ladders: (1) avionic instrument…

23 CFR Appendix A to Part 1340 - Sample Design

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... OBSERVATIONAL SURVEYS OF SEAT BELT USE Pt. 1340, App. A Appendix A to Part 1340—Sample Design Following is a description of a sample design that meets the final survey guidelines and, based upon NHTSA's experience in.... This information is intended only as an example of a complying survey design and to provide guidance...

Ergonomics in designing process: dialogue between designers, executors and users in the maintenance activity of radars in an oil refinery.

PubMed

Menegon, Fabrício Augusto; Rodrigues, Daniela da Silva; Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins; Menegon, Nilton Luiz

2012-01-01

This paper aims to discuss the role of ergonomics in design process using the dialogue developed by designers, implementers and users in an oil refinery. It was possible to identify the need of minimizing the postural constraints, risk of accidents, mechanical shocks and to enlarge safety perception in the access and permanency of the users at the workspace. It has been determined and validated by workers and managers to implement different deadlines depending on programming, viability and execution time for the improvements proposed. In a long-term: it was proposed the substitution of the ladders with time planning according to the maintenance program of the tanks; in a short-time: it was suggested the expansion of the existing platforms, implementation of a walkway connection provided with guardrails between the upper access of the side ladder and the repositioning of radar set and aerial aiming at the usage by workers at the workstation of the new platform. It was also elaborated eight typologies of intervention, according to the request, type of tank, material stored, and its setting place. The design process arises from ergonomics workplace analysis that presents concepts for solutions which was a mediator tool to be settled between users and implementers.

The local-ladder effect: social status and subjective well-being.

PubMed

Anderson, Cameron; Kraus, Michael W; Galinsky, Adam D; Keltner, Dacher

2012-07-01

Dozens of studies in different nations have revealed that socioeconomic status only weakly predicts an individual's subjective well-being (SWB). These results imply that although the pursuit of social status is a fundamental human motivation, achieving high status has little impact on one's SWB. However, we propose that sociometric status-the respect and admiration one has in face-to-face groups (e.g., among friends or coworkers)-has a stronger effect on SWB than does socioeconomic status. Using correlational, experimental, and longitudinal methodologies, four studies found consistent evidence for a local-ladder effect: Sociometric status significantly predicted satisfaction with life and the experience of positive and negative emotions. Longitudinally, as sociometric status rose or fell, SWB rose or fell accordingly. Furthermore, these effects were driven by feelings of power and social acceptance. Overall, individuals' sociometric status matters more to their SWB than does their socioeconomic status.

Bounded solutions in a T-shaped waveguide and the spectral properties of the Dirichlet ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nazarov, S. A.

2014-08-01

The Dirichlet problem is considered on the junction of thin quantum waveguides (of thickness h ≪ 1) in the shape of an infinite two-dimensional ladder. Passage to the limit as h → +0 is discussed. It is shown that the asymptotically correct transmission conditions at nodes of the corresponding one-dimensional quantum graph are Dirichlet conditions rather than the conventional Kirchhoff transmission conditions. The result is obtained by analyzing bounded solutions of a problem in the T-shaped waveguide that the boundary layer phenomenon.

Minimalist design of water-soluble cross-[beta] architecture

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Biancalana, Matthew; Makabe, Koki; Koide, Shohei

Demonstrated successes of protein design and engineering suggest significant potential to produce diverse protein architectures and assemblies beyond those found in nature. Here, we describe a new class of synthetic protein architecture through the successful design and atomic structures of water-soluble cross-{beta} proteins. The cross-{beta} motif is formed from the lamination of successive {beta}-sheet layers, and it is abundantly observed in the core of insoluble amyloid fibrils associated with protein-misfolding diseases. Despite its prominence, cross-{beta} has been designed only in the context of insoluble aggregates of peptides or proteins. Cross-{beta}'s recalcitrance to protein engineering and conspicuous absence among the knownmore » atomic structures of natural proteins thus makes it a challenging target for design in a water-soluble form. Through comparative analysis of the cross-{beta} structures of fibril-forming peptides, we identified rows of hydrophobic residues ('ladders') running across {beta}-strands of each {beta}-sheet layer as a minimal component of the cross-{beta} motif. Grafting a single ladder of hydrophobic residues designed from the Alzheimer's amyloid-{beta} peptide onto a large {beta}-sheet protein formed a dimeric protein with a cross-{beta} architecture that remained water-soluble, as revealed by solution analysis and x-ray crystal structures. These results demonstrate that the cross-{beta} motif is a stable architecture in water-soluble polypeptides and can be readily designed. Our results provide a new route for accessing the cross-{beta} structure and expanding the scope of protein design.« less

Preparing Instructional Designers for Game-Based Learning: Part 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hirumi, Atsusi; Appelman, Bob; Rieber, Lloyd; Van Eck, Richard

2010-01-01

Like many rapidly growing industries, advances in video game technology are far outpacing research on its design and effectiveness. Relatively little is understood about how to apply what we know about teaching and learning to optimize game-based learning. For the most part, instructional designers know little about game development and video game…

Toward scalable parts families for predictable design of biological circuits.

PubMed

Lucks, Julius B; Qi, Lei; Whitaker, Weston R; Arkin, Adam P

2008-12-01

Our current ability to engineer biological circuits is hindered by design cycles that are costly in terms of time and money, with constructs failing to operate as desired, or evolving away from the desired function once deployed. Synthetic biologists seek to understand biological design principles and use them to create technologies that increase the efficiency of the genetic engineering design cycle. Central to the approach is the creation of biological parts--encapsulated functions that can be composited together to create new pathways with predictable behaviors. We define five desirable characteristics of biological parts--independence, reliability, tunability, orthogonality and composability, and review studies of small natural and synthetic biological circuits that provide insights into each of these characteristics. We propose that the creation of appropriate sets of families of parts with these properties is a prerequisite for efficient, predictable engineering of new function in cells and will enable a large increase in the sophistication of genetic engineering applications.

Administration and Stenographic Career Ladders, AFS 702x0/A/B/C and 702X1.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-01

MEN mIIIIIIIII hhhllllhlhhl UNITED STATES AIR FORCE _Si -j𔃽.- 0 ADMINISTRATION AND5$TENOGRAPHIC -CAREER LADDERS AIS 702XO/ A /B/C AND 702X1 -J AFPT- 9...7J2-389 ( ,/ " ’ _ LA. -IAPRI 180 This document has n a :’.-pro+ved1 + ,for pil s’ s ;i - , OqCUPATIONAL ANALYSIS PROGRAM USAF OCCUPATIONAL...79 APPENDIX A O--------------------------------------------- 80 Acc22~C~For 1 -* ii L PREFACE This report presents the results of a detailed Air

33 CFR Appendix E to Part 157 - Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for Control of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for Control of Overboard Discharges E Appendix E to Part 157... Appendix E to Part 157—Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for...

33 CFR Appendix E to Part 157 - Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for Control of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for Control of Overboard Discharges E Appendix E to Part 157... Appendix E to Part 157—Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for...

33 CFR Appendix E to Part 157 - Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for Control of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for Control of Overboard Discharges E Appendix E to Part 157... Appendix E to Part 157—Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for...

33 CFR Appendix E to Part 157 - Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for Control of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for Control of Overboard Discharges E Appendix E to Part 157... Appendix E to Part 157—Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for...

Design and development of a layer-based additive manufacturing process for the realization of metal parts of designed mesostructure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Williams, Christopher Bryant

Low-density cellular materials, metallic bodies with gaseous voids, are a unique class of materials that are characterized by their high strength, low mass, good energy absorption characteristics, and good thermal and acoustic insulation properties. In an effort to take advantage of this entire suite of positive mechanical traits, designers are tailoring the cellular mesostructure for multiple design objectives. Unfortunately, existing cellular material manufacturing technologies limit the design space as they are limited to certain part mesostructure, material type, and macrostructure. The opportunity that exists to improve the design of existing products, and the ability to reap the benefits of cellular materials in new applications is the driving force behind this research. As such, the primary research goal of this work is to design, embody, and analyze a manufacturing process that provides a designer the ability to specify the material type, material composition, void morphology, and mesostructure topology for any conceivable part geometry. The accomplishment of this goal is achieved in three phases of research: (1) Design---Following a systematic design process and a rigorous selection exercise, a layer-based additive manufacturing process is designed that is capable of meeting the unique requirements of fabricating cellular material geometry. Specifically, metal parts of designed mesostructure are fabricated via three-dimensional printing of metal oxide ceramic powder followed by post-processing in a reducing atmosphere. (2) Embodiment ---The primary research hypothesis is verified through the use of the designed manufacturing process chain to successfully realize metal parts of designed mesostructure. (3) Modeling & Evaluation ---The designed manufacturing process is modeled in this final research phase so as to increase understanding of experimental results and to establish a foundation for future analytical modeling research. In addition to an analysis of

Algorithmic implementation of particle-particle ladder diagram approximation to study strongly-correlated metals and semiconductors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prayogi, A.; Majidi, M. A.

2017-07-01

In condensed-matter physics, strongly-correlated systems refer to materials that exhibit variety of fascinating properties and ordered phases, depending on temperature, doping, and other factors. Such unique properties most notably arise due to strong electron-electron interactions, and in some cases due to interactions involving other quasiparticles as well. Electronic correlation effects are non-trivial that one may need a sufficiently accurate approximation technique with quite heavy computation, such as Quantum Monte-Carlo, in order to capture particular material properties arising from such effects. Meanwhile, less accurate techniques may come with lower numerical cost, but the ability to capture particular properties may highly depend on the choice of approximation. Among the many-body techniques derivable from Feynman diagrams, we aim to formulate algorithmic implementation of the Ladder Diagram approximation to capture the effects of electron-electron interactions. We wish to investigate how these correlation effects influence the temperature-dependent properties of strongly-correlated metals and semiconductors. As we are interested to study the temperature-dependent properties of the system, the Ladder diagram method needs to be applied in Matsubara frequency domain to obtain the self-consistent self-energy. However, at the end we would also need to compute the dynamical properties like density of states (DOS) and optical conductivity that are defined in the real frequency domain. For this purpose, we need to perform the analytic continuation procedure. At the end of this study, we will test the technique by observing the occurrence of metal-insulator transition in strongly-correlated metals, and renormalization of the band gap in strongly-correlated semiconductors.

23 CFR 636.104 - Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS DESIGN-BUILD CONTRACTING General § 636.104 Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects? The provisions of this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build...

23 CFR 636.104 - Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS DESIGN-BUILD CONTRACTING General § 636.104 Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects? The provisions of this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build...

23 CFR 636.104 - Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS DESIGN-BUILD CONTRACTING General § 636.104 Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects? The provisions of this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build...

23 CFR 636.104 - Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS DESIGN-BUILD CONTRACTING General § 636.104 Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects? The provisions of this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build... 23 Highways 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build...

10 CFR Appendix C to Part 52 - Design Certification Rule for the AP600 Design

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... design, in accordance with 10 CFR part 52, subpart B. The applicant for certification of the AP600 design... appendix. B. Generic technical specifications means the information, required by 10 CFR 50.36 and 50.36a... licensee must meet the requirement in Section III.B of this appendix to reference Tier 2 when referencing...

33 CFR Appendix E to Part 157 - Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for Control of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Specifications for the Design... Appendix E to Part 157—Specifications for the Design, Installation and Operation of a Part Flow System for... Coast Guard for clarity. 1Purpose The purpose of these Specifications is to provide specific design...

The incidence and burden of ladder, structure, and scaffolding falls.

PubMed

Diggs, Brian S; Lenfesty, Barbara; Arthur, Melanie; Hedges, Jerris R; Newgard, Craig D; Mullins, Richard J

2005-03-01

The national morbidity and mortality associated with falls from a height is incompletely described. The authors estimated the rates of injury, hospitalization, and mortality due to these falls for subgroups of the U.S. population. Administrative databases (1995-2000) provided national samples of patients treated for injuries following a fall from a height (ICD-9-CM E-codes E881.0, E881.1, or E882). Inpatient data are from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, and emergency department data are from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. A total of 347,484 (95% confidence interval = 308,417 to 386,551) emergency department presentations occur annually for injuries following a fall. Hospitalized patients older than 75 years of age had a 3.3% case fatality, and 42% were discharged to a skilled nursing facility. For patients older than 55 years of age, 86% of falls were not work related. Ladder and structure falls by elders are a substantial emergency department problem warranting thorough clinical evaluation and injury prevention efforts.

Final Exam Weighting as Part of Course Design

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Franke, Matthew

2018-01-01

The weighting of a final exam or a final assignment is an essential part of course design that is rarely discussed in pedagogical literature. Depending on the weighting, a final exam or assignment may provide unequal benefits to students depending on their prior performance in the class. Consequently, uncritical grade weighting can discount…

10 CFR Appendix C to Part 52 - Design Certification Rule for the AP600 Design

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... design, in accordance with 10 CFR part 52, subpart B. The applicant for certification of the AP600 design....55(b) and 52.57(b). This appendix remains valid for an applicant or licensee who references this.... Exemptions from Tier 1 information are governed by the requirements in 10 CFR 52.63(b)(1) and 52.98(f). The...

A Framework for Preliminary Design of Aircraft Structures Based on Process Information. Part 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rais-Rohani, Masoud

1998-01-01

This report discusses the general framework and development of a computational tool for preliminary design of aircraft structures based on process information. The described methodology is suitable for multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) activities associated with integrated product and process development (IPPD). The framework consists of three parts: (1) product and process definitions; (2) engineering synthesis, and (3) optimization. The product and process definitions are part of input information provided by the design team. The backbone of the system is its ability to analyze a given structural design for performance as well as manufacturability and cost assessment. The system uses a database on material systems and manufacturing processes. Based on the identified set of design variables and an objective function, the system is capable of performing optimization subject to manufacturability, cost, and performance constraints. The accuracy of the manufacturability measures and cost models discussed here depend largely on the available data on specific methods of manufacture and assembly and associated labor requirements. As such, our focus in this research has been on the methodology itself and not so much on its accurate implementation in an industrial setting. A three-tier approach is presented for an IPPD-MDO based design of aircraft structures. The variable-complexity cost estimation methodology and an approach for integrating manufacturing cost assessment into design process are also discussed. This report is presented in two parts. In the first part, the design methodology is presented, and the computational design tool is described. In the second part, a prototype model of the preliminary design Tool for Aircraft Structures based on Process Information (TASPI) is described. Part two also contains an example problem that applies the methodology described here for evaluation of six different design concepts for a wing spar.

Chiral symmetry restoration at finite temperature and chemical potential in the improved ladder approximation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Taniguchi, Y.; Yoshida, Y.

1997-02-01

The chiral symmetry of QCD is studied at finite temperature and chemical potential using the Schwinger-Dyson equation in the improved ladder approximation. We calculate three order parameters: the vacuum expectation value of the quark bilinear operator, the pion decay constant, and the quark mass gap. We have a second order phase transition at the temperature T{sub c}=169 MeV along the zero chemical potential line, and a first order phase transition at the chemical potential {mu}{sub c}=598 MeV along the zero temperature line. We also calculate the critical exponents of the three order parameters. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physicalmore » Society}« less

Framing Prospective Elementary Teachers' Conceptions of Dissolving as a Ladder of Explanations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Subramaniam, Karthigeyan; Esprivalo Harrell, Pamela

2013-11-01

The paper details an exploratory qualitative study that investigated 61 prospective teachers' conceptual understanding of dissolving salt and sugar in water respectively. The study was set within a 15-week elementary science methods course that included a 5E learning cycle lesson on dissolving, the instructional context. Oversby's (Prim Sci Rev 63:6-19, 2002, Aspects of teaching secondary science, Routledge Falmer, London, 2002) ladder of explanations for the context of dissolving, current scientific explanations for dissolving and perspectives on conceptions and misconceptions provided the unified framework for the study. Concept maps, interview transcripts, written artifacts, and drawings and narratives were used as data to investigate these prospective teachers' conceptual understanding of dissolving throughout the 15-weeks of the methods course. Analysis revealed that participants' explanations of dissolving were predominantly descriptive explanations (39 %) and interpretative explanations (38 %), with lower percentage occurrences of intentional (14 %) and cause and effect (9 %) level explanations. Most of these explanations were also constructed by a set of loosely connected and reinforcing everyday concepts abstracted from common everyday experiences making them misconceptions. Implications include: (1) the need for science teacher educators to use multiple platforms to derive their prospective elementary teachers' conceptual understandings of science content; and (2) to identify and help them identify their own scientific conceptions and misconceptions and how they influence the construction of scientific/nonscientific explanations. Science teacher educators also need to emphasize the role of meaningful frameworks associated with the concept that is being introduced during the Engage phase of the 5E learning cycle. This is important because, relevant prior knowledge is associated with the knowledge of the particle theory of matter and both are part of larger

Spin waves and magnetic exchange interactions in the spin-ladder compound RbFe 2 Se 3

DOE PAGES

Wang, Meng; Yi, Ming; Jin, Shangjian; ...

2016-07-20

In this paper, we report an inelastic neutron scattering study of the spin waves of the one-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin ladder compound RbFe 2Se 3. The results reveal that the products, SJ's, of the spin S and the magnetic exchange interaction J along the antiferromagnetic (leg) direction and the ferromagnetic (rung) direction are comparable with those for the stripe ordered phase of the parent compounds of the iron-based superconductors. Also, the universality of the SJ's implies nearly universal spin wave dynamics and the irrelevance of the fermiology for the existence of the stripe antiferromagnetic order among various Fe-based materials.

Brevisulcatic acids, marine ladder-frame polyethers from the red tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevisulcata in New Zealand.

PubMed

Suzuki, Rina; Irie, Raku; Harntaweesup, Yanit; Tachibana, Kazuo; Holland, Patrick T; Harwood, D Tim; Shi, Feng; Beuzenberg, Veronica; Itoh, Yoshiyuki; Pascal, Steven; Edwards, Patrick J B; Satake, Masayuki

2014-11-21

The isolation and structural determination of new marine ladder-frame polyethers, brevisulcatic acids-1 (1) and -4 (2) are reported. Brevisulcatic acids were isolated from the dinoflagellate Karenia brevisulcata, which was identified as the causative species of a major red tide event in New Zealand in 1998. The ether ring composition and a β-hydroxy, γ-methylene valeric acid side chain of 1 and 2 are common, but 2 has a γ-lactone as the 5-membered A-ring while 1 is the seco acid analogue. Compound 2 has structural and bioactivity similarities to brevetoxin A.

Study of CP(N-1) theta-vacua by cluster simulation of SU(N) quantum spin ladders.

PubMed

Beard, B B; Pepe, M; Riederer, S; Wiese, U-J

2005-01-14

D-theory provides an alternative lattice regularization of the 2D CP(N-1) quantum field theory in which continuous classical fields emerge from the dimensional reduction of discrete SU(N) quantum spins. Spin ladders consisting of n transversely coupled spin chains lead to a CP(N-1) model with a vacuum angle theta=npi. In D-theory no sign problem arises and an efficient cluster algorithm is used to investigate theta-vacuum effects. At theta=pi there is a first order phase transition with spontaneous breaking of charge conjugation symmetry for CP(N-1) models with N>2.

Quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensation in the spin-1/2 ferromagnetic-leg ladder 3-I-V

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kono, Y.; Kittaka, S.; Yamaguchi, H.; Hosokoshi, Y.; Sakakibara, T.

2018-03-01

Quantum criticality of the spin-1/2 ferromagnetic-leg ladder 3-I-V [=3-(3-iodophenyl)-1,5-diphenylverdazyl] has been examined with respect to the antiferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transition near the saturation field Hc. The phase boundary Tc(H ) follows the power-law Tc(H ) ∝Hc-H for a wide temperature range. This characteristic behavior is discussed as a quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) Bose-Einstein condensation, which is predicted theoretically for weakly coupled quasi-1D ferromagnets. Thus, 3-I-V provides the first promising candidate for this attractive prediction.

Topology optimization and laser additive manufacturing in design process of efficiency lightweight aerospace parts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fetisov, K. V.; Maksimov, P. V.

2018-05-01

The paper presents the application of topology optimization and laser additive manufacturing in the design of lightweight aerospace parts. At the beginning a brief overview of the topology optimization algorithm SIMP is given, one of the most commonly used algorithm in FEA software. After that, methodology of parts design with using topology optimization is discussed as well as issues related to designing for additive manufacturing. In conclusion, the practical application of the proposed methodologies is presented using the example of one complex assembly unit. As a result of the new design approach, the mass of product was reduced five times, and twenty parts were replaced by one.

Preparation and Characterization of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Macrocyclic Compounds: Cyclic Ladder-like Polyphenylsilsesquioxanes.

PubMed

Zhang, Wenchao; Wang, Xiaoxia; Wu, Yiwei; Qi, Zhi; Yang, Rongjie

2018-04-02

Organic-inorganic hybrid macrocyclic compounds, cyclic polyphenylsilsesquioxanes (cyc-PSQs), have been synthesized through hydrolysis and condensation reactions of phenyltrichlorosilane. Structural characterization has revealed that cyc-PSQs consist of a closed-ring double-chain siloxane inorganic backbone bearing organic phenyl groups. The cyc-PSQ molecules have been simulated and structurally optimized using the Forcite tool as implemented in Materials Studio. Structurally optimized cyc-PSQs are highly symmetrical and regular with high stereoregularity, consistent with the dimensions of their experimentally derived structures. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that these macrocyclic compounds have excellent thermal stability. In addition to these perfectly structured compounds, macrocyclic compounds with the same ring ladder structure but bearing an additional Si-OH group, cyc-PSQs-OH, have also been synthesized. A possible mechanism for the formation of the closed-ring molecular structures of cyc-PSQs and cyc-PSQs-OH is proposed.

Regression Model for Light Weight and Crashworthiness Enhancement Design of Automotive Parts in Frontal CAR Crash

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bae, Gihyun; Huh, Hoon; Park, Sungho

This paper deals with a regression model for light weight and crashworthiness enhancement design of automotive parts in frontal car crash. The ULSAB-AVC model is employed for the crash analysis and effective parts are selected based on the amount of energy absorption during the crash behavior. Finite element analyses are carried out for designated design cases in order to investigate the crashworthiness and weight according to the material and thickness of main energy absorption parts. Based on simulations results, a regression analysis is performed to construct a regression model utilized for light weight and crashworthiness enhancement design of automotive parts. An example for weight reduction of main energy absorption parts demonstrates the validity of a regression model constructed.

Apollo 12 Mission image - Dark view of Astronaut Alan L. Bean climbing down the ladder of the Lunar Module (LM)

NASA Image and Video Library

1969-11-19

AS12-46-6728 (19 Nov. 1969) --- Astronaut Alan L. Bean, lunar module pilot for the Apollo 12 mission, is about to step off the ladder of the Lunar Module to join astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., mission commander, in extravehicular activity (EVA). Conrad and Bean descended in the Apollo 12 LM to explore the moon while astronaut Richard F. Gordon Jr., command module pilot, remained with the Command and Service Modules in lunar orbit.

Four-Photon Stark Induced Ladder Climbing Prepares Large Ensemble of H2in Selected High Lying Vibrational Levels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mukherjee, Nandini; Perreault, William; Zare, Richard

2017-04-01

To selectively prepare highly vibrationally excited quantum states of molecules like H2, we present a novel multi-photon ladder-climbing technique where the successive rungs of the ladder are connected by Stark-induced adiabatic Raman passage (SARP). Previously, we have demonstrated that SARP achieves complete population transfer from the v = 0 to the v = 1 and v = 4 levels of H2. We show here that SARP can be generalized into a continuously coupled, multiphoton adiabatic passage which uses one or more intermediate states having strong Raman coupling to access highly vibrationally excited states weakly coupled to the ground state. As an example, we consider the case of four-photon coherent excitation to high vibrational levels of H2 via an intermediate level coupled to both the initial and target levels by two-photon SARP. Using a sequence of commercially available single mode, nanosecond lasers, a pump pulse partially overlapping with two Stokes pulses, we show that the complete population of v = 0 can be selectively transferred to the most weakly coupled v = 6 and v = 9 vibrational levels of H2, without leaving any population stranded in the intermediate level. The present method provides a practical way of generating an entangled pair of fragments without resorting to an ultracold system. This work has been supported by US Army Research Office under ARO Grant No. W911NF-16-1-1061.

Progress in integrated-circuit horn antennas for receiver applications. Part 1: Antenna design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Eleftheriades, George V.; Ali-Ahmad, Walid Y.; Rebeiz, Gabriel M.

1992-01-01

The purpose of this work is to present a systematic method for the design of multimode quasi-integrated horn antennas. The design methodology is based on the Gaussian beam approach and the structures are optimized for achieving maximum fundamental Gaussian coupling efficiency. For this purpose, a hybrid technique is employed in which the integrated part of the antennas is treated using full-wave analysis, whereas the machined part is treated using an approximate method. This results in a simple and efficient design process. The developed design procedure has been applied for the design of a 20, a 23, and a 25 dB quasi-integrated horn antennas, all with a Gaussian coupling efficiency exceeding 97 percent. The designed antennas have been tested and characterized using both full-wave analysis and 90 GHz/370 GHz measurements.

Mannose Induces an Endonuclease Responsible for DNA Laddering in Plant Cells

PubMed Central

Stein, Joshua C.; Hansen, Geneviève

1999-01-01

The effect of d-mannose (Man) on plant cells was studied in two different systems: Arabidopsis roots and maize (Zea mays) suspension-cultured cells. In both systems, exposure to d-Man was associated with a subset of features characteristic of apoptosis, as assessed by oligonucleosomal fragmentation and microscopy analysis. Furthermore, d-Man induced the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. The specificity of d-Man was evaluated by comparing the effects of diastereomers such as l-Man, d-glucose, and d-galactose. Of these treatments, only d-Man caused a reduction in final fresh weight with concomitant oligonucleosomal fragmentation. Man-induced DNA laddering coincided with the activation of a DNase in maize cytosolic extracts and with the appearance of single 35-kD band detected using an in-gel DNase assay. The DNase activity was further confirmed by using covalently closed circular plasmid DNA as a substrate. It appears that d-Man, a safe and readily accessible compound, offers remarkable features for the study of apoptosis in plant cells. PMID:10482662

Hood River and Pelton Ladder Evaluation Studies, Annual Report 2000-2001.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Olsen, Erik

The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) funded the development of two master plans which outline the rationale, and general approach, for implementing a defined group of projects that are an integral part of a comprehensive watershed goal to 'Protect, enhance and restore wild and natural populations of anadromous and resident fish within the Hood River Subbasin'. The Hood River Production Master Plan and the Pelton Ladder Master Plan were completed in 1991 and subsequently approved by the Northwest Power Planning Council in 1992. Action items identified in the two master plans, as well as in a later document entitled 'Hood River/Peltonmore » Ladder Master Agreement' (ODFW and CTWSRO Undated), are designed to achieve two biological fish objectives: (1) to increase production of wild summer and winter steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to levels commensurate with the subbasins current carrying capacity and (2) re-establishing a self-sustaining population of spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Numerical fish objectives for subbasin escapement, spawner escapement, and subbasin harvest are defined for each of these species in Coccoli (2000). Several projects are presently funded by the BPA to achieve the Hood River subbasin's numerical fish objectives for summer and winter steelhead and spring chinook salmon. They include BPA project numbers 1998-021-00 (Hood River Fish Habitat), 1998-053-03 (Hood River Production Program - CTWSRO: M&E), 1998-053-07 (Parkdale Fish Facility), 1998-053-08 (Powerdale/Oak Springs O&M), and 1998-053-12 (Hood River Steelhead Genetics Study). Collectively, they are implemented under the umbrella of what has come to be defined as the Hood River Production Program (HRPP). The HRPP is jointly implemented by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) and The Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon (CTWSRO). Strategies for achieving the HRPP's biological fish objectives for the Hood River subbasin were

Generation of non-classical correlated photon pairs via a ladder-type atomic configuration: theory and experiment.

PubMed

Ding, Dong-Sheng; Zhou, Zhi-Yuan; Shi, Bao-Sen; Zou, Xu-Bo; Guo, Guang-Can

2012-05-07

We experimentally generate a non-classical correlated two-color photon pair at 780 and 1529.4 nm in a ladder-type configuration using a hot 85Rb atomic vapor with the production rate of ~10(7)/s. The non-classical correlation between these two photons is demonstrated by strong violation of Cauchy-Schwarz inequality by the factor R = 48 ± 12. Besides, we experimentally investigate the relations between the correlation and some important experimental parameters such as the single-photon detuning, the powers of pumps. We also make a theoretical analysis in detail and the theoretical predictions are in reasonable agreement with our experimental results.

Two-leg SU ( 2 n ) spin ladder: A low-energy effective field theory approach

DOE PAGES

Lecheminant, P.; Tsvelik, A. M.

2015-05-07

We present a field-theory analysis of a model of two SU( 2n)-invariant magnetic chains coupled by a generic interaction preserving time reversal and inversion symmetry. Contrary to the SU(2)-invariant case the zero-temperature phase diagram of such two-leg spin ladder does not contain topological phases. Thus, only generalized Valence Bond Solid phases are stabilized when n > 1 with different wave vectors and ground-state degeneracies. In particular, we find a phase which is made of a cluster of 2n spins put in an SU( 2n) singlet state. For n = 3, this cluster phase is relevant to ¹⁷³Yb ultracold atoms, withmore » an emergent SU(6) symmetry, loaded in a double-well optical lattice.« less

Eighth DOD/NASA/FAA Conference on Fibrous Composites in Structural Design, Part 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Starnes, James H., Jr. (Compiler); Bohon, Herman L. (Compiler); Garzon, Sherry B. (Compiler)

1990-01-01

Papers presented at the conference are compiled. The conference provided a forum for the scientific community to exchange composite structures design information and an opportunity to observe recent progress in composite structures design and technology. Part 2 contains papers related to the following subject areas: the application in design; methodology in design; and reliability in design.

23 CFR 636.104 - Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects? 636.104 Section 636.104 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS DESIGN-BUILD CONTRACTING General § 636.104 Does this part apply to all Federal-aid design-build projects? The...

Market-Based Coordination of Thermostatically Controlled Loads—Part I: A Mechanism Design Formulation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, Sen; Zhang, Wei; Lian, Jianming

This paper focuses on the coordination of a population of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) with unknown parameters to achieve group objectives. The problem involves designing the bidding and market clearing strategy to motivate self-interested users to realize efficient energy allocation subject to a peak power constraint. Using the mechanism design approach, we propose a market-based coordination framework, which can effectively incorporate heterogeneous load dynamics, systematically deal with user preferences, account for the unknown load model parameters, and enable the real-world implementation with limited communication resources. This paper is divided into two parts. Part I presents a mathematical formulation of themore » problem and develops a coordination framework using the mechanism design approach. Part II presents a learning scheme to account for the unknown load model parameters, and evaluates the proposed framework through realistic simulations.« less

Design of inventory pools in spare part support operation systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mo, Daniel Y.; Tseng, Mitchell M.; Cheung, Raymond K.

2014-06-01

The objective of a spare part support operation is to fulfill the part request order with different service contracts in the agreed response time. With this objective to achieve different service targets for multiple service contracts and the considerations of inventory investment, it is not only important to determine the inventory policy but also to design the structure of inventory pools and the order fulfilment strategies. In this research, we focused on two types of inventory pools: multiple inventory pool (MIP) and consolidated inventory pool (CIP). The idea of MIP is to maintain separated inventory pools based on the types of service contract, while CIP solely maintains a single inventory pool regardless of service contract. Our research aims to design the inventory pool analytically and propose reserve strategies to manage the order fulfilment risks in CIP. Mathematical models and simulation experiments would be applied for analysis and evaluation.

Registry in a tube: multiplexed pools of retrievable parts for genetic design space exploration

PubMed Central

Woodruff, Lauren B. A.; Gorochowski, Thomas E.; Roehner, Nicholas; Densmore, Douglas; Gordon, D. Benjamin; Nicol, Robert

2017-01-01

Abstract Genetic designs can consist of dozens of genes and hundreds of genetic parts. After evaluating a design, it is desirable to implement changes without the cost and burden of starting the construction process from scratch. Here, we report a two-step process where a large design space is divided into deep pools of composite parts, from which individuals are retrieved and assembled to build a final construct. The pools are built via multiplexed assembly and sequenced using next-generation sequencing. Each pool consists of ∼20 Mb of up to 5000 unique and sequence-verified composite parts that are barcoded for retrieval by PCR. This approach is applied to a 16-gene nitrogen fixation pathway, which is broken into pools containing a total of 55 848 composite parts (71.0 Mb). The pools encompass an enormous design space (1043 possible 23 kb constructs), from which an algorithm-guided 192-member 4.5 Mb library is built. Next, all 1030 possible genetic circuits based on 10 repressors (NOR/NOT gates) are encoded in pools where each repressor is fused to all permutations of input promoters. These demonstrate that multiplexing can be applied to encompass entire design spaces from which individuals can be accessed and evaluated. PMID:28007941

Apollo 12 Mission image - Dark view of Astronaut Alan L. Bean climbing down the ladder of the Lunar Module (LM)

NASA Image and Video Library

1969-11-19

AS12-46-6726 (19 Nov. 1969) --- Astronaut Alan L. Bean, lunar module pilot for the Apollo 12 mission, starts down the ladder of the Lunar Module (LM) to join astronaut Charles Conrad Jr., mission commander, in extravehicular activity (EVA). While astronauts Conrad and Bean descended in the LM "Intrepid" to explore the Ocean of Storms region of the moon, astronaut Richard F. Gordon Jr., command module pilot, remained with the Command and Service Modules (CSM) "Yankee Clipper" in lunar orbit.

Advancing Virtual Patient Simulations through Design Research and Inter"PLAY": Part II--Integration and Field Test

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hirumi, Atsusi; Johnson, Teresa; Reyes, Ramsamooj Javier; Lok, Benjamin; Johnsen, Kyle; Rivera-Gutierrez, Diego J.; Bogert, Kenneth; Kubovec, Stacey; Eakins, Michael; Kleinsmith, Andrea; Bellew, Michael; Cendan, Juan

2016-01-01

In Part I of this two-part series, we examined the design and development of NERVE: A virtual patient simulation created to give medical students standardized experiences in interviewing, examining, and diagnosing virtual patients with cranial nerve disorders. We illustrated key design features and discussed how design-based research studies…

Sensitized phosphorescence of benzil-doped ladder-type methyl-poly(para-phenylene).

PubMed

Bagnich, S A; Bässler, H; Neher, D

2004-11-08

The delayed luminescence and phosphorescence of ladder-type methyl-poly(para-phenylene) (MeLPPP) doped with benzil at a concentration of 20% by weight has been measured. The introduction of benzil leads to a dramatic reduction of the polymer singlet emission. At the same time, a new band with maximum at 611 nm appears, corresponding to the phosphorescence of MeLPPP. The phosphorescence decay on the short time scale is close to an exponential law with a time decay of 15 ms. This indicates that benzil can efficiently sensitize the phosphorescence of the polymer. In addition, a broad and featureless emission is observed in the delayed luminescence spectra of benzil-doped MeLPPP, which is attributed to an exciplex formed between the polymer host and the dopant. We further observe that the delayed fluorescence is enhanced by the addition of benzil. It is concluded that the delayed fluorescence of benzil-doped MeLPPP is mainly due to the annihilation of triplet excitons on the polymer. Finally, efficient triplet-triplet energy transfer from the benzil-doped polymer to the red-emitting phosphorescent dye Pt(II)octaethylporphyrin is established. Copyright 2004 American Institute of Physics.

Sensitized phosphorescence of benzil-doped ladder-type methyl-poly(para-phenylene)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bagnich, S. A.; Bässler, H.; Neher, D.

2004-11-01

The delayed luminescence and phosphorescence of ladder-type methyl-poly(para-phenylene) (MeLPPP) doped with benzil at a concentration of 20% by weight has been measured. The introduction of benzil leads to a dramatic reduction of the polymer singlet emission. At the same time, a new band with maximum at 611 nm appears, corresponding to the phosphorescence of MeLPPP. The phosphorescence decay on the short time scale is close to an exponential law with a time decay of 15 ms. This indicates that benzil can efficiently sensitize the phosphorescence of the polymer. In addition, a broad and featureless emission is observed in the delayed luminescence spectra of benzil-doped MeLPPP, which is attributed to an exciplex formed between the polymer host and the dopant. We further observe that the delayed fluorescence is enhanced by the addition of benzil. It is concluded that the delayed fluorescence of benzil-doped MeLPPP is mainly due to the annihilation of triplet excitons on the polymer. Finally, efficient triplet-triplet energy transfer from the benzil-doped polymer to the red-emitting phosphorescent dye Pt(II)octaethylporphyrin is established.

Automated Translation of Safety Critical Application Software Specifications into PLC Ladder Logic

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leucht, Kurt W.; Semmel, Glenn S.

2008-01-01

The numerous benefits of automatic application code generation are widely accepted within the software engineering community. A few of these benefits include raising the abstraction level of application programming, shorter product development time, lower maintenance costs, and increased code quality and consistency. Surprisingly, code generation concepts have not yet found wide acceptance and use in the field of programmable logic controller (PLC) software development. Software engineers at the NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC) recognized the need for PLC code generation while developing their new ground checkout and launch processing system. They developed a process and a prototype software tool that automatically translates a high-level representation or specification of safety critical application software into ladder logic that executes on a PLC. This process and tool are expected to increase the reliability of the PLC code over that which is written manually, and may even lower life-cycle costs and shorten the development schedule of the new control system at KSC. This paper examines the problem domain and discusses the process and software tool that were prototyped by the KSC software engineers.

Registry in a tube: multiplexed pools of retrievable parts for genetic design space exploration.

