Concept Engineering: An Investigation Of TIME versus Market Orientation in Product Concept Development

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-06-01

Designers and Champions of Innovation. Journal of Product Innovation Management . Vol. 8,91-103 Barabba, V. P., & Zaltman, G. (1991). Hearing the Voice of...Kleinschmidt, E. K. (1986). An Investigation into the New Product Process: Steps, Deficiencies, and Impact. Journal of Product Innovation Management . Vol...Product and Process Development. Journal of Product Innovation Management . Vol. 4,81-88 Goodman, M. (1974). Study Notes in System Dynamics. Cambridge, MA

The use of NUREGs 1199 and 1200 in the Illinois LLW licensing program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Klinger, J.G.; Harmon, D.F.

1991-12-31

This paper will describe how the LLW licensing staff of the Illinois Department of Nuclear Safety used NRC`s NUREG 1199, NUREG 1200, NUREG 1300 and Regulatory Guide 4.18 in its licensing program for reviewing and evaluating a LLW disposal facility license application. The paper will discuss how Illinois guidance documents were prepared based on modifications made to these NRC documents which were necessary to take into account site and facility specific considerations, as well as changes required by Illinois statutes and regulatory codes. The paper will review the recent revisions (January 1991) to NUREG 1199 and 1200 and the importancemore » of these revisions. The paper will also discuss recommended modifications to these NRC documents and provide an update on the status of the Department`s review and evaluation of an application for a license to site, construct and operate a LLW disposal facility in Illinois.« less

The Yami`s opposition to the Lanyu LLW storage installation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, K.K.; Chang, S.Y.

1993-12-31

Since 1982, the solidified low-level radioactive wastes (LLW) in Taiwan, regardless of the origins, have been sent to Lanyu for interim storage. Lanyu is a small island located 80 kilometers southeast of Taiwan. Its unique Polynesian cultural characteristics make it an attractive tourist spot. Dissatisfaction of being the commonly neglected powerless minority, in addition to the political claims from the outside environmental activists made the majority of the Lanyu residents oppose the operation of the storage facility. Approximately 80,000 drums of these wastes have been sent to Lanyu. Although the radiological monitoring results demonstrated that the current operation causes negligiblemore » impact on the environment. Accounting for the fast changing social and political situations in Taiwan today, without a good public acceptance program for both sides, the continuous operation of the Lanyu LLW storage facility until the year 2002, at which time the LLW disposal facility will be commissioned, could be in limbo.« less

Low-level radioactive waste management: transitioning to off-site disposal at Los Alamos National Laboratory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dorries, Alison M

2010-11-09

Facing the closure of nearly all on-site management and disposal capability for low-level radioactive waste (LLW), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is making ready to ship the majority of LLW off-site. In order to ship off-site, waste must meet the Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility's (TSDF) Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC). In preparation, LANL's waste management organization must ensure LANL waste generators characterize and package waste compliantly and waste characterization documentation is complete and accurate. Key challenges that must be addressed to successfully make the shift to off-site disposal of LLW include improving the detail, accuracy, and quality of process knowledgemore » (PK) and acceptable knowledge (AK) documentation, training waste generators and waste management staff on the higher standard of data quality and expectations, improved WAC compliance for off-site facilities, and enhanced quality assurance throughout the process. Certification of LANL generators will allow direct off-site shipping of LLW from their facilities.« less

T cell receptor alpha variable 12-2 bias in the immunodominant response to Yellow fever virus.

PubMed

Bovay, Amandine; Zoete, Vincent; Dolton, Garry; Bulek, Anna M; Cole, David K; Rizkallah, Pierre J; Fuller, Anna; Beck, Konrad; Michielin, Olivier; Speiser, Daniel E; Sewell, Andrew K; Fuertes Marraco, Silvia A

2018-02-01

The repertoire of human αβ T-cell receptors (TCRs) is generated via somatic recombination of germline gene segments. Despite this enormous variation, certain epitopes can be immunodominant, associated with high frequencies of antigen-specific T cells and/or exhibit bias toward a TCR gene segment. Here, we studied the TCR repertoire of the HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope LLWNGPMAV (hereafter, A2/LLW) from Yellow Fever virus, which generates an immunodominant CD8 + T cell response to the highly effective YF-17D vaccine. We discover that these A2/LLW-specific CD8 + T cells are highly biased for the TCR α chain TRAV12-2. This bias is already present in A2/LLW-specific naïve T cells before vaccination with YF-17D. Using CD8 + T cell clones, we show that TRAV12-2 does not confer a functional advantage on a per cell basis. Molecular modeling indicated that the germline-encoded complementarity determining region (CDR) 1α loop of TRAV12-2 critically contributes to A2/LLW binding, in contrast to the conventional dominant dependence on somatically rearranged CDR3 loops. This germline component of antigen recognition may explain the unusually high precursor frequency, prevalence and immunodominance of T-cell responses specific for the A2/LLW epitope. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Nevada Test Site Waste Acceptance Criteria (NTSWAC)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NNSA /NSO Waste Management Project

This document establishes the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office, Nevada Test Site Waste Acceptance Criteria (NTSWAC). The NTSWAC provides the requirements, terms, and conditions under which the Nevada Test Site will accept low-level radioactive (LLW) and LLW Mixed Waste (MW) for disposal.

Remedial Investigation Badger Army Ammunition Plant, Baraboo, Wisconsin. Volume 2. Appendices D.2 Through F

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

FILES FOR COMPOUNDS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN Vol. 7 APPENDIX 0 - HUMAN HEALTH RISK CALCULATIONS Vol. 7 APPENDIX P - INVENTORY OF SITE SPECIES Vol. 7...Driing Mud 0" 0 3 am 01 99 5 .Annula space seal:- GnmuldBsuryoni 0 33 Lbs/gal mud weight ... Benuar-siid shiny 3 33 16. Driling addives used 13 yesLbs...CONSTRUCTION REPORT / 5 WISCONSIN STATE BOARD OF HEALTH WELL DRILLING DIVISION JUL 11 |W Note: Section 32 of the Wisconsin Well Drilling Sanitary Code

Taiwan industrial cooperation program technology transfer for low-level radioactive waste final disposal - phase I.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Knowlton, Robert G.; Cochran, John Russell; Arnold, Bill Walter

2007-01-01

Sandia National Laboratories and the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taiwan have collaborated in a technology transfer program related to low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal in Taiwan. Phase I of this program included regulatory analysis of LLW final disposal, development of LLW disposal performance assessment capabilities, and preliminary performance assessments of two potential disposal sites. Performance objectives were based on regulations in Taiwan and comparisons to those in the United States. Probabilistic performance assessment models were constructed based on limited site data using software including GoldSim, BLT-MS, FEHM, and HELP. These software codes provided the probabilistic framework, container degradation, waste-formmore » leaching, groundwater flow, radionuclide transport, and cover infiltration simulation capabilities in the performance assessment. Preliminary performance assessment analyses were conducted for a near-surface disposal system and a mined cavern disposal system at two representative sites in Taiwan. Results of example calculations indicate peak simulated concentrations to a receptor within a few hundred years of LLW disposal, primarily from highly soluble, non-sorbing radionuclides.« less

Using Geographic Information Systems to Determine Site Suitability for a Low-Level Radioactive Waste Storage Facility.

PubMed

Wilson, Charles A; Matthews, Kennith; Pulsipher, Allan; Wang, Wei-Hsung

2016-02-01

Radioactive waste is an inevitable product of using radioactive material in education and research activities, medical applications, energy generation, and weapons production. Low-level radioactive waste (LLW) makes up a majority of the radioactive waste produced in the United States. In 2010, over two million cubic feet of LLW were shipped to disposal sites. Despite efforts from several states and compacts as well as from private industry, the options for proper disposal of LLW remain limited. New methods for quickly identifying potential storage locations could alleviate current challenges and eventually provide additional sites and allow for adequate regional disposal of LLW. Furthermore, these methods need to be designed so that they are easily communicated to the public. A Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based method was developed to determine suitability of potential LLW disposal (or storage) sites. Criteria and other parameters of suitability were based on the Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) requirements as well as supporting literature and reports. The resultant method was used to assess areas suitable for further evaluation as prospective disposal sites in Louisiana. Criteria were derived from the 10 minimum requirements in 10 CFR Part 61.50, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Regulatory Guide 0902, and studies at existing disposal sites. A suitability formula was developed permitting the use of weighting factors and normalization of all criteria. Data were compiled into GIS data sets and analyzed on a cell grid of approximately 14,000 cells (covering 181,300 square kilometers) using the suitability formula. Requirements were analyzed for each cell using multiple criteria/sub-criteria as well as surrogates for unavailable datasets. Additional criteria were also added when appropriate. The method designed in this project proved to be sufficient for initial screening tests in determining the most suitable areas for prospective disposal (or storage) sites. Cells above 90%, 95%, and 99% suitability include respectively 404, 88, and 4 cells suitable for further analysis. With these areas identified, the next step in siting a LLW storage facility would be on-site analysis using additional requirements as specified by relevant regulatory guidelines. The GIS based method provides an easy, economic, efficient and effective means in evaluating potential sites for LLW storage facilities where sufficient GIS data exist.

Preliminary low-level waste feed definition guidance - LLW pretreatment interface

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shade, J.W.; Connor, J.M.; Hendrickson, D.W.

1995-02-01

The document describes limits for key constituents in the LLW feed, and the bases for these limits. The potential variability in the stream is then estimated and compared to the limits. Approaches for accomodating uncertainty in feed inventory, processing strategies, and process design (melter and disposal system) are discussed. Finally, regulatory constraints are briefly addressed.

On a question of Brown, Douglas, and Fillmore

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Jaewoong; Lee, Woo Young

2007-12-01

In this note we answer an old question of Brown, Douglas, and Fillmore [L. Brown, R.G. Douglas, P. Fillmore, Unitary equivalence modulo the compact operators and extensions of C*-algebras, in: Proc. Conf. Operator Theory, in: Lecture Notes in Math., vol. 345, Springer, Berlin, 1973, pp. 58-128].

Radioactive waste management complex low-level waste radiological composite analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McCarthy, J.M.; Becker, B.H.; Magnuson, S.O.

1998-05-01

The composite analysis estimates the projected cumulative impacts to future members of the public from the disposal of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) and all other sources of radioactive contamination at the INEEL that could interact with the LLW disposal facility to affect the radiological dose. Based upon the composite analysis evaluation, waste buried in the Subsurface Disposal Area (SDA) at the RWMC is the only source at the INEEL that will significantly interact with the LLW facility. The source term used in the composite analysis consistsmore » of all historical SDA subsurface disposals of radionuclides as well as the authorized LLW subsurface disposal inventory and projected LLW subsurface disposal inventory. Exposure scenarios evaluated in the composite analysis include all the all-pathways and groundwater protection scenarios. The projected dose of 58 mrem/yr exceeds the composite analysis guidance dose constraint of 30 mrem/yr; therefore, an options analysis was conducted to determine the feasibility of reducing the projected annual dose. Three options for creating such a reduction were considered: (1) lowering infiltration of precipitation through the waste by providing a better cover, (2) maintaining control over the RWMC and portions of the INEEL indefinitely, and (3) extending the period of institutional control beyond the 100 years assumed in the composite analysis. Of the three options investigated, maintaining control over the RWMC and a small part of the present INEEL appears to be feasible and cost effective.« less

Influences of specific ions in groundwater on concrete degradation in subsurface engineered barrier system.

PubMed

Lin, Wen-Sheng; Liu, Chen-Wuing; Li, Ming-Hsu

2016-01-01

Many disposal concepts currently show that concrete is an effective confinement material used in engineered barrier systems (EBS) at a number of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal sites. Cement-based materials have properties for the encapsulation, isolation, or retardation of a variety of hazardous contaminants. The reactive chemical transport model of HYDROGEOCHEM 5.0 was applied to simulate the effect of hydrogeochemical processes on concrete barrier degradation in an EBS which has been proposed to use in the LLW disposal site in Taiwan. The simulated results indicated that the main processes that are responsible for concrete degradation are the species induced from hydrogen ion, sulfate, and chloride. The EBS with the side ditch drainage system effectively discharges the infiltrated water and lowers the solute concentrations that may induce concrete degradation. The redox processes markedly influence the formations of the degradation materials. The reductive environment in the EBS reduces the formation of ettringite in concrete degradation processes. Moreover, the chemical conditions in the concrete barriers maintain an alkaline condition after 300 years in the proposed LLW repository. This study provides a detailed picture of the long-term evolution of the hydrogeochemical environment in the proposed LLW disposal site in Taiwan.

Low level waste management: a compilation of models and monitoring techniques. Volume 1

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mosier, J.E.; Fowler, J.R.; Barton, C.J.

1980-04-01

In support of the National Low-Level Waste (LLW) Management Research and Development Program being carried out at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Science Applications, Inc., conducted a survey of models and monitoring techniques associated with the transport of radionuclides and other chemical species from LLW burial sites. As a result of this survey, approximately 350 models were identified. For each model the purpose and a brief description are presented. To the extent possible, a point of contact and reference material are identified. The models are organized into six technical categories: atmospheric transport, dosimetry, food chain, groundwater transport, soil transport, and surfacemore » water transport. About 4% of the models identified covered other aspects of LLW management and are placed in a miscellaneous category. A preliminary assessment of all these models was performed to determine their ability to analyze the transport of other chemical species. The models that appeared to be applicable are identified. A brief survey of the state-of-the-art techniques employed to monitor LLW burial sites is also presented, along with a very brief discussion of up-to-date burial techniques.« less

Source inventory for Department of Energy solid low-level radioactive waste disposal facilities: What it means and how to get one of your own

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Smith, M.A.

1991-12-31

In conducting a performance assessment for a low-level waste (LLW) disposal facility, one of the important considerations for determining the source term, which is defined as the amount of radioactivity being released from the facility, is the quantity of radioactive material present. This quantity, which will be referred to as the source inventory, is generally estimated through a review of historical records and waste tracking systems at the LLW facility. In theory, estimating the total source inventory for Department of Energy (DOE) LLW disposal facilities should be possible by reviewing the national data base maintained for LLW operations, the Solidmore » Waste Information Management System (SWIMS), or through the annual report that summarizes the SWIMS data, the Integrated Data Base (IDB) report. However, in practice, there are some difficulties in making this estimate. This is not unexpected, since the SWIMS and the IDB were not developed with the goal of developing a performance assessment source term in mind. The practical shortcomings using the existing data to develop a source term for DOE facilities will be discussed in this paper.« less

Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stevens, Peter R.; Nicholson, Thomas J.

1996-01-01

This report contains papers presented at the "Joint U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Technical Workshop on Research Related to Low-Level Radioactive Waste (LLW) Disposal" that was held at the USGS National Center Auditorium, Reston, Virginia, May 4-6, 1993. The objective of the workshop was to provide a forum for exchange of information, ideas, and technology in the geosciences dealing with LLW disposal. This workshop was the first joint activity under the Memorandum of Understanding between the USGS and NRC's Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research signed in April 1992.Participants included invited speakers from the USGS, NRC technical contractors (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Laboratories and universities) and NRC staff for presentation of research study results related to LLW disposal. Also in attendance were scientists from the DOE, DOE National Laboratories, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, State developmental and regulatory agencies involved in LLW disposal facility siting and licensing, Atomic Energy Canada Limited (AECL), private industry, Agricultural Research Service, universities, USGS and NRC.

Clean option: An alternative strategy for Hanford Tank Waste Remediation. Volume 2, Detailed description of first example flowsheet

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Swanson, J.L.

1993-09-01

Disposal of high-level tank wastes at the Hanford Site is currently envisioned to divide the waste between two principal waste forms: glass for the high-level waste (HLW) and grout for the low-level waste (LLW). The draft flow diagram shown in Figure 1.1 was developed as part of the current planning process for the Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS), which is evaluating options for tank cleanup. The TWRS has been established by the US Department of Energy (DOE) to safely manage the Hanford tank wastes. It includes tank safety and waste disposal issues, as well as the waste pretreatment and wastemore » minimization issues that are involved in the ``clean option`` discussed in this report. This report describes the results of a study led by Pacific Northwest Laboratory to determine if a more aggressive separations scheme could be devised which could mitigate concerns over the quantity of the HLW and the toxicity of the LLW produced by the reference system. This aggressive scheme, which would meet NRC Class A restrictions (10 CFR 61), would fit within the overall concept depicted in Figure 1.1; it would perform additional and/or modified operations in the areas identified as interim storage, pretreatment, and LLW concentration. Additional benefits of this scheme might result from using HLW and LLW disposal forms other than glass and grout, but such departures from the reference case are not included at this time. The evaluation of this aggressive separations scheme addressed institutional issues such as: radioactivity remaining in the Hanford Site LLW grout, volume of HLW glass that must be shipped offsite, and disposition of appropriate waste constituents to nonwaste forms.« less

2nd Quarter Transportation Report FY 2014

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gregory, L.

2014-07-01

This report satisfies the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) commitment to prepare a quarterly summary report of radioactive waste shipments to the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) at Area 5. There were no shipments sent for offsite treatment and returned to the NNSS this quarter. This report summarizes the second quarter of fiscal year (FY) 2014 low-level radioactive waste (LLW) and mixed low-level radioactive waste (MLLW) shipments. This report also includes annual summaries for FY 2014 in Tables 4 and 5. Tabular summaries are provided which includemore » the following: Sources of and carriers for LLW and MLLW shipments to and from the NNSS; Number and external volume of LLW and MLLW shipments; Highway routes used by carriers; and Incident/accident data applicable to LLW and MLLW shipments. In this report shipments are accounted for upon arrival at the NNSS, while disposal volumes are accounted for upon waste burial. The disposal volumes presented in this report do not include minor volumes of non-radioactive materials that were approved for disposal. Volume reports showing cubic feet (ft3) generated using the Low-Level Waste Information System may vary slightly due to differing rounding conventions.« less

A Salzburg Global Seminar: "Optimizing Talent: Closing Education and Social Mobility Gaps Worldwide." Policy Notes. Volume 20, Number 3, Fall 2012

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwartz, Robert

2012-01-01

This issue of ETS Policy Notes (Vol. 20, No. 3) provides highlights from the Salzburg Global Seminar in December 2011. The seminar focused on bettering the educational and life prospects of students up to age 18 worldwide. [This article was written with the assistance of Beth Brody.

"Effect of Anxiety Reduction on Children's School Performance and Social Adjustment": Correction to Wood (2006)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wood, Jeffrey J.

2007-01-01

Reports an error in "Effect of anxiety reduction on children's school performance and social adjustment" by Jeffrey Wood (Developmental Psychology, 2006[Mar], Vol 42[2], 345-349). The byline and author note should have included the author's middle initial, J. Thus, the byline and author note should refer to "Jeffrey J. Wood." The correction is…

Taking Action: Navigating the Common Core State Standards and Assessments. Policy Notes. Volume 21, Number 2, Fall 2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yaffe, Deborah

2013-01-01

This issue of ETS Policy Notes (Vol 21, No. 2) highlights the discussion from "Taking Action: Navigating the Common Core State Standards and Assessments," a conference co-convened by ETS and the National Urban League (NUL) in February 2013. Part of the Saturdays at ETS series, the conference brought together researchers, funders,…

SITE GENERATED RADIOLOGICAL WASTE HANDLING SYSTEM DESCRIPTION DOCUMENT

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

S. C. Khamankar

2000-06-20

The Site Generated Radiological Waste Handling System handles radioactive waste products that are generated at the geologic repository operations area. The waste is collected, treated if required, packaged for shipment, and shipped to a disposal site. Waste streams include low-level waste (LLW) in solid and liquid forms, as-well-as mixed waste that contains hazardous and radioactive constituents. Liquid LLW is segregated into two streams, non-recyclable and recyclable. The non-recyclable stream may contain detergents or other non-hazardous cleaning agents and is packaged for shipment. The recyclable stream is treated to recycle a large portion of the water while the remaining concentrated wastemore » is packaged for shipment; this greatly reduces the volume of waste requiring disposal. There will be no liquid LLW discharge. Solid LLW consists of wet solids such as ion exchange resins and filter cartridges, as-well-as dry active waste such as tools, protective clothing, and poly bags. Solids will be sorted, volume reduced, and packaged for shipment. The generation of mixed waste at the Monitored Geologic Repository (MGR) is not planned; however, if it does come into existence, it will be collected and packaged for disposal at its point of occurrence, temporarily staged, then shipped to government-approved off-site facilities for disposal. The Site Generated Radiological Waste Handling System has equipment located in both the Waste Treatment Building (WTB) and in the Waste Handling Building (WHB). All types of liquid and solid LLW are processed in the WTB, while wet solid waste from the Pool Water Treatment and Cooling System is packaged where received in the WHB. There is no installed hardware for mixed waste. The Site Generated Radiological Waste Handling System receives waste from locations where water is used for decontamination functions. In most cases the water is piped back to the WTB for processing. The WTB and WHB provide staging areas for storing and shipping LLW packages as well as any mixed waste packages. The buildings house the system and provide shielding and support for the components. The system is ventilated by and connects to the ventilation systems in the buildings to prevent buildup and confine airborne radioactivity via the high efficiency particulate air filters. The Monitored Geologic Repository Operations Monitoring and Control System will provide monitoring and supervisory control facilities for the system.« less

Rooting depths of plants on low-level waste disposal sites

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Foxx, T.S.; Tierney, G.D.; Williams, J.M.

1984-11-01

In 1981-1982 an extensive bibliographic study was done to reference rooting depths of native plants in the United States. The data base presently contains 1034 different rooting citations with approximately 12,000 data elements. For this report, data were analyzed for rooting depths related to species found on low-level waste (LLW) sites at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Average rooting depth and rooting frequencies were determined and related to present LLW maintenance. The data base was searched for information on rooting depths of 53 species found on LLW sites at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The study indicates 12 out of 13 grassesmore » found on LLW sites root below 91 cm. June grass (Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers.) (76 cm) was the shallowest rooting grass and side-oats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.) was the deepest rooting grass (396 cm). Forbs were more variable in rooting depths. Indian paintbrush (Castelleja spp.) (30 cm) was the shallowest rooting forb and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was the deepest (>3900 cm). Trees and shrubs commonly rooted below 457 cm. The shallowest rooting tree was elm (Ulmus pumila L.) (127 cm) and the deepest was one-seed juniper (Juniperus monosperma (Engelm) Sarg.) (>6000 cm). Apache plume (Fallugia paradoxa (D. Don) Endl.) rooted to 140 cm, whereas fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canecens (Pursh) Nutt.) rooted to 762 cm.« less

1st Quarter Transportation Report FY 2015: Radioactive Waste Shipments to and from the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gregory, Louis

2015-02-20

This report satisfies the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) commitment to prepare a quarterly summary report of radioactive waste shipments to and from the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) at Area 5. There were no shipments sent for offsite treatment and returned to the NNSS this quarter. This report summarizes the 1st quarter of Fiscal Year (FY) 2015 low-level radioactive waste (LLW) and mixed low-level radioactive waste (MLLW) shipments. Tabular summaries are provided which include the following: Sources of and carriers for LLW and MLLW shipments tomore » and from the NNSS; Number and external volume of LLW and MLLW shipments; Highway routes used by carriers; and Incident/accident data applicable to LLW and MLLW shipments. In this report shipments are accounted for upon arrival at the NNSS, while disposal volumes are accounted for upon waste burial. The disposal volumes presented in this report include minor volumes of non-radioactive classified waste/material that were approved for disposal (non-radioactive classified or nonradioactive classified hazardous). Volume reports showing cubic feet generated using the Low-Level Waste Information System may vary slightly due to rounding conventions for volumetric conversions from cubic meters to cubic feet.« less

3rd Quarter Transportation Report FY 2014: Radioactive Waste Shipments to and from the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gregory, Louis

2014-09-20

This report satisfies the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) commitment to prepare a quarterly summary report of radioactive waste shipments to the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) at Area 5. There were no shipments sent for offsite treatment and returned to the NNSS this quarter. This report summarizes the 3rd quarter of Fiscal Year (FY) 2014 low-level radioactive waste (LLW) and mixed low-level radioactive waste (MLLW) shipments. This report also includes annual summaries for FY 2014 in Tables 4 and 5. Tabular summaries are provided which includemore » the following: Sources of and carriers for LLW and MLLW shipments to and from the NNSS; Number and external volume of LLW and MLLW shipments; Highway routes used by carriers; and Incident/accident data applicable to LLW and MLLW shipments. In this report shipments are accounted for upon arrival at the NNSS, while disposal volumes are accounted for upon waste burial. The disposal volumes presented in this report do not include minor volumes of non-radioactive materials that were approved for disposal. Volume reports showing cubic feet generated using the Low-Level Waste Information System may vary slightly due to differing rounding conventions.« less

Comparison Between Predictions and Measurements of Performance Characteristics for an Eight Pocket Hybrid (Combination Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic) Thrust Bearing

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-03

STB stainless steel housing. Drive End Thrust Collar Free End Splash Guard Slave Thrust Bearing Face STB Flange Figure 12: Exploded view of slave...Bulk Flow Analysis of Hybrid Thrust Bearing for Process Fluid Applications.” ASME Trans., Journal of Tribology , January, Vol. 122 (1), pp. 170-180...ASME Journal of Tribology , Vol. 123, pp. 768-776 [5] San Andrés, L., (2006), “MEEN 626 Notes 2 Derivation of the Classical Reynolds Equation for

Middle School Matters: Improving the Life Course of Black Boys. Policy Notes. Volume 20, Number 4, Winter 2012

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yaffe, Deborah

2012-01-01

This issue of ETS Policy Notes (Vol. 20, No. 4) provides highlights from the symposium, "Middle School Matters: Improving the Life Course of Black Boys" held on July 23-24, 2012. The second in a series of four symposia co-sponsored by ETS and the Children's Defense Fund (CDF), the seminar examined the education and status of…

Hydrologic evaluation methodology for estimating water movement through the unsaturated zone at commercial low-level radioactive waste disposal site

USGS Publications Warehouse

Meyer, P.D.; Rockhold, M.L.; Nichols, W.E.; Gee, G.W.

1996-01-01

This report identifies key technical issues related to hydrologic assessment of water flow in the unsaturated zone at low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facilities. In addition, a methodology for incorporating these issues in the performance assessment of proposed LLW disposal facilities is identified and evaluated. The issues discussed fall into four areas:Estimating the water balance at a site (i.e., infiltration, runoff, water storage, evapotranspiration, and recharge);Analyzing the hydrologic performance of engineered components of a facility;Evaluating the application of models to the prediction of facility performance; andEstimating the uncertainty in predicted facility performance.An estimate of recharge at a LLW site is important since recharge is a principal factor in controlling the release of contaminants via the groundwater pathway. The most common methods for estimating recharge are discussed in Chapter 2. Many factors affect recharge; the natural recharge at an undisturbed site is not necessarily representative either of the recharge that will occur after the site has been disturbed or of the flow of water into a disposal facility at the site. Factors affecting recharge are discussed in Chapter 2.At many sites engineered components are required for a LLW facility to meet performance requirements. Chapter 3 discusses the use of engineered barriers to control the flow of water in a LLW facility, with a particular emphasis on cover systems. Design options and the potential performance and degradation mechanisms of engineered components are also discussed.Water flow in a LLW disposal facility must be evaluated before construction of the facility. In addition, hydrologic performance must be predicted over a very long time frame. For these reasons, the hydrologic evaluation relies on the use of predictive modeling. In Chapter 4, the evaluation of unsaturated water flow modeling is discussed. A checklist of items is presented to guide the evaluation. Several computer simulation codes that were used in the examples (Chapter 6) are discussed with respect to this checklist. The codes used include HELP, UNSAT-H, and VAM3DCG.To provide a defensible estimate of water flow in a LLW disposal facility, the uncertainty associated with model predictions must be considered. Uncertainty arises because of the highly heterogeneous nature of most subsurface environments and the long time frame required in the analysis. Sources of uncertainty in hydrologic evaluation of the unsaturated zone and several approaches for analysis are discussed in Chapter 5. The methods of analysis discussed include a bounding approach, sensitivity analysis, and Monte Carlo simulation.To illustrate the application of the discussion in Chapters 2 through 5, two examples are presented in Chapter 6. The first example is of a below ground vault located in a humid environment. The second example looks at a shallow land burial facility located in an arid environment. The examples utilize actual site-specific data and realistic facility designs. The two examples illustrate the issues unique to humid and arid sites as well as the issues common to all LLW sites. Strategies for addressing the analytical difficulties arising in any complex hydrologic evaluation of the unsaturated zone are demonstrated.The report concludes with some final observations and recommendations.

NRC`s proposed rulemaking on the documentation and reporting of low-level radioactive waste shipment manifest information

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lahs, W.R.; Haisfield, M.F.

1991-12-31

Since the 1982 promulgation of regulations for the land disposal of low-level radioactive waste (LLW), requirements have been in place to control transfers of LLW intended for disposal at licensed land disposal facilities. These requirements established a manifest tracking system and defined processes to control transfers of LLW intended for disposal at a land disposal facility. Because the regulations did not specify the format for the LLW shipment manifests, it was not unexpected that the two operators of the three currently operating disposal sites should each have developed their own manifest forms. The forms have many similarities and the collectedmore » information, in many cases, is identical; however, these manifests incorporate unique operator preferences and also reflect the needs of the Agreement State regulatory authority in the States where the disposal sites are located. Since Agreement State regulations must be compatible with, but need not always be identical to, those of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), the possibility of a proliferation of different manifest forms containing variations in collected information could be envisioned. If these manifests were also to serve a shipping paper purpose, effective integration of the Department of Transportations` (DOT) requirements would also have to be addressed. This wide diversity in uses of manifest information by Federal and State regulatory authorities, other State or Compact entities, and disposal site operators, suggested a single consolidated approach to develop a uniform manifest format with a baseline information content and to define recordkeeping requirements. The NRC, in 1989, had embarked on a rulemaking activity to establish a base set of manifest information needs for regulatory purposes. In response to requests from State and Regional Compact organizations who are attempting to design, develop and operate LLW disposal facilities, and with the general support of Agreement State regulatory authorities, this original data base rulemaking was expanded to include development of a uniform low-level radioactive waste manifest.« less

Environmental assessment for the construction, operation, and decommissioning of the Waste Segregation Facility at the Savannah River Site

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1998-01-01

This Environmental Assessment (EA) has been prepared by the Department of Energy (DOE) to assess the potential environmental impacts associated with the construction, operation and decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) of the Waste Segregation Facility (WSF) for the sorting, shredding, and compaction of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) at the Savannah River Site (SRS) located near Aiken, South Carolina. The LLW to be processed consists of two waste streams: legacy waste which is currently stored in E-Area Vaults of SRS and new waste generated from continuing operations. The proposed action is to construct, operate, and D&D a facility to process low-activity job-controlmore » and equipment waste for volume reduction. The LLW would be processed to make more efficient use of low-level waste disposal capacity (E-Area Vaults) or to meet the waste acceptance criteria for treatment at the Consolidated Incineration Facility (CIF) at SRS.« less

Addressing Achievement Gaps: Advancing Success for Black Men in College. Policy Notes. Volume 22, Number 1, Spring 2015

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yaffe, Deborah

2015-01-01

This issue of ETS Policy Notes (Vol. 22, No. 1) provides highlights from a recent symposium sponsored by ETS and the Children Defense Fund (CDF), "Advancing Success for Black Men in College," held on June 23, 2014, in Washington, DC. The symposium is part of a two-conference series: It was the 18th of ETS's "Addressing Achievement…

Multibeam Observations of Mine Burial Near Clearwater, FL, Including Comparisons to Predictions of Wave-Induced Burial

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING. VOL. 32. NO. 1. JANUARY 2007 103 Multibeam Observations of Mine Burial Near Clearwater, FL, Including...DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited 20090522023 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES IEEE Journal of Oceanic ...Z39.18 104 IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING. VOL. 32, NO. 1. JANUARY 2007 depth (m) 28°00’ N 27°58’ N 83°04’ W 83°02’ W 83°00’ W Fig. 1. Location

Addressing Achievement Gaps: Black Male Teens--Moving to Success in the High School Years. Policy Notes. Volume 21, Number 3, Winter 2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yaffe, Deborah

2013-01-01

This issue of ETS Policy Notes (Vol. 21, No. 3) provides highlights from the symposium, "Black Male Teens: Moving to Success in the High School Years" held on June 24, 2013, in Washington, DC. The third in a series of four symposia cosponsored by ETS and the Children's Defense Fund (CDF), the seminar examined the education and status of…

Facility design, construction, and operation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

France has been disposing of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) at the Centre de Stockage de la Manche (CSM) since 1969 and now at the Centre de Stockage de l`Aube (CSA) since 1992. In France, several agencies and companies are involved in the development and implementation of LLW technology. The Commissariat a l`Energie Atomic (CEA), is responsible for research and development of new technologies. The Agence National pour la Gestion des Dechets Radioactifs is the agency responsible for the construction and operation of disposal facilities and for wastes acceptance for these facilities. Compagnie Generale des Matieres Nucleaires provides fuel services, includingmore » uranium enrichment, fuel fabrication, and fuel reprocessing, and is thus one generator of LLW. Societe pour les Techniques Nouvelles is an engineering company responsible for commercializing CEA waste management technology and for engineering and design support for the facilities. Numatec, Inc. is a US company representing these French companies and agencies in the US. In Task 1.1 of Numatec`s contract with Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Numatec provides details on the design, construction and operation of the LLW disposal facilities at CSM and CSA. Lessons learned from operation of CSM and incorporated into the design, construction and operating procedures at CSA are identified and discussed. The process used by the French for identification, selection, and evaluation of disposal technologies is provided. Specifically, the decisionmaking process resulting in the change in disposal facility design for the CSA versus the CSM is discussed. This report provides` all of the basic information in these areas and reflects actual experience to date.« less

IEEE transactions on vehicular technology, Vol. Vt-19, No. 1

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1970-02-01

This special issue deals not only with integrated electronic systems but with the technology that is required to achieve successful operation. To place some of the 1969 dimensions of the highway system in the United States in proper focus, we note th...

Coupled Environmental Processes in the Mojave Desert and Implications for ET Covers as Stable Landforms

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

D. Shafer; M. Y oung; S. Zitzer

2006-01-18

Monolayer evapotranspiration (ET) covers are the baseline method for closure of disposal sites for low-level radioactive waste (LLW), mixed LLW, and transuranic (TRU) waste at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). The regulatory timeline is typically 1,000 years for LLW and 10,000 years for TRU waste. Covers for such waste have different technical considerations than those with shorter timelines because they are subject to environmental change for longer periods of time, and because the environmental processes are often coupled. To evaluate these changes, four analog sites (approximately 30, 1,000 to 2,000, 7,000 to 12,500, and 125,000 years in age) on themore » NTS were analyzed to address the early post-institutional control period (the youngest site), the 1,000-year compliance period for disposal of LLW, and the 10,000-year period for TRU waste. Tests included soil texture, structure, and morphology; surface soil infiltration and hydraulic conductivity; vegetation and faunal surveys; and literature reviews. Separate measurements were made in plant undercanopy and intercanopy areas. The results showed a progressive increase in silt and clay content of surface soils with age. Changes in soil texture and structure led to a fivefold decline in saturated hydraulic conductivity in intercanopy areas, but no change in undercanopies, which were subject to bioturbation. These changes may have been responsible for the reduction in total plant cover, most dramatically in intercanopy areas, primarily because more precipitation either runs off the site or is held nearer to the surface where plant roots are less common. The results suggest that covers may evolve over longer timeframes to stable landforms that minimize the need for active maintenance.« less

Motor carrier case study evaluation report : appendix C, Vol. 2 : case study field notes, the Crescent Evaluation

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-02-01

The Crescent Project element of the HELP Program is a bi-national multi-jurisdictional : cooperative research and demonstration initiative involving the public and private sectors in an : application of advanced technologies for the creation of an in...

Nebraska files suit to block disposal site

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

Just when the Central Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste Compact thought things might be starting to go its way, the state of Nebraska, following instructions from Gov. Ben Nelson, has filed a new lawsuit to block development of an LLW disposal site within its borders. The suit maintains that the recently reconfigured proposed site (in which an area of wetlands was excluded) has not received [open quotes]community consent,[close quotes] as required by state law; says that site developer, US Ecology, has not obtained county consent; and asks that the court permanently prevent development of any LLW site in Nebraska until communitymore » consent is demonstrated.« less

Selected radionuclides important to low-level radioactive waste management

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-11-01

The purpose of this document is to provide information to state representatives and developers of low level radioactive waste (LLW) management facilities about the radiological, chemical, and physical characteristics of selected radionuclides and their behavior in the environment. Extensive surveys of available literature provided information for this report. Certain radionuclides may contribute significantly to the dose estimated during a radiological performance assessment analysis of an LLW disposal facility. Among these are the radionuclides listed in Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations Part 61.55, Tables 1 and 2 (including alpha emitting transuranics with half-lives greater than 5 years). Thismore » report discusses these radionuclides and other radionuclides that may be significant during a radiological performance assessment analysis of an LLW disposal facility. This report not only includes essential information on each radionuclide, but also incorporates waste and disposal information on the radionuclide, and behavior of the radionuclide in the environment and in the human body. Radionuclides addressed in this document include technetium-99, carbon-14, iodine-129, tritium, cesium-137, strontium-90, nickel-59, plutonium-241, nickel-63, niobium-94, cobalt-60, curium -42, americium-241, uranium-238, and neptunium-237.« less

Waste minimization for commercial radioactive materials users generating low-level radioactive waste. Revision 1

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fischer, D.K.; Gitt, M.; Williams, G.A.

1991-07-01

The objective of this document is to provide a resource for all states and compact regions interested in promoting the minimization of low-level radioactive waste (LLW). This project was initiated by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and Massachusetts waste streams have been used as examples; however, the methods of analysis presented here are applicable to similar waste streams generated elsewhere. This document is a guide for states/compact regions to use in developing a system to evaluate and prioritize various waste minimization techniques in order to encourage individual radioactive materials users (LLW generators) to consider these techniques in their own independent evaluations.more » This review discusses the application of specific waste minimization techniques to waste streams characteristic of three categories of radioactive materials users: (1) industrial operations using radioactive materials in the manufacture of commercial products, (2) health care institutions, including hospitals and clinics, and (3) educational and research institutions. Massachusetts waste stream characterization data from key radioactive materials users in each category are used to illustrate the applicability of various minimization techniques. The utility group is not included because extensive information specific to this category of LLW generators is available in the literature.« less

Waste minimization for commercial radioactive materials users generating low-level radioactive waste

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fischer, D.K.; Gitt, M.; Williams, G.A.

1991-07-01

The objective of this document is to provide a resource for all states and compact regions interested in promoting the minimization of low-level radioactive waste (LLW). This project was initiated by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and Massachusetts waste streams have been used as examples; however, the methods of analysis presented here are applicable to similar waste streams generated elsewhere. This document is a guide for states/compact regions to use in developing a system to evaluate and prioritize various waste minimization techniques in order to encourage individual radioactive materials users (LLW generators) to consider these techniques in their own independent evaluations.more » This review discusses the application of specific waste minimization techniques to waste streams characteristic of three categories of radioactive materials users: (1) industrial operations using radioactive materials in the manufacture of commercial products, (2) health care institutions, including hospitals and clinics, and (3) educational and research institutions. Massachusetts waste stream characterization data from key radioactive materials users in each category are used to illustrate the applicability of various minimization techniques. The utility group is not included because extensive information specific to this category of LLW generators is available in the literature.« less

WRAP low level waste (LLW) glovebox operational test report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kersten, J.K.

1998-02-19

The Low Level Waste (LLW) Process Gloveboxes are designed to: receive a 55 gallon drum in an 85 gallon overpack in the Entry glovebox (GBIOI); and open and sort the waste from the 55 gallon drum, place the waste back into drum and relid in the Sorting glovebox (GB 102). In addition, waste which requires further examination is transferred to the LLW RWM Glovebox via the Drath and Schraeder Bagiess Transfer Port (DO-07-201) or sent to the Sample Transfer Port (STC); crush the drum in the Supercompactor glovebox (GB 104); place the resulting puck (along with other pucks) into anothermore » 85 gallon overpack in the Exit glovebox (GB 105). The status of the waste items is tracked by the Data Management System (DMS) via the Plant Control System (PCS) barcode interface. As an item is moved from the entry glovebox to the exit glovebox, the Operator will track an items location using a barcode reader and enter any required data on the DMS console. The Operational Test Procedure (OTP) will perform evolution`s (described below) using the Plant Operating Procedures (POP) in order to verify that they are sufficient and accurate for controlled glovebox operation.« less

Regulatory Requirements and Technical Analysis for Department of Energy Regulated Performance Assessments of Shallow-Trench Disposal of Low-Level Radioactive Waste at the Nevada Test Site

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Crowe, B.; Black, P.; Tauxe, J.; Yucel, V.; Rawlinson, S.; Colarusso, A.; DiSanza, F.

2001-12-01

The National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Operations Office (NNSA/NV) operates and maintains two active facilities on the Nevada Test Site (NTS) that dispose Department of Energy (DOE) defense-generated low-level radioactive (LLW), mixed radioactive, and classified waste in shallow trenches, pits and large-diameter boreholes. The operation and maintenance of the LLW disposal sites are self-regulated under DOE Order 435.1, which requires review of a Performance Assessment for four performance objectives: 1) all pathways 25 mrem/yr limit; 2) atmospheric pathways 10 mrem/yr limit; 3) radon flux density of 20 pCi/m2/s; and 4) groundwater resource protection (Safe Drinking Water Act; 4 mrem/yr limit). The inadvertent human intruder is protected under a dual 500- and 100-mrem limit (acute and chronic exposure). In response to the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board Recommendation 92 2, a composite analysis is required that must examine all interacting sources for compliance against both 30 and 100 mrem/yr limits. A small component of classified transuranic waste is buried at intermediate depths in 3-meter diameter boreholes at the Area 5 LLW disposal facility and is assessed through DOE-agreement against the requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s 40 CFR 191. The hazardous components of mixed LLW are assessed against RCRA requirements. The NTS LLW sites fall directly under three sets of federal regulations and the regulatory differences result not only in organizational challenges, but also in different decision objectives and technical paths to completion. The DOE regulations require deterministic analysis for a 1,000-year compliance assessment supplemented by probabilistic analysis under a long-term maintenance program. The EPA regulations for TRU waste are probabilistically based for a compliance interval of 10,000 years. Multiple steps in the assessments are strongly dependent on assumptions for long-term land use policies. Integrating the different requirements into coherent and consistent sets of conceptual models of the disposal setting, alternative scenarios, and system models of fate, transport and dose-based assessments is technically challenging. Environmental assessments for these sites must be broad-based and flexible to accommodate the multiple objectives.

Buildings for Education, Vol. 2, No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Asian Regional Inst. for School Building Research, Colombo (Sri Lanka).

The activities of the Asian Regional Institute for School Building Research are described (studies conducted, contracts, development group work). Technical notes are presented concerning high-rise school buildings in Asian urban areas and related cost implications; the following factors are considered--(1) demand for space in urban areas, (2)…

Cultural Resources Investigation at the Lake Winnibigoshish Dam Site - 21 IC 4,

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-01-01

56 Spring Lake, Minnesota, archaeology and ethnohistory 1959-76 Minnesota, North Dakota, annual archaeological research 1967 Paleolithic site survey...34Interesting Archaeological Reading." Minnesota Archaeologist, Vol. 32, No’s. 1 and 2, pp. 113-114. "Notes on a Paleolithic Site Survey in Pakistan

Arabism and Islam: Stateless Nations and Nationless States

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-07-01

Notes 1. NationalGeographic, vol. 119, no. 1 (January 1961), p. 84. 2. Michel Foucault , quoted in translation from Keith Michael Baker, "Memory...Islamic Jihad released a photograph of the corpse o f French hostage Michel Seurat, a respected scholar of the Arab-Muslim world. Terry Ander

Low-Level Waste Forum notes and summary reports for 1994. Volume 9, Number 3, May-June 1994

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1994-06-01

This issue includes the following articles: Vermont ratifies Texas compact; Pennsylvania study on rates of decay for classes of low-level radioactive waste; South Carolina legislature adjourns without extending access to Barnwell for out-of-region generators; Southeast Compact Commission authorizes payments for facility development, also votes on petitions, access contracts; storage of low-level radioactive waste at Rancho Seco removed from consideration; plutonium estimates for Ward Valley, California; judgment issued in Ward Valley lawsuits; Central Midwest Commission questions court`s jurisdiction over surcharge rebates litigation; Supreme Court decides commerce clause case involving solid waste; parties voluntarily dismiss Envirocare case; appellate court affirms dismissal ofmore » suit against Central Commission; LLW Forum mixed waste working group meets; US EPA Office of Radiation and Indoor Air rulemakings; EPA issues draft radiation site cleanup regulation; EPA extends mixed waste enforcement moratorium; and NRC denies petition to amend low-level radioactive waste classification regulations.« less

GLYCOL DEHYDRATOR BTEX AND VOC EMISSIONS TESTING RESULTS AT TWO UNITS IN TEXAS AND LOUISIANA VOL. II: APPENDICES

EPA Science Inventory

The report gives results of the collection of emissions test data st two triethylene glycol units to provide data for the comparison to GRI-GLYCalc, a computer program developed to estimate emissions from glycol dehydrators. [NOTE: Glycol dehydrators are used in the natural gas i...

GLYCOL DEHYDRATOR BTEX AND VOC EMISSIONS TESTING RESULTS AT TWO UNITS IN TEXAS AND LOUISIANA VOL. I: TECHNICAL REPORT

EPA Science Inventory

The report gives results of the collection of emissions tests data at two triethylene glycol units to provide data for comparison to GRI-GLYCalc, a computer program developed to estimate emissions from glycol dehydrators. (NOTE: Glycol dehydrators are used in the natural gas indu...

Measuring the Effectiveness of the Industrial Modernization Incentives Program (IMIP).

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-01

nebulous to accurately measure. It is of interest to note that if "degree of improved readiness" could be defined and quantified, 100 percent of the...Make the Turtle Run?" Government Executive, Vol 14: 18-21 (October 1982). 19. Kluter, Major Eugene E., USAF. Producing More For Less: A Guide For

Notes on Search, Detection and Localization Modeling. Revision 4

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-01

2, --- , k where the subregions are relabeled so that the following order relation holds: pi/6 1 > p 2!6 2 > ... > pr65 and where k is chosen so... Interfaces ," Operations Research, Vol. 19, No.3, pp 559-586, 1971. 15. Coggins, P.B., "Detection Probability Computations for Random Search of an

Training and Development Publications. Vol. 13, No. 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Labour Office, Geneva (Switzerland).

Abstracts of material covering a variety of topics regarding vocational and labor development throughout the world are presented in the fifth dispatch. Noted, in particular, are publications regarding management and relations between school and the world of work. The first section, News in Brief, contains 34 items from around the world under the…

Adult Continuing Education and Human Resource Development: Present Competitors, Potential Partners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Douglas H.

2013-01-01

"Author's Note": In May 1989, this article was published in "Livelong Learning," the monthly practitioner journal of the American Association for Adult and Continuing Education (Vol. 12, No. 7, pp. 13-17). Now viewed as a period reference article, it presents the relationship of adult and continuing education (ACE) and…

Photocopy: Composite Map of Crossing Site by Daniel J. Mordell ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy: Composite Map of Crossing Site by Daniel J. Mordell from Canal Society of New York State. Bottoming Out: Useful and Interesting Notes Collected for Members of the Canal Society of New York State. Vol. 18-19. Syracuse, 1962. - Erie Canal (Enlarged), Schoharie Creek Aqueduct, Spanning Schoharie Creek, Fort Hunter, Montgomery County, NY

Geochemical effects on the behavior of LLW radionuclides in soil/groundwater environments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Krupka, K.M.; Sterne, R.J.

1995-12-31

Assessing the migration potential of radionuclides leached from low-level radioactive waste (LLW) and decommissioning sites necessitates information on the effects of sorption and precipitation on the concentrations of dissolved radionuclides. Such an assessment requires that the geochemical processes of aqueous speciation, complexation, oxidation/reduction, and ion exchange be taken into account. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is providing technical support to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for defining the solubility and sorption behavior of radionuclides in soil/ground-water environments associated with engineered cementitious LLW disposal systems and decommissioning sites. Geochemical modeling is being used to predict solubility limits for radionuclidesmore » under geochemical conditions associated with these environments. The solubility limits are being used as maximum concentration limits in performance assessment calculations describing the release of contaminants from waste sources. Available data were compiled regarding the sorption potential of radionuclides onto {open_quotes}fresh{close_quotes} cement/concrete where the expected pH of the cement pore waters will equal to or exceed 10. Based on information gleaned from the literature, a list of preferred minimum distribution coefficients (Kd`s) was developed for these radionuclides. The K{sub d} values are specific to the chemical environments associated with the evolution of the compositions of cement/concrete pore waters.« less

Composite Materials NDE Using Enhanced Leaky Lamb Wave Dispersion Data Acquisition Method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bar-Cohen, Yoseph; Mal, Ajit; Lih, Shyh-Shiuh; Chang, Zensheu

1999-01-01

The leaky Lamb wave (LLW) technique is approaching a maturity level that is making it an attractive quantitative NDE tool for composites and bonded joints. Since it was first observed in 1982, the phenomenon has been studied extensively, particularly in composite materials. The wave is induced by oblique insonification using a pitch-catch arrangement and the plate wave modes are detected by identifying minima in the reflected spectra to obtain the dispersion data. The wave behavior in multi-orientation laminates has been well documented and corroborated experimentally with high accuracy. The sensitivity of the wave to the elastic constants of the material and to the boundary conditions led to the capability to measure the elastic properties of bonded joints. Recently, the authors significantly enhanced the LLW method's capability by increasing the speed of the data acquisition, the number of modes that can be identified and the accuracy of the data inversion. In spite of the theoretical and experimental progress, methods that employ oblique insonification of composites are still not being applied as standard industrial NDE methods. The authors investigated the issues that are hampering the transition of the LLW to industrial applications and identified 4 key issues. The current capability of the method and the nature of these issues are described in this paper.

Using FEP's List and a PA Methodology for Evaluating Suitable Areas for the LLW Repository in Italy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Risoluti, P.; Ciabatti, P.; Mingrone, G.

2002-02-26

In Italy following a referendum held in 1987, nuclear energy has been phased out. Since 1998, a general site selection process covering the whole Italian territory has been under way. A GIS (Geographic Information System) methodology was implemented in three steps using the ESRI Arc/Info and Arc/View platforms. The screening identified approximately 0.8% of the Italian territory as suitable for locating the LLW Repository. 200 areas have been identified as suitable for the location of the LLW Repository, using a multiple exclusion criteria procedure (1:500,000), regional scale (1:100.000) and local scale (1:25,000-1:10,000). A methodology for evaluating these areas has beenmore » developed allowing, along with the evaluation of the long term efficiency of the engineered barrier system (EBS), the characterization of the selected areas in terms of physical and safety factors and planning factors. The first step was to identify, on a referenced FEPs list, a group of geomorphological, geological, hydrogeological, climatic and human behavior caused process and/or events, which were considered of importance for the site evaluation, taking into account the Italian situation. A site evaluation system was established ascribing weighted scores to each of these processes and events, which were identified as parameters of the new evaluation system. The score of each parameter is ranging from 1 (low suitability) to 3 (high suitability). The corresponding weight is calculated considering the effect of the parameter in terms of total dose to the critical group, using an upgraded AMBER model for PA calculation. At the end of the process an index obtained by a score weighted sum gives the degree of suitability of the selected areas for the LLW Repository location. The application of the methodology to two selected sites is given in the paper.« less

Operating Experience and Lessons Learned in the Use of Soft-Sided Packaging for Transportation and Disposal of Low Activity Radioactive Waste

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kapoor, A.; Gordon, S.; Goldston, W.

