International Perspectives on Education. BCES Conference Books, Volume 10

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Popov, Nikolay, Ed.; Wolhuter, Charl, Ed.; Leutwyler, Bruno, Ed.; Hilton, Gillian, Ed.; Ogunleye, James, Ed.; Almeida, Patrícia Albergaria, Ed.

2012-01-01

This volume contains papers submitted to the 10th Annual Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society, held in Kyustendil, Bulgaria, 12-15 June 2012. The overall goal of the 10th BCES conference is to facilitate discussion of different perspectives on international education providing a forum for scientific debate and constructive…

Perspectives on High School Reform. NCREL Viewpoints, Volume 13

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Learning Point Associates / North Central Regional Educational Laboratory (NCREL), 2005

2005-01-01

Viewpoints is a multimedia package containing two audio CDs and a brief, informative booklet. This volume of Viewpoints focuses on issues related to high school reform. This booklet offers background information explaining the issues surrounding high school reform with perspectives from research, policy, and practice. It also provides a list of…

Study for Teaching Behavioral Sciences in Schools of Medicine, Volume III: Behavioral Science Perspectives in Medical Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Sociological Association, Washington, DC. Medical Sociology Council.

Volume III of a study of teaching behavioral sciences in medical school presents perspectives on medical behavioral science from the viewpoints of the several behavioral disciplines (anthropology, psychology, sociology, political science, economics, behavioral biology and medical education). In addition, there is a discussion of translating…

Global Trends in Educational Policy. International Perspectives on Education and Society. Volume 6

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, David, Ed.; Wiseman, Alex, Ed.

2005-01-01

This volume of International Perspectives on Education and Society highlights the valuable role that educational policy plays in the development of education and society around the world. The role of policy in the development of education is crucial. Much rests on the decisions, support, and most of all resources that policymakers can either give…

Transforming Education: Global Perspectives, Experiences and Implications. Educational Psychology: Critical Pedagogical Perspectives. Volume 24

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeVillar, Robert A., Ed.; Jiang, Binbin, Ed.; Cummins, Jim, Ed.

2013-01-01

This research-based volume presents a substantive, panoramic view of ways in which Australia and countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North and South America engage in educational programs and practices to transform the learning processes and outcomes of their students. It reveals and analyzes national and global trajectories in key areas of…

Damage tolerance assessment handbook. Volume 1 : introduction, fracture mechanics, fatigue crack propagation

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-02-01

The handbook is presented in two volumes. This volume, Volume I, introduces the damage tolerance concept with an historical perspective followed by the fundamentals of fracture mechanics and fatigue crack propagation. Various fracture criteria and cr...

Landslides and Landscape Evolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Densmore, A. L.; Hovius, N.

2017-12-01

Landslides have long been recognised as a major hazard, and are a common product of both large earthquakes and rainstorms. Our appreciation for landslides as agents of erosion and land surface evolution, however, is much more recent. Only in the last twenty years have we come to understand the critical role that landslides play at the landscape scale: in allowing hillslopes to keep pace with fluvial incision, in supplying sediment to channel networks and sedimentary basins, in divide migration, and in setting the basic structure of the landscape. This perspective has been made possible in part by repeat remote sensing and new ways of visualising the land surface, and by extending our understanding of failure processes to the landscape scale; but it is also true that the big jumps in our knowledge have been triggered by large events, such as the 1999 Chi-Chi and 2008 Wenchuan earthquakes. Thanks in part to a relative handful of such case studies, we now have a better idea of the spatial distribution of landslides that are triggered in large events, the volume of sediment that they mobilise, the time scales over which that sediment is mobilised and evacuated, and the overall volume balance between erosion and tectonic processes in the growth of mountainous topography. There remain, however, some major challenges that must still be overcome. Estimates of landslide volume remain highly uncertain, as does our ability to predict the evolution of hillslope propensity to failure after a major triggering event, the movement of landslide sediment (especially the coarse fraction that is transported as bedload), and the impact of landslides on both long-term erosion rates and tectonic processes. The limited range of case studies also means that we struggle to predict outcomes for triggering events in different geological settings, such as loess landscapes or massive lithologies. And the perspective afforded by taking a landscape-scale view has yet to be fully reflected in our approach to landslide hazard. We close by outlining some promising future research directions by which these challenges might be overcome.

Entry Descent and Landing Workshop Proceedings. Volume 1; EDL Instrumentation Workshop Background and Motivation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Munk, Michelle M.; Lechniak, Jason

2015-01-01

Objective: Scope out a low-cost instrumentation effort for Discovery and/or New Frontiers-class missions, including acquisition strategy, for FY17-19 (TBR). This is intended to be a new Game-Changing project. MEDLI and MEDLI2 cost $25-$30M each. These costs are not sustainable. Solutions are too massive and large for small planetary missions. Share various perspectives and previous experiences; discuss costs. Establish the future mission needs and measurement/sensor priorities. Determine the best acquisition and phasing approach.

Dental Space Deficiency Syndrome: An Anthropological Perspective.

PubMed

Richman, Colin S

2017-03-01

A new syndrome in dentistry, the dental space deficiency syndrome is proposed in this article. Signs and symptoms of this entity may include one or more of the following clinical dental features: tooth crowding, gingival recession, tooth impactions, rapid resorption of facial alveolar bony plates following premature tooth loss, dentally oriented sleep disorders, extended orthodontic treatment time, and malocclusion relapse following orthodontic therapy. These oral conditions, individually or collectively, seem to be associated with both genetic and functional factors. From an anthropological-functional perspective, the human jaws (basal bone and/or alveolar bone) have been shrinking. This results in a three-dimensional discrepancy between jawbone and tooth volumes, which are genetically determined. Consequently, the reduced volume of alveolar bone is not adequately able to accommodate the associated genetically determined dentition in functional and esthetic harmony. This paper describes the common etiology for the conditions listed above, namely the discrepancy between alveolar bone volume (essentially determined by functionality), and associated tooth volume (essentially determined by genetics), when considered in a three-dimensional perspective.

The numerics of hydrostatic structured-grid coastal ocean models: State of the art and future perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klingbeil, Knut; Lemarié, Florian; Debreu, Laurent; Burchard, Hans

2018-05-01

The state of the art of the numerics of hydrostatic structured-grid coastal ocean models is reviewed here. First, some fundamental differences in the hydrodynamics of the coastal ocean, such as the large surface elevation variation compared to the mean water depth, are contrasted against large scale ocean dynamics. Then the hydrodynamic equations as they are used in coastal ocean models as well as in large scale ocean models are presented, including parameterisations for turbulent transports. As steps towards discretisation, coordinate transformations and spatial discretisations based on a finite-volume approach are discussed with focus on the specific requirements for coastal ocean models. As in large scale ocean models, splitting of internal and external modes is essential also for coastal ocean models, but specific care is needed when drying & flooding of intertidal flats is included. As one obvious characteristic of coastal ocean models, open boundaries occur and need to be treated in a way that correct model forcing from outside is transmitted to the model domain without reflecting waves from the inside. Here, also new developments in two-way nesting are presented. Single processes such as internal inertia-gravity waves, advection and turbulence closure models are discussed with focus on the coastal scales. Some overview on existing hydrostatic structured-grid coastal ocean models is given, including their extensions towards non-hydrostatic models. Finally, an outlook on future perspectives is made.

Damage tolerance assessment handbook. Volume 2 : airframe damage tolerance evaluation

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-02-01

The handbook is presented in two volumes. Volume I introduces the damage tolerance concept with an historical perspective followed by the fundamentals of fracture mechanics and fatigue crack propagation. Various fracture criteria and crack growth rul...

Volumetric visualization algorithm development for an FPGA-based custom computing machine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sallinen, Sami J.; Alakuijala, Jyrki; Helminen, Hannu; Laitinen, Joakim

1998-05-01

Rendering volumetric medical images is a burdensome computational task for contemporary computers due to the large size of the data sets. Custom designed reconfigurable hardware could considerably speed up volume visualization if an algorithm suitable for the platform is used. We present an algorithm and speedup techniques for visualizing volumetric medical CT and MR images with a custom-computing machine based on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). We also present simulated performance results of the proposed algorithm calculated with a software implementation running on a desktop PC. Our algorithm is capable of generating perspective projection renderings of single and multiple isosurfaces with transparency, simulated X-ray images, and Maximum Intensity Projections (MIP). Although more speedup techniques exist for parallel projection than for perspective projection, we have constrained ourselves to perspective viewing, because of its importance in the field of radiotherapy. The algorithm we have developed is based on ray casting, and the rendering is sped up by three different methods: shading speedup by gradient precalculation, a new generalized version of Ray-Acceleration by Distance Coding (RADC), and background ray elimination by speculative ray selection.

An experiential perspective on persecutory paranoia: a grounded theory construction.

PubMed

Boyd, Tom; Gumley, Andrew

2007-03-01

Recently there has been a large volume of research on persecutory paranoia. Evidence has emerged for the role of social factors in the development of paranoia. There have, however, been no studies that have collaborated with users to develop an experiential perspective on paranoia. This study used a social constructionist version of grounded theory to develop an experiential perspective on persecutory paranoia. Ten individuals who had experience of persecutory paranoia were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using the grounded theory method. A core process of fear and vulnerability was constructed. Subcategories of confusion and uncertainty, and self under attack contributed to the core process. These processes led to an engaging of the safety systems. Subthemes of these categories were identified. Many of these factors interacted to create the complex and dynamic experience of paranoia. Participants were often responding to genuinely frightening experiences but were also attacking themselves. Paranoia evolved as a mechanism of keeping oneself safe in dangerous situations. The need to negotiate a shared meaning of paranoia with users is emphasized. Direction for future research was discussed.

The View Finder: International Perspectives on Special Education Technology. Volume 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edyburn, Dave L.; And Others

The four articles in this monograph present issues in the application of technology to special education from an international perspective. In the first chapter, "Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems--Computer Applications for Individuals with Disabilities: An International Perspective," Richard Cardinali and George McMurdo…

Anchoring our Practice: Perspectives, Partnerships, Projections. Proceedings of the 2006 Annual International Conference of the Association of Tertiary Learning Advisors Aotearoa/New Zealand (ATLAANZ) (Tauranga, New Zealand, November 21-23, 2006). Volume 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fraser, Cath, Ed.; Ayo, Lin, Ed.

2007-01-01

This volume comprises the refereed proceedings of the 2006 ATLAANZ (Association of Tertiary Learning Advisors of Aotearoa/New Zealand) conference. The 11 articles are arranged according to the conference's sub-themes of perspectives, partnerships and projections relating to the work of learning advisors. In Chapter 1, Susan Crozier explores the…

Today's Delinquent. Volumes 1 and 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hurst, Hunter, Ed.; And Others

1983-01-01

This document contains the first two volumes of "Today's Delinquent," an annual publication of the National Center for Juvenile Justice. The primary focus of both volumes is serious crime by juveniles. Articles in volume one include: (1) "Violent Juvenile Crime: The Problem in Perspective" (Howard N. Snyder); (2) "Canon to the Left, Canon to the…

Single myelin fiber imaging in living rodents without labeling by deep optical coherence microscopy.

PubMed

Ben Arous, Juliette; Binding, Jonas; Léger, Jean-François; Casado, Mariano; Topilko, Piotr; Gigan, Sylvain; Boccara, A Claude; Bourdieu, Laurent

2011-11-01

Myelin sheath disruption is responsible for multiple neuropathies in the central and peripheral nervous system. Myelin imaging has thus become an important diagnosis tool. However, in vivo imaging has been limited to either low-resolution techniques unable to resolve individual fibers or to low-penetration imaging of single fibers, which cannot provide quantitative information about large volumes of tissue, as required for diagnostic purposes. Here, we perform myelin imaging without labeling and at micron-scale resolution with >300-μm penetration depth on living rodents. This was achieved with a prototype [termed deep optical coherence microscopy (deep-OCM)] of a high-numerical aperture infrared full-field optical coherence microscope, which includes aberration correction for the compensation of refractive index mismatch and high-frame-rate interferometric measurements. We were able to measure the density of individual myelinated fibers in the rat cortex over a large volume of gray matter. In the peripheral nervous system, deep-OCM allows, after minor surgery, in situ imaging of single myelinated fibers over a large fraction of the sciatic nerve. This allows quantitative comparison of normal and Krox20 mutant mice, in which myelination in the peripheral nervous system is impaired. This opens promising perspectives for myelin chronic imaging in demyelinating diseases and for minimally invasive medical diagnosis.

Single myelin fiber imaging in living rodents without labeling by deep optical coherence microscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ben Arous, Juliette; Binding, Jonas; Léger, Jean-François; Casado, Mariano; Topilko, Piotr; Gigan, Sylvain; Claude Boccara, A.; Bourdieu, Laurent

2011-11-01

Myelin sheath disruption is responsible for multiple neuropathies in the central and peripheral nervous system. Myelin imaging has thus become an important diagnosis tool. However, in vivo imaging has been limited to either low-resolution techniques unable to resolve individual fibers or to low-penetration imaging of single fibers, which cannot provide quantitative information about large volumes of tissue, as required for diagnostic purposes. Here, we perform myelin imaging without labeling and at micron-scale resolution with >300-μm penetration depth on living rodents. This was achieved with a prototype [termed deep optical coherence microscopy (deep-OCM)] of a high-numerical aperture infrared full-field optical coherence microscope, which includes aberration correction for the compensation of refractive index mismatch and high-frame-rate interferometric measurements. We were able to measure the density of individual myelinated fibers in the rat cortex over a large volume of gray matter. In the peripheral nervous system, deep-OCM allows, after minor surgery, in situ imaging of single myelinated fibers over a large fraction of the sciatic nerve. This allows quantitative comparison of normal and Krox20 mutant mice, in which myelination in the peripheral nervous system is impaired. This opens promising perspectives for myelin chronic imaging in demyelinating diseases and for minimally invasive medical diagnosis.

The accidental introduction of invasive animals as hitchhikers through inanimate pathways: a New Zealand perspective.

PubMed

Toy, S J; Newfield, M J

2010-04-01

Hitchhiker organisms have been known since the earliest days of international travel, but changes in global trade mean that there are more now than ever before. They include a number of serious invasive species and are among the most difficult of quarantine problems to manage. Invasive animals transported as hitchhikers, other than plant pests, fall largely outside the international frameworks for biosecurity risk analysis. However, this is not necessarily a barrierto either risk analysis or effective management. While there are a number of challenges in managing hitchhiker organisms, the risk analysis tools that are needed already exist. However, opening up access to appropriate information, increasing international cooperation and developing new biosecurity treatments suitable for large-volume pathways will enable significant improvements.

Theories on Drug Abuse: Selected Contemporary Perspectives. Research Monograph 30.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lettieri, Dan J., Ed.; And Others

This volume presents various theoretical orientations and perspectives of the drug abuse research field, derived from the social and biomedical sciences. The first section contains a separate theoretical overview for each of the 43 theories or perspectives. The second section contains five chapters which correspond to the five components of a drug…

Advances in Library Administration and Organization. Volume 20.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garten, Edward D., Ed.; Williams, Delmus E., Ed.

This volume of the "Advances in Library Administration and Organization" offers 11 perspectives to practitioners trying to make sense of the issues that must daily be confronted by library administrators in an environment of ongoing change. This 20th volume includes: "Choice, Responsibility and Work: Rhetoric in a University Library…

Single stock dynamics on high-frequency data: from a compressed coding perspective.

PubMed

Fushing, Hsieh; Chen, Shu-Chun; Hwang, Chii-Ruey

2014-01-01

High-frequency return, trading volume and transaction number are digitally coded via a nonparametric computing algorithm, called hierarchical factor segmentation (HFS), and then are coupled together to reveal a single stock dynamics without global state-space structural assumptions. The base-8 digital coding sequence, which is capable of revealing contrasting aggregation against sparsity of extreme events, is further compressed into a shortened sequence of state transitions. This compressed digital code sequence vividly demonstrates that the aggregation of large absolute returns is the primary driving force for stimulating both the aggregations of large trading volumes and transaction numbers. The state of system-wise synchrony is manifested with very frequent recurrence in the stock dynamics. And this data-driven dynamic mechanism is seen to correspondingly vary as the global market transiting in and out of contraction-expansion cycles. These results not only elaborate the stock dynamics of interest to a fuller extent, but also contradict some classical theories in finance. Overall this version of stock dynamics is potentially more coherent and realistic, especially when the current financial market is increasingly powered by high-frequency trading via computer algorithms, rather than by individual investors.

Single Stock Dynamics on High-Frequency Data: From a Compressed Coding Perspective

PubMed Central

Fushing, Hsieh; Chen, Shu-Chun; Hwang, Chii-Ruey

2014-01-01

High-frequency return, trading volume and transaction number are digitally coded via a nonparametric computing algorithm, called hierarchical factor segmentation (HFS), and then are coupled together to reveal a single stock dynamics without global state-space structural assumptions. The base-8 digital coding sequence, which is capable of revealing contrasting aggregation against sparsity of extreme events, is further compressed into a shortened sequence of state transitions. This compressed digital code sequence vividly demonstrates that the aggregation of large absolute returns is the primary driving force for stimulating both the aggregations of large trading volumes and transaction numbers. The state of system-wise synchrony is manifested with very frequent recurrence in the stock dynamics. And this data-driven dynamic mechanism is seen to correspondingly vary as the global market transiting in and out of contraction-expansion cycles. These results not only elaborate the stock dynamics of interest to a fuller extent, but also contradict some classical theories in finance. Overall this version of stock dynamics is potentially more coherent and realistic, especially when the current financial market is increasingly powered by high-frequency trading via computer algorithms, rather than by individual investors. PMID:24586235

Current Perspectives in Distributive Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klaurens, Mary K., Ed.; Trapnell, Gail, Ed.

The volume on current perspectives in distributive education contains 29 individually authored articles organized into three sections. The first section on program conceptualization deals with the following subjects: the evolution of distributive education, program planning, advisory committees, placement services, postsecondary distributive…

Education Provision to Every One: Comparing Perspectives from around the World. BCES Conference Books, Volume 14, Number 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Popov, Nikolay, Ed.; Wolhuter, Charl, Ed.; Kalin, Jana, Ed.; Hilton, Gillian, Ed.; Ogunleye, James, Ed.; Niemczyk, Ewelina, Ed.

2016-01-01

Papers from the proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society was submitted in two volumes. Volume 1 contains papers submitted at the conference held in Sofia, Bulgaria, June 14-17, 2016. Volume 2 contains papers submitted at the 4th International Partner Conference of the International Research Centre…

Education Provision to Every One: Comparing Perspectives from around the World. BCES Conference Books, Volume 14, Number 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chigisheva, Oksana, Ed.; Popov, Nikolay, Ed.

2016-01-01

Papers from the proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society were submitted in two volumes. Volume 1 contains papers submitted at the conference held in Sofia, Bulgaria, June 14-17, 2016. Volume 2 contains papers submitted at the 4th International Partner Conference of the International Research Centre…

Adolescence in New Zealand. Volume Two: Wider Perspectives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Robert A. C., Ed.

This is the second of a two-volume collection of research-based readings dealing with the New Zealand adolescent. This volume considers the areas of drugs and delinquency, as well as the world of work and Maori-pakeha differences. The following topics are included: marihuana use; vocational aspiration; alcohol and tobacco use; Maori-pakeha…

Current Status of Prostate Artery Embolization for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Review of World Literature.

PubMed

Jones, Patrick; Rai, Bhavan Prasad; Nair, Rajesh; Somani, Bhaskar K

2015-10-01

Prostate artery embolization has emerged as a promising treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, although it has gained increasing attention in radiology literature, it remains under-reported from a urologic perspective. We aim at providing an up-to-date review of this minimally invasive technique. Evidence suggests it is a promising and effective option for patients with large prostate volumes, multiple comorbidities, and suboptimal results from pharmacotherapy. Larger, randomized studies with longer follow-up periods are needed for this technique to be formally established in the urology community. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Quantifying Trading Behavior in Financial Markets Using Google Trends

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Preis, Tobias; Moat, Helen Susannah; Stanley, H. Eugene

2013-04-01

Crises in financial markets affect humans worldwide. Detailed market data on trading decisions reflect some of the complex human behavior that has led to these crises. We suggest that massive new data sources resulting from human interaction with the Internet may offer a new perspective on the behavior of market participants in periods of large market movements. By analyzing changes in Google query volumes for search terms related to finance, we find patterns that may be interpreted as ``early warning signs'' of stock market moves. Our results illustrate the potential that combining extensive behavioral data sets offers for a better understanding of collective human behavior.

Quantifying Trading Behavior in Financial Markets Using Google Trends

PubMed Central

Preis, Tobias; Moat, Helen Susannah; Stanley, H. Eugene

2013-01-01

Crises in financial markets affect humans worldwide. Detailed market data on trading decisions reflect some of the complex human behavior that has led to these crises. We suggest that massive new data sources resulting from human interaction with the Internet may offer a new perspective on the behavior of market participants in periods of large market movements. By analyzing changes in Google query volumes for search terms related to finance, we find patterns that may be interpreted as “early warning signs” of stock market moves. Our results illustrate the potential that combining extensive behavioral data sets offers for a better understanding of collective human behavior. PMID:23619126

IQARIS : a tool for the intelligent querying, analysis, and retrieval from information systems.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hummel, J. R.; Silver, R. B.

Information glut is one of the primary characteristics of the electronic age. Managing such large volumes of information (e.g., keeping track of the types, where they are, their relationships, who controls them, etc.) can be done efficiently with an intelligent, user-oriented information management system. The purpose of this paper is to describe a concept for managing information resources based on an intelligent information technology system developed by the Argonne National Laboratory for managing digital libraries. The Argonne system, Intelligent Query (IQ), enables users to query digital libraries and view the holdings that match the query from different perspectives.

Taking Open Innovation to the Molecular Level - Strengths and Limitations.

PubMed

Zdrazil, Barbara; Blomberg, Niklas; Ecker, Gerhard F

2012-08-01

The ever-growing availability of large-scale open data and its maturation is having a significant impact on industrial drug-discovery, as well as on academic and non-profit research. As industry is changing to an 'open innovation' business concept, precompetitive initiatives and strong public-private partnerships including academic research cooperation partners are gaining more and more importance. Now, the bioinformatics and cheminformatics communities are seeking for web tools which allow the integration of this large volume of life science datasets available in the public domain. Such a data exploitation tool would ideally be able to answer complex biological questions by formulating only one search query. In this short review/perspective, we outline the use of semantic web approaches for data and knowledge integration. Further, we discuss strengths and current limitations of public available data retrieval tools and integrated platforms.

Infusing a Global Perspective into the Study of Agriculture: Student Activities Volume II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Robert A., Ed.

These student activities are designed to be used in a variety of places in the curriculum to provide a global perspective for students as they study agriculture. This document is not a unit of instruction; rather, teachers are encouraged to study the materials and decide which will be helpful in adding a global perspective to the learning…

Historical unrest at large calderas of the world

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Newhall, C.A.; Dzurisin, D.

1989-09-01

This is a remarkable reference for researchers interested in volcanic hazards and silicic volcanism. Because of long repose and often obscure shapes and large size calderas are a volcanic type less obvious and less well studied. Because they represent potentially highly dangerous and highly explosive volcanos which could have large-scale and even global impact when they erupt, it is very important to understand their behavior. This new volume represents an extensive effort at compiling real observations at earth's calderas. The authors manage to incorporate a very impressive list of original references that go far beyond standard volcanological literature and alsomore » often extend back many centuries to include the perspective of longer historic time at some calderas. If volcanologists are serious about eruption forecasting, they must be willing to dig out and absorb the lessons of historic observations as well as design instruments and make good measurements. There is an initial introductory chapter of 27 pages which attempts to lead the way to interpretation of various patterns of caldera unrest, based on synthesis of the various individual cases. The meat of the volumes is in sections on the individual calderas, enriched with many maps and figures documenting the caldera unrest. A valuable asset of the compilation is its broad scope, which incorporates the activity of related or possibly related cones, domes, solfataras, etc., with the parent ( ) caldera.« less

Indigenous Education and Empowerment: International Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abu-Saad, Ismael, Ed.; Champagne, Duane, Ed.

2005-01-01

Indigenous people have often been confronted with education systems that ignore their cultural and historical perspectives. This insightful volume contributes to the understanding of indigenous empowerment through education, and creates a new foundation for implementing specialized indigenous/minority education worldwide, engaging the simultaneous…

Further studies to extend and test the area-time-integral technique applied to satellite data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Paul L.; Vonderhaar, Thomas H.

1993-01-01

The principal goal of this project is to establish relationships that would allow application of area-time integral (ATI) calculations based upon satellite data to estimate rainfall volumes. The research has been pursued using two different approaches, which for convenience can be designated as the 'fixed-threshold approach' and the 'variable-threshold approach'. In the former approach, an attempt is made to determine a single temperature threshold in the satellite infrared data that would yield ATI values for identifiable cloud clusters which are most closely related to the corresponding rainfall amounts. Results thus far have indicated that a strong correlation exists between the rain volumes and the satellite ATI values, but the optimum threshold for this relationship seems to differ from one geographic location to another. The difference is probably related to differences in the basic precipitation mechanisms that dominate in the different regions. The average rainfall rate associated with each cloudy pixel is also found to vary across the spectrum of ATI values. Work on the second, or 'variable-threshold', approach for determining the satellite ATI values was essentially suspended during this period due to exhaustion of project funds. Most of the ATI work thus far has dealt with cloud clusters from the Lagrangian or 'floating-target' point of view. For many purposes, however, the Eulerian or 'fixed-target' perspective is more appropriate. For a very large target area encompassing entire cluster life histories, the rain volume-ATI relationship would obviously be the same in either case. The important question for the Eulerian perspective is how small the fixed area can be made while maintaining consistency in that relationship.

Analysis of the Italian generic medicines retail market: recommendations to enhance long-term sustainability.

PubMed

Dylst, Pieter; Vulto, Arnold; Simoens, Steven

2015-02-01

Italy is among the European countries with the lowest uptake of generic medicines. This paper provides a perspective on the Italian generic medicines retail market. Fast market entrance of generic medicines in Italy is hindered by several factors: the existence of Complementary Protection Certificates in the past, the large market for copies and multiple cases of patent linkage. Prices of generic medicines in Italy are low compared to other European countries. To contain pharmaceutical expenditure, pharmaceutical companies are currently forced to pay back in case of overspending, which disproportionally penalizes small and fast growing companies, to which most generic companies belong to. Current demand-side policies do not successfully stimulate the use of generic medicines. The current market environment surrounding the Italian generic medicines retail market (i.e., low prices, low volumes) threatens its long-term sustainability. Recommendations to enhance the long-term sustainability of the Italian generic medicines retail market round off this perspective paper.

Radiation shielding for deep space manned missions by cryogen free superconducting magnets.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spillantini, Piero

In last years some activity was dedicated to the solution of the following problem: can be artificially created, around a space vehicle in a manned interplanetary travel or around a manned `space base' in deep space, a magnetic field approaching as much as possible the terrestrial one in terms of bending power on the arriving particles? Preliminary evaluations for active shielding based on superconducting magnets were made a few years ago in ESA supported studies. The present increasing interest of permanent space `bases' located in `deep' space requires that this activity continue toward the goal of protecting from Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) a large volume `habitat', allowing long duration permanence in space to citizens conducting there `normal' activities besides to a restricted number of astronauts. The problem had to be stated at this global scale because it must be afforded as soon as possible for preparing the needed technologies and their integration in the spacecraft designs for the future manned exploration and for inhabitation of deep space. The realization of the magnetic protection of large volume habitats by well-established nowadays materials and techniques is in principle possible, but not workable in practice for the huge required mass of the superconductor, the too low operating temperature (10K) and the corresponding required cooling power and thermal shielding. The concept of Cryogen Free Superconducting Magnets is the only one practicable. Fast progress in the production of reliable High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) or MgB2 cables and of cryocoolers suitable for space operation opens the perspective of practicable solutions. Quantitative evaluations for the protection of large volume habitats in deep space from GCRs are reported and discussed.

Black Adolescents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Reginald L., Ed.

This volume presents an overview of contemporary black adolescents from social, psychological, economic, educational, medical, historical, and comparative perspectives, with most emphasizing the roles that race, socioeconomic status, and environmental forces play in this critical period. The volume includes 19 chapters by various authors arranged…

Facing Up to the Learning Organisation Challenge: Key Issues from a European Perspective. Volume I. CEDEFOP Reference Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nyhan, Barry; Cressey, Peter; Tomassini, Massimo; Kelleher, Michael; Poell, Rob

This first volume of a two-volume publication provides an analytical overview of main questions emerging from recent European research and development projects related to the learning organization. Chapter 1 provides context for the European learning organization challenge and presents four main messages arising from the learning organization…

La Experiencia Mexicana (The Mexican Experience). Volumes I and II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finer, Neal B.

Designed to be used as part of a comprehensive social studies program on Mexican culture, this two-volume manual, written in Spanish, offers an instructional package on Mexican culture, stressing an art-architecture perspective, which can be used at the secondary, college and adult levels. The teacher's guide, Volume I, includes a discussion of a…

Behavioral Disorders: Practice Concerns and Students with EBD. Advances in Special Education. Volume 23

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bakken, Jeffrey P., Ed.; Obiakor, Festus E., Ed.; Rotatori, Anthony F., Ed.

2012-01-01

Volumes 22 and 23 of the "Advances in Special Education" address the current top perspectives and issues in the field of emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) by providing chapters written by active researchers and scholarly university professors who specialize in this area. Volume 22 first delineates legal issues, themes, and dimensions…

A Curriculum Activities Guide to Water Pollution and Environmental Studies, Volume I - Activities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hershey, John T., Ed.; And Others

This publication, Volume I of a two volume set, consists of many tested water pollution study activities. The activities are grouped into four headings: (1) Hydrologic Cycle, (2) Human Activities, (3) Ecological Perspectives, and (4) Social and Political Factors. Three levels of activities are provided: (1) those which increase awareness, (2)…

The China Educational Development Yearbook, Volume 2. The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Yearbooks: Educational Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dongping, Yang, Ed.; Chungqing, Chai, Ed.

2010-01-01

The second volume of the English-language The China Educational Development Yearbook offers international scholars a glimpse into key issues in Chinese education today from the perspective of Chinese academics, practitioners, and applied researchers. An edited translation of the 2009 volume of the Chinese-language "Blue Book of…

Noise Exposure Model MOD-5 : Volume 1

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-06-01

The report contains three sections. The first two sections are contained in Volume 1. It contains an airport analysis which describes the noise exposure model MOD-5 from the perspective of analysing an airport in order to develop the program input mo...

Social Class and Education: Global Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weis, Lois, Ed.; Dolby, Nadine, Ed.

2012-01-01

"Social Class and Education: Global Perspectives" is the first empirically grounded volume to explore the intersections of class, social structure, opportunity, and education on a truly global scale. Fifteen essays from contributors representing the US, Europe, China, Latin America and other regions offer an unparralleled examination of…

Small Nations in Multinational Operations and Armenian Perspectives

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-12

National Security Powers: Are the Checks in Balance?” In U.S. Army War College Guide to National Security Issues, Volume II: National Security Policy and...SMALL NATIONS IN MULTINATIONAL OPERATIONS AND ARMENIAN PERSPECTIVES A thesis presented to the Faculty of the U.S. Army

Workplace Perspectives on Education and Training. Volume I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doeringer, Peter B., Ed.

Selections from materials developed for a National Institute of Education two-day workshop to examine workplace perspectives on education and training policy are presented. Participants included employer and trade union representatives, education and training specialists, policy analysts, and government officials. Part I on national perspectives…

Drinking water consumption patterns in Canadian communities (2001-2007).

PubMed

Roche, S M; Jones, A Q; Majowicz, S E; McEwen, S A; Pintar, K D M

2012-03-01

A pooled analysis of seven cross-sectional studies from Newfoundland and Labrador, Waterloo and Hamilton Regions, Ontario and Vancouver, East Kootenay and Northern Interior Regions, British Columbia (2001 to 2007) was performed to investigate the drinking water consumption patterns of Canadians and to identify factors associated with the volume of tap water consumed. The mean volume of tap water consumed was 1.2 L/day, with a large range (0.03 to 9.0 L/day). In-home water treatment and interactions between age and gender and age and bottled water use were significantly associated with the volume of tap water consumed in multivariable analyses. Approximately 25% (2,221/8,916) of participants were classified as bottled water users, meaning that 75% or more of their total daily drinking water intake was bottled. Approximately 48.6% (4,307/8,799) of participants used an in-home treatment method to treat their tap water for drinking purposes. This study provides a broader geographic perspective and more current estimates of Canadian water consumption patterns than previous studies. The identified factors associated with daily water consumption could be beneficial for risk assessors to identify individuals who may be at greater risk of waterborne illness.

Perspectives of Adjustment: Rural Chicano Youth. Volume 1 of a Four Volume Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henry, William F.; Miles, Guy H.

The objective of this volume (findings of the first 2 phases of a 4 phase research program) was to develop hypotheses (to be tested in future Federal youth programs) about the critical variables affecting the social and occupational adjustment of rural youth of Spanish surname. Some 59 hypotheses were derived from a literature survey, supplemented…

Behavioral Disorders: Identification, Assessment, and Instruction of Students with EBD. Advances in Special Education. Volume 22

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bakken, Jeffrey P., Ed.; Obiakor, Festus E., Ed.; Rotatori, Anthony F., Ed.

2012-01-01

Volumes 22 and 23 of "Advances in Special Education" address the current top perspectives and issues in the field of EBD by providing chapters written by active researchers and scholarly university professors who specialize in this area. Volume 22 first delineates legal issues, themes, and dimensions related to the historical development of the…

Mental Health, Racism, and Sexism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Willie, Charles V., Ed.; And Others

This volume, successor to the 1973 volume "Racism and Mental Health," presents a range of perspectives on mental health, prejudice, and discrimination. Contributors are of multiracial, multiethnic, and gender-diverse backgrounds. They use their existential experiences to analyze pressing mental health and mental illness issues. Contributions…

Crowdsourced 'R&D' and medical research.

PubMed

Callaghan, Christian William

2015-09-01

Crowdsourced R&D, a research methodology increasingly applied to medical research, has properties well suited to large-scale medical data collection and analysis, as well as enabling rapid research responses to crises such as disease outbreaks. Multidisciplinary literature offers diverse perspectives of crowdsourced R&D as a useful large-scale medical data collection and research problem-solving methodology. Crowdsourced R&D has demonstrated 'proof of concept' in a host of different biomedical research applications. A wide range of quality and ethical issues relate to crowdsourced R&D. The rapid growth in applications of crowdsourced R&D in medical research is predicted by an increasing body of multidisciplinary theory. Further research in areas such as artificial intelligence may allow better coordination and management of the high volumes of medical data and problem-solving inputs generated by the crowdsourced R&D process. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Research Paradigms, Television, and Social Behavior.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Asamen, Joy Keiko, Ed.; Berry, Gordon L., Ed.

Straightforward and engaging in style, this book presents 10 essays that provide concrete, step-by-step examples of how to conduct studies of the impact of television on behavior from quantitative perspectives, qualitative perspectives, and an integrated approach, making the volume useful for both undergraduate and graduate students. Its…

Perspectives in Peer Programs. Volume 28, Number 1, Winter 2018

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tindall, Judith, Ed.; Black, David R., Ed.; Routson, Sue, Ed.

2018-01-01

This issue of "Perspectives in Peer Programs," the official journal of the National Association of Peer Program Professionals (NAPP), includes: (1) Introduction to this Issue on NAPPP Programmatic Standards Checklist, Programmatic Standards, Ethics, and Rubric; (2) NAPPP Programmatic Standards Checklist; (3) NAPPP Programmatic Standards;…

Dry etching of metallization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bollinger, D.

1983-01-01

The production dry etch processes are reviewed from the perspective of microelectronic fabrication applications. The major dry etch processes used in the fabrication of microelectronic devices can be divided into two categories - plasma processes in which samples are directly exposed to an electrical discharge, and ion beam processes in which samples are etched by a beam of ions extracted from a discharge. The plasma etch processes can be distinguished by the degree to which ion bombardment contributes to the etch process. This, in turn is related to capability for anisotropic etching. Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) and Ion Beam Etching are of most interest for etching of thin film metals. RIE is generally considered the best process for large volume, anisotropic aluminum etching.

The Current State of Data Transmission Channels from Pushchino to Moscow and Perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dumsky, D. V.; Isaev, E. A.; Samodurov, V. A.; Shatskaya, M. V.

Since the work of a unique space radio telescope in the international VLBI project "Radioastron" extended to 2017 the transmission and storage of large volumes of scientific and telemetry data obtained during the experiments is still remains actual. This project is carried out by the Astro Space Center of Lebedev Physical Institute in Moscow, Russia. It requires us to maintain in operating state the high-speed link to merge into a single LAN buffer data center in Puschino and scientific information center in Moscow. Still relevant the chanal equipment monitoring system, and storage systems, as well as the timely replacement of hardware and software upgrades, backups, and documentation of the network infrastructure.

Scale Up in Education. Volume 1: Ideas in Principle

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schneider, Barbara Ed.; McDonald, Sarah-Kathryn Ed.

2006-01-01

"Scale Up in Education, Volume 1: Ideas in Principle" examines the challenges of "scaling up" from a multidisciplinary perspective. It brings together contributions from disciplines that routinely take promising innovations to scale, including medicine, business, engineering, computing, and education. Together the contributors explore appropriate…

Annual Perspectives in Mathematics Education 2016: Mathematical Modeling and Modeling Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hirsch, Christian R., Ed.; McDuffie, Amy Roth, Ed.

2016-01-01

Mathematical modeling plays an increasingly important role both in real-life applications--in engineering, business, the social sciences, climate study, advanced design, and more--and within mathematics education itself. This 2016 volume of "Annual Perspectives in Mathematics Education" ("APME") focuses on this key topic from a…

Technology Challenges and Opportunities for Very Large In-Space Structural Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Belvin, W. Keith; Dorsey, John T.; Watson, Judith J.

2009-01-01

Space solar power satellites and other large space systems will require creative and innovative concepts in order to achieve economically viable designs. The mass and volume constraints of current and planned launch vehicles necessitate highly efficient structural systems be developed. In addition, modularity and in-space deployment/construction will be enabling design attributes. While current space systems allocate nearly 20 percent of the mass to the primary structure, the very large space systems of the future must overcome subsystem mass allocations by achieving a level of functional integration not yet realized. A proposed building block approach with two phases is presented to achieve near-term solar power satellite risk reduction with accompanying long-term technology advances. This paper reviews the current challenges of launching and building very large space systems from a structures and materials perspective utilizing recent experience. Promising technology advances anticipated in the coming decades in modularity, material systems, structural concepts, and in-space operations are presented. It is shown that, together, the current challenges and future advances in very large in-space structural systems may provide the technology pull/push necessary to make solar power satellite systems more technically and economically feasible.

Adventist Perspectives on Faith Integration: Subject Index for "Christ in the Classroom," Volumes 1-20

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burton, Larry D.

2017-01-01

This article presents a bibliography of essays focused on the integration of faith and learning (IFL) from the "Christ in the Classroom" collection. The contents of the first 20 (of a total of 40) volumes of this collection are organized here by subject area. An index for the remaining volumes will be published in 2018. All essays are…

Perspectives on the Structure of American Agriculture. Volume II: Federal Farm Policies--Their Effects on Low-Income Farmers and Rural Communities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coughlin, Kenneth M., Ed.

Agriculture and farming are the economic context for rural education. This is the second of two volumes of papers describing the impact of national agricultural policy on the poor. The nine articles in this volume (shot-titled below) analyze federal policy from the standpoint of the low-income farmer: (1) "Agricultural Price Supports,"…

The Global 2000 Report to the President: Entering the Twenty-First Century. Volume Two--The Technical Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council on Environmental Quality, Washington, DC.

This second volume of the Global 2000 study presents a technical report of detailed projections and analyses. It is a U.S. government effort to present a long-term global perspective on population, resources, and environment. The volume has four parts. Approximately half of the report, part one, deals with projections for the future in the areas…

Handbook of Early Literacy Research. Volume 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dickinson, David K., Ed.; Neuman, Susan B., Ed.

