Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Launching a Large-Scale Research Study in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeLoach, Kendra P.; Dvorsky, Melissa; George, Mellissa R. W.; Miller, Elaine; Weist, Mark D.; Kern, Lee

2012-01-01

Interdisciplinary collaboration (IC) is a critically important theme generally, and of particular significance in school mental health (SMH), given the range of people from different disciplines who work in schools and the various systems in place. Reflecting the move to a true shared school-family-community system agenda, the collaborative…

Energy Advantages for Green Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griffin, J. Tim

2012-01-01

Because of many advantages associated with central utility systems, school campuses, from large universities to elementary schools, have used district energy for decades. District energy facilities enable thermal and electric utilities to be generated with greater efficiency and higher system reliability, while requiring fewer maintenance and…

Teachers' Work and Innovation in Alternative Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bascia, Nina; Maton, Rhiannon

2016-01-01

Toronto boasts a large and diverse system of public alternative schools: schools where democratic practices, student access and a commitment to public education are fundamental. There are academic schools; schools with thematically focused curricula; schools driven by social movement principles such as antiracism and global education; schools for…

First Year Site Visits to Milwaukee Urban Systemic Initiative Schools. A Report on the Milwaukee Public Schools Milwaukee Urban Systemic Initiative.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huinker, DeAnn; Pearson, Gretchen; Posnanski, Tracy; Coan, Cheryl; Porter, Corrie

The Urban Systemic Initiatives (USI) program is an effort sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) that targets large urban school systems with the goal of sustainable implementation of high-quality, standards-based teaching for the purpose of attaining system-wide increases in students' learning of challenging mathematics and science.…

Survey Results for First Wave Schools of the Milwaukee Urban Systemic Initiative. Report on Milwaukee Public Schools Milwaukee Urban Systemic Initiative.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huinker, DeAnn; Coan, Cheryl; Mueller, Leah

The Urban Systemic Initiatives (USI) program is an effort sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) that targets large urban school systems with the goal of sustainable implementation of high-quality, standards-based teaching for the purpose of attaining system-wide increases in students' learning of challenging mathematics and science.…

The Challenge of Large-Scale Literacy Improvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levin, Ben

2010-01-01

This paper discusses the challenge of making large-scale improvements in literacy in schools across an entire education system. Despite growing interest and rhetoric, there are very few examples of sustained, large-scale change efforts around school-age literacy. The paper reviews 2 instances of such efforts, in England and Ontario. After…

The Life and Death of Desegregation Policy in Wake County Public School System and Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Sheneka M.; Houck, Eric A.

2013-01-01

The state of North Carolina is one of few states in the South in which two large districts committed to desegregating schools in the early 1970s. However, the state's two largest districts, Charlotte-Mecklenberg Schools (CMS) and Wake County Public School System (WCPSS) have experienced ups and downs in their policy commitment to desegregated…

The Nexus of Knowledge and Behavior for School-Aged Children: Implementation of Health Education Programs and a Nutritional Symbol System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Judith; Graham, Lorraine; Pennington, Jim

2013-01-01

Health-related knowledge has been assumed to inform lifestyle choices for school-aged students. A "health-promoting school" provides the conceptual framework for this intervention. A large boarding school developed, implemented and refined a Nutritional Symbol System for their dining hall. The effectiveness of this social marketing…

Understanding and Managing Staff Development in an Urban School System. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schlechty, Phillip; And Others

A study is reported that examined the way staff development functions in schools, the effects of staff development, and the interaction between staff development and other activities and conditions in school systems. The study took place in a large urban school district (in the Southeast) that is heavily committed to and involved in staff…

Funding California Schools: The Revenue Limit System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weston, Margaret

2010-01-01

Tax revenue flows to California's nearly 1,000 school districts through many different channels. According to the Governor's Committee on Education Excellence (2007), this system is so complex that the state cannot determine how revenues are distributed among school districts, and after reviewing a large number of academic studies in the Getting…

Working towards Excellence: Results from Schools Implementing New American Schools Designs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New American Schools Development Corp.

This report presents eight different approaches adapted by schools to dramatically raise student achievement. The schools combine comprehensive, whole-school change with systems-level restructuring to help a large proportion of schools around the country achieve excellence. The eight programs include (1) ATLAS (Authentic Teaching, Learning, and…

Methods of Conserving Heating Energy Utilized in Thirty-One Public School Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Kathy Eggers

The Memphis City School System was notified by Memphis Light, Gas, and Water that it was necessary to reduce its consumption of natural gas during the winter of 1975-76. A survey was developed and sent to 44 large public school systems to determine which methods of heating energy conservation were used most frequently and which methods were most…

Perceptions of University Assessment and Feedback among Post-16 School Pupils

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Harriet; Yeoman, Kay; Gaskell, Emma; Prendergast, John

2017-01-01

The transition between school and university can be problematic for students. Understanding students' expectations about the system they are entering is crucial in effecting a smooth transition. The school system involves small classes, often with teachers who know their students well. In contrast, university involves large class sizes and a…

School Health Profiles 2014: West Virginia Rankings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

West Virginia Department of Education Office of Research, Accountability, and Data Governance, 2015

2015-01-01

The School Health Profiles (Profiles) is a system of surveys assessing school health policies and practices in states, large urban school districts, and territories. Profiles surveys are conducted biennially by education and health agencies among middle and high school principals and lead health education teachers. Profiles monitors the current…

Chronic Disease Medication Administration Rates in a Public School System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weller, Lawrence; Fredrickson, Doren D.; Burbach, Cindy; Molgaard, Craig A.; Ngong, Lolem

2004-01-01

Anecdotal reports suggest school nurses and staff treat increasing numbers of public school students with chronic diseases. However, professionals know little about actual disease burden in schools. This study measured prevalence of chronic disease medication administration rates in a large, urban midwestern school district. Data from daily…

Restructuring the Guidance Delivery System: Implications for High School Counselors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greer, Richard M.; Richardson, Michael D.

1992-01-01

Notes that large portion of high school counselor's clientele, working parents, are not available during regular school hours. Suggests model program using flexible scheduling for high school counselors designed to address the issues of a changing clientele, a changing society, and changing expectation of counselors and schools. (NB)

An Extreme Degree of Difficulty: The Educational Demographics of Urban Neighborhood High Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neild, Ruth Curran; Balfanz, Robert

2006-01-01

Despite the growth of a variety of alternatives to the neighborhood high school, most students in big-city school systems still attend large comprehensive high schools that serve a particular residential area. The authors contend that the extreme concentration of educational need at these schools is often overlooked by policymakers, school reform…

Neoliberalism and the (Internal) Marketisation of Primary School Assessment in England

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pratt, Nick

2016-01-01

This paper considers the effect of recent education policy on assessment practices in English primary schools and how these affect relationships between teachers and pupils in an increasingly market-driven school system. Previous research has focused largely on the effect of markets at a systemic level, but less attention has been paid to how…

The Atlanta Project: How One Large School System Responded to Performance Information.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Bayla F.; And Others

This report presents the results of a field test, the purpose of which was to determine the effects on school system management, decisions, and operations of the introduction of specially prepared information on the relative achievement levels of schools and grades serving students of similar economic levels. A relatively simple and economical…

Contrasts in Openness toward Mobile Learning in the Classroom: A Study of Elementary, Middle and High School Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christensen, Rhonda; Knezek, Gerald

2017-01-01

In a study involving 1414 elementary, middle school, and high school teachers from a large school district in the southwestern USA, the authors examine the similarities and differences among teachers at the three levels of K-12 education common in US school systems: elementary, middle school and high school. Major findings are that elementary…

Do Charter Schools Ruin Local Public Schools in Poor Neighborhoods? Evidence from New York City. Working Paper #02-14

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cordes, Sarah

2014-01-01

Charter schools and school choice are popular reforms believed to improve student performance largely through market competition, increased innovation, or some combination of the two mechanisms. Opponents of school choice argue that such reforms sap needed funds and resources from the traditional public school system. Despite this claim, there has…

The Impact of Block Scheduling on Various Indicators of School Success.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nichols, Joe D.

This project focused on the collection and analysis of longitudinal student data generated by six high schools from a large urban school system in the Midwest. Two of the schools recently converted to a 4 X 4 scheduling structure, while 3 additional schools have used a block-8 scheduling structure for a number of years. One school maintains a…

THE MEMPHIS STORY-MOBILIZING A LARGE SCHOOL SYSTEM AND A COMMUNITY FOR THE SUPERIOR AND TALENTED STUDENT PROJECT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

COUNCE, D. SHELBY

THE STORY OF THE SUPERIOR AND TALENTED STUDENT PROJECT AS IT WAS UTILIZED IN THE MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE, SCHOOL SYSTEM IS RELATED. THE STS PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO ASSIST SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IDENTIFYING SUPERIOR AND TALENTED STUDENTS, IN PROVIDING GUIDANCE SERVICES FOR THEM, IN ENCOURAGING THEM TO MAKE APPROPRIATE EDUCATIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL CHOICES,…

The Full Purpose Partnership Model for Promoting Academic and Socio-Emotional Success in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Jeffrey A.; Houser, John H. W.; Howland, Allison

2010-01-01

In 2003, a partnership between a local system of care and a large urban school district led to the creation of a schoolwide educational model called the Full Purpose Partnership (FPP). This model was implemented in several elementary schools in Indianapolis, Indiana to integrate the principles of systems of care and wraparound with the techniques…

Linking Assessment and School Success.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raham, Helen

1999-01-01

School systems have recently experienced a dramatic shift toward the use of large-scale assessment to improve school performance. Discusses the ways in which external assessment may benefit education, the need for multiple measures of various dimensions of school success, and guidelines for using assessment to create a dynamic cycle of continuous…

Radon Reduction Techniques in Schools: Interim Technical Guidance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.

This technical document is intended to assist school facilities maintenance personnel in the selection, design, and operation of radon reduction systems in schools. The guidance contained in this document is based largely on research conducted in 1987 and 1988 in schools located in Maryland and Virginia. Researchers from the United States…

Evaluation of Public Fundamental Schools in Hampton, Virginia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weber, Larry J.; McBee, Janice K.

Findings are presented which provide information about the extent to which fundamental schools (learning in a highly structured setting with instructional emphasis placed on "basic" subjects) at the elementary and junior high school levels in a large school system in Virginia have achieved their objectives. In this report, four schools…

Strategic School Funding for Improved Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chambers, Jay G.; Brown, James R.; Levin, Jesse; Jubb, Steve; Harper, Dorothy; Tolleson, Ray; Manship, Karen

2010-01-01

This article features Strategic School Funding for Results (SSFR) project, a new joint initiative of the American Institutes for Research (AIR) and Pivot Learning Partners (PLP) aimed at improving school finance, human resources, and management systems in large urban school districts. The goal of the project is to develop and implement more…

Old Wine, New Bottles.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cibulka, James G.

2001-01-01

Discusses school governance systems and describes governance overhauls in two large urban school districts, Washington, D.C., and Baltimore, focusing on role of mayor in improving troubled public education systems. Identifies benefits and shortcomings of approach, concluding mayoral control can make a difference but right combination of…

Daily Life in Japanese High Schools. ERIC Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Marcia L.; Johnson, Jeffrey R.

This ERIC Digest asserts that the Japanese education system is one of the most influential agents molding Japanese youth. This influence is especially great due to the large amount of time students spend in schools. Six topics examine aspects of daily high school life: (1) Getting to School; (2) At School; (3) Extracurricular Activities; (4)…

Funding Education Equitably: The "Comparability Provision" and the Move to Fair and Transparent School Budgeting Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bireda, Saba

2011-01-01

Data on intradistrict funding inequities in many large school districts confirm what most would guess--high-poverty schools actually receive less money per pupil than more affluent schools. These funding inequities have real repercussions for the quality of education offered at high-poverty schools and a district's ability to overcome the…

Examining Co-Teaching through a Socio-Technical Systems Lens

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Isherwood, Robert S.; Barger-Anderson, Richard; Erickson, Matthew

2012-01-01

Qualitative research was conducted in a large suburban school district implementing co-teaching as a new service delivery model for special education. Researchers examined the changes that resulted from the new service delivery model using a socio-technical systems lens. This framework views schools as open systems that contain a structural, task,…

Lessons Learned: Implementation of the Milwaukee Urban Systemic Initiative in Years One and Two. Report for the Milwaukee Public Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doyle, Lynn H.; Huinker, DeAnn

The Urban Systemic Initiatives (USI) program is an effort sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) that targets large urban school systems with the goal of sustainable implementation of high-quality, standards-based teaching for the purpose of attaining system-wide increases in students' learning of challenging mathematics and science.…

Victims of the Churn: The Damaging Impact of California's Teacher Layoff Policies on Schools, Students, and Communities in Three Large School Districts. K-12 Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hahnel, Carrie; Barondess, Heather; Ramanathan, Arun

2011-01-01

California's students, particularly its poorest students, need great teachers. Unfortunately, California's seniority-based teacher layoff system puts adult privileges over student needs. Newer teachers are laid off first, regardless of how well they do their jobs. This system is especially damaging to schools serving the highest numbers of…

The Condition of Education in the Great City Schools. A Statistical Profile 1980-1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council of the Great City Schools, Washington, DC.

This report provides statistical information on the 35 large urban school systems that comprise the Council of Great City Schools. Data are organized into the following categories: (1) enrollment and demographics (including racial composition, children below poverty level, and private school, handicapped, vocational education and limited English…

Academies 2: The New Batch. CEP Discussion Paper No. 1370

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eyles, Andrew; Machin, Stephen; Silva, Olmo

2015-01-01

The English education system has undergone a large restructuring programme through the introduction of academy schools. The most salient feature of these schools is that, despite remaining part of the state sector, they operate with more autonomy than the predecessor schools they replace. Two distinct time periods of academy school introduction…

The Characteristics and Quality of Pre-School Education in Spain

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sandstrom, Heather

2012-01-01

We examined 25 four-year-old pre-school classrooms from a random sample of 15 schools within a large urban city in southern Spain. Observational measures of classroom quality included the Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale-Revised, the Classroom Assessment Scoring System and the Observation of Activities in Pre-school. Findings revealed…

Islands of Healing: A St. Patrick's Day Look at Integrated Schools in Northern Ireland.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McNamee, Abigail Stahl

In Northern Ireland, groups of school children, parents, teachers, and principals are supporting religiously integrated schools. This paper gives an account of this movement and the history behind Catholic/Protestant tensions in Northern Ireland. The "Controlled" school system in the country is largely Protestant, whereas the…

First Steps: What School Systems Can Do Right Now to Improve Teacher Compensation and Career Path

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frank, Stephen; Baroody, Karen; Gordon, Jeff

2013-01-01

Across the country, school districts are struggling to improve student performance on flat or declining budgets. Many districts are understandably cautious about implementing large changes, such as redesigning the step-and-lane system that has existed for decades. New evaluation systems must be implemented and vetted before they are linked to…

An Evaluation Model To Select an Integrated Learning System in a Large, Suburban School District.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curlette, William L.; And Others

The systematic evaluation process used in Georgia's DeKalb County School System to purchase comprehensive instructional software--an integrated learning system (ILS)--is described, and the decision-making model for selection is presented. Selection and implementation of an ILS were part of an instructional technology plan for the DeKalb schools…

Supplementary Education: Global Growth, Japan's Experience, Canada's Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dierkes, Julian

2008-01-01

Supplementary education is on the rise globally, taking many different forms, from private tutors to small schools and large corporations. These providers exist outside conventional public and private school systems, offering remedial education and tutoring, parallel instruction to conventional schools, and accelerated or more advanced…

Passive solar addition to therapeutic pre-school. Final technical report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1983-10-01

This project consisted of designing and constructing a passive solar system on a new classroom addition to the Peanut Butter and Jelly Therapeutic Pre-School in Albuquerque, NM. The purpose of this project was to demonstrate the applicability of solar space heating systems to large institutional buildings, and to demonstrate the energy and cost savings available through the use of such systems. Preliminary estimates indicated that the passive solar systems will provide about 90 percent of the heating and cooling needs for the new classroom addition to the school.

Information Systems and Performance Measures in Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coleman, James S.; Karweit, Nancy L.

Large school systems bring various administrative problems in handling scheduling, records, and avoiding making red tape casualties of students. The authors review a portion of the current use of computers to handle these problems and examine the range of activities for which computer processing could provide aid. Since automation always brings…

Professional Development and the Teaching Schools Experiment in England: Leadership Challenges in an Alliance's First Year

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dowling, Simon

2016-01-01

This article reports findings from the first year of a longitudinal, mixed-methods case study of a large teaching school alliance in England. This national initiative is intended to drive improvement at system level by grouping schools around formally designated teaching schools. These "alliances" work collaboratively to share learning,…

Bullying in Schools: A Form of Child Abuse in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aluedse, Oyaziwo

2006-01-01

Child abuse is largely recognized as a significant issue within the school system and the larger society. In the schools, incidents of child abuse can take any of physical, sexual and psychological forms. This paper would restrict itself to bullying, by more specifically providing a clearer understanding of the concept of bullying, its prevalence,…

Challenges and Opportunities for School Improvement: Recommendations for Urban School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dolph, David

2017-01-01

Insofar as urban school systems that are often identified as ineffective include such a large segment of U.S. P-12 students, it is vital to improve academic success. To provide context, the article first discusses key challenges facing urban schools. Second, the article identifies and briefly reviews a variety of approaches to reform models often…

What Is the Proposed Role of Research Evidence in England's "Self-Improving" School System?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Godfrey, David

2017-01-01

This article examines the English government's vision for how research is proposed to lead to improvements in the system in the context of a school-led, self-improving system and rapid and sweeping legislative reforms. The debate about the role of research in the teaching profession has been sharpened by a large consultation effort in the academic…

Systemic Constraints on Students' Appropriation of Reform Oriented Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ares, Nancy; Evans, Dawn M.; Harnischfeger, Alice M.

2018-01-01

We investigate 10th-grade Latinx and African American high school students' engagement in a reform-oriented curriculum designed to foster their critical social analysis of urban schooling. Students' designs of "ideal schools" based on their studies of their neighborhoods largely reproduced existing inequitable structures and practices of…

Byrne and School Finance: A Look Back and Ahead.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broderick, Bob

1981-01-01

Eight years of school finance under New Jersey governor Brendan Byrne is analyzed. The author suggests the new governor will face the same problems Byrne faced eight years ago: a legal challenge to the state's system of funding schools, and a large hole in the state budget. (KC)

COST MODEL FOR LARGE URBAN SCHOOLS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'BRIEN, RICHARD J.

THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS A COST SUBMODEL OF AN URBAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM. THIS MODEL REQUIRES THAT PUPIL POPULATION AND PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING ARE KNOWN. THE COST ELEMENTS ARE--(1) CONSTRUCTION COSTS OF NEW PLANTS, (2) ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS OF BUILDING SITES, (3) CURRENT OPERATING EXPENSES OF THE PROPOSED SCHOOL, (4) PUPIL…

Mobile Technologies in Schools: The Student Voice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodge, Emma-Leigh; Robertson, Neville; Sargisson, Rebecca J.

2017-01-01

Intermediate and high school students spend a large amount of time using mobile devices (Lauricella, Cingel, Blackwell, Wartella, & Conway, 2014), and such devices are increasingly being integrated into our school system. We conducted a series of student-led focus groups, with this early adolescent cohort, in order to better understand their…

Charter School Expansion and within District Equity: Confluence or Conflict?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, Bruce D.; Libby, Ken; Wiley, Kathryn

2015-01-01

This article explores whether two popular policy initiatives are compatible or conflicting strategies for enhancing educational equality in diverse large urban centers. These two initiatives are (1) charter school expansion and (2) improvement of resource equity across urban public school systems through policies often referred to as weighted…

California's New School Funding Flexibility

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weston, Margaret

2011-01-01

Spurred by a deep recession and large budget shortfalls, the California Legislature in 2009 enacted what was arguably the largest change to California's school finance system in decades--relaxing spending restrictions on more than 40 categorical programs through 2012-13, extended later to 2014-15. Categorical funding, which gives school districts…

Principal Appraisals Get a Remake

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zubrzycki, Jaclyn

2013-01-01

A growing number of school districts--including large ones like those in Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, and Hawaii--have become recent converts to new principal-evaluation systems that tie school leaders' appraisals to student test scores. As of this school year, student achievement accounts for 40 percent to 50 percent of principals' evaluations…

Data Sharing to Inform School-Based Asthma Services

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Portwood, Sharon G.; Nelson, Elissa B.

2013-01-01

Background: This article examines results and lessons learned from a collaborative project involving a large urban school district, its county health department, multiple community partners, and the local university to establish an effective system for data sharing to inform monitoring and evaluation of the Charlotte Mecklenburg Schools (CMS)…

Absorptive Capacity: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding District Central Office Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farrell, Caitlin C.; Coburn, Cynthia E.

2017-01-01

Globally, school systems are pressed to engage in large-scale school improvement. In the United States and other countries, school district central offices and other local governing agencies often engage with external organizations and individuals to support such educational change efforts. However, initiatives with external partners are not…

Redesigning America's Schools: A Systems Approach to Improvement.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duffy, Francis M.; Rogerson, Lynda G.; Blick, Charles

Current school improvement tools are largely piecemeal and often lack credible supportive evidence. Knowledge Work Supervision (KWS) is built on the premise that schools must develop the capacity for sustaining districtwide improvements. Chapter 1, "The Past Before Us Is Not the Future," summarizes the key elements of the four phases of…

We've Got Plenty of Data, Now How Can We Use It?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiler, Jeffrey K.; Mears, Robert L.

1999-01-01

To mine a large store of school data, a new technology (variously termed data warehousing, data marts, online analytical processing, and executive information systems) is emerging. Data warehousing helps school districts extract and restructure desired data from automated systems and create new databases designed to enhance analytical and…

The Infrastructure of Accountability: Data Use and the Transformation of American Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anagnostopoulos, Dorothea, Ed.; Rutledge, Stacey A., Ed.; Jacobsen, Rebecca, Ed.

2013-01-01

"The Infrastructure of Accountability" brings together leading and emerging scholars who set forth an ambitious conceptual framework for understanding the full impact of large-scale, performance-based accountability systems on education. Over the past 20 years, schools and school systems have been utterly reshaped by the demands of…

Q&A: The Basics of California's School Finance System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

EdSource, 2006

2006-01-01

In a state as large and complex as California, education financing can become as complicated as rocket science. This two-page Q&A provides a brief, easy-to-understand explanation of California's school finance system and introduces the issues of its adequacy and equity. A list of resources providing additional information is provided.

Linked Learning as a High School Transformation Strategy: Organizational Structures and Leadership Behaviors That Support Lasting Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiss, Elizabeth Rocio

2016-01-01

Linked Learning is an approach that has proven effective in transforming the learning experiences for high school students. An instrumental case study was conducted in a large urban district in Southern California where district and school leaders implemented Linked Learning as a systemic high school reform initiative. Analysis of the data…

De-adoption of an evidence-based trauma intervention in schools: A retrospective report from an urban school district

PubMed Central

Nadeem, Erum; Ringle, Vanesa

2017-01-01

The de-adoption of evidence-based practices (EBPs) is a largely understudied topic. The present study examined factors related to the de-adoption of an EBP for students exposed to traumatic events in a large urban school district. Qualitative interviews conducted with school clinicians and district administrators two years after the district embarked on a large-scale roll-out of the EBP distinguished between factors that impacted partial de-adoption after one year (phase 1) and complete de-adoption by the district after two years (phase 2). Phase 1 factors included organizational consistency, workforce stability, prior success, positive student outcomes, school- and district- level supports, innovation-setting fit, and innovation-related issues. Phase 2 factors included district-level leadership changes, financial and workforce instability, and shifting priorities. Study results suggest that sustainment-enhancing strategies should be included in the early stages of program implementation to most effectively adapt to school- and system- level changes. PMID:28775793

Subjective Performance Evaluation in the Public Sector: Evidence from School Inspections. CEE DP 135

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hussain, Iftikhar

2012-01-01

Performance measurement in the public sector is largely based on objective metrics, which may be subject to gaming behaviour. This paper investigates a novel subjective performance evaluation system where independent inspectors visit schools at very short notice, publicly disclose their findings and sanction schools rated fail. First, I…

Moving to Standards-Based Grading: Lessons from Omaha

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Proulx, Chris; Spencer-May, Karen; Westerberg, Tim

2012-01-01

Getting a large, urban school district to use standards-based education and standards-based grading is challenging. Doing so in one year is monumental. During the 2009-10 school year, Omaha (NE) Public Schools began to study the feasibility of making changes to its traditional grading system. The more closely district personnel investigated the…

THE CULTURALLY DEPRIVED. EDUCATING THE DISADVANTAGED.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MITCHELL, CHARLES

AMERICA'S GREAT CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS ARE HAVING SERIOUS DIFFICULTIES. THEY HAVEN'T ENOUGH MONEY FOR TEACHERS AND CLASSROOMS. THEIR INNER-CITY SCHOOLS ARE CROWDED WITH STUDENTS WHO REQUIRE SERVICES WHICH THE SCHOOLS HAVE NEVER HAD TO PROVIDE ON A LARGE, ORGANIZED SCALE. THEY HAVE TOO FEW TEACHERS, MANY OF WHOM ARE INADEQUATELY PREPARED TO TEACH THE…

School Mental Health: The Impact of State and Local Capacity-Building Training

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stephan, Sharon; Paternite, Carl; Grimm, Lindsey; Hurwitz, Laura

2014-01-01

Despite a growing number of collaborative partnerships between schools and community-based organizations to expand school mental health (SMH) service capacity in the United States, there have been relatively few systematic initiatives focused on key strategies for large-scale SMH capacity building with state and local education systems. Based on a…

Educational Decision Making and the Distribution of Influence in Cities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crain, Robert L.

A study determined the extent of influence members of a city's business elite have on civil rights policy of the city's school system. The National Opinion Research Center interviewed the school superintendent, school board members, civil rights leaders, other political leaders, and members of the business elite in eight large cities. The study…

Remote Control: A Spatial-History of Correspondence Schooling in New South Wales, Australia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Symes, Colin

2012-01-01

In large continental landmasses such as Australia, forms of education, including correspondence schooling, emerged in the early twentieth century that allowed children in remote regions to access education. To make such schooling possible, other "technologies" of state provision were mobilised such as the postal system, rail network, and…

Organizing Schools to Improve Student Achievement: Start Times, Grade Configurations, and Teacher Assignments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacob, Brian A.; Rockoff, Jonah E.

2012-01-01

Proposals for school reform often focus on large and sometimes controversial systemic changes, such as charter schools, accountability standards, and changes to the way teachers are hired, fired, and compensated. Although these reforms may offer great opportunity to improve student outcomes, they may also be costly, face substantial implementation…

How Can Intercultural School Development Succeed? The Perspective of Teachers and Teacher Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kiel, Ewald; Syring, Marcus; Weiss, Sabine

2017-01-01

The large number of newly arrived individuals from other countries, particularly of young people, has had an enormous impact on the school system in Germany. The present study investigated requirements for successful intercultural school development. The study used investigative group discussions, where the groups were composed of teachers and…

Digitalising Our Schools: Clarity and Coherence in Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ward, Lorrae; Parr, Judy M.

2011-01-01

While society has moved through a number of "ages" since the industrial age, many schools have remained firmly entrenched in an education system designed for a world which, largely, no longer exists. Educational policy and literature is replete with discourse related to school reform, 21st century learning and the importance of…

Mathematics Reform in a Minority Community: Student Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Van Haneghan, James P.; Pruet, Susan A.; Bamberger, Honi J.

2004-01-01

This article reports on 3 years of mathematics reform that took place in 4 high-poverty minority schools in a large, demographically mixed public school system in the South. Comparisons were made with 2 demographically similar sets of schools on project-constructed interviews, items taken from the Third International Math/Science Study (TIMSS)…

A Retrospective View of a Study of Middle School Science Curriculum Materials: Implementation, Scale-up, and Sustainability in a Changing Policy Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lynch, Sharon Jo; Pyke, Curtis; Grafton, Bonnie Hansen

2012-01-01

This article provides an extended, comprehensive example of how teachers, schools, districts, and external factors (e.g., parental pressure and policy mandates) shape curriculum research in the U.S. It retrospectively examines how three different middle school curriculum units were implemented and scaled-up in a large, diverse school system. The…

The School for Science and Math at Vanderbilt: An Innovative Research-Based Program for High School Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eeds, Angela; Vanags, Chris; Creamer, Jonathan; Loveless, Mary; Dixon, Amanda; Sperling, Harvey; McCombs, Glenn; Robinson, Doug; Shepherd, Virginia L.

2014-01-01

The School for Science and Math at Vanderbilt (SSMV) is an innovative partnership program between a Research I private university and a large urban public school system. The SSMV was started in 2007 and currently has 101 students enrolled in the program, with a total of 60 students who have completed the 4-yr sequential program. Students attend…

The Status of School Finance Today. Education Finance in the States: Its Past, Present and Future. ECS Issue Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Augenblick, John

This paper provides a brief overview of the elementary and secondary school-finance system. The scope of the school-finance enterprise is large. On any given day, about 20 percent of the country's population participates in precollegiate education programs of some sort. The states provide nearly half of all school revenues, which come from…

An Analysis of Causal Factors of Burnout among School Counselors in a Large Urban School System in the Greater Atlanta, Georgia Metropolitan Area

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ford, Beatrice R.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between school counselor participants' perceived levels of job burnout, as measured by Lee's 2007 Counselor Burnout Inventory (CBI) with the assignment of non-counseling duties, as measured by Scarborough's 2005 School Counselors Activity Rating Scale (SCARS) and the alignment of their…

Using "To Kill a Mockingbird" as a Conduit for Teaching about the School-to-Prison Pipeline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maher, Steffany Comfort

2013-01-01

The author primarily teaches traditional high school English texts in a largely white, middle-class school, but the method she uses allows her to address important issues relevant to students. One unit she teaches is an investigation of the criminal justice system and a variety of issues related to the school-to-prison pipeline. A crucial text…

Black Student School Success: An Ethnographic Study in a Large Urban Public School System. A Preliminary Report Submitted to the Spencer Foundation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fordham, Signithia

This preliminary report examines the complex relationship between black adolescents' school performance and black Americans' intragroup social organization, as well as the intrusive influence of the larger social structure. It is based on a two-year ethnographic study of high school students in a black section of Washington, D.C. Emphasis is on…

Improving Achievement for Linguistically and Culturally Diverse Learners through an Inquiry-Based Earth Systems Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lambert, Julie; Ariza, Eileen N. Whelan

2008-01-01

This report describes an inquiry-based Earth systems curriculum and strategies for teaching diverse students, which were embedded in the curriculum. The curriculum was implemented with 5th-grade students with varied linguistic, cultural, and socioeconomic backgrounds in five schools in a large, southeastern U.S., urban school district. At the end…

Early Implementation Experiences of the 2010 Teacher Incentive Fund Grantees. NCEE Study Snapshot. NCEE 2014-4021

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, 2014

2014-01-01

The Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) provides grants to support performance-based compensation systems for teachers and principals in high-need schools. The study measures the impact of pay-for-performance bonuses as part of a comprehensive compensation system within a large, multisite random assignment study design. The treatment schools were to…

Researching Instructional Use and the Technology Acceptation of Learning Management Systems by Secondary School Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Smet, Cindy; Bourgonjon, Jeroen; De Wever, Bram; Schellens, Tammy; Valcke, Martin

2012-01-01

The aim of this large-scale study was to understand the technology acceptation of learning management systems (LMS) by secondary school teachers and to investigate the instructional use of LMS, distinguishing between informational use and communicational use. The predictive model further includes: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use,…

Motivating Teachers. The Best of ERIC on Educational Management, Number 60.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ERIC Clearinghouse on Educational Management, Eugene, OR.

