Reconciling the Complexity of Human Development with the Reality of Legal Policy: Reply to Fischer, Stein, and Heikkinen (2009)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steinberg, Laurence; Cauffman, Elizabeth; Woolard, Jennifer; Graham, Sandra; Banich, Marie

2009-01-01

The authors respond to both the general and specific concerns raised in Fischer, Stein, and Heikkinen's commentary on their article (Steinberg, Cauffman, Woolard, Graham, & Banich), in which they drew on studies of adolescent development to justify the American Psychological Association's positions in two Supreme Court cases involving the…

Action Research and Narrative Inquiry: Five Principles for Validation Revisited

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heikkinen, Hannu L. T.; Huttunen, Rauno; Syrjala, Leena; Pesonen, Jyri

2012-01-01

The article continues the discussion of the five quality principles proposed by Heikkinen, Huttunen, and Syrjala, published in 2007 in "Educational Action Research". In the present article, the authors reconsider the five principles: historical continuity; reflexivity; dialectics; workability; and evocativeness. These five principles are…

Sport for Older Persons.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council of Europe, Strasbourg (France).

The following papers were prepared for a seminar on sport for older people: (1) "Gerontological Aspects of Physical Exercise" (Eino Heikkinen); (2) "Sporting Activities in the Individual Life from the View of Older Persons" (Henning Allmer); (3) "Reasons Why Decision-Makers Should Urge Old People to Practise Physical and Sporting Activities"…

An Alternative Way of Responding to Powerful Ideas: Notes to Accompany the Poem Entitled "Five Principles of Quality in Narratives of Action Research"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saunders, Lesley

2007-01-01

This paper is written in a personal capacity and mainly takes the form of a poem--in five sections--composed as a response to some of the ideas in the article by Hannu Heikkinen and colleagues in this same issue of "Educational Action Research": "Action research as narrative: five principles for validation". The poem takes its…

Effect of the Edge Radial Electric Field on Neutral Particle Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guldi, C.; Heidbrink, W. W.; Beitzel, T. A.; Burrell, K. H.

2000-10-01

Neutral particle measurements in ASDEX were originally interpreted as evidence that the edge radial electric field Er changes gradually at the L-H transition.(W. Herrmann et al.), Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) 4401. We have relocated an analyzer to an orientation similar to the ASDEX analyzer: at the outer midplane viewing perpendicular ions midway between toroidal field coils. The electric field is measured by charge-exchange recombination and motional stark effect diagnostics. The passive charge exchange signal from the relocated analyzer is usually undetectable but, in discharges with large E_r, the flux of 5 keV neutrals can resemble ASDEX signals. The combined effects of ripple trapping and E_r× B_φ drifts(J.A. Heikkinen et al.), Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion 40 (1998) 679. may explain the results.

Enhancing chemistry problem-solving achievement using problem categorization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bunce, Diane M.; Gabel, Dorothy L.; Samuel, John V.

The enhancement of chemistry students' skill in problem solving through problem categorization is the focus of this study. Twenty-four students in a freshman chemistry course for health professionals are taught how to solve problems using the explicit method of problem solving (EMPS) (Bunce & Heikkinen, 1986). The EMPS is an organized approach to problem analysis which includes encoding the information given in a problem (Given, Asked For), relating this to what is already in long-term memory (Recall), and planning a solution (Overall Plan) before a mathematical solution is attempted. In addition to the EMPS training, treatment students receive three 40-minute sessions following achievement tests in which they are taught how to categorize problems. Control students use this time to review the EMPS solutions of test questions. Although problem categorization is involved in one section of the EMPS (Recall), treatment students who received specific training in problem categorization demonstrate significantly higher achievement on combination problems (those problems requiring the use of more than one chemical topic for their solution) at (p = 0.01) than their counterparts. Significantly higher achievement for treatment students is also measured on an unannounced test (p = 0.02). Analysis of interview transcripts of both treatment and control students illustrates a Rolodex approach to problem solving employed by all students in this study. The Rolodex approach involves organizing equations used to solve problems on mental index cards and flipping through them, matching units given when a new problem is to be solved. A second phenomenon observed during student interviews is the absence of a link in the conceptual understanding of the chemical concepts involved in a problem and the problem-solving skills employed to correctly solve problems. This study shows that explicit training in categorization skills and the EMPS can lead to higher achievement in complex problem

Thermodynamics and Spontaneity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ochs, Raymond S.