PubMed

Woodruff, Lauren B A; Gorochowski, Thomas E; Roehner, Nicholas; Mikkelsen, Tarjei S; Densmore, Douglas; Gordon, D Benjamin; Nicol, Robert; Voigt, Christopher A

2017-02-17

Genetic designs can consist of dozens of genes and hundreds of genetic parts. After evaluating a design, it is desirable to implement changes without the cost and burden of starting the construction process from scratch. Here, we report a two-step process where a large design space is divided into deep pools of composite parts, from which individuals are retrieved and assembled to build a final construct. The pools are built via multiplexed assembly and sequenced using next-generation sequencing. Each pool consists of ∼20 Mb of up to 5000 unique and sequence-verified composite parts that are barcoded for retrieval by PCR. This approach is applied to a 16-gene nitrogen fixation pathway, which is broken into pools containing a total of 55 848 composite parts (71.0 Mb). The pools encompass an enormous design space (1043 possible 23 kb constructs), from which an algorithm-guided 192-member 4.5 Mb library is built. Next, all 1030 possible genetic circuits based on 10 repressors (NOR/NOT gates) are encoded in pools where each repressor is fused to all permutations of input promoters. These demonstrate that multiplexing can be applied to encompass entire design spaces from which individuals can be accessed and evaluated. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

Document Design: Part 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrews, Deborah C., Ed.; Dyrud, Marilyn, Ed.

1996-01-01

Presents four articles that provide suggestions for teaching document design: (1) "Teaching the Rhetoric of Document Design" (Michael J. Hassett); (2) "Teaching by Example: Suggestions for Assignment Design" (Marilyn A. Dyrud); (3) "Teaching the Page as a Visual Unit" (Bill Hart-Davidson); and (4) "Designing a…

Role of Modular Polyketide Synthases in the Production of Polyether Ladder Compounds in Ciguatoxin-Producing Gambierdiscus polynesiensis and G. excentricus (Dinophyceae).

PubMed

Kohli, Gurjeet S; Campbell, Katrina; John, Uwe; Smith, Kirsty F; Fraga, Santiago; Rhodes, Lesley L; Murray, Shauna A

2017-09-01

Gambierdiscus, a benthic dinoflagellate, produces ciguatoxins that cause the human illness Ciguatera. Ciguatoxins are polyether ladder compounds that have a polyketide origin, indicating that polyketide synthases (PKS) are involved in their production. We sequenced transcriptomes of Gambierdiscus excentricus and Gambierdiscus polynesiensis and found 264 contigs encoding single domain ketoacyl synthases (KS; G. excentricus: 106, G. polynesiensis: 143) and ketoreductases (KR; G. excentricus: 7, G. polynesiensis: 8) with sequence similarity to type I PKSs, as reported in other dinoflagellates. In addition, 24 contigs (G. excentricus: 3, G. polynesiensis: 21) encoding multiple PKS domains (forming typical type I PKSs modules) were found. The proposed structure produced by one of these megasynthases resembles a partial carbon backbone of a polyether ladder compound. Seventeen contigs encoding single domain KS, KR, s-malonyltransacylase, dehydratase and enoyl reductase with sequence similarity to type II fatty acid synthases (FAS) in plants were found. Type I PKS and type II FAS genes were distinguished based on the arrangement of domains on the contigs and their sequence similarity and phylogenetic clustering with known PKS/FAS genes in other organisms. This differentiation of PKS and FAS pathways in Gambierdiscus is important, as it will facilitate approaches to investigating toxin biosynthesis pathways in dinoflagellates. © 2017 The Author(s) Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology © 2017 International Society of Protistologists.

Phase transitions and thermal entanglement of the distorted Ising-Heisenberg spin chain: topology of multiple-spin exchange interactions in spin ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arian Zad, Hamid; Ananikian, Nerses

2017-11-01

We consider a symmetric spin-1/2 Ising-XXZ double sawtooth spin ladder obtained from distorting a spin chain, with the XXZ interaction between the interstitial Heisenberg dimers (which are connected to the spins based on the legs via an Ising-type interaction), the Ising coupling between nearest-neighbor spins of the legs and rungs spins, respectively, and additional cyclic four-spin exchange (ring exchange) in the square plaquette of each block. The presented analysis supplemented by results of the exact solution of the model with infinite periodic boundary implies a rich ground state phase diagram. As well as the quantum phase transitions, the characteristics of some of the thermodynamic parameters such as heat capacity, magnetization and magnetic susceptibility are investigated. We prove here that among the considered thermodynamic and thermal parameters, solely heat capacity is sensitive versus the changes of the cyclic four-spin exchange interaction. By using the heat capacity function, we obtain a singularity relation between the cyclic four-spin exchange interaction and the exchange coupling between pair spins on each rung of the spin ladder. All thermal and thermodynamic quantities under consideration should be investigated by regarding those points which satisfy the singularity relation. The thermal entanglement within the Heisenberg spin dimers is investigated by using the concurrence, which is calculated from a relevant reduced density operator in the thermodynamic limit.

Poisson equation for the three-loop ladder diagram in string theory at genus one

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basu, Anirban

2016-11-01

The three-loop ladder diagram is a graph with six links and four cubic vertices that contributes to the D12ℛ4 amplitude at genus one in type II string theory. The vertices represent the insertion points of vertex operators on the toroidal worldsheet and the links represent scalar Green functions connecting them. By using the properties of the Green function and manipulating the various expressions, we obtain a modular invariant Poisson equation satisfied by this diagram, with source terms involving one-, two- and three-loop diagrams. Unlike the source terms in the Poisson equations for diagrams at lower orders in the momentum expansion or the Mercedes diagram, a particular source term involves a five-point function containing a holomorphic and a antiholomorphic worldsheet derivative acting on different Green functions. We also obtain simple equalities between topologically distinct diagrams, and consider some elementary examples.

Missile Facilities (WS-133B, WS-133A/M) Career Ladder, AFSCs 44530G, 44550G, and 44570G.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-05-01

or more C1C)(,L)CT V )(,- 17. To vhat base are you assigned? Choose only one response. 1. Ellsworth AFB (Wing 2)E l -2. F. E. Warren AFB (Wing 5) 3...AD-A117 454 AIR FORC.E OCCUPATIONAL MEASUREMENT CENTER RANDOLPH AFB TX F/A 5/9MISILE FACILITIES MWS 1338. VS 133A/M) CAREER LADDER, AFSCS 44--ETCr~gn...OCCUPATIONAL MEASUREMENT CENTER S.,RANDOLPH AFB , TEXAS 78148 I_--- 82 07 06 255 PRIVACY ACT STATEMENT I c~c~c~ AUTHORITY: 5 Usc Sec 301, E09397, and AER 35-2

Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of a novel supramolecular network compound of Co(NIA) 2(H 2O) 4 with molecular ladder hydrogen bond chains (NIA=nicotinate)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jia, Hong-Bin; Yu, Jie-Hui; Xu, Ji-Qing; Ye, Ling; Ding, Hong; Jing, Wei-Jie; Wang, Tie-Gang; Xu, Jia-Ning; Li, Zeng-Chun

2002-10-01

By hydrothermal method, a novel supramolecular compound, Co(NIA) 2(H 2O) 4 was synthesized and its structure was characterized with elemental analysis, FT-IR spectrum, TGA and X-ray diffractometer, indicating that it is a novel polyporous supramolecule with molecular ladder hydrogen-bonded chains. TGA curve shows its thermal stability up to 520 °C.

The Shock and Vibration Bulletin. Part 3. Dynamic Analysis, Design Techniques

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

response at certain discrete frequen- nique for dynamic analysis was pioneered by cies, not over a random-frequence spectrum. Myklestad[l]. Later Pestel and...34Fundamentals of Vibra- v’ angle of rotation due to tion Analysis ," McGraw-Hill, New York, 1956. bending 2. E.C. Pestel and F.A. Leckie, "Matrix o’ angle of...Bulletin 50IC FILE COPY (Part 03ofP,) to THE SHOCK AND VIBRATION BULLETIN Part 3 Dynamic Analysis , Design Techniques IELECTE SEPTEMBER 1980 S NOV 1

CENTRALIZED TREATMENT OF METAL FINISHING WASTES AT A CLEVELAND RESOURCE RECOVERY PARK: PART 1. DESIGN AND COSTS. PART 2. FINANCING. PART 3. SITE INVESTIGATION

EPA Science Inventory

The report, in three parts, describes the characteristics of the Cleveland (OH) area electroplating industry and an approach and design for a centralized facility to treat cyanide and heavy metal wastes generated by this industry. The facility is termed the Resource Recovery Park...

Knowledge workers and knowledge-intense organizations, Part 2: Designing and managing for productivity.

PubMed

Weaver, D; Sorrells-Jones, J

1999-09-01

Our economy is shifting from a hard goods and material products base to one in which knowledge is the primary mode of production. Organizations are experimenting with designs that support knowledge work by clustering individuals with different but complementary skills in focused teams. The goal is to increase applied knowledge that furthers the organization's strategic intent. The team-based knowledge work model holds promise for healthcare organizations that are under pressure to use knowledge to improve clinical care, integrate care across disciplines and settings, and accept accountability for costs. However, the shift from the traditional bureaucratic model to the flexible team-based design mandates changes in the design of the organization, the role of leadership, and the attributes of the teams and team members. In Part 2 of this three-part series, the authors explore the necessary design changes and the new roles for leadership, teams, and their members. Additionally, implications for healthcare clinicians, particularly nurses, are discussed.

Weak coupling of pseudoacoustic phonons and magnon dynamics in the incommensurate spin-ladder compound S r 14 C u 24 O 41

DOE PAGES

Chen, Xi; Bansal, Dipanshu; Sullivan, Sean; ...

2016-10-21

Intriguing lattice dynamics have been predicted for aperiodic crystals that contain incommensurate substructures. Here we report inelastic neutron scattering measurements of phonon and magnon dispersions in Sr 14Cu 24O 41, which contains incommensurate one-dimensional (1D) chain and two-dimensional (2D) ladder substructures. Two distinct pseudoacoustic phonon modes, corresponding to the sliding motion of one sublattice against the other, are observed for atomic motions polarized along the incommensurate axis. In the long wavelength limit, it is found that the sliding mode shows a remarkably small energy gap of 1.7–1.9 meV, indicating very weak interactions between the two incommensurate sublattices. The measurements alsomore » reveal a gapped and steep linear magnon dispersion of the ladder sublattice. The high group velocity of this magnon branch and weak coupling with acoustic and pseudoacoustic phonons can explain the large magnon thermal conductivity in Sr 14Cu 24O 41 crystals. In addition, the magnon specific heat is determined from the measured total specific heat and phonon density of states and exhibits a Schottky anomaly due to gapped magnon modes of the spin chains. Furthermore, these findings offer new insights into the phonon and magnon dynamics and thermal transport properties of incommensurate magnetic crystals that contain low-dimensional substructures.« less

Resonant two-photon absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency in open ladder-type atomic system.

PubMed

Moon, Han Seb; Noh, Heung-Ryoul

2013-03-25

We have experimentally and theoretically studied resonant two-photon absorption (TPA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the open ladder-type atomic system of the 5S(1/2) (F = 1)-5P(3/2) (F' = 0, 1, 2)-5D(5/2) (F″ = 1, 2, 3) transitions in (87)Rb atoms. As the coupling laser intensity was increased, the resonant TPA was transformed to EIT for the 5S(1/2) (F = 1)-5P(3/2) (F' = 2)-5D(5/2) (F″ = 3) transition. The transformation of resonant TPA into EIT was numerically calculated for various coupling laser intensities, considering all the degenerate magnetic sublevels of the 5S(1/2)-5P(3/2)-5D(5/2) transition. From the numerical results, the crossover from TPA to EIT could be understood by the decomposition of the spectrum into an EIT component owing to the pure two-photon coherence and a TPA component caused by the mixed term.

Quantum phase transitions in effective spin-ladder models for graphene zigzag nanoribbons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koop, Cornelie; Wessel, Stefan

2017-10-01

We examine the magnetic correlations in quantum spin models that were derived recently as effective low-energy theories for electronic correlation effects on the edge states of graphene nanoribbons. For this purpose, we employ quantum Monte Carlo simulations to access the large-distance properties, accounting for quantum fluctuations beyond mean-field-theory approaches to edge magnetism. For certain chiral nanoribbons, antiferromagnetic interedge couplings were previously found to induce a gapped quantum disordered ground state of the effective spin model. We find that the extended nature of the intraedge couplings in the effective spin model for zigzag nanoribbons leads to a quantum phase transition at a large, finite value of the interedge coupling. This quantum critical point separates the quantum disordered region from a gapless phase of stable edge magnetism at weak intraedge coupling, which includes the ground states of spin-ladder models for wide zigzag nanoribbons. To study the quantum critical behavior, the effective spin model can be related to a model of two antiferromagnetically coupled Haldane-Shastry spin-half chains with long-ranged ferromagnetic intrachain couplings. The results for the critical exponents are compared also to several recent renormalization-group calculations for related long-ranged interacting quantum systems.

Super (a,d)-H-antimagic covering of möbius ladder graph

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Indriyani, Novia; Sri Martini, Titin

2018-04-01

Let G = (V(G), E(G)) be a simple graph. Let H-covering of G is a subgraph H 1, H 2, …, Hj with every edge in G is contained in at least one graph Hi for 1 ≤ i ≤ j. If every Hi is isomorphic, then G admits an H-covering. Furthermore, an (a,d)-H-antimagic covering if there bijective function ξ :V(G)\\cup E(G)\\to \\{1,2,3,\\ldots,|V(G)|+|E(G)|\\}. The H‑-weights for all subgraphs H‑ isomorphic to H ω ({H}^{\\prime })={\\sum }v\\in V({H^{\\prime })}ξ (v)+{\\sum }e\\in E({H^{\\prime })}ξ (e). The weights of subgraphs constitutes an arithmatic progression {a, a + d, …, a + (t ‑ 1)d} where a and d are positive integers and t is the number of subgraphs G isomorphic to H. If ξ (V(G))=\\{1,2,\\ldots,|V(G)|\\} then ξ is called super (a, d)-H-antimagic covering. The research provides super (a, d)-H-antimagic covering with d = {1, 3} of Möbius ladder graph Mn for n > 5 and n is odd.

Probing star formation relations of mergers and normal galaxies across the CO ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Greve, Thomas R.

We examine integrated luminosity relations between the IR continuum and the CO rotational ladder observed for local (ultra) luminous infra-red galaxies ((U)LIRGs, L IR >= 1011 M⊙) and normal star forming galaxies in the context of radiation pressure regulated star formation proposed by Andrews & Thompson (2011). This can account for the normalization and linear slopes of the luminosity relations (log L IR = α log L'CO + β) of both low- and high-J CO lines observed for normal galaxies. Super-linear slopes occur for galaxy samples with significantly different dense gas fractions. Local (U)LIRGs are observed to have sub-linear high-J (J up > 6) slopes or, equivalently, increasing L COhigh-J /L IR with L IR. In the extreme ISM conditions of local (U)LIRGs, the high-J CO lines no longer trace individual hot spots of star formation (which gave rise to the linear slopes for normal galaxies) but a more widespread warm and dense gas phase mechanically heated by powerful supernovae-driven turbulence and shocks.

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 50 - General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants A... FACILITIES Pt. 50, App. A Appendix A to Part 50—General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants Table of... Design Bases for Protection Against Natural Phenomena 2 Fire Protection 3 Environmental and Dynamic...

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 50 - General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants A... FACILITIES Pt. 50, App. A Appendix A to Part 50—General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants Table of... Design Bases for Protection Against Natural Phenomena 2 Fire Protection 3 Environmental and Dynamic...

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 50 - General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants A... FACILITIES Pt. 50, App. A Appendix A to Part 50—General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants Table of... Design Bases for Protection Against Natural Phenomena 2 Fire Protection 3 Environmental and Dynamic...

Tunable photonic band gaps and optical nonreciprocity by an RF-driving ladder-type system in moving optical lattice

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ba, Nuo; Zhong, Xin; Wang, Lei; Fei, Jin-You; Zhang, Yan; Bao, Qian-Qian; Xiao, Li

2018-03-01

We investigate photonic transport properties of the 1D moving optical lattices filled with vast cold atoms driven into a four-level ladder-type system and obtain dynamically controlled photonic bandgaps and optical nonreciprocity. It is found that the two obvious optical nonreciprocity can be generated at two well-developed photonic bandgaps based on double dark states in the presence of a radio-frequency field. However, when the radio-frequency field is absence, the only one induced photonic bandgaps with distinguishing optical nonreciprocity can be opened up via single dark state. Dynamic control of the induced photonic bandgaps and optical nonreciprocity could be exploited to achieve all-optical diodes and routing for quantum information networks.

Signatures of pairing in the magnetic excitation spectrum of strongly correlated two-leg ladders [Signatures of pairing in the magnetic excitation spectrum of strongly correlated ladders

DOE PAGES

Nocera, Alberto; Patel, Niravkumar D.; Dagotto, Elbio R.; ...

2017-11-13

Magnetic interactions are widely believed to play a crucial role in the microscopic mechanism leading to high critical temperature superconductivity. It is therefore important to study the signatures of pairing in the magnetic excitation spectrum of simple models known to show unconventional superconducting tendencies. Using the density matrix renormalization group technique, we calculate the dynamical spin structure factor S(k,ω) of a generalized t–U–J Hubbard model away from half filling in a two-leg ladder geometry. The addition of J enhances pairing tendencies. We analyze quantitatively the signatures of pairing in the magnetic excitation spectra. We found that the superconducting pair-correlation strength,more » that can be estimated independently from ground state properties, is closely correlated with the integrated low-energy magnetic spectral weight in the vicinity of (π,π). In this wave-vector region, robust spin incommensurate features develop with increasing doping. The branch of the spectrum with rung direction wave vector k rung=0 does not change substantially with doping where pairing dominates and thus plays a minor role. As a result, we discuss the implications of our results for neutron scattering experiments, where the spin excitation dynamics of hole-doped quasi-one-dimensional magnetic materials can be measured and also address implications for recent resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments.« less

Signatures of pairing in the magnetic excitation spectrum of strongly correlated two-leg ladders [Signatures of pairing in the magnetic excitation spectrum of strongly correlated ladders

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nocera, Alberto; Patel, Niravkumar D.; Dagotto, Elbio R.

Magnetic interactions are widely believed to play a crucial role in the microscopic mechanism leading to high critical temperature superconductivity. It is therefore important to study the signatures of pairing in the magnetic excitation spectrum of simple models known to show unconventional superconducting tendencies. Using the density matrix renormalization group technique, we calculate the dynamical spin structure factor S(k,ω) of a generalized t–U–J Hubbard model away from half filling in a two-leg ladder geometry. The addition of J enhances pairing tendencies. We analyze quantitatively the signatures of pairing in the magnetic excitation spectra. We found that the superconducting pair-correlation strength,more » that can be estimated independently from ground state properties, is closely correlated with the integrated low-energy magnetic spectral weight in the vicinity of (π,π). In this wave-vector region, robust spin incommensurate features develop with increasing doping. The branch of the spectrum with rung direction wave vector k rung=0 does not change substantially with doping where pairing dominates and thus plays a minor role. As a result, we discuss the implications of our results for neutron scattering experiments, where the spin excitation dynamics of hole-doped quasi-one-dimensional magnetic materials can be measured and also address implications for recent resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments.« less

Integrating O/S models during conceptual design, part 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ebeling, Charles E.