2006-01-01

Current research increasingly highlights the role of early literacy in young children's development--and informs practices and policies that promote success among diverse learners. This handbook presents cutting-edge knowledge on all aspects of literacy learning in the early years. Volume 2 provides additional perspectives on important topics…

Development of Multi-perspective Diagnostics and Analysis Algorithms with Applications to Subsonic and Supersonic Combustors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wickersham, Andrew Joseph

There are two critical research needs for the study of hydrocarbon combustion in high speed flows: 1) combustion diagnostics with adequate temporal and spatial resolution, and 2) mathematical techniques that can extract key information from large datasets. The goal of this work is to address these needs, respectively, by the use of high speed and multi-perspective chemiluminescence and advanced mathematical algorithms. To obtain the measurements, this work explored the application of high speed chemiluminescence diagnostics and the use of fiber-based endoscopes (FBEs) for non-intrusive and multi-perspective chemiluminescence imaging up to 20 kHz. Non-intrusive and full-field imaging measurements provide a wealth of information for model validation and design optimization of propulsion systems. However, it is challenging to obtain such measurements due to various implementation difficulties such as optical access, thermal management, and equipment cost. This work therefore explores the application of FBEs for non-intrusive imaging to supersonic propulsion systems. The FBEs used in this work are demonstrated to overcome many of the aforementioned difficulties and provided datasets from multiple angular positions up to 20 kHz in a supersonic combustor. The combustor operated on ethylene fuel at Mach 2 with an inlet stagnation temperature and pressure of approximately 640 degrees Fahrenheit and 70 psia, respectively. The imaging measurements were obtained from eight perspectives simultaneously, providing full-field datasets under such flow conditions for the first time, allowing the possibility of inferring multi-dimensional measurements. Due to the high speed and multi-perspective nature, such new diagnostic capability generates a large volume of data and calls for analysis algorithms that can process the data and extract key physics effectively. To extract the key combustion dynamics from the measurements, three mathematical methods were investigated in this work: Fourier analysis, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), and wavelet analysis (WA). These algorithms were first demonstrated and tested on imaging measurements obtained from one perspective in a sub-sonic combustor (up to Mach 0.2). The results show that these algorithms are effective in extracting the key physics from large datasets, including the characteristic frequencies of flow-flame interactions especially during transient processes such as lean blow off and ignition. After these relatively simple tests and demonstrations, these algorithms were applied to process the measurements obtained from multi-perspective in the supersonic combustor. compared to past analyses (which have been limited to data obtained from one perspective only), the availability of data at multiple perspective provide further insights into the flame and flow structures in high speed flows. In summary, this work shows that high speed chemiluminescence is a simple yet powerful combustion diagnostic. Especially when combined with FBEs and the analyses algorithms described in this work, such diagnostics provide full-field imaging at high repetition rate in challenging flows. Based on such measurements, a wealth of information can be obtained from proper analysis algorithms, including characteristic frequency, dominating flame modes, and even multi-dimensional flame and flow structures.

Arctic tipping points in an Earth system perspective.

PubMed

Wassmann, Paul; Lenton, Timothy M

2012-02-01

We provide an introduction to the volume The Arctic in the Earth System perspective: the role of tipping points. The terms tipping point and tipping element are described and their role in current science, general debates, and the Arctic are elucidated. From a wider perspective, the volume focuses upon the role of humans in the Arctic component of the Earth system and in particular the envelope for human existence, the Arctic ecosystems. The Arctic climate tipping elements, the tipping elements in Arctic ecosystems and societies, and the challenges of governance and anticipation are illuminated through short summaries of eight publications that derive from the Arctic Frontiers conference in 2011 and the EU FP7 project Arctic Tipping Points. Then some ideas based upon resilience thinking are developed to show how wise system management could ease pressures on Arctic systems in order to keep them away from tipping points.

Sociopolitical Perspectives on Language Policy and Planning in the USA. Studies in Bilingualism, Volume 16.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huebner, Thom, Ed.; Davis, Kathryn A., Ed.

This monograph includes a collection of papers that are an outgrowth of a colloquium on socio-political dimensions of language policy and language planning held at the 1997 American Association of Applied Linguistics Conference. Section 1, "Language Policy/Planning Frameworks," includes: (1) "Sociopolitical Perspectives on Language…

Women in Education. Perspectives in American Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sexton, Patricia Cayo

This book, one of a five-volume series dealing with perspectives in American education, discusses the education of women. The purpose of the series is to provide a better understanding of the educational process and the relation of education to human welfare. Chapters one and two examine women and schools by discussing the function of education…

Emerging Perspectives on Managing Organizational Justice. Research in Social Issues in Management Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilliland, Stephen W., Ed.; Steiner, Dirk D., Ed.; Skarlicki, Daniel P., Ed.

The theme of this volume is new perspectives on organizational justice (OJ). It considers justice beyond the organizational context by recognizing that what happens in organizations influences and is influenced by aspects of workers' lives that occur outside the workplace. "Economic and Noneconomic Mechanisms in Interpersonal Work…

Perspectives: A Journal of Research and Opinion about Educational Service Agencies, 1995-1998.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keane, William G., Ed.

1998-01-01

This document consists of the first four volumes of the annual serial publication "Perspectives: A Journal of Research and Opinion about Educational Service Agencies." Educational service agencies (ESAs) have various names and characteristics across states, but all provide services to local education agencies in a specific geographic region. ESAs…

The Landscape of Qualitative Research. Third Edition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Denzin, Norman K., Ed.; Lincoln, Yvonna, Ed.

2007-01-01

This book, the first volume of the paperback versions of the "The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research, Third Edition," takes a look at the field from a broadly theoretical perspective, and is composed of the Handbook's Parts I ("Locating the Field"), II ("Major Paradigms and Perspectives"), and VI ("The Future of Qualitative Research"). "The…

New Perspectives and New Directions in Foreign Language Education. The ACTFL Foreign Language Education Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Birckbichler, Diane W., Ed.

The five essays in this volume address broad trends and issues in foreign language education. "Bandwagons Revisited: A Perspective on Movements in Foreign Language Education" (Frank M. Grittner) suggests that the bandwagons flourish because of lack of standardization and centralized authority in American education. Characteristics and results of…

Educational Theories, Cultures and Learning: A Critical Perspective. Critical Perspectives on Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daniels, Harry, Ed.; Lauder, Hugh, Ed.; Porter, Jill, Ed.

2011-01-01

"Educational Theories, Cultures and Learning" focuses on how education is understood in different cultures, the theories and related assumptions we make about learners and students and how we think about them, and how we can understand the principle actors in education--learners and teachers. Within this volume, internationally renowned…

Perspectives on Crime and Justice: 1997-1998 Lecture Series. Volume II. Research Forum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kelling, George L.; Kennedy, Randall; Musto, David F.; Petersilia, Joan; Cook, Philip

These papers share perspectives on crime and justice. The following lectures are included: (1) "Crime Control, the Police, and Culture Wars: Broken Windows and Cultural Pluralism" (George L. Kelling); (2) "Race, the Police, and 'Reasonable Suspicion'" (Randall Kennedy); (3) "The American Experience with Stimulants and Opiates" (David F. Musto);…

Technology and Teacher Education Annual, 1997. Proceedings of the International Conference of the Society for Information Technology and Teacher Education (SITE) (8th, Orlando, Florida, April 1-5, 1997). Volumes I and II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Willis, Jerry, Ed.; Price, Jerry D., Ed.; McNeil, Sara, Ed.; Robin, Bernard, Ed.; Willis, Dee Anna, Ed.

The 370 conference papers on information technology and teacher education are presented in two volumes. The 183 papers in the first volume include the following topics: use and evaluation of educational software; preservice and inservice training issues; multimedia portfolios; distance education; diversity and international perspectives; the…

Perspectives on the Structure of American Agriculture. Volume I: The View from the Farm--Special Problems of Minority and Low-Income Farmers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coughlin, Kenneth M., Ed.

This is the first of two volumes of papers examining the impact of national agricultural policy on the rural poor. The seven articles in this volume offer personal accounts of minority and low-income farmers struggling to gain a foothold in American agriculture. "'It's Too Late for Our Family,'" by Marian Lenzen, describes a family's…

Women, Education, and Development in Asia: Cross-National Perspectives. Reference Books in International Education, Volume 33. Garland Reference Library of Social Science, Volume 825.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mak, Grace C. L., Ed.

This book contains original essays that examine the interplay between women's education and development and how they affect women's status in selected nations in Asia. The volume focuses on how women in Asia use opportunities and challenge limits in education, the role of education in their economic participation, and the enhancement and tension…

University of New Mexico Working Papers in Linguistics, Volume 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meehan, Teresa M., Ed.; Schwenter, Scott A., Ed.

This volume contains working papers on a variety of topics in linguistics. They include: "A View of Phonology from a Cognitive and Functional Perspective" (Joan Bybee); "The Geography of Language Shift: Distance from the Mexican Border and Spanish Language Claiming in the Southwestern United States" (Garland D. Bills, Eduardo…

Neighborhood Poverty. Policy Implications in Studying Neighborhoods. Volume II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne, Ed.; Duncan, Greg J., Ed.; Aber, J. Lawrence, Ed.

Volume 2 of the "Neighborhood Poverty" series incorporates empirical data on neighborhood poverty into discussions of policy and program development. The chapters are: (1) "Ecological Perspectives on the Neighborhood Context of Urban Poverty: Past and Present" (Robert J. Sampson and Jeffrey D. Morenoff); (2) "The Influence of Neighborhoods on…

A Franco-American Overview. Volume 6. Louisiana.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allain, Mathe, Comp.; Brasseaux, Carl A., Comp.

Intended to help readers develop an appreciation of the contributions of Franco-Americans to the cultural heritage of the United States, this book, the sixth of six volumes, presents 26 chapters representing many perspectives--from the historical to the sociological--illustrating the thinking and feelings of those in the forefront of…

The Condition of Education 1991. Volume 2: Postsecondary Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alsalam, Nabeel; Rogers, Gayle Thompson

This volume contains 30 indicators that collectively describe the condition of postsecondary education from a variety of perspectives. The indicators have been derived from studies conducted by the Center for Education Statistics and from other surveys conducted both within and outside the Federal Government. Indicators have been grouped under the…

Critical Qualitative Research Reader. Critical Qualitative Research. Volume 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steinberg, Shirley R., Ed.; Cannella, Gaile S., Ed.

2012-01-01

This volume of transformed research utilizes an activist approach to examine the notion that nothing is apolitical. Research projects themselves are critically examined for power orientations, even as they are used to address curricular problems and educational or societal issues. Philosophical perspectives that have facilitated an understanding…

Children and Youth: Interdisciplinary Perspectives. Issues in Children's and Families' Lives. Volume 7.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walberg, Herbert J., Ed.; Reyes, Olga, Ed.; Weissberg, Roger P., Ed.

This volume exemplifies the overall interdisciplinary, multiprofessional view of the problems and potential of urban children and youth. The contributors were encouraged to identify current problems and better solutions. Contributions are grouped into sections on families, schools, and health. The following chapters are included: (1) "Introduction…

Physics in Perspective, Volume I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, DC. Physics Survey Committee.

As the second report on physics disciplines, a balanced picture of recent progress in relation to other scientific fields and human civilization is presented in this first volume prepared by the Physics Survey Committee. Fourteen chapters are included with the first one dealing with the origin, objectives, and organization of the Committee. The…

Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Binstock, Robert H., Ed.; Shanas, Ethel

This is the first of three volumes which comprise a review of the social, psychological, and biological aspects of aging. This volume organizes, evaluates, and interprets research data, concepts, theories, and issues in aging from the perspectives of the various social sciences. Intended for use by researchers, professional practitioners,…

Quality of Life. Volume I: Conceptualization and Measurement.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schalock, Robert L., Ed.; Siperstein, Gary N., Ed.

This volume deals with the conceptualization and measurement of quality of life for persons with mental retardation and developmental disabilities. Part 1, "The Conceptualization of Quality of Life," contains: "Self Advocacy: Foundation for Quality of Life" (Nancy A. Ward and Kenneth D. Keith); "Quality of Life and the Individual's Perspective"…

A Franco-American Overview. Volume 5. Louisiana.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allain, Mathe, Comp.; Brasseaux, Carl A., Comp.

Intended to help readers develop an appreciation of the contributions of Franco-Americans to the cultural heritage of the United States, this book, the fifth of six volumes, presents 18 chapters representing many perspectives--from the historical to the sociological--illustrating the thinking and feelings of those in the forefront of…

A Franco-American Overview. Volume 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Albert, Renaud S., Comp.

Intended to help readers develop an appreciation of the contributions of Franco-Americans to the cultural heritage of the United States, this book, the first of six volumes, presents 14 readings representing many perspectives--from the historical to the sociological--illustrating the thinking and feelings of those in the forefront of…

Efficient high-quality volume rendering of SPH data.

PubMed

Fraedrich, Roland; Auer, Stefan; Westermann, Rüdiger

2010-01-01

High quality volume rendering of SPH data requires a complex order-dependent resampling of particle quantities along the view rays. In this paper we present an efficient approach to perform this task using a novel view-space discretization of the simulation domain. Our method draws upon recent work on GPU-based particle voxelization for the efficient resampling of particles into uniform grids. We propose a new technique that leverages a perspective grid to adaptively discretize the view-volume, giving rise to a continuous level-of-detail sampling structure and reducing memory requirements compared to a uniform grid. In combination with a level-of-detail representation of the particle set, the perspective grid allows effectively reducing the amount of primitives to be processed at run-time. We demonstrate the quality and performance of our method for the rendering of fluid and gas dynamics SPH simulations consisting of many millions of particles.

Quantifying navigational information: The catchment volumes of panoramic snapshots in outdoor scenes.

PubMed

Murray, Trevor; Zeil, Jochen

2017-01-01

Panoramic views of natural environments provide visually navigating animals with two kinds of information: they define locations because image differences increase smoothly with distance from a reference location and they provide compass information, because image differences increase smoothly with rotation away from a reference orientation. The range over which a given reference image can provide navigational guidance (its 'catchment area') has to date been quantified from the perspective of walking animals by determining how image differences develop across the ground plane of natural habitats. However, to understand the information available to flying animals there is a need to characterize the 'catchment volumes' within which panoramic snapshots can provide navigational guidance. We used recently developed camera-based methods for constructing 3D models of natural environments and rendered panoramic views at defined locations within these models with the aim of mapping navigational information in three dimensions. We find that in relatively open woodland habitats, catchment volumes are surprisingly large extending for metres depending on the sensitivity of the viewer to image differences. The size and the shape of catchment volumes depend on the distance of visual features in the environment. Catchment volumes are smaller for reference images close to the ground and become larger for reference images at some distance from the ground and in more open environments. Interestingly, catchment volumes become smaller when only above horizon views are used and also when views include a 1 km distant panorama. We discuss the current limitations of mapping navigational information in natural environments and the relevance of our findings for our understanding of visual navigation in animals and autonomous robots.

Categorizing Cells on the Basis of their Chemical Profiles: Progress in Single-Cell Mass Spectrometry.

PubMed

Comi, Troy J; Do, Thanh D; Rubakhin, Stanislav S; Sweedler, Jonathan V

2017-03-22

The chemical differences between individual cells within large cellular populations provide unique information on organisms' homeostasis and the development of diseased states. Even genetically identical cell lineages diverge due to local microenvironments and stochastic processes. The minute sample volumes and low abundance of some constituents in cells hinder our understanding of cellular heterogeneity. Although amplification methods facilitate single-cell genomics and transcriptomics, the characterization of metabolites and proteins remains challenging both because of the lack of effective amplification approaches and the wide diversity in cellular constituents. Mass spectrometry has become an enabling technology for the investigation of individual cellular metabolite profiles with its exquisite sensitivity, large dynamic range, and ability to characterize hundreds to thousands of compounds. While advances in instrumentation have improved figures of merit, acquiring measurements at high throughput and sampling from large populations of cells are still not routine. In this Perspective, we highlight the current trends and progress in mass-spectrometry-based analysis of single cells, with a focus on the technologies that will enable the next generation of single-cell measurements.

Direct Volume Rendering with Shading via Three-Dimensional Textures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

VanGelder, Allen; Kim, Kwansik

1996-01-01

A new and easy-to-implement method for direct volume rendering that uses 3D texture maps for acceleration, and incorporates directional lighting, is described. The implementation, called Voltx, produces high-quality images at nearly interactive speeds on workstations with hardware support for three-dimensional texture maps. Previously reported methods did not incorporate a light model, and did not address issues of multiple texture maps for large volumes. Our research shows that these extensions impact performance by about a factor of ten. Voltx supports orthographic, perspective, and stereo views. This paper describes the theory and implementation of this technique, and compares it to the shear-warp factorization approach. A rectilinear data set is converted into a three-dimensional texture map containing color and opacity information. Quantized normal vectors and a lookup table provide efficiency. A new tesselation of the sphere is described, which serves as the basis for normal-vector quantization. A new gradient-based shading criterion is described, in which the gradient magnitude is interpreted in the context of the field-data value and the material classification parameters, and not in isolation. In the rendering phase, the texture map is applied to a stack of parallel planes, which effectively cut the texture into many slabs. The slabs are composited to form an image.

Myoblast fusion: lessons from flies and mice

PubMed Central

Abmayr, Susan M.; Pavlath, Grace K.

2012-01-01

The fusion of myoblasts into multinucleate syncytia plays a fundamental role in muscle function, as it supports the formation of extended sarcomeric arrays, or myofibrils, within a large volume of cytoplasm. Principles learned from the study of myoblast fusion not only enhance our understanding of myogenesis, but also contribute to our perspectives on membrane fusion and cell-cell fusion in a wide array of model organisms and experimental systems. Recent studies have advanced our views of the cell biological processes and crucial proteins that drive myoblast fusion. Here, we provide an overview of myoblast fusion in three model systems that have contributed much to our understanding of these events: the Drosophila embryo; developing and regenerating mouse muscle; and cultured rodent muscle cells. PMID:22274696

Hydroxylapatite nanoparticles: fabrication methods and medical applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Okada, Masahiro; Furuzono, Tsutomu

2012-12-01

Hydroxylapatite (or hydroxyapatite, HAp) exhibits excellent biocompatibility with various kinds of cells and tissues, making it an ideal candidate for tissue engineering, orthopedic and dental applications. Nanosized materials offer improved performances compared with conventional materials due to their large surface-to-volume ratios. This review summarizes existing knowledge and recent progress in fabrication methods of nanosized (or nanostructured) HAp particles, as well as their recent applications in medical and dental fields. In section 1, we provide a brief overview of HAp and nanoparticles. In section 2, fabrication methods of HAp nanoparticles are described based on the particle formation mechanisms. Recent applications of HAp nanoparticles are summarized in section 3. The future perspectives in this active research area are given in section 4.

Potential of ordered mesoporous silica for oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs.

PubMed

Vialpando, Monica; Martens, Johan A; Van den Mooter, Guy

2011-08-01

The use of ordered mesoporous silica is one of the more recent and rapidly developing formulation techniques for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. Their large surface area and pore volume make ordered mesoporous silica materials excellent candidates for efficient drug loading and rapid release. While this new approach offers many promising advantages, further research is still necessary to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and to improve our scientific insight into the behavior of this system. In this review, the significant developments to date are presented and research challenges highlighted. Aspects of downstream processability are discussed in view of their special bulk powder properties and unique pore architecture. Lastly, perspectives for successful oral dosage form development are presented.

The effect of future time perspective on delay discounting is mediated by the gray matter volume of vmPFC.

PubMed

Guo, Yiqun; Chen, Zhiyi; Feng, Tingyong

2017-07-28

Although several previous studies have shown that individuals' attitude towards time could affect their intertemporal preference, little is known about the neural basis of the relation between time perspective (TP) and delay discounting. In the present study, we quantified the gray matter (GM) cortical volume using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) methods to investigate the effect of TP on delay discounting (DD) across two independent samples. For group 1 (102 healthy college students; 46 male; 20.40 ± 1.87 years), behavioral results showed that only Future TP was a significant predictor of DD, and higher scores on Future TP were related to lower discounting rates. Whole-brain analysis revealed that steeper discounting correlated with greater GM volume in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and ventral part of posterior cingulate cortex (vPCC). Also, GM volume of a cluster in the vmPFC was correlated with Future TP. Interestingly, there was an overlapping region in vmPFC that was correlated with both DD and Future TP. Region-of-interest analysis further indicated that the overlapping region of vmPFC played a partially mediating role in the relation between Future TP and DD in the other independent dataset (Group 2, 36 healthy college students; 14 male; 20.18±1.80 years). Taken together, our results provide a new perspective from neural basis for explaining the relation between DD and future TP. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Perspectives on Individual Differences Affecting Therapeutic Change in Communication Disorders. New Directions in Communication Disorders Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiss, Amy L., Ed.

2009-01-01

This volume examines the ramifications of individual differences in therapy outcomes for a wide variety of communication disorders. In an era where evidence-based practice is the clinical profession's watchword, each chapter attacks this highly relevant issue from a somewhat different perspective. In some areas of communication disorders,…

Perspectives on Student Development. New Directions for Community Colleges, Number 67.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deegan, William L., Ed.; O'Banion, Terry, Ed.

1989-01-01

This collection of articles examines the history of student development practices, reviews key issues that have emerged in the field, and proposes paths of action for the future. The volume includes: (1) "Student Development Philosophy: A Perspective on the Past and Future," by Terry O'Banion, which reviews the history of student development; (2)…

International Perspectives on Education and Society. Volume 4, Educational Reform in International Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rust, Val D., Ed.; Yogev, Abraham, Ed.

National educational reform must be interpreted from a broader sociopolitical vantage point. Following the introduction, "The Change Process and Educational Reform" by Val D. Rust, the four papers in part 1 are devoted primarily to conceptual issues related to educational reform. They include: (1) "Problems of Educational Reforms in a Changing…

Proceedings of the National Technological Literacy Conference (11th, Arlington, VA, February 8-11, 1996).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cheek, Dennis W., Ed.; Cheek, Kim A., Ed.

The papers in this volume represent a sampling of the perspectives shared at the 1996 National Technological Literacy Conference. The papers are divided into two sections. Section 1, "STS [science, technology, and society]: Philosophical and Sociological Perspectives," includes: (1) "Relevant Science: STS-Oriented Science Courses for All Students"…

Environmental Education for the 21st Century: International and Interdisciplinary Perspectives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Patricia J., Ed.

This volume is the result of a week-long conference at Lehman College during Earth Week on environmental consciousness. Its scope and range provide an overview of the state of the art in the environmental curriculum in the humanities, social sciences, business, and journalism as well as perspectives on creating a green academic environment through…

Promise and Dilemma: Perspectives on Racial Diversity and Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowe, Eugene Y., Jr., Ed.

The essays and commentaries in this volume on racial diversity and higher education are grouped into three parts. The first offers a broad perspective and an historical review of the complex history of the United States' effort to achieve racial diversity; the second notes empirical studies of the extent of racial disparities in academic…

Minority Education: Anthropological Perspectives. Social and Policy Issues in Education: The University of Cincinnati Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacob, Evelyn, Ed.; Jordan, Cathie, Ed.

This volume presents an overview of current anthropological thinking on the education of minority students, bringing the perspectives of educational anthropology to bear on understanding minority education and resolving its inequities. At the core of the book are some papers from an invited session of the American Anthropological Association in…

Instructional Strategies for Improving Students' Learning: Focus on Early Reading and Mathematics. Psychological Perspectives on Contemporary Educational Issues

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carlson, Jerry, Ed.; Levin, Joel R., Ed.

2012-01-01

The twin objectives of the series Psychological Perspectives on Contemporary Educational Issues are: (1) to identify issues in education that are relevant to professional educators and researchers; and (2) to address those issues from research and theory in educational psychology, psychology, and related disciplines. The present volume, consisting…

Contemporary Perspectives on Early Childhood Curriculum. Contemporary Perspectives in Early Childhood Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saracho, Olivia N. Ed.; Spodek, Bernard, Ed.

Noting that the curriculum in early childhood education is dramatically different from that at other levels of education, this volume seeks to clarify some of the issues related to early childhood curriculum development and its bases in both personal knowledge and knowledge from the different disciplines to achieve a "balanced curriculum."…

Class, Control, and Contestation in Educational Organisations. ESA 841, Theory and Practice in Educational Administration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watkins, Peter

The introductory essay in this volume presents a case study of class-based organizational control and contestation in secondary schools in Victoria (Australia) in the 1970s, based on a critical perspective derived from the Frankfurt school, a perspective that undertakes to reveal the power structures, class hierarchy, and legitimating ideologies…

Research Ideas for the Classroom: Early Childhood Mathematics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jensen, Robert J., Ed.

Research Ideas for the Classroom is a three-volume series of research interpretations for early childhood, middle grades, and high school mathematics classrooms. Each volume looks at research from the perspective of the learner, the content, and the teacher, and chapters are co-authored by a researcher and a teacher. Chapter titles in the early…

Research Ideas for the Classroom: High School Mathematics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Patricia S., Ed.

Research Ideas for the Classroom is a three-volume series of research interpretations for early childhood, middle grades, and high school mathematics classrooms. Each volume looks at research from the perspective of the learner, the content, and the teacher, and chapters are co-authored by a researcher and a teacher. Chapter titles in the high…

Wisconsin's 1968 timber resource--a perspective.

Treesearch

John S. Jr. Spencer; Harry W. Thorne

1972-01-01

The third inventory of Wisconsin's timber resource shows substantial gains in growing-stock and sawtimber volumes since 1956, in spite of a small decline in area of commercial forest land. Presented are text and statistics on forest area and timber volume, growth, mortality, ownership, stocking, and use in 1968. Two 30-year projections of timber growth, removals...

CTIC Cablebooks. Volume 1: The Community Medium.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jesuale, Nancy, Ed.; Smith, Ralph Lee, Ed.

The first of a two-part series, this volume addresses the broad scope of questions and issues that confront local governments when formulating or reevaluating cable policy. In 11 chapters, 14 authors present an historical perspective and discuss cable technology and state-of-the-art options: (1) "Overview of Cable TV Services and…

Handbook of the Economics of Education. Volume 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hanushek, Erik A., Ed.; Machin, Stephen J., Ed.; Woessmann, Ludger, Ed.

2011-01-01

What is the value of an education? Volume 4 of the Handbooks in the Economics of Education combines recent data with new methodologies to examine this and related questions from diverse perspectives. School choice and school competition, educator incentives, the college premium, and other considerations help make sense of the investments and…

Classroom Communication and Instructional Processes: Advances through Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gayle, Barbara Mae, Ed.; Preiss, Raymond W., Ed.; Burrell, Nancy, Ed.; Allen, Mike, Ed.

2006-01-01

This volume offers a systematic review of the literature on communication education and instruction. Making meta-analysis findings accessible and relevant, the editors of this volume approach the topic from the perspective that meta-analysis serves as a useful tool for summarizing experiments and for determining how and why specific teaching and…

Advances in Library Administration and Organization Volume 18.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garten, Edward D., Ed.; Williams, Delmus E., Ed.

Long regarded as the premier monographic series in its area of coverage, "Advances in Library Administration and Organization" offers research perspectives that are both timely and lively. This 18th volume continues the series' long practice of bringing to its professional and academic readership an eclectic mix of scholarship and longish essays.…

Education in One World: Perspectives from Different Nations. BCES Conference Books, Volume 11

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Popov, Nikolay, Ed.; Wolhuter, Charl, Ed.; Almeida, Patrícia Albergaria, Ed.; Hilton, Gillian, Ed.; Ogunleye, James, Ed.; Chigisheva, Oksana, Ed.

2013-01-01

This volume contains papers submitted to the 11th Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), held in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 14-17 May 2013, and papers submitted to the 1st International Distance Partner Conference, organized by the International Research Centre "Scientific Cooperation,"…

A Franco-American Overview. Volume 2. Midwest and West.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Andre, Comp.

Intended to help readers develop an appreciation of the contributions of Franco-Americans to the cultural heritage of the United States, this book, the second of six volumes, presents 15 readings representing many perspectives--from the historical to the sociological--illustrating the thinking and feelings of those in the forefront of…

Out-of-the-Box Leadership. The Soul of Educational Leadership Series. Volume 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Houston, Paul D., Ed.; Blankstein, Alan M., Ed.; Cole, Robert W., Ed.

2007-01-01

In this second volume of "The Soul of Educational Leadership" series, editors Paul D. Houston, Alan M. Blankstein, and Robert W. Cole offer creative perspectives on the challenges of reframing leadership practice. Presenting key strategies from leadership experts such as Thomas Sergiovanni and Dennis Sparks, this compact resource combines…

Research Ideas for the Classroom: Middle Grades Mathematics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owens, Douglas T., Ed.

Research Ideas for the Classroom is a three-volume series of research interpretations for early childhood, middle grades, and high school mathematics classrooms. Each volume looks at research from the perspective of the learner, the content, and the teacher, and chapters are co-authored by a researcher and a teacher. Chapter titles in the middle…

The Self-Concept. Volume 1, A Review of Methodological Considerations and Measuring Instruments. Revised Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wylie, Ruth C.

This volume of the revised edition describes and evaluates measurement methods, research designs, and procedures which have been or might appropriately be used in self-concept research. Working from the perspective that self-concept or phenomenal personality theories can be scientifically investigated, methodological flaws and questionable…

DNA in the Criminal Justice System: The DNA Success Story in Perspective.

PubMed

Mapes, Anna A; Kloosterman, Ate D; de Poot, Christianne J

2015-07-01

Current figures on the efficiency of DNA as an investigative tool in criminal investigations only tell part of the story. To get the DNA success story in the right perspective, we examined all forensic reports from serious (N = 116) and high-volume crime cases (N = 2791) over the year 2011 from one police region in the Netherlands. These data show that 38% of analyzed serious crime traces (N = 384) and 17% of analyzed high-volume crime traces (N = 386) did not result in a DNA profile. Turnaround times (from crime scene to DNA report) were 66 days for traces from serious crimes and 44 days for traces from high-volume crimes. Suspects were truly identified through a match with the Offender DNA database of the Netherlands in 3% of the serious crime cases and in 1% of the high-volume crime cases. These data are important for both the forensic laboratory and the professionals in the criminal justice system to further optimize forensic DNA testing as an investigative tool. © 2015 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

A reasoned overview on Boussinesq-type models: the interplay between physics, mathematics and numerics.

PubMed

Brocchini, Maurizio

2013-12-08

This paper, which is largely the fruit of an invited talk on the topic at the latest International Conference on Coastal Engineering, describes the state of the art of modelling by means of Boussinesq-type models (BTMs). Motivations for using BTMs as well as their fundamentals are illustrated, with special attention to the interplay between the physics to be described, the chosen model equations and the numerics in use. The perspective of the analysis is that of a physicist/engineer rather than of an applied mathematician. The chronological progress of the currently available BTMs from the pioneering models of the late 1960s is given. The main applications of BTMs are illustrated, with reference to specific models and methods. The evolution in time of the numerical methods used to solve BTMs (e.g. finite differences, finite elements, finite volumes) is described, with specific focus on finite volumes. Finally, an overview of the most important BTMs currently available is presented, as well as some indications on improvements required and fields of applications that call for attention.

A reasoned overview on Boussinesq-type models: the interplay between physics, mathematics and numerics

PubMed Central

Brocchini, Maurizio

2013-01-01

This paper, which is largely the fruit of an invited talk on the topic at the latest International Conference on Coastal Engineering, describes the state of the art of modelling by means of Boussinesq-type models (BTMs). Motivations for using BTMs as well as their fundamentals are illustrated, with special attention to the interplay between the physics to be described, the chosen model equations and the numerics in use. The perspective of the analysis is that of a physicist/engineer rather than of an applied mathematician. The chronological progress of the currently available BTMs from the pioneering models of the late 1960s is given. The main applications of BTMs are illustrated, with reference to specific models and methods. The evolution in time of the numerical methods used to solve BTMs (e.g. finite differences, finite elements, finite volumes) is described, with specific focus on finite volumes. Finally, an overview of the most important BTMs currently available is presented, as well as some indications on improvements required and fields of applications that call for attention. PMID:24353475

Sex differences in the association between gray matter volume and verbal creativity.

PubMed

Shi, Baoguo; Xu, Li; Chen, Qunlin; Qiu, Jiang

2017-08-02

The explanation for why significant sex differences are found in creativity has become an increasingly important topic. The current study applied a cognitive neuroscience perspective and voxel-based morphometry to investigate the sex differences for the association between verbal creativity and gray matter volume (GMV) in a large sample of healthy adults from the Chinese Mainland (163 men and 193 women). Furthermore, we sought to determine which brain regions are responsible for these differences. Our behavioral results showed a significant sex difference. Specifically, women scored higher than men on originality. The voxel-based morphometry results indicated that the relationship between originality and GMV differed between men and women in the left temporo-occipital junction. Higher originality scores in women were associated with more GMV. In contrast, higher originality scores in men were related to less GMV. These findings suggest the left temporo-occipital junction GMV plays a unique role in the sex differences in verbal creativity because women usually surpass men in semantic processing, which is the major function of the left temporal region.

A historical perspective on ventilator management.

PubMed

Shapiro, B A

1994-02-01

Paralysis via neuromuscular blockade in ICU patients requires mechanical ventilation. This review historically addresses the technological advances and scientific information upon which ventilatory management concepts are based, with special emphasis on the influence such concepts have had on the use of neuromuscular blocking agents. Specific reference is made to the scientific information and technological advances leading to the newer concepts of ventilatory management. Information from > 100 major studies in the peer-reviewed medical literature, along with the author's 25 yrs of clinical experience and academic involvement in acute respiratory care is presented. Nomenclature related to ventilatory management is specifically defined and consistently utilized to present and interpret the data. Pre-1970 ventilatory management is traced from the clinically unacceptable pressure-limited devices to the reliable performance of volume-limited ventilators. The scientific data and rationale that led to the concept of relatively large tidal volume delivery are reviewed in the light of today's concerns regarding alveolar overdistention, control-mode dyssynchrony, and auto-positive end-expiratory pressure. Also presented are the post-1970 scientific rationales for continuous positive airway pressure/positive end-expiratory pressure therapy, avoidance of alveolar hyperxia, and partial ventilatory support techniques (intermittent mandatory ventilation/synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation). The development of pressure-support devices is discussed and the capability of pressure-control techniques is presented. The rationale for more recent concepts of total ventilatory support to avoid ventilator-induced lung injury is presented. The traditional techniques utilizing volume-preset ventilators with relatively large tidal volumes remain valid and desirable for the vast majority of patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Neuromuscular blockade is best avoided in these patients. However, adequate analgesia, amnesia, and sedation are required. For patients with severe lung disease, alveolar overdistention and hyperoxia should be avoided and may be best accomplished by total ventilatory support techniques, such as pressure control. Total ventilatory support requires neuromuscular blockade and may not provide eucapnic ventilation.

Predictability and Market Efficiency in Agricultural Futures Markets: a Perspective from Price-Volume Correlation Based on Wavelet Coherency Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Ling-Yun; Wen, Xing-Chun

2015-12-01

In this paper, we use a time-frequency domain technique, namely, wavelet squared coherency, to examine the associations between the trading volumes of three agricultural futures and three different forms of these futures' daily closing prices, i.e. prices, returns and volatilities, over the past several years. These agricultural futures markets are selected from China as a typical case of the emerging countries, and from the US as a representative of the developed economies. We investigate correlations and lead-lag relationships between the trading volumes and the prices to detect the predictability and efficiency of these futures markets. The results suggest that the information contained in the trading volumes of the three agricultural futures markets in China can be applied to predict the prices or returns, while that in US has extremely weak predictive power for prices or returns. We also conduct the wavelet analysis on the relationships between the volumes and returns or volatilities to examine the existence of the two "stylized facts" proposed by Karpoff [J. M. Karpoff, The relation between price changes and trading volume: A survey, J. Financ. Quant. Anal.22(1) (1987) 109-126]. Different markets in the two countries perform differently in reproducing the two stylized facts. As the wavelet tools can decode nonlinear regularities and hidden patterns behind price-volume relationship in time-frequency space, different from the conventional econometric framework, this paper offers a new perspective into the market predictability and efficiency.

An ecological basis for future fish habitat restoration efforts in the Huron-Erie Corridor

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hondorp, Darryl W.; Roseman, Edward F.; Manny, Bruce A.

2014-01-01

This perspective describes the major natural and anthropogenic forces driving change in the abundance and quality of fish habitats in the Huron-Erie Corridor (HEC), the Great Lakes connecting channel comprised of the St. Clair River, the Lake St. Clair, and the Detroit River. Channels connecting the Laurentian Great Lakes discharge large volumes of water equal to or greater than most other large rivers in the world that is of consistent high quality and volume, all year. Owing to creation of the St. Lawrence Seaway through the Great Lakes, the connecting channels have been modified by dredging over 200 km of deep-draft shipping lanes with a maintained depth of no less than 8.2 m. Combined with modification of their shorelines for housing and industries, use of the connecting channels for discharges of industrial and municipal wastes and shipping has resulted in numerous beneficial use impairments, such as restrictions on fish and wildlife consumption, degradation of fish and wildlife populations, and losses of fish and wildlife habitat. Various options for remediation of native fish populations and their habitats in the Great Lakes connecting channels, including construction of spawning habitat for threatened and high-value food fishes, such as lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens), walleye (Sander vitreus), and lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), have been implemented successfully in two of the channels, and form the basis for further recommended research described in this article.

Ultrastructural qualitative and quantitative data on the sporogenesis of the protozoan Abelspora portucalensis (Microspora, Abelsporidae): a different approach to the study of microsporidia.

PubMed

Rocha, E; Monteiro, R A

1992-09-01

The sporogenesis of the microsporidium Abelspora portucalensis was studied with electron microscopy. In qualitative terms, new aspects of the cytoplasmic ultrastructure of the schizont, sporont, and sporoblast are described: the presence of microtubules, of aggregates of small opaque vesicles, and of dispersed larger vesicles with clear matrix. The hypothesis that the opaque vesicles may represent the Golgi apparatus and the clear vesicles may correspond to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is discussed. The use of standard stereological and statistical techniques gives us a new perspective on the development of this microsporidium. The most relevant quantitative data display that the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum (either in relative or absolute terms) presents significant differences among the three stages, with the sporont showing the highest values; that the absolute (but not the relative) volume of the large vesicles significantly changes during sporogenesis with the highest values presented by the sporont; that the surface-to-volume ratio of the schizont and sporont cells is similar and significantly greater than that of the sporoblast cell; that the surface density of the nucleus in relation to soma remains constant in the three stages (on the contrary, the surface-to-volume ratio of the nucleus increases and its volumetric density diminishes); and finally, that the nucleolus decreases its relative and absolute volumes. The functional significance of these results is analyzed and the application of similar methodology in quantifying the effects of drugs upon microsporidia is suggested.

Big Data in Science and Healthcare: A Review of Recent Literature and Perspectives

PubMed Central

Miron-Shatz, T.; Lau, A. Y. S.; Paton, C.

2014-01-01

Summary Objectives As technology continues to evolve and rise in various industries, such as healthcare, science, education, and gaming, a sophisticated concept known as Big Data is surfacing. The concept of analytics aims to understand data. We set out to portray and discuss perspectives of the evolving use of Big Data in science and healthcare and, to examine some of the opportunities and challenges. Methods A literature review was conducted to highlight the implications associated with the use of Big Data in scientific research and healthcare innovations, both on a large and small scale. Results Scientists and health-care providers may learn from one another when it comes to understanding the value of Big Data and analytics. Small data, derived by patients and consumers, also requires analytics to become actionable. Connectivism provides a framework for the use of Big Data and analytics in the areas of science and healthcare. This theory assists individuals to recognize and synthesize how human connections are driving the increase in data. Despite the volume and velocity of Big Data, it is truly about technology connecting humans and assisting them to construct knowledge in new ways. Concluding Thoughts The concept of Big Data and associated analytics are to be taken seriously when approaching the use of vast volumes of both structured and unstructured data in science and health-care. Future exploration of issues surrounding data privacy, confidentiality, and education are needed. A greater focus on data from social media, the quantified self-movement, and the application of analytics to “small data” would also be useful. PMID:25123717

Big Data in Science and Healthcare: A Review of Recent Literature and Perspectives. Contribution of the IMIA Social Media Working Group.