1996-10-01

Despite the importance of thermodynamics as the foundation of chemistry, most students emerge from introductory courses with only a dim understanding of this subject. Generally students recognize that the information is significant, yet do not assimilate it into later studies, especially in applied fields such as biology and biochemistry. A clear sense of the problem is reflected in a number of other contributions to this Journal (e.g., 1 - 6). Most (1 - 4, 6) recommend increased rigor in derivation of equations. This may appeal to students in advanced courses in chemical thermodynamics, but not to most. A few other suggestions are to introduce the subject earlier in general chemistry courses (2) or to provide innovative ways to visualize reaction changes (3). I suggest that the problem lies at another level entirely: the meanings of the terms are not clear. Recently, MacNeal (7) introduced the concept of mathsemantics, the joining of mathematics with a deep understanding of the sense (semantics) in which it operates. For example, the author argues that not only can we add apples and oranges (yielding total fruit), but that anything less than such a synthesis is trivial. Mathematics is hard, not because of the actual mathematical part of the problem but because of the semantics. As discussed thoroughly by Weinburg (8), the very names we affix to ideas dominate how we think about them. A similar reorientation would benefit chemical education. By way of example, the word "spontaneous" is widely used in thermodynamics, presumably because the word is familiar and assists understanding of this subject. In the following, I will provide evidence that this word has contributed more to the obfuscation of chemical ideas than it has helped elucidate them. Literature Cited 1. Redlich, O. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 374 - 376. 2. Bergquist, W.; Heikkinen, H. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 1000 - 1003. 3. Macomber, R. S. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 311 - 312. 4. Sanchez, K. S.; Vergenz, R

Structure of Suasselkä Postglacial Fault in northern Finland obtained by analysis of ambient seismic noise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Afonin, Nikita; Kozlovskaya, Elena

2016-04-01

the SPGF corresponds to a narrow region of low S-wave velocities surrounded by rocks with high S-wave velocities. We interpret this low velocity region as a non-healed mechanically weak fault damage zone (FDZ) remained after the last major earthquake that occurred after the last glaciation. Seismic instruments for the DAFNE/FINLAND experiment were provided by the institute of Seismology of the University of Helsinki and by the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory. The study was partly funded by Posiva Oy and Geological Survey of Finland. DAFNE/FINLAND Working Group: Ilmo Kukkonen Pekka Heikkinen Kari Komminaho Elena Kozlovskaya Riitta Hurskainen Tero Raita Hanna Silvennoinen

An mHealth App for Supporting Quitters to Manage Cigarette Cravings With Short Bouts of Physical Activity: A Randomized Pilot Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

PubMed

Hassandra, Mary; Lintunen, Taru; Hagger, Martin S; Heikkinen, Risto; Vanhala, Mauno; Kettunen, Tarja

2017-05-26

. The PhoS app showed some potential to reduce abstinence among participants not using pharmacological therapy and to increase physical activity. However, problems with usability and lack of effects on abstinence raise questions over the app's long-term effectiveness. Future research should prioritize further development of the app to maximize usability and test effects of the intervention independent of quit-smoking programs. International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 55259451; http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN55259451 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6cKF2mzEI). ©Mary Hassandra, Taru Lintunen, Martin S Hagger, Risto Heikkinen, Mauno Vanhala, Tarja Kettunen. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 26.05.2017.