2013-07-08

This paper describes the operating experience and lessons learned at U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sites as a result of an evaluation of potential trailer contamination and soft-sided packaging integrity issues related to the disposal of low-level and mixed low-level (LLW/MLLW) radioactive waste shipments. Nearly 4.3 million cubic meters of LLW/MLLW will have been generated and disposed of during fiscal year (FY) 2010 to FY 2015—either at commercial disposal sites or disposal sites owned by DOE. The LLW/MLLW is packaged in several different types of regulatory compliant packaging and transported via highway or rail to disposal sites safely and efficientlymore » in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations and DOE orders. In 1999, DOE supported the development of LLW containers that are more volumetrically efficient, more cost effective, and easier to use as compared to metal or wooden containers that existed at that time. The DOE Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), working in conjunction with the plastic industry, tested several types of soft-sided waste packaging systems that meet U.S. Department of Transportation requirements for transport of low specific activity and surface contaminated objects. Since then, soft-sided packaging of various capacities have been used successfully by the decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) projects to package, transport, and dispose D&D wastes throughout the DOE complex. The joint team of experts assembled by the Energy Facility Contractors Group from DOE waste generating sites, DOE and commercial waste disposal facilities, and soft-sided packaging suppliers conducted the review of soft-sided packaging operations and transportation of these packages to the disposal sites. As a result of this evaluation, the team developed several recommendations and best practices to prevent or minimize the recurrences of equipment contamination issues and proper use of soft-sided packaging for transport and disposal of waste.« less

A Note on Local Stability Conditions for Two Types of Monetary Models with Recursive Utility

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miyazaki, Kenji; Utsunomiya, Hitoshi

2009-09-01

This note explores local stability conditions for money-in-utility-function (MIUF) and transaction-costs (TC) models with recursive utility. Although Chen et al. [Chen, B.-L., M. Hsu, and C.-H. Lin, 2008, Inflation and growth: impatience and a qualitative equivalent, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol. 40, No. 6, 1310-1323] investigated the relationship between inflation and growth in MIUF and TC models with recursive utility, they conducted only a comparative static analysis in a steady state. By establishing sufficient conditions for local stability, this note proves that impatience should be increasing in consumption and real balances. Increasing impatience, although less plausible from an empirical point of view, receives more support from a theoretical viewpoint.

PPBS for State and Local Officials. Library Notes, Vol. 6, No. 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grossbard, Stephen I.

The planning, programming, budgeting system (PPBS) is an instrument to help policy-makers assign priorities and allocate resources. It does not seek to computerize what is essentially a political process, nor is it intended that the statisticians and cost accountants take over functions that properly belong to the political decision-maker. PPBS is…

Faculty Workload Studies: Perspectives, Needs, and Future Directions. ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report, Vol. 26, No. 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyer, Katrina A.

This report reviews the literature and discusses issues concerning college faculty workload and productivity. Section 1 reviews the situation in the United States, noting increased interest in faculty workload issues as a result of population pressures, faltering economies, and the rising costs of higher education, especially of personnel. Section…

Cultural Resource Investigation of Lands Affected by a Flood Control Project at Chaska, Minnesota, along the Minnesota River

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

ethnohistory 1959-76 Minnesota, North Dakota, annual archaeological research 1967 Paleolithic site survey, Pakistan Professional Associations: American...34Interesting Archaeological Reading." Minnesota Archaeologist, Vol. 32, No’s. 1 and 2, pp. 113-114. "Notes on a Paleolithic Site Survey in Pakistan." Asian

Carbon-dependent chromate toxicity mechanism in an environmental Arthrobacter isolate.

PubMed

Field, Erin K; Blaskovich, John P; Peyton, Brent M; Gerlach, Robin

2018-05-12

Arthrobacter spp. are widespread in soil systems and well-known for their Cr(VI) reduction capabilities making them attractive candidates for in situ bioremediation efforts. Cellulose drives carbon flow in soil systems; yet, most laboratory studies evaluate Arthrobacter-Cr(VI) interactions solely with nutrient-rich media or glucose. This study aims to determine how various cellulose degradation products and biostimulation substrates influence Cr(VI) toxicity, reduction, and microbial growth of an environmental Arthrobacter sp. isolate. Laboratory culture-based studies suggest there is a carbon-dependent Cr(VI) toxicity mechanism that affects subsequent Cr(VI) reduction by strain LLW01. Strain LLW01 could only grow in the presence of, and reduce, 50 μM Cr(VI) when glucose or lactate were provided. Compared to lactate, Cr(VI) was at least 30-fold and 10-fold more toxic when ethanol or butyrate was the sole carbon source, respectively. The addition of sulfate mitigated toxicity somewhat, but had no effect on the extent of Cr(VI) reduction. Cell viability studies indicated that a small fraction of cells were viable after 8 days suggesting cell growth and subsequent Cr(VI) reduction may resume. These results suggest when designing bioremediation strategies with Arthrobacter spp. such as strain LLW01, carbon sources such as glucose and lactate should be considered over ethanol and butyrate. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Active Sites Environmental Monitoring Program: Mid-FY 1991 report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ashwood, T.L.; Wickliff, D.S.; Morrissey, C.M.

1991-10-01

This report summarizes the activities of the Active Sites Environmental Monitoring Program (ASEMP) from October 1990 through March 1991. The ASEMP was established in 1989 by Solid Waste Operations and the Environmental Sciences Division to provide early detection and performance monitoring at active low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal sites in Solid Waste Storage Area (SWSA) 6 and transuranic (TRU) waste storage sites in SWSA 5 as required by chapters II and III of US Department of Energy Order 5820.2A. Monitoring results continue to demonstrate the no LLW is being leached from the storage vaults on the tumulus pads. Loading ofmore » vaults on Tumulus II began during this reporting period and 115 vaults had been loaded by the end of March 1991.« less

The CAP Approach to Modifying Vocational Programs for Handicapped Students. Vol. 5: Trades and Industry with an Example in Welding.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fessenden, Patricia K.; Mendini, Daniel

This combination teaching guide and student workbook, fifth in a five-volume series (see note), presents an approach to teaching basic welding and welding terms for handicapped students. The teaching guide discusses a functional approach to teaching that can accomodate or alleviate the effects of disabilities. Discussion centers on categories to…

78 FR 18393 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Order Granting Approval of a Proposed...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-26

... Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol. 44, 1427-1457 (2009) (``Weaver Study''); H. Bessembinder, J. Hao.... 3, supra note 6. \\20\\ See proposed Rule 5950(a)(1)(B). Factors that could be considered by the... quoted, and quality of the market in the MQP Security; and any other relevant factors.\\26\\ After an MQP...

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Multiple Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary Layer Interactions in a Rectangular Duct

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-06

the bottom % kall followin,, the interaction. At 6Wuh = 0.35 the shock train would not stay attached to a single wall long enough for the surface...Interaction of a Shock Wave with a Laminar Boundary Layer," Lecture Notes in Physics, Vol. 8, Springer-Verlag, 1971 , pp. 151-163. 51 MacCormack, R. W

On the direct detection of gravitational waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pustovoit, V. I.

2016-10-01

Different types of gravitational wave (GW) detectors are considered. It is noted that interferometric techniques offer the greatest prospects for GW registration due to their high sensitivity and extremely wide frequency band. Using laser interferometers, proposed as far back as 1962 in the work by M E Gertsenshtein and V I Pustovoit published in Russian (Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., vol. 43, p. 605, 1962) and in English translation (Sov. Phys. JETP, vol. 16, p. 433, 1963), it proved possible for the first time to directly detect GW emission from a merger of two black holes. It is noted that the assertion that Gertsen-shtein-Pustovoit's work was unknown to some of those experts involved in direct GW detection is inconsistent with reality. The problems of high-power laser radiation affecting the electrostatic polarization of free-mass mirrors are discussed. It is shown that mirror polarization can lead to additional links with electrically conducting elements of the design resulting in the interferometer's reduced sensitivity. Some new prospects for developing high reflection structures are discussed and heat extraction problems are considered. This article is the revised and extended version of the report “On the first direct detection of gravitational waves” delivered by V I Pustovoit at the Scientific Session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (March 2, 2016). All other reports presented at the session were published in the preceding issue of Physics-Uspekhi (September 2016) (see Refs [108, 111-113]). (Editorial note)

Conditional Belief Types

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-19

event is the same as conditioning on the event being certain, which formalizes the standard informal interpretation of conditional probability. The game ...theoretic application of our model, discussed within an example, sheds light on a number of issues in the analysis of extensive form games . Type...belief types Block 13: Supplementary Note © 2014 . Published in Games and Economic Behavior, Vol. Ed. 0 87, (0) (2014), (, (0). DoD Components

Cloud Offload in Hostile Environments

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-12-01

of recognized objects in an input image. FACE: Windows XP C++ application based on the OpenCV library [45]. It returns the coordinates and identities...SOLDIER. Energy-Efficient Technolo- gies for the Dismounted Soldier”. National Research Council, 1997. [16] COMMITTEE ON SOLDIER POWER/ENERGY SYSTEMS...vol. 4658 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2007. [45] OPENCV . OpenCV Wiki. http://opencv.willowgarage.com/wiki/. [46

The Politics of Speaking: An Approach to Evaluating Bilingual-Bicultural Schools. Bilingual Education Paper Series, Vol. 1, No. 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Erickson, Frederick

A method of evaluating bilingual-bicultural education programs that has a sociolinguistic basis uses samples of the language spoken by a number of bilingual program students as they go through their school day. A random sample of the child's speech would be continuously recorded for an hour, with a bilingual observer taking running notes on where…

PU-ICE Summary Information.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moore, Michael

The Generator Knowledge Report for the Plutonium Isentropic Compression Experiment Containment Systems (GK Report) provides information for the Plutonium Isentropic Compression Experiment (Pu- ICE) program to support waste management and characterization efforts. Attachment 3-18 presents generator knowledge (GK) information specific to the eighteenth Pu-ICE conducted in August 2015, also known as ‘Shot 18 (Aug 2015) and Pu-ICE Z-2841 (1).’ Shot 18 (Aug 2015) was generated on August 28, 2015 (1). Calculations based on the isotopic content of Shot 18 (Aug 2015) and the measured mass of the containment system demonstrate the post-shot containment system is low-level waste (LLW). Therefore, thismore » containment system will be managed at Sandia National Laboratory/New Mexico (SNL/NM) as LLW. Attachment 3-18 provides documentation of the TRU concentration and documents the concentration of any hazardous constituents.« less

Modeling Groundwater Flow and Infiltration at Potential Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Sites in Taiwan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arnold, B. W.; Lee, C.; Ma, C.; Knowlton, R. G.

2006-12-01

Taiwan is evaluating representative sites for the potential disposal of low-level radioactive waste (LLW), including consideration of shallow land burial and cavern disposal concepts. A representative site for shallow land burial is on a small island in the Taiwan Strait with basalt bedrock. The shallow land burial concept includes an engineered cover to limit infiltration into the waste disposal cell. A representative site for cavern disposal is located on the southeast coast of Taiwan. The tunnel system for this disposal concept would be several hundred meters below the mountainous land surface in argillite bedrock. The LLW will consist of about 966,000 drums, primarily from the operation and decommissioning of four nuclear power plants. Sandia National Laboratories and the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research have collaborated to develop performance assessment models to evaluate the long-term safety of LLW disposal at these representative sites. Important components of the system models are sub-models of groundwater flow in the natural system and infiltration through the engineered cover for the shallow land burial concept. The FEHM software code was used to simulate groundwater flow in three-dimensional models at both sites. In addition, a higher-resolution two-dimensional model was developed to simulate flow through the engineered tunnel system at the cavern site. The HELP software was used to simulate infiltration through the cover at the island site. The primary objective of these preliminary models is to provide a modeling framework, given the lack of site-specific data and detailed engineering design specifications. The steady-state groundwater flow model at the island site uses a specified recharge boundary at the land surface and specified head at the island shoreline. Simulated groundwater flow vectors are extracted from the FEHM model along a cross section through one of the LLW disposal cells for utilization in radionuclide transport simulations in the performance assessment model with the BLT-MS software. Infiltration through the engineered cover is simulated to be about 3 mm/yr and 49 mm/yr, with and without a geomembrane layer, respectively. For the cavern LLW disposal site, the FEHM basin-scale flow model uses specified recharge flux, constant head at the ocean shoreline, and head-dependent flux boundaries along flowing streams. Groundwater flow vectors are extracted along a cross section for use in radionuclide transport simulations. Transport simulations indicate that a significant fraction of contaminants may ultimately discharge to nearby streams. FEHM flow simulations with the drift-scale model indicate that the flow rates within the backfilled tunnels may be more than two orders of magnitude lower than in the host rock. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

Explosive Loading of Metals and Related Topics

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-05-01

Griffiths, "A U. K. Note on the History of Shaped Charges,• Royal Armament Research and Development Establishment Report, August 1983, presented...1925. 20. R. W. Wood, •optical and Physical Effects of High Explosives,• Proceedings of .the Royal Society (London), Vol. 157A, 1936, pp. 249-261...correctly analyzes geometric configurations in this report such as the Jelly Roll, the Dagwood and similar explosive-metal multilayer arrangements. In

OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series, Volume 14 Spatial Light Modulators

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-05-26

Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography Glenn D. Kubiak andDon R. Kania, eds. Vol. 5 Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications (1996) Edited by...micromirror device ( DMD ), and photorefractive crystal. Note that other devices not discussed in this article have been developed, such as the charge...earlier. DMDs are fabricated by micromachining a silicon wafer.7 Tiny (16 um X 16 um) suspended mirrors are micromachined on cantilevers. The

Regulation of Health Policy: Patient Safety and the States

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-05-01

the consumer perspective about patient safety. Advances in Patient Safety: Vol 1 420 Note See e.g., Public Citizen, Inc. v. U.S. Dept. of Health ...405 Regulation of Health Policy: Patient Safety and the States Joanna Weinberg, Lee H. Hilborne, Quang-Tuyen Nguyen Abstract In its 1999...regulating patient safety. The authors suggest that State patient safety regulation illustrates ongoing tensions in U.S. health policy, and conclude that

Selecting Representative Points in Normal Populations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-14

where values can be compared. A rather early paper on quantization is by Steinhaus [1956]. In that paper, he demonstrates the two necessary (but not...already noted that Steinhaus lists these two l<i<l conditions. These two necessary conditions for an optimal quantization suggest an iterative...Stanford, California. Steinhaus , H. (1956). Sur la division des corps materiels en parties. Bulletin De L’Academie Polonaise Des Sciences, Cl. III- Vol

Selection of a computer code for Hanford low-level waste engineered-system performance assessment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McGrail, B.P.; Mahoney, L.A.

Planned performance assessments for the proposed disposal of low-level waste (LLW) glass produced from remediation of wastes stored in underground tanks at Hanford, Washington will require calculations of radionuclide release rates from the subsurface disposal facility. These calculations will be done with the aid of computer codes. Currently available computer codes were ranked in terms of the feature sets implemented in the code that match a set of physical, chemical, numerical, and functional capabilities needed to assess release rates from the engineered system. The needed capabilities were identified from an analysis of the important physical and chemical process expected tomore » affect LLW glass corrosion and the mobility of radionuclides. The highest ranked computer code was found to be the ARES-CT code developed at PNL for the US Department of Energy for evaluation of and land disposal sites.« less

Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners to Low-Level Radioactive Waste Leachate

DOE PAGES

Tian, Kuo; Benson, Craig H.; Likos, William J.

2016-04-25

Hydraulic conductivity was evaluated for eight commercially available geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) permeated with leachate characteristic of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facilities operated by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Two of the GCLs (CS and GS) contained conventional sodium bentonite (Na-B). The others contained a bentonite–polymer mixture (CPL, CPH, GPL1, GPL2, and GPH) or bentonite–polymer composite (BPC). All GCLs (except GPL2 and GPH) were permeated directly with two synthetic LLW leachates that are essentially identical, except one has no radionuclides (nonradioactive synthetic leachate, or NSL) and the other has radionuclides (radioactive synthetic leachate, or RSL). Hydraulic conductivities tomore » RSL and NSL were identical. For the CS and GS GCLs, the hydraulic conductivity gradually increased by a factor of 5–25 because divalent cations in the leachate replaced native sodium cations bound to the bentonite. The CPL, GPL1, and GPL2 GCLs with low polymer loading (1.2–3.3%) had hydraulic conductivities similar to the conventional GCLs. In contrast, hydraulic conductivity of the CPH, GPH, and BPC GCLs with high polymer loading (≥5%) to RSL or NSL was comparable to, or lower than, the hydraulic conductivity to deionized water. Permeation with leachate reduced the swell index of the bentonite in all of the GCLs. A conceptual model featuring pore blocking by polymer hydrogel is proposed to explain why the hydraulic conductivity of bentonite–polymer GCLs to LLW leachates remains low even though the leachate inhibits bentonite swelling.« less

Distribution coefficient values describing iodine, neptunium, selenium, technetium, and uranium sorption to Hanford sediments. Supplement 1

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kaplan, D.I.; Seme, R.J.

1995-03-01

Burial of vitrified low-level waste (LLW) in the vadose zone of the Hanford Site is being considered as a long-term disposal option. Regulations dealing with LLW disposal require that performance assessment (PA) analyses be conducted. Preliminary modeling efforts for the Hanford Site LLW PA were conducted to evaluate the potential health risk of a number of radionuclides, including Ac, Am, C, Ce, Cm, Co, Cs, Eu, 1, Nb, Ni, Np, Pa, Pb, Pu, Ra, Ru, Se, Sn, Sr, Tc, Th, U, and Zr (Piepho et al. 1994). The radionuclides, {sup 129}I, {sup 237}Np, {sup 79}Se, {sup 99}Tc, and {sup 234,235,238}U,more » were identified as posing the greatest potential health hazard. It was also determined that the outcome of these simulations were very sensitive to the parameter describing the extent to which radionuclides sorbed to the subsurface matrix, described as a distribution coefficient (K{sub d}). The distribution coefficient is a ratio of the radionuclide concentration associated with the solid phase to that in the liquid phase. The literature-derived K{sub d} values used in these simulations were conservative, i.e., lowest values within the range of reasonable values used to provide an estimate of the maximum health threat. Thus, these preliminary modeling results reflect a conservative estimate rather than a best estimate of what is likely to occur. The potential problem with providing only a conservative estimate is that it may mislead us into directing resources to resolve nonexisting problems.« less

Hydraulic Conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners to Low-Level Radioactive Waste Leachate

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tian, Kuo; Benson, Craig H.; Likos, William J.

Hydraulic conductivity was evaluated for eight commercially available geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) permeated with leachate characteristic of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facilities operated by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Two of the GCLs (CS and GS) contained conventional sodium bentonite (Na-B). The others contained a bentonite–polymer mixture (CPL, CPH, GPL1, GPL2, and GPH) or bentonite–polymer composite (BPC). All GCLs (except GPL2 and GPH) were permeated directly with two synthetic LLW leachates that are essentially identical, except one has no radionuclides (nonradioactive synthetic leachate, or NSL) and the other has radionuclides (radioactive synthetic leachate, or RSL). Hydraulic conductivities tomore » RSL and NSL were identical. For the CS and GS GCLs, the hydraulic conductivity gradually increased by a factor of 5–25 because divalent cations in the leachate replaced native sodium cations bound to the bentonite. The CPL, GPL1, and GPL2 GCLs with low polymer loading (1.2–3.3%) had hydraulic conductivities similar to the conventional GCLs. In contrast, hydraulic conductivity of the CPH, GPH, and BPC GCLs with high polymer loading (≥5%) to RSL or NSL was comparable to, or lower than, the hydraulic conductivity to deionized water. Permeation with leachate reduced the swell index of the bentonite in all of the GCLs. A conceptual model featuring pore blocking by polymer hydrogel is proposed to explain why the hydraulic conductivity of bentonite–polymer GCLs to LLW leachates remains low even though the leachate inhibits bentonite swelling.« less

Microstructure and tribological properties of in situ synthesized TiC, TiN, and SiC reinforced Ti 3Al intermetallic matrix composite coatings on pure Ti by laser cladding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pu, Yuping; Guo, Baogang; Zhou, Jiansong; Zhang, Shitang; Zhou, Huidi; Chen, Jianmin

2008-12-01

TiC, TiN, and SiC reinforced Ti 3Al intermetallic matrix composite (IMC) coatings were in situ synthesized on a pure Ti substrate by laser cladding. It was found that the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the Ti 3Al coating were improved by the formation of these Ti 3Al IMC coatings. The surface hardness and the wear resistance of the TiC/Ti 3Al IMC coatings increased with the increasing volume fraction of TiC powder. Under the same dry sliding test conditions, the wear resistance of TiC, TiN, and SiC reinforced Ti 3Al IMC coatings with 40 vol.% reinforced powder was in the following order: TiN/Ti 3Al IMC coating > TiC/Ti 3Al IMC coating > SiC/Ti 3Al IMC coating. It should be noted that both the TiC/Ti 3Al IMC coating with 40 vol.% TiC powder and the TiN/Ti 3Al coating with 40 vol.% TiN powder showed excellent wear resistance under 5 N normal load.

Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Turret (Part II) (POSTPRINT)

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

FL, 2007. 2S. Gordeyev , T. E. Hayden, and E. J. Jumper , “Aero-Optical and Flow Measurements Over a Flat-Windowed Turret,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 45, No...public release; distribution unlimited. 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Conference presentation published in the Proceedings of the 48th AIAA Aerospace...Compressible effects are not present at this speed, but systems for controlling velocity fluctuations in incompressible flows will be effective in controlling

Exact Test of Independence Using Mutual Information

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-23

1000 × 0.05 = 50. Entropy 2014, 16 2844 Importantly, the permutation test, which does not preserve Markov order, resulted in 489 Type I errors! Using...Block 13 ARO Report Number Block 13: Supplementary Note © 2014 . Published in Entropy , Vol. Ed. 0 16, (7) (2014), (, (7). DoD Components reserve a...official Department of the Army position, policy or decision, unless so designated by other documentation. ... Entropy 2014, 16, 2839-2849; doi:10.3390

The Effects of Pacifist Norms on the Japanese Justice System

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

foreigners and juvenile offenders, with minimal success, and growing dissatisfaction with the police grew throughout the public... Delinquency , Vol. 39 No. 3, July 1993. 39 domestic pricing and restrict the outbreak of AIDS in the 1980s and 90s.100 With the previously noted nation...pacifist methods and low crime rates has been so delinquent in this area we must take into account the historical and normative perspectives that

Cavitation-Resistant Coatings for Hydropower Turbines

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-01

jay, GA . The Corps’ corporate practice has been almost exclusively to use 308 and 309 weld rod for cavitation repair. No other material has been...Turbines and Pumps : A Technical Note, Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, Vol. 14(2): 177–182 (June 2005). 6. C. L. Cheng, C.T. Webster, and J.Y...Tested on a Venturi Cavitation Testing Machine, Denver, CO: Bureau of Rec- lamation, Research Laboratory and Services Division (January 1994). 9. O. F

Modeling of Inelastic Collisions in a Multifluid Plasma: Excitation and Deexcitation

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-31

AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES For publication in Physics of Plasma Vol #22, Issue...the fundamental physical processes may be individually known, it is not always clear how their combination affects the overall operation, or at what...arises from the complexity of the physical processes needed to be captured in the model. The required level of detail of the CR model is typically not

IAPD: Integrated Adaptive and Proactive Defense against Stealthy Botnets

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-12-28

in Communications , IEEE Journal on, vol. 9, pp. 1024 –1039, sep 1991. [ 11 ] R. G. Gallager, Poisson Processes, class notes, available online at http...transmitted by the destination radio . This ACK is automatically transmitted at the end of the 3 10 00 01 00 Fig. 2. Covert communication : A warden...spyware, disallowing the legitimate messages to route via the communication channel. Unless the secret trigger combination is known and the radio is under

Promotion Opportunities of Minorities to the Controlled Grades in the Navy Nurse Corps

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-12-01

and Smith, in their book Modern Labor Economics (1991), note two types of wage differential with different sources and, therefore, potentially...Role Strain," Health Services Research, Vol. 24, No. 5, December, 1989, p. 693-707. Ehrenberg, Ronald G., and Smith, Robert S., Modern Labor ... Economics : Theory and Public Policy, Fourth Edition, HarperCollins Publishers, New York, 1991. Felder, Emma, and Riesch, Susan, "The Status of Minority Nurses

Preliminary Structural Design - Defining the Design Space

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-02-01

York, 1949 7. Rosenblatt, R., Prnciples of Neurodynamics , New York, Spartan Books, 1959 8. Swift, R.,"Structural Design Using Neural Networks," Ph.D...Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition . Vol. 1 Foundations D. E. Rumelhart and J.L. McClelland Editors, MIT Press, 1986 40. Parker, D. B...Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition , MIT Press 1986 45. Schittkowski, K., Nonlinear o a gmi codes Lecture Notes in Economics and

The SED in the 1980’s -- New Program and Statutes for the Party

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-08-17

cit., p 294. 85. Protocol, Vol 1, p 40. 86. " Scientific Communism," loc. cit., p 295. 87. Zatsepilin, V.G., "Sorevnovaniye dvukh mirovykh sistem ...Covered 14. 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstracts The report contains an analysis by the West German Federal Institute for Eastern Scientific ...for Eastern Scientific and International Studies] CONTENTS PAGE Summary -*- I. Historical Background 5 II. Discussion of Party Documents 6 1

Characterization of Defects in Composite Material Using Rapidly Acquired Leaky Lamb Wave Dispersion Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bar-Cohen, Y.; Mal, A.; Chang, Z.

1998-01-01

The phenomenon of Leaky Lamb Wave (LLW) in composite materials was first observed in 1982 using a Schlieren system. It has been studied extensively by numerous investigators and successfully shown to be an effective quantitative NDE tool.

Soliton Dynamics of an Atomic Spinor Condensate on a Ring Lattice

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-02-22

REPORT Soliton dynamics of an atomic spinor condensate on a Ring Lattice 14. ABSTRACT 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: We study the dynamics of...8/98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 - Soliton dynamics of an atomic spinor condensate on a Ring Lattice Report Title ABSTRACT We study the dynamics...Report Number Soliton dynamics of an atomic spinor condensat Block 13: Supplementary Note © 2013 . Published in Physical Review A (accepted), Vol. Ed

Pseudorandom Number Generators for Mobile Devices: An Examination and Attempt to Improve Randomness

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

Notes in Computer Science (LNCS), Vol. 4341), (Hanoi, Vietnam: Springer, 2006), 260–270. 36 Simon R. Blackburn , “The Linear Complexity of the Self... Blackburn , Simon R. ‘The Linear Complexity of the Self-Shrinking Generator.” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 45 (September 1999). Blum, Leonore, Manuel...afloat when the waters have been rough! xv THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK xvi I. INTRODUCTION When the average man thinks about war and

Proceedings of the NATO IST-128 Workshop: Assessing Mission Impact of Cyberattacks Held in Istanbul, Turkey on 15-17 June 2015

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

combine satisficing behaviour with learning and adaptation through environmental feedback. This a sequential decision making with one alternative...next action that an opponent will most likely take in a strategic interaction. Also, cognitive models derived from instance- based learning theory (IBL... through instance- based learning . In Y. Li (Ed.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 6818, pp. 281-293). Heidelberg: Springer Berlin. Gonzalez, C

Color and Luminance Asymmetries in the Clear Sky

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-01-20

differences directly from x, y, and Y in the perceptually anisotropic CIE XYZ color space, we first map this data into the isotropic CIELUV color...2 v*1/ 2 . 20 January 2003 Vol. 42, No. 3 APPLIED OPTICS 459 L*, u*, v* are the CIELUV space’s orthogonal coor- dinates, and L*, u*, v...are the corresponding differences between coordinates of the two light sources being compared. Note that 3–5 CIELUV color-difference units are often

Fuel Effects on Gas Turbine Combustion

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

consistent with this model. However, the results of an experimental study by Naegeli and Moses [36] suggest that the picture will be more complicated for fuels...It is well established that smoking tendency increases with reduction in hydrogen content [51]. However, it is of interest to note that Naegeli and...Combustion Conditions, J. Eng. Power, "Vol. 102, pp. 403-408, April 1980. 36. Naegeli , D. W. and Effect of Fuel Molecular Structure on C. A. roses, Soot

Hamiltonian flows with random-walk behaviour originating from zero-sum games and fictitious play

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

van Strien, Sebastian

2011-06-01

In this paper we introduce Hamiltonian dynamics, inspired by zero-sum games (best response and fictitious play dynamics). The Hamiltonian functions we consider are continuous and piecewise affine (and of a very simple form). It follows that the corresponding Hamiltonian vector fields are discontinuous and multi-valued. Differential equations with discontinuities along a hyperplane are often called 'Filippov systems', and there is a large literature on such systems, see for example (di Bernardo et al 2008 Theory and applications Piecewise-Smooth Dynamical Systems (Applied Mathematical Sciences vol 163) (London: Springer); Kunze 2000 Non-Smooth Dynamical Systems (Lecture Notes in Mathematics vol 1744) (Berlin: Springer); Leine and Nijmeijer 2004 Dynamics and Bifurcations of Non-smooth Mechanical Systems (Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics vol 18) (Berlin: Springer)). The special feature of the systems we consider here is that they have discontinuities along a large number of intersecting hyperplanes. Nevertheless, somewhat surprisingly, the flow corresponding to such a vector field exists, is unique and continuous. We believe that these vector fields deserve attention, because it turns out that the resulting dynamics are rather different from those found in more classically defined Hamiltonian dynamics. The vector field is extremely simple: outside codimension-one hyperplanes it is piecewise constant and so the flow phit piecewise a translation (without stationary points). Even so, the dynamics can be rather rich and complicated as a detailed study of specific examples show (see for example theorems 7.1 and 7.2 and also (Ostrovski and van Strien 2011 Regular Chaotic Dynf. 16 129-54)). In the last two sections of the paper we give some applications to game theory, and finish with posing a version of the Palis conjecture in the context of the class of non-smooth systems studied in this paper. To Jacob Palis on his 70th birthday.

Real-Time Characterization of Materials Degradation Using Leaky Lamb Wave

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shiuh, S.; Bar-Cohen, Y.

1997-01-01

Leaky Lamb wave (LLW) propagation in composite materials has been studied extensively since it was first observed in 1982. The wave is induced using a pitch-catch arrangement and the plate wave modes are detected by searching minima in the reflected spectra.

Performance assessment for the disposal of low-level waste in the 200 West Area Burial Grounds

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wood, M.I.; Khaleel, R.; Rittmann, P.D.

1995-06-01

This document reports the findings of a performance assessment (PA) analysis for the disposal of solid low-level radioactive waste (LLW) in the 200 West Area Low-Level Waste Burial Grounds (LLBG) in the northwest corner of the 200 West Area of the Hanford Site. This PA analysis is required by US Department of Energy (DOE) Order 5820.2A (DOE 1988a) to demonstrate that a given disposal practice is in compliance with a set of performance objectives quantified in the order. These performance objectives are applicable to the disposal of DOE-generated LLW at any DOE-operated site after the finalization of the order inmore » September 1988. At the Hanford Site, DOE, Richland Operations Office (RL) has issued a site-specific supplement to DOE Order 5820.2A, DOE-RL 5820.2A (DOE 1993), which provides additiona I ce objectives that must be satisfied.« less

Taipower`s radioactive waste management program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lee, B.C.C.

1996-09-01

Nuclear safety and radioactive waste management are the two major concerns of nuclear power in Taiwan. Recognizing that it is an issue imbued with political and social-economic concerns, Taipower has established an integrated nuclear backend management system and its associated financial and mechanism. For LLW, the Orchid Island storage facility will play an important role in bridging the gap between on-site storage and final disposal of LLW. Also, on-site interim storage of spent fuel for 40 years or longer will provide Taipower with ample time and flexibility to adopt the suitable alternative of direct disposal or reprocessing. In other words,more » by so exercising interim storage option, Taipower will be in a comfortable position to safely and permanently dispose of radwaste without unduly forgoing the opportunities of adopting better technologies or alternatives. Furthermore, Taipower will spare no efforts to communicate with the general public and make her nuclear backend management activities accountable to them.« less

Real-Time Leaky Lamb Wave Spectrum Measurement and Its Application to NDE of Composites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lih, Shyh-Shiuh; Bar-Cohen, Yoseph

1999-01-01

Numerous analytical and theoretical studies of the behavior of leaky Lamb waves (LLW) in composite materials were documented in the literature. One of the key issues that are constraining the application of this method as a practical tool is the amount of data that needs to be acquired and the slow process that is involved with such experiments. Recently, a methodology that allows quasi real-time acquisition of LLW dispersion data was developed. At each angle of incidence the reflection spectrum is available in real time from the experimental setup and it can be used for rapid detection of the defects. This technique can be used to rapidly acquire the various plate wave modes along various angles of incidence for the characterization of the material elastic properties. The experimental method and data acquisition technique will be described in this paper. Experimental data was used to examine a series of flaws including porosity and delaminations and demonstrated the efficiency of the developed technique.

Analyzing CRISM hyperspectral imagery using PlanetServer.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Figuera, Ramiro Marco; Pham Huu, Bang; Minin, Mikhail; Flahaut, Jessica; Halder, Anik; Rossi, Angelo Pio

2017-04-01

Mineral characterization of planetary surfaces bears great importance for space exploration. In order to perform it, orbital hyperspectral imagery is widely used. In our research we use Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) [1] TRDR L observations with a spectral range of 1 to 4 µm. PlanetServer comprises a server, a web client and a Python client/API. The server side uses the Array DataBase Management System (DBMS) Raster Data Manager (Rasdaman) Community Edition [2]. OGC standards such as the Web Coverage Processing Service (WCPS) [3], an SQL-like language capable to query information along the image cube, are implemented in the PetaScope component [4]. The client side uses NASA's Web World Wind [5] allowing the user to access the data in an intuitive way. The client consists of a globe where all cubes are deployed, a main menu where projections, base maps and RGB combinations are provided, and a plot dock where the spectral information is shown. The RGB combinator tool allows to do band combination such as the CRISM products [6] using WCPS. The spectral information is retrieved using WCPS and shown in the plot dock/widget. The USGS splib06a library [7] is available to compare CRISM vs. laboratory spectra. The Python API provides an environment to create RGB combinations that can be embedded into existing pipelines. All employed libraries and tools are open source and can be easily adapted to other datasets. PlanetServer stands as a promising tool for spectral analysis on planetary bodies. M3/Moon and OMEGA datasets will be soon available. [1] S. Murchie et al., "Compact Connaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)," J. Geophys. Res. E Planets,2007. [2] P. Baumann, A. Dehmel, P. Furtado, R. Ritsch, and N. Widmann, "The multidimensional database system RasDaMan," ACM SIGMOD Rec., vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 575-577, Jun. 1998. [3] P. Baumann, "The OGC web coverage processing service (WCPS) standard," Geoinformatica, vol. 14, no. 4, Jul. 2010. [4] A. Aiordǎchioaie and P. Baumann, "PetaScope: An open-source implementation of the OGC WCS Geo service standards suite," Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. (including Subser. Lect. Notes Artif. Intell. Lect. Notes Bioinformatics), vol. 6187 LNCS, pp. 160-168, Jun. 2010. [5] P. Hogan, C. Maxwell, R. Kim, and T. Gaskins, "World Wind 3D Earth Viewing," Apr. 2007. [6] C. E. Viviano-Beck et al., "Revised CRISM spectral parameters and summary products based on the currently detected mineral diversity on Mars," J. Geophys. Res. E Planets, vol. 119, no. 6, pp. 1403-1431, Jun. 2014. [7] R. N. Clark et al., "USGS digital spectral library splib06a: U.S. Geological Survey, Digital Data Series 231," 2007. [Online]. Available: http://speclab.cr.usgs.gov/spectral.lib06.

How automatic is the musical stroop effect? Commentary on “the musical stroop effect: opening a new avenue to research on automatisms” by l. Grégoire, P. Perruchet, and B. Poulin-Charronnat (Experimental Psychology, 2013, vol. 60, pp. 269–278).

PubMed

Moeller, Birte; Frings, Christian

2014-01-01

Grégoire, Perruchet, and Poulin-Charronnat (2013) investigated a musical variant of the reversed Stroop effect. According to the authors, one big advantage of this variant is that the automaticity of note naming can be better controlled than in other Stroop variants as musicians are very practiced in note reading whereas non-musicians are not. In this comment we argue that at present the exact impact of automaticity in this Stroop variant remains somewhat unclear for at least three reasons, namely due to the type of information that is automatically retrieved when notes are encountered, due to the possible influence of object-based attention, and finally due to the fact that the exact influence of expertise on interference cannot be pinpointed with an extreme group design.

Radioactive waste disposal implications of extending Part IIA of the Environmental Protection Act to cover radioactively contaminated land.

PubMed

Nancarrow, D J; White, M M

2004-03-01

A short study has been carried out of the potential radioactive waste disposal issues associated with the proposed extension of Part IIA of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 to include radioactively contaminated land, where there is no other suitable existing legislation. It was found that there is likely to be an availability problem with respect to disposal at landfills of the radioactive wastes arising from remediation. This is expected to be principally wastes of high volume and low activity (categorised as low level waste (LLW) and very low level waste (VLLW)). The availability problem results from a lack of applications by landfill operators for authorisation to accept LLW wastes for disposal. This is apparently due to perceived adverse publicity associated with the consultation process for authorisation coupled with uncertainty over future liabilities. Disposal of waste as VLLW is limited both by questions over volumes that may be acceptable and, more fundamentally, by the likely alpha activity of wastes (originating from radium and thorium operations). Authorised on-site disposal has had little attention in policy and guidance in recent years, but may have a part to play, especially if considered commercially attractive. Disposal at BNFL's near surface disposal facility for LLW at Drigg is limited to wastes for which there are no practical alternative disposal options (and preference has been given to operational type wastes). Therefore, wastes from the radioactively contaminated land (RCL) regime are not obviously attractive for disposal to Drigg. Illustrative calculations have been performed based on possible volumes and activities of RCL arisings (and assuming Drigg's future volumetric disposal capacity is 950,000 m3). These suggest that wastes arising from implementing the RCL regime, if all disposed to Drigg, would not represent a significant fraction of the volumetric capacity of Drigg, but could have a significant impact on the radiological capacity with respect to 226Ra plus 232Th. The government's decision-making programme for managing solid radioactive wastes in the UK may possibly achieve a general consensus that the use of landfill for LLW from the RCL regime has a fundamental role to play. However, this is unlikely to change the situation within the next few years. No new national facility arising from this programme is likely to be available during the first decade of the operation of a new RCL regime. Hence it appears that Drigg will need to play an important role for some years to come.

Associate Directorate Environmental Management Infrastructure Plan for Area G and Area L Domes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stevens, Patrice Ann; Baumer, Andrew Ronald

Technical Area 54, at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is situated in the east-central portion of the Laboratory on the Mesita del Buey between Pajarito Canyon to the south and Cañada del Buey to the north. TA-54 includes four MDAs designated as G, H, J, and L; a waste characterization, container storage, and transfer facility; active TRU waste and MLLW waste storage and low-level waste (LLW) disposal operations at Area G; active hazardous and mixed low-level (MLLW) waste storage operations at Area L; and administrative and support areas. MDA J has previously under-gone closure. Area G is a waste managementmore » and disposal area, used for the disposal and storage of radioactive wastes since 1957. Since August 2015, Area G has been in warm standby and provides minimal operations to support safety, compliance, and nitrate salt remediation. Located within Area G, MDA G covers 63-acres. MDA G contains 334 active and inactive waste management units, which include 36 pits, 294 shafts, and 4 trenches. In 1971, Area G began use for the retrievable storage of TRU waste. There are two pits, four trenches and 60 shafts that contain retrievable TRU waste. Thirty-three of the shafts contain TRU waste that may present unique problems for retrieval. In 1986, segregation of MLLW was initiated at Area G for treatment and temporary storage or for off-site disposal. Area G is the only active LLW disposal facility at the Laboratory. Current operations at Area G include storage and characterization of TRU and mixed TRU waste destined for off-site disposal at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in southeastern New Mexico and the storage of MLLW destined for off-site treatment and/or disposal. Several above-ground container storage units (CSUs) are currently used for storage of containerized MLLW and/or mixed TRU wastes. These consist of asphalt pads and associated fabric domes or other structures. As defined by the Consent Order, MDA G contains 229 of the 334 subsurface waste management units at Area G. These MDA G disposal units include 32 pits, 193 shafts, and 4 trenches and contain LLW, MLLW and TRU waste. The remaining 105 solid waste management units (SWMUs) include RCRA-regulated landfill and storage units and DOE-regulated LLW disposal units. The TA-54 closure project must ensure that continuing waste operations at Area G and their transition to an interim or enduring facility are coordinated with closure activities.« less

FAA Air Traffic Control Operations Concepts. Volume 3. ISSS (Initial Sector Suite System) En Route Controllers. Change 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-07-29

COM I NL OPERAT I•ORAL A1.4.5.6 CT FS W 0A CC RECEVE FLIGHT PLAN AMENDMENT VERBALLY FORWARDED A1,6.10O.3 - EWIER DISPLAY AE4MN M ESSAGE ON CONSOLE...COITROLLER NOTE x N xNXX 03/09/88 A1.1.8.50 UPDATE! REVISE N 07/05/88 CONTROLLER NOTE DOT/FAAIAP.87-01 (VOL#3) 6 July 1987 B3-4 TASK STATEMENTS Coordinct...TO TRANSIENT ’ I , 0/88 COM ~PUTER FAILURES II XXX 0186 A1.6.5.1 CETECT ’NcJ-A%,EPTAN0E x j I XXXX 05/18/67 OF INPUJTDAiA III A1.6.3.2 !NFCP.M

Further results from PIXE analysis of inks in Galileo's notes on motion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Del Carmine, P.; Giuntini, L.; Hooper, W.; Lucarelli, F.; Mandò, P. A.

1996-06-01

We have recently analysed the inks in some of the folios of Vol. 72 of Manoscritti galileiani, kept at the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze, which contains a collection of loose handwritten sheets containing undated notes, data from experiments and propositions on the problems of motion from different periods of Galileo's life. This paper reports specific results obtained from the analysis of some of these propositions, which allowed to make a contribution to their chronological attribution and therefore to the solution of some historical controversies. Even in the case where the "absolute" chronological attributions could not be made on the basis of comparison with dated documents, the PIXE results provided useful information to deny or confirm the hypothesis that different propositions were written in the same or in different periods.

A Critical Review of the Short Crack Problem in Fatigue

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

crack growth is generally credited to the 1963 publication of Paris and Erdogan [131. They analyzed crack growth data from center cracked panels of a...Analytic Theory of Fatigue", The Trend in Engineering, University of Washington, Vol. 13(l), pp 9-14, 1961. 13. Paris, P. C., and Erdogan , F., "A Critical...Exton, R. J., "Fatigue Crack Initia- tion and Growth in Notched 2024-T3 Speimens Monitored by a Video Tape System", NASA Technical Note No. U-8224

Optimization of Tangential Mass Injection for Minimizing Flow Separation in a Scramjet Inlet

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-01

34 Aerospace EnQineering, Vol. 11. No. 8, August 1991, p.23. 26. Heppenheimer , Thomas A . Lecture notes from Hypersonic Technologies seminar. University...AFIT/GAE/ENY,/9 lD-2 ( /~ AD-A243 868 "DTIC OPTIMIZATION OF TANGENTIAL MASS INJECTION FOR MINIMIZING FLOW SEPARATION IN A SC.R-.MJET INLET THESIS...OF TANGENTIAL MASS INJECTION FOR MINIMIZING FLOW SEPARATION IN A SCRAMJET INLEr THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the School of E.ngineering of the

Teller Award Acceptance Speech (LIRPP Vol. 12)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCrory, Robert L.

2016-10-01

It is indeed an honor to receive an award named for such an accomplished and famous physicist who is present with us today, Dr. Edward Teller. In thinking over what to say on this occasion, I noted that the Teller Award was given for pioneering research in controlled fusion, in controlling fusion for the benefit of mankind. I think everyone in this audience certainly would agree that this lofty goal is truly one of the unconquered, grand challenges in applied physics...

Computational Fluid Dynamics: Algorithms and Supercomputers

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-03-01

1985. 1.2. Pulliam, T., and Steger, J. , Implicit Finite Difference Simulations of Three Dimensional Compressible Flow, AIAA Journal , Vol. 18, No. 2...approaches infinity, assuming N is bounded. The question as to actual performance when M is finite and N varies, is a different matter. (Note: the CYBER...PARTICLE-IN-CELL 9i% 3.b7 j.48 WEATHER FORECAST 98% 3.77 3.55 SEISMIC MIGRATION 98% 3.85 3.45 MONTE CARLO 99% 3.85 3.75 LATTICE GAUGE 100% 4.00 3.77

The Best Defense Is a Good Offense: Conducting Offensive Cyberoperations and the Law of Armed Conflict

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-02-13

Bradley and Goldsmith note that “despite its relatively amorphous nature, CIL [customary international law] has essentially the same binding force under...and Jack L. Goldsmith , Customary International Law as Federal Common Law: A Critique of the Modern Position, Harvard Law Review vol. 110, no. 4: 815...Law Institute, 1989), §102(2). 28 Bradley and Goldsmith , 818, citing Restatement of the Law Third, The Foreign Relations Law of the United States

Experimental Validation of Source Temperature Modulation Via a Thermal Switch in Thermal Energy Harvesting (Preprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

International Journal of Exergy , Vol. 2, No. 2, 2005, pp. 120-145. 8Hoyos, G.E., Rao, K.R., and Jerger, D., “Fast Transient Response of Novel...DATES COVERED (From - To) December 2007 Journal Article Preprint 31 July 2005 – 31 July 2007 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER In-house 5b. GRANT NUMBER 4...distribution unlimited. 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Journal article submitted to the Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer. The U.S. Government is joint

Defending the Human Weapons System Using ORM and the Bioenvironmental Engineer Capabilities

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-04-01

can be found in the combat theater.11 Statistics are difficult to obtain on these type injuries because many are never reported. “It should be noted...population of 750,000 U.S., British, and Canadian Gulf War veterans.7 These statistics were far better than the results of insect borne illness in U.S...DOD, 6 November 1997. Schaefer, Walt, Stress Management for Wellness, ACSC Coursebook Vol. 1, 1999. Skier, Major, “How the BEE can assist in an OSHA

Amplifying the Pacific Climate System Response to a Small 11-Year Solar Cycle Forcing

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-28

www.sciencemag.org SCIENCE VOL 325 28 AUGUST 2009 1117 REPORTS The role of theQuasi-biennial Oscillation ( QBO ) in the response to solar forcing has been noted...in earlier studies (3). A set of experiments with the two WACCM model versions with a prescribed QBO has been carried out, and results from those...those presented here without the QBO , but the prescribed QBO shows improvements in the strato- spheric response compared to observations. Though the

Study of Turbulence by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-10-23

Hepp, and H . A. Weidenmuller (Springer Lecture Notes in Physics, Vol 12, 1972) p. 402. [17] A. Onuki , Phys. Lett. 127, 143 (1988). [18) K. R...of Turbulence", (W. I. Goldburg, P. Tong, and H . K. Pak), Physica D 38 (1989) 134-140. 2. "Scaling Laws in Weak Turbulence", (with H . K. Pak, W. I...Goldburg and P. Tong), (in press). 3. "An Experimental Study of Weak Turbulence", (with H . K. Pak and W. I. Goldburg), "Fluid Dynamics Research" (in

Proceedings of the Tenth Annual National Conference on Ada Technology. Held in Arlington, VA, on February 24-28, 1992

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-02-01

Newsletter, Vol. 5, No. 1, January 1983 be translated from HAL’S. 4. Klumpp, Allan R., An Ada Linear Algebra Software development costs for using the...a linear algebra approach to As noted above, the concept of the problem and address the problem of unitdimensional analysis extends beyond problems...you will join us again next year. The 11th Annual Conference on Ada Technology (1993) will be held here at the Hyatt Regency - Crystal City

77 FR 34229 - Idaho: Final Authorization of State Hazardous Waste Management Program; Revision

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-11

... capability for the disposal of remote-handled low-level radioactive waste ((LLW) generated at the Idaho... (FONSI), for the Remote-Handled Low-Level Radioactive Waste Onsite Disposal (RHLLWOD) on an Environmental... regulating phosphate (mineral processing) plants within the state. In response to this commenter's concerns...

10 CFR 62.1 - Purpose and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (42 U.S.C. 2021) to any non-Federal or regional low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facility or... regional or non-Federal low-level radioactive waste disposal facilities and who submit a request to the... LOW-LEVEL WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES General Provisions § 62.1 Purpose and scope. (a) The regulations...

Solid Waste Information Management System (SWIMS). Data summary, fiscal year 1980

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Batchelder, H. M.

1981-05-01

The solid waste information management system (SWIMS) maintains computerized records on a master data base. It provides a comprehensive system for cataloging and assembling data into output reports. The SWIMS data base contains information on the transuranic (TRU) and low level waste (LLW) generated, buried, or stored.

Defects Detection and Characterization Using Leaky Lamb Wave (LLW) Dispersion Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bar-Cohen, Y.; Mal, A.; Chang, Z.

1998-01-01

Composite materials are being used at a significant level of usage for flaw critical structures and they are taking a growing percentage of the makeup of aircraft and spacecraft. Composite structues are now reaching service duration, for which the issue of aging is requiring adquate attention.

76 FR 51358 - National Nuclear Security Administration Amended Record of Decision: Disposition of Surplus...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-18

...: Disposition of Surplus Highly Enriched Uranium Environmental Impact Statement AGENCY: National Nuclear... decision at that time. The Supplement Analysis analyzed the potential environmental impacts associated with... radioactive waste (LLW). The HEU EIS evaluated the potential environmental impacts of down- blending at up to...

Safety Evaluation of Green Tea Polyphenols Consumption in Middle-aged Ovariectomized Rat Model.

PubMed

Shen, Chwan-Li; Brackee, Gordon; Song, Xiao; Tomison, Michael D; Finckbone, VelvetLee; Mitchell, Kelly T; Tang, Lili; Chyu, Ming-Chien; Dunn, Dale M; Wang, Jia-Sheng

2017-09-01

This work evaluates chronic safety in middle-aged ovariectomized rats supplemented with different dosages of green tea polyphenols (GTP) in drinking water. The experiment used 6-mo-old sham (n = 39) and ovariectomized (OVX, n = 143) female rats. All sham (n = 39) and 39 of the OVX animals received no GTP treatment and their samples were collected for outcome measures at baseline, 3 mo, and 6 mo (n = 13 per group for each). The remaining OVX animals were randomized into 4 groups receiving 0.15%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% (n = 26 for each) of GTP (wt/vol), respectively, in drinking water for 3 and 6 mo. No mortality or abnormal treatment-related findings in clinical observations or ophthalmologic examinations were noted. No treatment-related macroscopic or microscopic findings were noted for animals administered 1.5% GTP supplementation. Throughout the study, there was no difference in the body weight among all OVX groups. In all OVX groups, feed intake and water consumption significantly decreased with GTP dose throughout the study period. At 6 mo, GTP intake did not affect hematology, clinical chemistry, and urinalysis, except for phosphorus and blood urea nitrogen (increased), total cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase, and urine pH (decreased). This study reveals that the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of GTP is 1.5% (wt/vol) in drinking water, the highest dose used in this study. © 2017 Institute of Food Technologists®.

TECHNICAL AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS IN USING FREIGHT CONTAINERS AS INDUSTRIAL PACKAGES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Opperman, E; Mark Hawk, M; Ron Natali, R

2007-10-16

The United States (US) Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Environmental Management (EM), is actively pursuing activities to reduce the radiological risk and clean up the environmental legacy of the nation's nuclear weapons programs. EM has made significant progress in recent years in the clean-up and closure of sites and is also focusing on longer-term activities necessary for the completion of the clean-up program. The packaging and transportation of contaminated demolition debris and low-level waste (LLW) materials in a safe and cost-effective manner are essential in completing this mission. Toward this end, the US Department of Transportation's (DOT) Final Rulemore » on Hazardous Materials Regulation Final Rule issued January 26, 2004, included a new provision authorizing the use of Freight Containers (e.g., 20 and 40-foot ISO Containers) as Industrial Packages Type 1, 2, or 3 (IP-1, IP-2, and IP-3). This paper will discuss the technical and regulatory considerations in using these newly authorized and large packages for the packaging and transportation of LLW materials.« less

Characterization of Greater-Than-Class C sealed sources. Volume 3, Sealed sources held by general licensees

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Harris, G.