1994-01-01

The University of Dayton is pleased to submit this report to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Langley Research Center, which integrates a set of models for determining operational capabilities and support requirements during the conceptual design of proposed space systems. This research provides for the integration of the reliability and maintainability (R&M) model, both new and existing simulation models, and existing operations and support (O&S) costing equations in arriving at a complete analysis methodology. Details concerning the R&M model and the O&S costing model may be found in previous reports accomplished under this grant (NASA Research Grant NAG1-1327). In the process of developing this comprehensive analysis approach, significant enhancements were made to the R&M model, updates to the O&S costing model were accomplished, and a new simulation model developed. This is the 1st part of a 3 part technical report.

Ladder Structures and Magnetic Surveys: New Insights into the Near Surface, Three-Dimensional Shape and Orientation of Plutonic Structures in the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, Yosemite National Park, California

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boyd, J. D.

2017-12-01

The study of pluton emplacement and growth history offers a window into the evolution of the continental crust. Plutons, however, are often largely homogeneous in outcrop, lacking reliable structural markers for tracking their emplacement and growth through time. The ladder structures exposed on the glacially polished surfaces of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (TIS) in Yosemite National Park, California are an exception. Ladder structures (LS) are eye-catching concentrations of alternating mafic and felsic mineral assemblages in dominantly cresent-shaped, meter to sub-meter scale bands in outcrop that locally terminate into a mafic band forming a circular-shaped enclosure. Their geochemistry and modal mineralogy diverge sharply from host rock trends with large quantities of magnetite, titanite, and zircon in the mafic assemblages. The limited exposure of LS in outcrops has led to much debate as to their true geometries and orientations. The high concentration of magnetite in the LS is fortuitous in that it allows these features to be investigated by magnetic techniques. The preliminary results of new high resolution magnetic surveys of these LS are presented here. A grid of total magnetic intensity (TMI) was collected across the ladder structures. The TMI's were then inverted and modeled to determine the orientation of the magnetic bodies with depth using PyGMI freeware. With sufficient contrast in the magnetic susceptibility (Km) between the feature being imaged and the host rock, meter to sub-meter scale features can be resolved. The average Km of the LS mafic bands and the host rock is approximately 200-850 x10-3 and 15-20×10-3 SI units respectively. These measurements along with oriented samples were collected to determine input parameters (e.g. anisotropy and remanence) for the geocellular model used in this study.

Laser communication experiment. Volume 1: Design study report: Spacecraft transceiver. Part 3: LCE design specifications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1970-01-01

The requirements for the design, fabrication, performance, and testing of a 10.6 micron optical heterodyne receiver subsystem for use in a laser communication system are presented. The receiver subsystem, as a part of the laser communication experiment operates in the ATS 6 satellite and in a transportable ground station establishing two-way laser communications between the spacecraft and the transportable ground station. The conditions under which environmental tests are conducted are reported.

Detecting phase boundaries of quantum spin-1/2 XXZ ladder via bipartite and multipartite entanglement transitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singha Roy, Sudipto; Dhar, Himadri Shekhar; Rakshit, Debraj; Sen(De), Aditi; Sen, Ujjwal

2017-12-01

Phase transition in quantum many-body systems inevitably causes changes in certain physical properties which then serve as potential indicators of critical phenomena. Besides the traditional order parameters, characterization of quantum entanglement has proven to be a computationally efficient and successful method for detection of phase boundaries, especially in one-dimensional models. Here we determine the rich phase diagram of the ground states of a quantum spin-1/2 XXZ ladder by analyzing the variation of bipartite and multipartite entanglements. Our study characterizes the different ground state phases and notes the correspondence with known results, while highlighting the finer details that emerge from the behavior of ground state entanglement. Analysis of entanglement in the ground state provides a clearer picture of the complex ground state phase diagram of the system using only a moderate-size model.

49 CFR Appendix B to Part 219 - Designation of Laboratory for Post-Accident Toxicological Testing

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Designation of Laboratory for Post-Accident.... 219, App. B Appendix B to Part 219—Designation of Laboratory for Post-Accident Toxicological Testing The following laboratory is currently designated to conduct post-accident toxicological analysis under...

THE HERSCHEL COMPREHENSIVE (U)LIRG EMISSION SURVEY (HERCULES): CO LADDERS, FINE STRUCTURE LINES, AND NEUTRAL GAS COOLING

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rosenberg, M. J. F.; Van der Werf, P. P.; Israel, F. P.

2015-03-10

(Ultra) luminous infrared galaxies ((U)LIRGs) are objects characterized by their extreme infrared (8-1000 μm) luminosities (L {sub LIRG} > 10{sup 11} L {sub ☉} and L {sub ULIRG} > 10{sup 12} L {sub ☉}). The Herschel Comprehensive ULIRG Emission Survey (PI: van der Werf) presents a representative flux-limited sample of 29 (U)LIRGs that spans the full luminosity range of these objects (10{sup 11} L {sub ☉} ≤ L {sub IR} ≤ 10{sup 13} L {sub ☉}). With the Herschel Space Observatory, we observe [C II] 157 μm, [O I] 63 μm, and [O I] 145 μm line emission with Photodetector Array Cameramore » and Spectrometer, CO J = 4-3 through J = 13-12, [C I] 370 μm, and [C I] 609 μm with SPIRE, and low-J CO transitions with ground-based telescopes. The CO ladders of the sample are separated into three classes based on their excitation level. In 13 of the galaxies, the [O I] 63 μm emission line is self absorbed. Comparing the CO excitation to the InfraRed Astronomical Satellite 60/100 μm ratio and to far infrared luminosity, we find that the CO excitation is more correlated to the far infrared colors. We present cooling budgets for the galaxies and find fine-structure line flux deficits in the [C II], [Si II], [O I], and [C I] lines in the objects with the highest far IR fluxes, but do not observe this for CO 4 ≤ J {sub upp} ≤ 13. In order to study the heating of the molecular gas, we present a combination of three diagnostic quantities to help determine the dominant heating source. Using the CO excitation, the CO J = 1-0 linewidth, and the active galactic nucleus (AGN) contribution, we conclude that galaxies with large CO linewidths always have high-excitation CO ladders, and often low AGN contributions, suggesting that mechanical heating is important.« less

Multiscale Computational Design Optimization of Copper-Strengthened Steel for High Cycle Fatigue

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-19

strain energy) and (3) modeling of a slip band (of PSB ladder underlying structure) and attendant crack initiation process. 15. SUBJECT TERMS 16...energy). (C) A modeling of a slip band (of PSB ladder underlying structure) and attendant crack initiation process. Major results obtained are...differentiate the morphology from others, e.g., vein and planar structures of dislocations. Results and Discussion for (C) (C-1) Modeling PSB For modeling

Frustrated S = 1/2 Two-Leg Ladder with Different Leg Interactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tonegawa, Takashi; Okamoto, Kiyomi; Hikihara, Toshiya; Sakai, Tôru

2017-04-01

We explore the ground-state phase diagram of the S = 1/2 two-leg ladder. The isotropic leg interactions J1,a and J1,b between nearest neighbor spins in the legs a and b, respectively, are different from each other. The xy and z components of the uniform rung interactions are denoted by Jr and ΔJr, respectively, where Δ is the XXZ anisotropy parameter. This system has a frustration when J1,aJ1,b < 0 irrespective of the sign of Jr. The phase diagrams on the Δ (0≤Δ<1) versus J1,b plane in the cases of J1,a = - 0.2 and J1,a = 0.2 with Jr = -1 are determined numerically. We employ the physical consideration, the level spectroscopy analysis of the results obtained by the exact diagonalization method and also the density-matrix renormalization-group method. It is found that the non-collinear ferrimagnetic (NCFR) state appears as the ground state in the frustrated region of the parameters. Furthermore, the direct-product triplet-dimer (TD) state in which all rungs form the TD pair is the exact ground state, when J1,a + J1,b = 0 and 0≤ Δ ≲ 0.83. The obtained phase diagrams consist of the TD, XY and Haldane phases as well as the NCFR phase.

Rotor-Bearing Dynamics Technology Design Guide. Part 8. A computerized Data Retrieval System for Fluid Film Bearings

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-10-01

AFAPL-TR-78-6 ’: Part Vill (U ROTOR -BEARING DYNAMICS - TECHNOLOGY DESIGN GUIDE ¢ Part Vil A Comput eri eval Syteftor Fluid Film Bearings SHAKER...Protection," Task 304806, "Aerospace Lubrication," Work Unit 30480685, " Rotor -Bearing Dynamics Design." The work reported herein was performed during the...the previous issue of the Rotor -Bearing Dynamics Technology Design Guide, - one volume dealt with the calculation of performance parameters and pertur

The resonant state at filling factor ν = 1/2 in chiral fermionic ladders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haller, Andreas; Rizzi, Matteo; Burrello, Michele

2018-05-01

Helical liquids have been experimentally realized in both nanowires and ultracold atomic chains as the result of strong spin–orbit interactions. In both cases the inner degrees of freedom can be considered as an additional space dimension, providing an interpretation of these systems as chiral synthetic ladders, with artificial magnetic fluxes determined by the spin–orbit terms. In this work, we characterize the helical state which appears at filling ν = 1/2: this state is generated by a gap arising in the spin sector of the corresponding Luttinger liquid and it can be interpreted as the one-dimensional (1D) limit of a fractional quantum Hall state of bosonic pairs of fermions. We study its main features, focusing on entanglement properties and correlation functions. The techniques developed here provide a key example for the study of similar quasi-1D systems beyond the semiclassical approximation commonly adopted in the description of the Laughlin-like states.

Nature of a single doped hole in two-leg Hubbard and t - J ladders

DOE PAGES

Liu, Shenxiu; Jiang, Hong -Chen; Devereaux, Thomas P.

2016-10-15

In this study, we have systematically studied the single-hole problem in two-leg Hubbard and t–J ladders by large-scale density-matrix renormalization-group calculations. We found that the doped holes in both models behave similarly, while the three-site correlated hopping term is not important in determining the ground-state properties. For more insights, we have also calculated the elementary excitations, i.e., the energy gaps to the excited states of the system. In the strong-rung limit, we found that the doped hole behaves as a Bloch quasiparticle in both systems where the spin and charge of the doped hole are tightly bound together. In themore » isotropic limit, while the hole still behaves like a quasiparticle in the long-wavelength limit, our results show that its spin and charge components are only loosely bound together inside the quasiparticle, whose internal structure can lead to a visible residual effect which dramatically changes the local structure of the ground-state wave function.« less

Integrated Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A). As-Designed Parts List: Electrical, Electronic, and Electromechanical (EEE) As-Built Parts List for the AMSU-A Instruments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

This is the As-Designed Parts List, Electrical, Electronic, and Electromechanical (EEE) As-Built Parts Lists For The AMSU-A Instruments, for the Integrated Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A).

42 CFR Appendix G to Part 5 - Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Veterinary Professional(s)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... of Veterinary Professional(s) G Appendix G to Part 5 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL PROVISIONS DESIGNATION OF HEALTH PROFESSIONAL(S) SHORTAGE AREAS Pt. 5, App. G Appendix G to Part 5—Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Veterinary...

The Impact of Part-Time Staff on Art & Design Students' Ratings of Their Programmes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yorke, Mantz

2014-01-01

Art & Design receives ratings on a number of scales of the UK's National Student Survey (NSS) that are less strong than those for some other subject areas. Art & Design, along with performing arts, is characterised by a relatively high level of part-time (PT) staffing. PT staffing data are set against NSS ratings for post-92 universities…

Emerging spatial curvature can resolve the tension between high-redshift CMB and low-redshift distance ladder measurements of the Hubble constant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bolejko, Krzysztof

2018-05-01

The measurements of the Hubble constant reveal a tension between high-redshift (CMB) and low-redshift (distance ladder) constraints. So far neither observational systematics nor new physics has been successfully implemented to explain away this tension. This paper presents a new solution to the Hubble constant problem. The solution is based on the Simsilun simulation (relativistic simulation of the large scale structure of the Universe) with the ray-tracing algorithm implemented. The initial conditions for the Simsilun simulation were set up as perturbations around the Λ CDM model. However, unlike in the standard cosmological model (i.e., Λ CDM model +perturbations ), within the Simsilun simulation relativistic and nonlinear evolution of cosmic structures lead to the phenomenon of emerging spatial curvature, where the mean spatial curvature evolves from the spatial flatness of the early Universe towards the slightly curved present-day Universe. Consequently, the present-day expansion rate is slightly faster compared to the spatially flat Λ CDM model. The results of the ray-tracing analysis show that the Universe which starts with initial conditions consistent with the Planck constraints should have the Hubble constant H0=72.5 ±2.1 km s-1 Mpc-1 . When the Simsilun simulation was rerun with no inhomogeneities imposed, the Hubble constant inferred within such a homogeneous simulation was H0=68.1 ±2.0 km s-1 Mpc-1 . Thus, the inclusion of nonlinear relativistic evolution that leads to the emergence of the spatial curvature can explain why the low-redshift measurements favor higher values compared to the high-redshift constraints and alleviate the tension between the CMB and distance ladder measurements of the Hubble constant.

AT2 DS II - Accelerator System Design (Part II) - CCC Video Conference

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

Discussion Session - Accelerator System Design (Part II) Tutors: C. Darve, J. Weisend II, Ph. Lebrun, A. Dabrowski, U. Raich Video Conference with the CERN Control Center. Experts in the field of Accelerator science will be available to answer the students questions. This session will link the CCC and SA (using Codec VC).

46 CFR 163.003-1 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... production tests for a pilot ladder used on a merchant vessel to embark and disembark pilots and other persons when away from the dock. (b) The requirements in this subpart apply to a pilot ladder designed for...

42 CFR Appendix B to Part 5 - Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional(s)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... of Dental Professional(s) B Appendix B to Part 5 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF..., App. B Appendix B to Part 5—Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional... designated as having a shortage of dental professional(s) if both the following criteria are met: (a) The...

42 CFR Appendix B to Part 5 - Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional(s)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... of Dental Professional(s) B Appendix B to Part 5 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF..., App. B Appendix B to Part 5—Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional... designated as having a shortage of dental professional(s) if both the following criteria are met: (a) The...

42 CFR Appendix B to Part 5 - Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional(s)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... of Dental Professional(s) B Appendix B to Part 5 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF..., App. B Appendix B to Part 5—Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional... designated as having a shortage of dental professional(s) if both the following criteria are met: (a) The...

42 CFR Appendix B to Part 5 - Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional(s)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... of Dental Professional(s) B Appendix B to Part 5 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF..., App. B Appendix B to Part 5—Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional... designated as having a shortage of dental professional(s) if both the following criteria are met: (a) The...

42 CFR Appendix B to Part 5 - Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional(s)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... of Dental Professional(s) B Appendix B to Part 5 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF..., App. B Appendix B to Part 5—Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Dental Professional... designated as having a shortage of dental professional(s) if both the following criteria are met: (a) The...

All-Phononic Digital Transistor on the Basis of Gap-Soliton Dynamics in an Anharmonic Oscillator Ladder.

PubMed

Malishava, Merab; Khomeriki, Ramaz

2015-09-04

A conceptual mechanism of amplification of phonons by phonons on the basis of a nonlinear band-gap transmission (supratransmission) phenomenon is presented. As an example, a system of weakly coupled chains of anharmonic oscillators is considered. One (source) chain is driven harmonically by a boundary with a frequency located in the upper band close to the band edge of the ladder system. Amplification happens when a second (gate) chain is driven by a small signal in the counterphase and with the same frequency as the first chain. If the total driving of both chains overcomes the band-gap transmission threshold, the large amplitude band-gap soliton emerges and the amplification scenario is realized. The mechanism is interpreted as the nonlinear superposition of evanescent and propagating nonlinear modes manifesting in a single or double soliton generation working in band-gap or bandpass regimes, respectively. The results could be straightforwardly generalized for all-optical or all-magnonic contexts and have all the promise of logic gate operations.

All-Phononic Digital Transistor on the Basis of Gap-Soliton Dynamics in an Anharmonic Oscillator Ladder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Malishava, Merab; Khomeriki, Ramaz

2015-09-01

A conceptual mechanism of amplification of phonons by phonons on the basis of a nonlinear band-gap transmission (supratransmission) phenomenon is presented. As an example, a system of weakly coupled chains of anharmonic oscillators is considered. One (source) chain is driven harmonically by a boundary with a frequency located in the upper band close to the band edge of the ladder system. Amplification happens when a second (gate) chain is driven by a small signal in the counterphase and with the same frequency as the first chain. If the total driving of both chains overcomes the band-gap transmission threshold, the large amplitude band-gap soliton emerges and the amplification scenario is realized. The mechanism is interpreted as the nonlinear superposition of evanescent and propagating nonlinear modes manifesting in a single or double soliton generation working in band-gap or bandpass regimes, respectively. The results could be straightforwardly generalized for all-optical or all-magnonic contexts and have all the promise of logic gate operations.

46 CFR 160.017-1 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... approval and production tests for chain ladders used on a merchant vessel to get on and off the vessel in an emergency. (b) The requirements in this subpart apply to a chain ladder designed for use along a...

Coil End Parts Development Using BEND and Design for MQXF by LARP

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yu, Miao; Ambrosio, G.; Bermudez, S. Izquierdo

2016-09-06

End parts are critical components for saddle-shaped coils. They have a structural function where the cables are deformed in order to cross over the magnet aperture. Based on the previous design of the US LARP program for 90 mm aperture quadrupoles (TQ/LQ) and 120 mm aperture quadrupoles (HQ/LHQ) using BEND, the coil ends of the low-β quadruples (MQXF) for the HiLumi LHC upgrade were developed. This paper shows the design of the MQXF coil ends, the analysis of the coil ends during the coil fabrication, the autopsy analysis of the coil ends and the feedback to BEND parameters.

A Mathematical Formulation of the SCOLE Control Problem. Part 2: Optimal Compensator Design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Balakrishnan, A. V.

1988-01-01

The study initiated in Part 1 of this report is concluded and optimal feedback control (compensator) design for stability augmentation is considered, following the mathematical formulation developed in Part 1. Co-located (rate) sensors and (force and moment) actuators are assumed, and allowing for both sensor and actuator noise, stabilization is formulated as a stochastic regulator problem. Specializing the general theory developed by the author, a complete, closed form solution (believed to be new with this report) is obtained, taking advantage of the fact that the inherent structural damping is light. In particular, it is possible to solve in closed form the associated infinite-dimensional steady-state Riccati equations. The SCOLE model involves associated partial differential equations in a single space variable, but the compensator design theory developed is far more general since it is given in the abstract wave equation formulation. The results thus hold for any multibody system so long as the basic model is linear.