Two documents and ten journal articles on teacher motivation, selected from those recently made available through the ERIC system, are described in this report. Topics include the need for teacher incentive systems; the use of open-space schools in which several classes are taught simultaneously in one large room; the ways in which school boards…

Consular Reports on Industrial Education in Germany: I. The System of Industrial Schooling; II. Schools for Builders; III. Preparatory Courses for Master Craftsmen; IV. "Meisterkurse" at Frankfort on the Main; V. The Trade Institute at Cologne; VI. Schools for Fruit-Growing. Bulletin, 1913, No. 54. Whole Number 565

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

United States Bureau of Education, Department of the Interior, 1913

1913-01-01

The people of the United States are greatly interested in the German systems of industrial and trade education. There is a large demand for information in regard to the general policies of German cities and States in regard to such education, and also for information in regard to schools for special trades. To meet this demand, this bulletin…

New York State's Extreme School Segregation: Inequality, Inaction and a Damaged Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kucsera, John

2014-01-01

The fight for equal educational opportunity in New York has followed a pattern similar to other diverse or racially transforming states. From the 1950s to 1980s, the issue of school desegregation was an important issue. Local civil rights pressure, the courts, and legislation attempted to desegregate large urban school systems through both…

High School Track Choice and Financial Constraints: Evidence from Urban Mexico. Policy Research Working Paper 7427

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Avitabile, Ciro; Bobba, Matteo; Pariguana, Marco

2015-01-01

Parents and students from different socioeconomic backgrounds value differently school characteristics, but the reasons behind this preference heterogeneity are not well understood. In the context of the centralized school assignment system in Mexico City, this study analyzes how a large household income shock affects choices over high school…

Racism? Administrative and Community Perspectives in Data-Driven Decision Making: Systemic Perspectives versus Technical-Rational Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Khalifa, Muhammad A.; Jennings, Michael E.; Briscoe, Felecia; Oleszweski, Ashley M.; Abdi, Nimo

2014-01-01

This case study describes tensions that became apparent between community members and school administrators after a proposal to close a historically African American public high school in a large urban Southwestern city. When members of the city's longstanding African American community responded with outrage, the school district's senior…

Improving Elementary-Level Mathematics Achievement in a Large Urban District: The Effects of Direct Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stockard, Jean

2010-01-01

This paper examines changes in the average mathematics achievement of students in the Baltimore City Public School System (BCPSS) from 1998 to 2003, comparing students in schools that implemented Direct Instruction with students in other schools. First-grade students who received Direct Instruction had significantly higher levels of achievement on…

Implementation of School Choice Policy: Interpretation and Response by Parents of Students with Special Educational Needs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bagley, Carl; Woods, Philip A.; Woods, Glenys

2001-01-01

Provides empirically based insights into preferences, perceptions, and responses of parents of students with special education needs to the 1990s restructured school system in England. Uses analyses of quantitative/qualitative data generated by a large-scale research study on school choice. Reveals depth and range of problems encountered by these…

The Design and Implementation of an Alternative High School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kritek, William J.

The analysis of the planning for an implementation of an alternative high school in a large urban school system is the focus of this study. Interview data are used. This investigation draws on, and compliments, the previous literature on implementation. While most of the earlier studies look at failures, this one is based on an instance of…

The Study of Bureaucracy in Urban Education: Bill Boyd on the Organizational Dynamics of Large-City School Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crowson, Robert L.

2011-01-01

William Lowe Boyd's extraordinarily wide scope of intellectual interests is well represented in a rich mix of publications and presentations during his career. His work ranges from analyses of choice in education to matters of productivity, children's services, comparative school reform, educational leadership, school-community relations,…

Allergens in School Settings: Results of Environmental Assessments in 3 City School Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abramson, Stuart L.; Turner-Henson, Anne; Anderson, Lise; Hemstreet, Mary P.; Bartholomew, L. Kay; Joseph, Christine L. M.; Tang, Shenghui; Tyrrell, Shellie; Clark, Noreen M.; Ownby, Dennis

2006-01-01

Environmental allergens are major triggers for pediatric asthma. While children's greatest exposure to indoor allergens is in the home, other public places where children spend a large amount of time, such as school and day care centers, may also be sources of significant allergen encounters. The purpose of this article is to describe schoolroom…

Selective School Systems and Academic Self-Concept: How Explicit and Implicit School-Level Tracking Relate to the Big-Fish--Little-Pond Effect across Cultures

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salchegger, Silvia

2016-01-01

A large body of research has demonstrated a big-fish--little-pond effect (BFLPE) by showing that equally able students have lower academic self-concepts in high-ability schools than in low-ability schools. Although the BFLPE generalizes across many countries, it varies significantly between countries. The reasons for this variation are still…

Analysis of Results of Core Academic Subjects of Ghanaian Secondary Schools: Case Study of a Secondary School in Ghana

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCarthy, Paul; Gyan, Emmanuel; Kwame, Baah-Korang; McCarthy, Peter

2015-01-01

Educational authorities in Ghana have generally established that the performance of school leavers especially at the pre-university level offered a large room for improvement, due to so many factors. Hence, the introduction of the New Educational Reform in 1987 which led to the new system of Senior Secondary School with the first product in 1993.…

A Network Primer: How They're Used...and How They Could Be Used.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lehrer, Ariella

1988-01-01

Examined are large curriculum software packages that currently dominate school networks. Indicates ways that networks could serve schools. Discusses different Integrated Learning Systems (ILS), evaluates their use and proposes future uses of these networks. (CW)

Assessment of Teachers' Reactions to a Knowledge- and Skills-Based Pay Structure at an International School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowe, Joel Courtney

2013-01-01

This study explores teachers' reactions to a knowledge- and skills-based pay (KSBP) system implemented in a large international school. Such systems are designed to set teacher compensation based on demonstrated professional knowledge and skills as opposed to the traditional scale based on years of experience and degrees attained. This study fills…

Evaluation of the Teacher Incentive Fund: Implementation and Early Impacts of Pay-for-Performance after One Year. NCEE 2014-4019

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Max, Jeffrey; Constantine, Jill; Wellington, Alison; Hallgren, Kristin; Glazerman, Steven; Chiang, Hanley; Speroni, Cecilia

2014-01-01

The Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) provides grants to support performance-based compensation systems for teachers and principals in high-need schools. The study measures the impact of pay-for-performance bonuses as part of a comprehensive compensation system within a large, multisite random assignment study design. The treatment schools were to…

Evaluation of the Teacher Incentive Fund: Implementation and Impacts of Pay-for-Performance after Two Years. NCEE 2015-4020

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chiang, Hanley; Wellington, Alison; Hallgren, Kristin; Speroni, Cecilia; Herrmann, Mariesa; Glazerman, Steven; Constantine, Jill

2015-01-01

The Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) provides grants to support performance-based compensation systems for teachers and principals in high-need schools. The study measures the impact of pay-for-performance bonuses as part of a comprehensive compensation system within a large, multisite random assignment study design. The treatment schools were to…

City School District Reorganization: An Annotated Bibliography. Centralization and Decentralization in the Government of Metropolitan Areas with Special Emphasis on the Organization, Administration, and Financing of Large-City School Systems. Educational Research Series No. 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rideout, E. Brock; Najat, Sandra

As a guide to educational administrators working in large cities, abstracts of 161 books, pamphlets, papers, and journal articles published between 1924 and 1966 are classified into five categories: (1) Centralization versus decentralization, (2) local government, (3) metropolitan organization, (4) the financing of education, and (5) the…

Dynamic Participation in Inter-District Open Enrollment: Evidence from Michigan 2005-2013. Working Paper #49

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cowen, Joshua; Creed, Benjamin; Keesler, Venessa

2015-01-01

This paper considers the determinants of student participation in Michigan's large inter-district open enrollment system, known as Schools of Choice (SoC). Employing a rich dataset from the Michigan Department of Education, we examine the population of public school students in resident and non-resident school districts between the 2005-06 and…

Implementation at the School Building Level: The Development and Analysis of Nine Mini-Case Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hall, Gene; And Others

As part of a district-wide longitudinal study of the implementation of a science curriculum innovation, researchers developed case studies of a sample of nine elementary schools in the Jefferson County School District, a large suburban system in Colorado. The study applied the Concerns-Based Adoption Model, which assumes that change is carried out…

Successful Placement or Displacement in the Transition from School to Vocational Training: The Case of Lower Secondary School Pupils

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Skrobanek, Jan; Reissig, Birgit; Muller, Matthias

2011-01-01

A system of qualification options has evolved that is complementary to company-based and school-based vocational training. Thus far, these alternatives have been largely disregarded by vocational education research. Yet with respect to the number of annual entries, those alternatives are currently nearly as significant as conventional vocational…

Assessment of Risk Factors for Truancy of Children in Grades K-12 Using Survival Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nolan, Joseph R.; Cole, Tarah; Wroughton, Jacqueline; Clayton-Code, Kimberly P.; Riffe, Holly A.

2013-01-01

Truancy is an important issue facing U.S. school systems as it is known that students who are truant are more likely to participate in criminal activity later in life (Baker, Sigmon & Nugent, 2001; Henry & Thornberry, 2010). This study examines recent data from students at 21 schools within a large midwestern school district. Survival…

Housing Policy Is School Policy: Economically Integrative Housing Promotes Academic Success in Montgomery County, MD.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwartz, Heather

2011-01-01

Montgomery County, Maryland, operates one of the most acclaimed large public school systems in the United States. Although an increasing share of the population of this suburban school district just outside Washington, District of Columbia, is low income, and the majority of its students belongs to racial minority groups, the county graduates 9 in…

Evaluation of a School Systems Plan to Utilize Teachers' Perceptions of Principal Leadership to Improve Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Ed

2009-01-01

This study examines fourth grade student achievement in relation to teacher perceptions of principal leadership and other selected variables in a large urban school district in Georgia. Student achievement was measured by performance on the Georgia Criterion-Referenced Competency Tests (CRCT) during the 2004-05 and 2005-06 school years. The…

What Research Says about Unequal Funding for Schools in America. In Pursuit of Better Schools: What Research Says.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biddle, Bruce J.; Berliner, David C.

Public school funding in America comes from federal, state, and local sources. Because nearly half of those funds are generated by local property taxes, the American system generates large funding differences between wealthy and impoverished communities. This paper reports on the characteristics of these financial inequities. It notes that sharp…

Beyond School Records: The Value of Cognitive and Affective Engagement in Predicting Dropout and On-Time Graduation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lovelace, Matthew D.; Reschly, Amy L.; Appleton, James J.

2018-01-01

Early warning systems use school record data--such as attendance rate, behavior records, and course performance--to identify students at risk of dropping out. These are useful predictors of graduation-related outcomes, in large part because they indicate a student's level of engagement with school. However, these data do not indicate how invested…

A New Turnaround Model: Michigan's Highland Park Goes Charter. Policy Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spalding, Audrey

2013-01-01

This brief examines the series of events that led to the Highland Park school district being converted to a system of charter public schools in 2012. Used as a strategy to help the district eliminate its large fiscal debt while still providing resident students with a local public school option, Highland Park's charter conversion is one of the…

Systems Thinking Tools for Improving Evidence-Based Practice: A Cross-Case Analysis of Two High School Leadership Teams

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kensler, Lisa A. W.; Reames, Ellen; Murray, John; Patrick, Lynne

2012-01-01

Teachers and administrators have access to large volumes of data but research suggests that they lack the skills to use data effectively for continuous school improvement. This study involved a cross-case analysis of two high school leadership teams' early stages of evidence-based practice development; differing forms of external support were…

English as a Second Language Teachers and the Use of New Media: Collaboration and Connection

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paraiso, Johnna

2012-01-01

The role of the ESL teacher is that of both educator and advocate. Frequently ESL teachers work with a population that presents complex challenges to the school culture at large. The distribution of the ELL population within a school system may require the ESL teacher to fulfill responsibilities at multiple schools, thus maintaining an itinerant…

Black, White, Green, Red. The Politics of Education in Ethnic America.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bresnick, David; And Others

The upheaval in large city school systems during the late 1960s and early 1970s is examined in this book. Most of the specific examples are drawn from school districts in New York City, such as Ocean Hill-Brownsville and Canarsie. The problems of growing demands for community control, ethnic and racial conflicts, and school decentralization are…

The Perceptions of New Middle School Teachers Regarding Teacher Job Satisfaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evans, Paula Joan

2017-01-01

Teacher attrition has been a problem for school systems for more than 30 years. Large numbers of new teachers leave the profession within their first 5 years of service, creating a significant cost associated with hiring and training of replacement teachers. Attrition is problematic for a middle school in the state of Georgia. New teachers at the…

Detecting a Change in School Performance: A Bayesian Analysis for a Multilevel Join Point Problem. CSE Technical Report 542.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thum, Yeow Meng; Bhattacharya, Suman Kumar

To better describe individual behavior within a system, this paper uses a sample of longitudinal test scores from a large urban school system to consider hierarchical Bayes estimation of a multilevel linear regression model in which each individual regression slope of test score on time switches at some unknown point in time, "kj."…

Application of Learning Hierarchies to Curriculum Change in a Large Urban School System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carroll, Rebecca E.; Cook, J. Marvin

The intent of this paper is to recount briefly the management process and the sequence of activities that have let the Baltimore City Public School System to the stage in its curriculum development where the focus is on learning hierarchies as a major tool in the improvement of the teaching/learning process. In the fall of 1973, Baltimore City…

Educational Followership on Twitter and Teacher Ratings on the Teacher Evaluation and Support System for One Urban Texas School District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Terry, Shannon Dae

2017-01-01

The purpose of this quantitative study was to test the theory of connectivism (Downes, 2012) by comparing Twitter educational followership and no Twitter educational followership in terms of the Texas Teacher Evaluation and Support System (T-TESS) rating scores for elementary, junior high, and high school teachers in a large urban public-school…

Implementation and Impacts of Pay-for-Performance: The 2010 Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) Grantees after Two Years. NCEE Study Snapshot. NCEE 2015-4022

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, 2015

2015-01-01

The Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) provides grants to support performance-based compensation systems for teachers and principals in high-need schools. The study measures the impact of pay-for-performance bonuses as part of a comprehensive compensation system within a large, multisite random assignment study design. The treatment schools were to…

Textbooks of Doubt: Using Systemic Functional Analysis to Explore the Framing of Climate Change in Middle-School Science Textbooks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Román, Diego; Busch, K. C.

2016-01-01

Middle school students are learning about climate change in large part through textbooks used in their classes. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how the language employed in these materials frames this topic. To this end, we used systemic functional analysis to study the language of the chapters related to climate change in four sixth grade…

Evaluation of the Teacher Incentive Fund: Final Report on Implementation and Impacts of Pay-for-Performance across Four Years: Executive Summary. NCEE 2018-4005

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chiang, Hanley; Speroni, Cecilia; Herrmann, Mariesa; Hallgren, Kristin; Burkander, Paul; Wellington, Alison

2017-01-01

The Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) provides grants to support performance-based compensation systems for teachers and principals in high-need schools. The study measures the impact of pay-for-performance bonuses as part of a comprehensive compensation system within a large, multisite random assignment study design. The treatment schools were to…

Evaluation of the Teacher Incentive Fund: Final Report on Implementation and Impacts of Pay-for-Performance across Four Years. NCEE 2018-4004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chiang, Hanley; Speroni, Cecilia; Herrmann, Mariesa; Hallgren, Kristin; Burkander, Paul; Wellington, Alison

2017-01-01

The Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) provides grants to support performance-based compensation systems for teachers and principals in high-need schools. The study measures the impact of pay-for-performance bonuses as part of a comprehensive compensation system within a large, multisite random assignment study design. The treatment schools were to…

Evaluation of the Teacher Incentive Fund: Implementation and Early Impacts of Pay-for-Performance after One Year. Executive Summary. NCEE 2014-4020

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Max, Jeffrey; Constantine, Jill; Wellington, Alison; Hallgren, Kristin; Glazerman, Steven; Chiang, Hanley; Speroni, Cecilia

2014-01-01

The Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) provides grants to support performance-based compensation systems for teachers and principals in high-need schools. The study measures the impact of pay-for-performance bonuses as part of a comprehensive compensation system within a large, multisite random assignment study design. The treatment schools were to…

Multivariate Analysis of Schools and Educational Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kiesling, Herbert J.

This report describes a multivariate analysis technique that approaches the problems of educational production function analysis by (1) using comparable measures of output across large experiments, (2) accounting systematically for differences in socioeconomic background, and (3) treating the school as a complete system in which different…

Value-Added Clinical Systems Learning Roles for Medical Students That Transform Education and Health: A Guide for Building Partnerships Between Medical Schools and Health Systems.

PubMed

Gonzalo, Jed D; Lucey, Catherine; Wolpaw, Terry; Chang, Anna

2017-05-01

To ensure physician readiness for practice and leadership in changing health systems, an emerging three-pillar framework for undergraduate medical education integrates the biomedical and clinical sciences with health systems science, which includes population health, health care policy, and interprofessional teamwork. However, the partnerships between medical schools and health systems that are commonplace today use health systems as a substrate for learning. Educators need to transform the relationship between medical schools and health systems. One opportunity is the design of authentic workplace roles for medical students to add relevance to medical education and patient care. Based on the experiences at two U.S. medical schools, the authors describe principles and strategies for meaningful medical school-health system partnerships to engage students in value-added clinical systems learning roles. In 2013, the schools began large-scale efforts to develop novel required longitudinal, authentic health systems science curricula in classrooms and workplaces for all first-year students. In designing the new medical school-health system partnerships, the authors combined two models in an intersecting manner-Kotter's change management and Kern's curriculum development steps. Mapped to this framework, they recommend strategies for building mutually beneficial medical school-health system partnerships, including developing a shared vision and strategy and identifying learning goals and objectives; empowering broad-based action and overcoming barriers in implementation; and generating short-term wins in implementation. Applying this framework can lead to value-added clinical systems learning roles for students, meaningful medical school-health system partnerships, and a generation of future physicians prepared to lead health systems change.

Examining Teacher Knowledge and Attitudes about School Issues for Children with Epilepsy: A Mixed-Method Investigation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roux, Amy Loomis

2009-01-01

Epilepsy is one of the most common diseases to affect the human nervous system, affecting approximately 0.5% of school-age children (Leppik, 2001; Kaleyias et al., 2005). Epilepsy has the potential to profoundly impact a child's adjustment to school. A large body of literature documents that children with epilepsy are at an increased risk for…

A Brief Look at: 2008-09 WCPSS Dropout Rate. E&R Report No. 10.03

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wake County Public School System, 2010

2010-01-01

On March 4th, 2010, the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction released its annual statewide Dropout Report covering the 2008-09 school year. The charts in this report show the dropout rate for Wake County Public School System (WCPSS) compared to the state as a whole, to other large school districts in North Carolina, and by federal No…

"We Need To Be in It for All 9 Innings": Lessons from Employer Participation in School-to-Career in Colorado.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hubbard, Susan; Bell, Amy; Charner, Ivan

Results of a large set of interviews and discussions conducted by the National Employer Leadership Council showed that approximately 23,000 businesspeople were involved in school-to-career partnerships in Colorado, as of January 1997. Colorado employers identified 12 lessons essential to efforts to build school-to-career systems: (1) recognize,…

Photovoltaic generating systems in rural schools in Neuquen Province, Argentina

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lawand, T.A.; Campbell, J.

1997-12-01

During the period 1994-95, solar photovoltaic systems were installed at a number of schools in Neuquen Province, Argentina, by the Provincial electric utility, Ente Provincial de Energia del Neuquen. This was undertaken with funds provided by the Inter-American Development Bank. In all, there are 12 schools that have had photovoltaic generating systems installed. These generating systems are designed to provide electricity for the basic needs at the schools: primarily for lighting, and to operate small electrical appliances such as communication radios, televisions, VCR`s, AM/FM and short-wave radios. They do not provide enough energy to operate large consumption appliances such asmore » washing machines, microwaves, refrigerators, power tools, etc. The program of provision of PV systems was supplemented with training on simple systems for cooking food or drying fruit, etc. These techniques are primarily intended for demonstration at the schools thus serving an educational role with the hope that they will be transmitted in time to the families of the students where the need is manifested the most.« less

School Desegregation, the Philadelphia Experience.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herron, William P.

The Philadelphia experience very strongly indicates that at least in Philadelphia, and very probably in most large cities in the northeastern U.S., several factors--notably the geographic separation of the races within the city and the existence of a sizable non-public school system (Usually (Usually parochial)--preclude the effective…

BARRIERS TO CHANGE IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

CARLSON, RICHARD O.

THREE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SLOW CHANGE FACILITY OF EDUCATION ARE EXAMINED. (1) THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM LACKS A PROFESSIONAL INNOVATOR. COUNTY AND STATE LEVELS OF PUBLIC EDUCATION LARGELY CONFINE THEIR ROLE TO REGULATION AND NEGLECT THE ADVOCATION OF CHANGE. ON THE LOCAL LEVEL, THE SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT IS EXPECTED TO OPERATE BOTH AS A CENTRAL…

High School Reform. Policy Brief #1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Philadelphia Youth Network, 2007

2007-01-01

Historically, many mayors have had direct authority over the education system in their cities. Until recently, however, they have largely deferred to boards and superintendents to lead and monitor the work of schools. Now, with increased federal accountability, growing awareness of how education impacts economic growth and related issues like…

Leadership for Literacy: Teachers Raising Expectations and Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chilla, Nicole A.; Waff, Diane; Cook, Heleny

2007-01-01

The public is deeply concerned that students in urban settings are not achieving at high levels. Over the past twenty years, large urban districts have attempted to restructure massive school systems using educational policymaking processes that have focused on school structures, standards-driven curriculum, and test-based accountability measures.…

Delivery Systems: "Saber Tooth" Effect in Counseling.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Traylor, Elwood B.

This study reported the role of counselors as perceived by black students in a secondary school. Observational and interview methods were employed to obtain data from 24 black students selected at random from the junior and senior classes of a large metropolitan secondary school. Findings include: counselors were essentially concerned with…

Truancy Offenders in the Juvenile Justice System: A Multicohort Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhang, Dalun; Willson, Victor; Katsiyannis, Antonis; Barrett, David; Ju, Song; Wu, Jiun-Yu

2010-01-01

Truancy remains a persistent concern, with serious consequences for the individual, family, and society, as truancy is often linked to academic failure, disengagement with school, school dropout, and delinquency. This study analyzed large-scale data covering multiple years of cohorts of delinquent youths born between 1981 and 1988. Truancy…

Detroit's Fight for Equal Educational Opportunity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zwerdling, A. L.

To meet the challenge of equal educational opportunity, current methods of public school finance must be revised. The present financial system, based on State equalization of local property tax valuation, is inequitable since it results in many school districts, particularly those in large cities, having inadequate resources to meet extraordinary…

George A. Towns Elementary School. Atlanta, Georgia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burt, Ralph H.

1976-01-01

A project testing solar heating and cooling in an existing building, the George A. Towns Elementary School, is intended to provide information on system design and performance, allow the identification and correction of problems encountered in installing large units, and gauge community/user reaction to solar equipment. (Author/MLF)

Which In- and Out-of-School Factors Explain Variations in Learning across Different Socio Economic Groups? Findings from South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Michele C.

2011-01-01

Previous studies on the role of the school in influencing attainment in South African schools have concluded that the inequalities which are known to exist in these are still largely due to the legacy of the Apartheid system. More recently, policy focus has been on narrowing the gap between the attainment of different socio-economic groups by…

Perspectives on the Use of the Problem-Solving Model from the Viewpoint of a School Psychologist, Administrator, and Teacher from a Large Midwest Urban School District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lau, Matthew Y.; Sieler, Jay D.; Muyskens, Paul; Canter, Andrea; VanKeuren, Barbara; Marston, Doug

2006-01-01

The Minneapolis Public School System has been implementing an intervention-based approach to special education placement. This Problem-Solving Model (PSM) was designed to de-emphasize the role of norm-referenced tests and to provide early instructional interventions. The basic outline of the PSM is to define the problem, determine the best…

Improvements in Certain District of Columbia Public Schools' Administrative Operations. Report to the Superintendent of the District of Columbia Public Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.

The District of Columbia Public Schools system has taken action to ensure that supply items will be obtained at the most competitive prices. Because lack of storage facilities prevented bulk purchase of emergency items at competitive rates, the Division of Buildings and Grounds has remodeled a building as a warehouse to store large quantities of…

Open-area concealed-weapon detection system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pati, P.; Mather, P.

2011-06-01

Concealed Weapon Detection (CWD) has become a significant challenge to present day security needs; individuals carrying weapons into airplanes, schools, and secured establishments are threat to public security. Although controlled screening, of people for concealed weapons, has been employed in many establishments, procedures and equipment are designed to work in restricted environments like airport passport control, military checkpoints, hospitals, school and university entrance. Furthermore, screening systems do not effectively decipher between threat and non-threat metal objects, thus leading to high rate of false alarms which can become a liability to daily operational needs of establishments. Therefore, the design and development of a new CWD system to operate in a large open area environment with large numbers of people reduced incidences of false alarms and increased location accuracy is essential.

Comprehensive Challenges for the Well Being of Young Children: A Population-Based Study of Publicly Monitored Risks in a Large Urban Center

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rouse, Heather L.; Fantuzzo, John W.; LeBoeuf, Whitney

2011-01-01

This population-based study investigated the unique and cumulative relations between risks that are monitored by public surveillance systems and academic and behavioral outcomes for an entire cohort of third graders in a large, urban public school system. Using integrated, administrative records from child welfare, public health, housing, and…

Deterrents to Change.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dyer, John

1984-01-01

Identifies some of the current forces influencing global change; speculates on possible ramifications of these forces for changes in a school system; and suggests what possible deterrents and inhibitors operating in large public education systems are preventing change. (SB)

Unification of Theoretical Models of Academic Self-Concept/Achievement Relations: Reunification of East and West German School Systems after the Fall of the Berlin Wall

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marsh, Herbert W.; Koller, Olaf

2004-01-01

Longitudinal data (five waves) from large cohorts of 7th grade students in East Germany ("n"=2,119) and West Germany ("n"=1,928) were collected from the start of the reunification of the school systems following the fall of the Berlin Wall. Here we integrate the two major theoretical models of relations between academic…

Thermal Environment for Classrooms. Central System Approach to Air Conditioning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Triechler, Walter W.

This speech compares the air conditioning requirements of high-rise office buildings with those of large centralized school complexes. A description of one particular air conditioning system provides information about the system's arrangement, functions, performance efficiency, and cost effectiveness. (MLF)

Foundations for Success: Case Studies of How Urban School Systems Improve Student Achievement [and] Abstract.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Snipes, Jason; Doolittle, Fred; Herlihy, Corinne

This report examines the experiences of three large urban school districts (and part of a fourth) that raised academic performance for their districts as a whole, while also reducing racial differences in achievement. Educational challenges included low achievement, political conflict, inexperienced teachers, low expectations, and lack of…

Making Use of District and School Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parke, Carol S.

2012-01-01

This paper describes how districts can better use their extensive student databases and other existing data to explore questions of interest. School districts are required to maintain a wealth of student information in electronic data systems and other formats. The meaningfulness of the data depends to a large degree on whether they can understand…

The Possibilities and Limitations of Applying "Open Data" Principles in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Selwyn, Neil; Henderson, Michael; Chao, Shu-Hua

2017-01-01

Large quantities of data are now being generated, collated and processed within schools through computerised systems and other digital technologies. In response to growing concerns over the efficiency and equity of how these data are used, the concept of "open data" has emerged as a potential means of using digital technology to…

Urban Education: Past, Present and Future.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watson, Bernard C.

In spite of the efforts of the Ford Foundation's Great Cities School Improvement Program in ten large city school systems to provide quality education to children and youth from the ghettos of America's cities, this problem remains unsolved. Cities have never been able to do an adequate job of educating the poor, the immigrants, and the…

Survival in a Down Economy: A Budget Reduction Process for Superintendents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, E. E.; Coffland, Jack A.

2010-01-01

Dramatic reductions in the dollars available for public education require a new and systemic approach to balancing school district budgets. This manual provides numerous examples of successful budget reduction strategies based on a six-step process that has demonstrated its effectiveness in small, medium, and large school districts. Supported by…

Understanding Mathematics: Some Key Factors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ali, Asma Amanat; Reid, Norman

2012-01-01

Mathematics is well known as a subject area where there can be problems in terms of understanding as well as retaining positive attitudes. In a large study involving 813 school students (ages approximately 10-12) drawn from two different school systems in Pakistan, the effect of limited working memory capacity on performance in mathematics was…

Large-Scale Implementation of Check-In, Check-Out: A Descriptive Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hawken, Leanne S.; Bundock, Kaitlin; Barrett, Courtenay A.; Eber, Lucille; Breen, Kimberli; Phillips, Danielle

2015-01-01

Check-In, Check-Out (CICO) is one of the most widely implemented Tier 2 behavior interventions in a school-wide system of Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS). Much literature has documented implementation of CICO across individual schools or districts. The Illinois PBIS Network, currently known as the Midwest PBIS Network, has…

Signs of the Times: Sources of Professional Challenge and Sustenance for Veteran African American Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richards, Dean D., IV

2017-01-01

Recruitment and retention of high-quality educators remains problematic throughout our public school systems. This is particularly so for teachers of minority-identifications and in high-poverty, high-minority urban schools and districts. Recent research concerning teacher longevity has typically focused on large-scale investigations of factors of…

Attributions for School Achievement of Anglo and Native American Community College Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Powers, Stephen; Rossman, Mark H.

Attributions for school success and failure were examined among 211 community college students (112 Native Americans and 99 Anglos) enrolled in remedial reading classes at a large, urban multi-campus community college system in the Southwest. The Multidimensional-Multiattributional Causality Scale (MMCS) was administered to the students in their…

Secular, Singular and Self-Expression? Religious Freedom in Australian and New Zealand Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Varnham, Sally; Evers, Maxine

2009-01-01

Children today live in a multicultural society. Its ethnic, religious and cultural diversity is reflected in school communities. In Australia, education is provided largely within the secular public systems of each state and territory. In addition, there is a significant denominational, primarily Catholic, school sector. In New Zealand, the state…

Coaches' Voices Bring 6 Lessons to Light

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brady, Cheryl H.

2007-01-01

In 1996, the Kansas City (Kan.) Public Schools, a largely poor, urban system, was facing a crisis. Talk at local and state levels was about closing a number of poor-performing schools. The author discusses how the district took matters in hand to make significant changes. Partnering with the local National Education Association leadership,…

Review of "On Her Majesty's School Inspection Service"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gross, Steven Jay

2012-01-01

This descriptive work urges U.S. policymakers to consider the English system of school inspections as a way of expanding our understanding of student achievement. Such an innovation is timely, according to the report, because the No Child Left Behind legislation is coming up for reauthorization. Using data largely from the English Office for…

Is School Funding Fair? A National Report Card. Fifth Edition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, Bruce; Farrie, Danielle; Luhm, Theresa; Sciarra, David G.

2016-01-01

The National Report Card (NRC) evaluates and compares the extent to which state finance systems ensure equality of educational opportunity for all children, regardless of background, family income, place of residence, or school location. It is designed to provide policymakers, educators, business leaders, parents, and the public at large with…

Learning and Teaching with Loss: Meeting the Needs of Refugee Children through Narrative Inquiry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kovinthan, Thursica

2016-01-01

Providing refugee students with a safe and welcoming classroom environment is critical for school success but largely dependent on teachers' knowledge, values, practices, and attitudes. This qualitative study juxtaposes the experience of one refugee students' experience in the school system and one beginning teachers' experience in working with…

Variation in Student Selection within the Australian Unified National System: A Case Study in Undergraduate Business Studies from Western Australia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stanley, Gordon; Oliver, Jeff

1994-01-01

Data on admission criteria for four undergraduate business administration programs in Western Australian universities were used to investigate variation in student characteristics across schools. Results indicated large differences in student characteristics among schools, which could affect student progress and outcomes. Implications for such…

Early Childhood Education in Ireland: Change and Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, Rosaleen

2015-01-01

Early childhood care and education in Ireland has come under increasing scrutiny in recent years, as a result of public concern about standards in some early years services. Services for children before they enter primary school are largely the responsibility of the department of health, while children in the formal school system are the…

School Choice Evidence and Its Significance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merrifield, John

2008-01-01

Pressing questions about the merits of full-fledged market accountability in K-12 education, and more limited choice programs, have spawned a large scholarly literature. This article assesses what we know from the most prominent studies and the importance of those findings to school system reform discussions. The studies most widely cited in the…

Implementing California's School Funding Formula: Will High-Need Students Benefit?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, Laura; Ugo, Iwunze

2015-01-01

The Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF) reformed California's K-12 school finance system. It replaced a patchwork of formulas and specific (or "categorical") programs with a focus on local control, funding equity, and additional support for the large share of students (63%) who are "high needs"--that is, low-income, English…

Implementation Blueprint and Self-Assessment: Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, 2010

2010-01-01

A "blueprint" is a guide designed to improve large-scale implementations of a specific systems or organizational approach, like School-Wide Positive Behavior Support (SWPBS). This blueprint is intended to make the conceptual theory, organizational models, and practices of SWPBS more accessible for those involved in enhancing how schools,…

Behavioral school psychology goes outdoors: the effect of organized games on playground aggression.

PubMed

Murphy, H A; Hutchison, J M; Bailey, J S

1983-01-01

This research focuses on the inappropriate, largely aggressive, behaviors of 344 K-2 children assigned to a playground prior to the beginning of the school day. Initially, a system for observing large numbers of children freely roaming over a large, open area was developed. This observational method was then used to determine the effectiveness of providing organized games for reducing potentially dangerous playground behaviors. Using a reversal (ABAB) design, it was found that the games, rope jumping, and foot racing, along with an infrequently used time-out procedure, significantly reduced the frequency of inappropriate incidents. It is suggested that when dealing with large groups, antecedent environmental manipulations may be more practical than providing consequences for the behaviors exhibited by identified individuals.

Student Response Systems and Facilitating the Large Lecture Basic Communication Course: Assessing Engagement and Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Denker, Katherine J.