1994-09-01

This is the third volume in a series of three volumes characterizing the population of sealed sources that may become greater-than-Class C low-level radioactive waste (GTCC LLW). In this volume, those sources possessed by general licensees are discussed. General-licensed devices may contain sealed sources with significant amounts of radioactive material. However, the devices are designed to be safe to use without special knowledge of radiological safety practices. Devices containing Am-241 or Cm-244 sources are most likely to become GTCC LLW after concentration averaging. This study estimates that there are about 16,000 GTCC devices held by general licensees; 15,000 of thesemore » contain Am-241 sources and 1,000 contain Cm-244 sources. Additionally, this study estimates that there are 1,600 GTCC devices sold to general licensees each year. However, due to a lack of available information on general licensees in Agreement States, these estimates are uncertain. This uncertainty is quantified in the low and high case estimates given in this report, which span approximately an order of magnitude.« less

U.S. Department of Energy Nevada Operations Office Environmental Monitoring Program summary data report, second calendar quarter 1996

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Black, S.C.; Townsend, Y.E.

1997-02-01

The Nevada Test Site (NTS), located in southern Nevada, has been the primary location for testing of nuclear explosives in the continental US. Testing began in 1951 and continued until the moratorium in 1992. Waste storage and disposal facilities for defense radioactive and mixed waste are located in Areas 3 and 5. At the Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site (RWMS-5), low-level wastes (LLW) from US Department of Energy (DOE) affiliated onsite and offsite generators are disposed of using standard shallow land disposal techniques. Transuranic wastes are retrievably stored at the RWMS-5 in containers on a surface pad, pending shipmentmore » to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant facility in New Mexico. Nonradioactive hazardous wastes are accumulated at a special site before shipment to a licensed offsite disposal facility. Non-standard packages of LLW are buried in subsidence craters in the Area 3 RWMS. This report describes these activities on and around the NTS and includes a listing of the results obtained from environmental surveillance activities during the second calendar quarter of 1996.« less

Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of fat-free goat milk yogurt with added stabilizers and skim milk powder fortification.

PubMed

Bruzantin, F P; Daniel, J L P; da Silva, P P M; Spoto, M H F

2016-05-01

Goat milk yogurt has a less consistent coagulum compared with cow milk yogurt; furthermore, the presence of goat milk in foodstuffs imparts a characteristic flavor that can restrict its acceptance by consumers. This study aimed to assess and compare the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of fat-free goat milk yogurts with added stabilizers or bovine skim milk powder to improve the final product. Four treatment additions were evaluated: (1) a mixture of 0.1% (wt/vol) carrageenan and 0.1% (wt/vol) pectin (treatment CR); (2) 0.5% (wt/vol) pectin (treatment PE); (3) 4.65% (wt/vol) bovine skim milk powder (treatment BM); and (4) control (no stabilizer; treatment CT). The physicochemical parameters were investigated at on d 1 and 5 of storage. The BM treatment presented higher pH and titratable acidity values, resulting in a buffering capacity effect. The total crude protein (CP) and solids-not-fat (SNF) contents were also higher in BM compared with the other evaluated treatments because of the addition of bovine skim milk powder. We detected a reduction in pH values for all treatments. Lower SNF contents were present in the CR and CT treatments, which might be related to a syneresis process during storage; moreover, an increase in total CP was observed for all treatments due to the proteolytic action of the starter culture. Sensory attributes, including appearance (color, consistency, and presence of lumps), texture (consistency, viscosity, and presence of lumps), flavor (bitter, sweet, and characteristic of commercial plain nonfat yogurt), and overall impression were evaluated by quantitative descriptive analysis. The addition of 0.5% (wt/vol) of pectin (PE treatment) strengthened the curd; however, the visual and oral presence of lumps and a higher bitterness score were noted by trained panelists, which resulted in the lowest overall impression score for the PE treatment. In several sensory attributes, the CR treatment was considered similar to the control; the mixture of 0.1% (wt/vol) carrageenan and 0.1% (wt/vol) pectin was not as effective as expected. Goat milk yogurt containing added bovine skim milk powder (BM) had improved consistency, viscosity, and flavor due to its higher SNF and total CP contents, which are particularly important for the desirable texture of plain nonfat yogurt. In addition, the BM yogurt was considered to have characteristics most similar to that of available commercial brands and achieved the best score for overall impression. Copyright © 2016 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Characterization and Disposition of Legacy Low-Level Waste at the Y-12 National Security Complex - 12133

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tharp, Tim; Donnelly, Jim

2012-07-01

The Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12) is concluding a multi-year program to characterize and dispose of all legacy low-level waste (LLW). The inventory of legacy waste at Y-12 has been reduced from over 3500 containers in Fiscal Year (FY) 2000 to 6 containers at the end of FY2011. In addition, the site recently eliminated the inventory of other low-level waste that is greater than 365 days old (i.e., >365-Day LLW), to be in full compliance with DOE Order 435.1. A consistent technical characterization approach emerged for both of these populations of backlogged waste: (1) compile existing historical data and processmore » knowledge and conduct interviews with site personnel; (2) inspect the containers and any tags, labels, or other markings to confirm or glean additional data; (3) with appropriate monitoring, open the container, visually inspect and photograph the contents while obtaining preliminary radiological surveys; (4) obtain gross weight and field non-destructive assay (NDA) data as needed; (5) use the non-public Oak Ridge Reservation Haul Road to ship the container to a local offsite vendor for waste sorting and segregation; (6) sort, drain, sample, and remove prohibited items; and (7) compile final data and prepare for shipment to disposal. After disposing of this backlog, the focus has now turned to avoiding the recurrence of this situation by maintaining low inventories of low-level waste and shortening the duration between waste generation and disposal. An enhanced waste tracking system and monthly metric charts are used to monitor and report progress to contractor and federal site office management. During the past 2 years, the average age of LLW onsite at Y-12 has decreased from more than 180 days to less than 60 days. (authors)« less

Antioxidant Depletion and Service Life Prediction for HDPE Geomembranes Exposed to Low-Level Radioactive Waste Leachate

DOE PAGES

Tian, Kuo; Benson, Craig H.; Tinjum, James M.; ...

2017-06-01

Antioxidant depletion was evaluated in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembrane (GM) coupons immersed in radioactive synthetic leachate (RSL) representative of leachate in low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facilities operated by the U.S. Department of Energy’s environmental restoration programs. Depletion was assessed at four temperatures (25, 50, 70, and 90°C). Comparative tests were conducted with nonradioactive synthetic leachate (NSL) having the same chemistry as RSL, except radionuclides were excluded. Control tests were conducted with deionized (DI) water. One-sided exposure tests were also conducted with the HDPE GM in RSL at 70 and 90°C. Specimens were removed periodically and tested to determine antioxidantmore » depletion, melt flow index (MFI), crystallinity, and stress crack resistance. Standard and high-pressure oxidative induction time (OIT) tests were conducted to measure antioxidant depletion. Antioxidant depletion rates in RSL were only slightly greater than those in NSL, indicating that radionuclides in the LLW leachate had only minor effect on antioxidant depletion. Antioxidant depletion in RSL and NSL occurred 1.1–1.9 times faster than in DI water. Antioxidant depletion in HDPE GMs exposed to RSL and NSL at 90°C was complete after 12 months. MFI decreased systematically after 15 months of immersion, which is indicative of crosslinking due to oxidation. Crystallinity also decreased slightly after 12 months, whereas stress crack resistance (SCR) showed no trend over the immersion period. Arrhenius modeling was used to extrapolate the laboratory data at elevated temperatures to a typical LLWliner at 15°C. Predicted time for antioxidant depletion for a 2-mm-thick HDPE GM in a composite liner in contact with LLW leachate is estimated to be 730 years. The total service life of HDPE GMs in contact with LLWleachate is estimated to be at least 1975 years.« less

Antioxidant Depletion and Service Life Prediction for HDPE Geomembranes Exposed to Low-Level Radioactive Waste Leachate

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tian, Kuo; Benson, Craig H.; Tinjum, James M.

Antioxidant depletion was evaluated in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembrane (GM) coupons immersed in radioactive synthetic leachate (RSL) representative of leachate in low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facilities operated by the U.S. Department of Energy’s environmental restoration programs. Depletion was assessed at four temperatures (25, 50, 70, and 90°C). Comparative tests were conducted with nonradioactive synthetic leachate (NSL) having the same chemistry as RSL, except radionuclides were excluded. Control tests were conducted with deionized (DI) water. One-sided exposure tests were also conducted with the HDPE GM in RSL at 70 and 90°C. Specimens were removed periodically and tested to determine antioxidantmore » depletion, melt flow index (MFI), crystallinity, and stress crack resistance. Standard and high-pressure oxidative induction time (OIT) tests were conducted to measure antioxidant depletion. Antioxidant depletion rates in RSL were only slightly greater than those in NSL, indicating that radionuclides in the LLW leachate had only minor effect on antioxidant depletion. Antioxidant depletion in RSL and NSL occurred 1.1–1.9 times faster than in DI water. Antioxidant depletion in HDPE GMs exposed to RSL and NSL at 90°C was complete after 12 months. MFI decreased systematically after 15 months of immersion, which is indicative of crosslinking due to oxidation. Crystallinity also decreased slightly after 12 months, whereas stress crack resistance (SCR) showed no trend over the immersion period. Arrhenius modeling was used to extrapolate the laboratory data at elevated temperatures to a typical LLWliner at 15°C. Predicted time for antioxidant depletion for a 2-mm-thick HDPE GM in a composite liner in contact with LLW leachate is estimated to be 730 years. The total service life of HDPE GMs in contact with LLWleachate is estimated to be at least 1975 years.« less

Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 1, January 2008

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

108.8 138.3 1.26 22.34 Idaho 60 99.8 51.9 1.16 13.40 Montana 69 119.5 49.9 1.38 33.13 New Mexico 72 78.6 79.1 0.91 -7.78 Nevada 96 142.3...May 2004. Note: Completeness and timeliness of reporting vary by facility. Shigella Hepatitis B Varicella Reporting locations Number of reports all... Varicella Reporting locations Number of reports all events† Food-borne Vaccine preventable Campylo- bacter Giardia Salmonella 24 VOL. 15 / NO. 1

Visible Light Emitting Materials and Injection Devices

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

view to preventing the occurrence of faceting in these films. (II) MOCVD growth of II-VI materials (Tim Anderson) (11.1) Growth of novel Zn ZCd SSeI ...E.J. Stofko and R.J, Paff, "Synthesis and some properties of BeTe, BeSe, and BeS", J, Phys, Chem. Soiid. 33 (1972) 501. 2. R. Yamamoto, M . Inoue, K...Technology," SID Seminar Lecture Notes, 1988, Vol. 1 7. R.M. Park, M ,B. Troffer, and C.M. Rouleau, "p-type ZnSe by nitrogen atom beam doping during molecular

Individual-Ion Addressing with Microwave Field Gradients

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-22

Block 13: Supplementary Note © 2013 . Published in Physical Review Letters, Vol. Ed. 0 110, (17) ( 2013 ), ( (17). DoD Components reserve a royalty...2012; published 22 April 2013 ) Individual-qubit addressing is a prerequisite for many instances of quantum information processing. We demonstrate this...to B0. We configure jBMWð0; y; 0Þj ’ 0 PRL 110, 173002 ( 2013 ) P HY S I CA L R EV I EW LE T T E R S week ending 26 APRIL 2013 0031-9007=13=110(17

Preliminary Reports, Memoranda and Technical Notes of the Materials Research Council Summer Conference, La Jolla, CA

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-07-01

1298 (1974); T. Wei, S. Etemad, A. F. Garito and A. J. Heeger, Phys. Lett. 4_5a 269 (1973). G. A. Vhomas, et. al .. Solid State Comm. 0£, 000...C. Beer, Eds. (Academic Press, New York 1975) Vol. 11 (to be published). H. Fetterman et al ., IEEE Trans. MTT-22, 1013 (1974) 8. A. H. Silver...increasing temperature over extensive ranges. Such measure- ments were reported by Johnston et al .?1 for the fast ionic conductor RbAgJ,. Thermal

Wall-crossing between stable and co-stable ADHM data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ohkawa, Ryo

2018-06-01

We prove formula between Nekrasov partition functions defined from stable and co-stable ADHM data for the plane following method by Nakajima and Yoshioka (Kyoto J Math 51(2):263-335, 2011) based on the theory of wall-crossing formula developed by Mochizuki (Donaldson type invariants for algebraic surfaces: transition of moduli stacks, Lecture notes in mathematics, vol 1972, Springer, Berlin, 2009). This formula is similar to conjectures by Ito et al. [J High Energy Phys 2013(5):045, 2013, (4.1), (4.2)] for A1 singularity.

76 FR 65753 - Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact Related to Exemption of Material...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-24

... facility located near Grand View, Idaho. This facility is regulated by the Idaho Department of..., the NRC held a public meeting in the community of Grand View, Idaho, to inform the public and to... disposal facility near Grand View, Idaho. The LLW will be generated as part of decommissioning activities...

Kepler Archive Manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thompson, Susan E.; Fraquelli, Dorothy; Van Cleve, Jeffrey E.; Caldwell, Douglas A.

2016-01-01

A description of Kepler, its design, performance and operational constraints may be found in the Kepler Instrument Handbook (KIH, Van Cleve Caldwell 2016). A description of Kepler calibration and data processing is described in the Kepler Data Processing Handbook (KDPH, Jenkins et al. 2016; Fanelli et al. 2011). Science users should also consult the special ApJ Letters devoted to early Kepler results and mission design (April 2010, ApJL, Vol. 713 L79-L207). Additional technical details regarding the data processing and data qualities can be found in the Kepler Data Characteristics Handbook (KDCH, Christiansen et al. 2013) and the Data Release Notes (DRN). This archive manual specifically documents the file formats, as they exist for the last data release of Kepler, Data Release 25(KSCI-19065-002). The earlier versions of the archive manual and data release notes act as documentation for the earlier versions of the data files.

Numerical simulation of systems of shear bands in ductile metal with inclusions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Plohr, JeeYeon N., E-mail: jplohr@lanl.gov; Plohr, Bradley J.

2016-02-15

We develop a method for numerical simulations of high strain-rate loading of mesoscale samples of ductile metal with inclusions. Because of its small-scale inhomogeneity, the composite material is prone to localized shear deformation (adiabatic shear bands). This method employs the Generalized Method of Cells of Paley and Aboudi [Mech. Materials, vol. 14, pp. 127–139, 1992] to ensure that the micro mechanical behavior of the metal and inclusions is reflected properly in the behavior of the composite at the mesoscale. To find the effective plastic strain rate when shear bands are present, we extend and apply the analytic and numerical analysismore » of shear bands of Glimm, Plohr, and Sharp [Mech. Materials, vol. 24, pp. 31–41, 1996]. Our tests of the method focus on the stress/strain response in uniaxial-strain flow, both compressive and tensile, of depleted uranium metal containing silicon carbide inclusions. We use the Preston-Tonks-Wallace viscoplasticity model [J. Appl. Phys., vol. 93, pp. 211–220, 2003], which applies to the high strain-rate regime of an isotropic viscoplastic solid. In results, we verify the elevated temperature and thermal softening at shear bands in our simulations of pure DU and DU/SiC composites. We also note that in composites, due the asymmetry caused by the inclusions, shear band form at different times in different subcells. In particular, in the subcells near inclusions, shear band form much earlier than they do in pure DU.« less

Numerical simulation of systems of shear bands in ductile metal with inclusions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plohr, JeeYeon N.; Plohr, Bradley J.

2016-02-01

We develop a method for numerical simulations of high strain-rate loading of mesoscale samples of ductile metal with inclusions. Because of its small-scale inhomogeneity, the composite material is prone to localized shear deformation (adiabatic shear bands). This method employs the Generalized Method of Cells of Paley and Aboudi [Mech. Materials, vol. 14, pp. 127-139, 1992] to ensure that the micro mechanical behavior of the metal and inclusions is reflected properly in the behavior of the composite at the mesoscale. To find the effective plastic strain rate when shear bands are present, we extend and apply the analytic and numerical analysis of shear bands of Glimm, Plohr, and Sharp [Mech. Materials, vol. 24, pp. 31-41, 1996]. Our tests of the method focus on the stress/strain response in uniaxial-strain flow, both compressive and tensile, of depleted uranium metal containing silicon carbide inclusions. We use the Preston-Tonks-Wallace viscoplasticity model [J. Appl. Phys., vol. 93, pp. 211-220, 2003], which applies to the high strain-rate regime of an isotropic viscoplastic solid. In results, we verify the elevated temperature and thermal softening at shear bands in our simulations of pure DU and DU/SiC composites. We also note that in composites, due the asymmetry caused by the inclusions, shear band form at different times in different subcells. In particular, in the subcells near inclusions, shear band form much earlier than they do in pure DU.

Computer-Aided Detection of Rapid, Overt, Airborne, Reconnaissance Data with the Capability of Removing Oceanic Noises

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

dl--NA’u•-.llw l"\\l;t.l"t, "’’"~r~ll•t• ·•~r•d "’lcottt~ry oaf"!’@ 11\\•ol\\dorwu"’ Mtb! .ctv• titA Mourtd 1Nl..en.ce l’llntell•eR ~ltl4.nftUt!rlc

Conversion of transuranic waste to low level waste by decontamination: a site specific update

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Allen, R.P.; Hazelton, R.F.

1985-09-01

As a followup to an FY-1984 cost/benefit study, a program was conducted in FY-1985 to transfer to the relevant DOE sites the information and technology for the direct conversion of transuranic (TRU) waste to low-level waste (LLW) by decontamination. As part of this work, the economic evaluation of the various TRUW volume reduction and conversion options was updated and expanded to include site-specific factors. The results show, for the assumptions used, that size reduction, size reduction followed by decontamination, or in situ decontamination are cost effective compared with the no-processing option. The technology transfer activities included site presentations and discussionsmore » with operations and waste management personnel to identify application opportunities and site-specific considerations and constraints that could affect the implementation of TRU waste conversion principles. These discussions disclosed definite potential for the beneficial application of these principles at most of the sites, but also confirmed the existence of site-specific factors ranging from space limitations to LLW disposal restrictions that could preclude particular applications or diminish expected benefits. 8 refs., 2 figs., 4 tabs.« less

Waste Management Facilities Cost Information report for Greater-Than-Class C and DOE equivalent special case waste

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Feizollahi, F.; Shropshire, D.

This Waste Management Facility Cost Information (WMFCI) report for Greater-Than-Class C low-level waste (GTCC LLW) and DOE equivalent special case waste contains preconceptual designs and planning level life-cycle cost (PLCC) estimates for treatment, storage, and disposal facilities needed for management of GTCC LLW and DOE equivalent waste. The report contains information on 16 facilities (referred to as cost modules). These facilities are treatment facility front-end and back-end support functions (administration support, and receiving, preparation, and shipping cost modules); seven treatment concepts (incineration, metal melting, shredding/compaction, solidification, vitrification, metal sizing and decontamination, and wet/air oxidation cost modules); two storage concepts (enclosedmore » vault and silo); disposal facility front-end functions (disposal receiving and inspection cost module); and four disposal concepts (shallow-land, engineered shallow-land, intermediate depth, and deep geological cost modules). Data in this report allow the user to develop PLCC estimates for various waste management options. A procedure to guide the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its contractor personnel in the use of estimating data is also included in this report.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gruetzmacher, Kathleen M.; Bustos, Roland M.; Ferran, Scott G.

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) uses the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) as an off-site disposal facility for low-level waste (LLW), including sludge waste. NNSS has issued a position paper that indicates that systems that are not certified by the Carlsbad Field Office (CBFO) for Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) disposal of Transuranic (TRU) waste must demonstrate equivalent practices to the CBFO certified systems in order to assign activity concentration values to assayed items without adding in the Total Measurement Uncertainty (TMU) when certifying waste for NNSS disposal. Efforts have been made to meet NNSS requirements to accept sludge wastemore » for disposal at their facility. The LANL LLW Characterization Team uses portable high purity germanium (HPGe) detector systems for the nondestructive assay (NDA) of both debris and sludge LLW. A number of performance studies have been conducted historically by LANL to support the efficacy and quality of assay results generated by the LANL HPGe systems, and, while these detector systems are supported by these performance studies and used with LANL approved procedures and processes, they are not certified by CBFO for TRU waste disposal. Beginning in 2009, the LANL LLW Characterization Team undertook additional NDA measurements of both debris and sludge simulated waste containers to supplement existing studies and procedures to demonstrate full compliance with the NNSS position paper. Where possible, Performance Demonstration Project (PDP) drums were used for the waste matrix and PDP sources were used for the radioactive sources. Sludge drums are an example of a matrix with a uniform distribution of contaminants. When attempting to perform a gamma assay of a sludge drum, it is very important to adequately simulate this uniform distribution of radionuclides in order to accurately model the assay results. This was accomplished by using a spiral radial source tube placement in a sludge drum rather than the standard three source tubes seen in debris PDP drums. Available line sources (Eu-152) were placed in the spiral tubes to further accomplish the desired uniform distribution of radionuclides. The standard PDP drum (PDP matrix drum 005) and PDP sources were used to determine the lower limits of detection (LLD) and TMU. Analysis results for the sludge drum matrix case for two HPGe detectors were tabulated and evaluated. NNSS has accepted the methodology and results of the measurements towards demonstrating equivalence to CBFO certified systems. In conclusion, the WES-WGS and CMR-OPS gamma spectroscopy teams at LANL have defined and performed measurements that serve to establish and demonstrate equivalency with the processes used by CBFO certified NDA systems. The supplemental measurements address four key areas in Appendix A of DOE/WIPP-02-3122: Annual Calibration Confirmation and Performance Check measurements; LLD determination; and TMU definition. For these measurements the containers, matrices and activity loadings are selected to represent items being assayed in real LLW cases. The LLD and the TMU bounding measurements are to be performed one time and will not be required to be repeated in future campaigns. The annual calibration and performance check measurements were performed initially and planned to repeat in annual campaigns in order to maintain NNSS certification. PDP sources and a PDP sludge drum as well as Eu-152 line sources and a spiral sludge drum were used for the measurements. In all cases, the results for accuracy and precision (%R and %RSD, respectively) were within allowable ranges as defined by the WIPP PDP program. LLD (or MDC) results were established for all the ten WIPP reportable radionuclides and U-235, and the MDC for Pu-239 was established in all cases to be well under 100 nCi/g. Useful results for reducing estimated uncertainties were established and an interesting unexpected case of high bias was observed and will be applied toward this end. (authors)« less

Generalized Kubo formulas for the transport properties of incommensurate 2D atomic heterostructures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cancès, Eric; Cazeaux, Paul; Luskin, Mitchell

2017-06-01

We give an exact formulation for the transport coefficients of incommensurate two-dimensional atomic multilayer systems in the tight-binding approximation. This formulation is based upon the C* algebra framework introduced by Bellissard and collaborators [Coherent and Dissipative Transport in Aperiodic Solids, Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer, 2003), Vol. 597, pp. 413-486 and J. Math. Phys. 35(10), 5373-5451 (1994)] to study aperiodic solids (disordered crystals, quasicrystals, and amorphous materials), notably in the presence of magnetic fields (quantum Hall effect). We also present numerical approximations and test our methods on a one-dimensional incommensurate bilayer system.

On ``Overestimation-free Computational Version of Interval Analysis''

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Popova, Evgenija D.

2013-10-01

The transformation of interval parameters into trigonometric functions, proposed in Int. J. Comput. Meth. Eng. Sci. Mech., vol. 13, pp. 319-328 (2012), is not motivated in comparison to the infinitely many equivalent algebraic transformations. The conclusions about the efficacy of the methodology used are based on incorrect comparisons between solutions of different problems. We show theoretically, and in the examples considered in the commented article, that changing the number of the parameters in a system of linear algebraic equations may change the initial problem, respectively, its solution set. We also correct various misunderstandings and bugs that appear in the article noted above.

Pairing Heterocyclic Cations with closo-dodecafluorododecaborate (2-) Synthesis of Binary Heterocyclium (1+) Salts and a Ag4(heterocycle)8(4+) Salt of B12F12(2-)

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

10989). 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Journal article published in the Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, Vol. 132, Nov 2011. PA Case Number: 10989...TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code) N/A Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239.18 Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 132 (2011... Fluorine Chemistry jo ur n al h o mep ag e: www .e lsev ier . c om / loc ate / f luo r1. Introduction Eight new binary salts that pair the icosahedral

Changes in particle transport as a result of resonant magnetic perturbations in DIII-D (vol 19, 056503, 2012)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mordijck, S.; Doyle, E. J.; McKee, G. R.

2012-01-01

Publisher s Note: Changes in particle transport as a result of resonant magnetic perturbations in DIII-D [Phys. Plasmas 19, 056503 (2012)]a) In the Invited Papers from the 53rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics of the May 2012 issue of the journal, this article was originally published online and in print in the incorrect section; it was published within Ionospheric, Solar-System and Astrophysical Plasmas (Sec. 65) instead of Magnetically Confined Plasmas, Heating, Confinement (Sec. 61). AIP apologizes for this error. a)

NLC Newsletter

Science.gov Websites

November 2003 Vol. 4 No. 10 - 11 September 2003 Vol. 4 No. 9 August 2003 Vol.4 No. 8 July 2003 Vol.4 No. 7 Vol. 3 No. 9 August 2002 Vol. 3 No. 8 July 2002 Vol. 3 No. 7 June 2002 Vol. 3 No. 6 May 2002 Vol. 3 No . 2 No.10 August 2001 Vol. 2 No. 4 March 2001 Vol. 2 No. 3 February 2001 Vol. 2 No. 2 January 2001 Vol

Relative costs of transporting low-level waste according to four postulated regional-management cases

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilmot, E.L.; Shirley, C.G.

1982-01-01

Results presented in this paper show that almost any compact binding states into cooperating regions for disposal of LLW will reduce nationwide transportation costs markedly. As a corollary, the reduction of costs may reflect a two- to four-fold reduction of transportation distances with consequent reduction of risk to the public since risk generally decreases directly as transport distances decrease.

33 CFR 207.640 - Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel Barge Lock and Approach Canals; use, administration, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NAVIGATION... and the bottom of the lock chamber are −13.0 feet elevation, CofE datum, and usually provides a depth of water ranging from 14.0 feet at LLW to 19.4 feet at HHW, with greater depths during large floods...

Lessons Learned in the Design and Use of IP1 / IP2 Flexible Packaging - 13621

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sanchez, Mike; Reeves, Wendall; Smart, Bill

2013-07-01

For many years in the USA, Low Level Radioactive Waste (LLW), contaminated soils and construction debris, have been transported, interim stored, and disposed of, using IP1 / IP2 metal containers. The performance of these containers has been more than adequate, with few safety occurrences. The containers are used under the regulatory oversight of the US Department of Transportation (DOT), 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). In the late 90's the introduction of flexible packaging for the transport, storage, and disposal of low level contaminated soils and construction debris was introduced. The development of flexible packaging came out of a needmore » for a more cost effective package, for the large volumes of waste generated by the decommissioning of many of the US Department of Energy (DOE) legacy sites across the US. Flexible packaging had to be designed to handle a wide array of waste streams, including soil, gravel, construction debris, and fine particulate dust migration. The design also had to meet all of the IP1 requirements under 49CFR 173.410, and be robust enough to pass the IP2 testing 49 CFR 173.465 required for many LLW shipments. Tens of thousands of flexible packages have been safely deployed and used across the US nuclear industry as well as for hazardous non-radioactive applications, with no recorded release of radioactive materials. To ensure that flexible packages are designed properly, the manufacturer must use lessons learned over the years, and the tests performed to provide evidence that these packages are suitable for transporting low level radioactive wastes. The design and testing of flexible packaging for LLW, VLLW and other hazardous waste streams must be as strict and stringent as the design and testing of metal containers. The design should take into consideration the materials being loaded into the package, and should incorporate the right materials, and manufacturing methods, to provide a quality, safe product. Flexible packaging can be shown to meet the criteria for safe and fit for purpose packaging, by meeting the US DOT regulations, and the IAEA Standards for IP-1 and IP-2 including leak tightness. (authors)« less

Probabilistic Radiological Performance Assessment Modeling and Uncertainty

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tauxe, J.

2004-12-01

A generic probabilistic radiological Performance Assessment (PA) model is presented. The model, built using the GoldSim systems simulation software platform, concerns contaminant transport and dose estimation in support of decision making with uncertainty. Both the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) require assessments of potential future risk to human receptors of disposal of LLW. Commercially operated LLW disposal facilities are licensed by the NRC (or agreement states), and the DOE operates such facilities for disposal of DOE-generated LLW. The type of PA model presented is probabilistic in nature, and hence reflects the current state of knowledge about the site by using probability distributions to capture what is expected (central tendency or average) and the uncertainty (e.g., standard deviation) associated with input parameters, and propagating through the model to arrive at output distributions that reflect expected performance and the overall uncertainty in the system. Estimates of contaminant release rates, concentrations in environmental media, and resulting doses to human receptors well into the future are made by running the model in Monte Carlo fashion, with each realization representing a possible combination of input parameter values. Statistical summaries of the results can be compared to regulatory performance objectives, and decision makers are better informed of the inherently uncertain aspects of the model which supports their decision-making. While this information may make some regulators uncomfortable, they must realize that uncertainties which were hidden in a deterministic analysis are revealed in a probabilistic analysis, and the chance of making a correct decision is now known rather than hoped for. The model includes many typical features and processes that would be part of a PA, but is entirely fictitious. This does not represent any particular site and is meant to be a generic example. A practitioner could, however, start with this model as a GoldSim template and, by adding site specific features and parameter values (distributions), use this model as a starting point for a real model to be used in real decision making.

LLWnotes - Volume 11, Number 3

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-04-01

This document is the April 1996 issue of LLWnotes. It contains articles and news items on the following topics: news items related to states and compacts, Low-Level Radioactive Waste (LLW) Forum activities, and court rulings and calendars. State and compact items featured include Texas licensing procedures, renewal of Envirocare`s license, and Ward Valley. Massachusetts Board suspension of some siting tasks and Massachusetts Court rules for US DOE regarding rebates are also reported.

(Low-level radioactive waste management techniques)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Van Hoesen, S.D.; Kennerly, J.M.; Williams, L.C.

1988-08-08

The US team consisting of representatives of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Savannah River plant (SRP), Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL), and the Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Operations participated in a training program on French low-level radioactive waste (LLW) management techniques. Training in the rigorous waste characterization, acceptance and certification procedures required in France was provided at Agence Nationale pour les Gestion des Dechets Radioactif (ANDRA) offices in Paris.

Dancing with the regulations - Part Deux

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nitschke, R.L.

1995-12-31

The disposal of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) in the United States has long been subjected to two very similar regulations depending upon the location. Disposal sites located on Department of Energy (DOE) Reservations are subject to DOE Order 5820.2A {open_quotes}Radioactive Waste Management,{close_quotes} while disposal sites located elsewhere are subject to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulation 10 CFR 61 {open_quotes}Licensing Requirements for Land Disposal of Radioactive Waste.{close_quotes} While life was not necessarily good, there was only one sheet of music to dance to. Recently a new player, named CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act), has ridden into those DOEmore » towns, and for those whose disposal facilities lie within or adjacent to Superfund sites, she has brought along a different drum to dance to. This paper discusses the differences and similarities between the different dance partners and their associated musical scores (i.e., the performance assessment (PA) required by the DOE order and the baseline risk assessment (BRA) required by CERCLA). The paper then provides a brief discussion on the latest dancer to cut in: the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (DNFSB). This discussion should help to alleviate the confusion while dancing on the LLW disposal regulatory ballroom floor.« less

Quantum error correcting codes and 4-dimensional arithmetic hyperbolic manifolds

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Guth, Larry, E-mail: lguth@math.mit.edu; Lubotzky, Alexander, E-mail: alex.lubotzky@mail.huji.ac.il

2014-08-15

Using 4-dimensional arithmetic hyperbolic manifolds, we construct some new homological quantum error correcting codes. They are low density parity check codes with linear rate and distance n{sup ε}. Their rate is evaluated via Euler characteristic arguments and their distance using Z{sub 2}-systolic geometry. This construction answers a question of Zémor [“On Cayley graphs, surface codes, and the limits of homological coding for quantum error correction,” in Proceedings of Second International Workshop on Coding and Cryptology (IWCC), Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 5557 (2009), pp. 259–273], who asked whether homological codes with such parameters could exist at all.

Nuclear materials 1993 annual report. Volume 8, No. 2

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1995-05-01

This annual report of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission`s Office for Analysis and Evaluation of Operational Data (AEOD) describes activities conducted during 1993. The report is published in two parts. NUREG-1272, Vol. 8, No. 1, covers power reactors and presents an overview of the operating experience of the nuclear power industry from the NRC perspective, including comments about the trends of some key performance measures. The report also includes the principal findings and issues identified in AEOD studies over the past year and summarizes information from such sources as licensee event reports, diagnostic evaluations, and reports to the NRC`s Operationsmore » Center. NUREG-1272, Vol. 8, No. 2, covers nuclear materials and presents a review of the events and concerns during 1993 associated with the use of licensed material in nonreactor applications, such as personnel overexposures and medical misadministrations. Note that the subtitle of No. 2 has been changed from ``Nonreactors`` to ``Nuclear Materials.`` Both reports also contain a discussion of the Incident Investigation Team program and summarize both the Incident Investigation Team and Augmented Inspection Team reports. Each volume contains a list of the AEOD reports issued from 1980 through 1993.« less

Defense Threat Reduction Agency > Research > DTRIAC > DTRIAC Dispatch

Science.gov Websites

@mail.mil with your submissions. DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 5, Issue 3 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 5, Issue 2 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 5, Issue 1 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 4, Issue 1 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 3, Issue 4 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 3, Issue 3 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 3, Issue 2 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol 3, Issue 1 DTRIAC Dispatch - Vol

Flammability limits of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway vent gas in air and the inerting effects of halon 1301

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karp, Matthew Eugene

Lithium-ion (rechargeable) and lithium-metal (non-rechargeable) battery cells put aircraft at risk of igniting and fueling fires. Lithium batteries can be packed in bulk and shipped in the cargo holds of freighter aircraft; currently lithium batteries are banned from bulk shipment on passenger aircraft [1]. The federally regulated Class C cargo compartment extinguishing system's utilization of a 5 %vol Halon 1301 knockdown concentration and a sustained 3 %vol Halon 1301 may not be sufficient at inerting lithium-ion battery vent gas and air mixtures [2]. At 5 %vol Halon 1301 the flammability limits of lithium-ion premixed battery vent gas (Li-Ion pBVG) in air range from 13.80 %vol to 26.07 %vol Li-Ion pBVG. Testing suggests that 8.59 %vol Halon 1301 is required to render all ratios of the Li-Ion pBVG in air inert. The lower flammability limit (LFL) and upper flammability limit (UFL) of hydrogen and air mixtures are 4.95 %vol and 76.52 %vol hydrogen, respectively. With the addition of 10 %vol and 20 %vol Halon 1301 the LFL is 9.02 %vol and 11.55 %vol hydrogen, respectively, and the UFL is 45.70 %vol and 28.39 %vol hydrogen, respectively. The minimum inerting concentration (MIC) of Halon 1301 in hydrogen and air mixtures is 26.72 %vol Halon 1301 at 16.2 %vol hydrogen. The LFL and UFL of Li-Ion pBVG and air mixtures are 7.88 %vol and 37.14 %vol Li-Ion pBVG, respectively. With the addition of 5 %vol, 7 %vol, and 8 %vol Halon 1301 the LFL is 13.80 %vol, 16.15 %vol, and 17.62 % vol Li-Ion pBVG, respectively, and the UFL is 26.07 %vol, 23.31 %vol, and 21.84 %vol Li- Ion pBVG, respectively. The MIC of Halon 1301 in Li-Ion pBVG and air mixtures is 8.59 %vol Halon 1301 at 19.52 %vol Li-Ion pBVG. Le Chatelier's mixing rule has been shown to be an effective measure for estimating the flammability limits of Li-Ion pBVGes. The LFL has a 1.79 % difference while the UFL has a 4.53 % difference. The state of charge (SOC) affects the flammability limits in an apparent parabolic manner, where the widest flammability limits are at or near 100 % SOC. [1] IATA. Lithium Battery Guidance Document. 7 Jan. 2016. Guidance for complying with provisions applicable to the transport by air of lithium batteries as set out in the 57th Edition of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR). [2] Webster, Harry. Flammability assessment of bulk-packed, rechargeable lithium-ion cells in transport category aircraft. Office of Aviation Research, Federal Aviation Administration, 2006.

Site Selection for the Disposal of LLW in Taiwan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chuang, W.S.; Chi, L.M.; Tien, N.C.

2006-07-01

This paper presents the implementation status of the low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal program in Taiwan, including the disposal facility regulations, status of waste management, final disposal program, licensing procedures, waste acceptance criteria, site selection criteria and processes and preliminary disposal concepts. The first phase of site selection for low-level radioactive waste final disposal in Taiwan was implemented between 1992 and 2002. The site selection process adopted a Geographic Information System (GIS), Hierarchical Analysis System, Expert Evaluation System, and site reconnaissance. An incentive program for voluntary sites was also initiated. After a series of evaluations and discussion of 30 potentialmore » candidate sites, including 8 recommended sites, 5 qualified voluntary townships, and several remote uninhabited small islets, Hsiao-chiou islet was selected as the first priority candidate site in February 1998. The geological investigation work in Hsiao-chiou was conducted from March 1999 through October 2000. An Environmental Impact Statement Report (EIS) and the Investment Feasibility Study Report (IFS) were submitted to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in November 2000 and to the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) in June 2001, respectively. Unfortunately, the site investigation was discontinued in 2002 due to political and public acceptance consideration. After years of planning, the second phase of the site selection process was launched in August 2004 and will be conducted through 2008. It is planned that a repository will be constructed in early 2009 and start to operate in 2014. The site selection process for the second phase is based on the earlier work and four potential candidate sites were selected for evaluation until 2005. A near surface disposal concept is proposed for a site located in the Taiwan strait, and cavern disposal concepts are proposed for three other sites located on the main island. This paper presents the implementation status of the LLW disposal program in Taiwan, including the disposal facility regulations, status of waste management, final disposal program, licensing procedures, waste acceptance criteria, site selection criteria and processes, and preliminary disposal concepts 'NIMBY' (Not in my backyard) is a critical problem for implementation of the final disposal project. Resistance from local communities has been continuously received during site characterization. To overcome this, an incentive program to encourage community acceptance has been approved by the Government. Programs for community promotion are being proposed and negotiations are also underway. (authors)« less

Chemical Reactions in Turbulent Mixing Flows

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-09-14

explored Reynolds number effects on turbulent flame length and the influence of buoyancy on turbulent jet flames; 2. completion of a thesis entitled...the dependence of flame length on Reynolds number was begun, and the issue of buoyancy was investigated. L._Lw~ Pt-lO%Rh 2 ൡ g rn wire Flame L ZoneY...105. The flame length at a given Reynolds number was determined from the time-averaged, line- integrated temperature measurements performed by the cold

Performance assessment for continuing and future operations at solid waste storage area 6

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1997-09-01

This revised performance assessment (PA) for the continued disposal operations at Solid Waste Storage Area (SWSA) 6 on the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) has been prepared to demonstrate compliance with the performance objectives for low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal contained in the US Department of Energy (DOE) Order 5820.2A. This revised PA considers disposal operations conducted from September 26, 1988, through the projects lifetime of the disposal facility.

Statement of Operational Requirements (SOR): Guidance for Creating an SOR for Less Lethal Weapons

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-12-01

Canadian Police Research Centre (CPRC) and managed by Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) under the Centre for Security Science (CSS...telle que représentée par le ministre de la Défense nationale, 2011 Abstract …….. In recent years, Canadian law enforcement has attracted increased...initial step towards the creation of a Canadian Less Lethal Weapon (LLW) approval process, a workshop was held at Defence Research and Development

Waste receiving and processing facility module 1 data management system software project management plan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Clark, R.E.

1994-11-02

This document provides the software development plan for the Waste Receiving and Processing (WRAP) Module 1 Data Management System (DMS). The DMS is one of the plant computer systems for the new WRAP 1 facility (Project W-026). The DMS will collect, store, and report data required to certify the low level waste (LLW) and transuranic (TRU) waste items processed at WRAP 1 as acceptable for shipment, storage, or disposal.

Experiment on the Effects of Storage Duration of Biodiesel produced from Crude Palm Oil, Waste Cooking oil and Jatropha

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nanihar, Nadiarulah; Khalid, Amir; Mustaffa, Norrizal; Jaat, Norrizam; Sapit, Azwan; Razali, Azahari; Sunar, Norshuhaila Mohamed

2017-10-01

Biodiesel based on vegetable oil is an alternative that had various advantage in term of sustainability and environmental attractive compare to others conventional diesel. Biodiesel is product of any fat or oil that derived from any organic sources through a refinery process called transesterification process. This research investigates the effects of storage duration and variant ambient condition on the biodiesel properties and characteristics. In this study, there are three types of blending which is 5vol% blends ( 5vol% plant oil 95vol% diesel), 10vol% blending (10vol% plant oil and 90vol% diesel) and 15vol% blending (15vol% plant oil and 85vol% diesel) each called CPO5 (crude palm oil 5vol%), CPO10 (crude palm oil 10vol%),CPO15 (crude palm oil 15vol%), JO5 (jatropha oil 5vol%), JO10 (jatropha oil 10vol%),and JO15 (jatropha oil 15vol%) respectively. Biodiesel samples were stored at indoor condition and outdoor condition for a 3 months period. The fuel properties such as acid value, viscosity, density, water content and flash point are observed with the laboratory instrument. Flash point value and water content increased under both of indoor and outdoor condition and a steady data for viscosity and density. However, acid value at indoor condition nearly constant but increased dramatically for outdoor condition over the time.

Disposal of LLW and ILW in Germany - Characterisation and Documentation of Waste Packages with Respect to the Change of Requirements

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bandt, G.; Spicher, G.; Steyer, St.

2008-07-01

Since the 1998 termination of LLW and ILW emplacement in the Morsleben repository (ERAM), Germany, the treatment, conditioning and documentation of radioactive waste products and packages have been continued on the basis of the waste acceptance requirements as of 1995, prepared for the Konrad repository near Salzgitter in Lower Saxony, Germany. The resulting waste products and packages are stored in interim storage facilities. Due to the Konrad license issued in 2002 the waste acceptance requirements have to be completed by additional requirements imposed by the licensing authority, e. g. for the declaration of chemical waste package constituents. Therefore, documentation ofmore » waste products and packages which are checked by independent experts and are in parts approved by the responsible authority (Office for Radiation Protection, BfS) up to now will have to be checked again for fulfilling the final waste acceptance requirements prior to disposal. In order to simplify these additional checks, databases are used to ensure an easy access to all known facts about the waste packages. A short balance of the existing waste products and packages which are already checked and partly approved by BfS as well as an overview on the established databases ensuring a fast access to the known facts about the conditioning processes is presented. (authors)« less

Greater-than-Class C low-level radioactive waste shipping package/container identification and requirements study. National Low-Level Waste Management Program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tyacke, M.

1993-08-01

This report identifies a variety of shipping packages (also referred to as casks) and waste containers currently available or being developed that could be used for greater-than-Class C (GTCC) low-level waste (LLW). Since GTCC LLW varies greatly in size, shape, and activity levels, the casks and waste containers that could be used range in size from small, to accommodate a single sealed radiation source, to very large-capacity casks/canisters used to transport or dry-store highly radioactive spent fuel. In some cases, the waste containers may serve directly as shipping packages, while in other cases, the containers would need to be placedmore » in a transport cask. For the purpose of this report, it is assumed that the generator is responsible for transporting the waste to a Department of Energy (DOE) storage, treatment, or disposal facility. Unless DOE establishes specific acceptance criteria, the receiving facility would need the capability to accept any of the casks and waste containers identified in this report. In identifying potential casks and waste containers, no consideration was given to their adequacy relative to handling, storage, treatment, and disposal. Those considerations must be addressed separately as the capabilities of the receiving facility and the handling requirements and operations are better understood.« less

Room temperature elastic properties of Rh-based alloys studied by surface Brillouin scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sumanya, C.; Mathe, B. A.; Comins, J. D.; Every, A. G.; Osawa, M.; Harada, H.

2014-10-01

Platinum metal group alloys are promising materials for use in a new generation of gas turbine engines owing to their excellent high-temperature properties. In the present work, room temperature elastic properties of single crystals of Rh3Nb and Rh3Zr are investigated. Surface Brillouin scattering spectra for a range of wave vector directions on the (001) surface have been acquired in order to determine the angular variation of the velocities of the Rayleigh and pseudo-surface acoustic waves and that of the longitudinal lateral wave (LLW) threshold within the Lamb shoulder. The elastic stiffness constants C11, C12, and C44 of these cubic crystal specimens have been derived using two approaches: the first involving the least-squares fit of the combined measured wave velocity data to calculated values and the second an analytical approach using the Rayleigh velocities in the [100] and [110] directions and LLW velocity in the [100] direction, and extracting the elastic stiffness constants from the secular equations for these velocities. Results from the two methods are in good agreement and are for Rh3Nb, C11 = 368 ± 3, C12 = 186 ± 5, and C44 = 161 ± 3 in GPa; and for Rh3Zr, C11 = 329 ± 4, C12 = 185 ± 6, and C44 = 145 ± 4 in GPa.

Dynamics of two-strain influenza model with cross-immunity and no quarantine class.

PubMed

Chung, K W; Lui, Roger

2016-12-01

The question about whether a periodic solution can exists for a given epidemiological model is a complicated one and has a long history (Hethcote and Levin, Applied math. ecology, biomathematics, vol 18. Springer, Berlin, pp 193-211, 1989). For influenza models, it is well known that a periodic solution can exists for a single-strain model with periodic contact rate (Aron and Schwartz, J Math Biol 110:665-679, 1984; Kuznetsov and Piccardi, J Math Biol 32:109-121, 1994), or a multiple-strain model with cross-immunity and quarantine class or age-structure (Nuño et al., Mathematical epidemiology. Lecture notes in mathematics, vol 1945. Springer, Berlin, 2008, chapter 13). In this paper, we prove the local asymptotic stability of the interior steady-state of a two-strain influenza model with sufficiently close cross-immunity and no quarantine class or age-structure. We also show that if the cross-immunity between two strains are far apart; then it is possible for the interior steady-state to lose its stability and bifurcation of periodic solutions can occur. Our results extend those obtained by Nuño et.al. (SIAM J Appl Math 65:964-982, 2005). This problem is important because understanding the reasons behind periodic outbreaks of seasonal flu is an important issue in public health.

Economic analysis of recycling contaminated concrete

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stephen, A.; Ayers, K.W.; Boren, J.K.

1997-02-01

Decontamination and Decommissioning activities in the DOE complex generate large volumes of radioactively contaminated and uncontaminated concrete. Currently, this concrete is usually decontaminated, the contaminated waste is disposed of in a LLW facility and the decontaminated concrete is placed in C&D landfills. A number of alternatives to this practice are available including recycling of the concrete. Cost estimates for six alternatives were developed using a spreadsheet model. The results of this analysis show that recycling alternatives are at least as economical as current practice.

Installation Restoration Program. Phase II. Problem Confirmation Study, Westover AFB, Chicopee, Massachusetts.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-01

surrogate halocarbons. A 10.2 Calibrate the system daily as Agency. combination of bromochloromethane, described in Section 7. 2-bromo- 1 - chloropropane ...CHESTER PH MAY 84 UNCLASSIFIED F336 iS-80-D-4-86 F/G 5/ 1 NL I l/hlhh..E/hhE mhh~hhElhElhhI mhhmhmmhhmhl Iflf lllflflflflfllfl mhhhhhmhhmmhhu Llw 111112...w1L 1 6 MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART NATIONIAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS- 1963-A Installation Restoration Proaram AD-A 145 352 * Final Report Phase 11

Flight Experience, Risk Taking, and Hazardous Attitudes in Glider Instructors (Experience de vol, Prise de Risque et Attitudes Dangereuses des Instructeurs de vol sur Planeur)

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-01

sur planeur . On a également examiné le rôle que jouent l’expérience de vol et la propension à prendre des risques dans le but d’anticiper les...données transversales, obtenues par l’observation de 144 instructeurs de vol sur planeur , en activité ou non, œuvrant dans cinq centres de vol à...137 Sommaire ..... Expérience de vol, prise de risque et attitudes dangereuses des instructeurs de vol sur planeur Ann-Renee Blais

Simulating Radar Signals for Detection Performance Evaluation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-02-01

defined by g = e-(aO/e 3dB) 2 (70) where a = 1.6651 and 0 3dB Is the one-way half-power heamwidth, we note that from (60) and (68) a=( 03dB) 2 , ( 71 ...8217erform;ice of Some Nonparametric Rank Tests and an Alpplication to Radar," JEEE ’’ra.. Information Theory , Vol. IT-16, pp 309- 318 (c!;pecjally Section...V1 1 1 C . fl I V IC ’A It N FI (.LLTrif -I~d P’LE (,%I I CiRCS-SE CT IC& AREA C vu I$1 i rKI I %1 : 111. C I -PjI Ik ~I G%ft- 71 -Y: I I LAl. I J10F

Asymmetric skew Bessel processes and their applications to finance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Decamps, Marc; Goovaerts, Marc; Schoutens, Wim

2006-02-01

In this paper, we extend the Harrison and Shepp's construction of the skew Brownian motion (1981) and we obtain a diffusion similar to the two-dimensional Bessel process with speed and scale densities discontinuous at one point. Natural generalizations to multi-dimensional and fractional order Bessel processes are then discussed as well as invariance properties. We call this family of diffusions asymmetric skew Bessel processes in opposition to skew Bessel processes as defined in Barlow et al. [On Walsh's Brownian motions, Seminaire de Probabilities XXIII, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1372, Springer, Berlin, New York, 1989, pp. 275-293]. We present factorizations involving (asymmetric skew) Bessel processes with random time. Finally, applications to the valuation of perpetuities and Asian options are proposed.

A West Valley Demonstration Project Milestone - Achieving Certification to Ship Waste to the Nevada Test Site

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jackson, J. P.; Pastor, R. S.

2002-02-28

The West Valley Demonstration Project (WVDP) has successfully pretreated and vitrified nearly all of the 600,000 gallons of liquid high-level radioactive waste that was generated at the site of the only commercial nuclear fuel reprocessing plant to have operated in the United States. Low-level waste (LLW) generated during the course of the cleanup effort now requires disposal. Currently the WVDP only ships Class A LLW for off-site disposal. It has been shipping Class A wastes to Envirocare of Utah, Inc. since 1997. However, the WVDP may also have a future need to ship Class B and Class C waste, whichmore » Envirocare is not currently authorized to accept. The Nevada Test Site (NTS), a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facility, can accept all three waste classifications. The WVDP set a goal to receive certification to begin shipping Class A wastes to NTS by 2001. Formal certification/approval was granted by the DOE Nevada Operations Office on July 12, 2001. This paper discusses how the WVDP contractor, West Valley Nuclear Services Company (WVNSCO), completed the activities required to achieve NTS certification in 2001 to ship waste to its facility. The information and lessons learned provided are significant because the WVDP is the only new generator receiving certification based on an NTS audit in January 2001 that resulted in no findings and only two observations--a rating that is unparalleled in the DOE Complex.« less

Low-Level Waste Regulation: Putting Principles Into Practice - 13297 - The Richard S. Hodes, M.D., Honor Lecture Award

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kennedy, James E.

2013-07-01

In carrying out its mission to ensure the safe use of radioactive materials for beneficial civilian purposes while protecting people and the environment, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) adheres to its Principles of Good Regulation. The Principles-Independence, Openness, Efficiency, Clarity, and Reliability-apply to the agency as a whole in its decision-making and to the individual conduct of NRC employees. This paper describes the application of the Principles in a real-life staff activity, a guidance document used in the NRC's low-level radioactive waste (LLW) program, the Concentration Averaging and Encapsulation Branch Technical Position (CA BTP). The staff's process to revisemore » the document, as well as the final content of the document, were influenced by following the Principles. For example, consistent with the Openness Principle, the staff conducted a number of outreach activities and received many comments on three drafts of the document. Stakeholder comments affected the final staff positions in some cases. The revised CA BTP, once implemented, is expected to improve management and disposal of LLW in the United States. Its positions have an improved nexus to health and safety; are more performance-based than previously, thus providing licensees with options for how they achieve the required outcome of protecting an inadvertent human intruder into a disposal facility; and provide for disposal of more sealed radioactive sources, which are a potential threat to national security. (author)« less

A quantitative method for estimating dermal benzene absorption from benzene-containing hydrocarbon liquids.