PubMed

Hansen, M M; Miron-Shatz, T; Lau, A Y S; Paton, C

2014-08-15

As technology continues to evolve and rise in various industries, such as healthcare, science, education, and gaming, a sophisticated concept known as Big Data is surfacing. The concept of analytics aims to understand data. We set out to portray and discuss perspectives of the evolving use of Big Data in science and healthcare and, to examine some of the opportunities and challenges. A literature review was conducted to highlight the implications associated with the use of Big Data in scientific research and healthcare innovations, both on a large and small scale. Scientists and health-care providers may learn from one another when it comes to understanding the value of Big Data and analytics. Small data, derived by patients and consumers, also requires analytics to become actionable. Connectivism provides a framework for the use of Big Data and analytics in the areas of science and healthcare. This theory assists individuals to recognize and synthesize how human connections are driving the increase in data. Despite the volume and velocity of Big Data, it is truly about technology connecting humans and assisting them to construct knowledge in new ways. Concluding Thoughts: The concept of Big Data and associated analytics are to be taken seriously when approaching the use of vast volumes of both structured and unstructured data in science and health-care. Future exploration of issues surrounding data privacy, confidentiality, and education are needed. A greater focus on data from social media, the quantified self-movement, and the application of analytics to "small data" would also be useful.

Higher Education in Crisis: New York in National Perspective. Garland Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barba, William C., Ed.

In a set of 10 papers this volume explores nationally pressing issues in higher education, particularly financial and access issues, by examining those issues in the New York State's higher education system. The papers are: "Factors that Have Shaped Higher Education in New York State: A Historical and Current Perspective" (William C.…

Social Security Disability Programs: An International Perspective, Austria, Canada, Finland, Israel, Sweden, Netherlands, Federal Republic of Germany, England. Monograph Number Forty-One.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berkowitz, Monroe; And Others

The papers in this volume synthesize international disability policies, providing a cross-national perspective on disability definitions, the criteria for entitlement to disability benefits, and measures to facilitate a return to work for disabled individuals. Two papers, which were presented at the International Research Conference on Social…

The Ethics of Writing Instruction: Issues in Theory and Practice. Perspectives on Writing: Theory, Research, Practice. Volume 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pemberton, Michael A., Ed.

This collection of essays reveals a keen awareness of the degree to which ethics and ethical systems are located in particular instructional contexts. The essays consider the implications of these contexts from a variety of perspectives, both theoretical and pedagogical. In the collection's first part, Ethics and the Composition Classroom, are the…

United States and New York State History, Grade 7. A Multicultural Perspective. Volume I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York City Board of Education, Brooklyn, NY.

This resource guide, designed for use by New York City teachers, provides a wide range of suggested approaches and materials from which teachers can select as they teach the grade 7 and grade 8 course "United States and New York State History." The resource guide strives to include the histories, perspectives, and contributions of all…

Telling Tales: On Evaluation and Narrative. Advances in Program Evaluation. Volume 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abma, Tineke, Ed.

Essays in this collection explore what a narrative perspective can mean for the practice of program evaluation. Narratives illuminate the value and meaning of a program or policy and can indicate the actions that need to be taken to improve it or to prevent failures in the future. The essays are: (1) "Introduction: Narrative Perspectives on…

Language Ideologies: Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement. Volume 2: History, Theory, and Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzalez, Roseann Duenas, Ed.

This collection of essays addresses the complicated and divisive issues at the heart of the debate over language diversity and the English Only movement in United States public education. Blending social, political, and legal analyses of the ideologies of language with perspectives on the impact of the English Only movement on education and in…

Methodologies for optimal resource allocation to the national space program and new space utilizations. Volume 1: Technical description

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

The optimal allocation of resources to the national space program over an extended time period requires the solution of a large combinatorial problem in which the program elements are interdependent. The computer model uses an accelerated search technique to solve this problem. The model contains a large number of options selectable by the user to provide flexible input and a broad range of output for use in sensitivity analyses of all entering elements. Examples of these options are budget smoothing under varied appropriation levels, entry of inflation and discount effects, and probabilistic output which provides quantified degrees of certainty that program costs will remain within planned budget. Criteria and related analytic procedures were established for identifying potential new space program directions. Used in combination with the optimal resource allocation model, new space applications can be analyzed in realistic perspective, including the advantage gain from existing space program plant and on-going programs such as the space transportation system.

Learning from Research on Teaching: Perspective, Methodology, and Representation. Advances in Research on Teaching. Volume 11

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brophy, Jere, Ed.; Pinnegar, Stefinee, Ed.

2005-01-01

This volume is designed to accomplish three primary purposes: (1) illustrate a variety of qualitative methods that researchers have used to study teaching and teacher education; (2) assess the affordances and constraints of these methods and the ways that they focus and shape explorations of teaching; and (3) illuminate representative questions…

The Course of Life: Psychoanalytic Contributions Toward Understanding Personality Development. Vol. III: Adulthood and the Aging Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenspan, Stanley I., Ed.; Pollock, George H., Ed.

The volumes that make up "The Course of Life" series represent original contributions from international scientists and clinicians who have produced much current knowledge about the phases of human personality development. The chapters in Volume III discuss adulthood from various perspectives. Contributions cover the continuum of human…

Writing: The Nature, Development, and Teachinq of Written Communication. Volume 2, Writing: Process, Development and Communication.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frederiksen, Carl H., Ed.; Dominic, Joseph F., Ed.

Intended for researchers, teachers, local and national policy makers, and others interested in writing, this volume explores the processes and development of writing, particularly in the context of writing instruction. Following a preface, the introduction discusses various perspectives on the activity of writing, such as writing as a cognitive…

Writing Educational Biography: Explorations in Qualitative Research. Critical Education Practice; Volume 13. Garland Reference Library of Social Science, Volume 1098.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kridel, Craig, Ed.

This collection examines many influences of biographical inquiry in education and discusses methodological issues from the perspectives of veteran and novice biographers. The section on qualitative research and educational biography contains the following chapters: "Musings on Life Writing: Biography and Case Studies in Teacher Education" (Robert…

Current Business and Economics Driven Discourse and Education: Perspectives from around the World. BCES Conference Books, Volume 15

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Popov, Nikolay, Ed.; Wolhuter, Charl, Ed.; Kalin, Jana, Ed.; Hilton, Gillian, Ed.; Ogunleye, James, Ed.; Niemczyk, Ewelina, Ed.; Chigisheva, Oksana, Ed.

2017-01-01

This volume contains selected papers submitted to the 15th Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), held in June 2017 in Borovets, Bulgaria, and papers submitted to the 5th International Partner Conference of the International Research Centre (IRC) "Scientific Cooperation," Rostov-on-Don,…

Rehabilitation Needs Assessment for Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies. Volume II. Needs Assessment Topics Identified in the Rehabilitation Act: Issues and Resources.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wisconsin Univ.-Stout, Menomonie. Stout Vocational Rehabilitation Inst.

This guide was developed to help Wisconsin agency assessment, evaluation, and planning personnel to develop a perspective on how needs assessment fits into their state's vocational rehabilitation program planning. Volume II provides state agency personnel with tools for conducting rehabilitation needs assessment. The first three chapters consider…

Zero/zero rotorcraft certification issues. Volume 2: Plenary session presentations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Adams, Richard J.

1988-01-01

This report analyzes the Zero/Zero Rotorcraft Certification Issues from the perspectives of manufacturers, operators, researchers and the FAA. The basic premise behind this analysis is that zero/zero, or at least extremely low visibility, rotorcraft operations are feasible today from both a technological and an operational standpoint. The questions and issues that need to be resolved are: What certification requirements do we need to ensure safety. Can we develop procedures which capitalize on the performance and maneuvering capabilities unique to rotorcraft. Will extremely low visibility operations be economically feasible. This is Volume 2 of three. It presents the operator perspectives (system needs), applicable technology and zero/zero concepts developed in the first 12 months of research of this project.

Language Ideologies: Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement. Volume 1: Education and the Social Implications of Official Language.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzalez, Roseann Duenas, Ed.

This collection of essays addresses the complicated and divisive issues at the heart of the debate over language diversity and the English Only movement in United States public education. Blending social, political, and legal analyses of the ideologies of language with perspectives on the impact of the English Only movement on education and in…

Quantifying navigational information: The catchment volumes of panoramic snapshots in outdoor scenes

PubMed Central

Zeil, Jochen

2017-01-01

Panoramic views of natural environments provide visually navigating animals with two kinds of information: they define locations because image differences increase smoothly with distance from a reference location and they provide compass information, because image differences increase smoothly with rotation away from a reference orientation. The range over which a given reference image can provide navigational guidance (its ‘catchment area’) has to date been quantified from the perspective of walking animals by determining how image differences develop across the ground plane of natural habitats. However, to understand the information available to flying animals there is a need to characterize the ‘catchment volumes’ within which panoramic snapshots can provide navigational guidance. We used recently developed camera-based methods for constructing 3D models of natural environments and rendered panoramic views at defined locations within these models with the aim of mapping navigational information in three dimensions. We find that in relatively open woodland habitats, catchment volumes are surprisingly large extending for metres depending on the sensitivity of the viewer to image differences. The size and the shape of catchment volumes depend on the distance of visual features in the environment. Catchment volumes are smaller for reference images close to the ground and become larger for reference images at some distance from the ground and in more open environments. Interestingly, catchment volumes become smaller when only above horizon views are used and also when views include a 1 km distant panorama. We discuss the current limitations of mapping navigational information in natural environments and the relevance of our findings for our understanding of visual navigation in animals and autonomous robots. PMID:29088300

Using SWE Standards for Ubiquitous Environmental Sensing: A Performance Analysis

PubMed Central

Tamayo, Alain; Granell, Carlos; Huerta, Joaquín

2012-01-01

Although smartphone applications represent the most typical data consumer tool from the citizen perspective in environmental applications, they can also be used for in-situ data collection and production in varied scenarios, such as geological sciences and biodiversity. The use of standard protocols, such as SWE, to exchange information between smartphones and sensor infrastructures brings benefits such as interoperability and scalability, but their reliance on XML is a potential problem when large volumes of data are transferred, due to limited bandwidth and processing capabilities on mobile phones. In this article we present a performance analysis about the use of SWE standards in smartphone applications to consume and produce environmental sensor data, analysing to what extent the performance problems related to XML can be alleviated by using alternative uncompressed and compressed formats.

Critical Issues in Native North America, Volume II. IWGIA Document No. 68.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Churchill, Ward, Ed.

This collection of articles forms the second of two volumes designed to impart to readers some sense of the crucial importance of what is and will be happening to the indigenous peoples of North America. "The Present and Future Status of American Indian Nations," by Robert T. Coulter argues from the perspectives of ideology, power, law,…

Perspectives on Community College ESL, Volume 1: Pedagogy, Programs, Curricula, and Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spaventa, Marilyn, Ed.; Machado, Craig, Ed.

2006-01-01

English as a second language (ESL) programs in community colleges are as diverse in the models they follow as the students they serve. This volume provides a detailed look at how faculty and administrators are tailoring their ESL programs to best serve the needs of their students and the missions of their institutions. The authors of the thirteen…

Dimensions of the Community College: International, Intercultural, and Multicultural Perspectives. Garland Studies in Higher Education, Volume 6. Garland Reference Library of Social Science, Volume 1075.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raby, Rosalind Latiner, Ed.; Tarrow, Norma, Ed.

This two-part monograph provides a theoretical and practical analyses of intercultural and multicultural education programs. The first part describes inter- and multicultural educational programs in the United States and Canada and includes the following eight chapters: "International, Intercultural, and Multicultural Dimensions of Community…

Child Abuse and Neglect: The Problem and Its Management. Volume 1: An Overview of the Problem.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect (DHEW/OHD), Washington, DC.

This booklet, first of a three-volume series, presents an overview of the problems of child abuse and neglect. Discussions focus on child maltreatment from various perspectives, including characteristics of the parents and children, effects of abuse and neglect, a phychiatrist's view of the problem, and a discussion of state reporting laws. The…

Foundations of Education, Volume I: History and Theory of Teaching Children and Youths with Visual Impairments. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holbrook, M. Cay, Ed.; Koenig, Alan J., Ed.

This text, one of two volumes on the instruction of students with visual impairments, focuses on the history and theory of teaching such students. The following chapters are included: (1) "Historical Perspectives" (Phil Hatlen) with emphasis on the last 50 years; (2) "Visual Impairment" (Kathleen M. Huebner) which provides general information…

Decolonisation, Globalisation: Language-in-Education Policy and Practice. New Perspectives on Language and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lin, Angel M. Y., Ed.; Martin, Peter W., Ed.

2005-01-01

This volume brings together scholars from around the world to juxtapose the voices of classroom participants alongside the voices of ruling elites with the aim of critically linking language policy issues with classroom practice in a range of contexts. The volume is suitable for postgraduate students, researchers and educators in a range of areas.…

Qualitative Educational Research in Developing Countries: Current Perspectives. Reference Books in International Education, Volume 35. Garland Reference Library of Social Science, Volume 927.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crossley, Michael, Ed.; Vulliamy, Graham, Ed.

This book contains 11 essays that offer in-depth accounts of qualitative research in developing countries. Each chapter focuses upon a specific method and considers related theoretical and practical issues with reference to recent experiences in selected developing countries. Key issues addressed include: (1) the identification of appropriate…

Essays on Minority Cultures. Selected Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Minority Studies (3rd, April 1975). Volume 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carter, George E.; And Others

The volume consists of 23 essays which examine interdisciplinary perspectives, grouped by academic areas or viewpoints on various minority issues. Topics include: the existence of a black literary tradition, the international need to develop an analysis of minority conflict and intergroup tension, the conditions faced by migrant workers, origins…

Working Time in Comparative Perspective. Volume II: Life-Cycle Working Time and Nonstandard Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Houseman, Susan, Ed.; Nakamura, Alice, Ed.

This is the second of two volumes of selected papers presented at the 1996 conference "Changes in Working Hours in Canada and the United States." Eleven chapters explore an expanded set of working-time issues, which may be loosely grouped under these two topics: working time over the life cycle and nonstandard work arrangements.…

NOTE: Wobbled splatting—a fast perspective volume rendering method for simulation of x-ray images from CT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Birkfellner, Wolfgang; Seemann, Rudolf; Figl, Michael; Hummel, Johann; Ede, Christopher; Homolka, Peter; Yang, Xinhui; Niederer, Peter; Bergmann, Helmar

2005-05-01

3D/2D registration, the automatic assignment of a global rigid-body transformation matching the coordinate systems of patient and preoperative volume scan using projection images, is an important topic in image-guided therapy and radiation oncology. A crucial part of most 3D/2D registration algorithms is the fast computation of digitally rendered radiographs (DRRs) to be compared iteratively to radiographs or portal images. Since registration is an iterative process, fast generation of DRRs—which are perspective summed voxel renderings—is desired. In this note, we present a simple and rapid method for generation of DRRs based on splat rendering. As opposed to conventional splatting, antialiasing of the resulting images is not achieved by means of computing a discrete point spread function (a so-called footprint), but by stochastic distortion of either the voxel positions in the volume scan or by the simulation of a focal spot of the x-ray tube with non-zero diameter. Our method generates slightly blurred DRRs suitable for registration purposes at framerates of approximately 10 Hz when rendering volume images with a size of 30 MB.

Situating cognitive/socio-cognitive approaches to student learning in genetics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kindfield, Ann C. H.

2009-03-01

In this volume, Furberg and Arnseth report on a study of genetics learning from a socio-cultural perspective, focusing on students' meaning making as they engage in collaborative problem solving. Throughout the paper, they criticize research on student understanding and conceptual change conducted from a cognitive/socio-cognitive perspective on several reasonable grounds. However, their characterization of work undertaken from this perspective sometimes borders on caricature, failing to acknowledge the complexities of the research and the contexts within which it has been carried out. In this commentary, I expand their characterization of the cognitive/socio-cognitive perspective in general and situate my own work on genetics learning so as to provide a richer view of the enterprise. From this richer, more situated view, I conclude that research from both perspectives and collaboration between those looking at learning from different perspectives will ultimately provide a more complete picture of science learning.

Transportation systems analyses. Volume 2: Technical/programmatics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1993-05-01

The principal objective of this study is to accomplish a systems engineering assessment of the nation's space transportation infrastructure. This analysis addresses the necessary elements to perform man delivery and return, cargo transfer, cargo delivery, payload servicing, and the exploration of the Moon and Mars. Specific elements analyzed, but not limited to, include the Space Exploration Initiative (SEI), the National Launch System (NLS), the current expendable launch vehicle (ELV) fleet, ground facilities, the Space Station Freedom (SSF), and other civil, military and commercial payloads. The performance of this study entails maintaining a broad perspective on the large number of transportation elements that could potentially comprise the U.S. space infrastructure over the next several decades. To perform this systems evaluation, top-level trade studies are conducted to enhance our understanding of the relationships between elements of the infrastructure. This broad 'infrastructure-level perspective' permits the identification of preferred infrastructures. Sensitivity analyses are performed to assure the credibility and usefulness of study results. This report documents the three principal transportation systems analyses (TSA) efforts during the period 7 November 92 - 6 May 93. The analyses are as follows: Mixed-Fleet (STS/ELV) strategies for SSF resupply; Transportation Systems Data Book - overview; and Operations Cost Model - overview/introduction.

Food waste conversion options in Singapore: environmental impacts based on an LCA perspective.

PubMed

Khoo, Hsien H; Lim, Teik Z; Tan, Reginald B H

2010-02-15

Proper management and recycling of huge volumes of food waste is one of the challenges faced by Singapore. Semakau island - the only offshore landfill of the nation - only accepts inert, inorganic solid waste and therefore a large bulk of food waste is directed to incinerators. A remaining small percent is sent for recycling via anaerobic digestion (AD), followed by composting of the digestate material. This article investigates the environmental performance of four food waste conversion scenarios - based on a life cycle assessment perspective - taking into account air emissions, useful energy from the incinerators and AD process, as well as carbon dioxide mitigation from the compost products derived from the digestate material and a proposed aerobic composting system. The life cycle impact results were generated for global warming, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical oxidation and energy use. The total normalized results showed that a small-scale proposed aerobic composting system is more environmentally favorable than incinerators, but less ideal compared to the AD process. By making full use of the AD's Recycling Phase II process alone, the Singapore Green Plan's 2012 aim to increase the recycling of food waste to 30% can easily be achieved, along with reduced global warming impacts.

Estimation and modeling of forest attributes across large spatial scales using BiomeBGC, high-resolution imagery, LiDAR data, and inventory data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Golinkoff, Jordan Seth

The accurate estimation of forest attributes at many different spatial scales is a critical problem. Forest landowners may be interested in estimating timber volume, forest biomass, and forest structure to determine their forest's condition and value. Counties and states may be interested to learn about their forests to develop sustainable management plans and policies related to forests, wildlife, and climate change. Countries and consortiums of countries need information about their forests to set global and national targets to deal with issues of climate change and deforestation as well as to set national targets and understand the state of their forest at a given point in time. This dissertation approaches these questions from two perspectives. The first perspective uses the process model Biome-BGC paired with inventory and remote sensing data to make inferences about a current forest state given known climate and site variables. Using a model of this type, future climate data can be used to make predictions about future forest states as well. An example of this work applied to a forest in northern California is presented. The second perspective of estimating forest attributes uses high resolution aerial imagery paired with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) remote sensing data to develop statistical estimates of forest structure. Two approaches within this perspective are presented: a pixel based approach and an object based approach. Both approaches can serve as the platform on which models (either empirical growth and yield models or process models) can be run to generate inferences about future forest state and current forest biogeochemical cycling.

The cavitation erosion of ultrasonic sonotrode during large-scale metallic casting: Experiment and simulation.

PubMed

Tian, Yang; Liu, Zhilin; Li, Xiaoqian; Zhang, Lihua; Li, Ruiqing; Jiang, Ripeng; Dong, Fang

2018-05-01

Ultrasonic sonotrodes play an essential role in transmitting power ultrasound into the large-scale metallic casting. However, cavitation erosion considerably impairs the in-service performance of ultrasonic sonotrodes, leading to marginal microstructural refinement. In this work, the cavitation erosion behaviour of ultrasonic sonotrodes in large-scale castings was explored using the industry-level experiments of Al alloy cylindrical ingots (i.e. 630 mm in diameter and 6000 mm in length). When introducing power ultrasound, severe cavitation erosion was found to reproducibly occur at some specific positions on ultrasonic sonotrodes. However, there is no cavitation erosion present on the ultrasonic sonotrodes that were not driven by electric generator. Vibratory examination showed cavitation erosion depended on the vibration state of ultrasonic sonotrodes. Moreover, a finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate the evolution and distribution of acoustic pressure in 3-D solidification volume. FE simulation results confirmed that significant dynamic interaction between sonotrodes and melts only happened at some specific positions corresponding to severe cavitation erosion. This work will allow for developing more advanced ultrasonic sonotrodes with better cavitation erosion-resistance, in particular for large-scale castings, from the perspectives of ultrasonic physics and mechanical design. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Infusing a Global Perspective into the Study of Agriculture: Student Activities. Volume 1. Developed by the National Task Force on International Agricultural Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Robert A., Ed.

The need to develop an awareness of the global nature of the agriculture industry is one of the major issues that students must begin to understand. A packet of instructional materials was developed to help teachers infuse a global perspective into units of instruction about agriculture and related topics. This document offers a series of…

From Education to Work: Cross-National Perspectives. Revisitations of Papers Delivered at the Conference at the University of Toronto (April 18-20, 1996).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heinz, Walter R., Ed.

This volume is composed of 13 comparable longitudinal studies that draw on survey data and case studies of young people in Canada, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States. "Introduction: Transitions to Employment in a Cross-National Perspective" (Walter R. Heinz) provides a context and an overview. Part I has four chapters that…

Earth's Volcanoes and their Eruptions; the 3rd edition of the Smithsonian Institution's Volcanoes of the World

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siebert, L.; Simkin, T.; Kimberly, P.

2010-12-01

The 3rd edition of the Smithsonian Institution’s Volcanoes of the World incorporates data on the world’s volcanoes and their eruptions compiled since 1968 by the Institution’s Global Volcanism Program (GVP). Published this Fall jointly by the Smithsonian and the University of California Press, it supplements data from the 1994 2nd edition and includes new data on the number of people living in proximity to volcanoes, the dominant rock lithologies at each volcano, Holocene caldera-forming eruptions, and preliminary lists of Pleistocene volcanoes and large-volume Pleistocene eruptions. The 3rd edition contains data on nearly 1550 volcanoes of known or possible Holocene age, including chronologies, characteristics, and magnitudes for >10,400 Holocene eruptions. The standard 20 eruptive characteristics of the IAVCEI volcano catalog series have been modified to include dated vertical edifice collapse events due to magma chamber evacuation following large-volume explosive eruptions or mafic lava effusion, and lateral sector collapse. Data from previous editions of Volcanoes of the World are also supplemented by listings of up to the 5 most dominant lithologies at each volcano, along with data on population living within 5, 10, 30, and 100 km radii of each volcano or volcanic field. Population data indicate that the most populated regions also contain the most frequently active volcanoes. Eruption data document lava and tephra volumes and Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) assignments for >7800 eruptions. Interpretation of VRF data has led to documentation of global eruption rates and the power law relationship between magnitude and frequency of volcanic eruptions. Data with volcanic hazards implications include those on fatalities and evacuations and the rate at which eruptions reach their climax. In recognition of the hazards implications of potential resumption of activity at pre-Holocene volcanoes, the 3rd edition includes very preliminary lists of Pleistocene volcanoes and large-volume Pleistocene eruptions, the latter in collaboration with the VOGRIPA project of Steve Sparks and colleagues. The GVP volcano and eruption data derive both from the retrospective perspective of the volcanological and other literature and documentation of contemporary eruptions and volcanic unrest in the Smithsonian’s monthly bulletin and Weekly Volcanic Activity Reports compiled since 2000 in collaboration with the USGS.

Strong ion exchange in centrifugal partition extraction (SIX-CPE): effect of partition cell design and dimensions on purification process efficiency.

PubMed

Hamzaoui, Mahmoud; Hubert, Jane; Reynaud, Romain; Marchal, Luc; Foucault, Alain; Renault, Jean-Hugues

2012-07-20

The aim of this article was to evaluate the influence of the column design of a hydrostatic support-free liquid-liquid chromatography device on the process efficiency when the strong ion-exchange (SIX) development mode is used. The purification of p-hydroxybenzylglucosinolate (sinalbin) from a crude aqueous extract of white mustard seeds (Sinapis alba L.) was achieved on two types of devices: a centrifugal partition chromatograph (CPC) and a centrifugal partition extractor (CPE). They differ in the number, volume and geometry of their partition cells. The SIX-CPE process was evaluated in terms of productivity and sinalbin purification capability as compared to previously optimized SIX-CPC protocols that were carried out on columns of 200 mL and 5700 mL inner volume, respectively. The objective was to determine whether the decrease in partition cell number, the increase in their volume and the use of a "twin cell" design would induce a significant increase in productivity by applying higher mobile phase flow rate while maintaining a constant separation quality. 4.6g of sinalbin (92% recovery) were isolated from 25 g of a crude white mustard seed extract, in only 32 min and with a purity of 94.7%, thus corresponding to a productivity of 28 g per hour and per liter of column volume (g/h/LV(c)). Therefore, the SIX-CPE process demonstrates promising industrial technology transfer perspectives for the large-scale isolation of ionized natural products. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Language Legislation and Linguistic Rights: Selected Proceedings of the Language Legislation and Linguistic Rights Conference (Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, March 21-23, 1996). IMPACT: Studies in Language and Society, Volume 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kibbee, Douglas A. Ed.

This edited volume of conference papers contains the following titles: "Presentation: Realism and Idealism in Language Conflict and Their Resolution" (Douglas A. Kibbee); "Legal and Linguistic Perspectives on Language Legislation" (Douglas A. Kibbee); "The Linguistic Rights of Non-English Speaking Suspects, Witnesses,…

Organized Out-of-School Activities and Peer Relationships: Theoretical Perspectives and Previous Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fredricks, Jennifer A.; Simpkins, Sandra D.

2013-01-01

The goal of this volume is to show how organized activities provide an ideal setting for developing a deeper understanding of peer relations, as well as offering a context for a more positive study of peers. The chapters in this volume focus on youth 10 to 18 years of age. In this introductory chapter we first describe the reasons why organized…

Working Time in Comparative Perspective. Volume I: Patterns, Trends, and the Policy Implications for Earnings Inequality and Unemployment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wong, Ging, Ed.; Picot, Garnett, Ed.

This is the first of two volumes of selected papers presented at the 1996 conference on "Changes in Working Time in Canada and the United States." Eleven chapters focus on weekly hours worked by individuals, including the recent changes in the distribution of weekly working time in Canada and the U.S., implications of the changing…

Civic Illiteracy and Education: The Battle for the Hearts and Minds of American Youth. Counterpoints: Studies in the Postmodern Theory of Education, Volume 23.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marciano, John

This book is about civic literacy, which is described as "the ability to think critically and objectively about the nation's fundamental premises and practices." The volume examines influential education reports and theorists who have defined the civic literacy debate. The book challenges the dominant perspective of history as presented…

Adult Education and Lifelong Learning in Europe and Beyond: Comparative Perspectives from the 2015 Würzburg Winter School. Studies in Pedagogy, Andragogy, and Gerontagogy. Volume 67

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Egetenmeyer, Regina, Ed.

2016-01-01

This volume presents comparisons of adult education and lifelong learning with a focus on educational policies, professionalization in adult education, participation in adult learning and education, quality in adult education, and educational guidance and counselling. The essays are based on comparisons discussed at the international Winter School…

Can Threatened Languages Be Saved? Reversing Language Shift, Revisited: A 21st Century Perspective. Multilingual Matters 116.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fishman, Joshua A., Ed.

This edited volume considers the contemporary position of 18 threatened languages. Two important questions are examined in every case: (a) what is the current demographic and functional status of a threatened language? and (b) what is the best way to understand its future prospects? The view presented in this volume is that there are ways to save…

Graduating general surgery resident operative confidence: perspective from a national survey.

PubMed

Fonseca, Annabelle L; Reddy, Vikram; Longo, Walter E; Gusberg, Richard J

2014-08-01

General surgical training has changed significantly over the last decade with work hour restrictions, increasing subspecialization, the expanding use of minimally invasive techniques, and nonoperative management for solid organ trauma. Given these changes, this study was undertaken to assess the confidence of graduating general surgery residents in performing open surgical operations and to determine factors associated with increased confidence. A survey was developed and sent to general surgery residents nationally. We queried them regarding demographics and program characteristics, asked them to rate their confidence (rated 1-5 on a Likert scale) in performing open surgical procedures and compared those who indicated confidence with those who did not. We received 653 responses from the fifth year (postgraduate year 5) surgical residents: 69% male, 68% from university programs, and 51% from programs affiliated with a Veterans Affairs hospital; 22% from small programs, 34% from medium programs, and 44% from large programs. Anticipated postresidency operative confidence was 72%. More than 25% of residents reported a lack of confidence in performing eight of the 13 operations they were queried about. Training at a university program, a large program, dedicated research years, future fellowship plans, and training at a program that performed a large percentage of operations laparoscopically was associated with decreased confidence in performing a number of open surgical procedures. Increased surgical volume was associated with increased operative confidence. Confidence in performing open surgery also varied regionally. Graduating surgical residents indicated a significant lack of confidence in performing a variety of open surgical procedures. This decreased confidence was associated with age, operative volume as well as type, and location of training program. Analyzing and addressing this confidence deficit merits further study. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

JHelioviewer: Open-Source Software for Discovery and Image Access in the Petabyte Age (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mueller, D.; Dimitoglou, G.; Langenberg, M.; Pagel, S.; Dau, A.; Nuhn, M.; Garcia Ortiz, J. P.; Dietert, H.; Schmidt, L.; Hughitt, V. K.; Ireland, J.; Fleck, B.

2010-12-01

The unprecedented torrent of data returned by the Solar Dynamics Observatory is both a blessing and a barrier: a blessing for making available data with significantly higher spatial and temporal resolution, but a barrier for scientists to access, browse and analyze them. With such staggering data volume, the data is bound to be accessible only from a few repositories and users will have to deal with data sets effectively immobile and practically difficult to download. From a scientist's perspective this poses three challenges: accessing, browsing and finding interesting data while avoiding the proverbial search for a needle in a haystack. To address these challenges, we have developed JHelioviewer, an open-source visualization software that lets users browse large data volumes both as still images and movies. We did so by deploying an efficient image encoding, storage, and dissemination solution using the JPEG 2000 standard. This solution enables users to access remote images at different resolution levels as a single data stream. Users can view, manipulate, pan, zoom, and overlay JPEG 2000 compressed data quickly, without severe network bandwidth penalties. Besides viewing data, the browser provides third-party metadata and event catalog integration to quickly locate data of interest, as well as an interface to the Virtual Solar Observatory to download science-quality data. As part of the Helioviewer Project, JHelioviewer offers intuitive ways to browse large amounts of heterogeneous data remotely and provides an extensible and customizable open-source platform for the scientific community.

Volume II: Ecosystem management: principles and applications.

Treesearch

M.E. Jensen; P.S. Bourgeron

1994-01-01

This document provides land managers with practical suggestions for implementing ecosystem management. It contains 28 papers organized into five sections: historical perspectives, ecological principles, sampling design, case studies, and implementation strategies.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Feather, F.

This volume was prepared in conjunction with the First Global Conference on the Future, held in Toronto, Canada, July 20-24, 1980. The conference combined the Third General Assembly of the World Future Society and the fifth annual conference of the Canadian Futures Society. The 59 papers presented here were selected from the very large number submitted to the conference committee; space limitations permitted only a small number of papers to be published in this volume. Included also are: the foreword, Mystery of the Future, by Edward R. Schreyer, Governor General of Canada; preface, A Time for Action, by Maurice F.more » Strong; introduction, Transition to Harmonic Globalism, by Frank Feather; conclusion, What We Must Do: An Agenda for Futurists; and postscript, The Challenge of the '80s, by Aurelio Peccei. The papers were presented under the following topics: The Trauma of Change (4); A Global Perspective (7); Inventorying Our Resources (7); The International Context (8); Economics: Getting Down to Business (9); Human Values: Personal, Social, Religious (6); Communications: Connecting Ourselves Together (4); Education: Learning to Meet Tomorrow (4); Health: New Approaches to Staying Fit (3); Futurism as a Way of Life (5); and Dreams into Action: Methods and Real-Life Experience (2).« less

Large Volume, Behaviorally-relevant Illumination for Optogenetics in Non-human Primates.

PubMed

Acker, Leah C; Pino, Erica N; Boyden, Edward S; Desimone, Robert

2017-10-03

This protocol describes a large-volume illuminator, which was developed for optogenetic manipulations in the non-human primate brain. The illuminator is a modified plastic optical fiber with etched tip, such that the light emitting surface area is > 100x that of a conventional fiber. In addition to describing the construction of the large-volume illuminator, this protocol details the quality-control calibration used to ensure even light distribution. Further, this protocol describes techniques for inserting and removing the large volume illuminator. Both superficial and deep structures may be illuminated. This large volume illuminator does not need to be physically coupled to an electrode, and because the illuminator is made of plastic, not glass, it will simply bend in circumstances when traditional optical fibers would shatter. Because this illuminator delivers light over behaviorally-relevant tissue volumes (≈ 10 mm 3 ) with no greater penetration damage than a conventional optical fiber, it facilitates behavioral studies using optogenetics in non-human primates.

Visualizing Data from EarthScope's USArray

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Woodward, R.; Frassetto, A.; Adinolfi, A.

2012-12-01

The EarthScope USArray program has generated a large volume of data from across the North American continent. The Transportable Array (TA) component of USArray has deployed over 400 seismic stations in a grid with 70 km spacing between stations. The TA has rolled the array across the contiguous US states over a ten-year period, and will have occupied over 1600 distinct sites from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean by the end of 2013. All stations transmit multiple channels of 40 samples per second data continuously, in near real time. Each station records and transmits seismic, barometric pressure, and infrasound data, as well as various state-of-health data streams. All data are immediately open and unrestricted. The TA provides a unique tool for visualizing large-scale seismic wave phenomena. The power of this tool is particularly apparent when displaying simultaneous signals from all stations as a function of time, as well as rendering multiple channels of data from each station. In this situation it is challenging to convey the 3D motion at each station as well as the aggregate 3D motion across the entire set of 400 stations. Creating movies of the data becomes essential to illustrate the time dependence of the observations. Typically the rendering of such movies requires the use of programming language that is suitable for both data analysis and graphics, as it is essential to explore different data pre-processing strategies (often filtering, but also including other pre-processing steps). Different visualization strategies provide a means for dealing with the very large volume of data generated by the TA. Typical data review strategies include a survey mode to scan large volumes of data for signals of interest, or zooming in on fine features using combinations of specialized data processing and frame-by-frame time-steps, or going back and forth between the two modes. The data visualizations are continuously evolving to explore new ideas. The movie-based representations of the data also provide an excellent medium for education and outreach. Complex wave phenomena become immediately visible to both the trained and untrained eye. Yet there are challenges in conveying an understanding of how the output of a single sensor relates to the output of multiple sensors, and how color variations are used to represent at least one of the dimensions. Conventions that are common to a scientific audience may not be familiar to other audiences. We have explored strategies for trying to add a perspective view and a sense of spatial orientation to the visualizations to make them more useful in educational settings. Some of these visualizations are now routinely produced as data products to support research and education. We will provide examples of the visualization results, including movies of seismic surface waves spreading out on the planet and the use of perspective views, cross-sections, contours, and other graphical techniques as a means to gain insight into the data. We will also provide examples of the time and spatial evolution of barometric pressure variations, seismic background noise, and solar irradiance. Examples of data visualizations created for both specialists and non-specialists will be included.

A general method for assessing the effects of uncertainty in individual-tree volume model predictions on large-area volume estimates with a subtropical forest illustration

Treesearch

Ronald E. McRoberts; Paolo Moser; Laio Zimermann Oliveira; Alexander C. Vibrans

2015-01-01

Forest inventory estimates of tree volume for large areas are typically calculated by adding the model predictions of volumes for individual trees at the plot level, calculating the mean over plots, and expressing the result on a per unit area basis. The uncertainty in the model predictions is generally ignored, with the result that the precision of the large-area...

The persistence of the large volumes in black holes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ong, Yen Chin

2015-08-01

Classically, black holes admit maximal interior volumes that grow asymptotically linearly in time. We show that such volumes remain large when Hawking evaporation is taken into account. Even if a charged black hole approaches the extremal limit during this evolution, its volume continues to grow; although an exactly extremal black hole does not have a "large interior". We clarify this point and discuss the implications of our results to the information loss and firewall paradoxes.

International Feminist Perspectives on Educational Reform: The Work of Gail Paradise Kelly. Garland Reference Library of Social Science. Volume 1030.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kelly, David H., Ed.

This volume presents articles by Gail Paradise Kelly spanning nearly 20 years of her professional career. Kelly, a leading scholar in the field of gender in education, was Professor of Education and Chairperson of the Department of Education, Organization, and Policy at State University of New York, Buffalo when she died in January of 1991. This…

The Uses of Mass Communications: Current Perspectives on Gratifications Research. Sage Annual Reviews of Communication Research Volume III.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blumler, Jay G., Ed.; Katz, Elihu, Ed.

The essays in this volume examine the use of the mass media and explore the findings of the gratifications approach to mass communication research. Part one summaries the achievements in this area of mass media research and proposes an agenda for discussion of the future direction of this research in terms of a set of theoretical, methodological,…

From Main Street to Wall Street: The Transformation of For-Profit Education. ASHE Higher Education Report, Volume 31, Number 5

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kinser, Kevin, Ed.

2006-01-01

This volume has four main goals. The first is to establish a historical perspective on the development of the for-profit sector in the United States. In most contemporary writing, the phenomenon is treated with only cursory attention to the antecedents of the institutions seen today. Although much is new about the current era, much is familiar,…

A Development Program for Metropolitan Junior College, Kansas City. Volume Three: The Economy, Population, and Manpower Requirements of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Little (Arthur D.), Inc., San Francisco, CA.

The economy, population, and manpower requirements of the Kansas City metropolitan area are examined in this volume of a report for the planning and development of Metropolitan Junior College (MJC). Part I looks at the Kansas City economy, first from a historical perspective and then in terms of recent trends in economic growth; the comparative…

Advanced electrolyte/additive for lithium-ion batteries with silicon anode

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Shuo; He, Meinan; Su, Chi-Cheung

State-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are based on a lithium transition metal oxide cathode, a graphite anode and a nonaqueous carbonate electrolyte. To further increase the energy and power density of LIBs, silicon anodes have been intensively explored due to their high theoretical capacity, low operation potential, and low cost. However, the main challenges for Si anode are the large volume change during lithiation/delithiation process and the instability of the solid-electrolyte-interphase associated with this process. Recently, significant progress has been achieved via advanced material fabrication technologies and rational electrolyte design in terms of improving the Coulombic efficiency and capacity retention. Inmore » this paper, new developments in advanced electrolyte and additive for LIBs with Si anode were systematically reviewed, and perspectives over future research were suggested.« less

New perspectives on the Popigai impact structure

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Garvin, J. B.; Deino, A. L.

1992-01-01

The record of large-scale cratering on Earth is scant, and the only currently 'proven' 100-km-class impact structure known to have formed within the Cenozoic is Popigai, located in the Siberian Arctic at 71.5 deg N, 111 deg E. Popigai is clearly a multiringed impact basin formed within the crystalline shield rocks (Anabar) and platform sediments of the Siberian taiga, and estimates of the volume of preserved impact melt typically exceed 1700 cu km, which is within a factor of 2-3 of what would be predicted using scaling relationships. We present the preliminary results of an analysis of the present-day topography of the Popigai structure, together with refined absolute age estimates, in order to reconstruct the pre-erosional morphology of the basin, as well as to quantify the erosion or sediment infill rates in the Popigai region.