2013-01-01

Instructors of large lecture classes face a variety of challenges, including student engagement and participation. With budget cuts and increasing class sizes, more schools may turn to large lecture/lab formats for the basic communication course (Stanley & Porter, 2002); instructors must understand how these classes engage students. One viable…

Determining Dropout Rates in Large City School Districts: Problems and Accomplishments.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frymier, Jack

As part of an effort to reduce high school dropout rates in large city school districts, Phi Delta Kappa, the National Association of Secondary School Principals, the Council of Great City Schools, and a group of large city school districts undertook an effort to determine baseline statistics in high schools in large cities by using standardized…

A Smart Card-Based Electronic School Absenteeism System for Influenza-Like Illness Surveillance in Hong Kong: Design, Implementation, and Feasibility Assessment

PubMed Central

Lau, Eric HY; So, Hau Chi; Xiao, Jingyi; Lam, Chi Kin; Fang, Vicky J; Tam, Yat Hung; Leung, Gabriel M; Cowling, Benjamin J

2017-01-01

Background School-aged children have the highest incidence of respiratory virus infections each year, and transmission of respiratory viruses such as influenza virus can be a major concern in school settings. School absenteeism data have been employed as a component of influenza surveillance systems in some locations. Data timeliness and system acceptance remain as key determinants affecting the usefulness of a prospective surveillance system. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of implementing an electronic school absenteeism surveillance system using smart card–based technology for influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance among a representative network of local primary and secondary schools in Hong Kong. Methods We designed and implemented a surveillance system according to the Protocol for a Standardized information infrastructure for Pandemic and Emerging infectious disease Response (PROSPER). We employed an existing smart card–based education and school administration platform for data capture, customized the user interface, and used additional back end systems built for other downstream surveillance steps. We invited local schools to participate and collected absenteeism data by the implemented system. We compared temporal trend of the absenteeism data with data from existing community sentinel and laboratory surveillance data. Results We designed and implemented an ILI surveillance system utilizing smart card–based attendance tracking approach for data capture. We implemented the surveillance system in a total of 107 schools (including 66 primary schools and 41 secondary schools), covering a total of 75,052 children. The system successfully captured information on absences for 2 consecutive academic years (2012-2013 and 2013-2014). The absenteeism data we collected from the system reflected ILI activity in the community, with an upsurge in disease activity detected up to 1 to 2 weeks preceding other existing surveillance systems. Conclusions We designed and implemented a novel smart card technology–based school absenteeism surveillance system. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of building a large-scale surveillance system riding on a routinely adopted data collection approach and the use of simple system enhancement to minimize workload implication and enhance system acceptability. Data from this system have potential value in supplementing existing sentinel influenza surveillance for situational awareness of influenza activity in the community. PMID:28986338

An Instructional Satellite System for the United States: Preliminary Considerations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DuMolin, James R.; Morgan, Robert P.

Based on educational, social, political, and other considerations, an instructional satellite system, AVSIN (Ausio-Visual Satellite Instruction), is hypothesized which represents one possible organizational and administrative arrangement for delivering large amounts of quality software to schools and learning centers. The AVSIN system is conceived…

Singapore Schools and Professional Learning Communities: Teacher Professional Development and School Leadership in an Asian Hierarchical System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hairon, Salleh; Dimmock, Clive

2012-01-01

While the literature on professional learning communities (PLCs) has proliferated, much of it derived from and contextualised in Anglo-American settings, the concept and practice of PLCs in Asian contexts of strong hierarchies have largely been ignored. Based on literature and documentary analysis, this paper investigates the systemic…

Cultural Enrichment: Connecting African American Elementary Children to Academic Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winston, Deborah L.

2011-01-01

A large, growing number of mis-educated American citizens are being produced by America's public schools. Many of these students are being funneled into the penal system shortly after dropping out of high school. This phenomenon is especially prevalent among African American male students, many of whom have withdrawn academically years prior…

Differences in Access to Care among Students Using School-Based Health Centers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parasuraman, Sarika Rane; Shi, Leiyu

2015-01-01

Health care reform has changed the landscape for the nation's health safety net, and school-based health centers (SBHCs) remain an important part of this system. However, few large-scale studies have been conducted to assess their impact on access to care. This study investigated differences in access among a nationally representative sample of…

The Effects of Reducing Tracking in Upper Secondary School: Evidence from a Large-Scale Pilot Scheme

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hall, Caroline

2012-01-01

By exploiting an extensive pilot scheme that preceded an educational reform, this paper evaluates the effects of introducing a more comprehensive upper secondary school system in Sweden. The reform reduced the differences between academic and vocational tracks through prolonging and increasing the academic content of the latter. As a result, all…

Teacher Pay for Performance: Experimental Evidence from the Project on Incentives in Teaching. [Executive Summary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Springer, Matthew G.; Hamilton, Laura; McCaffrey, Daniel F.; Ballou, Dale; Le, Vi-Nhuan; Pepper, Matthew; Lockwood, J. R.; Stecher, Brian M.

2013-01-01

The Project on Incentives in Teaching (POINT) was a three-year study conducted in the Metropolitan Nashville School System from 2006-07 through 2008-09, in which middle school mathematics teachers voluntarily participated in a controlled experiment to assess the effect of financial rewards for teachers whose students showed unusually large gains…

School-Based Budgets: Getting, Spending, and Accounting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herman, Jerry L.; Herman, Janice L.

With the advent of large interest in school-based management came the task of inventing a different type of budgeting system--one that delegated the many tasks of developing a budget, expending the allocated funds, and controlling those expenditures in a way that did not exceed the allocation to the site level. This book explores the various means…

System Learning in an Urban School District: A Case Study of Intra-District Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Redding, Christopher; Cannata, Marisa; Miller, Jason

2017-01-01

This paper presents evidence from a unique reform model that allowed teachers and other educators in a large urban district to collaborate with one another in the development of an innovation meant to improve student ownership and responsibility. In this longitudinal case study, we describe school stakeholders' learning about the design, the…

The Impact of International Large-Scale Assessments on Work-Related Educational Monitoring and Policy-Making in Germany

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seeber, Susan; Lehmann, Rainer

2013-01-01

Germany has relied on its well-established tradition of preparing the workforce through the so-called dual system of practical in-firm training (apprenticeships) and theoretical foundations conveyed by vocational schools. Believing in the high quality of academic school programmes that prepare a small elite for university studies, the German…

The Educational Park: A Guide to Its Implementation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolff, Max

This book analyzes and discusses the various aspects of the "Educational Park," the concept of which was originated as an approach to the present-day crisis of the inner city and its public school system. Basically, the Educational Park is conceived as a large clustering of educational facilities serving all the schools on a campus, so as to bring…

The Care and Handling of Research Data in a Large City School System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kean, Michael H.

The Buckley Amendment, formally entitled the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974, grants parents the right to review all records that schools maintain on their children, and to force the removal of any inaccurate or misleading data. However, its major impact on educational research is linked to its provision requiring written…

Promoting Digital Competence in Secondary Education: Are Schools There? Insights from a Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sancho Gil, Juana M.; Padilla Petry, Paulo

2016-01-01

In recent years, a large number of educational systems, following the recommendations of international organisations, have introduced a competence-based emphasis into their traditionally subject-based curriculum. This move, beyond what any document can deal with, does not seem to find its way into everyday school practice easily or with instant…

Becoming a Principal in Indonesia: Possibility, Pitfalls and Potential

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sumintono, Bambang; Sheyoputri, Elslee Y. A.; Jiang, Na; Misbach, Ifa H.; Jumintono

2015-01-01

The preparation and development of school leaders is now considered to be fundamental to school and system improvement. In the pursuit of educational change and reform, the leadership of the principal is deemed to be of critical importance. This qualitative study is part of a large scale research project that is exploring principal preparation and…

System Learning in an Urban School District: A Case Study of Intra-District Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Redding, Christopher; Cannata, Marisa; Miller, Jason M.

2018-01-01

This paper presents evidence from a unique reform model that allowed teachers and other educators in a large urban district to collaborate with one another in the development of an innovation meant to improve student ownership and responsibility. In this longitudinal case study, we describe school stakeholders' learning about the design, the…

Development of an Action Plan for the Creation of a Capacity Building Cell within the National Institute of Open Schooling, India. Contract No. C10A-159

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mishra, Sanjaya

2010-01-01

In order to understand the Open Schooling system in India, the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), and its operations, the author scanned and read a large number of documents in a short span of time. These readings formed the basis of his discussions with a range of stakeholders with whom he conducted interviews/interaction to gather…

The View of Principals on Standards Based Evaluation Systems and Their Role as Instructional Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zoll, James Allen

2014-01-01

This study examined the implementation of standards based evaluation systems, specifically Georgia's Teacher Keys Effectiveness System, affects the principals' role of instructional leader. Using a modified Delphi study, principals from a large urban/suburban school system, gave feedback on three questions: how has their role changed; are they…

The Educational Performance of Immigrant Children at Czech Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hána, David; Hasman, Jirí; Kostelecká, Yvona

2017-01-01

The integration of immigrant children into the education system is a process that is accompanied by serious debate, especially in advanced countries, which have large shares of immigrants and a long history of immigration. The poorer educational outcomes of foreign-born children are largely explained there through their socio-economically…

Designing an Electronic Classroom for Large College Courses.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aiken, Milam W.; Hawley, Delvin D.

1995-01-01

Describes a state-of-the-art electronic classroom at the University of Mississippi School of Business designed for large numbers of students and regularly scheduled classes. Highlights include: architecture of the room, hardware components, software utilized in the room, and group decision support system software and its uses. (JKP)

Issues in Brazilian School Finance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Plank, David N.

1990-01-01

The Brazilian educational finance system faces three principal problems: the persistence of large regional and intrastate inequalities on all wealth and development indices; the federal government's predominance in controlling revenue sources; and the education system's openness to political abuses. Disparities can only be rectified by…

[Current states and future aspects of graduate schools for adult graduate students: experiences of the master's course as a medical technologist].

PubMed

Obara, Takehiro; Suwabe, Akira

2012-12-01

The educational system for medical technologists (MTs) has gradually shifted from a three-year technical school system to a four-year university system. It is worthwhile for MTs to advance to a graduate school, in order to improve their routine-work skills, performances, and also to advance their own research as well as to learn how to direct younger MTs. Recently, MTs who advance to the graduate school as adult graduate students are increasing. In this article, the current states and future aspects of the graduate school of Iwate Medical University are reported. In our Department of Central Clinical Laboratory in Iwate Medical University Hospital, three of my colleagues have completed the master's course of the graduate school as adult graduate students, and three are currently attending the school. Nevertheless, none of them has advanced to the doctor's course yet. The primary reason why they do not advance is the heavy burden on any adult graduate students physically, mentally, and financially to study in the graduate school and carry out routine duties at the same time. Thus, in order to encourage MTs to go or to graduate school education, it is important to arrange systems which will enable MTs to advance to the graduate school as adult graduate students. I believe there are three key elements to make this possible. Firstly, prepare easier access to curriculums for MTs to study special fields and learn special skills. Secondly, arrange an increase in the salary scheme depending on the degree attained from the graduate school. Thirdly, provide financial support for graduate school expenses. In conclusion, it is expected that a large number of MTs will advance to the graduate school if these changes for a better educational environment are made.

Leasing Retirees: Smart Business or Gaming the System?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawton, Stephen B.

2009-01-01

In April 2009, a high school principal in a large Arizona school district met individually with 18 of his most senior teachers to inform them that they would not have a job the following year. Why didn't tenure protect them from wholesale dismissal? The answer is they all had one thing in common: they were retirees who had been leased or hired…

Problems and Issues in Using Emerging Computer Technologies To Manage and Evaluate Instructional Programs 1, 2, 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atwood, Nancy K.

School districts have begun examining the feasibility of, and in some cases are developing and implementing automated systems for, managing and evaluating instructional programs. This paper describes and analyzes the issues and problems that emerged over the course of three projects--a large suburban school in the West, a consortium of five small…

The Politics of Body Capital within Neoliberal Social Reproduction Systems: Freirean Critical Pedagogy Principles in Brazilian Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Müller, Antonio Jose; Rossatto, César Augusto

2016-01-01

Sports in our society are a source of enthusiasm for many people, reflecting their cultural values and at times social tensions. Body capital development in different countries follow the local culture and politics. Since schools tend to reproduce the culture at large, sports are also one intrinsic representation replicated. Physical education or…

Building Research-Practice Partnerships as a District-Led Initiative: A High-Leverage Strategy for System Improvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Muñoz, Marco A.

2016-01-01

Research-Practice Partnerships (RPP) can enable and support an evidence-based school culture for decision-making in districts across the nation. Based on our experiences in a large urban district, a key element for a successful RPP is to understand that school districts have their own research needs/agenda typically articulated in strategic plans.…

Politics and Policy in the Southeastern States: Into the 90s--Economics and Policies for Educational Institutions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sistrunk, Walter E.

Public displeasure with schooling is related to the greater expectations people place in schools when events seem awry in the society at large, as attested by recent problems with crime, drugs, and high unemployment. Today, public dissatisfaction extends to all areas of the educational system and confidence in educational programs and in schools…

The Educational Production Function: Implications for Educational Manpower Policy. Institute of Public Employment Monograph No. 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heim, John; Perl, Lewis

This monograph summarizes and evaluates "educational production function analyses"--studies of the relation between inputs and outputs in an education system--in order to aid in educational manpower policy making. In addition, data from New York state school districts and from a large national sample of high school students is subjected to…

Making Sense of the Political Competence of Public School Superintendents: Bridging the Gap between Educational Altruism and Local Governance "Buy-In"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tremblay, Robert A.

2014-01-01

School superintendents are charged with the responsibility of organizing and managing human and material resources within a complex system of interest groups and collective bargaining agreements that is largely funded by taxpayers with competing wants and needs. "The superintendency has long been regarded with three traditional leadership…

Community Support for the Public Schools in a Large Metropolitan Area. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Ralph V.; And Others

An extensive survey was conducted in 1965 by a team of white and Negro interviewers in an application of ecological theory to a study of the support relationship between the community and its school system. Findings are based upon interview data from a probability sample of 931 respondents selected from the population of persons 21 years of age…

Teacher Insight: The Implementation of the Common Core State Standards in California School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Catherine Anne

2017-01-01

This study, "Teacher Insight: The Implementation of the Common Core State Standards in California School Districts" was designed to glean teacher voice on the large-scale reform. With a need for a global workforce in a 21st century society the existing education system is undergoing a tremendous change in order to prepare students for…

Solar Heating Experiment on the Grover Cleveland School, Boston, Massachusetts. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Electric Co., Philadelphia, PA. Space Div.

General Electric Company was one of four contractors who received a contract in early January 1974 to design, build, and install a solar heating experiment in a public school. The overall objective of this program was to obtain data that would assist in evaluating the applicability of solar heating systems in large metropolitan areas. This data…

The Silence of Fear: Making Sense of Student (Mis)Behavior

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterek-Bonner, Emily

2009-01-01

The purpose of this personal narrative is to retrospectively analyze the actions and reactions of a young, female, white teacher who was faced with the reality of the dichotomy of race and power in a large school system. When an African American male student brings a gun to school, the teacher's personal assumptions come to the forefront, bringing…

Evaluation of the healthy schools program: Part I. Interim progress.

PubMed

Beam, Margaret; Ehrlich, Ginny; Donze Black, Jessica; Block, Audrey; Leviton, Laura C

2012-01-01

Federal and state policies identify schools as a setting to prevent childhood obesity, but schools need better health-promoting strategies. The objective of this study was to evaluate interim progress in schools receiving hands-on training from the Healthy Schools Program, the nation's largest school-based program aimed at preventing childhood obesity. The 4-year program targets schools with predominantly low-income, African American, or Hispanic students. In 2010 we assessed schools that enrolled in the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 school years. School representatives completed an inventory of 8 content areas: policy and systems, school meals, competitive foods and beverages, health education, physical education, physical activity outside of physical education, before- and after-school programs, and school employee wellness. Schools' baseline inventory was compared by t test with the most recent inventory available. Schools made significant changes in all content areas, and effect sizes were moderate to large. Participating schools improved environmental policies and practices to prevent childhood obesity. The program is a resource to implement recent federal and state policies.

[School hygiene in the past, present and future--in the opinion of the Inspector of Pediatrics and School Medicine and member of the European Society for Social Pediatrics (ESSOP)].

PubMed

Zaba, Ryszard; Bukartyk-Rusek, Bogna

2002-01-01

Yesterday. School hygiene acted in a clear way. Physician, pediatrician, nurse and hygienist were employed at school and were responsible for carrying out periodic examination, vaccination of school children and youth. They also supervised groups of children with posture defects, obesity, underweight, circulatory system and respiratory tract (asthma, anaphylaxis), diseases nervous system disorders and also propagated health education at school. Inspector of Pediatrics and School Medicine was in charge of School Medical Care. Today. Reform of the Public Health System. Medical examination and services have their value in money. A school physician, some hygienists and school nurses have been dismissed to decrease the financial costs of school hygiene. All medical services must be bought by the National Health Service. Public and private medical services at doctors and nurses are organized at schools. Each service performs examinations, vaccinations bought by the National Health Service or parents. A pupil is a subject of buying medical services. He may be vaccinated by a nurse but a medical examination must be either bought or performed by home doctor. The supervision of school children with different illnesses is not conducted by a school doctor. At present all the threats of contemporary world such as alcohol, tobacco, drug addiction, nervous system illnesses and allergies which are destructive for youth start when they are teenagers. School is an important place for carrying out on a large scale prophylactic services with medical teams of paediatricians, rehabilitation specialists and psychologists. Tomorrow. School Hygiene at School. Not at home doctor's. Recommendations, Daily Hygiene: personal, oral, food mental.... Hygiene of studying, rest and daily effort. Struggle with mass media, alcohol, drug, Internet, Computer addiction, violence, stupidity and poverty. School Hygiene should be adjusted to youth's health needs in accordance with the recommendations of European Society for Social Pediatrics (ESSOP) and Committee on Public Education, American Academy of Pediatrics and reinforced, it should not be eliminated.

Unfair to Young People: How the Public Schools Got the Way They Are.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Robert

This booklet provides an analysis of the American educational system from a socialist perspective. Based on the idea that our past and present educational system has been largely determined by the needs and ideology of the capitalist economic system, the author proposes an alternative society and educational system that places human needs above…

A Smart Card-Based Electronic School Absenteeism System for Influenza-Like Illness Surveillance in Hong Kong: Design, Implementation, and Feasibility Assessment.

PubMed

Ip, Dennis Km; Lau, Eric Hy; So, Hau Chi; Xiao, Jingyi; Lam, Chi Kin; Fang, Vicky J; Tam, Yat Hung; Leung, Gabriel M; Cowling, Benjamin J

2017-10-06

School-aged children have the highest incidence of respiratory virus infections each year, and transmission of respiratory viruses such as influenza virus can be a major concern in school settings. School absenteeism data have been employed as a component of influenza surveillance systems in some locations. Data timeliness and system acceptance remain as key determinants affecting the usefulness of a prospective surveillance system. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of implementing an electronic school absenteeism surveillance system using smart card-based technology for influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance among a representative network of local primary and secondary schools in Hong Kong. We designed and implemented a surveillance system according to the Protocol for a Standardized information infrastructure for Pandemic and Emerging infectious disease Response (PROSPER). We employed an existing smart card-based education and school administration platform for data capture, customized the user interface, and used additional back end systems built for other downstream surveillance steps. We invited local schools to participate and collected absenteeism data by the implemented system. We compared temporal trend of the absenteeism data with data from existing community sentinel and laboratory surveillance data. We designed and implemented an ILI surveillance system utilizing smart card-based attendance tracking approach for data capture. We implemented the surveillance system in a total of 107 schools (including 66 primary schools and 41 secondary schools), covering a total of 75,052 children. The system successfully captured information on absences for 2 consecutive academic years (2012-2013 and 2013-2014). The absenteeism data we collected from the system reflected ILI activity in the community, with an upsurge in disease activity detected up to 1 to 2 weeks preceding other existing surveillance systems. We designed and implemented a novel smart card technology-based school absenteeism surveillance system. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of building a large-scale surveillance system riding on a routinely adopted data collection approach and the use of simple system enhancement to minimize workload implication and enhance system acceptability. Data from this system have potential value in supplementing existing sentinel influenza surveillance for situational awareness of influenza activity in the community. ©Dennis KM Ip, Eric HY Lau, Hau Chi So, Jingyi Xiao, Chi Kin Lam, Vicky J Fang, Yat Hung Tam, Gabriel M Leung, Benjamin J Cowling. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (http://publichealth.jmir.org), 06.10.2017.

Integrated Library Systems in Canadian Public, Academic and Special Libraries: The Sixth Annual Survey.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merilees, Bobbie

1992-01-01

Reports results of a survey of vendors of large and microcomputer-based integrated library systems. Data presented on Canadian installations include total systems installed, comparisons with earlier years, market segments, and installations by type of library (excluding school). International sales and automation requirements for music are…

The CD-ROM Services of SilverPlatter Information, Inc.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, Robert J.

1985-01-01

The SilverPlatter system is a complete, stand-alone system, consisting of an IBM (or compatible) personal computer, compact disc with read-only memory (CD-ROM) drive, software, and one or more databases. Large databases (e.g., ERIC, PsycLIT) will soon be available on the system for "local" installation in schools, libraries, and…

Ella Flagg Young: Tribute to a Pioneer Leader in Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Webb, L. Dean; McCarthy, Martha M.

1996-01-01

Young was the first woman to head a large city school system, the first woman to serve as head of a large teachers college, and the first woman president of the National Education Association. Her visionary accomplishments offer inspiration for current women administrators to continue in the quest to improve education. (LSR)

Deregulating School Aid in California: How Districts Responded to Flexibility in Tier 3 Categorical Funds in 2010-2011. Technical Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stecher, Brian M.; Fuller, Bruce; Timar, Tom; Marsh, Julie A.

2012-01-01

California's system of school finance is highly regulated and prescriptive. A large share of state funding is allocated through categorical programs, that is, programs whose funding is contingent upon districts using the money in a particular way or for a particular purpose. In 2008-09, the strings were taken off 40 of those programs, collectively…

The Impact of Incentives on Effort: Teacher Bonuses in North Carolina. Program on Education Policy and Governance Working Papers Series. PEPG 10-06

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahn, Tom; Vigdor, Jake

2010-01-01

Teacher effort, a critical component of education production, has been largely ignored in the literature due to measurement difficulties. Using a principal-agent model, North Carolina public school data, and the state's unique accountability system that rewards teachers for school-level academic growth, we show that we can distill effort from…

Newcomer High School Students as an Asset: The Internationals Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sylvan, Claire

2013-01-01

The last several decades have made clear that large numbers of immigrants still see America as a land of opportunity--and this influx of students has had a strong impact on the K-12 educational system. Most of the million-pupil increase in the public school population in the decade between 2001 and 2011 is due to the increase in English language…

Deregulating School Aid in California: Revenues and Expenditures in the Second Year of Categorical Flexibility. Technical Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Imazeki, Jennifer

2012-01-01

California's system of school finance is highly regulated and prescriptive. A large share of state funding is allocated through categorical programs; that is, programs whose funding is contingent on districts using the money in a particular way or for a particular purpose. In 2008-09, the strings were taken off 40 of those programs, collectively…

Community Schooling and State Control: A Dilemma in the Innovation and Reform of Botswana's Basic Education System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tshireletso, Lucky

This paper examines the Botswana government's objectives and implementation strategies in the development of community secondary schools. With a population of 1.5 million and an annual growth rate of 3.5 percent, Botswana is one of the fastest growing countries in the world. Recent dramatic economic growth, largely due to diamond revenues, has not…

Japanese Higher-Education Reformers Weigh Elitism, Academic Laxness, and "Exam Hell."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fararo, Kim

1987-01-01

Reform proposals for Japan's large higher education system include diminishing the trauma of university entrance examinations, strengthening the quality and diversity of undergraduate education, improving graduate school offerings, establishing a lifelong education system, and expanding the scope of international exchange programs. Politics are…

Assessing the Promise of Standards-Based Performance Evaluation for Principals: Results from a Randomized Trial

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimball, Steven Miller; Milanowski, Anthony; McKinney, Sarah A.

2009-01-01

Principals (N = 76) in a large western U.S. school district were randomly assigned to be evaluated using either a new standards-based system or to continue with the old system. It was hypothesized that principals evaluated with the new system would report clearer performance expectations, better feedback, greater fairness and system satisfaction,…

Comparison of Apple, Epson, IBM, and Other Microcomputers for Applications in Rehabilitation Systems for Persons with Physical Handicaps. Revision D.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vanderheiden, Gregg C.

The paper analyzes major microcomputer systems and their use in rehabilitative systems for persons with physical handicaps. Four categories of microcomputers are addressed: systems designed for home or school with emphasis on low cost, recreation, and educational software; general purpose microcomputers with applications in a large number of…

Student-teacher relationships matter for school inclusion: school belonging, disability, and school transitions.

PubMed

Crouch, Ronald; Keys, Christopher B; McMahon, Susan D

2014-01-01

For students with disabilities, the process of school inclusion often begins with a move from segregated settings into general education classrooms. School transitions can be stressful as students adjust to a new environment. This study examines the adjustment of 133 students with and without disabilities who moved from a school that served primarily students with disabilities into 23 public schools in a large urban school district in the Midwest. These students and 111 of their teachers and other school staff rated the degree that students felt they belonged in their new schools and the quality of their social interactions. Results show that students who experienced more positive and fewer negative social interactions with school staff had higher school belonging. Teachers accurately noted whether students felt they belonged in their new settings, but were not consistently able to identify student perceptions of negative social interactions with staff. Implications for inclusion and improving our educational system are explored.

The Systems Analysis and Design Course: An Educators' Assessment of the Importance and Coverage of Topics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guidry, Brandi N.; Stevens, David P.; Totaro, Michael W.

2011-01-01

This study examines instructors' perceptions regarding the skills and topics that are most important in the teaching of a Systems Analysis and Design ("SAD") course and the class time devoted to each. A large number of Information Systems ("IS") educators at AACSB accredited schools across the United States were surveyed.…

Mechanisms Affecting the Sustainability and Scale-up of a System-Wide Numeracy Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bobis, Janette

2011-01-01

With deliberate system-level reform now being acted upon around the world, both successful and unsuccessful cases provide a rich source of knowledge from which we can learn to improve large-scale reform. Research surrounding the effectiveness of a theory-based system-wide numeracy reform operating in primary schools across Australia is examined to…

Achieving Excellence: Bringing Effective Literacy Pedagogy to Scale in Ontario's Publicly-Funded Education System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gallagher, Mary Jean; Malloy, John; Ryerson, Rachel

2016-01-01

This paper offers an insiders' perspective on the large-scale, system-wide educational change undertaken in Ontario, Canada from 2003 to the present. The authors, Ministry and school system leaders intimately involved in this change process, explore how Ontario has come to be internationally recognized as an equitable, high-achieving, and…

A Year of Progress in School-to-Career System Building. The Benchmark Communities Initiative.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martinez, Martha I.; And Others

This document examines the first year of Jobs for the Future's Benchmark Communities Initiative (BCI), a 5-year effort to achieve the following: large-scale systemic restructuring of K-16 educational systems; involvement of significant numbers of employers in work and learning partnerships; and development of the infrastructure necessary to…

Data archiving and network system of Bisei Spaceguard center

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Terazono, J.-Y.; Asami, A.; Asher, D.; Hashimoto, N.; Nakano, S.; Nishiyama, K.; Oshima, Y.; Umehara, H.; Urata, T.; Yoshikawa, M.; Isobe, S.

2002-09-01

Bisei Spaceguard Center, Japan's first facility for observations of space debris and Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), will produce large amounts of data. In this paper, we describe details of the data transfer and processing system we are now developing. Also we present a software system devoted to the discovery of asteroids mainly by high school students.

Youth and administrator perspectives on transition in Kentucky's state agency schools.

PubMed

Marshall, Amy; Powell, Norman; Pierce, Doris; Nolan, Ronnie; Fehringer, Elaine

2012-01-01

Students, a large percentage with disabilities, are at high risk for poor post-secondary outcomes in state agency education programs. This mixed-methods study describes the understandings of student transitions in state agency education programs from the perspectives of youth and administrators. Results indicated that: transition is more narrowly defined within alternative education programs; key strengths of transition practice are present in nontraditional schools; and the coordination barriers within this fluid inter-agency transition system are most apparent in students' frequent inter-setting transitions between nontraditional and home schools.

A Comparison of the Chinese and Indian Education Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arnove, Robert F.

1984-01-01

Despite remarkable progress in education, China and India still face problems of massive illiteracy; lack of universal access to education; a hierarchical, elitist, examination-oriented system unrelated to economic needs and productive labor; a large number of unemployed school leavers; and dependence on foreign models, particularly at the higher…

"Second Chance": Some Theoretical and Empirical Remarks.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Inbar, Dan E.; Sever, Rita

1986-01-01

Presents a conceptual framework of second-chance systems analyzable in terms of several basic parameters (targeted population, declared goals, processes, options for students, evaluation criteria, and implications for the regular system). Uses this framework to analyze an Israeli external high school, the subject of a large-scale study. Includes 3…

APPLYING OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS TO URBAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS, A WORKING PAPER.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

SISSON, ROGER L.

OPERATIONS RESEARCH CONCEPTS ARE POTENTIALLY USEFUL FOR STUDY OF SUCH LARGE URBAN SCHOOL DISTRICT PROBLEMS AS INFORMATION FLOW, PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF THE DISTRICT, ADMINISTRATIVE DECISION MAKING BOARD POLICY FUNCTIONS, AND THE BUDGET STRUCTURE. OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS REQUIRES (1) IDENTIFICATION OF THE SYSTEM UNDER STUDY, (2) IDENTIFICATION OF…

76 FR 43994 - Notice of Submission for OMB Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-22

...') large recurring surveys. Both systems were designed to collect and report data on key education issues... Sciences Type of Review: Revision. Title of Collection: Fast Response Survey System (FRSS) 104: Dual Credit... (PEQIS) 18: Dual Enrollment of High School Students at Postsecondary Institutions: 2010-11. OMB Control...

Righting Technologies: How Large-Scale Assessment Can Foster a More Equitable Education System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Behizadeh, Nadia; Lynch, Tom Liam

2017-01-01

For the last century, the quality of large-scale assessment in the United States has been undermined by narrow educational theory and hindered by limitations in technology. As a result, poor assessment practices have encouraged low-level instructional practices that disparately affect students from the most disadvantaged communities and schools.…

Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports in New Hampshire: Effects of Large-Scale Implementation of Schoolwide Positive Behavior Support on Student Discipline and Academic Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Muscott, Howard S.; Mann, Eric L.; LeBrun, Marcel R.

2008-01-01

This evaluation report presents outcomes for the first cohort of 28 early childhood education programs and K-12 schools involved in implementing schoolwide positive behavior support as part of a statewide systems change initiative that began in New Hampshire in 2002. Results indicate that the overwhelming majority of schools were able to implement…

College Choice Interrupted or Facilitated: A Qualitative Case Study Examining How Social Class and Schools Structure Opportunity for Students in Urban High Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reavis, Tangela Blakely

2017-01-01

Although college enrollment rates have expanded over the last several decades, low-income students and students of color continue to face formidable barriers as they seek entry into higher education. While the existence of these barriers are often viewed as macro-level roadblocks that are largely systemic, much of the literature around access to…

Accelerating the Pedagogy of Poverty in Urban Schools: Unanticipated Consequences of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waxman, Hersh C.; Padron, Yolanda N.; Lee, Yuan-Hsuan

2010-01-01

The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2002 calls for several changes in the K-12 education system in the United States. It focuses on evidence-based educational practices for schools in the United States. This study was part of a large-scale, 8-year research project that examined the quality of classroom instruction from three elementary schools…

The Journey Begins: First Year Activities of the MUSI Mathematics/Science Resource Teachers. A Report on the Milwaukee Urban Systemic Initiative.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huinker, DeAnn; Pearson, Gretchen

The Urban Systemic Initiatives (USI) program is an effort sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) that targets large urban school systems with the goal of sustainable implementation of high-quality, standards-based teaching for the purpose of attaining system-wide increases in students' learning of challenging mathematics and science.…

Stop Thief!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American School and University, 1984

1984-01-01

A large urban school board has solved the security problem for electronically stored student records by refusing to file them on a dialup system and by requiring a notarized affidavit of custody before release to a parent or guardian. (TE)

Statistical Characterization of School Bus Drive Cycles Collected via Onboard Logging Systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Duran, A.; Walkowicz, K.

In an effort to characterize the dynamics typical of school bus operation, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) researchers set out to gather in-use duty cycle data from school bus fleets operating across the country. Employing a combination of Isaac Instruments GPS/CAN data loggers in conjunction with existing onboard telemetric systems resulted in the capture of operating information for more than 200 individual vehicles in three geographically unique domestic locations. In total, over 1,500 individual operational route shifts from Washington, New York, and Colorado were collected. Upon completing the collection of in-use field data using either NREL-installed data acquisition devices ormore » existing onboard telemetry systems, large-scale duty-cycle statistical analyses were performed to examine underlying vehicle dynamics trends within the data and to explore vehicle operation variations between fleet locations. Based on the results of these analyses, high, low, and average vehicle dynamics requirements were determined, resulting in the selection of representative standard chassis dynamometer test cycles for each condition. In this paper, the methodology and accompanying results of the large-scale duty-cycle statistical analysis are presented, including graphical and tabular representations of a number of relationships between key duty-cycle metrics observed within the larger data set. In addition to presenting the results of this analysis, conclusions are drawn and presented regarding potential applications of advanced vehicle technology as it relates specifically to school buses.« less

Description and operation of Haakon School geothermal heating system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Childs, F.W.; Kirol, L.D.; Sanders, R.D.

