46 CFR 129.395 - Radio installations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... INSTALLATIONS Power Sources and Distribution Systems § 129.395 Radio installations. A separate circuit, with... radios, if installed, may be powered from a local lighting power source, such as the pilothouse lighting panel, provided each radio power source has a separate overcurrent protection device. ...

46 CFR 129.395 - Radio installations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... INSTALLATIONS Power Sources and Distribution Systems § 129.395 Radio installations. A separate circuit, with... radios, if installed, may be powered from a local lighting power source, such as the pilothouse lighting panel, provided each radio power source has a separate overcurrent protection device. ...

46 CFR 129.395 - Radio installations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... INSTALLATIONS Power Sources and Distribution Systems § 129.395 Radio installations. A separate circuit, with... radios, if installed, may be powered from a local lighting power source, such as the pilothouse lighting panel, provided each radio power source has a separate overcurrent protection device. ...

Installation of Existing Lift Systems for the Handicapped on Light Rail Vehicles

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1985-05-01

This report documents the results of a three-phase program to install an existing transit bus wheelchair lift system on a Boeing Light Rail Vehicle (LRV). Program activities included a review of lift requirements, evaluation of existing lift systems,...

Yuma Border Patrol Lighting Retrofit: Final LED System Performance Assessment of Trial and Full Installation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilkerson, Andrea; Sullivan, Gregory P.; Davis, Robert G.

Along the Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area in Yuma, Arizona, the GATEWAY program conducted a trial evaluation in which the incumbent quartz metal halide area lighting was replaced with LED at three pole locations, and illuminance measurements were recorded initially and at 2500 hours, 5000 hours, 7000, and 11,000 hours of operation. Additionally, four second-generation LED luminaires installed as part of the full installation were evaluated initially and again after 4,000 hours of operation. While the initial energy, lighting quality, and maintenance benefits relative to the incumbent high-pressure sodium system were very satisfactory, the study raises important questions regarding themore » long-term performance of LED lighting systems in high-temperature environments.« less

Use of Occupancy Sensors in LED Parking Lot and Garage Applications: Early Experiences

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kinzey, Bruce R.; Myer, Michael; Royer, Michael P.

2012-11-07

Occupancy sensor systems are gaining traction as an effective technological approach to reducing energy use in exterior commercial lighting applications. Done correctly, occupancy sensors can substantially enhance the savings from an already efficient lighting system. However, this technology is confronted by several potential challenges and pitfalls that can leave a significant amount of the prospective savings on the table. This report describes anecdotal experiences from field installations of occupancy sensor controlled light-emitting diode (LED) lighting at two parking structures and two parking lots. The relative levels of success at these installations reflect a marked range of potential outcomes: from anmore » additional 76% in energy savings to virtually no additional savings. Several issues that influenced savings were encountered in these early stage installations and are detailed in the report. Ultimately, care must be taken in the design, selection, and commissioning of a sensor-controlled lighting installation, else the only guaranteed result may be its cost.« less

Enhanced Automated Guidance System for Horizontal Auger Boring Based on Image Processing.

PubMed

Wu, Lingling; Wen, Guojun; Wang, Yudan; Huang, Lei; Zhou, Jiang

2018-02-15

Horizontal auger boring (HAB) is a widely used trenchless technology for the high-accuracy installation of gravity or pressure pipelines on line and grade. Differing from other pipeline installations, HAB requires a more precise and automated guidance system for use in a practical project. This paper proposes an economic and enhanced automated optical guidance system, based on optimization research of light-emitting diode (LED) light target and five automated image processing bore-path deviation algorithms. An LED light target was optimized for many qualities, including light color, filter plate color, luminous intensity, and LED layout. The image preprocessing algorithm, direction location algorithm, angle measurement algorithm, deflection detection algorithm, and auto-focus algorithm, compiled in MATLAB, are used to automate image processing for deflection computing and judging. After multiple indoor experiments, this guidance system is applied in a project of hot water pipeline installation, with accuracy controlled within 2 mm in 48-m distance, providing accurate line and grade controls and verifying the feasibility and reliability of the guidance system.

Envisioning an Ecologically Sustainable Campus At New England College

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Paula Amato; Gregory Palmer

Appropriation funding for our project Ecologically Sustainable Campus - New England College (NH). 67.09. supported five environmental initiatives: (1) a wood pellet boiler for our Science Building, (2) solar hot water panels and systems for five campus buildings, (3) campus-wide energy lighting efficiency project, (4) new efficiency boiler system in Colby Residence Hall, and (5) energy efficient lighting system for the new artificial athletic turf field. (1) New England College purchased and installed a new wood pellet boiler in the Science Building. This new boiler serves as the primary heating source for this building. Our boiler was purchased through Newmore » England Wood Pellet, LLC, located in Jaffrey, New Hampshire. The boiler selected was a Swebo, P500. 300KW wood pellet boiler. The primary goals, objectives, and outcomes of this initiative include the installation of a wood pellet boiler system that is environmentally friendly, highly efficient, and represents a sustainable and renewable resource for New England College. This project was completed on December 15, 2010. (2) New England College purchased and installed solar hot water panels and systems for the Science Building, the Simon Center (student center), the H. Raymond Danforth Library, Gilmore Dining Hall, and Bridges Gymnasium. The College worked with Granite State Plumbing & Heating, LLC, located in Weare, New Hampshire on this project. The solar panels are manufactured by Heat Transfer; the product is Heat Transfer 30-tube collector panels (Evacuated Tube Type) with stainless steel hardware. The interior equipment includes Super Stor Ultra stainless steel super insulated storage tank, Taco 009 Bronze circulator pump, Solar Relay Control Pack, and a Taco Thermal Expansion Tank. The primary goals, objectives, and outcomes of this initiative will allow the College to utilize the sun as an energy resource. These solar hot water panels and systems will alleviate our dependency on fossil fuel as our primary fuel resource and provide a reliable energy source that supplies the hot water needs for sanitation, dishwashing at our dining facilities, and shower facilities for our athletes. This project initiative was completed on June 30, 2010. (3) New England College has completed energy efficiency lighting projects throughout campus, which included upgrades and new systems throughout our buildings. This project also installed efficiency controls for the Lee Clement Arena and refrigeration equipment in the Gilmore Dining Hall. The College worked with Atlantic Energy Solutions, located in Foxboro, Massachusetts on our 50/50 energy efficiency lighting project and campus-wide audit. The actual implementation of the project was completed by D. Poole Electrical Services, located in Center Barnstead, New Hampshire. The primary goals, objectives, and outcomes of this initiative were to install energy efficient lighting systems throughout our campus buildings, which ultimately will provide New England College with a more efficient way to manage and control its energy use. This project initiative was completed on February 15, 2010. (4) New England College purchased and installed a high efficiency and clean burning system for the Colby Residence Hall, which is the primary housing for our freshman. We purchased and installed two Buderus Boilers, model number G515/10 with two Riello Burners, model number RL 38/2. The College worked with Granite State Plumbing & Heating, LLS, located in Weare, New Hampshire on the installation of this high efficiency and clean burning system for the Colby Residence Hall. The primary goals, objectives, and outcomes for this initiative included the installation of a designed system of two boilers to provide redundancy for backup measures. This new system will provide New England College the flexibility to utilize just one smaller boiler to provide heat and hot water during non-peak periods thus continued reduction in energy use and our carbon footprint. This project initiative was completed on September 18, 2009. (5) New England College purchased and installed energy efficient lighting for our new artificial athletic turf field. The College selected Light-Structure Green lighting systems and worked with Musco Lighting, located in Oskaloosa. Iowa. The primary goals, objectives, and outcomes of this initiative were to install innovative lighting systems that significantly reduce energy costs and provide a high level of efficiency, resulting in overall utility savings to the College. This lighting technology combines the energy efficient equipment along with a focused lighting objective (field playing surface) to reduce the number of lighting heads needed to illuminate the playing surface to NCAA standards while reducing energy consumption by 50%. This project was completed on October 15, 2009.« less

A novel smart lighting clinical testbed.

PubMed

Gleason, Joseph D; Oishi, Meeko; Simkulet, Michelle; Tuzikas, Arunas; Brown, Lee K; Brueck, S R J; Karlicek, Robert F

2017-07-01

A real-time, feedback-capable, variable spectrum lighting system was recently installed at the University of New Mexico Hospital to facilitate biomedical research on the health impacts of lighting. The system consists of variable spectrum troffers, color sensors, occupancy sensors, and computing and communication infrastructure, and is the only such clinical facility in the US. The clinical environment posed special challenges for installation as well as for ongoing maintenance and operations. Pilot studies are currently underway to evaluate the effectiveness of the system to regulate circadian phase in subjects with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder.

Demonstration Assessment of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Roadway Lighting, I-35W Bridge, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Phase II Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kinzey, B. R.; Davis, R. G.

2014-09-30

On the I-35W Bridge in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the GATEWAY program conducted a two-phase demonstration of LED roadway lighting on the main span, which is one of the country's oldest continuously operated exterior LED lighting installations. The Phase II report documents longer-term performance of the LED lighting system that was installed in 2008, and is the first report on the longer-term performance of LED lighting in the field.

46 CFR 112.55-5 - Emergency lighting loads.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-5 Emergency lighting loads. When supplying emergency lighting loads, the storage battery initial voltage must not exceed the standard system voltage by...

46 CFR 112.55-5 - Emergency lighting loads.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-5 Emergency lighting loads. When supplying emergency lighting loads, the storage battery initial voltage must not exceed the standard system voltage by...

46 CFR 112.55-5 - Emergency lighting loads.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-5 Emergency lighting loads. When supplying emergency lighting loads, the storage battery initial voltage must not exceed the standard system voltage by...

46 CFR 112.55-5 - Emergency lighting loads.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-5 Emergency lighting loads. When supplying emergency lighting loads, the storage battery initial voltage must not exceed the standard system voltage by...

46 CFR 112.55-5 - Emergency lighting loads.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-5 Emergency lighting loads. When supplying emergency lighting loads, the storage battery initial voltage must not exceed the standard system voltage by...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goodwin, Malik

Reliable public lighting remains a critically important and valuable public service in Detroit, Michigan. The Downtown Detroit Energy Efficiency Lighting Program (the, “Program”) was designed and implemented to bring the latest advancements in lighting technology, energy efficiency, public safety and reliability to Detroit’s Central Business District, and the Program accomplished those goals successfully. Downtown’s nighttime atmosphere has been upgraded as a result of the installation of over 1000 new LED roadway lighting fixtures that were installed as part of the Program. The reliability of the lighting system has also improved.

Tuning the light in senior care: Evaluating a trial LED lighting system at the ACC Care Center in Sacramento, CA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Davis, Robert G.; Wilkerson, Andrea M.

This report summarizes the results from a trial installation of light-emitting diode (LED) lighting systems in several spaces within the ACC Care Center in Sacramento, CA. The Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) coordinated the project and invited the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to document the performance of the LED lighting systems as part of a GATEWAY evaluation. DOE tasked the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to conduct the investigation. SMUD and ACC staff coordinated and completed the design and installation of the LED systems, while PNNL and SMUD staff evaluated the photometric performance of the systems. ACC staff alsomore » track behavioral and health measures of the residents; some of those results are reported here, although PNNL staff were not directly involved in collecting or interpreting those data. The trial installation took place in a double resident room and a single resident room, and the corridor that connects those (and other) rooms to the central nurse station. Other spaces in the trial included the nurse station, a common room called the family room located near the nurse station, and the ACC administrator’s private office.« less

33 CFR 118.110 - Daymarks and lateral lighting on bridges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... through bridges with U.S. aids to navigation system lateral marks and lights installed on the... flashing, flashing, isophase or occulting red and green lights to mark the main channels. (b) If lateral system lights are required or authorized to mark the main navigation channels, fixed yellow lights shall...

33 CFR 118.110 - Daymarks and lateral lighting on bridges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... through bridges with U.S. aids to navigation system lateral marks and lights installed on the... flashing, flashing, isophase or occulting red and green lights to mark the main channels. (b) If lateral system lights are required or authorized to mark the main navigation channels, fixed yellow lights shall...

33 CFR 118.110 - Daymarks and lateral lighting on bridges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... through bridges with U.S. aids to navigation system lateral marks and lights installed on the... flashing, flashing, isophase or occulting red and green lights to mark the main channels. (b) If lateral system lights are required or authorized to mark the main navigation channels, fixed yellow lights shall...

14 CFR 29.812 - Emergency lighting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... lighting system, they may be recharged from the rotorcraft's main electrical power system provided the... power supply independent of the main lighting system must be installed to— (1) Illuminate each passenger... upon interruption of the rotorcraft's normal electric power. (d) Any means required to assist the...

Enhanced Automated Guidance System for Horizontal Auger Boring Based on Image Processing

PubMed Central

Wu, Lingling; Wen, Guojun; Wang, Yudan; Huang, Lei; Zhou, Jiang

2018-01-01

Horizontal auger boring (HAB) is a widely used trenchless technology for the high-accuracy installation of gravity or pressure pipelines on line and grade. Differing from other pipeline installations, HAB requires a more precise and automated guidance system for use in a practical project. This paper proposes an economic and enhanced automated optical guidance system, based on optimization research of light-emitting diode (LED) light target and five automated image processing bore-path deviation algorithms. An LED target was optimized for many qualities, including light color, filter plate color, luminous intensity, and LED layout. The image preprocessing algorithm, feature extraction algorithm, angle measurement algorithm, deflection detection algorithm, and auto-focus algorithm, compiled in MATLAB, are used to automate image processing for deflection computing and judging. After multiple indoor experiments, this guidance system is applied in a project of hot water pipeline installation, with accuracy controlled within 2 mm in 48-m distance, providing accurate line and grade controls and verifying the feasibility and reliability of the guidance system. PMID:29462855

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilkerson, Andrea M.; McCullough, Jeffrey J.

The Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area is a high flux lighting application in a high temperature environment, presenting a formidable challenge for light-emitting diodes (LEDs). This retrofit is an Energy Savings Performance Contract ENABLE project under the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Federal Energy Management Program. If high flux LED technology performs well in a region with high ambient temperature and solar radiation, it can perform well in most outdoor environments. The design process for the Yuma retrofit has already provided valuable knowledge to CBP and DOE. The LED lighting system selected for the retrofit is expected to reduce energymore » consumption 69% compared to the incumbent quartz metal halide (QMH) lighting system. If the LED lighting system is installed, GATEWAY will continue to document and disseminate information regarding the installation and long-term performance so that others may also gain valuable knowledge from the Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area lighting retrofit.« less

GATEWAY Demonstrations: Philadelphia International Airport Apron Lighting: LED System Performance in a Trial Installation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Davis, Robert G.; Wilkerson, Andrea M.

This report documents a trial installation of LED apron lighting that replaced the existing high-pressure sodium luminaires at Philadelphia International Airport. Such high-mast applications remain challenging for LED technology, and the lessons learned from this project may help facility managers and LED product manufacturers better meet those challenges.

Installation package - SIMS prototype system 1A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

This report consists of details for the installation, operation and maintenance of a prototype heating and hot water system, designed for residential or light commercial applications. This system consists of the following subsystems: air type collectors, pebble bed thermal storage, air handling unit, air to water heat exchanger, hot water preheat tank, auxiliary energy, ducting system.

Leveraging brightness from transportation lighting systems through light source color.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-11-01

Roadway transportation lighting is installed for multiple reasons including traffic safety and pedestrian : security. Judgments of pedestrian safety and security along roadways are not strictly correlated to : specified light levels, but the color of...

14 CFR 23.1385 - Position light system installation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... requirements of §§ 23.1387 through 23.1397. (b) Left and right position lights. Left and right position lights... the airplane such that, with the airplane in the normal flying position, the red light is on the left...

Fiber-Optic Current Sensor Validation with Triggered Lightning Measurements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, Truong X.; Ely, Jay J.; Szatkowski, George N.; Mata, Carlos T.; Mata, Angel G.; Snyder, Gary P.

2013-01-01

A fiber optic current sensor based on the Faraday Effect is developed that is highly suitable for aircraft installation and can measure total current enclosed in a fiber loop down to DC. Other attributes include being small, light-weight, non-conducting, safe from electromagnetic interference, and free of hysteresis and saturation. The Faraday Effect causes light polarization to rotate when exposed to a magnetic field in the direction of light propagation. Measuring the induced light polarization rotation in fiber loops yields the total current enclosed. Two sensor systems were constructed and installed at Camp Blanding, Florida, measuring rocket-triggered lightning. The systems were similar in design but with different laser wavelengths, sensitivities and ranges. Results are compared to a shunt resistor as reference. The 850nm wavelength system tested in summer 2011 showed good result comparison early. However, later results showed gradual amplitude increase with time, attributed to corroded connections affecting the 50-ohm output termination. The 1550nm system also yielded good results in the summer 2012. The successful measurements demonstrate the fiber optic sensor's accuracies in capturing real lightning currents, and represent an important step toward future aircraft installation.

46 CFR 183.420 - Navigation lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Navigation lights. 183.420 Section 183.420 Shipping...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.420 Navigation lights. All vessels must have navigation lights..., except that a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must also have navigation lights that...

46 CFR 183.430 - Portable lights

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Portable lights 183.430 Section 183.430 Shipping COAST...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.430 Portable lights Each vessel must be equipped with at least two operable portable battery lights. One of these lights must be located at the operating station and...

46 CFR 183.420 - Navigation lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Navigation lights. 183.420 Section 183.420 Shipping...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.420 Navigation lights. All vessels must have navigation lights..., except that a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must also have navigation lights that...

46 CFR 183.420 - Navigation lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Navigation lights. 183.420 Section 183.420 Shipping...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.420 Navigation lights. All vessels must have navigation lights..., except that a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must also have navigation lights that...

46 CFR 183.420 - Navigation lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Navigation lights. 183.420 Section 183.420 Shipping...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.420 Navigation lights. All vessels must have navigation lights..., except that a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must also have navigation lights that...

46 CFR 183.430 - Portable lights

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Portable lights 183.430 Section 183.430 Shipping COAST...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.430 Portable lights Each vessel must be equipped with at least two operable portable battery lights. One of these lights must be located at the operating station and...

46 CFR 183.430 - Portable lights

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Portable lights 183.430 Section 183.430 Shipping COAST...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.430 Portable lights Each vessel must be equipped with at least two operable portable battery lights. One of these lights must be located at the operating station and...

46 CFR 183.430 - Portable lights

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Portable lights 183.430 Section 183.430 Shipping COAST...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.430 Portable lights Each vessel must be equipped with at least two operable portable battery lights. One of these lights must be located at the operating station and...

46 CFR 183.420 - Navigation lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Navigation lights. 183.420 Section 183.420 Shipping...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.420 Navigation lights. All vessels must have navigation lights..., except that a vessel of more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must also have navigation lights that...

46 CFR 183.430 - Portable lights

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Portable lights 183.430 Section 183.430 Shipping COAST...) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Lighting Systems § 183.430 Portable lights Each vessel must be equipped with at least two operable portable battery lights. One of these lights must be located at the operating station and...

7 CFR 3560.53 - Eligible use of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... of the site immediately prior to purchase. (e) Develop and install necessary systems. Funds may be used to install streets, a water supply, sewage disposal, heating and cooling systems, electric, gas, solar, or other power sources for lighting and other features necessary for the housing. If such...

7 CFR 3560.53 - Eligible use of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... of the site immediately prior to purchase. (e) Develop and install necessary systems. Funds may be used to install streets, a water supply, sewage disposal, heating and cooling systems, electric, gas, solar, or other power sources for lighting and other features necessary for the housing. If such...

7 CFR 3560.53 - Eligible use of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... of the site immediately prior to purchase. (e) Develop and install necessary systems. Funds may be used to install streets, a water supply, sewage disposal, heating and cooling systems, electric, gas, solar, or other power sources for lighting and other features necessary for the housing. If such...

7 CFR 3560.53 - Eligible use of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... of the site immediately prior to purchase. (e) Develop and install necessary systems. Funds may be used to install streets, a water supply, sewage disposal, heating and cooling systems, electric, gas, solar, or other power sources for lighting and other features necessary for the housing. If such...

PV systems for remote villages: Service-learning and communal sharing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Duffy, J.; Soper, P.; Prasitpianchai, S.

1999-07-01

The remote village of Malvas in the Andes seems typical of many in Peru. The 500 descendants of the Quechua once ruled by the Inca have no electricity, no running water, one telephone, and mud adobe houses. At a 10,000-foot altitude, residents survive with subsistence farming. A group designed and installed a photovoltaic system to provide a vaccine refrigerator, lights, and a transceiver radio system in the town medical clinic last August. They installed light systems in four other town medical clinics in January. This project involves service-learning: combining service with academic subject matter, in this case solar engineering. Keymore » elements of the project also include: letting people define their needs, sustainable infrastructure development, community sharing of installation and virtual ownership (to go along with almost everything else that is shared in common).« less

10 CFR 434.520 - Speculative buildings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... assumed lighting power allowance. 520.5 HVAC Systems and Equipment. If the HVAC system is not completely... construction of future HVAC systems and equipment. These assumptions shall be documented so that future HVAC... calculate the Design Energy Consumption must be documented so that the future installed lighting systems may...

10 CFR 434.520 - Speculative buildings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... assumed lighting power allowance. 520.5HVAC Systems and Equipment. If the HVAC system is not completely... construction of future HVAC systems and equipment. These assumptions shall be documented so that future HVAC... calculate the Design Energy Consumption must be documented so that the future installed lighting systems may...

10 CFR 434.520 - Speculative buildings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... assumed lighting power allowance. 520.5HVAC Systems and Equipment. If the HVAC system is not completely... construction of future HVAC systems and equipment. These assumptions shall be documented so that future HVAC... calculate the Design Energy Consumption must be documented so that the future installed lighting systems may...

10 CFR 434.520 - Speculative buildings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... assumed lighting power allowance. 520.5HVAC Systems and Equipment. If the HVAC system is not completely... construction of future HVAC systems and equipment. These assumptions shall be documented so that future HVAC... calculate the Design Energy Consumption must be documented so that the future installed lighting systems may...

10 CFR 434.520 - Speculative buildings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... assumed lighting power allowance. 520.5HVAC Systems and Equipment. If the HVAC system is not completely... construction of future HVAC systems and equipment. These assumptions shall be documented so that future HVAC... calculate the Design Energy Consumption must be documented so that the future installed lighting systems may...

Making the Connection: Beneficial Collaboration Between Army Installations and Energy Utility Companies

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

natural gas vehicle-fueling station, improving the efficiency of boilers, installing a generating system to supplement the electricity purchased during...voltage regulation of transformers in its substations to improve energy efficiency and a small study on customer assistance, both at BPA’s own expense...Fort Campbell has installed more energy efficient boilers, HVAC systems , hot water heaters, lighting, 10 A ground source heat pump (GSHP), also

Energy efficiency effect on the public street lighting by using LED light replacement and kwh-meter installation at DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sudarmono, Panggih; Deendarlianto; Widyaparaga, Adhika

2018-05-01

Public street lighting consumes large energy for the public interest, but many street lights still do not use energy-saving technologies. In 2014, Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta operated 179,305 units of street lights. Of the number of installed armature, 92 % of them or 166,441 units are HPS (High-Pressure Sodium) armatures which are inefficient. In 2016, the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta cut down the energy used for street lighting, by implementing the programs of kWh-meter installation in every street lighting panel and use energy-saving lamps equipped with the smart system. The Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta is registered with 6,399 customer IDs in PLN (State Owned Electric Company), and gradually carried out the kWh Meter installation and changes to the contract. The program to use energy-saving lights done by replacing the HPS armature that is not energy efficient to LED armature which is known to be energy efficient. Until the end of 2016, the number of armatures that has been replaced was 89,417 units. The research results on 25 samples of PLN customer IDs and the replacement of 2,162 units armature, showed that the energy efficiency through kWh meter installation and armature replacement reduce the power consumption from 330,414 kWh to 71,278 kWh or by 78.43%. Generally, there was a decrease in the value of electricity bill compared to the before the replacement. The program of kWh-meter installations and replacement of the armature has a payback period of 2.66 years.

Effect of a constant-level lighting control system on small offices with windows. Final technical report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Edgar, L.

To reduce energy consumption stemming from lighting, some of the fixtures in Army office buildings have been delamped and building energy managers have instituted the policy of turning lights off when not in use. Even with these measures, lighting is still one of the largest consumers of electricity. The current problem is to find ways to reduce the energy consumption of lighting systems when they are in use. The objectives of this research was to provide information on the performance and energy savings potential of constant level lighting (CLL) controls. Based on a review of product information, researchers selected themore » Conservolite Plus 20 for testing and installed it in 10 office spaces. After 4 months of operation, a survey of the office occupants revealed that they were satisfied with the CLL system. Although electrical cost savings were realized, the payback period varied greatly, depending on the cost of replacing old or inoperable lamps and ballasts. Before large scale installation of CLL systems, it is recommended that the power factor and harmonic distortion be monitored at a large facility.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Perrin, Tess E.; Davis, Robert G.; Wilkerson, Andrea M.

This GATEWAY project evaluated four field installations to better understand the long-term performance of a number of LED products, which can hopefully stimulate improvements in designing, manufacturing, specifying, procuring, and installing LED products. Field studies provide the opportunity to discover and investigate issues that cannot be simulated or uncovered in a laboratory, but the installed performance over time of commercially available LED products has not been well documented. Improving long-term performance can provide both direct energy savings by reducing the need to over-light to account for light loss and indirect energy savings through better market penetration due to SSL’s competitivemore » advantages over less-efficient light source technologies. The projects evaluated for this report illustrate that SSL use is often motivated by advantages other than energy savings, including maintenance savings, easier integration with control systems, and improved lighting quality.« less

UVC Sheds New Light on School Mold Problems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freeman, James

2002-01-01

Describes how the LaPorte Independent School District in Texas turned to ultraviolent light devices installed within the HVAC system to combat mold and fungus after conventional approaches failed. Describes the additional benefits of energy savings from the system. (EV)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

The objectives of the SNAP 7A program were to design, manufacture, test, and deliver a five-watt electric generation system for a U. S. Coast Guard 8 x 26E light buoy. The 10-watt Sr/sup 90/ thermoelectric generator, the d-c-to-d-c converter, batteries and the method of installation in the light buoy are describcd. The SNAP 7A generator was fueled with four capsules containing a total of 40,800 curies of Sr/sup 90/ titanate. After fueling and testing, the SNAP 7A electric generating system was installed in the Coast Guard light buoy at Baltimore, Maryland, on December 15, 1961. Operation of the buoy lampmore » is continuous. (auth)« less

Purchasing and Selecting School Lighting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berman, Tim

2003-01-01

Discusses factors for schools to consider when deciding on a lighting system: purchase price, installation charges, maintenance costs, energy costs, and ensuring optimal educational environment. Presents best practices in these areas. (EV)

Research notes : solar powered navigational lighting system demonstration project.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-04-01

ODOT will be installing a solar powered navigational lighting system on the AstoriaMegler Bridge as part of a pilot project approved by the Federal Highways Administration (FHWA). The coastal bridge is the connection across the Columbia River on U.S....

Advanced Lighting Controls for Reducing Energy use and Cost in DoD Installations

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-01

OccuSwitch Wireless is a room-based lighting control system employing dimmable light sources, occupancy and daylight sensors , wireless interconnection...combination of wireless and wired control solution for building-wide networked system that maximizes the use of daylight while improving visual...architecture of Hybrid ILDC. Architecture: The system features wireless connectivity among sensors and actuators within a zone and exploits wired

GATEWAY Demonstrations: Tuning the Light in Senior Care: Evaluating a Trial LED Lighting System at the ACC Care Center in Sacramento, CA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Davis, Robert G.; Wilkerson, Andrea M.; Samla, Connie

The GATEWAY program documented the performance of tunable-white LED lighting systems installed in several spaces within the ACC Care Center, a senior-care facility in Sacramento, CA. The project results included energy savings and improved lighting quality, as well as other possible health-related benefits that may have been attributable, at least in part, to the lighting changes.

33 CFR 118.110 - Daymarks and lateral lighting on bridges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... bridges. 118.110 Section 118.110 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES BRIDGE LIGHTING AND OTHER SIGNALS § 118.110 Daymarks and lateral lighting on bridges. (a... through bridges with U.S. aids to navigation system lateral marks and lights installed on the...

46 CFR 129.440 - Emergency lighting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... INSTALLATIONS Lighting Systems § 129.440 Emergency lighting. (a) A vessel of less than 100 gross tons must have... working (machinery) spaces below the main deck. (b) The emergency lighting required by paragraph (a) of... to an automatic battery-charger; and (4) Of enough capacity for 6 hours of continuous operation. ...

33 CFR 118.110 - Daymarks and lateral lighting on bridges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... bridges. 118.110 Section 118.110 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES BRIDGE LIGHTING AND OTHER SIGNALS § 118.110 Daymarks and lateral lighting on bridges. (a... through bridges with U.S. aids to navigation system lateral marks and lights installed on the...

Reducing Barriers To The Use of High-Efficiency Lighting Systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Peter Morante

2005-12-31

With funding from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the Lighting Research Center (LRC) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute completed the four-year research project, Reducing Barriers to the Use of High-Efficiency Lighting Systems. The initial objectives were: (1) identifying barriers to widespread penetration of lighting controls in commercial/industrial (C/I) applications that employ fluorescent lamp technologies, and (2) making recommendations to overcome these barriers. The addition of a fourth year expanded the original project objectives to include an examination of the impact on fluorescent lamps from dimming utilizing different lamp electrode heating and dimming ratios. The scope of the project was narrowedmore » to identify barriers to the penetration of lighting controls into commercial-industrial (C/I) applications that employ fluorescent lamp technologies, and to recommend means for overcoming these barriers. Working with lighting manufacturers, specifiers, and installers, the project identified technological and marketing barriers to the widespread use of lighting controls, specifically automatic-off controls, occupancy sensors, photosensors, dimming systems, communication protocols and load-shedding ballasts. The primary barriers identified include cost effectiveness of lighting controls to the building owner, lack of standard communication protocols to allow different part of the control system to communicate effectively, and installation and commissioning issues. Overcoming the identified barriers requires lighting control products on the market to achieve three main goals: (1) Achieve sufficient functionality to meet the key requirements of their main market. (2) Allow significant cost reduction compared to current market standard systems. Cost should consider: hardware capital cost including wiring, design time required by the specifier and the control system manufacturer, installation time required by the electrician, and commissioning time and remedial time required by the electrician and end user. (3) Minimize ongoing perceived overhead costs and inconvenience to the end user, or in other words, systems should be simple to understand and use. In addition, we believe that no lighting controls solution is effective or acceptable unless it contributes to, or does not compromise, the following goals: (1) Productivity--Planning, installation, commissioning, maintenance, and use of controls should not decrease business productivity; (2) Energy savings--Lighting controls should save significant amounts of energy and money in relation to the expense involved in using them (acceptable payback period); and/or (3) Reduced power demand--Society as a whole should benefit from the lowered demand for expensive power and for more natural resources. Discussions of technology barriers and developments are insufficient by themselves to achieve higher penetration of lighting controls in the market place. Technology transfer efforts must play a key role in gaining market acceptance. The LRC developed a technology transfer model to better understand what actions are required and by whom to move any technology toward full market acceptance.« less

Installation of a second superconducting wiggler at SAGA-LS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kaneyasu, T., E-mail: kaneyasu@saga-ls.jp; Takabayashi, Y.; Iwasaki, Y.

The SAGA Light Source is a synchrotron radiation facility consisting of a 255 MeV injector linac and a 1.4 GeV storage ring with a circumference of 75.6 m. A superconducting wiggler (SCW) with a peak magnetic field of 4 T has been routinely operating for generating hard X-rays since its installation in 2010. In light of this success, it was decided to install a second SCW as a part of the beamline construction by Sumitomo Electric Industries. To achieve this, machine modifications including installation of a new magnet power supply, improvement of the magnet control system, and replacement of themore » vacuum chambers in the storage ring were carried out. Along with beamline construction, installation and commissioning of the second SCW are scheduled to take place in 2015.« less

Installation package for integrated programmable electronic controller and hydronic subsystem - solar heating and cooling

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

A description is given of the Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual and information on the power panel and programmable microprocessor, a hydronic solar pump system and a hydronic heating hot water pumping system. These systems are integrated into various configurations for usages in solar energy management, control and monitoring, lighting control, data logging and other solar related applications.

GATEWAY Report Brief: Tuning the Light in Classrooms: Evaluating Trial LED Lighting Systems in Three Classrooms at the Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District in Carrollton, TX

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

Summary of GATEWAY report evaluating a trial installation of tunable-white LED lighting systems in three classrooms in the Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District in Carrollton, TX. The report provides valuable insights into the use of this technology in a real-world setting.

GATEWAY Report: Tuning the Light in Classrooms: Evaluating Trial LED Lighting Systems in Three Classrooms at the Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District in Carrollton, TX

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Davis, Robert G.; Wilkerson, Andrea

The GATEWAY program evaluated a trial installation of tunable-white LED lighting systems in three classrooms in the Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District in Carrollton, TX. The report provides valuable insights into the use of this technology in a real-world setting.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sharp, M. Keith; Barnett, Russell

The objective of this project is to promote awareness and knowledge of active solar energy technologies by installing and monitoring the following demonstration systems in Kentucky: 1) Pool heating system, Churchill Park School, 2) Water heating and daylighting systems, Middletown and Aiken Road Elementary Schools, 3) Photovoltaic street light comparison, Louisville Metro, 4) up to 25 domestic water heating systems across Kentucky. These tasks will be supported by outreach activities, including a solar energy installer training workshop and a Kentucky Solar Energy Conference.

46 CFR 112.55-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false General. 112.55-1 Section 112.55-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-1 General. Each storage battery installation must meet Subpart 111...

46 CFR 112.55-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false General. 112.55-1 Section 112.55-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-1 General. Each storage battery installation must meet Subpart 111...

46 CFR 112.55-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false General. 112.55-1 Section 112.55-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-1 General. Each storage battery installation must meet Subpart 111...

46 CFR 112.55-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false General. 112.55-1 Section 112.55-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-1 General. Each storage battery installation must meet Subpart 111...

46 CFR 112.55-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false General. 112.55-1 Section 112.55-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-1 General. Each storage battery installation must meet Subpart 111...

Final Environmental Assessment for the Installation of a Range Safety Lighting System at Avon Park Air Force Range, Florida

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-08-01

considered with other activities that require additional artificial night lighting. For instance, the development of the new town of Destiny planned...Mobarkey, M. Barak, A. Hoyzman, and O. Halevy, 2004. Monochromatic Light Stimuli During Embryogenesis Enhances Embryo Development and Posthatch

What Factors Affect the Prices of Low-Priced U.S. Solar PV Systems?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nemet, Gregory F.; O'Shaughnessy, Eric; Wiser, Ryan

The price of solar PV systems has declined rapidly, yet there are some much lower-priced systems than others. This study explores the factors leading some systems to be so much lower priced than others. Using a data set of 42,611 residential-scale PV systems installed in the U.S. in 2013, we use quantile regressions to estimate the importance of factors affecting the installed prices for low-priced (LP) systems (those at the 10th percentile) in comparison to median-priced systems. We find that the value of solar to consumers–a variable that accounts for subsidies, electric rates, and PV generation levels–is associated with lowermore » prices for LP systems but higher prices for median priced systems. Conversely, systems installed in new home construction are associated with lower prices at the median but higher prices for LP. Other variables have larger cost-reducing effects on LP than on median priced systems: systems installed in Arizona and Florida, as well as commercial and thin film systems. In contrast, the following have a smaller effect on prices for LP systems than median priced systems: tracking systems, self-installations, systems installed in Massachusetts, the system size, and installer experience. These results highlight the complex factors at play that lead to LP systems and shed light into how such LP systems can come about.« less

What factors affect the prices of low-priced U.S. solar PV systems?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nemet, Gregory F.; O'Shaughnessy, Eric; Wiser, Ryan

The price of solar PV systems has declined rapidly, yet there are some much lower-priced systems than others. This study explores the factors that determine prices in these low-priced (LP) systems. Using a data set of 42,611 residential-scale PV systems installed in the U.S. in 2013, we use quantile regressions to estimate the importance of factors affecting the installed prices for LP systems (those at the 10th percentile) in comparison to median-priced systems. We find that the value of solar to consumers-a variable that accounts for subsidies, electric rates, and PV generation levels-is associated with lower prices for LP systemsmore » but higher prices for median priced systems. Conversely, systems installed in new home construction are associated with lower prices at the median but higher prices for LP. Other variables have larger price-reducing effects on LP than on median priced systems: systems installed in Arizona and Florida, as well as commercial and thin film systems. In contrast, the following have a smaller effect on prices for LP systems than median priced systems: tracking systems, self-installations, systems installed in Massachusetts, the system size, and installer experience. Furthermore, these results highlight the complex factors at play that lead to LP systems and shed light into how such LP systems can come about.« less

What factors affect the prices of low-priced U.S. solar PV systems?

DOE PAGES

Nemet, Gregory F.; O'Shaughnessy, Eric; Wiser, Ryan; ...