Preventing heat injury: military versus civilian perspective.

PubMed

Cooper, J K

1997-01-01

Guidelines for preventing heat injury (HI) among military personnel are not directly applicable to civilian personnel. Military guidelines call for relatively large volumes of prophylactic water consumption and physical activity limitations depending on the wet bulb globe temperature. However, in civilian populations, there is an increased prevalence of HI risk factors: older age, medication use, especially anticholinergic and psychotropic medications, obesity, previous HI, and skin disorders. Although dehydration is a major contributor to HI in military situations, it is unlikely in classical heat stroke among civilians. Civilian guidelines are based on the heat index. Activity levels must be restricted more for civilians, and prophylactic water consumption (beyond replacing loss from sweat) is not necessary. This review discusses the pathophysiology of heat injury, contrasts the military and civilian approach to prevention of HI, and describes appropriate field intervention for HI.

Three-dimensional measurement of foot arch in preschool children

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background The prevalence of flexible flatfoot is high among preschool-aged children, but the effects of treatment are inconclusive due to the unclear definitions of normal flatfoot. To date, a universally accepted evaluation method of the foot arch in children has not been completely established. Our aims of this study were to establish a new method to evaluate the foot arch from a three dimensional perspective and to investigate the flexibility of the foot arch among children aged from two to six. Methods A total of 44 children aged from two to six years of age were put into five age groups in this study. The navicular height was measured with one leg standing, and both feet were scanned separately in both sitting and one leg standing positions to compute the foot arch volume. The arch volume index, which represents the ratio of the difference in volume between sitting and one leg standing positions to the volume when sitting was calculated to demonstrate the flexibility of the foot arch. The differences of measured parameters between each aged group were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Results The arch volumes when sitting and standing were highly correlated with the navicular height. The navicular height ranged from 15.75 to 27 mm, the arch volume when sitting ranged from 6,223 to 11,630 mm3, and the arch volume when standing from 3,111 to 7,848 mm3 from two to six years of age. The arch volume index showed a declining trend as age increased. Conclusion This study is the first to describe the foot arch with volume perspective in preschool-aged children. The foot arch volume was highly correlated with the navicular height. Research results show both navicular height index and arch volume index gradually increase with age from two to six. At the same time the arch also becomes rigid with age from two to six. These results could be applied for clinical evaluation of the foot arch and post-treatment evaluation. PMID:23009315

Sea-level response to ice sheet evolution: An ocean perspective

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jacobs, Stanley S.

1991-01-01

The ocean's influence upon and response to Antarctic ice sheet changes is considered in relation to sea level rise over recent and future decades. Assuming present day ice fronts are in approximate equilibrium, a preliminary budget for the ice sheet is estimated from accumulation vs. iceberg calving and the basal melting that occurs beneath floating ice shelves. Iceberg calving is derived from the volume of large bergs identified and tracked by the Navy/NOAA Joint Ice Center and from shipboard observations. Basal melting exceeds 600 cu km/yr and is concentrated near the ice fronts and ice shelf grounding lines. An apparent negative mass balance for the Antarctic ice sheet may result from an anomalous calving rate during the past decade, but there are large uncertainties associated with all components of the ice budget. The results from general circulation models are noted in the context of projected precipitation increases and ocean temperature changes on and near the continent. An ocean research program that could help refine budget estimates is consistent with goals of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Initiative.

Seismic perspectives from the western U.S. on the evolution of magma reservoirs underlying major silicic eruptions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmandt, B.; Huang, H. H.; Farrell, J.; Hansen, S. M.; Jiang, C.

2017-12-01

The western U.S. Cordillera has hosted widespread magmatic activity since the Eocene including ≥1,000 km3 silicic eruptions since 1 Ma. A review of recent seismic constraints on relatively young (≤1.1 Ma) and old (Oligocene) magmatic systems provides insight into the heterogeneity among these systems and their temporal evolution. Local seismic data vary widely but all of these systems are covered by the USArray's 70-km spacing. Among 3 young systems with ≥300 km3 silicic eruptions (Yellowstone - 0.64 Ma; Long Valley - 0.76 Ma; Valles - 1.1 Ma) only Yellowstone shows sufficiently low seismic velocities to require partial melt in the upper crust at scales visible with USArray data. Finer-scale arrays refine the shape of large (>1,000 km3) partially molten volumes in the upper and lower crust at Yellowstone, and similar studies at Long Valley and Valles indicate much smaller volumes of partial melt. Notably, Long Valley Caldera is seismically active in the upper and lower crust, has a high flux of CO2 degassing, and multi-year geodetic transients consistent with an inflating upper crustal reservoir of 2-4 km radius (compared to 20x50x5 km at Yellowstone). Upper mantle seismic imaging finds strong low velocity anomalies that require some partial melt beneath Yellowstone and Long Valley, but more ambiguous results beneath Valles. Thus, the structures of the three young large-volume silicic systems are highly variable suggesting that large reservoirs of melt in the upper crust are short-lived with respect to the ≤1.1 Ma since the last major eruption, consistent with recent inferences from geochemically constrained thermal histories of erupted crystals. Among long-extinct silicic systems, most were severely overprinted by extensional deformation. The San Juan and Mogollon Datil are exceptions with only modest deformation. These systems show low-to-average velocity crust down to a sharp Moho and relatively thin crust for their elevations. Both are consistent with a felsic to intermediate crustal column, suggesting that mafic cumulates required to produce silicic magma from basaltic inputs are not present in large quantities (>5 km layers). We infer that post-eruption foundering of mafic cumulates into the mantle occurred and was not followed by another major episode of basaltic melt input.

Uncovering the neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive, affective and conative theory of mind in paediatric traumatic brain injury: a neural systems perspective

PubMed Central

Catroppa, Cathy; Beare, Richard; Silk, Timothy J.; Hearps, Stephen J.; Beauchamp, Miriam H.; Yeates, Keith O.; Anderson, Vicki A.

2017-01-01

Abstract Deficits in theory of mind (ToM) are common after neurological insult acquired in the first and second decade of life, however the contribution of large-scale neural networks to ToM deficits in children with brain injury is unclear. Using paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a model, this study investigated the sub-acute effect of paediatric traumatic brain injury on grey-matter volume of three large-scale, domain-general brain networks (the Default Mode Network, DMN; the Central Executive Network, CEN; and the Salience Network, SN), as well as two domain-specific neural networks implicated in social-affective processes (the Cerebro-Cerebellar Mentalizing Network, CCMN and the Mirror Neuron/Empathy Network, MNEN). We also evaluated prospective structure–function relationships between these large-scale neural networks and cognitive, affective and conative ToM. 3D T1- weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences were acquired sub-acutely in 137 children [TBI: n = 103; typically developing (TD) children: n = 34]. All children were assessed on measures of ToM at 24-months post-injury. Children with severe TBI showed sub-acute volumetric reductions in the CCMN, SN, MNEN, CEN and DMN, as well as reduced grey-matter volumes of several hub regions of these neural networks. Volumetric reductions in the CCMN and several of its hub regions, including the cerebellum, predicted poorer cognitive ToM. In contrast, poorer affective and conative ToM were predicted by volumetric reductions in the SN and MNEN, respectively. Overall, results suggest that cognitive, affective and conative ToM may be prospectively predicted by individual differences in structure of different neural systems—the CCMN, SN and MNEN, respectively. The prospective relationship between cerebellar volume and cognitive ToM outcomes is a novel finding in our paediatric brain injury sample and suggests that the cerebellum may play a role in the neural networks important for ToM. These findings are discussed in relation to neurocognitive models of ToM. We conclude that detection of sub-acute volumetric abnormalities of large-scale neural networks and their hub regions may aid in the early identification of children at risk for chronic social-cognitive impairment. PMID:28505355

Uncovering the neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive, affective and conative theory of mind in paediatric traumatic brain injury: a neural systems perspective.

PubMed

Ryan, Nicholas P; Catroppa, Cathy; Beare, Richard; Silk, Timothy J; Hearps, Stephen J; Beauchamp, Miriam H; Yeates, Keith O; Anderson, Vicki A

2017-09-01

Deficits in theory of mind (ToM) are common after neurological insult acquired in the first and second decade of life, however the contribution of large-scale neural networks to ToM deficits in children with brain injury is unclear. Using paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a model, this study investigated the sub-acute effect of paediatric traumatic brain injury on grey-matter volume of three large-scale, domain-general brain networks (the Default Mode Network, DMN; the Central Executive Network, CEN; and the Salience Network, SN), as well as two domain-specific neural networks implicated in social-affective processes (the Cerebro-Cerebellar Mentalizing Network, CCMN and the Mirror Neuron/Empathy Network, MNEN). We also evaluated prospective structure-function relationships between these large-scale neural networks and cognitive, affective and conative ToM. 3D T1- weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences were acquired sub-acutely in 137 children [TBI: n = 103; typically developing (TD) children: n = 34]. All children were assessed on measures of ToM at 24-months post-injury. Children with severe TBI showed sub-acute volumetric reductions in the CCMN, SN, MNEN, CEN and DMN, as well as reduced grey-matter volumes of several hub regions of these neural networks. Volumetric reductions in the CCMN and several of its hub regions, including the cerebellum, predicted poorer cognitive ToM. In contrast, poorer affective and conative ToM were predicted by volumetric reductions in the SN and MNEN, respectively. Overall, results suggest that cognitive, affective and conative ToM may be prospectively predicted by individual differences in structure of different neural systems-the CCMN, SN and MNEN, respectively. The prospective relationship between cerebellar volume and cognitive ToM outcomes is a novel finding in our paediatric brain injury sample and suggests that the cerebellum may play a role in the neural networks important for ToM. These findings are discussed in relation to neurocognitive models of ToM. We conclude that detection of sub-acute volumetric abnormalities of large-scale neural networks and their hub regions may aid in the early identification of children at risk for chronic social-cognitive impairment. © The Author (2017). Published by Oxford University Press.

The physics of large eruptions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gudmundsson, Agust

2015-04-01

Based on eruptive volumes, eruptions can be classified as follows: small if the volumes are from less than 0.001 km3 to 0.1 km3, moderate if the volumes are from 0.1 to 10 km3, and large if the volumes are from 10 km3 to 1000 km3 or larger. The largest known explosive and effusive eruptions have eruptive volumes of 4000-5000 km3. The physics of small to moderate eruptions is reasonably well understood. For a typical mafic magma chamber in a crust that behaves as elastic, about 0.1% of the magma leaves the chamber (erupted and injected as a dyke) during rupture and eruption. Similarly, for a typical felsic magma chamber, the eruptive/injected volume during rupture and eruption is about 4%. To provide small to moderate eruptions, chamber volumes of the order of several tens to several hundred cubic kilometres would be needed. Shallow crustal chambers of these sizes are common, and deep-crustal and upper-mantle reservoirs of thousands of cubic kilometres exist. Thus, elastic and poro-elastic chambers of typical volumes can account for small to moderate eruptive volumes. When the eruptions become large, with volumes of tens or hundreds of cubic kilometres or more, an ordinary poro-elastic mechanism can no longer explain the eruptive volumes. The required sizes of the magma chambers and reservoirs to explain such volumes are simply too large to be plausible. Here I propose that the mechanics of large eruptions is fundamentally different from that of small to moderate eruptions. More specifically, I suggest that all large eruptions derive their magmas from chambers and reservoirs whose total cavity-volumes are mechanically reduced very much during the eruption. There are two mechanisms by which chamber/reservoir cavity-volumes can be reduced rapidly so as to squeeze out much of, or all, their magmas. One is piston-like caldera collapse. The other is graben subsidence. During large slip on the ring-faults/graben-faults the associated chamber/reservoir shrinks in volume, thereby maintaining the excess magmatic pressure much longer than is possible in the ordinary poro-elastic mechanism. Here the physics of caldera subsidence and graben subsidence is regarded as basically the same. The geometric difference in the surface expression is simply a reflection of the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the underlying magma body. In this new mechanism, the large eruption is the consequence -- not the cause -- of the caldera/graben subsidence. Thus, once the conditions for large-scale subsidence of a caldera/graben during an unrest period are established, then the likelihood of large to very large eruptions can be assessed and used in reliable forecasting. Gudmundsson, A., 2012. Strengths and strain energies of volcanic edifices: implications for eruptions, collapse calderas and landslides. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 12, 2241-2258. Gudmundsson, A., 2014. Energy release in great earthquakes and eruptions. Front. Earth Science 2:10. doi: 10.3389/feart.2014.00010 Gudmundsson, A., Acocella, V., 2015.Volcanotectonics: Understanding the Structure, Deformation, and Dynamics of Volcanoes. Cambridge University Press (published 2015).

MRI Volume Fusion Based on 3D Shearlet Decompositions.

PubMed

Duan, Chang; Wang, Shuai; Wang, Xue Gang; Huang, Qi Hong

2014-01-01

Nowadays many MRI scans can give 3D volume data with different contrasts, but the observers may want to view various contrasts in the same 3D volume. The conventional 2D medical fusion methods can only fuse the 3D volume data layer by layer, which may lead to the loss of interframe correlative information. In this paper, a novel 3D medical volume fusion method based on 3D band limited shearlet transform (3D BLST) is proposed. And this method is evaluated upon MRI T2* and quantitative susceptibility mapping data of 4 human brains. Both the perspective impression and the quality indices indicate that the proposed method has a better performance than conventional 2D wavelet, DT CWT, and 3D wavelet, DT CWT based fusion methods.

Causes and consequences of reduced blood volume in space flight - A multi-discipline modeling study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leonard, J. I.

1983-01-01

A group of mathematical models of various physiological systems have been developed and applied to studying problems associated with adaptation to weightlessness. One biomedical issue which could be addressed by at least three of these models from varying perspectives was the reduction in blood volume that universally occurs in astronauts. Accordingly, models of fluid-electrolyte, erythropoiesis, and cardiovascular regulation were employed to study the causes and consequences of blood volume loss during space flight. This analysis confirms the notion that alterations of blood volume are central to an understanding of adaptation to prolonged space flight. More importantly, the modeling studies resulted in specific hypotheses accounting for plasma volume and red cell mass losses and testable predictions concerning the behavior of the circulatory system.

Arab oil: impact on the Arab countries and global implications. [16 papers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sherbiny, N.A.; Tessler, M.A.

1976-01-01

The objectives in preparing this volume are threefold. First, at a time when misconceptions about the impact of Arab oil are current in the West, objective and reasoned judgments about the implications of growing Arab oil wealth are sought. To judge by accounts in the news media and the popular stereotypes to which they seem to lead, many believe the world economic and political system is seriously threatened by the Arabs. Some also apparently believe that the Arab world itself is being altered beyond recognition . . . . Taken as a group, the chapters in this volume lay tomore » rest such popular misconceptions and place in their proper perspective the changes being brought about by Arab oil wealth. Second, this volume is intended to fill a gap in the small but growing body of scholarly literature on Arab oil. A number of excellent studies have appeared in recent years, but most have been written from the perspective of a single discipline and/or ideology. Further, the majority of these works focus on the international consequences of Arab oil and neglect forces operating within the Arab oil-producing countries themselves . . . . In preparing this volume, an objective was to bring together a wide variety of viewpoints in order to present a comprehensive and balanced examination of the impact of Arab oil. Third, the volume is an assemblage of 16 papers for the specialist and the nonspecialist reader. It attempts to serve as a ready reference on the topic of Arab oil.« less

Quality in School Environments: A Multiple Case Study of the Diagnosis, Design and Management of Environmental Quality in Five Elementary Schools in the Baltimore City Public Schools from an Action Research Perspective. Volumes I and II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lackney, Jeffery A.

Environmental factors are being increasingly recognized as playing a role in school effectiveness and educational outcomes. Volume 1 examines what is known concerning the diagnosis, design, and management of environmental quality in schools, and the perceived relationship between environmental quality and educational outcomes, as revealed in an…

Issues in NASA program and project management. Special Report: 1993 conference

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hoffman, ED (Editor); Kishiyama, Jenny S. (Editor)

1993-01-01

This volume is the seventh in an ongoing series on aerospace project management at NASA. Articles in this volume cover the 1993 Conference: perspectives in NASA program/project management; the best job in aerospace; improvements in project management at NASA; strategic planning...mapping the way to NASA's future; new NASA procurement initiatives; international cooperation; and industry, government and university partnership. A section on resources for NASA managers rounds out the publication.

Employer and Promoter Perspectives on the Quality of Health Promotion Within the Healthy Workplace Accreditation

PubMed Central

Tung, Chen-Yin; Yin, Yun-Wen; Liu, Chia-Yun; Chang, Chia-Chen; Zhou, Yi-Ping

2017-01-01

Objectives: To explore the employers’ and promoters’ perspective of health promotion quality according to the healthy workplace accreditation. Methods: We assessed the perspectives of 85 employers and 81 health promoters regarding the quality of health promotion at their workplaces. The method of measurement referenced the European Network for Workplace Health Promotion (ENWHP) quality criteria. Results: In the large workplaces, the accredited corporation employers had a higher impression (P < 0.001) of all criteria. The small–medium accredited workplace employers had a slightly higher perspective than non-accredited ones. Nevertheless, there were no differences between the perspectives of health promoters from different sized workplaces with or without accreditation (P > 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that employers’ perspectives of healthy workplace accreditation surpassed employers from non-accredited workplaces. Specifically, large accredited corporations could share their successful experiences to encourage a more involved workplace in small–medium workplaces. PMID:28691998

Employer and Promoter Perspectives on the Quality of Health Promotion Within the Healthy Workplace Accreditation.

PubMed

Tung, Chen-Yin; Yin, Yun-Wen; Liu, Chia-Yun; Chang, Chia-Chen; Zhou, Yi-Ping

2017-07-01

To explore the employers' and promoters' perspective of health promotion quality according to the healthy workplace accreditation. We assessed the perspectives of 85 employers and 81 health promoters regarding the quality of health promotion at their workplaces. The method of measurement referenced the European Network for Workplace Health Promotion (ENWHP) quality criteria. In the large workplaces, the accredited corporation employers had a higher impression (P < 0.001) of all criteria. The small-medium accredited workplace employers had a slightly higher perspective than non-accredited ones. Nevertheless, there were no differences between the perspectives of health promoters from different sized workplaces with or without accreditation (P > 0.05). It seems that employers' perspectives of healthy workplace accreditation surpassed employers from non-accredited workplaces. Specifically, large accredited corporations could share their successful experiences to encourage a more involved workplace in small-medium workplaces.

Large volume continuous counterflow dialyzer has high efficiency

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mandeles, S.; Woods, E. C.

1967-01-01

Dialyzer separates macromolecules from small molecules in large volumes of solution. It takes advantage of the high area/volume ratio in commercially available 1/4-inch dialysis tubing and maintains a high concentration gradient at the dialyzing surface by counterflow.

PERSPECTIVES ON LARGE-SCALE NATURAL RESOURCES SURVEYS WHEN CAUSE-EFFECT IS A POTENTIAL ISSUE

EPA Science Inventory

Our objective is to present a perspective on large-scale natural resource monitoring when cause-effect is a potential issue. We believe that the approach of designing a survey to meet traditional commodity production and resource state descriptive objectives is too restrictive an...

Investor structure and the price-volume relationship in a continuous double auction market: An agent-based modeling perspective

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Wei; Bi, Zhengzheng; Shen, Dehua

2017-02-01

This paper investigates the impact of investor structure on the price-volume relationship by simulating a continuous double auction market. Connected with the underlying mechanisms of the price-volume relationship, i.e., the Mixture of Distribution Hypothesis (MDH) and the Sequential Information Arrival Hypothesis (SIAH), the simulation results show that: (1) there exists a strong lead-lag relationship between the return volatility and trading volume when the number of informed investors is close to the number of uninformed investors in the market; (2) as more and more informed investors entering the market, the lead-lag relationship becomes weaker and weaker, while the contemporaneous relationship between the return volatility and trading volume becomes more prominent; (3) when the informed investors are in absolute majority, the market can achieve the new equilibrium immediately. Therefore, we can conclude that the investor structure is a key factor in affecting the price-volume relationship.

Hierarchical and Parallelizable Direct Volume Rendering for Irregular and Multiple Grids

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilhelms, Jane; VanGelder, Allen; Tarantino, Paul; Gibbs, Jonathan

1996-01-01

A general volume rendering technique is described that efficiently produces images of excellent quality from data defined over irregular grids having a wide variety of formats. Rendering is done in software, eliminating the need for special graphics hardware, as well as any artifacts associated with graphics hardware. Images of volumes with about one million cells can be produced in one to several minutes on a workstation with a 150 MHz processor. A significant advantage of this method for applications such as computational fluid dynamics is that it can process multiple intersecting grids. Such grids present problems for most current volume rendering techniques. Also, the wide range of cell sizes (by a factor of 10,000 or more), which is typical of such applications, does not present difficulties, as it does for many techniques. A spatial hierarchical organization makes it possible to access data from a restricted region efficiently. The tree has greater depth in regions of greater detail, determined by the number of cells in the region. It also makes it possible to render useful 'preview' images very quickly (about one second for one-million-cell grids) by displaying each region associated with a tree node as one cell. Previews show enough detail to navigate effectively in very large data sets. The algorithmic techniques include use of a kappa-d tree, with prefix-order partitioning of triangles, to reduce the number of primitives that must be processed for one rendering, coarse-grain parallelism for a shared-memory MIMD architecture, a new perspective transformation that achieves greater numerical accuracy, and a scanline algorithm with depth sorting and a new clipping technique.

Stratospheric controlled perturbation experiment (SCoPEx): overview, status, and results from related laboratory experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keith, D.; Dykema, J. A.; Keutsch, F. N.

2017-12-01

Stratospheric Controlled Perturbation Experiment (SCoPEx), is a scientific experiment to advance understanding of stratospheric aerosols. It aims to make quantitative measurements of aerosol microphysics and atmospheric chemistry to improve large-scale models used to assess the risks and benefits of solar geoengineering. A perturbative experiment requires: (a) means to create a well-mixed, small perturbed volume, and (b) observation of time evolution of chemistry and aerosols in the volume. SCoPEx will used a propelled balloon gondola containing all instruments and drive system. The propeller wake forms a well-mixed volume (roughly 1 km long and 100 meters in diameter) that serves as an experimental `beaker' into which aerosols (e.g., < 1 kg of 0.3 µm radius CaCO3 particles) at can be injected; while, the propellers allow the gondola to move at speeds up to 3 m/sec relative to the local air mass driving the gondola back forth through the volume to measure properties of the perturbed air mass. This presentation will provide an overview of the experiment including (a) a systems engineering perspective from high-level scientific questions through instrument selection, mission design, and proposed operations and data analysis; (b) instruments, include current status of integration testing; (c) payload engineering including structure, power and mass budget, etc; (d) results from CFD simulation of propeller wake and simulation of chemistry and aerosol microphysics; and finally (e) proposed concept of operations and schedule. We will also provide an overview of the plans for governance including management of health safety and environmental risks, transparency, public engagement, and larger questions about governance of solar geoengineering experiments. Finally, we will briefly present results of laboratory experiments of the interaction of chemical such as ClONO2 and HCl on particle surfaces relevant for stratospheric solar geoengineering.

OCT in the field of laryngology: further perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Just, T.; Pau, H. W.; Lankenau, E.; Hüttmann, G.

2011-03-01

Early detection of cancerous lesions of the larynx may be the best method of improving patient quality of life and survival rates. New in-vivo technologies may be of great clinical relevance in improving the accuracy of sampling during microlaryngeal surgery. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technique that clearly identifies basement membrane violation caused by laryngeal cancer. With a microscope-based spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT) we reached in vivo a fairly accurate assessment of benign and dysplastic laryngeal lesions. Recent improvements in OCT technology have led to the development of high-speed OCT systems displaying millions of pixels per second. These systems allow non-contact real-time imaging of large sections of laryngeal tissue. Polarization contrast OCT (PS-OCT) may provide additional information about the lamina propria of the true vocal cord because of the birefringence of connective tissue. We present microscope-based high-speed SD-OCT images with and without polarization contrast and 3D volumes of selected laryngeal pathologies in order to demonstrate our current concepts for the intended intraoperative application. High-speed SD-OCT and polarization contrast can also be complemented by our recently developed rigid confocal endoscopic system to obtain cellular and sub-cellular information about the tissue. Further perspectives will be presented.

Use of FEV1 in Cystic Fibrosis Epidemiologic Studies and Clinical Trials: A Statistical Perspective for the Clinical Researcher

PubMed Central

Szczesniak, Rhonda; Heltshe, Sonya L.; Stanojevic, Sanja; Mayer-Hamblett, Nicole

2017-01-01

Background Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is an established marker of cystic fibrosis (CF) disease progression that is used to capture clinical course and evaluate therapeutic efficacy. The research community has established FEV1 surveillance data through a variety of observational data sources such as patient registries, and there is a growing pipeline of new CF therapies demonstrated to be efficacious in clinical trials by establishing improvements in FEV1. Results In this review, we summarize from a statistical perspective the clinical relevance of FEV1 based on its association with morbidity and mortality in CF, its role in epidemiologic studies of disease progression and comparative effectiveness, and its utility in clinical trials. In addition, we identify opportunities to advance epidemiologic research and the clinical development pipeline through further statistical considerations. Conclusions Our understanding of CF disease course, therapeutics, and clinical care has evolved immensely in the past decades, in large part due to the thoughtful application of rigorous research methods and meaningful clinical endpoints such as FEV1. A continued commitment to conduct research that minimizes the potential for bias, maximizes the limited patient population, and harmonizes approaches to FEV1 analysis while maintaining clinical relevance, will facilitate further opportunities to advance CF care. PMID:28117136

Technologies for imaging neural activity in large volumes

PubMed Central

Ji, Na; Freeman, Jeremy; Smith, Spencer L.

2017-01-01

Neural circuitry has evolved to form distributed networks that act dynamically across large volumes. Collecting data from individual planes, conventional microscopy cannot sample circuitry across large volumes at the temporal resolution relevant to neural circuit function and behaviors. Here, we review emerging technologies for rapid volume imaging of neural circuitry. We focus on two critical challenges: the inertia of optical systems, which limits image speed, and aberrations, which restrict the image volume. Optical sampling time must be long enough to ensure high-fidelity measurements, but optimized sampling strategies and point spread function engineering can facilitate rapid volume imaging of neural activity within this constraint. We also discuss new computational strategies for the processing and analysis of volume imaging data of increasing size and complexity. Together, optical and computational advances are providing a broader view of neural circuit dynamics, and help elucidate how brain regions work in concert to support behavior. PMID:27571194

Fundamentals of electric power conversion. Volume 2, Energy-efficient polyphase AC induction motors, final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Umans, S.D.

1992-12-01

Its rugged nature and straightforward design make the induction motor the most commonly used type of electric motor. This motor ranges in size fro the fractional-horsepower, single-phase motors found in household appliances to polyphase motors rated at thousands of horsepower for industrial applications. Volume 1 of this report describes the function of induction motors, their characteristics, and induction motor testing. Volume 2 describes the characteristics of high-efficiency induction motors, with emphasis on the techniques used to obtain high efficiency. This two-volume report is written in nontechnical language and is intended for readers who require background from applications, marketing, motor planning,more » or managerial perspective.« less

Fundamentals of electric power conversion. Volume 1, Operating characteristics and testing of AC induction motors, final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Umans, S.D.

1992-12-01

Its rugged nature and straightforward design make the induction motor the most commonly used type of electric motor. This motor ranges in size from the fractional-horsepower, single-phase motors found in household appliances to polyphase motors rated at thousands of horsepower for industrial applications. Volume 1 of this report describes the function of induction motors, their characteristics, and induction motor testing. Volume 2 describes the characteristics of high-efficiency induction motors, with emphasis on the techniques used to obtain high efficiency. This two-volume report is written in nontechnical language and is intended for readers who require background from an applications, marketing, motormore » planning, or managerial perspective.« less

West European and East Asian Perspectives on Defense, Deterrence and Strategy. Volume 3. Spanish Perspectives on Defense, Deterrence and Strategy.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-16

sovereignty over the Tarfaya strip (between Western Sahara and post -colonial Morocco), over the whole of the Western Sahara and over the Spanish enclaves...veillance post , and a supply and repair vessel in the Mediterranean. Admiral of the Fleet Lewin said around the same time that the importance of Gibraltar...5.3.2 El Pais Self-appointed diario independiente de la manana. Its editorial line is controlled by Sr. Javier Pradera, former Communist Party member

2002 Commercial Space Transportation Lecture Series, volumes 1,2, and 3

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-04-01

This document includes three presentations which are part of the 2002 Commercial Space Transportation Lecture Series: The Early Years, AST - A Historical Perspective; Approval of Reentry Vehicles; and, Setting Insurance Requirements: Maximum Probable...

Sustainability, Ecojustice, and Adult Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griswold, Wendy

2017-01-01

Adult education has a significant role to play in creating a just and sustainable world. This chapter explores a continuum of perspectives related to the environment and education and highlights sustainability and ecojustice education theory and practices in this volume.

The Evolution of Galápagos Volcanoes: An Alternative Perspective

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harpp, Karen S.; Geist, Dennis J.

2018-05-01

The older eastern Galápagos are different in almost every way from the historically active western Galápagos volcanoes. The western Galápagos volcanoes have steep upper slopes and are topped by large calderas, whereas none of the older islands has a caldera, an observation that is supported by recent gravity measurements. Moreover, the eastern islands tend to have been constructed by linear fissure systems and many are cut by faults. Most of the western volcanoes erupt evolved basalts with an exceedingly small range of Mg#, Lan/Smn, and Smn/Ybn. This is attributed to homogenization in a crustal-scale magmatic mush column, which is maintained in a thermochemical steady state, owing to high magma supply directly over the Galápagos mantle plume. The exceptions are volcanoes at the leading edge of the hotspot, which have yet to develop mush columns, and volcanoes that are waning in activity, because they are being carried away from the plume. In contrast, the eastern volcanoes erupt relatively primitive magmas, with a large range in Mg#, Lan/Smn, and Smn/Ybn. This is attributed to isolated, ephemeral magmatic plumbing systems supplied by smaller magmatic fluxes throughout their histories. Consequently, each batch of magma follows an independent course of evolution, owing to the low volume of hypersolidus material beneath these volcanoes. The magmatic flux to Galápagos volcanoes negatively correlates with the distance to the Galápagos Spreading Center (GSC). When the ridge was close to the plume, most of the plume-derived magma was directed to the ridge. Currently, the active volcanoes are much farther from the GSC, thus most of the plume-derived magma erupts on the Nazca Plate and can be focused beneath the large young shields. We define an intermediate sub-province comprising Rabida, Santiago and Pinzon volcanoes, which were most active about 1 Ma. They have all erupted dacites, rhyolites, and trachytes, similar to the dying stage of the western volcanoes, indicating that there was a relatively large volume of mush beneath them. Morphologically, however, they are more like the eastern volcanoes, and have erupted lavas with a large range in composition.

A biomechanical perspective on the role of large stem volume and high water content in baobab trees (Adansonia spp.; Bombacaceae).

PubMed

Chapotin, Saharah Moon; Razanameharizaka, Juvet H; Holbrook, N Michele

2006-09-01

The stems of large trees serve in transport, storage, and support; however, the degree to which these roles are reflected in their morphology is not always apparent. The large, water-filled stems of baobab trees (Adansonia spp.) are generally assumed to serve a water storage function, yet recent studies indicate limited use of stored water. Through an analysis of wood structure and composition, we examined whether baobab morphology reflects biomechanical constraints rather than water storage capacity in the six Madagascar baobab species. Baobab wood has a high water content (up to 79%), low wood density (0.09-0.17 g · cm(-3)), high parenchyma content (69-88%), and living cells beyond 35 cm into the xylem from the cambium. Volumetric construction cost of the wood is several times lower than in more typical trees, and the elastic modulus approaches that of parenchyma tissue. Safety factors calculated from estimated elastic buckling heights were low, indicating that baobabs are not more overbuilt than other temperate and tropical trees, yet the energy investment in stem material is comparable to that in temperate deciduous trees. Furthermore, the elastic modulus of the wood decreases with water content, such that excessive water withdrawal from the stem could affect mechanical stability.

Advancing Perspectives of Sustainability and Large-Scale Implementation of Design Teams in Ghana's Polytechnics: Issues and Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bakah, Marie Afua Baah; Voogt, Joke M.; Pieters, Jules M.

2012-01-01

Polytechnic staff perspectives are sought on the sustainability and large-scale implementation of design teams (DT), as a means for collaborative curriculum design and teacher professional development in Ghana's polytechnics, months after implementation. Data indicates that teachers still collaborate in DTs for curriculum design and professional…

Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students' Perspectives on Bullying and School Climate

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiner, Mary T.; Day, Stefanie J.; Galvan, Dennis

2013-01-01

Student perspectives reflect school climate. The study examined perspectives among deaf and hard of hearing students in residential and large day schools regarding bullying, and compared these perspectives with those of a national database of hearing students. The participants were 812 deaf and hard of hearing students in 11 U.S. schools. Data…

Stroke volume variation as a guide for fluid resuscitation in patients undergoing large-volume liposuction.

PubMed

Jain, Anil Kumar; Khan, Asma M

2012-09-01

: The potential for fluid overload in large-volume liposuction is a source of serious concern. Fluid management in these patients is controversial and governed by various formulas that have been advanced by many authors. Basically, it is the ratio of what goes into the patient and what comes out. Central venous pressure has been used to monitor fluid therapy. Dynamic parameters, such as stroke volume and pulse pressure variation, are better predictors of volume responsiveness and are superior to static indicators, such as central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Stroke volume variation was used in this study to guide fluid resuscitation and compared with one guided by an intraoperative fluid ratio of 1.2 (i.e., Rohrich formula). : Stroke volume variation was used as a guide for intraoperative fluid administration in 15 patients subjected to large-volume liposuction. In another 15 patients, fluid resuscitation was guided by an intraoperative fluid ratio of 1.2. The amounts of intravenous fluid administered in the groups were compared. : The mean amount of fluid infused was 561 ± 181 ml in the stroke volume variation group and 2383 ± 1208 ml in the intraoperative fluid ratio group. The intraoperative fluid ratio when calculated for the stroke volume variation group was 0.936 ± 0.084. All patients maintained hemodynamic parameters (heart rate and systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure). Renal and metabolic indices remained within normal limits. : Stroke volume variation-guided fluid application could result in an appropriate amount of intravenous fluid use in patients undergoing large-volume liposuction. : Therapeutic, II.

Probing the neutrino mass ordering with KM3NeT-ORCA: analysis and perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Capozzi, Francesco; Lisi, Eligio; Marrone, Antonio

2018-02-01

The discrimination of the two possible options for the neutrino mass ordering (normal or inverted) is a major goal for current and future neutrino oscillation experiments. Such a goal might be reached by observing high-statistics energy-angle spectra of events induced by atmospheric neutrinos and antineutrinos propagating in the Earth matter. Large volume water-Cherenkov detectors envisaged to this purpose include the so-called KM3NeT-ORCA project (in seawater) and the IceCube-PINGU project (in ice). Building upon a previous work focused on PINGU, we study in detail the effects of various systematic uncertainties on the ORCA sensitivity to the mass ordering, for the reference configuration with 9 m vertical spacing. We point out the need to control spectral shape uncertainties at the percent level, the effects of better priors on the {θ }23 mixing parameter, and the benefits of an improved flavor identification in reconstructed ORCA events.

Sparingly Solvating Electrolytes for High Energy Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cheng, Lei; Curtiss, Larry A.; Zavadil, Kevin R.

2016-07-11

Moving to lighter and less expensive battery chemistries compared to lithium-ion requires the control of energy storage mechanisms based on chemical transformations rather than intercalation. Lithium sulfur (Li/S) has tremendous theoretical specific energy, but contemporary approaches to control this solution-mediated, precipitation-dissolution chemistry requires using large excesses of electrolyte to fully solubilize the polysulfide intermediate. Achieving reversible electrochemistry under lean electrolyte operation is the only path for Li/S to move beyond niche applications to potentially transformational performance. An emerging topic for Li/S research is the use of sparingly solvating electrolytes and the creation of design rules for discovering new electrolyte systemsmore » that fundamentally decouple electrolyte volume from reaction mechanism. This perspective presents an outlook for sparingly solvating electrolytes as the key path forward for longer-lived, high-energy density Li/S batteries including an overview of this promising new concept and some strategies for accomplishing it.« less

Research synthesis and dissemination as a bridge to knowledge management: the Cochrane Collaboration.

PubMed Central

Volmink, Jimmy; Siegfried, Nandi; Robertson, Katharine; Gülmezoglu, A. Metin

2004-01-01

In the current information age, research synthesis is a particularly useful tool for keeping track of scientific research and making sense of the large volumes of frequently conflicting data derived from primary studies. The Cochrane Collaboration is a global initiative "to help people make well-informed decisions about health care by preparing, maintaining and promoting the accessibility of systematic reviews of the effects of healthcare interventions". In this paper we set the work of the Cochrane Collaboration in historical perspective, explain what a Cochrane review is, and describe initiatives for promoting worldwide dissemination of synthesized information. We also consider emerging evidence of the Cochrane Collaboration's impact on health-care practice, policy, research and education. Finally, we highlight the need for increased investment in the preparation and maintenance of Cochrane reviews, particularly those that address health issues that are relevant to people living in low- and middle-income countries. PMID:15643800

Sparingly solvating electrolytes for high energy density Lithium–sulfur batteries

DOE PAGES

Cheng, Lei; Curtiss, Larry A.; Zavadil, Kevin R.; ...

2016-07-11

Moving to lighter and less expensive battery chemistries compared to lithium-ion requires the control of energy storage mechanisms based on chemical transformations rather than intercalation. Lithium sulfur (Li/S) has tremendous theoretical specific energy, but contemporary approaches to control this solution-mediated, precipitation-dissolution chemistry requires using large excesses of electrolyte to fully solubilize the polysulfide intermediate. Achieving reversible electrochemistry under lean electrolyte operation is the only path for Li/S to move beyond niche applications to potentially transformational performance. An emerging topic for Li/S research is the use of sparingly solvating electrolytes and the creation of design rules for discovering new electrolyte systemsmore » that fundamentally decouple electrolyte volume from reaction mechanism. Furthermore, this perspective presents an outlook for sparingly solvating electrolytes as the key path forward for longer-lived, high-energy density Li/S batteries including an overview of this promising new concept and some strategies for accomplishing it.« less

Fabrication of Circuit QED Quantum Processors, Part 2: Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Michalak, D. J.; Bruno, A.; Caudillo, R.; Elsherbini, A. A.; Falcon, J. A.; Nam, Y. S.; Poletto, S.; Roberts, J.; Thomas, N. K.; Yoscovits, Z. R.; Dicarlo, L.; Clarke, J. S.

Experimental quantum computing is rapidly approaching the integration of sufficient numbers of quantum bits for interesting applications, but many challenges still remain. These challenges include: realization of an extensible design for large array scale up, sufficient material process control, and discovery of integration schemes compatible with industrial 300 mm fabrication. We present recent developments in extensible circuits with vertical delivery. Toward the goal of developing a high-volume manufacturing process, we will present recent results on a new Josephson junction process that is compatible with current tooling. We will then present the improvements in NbTiN material uniformity that typical 300 mm fabrication tooling can provide. While initial results on few-qubit systems are encouraging, advanced processing control is expected to deliver the improvements in qubit uniformity, coherence time, and control required for larger systems. Research funded by Intel Corporation.

Re-Conceptualizing Teacher Authority: When to Exact

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tzuo, Pei-Wen; Chen, Der-Thanq

2011-01-01

Background: This paper re-conceptualizes issues related to teacher authority by integrating the constructivist (including social constructivist) and critical perspectives. The traditional perspectives perceive that teacher authority inhibits children's autonomy of learning. This perspective has been largely challenged by two groups of studies--the…

Fundamentals of electric power conversion

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Umans, S.D.