Turbomachine Sealing and Secondary Flows. Part 1; Review of Sealing Performance, Customer, Engine Designer, and Research Issues

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hendricks, R. C.; Steinetz, B. M.; Braun, M. J.

2004-01-01

Although forces outside our control shape our industry, turbomachine sealing research, design, and customer agendas established in 1978 by Ludwig, Campbell, and Smith in terms of specific fuel consumption and performance remain as objectives today. Advances have been made because failures of the space shuttle main engine turbomachinery ushered in a new understanding of sealing in high-power-density systems. Further, it has been shown that changes in sealing, especially for high-pressure rotors, dramatically change the performance of the entire engine or turbomachine. Maintaining seal leakages and secondary flows within engine design specifications remains the most efficient and cost effective way to enhance performance and minimize maintenance costs. This three-part review summarizes experiences, ideas, successes, and failures by NASA and the U.S. aerospace industry in secondary flow management in advanced turbomachinery. Part 1 presents system sealing, part 2 system rotordynamics, and part 3 modeling, with some overlap of each part.

Application of finite element method in mechanical design of automotive parts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gu, Suohai

2017-09-01

As an effective numerical analysis method, finite element method (FEM) has been widely used in mechanical design and other fields. In this paper, the development of FEM is introduced firstly, then the specific steps of FEM applications are illustrated and the difficulties of FEM are summarized in detail. Finally, applications of FEM in automobile components such as automobile wheel, steel plate spring, body frame, shaft parts and so on are summarized, compared with related research experiments.

Star formation relations and CO spectral line energy distributions across the J-ladder and redshift

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Greve, T. R.; Leonidaki, I.; Xilouris, E. M.

2014-10-20

We present FIR [50-300 μm]–CO luminosity relations (i.e., log L{sub FIR}=αlog L{sub CO}{sup ′}+β) for the full CO rotational ladder from J = 1-0 up to J = 13-12 for a sample of 62 local (z ≤ 0.1) (Ultra) Luminous Infrared Galaxies (LIRGs; L {sub IR[8-1000} {sub μm]} > 10{sup 11} L {sub ☉}) using data from Herschel SPIRE-FTS and ground-based telescopes. We extend our sample to high redshifts (z > 1) by including 35 submillimeter selected dusty star forming galaxies from the literature with robust CO observations, and sufficiently well-sampled FIR/submillimeter spectral energy distributions (SEDs), so that accurate FIRmore » luminosities can be determined. The addition of luminous starbursts at high redshifts enlarge the range of the FIR–CO luminosity relations toward the high-IR-luminosity end, while also significantly increasing the small amount of mid-J/high-J CO line data (J = 5-4 and higher) that was available prior to Herschel. This new data set (both in terms of IR luminosity and J-ladder) reveals linear FIR–CO luminosity relations (i.e., α ≅ 1) for J = 1-0 up to J = 5-4, with a nearly constant normalization (β ∼ 2). In the simplest physical scenario, this is expected from the (also) linear FIR–(molecular line) relations recently found for the dense gas tracer lines (HCN and CS), as long as the dense gas mass fraction does not vary strongly within our (merger/starburst)-dominated sample. However, from J = 6-5 and up to the J = 13-12 transition, we find an increasingly sublinear slope and higher normalization constant with increasing J. We argue that these are caused by a warm (∼100 K) and dense (>10{sup 4} cm{sup –3}) gas component whose thermal state is unlikely to be maintained by star-formation-powered far-UV radiation fields (and thus is no longer directly tied to the star formation rate). We suggest that mechanical heating (e.g., supernova-driven turbulence and shocks), and not cosmic rays, is the more likely source of energy

Amplifiers for bioelectric events: a design with a minimal number of parts.

PubMed

MettingVanRijn, A C; Peper, A; Grimbergen, C A

1994-05-01

A design for an amplifier for bioelectric events is presented that has fewer parts than conventional designs. The design allows the construction of amplifiers of a high quality in terms of noise and common mode rejection, with reduced dimensions and with a lower power consumption. Gain, bandwidth and number of channels are easily adapted to a wide range of biomedical applications. An application example is given in the form of a multichannel EEG amplifier (gain is 20,000), in which each channel consists of three operational amplifiers (one single and one dual), six resistors and two capacitors. The equivalent input noise voltage and current are 0.15 microVrms and 1 pArms, respectively, in a bandwidth of 0.2-40 Hz, and a common mode rejection ratio of 136 dB is achieved without trimming.

Preparation for implementation of the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide in Michigan : part 1 - HMA mixture characterization.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-03-01

This is the final report of the Part 1 (HMA Mixture Characterization) of the Preparation for Implementation of the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide in Michigan project. The main objectives of the Part 1 were (i) to conduct a literatu...

Enhancing healthcare process design with human factors engineering and reliability science, part 1: setting the context.

PubMed

Boston-Fleischhauer, Carol

2008-01-01

The design and implementation of efficient, effective, and safe processes are never-ending challenges in healthcare. Less than optimal performance levels and rising concerns about patient safety suggest that traditional process design methods are insufficient to meet design requirements. In this 2-part series, the author presents human factors engineering and reliability science as important knowledge to enhance existing operational and clinical process design methods in healthcare. An examination of these theories, application approaches, and examples are presented.

A millimeter-wave tunneladder TWT

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, D.

1988-01-01

A millimeter-wave traveling wave tube (TWT) was developed using a dispersive, high-impedance forward wave interaction structure based on a ladder, with non-space-harmonic interaction, for a tube with high gain per inch and high efficiency. The 'TunneLadder' interaction structure combines ladder properties modified to accommodate Pierce gun beam optics in a radially magnetized PM focusing structure. The development involved the fabrication of chemically milled, shaped ladders diffusion brazed to diamond cubes which are in turn active diffusion brazed to each ridge of a doubly ridged waveguide. Cold-test data, representing the (omega)(beta) and and impedance characteristics of the modified ladder circuit, were used in small and large-signal computer programs to predict TWT gain and efficiency. The structural design emphasizes ruggedness and reliability. Actual data from tested tubes verify the predicted performance while providing broader bandwidth than expected.

Super (a, d)-Cycle-Antimagic Total Labeling on Triangular Ladder Graph and Generalized Jahangir Graph

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roswitha, Mania; Amanda, Anna; Sri Martini, Titin; Winarno, Bowo

2017-06-01

Let G(V (G), E(G)) be a finite simple graph with |V (G)| = G and |E(G)| = eG . Let H be a subgraph of G. The graph G is said to be (a, d)-H-antimagic covering if every edge in G belongs to at least one of the subgraphs G isomorphic to H and there is a bijective function ξ : V ∪ E → {1, 2, …,νG + eG } such that all subgraphs H‧ isomorphic to H, the H‧ -weights w(H‧)=∑v∈V(H‧)ξ(v)+∑e∈E(H‧)ξ(e) constitutes an arithmetic progression {a, a + d, a + 2d, …, a + (t - 1)d}, where a and d are positive integers and t is the number of subgraphs G isomorphic to H. Such a labeling is called super if the vertices contain the smallest possible labels. This research provides super (a, d)-C 3-antimagic total labelng on triangular ladder TLn for n ≥ 2 and super (a, d)-C s+2-antimagic total labeling on generalized Jahangir Jk,s for k ≥ 2 and s ≥ 2.

Modular design of synthetic gene circuits with biological parts and pools.

PubMed

Marchisio, Mario Andrea

2015-01-01

Synthetic gene circuits can be designed in an electronic fashion by displaying their basic components-Standard Biological Parts and Pools of molecules-on the computer screen and connecting them with hypothetical wires. This procedure, achieved by our add-on for the software ProMoT, was successfully applied to bacterial circuits. Recently, we have extended this design-methodology to eukaryotic cells. Here, highly complex components such as promoters and Pools of mRNA contain hundreds of species and reactions whose calculation demands a rule-based modeling approach. We showed how to build such complex modules via the joint employment of the software BioNetGen (rule-based modeling) and ProMoT (modularization). In this chapter, we illustrate how to utilize our computational tool for synthetic biology with the in silico implementation of a simple eukaryotic gene circuit that performs the logic AND operation.

46 CFR 108.540 - Survival craft muster and embarkation arrangements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT Lifesaving Equipment § 108.540 Survival craft muster and... minutes from the time the instruction to board is given. (e) Each davit-launched and free-fall survival... ladder as follows: (1) Each embarkation ladder must be approved under approval series 160.117 or be a...

Visual design for the user interface, Part 1: Design fundamentals.

PubMed

Lynch, P J

1994-01-01

Digital audiovisual media and computer-based documents will be the dominant forms of professional communication in both clinical medicine and the biomedical sciences. The design of highly interactive multimedia systems will shortly become a major activity for biocommunications professionals. The problems of human-computer interface design are intimately linked with graphic design for multimedia presentations and on-line document systems. This article outlines the history of graphic interface design and the theories that have influenced the development of today's major graphic user interfaces.

Design and Implementation of the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial (PART)

PubMed Central

Wang, Henry E.; Prince, David; Stephens, Shannon W.; Herren, Heather; Daya, Mohamud; Richmond, Neal; Carlson, Jestin; Warden, Craig; Colella, M. Riccardo; Brienza, Ashley; Aufderheide, Tom P.; Idris, Ahamed; Schmicker, Robert; May, Susanne; Nichol, Graham

2016-01-01

Airway management is an important component of resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The optimal approach to advanced airway management is unknown. The Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial (PART) will compare the effectiveness of endotracheal intubation (ETI) and Laryngeal Tube (LT) insertion upon 72-hour survival in adult OHCA. Encompassing United States Emergency Medical Services agencies affiliated with the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC), PART will use a cluster-crossover randomized design. Participating subjects will include adult, non-traumatic OHCA requiring bag-valve-mask ventilation. Trial interventions will include 1) initial airway management with ETI and 2) initial airway management with LT. The primary and secondary trial outcomes are 72-hour survival and return of spontaneous circulation. Additional clinical outcomes will include airway management process and adverse events. The trial will enroll a total of 3,000 subjects. Results of PART may guide the selection of advanced airway management strategies in OHCA. PMID:26851059

Temperature and composition phase diagram in the iron-based ladder compounds Ba1-xCsxFe2Se3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hawai, Takafumi; Nambu, Yusuke; Ohgushi, Kenya; Du, Fei; Hirata, Yasuyuki; Avdeev, Maxim; Uwatoko, Yoshiya; Sekine, Yurina; Fukazawa, Hiroshi; Ma, Jie; Chi, Songxue; Ueda, Yutaka; Yoshizawa, Hideki; Sato, Taku J.

2015-05-01

We investigated the iron-based ladder compounds (Ba,Cs ) Fe2Se3 . Their parent compounds BaFe2Se3 and CsFe2Se3 have different space groups, formal valences of Fe, and magnetic structures. Electrical resistivity, specific heat, magnetic susceptibility, x-ray diffraction, and powder neutron diffraction measurements were conducted to obtain a temperature and composition phase diagram of this system. Block magnetism observed in BaFe2Se3 is drastically suppressed with Cs doping. In contrast, stripe magnetism observed in CsFe2Se3 is not so fragile against Ba doping. A new type of magnetic structure appears in intermediate compositions, which is similar to stripe magnetism of CsFe2Se3 , but interladder spin configuration is different. Intermediate compounds show insulating behavior, nevertheless a finite T -linear contribution in specific heat was obtained at low temperatures.

Design sensitivity analysis using EAL. Part 1: Conventional design parameters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dopker, B.; Choi, Kyung K.; Lee, J.

1986-01-01

A numerical implementation of design sensitivity analysis of builtup structures is presented, using the versatility and convenience of an existing finite element structural analysis code and its database management system. The finite element code used in the implemenatation presented is the Engineering Analysis Language (EAL), which is based on a hybrid method of analysis. It was shown that design sensitivity computations can be carried out using the database management system of EAL, without writing a separate program and a separate database. Conventional (sizing) design parameters such as cross-sectional area of beams or thickness of plates and plane elastic solid components are considered. Compliance, displacement, and stress functionals are considered as performance criteria. The method presented is being extended to implement shape design sensitivity analysis using a domain method and a design component method.

Temperature and composition phase diagram in the iron-based ladder compounds Ba 1 - x Cs x Fe 2 Se 3

DOE PAGES

Hawai, Takafumi; Nambu, Yusuke; Ohgushi, Kenya; ...

2015-05-28

We investigated the iron-based ladder compounds (Ba,Cs)Fe₂Se₃. Their parent compounds BaFe₂Se₃ and CsFe₂Se₃ have different space groups, formal valences of Fe, and magnetic structures. Electrical resistivity, specific heat, magnetic susceptibility, x-ray diffraction, and powder neutron diffraction measurements were conducted to obtain a temperature and composition phase diagram of this system. Block magnetism observed in BaFe₂Se₃ is drastically suppressed with Cs doping. In contrast, stripe magnetism observed in CsFe₂Se₃ is not so fragile against Ba doping. A new type of magnetic structure appears in intermediate compositions, which is similar to stripe magnetism of CsFe₂Se₃, but interladder spin configuration is different. Intermediatemore » compounds show insulating behavior, nevertheless a finite T-linear contribution in specific heat was obtained at low temperatures.« less

Insensitivity of The Distance Ladder Hubble Constant Determination to Cepheid Calibration Modeling Choices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Follin, B.; Knox, L.

2018-03-01

Recent determination of the Hubble constant via Cepheid-calibrated supernovae by Riess et al. (2016) (R16) find ˜3σ tension with inferences based on cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization measurements from Planck. This tension could be an indication of inadequacies in the concordance ΛCDM model. Here we investigate the possibility that the discrepancy could instead be due to systematic bias or uncertainty in the Cepheid calibration step of the distance ladder measurement by R16. We consider variations in total-to-selective extinction of Cepheid flux as a function of line-of-sight, hidden structure in the period-luminosity relationship, and potentially different intrinsic colour distributions of Cepheids as a function of host galaxy. Considering all potential sources of error, our final determination of H0 = 73.3 ± 1.7 km/s/Mpc (not including systematic errors from the treatment of geometric distances or Type Ia Supernovae) shows remarkable robustness and agreement with R16. We conclude systematics from the modelling of Cepheid photometry, including Cepheid selection criteria, cannot explain the observed tension between Cepheid-variable and CMB-based inferences of the Hubble constant. Considering a `model-independent' approach to relating Cepheids in galaxies with known distances to Cepheids in galaxies hosting a Type Ia supernova and finding agreement with the R16 result, we conclude no generalization of the model relating anchor and host Cepheid magnitude measurements can introduce significant bias in the H0 inference.

Insensitivity of the distance ladder Hubble constant determination to Cepheid calibration modelling choices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Follin, B.; Knox, L.

2018-07-01

Recent determination of the Hubble constant via Cepheid-calibrated supernovae by Riess et al.find ˜3σ tension with inferences based on cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization measurements from Planck. This tension could be an indication of inadequacies in the concordance Λcold dark matter model. Here, we investigate the possibility that the discrepancy could instead be due to systematic bias or uncertainty in the Cepheid calibration step of the distance ladder measurement by Riess et al. We consider variations in total-to-selective extinction of Cepheid flux as a function of line of sight, hidden structure in the period-luminosity relationship, and potentially different intrinsic colour distributions of Cepheids as a function of host galaxy. Considering all potential sources of error, our final determination of H0 = 73.3 ± 1.7 km s-1Mpc-1 (not including systematic errors from the treatment of geometric distances or Type Ia supernovae) shows remarkable robustness and agreement with Riess et al. We conclude systematics from the modelling of Cepheid photometry, including Cepheid selection criteria, cannot explain the observed tension between Cepheid-variable and CMB-based inferences of the Hubble constant. Considering a `model-independent' approach to relating Cepheids in galaxies with known distances to Cepheids in galaxies hosting a Type Ia supernova and finding agreement with the Riess et al. result, we conclude no generalization of the model relating anchor and host Cepheid magnitude measurements can introduce significant bias in the H0 inference.

Postgraduate part-time education in optical design for technical personnel in the Russian optical industry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khoroshev, Michael V.

1997-12-01

Traditionally two intercompletely training forms are used in Russian optical industry: a training at University and at the high technology optical plant laboratories. The curriculum adaptation for specific part-time conditions is made by associating of similar courses, intensivizing of the methodic preparation, using of the highest qualification faculty's lectors. Special attention is given to a master's skill development by the intensification of the practice part of each course of studies. Since 1961 about 2,300 diploma engineers in optical design graduated MIIGAiK Part-time Faculty. Among them are chiefs of the large scientific groups, the authors of the newest electro-optical devices, the lecturers and professors at the professional educating system.

Development of a 39.5 GHz Karp traveling wave tube for use in space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jacquez, A.; Wilson, D.

1988-01-01

A millimeter-wave TWT was developed using a dispersive, high-impedance forward wave interaction structure based on a ladder, with non-space-harmonic interaction, for a tube with high gain per inch and high efficiency. The 'Tunneladder' interaction structure combines ladder properties modified to accommodate Pierce gun beam optics on a radially magnetized PM focusing structure. The development involved the fabrication of chemically milled, shaped ladders diffusion brazed to each ridge of a double ridged waveguide. Cold-test data are presented, representing the omega-Beta and impedance characteristics of the modified ladder circuit These results were used in small and large-signal computer programs to predict TWT gain and efficiency. A laboratory model tube was designed and fabricated, including all major subassemblies.

29 CFR Appendix E to Part 825 - Designation Notice to Employee of FMLA Leave (Form WH-382)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Designation Notice to Employee of FMLA Leave (Form WH-382) E Appendix E to Part 825 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Pt. 825, App. E Appendix E to Part...

12 CFR Appendix A to Part 252 - Policy Statement on the Scenario Design Framework for Stress Testing

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Policy Statement on the Scenario Design... YY) Pt. 252, App. A Appendix A to Part 252—Policy Statement on the Scenario Design Framework for... (stress test rules) implementing section 165(i) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer...

50 CFR Table 15 to Part 679 - Gear Codes, Descriptions, and Use

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., power gurdy TROLL X X 15 X X All other gear types OTH X X ADF&G GEAR CODES Diving 11 X X Dredge 22 X X Dredge, hydro/mechanical 23 X X Fish ladder/raceway 77 X X Fish wheel 08 X X Gillnet, drift 03 X X...

Fostering design for avoiding small parts in commonly used objects.