2017-08-09

The price of solar PV systems has declined rapidly, yet there are some much lower-priced systems than others. This study explores the factors that determine prices in these low-priced (LP) systems. Using a data set of 42,611 residential-scale PV systems installed in the U.S. in 2013, we use quantile regressions to estimate the importance of factors affecting the installed prices for LP systems (those at the 10th percentile) in comparison to median-priced systems. We find that the value of solar to consumers-a variable that accounts for subsidies, electric rates, and PV generation levels-is associated with lower prices for LP systemsmore » but higher prices for median priced systems. Conversely, systems installed in new home construction are associated with lower prices at the median but higher prices for LP. Other variables have larger price-reducing effects on LP than on median priced systems: systems installed in Arizona and Florida, as well as commercial and thin film systems. In contrast, the following have a smaller effect on prices for LP systems than median priced systems: tracking systems, self-installations, systems installed in Massachusetts, the system size, and installer experience. Furthermore, these results highlight the complex factors at play that lead to LP systems and shed light into how such LP systems can come about.« less

46 CFR 112.55-15 - Capacity of storage batteries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Capacity of storage batteries. 112.55-15 Section 112.55... LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-15 Capacity of storage batteries. (a) A storage battery for an emergency lighting and power system must have the capacity— (1) To close all...

46 CFR 112.55-15 - Capacity of storage batteries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Capacity of storage batteries. 112.55-15 Section 112.55... LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-15 Capacity of storage batteries. (a) A storage battery for an emergency lighting and power system must have the capacity— (1) To close all...

46 CFR 112.55-15 - Capacity of storage batteries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Capacity of storage batteries. 112.55-15 Section 112.55... LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-15 Capacity of storage batteries. (a) A storage battery for an emergency lighting and power system must have the capacity— (1) To close all...

46 CFR 112.55-15 - Capacity of storage batteries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Capacity of storage batteries. 112.55-15 Section 112.55... LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-15 Capacity of storage batteries. (a) A storage battery for an emergency lighting and power system must have the capacity— (1) To close all...

46 CFR 112.55-15 - Capacity of storage batteries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Capacity of storage batteries. 112.55-15 Section 112.55... LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-15 Capacity of storage batteries. (a) A storage battery for an emergency lighting and power system must have the capacity— (1) To close all...

46 CFR 112.55-10 - Storage battery charging.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Storage battery charging. 112.55-10 Section 112.55-10... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-10 Storage battery charging. (a) Each storage battery installation for emergency lighting and power, and starting batteries for an emergency diesel or...

46 CFR 112.55-10 - Storage battery charging.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Storage battery charging. 112.55-10 Section 112.55-10... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-10 Storage battery charging. (a) Each storage battery installation for emergency lighting and power, and starting batteries for an emergency diesel or...

46 CFR 112.55-10 - Storage battery charging.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Storage battery charging. 112.55-10 Section 112.55-10... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-10 Storage battery charging. (a) Each storage battery installation for emergency lighting and power, and starting batteries for an emergency diesel or...

46 CFR 112.55-10 - Storage battery charging.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Storage battery charging. 112.55-10 Section 112.55-10... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-10 Storage battery charging. (a) Each storage battery installation for emergency lighting and power, and starting batteries for an emergency diesel or...

46 CFR 112.55-10 - Storage battery charging.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Storage battery charging. 112.55-10 Section 112.55-10... AND POWER SYSTEMS Storage Battery Installation § 112.55-10 Storage battery charging. (a) Each storage battery installation for emergency lighting and power, and starting batteries for an emergency diesel or...

Oregon Green Light CVO evaluation : final report : executive summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-04-01

This report summarizes the findings of all of the Detailed Test Plans conducted for the evaluation of the Oregon Green Light Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) project. This project was responsible for the installation of 21 systems containing weigh...

A new dump system design for stray light reduction of Thomson scattering diagnostic system on EAST.

PubMed

Xiao, Shumei; Zang, Qing; Han, Xiaofeng; Wang, Tengfei; Yu, Jin; Zhao, Junyu

2016-07-01

Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostic is an important diagnostic for measuring electron temperature and density during plasma discharge. However, the measurement of Thomson scattering signal is disturbed by the stray light easily. The stray light sources in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) TS diagnostic system were analyzed by a simulation model of the diagnostic system, and simulation results show that the dump system is the primary stray light source. Based on the optics theory and the simulation analysis, a novel dump system including an improved beam trap was proposed and installed. The measurement results indicate that the new dump system can reduce more than 60% of the stray light for the diagnostic system, and the influence of stray light on the error of measured density decreases.

System Would Predictively Preempt Traffic Lights for Emergency Vehicles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bachelder, Aaron; Foster, Conrad

2004-01-01

Two electronic communication-and-control systems have been proposed as means of modifying the switching of traffic lights to give priority to emergency vehicles. Both systems would utilize the inductive loops already installed in the streets of many municipalities to detect vehicles for timing the switching of traffic lights. The proposed systems could be used alone or to augment other automated emergency traffic-light preemption systems that are already present in some municipalities, including systems that recognize flashing lights or siren sounds or that utilize information on the positions of emergency vehicles derived from the Global Positioning System (GPS). Systems that detect flashing lights and siren sounds are limited in range, cannot "see" or "hear" well around corners, and are highly vulnerable to noise. GPS-based systems are effective in rural areas and small cities, but are often ineffective in large cities because of frequent occultation of GPS satellite signals by large structures. In contrast, the proposed traffic-loop forward prediction system would be relatively invulnerable to noise, would not be subject to significant range limitations, and would function well in large cities -- even in such places as underneath bridges and in tunnels, where GPS-based systems do not work. One proposed system has been characterized as "car-active" because each participating emergency vehicle would be equipped with a computer and a radio transceiver that would communicate with stationary transceivers at the traffic loops. The other proposed system has been characterized as "car-passive" because a passive radio transponder would be installed on the underside of a participating vehicle.

The design of a wireless batteryless biflash installation with high power LEDs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cappelle, J.; De Geest, W.; Hanselaer, P.

2011-05-01

Adding flashlights at crosswalks may make these weak traffic points safer. Unfortunately plugging in traffic lights into the electrical grid is expensive and complex. This paper reports about the energetic, the electronic and the optical design and building of a wireless and batteryless biflash installation in the framework of a flemish SME supporting program. The energy is supplied by a small solar panel and is buffered by supercapacitors instead of batteries. This has the advantage of being maintenance free: the number of charge-discharge cycles is almost unlimited because there is no chemical reaction involved in the storage mechanism. On the other hand the limited energy storage capacity of supercapacitors requires a new approach for the system design. Based on the EN-12352 standard for warning light devices, all design choices were filled in to be as energy efficient as possible. The duty cycle and the light output of the high power led flashlights are minimized. The components for the electronic circuits for the led driver, the control and the RF communication are selected based on their energy consumption and power management techniques are implemented. A lot of energy is saved by making the biflash system active. The leds are only flashing on demand or at preprogrammed moments. A biflash installation is typically installed at both sides of a crosswalk. A call at one of the sides should result in flashing at both sides. To maintain the drag and drop principle, a wireless RF communication system is designed.

GATEWAY Report Brief: Tunable-White Lighting at the ACC Care Center

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

Summary of a GATEWAY program report that documented the performance of tunable-white LED lighting systems installed in several spaces within the ACC Care Center, a senior-care facility in Sacramento, CA. The project results included energy savings and improved lighting quality, as well as other possible health-related benefits that may have been attributable, at least in part, to the lighting changes.

Accomplishments under the Airport Improvement Program: Fiscal Year 1988

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

PATTERSON 03 $230,000 REHABILITATE RUNWAY LIGHTING; RELOCATE HARRY P WILLIAMS MEMORIAL ELECTRIC VAULT AND VISUAL APPROACH AIDS; (GENERAL AVIATION...650,000 CONSTRUCT TAXIWAY AND APRON (SITE ERNEST A LOVE FIELD PREPARATION) (COMMERCIAL SERVICE) SEDONA 04 $210,804 CONSTRUCT AND LIGHT APRON SEDONA...INSTALL INSTRUMENT LANDING AND APPROACH LIGHTING SYSTEMS; ACQUIRE LAND FOR DEVELOPMENT AND APPROACHES TEXARKANA 06 $802,484 RECONSTRUCT, OVERLAY AND LIGHT

Demonstration Assessment of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Parking Lot Lighting in Leavenworth, KS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Myer, Michael; Kinzey, Bruce R.; Curry, Ku'uipo

2011-05-06

This report describes the process and results of a demonstration of solid-state lighting (SSL) technology in a commercial parking lot lighting application, under the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Solid-State Lighting Technology GATEWAY Demonstration Program. The parking lot is for customers and employees of a Walmart Supercenter in Leavenworth, Kansas and this installation represents the first use of the LED Parking Lot Performance Specification developed by the DOE’s Commercial Building Energy Alliance. The application is a parking lot covering more than a half million square feet, lighted primarily by light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Metal halide wall packs were installed along themore » building facade. This site is new construction, so the installed baseline(s) were hypothetical designs. It was acknowledged early on that deviating from Walmart’s typical design would reduce the illuminance on the site. Walmart primarily uses 1000W pulse-start metal halide (PMH) lamps. In order to provide a comparison between both typical design and a design using conventional luminaires providing a lower illuminance, a 400W PMH design was also considered. As mentioned already, the illuminance would be reduced by shifting from the PMH system to the LED system. The Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IES) provides recommended minimum illuminance values for parking lots. All designs exceeded the recommended illuminance values in IES RP-20, some by a wider margin than others. Energy savings from installing the LED system compared to the different PMH systems varied. Compared to the 1000W PMH system, the LED system would save 63 percent of the energy. However, this corresponds to a 68 percent reduction in illuminance as well. In comparison to the 400W PMH system, the LED system would save 44 percent of the energy and provide similar minimum illuminance values at the time of relamping. The LED system cost more than either of the PMH systems when comparing initial costs. However, when the life-cycle costs from energy and maintenance were factored into the scenario, the LED system had lower costs at the end of a 10-year analysis period. The LED system had a 6.1 year payback compared to the 1000W PMH system and a 7.5 year payback versus the 400W PMH system. The costs reflect high initial cost for the LED luminaire, plus more luminaires and (subsequently) more poles for the LED system. The other major issue affecting cost effectiveness was that Leavenworth, Kansas has very low electricity costs. The melded rate for this site was $0.056 per kWh for electricity. However, if the national electricity rate of $0.1022/kWh was used the payback would change to between four and five years for the LED system. This demonstration met the GATEWAY requirements of saving energy, matching or improving illumination, and being cost effective. The project also demonstrated that the Commercial Building Energy Alliance (CBEA) specification works in practice. Walmart appreciated having an entire site lighted by LEDs to gain more experience with the technology. Walmart is reviewing the results of the demonstration as they consider their entire real estate portfolio.« less

Final Technical Report: Commercial Advanced Lighting Control (ALC) Demonstration and Deployment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arnold, Gabe

This three-year demonstration and deployment project sought to address market barriers to accelerating the adoption of Advanced Lighting Controls (ALCs), an underutilized technology with low market penetration. ALCs are defined as networked, addressable lighting control systems that utilize software or intelligent controllers to combine multiple energy-saving lighting control strategies in a single space (e.g., smart-time scheduling, daylight harvesting, task tuning, occupancy control, personal control, variable load-shedding, and plug-load control). The networked intelligent aspect of these systems allows applicable lighting control strategies to be combined in a single space, layered over one another, maximizing overall energy-savings. The project included five realmore » building demonstrations of ALCs across the Northeast US region. The demonstrations provided valuable data and experience to support deployment tasks that are necessary to overcome market barriers. These deployment tasks included development of training resources for building designers, installers, and trades, as well as development of new energy efficiency rebates for the technology from Efficiency Forward’s utility partners. Educating designers, installers, and trades on ALCs is a critical task for reducing the cost of the technology that is currently inflated due to perceived complexity and unfamiliarity with how to design and install the systems. Further, utility and non-utility energy efficiency programs continue to relegate the technology to custom or ill-suited prescriptive program designs that do not effectively deploy the technology at scale. This project developed new, scalable rebate approaches for the technology. Efficiency Forward utilized their DesignLights Consortium® (DLC) brand and network of 81 DLC member utilities to develop and deploy the results of the project. The outputs of the project have included five published case studies, a six-hour ALC technology training curriculum that has already been deployed in five US states, and new rebates offered for the technology that have been deployed by a dozen utilities across the US. Widespread adoption of ALC technology in commercial buildings would provide tremendous benefits. The current market penetration of ALC systems is estimated at <0.1% in commercial buildings. If ALC systems were installed in all commercial buildings, approximately 1,051 TBtu of energy could be saved. This would translate into customer cost savings of approximately $10.7 billion annually.« less

Research on starlight hardware-in-the-loop simulator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Ying; Gao, Yang; Qu, Huiyang; Liu, Dongfang; Du, Huijie; Lei, Jie

2016-10-01

The starlight navigation is considered to be one of the most important methods for spacecraft navigation. Starlight simulation system is a high-precision system with large fields of view, designed to test the starlight navigation sensor performance on the ground. A complete hardware-in-the-loop simulation of the system has been built. The starlight simulator is made up of light source, light source controller, light filter, LCD, collimator and control computer. LCD is the key display component of the system, and is installed at the focal point of the collimator. For the LCD cannot emit light itself, so light source and light source power controller is specially designed for the brightness demanded by the LCD. Light filter is designed for the dark background which is also needed in the simulation.

A new dump system design for stray light reduction of Thomson scattering diagnostic system on EAST

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Xiao, Shumei; Zang, Qing, E-mail: zangq@ipp.ac.cn; Han, Xiaofeng

Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostic is an important diagnostic for measuring electron temperature and density during plasma discharge. However, the measurement of Thomson scattering signal is disturbed by the stray light easily. The stray light sources in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) TS diagnostic system were analyzed by a simulation model of the diagnostic system, and simulation results show that the dump system is the primary stray light source. Based on the optics theory and the simulation analysis, a novel dump system including an improved beam trap was proposed and installed. The measurement results indicate that the new dump systemmore » can reduce more than 60% of the stray light for the diagnostic system, and the influence of stray light on the error of measured density decreases.« less

Watch the lights. A visual communication system.

PubMed

Rahtz, S K

1989-01-01

The trend for hospitals to market their emergency care services results in a greater demand on radiology departments, states Ms. Rahtz. Radiology must provide efficient service to both departments, even when it is difficult to predict patient flow in the emergency care center. Improved communication is the key, and a light system installed at Morton Plant Hospital is one alternative for solving the problem.

46 CFR 195.05-1 - Installation and details.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS VESSEL... of this type include the following: Ship's Service Generating Systems. Ship's Service Power... Lighting and Power Systems. Electric Lifeboat Winch Systems. Electric Steering Gear and Steering Control...

New Report Shines Light on Installed Costs and Deployment Barriers for

Science.gov Websites

Laboratory (NREL) are making available the most detailed component and system-level cost breakdowns to date previously unknown soft costs for the first time. The report, titled "Installed Cost Benchmarks and interest in pairing distributed PV with storage, but there's a lack of publicly available cost data and

GATEWAY Demonstrations: Tuning Hospital Lighting: Evaluating Tunable LED Lighting at the Swedish Hospital Behavioral Health Unit in Seattle

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilkerson, Andrea; Davis, Robert G.; Clark, Edward

The GATEWAY program evaluated a tunable LED lighting system installed in the new Swedish Medical Behavioral Health Unit in Seattle that incorporates color-tunable luminaires in common areas, and uses advanced controls for dimming and color tuning, with the goal of providing a better environment for staff and patients. The report reviews the design of the tunable lighting system, summarizes two sets of measurements, and discusses the circadian, energy, and commissioning implications as well as lessons learned from the project.

The introduction of space technology power systems into developing countries

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roberts, Allen F.; Ratajczak, Anthony F.

1989-01-01

Between 1978 and 1984, NASA-Lewis was responsible for the design, fabrication, installation and operational support of 57 photovoltaic power systems in 27 countries. These systems were installed in locations not served by a central power system and ranged in size from 40 W for powering street lights to 29 kW for providing power to a complete village. Several of the system projects had socio/economic studies components that provided for an assessment of how the introduction of both electricity and a novel high technology power system affected the users and their society.

The Architect's Guide to Mechanical Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrews, F. T.

The principles and problems of designing new building mechanical systems are discussed in this reference source in the light of data on the functions and operation of mechanical systems. As a practical guide to understanding mechanical systems it describes system types, functions, space requirements, weights, installation, maintenance and…

Blind spot monitoring in light vehicles -- system performance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-07-01

This report summarizes findings of a small population study of blind spot monitoring systems (BSM) installed by : original vehicle manufacturers on standard production vehicles. The primary goals of these tests were to simulate real-world driving sce...

29 CFR 1910.160 - Fixed extinguishing systems, general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... sprinkler systems which are covered by § 1910.159. (2) This section also applies to fixed systems not.... (3) Systems otherwise covered in paragraph (a)(2) of this section which are installed in areas with... light levels, on all extinguishing systems in those portions of the workplace covered by the...

14 CFR 151.87 - Lighting and electrical work: Standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... participate in the costs of runway lighting is eligible for the installing of an airport beacon, lighted wind... percent U.S. participation in the costs of high intensity runway edge lighting (or the allowable.... share of the cost of runway edge lighting is 50 percent of the cost of the lighting installed but not...

14 CFR 151.87 - Lighting and electrical work: Standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... participate in the costs of runway lighting is eligible for the installing of an airport beacon, lighted wind... percent U.S. participation in the costs of high intensity runway edge lighting (or the allowable.... share of the cost of runway edge lighting is 50 percent of the cost of the lighting installed but not...

14 CFR 151.87 - Lighting and electrical work: Standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... participate in the costs of runway lighting is eligible for the installing of an airport beacon, lighted wind... percent U.S. participation in the costs of high intensity runway edge lighting (or the allowable.... share of the cost of runway edge lighting is 50 percent of the cost of the lighting installed but not...

14 CFR 151.87 - Lighting and electrical work: Standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... participate in the costs of runway lighting is eligible for the installing of an airport beacon, lighted wind... percent U.S. participation in the costs of high intensity runway edge lighting (or the allowable.... share of the cost of runway edge lighting is 50 percent of the cost of the lighting installed but not...

14 CFR 151.87 - Lighting and electrical work: Standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... participate in the costs of runway lighting is eligible for the installing of an airport beacon, lighted wind... percent U.S. participation in the costs of high intensity runway edge lighting (or the allowable.... share of the cost of runway edge lighting is 50 percent of the cost of the lighting installed but not...

46 CFR 169.673 - Installation of wiring for power and lighting circuits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Installation of wiring for power and lighting circuits... SCHOOLS SAILING SCHOOL VESSELS Machinery and Electrical Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of Less Than 50 Volts on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons § 169.673 Installation of wiring for...

Optical Fiber Connection Navigation System Using Visible Light Communication in Central Office with Economic Evaluation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Waki, Masaki; Uruno, Shigenori; Ohashi, Hiroyuki; Manabe, Tetsuya; Azuma, Yuji

We propose an optical fiber connection navigation system that uses visible light communication for an integrated distribution module in a central office. The system realizes an accurate database, requires less skilled work to operate and eliminates human error. This system can achieve a working time reduction of up to 88.0% compared with the conventional work without human error for the connection/removal of optical fiber cords, and is economical as regards installation and operation.

Pilot Evaluations of Runway Status Light System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Young, Steven D.; Wills, Robert W.; Smith, R. Marshall

1996-01-01

This study focuses on use of the Transport Systems Research Vehicle (TSRV) Simulator at the Langley Research Center to obtain pilot opinion and input on the Federal Aviation Administration's Runway Status Light System (RWSL) prior to installation in an operational airport environment. The RWSL has been designed to reduce the likelihood of runway incursions by visually alerting pilots when a runway is occupied. Demonstrations of the RWSL in the TSRV Simulator allowed pilots to evaluate the system in a realistic cockpit environment.

Lighting Systems For High Speed Photography Applying Special Metal Halide Discharge Lamps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gillum, Keith M.; Steuernagel, K. H.

1983-03-01

High speed photography requires, in addition to a good color quality of the light source, a very high level of illumination. Conventional lighting systems utilizing incandescent lamps or other metal halide lamp types has inherent problems of inefficient light output or poor color quality. Heat generated by incandescent lamps and the power these sources require drive up operating and installation costs. A most economical and practical solution was devised by using the metal halide discharge lamp developed by OSRAM, GmbH of Munich, West Germany. This lamp trade marked the HMITM Metallogen was primarily developed for the needs of the television and motion picture film industry. Due to their high efficiency and other consistent operating qualities these lamps also fulfill the needs of high speed photography, e.g. in crash test facilities, when special engineering activities are carried out. The OSRAM HMITM lamp is an AC discharge metal halide lamp with rare earth additives to increase both the efficiency and light output qualities. Since the lamp is an AC source, a special method had to be developed to overcome the strobing effect, which is normal for AC lamps given their modulated light output, when used with high speed cameras, (e.g. with >1000 fps). This method is based on an increased frequency for the lamp supply voltage coupled with a mix of the light output achieved using a multiphase mains power supply. First developed in 1977, this system using the OSRAM HMITM lamps was installed in a crash test facility of a major automotive manufacturer in West Germany. The design resulted in the best lighting and performance ever experienced. Since that time several other motor companies have made use of this breakthrough. Industrial and scientific users are now considering additional applications use of this advanced high speed lighting system.

Intersection Monitor for Traffic-Light-Preemption System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bachelder, Aaron; Foster, Conrad

2006-01-01

The figure shows an intersection monitor that is a key subsystem of an emergency traffic-light-preemption system that could be any of the systems described in the three immediately preceding articles and in Systems Would Preempt Traffic Lights for Emergency Vehicles (NPO-30573), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 28, No. 10 (October 2004), page 36. This unit is so named because it is installed at an intersection, where it monitors the phases (in the sense of timing) of the traffic lights. The mode of operation of this monitor is independent of the type of traffic-light-controller hardware or software in use at the intersection. Moreover, the design of the monitor is such that (1) the monitor does not, by itself, affect the operation of the traffic- light controller and (2) in the event of a failure of the monitor, the trafficlight controller continues to function normally (albeit without preemption). The monitor is installed in series with the traffic-light controller at an intersection. The control signals of interest are monitored by use of high-impedance taps on affected control lines. These taps are fully isolated and further protected by high-voltage diodes that prevent any voltages or short circuits that arise within the monitor from affecting the controller. The signals from the taps are processed digitally and cleaned up by use of high-speed logic gates, and the resulting data are passed on to other parts of the traffic-light-preemption intersection subsystem. The data are compared continuously with data from vehicles and used to calculate timing for reliable preemption of the traffic lights. The pedestrian crossing at the intersection is also monitored, and pedestrians are warned not to cross during preemption.

46 CFR 112.30-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having an Automatically Connected Storage Battery as the Sole Emergency Power Source § 112.30-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having...

46 CFR 112.30-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having an Automatically Connected Storage Battery as the Sole Emergency Power Source § 112.30-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having...

46 CFR 112.30-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having an Automatically Connected Storage Battery as the Sole Emergency Power Source § 112.30-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having...

46 CFR 112.30-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having an Automatically Connected Storage Battery as the Sole Emergency Power Source § 112.30-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having...

46 CFR 112.30-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having an Automatically Connected Storage Battery as the Sole Emergency Power Source § 112.30-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having...

Illumination PV systems for 122 Indian school-homes under Mexican technology

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

del Valle, J.L.; Flores, C.; Tikasing, G.

1982-09-01

One hundred twenty-two PV systems, each of 65 pk watts, were installed for electrical lighting in school-homes for Indian children under one of the national educational programs. This project has benefitted at least 5000 children in nine Mexican States. The main characteristic of the systems is that they were designed, contructed and installed using Mexican Technology. Special attention was given to the didactic and anthropological aspects involved in the use of the systems in the Indian communities. The project was completed within the specified period of 12 months, at a cost of 0.5 million U.S. Dlls.

46 CFR 183.376 - Grounded distribution systems (neutral grounded).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION Power Sources and Distribution Systems § 183.376... propulsion, power, lighting, or distribution system having a neutral bus or conductor must have the neutral... 46 Shipping 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Grounded distribution systems (neutral grounded). 183...

FIR Light Microscopy Module Set Up

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-11-09

ISS021-E-022457 (9 Nov. 2009) --- NASA astronaut Nicole Stott, Expedition 21 flight engineer, uses a communication system while installing the Light Microscopy Module (LMM) Spindle Bracket Assembly in the Fluids Integrated Rack (FIR) in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station. Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk (out of frame) assisted Stott.

Performance evaluation of the use of photovoltaics to power a street light in Lowell

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Crowell, Adam B.

Commercial, off-grid photovoltaic (PV) lighting systems present an attractive alternative to traditional outdoor lighting at sites where grid power is unavailable or unreliable. This study presents a comprehensive theoretical site analysis for the installation of standalone PV lighting systems at the Lowell National Historic Park in Lowell, MA. Detailed insolation studies are performed at the target site, resulting in expected daily Watt-hour totals available for battery charging for each month of the year. Illumination simulations are presented, detailing the expected lighting performance of the systems at night. Light levels are compared to those dictated by accepted standards. While it is acknowledged that the target site presents significant challenges to photovoltaics, such as severe shading, final system component specifications are provided, along with programming and positioning recommendations that will yield the best achievable performance.

View of STS-134 Crew Members during EVA-1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-20

S134-E-009265 (20 May 2011) --- NASA astronauts Andrew Feustel (right) and Greg Chamitoff, both STS-134 mission specialists, participate in the mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 19-minute spacewalk, Feustel and Chamitoff retrieved long-duration materials exposure experiments and installed another, installed a light on one of the station?s rail line handcarts, made preparations for adding ammonia to a cooling loop and installed an antenna for the External Wireless Communication system. The newly-installed Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) is at center frame. Photo credit: NASA

View of STS-134 Crew Members during EVA-1

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-20

S134-E-009267 (20 May 2011) --- NASA astronauts Andrew Feustel (right) and Greg Chamitoff, both STS-134 mission specialists, participate in the mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 19-minute spacewalk, Feustel and Chamitoff retrieved long-duration materials exposure experiments and installed another, installed a light on one of the station?s rail line handcarts, made preparations for adding ammonia to a cooling loop and installed an antenna for the External Wireless Communication system. The newly-installed Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) is at lower center frame. Photo credit: NASA

Analysis of AC and DC Lighting Systems with 150-Watt Peak Solar Panel in Denpasar Based on NASA Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Narottama, A. A. N. M.; Amerta Yasa, K.; Suwardana, I. W.; Sapteka, A. A. N. G.; Priambodo, P. S.

2018-01-01

Solar energy on the Earth’s surface has different magnitudes on every longitude and latitude. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) provides surface meteorology and solar energy database which can be accessed openly online. This database delivers information about Monthly Averaged Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface, Monthly Averaged Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface At Indicated GMT Times and also data about Equivalent Number Of No-Sun Or Black Days for any latitude and longitude. Therefore, we investigate the lighting systems with 150-Watt peak solar panel in Denpasar City, the capital province of Bali. Based on NASA data, we analyse the received wattage by a unit of 150-Watt peak solar panel in Denpasar City and the sustainability of 150-Watt peak solar panel to supply energy for 432-Watt hour/day AC and 360-Watt hour/day DC lighting systems using 1.2 kWh battery. The result shows that the maximum received wattage by a unit of 150-Watt peak solar panel is 0.76 kW/day in October. We concluded that the 1.2 kWh installed battery has higher capacity than the battery capacity needed in March, the month with highest no-sun days, for both AC and DC lighting systems. We calculate that the installed battery can be used to store the sustainable energy from sun needed by AC and DC lighting system for about 2.78 days and 3.51 days, consecutively.

Adapting Wireless Technology to Lighting Control and Environmental Sensing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dana Teasdale; Francis Rubinstein; Dave Watson

The high cost of retrofitting buildings with advanced lighting control systems is a barrier to adoption of this energy-saving technology. Wireless technology, however, offers a solution to mounting installation costs since it requires no additional wiring to implement. To demonstrate the feasibility of such a system, a prototype wirelessly-controlled advanced lighting system was designed and built. The system includes the following components: a wirelessly-controllable analog circuit module (ACM), a wirelessly-controllable electronic dimmable ballast, a T8 3-lamp fixture, an environmental multi-sensor, a current transducer, and control software. The ACM, dimmable ballast, multi-sensor, and current transducer were all integrated with SmartMesh{trademark} wirelessmore » mesh networking nodes, called motes, enabling wireless communication, sensor monitoring, and actuator control. Each mote-enabled device has a reliable communication path to the SmartMesh Manager, a single board computer that controls network functions and connects the wireless network to a PC running lighting control software. The ACM is capable of locally driving one or more standard 0-10 Volt electronic dimmable ballasts through relay control and a 0-10 Volt controllable output. The mote-integrated electronic dimmable ballast is designed to drive a standard 3-lamp T8 light fixture. The environmental multi-sensor measures occupancy, light level and temperature. The current transducer is used to measure the power consumed by the fixture. Control software was developed to implement advanced lighting algorithms, including daylight ramping, occupancy control, and demand response. Engineering prototypes of each component were fabricated and tested in a bench-scale system. Based on standard industry practices, a cost analysis was conducted. It is estimated that the installation cost of a wireless advanced lighting control system for a retrofit application is at least 30% lower than a comparable wired system for a typical 16,000 square-foot office building, with a payback period of less than 3 years.« less

GATEWAY Report Brief: Evaluating Tunable LED Lighting in the Swedish Medical Behavioral Health Unit

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

Summary of a GATEWAY report evaluation of a tunable LED lighting system installed in the new Swedish Medical Behavioral Health Unit in Seattle that incorporates color-tunable luminaires in common areas, and uses advanced controls for dimming and color tuning, with the goal of providing a better environment for staff and patients. The report reviews the design of the tunable lighting system, summarizes two sets of measurements, and discusses the circadian, energy, and commissioning implications as well as lessons learned from the project.

Communicating awareness of light pollution with the schools in Nepal

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Acharya, Jayanta

2015-08-01

Nepal is also highly polluted by the lights and other dusts partials, but lacks the formal education of light pollutions and effect of light for astronomy observations. When we get Sky Quality Meter (SQM) last year (2014) we have installed it in Kathmandu.This paper will highlight about installation SQM in Nepal, measurement of brightness of the night sky in magnitudes per square arc second. Research work of light pollution of Kathmandu will be more in focus. Highlight of the Astronomy programs by different Schools in Nepal along with the background of coverage of Astronomy education in the syllables of different education level. The various procedure , technique and idea used in providing the space education through different activities and program to school studentsThe paper will also deal with the Importance of light and use of artificial light. Beside it will also highlight the possibility of development of various observatories in Nepal because of its tremendous topography increasing the Astro tourism in Nepal.Hence the paper would focus on the light pollution of the city like Kathmandu and light system in Nepal and Astronomy education to its implementation along with its outreach to Nepalese society.

Measurement of the attenuation length of argon scintillation light in the ArDM LAr TPC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Calvo, J.; Cantini, C.; Crivelli, P.; Daniel, M.; Di Luise, S.; Gendotti, A.; Horikawa, S.; Molina-Bueno, L.; Montes, B.; Mu, W.; Murphy, S.; Natterer, G.; Nguyen, K.; Periale, L.; Quan, Y.; Radics, B.; Regenfus, C.; Romero, L.; Rubbia, A.; Santorelli, R.; Sergiampietri, F.; Viant, T.; Wu, S.

2018-01-01

We report on a measurement of the attenuation length for the scintillation light in the tonne size liquid argon target of the ArDM dark matter experiment. The data was recorded in the first underground operation of the experiment in single-phase operational mode. The results were achieved by comparing the light yield spectra from 39Ar and 83mKr to a description of the ArDM setup with a model of full light ray tracing. A relatively low value close to 0.5 m was found for the attenuation length of the liquid argon bulk to its own scintillation light. We interpret this result as a presence of optically active impurities in the liquid argon which are not filtered by the installed purification systems. We also present analyses of the argon gas employed for the filling and discuss cross sections in the vacuum ultraviolet of various molecules in respect to purity requirements in the context of large liquid argon installations.

46 CFR 112.20-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having a Temporary and a Final Emergency Power Source § 112.20-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having both a temporary and a final...

46 CFR 112.20-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having a Temporary and a Final Emergency Power Source § 112.20-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having both a temporary and a final...

46 CFR 112.20-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having a Temporary and a Final Emergency Power Source § 112.20-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having both a temporary and a final...

46 CFR 112.20-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having a Temporary and a Final Emergency Power Source § 112.20-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having both a temporary and a final...

46 CFR 112.20-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS Emergency Systems Having a Temporary and a Final Emergency Power Source § 112.20-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having both a temporary and a final...

Design of Automatic Intensity Varying Smart Street Lighting System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gupta, Ashutosh; Gupta, Shipra

2017-08-01

The paper is proposed with an aim of power conservation. In this era of development, it is essential to develop a streetlight that turns on and off automatically without human interference. To achieve this light sensor have been placed in each panel which turns the street light on and off automatically. For energy conservation cool-white LED’s have been used in street light panel and dimmer modules have been installed which changes the intensity of the streetlight depending on the darkness.

49 CFR 234.253 - Flashing light units and lamp voltage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Flashing light units and lamp voltage. 234.253....253 Flashing light units and lamp voltage. (a) Each flashing light unit shall be inspected when... with installation specifications. (b) Lamp voltage shall be tested when installed and at least once...

49 CFR 234.253 - Flashing light units and lamp voltage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Flashing light units and lamp voltage. 234.253....253 Flashing light units and lamp voltage. (a) Each flashing light unit shall be inspected when... with installation specifications. (b) Lamp voltage shall be tested when installed and at least once...

49 CFR 234.253 - Flashing light units and lamp voltage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Flashing light units and lamp voltage. 234.253....253 Flashing light units and lamp voltage. (a) Each flashing light unit shall be inspected when... with installation specifications. (b) Lamp voltage shall be tested when installed and at least once...

Defense Small Business Innovation Research Program (SBIR) FY 1983.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-31

matching networks for application in the frequency band below 30 MHz. The antenna should be light - weight, rapidly erectable and capable of operation while...munitions concealed within this terrain. m. More Efficient Utilization of Fuel in Light Trucks and Off-Road Vehi- cles (11) Current research is focusing on...affixed. The material must be light - * weight, small, and inexpensive to buy and install. d. Hard Coatings for Optical Systems (7) Broadband sensors

Computational Modeling to Limit the Impact Displays and Indicator Lights Have on Habitable Volume Operational Lighting Constraints

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clark, T. A.; Salazar, G. A.; Brainard, G. C.; Kolomenski, A.; Hanifin, J.; Schwin, B. M.

2017-01-01

NASA has demonstrated an interest in improving astronaut health and performance through the installment of a new lighting countermeasure on the International Space Station. The Solid State Lighting Assembly (SSLA) system is designed to positively influence astronaut health by providing a daily change to light spectrum to improve circadian entrainment. Unfortunately, existing NASA standards and requirements define ambient light level requirements for crew sleep and other tasks, yet the number of light-emitting diode (LED) indicators and displays within a habitable volume is currently uncontrolled. Because each of these light sources has its own unique spectral properties, the additive lighting environment ends up becoming something different from what was planned or researched. Restricting the use of displays and indicators is not a solution because these systems provide beneficial crew feedback.

Papago Indians Light the Way.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

D'Alessandro, Bill

1979-01-01

Describes the world's only solar electric village power system, a photovoltaic conversion installation in a remote Papago Indian Reservation village. Notes comparative costs, electric output, and potential applications of the system, a prototype for remote rural communities and developing nations. Notes outstanding questions and key issues in…

Adapting Wireless Technology to Lighting Control and Environmental Sensing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dana Teasdale; Francis Rubinstein; David S. Watson

Although advanced lighting control systems offer significant energy savings, the high cost of retrofitting buildings with advanced lighting control systems is a barrier to adoption of this energy-saving technology. Wireless technology, however, offers a solution to mounting installation costs since it requires no additional wiring to implement. To demonstrate the feasibility of such a system, a prototype wirelessly-controlled advanced lighting system was designed and built. The system includes the following components: a wirelessly-controllable analog circuit module (ACM), a wirelessly-controllable electronic dimmable ballast, a T8 3-lamp fixture, an environmental multi-sensor, a current transducer, and control software. The ACM, dimmable ballast, multi-sensor,more » and current transducer were all integrated with SmartMesh{trademark} wireless mesh networking nodes, called motes, enabling wireless communication, sensor monitoring, and actuator control. Each mote-enabled device has a reliable communication path to the SmartMesh Manager, a single board computer that controls network functions and connects the wireless network to a PC running lighting control software. The ACM is capable of locally driving one or more standard 0-10 Volt electronic dimmable ballasts through relay control and a 0-10 Volt controllable output, in addition to 0-24 Volt and 0-10 Volt inputs. The mote-integrated electronic dimmable ballast is designed to drive a standard 3-lamp T8 light fixture. The environmental multisensor measures occupancy, light level and temperature. The current transducer is used to measure the power consumed by the fixture. Control software was developed to implement advanced lighting algorithms, including open and closed-loop daylight ramping, occupancy control, and demand response. Engineering prototypes of each component were fabricated and tested in a bench-scale system. Based on standard industry practices, a cost analysis was conducted. It is estimated that the installation cost of a wireless advanced lighting control system for a retrofit application is at least 20% lower than a comparable wired system for a typical 16,000 square-foot office building, with a payback period of less than 3 years. At 30% market penetration saturation, a cumulative 695 Billion kWh of energy could be saved through 2025, a cost savings of $52 Billion.« less

Solar photovoltaic systems in the development of Papua New Guinea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kinnell, G. H.