1992-12-01

Its rugged nature and straightforward design make the induction motor the most commonly used type of electric motor. This motor ranges in size from the fractional-horsepower, single-phase motors found in household appliances to polyphase motors rated at thousands of horsepower for industrial applications. Volume 1 of this report describes the function of induction motors, their characteristics, and induction motor testing. Volume 2 describes the characteristics of high-efficiency induction motors, with emphasis on the techniques used to obtain high efficiency. This two-volume report is written in nontechnical language and is intended for readers who require background from an applications, marketing, motormore » planning, or managerial perspective.« less

Fundamentals of electric power conversion

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Umans, S.D.

1992-12-01

Its rugged nature and straightforward design make the induction motor the most commonly used type of electric motor. This motor ranges in size fro the fractional-horsepower, single-phase motors found in household appliances to polyphase motors rated at thousands of horsepower for industrial applications. Volume 1 of this report describes the function of induction motors, their characteristics, and induction motor testing. Volume 2 describes the characteristics of high-efficiency induction motors, with emphasis on the techniques used to obtain high efficiency. This two-volume report is written in nontechnical language and is intended for readers who require background from applications, marketing, motor planning,more » or managerial perspective.« less

Procedural volume, cost, and reimbursement of outpatient incisional hernia repair: implications for payers and providers.

PubMed

Song, Chao; Liu, Emelline; Tackett, Scott; Shi, Lizheng; Marcus, Daniel

2017-06-01

This analysis aimed to evaluate trends in volumes and costs of primary elective incisional ventral hernia repairs (IVHRs) and investigated potential cost implications of moving procedures from inpatient to outpatient settings. A time series study was conducted using the Premier Hospital Perspective ® Database (Premier database) for elective IVHR identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth revision, Clinical Modification codes. IVHR procedure volumes and costs were determined for inpatient, outpatient, minimally invasive surgery (MIS), and open procedures from January 2008-June 2015. Initial visit costs were inflation-adjusted to 2015 US dollars. Median costs were used to analyze variation by site of care and payer. Quantile regression on median costs was conducted in covariate-adjusted models. Cost impact of potential outpatient migration was estimated from a Medicare perspective. During the study period, the trend for outpatient procedures in obese and non-obese populations increased. Inpatient and outpatient MIS procedures experienced a steady growth in adoption over their open counterparts. Overall median costs increased over time, and inpatient costs were often double outpatient costs. An economic model demonstrated that a 5% shift of inpatient procedures to outpatient MIS procedures can have a cost surplus of ∼ US $1.8 million for provider or a cost-saving impact of US $1.7 million from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services perspective. The study was limited by information in the Premier database. No data were available for IVHR cases performed in free-standing ambulatory surgery centers or federal healthcare facilities. Volumes and costs of outpatient IVHRs and MIS procedures increased from January 2008-June 2015. Median costs were significantly higher for inpatients than outpatients, and the difference was particularly evident for obese patients. A substantial cost difference between inpatient and outpatient MIS cases indicated a financial benefit for shifting from inpatient to outpatient MIS.

Liposuction: Anaesthesia challenges

PubMed Central

Sood, Jayashree; Jayaraman, Lakshmi; Sethi, Nitin

2011-01-01

Liposuction is one of the most popular treatment modalities in aesthetic surgery with certain unique anaesthetic considerations. Liposuction is often performed as an office procedure. There are four main types of liposuction techniques based on the volume of infiltration or wetting solution injected, viz dry, wet, superwet, and tumescent technique. The tumescent technique is one of the most common liposuction techniques in which large volumes of dilute local anaesthetic (wetting solution) are injected into the fat to facilitate anaesthesia and decrease blood loss. The amount of lignocaine injected may be very large, approximately 35-55 mg/kg, raising concerns regarding local anaesthetic toxicity. Liposuction can be of two types according to the volume of solution aspirated: High volume (>4,000 ml aspirated) or low volume (<4,000 ml aspirated). While small volume liposuction may be done under local/monitored anaesthesia care, large-volume liposuction requires general anaesthesia. As a large volume of wetting solution is injected into the subcutaneous tissue, the intraoperative fluid management has to be carefully titrated along with haemodynamic monitoring and temperature control. Assessment of blood loss is difficult, as it is mixed with the aspirated fat. Since most obese patients opt for liposuction as a quick method to lose weight, all concerns related to obesity need to be addressed in a preoperative evaluation. PMID:21808392

Silicon as a potential anode material for Li-ion batteries: where size, geometry and structure matter.

PubMed

Ashuri, Maziar; He, Qianran; Shaw, Leon L

2016-01-07

Silicon has attracted huge attention in the last decade because it has a theoretical capacity ∼10 times that of graphite. However, the practical application of Si is hindered by three major challenges: large volume expansion during cycling (∼300%), low electrical conductivity, and instability of the SEI layer caused by repeated volume changes of the Si material. Significant research efforts have been devoted to addressing these challenges, and significant breakthroughs have been made particularly in the last two years (2014 and 2015). In this review, we have focused on the principles of Si material design, novel synthesis methods to achieve such structural designs, and the synthesis-structure-performance relationships to enhance the properties of Si anodes. To provide a systematic overview of the Si material design strategies, we have grouped the design strategies into several categories: (i) particle-based structures (containing nanoparticles, solid core-shell structures, hollow core-shell structures, and yolk-shell structures), (ii) porous Si designs, (iii) nanowires, nanotubes and nanofibers, (iv) Si-based composites, and (v) unusual designs. Finally, our personal perspectives on outlook are offered with an aim to stimulate further discussion and ideas on the rational design of durable and high performance Si anodes for the next generation Li-ion batteries in the near future.

'The surface management system' (SuMS) database: a surface-based database to aid cortical surface reconstruction, visualization and analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dickson, J.; Drury, H.; Van Essen, D. C.

2001-01-01

Surface reconstructions of the cerebral cortex are increasingly widely used in the analysis and visualization of cortical structure, function and connectivity. From a neuroinformatics perspective, dealing with surface-related data poses a number of challenges. These include the multiplicity of configurations in which surfaces are routinely viewed (e.g. inflated maps, spheres and flat maps), plus the diversity of experimental data that can be represented on any given surface. To address these challenges, we have developed a surface management system (SuMS) that allows automated storage and retrieval of complex surface-related datasets. SuMS provides a systematic framework for the classification, storage and retrieval of many types of surface-related data and associated volume data. Within this classification framework, it serves as a version-control system capable of handling large numbers of surface and volume datasets. With built-in database management system support, SuMS provides rapid search and retrieval capabilities across all the datasets, while also incorporating multiple security levels to regulate access. SuMS is implemented in Java and can be accessed via a Web interface (WebSuMS) or using downloaded client software. Thus, SuMS is well positioned to act as a multiplatform, multi-user 'surface request broker' for the neuroscience community.

A simple method for the production of large volume 3D macroporous hydrogels for advanced biotechnological, medical and environmental applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Savina, Irina N.; Ingavle, Ganesh C.; Cundy, Andrew B.; Mikhalovsky, Sergey V.

2016-02-01

The development of bulk, three-dimensional (3D), macroporous polymers with high permeability, large surface area and large volume is highly desirable for a range of applications in the biomedical, biotechnological and environmental areas. The experimental techniques currently used are limited to the production of small size and volume cryogel material. In this work we propose a novel, versatile, simple and reproducible method for the synthesis of large volume porous polymer hydrogels by cryogelation. By controlling the freezing process of the reagent/polymer solution, large-scale 3D macroporous gels with wide interconnected pores (up to 200 μm in diameter) and large accessible surface area have been synthesized. For the first time, macroporous gels (of up to 400 ml bulk volume) with controlled porous structure were manufactured, with potential for scale up to much larger gel dimensions. This method can be used for production of novel 3D multi-component macroporous composite materials with a uniform distribution of embedded particles. The proposed method provides better control of freezing conditions and thus overcomes existing drawbacks limiting production of large gel-based devices and matrices. The proposed method could serve as a new design concept for functional 3D macroporous gels and composites preparation for biomedical, biotechnological and environmental applications.

When counting cattle is not enough: multiple perspectives in agricultural and veterinary research

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

A traditional approach in agricultural and veterinary research is focussing on the biological perspective where large cattle-databases are used to analyse the dairy herd. This approach has yielded valuable insights. However, recent research indicates that this knowledge-base can be further increased by examining agricultural and veterinary challenges from other perspectives. In this paper we suggest three perspectives that may supplement the biological perspective in agricultural and veterinary research; the economic-, the managerial-, and the social perspective. We review recent studies applying or combining these perspectives and discuss how multiple perspectives may improve our understanding and ability to handle cattle-health challenges. PMID:21999487

The origin and crust/mantle mass balance of Central Andean ignimbrite magmatism constrained by oxygen and strontium isotopes and erupted volumes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Freymuth, Heye; Brandmeier, Melanie; Wörner, Gerhard

2015-06-01

Volcanism during the Neogene in the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ) of the Andes produced (1) stratovolcanoes, (2) rhyodacitic to rhyolitic ignimbrites which reach volumes of generally less than 300 km3 and (3) large-volume monotonous dacitic ignimbrites of up to several thousand cubic kilometres. We present models for the origin of these magma types using O and Sr isotopes to constrain crust/mantle proportions for the large-volume ignimbrites and explore the relationship to the evolution of the Andean crust. Oxygen isotope ratios were measured on phenocrysts in order to avoid the effects of secondary alteration. Our results show a complete overlap in the Sr-O isotope compositions of lavas from stratovolcanoes and low-volume rhyolitic ignimbrites as well as older (>9 Ma) large-volume dacitic ignimbrites. This suggests that the mass balance of crustal and mantle components are largely similar. By contrast, younger (<10 Ma) large-volume dacitic ignimbrites from the southern portion of the Central Andes have distinctly more radiogenic Sr and heavier O isotopes and thus contrast with older dacitic ignimbrites in northernmost Chile and southern Peru. Results of assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) models show that the largest chemical changes occur in the lower crust where magmas acquire a base-level geochemical signature that is later modified by middle to upper crustal AFC. Using geospatial analysis, we estimated the volume of these ignimbrite deposits throughout the Central Andes during the Neogene and examined the spatiotemporal pattern of so-called ignimbrite flare-ups. We observe a N-S migration of maximum ages of the onset of large-volume "ignimbrite pulses" through time: Major pulses occurred at 19-24 Ma (e.g. Oxaya, Nazca Group), 13-14 Ma (e.g. Huaylillas and Altos de Pica ignimbrites) and <10 Ma (Altiplano and Puna ignimbrites). Such "flare-ups" represent magmatic production rates of 25 to >70 km3 Ma-1 km-1 (assuming plutonic/volcanic ratios of 1:5) which are additional to, but within the order of, the arc background magmatic flux. Comparing our results to average shortening rates observed in the Andes, we observe a "lag-time" with large-volume eruptions occurring after accelerated shortening. A similar delay exists between the ignimbrite pulses and the subduction of the Juan Fernandez ridge. This is consistent with the idea that large-volume ignimbrite eruptions occurred in the wake of the N-S passage of the ridge after slab steepening has allowed hot asthenospheric mantle to ascend into and cause the melting of the mantle wedge. In our model, the older large-volume dacitic ignimbrites in the northern part of the CVZ have lower (15-37 %) crustal contributions because they were produced at times when the Central Andean crust was thinner and colder, and large-scale melting in the middle crust could not be achieved. Younger ignimbrite flare-ups further south (<10 Ma, >22°S) formed with a significantly higher crustal contribution (22-68 %) because at that time the Andean crust was thicker and hotter and, therefore primed for more extensive crustal melting. The rhyolitic lower-volume ignimbrites are more equally distributed in the CVZ in time and space and are produced by mechanisms similar to those operating below large stratovolcanoes, but at times of higher melt fluxes from the mantle wedge.

Commercial perspective in THz spectroscopy, sensing and imaging (Conference Presentation)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouyé, Clémentine; Taoudi, Sarah; Cochard, Jacques; d'Humières, Benoît

2017-02-01

For their ability to be transmitted by materials opaque in the visible and IR ranges (clothes, plastic, …), for being non-ionizing, for providing sub-mm resolution imaging, for the specific signatures of numerous materials, Terahertz waves - ranging from 200 GHz to 10 THz - have been raising the interest of industrials for about fifteen years. This study focuses on the penetration of THz technologies into the industrial applications driving the THz market growth at short and long term: Non Destructive testing (NDT), Defense and Security, Biomedical. For 15 years, Terahertz technologies have been continuously tested on a wide variety of applications. Thanks to these ongoing feasibility studies, manufacturers and end-users gained a deeper knowledge about the abilities and the limitations of the different Terahertz systems (Time-Domain spectroscopy, Frequency-Domain spectroscopy, Time-Domain reflectometry, etc). The demand from end-users is more qualified and is segmented as follows: 1. Detection of objects and defects on large areas 2. Thickness measurement on large areas 3. Chemical and Structural characterization of small objects and defects on small areas (2D) or volumes (3D) Each of these 3 functions leads to a specific family of THz systems with distinct requirements in terms of performance and cost: 1. Detection: cheap and compact imaging systems. 2. Thickness measurement: cost-effective and high speed systems. 3. Characterization: high resolution, high reliability and real-time sensing systems. This article will present the existing and incoming THz systems and components addressing each function. Terahertz technologies are currently finding their place on the market, outside research and scientific applications. The objective of this article is to identify the industrial applications where THz techniques will be adopted and to provide market growth perspectives.

A Critical Analysis of Global Competition in Higher Education: Synthesizing Themes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Portnoi, Laura M.; Bagley, Sylvia S.

2014-01-01

In this final chapter of the volume, the editors synthesize key themes that emerge from the preceding chapters. They also highlight the contributions the authors make through emphasizing critical perspectives and the tension between global and local forces.

Finding common ground in large carnivore conservation: mapping contending perspectives

USGS Publications Warehouse

Mattson, D.J.; Byrd, K.L.; Rutherford, M.B.; Brown, S.R.; Clark, T.W.

2006-01-01

Reducing current conflict over large carnivore conservation and designing effective strategies that enjoy broad public support depend on a better understanding of the values, beliefs, and demands of those who are involved or affected. We conducted a workshop attended by diverse participants involved in conservation of large carnivores in the northern U.S. Rocky Mountains, and used Q methodology to elucidate participant perspectives regarding "problems" and "solutions". Q methodology employs qualitative and quantitative techniques to reveal the subjectivity in any situation. We identified four general perspectives for both problems and solutions, three of which (Carnivore Advocates, Devolution Advocates, and Process Reformers) were shared by participants across domains. Agency Empathizers (problems) and Economic Pragmatists (solutions) were not clearly linked. Carnivore and Devolution Advocates expressed diametrically opposed perspectives that legitimized different sources of policy-relevant information ("science" for Carnivore Advocates and "local knowledge" for Devolution Advocates). Despite differences, we identified potential common ground focused on respectful, persuasive, and creative processes that would build understanding and tolerance. ?? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Recurrence interval analysis of trading volumes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ren, Fei; Zhou, Wei-Xing

2010-06-01

We study the statistical properties of the recurrence intervals τ between successive trading volumes exceeding a certain threshold q . The recurrence interval analysis is carried out for the 20 liquid Chinese stocks covering a period from January 2000 to May 2009, and two Chinese indices from January 2003 to April 2009. Similar to the recurrence interval distribution of the price returns, the tail of the recurrence interval distribution of the trading volumes follows a power-law scaling, and the results are verified by the goodness-of-fit tests using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) statistic, the weighted KS statistic and the Cramér-von Mises criterion. The measurements of the conditional probability distribution and the detrended fluctuation function show that both short-term and long-term memory effects exist in the recurrence intervals between trading volumes. We further study the relationship between trading volumes and price returns based on the recurrence interval analysis method. It is found that large trading volumes are more likely to occur following large price returns, and the comovement between trading volumes and price returns is more pronounced for large trading volumes.

Recurrence interval analysis of trading volumes.

PubMed

Ren, Fei; Zhou, Wei-Xing

2010-06-01

We study the statistical properties of the recurrence intervals τ between successive trading volumes exceeding a certain threshold q. The recurrence interval analysis is carried out for the 20 liquid Chinese stocks covering a period from January 2000 to May 2009, and two Chinese indices from January 2003 to April 2009. Similar to the recurrence interval distribution of the price returns, the tail of the recurrence interval distribution of the trading volumes follows a power-law scaling, and the results are verified by the goodness-of-fit tests using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) statistic, the weighted KS statistic and the Cramér-von Mises criterion. The measurements of the conditional probability distribution and the detrended fluctuation function show that both short-term and long-term memory effects exist in the recurrence intervals between trading volumes. We further study the relationship between trading volumes and price returns based on the recurrence interval analysis method. It is found that large trading volumes are more likely to occur following large price returns, and the comovement between trading volumes and price returns is more pronounced for large trading volumes.

Endoclips vs large or small-volume epinephrine in peptic ulcer recurrent bleeding

PubMed Central

Ljubicic, Neven; Budimir, Ivan; Biscanin, Alen; Nikolic, Marko; Supanc, Vladimir; Hrabar, Davor; Pavic, Tajana

2012-01-01

AIM: To compare the recurrent bleeding after endoscopic injection of different epinephrine volumes with hemoclips in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer. METHODS: Between January 2005 and December 2009, 150 patients with gastric or duodenal bleeding ulcer with major stigmata of hemorrhage and nonbleeding visible vessel in an ulcer bed (Forrest IIa) were included in the study. Patients were randomized to receive a small-volume epinephrine group (15 to 25 mL injection group; Group 1, n = 50), a large-volume epinephrine group (30 to 40 mL injection group; Group 2, n = 50) and a hemoclip group (Group 3, n = 50). The rate of recurrent bleeding, as the primary outcome, was compared between the groups of patients included in the study. Secondary outcomes compared between the groups were primary hemostasis rate, permanent hemostasis, need for emergency surgery, 30 d mortality, bleeding-related deaths, length of hospital stay and transfusion requirements. RESULTS: Initial hemostasis was obtained in all patients. The rate of early recurrent bleeding was 30% (15/50) in the small-volume epinephrine group (Group 1) and 16% (8/50) in the large-volume epinephrine group (Group 2) (P = 0.09). The rate of recurrent bleeding was 4% (2/50) in the hemoclip group (Group 3); the difference was statistically significant with regard to patients treated with either small-volume or large-volume epinephrine solution (P = 0.0005 and P = 0.045, respectively). Duration of hospital stay was significantly shorter among patients treated with hemoclips than among patients treated with epinephrine whereas there were no differences in transfusion requirement or even 30 d mortality between the groups. CONCLUSION: Endoclip is superior to both small and large volume injection of epinephrine in the prevention of recurrent bleeding in patients with peptic ulcer. PMID:22611315

Revisiting Teacher Feedback in EFL Writing from Sociocultural Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Icy

2014-01-01

While research on teacher feedback has largely been influenced by second language writing and second language acquisition perspectives, little attention has been paid to the contextual and sociocultural dimension of teachers' work. Overall, there is a dearth of discussion on teacher feedback that is influenced by sociocultural perspectives.…

West European and East Asian Perspectives on Defense, Deterrence and Strategy. Volume 4. Portuguese Perspectives on Defense, Deterrence and Strategy.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-16

in U.S. military planning , the West has to face growing threats in the peripheral zones, namely in those that are essential to the supply of raw...to a re-definition of U.S. strategic planning . In accordance with the ’Maritime strategy" of deployment from the U.S. territory of important military...Socialist Party, and the editor of the Communist daily, O’Diario, Miguel Urbano Rodriques. Neutralist doctrines are abundantly expressed in Liber 25

Sewage sludge pasteurization by gamma radiation: Financial viability case studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Swinwood, Jean F.; Kotler, Jiri

This paper examines the financial viability of sewage sludge pasteurization by gamma radiation, by examining the following three North American scenarios: 1) Small volume sewage treatment plant experiencing high sludge disposal costs. 2) Large volume sewage treatment plant experiencing low sludge disposal costs. 3) Large volume sewage treatment plant experiencing high sludge disposal costs.

Calderas and magma reservoirs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cashman, Katharine V.; Giordano, Guido

2014-11-01

Large caldera-forming eruptions have long been a focus of both petrological and volcanological studies; petrologists have used the eruptive products to probe conditions of magma storage (and thus processes that drive magma evolution), while volcanologists have used them to study the conditions under which large volumes of magma are transported to, and emplaced on, the Earth's surface. Traditionally, both groups have worked on the assumption that eruptible magma is stored within a single long-lived melt body. Over the past decade, however, advances in analytical techniques have provided new views of magma storage regions, many of which provide evidence of multiple melt lenses feeding a single eruption, and/or rapid pre-eruptive assembly of large volumes of melt. These new petrological views of magmatic systems have not yet been fully integrated into volcanological perspectives of caldera-forming eruptions. Here we explore the implications of complex magma reservoir configurations for eruption dynamics and caldera formation. We first examine mafic systems, where stacked-sill models have long been invoked but which rarely produce explosive eruptions. An exception is the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland, where seismic and petrologic data show that multiple sills at different depths fed a multi-phase (explosive and effusive) eruption. Extension of this concept to larger mafic caldera-forming systems suggests a mechanism to explain many of their unusual features, including their protracted explosivity, spatially variable compositions and pronounced intra-eruptive pauses. We then review studies of more common intermediate and silicic caldera-forming systems to examine inferred conditions of magma storage, time scales of melt accumulation, eruption triggers, eruption dynamics and caldera collapse. By compiling data from large and small, and crystal-rich and crystal-poor, events, we compare eruptions that are well explained by simple evacuation of a zoned magma chamber (termed the Standard Model by Gualda and Ghiorso, 2013) to eruptions that are better explained by tapping multiple, rather than single, melt lenses stored within a largely crystalline mush (which we term complex magma reservoirs). We then discuss the implications of magma storage within complex, rather than simple, reservoirs for identifying magmatic systems with the potential to produce large eruptions, and for monitoring eruption progress under conditions where successive melt lenses may be tapped. We conclude that emerging views of complex magma reservoir configurations provide exciting opportunities for re-examining volcanological concepts of caldera-forming systems.

Effect of cold drawing ratio on γ′ precipitation in Inconel X-750

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ha, Jeong Won; Research and Development Center, KOS Limited, Yangsan 626-230; Seong, Baek Seok

2014-10-15

Inconel X-750 is a Ni-based precipitation-hardened superalloy having large tensile and fracture strengths. In the study, X-750 wires were cold drawn to different extents. Small angle neutron scattering was employed to quantitatively measure the size and volume fraction of the γ′ phase as a function of the cold drawing ratio (DR) and aging temperature. The presence and size of γ′ precipitates were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The drawing ratio had an important effect on the volume fraction of the γ′ precipitates. However, the size of the precipitates was independent on the drawing ratio. The specimen with the minimum drawingmore » ratio (DR0) produced the largest volume fraction of γ′ as compared with large drawing ratio (DR) specimens such as DR17 and DR42. The small volume fraction of the γ′ phase for a sizeable drawing ratio was associated with the large amount of nucleation sites for secondary carbides, M{sub 23}C{sub 6}, and the fast diffusion path, i.e., dislocation, needed to form M{sub 23}C{sub 6}. A Cr depletion zone around the secondary carbides raised the solubility of γ′. Therefore, the significant drawing ratio contributing to the large volume fraction of the secondary carbides decreased the volume fraction of the γ′ precipitates in Inconel X-750. - Highlights: • The volume fraction of secondary carbides increased with the drawing ratio. • The volume fraction of γ′ decreased as the drawing ratio increased. • The drawing ratio affected the γ′ volume fraction with no variation of the γ' size. • The volume fraction of γ′ was affected by the secondary carbide volume fraction.« less

Milk Oligosaccharides and Metabolism in Infants12

PubMed Central

Rudloff, Silvia; Kunz, Clemens

2012-01-01

Since the discovery of human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) >60 y ago, research has faced major challenges including (i) the development of methods to identify and characterize these components, (ii) the need to use HMO fractions for functional studies because single HMO were not available, (iii) the uncertainty of the purity of HMO fractions that were often “contaminated” by remainders of lactose, proteins, or glycoproteins, and (iv) the low availability of large quantities of a single HMO for animal and human studies. In the past 10 years, there has been tremendous progress in all of these areas, particularly in the development of methods for detailed structural analysis in extremely low milk volumes. The greatest success, however, is that biotechnological means are available today to produce large amounts even of a single HMO in a purity that allows human studies to be performed in the future. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the metabolic aspects of HMO in infants starting with the first studies by Lundblad and co-workers in the early 1980s. After discussing newer observations in recent years, the review closes with a perspective on some important questions regarding metabolic and functional aspects of HMO. PMID:22585918

The effect of future time perspective on procrastination: the role of parahippocampal gyrus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

PubMed

Liu, Peiwei; Feng, Tingyong

2018-05-09

Procrastination is an almost universal affliction, which occurs across culture and brings serious consequences across multiple fields, such as finance, health and education. Previous research has showed procrastination can be influenced by future time perspective (FTP). However, little is known about the neural basis underlying the impact of FTP on procrastination. To address this question, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) based on brain structure. In line with previous findings, the behavioral result indicated that FTP inventory scores were significantly negatively correlated with procrastination inventory scores (r = -0.63, n = 160). The whole-brain VBM results showed that FTP scores were significantly negatively correlated with the grey matter (GM) volumes of the parahippocampal gyrus (paraPHC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) after the multiple comparisons correction. Furthermore, mediation analyses revealed that the effect of GM volumes of the paraPHC and vmPFC on procrastination was mediated by FTP. These results suggested that paraPHC and vmPFC, the critical brain regions about episodic future thinking, could be the neural basis responsible for the impact of FTP on procrastination. The present study extends our knowledge on procrastination, and provides a novel perspective to understand the relationship between FTP and procrastination.

Communication Concepts and Perspectives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thayer, Lee, Ed.

Communication is not only cross-cultural but interdisciplinary--in fact, even supradisciplinary. The problem of effective communication lies in coordinating various cognitive structures and in overcoming the lack of knowledge about an individual's perceptual mechanization. In this volume, some twenty-five contributors and discussants from five…

Adult Literacy Perspectives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Maurice C., Ed.; Draper, James A., Ed.

This book, intended to serve as a professional reference work, proposes to define the field of Adult Basic Education in its evolution, its contribution to professional education, and the principal problems and issues. The volume contains the following treatises: "Definitions and Evolution of the Concepts" (Thomas); "Selected…

ANALYSIS OF MACRODISPERSION THROUGH VOLUME-AVERAGING: MOMENT EQUATIONS. (R825689C037)

EPA Science Inventory

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Concl...

Play, Policy & Practice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klugman, Edgar, Ed.

In 1992, the U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), in conjunction with Wheelock College (Boston), sponsored its second workshop on children's play, entitled "Play and Cognitive Ability: The Cultural Context." This volume reflects the presentations and discussions held at the workshop, offering perspectives on children's play…

Annual review of energy. Volume 5

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hollander, J.M.; Simmons, M.K.; Wood, D.O.

1980-01-01

The many continuing efforts around the world to deal with the issues of energy supply, demand, and environmental impact are reviewed. This volume carries reviews of recent developments in solar-photovoltaic technology and inertial-confinement fusion as long-term options. Progress in some important nearer-term energy-supply areas is reviewed by contributions in the fields of battery energy storage and coal clean-up technology. In the area of energy sociology, the interesting and poorly understood topic of public opinion about energy is reviewed. The subject of energy economics is represented by a review of the role of governmental incentives in energy production. Topics related tomore » the environmental aspects of energy technologies include coastal flooding from atmospheric carbon dioxide warming, risks of liquefied natural gas and petroleum gas, and the environmental impacts of renewable energy sources. Continuing the practice of earlier volumes to review the energy perspective of a particular region or country, Volume 5 carries a review of emerging energy technologies in island environments, typified by the case of Hawaii. Finally, the energy problem from the perspective of developing countries is reviewed by two papers, the first on renewable energy resources for developing countries, and the second on the problem of energy for the people of Asia and the Pacific. A separate abstract was prepared for each of the 12 reviews for the Energy Data Base (EDB); all will appear in Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis (EAPA) and three in Energy Research Abstracts (ERA).« less

Compositional variations of ignimbrite magmas in the Central Andes over the past 26 Ma - A multivariate statistical perspective

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brandmeier, M.; Wörner, G.

2016-10-01

Multivariate statistical and geospatial analyses based on a compilation of 890 geochemical and 1200 geochronological data for 194 mapped ignimbrites from the Central Andes document the compositional and temporal patterns of large-volume ignimbrites (so-called "ignimbrite flare-ups") during Neogene times. Rapid advances in computational science during the past decade led to a growing pool of algorithms for multivariate statistics for large datasets with many predictor variables. This study applies cluster analysis (CA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) on log-ratio transformed data with the aim of (1) testing a tool for ignimbrite correlation and (2) distinguishing compositional groups that reflect different processes and sources of ignimbrite magmatism during the geodynamic evolution of the Central Andes. CA on major and trace elements allows grouping of ignimbrites according to their geochemical characteristics into rhyolitic and dacitic "end-members" and to differentiate characteristic trace element signatures with respect to Eu anomaly, depletions in middle and heavy rare earth elements (REE) and variable enrichments in light REE. To highlight these distinct compositional signatures, we applied LDA to selected ignimbrites for which comprehensive datasets were available. In comparison to traditional geochemical parameters we found that the advantage of multivariate statistics is their capability of dealing with large datasets and many variables (elements) and to take advantage of this n-dimensional space to detect subtle compositional differences contained in the data. The most important predictors for discriminating ignimbrites are La, Yb, Eu, Al2O3, K2O, P2O5, MgO, FeOt, and TiO2. However, other REE such as Gd, Pr, Tm, Sm, Dy and Er also contribute to the discrimination functions. Significant compositional differences were found between (1) the older (> 13 Ma) large-volume plateau-forming ignimbrites in northernmost Chile and southern Peru and (2) the younger (< 10 Ma) Altiplano-Puna-Volcanic-Complex (APVC) ignimbrites that are of similar volumes. Older ignimbrites are less depleted in HREE and less radiogenic in Sr isotopes, indicating smaller crustal contributions during evolution in a thinner and thermally less evolved crust. These compositional variations indicate a relation to crustal thickening with a "transition" from plagioclase to amphibole and garnet residual mineralogy between 13 and 9 Ma. Compositional and volumetric variations correlate to the N-S passage of the Juan-Fernandéz-Ridge, crustal shortening and thickening, and increased average crustal temperatures during the past 26 Ma. Table DR2 Mapped ignimbrite sheets.

A simple method for the production of large volume 3D macroporous hydrogels for advanced biotechnological, medical and environmental applications

PubMed Central

Savina, Irina N.; Ingavle, Ganesh C.; Cundy, Andrew B.; Mikhalovsky, Sergey V.

2016-01-01

The development of bulk, three-dimensional (3D), macroporous polymers with high permeability, large surface area and large volume is highly desirable for a range of applications in the biomedical, biotechnological and environmental areas. The experimental techniques currently used are limited to the production of small size and volume cryogel material. In this work we propose a novel, versatile, simple and reproducible method for the synthesis of large volume porous polymer hydrogels by cryogelation. By controlling the freezing process of the reagent/polymer solution, large-scale 3D macroporous gels with wide interconnected pores (up to 200 μm in diameter) and large accessible surface area have been synthesized. For the first time, macroporous gels (of up to 400 ml bulk volume) with controlled porous structure were manufactured, with potential for scale up to much larger gel dimensions. This method can be used for production of novel 3D multi-component macroporous composite materials with a uniform distribution of embedded particles. The proposed method provides better control of freezing conditions and thus overcomes existing drawbacks limiting production of large gel-based devices and matrices. The proposed method could serve as a new design concept for functional 3D macroporous gels and composites preparation for biomedical, biotechnological and environmental applications. PMID:26883390

Novel diamond cells for neutron diffraction using multi-carat CVD anvils.

PubMed

Boehler, R; Molaison, J J; Haberl, B

2017-08-01

Traditionally, neutron diffraction at high pressure has been severely limited in pressure because low neutron flux required large sample volumes and therefore large volume presses. At the high-flux Spallation Neutron Source at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, we have developed new, large-volume diamond anvil cells for neutron diffraction. The main features of these cells are multi-carat, single crystal chemical vapor deposition diamonds, very large diffraction apertures, and gas membranes to accommodate pressure stability, especially upon cooling. A new cell has been tested for diffraction up to 40 GPa with an unprecedented sample volume of ∼0.15 mm 3 . High quality spectra were obtained in 1 h for crystalline Ni and in ∼8 h for disordered glassy carbon. These new techniques will open the way for routine megabar neutron diffraction experiments.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Parthipun, A. A., E-mail: aneeta@hotmail.co.uk; Taylor, J.; Manyonda, I.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between large uterine fibroid diameter, uterine volume, number of vials of embolic agent used and risk of complications from uterine artery embolisation (UAE). This was a prospective study involving 121 patients undergoing UAE embolisation for symptomatic uterine fibroids at a single institution. Patients were grouped according to diameter of largest fibroid and uterine volume. Results were also stratified according to the number of vials of embolic agent used and rate of complications. No statistical difference in complication rate was demonstrated between the two groups according to diametermore » of the largest fibroid (large fibroids were classified as {>=}10 cm; Fisher's exact test P = 1.00), and no statistical difference in complication rate was demonstrated according to uterine volume (large uterine volume was defined as {>=}750 cm{sup 3}; Fisher's exact test P = 0.70). 84 of the 121 patients had documentation of the number of vials used during the procedure. Patients were divided into two groups, with {>=}4 used defined as a large number of embolic agent. There was no statistical difference between these two groups and no associated increased risk of developing complications. This study showed no increased incidence of complications in women with large-diameter fibroids or uterine volumes as defined. In addition, there was no evidence of increased complications according to quantity of embolic material used. Therefore, UAE should be offered to women with large fibroids and uterine volumes.« less

Evolving from bioinformatics in-the-small to bioinformatics in-the-large.

PubMed

Parker, D Stott; Gorlick, Michael M; Lee, Christopher J

2003-01-01

We argue the significance of a fundamental shift in bioinformatics, from in-the-small to in-the-large. Adopting a large-scale perspective is a way to manage the problems endemic to the world of the small-constellations of incompatible tools for which the effort required to assemble an integrated system exceeds the perceived benefit of the integration. Where bioinformatics in-the-small is about data and tools, bioinformatics in-the-large is about metadata and dependencies. Dependencies represent the complexities of large-scale integration, including the requirements and assumptions governing the composition of tools. The popular make utility is a very effective system for defining and maintaining simple dependencies, and it offers a number of insights about the essence of bioinformatics in-the-large. Keeping an in-the-large perspective has been very useful to us in large bioinformatics projects. We give two fairly different examples, and extract lessons from them showing how it has helped. These examples both suggest the benefit of explicitly defining and managing knowledge flows and knowledge maps (which represent metadata regarding types, flows, and dependencies), and also suggest approaches for developing bioinformatics database systems. Generally, we argue that large-scale engineering principles can be successfully adapted from disciplines such as software engineering and data management, and that having an in-the-large perspective will be a key advantage in the next phase of bioinformatics development.

Achieving the Earth Science Enterprise Vision for the 21st Century: Platform Challenges

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lemmerman, Loren; Komar, George (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

The ESE observational architecture of the future vision is dramatically different from that of today. The vision suggests observations from multiple orbits, collaborating space assets, and even seamless integration of space and other assets. Observations from GEO or from Libration points rather than from LEO suggest spacecraft carrying instruments with large deployable apertures. Minimization of launch costs suggests that these large apertures have long life, be extremely mass and volume efficient, and have low life cycle cost. Another significant challenge associated with high latitude orbits is high precision pointing and control. Finally, networks of spacecraft flying in predetermined constellation will be required either to apply complementary assets to an observation or to extend the virtual aperture beyond that attainable with a single spacecraft. These changes dictate development of new technology on several fronts, which are outlined in this paper. A section on high speed communications will outline requirements and approaches now envisioned. Sensorwebs will be developed from the viewpoint of work already begun for both space and for terrestrial networks. Precision guidance, navigation and control will be addressed from the perspective of precision flying for repeat pass interferometry and extreme pointing stability for advanced altimetry. A separate section will address requirements for distributed systems. Large lightweight deployables will be discussed with an emphasis on inflatable technology and its predicted benefits for large aperture instruments. For each technology area listed, current state-of-the-art, technological approaches for future development, and projected levels of performance are outlined.

Promoting Campus Cycling for Outdoor Recreation and Transportation: Investigating Factors Influencing Student Bicycle Usage on a Large, Southeastern University from an Ecological Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shields, Margaret M.; Thomas, Katherine H.; Paschal, Angelia; Tucker, Melanie; Leeper, James; Usdan, Stuart

2017-01-01

Biking is a popular recreational activity, and understanding how to promote participation is important to college health and recreation professionals. The purpose of this study was to examine factors contributing to cycling behaviors on one large college campus from an ecological perspective. Students were surveyed at a southeastern university in…

Public-Private Partnership: Joint recommendations to improve downloads of large Earth observation data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramachandran, R.; Murphy, K. J.; Baynes, K.; Lynnes, C.

2016-12-01

With the volume of Earth observation data expanding rapidly, cloud computing is quickly changing the way Earth observation data is processed, analyzed, and visualized. The cloud infrastructure provides the flexibility to scale up to large volumes of data and handle high velocity data streams efficiently. Having freely available Earth observation data collocated on a cloud infrastructure creates opportunities for innovation and value-added data re-use in ways unforeseen by the original data provider. These innovations spur new industries and applications and spawn new scientific pathways that were previously limited due to data volume and computational infrastructure issues. NASA, in collaboration with Amazon, Google, and Microsoft, have jointly developed a set of recommendations to enable efficient transfer of Earth observation data from existing data systems to a cloud computing infrastructure. The purpose of these recommendations is to provide guidelines against which all data providers can evaluate existing data systems and be used to improve any issues uncovered to enable efficient search, access, and use of large volumes of data. Additionally, these guidelines ensure that all cloud providers utilize a common methodology for bulk-downloading data from data providers thus preventing the data providers from building custom capabilities to meet the needs of individual cloud providers. The intent is to share these recommendations with other Federal agencies and organizations that serve Earth observation to enable efficient search, access, and use of large volumes of data. Additionally, the adoption of these recommendations will benefit data users interested in moving large volumes of data from data systems to any other location. These data users include the cloud providers, cloud users such as scientists, and other users working in a high performance computing environment who need to move large volumes of data.

Institutional Social and Cultural Influences on the Multicultural Perspectives of Preservice Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Locke, Steven

2005-01-01

In this study, I examine the perspectives of preservice teachers enrolled in a multicultural education course at a large predominately White Midwestern university. Past research on the development of multicultural attitudes and knowledge of White preservice teachers is inconclusive. In an effort to examine the multicultural perspectives of…

Assessing the Feasibility of Large-Scale Countercyclical Public Job-Creation. Final Report, Volume III. Selected Implications of Public Job-Creation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Urban Inst., Washington, DC.