1997-12-01

Haakon School is located in the city of Philip, near the Badlands National Park in the southwest quadrant of South Dakota. The town overlies the Madison Formation which is a large-area aquifer. The aquifer has a demonstrated capability to produce geothermal water. A system to tap this potential and heat the Haakon School District buildings in Philip has been in operation since November 1980. Five school buildings having a total area of 44,000 ft{sup 2} (4088 ft{sup 2}) are heated with 157{degrees}F (69{degrees}C) water. A single well provides water at a maximum artesian flow of 340 gpm (21.5 L/s), whichmore » more than meets the heat demand of the school buildings. Eight buildings in the Philip business district utilize geothermal fluid discharged from the school for space heating. During the 1980-81 heating season, these buildings obtained 75% to 90% of their heat from geothermal fluid. Peak heat delivery of the system is 5.5 million Btu/h (1.61. MJ/s), with an annual energy delivery of 9.5 billion Btu (10 TJ). The geothermal system has operated nearly problem free with the exception of the equipment to remove Radium-226 from the spent fluid. Barium chloride is added to the water to precipitate sulfates containing the radium. Accumulation of precipitates in piping has caused some operational problems.« less

Education and Smart Growth: Reversing School Sprawl for Better Schools and Communities. Translation Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Passmore, Sam

This paper describes how the trend toward building new schools on large sites far from existing development centers, called "school sprawl" or "school giantism," can have far-reaching impacts on school children, school districts, and the larger community.Educators and parents express concern that large schools reduce…

A Distributed Processing Approach to Payroll Time Reporting for a Large School District.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freeman, Raoul J.

1983-01-01

Describes a system for payroll reporting from geographically disparate locations in which data is entered, edited, and verified locally on minicomputers and then uploaded to a central computer for the standard payroll process. Communications and hardware, time-reporting software, data input techniques, system implementation, and its advantages are…

Measure for Measure: How Proficiency-Based Accountability Systems Affect Inequality in Academic Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jennings, Jennifer; Sohn, Heeju

2014-01-01

How do proficiency-based accountability systems affect inequality in academic achievement? This article reconciles mixed findings in the literature by demonstrating that three factors jointly determine accountability's impact. First, by analyzing student-level data from a large urban school district, we find that when educators face accountability…

Keeping Scores: Audited Self-Monitoring of High-Stakes Testing Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Padilla, Raymond; Richards, Michael

2006-01-01

To address a public relations problem faced by a large urban public school district in Texas, we conducted action research that resulted in an audited self-monitoring system for high-stakes testing environments. The system monitors violations of testing protocols while identifying and disseminating best practices to improve the education of…

Recreational Fish-Finders—An Inexpensive Alternative to Scientific Echo-Sounders for Unravelling the Links between Marine Top Predators and Their Prey

PubMed Central

McInnes, Alistair M.; Khoosal, Arjun; Murrell, Ben; Merkle, Dagmar; Lacerda, Miguel; Nyengera, Reason; Coetzee, Janet C.; Edwards, Loyd C.; Ryan, Peter G.; Rademan, Johan; van der Westhuizen, Jan J; Pichegru, Lorien

2015-01-01

Studies investigating how mobile marine predators respond to their prey are limited due to the challenging nature of the environment. While marine top predators are increasingly easy to study thanks to developments in bio-logging technology, typically there is scant information on the distribution and abundance of their prey, largely due to the specialised nature of acquiring this information. We explore the potential of using single-beam recreational fish-finders (RFF) to quantify relative forage fish abundance and draw inferences of the prey distribution at a fine spatial scale. We compared fish school characteristics as inferred from the RFF with that of a calibrated scientific split-beam echo-sounder (SES) by simultaneously operating both systems from the same vessel in Algoa Bay, South Africa. Customized open-source software was developed to extract fish school information from the echo returns of the RFF. For schools insonified by both systems, there was close correspondence between estimates of mean school depth (R2 = 0.98) and school area (R2 = 0.70). Estimates of relative school density (mean volume backscattering strength; Sv) measured by the RFF were negatively biased through saturation of this system given its smaller dynamic range. A correction factor applied to the RFF-derived density estimates improved the comparability between the two systems. Relative abundance estimates using all schools from both systems were congruent at scales from 0.5 km to 18 km with a strong positive linear trend in model fit estimates with increasing scale. Although absolute estimates of fish abundance cannot be derived from these systems, they are effective at describing prey school characteristics and have good potential for mapping forage fish distribution and relative abundance. Using such relatively inexpensive systems could greatly enhance our understanding of predator-prey interactions. PMID:26600300

[Mali: the offer of education disturbed by demographic variables].

PubMed

Tounkara, B

1990-12-01

Although educational reforms in 1962 have played a positive role in the socioeconomic and cultural development of Mali, the most recent analyses of the educational system have shown it to be in crisis for reasons both endogenous and exogenous. Huge class sizes, lack of teaching materials, and insufficient training of teachers have affected the quality of education. 80% of Mali's population is illiterate but the rate of school attendance is under 30%. Financial resources devoted to education have not grown as fast as population. The situation is made worse by structural adjustment programs of the past few years that have encouraged the government share of educational expenses to decline and the role of parents and the private sector to increase. The 1987 Demographic and Health Survey showed that Mali's rate of population growth is 2.7%/year. 45% of the population is under 15, amounting to some 3.5 million children. Great efforts are needed just to provide schools and teachers and to maintain the rate of school attendance at its current level of 27%, 1 of the lowest in the world. To attain the goal of 50% school attendance by the year 2000, the number of students beginning primary school should increase by 11.3% per year. But currently the number of students aged 6-11 is actually shrinking by almost 1% per year. At the level of the family, the expenses of school attendance are an important factor in nonattendance. The high annual costs constitute an insurmountable barrier for parents of large families. The loss of children's labor in rural areas is an added cost of schooling. School attendance in Mali is becoming a source and means of social inequality. The seasonal or permanent migration of a large part of the population has also been an obstacle to school attendance. the unavailability of mothers who teach during their 3 months of maternity leave and 2 hours daily break for breast feeding, in addition to absenteeism when their children are sick, is another effect of Mali's rapid population growth. Pregnancies among adolescent students have become common and are a significant cause of school abandonment. A program of population and family life education is badly needed to help alleviate problems in the educational system. It should be developed in both the formal and nonformal educational systems.

Guidelines for the Collection, Maintenance & Dissemination of Pupil Records. Report of a Conference on the Ethical & Legal Aspects of School Record Keeping. (Sterling Forest, New York, May 25-28, 1969).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russell Sage Foundation, New York, NY.

Modern technology has given us the ability to record, store, retrieve, and disseminate large volumes of data. Though technically efficient, such a procedure can be misused and thus constitute an invasion of privacy. Most school systems maintain extensive student records, but few have systematic policies regarding dissemination of such information.…

Effect of small versus large clusters of fish school on the yield of a purse-seine small pelagic fishery including a marine protected area.

PubMed

Hieu, Nguyen Trong; Brochier, Timothée; Tri, Nguyen-Huu; Auger, Pierre; Brehmer, Patrice

2014-09-01

We consider a fishery model with two sites: (1) a marine protected area (MPA) where fishing is prohibited and (2) an area where the fish population is harvested. We assume that fish can migrate from MPA to fishing area at a very fast time scale and fish spatial organisation can change from small to large clusters of school at a fast time scale. The growth of the fish population and the catch are assumed to occur at a slow time scale. The complete model is a system of five ordinary differential equations with three time scales. We take advantage of the time scales using aggregation of variables methods to derive a reduced model governing the total fish density and fishing effort at the slow time scale. We analyze this aggregated model and show that under some conditions, there exists an equilibrium corresponding to a sustainable fishery. Our results suggest that in small pelagic fisheries the yield is maximum for a fish population distributed among both small and large clusters of school.

Exploring Collaborative Culture and Leadership in Large High Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jeffers, Michael P.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this exploratory study was to analyze how high school principals approached developing a collaborative culture and providing collaborative leadership in a large high school setting. The population sample for this study was 82 principals of large comprehensive high schools of grades 9 through 12 or some combination thereof with…

Exploring Operational Issues and Practices of School Nutrition Programs in Large School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nettles, Mary Frances; Carr, Deborah H.; Johnson, James T.; Federico, Holly A.

2008-01-01

Purpose/Objectives: The purpose was to explore issues associated with school nutrition (SN) programs in large school districts. Specific objectives were to identify operational issues and practices SN directors encounter and describe characteristics of SN directors and their programs. Methods: A panel of seven SN professionals from large school…

The practices and needs of dietitian in school lunch program in Taiwan.

PubMed

Wong, Yueching; Chang, Yu-Jhen

2012-01-01

Nutrition-related problems among school-age children nowadays become potentially serious. In order to prevent obesity and other nutritionally related diseases in the young generation, a school lunch program has been proposed and conducted in Taiwan. It is to ensure that students' nutritional intake meets the daily requirement and to help students develop correct eating habits and maintain a healthy lifestyle. A professional dietitian who has a clear concept regarding food material utilization, cooking methods and nutritional values thus becomes important. However, the majority of schools in Taiwan are unable to offer the post of dietitian due to budgetary constraints and lack of organization. The responsibility of a dietitian is usually held by teachers, school nurses and other administrative staff. This problem has hindered the nutritional education in schools and made school lunches less beneficial to the children's nutritional needs. For the current status of dietitians in schools, a large gap is found between the currently supplied school lunches and the nutritionally standardized school lunches. It also exists in relation to education and hygiene. One of the solutions requires an infrastructure to support plans and policy, reasonable adequate budget, well human affairs establishment and coordination of all aspects. While the needed infrastructure is being proposed, an access to the professionalism of the currently employed dietitians can be strategically explored by constructing an education system. Through the system, schools without on-campus dietitians will be able to utilize their expertise with which the improvement of school lunches can be expectedly accomplished.

Policy Implications of Achievement Testing Using Multilevel Models: The Case of Brazilian Elementary Schools.

PubMed

Menezes, Igor G; Duran, Victor R; Mendonça Filho, Euclides J; Veloso, Tainã J; Sarmento, Stella M S; Paget, Christine L; Ruggeri, Kai

2016-01-01

Large-scale educational assessment has been established as source of descriptive, evaluative and interpretative information that influence educational policies worldwide throughout the last third of the twentieth century. In the 1990s the Brazilian Ministry of Education developed the National Basic Education Assessment System (SAEB) that regularly measures management, resource and contextual school features and academic achievement in public and private institutions. In 2005, after significant piloting and review of the SAEB, a new sampling strategy was taken and Prova Brasil became the new instrument used by the Ministry to assess skills in Portuguese (reading comprehension) and Mathematics (problem solving), as well as collecting contextual information concerning the school, principal, teacher, and the students. This study aims to identify which variables are predictors of academic achievement of fifth grade students on Prova Brasil. Across a large sample of students, multilevel models tested a large number of variables relevant to student achievement. This approach uncovered critical variables not commonly seen as significant in light of other achievement determinants, including student habits, teacher ethnicity, and school technological resources. As such, this approach demonstrates the value of MLM to appropriately nuanced educational policies that reflect critical influences on student achievement. Its implications for wider application for psychology studies that may have relevant impacts for policy are also discussed.

Policy Implications of Achievement Testing Using Multilevel Models: The Case of Brazilian Elementary Schools

PubMed Central

Menezes, Igor G.; Duran, Victor R.; Mendonça Filho, Euclides J.; Veloso, Tainã J.; Sarmento, Stella M. S.; Paget, Christine L.; Ruggeri, Kai

2016-01-01

Large-scale educational assessment has been established as source of descriptive, evaluative and interpretative information that influence educational policies worldwide throughout the last third of the twentieth century. In the 1990s the Brazilian Ministry of Education developed the National Basic Education Assessment System (SAEB) that regularly measures management, resource and contextual school features and academic achievement in public and private institutions. In 2005, after significant piloting and review of the SAEB, a new sampling strategy was taken and Prova Brasil became the new instrument used by the Ministry to assess skills in Portuguese (reading comprehension) and Mathematics (problem solving), as well as collecting contextual information concerning the school, principal, teacher, and the students. This study aims to identify which variables are predictors of academic achievement of fifth grade students on Prova Brasil. Across a large sample of students, multilevel models tested a large number of variables relevant to student achievement. This approach uncovered critical variables not commonly seen as significant in light of other achievement determinants, including student habits, teacher ethnicity, and school technological resources. As such, this approach demonstrates the value of MLM to appropriately nuanced educational policies that reflect critical influences on student achievement. Its implications for wider application for psychology studies that may have relevant impacts for policy are also discussed. PMID:27933004

School collective occupation movements and substance use among adolescents: A school-level panel design.

PubMed

Castillo-Carniglia, Alvaro; Kaufman, Jay S; Pizarro, Esteban; Marín, José D; Wintemute, Garen; Cerdá, Magdalena

2017-07-01

Recently, social movements across the world have demanded reforms to education systems and other institutions. Although such movements have affected large numbers of people across multiple countries, we know little about the impacts they have had on population health. We focus on one example: the massive strikes and collective occupation of secondary schools across Chile, which occurred contemporaneously with a large increase in marijuana use among students in this age group. We aimed to evaluate the causal effects that the 2011 Chilean school strikes had on adolescent substance use, including the initiation of marijuana use and the use of alcohol and marijuana. School-level, aggregated panel design using data from the National Drug Surveys among Secondary Students from 2005 to 2015 for students in grades 9-12. We used a fixed-effects difference-in-difference model to estimate the effect of school occupations on prevalence of self-reported indicators of drug use. Reported marijuana use doubled between 2009 and 2013 among Chilean adolescents. After controlling for secular trends in outcomes and for school characteristics, there was no evidence of increased marijuana initiation, alcohol and marijuana use, or of an increase in heavy use among adolescents being directly attributable to school strikes and occupations in 2011. The 2011 Occupy school movement in Chile had no detectable causal effect on substance use among Chilean adolescents. The increase in marijuana use from 2009 to 2013 seems to be part of broader social changes occurring among the school-age population. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Moving toward equitable, systemic science education reform: The synergy among science education and school-level reforms in an urban middle school

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kelly, Mary Kathryn

The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of the relationships among school-level and science education reform efforts and how, collectively, they contribute to the progress of equitable, systemic science education reform. A case study research design was employed to gather both qualitative and quantitative data between 1995 and 1999. The site of this study is a non-selective, urban middle school in a large district that participated in several reform efforts. These reforms include both efforts focused on school-level change and efforts focused on change in science teaching and learning. Its program incorporates aspects of several school-level reforms---from the underlying Paideia philosophy, to structural characteristics of middle schools, to site-based decision-making, to its status as a magnet school, to its participation as a professional development school. Further, the participation of all science teachers in the intensive, standards-based professional development offered by Ohio's systemic reform of mathematics and science created a critical mass of reform-oriented teachers who supported one another as they incorporated reform-based practices into their teaching. The interplay of the reform efforts has manifested in a high level of science achievement in comparison to the school's district. Addressing the third component of O'Day and Smith's model for systemic reform, the need for school-level change to enable implementation of curriculum frameworks and aligned policies, this study illustrates two important points. First, the high-quality teacher professional development increased teachers' capacity to change their practices by enhancing their knowledge of and skills in implementing standards-based teaching practices. Second, because of the synchrony among the school-level reforms and between the school-level and science education reforms, the context of Webster provided a supportive environment in which lasting changes in science teaching and learning were implemented. Science education reform efforts were mediated by the school's context to create an environment in which the reform practices could be implemented and sustained. Using Kahle's (1998) Equity Metric, this study demonstrates that the synergy of the policies and practices of school-level and science education reforms can contribute to the progress of equitable, systemic science education reform.

Exam-Oriented Education and Implementation of Education Policy for Migrant Children in Urban China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hu, Bo; West, Anne

2015-01-01

This paper investigates the implementation of education policy for migrant children in urban China. Historically, rural and urban residents in China were separated by the "hukou" system, and rural children were not allowed to attend urban schools. Since the relaxation of the "hukou" system in the early 1980s, large numbers of…

THE NEEDS OF EDUCATION FOR TELEVISION CHANNEL ALLOCATIONS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BRONSON, VERNON; AND OTHERS

THIS REPORT IS BASED ON A STUDY DESIGNED SPECIFICALLY TO BRING INTO FOCUS THE NATIONAL PICTURE OF TELEVISION FACILITIES FOR EDUCATION THAT WILL BE NEEDED DURING THE NEXT DECADE. THE SURVEY INCLUDED ALL THE LARGE SCHOOL SYSTEMS IN THE COUNTRY WITH ENROLLMENTS OF 12,000 OR MORE, A NUMBER OF THE SMALLER SYSTEMS, AND ALL THE STATE DEPARTMENTS OF…

System-Level Instructional Leadership--A District-Level Leadership Case: Implementing PLCs in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Archbald, Doug

2016-01-01

Objective of the Case--There is a large volume of theoretical and "how to" literature on professional learning communities (PLCs), but little documenting the challenges of implementation and even less on the challenges of system-wide implementation of PLCs. This case is about the role of the central office in initiating and supporting…

Pre-Conditions, Benefits and Costs of Privatized Public Services: Lessons from the Dutch Educational System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

James, Estelle

The system in the Netherlands of "privatization," a government policy of financially supporting private schools and encouraging people to use them, depends on conditions in Dutch society that are conducive to a large nongovernment, nonprofit sector. These include cultural heterogeneity, coupled with the lack of a single dominant culture…

THE COMPUTER CONCEPT OF SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL DEVICES.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

SILBERMAN, HARRY F.

THE COMPUTER SYSTEM CONCEPT WILL BE DEVELOPED IN TWO WAYS--FIRST, A DESCRIPTION WILL BE MADE OF THE SMALL COMPUTER-BASED TEACHING MACHINE WHICH IS BEING USED AS A RESEARCH TOOL, SECOND, A DESCRIPTION WILL BE MADE OF THE LARGE COMPUTER LABORATORY FOR AUTOMATED SCHOOL SYSTEMS WHICH ARE BEING DEVELOPED. THE FIRST MACHINE CONSISTS OF THREE ELEMENTS--…

Connecting Learning & Work: The Rural Experience. Proceedings of the School-to-Work in Rural Communities in the Northeast, Technical Assistance Conference (Saratoga Springs, New York, November 17-18, 1997).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sullivan Educational Associates, Delmar, NY.

Funded through the 1994 School-to-Work (STW) Opportunities Act, state STW systems must serve all students but have tended to have an urban focus because private sector resources are more available in urban areas. Although effective, urban models that rely on large employers have been difficult to replicate in rural areas. In November 1997, state…

Improving the effectiveness of school infrastructure planning using information systems based on priority scale in Salatiga

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sucipto, Katoningsih, Sri; Ratnaningrum, Anggry

2017-03-01

With large number of schools and many components of school infrastructure supporting with limited funds,so, the school infrastructure development cannot be done simultaneously. Implementation of development must be based on priorities according to the needs. Record all existing needs Identify the condition of the school infrastructure, so that all data recorded bias is valid and has covered all the infrastructure needs of the school. SIPIS very helpful in the process of recording all the necessary needs of the school. Make projections of school development, student participants to the HR business. Make the order needs based on their level of importance. Determine the order in accordance with the needs of its importance, the most important first. By using SIPIS can all be arranged correctly so that do not confuse to construct what should be done in advance but be the last because of factors like and dislike. Make the allocation of funds in detail, then when submitting the budget funds provided in accordance with demand.

Online canteens: awareness, use, barriers to use, and the acceptability of potential online strategies to improve public health nutrition in primary schools.

PubMed

Wyse, Rebecca; Yoong, Sze Lin; Dodds, Pennie; Campbell, Libby; Delaney, Tessa; Nathan, Nicole; Janssen, Lisa; Reilly, Kathryn; Sutherland, Rachel; Wiggers, John; Wolfenden, Luke

2017-03-01

Issue addressed This study of primary school principals assessed the awareness, use, barriers to use and acceptability of online canteens. Methods A telephone survey of 123 primary school principals within the Hunter New England Region of New South Wales, Australia was conducted from September 2014 to November 2014. Results Fifty-six percent of principals were aware of the existence of online canteens, with 8% having implemented such a system, and 38% likely to do so in the future. Medium/large schools were more likely to be aware of or to use online canteens, however there were no differences in awareness or use in relation to school rurality or socioeconomic advantage. Principals cited parent internet access as the most commonly identified perceived barrier to online canteen use, and the majority of principals (71-93%) agreed that it would be acceptable to implement a range of consumer behaviour strategies via an online canteen. Conclusions Study findings suggest that despite relatively low levels of current use, online canteens have the potential to reach a large proportion of school communities in the future, across geographical and socioeconomic divides, and that the nutrition interventions which they have the capacity to deliver are considered acceptable to school principals. So what? Online canteens may represent an opportunity to deliver nutrition interventions to school communities. Future research should examine the feasibility and potential effectiveness of interventions delivered via this modality.

The politics of accountability for school curriculum: An Australian case study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smithson, Alan

1987-03-01

This normative-descriptive case study of accountability for state school curriculum in South Australia has the following objectives. First, to seek to draw a distinction between accountability and responsibility: terms which have been confused by two South Australian Directors-General of Education (position akin to C.E.O. in the U.K. and Superintendent in the U.S.A.) with important consequences. Second, to present a model of accountability for state school curriculum, by which accountability for such curriculum may be judged democratic or non-democratic, and against which accountability for curriculum in South Australian state schools will be gauged. Third, to show that whilst the South Australian school system exhibits a large measure of bureaucratic or technocratic accountability for curriculum, there is no effective democratic accountability for curriculum, and to indicate a remedy for this situation. Finally, to point out the wider significance of the South Australian case study, and suggest that democracies currently re-structuring their educational systems would do well to keep the need for democratic accountability foremost in mind.

Human Revolution: Confronting the Realities of Them and Us

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jourard, Sidney M.

1970-01-01

The nation's schools and universities have been largely engaged in training and indoctrination as opposed to"education." An educational system is needed that provides time and opportunities for self-renewal and personal growth for both teachers and students. (JH)

Role of optometry school in single day large scale school vision testing

PubMed Central

Anuradha, N; Ramani, Krishnakumar

2015-01-01

Background: School vision testing aims at identification and management of refractive errors. Large-scale school vision testing using conventional methods is time-consuming and demands a lot of chair time from the eye care professionals. A new strategy involving a school of optometry in single day large scale school vision testing is discussed. Aim: The aim was to describe a new approach of performing vision testing of school children on a large scale in a single day. Materials and Methods: A single day vision testing strategy was implemented wherein 123 members (20 teams comprising optometry students and headed by optometrists) conducted vision testing for children in 51 schools. School vision testing included basic vision screening, refraction, frame measurements, frame choice and referrals for other ocular problems. Results: A total of 12448 children were screened, among whom 420 (3.37%) were identified to have refractive errors. 28 (1.26%) children belonged to the primary, 163 to middle (9.80%), 129 (4.67%) to secondary and 100 (1.73%) to the higher secondary levels of education respectively. 265 (2.12%) children were referred for further evaluation. Conclusion: Single day large scale school vision testing can be adopted by schools of optometry to reach a higher number of children within a short span. PMID:25709271

High Schools on a Human Scale: How Small Schools Can Transform American Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Toch, Thomas

This book argues that large American high schools have become obsolete and uses case studies of four new or restructured schools to show why smallness and distinctiveness are prerequisites for school reform. The large comprehensive high school developed as an economical means of providing a range of "tracks," from practical subjects for future…

Conversion of a Large, Urban High School to Small Schools: Leadership Challenges and Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nehring, James; Lohmeier, Jill H.; Colombo, Michaela

2009-01-01

This article reports findings from a study of the experiences of 11 school principals who are leading the conversion of a large, comprehensive, urban high school into six thematic small schools. Specifically, this study addresses the question, What do high school principals identify as the leadership challenges and opportunities embedded in the…

Achieving Better Buying Power through Acquisition of Open Architecture Software Systems for Web and Mobile Devices

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-22

SPONSORED REPORT SERIES Achieving Better Buying Power through Acquisition of Open Architecture Software Systems for Web and Mobile Devices 22...ACQUISITION RESEARCH PROGRAM SPONSORED REPORT SERIES Achieving Better Buying Power through Acquisition of Open Architecture Software Systems for Web ...Policy Naval Postgraduate School Executive Summary Many people within large enterprises rely on up to four Web -based or mobile devices for their

Do 'school coaches' make a difference in school-based mental health promotion? Results from a large focus group study.

PubMed

Corrieri, Sandro; Conrad, Ines; Riedel-Heller, Steffi G

2014-12-01

Mental disorders in children and adolescents are common and have serious consequences. Schools present a key opportunity to promote mental health and implement prevention measures. Four school coaches in five German schools were enlisted to engage students, teachers and parents in building a sustainably healthy school and classroom climate. Altogether, 58 focus groups with students (N=244), parents (N=54) and teachers (N=62) were conducted longitudinally. Topics included: (1) the development of the school and classroom climate, (2) the role of mental health in the regular curriculum, and (3) the role of school coaches in influencing these aspects. Over time, school coaches became trusted reference persons for an increasing number of school system members. They were able to positively influence the school and classroom climate by increasing the awareness of students, teachers and parents of mental health in daily routines. Nevertheless, topics like bullying and student inclusion remained an issue at follow-up. Overall, the school coach intervention is a good model for establishing the topic of mental health in everyday school life and increasing its importance. Future efforts will focus on building self-supporting structures and networks in order to make these efforts sustainable.

Organizing Schools into Small Units: Alternatives to Homogeneous Grouping.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oxley, Diana

1994-01-01

Large school size adversely affects attendance, school climate, student involvement. Dividing large schools into small units creates a learning and teaching context that is more stable, intimate, supportive, interdisciplinary. Kohn-Holweide, a comprehensive German secondary school, groups all students at a given grade level with the same teachers…

School Size Does Make a Difference.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, Claude C.; Thrasher, James M.

Since the purpose of the schools is education, school size becomes important if it affects the educational opportunities available to students or the effectiveness of the educational program. The rationale for an extremely large secondary school rests on two assumptions--a large school can offer a broader educational program, and costs per student…

An academic practice partnership: Building capacity to meet sexual health education policy requirements of a public school system.

PubMed

Cygan, Heide R; McNaughton, Diane; Reising, Virginia; Reid, Bianca

2018-06-19

The purpose of this clinical concepts paper is to describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a formal academic-practice partnership between a large, urban, public school system and a college of nursing, based on the American Association of Colleges of Nursing's Guiding Principles to Academic-Practice Partnerships. The overarching goal of the partnership was to increase the school district's capacity to meet sexual health education policy requirements while providing graduate nursing students with an opportunity to work with a diverse population of youth during a public health nursing practicum course. As a result of the partnership, over 2,000 public school students (grades 5-12) have received comprehensive sexual health education and increased their knowledge by an average of 19.7-32.7%. In addition, 79 prelicensure, graduate nursing students have been placed at the public school system for public health nursing practicum and 100% have met all clinical objectives. As with any partnership, successes and lessons learned were identified. Discussion of both is included in this paper and may benefit other organizations considering entering into similar partnerships. Ultimately, academic-practice partnerships are an important mechanism to simultaneously meet the growing needs of community practice partners and nursing education programs, while strengthening public health nursing practice. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Catalyst Schools Research Study: Technical Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hammer, Patricia Cahape

2016-01-01

In January 2012, the West Virginia Governor's Office released an influential report, "Education Efficiency Audit of West Virginia's Primary and Secondary Education System," written by Public Works (2012), a management consulting company headquartered in West Chester, Pennsylvania. Based largely on this report, the West Virginia…

Effects of an Incentive Based Budgeting System on Institutional Performance Indicators: An Exploratory Longitudinal Case Study of a Public University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Willett, Michael S.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this exploratory longitudinal case study was to examine how the implementation of an Incentive Based Budgeting (IBB) system (i.e., Responsibility-Centered Management [RCM]) affected selected institutional performance indicators at the campus level and two comparable schools at a large Mid-Western public University. The value of…

Using Computer-Assisted Personalized Assignment System in a Large-Enrollment General Physics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gok, Tolga

2010-01-01

The on-line tutoring system, LON-CAPA, was implemented in Introductory Calculus-Based Physics-II course at Colorado School of Mines in fall 2008 and spring 2009. In this paper, the features and the case study of the LON-CAPA implementation were described. The performance data obtained from the scores of students enrolled in the course represented…

Formalism over Function: Compulsion, Courts, and the Rise of Educational Formalism in America, 1870-1930

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hutt, Ethan L.

2012-01-01

Background/Context: Though the impact of the legal system in shaping public education over the last sixty years is unquestioned, scholars have largely overlooked the impact of the legal system on the early development and trajectory of public schools in America. Scholars have given particularly little attention to the period in the late nineteenth…

Expanding Choice in Elementary and Secondary Education: A Report on Rethinking the Federal Role in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greene, Jay; Loveless, Tom; MacLeod, W. Bentley; Nechyba, Thomas; Peterson, Paul; Rosenthal, Meredith; Whitehurst, Grover

2010-01-01

Choice is most frequently realized within the public sector using the mechanisms of residence, magnet schools, and open enrollment systems, whereas the voucher-like systems applauded by choice advocates and feared by opponents are extremely rare. Further, the charter sector is neither large enough nor sufficiently prepared to go to scale to…

Measuring Student Growth within a Merit-Pay Evaluation System: Perceived Effects on Music Teacher Motivation Career Commitment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Munroe, Angela

2017-01-01

In this experimental study, music teachers from a large school district were randomly assigned to one of two hypothetical conditions reflecting different methods for measuring student growth under a merit pay compensation system. In Scenario A, half of a teacher's effectiveness rating was based on student standardized test scores in reading,…

Parent Choice versus Attendance Area Assignment to Schools: Does Magnet-Based School Choice Affect NAEP Scores?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Archbald, Douglas A.; Kaplan, David

2004-01-01

Inter- and intra-district public school choice, vouchers, tuition tax credits and other forms of school choice have been advocated for decades, in large part on grounds that the market forces engendered will improve public education. There are many studies of school choice policies and programs and a large theoretical literature on school choice,…

Equitable science education in urban middle schools: Do reform efforts make a difference?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hewson, Peter W.; Butler Kahle, Jane; Scantlebury, Kathryn; Davies, Darleen

2001-12-01

A central commitment of current reforms in science education is that all students, regardless of culture, gender, race, and/ or socioeconomic status, are capable of understanding and doing science. The study Bridging the Gap: Equity in Systemic Reform assessed equity in systemic reform using a nested research design that drew on both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. As part of the study, case studies were conducted in two urban middle schools in large Ohio cities. The purpose of the case studies was to identify factors affecting equity in urban science education reform. Data were analyzed using Kahle's (1998) equity metric. That model allowed us to assess progress toward equity using a range of research-based indicators grouped into three categories critical for equitable education: access to, retention in, and achievement in quality science education. In addition, a fourth category was defined for systemic indicators of equity. Analyses indicated that the culture and climate of the case study schools differentially affected their progress toward equitable reform in science education.

Bringing Science Public Outreach to Elementary Schools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, Lucas; Speck, A.; Tinnin, A.

2012-01-01

Many science "museums” already offer fantastic programs for the general public, and even some aimed at elementary school kids. However, these venues are usually located in large cities and are only occasionally used as tools for enriching science education in public schools. Here we present preliminary work to establish exciting educational enrichment environments for public schools that do not easily have access to such facilities. This program is aimed at motivating children's interest in science beyond what they learn in the classroom setting. In this program, we use the experience and experiments/demonstrations developed at a large science museum (in this case, The St. Louis Science Center) and take them into a local elementary school. At the same time, students from the University of Missouri are getting trained on how to present these outreach materials and work with the local elementary schools. Our pilot study has started with implementation of presentations/demonstrations at Benton Elementary School within the Columbia Public School district, Missouri. The school has recently adopted a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) centered learning system throughout all grade levels (K-5), and is therefore receptive to this effort. We have implemented a program in which we have given a series of scientific demonstrations at each grade level's lunch hour. Further enrichment ideas and plans include: addition demonstrations, hands-on experiments, and question and answer sessions. However, the application of these events would be to compliment the curriculum for the appropriate grade level at that time. The focus of this project is to develop public communications which links science museums, college students and local public schools with an emphasis on encouraging college science majors to share their knowledge and to strengthen their ability to work in a public environment.

Leadership and Collaboration in Complex Organizations: Principals' Interactions with Central Office in Two Large School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marietta, Geoff Eckman

2015-01-01

There is increasing pressure on the central office, particularly in large school districts, to improve student outcomes across schools and to close large achievement gaps between groups of students based largely on race and income (Louis, 2008; Honig 2012). Reforms intended to "raise the bar and close the gap" in student achievement are…

Competitive foods in schools: Availability and purchasing in predominately rural small and large high schools

PubMed Central

Nollen, Nicole L.; Befort, Christie; Davis, Ann McGrath; Snow, Tricia; Mahnken, Jonathan; Hou, Qingjiang; Story, Mary; Ahluwalia, Jasjit S.