Geographic and demographic features of Papua New Guinea are summarized, together with current applications of photovoltaic (PV) systems. The PV systems displace the increasing costs of generating power from diesel and kerosene powered units. PV systems power air navigation aids for the extensive air transport used in the absence of a road system. Remote television and visual aid education is possible with PV modules. A total of 50 kW of PV power is presently implemented, with the bulk dedicated to microwave repeater stations, navigation aids, and radio and lighting supplies. A village pumping installation is in operation, as are office lighting and ventilation, house lighting, and construction camp lighting. Another 350 kW is planned for the next 10 yr to run medical supply refrigeration, and further growth is seen for coupling with government-developed village lighting kits that feature industrial reflectors.

14 CFR 29.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 29...: Installation § 29.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

14 CFR 29.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 29...: Installation § 29.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

14 CFR 29.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 29...: Installation § 29.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

14 CFR 29.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 29...: Installation § 29.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

14 CFR 29.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 29...: Installation § 29.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

77 FR 5423 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Canada, Limited (Bell) Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-03

... over- temperature warning light by installing a filter to prevent degradation of the pilot's vision...-temperature warning light is installed, this AD would require installing an NVIS filter. The proposed actions... a filter to prevent degradation of the pilot's vision while using night vision goggles and to...

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - During power-up of the orbiter Discovery in the Orbiter Processing Facility, a technician (left) looks at the circuit breaker lights in the cabin. Discovery has been undergoing Orbiter Major Modifications in the past year, ranging from wiring, control panels and black boxes to gaseous and fluid systems tubing and components. These systems were deserviced, disassembled, inspected, modified, reassembled, checked out and reserviced, as were most other systems onboard. The work includes the installation of the Multifunction Electronic Display Subsystem (MEDS) - a state-of-the-art “glass cockpit.”

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-08-27

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - During power-up of the orbiter Discovery in the Orbiter Processing Facility, a technician (left) looks at the circuit breaker lights in the cabin. Discovery has been undergoing Orbiter Major Modifications in the past year, ranging from wiring, control panels and black boxes to gaseous and fluid systems tubing and components. These systems were deserviced, disassembled, inspected, modified, reassembled, checked out and reserviced, as were most other systems onboard. The work includes the installation of the Multifunction Electronic Display Subsystem (MEDS) - a state-of-the-art “glass cockpit.”

Energy Control Systems: Energy Savings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

School Business Affairs, 1980

1980-01-01

The installation of proper control systems is estimated as saving up to 25 percent of the energy used in schools. Other potential energy-saving areas are transmission (heat loss or gain through walls, especially ceilings); internal load (heat from students, lights, and machinery); ventilation; and equipment maintenance. (Author/MLF)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

The GATEWAY program evaluated a trial installation of tunable-white LED lighting systems in three classrooms in the Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District in Carrollton, TX. The report provides valuable insights into the use of this technology in a real-world setting.

LightLeaves: computer controlled kinetic reflection hologram installation and a brief discussion of earlier work

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Connors Chen, Betsy

2013-02-01

LightLeaves is an installation combining leaf shaped, white light reflection holograms of landscape images with a special kinetic lighting device that houses a lamp and moving leaf shaped masks. The masks are controlled by an Arduino microcontroller and servomotors that position the masks in front of the illumination source of the holograms. The work is the most recent in a long series of landscapes that combine multi-hologram installations with computer controlled devices that play with the motion of the holograms, the light, sound or other elements in the work. LightLeaves was first exhibited at the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem, Massachusetts in a show titled "Eye Spy: Playing with Perception".

77 FR 36389 - Airworthiness Directives; Bell Helicopter Textron Canada, Limited, Helicopters

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-19

...-temperature warning light, and based on those findings, installing an NVIS filter. This AD was prompted by the... over-temperature warning light by installing a filter to prevent degradation of the pilot's vision... require installing an NVIS filter, part number (P/N) ASU-TOTGAG-1. The proposed requirements were intended...

Long-term Testing Results for the 2008 Installation of LED Luminaires at the I-35 West Bridge in Minneapolis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kinzey, Bruce R.; Davis, Robert G.

2014-09-30

This document reports the long-term testing results from an extended GATEWAY project that was first reported in “Demonstration Assessment of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Roadway Lighting at the I-35W Bridge, in Minneapolis, MN,” August 2009. That original report presented the results of lighting the newly reconstructed I 35W Bridge using LEDs in place of conventional high-pressure sodium (HPS) roadway luminaires, comparing energy use and illuminance levels with a simulated baseline condition. That installation was an early stage implementation of LED lighting and remains one of the oldest installations in continued operation today. This document provides an update of the LED system’smore » performance since its installation in September 2008.« less

Remote detection of explosives using field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer installed on multicopter.

PubMed

Kostyukevich, Yury; Efremov, Denis; Ionov, Vladimir; Kukaev, Eugene; Nikolaev, Eugene

2017-11-01

The detection of explosives and drugs in hard-to-reach places is a considerable challenge. We report the development and initial experimental characterization of the air analysis system that includes Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometer, array of the semiconductor gas sensors and is installed on multicopter. The system was developed based on the commercially available DJI Matrix 100 platform. For data collection and communication with operator, the special compact computer (Intel Compute Stick) was installed onboard. The total weight of the system was 3.3 kg. The system allows the 15-minute flight and provides the remote access to the obtained data. The developed system can be effectively used for the detection of impurities in the air, ecology monitoring, detection of chemical warfare agents, and explosives, what is especially important in light of recent terroristic attacks. The capabilities of the system were tested on the several explosives such as trinitrotoluene and nitro powder. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Photovoltaic Lifetime Project | Photovoltaic Research | NREL

Science.gov Websites

PV & Solar Resource Testing Accelerated Testing & Analysis Systems Engineering Project Sandia National Laboratories' PV Performance Modeling Collaborative website. Jinko Solar. PV systems mounted on the ground. Jinko Solar PV Lifetime installation at NREL. need-alt Light-induced degradation

[LIGHT POLLUTION AS THE HYGIENIC PROBLEM].

PubMed

Kaptsov, V A; Gerasev, V F; Deynego, V N

2015-01-01

Mass introduction of lighting devices according to the concept of "maximum coverage area" and multistoried buildings of cities gave rise to light pollution, which became a problem for astronomers, ecologists and hygienists. Analysis of modern lighting devices and installations has shown that about 30-45% of the luminous flux becomes the light pollution. Night lighting of cities causes both direct and indirect damage to the environment, leads to unnecessary energy wastes. So in the USA due to excessive light there is wasted about 2 million barrels of oil per day. Light pollution affects the human hormonal system, causing various health disorders, such as insomnia and depression as a consequence. The light pollution through the ganglion cells of the retina affects the synthesis of melatonin by the pineal gland (epiphysis) and contributes to its calcification, which greatly affects the human psyche. At present, many countries have been paying much state attention to this problem via delivery of national documents and change of the concept of the designing of lighting devices and installations. The essence of this concept--to shine with a preset quality of light only in the right place at the specified time interval. This reduces the light pollution, saves energy and increases the environmental safety of lighting. There is presented an example of a technical solution to reduce the light pollution in the application of the light panel in the form of the gradient of the light guide generator project development.

GATEWAY Demonstrations: Long-Term Evaluation of SSL Field Performance in Select Interior Projects

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Davis, Tess E.; Davis, Robert G.; Wilkerson, Andrea M.

The GATEWAY program evaluated the long-term performance characteristics (chromaticity change, maintained illuminance, and operations and maintenance) of LED lighting systems in four field installations previously documented in separate DOE GATEWAY reports.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

Summary of GATEWAY report evaluating a trial installation of tunable-white LED lighting systems in three classrooms in the Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District in Carrollton, TX. The report provides valuable insights into the use of this technology in a real-world setting.

The ATLAS Software Installation System v2: a highly available system to install and validate Grid and Cloud sites via Panda

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De Salvo, A.; Kataoka, M.; Sanchez Pineda, A.; Smirnov, Y.

2015-12-01

The ATLAS Installation System v2 is the evolution of the original system, used since 2003. The original tool has been completely re-designed in terms of database backend and components, adding support for submission to multiple backends, including the original Workload Management Service (WMS) and the new PanDA modules. The database engine has been changed from plain MySQL to Galera/Percona and the table structure has been optimized to allow a full High-Availability (HA) solution over Wide Area Network. The servlets, running on each frontend, have been also decoupled from local settings, to allow an easy scalability of the system, including the possibility of an HA system with multiple sites. The clients can also be run in multiple copies and in different geographical locations, and take care of sending the installation and validation jobs to the target Grid or Cloud sites. Moreover, the Installation Database is used as source of parameters by the automatic agents running in CVMFS, in order to install the software and distribute it to the sites. The system is in production for ATLAS since 2013, having as main sites in HA the INFN Roma Tier 2 and the CERN Agile Infrastructure. The Light Job Submission Framework for Installation (LJSFi) v2 engine is directly interfacing with PanDA for the Job Management, the Atlas Grid Information System (AGIS) for the site parameter configurations, and CVMFS for both core components and the installation of the software itself. LJSFi2 is also able to use other plugins, and is essentially Virtual Organization (VO) agnostic, so can be directly used and extended to cope with the requirements of any Grid or Cloud enabled VO. In this work we will present the architecture, performance, status and possible evolutions to the system for the LHC Run2 and beyond.

(Sn)DICE: A Calibration System Designed for Wide Field Imagers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Regnault, N.; Barrelet, E.; Guyonnet, A.; Juramy, C.; Rocci, P.-F.; Le Guillou, L.; Schahmanèche, K.; Villa, F.

2016-05-01

Dark Energy studies with type Ia supernovae set very tight constraints on the photometric calibration of the imagers used to detect the supernovae and follow up their flux variations. Among the key challenges is the measurement of the shape and normalization of the instrumental throughput. The DICE system was developed by members of the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS) , building upon the lessons learnt working with the MegaCam imager. It consists in a very stable light source, placed in the telescope enclosure, and generating compact, conical beams, yielding an almost flat illumination of the imager focal plane. The calibration light is generated by narrow spectrum LEDs selected to cover the entire wavelength range of the imager. It is monitored in real time using control photodiodes. A first DICE demonstrator, SnDICE has been installed at CFHT. A second generation instrument (SkyDICE) has been installed in the enclosure of the SkyMapper telescope. We present the main goals of the project. We discuss the main difficulties encoutered when trying to calibrate a wide field imager, such as MegaCam (or SkyMapper) using such a calibrated light source.

Polarization selecting optical element using a porro prism incorporating a thin film polarizer in a single element

DOEpatents

Hendrix, James Lee

2001-05-08

A Porro prism and a light polarizer are combined in a single optical element termed a Hendrix Prism. The design provides retro-reflection of incoming light of a predetermined polarization in a direction anti-parallel to the direction of light incidence, while reflecting undesired light, i.e., that having a polarization orthogonal to the predetermined polarization, from the surface of the light polarizer. The undesired light is reflected in a direction that does not interfere with the intended operation of the device in which the Hendrix Prism is installed yet provides feedback to the system in which it is used.

Pre-wired systems prove their worth.

PubMed

2012-03-01

The 'new generation' of modular wiring systems from Apex Wiring Solutions have been specified for two of the world's foremost teaching hospitals - the Royal London and St Bartholomew's Hospital, as part of a pounds sterling 1 billion redevelopment project, to cut electrical installation times, reduce on-site waste, and provide a pre-wired, factory-tested, power and lighting system. HEJ reports.

High-intensity urban light installation dramatically alters nocturnal bird migration

PubMed Central

Horton, Kyle G.; Dokter, Adriaan M.; Klinck, Holger; Elbin, Susan B.

2017-01-01

Billions of nocturnally migrating birds move through increasingly photopolluted skies, relying on cues for navigation and orientation that artificial light at night (ALAN) can impair. However, no studies have quantified avian responses to powerful ground-based light sources in urban areas. We studied effects of ALAN on migrating birds by monitoring the beams of the National September 11 Memorial & Museum's “Tribute in Light” in New York, quantifying behavioral responses with radar and acoustic sensors and modeling disorientation and attraction with simulations. This single light source induced significant behavioral alterations in birds, even in good visibility conditions, in this heavily photopolluted environment, and to altitudes up to 4 km. We estimate that the installation influenced ≈1.1 million birds during our study period of 7 d over 7 y. When the installation was illuminated, birds aggregated in high densities, decreased flight speeds, followed circular flight paths, and vocalized frequently. Simulations revealed a high probability of disorientation and subsequent attraction for nearby birds, and bird densities near the installation exceeded magnitudes 20 times greater than surrounding baseline densities during each year’s observations. However, behavioral disruptions disappeared when lights were extinguished, suggesting that selective removal of light during nights with substantial bird migration is a viable strategy for minimizing potentially fatal interactions among ALAN, structures, and birds. Our results also highlight the value of additional studies describing behavioral patterns of nocturnally migrating birds in powerful lights in urban areas as well as conservation implications for such lighting installations. PMID:28973942

The development of lighting countermeasures for sleep disruption and circadian misalignment during spaceflight.

PubMed

Brainard, George C; Barger, Laura K; Soler, Robert R; Hanifin, John P

2016-11-01

The review addresses the development of a new solid-state lighting system for the International Space Station (ISS) that is intended to enhance the illumination of the working and living environment of astronauts and to improve sleep, circadian entrainment, and daytime alertness. Spaceflight missions often expose astronauts and mission support ground crews to atypical sleep-wake cycles and work schedules. A recent, extensive study describes the sleep characteristics and use of sleep-promoting pharmaceuticals in astronauts before, during, and after spaceflight. The acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy of the new ISS solid-state lighting systems are currently being tested in ground-based, analog studies. Installation of this lighting system on the ISS is scheduled to begin later this year. In-flight testing of this lighting system is planned to take place during ISS spaceflight expeditions. If the new ISS lighting system is capable of improving circadian entrainment and sleep during spaceflight, it should enhance astronaut health, performance, well-being, and safety. Such an advance would open the door to future lighting applications for humans living on Earth.

A Fiber-Optic Current Sensor for Lightning Measurement Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, Truong X.; Ely, Jay J.; Szatkowski, George N.

2015-01-01

An optical-fiber sensor based on Faraday Effect is developed for measuring total lightning electric current. It has many unique capabilities not possible with traditional current sensors. Designed for aircraft installation, the sensor is lightweight, non-conducting, structure-conforming, and is immune to electromagnetic interference, hysteresis and saturation. It can also be used on windmills, lightning towers, and can help validate lightning detection network measurements. Faraday Effect causes light polarization to rotate when the fiber is exposed to a magnetic field in the direction of light propagation. Thus, the magnetic field strength can be determined from the light polarization change. By forming closed fiber loops and applying Ampere's law, measuring the total light rotation yields the total current enclosed. The broadband, dual-detector, reflective polarimetric scheme allows measurement of both DC component and AC waveforms with about 60 dB dynamic range. Three sensor systems were built with different sensitivities from different laser wavelengths. Operating at 850nm, the first system uses twisted single-mode fiber and has a 150 A - 150 KA range. The second system operates at 1550nm, uses spun polarization maintaining fiber, and can measure 400 A - 400 KA. Both systems were validated with rocket-triggered lightning measurements and achieved excellent results when compared to a resistive shunt. The third system operates at 1310nm, uses spun polarization maintaining fiber, and can measure approximately 300 A - 300 KA. High current measurements up to 200 KA were demonstrated at a commercial lightning test facility. The system was recently installed on an aircraft and flown near icing weather conditions.

A fiber-optic current sensor for lightning measurement applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nguyen, Truong X.; Ely, Jay J.; Szatkowski, George N.

2015-05-01

An optical-fiber sensor based on Faraday Effect is developed for measuring total lightning electric current. It has many unique capabilities not possible with traditional current sensors. Designed for aircraft installation, the sensor is lightweight, non-conducting, structure-conforming, and is immune to electromagnetic interference, hysteresis and saturation. It can also be used on windmills, lightning towers, and can help validate lightning detection network measurements. Faraday Effect causes light polarization to rotate when the fiber is exposed to a magnetic field in the direction of light propagation. Thus, the magnetic field strength can be determined from the light polarization change. By forming closed fiber loops and applying Ampere's law, measuring the total light rotation yields the total current enclosed. The broadband, dual-detector, reflective polarimetric scheme allows measurement of both DC component and AC waveforms with about 60 dB dynamic range. Three sensor systems were built with different sensitivities from different laser wavelengths. Operating at 850nm, the first system uses twisted single-mode fiber and has a 150 A - 150 KA range. The second system operates at 1550nm, uses spun polarization maintaining fiber, and can measure 400 A - 400 KA. Both systems were validated with rocket-triggered lightning measurements and achieved excellent results when compared to a resistive shunt. The third system operates at 1310nm, uses spun polarization maintaining fiber, and can measure approximately 300 A - 300 KA. High current measurements up to 200 KA were demonstrated at a commercial lightning test facility. The system was recently installed on an aircraft and flown near icing weather conditions.

An automatic alignment system for measuring optical path of transmissometer based on light beam scanning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Shudao; Ma, Zhongliang; Wang, Min; Peng, Shuling

2018-05-01

This paper proposes a novel alignment system based on the measurement of optical path using a light beam scanning mode in a transmissometer. The system controls both the probe beam and the receiving field of view while scanning in two vertical directions. The system then calculates the azimuth angle of the transmitter and the receiver to determine the precise alignment of the optical path. Experiments show that this method can determine the alignment angles in less than 10 min with errors smaller than 66 μrad in the azimuth. This system also features high collimation precision, process automation and simple installation.

LAN MAP: An Innovative Airborne Light at Night Mapping Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Craine, Eric R.; Craine, B. L.; Craine, E. M.; Craine, P. R.

2013-01-01

Widespread installation of inefficient and misdirected artificial light at night (LAN) has led to increasing concerns about light pollution and its impact, not only on astronomical facilities but larger communities as well. Light pollution impacts scientific research, environmental ecosystems, human health, and quality of life. In recent years, the public policy response to light pollution has included formulation of government codes to regulate lighting design and installation. Various environmental groups now include light pollution among their rallying themes to protest both specific and general developments. The latter efforts are often conducted in the absence of any quantitative data and are frequently charged by emotion rather than reason. To bring some scientific objectivity, and quantitative data, to these discussions, we have developed a suite of tools for simultaneous photometric measurements and temporal monitoring of both local communities and the sky overhead. We have also developed novel protocols for the use of these tools, including a triad of airborne, ground mobile, and ground static photometric surveys. We present a summary of these tools and protocols, with special emphasis on the airborne systems, and discuss baseline and follow-up measurements of LAN environments in the vicinity of numerous observatories in Arizona, the home of the initial LAN MAP surveys.

A non-laser light source for photodynamic therapy: in vitro effects on normal and malignant cells.

PubMed

Kashtan, Hanoch; Haddad, Riad; Greenberg, Ron; Skornick, Yehuda; Kaplan, Ofer

2002-01-01

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the use of photosensitizing drugs combined with light to treat tumors. Laser systems, the current source of light for PDT, have several inherent drawbacks: the spectrum is essentially monochromatic which may be problematic for second generation photosensitizers, the systems are bulky and nearly impossible to move between hospital locations and require complicated electrical and cooling installations, the cost of a typical system is enormous, and its maintenance and operation require highly trained personnel. We now introduce a new non-laser light system, Versa-Light, which appears to work as effectively and has none of the above drawbacks. A series of in vitro studies were performed using various murine and human normal and cancer cells which underwent PDT using aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPcS4) as a photosensitizer and Versa-Light as the light source. PDT of cancer cells at light energy levels of 50, 100 and 200 j/cm2 significantly decreased cell viability. PDT also decreased cell viability of normal murine splenocytes and normal human lymphocytes, but to a lesser extent. The observed significant hyperthermia was light dose-dependent. We believe that Versa-Light can replace laser systems as an enhanced light source for PDT. Further in vitro and pre-clinical studies are in progress.

Efficient resource allocation scheme for visible-light communication system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Woo-Chan; Bae, Chi-Sung; Cho, Dong-Ho; Shin, Hong-Seok; Jung, D. K.; Oh, Y. J.

2009-01-01

A visible-light communication utilizing LED has many advantagies such as visibility of information, high SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), low installation cost, usage of existing illuminators, and high security. Furthermore, exponentially increasing needs and quality of LED have helped the development of visible-light communication. The visibility is the most attractive property in visible-light communication system, but it is difficult to ensure visibility and transmission efficiency simultaneously during initial access because of the small amount of initial access process signals. In this paper, we propose an efficient resource allocation scheme at initial access for ensuring visibility with high resource utilization rate and low data transmission failure rate. The performance has been evaluated through the numerical analysis and simulation results.

46 CFR 112.35-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS... Generator as the Sole Emergency Power Source § 112.35-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having a manually controlled storage battery, diesel engine, or...

46 CFR 112.35-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS... Generator as the Sole Emergency Power Source § 112.35-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having a manually controlled storage battery, diesel engine, or...

46 CFR 112.35-1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND POWER SYSTEMS... Generator as the Sole Emergency Power Source § 112.35-1 General. This subpart contains requirements applicable to emergency power installations having a manually controlled storage battery, diesel engine, or...

76 FR 17613 - Aviation Service Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-30

...) regarding audio visual warning systems (AVWS). OCAS, Inc. installs such technology under the trademark OCAS... frequencies to activate obstruction lighting and transmit audible warnings to aircraft on a potential... transmit audible warnings to pilots. We seek comment on operational, licensing, eligibility and equipment...

GATEWAY Report Brief: SSL Demonstration: Long-Term Evaluation of Indoor Field Performance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

Report brief summarizing a GATEWAY program evaluation of the long-term performance characteristics (chromaticity change, maintained illuminance, and operations and maintenance) of LED lighting systems in four field installations previously documented in separate DOE GATEWAY reports.

Chapter 2: Commercial and Industrial Lighting Evaluation Protocol. The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for Specific Measures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kurnik, Charles W; Gowans, Dakers; Telarico, Chad

The Commercial and Industrial Lighting Evaluation Protocol (the protocol) describes methods to account for gross energy savings resulting from the programmatic installation of efficient lighting equipment in large populations of commercial, industrial, and other nonresidential facilities. This protocol does not address savings resulting from changes in codes and standards, or from education and training activities. A separate Uniform Methods Project (UMP) protocol, Chapter 3: Commercial and Industrial Lighting Controls Evaluation Protocol, addresses methods for evaluating savings resulting from lighting control measures such as adding time clocks, tuning energy management system commands, and adding occupancy sensors.

Low-Cost, Light Weight, Thin Film Solar Concentrator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ganapathi, G.; Palisoc, A.; Nesmith, B.; Greschik, G.; Gidanian, K.; Kindler, A.

2013-01-01

This research addresses a cost barrier towards achieving a solar thermal collector system with an installed cost of $75/sq m and meet the Department of Energy's (DOE's) performance targets for optical errors, operations during windy conditions and lifetime. Current concentrators can cost as much as 40-50% of the total installed costs for a CSP plant. In order to reduce the costs from current $200-$250/sq m, it is important to focus on the overall system. The reflector surface is a key cost driver, and our film-based polymer reflector will help significantly in achieving DOE's cost target of $75/sq m. The ease of manufacturability, installation and replacement make this technology a compelling one to develop. This technology can be easily modified for a variety of CSP options including heliostats, parabolic dishes and parabolic troughs.

Chapter 3: Commercial and Industrial Lighting Controls Evaluation Protocol. The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for Specific Measures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kurnik, Charles W.; Carlson, Stephen

This Commercial and Industrial Lighting Controls Evaluation Protocol (the protocol) describes methods to account for energy savings resulting from programmatic installation of lighting control equipment in large populations of commercial, industrial, government, institutional, and other nonresidential facilities. This protocol does not address savings resulting from changes in codes and standards, or from education and training activities. When lighting controls are installed in conjunction with a lighting retrofit project, the lighting control savings must be calculated parametrically with the lighting retrofit project so savings are not double counted.

Accomplishments Under the Airport Improvement Program. Fiscal year 1987.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-01-01

APRON PORTLAND INTERNATIONAL JETPORT (PRIMARY) 17 $312,300 INSTALL RUNWAY LIGHTING SYSTEM 1B $1,481,738 EXTENDAPRON PRESQUE ISLE 06 $99,000 RECONSTRUCT...LOCATION AND PROJECT FEDERAL NAME OF AIRPORT NUMBER FUNDS DESCRIPTION OF WORK o PENNSYLVANIA S4 $198,000 CONDUCT STATE SYSTEM PLAN UPDATE COMMONWEALTH...OF PENNSYLVANIA (CONTINUOUS) (SYSTEM PLAN) R5 $200,000 CONDUCT REGIONAL SYSTEM PLAN UPDATE DELAWARE VALLEY REGION (CONTINUOUS) (SYSTEM PLAN) RS

Design of an indoor self-positioning system for the visually impaired--simulation with RFID and Bluetooth in a visible light communication system.

PubMed

Liu, Xiaohan; Makino, Hideo; Kobayashi, Suguru; Maeda, Yoshinobu

2007-01-01

After a public experiment of the indoor guidance system using FLC (fluorescent light communication), we found that FLC provides a promising medium for the installation of a guidance system for the visually impaired. However, precise self-positioning was not satisfactorily achieved. In this article, we propose a new self-positioning method, one that uses a combination of RFID (Radio-frequency identification), Bluetooth and FLC. We analyzed the situation and developed a model that combined the three communication modes. Then we performed a series of experiments and get some results in the first step.

High Performance Building Mockup in FLEXLAB

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McNeil, Andrew; Kohler, Christian; Lee, Eleanor S.

Genentech has ambitious energy and indoor environmental quality performance goals for Building 35 (B35) being constructed by Webcor at the South San Francisco campus. Genentech and Webcor contracted with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to test building systems including lighting, lighting controls, shade fabric, and automated shading controls in LBNL’s new FLEXLAB facility. The goal of the testing is to ensure that the systems installed in the new office building will function in a way that reduces energy consumption and provides a comfortable work environment for employees.

Energy Optimization on the Battlefield: How Integrating Energy Efficient Technologies at the Tactical Level Can Reduce Fuel Consumption and Lessen the Burden of Fuel Logistics

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-13

a kill zone. This also created maintenance issues including diesel soot buildup in the vehicles exhaust systems. Since it took three to four days to...cost savings when summed over the thousands of light fixtures used on bases and FOBs. Changing to LEDs in tents and installing motion sensors could...CFL systems. Motion sensors also aided in turning lights off when the tents 78 are not occupied. Both LEDs and motion sensors produced significant

Illumination of interior spaces by bended hollow light guides: Application of the theoretical light propagation method

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Darula, Stanislav; Kocifaj, Miroslav; Kittler, Richard

2010-12-15

To ensure comfort and healthy conditions in interior spaces the thermal, acoustics and daylight factors of the environment have to be considered in the building design. Due to effective energy performance in buildings the new technology and applications also in daylight engineering are sought such as tubular light guides. These allow the transport of natural light into the building core reducing energy consumption. A lot of installations with various geometrical and optical properties can be applied in real buildings. The simplest set of tubular light guide consists of a transparent cupola, direct tube with high reflected inner surface and amore » ceiling cover or diffuser redistributing light into the interior. Such vertical tubular guide is often used on flat roofs. When the roof construction is inclined a bend in the light guide system has to be installed. In this case the cupola is set on the sloped roof which collects sunlight and skylight from the seen part of the sky hemisphere as well as that reflected from the ground and opposite facades. In comparison with the vertical tube some additional light losses and distortions of the propagated light have to be expected in bended tubular light guides. Recently the theoretical model of light propagation was already published and its applications are presented in this study solving illuminance distributions on the ceiling cover interface and further illuminance distribution on the working plane in the interior. (author)« less

Data Base for Light-Weight Automotive Diesel Power Plants : Volume 3. Miscellaneous Data.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-12-01

The effects of fuel economy, emissions, passenger car safety and other variables due to the installation of light-weight Diesel powerplants were studied. Experimental data was obtained on naturally aspirated and turbocharged Diesel engines installed ...

Data Base for Light-Weight Automotive Diesel Power Plants. Volume 2: Discussion and Results.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-12-01

The effects on fuel economy, emissions, passenger car safety and other variables due to the installation of light-weight Diesel powerplants were studied. Experimental data was obtained on naturally aspirated and turbocharged Diesel engines installed ...

Data Base for Light-Weight Automotive Diesel Power Plants: Volume 1. Executive Summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-12-01

The effects on fuel economy, emissions, passenger car safety and other variables due to the installation of light-weight Diesel powerplants were studied. Experimental data was obtained on naturally aspirated and turbocharged Diesel engines installed ...

Mastracchio installs MSG LSAH Decontamination System

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-02-10

ISS038-E-044829 (10 Feb. 2014) --- NASA astronaut Rick Mastracchio, Expedition 38 flight engineer, prepares to use an ultraviolet light to decontaminate hardware used for life science experiments inside the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

Installation of a variable-angle spectrometer system for monitoring diffuse and global solar radiation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ormachea, O.; Abrahamse, A.; Tolavi, N.; Romero, F.; Urquidi, O.; Pearce, J. M.; Andrews, R.

2013-11-01

We report on the design and installation of a spectrometer system for monitoring solar radiation in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Both the light intensity and the spectral distribution affect the power produced by a photovoltaic device. Local variations in the solar spectrum (especially compared to the AM1.5 standard) may have important implications for device optimization and energy yield estimation. The spectrometer system, based on an Ocean Optics USB4000 (300-900nm) spectrometer, was designed to increase functionality. Typically systems only record the global horizontal radiation. Our system moves a fiber-optic cable 0-90 degrees and takes measurements in 9 degree increments. Additionally, a shadow band allows measurement of the diffuse component of the radiation at each position. The electronic controls utilize an Arduino UNO microcontroller to synchronizes the movement of two PAP bipolar (stepper) motors with the activation of the spectrometer via an external trigger. The spectrometer was factory calibrated for wavelength and calibrated for absolute irradiance using a Sellarnet SL1-Cal light source. We present preliminary results from data taken March-June, 2013, and comment on implications for PV devices in Cochabamba.

Internal heat gain from different light sources in the building lighting systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suszanowicz, Dariusz

2017-10-01

EU directives and the Construction Law have for some time required investors to report the energy consumption of buildings, and this has indeed caused low energy consumption buildings to proliferate. Of particular interest, internal heat gains from installed lighting affect the final energy consumption for heating of both public and residential buildings. This article presents the results of analyses of the electricity consumption and the luminous flux and the heat flux emitted by different types of light sources used in buildings. Incandescent light, halogen, compact fluorescent bulbs, and LED bulbs from various manufacturers were individually placed in a closed and isolated chamber, and the parameters for their functioning under identical conditions were recorded. The heat flux emitted by 1 W nominal power of each light source was determined. Based on the study results, the empirical coefficients of heat emission and energy efficiency ratios for different types of lighting sources (dependent lamp power and the light output) were designated. In the heat balance of the building, the designated rates allow for precise determination of the internal heat gains coming from lighting systems using various light sources and also enable optimization of lighting systems of buildings that are used in different ways.

New rules of thumb maximizing energy efficiency in street lighting with discharge lamps: The general equations for lighting design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peña-García, A.; Gómez-Lorente, D.; Espín, A.; Rabaza, O.

2016-06-01

New relationships between energy efficiency, illuminance uniformity, spacing and mounting height in public lighting installations were derived from the analysis of a large sample of outputs generated with a widely used software application for lighting design. These new relationships greatly facilitate the calculation of basic lighting installation parameters. The results obtained are also based on maximal energy efficiency and illuminance uniformity as a premise, which are not included in more conventional methods. However, these factors are crucial since they ensure the sustainability of the installations. This research formulated, applied and analysed these new equations. The results of this study highlight their usefulness in rapid planning and urban planning in developing countries or areas affected by natural disasters where engineering facilities and computer applications for this purpose are often unavailable.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Coleman, Andrena

The Ida H. Goode Gymnasium was constructed in 1964 to serve as a focal point for academics, student recreation, and health and wellness activities. This 38,000 SF building contains a gymnasium with a stage, swimming pool, eight classrooms, a weight room, six offices and auxiliary spaces for the athletic programs. The gym is located on a 4-acre greenfield, which is slated for improvement and enhancement to future athletics program at Bennett College. The available funding for this project was used to weatherize the envelope of the gymnasium, installation of a new energy-efficient mechanical system, and a retrofit of the existingmore » lighting systems in the building’s interior. The envelope weatherization was completed without disturbing the building’s historic preservation eligibility. The existing heating system was replaced with a new high efficiency condensing system. The new heating system also includes a new Building Automation System which provides additional monitoring. Proper usage of this system will provide additional energy savings. Most of the existing interior lighting fixtures and bulbs were replaced with new LED and high efficiency T-8 bulbs and fixtures. Occupancy sensors were installed in applicable areas. The Ida Goode Gymnasium should experience high electricity and natural gas savings as well as operational/maintenance efficiency increases. The aesthetics of the building was maintained and the overall safety was improved.« less

Affordable and personalized lighting using inverse modeling and virtual sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basu, Chandrayee; Chen, Benjamin; Richards, Jacob; Dhinakaran, Aparna; Agogino, Alice; Martin, Rodney

2014-03-01

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have great potential to enable personalized intelligent lighting systems while reducing building energy use by 50%-70%. As a result WSN systems are being increasingly integrated in state-ofart intelligent lighting systems. In the future these systems will enable participation of lighting loads as ancillary services. However, such systems can be expensive to install and lack the plug-and-play quality necessary for user-friendly commissioning. In this paper we present an integrated system of wireless sensor platforms and modeling software to enable affordable and user-friendly intelligent lighting. It requires ⇠ 60% fewer sensor deployments compared to current commercial systems. Reduction in sensor deployments has been achieved by optimally replacing the actual photo-sensors with real-time discrete predictive inverse models. Spatially sparse and clustered sub-hourly photo-sensor data captured by the WSN platforms are used to develop and validate a piece-wise linear regression of indoor light distribution. This deterministic data-driven model accounts for sky conditions and solar position. The optimal placement of photo-sensors is performed iteratively to achieve the best predictability of the light field desired for indoor lighting control. Using two weeks of daylight and artificial light training data acquired at the Sustainability Base at NASA Ames, the model was able to predict the light level at seven monitored workstations with 80%-95% accuracy. We estimate that 10% adoption of this intelligent wireless sensor system in commercial buildings could save 0.2-0.25 quads BTU of energy nationwide.

KSC-04PD-1680

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. In the Orbiter Processing Facility, workers help guide the nose cap (right) toward the orbiter Atlantis for installation. The nose cap was removed from the vehicle in May and sent back to the vendor for thorough Non- Destructive Engineering evaluation and recoating. Thermography was also performed to check for internal flaws. This procedure uses high intensity light to heat areas that are immediately scanned with an infrared camera. White Thermal Protection System blankets were reinstalled on the nose cap before installation. Processing continues on Atlantis for its future mission to the International Space Station.

KSC-04PD-1681

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. In the Orbiter Processing Facility, workers help install the nose cap (right) onto the orbiter Atlantis. The nose cap was removed from the vehicle in May and sent back to the vendor for thorough Non-Destructive Engineering evaluation and recoating. Thermography was also performed to check for internal flaws. This procedure uses high intensity light to heat areas that are immediately scanned with an infrared camera. White Thermal Protection System blankets were reinstalled on the nose cap before installation. Processing continues on Atlantis for its future mission to the International Space Station.

Ramakrishna Mission initiative impact study: final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chaurey, A.

2000-07-06

This report has been prepared by the Tata Energy Research Institute (TERI) for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It presents the results of the evaluation and impact assessment of solar photovoltaic lighting systems in the region of Sunderbans, West Bengal, that were deployed by a reputable non-governmental organization (Ramakrishna Mission) under the auspices of the INDO-US collaborative project. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the solar photovoltaic systems for their impact on the individual households as well as on the community, to assess the effectiveness of the implementation and financial mechanisms, and to draw a long-term strategy formore » NREL's activities in Sunderbans based on case studies of similar interventions. Under the project, provision was made to supply 300 domestic lighting systems (DLS) based on 53-Wp module capacity to individual households and a few other systems such as for lighting, medical refrigeration, and pumping water to community centers. For this study, 152 households were surveyed, of which 29 had also been a part of earlier pre- and post-installation surveys, 47 had been a part of the earlier post-installation survey, and 76 were households that were surveyed for the first time. A set of 46, out of the total 152 households, was selected for evaluating the systems for their technical performance with respect to module output, condition of the battery, and daily energy consumption. Of the total 300 modules, 2 had been stolen, 9 out of the total 300 batteries needed to be replaced, and 10 out of the 300 charge controllers were non-functional. The statistics for the surveyed households indicate 32 luminaire-related faults (blackening or flickering of compact fluorescent lights) and 11 other faults related to fuses, switches, etc.« less

Electrician's Mate 3 & 2: Rate Training Manual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Naval Education and Training Command, Pensacola, FL.

The training manual provides information related to the tasks assigned to the Electrician's Mate Third and Second Class who operate and maintain power and lighting systems and associated equipment. Individual chapters deal with: career challenges for the Electrician's Mate, safety precautions, test equipment, electrical installations, A-C power…

Description of photovoltaic village power systems in the United States and Africa

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ratajczak, A. F.; Bifano, W. J.

1979-01-01

The paper describes the designs, hardware, and installations of NASA photovoltaic power systems in the village of Schuchuli in Arizona and Tangaye in Upper Volta, Africa. The projects were designed to demonstrate that current photovoltaic system technology can provide electrical power for domestic services for small, remote communities. The Schuchuli system has a 3.5 kW peak solar array which provides power for water pumping, a refrigerator for each family, lights, and community washing and sewing machines. The 1.8 kW Tangaye system provides power for pumping, flour milling, and lights in the milling building. Both are stand-alone systems operated by local personnel, and they are monitored by NASA to measure design adequacy and refine future designs.