PubMed

de Koning, Ton; Foltran, Francesca; Gregori, Dario

2012-05-14

Injuries due to the accidental ingestion or aspiration of small parts have became a matter of interest in the last 30 years, focusing on the relationship between a proper prevention and the diminished frequency of occurrences. Small parts in commonly used objects represent a large sector of potential danger, taking explicit mouthing behavior of children in the first four years of life. In this paper the intent is to show the current situation of design projects and legislation around the world, meant to avoid the casual accidents due to manufacturing reasons. Proposed process and quality control standards seek to eliminate production errors and control materials to avoid deviation from the design. The present study draws its data from the Susy Safe registry, a European Commission co-funded project started in February 2005, whose aim is to establish an international registry of cases of Foreign Bodies (FB) injuries in children aged 0-14 years. Information collected from the data base concern age and gender of the child, location, shape, volume, consistency and elipticity of the foreign body, any complication occurred, hospitalization, and behavioral aspects linked to the injury, like the supervision of the parents or the activity concomitant to the injury. Cases are prospectively collected using the Susy Safe system from 06/2005; moreover, also information regarding past consecutive cases available in each center adhering to the project have been entered in the Susy Safe Registry. Data evidenced that the majority of small parts related injuries are related to stationery. The majority of objects (56.7%), were located in the nose, followed by the ears (31.5%). The distribution on incidence of FB injuries by age class shows that the majority of injuries due to small parts in common objects occurred in children older than >3 years. Male and female were affected with the same frequency when concerning the nose, while all other locations showed a higher frequency in males

29 CFR Appendix E to Part 825 - Designation Notice to Employee of FMLA Leave (Form WH-382)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Pt. 825, App. E Appendix E to Part 825—Designation Notice to Employee of FMLA Leave (Form WH-382) ER17NO08.011 ... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Designation Notice to Employee of FMLA Leave (Form WH-382...

29 CFR Appendix E to Part 825 - Designation Notice to Employee of FMLA Leave (Form WH-382)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Pt. 825, App. E Appendix E to Part 825—Designation Notice to Employee of FMLA Leave (Form WH-382) ER17NO08.011 ... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Designation Notice to Employee of FMLA Leave (Form WH-382...

On-Line Retrieval System Design; Part V of Scientific Report No. ISR-18, Information Storage and Retrieval...

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY. Dept. of Computer Science.

On-line retrieval system design is discussed in the two papers which make up Part Five of this report on Salton's Magical Automatic Retriever of Texts (SMART) project report. The first paper: "A Prototype On-Line Document Retrieval System" by D. Williamson and R. Williamson outlines a design for a SMART on-line document retrieval system…

Travelling-solvent floating-zone growth of the dilutely Co-doped spin-ladder compound Sr14(Cu, Co)24O41

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bag, Rabindranath; Karmakar, Koushik; Singh, Surjeet

2017-01-01

We present here crystal growth of dilutely Co-doped spin-ladder compounds Sr14(Cu 1-x, Cox)24O41 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1) using the Travelling Solvent Floating Zone (TSFZ) technique associated with an image furnace. We carried out detailed microstructure and compositional analysis. The microstructure of the frozen-in FZ revealed two bands: a lower band consisting of well-aligned single-crystalline stripes of the phase Sr14(Cu, Co)24O41 embedded in the eutectic mixture of composition SrO 18% and (Cu, Co)O 82%; and an upper band consisting of a criss-crossed pattern of these stripes. These analyses were also employed to determine the distribution coefficient of the dopants in Sr14Cu24O41. The distribution coefficient turned out to be close to 1, different from Sr2CuO3 reported previously where Co tend to accumulate in the molten zone. Direct access to the composition of the frozen-in zone eliminated any previous ambiguities associated with the composition of the peritectic point of Sr14Cu24O41; and also the eutectic point in the binary SrO-CuO phase diagram. The lattice parameters show an anisotropic variation upon Co-doping with parameters a and b increasing, c decreasing; and with an overall decrease of the unit cell volume. Magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out on the pristine and the Co-doped crystals along the principal crystallographic axes. The spin susceptibility of the x = 0.01 crystal exhibits a strong anisotropy, which is in stark contrast with the isotropic behaviour of the pristine crystal. This anisotropy seems to arise from the intradimer exchange interaction as inferred from the anisotropy of the dimer contribution to the susceptibility of the Co-doped crystal. The Curie-tail in the magnetic susceptibility of Sr14(Cu 1-x, Cox)24O41 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1) crystals (field applied parallel to the ladder) was found to scale with Co-doping - the scaling is employed to confirm a homogeneous distribution of Co in a x = 0

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 52 - Design Certification Rule for the U.S. Advanced Boiling Water Reactor

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Water Reactor A Appendix A to Part 52 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) LICENSES... Rule for the U.S. Advanced Boiling Water Reactor I. Introduction Appendix A constitutes the standard design certification for the U.S. Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR) design, in accordance with 10 CFR...

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 52 - Design Certification Rule for the U.S. Advanced Boiling Water Reactor

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Water Reactor A Appendix A to Part 52 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) LICENSES... Rule for the U.S. Advanced Boiling Water Reactor I. Introduction Appendix A constitutes the standard design certification for the U.S. Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR) design, in accordance with 10 CFR...

Design and Development of a Novel Knudsen Compressor as a Part of a Joule-Thomson Cryocooler

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muthuvijayan, Indra; Antelius, Mikael; Björneklett, Are; Nilsson, Peter; Thorslund, Robert

2017-11-01

This paper presents the design and development of a novel Knudsen compressor, with no moving parts, as a part of a Joule-Thomson cryocooler. The compressor works by using the Knudsen diffusion principle and includes a combination of graphene-based layers and Knudsen membranes in a particular fashion to pressurize the fluid. The Knudsen membrane for this application was selected by testing several commercially available materials. Prototypes of single stage and a multistage compressors are presented together with experimental evaluations. Insights on a Tube-in-Tube heat exchanger, as another part a the Joule-Thomson cryocooler, intended to integrate with the Knudsen compressor, are also presented.

Safety assessment in plant layout design using indexing approach: implementing inherent safety perspective. Part 2-Domino Hazard Index and case study.

PubMed

Tugnoli, Alessandro; Khan, Faisal; Amyotte, Paul; Cozzani, Valerio

2008-12-15

The design of layout plans requires adequate assessment tools for the quantification of safety performance. The general focus of the present work is to introduce an inherent safety perspective at different points of the layout design process. In particular, index approaches for safety assessment and decision-making in the early stages of layout design are developed and discussed in this two-part contribution. Part 1 (accompanying paper) of the current work presents an integrated index approach for safety assessment of early plant layout. In the present paper (Part 2), an index for evaluation of the hazard related to the potential of domino effects is developed. The index considers the actual consequences of possible escalation scenarios and scores or ranks the subsequent accident propagation potential. The effects of inherent and passive protection measures are also assessed. The result is a rapid quantification of domino hazard potential that can provide substantial support for choices in the early stages of layout design. Additionally, a case study concerning selection among various layout options is presented and analyzed. The case study demonstrates the use and applicability of the indices developed in both parts of the current work and highlights the value of introducing inherent safety features early in layout design.

Chemometrics in analytical chemistry-part I: history, experimental design and data analysis tools.

PubMed

Brereton, Richard G; Jansen, Jeroen; Lopes, João; Marini, Federico; Pomerantsev, Alexey; Rodionova, Oxana; Roger, Jean Michel; Walczak, Beata; Tauler, Romà

2017-10-01

Chemometrics has achieved major recognition and progress in the analytical chemistry field. In the first part of this tutorial, major achievements and contributions of chemometrics to some of the more important stages of the analytical process, like experimental design, sampling, and data analysis (including data pretreatment and fusion), are summarised. The tutorial is intended to give a general updated overview of the chemometrics field to further contribute to its dissemination and promotion in analytical chemistry.

The ladder-shaped polyether toxin gambierol anchors the gating machinery of Kv3.1 channels in the resting state

PubMed Central

Kopljar, Ivan; Labro, Alain J.; de Block, Tessa; Rainier, Jon D.; Tytgat, Jan

2013-01-01

Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) and sodium (Nav) channels are key determinants of cellular excitability and serve as targets of neurotoxins. Most marine ciguatoxins potentiate Nav channels and cause ciguatera seafood poisoning. Several ciguatoxins have also been shown to affect Kv channels, and we showed previously that the ladder-shaped polyether toxin gambierol is a potent Kv channel inhibitor. Most likely, gambierol acts via a lipid-exposed binding site, located outside the K+ permeation pathway. However, the mechanism by which gambierol inhibits Kv channels remained unknown. Using gating and ionic current analysis to investigate how gambierol affected S6 gate opening and voltage-sensing domain (VSD) movements, we show that the resting (closed) channel conformation forms the high-affinity state for gambierol. The voltage dependence of activation was shifted by >120 mV in the depolarizing direction, precluding channel opening in the physiological voltage range. The (early) transitions between the resting and the open state were monitored with gating currents, and provided evidence that strong depolarizations allowed VSD movement up to the activated-not-open state. However, for transition to the fully open (ion-conducting) state, the toxin first needed to dissociate. These dissociation kinetics were markedly accelerated in the activated-not-open state, presumably because this state displayed a much lower affinity for gambierol. A tetrameric concatemer with only one high-affinity binding site still displayed high toxin sensitivity, suggesting that interaction with a single binding site prevented the concerted step required for channel opening. We propose a mechanism whereby gambierol anchors the channel’s gating machinery in the resting state, requiring more work from the VSD to open the channel. This mechanism is quite different from the action of classical gating modifier peptides (e.g., hanatoxin). Therefore, polyether toxins open new opportunities in structure�

Computational design of RNA parts, devices, and transcripts with kinetic folding algorithms implemented on multiprocessor clusters.

PubMed

Thimmaiah, Tim; Voje, William E; Carothers, James M

2015-01-01

With progress toward inexpensive, large-scale DNA assembly, the demand for simulation tools that allow the rapid construction of synthetic biological devices with predictable behaviors continues to increase. By combining engineered transcript components, such as ribosome binding sites, transcriptional terminators, ligand-binding aptamers, catalytic ribozymes, and aptamer-controlled ribozymes (aptazymes), gene expression in bacteria can be fine-tuned, with many corollaries and applications in yeast and mammalian cells. The successful design of genetic constructs that implement these kinds of RNA-based control mechanisms requires modeling and analyzing kinetically determined co-transcriptional folding pathways. Transcript design methods using stochastic kinetic folding simulations to search spacer sequence libraries for motifs enabling the assembly of RNA component parts into static ribozyme- and dynamic aptazyme-regulated expression devices with quantitatively predictable functions (rREDs and aREDs, respectively) have been described (Carothers et al., Science 334:1716-1719, 2011). Here, we provide a detailed practical procedure for computational transcript design by illustrating a high throughput, multiprocessor approach for evaluating spacer sequences and generating functional rREDs. This chapter is written as a tutorial, complete with pseudo-code and step-by-step instructions for setting up a computational cluster with an Amazon, Inc. web server and performing the large numbers of kinefold-based stochastic kinetic co-transcriptional folding simulations needed to design functional rREDs and aREDs. The method described here should be broadly applicable for designing and analyzing a variety of synthetic RNA parts, devices and transcripts.

Energy-Conscious Design: Part 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawrence, Jerry

1984-01-01

There are many design features that can be used to achieve an energy-efficient building. Described are task lighting, unoccupied space shutoff, onsite well with heat pump, wide-band thermostats, and solar energy. (MLF)

Design and use of multisine signals for Li-ion battery equivalent circuit modelling. Part 1: Signal design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Widanage, W. D.; Barai, A.; Chouchelamane, G. H.; Uddin, K.; McGordon, A.; Marco, J.; Jennings, P.

2016-08-01

The Pulse Power Current (PPC) profile is often the signal of choice for obtaining the parameters of a Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery Equivalent Circuit Model (ECM). Subsequently, a drive-cycle current profile is used as a validation signal. Such a profile, in contrast to a PPC, is more dynamic in both the amplitude and frequency bandwidth. Modelling errors can occur when using PPC data for parametrisation since the model is optimised over a narrower bandwidth than the validation profile. A signal more representative of a drive-cycle, while maintaining a degree of generality, is needed to reduce such modelling errors. In Part 1 of this 2-part paper a signal design technique defined as a pulse-multisine is presented. This superimposes a signal known as a multisine to a discharge, rest and charge base signal to achieve a profile more dynamic in amplitude and frequency bandwidth, and thus more similar to a drive-cycle. The signal improves modelling accuracy and reduces the experimentation time, per state-of-charge (SoC) and temperature, to several minutes compared to several hours for an PPC experiment.

Safety assessment in plant layout design using indexing approach: implementing inherent safety perspective. Part 1 - guideword applicability and method description.

PubMed

Tugnoli, Alessandro; Khan, Faisal; Amyotte, Paul; Cozzani, Valerio

2008-12-15

Layout planning plays a key role in the inherent safety performance of process plants since this design feature controls the possibility of accidental chain-events and the magnitude of possible consequences. A lack of suitable methods to promote the effective implementation of inherent safety in layout design calls for the development of new techniques and methods. In the present paper, a safety assessment approach suitable for layout design in the critical early phase is proposed. The concept of inherent safety is implemented within this safety assessment; the approach is based on an integrated assessment of inherent safety guideword applicability within the constraints typically present in layout design. Application of these guidewords is evaluated along with unit hazards and control devices to quantitatively map the safety performance of different layout options. Moreover, the economic aspects related to safety and inherent safety are evaluated by the method. Specific sub-indices are developed within the integrated safety assessment system to analyze and quantify the hazard related to domino effects. The proposed approach is quick in application, auditable and shares a common framework applicable in other phases of the design lifecycle (e.g. process design). The present work is divided in two parts: Part 1 (current paper) presents the application of inherent safety guidelines in layout design and the index method for safety assessment; Part 2 (accompanying paper) describes the domino hazard sub-index and demonstrates the proposed approach with a case study, thus evidencing the introduction of inherent safety features in layout design.

Hot Runner Mold Design of Fan Diverter Parts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Juan, D. J.; Cheng, Y. L.

2017-09-01

In this study, we discuss the case of plastic parts for the production of fan steering gear shaft parts injection molding, and use POM plastic steel to produce plastic parts from traditional cold runners. Because of the parts have a hole, which need side slide. The runner produce more waste after plastic parts injection make the runner waste account for the cost is relatively high, the cost of stock preparation is relatively increased when the product quantity demanded is great. After the crushing treatment of the waste, the backfill will affect the quality, and in the crushing process, the volume generated will make the operator to withstand up to 130 dB of noise. The actual test results show that the production cycle reduce 6.25%, while the production yield increase by about 5% and material costs reduced by 2% . It can be recovered within a year, not to mention the increase of the quality and reduction the noise on the staff of the benefit is impossible to estimate.

Repository Planning, Design, and Engineering: Part II-Equipment and Costing.

PubMed

Baird, Phillip M; Gunter, Elaine W

2016-08-01

Part II of this article discusses and provides guidance on the equipment and systems necessary to operate a repository. The various types of storage equipment and monitoring and support systems are presented in detail. While the material focuses on the large repository, the requirements for a small-scale startup are also presented. Cost estimates and a cost model for establishing a repository are presented. The cost model presents an expected range of acquisition costs for the large capital items in developing a repository. A range of 5,000-7,000 ft(2) constructed has been assumed, with 50 frozen storage units, to reflect a successful operation with growth potential. No design or engineering costs, permit or regulatory costs, or smaller items such as the computers, software, furniture, phones, and barcode readers required for operations have been included.

ARGOS laser system mechanical design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deysenroth, M.; Honsberg, M.; Gemperlein, H.; Ziegleder, J.; Raab, W.; Rabien, S.; Barl, L.; Gässler, W.; Borelli, J. L.

2014-07-01

ARGOS, a multi-star adaptive optics system is designed for the wide-field imager and multi-object spectrograph LUCI on the LBT (Large Binocular Telescope). Based on Rayleigh scattering the laser constellation images 3 artificial stars (at 532 nm) per each of the 2 eyes of the LBT, focused at a height of 12 km (Ground Layer Adaptive Optics). The stars are nominally positioned on a circle 2' in radius, but each star can be moved by up to 0.5' in any direction. For all of these needs are following main subsystems necessary: 1. A laser system with its 3 Lasers (Nd:YAG ~18W each) for delivering strong collimated light as for LGS indispensable. 2. The Launch system to project 3 beams per main mirror as a 40 cm telescope to the sky. 3. The Wave Front Sensor with a dichroic mirror. 4. The dichroic mirror unit to grab and interpret the data. 5. A Calibration Unit to adjust the system independently also during day time. 6. Racks + platforms for the WFS units. 7. Platforms and ladders for a secure access. This paper should mainly demonstrate how the ARGOS Laser System is configured and designed to support all other systems.

Experiments to evolve toward a tangible user interface for computer-aided design parts assembly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Legardeur, Jeremy; Garreau, Ludovic; Couture, Nadine

2004-05-01

In this paper, we present the concepts of the ESKUA (Experimentation of a Kinesics System Usable for Assembly) platform that allows designers to carry out the assembly of mechanical CAD (Computer Aided Design) parts. This platform, based on tangible user interface lead taking into account assembly constraints from the beginning of the design phase and especially during the phase of CAD models manipulation. Our goal is to propose a working environment where the designer is confronted with real assembly constraints which are currently masked by existing CAD software functionalities. Thus, the platform is based on the handling of physical objects, called tangible interactors, which enable having a physical perception of the assembly constraints. In this goal, we have defined a typology of interactors based on concepts proposed in Design For Assembly methods. We present here the results of studies that led to the evolution of this first interactors set. One is concerning an experiment to evaluate the cognitive aspects of the use of interactors. The other is about an analysis of existing mechanical product and fasteners. We will show how these studies lead to the evolution of the interactors based on the functional surfaces use.

Energy-Conscious Design. Part 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawrence, Jerry

1984-01-01

Practical energy-design elements adaptable for schools include building orientation and shape, inclusion of an energy-storage system, window placement, double or triple window glazing, air-curtain windows, and the use of earth berms and trees as wind breaks. (MLF)

Advances in genetic circuit design: novel biochemistries, deep part mining, and precision gene expression.

PubMed

Nielsen, Alec A K; Segall-Shapiro, Thomas H; Voigt, Christopher A

2013-12-01

Cells use regulatory networks to perform computational operations to respond to their environment. Reliably manipulating such networks would be valuable for many applications in biotechnology; for example, in having genes turn on only under a defined set of conditions or implementing dynamic or temporal control of expression. Still, building such synthetic regulatory circuits remains one of the most difficult challenges in genetic engineering and as a result they have not found widespread application. Here, we review recent advances that address the key challenges in the forward design of genetic circuits. First, we look at new design concepts, including the construction of layered digital and analog circuits, and new approaches to control circuit response functions. Second, we review recent work to apply part mining and computational design to expand the number of regulators that can be used together within one cell. Finally, we describe new approaches to obtain precise gene expression and to reduce context dependence that will accelerate circuit design by more reliably balancing regulators while reducing toxicity. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Interacting dynamic Wannier-Stark ladder driven by a periodic pulse train

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hino, Ken-Ichi; Tong, Xiao Min; Toshima, Nobuyuki

2008-01-01

The electronic structures of the Floquet states of the dynamic Wannier-Stark ladder (DWSL) are examined, where the DWSL is formed by driving the biased superlattices (SLs) by the periodic pulse train (PPT) with the electric field F(t) —with time t —and the temporal period 2π/ω . For a strong F(t) , interminiband interactions, namely, the ac-Zener tunneling (ac-ZT), are predominantly caused in the DWSL. Such a system is termed the interacting DWSL. In order to understand the details of the Floquet states and the modulation patterns by alteration of a couple of the PPT laser parameters, the linear absorption spectra, αabs(ωp;ω) , of optical interband transitions invoked by the monochromatic probe laser fp(t) with the frequency ωp are calculated, where the spectra are not only linear in fp(t) but also nonlinear in F(t) . The exciton effect is not included for the sake of simplicity. For the PPT driving with unit-pulse shapes largely deviated from the square and saw-toothed profiles, the spectra show unexpected dent structures, differing a great deal from the corresponding ac-ZT-free spectra basically similar to those of the original SLs just showing the ascending steplike structure. To deepen the understanding of this anomaly, the spectra of αabs0(ωp;ω)∝∂αabs(ωp;ω)/∂ωp are also calculated, whereby the dent structures become spectral dips showing the negative absorption. It is found that such anomalous behavior is attributed to the ac-ZT between different minibands that accompanies emission/absorption of the nonzero net number of photons with Jω (with J a nonzero integer). This anomaly also shows the unusual time dependence in the dual-time optical susceptibility associated with αabs0(ωp;ω) . Moreover, the possibility of existence of the negative absorption in the more realistic excitonic spectra is speculated.