PubMed

Petty, Stephen E; Nicas, Mark; Boiarski, Anthony A

2011-01-01

This study examines a method for estimating the dermal absorption of benzene contained in hydrocarbon liquids that contact the skin. This method applies to crude oil, gasoline, organic solvents, penetrants, and oils. The flux of benzene through occluded skin as a function of the percent vol/vol benzene in the liquid is derived by fitting a curve to experimental data; the function is supralinear at benzene concentrations < or = 5% vol/vol. When a liquid other than pure benzene is on nonoccluded skin, benzene may preferentially evaporate from the liquid, which thereby decreases the benzene flux. We present a time-averaging method here for estimating the reduced dermal flux during evaporation. Example calculations are presented for benzene at 2% vol/vol in gasoline, and for benzene at 0.1% vol/vol in a less volatile liquid. We also discuss other factors affecting dermal absorption.

Blood Program in World War II. Medical Department, United States Army

DTIC Science & Technology

1964-01-01

Branch Lieutenant Colonel JEROME RUDBERG, MSC, USA, Chief, Information Activities Branch RODERICK M. ENGERT, Chief, General Reference and Research... Activities of Medical Consultants Vol. II. Infectious Diseases Preventive Medicine in World War II: Vol. II. Environmental Hygiene Vol. III. Personal...Other Than Malaria Vr VIII Surgery in World War II: Activities of Surgical Consultants, vol. I Activities of Surgical Consultants, vol. II General

On Some Algebraic and Combinatorial Properties of Dunkl Elements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kirillov, Anatol N.

2013-06-01

We introduce and study a certain class of nonhomogeneous quadratic algebras together with the special set of mutually commuting elements inside of each, the so-called Dunkl elements. We describe relations among the Dunkl elements. This result is a further generalization of similar results obtained in [S. Fomin and A. N. Kirillov, Quadratic algebras, Dunkl elements and Schubert calculus, in Advances in Geometry (eds. J.-S. Brylinski, V. Nistor, B. Tsygan and P. Xu), Progress in Math. Vol. 172 (Birkhäuser Boston, Boston, 1995), pp. 147-182, A. Postnikov, On a quantum version of Pieri's formula, in Advances in Geometry (eds. J.-S. Brylinski, R. Brylinski, V. Nistor, B. Tsygan and P. Xu), Progress in Math. Vol. 172 (Birkhäuser Boston, 1995), pp. 371-383 and A. N. Kirillov and T. Maenor, A Note on Quantum K-Theory of Flag Varieties, preprint]. As an application we describe explicitly the set of relations among the Gaudin elements in the group ring of the symmetric group, cf. [E. Mukhin, V. Tarasov and A. Varchenko, Bethe Subalgebras of the Group Algebra of the Symmetric Group, preprint arXiv:1004.4248]. Also we describe a few combinatorial properties of some special elements in the associative quasi-classical Yang-Baxter algebra in a connection with the values of the β-Grothendieck polynomials for some special permutations, and on the other hand, with the Ehrhart polynomial of the Chan-Robbins polytope.

On Some Algebraic and Combinatorial Properties of Dunkl Elements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kirillov, Anatol N.

2012-11-01

We introduce and study a certain class of nonhomogeneous quadratic algebras together with the special set of mutually commuting elements inside of each, the so-called Dunkl elements. We describe relations among the Dunkl elements. This result is a further generalization of similar results obtained in [S. Fomin and A. N. Kirillov, Quadratic algebras, Dunkl elements and Schubert calculus, in Advances in Geometry (eds. J.-S. Brylinski, V. Nistor, B. Tsygan and P. Xu), Progress in Math. Vol. 172 (Birkhäuser Boston, Boston, 1995), pp. 147-182, A. Postnikov, On a quantum version of Pieri's formula, in Advances in Geometry (eds. J.-S. Brylinski, R. Brylinski, V. Nistor, B. Tsygan and P. Xu), Progress in Math. Vol. 172 (Birkhäuser Boston, 1995), pp. 371-383 and A. N. Kirillov and T. Maenor, A Note on Quantum K-Theory of Flag Varieties, preprint]. As an application we describe explicitly the set of relations among the Gaudin elements in the group ring of the symmetric group, cf. [E. Mukhin, V. Tarasov and A. Varchenko, Bethe Subalgebras of the Group Algebra of the Symmetric Group, preprint arXiv:1004.4248]. Also we describe a few combinatorial properties of some special elements in the associative quasi-classical Yang-Baxter algebra in a connection with the values of the β-Grothendieck polynomials for some special permutations, and on the other hand, with the Ehrhart polynomial of the Chan-Robbins polytope.

Model tracking system for low-level radioactive waste disposal facilities: License application interrogatories and responses

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Benbennick, M.E.; Broton, M.S.; Fuoto, J.S.

This report describes a model tracking system for a low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facility license application. In particular, the model tracks interrogatories (questions, requests for information, comments) and responses. A set of requirements and desired features for the model tracking system was developed, including required structure and computer screens. Nine tracking systems were then reviewed against the model system requirements and only two were found to meet all requirements. Using Kepner-Tregoe decision analysis, a model tracking system was selected.

NEVADA TEST SITE WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA, JUNE 2006

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY ADMINISTRATION NEVADA SITE OFFICE

This document establishes the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office (NNSA/NSO) waste acceptance criteria (WAC). The WAC provides the requirements, terms, and conditions under which the Nevada Test Site (NTS) will accept low-level radioactive (LLW) and mixed waste (MW) for disposal. It includes requirements for the generator waste certification program, characterization, traceability, waste form, packaging, and transfer. The criteria apply to radioactive waste received at the NTS Area 3 and Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) for storage or disposal.

Nevada Test Site Waste Acceptance Criteria

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

U. S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office

This document establishes the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office (NNSA/NSO) waste acceptance criteria (WAC). The WAC provides the requirements, terms, and conditions under which the Nevada Test Site (NTS) will accept low-level radioactive (LLW) and mixed waste (MW) for disposal. It includes requirements for the generator waste certification program, characterization, traceability, waste form, packaging, and transfer. The criteria apply to radioactive waste received at the NTS Area 3 and Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) for storage or disposal.

Glass science tutorial: Lecture No. 7, Waste glass technology for Hanford

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kruger, A.A.

1995-07-01

This paper presents the details of the waste glass tutorial session that was held to promote knowledge of waste glass technology and how this can be used at the Hanford Reservation. Topics discussed include: glass properties; statistical approach to glass development; processing properties of nuclear waste glass; glass composition and the effects of composition on durability; model comparisons of free energy of hydration; LLW glass structure; glass crystallization; amorphous phase separation; corrosion of refractories and electrodes in waste glass melters; and glass formulation for maximum waste loading.

Radioactive Wastes.

PubMed

Choudri, B S; Charabi, Yassine; Baawain, Mahad; Ahmed, Mushtaque

2017-10-01

Papers reviewed herein present a general overview of radioactive waste related activities around the world in 2016. The current reveiw include studies related to safety assessments, decommission and decontamination of nuclear facilities, fusion facilities, transportation. Further, the review highlights on management solutions for the final disposal of low and high level radioactive wastes (LLW and HLW), interim storage and final disposal options for spent fuel (SF), and tritiated wastes, with a focus on environmental impacts due to the mobility of radionuclides in ecosystem, water and soil alongwith other progress made in the management of radioactive wastes.

40 CFR 80.82 - Butane blending.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...% aromatics≤2.0 vol% benzene≤0.03 vol% sulfur≤140 ppm until December 31, 2003; ≤120 ppm in 2004; ≤30 ppm... results demonstrate the butane has the following properties: olefins≤10.0 vol% aromatics≤2.0 vol% benzene...

40 CFR 80.82 - Butane blending.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...% aromatics≤2.0 vol% benzene≤0.03 vol% sulfur≤140 ppm until December 31, 2003; ≤120 ppm in 2004; ≤30 ppm... results demonstrate the butane has the following properties: olefins≤10.0 vol% aromatics≤2.0 vol% benzene...

Submillimeter mapping of mesospheric minor species on Venus with ALMA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Encrenaz, T.; Moreno, R.; Moullet, A.; Lellouch, E.; Fouchet, T.

2015-08-01

Millimeter and submillimeter heterodyne spectroscopy offers the possibility of probing the mesosphere of Venus and monitoring minor species and winds. ALMA presents a unique opportunity to map mesospheric species of Venus. During Cycle 0, we have observed Venus on November 14 and 15, 2011, using the compact configuration of ALMA. The diameter of Venus was 11″ and the illumination factor was about 90%. Maps of CO, SO, SO2 and HDO have been built from transitions recorded in the 335-347 GHz frequency range. A mean mesospheric thermal profile has been inferred from the analysis of the CO transition at the disk center, to be used in support of minor species retrieval. Maps of SO and SO2 abundance show significant local variations over the disk and contrast variations by as much as a factor 4. In the case of SO2, the spatial distribution appears more "patchy", i.e. shows short-scale structures apparently disconnected from day-side and latitudinal variations. For both molecules, significant changes occur over a timescale of one day. From the disk averaged spectrum of SO recorded on November 14 at 346.528 GHz, we find that the best fit is obtained with a cutoff in the SO vertical distribution at 88±2 km and a uniform mixing ratio of 8.0±2.0 ppb above this level. The SO2 map of November 14, derived from the weaker transition at 346.652 GHz, shows a clear maximum in the morning side at low latitudes, which is less visible in the map of November 15. We find that the best fit for SO2 is obtained for a cutoff in the vertical distribution at 88±3 km and a uniform mixing ratio of 12.0±3.5 ppb above this level. The HDO maps retrieved from the 335.395 GHz show some enhancement in the northern hemisphere, but less contrasted variations than for the sulfur species maps, with little change between November 14 and 15. Assuming a typical D/H ratio of 200 times the terrestrial value in the mesosphere of Venus, we find that the disk averaged HDO spectrum is best fitted with a uniform H2O mixing ratio of 2.5±0.6 ppm (corresponding to a HDO mixing ratio of 0.165±0.040 ppm). We note that our spectrum is also compatible with a H2O mixing ratio of 1.5 ppm in the 80-90 km altitude range, and a mixing ratio of 3 ppm outside this range, as suggested by the photochemical model of Zhang et al. (2012, Icarus, vol. 217, pp. 714-739). Our results are in good general agreement with previous single dish submillimeter observations of Sandor and Clancy (2005, Icarus, vol. 177, pp. 129-143), Gurwell et al. (2007, Icarus, vol. 188, p. 288), and Sandor et al. (2010, Icarus, vol. 208, pp. 49-60; 2012, Icarus, vol. 217, pp. 839-844) and with SPICAV/Venus Express results of Fedorova et al. (2008, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 113, p. E00B25) and Belyaev et al. (2012).

Surgery in World War II. Orthopedic Surgery in the Zone of Interior

DTIC Science & Technology

1970-01-01

General Reference and Research Branch ROSE C. ENGELMAN, Ph. D., Chief, Historians Branch GERALDINE B. SITES, Chief, Information Activities Branch Major...SERIES Internal Medicine in World War II: Vol. I. Activities of Medical Consultants Vol. II. Infectious Diseases Vol. III. Infectious Diseases and General...Arthropodborne Diseases Other Than Malaria Vol. IX. Special Fields Surgery in World War II: Activities of Surgical Consultants, vol. I Activities of Surgical

Jeremy Bentham's essay on "Paederasty". Part 2.

PubMed

Crompton, L

1978-01-01

This is Part 2 of a transcription of Bentham's manuscript essay on "Paederasty" (1785), Part 1 of which appeared in Vol. 3, No. 4. In Part 1 Bentham argued for the decriminalization of sodomy and opposed the theories of Montesquieu and Voltaire as to its social dangers. In Part 2 Bentham speculates on its causes and alleges that the real reason such behavior is so severely punished is an irrational "antipathy" to pleasure generally and to sexual pleasure in particular. He discusses the danger of blackmail and false accusations and the punishment of lesbian acts, bestiality, and masturbation. Some miscellaneous related notes by Bentham are appended: these deal with religious fears based on the destruction of Sodom, the threat to population, the harshness of English naval law, and other topics.

Contributions to the History of Astronomy, Vol. 3. (German Title: Beiträge zur Astronomiegeschichte, Band 3)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dick, Wolfgang R.; Hamel, Jürgen

The main papers of this issue deal with previously unknown details of the foundation of the astronomical observatories in Gotha and in Königsberg (with numerous original documents by F.W. Bessel), with the Mecklenburg ordnance survey (1853-1873, with previously unknown letters by C.F. Gauss), with the merits of the Leipzig astronomer G.A. Jahn, with the internationality of the Astronomische Gesellschaft, and with early, previously little noted works on the expansion of the Universe. The issue contains a description of the important collection of sundials in the Kassel museum, discussions about the Medieval ``Phantom Period'', about Goethe's description of the zodiacal light, as well as obituaries and book reviews. Most papers in German, one in English.

The Emergence of Operational Art in the Great Sioux War 1876-1877

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-10

Schmitt (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1946), 197. 58 Bourke , Vol. 1, 336-360. 25...feeling of hope, an atmosphere of futility and frustration set in when the column became too cumbersome to catch 78 Bourke , Vol. 1, 381. 79 “Letters...from the column and 81 Greene, Slim Buttes, 29. 82 Bourke , Vol. 2, 76; Gray, 219-220. See also Bourke , Vol. 2, 45. 83 Bourke , Vol. 2, 88-9

Storage for greater-than-Class C low-level radioactive waste

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Beitel, G.A.

1991-12-31

EG and G Idaho, Inc., at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) is actively pursuing technical storage alternatives for greater-than-Class C low-level radioactive waste (GTCC LLW) until a suitable licensed disposal facility is operating. A recently completed study projects that between 2200 and 6000 m{sup 3} of GTCC LLW will be generated by the year 2035; the base case estimate is 3250 m{sup 3}. The current plan envisions a disposal facility available as early as the year 2010. A long-term dedicated storage facility could be available in 1997. In the meantime, it is anticipated that a limited number of sealedmore » sources that are no longer useful and have GTCC concentrations of radionuclides will require storage. Arrangements are being made to provide this interim storage at an existing DOE waste management facility. All interim stored waste will subsequently be moved to the dedicated storage facility once it is operating. Negotiations are under way to establish a host site for interim storage, which may be operational, at the earliest, by the second quarter of 1993. Two major activities toward developing a long-term dedicated storage facility are ongoing. (a) An engineering study, which explores costs for alternatives to provide environmentally safe storage and satisfy all regulations, is being prepared. Details of some of the findings of that study will be presented. (b) There is also an effort under way to seek the assistance of one or more private companies in providing dedicated storage. Alternatives and options will be discussed.« less

Human Health Exposure Assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 8. Response to Comments on the Draft Exposure Assessment Version 4.1

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-09-01

ASSESSMENT (INCLUDES ARMY AND SHELL TOXICITY PROFILES). VOL. 41V - PPLV METHODOLOGY. VOL. V - PPLV CALCULATIONS. VOL. VI - STUDY AREA EXPOSURE ANALYSIS (A...INTRODUCTION, B WESTERN STUDY AREA, C SOUTHERN STUDY AREA, D NORTHERN CENTRAL STUDY AREA, E CENTRAL STUDY AREA, F EASTERN STUDY AREA, G SOUTH PLANTS... STUDY AREA, AND H NORTH PLANTS STUDY AREA. VOL. VII - SUMMARY EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT. VOL. VIII - 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES PPLV, LAND USE

Occasional Addresses by Edward Teller at Conferences of Laser Interaction and Related Plasma Phenomena (LIRPP)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hora, Heinrich; Miley, George H.

2016-10-01

The following sections are included: * Futurology of High Intensity Lasers (LIRPP Vol. 3A) * Lecture in Connection with the Edward Teller Medal Award (LIRPP Vol. 10) * Photo of the First Recipients of the Edward Teller Medal in 1991 * Photos from the Edward Teller Medal Celebration in 1997 * Photo with Participants of the LIRPP No. 12 Conference, 1995 * Photo with Edward Teller Medalists at IFSA01, Kyoto, 2001 * Keynote Address: The Edward Teller Lecture (LIRPP Vol. 11) * Keynote Address: Dr. Edward Teller (LIRPP Vol. 12) * Teller Award Presentation and Keynote Address (LIRPP Vol. 13) * Laudations of Awardees 1991-1995 (LIRPP Vol. 13) * Laudations of Awardees 1999-2003

40 CFR 80.65 - General requirements for refiners and importers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... % Olefins content 2.5 vol % Benzene content 0.21 vol % Ethanol content 0.4 vol % Methanol content 0.2 vol... the property at one additional independent laboratory. If this second independent laboratory obtains a... representative sample from a batch of reformulated gasoline, to: (A) Obtain the refiner's or importer's assigned...

40 CFR 80.65 - General requirements for refiners and importers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... % Olefins content 2.5 vol % Benzene content 0.21 vol % Ethanol content 0.4 vol % Methanol content 0.2 vol... the property at one additional independent laboratory. If this second independent laboratory obtains a... representative sample from a batch of reformulated gasoline, to: (A) Obtain the refiner's or importer's assigned...

Local Muscle Metabolic Demand Induced by Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Voluntary Contractions at Different Force Levels: A NIRS Study.

PubMed

Muthalib, Makii; Kerr, Graham; Nosaka, Kazunori; Perrey, Stephane

2016-06-13

Functional Muscle metabolic demand during contractions evoked by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been consistently documented to be greater than voluntary contractions (VOL) at the same force level (10-50% maximal voluntary contraction-MVC). However, we have shown using a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique that local muscle metabolic demand is similar between NMES and VOL performed at MVC levels, thus controversy exists. This study therefore compared biceps brachii muscle metabolic demand (tissue oxygenation index-TOI and total hemoglobin volume-tHb) during a 10s isometric contraction of the elbow flexors between NMES (stimulation frequency of 30Hz and current level to evoke 30% MVC) and VOL at 30% MVC (VOL-30%MVC) and MVC (VOL-MVC) level in 8 healthy men (23-33-y). Greater changes in TOI and tHb induced by NMES than VOL-30%MVC confirm previous studies of a greater local metabolic demand for NMES than VOL at the same force level. The same TOI and tHb changes for NMES and VOL-MVC suggest that local muscle metabolic demand and intramuscular pressure were similar between conditions. In conclusion, these findings indicate that NMES induce a similar local muscle metabolic demand as that of maximal VOL.

Local Muscle Metabolic Demand Induced by Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Voluntary Contractions at Different Force Levels: A NIRS Study

PubMed Central

Muthalib, Makii; Kerr, Graham; Nosaka, Kazunori; Perrey, Stephane

2016-01-01

Functional Muscle metabolic demand during contractions evoked by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been consistently documented to be greater than voluntary contractions (VOL) at the same force level (10-50% maximal voluntary contraction-MVC). However, we have shown using a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique that local muscle metabolic demand is similar between NMES and VOL performed at MVC levels, thus controversy exists. This study therefore compared biceps brachii muscle metabolic demand (tissue oxygenation index-TOI and total hemoglobin volume-tHb) during a 10s isometric contraction of the elbow flexors between NMES (stimulation frequency of 30Hz and current level to evoke 30% MVC) and VOL at 30% MVC (VOL-30%MVC) and MVC (VOL-MVC) level in 8 healthy men (23-33-y). Greater changes in TOI and tHb induced by NMES than VOL-30%MVC confirm previous studies of a greater local metabolic demand for NMES than VOL at the same force level. The same TOI and tHb changes for NMES and VOL-MVC suggest that local muscle metabolic demand and intramuscular pressure were similar between conditions. In conclusion, these findings indicate that NMES induce a similar local muscle metabolic demand as that of maximal VOL. PMID:27478574

Different effects of propofol and isoflurane on cochlear blood flow and hearing function in Guinea pigs.

PubMed

Xiao, Ying; Wen, Jian; Bai, Yanxia; Duan, Na; Jing, G X

2014-01-01

To investigate the effects of isoflurane and propofol on mean arterial pressure (MAP), cochlear blood flow (CoBF), distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), and the ultrastructure of outer hair cells (OHCs) in guinea pig cochleae. Forty-eight male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to one of six treatment groups. Groups 1 to 3 were infused (i.v.) with a loading dose of propofol (5 mg/kg) for 5 min and three maintenance doses (10, 20, or 40 mg kg-1·h-1, respectively) for 115 min. Groups 4 to 6 were inhaled with isoflurane at concentrations of 1.15 vol%, 2.30 vol% or 3.45 vol% respectively for 120 min. CoBF and MAP were recorded prior to and at 5 min intervals during drug administration. DPOAE was measured before, immediately after, and 1 h after administration. Following the final DPOAE test, cochleae were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Propofol treatment reduced MAP in a dose-dependent manner. CoBF and DPOAE showed increases at propofol maintenance doses of 10 and 20 mg kg-1·h-1. Inhalation of isoflurane at concentrations of 2.30 vol% and 3.45 vol% reduced MAP and CoBF. DPOAE amplitude increased following inhalation of 1.15 vol% isoflurane, but decreased following inhalations of 2.30 vol% and 3.45 vol%. Cochlear structure was changed following inhalation of either 2.30 vol% or 3.45 vol% isoflurane. Propofol could decrease MAP and increase both CoBF and DPOAE without affecting OHC structure. Inhalation of isoflurane at concentrations >2.30 vol% decreased CoBF and DPOAE, and produced injury to OHCs.

76 FR 20784 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-13

... Brazil Index Fund (``EWZ''), the Market Vectors Gold Miners ETF (``GDX''), and the Energy Select Sector... volatility.\\6\\ \\6\\ CBOE will be the reporting authority for any Vol Index. CBOE will compute values for Vol... price or the calculated forward value of the respective Vol index. Transactions in Vol Index options may...

Special Analysis: 2016-001 Analysis of the Potential Under-Reporting of Am-241 Inventory for Nitrate Salt Waste at Area G

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chu, Shaoping; Stauffer, Philip H.; Birdsell, Kay Hanson

The Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) generates radioactive waste as a result of various activities. Operational waste is generated from a wide variety of research and development activities including nuclear weapons development, energy production, and medical research. Environmental restoration (ER), and decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) waste is generated as contaminated sites and facilities at LANL undergo cleanup or remediation. The majority of this waste is low-level radioactive waste (LLW) and is disposed of at the Technical Area 54 (TA-54), Area G disposal facility.

Comparison between electrically evoked and voluntary isometric contractions for biceps brachii muscle oxidative metabolism using near-infrared spectroscopy.

PubMed

Muthalib, Makii; Jubeau, Marc; Millet, Guillaume Y; Maffiuletti, Nicola A; Nosaka, Kazunori

2009-09-01

This study compared voluntary (VOL) and electrically evoked isometric contractions by muscle stimulation (EMS) for changes in biceps brachii muscle oxygenation (tissue oxygenation index, DeltaTOI) and total haemoglobin concentration (DeltatHb = oxygenated haemoglobin + deoxygenated haemoglobin) determined by near-infrared spectroscopy. Twelve men performed EMS with one arm followed 24 h later by VOL with the contralateral arm, consisting of 30 repeated (1-s contraction, 1-s relaxation) isometric contractions at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for the first 60 s, and maximal intensity contractions thereafter (MVC for VOL and maximal tolerable current at 30 Hz for EMS) until MVC decreased approximately 30% of pre-exercise MVC. During the 30 contractions at 30% MVC, DeltaTOI decrease was significantly (P < 0.05) greater and DeltatHb was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for EMS than VOL, suggesting that the metabolic demand for oxygen in EMS is greater than VOL at the same torque level. However, during maximal intensity contractions, although EMS torque (approximately 40% of VOL) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than VOL, DeltaTOI was similar and tHb was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for EMS than VOL towards the end, without significant differences between the two sessions in the recovery period. It is concluded that the oxygen demand of the activated biceps brachii muscle in EMS is comparable to VOL at maximal intensity.

Recruiting Effects of Army Advertising

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-01-01

Journal of Advertising Research , Vol. 20, No. 4, August 1980. Assmus...Vol. 21, No. 1, February 1984. Aykac, Ahmet, Marcel Corstijens, and David Gautschi, "Is There a Kink in Your Advertising?" Journal of Advertising Research , Vol...A. Jay, and T. Twyman, "The Validity of Advertising Pretests," Journal of Advertising Research , Vol. 17, No. 2, 1977. Box, G. E. P., and Larry

Looking Back and Ahead: 20 Years of Technologies for Language Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Godwin-Jones, Robert

2016-01-01

Over the last 20 years Robert Godwin-Jones has written 48 columns on "Emerging Technologies"; an additional six columns have been written by guest columnists. Several topics have been re-examined in regular intervals of approximately five years, namely digital literacy (Vol. 4, Num. 2; Vol. 10, Num. 2; Vol. 14, Num. 3; Vol. 19, Num. 3)…

A Weathering Index for CK and R Chondrites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rubin, Alan E.; Huber, Heinz

2006-01-01

We present a new weathering index (wi) for the metallic-Fe-Ni-poor chondrite groups (CK and R) based mainly on transmitted light observations of the modal abundance of crystalline material that is stained brown in thin sections: wi-0, <5 vol%; wi-1, 5-25 vol%; wi-2,25-50 vol%; wi-3,50- 75 vol%; wi-4, 75-95 vol%; wi-5, >95 vol%, wi-6, significant replacement of mafic silicates by phyllosilicates. Brown staining reflects mobilization of oxidized iron derived mainly from terrestrial weathering of Ni-bearing sulfide. With increasing degrees of terrestrial weathering of CK and R chondrites, the sulfide modal abundance decreases, and S, Se, and Ni become increasingly depleted. In addition, bulk Cl increases in Antarctic CK chondrites, probably due to contamination from airborne sea mist.

Books Noted

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Walsh, Edward J.

1999-09-01

Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Change Guy P. Brasseur, John J. Orlando, and Geoffrey S. Tyndall, Eds. Oxford University Press: New York, 1999. xviii + 654 pp. ISBN 0-19-510521-4. 70.00. Advances in Supramolecular Chemistry, Vol. 5 George W. Gokel, Ed. JAI Press: Stamford, CT, 1999. ix + 654 pp. ISBN 1-7623-0447-2. 109.50. Advances in Cycloaddition, Vol. 5 Michael Harmata, Ed. JAI Press: Stamford, CT, 1999. ix + 172 pp. ISBN 0-7623-0346-8. 109.50. Characterization of Powders and Aerosols Brian H. Kaye. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. xi + 312 pp. ISBN 3-527-28853-8. 205.00. Chemometrics M. Otto. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. xvi + 314 pp. ISBN 3-527-29628-x. 69.95. Flow Measurement Methods and Applications Jim E. Hardy, Jim O. Hylton, Tim E. McKnight, C. J. Remenyik, and Frances R. Ruppel. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. ix + 254 pp. ISBN 0-471-24509-7. 79.95. Tailored Polymeric Materials for Controlled Delivery Systems Iain McCulloch and Shalaby W. Shalaby, Eds. ACS Symposium Series 709. Oxford University Press: New York, 1998. xi + 324 pp. ISBN 0-8412-3585-6. 115.00. Chemistry, 7th Edition Karen C. Timberlake. Addison Wesley Longman: Menlo Park, CA, 1999. xxviii + 740 pp. ISBN 0-321-03767-7. 72.19. General Chemistry, 2nd Edition John W. Hill and Ralph H. Petrucci. Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ. 1999. xxvi + 1088 pp + appendix and index. ISBN 0-13-010318-7. $97.00.

Lame's Wave Functions of the Ellipsoid of Revolution

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meixner, J.

1949-01-01

It has recently Miss Gertrude Blanch that errors exist in been brought to the attention of the NACA by of the Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce the tabulated values appearing in tables 11 to 17 of TM 1224. Miss Blanch notes that C. J. Bouwkamp from whom Meixner obtained the values presented, subsequently corrected them in tables. appearing in the Journal of Mathematics and Physics, vol. XXVI, no. 2, JULY 1947, pp. 88-91. In spite of the difference in symbols and notation in the two papers, reprints of tables I to IX included in the July 1947 issue of the Journal of Mathematics and Physics are attached for the use of those interested in receiving them. The NACA wishes to express its appreciation to the Journal of Mathematics and Physics for permitting these tables to be reproduced for this purpose.

T-Duality in an H-Flux: Exchange of Momentum and Winding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Han, Fei; Mathai, Varghese

2018-02-01

Using our earlier proposal for Ramond-Ramond fields in an H-flux on loop space (Han et al. in Commun Math Phys 337(1):127-150, 2015. arXiv:1405.1320), we extend the Hori isomorphism in Bouwknegt et al. (Commun Math Phys 249:383-415, 2004. arXiv:hep-th/0306062; Phys Rev Lett 92:181601, 2004. arXiv:hep-th/0312052) from invariant differential forms, to invariant exotic differential forms such that the momentum and winding numbers are exchanged, filling in a gap in the literature. We also extend the compatibility of the action of invariant exact Courant algebroids on the T-duality isomorphism in Cavalcanti and Gualtieri (in: CRM proceedings of lecture notes, vol 50, pp 341-365, American Mathematical Society, Providence, 2010 ), to the T-duality isomorphism on exotic invariant differential forms.

Interpolation by new B-splines on a four directional mesh of the plane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nouisser, O.; Sbibih, D.

2004-01-01

In this paper we construct new simple and composed B-splines on the uniform four directional mesh of the plane, in order to improve the approximation order of B-splines studied in Sablonniere (in: Program on Spline Functions and the Theory of Wavelets, Proceedings and Lecture Notes, Vol. 17, University of Montreal, 1998, pp. 67-78). If φ is such a simple B-spline, we first determine the space of polynomials with maximal total degree included in , and we prove some results concerning the linear independence of the family . Next, we show that the cardinal interpolation with φ is correct and we study in S(φ) a Lagrange interpolation problem. Finally, we define composed B-splines by repeated convolution of φ with the characteristic functions of a square or a lozenge, and we give some of their properties.

Geomatic Methods for the Analysis of Data in the Earth Sciences: Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, Vol. 95

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pavlis, Nikolaos K.

Geomatics is a trendy term that has been used in recent years to describe academic departments that teach and research theories, methods, algorithms, and practices used in processing and analyzing data related to the Earth and other planets. Naming trends aside, geomatics could be considered as the mathematical and statistical “toolbox” that allows Earth scientists to extract information about physically relevant parameters from the available data and accompany such information with some measure of its reliability. This book is an attempt to present the mathematical-statistical methods used in data analysis within various disciplines—geodesy, geophysics, photogrammetry and remote sensing—from a unifying perspective that inverse problem formalism permits. At the same time, it allows us to stretch the relevance of statistical methods in achieving an optimal solution.

SUBGRADE MONOLITHIC ENCASEMENT STABILIZATION OF CATEGORY 3 LOW LEVEL WASTE (LLW)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

PHILLIPS, S.J.

2004-02-03

A highly efficient and effective technology has been developed and is being used for stabilization of Hazard Category 3 low-level waste at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site. Using large, structurally interconnected monoliths, which form one large monolith that fills a waste disposal trench, the patented technology can be used for final internment of almost any hazardous, radioactive, or toxic waste or combinations of these waste materials packaged in a variety of sizes, shapes, and volumes within governmental regulatory limits. The technology increases waste volumetric loading by 100 percent, area use efficiency by 200 percent, and volumetric configuration efficiencymore » by more than 500 percent over past practices. To date, in excess of 2,010 m{sup 3} of contact-handled and remote-handled low-level radioactive waste have been interned using this patented technology. Additionally, in excess of 120 m{sup 3} of low-level radioactive waste requiring stabilization in low-diffusion coefficient waste encasement matrix has been disposed using this technology. Greater than five orders of magnitude in radiation exposure reduction have been noted using this method of encasement of Hazard Category 3 waste. Additionally, exposure monitored at all monolith locations produced by the slip form technology is less than 1.29 x E-07 C {center_dot} kg{sup -1}. Monolithic encasement of Hazard Category 3 low-level waste and other waste category materials may be successfully accomplished using this technology at nominally any governmental or private sector waste disposal facility. Additionally, other waste materials consisting of hazardous, radioactive, toxic, or mixed waste materials can be disposed of using the monolithic slip form encasement technology.« less

Remedial Investigation Badger Army Ammunition Plant, Baraboo, Wisconsin. Volume 3. Appendices G Through J

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

B~est Availlable COPY AD-A280 438’El UlHI~ll lIMEll l Ulll "U.S. Army Environmental Center 7C, 0* £0 t;,2.’ . .. US AR.Y E[N,’IP r TM,’.F A, CENtIR...Split Groundwater Samples Vol. 6 APPENDIX M - CALCULATIONS FOR PARAMETERS USED IN RISK ASSESSMENT Vol. 7 APPENDIX N - IRIS FILES FOR COMPOUNDS OF...POTENTIAL CONCERN Vol. 7 APPENDIX 0 - HUMAN HEALTH RISK CALCULATIONS Vol. 7 APPENDIX P - INVENTORY OF SITE SPECIES Vol. 7 APPENDIX Q - EXPOSURE

A high plasma: red blood cell transfusion ratio during liver transplantation is associated with decreased blood utilization.

PubMed

Pagano, M B; Metcalf, R A; Hess, J R; Reyes, J; Perkins, J D; Montenovo, M I

2018-04-01

During massive transfusion, the volume ratio of administered plasma (PL Vol) to red blood cell (RBC Vol) appears to be associated with reduced blood utilization and improved survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal component ratio in the setting of liver transplantation. This is a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent liver transplantation and received at least 500 ml of red blood cells from January 2013 through December 2015. Kernel smoothing analysis determined the proper component ratios to evaluate were a ≥0·85:1 ratio (high) to a ≤0·85:1 ratio (low). Two groups, plasma volume to RBC volume (PL Vol/RBC Vol) and plasma contained in the platelet units added to the plasma calculation [PL + PLT (platelet)] Vol/RBC Vol, were used to evaluate the component ratios. A total of 188 patients were included in the analysis. In the PL Vol/RBC Vol evaluation, a low ratio revealed that 1238 ml (977-1653 ml) (P < 0·0001) and 1178 ml (747-1178) (P < 0·0001) of RBC were used in excess compared to the high ratio, in the univariable and multivariable analysis, respectively. In the PL +PLT Vol/RBC Vol evaluation, a low ratio used 734 ml (193-1275) (P = 0·008) and 886 ml (431-1340) (P < 0·0001) of RBC in excess when compared to high ratio in the univariable and multivariable analysis, respectively. In patients undergoing liver transplantation, the transfusion of plasma to RBC ratio ≥0·85 was associated with decreased need of RBC transfusions. © 2018 International Society of Blood Transfusion.

The Influence of Preoperative Aneurysmal Thrombus Quantity and Distribution on the Development of Type II Endoleaks with Aneurysm Sac Enlargement After EVAR of AAA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Müller-Wille, R., E-mail: rene.mueller-wille@ukr.de; Güntner, O., E-mail: oliverguentner@yahoo.de; Zeman, F., E-mail: florian.zeman@ukr.de

PurposeTo determine the influence of preoperative aneurysmal thrombus quantity and distribution on the development of type II endoleak with aneurysm sac enlargement after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the pre- and postoperatively performed CT scans of 118 patients who had follow-up imaging for at least 1 year after EVAR available. We assessed preoperative thrombus perimeter (T{sub Peri}), diameter (T{sub Dia}), cross-sectional area (T{sub CSA}), and volume (T{sub Vol}). The preoperative thrombus distribution was classified into no thrombus, semilunar-shaped (anterior, right side, left side, posterior) thrombus, and circumferential type thrombus. The number of preoperative patent aortic side branches (ASB)more » was identified. Endpoint was type II endoleak with aneurysm volume (A{sub Vol}) increase of ≥5 % during follow-up.ResultsDuring follow-up (2 years, range 1–9 years), 17 patients with type II endoleak had significant A{sub Vol} increase. Less preoperative T{sub Peri}, T{sub Dia}, T{sub CSA}, and T{sub Vol} were associated with A{sub Vol} increase. A circumferential thrombus distribution significantly protected against aneurysm enlargement (p = 0.028). The variables with the strongest significance for A{sub Vol} increase were preoperative T{sub Vol}/A{sub Vol} ratio (OR 0.95; p = 0.037) and number of patent ASB (OR 3.52; p < 0.001).ConclusionA low preoperative T{sub Vol}/A{sub Vol} ratio and a high number of patent ASB were associated with aneurysm sac enlargement after EVAR.« less

Enhancing student interactions with the instructor and content using pen-based technology, YouTube videos, and virtual conferencing.

PubMed

Cox, James R

2011-01-01

This report describes the incorporation of digital learning elements in organic chemistry and biochemistry courses. The first example is the use of pen-based technology and a large-format PowerPoint slide to construct a map that integrates various metabolic pathways and control points. Students can use this map to visualize the integrated nature of metabolism and how various hormones impact metabolic regulation. The second example is the embedding of health-related YouTube videos directly into PowerPoint presentations. These videos become a part of the course notes and can be viewed within PowerPoint as long as students are online. The third example is the use of a webcam to show physical models during online sessions using web-conferencing software. Various molecular conformations can be shown through the webcam, and snapshots of important conformations can be incorporated into the notes for further discussion and annotation. Each of the digital learning elements discussed in this report is an attempt to use technology to improve the quality of educational resources available outside of the classroom to foster student engagement with ideas and concepts. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 4-9, 2011. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goldston, W.

On April 21, 2009, the Energy Facilities Contractors Group (EFCOG) Waste Management Working Group (WMWG) provided a recommendation to the Department of Energy's Environmental Management program (DOE-EM) concerning supplemental guidance on blending methodologies to use to classify waste forms to determine if the waste form meets the definition of Transuranic (TRU) Waste or can be classified as Low-Level Waste (LLW). The guidance provides specific examples and methods to allow DOE and its Contractors to properly classify waste forms while reducing the generation of TRU wastes. TRU wastes are much more expensive to characterize at the generator's facilities, ship, and thenmore » dispose at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) than Low-Level Radioactive Waste's disposal. Also the reduction of handling and packaging of LLW is inherently less hazardous to the nuclear workforce. Therefore, it is important to perform the characterization properly, but in a manner that minimizes the generation of TRU wastes if at all possible. In fact, the generation of additional volumes of radioactive wastes under the ARRA programs, this recommendation should improve the cost effective implementation of DOE requirements while properly protecting human health and the environment. This paper will describe how the message of appropriate, less expensive, less hazardous blending of radioactive waste is the 'right' thing to do in many cases, but can be confused with inappropriate 'dilution' that is frowned upon by regulators and stakeholders in the public. A proposal will be made in this paper on how to communicate this very complex and confusing technical issue to regulatory bodies and interested stakeholders to gain understanding and approval of the concept. The results of application of the proposed communication method and attempt to change the regulatory requirements in this area will be discussed including efforts by DOE and the NRC on this very complex subject.« less

An Experimental Study of Diffusivity of Technetium-99 in Hanford Vadose Zone Sediments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mattigod, Shas V.; Bovaird, Chase C.; Wellman, Dawn M.

2012-11-01

One of the methods being considered at the Hanford site in Washington for safely disposing of low-level radioactive wastes (LLW) is to encase the waste in concrete and entomb the packages in the Hanford vadose zone sediments. The current plan for waste isolation consists of stacking low-level waste packages on a trench floor, surrounding the stacks with reinforced steel, and encasing these packages with concrete. Any failure of the concrete encasement may result in water intrusion and consequent mobilization of radionuclides from the waste packages. The mobilized radionuclides may escape from the encased concrete by mass flow and/or diffusion andmore » move into the surrounding subsurface sediments. It is therefore necessary to conduct an assessment of the performance of the concrete encasement structure and the surrounding soil’s ability to retard radionuclide migration. The retardation factors for radionuclides contained in the waste packages can be determined from measurements of diffusion coefficients for these contaminants through concrete and fill material. Because of their anionic nature in aqueous solutions, the radionuclides, 99Tc and 129I were identified as long-term dose contributors in LLW. The leachability and/or diffusion of these radionuclide species must be measured in order to assess the long-term performance of waste grouts when contacted with vadose-zone porewater or groundwater. To measure the diffusivity, a set of experiments were conducted using 99Tc-spiked concrete (with 0 and 4% metallic iron additions) in contact with unsaturated soil half-cells that reflected the typical moisture contents of Hanford vadose zone sediments. The 99Tc diffusion profiles in the soil half cells were measured after a time lapse of ~1.9 yr. Using the concentration profiles, the 99Tc diffusivity coefficients were calculated based on Fick’s Second Law.« less

Innovative vitrification for soil remediation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jetta, N.W.; Patten, J.S.; Hart, J.G.

1995-12-01

The objective of this DOE demonstration program is to validate the performance and operation of the Vortec Cyclone Melting System (CMS{trademark}) for the processing of LLW contaminated soils found at DOE sites. This DOE vitrification demonstration project has successfully progressed through the first two phases. Phase 1 consisted of pilot scale testing with surrogate wastes and the conceptual design of a process plant operating at a generic DOE site. The objective of Phase 2, which is scheduled to be completed the end of FY 95, is to develop a definitive process plant design for the treatment of wastes at amore » specific DOE facility. During Phase 2, a site specific design was developed for the processing of LLW soils and muds containing TSCA organics and RCRA metal contaminants. Phase 3 will consist of a full scale demonstration at the DOE gaseous diffusion plant located in Paducah, KY. Several DOE sites were evaluated for potential application of the technology. Paducah was selected for the demonstration program because of their urgent waste remediation needs as well as their strong management and cost sharing financial support for the project. During Phase 2, the basic nitrification process design was modified to meet the specific needs of the new waste streams available at Paducah. The system design developed for Paducah has significantly enhanced the processing capabilities of the Vortec vitrification process. The overall system design now includes the capability to shred entire drums and drum packs containing mud, concrete, plastics and PCB`s as well as bulk waste materials. This enhanced processing capability will substantially expand the total DOE waste remediation applications of the technology.« less

Advanced Fuel Cycle Cost Basis – 2017 Edition

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dixon, B. W.; Ganda, F.; Williams, K. A.

This report, commissioned by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), provides a comprehensive set of cost data supporting a cost analysis for the relative economic comparison of options for use in the DOE Nuclear Technology Research and Development (NTRD) Program (previously the Fuel Cycle Research and Development (FCRD) and the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI)). The report describes the NTRD cost basis development process, reference information on NTRD cost modules, a procedure for estimating fuel cycle costs, economic evaluation guidelines, and a discussion on the integration of cost data into economic computer models. This reportmore » contains reference cost data for numerous fuel cycle cost modules (modules A-O) as well as cost modules for a number of reactor types (R modules). The fuel cycle cost modules were developed in the areas of natural uranium mining and milling, thorium mining and milling, conversion, enrichment, depleted uranium disposition, fuel fabrication, interim spent fuel storage, reprocessing, waste conditioning, spent nuclear fuel (SNF) packaging, long-term monitored retrievable storage, managed decay storage, recycled product storage, near surface disposal of low-level waste (LLW), geologic repository and other disposal concepts, and transportation processes for nuclear fuel, LLW, SNF, transuranic, and high-level waste. Since its inception, this report has been periodically updated. The last such internal document was published in August 2015 while the last external edition was published in December of 2009 as INL/EXT-07-12107 and is available on the Web at URL: www.inl.gov/technicalpublications/Documents/4536700.pdf. This current report (Sept 2017) is planned to be reviewed for external release, at which time it will replace the 2009 report as an external publication. This information is used in the ongoing evaluation of nuclear fuel cycles by the NE NTRD program.« less

Effect of freezing conditions on β-Tricalcium Phosphate /Camphene scaffold with micro sized particles fabricated by freeze casting.

PubMed

Singh, Gurdev; Soundarapandian, S

2018-03-01

The long standing need of the implant manufacturing industries is to fabricate multi-matrix, customized porous scaffold as cost-effectively. In recent years, freeze casting has shown greater opportunity in the fabrication of porous scaffolds (tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, bioglass, alumina, etc.) such as at ease and good control over pore size, porosity, a range of materials and economic feasibility. In particular, tricalcium phosphate (TCP) has proved as it possesses good biocompatible (osteoinduction, osteoconduction, etc.) and biodegradability hence beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP, particle size of 10µm) was used as base material and camphene was used as a freezing vehicle in this study. Both freezing conditions such as constant freezing temperature (CFT) and constant freezing rate (CFR) were used for six different conditional samples (CFT: 30, 35 and 40vol% solid loading; similarly CFR: 30, 35 and 40vol% solid loading) to study and understand the effect of various properties (pore size, porosity and compressive strength) of the freeze-cast porous scaffold. It was observed that the average size of the pore was varying linearly as from lower to higher when the solid loading was varying higher to lower. With the help of scanning electron micrographs (SEM), it was observed that the average size of pore during CFR (9.7/ 6.5/ 4.9µm) was comparatively higher than the process of CFT (6.0/ 4.8/ 2.6µm) with respect to the same solid loading (30/ 35/ 40vol%) conditions. From the Gas pycnometer analysis, it was found that the porosity in both freezing conditions (CFT, CFR) were almost near values such as 32.8% and 28.5%. Further to be observed that with the increase in solid loading, the total porosity value has decreased due to the reduction in the concentration of the freezing vehicle. Hence, the freezing vehicle was found as responsible for the formation of appropriate size and orientation of pores during freeze casting. The compressive strength (CS) testing was clearly indicated that the CS was majorly depending on the size of pore which was depending on solid loading. The CS of CFT-based samples (smaller pore sizes and higher resistance to the propagation of crack) were higher due to the higher solid content (pore size) in compared with CFR-based samples on the similar solid loading conditions. As evidently, it was noted that the CFT-based sample with 40% solid loading has given the compressive strength which has come in the range of cancellous bone. The positive note was that the ratio of Ca/P has come as 1.68 (natural bone) after sintering and that was the required value recommended by the food and drug administration (FDI) for manufacturing of bone implants. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Application of Knowledge-Based Techniques to Tracking Function

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-09-01

38394041 42434445 46474849 505152 53545556 57585960 616263 646566 676869 707172 737475 7677 7879 8081 8283 8485 8687 8889 9091 9293 9495 969798 99100...Knowledge-based applications to adaptive space-time processing. Volume I: Summary”, AFRL-SN-TR-2001-146 Vol. I (of Vol. VI ), Final Technical Report, July...2001-146 Vol. IV (of Vol. VI ), Final Technical Report, July 2001. [53] C. Morgan, L. Moyer, “Knowledge-based applications to adaptive space-time

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal study area evaluations. Volume 6-E. Central study area exposure assessment. Version 4. 1(volume 6-E). Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Study area evaluations. Volume 6-H. North plants study area exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 7. Summary exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal study area evaluations. Volume 6-F. Eastern study area exposure assessment. Version 4. 1(volume 6-F). Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 8. Response to comments on the draft exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 2-A. Toxicity assessment. Version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis a introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 3. Toxicity assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal. Volume 1. Land use and exposed population evaluations version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Human health exposure assessment for Rocky Mountain Arsenal study area evaluations. Volume 6-C. Southern study area exposure assessment version 4. 1. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The objectives of the Human Health Exposure Assessment include: (1) estimate the type and magnitude of exposures to contaminants; (2) Identify contaminants of concern; (3) Identify sites for remedial action; (4) Recommend sites for the no action remedial alternative; and (5) Provide a basis for detailed characterization of the risk associated with all sites. This document consists of the following: An executive summary. Vol I - Land use and exposed population evaluations. Vol. II III - Toxicity assessment (includes army and shell toxicity profiles). Vol. IV - PPLV Methodology. Vol. V - PPLV Calculations. Vol. VI - Study area exposuremore » analysis A introduction, B Western study ares, C Southern study area, D northern Central study area, E Central study area, F Eastern study area, G South plants study area, and H North plants study area. Vol. VII - Summary exposure assessment.« less

Biceps brachii muscle oxygenation in electrical muscle stimulation.

PubMed

Muthalib, Makii; Jubeau, Marc; Millet, Guillaume Y; Maffiuletti, Nicola A; Ferrari, Marco; Nosaka, Kazunori

2010-09-01

The purpose of this study was to compare between electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) and maximal voluntary (VOL) isometric contractions of the elbow flexors for changes in biceps brachii muscle oxygenation (tissue oxygenation index, TOI) and haemodynamics (total haemoglobin volume, tHb = oxygenated-Hb + deoxygenated-Hb) determined by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The biceps brachii muscle of 10 healthy men (23-39 years) was electrically stimulated at high frequency (75 Hz) via surface electrodes to evoke 50 intermittent (4-s contraction, 15-s relaxation) isometric contractions at maximum tolerated current level (EMS session). The contralateral arm performed 50 intermittent (4-s contraction, 15-s relaxation) maximal voluntary isometric contractions (VOL session) in a counterbalanced order separated by 2-3 weeks. Results indicated that although the torque produced during EMS was approximately 50% of VOL (P<0.05), there was no significant difference in the changes in TOI amplitude or TOI slope between EMS and VOL over the 50 contractions. However, the TOI amplitude divided by peak torque was approximately 50% lower for EMS than VOL (P<0.05), which indicates EMS was less efficient than VOL. This seems likely because of the difference in the muscles involved in the force production between conditions. Mean decrease in tHb amplitude during the contraction phases was significantly (P<0.05) greater for EMS than VOL from the 10th contraction onwards, suggesting that the muscle blood volume was lower in EMS than VOL. It is concluded that local oxygen demand of the biceps brachii sampled by NIRS is similar between VOL and EMS.

"A combined experimental and individual-differences investigation into mind wandering during a video lecture": Correction to Kane et al. (2017).

PubMed

2018-04-01

Reports an error in "A combined experimental and individual-differences investigation into mind wandering during a video lecture" by Michael J. Kane, Bridget A. Smeekens, Claudia C. von Bastian, John H. Lurquin, Nicholas P. Carruth and Akira Miyake ( Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 2017[Nov], Vol 146[11], 1649-1674). In the article, the legends for Figure 2 and Figure 4 were erroneous. The correct figures are included in the errata. The online version of this article has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2017-48585-001.) A combined experimental-correlational study with a diverse sample (N = 182) from 2 research sites tested a set of 5 a priori hypotheses about mind wandering and learning, using a realistic video lecture on introductory statistics. Specifically, the study examined whether students' vulnerability to mind wandering during the lecture would predict learning from, and situational interest in, the video and also whether longhand note-taking would help reduce mind wandering, at least for some students. One half of the participants took notes during the video, and all were subsequently tested on lecture content without notes. Regression and mediation analyses indicated that (a) several individual-differences variables (e.g., pretest score, prior math interest, classroom media multitasking habits) uniquely predicted in-lecture mind wandering frequency; (b) although the note-taking manipulation did not reduce mind wandering at the group level, note-taking still reduced mind wandering for some individuals (i.e., those with lower prior knowledge and those who took notes of high quality and quantity); (c) mind wandering uniquely predicted both learning (posttest) and situational interest outcomes above and beyond all other individual-differences variables; (d) moreover, mind wandering significantly mediated the effects of several individual differences; and, finally, (e) not all types of mind wandering were problematic-in fact, off-task reflections about lecture-related topics positively predicted learning. These results, which were generally robust across the 2 sites, suggest that educationally focused cognitive research may benefit from considering attentional processes during learning as well as cognitive and noncognitive individual differences that affect attention and learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Dose equations for tube current modulation in CT scanning and the interpretation of the associated CTDI{sub vol}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dixon, Robert L.; Boone, John M.