EUV wavefront metrology system in EUVA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hasegawa, Takayuki; Ouchi, Chidane; Hasegawa, Masanobu; Kato, Seima; Suzuki, Akiyoshi; Sugisaki, Katsumi; Murakami, Katsuhiko; Saito, Jun; Niibe, Masahito

2004-05-01

An Experimental extreme ultraviolet (EUV) interferometer (EEI) using an undulator as a light source was installed in New SUBARU synchrotron facility at Himeji Institute of Technology (HIT). The EEI can evaluate the five metrology methods reported before. (1) A purpose of the EEI is to determine the most suitable method for measuring the projection optics of EUV lithography systems for mass production tools.

Endeavour lands atop 747 after downtime at Palmdale, CA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

The Space Shuttle Orbiter Endeavour arrives at KSCs Shuttle Landing Facility atop NASAs Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA) as it returns March 27, 1997 from Palmdale, Calif., after an eight-month Orbiter Maintenance Down Period (OMDP). Nearly 100 modifications were made to Endeavour during that time period, including some that were directly associated with work required to support International Space Station Operations. The most extensive of those was the installation of an external airlock to allow the orbiter to dock with the Station. Other modifications included upgrades to Endeavours power supply system, general purpose computers and thermal protection system, along with the installation of new light-weight commander and pilot seats and other weight-saving modifications.

Boston Community Energy Study - Zonal Analysis for Urban Microgrids

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-01

ordinarily rural systems that have generation assets such as wind turbines (WTs) [14] or photovoltaic (PV) panels [15] that power loads such as lights and...movers powered by internal combustion engines, diesel engines, microturbines, geothermal systems, hydro systems, or wind turbines ; they also could include...can have on urban areas such as New York City. While flooding and wind damaged or destroyed some of the energy infrastructure, all installed

Review of Defense Display Research Programs

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-01-01

micromirror device (DMD) projection displays, or some future contender, such as organic light emitting diode displays (OLED)—will be installed via...Instruments (TI) digital micromirror device (DMD) technology, developed in an $11.3M research effort managed by the Air Force Research Laboratory from 1991...systems for simulator/trainer systems in the near-mid term and advanced cockpits in the far term. Such large area, curved display systems will require the

Analysis of energy conservation alternatives for standard Army building. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hittle, D.C.; O'Brien, R.E.; Percivall, G.S.

1983-03-01

This report describes energy conservation alternatives for five standard Army building designs. By surveying maps of major Army installations and using the Integrated Facilities System, the most popular designs were determined to be a two-company, rolling-pin-shaped barracks for enlisted personnel; a Type 64 barracks; a motor repair shop; a battalion headquarters and classroom building; and an enlisted personnel mess hall. The Building Loads Analysis and System Thermodynamics (BLAST) energy-analysis computer program was used to develop baseline energy consumption for each design based on the building descriptions and calibrated by comparison with the measured energy usage of similar buildings. Once themore » baseline was established, the BLAST program was used to study energy conservation alternatives (ECAs) which could be retrofit to the existing buildings. The ECAs included closing off air-handling units, adding storm windows, adding 2 in. (0.051 m) of exterior insulation to the walls, partially blocking the windows, adding roof insulation, putting up south overhangs, installing programmable thermostats, recovering heat from exhaust fans, installing temperature economizers, replacing lights, and installing partitions between areas of differing temperature.« less

Reducing fog-related crashes on the Afton and Fancy Gap Mountain sections of I-64 and I-77 in Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-10-01

The Fancy Gap and Afton Mountain interstates have a long history of fog-related, multivehicle crashes. Because of its earlier involvement in the installation and evaluation of the original Afton Mountain in-pavement fog guide light system, and concer...

33 CFR 164.25 - Tests before entering or getting underway.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... emergency lighting and power systems in vessel control and propulsion machinery spaces. (5) Main propulsion...) The main steering gear from the alternative power supply, if installed. (iv) Each rudder angle... power failure alarm. (vi) Each remote steering gear power unit failure alarm. (vii) The full movement of...

33 CFR 164.25 - Tests before entering or getting underway.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... emergency lighting and power systems in vessel control and propulsion machinery spaces. (5) Main propulsion...) The main steering gear from the alternative power supply, if installed. (iv) Each rudder angle... power failure alarm. (vi) Each remote steering gear power unit failure alarm. (vii) The full movement of...

Solar internal lighting using optical collectors and fibers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Francini, F.; Fontani, D.; Jafrancesco, D.; Mercatelli, L.; Sansoni, P.

2006-08-01

A system exploiting solar energy, by means of optical collectors and fibres, has been applied for indoor illumination. The project has been called "The Sunflowers" for the property of solar collectors to track solar position during the day. Every "sunflower" contains several solar collectors, each of which is coupled to an optical fibre. The "Sunflower" is provided of mechanical systems and electric accessories for solar tracking. The light focused by the solar collector can be used in two possible ways: for internal illumination with direct solar light; otherwise it can be accumulated for lighting when the sun is not present. The first function is obtained coupling the optical collector to an optical fibre, which transports the solar light in selected points within the showcases. The second one consists in focusing solar light on a photovoltaic cell of the last generation type with high efficiency. In this configuration the photovoltaic cell converts the focused light into electric energy to be used for illumination in case of sun absence. A demonstrative installation has been realised applying this solar illumination system to museum lighting: a prototype has been tested in a prestigious museum in Florence.

Energy Conservation Investment Program (ECIP), FY93 limited energy study, Milan Army Ammunition Plant, Milan, Tennessee. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1994-11-11

In May 1994, Affiliated Engineers SE, Inc. (AESE) was retained by the Mobile District US Army Corps of Engineers to perform a Limited Energy Study for Milan Army Ammunition Plant, Tennessee. The field survey of existing conditions was completed in June 1994. The results of this field survey were subsequently tabulated and used to generate single line building drawings on Autocad. Several alternative lighting models were examined to determine if a more efficient lighting system could be installed that would produce the same or better lumen levels at these facilities while reducing the buildings` electrical lighting energy consumption. This reportmore » summarizes the results obtained from this field investigation and the analysis of various alternative Energy Conservation Opportunities (ECO`s). To develop the field data into various alternative ECO concepts or models, we utilized an `Excel` spreadsheet to tabulate and compare energy consumption, light output, installation and operating costs for various ECO`s at these buildings. These ECO`s were then analyzed for suitability for the Energy Conservation lnvestment Program (ECIP) using the govemmenrs software package called Life Cycle Cost in Design (LCCID).« less

Energy conservation investment program FY93 limited energy study Milan Army Ammunition Plant Milan, Tennessee. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1994-11-11

In May 1994, Affiliated Engineers SE, Inc. (AESE) was retained by the Mobile District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to perform a Limited Energy Study for Milan Army Ammunition Plant, Tennessee. The field survey of existing conditions was completed in June 1994. The results of this field survey were subsequently tabulated and used to generate single line building drawings on Autocad. Several alternative lighting models were examined to determine if a more efficient lighting system could be installed that would produce the same or better lumen levels at these facilities while reducing the buildings` electrical lighting energy consumption. This reportmore » summarizes the results obtained from this field investigation and the analysis of various alternative Energy Conservation Opportunities (ECO`s). To develop the field data into various alternative ECO concepts or models, we utilized an `Excel` spreadsheet to tabulate and compare energy consumption, light output, installation and operating costs for various ECO`s at these buildings. These ECO`s were then analyzed for suitability for the Energy Conservation Investment Program (ECIP) using the government`s software package called Life Cycle Cost in Design (LCCID).« less

JPRS Report, Science & Technology, Europe

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-02-18

could penetrate the ceramic layer. At the time, the Essen researchers were unable to present any proof of the obvious assumption that microfine pores...carbon fiber tubes and titanium frame joints that are very light and strong. The manufacturing system and experiments are installed as modules on...study also view the manufacturing technol- ogies and jointing techniques for active cooling with an integrated cooling tube system as unavailable—pure

29 CFR 1926.402 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... installations used for the generation, transmission, and distribution of electric energy, including related...) SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION Electrical Installation Safety Requirements § 1926.402... electrical equipment and installations used to provide electric power and light at the jobsite. These...

29 CFR 1926.402 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... installations used for the generation, transmission, and distribution of electric energy, including related...) SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION Electrical Installation Safety Requirements § 1926.402... electrical equipment and installations used to provide electric power and light at the jobsite. These...

KSC-04PD-1682

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. In the Orbiter Processing Facility, workers check the fit of the nose cap (right) after installation on the orbiter Atlantis. The nose cap was removed from the vehicle in May and sent back to the vendor for thorough Non- Destructive Engineering evaluation and recoating. Thermography was also performed to check for internal flaws. This procedure uses high intensity light to heat areas that are immediately scanned with an infrared camera. White Thermal Protection System blankets were reinstalled on the nose cap before installation. Processing continues on Atlantis for its future mission to the International Space Station.

Quality of Water from Shallow Wells in Urban Residential and Light Commercial Areas in Lafayette Parish, Louisiana, 2001 through 2002

USGS Publications Warehouse

Fendick, Robert B.; Tollett, Roland W.

2004-01-01

In 2001-02, the U.S. Geological Survey installed and sampled 28 shallow wells in urban residential and light commercial areas in Lafayette Parish, Louisiana, for a land-use study in the Acadian-Pontchartrain Study Unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The wells were installed in the Chicot aquifer system, the primary source of water for irrigation and public-water supplies in southwestern Louisiana. The purpose of this report is to describe the quality of water from the 28 shallow wells and to relate that water quality to natural factors and to human activities. Ground-water samples were analyzed for general ground-water properties and about 240 water-quality contituents, including dissolved solids, major inorganic ions, trace elements, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), radon, chlorofluorocarbons, selected stable isotopes, pesticides, pesticide degradation products, and volatile organic compounds (VOC's).

Core network infrastructure supporting the VLT at ESO Paranal in Chile

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reay, Harold

2000-06-01

In October 1997 a number of projects were started at ESO's Paranal Observatory at Cerro Paranal in Chile to upgrade the communications infrastructure in place at the time. The planned upgrades were to internal systems such as computer data networks and telephone installations and also data links connecting Paranal to other ESO sites. This paper details the installation work carried out on the Paranal Core Network (PCN) during the period of October 1997 to December 1999. These installations were to provide both short term solutions to the requirement for reliable high bandwidth network connectivity between Paranal and ESO HQ in Garching, Germany in time for UTI (Antu) first light and perhaps more importantly, to provide the core systems necessary for a site moving towards operational status. This paper explains the reasons for using particular cable types, network topology, and fiber backbone design and implementation. We explain why it was decided to install the PCN in two distinct stages and how equipment used in temporary installations was re-used in the Very Large Telescope networks. Finally we describe the tools used to monitor network and satellite link performance and will discuss whether network backbone bandwidth meets the expected utilization and how this bandwidth can easily be increased in the future should there be a requirement.

46 CFR 31.35-1 - Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL. 31.35-1 Section 31.35-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK... and power equipment, batteries, etc.—TB/ALL. All tank vessels are subject to the regulations contained...

46 CFR 31.35-1 - Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL. 31.35-1 Section 31.35-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK... and power equipment, batteries, etc.—TB/ALL. All tank vessels are subject to the regulations contained...

46 CFR 31.35-1 - Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL. 31.35-1 Section 31.35-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK... and power equipment, batteries, etc.—TB/ALL. All tank vessels are subject to the regulations contained...

46 CFR 31.35-1 - Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL. 31.35-1 Section 31.35-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK... and power equipment, batteries, etc.—TB/ALL. All tank vessels are subject to the regulations contained...

46 CFR 31.35-1 - Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Electrical installations, lighting and power equipment, batteries, etc.-TB/ALL. 31.35-1 Section 31.35-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK... and power equipment, batteries, etc.—TB/ALL. All tank vessels are subject to the regulations contained...

29 CFR 1926.402 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION Electrical Installation Safety Requirements § 1926.402... electrical equipment and installations used to provide electric power and light at the jobsite. These... commenced. Note: If the electrical installation is made in accordance with the National Electrical Code ANSI...

Human Factors Evaluation of a Heliborne Electronic Warfare System (AN/ ALQ-151, Quick Fix)

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-08-01

clean off smudges and fingerprints and this, too, causes a problem when light reflects off the display surface. Consequently...hanging a piece of canvas between the OF operator’s rack and the counter- measures operator’s rack* Installation of a black curtain on a rod in

Evaluation of Energy Efficiency Improvements to Portable Classrooms in Florida.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Callahan, Michael P.; Parker, Danny S.; Sherwin, John R.; Anello, Michael T.

Findings are presented from a 2-year experiment exploring ways to reduce energy costs and improve the learning environment in Florida's 25,000 portable classrooms. Improvements were made in two highly instrumented portable classrooms in the following areas: installation of a T8 lighting system with electronic ballasts; a high efficiency heat pump…

Third World PVs hit the roof.

PubMed

Lenssen, N

1992-01-01

Rural areas in developing countries have no hope of benefiting from electricity generation programs because of a lack of resources. Currently the common practice is to use kerosene lamps for light, disposable batteries for radios, and auto batteries for television. The auto battery must be hauled by pack animal to a charging station. An alternative that is growing in popularity is the installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems in each house. The advantages include very low operating costs (sunshine is free), long life (PV cells last 20 years), they can be installed in any home without regard for power grids. The biggest disadvantage is very high initial cost. To solve this problem many programs have been developed to finance systems. Enersol Associates started with $10,000 seed money and developed a loan program that has helped bring electricity to 1500 homes in the Dominican Republic. The Solar Electric Light and Fund started with $150,000 and has brought electricity to 3500 homes in Sri Lanka. The United Nations Development Program gave $7 million to Zimbabwe to fund a project that is expected to bring electricity to 20,000 homes over the next 5 years.

Roadway lighting and driver safety

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-05-01

The objectives of this project were to: a)analyze the safety benefits associated with roadway lighting; b)determine the design of the lighting installation necessary to provide an adequate level of lighting; c)investigate how lighting affects the dri...

Development of a CCD based solar speckle imaging system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nisenson, Peter; Stachnik, Robert V.; Noyes, Robert W.

1986-02-01

A program to develop software and hardware for the purpose of obtaining high angular resolution images of the solar surface is described. The program included the procurement of a Charge Coupled Devices imaging system; an extensive laboratory and remote site testing of the camera system; the development of a software package for speckle image reconstruction which was eventually installed and tested at the Sacramento Peak Observatory; and experiments of the CCD system (coupled to an image intensifier) for low light level, narrow spectral band solar imaging.

Opportunities for Health System Pharmacies in Patient Care

PubMed Central

Felkey, Bill G.; Fox, Brent I.

2015-01-01

It’s been said that the best hospital stay is the one that doesn’t occur. Certainly, Hospital Pharmacy’s readers know that we are still working toward a completely safe health care delivery experience. In this installment, medication errors experienced during a hospital stay bring to light opportunities for health system pharmacies to create new points of engagement with their patients and increase patients’ involvement in their care. PMID:26445911

Fast global orbit feedback system in PLS-II

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, J.; Kim, C.; Kim, J. M.; Kim, K. R.; Lee, E. H.; Lee, J. W.; Lee, T. Y.; Park, C. D.; Shin, S.; Yoon, J. C.; Cho, W. S.; Park, G. S.; Kim, S. C.

2016-12-01

The transverse position of the electron beam in the Pohang Light Source-II is stabilized by the global orbit feedback system. A slow orbit feedback system has been operating at 2 Hz, and a fast orbit feedback (FOFB) system at 813 Hz was installed recently. This FOFB system consists of 96 electron-beam-position monitors, 48 horizontal fast correctors, 48 vertical fast correctors and Versa Module Europa bus control system. We present the design and implementation of the FOFB system and its test result. Simulation analysis is presented and future improvements are suggested.

Detecting Negative Obstacles by Use of Radar

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mittskus, Anthony; Lux, James

2006-01-01

Robotic land vehicles would be equipped with small radar systems to detect negative obstacles, according to a proposal. The term "negative obstacles" denotes holes, ditches, and any other terrain features characterized by abrupt steep downslopes that could be hazardous for vehicles. Video cameras and other optically based obstacle-avoidance sensors now installed on some robotic vehicles cannot detect obstacles under adverse lighting conditions. Even under favorable lighting conditions, they cannot detect negative obstacles. A radar system according to the proposal would be of the frequency-modulation/ continuous-wave (FM/CW) type. It would be installed on a vehicle, facing forward, possibly with a downward slant of the main lobe(s) of the radar beam(s) (see figure). It would utilize one or more wavelength(s) of the order of centimeters. Because such wavelengths are comparable to the characteristic dimensions of terrain features associated with negative hazards, a significant amount of diffraction would occur at such features. In effect, the diffraction would afford a limited ability to see corners and to see around corners. Hence, the system might utilize diffraction to detect corners associated with negative obstacles. At the time of reporting the information for this article, preliminary analyses of diffraction at simple negative obstacles had been performed, but an explicit description of how the system would utilize diffraction was not available.

Light intensity distribution optimization for tunnel lamps in different zones of a long tunnel.

PubMed

Lai, Wei; Liu, Xianming; Chen, Weimin; Lei, Xiaohua; Cheng, Xingfu

2014-09-22

The light distributions in different tunnel zones have different requirements in order to meet the driver's visual system. In this paper, the light intensity distributions of tunnel lamps in different zones of a long tunnel are optimized separately. A common nonlinear optimization approach is proposed to minimize the consuming power as well as satisfy the luminance and glare requirements both on the road surface and on the wall set by International Commission on Illumination (CIE). Compared with that of the reported linear optimization method, the optimization model can save energy from 11% to 57.6% under the same installation conditions.

ADASY (Active Daylighting System)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vázquez-Moliní, Daniel; González-Montes, Mario; Fernández-Balbuena, Antonio Á.; Bernabéu, Eusebio; García-Botella, Ángel; García-Rodríguez, Lucas; Pohl, Wilfried

2009-08-01

The main objective of ADASY (Active Daylighting System) work is to design a façade static daylighting system oriented to office applications, mainly. The goal of the project is to save energy by guiding daylight into a building for lighting purpose. With this approach we can reduce the electrical load for artificial lighting, completing it with sustainable energy. The collector of the system is integrated on a vertical façade and its distribution guide is always horizontal inside of the false ceiling. ADASY is designed with a specific patent pending caption system, a modular light-guide and light extractor luminaire system. Special care has been put on the final cost of the system and its building integration purpose. The current ADASY configuration is able to illuminate 40 m2 area with a 300lx-400lx level in the mid time work hours; furthermore it has a good enough spatial uniformity distribution and a controlled glare. The data presented in this study are the result of simulation models and have been confirmed by a physical scaled prototype. ADASY's main advantages over regular illumination systems are: -Low maintenance; it has not mobile pieces and therefore it lasts for a long time and require little attention once installed. - No energy consumption; solar light continue working even if there has been a power outage. - High quality of light: the colour rendering of light is very high - Psychological benefits: People working with daylight get less stress and more comfort, increasing productivity. - Health benefits

Fiber-optic-based laser vapor screen flow visualization system for aerodynamic research in larger scale subsonic and transonic wind tunnels

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Erickson, Gary E.; Inenaga, Andrew S.

1994-01-01

Laser vapor screen (LVS) flow visualization systems that are fiber-optic based were developed and installed for aerodynamic research in the Langley 8-Foot Transonic Pressure Tunnel and the Langley 7- by 10-Foot High Speed Tunnel. Fiber optics are used to deliver the laser beam through the plenum shell that surrounds the test section of each facility and to the light-sheet-generating optics positioned in the ceiling window of the test section. Water is injected into the wind tunnel diffuser section to increase the relative humidity and promote condensation of the water vapor in the flow field about the model. The condensed water vapor is then illuminated with an intense sheet of laser light to reveal features of the flow field. The plenum shells are optically sealed; therefore, video-based systems are used to observe and document the flow field. Operational experience shows that the fiber-optic-based systems provide safe, reliable, and high-quality off-surface flow visualization in smaller and larger scale subsonic and transonic wind tunnels. The design, the installation, and the application of the Langley Research Center (LaRC) LVS flow visualization systems in larger scale wind tunnels are highlighted. The efficiency of the fiber optic LVS systems and their insensitivity to wind tunnel vibration, the tunnel operating temperature and pressure variations, and the airborne contaminants are discussed.

Algorithm to illustrate context using dynamic lighting effects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

John, Roshy M.; Balasubramanian, T.

2007-09-01

With the invention of Ultra-Bright LED, solid state lighting has come to something which is much more efficient and energy saving when compared to conventional incandescent or fluorescent lighting. With the use of proper driver electronics now a days it is possible to install solid state lighting systems with the cost same as that of any other lighting technology. This paper is a part of the research project we are doing in our lab, which deals with using ultra bright LEDs of different colors for lighting applications. The driver electronics are made in such a way that, the color and brightness of the lights will change according to context. For instance, if one of the users is reading a story or listening to music in a Personal Computer or in a hand held device such as a PDA, the lighting systems and the HVAC (Heating Ventilation Air-conditioning) systems will change dramatically according to the content of the story or the music. The vulnerability of solid-state lighting helps to accomplish such an effect. Such a type of system will help the reader to feel the story mentally and physically as well. We developed complete driver electronics for the system using multiple microcomputers and a full software suite which uses complex algorithms to decode the context from text or music and synchronize it to lighting and HVAC information. The paper also presents some case-study statistics which shows the advantage of using the system to teach kindergarten children, deaf and dumb children and for language learning classes.

Streetlight Control System Based on Wireless Communication over DALI Protocol

PubMed Central

Bellido-Outeiriño, Francisco José; Quiles-Latorre, Francisco Javier; Moreno-Moreno, Carlos Diego; Flores-Arias, José María; Moreno-García, Isabel; Ortiz-López, Manuel

2016-01-01

Public lighting represents a large part of the energy consumption of towns and cities. Efficient management of public lighting can entail significant energy savings. This work presents a smart system for managing public lighting networks based on wireless communication and the DALI protocol. Wireless communication entails significant economic savings, as there is no need to install new wiring and visual impacts and damage to the facades of historical buildings in city centers are avoided. The DALI protocol uses bidirectional communication with the ballast, which allows its status to be controlled and monitored at all times. The novelty of this work is that it tackles all aspects related to the management of public lighting: a standard protocol, DALI, was selected to control the ballast, a wireless node based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard with a DALI interface was designed, a network layer that considers the topology of the lighting network has been developed, and lastly, some user-friendly applications for the control and maintenance of the system by the technical crews of the different towns and cities have been developed. PMID:27128923

Improving School Lighting for Video Display Units.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parker-Jenkins, Marie; Parker-Jenkins, William

1985-01-01

Provides information to identify and implement the key characteristics which contribute to an efficient and comfortable visual display unit (VDU) lighting installation. Areas addressed include VDU lighting requirements, glare, lighting controls, VDU environment, lighting retrofit, optical filters, and lighting recommendations. A checklist to…

Integration& Operation of a Microgrid at Santa Rita Jail

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chevron Energy Solutions; Alameda County; DeForest, Nicholas

2011-05-01

Santa Rita Jail is a 4,500 inmate facility located in Dublin CA, approximately 40 miles (65 km) east of San Francisco. Over the past decade, a series of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) installations and efficiency measures have been undertaken to transform the 3MW facility into a"Green Jail". These include a 1.2MW rated rooftop PV system installed in 2002, a 1MW molten carbonate fuel cell with CHP, and retrofits to lighting and HVAC systems to reduce peak loads. With the upcoming installation of a large-scale battery and fast static disconnect switch, Santa Rita Jail will become a true microgrid, with fullmore » CERTS Microgrid functionality. Consequently, the jail will be able to seamlessly disconnect from the grid and operate as an island in the event of a disturbance, reconnecting again once the disturbance has dissipated. The extent to which that jail is capable of islanding is principally dependant on the energy capacity of the battery-one focus of this investigation. Also presented here are overviews of the DER currently installed at the jail, as well as the value it provides by offsetting the purchase of electricity under the current Pacific Gas& Electric (PG&E) tariff.« less

47 CFR 80.864 - Emergency electric lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Emergency electric lights. 80.864 Section 80... W § 80.864 Emergency electric lights. (a) Emergency electric light(s) must be installed to...) The emergency electric light(s) must be energized from the reserve power supply, if a reserve power...

47 CFR 80.864 - Emergency electric lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Emergency electric lights. 80.864 Section 80... W § 80.864 Emergency electric lights. (a) Emergency electric light(s) must be installed to...) The emergency electric light(s) must be energized from the reserve power supply, if a reserve power...

47 CFR 80.864 - Emergency electric lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Emergency electric lights. 80.864 Section 80... W § 80.864 Emergency electric lights. (a) Emergency electric light(s) must be installed to...) The emergency electric light(s) must be energized from the reserve power supply, if a reserve power...

47 CFR 80.864 - Emergency electric lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Emergency electric lights. 80.864 Section 80... W § 80.864 Emergency electric lights. (a) Emergency electric light(s) must be installed to...) The emergency electric light(s) must be energized from the reserve power supply, if a reserve power...

47 CFR 80.864 - Emergency electric lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Emergency electric lights. 80.864 Section 80... W § 80.864 Emergency electric lights. (a) Emergency electric light(s) must be installed to...) The emergency electric light(s) must be energized from the reserve power supply, if a reserve power...

Today's Leaders for a Sustainable Tomorrow

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wood, Bryan

2013-02-27

Today's Leaders for a Sustainable Tomorrow is a collaboration of five residential environmental learning centers (Audubon Center of the North Woods, Deep Portage Learning Center, Laurentian Environmental Center, Long Lake Conservation Center and Wolf Ridge Environmental Learning Center) that together increased energy efficiency, energy conservation and renewable energy technologies through a number of different means appropriate for each unique center. For energy efficiency upgrades the centers installed envelope improvements to seal air barriers through better insulation in walls, ceilings, windows, doors as well as the installation of more energy efficient windows, doors, lighting and air ventilation systems. Through energy sub-metermore » monitoring the centers are able to accurately chart the usage of energy at each of their campuses and eliminate unnecessary energy usage. Facilities reduced their dependence on fossil fuel energy sources through the installation of renewable energy technologies including wood gasification, solar domestic hot water, solar photovoltaic, solar air heat, geothermal heating and wind power. Centers also installed energy education displays on the specific renewable energy technologies used at the center.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kinzey, Bruce R.; Royer, Michael P.; Hadjian, M.

Nine different streetlighting products were installed on various streets in Kansas City, Missouri during February, 2011, to evaluate their performance relative to the incumbent high-pressure sodium (HPS) lighting. The applications investigated included 100 W, 150 W, 250 W, and 400 W HPS installations. Initial measurements and comparisons included power, illuminance, and luminance; sample illuminance readings have continued at each of the nine locations at roughly 1,000-hour operating intervals since then. All of the LED products consumed less power than their HPS counterparts—with a mean difference of 39% and a range of 31% to 51%—but they also emitted 31% fewer lumens,more » on average. The net result is just a 15% increase in mean efficacy. Applying the city’s stringent light loss factors to the initial measured data meant that five of the LED products (and two of the HPS luminaires) were predicted to eventually fail to meet the specified mean illuminance over their lifetimes; however, the specified light loss levels are not expected to be reached by the LED products until some distant future date (between 12 and 30 years after installation according to manufacturer specification sheet estimates). The practical value of designing streetlighting systems to meet illumination requirements more than 15 years in the future is questioned. Numerous sources of variation in field measurements are noted throughout the report, particularly seasonal influences such as ambient temperature and foliage that are evident in the time-series illuminance data.« less

Residential Solar Design Review: A Manual on Community Architectural Controls and Solar Energy Use.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jaffe, Martin; Erley, Duncan

Presented are architectural design issues associated with solar energy use, and procedures for design review committees to consider in examining residential solar installation in light of existing aesthetic goals for their communities. Recommended design review criteria include the type of solar system being used and the ways in which the system…

78 FR 65759 - Notice of Receipt of Petition for Decision That Nonconforming 2012 Ahlm SBT 16-25 Trailers Are...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-01

... electrical system during manufacture. Conforming conspicuity tape and lights were installed during... Than Passenger Cars: The vehicle is equipped with tires conforming to the requirements of the standard. Standard No. 120 Tire Selection and Rims for Motor Vehicles Other Than Passenger Cars: The vehicle will...

Minimizing lighting power density in office rooms equipped with Anidolic Daylighting Systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Linhart, Friedrich; Scartezzini, Jean-Louis

2010-04-15

Electric lighting is responsible for up to one third of an office building's electricity needs. Making daylight more available in office buildings can not only contribute to significant energy savings but also enhance the occupants' performance and wellbeing. Anidolic Daylighting Systems (ADS) are one type of very effective facade-integrated daylighting systems. All south-facing office rooms within the LESO solar experimental building in Lausanne (Switzerland) are equipped with a given type of ADS. A recent study has shown that these offices' occupants are highly satisfied with their lighting environment. The most energy-efficient south-facing offices have a lighting power density of lessmore » than 5W/m{sup 2}. The lighting situation within these ''best practice''-offices has been assessed using the lighting simulation software RELUX Vision. Because this lighting situation is very much appreciated by the occupants, it was used as a starting point for developing even more energy-efficient office lighting designs. Two new lighting designs, leading to lighting power densities of 3.9W/m{sup 2} and 3W/m{sup 2}, respectively, have been suggested and simulated with RELUX Vision. Simulation results have shown that the expected performances of these new systems are comparable to that of the current lighting installation within the ''best practice''-offices or even better. These simulation results have been confirmed during experiments on 20 human subjects in a test office room recently set up within the LESO building. This article gives engineers, architects and light planers valuable information and ideas on how to design energy-efficient and comfortable electric lighting systems in office rooms with abundant access to daylight. (author)« less

Natural light illumination system.

PubMed

Whang, Allen Jong-Woei; Chen, Yi-Yung; Yang, Shu-Hua; Pan, Po-Hsuan; Chou, Kao-Hsu; Lee, Yu-Chi; Lee, Zong-Yi; Chen, Chi-An; Chen, Cheng-Nan

2010-12-10

In recent years, green energy has undergone a lot of development and has been the subject of many applications. Many research studies have focused on illumination with sunlight as a means of saving energy and creating healthy lighting. Natural light illumination systems have collecting, transmitting, and lighting elements. Today, most daylight collectors use dynamic concentrators; these include Sun tracking systems. However, this design is too expensive to be cost effective. To create a low-cost collector that can be easily installed on a large building, we have designed a static concentrator, which is prismatic and cascadable, to collect sunlight for indoor illumination. The transmission component uses a large number of optical fibers. Because optical fibers are expensive, this means that most of the cost for the system will be related to transmission. In this paper, we also use a prismatic structure to design an optical coupler for coupling n to 1. With the n-to-1 coupler, the number of optical fibers necessary can be greatly reduced. Although this new natural light illumination system can effectively guide collected sunlight and send it to the basement or to other indoor places for healthy lighting, previously there has been no way to manage the collected sunlight when lighting was not desired. To solve this problem, we have designed an optical switch and a beam splitter to control and separate the transmitted light. When replacing traditional sources, the lighting should have similar characteristics, such as intensity distribution and geometric parameters, to those of traditional artificial sources. We have designed, simulated, and optimized an illumination lightpipe with a dot pattern to redistribute the collected sunlight from the natural light illumination system such that it equals the qualities of a traditional lighting system. We also provide an active lighting module that provides lighting from the natural light illumination system or LED auxiliary sources, depending on circumstances. The system is controlled by a light detector. We used optical simulation tools to design and simulate the efficiency of the active module. Finally, we used the natural light illumination system to provide natural illumination for a traffic tunnel. This system will provide a great number of benefits for the people who use it.

Energy conservation in ice skating rinks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dietrich, B.K.; McAvoy, T.J.

1980-01-01

An economic and energy analysis of ice rinks was made to examine the areas in which energy could be profitably conserved. The areas where new equipment could make a major reduction in energy use are: the use of waste heat for space heating, the installation of a low emissivity false ceiling to reduce radiant heat, the use of a load cycling controller to reduce refrigeration costs, and the installation of more efficient lighting systems. Changes in rink operating procedure that could cut energy use are: higher refrigerant temperatures, thinner ice, the use of colder resurfacing water, turning the compressors andmore » pumps off at night, and reducing ventilation.« less

The use of geoinformation technologies for renewable energy and regional aspects of developing renewable energy in Russia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rafikova, Y. Y.; Kiseleva, S. V.; Nefedova, L. V.; Frid, S. E.

2014-12-01

The work presents the results of development of the geoinformation system "Renewable Energy Sources of Russia". Regional maps of installations and resources are presented. The problem of determination of small hydropower potential connected with the shortage of hydrological data is stated. Assessment of efficiency of techno-economic analysis of simulation-based autonomous solar lighting systems is described. Overview of regional experience, policies and targets is included.

Demonstration Program for Low-Cost, High-Energy-Saving Dynamic Windows

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

Design The scope of this project was to demonstrate the impact of dynamic windows via energy savings and HVAC peak-load reduction; to validate the...temperature and glare. While the installed dynamic window system does not directly control the HVAC or lighting of the facility, those systems are designed ...optimize energy efficiency and HVAC load management. The conversion to inoperable windows caused an unforeseen reluctance to accept the design and

Zinc Bromide Flow Battery Installation for Islanding and Backup Power

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-18

ability to control the generation has become more difficult with the increase of renewable energy systems such as solar photovoltaics ( PV ) and wind... PV and Inverter Room Building 6311 Rooftop Solar PV 30kW 232kW STC PV Array B5-PS2T33 Pad Switchboard ZnBr Energy Storage System (ESS) PowerBoxEnergy...Agreement • 1.5 MW of Photovoltaic • PV Parking lot lights • 24 Solar Thermal systems including the Combat Training Tank (Pool) Energy/Water Efficiency

Solar photovoltaics for development applications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shepperd, L.W.; Richards, E.H.

1993-08-01

This document introduces photovoltaic technology to individuals and groups specializing in development activities. Examples of actual installations illustrate the many services supplied by photovoltaic systems in development applications, including water pumping, lighting, health care, refrigeration, communications, and a variety of productive uses. The various aspects of the technology are explored to help potential users evaluate whether photovoltaics can assist them in achieving their organizational goals. Basic system design, financing techniques, and the importance of infrastructure are included, along with additional sources of information and major US photovoltaic system suppliers.

14 CFR 27.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Landing lights. 27.1383 Section 27.1383... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

14 CFR 29.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Landing lights. 29.1383 Section 29.1383... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

14 CFR 29.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Landing lights. 29.1383 Section 29.1383... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

14 CFR 27.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Landing lights. 27.1383 Section 27.1383... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

14 CFR 29.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Landing lights. 29.1383 Section 29.1383... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

14 CFR 29.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Landing lights. 29.1383 Section 29.1383... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

14 CFR 27.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Landing lights. 27.1383 Section 27.1383... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

14 CFR 29.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Landing lights. 29.1383 Section 29.1383... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

14 CFR 27.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Landing lights. 27.1383 Section 27.1383... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

14 CFR 27.1383 - Landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Landing lights. 27.1383 Section 27.1383... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1383 Landing lights. (a) Each required landing or hovering light must be approved. (b) Each landing light must be installed so that— (1) No...

Development of a PET/Cerenkov-light hybrid imaging system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yamamoto, Seiichi, E-mail: s-yama@met.nagoya-u.ac.jp; Hamamura, Fuka; Kato, Katsuhiko

2014-09-15

Purpose: Cerenkov-light imaging is a new molecular imaging technology that detects visible photons from high-speed electrons using a high sensitivity optical camera. However, the merit of Cerenkov-light imaging remains unclear. If a PET/Cerenkov-light hybrid imaging system were developed, the merit of Cerenkov-light imaging would be clarified by directly comparing these two imaging modalities. Methods: The authors developed and tested a PET/Cerenkov-light hybrid imaging system that consists of a dual-head PET system, a reflection mirror located above the subject, and a high sensitivity charge coupled device (CCD) camera. The authors installed these systems inside a black box for imaging the Cerenkov-light.more » The dual-head PET system employed a 1.2 × 1.2 × 10 mm{sup 3} GSO arranged in a 33 × 33 matrix that was optically coupled to a position sensitive photomultiplier tube to form a GSO block detector. The authors arranged two GSO block detectors 10 cm apart and positioned the subject between them. The Cerenkov-light above the subject is reflected by the mirror and changes its direction to the side of the PET system and is imaged by the high sensitivity CCD camera. Results: The dual-head PET system had a spatial resolution of ∼1.2 mm FWHM and sensitivity of ∼0.31% at the center of the FOV. The Cerenkov-light imaging system's spatial resolution was ∼275μm for a {sup 22}Na point source. Using the combined PET/Cerenkov-light hybrid imaging system, the authors successfully obtained fused images from simultaneously acquired images. The image distributions are sometimes different due to the light transmission and absorption in the body of the subject in the Cerenkov-light images. In simultaneous imaging of rat, the authors found that {sup 18}F-FDG accumulation was observed mainly in the Harderian gland on the PET image, while the distribution of Cerenkov-light was observed in the eyes. Conclusions: The authors conclude that their developed PET/Cerenkov-light hybrid imaging system is useful to evaluate the merits and the limitations of Cerenkov-light imaging in molecular imaging research.« less

A transverse bunch by bunch feedback system for Pohang Light Source upgrade

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, E.-H.; Kim, D.-T.; Huang, J.-Y.; Shin, S.; Nakamura, T.; Kobayashi, K.