Variant Alleles, Triallelic Patterns, and Point Mutations Observed in Nuclear Short Tandem Repeat Typing of Populations in Bosnia and Serbia

PubMed Central

Huel, René L. M.; Bašić, Lara; Madacki-Todorović, Kamelija; Smajlović, Lejla; Eminović, Izet; Berbić, Irfan; Miloš, Ana; Parsons, Thomas J.

2007-01-01

Aim To present a compendium of off-ladder alleles and other genotyping irregularities relating to rare/unexpected population genetic variation, observed in a large short tandem repeat (STR) database from Bosnia and Serbia. Methods DNA was extracted from blood stain cards relating to reference samples from a population of 32 800 individuals from Bosnia and Serbia, and typed using Promega’s PowerPlex®16 STR kit. Results There were 31 distinct off-ladder alleles were observed in 10 of the 15 STR loci amplified from the PowerPlex®16 STR kit. Of these 31 alleles, 3 have not been previously reported. Furthermore, 16 instances of triallelic patterns were observed in 9 of the 15 loci. Primer binding site mismatches that affected amplification were observed in two loci, D5S818 and D8S1179. Conclusion Instances of deviations from manufacturer’s allelic ladders should be expected and caution taken to properly designate the correct alleles in large DNA databases. Particular care should be taken in kinship matching or paternity cases as incorrect designation of any of these deviations from allelic ladders could lead to false exclusions. PMID:17696304

10 CFR Appendix N to Part 52 - Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant Designs: Combined Licenses To Construct and Operate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Licenses To Construct and Operate Nuclear Power Reactors of Identical Design at Multiple Sites N Appendix N... FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Pt. 52, App. N Appendix N to Part 52—Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant... that the applicant wishes to have the application considered under 10 CFR part 52, appendix N, and must...

42 CFR Appendix D to Part 5 - Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Vision Care Professional(s)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... of Vision Care Professional(s) D Appendix D to Part 5 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT... Pt. 5, App. D Appendix D to Part 5—Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Vision Care... of vision care professional(s) if the following three criteria are met: 1. The area is a rational...

42 CFR Appendix D to Part 5 - Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Vision Care Professional(s)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... of Vision Care Professional(s) D Appendix D to Part 5 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT... Pt. 5, App. D Appendix D to Part 5—Criteria for Designation of Areas Having Shortages of Vision Care... of vision care professional(s) if the following three criteria are met: 1. The area is a rational...

Blade System Design Study. Part II, final project report (GEC).

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Griffin, Dayton A.

2009-05-01

As part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Low Wind Speed Turbine program, Global Energy Concepts LLC (GEC)1 has studied alternative composite materials for wind turbine blades in the multi-megawatt size range. This work in one of the Blade System Design Studies (BSDS) funded through Sandia National Laboratories. The BSDS program was conducted in two phases. In the Part I BSDS, GEC assessed candidate innovations in composite materials, manufacturing processes, and structural configurations. GEC also made recommendations for testing composite coupons, details, assemblies, and blade substructures to be carried out in the Part II study (BSDS-II). The BSDS-II contract periodmore » began in May 2003, and testing was initiated in June 2004. The current report summarizes the results from the BSDS-II test program. Composite materials evaluated include carbon fiber in both pre-impregnated and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) forms. Initial thin-coupon static testing included a wide range of parameters, including variation in manufacturer, fiber tow size, fabric architecture, and resin type. A smaller set of these materials and process types was also evaluated in thin-coupon fatigue testing, and in ply-drop and ply-transition panels. The majority of materials used epoxy resin, with vinyl ester (VE) resin also used for selected cases. Late in the project, testing of unidirectional fiberglass was added to provide an updated baseline against which to evaluate the carbon material performance. Numerous unidirectional carbon fabrics were considered for evaluation with VARTM infusion. All but one fabric style considered suffered either from poor infusibility or waviness of fibers combined with poor compaction. The exception was a triaxial carbon-fiberglass fabric produced by SAERTEX. This fabric became the primary choice for infused articles throughout the test program. The generally positive results obtained in this program for the SAERTEX material have led to its

Subway Environmental Design Handbook, Volume II, Subway Environment Simulation Computer Program, Version 4, Part 1, User's Manual

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-10-01

This document forms part of the Subway Environmental Design Handbook. It contains the background information and instructions to enable an engineer to perform an analysis of a subway system by using the Subway Environment Simulation (SES) computer pr...

Innovated Conceptual Design of Loading Unloading Tool for Livestock at the Port

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mustakim, Achmad; Hadi, Firmanto

2018-03-01

The condition of loading and unloading process of livestock in a number of Indonesian ports doesn’t meet the principle of animal welfare, which makes cattle lose weight and injury when unloaded. Livestock loading and unloading is done by throwing cattle into the sea one by one, tying cattle hung with a sling strap and push the cattle to the berth directly. This process is against PP. 82 year 2000 on Article 47 and 55 about animal welfare. Innovation of loading and unloading tools design offered are loading and unloading design with garbarata. In the design of loading and unloading tools with garbarata, apply the concept of semi-horizontal hydraulic ladder that connects the ship and truck directly. This livestock unloading equipment design innovation is a combination of fire extinguisher truck design and bridge equipped with weightlifting equipment. In 10 years of planning garbarata, requires a total cost of IDR 321,142,921; gets benefits IDR 923,352,333; and BCR (Benefit-Cost Ratio) Value worth 2.88. BCR value >1 means the tool is feasible applied. The designs of this loading and unloading tools are estimated up to 1 hour faster than existing way. It can also minimize risks such as injury and also weight reduction livestock agencies significantly.

15 CFR 742.11 - Specially designed implements of torture, thumbscrews, and thumbcuffs; and parts and accessories...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Specially designed implements of torture, thumbscrews, and thumbcuffs; and parts and accessories, n.e.s. 742.11 Section 742.11 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND...

Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics for improving freeze-dryers design and process understanding. Part 1: Modelling the lyophilisation chamber.

PubMed

Barresi, Antonello A; Rasetto, Valeria; Marchisio, Daniele L

2018-05-15

This manuscript shows how computational models, mainly based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), can be used to simulate different parts of an industrial freeze-drying equipment and to properly design them; in particular, the freeze-dryer chamber and the duct connecting the chamber with the condenser, with the valves and vanes eventually present are analysed in this work. In Part 1, it will be shown how CFD can be employed to improve specific designs, to perform geometry optimization, to evaluate different design choices and how it is useful to evaluate the effect on product drying and batch variance. Such an approach allows an in-depth process understanding and assessment of the critical aspects of lyophilisation. This can be done by running either steady-state or transient simulations with imposed sublimation rates or with multi-scale approaches. This methodology will be demonstrated on freeze-drying equipment of different sizes, investigating the influence of the equipment geometry and shelf inter-distance. The effect of valve type (butterfly and mushroom) and shape on duct conductance and critical flow conditions will be instead investigated in Part 2. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Preliminary Design Phases, Part of Indoor Air Quality Design Tools for Schools

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The typical design process for schools begins with programming and selection of the architectural-engineering team. It then proceeds through schematic design, design development, contract documents, construction, commissioning and occupancy.

Teaching for Engagement: Part 3: Designing for Active Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunter, William J.

2015-01-01

In the first two parts of this series, ("Teaching for Engagement: Part 1: Constructivist Principles, Case-Based Teaching, and Active Learning") and ("Teaching for Engagement: Part 2: Technology in the Service of Active Learning"), William J. Hunter sought to outline the theoretical rationale and research basis for such active…

Thin-disk piezoceramic ultrasonic motor. Part I: design and performance evaluation.

PubMed

Wen, Fuh Liang; Yen, Chi Yung; Ouyang, Minsun

2003-08-01

The purpose of this study is to gain the knowledge and experience in the design of thin-disk piezoceramic-driving ultrasonic actuator dedicated. In this paper, the design and construction of an innovative ultrasonic actuator is developed as a stator, which is a composite structure consisting of piezoceramic (PZT) membrane bonded on a metal sheet. Such a concentric PZT structure possesses the electrical and mechanical coupling characteristics in flexural wave. The driving ability of the actuator comes from the mechanical vibration of extension and shrinkage of a metal sheet due to the converse piezoelectric effect, corresponding to the frequency of a single-phase AC power. By applying the constraints on the specific geometry positions on the metal sheet, the various behaviors of flexural waves have been at the different directions. The rotor is impelled by the actuator with rotational speeds of 600 rpm in maximum using a friction-contact mechanism. Very high actuating and braking abilities are obtained. This simple and inexpensive structure of actuator demonstrates that the mechanical design of actuator and rotor could be done separately and flexibly according to the requirements for various applications. And, its running accuracy and positioning precision are described in Part II.A closed loop servo positioning control i.e. sliding mode control (SMC) is used to compensate automatically for nonlinearly mechanical behaviors such as dry friction, ultrasonic vibrating, slip-stick phenomena. Additionally, SMC scheme has been successfully applied to position tracking to prove the excellent robust performance in noise rejection.

Magic Mirror, On the Wall-Which Is the Right Study Design of Them All?-Part II.

PubMed

Vetter, Thomas R

2017-07-01

The assessment of a new or existing treatment or other intervention typically answers 1 of 3 central research-related questions: (1) "Can it work?" (efficacy); (2) "Does it work?" (effectiveness); or (3) "Is it worth it?" (efficiency or cost-effectiveness). There are a number of study designs that, on a situational basis, are appropriate to apply in conducting research. These study designs are generally classified as experimental, quasiexperimental, or observational, with observational studies being further divided into descriptive and analytic categories. This second of a 2-part statistical tutorial reviews these 3 salient research questions and describes a subset of the most common types of observational study designs. Attention is focused on the strengths and weaknesses of each study design to assist in choosing which is appropriate for a given study objective and hypothesis as well as the particular study setting and available resources and data. Specific studies and papers are highlighted as examples of a well-chosen, clearly stated, and properly executed study design type.

Magic Mirror, on the Wall-Which Is the Right Study Design of Them All?-Part I.

PubMed

Vetter, Thomas R

2017-06-01

The assessment of a new or existing treatment or intervention typically answers 1 of 3 research-related questions: (1) "Can it work?" (efficacy); (2) "Does it work?" (effectiveness); and (3) "Is it worth it?" (efficiency or cost-effectiveness). There are a number of study designs that on a situational basis are appropriate to apply in conducting research. These study designs are classified as experimental, quasi-experimental, or observational, with observational studies being further divided into descriptive and analytic categories. This first of a 2-part statistical tutorial reviews these 3 salient research questions and describes a subset of the most common types of experimental and quasi-experimental study design. Attention is focused on the strengths and weaknesses of each study design to assist in choosing which is appropriate for a given study objective and hypothesis as well as the particular study setting and available resources and data. Specific studies and papers are highlighted as examples of a well-chosen, clearly stated, and properly executed study design type.

10 CFR Appendix N to Part 52 - Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant Designs: Combined Licenses To Construct and Operate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant Designs: Combined Licenses To Construct and Operate Nuclear Power Reactors of Identical Design at Multiple Sites N Appendix N to Part 52 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) LICENSES, CERTIFICATIONS, AND APPROVALS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Pt. 52, App. N...

10 CFR Appendix N to Part 52 - Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant Designs: Combined Licenses To Construct and Operate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant Designs: Combined Licenses To Construct and Operate Nuclear Power Reactors of Identical Design at Multiple Sites N Appendix N to Part 52 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION (CONTINUED) LICENSES, CERTIFICATIONS, AND APPROVALS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Pt. 52, App. N...

Use of Computer Simulation in Designing and Evaluating a Proposed Rough Mill for Furniture Interior Parts

Treesearch

Philip A. Araman

1977-01-01

The design of a rough mill for the production of interior furniture parts is used to illustrate a simulation technique for analyzing and evaluating established and proposed sequential production systems. Distributions representing the real-world random characteristics of lumber, equipment feed speeds and delay times are programmed into the simulation. An example is...

Effect of ladder diagrams on optical absorption spectra in a quasiparticle self-consistent GW framework

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cunningham, Brian; Grüning, Myrta; Azarhoosh, Pooya; Pashov, Dimitar; van Schilfgaarde, Mark

2018-03-01

We present an approach to calculate the optical absorption spectra that combines the quasiparticle self-consistent GW method [Phys. Rev. B 76, 165106 (2007), 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.165106] for the electronic structure with the solution of the ladder approximation to the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the macroscopic dielectric function. The solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation has been implemented within an all-electron framework, using a linear muffin-tin orbital basis set, with the contribution from the nonlocal self-energy to the transition dipole moments (in the optical limit) evaluated explicitly. This approach addresses those systems whose electronic structure is poorly described within the standard perturbative GW approaches with density-functional theory calculations as a starting point. The merits of this approach have been exemplified by calculating optical absorption spectra of a strongly correlated transition metal oxide, NiO, and a narrow gap semiconductor, Ge. In both cases, the calculated spectrum is in good agreement with the experiment. It is also shown that for systems whose electronic structure is well-described within the standard perturbative GW , such as Si, LiF, and h -BN , the performance of the present approach is in general comparable to the standard GW plus Bethe-Salpeter equation. It is argued that both vertex corrections to the electronic screening and the electron-phonon interaction are responsible for the observed systematic overestimation of the fundamental band gap and spectrum onset.

Integrating O/S models during conceptual design, part 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ebeling, Charles E.

1994-01-01

This report documents the procedures for utilizing and maintaining the Reliability & Maintainability Model (RAM) developed by the University of Dayton for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center (LaRC) under NASA research grant NAG-1-1327. The purpose of the grant is to provide support to NASA in establishing operational and support parameters and costs of proposed space systems. As part of this research objective, the model described here was developed. Additional documentation concerning the development of this model may be found in Part 1 of this report. This is the 2nd part of a 3 part technical report.

Ultrafast, efficient separations of large-sized dsDNA in a blended polymer matrix by microfluidic chip electrophoresis: A Design of Experiments approach

PubMed Central

Sun, Mingyun; Lin, Jennifer S.

2012-01-01

Double-stranded (ds) DNA fragments over a wide size range were successfully separated in blended polymer matrices by microfluidic chip electrophoresis. Novel blended polymer matrices composed of two types of polymers with three different molar masses were developed to provide improved separations of large dsDNA without negatively impacting the separation of small dsDNA. Hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) with average molar masses of ~27 kDa and ~1 MDa were blended with a second class of polymer, high-molar mass (~7 MDa) linear polyacrylamide (LPA). Fast and highly efficient separations of commercially available DNA ladders were achieved on a borosilicate glass microchip. A distinct separation of a 1 Kb DNA extension ladder (200 bp to 40,000 bp) was completed in 2 minutes. An orthogonal Design of Experiments (DOE) was used to optimize experimental parameters for DNA separations over a wide size range. We find that the two dominant factors are the applied electric field strength and the inclusion of a high concentration of low-molar mass polymer in the matrix solution. These two factors exerted different effects on the separations of small dsDNA fragments below 1 kbp, medium dsDNA fragments between 1 kbp and 10 kbp, and large dsDNA fragments above 10 kbp. PMID:22009451

Guide for Operational Configuration Management Program including the adjunct programs of design reconstitution and material condition and aging management. Part 2

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

This standard presents program criteria and implementation guidance for an operational configuration management program for DOE nuclear and non-nuclear facilities. This Part 2 includes chapters on implementation guidance for operational configuration management, implementation guidance for design reconstitution, and implementation guidance for material condition and aging management. Appendices are included on design control, examples of design information, conduct of walkdowns, and content of design information summaries.

A Design that Inspires All. Education by Design: Part III

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Theimer, James E.

2009-01-01

Too many schools are still being built today as warehouses with windows; they get the job done on some minimal level, but beyond that, they simply do not excite the children who spend a great deal of their lives within their walls. Creating an environmentally friendly building is important, but that's only part of the equation. The author and his…

Aerodynamic design and analysis system for supersonic aircraft. Part 1: General description and theoretical development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Middleton, W. D.; Lundry, J. L.

1975-01-01

An integrated system of computer programs has been developed for the design and analysis of supersonic configurations. The system uses linearized theory methods for the calculation of surface pressures and supersonic area rule concepts in combination with linearized theory for calculation of aerodynamic force coefficients. Interactive graphics are optional at the user's request. This part presents a general description of the system and describes the theoretical methods used.

Moving up the ladder or stuck on the bottom rung? Homeownership as a solution to poverty in urban South Africa.

PubMed

Lemanski, Charlotte

2011-01-01

In the global South, policies providing property titles to low-income households are increasingly implemented as a solution to poverty. Integrating poor households into the capitalist economy using state-subsidized homeownership is intended to provide poor people with an asset that can be used in a productive manner. In this article the South African "housing subsidy system" is assessed using quantitative and qualitative data from in-depth research in a state-subsidized housing settlement in the city of Cape Town. The findings show that while state-subsidized property ownership provides long-term shelter and tenure security to low-income households, houses have mixed value as a financial asset. Although state-subsidized houses in South Africa are a financially tradable asset, transaction values are too low for low-income vendors to reach the next rung on the housing ladder, the township market. Furthermore, low-income homeowners are reticent to use their (typically primary) asset as collateral security for credit, and thus property ownership is not providing the financial returns that titling theories assume.

10 CFR Appendix N to Part 50 - Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant Designs: Permits To Construct and Licenses To Operate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Construct and Licenses To Operate Nuclear Power Reactors of Identical Design at Multiple Sites N Appendix N... FACILITIES Pt. 50, App.N Appendix N to Part 50—Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant Designs: Permits To..., apply to construction permits and operating licenses subject to this appendix N. 2. Applications for...

Enhancing healthcare process design with human factors engineering and reliability science, part 2: applying the knowledge to clinical documentation systems.