2013-11-15

Purpose: The scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} for automatic tube current modulation (TCM) has a different physical meaning from the traditional CTDI{sub vol} at constant mA, resulting in the dichotomy “CTDI{sub vol} of the first and second kinds” for which a physical interpretation is sought in hopes of establishing some commonality between the two.Methods: Rigorous equations are derived to describe the accumulated dose distributions for TCM. A comparison with formulae for scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} clearly identifies the source of their differences. Graphical dose simulations are also provided for a variety of TCM tube current distributions (including constant mA), all having the samemore » scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol}.Results: These convolution equations and simulations show that the local dose at z depends only weakly on the local tube current i(z) due to the strong influence of scatter from all other locations along z, and that the “local CTDI{sub vol}(z)” does not represent a local dose but rather only a relative i(z) ≡ mA(z). TCM is a shift-variant technique to which the CTDI-paradigm does not apply and its application to TCM leads to a CTDI{sub vol} of the second kind which lacks relevance.Conclusions: While the traditional CTDI{sub vol} at constant mA conveys useful information (the peak dose at the center of the scan length), CTDI{sub vol} of the second kind conveys no useful information about the associated TCM dose distribution it purportedly represents and its physical interpretation remains elusive. On the other hand, the total energy absorbed E (“integral dose”) as well as its surrogate DLP remain robust between variable i(z) TCM and constant current i{sub 0} techniques, both depending only on the total mAs = t{sub 0}=i{sub 0} t{sub 0} during the beam-on time t{sub 0}.« less

Source term model evaluations for the low-level waste facility performance assessment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yim, M.S.; Su, S.I.

1995-12-31

The estimation of release of radionuclides from various waste forms to the bottom boundary of the waste disposal facility (source term) is one of the most important aspects of LLW facility performance assessment. In this work, several currently used source term models are comparatively evaluated for the release of carbon-14 based on a test case problem. The models compared include PRESTO-EPA-CPG, IMPACTS, DUST and NEFTRAN-II. Major differences in assumptions and approaches between the models are described and key parameters are identified through sensitivity analysis. The source term results from different models are compared and other concerns or suggestions are discussed.

Rheological properties of the product slurry of the Nitrate to Ammonia and Ceramic (NAC) process

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Muguercia, I.; Yang, G.; Ebadian, M.A.

The Nitrate to Ammonia and Ceramic (NAC) process is an innovative technology for immobilizing the liquid from Low Level radioactive Waste (LLW). An experimental study was conducted to measure the rheological properties of the pipe flow of the NAC product slurry. Test results indicate that the NAC product slurry has a profound rheological behavior. At low solids concentration, the slurry exhibits a typical dilatant fluid (or shear thinning)fluid. The transition from dilatant fluid to pseudo-plastic fluid will occur at between 25% to 30% solids concentration in temperature ranges of 50--80{degree}C. Correlation equations are developed based on the test data.

1st Quarter Transportation Report FY2017: Waste Shipments To and From the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS), Radioactive Waste Management Complex

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gregory, Louis

This report satisfies the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) commitment to prepare a quarterly summary report of waste shipments to the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) at Area 5. This report summarizes the 1st quarter of fiscal year (FY) 2017 low-level radioactive waste (LLW), mixed low-level radioactive waste (MLLW) and classified non-radioactive (CNR) shipments. There were no shipments sent for offsite treatment from a NNSS facility and returned to the NNSS this quarter of FY2017.

Technical information report: Plasma melter operation, reliability, and maintenance analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hendrickson, D.W.

1995-03-14

This document provides a technical report of operability, reliability, and maintenance of a plasma melter for low-level waste vitrification, in support of the Hanford Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) Low-Level Waste (LLW) Vitrification Program. A process description is provided that minimizes maintenance and downtime and includes material and energy balances, equipment sizes and arrangement, startup/operation/maintence/shutdown cycle descriptions, and basis for scale-up to a 200 metric ton/day production facility. Operational requirements are provided including utilities, feeds, labor, and maintenance. Equipment reliability estimates and maintenance requirements are provided which includes a list of failure modes, responses, and consequences.

Gradient Index (GRIN) Lens Multimode Fiber Probe for Laser Induced Breakdown in the Eye

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-01-23

34 Applied Optics, VoL 22, No. 3, p. 383, 1983 SPIE Vol. 2126 Ophthalmic Technologies IV (1994) /303 3. M. M. Pankratov , 0. Pomerantzeff, K. P...R. D. Jones, ’Laser-Produced Plasmas in Medicine," IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 19, p. 1209, 1991 6. T. I. Margolis, D. A. Farnath, M...Ophthalmology, Vol. 109, p.1605, 1991 8. P. Rol, P. Niederer, F. Fankhauser, M. Arigoni, E. De HaIler, ’p-Switched pulses and optical breakdown

Five Year Plan for Fiscal Years 1992-1996

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-10-01

for the detection of line sig- nals in visual noise. JQ 1 ...o. Am. Vol 4, No. 12, pgs. 2342-2354. 4) Kersten , D. (1987) Statistical efficiency for...the detection of visual noise. Vision Res. Vol 27, No. 6 pgs. 1029-1040. 5) Legge, G. E., Kersten , D., Burgess, A. E. (1987) Contrast discrimination in...noise. J. Opt. Soc. Am. Vol 4, No. 2, pgs 391-404. 6) Kersten , D. (1984) Spatial summation in visual noise. Vision Res. Vol 24, No. 12, pgs. 1977

The existence of almost periodic solutions of certain perturbation systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xia, Yonghui; Lin, Muren; Cao, Jinde

2005-10-01

Certain almost periodic perturbation systems are considered in this paper. By using the roughness theory of exponential dichotomies and the contraction mapping principle, some sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence and uniqueness of almost periodic solution of the above systems. Our results generalize those in [J.K. Hale, Ordinary Differential Equations, Krieger, Huntington, 1980; C. He, Existence of almost periodic solutions of perturbation systems, Ann. Differential Equations 9 (1992) 173-181; M. Lin, The existence of almost periodic solution and bounded solution of perturbation systems, Acta Math. Sinica 22A (2002) 61-70 (in Chinese); W.A. Coppel, Almost periodic properties of ordinary differential equations, Ann. Math. Pura Appl. 76 (1967) 27-50; A.M. Fink, Almost Periodic Differential Equations, Lecture Notes in Math., vol. 377, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1974; Y. Xia, F. Chen, A. Chen, J. Cao, Existence and global attractivity of an almost periodic ecological model, Appl. Math. Comput. 157 (2004) 449-475].

AC and DC electrical properties of graphene nanoplatelets reinforced epoxy syntactic foam

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zegeye, Ephraim; Wicker, Scott; Woldesenbet, Eyassu

2018-04-01

Benefits of employing graphene nanopletlates (GNPLs) in composite structures include mechanical as well as multifunctional properties. Understanding the impedance behavior of GNPLs reinforced syntactic foams may open new applications for syntactic foam composites. In this work, GNPLs reinforced syntactic foams were fabricated and tested for DC and AC electrical properties. Four sets of syntactic foam samples containing 0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 vol% of GNPLs were fabricated and tested. Significant increase in conductivity of syntactic foams due to the addition of GNPLs was noted. AC impedance measurements indicated that the GNPLs syntactic foams become frequency dependent as the volume fraction of GNPLs increases. With addition of GNPLs, the characteristic of the syntactic foams are also observed to transition from dominant capacitive to dominant resistive behavior. This work was carried out at Southern University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, United States of America.

International Space Station Human Behavior and Performance Competency Model: Volume II

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmidt, Lacey

2008-01-01

This document further defines the behavioral markers identified in the document "Human Behavior and Performance Competency Model" Vol. I. The Human Behavior and Performance (HBP) competencies were recommended as requirements to participate in international long duration missions, and form the basis for determining the HBP training curriculum for long duration crewmembers. This document provides details, examples, knowledge areas, and affective skills to support the use of the HBP competencies in training and evaluation. This document lists examples and details specific to HBP competencies required of astronauts/cosmonauts who participate in ISS expedition and other international long-duration missions. Please note that this model does not encompass all competencies required. While technical competencies are critical for crewmembers, they are beyond the scope of this document. Additionally, the competencies in this model (and subsequent objectives) are not intended to limit the internal activities or training programs of any international partner.

Alcoholic beverage strength discrimination by taste may have an upper threshold.

PubMed

Lachenmeier, Dirk W; Kanteres, Fotis; Rehm, Jürgen

2014-09-01

Given the association between alcohol consumption and negative health consequences, there is a need for individuals to be aware of their consumption of ethanol, which requires knowledge of serving sizes and alcoholic strength. This study is one of the first to systematically investigate the ability to discriminate alcoholic strength by taste. Nine discrimination tests (total n = 413) according to International Standardization Organization (ISO) 4120 sensory analysis methodology "triangle test" were performed. A perceptible difference was found for vodka in orange juice (0.0 vs. 0.5% vol; 0 vs. 1% vol), pilsner and wheat beer (0.5 vs. 5% vol), and vodka in orange juice (5 vs. 10% vol, 20 vs. 30% vol, and 30 vs. 40% vol). The percentage of the population perceiving a difference between the beverages varied between 36 and 73%. Alcoholic strength (higher vs. lower) was correctly assigned in only 4 of the 7 trials at a significant level, with 30 to 66% of the trial groups assigning the correct strength. For the trials that included beverages above 40% vol (vodka unmixed, 40 vs. 50% vol and vodka in orange juice, 40 vs. 50% vol), testers could neither perceive a difference between the samples nor assign correct alcoholic strength. Discrimination of alcoholic strength by taste was possible to a limited degree in a window of intermediate alcoholic strengths, but not at higher concentrations. This result is especially relevant for drinkers of unlabeled, over-proof unrecorded alcoholic beverages who would potentially ingest more alcohol than if they were to ingest commercial alcohol. Our study provides strong evidence for the strict implementation and enforcement of labeling requirements for all alcoholic beverages to allow informed decision making by consumers. Copyright © 2014 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.

Effects of Ti and TiB2 Nanoparticulates on Room Temperature Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Degradation of Pure Mg

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meenashisundaram, Ganesh Kumar; Nai, Mui Hoon; Gupta, Manoj

Mg 1 vol.% Ti and Mg 1 vol.% TiB2 composites containing Ti (30-50 nm) and TiB2 ( 60 nm) nanoparticulates were successfully synthesized using disintegrated melt deposition technique followed by hot extrusion. In vitro degradation of synthesized pure magnesium and composites were assessed by immersion testing in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) + 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) solution for a maximum duration of 28 days. Determination of corrosion rates by weight loss technique reveals that after 28 days of immersion testing, Mg 1 vol.% Ti exhibited the best corrosion resistance followed by pure magnesium and finally by Mg 1 vol.% TiB2 composite. The room temperature mechanical properties of the synthesized composites were found to surpass those of pure magnesium. On tensile and compressive loading, substantial strengthening of pure magnesium was observed with 1 vol.% Ti addition whereas appreciable increase in tensile and compressive fracture strains of pure magnesium was observed with 1 vol.% TiB2 addition.

Performance assessment methodology and preliminary results for low-level radioactive waste disposal in Taiwan.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arnold, Bill Walter; Chang, Fu-lin; Mattie, Patrick D.

2006-02-01

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and Taiwan's Institute for Nuclear Energy Research (INER) have teamed together to evaluate several candidate sites for Low-Level Radioactive Waste (LLW) disposal in Taiwan. Taiwan currently has three nuclear power plants, with another under construction. Taiwan also has a research reactor, as well as medical and industrial wastes to contend with. Eventually the reactors will be decomissioned. Operational and decommissioning wastes will need to be disposed in a licensed disposal facility starting in 2014. Taiwan has adopted regulations similar to the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission's (NRC's) low-level radioactive waste rules (10 CFR 61) to govern themore » disposal of LLW. Taiwan has proposed several potential sites for the final disposal of LLW that is now in temporary storage on Lanyu Island and on-site at operating nuclear power plants, and for waste generated in the future through 2045. The planned final disposal facility will have a capacity of approximately 966,000 55-gallon drums. Taiwan is in the process of evaluating the best candidate site to pursue for licensing. Among these proposed sites there are basically two disposal concepts: shallow land burial and cavern disposal. A representative potential site for shallow land burial is located on a small island in the Taiwan Strait with basalt bedrock and interbedded sedimentary rocks. An engineered cover system would be constructed to limit infiltration for shallow land burial. A representative potential site for cavern disposal is located along the southeastern coast of Taiwan in a tunnel system that would be about 500 to 800 m below the surface. Bedrock at this site consists of argillite and meta-sedimentary rocks. Performance assessment analyses will be performed to evaluate future performance of the facility and the potential dose/risk to exposed populations. Preliminary performance assessment analyses will be used in the site-selection process and to aid in design of the disposal system. Final performance assessment analyses will be used in the regulatory process of licensing a site. The SNL/INER team has developed a performance assessment methodology that is used to simulate processes associated with the potential release of radionuclides to evaluate these sites. The following software codes are utilized in the performance assessment methodology: GoldSim (to implement a probabilistic analysis that will explicitly address uncertainties); the NRC's Breach, Leach, and Transport - Multiple Species (BLT-MS) code (to simulate waste-container degradation, waste-form leaching, and transport through the host rock); the Finite Element Heat and Mass Transfer code (FEHM) (to simulate groundwater flow and estimate flow velocities); the Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill performance Model (HELP) code (to evaluate infiltration through the disposal cover); the AMBER code (to evaluate human health exposures); and the NRC's Disposal Unit Source Term -- Multiple Species (DUST-MS) code (to screen applicable radionuclides). Preliminary results of the evaluations of the two disposal concept sites are presented.« less

Tactical Communications Network Modelling and Reliability Analysis: An Overview

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-11-01

Transactions on Reliability. Vol 31 (1982), pp 359-361. [62] B. N. Clark and C. L. Colbourn. "Unit Disk Graphs", Discrete Math ., Vol 86 (1990), pp 165-177. [63...C. L. Colbourn, "Network Resiliance". SIAM Journal of Algebra and Discrete Math . Vol 8. (1987), pp 404-409. [64] W. H. Debany, P. K. Varshney, and C...34Bibliography on Dominatinn in Graphs and Some Basic Definitions of Domination Parameters". Discrete Math .. Vol 86 (1990). pp 257-277. [76] C. L. Hwang. F. A

Index to Nuclear Safety. A technical progress review by chronology, permuted title, and author. Vol. 11, No. 1--Vol. 17, No. 6

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cottrell, W.B.; Klein, A.

1977-02-23

This index to Nuclear Safety covers articles in Nuclear Safety Vol. 11, No. 1 (Jan.-Feb. 1970), through Vol. 17, No. 6 (Nov.-Dec. 1976). The index includes a chronological list of articles (including abstract) followed by KWIC and Author Indexes. Nuclear Safety, a bimonthly technical progress review prepared by the Nuclear Safety Information Center, covers all safety aspects of nuclear power reactors and associated facilities. The index lists over 350 technical articles in the last six years of publication.

Selected Bibliography on Fiber-Reinforced Cement and Concrete. Supplement Number 4.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-08-01

Building Industry," L’Industria Italiana del Cemento , Vol 50, No. 12, Dec 1980, pp 1135-1144. 19. Bartos, P., "Pullout Failure of Fibres Embedded in Cement...Vol 43, No. 11, Nov 1977, pp 561-564. 21. Bassan, M., "Model of Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Concretes Under Impact Stresses," il Cemento , Vol 74, No...Pastes," il Cemento , Vol 75, No. 3, Jul-Sep 1978, pp 277-284. 210. Mills, R. H., "Age-Embrittlement of Glass-Reinforced Concrete Containing Blastfurance

Investigation of the effect of tablet surface area/volume on drug release from hydroxypropylmethylcellulose controlled-release matrix tablets.

PubMed

Reynolds, Thomas D; Mitchell, Shawn A; Balwinski, Karen M

2002-04-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of tablet surface area/volume (SA/Vol) on drug release from controlled-release matrix tablets containing hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC). Soluble drugs (promethazine HCl, diphenhydramine HCl, and propranolol HCl) were utilized in this study to give predominantly diffusion-controlled release. Drug release from HPMC matrix tablets with similar values of SA/Vol was comparable within the same tablet shape (i.e., flat-faced round tablets) and among different shapes (i.e., oval, round concave, flat-faced beveled-edge, and flat-faced round tablets). Tablets having the same surface area but different SA/Vol values did not result in similar drug release; tablets with larger SA/Vol values hadfaster release profiles. Utility of SA/Vol to affect drug release was demonstrated by changing drug doses, and altering tablet shape to adjust SA/Vol. When SA/Vol was held constant, similar release profiles were obtained with f2 metric values greater than 70. Thus, surface area/volume is one of the key variables in controlling drug release from HPMC matrix tablets. Proper use of this variable has practical application by formulators who may need to duplicate drug release profiles from tablets of different sizes and different shapes.

Relationship between pretreatment level of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA, tumor burden, and metabolic activity in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ma, Brigette; King, Ann; Lo, Y.M. Dennis

Purpose: Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA (pEBV DNA) is an important prognostic marker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study tested the hypotheses that pEBV DNA reflects tumor burden and metabolic activity by evaluating its relationship with tumor volume and {sup 18}F-fluorodeoxyglucose ({sup 18}F-FDG) uptake in NPC. Methods and Materials: Pre-treatment pEBV DNA analysis, {sup 18}F-FDG positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan (PET-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and neck were performed in 57 patients. Net volume (cm{sup 3}) of the primary tumor (T{sub vol}) and regional nodes (N{sub vol}) were quantified on MRI. {sup 18}F-FDG uptake was expressed asmore » the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV{sub max}) at the primary tumor (T{sub suv}) and regional nodes (N{sub suv}). Lesions with SUV{sub max} {>=} 2.5 were considered malignant. Relationship between SUV{sub max}, natural logarithm (log) of pEBV DNA, and square root (sq) of MRI volumes was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. A linear regression model was constructed to test for any interaction between variables and disease stage. Results: Log-pEBV DNA showed significant correlation with sq-T{sub vol} (r = 0.393), sq-N{sub vol} (r = 0.452), total tumor volume (sq-Total{sub vol} = T{sub vol} + N{sub vol}, r = 0.554), T{sub suv} (r = 0.276), N{sub suv} (r = 0.434), and total SUV{sub max} (Total{sub suv} = T{sub suv} + N{sub suv}, r = 0.457). Likewise, sq-T{sub vol} was correlated to T{sub suv} (r 0.426), and sq-N{sub vol} with N{sub suv} (r = 0.651). Regression analysis showed that only log-pEBV DNA was significantly associated with sq-Total{sub vol} (p < 0.001; parameter estimate = 8.844; 95% confidence interval = 3.986-13.703), whereas Sq-T{sub vol} was significantly associated with T{sub suv} (p = 0.002; parameter estimate = 3.923; 95% confidence interval = 1.498-6.348). Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis that cell-free plasma EBV DNA is a marker of tumor burden in EBV-related NPC.« less

The Influence of Phenocrysts on Magma Degassing in Rhyolitic Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

deGraffenried, R.; Larsen, J. F.; Lindoo, A. N.

2016-12-01

The kinetics of volatile exsolution and magma degassing control volcanic eruption styles, but the role of phenocrysts in the degassing process is poorly understood. The focus of this study is two series of decompression experiments examining how phenocrysts may or may not influence vesicle structures leading to permeability development and degassing in magmas with rhyolitic matrix melts. Powdered rhyolite obsidian (75 SiO2 wt. %; Mono Craters, CA) was seeded with 20 and 40 vol. % euhedral corundum crystals (350 μm) to approximate phenocrysts. Experiments were run using TZM (Ti-Zr-Mo alloy) vessels fitted with a water-cooled rapid quench top in a vertical Deltech furnace. Each run was held at 110 MPa and 900OC for 24 hours then decompressed continuously at a rate of 0.25 MPa/s to a final pressure (Pf) between 75 and 15 MPa. Permeability was measured using a bench-top permeameter constructed for the small experimental samples. Porosity was obtained from reflected light images using NIH Image J. The porosity of the samples increased from 11.0±1.7 to 73.3±3.1 vol % at Pf of 75 to 15 MPa for crystal free samples, 30.1±6.9 to 62.2±2.6 vol % at Pf of of 75 to 25 MPa for 20 vol % crystal samples, and 13.3±2.5 to 41.2±9.6 vol % at Pf of 75 to 50 MPa for 40 vol % crystal samples. The 20 vol % samples are impermeable up to at least 50 MPa Pf. The 40 vol % samples are impermeable up to 25 MPa Pf, with one sample having a measured Darcian permeability of -13.93±0.05 m2 at 25 MPa Pf. Comparatively, the crystal free samples were mostly impermeable up to 15 MPa, with one sample having a measured Darcian permeability of -14.41±0.04 m2 at 15 MPa Pf and 73.3 vol % porosity. Although preliminary, our permeable 40 vol % experiment suggests the phenocrysts help the samples develop permeability at a higher ending pressure and potentially lower porosity. Differences in the porosity curve as a function of pressure between the 20 and 40 vol % series indicate phenocrysts influence the vesicle structures in ascending magmas.

The feasibility of a regional CTDI{sub vol} to estimate organ dose from tube current modulated CT exams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Khatonabadi, Maryam; Kim, Hyun J.; Lu, Peiyun

Purpose: In AAPM Task Group 204, the size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) was developed by providing size adjustment factors which are applied to the Computed Tomography (CT) standardized dose metric, CTDI{sub vol}. However, that work focused on fixed tube current scans and did not specifically address tube current modulation (TCM) scans, which are currently the majority of clinical scans performed. The purpose of this study was to extend the SSDE concept to account for TCM by investigating the feasibility of using anatomic and organ specific regions of scanner output to improve accuracy of dose estimates. Methods: Thirty-nine adult abdomen/pelvis and 32more » chest scans from clinically indicated CT exams acquired on a multidetector CT using TCM were obtained with Institutional Review Board approval for generating voxelized models. Along with image data, raw projection data were obtained to extract TCM functions for use in Monte Carlo simulations. Patient size was calculated using the effective diameter described in TG 204. In addition, the scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} (CTDI{sub vol,global}) was obtained for each patient, which is based on the average tube current across the entire scan. For the abdomen/pelvis scans, liver, spleen, and kidneys were manually segmented from the patient datasets; for the chest scans, lungs and for female models only, glandular breast tissue were segmented. For each patient organ doses were estimated using Monte Carlo Methods. To investigate the utility of regional measures of scanner output, regional and organ anatomic boundaries were identified from image data and used to calculate regional and organ-specific average tube current values. From these regional and organ-specific averages, CTDI{sub vol} values, referred to as regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol}, were calculated for each patient. Using an approach similar to TG 204, all CTDI{sub vol} values were used to normalize simulated organ doses; and the ability of each normalized dose to correlate with patient size was investigated. Results: For all five organs, the correlations with patient size increased when organ doses were normalized by regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol} values. For example, when estimating dose to the liver, CTDI{sub vol,global} yielded a R{sup 2} value of 0.26, which improved to 0.77 and 0.86, when using the regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol} for abdomen and liver, respectively. For breast dose, the global CTDI{sub vol} yielded a R{sup 2} value of 0.08, which improved to 0.58 and 0.83, when using the regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol} for chest and breasts, respectively. The R{sup 2} values also increased once the thoracic models were separated for the analysis into females and males, indicating differences between genders in this region not explained by a simple measure of effective diameter. Conclusions: This work demonstrated the utility of regional and organ-specific CTDI{sub vol} as normalization factors when using TCM. It was demonstrated that CTDI{sub vol,global} is not an effective normalization factor in TCM exams where attenuation (and therefore tube current) varies considerably throughout the scan, such as abdomen/pelvis and even thorax. These exams can be more accurately assessed for dose using regional CTDI{sub vol} descriptors that account for local variations in scanner output present when TCM is employed.« less

On relationship between aerosols and PM2.5

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sano, Itaru; Mukai, Sonoyo; Nakata, Makiko

2015-04-01

Since aerosol optical thickness (AOT) is a key parameter of aerosols and description of the Earth's radiation budget, it is widely measured from ground sun photometer network NASA/AERONET [Holben et al., 1998] and from satellite. Fine and surface level aerosol particle called PM2.5, whose diameter is 2.5 μ m or less, is a well-known parameter for understanding polluted level of air. Smirnov et al. reported a good agreement between ground based AERONET AOT (870 nm) and dust concentrations at Barbados [Smirnov et al., 2000]. Wang and Christopher founded a good correlation between satellite based MODIS AOT product and PM2.5 in Alabama area [Wang and 2003]. Long range transported dusts, particularly Asian dust events, are easy to change the vertical profile of aerosol extinction. The vertical profile is important to estimate PM information because both AOT information measured from ground or satellite are integrated value of aerosol extinction from ground to space, i.e. columnar AOT. Thus, we have also proposed correlations between ground level PM2.5 and AERONET AOT (670 nm) in two cases of ordinary air condition and dusty days [Sano et al., 2010]. In this work, we investigate the relationship between PM2.5 and AERONET AOT considering LIDAR measurements. Note that all of instruments are set up at the roof of the University building (50 m) and collocated in 10 m area. Surface-level AOT is derived from AERONET AOT multiplied by an averaged vertical aerosol extinction given by LIDAR. Note that the definition of surface-level AOT in this work is assumed as AOT up to 500 m height. Introduction of surface-level AOT enables to avoid the contamination of dusty aerosol signal existing at high altitude from columnar AOT. The cloud aerosol imager (CAI) on GOSAT satellite has four observing wavelengths, 380, 670, 870 nm, and 1.6 μ m. In this work three channels are selected to estimate aerosol information. Look-up table (LUT) method is applied to estimate the optical properties of aerosols, i.e., AOT, volume fraction of fine and coarse mode particles, also single scattering albedo. Here is brief description of our aerosol retrieval and PM2.5 estimation. 1. Atmospheric correction is applied for each channel image based on AERONET measurements, Averaged surface albedo is calculated based on 1 month window, 2. Aerosol optical properties are estimated by using surface albedo and satellite imagery. 3. Obtained columnar AOT information is converted to surface AOT with LIDAR data. 4. PM2.5 distribution is obtained from the relationship given in the above item 3. [Holben et al., 1998] B. N. Holben, T. F. Eck, I. Slutsker, D. Tanré, J.P. Buis, A. Setzer, E. Vermote, J. A. Reagan, Y. Kaufman, T. Nakajima, F. Lavenu, I. Jankowiak, and A. Smirnov, "AERONET - A federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization," Rem. Sens. Environ., Vol. 66, pp. 1-16, 1998. [Smirnov et al., 2000] A. Smirnov, B.N. Holben, D. Savoie, J.M. Prospero, Y.J. Kaufman, D. Tanré, T.F. Eck, and I. Slutsker, "Relationship between column aerosol optical thickness and in situ ground based dust concentrations over Barbados," Geophy. Res. Lett., Vol. 27, pp. 1643-1646, 2000. [Wang and Christopher, 2003] J. Wang and S. A. Christopher, "Intercomparison between satellite-derived aerosol optical thickness and PM2.5 mass: Implications for air quality studies," Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol. 30, 2095, doi:10.1029/2003GL018174, 2003. [Sano et al., 2010] I. Sano, M. Mukai (Nakata), N. Iguchi, and S. Mukai, "Suspended particulate matter sampling at an urban AERONET site in Japan, part 2: relationship between column aerosol optical thickness and PM2.5 concentration," J. Appl. Remote Sens., Vol. 4, 043504, doi:10.1117/1.3327930, 2010.

Constrained Adaptive Beamforming for Improved Contrast in Breast Ultrasound

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-06-01

Medical Imaging 2007: Ultrasonic Imaging and Signal Processing Proceedings, vol. 6513, San Diego , CA, Feb. 18, 2007. 12. Guenther, D.A., Walker...Transactions on, vol. 6, pp. 185-192, 1987. [23] A. P. Schachat, R. P. Murphy, and A. Patz, Medical Retina, vol. 2, 1 ed. St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby

CR extension from hypersurfaces of higher type

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baracco, Luca

2007-07-01

We prove extension of CR functions from a hypersurface M of in presence of the so-called sector property. If M has finite type in the Bloom-Graham sense, then our result is already contained in [C. Rea, Prolongement holomorphe des fonctions CR, conditions suffisantes, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 297 (1983) 163-166] by Rea. We think however, that the argument of our proof carries an expressive geometric meaning and deserves interest on its own right. Also, our method applies in some case to hypersurfaces of infinite type; note that for these, the classical methods fail. CR extension is treated by many authors mainly in two frames: extension in directions of iterated of commutators of CR vector fields (cf., for instance, [A. Boggess, J. Pitts, CR extension near a point of higher type, Duke Math. J. 52 (1) (1985) 67-102; A. Boggess, J.C. Polking, Holomorphic extension of CR functions, Duke Math. J. 49 (1982) 757-784. ; M.S. Baouendi, L. Rothschild, Normal forms for generic manifolds and holomorphic extension of CR functions, J. Differential Geom. 25 (1987) 431-467. ]); extension through minimality towards unprecised directions [A.E. Tumanov, Extension of CR-functions into a wedge, Mat. Sb. 181 (7) (1990) 951-964. ; A.E. Tumanov, Analytic discs and the extendibility of CR functions, in: Integral Geometry, Radon Transforms and Complex Analysis, Venice, 1996, in: Lecture Notes in Math., vol. 1684, Springer, Berlin, 1998, pp. 123-141].

End-tidal concentration of sevoflurane for preventing rocuronium-induced withdrawal of the arm in pediatric patients.

PubMed

Yeom, Jong Hoon; Kim, Yong Oh; Lee, Jae Min; Jeon, Woo Jae

2014-04-01

During induction of general anesthesia, the intravenous injection of rocuronium is often associated with withdrawal movement of the arm due to pain, and this abrupt withdrawal may result in dislodgement of the venous catheter, injury, or inadequate injection of rocuronium. We performed this study to evaluate the 50 and 95% effective end-tidal concentrations of sevoflurane (ETsev) for preventing rocuronium-induced withdrawal of the arm. We conducted a prospective double-blind study in 31 pediatric patients. After free flow of lactated Ringer's IV fluid was confirmed, anesthesia was induced in the patients by using 2.5% thiopental sodium (4 mg/kg) and sevoflurane (4 vol%) with 6 L/min of oxygen. When the target ETsev was reached, preservative-free 1% lidocaine (1.5 mg/kg) was intravenously injected during manual venous occlusion and rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg) was injected after lidocaine injection under free-flow intravenous fluid. A nurse who was an investigator and was blinded to the ETsev injected the rocuronium. The nurse evaluated the response. Non-withdrawal movement was observed in 5 out of 11 patients with ETsev 3.0 vol% and in 5 out of 6 patients with ETsev 3.5 vol%. By Dixon's up-and-down method, the 50% effective concentration (EC50) of sevoflurane for non-withdrawal movement at rocuronium injection was 3.1 ± 0.4 vol%. A logistic regression curve of the probability of non-withdrawal movements showed that the 50% effective ETsev for abolishing withdrawal movement at rocuronium injection was 2.9 vol% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4-3.8 vol%) and the 95% effective ETsev was 4.3 vol% (95% CI 3.6-9.8 vol%). This study showed that the 50 and 95% effective ETsev that prevent withdrawal movement at rocuronium injection are 2.9 and 4.3 vol%, respectively.

Oxygen requirements for formation and activity of the squalene expoxidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jahnke, L.; Klein, H. P.

1983-01-01

The effect of oxygen on squalene epoxidase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. In cells grown in standing cultures, the epoxidase was localized mainly in the 'mitochondrial' fraction. Upon aeration, enzyme activity increased and the newly formed enzyme was associated with the 'microsomal' fraction. At 0.03 percent (vol/vol) oxygen, epoxidase levels doubled, whereas the ergosterol level was only slightly increased. Cycloheximide inhibited the increase in epoxidase under these conditions. An apparent K sub m for oxygen of 0.38 percent (vol/vol) was determined from a crude particulate preparation for the epoxidase.

PF Documents-PFDS/HDSC/OWP

Science.gov Websites

Link Title Release Year Latest Revision NOAA Atlas 2 Vol 1 Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the Western United States, Montana 1973 1973 NOAA Atlas 2 Vol 2 Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the Western United States, Wyoming 1973 2006 NOAA Atlas 2 Vol 5 Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the Western United States

Residuals-Based Subgraph Detection with Cue Vertices

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-30

Workshop, 2012, pp. 129–132. [5] M. E. J. Newman , “Finding community structure in networks using the eigenvectors of matrices,” Phys. Rev. E, vol. 74, no...from Data, vol. 1, no. 1, 2007. [7] M. W. Mahoney , L. Orecchia, and N. K. Vishnoi, “A spectral algorithm for improving graph partitions,” CoRR, vol. abs

The Impetus Behind the Creation of the United States Naval Reserve

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-17

oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/Jefferson0136/Works/ Vol10 /0054-10_Pt04_1805.html; Internet; accessed 21 February, 2005. 17Henry Adams, History of the United...Vol. 10 (1803 – 1807). [book on-line] available from http://oll.libertyfund.org/Texts/Jefferson0136/Works/ Vol10 /0054- 10_Pt04_1805.html. Internet

Donald Glaser, the Bubble Chamber, and Elementary Particles

Science.gov Websites

Effects of Ionizing Radiation on the Formation of Bubbles in Liquids Physical Review, Vol. 87, Issue 4 , 665, August 15, 1952 Characteristics of Bubble Chambers Physical Review, Vol. 97, Issue 2, 474-479 Chambers Physical Review, Vol. 102, Issue 6, 1653-1658, June 15, 1956 Methods of Particle Detection for

Extreme events as foundation of Lévy walks with varying velocity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kutner, Ryszard

2002-11-01

In this work we study the role of extreme events [E.W. Montroll, B.J. West, in: J.L. Lebowitz, E.W. Montrell (Eds.), Fluctuation Phenomena, SSM, vol. VII, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1979, p. 63; J.-P. Bouchaud, M. Potters, Theory of Financial Risks from Statistical Physics to Risk Management, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001; D. Sornette, Critical Phenomena in Natural Sciences. Chaos, Fractals, Selforganization and Disorder: Concepts and Tools, Springer, Berlin, 2000] in determining the scaling properties of Lévy walks with varying velocity. This model is an extension of the well-known Lévy walks one [J. Klafter, G. Zumofen, M.F. Shlesinger, in M.F. Shlesinger, G.M. Zaslavsky, U. Frisch (Eds.), Lévy Flights and Related Topics ion Physics, Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 450, Springer, Berlin, 1995, p. 196; G. Zumofen, J. Klafter, M.F. Shlesinger, in: R. Kutner, A. Pȩkalski, K. Sznajd-Weron (Eds.), Anomalous Diffusion. From Basics to Applications, Lecture Note in Physics, vol. 519, Springer, Berlin, 1999, p. 15] introduced in the context of chaotic dynamics where a fixed value of the walker velocity is assumed for simplicity. Such an extension seems to be necessary when the open and/or complex system is studied. The model of Lévy walks with varying velocity is spanned on two coupled velocity-temporal hierarchies: the first one consisting of velocities and the second of corresponding time intervals which the walker spends between the successive turning points. Both these hierarchical structures are characterized by their own self-similar dimensions. The extreme event, which can appear within a given time interval, is defined as a single random step of the walker having largest length. By finding power-laws which describe the time-dependence of this displacement and its statistics we obtained two independent diffusion exponents, which are related to the above-mentioned dimensions and which characterize the extreme event kinetics. In this work we show the principal influence of extreme events on the basic quantities (one-step distributions and moments as well as two-step correlation functions) of the continuous-time random walk formalism. Besides, we construct both the waiting-time distribution and sojourn probability density directly in a real space and time in the scaling form by proper component analysis which takes into account all possible fluctuations of the walker steps in contrast to the extreme event analysis. In this work we pay our attention to the basic quantities, since the summarized multi-step ones were already discussed earlier [Physica A 264 (1999) 107; Comp. Phys. Commun. 147 (2002) 565]. Moreover, we study not only the scaling phenomena but also, assuming a finite number of hierarchy levels, the breaking of scaling and its dependence on control parameters. This seems to be important for studying empirical systems the more so as there are still no closed formulae describing this phenomenon except the one for truncated Lévy flights [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 (1994) 2946]. Our formulation of the model made possible to develop an efficient Monte Carlo algorithm [Physica A 264 (1999) 107; Comp. Phys. Commun. 147 (2002) 565] where no MC step is lost.

Evaluation of Gene Modification Strategies for the Development of Low-Alcohol-Wine Yeasts

PubMed Central

Kutyna, D. R.; Solomon, M. R.; Black, C. A.; Borneman, A.; Henschke, P. A.; Pretorius, I. S.; Chambers, P. J.

2012-01-01

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has evolved a highly efficient strategy for energy generation which maximizes ATP energy production from sugar. This adaptation enables efficient energy generation under anaerobic conditions and limits competition from other microorganisms by producing toxic metabolites, such as ethanol and CO2. Yeast fermentative and flavor capacity forms the biotechnological basis of a wide range of alcohol-containing beverages. Largely as a result of consumer demand for improved flavor, the alcohol content of some beverages like wine has increased. However, a global trend has recently emerged toward lowering the ethanol content of alcoholic beverages. One option for decreasing ethanol concentration is to use yeast strains able to divert some carbon away from ethanol production. In the case of wine, we have generated and evaluated a large number of gene modifications that were predicted, or known, to impact ethanol formation. Using the same yeast genetic background, 41 modifications were assessed. Enhancing glycerol production by increasing expression of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene, GPD1, was the most efficient strategy to lower ethanol concentration. However, additional modifications were needed to avoid negatively affecting wine quality. Two strains carrying several stable, chromosomally integrated modifications showed significantly lower ethanol production in fermenting grape juice. Strain AWRI2531 was able to decrease ethanol concentrations from 15.6% (vol/vol) to 13.2% (vol/vol), whereas AWRI2532 lowered ethanol content from 15.6% (vol/vol) to 12% (vol/vol) in both Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon juices. Both strains, however, produced high concentrations of acetaldehyde and acetoin, which negatively affect wine flavor. Further modifications of these strains allowed reduction of these metabolites. PMID:22729542

Comparison in muscle damage between maximal voluntary and electrically evoked isometric contractions of the elbow flexors.

PubMed

Jubeau, Marc; Muthalib, Makii; Millet, Guillaume Y; Maffiuletti, Nicola A; Nosaka, Kazunori

2012-02-01

This study compared between maximal voluntary (VOL) and electrically stimulated (ES) isometric contractions of the elbow flexors for changes in indirect markers of muscle damage to investigate whether ES would induce greater muscle damage than VOL. Twelve non-resistance-trained men (23-39 years) performed VOL with one arm and ES with the contralateral arm separated by 2 weeks in a randomised, counterbalanced order. Both VOL and ES (frequency 75 Hz, pulse duration 250 μs, maximally tolerated intensity) exercises consisted of 50 maximal isometric contractions (4-s on, 15-s off) of the elbow flexors at a long muscle length (160°). Changes in maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque (MVC), range of motion, muscle soreness, pressure pain threshold and serum creatine kinase (CK) activity were measured before, immediately after and 1, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h following exercise. The average peak torque over the 50 isometric contractions was greater (P < 0.05) for VOL (32.9 ± 9.8 N m) than ES (16.9 ± 6.3 N m). MVC decreased greater and recovered slower (P < 0.05) after ES (15% lower than baseline at 96 h) than VOL (full recovery). Serum CK activity increased (P < 0.05) only after ES, and the muscles became more sore and tender after ES than VOL (P < 0.05). These results showed that ES induced greater muscle damage than VOL despite the lower torque output during ES. It seems likely that higher mechanical stress imposed on the activated muscle fibres, due to the specificity of motor unit recruitment in ES, resulted in greater muscle damage.

Concentration measurements of biodiesel in engine oil and in diesel fuel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mäder, A.; Eskiner, M.; Burger, C.; Ruck, W.; Rossner, M.; Krahl, J.

2012-05-01

This work comprised a method for concentration measurements of biodiesel in engine oil as well as biodiesel in diesel fuel by a measurement of the permittivity of the mixture at a frequency range from 100 Hz to 20 kHz. For this purpose a special designed measurement cell with high sensitivity was designed. The results for the concentration measurements of biodiesel in the engine oil and diesel fuel shows linearity to the measurement cell signal for the concentration of biodiesel in the engine oil between 0.5% Vol. to 10% Vol. and for biodiesel in the diesel fuel between 0% Vol. to 100% Vol. The method to measure the concentration of biodiesel in the engine oil or the concentration of biodiesel in the diesel fuel is very accurate and low concentration of about 0.5% Vol. biodiesel in engine oil or in diesel fuel can be measured with high accuracy.

Adaptive re-tracking algorithm for retrieval of water level variations and wave heights from satellite altimetry data for middle-sized inland water bodies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Troitskaya, Yuliya; Lebedev, Sergey; Soustova, Irina; Rybushkina, Galina; Papko, Vladislav; Baidakov, Georgy; Panyutin, Andrey

One of the recent applications of satellite altimetry originally designed for measurements of the sea level [1] is associated with remote investigation of the water level of inland waters: lakes, rivers, reservoirs [2-7]. The altimetry data re-tracking algorithms developed for open ocean conditions (e.g. Ocean-1,2) [1] often cannot be used in these cases, since the radar return is significantly contaminated by reflection from the land. The problem of minimization of errors in the water level retrieval for inland waters from altimetry measurements can be resolved by re-tracking satellite altimetry data. Recently, special re-tracking algorithms have been actively developed for re-processing altimetry data in the coastal zone when reflection from land strongly affects echo shapes: threshold re-tracking, The other methods of re-tracking (threshold re-tracking, beta-re-tracking, improved threshold re-tracking) were developed in [9-11]. The latest development in this field is PISTACH product [12], in which retracking bases on the classification of typical forms of telemetric waveforms in the coastal zones and inland water bodies. In this paper a novel method of regional adaptive re-tracking based on constructing a theoretical model describing the formation of telemetric waveforms by reflection from the piecewise constant model surface corresponding to the geography of the region is considered. It was proposed in [13, 14], where the algorithm for assessing water level in inland water bodies and in the coastal zone of the ocean with an error of about 10-15 cm was constructed. The algorithm includes four consecutive steps: - constructing a local piecewise model of a reflecting surface in the neighbourhood of the reservoir; - solving a direct problem by calculating the reflected waveforms within the framework of the model; - imposing restrictions and validity criteria for the algorithm based on waveform modelling; - solving the inverse problem by retrieving a tracking point by the improved threshold algorithm. The possibility of determination of significant wave height (SWH) in the lakes through a two-step adaptive retracking is also studied. Calculation of the parameter SWH for Gorky Reservoir from May 2010 to March 2014 showed the anomalously high values of SWH, derived from altimetry data [15], which means that the calibration of this SWH for inland waters is required. Calibration ground measurements were performed at Gorky reservoir in 2011-2013, when wave height, wind speed and air temperature were collected by equipment placed on a buoy [15] collocated with Jason-1 and Jason-2 altimetry data acquisition. The results obtained on the basis of standard algorithm and method for adaptive re-tracking at Rybinsk , Gorky , Kuibyshev , Saratov and Volgograd reservoirs and middle-sized lakes of Russia: Chany, Segozero, Hanko, Oneko, Beloye, water areas of which are intersected by the Jason-1,2 tracks, were compared and their correlation with the observed data of hydrological stations in reservoirs and lakes was investigated. It was noted that the Volgograd reservoir regional re-tracking to determine the water level , while the standard GDR data are practically absent. REFERENCES [1] AVISO/Altimetry. User Handbook. Merged TOPEX/ POSEIDON Products. Edition 3.0. AVISO. Toulouse., 1996. [2] C.M. Birkett et al., “Surface water dynamics in the Amazon Basin: Application of satellite radar altimetry,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 107, pp. 8059, 2002. [3] G. Brown, “The average impulse response of a rough surface and its applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 25, pp. 67-74, 1977. [4] I.O. Campos et al., “Temporal variations of river basin waters from Topex/Poseidon satellite altimetry. Application to the Amazon basin,” Earth and Planetary Sciences, vol. 333, pp. 633-643, 2001. [5] A.V. Kouraev et al., “Ob’ river discharge from TOPEX/Poseidon satellite altimetry (1992-2002),” Rem. Sens. Environ., vol. 93, pp. 238-245, 2004. [6] S.A. Lebedev, and A.G. Kostianoy, Satellite Altimetry of the Caspian Sea. Moscow : MORE, [in Russian], 2005. [7] P. A. M. Berry et al., “Global inland water monitoring from multi-mission altimetry”, Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 32, pp. L16401, 2005. [8] S. Calmant, and F. Seyler, “Continental surface waters from satellite altimetry,” Geosciences C.R., vol. 338, pp. 1113-1122, 2006. [9] C. H. Davis, “A robust threshold retracking algorithm for measuring ice sheet surface elevation change from satellite radar altimeters,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 35, pp. 974-979, 1997. [10] X. Deng, and W. E. Featherstone, “A coastal retracking system for satellite radar altimeter waveforms: Application to ERS-2 around Australia,” J. Geophys. Res., vol. 111, pp. C06012, 2006. [11] J. Guo et al., “Lake level variations monitored with satellite altimetry waveform retracking,” IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Obs., vol. 2(2), pp. 80-86, 2009. [12] Mercier F., Rosmorduc V., Carrere L., Thibaut P., Coastal and Hydrology Altimetry product (PISTACH) handbook. Version 1.0. 2010. [13] Yu.Troitskaya et al., “Satellite altimetry of inland water bodies,” Water Resources, vol. 39(2), pp.184-199, 2012. [14] Yu.Troitskaya et al., “Adaptive retracking of Jason-1 altimetry data for inland waters: the example of the Gorky Reservoir”, Int. J. Rem. Sens., vol. 33, pp. 7559-7578, 2012. [15] Yu.Troitskaya et al., , "Adaptive retracking of Jason-1,2 satellite altimetry data for the Volga river reservoirs ," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Obs., issue 99, 2013, doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2013.2267092.

Disposing of High-Level Radioactive Waste in Germany - A Note from the Licensing Authority - 12530

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pick, Thomas Stefan; Bluth, Joachim; Lauenstein, Christof

Following the national German consensus on the termination of utilisation of nuclear energy in the summer of 2011, the Federal and Laender Governments have declared their intention to work together on a national consensus on the disposal of radioactive waste as well. Projected in the early 1970's the Federal Government had started exploring the possibility to establish a repository for HLW at the Gorleben site in 1977. However, there is still no repository available in Germany today. The delay results mainly from the national conflict over the suitability of the designated Gorleben site, considerably disrupting German society along the crevicemore » that runs between supporters and opponents of nuclear energy. The Gorleben salt dome is situated in Lower Saxony, the German state that also hosts the infamous Asse mine repository for LLW and ILW and the Konrad repository project designated to receive LLW and ILW as well. With the fourth German project, the Morsleben L/ILW repository only 20 km away across the state border, the state of Lower Saxony carries the main load for the disposal of radioactive waste in Germany. After more than 25 years of exploration and a 10 year moratorium the Gorleben project has now reached a cross-road. Current plans for setting up a new site selection procedure in Germany call for the selection and exploration of up to four alternative sites, depending only on suitable geology. In the meantime the discussion is still open on whether the Gorleben project should be terminated in order to pacify the societal conflict or being kept in the selection process on account of its promising geology. The Lower Saxony Ministry for Environment and Climate Protection proposes to follow a twelve-step-program for finding the appropriate site, including the Gorleben site in the process. With its long history of exploration the site is the benchmark that alternative sites will have to compare with. Following the national consensus of 2011 on the termination of nuclear energy utilisation, it is now the time to reach a national consensus on the disposal of radioactive waste as well. This is a task that the country and society, federal and state governments, political parties and the citizens will have to jointly master within the current generation and within German territory. The basis for the consensus will be a reset to the beginning of this process. It has to start with a new site selection procedure that will take into account and compare up to four alternative sites. This procedure will have to follow the principle of highest possible security. It should be based on a stepwise approach, strictly following scientific criteria. Public confidence in the process and trust can only be achieved by a transparent procedure allowing for the participation of the public and the stakeholders. It is therefore mandatory to consult, both on a national and regional level, all involved parties (public authority, scientist and citizen). The national consensus must also include a decision on the future of the Gorleben exploratory site. The site selection procedure must therefore take this site into account as well. Furthermore, the final decision on safe disposal of German radioactive wastes must be made by sovereign rule by Federal Parliament and Federal Council. (authors)« less

Physics in perspective, volume 2. Part B: The interfaces

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1973-01-01

Detailed information of physics subfields and interface areas are presented. Topics discussed include: astrophysics and relativity, earth and planetary physics, physics in chemistry, physics in biology, instrumentation, education, and dissemination and use of the information of physics. For Vol. 1, see N72-28706; for excerpt from Vol. 1, see N72-29689; for Vol. 2, Pt. A, see N73-15706.

Laser And Microwave Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Basis for a New Detection Technique for Chemical and Biological Agents

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-06-01

Chem. , vol. 72, pp. 721A-776A, 2000. [2] V. Majidi and M. R. Joseph, “Spectroscopic applications of laser-induced plasmas,” Crit. Rev. Analyt...Chem., vol. 23, pp. 143-162, 1992. [3] V. Majidi , “Laser-induced plasmas: A versatile tool for chemical analysis,” Spectroscopy, vol. 8, pp. 16-24

Strategic Airpower Elements in Interwar German Air Force Doctrine

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-06-01

Criminals Before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremburg 14 November 1945 - 1 October 1946, vol. 9 ( Nuremburg : International Military Tribunal, 1947...War Criminals Before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremburg 14 November 1945 - 1 October 1946, vol. 9 ( Nuremburg : International Military...Military Tribunal. Trial of the Major War Criminals Before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremburg 14 November 1945 - 1 October 1946, vol. 9

An Exploratory Case Study of Information-Sharing and Collaboration within Air Force Supply Chain Management

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-03-01

International Journal of Production Economics , Vol. 93-94, pp. 53-99, 2005. -----. “Approximate...Optimization of a Two-level Distribution Inventory System,” International Journal of Production Economics , Vol. 81-81, pp. 545-553, 2003...Scaling Down Multi-Echelon Inventory Problems,” International Journal of Production Economics , Vol. 71, pp. 255-261, 2001. Axsater, Sven

AGARD Flight Test Techniques Series. Volume 12. The Principles of Flight Test Assessment of Flight-Safety-Critical Systems in Helicopters (Les Principes de l’Evaluation, dans le Cadre des Essais en Vol, des Systemes Indispensables a la Securite de Vol des Helicopteres)

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-08-01

AGARD-AG-300 Vol. 12 04 ADVISORY GROUP FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 7 RUE ANCELLE, 92200 NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE AUG 0195 AGARDograph 300...AGARD Flight Test Techniques Series Volume 12 on The Principles of Flight Test Assessment of Flight-Safety-Critical Systems in Helicopters (Les...and Availability on Back Cover AGARD-AG-300 Vol. 12 ADVISORY GROUP FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 7 RUE ANCELLE, 92200 NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE

Elevated-Temperature Mechanical Properties of Lead-Free Sn-0.7Cu- xSiC Nanocomposite Solders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohammadi, A.; Mahmudi, R.

2018-02-01

Mechanical properties of Sn-0.7 wt.%Cu lead-free solder alloy reinforced with 0 vol.%, 1 vol.%, 2 vol.%, and 3 vol.% 100-nm SiC particles have been assessed using the shear punch testing technique in the temperature range from 25°C to 125°C. The composite materials were fabricated by the powder metallurgy route by blending, compacting, sintering, and finally extrusion. The 2 vol.% SiC-containing composite showed superior mechanical properties. In all conditions, the shear strength was adversely affected by increasing test temperature, and the 2 vol.% SiC-containing composite showed superior mechanical properties. Depending on the test temperature, the shear yield stress and ultimate shear strength increased, respectively, by 3 MPa to 4 MPa and 4 MPa to 5.5 MPa, in the composite materials. The strength enhancement was mostly attributed to the Orowan particle strengthening mechanism due to the SiC nanoparticles, and to a lesser extent to the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between the particles and matrix in the composite solder. A modified shear lag model was used to predict the total strengthening achieved by particle addition, based on the contribution of each of the above mechanisms.