2014-12-01

The Pohang Light Source upgrade (PLS-II) project has successfully upgraded the Pohang Light Source (PLS). The main goals of the PLS-II project are to increase the beam energy to 3 GeV, increase the number of insertion devices by a factor of two (20 IDs), increase the beam current to 400 mA, and at the same time reduce the beam emittance to below 10 nm by using the existing PLS tunnel and injection system. Among 20 insertion devices, 10 narrow gap in-vacuum undulators are in operation now and two more in-vacuum undulators are to be installed later. Since these narrow gap in-vacuum undulators are most likely to produce coupled bunch instability by the resistive wall impedance and limit the stored beam current, a bunch by bunch feedback system is implemented to suppress coupled bunch instability in the PLS-II. This paper describes the scheme and performance of the PLS-II bunch by bunch feedback system.

Hall station and camera system operation and maintenance manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Piekutowski, A. J.; Strader, E. A.

1986-01-01

The major components of the Hall station and camera system are described. The Hall film record of an event provides the time of flight of the projectile between the slits. A time mark generator is used to supply extremely short pulses of light at a known frequency. These pulses of light are used to produce timing marks on the edge of the film. Comparison of these marks with the spacing of the projectile images provides the information necessary to determine the time of flight of the projectile. Since the slits are installed with a known separation distance, calculation of the velocity of any object passing both slits is a simple matter.

Development of an Ultra-Light Multipurpose Drill and Tooling for the Transportable Array in Alaska

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coyle, B. J.; Lundgren, M.; Busby, R. W.

2014-12-01

Over the next four years the EarthScope Transportable Array (TA) will install approximately 250 to 275 broadband seismic stations in Alaska and Western Canada. The station plans build on recent developments in posthole broadband seismometer design and call for sensors to be installed in boreholes 7 inches diameter, from 1 to 5 meters deep. These boreholes will be lined with PVC or steel casing, grouted in place. The proposed station locations are in a grid-like pattern with a nominal spacing of 85 km. Since most of these locations will only be accessible by helicopter, it was necessary to develop an ultra-light drilling system that could be transported to site in one sling load by a high performance light helicopter (i.e. AS350B2 or Bell 407) and still be able to drill the variety of ground conditions we expect to encounter. In the past year we have developed a working prototype, gasoline-hydraulic drill rig that can be configured to run auger, diamond core or DTH tools, and weighs <1,300 lbs, including tooling. We have successfully drilled over 30 boreholes with this drill, including 12 for TA installations in Alaska and 13 at the Piñon Flat Observatory for testing sensor performance and placement techniques. Our drilling solution comprises: - Hydraulic system using a variable flow pump with on-demand load sensing valves to reduce the engine size needed and to cut down on heat build-up; - Rotation head mounting system on the travelling block to enable quick change of drilling tools; - Low speed, high torque rotation head for the auger, and an anchoring system that enables us to apply up to 5,000 lbs downforce for augering in permafrost; - Custom DTH that can run on low air pressure and air flow, yet is still robust enough to drill a 7 inch hole 2.5 meters through solid rock; - One-trip casing advance drilling with the DTH, steel casing is loaded at the start of drilling and follows the drill bit down; - Grout-through bottom caps for sealing the borehole casing and cementing it in place. Our next step is to build a dedicated DTH drilling system that will be light enough to mobilize to sites in one helicopter sling, including an air compressor. This rig is currently on the drawing board and we expect to build it this winter for field testing in the spring.

47 CFR 80.925 - Electric light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Electric light. 80.925 Section 80.925... MARITIME SERVICES Compulsory Radiotelephone Installations for Small Passenger Boats § 80.925 Electric light. (a) If the vessel is navigated at night an electric light or dial lights which clearly illuminate the...

47 CFR 80.925 - Electric light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Electric light. 80.925 Section 80.925... MARITIME SERVICES Compulsory Radiotelephone Installations for Small Passenger Boats § 80.925 Electric light. (a) If the vessel is navigated at night an electric light or dial lights which clearly illuminate the...

47 CFR 80.925 - Electric light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Electric light. 80.925 Section 80.925... MARITIME SERVICES Compulsory Radiotelephone Installations for Small Passenger Boats § 80.925 Electric light. (a) If the vessel is navigated at night an electric light or dial lights which clearly illuminate the...

47 CFR 80.925 - Electric light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Electric light. 80.925 Section 80.925... MARITIME SERVICES Compulsory Radiotelephone Installations for Small Passenger Boats § 80.925 Electric light. (a) If the vessel is navigated at night an electric light or dial lights which clearly illuminate the...

47 CFR 80.925 - Electric light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Electric light. 80.925 Section 80.925... MARITIME SERVICES Compulsory Radiotelephone Installations for Small Passenger Boats § 80.925 Electric light. (a) If the vessel is navigated at night an electric light or dial lights which clearly illuminate the...

Motorist actions at a crosswalk with an in-pavement flashing light system.

PubMed

Karkee, Ganesh J; Nambisan, Shashi S; Pulugurtha, Srinivas S

2010-12-01

An in-pavement flashing light system is used at crosswalks to alert motorists and pedestrians of possible conflicts and to influence their behavior to enhance safety. The relative behaviors of the drivers and the pedestrians affect safety. An evaluation of motorist behavior at a pedestrian crosswalk with an in-pavement flashing light system is presented in this manuscript. Field observations provide the basis to evaluate motorist behavior at a crosswalk with an in-pavement flashing light system. Outcomes of pedestrian and motorists actions were observed to quantify measures of effectiveness (MOEs) such as yielding behavior of motorists, vehicle speeds, and yielding distance from the crosswalk. A before-and-after study design was used. The before condition was prior to the activation of the in-pavement flashing light system and the after condition was after the activation of the in-pavement flashing light system. The study was conducted on a relatively low-volume roadway located in the Henderson, Nevada. The significance of the differences in the MOEs between the 2 study periods was evaluated using statistical analysis tools such as a one-tailed test for proportions and the Welch-Satterthwaite t-test. The results show that the installation of the in-pavement flashing light system increased the yielding behavior of motorists significantly (P < 0.001). The vehicular speeds decreased when pedestrians were waiting at the curb to cross and when they were crossing (P < 0.001). Motorists yielded to pedestrians on an average about 3 m (∼10 feet) upstream from the yield markings and the yielding distances were consistent in both directions. The in-pavement flashing light system is seen to be effective to improve motorists' yielding behavior and the speeds of vehicles were also observed to decrease in the presence of pedestrians.

View of button board which accommodates the 1200 button switches ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of button board which accommodates the 1200 button switches which manually control the indicating pilot lights on the model board. Not all switches are active, some switches were installed for a planned, but never constructed, system expansion. - Thirtieth Street Station, Load Dispatch Center, Thirtieth & Market Streets, Railroad Station, Amtrak (formerly Pennsylvania Railroad Station), Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

46 CFR 27.203 - What are the requirements for fire detection on towing vessels?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...— (a) Each detector, each control panel, and each fire alarm are approved under 46 CFR subpart 161.002...; (c) The system is arranged and installed so a fire in the engine room automatically sets off alarms... light; (2) Both an audible alarm to notify crew at the operating station of fire and visible alarms to...

46 CFR 27.203 - What are the requirements for fire detection on towing vessels?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...— (a) Each detector, each control panel, and each fire alarm are approved under 46 CFR subpart 161.002...; (c) The system is arranged and installed so a fire in the engine room automatically sets off alarms... light; (2) Both an audible alarm to notify crew at the operating station of fire and visible alarms to...

46 CFR 27.203 - What are the requirements for fire detection on towing vessels?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...— (a) Each detector, each control panel, and each fire alarm are approved under 46 CFR subpart 161.002...; (c) The system is arranged and installed so a fire in the engine room automatically sets off alarms... light; (2) Both an audible alarm to notify crew at the operating station of fire and visible alarms to...

46 CFR 27.203 - What are the requirements for fire detection on towing vessels?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...— (a) Each detector, each control panel, and each fire alarm are approved under 46 CFR subpart 161.002...; (c) The system is arranged and installed so a fire in the engine room automatically sets off alarms... light; (2) Both an audible alarm to notify crew at the operating station of fire and visible alarms to...

Development of miniaturized light endoscope-holder robot for laparoscopic surgery.

PubMed

Long, Jean-Alexandre; Cinquin, Philippe; Troccaz, Jocelyne; Voros, Sandrine; Berkelman, Peter; Descotes, Jean-Luc; Letoublon, Christian; Rambeaud, Jean-Jacques

2007-08-01

We have conducted experiments with an innovatively designed robot endoscope holder for laparoscopic surgery that is small and low cost. A compact light endoscope robot (LER) that is placed on the patient's skin and can be used with the patient in the lateral or dorsal supine position was tested on cadavers and laboratory pigs in order to allow successive modifications. The current control system is based on voice recognition. The range of vision is 360 degrees with an angle of 160 degrees . Twenty-three procedures were performed. The tests made it possible to advance the prototype on a variety of aspects, including reliability, steadiness, ergonomics, and dimensions. The ease of installation of the robot, which takes only 5 minutes, and the easy handling made it possible for 21 of the 23 procedures to be performed without an assistant. The LER is a camera holder guided by the surgeon's voice that can eliminate the need for an assistant during laparoscopic surgery. The ease of installation and manufacture should make it an effective and inexpensive system for use on patients in the lateral and dorsal supine positions. Randomized clinical trials will soon validate a new version of this robot prior to marketing.

14 CFR 27.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Riding light. 27.1399 Section 27.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 25.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Riding light. 25.1399 Section 25.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 25.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for...

14 CFR 29.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Riding light. 29.1399 Section 29.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 27.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Riding light. 27.1399 Section 27.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 25.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Riding light. 25.1399 Section 25.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 25.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for...

14 CFR 29.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Riding light. 29.1399 Section 29.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 29.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Riding light. 29.1399 Section 29.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 27.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Riding light. 27.1399 Section 27.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 27.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Riding light. 27.1399 Section 27.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 25.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Riding light. 25.1399 Section 25.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 25.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for...

14 CFR 25.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Riding light. 25.1399 Section 25.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 25.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for...

14 CFR 29.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Riding light. 29.1399 Section 29.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 29.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Riding light. 29.1399 Section 29.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 29.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 27.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Riding light. 27.1399 Section 27.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Equipment Lights § 27.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding light required for water operation must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for at least two...

14 CFR 25.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Riding light. 25.1399 Section 25.1399... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 25.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian must be installed so that it can— (1) Show a white light for...

Performance Comparison of Four SolarWorld Module Technologies at the US DOE Regional Test Center in New Mexico: November 2016 - March 2017.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burnham, Laurie; Lave, Matthew Samuel; Stein, Joshua

This report provides a preliminary (three month) analysis for the SolarWorld system installed at the New Mexico Regional Test Center (RTC.) The 8.7kW, four-string system consists of four module types): bifacial, mono-crystalline, mono-crystalline glass-glass and polycrystalline. Overall, the SolarWorld system has performed well to date: most strings closely match their specification-sheet module temperature coefficients and Sandia 's f lash tests show that Pmax values are well within expectations. Although the polycrystalline modules underperformed, the results may be a function of light exposure, as well as mismatch within the string, and not a production flaw. The instantaneous bifacial gains for SolarWorldmore » 's Bisun modules were modest but it should be noted that the RTC racking is not optimized for bifacial modules, nor is albedo optimized at the site. Additional analysis, not only of the SolarWorld installation in New Mexico but of the SolarWorld installations at the Vermont and Florida RTCs will be provide much more information regarding the comparative performance of the four module types.« less

14 CFR 23.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 23... Equipment Instruments: Installation § 23.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution, or...— (a) Red, for warning lights (lights indicating a hazard which may require immediate corrective action...

14 CFR 23.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 23... Equipment Instruments: Installation § 23.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution, or...— (a) Red, for warning lights (lights indicating a hazard which may require immediate corrective action...

14 CFR 23.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 23... Equipment Instruments: Installation § 23.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution, or...— (a) Red, for warning lights (lights indicating a hazard which may require immediate corrective action...

14 CFR 23.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 23... Equipment Instruments: Installation § 23.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution, or...— (a) Red, for warning lights (lights indicating a hazard which may require immediate corrective action...

14 CFR 23.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 23... Equipment Instruments: Installation § 23.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution, or...— (a) Red, for warning lights (lights indicating a hazard which may require immediate corrective action...

14 CFR 31.65 - Position lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Position lights. 31.65 Section 31.65... STANDARDS: MANNED FREE BALLOONS Design Construction § 31.65 Position lights. (a) If position lights are installed, there must be one steady aviation white position light and one flashing aviation red (or flashing...

14 CFR 23.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Riding light. 23.1399 Section 23.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 23.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian, must be installed so that it...

24 CFR 3285.702 - Miscellaneous lights and fixtures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Miscellaneous lights and fixtures... Equipment § 3285.702 Miscellaneous lights and fixtures. (a) When the home is installed, exterior lighting... canopy and the wiring outlet box. (d) Exterior lights. (1) The junction box covers must be removed and...

14 CFR 31.65 - Position lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Position lights. 31.65 Section 31.65... STANDARDS: MANNED FREE BALLOONS Design Construction § 31.65 Position lights. (a) If position lights are installed, there must be one steady aviation white position light and one flashing aviation red (or flashing...

14 CFR 31.65 - Position lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Position lights. 31.65 Section 31.65... STANDARDS: MANNED FREE BALLOONS Design Construction § 31.65 Position lights. (a) If position lights are installed, there must be one steady aviation white position light and one flashing aviation red (or flashing...

14 CFR 23.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Riding light. 23.1399 Section 23.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 23.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian, must be installed so that it...

14 CFR 31.65 - Position lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Position lights. 31.65 Section 31.65... STANDARDS: MANNED FREE BALLOONS Design Construction § 31.65 Position lights. (a) If position lights are installed, there must be one steady aviation white position light and one flashing aviation red (or flashing...

24 CFR 3285.702 - Miscellaneous lights and fixtures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Miscellaneous lights and fixtures... Equipment § 3285.702 Miscellaneous lights and fixtures. (a) When the home is installed, exterior lighting... canopy and the wiring outlet box. (d) Exterior lights. (1) The junction box covers must be removed and...

24 CFR 3285.702 - Miscellaneous lights and fixtures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Miscellaneous lights and fixtures... Equipment § 3285.702 Miscellaneous lights and fixtures. (a) When the home is installed, exterior lighting... canopy and the wiring outlet box. (d) Exterior lights. (1) The junction box covers must be removed and...

14 CFR 23.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Riding light. 23.1399 Section 23.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 23.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian, must be installed so that it...

24 CFR 3285.702 - Miscellaneous lights and fixtures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Miscellaneous lights and fixtures... Equipment § 3285.702 Miscellaneous lights and fixtures. (a) When the home is installed, exterior lighting... canopy and the wiring outlet box. (d) Exterior lights. (1) The junction box covers must be removed and...

14 CFR 31.65 - Position lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Position lights. 31.65 Section 31.65... STANDARDS: MANNED FREE BALLOONS Design Construction § 31.65 Position lights. (a) If position lights are installed, there must be one steady aviation white position light and one flashing aviation red (or flashing...

24 CFR 3285.702 - Miscellaneous lights and fixtures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Miscellaneous lights and fixtures... Equipment § 3285.702 Miscellaneous lights and fixtures. (a) When the home is installed, exterior lighting... canopy and the wiring outlet box. (d) Exterior lights. (1) The junction box covers must be removed and...

14 CFR 23.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Riding light. 23.1399 Section 23.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 23.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian, must be installed so that it...

14 CFR 23.1399 - Riding light.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Riding light. 23.1399 Section 23.1399... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 23.1399 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian, must be installed so that it...

KSC-01pp1760

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-11-29

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Fully unwrapped, the Advanced Camera for Surveys, which is suspended by an overhead crane, is checked over by workers. Part of the payload on the Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission, STS-109, the ACS will increase the discovery efficiency of the HST by a factor of ten. It consists of three electronic cameras and a complement of filters and dispersers that detect light from the ultraviolet to the near infrared (1200 - 10,000 angstroms). The ACS was built through a collaborative effort between Johns Hopkins University, Goddard Space Flight Center, Ball Aerospace Corporation and Space Telescope Science Institute. Tasks for the mission include replacing Solar Array 2 with Solar Array 3, replacing the Power Control Unit, removing the Faint Object Camera and installing the ACS, installing the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) Cooling System, and installing New Outer Blanket Layer insulation on bays 5 through 8. Mission STS-109 is scheduled for launch Feb. 14, 2002

Informational Report on Lighting Design for Midblock Crosswalks

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-04-01

This report provides information on lighting parameters and design criteria that should be considered when installing fixed roadway lighting for midblock crosswalks. The information is based on static and dynamic experiments of driver performance wit...

Installation of solar PV systems in Sri Lanka

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fernando, M.P.T.P.

1995-10-01

The tropical country of Sri Lanka has hydroelectric power plants sufficient to provide electricity to only 40% of its 25,000 villages. The electric power needs of the average Sri Lankan rural communities are basic: three or four lights to illuminate their house and a power supply for their televisions. Solar radiation is abundant throughout the year. To take advantage of this resource, the Sarvodaya Rural Technical Services launched a Solar PV pilot demonstration project in the rural areas not served by the electric grid. The systems were being installed on an individual residence basis and funded by loans. Social andmore » cultural problems which have arisen during the course of the project have slowed its implementation. This study identifies the problems and makes recommendations to resolve the current problems and avoid new ones.« less

A 10kW photovoltaic/hybrid system for Pinnacles National Monument

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ball, T.J.; DeNio, D.

1997-12-31

Visitors to the Chaparral area of the Pinnacles National Monument now can enjoy this beautiful section of the park without the constant drone of diesel generators, thanks to a recently installed photovoltaic/hybrid system. Electrical power had been supplied by two 100 KW diesel generators operating 24 hours per day. The diesels were running lightly loaded resulting in poor efficiency and high operating cost. Applied Power Corporation under contract with the National Park Service designed and supplied a 10 KW photovoltaic array, 200 KW hr battery bank and 24 KW of inverters to power the maintenance facility, visitor center and rangermore » residences. A new 20 KW propane generator was installed to provide supplemental power, totally eliminating the storage and transport of diesel fuel at this site. The Pinnacles PV/Hybrid system was brought on line in early 1996 and the park is now benefiting from the cost savings associated with the system.« less

Economic impact and policy implications from urban shared transportation: The case of Pittsburgh’s shared bike system

PubMed Central

Zacharias, Christos; Kokkodis, Marios; Lappas, Theodoros

2017-01-01

During the last years the number of cities that have installed and started operating shared bike systems has significantly increased. These systems provide an alternative and sustainable mean of transportation to the city dwellers. Apart from the energy sustainability benefits, shared bike systems can have a positive effect on residents’ health, air quality and the overall condition of the currently crumbling road network infrastructure. Anecdotal stories and survey studies have also identified that bike lanes have a positive impact on local businesses. In this study, driven by the rapid adoption of shared bike systems by city governments and their potential positive effects on a number of urban life facets we opt to study and quantify the value of these systems. We focus on a specific aspect of this value and use evidence from the real estate market in the city of Pittsburgh to analyze the effect on dwellers’ properties of the shared bike system installed in the city in June 2015. We use quasi-experimental techniques and find that the shared bike system led to an increase in the housing prices (both sales and rental prices) in the zip codes where shared bike stations were installed. We further bring into the light potential negative consequences of this impact (i.e., gentrification) and discuss/propose two public policies that can exploit the impact of the system for the benefit of both the local government as well as the city dwellers. PMID:28859121

Economic impact and policy implications from urban shared transportation: The case of Pittsburgh's shared bike system.

PubMed

Pelechrinis, Konstantinos; Zacharias, Christos; Kokkodis, Marios; Lappas, Theodoros

2017-01-01

During the last years the number of cities that have installed and started operating shared bike systems has significantly increased. These systems provide an alternative and sustainable mean of transportation to the city dwellers. Apart from the energy sustainability benefits, shared bike systems can have a positive effect on residents' health, air quality and the overall condition of the currently crumbling road network infrastructure. Anecdotal stories and survey studies have also identified that bike lanes have a positive impact on local businesses. In this study, driven by the rapid adoption of shared bike systems by city governments and their potential positive effects on a number of urban life facets we opt to study and quantify the value of these systems. We focus on a specific aspect of this value and use evidence from the real estate market in the city of Pittsburgh to analyze the effect on dwellers' properties of the shared bike system installed in the city in June 2015. We use quasi-experimental techniques and find that the shared bike system led to an increase in the housing prices (both sales and rental prices) in the zip codes where shared bike stations were installed. We further bring into the light potential negative consequences of this impact (i.e., gentrification) and discuss/propose two public policies that can exploit the impact of the system for the benefit of both the local government as well as the city dwellers.

FLASH fly-by-light flight control demonstration results overview

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Halski, Don J.

1996-10-01

The Fly-By-Light Advanced Systems Hardware (FLASH) program developed Fly-By-Light (FBL) and Power-By-Wire (PBW) technologies for military and commercial aircraft. FLASH consists of three tasks. Task 1 developed the fiber optic cable, connectors, testers and installation and maintenance procedures. Task 3 developed advanced smart, rotary thin wing and electro-hydrostatic (EHA) actuators. Task 2, which is the subject of this paper,l focused on integration of fiber optic sensors and data buses with cable plant components from Task 1 and actuators from Task 3 into centralized and distributed flight control systems. Both open loop and piloted hardware-in-the-loop demonstrations were conducted with centralized and distributed flight control architectures incorporating the AS-1773A optical bus, active hand controllers, optical sensors, optimal flight control laws in high speed 32-bit processors, and neural networks for EHA monitoring and fault diagnosis. This paper overviews the systems level testing conducted under the FLASH Flight Control task. Preliminary results are summarized. Companion papers provide additional information.

Solar central receiver heliostat reflector assembly

DOEpatents

Horton, Richard H.; Zdeb, John J.

1980-01-01

A heliostat reflector assembly for a solar central receiver system comprises a light-weight, readily assemblable frame which supports a sheet of stretchable reflective material and includes mechanism for selectively applying tension to and positioning the sheet to stretch it to optical flatness. The frame is mounted on and supported by a pipe pedestal assembly that, in turn, is installed in the ground. The frame is controllably driven in a predetermined way by a light-weight drive system so as to be angularly adjustable in both elevation and azimuth to track the sun and efficiently continuously reflect the sun's rays to a focal zone, i.e. central receiver, which forms part of a solar energy utilization system, such as a solar energy fueled electrical power generation system. The frame may include a built-in system for testing for optical flatness of the reflector. The preferable geometric configuration of the reflector is octagonal; however, it may be other shapes, such as hexagonal, pentagonal or square. Several different embodiments of means for tensioning and positioning the reflector to achieve optical flatness are disclosed. The reflector assembly is based on the stretch frame concept which provides an extremely light-weight, simple, low-cost reflector assembly that may be driven for positioning and tracking by a light-weight, inexpensive drive system.

Developing daisy chain receivers for light-emitting diode illumination adopting the digital multiplex-512 protocol.

PubMed

Um, Keehong; Yoo, Sooyeup

2013-10-01

Protocol for digital multiplex with 512 pieces of information is increasingly adopted in the design of illumination systems. In conventional light-emitting diode systems, the receivers are connected in parallel and each of the receiving units receives all the data from the master dimmer console, but each receiving unit operates by recognizing as its own data that which corresponds to the assigned number of the receiver. Because the serial numbers of illumination devices are transmitted in binary code, synchronization is too complicated to be used properly. In order to improve the protocol of illumination control systems, we propose an algorithm of protocol reception to install and manage the system in a simpler and more convenient way. We propose the systems for controlling the light-emitting diode illumination of simplified receiver slaves adopting the digital multiplex-512 protocol where master console and multiple receiver slaves are connected in a daisy chain fashion. The digital multiplex-512 data packet is received according to the sequence order of their locations from the console, without assigning the sequence number of each channel at the receiving device. The purpose of this paper is to design a simple and small-sized controller for the control systems of lamps and lighting adopting the digital multiplex-512 network.

14 CFR 23.1383 - Taxi and landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Taxi and landing lights. 23.1383 Section 23... AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 23.1383 Taxi and landing lights. Each taxi and landing light must be designed and installed so that: (a) No...

14 CFR 23.1383 - Taxi and landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Taxi and landing lights. 23.1383 Section 23... AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 23.1383 Taxi and landing lights. Each taxi and landing light must be designed and installed so that: (a) No...

14 CFR 23.1383 - Taxi and landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Taxi and landing lights. 23.1383 Section 23... AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 23.1383 Taxi and landing lights. Each taxi and landing light must be designed and installed so that: (a) No...

14 CFR 23.1383 - Taxi and landing lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Taxi and landing lights. 23.1383 Section 23... AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Equipment Lights § 23.1383 Taxi and landing lights. Each taxi and landing light must be designed and installed so that: (a) No...

Light Pipe Energy Savings Calculator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Owens, Erin; Behringer, Ernest R.

2009-04-01

Dependence on fossil fuels is unsustainable and therefore a shift to renewable energy sources such as sunlight is required. Light pipes provide a way to utilize sunlight for interior lighting, and can reduce the need for fossil fuel-generated electrical energy. Because consumers considering light pipe installation may be more strongly motivated by cost considerations than by sustainability arguments, an easy means to examine the corresponding costs and benefits is needed to facilitate informed decision-making. The purpose of this American Physical Society Physics and Society Fellowship project is to create a Web-based calculator to allow users to quantify the possible cost savings for their specific light pipe application. Initial calculations show that the illumination provided by light pipes can replace electric light use during the day, and in many cases can supply greater illumination levels than those typically given by electric lighting. While the installation cost of a light pipe is significantly greater than the avoided cost of electricity over the lifetime of the light pipe at current prices, savings may be realized if electricity prices increase.

Development of high-order harmonic focusing system based on ellipsoidal mirror

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Motoyama, H.; Takei, Y.; Kume, T.

2016-05-15

We have developed a focusing system for extreme ultraviolet light produced by high-order harmonic generation. An ellipsoidal mirror with a precise surface shape was fabricated and installed into the focusing system. A rigid mirror manipulator and a beam profiler were employed to perform precise and stable mirror alignment. As a demonstration of the focusing performance, high-order harmonics in the wavelength range of 13.5–19.5 nm were successfully focused into a 2.4 × 2.3 μm{sup 2} spot.

Strong light illumination on gain-switched semiconductor lasers helps the eavesdropper in practical quantum key distribution systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fei, Yang-yang; Meng, Xiang-dong; Gao, Ming; Yang, Yi; Wang, Hong; Ma, Zhi

2018-07-01

The temperature of the semiconductor diode increases under strong light illumination whether thermoelectric cooler is installed or not, which changes the output wavelength of the laser (Lee et al., 2017). However, other characteristics also vary as temperature increases. These variations may help the eavesdropper in practical quantum key distribution systems. We study the effects of temperature increase on gain-switched semiconductor lasers by simulating temperature dependent rate equations. The results show that temperature increase may cause large intensity fluctuation, decrease the output intensity and lead the signal state and decoy state distinguishable. We also propose a modified photon number splitting attack by exploiting the effects of temperature increase. Countermeasures are also proposed.

An Analysis of Electrical Consumption at Representative Army Installations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

can be done by analyzing and optimizing HVAC system and building operation. For example, if the minimum hourly usage (demand) of a typical bachelor...equipment. (Major candidates for scheduling are air-handler motors, chillers , air compressors, exhaust fans, exterior lights, hot water heaters, and hot...location: Thermostats Setpoint Measured Limiters Setback Area Temperature Temperature Yes No Yes No Are night setback thermostats recommended? Yes _ No

Defense Energy Support Center Fact Book FY 2007

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-21

3 M 21 years Fort Monmouth, NJ Lighting Upgrade, HVAC Renovation , UESC Implementation, GHP, Cogeneration System Site Preparation/Feasibility Ameresco...behalf of Navy Installations in the Sicily, Sardinia and Campania regions of Italy . Awards were made to two companies, ENEL Energia and Energia y...funded $333 million for SRM projects to maintain and renovate military Services owned fuels facilities worldwide . This amount was nearly double the

Energy Savings and Persistence from an Energy Services Performance Contract at an Army Base

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-10-01

control system upgrades, lighting retrofits, vending machine controls, and cooling tower variable frequency drivers (VFDs). To accomplish the...controls were installed in the vending machines , and for the 87018 thermal plant, cooling tower VFDs were implemented. To develop baseline models...identify the reasons of improved or deteriorated energy performance of the buildings. For example, periodic submetering of the vending machines

Design, Synthesis, and Isomerization Studies of Light-Driven Molecular Motors for Single Molecular Imaging

PubMed Central

2018-01-01

The design of a multicomponent system that aims at the direct visualization of a synthetic rotary motor at the single molecule level on surfaces is presented. The synthesis of two functional motors enabling photochemical rotation and fluorescent detection is described. The light-driven molecular motor is found to operate in the presence of a fluorescent tag if a rigid long rod (32 Å) is installed between both photoactive moieties. The photochemical isomerization and subsequent thermal helix inversion steps are confirmed by 1H NMR and UV–vis absorption spectroscopies. In addition, the tetra-acid functioned motor can be successfully grafted onto amine-coated quartz and it is shown that the light responsive rotary motion on surfaces is preserved. PMID:29741383

2015 U.S. Lighting Market Characterization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

The latest version of the U.S. Lighting Market Characterization estimates the installed stock, energy use, and lumen production of all general-illumination lighting products operating in the U.S. in 2015. Latest update in an ongoing series of reports.

Photovoltaic generating systems in rural schools in Neuquen Province, Argentina

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lawand, T.A.; Campbell, J.

1997-12-01

During the period 1994-95, solar photovoltaic systems were installed at a number of schools in Neuquen Province, Argentina, by the Provincial electric utility, Ente Provincial de Energia del Neuquen. This was undertaken with funds provided by the Inter-American Development Bank. In all, there are 12 schools that have had photovoltaic generating systems installed. These generating systems are designed to provide electricity for the basic needs at the schools: primarily for lighting, and to operate small electrical appliances such as communication radios, televisions, VCR`s, AM/FM and short-wave radios. They do not provide enough energy to operate large consumption appliances such asmore » washing machines, microwaves, refrigerators, power tools, etc. The program of provision of PV systems was supplemented with training on simple systems for cooking food or drying fruit, etc. These techniques are primarily intended for demonstration at the schools thus serving an educational role with the hope that they will be transmitted in time to the families of the students where the need is manifested the most.« less

Installation, commissioning and performance of IDs installed at ALBA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Campmany, J.; Marcos, J.; Massana, V.; Becheri, F.; Gigante, J. V.; Colldelram, C.; Ribó, Ll

2013-03-01

The new synchrotron light source ALBA is currently starting regular operation. Up to 6 beamlines are using light produced by Insertion Devices. There are up to four types of IDs: 2 Apple-II undulators (EU62 and EU71) operating at low energies, one conventional wiggler (MPW80) operating in the range of 2 - 20 keV, two in-vacuum undulators (IVU21) operating in the range 5 - 30 keV and a superconducting wiggler (SCW30) operating in the range of (up to) 40 keV. The main IDs characteristics, their influence on the beam dynamics and a first characterization of their light will be presented.

14 CFR 27.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 27... § 27.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit, they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

14 CFR 27.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 27... § 27.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit, they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

14 CFR 27.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 27... § 27.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit, they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

14 CFR 27.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 27... § 27.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit, they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

14 CFR 25.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 25... § 25.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit, they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

14 CFR 27.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 27... § 27.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit, they must, unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, be— (a) Red, for warning...

CARMENES: an overview six months after first light

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Quirrenbach, A.; Amado, P. J.; Caballero, J. A.; Mundt, R.; Reiners, A.; Ribas, I.; Seifert, W.; Abril, M.; Aceituno, J.; Alonso-Floriano, F. J.; Anwand-Heerwart, H.; Azzaro, M.; Bauer, F.; Barrado, D.; Becerril, S.; Bejar, V. J. S.; Benitez, D.; Berdinas, Z. M.; Brinkmöller, M.; Cardenas, M. C.; Casal, E.; Claret, A.; Colomé, J.; Cortes-Contreras, M.; Czesla, S.; Doellinger, M.; Dreizler, S.; Feiz, C.; Fernandez, M.; Ferro, I. M.; Fuhrmeister, B.; Galadi, D.; Gallardo, I.; Gálvez-Ortiz, M. C.; Garcia-Piquer, A.; Garrido, R.; Gesa, L.; Gómez Galera, V.; González Hernández, J. I.; Gonzalez Peinado, R.; Grözinger, U.; Guàrdia, J.; Guenther, E. W.; de Guindos, E.; Hagen, H.-J.; Hatzes, A. P.; Hauschildt, P. H.; Helmling, J.; Henning, T.; Hermann, D.; Hernández Arabi, R.; Hernández Castaño, L.; Hernández Hernando, F.; Herrero, E.; Huber, A.; Huber, K. F.; Huke, P.; Jeffers, S. V.; de Juan, E.; Kaminski, A.; Kehr, M.; Kim, M.; Klein, R.; Klüter, J.; Kürster, M.; Lafarga, M.; Lara, L. M.; Lamert, A.; Laun, W.; Launhardt, R.; Lemke, U.; Lenzen, R.; Llamas, M.; Lopez del Fresno, M.; López-Puertas, M.; López-Santiago, J.; Lopez Salas, J. F.; Magan Madinabeitia, H.; Mall, U.; Mandel, H.; Mancini, L.; Marin Molina, J. A.; Maroto Fernández, D.; Martín, E. L.; Martín-Ruiz, S.; Marvin, C.; Mathar, R. J.; Mirabet, E.; Montes, D.; Morales, J. C.; Morales Muñoz, R.; Nagel, E.; Naranjo, V.; Nowak, G.; Palle, E.; Panduro, J.; Passegger, V. M.; Pavlov, A.; Pedraz, S.; Perez, E.; Pérez-Medialdea, D.; Perger, M.; Pluto, M.; Ramón, A.; Rebolo, R.; Redondo, P.; Reffert, S.; Reinhart, S.; Rhode, P.; Rix, H.-W.; Rodler, F.; Rodríguez, E.; Rodríguez López, C.; Rohloff, R. R.; Rosich, A.; Sanchez Carrasco, M. A.; Sanz-Forcada, J.; Sarkis, P.; Sarmiento, L. F.; Schäfer, S.; Schiller, J.; Schmidt, C.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M.; Schöfer, P.; Schweitzer, A.; Shulyak, D.; Solano, E.; Stahl, O.; Storz, C.; Tabernero, H. M.; Tala, M.; Tal-Or, L.; Ulbrich, R.-G.; Veredas, G.; Vico Linares, J. I.; Vilardell, F.; Wagner, K.; Winkler, J.; Zapatero Osorio, M.-R.; Zechmeister, M.; Ammler-von Eiff, M.; Anglada-Escudé, G.; del Burgo, C.; Garcia-Vargas, M. L.; Klutsch, A.; Lizon, J.-L.; Lopez-Morales, M.; Ofir, A.; Pérez-Calpena, A.; Perryman, M. A. C.; Sánchez-Blanco, E.; Strachan, J. B. P.; Stürmer, J.; Suárez, J. C.; Trifonov, T.; Tulloch, S. M.; Xu, W.

2016-08-01

The CARMENES instrument is a pair of high-resolution (R> 80,000) spectrographs covering the wavelength range from 0.52 to 1.71 μm, optimized for precise radial velocity measurements. It was installed and commissioned at the 3.5m telescope of the Calar Alto observatory in Southern Spain in 2015. The first large science program of CARMENES is a survey of 300 M dwarfs, which started on Jan 1, 2016. We present an overview of all subsystems of CARMENES (front end, fiber system, visible-light spectrograph, near-infrared spectrograph, calibration units, etalons, facility control, interlock system, instrument control system, data reduction pipeline, data flow, and archive), and give an overview of the assembly, integration, verification, and commissioning phases of the project. We show initial results and discuss further plans for the scientific use of CARMENES.

National Synchrotron Light Source II storage ring vacuum systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hseuh, Hsiao-Chaun, E-mail: hseuh@bnl.gov; Hetzel, Charles; Leng, Shuwei

2016-05-15

The National Synchrotron Light Source II, completed in 2014, is a 3-GeV synchrotron radiation (SR) facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory and has been in steady operation since. With a design electron current of 500 mA and subnanometer radians horizontal emittance, this 792-m circumference storage ring is providing the highest flux and brightness x-ray beam for SR users. The majority of the storage ring vacuum chambers are made of extruded aluminium. Chamber sections are interconnected using low-impedance radiofrequency shielded bellows. SR from the bending magnets is intercepted by water-cooled compact photon absorbers resided in the storage ring chambers. This paper presents themore » design of the storage ring vacuum system, the fabrication of vacuum chambers and other hardware, the installation, the commissioning, and the continuing beam conditioning of the vacuum systems.« less

Color Choice is Everything - Impacts Color makes to the Lighting Environment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clark, Toni A.