This last of a three-volume report of a study done to assess the feasibility of large-scale, countercyclical public job creation covers the findings regarding the priorities among projects, indirect employment effects, skill imbalances, and administrative issues; and summarizes the overall findings, conclusions, and recommendations. (Volume 1,…

Combined low-volume polyethylene glycol solution plus stimulant laxatives versus standard-volume polyethylene glycol solution: A prospective, randomized study of colon cleansing before colonoscopy

PubMed Central

Hookey, Lawrence C; Depew, William T; Vanner, Stephen J

2006-01-01

INTRODUCTION The effectiveness of polyethylene glycol solutions (PEG) for colon cleansing is often limited by the inability of patients to drink adequate portions of the 4 L solution. The aim of the present study was to determine whether a reduced volume of PEG combined with stimulant laxatives would be better tolerated and as or more effective than the standard dose. METHODS Patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy were randomly assigned to receive either low-volume PEG plus sennosides (120 mg oral sennosides syrup followed by 2 L PEG) or the standard volume preparation (4 L PEG). The subjects rated the tolerability of the preparations and their symptoms. Colonoscopists were blind to the colonic cleansing preparation and graded the cleansing efficacy using a validated tool (the Ottawa scale). RESULTS The low-volume PEG plus sennosides preparation was significantly better tolerated than the standard large volume PEG (P<0.001) but was less efficacious (P=0.03). Thirty-eight per cent of patients in the large volume PEG group were unable to finish the preparation, compared with only 6% in the reduced volume group. There were no adverse events reported. CONCLUSIONS Although the low-volume PEG plus sennosides preparation was better tolerated, it was not as effective as standard large-volume PEG. However, in view of the significant difference in tolerance, further research investigating possible improvements in the reduced-volume regimen seems warranted. PMID:16482236

Contemporary Privacy Theory Contributions to Learning Analytics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heath, Jennifer

2014-01-01

With the continued adoption of learning analytics in higher education institutions, vast volumes of data are generated and "big data" related issues, including privacy, emerge. Privacy is an ill-defined concept and subject to various interpretations and perspectives, including those of philosophers, lawyers, and information systems…

Naturalistic Text Comprehension. Advances in Discourse Processes, Volume LIII.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oostendorp, Herrre van, Ed.; Zwaah, Rolf A., Ed.

A collection of essays on the comprehension of text brings together perspectives of different disciplines on discourse. Articles include: "Naturalistic Texts and Naturalistic Tasks" (Herre van Oostendorp, Rolf A. Zwaan); "Psychological Studies of Naturalistic Text" (Arthur C. Graesser, Joseph P. Magliano, Karl Haberlandt);…

Educational Media Yearbook 1975-1976.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, James W., Ed.

Intended for use by media specialists at all levels, this volume joins two preceding editions in reviewing the current status of educational media, instructional technology, librarianship, information science, and telecommunication. First is a collection of essays which address the following topics: 1) perspectives on educational media; 2) major…

Psychoeducational Assessment of Minority Group Children: A Casebook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Reginald L.

This volume presents an introduction and 14 case studies by various authors on psychoeducational procedures for assessing minority group children. Included are the following papers: (1) "Psychoeducational Assessment of Minority Group Children: Issues and Perspectives" (R. L. Jones); (2) "Dynamic Assessment: The Learning Potential…

MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES IN EVENT-RELATED BRAIN POTENTIAL RESEARCH

EPA Science Inventory

The volume is the Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress on Event-Related Potentials of the Brain (EPIC-IV) held in Hendersonville, North Carolina in April 1976. It contains 118 manuscripts including critical reviews and data reports in the following areas of ERP resear...

Visual Arts Research, 1995.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gardner, Nancy C., Ed.; Thompson, Christine, Ed.

1995-01-01

This document consists of the two issues of the journal "Visual Arts Research" published in 1995. This journal focuses on the theory and practice of visual arts education from educational, historical, philosophical, and psychological perspectives. Number 1 of this volume includes the following contributions: (1) "Children's Sensitivity to…

Education and War

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blair, Elizabeth E., Ed.; Miller, Rebecca B., Ed.; Tieken, Mara Casey, Ed.

2009-01-01

This book examines the complex and varied relations between educational institutions and societies at war. Drawn from the pages of the "Harvard Educational Review," the essays provide multiple perspectives on how educational institutions support and oppose wartime efforts. As the editors of the volume note, the book reveals how people…

FINITE VOLUME ELEMENT APPROXIMATIONS OF NONLOCAL REACTIVE FLOWS IN POROUS MEDIA. (R825207)

EPA Science Inventory

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Concl...

Places Where Teachers Are Taught. First Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodlad, John I., Ed.; And Others

This book utilizes 29 case histories of geographically and institutionally diverse teacher education programs to provide a comprehensive historical perspective on teacher education in the United States. The volume, organized into four parts, is further divided into nine chapters. "Part One: "Teacher Education: A Contemporary Perspective…

JHelioviewer: Open-Source Software for Discovery and Image Access in the Petabyte Age

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mueller, D.; Dimitoglou, G.; Garcia Ortiz, J.; Langenberg, M.; Nuhn, M.; Dau, A.; Pagel, S.; Schmidt, L.; Hughitt, V. K.; Ireland, J.; Fleck, B.

2011-12-01

The unprecedented torrent of data returned by the Solar Dynamics Observatory is both a blessing and a barrier: a blessing for making available data with significantly higher spatial and temporal resolution, but a barrier for scientists to access, browse and analyze them. With such staggering data volume, the data is accessible only from a few repositories and users have to deal with data sets effectively immobile and practically difficult to download. From a scientist's perspective this poses three challenges: accessing, browsing and finding interesting data while avoiding the proverbial search for a needle in a haystack. To address these challenges, we have developed JHelioviewer, an open-source visualization software that lets users browse large data volumes both as still images and movies. We did so by deploying an efficient image encoding, storage, and dissemination solution using the JPEG 2000 standard. This solution enables users to access remote images at different resolution levels as a single data stream. Users can view, manipulate, pan, zoom, and overlay JPEG 2000 compressed data quickly, without severe network bandwidth penalties. Besides viewing data, the browser provides third-party metadata and event catalog integration to quickly locate data of interest, as well as an interface to the Virtual Solar Observatory to download science-quality data. As part of the ESA/NASA Helioviewer Project, JHelioviewer offers intuitive ways to browse large amounts of heterogeneous data remotely and provides an extensible and customizable open-source platform for the scientific community. In addition, the easy-to-use graphical user interface enables the general public and educators to access, enjoy and reuse data from space missions without barriers.

The Colorado Plateau II: biophysical, socioeconomic, and cultural research

USGS Publications Warehouse

Mattson, David J.; van Riper, Charles

2005-01-01

The publication of The Colorado Plateau: Cultural, Biological, and Physical Research in 2004 marked a timely summation of current research in the Four Corners states. This new volume, derived from the seventh Biennial Conference on the Colorado Plateau in 2003, complements the previous book by focusing on the integration of science into resource management issues. The 32 chapters range in content from measuring human impacts on cultural resources, through grazing and the wildland-urban interface issues, to parameters of climate change on the Plateau. The book also introduces economic perspectives by considering shifting patterns and regional disparities in the Colorado Plateau economy. A series of chapters on mountain lions explores the human-wildland interface. These chapters deal with the entire spectrum of challenges associated with managing this large mammal species in Arizona and on the Colorado Plateau, conveying a wealth of timely information of interest to wildlife managers and enthusiasts. Another provocative set of chapters on biophysical resources explores the management of forest restoration, from the micro scale all the way up to large-scale GIS analyses of ponderosa pine ecosystems on the Colorado Plateau. Given recent concerns for forest health in the wake of fires, severe drought, and bark-beetle infestation, these chapters will prove enlightening for forest service, park service, and land management professionals at both the federal and state level, as well as general readers interested in how forest management practices will ultimately affect their recreation activities. With broad coverage that touches on topics as diverse as movement patterns of rattlesnakes, calculating watersheds, and rescuing looted rockshelters, this volume stands as a compendium of cutting-edge research on the Colorado Plateau that offers a wealth of insights for many scholars.

Europa's Great Lakes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmidt, B. E.; Blankenship, D. D.; Patterson, G. W.; Schenk, P. M.

2012-04-01

Unique to the surface of Europa, chaos terrain is diagnostic of the properties and dynamics of its icy shell. While models have suggested that partial melt within a thick shell or melt-through of a thin shell may form chaos, neither model has been able to definitively explain all observations of chaos terrain. However, we present a new model that suggests large melt lenses form within the shell and that water-ice interactions above and within these lenses drive the production of chaos. Our analysis of the geomorphology of Conamara Chaos and Thera Macula, was used to infer and test a four-stage lens-collapse chaos formation model: 1) Thermal plumes of warm, pure ice ascend through the shell melting the impure brittle ice above, producing a lake of briny water and surface down draw due to volume reduction. 2) Surface deflection and driving force from the plume below hydraulically seals the water in place. 3) Extension of the brittle ice lid generates fractures from below, allowing brines to enter and fluidize the ice matrix. 4) As the lens and now brash matrix refreeze, thermal expansion creates domes and raises the chaos feature above the background terrain. This new "lense-collapse" model indicates that chaos features form in the presence of a great deal of liquid water, and that large liquid water bodies exist within 3km of Europa's surface comparable in volume to the North American Great Lakes. The detection of shallow subsurface "lakes" implies that the ice shell is recycling rapidly and that Europa may be currently active. In this presentation, we will explore environments on Europa and their analogs on Earth, from collapsing Antarctic ice shelves to to subglacial volcanos in Iceland. I will present these new analyses, and describe how this new perspective informs the debate about Europa's habitability and future exploration.

Transportation systems analyses: Volume 1: Executive Summary

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1993-05-01

The principal objective of this study is to accomplish a systems engineering assessment of the nation's space transportation infrastructure. This analysis addresses the necessary elements to perform man delivery and return, cargo transfer, cargo delivery, payload servicing, and the exploration of the Moon and Mars. Specific elements analyzed, but not limited to, include the Space Exploration Initiative (SEI), the National Launch System (NLS), the current expendable launch vehicle (ELV) fleet, ground facilities, the Space Station Freedom (SSF), and other civil, military and commercial payloads. The performance of this study entails maintaining a broad perspective on the large number of transportation elements that could potentially comprise the U.S. space infrastructure over the next several decades. To perform this systems evaluation, top-level trade studies are conducted to enhance our understanding of the relationships between elements of the infrastructure. This broad 'infrastructure-level perspective' permits the identification of preferred infrastructures. Sensitivity analyses are performed to assure the credibility and usefulness of study results. This executive summary of the transportation systems analyses (TSM) semi-annual report addresses the SSF logistics resupply. Our analysis parallels the ongoing NASA SSF redesign effort. Therefore, there could be no SSF design to drive our logistics analysis. Consequently, the analysis attempted to bound the reasonable SSF design possibilities (and the subsequent transportation implications). No other strategy really exists until after a final decision is rendered on the SSF configuration.

"Neuro-semeiotics" and "free-energy minimization" suggest a unified perspective for integrative brain actions: focus on receptor heteromers and Roamer type of volume transmission.

PubMed

Agnati, Luigi F; Guidolin, Diego; Marcoli, Manuela; Genedani, Susanna; Borroto-Escuela, Dasiel; Maura, Guido; Fuxe, Kjell

2014-01-01

Two far-reaching theoretical approaches, namely "Neuro-semeiotics" (NS) and "Free-energy Minimization" (FEM), have been recently proposed as frames within which to put forward heuristic hypotheses on integrative brain actions. In the present paper these two theoretical approaches are briefly discussed in the perspective of a recent model of brain architecture and information handling based on what we suggest calling Jacob's tinkering principle, whereby "to create is to recombine!". The NS and FEM theoretical approaches will be discussed from the perspective both of the Roamer-Type Volume Transmission (especially exosome-mediated) of intercellular communication and of the impact of receptor oligomers and Receptor-Receptor Interactions (RRIs) on signal recognition/decoding processes. In particular, the Bio-semeiotics concept of "adaptor" will be used to analyze RRIs as an important feature of NS. Furthermore, the concept of phenotypic plasticity of cells will be introduced in view of the demonstration of the possible transfer of receptors (i.e., adaptors) into a computational network via exosomes (see also Appendix). Thus, Jacob's tinkering principle will be proposed as a theoretical basis for some learning processes both at the network level (Turing-like type of machine) and at the molecular level as a consequence of both the plastic changes in the adaptors caused by the allosteric interactions in the receptor oligomers and the intercellular transfer of receptors. Finally, on the basis of NS and FEM theories, a unified perspective for integrative brain actions will be proposed.

Short-term market reaction after trading halts in Chinese stock market

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Hai-Chuan; Zhang, Wei; Liu, Yi-Fang

2014-05-01

In this paper, we study the dynamics of absolute return, trading volume and bid-ask spread after the trading halts using high-frequency data from the Shanghai Stock Exchange. We deal with all three types of trading halts, namely intraday halts, one-day halts and inter-day halts, of 203 stocks in Shanghai Stock Exchange from August 2009 to 2011. We find that absolute return, trading volume, and in case of bid-ask spread around intraday halts share the same pattern with a sharp peak and a power law relaxation after that. While for different types of trading halts, the peaks’ height and the relaxation exponents are different. From the perspective of halt reasons or halt durations, the relaxation exponents of absolute return after inter-day halts are larger than those after intraday halts and one-day halts, which implies that inter-day halts are most effective. From the perspective of price trends, the relaxation exponents of excess absolute return and excess volume for positive events are larger than those for negative events in case of intraday halts and one-day halts, implying that positive events are more effective than negative events for intraday halts and one-day halts. In contrast, negative events are more effective than positive events for inter-day halts.

Availability and temporal heterogeneity of water supply affect the vertical distribution and mortality of a belowground herbivore and consequently plant growth.

PubMed

Tsunoda, Tomonori; Kachi, Naoki; Suzuki, Jun-Ichirou

2014-01-01

We examined how the volume and temporal heterogeneity of water supply changed the vertical distribution and mortality of a belowground herbivore, and consequently affected plant biomass. Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae) seedlings were grown at one per pot under different combinations of water volume (large or small volume) and heterogeneity (homogeneous water conditions, watered every day; heterogeneous conditions, watered every 4 days) in the presence or absence of a larva of the belowground herbivorous insect, Anomala cuprea (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The larva was confined in different vertical distributions to top feeding zone (top treatment), middle feeding zone (middle treatment), or bottom feeding zone (bottom treatment); alternatively no larva was introduced (control treatment) or larval movement was not confined (free treatment). Three-way interaction between water volume, heterogeneity, and the herbivore significantly affected plant biomass. With a large water volume, plant biomass was lower in free treatment than in control treatment regardless of heterogeneity. Plant biomass in free treatment was as low as in top treatment. With a small water volume and in free treatment, plant biomass was low (similar to that under top treatment) under homogeneous water conditions but high under heterogeneous ones (similar to that under middle or bottom treatment). Therefore, there was little effect of belowground herbivory on plant growth under heterogeneous water conditions. In other watering regimes, herbivores would be distributed in the shallow soil and reduced root biomass. Herbivore mortality was high with homogeneous application of a large volume or heterogeneous application of a small water volume. Under the large water volume, plant biomass was high in pots in which the herbivore had died. Thus, the combinations of water volume and heterogeneity affected plant growth via the change of a belowground herbivore.

A "Trans-Dyadic" Perspective on the Goldwater Rule.

PubMed

Plakun, Eric M

2017-11-01

The Goldwater Rule has been debated, redefined, and debated further since the election of Donald Trump as President of the United States. This column offers a perspective on the Goldwater Rule that moves beyond psychiatry's current preoccupation with precision DSM-5 diagnosis of individuals, which ethically requires consent or other legal authorization for release of diagnostic information to others, and into the realm of leadership as seen through the "trans-dyadic" lens of psychoanalytic understanding of large group processes on a societal level. Concepts from large group psychology are introduced to illustrate "trans-dyadic" perspectives on leadership that do not challenge the Goldwater Rule.

Fourth - generation languages. Volume 2. Representative 4GLs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Martin, J.

1986-01-01

The chapters in Part II each describe one representative product marketed by a vendor other than IBM. (Volume III of this work covers IBM languages.) The chapters in Part II cover the following 4GLs: ADS/ONLINE, APPLICATION FACTORY, DATATRIEVE, FOCUS, IDEAL, INTELLECT, MANTIS, MIMER, NATURAL, NOMAD2, RAMIS II, SYSTEM W, and USE-IT. The Perspective section of Part II presents a general overview of the product and describes its role in the marketplace. The Tutorial section describes how a user employs the language in application development.

Journal of Air Transportation, Volume 9, No. 1. Volume 9, No. 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bowen, Brent D. (Editor)

2004-01-01

The articles in this issue include: 1) Are Four Year Universities Better than Two-Year Colleges at Preparing Students to Pass the FAA Aircraft Mechanic Certification Written Examinations? 2) Assessing Perceived Risk of Consumers in Internet Airline Reservations Services; 3) Perceptions of Communication Training Among Collegiate Flight Educators; 4) Ethics Education in University Aviation Management Programs in the U.S.: Part Three - Qualitative Analysis and Recommendations; 5) Airline Flight Operations Internships Perspectives; 6) Applying Data Mining Techniques to Forecast Number of Airline Passengers in Saudi Arabia (Domestic and International Travels).

Journal of Air Transportation, Volume 9, No. 2. Volume 9, No. 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bowen, Brent (Editor); Kabashkin, Igor (Editor); Gudmundsson, Sveinn Vidar (Editor); Scarpellini, Nanette (Editor)

2004-01-01

The following articles from the "Journal of Air Transportation" were processed: Future Requirements and Concepts for Cabins of Blended Wing Body Configurations:A Scenario Approach; Future Scenarios for the European Airline Industry: A Marketing-Based Perspective; An Application of the Methodology for Assessment of the Sustainability of the Air Transport System; Modeling the Effect of Enlarged Seating Room on Passenger Preferences of Domestic Airlines in Taiwan; Developing a Fleet Standardization Index for Airline Pricing; and Future Airport Capacity Utilization in Germany: Peaked Congestion and/or Idle Capacity).

International Photovoltaic Program Plan. Volume II. Appendices

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Costello, D.; Koontz, R.; Posner, D.

1979-12-01

This second volume of a two-part report on the International Photovoltaic Program Plan contains appendices summarizing the results of analyses conducted in preparation of the plan. These analyses include compilations of relevant statutes and existing Federal programs; strategies designed to expand the use of photovoltaics abroad; information on the domestic photovoltaic plan and its impact on the proposed international plan; perspectives on foreign competition; industry views on the international photovoltaic market and ideas about how US government actions could affect this market; international financing issues; and information on issues affecting foreign policy and developing countries.

Novel diamond cells for neutron diffraction using multi-carat CVD anvils

DOE PAGES

Boehler, R.; Molaison, J. J.; Haberl, B.

2017-08-17

Traditionally, neutron diffraction at high pressure has been severely limited in pressure because low neutron flux required large sample volumes and therefore large volume presses. At the high-flux Spallation Neutron Source at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, we have developed in this paper new, large-volume diamond anvil cells for neutron diffraction. The main features of these cells are multi-carat, single crystal chemical vapor deposition diamonds, very large diffraction apertures, and gas membranes to accommodate pressure stability, especially upon cooling. A new cell has been tested for diffraction up to 40 GPa with an unprecedented sample volume of ~0.15 mm 3.more » High quality spectra were obtained in 1 h for crystalline Ni and in ~8 h for disordered glassy carbon. Finally, these new techniques will open the way for routine megabar neutron diffraction experiments.« less

Commentary: An Asian Americanist Perspective on Child Development.

PubMed

Lee, Richard M; Y J Kim, Adam; Zhou, Xiang

2016-07-01

In this commentary, we put forth an Asian Americanist perspective on child development that frames, expands upon, and at times challenges the contextual, conceptual, and methodological ideas put forward by Kiang et al., Mistry et al., and Yoshikawa et al. (this volume). This Asian Americanist perspective draws upon scholarship in Asian American Studies and critical race theory to bridge the historical, conceptual, and methodological contributions of the three articles. We also aim to challenge current and future generations of scholars studying Asian American child development to look at Asian American youth and families as autonomous, self-determining agents who are capable of challenging, resisting, and affecting change in a racialized society. © 2016 The Authors. Child Development © 2016 Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.

Considerations for planning and conducting clinic-based research in physical therapy.

PubMed

Fitzgerald, G K; Delitto, A

2001-08-01

There is growing demand to increase the volume of clinic-based research in physical therapy. Special considerations, unique to the planning and conduct of clinic-based research, need to be addressed to increase the likelihood that these studies will be completed successfully. The purposes of this perspective are to discuss factors affecting clinic-based research and to offer suggestions for addressing these problems when designing and conducting research studies in a clinical setting. This perspective discusses issues such as patient management, determining the availability of target patient populations, acquiring support from physical therapists and physicians, reporting and managing research-related injury or illness, and modifying or terminating projects. Some of the points made in this perspective are illustrated using examples from the authors' experiences in conducting clinical research.

Radiation from Large Gas Volumes and Heat Exchange in Steam Boiler Furnaces

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Makarov, A. N., E-mail: tgtu-kafedra-ese@mail.ru

2015-09-15

Radiation from large cylindrical gas volumes is studied as a means of simulating the flare in steam boiler furnaces. Calculations of heat exchange in a furnace by the zonal method and by simulation of the flare with cylindrical gas volumes are described. The latter method is more accurate and yields more reliable information on heat transfer processes taking place in furnaces.

Racism? Administrative and Community Perspectives in Data-Driven Decision Making: Systemic Perspectives versus Technical-Rational Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Khalifa, Muhammad A.; Jennings, Michael E.; Briscoe, Felecia; Oleszweski, Ashley M.; Abdi, Nimo

2014-01-01

This case study describes tensions that became apparent between community members and school administrators after a proposal to close a historically African American public high school in a large urban Southwestern city. When members of the city's longstanding African American community responded with outrage, the school district's senior…

Regional Disparities in Educational Development: A Controversial Issue.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carron, Gabriel, Ed.; Chau, Ta Ngoc, Ed.

To complement a volume of case studies, these four papers and an introduction discuss the problem of regional disparities in educational development from several different perspectives. Varying points of view are presented on the relationship between regional educational disparities and socioeconomic, political, and cultural development; the…

Directions in Mental Health Counseling, 2001.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flach, Frederic, Ed.

2001-01-01

A collection of 12 lessons, this volume covers a wide range of concerns in mental health counseling. The lessons, which may be applied toward continuing education credits, are: (1) "Perspectives on the Essentials of Clinical Supervision" (Stephen A. Anderson); (2) "Adlerian Group Psychotherapy: A Brief Therapy Approach"…

Australian Education: Review of Research. 1965-1998.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keeves, John, Ed.; Majoribanks, Kevin, Ed.

The collection of articles in this volume provides a review of research and scholarly work in the field of education that has been undertaken in Australia during the past 30 years. Part 1, "Background Perspectives," includes (1) "Social Context of Education" (Kevin Majoribanks); (2) "Politics of Education" (Grant…

Advancing the Art of Inquiry in School Desegregation Research.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

System Development Corp., Santa Monica, CA.

This volume represents the results of an effort to reconsider school desegregation research from a "situational" perspective--one that recognizes macro and micro processes, objective and subjective forces, and proximal and distal influences. Part I is an introduction, "The Desegregation Situation," written by Jeffrey Prager,…

Community, Educational, and Social Impact Perspectives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schoeny, Donna Hager, Ed.; Decker, Larry E., Ed.

This volume consists of edited versions of 17 papers and reaction papers that were commissioned to examine the community, educational, and social impact of community education. Various topics pertaining to the impact of community education are examined, including educational programs of students, school closings and shifting populations, the…

Publisher Correction: Recent progress and perspectives of space electric propulsion systems based on smart nanomaterials.

PubMed

Levchenko, I; Xu, S; Teel, G; Mariotti, D; Walker, M L R; Keidar, M

2018-04-10

The original PDF version of this Article had an incorrect volume number of '8'; it should have been '9'. This has been corrected in the PDF version of the Article. The HTML version was correct from the time of publication.

Deaf-Blind Perspectives. Volume 3, 1995-1996.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deaf-Blind Perspectives, 1996

1996-01-01

These three newsletter issues present feature articles and resources on individuals with deaf-blindness. The following articles are included: (1) "Current Status for Reauthorization of IDEA" (Joseph McNulty); (2) "Utah Enhances Services for Children Who Are Deaf-Blind" (Paddi Henderson and John Killoran); (3) "Families and…

Communication, Language, and Meaning: Psychological Perspectives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, George A.

This volume contains original studies on communication and its psychological implications, presenting the latest developments in knowledge and research. It is designed for laymen and students interested in studying written and oral language, technological innovations, and the communications industries. Each of the 25 essays is written by an expert…

FINITE VOLUME ELEMENT APPROXIMATIONS OF NONLOCAL IN TIME ONE-DIMENSIONAL PLOWS IN POROUS MEDIA. (R825207)

EPA Science Inventory

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Concl...

Global Perspectives on Multilingualism: Unity in Diversity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torres-Guzman, Maria E., Ed.; Gomez, Joel, Ed.

2009-01-01

In this timely volume, international scholars examine how multilingual schooling is handled in schools across the world with a series of case studies from South Africa, Nigeria, Germany, Colombia, Slovakia, New Zealand, and Taiwan. Presenting new contributions arising from the varied contexts of multilingualism today, this collection urges…

Visual Arts Research, 1994.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gardner, Nancy C., Ed.; Thompson, Christine, Ed.

1994-01-01

This document consists of the two issues of the journal "Visual Arts in Research" published in 1994. This journal focuses on the theory and practice of visual arts education from educational, historical, philosophical, and psychological perspectives. Number 1 of this volume includes the following contributions: (1) "Zooming in on the Qualitative…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 35, No. 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2008-01-01

Each edition of the "IDRA (Intercultural Development Research Association) Newsletter" strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on parent and community engagement and includes: (1) Community Conversations about…

New Perspectives and Issues in Educational Language Policy: A Festschrift for Bernard Dov Spolsky.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooper, Robert L., Ed.; Shohamy, Elana, Ed.; Walters, Joel, Ed.

This edited volume contains 15 chapters. Part one, "Language Teaching, Language Learning, and Literacy," has three chapters: "The Monolingual Teaching and Bilingual Learning of English" (Henry G. Widdowson); "Literacy: The Extension of Languages Through Other Means" (Ellen Bialystok); "Bilingual Processing…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 43, No. 7

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2016-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Teaching Quality and includes: (1) Fostering Culturally Diverse Learning Environments (Paula Johnson); (2) Unlocking Instruction…

Programming for Adolescents with Behavioral Disorders. Volume 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Braaten, Sheldon, Ed.; And Others

Thirteen papers were selected from presentations made at a 1985 multidisciplinary conference on programing for adolescents with behavior disorders. The following papers are included: "Adolescent Needs and Behavior in the Schools: Current and Historical Perspectives" (S. Braaten); "Programs for Adolescents: What Works and Why?" (J. Lipsitz);…

Latest medical applications of polypropylene.

PubMed

Van Lierde, Stijn

2004-06-01

PP volumes for use in medical applications increase every year for some obvious reasons. The polymer can be processed by practically all techniques and sterilisation and transparency processes, and its properties are continuously improved. Furthermore, it can replace many other materials, and is attractive from a cost and versatility perspective.

Reading Disabilities: An International Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tarnopol, Lester, Ed.; Tarnopol, Muriel, Ed.

This volume includes essays on reading disabilities in such places as Argentina, Austria, Belgium, China, Canada, Denmark, Czechoslovakia, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Norway, The Netherlands, Rhodesia, Republic of South Africa, and the United States. Most of the 20 essays include the background of special education in the…

Educational Reform: A Deweyan Perspective. Critical Educational Practice. Volume 10.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simpson, Douglas J.; Jackson, Michael J. B.

This book re-examines the reflective, controversial voice of John Dewey. Educators and policymakers must take into account various social, political, economic, philosophical, and professional considerations that influence both formal and informal education. Following the introduction by Harvey Neufeldt called "School Reform in Dewey's…

Mental Retardation: Topics of Today--Issues of Tomorrow.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyen, Edward L., Ed.

1984-01-01

The monograph examines issues affecting the future of handicapped people generally, and mentally retarded people specifically. E. Meyen introduces the volume and describes how the issues were identified. H. Turnbull and P. Barber, in "Perspectives on Public Policy," discuss such issues as defederalization, redefinition of handicaps, and…

Iraqi Perspectives Project Phase II. Um Al-Ma’arik (The Mother of All Battles): Operational and Strategic Insights from an Iraqi Perspective, Volume 1 (Revised May 2008)

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-05-01

St. Martin’s Press, 1993), pp. 5–36. 65 the use of chemical weapons.159 But even more troubling developments resulted from changes inside the...force, even if it was a force the size of the Kuwaitis.”273 In the same post-war discussion, Ali Hassan al-Majid (aka Chemical Ali) re- called that in...decided to annex Kuwait, and Saddam installed his cousin, Ali Hassan al-Majid (aka Chemical Ali) as the governor. Chemical Ali was then replaced by

A spacefaring nation - Perspectives on American space history and policy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Collins, Martin J. (Editor); Fries, Sylvia D. (Editor)

1991-01-01

The present volume on perspectives on American space history and policy discusses decision-making, space science and scientific communities, postwar aeronautical research in the federal laboratory, and civilian and military remote sensing and reconnaissance. Attention is given to the interpenetration of science, technology, and politics; space 'sociology'; and space technology and planetary science from 1950 to 1985. Other topics addressed include the aeronautics infrastructure as it applies to aeronautics history, the Lewis Research Center and its transition to space, the relationship between NASA and the users of earth resources data, and methodology for researching a classified system for space reconnaissance.

Fluid therapy and the hypovolemic microcirculation.

PubMed

Gruartmoner, G; Mesquida, J; Ince, Can

2015-08-01

In shock states, optimizing intravascular volume is crucial to promote an adequate oxygen delivery to the tissues. Our current practice in fluid management pivots on the Frank-Starling law of the heart, and the effects of fluids are measured according to the induced changes on stroke volume. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the boundaries of current macrohemodynamic approach to fluid administration, and to introduce the microcirculatory integration as a fundamental part of tissue perfusion monitoring. Macrocirculatory changes induced by volume expansion are not always coupled to proportional changes in microcirculatory perfusion. Loss of hemodynamic coherence limits the value of guiding fluid therapy according to macrohemodynamics, and highlights the importance of evaluating the ultimate target of volume administration, the microcirculation. Current approach to intravascular volume optimization is made from a macrohemodynamic perspective. However, several situations wherein macrocirculatory and microcirculatory coherence is lost have been described. Future clinical trials should explore the usefulness of integrating the microcirculatory evaluation in fluid optimization.

Feasibility of large volume tumor ablation using multiple-mode strategy with fast scanning method: A numerical study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Hao; Shen, Guofeng; Qiao, Shan; Chen, Yazhu

2017-03-01

Sonication with fast scanning method can generate homogeneous lesions without complex planning. But when the target region is large, switching focus too fast will reduce the heat accumulation, the margin of which may not ablated. Furthermore, high blood perfusion rate will reduce this maximum volume that can be ablated. Therefore, fast scanning method may not be applied to large volume tumor. To expand the therapy scope, this study combines the fast scan method with multiple mode strategy. Through simulation and experiment, the feasibility of this new strategy is evaluated and analyzed.

Sparse aperture endoscope

DOEpatents

Fitch, J.P.

1999-07-06

An endoscope is disclosed which reduces the volume needed by the imaging part, maintains resolution of a wide diameter optical system, while increasing tool access, and allows stereographic or interferometric processing for depth and perspective information/visualization. Because the endoscope decreases the volume consumed by imaging optics such allows a larger fraction of the volume to be used for non-imaging tools, which allows smaller incisions in surgical and diagnostic medical applications thus produces less trauma to the patient or allows access to smaller volumes than is possible with larger instruments. The endoscope utilizes fiber optic light pipes in an outer layer for illumination, a multi-pupil imaging system in an inner annulus, and an access channel for other tools in the center. The endoscope is amenable to implementation as a flexible scope, and thus increases it's utility. Because the endoscope uses a multi-aperture pupil, it can also be utilized as an optical array, allowing stereographic and interferometric processing. 7 figs.

Sparse aperture endoscope

DOEpatents

Fitch, Joseph P.

1999-07-06

An endoscope which reduces the volume needed by the imaging part thereof, maintains resolution of a wide diameter optical system, while increasing tool access, and allows stereographic or interferometric processing for depth and perspective information/visualization. Because the endoscope decreases the volume consumed by imaging optics such allows a larger fraction of the volume to be used for non-imaging tools, which allows smaller incisions in surgical and diagnostic medical applications thus produces less trauma to the patient or allows access to smaller volumes than is possible with larger instruments. The endoscope utilizes fiber optic light pipes in an outer layer for illumination, a multi-pupil imaging system in an inner annulus, and an access channel for other tools in the center. The endoscope is amenable to implementation as a flexible scope, and thus increases the utility thereof. Because the endoscope uses a multi-aperture pupil, it can also be utilized as an optical array, allowing stereographic and interferometric processing.

Manipulating biological agents and cells in micro-scale volumes for applications in medicine

PubMed Central

Tasoglu, Savas; Gurkan, Umut Atakan; Wang, ShuQi

2013-01-01

Recent technological advances provide new tools to manipulate cells and biological agents in micro/nano-liter volumes. With precise control over small volumes, the cell microenvironment and other biological agents can be bioengineered; interactions between cells and external stimuli can be monitored; and the fundamental mechanisms such as cancer metastasis and stem cell differentiation can be elucidated. Technological advances based on the principles of electrical, magnetic, chemical, optical, acoustic, and mechanical forces lead to novel applications in point-of-care diagnostics, regenerative medicine, in vitro drug testing, cryopreservation, and cell isolation/purification. In this review, we first focus on the underlying mechanisms of emerging examples for cell manipulation in small volumes targeting applications such as tissue engineering. Then, we illustrate how these mechanisms impact the aforementioned biomedical applications, discuss the associated challenges, and provide perspectives for further development. PMID:23575660

Postcolonial Perspectives on Global Citizenship Education. Routledge Research in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Oliveira Andreotti, Vanessa, Ed.; de Souza, Lynn Mario T. M., Ed.

2011-01-01

This volume bridges the gap between contemporary theoretical debates and educational policies and practices. It applies postcolonial theory as a framework of analysis that attempts to engage with and go beyond essentialism, ethno- and euro-centrisms through a critical examination of contemporary case studies and conceptual issues. From a…

Identity, Motivation and Autonomy in Language Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lamb, Terry; Murray, Garold; Gao, Xuesong

2011-01-01

In this volume researchers from Asia, Europe, the Middle East and North and South America employ a variety of theoretical perspectives and methodological approaches in their exploration of the links between identity, motivation, and autonomy in language learning. On a conceptual level the authors explore issues related to agency, metacognition,…

SURVIAC Bulletin: AFRL Research Audit Trail Viewer (ATV). Volume 19, Issue 1, 2003

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-01-01

Trail Viewer, the analyst obtained a close up view of the detailed aircraft model using the Orbit View, enabled the SkyBox , enabled fictional ter...trails and element projections, several simulated terrain types and Skybox environments to help the user maintain perspective, file based

Special Issue Busing. NCRIEEO Newsletter, Volume 3, Number 2, May 1972.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gordon, Edmund W., Ed.

Contents of this issue of the NCRIEEO Newsletter include the following articles: (1) "Editor's commentary: background to the issue," by Edmund Gordon, which puts busing into perspective as an important educational resource--like physical facilities, instructional materials, and teachers--to be used to achieve educational and social…

The California School Psychologist, 2001.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jimerson, Shane R., Ed.; Wilson, Marilyn, Ed.

2001-01-01

This volume of the journal for the California Association of School Psychologists provides current information on a broad array of topics related to the work of school psychologists. The articles contribute important information on contemporary issues in the field, such as using a strength-based perspective when assessing students, student support…

International Perspectives on Educational Reform and Policy Implementation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carter, David S. G., Ed.; O'Neill, Marnie H., Ed.

This book focuses on educational change processes in the context of larger scale educational reform. The first of 2 volumes, the book contains 11 chapters that examine the historical, social, and economic forces at work in the formulation and implementation of educational policy. The chapters present different cross-cultural experiences of…

Understanding School System Administration: Studies of the Contemporary Chief Education Officer. Educational Policy Perspective Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leithwood, Kenneth, Ed.; Musella, Donald, Ed.

This volume presents several distinctive but related empirical studies and opinion pieces about chief education officers (CEOs). The collection begins with (1) "Introduction: A Framework for Understanding School System Administration" (Kenneth Leithwood and Donald Musella). Section A, "Chief Education Officers' Practices and…

Revisiting Code-Switching Practice in TESOL: A Critical Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Hao; Mansouri, Behzad

2017-01-01

In academic circles, the "English Only" view and "Balanced view" have established their grounds after volumes of work on the topic of code-switching in TESOL. With recent development in Critical Applied Linguistics, poststructural theory, postmodern theory, and the emergence of multilingualism, scholars have begun to view ELT…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 44, No. 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2017-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Student Leadership and Engagement and includes: (1) Project Based Learning for Student Success--Teaching Across Content Areas for…

A HIGH VOLUME APPARATUS FOR THE CONDENSATIONAL GROWTH OF ULTRAFINE PARTICLES FOR INHALATION TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES. (R825270)

EPA Science Inventory

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Concl...

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 37, No. 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2010-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Parent and Community Engagement and includes: (1) Principles of Family Leadership in Education--Putting Principles into Action…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 44, No. 5

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2017-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Family Leadership in Education and includes (1) IDRA Education CAFE--A Structure for Families Transforming Schools in their…

Formal Operations from a Twenty-First Century Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kuhn, Deanna

2008-01-01

The author reflects on Piaget's 1972 article, "Intellectual evolution from adolescence to adulthood," addressed to questions regarding what he alleged to be the final, most advanced level of cognition in his developmental stage theory--formal operations, as described in his 1958 volume coauthored with Inhelder, "The growth of logical thinking from…

Elementary Science Teacher Education: International Perspectives on Contemporary Issues and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Appleton, Ken, Ed.

2006-01-01

Reflecting recent policy and standards initiatives, emerging research agendas, and key innovations, this volume provides a contemporary overview of important developments and issues that have that have in recent years shaped elementary science education pre-service courses and professional development, and practices that are shaping future…

Multicultural Prism: Voices from the Field. [Volume 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, J. Q., Ed.; Welsch, Janice R., Ed.

This book weaves together original essays with several that have been published earlier to address establishing the context for multicultural education, implementing multicultural perspectives in the classroom, and assessing the impact of multicultural education. The book also presents two annotated bibliographies. Following a foreword by J. Q.…

Enhancing Aircraft Survivability - A Vulnerability Perspective. Volume I

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-10-21

37 Mr. Kevin R. Crosthwaite Director, Survivability/Vulnerability Information Analysis Center (SURVIAC) Wright-Patterson AFB...340 W"E "W*TE "-y N... T SUE,--* WAER FIGURE 4. WIDE CABIN BODY RESULTS/SAVE SYSTEM/MODERATE WIND 302 12-9 210 .............. tos -to. " 0 3253 GPM -00

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 37, No. 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2010-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Teaching Quality and includes: (1) Ensuring Teaching Quality in a Civil Rights Context (Bradley Scott); (2) An Unspoken Culture…

Adolescence and Poverty: Challenge for the 1990s.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edelman, Peter B., Ed.; Ladner, Joyce, Ed.

The current situation for poor adolescents in the United States is reviewed in this collection of essays, and some strategies and insights for policymakers are presented. The essays of this volume cover the basic interactions of adolescence and poverty from theoretical and anecdotal perspectives. Critical issues of education and employment are…

The Changing World of School Administration. NCPEA, 2002.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perreault, George, Ed.; Lunenburg, Fred C., Ed.

The 26 essays in the volume compose the 10th annual yearbook of the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration. The essays examine the pressing issues facing educational leaders from a variety of philosophical perspectives. The essays are as follows: "President's Message: Professors and Practitioners: Building Bridges…

Parent-Child Play: Descriptions and Implications.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MacDonald, Kevin, Ed.

This volume provides the latest research and theory in the area of children's play with their parents. It includes discussions of the basic processes involved in parent-child play, parent-child play in atypical populations of children, and parent-child play from a cross-cultural perspective. Fifteen chapters follow the introduction, "Parents and…

Review Article: Facing Two Ways? Reflections on Recent Research on Religious Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooling, Trevor

2014-01-01

In this article, author Trevor Cooling presents a review of three books that disseminate recent research on religious schools. The first, "Leadership and Religious Schools: International Perspectives and Challenges," edited by Michael T. Buchanan, is an edited volume of essays about leadership in religious schools. Editor Michael…

Feminist Science Education. Athene Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barton, Angela Calabrese

This volume presents a case for science education from a feminist perspective. Feminist science teaching is concerned with questions that emerge from the intersections of the pedagogical, the disciplinary, and the personal with the political, social, and historical dimensions of each of these. It is also concerned with how knowledge of the ways in…

Ninth DOD/NASA/FAA Conference on Fibrous Composites in Structural Design, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Soderquist, Joseph R. (Compiler); Neri, Lawrence M. (Compiler); Bohon, Herman L. (Compiler)

1992-01-01

This publication contains the proceedings of the Ninth DOD/NASA/FAA conference on Fibrous Composites in structural Design. Presentations were made in the following areas of composite structural design: perspectives in composites; design methodology; design applications; design criteria; supporting technology; damage tolerance; and manufacturing.