2013-01-01

OBJECTIVES Schools have an important role to play in obesity prevention, but little is known about the food environment in small, predominately rural schools. The primary purpose of this study was to compare the availability and student purchasing of foods sold outside of the reimbursable meals program through a la carte (ALC) or vending (i.e., competitive foods) in small (n = 7) and large (n = 6) Kansas high schools. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study design was used to capture the number of ALC and vending items available and purchased, and the fat and caloric content of all available and purchased items on a single school day between January and May 2005. RESULTS Small schools had significantly fewer vending machines than large schools [median=3.0 (range=2.0–5.0) versus 6.5 (range=4.0–8.0), p<0.01]. Vending and ALC items at small schools contained a median of 2.3 fewer fat grams per item (p≤0.05), while vending products contained a median of 25.0 fewer calories per item (p≤0.05) than at large schools. Significantly less fat (median= −15.4 grams/student) and fewer calories (median= −306.8 kcal/student) were purchased per student from all competitive food sources and from ALC (median= −12.9 fat grams and −323.3 kcal/student) by students in small schools compared to students in large schools (p≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings, which highlight less availability and lower energy content from competitive foods at small compared to large schools, have implications for understanding how small schools support their food service programs with limited dependence on competitive foods and the impact that food and nutrition professionals can have on the school environment by providing more oversight into the nutritional quality of foods available. PMID:19394472

High School Closures in New York City: Impacts on Students' Academic Outcomes, Attendance, and Mobility. Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kemple, James J.

2015-01-01

In the first decade of the 21st century, the New York City (NYC) Department of Education implemented a set of large-scale and much debated high school reforms, which included closing large, low-performing schools, opening new small schools, and extending high school choice to students throughout the district. The school closure process was the…

High School Closures in New York City: Impacts on Students' Academic Outcomes, Attendance, and Mobility. Technical Appendices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kemple, James J.

2015-01-01

In the first decade of the 21st century, the New York City (NYC) Department of Education implemented a set of large-scale and much debated high school reforms, which included closing large, low-performing schools, opening new small schools, and extending high school choice to students throughout the district. The school closure process was the…

High School Closures in New York City: Impacts on Students' Academic Outcomes, Attendance, and Mobility. Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kemple, James J.

2015-01-01

In the first decade of the 21st century, the New York City (NYC) Department of Education implemented a set of large-scale and much debated high school reforms, which included closing large, low-performing schools, opening new small schools, and extending high school choice to students throughout the district. The school closure process was the…

Instructional Leadership Responsibilities of Assistant Principals in Large Texas High Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard-Schwind, Michelle

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent secondary assistant principals in large Texas high schools demonstrate behaviors consistent with what the literature describes as instructional leadership. Three hundred seventy principals and assistant principals of large Texas high schools participated in this study. The Principal…

Practical Applications of Data Processing to School Purchasing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California Association of School Business Officials, San Diego. Imperial Section.

Electronic data processing provides a fast and accurate system for handling large volumes of routine data. If properly employed, computers can perform myriad functions for purchasing operations, including purchase order writing; equipment inventory control; vendor inventory; and equipment acquisition, transfer, and retirement. The advantages of…

In the pursuit of inspiration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boerkamp, Martijn

2018-03-01

My passion for astronomy began as a child. Large parts of my years in elementary school were spent star-gazing, reading up on the solar system and the universe, as well as renting the video of the first Moon landing and watching it over and over again.

P-16: The Last Education Reform. Book One: Reflections on School Restructuring and the Establishment of Local Preschool through College Compacts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rochford, Joseph A.; O'Neill, Adrienne; Gelb, Adele; Ross, Kimberly J.

2005-01-01

The first in a series of three books on P-16 systems of education, P-16: The Last Education Reform chronicles the establishment of Ohio's first regional P-16 Compact and how one community began the process of large scale systemic education reform not just for K-12 education, but for its entire education system--preschool through college and…

Re-Examining the Way We Teach: The Earth System Science Education Alliance Online Courses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Botti, J. A.; Myers, R. J.

2003-12-01

Science education reform has skyrocketed over the last decade thanks in large part to the technology of the Internet, opening up dynamic new online communities of learners. It has allowed educators worldwide to share thoughts about Earth system science and reexamine the way science is taught. The Earth System Science Education Alliance (ESSEA) is one positive offshoot of this reform effort. This developing partnership among universities, colleges, and science education organizations is led by the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies and the Center for Educational TechnologiesTM at Wheeling Jesuit University. ESSEA's mission is to improve Earth system science education. ESSEA has developed three Earth system science courses for K-12 teachers. These online courses guide teachers into collaborative, student-centered science education experiences. Not only do these courses support teachers' professional development, they also help teachers implement Earth systems science content and age-appropriate pedagogical methods into their classrooms. The ESSEA semester-long courses are open to elementary, middle school, and high school educators. After three weeks of introductory content, teachers develop content and pedagogical and technological knowledge in four three-week learning cycles. The elementary school course focuses on basic Earth system interactions between land, life, air, and water. The middle school course stresses the effects of real-world events-volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, rainforest destruction-on Earth's lithosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere, using "jigsaw" to study the interactions between events, spheres, and positive and negative feedback loops. The high school course uses problem-based learning to examine critical areas of global change, such as coral reef degradation, ozone depletion, and climate change. This ESSEA presentation provides examples of learning environments from each of the three courses.

Leading a School through Change--Principals' Hands-on Leadership Strategies in School Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soini, Tiina; Pietarinen, Janne; Pyhältö, Kirsi

2016-01-01

Principal's hands-on strategies reflecting their theories of changing have a substantial effect on the development of their schools and on how the large-scale reform takes root. The study explores five comprehensive school principals' leadership strategies during a large-scale school reform in Finland. The principals' strategies in the middle of…

Does the school performance variable used in the International Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study reflect students' school grades?

PubMed

Felder-Puig, Rosemarie; Griebler, Robert; Samdal, Oddrun; King, Matthew A; Freeman, John; Duer, Wolfgang

2012-09-01

Given the pressure that educators and policy makers are under to achieve academic standards for students, understanding the relationship of academic success to various aspects of health is important. The international Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) questionnaire, being used in 41 countries with different school and grading systems, has contained an item assessing perceived school performance (PSP) since 1986. Whereas the test-retest reliability of this item has been reported previously, we determined its convergent and discriminant validity. This cross-sectional study used anonymous self-report data from Austrian (N = 266), Norwegian (N = 240), and Canadian (N = 9,717) samples. Students were between 10 and 17 years old. PSP responses were compared to the self-reported average school grades in 6 subjects (Austria) or 8 subjects (Norway), respectively, or to a general, 5-category-based appraisal of most recent school grades (Canada). Correlations between PSP and self-reported average school grade scores were between 0.51 and 0.65, representing large effect sizes. Differences between the median school grades in the 4 categories of the PSP item were statistically significant in all 3 samples. The PSP item showed predominantly small associations with some randomly selected HBSC items or scales designed to measure different concepts. The PSP item seems to be a valid and useful question that can distinguish groups of respondents that get good grades at school from those that do not. The meaning of PSP may be context-specific and may have different connotations across student populations from different countries with different school systems. © 2012, American School Health Association.

Number sense across the lifespan as revealed by a massive Internet-based sample

PubMed Central

Halberda, Justin; Ly, Ryan; Wilmer, Jeremy B.; Naiman, Daniel Q.; Germine, Laura

2012-01-01

It has been difficult to determine how cognitive systems change over the grand time scale of an entire life, as few cognitive systems are well enough understood; observable in infants, adolescents, and adults; and simple enough to measure to empower comparisons across vastly different ages. Here we address this challenge with data from more than 10,000 participants ranging from 11 to 85 years of age and investigate the precision of basic numerical intuitions and their relation to students’ performance in school mathematics across the lifespan. We all share a foundational number sense that has been observed in adults, infants, and nonhuman animals, and that, in humans, is generated by neurons in the intraparietal sulcus. Individual differences in the precision of this evolutionarily ancient number sense may impact school mathematics performance in children; however, we know little of its role beyond childhood. Here we find that population trends suggest that the precision of one’s number sense improves throughout the school-age years, peaking quite late at ∼30 y. Despite this gradual developmental improvement, we find very large individual differences in number sense precision among people of the same age, and these differences relate to school mathematical performance throughout adolescence and the adult years. The large individual differences and prolonged development of number sense, paired with its consistent and specific link to mathematics ability across the age span, hold promise for the impact of educational interventions that target the number sense. PMID:22733748

The Roland Maze Project — Cosmic Ray Registration at Schools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feder, J.; JȨDRZEJCZAK, K.; Karczmarczyk, J.; Lewandowski, R.; Swarzyński, J.; Szabelska, B.; Szabelski, J.; Tokarski, P.; Wibig, T.

Experimental studies of cosmic rays at the highest energies (above 1018 eV) are the main scientific goal of the projected large area network of extensive air shower detectors. Placing the detectors on the roofs of high school buildings will lower the cost by using the existing urban infrastructure (INTERNET, power supply, etc.), and can be a very efficient way of science popularisation by engaging high school students in the research program. 30 high schools in Łódź are already involved in the project. The project has recently obtained some financial support from the City Council of Łódź. The donation enabled us to start experimental work on detector construction details. A cycle of lectures and seminars devoted to different aspects of project realization (detector construction, on-line data acquisition system, C++ programming) has been organized for students at our Institute and at schools.

Comprehensive School Teachers' Professional Agency in Large-Scale Educational Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pyhältö, Kirsi; Pietarinen, Janne; Soini, Tiina

2014-01-01

This article explores how comprehensive school teachers' sense of professional agency changes in the context of large-scale national educational change in Finland. We analysed the premises on which teachers (n = 100) view themselves and their work in terms of developing their own school, catalysed by the large-scale national change. The study…

What Are Middle School Students Talking about during Clicker Questions? Characterizing Small-Group Conversations Mediated by Classroom Response Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barth-Cohen, Lauren A.; Smith, Michelle K.; Capps, Daniel K.; Lewin, Justin D.; Shemwell, Jonathan T.; Stetzer, MacKenzie R.

2016-01-01

There is a growing interest in using classroom response systems or clickers in science classrooms at both the university and K-12 levels. Typically, when instructors use this technology, students are asked to answer and discuss clicker questions with their peers. The existing literature on using clickers at the K-12 level has largely focused on…

Licensing the Sun

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Demski, Jennifer

2013-01-01

The University of San Diego (USD) and Point Loma Nazarene University (PLNU) are licensing the sun. Both California schools are generating solar power on campus without having to sink large amounts of capital into equipment and installation. By negotiating power purchasing agreements (PPAs) with Amsolar and Perpetual Energy Systems, respectively,…

A Study On School Practice Of Students In Field Teaching Master Of Arts Without Thesis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guzel, Hatice

2007-04-01

Teacher training and the quality of the trained teachers include a large number of problems about the education system and practices that are constantly on agenda in Turkey. Teacher candidates should be well trained in order to possess certain qualifications.

Mission Matters: The Cost of Small High Schools Revisited. IESP Working Paper #08-03

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stiefel, Leanna; Schwartz, Amy Ellen; Iatorola, Patrice; Chellman, Colin C.

2008-01-01

With the financial support of several large foundations and the federal government, creating small schools has become a prominent high school reform strategy in many large American cities. While some research supports this strategy, little research assesses the relative costs of these smaller schools. Data on over 200 New York City high schools,…

Comparing Approaches to Converting Large High Schools into Smaller Units

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levine, Thomas H

2011-01-01

Scholars and reformers in the United States have called for converting large high schools into smaller units to provide a more effective, personal, and culturally responsive education for all students. Current literature argues that such "conversion high schools" should break into fully autonomous small schools rather than more…

Medications at school: disposing of pharmaceutical waste.

PubMed

Taras, Howard; Haste, Nina M; Berry, Angela T; Tran, Jennifer; Singh, Renu F

2014-03-01

This project quantified and categorized medications left unclaimed by students at the end of the school year. It determined the feasibility of a model medication disposal program and assessed school nurses' perceptions of environmentally responsible medication disposal. At a large urban school district all unclaimed medications were collected at the end of a school year to determine the extent and nature of this problem. Nurses documented unclaimed medications and transported them to a central district location. An environmentally responsible medication disposal program, consisting of sealed containers bound for a local hospital's disposal system, was implemented. In a school district of approximately 133,000 students, there were 926 different medications abandoned at the end of a school year brought to a central disposal area. Nurses complied with the newly implemented protocol. Information collected from nurses indicates acceptance of the program. Disposal of unclaimed medications at a central location, use of secured containers, and transportation to a hospital for environmentally responsible disposal proved to be feasible and acceptable to the staff. Unclaimed medications at school each year pose a potentially huge environmental risk when disposed of improperly. It is feasible to implement an environmentally responsible medication disposal protocol at schools. © 2014, American School Health Association.

Engaging high school students as plasma science outreach ambassadors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wendt, Amy; Boffard, John

2017-10-01

Exposure to plasma science among future scientists and engineers is haphazard. In the U.S., plasma science is rare (or absent) in mainstream high school and introductory college physics curricula. As a result, talented students may be drawn to other careers simply due to a lack of awareness of the stimulating science and wide array of fulfilling career opportunities involving plasmas. In the interest of enabling informed decisions about career options, we have initiated an outreach collaboration with the Madison West High School Rocket Club. Rocket Club members regularly exhibit their activities at public venues, including large-scale expos that draw large audiences of all ages. Building on their historical emphasis on small scale rockets with chemical motors, we worked with the group to add a new feature to their exhibit that highlights plasma-based spacecraft propulsion for interplanetary probes. This new exhibit includes a model satellite with a working (low power) plasma thruster. The participating high school students led the development process, to be described, and enthusiastically learned to articulate concepts related to plasma thruster operation and to compare the relative advantages of chemical vs. plasma/electrical propulsion systems for different scenarios. Supported by NSF Grant PHY-1617602.

WeaVR: a self-contained and wearable immersive virtual environment simulation system.

PubMed

Hodgson, Eric; Bachmann, Eric R; Vincent, David; Zmuda, Michael; Waller, David; Calusdian, James

2015-03-01

We describe WeaVR, a computer simulation system that takes virtual reality technology beyond specialized laboratories and research sites and makes it available in any open space, such as a gymnasium or a public park. Novel hardware and software systems enable HMD-based immersive virtual reality simulations to be conducted in any arbitrary location, with no external infrastructure and little-to-no setup or site preparation. The ability of the WeaVR system to provide realistic motion-tracked navigation for users, to improve the study of large-scale navigation, and to generate usable behavioral data is shown in three demonstrations. First, participants navigated through a full-scale virtual grocery store while physically situated in an open grass field. Trajectory data are presented for both normal tracking and for tracking during the use of redirected walking that constrained users to a predefined area. Second, users followed a straight path within a virtual world for distances of up to 2 km while walking naturally and being redirected to stay within the field, demonstrating the ability of the system to study large-scale navigation by simulating virtual worlds that are potentially unlimited in extent. Finally, the portability and pedagogical implications of this system were demonstrated by taking it to a regional high school for live use by a computer science class on their own school campus.

Designing learning environments to promote student learning: ergonomics in all but name.

PubMed

Smith, Thomas J

2013-01-01

This report introduces evidence for the conclusion that a common theme underlies almost all proposed solutions for improving the performance of K-12 students, namely their reliance on the design of educational system environments, features and operations. Two categories of design factors impacting such performance are addressed: (1) 9 factors reliably shown to have a strong influence - namely environmental design of classroom and building facilities, longer exposure to learning, cooperative learning designs, early childhood education, teaching quality, nutritional adequacy, participation in physical activity, good physical fitness, and school-community integration; and (2) 11 factors with an equivocal, varied or weak influence - classroom technology, online learning environments, smaller class size, school choice, school funding, school size, school start times, teacher training level, amount of homework, student self-confidence and informal learning. It is concluded that: (1) student learning outcomes, and more broadly the edifice of education itself, are largely defined in terms of an extensive system of design factors and conditions; (2) the time is long overdue for the educational system to acknowledge the central role of E/HF design as the major influence on student performance and learning; and (3) K-12 educators and administrators should emphasize allocation of resources to design factors reliably shown to have a strongly positive impact on student performance, but should treat expenditure on factors with equivocal, varied or weak influence on such performance with more caution and/or skepticism.

Connecting with guidance counselors to enhance recruitment into nursing of minority teens.

PubMed

Campbell-Heider, Nancy; Sackett, Kay; Whistler, M Patricia

2008-01-01

The purpose of this article was to describe the design, implementation, and outcomes of one strategy used to promote careers in nursing among minority high-school-aged teens-namely, a workshop for guidance counselors in a large urban school system. All guidance counselors in an urban inner city school system were invited to attend a workshop on careers in nursing as part of their monthly continuing education requirements. Thirty-nine (39%) participated in the half-day workshop held at a school of nursing. Most informative were the guidance counselor comments about perceptions of nursing careers that create barriers to recruitment. Guidance counselors reported that (a) many students and parents view nursing as a "dangerous field," (b) negative stereotypes about nursing persist, (c) many students do not plan for the prerequisites for baccalaureate entrance, (d) nursing is perceived as a "narrow" field with few opportunities for advancement, and (e) there is a preference of 2-year programs to get "quick income" over baccalaureate programs and long-term career planning. Faculty and students addressed these issues. Faculty collaboration with guidance counselors is an excellent mechanism to uncover barriers to minority recruitment at the local level. Nursing recruitment activities should be tailored to address these community concerns. In the last 4 years, 24 students from the targeted high school system were offered admission to the University at Buffalo and of this group 17 enrolled in nursing.

The High Cost of Failing to Reform Public Education in Texas. School Choice Issues in the State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gottlob, Brian J.

2008-01-01

Research has documented a crisis in Texas high school graduation rates. Only 67 percent of Texas students graduate from high school, and some large urban districts have graduation rates of 50 percent or lower. This study documents the public costs of high school dropouts in Texas and examines how school choice could provide large public benefits…

The Impact of Effective Scheduling on the Climate and Culture in a Large Comprehensive High School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hayes, Matthew

2013-01-01

Scheduling in any school or organization plays a vital role in the effectiveness that stakeholders' needs are met. The administration at a large comprehensive high school in the Charlotte Mecklenburg School District realized that in order for their school to meet the changing needs of its student body, it had to build a culture and climate that…

Reconsidering Replication: New Perspectives on Large-Scale School Improvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peurach, Donald J.; Glazer, Joshua L.

2012-01-01

The purpose of this analysis is to reconsider organizational replication as a strategy for large-scale school improvement: a strategy that features a "hub" organization collaborating with "outlet" schools to enact school-wide designs for improvement. To do so, we synthesize a leading line of research on commercial replication to construct a…

Mission Matters: The Cost of Small High Schools Revisited

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stiefel, Leanna; Schwartz, Amy Ellen; Iatarola, Patrice; Chellman, Colin C.

2009-01-01

With the financial support of several large foundations and the federal government, creating small schools has become a prominent high school reform strategy in many large American cities. While some research supports this strategy, little research assesses the relative costs of these smaller schools. We use data on over 200 New York City high…

Elementary Principals as Developers vs. Deliverers of District Instructional Decisions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fields, Joshua Paul

2012-01-01

The purpose of this heuristic case study, also informed through the tradition of critical systems theory was to explore elementary principals' "voices" in instructional decisions made by central office administrators at a large suburban school district in a Midwestern State. Six elementary principals were interviewed for this study.…

The Educational Effects of Rapid Rural Population Growth.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ross, Peggy J.; Green, Bernal L.

Rapid population growth in rural areas has confronted rural communities and particularly rural educational systems with a number of problems. Sudden, large increases in students crowd school facilities and strain budgets. The different values, attitudes, and orientations toward education of the newcomers act as a catalyst for changes and can cause…

Working Conditions: Job Design. Working Paper #4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gersten, Russell; And Others

This summary report presents an integration of findings on teachers' perceptions of their working conditions, based on survey and interview data from special educators in six large urban school districts. Emphasis is on perceptions of problems related to job design, the highly interrelated set of structures, systems, and processes intended to…

Using Computers in Early Childhood Classrooms: Teachers' Attitudes, Skills and Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Jie-Qi; Chang, Charles

2006-01-01

To better prepare early childhood teachers for computer use, more information about their current skills and classroom practices is needed. Sampling from a large metropolitan public school system in the USA, the study surveyed 297 state pre-kindergarten teachers, gathering information about their attitudes, skills, and instructional methods…

Montessori Education: An Idea Whose Time Has Come?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torrence, Martha

2012-01-01

Educational institutions change slowly, and sometimes superficially at best. Large public (and sometimes smaller private) systems can be highly resistant to deep change. Schools are notorious for rearranging the desk chairs for a while, then reverting back to something very close to the original design. Even the most well-intentioned of…

Indigenous Education and Empowerment: International Perspectives. Contemporary Native American Communities #17

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abu-Saad, Ismael, Ed.; Champagne, Duane, Ed.

2006-01-01

Indigenous people have often been confronted with education systems that ignore their cultural and historical perspectives. Largely unsuccessful projects of assimilation have been the predominant outcome of indigenous communities' encounters with state schools, as many indigenous students fail to conform to mainstream cultural norms. This…

Health Education as a Component of an Epidemiologic Survey.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calkins, Beverly; Williams, Phyllis M.

1983-01-01

Health education was an important part of the screening phase of a large epidemiological survey of school children's blood pressure. After children's height, weight, and blood pressure were measured, they were directed to displays of educational materials which explained the cardiovascular system and stressed the importance of blood pressure…

An Experimental Approach to Teaching and Learning Elementary Statistical Mechanics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ellis, Frank B.; Ellis, David C.

2008-01-01

Introductory statistical mechanics is studied for a simple two-state system using an inexpensive and easily built apparatus. A large variety of demonstrations, suitable for students in high school and introductory university chemistry courses, are possible. This article details demonstrations for exothermic and endothermic reactions, the dynamic…

Competency-Based Education in Three Pilot Programs: Examining Implementation and Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steele, Jennifer L.; Lewis, Matthew W.; Santibanez, Lucrecia; Faxon-Mills, Susannah; Rudnick, Mollie; Stecher, Brian M.; Hamilton, Laura S.

2014-01-01

In 2011, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation created the Project Mastery grant program to support competency-based education initiatives in large school systems that serve a high proportion of disadvantaged youth. Competency-based education meets students where they are academically, provides students with opportunities for choice, and awards…

Cooperative Driver Education and Safety Training. Coordinator's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seyfarth, John T.; And Others

Characteristics of the cooperative approach which give this program advantages of low-cost, high-quality, flexible driver-training accessible to more students are: (1) use of technological teaching aids, permitting large class enrollment; (2) shared operating costs and capital investment among cooperating schools or systems; (3) reduced capital…

Investigating the Impact of Field Trips on Teachers' Mathematical Problem Posing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Courtney, Scott A.; Caniglia, Joanne; Singh, Rashmi

2014-01-01

This study examines the impact of field trip experiences on teachers' mathematical problem posing. Teachers from a large urban public school system in the Midwest participated in a professional development program that incorporated experiential learning with mathematical problem formulation experiences. During 2 weeks of summer 2011, 68 teachers…

Public Education Finances: 1949-1985.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Denzau, Arthur

As a part of an overall study of large-scale communications satellite systems for education, an estimate was made of the amount of money available for media-technology for the next five to fifteen years. Information was gathered on public educational expenditures in the United States. Public elementary and secondary school expenditures were…

Rescuing Middle School Astronomy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mayo, L. A.; Janney, D.

2010-12-01

There is a crisis in education at the middle school level (Spellings, 2006). Recent studies point to large disparities in middle school performance in schools with high minority populations. The largest disparities exist in areas of math and science. Astronomy has a universal appeal for K-12 students but is rarely taught at the middle school level. When it is taught at all it is usually taught in isolation with few references in other classes such as other sciences (e.g. physics, biology, and chemistry), math, history, geography, music, art, or English. The problem is greatest in our most challenged school districts. With scores in reading and math below national averages in these schools and with most state achievement tests ignoring subjects like astronomy, there is little room in the school day to teach about the world outside our atmosphere. Add to this the exceedingly minimal training and education in astronomy that most middle school teachers have and it is a rare school that includes any astronomy teaching at all. In this presentation, we show how to develop and offer an astronomy education training program for middle school teachers encompassing a wide range of educational disciplines that are frequently taught at the middle school level. The prototype for this program was developed and launched in two of the most challenged and diverse school systems in the country; D.C. Public Schools, and Montgomery County (MD) Public Schools.

Lifelong learning as an instrument for human capital development in Benin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Biao, Idowu

2015-10-01

A review of the Benin education system shows that it is still heavily school-based. Yet, a high level of wastage is currently being recorded at school level (about 50% success rate at primary level, about 40% success rate at high school level and about 1% enrolment rate of qualified candidates and success rate at tertiary level), leading to the unintentional creation of a large population of unskilled and unproductive youths and adults. Integrated education systems which hold great potential and opportunities for both initial and continuing education remain hardly explored and virtually untapped. Yet, the challenges of the 21st century are such that only the unveiling and continuous cultivation of multi-faceted human capital can help individual citizens lead both a productive and fulfilled life. Formal education alone or non-formal education alone, irrespective of how well each is delivered, is no longer sufficient in facing up to the multifarious challenges of the 21st century. If education is to serve Benin beneficially in this century, the current national system of education must be reoriented to free up citizens' human capital through the implementation of an integrated educational system. This article proposes a new national education system which is rooted in the concept of lifelong learning and combines formal and non-formal systems of education for Benin.

What Is Your Bench Strength? An Exploration of Succession Planning in Three Large School Districts in a Southeastern State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riddick, Francine Piscitelli

2009-01-01

Large school districts face a number of challenges due to their sheer size. One of these challenges involves staffing the role of the principal. With Baby Boomers reaching retirement age, large school districts, especially those experiencing growth, have to fill numerous leadership positions. In order to fill these positions efficiently and…

The Differential Effect of Basic Mathematics Skills Homework via a Web-Based Intelligent Tutoring System across Achievement Subgroups and Mathematics Domains: A Randomized Field Experiment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bartelet, Dimona; Ghysels, Joris; Groot, Wim; Haelermans, Carla; van den Brink, Henriëtte Maassen

2016-01-01

This article examines an educational experiment with a unique combination of 3 elements: homework, the use of information and communication technology and a large degree of freedom of choice (student autonomy). More particularly, we study the effectiveness of a web-based intelligent tutoring system (ITS) that a school offers to its students as…

XM1 Gunnery Training and Aptitude Requirements Analyses

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-02-01

of the XML tank weapons system. Army materiel systems such as the XK tank are initiated, developed, de - ployed, supported, modified and disposed in...Analysis ( TASA ) to satisfy the FEA requirement. Users of the TASA at the Armor School were uniformly critical of the work. Generally described as...inaccurate, incomplete and to a large extent, obsolete the TASA failed to provide the information necessary for addressing the concerns of future operators

Design description report for a photovoltaic power system for a remote satellite earth terminal

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Marshall, N. A.; Naff, G. J.

1987-01-01

A photovoltaic (PV) power system has been installed as an adjunct to an agricultural school at Wawatobi on the large northern island of the Republic of Indonesia. Its purpose is to provide power for a satellite earth station and a classroom. The renewable energy developed supports the video and audio teleconferencing systems as well as the facility at large. The ground station may later be used to provide telephone service. The installation was made in support of the Agency for International Development's Rural Satellite Program, whose purpose is to demonstrate the use of satellite communications for rural development assistance applications. The objective of this particular PV power system is to demonstrate the suitability of a hybrid PV engine-generator configuration for remote satellite earth stations.

A multi-period capacitated school location problem with modular equipment and closest assignment considerations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Delmelle, Eric M.; Thill, Jean-Claude; Peeters, Dominique; Thomas, Isabelle

2014-07-01

In rapidly growing urban areas, it is deemed vital to expand (or contract) an existing network of public facilities to meet anticipated changes in the level of demand. We present a multi-period capacitated median model for school network facility location planning that minimizes transportation costs, while functional costs are subject to a budget constraint. The proposed Vintage Flexible Capacitated Location Problem (ViFCLP) has the flexibility to account for a minimum school-age closing requirement, while the maximum capacity of each school can be adjusted by the addition of modular units. Non-closest assignments are controlled by the introduction of a parameter penalizing excess travel. The applicability of the ViFCLP is illustrated on a large US school system (Charlotte-Mecklenburg, North Carolina) where high school demand is expected to grow faster with distance to the city center. Higher school capacities and greater penalty on travel impedance parameter reduce the number of non-closest assignments. The proposed model is beneficial to policy makers seeking to improve the provision and efficiency of public services over a multi-period planning horizon.

Neighborhood, Family and Individual Influences on School Physical Victimization

PubMed Central

Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne

2013-01-01

Few studies on the correlates of school violence include school and neighborhood influences. We use ecological systems theory and social disorganization theory to simultaneously incorporate neighborhood (e.g., concentrated poverty, residential instability, and immigrant concentration), school, family, and individual predictors of physical school victimization longitudinally among a large socio-economically and ethnically diverse (49% Hispanic; 34% African American) sample of 6 and 9 year olds (49% female) from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN). These children were followed up at Wave II at ages 8 and 11 (n=1425). Results of Hierarchical Generalized Linear Models reveal neighborhood residential instability increases school victimization net of family and individual correlates. Furthermore, cross-level interactions were also supported where residential family mobility has a stronger risk influence in areas of high residential instability. Also, the influence of residential family mobility is decreased in areas with higher levels of immigrant concentration. We also found cross-context connections where parent-to-child aggression in the home is connected to a higher risk of victimization at school. The role of neighborhood and family residential instability on victimization warrants further research. PMID:23263822

A review of the integration of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine into the curriculum of South African medical schools

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Traditional, complementary and alternative (TCAM) medicine is consumed by a large majority of the South African population. In the context of increasing overall demand for healthcare this paper investigates the extent to which South African medical schools have incorporated TCAM into their curriculum because of the increased legislative and policy interest in formally incorporating TCAM into the health care system since democracy in 1994. Methods Heads of School from seven South African medical schools were surveyed telephonically. Results One school was teaching both Traditional African Medicine (TM) and CAM, five were teaching either TM or CAM and another was not teaching any aspect of TCAM. Conclusions In conclusion, there is a paucity of curricula which incorporate TCAM. Medical schools have not responded to government policies or the contextual realities by incorporating TCAM into the curriculum for their students. South African medical schools need to review their curricula to increase their students’ knowledge of TCAM given the demands of the population and the legislative realities. PMID:24575843

Math and Science Academic Success in Three Large, Diverse, Urban High Schools: A Teachers' Story

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKenzie, Kathryn Bell; Skrla, Linda; Scheurich, James Joseph; Rice, Delores; Hawes, Daniel P.

2011-01-01

Large, traditional urban high schools are among the most difficult education environments in the United States. These schools, which serve a high percentage of the Black and Latino students in the United States, often have low academic performance, high dropout rates, high teacher and school leader turnover, and inexperienced teachers. They often…

78 FR 20258 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Fisheries

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-04

... landings data. The adjusted limit for HMS Charter/Headboat vessels is one school BFT and one large school... regulations. NMFS is required under ATCA and the Magnuson-Stevens Act to provide U.S. fishing vessels with a... default Angling category daily retention limit of one school, large school, or small medium BFT (measuring...

School Exits in the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program: Evidence of a Marketplace?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ford, Michael

2011-01-01

This article examines whether the large number of school exits from the Milwaukee school voucher program is evidence of a marketplace. Two logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression models tested the relation between the inability to draw large numbers of voucher students and the ability for a private school to remain viable. Data on…

Teacher Turnover in High-Poverty Schools: What We Know and Can Do

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simon, Nicole S.; Johnson, Susan Moore

2015-01-01

Background/Context: Over the past three decades, teacher turnover has increased substantially in U.S. public schools, especially in those serving large portions of low-income students of color. Teachers who choose to leave high-poverty schools serving large numbers of students of color usually transfer to schools serving wealthier, Whiter student…

Demographic patterns and trends in Central Ghana: baseline indicators from the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System

PubMed Central

Owusu-Agyei, Seth; Nettey, Obed Ernest A.; Zandoh, Charles; Sulemana, Abubakari; Adda, Robert; Amenga-Etego, Seeba; Mbacke, Cheikh

2012-01-01

Background The dearth of health and demographic data in sub-Saharan Africa from vital registration systems and its impact on effective planning for health and socio-economic development is widely documented. Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems have the capacity to address the dearth of quality data for policy making in resource-poor settings. Objective This article demonstrates the utility of the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS) by showing the patterns and trends of population change from 2005 to 2009 in the Kintampo North Municipality and Kintampo South districts of Ghana through data obtained from the KHDSS biannual update rounds. Design Basic demographic rates for fertility, mortality, and migration were computed by year. School enrolment was computed as a percentage in school by age and sex for 6–18 year-olds. Socio-economic status was derived by use of Principal Components Analysis on household assets. Results Over the period, an earlier fertility decline was reversed in 2009; mortality declined slightly for all age-groups, and a significant share of working-age population was lost through out-migration. Large minorities of children of school-going age are not in school. Socio-economic factors are shown to be important determinants of fertility and mortality. Conclusion Strengthening the capacity of HDSSs could offer added value to evidence-driven policymaking at local level. PMID:23273249

Demographic patterns and trends in Central Ghana: baseline indicators from the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System.