2012-01-01

When contracts are let out to design multiple systems in a vehicle, it is a challenge to maintain integration between system leads. Designers on niche systems, like lighting and control panel design, often get caught up in the challenge of designing the light source or visual interface and fail to include time in their schedule to work with system architects on how their lighting system will be integrated. Additionally, behavioral scientists, industrial designers, and materials engineers get caught up with the materials and look of the system, but often fail to consider how the selection of their materials could affect the certification or performance of electronic devices like lighting systems. Additionally, computer modeling of the system architecture often assumes a perfect environment without the clutter of actual human use (dirt, stowage, crowding). As a result, lighting systems, and backlit displays run the risk of being overdesigned or under designed. Engineers making the assumption that because they have no input or there is no requirement on work surface reflectance, make the assumption that they can t count on good material choices and thus may install more lighting than is necessary. While having more lights may seem better, for a vehicle that is trying to conserve power, more lights may not be a good option. On the other hand, designers who made the opposite assumption and designed a lighting system that only produced just enough light, often wind up with a system that did conserve power, but didn t produce enough light. These situations are exasperated when the system starts to be used and the models are not perfect anymore. The lack of coordination and iterative design not only can impact lighting levels within an environment, but also can affect color perception. This is because, if materials do not represent a gradation of white or black, the material unevenly absorbs and reflects light at different wavelengths of the visual spectrum. The lighting designer may have built a light that meets light spectra requirements, but the eventual light reaching the human user may not be the spectra of light architects intended, if materials near the light source change the spectrum just by how much color is absorbed or reflected. With the recent findings concerning Circadian rhythm, where the spectra of light is extremely important for addressing crew sleep and wake cycles, system architects should pay considerable attention on the impact material choices have in changing the light spectrum in an environment. This presentation will show examples of how material choices impact the resulting illuminance, color spectrum, and power usage of an illuminated space. Its goal is to encourage system designers and planners to use more care in development of requirements and the verification of systems intended for the human visual interface.

Increased Light & View | Efficient Windows Collaborative

Science.gov Websites

Foundry Foundry New Construction Windows Window Selection Tool Selection Process Design Guidance Installation Replacement Windows Window Selection Tool Assessing Options Selection Process Design Guidance Installation Understanding Windows Benefits Design Considerations Measuring Performance Performance Standards

29 CFR 1926.402 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... subpart V of this part for the construction of power distribution and transmission lines. ... electrical equipment and installations used to provide electric power and light at the jobsite. These... installations used for the generation, transmission, and distribution of electric energy, including related...

29 CFR 1926.402 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... subpart V of this part for the construction of power distribution and transmission lines. ... electrical equipment and installations used to provide electric power and light at the jobsite. These... installations used for the generation, transmission, and distribution of electric energy, including related...

40 CFR 86.1869-12 - CO2 credits for off-cycle CO2-reducing technologies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... average over 5-cycle testing. (ii) High efficiency exterior lights. Credits may be accrued for high efficiency lighting as defined in paragraph (b)(4) of this section based on the lighting locations with such lighting installed. Credits for high efficiency lighting are the sum of the credits for the applicable...

Built-in hyperspectral camera for smartphone in visible, near-infrared and middle-infrared lights region (second report): sensitivity improvement of Fourier-spectroscopic imaging to detect diffuse reflection lights from internal human tissues for healthcare sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawashima, Natsumi; Hosono, Satsuki; Ishimaru, Ichiro

2016-05-01

We proposed the snapshot-type Fourier spectroscopic imaging for smartphone that was mentioned in 1st. report in this conference. For spectroscopic components analysis, such as non-invasive blood glucose sensors, the diffuse reflection lights from internal human skins are very weak for conventional hyperspectral cameras, such as AOTF (Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter) type. Furthermore, it is well known that the spectral absorption of mid-infrared lights or Raman spectroscopy especially in long wavelength region is effective to distinguish specific biomedical components quantitatively, such as glucose concentration. But the main issue was that photon energies of middle infrared lights and light intensities of Raman scattering are extremely weak. For improving sensitivity of our spectroscopic imager, the wide-field-stop & beam-expansion method was proposed. Our line spectroscopic imager introduced a single slit for field stop on the conjugate objective plane. Obviously to increase detected light intensities, the wider slit width of the field stop makes light intensities higher, regardless of deterioration of spatial resolutions. Because our method is based on wavefront-division interferometry, it becomes problems that the wider width of single slit makes the diffraction angle narrower. This means that the narrower diameter of collimated objective beams deteriorates visibilities of interferograms. By installing the relative inclined phaseshifter onto optical Fourier transform plane of infinity corrected optical systems, the collimated half flux of objective beams derived from single-bright points on objective surface penetrate through the wedge prism and the cuboid glass respectively. These two beams interfere each other and form the infererogram as spatial fringe patterns. Thus, we installed concave-cylindrical lens between the wider slit and objective lens as a beam expander. We successfully obtained the spectroscopic characters of hemoglobin from reflected lights from human fingers.

Initial SVS Integrated Technology Evaluation Flight Test Requirements and Hardware Architecture

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harrison, Stella V.; Kramer, Lynda J.; Bailey, Randall E.; Jones, Denise R.; Young, Steven D.; Harrah, Steven D.; Arthur, Jarvis J.; Parrish, Russell V.

2003-01-01

This document presents the flight test requirements for the Initial Synthetic Vision Systems Integrated Technology Evaluation flight Test to be flown aboard NASA Langley's ARIES aircraft and the final hardware architecture implemented to meet these requirements. Part I of this document contains the hardware, software, simulator, and flight operations requirements for this light test as they were defined in August 2002. The contents of this section are the actual requirements document that was signed for this flight test. Part II of this document contains information pertaining to the hardware architecture that was realized to meet these requirements as presented to and approved by a Critical Design Review Panel prior to installation on the B-757 Airborne Research Integrated Experiments Systems (ARIES) airplane. This information includes a description of the equipment, block diagrams of the architecture, layouts of the workstations, and pictures of the actual installations.

Evaluation of aftermarket LPG conversion kits in light-duty vehicle applications. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bass, E A

1993-06-01

SwRI was contracted by NREL to evaluate three LPG conversion kits on a Chevrolet Lumina. The objective of the project was to measure the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) emissions and fuel economy of these kits, and compare their performance to gasoline-fueled operation and to each other. Varying LPG fuel blends allowed a preliminary look at the potential for fuel system disturbance. The project required kit installation and adjustment according to manufacturer`s instructions. A limited amount of trouble diagnosis was also performed on the fuel systems. A simultaneous contract from the Texas Railroad Commission, in cooperation with NREL, provided funds formore » additional testing with market fuels (HD5 propane and industry average gasoline) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions speciation to determine the ozone-forming potential of LPG HC emissions. This report documents the procurement, installation, and testing of these LPG conversion kits.« less

Development of a complex experimental system for controlled ecological life support technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, S.; Tang, Y.; Zhu, J.; Wang, X.; Feng, H.; Ai, W.; Qin, L.; Deng, Y.

A complex experimental system for controlled ecological life support technique can be used as a test platform for plant-man integrated experiments and material close-loop experiments of the controlled ecological life support system CELSS Based on lots of plan investigation plan design and drawing design the system was built through the steps of processing installation and joined debugging The system contains a volume of about 40 0m 3 its interior atmospheric parameters such as temperature relative humidity oxygen concentration carbon dioxide concentration total pressure lighting intensity photoperiod water content in the growing-matrix and ethylene concentration are all monitored and controlled automatically and effectively Its growing system consists of two rows of racks along its left-and-right sides separately and each of which holds two up-and-down layers eight growing beds hold a total area of about 8 4m 2 and their vertical distance can be adjusted automatically and independently lighting sources consist of both red and blue light-emitting diodes Successful development of the test platform will necessarily create an essential condition for next large-scale integrated study of controlled ecological life support technique

Safety Evaluation of Converting Traffic Signals From Incandescent to Light-emitting Diodes : Summary Report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-08-01

Across the Nation, many agencies have been replacing conventional incandescent light bulbs in traffic signals with light-emitting diodes (LED) (see figure 1 and figure 2). LEDs are primarily installed to reduce energy consumption and decrease mainten...

Research notes : wearing surfaces for plastic bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-07-01

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite bridge decks based on fiberglass materials are being installed on bridges across the country. In addition to being light-weight and quick to install, these decks do not corrode. Oregon has three state-owned an...

Success in Redesigning Main Streets for Pedestrians

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-09-16

In the fall of 1997, the city of Kirkland installed small flashing LEDs in the : pavement at two crosswalks. Devices are installed across all travel lanes for : both directions of travel on each side of the crosswalk. When activated, : lights in the ...

Impact evaluation of lighting retrofit projects at Boeing Commercial Airplane Group under The Energy $avings Plan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sullivan, G.P.; Oens, M.A.; Spanner, G.E.

1994-01-01

This impact evaluation of two lighting retrofit projects that were recently installed at Boeing Commercial Airplane Group (Boeing) was conducted for the Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville) as part of an evaluation of its Energy $avings Plan (E$P) Program. The first project was a light-fixture and lighting control retrofit, consisting of five individual measures installed in Building 40-05. The second project was a retrofit of all parking lot lighting on the site. The objective of this impact evaluation was to assess how much electrical energy is being saved at Boeing as a result of the E$P projects and to determine howmore » much the savings cost Bonneville and the region. The impact of the project was evaluated with a combination of engineering analysis, financial analysis, interviews, and submittal reviews (Boeing`s proposals and completion reports).« less

Demonstration Assessment of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Parking Lot Lighting at T.J.Maxx in Manchester, NH Phase I

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Myer, Michael; Goettel, Russell T.

2010-06-29

A report describing the process and results of replacing existing parking lot lighting, looking at a LED option with occupancy sensors, and conventional alternates. Criteria include payback, light levels, occupant satisfaction. This report is Phase I of II. Phase I deals with initial installation.

46 CFR 169.690 - Lighting branch circuits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Lighting branch circuits. 169.690 Section 169.690... Machinery and Electrical Electrical Installations on Vessels of 100 Gross Tons and Over § 169.690 Lighting branch circuits. Each lighting branch circuit must meet the requirements of § 111.75-5 of this chapter...

14 CFR 25.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Warning, caution, and advisory lights. 25... § 25.1322 Warning, caution, and advisory lights. Link to an amendment published at 75 FR 67209, November 2, 2010. If warning, caution or advisory lights are installed in the cockpit, they must, unless...

Demonstration Assessment of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Post-Top Lighting at Central Park in New York City

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Myer, Michael; Goettel, Russell T.; Kinzey, Bruce R.

2012-09-30

A review of five post-top light-emitting diode (LED) pedestrian luminaires installed in New York City's Central Park for possible replacement to the existing metal halide post-top luminaire. This report reviews the energy savings potential and lighting delivered by the LED post-top luminaires.

47 CFR 17.45 - Temporary warning lights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Temporary warning lights. 17.45 Section 17.45... warning lights. Link to an amendment published at 79 FR 56986, Sept. 24, 2014. During construction of an... (A21/TS) enclosed in aviation red obstruction light globes, shall be installed at the uppermost point...

Renewable energy and conservation measures for non-residential buildings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grossman, Andrew James

The energy demand in most countries is growing at an alarming rate and identifying economically feasible building retrofit solutions to decrease the need for fossil fuels so as to mitigate their environmental and societal impacts has become imperative. Two approaches are available for identifying feasible retrofit solutions: 1) the implementation of energy conservation measures; and 2) the production of energy from renewable sources. This thesis focuses on the development of retrofit software planning tools for the implementation of solar photovoltaic systems, and lighting system retrofits for mid-Michigan institutional buildings. The solar planning tool exploits the existing blueprint of a building's rooftop, and via image processing, the layouts of the solar photovoltaic arrays are developed based on the building's geographical location and typical weather patterns. The resulting energy generation of a PV system is estimated and is utilized to determine levelized energy costs. The lighting system retrofit analysis starts by a current utilization assessment of a building to determine the amount of energy used by the lighting system. Several LED lighting options are evaluated on the basis of color correlation temperature, color rendering index, energy consumption, and financial feasibility, to determine a retrofit solution. Solar photovoltaic installations in mid-Michigan are not yet financially feasible, but with the anticipated growth and dynamic complexity of the solar photovoltaic market, this solar planning tool is able to assist building proprietors make executive decisions regarding their energy usage. Additionally, a lighting system retrofit is shown to have significant financial and health benefits.

Multinational Experiment 7. Space: Dependencies, Vulnerabilities and Threats

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

service, a simple traffic light system is used to indicate the level of dependency that exists on space within the overall process of successful service...debris release during operations; minimise the potential for spacecraft and rocket body break-up; limit the probability of accidental collision on orbit...Strong winds  Flooding  Accidents at industrial installations e.g. nuclear power stations  Volcanic activity  Chemical spills (sea/on land

2005 Tri-Service Infrastructure Systems Conference and Exhibition. Volume 12. Tracks 15, 16 and 17

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-08-04

glare, surface luminances, and uniformity. Also, the importance of daylight on human health and productivity is emphasized. • Exterior lighting design...Electrical Safety Requirements – OSHA CFR Title 29 Part 1910 Occupational Safety and Health Standard, Subpart S – Electrical – Design Safety...Standards and Safety Related Work Practices Part 1926 Safety and Health Regulations for Construction, Subpart K – Electrical – Installation Safety

Conventional and tubular skylights: An evaluation of the daylighting systems at two ACT{sup 2} commercial buildings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Allen, T.

1997-12-31

As part of the ACT{sup 2} project, sponsored by a major northern California utility, two occupied single-story commercial buildings were equipped with similar yet different daylighting systems in an effort to reduce electric lighting loads and provide a better workspace. The daylighting system, at the newly constructed 15,000 sq.ft. California State Automobile Association (CSAA) office building in Antioch, California, incorporates skylights with louvers, perforated blinds on the windows, and dimming ballasts which control T8 fluorescent fixtures. At the 7,500 sq.ft. retrofitted Verifone office building in Auburn, California, the building required a different kind of skylight to provide daylighting. Die tomore » the 10 foot attic space on the single-story building, a tubular-type of skylight was installed. The tubular skylight incorporates a long cylinder with a reflective internal surface to direct available sunlight into the workspace through a white diffuser. In addition, T8 fluorescent fixtures were controlled by dimming ballasts and light level controls. Annual lighting energy consumption at the CSAA building was reduced by 32% with a favorable reaction from the occupants. While the occupant response to the lighting at Verifone was generally good, thee were some problems in calibrating the lighting controls, thereby reducing energy savings.« less

Fixed solar concentrator-collector-satelite receiver and co-generator

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meckler, M.

1985-01-01

An insolation and micro wave receiver fixedly installed in alignment with the suns azimuth and within the look angle of a satellite, and comprised of holographic windows recorded according to time related to the suns position as zone plates to concentrate infrared light into a Rankine cycle power generating receiver and to columnate ultraviolet light onto a photo voltaic power generating plane, utilizing a micro wave dish as the substrate support of photo voltaic cells and as a condenser of the Rankine cycle operating an induction generator synchronous with an external alternating current power system, and with the photo voltaicmore » power synchronized therewith by commutation.« less

Quantifying and Reducing Light Pollution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gokhale, Vayujeet; Caples, David; Goins, Jordan; Herdman, Ashley; Pankey, Steven; Wren, Emily

2018-06-01

We describe the current level of light pollution in and around Kirksville, Missouri and around Anderson Mesa near Flagstaff, Arizona. We quantify the amount of light that is projected up towards the sky, instead of the ground, using Unihedron sky quality meters installed at various locations. We also present results from DSLR photometry of several standard stars, and compare the photometric quality of the data collected at locations with varying levels of light pollution. Presently, light fixture shields and ‘warm-colored’ lights are being installed on Truman State University’s campus in order to reduce light pollution. We discuss the experimental procedure we use to test the effectiveness of the different light fixtures shields in a controlled setting inside the Del and Norma Robison Planetarium.Apart from negatively affecting the quality of the night sky for astronomers, light pollution adversely affects migratory patterns of some animals and sleep-patterns in humans, increases our carbon footprint, and wastes resources and money. This problem threatens to get particularly acute with the increasing use of outdoor LED lamps. We conclude with a call to action to all professional and amateur astronomers to act against the growing nuisance of light pollution.

The impacts of new street light technologies: experimentally testing the effects on bats of changing from low-pressure sodium to white metal halide

PubMed Central

Stone, Emma Louise; Wakefield, Andrew; Harris, Stephen; Jones, Gareth

2015-01-01

Artificial light at night is a major feature of anthropogenic global change and is increasingly recognized as affecting biodiversity, often negatively. On a global scale, newer technology white lights are replacing orange sodium lights to reduce energy waste. In 2009, Cornwall County Council (UK) commenced replacement of existing low-pressure sodium (LPS) high intensity discharge (HID) street lights with new Phillips CosmoPolis white ceramic metal halide street lights to reduce energy wastage. This changeover provided a unique collaborative opportunity to implement a before-after-control-impact field experiment to investigate the ecological effects of newly installed broad spectrum light technologies. Activity of the bat species Pipistrellus pipistrellus, P. pygmaeus and Nyctalus/Eptesicus spp. was significantly higher at metal halide than LPS lights, as found in other studies of bat activity at old technology (i.e. mercury vapour) white light types. No significant difference was found in feeding attempts per bat pass between light types, though more passes overall were recorded at metal halide lights. Species-specific attraction of bats to the metal halide lights could have cascading effects at lower trophic levels. We highlight the need for further research on possible ecosystem-level effects of light technologies before they are installed on a wide scale. PMID:25780239

Lighting Control Best Practice Guide: Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

2002

This publication offers design, specification, and installation guidance for lighting control appropriate for K-12 educational facilities. It features applications that illustrate the best control practices for a variety of spaces, facilitating lighting control design and application. Each best practice meets the provisions of relevant energy…

16 CFR 1404.2 - Background.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS CELLULOSE INSULATION... can occur where cellulose insulation is improperly installed too close to the sides or over the top of recessed electrical light fixtures, or installed too close to the exhaust flues from heat producing devices...

16 CFR 1404.2 - Background.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS CELLULOSE INSULATION... can occur where cellulose insulation is improperly installed too close to the sides or over the top of recessed electrical light fixtures, or installed too close to the exhaust flues from heat producing devices...

16 CFR 1404.2 - Background.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS CELLULOSE INSULATION... can occur where cellulose insulation is improperly installed too close to the sides or over the top of recessed electrical light fixtures, or installed too close to the exhaust flues from heat producing devices...

16 CFR 1404.2 - Background.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS CELLULOSE INSULATION... can occur where cellulose insulation is improperly installed too close to the sides or over the top of recessed electrical light fixtures, or installed too close to the exhaust flues from heat producing devices...

KSC01pd1736

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-11-26

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- A piece of equipment for Hubble Space Telescope Servicing mission is moved inside Hangar AE, Cape Canaveral. In the canister is the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The ACS will increase the discovery efficiency of the HST by a factor of ten. It consists of three electronic cameras and a complement of filters and dispersers that detect light from the ultraviolet to the near infrared (1200 - 10,000 angstroms). The ACS was built through a collaborative effort between Johns Hopkins University, Goddard Space Flight Center, Ball Aerospace Corporation and Space Telescope Science Institute. The goal of the mission, STS-109, is to service the HST, replacing Solar Array 2 with Solar Array 3, replacing the Power Control Unit, removing the Faint Object Camera and installing the ACS, installing the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) Cooling System, and installing New Outer Blanket Layer insulation on bays 5 through 8. Mission STS-109 is scheduled for launch Feb. 14, 2002

KSC-01pp1758

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-11-29

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In Hangar A&E, workers watch as an overhead crane lifts the Advanced Camera for Surveys out of its transportation container. Part of the payload on the Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission, STS-109, the ACS will increase the discovery efficiency of the HST by a factor of ten. It consists of three electronic cameras and a complement of filters and dispersers that detect light from the ultraviolet to the near infrared (1200 - 10,000 angstroms). The ACS was built through a collaborative effort between Johns Hopkins University, Goddard Space Flight Center, Ball Aerospace Corporation and Space Telescope Science Institute. Tasks for the mission include replacing Solar Array 2 with Solar Array 3, replacing the Power Control Unit, removing the Faint Object Camera and installing the ACS, installing the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) Cooling System, and installing New Outer Blanket Layer insulation on bays 5 through 8. Mission STS-109 is scheduled for launch Feb. 14, 2002

KSC01pd1735

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-11-26

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. - A piece of equipment for Hubble Space Telescope Servicing mission arrives at Hangar AE, Cape Canaveral. Inside the canister is the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The ACS will increase the discovery efficiency of the HST by a factor of ten. It consists of three electronic cameras and a complement of filters and dispersers that detect light from the ultraviolet to the near infrared (1200 - 10,000 angstroms). The ACS was built through a collaborative effort between Johns Hopkins University, Goddard Space Flight Center, Ball Aerospace Corporation and Space Telescope Science Institute. The goal of the mission, STS-109, is to service the HST, replacing Solar Array 2 with Solar Array 3, replacing the Power Control Unit, removing the Faint Object Camera and installing the ACS, installing the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) Cooling System, and installing New Outer Blanket Layer insulation on bays 5 through 8. Mission STS-109 is scheduled for launch Feb. 14, 2002

Fiber Optic Control System integration for advanced aircraft. Electro-optic and sensor fabrication, integration, and environmental testing for flight control systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seal, Daniel W.; Weaver, Thomas L.; Kessler, Bradley L.; Bedoya, Carlos A.; Mattes, Robert E.

1994-01-01

This report describes the design, development, and testing of passive fiber optic sensors and a multiplexing electro-optic architecture (EOA) for installation and flight test on a NASA-owned F-18 aircraft. This hardware was developed under the Fiber Optic Control Systems for Advanced Aircraft program, part of a multiyear NASA initiative to design, develop, and demonstrate through flight test 'fly-by-light' systems for application to advanced aircraft flight and propulsion control. This development included the design and production of 10 passive optical sensors and associated multiplexed EOA hardware based on wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) technology. A variety of sensor types (rotary position, linear position, temperature, and pressure) incorporating a broad range of sensor technologies (WDM analog, WDM digital, analog microbend, and fluorescent time rate of decay) were obtained from different manufacturers and functionally integrated with an independently designed EOA. The sensors were built for installation in a variety of aircraft locations, placing the sensors in a variety of harsh environments. The sensors and EOA were designed and built to have the resulting devices be as close as practical to a production system. The integrated system was delivered to NASA for flight testing on a NASA-owned F-18 aircraft. Development and integration testing of the system provided valuable information as to which sensor types were simplest to design and build for a military aircraft environment and which types were simplest to operate with a multiplexed EOA. Not all sensor types met the full range of performance and environmental requirements. EOA development problems provided information on directions to pursue in future fly-by-light flight control development programs. Lessons learned in the development of the EOA and sensor hardware are summarized.

Fiber Optic Control System integration for advanced aircraft. Electro-optic and sensor fabrication, integration, and environmental testing for flight control systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seal, Daniel W.; Weaver, Thomas L.; Kessler, Bradley L.; Bedoya, Carlos A.; Mattes, Robert E.

1994-11-01

This report describes the design, development, and testing of passive fiber optic sensors and a multiplexing electro-optic architecture (EOA) for installation and flight test on a NASA-owned F-18 aircraft. This hardware was developed under the Fiber Optic Control Systems for Advanced Aircraft program, part of a multiyear NASA initiative to design, develop, and demonstrate through flight test 'fly-by-light' systems for application to advanced aircraft flight and propulsion control. This development included the design and production of 10 passive optical sensors and associated multiplexed EOA hardware based on wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) technology. A variety of sensor types (rotary position, linear position, temperature, and pressure) incorporating a broad range of sensor technologies (WDM analog, WDM digital, analog microbend, and fluorescent time rate of decay) were obtained from different manufacturers and functionally integrated with an independently designed EOA. The sensors were built for installation in a variety of aircraft locations, placing the sensors in a variety of harsh environments. The sensors and EOA were designed and built to have the resulting devices be as close as practical to a production system. The integrated system was delivered to NASA for flight testing on a NASA-owned F-18 aircraft. Development and integration testing of the system provided valuable information as to which sensor types were simplest to design and build for a military aircraft environment and which types were simplest to operate with a multiplexed EOA. Not all sensor types met the full range of performance and environmental requirements. EOA development problems provided information on directions to pursue in future fly-by-light flight control development programs. Lessons learned in the development of the EOA and sensor hardware are summarized.

The laser calibration system of the TOP detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tamponi, Umberto

2017-12-01

The TOP detector of the Belle II Experiment at KEK is a particle identification detector, devoted mainly to the separation of charged pions and kaons. The Cherenkov photons produced in fused silica bars are detected by an array of micro-cannel plate photomultipliers, and the position and time of arrival of the photoelectrons are used to identify the particle. In order to achieve a time resolution of less than 100 ps, the performance of electronics and PMTs must be continuously monitored by a high resolution laser calibration system. Here we report about the design, characterization, construction and installation of this light distribution system consisting of a picosecond laser source, a printed light circuit (PLC), long single mode fibers coupled to bundles of multimode fibers terminated with graded index microlenses, to provide illumination of all the PMT pixels with time jitter less than 50 ps.

National Synchrotron Light Source II storage ring vacuum systems

DOE PAGES

Hseuh, Hsiao-Chaun; Hetzel, Charles; Leng, Shuwei; ...

2016-04-05

The National Synchrotron Light Source II, completed in 2014, is a 3-GeV synchrotron radiation (SR) facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory and has been in steady operation since. With a design electron current of 500 mA and subnanometer radians horizontal emittance, this 792-m circumference storage ring is providing the highest flux and brightness x-ray beam for SR users. Also, the majority of the storage ring vacuum chambers are made of extruded aluminium. Chamber sections are interconnected using low-impedance radiofrequency shielded bellows. SR from the bending magnets is intercepted by water-cooled compact photon absorbers resided in the storage ring chambers. Finally, thismore » paper presents the design of the storage ring vacuum system, the fabrication of vacuum chambers and other hardware, the installation, the commissioning, and the continuing beam conditioning of the vacuum systems.« less

GATEWAY Demonstrations: LED System Performance in a Trial Installation--Two Years Later, Yuma Border Patrol, Yuma, Arizona

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilkerson, Andrea M.; Sullivan, Gregory P.; Davis, Robert G.

Along the Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area in Yuma, Arizona, the GATEWAY program conducted a trial demonstration in which the incumbent quartz metal halide area lighting was replaced with LED at three pole locations at the Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area in Yuma, Arizona. The retrofit was documented to better understand LED technology performance in high-temperature environments. This report follows the GATEWAY Yuma Phase 1.1 Report and reflects LED system results documented two years after the demonstration began.

GATEWAY Demonstrations: LED System Performance in a Trial Installation--One Year Later, Yuma Border Patrol, Yuma, Arizona

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilkerson, A. M.; Davis, R. G.

Along the Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area in Yuma, Arizona, the GATEWAY program conducted a trial demonstration in which the incumbent quartz metal halide area lighting was replaced with LED at three pole locations at the Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area in Yuma, Arizona. The retrofit was documented to better understand LED technology performance in high-temperature environments. This report follows the GATEWAY Yuma Phase 1.0 Report and reflects LED system results documented one year after the demonstration began.

Advanced Lighting Controls for Reducing Energy Use and Cost in DoD Installations

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

of advanced lighting control strategies including occupancy sensing, light tuning, daylight harvesting and proper lighting design is an effective way...details of this project and the results obtained. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Integrated lighting controls, occupancy sensing, daylight harvesting , personalized...provide energy savings through occupancy sensing, dimming and daylight harvesting . II. Dynalite is a distributed control-based, wired networked building

Comparisons of luminaires: Efficacies and system design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Albright, L. D.; Both, A. J.

1994-01-01

Lighting designs for architectural (aesthetic) purposes, vision and safety, and plant growth have many features in common but several crucial ones that are not. The human eye is very sensitive to the color (wavelength) of light, whereas plants are less so. There are morphological reactions, particularly to the red and blue portions of the light spectrum but, in general, plants appear to accept and use light for photosynthesis everywhere over the PAR region of the spectrum. In contrast, the human eye interprets light intensity on a logarithmic scale, making people insensitive to significant differences of light intensity. As a rough rule, light intensity must change by 30 to 50% for the human eye to recognize the difference. Plants respond much more linearly to light energy, at least at intensities below photosynthetic saturation. Thus, intensity differences not noticeable to the human eye can have significant effects on total plant growth and yield, and crop timing. These factors make luminaire selection and lighting system design particularly important when designing supplemental lighting systems for plant growth. Supplemental lighting for plant growth on the scale of commercial greenhouses is a relatively expensive undertaking. Light intensities are often much higher than required for task (vision) lighting, which increases both installation and operating costs. However, and especially in the northern regions of the United States (and Canada, Europe, etc.), supplemental lighting during winter may be necessary to produce certain crops (e.g., tomatoes) and very useful to achieve full plant growth potential and crop timing with most other greenhouse crops. Operating costs over the life of a luminaire typically will exceed the initial investment, making lighting efficacy a major consideration. This report reviews tests completed to evaluate the efficiencies of various commercially-available High-Pressure Sodium luminaires, and then describes the results of using a commercial lighting design computer program, Lumen-Micro, to explore how to place luminaires within greenhouses and plant growth chambers to achieve light (PAR) uniformity and relatively high lighting efficacies. Several suggestions are presented which could encourage systematic design of plant lighting systems.

Tracking-integrated systems for concentrating photovoltaics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Apostoleris, Harry; Stefancich, Marco; Chiesa, Matteo

2016-04-01

Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems, which use optical elements to focus light onto small-area solar cells, have the potential to minimize the costs, while improving efficiency, of photovoltaic technology. However, CPV is limited by the need to track the apparent motion of the Sun. This is typically accomplished using high-precision mechanical trackers that rotate the entire module to maintain normal light incidence. These machines are large, heavy and expensive to build and maintain, deterring commercial interest and excluding CPV from the residential market. To avoid this issue, some attention has recently been devoted to the development of tracking-integrated systems, in which tracking is performed inside the CPV module itself. This creates a compact system geometry that could be less expensive and more suitable for rooftop installation than existing CPV trackers. We review the basic tracking principles and concepts exploited in these systems, describe and categorize the existing designs, and discuss the potential impact of tracking integration on CPV cost models and commercial potential.

Survey of flue gas desulfurization systems: Duck Creek Station, Central Illinois Light Co. Final report, Jul-Dec 1978

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Laseke, B.A. Jr.

The report presents the results of a survey of operational flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems on coal-fired utility boilers in the United States. The FGD system installed on Unit 1 at the Duck Creek Station of Central Illinois Light Company is described in terms of design and performance. The system consists of four parallel, wet-limestone, rod-deck scrubber modules designed for 25% capacity each, providing a total sulfur dioxide removal efficiency of 85%. The bottom ash, fly ash, and scrubbing wastes are disposed of in a sludge pond lined with a natural impermeable material. The first module of this four modulemore » FGD system was placed in service on July 1, 1976, and operated intermittently throughout the remainder of the year and for approximately one month in early 1977. On July 23, 1978, the three remaining modules were completed and all four modules were placed in the gas path for treatment of high sulfur flue gas.« less

Systems of artificial lighting at the Phytotron of Plant Breeding and Genetic Institute (Odessa)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chernozubov, Adolf

1994-01-01

At the Odessa Phytotron we have installed over 50 climatic chambers and cabinets made by various companies of the United States, Canada, Germany and U.S.S.R. They employ different light sources including Sylvania fluorescent lamps of various types, fluorescent lamps produced in the former Soviet Union with a special luminophore, ordinary tungsten lamps, xenon, mercury, mercury-iodide, sodium, etc. Our objective in lighting is that the intensity distribution over the wave lengths should be maximal in the photosynthetically active part of the spectrum and minimal in the IR part to avoid plant sterilization. Phytotrons are extremely energy consuming entities, and the large part of their energy consumption falls into the lighting category in our electric bills. Therefore, we are in a constant search of the processes to reduce energy. However, the main way to increase effectiveness would be the development of new types of light sources, which would come close to the threshold of 150 to 200 lumens per watt.

Fiberglass distribution poles: A case study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Miller, M.F.; Hosford, G.S.; Boozer, J.F. III

1995-01-01

This paper addresses the design considerations and manufacturing techniques along with mechanical test results of fiberglass reinforced composite (FRC) primary distribution poles. With it`s light weight, and virtually no maintenance it offers a viable alternative for use in remote and inaccessible locations. This paper also discusses a case study where seventy five FRC primary distribution poles have been installed on a distribution system in a remote area accessible only by foot and helicopter.

49 CFR 234.253 - Flashing light units and lamp voltage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Flashing light units and lamp voltage. 234.253... Maintenance, Inspection, and Testing Inspections and Tests § 234.253 Flashing light units and lamp voltage. (a... proper alignment and frequency of flashes in accordance with installation specifications. (b) Lamp...

49 CFR 234.253 - Flashing light units and lamp voltage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Flashing light units and lamp voltage. 234.253... Maintenance, Inspection, and Testing Inspections and Tests § 234.253 Flashing light units and lamp voltage. (a... proper alignment and frequency of flashes in accordance with installation specifications. (b) Lamp...

Pollution-free road lighting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schreuder, Duco A.

They relate to reducing road accidents and some forms of crime but also enhance the social safety of residents and pedestrians and the amenity for residents. Road traffic in developing countries is much more hazardous than in industrialized countries. Accident rates in 'low' income countries may be as much as 35 times higher than in 'high' income countries. Thus, it might be much more cost-effective to light roads in the developing world than in the industrialized world. Fighting light pollution is more pressing in developing countries as most of the major high-class astronomical observatories are there. Astronomical observations are disturbed by light from outdoor lighting installations, part of which is scattered in the atmosphere to form 'sky glow'. The International Lighting Commission CIE has published a Technical Report giving general guidance for lighting designers and policy makers on the reduction of the sky glow. Lighting improves visibility, essential for almost all human activity. However, light that hits the road contributes to visibility only if it is reflected. In poorly designed lighting equipment much of the lumen output of the lamps is sent directly upwards. This can be avoided by properly defined light fittings. The light output of fittings is determined by their optical quality and by the installation maintenance factor. Open fittings are to be preferred. If mounted horizontally, they make street lighting with the least light pollution.

16 CFR § 1404.2 - Background.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... INSULATION § 1404.2 Background. Based on available fire incident information, engineering analysis of the... fires can occur where cellulose insulation is improperly installed too close to the sides or over the top of recessed electrical light fixtures, or installed too close to the exhaust flues from heat...

46 CFR 38.15-15 - Electrical installations-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... this chapter for tank vessels, except as otherwise specified in this part. (b) Spaces containing cargo... devices, except Coast Guard approved intrinsically safe devices, shall be installed in these spaces. Electric motors shall be segregated from these spaces by a gastight bulkhead. Electric lighting of the...

46 CFR 38.15-15 - Electrical installations-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... this chapter for tank vessels, except as otherwise specified in this part. (b) Spaces containing cargo... devices, except Coast Guard approved intrinsically safe devices, shall be installed in these spaces. Electric motors shall be segregated from these spaces by a gastight bulkhead. Electric lighting of the...

46 CFR 38.15-15 - Electrical installations-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... this chapter for tank vessels, except as otherwise specified in this part. (b) Spaces containing cargo... devices, except Coast Guard approved intrinsically safe devices, shall be installed in these spaces. Electric motors shall be segregated from these spaces by a gastight bulkhead. Electric lighting of the...

46 CFR 38.15-15 - Electrical installations-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... this chapter for tank vessels, except as otherwise specified in this part. (b) Spaces containing cargo... devices, except Coast Guard approved intrinsically safe devices, shall be installed in these spaces. Electric motors shall be segregated from these spaces by a gastight bulkhead. Electric lighting of the...

46 CFR 38.15-15 - Electrical installations-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... this chapter for tank vessels, except as otherwise specified in this part. (b) Spaces containing cargo... devices, except Coast Guard approved intrinsically safe devices, shall be installed in these spaces. Electric motors shall be segregated from these spaces by a gastight bulkhead. Electric lighting of the...

The impacts of new street light technologies: experimentally testing the effects on bats of changing from low-pressure sodium to white metal halide.

PubMed

Stone, Emma Louise; Wakefield, Andrew; Harris, Stephen; Jones, Gareth

2015-05-05

Artificial light at night is a major feature of anthropogenic global change and is increasingly recognized as affecting biodiversity, often negatively. On a global scale, newer technology white lights are replacing orange sodium lights to reduce energy waste. In 2009, Cornwall County Council (UK) commenced replacement of existing low-pressure sodium (LPS) high intensity discharge (HID) street lights with new Phillips CosmoPolis white ceramic metal halide street lights to reduce energy wastage. This changeover provided a unique collaborative opportunity to implement a before-after-control-impact field experiment to investigate the ecological effects of newly installed broad spectrum light technologies. Activity of the bat species Pipistrellus pipistrellus, P. pygmaeus and Nyctalus/Eptesicus spp. was significantly higher at metal halide than LPS lights, as found in other studies of bat activity at old technology (i.e. mercury vapour) white light types. No significant difference was found in feeding attempts per bat pass between light types, though more passes overall were recorded at metal halide lights. Species-specific attraction of bats to the metal halide lights could have cascading effects at lower trophic levels. We highlight the need for further research on possible ecosystem-level effects of light technologies before they are installed on a wide scale. © 2015 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

Non-Rocket Missile Rope Launcher

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bolonkin, Alexander

2002-01-01

The method, installation, and estimation for delivering payload and missiles into outer space are presented. This method uses, in general, the engines and straight or closed-loop cables disposed on a planet surface. The installation consists of a space apparatus, power drive stations located along trajectory of the apparatus, the cables connected to the apparatus and to the power stations, a system for suspending the cable, and disconnected device. The drive stations accelerate the apparatus up to hypersonic speed. The estimations and computations show the possibility of making these projects a reality in a short period of time (see attached project: launcher for missiles and loads). The launch will be very cheap $1-$2 per LB. We need only light strong cable, which can be made from artificial fibers, whiskers, nanotubes, which exist in industry and scientific laboratories.