Study of self-ion irradiated nanostructured ferritic alloy (NFA) and silicon carbide-nanostructured ferritic alloy (SiC-NFA) cladding materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ning, Kaijie; Bai, Xianming; Lu, Kathy

2018-07-01

Silicon carbide-nanostructured ferritic alloy (SiC-NFA) materials are expected to have the beneficial properties of each component for advanced nuclear claddings. Fabrication of pure NFA (0 vol% SiC-100 vol% NFA) and SiC-NFAs (2.5 vol% SiC-97.5 vol% NFA, 5 vol% SiC-95 vol% NFA) has been reported in our previous work. This paper is focused on the study of radiation damage in these materials under 5 MeV Fe++ ion irradiation with a dose up to ∼264 dpa. It is found that the material surfaces are damaged to high roughness with irregularly shaped ripples, which can be explained by the Bradley-Harper (B-H) model. The NFA matrix shows ion irradiation induced defect clusters and small dislocation loops, while the crystalline structure is maintained. Reaction products of Fe3Si and Cr23C6 are identified in the SiC-NFA materials, with the former having a partially crystalline structure but the latter having a fully amorphous structure upon irradiation. The different radiation damage behaviors of NFA, Fe3Si, and Cr23C6 are explained using the defect reaction rate theory.

Geology and radiometric dating of Quaternary monogenetic volcanism in the western Zacapu lacustrine basin (Michoacán, México): implications for archeology and future hazard evaluations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reyes-Guzmán, Nanci; Siebe, Claus; Chevrel, Magdalena Oryaëlle; Guilbaud, Marie-Noëlle; Salinas, Sergio; Layer, Paul

2018-02-01

The Zacapu lacustrine basin is located in the north-central part of the Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field (MGVF), which constitutes the west-central segment of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Geological mapping of a 395 km2 quadrangle encompassing the western margin of the basin, 40Ar/39Ar and 14C radiometric dating, whole-rock chemical and petrographic analyses of volcanic products provide information on the stratigraphy, erupted volumes, age, and composition of the volcanoes. Although volcanism in the MGVF initiated since at least 5 Ma ago, rocks in the western Zacapu lacustrine basin are all younger than 2.1 Ma. A total of 47 volcanoes were identified and include 19 viscous lava flows ( 40 vol.%), 17 scoria cones with associated lava flows ( 36 vol.%), seven lava shields ( 15 vol.%), three domes ( 6 vol.%), and one maar ( 2 vol.%). Erupted products are dominantly andesites with 42 km3 ( 86 vol.%) followed by 4 km3 of dacite ( 8 vol.%), 1.4 km3 of basaltic trachy-andesite ( 3 vol.%), 1 km3 of basaltic andesite ( 2 vol.%), and 0.14 km3 of rhyolite ( 0.3 vol.%). Eruptive centers are commonly aligned ENE-WSW following the direction of the regional Cuitzeo Fault System. Over time, the high frequency of eruptions and consequent accumulation of lavas and pyroclastic materials pushed the lake's shore stepwise toward the southeast. Eruptions appear to have clustered through time. One cluster occurred during the Late Pleistocene between 27,000 and 21,300 BC when four volcanoes erupted. A second cluster formed during the Late Holocene, between 1500 BC and AD 900, when four closely spaced monogenetic vents erupted forming thick viscous `a'a to blocky flows on the margin of the lacustrine flats. For still poorly understood reasons, these apparently inhospitable lava flows were attractive to human settlement and eventually became one of the most densely populated heartlands of the pre-Hispanic Tarascan civilization. With an average eruption recurrence interval of 900 years during the Late Holocene the western Zacapu lacustrine basin is one of the most active areas in the MGVF and should hence be of focal interest for regional volcanic risk evaluations.

Stationary table CT dosimetry and anomalous scanner-reported values of CTDI{sub vol}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dixon, Robert L., E-mail: rdixon@wfubmc.edu; Boone, John M.

2014-01-15

Purpose: Anomalous, scanner-reported values of CTDI{sub vol} for stationary phantom/table protocols (having elevated values of CTDI{sub vol} over 300% higher than the actual dose to the phantom) have been observed; which are well-beyond the typical accuracy expected of CTDI{sub vol} as a phantom dose. Recognition of these outliers as “bad data” is important to users of CT dose index tracking systems (e.g., ACR DIR), and a method for recognition and correction is provided. Methods: Rigorous methods and equations are presented which describe the dose distributions for stationary-table CT. A comparison with formulae for scanner-reported values of CTDI{sub vol} clearly identifiesmore » the source of these anomalies. Results: For the stationary table, use of the CTDI{sub 100} formula (applicable to a moving phantom only) overestimates the dose due to extra scatter and also includes an overbeaming correction, both of which are nonexistent when the phantom (or patient) is held stationary. The reported DLP remains robust for the stationary phantom. Conclusions: The CTDI-paradigm does not apply in the case of a stationary phantom and simpler nonintegral equations suffice. A method of correction of the currently reported CTDI{sub vol} using the approach-to-equilibrium formula H(a) and an overbeaming correction factor serves to scale the reported CTDI{sub vol} values to more accurate levels for stationary-table CT, as well as serving as an indicator in the detection of “bad data.”.« less

Non-invasive ventilation effectiveness and the effect of ventilatory mode on survival in ALS patients.

PubMed

Sancho, Jesus; Servera, Emilio; Morelot-Panzini, Capucine; Salachas, François; Similowski, Thomas; Gonzalez-Bermejo, Jesus

2014-03-01

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) prolongs survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but there are no data with which to compare the effectiveness of the different ventilator modes - volume (Vol-NIV) or pressure-cycled (Pres-NIV) ventilation - in ALS. We aimed to determine whether the ventilatory mode has an effect on ventilation effectiveness and survival of ALS patients using NIV. We used a retrospective study that included all ALS patients for whom NIV was indicated in two referral units: one using Vol-NIV and the other using Pres-NIV. Demographic, functional and nocturnal gas exchange parameters at NIV initiation were recorded. Eighty-two ALS patients ventilated using Pres-NIV and 62 using Vol-NIV were included. No differences were found in survival from NIV initiation between Vol-NIV (median 15.00 (7.48-22.41) months) and Pres-NIV (median 15.00 (10.25-19.75) months, p = 0.533) patients. Effective NIV was achieved in 72.41% Vol-NIV patients and in 48.78% Pres-NIV patients (p < 0.001). Ventilator mode (OR 12.066 (4.251-32.270), p < 0.001) and severity of bulbar dysfunction (OR 1.07 (1.011-1.133), p = 0.02) were the variables correlated with effective NIV. In conclusion, although Vol-NIV provides more effective ventilation, Vol-NIV and Pres-NIV present similar survival in ALS. Effectiveness of NIV is related to the severity of bulbar dysfunction.

Small, Short Duration Technical Team Dynamics

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-01

Organizations and a Strategy of Implementation. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. October, pp. 98-111. Ivancevich , John M. 1974. A Study of a Cognitive...Training Program: Trainer Styles and Group Development. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 17, No. 3, p. 428. 315 Ivancevich , John M. and J...Vol. 90, pp. 141-153. Lyon , J. Michael. 2003. Mentoring of Scientists and Engineers: Dyadic and Formality Effects on Career Development and

Survey of Research into Electromagnetic and Other Wave Effects on Mechanical Behavior and Processing of Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

Suisse des Electriciens, Vol. 64, No. 16, 1973, 991-997. 469. U. Becker, and G. Strese, "Welding of Plastics", Kunststoffe , Vol. 59, No. 10, 1969, 679-684...Magnetic Fields", Kautschuk und Gummi Kunststoffe , Vol. 39, No. 12, 1986, 1182-1185. 681. T. A. Manko, A. N. Kvasha, A. V. Solovev, and I. M. Ermolaev

Identification des parametres du moteur de l'avion Cessna Citation X pour la phase de croisiere a partir des tests en vol et a base des reseaux de neurones =

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zaag, Mahdi

La disponibilite des modeles precis des avions est parmi les elements cles permettant d'assurer leurs ameliorations. Ces modeles servent a ameliorer les commandes de vol et de concevoir de nouveaux systemes aerodynamiques pour la conception des ailes deformables des avions. Ce projet consiste a concevoir un systeme d'identification de certains parametres du modele du moteur de l'avion d'affaires americain Cessna Citation X pour la phase de croisiere a partir des essais en vol. Ces essais ont ete effectues sur le simulateur de vol concu et fabrique par CAE Inc. qui possede le niveau D de la dynamique de vol. En effet, le niveau D est le plus haut niveau de precision donne par l'autorite federale de reglementation FAA de l'aviation civile aux Etats-Unis. Une methodologie basee sur les reseaux de neurones optimises a l'aide d'un algorithme intitule le "grand deluge etendu" est utilisee dans la conception de ce systeme d'identification. Plusieurs tests de vol pour differentes altitudes et differents nombres de Mach ont ete realises afin de s'en servir comme bases de donnees pour l'apprentissage des reseaux de neurones. La validation de ce modele a ete realisee a l'aide des donnees du simulateur. Malgre la nonlinearite et la complexite du systeme, les parametres du moteur ont ete tres bien predits pour une enveloppe de vol determinee. Ce modele estime pourrait etre utilise pour des analyses de fonctionnement du moteur et pourrait assurer le controle de l'avion pendant cette phase de croisiere. L'identification des parametres du moteur pourrait etre realisee aussi pour les autres phases de montee et de descente afin d'obtenir son modele complet pour toute l'enveloppe du vol de l'avion Cessna Citation X (montee, croisiere, descente). Cette methode employee dans ce travail pourrait aussi etre efficace pour realiser un modele pour l'identification des coefficients aerodynamiques du meme avion a partir toujours des essais en vol. None None None

A Comparison of Four Gravimetric Fine Particle Sampling Methods.

PubMed

Yanosky, Jeff D; Maclntosh, David L

2001-06-01

A study was conducted to compare four gravimetric methods of measuring fine particle (PM 2.5 ) concentrations in air: the BGI, Inc. PQ200 Federal Reference Method PM 2.5 (FRM) sampler; the Harvard-Marple Impactor (HI); the BGI, Inc. GK2.05 KTL Respirable/Thoracic Cyclone (KTL); and the AirMetrics MiniVol (MiniVol). Pairs of FRM, HI, and KTL samplers and one MiniVol sampler were collocated and 24-hr integrated PM 2.5 samples were collected on 21 days from January 6 through April 9, 2000. The mean and standard deviation of PM 2.5 levels from the FRM samplers were 13.6 and 6.8 μg/m 3 , respectively. Significant systematic bias was found between mean concentrations from the FRM and the MiniVol (1.14 μg/m 3 , p = 0.0007), the HI and the MiniVol (0.85 μg/m 3 , p = 0.0048), and the KTL and the MiniVol (1.23 μg/m 3 , p = 0.0078) according to paired t test analyses. Linear regression on all pairwise combinations of the sampler types was used to evaluate measurements made by the samplers. None of the regression intercepts was significantly different from 0, and only two of the regression slopes were significantly different from 1, that for the FRM and the MiniVol [β 1 = 0.91, 95% CI (0.83-0.99)] and that for the KTL and the MiniVol [ = 0.88, 95% CI (0.78-0.98)]. Regression R 2 terms were 0.96 or greater between all pairs of samplers, and regression root mean square error terms (RMSE) were 1.65 μg/m 3 or less. These results suggest that the MiniVol will underestimate measurements made by the FRM, the HI, and the KTL by an amount proportional to PM 2.5 concentration. Nonetheless, these results indicate that all of the sampler types are comparable if ~10% variation on the mean levels and on individual measurement levels is considered acceptable and the actual concentration is within the range of this study (5-35 μg/m 3 ).

A comparison of four gravimetric fine particle sampling methods.

PubMed

Yanosky, J D; MacIntosh, D L

2001-06-01

A study was conducted to compare four gravimetric methods of measuring fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations in air: the BGI, Inc. PQ200 Federal Reference Method PM2.5 (FRM) sampler; the Harvard-Marple Impactor (HI); the BGI, Inc. GK2.05 KTL Respirable/Thoracic Cyclone (KTL); and the AirMetrics MiniVol (MiniVol). Pairs of FRM, HI, and KTL samplers and one MiniVol sampler were collocated and 24-hr integrated PM2.5 samples were collected on 21 days from January 6 through April 9, 2000. The mean and standard deviation of PM2.5 levels from the FRM samplers were 13.6 and 6.8 microg/m3, respectively. Significant systematic bias was found between mean concentrations from the FRM and the MiniVol (1.14 microg/m3, p = 0.0007), the HI and the MiniVol (0.85 microg/m3, p = 0.0048), and the KTL and the MiniVol (1.23 microg/m3, p = 0.0078) according to paired t test analyses. Linear regression on all pairwise combinations of the sampler types was used to evaluate measurements made by the samplers. None of the regression intercepts was significantly different from 0, and only two of the regression slopes were significantly different from 1, that for the FRM and the MiniVol [beta1 = 0.91, 95% CI (0.83-0.99)] and that for the KTL and the MiniVol [beta1 = 0.88, 95% CI (0.78-0.98)]. Regression R2 terms were 0.96 or greater between all pairs of samplers, and regression root mean square error terms (RMSE) were 1.65 microg/m3 or less. These results suggest that the MiniVol will underestimate measurements made by the FRM, the HI, and the KTL by an amount proportional to PM2.5 concentration. Nonetheless, these results indicate that all of the sampler types are comparable if approximately 10% variation on the mean levels and on individual measurement levels is considered acceptable and the actual concentration is within the range of this study (5-35 microg/m3).

Sanibel Symposium in the Petascale-Exascale Computational Era

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cheng, Hai-Ping

The 56 th Sanibel Symposium was held February 14-19 2016 at the King and Prince Hotel, St. Simons Island, GA. It successfully brought quantum chemists and chemical and condensed matter physicists together in presentations, posters, and informal discussions bridging those two communities. The Symposium has had a significant role in preparing generations of quantum theorists. As computational potency and algorithmic sophistication have grown, the Symposium has evolved to emphasize more heavily computationally oriented method development in chemistry and materials physics, including nanoscience, complex molecular phenomena, and even bio-molecular methods and problems. Given this context, the 56 th Sanibel meeting systematicallymore » and deliberately had sessions focused on exascale computation. A selection of outstanding theoretical problems that need serious attention was included. Five invited sessions, two contributed sessions (hot topics), and a poster session were organized with the exascale theme. This was a historic milestone in the evolution of the Symposia. Just as years ago linear algebra, perturbation theory, density matrices, and band-structure methods dominated early Sanibel Symposia, the exascale sessions of the 56 thmeeting contributed a transformative influence to add structure and strength to the computational physical science community in an unprecedented way. A copy of the full program of the 56 th Symposium is attached. The exascale sessions were Linear Scaling, Non-Adabatic Dynamics, Interpretive Theory and Models, Computation, Software, and Algorithms, and Quantum Monte Carlo. The Symposium Proceedings will be published in Molecular Physics (2017). Note that the Sanibel proceedings from 2015 and 2014 were published as Molecular Physics vol. 114, issue 3-4 (2016) and vol. 113, issue 3-4 (2015) respectively.« less

Carbon trace gases in lake and beaver pond ice near Thompson, Manitoba, Canada

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuhlbusch, Thomas A. J.; Zepp, Richard G.

1999-11-01

Concentrations of CO2, CO, and CH4 were measured in beaver pond and lake ice in April 1996 near Thompson, Manitoba to derive information on possible impacts of ice melting on corresponding atmospheric trace gas concentrations. CH4 concentrations in beaver pond and lake ice ranged between 0.3-150 mmol m-3 and 3.1-56.2 μmol m-3, respectively. The corresponding CO concentrations showed no significant differences between the two lakes. They varied between 50 and 250 μmol m-3. These CO concentrations are some of the highest determined in any aquatic system. The differences in CH4 concentrations between lake and pond can be explained by the differences in production and microbial oxidation rates between the two systems. No explanation can be given for the similar CO concentrations. Supersaturation factors for CO were 660±130 and 630±330, and 65-35000 and 0.6-13 for CH4 in the ice of the beaver pond and Troy Lake, respectively. When digging into the beaver pond ice, a continuous flow of bubbles with 0.32±0.06 vol% CH4, 2.2±0.3 vol% CO2, and 482±98 ppb CO coming out of the slash ice for about 20-30 minutes was noticed. Wintertime flux estimates of CH4 and CO showed that they represent at minimum 6.4% and 2.2% of that of the summer. It has to be noted that these wintertime fluxes will mostly be released to the atmosphere during the time of snowmelt, thus a limited time period of weeks.

Written Communication Skills for Scientists and Engineers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Narayanan, M.

2016-12-01

Lord Chancellor, Francis Bacon of England said: Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. Even after his death, Francis Bacon remained extremely influential through his works, especially as philosophical advocate and practitioner of the scientific method during the scientific revolution. Written communication skills are extremely important for scientists and engineers because it helps them to achieve their goals effectively and meet stipulated deadlines according to a pre-established schedule. Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa claim that American students are learning very little during their first two years of college (Arum and Roksa, 2011). Written communication involves expressing yourself clearly, using language with precision; constructing a logical argument; taking notes; editing and summarizing; and writing reports. There are three main elements to written communication. First and foremost is the structure because this in principle outlines clearly the way the entire content is laid out. Second, the style which primarily indicates the way it is written and how communication is made effective and vibrant. Third, the content which should document in complete detail, what you are writing about. Some researchers indicate that colleges and universities are failing to prepare the students to meet the demanding challenges of the present day workforce and are struggling to maintain an international status (Johnson, K. 2013). In this presentation, the author provides some guidelines to help students improve their written communication skills. References: Johnson, Kristine (2013) "Why Students Don't Write: Educating in the Era of Credentialing: Academically Adrift: Limited Learning on College Campuses," Conversations on Jesuit Higher Education: Vol. 43, Article 9. Available at: http://epublications.marquette.edu/conversations/vol43/iss1/9 Arum, Richard and Roksa, Josipa (2011) Academically Adrift: Limited Learning on College Campuses. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. (ISBN 9780226028569)

Formation of core-shell structured complex microparticles during fabrication of magnetorheological elastomers and their magnetorheological behavior

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Yonghong; Zhang, Xinru; Chung, Kyungho; Liu, Chengcen; Choi, Seung-Bok; Choi, Hyoung Jin

2016-11-01

To improve mechanical and magnetorheological properties of magnetorheological elastomers (MREs), a facile method was used to fabricate high-performance MREs which consisted of the core-shell complex microparticles with an organic-inorganic network structure dispersed in an ethylene propylene diene rubber. In this work, the proposed magnetic complex microparticles were in situ formed during MREs fabrication as a result of strong interaction between matrix and CIPs using carbon black as a connecting point. The morphology of both isotropic (i-MREs) and anisotropic MREs (a-MREs) was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects of carbonyl iron particle (CIP) volume content on mechanical properties and hysteresis loss of MREs were investigated. The effects of CIP volume content on the shear storage modulus, MR effect and loss tangent were studied using a modified dynamic mechanical analyzer under applied magnetic field strengths. The results showed that the orientation effect became more pronounced with increasing CIPs in the a-MREs, whereas CIPs distributed uniformly in the i-MREs. The tensile strength, tear strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing CIP content up to 40 vol.%, while the hardness increased. It is worth noting that the tensile strength of i-MREs and a-MREs containing 40 vol.% CIPs still had high mechanical properties as a result of good compatibility between complex microparticles and rubber matrix. The MR performance of shear storage modulus and damping properties of MREs increased remarkably with CIP content due to strong dipole-dipole interaction of complex microparticles. Besides, the hysteresis loss increased with increasing CIP content as a result of magnetic field induced interfacial sliding between complex microparticles.

Characterization of carbon-14 generated by the nuclear power industry. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Eabry, S.; Vance, J.N.; Cline, J.E.

1995-11-01

This report describes an evaluation of C-14 production rates in light-water reactors (LWRs) and characterization of its chemical speciation and environmental behavior. The study estimated the total production rate of the nuclide in operating PWRs and BWRs along with the assessment of the C-14 content of solid radwaste. The major source of production of C-14 in both PWR`s and BWRs was the activation of 0-17 in the water molecule and of N-14 dissolved in reactor coolant. The production of C-14 was estimated to range from 7 Ci/GW(e)-year to 11 Ci/GW(e)-year. The estimated range of the quantity of C-14 in LLWmore » was 1-2 Ci/ reactor-year which compares favorably with data obtained from shipping manifests. The environmental behavior of C-14 associated with low-level waste (LLW) disposal is greatly dependent upon its chemical speciation. This scoping study was performed to help identify the occurrence of inorganic and organic forms of C-14 in reactor coolant water and in primary coolant demineralization resins. These represent the major source for C-14 in LLW from nuclear power stations. Also, the behavior of inorganic and two of the organic forms of C-14 on soil uptake was determined by measuring distribution coefficients (Kd`s) on two soil types and a cement, using two different groundwater types. This study confirms that C-14 concentrations are significantly higher in the primary coolant from PWR stations compared to BWR stations. The C-14 followed trends of Co-60 generation during primary coolant demineralization at all but one of the stations examined. However, the C-14/Co-60 activity ratios measured by this study in resin samples through which samples of coolant were drawn were about 8 to 42 times higher than those reported for waste samples in the industry data base for PWR stations, and 15 to 730 times lower for the BWR stations.« less

Low Level Waste Conceptual Design Adaption to Poor Geological Conditions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bell, J.; Drimmer, D.; Giovannini, A.

2002-02-26

Since the early eighties, several studies have been carried out in Belgium with respect to a repository for the final disposal of low-level radioactive waste (LLW). In 1998, the Belgian Government decided to restrict future investigations to the four existing nuclear sites in Belgium or sites that might show interest. So far, only two existing nuclear sites have been thoroughly investigated from a geological and hydrogeological point of view. These sites are located in the North-East (Mol-Dessel) and in the mid part (Fleurus-Farciennes) of the country. Both sites have the disadvantage of presenting poor geological and hydrogeological conditions, which aremore » rather unfavorable to accommodate a surface disposal facility for LLW. The underground of the Mol-Dessel site consists of neogene sand layers of about 180 m thick which cover a 100 meters thick clay layer. These neogene sands contain, at 20 m depth, a thin clayey layer. The groundwater level is quite close to the surface (0-2m) and finally, the topography is almost totally flat. The upper layer of the Fleurus-Farciennes site consists of 10 m silt with poor geomechanical characteristics, overlying sands (only a few meters thick) and Westphalian shales between 15 and 20 m depth. The Westphalian shales are tectonized and strongly weathered. In the past, coal seams were mined out. This activity induced locally important surface subsidence. For both nuclear sites that were investigated, a conceptual design was made that could allow any unfavorable geological or hydrogeological conditions of the site to be overcome. In Fleurus-Farciennes, for instance, the proposed conceptual design of the repository is quite original. It is composed of a shallow, buried concrete cylinder, surrounded by an accessible concrete ring, which allows permanent inspection and control during the whole lifetime of the repository. Stability and drainage systems should be independent of potential differential settlements an d subsidences. Potential radionuclides releases are controlled and have a single discharge point to the biosphere.« less

A THz plasmonics perfect absorber and Fabry-Perot cavity mechanism (Conference Presentation)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Jiangfeng; Bhattarai, Khagendra; Silva, Sinhara; Jeon, Jiyeon; Kim, Junoh; Lee, Sang Jun; Ku, Zahyun

2016-10-01

The plasmonic metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA) is a recently developed branch of metamaterial which exhibits nearly unity absorption within certain frequency range.[1-6] The optically thin MPA possesses characteristic features of angular-independence, high Q-factor and strong field localization that have inspired a wide range of applications including electromagnetic wave absorption,[3, 7, 8] spatial[6] and spectral[5] modulation of light,[9] selective thermal emission,[9] thermal detecting[10] and refractive index sensing for gas[11] and liquid[12, 13] targets. In this work, we demonstrate a MPA working at terahertz (THz) regime and characterize it using an ultrafast THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Our study reveal an ultra-thin Fabry-Perot cavity mechanism compared to the impedance matching mechanism widely adopted in previous study [1-6]. Our results also shows higher-order resonances when the cavities length increases. These higher order modes exhibits much larger Q-factor that can benefit potential sensing and imaging applications. [1] C. M. Watts, X. L. Liu, and W. J. Padilla, "Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers," Advanced Materials, vol. 24, pp. 98-120, Jun 19 2012. [2] M. Hedayati, F. Faupel, and M. Elbahri, "Review of Plasmonic Nanocomposite Metamaterial Absorber," Materials, vol. 7, pp. 1221-1248, 2014. [3] N. I. Landy, S. Sajuyigbe, J. J. Mock, D. R. Smith, and W. J. Padilla, "Perfect metamaterial absorber," Physical Review Letters, vol. 100, p. 207402, May 23 2008. [4] H. R. Seren, G. R. Keiser, L. Cao, J. Zhang, A. C. Strikwerda, K. Fan, et al., "Optically Modulated Multiband Terahertz Perfect Absorber," Advanced Optical Materials, vol. 2, pp. 1221-1226, 2014. [5] D. Shrekenhamer, J. Montoya, S. Krishna, and W. J. Padilla, "Four-Color Metamaterial Absorber THz Spatial Light Modulator," Advanced Optical Materials, vol. 1, pp. 905-909, 2013. [6] S. Savo, D. Shrekenhamer, and W. J. Padilla, "Liquid Crystal Metamaterial Absorber Spatial Light Modulator for THz Applications," Advanced Optical Materials, vol. 2, pp. 275-279, 2014. [7] H. Tao, N. I. Landy, C. M. Bingham, X. Zhang, R. D. Averitt, and W. J. Padilla, "A metamaterial absorber for the terahertz regime: Design, fabrication and characterization," Optics Express, vol. 16, pp. 7181-7188, May 12 2008. [8] J. Hao, J. Wang, X. Liu, W. J. Padilla, L. Zhou, and M. Qiu, "High performance optical absorber based on a plasmonic metamaterial," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 96, p. 251104, 2010. [9] X. Liu, T. Tyler, T. Starr, A. F. Starr, N. M. Jokerst, and W. J. Padilla, "Taming the Blackbody with Infrared Metamaterials as Selective Thermal Emitters," Physical Review Letters, vol. 107, p. 045901, 07/18/ 2011. [10] T. Maier and H. Brückl, "Wavelength-tunable microbolometers with metamaterial absorbers," Optics Letters, vol. 34, pp. 3012-3014, 2009/10/01 2009. [11] A. Tittl, P. Mai, R. Taubert, D. Dregely, N. Liu, and H. Giessen, "Palladium-Based Plasmonic Perfect Absorber in the Visible Wavelength Range and Its Application to Hydrogen Sensing," Nano Letters, vol. 11, pp. 4366-4369, 2011/10/12 2011. [12] N. Liu, M. Mesch, T. Weiss, M. Hentschel, and H. Giessen, "Infrared Perfect Absorber and Its Application As Plasmonic Sensor," Nano Letters, vol. 10, pp. 2342-2348, Jul 2010. [13] G. H. Li, X. S. Chen, O. P. Li, C. X. Shao, Y. Jiang, L. J. Huang, et al., "A novel plasmonic resonance sensor based on an infrared perfect absorber," Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics, vol. 45, p. 205102, May 23 2012.

Characterization of the dimensional stability of advanced metallic materials using an optical test bench structure

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hsieh, Cheng; O'Donnell, Timothy P.

1991-01-01

The dimensional stability of low-density high specific-strength metal-matrix composites (including 30 vol pct SiC(p)/SXA 24-T6 Al, 25 vol pct SiC(p)/6061-T6 Al, 40 vol pct graphite P100 fiber/6061 Al, 50 vol pct graphite P100 fiber/6061 Al, and 40 vol pct P100 graphite fiber/AZ91D Mg composites) and an Al-Li-Mg metal alloy was evaluated using a specially designed five-strut optical test bench structure. The structure had 30 thermocouple locations, one retroreflector, one linear interferometer multilayer insulation, and various strip heaters. It was placed in a 10 exp -7 torr capability vacuum chamber with a laser head positioned at a window port, and a laser interferometer system for collecting dimensional change data. It was found that composite materials have greater 40-C temporal dimensional stability than the AL-Li-Mg alloy. Aluminum-based composites demonstrated better 40-C temporal stability than Mg-based composites.

Application for a Permit to Operate a Class III Solid Waste Disposal Site at the Nevada National Security Site Area 5 Asbestiform Low-Level Solid Waste Disposal Site

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NSTec Environmental Programs

2010-10-04

The Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) is located approximately 105 km (65 mi) northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. The U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office (NNSA/NSO) is the federal lands management authority for the NNSS and National Security Technologies, LLC (NSTec) is the Management and Operations contractor. Access on and off the NNSS is tightly controlled, restricted, and guarded on a 24-hour basis. The NNSS is posted with signs along its entire perimeter. NSTec is the operator of all solid waste disposal sites on the NNSS. The Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site (RWMS) ismore » the location of the permitted facility for the Solid Waste Disposal Site (SWDS). The Area 5 RWMS is located near the eastern edge of the NNSS (Figure 1), approximately 26 km (16 mi) north of Mercury, Nevada. The Area 5 RWMS is used for the disposal of low-level waste (LLW) and mixed low-level waste. Many areas surrounding the RWMS have been used in conducting nuclear tests. The site will be used for the disposal of regulated Asbestiform Low-Level Waste (ALLW), small quantities of low-level radioactive hydrocarbon-burdened (LLHB) media and debris, LLW, LLW that contains Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Bulk Product Waste greater than 50 ppm that leaches at a rate of less than 10 micrograms of PCB per liter of water, and small quantities of LLHB demolition and construction waste (hereafter called permissible waste). Waste containing free liquids, or waste that is regulated as hazardous waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) or state-of-generation hazardous waste regulations, will not be accepted for disposal at the site. Waste regulated under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) that will be accepted at the disposal site is regulated asbestos-containing materials (RACM) and PCB Bulk Product Waste greater than 50 ppm that leaches at a rate of less than 10 micrograms of PCB per liter of water. The term asbestiform is used throughout this document to describe RACM. The disposal site will be used as a depository of permissible waste generated both on site and off site. All generators designated by NNSA/NSO will be eligible to dispose regulated ALLW at the Asbestiform Low-Level Waste Disposal Site in accordance with the DOE/NV-325, Nevada National Security Site Waste Acceptance Criteria (NNSSWAC, current revision). Approval will be given by NNSA/NSO to generators that have successfully demonstrated through process knowledge (PK) and/or sampling and analysis that the waste is low-level, contains asbestiform material, or contains PCB Bulk Product Waste greater than 50 ppm that leaches at a rate of less than 10 micrograms of PCB per liter of water, or small quantities of LLHB demolition and construction waste and does not contain prohibited waste materials. Each waste stream will be approved through the Radioactive Waste Acceptance Program (RWAP), which ensures that the waste meets acceptance requirements outlined in the NNSSWAC.« less

Medical Statistics in World War II (Medical Department, United States Army)

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-01-01

G80,850, 860 tious. Hydrocele, 420, 442, 464, 486, 508, 630, Infectious mononucleosis . See Mononucleo. 1186 sis, Infectious . Hydronephrosls, 398, 420...1049, 1071, 1003, 1115, 1137, 1159 Mononucleosis , infectious , 410, 432, 454, Medulloblastoma, 410, 432, 454, 476, 408, 470, 498, 520, 1170 520, 1176...World War II: Vol. 1. Activities of Medical Consultants Vol. II. Infectious Diseases Vol. III, Infectious Dieeases and General Medicine Neuropsychiatry

Advanced Fabrication Processes for Superconducting Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-13

transistors. There are several reasons for this gigantic disparity: insufficient funding and lack of profit-driven investments in superconductor ...Inductance of circuit structures for MIT LL superconductor electronics fabrication process with 8 niobium layers,” IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol...vol. 25, No. 3, 1301704, June 2015. [7] V. Ambegaokar and A. Baratoff, “Tunneling between superconductors ,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 10, no. 11, pp

Handling Massive Models: Representation, Real-Time Display and Interaction

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-16

Published, K. Ward, N. Galoppo, and M. Lin, "Interactive Virtual Hair Salon ", Presence, p. , vol. , (2007). Published, K. Ward, F. Bertails, T.-Y...Detection for Deformable Models using Representative-Triangles", Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games , p. , vol. , (2008). Published...Interactive 3D Graphics and Games (I3D), p. , vol. , (2008). Published, Brandon Lloyd, Naga K. Govindaraju, Cory Quammen, Steven E. Molnar, Dinesh

Recent Trends in Water Use and Production for California Oil Production.

PubMed

Tiedeman, Kate; Yeh, Sonia; Scanlon, Bridget R; Teter, Jacob; Mishra, Gouri Shankar

2016-07-19

Recent droughts and concerns about water use for petroleum extraction renew the need to inventory water use for oil production. We quantified water volumes used and produced by conventional oil production and hydraulic fracturing (HF) in California. Despite a 25% decrease in conventional oil production from 1999 to 2012, total water use increased by 30% though much of that increase was derived from reuse of produced water. Produced water volumes increased by 50%, with increasing amounts disposed in unlined evaporation ponds or released to surface water. Overall freshwater use (constituting 1.2% of the state's nonagricultural water consumption) increased by 46% during this period due to increased freshwater-intensive tertiary oil production. HF has been practiced in California for more than 30 years, accounting for 1% of total oil production in 2012 from mostly directional and vertical wells. Water use intensity for HF wells in California averaged at 3.5 vol water/vol oil production in 2012 and 2.4 vol/vol in 2013, higher than the range from literature estimates and net water use intensity of conventional production (1.2 vol/vol in 2012). Increasing water use and disposal for oil production have important implications for water management and have potentially adverse health, environmental, and ecological impacts.

Kinetics and formation mechanisms of intragranular ferrite in V-N microalloyed 600 MPa high strength rebar steel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Jing; Wang, Fu-ming; Li, Chang-rong

2016-04-01

To systematically investigate the kinetics and formation mechanisms of intragranular ferrite (IGF), isothermal heat treatment in the temperature range of 450°C to 600°C with holding for 30 s to 300 s, analysis of the corresponding microstructures, and observation of the precipitated particles were conducted in V-N microalloyed 600 MPa high strength rebar steel. The potency of V(C,N) for IGF nucleation was also analyzed statistically. The results show that the dominant microstructure transforms from bainite (B) and acicular ferrite (AF) to grain boundary ferrite (GBF), intragranular polygonal ferrite (IPF), and pearlite (P) as the isothermal temperature increases from 450°C to 600°C. When the holding time at 600°C is extended from 30 s to 60 s, 120 s, and 300 s, the GBF content ranges from 6.0vol% to 6.5vol% and the IPF content increases from 0.5vol% to 2.8vol%, 13.1vol%, and 13.5vol%, respectively, because the ferrite transformation preferentially occurs at the grain boundaries and then occurs at the austenite grains. Notably, V(C,N) particles are the most effective nucleation site for the formation of IPF, accounting for 51% of the said formation.

Experimental and multiphase analysis of nanofluids on the conjugate performance of micro-channel at low Reynolds numbers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nimmagadda, Rajesh; Venkatasubbaiah, K.

2017-06-01

The present study investigates the laminar forced convection flow of single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), gold (Au), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silver (Ag) and hybrid (Al2O3 + Ag) nanofluids (HyNF) in a wide rectangular micro-channel at low Reynolds numbers. The heat transfer characteristics of de-ionized (DI) water and SWCNT nanofluid with different nanoparticle volume concentrations have been experimental studied. Furthermore, numerical study has also been carried out to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of DI water, SWCNT, Au, Al2O3, Ag and HyNF at different Reynolds numbers with different nanoparticle volume concentrations and particle diameters. The numerical study consider the effects of both inertial and viscous forces by solving the full Navier-Stokes equations at low Reynolds numbers. A two dimensional conjugate heat transfer multiphase mixture model has been developed and used for numerical study. A significant enhancement in the average Nusselt number is observed both experimentally and numerically for nanofluids. The study presents four optimized combinations of nanofluids (1 vol% SWCNT and 1 vol% Au with d_p = 50 nm), (2 vol% SWCNT and 3 vol% Au with d_p = 70 nm), (3 vol% Al2O3 and 2 vol% Au with d_p = 70 nm) as well as (3 vol% HyNF (2.4% Al2O3 + 0.6% Ag) and 3 vol% Au with d_p = 50 nm) that provides a better switching option in choosing efficient working fluid with minimum cost based on cooling requirement. The conduction phenomenon of the solid region at bottom of the micro-channel is considered in the present investigation. This phenomenon shows that the interface temperature between solid and fluid region increases along the length of the channel. The present results has been validated with the experimental and numerical results available in the literature.

Determination of naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol in human blood: comparison of high-performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometric and tandem-mass-spectrometric detection.

PubMed

Brünen, Sonja; Krüger, Ralf; Finger, Susann; Korf, Felix; Kiefer, Falk; Wiedemann, Klaus; Lackner, Karl J; Hiemke, Christoph

2010-02-01

We present data for a comparison of a liquid-chromatographic method coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and a high-performance liquid-chromatographic method with column switching and UV spectrophotometric detection. The two methods were developed for determination of naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol in blood serum or plasma aiming to be used for therapeutic drug monitoring to guide the treatment of patients with naltrexone. For the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/UV detection, online sample cleanup was conducted on Perfect Bond C(18) material with 2% (vol/vol) acetonitrile in deionized water. Drugs were separated on a C(18) column using 11.5% (vol/vol) acetonitrile and 0.4% (vol/vol) N,N,N,N-tetramethylethylenediamine within 20 min. LC-MS/MS used naltrexone-d (3) and 6beta-naltrexol-d (4) as internal standards. After protein precipitation, the chromatographic separation was performed on a C(18) column by applying a methanol gradient (5-100%, vol/vol) with 0.1% formic acid over 9.5 min. The HPLC/UV method was found to be linear for concentrations ranging from 2 to 100 ng/ml, with a regression correlation coefficient of r (2) > 0.998 for naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol. The limit of quantification was 2 ng/ml for naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol. For the LC-MS/MS method the calibration curves were linear (r(2) > 0.999) from 0.5 to 200 ng/ml for both substances, and the limit of quantification was 0.5 ng/ml. The concentrations measured by the two methods correlated significantly for both substances (r(2) > 0.967; p < 0.001). Both methods could be used for therapeutic drug monitoring. The HPLC/UV method was advantageous regarding automatization and costs, whereas LC-MS/MS was superior with regard to sensitivity.

Dose equations for shift-variant CT acquisition modes using variable pitch, tube current, and aperture, and the meaning of their associated CTDI{sub vol}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dixon, Robert L., E-mail: rdixon@wfubmc.edu; Boone, John M.; Kraft, Robert A.

2014-11-01

Purpose: With the increasing clinical use of shift-variant CT protocols involving tube current modulation (TCM), variable pitch or pitch modulation (PM), and variable aperture a(t), the interpretation of the scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} is called into question. This was addressed for TCM in their previous paper published by Dixon and Boone [Med. Phys. 40, 111920 (14pp.) (2013)] and is extended to PM and concurrent TCM/PM as well as variable aperture in this work. Methods: Rigorous convolution equations are derived to describe the accumulated dose distributions for TCM, PM, and concurrent TCM/PM. A comparison with scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} formulae clearly identifies themore » source of their differences with the traditional CTDI{sub vol}. Dose distribution simulations using the convolution are provided for a variety of TCM and PM scenarios including a helical shuttle used for perfusion studies (as well as constant mA)—all having the same scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol}. These new convolution simulations for TCM are validated by comparison with their previous discrete summations. Results: These equations show that PM is equivalent to TCM if the pitch variation p(z) is proportional to 1/i(z), where i(z) is the local tube current. The simulations show that the local dose at z depends only weakly on the local tube current i(z) or local pitch p(z) due to scatter from all other locations along z, and that the “local CTDI{sub vol}(z)” or “CTDI{sub vol} per slice” do not represent a local dose but rather only a relative i(z) or p(z). The CTDI-paradigm does not apply to shift-variant techniques and the scanner-reported CTDI{sub vol} for the same lacks physical significance and relevance. Conclusions: While the traditional CTDI{sub vol} at constant tube current and pitch conveys useful information (the peak dose at the center of the scan length), CTDI{sub vol} for shift-variant techniques (TCM or PM) conveys no useful information about the associated dose distribution it purportedly represents. On the other hand, the total energy absorbed E (“integral dose”) as well as its surrogate DLP remain robust (invariant) with respect to shift-variance, depending only on the total mAs = 〈i〉t{sub 0} accumulated during the total beam-on time t{sub 0} and aperture a, where 〈i〉 is the average current.« less

[Unwanted memory, the Polish eugenic movement in between-the-wars period: side-notes to Krzysztof Kawalec's article].

PubMed

Gawin, M

2001-01-01

A polemical response to Krzysztof Kawalec's article 'Dispute over Eugenics in 1918-1939', published in 'Medycyna Nowizytna' ['Modern Medicine'], 2000, vol. 7, fascicle 2. In his article Krzysztof Kawalec overlooks the issue of race, which had been at the centre of the eugenic ideology, and then erroneously situates eugenicists on the political spectrum. The eugenicists were not radicals or totalitarians but constituted a group of leftist-liberal intellectuals. Their views were rejected by the Polish government circles in power at that time, not without the deterring influence of Nazi racism and the opposition of the Catholic Church. The main reason why eugenic notions suffered a defeat in pre-war Poland was the isolation and political weakness of eugenic circles. Therefore, issues relating to Polish eugenics during the two decades between the two World Wars should be consigned to a much greater degree to the realm of learning and social movements rather than to the political sphere.

Mid-Latitude Disturbances - Triggered by Hurricane Dennis?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Earle, G. D.; Bishop, R. L.

2001-05-01

Midlatitude irregularities in F-region electron density have been previously observed in-situ by the Atmosphere Explorer-E satellite [Hanson and Johnson, 1992]. These authors noted the similarity of the irregularities to equatorial spread-F, which is commonly observed at much lower latitudes (within 20 degrees of the magnetic equator). They coined the term midlatitude disturbances (MLDs), and postulated that the irregularities resulted from the Perkins instability in a region where the east-west velocities of the ions differs from that of the neutrals. We present ionosonde observations of range spread-F made over Wallops Island, VA that may show signatures of similar MLD events. The data show evidence of an apparent correlation between the occurrence of the irregularities and the passage of hurricane Dennis over the magnetic meridian of Wallops Island. Based on this evidence, we examine the possibility that the Perkins instability and/or MLD events can be triggered by gravity waves spawned by the hurricane. Reference: Hanson, W.B., and F.S. Johnson, Planet. Space Sci., vol. 40, pp. 1615-1630, 1992.

Worldwide Engagement for Digitizing Biocollections (WeDigBio): The Biocollections Community's Citizen-Science Space on the Calendar.

PubMed

Ellwood, Elizabeth R; Kimberly, Paul; Guralnick, Robert; Flemons, Paul; Love, Kevin; Ellis, Shari; Allen, Julie M; Best, Jason H; Carter, Richard; Chagnoux, Simon; Costello, Robert; Denslow, Michael W; Dunckel, Betty A; Ferriter, Meghan M; Gilbert, Edward E; Goforth, Christine; Groom, Quentin; Krimmel, Erica R; LaFrance, Raphael; Martinec, Joann Lacey; Miller, Andrew N; Minnaert-Grote, Jamie; Nash, Thomas; Oboyski, Peter; Paul, Deborah L; Pearson, Katelin D; Pentcheff, N Dean; Roberts, Mari A; Seltzer, Carrie E; Soltis, Pamela S; Stephens, Rhiannon; Sweeney, Patrick W; von Konrat, Matt; Wall, Adam; Wetzer, Regina; Zimmerman, Charles; Mast, Austin R

2018-02-01

The digitization of biocollections is a critical task with direct implications for the global community who use the data for research and education. Recent innovations to involve citizen scientists in digitization increase awareness of the value of biodiversity specimens; advance science, technology, engineering, and math literacy; and build sustainability for digitization. In support of these activities, we launched the first global citizen-science event focused on the digitization of biodiversity specimens: Worldwide Engagement for Digitizing Biocollections (WeDigBio). During the inaugural 2015 event, 21 sites hosted events where citizen scientists transcribed specimen labels via online platforms (DigiVol, Les Herbonautes, Notes from Nature, the Smithsonian Institution's Transcription Center, and Symbiota). Many citizen scientists also contributed off-site. In total, thousands of citizen scientists around the world completed over 50,000 transcription tasks. Here, we present the process of organizing an international citizen-science event, an analysis of the event's effectiveness, and future directions-content now foundational to the growing WeDigBio event.

Little Joe Model Mercury Project

NASA Image and Video Library

1959-06-26

Publicity photograph of a technician measuring a wind tunnel model of the Little Joe test vehicle. Joseph Shortal noted that (vol. 3, p. 29): The largest project at Wallops in support of Mercury was the Little Joe project, designed to qualify the abort-escape system under flight conditions. James Hansen (p. 47) writes: STG engineers Max Faget and Paul Purser, then of Langley's PARD, had conceived Little Joe as a space capsule test vehicle even before the establishment of NASA and the formation of the STG. Girlruth understood the importance of the Little Joe tests: We had to be sure there were no serious performance and operational problems that we had simply not thought of in such a new and radical type of flight vehicle. -- Published in James R. Hansen, Spaceflight Revolution: NASA Langley Research Center From Sputnik to Apollo, (Washington: NASA, 1995), p. 47 Joseph A. Shortal, History of Wallops Station: Origins and Activities Through 1949, (Wallops Island, VA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Wallops Station, nd), Comment Edition.

Towards a Theoretical Basis for Energy Economics.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-08-01

of Exhaustion, Journal of Political Economy, Vol 7, 1967, pp 274-286 Grassmann, P, Energie und Exergie , Brennstoff-Wdrme-Kraft, Vol 13, 1961, pp 482...Availability and Irreversibility in Thermo- dynamics, British Journal of Applied Physics, Vol 2, 1951, pp 183-192 Koefoed, J, Thermal Exergy and its...of thermodynamics and for attaching an economic value (a price) to energy in different qualities. It is ’ shown that exergy (potential amount of work

Airpower Journal Index, 1987-1996

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-07-01

AirpowerJournal Airpower Research Institute Author Index Aldrich, Maj Richard W. "The International Legal Implications of Information Warfare," vol . 10...no . 3 (Fall 1996) : 99-110. Aldrich, Maj Richard W., and Maj Norman K. Thompson . "Verifying Chemical and Biological Weapons Treaties: Is the...Perspective," vol . 3, no . 4 (Winter 1989) : 10-33. Casebeer, 1st Lt William D. ; Col Richard Szafranski ; and Dr. James H. Toner. "Military Ethics," vol. 8

Final Scientific Report,

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-11-26

and J.B. Thomas, "The Effect of a Memoryless Nonlinearity on the Spectrum of a Random Process," IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. IT-23, pp...Density Function from Measurements Corrupted by Poisson Noise," IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. IT-23, pp. 764-766, November 1977. H. Derin...pp. 243-249, December 1977. G.L. Wise and N.C. Gallagher, "On Spherically Invariant Random Processes," IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. IT

Considerations for Deep Maneuver: Lessons from North Africa, 1941-1942.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-01-01

need arises from the evolutionary changes inherent in the concepts of AirLand Battle doctrine. Among these changes are the reintroduction of the...General Franz Halder, The Halder Diaries: The Private War Journals of Colonel General Franz Halder, 2 vols. ( Colorado : T.N Dupuy and Westview Press, Inc...Franz Halder. 2 vols. Boulder, Colorado : T.N. Dupuy Associates and Westview Press, Inc., 1976. Reprint of an 8 vol. work originally published by the

Geotechnical, geological, and selected radionuclide retention characteristics of the radioactive waste disposal site near the Farallon Islands

USGS Publications Warehouse

Booth, J.S.; Winters, W.J.; Poppe, L.J.; Neiheisel, J.; Dyer, R.S.

1989-01-01

A geotechnical and geological investigation of the Farallon Islands low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal area was conducted to qualitatively assess the host sediments' relative effectiveness as a barrier to radionuclide migration, to estimate the portion of the barrier that is in contact with the waste packages at the three primary disposal sites, and to provide a basic physical description of the sediments. Box cores recovered from within the general disposal area at depths of 500, 1000, and 1500 m were subcored to provide samples (~30 cm in length) for detailed descriptions, textural and mineralogical analyses, and a suite of geotechnical tests (index property, CRS consolidation, and CIU triaxial compression). -from Authors

Groundwater monitoring in the Savannah River Plant Low Level Waste Burial Ground

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carlton, W.H.

1983-12-31

This document describes chemical mechanisms that may affect trace-level radionuclide migration through acidic sandy clay soils in a humid environment, and summarizes the extensive chemical and radiochemical analyses of the groundwater directly below the SRP Low-Level Waste (LLW) Burial Ground (643-G). Anomalies were identified in the chemistry of individual wells which appear to be related to small amounts of fission product activity that have reached the water table. The chemical properties which were statistically related to trace level transport of Cs-137 and Sr-90 were iron, potassium, sodium and calcium. Concentrations on the order of 100 ppM appear sufficient to affectmore » nuclide migration. Several complexation mechanisms for plutonium migration were investigated.« less

4th Quarter Transportation Report FY 2014: Radioactive Waste Shipments to and from the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gregory, Louis

2014-12-02

This report satisfies the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) commitment to prepare a quarterly summary report of radioactive waste shipments to and from the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) at Area 5. There were no shipments sent for offsite treatment and returned to the NNSS this quarter. There was one shipment of two drums sent for offsite treatment and disposal. This report summarizes the 4th quarter of Fiscal Year (FY) 2014 low-level radioactive waste (LLW) and mixed low-level radioactive waste (MLLW) shipments. This report also includes annualmore » summaries for FY 2014.« less

Tables of thermodynamic properties of helium magnet coolant, revision A

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McAshan, M.

1992-07-01

The most complete treatment of the thermodynamic properties of helium at the present time is the monograph by McCarty: 'Thermodynamic Properties of Helium 4 from 2 to 1500 K at Pressures to 10(exp 8) Pa', Robert D. McCarty, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, Vol. 2, page 923-1040 (1973). In this work the complete range of data on helium is examined and the P-V-T surface is described by an equation of state consisting of three functions P(r,T) covering different regions together with rules for making the transition from one region to another. From this thermodynamic compilation together with correlations of the transport properties of helium was published the well-known NBS Technical Note: 'Thermophysical Properties of Helium 4 from 2 to 1500 K with pressures to 1000 Atmospheres', Robert D. McCarty, US Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards Technical Note 631 (1972). This is the standard reference for helium cryogenics. The NBS 631 tables cover a wide range of temperature and pressure, and as a consequence, the number of points tabulated in the region of the single phase coolant for the SSC magnets are relatively few. The present work sets out to cover the range of interest in more detail in a way that is consistent with NBS 631. This new table is essentially identical to the older one and can be used as an auxiliary to it.

Melt extraction during heating and cooling of felsic crystal mushes in shallow volcanic systems: An experimental study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pistone, M.; Baumgartner, L. P.; Sisson, T. W.; Bloch, E. M.

2017-12-01

The dynamics and kinetics of melt extraction in near-solidus, rheologically stalled, felsic crystal mushes (> 50 vol.% crystals) are essential to feeding many volcanic eruptions. At shallow depths (< 15 km), most felsic crystal mushes would be volatile-saturated and may be thermally stable for long time periods (104-107 years). In absence of deformation, residual melt can segregate from the mush's crystalline framework stimulated by: 1) gas injecting from hot mafic magmas into felsic mushes (heating / partial melting scenario), and 2) gas exsolving from the crystallizing mush (cooling / crystallizing scenario). The conditions and efficiency of melt extraction from a mush in the two scenarios are not well understood. Thus, we conducted high-temperature (700 to 850 °C) and -pressure (1.1 kbar) cold seal experiments (8-day duration) on synthetic felsic mushes, composed of water-saturated (4.2 wt.%) rhyodacite melt bearing different proportions of added quartz crystals (60, 70, and 80 vol%; 68 mm average particle size). High-spatial resolution X-ray tomography of run products show: 1) in the heating scenario (> 750 °C) melt has not segregated due to coalescence of vesicles (≤ 23 vol%) and large melt connectivity (> 7 vol% glass) / low pressure gradient for melt movement up to 80 vol% crystals; 2) in the cooling scenario (≤ 750 °C) vesicle (< 11 vol%) coalescence is limited or absent and limited amount of melt (3 to 11 vol%) segregated from sample center to its outer periphery (30 to 100 mm melt-rich lenses), testifying to the efficiency of melt extraction dictated by increasing crystallinity. These results suggest that silicic melt hosted within a crystal-rich mush can accumulate rapidly due to the buildup of modest gas pressures during crystallization at temperatures near the solidus.