PubMed

Owusu-Agyei, Seth; Nettey, Obed Ernest A; Zandoh, Charles; Sulemana, Abubakari; Adda, Robert; Amenga-Etego, Seeba; Mbacke, Cheikh

2012-12-20

The dearth of health and demographic data in sub-Saharan Africa from vital registration systems and its impact on effective planning for health and socio-economic development is widely documented. Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems have the capacity to address the dearth of quality data for policy making in resource-poor settings. This article demonstrates the utility of the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS) by showing the patterns and trends of population change from 2005 to 2009 in the Kintampo North Municipality and Kintampo South districts of Ghana through data obtained from the KHDSS biannual update rounds. Basic demographic rates for fertility, mortality, and migration were computed by year. School enrolment was computed as a percentage in school by age and sex for 6-18 year-olds. Socio-economic status was derived by use of Principal Components Analysis on household assets. Over the period, an earlier fertility decline was reversed in 2009; mortality declined slightly for all age-groups, and a significant share of working-age population was lost through out-migration. Large minorities of children of school-going age are not in school. Socio-economic factors are shown to be important determinants of fertility and mortality. Strengthening the capacity of HDSSs could offer added value to evidence-driven policymaking at local level.

UPSeis - Visiting Seismographs for K-12 Schools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wagner, S. R.; Len, S.; Pennington, W. D.

2004-12-01

Upper Peninsula Seismic Experiments in Schools (UPSeis) is an educational program developed to engage K-12 students in hands-on activities learning about earthquakes and Earth science. The system is intended to enhance teaching earth sciences to students, typically using teleseismic and regional earthquakes recorded directly in the classroom. This seismograph is computer-based and self-contained, requiring no hook-ups to the Internet or to advanced timing devices. It is easy to operate and relatively inexpensive to purchase. The UPSeis curriculum is designed so that a seismograph operates in a classroom for two or three months at a time, allowing the recording of at least 2 to 3 very large earthquakes somewhere in the world. The system comes with classroom activities, which are broken into several units, such as 'Seismic Waves', 'The UPSeis Technique' and 'Earthquake Hazards'. Within each unit, activities are rated for the appropriate grade level. All of the units have also been correlated to the Michigan Content Standards, and are easily adaptable to other state educational content standards as well. Our intention is to assist teachers and volunteers with bringing earth science into the classroom, by making it easier to obtain and operate seismographs. Ideally, a sponsor (University or Company) will pay for a system and any related costs. We further plan to train volunteers at conferences and meetings (such as AGU or SEG) in order to train them on a system and provide them with the knowledge required to assist teachers in the classroom. The volunteer would be available to come into the school and work with the teacher and students on some of the activities, particularly after they have recorded an earthquake. In addition, the volunteer would rotate their system between local area schools every 2 or 3 months. This allows teachers to use the system for a few months without the concern for maintenance of a permanent system. For schools interested in having a permanent system, they would be referred to IRIS, MichSeis, PEPP, or similar group.

Geographical information systems as a tool for monitoring tobacco industry advertising.

PubMed

Vardavas, C I; Connolly, G N; Kafatos, A G

2009-06-01

Although the use of a geographical information systems (GIS) approach is usually applied to epidemiological disease outbreaks and environmental exposure mapping, it has significant potential as a tobacco control research tool in monitoring point-of-purchase (POP) tobacco advertising. An ecological study design approach was applied so as to primarily evaluate and interpret the spatial density and intensity of POP and tobacco industry advertisements within <300 m to high schools in Greece with the application of GIS methodology combining mapping, photographing and global positioning data. The GIS approach identified 133 POP and 44 billboards within 300 m of the school gates of Heraklion schools. On average 13 POP (range 4-21) and 4.4 billboards (range 1-9) were located per school, and all had at least 1 POP within 20 m of the school gate. On average (SD) 9 (6) tobacco advertisements per POP (range 0-25) were noted, and 80% of them were below child height. The GIS protocol identified that kiosks, that were excepted from the Greek ban on tobacco advertising, in comparison to other POP, were found not only to be closer and visible from the school gates (44.1% vs 10.8%, p<0.001) but were also found to have more external advertisements (8 (5) vs 5 (3), p<0.001). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a GIS system in monitoring tobacco industry advertising on a large population-based scale and implies its use as a standardised method for monitoring tobacco industry strategies and tobacco control efforts.

The Effects of School Facility Quality on Teacher Retention in Urban School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buckley, Jack; Schneider, Mark; Shang, Yi

2004-01-01

The attrition of both new and experienced teachers is a great challenge for schools and school administrators throughout the United States, particularly in large urban districts. Because of the importance of this issue, there is a large empirical literature that investigates why teachers quit and how they might be better induced to stay. Here we…

Empty Promises: A Case Study of Restructuring and the Exclusion of English Language Learners in Two Brooklyn High Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, 2009

2009-01-01

Since 2002, the New York City Department of Education (DOE) has attempted to reverse the city's severe drop-out crisis through a large scale restructuring of high schools, focused mainly on closing large, comprehensive high schools and replacing them with small high schools that offer a more personalized learning environment. Unfortunately, this…

Psychometric Support of the School Climate Measure in a Large, Diverse Sample of Adolescents: A Replication and Extension

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zullig, Keith J.; Collins, Rani; Ghani, Nadia; Patton, Jon M.; Huebner, E. Scott; Ajamie, Jean

2014-01-01

Background: The School Climate Measure (SCM) was developed and validated in 2010 in response to a dearth of psychometrically sound school climate instruments. This study sought to further validate the SCM on a large, diverse sample of Arizona public school adolescents (N = 20,953). Methods: Four SCM domains (positive student-teacher relationships,…

Understanding Sarason's concepts of school cultures and change: joining a community in school improvement efforts.

PubMed

Lorion, Raymond P

2011-12-01

This paper describes an evolving transformative partnership between a large comprehensive university, an urban school system and a predominantly African-American, low-income neighborhood. The partnership's originating intent was to apply an array of university, civic and local resources to improve the academic performance of a neighborhood's schools and the health, welfare and economic well-being of its residents. The extent to which that partnership would precipitate transactional (Sameroff and Fiese, Handbook of early childhood intervention, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 119-149 in 1990) synergies among the partners was unanticipated; the long-term implications for each of the partners of such unfamiliar interactional processes remain unclear but are being systematically monitored over time. Evident at this point, however, it that a process has been initiated that has impacted how the university community, the local public school system, city government and the target neighborhood relate to each other, collaborate with each other and are changing each other. The pace of that process has varied over the years and challenged each partners' expectations and assumptions about the nature and consequences of their involvement. With time and perseverance, however, it appears that all are moving toward a sense of mutual learning and trust and toward extending to each other the benefit of the doubt. This paper discusses the evolution of that process and its implications for university-school-community collaborations.

Sense of Efficacy in Beginning Teachers Participating in an Alternative Certification Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKinney, Daniel Lee

2014-01-01

Despite the widespread use of alternatively certified personnel by school systems to address shortages of highly qualified teachers, alternative certification programs (ACPs) have appeared largely inconsistent in design and lacked research in effectiveness. Hence, benefit could be gained in evaluating the competency of ACP participants in terms of…

Urban Districts Compare Notes on Operation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aarons, Dakarai I.

2009-01-01

Urban school systems are large businesses, charged with running a wide range of noninstructional functions that typically do not garner them much national notice. Now, thanks to the work of a coalition of big-city districts, their leaders are gathering data on how those operations are run, in the hope of improving their business practices. The…

Workplace-Based Competence Measurement: Developing Innovative Assessment Systems for Tomorrow's VET Programmes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Achtenhagen, Frank; Winther, Esther

2014-01-01

As a consequence of the large-scale assessment studies (TIMMS; PISA) in compulsory schooling, attention is now being given to the modelling and measurement of competencies in initial vocational education and training. This new output-led perspective of teaching/training and learning/working processes demands new approaches to research. Using the…

The Conceptualization and Measurement of Equity in School Finance in Virginia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Verstegen, Deborah A.; Salmon, Richard G.

1989-01-01

Employed various statistical techniques to measure fiscal equity in Virginia. The new state aid system for financing education was unable to mitigate large and increasing disparities in education revenues between more and less affluent localities and a strong and growing linkage between revenue and wealth. Includes 34 footnotes. (MLH)

In Search of Leadership: What Happened to Management?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mertkan, Sefika

2014-01-01

Significant changes have taken place in the governance of education systems around the world. Shifts in education policy have led to a focus towards reform through leadership development and away from school management analysis. This shift in policy from management to leadership has fostered a large number of academic studies presenting a…

Understanding How Principals Use Data Dashboards to Inform Systemic School Improvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marker, Kathryn Christner

2016-01-01

Because data access may be perceived by principals as overwhelming or irrelevant rather than helpful (Wayman, Spikes, & Volonnino, 2013), data access does not guarantee effective data use. The data-based decision making literature has largely focused on teacher use of data, considering less often data-based organizational improvements for the…

Competency-Based Education in Three Pilot Programs: What It Is, How It's Implemented, and How It's Working. Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steele, Jennifer L.; Lewis, Matthew W.; Santibanez, Lucrecia; Faxon-Mills, Susannah; Rudnick, Mollie; Stecher, Brian M.; Hamilton, Laura S.

2014-01-01

In 2011, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation extended grants to three educational organizations working to develop or enhance competency-based approaches in large, urbanized school systems. The grant initiative, called Project Mastery, funded the development of technology-enhanced tools, including curriculum materials and online learning…

The Genesis of Transactional Strategies Instruction in a Reading Program for At-Risk Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schuder, Ted

1993-01-01

Describes the problem-solving response of the staff of a large public school system to at-risk students' low achievement and lack of access to the district's enriched reading and language arts curriculum. Examines the development and implementation of the Students Achieving Independent Learning (SAIL) program. (MDM)

Missing Children in Educational Research: Investigating School-Based versus Household-Based Assessments in India

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodnight, Melissa Rae; Bobde, Savitri

2018-01-01

Including all children in large-scale educational studies is a pressing concern. Omitting certain types of children from studies can lead to skewed findings that promote inaccuracies about learning levels or educational quality. Increasingly, assessments are a method for investigating the quality of education systems, but national assessments are…

Systemic Inequities in Special Education Financing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conlin, Michael; Jalilevand, Meg

2015-01-01

Since the implementation of IDEA in 1975, as spending on education has continued to grow, a large portion of that spending has been dedicated to students with special needs. This study uses a panel dataset of local and intermediate school districts to examine the complex special education funding and delivery scheme in the State of Michigan. Using…

History, Context, and Policies of a Learning Object Repository

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simpson, Steven Marshall

2016-01-01

Learning object repositories, a form of digital libraries, are robust systems that provide educators new ways to search for educational resources, collaborate with peers, and provide instruction to students in unique and varied ways. This study examines a learning object repository created by a large suburban school district to increase teaching…

Impacts of a Prekindergarten Program on Children's Mathematics, Language, Literacy, Executive Function, and Emotional Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiland, Christina; Yoshikawa, Hirokazu

2013-01-01

Publicly funded prekindergarten programs have achieved small-to-large impacts on children's cognitive outcomes. The current study examined the impact of a prekindergarten program that implemented a coaching system and consistent literacy, language, and mathematics curricula on these and other nontargeted, essential components of school readiness,…

Program Development: Identification and Formulation of Desirable Educational Goals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodlad, John I.

In this speech, the author suggests that the success of public schools depends heavily on commitment to and large-scale agreement on educational goals. He examines the difficulty in creating rational programs to carry out specific behavioral goals and the more remote ends usually stated for educational systems. The author then discusses the…

Implementing Intensive Intervention: How Do We Get There from Here?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zumeta, Rebecca O.

2015-01-01

Despite years of school reform intended to help students reach high academic standards, students with disabilities continue to struggle, suggesting a need for more intensive intervention as a part of special education and multi-tiered systems of support. At the same time, greater inclusion of students with disabilities in large-scale assessment,…

A Match between University Professors and School Inspectors? Innovation and Stagnation in the Physical Education Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vangrunderbeek, Hans; Delheye, Pascal

2014-01-01

During the 1960s and 1970s, "traditional" secondary educational systems in various Western European countries made way for comprehensive education curricula. In contrast to the reforms within the "intellectual" subjects, the field of physical education (PE) remained largely underexposed in research. This study focuses on PE…

Monopolising the STEM Agenda in Second-Level Schools: Exploring Power Relations and Subject Subcultures

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McGarr, Oliver; Lynch, Raymond

2017-01-01

The ubiquitous and often pervasive expansion of the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) agenda across global education systems has largely gone uncontested. Strategic efforts to build on perceived natural subject synergies across the separate STEM disciplines are promoted as central to supporting the growth of economies through…

Application of a Multitiered System of Support with English Language Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vanderwood, Mike L.; Tung, Catherine; Arellano, Elizabeth

2014-01-01

This study examined the effects of a phonological awareness (PA) intervention on the phonological and alphabetic principle skills of first-grade English language learners (ELLs). Nine first-grade classrooms in two large elementary schools were screened with DIBELS Phoneme Segmentation Fluency (PSF) and Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) in the fall and…

Drowning in Data but Thirsty for Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roderick, Melissa

2012-01-01

This commentary frames the importance of the topic of this special issue by highlighting the changes that have occurred in school systems around data use, particularly in large urban districts, and the need for a more rigorous evidence base. Collectively, the articles in this volume provide a jumping-off point for such a research agenda around…

Merit Pay for Teachers. ERS Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Educational Research Service, Arlington, VA.

This report is one of three companion reports of the results of a study on merit pay and incentive plans for teachers, and for administrators and support personnel as well. The data in these studies are reported separately by four school system enrollment groups (large, medium, small, and very small) and, in many tables, by eight geographic…

A Democratic Constitution for Public Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, Paul T.; Jochim, Ashley E.

2014-01-01

America's education system faces a stark dilemma: it needs governmental oversight, rules and regulations, but it also needs to be adaptable enough to address student needs and the many different problems that can arise at any given school--something that large educational bureaucracies are notoriously bad at. Paul Hill and Ashley Jochim offer here…

Student Thoughts and Perceptions on Curriculum Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

VanderJagt, Douglas D.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine how students experience and respond to Michigan's increased graduation requirements. The study was conducted in a large, suburban high school that instituted a change to a trimester system in response to the state mandate. A criterion-based sample of 16 students, both college bound and…

Professional Development to Enhance Instructional Leadership and Practice of Central Office Administrators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCue, Cheryl A. R.

2016-01-01

Decades of research and practice suggest that educational administrators need to experience opportunities for professional development and continuous learning. This project study addressed the problem regarding the lack of a formal or systemic plan for professional development of central office administrators in a large suburban school district in…

Financial Inequity in Basic Education in Selected OECD Countries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhang, Yu; Mizunoya, Suguru; You, You; Tsang, Mun

2011-01-01

This is a study of financial disparities in primary and secondary education in OECD countries that have a relatively large population and a school finance system with decentralized features. These countries include the United States, Britain, Australia, Spain, Canada, and Japan. There are two major research questions: What are the trends in…

Promoting Children's and Adolescents' Social and Emotional Development: District Adaptations of a Theory of Action.

PubMed

Kendziora, Kimberly; Osher, David

2016-01-01

This article contributes to the broader discussion of promotion, prevention, and intervention in child and adolescent mental health by describing implementation and early outcomes of an 8-school district demonstration project aimed at making the promotion of social and emotional learning a systemic part of school districts' practice. Eight districts are 2-3 years in to their participation in the 6-year project. The districts are large, are predominantly urban, and serve many students who are at disadvantage. The evaluation involved collection of qualitative data to measure the degree to which the districts realized the goals established in the initiative's theory of action, as well as school climate data, extant student records, and surveys of students' social and emotional competence. To date, results show that districts have followed highly individual pathways toward integrating social and emotional learning systemically, and all have made progress over time. Although school-level implementation remains at moderate levels, 2 districts in which we could examine school climate showed gains from preinitiative years. Four of 6 measured districts showed improvement in social and emotional competence for students in Grade 3, and achievement and discipline showed overall improvements across all districts. Overall findings show that implementation of the initiative's theory of action by school districts is feasible, even in times of budgetary stress and leadership turnover. This establishes the potential for school districts to serve as a lever of change in the promotion of students' social and emotional development and mental wellness.

Overburdened, Overwhelmed.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hardy, Lawrence

2003-01-01

Health professionals concerned about children's mental health say schools have become more stressful places and that many students cannot handle the pressure. Factors contributing to students' stress include high-stakes testing, fear of failure, parent pressure, and large impersonal schools. To combat the effects of a large school, Venice High…

Looking through the Keyhole: Exploring Realities and Possibilities for School Breakfast Programs in Rural Western Australia.

PubMed

Ichumar, Simon O; Dahlberg, Emma E; Paynter, Ellen B; Lucey, Fiona M C; Chester, Miranda R; Papertalk, Lennelle; Thompson, Sandra C

2018-03-17

To assess the school breakfast program (SBP) in two schools with high Aboriginal student populations in rural Western Australia, their contribution to holistic support, nutritional health education and possibilities for improvement. The operations and functioning of one regional and one remote SBP were assessed by stakeholder inquiry related to process and challenges, observations and documentary review. An intervention to increase health education, social interaction and learning about nutrition and food origins implemented in one school was assessed. Strengths, system and structural factors that impeded realisation of optimal outcomes of the SBPs were identified. The SBPs focussed on serving food rather than building nutritional understanding or on social interactions and support. Systems for delivery and management of the programs largely relied on staff with limited time. When offered a more interactive and social environment, children enjoyed learning about food. Opportunities for SBPs to offer holistic support and educational enhancement for disadvantaged children are limited by the realities of pressures on staff to support them and a view constraining their primary role as food delivery. The lack of volunteer support in disadvantaged schools limits the potential benefits of SBPs in providing psychosocial support. Health education resources which exist for use in SBPs are not necessarily used.

Astronomy Education through the NSF GK-12 Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jensen, A. G.

2004-05-01

The National Science Foundation's GK-12 program encourages graduate students in science to be active in public education at the middle school and high school levels. As a GK-12 fellow at the University of Colorado-Boulder (CU), I worked with a local 8th-grade science teacher and his students during the 2003-2004 school year. In the Boulder Valley School District, 8th-grade science covers Earth history, meteorology, astronomy, and oceanography. There are many special challenges for this school district and 8th-grade education in Colorado, including a large number of English as a second language (ESL) students and the administration of standardized tests during March, before students have completed much of the relevant material. As a GK-12 Fellow, my responsibilities included work with the Earth history Full Option Science System (FOSS) kit, guest lecturing, aid in hands-on exercises, and the creation of new activities and assignments. Astronomy activities accomplished through this program include sunspot viewing and a field trip to the Colorado Scale Model Solar System on the CU campus. The GK-12 program at CU will continue for at least two more years, possibly placing future GK-12 fellows who are astronomy grad students into classes that are astronomy- or physics-specific.

Looking through the Keyhole: Exploring Realities and Possibilities for School Breakfast Programs in Rural Western Australia

PubMed Central

Ichumar, Simon O.; Dahlberg, Emma E.; Paynter, Ellen B.; Lucey, Fiona M. C.; Chester, Miranda R.; Papertalk, Lennelle

2018-01-01

Objective: To assess the school breakfast program (SBP) in two schools with high Aboriginal student populations in rural Western Australia, their contribution to holistic support, nutritional health education and possibilities for improvement. Methods: The operations and functioning of one regional and one remote SBP were assessed by stakeholder inquiry related to process and challenges, observations and documentary review. An intervention to increase health education, social interaction and learning about nutrition and food origins implemented in one school was assessed. Results: Strengths, system and structural factors that impeded realisation of optimal outcomes of the SBPs were identified. The SBPs focussed on serving food rather than building nutritional understanding or on social interactions and support. Systems for delivery and management of the programs largely relied on staff with limited time. When offered a more interactive and social environment, children enjoyed learning about food. Conclusions: Opportunities for SBPs to offer holistic support and educational enhancement for disadvantaged children are limited by the realities of pressures on staff to support them and a view constraining their primary role as food delivery. The lack of volunteer support in disadvantaged schools limits the potential benefits of SBPs in providing psychosocial support. Health education resources which exist for use in SBPs are not necessarily used. PMID:29562625

[Monitoring strategy for control of tobacco in Mexico: advertising, promotion and sponsorship, packaging and labeling].

PubMed

Rodríguez-Bolaños, Rosibel; Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam; Ibañez-Hernández, Norma A; Santos-Luna, René; Valdés-Salgado, Raydel; Avila-Tang, Erika; Stillman, Frances

2010-01-01

To describe strategies used in the publicity, marketing, and sale, of tobacco products in 12 cities in Mexico. Tobacco products points of sale (POS) were identified within a 500 m radius of Global Youth Tobacco Survey (2005-2006) schools. We used observational surveys and an online Geographic Information System (GIS). In the 257 schools visited, we found, on average, 8.3 stores and 5 street vendors around each of them. Forty-four percent of the stores had interior tobacco publicity, 8.3% had tobacco products at children's eye level, 6.5% had some promotion, 33.6% had a no selling to minors sign, and 44.4% of stores and 58.8% of street vendors sold single cigarettes. Tobacco products are largely publicized and marketed around schools. There is no compliance of tobacco control legislation in regards to selling to minors and single cigarettes. It is necessary to implement a surveillance system to monitor strategies for tobacco control and the tobacco industry.

Schooling as a Lottery: Racial Differences in School Advancement in Urban South Africa†

PubMed Central

Lam, David; Ardington, Cally; Leibbrandt, Murray

2010-01-01

This paper analyzes the large racial differences in progress through secondary school in South Africa. Using recently collected longitudinal data we find that grade advancement is strongly associated with scores on a baseline literacy and numeracy test. In grades 8-11 the effect of these scores on grade progression is much stronger for white and coloured students than for African students, while there is no racial difference in the impact of the scores on passing the nationally standardized grade 12 matriculation exam. We develop a stochastic model of grade repetition that generates predictions consistent with these results. The model predicts that a larger stochastic component in the link between learning and measured performance will generate higher enrollment, higher failure rates, and a weaker link between ability and grade progression. The results suggest that grade progression in African schools is poorly linked to actual ability and learning. The results point to the importance of considering the stochastic component of grade repetition in analyzing school systems with high failure rates. PMID:21499515

Medical certification reduces the number of children requiring allergen elimination diets for school lunches.

PubMed

Korematsu, Seigo; Toyokuni, Kenji; Handa, Yousuke; Gotoh, Chika; Wasada, Rieko; Kato, Rie; Kawano, Nanae; Ikeuchi, Mayo; Okamoto, Tomoko; Kiriya, Maki; Takahashi, Mizuho; Takano, Tomoyuki; Haigo, Atsuhiko

2017-04-01

Following the increase in the number of children with food allergies, support systems are now required for school lunches, but a large-scale factual investigation has not been carried out. We evaluated the features of elimination diet due to food allergy and the support system in kindergartens and schools. A prefecture-based questionnaire survey regarding measures for food allergies in school lunches of all kindergartens, public elementary schools, and public junior high schools (631 facilities) was conducted in Oita Prefecture, Japan. The recovery rate of the questionnaire was 99.5%, which included 106,008 students in total. A total of 1,562 children (1.5%) required elimination diets. The rate of children on elimination diets in kindergartens and elementary/junior high schools that required medical certification by a physician was 1.2% (324 among 27,761 children), which was significantly lower than the 1.8% of children (1,227 among 68,576 students) on elimination diets at the request of guardians without the need for medical certification ( p < 0.0001). A total of 43.9% of the kindergartens and schools said that they would contact guardians if symptoms were observed after accidental ingestion, while a low 8.1% stated that they provided support to children themselves, including the administration of adrenaline auto-injectors. Medical certification reduces the number of children requiring elimination diets, but it has not been adequately implemented. Furthermore, waiting to contact guardians after symptoms are observed may lead to the delayed treatment of anaphylaxis. Cooperation between physicians and teachers is desired to avoid the overdiagnosis and undertreatment of children with food allergies.

Recruitment and Selection: Meeting the Leadership Shortage in One Large Canadian School District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Normore, Anthony H.

2004-01-01

This article investigates the recruitment and selection strategies of one large Canadian school district in Ontario, called here the "Northwestern School District." Data collection included interviews, document analyses and observations, and were gathered in 2001. Findings indicated that designated structured teams, financial and…

Engagement matters: lessons from assessing classroom implementation of steps to respect: a bullying prevention program over a one-year period.

PubMed

Low, Sabina; Van Ryzin, Mark J; Brown, Eric C; Smith, Brian H; Haggerty, Kevin P

2014-04-01

Steps to Respect: A Bullying Prevention Program (STR) relies on a social-ecological model of prevention to increase school staff awareness and responsiveness, foster socially responsible beliefs among students, and teach social-emotional skills to students to reduce bullying behavior. As part of a school-randomized controlled trial of STR, we examined predictors and outcomes associated with classroom curriculum implementation in intervention schools. Data on classroom implementation (adherence and engagement) were collected from a sample of teachers using a weekly on-line Teacher Implementation Checklist system. Pre-post data related to school bullying-related outcomes were collected from 1,424 students and archival school demographic data were obtained from the National Center for Education Statistics. Results of multilevel analyses indicated that higher levels of program engagement were influenced by school-level percentage of students receiving free/reduced lunch, as well as classroom-level climate indicators. Results also suggest that higher levels of program engagement were related to lower levels of school bullying problems, enhanced school climate and attitudes less supportive of bullying. Predictors and outcomes related to program fidelity (i.e., adherence) were largely nonsignificant. Results suggest that student engagement is a key element of program impact, though implementation is influenced by both school-level demographics and classroom contexts.

Active Travel to School: Findings From the Survey of US Health Behavior in School-Aged Children, 2009-2010.

PubMed

Yang, Yong; Ivey, Stephanie S; Levy, Marian C; Royne, Marla B; Klesges, Lisa M

2016-06-01

Whereas children's active travel to school (ATS) has confirmed benefits, only a few large national surveys of ATS exist. Using data from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2009-2010 US survey, we conducted a logistic regression model to estimate the odds ratios of ATS and a linear regression model to estimate the adjusted mean differences of the percentage of ATS within a school. Overall, 21.4% of children engaged in at least one way of active travel to or from school. ATS was less common for trips to school than from school. Greater distance to school was a major barrier preventing children from ATS. Children living in large cities were more likely to engage in ATS, and schools located in a large city had higher proportions of ATS rate. Children having lower family satisfaction, or engaging in a greater number of physically active days during the past week were all more likely to engage in ATS. Although ATS is low among US children, significant variation exists. HBSC is a promising data source for an ATS study. As the first study to explore the variation of ATS at school level, this research contributes uniquely to current knowledge. © 2016, American School Health Association.

An Examination of School Choice and Fifth Grade Science Achievement in Florida

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McLarnon, Tara Lynn

Over the past 20 years, a movement to offer greater access and choice in public education has begun to challenge the traditional attendance boundary school system. Public school choice provides an opportunity for parents who do not have the resources to change attendance boundaries but who want additional public school options. Proponents argue that increased competition incentivizes all schools to improve performance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were any potential relationships among school choice options and other inputs such as student characteristics when looking at student science achievement. Based on an education production function model, the study focused on the specific output of performance. A conceptual model looking at common inputs related to the outcome of student performance, identified five groups of inputs: school type, student characteristics, learning needs, school characteristics, and teacher quality. Rather than look across states, where policies affecting student performance differ, this study looked exclusively at one large state population. Subjects of the study were fifth grade students in the state of Florida. Utilizing three years of state science assessment data, the roles of school type, selected student demographics, and ELL status were examined using logistic regression and ordinary least squares analysis. Results indicated that, while some subpopulations of students performed better in different school types, school type alone was not a strong predictor of student science achievement.

School nursing.

PubMed

Igoe, J B

1994-09-01

School nursing has been in a process of transition since its inception. This role evolution parallels the growing complexity of the health, education, and social needs of America's youth. The workplace within which school nurses practice is equally complicated because health and education administrators often hold differing philosophies of management, and school health programs are ill-defined. Fortunately, there is growing support for an integrated services approach and the development of school health systems with nurses joining an interdisciplinary team rather than continuing to function as "boundary dwellers." The roles of the school nurse as primary care provider, school health coordinator, case manager, and epidemiologist are emerging and replacing outdated nursing functions. As the role of the school nurse shifts and expands, it produces a cascade effect. The role of the school health assistant to aid the nurse surfaces as the next logical step in planning. Numerous model school health programs exist today. The emphasis, and rightfully so, is preventive in nature and should be targeted at the preparation of a new generation of health consumers who are more self-reliant than their predecessors. Unfortunately, all these programs are plagued with financing problems that could be alleviated with the right plan for health care reform, such as an expansion of maternal and child health funds (Title V) to health departments and the introduction of school nursing leadership into the DASH office at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a health education unit largely run by health educators, to reallocate some of these resources to the clinical preventive services needed in schools to reduce health risk behaviors. Finally, total quality management is the next issue on the horizon for this nursing specialty; benchmarking would be the place to start. In summary, systems development in the school health field is now underway, and it will not be easy, but this sort of work never has been simply. It must be remembered that there is nothing more difficult to plan, more doubtful of success, nor more dangerous to manage than the creation of a new system. For the initiator has the enmity of all who would profit by the preservation of the old institution and merely lukewarm defenders of those who would gain by the new ones.

A Comparative Analysis of Meeting the Whole Child Initiatives through Standardized and Competency-Based Education Systems in Terms of Achievement and Meeting the Whole Child Initiatives: Comparing Professional Perceptions and Identified Measurable Results

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ward, Jacqueline M.

2011-01-01

Traditional education (TE) largely uses a standardized (SbE) approach while alternatives (nTE) tend to more of a competency (CbE), or student-centered approach. This comparative analysis examines essential aspects of such pedagogies in determining the effectiveness of schooling systems in meeting the Whole Child Initiative (Souza, 1999; Carter et…

Impacts of a prekindergarten program on children's mathematics, language, literacy, executive function, and emotional skills.

PubMed

Weiland, Christina; Yoshikawa, Hirokazu

2013-01-01

Publicly funded prekindergarten programs have achieved small-to-large impacts on children's cognitive outcomes. The current study examined the impact of a prekindergarten program that implemented a coaching system and consistent literacy, language, and mathematics curricula on these and other nontargeted, essential components of school readiness, such as executive functioning. Participants included 2,018 four and five-year-old children. Findings indicated that the program had moderate-to-large impacts on children's language, literacy, numeracy and mathematics skills, and small impacts on children's executive functioning and a measure of emotion recognition. Some impacts were considerably larger for some subgroups. For urban public school districts, results inform important programmatic decisions. For policy makers, results confirm that prekindergarten programs can improve educationally vital outcomes for children in meaningful, important ways. © 2013 The Authors. Child Development © 2013 Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.

Decolonizing Cyberspace: Online Support for the Nunavut MEd

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McAuley, Alexander; Walton, Fiona

2011-01-01

Offered between 2006 and 2009 and graduating 21 Inuit candidates, the Nunavut Master of Education program was a collaborative effort made to address the erosion of Inuit leadership in the K-12 school system after the creation of Nunavut, Canada's newest territory, in 1999. Delivered to a large extent in short, intensive, face-to-face courses, the…

Investigating the Primary School Teachers' Perspectives on the Use of Education Platforms in Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Uredi, Lütfi; Akbasli, Sait; Ulum, Hakan

2016-01-01

Technology plays an important role in educational activities in Turkey. This is largely because of the Faith Project, which was recently introduced into the country. The Fatih Project is a project of Turkish government which seeks to integrate computer technology into the country's public education system. Education Informatics Network is one of…

Some Statistical Characteristics of Special Education for Children with Disabilities in North-East India

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kalita, Jumi; Sarmah, Pranita

2012-01-01

It is estimated that of approximately 150-250 million children with disabilities across the world, a large number have difficulties related to problems in the central nervous system (CNS). This paper considers school dropout rates of children with special educational needs associated with CNS problems from a study of educational institutions in…

Professional Development Of Junior Full Time Support Aerospace Maintenance Duty Officers

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

management information system NAMP naval aviation maintenance program OCS officer candidate school OOMA optimized organizational maintenance activity...retrieval of information is effective and efficient. 13 Knowledge management solutions broadly fall into two categories, enterprise solutions...designed to manage large amounts of knowledge and information , access by many concurrent users at multiple organization units and locations, and

Engaging the Disengaged: How Is It Different When Using Distance Education?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gross, Peggy

In response to large numbers of returning adult students, Wisconsin's technical college system has placed an increased emphasis on school-to-work transition and innovative forms of distance education (DE). DE began in Europe at least 150 years ago through correspondence programs, expanded to include radio programs in the 1920s and 1930s, and moved…

Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial Examining Intelligent Tutoring of Structure Strategy for Fifth-Grade Readers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wijekumar, Kausalai; Meyer, Bonnie J. F.; Lei, Pui-Wa; Lin, Yu-Chu; Johnson, Lori A.; Spielvogel, James A.; Shurmatz, Kathryn M.; Ray, Melissa; Cook, Michael

2014-01-01

This article reports on a large scale randomized controlled trial to study the efficacy of a web-based intelligent tutoring system for the structure strategy designed to improve content area reading comprehension. The research was conducted with 128 fifth-grade classrooms within 12 school districts in rural and suburban settings. Classrooms within…

A Case Study: Achievement Studies of Persistent, Transitional, and Transient Populations within the Blitz Program Model at a Large Midwestern Elementary School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramey, Jackie D.