Demonstration Assessment of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Roadway Lighting, I-35W Bridge, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Phase I Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kinzey, B. R.; Myer, M. A.

2009-08-01

On the I-35W Bridge in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the GATEWAY program conducted a two-phase demonstration of LED roadway lighting on the main span, which is one of the country's oldest continuously operated exterior LED lighting installations. The Phase I report provides an overview of initial project results including lighting performance, economic performance, and potential energy savings.

Fiber optic systems for mobile platforms IV; Proceedings of the Meeting, San Jose, CA, Sept. 18, 1990

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lewis, Norris E.; Moore, Emery L.

The present conference on fiber-optic (FO) systems discusses topics in shipboard, automotive, spacecraft, and aeronautical FO applications. Attention is given to an FO interferometric ellipsoidal shell hydrophone, an FO backbone for a submarine combat system, EM environmental effects on shipboard FO installations, and recent developments in polymeric FO systems for automotive use. Also discussed are a wavelength-multiplexed FO position encoder for aircraft control systems, a code-division multiple-access system for integrated modular avionics, fly-by-light systems for commercial aircraft, FO temperature sensors for aerospace applications, a hybrid FO/electrical network for launch vehicles, the effects of ionizing radiation on FO systems, and FO systems in liquid propellant rocket environments.

Development of a rapid immunoassay system: Luminescent detection of antigen-associated antibody-luciferase in the presence of a dye that absorbs light from free antibody-luciferase.

PubMed

Mori, Akihiro; Ojima-Kato, Teruyo; Fuchi, Shingo; Kaiya, Shinichi; Kojima, Takaaki; Nakano, Hideo

2017-12-01

In this report, we developed a rapid immunoassay system, designated the bioluminescent interference gathering optical (BINGO) assay, which required no time-consuming washing steps for removal of unbound antibodies. This system employed a luciferase (Luc)-conjugated antibody (LucAb) and a dye that absorbed light from the LucAb. The antigen-associated LucAb was localized by transfer of an antigen to the detector-side of a chamber where a detector photomultiplier tube (PMT) was installed. In contrast, the free LucAb was distributed throughout the solution, and the light emitted by the free LucAb was absorbed by the dye. Therefore, only light from LucAb associated with antigen could be detected by the PMT. The new system could be used to rapidly detect the amount of antigen-antibody-Luc complex by collecting steps, such as centrifugation or magnetic collection of antibody-coated magnetic beads. Proof-of-principle experiments were performed using a model system with streptavidin beads and biotinylated Luc. The feasibility of the system was demonstrated using magnetic beads coated with anti-Escherichia coli O157 antibody, enabling detection of 4 × 10 3  cells in only 15 min. Thus, this system may have applications in a variety of biomedical fields. Copyright © 2017 The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Lightning Current Measurement with Fiber-Optic Sensor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, Truong X.; Ely, Jay J.; Szatkowski, George N.; Mata, Carlos T.; Mata, Angel G.; Snyder, Gary P.

2014-01-01

A fiber-optic current sensor is successfully developed with many potential applications for electric current measurement. Originally developed for in-flight lightning measurement, the sensor utilizes Faraday Effect in an optical fiber. The Faraday Effect causes linear light polarization in a fiber to rotate when the fiber is exposed to a magnetic field. The polarization change is detected using a reflective polarimetric scheme. Forming fiber loops and applying Ampere's law, measuring the total light rotation results in the determination of the total current enclosed. The sensor is conformable to complex structure geometry. It is also non-conductive and immune to electromagnetic interference, saturation or hysteresis. Installation is non-intrusive, and the sensor can be safely routed through flammable areas. Two similar sensor systems are described in this paper. The first system operates at 1310nm laser wavelength and is capable of measuring approximately 300 A - 300 kA, a 60 dB range. Laboratory validation results of aircraft lighting direct and in-direct effect current amplitudes are reported for this sensor. The second system operates at 1550nm wavelength and can measure about 400 A - 400 kA. Triggered-lightning measurement data are presented for this system. Good results are achieved in all cases.

A portable inspection system to estimate direct glare of various LED modules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Po-Li; Liao, Chun-Hsiang; Li, Hung-Chung; Jou, Shyh-Jye; Chen, Han-Ting; Lin, Yu-Hsin; Tang, Yu-Hsiang; Peng, Wei-Jei; Kuo, Hui-Jean; Sun, Pei-Li; Lee, Tsung-Xian

2015-07-01

Glare is caused by both direct and indirect light sources and discomfort glare produces visual discomfort, annoyance, or loss in visual performance and visibility. Direct glare is caused by light sources in the field of view whereas reflected glare is caused by bright reflections from polished or glossy surfaces that are reflected toward an individual. To improve visual comfort of our living environment, a portable inspection system to estimate direct glare of various commercial LED modules with the range of color temperature from 3100 K to 5300 K was developed in this study. The system utilized HDR images to obtain the illumination distribution of LED modules and was first calibrated for brightness and chromaticity and corrected with flat field, dark-corner and curvature by the installed algorithm. The index of direct glare was then automatically estimated after image capturing, and the operator can recognize the performance of LED modules and the possible effects on human being once the index was out of expecting range. In the future, we expect that the quick-response smart inspection system can be applied in several new fields and market, such as home energy diagnostics, environmental lighting and UGR monitoring and popularize it in several new fields.

An LED-based UV-B irradiation system for tiny organisms: System description and demonstration experiment to determine the hatchability of eggs from four Tetranychus spider mite species from Okinawa.

PubMed

Suzuki, Takeshi; Yoshioka, Yoshio; Tsarsitalidou, Olga; Ntalia, Vivi; Ohno, Suguru; Ohyama, Katsumi; Kitashima, Yasuki; Gotoh, Tetsuo; Takeda, Makio; Koveos, Dimitris S

2014-03-01

We developed a computer-based system for controlling the photoperiod and irradiance of UV-B and white light from a 5×5 light-emitting diode (LED) matrix (100×100mm). In this system, the LED matrix was installed in each of four irradiation boxes and controlled by pulse-width modulators so that each box can independently emit UV-B and white light at irradiances of up to 1.5 and 4.0Wm(-2), respectively, or a combination of both light types. We used this system to examine the hatchabilities of the eggs of four Tetranychus spider mite species (T. urticae, T. kanzawai, T. piercei and T. okinawanus) collected from Okinawa Island under UV-B irradiation alone or simultaneous irradiation with white light for 12hd(-1) at 25°C. Although no eggs of any species hatched under the UV-B irradiation, even when the irradiance was as low as 0.02Wm(-2), the hatchabilities increased to >90% under simultaneous irradiation with 4.0Wm(-2) white light. At 0.06Wm(-2) UV-B, T. okinawanus eggs hatched (15% hatchability) under simultaneous irradiation with white light, whereas other species showed hatchabilities <1%. These results suggest that photolyases activated by white light may reduce UV-B-induced DNA damage in spider mite eggs and that the greater UV-B tolerance of T. okinawanus may explain its dominance on plants in seashore environments, which have a higher risk of exposure to reflected UV-B even on the undersurface of leaves. Our system will be useful for further examination of photophysiological responses of tiny organisms because of its ability to precisely control radiation conditions. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Turn on the lights: leveraging visible light for communications and positioning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hranilovic, Steve

2015-01-01

The need for ubiquitous broadband connectivity is continually growing, however, radio spectrum is increasingly scarce and limited by interference. In addition, the energy efficiency of many radio transmitters is low and most input energy is converted to heat. A widely overlooked resource for positioning and broadband access is optical wireless communication reusing existing illumination installations. As many of the 14 billion incandescent bulbs in use worldwide are converted to energy efficient LED lighting, a unique opportunity exists to augment them with visible light communications (VLC) and visible light positioning (VLP). VLC- and VLP- enabled LED lighting is not only energy efficient but enables a host of new use cases such as location-aware ubiquitous high-speed wireless communication links. This talk presents the recent work of the Free-space Optical Communication Algorithms Laboratory (FOCAL) at McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada in developing novel signaling and indoor localization techniques using illumination devices. Developments in the signaling design for VLC systems will be presented along with several prototype VLC communication systems. Novel approaches to the integration of VLC networks with power line communications (PLC) are discussed. The role of visible light communications and ranging for automotive safety will also be highlighted. Several approaches to indoor positioning using illumination devices and simple smartphone-based receivers will be presented. Finally, a vision for VLC and VLP technologies will be presented along with our ongoing research directions.

Field Evaluation of Locomotive Conspicuity Lights

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-05-01

Flashing xenon strobe lamps were installed on locomotives in revenue service as a means of alerting motorists to the hazards they are approaching at a rail-highway grade crossing. Effectiveness of these lights in attracting motorists' attention was e...

Evaluation of an automatic-timed insecticide application system for backyard mosquito control.

PubMed

Cilek, J E; Hallmon, C F; Johnson, R

2008-12-01

Several manufacturers and pest management companies have begun to market and install outdoor automatically timed insecticide application systems that claim to provide an envelope of protection against host-seeking mosquitoes within a defined area, e.g., residential backyards. A typical system consists of a multi-gallon reservoir attached to a continuous loop of plastic tubing with multiple single spray head nozzles. Nozzles are usually placed along the perimeter of a backyard in landscaping or other areas suitable for mosquito harborage. This array is then connected to a programmable electric pump set to automatically apply an insecticide at predetermined intervals. An operational field study was conducted to evaluate this technology using previously installed MistAway systems at.3 residences in northwestern Florida. This system applied a mist-like application of 0.05% AI synergized pyrethrins for 45 sec at dawn and again at dusk in each backyard. Twice-weekly collections from ABC suction light traps, baited with carbon dioxide, were used as the evaluation tool. Female mosquitoes from treatment backyards were compared with trap collections from 3 backyards without automatic misting systems used as controls. We found that weekly mosquito reduction was highly variable and ranged from 98% to 14% during the 35-wk study. Because the primary method of reduction by these application systems was not well understood, a MistAway system was installed in an outdoor simulated residential backyard to determine exposure pathway under controlled conditions with field cage and excised-leaf bioassays. Using laboratory-reared females of Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus in those assays, we found that reduction by the MistAway system was primarily achieved by direct exposure of the mosquitoes to the insecticide application and not from residual deposits on treated vegetation.

A new kind of universal smart home security safety monitoring system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Biqing; Li, Zhao

2018-04-01

With the current level of social development, improved quality of life, existence and security issues of law and order has become an important issue. This graduation project adopts the form of wireless transmission, to STC89C52 microcontroller as the host control human infrared induction anti-theft monitoring system. The system mainly consists of main control circuit, power supply circuit, activities of the human body detection module, sound and light alarm circuit, record and display circuit. The main function is to achieve exploration activities on the human body, then the information is transmitted to the control panel, according to the system microcontroller program control sound and light alarm circuit, while recording the alarm location and time, and always check the record as required, and ultimately achieve the purpose of monitoring. The advantage of using pyroelectric infrared sensor can be installed in a hidden place, not easy to find, and low cost, good detection results, and has broad prospects for development.

Remotely Accessed Vehicle Traffic Management System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Al-Alawi, Raida

2010-06-01

The ever increasing number of vehicles in most metropolitan cities around the world and the limitation in altering the transportation infrastructure, led to serious traffic congestion and an increase in the travelling time. In this work we exploit the emergence of novel technologies such as the internet, to design an intelligent Traffic Management System (TMS) that can remotely monitor and control a network of traffic light controllers located at different sites. The system is based on utilizing Embedded Web Servers (EWS) technology to design a web-based TMS. The EWS located at each intersection uses IP technology for communicating remotely with a Central Traffic Management Unit (CTMU) located at the traffic department authority. Friendly GUI software installed at the CTMU will be able to monitor the sequence of operation of the traffic lights and the presence of traffic at each intersection as well as remotely controlling the operation of the signals. The system has been validated by constructing a prototype that resembles the real application.

Supply and Demand Control of Distributed Generators in a Microgrid for New Energy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shimakage, Toyonari; Sumita, Jiro; Uchiyama, Noriyuki; Kato, Takeyoshi; Suzuoki, Yasuo

We report the operational results of distributed generators (DGs) in a microgrid and present the effects after incorporating photovoltaic power generation (PV) systems into the microgrid for electric power system. The microgrid was constructed at the EXPO 2005 Aichi site as part of a demonstration promoted by NEDO. A solution is needed to problems where instability in the DGs that utilize natural energy such as solar light and wind force negatively influence existing electric power systems. So, we developed energy control system and controlled DGs output to reduce the fluctuation at the grid connected point caused by PV system's instability output. Our microgrid consists of DGs such as PV systems, fuel cells, and NaS batteries, and these DGs are controlled by an energy control system. We verified practical effectiveness of the installing the microgrid as follows. (1) 99.5% of the power imbalance in the supply and demand over 30 minutes was within a range of ±3% under normal operating conditions, (2) the microgrid contributes to the load leveling, (3) energy control system smoothes the power flow fluctuation of PV system output at the grid connected point, (4) in the future, installing a microgrid will help reduce the additional LFC (Load Frequency Control) capacity.

Wireless Occupancy Sensors for Lighting Controls: An Applications Guide for Federal Facility Managers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

This guide provides federal facility managers with an overview of the energy savings potential of wireless lighting occupancy sensors for various room types, cost considerations, key steps to successful installation of wireless sensors, pros and cons of various technology options, light source considerations, and codes and standards.

46 CFR 169.672 - Wiring for power and lighting circuits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Wiring for power and lighting circuits. 169.672 Section... SCHOOL VESSELS Machinery and Electrical Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of Less Than 50 Volts on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons § 169.672 Wiring for power and lighting circuits. (a...

46 CFR 169.679 - Wiring for power and lighting circuits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Wiring for power and lighting circuits. 169.679 Section... SCHOOL VESSELS Machinery and Electrical Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of 50 Volts Or More on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons § 169.679 Wiring for power and lighting circuits. Wiring...

46 CFR 169.679 - Wiring for power and lighting circuits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Wiring for power and lighting circuits. 169.679 Section... SCHOOL VESSELS Machinery and Electrical Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of 50 Volts Or More on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons § 169.679 Wiring for power and lighting circuits. Wiring...

46 CFR 169.679 - Wiring for power and lighting circuits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Wiring for power and lighting circuits. 169.679 Section... SCHOOL VESSELS Machinery and Electrical Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of 50 Volts Or More on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons § 169.679 Wiring for power and lighting circuits. Wiring...

46 CFR 169.679 - Wiring for power and lighting circuits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Wiring for power and lighting circuits. 169.679 Section... SCHOOL VESSELS Machinery and Electrical Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of 50 Volts Or More on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons § 169.679 Wiring for power and lighting circuits. Wiring...

46 CFR 169.679 - Wiring for power and lighting circuits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Wiring for power and lighting circuits. 169.679 Section... SCHOOL VESSELS Machinery and Electrical Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of 50 Volts Or More on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons § 169.679 Wiring for power and lighting circuits. Wiring...

46 CFR 169.672 - Wiring for power and lighting circuits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Wiring for power and lighting circuits. 169.672 Section... SCHOOL VESSELS Machinery and Electrical Electrical Installations Operating at Potentials of Less Than 50 Volts on Vessels of Less Than 100 Gross Tons § 169.672 Wiring for power and lighting circuits. (a...

A Study of Emergency Lighting for the Dade County Board of Public Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pancoast, Ferendino, Grafton and Skeels, Architects, Miami, FL.

Immediate installation of emergency lighting, in addition to that already provided, is recommended for three groups of existing schools--(1) air-conditioned schools and additions with compact plans having inside corridors and instructional areas artifically lighted, (2) senior high schools with adult education programs, and (3) community schools…

Remote video assessment for missile launch facilities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wagner, G.G.; Stewart, W.A.

1995-07-01

The widely dispersed, unmanned launch facilities (LFs) for land-based ICBMs (intercontinental ballistic missiles) currently do not have visual assessment capability for existing intrusion alarms. The security response force currently must assess each alarm on-site. Remote assessment will enhance manpower, safety, and security efforts. Sandia National Laboratories was tasked by the USAF Electronic Systems Center to research, recommend, and demonstrate a cost-effective remote video assessment capability at missile LFs. The project`s charter was to provide: system concepts; market survey analysis; technology search recommendations; and operational hardware demonstrations for remote video assessment from a missile LF to a remote security center viamore » a cost-effective transmission medium and without using visible, on-site lighting. The technical challenges of this project were to: analyze various video transmission media and emphasize using the existing missile system copper line which can be as long as 30 miles; accentuate and extremely low-cost system because of the many sites requiring system installation; integrate the video assessment system with the current LF alarm system; and provide video assessment at the remote sites with non-visible lighting.« less

Use of T12 lighting systems in retrofit applications within New York Office of Mental Health Facilities - A case history

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Henry, C.P.; Marsh, E.J.

1997-06-01

In 1990, the Governor of New York State issued Executive Order No. 132, directing all state agencies to reduce energy consumption by 20% from the base year of 1988/89 by the year 2000. To assist in meeting this goal, the New York State Office of Mental Health (OMH) established the Lighting Revitalization Program in 1992. State facilities are divided into five regions, each served by existing Environmental Revitalization Teams. OMH supplemented these teams with lighting technicians in this new program. The program`s goal was to rehabilitate outdated, inefficient lighting systems throughout 28 OMH facilities, totaling 28 million square feet inmore » area. OMH requested the former Facility Development Corporation (FDC), now the Dormitory Authority of the State of New York (DASNY), to contract with Novus Engineering to evaluate the relative efficiency of T8 and T12 ballasts. Novus contracted an independent laboratory, Eastern Testing Laboratories (ETL), for performance testing. ETL tested four ballast/lamp configurations for light Output and input power, and Novus analyzed the results for relative efficiency and also calculated 25-year life cycle costs. The test results indicated that the efficiencies of the T12/34W and T8/32W ballast/lamp technologies were nearly identical. The input power and light output of these systems were similar. The lumens per Watt ratings for the two systems were nearly equal, with the T8 technology being only about two percent more efficient, generating more light with similar input power. The life cycle costs for the two systems were nearly identical, with the T12 system providing a slightly lower life cycle cost. Given the above considerations, the agency has been installing T12 electronic ballasts and 34W lamps in buildings where fluorescent fixtures warranted upgrading. This type of retrofit goes against current trends, but the use of T8 system could not be justified in buildings undergoing minor retrofitting.« less

Port Needs Study (Vessel Traffic Services Benefits). Volume 2: Appendices. Part 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-08-01

their pilots near Execution Rocks. Pilots for Long Island Sound are available from the Constitution State Pilots Association (Hartford, CT) , Northeast...conditions of weather and for dangerous cargoes, and may become a mandatory system in the near future. Recreational craft are asked to monitor VHF-FM...cameras have been installed atop the tower at Yerba Buena Island ( near VTC). One of the cameras is a Low Light Level (LLTV) type. These cameras

Rural health clinics infrastructure

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Olson, K.

1997-12-01

The author discusses programs which were directed at the installation of photovoltaic power systems in rural health clinics. The objectives included: vaccine refrigeration; ice pack freezing; lighting; communications; medical appliances; sterilization; water purification; and income generation. The paper discusses two case histories, one in the Dominican Republic and one in Colombia. The author summarizes the results of the programs, both successes and failures, and offers an array of conclusions with regard to the implementation of future programs of this general nature.

Adaptive Optics For Imaging Bright Objects Next To Dim Ones

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shao, Michael; Yu, Jeffrey W.; Malbet, Fabien

1996-01-01

Adaptive optics used in imaging optical systems, according to proposal, to enhance high-dynamic-range images (images of bright objects next to dim objects). Designed to alter wavefronts to correct for effects of scattering of light from small bumps on imaging optics. Original intended application of concept in advanced camera installed on Hubble Space Telescope for imaging of such phenomena as large planets near stars other than Sun. Also applicable to other high-quality telescopes and cameras.

Experimental traffic control device testing at New Hampshire toll plazas.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-06-01

This report includes a description of the testing and evaluation methodology of the E-ZPassSM Purple Light Experiment. Purple lights with : advanced signs were installed as supplemental traffic control devices for northbound and southbound E-Zp...

A field demonstration of energy conservation using occupancy sensor lighting control in equipment rooms

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dagle, J.E.

1992-09-01

The Pacific Northwest Laboratory identified energy savings potential of automatic equipment-room lighting controls, which was demonstrated by the field experiment described in this report. Occupancy sensor applications have gained popularity in recent years due to improved technology that enhances reliability and reduces cost. Automatic lighting control using occupancy sensors has been accepted as an energy-conservation measure because it reduces wasted lighting. This study focused on lighting control for equipment rooms, which have inherent conditions ideal for automatic lighting control, i.e., an area which is seldom occupied, multiple users of the area who would not know if others are in themore » room when they leave, and high lighting energy intensity in the area. Two rooms were selected for this study: a small equipment room in the basement of the 337 Building, and a large equipment area in the upper level of the 329 Building. The rooms were selected to demonstrate the various degrees of complexity which may be encountered in equipment rooms throughout the Hanford Site. The 337 Building equipment-room test case demonstrated a 97% reduction in lighting energy consumption, with an annual energy savings of $184. Including lamp-replacement savings, a total savings of $306 per year is offset by an initial installation cost of $1,100. The installation demonstrates a positive net present value of $2,858 when the lamp-replacement costs are included in a life-cycle analysis. This also corresponds to a 4.0-year payback period. The 329 Building equipment-room installation resulted in a 92% reduction in lighting energy consumption. This corresponds to annual energy savings of $1,372, and a total annual savings of $2,104 per year including lamp-replacement savings. The life-cycle cost analysis shows a net present value of $15,855, with a 5.8-year payback period.« less

Light Reflector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1988-01-01

Ultra Sales, Inc.'s fluorescent lighting fixture gets a boost in reflectivity through installation of Lightdriver, a thin tough thermoplastic film plated with aluminum, capable of reflecting 95 percent of visible light striking it. Lightdriver increases brightness without adding bulbs, and allows energy savings by removing some bulbs because the mirrorlike surface cuts light loss generally occasioned by conventional low reflectivity white painted surface above the bulbs in many fluorescent fixtures. Forty-five percent reduction in lighting electricity is attainable.

Non-Mechanical Beam Steering in Free-Space Optical Communication Transceivers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shortt, Kevin

Free-space optical communications systems are a rapidly growing field as they carry many of the advantages of traditional fibre-based communications systems without the added investment of installing complex infrastructure. Moreover, these systems are finding key niches in mobile platforms in order to take advantage of the increased bandwidth over traditional RF systems. Of course, the inevitable problem of tracking arises when dealing with mobile stations. To compound the problem in the case of communications to low Earth or geosynchronous orbits, FSOC systems typically operate with tightly confined beams over great distances often requiring pointing accuracies on the order of micro-radians or smaller. Mechanisms such as gimbal mounts and fine-steering mirrors are the usual candidates for platform stabilization, however, these clearly have substantial power requirements and inflate the mass of the system. Spatial light modulators (also known as optical phased arrays), on the other hand, offer a suitable alternative for beam-pointing stabilization. Some of the advantages of spatial light modulators over fine-steering mirrors include programmable multiple simultaneous beams, dynamic focus/defocus and moderate to excellent optical power handling capability. This thesis serves as an investigation into the implementation of spatial light modulators as a replacement for traditional fine-steering mirrors in the fine-pointing subsystem. In particular, pointing accuracy and scanning ability will be highlighted as performance metrics in the context of a variety of communication scenarios. Keywords: Free-space optical communications, beam steering, fine-steering mirror, spatial light modulator, optical phased array.

Energy System and Thermoeconomic Analysis of Combined Heat and Power High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for Light Commercial Buildings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Colella, Whitney G.; Pilli, Siva Prasad

2015-06-01

The United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE)’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is spearheading a program with industry to deploy and independently monitor five kilowatt-electric (kWe) combined heat and power (CHP) fuel cell systems (FCSs) in light commercial buildings. This publication discusses results from PNNL’s research efforts to independently evaluate manufacturer-stated engineering, economic, and environmental performance of these CHP FCSs at installation sites. The analysis was done by developing parameters for economic comparison of CHP installations. Key thermodynamic terms are first defined, followed by an economic analysis using both a standard accounting approach and a management accounting approach. Keymore » economic and environmental performance parameters are evaluated, including (1) the average per unit cost of the CHP FCSs per unit of power, (2) the average per unit cost of the CHP FCSs per unit of energy, (3) the change in greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollution emissions with a switch from conventional power plants and furnaces to CHP FCSs; (4) the change in GHG mitigation costs from the switch; and (5) the change in human health costs related to air pollution. From the power perspective, the average per unit cost per unit of electrical power is estimated to span a range from $15–19,000/ kilowatt-electric (kWe) (depending on site-specific changes in installation, fuel, and other costs), while the average per unit cost of electrical and heat recovery power varies between $7,000 and $9,000/kW. From the energy perspective, the average per unit cost per unit of electrical energy ranges from $0.38 to $0.46/kilowatt-hour-electric (kWhe), while the average per unit cost per unit of electrical and heat recovery energy varies from $0.18 to $0.23/kWh. These values are calculated from engineering and economic performance data provided by the manufacturer (not independently measured data). The GHG emissions were estimated to decrease by one-third by shifting from a conventional energy system to a CHP FCS system. The GHG mitigation costs were also proportional to the changes in the GHG gas emissions. Human health costs were estimated to decrease significantly with a switch from a conventional system to a CHP FCS system.« less

Field trial of rural solar photovoltaic system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basu, P.; Mukhopadhyay, K.; Banerjee, T.; Das, S.; Saha, H.

Experience, costs, and performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems set up in a remote Indian village to power an adult literacy center and an irrigation pump are described. The center was furnished with a 14-module, 200 W array to power a television and three fluorescent lamps. The pumping installation has 20 modules for a 300 W output directly coupled to a 300-W dc pump motor. Data were gathered on the open circuit voltage, short circuit current, specific gravity of the battery fluid, degradation of the cells, nominal operating temperature of the cells, load currents, Amp-hours, water flow rate (pump), and the static head and draw down rate (pump). Monitoring of the array performances in the dusty environment showed that once/week cleaning is necessary. Al-substrates cracked at the center installation and sealant evaporation caused condensation which degraded the light transmissivity and thereby the short-circuit current of the modules. The combination of low-efficiency (5 pct) cells and cheap labor demonstrated economic operation without high-efficiency cells.

Analysis of daylight performance of solar light pipes influenced by size and shape of sunlight captures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Yanpeng; Jin, Rendong; Zhang, Wenming; Liu, Li; Zou, Dachao

2009-11-01

Experimental investigations on three different sunlight captures with diameter 150mm, 212mm, 300mm were carried out under different conditions such as sunny conditions, cloudy conditions and overcast conditions and the two different size solar light pipes with diameter 360mm and 160mm under sunny conditions. The illuminance in the middle of the sunlight capture have relationship with its size, but not linear. To improve the efficiency of the solar light pipes, the structure and the performance of the sunlight capture must be enhanced. For example, University of Science and Technology Beijing Gymnasium, Beijing 2008 Olympic events of Judo and Taekwondo, 148 solar light pipes were installed with the diameter 530mm for each light pipe. Two sunlight captures with different shape were installed and tested. From the measuring results of the illuminance on the work plane of the gymnasium, the improvement sunlight captures have better effects with the size of augmenting and the machining of the internal surface at the same time, so that the refraction increased and the efficiency of solar light pipes improved. The better effects of supplementary lighting for the gymnasium have been achieved.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilkerson, Andrea M.; Davis, Robert G.

The Yuma Sector Border Patrol Area is a high temperature and high solar radiation environment, providing an opportunity for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to study thermal effects on outdoor light-emitting diode (LED) luminaires outside of the testing laboratory. Six LED luminaires were installed on three poles on the U.S.- Mexico border in February 2014 as part of a trial installation, which was detailed in a prior GATEWAY report.1 The initial trial installation was intended as a short - term test of six luminaires installed on three poles before proceeding with the complete installation of over 400 luminaires. Unexpectedmore » delays in the full installation have prevented the detailed evaluations initially planned, but the six installed LED luminaires continue to be monitored, and over the past year illuminance measurements were recorded initially in February 2014 and again in September 2014 at about 2500 hours of operation and in March 2015 at about 5000 hours of operation.« less

Research of spectacle frame measurement system based on structured light method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guan, Dong; Chen, Xiaodong; Zhang, Xiuda; Yan, Huimin

2016-10-01

Automatic eyeglass lens edging system is now widely used to automatically cut and polish the uncut lens based on the spectacle frame shape data which is obtained from the spectacle frame measuring machine installed on the system. The conventional approach to acquire the frame shape data works in the contact scanning mode with a probe tracing around the groove contour of the spectacle frame which requires a sophisticated mechanical and numerical control system. In this paper, a novel non-contact optical measuring method based on structured light to measure the three dimensional (3D) data of the spectacle frame is proposed. First we focus on the processing approach solving the problem of deterioration of the structured light stripes caused by intense specular reflection on the frame surface. The techniques of bright-dark bi-level fringe projecting, multiple exposuring and high dynamic range imaging are introduced to obtain a high-quality image of structured light stripes. Then, the Gamma transform and median filtering are applied to enhance image contrast. In order to get rid of background noise from the image and extract the region of interest (ROI), an auxiliary lighting system of special design is utilized to help effectively distinguish between the object and the background. In addition, a morphological method with specific morphological structure-elements is adopted to remove noise between stripes and boundary of the spectacle frame. By further fringe center extraction and depth information acquisition through the method of look-up table, the 3D shape of the spectacle frame is recovered.

Vehicle Transponder for Preemption of Traffic Lights

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Foster, Conrad; Bachelder, Aaron

2006-01-01

The purpose of this article is to describe, in more detail, the transponder installed in each vehicle that participates in the emergency traffic-light-preemption system described in the immediately preceding article. The transponder (see figure) is a fully autonomous data--collection, data-processing, information-display, and communication subsystem that performs robustly in preemption of traffic lights and monitoring of the statuses of street intersections. This transponder monitors the condition of the emergency vehicle in which it is installed and determines when the vehicle has been placed in an emergency-response condition with its siren and/or warning lights activated. Upon detection of such a condition, the transponder collects real-time velocity and acceleration data from the onboard diagnostic (OBD) computer of the vehicle. For this purpose, the transponder contains an OBD interface circuit, including a microprocessor that determines the manufacturer and model of the vehicle and then sends the appropriate commands to the OBD computer requesting the speed and acceleration data. At the same time, data from an onboard navigation system are collected to determine the location and the heading of the vehicle. Then acceleration, speed, position, and heading data are processed and combined with a vehicle-identification number and the resulting set of data is transmitted to monitoring and control units located at all intersections within communication range. When the unit at an intersection determines that this vehicle is approaching and has priority to preempt the intersection, it transmits a signal declaring the priority and the preemption to all participating vehicles (including this one) in the vicinity. If the unit at the intersection has determined that other participating vehicles are also approaching the intersection, then this unit also transmits, to the vehicle that has priority, a message that the other vehicles are approaching the same intersection. The texts of these messages, plus graphical symbols that show the directions and numbers of the approaching vehicles, are presented on the display panel of a computer that is part of the transponder.

Cotton-Mouton polarimeter with HCN laser on CHS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Akiyama, T.; Kawahata, K.; Ito, Y.

Polarimeters based on the Cotton-Mouton effect hold promise for electron density measurements. We have designed and installed a Cotton-Mouton polarimeter on the Compact Helical System. The Cotton-Mouton effect is measured as the phase difference between probe and reference beams. In this system, an interferometric measurement can be performed simultaneously with the same probe chord. The light source is a HCN laser (wavelength of 337 {mu}m). Digital complex demodulation is adopted for small phase analysis. The line averaged density evaluated from the polarimeter along a plasma center chord is almost consistent with that from the interferometer.

OTDR fiber-optical chemical sensor system for detection and location of hydrocarbon leakage.

PubMed

Buerck, J; Roth, S; Kraemer, K; Mathieu, H

2003-08-15

A distributed sensing system for apolar hydrocarbons is presented which is built from a polymer-clad silica fiber adapted to an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) set-up. OTDR measurements allow locating and detecting chemicals by measuring the time delay between short light pulses entering the fiber and discrete changes in the backscatter signals that are caused by local extraction of hydrocarbons into the fiber cladding. The light guiding properties of the fiber are affected by interaction of the extracted chemicals with the evanescent wave light field extending into the fiber cladding. Distributed sensing of pure liquid hydrocarbons (HC) and aqueous HC solutions with a commercially available mini-OTDR adapted to sensing fibers of up to 1km length could be demonstrated. A pulsed laser diode emitting at the 850 nm telecommunication wavelength was applied in the mini-OTDR to locate the HCs by analyzing the step drop (light loss) in the backscatter signal, which is induced by local refractive index (RI) increase in the silicone cladding due to the extracted HC. The prototype instrument can be applied for monitoring hydrocarbon leakage in large technical installations, such as tanks, chemical pipelines or chemical waste disposal containments.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING FOR MODERN SCHOOLS, A GUIDE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE USE.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

REIDA, GEORGE W.; AND OTHERS

THE DEVELOPMENT OF GOOD VISUAL ENVIRONMENT AND ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS IN SCHOOLS IS DISCUSSED IN THIS GUIDE. EIGHTY PERCENT OF ALL SCHOOL LEARNING IS GAINED THROUGH THE EYES AS ESTIMATED BY THE U.S. OFFICE OF EDUCATION. GOOD SCHOOL LIGHTING IS COMFORTABLE, GLAREFREE AND ADEQUATE FOR THE VISUAL TASK. EYE STRAIN AND UNNECESSARY…

Green Schools Energy Project: A Step-by-Step Manual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quigley, Gwen

This publication contains a step-by-step guide for implementing an energy-saving project in local school districts: the installation of newer, more energy-efficient "T-8" fluorescent tube lights in place of "T-12" lights. Eleven steps are explained in detail: (1) find out what kind of lights the school district currently uses;…

Linear CCD attitude measurement system based on the identification of the auxiliary array CCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Yinghui; Yuan, Feng; Li, Kai; Wang, Yan

2015-10-01

Object to the high precision flying target attitude measurement issues of a large space and large field of view, comparing existing measurement methods, the idea is proposed of using two array CCD to assist in identifying the three linear CCD with multi-cooperative target attitude measurement system, and to address the existing nonlinear system errors and calibration parameters and more problems with nine linear CCD spectroscopic test system of too complicated constraints among camera position caused by excessive. The mathematical model of binocular vision and three linear CCD test system are established, co-spot composition triangle utilize three red LED position light, three points' coordinates are given in advance by Cooperate Measuring Machine, the red LED in the composition of the three sides of a triangle adds three blue LED light points as an auxiliary, so that array CCD is easier to identify three red LED light points, and linear CCD camera is installed of a red filter to filter out the blue LED light points while reducing stray light. Using array CCD to measure the spot, identifying and calculating the spatial coordinates solutions of red LED light points, while utilizing linear CCD to measure three red LED spot for solving linear CCD test system, which can be drawn from 27 solution. Measured with array CCD coordinates auxiliary linear CCD has achieved spot identification, and has solved the difficult problems of multi-objective linear CCD identification. Unique combination of linear CCD imaging features, linear CCD special cylindrical lens system is developed using telecentric optical design, the energy center of the spot position in the depth range of convergence in the direction is perpendicular to the optical axis of the small changes ensuring highprecision image quality, and the entire test system improves spatial object attitude measurement speed and precision.

Coal conversion legislation. Part I. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Energy Production and Supply of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, Ninety-Fifth Congress, First Session on S. 272, S. 273, and S. 977, March 21 and 29, 1977. [Coal utilization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1977-01-01

The legislation on greater coal utilization before the committee includes S. 272 (requiring, to the extent practicable, electric power plants and major fuel-bearing installations to utilize fuels other than natural gas); S. 273 (requiring, to the extent practicable, new electric power plants and new major fuel-burning installations be constructed to utliize fuels other than natural gas or petroleum); and S. 977 (requiring, to the extent practicable, existing electric power plants and major fuel-burning installations to utilize fuels other than natural gas or petroleum). Statements were heard from seven senators and representatives from the following: American Electric Power Service Corp., Americanmore » Boiler Manufactures Association, National Electric Reliability Council, Virgina Electric and Power Co., Fossil Power Systems, Houston Lighting and Power Co., other electric utility industry representatives, and the Federal Energy Adminstration. Additional material from the Wall Street Journal and the Washington Post is included. (MCW)« less

Development of a pin-post insulator with built-in metal oxide varistors for distribution lines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fujiwara, N.; Yoneyama, T.; Hamada, Y.