The Installation Restoration Program Toxicology Guide. Volume 3

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-07-01

zvli UW OF TABLES Volun.e 4 (Cont.) 69-3 Chemical Additives ............................ 69-15 69-4 Acute Toxicity of Components of Mineral Base...659. Values were estimated by Arthur D. little, Inc. uwing Kow as the basis of estimation (See Introduction, VoL 1). Values of less than one are very...Introduction, Vol. 1). 659. Values were etfiinated by Arthur D. little, In~c. uwing Kow as the basis of. estimation (See Introduction, Vol. 1). Values of

Directionally Solidified Multifunctional Ceramics

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-12-01

Vidrio , Vol. 44 [5] (2005) pp 347 - 352. 9. F. W. Dynys and A. Sayir, "Self Assemble Silicide Architectures by Directional Solidification," Journal...Sociedad Espanola de Ceramica y Vidrio , Vol. 43 [4] (2004) pp 753 - 758. 21. A. Sayir and F. S. Lowery, "Combustion-Resistance of Silicon-Based Ceramics...Espafiola de Cerdmica y Vidrio , Vol. 43 [3], 2004. ISSN-0366-3175-BSCVB9. 14 37. P. Berger, A. Sayir and M. H. Berger, "Nuclear Microprobe using Elastic

Separated Component-Based Restoration of Speckled SAR Images

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-01

unsupervised change detection from SAR amplitude imagery,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 2972–2982, Oct. 2006. [5] F. Argenti , T...Sens., vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 2196–2212, Oct. 2002. [13] F. Argenti and L. Alparone, “Speckle removal from SAR images in the undecimated wavelet domain...iterative thresh- olding algorithm for linear inverse problems with a sparsity con- straint,” Commun . Pure Appl. Math., vol. 57, no. 11, pp. 1413

Coastal Environment, Bathymetry and Physical Oceanography along the Beaufort, Chukchi and Bering Seas.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

Unit No. 347 , Vol. III, Chukchi-Beaufort Sea, 409 pp. 3. Hopkins, D.M. and R.W. Hartz, 1978, Coastal morphology, coastal erosion, and barrier islands of...U.S. Department of Commerce, Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program Final Report, Research Unit No. 347 , vol. III, Chukchi...Assessment Program Final Report, Research Univ No. 347 , vol. II, Bering Sea, 443 pp. 3. U.S. Department of Commerce, 1964, Pacific and Arctic Coasts

Aircraft Wake Vortices: An Assessment of the Current Situation

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

1979 , DOT/TSC, Cambridge, MA. 36. Burnham, D.C., "Chicago Monostatic Acoustic Vortex Sensing System, Vol. I : Data Collection and Reduction," FAA-RD-79...April 1979 , DOT/TSC, Cambridge, MA. 45. Hallock, J.N., "Vortex Advisory System Safety Analysis; Vol. I : Analytical Model," FAA-RD-78-68. I , September...Industry Representatives," March 1979 , Economics & Science Planning Inc., Washington, DC. 106. Hallock, J.N., "Vortex Advisory System, Vol. I : Effectiveness

USSR and Eastern Europe Scientific Abstracts, Cybernetics, Computers and Automation Technology, Number 36.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-10-11

REQUIREMENTS OF COMPUTER USERS Warsaw INFORMATYKA in Polish Vol 12 No 8, 1977 pp 12-14 CHELCHOWSKI, JERZY, Academy of Economics, Wroclaw [Abstract...Western. 11 E. Hardware POLAND SQUARE-LOOP FERRITE CORES IN THE WORKING STORAGE OF MODERN COMPUTERS Warsaw INFORMATYKA in Polish Vol 12 No 5...INDUSTRY PLANT Warsaw INFORMATYKA in Polish Vol 12 No 10, 1977 Pp 20-22 BERNATOWICZ, KRYSTYN [Text] Next to mines, steelworks and shipyards, The H

Steady-State and Dynamic Desorption of Organic Vapor From Activated Carbon With Electrothermal Swing Adsorption

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-06-01

41, 5063-5069 10.1021/es0703022 CCC: $37.00  2007 American Chemical Society VOL. 41, NO. 14, 2007 / ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 9 5063...system. 5064 9 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / VOL. 41, NO. 14, 2007 occurred with variable pre-defined set-points ranging from 250 to 5000 ppmv...and (d) power and cumulative energy deposited to the ACFC. 5066 9 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / VOL. 41, NO. 14, 2007 (Figure 4). Maximum

DS2 Container and Weatherproofing Study

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

compatible with polyurethane based coating systems in general? Is it compatible with alkyd -based coatings? 10. How well do the labels placed on the...of the (older) alkyd enamel and (more recently) polyurethane camouflage coatings, leading eventually to seepage of the DS2. A shrink-wrap overpack...by John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Vol. 2, pp. 118- 119; Vol. 4, p. 3 and pp. 284-295; Vol. I, p. 133. 8. Fiber Composite Hybrid Materials, N.L. Hancox

JPRS Report, Science & Technology China

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-02-23

Protoplast Culture of Rice (Oryza sativa L.), Plant Regeneration From Protoplast-Derived Calli 40091011a Beijing YICHUAN XUEBAO [ACTA GENETICA ...YICHUAN XUEBAO [ACTA GENETICA SINICA] in Chinese Vol 15 No 5, Oct 88 pp 329-334 [English abstract of article by Tao Zirong [7118 5261 2837], et al...Chang, et al., ACTA GENETICA SINICA, Vol 7 No 3, 1980 pp 283-288. 7. Zhu Zhongchun, et al., ACTA GENETICA SINICA, Vol 8 No 1, 1981 pp 63-65, 8. Mix, G

Effect of the Different High Volume Fraction of SiC Particles on the Junction of Bismuthate Glass-SiCp/Al Composite

PubMed Central

Li, Xiaoqiang

2018-01-01

The in-house developed bismuthate glass and the SiCp/Al composites with different volume fractions of SiC particles (namely, 60 vol.%, 65 vol.%, 70 vol.%, and 75 vol.%) were jointed by vacuum hot-pressing process. The novel material can be used for the space mirror. The SiCp is an abbreviation for SiC particle. Firstly, the SiCp/Al composites with different vol.% of SiC particle were manufactured by using infiltration process. In order to obtain a stable bonding interface, the preoxide layers were fabricated on the surfaces of these composites for reacting with the bismuthate glass. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was carried out for characterizing the difference between the composites and bismuthate glass. The sealing quality of the composites and the bismuthate glass was quantified by using shear strength testing. The optical microstructures showed the particles were uniformly distributed in the Al matrix. The SEM image shows that a smooth oxidation layer was generated on the SiCp/Al composite. The CTE testing result indicated that the higher the vol.% of the particles in the composite, the lower the CTE value. The shear strength testing result disclosed that SiCp/Al composite with relatively low CTE value was favorable to obtain a bonding interface with high strength. PMID:29675118

Effect of the Different High Volume Fraction of SiC Particles on the Junction of Bismuthate Glass-SiCp/Al Composite.

PubMed

Wang, Bin; Qu, Shengguan; Li, Xiaoqiang

2018-01-01

The in-house developed bismuthate glass and the SiC p /Al composites with different volume fractions of SiC particles (namely, 60 vol.%, 65 vol.%, 70 vol.%, and 75 vol.%) were jointed by vacuum hot-pressing process. The novel material can be used for the space mirror. The SiCp is an abbreviation for SiC particle. Firstly, the SiC p /Al composites with different vol.% of SiC particle were manufactured by using infiltration process. In order to obtain a stable bonding interface, the preoxide layers were fabricated on the surfaces of these composites for reacting with the bismuthate glass. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was carried out for characterizing the difference between the composites and bismuthate glass. The sealing quality of the composites and the bismuthate glass was quantified by using shear strength testing. The optical microstructures showed the particles were uniformly distributed in the Al matrix. The SEM image shows that a smooth oxidation layer was generated on the SiC p /Al composite. The CTE testing result indicated that the higher the vol.% of the particles in the composite, the lower the CTE value. The shear strength testing result disclosed that SiC p /Al composite with relatively low CTE value was favorable to obtain a bonding interface with high strength.

High temperature tensile behavior and microstructure of Al-SiC nanocomposite fabricated by mechanical milling and hot extrusion technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soltani, Mohammadreza; Atrian, Amir

2018-02-01

This paper investigates the high-temperature tensile behavior of Al-SiC nanocomposite reinforced with 0, 1.5, and 3 vol% SiC nano particles. To fabricate the samples, SiC nano reinforcements and aluminum (Al) powders were milled using an attritor milling and then were cold pressed and hot extruded at 500 °C. Afterward, mechanical and microstructural characteristics were studied in different temperatures. To this end, tensile and compressive tests, micro-hardness test, microscopic examinations, and XRD analysis were performed. The results showed significant improvement of mechanical properties of Al-SiC nanocomposite in room temperature including 40% of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), 36% of ultimate compressive strength (UCS), and 44% of micro-hardness. Moreover, performing tensile tests at elevated temperatures (up to 270 °C) decreased the tensile strength by about 53%, 46%, and 45% for Al-0 vol% SiC, Al-1.5 vol% SiC, and Al-3 vol% SiC, respectively. This temperature rise also enhanced the elongation by about 11% and 133% for non-reinforced Al and Al-3 vol% SiC, respectively.

Books Noted

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Walsh, Edward J.

1999-10-01

The Colloidal Domain: Where Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Technology Meet, 2nd edition

D. Fennell Evans and Hakan Wennerstroem. Advances in Interfacial Engineering Series. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. xl + 632 pp. ISBN 0-471-24247-0. 89.95.

Commercial Nuclear Power: Assuring Safety for the Future

Charles B. Ramsey and Mohammed Modarres. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1998. xxviii + 508 pp. ISBN 0-471-29186-2. 79.95.

Advances in Medicinal Chemistry, Vol. 4

Bruce E. Maryanoff and Allen B. Reitz, Eds. JAI Press: Stamford, CT, 1999. ISBN 1-7623-0064-7. 109.50.

Advances in Strained and Interesting Organic Molecules, Vol. 7

Brian Halton, Ed. JAI Press: Stamford, CT, 1999. xii + 259 pp. ISBN 0-7623-0530-4. 109.50.

Advances in Electron Transfer Chemistry, Vol. 6

Patrick S. Mariano, Ed. JAI Press: Stamford, CT, 1999. x + 171 pp. ISBN 0-7623-0213-5. 109.50.

Automating Science and Engineering Laboratories with Visual Basic

Mark F. Russo and Martin M. Echols. Wiley-Interscience Series on Laboratory Automation. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. xx + 355 pp. ISBN 0-471-25493-2. 49.95.

Plantwide Process Control

Kelvin T. Erickson and John L. Hedrick. Wiley Series in Chemical Engineering. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. xii + 547 pp. ISBN 0-471-17835-7. 89.95.

Heme Peroxidases

H. Brian Dunford. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. xiii + 507 pp. ISBN 0-471-24244-6. 195.00.

Industrial Ecology: Environmental Chemistry and Hazardous Wastes

Stanley E. Manahan. Lewis: Boca Raton, FL, 1999. 318 pp. ISBN 1-56670-381-6. 69.95.

Reviews in Computational Chemistry, Vol. 13

Kenny B. Lipkowitz and Donald B. Boyd. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. xxxiii + 426 pp. ISBN 0-471-33135-x. 135.00.

Surfaces, Interfaces, and Colloids: Principles and Applications, 2nd edition

Drew Myers. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. xx + 501 pp. ISBN 0-471-33060-4. 94.95.

Onium Ions

George A. Olah, Kenneth K. Laali, Qi Wang, and G. K. Surya Prakash. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1998. xv + 509 pp. ISBN 0-471-14877-6. 110.00.

Environmental Soil and Water Chemistry: Principles and Applications V. P. Evangelou. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1998. xix + 564 pp. ISBN 0-471-16515-8. 79.95.

1001 Chemicals in Everyday Products, 2nd edition

Grace Ross Lewis. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. x + 388 pp. ISBN 0-471-29212-5. 39.95.

Organic Coatings: Science and Technology, 2nd edition

Zeno W. Wicks Jr., Frank N. Jones, and S. Peter Pappas. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. xxi + 630 pp. ISBN 0-471-24507-0. 125.00.

Progress in Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 48

Kenneth D. Karlin, Ed. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. vi + 603 pp. ISBN 0-471-32623-2. 145.00.

Occupational Biomechanics, 3rd edition

Don B. Chaffin, Gunnar B. Andersson, and Bernard J. Martin. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. xvii + 579 pp. ISBN 0-471-24697-2. 69.95.

Advances in Photochemistry, Vol. 25

Douglas C. Neckers, David H. Volman, and Gunther Von Bünau. Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. xi + 238 pp. ISBN 0-471-32708-5. 110.00.

Distillation

Johann G. Stichlmair and James R. Fair. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1998. xiii + 524 pp. ISBN 0-471-25241-7. 94.95.

Ammonia - Principles and Industrial Practice

Maz Appl. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. ix + 301 pp. ISBN 3-527-29593-3. 160.00.

Precursor-Derived Ceramics: Synthesis, Structure, and High-Temperature Mechanical Properties

Fritz Aldinger, Fumihiro Wakai, and Joachim Bill, Eds. Wiley-VCH: New York, 1999. xv + 298 pp. ISBN 3-527-29814-2. 180.00.

Advances in Sonochemisty, Vol. 5

Timothy J. Mason. JAI Press: Stamford, CT, 1999. xi + 311 pp. ISBN 0-7623-0331-x. 109.50.

Fluid Metals: The Liquid-Vapor Transition of Metals

Friedrich Hensel and William W. Warren Jr. Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ. 1999. xvii + 243 pp. ISBN 0-691-05830-x. 69.50.

Direct Phasing in Crystallography: Fundamentals and Applications

Carmelo Giacovazzo. Oxford University Press: New York, 1999. xxiii + 767 pp. ISBN 0-19-850072-6. 140.00.

Practical Environmental Analysis

M. Radojevic and V. N. Bashkin. Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, UK. 1999. xx + 466 pp. ISBN 0-85404-594-5. £32.00.

Advances in Dendritic Macromolecules, Vol. 4 George R. Newkome, Ed. JAI Press: Stamford, CT, 1999. x + 207 pp. ISBN 0-7623-0347-6. 109.50.

Advances in Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships, Vol. 2

Marvin Charton. JAI Press: Stamford, CT, 1999. ix + 257 pp. ISBN 0-7623-0067-1. 109.50.

Pesticide Residues in Foods: Methods, Techniques, and Regulations

W. George Fong, H. Anson Moye, James N. Seiber, and John P. Toth. Chemical Analysis, Vol. 151.Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1999. xiv + 358 pp. ISBN 0-471-57400-7. $84.95.

Synchronously Pumped Optical Parametric Oscillator with Intracavity Difference Frequency Mixing

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-06-29

Phys. B, vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 437-441, 1996. [11] T. Töpfer, K. P. Petrov, Y. Mine, L. E. Myers, and R. W. Wallace , "Room- temperature midinfrared...generation in diazo-dye-substitured polymer channel waveguides," IEEE J. of Quant. Electron., vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 349-357, 1997. [56] A. Szilagyi ...periodically poled lithium- niobate," Opt. Lett, vol. 23, no. 9, pp. 664-666, 1998. [119] W. R. Bosenberg, J. I. Alexander, L. E. Myers, and R. W. Wallace

A Comprehensive Study on Damage Tolerance Properties of Notched Composite Laminates.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-01

of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 46, pp. 90-96, the strain energy release rate. 1979. [14] F. Delae and F. Erdogan , "Bosid,;d Orlhotropic REFERENCES Strips...with Cracks", Int. J. of Fracture, Vol. 15, [1] F. Erdogan and G.C. Sih, "On the Crack Extension in pp.33-364,1979. Plates Under Plane Loading and...1987. Vol. 34, pp. 967-974, 1967. (17] F. Erdogan , "Mixed Boundary-VL..t; Problems in [4] B. Cotterell, "The Influence of the Stress Distribution

Bibliography of Literature on China’s Glaciers and Permafrost. Part I. 1938-1979.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-01

The Quaternary Period Glaciers of China. Kexue Chubanshe, 1975. Li Chengsan and Guo Lingzhi : Glacier topography at Kangding-bianfu. Dizhi Lunping...Vol. 4, No. 1, 1939. Li Chengsan and Gao Yongyuan: Glacier topography in the Daba Shan at Guangyuan. Dili, Vol. 2, Nos. 1-2, 1942. Guo Lingzhi ...Mountains region. Zhongguo Disiji Yanjiu, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1958. Guo Lingzhi and Xue Yuqun: A discussion of the relationship of the Fen River and the

Uncovering the Physical Basis Connecting Environment and Tribological Performance of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-10-05

Anisotropic Nanotribological Properties,” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 4, pp. 515-522 (SCI) Kuo -Cheng Chen...Nanodiamond With the Polymer Used as an Additive in Lubricant Oil,” Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 21, pp. 13213-13222 (SCI) Chih- Jung Chen, Ray...Deep Submicron to Nano-Scale,” Journal of Mechanics, Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 507-511 (SCI) Yeau-Ren Jeng, Yi-Min Wang, Hua-Chiang Wen, Shih -Ming Huang

The Navy Enlistment Field Marketing Experiment. Volume 3. An Empirical Investigation of Navy Recruiter Productivity

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-10-15

Individual Difference, Interpersonal, and Situational Factors’, Journal of Marketing Research , Vol. 15, November, pp. 517-531. 2. Beswick, C. A., and...D. W. Cravens (1977), "A Multistage Decision Model 7, for Salesforce Management", Journal of Marketing Research , Vol 14, May, pp 135-144. 3. Brown, A...Jr. (1976), "Organi- zational Climate and Job Satisfaction in the Salesforce," Journal of Marketing Research , Vol. 13, November, pp. 323-332. 6

Neural Network Retinal Model Real Time Implementation

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-09-02

Photoreceptor Coupling and Synapse Nonlinearity on Signal:Noise Ratio in Early Visual Processing", Proc. R. Soc. London, Vol. B 234, pp. 171-197 (1988). [8...Barlow, H.B. and Levick , W.R., "The Mechanism of Directionally Selective Units in the Rabbit’s Retina", J. Physiol. (London), Vol. 178, pp. 477-504 (1965...Vol. B 298, pp. 227-264 (1982). [101 Werblin, F.S., Maguire, G., Lukasiewicz, P., Eliasof, S., and Wu, S., "Neural Interactions Mediating Detection of

Parallel Attack and the Enemy’s Decision Making Process

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-04-01

Theory Coursebook , Vol 2, Sept 1997, p 365 8 Joint Publication 3-0, Doctrine for Joint Operations, 1 Feb 1995, p III-11 9 Gorrell, LtCol Edgar S., “The...Behavioral Strategies,” Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol 90, Issue 432, December, 1995, p1137 3 Joint Publication 5-0, Doctrine for...Strategies,” Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol 90, Issue 432, December, 1995, p1137 Allison, Graham T., “Conceptual Models and the Cuban

Improving Oversight and Coordination of Department of Defense Programs That Address Problematic Behaviors Among Military Personnel

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-01-01

Alcohol on Human Aggression: An Integrative Research Review,” Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 107, No. 3, May 1990, pp. 341–354; Stephen T. Chermack and...Peter R. Giancola, “The Relation Between Alcohol and Aggression: An Integrated Biopsychosocial Conceptualization,” Clinical Psychology Review, Vol...M. Jackson and Kenneth J. Sher, “Conjoint Developmental Trajectories of Young Adult Alcohol and Tobacco Use,” Journal of Abnormal Psychology , Vol

Lightweight Portable Plasma Medical Device - Plasma Engineering Research Laboratory

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

34Optical study of radicals (OH, O, H, N) in a needle- plate negative pulsed streamer corona discharge ," Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, vol. 26...pulsed corona discharge ," European Physical Journal D, vol. 38, pp. 515-522, Jun 2006. [35] W. Wang, S. Wang, F. Liu, W. Zheng, and D. Wang, "Optical...study of OH radical in a wire-plate pulsed corona discharge ," Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, vol. 63, pp. 477

SINGER: A Computer Code for General Analysis of Two-Dimensional Reinforced Concrete Structures. Volume 1. Solution Process

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-05-01

Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Santiago de Chile, 13-18 January 1969, Vol. I , Session B2, Chilean Association oil Seismology and Earth- quake...Nuclear Agency May 1975 DISTRIBUTED BY: KJ National Technical Information Service U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ^804J AFWL-TR-74-228, Vol. I ...CM o / i ’•fu.r ) V V AFWL-TR- 74-228 Vol. I SINGER: A COMPUTER CODE FOR GENERAL ANALYSIS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL CONCRETE STRUCTURES Volum« I

Designing Military Pay. Contributions and Implications of the Economics Literature

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

34Time, Salary, and Incentive Payoffs in Labor Contracts," Journal of Labor Economics , VoL 9, No. 1, 1991, pp. 25-44. Foulkes, Fred K., Personnel...Edward Lazear, "The Excess Sensitivity of Layoffs and Quits to Demand," Journal of Labor Economics , VoL 2, No. 2,1984, pp. 233-257. Hashimoto, Masanori...34 Research in Labor Economics , VoL 9, Ronald Ehrenberg, ed., Ithaca, New York: JAI Press, Cornell University, 1988, pp. 225-256. Mellow, Wesley, "Employer Size

Soil Column Evaluation of Factors Controlling Biodegradation of DNT in the Vadose Zone

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-01-01

Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37, 3382-3391 3382 9 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / VOL. 37, NO. 15, 2003 10.1021/es021066s CCC: $25.00  2003 American...American Society of Agronomy: Madison, WI, 1986; pp 363-375. c EPA 600/2-78-054. VOL. 37, NO. 15, 2003 / ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 9 3383...initial concentration of 2,4-DNT was 5 mM 3384 9 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / VOL. 37, NO. 15, 2003 To ensure accurate quantification of

America’s Holy War

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-04-14

Journal. 24 April 2002. http://www.mepc.org/public_asp/journal/ vol10 /0306_alqaeda.asp accessed on 21 Sept 05. 21 “Translation of April 24, 2002 al...Qaeda document”. Middle East Policy Council Journal. 24 April 2002. http://www.mepc.org/public_asp/journal/ vol10 /0306_alqaeda.asp accessed on 21 Sept... vol10 /0306_alqaeda.asp accessed on 21 Sept 05. 23 “Osama bin Laden’s Speech on the Eve of the 2004 US Elections”. The Middle East Media Research

Optical Emission Studies of the NRL Plasma Torch for the Shipboard Waste Treatment Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-02-26

Arc Heating of Molten Steel in a Tundish", Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol.14, pp.361-381,1994. [3] H. Herman, "Plasma-sprayed...Treatment", Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol.15, pp.677-692,1995. [5] S. Paik and H.D. Nguyen, "Numerical Modeling of Multiphase Plasma/Soil Row...Gleizes, S. Vacquie and P. Brunelot, "Modeling of the Cathode Jet of a High- Power Transferred Arc", Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol.13

Coast Guard Proceedings. Volume 69, Number 4 /Volume 70, Number 1. Winter 2012/Spring 2013

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-01

Investigation School: Providing world-class marine casualty investigating officer training. p. 31 Sekimizu, Mr. Koji Vol. 69, No. 2; 1912 – 2012: 100 Years of...Sekimizu, Mr. Koji Vol. 69, No. 2; 1912 – 2012: 100 Years of Marine Safety; Summer 2012; International Maritime Organization: 100 years after the Titanic...Congressman James Sener Award for Excellence in Marine Investigations. p. 15 Sekimizu, Mr. Koji Vol. 69, No. 2; 1912 – 2012: 100 Years of Marine

Relevance of Red Book Information to the Directorate of Engineering and Housing Decisionmaking Process

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-09-01

decisionmaking. (Adapted from: R. J. Boland, Jr., "Sense-Making of Accounting Data as a Technique of Organizational Diagnosis ," Management Science, Vol 30, No...Making of Accounting Data as a Technique of Organizational Diagnosis ," Managenent Science, Vol 30, No. 7 (July 1984), pp 868-882. 49 Decisionmaking...Third Edition (Irwin, 1984). Boland, R.J., Jr., "Sense-Making of Accounting Data as a Technique of Organizational Diagnosis ," Management Science, Vol 30

A Study on the Bionomics of Anopheles darlingi Root (Diptera: Culicidae) in Belize, Central America

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-03-01

Mosquitoes of medical importance. U.S. Dep. Agric. Agric. Handb. 152. Forattini, O.P. 1962. Entomologia medica vol. I. Faculdade de Higiene e Saude Publica...meridional do Brasil. Rev. Saude Publ., S. Paulo. 21: 291-304. Forattini, O.P. 1962. Entomologia medica vol. I. Faculdade de Higiene e Saude...152. Forattini, O.P. 1962. Entomologia medica vol. I. Faculdade de Higiene e Saude Publica, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 662 pp. Grieco, J.P. 2001. The

Autonomous Sonar Classification Using Expert Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-06-01

34Multisensor Integration and Fusion in Intelligent System," ZEEE Tmnsactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, vol. 19 no. 5, September/Octciber...34 University of California Santa Barbara Department of Computer Science Technical Report TRCS89-06, February 1989. ZEEE , vol. 71 no. 7, July 1983, pp. 872...AutonomousUnderwater Vehicles" , Proceedingsof the ZEEE Oceanic Engineering Society Conference A W 92, Washington DC, June 1992. Corkill, Daniel, "BlackboardSystems," AIErpert, vol. 6 no. 9, September 1991, pp. 40-47. 559

Atmospheric Chemiluminescence: COCHISE (COld CHemical Infrared Simulation Experiment) and Related Experiments.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-10-13

35. 𔄁. Wiese, W.L., Smith, M.W., and Miles , B.M. (1969) Atomic Transition Probabilities, Vol. II, NSRDS-NBS 22. 8. Green, B.D., private communication...sidearms simultane- ously changes the flow velocity (that is, the residence time) and the ratio of charge to number density E/N in the discharge plasma , as...Levels, Vol. I, NSRDS-NBS 35. 7. Wiese, W. L., Smith, M. W., and Miles , B. M. (1969’, Atomic Transition Probabilities, Vol. II, NSRDS-NBS 22. 8. Green, B

Scaling of Convex Hull Volume to Body Mass in Modern Primates, Non-Primate Mammals and Birds

PubMed Central

Brassey, Charlotte A.; Sellers, William I.

2014-01-01

The volumetric method of ‘convex hulling’ has recently been put forward as a mass prediction technique for fossil vertebrates. Convex hulling involves the calculation of minimum convex hull volumes (vol CH) from the complete mounted skeletons of modern museum specimens, which are subsequently regressed against body mass (M b) to derive predictive equations for extinct species. The convex hulling technique has recently been applied to estimate body mass in giant sauropods and fossil ratites, however the biomechanical signal contained within vol CH has remained unclear. Specifically, when vol CH scaling departs from isometry in a group of vertebrates, how might this be interpreted? Here we derive predictive equations for primates, non-primate mammals and birds and compare the scaling behaviour of M b to vol CH between groups. We find predictive equations to be characterised by extremely high correlation coefficients (r 2 = 0.97–0.99) and low mean percentage prediction error (11–20%). Results suggest non-primate mammals scale body mass to vol CH isometrically (b = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.85–1.00, p = 0.08). Birds scale body mass to vol CH with negative allometry (b = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.70–0.91, p = 0.011) and apparent density (vol CH/M b) therefore decreases with mass (r 2 = 0.36, p<0.05). In contrast, primates scale body mass to vol CH with positive allometry (b = 1.07, 95%CI = 1.01–1.12, p = 0.05) and apparent density therefore increases with size (r 2 = 0.46, p = 0.025). We interpret such departures from isometry in the context of the ‘missing mass’ of soft tissues that are excluded from the convex hulling process. We conclude that the convex hulling technique can be justifiably applied to the fossil record when a large proportion of the skeleton is preserved. However we emphasise the need for future studies to quantify interspecific variation in the distribution of soft tissues such as muscle, integument and body fat. PMID:24618736

A Geochemical and Petrological Investigation into the causes of Immiscibility at the San Rafael Volcanic Field, Utah

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koebli, D. J.; Germa, A.; Wetmore, P. H.; Atlas, Z. D.

2017-12-01

The San Rafael Volcanic Field (SRVF), Utah, is a 4.6 Ma exposed volcanic plumbing system consisting of comagmatic dikes, sills and conduits. Sills were emplaced in a syn-eruptive time frame, given the comagmatism between them and conduits. Dikes and conduits consist of shonkinite, whereas in the sills, silicate liquid immiscibility led to the separation of a felsic phase from the mafic injected melt (Williams, 1983); resulting in syenite (50.8 wt% SiO2) being enclosed within shonkinite (45.8 wt% SiO2). To determine storage and differentiation parameters leading to liquid immiscibility within the sills, we compared mineral composition (determined by EPMA) to corresponding whole rock major and trace element data. Results support the hypothesis of a hydrated magma with hornblende (4% vol. in shonkinite, 23% vol. in syenite), biotite (10% vol. in shonkinite and 21% in syenite), altered olivine (20% vol. in shonkinite with 10% serpentine, and 5% vol. in syenite with 2% serpentine), pyroxene (30% vol. in shonkinite and 17% in syenite), and plagioclase (17% vol. in shonkinite - mostly matrix - and 30% in syenite). Potassic feldspar (<2% vol.) are present in syenite only. Many of the volcanic units have sandstone xenoliths entrained in both shonkinite and syenite. A relatively hot magma ( 1300 ˚C) is assumed based off of the compositions of olivine (Fo80-90) and plagioclase (An95-35); plagioclase compositions are based off of plotted mineral data which show a continuous trend. This temperature is confirmed by thermodynamic calculations and Rhyolite-MELTS modeling (Ghiorso et al, 2012; Ghiorso et al, 2015). Thermodynamic modeling also supports liquid immiscibility occurring within the sills due to mineral phases (olivine>magnetite>pyroxene) forming at different pressures and temperatures, repeatedly (ex: olivine at 700 bar and 150 bar). Results indicate a lithospheric magma source due to asthenospheric upwelling, which later differentiated in-situ within the sills as a result of immiscibility at a shallow pressure ( 50-27 bar); this led to a mafic, volatile-poor melt (shonkinite), and a felsic, viscous, volatile-rich melt (syenite) which is visible as veins, ocelli and lenses.

North American Multicenter Volumetric CT Study for Clinical Staging of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Feasibility and Logistics of Setting Up a Quantitative Imaging Study.

PubMed

Gill, Ritu R; Naidich, David P; Mitchell, Alan; Ginsberg, Michelle; Erasmus, Jeremy; Armato, Samuel G; Straus, Christopher; Katz, Sharyn; Patios, Demetrois; Richards, William G; Rusch, Valerie W

2016-08-01

Clinical tumor (T), node, and metastasis staging is based on a qualitative assessment of features defining T descriptors and has been found to be suboptimal for predicting the prognosis of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Previous work suggests that volumetric computed tomography (VolCT) is prognostic and, if found practical and reproducible, could improve clinical MPM classification. Six North American institutions electronically submitted clinical, pathologic, and imaging data on patients with stages I to IV MPM to an established multicenter database and biostatistical center. Two reference radiologists blinded to clinical data independently reviewed the scans; calculated clinical T, node, and metastasis stage by standard criteria; performed semiautomated tumor volume calculations using commercially available software; and submitted the findings to the biostatistical center. Study end points included the feasibility of a multi-institutional VolCT network, concordance of independent VolCT assessments, and association of VolCT with pathological T classification. Of 164 submitted cases, 129 were evaluated by both reference radiologists. Discordant clinical staging of most cases confirmed the inadequacy of current criteria. The overall correlation between VolCT estimates was good (Spearman correlation 0.822), but some were significantly discordant. Root cause analysis of the most discordant estimates identified four common sources of variability. Despite these limitations, median tumor volume estimates were similar within subgroups of cases representing each pathological T descriptor and increased monotonically for each reference radiologist with increasing pathological T status. The good correlation between VolCT estimates obtained for most cases reviewed by two independent radiologists and qualitative association of VolCT with pathological T status combine to encourage further study. The identified sources of user error will inform design of a follow-up prospective trial to more formally assess interobserver variability of VolCT and its potential contribution to clinical MPM staging. Copyright © 2016 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Resistance training intensity and volume affect changes in rate of force development in resistance-trained men.

PubMed

Mangine, Gerald T; Hoffman, Jay R; Wang, Ran; Gonzalez, Adam M; Townsend, Jeremy R; Wells, Adam J; Jajtner, Adam R; Beyer, Kyle S; Boone, Carleigh H; Miramonti, Amelia A; LaMonica, Michael B; Fukuda, David H; Ratamess, Nicholas A; Stout, Jeffrey R

2016-12-01

To compare the effects of two different resistance training programs, high intensity (INT) and high volume (VOL), on changes in isometric force (FRC), rate of force development (RFD), and barbell velocity during dynamic strength testing. Twenty-nine resistance-trained men were randomly assigned to either the INT (n = 15, 3-5 RM, 3-min rest interval) or VOL (n = 14, 10-12 RM, 1-min rest interval) training group for 8 weeks. All participants completed a 2-week preparatory phase prior to randomization. Measures of barbell velocity, FRC, and RFD were performed before (PRE) and following (POST) the 8-week training program. Barbell velocity was determined during one-repetition maximum (1RM) testing of the squat (SQ) and bench press (BP) exercises. The isometric mid-thigh pull was used to assess FRC and RFD at specific time bands ranging from 0 to 30, 50, 90, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ms. Analysis of covariance revealed significant (p < 0.05) group differences in peak FRC, FRC at 30-200 ms, and RFD at 50-90 ms. Significant (p < 0.05) changes in INT but not VOL in peak FRC (INT: 9.2 ± 13.8 %; VOL: -4.3 ± 10.2 %), FRC at 30-200 ms (INT: 12.5-15.8 %; VOL: -1.0 to -4.3 %), and RFD at 50 ms (INT: 78.0 ± 163 %; VOL: -4.1 ± 49.6 %) were observed. A trend (p = 0.052) was observed for RFD at 90 ms (INT: 58.5 ± 115 %; VOL: -3.5 ± 40.1 %). No group differences were observed for the observed changes in barbell velocity. Results indicate that INT is more advantageous than VOL for improving FRC and RFD, while changes in barbell velocity during dynamic strength testing are similarly improved by both protocols in resistance-trained men.

78 FR 44279 - Regulatory Agenda

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-23

... Vol. 78 Tuesday, No. 141 July 23, 2013 Part XI Department of Justice Semiannual Regulatory Agenda #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 78 , No. 141 / Tuesday, July 23, 2013 / Unified Agenda#0;#0; [[Page 44280

77 FR 64405 - Death of Arlen Specter

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-19

... Vol. 77 Friday, No. 203 October 19, 2012 Part III The President Proclamation 8890--Death of Arlen Specter #0; #0; #0; Presidential Documents #0; #0; #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 77 , No. 203 / Friday...

77 FR 53137 - Death of Neil Armstrong

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-30

... Vol. 77 Thursday, No. 169 August 30, 2012 Part VII The President Proclamation 8849--Death of Neil Armstrong #0; #0; #0; Presidential Documents #0; #0; #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 77 , No. 169 / Thursday...

Interventions for confusion and dementia. 5: Changing cultures.

PubMed

Woodrow, P

Previous articles in this series (Vol 7(15): 891-94; Vol 7(17): 1018-20; Vol 7(19): 1145-49; Vol 7(20): 1247-50) have explored the promotion of quality of life for people with dementia and how this can be achieved through existing interventions. This final article moves from discussing specific interventions to cover wider issues around healthcare beliefs and values. A brief historical overview of dementia care is given, outlining the inherited structures and values. Much valuable work has been carried out by the Bradford Dementia Group, who has described changes in dementia care as moving from an 'old' to a 'new' culture. This 'new culture', offering a comprehensive person-centred approach to holistic care, is explored with reference to the work of Kitwood, who has done much to promote quality of life for people suffering from dementia.

Short communication: Salt tolerance of Lactococcus lactis R-604 as influenced by mild stresses from ethanol, heat, hydrogen peroxide, and UV light.

PubMed

Gonzalez, Ernesto E; Olson, Douglas; Aryana, Kayanush

2017-06-01

Lactococcus lactis is a culture widely used in salt-containing dairy products. Salt hinders bacterial growth, but exposure to environmental stress may protect cells against subsequent stress, including salt. The objective of this study was to evaluate the salt tolerance of L. lactis R-604 after exposure to various stresses. The culture was subjected to 10% (vol/vol) ethanol for 30 min, mild heat at 52°C for 30 min, 15 mM hydrogen peroxide for 30 min, or UV light (254 nm) for 5 min and compared with a control. Starting with 5 log cfu/mL for all treatments, growth was determined in M17 broth with 5 NaCl concentrations (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7% wt/vol). Plating was conducted daily for 5 d. Salt tolerance was enhanced with mild heat exposure before growth in M17 broth with 5% (wt/vol) NaCl on d 3, 4, and 5, and with exposure to hydrogen peroxide and ethanol stresses before growth in M17 broth with 5% (wt/vol) NaCl on d 4 and 5. Exposure of this culture to mild heat, hydrogen peroxide, or ethanol before growth in M17 broth containing 5% (wt/vol) salt can enhance its survival, which could be beneficial when using it in salt-containing dairy products. Copyright © 2017 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Caustic Recycling Pilot Unit to Separate Sodium from LLW at Hanford Site - 12279

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pendleton, Justin; Bhavaraju, Sai; Priday, George

As part of the Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored Advanced Remediation Technologies initiative, a scheme was developed to combine Continuous Sludge Leaching (CSL), Near-Tank Cesium Removal (NTCR), and Caustic Recycling Unit (CRU) using Ceramatec technology, into a single system known as the Pilot Near-Tank Treatment System (PNTTS). The Cesium (Cs) decontaminated effluent from the NTCR process will be sent to the caustic recycle process for recovery of the caustic which will be reused in another cycle of caustic leaching in the CSL process. Such an integrated mobile technology demonstration will give DOE the option to insert this process for sodiummore » management at various sites in Hanford, and will minimize the addition of further sodium into the waste tanks. This allows for recycling of the caustic used to remove aluminum during sludge washing as a pretreatment step in the vitrification of radioactive waste which will decrease the Low Level Waste (LLW) volume by as much as 39%. The CRU pilot process was designed to recycle sodium in the form of pure sodium hydroxide. The basis for the design of the 1/4 scale pilot caustic recycling unit was to demonstrate the efficient operation of a larger scale system to recycle caustic from the NTCR effluent stream from the Parsons process. The CRU was designed to process 0.28 liter/minute of NTCR effluent, and generate 10 M concentration of 'usable' sodium hydroxide. The proposed process operates at 40 deg. C to provide additional aluminum solubility and then recover the sodium hydroxide to the point where the aluminum is saturated at 40 deg. C. A system was developed to safely separate and vent the gases generated during operation of the CRU with the production of 10 M sodium hydroxide. Caustic was produced at a rate between 1.9 to 9.3 kg/hr. The CRU was located inside an ISO container to allow for moving of the unit close to tank locations to process the LLW stream. Actual tests were conducted with the NTCR effluent simulant from the Parsons process in the CRU. The modular CRU is easily scalable as a standalone system for caustic recycling, or for NTTS integration or for use as an In-Tank Treatment System to process sodium bearing waste to meet LLW processing needs at the Hanford site. The standalone pilot operation of the CRU to recycle sodium from NTCR effluent places the technology demonstration at TRL level 6. Multiple operations were performed with the CRU to process up to 500 gallons of the NTCR effluent and demonstrate an efficient separation of up to 70 % of the sodium without solids precipitation while producing 10 M caustic. Batch mode operation was conducted to study the effects of chemistry variation, establish the processing rate, and optimize the process operating conditions to recycle caustic from the NTCR effluent. The performance of the CRU was monitored by tracking the density parameter to control the concentration of caustic produced. Different levels of sodium were separated in tests from the effluent at a fixed operating current density and temperature. The voltage of the modules remained stable during the unit operation which demonstrated steady operation to separate sodium from the NTCR effluent. The sodium transfer current efficiency was measured in testing based on the concentration of caustic produced. Measurements showed a current efficiency of 99.8% for sodium transfer from the NTCR effluent to make sodium hydroxide. The sodium and hydroxide contents of the anolyte (NTCR feed) and catholyte (caustic product) were measured before and after each batch test. In two separate batch tests, samples were taken at different levels of sodium separation and analyzed to determine the stability of the NTCR effluent after sodium separation. The stability characteristics and changes in physical and chemical properties of the NTCR effluent chemistry after separation of sodium hydroxide as a function of storage time were evaluated. Parameters such as level of precipitated alumina, total alkalinity, analysis of Al, Na, K, Cs, Fe, OH, nitrate, nitrite, total dissolved and undissolved solids, viscosity, density, and other parameters of the NTCR effluent were measured. Changes in rheology and properties of NTCR stream to support downstream handling of the effluent after sodium separation was the basis for the analysis. The results show that the NTCR effluent is stable without the precipitation of aluminum hydroxide after 70% of the sodium was separated from the effluent. (authors)« less

Multistage formation processes in the acapulcoite-lodranite parent body: Mineralogical study of anomalous lodranite, Yamato 983119

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yasutake, Masahiro; Yamaguchi, Akira

2017-12-01

Y 983119 is a coarse-grained rock consisting mainly of orthopyroxene (44-71 vol%, Wo3En94Fs4), olivine (4-30 vol%, Fo97), Fe, Ni metal (4-14 vol%) and interstitial plagioclase (9-14 vol%, Or2Ab67An29) and augite (2-5 vol%, Wo46En53Fs2). The modal abundance of orthopyroxene is higher than known acapulcoites and lodranites. Olivine grains show chemical zoning with higher Fe/Mn values along rims and cracks. Orthopyroxene and olivine contain melt inclusions that mainly consist of augite, feldspar and glass. Hornblende, biotite, rutile and baddeleyite were also found in melt inclusions. Based on the compositions of melt inclusions, the parent melt is felsic, and contains a significant amount of Na, K, Ti, Zr, F and OH. The major mineral and oxygen isotopic compositions indicate that Y 983119 is a lodranite. However, the high abundance of orthopyroxene and the presence of melt inclusions indicate that Y 983119 is not a residue in contrast to other lodranites. We suggest that Y 983119 formed by more complex formation processes than the other lodranites.

Fabrication and mechanical properties of Al2O3/SiC/ZrO2 functionally graded material by electrophoretic deposition.

PubMed

Askari, E; Mehrali, M; Metselaar, I H S C; Kadri, N A; Rahman, Md M

2012-08-01

This study describes the synthesis of Al(2)O(3)/SiC/ZrO(2) functionally graded material (FGM) in bio-implants (artificial joints) by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). A suitable suspension that was based on 2-butanone was applied for the EPD of Al(2)O(3)/SiC/ZrO(2), and a pressureless sintering process was applied as a presintering. Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) was used to densify the deposit, with beneficial mechanical properties after 2 h at 1800 °C in Ar atmosphere. The maximum hardness in the outer layer (90 vol.% Al(2)O(3)+10 vol.% SiC) and maximum fracture toughness in the core layer (75 vol.% Al(2)O(3)+10 vol.% SiC + 15 vol.% ZrO(2)) composite were 20.8±0.3 GPa and 8±0.1 MPa m(1/2), respectively. The results, when compared with results from Al(2)O(3)/ZrO(2) FGM, showed that SiC increased the compressive stresses in the outer layers, while the inner layers were under a residual tensile stress. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Reliability of astronomical records in the Nihongi

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawabata, Kin-Aki; Tanikawa, Kiyotaka; Soma, Mitsuru

2002-03-01

Records of solar and lunar eclipses and occultations of stars in the Nihongi have been investigated to show their usefulness in answering questions about the long term variability of the Earth's rate of rotation. Results show that reliability of these records depend on the volume of the Nihongi and records in β group of volumes in the classification by H. Mori based on Chinese characters employed as phonetic letters, i.e. Vol. 22 (Empress Suiko), Vol. 23 (Emperor Jomei), and Vol. 29 (Emperor Tenmu), are highly reliable for these studies. Studies of solar eclipses recorded as total eclipses in the Nihongi and the Suishu and an occultation of Mars recorded in the Nihongi show that good agreements can be obtained between descriptions in these Japanese and Chinese historical books and calculations when we adopt TT-UT=3000 sec with correction for tidal term -2.0"/cy2 in the 7th century. Descriptions of solar and lunar eclipses recorded in Vol. 24 (Empress Kogyoku) and Vol. 30 (Empress Jito) are not based on observations but on theoretical predictions. All records of comets, aurorae, volcanic explosions, earthquakes, and tsunami in the Nihongi are described in β group volumes.

Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit 166: Storage Yards and Contaminated Materials, Nevada Test Site, Nevada

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NSTec Environmental Restoration

2009-08-01

Corrective Action Unit (CAU) 166 is identified in the Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (FFACO) as 'Storage Yards and Contaminated Materials' and consists of the following seven Corrective Action Sites (CASs), located in Areas 2, 3, 5, and 18 of the Nevada Test Site: CAS 02-42-01, Condo Release Storage Yd - North; CAS 02-42-02, Condo Release Storage Yd - South; CAS 02-99-10, D-38 Storage Area; CAS 03-42-01, Conditional Release Storage Yard; CAS 05-19-02, Contaminated Soil and Drum; CAS 18-01-01, Aboveground Storage Tank; and CAS 18-99-03, Wax Piles/Oil Stain. Closure activities were conducted from March to July 2009 according tomore » the FF ACO (1996, as amended February 2008) and the Corrective Action Plan for CAU 166 (U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office, 2007b). The corrective action alternatives included No Further Action and Clean Closure. Closure activities are summarized. CAU 166, Storage Yards and Contaminated Materials, consists of seven CASs in Areas 2, 3, 5, and 18 of the NTS. The closure alternatives included No Further Action and Clean Closure. This CR provides a summary of completed closure activities, documentation of waste disposal, and confirmation that remediation goals were met. The following site closure activities were performed at CAU 166 as documented in this CR: (1) At CAS 02-99-10, D-38 Storage Area, approximately 40 gal of lead shot were removed and are currently pending treatment and disposal as MW, and approximately 50 small pieces of DU were removed and disposed as LLW. (2) At CAS 03-42-01, Conditional Release Storage Yard, approximately 7.5 yd{sup 3} of soil impacted with lead and Am-241 were removed and disposed as LLW. As a BMP, approximately 22 ft{sup 3} of asbestos tile were removed from a portable building and disposed as ALLW, approximately 55 gal of oil were drained from accumulators and are currently pending disposal as HW, the portable building was removed and disposed as LLW, and accumulators, gas cylinders, and associated debris were removed and are currently pending treatment and disposal as MW. (3) At CAS 05-19-02, Contaminated Soil and Drum, as a BMP, an empty drum was removed and disposed as sanitary waste. (4) At CAS 18-01-01, Aboveground Storage Tank, approximately 165 gal of lead-impacted liquid were removed and are currently pending disposal as HW, and approximately 10 gal of lead shot and 6 yd{sup 3} of wax embedded with lead shot were removed and are currently pending treatment and disposal as MW. As a BMP, approximately 0.5 yd{sup 3} of wax were removed and disposed as hydrocarbon waste, approximately 55 gal of liquid were removed and disposed as sanitary waste, and two metal containers were grouted in place. (5) At CAS 18-99-03, Wax Piles/Oil Stain, no further action was required; however, as a BMP, approximately l.5 yd{sup 3} of wax were removed and disposed as hydrocarbon waste, and one metal container was grouted in place.« less

An Empirical Examination of Reverse Auction Appropriateness in B2B Source Selection

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-01

Measures of Marketing Constructs," Journal of Marketing Research , Vol. 16, No.2, pp. 64 - 73. Cohn, L. (2000), "B2B: The Hottest Net Bet Yet...34 Psycholgical Bulletin, Vol. 103, No.3, pp. 411-423. Armstrong, J.S. and T.S. Overton (1977), "Estimating Nonresponse Bias in Mail Surveys," Journal of Marketing ... Research , Vol.14, No.3, pp. 396-402. Bagozzi, R. (1983), "Issues in the Application of Covariance Structure Analysis: A Further Comment," Journal of

Stereo, Shading, and Surfaces: Curvature Constraints Couple Neural Computations

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-04-23

Bullier, and J. S. Lund, ‘‘Circuits for local and global signal integration in primary visual cortex,’’ J. Neurosci ., vol. 22, no. 19, pp. 8633–8646...cortex,’’ J. Neurosci ., vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 2112–2127, Mar. 15, 1997. [16] Y. Boykov, O. Veksler, and R. Zabih, ‘‘Fast approximate energy minimization...plasticity: A Hebbian learning rule,’’ Annu. Rev. Neurosci ., vol. 31, pp. 25–46, 2008. [19] V. A. Casagrande and J. H. Kaas, ‘‘The afferent, intrinsic

Topic 1.1.2, Unsteady Aerodynamics: Time-Varying Compressible Dynamic Stall Mechanisms Due to Freestream Mach Oscillations

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-31

separation during the pitch-up motion – thus interrupting the vortex shedding that is characteristic of deep dynamic stall (Ericsson and Reding , 1984). The...Aircraft, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 782-786. Ericsson, L. E. and Reding , J. P., (1971) “Dynamic Stall Simulation Problems,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 8, No...7, pp. 579-583. Ericsson, L. E. and Reding , J. P., (1984) “Shock-Induced Dynamic Stall,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 316-321. Favier

New Bounds on the Total-Squared-Correlation of Quaternary Signature Sets and Optimal Designs

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

2004. [8] G. S. Rajappan and M. L. Honig, “Signature sequence adaptation for DS - CDMA with multipath,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Commun., vol...vol. 51, pp. 1900-1907, May 2005. [10] G. N. Karystinos and D. A. Pados, “New bounds on the total squared correlation and optimum design of DS - CDMA ...Pados bounds on DS - CDMA binary signature sets,” Des., Codes Cryp- togr., vol. 30, pp. 73-84, Aug. 2003. [12] V. P. Ipatov, “On the Karystinos-Pados bounds

AGARD Flight Test Techniques Series. Volume 18. Flight Testing of Radio Navigation Systems. (Les Essais en Vol des Systemes de Radionavigation)

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-04-01

18 Flight Testing of Radio Navigation Systems (les Essais en vol des systemes de radionavigation) This AGARDograph has been sponsored by the Systems...Techniques Series - Volume 18 Flight Testing of Radio Navigation Systems (les Essais en vol des syst~mes de radionavigation) Edited by H. Bothe H.J...Landing Test and Other Short-Range 19853 Applications by P. de Benquoe D’Agut, H. Rieheek and A. Pool 17. Analogue Signal Conditioning for Flight Test

NOSC/ONR Robotics Bibliography (1961-1981).