2013-01-01

The United States' Public Education system shared concerns regarding declining achievement results across the nation. Numerous research studies suggested significant correlations to various variables, such as, SES (Socio-Economic Status), LEP (Limited English Proficiency), IEP (Individualized Educational Programs), ethnicity, and student mobility.…

Overview of the OGAP Formative Assessment Project and CPRE's Large-Scale Experimental Study of Implementation and Impacts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Supovitz, Jonathan

2016-01-01

In this presentation discussed in this brief abstracted report, the author presents about an ongoing partnership with the Philadelphia School District (PSD) to implement and research the Ongoing Assessment Project (OGAP). OGAP is a systematic, intentional and iterative formative assessment system grounded in the research on how students learn…

The Road Ahead for School Finance Reform: Legislative Trends 2011 and beyond

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crampton, Faith E.; Thompson, David C.

2011-01-01

The reform of education funding systems to achieve greater equity and adequacy is an ongoing struggle in many states. Because funding of public elementary and secondary education is constitutionally a state responsibility, the struggle plays out largely in state legislatures. At the same time, education finance reform does not take place in a…

Promising Practices and Unfinished Business: Fostering Equity and Excellence for Black and Latino Males

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tung, Rosann; Carlo, Vivian Dalila; Colón, Melissa; Del Razo, Jaime L.; Diamond, John B.; Raynor, Alethea Frazier; Graves, Daren; Kuttner, Paul J.; Miranda, Helena; St. Rose, Andresse

2015-01-01

Boston Public Schools (BPS) commissioned companion studies as part of its efforts to address achievement gaps for Black and Latino males. The first study revealed the increasing diversity of Black and Latino males and stark opportunity gaps throughout the system that contribute in large part to wide attainment gaps for these students. We…

The Effect of a Teacher's Sex on Career Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reich, Carol

A survey was conducted of a sample of 1,163 male and female teachers, consultants, and administrators of a large, urban school system. Data was collected about their formal qualifications, job performance, the extent to which they had been encouraged to apply for promotion, the number of applications they had made, and the positions they had held.…

Mental Health Services in Special Education: An Analysis of Quality of Care

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Santiago, Catherine DeCarlo; Kataoka, Sheryl H.; Forness, Steven R.; Miranda, Jeanne

2014-01-01

This article presents a collaborative study conducted in a large urban school district, in which the authors surveyed 55 clinicians within the special education system, with a focus on the mental health services provided to students who were receiving related-services counseling as a mandated component of their individualized education plan.…

Teacher Education and Social Ethics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ayeni, M. A.; Adeleye, J. O.

2014-01-01

It poses no difficulty to argue that the success of any nation depends to a large extent on the quality of her teachers. This is because the outcome of teaching, which is learning, manifests in all services rendered by the individual in all sectors of life. If the products of the school system do not learn well both academically and morally, they…

Black Parents Speak Out: The School Environment and Interplay with Wellbeing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ochieng, Bertha M. N.

2011-01-01

Objective: This article presents an account of the beliefs and perceptions of Black parents and the influence of the education system on the wellbeing of their children. Method: The material is drawn from a large ethnographic study that explored the attitudes and experiences of Black families and adolescents on healthy lifestyle. Setting: Ten…

Striking Up the Band: Music Education through a Foucaultian Lens

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mantie, Roger

2012-01-01

Large ensembles (e.g., choirs-orchestras-bands) have become prominent fixtures in most secondary schools and university schools/faculties of music in Canada and the United States. At the secondary school level, large ensembles have become, in effect, practically synonymous with the words "music education." This article derives from the…

Services for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Three, Large Urban School Districts: Perspectives of Parents and Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iadarola, Suzannah; Hetherington, Susan; Clinton, Christopher; Dean, Michelle; Reisinger, Erica; Huynh, Linh; Locke, Jill; Conn, Kelly; Heinert, Sara; Kataoka, Sheryl; Harwood, Robin; Smith, Tristram; Mandell, David S.; Kasari, Connie

2015-01-01

This study used qualitative methods to evaluate the perceptions of parents, educators, and school administrators in three large, urban school districts (Los Angeles, Philadelphia, and Rochester) regarding services for children with autism spectrum disorder within the context of limited district resources. Facilitators followed a standard…

Fewer but not smaller schools in declining fish and krill populations.

PubMed

Brierley, Andrew S; Cox, Martin J

2015-01-05

Many pelagic species (species that live in the water column), including herring and krill, aggregate to form schools, shoals, or swarms (hereafter simply "schools," although the words are not synonyms). Schools provide benefits to individual members, including locomotory economy and protection from predators that prey on individuals, but paradoxically make schooling species energetically viable and commercially attractive targets for predators of groups and for fishers. Large schools are easier to find and yield greater prey/catch than small schools, and there is a requirement from fields as diverse as theoretical ecology and fisheries management to understand whether and how aggregation sizes change with changing population size. We collated data from vertical echosounder surveys of taxonomically diverse pelagic stocks from geographically diverse ecosystems. The data contain common significant positive linear stock-biomass to school-number relationships. They show that the numbers of schools in the stocks change with changing stock biomass and suggest that the distributions of school sizes do not change with stock biomass. New data that we collected using a multibeam sonar, which can image entire schools, contained the same stock-biomass to school-number relationship and confirm that the distribution of school sizes is not related to changing stock size: put simply, as stocks decline, individuals are distributed among fewer schools, not smaller schools. Since school characteristics affect catchability (the ease or difficulty with which fishers can capture target species) and availability of prey to predators, our findings have commercial and ecological implications, particularly within the aspirational framework of ecosystem-based management of marine systems. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Professional Development Needs of School-Based Leadership in Preparation for a District-Wide One-to-One Initiative in a Large Urban School District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simmons, Brandon Dean

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the professional development needs of school-based leadership in preparation for a district-wide one-to-one initiative in a large urban school district. This study used an explanatory sequential mixed methods design to answer the three research questions that drove the study. Research for this study was…

Teaching Business Law to Non-Law Students, Culturally and Linguistically Diverse ("CaLD") Students, and Large Classes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kariyawasam, Kanchana; Low, Hang Yen

2014-01-01

This paper is largely based on the experience of teaching law to students with non-legal background in business schools, with a focus on internationalisation and the large class lecture format. Business schools often consist of large classes which include a significant proportion of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CaLD) students. Teaching a…

"Smaller Schools Are Good"...It Depends!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, Franklin

2001-01-01

Analyzes three high school sizes: 400-student "Private" school (small), 1,600-student school (medium), and 3,000-plus-student school (extra large). Uses four factors in comparative analysis: Equity, anonymity, program quality, and cost efficiency. (PKP)

Medical certification reduces the number of children requiring allergen elimination diets for school lunches

PubMed Central

Toyokuni, Kenji; Handa, Yousuke; Gotoh, Chika; Wasada, Rieko; Kato, Rie; Kawano, Nanae; Ikeuchi, Mayo; Okamoto, Tomoko; Kiriya, Maki; Takahashi, Mizuho; Takano, Tomoyuki; Haigo, Atsuhiko

2017-01-01

Background Following the increase in the number of children with food allergies, support systems are now required for school lunches, but a large-scale factual investigation has not been carried out. Objective We evaluated the features of elimination diet due to food allergy and the support system in kindergartens and schools. Methods A prefecture-based questionnaire survey regarding measures for food allergies in school lunches of all kindergartens, public elementary schools, and public junior high schools (631 facilities) was conducted in Oita Prefecture, Japan. Results The recovery rate of the questionnaire was 99.5%, which included 106,008 students in total. A total of 1,562 children (1.5%) required elimination diets. The rate of children on elimination diets in kindergartens and elementary/junior high schools that required medical certification by a physician was 1.2% (324 among 27,761 children), which was significantly lower than the 1.8% of children (1,227 among 68,576 students) on elimination diets at the request of guardians without the need for medical certification (p < 0.0001). A total of 43.9% of the kindergartens and schools said that they would contact guardians if symptoms were observed after accidental ingestion, while a low 8.1% stated that they provided support to children themselves, including the administration of adrenaline auto-injectors. Conclusion Medical certification reduces the number of children requiring elimination diets, but it has not been adequately implemented. Furthermore, waiting to contact guardians after symptoms are observed may lead to the delayed treatment of anaphylaxis. Cooperation between physicians and teachers is desired to avoid the overdiagnosis and undertreatment of children with food allergies. PMID:28487840

Toward Instructional Leadership: Principals' Perceptions of Large-Scale Assessment in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prytula, Michelle; Noonan, Brian; Hellsten, Laurie

2013-01-01

This paper describes a study of the perceptions that Saskatchewan school principals have regarding large-scale assessment reform and their perceptions of how assessment reform has affected their roles as principals. The findings revealed that large-scale assessments, especially provincial assessments, have affected the principal in Saskatchewan…

Building a Lattice for School Leadership: Lessons from England. Policy Brief #15-1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Supovitz, Jonathan

2015-01-01

The flat structure of American schools is ill-suited to meet today's increasing demands for educational improvement. Even with unprecedented pressure to raise performance, America's schools are still largely organized the way they were a century ago--with a single principal presiding over a largely egg-crated faculty. Is such a thin veneer of…

Computer Use and Factors Related to Computer Use in Large Independent Secondary School Libraries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Currier, Heidi F.

Survey results about the use of computers in independent secondary school libraries are reported, and factors related to the presence of computers are identified. Data are from 104 librarians responding to a questionnaire sent to a sample of 136 large (over 400 students) independent secondary schools. Data are analyzed descriptively to show the…

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Deploying Clean Buses in Texas through

Science.gov Websites

money for large expenditures--new school buses are a perfect example and offer the perfect opportunity a potential penalty or fine when that money is put toward an SEP. Municipalities may offset 100% of the problem schools have with finding money for large expenditures-new school buses are a perfect

Administrator/Student Ratios in Large School Districts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ornstein, Allan C.

1989-01-01

According to a survey of large school districts, the ratio of central office managers to students enrolled ranges from 1 administrator per 1,650 students to 1 administrator per 161 students. The average ratio was 1 administrator per 561 students. Western school districts appear most efficient. The ideal: 1 administrator per 1,000 to 1,200…

The Renewed Primary School in Belgium: Analysis of the Local Innovation Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vandenberghe, Roland

The Renewed Primary School project in Belgium is analyzed in this paper in terms of organizational response to a large-scale innovation, which is characterized by its multidimensionality, by the large number of participating schools, and by a complex support structure. Section 2 of the report presents an elaborated description of these…

Effects of problem-solving interventions on aggressive behaviours among primary school pupils in Ibadan, Nigeria.

PubMed

Abdulmalik, Jibril; Ani, Cornelius; Ajuwon, Ademola J; Omigbodun, Olayinka

2016-01-01

Aggressive patterns of behavior often start early in childhood, and tend to remain stable into adulthood. The negative consequences include poor academic performance, disciplinary problems and encounters with the juvenile justice system. Early school intervention programs can alter this trajectory for aggressive children. However, there are no studies evaluating the feasibility of such interventions in Africa. This study therefore, assessed the effect of group-based problem-solving interventions on aggressive behaviors among primary school pupils in Ibadan, Nigeria. This was an intervention study with treatment and wait-list control groups. Two public primary schools in Ibadan Nigeria were randomly allocated to an intervention group and a waiting list control group. Teachers rated male Primary five pupils in the two schools on aggressive behaviors and the top 20 highest scorers in each school were selected. Pupils in the intervention school received 6 twice-weekly sessions of group-based intervention, which included problem-solving skills, calming techniques and attribution retraining. Outcome measures were; teacher rated aggressive behaviour (TRAB), self-rated aggression scale (SRAS), strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ), attitude towards aggression questionnaire (ATAQ), and social cognition and attribution scale (SCAS). The participants were aged 12 years (SD = 1.2, range 9-14 years). Both groups had similar socio-demographic backgrounds and baseline measures of aggressive behaviors. Controlling for baseline scores, the intervention group had significantly lower scores on TRAB and SRAS 1-week post intervention with large Cohen's effect sizes of 1.2 and 0.9 respectively. The other outcome measures were not significantly different between the groups post-intervention. Group-based problem solving intervention for aggressive behaviors among primary school students showed significant reductions in both teachers' and students' rated aggressive behaviours with large effect sizes. However, this was a small exploratory trial whose findings may not be generalizable, but it demonstrates that psychological interventions for children with high levels of aggressive behaviour are feasible and potentially effective in Nigeria.

Creating Robust STEM Research Ecosystems in Schools: Joining the Dots for Young Researchers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pritchard, M.; Ibarra, D. L.

2017-12-01

Developing an intelligent curiosity about the world in school-aged learners is one of the key purposes of education. Nurturing this intelligent curiosity in a systematic and integrated manner is essential for rigorous, scientific literacy, which in turn inspires advanced research and innovation in post-school life. STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education has been widely adopted as the conceptual framework to achieve this goal. For young learners, their experienced world is largely confined to the spaces within the boundaries of educational institutions. This type of environment might be perceived as sterile or even hostile to genuine research, as institutional endeavor is largely shaped by examination syllabi. This can be changed by viewing the school as a living laboratory of processes and products, all of which offer enormous potential for meaningful and valuable student-led STEM research. Creating research-focused ecosystems within schools, however, requires considerable effort to create a learning culture that defragments knowledge systems and connects isolated pools of inquiry. The existing parameters and processes of school ecosystems, such as energy generation, consumption, waste creation and disposal offer opportunities for school students to utilize STEM-related skills observe and measure their own ecological footprint, undertake research into these living processes in an integrated manner, and develop solutions to create closed loops of optimally managed and measured consumption with the institution. For example, connecting a deep understanding of the principles of renewable energy generation with close, real-time monitoring of classroom energy usage creates the opportunity to develop a higher level of user awareness and more optimized consumption habits. Food waste, when composted and recycled on-site, similarly offers the potential to connect the sociological issue of excess consumption with a scientific understanding of aerobic and anaerobic decomposition and the subsequent purposes to which the product of the process might be put. In adopting a STEM framework to examine and shape school ecosystems, young researchers develop the capacity to observe, measure, analyze, troubleshoot, and optimize their own environment.

A 3-D Approach for Teaching and Learning about Surface Water Systems through Computational Thinking, Data Visualization and Physical Models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caplan, B.; Morrison, A.; Moore, J. C.; Berkowitz, A. R.

2017-12-01

Understanding water is central to understanding environmental challenges. Scientists use `big data' and computational models to develop knowledge about the structure and function of complex systems, and to make predictions about changes in climate, weather, hydrology, and ecology. Large environmental systems-related data sets and simulation models are difficult for high school teachers and students to access and make sense of. Comp Hydro, a collaboration across four states and multiple school districts, integrates computational thinking and data-related science practices into water systems instruction to enhance development of scientific model-based reasoning, through curriculum, assessment and teacher professional development. Comp Hydro addresses the need for 1) teaching materials for using data and physical models of hydrological phenomena, 2) building teachers' and students' comfort or familiarity with data analysis and modeling, and 3) infusing the computational knowledge and practices necessary to model and visualize hydrologic processes into instruction. Comp Hydro teams in Baltimore, MD and Fort Collins, CO are integrating teaching about surface water systems into high school courses focusing on flooding (MD) and surface water reservoirs (CO). This interactive session will highlight the successes and challenges of our physical and simulation models in helping teachers and students develop proficiency with computational thinking about surface water. We also will share insights from comparing teacher-led vs. project-led development of curriculum and our simulations.

Campus Schools: The Search for Safe and Orderly Environment in Large School Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ortiz, Monica

2012-01-01

Establishing "new small schools" is a major focus of school improvement, especially at the high school level, with the hopes of increasing academic success and reducing violence. Key arguments for small schools are the personalization of schooling and increased academic performance. The structures and process of small schools are…

School Stuff: A Pedagogical Regime of Enunciation?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vanden Buverie, Lut; Simons, Maarten

2017-01-01

Although a large amount of ethnographic research has been conducted in schools, little is known about the particularity of the school, about what makes the school--as a school--different from other (learning) environments. As school ethnographies focus primarily on the perspectives and interpretations of pupils and teachers, the school itself…

Land revenues, schools and literacy: a historical examination of public and private funding of education.

PubMed

Chaudhary, Latika

2010-01-01

Despite the centralised nature of the fiscal system in colonial India, public education expenditures varied dramatically across regions with the western and southern provinces spending three to four times as much as the eastern provinces. A significant portion of the inter-regional difference was due to historical differences in land taxes, an important source of provincial revenues in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. The large differences in public spending, however, did not produce comparable differences in enrollment rates or literacy in the colonial period. Nonetheless, public investments influenced the direction of school development and perhaps the long run trajectory of rural literacy.

Identification of computer-generated facial composites.

PubMed

Kovera, M B; Penrod, S D; Pappas, C; Thill, D L

1997-04-01

Two studies examined the effectiveness of the Mac-a-Mug Pro, a computerized facial composite production system. In the first study, college freshmen prepared from memory composites of other students and faculty from their former high schools. Other students who had attended the same high schools could not recognize the composites of either students or faculty members when the composites of individuals known to them (n = 10) were mixed with composites of a large number (n = 40) of strangers. Neither preparer familiarity with the target, preparer-assessed composite quality, nor viewer familiarity predicted composite recognition. Study 2 indicated that naive witnesses who viewed the composites could not select the people depicted in the composites from photo lineups (1 target and 4 foils). The results raise questions about the efficacy of composite systems as tools to promote recognition of suspects in criminal contexts.

Career and Technical Education (CTE) Directors' Experiences with CTE's Contributions to Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) Education Implementation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nkhata, Bentry

2013-01-01

In spite of the large overlap in the goals of CTE and STEM education, there is little evidence of the role(s) CTE delivery systems, programs, curricula, or pedagogical strategies can play in advancing STEM education. Because of their responsibilities, especially for organizational and instructional leadership, school district CTE directors could…

Reconciling Data from Different Sources: Practical Realities of Using Mixed Methods to Identify Effective High School Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Thomas M.; Cannata, Marisa; Haynes, Katherine Taylor

2016-01-01

Background/Context: Mixed methods research conveys multiple advantages to the study of complex phenomena and large organizations or systems. The benefits are derived from drawing on the strengths of qualitative methods to answer questions about how and why a phenomenon occurs and those of quantitative methods to examine how often a phenomenon…

Real-Time Demonstration of the Main Characteristics of Chaos in the Motion of a Real Double Pendulum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vadai, Gergely; Gingl, Zoltan; Mellar, Janos

2012-01-01

Several studies came to the conclusion that chaotic phenomena are worth including in high school and undergraduate education. The double pendulum is one of the simplest systems that is chaotic; therefore, numerical simulations and theoretical studies of it have been given large publicity, and thanks to its spectacular motion, it has become one of…

System Alignment and Consensus Discourses in Reforms: "School Effectiveness Frameworks and Instructional Rounds." Philosophical Responses with Oakeshott, Mouffe and Rancière

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stickney, Jeff

2015-01-01

In this commentary 26-year Ontario district teacher, Jeff Stickney, begins by surveying balanced approaches to large- and small-scale education reforms: contrasting linear alignment with more complex ecological models, drawing on recent work by Andy Hargreaves (2008; Hargreaves & Shirley, 2012). Next, through a brief case study of School…

Using the Technology of Closed-Captioned Television To Teach Reading to Handicapped Students. Performance Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koskinen, Patricia S.; And Others

This project investigated the effectiveness of using closed-captioned television in the teaching of reading to learning-disabled and hearing-impared students. Seven teachers of learning disabled students, and 45 students ranging in age from 8 to 13 years, from a large Maryland public school system participated in this study. The first two of nine…

The Management Aspect of the e-Portfolio as an Assessment Tool: Sample of Anadolu University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ozgur, Aydin Ziya; Kaya, Secil

2011-01-01

This article intends to introduce an e-portfolio system to help mentors assess the teacher candidates' performances and products in a large scale open and distance learning teacher training program. The Pre-School Teacher Training Program (PSTTP) of Anadolu University is a completely distance program that helps around 12.000 students get the…

An Abundance of Answers in Search of Questions: On a Methodology of Assessment Through Indicators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jaeger, Richard M.

Some observations are presented on a social indicators approach to statewide educational assessment. The context of the observations is the Oregon Department of Education model for educational planning. Much of what is said can also be applied to educational planning and program evaluation at the federal level or in large school systems. For the…

Dynamics of Engagement and Disaffection in a Social Studies Classroom Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taboada Barber, Ana M.; Buehl, Michelle M.; Beck, Jori S.

2017-01-01

In this investigation, we replicated Skinner et al.'s study of the dynamics of engagement with a more diverse sample of Grades 6 and 7 students from a middle school with a large English learner (primarily Spanish-speaking) student population. We tested dimensions of the self-system model of motivational development in a specific academic domain…

Big Data in Education: Balancing the Benefits of Educational Research and Student Privacy. A Workshop Summary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Academy of Education, 2017

2017-01-01

This is a critical time to understand the benefits and risks of educational research using large data sets. Massive quantities of educational data can now be stored, analyzed, and shared. State longitudinal data systems can track individual students from pre-K through college and work. Districts and schools keep detailed data on individual…

Districts' Responses to Demographic Change: Making Sense of Race, Class, and Immigration in Political and Organizational Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, Erica O.

2015-01-01

Many U.S. public school systems now face three large demographic shifts: rising poverty, the growing number of students from immigrant families, and increasing populations of students of color. Yet, we know little about how district policymakers react to these important changes or indeed the factors that consistently shape their policymaking.…

Grid Computing in K-12 Schools. Soapbox Digest. Volume 3, Number 2, Fall 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

AEL, 2004

2004-01-01

Grid computing allows large groups of computers (either in a lab, or remote and connected only by the Internet) to extend extra processing power to each individual computer to work on components of a complex request. Grid middleware, recognizing priorities set by systems administrators, allows the grid to identify and use this power without…

Promising Practices and Unfinished Business: Fostering Equity and Excellence for Black and Latino Males. Executive Summary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tung, Rosann; Carlo, Vivian Dalila; Colón, Melissa; Del Razo, Jaime L.; Diamond, John B.; Raynor, Alethea Frazier; Graves, Daren; Kuttner, Paul J.; Miranda, Helena; St. Rose, Andresse

2015-01-01

Boston Public Schools (BPS) commissioned companion studies as part of its efforts to address achievement gaps for Black and Latino males. The first study revealed the increasing diversity of Black and Latino males and stark opportunity gaps throughout the system that contribute in large part to wide attainment gaps for these students. We…

The Influence of Teacher Perceived Administration of Self-Regulated Learning on Students' Motivation and Information-Processing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rozendaal, J.S.; Minnaert, A.; Boekaerts, M.

2005-01-01

This study investigates the influence of teacher perceived administration of self-regulated learning on students' motivation and information-processing over time. This was done in the context of the Interactive Learning group System (ILS^(R)): a large-scale innovation program in Dutch vocational schools. A total of 185 students were grouped post…

The Effects of the Maryland Online Individualized Education Program Goal Wizard on Writing Standards Based Annual Goals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Kimberly A.

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of the Maryland Online Individualized Education Program Goal Wizard on writing standards based annual goals. Specifically, 100 novice special education teachers form a large urban school system in Maryland were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The experimental group received one…

How Is Coastal Temperature Influenced by the Great Lakes and the Ocean?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fortner, Rosanne W.; Mayer, Victor J.

2009-01-01

The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate. With this set of lessons, middle school Earth systems science teachers can help their students build an understanding of how large bodies of water can serve as a heat source or sink at different times and how proximity to water moderates climate along the coast. The activity's combination of…

Advancing Deeper Learning under ESSA: Seven Priorities. Turning the Corner Post-Conference Brief. Students at the Center

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heller, Rafael; Gerwin, Carol

2016-01-01

This brief recommends seven ways for supporters of deeper learning to take advantage of the changing education policy landscape, as authority shifts from the federal government to states and local districts. The authors outline priorities to help the nation's high schools move from a largely inequitable system to one that prepares all students for…

Understanding the Low Mathematics Achievement of Chilean Students: A Cross-National Analysis Using TIMSS Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramirez, Maria-Jose

2006-01-01

The low performance of Chile in the TIMSS 1998/99 international study of mathematics and science achievement was a great disappointment for that country. To investigate the likely causes for low performance in mathematics, this study (1) compared Chile to three countries and one large school system that had similar economic conditions but superior…

Brazil: Implications of Technological Change for Skills Training in Sao Paulo Industries. Training Discussion Paper No. 47.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Assis, Marisa

The Brazilian economy is led by the industrial sector, which accounts for 34 percent of production and employs 25 percent of the economically active population. The labor force formally employed in industry consists mainly of relatively young males with little schooling. A large number of institutions both in the regular education system and…

Estimation of the cost of large-scale school deworming programmes with benzimidazoles

PubMed Central

Montresor, A.; Gabrielli, A.F.; Engels, D.

2017-01-01

Summary This study estimates the cost of distributing benzimidazole tablets in the context of school deworming programmes: we analysed studies reporting the cost of school deworming from seven countries in four WHO regions. The estimated cost for drug procurement to cover one million children (including customs clearance and international transport) is approximately US$20 000. The estimated financial costs (including the cost of training of personnel, drug transport, social mobilization and monitoring) is, on average, equivalent to US$33 000 per million school-age children with minimal variation in different countries and continents. The estimated economic costs of distribution (including the time spent by teachers, and health personnel at central, provincial and district level) to cover one million children approximately corresponds to US$19 000. This study shows the minimal cost of school deworming activities, but also shows the significant contribution (corresponding to a quarter of the entire cost of the programme) provided by health and education systems in endemic countries even in the case of drug donations and donor support of distribution costs. PMID:19926104

Fix It and They Might Stay: School Facility Quality and Teacher Retention in Washington, D.C.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buckley, Jack; Schneider, Mark; Shang, Yi

2005-01-01

The attrition of both new and experienced teachers is a challenge for schools and school administrators throughout the United States, particularly in large urban districts. Because of the importance of this issue, there is a large empirical literature that investigates why teachers quit and how they might be induced to stay. Here we build upon…

Delayed Effects of a Low-Cost and Large-Scale Summer Reading Intervention on Elementary School Children's Reading Comprehension

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, James S.; Guryan, Jonathan; White, Thomas G.; Quinn, David M.; Capotosto, Lauren; Kingston, Helen Chen

2016-01-01

To improve the reading comprehension outcomes of children in high-poverty schools, policymakers need to identify reading interventions that show promise of effectiveness at scale. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a low-cost and large-scale summer reading intervention that provided comprehension lessons at the end of the school year and…

School Improvement Networks as a Strategy for Large-Scale Education Reform: The Role of Educational Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glazer, Joshua L.; Peurach, Donald J.

2013-01-01

The development and scale-up of school improvement networks is among the most important educational innovations of the last decade, and current federal, state, and district efforts attempt to use school improvement networks as a mechanism for supporting large-scale change. The potential of improvement networks, however, rests on the extent to…

Sexual-orientation disparities in school: the mediational role of indicators of victimization in achievement and truancy because of feeling unsafe.

PubMed

Birkett, Michelle; Russell, Stephen T; Corliss, Heather L

2014-06-01

We examined sexual-orientation identity disparities in truancy and academic achievement, and the mediational role of victimization in a large high-school sample. We utilized pooled data, measuring sexual identity, from the 2005 and 2007 Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System Surveys. Multilevel logistic regression modeling estimated the odds of low grades and truancy because of feeling unsafe comparing lesbian/gay, bisexual, (LGB) and unsure students to heterosexuals. We stratified models by gender. Indicators of victimization were examined to mediate the relationship between identifying as a sexual minority and school achievement or truancy. LGB-identified youths reported significantly elevated odds of truancy and low grades (odds ratios = 1.6-3.2; all P < .05). Additionally, both genders noting uncertainty about their sexual identity showed increased odds of truancy. Victimization indicators mediated the relationship between identifying as a sexual minority and experiencing negative school outcomes, with greater victimization indicators being associated with increased truancy and lower grades, and the extent of mediation differed by gender. As early disparities in academic achievement and school engagement have indicated a lifetime of increased health and behavioral risk factors, early intervention targeting school victimization is necessary.

Practices of Blue Ribbon Catholic Schools, 2001.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kealey, Robert J., Comp.

For almost 20 years, the U.S. Department of Education has invited schools to seek the Blue Ribbon School Award. A large number of Catholic schools have received this award. For this publication, the Department of Elementary Schools Executive Committee requested principals of awarded schools to write a short article on an exemplary school program…

Choice, Equity, and the Schools-within-Schools Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ready, Douglas D.; Lee, Valerie E.

2008-01-01

Background/Context: There is general agreement that most public high schools should be smaller than they are. Although the small-schools movement attracts considerable support, there is a general reluctance or inability to close large schools and to build many new small schools. A more cost-effective approach is to divide larger high schools into…

Scaling and Sustaining Effective Early Childhood Programs Through School-Family-University Collaboration.

PubMed

Reynolds, Arthur J; Hayakawa, Momoko; Ou, Suh-Ruu; Mondi, Christina F; Englund, Michelle M; Candee, Allyson J; Smerillo, Nicole E

2017-09-01

We describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a comprehensive preschool to third grade prevention program for the goals of sustaining services at a large scale. The Midwest Child-Parent Center (CPC) Expansion is a multilevel collaborative school reform model designed to improve school achievement and parental involvement from ages 3 to 9. By increasing the dosage, coordination, and comprehensiveness of services, the program is expected to enhance the transition to school and promote more enduring effects on well-being in multiple domains. We review and evaluate evidence from two longitudinal studies (Midwest CPC, 2012 to present; Chicago Longitudinal Study, 1983 to present) and four implementation examples of how the guiding principles of shared ownership, committed resources, and progress monitoring for improvement can promote effectiveness. The implementation system of partners and further expansion using "Pay for Success" financing shows the feasibility of scaling the program while continuing to improve effectiveness. © 2017 The Authors. Child Development published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society for Research in Child Development.

Services for children with autism spectrum disorder in three, large urban school districts: Perspectives of parents and educators

PubMed Central

Iadarola, Suzannah; Hetherington, Susan; Clinton, Christopher; Dean, Michelle; Reisinger, Erica; Huynh, Linh; Locke, Jill; Conn, Kelly; Heinert, Sara; Kataoka, Sheryl; Harwood, Robin; Smith, Tristram; Mandell, David S; Kasari, Connie

2015-01-01

This study used qualitative methods to evaluate the perceptions of parents, educators, and school administrators in three large, urban school districts (Los Angeles, Philadelphia, and Rochester) regarding services for children with autism spectrum disorder within the context of limited district resources. Facilitators followed a standard discussion guide that contained open-ended questions regarding participants’ views on strengths and limitations of existing services and contextual factors that would facilitate or inhibit the process of introducing new interventions. Three primary themes were identified: (1) tension between participant groups (teachers and paraprofessionals, staff and administration, teachers and parents, special education and general education teachers), (2) necessity of autism spectrum disorder–specific and behavioral training for school personnel, and (3) desire for a school culture of accepting difference. These themes highlight the importance of developing trainings that are feasible to deliver on a large scale, that focus on practical interventions, and that enhance communication and relationships of school personnel with one another and with families. PMID:25192859

A large-scale examination of the nature and efficacy of teachers' practices to engage parents: assessment, parental contact, and student-level impact.

PubMed

Seitsinger, Anne M; Felner, Robert D; Brand, Stephen; Burns, Amy

2008-08-01

As schools move forward with comprehensive school reform, parents' roles have shifted and been redefined. Parent-teacher communication is critical to student success, yet how schools and teachers contact parents is the subject of few studies. Evaluations of school-change efforts require reliable and useful measures of teachers' practices in communicating with parents. The structure of teacher-parent-contact practices was examined using data from multiple, longitudinal cohorts of schools and teachers from a large-scale project and found to be a reliable and stable measure of parent contact across building levels and localities. Teacher/school practices in contacting parents were found to be significantly related to parent reports of school contact performance and student academic adjustment and achievement. Implications for school improvement efforts are discussed.

Creating a Comprehensive School Reform Model: The Talent Development High School with Career Academies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jordan, Will J.; McPartland, James M.; Legters, Nettie E.; Balfanz, Robert

2000-01-01

Discusses the need for comprehensive reforms in school organization, curriculum and instruction, and professional development to address the problems of large urban high schools. Describes the Talent Development High School with Career Academies model being developed to meet the needs of such schools. (SLD)

Explaining Charter School Effectiveness. NBER Working Paper No. 17332

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Angrist, Joshua D.; Pathak, Parag A.; Walters, Christopher R.