1996-04-01

A 6.6 kV pin-post insulator, incorporating ZnO varistors, has been developed in order to reduce line faults caused by direct lighting strikes, thereby reducing and simplifying maintenance work on distribution systems. The developed insulators are interchangeable with conventional pin insulators and can withstand internal fault currents twice upon their failures. The simulated results regarding the response of the developed insulators to direct lightning strikes on an overhead ground wire agreed well with the experimental results. Simulation studies also revealed that installing the developed insulators on every two poles reduces the line-fault rate of present distribution lines in case of directmore » lightning strikes by 33%, while installing them on every pole reduces the rate by 97.5% or about 1/40 of the original value.« less

SELCO: A model for solar rural electrification in India

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hande, H. Harish

1999-11-01

The following thesis presents the concept of a Rural Energy Service Company in India, known as SELCO. The model is being set up as a sustainable proposition for the implementation of solar photovoltaics as a viable alternative to provide reliable home lighting in the rural areas of India. The SELCO approach has already achieved noteworthy social and commercial results. Institutional, policy and operational problems have long plagued the rural electrification programs in India, resulting in thousands of villages without access to electricity. SELCO is a solar energy service company operating in Southern India since 1995, focusing on the enormous untapped market for home lighting where thousands of households have no access to electricity and severe power shortages face those already connected to the electric grid. The Company has installed nearly 2,000 solar home lighting systems. From a modest two employees company in 1995, it has grown to 35 in 1997 and from one office to eight. The hypothesis to be tested in this study is that in rural India, in a market not subsidized by the government, a solar service company with available loans from local banks and cooperatives and with sales, installation, and maintenance personnel in the villages can be successful in introducing photovoltaic systems to provide basic amenities such as lighting and water pumping for the improvement of the quality of life, public health, and the environment. The initial success of SELCO lends considerable evidence to the acceptance of the hypothesis. To accomplish its mission, SELCO works with commercial, retail, and rural development banks with large rural branch networks to stimulate loans to SELCO's customers based on a standard set of attractive financing terms. SELCO through its successful model has convinced the policy makers that a way to increase rural families' access to consumer financing for solar home lighting systems is through the existing financial network available in the country. Private investments, loans, and conditional grants totaling approximately US$ 650,000 have provided the working capital to date. A successful SELCO project would serve as a model for the world. The project would serve as a model not only for the Indian Government, the State Electricity Boards, and other Indian companies, but for the bulk of the world's utilities that are finding it difficult to electrify the vast majority of their rural service territories.

Status of the SAGA Light Source

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kaneyasu, T.; Takabayashi, Y.; Iwasaki, Y.

The SAGA Light Source (SAGA-LS) is a synchrotron radiation facility consisting of a 255 MeV injector linac and a 1.4 GeV storage ring that is 75.6 m in circumference. The SAGA-LS has been stably providing synchrotron radiation to users since it first started user operation in February 2006. Along with the user operation, various machine improvements have been made over the past years, including upgrading the injector linac control system, replacing a septum magnet and constructing a beam diagnostic system. In addition to these improvements, insertion devices have been developed and installed. An APPLE-II type variable polarization undulator was installedmore » in 2008. To address the demand from users for high-flux hard x-rays, a superconducting 4 T class wiggler is being developed. An experimental setup for generating MeV photons by laser Compton scattering is being constructed for beam monitoring and future user experiments.« less

Hydroponic system design with real time OS based on ARM Cortex-M microcontroller

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Atmadja, Wiedjaja; Liawatimena, Suryadiputra; Lukas, Jonathan; Nata, Eka Putra Leo; Alexander, Ivan

2017-12-01

Hydroponic is the process of growing plants without soil, plant root flooded or moist with nutrient-rich solutions in inert material. Hydroponics has become a reality for greenhouse growers in virtually all climates. Large hydroponic installations exist throughout the world for growing flowers, vegetables and some short period fruit like tomato and cucumber. In soilless culture, we must maintain stable pH and conductivity level of nutrient solution to make plant grow well, large variation of pH of certain time will poisoned plant. This paper describes development complete automation hydroponic system, from maintaining stable nutrient composition (conductivity and pH), grow light, and monitor plant environment such as CO2, temperature and humidity. The heart of our automation is ARM Cortex-M4 from ST Microelectronic running ARM mbed OS, the official Real Time Operating System (RTOS) for ARM Cortex-M microcontroller. Using RTOS gives us flexibility to have multithreaded process. Results show that system capable to control desired concentration level with variation of less than 3%, pH sensor show good accuracy 5.83% from pH value 3.23-10. Growing light intensity measurement show result 105 μmol/m2/s therefore we need turn on the light at least 17 hours/day to fulfil plant light requirement. RTOS give good performance with latency and jitter less than 15 us, system overall show good performance and accuracy for automating hydroponic plant in vegetative phase of growth.

Environmental Impact Analysis Process. Environmental Assessment for Replacement Medical Clinic 61st Medical Squadron, Los Angeles Air Force Base

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-12-01

mass transit (buses, commuter trains and light rail ) serves Los Angeles County. Immediate public transit access to Los Angeles AFB is by bus only. 3.8...mostly paved. As a result, surface drainage enters the storm sewer system. Stormwater run-off from Area B of Los Angeles AFB, and specifically from...leaves the installation in the form of stormwater run-off. Little infiltration of rainfall is expected. 3.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES As a result of the

Gravity research at Cottrell observatory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tuman, V. S.; Anderson, J. D.; Lau, E. L.

1977-01-01

The Cottrell gravity research observatory and work in progress are described. Equipment in place and equipment to be installed, the cryogenic gravity meter (CGM), concrete pads to support the vertical seismometer, CGM, and guest experiments, techniques of data analysis, and improvements needed in the CGM are discussed. Harmonic earth eigenvibrations with multipole moments are examined and their compatibility with a fictitious black hole binary system (of which the primary central mass is assigned a value one million solar masses) located 400 light-years away is shown by calculations.

How To Improve Work In Planetarium?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pavicic, G.

2009-09-01

Planetariums can provide an immersive environment for scientific education, virtual reality, and entertainment (Shaw 1998). Digital projection into domes, called "full dome projection", can be a technically challenging and expensive exercise, particularly for installation with a modest budget. Here we present an alternative full dome digital projection system, which consists of a single projector and a spherical mirror that scatter the light onto the dome surface. This approach offers many advantages over the fisheye lens alternatives, and results in a similar quality for just a fraction of costs.

Commissioning of BL 7.2, the new diagnostic beam line at the ALS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sannibale, Fernando; Baum, Dennis; Biocca, Alan

2004-06-29

BL 7.2 is a new beamline at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) dedicated to electron beam diagnostics. The system, which is basically a hard x-ray pinhole camera, was installed in the storage ring in August 2003 and commissioning with the ALS electron beam followed immediately after. In this paper the commissioning results are presented together with the description of the relevant measurements performed for the beamline characterization.

A Study of the World’s Naval Surface-to-Air Missile Defense Systems.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-12-01

in various installations to foreign radars, such as the Contraves SeaHunter, SanGiogio NA9. A light- weight , three-round launcher (based on the short... Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7- B. MINIMUM SIGNAL DETECTION . . . . . . . . . . . 22 1. Noise Figure F ......... ..... 25 2. Minimum Signal-to...idealized radar equation becomes Pr 4>, 2 (2. 11) a, 4 2. S Losses There are many sources of power loss in the echo, and these losses reduce the energy of

MOCVD Process Technology for Affordable, High-Yield, High-Performance MESFET Structures. MIMIC Phase 3

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-26

by an optical pyrometer that views the inside of the susceptor through a sapphire light pipe. The gas delivery system is of standard commercial design ...of the operating conditions for MESFET growth. 2.2.2 Modifications to the Apparatus for MIMIC Spire designed and installed a bell jar capable of...withstanding, without water cooling, the 500 to 1 100’C temperatures needed for MOCVD growth. The bell jar features a flow disrupter of proprietary design

Movement Intention Prediction to Find a New Exoskeleton Design with Light and Comfortable Materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plaza Torres, Ing. Mauricio; Fredy Bernal, Ing; Andrés Cifuentes, Ing.

2017-12-01

This paper presents a discussion about the design a novel exoskeleton and the implementation of superficial magnetic sensor and pressure sensor for find patterns and parameters in order to predicting the intention of movement for people with musculoskeletal system problem in lower limbs. The information is obtained through reading position and movement by magnetic and pressure sensor installed in different parts of the body. The advantage of this sensor is the location of the position reference of the every part of the body. Using the sensor in some parts of the body is possible to calculate the muscle contraction for the prediction of intended movement and to find a new design with light and comfortable materials.

Effects of colored light-emitting diode illumination on behavior and performance of laying hens.

PubMed

Huber-Eicher, B; Suter, A; Spring-Stähli, P

2013-04-01

The best method for lighting poultry houses has been an issue for many decades, generating much interest in any new systems that become available. Poultry farmers are now increasingly using colored LED (light-emitting diodes) to illuminate hen houses (e.g., in Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, and England). In Switzerland all newly installed systems are now equipped with LED, preferably green ones. The LED give monochromatic light from different wavelengths and have several advantages over conventional illuminants, including high energy efficiency, long life, high reliability, and low maintenance costs. The following study examines the effects of illumination with white, red, and green LED on behavior and production parameters of laying hens. Light intensities in the 3 treatments were adjusted to be perceived by hens as equal. Twenty-four groups of 25 laying hens were kept in identical compartments (5.0 × 3.3 m) equipped with a litter area, raised perches, feed and drinking facilities, and nest boxes. Initially, they were kept under white LED for a 2-wk adaptation period. For the next 4 wk, 8 randomly chosen compartments were lit with red LED (640 nm) and 8 others with green LED (520 nm). Behavior was monitored during the last 2 wk of the trial. Additionally weight gain, feed consumption, onset of lay, and laying performance were recorded. The results showed minor effects of green light on explorative behavior, whereas red light reduced aggressiveness compared with white light. The accelerating effect of red light on sexual development of laying hens was confirmed, and the trial demonstrated that this effect was due to the specific wavelength and not the intensity of light. However, an additional effect of light intensity may exist and should not be excluded.

Wide-angle ITER-prototype tangential infrared and visible viewing system for DIII-D.

PubMed

Lasnier, C J; Allen, S L; Ellis, R E; Fenstermacher, M E; McLean, A G; Meyer, W H; Morris, K; Seppala, L G; Crabtree, K; Van Zeeland, M A

2014-11-01

An imaging system with a wide-angle tangential view of the full poloidal cross-section of the tokamak in simultaneous infrared and visible light has been installed on DIII-D. The optical train includes three polished stainless steel mirrors in vacuum, which view the tokamak through an aperture in the first mirror, similar to the design concept proposed for ITER. A dichroic beam splitter outside the vacuum separates visible and infrared (IR) light. Spatial calibration is accomplished by warping a CAD-rendered image to align with landmarks in a data image. The IR camera provides scrape-off layer heat flux profile deposition features in diverted and inner-wall-limited plasmas, such as heat flux reduction in pumped radiative divertor shots. Demonstration of the system to date includes observation of fast-ion losses to the outer wall during neutral beam injection, and shows reduced peak wall heat loading with disruption mitigation by injection of a massive gas puff.

Wide-angle ITER-prototype tangential infrared and visible viewing system for DIII-D

DOE PAGES

Lasnier, Charles J.; Allen, Steve L.; Ellis, Ronald E.; ...

2014-08-26

An imaging system with a wide-angle tangential view of the full poloidal cross-section of the tokamak in simultaneous infrared and visible light has been installed on DIII-D. The optical train includes three polished stainless steel mirrors in vacuum, which view the tokamak through an aperture in the first mirror, similar to the design concept proposed for ITER. A dichroic beam splitter outside the vacuum separates visible and infrared (IR) light. Spatial calibration is accomplished by warping a CAD-rendered image to align with landmarks in a data image. The IR camera provides scrape-off layer heat flux profile deposition features in divertedmore » and inner-wall-limited plasmas, such as heat flux reduction in pumped radiative divertor shots. As a result, demonstration of the system to date includes observation of fast-ion losses to the outer wall during neutral beam injection, and shows reduced peak wall heat loading with disruption mitigation by injection of a massive gas puff.« less

A simultaneous spectroscopic and photometric study of two eclipsing binaries: V566 Oph and V972 Her

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Selam, S. O.; Esmer, E. M.; Şenavcı, H. V.; Bahar, E.; Yörükoğlu, O.; Yılmaz, M.; Baştürk, Ö.

2018-02-01

In this study, we have performed simultaneous solutions of light and radial velocity curves of two eclipsing binary systems, V566 Oph and V972 Her. We observed both systems spectroscopically with a very recently installed spectrograph on the 40 cm telescope, T40, located in Ankara University Kreiken Observatory (AUKR), for the first time. We made use of the photometric data from the Hipparcos satellite for V972 Her, while we obtained the photometric observations of V566 Oph by using the 35 cm telescope, T35, located also in our observatory campus. We derived the absolute parameters for both systems and discussed their evolutionary states. In addition to the simultaneous analysis, we have also analyzed the change in mid-eclipse times for V566 Oph, and found cyclic variations, for which we have discussed light-time effect and magnetic activity as their potential origin, superimposed on a secular change due to a mass transfer between the components of the binary.

Optical fibres in the radiation environment of CERN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guillermain, E.

2017-11-01

CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research (in Geneva, Switzerland), is home to a complex scientific instrument: the 27-kilometre Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collides beams of high-energy particles at close to the speed of light. Optical fibres are widely used at CERN, both in surface areas (e.g. for inter-building IT networks) and in the accelerator complex underground (e.g. for cryogenics, vacuum, safety systems). Optical fibres in the accelerator are exposed to mixed radiation fields (mainly composed of protons, pions, neutrons and other hadrons, gamma rays and electrons), with dose rates depending on the particular installation zone, and with radiation levels often significantly higher than those encountered in space. In the LHC and its injector chain radiation levels range from relatively low annual doses of a few Gy up to hundreds of kGy. Optical fibres suffer from Radiation Induced Attenuation (RIA, expressed in dB per unit length) that affect light transmission and which depends on the irradiation conditions (e.g. dose rate, total dose, temperature). In the CERN accelerator complex, the failure of an optical link can affect the proper functionality of control or monitoring systems and induce the interruption of the accelerator operation. The qualification of optical fibres for installation in critical radiation areas is therefore crucial. Thus, all optical fibre types installed in radiation areas at CERN are subject to laboratory irradiation tests, in order to evaluate their RIA at different total dose and dose rates. This allows the selection of the appropriate optical fibre type (conventional or radiation resistant) compliant with the requirements of each installation. Irradiation tests are performed in collaboration with Fraunhofer INT (irradiation facilities and expert team in Euskirchen, Germany). Conventional off-the-shelf optical fibres can be installed for optical links exposed to low radiation levels (i.e. annual dose typically below few kGy). Nevertheless, the conventional optical fibres must be carefully qualified as a spread in RIA of factor 10 is observed among optical fibres of different types and dopants. In higher radiation areas, special radiation resistant optical fibres are installed. For total dose above 1 kGy, the RIA of these special optical fibres is at least 10 times lower than the conventional optical fibres RIA at same irradiation conditions. 2400 km of these special radiation resistant optical fibres were recently procured at CERN. As part of this procurement process, a quality assurance plan including the irradiation testing of all 65 produced batches was set up. This presentation will review the selection process of the appropriate optical fibre types to be installed in the radiation environment of CERN. The methodology for choosing the irradiation parameters for the laboratory tests will be discussed together with an overview of the RIA of different optical fibre types under several irradiation conditions.

A setup for combined multiphoton laser scanning microscopic and multi-electrode patch clamp experiments on brain slices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Helm, P. Johannes; Reppen, Trond; Heggelund, Paul

2009-02-01

Multi Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy (MPLSM) appears today as one of the most powerful experimental tools in cellular neurophysiology, notably in studies of the functional dynamics of signal processing in single neurons. Simultaneous recording of fluorescence signals at high spatial and temporal resolution and electric signals by means of multi electrode patch clamp techniques have provided new paths for the systematic investigation of neuronal mechanisms. In particular, this approach has opened for direct studies of dendritic signal processing in neurons. We report about a setup optimized for simultaneous electrophysiological multi electrode patch clamp and multi photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopic experiments on brain slices. The microscopic system is based on a modified commercially available confocal scanning laser microscope (CLSM). From a technical and operational point of view, two developments are important: Firstly, in order to reduce the workload for the experimentalist, who in general is forced to concentrate on controlling the electrophysiological parameters during the recordings, a system of shutters has been installed together with dedicated electronic modules protecting the photo detectors against destructive light levels caused by erroneous opening or closing of microscopic light paths by the experimentalist. Secondly, the standard detection unit has been improved by installing the photomultiplier tubes (PMT) in a Peltier cooled thermal box shielding the detector from both room temperature and distortions caused by external electromagnetic fields. The electrophysiological system is based on an industrial standard multi patch clamp unit ergonomically arranged around the microscope stage. The electrophysiological and scanning processes can be time coordinated by standard trigger electronics.

Demonstration Assessment of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Roadway Lighting at the I-35W Bridge, Minneapolis, MN

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kinzey, Bruce R.; Myer, Michael

2009-08-31

This report describes the process and results of a demonstration of solid-state lighting (SSL) technology conducted in 2009 at the recently reconstructed I-35W bridge in Minneapolis, MN. The project was supported under the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Solid-State Lighting GATEWAY Technology Demonstration Program. Other participants in the demonstration project included the Minnesota Department of Transportation (Mn/DOT), Federal Highways Administration (FHWA), and BetaLED™ (a division of Ruud Lighting). Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) conducted the measurements and analysis of the results. DOE has implemented a three-year evaluation of the LED luminaires in this installation in order to develop new longitudinalmore » field data on LED performance in a challenging, real-world environment. This document provides information through the initial phase of the I-35W bridge project, up to and including the opening of the bridge to the public and the initial feedback received on the LED lighting installation from bridge users. Initial findings of the evaluation are favorable, with minimum energy savings level of 13% for the LED installation relative to the simulated base case using 250W high-pressure sodium (HPS) fixtures. The LEDs had an average illuminance level of 0.91 foot candles compared to 1.29 fc for the HPS lamps. The LED luminaires cost $38,000 more than HPS lamps, yielding a lengthy payback period, however the bridge contractor had offered to include the LED luminaires as part of the construction package at no additional cost. One potentially significant benefit of the LEDs in this installation is avoiding rolling lane closures on the heavily-traveled interstate bridge for the purpose of relamping the HPS fixtures. Rolling lane closures involve multiple crew members and various maintenance and safety vehicles, diversion of traffic, as well as related administrative tasks (e.g., approvals, scheduling, etc.). Mn/DOT records show an average cost of relamping fixtures along interstate roadways of between $130-150 per pole. The previous bridge saw a lamp mortality rate of approximately 50% every two years, though the new bridge was designed to minimize many of the vibration issues. A voluntary Web-based feedback survey of nearly 500 self-described bridge users showed strong preference for the LED lighting - positive comments outnumbered negative ones by about five-to-one.« less

Energy Tracking in Classrooms - A Real Time Experiment with Grade 5 Students

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lam, H. M.; Ho, F.

2015-12-01

ISF Academy, a K-G12 school in Hong Kong with over 1500 students and currently spanning 3 buildings, is retrofitting the school with an energy tracking system in three phases. The first phase during the fall of 2015 will include retrofitting eight Grade 5 classrooms. This new program will show the daily energy usage data from these classrooms. The Grade 5 students receive feedback on their energy use in real time as they compete over two months in their homeroom classes to lower their electrical use, and subsequently their carbon footprint. This competition style initiative will teach the 180 Grade 5 students about their energy usage in a fun and informative manner. ISF Academy has over 400 air-conditioners and we have already determined that the air conditioners are the largest single use of energy in the school. The energy tracking system installed and maintained by from Global Design Corporation utilizes uniquely identified current detectors attached to circuit breakers, to monitor electrical use of individual circuits. These detectors will also monitor the energy used for classroom lighting, fans and plugs, as well as the air conditioners. The system has been installed and the Grade 5 classrooms averaged between 40 kWh and 120 kWh of usage in May 2015. This data will be used as the baseline for the competition. Further analysis can also be done with the data, such as calculating the carbon emissions reduction throughout the school year, providing possible class learning activities and also aiding in future energy use and carbon footprint predictions. The data collected will help refine phase 2 and 3 of the installation, expanding the system to more buildings and also giving insight to the rollout of the system to the whole school when the systems are fully in place.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kinzey, Bruce R.; Myer, Michael

This report describes the process and results of a demonstration of solid-state lighting (SSL) technology in a residential street lighting application, under the U.S. Department of Energy GATEWAY Solid-State Lighting Technology Demonstration Program. In this project, eight 100W (nominal) high-pressure sodium cobra head fixtures were replaced with a like number of LED street light luminaires manufactured by Leotek, Inc. The Leotek product achieved an estimated payback in the Lija Loop installation of about 20 years for replacement scenarios and a much shorter 7.6 years for new installations. Much of the associated energy savings (55%) supporting these payback periods, however, weremore » achieved by reducing average horizontal photopic illuminance a similar amount (53%). Examined from a different perspective, the measured performance suggests that the Leotek product is at approximate parity with the HPS cobra head in terms of average delivered photopic illumination for a given power consumption. HPS comprises the second most efficacious street lighting technology available, exceeded only by low pressure sodium (LPS). LPS technology is not considered suitable for most street lighting applications due to its monochromatic spectral output and poor color rendering ability; therefore, this LED product is performing at an efficiency level comparable to its primary competition in this application.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ashe, Mary; Chwastyk, Dan; de Monasterio, Caroline

The 2010 U.S. Lighting Market Characterization is the second report released by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Solid State Lighting Program that provides summary estimates of the installed stock, energy use, and lumen production of all lamps operating in the U.S, the first version being released in 2002.

Characteristics of urban transportation systems. A handbook for transportation planners

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1975-05-01

The objective of the handbook, specifically for use by transportation planners in the evaluation of alternative systems, is to provide a single simplified reference source which characterizes the most important performance characteristics of the following contemporary urban transportation systems: (1) rail (commuter, rapid, and light); (2) local bus and bus rapid transit; (3) automobile-highway system (automobiles and other vehicles); (4) pedestrian assistance systems; and (5) activity center systems--people mover systems that have been installed at airports, zoos, amusement parks, etc. The handbook assesses the supply or performance aspect of urban transportation dealing with passenger demand implicitly. Seven supply parameters studiedmore » are: speed, capacity (service volume), operating cost (vehicle), energy consumption (vehicle or source), pollution, capital cost, and accident frequency.« less

Status of ARGOS - The Laser Guide Star System for the LBT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Raab, Walfried; Rabien, Sebastian; Gaessler, Wolfgang; Esposito, Simone; Antichi, Jacopo; Lloyd-Hart, Michael; Barl, Lothar; Beckmann, Udo; Bonaglia, Marco; Borelli, Jose; Brynnel, Joar; Buschkamp, Peter; Busoni, Lorenzo; Carbonaro, Luca; Christou, Julian; Connot, Claus; Davies, Richard; Deysenroth, Matthias; Durney, Olivier; Green, Richard; Gemperlein, Hans; Gasho, Victor; Haug, Marcus; Hubbard, Pete; Ihle, Sebastian; Kulas, Martin; Loose, Christina; Lehmitz, Michael; Noenickx, Jamison; Nussbaum, Edmund; Orban De Xivry, Gilles; Quirrenbach, Andreas; Peter, Diethard; Rahmer, Gustavo; Rademacher, Matt; Storm, Jesper; Schwab, Christian; Vaitheeswaran, Vidhya; Ziegleder, Julian

2013-12-01

ARGOS is an innovative multiple laser guide star adaptive optics system for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT), designed to perform effective GLAO correction over a very wide field of view. The system is using high powered pulsed green (532 nm) lasers to generate a set of three guide stars above each of the LBT mirrors. The laser beams are launched through a 40 cm telescope and focused at an altitude of 12 km, creating laser beacons by means of Rayleigh scattering. The returning scattered light, primarily sensitive to the turbulences close to the ground, is detected by a gated wavefront sensor system. The derived ground layer correction signals are directly driving the adaptive secondary mirror of the LBT. ARGOS is especially designed for operation with the multiple object spectrograph Luci, which will benefit from both, the improved spatial resolution, as well as the strongly enhanced flux. In addition to the GLAO Rayleigh beacon system, ARGOS was also designed for a possible future upgrade with a hybrid sodium laser - Rayleigh beacon combination, enabling diffraction limited operation. The ARGOS laser system has undergone extensive tests during Summer 2012 and is scheduled for installation at the LBT in Spring 2013. The remaining sub-systems will be installed during the course of 2013. We report on the overall status of the ARGOS system and the results of the sub-system characterizations carried out so far.

Cryogenic System for the Cryomodule Test Stand at Fermilab

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

White, Michael J.; Hansen, Benjamin; Klebaner, Arkadiy

This paper describes the cryogenic system for the Cryomodule Test Stand (CMTS) at the new Cryomodule Test Facility (CMTF) located at Fermilab. CMTS is designed for production testing of the 1.3 GHz and 3.9GHz cryomodules to be used in the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLSII), which is an upgrade to an existing accelerator at Stanford Linear Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC). This paper will focus on the cryogenic system that extends from the helium refrigeration plant to the CMTS cave. Topics covered will include component design, installation and commissioning progress, and operational plans. The paper will conclude with a description ofmore » the heat load measurement plan.« less

Far-infrared tangential interferometer/polarimeter design and installation for NSTX-U

DOE PAGES

Scott, E. R.; Barchfeld, R.; Riemenschneider, P.; ...

2016-08-09

Here, the Far-infrared Tangential Interferometer/Polarimeter (FIReTIP) system has been refurbished and is being reinstalled on the National Spherical Torus Experiment—Upgrade (NSTX-U) to supply real-time line-integrated core electron density measurements for use in the NSTX-U plasma control system (PCS) to facilitate real-time density feedback control of the NSTX-U plasma. Inclusion of a visible light heterodyne interferometer in the FIReTIP system allows for real-time vibration compensation due to movement of an internally mounted retroreflector and the FIReTIP front-end optics. Real-time signal correction is achieved through use of a National Instruments CompactRIO field-programmable gate array.

Power line detection system

DOEpatents

Latorre, Victor R.; Watwood, Donald B.

1994-01-01

A short-range, radio frequency (RF) transmitting-receiving system that provides both visual and audio warnings to the pilot of a helicopter or light aircraft of an up-coming power transmission line complex. Small, milliwatt-level narrowband transmitters, powered by the transmission line itself, are installed on top of selected transmission line support towers or within existing warning balls, and provide a continuous RF signal to approaching aircraft. The on-board receiver can be either a separate unit or a portion of the existing avionics, and can also share an existing antenna with another airborne system. Upon receipt of a warning signal, the receiver will trigger a visual and an audio alarm to alert the pilot to the potential power line hazard.

Formation of stored heat by means of bled steam during times of load reduction and its use in peak load times

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bitterlich, E.

1977-01-01

Technical possibilities and economic advantages of integrating hot water storage systems into power plants fired with fossil fuels are discussed. The systems can be charged during times of load reduction and then used for back-up during peak load periods. Investment costs are higher for such systems than for gas turbine power plants fired with natural gas or light oil installed to meet peak load demand. However, by improving specific heat consumption by about 1,000 kcal/k ohm, which thus reduces the related costs, investment costs will be compensated for, so that power production costs will not increase.

Optimized Sensor Network and Multi-Agent Decision Support for Smart Traffic Light Management.

PubMed

Cruz-Piris, Luis; Rivera, Diego; Fernandez, Susel; Marsa-Maestre, Ivan

2018-02-02

One of the biggest challenges in modern societies is to solve vehicular traffic problems. Sensor networks in traffic environments have contributed to improving the decision-making process of Intelligent Transportation Systems. However, one of the limiting factors for the effectiveness of these systems is in the deployment of sensors to provide accurate information about the traffic. Our proposal is using the centrality measurement of a graph as a base to locate the best locations for sensor installation in a traffic network. After integrating these sensors in a simulation scenario, we define a Multi-Agent Systems composed of three types of agents: traffic light management agents, traffic jam detection agents, and agents that control the traffic lights at an intersection. The ultimate goal of these Multi-Agent Systems is to improve the trip duration for vehicles in the network. To validate our solution, we have developed the needed elements for modelling the sensors and agents in the simulation environment. We have carried out experiments using the Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) traffic simulator and the Travel and Activity PAtterns Simulation (TAPAS) Cologne traffic scenario. The obtained results show that our proposal allows to reduce the sensor network while still obtaining relevant information to have a global view of the environment. Finally, regarding the Multi-Agent Systems, we have carried out experiments that show that our proposal is able to improve other existing solutions such as conventional traffic light management systems (static or dynamic) in terms of reduction of vehicle trip duration and reduction of the message exchange overhead in the sensor network.

Optimized Sensor Network and Multi-Agent Decision Support for Smart Traffic Light Management

PubMed Central

2018-01-01

One of the biggest challenges in modern societies is to solve vehicular traffic problems. Sensor networks in traffic environments have contributed to improving the decision-making process of Intelligent Transportation Systems. However, one of the limiting factors for the effectiveness of these systems is in the deployment of sensors to provide accurate information about the traffic. Our proposal is using the centrality measurement of a graph as a base to locate the best locations for sensor installation in a traffic network. After integrating these sensors in a simulation scenario, we define a Multi-Agent Systems composed of three types of agents: traffic light management agents, traffic jam detection agents, and agents that control the traffic lights at an intersection. The ultimate goal of these Multi-Agent Systems is to improve the trip duration for vehicles in the network. To validate our solution, we have developed the needed elements for modelling the sensors and agents in the simulation environment. We have carried out experiments using the Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) traffic simulator and the Travel and Activity PAtterns Simulation (TAPAS) Cologne traffic scenario. The obtained results show that our proposal allows to reduce the sensor network while still obtaining relevant information to have a global view of the environment. Finally, regarding the Multi-Agent Systems, we have carried out experiments that show that our proposal is able to improve other existing solutions such as conventional traffic light management systems (static or dynamic) in terms of reduction of vehicle trip duration and reduction of the message exchange overhead in the sensor network. PMID:29393884

Coastal urban lighting has ecological consequences for multiple trophic levels under the sea.

PubMed

Bolton, D; Mayer-Pinto, M; Clark, G F; Dafforn, K A; Brassil, W A; Becker, A; Johnston, E L

2017-01-15

Urban land and seascapes are increasingly exposed to artificial lighting at night (ALAN), which is a significant source of light pollution. A broad range of ecological effects are associated with ALAN, but the changes to ecological processes remain largely unstudied. Predation is a key ecological process that structures assemblages and responds to natural cycles of light and dark. We investigated the effect of ALAN on fish predatory behaviour, and sessile invertebrate prey assemblages. Over 21days fish and sessile assemblages were exposed to 3 light treatments (Day, Night and ALAN). An array of LED spotlights was installed under a wharf to create the ALAN treatments. We used GoPro cameras to film during the day and ALAN treatments, and a Dual frequency IDentification SONar (DIDSON) to film during the night treatments. Fish were most abundant during unlit nights, but were also relatively sedentary. Predatory behaviour was greatest during the day and under ALAN than at night, suggesting that fish are using structures for non-feeding purposes (e.g. shelter) at night, but artificial light dramatically increases their predatory behaviour. Altered predator behaviour corresponded with structural changes to sessile prey assemblages among the experimental lighting treatments. We demonstrate the direct effects of artificial lighting on fish behaviour and the concomitant indirect effects on sessile assemblage structure. Current and future projected use of artificial lights has the potential to significantly affect predator-prey interactions in marine systems by altering habitat use for both predators and prey. However, developments in lighting technology are a promising avenue for mitigation. This is among the first empirical evidence from the marine system on how ALAN can directly alter predation, a fundamental ecosystem process, and have indirect trophic consequences. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Foundation Heat Exchanger Final Report: Demonstration, Measured Performance, and Validated Model and Design Tool

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hughes, Patrick; Im, Piljae

2012-04-01

Geothermal heat pumps, sometimes called ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs), have been proven capable of significantly reducing energy use and peak demand in buildings. Conventional equipment for controlling the temperature and humidity of a building, or supplying hot water and fresh outdoor air, must exchange energy (or heat) with the building's outdoor environment. Equipment using the ground as a heat source and heat sink consumes less non-renewable energy (electricity and fossil fuels) because the earth is cooler than outdoor air in summer and warmer in winter. The most important barrier to rapid growth of the GSHP industry is high first costmore » of GSHP systems to consumers. The most common GSHP system utilizes a closed-loop ground heat exchanger. This type of GSHP system can be used almost anywhere. There is reason to believe that reducing the cost of closed-loop systems is the strategy that would achieve the greatest energy savings with GSHP technology. The cost premium of closed-loop GSHP systems over conventional space conditioning and water heating systems is primarily associated with drilling boreholes or excavating trenches, installing vertical or horizontal ground heat exchangers, and backfilling the excavations. This project investigates reducing the cost of horizontal closed-loop ground heat exchangers by installing them in the construction excavations, augmented when necessary with additional trenches. This approach applies only to new construction of residential and light commercial buildings or additions to such buildings. In the business-as-usual scenario, construction excavations are not used for the horizontal ground heat exchanger (HGHX); instead the HGHX is installed entirely in trenches dug specifically for that purpose. The potential cost savings comes from using the construction excavations for the installation of ground heat exchangers, thereby minimizing the need and expense of digging additional trenches. The term foundation heat exchanger (FHX) has been coined to refer exclusively to ground heat exchangers installed in the overcut around the basement walls. The primary technical challenge undertaken by this project was the development and validation of energy performance models and design tools for FHX. In terms of performance modeling and design, ground heat exchangers in other construction excavations (e.g., utility trenches) are no different from conventional HGHX, and models and design tools for HGHX already exist. This project successfully developed and validated energy performance models and design tools so that FHX or hybrid FHX/HGHX systems can be engineered with confidence, enabling this technology to be applied in residential and light commercial buildings. The validated energy performance model also addresses and solves another problem, the longstanding inadequacy in the way ground-building thermal interaction is represented in building energy models, whether or not there is a ground heat exchanger nearby. Two side-by-side, three-level, unoccupied research houses with walkout basements, identical 3,700 ft{sup 2} floor plans, and hybrid FHX/HGHX systems were constructed to provide validation data sets for the energy performance model and design tool. The envelopes of both houses are very energy efficient and airtight, and the HERS ratings of the homes are 44 and 45 respectively. Both houses are mechanically ventilated with energy recovery ventilators, with space conditioning provided by water-to-air heat pumps with 2 ton nominal capacities. Separate water-to-water heat pumps with 1.5 ton nominal capacities were used for water heating. In these unoccupied research houses, human impact on energy use (hot water draw, etc.) is simulated to match the national average. At House 1 the hybrid FHX/HGHX system was installed in 300 linear feet of excavation, and 60% of that was construction excavation (needed to construct the home). At House 2 the hybrid FHX/HGHX system was installed in 360 feet of excavation, 50% of which was construction excavation. There are six pipes in all excavations (three parallel circuits - out and back), and the multiple instances of FHX and/or HGHX are all connected in series. The working fluid is 20% by weight propylene glycol in water. Model and design tool development was undertaken in parallel with constructing the houses, installing instrumentation, and monitoring performance for a year. Several detailed numerical models for FHX were developed as part of the project. Essentially the project team was searching for an energy performance model accurate enough to achieve project objectives while also having sufficient computational efficiency for practical use in EnergyPlus. A 3-dimensional, dual-coordinate-system, finite-volume model satisfied these criteria and was included in the October 2011 EnergyPlus Version 7 public release after being validated against measured data.« less

Energy-reduction concept for incandescent lamps

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vorhaben, K. H.

1981-01-01

Reusable infrared reflector maintains filament temperature and reduces power requirements. Fixed installed over light bulb directs energy formerly lost back to lamp filament. This energy aids electric current in heating filament, allowing lower-wattage bulb to produce same amount of light as higher-wattage bulb in ordinary fixture.

High-resolution recording of particle tracks with in-line holography in a large cryogenic bubble chamber

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harigel, Gert G.

2000-10-01

Holography has been used successfully in combination with conventional optics for the first time in a large cryogenic bubble chamber, the 15-Foot Bubble Chamber at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), during a physics run in a high energy neutrino beam. The innovative system combined the reference beam with the object beam, irradiating a conical volume of approx1.5m3. Bubble tracks from neutrino interactions with a width of approx 120 micrometers have been recorded with good contrast. The ratio of intensities of the object light to the reference light striking the film is called the beam branching ratio (BBR). We obtained in our experiment an exceedingly small minimum- observable ration of BBR = (0.54 divided by 0.21) x 107. The technology has the potential for a wide range of applications. This paper describes the various difficulties in achieving the success. It required the development of laser pulse stretching via enhanced closed loop control with slow Q- switching, to overcome excessive heating of the cryogenic liquid by the powerful laser beam. A sophisticated system of light-absorbing baffles had to be installed to avoid stray light reaching the holographic film. Optical decoupling of classical and holographic illumination systems was required. Real and virtual image replay machines for holograms were built, tailored to our illumination technique.

High angle of attack position sensing for the Southampton University magnetic suspension and balance system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parker, David H.

1987-01-01

An all digital five channel position detection system is to be installed in the Southampton University Magnetic Suspension and Balance System (SUMSBS). The system is intended to monitor a much larger range of model pitch attitudes than has been possible hitherto, up to a maximum of a 90 degree angle of attack. It is based on the use of self-scanning photodiode arrays and illuminating laser light beams, together with purpose built processing electronics. The principles behind the design of the system are discussed, together with the results of testing one channel of the system which was used to control the axial position of a magnetically suspended model in SUMSBS. The removal of optically coupled heave position information from the axial position sensing channel is described.

Design of a magnetic shielding system for the time of flight enhanced diagnostics neutron spectrometer at Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cui, Z. Q.; Chen, Z. J.; Xie, X. F.

2014-11-15

The novel neutron spectrometer TOFED (Time of Flight Enhanced Diagnostics), comprising 90 individual photomultiplier tubes coupled with 85 plastic scintillation detectors through light guides, has been constructed and installed at Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. A dedicated magnetic shielding system has been constructed for TOFED, and is designed to guarantee the normal operation of photomultiplier tubes in the stray magnetic field leaking from the tokamak device. Experimental measurements and numerical simulations carried out employing the finite element method are combined to optimize the design of the magnetic shielding system. The system allows detectors to work properly in an external magnetic fieldmore » of 200 G.« less