Naval War College Review. Volume 61, Number 1, Winter 2008

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

available at www.rsis.edu.sg/publications/Perspective/ RSIS0182007.pdf. 4. See Catherine Zara Raymond, “The Malacca Straits and the Threat of Maritime...Security in the Asia-Pacific, ed. Joshua Ho and Catherine Zara Raymond (Singapore: World Scientific, 2005), p. 263. 39. Arthur Stein, “Coordination and

Naval War College Review. Volume 61, Number 1, Winter 2008

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

publications/Perspective/ RSIS0182007.pdf. 4. See Catherine Zara Raymond, “The Malacca Straits and the Threat of Maritime Terror- ism,” Power and...Joshua Ho and Catherine Zara Raymond (Singapore: World Scientific, 2005), p. 263. 39. Arthur Stein, “Coordination and Collabora- tion: Regimes in an

Bullying Behavior: Current Issues, Research, and Interventions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Geffner, Robert A., Ed.; Loring, Marti, Ed.; Young, Corinna, Ed.

Although there has been great concern about the incidence of bullying in American schools, there has only recently been research conducted in American schools on this problem. This volume considers the difficulties involved in various definitions of bullying, theoretical perspectives on bullying, current clinical research findings on the dynamics…

The Statistical Interpretation of Classical Thermodynamic Heating and Expansion Processes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cartier, Stephen F.

2011-01-01

A statistical model has been developed and applied to interpret thermodynamic processes typically presented from the macroscopic, classical perspective. Through this model, students learn and apply the concepts of statistical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and classical thermodynamics in the analysis of the (i) constant volume heating, (ii)…

THE SMALL VOLUME PARTICLE MICROSAMPLER (SVPM): A NEW APPROACH TO PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION. (R827090)

EPA Science Inventory

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Concl...

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 37, No. 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2010-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Curriculum Quality and includes: (1) Suggestions for Conducting Effective Teaching Demonstrations in Classrooms with Diverse Learners…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 43, No. 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2016-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on College Preparedness and includes: (1) Ready Texas: Gathering Stakeholder Input to Guide Research on New Texas High School Graduation…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 44, No. 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2017-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on School Integration and includes: (1) Using Socioeconomic Indicators as a Tool for School Diversity and Integration (David Hinojosa…

Immigration, Diversity, and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grigorenko, Elena L., Ed.; Takanishi, Ruby, Ed.

2012-01-01

This edited volume presents an overview of research and policy issues pertaining to children from birth to 10 who are first- and second-generation immigrants to the U.S., as well as native-born children of immigrants. The contributors offer interdisciplinary perspectives on recent developments and research findings on children of immigrants. By…

Sentence Combining: A Rhetorical Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daiker, Donald A., Ed.; And Others

The 23 original essays on sentence combining in this volume range in focus from classroom methodology and effectiveness, through theoretical issues and syntactic constructions, to current issues in the field. The essays and their authors are as follows: (1) "The Role of the Elaborated Dominant Nominal in the Measurement of Conceptual and…

Evolutionary Psychology: Controversies, Questions, Prospects, and Limitations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Confer, Jaime C.; Easton, Judith A.; Fleischman, Diana S.; Goetz, Cari D.; Lewis, David M. G.; Perilloux, Carin; Buss, David M.

2010-01-01

Evolutionary psychology has emerged over the past 15 years as a major theoretical perspective, generating an increasing volume of empirical studies and assuming a larger presence within psychological science. At the same time, it has generated critiques and remains controversial among some psychologists. Some of the controversy stems from…

Community College Humanities Review, 1995.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seabrook, John H., Ed.

1995-01-01

This annual volume of the Community College Humanities Review (CCHR) presents a wide range of articles dealing with humanities--from Lloyd Kaplan's attempts to set the record straight (by presenting a more accurate appraisal and a truer perspective of Dave Brubeck's outstanding contribution to the course of jazz) to Walter Krieglstein's…

The Library of Congress: Hydra and Dinosaur.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Molz, Kathleen R.

1978-01-01

A review of the book, "The Library of Congress in Perspective: A Volume Based on the Reports of the 1976 Librarians Task Force and Advisory Board Reports," edited by John Y. Cole and published in 1978 (Bowker, 281 pages). The review emphasizes the task force's findings and recommendations. (JPF)

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 37, No. 8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2010-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Change Strategies and includes: (1) YA! Es Tiempo--The Courage to Connect (Maria "Cuca" Robledo Montecel); (2) Making…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 35, No. 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2008-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Curriculum Quality and includes: (1) IDRA's Community of Learners Approach to Instructional Quality: Three Critical Questions that…

Distance Education and Distributed Learning. Current Perspectives on Applied Information Technologies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vrasidas, Charalambos, Ed.; Glass, Gene V., Ed.

This book describes the current state of developments in distance education and distributed learning. The volume brings together some of the leading contemporary contributors in the areas of educational technology and distance education. Topics covered include research and evaluation in distance education, online communities, faculty productivity,…

Gender and Mathematics: An International Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burton, Leone, Ed.

The proportion of women gaining qualifications within the educational systems of many countries has been increasing but the disciplines within which these qualifications are obtained, and ultimately of the career tracks to which such qualifications extend, continue to be sex-biased. This volume provides a start in the identification of biasing…

Annual Review of Sociology. Volume 6, 1980.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Inkeles, Alex, Ed.; And Others

Sixteen essays provide a perspective on the range and depth of current research in sociology. Almost all the authors are with departments of sociology in U.S. colleges and universities. The essays fall into ten broad categories: theory and methods, social processes, institutions, formal organization, political and economic sociology,…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 37, No. 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2010-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Student Engagement and includes: (1) Supporting the Dream of Going to College Through Powerful Student Engagement (Hector Bojorquez);…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 43, No. 8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2016-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Accountability and Civic Engagement and includes: (1) Will States Use ESSA [Elementary and Secondary Education Act] to Undermine…

The State of the States in Developmental Disabilities. Fifth Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Braddock, David; Hemp, Richard; Parish, Susan; Westrich, James

This volume reports on the fifth nationwide survey of trends in mental retardation (MR) and developmental disabilities (DD). It begins with four chapters summarizing trends in the nation as a whole. The first chapter is "Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives" (David Braddock). This…

Foreign Language Research in Cross-Cultural Perspective. Volume 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Bot, Kees, Ed.; And Others

Papers from a conference on empirical research on foreign language instruction in Europe and the United States include: "Foreign Language Instruction and Second Language Acquisition Research in the United States" (Charles A. Fergurson, Thom Huebner); "Empirical Foreign Language Research in Europe" (Theo van Els, Kees de Bot,…

The New Literacies: Multiple Perspectives on Research and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, Elizabeth A., Ed.

2010-01-01

With contributions from leading scholars, this compelling volume offers fresh insights into literacy teaching and learning--and the changing nature of literacy itself--in today's K-12 classrooms. The focus is on varied technologies and literacies such as social networking sites, text messaging, and online communities. Cutting-edge approaches to…

Endangered Languages: Language Loss and Community Response.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grenoble, Lenore A., Ed.; Whaley, Lindsay J., Ed.

This edited volume provides an overview of issues surrounding language loss from sociological, economic, and linguistic perspectives. Four parts cover general issues in language loss; language-community responses, including native language instruction in school, community, and home; the value of language diversity and what is lost when a language…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 44, No. 7

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2017-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Teaching Quality and includes: (1) Three Critical Areas of Professional Development for Teaching in 21st Century Classrooms (Paula…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 43, No. 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2016-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Valuing & Asset-Based Solutions and includes: (1) Ensuring Equity and Nondiscrimination in Student Discipline Policy and Practice…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 43, No. 5

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2016-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Student Voice and includes: (1) Youths in Action--Intergenerational Leadership (Aurelio M. Montemayor); (2) The Role of Conversation…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 44, No. 9

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2017-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Push Outs -- Children of Color and includes: (1) Partnerships, Not Push Outs--Collaboration is Critical to Dealing with Disparities…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 43, No. 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2016-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Language and includes: (1) Three Teaching Strategies for Scaffolding Instruction for English Learners in the Content Classroom (Paula…

Knowledge Management and Higher Education: A Critical Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Metcalfe, Amy

2006-01-01

Rather than focusing on functional issues relating to implementation of knowledge management (KM) techniques, this book addresses the social aspects of KM. Using various social science perspectives, the volume provides critical analyses of KM in higher education, with an emphasis on unintended consequences and future implications. Fifteen chapters…

Childhood, Youth and Social Change: A Comparative Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chisholm, Lynne, Ed.; And Others

Written for a 1988 bilateral United Kingdom-West German conference, the chapters in this volume examine childhood and youth as socially constructed life stages within the context of contemporary social and cultural change. Following the editors' introduction are 14 papers: "What Does the Future Hold? Youth and Sociocultural Change in the…

Particle size fraction -Response: Letter to the Editors

EPA Science Inventory

To the Editors: We, the undersigned, would like to comment on the article by Cho et al. (Cho et al. 2009), which was published in the November 2009 issue (volume 11, number 11, page 1682-1689) of Environmental Health Perspectives. We read the paper with great interest as the dis...

Current Work in Linguistics. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics, Volume 6, Number 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Alexander, Ed.; Kaiser, Elsi, Ed.

This issue includes the following articles: "On Negative Alternative Questions" (Chung-hye Han); "A Categorical Syntax for Verbs of Perception" (Robin Clark, Gerhard Jager); "Defective Complements in Tree Adjoining Grammar" (Seth Kulick, Robert Frank, K. Vijayshanker); "The Convergence of Lexicalist Perspectives in Psycholinguistics and…

Black Education: A Transformative Research and Action Agenda for the New Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, Joyce E., Ed.

2005-01-01

This volume presents the findings and recommendations of the American Educational Research Association's (AERA) Commission on Research in Black Education (CORIBE) and offers new directions for research and practice. By commissioning an independent group of scholars of diverse perspectives and voices to investigate major issues hindering the…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 35, No. 7

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2008-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Teaching Quality and includes: (1) The "Fourth-Grade Slump" and Math Achievement: Addressing the Challenge with Student Engagement…

New Models for Re-forming Special Education. DISES Volume 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, David, Ed.; Kugelmass, Judy, Ed.

1997-01-01

The seven articles in this monograph explore the relationship between legislation and policies/regulations directed at the education of students with special educational needs, and actual practices in schools and classrooms. The first article, "The Impact of Special Education Legislation on Schooling: A United States Perspective" (Mary Lynn…

The stability of the international oil trade network from short-term and long-term perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Qingru; Gao, Xiangyun; Zhong, Weiqiong; Liu, Nairong

2017-09-01

To examine the stability of the international oil trade network and explore the influence of countries and trade relationships on the trade stability, we construct weighted and unweighted international oil trade networks based on complex network theory using oil trading data between countries from 1996 to 2014. We analyze the stability of international oil trade network (IOTN) from short-term and long-term aspects. From the short-term perspective, we find that the trade volumes play an important role on the stability. Moreover, the weighted IOTN is stable; however, the unweighted networks can better reflect the actual evolution of IOTN. From the long-term perspective, we identify trade relationships that are maintained during the whole sample period to reveal the situation of the whole international oil trade. We provide a way to quantitatively measure the stability of complex network from short-term and long-term perspectives, which can be applied to measure and analyze trade stability of other goods or services.

Dependence of the clustering properties of galaxies on stellar velocity dispersion in the Main galaxy sample of SDSS DR10

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deng, Xin-Fa; Song, Jun; Chen, Yi-Qing; Jiang, Peng; Ding, Ying-Ping

2014-08-01

Using two volume-limited Main galaxy samples of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10 (SDSS DR10), we investigate the dependence of the clustering properties of galaxies on stellar velocity dispersion by cluster analysis. It is found that in the luminous volume-limited Main galaxy sample, except at r=1.2, richer and larger systems can be more easily formed in the large stellar velocity dispersion subsample, while in the faint volume-limited Main galaxy sample, at r≥0.9, an opposite trend is observed. According to statistical analyses of the multiplicity functions, we conclude in two volume-limited Main galaxy samples: small stellar velocity dispersion galaxies preferentially form isolated galaxies, close pairs and small group, while large stellar velocity dispersion galaxies preferentially inhabit the dense groups and clusters. However, we note the difference between two volume-limited Main galaxy samples: in the faint volume-limited Main galaxy sample, at r≥0.9, the small stellar velocity dispersion subsample has a higher proportion of galaxies in superclusters ( n≥200) than the large stellar velocity dispersion subsample.

Prototypic Development and Evaluation of a Medium Format Metric Camera

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hastedt, H.; Rofallski, R.; Luhmann, T.; Rosenbauer, R.; Ochsner, D.; Rieke-Zapp, D.

2018-05-01

Engineering applications require high-precision 3D measurement techniques for object sizes that vary between small volumes (2-3 m in each direction) and large volumes (around 20 x 20 x 1-10 m). The requested precision in object space (1σ RMS) is defined to be within 0.1-0.2 mm for large volumes and less than 0.01 mm for small volumes. In particular, focussing large volume applications the availability of a metric camera would have different advantages for several reasons: 1) high-quality optical components and stabilisations allow for a stable interior geometry of the camera itself, 2) a stable geometry leads to a stable interior orientation that enables for an a priori camera calibration, 3) a higher resulting precision can be expected. With this article the development and accuracy evaluation of a new metric camera, the ALPA 12 FPS add|metric will be presented. Its general accuracy potential is tested against calibrated lengths in a small volume test environment based on the German Guideline VDI/VDE 2634.1 (2002). Maximum length measurement errors of less than 0.025 mm are achieved with different scenarios having been tested. The accuracy potential for large volumes is estimated within a feasibility study on the application of photogrammetric measurements for the deformation estimation on a large wooden shipwreck in the German Maritime Museum. An accuracy of 0.2 mm-0.4 mm is reached for a length of 28 m (given by a distance from a lasertracker network measurement). All analyses have proven high stabilities of the interior orientation of the camera and indicate the applicability for a priori camera calibration for subsequent 3D measurements.

Reuse of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operating Wastewater on Agricultural Lands

EPA Science Inventory

Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) generate large volumes of manure and manure-contaminated wash and runoff water. Transportation, storage, and treatment of manure and manure-contaminated water are costly. The large volume of waste generated, and the lack of disposal ...

Perspectives of intellectual processing of large volumes of astronomical data using neural networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gorbunov, A. A.; Isaev, E. A.; Samodurov, V. A.

2018-01-01

In the process of astronomical observations vast amounts of data are collected. BSA (Big Scanning Antenna) LPI used in the study of impulse phenomena, daily logs 87.5 GB of data (32 TB per year). This data has important implications for both short-and long-term monitoring of various classes of radio sources (including radio transients of different nature), monitoring the Earth’s ionosphere, the interplanetary and the interstellar plasma, the search and monitoring of different classes of radio sources. In the framework of the studies discovered 83096 individual pulse events (in the interval of the study highlighted July 2012 - October 2013), which may correspond to pulsars, twinkling springs, and a rapid radio transients. Detected impulse events are supposed to be used to filter subsequent observations. The study suggests approach, using the creation of the multilayered artificial neural network, which processes the input raw data and after processing, by the hidden layer, the output layer produces a class of impulsive phenomena.

[Hippocampus, brainstem and brain dose-volume constraints for fractionated 3-D radiotherapy and for stereotactic radiation therapy: Limits and perspectives].

PubMed

Gérard, M; Jumeau, R; Pichon, B; Biau, J; Blais, E; Horion, J; Noël, G

2017-10-01

Cerebral radiation-induced toxicities after radiotherapy (RT) of brain tumors are frequent. The protection of organs at risk (OAR) is crucial, especially for brain tumors, to preserve cognition in cancer survivors. Dose constraints of cerebral OAR used in conventional RT, radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) are debated. In fact, they are based on historical cohorts or calculated with old mathematical models. Values of α/β ratio of cerebral OAR are also controversial leading to misestimate the equivalent dose in 2Gy fractions or the biological equivalent dose, especially during hypofractionated RT. Although recent progresses in medical imaging, the diagnosis of radionecrosis remains difficult. In this article, we propose a large review of dose constraints used for three major cerebral OAR: the brain stem, the hippocampus and the brain. Copyright © 2017 Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO). Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

Ultrasonic image analysis and image-guided interventions.

PubMed

Noble, J Alison; Navab, Nassir; Becher, H

2011-08-06

The fields of medical image analysis and computer-aided interventions deal with reducing the large volume of digital images (X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography and ultrasound (US)) to more meaningful clinical information using software algorithms. US is a core imaging modality employed in these areas, both in its own right and used in conjunction with the other imaging modalities. It is receiving increased interest owing to the recent introduction of three-dimensional US, significant improvements in US image quality, and better understanding of how to design algorithms which exploit the unique strengths and properties of this real-time imaging modality. This article reviews the current state of art in US image analysis and its application in image-guided interventions. The article concludes by giving a perspective from clinical cardiology which is one of the most advanced areas of clinical application of US image analysis and describing some probable future trends in this important area of ultrasonic imaging research.

Clinical diabetes research using data mining: a Canadian perspective.

PubMed

Shah, Baiju R; Lipscombe, Lorraine L

2015-06-01

With the advent of the digitization of large amounts of information and the computer power capable of analyzing this volume of information, data mining is increasingly being applied to medical research. Datasets created for administration of the healthcare system provide a wealth of information from different healthcare sectors, and Canadian provinces' single-payer universal healthcare systems mean that data are more comprehensive and complete in this country than in many other jurisdictions. The increasing ability to also link clinical information, such as electronic medical records, laboratory test results and disease registries, has broadened the types of data available for analysis. Data-mining methods have been used in many different areas of diabetes clinical research, including classic epidemiology, effectiveness research, population health and health services research. Although methodologic challenges and privacy concerns remain important barriers to using these techniques, data mining remains a powerful tool for clinical research. Copyright © 2015 Canadian Diabetes Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Key technologies for manufacturing and processing sheet materials: A global perspective

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Demeri, Mahmoud Y.

2001-02-01

Modern industrial technologies continue to seek new materials and processes to produce products that meet design and functional requirements. Sheet materials made from ferrous and non-ferrous metals, laminates, composites, and reinforced plastics constitute a large percentage of today’s products, components, and systems. Major manufacturers of sheet products include automotive, aerospace, appliance, and food-packaging industries. The Second Global Symposium on Innovations in Materials Processing & Manufacturing: Sheet Materials is organized to provide a forum for presenting advances in sheet processing and manufacturing by worldwide researchers and engineers from industrial, research, and academic centers. The symposium, sponsored by the TMS Materials Processing & Manufacturing Division (MPMD), was planned for the 2001 TMS Annual Meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana, February 11 15, 2001. This article is a review of key papers submitted for publication in the concurrent volume. The selected papers present significant developments in the rapidly expanding areas of advanced sheet materials, innovative forming methods, industrial applications, primary and secondary processing, composite processing, and numerical modeling of manufacturing processes.

Tin-based anode materials with well-designed architectures for next-generation lithium-ion batteries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Lehao; Xie, Fan; Lyu, Jing; Zhao, Tingkai; Li, Tiehu; Choi, Bong Gill

2016-07-01

Tin (Sn) has long been considered to be a promising replacement anode material for graphite in next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), because of its attractive comprehensive advantages of high gravimetric/volumetric capacities, environmental benignity, low cost, high safety, etc. However, Sn-based anodes suffer from severe capacity fading resulting mainly from their large volume expansions/contractions during lithiation/delithiation and subsequent pulverization, coalescence, delamination from current collectors, and poor Li+/electron transport. To circumvent these issues, a number of extraordinary architectures from nanostructures to anchored, layered/sandwich, core-shell, porous and even integrated structures have been exquisitely constructed to enhance the cycling performance. To cater for the rapid development of Sn-based anodes, we summarize the advances made in structural design principles, fabrication methods, morphological features and battery performance with focus on material structures. In addition, we identify the associated challenges and problems presented by recently-developed anodes and offer suggestions and perspectives for facilitating their practical implementations in next-generation LIBs.

Advances and Challenges in Metal Sulfides/Selenides for Next-Generation Rechargeable Sodium-Ion Batteries.

PubMed

Hu, Zhe; Liu, Qiannan; Chou, Shu-Lei; Dou, Shi-Xue

2017-12-01

Rechargeable sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), as the most promising alternative to commercial lithium-ion batteries, have received tremendous attention during the last decade. Among all the anode materials for SIBs, metal sulfides/selenides (MXs) have shown inspiring results because of their versatile material species and high theoretical capacity. They suffer from large volume expansion, however, which leads to bad cycling performance. Thus, methods such as carbon modification, nanosize design, electrolyte optimization, and cut-off voltage control are used to obtain enhanced performance. Here, recent progress on MXs is summarized in terms of arranging the crystal structure, synthesis methods, electrochemical performance, mechanisms, and kinetics. Challenges are presented and effective ways to solve the problems are proposed, and a perspective for future material design is also given. It is hoped that light is shed on the development of MXs to help finally find applications for next-generation rechargeable batteries. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Martial recycling from renewable landfill and associated risks: A review.

PubMed

Ziyang, Lou; Luochun, Wang; Nanwen, Zhu; Youcai, Zhao

2015-07-01

Landfill is the dominant disposal choice for the non-classified waste, which results in the stockpile of materials after a long term stabilization process. A novel landfill, namely renewable landfill (RL), is developed and applied as a strategy to recycle the residual materials and reuse the land occupation, aim to reduce the inherent problems of large land occupied, materials wasted and long-term pollutants released in the conventional landfill. The principle means of RL is to accelerate the waste biodegradation process in the initial period, recover the various material resources disposal and extend the landfill volume for waste re-landfilling after waste stabilized. The residual material available and risk assessment, the methodology of landfill excavation, the potential utilization routes for different materials, and the reclamation options for the unsanitary landfill are proposed, and the integrated beneficial impacts are identified finally from the economic, social and environmental perspectives. RL could be draw as the future reservoirs for resource extraction. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Integrating across scales: Effectively applying science for the successful conservation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Mather, M. E.; Parrish, D.L.; Folt, C.L.; DeGraaf, R.M.

1998-01-01

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an excellent species on which to focus synthetic, integrative investigations because it is an economically important species that captures the public imagination, is heavily impacted by humans, uses several ecosystems over its life, and is the subject of a large body of extant literature. The following 24 papers were solicited to provide the biological basis for effective and innovative approaches that biologists, managers, and social scientists can use to develop policies that sustain Atlantic salmon and related species. Together these papers highlight the need for and benefits of (a) synthesizing within populations, (b) choosing the appropriate scale, (c) comparing across populations using rigorous, focused, question-oriented methods, (d) integrating across disciplines, (e) incorporating the human perspective, (f) linking multiple ecosystems, and (g) applied problem solving. To show how Atlantic salmon can guide research and conservation efforts for other species in other systems, we review the justification for the supplement and summarize the defining concepts that emerge from the volume.

Perspectives on Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin Analogs in Medicinal Chemistry

PubMed Central

Padhye, S.; Chavan, D.; Pandey, S.; Deshpande, J.; Swamy, K.V.; Sarkar, F.H.

2011-01-01

Curcumin is a natural polyphenol derived from the plant Curcuma longa, commonly called turmeric. Extensive research over past 50 years has indicated that this polyphenol is highly pleiotropic molecule capable of preventing and treating various cancers. The anticancer potential of Curcumin is severely affected by its limited systemic and target tissue bioavailability and rapid metabolism. In the present review article, we provide a summarized account of different drug delivery systems employed for tackling the problem of curcumin's bioavailability such as liposomes, phospholipid complexes and nanoparticles. Concomitantly we have reviewed the large volume of literature reports describing structural modifications of Curcumin and the anticancer potential of its analogs. Some of the difluorocurcumin analogs allowing longer circulation times and preferential accumulation in the pancreas seem to offer promising leads for conducting first in-depth animal studies and subsequently clinical trials for the use of these analogs for prevention of tumor progression and/or treatments of human malignancies. PMID:20370702

Geophysics Under Pressure: Large-Volume Presses Versus the Diamond-Anvil Cell

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hazen, R. M.

2002-05-01

Prior to 1970, the legacy of Harvard physicist Percy Bridgman dominated high-pressure geophysics. Massive presses with large-volume devices, including piston-cylinder, opposed-anvil, and multi-anvil configurations, were widely used in both science and industry to achieve a range of crustal and upper mantle temperatures and pressures. George Kennedy of UCLA was a particularly influential advocate of large-volume apparatus for geophysical research prior to his death in 1980. The high-pressure scene began to change in 1959 with the invention of the diamond-anvil cell, which was designed simultaneously and independently by John Jamieson at the University of Chicago and Alvin Van Valkenburg at the National Bureau of Standards in Washington, DC. The compact, inexpensive diamond cell achieved record static pressures and had the advantage of optical access to the high-pressure environment. Nevertheless, members of the geophysical community, who favored the substantial sample volumes, geothermally relevant temperature range, and satisfying bulk of large-volume presses, initially viewed the diamond cell with indifference or even contempt. Several factors led to a gradual shift in emphasis from large-volume presses to diamond-anvil cells in geophysical research during the 1960s and 1970s. These factors include (1) their relatively low cost at time of fiscal restraint, (2) Alvin Van Valkenburg's new position as a Program Director at the National Science Foundation in 1964 (when George Kennedy's proposal for a Nation High-Pressure Laboratory was rejected), (3) the development of lasers and micro-analytical spectroscopic techniques suitable for analyzing samples in a diamond cell, and (4) the attainment of record pressures (e.g., 100 GPa in 1975 by Mao and Bell at the Geophysical Laboratory). Today, a more balanced collaborative approach has been adopted by the geophysics and mineral physics community. Many high-pressure laboratories operate a new generation of less expensive large-volume presses side-by-side with a wide variety of diamond-anvil cells.

Standard error of estimated average timber volume per acre under point sampling when trees are measured for volume on a subsample of all points.

Treesearch

Floyd A. Johnson

1961-01-01

This report assumes a knowledge of the principles of point sampling as described by Grosenbaugh, Bell and Alexander, and others. Whenever trees are counted at every point in a sample of points (large sample) and measured for volume at a portion (small sample) of these points, the sampling design could be called ratio double sampling. If the large...

Evaluation of Bacillus oleronius as a Biological Indicator for Terminal Sterilization of Large-Volume Parenterals.

PubMed

Izumi, Masamitsu; Fujifuru, Masato; Okada, Aki; Takai, Katsuya; Takahashi, Kazuhiro; Udagawa, Takeshi; Miyake, Makoto; Naruyama, Shintaro; Tokuda, Hiroshi; Nishioka, Goro; Yoden, Hikaru; Aoki, Mitsuo

2016-01-01

In the production of large-volume parenterals in Japan, equipment and devices such as tanks, pipework, and filters used in production processes are exhaustively cleaned and sterilized, and the cleanliness of water for injection, drug materials, packaging materials, and manufacturing areas is well controlled. In this environment, the bioburden is relatively low, and less heat resistant compared with microorganisms frequently used as biological indicators such as Geobacillus stearothermophilus (ATCC 7953) and Bacillus subtilis 5230 (ATCC 35021). Consequently, the majority of large-volume parenteral solutions in Japan are manufactured under low-heat sterilization conditions of F0 <2 min, so that loss of clarity of solutions and formation of degradation products of constituents are minimized. Bacillus oleronius (ATCC 700005) is listed as a biological indicator in "Guidance on the Manufacture of Sterile Pharmaceutical Products Produced by Terminal Sterilization" (guidance in Japan, issued in 2012). In this study, we investigated whether B. oleronius is an appropriate biological indicator of the efficacy of low-heat, moist-heat sterilization of large-volume parenterals. Specifically, we investigated the spore-forming ability of this microorganism in various cultivation media and measured the D-values and z-values as parameters of heat resistance. The D-values and z-values changed depending on the constituents of large-volume parenteral products. Also, the spores from B. oleronius showed a moist-heat resistance that was similar to or greater than many of the spore-forming organisms isolated from Japanese parenteral manufacturing processes. Taken together, these results indicate that B. oleronius is suitable as a biological indicator for sterility assurance of large-volume parenteral solutions subjected to low-heat, moist-heat terminal sterilization. © PDA, Inc. 2016.

Trends in the Prevalence of Severe Obesity and Bariatric Surgery Access: A State-Level Analysis from 2011 to 2014.

PubMed

Henkel, Dana S; Mora-Pinzon, Maria; Remington, Patrick L; Jolles, Sally A; Voils, Corrine I; Gould, Jon C; Kothari, Shanu N; Funk, Luke M

2017-07-01

Understanding what proportion of the eligible population is undergoing bariatric surgery at the state level provides critical insight into characterizing bariatric surgery access. We sought to describe statewide trends in severe obesity demographics and report bariatric surgery volume in Wisconsin from 2011 to 2014. Self-reported data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used to calculate prevalence rates of severe obesity (class II and III) in Wisconsin. Bariatric surgery volume data were analyzed from the Wisconsin Hospital Association. A survey was sent to all American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery member bariatric surgeons in Wisconsin to assess perspectives on bariatric surgery access, insurance coverage, and referral processes. The prevalence of severe obesity in Wisconsin increased by 30% from 2011 to 2014 (10.4%-13.2%; P = .035); the odds of severe obesity nearly doubled for adults age 20-39 (odds ratio [OR] 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-3.0). During this time, the volume of bariatric surgery declined by 4.2%; (1432 to 1372; P < .001), whereas the rates of bariatric surgery per 1000 persons with severe obesity declined by 25.7% (3.5 to 2.6/1000). A majority (72%) of bariatric surgeon respondents felt bariatric surgery access either worsened or remained the same over the last 4 years. Severe obesity increased significantly in Wisconsin over a 4-year period, whereas bariatric surgery rates among severely obese persons have remained largely unchanged and are substantially below the national average. Combining the state-level obesity survey data and bariatric surgery administrative data may be a useful approach for tracking bariatric surgery access throughout the United States.

Cyclic Explosivity in High Elevation Phreatomagmatic Eruptions at Ocean Island Volcanoes: Implications for Aquifer Pressurization and Volcano Flank Destabilization.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarff, R.; Day, S. J.; Downes, H.; Seghedi, I.

2015-12-01

Groundwater heating and pressurization of aquifers trapped between dikes in ocean island volcanoes has been proposed as a mechanism for destabilizing and triggering large-volume flank collapses. Previous modelling has indicated that heat transfer from sustained magma flow through dikes during eruption has the potential to produce destabilizing levels of pressure on time scales of 4 to 400 days, if the aquifers remain confined. Here we revisit this proposal from a different perspective. We examine evidence for pressure variations in dike-confined aquifers during eruptions at high elevation vents on ocean island volcanoes. Initially magmatic, these eruptions change to mostly small-volume explosive phreatomagmatic activity. A recent example is the 1949 eruption on La Palma, Canary Islands. Some such eruptions involve sequences of larger-volume explosive phases or cycles, including production of voluminous low-temperature, pyroclastic density currents (PDC). Here we present and interpret data from the Cova de Paul crater eruption (Santo Antao, Cape Verde Islands). The phreatomagmatic part of this eruption formed two cycles, each culminating with eruption of PDCs. Compositional and textural variations in the products of both cycles indicate that the diatreme fill began as coarse-grained and permeable which allowed gas to escape. During the eruption, the fill evolved to a finer grained, poorly sorted, less permeable material, in which pore fluid pressures built up to produce violent explosive phases. This implies that aquifers adjacent to the feeder intrusion were not simply depressurized at the onset of phreatomagmatic explosivity but experienced fluctuations in pressure throughout the eruption as the vent repeatedly choked and emptied. In combination with fluctuations in magma supply rate, driving of aquifer pressurization by cyclical vent choking will further complicate the prediction of flank destabilization during comparable eruptions on ocean island volcanoes.

Antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tournadre, J.; Bouhier, N.; Girard-Ardhuin, F.; Rémy, F.

2016-01-01

Basal melting of floating ice shelves and iceberg calving constitute the two almost equal paths of freshwater flux between the Antarctic ice cap and the Southern Ocean. The largest icebergs (>100 km2) transport most of the ice volume but their basal melting is small compared to their breaking into smaller icebergs that constitute thus the major vector of freshwater. The archives of nine altimeters have been processed to create a database of small icebergs (<8 km2) within open water containing the positions, sizes, and volumes spanning the 1992-2014 period. The intercalibrated monthly ice volumes from the different altimeters have been merged in a homogeneous 23 year climatology. The iceberg size distribution, covering the 0.1-10,000 km2 range, estimated by combining small and large icebergs size measurements follows well a power law of slope -1.52 ± 0.32 close to the -3/2 laws observed and modeled for brittle fragmentation. The global volume of ice and its distribution between the ocean basins present a very strong interannual variability only partially explained by the number of large icebergs. Indeed, vast zones of the Southern Ocean free of large icebergs are largely populated by small iceberg drifting over thousands of kilometers. The correlation between the global small and large icebergs volumes shows that small icebergs are mainly generated by large ones breaking. Drifting and trapping by sea ice can transport small icebergs for long period and distances. Small icebergs act as an ice diffuse process along large icebergs trajectories while sea ice trapping acts as a buffer delaying melting.

Long-term (17 Ma) turbidite record of the timing and frequency of large flank collapses of the Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hunt, J. E.; Talling, P. J.; Clare, M. A.; Jarvis, I.; Wynn, R. B.

2014-08-01

Volcaniclastic turbidites on the Madeira Abyssal Plain provide a record of large-volume volcanic island flank collapses from the Canary Islands. This long-term record spans 17 Ma, and comprises 125 volcaniclastic beds. Determining the timing, provenance and volumes of these turbidites provides key information about the occurrence of mass wasting from the Canary Islands, especially the western islands of Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro. These turbidite records demonstrate that landslides often coincide with protracted periods of volcanic edifice growth, suggesting that loading of the volcanic edifices may be a key preconditioning factor for landslide triggers. Furthermore, the last large-volume failures from Tenerife coincide with explosive volcanism at the end of eruptive cycles. Many large-volume Canary Island landslides also occurred during periods of warmer and wetter climates associated with sea-level rise and subsequent highstand. However, these turbidites are not serially dependent and any association with climate or sea level change is not statistically significant.

System for creating on site, remote from a sterile environment, parenteral solutions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Finley, Mike (Inventor); Scharf, Mike (Inventor); Packard, Jeff (Inventor); Kipp, Jim (Inventor); Dudar, Tom (Inventor); Owens, Jim (Inventor); Bindokas, Al (Inventor)

1996-01-01

The present invention provides a system and method for creating on site, remote from a sterile environment, parenteral solutions in large volume parenteral containers for intravenous administration to a patient. In an embodiment, this system comprises an empty large volume container including at least one port for accessing an interior of the container. The port includes a sterilizing filter for sterilizing a fluid fed through the port into the container. A second container is provided including a solute and having means for coupling the second container to the large volume container and thereby providing fluid communication therebetween allowing the solute to be received within the interior of the container. A sterile water source is also provided including means for placing the sterile water source in fluid communication with the port and allowing water to flow from the sterile water source into the interior of the container. This allows the solute, and sterile water that has been fed through the filter, to create a parenteral solution in the large volume parenteral container.

Volume server: A scalable high speed and high capacity magnetic tape archive architecture with concurrent multi-host access

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rybczynski, Fred

1993-01-01

A major challenge facing data processing centers today is data management. This includes the storage of large volumes of data and access to it. Current media storage for large data volumes is typically off line and frequently off site in warehouses. Access to data archived in this fashion can be subject to long delays, errors in media selection and retrieval, and even loss of data through misplacement or damage to the media. Similarly, designers responsible for architecting systems capable of continuous high-speed recording of large volumes of digital data are faced with the challenge of identifying technologies and configurations that meet their requirements. Past approaches have tended to evaluate the combination of the fastest tape recorders with the highest capacity tape media and then to compromise technology selection as a consequence of cost. This paper discusses an architecture that addresses both of these challenges and proposes a cost effective solution based on robots, high speed helical scan tape drives, and large-capacity media.

Numerical analysis of wavefront measurement characteristics by using plenoptic camera

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lv, Yang; Ma, Haotong; Zhang, Xuanzhe; Ning, Yu; Xu, Xiaojun

2016-01-01

To take advantage of the large-diameter telescope for high-resolution imaging of extended targets, it is necessary to detect and compensate the wave-front aberrations induced by atmospheric turbulence. Data recorded by Plenoptic cameras can be used to extract the wave-front phases associated to the atmospheric turbulence in an astronomical observation. In order to recover the wave-front phase tomographically, a method of completing the large Field Of View (FOV), multi-perspective wave-front detection simultaneously is urgently demanded, and it is plenoptic camera that possesses this unique advantage. Our paper focuses more on the capability of plenoptic camera to extract the wave-front from different perspectives simultaneously. In this paper, we built up the corresponding theoretical model and simulation system to discuss wave-front measurement characteristics utilizing plenoptic camera as wave-front sensor. And we evaluated the performance of plenoptic camera with different types of wave-front aberration corresponding to the occasions of applications. In the last, we performed the multi-perspective wave-front sensing employing plenoptic camera as wave-front sensor in the simulation. Our research of wave-front measurement characteristics employing plenoptic camera is helpful to select and design the parameters of a plenoptic camera, when utilizing which as multi-perspective and large FOV wave-front sensor, which is expected to solve the problem of large FOV wave-front detection, and can be used for AO in giant telescopes.

Large woody debris in a second-growth central Appalachian hardwood stand: volume, composition, and dynamics

Treesearch

M. B. Adams; T. M. Schuler; W. M. Ford; J. N. Kochenderfer

2003-01-01

We estimated the volume of large woody debris in a second-growth stand and evaluated the importance of periodic windstorms as disturbances in creating large woody debris. This research was conducted on a reference watershed (Watershed 4) on the Fernow Experimental Forest in West Virginia. The 38-ha stand on Watershed 4 was clearcut around 1911 and has been undisturbed...

Achieving Equity and Quality in Japanese Elementary Schools: Balancing the Roles of State, Teachers, and Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parmenter, Lynne

2016-01-01

The aim of this paper is to explore perspectives on equity, quality, motivation, and resilience by focusing in depth on the perspectives of educators in one small, semi-rural school in Japan. The paper is intended to provide rich, in-depth data and discussion as a way of providing insights from different perspectives into findings from large-scale…

Large-Scale Operations Management Test of Use of the White Amur for Control of Problem Aquatic Plants. Report 2. First Year Poststocking Results. Volume III. The Plankton and Benthos of Lake Conway, Florida,

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-11-01

AD-AI09 516 FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGIN--ETC F/G 6/6 LARGE-SCALE OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT TEST OF USE OF THE,WHITE AMUR--ETC(U... OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT TEST OF USE OF THE WHITE AMUR FOR CONTROL OF PROBLEM AQUATIC PLANTS Report I: Baseline Studies Volume I: The Aquatic Macropyes of...COVERED LARGE-SCALE OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT TEST OF USE OF Report 2 of a series THE WHITE AMUR FOR CONTROL OF PROBLEM AQUATIC (In 7 volumes) PLANTS

Low energy prompt gamma-ray tests of a large volume BGO detector.

PubMed

Naqvi, A A; Kalakada, Zameer; Al-Anezi, M S; Raashid, M; Khateeb-ur-Rehman; Maslehuddin, M; Garwan, M A

2012-01-01

Tests of a large volume Bismuth Germinate (BGO) detector were carried out to detect low energy prompt gamma-rays from boron and cadmium-contaminated water samples using a portable neutron generator-based Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis (PGNAA) setup. Inspite of strong interference between the sample- and the detector-associated prompt gamma-rays, an excellent agreement has been observed between the experimental and calculated yields of the prompt gamma-rays, indicating successful application of the large volume BGO detector in the PGNAA analysis of bulk samples using low energy prompt gamma-rays. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Production of large resonant plasma volumes in microwave electron cyclotron resonance ion sources

DOEpatents

Alton, Gerald D.