2011-01-01

Estimates using admissions lotteries suggest that urban charter schools boost student achievement, while charter schools in other settings do not. We explore student-level and school-level explanations for these differences using a large sample of Massachusetts charter schools. Our results show that urban charter schools boost achievement well…

School Leadership and Technology Challenges: Lessons from a New American High School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peck, Craig; Mullen, Carol A.; Lashley, Carl; Eldridge, John A.

2011-01-01

In this evidence-based practice article the authors investigate the challenges that leaders (administrators, staff, and teachers) face in high schools where personnel navigate technology reform. We studied an American comprehensive high school within a large school district in southeastern United States. School administrators and teachers faced…

Rich Schools, Poor Schools. Hidden Resource Inequalities between Primary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poesen-Vandeputte, Mayke; Nicaise, Ides

2015-01-01

Background: There has been relatively little analysis of school context including a large number of elements from the broader social, political and economic influences. However, primary schools in Flanders (Belgium) are supposed to consider their school context when implementing the Flemish policy on equal opportunities in education. Purpose: In…

Can Virtual Schools Thrive in the Real World?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Yinying; Decker, Janet R.

2014-01-01

Despite the relatively large number of students enrolled in Ohio's virtual schools, it is unclear how virtual schools compare to their traditional school counterparts on measures of student achievement. To provide some insight, we compared the school performance from 2007-2011 at Ohio's virtual and traditional schools. The results suggest that…

Avoiding the Pitfalls of Virtual Schooling

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schachter, Ron

2012-01-01

Virtual school programs--especially online high school courses--are gaining traction in school districts around the country. While offering online courses was once the exclusive province of large state, nonprofit and for-profit organizations and companies, districts and even individual schools are now starting virtual schools of their own. Not…

Exploring implementation of the 2010 Institute of Medicine’s Child and Adult Food Care Program recommendations for after-school snacks

PubMed Central

Nanney, Marilyn S; Glatt, Carissa

2012-01-01

Objective The aim of the present study was to explore the implementation of nutrition recommendations made in the 2010 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, Child and Adult Care Food Program: Aligning Dietary Guidance for All, in school-based after-school snack programmes. Design A descriptive study. Setting One large suburban school district in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. Subjects None. Results Major challenges to implementation included limited access to product labelling and specifications inconsistent with the IOM’s Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) recommendations, limited access to healthier foods due to current school district buying consortium agreement, and increased costs of wholegrain and lower-sodium foods and pre-packaged fruits and vegetables. Conclusions Opportunities for government and industry policy development and partnerships to support schools in their efforts to promote healthy after-school food environments remain. Several federal, state and industry leadership opportunities are proposed: provide product labelling that makes identifying snacks which comply with the 2010 IOM CACFP recommended standards easy; encourage compliance with recommendations by providing incentives to programmes; prioritize the implementation of paperwork and technology that simplifies enrolment and accountability systems; and provide support for food safety training and/or certification for non-food service personnel. PMID:22050891

An emigration versus a globalization perspective of the Lebanese physician workforce: a qualitative study

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Lebanon is witnessing an increased emigration of physicians. The objective of this study was to understand the perceptions of Lebanese policymakers of this emigration, and elicit their proposals for future policies and strategies to deal with this emigration. Methods We conducted semi-structured individual interviews with the deans of Lebanon’s seven medical schools, the presidents of the two physicians professional associations, and governmental officials. We analyzed the results qualitatively. Results Participants differed in the assessment of the extent and gravity of emigration. Lebanon has a surplus of physicians, driven largely by the over-production of graduates by a growing number of medical schools. Participants cited advantages and disadvantages of the emigration on the personal, financial, medical education system, healthcare system, and national levels. Proposed strategies included limiting the number of students entering medical schools, creating job opportunities for graduating students, and implementing quality standards. Most participants acknowledged the globalization of the Lebanese physician workforce, including exchanges with the Gulf region, exchanges with developed countries, and the involvement of North American medical education institutions in the region. Conclusion Many Lebanese policy makers, particularly deans of medical schools, perceive the emigration of the physician workforce as an opportunity in the context of the globalization of the profession. PMID:22646478

What are Middle School Students Talking About During Clicker Questions? Characterizing Small-Group Conversations Mediated by Classroom Response Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barth-Cohen, Lauren A.; Smith, Michelle K.; Capps, Daniel K.; Lewin, Justin D.; Shemwell, Jonathan T.; Stetzer, MacKenzie R.

2016-02-01

There is a growing interest in using classroom response systems or clickers in science classrooms at both the university and K-12 levels. Typically, when instructors use this technology, students are asked to answer and discuss clicker questions with their peers. The existing literature on using clickers at the K-12 level has largely focused on the efficacy of clicker implementation, with few studies investigating collaboration and discourse among students. To expand on this work, we investigated the question: Does clicker use promote productive peer discussion among middle school science students? Specifically, we collected data from middle school students in a physical science course. Students were asked to answer a clicker question individually, discuss the question with their peers, answer the same question again, and then subsequently answer a new matched-pair question individually. We audio recorded the peer conversations to characterize the nature of the student discourse. To analyze these conversations, we used a grounded analysis approach and drew on literature about collaborative knowledge co-construction. The analysis of the conversations revealed that middle school students talked about science content and collaboratively discussed ideas. Furthermore, the majority of conversations, both ones that positively and negatively impacted student performance, contained evidence of collaborative knowledge co-construction.

An emigration versus a globalization perspective of the Lebanese physician workforce: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Akl, Elie A; Maroun, Nancy; Rahbany, Aline; Hagopian, Amy

2012-05-30

Lebanon is witnessing an increased emigration of physicians. The objective of this study was to understand the perceptions of Lebanese policymakers of this emigration, and elicit their proposals for future policies and strategies to deal with this emigration. We conducted semi-structured individual interviews with the deans of Lebanon's seven medical schools, the presidents of the two physicians professional associations, and governmental officials. We analyzed the results qualitatively. Participants differed in the assessment of the extent and gravity of emigration. Lebanon has a surplus of physicians, driven largely by the over-production of graduates by a growing number of medical schools. Participants cited advantages and disadvantages of the emigration on the personal, financial, medical education system, healthcare system, and national levels. Proposed strategies included limiting the number of students entering medical schools, creating job opportunities for graduating students, and implementing quality standards. Most participants acknowledged the globalization of the Lebanese physician workforce, including exchanges with the Gulf region, exchanges with developed countries, and the involvement of North American medical education institutions in the region. Many Lebanese policy makers, particularly deans of medical schools, perceive the emigration of the physician workforce as an opportunity in the context of the globalization of the profession.

The School-to-Prison Pipeline: A Primer for Social Workers.

PubMed

McCarter, Susan

2017-01-01

The school-to-prison pipeline (STPP) refers to a path from the education system to the juvenile or adult criminal justice system. Over the past two decades, this path has grown significantly, and scholars attribute a myriad of contributing factors to this increase. Each factor has its own impact and consequences, which are covered in detail based on an extensive literature review and macro practice through Race Matters for Juvenile Justice. Prior to the STPP concept, education had largely been considered a protective factor for children and a route to success as opposed to a risk factor or track toward juvenile justice involvement. Staying in school and getting good grades were regarded as strategies that even at-risk students could use to overcome poverty, prejudice, and powerlessness. But since the 1990s, the approach to discipline in U.S. public schools has changed, and the effects of this change are only now becoming evident. This article explains the correlates of the STPP and its disparate outcomes, most notably for students of color; those with disabilities; and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning students. The article concludes with implications for social workers in various settings and specific strategies for reducing the impact of the STPP. © 2016 National Association of Social Workers.

Effects of Interim Assessments on Student Achievement: Evidence from a Large-Scale Experiment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Konstantopoulos, Spyros; Miller, Shazia R.; van der Ploeg, Arie; Li, Wei

2016-01-01

We use data from a large-scale, school-level randomized experiment conducted in 2010-2011 in public schools in Indiana. Our sample includes more than 30,000 students in 70 schools. We examine the impact of two interim assessment programs (i.e., mCLASS in Grades K-2 and Acuity in Grades 3--8) on mathematics and reading achievement. Two-level models…

Voices from the Field: The Perceptions of Teachers and Principals on the Class Size Reduction Program in a Large Urban School District.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Munoz, Marco A.; Portes, Pedro R.

A class size reduction (CSR) program was implemented in a large low-performing urban elementary school district. The CSR program helps schools improve student learning by hiring additional teachers so that children in the early elementary grades can attend smaller classes. This study used a participant-oriented evaluation model to examine the…

Improving of Reading in High Schools: Outcomes of Ramp Up to Advanced Literacy in a Large Urban District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Munoz, Marco A.

2007-01-01

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of Ramp Up to Advanced Literacy, an unbundled Comprehensive School Reform (CSR) model, on the reading achievement of ninth grade students in a large urban school district in Kentucky. Using a pre- and posttest impact evaluation design, data from participating and non-participating…

The Effects of the Great Recession on Educational Attainment: Evidence from a Large Urban High School District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mordechay, Kfir

2017-01-01

Economic crises are a recurrent phenomenon in American society, yet there is little knowledge of the impacts on educational opportunity. Using data from a large high school district as a case study, this research explores the impact of the Great Recession (2007-2009) on high school senior graduation rates in an area at the epicenter of the…

Gaining Ground in the Middle Grades: Why Some Schools Do Better. A Large-Scale Study of Middle Grades Practices and Student Outcomes. Technical Appendix B

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

EdSource, 2010

2010-01-01

This appendix focuses on the descriptive statistics of the middle study schools that participated in the "Gaining Ground in the Middle Grades: Why Some Schools Do Better. A Large-Scale Study of Middle Grades Practices and Student Outcomes. Initial Research." This appendix contains the following figures: (1) Student…

Working with Secondary School Leadership in a Large-Scale Reform in London, UK: Consultants' Perspectives of Their Role as Agents of School Change and Improvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cameron, David Hagen

2010-01-01

This article uses a cultural and political theoretical framework to examine the relationship between consultants and secondary school leaders within a large-scale consultancy-based reform, the Secondary National Strategy (SNS), in London UK. The SNS follows a cascade model of implementation, in which nationally created initiatives are introduced…

Implementation of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions by New York City Public Schools to Prevent 2009 Influenza A

PubMed Central

Agolory, Simon G.; Barbot, Oxiris; Averhoff, Francisco; Weiss, Don; Wilson, Elisha; Egger, Joseph; Miller, Jeffery; Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu; Walton, Sabrina; Kahn, Emily

2013-01-01

Introduction Children are important transmitters of influenza in the community and a number of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including hand washing and use of hand sanitizer, have been recommended to mitigate the transmission of influenza, but limited information is available regarding schools' ability to implement these NPIs during an influenza outbreak. We evaluated implementation of NPIs during fall 2009 in response to H1N1 pandemic influenza (pH1N1) by New York City (NYC) public schools. Methods From January 25 through February 9, 2010, an online survey was sent to all the 1,632 NYC public schools and principals were asked to participate in the survey or to designate a school nurse or other school official with knowledge of school policies and characteristics to do so. Results Of 1,633 schools, 376(23%) accessed and completed the survey. Nearly all respondents (99%) implemented at least two NPIs. Schools that had a Flu Response Team (FRT) as a part of school emergency preparedness plan were more likely to implement the NPI guidelines recommended by NYC public health officials than schools that did not have a FRT. Designation of a room for isolating ill students, for example, was more common in schools with a FRT (72%) than those without (53%) (p<0.001). Conclusions Implementing an NPI program in a large school system to mitigate the effects of an influenza outbreak is feasible, but there is potential need for additional resources in some schools to increase capacity and adherence to all recommendations. Public health influenza-preparedness plans should include school preparedness planning and FRTs. PMID:23341877

Parental Education as a Determinant of School Choice: Comparative Study of School Types in Pakistan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Siddiqui, Nadia

2017-01-01

In Pakistan, school education is not compulsory for children and, therefore, sending a child to school is a matter of choice for parents. For those parents who choose school education for their children the options are government schools, private fees paid schools and Islamic education schools (Madrassahs). This research uses a large-scale survey…

Creating Change in the Large Urban Public Schools of the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heyman, Ernest L.; Vigil, Peter

2008-01-01

Minority groups make up a large share of the working and the non-working poor. Moreover, throughout the last several decades, many minority students in the large urban schools, particularly Hispanic, Native and African-American, have had a difficult time taking advantage of a public education. The major tension points and associated problems…

Anti-racist pedagogy: challenges faced by faculty of color in predominantly white schools of nursing.

PubMed

Hassouneh, Dena

2006-07-01

Despite the significant effects of systems of oppression on health, nursing education tends not to include anti-racist pedagogy in its curricula, preferring instead to focus more narrowly on culture. This narrow focus allows nurses to depoliticize discussions of race and other social differences, largely ignoring the influence that systems of oppression, imperialism, and historical trauma have had on health in marginalized populations. In contrast, anti-racist pedagogy educates students in ways that make racialized power relations explicit, deconstruct the social construction of race, and analyze interlocking systems of oppression that serve to marginalize and exclude some groups while privileging others. This article describes anti-racist pedagogy from the perspective of a faculty member of color, drawing on personal experience and a review of the anti-racist pedagogical literature. Specifically, this article highlights some of the personal and professional challenges faced by faculty of color when engaged in anti-racist pedagogy in predominantly white schools of nursing.

The Global Systems Science High School Curriculum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gould, A. D.; Sneider, C.; Farmer, E.; Erickson, J.

2015-12-01

Global Systems Science (GSS), a high school integrated interdisciplinary science project based at Lawrence Hall of Science at UC Berkeley, began in the early 1990s as a single book "Planet at Risk" which was only about climate change. Federal grants enabled the project to enlist about 150 teachers to field test materials in their classes and then meeting in summer institutes to share results and effect changes. The result was a series of smaller modules dealing not only with climate change, but other related topics including energy flow, energy use, ozone, loss of biodiversity, and ecosystem change. Other relevant societal issues have also been incorporated including economics, psychology and sociology. The course has many investigations/activities for student to pursue, interviews with scientists working in specific areas of research, and historical contexts. The interconnectedness of a myriad of small and large systems became an overarching theme of the resulting course materials which are now available to teachers for free online at http://www.globalsystemsscience.org/

Three High School After-School Initiatives: Lessons Learned

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barr, Sarah; Birmingham, Jennifer; Fornal, Jennifer; Klein, Rachel; Piha, Sam

2006-01-01

Little attention has been paid to older youth in the recent expansion of school-based after-school programs. High school clubs and community-based programs have existed for years, but many have struggled to sustain the participation of teens. Alarmed by the large numbers of high school-age youth who are disengaged at school and leaving high school…

From Districts to Schools: The Distribution of Resources across Schools in Big City School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rubenstein, Ross; Schwartz, Amy Ellen; Stiefel, Leanna; Amor, Hella Bel Hadj

2007-01-01

While the distribution of resources across school districts is well studied, relatively little attention has been paid to how resources are allocated to individual schools inside those districts. This paper explores the determinants of resource allocation across schools in large districts based on factors that reflect differential school costs or…

Linking the GLOBE Program With NASA and NSF Large-Scale Experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Filmer, P. E.

2005-12-01

NASA and the NSF, the sponsoring Federal agencies for the GLOBE Program, are seeking the participation of science teams who are working at the cutting edge of Earth systems science in large integrated Earth systems science programs. Connecting the GLOBE concept and structure with NASA and NSF's leading Earth systems science programs will give GLOBE schools and students access to top scientists, and expose them to programs that have been designated as scientific priorities. Students, teachers, parents, and their communities will be able to see how scientists of many disciplines work together to learn about the Earth system. The GLOBE solicitation released by the NSF targets partnerships between GLOBE and NSF/NASA-funded integrated Earth systems science programs. This presentation will focus on the goals and requirements of the NSF solicitation. Proponents will be expected to provide ways for the GLOBE community to interact with a group of scientists from their science programs as part of a wider joint Earth systems science educational strategy (the sponsoring agencies', GLOBE's, and the proposing programs'). Teams proposing to this solicitation must demonstrate: - A focus on direct connections with major NSF Geosciences and/or Polar Programs and/or NASA Earth-Sun research programs that are related to Earth systems science; - A demonstrable benefit to GLOBE and to NSF Geosciences and/or Polar Programs or NASA Earth-Sun education goals (providing access to program researchers and data, working with GLOBE in setting up campaigns where possible, using tested GLOBE or non-GLOBE protocols to the greatest extent possible, actively participating in the wider GLOBE community including schools, among other goals); - An international component; - How the existing educational efforts of the large science program will coordinate with GLOBE; - An Earth systems science education focus, rather than a GLOBE protocol-support focus; - A rigorous evaluation and assessment component that will collaborate with the Geosciences Education assessment contractor and with the GLOBE Office's evaluation and assessment activities; and - Contact and discussions with the GLOBE Office regarding understandings of roles and responsibilities. The following link is a PDF document with full explanation of the GLOBE Program's new direction.

VirSchool: The Effect of Background Music and Immersive Display Systems on Memory for Facts Learned in an Educational Virtual Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fassbender, Eric; Richards, Deborah; Bilgin, Ayse; Thompson, William Forde; Heiden, Wolfgang

2012-01-01

Game technology has been widely used for educational applications, however, despite the common use of background music in games, its effect on learning has been largely unexplored. This paper discusses how music played in the background of a computer-animated history lesson affected participants' memory for facts. A virtual history lesson was…

Improving Child Maltreatment Detection Systems: A Large-Scale Case Study Involving Health, Social Services, and School Professionals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cerezo, M.A.; Pons-Salvador, G.

2004-01-01

Objectives:: The purpose of this 5-year study was to improve detection in two consecutive phases: (a) To close the gap between the number of identified cases and the actual number of cases of child abuse by increasing detection; and (b) To increase the possibility of a broader spectrum of detection. Method:: The Balearic Islands (one of the…

The Devil's in the Details: Evidence from the GED on Large Effects of Small Differences in High Stakes Exams

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tyler, John H.; Murnane, Richard J.; Willett, John B.

2004-01-01

As part of standards-based educational reform efforts, more than 40 states will soon require students to achieve passing scores on standardized exams in order to obtain a high school diploma. Currently, many states are struggling with the design of their examination systems, debating such questions as which subjects should be tested, what should…

Strategic Performance Management: Organizing People and Their Work in the SEA of the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Redding, Sam; Layland, Allison

2015-01-01

A State Education Agency (SEA), whether in a large state or small, is responsible for a complex education system, responsive to a host of stakeholders, and charged with advocating for a multitude of students of all ages attending schools of every description. Much of what an SEA is tasked with accomplishing is set by external entities, from the…

"Four and Twenty Blackbirds": How Transcoding Ability Mediates the Relationship between Visuospatial Working Memory and Math in a Language with Inversion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van der Ven, Sanne H. G.; Klaiber, Jonathan D.; van der Maas, Han L. J.

2017-01-01

Writing down spoken number words (transcoding) is an ability that is predictive of math performance and related to working memory ability. We analysed these relationships in a large sample of over 25,000 children, from kindergarten to the end of primary school, who solved transcoding items with a computer adaptive system. Furthermore, we…

Predicting Early School Achievement with the EDI: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Forget-Dubois, Nadine; Lemelin, Jean-Pascal; Boivin, Michel; Dionne, Ginette; Seguin, Jean R.; Vitaro, Frank; Tremblay, Richard E.

2007-01-01

School readiness tests are significant predictors of early school achievement. Measuring school readiness on a large scale would be necessary for the implementation of intervention programs at the community level. However, assessment of school readiness is costly and time consuming. This study assesses the predictive value of a school readiness…

School Improvement: A Case of Competing Priorities!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pollock, Katina; Winton, Sue

2012-01-01

Maple Leaf School is a large English elementary school in Ontario, Canada. Wanda Miller, the principal, has been at the school for 2 years. Upon arrival, she engaged the teachers in a collaborative exercise to determine their school goal (as required by the province). Character education was selected. The district insisted that the school adopt an…

Freshman Year Dropouts: Interactions between Student and School Characteristics and Student Dropout Status

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zvoch, Keith

2006-01-01

Data from a large school district in the southwestern United States were analyzed to investigate relations between student and school characteristics and high school freshman dropout patterns. Application of a multilevel logistic regression model to student dropout data revealed evidence of school-to-school differences in student dropout rates and…

School Composition and Peer Effects in Distinctive Organizational Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marks, Helen M.

2002-01-01

This chapter reviews the research on school composition and peer effects from three comparative perspectives--Catholic and public schools, single-sex and coeducational schools, and small and large schools. Most of the research is sociological, focuses on high schools, and draws on national samples. The chapter seeks to discern cumulative trends in…

The Politics of School Choice in Two Countries with Large Private-Dependent Sectors (Spain and Chile): Family Strategies, Collective Action and Lobbying

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rambla, Xavier; Valiente, Oscar; Frias, Carla

2011-01-01

In many countries choice of school is an increasing concern for families and governments. In Spain and Chile, it is also associated with a long-standing political cleavage on the regulation of large sectors of private-dependent schools. This article analyses both the micro- and the macro-politics of choice in these two countries, where low-status…

Long term cardiovascular consequences of chronic lung disease of prematurity.

PubMed

Poon, Chuen Yeow; Edwards, Martin Oliver; Kotecha, Sailesh

2013-12-01

Pulmonary arterial (PA) hypertension in preterm infant is an important consequence of chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD) arising mainly due to impaired alveolar development and dysregulated angiogenesis of the pulmonary circulation. Although PA pressure and resistance in these children normalise by school age, their pulmonary vasculature remains hyper-reactive to hypoxia until early childhood. Furthermore, there is evidence that systemic blood pressure in preterm born children with or without CLD is mildly increased at school age and in young adulthood when compared to term-born children. Arterial stiffness may be increased in CLD survivors due to increased smooth muscle tone of the pre-resistance and resistance vessels rather than the loss of elasticity in the large arteries. This review explores the long term effects of CLD on the pulmonary and systemic circulations along with their clinical correlates and therapeutic approaches. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Adapted Minds and Evolved Schools

PubMed Central

Keil, Frank C.

2009-01-01

Evolutionary psychology raises questions about how cognitive adaptations might be related to the emergence of formal schooling. Is there a special role for natural domains of cognition such as folk physics, folk psychology and folk biology? These domains may vary from small fragments of reasoning to large integrated systems. This heterogeneity complicates claims about abilities to inhibit folk sciences and about how formal education exploits such inhibitory abilities. Moreover, formal education often needs to build on intuitive knowledge systems rather than inhibit them. Education must also reduce complex information to the right level of granularity and help students appreciate the limits of their understanding. This involves learning how to outsource understanding to other minds and to read intentions. Geary (2008) provides an important focus on these issues by suggesting that educational and evolutionary psychologists ask how the patterns found in each field might inform the other. PMID:19946618

Mobile phone tools for field-based health care workers in low-income countries.

PubMed

Derenzi, Brian; Borriello, Gaetano; Jackson, Jonathan; Kumar, Vikram S; Parikh, Tapan S; Virk, Pushwaz; Lesh, Neal

2011-01-01

In low-income regions, mobile phone-based tools can improve the scope and efficiency of field health workers. They can also address challenges in monitoring and supervising a large number of geographically distributed health workers. Several tools have been built and deployed in the field, but little comparison has been done to help understand their effectiveness. This is largely because no framework exists in which to analyze the different ways in which the tools help strengthen existing health systems. In this article we highlight 6 key functions that health systems currently perform where mobile tools can provide the most benefit. Using these 6 health system functions, we compare existing applications for community health workers, an important class of field health workers who use these technologies, and discuss common challenges and lessons learned about deploying mobile tools. © 2011 Mount Sinai School of Medicine.

Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables in Middle School Students Following the Implementation of a School District Wellness Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Young, Kathleen D.; Snelling, Anastasia; Maroto, Maya; Young, Katherine A.

2013-01-01

Purpose/Objectives: In 2010, a large urban school district implemented a district-wide school wellness policy that addressed childhood obesity by requiring schools to increase health and physical education contact hours for students and to improve the nutritional standards of school meals. Schools were required to serve a different fruit and…

Number Frequency in L1 Differentially Affects Immediate Serial Recall of Numbers in L2 Between Beginning and Intermediate Learners.

PubMed

Sumioka, Norihiko; Williams, Atsuko; Yamada, Jun

2016-12-01

A list number recall test in English (L2) was administered to both Japanese (L1) students with beginning-level English proficiency who attended evening high school and Japanese college students with intermediate-level English proficiency. The major findings were that, only for the high school group, the small numbers 1 and 2 in middle positions of lists were recalled better than the large numbers 8 and 9 and there was a significant correlation between number frequency in Japanese and recall performance. Equally intriguing was that in both groups for adjacent transposition errors, smaller numbers tended to appear in the first position and large numbers in the second; also, omission errors were commonly seen for larger numbers. These phenomena are interpreted as reflecting frequency and/or frequency-related effects. Briefly discussed were the bilingual short-term memory system, effects of number value, generality and implications of the findings, and weaknesses of the study.

Child Schooling in Ethiopia: The Role of Maternal Autonomy.

PubMed

Gebremedhin, Tesfaye Alemayehu; Mohanty, Itismita

2016-01-01

This paper examines the effects of maternal autonomy on child schooling outcomes in Ethiopia using a nationally representative Ethiopian Demographic and Health survey for 2011. The empirical strategy uses a Hurdle Negative Binomial Regression model to estimate years of schooling. An ordered probit model is also estimated to examine age grade distortion using a trichotomous dependent variable that captures three states of child schooling. The large sample size and the range of questions available in this dataset allow us to explore the influence of individual and household level social, economic and cultural factors on child schooling. The analysis finds statistically significant effects of maternal autonomy variables on child schooling in Ethiopia. The roles of maternal autonomy and other household-level factors on child schooling are important issues in Ethiopia, where health and education outcomes are poor for large segments of the population.

Concerns and Responses for Integrating Health Systems Science Into Medical Education.

PubMed

Gonzalo, Jed D; Caverzagie, Kelly J; Hawkins, Richard E; Lawson, Luan; Wolpaw, Daniel R; Chang, Anna

2018-06-01

With the aim of improving the health of individuals and populations, medical schools are transforming curricula to ensure physician competence encompasses health systems science (HSS), which includes population health, health policy, high-value care, interprofessional teamwork, leadership, quality improvement, and patient safety. Large-scale, meaningful integration remains limited, however, and a major challenge in HSS curricular transformation efforts relates to the receptivity and engagement of students, educators, clinicians, scientists, and health system leaders. The authors identify several widely perceived challenges to integrating HSS into medical school curricula, respond to each concern, and provide potential strategies to address these concerns, based on their experiences designing and integrating HSS curricula. They identify two broad categories of concerns: the (1) relevance and importance of learning HSS-including the perception that there is inadequate urgency for change; HSS education is too complex and should occur in later years; early students would not be able to contribute, and the roles already exist; and the science is too nascent-and (2) logistics and practicality of teaching HSS-including limited curricular time, scarcity of faculty educators with expertise, lack of support from accreditation agencies and licensing boards, and unpreparedness of evolving health care systems to partner with schools with HSS curricula. The authors recommend the initiation and continuation of discussions between educators, clinicians, basic science faculty, health system leaders, and accrediting and regulatory bodies about the goals and priorities of medical education, as well as about the need to collaborate on new methods of education to reach these goals.

The GLOBAL Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) Data Visualization and Retrieval System. Building a robust system for scientists and students.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Overoye, D.; Lewis, C.; Butler, D. M.; Andersen, T. J.

2016-12-01

The Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) Program is a worldwide hands-on, primary and secondary school-based science and education program founded on Earth Day 1995. Implemented in 117 countries, GLOBE promotes the teaching and learning of science, supporting students, teachers and scientists worldwide to collaborate with each other on inquiry-based investigations of the Earth system. The GLOBE Data Information System (DIS) currently supports users with the ability to enter data from over 50 different science protocols. GLOBE's Data Access and Visualization tools have been developed to accommodate the need to display and retrieve data from this large number of protocols. The community of users is also diverse, including NASA scientists, citizen scientists and grade school students. The challenge for GLOBE is to meet the needs from this diverse set of users with protocol specific displays that are simple enough for a GLOBE school to use, but also provide enough features for a NASA Scientist to retrieve data sets they are interested in. During the last 3 years, the GLOBE visualization system has evolved to meet the needs of these various users, leveraging user feedback and technological advances. Further refinements and enhancements continue. In this session we review the design and capabilities of the GLOBE visualization and data retrieval tool set, discuss the evolution of these tools, and discuss coming directions.

Over-adaptation and heart rate variability in Japanese high school girls.

PubMed

Sugawara, Yuko; Hiramoto, Izumi; Kodama, Hideya

2013-06-01

In the field of educational psychology in Japan, a model of "over-adaptation" has been applied to conceptualize the personality of students who are vulnerable to external stressors and prone to developing psychiatric problems. However, the influence of over-adaptation on physiological functions in adolescents is still largely unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between an over-adapted tendency and autonomic nervous system activities in high school girls. Circadian profiles of cardiac autonomic nervous system activities in 47 normal high school girls were evaluated using time-domain measures of heart rate variability (HRV) taken from 24-h ambulatory electrocardiogram recordings, and their relation to an over-adaptation scale composed of 5 subscales was evaluated. A significant increase in RMSSD (root mean square of successive difference of normal-to-normal beat intervals) during daytime (09:00-14:00) was observed in students who scored high on the sum of the over-adaptation subscales (n=6). Two of the over-adaptation subscales, namely, "self-restraint" and "self-insufficiency", were positively correlated with time-domain measures. Parasympathetic activity in over-adapted students was elevated during school, and this autonomic response was suggested to be linked to over-adaptation subscales related to repressed emotions in over-adapted students. Thus, in over-adapted students, repressing emotions appears to be a style of coping, and may lead to a quiet, emotionally stable life in school, which in turn may result in parasympathetic activation. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Healthier students are better learners: high-quality, strategically planned, and effectively coordinated school health programs must be a fundamental mission of schools to help close the achievement gap.

PubMed

Basch, Charles E

2011-10-01

To discuss implications for educational policy and practice relevant to closing the achievement gap based on the literature review and synthesis presented in 7 articles of the October 2011 special issue of the Journal of School Health. Implications for closing the achievement gap are drawn from analyses of current literature. During the past several decades, school reform efforts to close the achievement gap have focused on various strategies, yielding very limited progress. Educationally relevant health disparities influence students' motivation and ability to learn, but reducing these disparities has been largely overlooked as an element of an overall strategy for closing the achievement gap. If these health problems are not addressed, the educational benefits of other school reform efforts will be jeopardized. Healthier students are better learners. School health programs and services that are evidence based, strategically planned to influence academic achievement, and effectively coordinated warrant validation as a cohesive school improvement initiative for closing the achievement gap. National, state, and local responsibilities for supporting school health are outlined, including shared strategies; leadership from the U.S. Department of Education; policy development; guidance, technical assistance, and professional development; accountability and data and software systems; and a research agenda. To date, the U.S. Department of Education has not provided leadership for integrating evidence-based, strategically planned, and effectively coordinated school health programs and services into the fundamental mission of schools. Now is an opportune time for change. © 2011, American School Health Association.

Exposing and deposing hyper-economized school science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bencze, John Lawrence

2010-06-01

Despite indications of the problematic nature of laissez faire capitalism, such as the convictions of corporate leaders and the global financial crisis that appeared to largely stem from a de-regulated financial services industry, it seems clear that societies and environments continue to be strongly influenced by hyper-economized worldviews and practices. Given the importance of societal acceptance of a potentially dominant ideological perspective, it is logical to assume that it would be critical for students to be prepared to function in niches prioritizing unrestricted for-profit commodity exchanges. Indeed, in their article in this issue, Lyn Carter and Ranjith Dediwalage appear to support this claim in their analyses of the large-scale and expensive Australian curriculum and instruction project, Sustainability by the Bay. More specifically, they effectively demonstrate that this project manifests several characteristics that would suggest neoliberal and neoconservative influences—ideological perspectives that they argue are largely fundamental to the functioning of the global economic system. In this forum article, possible adverse effects of neoliberalism and neoconservatism on school science are discussed—with further justification for Carter and Dediwalage's concerns. Additionally, however, this article raises the possibility of subverting neoliberalism and neoconservatism in science education through application of communitarian ideals.

Universal screening increases the representation of low-income and minority students in gifted education.

PubMed

Card, David; Giuliano, Laura

2016-11-29

Low-income and minority students are substantially underrepresented in gifted education programs. The disparities persist despite efforts by many states and school districts to broaden participation through changes in their eligibility criteria. One explanation for the persistent gap is that standard processes for identifying gifted students, which are based largely on the referrals of parents and teachers, tend to miss qualified students from underrepresented groups. We study this hypothesis using the experiences of a large urban school district following the introduction of a universal screening program for second graders. Without any changes in the standards for gifted eligibility, the screening program led to large increases in the fractions of economically disadvantaged and minority students placed in gifted programs. Comparisons of the newly identified gifted students with those who would have been placed in the absence of screening show that Blacks and Hispanics, free/reduced price lunch participants, English language learners, and girls were all systematically "underreferred" in the traditional parent/teacher referral system. Our findings suggest that parents and teachers often fail to recognize the potential of poor and minority students and those with limited English proficiency.