PubMed

Boston-Fleischhauer, Carol

2008-02-01

The demand to redesign healthcare processes that achieve efficient, effective, and safe results is never-ending. Part 1 of this 2-part series introduced human factors engineering and reliability science as important knowledge to enhance existing operational and clinical process design methods in healthcare organizations. In part 2, the author applies this knowledge to one of the most common operational processes in healthcare: clinical documentation. Specific implementation strategies and anticipated results are discussed, along with organizational challenges and recommended executive responses.

Parts Specialist.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fuqua, Lou; Fuqua, Debbie

Designed to address the skills that an auto parts specialist must master in order to be effective in the market place, this manual consists of 13 units of instruction. Covered in the units are orientation; human relations; communications; safety; parts and systems identification; stocking, shipping, and receiving; inventory control; cataloging and…

On the use of a risk ladder: Linking public perception of risks associated with indoor air with cognitive elements and attitudes toward risk reduction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moschandreas, D. J.; Chang, P. E.

In recent years a number of building managers have invested small amounts of money to measure indoor air quality in offices and other non-industrial buildings. Their objective is to reduce the number of occupant complaints, and not necessarily to reduce the risk associated with such complaints. Clearly, reduction of the risk would require greater investment of funds and effort. This paper focuses on individuals and the amount of money they are willing to invest in order to reduce risks associated with indoor air pollution in their home. Psychologists assert that lay judgement of risks are influenced by cognitive biases and attitudes. This study investigates the possibility that cognitive elements and general attitudes influence not only the perceived risk associated with exposures to indoor air pollutants, but also the willingness of individuals to invest in order to reduce the risk. A three-stage study was performed to determine some of the factors that influence public decisions to control the quality of the air inside their home. The study is focused on the design of a risk ladder, and the survey of 400 randomly selected individuals in the Chicago metropolitan area. The survey was designed to determine if demographics, smoking, education, or income influence the desire of individuals to invest in order to reduce indoor air pollution. The following conclusions were reached: (i) public awareness of indoor air pollution is high; (ii) media campaigns on indoor air pollution affect the determination of the specific pollutant the public perceives as important, but do not influence the public's desire to invest larger amounts of money to reduce risks from exposures to air pollutants in the residential environment; (iii) the public is not willing to spend large amounts of money to reduce indoor residential air pollution; (iv) education does not affect the level of awareness regarding indoor air pollution, but it increases the willingness to invest in an effort to reduce

Multisource inverse-geometry CT. Part II. X-ray source design and prototype

PubMed Central

Neculaes, V. Bogdan; Caiafa, Antonio; Cao, Yang; De Man, Bruno; Edic, Peter M.; Frutschy, Kristopher; Gunturi, Satish; Inzinna, Lou; Reynolds, Joseph; Vermilyea, Mark; Wagner, David; Zhang, Xi; Zou, Yun; Pelc, Norbert J.; Lounsberry, Brian

2016-01-01

Purpose: This paper summarizes the development of a high-power distributed x-ray source, or “multisource,” designed for inverse-geometry computed tomography (CT) applications [see B. De Man et al., “Multisource inverse-geometry CT. Part I. System concept and development,” Med. Phys. 43, 4607–4616 (2016)]. The paper presents the evolution of the source architecture, component design (anode, emitter, beam optics, control electronics, high voltage insulator), and experimental validation. Methods: Dispenser cathode emitters were chosen as electron sources. A modular design was adopted, with eight electron emitters (two rows of four emitters) per module, wherein tungsten targets were brazed onto copper anode blocks—one anode block per module. A specialized ceramic connector provided high voltage standoff capability and cooling oil flow to the anode. A matrix topology and low-noise electronic controls provided switching of the emitters. Results: Four modules (32 x-ray sources in two rows of 16) have been successfully integrated into a single vacuum vessel and operated on an inverse-geometry computed tomography system. Dispenser cathodes provided high beam current (>1000 mA) in pulse mode, and the electrostatic lenses focused the current beam to a small optical focal spot size (0.5 × 1.4 mm). Controlled emitter grid voltage allowed the beam current to be varied for each source, providing the ability to modulate beam current across the fan of the x-ray beam, denoted as a virtual bowtie filter. The custom designed controls achieved x-ray source switching in <1 μs. The cathode-grounded source was operated successfully up to 120 kV. Conclusions: A high-power, distributed x-ray source for inverse-geometry CT applications was successfully designed, fabricated, and operated. Future embodiments may increase the number of spots and utilize fast read out detectors to increase the x-ray flux magnitude further, while still staying within the stationary target inherent

Multisource inverse-geometry CT. Part II. X-ray source design and prototype

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Neculaes, V. Bogdan, E-mail: neculaes@ge.com; Caia

2016-08-15

Purpose: This paper summarizes the development of a high-power distributed x-ray source, or “multisource,” designed for inverse-geometry computed tomography (CT) applications [see B. De Man et al., “Multisource inverse-geometry CT. Part I. System concept and development,” Med. Phys. 43, 4607–4616 (2016)]. The paper presents the evolution of the source architecture, component design (anode, emitter, beam optics, control electronics, high voltage insulator), and experimental validation. Methods: Dispenser cathode emitters were chosen as electron sources. A modular design was adopted, with eight electron emitters (two rows of four emitters) per module, wherein tungsten targets were brazed onto copper anode blocks—one anode blockmore » per module. A specialized ceramic connector provided high voltage standoff capability and cooling oil flow to the anode. A matrix topology and low-noise electronic controls provided switching of the emitters. Results: Four modules (32 x-ray sources in two rows of 16) have been successfully integrated into a single vacuum vessel and operated on an inverse-geometry computed tomography system. Dispenser cathodes provided high beam current (>1000 mA) in pulse mode, and the electrostatic lenses focused the current beam to a small optical focal spot size (0.5 × 1.4 mm). Controlled emitter grid voltage allowed the beam current to be varied for each source, providing the ability to modulate beam current across the fan of the x-ray beam, denoted as a virtual bowtie filter. The custom designed controls achieved x-ray source switching in <1 μs. The cathode-grounded source was operated successfully up to 120 kV. Conclusions: A high-power, distributed x-ray source for inverse-geometry CT applications was successfully designed, fabricated, and operated. Future embodiments may increase the number of spots and utilize fast read out detectors to increase the x-ray flux magnitude further, while still staying within the stationary target

Ladder beam and camera video recording system for evaluating forelimb and hindlimb deficits after sensorimotor cortex injury in rats.

PubMed

Soblosky, J S; Colgin, L L; Chorney-Lane, D; Davidson, J F; Carey, M E

1997-12-30

Hindlimb and forelimb deficits in rats caused by sensorimotor cortex lesions are frequently tested by using the narrow flat beam (hindlimb), the narrow pegged beam (hindlimb and forelimb) or the grid-walking (forelimb) tests. Although these are excellent tests, the narrow flat beam generates non-parametric data so that using more powerful parametric statistical analyses are prohibited. All these tests can be difficult to score if the rat is moving rapidly. Foot misplacements, especially on the grid-walking test, are indicative of an ongoing deficit, but have not been reliably and accurately described and quantified previously. In this paper we present an easy to construct and use horizontal ladder-beam with a camera system on rails which can be used to evaluate both hindlimb and forelimb deficits in a single test. By slow motion videotape playback we were able to quantify and demonstrate foot misplacements which go beyond the recovery period usually seen using more conventional measures (i.e. footslips and footfaults). This convenient system provides a rapid and reliable method for recording and evaluating rat performance on any type of beam and may be useful for measuring sensorimotor recovery following brain injury.

Parts application handbook study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

The requirements for a NASA application handbook for standard electronic parts are determined and defined. This study concentrated on identifying in detail the type of information that designers and parts engineers need and expect in a parts application handbook for the effective application of standard parts on NASA projects.

Engineering Design Handbook. Helicopter Engineering. Part One. Preliminary Design

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-08-30

1.3 ENGINE REPLACEMENT .............. ......................... 8-1 8-1.4 ENGINE AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM .............................. 8-2 8-1.5 ENGINE ...8-5 8-2.2 ENGINE AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM .............................. 8-5 8-2.2.1 G eneral Design...8-5 8-2.2.2 Air Induction System Inlet Location ............................... 8-6 8-2.2.3 Engine Air Induction System Pressure Losses

Calculating three loop ladder and V-topologies for massive operator matrix elements by computer algebra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ablinger, J.; Behring, A.; Blümlein, J.; De Freitas, A.; von Manteuffel, A.; Schneider, C.

2016-05-01

Three loop ladder and V-topology diagrams contributing to the massive operator matrix element AQg are calculated. The corresponding objects can all be expressed in terms of nested sums and recurrences depending on the Mellin variable N and the dimensional parameter ε. Given these representations, the desired Laurent series expansions in ε can be obtained with the help of our computer algebra toolbox. Here we rely on generalized hypergeometric functions and Mellin-Barnes representations, on difference ring algorithms for symbolic summation, on an optimized version of the multivariate Almkvist-Zeilberger algorithm for symbolic integration, and on new methods to calculate Laurent series solutions of coupled systems of differential equations. The solutions can be computed for general coefficient matrices directly for any basis also performing the expansion in the dimensional parameter in case it is expressible in terms of indefinite nested product-sum expressions. This structural result is based on new results of our difference ring theory. In the cases discussed we deal with iterative sum- and integral-solutions over general alphabets. The final results are expressed in terms of special sums, forming quasi-shuffle algebras, such as nested harmonic sums, generalized harmonic sums, and nested binomially weighted (cyclotomic) sums. Analytic continuations to complex values of N are possible through the recursion relations obeyed by these quantities and their analytic asymptotic expansions. The latter lead to a host of new constants beyond the multiple zeta values, the infinite generalized harmonic and cyclotomic sums in the case of V-topologies.

23 CFR Appendix B to Subpart A of... - Designation of Segments of Section 332(a)(2) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Designation of Segments of Section 332(a)(2) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System B Appendix B to Subpart A of Part 470 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY...) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System The following guidance is comparable to current procedures for...

23 CFR Appendix B to Subpart A of... - Designation of Segments of Section 332(a)(2) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Designation of Segments of Section 332(a)(2) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System B Appendix B to Subpart A of Part 470 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY...) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System The following guidance is comparable to current procedures for...

23 CFR Appendix B to Subpart A of... - Designation of Segments of Section 332(a)(2) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Designation of Segments of Section 332(a)(2) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System B Appendix B to Subpart A of Part 470 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY...) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System The following guidance is comparable to current procedures for...

23 CFR Appendix B to Subpart A of... - Designation of Segments of Section 332(a)(2) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Designation of Segments of Section 332(a)(2) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System B Appendix B to Subpart A of Part 470 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY...) Corridors as Parts of the Interstate System The following guidance is comparable to current procedures for...

10 CFR Appendix N to Part 50 - Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant Designs: Permits To Construct and Licenses To Operate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Standardization of Nuclear Power Plant Designs: Permits To Construct and Licenses To Operate Nuclear Power Reactors of Identical Design at Multiple Sites N Appendix N to Part 50 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION DOMESTIC LICENSING OF PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION FACILITIES Pt. 50, App. N Appendix N to Par...

General view of the middeck looking aft and port. In ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

General view of the mid-deck looking aft and port. In this view you can clearly see the crew access hatch and the airlock hatch. The hose and ladder in the image are pieces of ground support equipment. The hose is part of the climate control apparatus used while orbiters are being processed. The ladder is used to access the inter-deck passage, leading to the flight deck, while the orbiter is in 1g (earth's gravity). A careful observer will notice a void in the wall near the base of the access ladder, this is the Waste Management Compartment with the Waste Management System, i.e. Space Potty, removed. This view was taken in the Orbiter Processing Facility at the Kennedy Space Center. - Space Transportation System, Orbiter Discovery (OV-103), Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Harris County, TX

The Elimination of Transfer Distances Is an Important Part of Hospital Design.

PubMed

Karvonen, Sauli; Nordback, Isto; Elo, Jussi; Havulinna, Jouni; Laine, Heikki-Jussi

2017-04-01

The objective of the present study was to describe how a specific patient flow analysis with from-to charts can be used in hospital design and layout planning. As part of a large renewal project at a university hospital, a detailed patient flow analysis was applied to planning the musculoskeletal surgery unit (orthopedics and traumatology, hand surgery, and plastic surgery). First, the main activities of the unit were determined. Next, the routes of all patients treated over the course of 1 year were studied, and their physical movements in the current hospital were calculated. An ideal layout of the new hospital was then generated to minimize transfer distances by placing the main activities with close to each other, according to the patient flow analysis. The actual architectural design was based on the ideal layout plan. Finally, we compared the current transfer distances to the distances patients will move in the new hospital. The methods enabled us to estimate an approximate 50% reduction in transfer distances for inpatients (from 3,100 km/year to 1,600 km/year) and 30% reduction for outpatients (from 2,100 km/year to 1,400 km/year). Patient transfers are nonvalue-added activities. This study demonstrates that a detailed patient flow analysis with from-to charts can substantially shorten transfer distances, thereby minimizing extraneous patient and personnel movements. This reduction supports productivity improvement, cross-professional teamwork, and patient safety by placing all patient flow activities close to each other. Thus, this method is a valuable additional tool in hospital design.

29 CFR Appendix A to Part 4050 - Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing Participants Under § 4050.5 in Plans...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing... PLAN TERMINATIONS MISSING PARTICIPANTS Pt. 4050, App. A Appendix A to Part 4050—Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing Participants Under § 4050.5 in Plans With Deemed Distribution Dates on...

29 CFR Appendix A to Part 4050 - Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing Participants Under § 4050.5 in Plans...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing... PLAN TERMINATIONS MISSING PARTICIPANTS Pt. 4050, App. A Appendix A to Part 4050—Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing Participants Under § 4050.5 in Plans With Deemed Distribution Dates on...

29 CFR Appendix A to Part 4050 - Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing Participants Under § 4050.5 in Plans...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing... PLAN TERMINATIONS MISSING PARTICIPANTS Pt. 4050, App. A Appendix A to Part 4050—Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing Participants Under § 4050.5 in Plans With Deemed Distribution Dates on...

29 CFR Appendix A to Part 4050 - Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing Participants Under § 4050.5 in Plans...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing... PLAN TERMINATIONS MISSING PARTICIPANTS Pt. 4050, App. A Appendix A to Part 4050—Examples of Designated Benefit Determinations for Missing Participants Under § 4050.5 in Plans With Deemed Distribution Dates on...

Intensification of the Students' Self-Development Process When Performing Design and Settlement Works on the "Machine Parts" Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Timerbaev, Rais Mingalievich; Muhutdinov, Rafis Habreevich; Danilov, Valeriy Fedorovich

2015-01-01

The article addresses issues related to the methodology of intensifying self-development process when performing design and settlement works on the "Machine Parts" course for the students studying in such areas of training as "Technology" and "Vocational Education" with the use of computer technologies. At the same…

Twisting phonons in complex crystals with quasi-one-dimensional substructures [Twisting Phonons in Higher Manganese Silicides with a Complex Nowotny Chimney Ladder Structure

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abernathy, Douglas L.; Ma, Jie; Yan, Jiaqiang

A variety of crystals contain quasi-one-dimensional substructures, which yield distinctive electronic, spintronic, optical and thermoelectric properties. There is a lack of understanding of the lattice dynamics that influences the properties of such complex crystals. Here we employ inelastic neutron scatting measurements and density functional theory calculations to show that numerous low-energy optical vibrational modes exist in higher manganese silicides, an example of such crystals. These optical modes, including unusually low-frequency twisting motions of the Si ladders inside the Mn chimneys, provide a large phase space for scattering acoustic phonons. A hybrid phonon and diffuson model is proposed to explain themore » low and anisotropic thermal conductivity of higher manganese silicides and to evaluate nanostructuring as an approach to further suppress the thermal conductivity and enhance the thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency. This discovery offers new insights into the structure-property relationships of a broad class of materials with quasi-one-dimensional substructures for various applications.« less

Twisting phonons in complex crystals with quasi-one-dimensional substructures [Twisting Phonons in Higher Manganese Silicides with a Complex Nowotny Chimney Ladder Structure

DOE PAGES

Abernathy, Douglas L.; Ma, Jie; Yan, Jiaqiang; ...

2015-04-15

A variety of crystals contain quasi-one-dimensional substructures, which yield distinctive electronic, spintronic, optical and thermoelectric properties. There is a lack of understanding of the lattice dynamics that influences the properties of such complex crystals. Here we employ inelastic neutron scatting measurements and density functional theory calculations to show that numerous low-energy optical vibrational modes exist in higher manganese silicides, an example of such crystals. These optical modes, including unusually low-frequency twisting motions of the Si ladders inside the Mn chimneys, provide a large phase space for scattering acoustic phonons. A hybrid phonon and diffuson model is proposed to explain themore » low and anisotropic thermal conductivity of higher manganese silicides and to evaluate nanostructuring as an approach to further suppress the thermal conductivity and enhance the thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency. This discovery offers new insights into the structure-property relationships of a broad class of materials with quasi-one-dimensional substructures for various applications.« less

Microbiological Tests Performed During the Design of the International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support Systems. Part 1, Bulk Phase. Part 1; Bulk Phase

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roman, Monsi C.; Mittelman, Marc W.

2010-01-01

The design and manufacturing of the main Environmental Control and Life Support Systems (ECLSS) for the United States segments of the International Space Station (ISS) was an involved process that started in the mid 1980s, with the assessment and testing of competing technologies that could be used to clean the air and recycle water. It culminated in 2009 with the delivery and successful activation of the Water Recovery System (WRS) water processor (WP). The ECLSS required the work of a team of engineers and scientist working together to develop systems that could clean and/or recycle human metabolic loads to maintain a clean atmosphere and provide the crew clean water. One of the main goals of the ECLSS is to minimize the time spent by the crew worrying about vital resources not available in the vacuum of space, which allows them to spend most of their time learning to live in a microgravity environment many miles from the comforts of Earth and working on science experiments. Microorganisms are a significant part of the human body as well as part of the environment that we live in. Therefore, the ISS ECLSS design had to take into account the effect microorganisms have on the quality of stored water and wastewater, as well as that of the air systems. Hardware performance issues impacted by the accumulation of biofilm and/or microbiologically influenced corrosion were also studied during the ECLSS development stages. Many of the tests that were performed had to take into account the unique aspects of a microgravity environment as well as the challenge of understanding how to design systems that could not be sterilized or maintained in a sterile state. This paper will summarize the work of several studies that were performed to assess the impacts and/or to minimize the effects of microorganisms in open, semi-closed and closed loop life support system. The biofilm and biodeterioration studies that were performed during the design and test periods will be presented in

Basic Principles of Lyophilization, Part 1.

PubMed

Akers, Michael J

2015-01-01

The achievement of a high-quality lyophilized (freeze-dried) dosage form involves the combination of optimal formulation design and optimal freeze-dry cycle design. This 2-part article describes how this can be done. Part 1 discusses the basic principles and procedures of lyophilization up to a discussion on the different stages of lyophilization. The stages of lyophilization are discussed in part 2.