1998-01-01

Microwave injection methods for enhancing the performance of existing electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources. The methods are based on the use of high-power diverse frequency microwaves, including variable-frequency, multiple-discrete-frequency, and broadband microwaves. The methods effect large resonant "volume" ECR regions in the ion sources. The creation of these large ECR plasma volumes permits coupling of more microwave power into the plasma, resulting in the heating of a much larger electron population to higher energies, the effect of which is to produce higher charge state distributions and much higher intensities within a particular charge state than possible in present ECR ion sources.

A multiresolution approach to iterative reconstruction algorithms in X-ray computed tomography.

PubMed

De Witte, Yoni; Vlassenbroeck, Jelle; Van Hoorebeke, Luc

2010-09-01

In computed tomography, the application of iterative reconstruction methods in practical situations is impeded by their high computational demands. Especially in high resolution X-ray computed tomography, where reconstruction volumes contain a high number of volume elements (several giga voxels), this computational burden prevents their actual breakthrough. Besides the large amount of calculations, iterative algorithms require the entire volume to be kept in memory during reconstruction, which quickly becomes cumbersome for large data sets. To overcome this obstacle, we present a novel multiresolution reconstruction, which greatly reduces the required amount of memory without significantly affecting the reconstructed image quality. It is shown that, combined with an efficient implementation on a graphical processing unit, the multiresolution approach enables the application of iterative algorithms in the reconstruction of large volumes at an acceptable speed using only limited resources.

Forced transport of thermal energy in magmatic and phreatomagmatic large volume ignimbrites: Paleomagnetic evidence from the Colli Albani volcano, Italy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trolese, Matteo; Giordano, Guido; Cifelli, Francesca; Winkler, Aldo; Mattei, Massimo

2017-11-01

Few studies have detailed the thermal architecture of large-volume pyroclastic density current deposits, although such work has a clear importance for understanding the dynamics of eruptions of this magnitude. Here we examine the temperature of emplacement of large-volume caldera-forming ignimbrites related to magmatic and phreatomagmatic eruptions at the Colli Albani volcano, Italy, by using thermal remanent magnetization analysis on both lithic and juvenile clasts. Results show that all the magmatic ignimbrites were deposited at high temperature, between the maximum blocking temperature of the magnetic carrier (600-630 °C) and the glass transition temperature (about 710 °C). Temperature estimations for the phreatomagmatic ignimbrite range between 200 and 400 °C, with most of the clasts emplaced between 200 and 320 °C. Because all the investigated ignimbrites, magmatic and phreatomagmatic, share similar magma composition, volume and mobility, we attribute the temperature difference to magma-water interaction, highlighting its pronounced impact on thermal dissipation, even in large-volume eruptions. The homogeneity of the deposit temperature of each ignimbrite across its areal extent, which is maintained across topographic barriers, suggests that these systems are thermodynamically isolated from the external environment for several tens of kilometers. Based on these findings, we propose that these large-volume ignimbrites are dominated by the mass flux, which forces the lateral transport of mass, momentum, and thermal energy for distances up to tens of kilometers away from the vent. We conclude that spatial variation of the emplacement temperature can be used as a proxy for determining the degree of forced-convection flow.

Proceedings of the Sixth General Meeting of the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Behrend, Dirk (Editor); Baver, Karen D. (Editor)

2010-01-01

This volume is the proceedings of the sixth General Meeting of the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS), held in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, February 7-13, 2010. The contents of this volume also appear on the IVS Web site at http://ivscc.gsfc.nasa.gov/publications/gm2010. The keynote of the sixth GM was the new perspectives of the next generation VLBI system under the theme "VLBI2010: From Vision to Reality". The goal of the meeting was to provide an interesting and informative program for a wide cross-section of IVS members, including station operators, program managers, and analysts. This volume contains 88 papers. All papers were edited by the editors for usage of the English language, form, and minor content-related issues.

Large increase in nest size linked to climate change: an indicator of life history, senescence and condition.

PubMed

Møller, Anders Pape; Nielsen, Jan Tøttrup

2015-11-01

Many animals build extravagant nests that exceed the size required for successful reproduction. Large nests may signal the parenting ability of nest builders suggesting that nests may have a signaling function. In particular, many raptors build very large nests for their body size. We studied nest size in the goshawk Accipiter gentilis, which is a top predator throughout most of the Nearctic. Both males and females build nests, and males provision their females and offspring with food. Nest volume in the goshawk is almost three-fold larger than predicted from their body size. Nest size in the goshawk is highly variable and may reach more than 600 kg for a bird that weighs ca. 1 kg. While 8.5% of nests fell down, smaller nests fell down more often than large nests. There was a hump-shaped relationship between nest volume and female age, with a decline in nest volume late in life, as expected for senescence. Clutch size increased with nest volume. Nest volume increased during 1977-2014 in an accelerating fashion, linked to increasing spring temperature during April, when goshawks build and start reproduction. These findings are consistent with nest size being a reliable signal of parental ability, with large nest size signaling superior parenting ability and senescence, and also indicating climate warming.

Large-scale tissue clearing (PACT): Technical evaluation and new perspectives in immunofluorescence, histology, and ultrastructure.

PubMed

Neckel, Peter H; Mattheus, Ulrich; Hirt, Bernhard; Just, Lothar; Mack, Andreas F

2016-09-29

Novel techniques, like CLARITY and PACT, render large tissue specimens transparent and thereby suitable for microscopic analysis. We used these techniques to evaluate their potential in the intestine as an exemplary organ with a complex tissue composition. Immunohistochemistry, light sheet-, and confocal scanning-microscopy enabled us to follow complex three-dimensional structures, like nerve fibers, vessels, and epithelial barriers throughout the entire organ. Moreover, in a systematic electron microscopic study, we analyzed the morphology and preservation of tissue on ultrastructural level during the clearing process. We also connect tissue clearing with classical histology and demonstrate that cleared tissues can be stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Heidenhain's Azan stain, suggesting potential use in histopathology. These experiments showed that a neutral pH during the clearing process results in much better preservation of tissue ultrastructure and standard stainability. Volume changes of specimens were monitored and quantified during the course of the protocol. Additionally, we employed the technique to visualize the enteric nervous system and the epithelial barrier in post mortem human gut preparations. Our data show the high potential of tissue clearing throughout different tissue types supporting its usefulness in research and diagnosis, and contribute to the technical discussion of ultrastructural tissue-retention.

"The Waters of Meridiani" - Further Support for a Fluvial Interpretation of the Ridged, Layered Units

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilkinson, Justin; Kreslavsky, Misha

2009-01-01

A relatively unknown terrestrial fluvial environment, the mesoscale megafan, provides analogs for various Martian landscapes, including the etched unit (etched unit, Unite E of Arvidson et al., 2003; ridge-forming unit R of Edgett, 2005) of the Sinus Meridiani region on Mars. A global survey of Earth shows that megafans are very large partial cones of dominantly fluvial sediment with radii on the order of hundreds of km, and very low slopes. Responsible fluvial processes are sufficiently different from those of classical arid alluvial fans and deltas that it is useful to class megafans as separate features. The megafan model calls into question two commonly held ideas. 1. Earth examples prove that topographic basins per se are unnecessary for the accumulation of large sedimentary bodies. 2. River channels are by no means restricted to valleys (Meridiani sediments are termed a "valley-ed volume" of Edgett). These perspectives reveal unexpected parallels with features at Meridiani-several channel-like features that are widespread, mostly as ridges inverted by eolian erosion; channel networks covering thousands of sq km, especially on intercrater plains; and regional relationships of sediment bodies situated immediately downstream of highland masses. These all suggest that fluvial explanations are at least part of the Meridiani story.

Large-scale tissue clearing (PACT): Technical evaluation and new perspectives in immunofluorescence, histology, and ultrastructure

PubMed Central

Neckel, Peter H.; Mattheus, Ulrich; Hirt, Bernhard; Just, Lothar; Mack, Andreas F.

2016-01-01

Novel techniques, like CLARITY and PACT, render large tissue specimens transparent and thereby suitable for microscopic analysis. We used these techniques to evaluate their potential in the intestine as an exemplary organ with a complex tissue composition. Immunohistochemistry, light sheet-, and confocal scanning-microscopy enabled us to follow complex three-dimensional structures, like nerve fibers, vessels, and epithelial barriers throughout the entire organ. Moreover, in a systematic electron microscopic study, we analyzed the morphology and preservation of tissue on ultrastructural level during the clearing process. We also connect tissue clearing with classical histology and demonstrate that cleared tissues can be stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Heidenhain’s Azan stain, suggesting potential use in histopathology. These experiments showed that a neutral pH during the clearing process results in much better preservation of tissue ultrastructure and standard stainability. Volume changes of specimens were monitored and quantified during the course of the protocol. Additionally, we employed the technique to visualize the enteric nervous system and the epithelial barrier in post mortem human gut preparations. Our data show the high potential of tissue clearing throughout different tissue types supporting its usefulness in research and diagnosis, and contribute to the technical discussion of ultrastructural tissue-retention. PMID:27680942

Examining Androcentric Bias in a Scholarly Journal.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Epp, Juanita Ross; And Others

In the early 1980s, Shakeshaft and Hanson reviewed the 10 volumes of "Educational Administration Quarterly" (EAQ) that were published during the 1970s for evidence of androcentric bias. Androcentric bias is said to occur when the theory and research is informed by the male perspective. The underlying assumption is that the experience of…

25 Snapshots of a Movement: Profiles of Campuses Implementing CQI.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association for Higher Education, Washington, DC.

This volume presents descriptions of Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) as it is being applied at 25 institutions of higher education. It offers 25 different perspectives on use of the strategic framework, and provides numerous ways to think about issues confronting campuses that decide to embrace CQI. An introduction outlines CQI's beginnings…

School Choice in the Real World: Lessons from Arizona Charter Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maranto, Robert, Ed.; Milliman, Scott, Ed.; Hess, Frederick, Ed.; Gresham, April, Ed.

Arizona has nearly 25 percent of the charter schools in the nation. These Arizona schools present something new: the first system approaching comprehensive school choice in the real world. This edited volume assembles the perspectives of social scientists and education practitioners and gives the first published account of the Arizona charter…

Plantation Pedagogy: A Postcolonial and Global Perspective. Global Studies in Education. Volume 16

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bristol, Laurette S. M.

2012-01-01

"Plantation Pedagogy" originates from an Afro-Caribbean primary school teacher's experience. It provides a discourse which extends and illuminates the limitations of current neo-liberal and global rationalizations of the challenges posed to a teacher's practice. Plantation pedagogy is distinguished from critical pedagogy by its historical presence…

Reports 5. The Yugoslav Serbo-Croatian-English Contrastive Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Filipovic, Rudolf, Ed.

The fifth volume of this series contains ten articles dealing with various aspects of Serbo-Croatian-English contrastive analysis. They are: "On the Word Order of Subject and Predicate in English and Serbo-Croatian from the Point of View of Functional Sentence Perspective," by Ljiljana Bibovic; "The English Personal Pronouns and Their…

A Survey Data Quality Strategy: The Institutional Research Perspective. IR Applications, Volume 34

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liu, Qin

2012-01-01

This discussion constructs a survey data quality strategy for institutional researchers in higher education in light of total survey error theory. It starts with describing the characteristics of institutional research and identifying the gaps in literature regarding survey data quality issues in institutional research and then introduces the…

Ethnicity, Race, and Nationality in Education: A Global Perspective. The Rutgers Invitational Symposium on Education Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shimahara, N. Ken, Ed.; Holowinsky, Ivan Z., Ed.; Tomlinson-Clarke, Saundra, Ed.

This volume contains 12 papers originally presented at the 14th Rutgers Invitational Symposium on Education in 1999. The symposium explored contemporary issues of ethnic, cultural, and national identities and their influence on the social construction of identity. Papers include: (1) "Reconceptualizing Ethnicity and Educational…

Case Studies in Educational Change: An International Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carter, David S. G., Ed.; O'Neill, Marnie H., Ed.

This book is the second in a two-volume series of studies of educational change organized around three themes--systemic change, the transformation of policy into practice, and curriculum contexts. The book presents case studies from Australia, Great Britain, Israel, the United States, and New Zealand to illustrate the cross-cultural complexity of…

Developing Teachers and Teaching Practice: International Research Perspectives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sugrue, Ciaran, Ed.; Day, Christopher, Ed.

This volume presents a selection of the 200 papers given at the 1999 biennial conference of the International Study Association on Teachers and Teaching. The theme of the conference was "Teachers and Teaching: Revisioning Policy and Practice for the Twenty-First Century." The 15 papers are: (1) "Teaching in a Box: Emotional…

Psychology in the Schools in International Perspective, Vol. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Catterall, Calvin D., Ed.

The document is second in a series which examines actual and potential contributions of psychology toward solving problems of the world's schools. Written by school psychologists from 15 countries, this volume describes ways in which psychology is applied in the author's country, traces the background of school psychological services, reviews the…

National Innovation and the Academic Research Enterprise: Public Policy in Global Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dill, David D., Ed.; van Vught, Frans A., Ed.

2010-01-01

This volume analyzes the impact of public policy on the knowledge economies and higher education systems of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, including Australia, Canada, Japan, Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States, as well as the overall European Union. Given that…

Ordinary Families, Special Children: A Systems Approach to Childhood Disability. Third Edition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seligman, Milton; Darling, Rosalyn Benjamin

2007-01-01

Now in a revised and expanded third edition, this popular clinical reference and text provides a multisystems perspective on childhood disability and its effects on family life. The volume examines how child, family, ecological, and sociocultural variables intertwine to shape the ways families respond to disability, and how professionals can…

New Perspectives on Teaching and Working with Languages in the Digital Era

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pareja-Lora, Antonio, Ed.; Calle-Martínez, Cristina, Ed.; Rodríguez-Arancón, Pilar, Ed.

2016-01-01

This volume offers a comprehensive, up-to-date, empirical and methodological view over the new scenarios and environments for language teaching and learning recently emerged (e.g. blended learning, e-learning, ubiquitous learning, social learning, autonomous learning or lifelong learning), and also over some of the new approaches to language…

Rural U.S.A.: Persistence and Change.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ford, Thomas R., Ed.

In 1974 the Rural Sociological Society commissioned a survey on changes that were occuring in different segments of rural society in the United States; information from that survey is presented in the volume of readings. Using an ecological perspective as the analytic framework, the readings focus on the adaption of humans to their environment a…

Minorities and Education in Multicultural Japan: An Interactive Perspective. Asia's Transformations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tsuneyoshi, Ryoko, Ed.; Okano, Kaori H., Ed.; Boocock, Sarane, Ed.

2011-01-01

This volume examines how Japan's increasingly multicultural population has impacted on the lives of minority children and their peers at school, and how schools are responding to this trend in terms of providing minority children with opportunities and preparing them for the adult society. The contributors focus on interactions between individuals…

Single-Word Reading: Behavioral and Biological Perspectives. New Directions in Communication Disorders Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grigorenko, Elena L., Ed.; Naples, Adam J., Ed.

2007-01-01

As the first title in the new series, "New Directions in Communication Disorders Research: Integrative Approaches", this volume discusses a unique phenomenon in cognitive science, single-word reading, which is an essential element in successful reading competence. Single-word reading is an interdisciplinary area of research that incorporates…

Leadership Preparation: Engine of Transformation or Social Reproduction?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lumby, Jacky

2014-01-01

William Taylor's 1969 chapter provides a springboard to reflect on how what he termed administrator training has developed since the 1960s. Responding also to Baron's insistence in the same volume that education be viewed as political, the article adopts a critical perspective, focusing on leader preparation programmes and exploring how they…

Confidentiality and Privileged Communication. The ACA Legal Series. Volume 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arthur, Gibbs L., Jr.; Swanson, Carl D.

This monograph is designed to offer a pragmatic or applied focus to the ethical and legal dilemmas facing practitioners in the area of confidentiality and privileged communication. First a glossary of terms is presented. Next the historical perspective of confidentiality is discussed, focusing on from what the counselor's professional duty and…

An Empirical Study on the Determinants of International Student Mobility: A Global Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wei, Hao

2013-01-01

This paper, based on the data of 48 countries and regions from 1999 to 2008, studies the economic and educational determinants of how countries of different types attract international students. The study finds that: the volume of merchandise trade between countries facilitates international student mobility across borders; international students…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 44, No. 10, November-December 2017

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2017-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Principal Leadership and includes: (1) The Power of Partnerships in the Pursuit of Leadership Development to Transform Schools (Nilka…

Looking at Density From Different Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson-Chin, Linda

2004-01-01

All too often middle school students equate density with one object simply being "heavier" than another. Even if students are able to accurately calculate the density of an object, that doesn't necessarily mean that they fully understand the concept of density as the ratio of mass to volume. To help change this misconception and more fully…

The View Finder: Expanding Boundaries and Perspectives in Special Education. Volume One.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Michael, Robert J., Ed.; Juul, Kristen D., Ed.

1992-01-01

The articles included in this monograph represent a broad range of topics reflecting the current world scene with regard to the education of children with special needs. Titles and authors of the articles include: "UNESCO and Special Education" (Lena Saleh), which discusses the history, purposes, and activities of the United Nations…

Physics in Perspective Volume II, Part C, Statistical Data.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, DC. Physics Survey Committee.

Statistical data relating to the sociology and economics of the physics enterprise are presented and explained. The data are divided into three sections: manpower data, data on funding and costs, and data on the literature of physics. Each section includes numerous studies, with notes on the sources and types of data, gathering procedures, and…

Saving Children at Risk: Poverty and Disabilities. A SAGE Focus Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Travis, Ed.; Hupp, Susan C., Ed.

The contributions in this volume grew out of a conference at the University of Minnesota in the fall of 1989. They examine issues that promote a longer range perspective on preventing disabling conditions and intervening early in the lives of children with disabilities. The range of preventable disabling conditions, perinatal influences on…

Leaders in the Crucible: The Moral Voice of College Presidents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, Stephen James

The stories about college presidents in this volume are intended to support the presumption that moral leadership is a fundamental criterion and expectation of those who serve as college presidents. The chapters are: (1) "The Moral Leadership of College Presidents"; (2) "Presidential Perspectives: The Shape of Their Voice"; (3) "Architects of the…

Literacy for the New Millennium. Volume 2: Childhood Literacy. Praeger Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guzzetti, Barbara J., Ed.

2007-01-01

Living in an age of communication, literacy is an extremely integral part of our society. We are impacted by literature during our infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. "Literacy for the New Millennium" includes information from specialists in the field who discuss the influence of popular culture, media, and technology on…

Bilingual Education: Current Perspectives. Volume 3: Law.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Teitelbaum, Herbert; And Others

The Office of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the Center for Applied Linguistics cooperated in a state-of-the-art study of the field of bilingual education. State-of-the-art papers were commisioned in four general areas concerning bilingual education: social science, languages and linguistics, law, and education. Each paper formed the central…

Global Issues 89/90. Fifth Edition. Annual Editions Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jackson, Robert, Ed.

This book is one in a series designed to provide access to a wide range of selected articles from magazines, newspapers, and journals. This volume contains 55 articles by scientists, educators, researchers, and writers providing effective and useful perspectives on today's important topics in the study of global issues. Articles included in this…

Diversity Leadership in Higher Education. ASHE Higher Education Report, Volume 32, Number 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aguirre, Adalberto, Jr., Ed.; Martinez, Ruben O., Ed.

2006-01-01

This monograph examines and discusses the context for diversity leadership roles and practices in higher education by using research and theoretical and applied literatures from a variety of fields, including the social sciences, business, and higher education. Framing the discussion on leadership in this monograph is the perspective that American…

Social and Cognitive Factors in Second Language Acquisition: Selected Proceedings of the 1999 Second Language Research Forum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swierzbin, Bonnie, Ed.; Morris, Frank, Ed.; Anderson, Michael E., Ed.; Klee, Carol A., Ed.; Tarone, Elaine, Ed.

This edited volume includes the following chapters: "Three Kinds of Sociolinguistics and SLA: A Psycholinguistic Perspective" (Dennis R. Preston); "Getting Serious about Language Play: Language Play, Interlanguage Variation, and Second Language Acquisition" (Elaine Tarone); "Oppositional Talk and the Acquisition of Modality in L2 English" (Tom…

West European and East Asian Perspectives on Defense, Deterrence and Strategy. Volume 1. Main Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-16

this School -- especially in the SDP under David Owen’s leadership -- in raising the nuclear threshold in Europe by strengthening conventional...ConrolDEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CONTRACTORS US European Commnand ATTN: ECJ-3 Grumman-CTEC. Inc ATTM: ECJ-5 ATTN: S. Shrier us National Military

Big Policies and a Small World: An Analysis of Policy Problems and Solutions in Physical Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Penney, Dawn

2017-01-01

This paper uses Ball's [1998. Big policies/small world: An introduction to international perspectives in education policy. "Comparative Education," 34(2), 119-130] policy analysis and Bernstein's [1990. "The structuring of pedagogic discourse. Volume IV class, codes and control". London: Routledge; 2000, "Pedagogy,…

Mentoring Foreign Language Teaching Assistants, Lecturers, and Adjunct Faculty. Issues in Language Program Direction: A Series in Annual Volumes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rifkin, Benjamin, Ed.

This book includes the following chapters: "Historical, Theoretical, and Pragmatic Perspectives on Mentoring" (H. Jay Siskin, with Jim Davis); "New Paradigms, Old Practices: Disciplinary Tensions in TA Training" (Elizabeth Guthrie); "The Professional Development of Highly Experienced and Less Experienced Teachers: Meeting Diverse Needs" (Elizabeth…

History of Schooling: Politics and Local Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aubry, Carla, Ed.; Westberg, Johannes, Ed.

2012-01-01

The relationship between education policy and local practices is at the core of research pertaining to the history of education. In this volume, the authors examine this issue from a multitude of perspectives, presenting a broad and comprehensive picture of schooling on international, national and local levels. Three issues of great significance,…

Education and the Many Faces of the Disadvantaged: Cultural and Historical Perspectives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brickman, William W., Ed.; Lehrer, Stanley, Ed.

This book examines various types of the disadvantaged in the United States, uncovers reasons for the multifaceted problem of social deprivation, and indicates constructive ways, through education, of helping the disadvantaged. Attention is also focused on the poor and disadvantaged in foreign lands. There are ten parts to the volume: the…

Critical Issues in Electronic Media: SUNY Series in Film History and Theory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Penny, Simon, Ed.

This interdisciplinary sourcebook offers critical perspectives directly related to, or arising from, the practice of electronic media art. It sketches the changing topology of culture as it enters electronic space and specifically addresses questions of art practice in that space. The volume contains 13 papers: (1) "Suck on This, Planet of…

Geotechnical Engineering Circular No. 3: Design Guidance. Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering for Highways. Volume I - Design Principles

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-01-01

In order to obtain regional perspective on the major problems and issues to be addressed, a series of nine regional round tables were convened across the nation. One of these was held in Norfolk, VA, on June 11, 1993. The primary focus of this meetin...

Education for Human Rights. An International Perspective. Studies in Comparative Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ray, Douglas, Ed.; And Others

This book presents theoretical studies and national experiences of how education might respond to war, natural catastrophes, or disease, thereby making people more aware and successful at managing difficult situations. The volume's 15 authors, drawn from many parts of the world, deal with human rights (especially those of women, children,…

Defense AT and L. Volume 41, Number 2, March-April 2012

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

a philosophical perspective, but let’s put some “shoe leather ” on this discussion. What will it take to prepare and groom these current and future...is up to the BCA team, working in tan - dem with strategic level senior thinkers, to explore and assess BCA alternatives’ effects on other

Qatar's School Transportation System: Supporting Safety, Efficiency, and Service Quality. Monograph

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henry, Keith; Younossi, Obaid; Al-Dafa, Maryah; Culbertson, Shelly; Mattock, Michael G.; Light, Thomas; Rohr, Charlene

2012-01-01

In consideration of the many challenges associated with Qatar's continued growth and demographic changes, the government of Qatar is interested in updating its school transportation system (STS). This volume assesses the perspectives of parents and school administrators on Qatar's STS, identifies a vision and goals for the STS, reviews…

Reclaiming Our Pasts: Equality and Diversity in the Primary History Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Claire, Hilary

This book guides teachers through the British Core Units and each Extension Study category of the National Curriculum Programme of Study. The volume explores possibilities for extending children's perspectives on the past and the present to avoid exclusively Eurocentric or male-centered approaches to history and to consider how to include working…

Assessment Update: Progress, Trends, and Practices in Higher Education. Volume 26, Issue 1, January-February 2014

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Banta, Trudy W., Ed.

2014-01-01

This issue of "Assessment Update" presents the following articles: (1) Expanding Assessment Perspectives: The Importance of Student Leadership in Student Learning Outcomes Assessment (Abraham J. Lauer and Jamie R. Korin); (2) Empowering Faculty and Students with Assessment Data (Jane M. Souza); (3) Including Faculty in Accreditation…

Literacy for the New Millennium. Volume 4: Adult Literacy. Praeger Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guzzetti, Barbara J., Ed.

2007-01-01

Living in an age of communication, literacy is an extremely integral part of our society. We are impacted by literature during our infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. "Literacy for the New Millennium" includes information from specialists in the field who discuss the influence of popular culture, media, and technology on…

The Polish School System. Some Social and Historical Aspects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holmberg, Carl, Ed.; Wojtowicz, Wit J., Ed.

A description of the Polish school-system and current educational research at the University of Gdansk (Poland) are included in this document. Articles included focus on two perspectives: (1) the social context in which schooling takes place; and (2) a historical outlook of the Polish system of education. Articles in this volume include:…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 44, No. 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2017-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on college bound students and includes: (1) Since When are Good Grades and Diversity a Bad Thing? Recommendations and the Texas Top Ten…

Current Perspectives in Hyperbaric Physiology, Ultrasonic Doppler Bubble Detection, and Mass Spectrometry,

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-12-28

Doppler sound made by a bubble passing through the inson- ified volume blood vessel resembles a very sharp truncated whistle , chirp or click depending...the Doppler ultrasound , suffered the "slings and arrows of outrageous criticism" to borrow and beat a phrase. It is not appropriate to go into this

Education Relative a l'Environnement: Regards, Recherches, Reflexions. Volume 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

2003

This document takes a critical look at the relationship between environment, culture, and development from the perspective of education relative to the environment. Papers include: (1) "Education a l'environnement ou acculturation?" (Jean-Etienne Bidou); (2) "Environnement et developpement: La culture de la filiere ONU" (Lucie Sauve, Tom Berryman,…

The Educational Forum: A Journal of Teaching, Learning & Professional Development. Volume One, Fall 1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fideler, Elizabeth F., Ed.

1990-01-01

This inaugural journal issue presents the perspectives of Massachusetts Bay Community College's faculty, administrators, and students on various aspects of community college education as practiced at the college. The journal contains the following articles: (1) "Adult Second Language Beginning Reading," by Ann Hilferty; (2) "Making Education a…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 44, No. 6, June-July 2017

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2017-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Using Data for Action and includes: (1) Community and School Use of Data for College Readiness and Postsecondary Success (Karmen…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 43, No. 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2016-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Early Learning and includes: (1) Three Signs that Your Pre-K Might Need a Make Over (Felix Montes); (2) Bilingual Early Childhood…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 43, No. 6, June-July 2016

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2016-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Culture of Poverty vs. Culture of Possibility and includes: (1) Open Source Learning Tools Make STEM Possible in Underserved Schools…

Expanding Perspectives: Qualitative Research in Higher Education. Second Edition. ASHE Reader Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conrad, Clifton F., Ed.; Haworth, Jennifer Grant, Ed.; Lattuca, Lisa R., Ed.

Chapters in this volume provide an introduction to qualitative research in higher education, organizing the discussion around four central themes. Part 1, Situating Ourselves and Our Inquiry, contains: (1) Objectivity in Educational Research (Elliot Eisner); (2) Truth in Trouble (Kenneth Gergen); (3) Beyond Translation: Truth and Rigoberta Menchu…

Reaching All the Children: A Second Book of Stories from the Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leavitt, Midge, Ed.

This second volume of stories written by teachers concerns the individuality of children, and classrooms in which every member, including the teacher, is an integral part of a dynamic whole. Each story has a different perspective. The first story describes inclusionary strategies used with a particular child. The second examines curriculum…

Advances in Special Education: Volume I. Basic Constructs and Theoretical Orientations. A Research Annual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keogh, Barbara K., Ed.

Intended for graduate students in special education, the text presents seven author contributed papers dealing with theoretical issues in the field. M. Faust and W. Faust ("Cognitive Constructing: Levels of Processing and Developmental Change") consider cognitive processing from a developmental perspective. In "Memory Processes in Exceptional…

Management Perspectives Pertaining to Root Cause Analyses of Nunn-McCurdy Breaches: Contractor Motivations and Anticipating Breaches, Volume 6

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

a similar problem. See Robert Jackall , Moral Mazes: The World of Corporate Managers, London: Oxford University Press, 2009. Contractor Incentives...Night Vision Goggles,” ITT Corporation press release, April 4, 2011. Jackall , Robert, Moral Mazes: The World of Corporate Managers, London: Oxford

Inventing a Discipline: Rhetoric Scholarship in Honor of Richard E. Young.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goggin, Maureen Daly, Ed.

Heeding the call of noted rhetoric scholar Richard E. Young to engage in serious, scholarly investigations of the assumptions that underlie established practices and habits about writing, the contributors to this critical volume study a diverse array of disciplinary issues, situate their work in a wide matrix of theoretical perspectives, and…

Issues in the North, Volume I. Occasional Publication No. 40.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oakes, Jill, Ed.; Riewe, Rick, Ed.

This book includes 26 papers from a lecture series exploring issues in the lives of northern and Aboriginal Canadian peoples. The seven sections address health and healing issues from Aboriginal and Western perspectives, the need to incorporate traditional Aboriginal ways of learning into the dominant educational system, evolving northern research…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 44, No. 8

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2017-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Culture of Poverty Myths and includes: (1) Tying the Knot Between School Finance Policy and Serving All Students (David G. Hinojosa);…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 43, No. 9

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2016-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Push Outs--Children of Color and includes: (1) Texas Public School Attrition Study, 2015-16: High School Attrition Inches Up to 25…

IDRA Newsletter. Volume 37, No.5

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodman, Christie L., Ed.

2010-01-01

Each edition of the IDRA Newsletter strives to provide many different perspectives on the issues in education topics discussed and to define its significance in the state and national dialogue. This issue focuses on Fair Funding and includes: (1) Fair Funding of Texas Schools is Even More Critical in Tough Economic Times (Albert Cortez); (2)…

Religion & American Education: Rethinking a National Dilemma.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nord, Warren A.

This book examines the role of religion in U.S. education. The book argues that public schools and universities must take religion seriously. Written from the perspective of a philosopher and generalist, the volume asserts that people need to have a better understanding of the deep assumptions that shape their thinking about religion and education…

Addressing Barriers to Learning. Volume 9, Number 2. Spring 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for Mental Health in Schools at UCLA, 2004

2004-01-01

This issue of the quarterly newsletter of the Center for Mental Health in Schools includes the following features and regular segments: (1) Diversity and Professional Competence in Schools... a Mental Health Perspective; (2) Diversity Competence Relevant to Mental Health in Schools: Eliminating Disparities in School Practices; (3) Where it's…

Theory and Practice in EFL Teacher Education: Bridging the Gap. New Perspectives on Language and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huttner, Julia; Mehlmauer-Larcher, Barbara; Reichl, Susanne; Schiftner, Barbara

2011-01-01

This volume addresses the complex issues surrounding language teacher education, especially in EFL, and the development of professionalism in this field. By applying such concepts as Shulman's "pedagogical content knowledge", the development of teachers' knowledge base is investigated in a variety of settings, thus underpinning the contextual…

English as an Additional Language: Changing Perspectives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leung, Constant, Ed.; Cable, Carrie, Ed.

This volume highlights the language and learning needs of pupils with English as an additional language in the United Kingdom. It includes chapters by British teachers and researchers working in this field. The book addresses a number of issues of interest to practitioners, scholars, teacher educators, and policy makers. Each chapter is prefaced…

Feedback to Managers: A Review and Comparison of Multi-Rater Instruments for Management Development. Third Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leslie, Jean Brittain; Fleenor, John W.

This volume describes 24 publicly available multiple-perspective management-assessment instruments that relate self-view to the views of others on multiple management and leadership domains. Each instrument also includes an assessment-for-development focus that scales managers along a continuum of psychometric properties, and "best…

StreamExplorer: A Multi-Stage System for Visually Exploring Events in Social Streams.

PubMed

Wu, Yingcai; Chen, Zhutian; Sun, Guodao; Xie, Xiao; Cao, Nan; Liu, Shixia; Cui, Weiwei

2017-10-18

Analyzing social streams is important for many applications, such as crisis management. However, the considerable diversity, increasing volume, and high dynamics of social streams of large events continue to be significant challenges that must be overcome to ensure effective exploration. We propose a novel framework by which to handle complex social streams on a budget PC. This framework features two components: 1) an online method to detect important time periods (i.e., subevents), and 2) a tailored GPU-assisted Self-Organizing Map (SOM) method, which clusters the tweets of subevents stably and efficiently. Based on the framework, we present StreamExplorer to facilitate the visual analysis, tracking, and comparison of a social stream at three levels. At a macroscopic level, StreamExplorer uses a new glyph-based timeline visualization, which presents a quick multi-faceted overview of the ebb and flow of a social stream. At a mesoscopic level, a map visualization is employed to visually summarize the social stream from either a topical or geographical aspect. At a microscopic level, users can employ interactive lenses to visually examine and explore the social stream from different perspectives. Two case studies and a task-based evaluation are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of StreamExplorer.Analyzing social streams is important for many applications, such as crisis management. However, the considerable diversity, increasing volume, and high dynamics of social streams of large events continue to be significant challenges that must be overcome to ensure effective exploration. We propose a novel framework by which to handle complex social streams on a budget PC. This framework features two components: 1) an online method to detect important time periods (i.e., subevents), and 2) a tailored GPU-assisted Self-Organizing Map (SOM) method, which clusters the tweets of subevents stably and efficiently. Based on the framework, we present StreamExplorer to facilitate the visual analysis, tracking, and comparison of a social stream at three levels. At a macroscopic level, StreamExplorer uses a new glyph-based timeline visualization, which presents a quick multi-faceted overview of the ebb and flow of a social stream. At a mesoscopic level, a map visualization is employed to visually summarize the social stream from either a topical or geographical aspect. At a microscopic level, users can employ interactive lenses to visually examine and explore the social stream from different perspectives. Two case studies and a task-based evaluation are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of StreamExplorer.

West European and East Asian Perspectives on Defense, Deterrence and Strategy. Volume 2. Western European Perspectives on Defense, Deterrence and Strategy.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-16

3a - vDE Or 4EPORT 13b 󈨋M COvERED :W)AE OF REPOR~ r or ay 5~ COu.N. *Technical :ROM 821201 -o 8451" 1984, May 16"a 238" 0y 5-I o. * 6 Su POLEMETARY...34 International Defense Review, Vol. 12, No. 3 (1979). 82. Geneste, Colonel Marc. ’La Bataille Terrestre Nuc1~aire,5 Strategie, (July-September 1976). 83.t, u...Strategi- gues, Nucl~aires Tactiques, Terrestres Maritimes et Aeriennes,’ Le Figaro, April 21, 1983. 182. Everts, Philip P. ’Reviving Unilateralism

Solar economy and technology update

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brotherton, T.K.

The industry, national, and consumer perspectives on solar power are reviewed. With a 30% increase in dealer/installers, and a 30% attrition rate, about 60% of the participants in the market are ''new kids on the block.'' The installed value of the market was $750 million in 1981. There was a 30% decline in volumes, due to the recession, in 1982. As for the national perspective, solar is labor intensive, and generated a billion dollars worth of jobs. As the DOE has abandoned all but high risk ''core technology'' RandD has faltered some. But desiccant heat pumps, polymer collectors, and parabolicmore » collectors are discussed.« less

Moral decision making in neonatal intensive care.

PubMed

Chally, P S

1992-01-01

To gain information about the perspective that neonatal intensive-care unit nurses use to make moral decisions. Descriptive. Neonatal intensive-care unit of a large teaching hospital in the midwestern United States. Convenience sample of 26 female nurses working in a neonatal intensive-care unit. Audiotaped, semistructured interviews and demographic questionnaires. The results indicated that most (65%) of the nurses used the care perspective to make moral decisions. A small number (12%) used the justice perspective, and the remaining nurses (23%) used a combined care and justice perspective. Both the care and justice perspectives were found to be important for understanding how nurses make moral decisions.

A New Electropositive Filter for Concentrating Enterovirus and Norovirus from Large Volumes of Water - MCEARD

EPA Science Inventory

The detection of enteric viruses in environmental water usually requires the concentration of viruses from large volumes of water. The 1MDS electropositive filter is commonly used for concentrating enteric viruses from water but unfortunately these filters are not cost-effective...

ANALYSIS OF LOW-LEVEL PESTICIDES FROM HIGH-ELEVATION LAKE WATERS BY LARGE VOLUME INJECTION GCMS

EPA Science Inventory

This paper describes the method development for the determination of ultra-low level pesticides from high-elevation lake waters by large-volume injection programmable temperature vaporizer (LVI-PTV) GC/MS. This analytical method is developed as a subtask of a larger study, backgr...

Development of a Solid Phase Extraction Method for Agricultural Pesticides in Large-Volume Water Samples

EPA Science Inventory

An analytical method using solid phase extraction (SPE) and analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was developed for the trace determination of a variety of agricultural pesticides and selected transformation products in large-volume high-elevation lake water sa...

Learning lessons from natural disasters - sectorial or holistic perspectives?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johansson, M.; Blumenthal, B.; Nyberg, L.

2009-04-01

Lessons learning from systematic analyses of past natural disasters is of great importance for future risk reduction and vulnerability management. It is one crucial piece of a puzzle towards disaster resilient societies, together with e.g. models of future emerging climate-related risks, globalization or demographic changes. Systematic analyses of impact and management of past events have commonly been produced in many sectors, but the knowledge is seldom shared outside the own organization or produced for other actors. To increase the availability of reports and documents, the Swedish Rescue Services Agency has created the Swedish Natural Hazards Information System, in accordance with a government commission from 2005. The system gathers accident reports, investigations and in-depth analyses, together with societal additional costs and mappings of consequences from central and local governments, NGO's and private actors. Evaluation of the collection reveals large differences in quality, systematic approach, depth and extent, clearly consistent with the lack of coherent harmonization of investigation and reporting approaches. Type of hazard, degree of impact and time elapsed since present are decisive for the collected volume. LPHC (low probability high consequences) disasters usually comprise most data and analytical activities, since they often are met with surprise and highlight the failure to integrate resilience into normal societal planning. During the last 50 years, several LPHC events in Sweden have functioned as alarm clocks and entailed major changes and improvements in government policies or legislations, safety management systems, risk assessments, response training, stakeholder communication, etc. Such an event occurred in January 2005 when Northern Europe was confronted with one of the most severe storms in modern history. Accidents that caused 24 fatalities occurred (17 in Sweden), several regions in UK and Germany were flooded and extensive areas of storm-felled forests left nearly one million households in Scandinavia without electricity. In Sweden the quantity of storm-felled trees was equivalent to the combined volume felled by other storms during the whole of the 20th century, which caused exceptional damage to forests, roads, railways and electricity and telecommunications networks, including cell-phones. Follow-ups and evaluations at local level, as regulated by law, together with government commissions to central authorities and interest from research communities, have resulted in an extensive production of documented lessons learning. Our case study describes their thematic extent, identifies different perspectives in relation to their basis for analyses, emphasizes the complementary need of a holistic perspective and puts the Swedish systematic procedure into an international comparison.