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-01

28, 6 Dec., 1979 @, p4 "DEFENSE EQUIPMENT FIRM TRAINS ROBOT TO PERFORM CRAFTSMAN-SKILLED TASK", Industrial Engineering, vol 13, no 5, May 1981 @, p90...1974 @, pCI-I-8 Gupton, J. A. Jr., "BUILD THIS UNICORN -i ROBOT PART I", Radio-Electronics, vol 51, no 8, 1980 @, p 3 7 ,4 1 ,76 Gupton, J. A. Jr...34BUILD THIS UNICORN -i ROBOT PART II", Radio-Electronics, vol 51, no 9, Sept. 1980 @, p55-8 Gupton, J. A., Jr., "TALK TO A TURTLE; BUILD A COMPUTER

Space Operations for the 21st Century: A Functional Approach

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-03-01

Air Force, vol. II, March 1992, Essay H , 66. 9Ibid., 66-7. 10AFM 1-1, Vol. I, 1,7,8 and Vol. II, Essay J, 79-83. 11Air Force Doctrine Document (AFDD) 4...The Spacecast 2020 Process (Maxwell AFB, AL: Air University, 22 June 1994), 4. 2Ernest Y. Robinson, Henry Helvajian , and Siegfried W. Janson, “Small and... Helvajian , Henry and Janson, Siegfried W. “Small and Smaller: The World of MNT,” Aerospace America, 34, no 9 (September 1996), 26-32. U.S. Air Force

Contrast Enhancement for Thermal Acoustic Breast Cancer Imaging via Resonant Stimulation

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-01

structures,” Appl . Opt., vol. 39, no. 31, pp. 5872–5883, 2000. [12] D. Feng, Y. Xu, G. Ku, and L. V. Wang, “Microwave-induced thermoa- coustic tomography...image recon- struction,” Appl . Opt., vol. 39, no. 32, pp. 5971–5977, 2000. [14] G. Kossoff, E. K. Fry, and J. Jellins, “Average velocity of ultrasound...P. Stoica, and R. Wu, “Microwave imaging via adaptive beamforming methods for breast cancer detection,” J. Electro- magn. Waves Appl ., vol. 20, no. 1

Fluid Dynamic Mechanisms and Interactions within Separated Flows.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-07-01

Vol. 42, Series E, No., pp. 197, pp. 387-39S. b5-bD, March N95, 18. Warpinski , N. R., and Chow, W. L., "Base Pres- 27. Chow, W. L., "Base Pressure of a...lied Rocket/Plume Fluid Dynamic Interactions, Vol. Mechanics, Vol. 46, No. 3, Sept. 197. 1, Base Flows, Fluid Dynamic Lab Report 63-101, 19. Warpinski ...34Surface Pressure Measurements ’" Warpinski , N. R. and Chow, W. L., "Base Pressure Associated on a Boattailed Projectile Shape at Transonic Speeds," ARBRL

General Results in Optimal Control of Discrete-Time Nonlinear Stochastic Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

P. J. McLane, "Optimal Stochastic Control of Linear System. with State- and Control-Dependent Distur- bances," ZEEE Trans. 4uto. Contr., Vol. 16, No...Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 359-362, 1987 (9] R. R. Mohler and W. J. Kolodziej, "An Overview of Stochastic Bilinear Control Processes," ZEEE Trans. Syst...34 J. of Math. anal. App.:, Vol. 47, pp. 156-161, 1974 [14) E. Yaz, "A Control Scheme for a Class of Discrete Nonlinear Stochastic Systems," ZEEE Trans

The feasibility of a scanner-independent technique to estimate organ dose from MDCT scans: Using CTDI{sub vol} to account for differences between scanners

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Turner, Adam C.; Zankl, Maria; DeMarco, John J.

2010-04-15

Purpose: Monte Carlo radiation transport techniques have made it possible to accurately estimate the radiation dose to radiosensitive organs in patient models from scans performed with modern multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) scanners. However, there is considerable variation in organ doses across scanners, even when similar acquisition conditions are used. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a technique to estimate organ doses that would be scanner independent. This was accomplished by assessing the ability of CTDI{sub vol} measurements to account for differences in MDCT scanners that lead to organ dose differences. Methods: Monte Carlo simulationsmore » of 64-slice MDCT scanners from each of the four major manufacturers were performed. An adult female patient model from the GSF family of voxelized phantoms was used in which all ICRP Publication 103 radiosensitive organs were identified. A 120 kVp, full-body helical scan with a pitch of 1 was simulated for each scanner using similar scan protocols across scanners. From each simulated scan, the radiation dose to each organ was obtained on a per mA s basis (mGy/mA s). In addition, CTDI{sub vol} values were obtained from each scanner for the selected scan parameters. Then, to demonstrate the feasibility of generating organ dose estimates from scanner-independent coefficients, the simulated organ dose values resulting from each scanner were normalized by the CTDI{sub vol} value for those acquisition conditions. Results: CTDI{sub vol} values across scanners showed considerable variation as the coefficient of variation (CoV) across scanners was 34.1%. The simulated patient scans also demonstrated considerable differences in organ dose values, which varied by up to a factor of approximately 2 between some of the scanners. The CoV across scanners for the simulated organ doses ranged from 26.7% (for the adrenals) to 37.7% (for the thyroid), with a mean CoV of 31.5% across all organs. However, when organ doses are normalized by CTDI{sub vol} values, the differences across scanners become very small. For the CTDI{sub vol}, normalized dose values the CoVs across scanners for different organs ranged from a minimum of 2.4% (for skin tissue) to a maximum of 8.5% (for the adrenals) with a mean of 5.2%. Conclusions: This work has revealed that there is considerable variation among modern MDCT scanners in both CTDI{sub vol} and organ dose values. Because these variations are similar, CTDI{sub vol} can be used as a normalization factor with excellent results. This demonstrates the feasibility of establishing scanner-independent organ dose estimates by using CTDI{sub vol} to account for the differences between scanners.« less

Dose reduction for abdominal and pelvic MDCT after change to graduated weight-based protocol for selecting quality reference tube current, peak kilovoltage, and slice collimation.

PubMed

Herts, Brian R; Baker, Mark E; Obuchowski, Nancy; Primak, Andrew; Schneider, Erika; Rhana, Harpreet; Dong, Frank

2013-06-01

The purpose of this article is to determine the decrease in volume CT dose index (CTDI(vol)) and dose-length product (DLP) achieved by switching from fixed quality reference tube current protocols with automatic tube current modulation to protocols adjusting the quality reference tube current, slice collimation, and peak kilovoltage according to patient weight. All adult patients who underwent CT examinations of the abdomen or abdomen and pelvis during 2010 using weight-based protocols who also underwent a CT examination in 2008 or 2009 using fixed quality reference tube current protocols were identified from the radiology information system. Protocol pages were electronically retrieved, and the CT model, examination date, scan protocol, CTDI(vol), and DLP were extracted from the DICOM header or by optical character recognition. There were 15,779 scans with dose records for 2700 patients. Changes in CTDI(vol) and DLP were compared only between examinations of the same patient and same CT system model for examinations performed in 2008 or 2009 and those performed in 2010. The final analysis consisted of 1117 comparisons in 1057 patients, and 1209 comparisons in 988 patients for CTDI(vol) and DLP, respectively. The change to a weight-based protocol resulted in a statistically significant reduction in CTDI(vol) and DLP on three MDCT system models (p < 0.001). The largest average CTDI(vol) decrease was 13.9%, and the largest average DLP decrease was 16.1% on a 64-MDCT system. Both the CTDI(vol) and DLP decreased the most for patients who weighed less than 250 lb (112.5 kg). Adjusting the CT protocol by selecting parameters according to patient weight is a viable method for reducing CT radiation dose. The largest reductions occurred in the patients weighing less than 250 lb.

Isolation of indigenous enteroviruses from chemically treated and dewatered sludge samples.

PubMed Central

Goddard, M R; Bates, J; Butler, M

1982-01-01

Samples of wastewater sludge were examined for infectious enteroviruses before and after they had been chemically conditioned and dewatered. The least virus was recovered from the cake produced by filter pressing of sludge, which had a greatly increased solids content (39 to 45% [wt/vol]) relative to the untreated sludge (4.2 to 6.2% [wt/vol]) and in one plant was at pH 11 due to the lime conditioner used. Conditioning with a cationic polyelectrolyte before dewatering by centrifugation produced a watery sludge (2.7 to 5.3% [wt/vol]) from which high titers of infectious virus were recovered which were often greater than those isolated from the untreated sludge (0.6 to 1.4% [wt/vol]). This was thought to be due to saturation of virus and sludge floc adsorption sites by the polyelectrolyte, resulting in the liberation of virions from the sludge solids. PMID:6295275

Copper emissions from a high volume air sampler

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

King, R. B.; Toma, J.

1975-01-01

High volume air samplers (hi vols) are described which utilize a brush-type electric motor to power the fans used for pulling air through the filter. Anomalously high copper values were attributed to removal of copper from the commutator into the air stream due to arcing of the brushes and recirculation through the filter. Duplicate hi vols were set up under three operating conditions: (1) unmodified; (2) gasketed to prevent internal recirculation; and (3) gasketed and provided with a pipe to transport the motor exhaust some 20 feet away. The results of 5 days' operation demonstrate that hi vols can suddenly start emitting increased amounts of copper with no discernible operational indication, and that recirculation and capture on the filter can take place. Copper levels found with hi vols whose exhaust was discharged at a distance downwind were among the lowest found, and apparently provides a satisfactory solution to copper contamination.

New three-phase polymer-ceramic composite materials for miniaturized microwave antennas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Li; Zhang, Jie; Yue, Zhenxing; Li, Longtu

2016-09-01

Unique polymer-ceramic composites for microwave antenna applications were prepared via melt extrusion using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as the matrix and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) coated BaO-Nd2O3-TiO2 (BNT) ceramic-powders as the filler. By incorporating LDPE into the composites via a coating route, high ceramic-powder volume content (up to 50 vol%) could be achieved. The composites exhibited good microwave dielectric and thermomechanical behaviors. As BNT ceramic content increased from 10 vol% to 50 vol%, the permittivity of the composites increased from 3.45 (9 GHz) to 11.87 (7 GHz), while the dielectric loss remained lower than 0.0016. Microstrip antennas for applications in global positioning systems (GPS) were designed and fabricated from the composites containing 50 vol% BNT ceramics. The results indicate that the composites that have suitable permittivity and low dielectric loss are promising candidates for applications in miniaturized microwave devices, such as antennas.

Dry fermentation of agricultural residues

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jewell, W. J.; Chandler, J. A.; Dellorto, S.; Fanfoni, K. J.; Fast, S.; Jackson, D.; Kabrick, R. M.

1981-09-01

A dry fermentation process is discussed which converts agricultural residues to methane, using the residues in their as produced state. The process appears to simplify and enhance the possibilities for using crop residues as an energy source. The major process variables investigated include temperature, the amount and type of inoculum, buffer requirements, compaction, and pretreatment to control the initial available organic components that create pH problems. A pilot-scale reactor operation on corn stover at a temperature of 550 C, with 25 percent initial total solids, a seed-to-feed ratio of 2.5 percent, and a buffer-to-feed ratio of 8 percent achieved 33 percent total volatile solids destruction in 60 days. Volumetric biogas yields from this unit were greater than 1 vol/vol day for 12 days, and greater than 0.5 vol/vol day for 32 days, at a substrate density of 169 kg/m (3).

Influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) volume percentage on the magnetic and microwave absorbing properties of BaMg{sub 0.5}Co{sub 0.5}TiFe{sub 10}O{sub 19}/MWCNTs nanocomposites

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alam, Reza Shams; Moradi, Mahmood, E-mail: moradi@susc.ac.ir; Institute of Nanotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454

2016-01-15

Graphical abstract: Reflection losses of (a) doped barium hexaferrite, BaMg{sub 0.5}Co{sub 0.5}TiFe{sub 10}O{sub 19}, sample and their nanocomposites with (b) 4 vol. (c) 8 vol. and (d) 12 vol.% of MWCNTs are presented. - Highlights: • BaMg{sub 0.5}Co{sub 0.5}TiFe{sub 10}O{sub 19}/MWCNTs nanocomposites were synthesized. • The structural, magnetic and microwave absorption properties were investigated. • The microwave absorption is strongly influenced by volume percentage of MWCNTs. • The nanocomposite with 8 vol.% of MWCNTs can be proposed as a wideband absorber. - Abstract: In this study BaMg{sub 0.5}Co{sub 0.5}TiFe{sub 10}O{sub 19}/MWCNTs nanocomposites with different amount of MWCNTs (0, 4, 8more » and 12 vol.%) were synthesized. Here, the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to demonstrate the structural and morphological characteristics of the prepared samples. XRD along with FTIR examinations exhibited that the nanocomposites were successfully synthesized. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) showed the relatively strong dependence of saturation magnetization and coercivity on the volume percentage of MWCNTs. The microwave evaluation also confirmed that the complex permittivity of nanocomposites could be enhanced by adding MWCNTs. Finally, the nanocomposite with 8% vol. of MWCNTs exhibited the best microwave absorption performance among the samples.« less

Electrical stimulation superimposed onto voluntary muscular contraction.

PubMed

Paillard, Thierry; Noé, Frédéric; Passelergue, Philippe; Dupui, Philippe

2005-01-01

Electrical stimulation (ES) reverses the order of recruitment of motor units (MU) observed with voluntary muscular contraction (VOL) since under ES, large MU are recruited before small MU. The superimposition of ES onto VOL (superimposed technique: application of an electrical stimulus during a voluntary muscle action) can theoretically activate more motor units than VOL performed alone, which can engender an increase of the contraction force. Two superimposed techniques can be used: (i) the twitch interpolation technique (ITT), which consists of interjecting an electrical stimulus onto the muscle nerve; and (ii) the percutaneous superimposed electrical stimulation technique (PST), where the stimulation is applied to the muscle belly. These two superimposed techniques can be used to evaluate the ability to fully activate a muscle. They can thus be employed to distinguish the central or peripheral nature of fatigue after exhausting exercise. In general, whatever the technique employed, the superimposition of ES onto volitional exercise does not recruit more MU than VOL, except with eccentric actions. Nevertheless, the neuromuscular response associated with the use of the superimposed technique (ITT and PST) depends on the parameter of the superimposed current. The sex and the training level of the subjects can also modify the physiological impact of the superimposed technique. Although the motor control differs drastically between training with ES and VOL, the integration of the superimposed technique in training programmes with healthy subjects does not reveal significant benefits compared with programmes performed only with voluntary exercises. Nevertheless, in a therapeutic context, training programmes using ES superimposition compensate volume and muscle strength deficit with more efficiency than programmes using VOL or ES separately.

Evaluation of aeolian emissions from gold mine tailings on the Witwatersrand

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ojelede, M. E.; Annegarn, H. J.; Kneen, M. A.

2012-01-01

The Witwatersrand is known for the high frequency of aeolian dust storm episodes arising from gold mine tailings storage facilities (TSFs). Source and ambient atmosphere are poorly characterized from the point of view of particle size distribution and human health risk assessment. For years, routine monitoring was limited to sampling of dust fallout ⩾30 μm. Sampling and analyses of source and receptor material was conducted. Thirty-two bulk soils were collected from TSF along the east-west mining corridor, and size distribution analysis was performed in the range 0.05-900 μm using a Malvern® MS-14 Particle Size Analyser. Ambient aerosols in the range 0.25-32 μm were monitored at two separate locations using a Grimm® aerosol monitor, in the vicinity of three large currently active and a dormant TSF. Statistical analyses indicate that TSFs are rich in fine erodible materials, particularly active TSFs. Concentration of ⩽PM5 and ⩽PM10 components in source material was: recent slimes (14-24 vol.%; 22-38 vol.%), older slimes (6-17 vol.%; 11-26 vol.%) and sand (1-8 vol.%; 2-12 vol.%). Concentrations of airborne aerosols were below the South African Department of Environmental Affairs 24-h limit value of 120 μg m -3. With wind speeds exceeding 7 ms -1, ambient concentration reached 2160 μg m -3. This maximum is several times higher than the limit value. Erosion of tailings storage facilities is a strong driver influencing ambient particulate matter loading with adverse health implications for nearby residents.

PACAF commander to senators: Homeland defense 'sacred responsibility' >

Science.gov Websites

the CMSAF The Book Speeches Archive Former AF Top 3 Viewpoints and Speeches Air Force Warrior Games Games Portraits in Courage Portraits In Courage Vol. I Portraits In Courage Vol. II Portraits In Courage

Planetesimal core formation with partial silicate melting using in-situ high P, high T, deformation x-ray microtomography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anzures, B. A.; Watson, H. C.; Yu, T.; Wang, Y.

2017-12-01

Differentiation is a defining moment in formation of terrestrial planets and asteroids. Smaller planetesimals likely didn't reach high enough temperatures for widescale melting. However, we infer that core formation must have occurred within a few million years from Hf-W dating. In lieu of a global magma ocean, planetesimals likely formed through inefficient percolation. Here, we used in-situ high temperature, high pressure, x-ray microtomography to track the 3-D evolution of the sample at mantle conditions as it underwent shear deformation. Lattice-Boltzmann simulations for permeability were used to characterize the efficiency of melt percolation. Mixtures of KLB1 peridotite plus 6.0 to 12.0 vol% FeS were pre-sintered to achieve an initial equilibrium microstructure, and then imaged through several consecutive cycles of heating and deformation. The maximum calculated melt segregation velocity was found to be 0.37 cm/yr for 6 vol.% FeS and 0.61 cm/year for 12 vol.% FeS, both below the minimum velocity of 3.3 cm/year required for a 100km planetesimal to fully differentiate within 3 million years. However, permeability is also a function of grain size and thus the samples having smaller grains than predicted for small planetesimals could have contributed to low permeability and also low migration velocity. The two-phase (sulfide melt and silicate melt) flow at higher melt fractions (6 vol.% and 12 vol.% FeS) was an extension of a similar study1 containing only sulfide melt at lower melt fraction (4.5 vol.% FeS). Contrary to the previous study, deformation did result in increased permeability until the sample was sheared by twisting the opposing Drickamer anvils by 360 degrees. Also, the presence of silicate melt caused the FeS melt to coalesce into less connected pathways as the experiment with 6 vol.% FeS was found to be less permeable than the one with 4.5 vol.% FeS but without any partial melt. The preliminary data from this study suggests that impacts as well as higher temperature leading to partial melting of the silicate portion of the mantle could have contributed to fast enough core formation. 1. Todd, K.A., Watson, H.C., Yu, T., Wang, Y., American Mineralogist, 101.9, 1996-2004, 2016

Moral Injury, Spiritual Care and the Role of Chaplains: An Exploratory Scoping Review of Literature and Resources.

PubMed

Carey, Lindsay B; Hodgson, Timothy J; Krikheli, Lillian; Soh, Rachel Y; Armour, Annie-Rose; Singh, Taranjeet K; Impiombato, Cassandra G

2016-08-01

This scoping review considered the role of chaplains with regard to 'moral injury'. Moral injury is gaining increasing notoriety. This is due to greater recognition that trauma (in its various forms) can cause much deeper inflictions and afflictions than just physiological or psychological harm, for there may also be wounds affecting the 'soul' that are far more difficult to heal-if at all. As part of a larger research program exploring moral injury, a scoping review of literature and other resources was implemented utilising Arksey and O'Malley's scoping method (Int J Soc Res Methodol 8(1):19-32, 2005) to focus upon moral injury, spirituality (including religion) and chaplaincy. Of the total number of articles and/or resources noting the term 'moral injury' in relation to spiritual/religious issues (n = 482), the results revealed 60 resources that specifically noted moral injury and chaplains (or other similar bestowed title). The majority of these resources were clearly positive about the role (or the potential role) of chaplains with regard to mental health issues and/or moral injury. The World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases: Australian Modification of Health Interventions to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and related Health problems (10th revision, vol 3-WHO ICD-10-AM, Geneva, 2002), was utilised as a coding framework to classify and identify distinct chaplaincy roles and interventions with regard to assisting people with moral injury. Several recommendations are made concerning moral injury and chaplaincy, most particularly the need for greater research to be conducted.

A new multiresolution method applied to the 3D reconstruction of small bodies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Capanna, C.; Jorda, L.; Lamy, P. L.; Gesquiere, G.

2012-12-01

The knowledge of the three-dimensional (3D) shape of small solar system bodies, such as asteroids and comets, is essential in determining their global physical properties (volume, density, rotational parameters). It also allows performing geomorphological studies of their surface through the characterization of topographic features, such as craters, faults, landslides, grooves, hills, etc.. In the case of small bodies, the shape is often only constrained by images obtained by interplanetary spacecrafts. Several techniques are available to retrieve 3D global shapes from these images. Stereography which relies on control points has been extensively used in the past, most recently to reconstruct the nucleus of comet 9P/Tempel 1 [Thomas (2007)]. The most accurate methods are however photogrammetry and photoclinometry, often used in conjunction with stereography. Stereophotogrammetry (SPG) has been used to reconstruct the shapes of the nucleus of comet 19P/Borrelly [Oberst (2004)] and of the asteroid (21) Lutetia [Preusker (2012)]. Stereophotoclinometry (SPC) has allowed retrieving an accurate shape of the asteroids (25143) Itokawa [Gaskell (2008)] and (2867) Steins [Jorda (2012)]. We present a new photoclinometry method based on the deformation of a 3D triangular mesh [Capanna (2012)] using a multi-resolution scheme which starts from a sphere of 300 facets and yields a shape model with 100; 000 facets. Our strategy is inspired by the "Full Multigrid" method [Botsch (2007)] and consists in going alternatively between two resolutions in order to obtain an optimized shape model at a given resolution before going to the higher resolution. In order to improve the robustness of our method, we use a set of control points obtained by stereography. Our method has been tested on images acquired by the OSIRIS visible camera, aboard the Rosetta spacecraft of the European Space Agency, during the fly-by of asteroid (21) Lutetia in July 2010. We present the corresponding 3D shape model of its surface and compare it with models obtained with the SPG and SPC methods. We finally illustrate the practical interest of our approach in geomorphological studies through an analysis of depth to diameter ratio of several craters and topographic properties of other features. Botsch, M., et al., "Geometric modeling based on polygonal meshes," Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Course Notes, 2007 Capanna, C., et al.: 3D Reconstruction of small solar system bodies using photoclinometry by deformation, IADIS International Journal on Computer Science and Information Systems, in press, 2012. Gaskell, R. W., et al.: Characterizing and navigating small bodies with imaging data, Meteoritics and Planetary Science, vol 43, p. 1049, 2008. Jorda, L., et al: Asteroid (2867) Steins: Shape, Topography and Global Physical Properties from OSIRIS observations, Icarus, in press, 2012. Oberst, J., et al.: The nucleus of Comet Borrelly: a study of morphology and surface brightness, Icarus, vol. 167, 2004. Preusker, F., et al.: The northern hemisphere of asteroid 21 Lutetia topography and orthoimages from Rosetta OSIRIS NAC image data, Planetary and Space Science, vol. 66, p. 54-63, 2012. Thomas, P. C., et al.: The shape, topography, and geology of Tempel 1 from Deep Impact observations, Icarus, vol. 187, Issue 1, p. 4-15, 2007

Depositional setting, petrology and chemistry of Permian coals from the Paraná Basin: 2. South Santa Catarina Coalfield, Brazil

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kalkreuth, W.; Holz, M.; Mexias, A.; Balbinot, M.; Levandowski, J.; Willett, J.; Finkelman, R.; Burger, H.

2010-01-01

In Brazil economically important coal deposits occur in the southern part of the Paran?? Basin, where coal seams occur in the Permian Rio Bonito Formation, with major coal development in the states of Rio Grande de Sul and Santa Catarina. The current paper presents results on sequence stratigraphic interpretation of the coal-bearing strata, and petrological and geochemical coal seam characterization from the South Santa Catarina Coalfield, Paran?? Basin.In terms of sequence stratigraphic interpretation the precursor mires of the Santa Catarina coal seams formed in an estuarine-barrier shoreface depositional environment, with major peat accumulation in a high stand systems tract (Pre-Bonito and Bonito seams), a lowstand systems tract (Ponta Alta seam, seam A, seam B) and a transgressive systems tract (Irapu??, Barro Branco and Treviso seams).Seam thicknesses range from 1.70 to 2.39. m, but high proportions of impure coal (coaly shale and shaley coal), carbonaceous shale and partings reduce the net coal thickness significantly. Coal lithoypes are variable, with banded coal predominant in the Barro Branco seam, and banded dull and dull coal predominantly in Bonito and Irapu?? seams, respectively. Results from petrographic analyses indicate a vitrinite reflectance range from 0.76 to 1.63 %Rrandom (HVB A to LVB coal). Maceral group distribution varies significantly, with the Barro Branco seam having the highest vitrinite content (mean 67.5 vol%), whereas the Irapu?? seam has the highest inertinite content (33.8. vol%). Liptinite mean values range from 7.8. vol% (Barro Branco seam) to 22.5. vol% (Irapu?? seam).Results from proximate analyses indicate for the three seams high ash yields (50.2 - 64.2wt.%). Considering the International Classification of in-Seam Coals, all samples are in fact classified as carbonaceous rocks (>50wt.% ash). Sulfur contents range from 3.4 to 7.7 wt.%, of which the major part occurs as pyritic sulfur. Results of X-ray diffraction indicate the predominance of quartz and kaolinite (also pyrite). Gypsum, gibbsite, jarosite and calcite were also identified in some samples. Feldspar was noted but is rare. The major element distribution in the three seams (coal basis) is dominated by SiO2 (31.3wt.%, mean value), Al2O3 (14.5wt.%, mean value) and Fe2O3 (6.9 wt.%, mean value). Considering the concentrations of trace elements that are of potential environmental hazards the Barro Branco, Bonito and Irapu?? seams (coal base) are significantly enriched in Co (15.7ppm), Cr (54.5ppm), Li (59.3ppm), Mn (150.4ppm), Pb (58.0ppm) and V (99.6ppm), when compared to average trace elements contents reported for U. S. coals.Hierarchical cluster analysis identified, based on similarity levels, three groups of major elements and seven groups of trace elements. Applying discriminant analyses using trace and major element distribution, it could be demonstrated that the three seams from Santa Catarina show distinct populations in the discriminant analyses plots, and also differ from the coals of Rio Grande do Sul analyzed in a previous study. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.

Evolution Of USDOE Performance Assessments Over 20 Years

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Seitz, Roger R.; Suttora, Linda C.

2013-02-26

Performance assessments (PAs) have been used for many years for the analysis of post-closure hazards associated with a radioactive waste disposal facility and to provide a reasonable expectation of the ability of the site and facility design to meet objectives for the protection of members of the public and the environment. The use of PA to support decision-making for LLW disposal facilities has been mandated in United States Department of Energy (USDOE) directives governing radioactive waste management since 1988 (currently DOE Order 435.1, Radioactive Waste Management). Prior to that time, PAs were also used in a less formal role. Overmore » the past 20+ years, the USDOE approach to conduct, review and apply PAs has evolved into an efficient, rigorous and mature process that includes specific requirements for continuous improvement and independent reviews. The PA process has evolved through refinement of a graded and iterative approach designed to help focus efforts on those aspects of the problem expected to have the greatest influence on the decision being made. Many of the evolutionary changes to the PA process are linked to the refinement of the PA maintenance concept that has proven to be an important element of USDOE PA requirements in the context of supporting decision-making for safe disposal of LLW. The PA maintenance concept represents the evolution of the graded and iterative philosophy and has helped to drive the evolution of PAs from a deterministic compliance calculation into a systematic approach that helps to focus on critical aspects of the disposal system in a manner designed to provide a more informed basis for decision-making throughout the life of a disposal facility (e.g., monitoring, research and testing, waste acceptance criteria, design improvements, data collection, model refinements). A significant evolution in PA modeling has been associated with improved use of uncertainty and sensitivity analysis techniques to support efficient implementation of the graded and iterative approach. Rather than attempt to exactly predict the migration of radionuclides in a disposal unit, the best PAs have evolved into tools that provide a range of results to guide decision-makers in planning the most efficient, cost effective, and safe disposal of radionuclides.« less

Lessons Learned from Radioactive Waste Storage and Disposal Facilities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Esh, David W.; Bradford, Anna H.

2008-01-15

The safety of radioactive waste disposal facilities and the decommissioning of complex sites may be predicated on the performance of engineered and natural barriers. For assessing the safety of a waste disposal facility or a decommissioned site, a performance assessment or similar analysis is often completed. The analysis is typically based on a site conceptual model that is developed from site characterization information, observations, and, in many cases, expert judgment. Because waste disposal facilities are sited, constructed, monitored, and maintained, a fair amount of data has been generated at a variety of sites in a variety of natural systems. Thismore » paper provides select examples of lessons learned from the observations developed from the monitoring of various radioactive waste facilities (storage and disposal), and discusses the implications for modeling of future waste disposal facilities that are yet to be constructed or for the development of dose assessments for the release of decommissioning sites. Monitoring has been and continues to be performed at a variety of different facilities for the disposal of radioactive waste. These include facilities for the disposal of commercial low-level waste (LLW), reprocessing wastes, and uranium mill tailings. Many of the lessons learned and problems encountered provide a unique opportunity to improve future designs of waste disposal facilities, to improve dose modeling for decommissioning sites, and to be proactive in identifying future problems. Typically, an initial conceptual model was developed and the siting and design of the disposal facility was based on the conceptual model. After facility construction and operation, monitoring data was collected and evaluated. In many cases the monitoring data did not comport with the original site conceptual model, leading to additional investigation and changes to the site conceptual model and modifications to the design of the facility. The following cases are discussed: commercial LLW disposal facilities; uranium mill tailings disposal facilities; and reprocessing waste storage and disposal facilities. The observations developed from the monitoring and maintenance of waste disposal and storage facilities provide valuable lessons learned for the design and modeling of future waste disposal facilities and the decommissioning of complex sites.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mollah, A.S.

Low level radioactive waste (LLW) is generated from various nuclear applications in Bangladesh. The major sources of radioactive waste in the country are at present: (a) the 3 MW TRIGA Mark-II research reactor; (b) the radioisotope production facility; (c) the medical, industrial and research facilities that use radionuclides; and (d) the industrial facility for processing monazite sands. Radioactive waste needs to be safely managed because it is potentially hazardous to human health and the environment. According to Nuclear Safety and Radiation Control Act-93, the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC) is the governmental body responsible for the receipt and final disposalmore » of radioactive wastes in the whole country. Waste management policy has become an important environmental, social, and economical issue for LLW in Bangladesh. Policy and strategies will serve as a basic guide for radioactive waste management in Bangladesh. The waste generator is responsible for on-site collection, conditioning and temporary storage of the waste arising from his practice. The Central Waste Processing and Storage Unit (CWPSU) of BAEC is the designated national facility with the requisite facility for the treatment, conditioning and storage of radioactive waste until a final disposal facility is established and becomes operational. The Regulatory Authority is responsible for the enforcement of compliance with provisions of the waste management regulation and other relevant requirements by the waste generator and the CWPSU. The objective of this paper is to present, in a concise form, basic information about the radioactive waste management infrastructure, regulations, policies and strategies including the total inventory of low level radioactive waste in the country. For improvement and strengthening in terms of operational capability, safety and security of RW including spent radioactive sources and overall security of the facility (CWPSF), the facility is expected to serve waste management need in the country and, in the course of time, the facility may be turned into a regional level training centre. It is essential for safe conduction and culture of research and application in nuclear science and technology maintaining the relevant safety of man and environment and future generations to come. (authors)« less

Variability of Practice and the Transfer of Training of Motor Skills

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-11-01

Christina (Eds.), Psychology of motor be- havior and sport (Vol. 2). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers, 1977. 36 Kerr, R., & Booth, B. Specific...motor behavior and sport (Vol. 1). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers, 1977. 38 061384

F-35 program accelerating, at 'pivot point,' program chief tells Congress >

Science.gov Websites

the CMSAF The Book Speeches Archive Former AF Top 3 Viewpoints and Speeches Air Force Warrior Games Games Portraits in Courage Portraits In Courage Vol. I Portraits In Courage Vol. II Portraits In Courage

Beale selected for Resilient Energy Demonstration Initiative > U.S. Air

Science.gov Websites

the CMSAF The Book Speeches Archive Former AF Top 3 Viewpoints and Speeches Air Force Warrior Games Games Portraits in Courage Portraits In Courage Vol. I Portraits In Courage Vol. II Portraits In Courage

Screaming Trees: The Nigerian Deforestation Crisis

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-02

William Ehwarieme, Corruption and Enviromental Degradation in Nigeria and its Niger Delta, Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, Vol 13, No...Ehwarieme, William. Corruption and Enviromental Degradation in Nigeria and its Niger Delta. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (Vol 13, No. 5

Service Vessel Analysis. Vol. II : Detailed District Plots.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1987-09-01

This is a supplement to Service Vessel Analysis, Vol. I: Seagoing and Coastal Vessel Requirements for Servicing Aids to Navigation. The material included is not intended to stand alone but is prepared for use in conjunction with the original study. T...

Development of a New Specification for Aircraft Catapult Lubricant, LA7, NSN 9150-01-430-2884

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-30

hours, run at 95C in the presence of water and an iron - copper catalyst. It is mainly used to assess oils used in circulating oil systems. The test is...and an iron -copper catalyst and is terminated when the total acid number reaches a value of 2.0 mg KOH/g with the number of test hours at that point...Tendency/Stability ASTM D 892 Seq. 1 Aerated Vol., mL, Max 50 Vol. after 10 min, mL, Max 0 Seq. II Aerated Vol., mL, Max 50

Structure and magnetic properties of Ni-poly(p-xylylene) nanocomposites synthesized by vapor deposition polymerization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ozerin, Sergei A.; Vdovichenko, Artem Yu.; Streltsov, Dmitry R.; Davydov, Alexander B.; Orekhov, Anton S.; Vasiliev, Alexander L.; Zubavichus, Yan V.; Grigoriev, Evgenii I.; Zavyalov, Sergei A.; Oveshnikov, Leonid N.; Aronzon, Boris A.; Chvalun, Sergei N.

2017-12-01

The relationship between structure, electrical and magnetic properties of thin poly(p-xylylene) - nickel nanocomposite films with Ni concentrations from 5 to 30 vol% was studied. It was found that metal concentration strongly affects size and oxidation state of the nanoparticles and composites morphology. At nickel concentration below 5 vol% the nanoparticles are oxidized to NiO and homogeneously distributed within fine-grained polymer matrix. An increase of Ni concentration up to 10 vol% results in the development of coarse-grained morphology with preferable localization of the nanoparticles at the boundaries of polymeric grains. And finally, in the composite films with nickel concentration above 20 vol%, the fine-grained morphology is observed again, but the nanoparticles are mainly metallic. Effect of the filler content on electrical and magnetic properties of the nanocomposites was elucidated showing that they are determined by percolation phenomenon with the threshold value of about 10 vol%. The well-pronounced magnetic hysteresis as well as ferromagnetic ordering were observed at Ni content above the percolation threshold. The diagrams of magnetic properties of these composites as a function of composition and temperature were elaborated. It was demonstrated that film annealing can be used to control magnetic properties of the composites and strongly enhance magnetoresistance.

HDPE-Al2O3-HAp composites for biomedical applications: processing and characterizations.

PubMed

Nath, Shekhar; Bodhak, Subhadip; Basu, Bikramjit

2009-01-01

The objective of this work is to demonstrate how the stiffness, hardness, as well as the biocompatibility property, of bioinert high-density polyethylene (HDPE) can be significantly improved by the combined addition of both bioinert and bioactive ceramic fillers. For this purpose, different volume fractions of hydroxyapatite and alumina, limited to a total of 40 vol %, have been incorporated in HDPE matrix. All the hybrid composites and monolithic HDPE were developed under optimized hot pressing condition (130 degrees C, 0.5 h, 92 MPa pressure). The results of the mechanical property characterization reveal that higher elastic modulus (6.2 GPa) and improved hardness (226.5 MPa) could be obtained in the developed HDPE-20 vol %-HAp-20 vol % Al(2)O(3) composite. Under the selected fretting conditions against various counterbody materials (steel, Al(2)O(3), and ZrO(2)), an extremely low COF of (0.07-0.11) and higher wear resistance (order of 10(-6) mm(3)/Nm) are obtained with the HDPE/20 vol % HAp/20 vol % Al(2)O(3) composite in both air and simulated body fluid environment. Importantly, in-vitro cell culture study using L929 fibroblast cells confirms favorable cell adhesion properties in the developed hybrid composite. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Phase separation between nucleoid and cytoplasm in Escherichia coli as defined by immersive refractometry.

PubMed Central

Valkenburg, J A; Woldringh, C L

1984-01-01

The refractive indices of nucleoid and cytoplasm in Escherichia coli were derived theoretically and experimentally. For the theoretical estimates, we made use of the known macromolecular composition of E. coli B/r (G. Churchward and H. Bremer, J. Theor. Biol. 94:651-670, 1982) and of estimates of cell and nucleoid volumes. These were obtained from micrographs of living bacteria made with a confocal scanning light microscope. The theoretical values were calculated, assuming that all DNA occurred in the nucleoid and that all protein and RNA occurred in the cytoplasm. Comparison with experimental refractive index values directly obtained by immersive refractometry showed that, besides its DNA, the nucleoid must contain an additional amount of solids equivalent to 8.6% (wt/vol) protein. With the nucleoid containing 6.8% (wt/vol) DNA and 8.6% (wt/vol) protein and the cytoplasm containing 21% (wt/vol) protein and 4% (wt/vol) RNA, a mass difference is obtained, which accounts for the phase separation observed between the nucleoid and cytoplasm in living cells by phase-contrast microscopy. The decrease in the refractive index of the nucleoid relative to that of the cytoplasm observed upon, for instance, OsO4 fixation was interpreted as being indicative of the loss of protein content in the nucleoid. Images PMID:6389508

Environmental implications on the oxygenation of gasoline with ethanol in the metropolitan area of Mexico City.

PubMed

Schifter, I; Vera, M; Díaz, L; Guzmán, E; Ramos, F; López-Salinas, E

2001-05-15

Motor vehicle emission tests were performed on 12 in-use light duty vehicles, made up of the most representative emission control technologies in Mexico City: no catalyst, oxidative catalyst, and three way catalyst. Exhaust regulated (CO, NOx, and hydrocarbons) and toxic (benzene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and 1,3-butadiene) emissions were evaluated for MTBE (5 vol %)- and ethanol (3, 6, and 10 vol %)-gasoline blends. The most significant overall emissions variations derived from the use of 6 vol % ethanol (relative to a 5% MTBE base gasoline) were 16% decrease in CO, 28% reduction in formaldehyde, and 80% increase in acetaldehyde emissions. A 26% reduction in CO emissions from the oldest fleet (< MY 1991, without catalytic converter), which represents about 44% of the in-use light duty vehicles in Mexico city, can be attained when using 6 vol% ethanol-gasoline, without significant variation in hydrocarbons and NOx emissions, when compared with a 5% vol MTBE-gasoline. On the basis of the emissions results, an estimation of the change in the motor vehicle emissions of the metropolitan area of Mexico city was calculated for the year 2010 if ethanol were to be used instead of MTBE, and the outcome was a considerable decrease in all regulated and toxic emissions, despite the growing motor vehicle population.

Microstructural, textural, and sensory characteristics of probiotic yogurts fortified with sodium calcium caseinate or whey protein concentrate.

PubMed

Akalın, A S; Unal, G; Dinkci, N; Hayaloglu, A A

2012-07-01

The influence of milk protein-based ingredients on the textural characteristics, sensory properties, and microstructure of probiotic yogurt during a refrigerated storage period of 28 d was studied. Milk was fortified with 2% (wt/vol) skim milk powder as control, 2% (wt/vol) sodium calcium caseinate (SCaCN), 2% (wt/vol) whey protein concentrate (WPC) or a blend of 1% (wt/vol) SCaCN and 1% (wt/vol) WPC. A commercial yogurt starter culture and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 as probiotic bacteria were used for the production. The fortification with SCaCN improved the firmness and adhesiveness. Higher values of viscosity were also obtained in probiotic yogurts with SCaCN during storage. However, WPC enhanced water-holding capacity more than the caseinate. Addition of SCaCN resulted in a coarse, smooth, and more compact protein network; however, WPC gave finer and bunched structures in the scanning electron microscopy micrographs. The use of SCaCN decreased texture scores in probiotic yogurt; probably due to the lower water-holding capacity and higher syneresis values in the caseinate-added yogurt sample. Therefore, the textural characteristics of probiotic yogurts improved depending on the ingredient variety. Copyright © 2012 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Weak convergence of a projection algorithm for variational inequalities in a Banach space

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iiduka, Hideaki; Takahashi, Wataru

2008-03-01

Let C be a nonempty, closed convex subset of a Banach space E. In this paper, motivated by Alber [Ya.I. Alber, Metric and generalized projection operators in Banach spaces: Properties and applications, in: A.G. Kartsatos (Ed.), Theory and Applications of Nonlinear Operators of Accretive and Monotone Type, in: Lecture Notes Pure Appl. Math., vol. 178, Dekker, New York, 1996, pp. 15-50], we introduce the following iterative scheme for finding a solution of the variational inequality problem for an inverse-strongly-monotone operator A in a Banach space: x1=x[set membership, variant]C andxn+1=[Pi]CJ-1(Jxn-[lambda]nAxn) for every , where [Pi]C is the generalized projection from E onto C, J is the duality mapping from E into E* and {[lambda]n} is a sequence of positive real numbers. Then we show a weak convergence theorem (Theorem 3.1). Finally, using this result, we consider the convex minimization problem, the complementarity problem, and the problem of finding a point u[set membership, variant]E satisfying 0=Au.

Worldwide Engagement for Digitizing Biocollections (WeDigBio): The Biocollections Community's Citizen-Science Space on the Calendar

PubMed Central

Kimberly, Paul; Guralnick, Robert; Flemons, Paul; Love, Kevin; Ellis, Shari; Allen, Julie M; Best, Jason H; Carter, Richard; Chagnoux, Simon; Costello, Robert; Denslow, Michael W; Dunckel, Betty A; Ferriter, Meghan M; Gilbert, Edward E; Goforth, Christine; Groom, Quentin; Krimmel, Erica R; LaFrance, Raphael; Martinec, Joann Lacey; Miller, Andrew N; Minnaert-Grote, Jamie; Nash, Thomas; Oboyski, Peter; Paul, Deborah L; Pearson, Katelin D; Pentcheff, N Dean; Roberts, Mari A; Seltzer, Carrie E; Soltis, Pamela S; Stephens, Rhiannon; Sweeney, Patrick W; von Konrat, Matt; Wall, Adam; Wetzer, Regina; Zimmerman, Charles; Mast, Austin R

2018-01-01

Abstract The digitization of biocollections is a critical task with direct implications for the global community who use the data for research and education. Recent innovations to involve citizen scientists in digitization increase awareness of the value of biodiversity specimens; advance science, technology, engineering, and math literacy; and build sustainability for digitization. In support of these activities, we launched the first global citizen-science event focused on the digitization of biodiversity specimens: Worldwide Engagement for Digitizing Biocollections (WeDigBio). During the inaugural 2015 event, 21 sites hosted events where citizen scientists transcribed specimen labels via online platforms (DigiVol, Les Herbonautes, Notes from Nature, the Smithsonian Institution's Transcription Center, and Symbiota). Many citizen scientists also contributed off-site. In total, thousands of citizen scientists around the world completed over 50,000 transcription tasks. Here, we present the process of organizing an international citizen-science event, an analysis of the event's effectiveness, and future directions—content now foundational to the growing WeDigBio event. PMID:29599548

Possible Deficiencies in Predicting Transonic Aerodynamics on the X-43A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Labbe, Steven G.; Gilbert, Michael G.; Kehoe, Michael W.

2009-01-01

The initial X-43A flight test, June 2, 2001, resulted in a mishap and loss of the vehicle. A mishap investigation board (MIB) report and findings, including the established root cause, were publicly released on July, 23, 2003. The X-43A Flight 1 Hyper-X Launch Vehicle (HXLV) failed because the vehicle control system design was deficient for the trajectory flown due to inaccurate analytical models (Pegasus heritage and HXLV specific), which overestimated the (control) system margin ? X-43A Mishap Investigation Report, Vol. I. ? included as Reference 1. Several specific errors were noted, 1) HXLV aerodynamics ? failure to model changes to wing, fin and rudder airfoil shapes due to addition of thermal protection system (TPS); 2) Fin actuation system (FAS) modeling ? under prediction of the control surface hinge moments and FAS compliance; and 3) Parametric uncertainties ? insufficient variation in the aerodynamic, FAS and control system models. In response to the MIB findings, the X-43A program has been working RTF through an approved Corrective Action Plan (CAP) over the last two years.

Infection and the Burn Patient,

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-01

Leading articles -T[--- Sr. J. Surg. 1990, Vol. 77, October, 1081- 1082 Ii’ ftELECTE f Infection and the burn patient 0U11901 Can ... the leopard...Distribution/ Availability Codes. Avail and/or Dlst Special 1082 Br. J. Surg., Vol. 77, No. 10, October 1990

Osmosis and Surface Area to Volume Ratio.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barrett, D. R. B.

1984-01-01

Describes an experiment designed to help students understand the concepts of osmosis and surface area to volume ratio (SA:VOL). The task for students is to compare water uptake in different sizes of potato cubes and relate differences to their SA:VOL ratios. (JN)

76 FR 12795 - Department of Education Acquisition Regulation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-08

... Vol. 76 Tuesday, No. 45 March 8, 2011 Part II Department of Education 48 CFR Chapter 34 Department of Education Acquisition Regulation; Rule #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 76 , No. 45 / Tuesday, March 8, 2011 / Rules and Regulations#0;#0; [[Page 12796

Reduced growth factor requirement of keloid-derived fibroblasts may account for tumor growth

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Russell, S.B.; Trupin, K.M.; Rodriguez-Eaton, S.

Keloids are benign dermal tumors that form during an abnormal wound-healing process is genetically susceptible individuals. Although growth of normal and keloid cells did not differ in medium containing 10% (vol/vol) fetal bovine serum, keloid culture grew to significantly higher densities than normal cells in medium containing 5% (vol/vol) fetal bovine serum, keloid cultures grew to significantly higher densities than normal cells in medium containing 5% (vol/vol) plasma or 1% fetal bovine serum. Conditioned medium from keloid cultures did not stimulate growth of normal cells in plasma nor did it contain detectable platelet-derived growth factor or epidermal growth factor. Keloidmore » fibroblasts responded differently than normal adult fibroblasts to transforming growth factor ..beta... Whereas transforming growth factor ..beta.. reduced growth stimulation by epidermal growth factor in cells from normal adult skin or scars, it enhanced the activity of epidermal growth factor in cells from normal adult skin or scars, it enhanced the activity of epidermal growth factor in cells from keloids. Normal and keloid fibroblasts also responded differently to hydrocortisone: growth was stimulated in normal adult cells and unaffected or inhibited in keloid cells. Fetal fibroblasts resembled keloid cells in their ability to grow in plasma and in their response to hydrocortisone. The ability of keloid fibroblasts to grow to higher cell densities in low-serum medium than cells from normal adult skin or from normal early or mature scars suggests that a reduced dependence on serum growth factors may account for their prolonged growth in vivo. Similarities between keloid and fetal cells suggest that keloids may result from the untimely expression of growth-control mechanism that is developmentally regulated.« less

Effects of alcohol ethoxylate and pluronic detergents on the development of pasture bloat in cattle and sheep.

PubMed

Stanford, K; Wang, Y; Berg, B P; Majak, W; McCartney, D H; Baron, V; McAllister, T A

2001-01-01

A series of studies was conducted to determine the efficacy and possible modes of action of a water-soluble mixture of alcohol ethoxylate and pluronic detergents (AEPD; Blocare 4511, ANCARE, Auckland, NZ) in preventing pasture bloat in ruminants grazing or fed freshly harvested alfalfa. Ten cannulated Suffolk wethers were offered freshly harvested alfalfa; five were given a daily intraruminal dose of 40 ml of 50% AEPD (vol/vol) 1 h before feeding, and five (controls) were dosed with water. Viscosity of ruminal fluid was reduced (P < 0.001) in AEPD-treated wethers, relative to the controls, for the first 2 h after feeding but not at 4 h after feeding and beyond. Treatment with AEPD did not affect dry matter (DM) intake, digestibility of DM, acid detergent fiber, or neutral detergent fiber, or N digestion and retention, implying that AEPD likely would not affect milk production. In a crossover grazing study, five of the wethers were given AEPD in drinking water (0.1%, vol/vol); treatment with AEPD was 100% effective for preventing bloat in sheep grazing early-bloom alfalfa for 4 h daily. Replicate grazing studies were conducted with cattle in Lethbridge, AB; Lacombe, AB; and Kamloops, BC. Treated animals received AEPD in the water (0.06%, vol/vol) and grazed vegetative alfalfa for 6 h daily. As it did with sheep, AEPD treatment effectively precluded the bloat observed in control animals. Consequently, AEPD may be a valuable tool for alfalfa pasture-based dairy production although further study is required to develop an integrated model for optimal administration under a variety of climatic conditions.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Senova, Suhan; Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Inserm, U955, Equipe 14, Université Paris Est, Faculté de médecine, Créteil

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between dosimetric characteristics and symptoms related to trigeminal neuropathy (TN) observed after radiosurgery (RS) for vestibular schwannomas (VS); to propose guidelines to optimize planification in VS RS regarding TN preservation; and to detail the mechanism of TN impairment after VS RS. Methods and Materials: One hundred seventy-nine patients treated between 2011 and 2013 for VS RS and without trigeminal impairment before RS were included in a retrospective study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine predictors of TN among characteristics of the patients, the dosimetry, and the VS. Results: There were 20 Koos grade 1,more » 99 grade 2, 57 grade 3, and 3 grade 4. Fourteen patients (7.8%) presented a transitory or permanent TN. Between the patients with and without TN after VS RS, there was no significant difference regarding dosimetry or VS volume itself. Significant differences (univariate analysis P<.05, Mann-Whitney test) were found for parameters related to the cisternal portion of the trigeminal nerve: total integrated dose, maximum dose, mean dose, volume of the Vth nerve (Vol{sub v}), and volume of the Vth nerve receiving at least 11 Gy (Vol{sub Vcist>11Gy}), but also for maximal dose to the Vth nerve nucleus and intra-axial portion (Dose max{sub Vax}). After multivariate analysis, the best model predicting TN included Vol{sub Vcist>11Gy} (P=.0045), Dose max{sub Vax} (P=.0006), and Vol{sub v} (P=.0058). The negative predictive value of this model was 97%. Conclusions: The parameters Vol{sub Vcist>11Gy}, Dose max{sub Vax}, and Vol{sub v} should be checked when designing dosimetry for VS RS.« less

Field-based evaluation of semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) as passive air samplers of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bartkow, M.E.; Huckins, J.N.; Muller, J.F.

2004-01-01

Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) have been used as passive air samplers of semivolatile organic compounds in a range of studies. However, due to a lack of calibration data for polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), SPMD data have not been used to estimate air concentrations of target PAHs. In this study, SPMDs were deployed for 32 days at two sites in a major metropolitan area in Australia. High-volume active sampling systems (HiVol) were co-deployed at both sites. Using the HiVol air concentration data from one site, SPMD sampling rates were measured for 12 US EPA Priority Pollutant PAHs and then these values were used to determine air concentrations at the second site from SPMD concentrations. Air concentrations were also measured at the second site with co-deployed HiVols to validate the SPMD results. PAHs mostly associated with the vapour phase (Fluorene to Pyrene) dominated both the HiVol and passive air samples. Reproducibility between replicate passive samplers was satisfactory (CV<20%) for the majority of compounds. Sampling rates ranged between 0.6 and 6.1 m3 d-1. SPMD-based air concentrations were calculated at the second site for each compound using these sampling rates and the differences between SPMD-derived air concentrations and those measured using a HiVol were, on average, within a factor of 1.5. The dominant processes for the uptake of PAHs by SPMDs were also assessed. Using the SPMD method described herein, estimates of particulate sorbed airborne PAHs with five rings or greater were within 1.8-fold of HiVol measured values. ?? 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Spark plasma sintering of silicon carbide, multi-walled carbon nanotube and graphene reinforced zirconium diboride ceramic composite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balaraman Yadhukulakrishnan, Govindaraajan

Scope and Method of Study: Space vehicles re-entering the earth's atmosphere experience very high temperatures due to aerodynamic heating. Ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTC) with melting point higher than 3200°C are promising materials for thermal protection systems of such space vehicles re-entering the earth's atmosphere. Among several UHTC systems ZrB2 based ceramic composites are particularly important for thermal protection systems due to their better mechanical and thermoelectric properties and high oxidation resistance. In this study spark plasma sintering of SiC, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene nano platelets (GNP) reinforced ZrB2 ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites is reported. Findings and Conclusions: Systematic investigations on the effect of reinforcement type (SiC, CNTs and GNP) and content (10-40 vol.% SiC, 2-6 vol.% CNTs and 2-6 vol.% GNP) on densification behavior, microstructure development, and mechanical properties (microhardness, bi-axial flexural strength, and indentation fracture toughness) are reported. With the similar SPS parameters near-full densification (>99% relative density) was achieved with 10-40 vol.% SiC, 4-6 vol.% CNT reinforced composites. Highly dense composites were obtained in 4-6 vol.% GNP reinforced composites. The SiC, CNT and GNP reinforcement improved the indentation fracture toughness of the composites through a range of toughening mechanisms, including particle shearing, crack deflection at the particle-matrix interface, and grain pull-outs for ZrB2-SiC composites, CNT pull-outs and crack deflection in ZrB2-CNT composites and crack deflection, crack bridging and GNP sheet pull-out for ZrB2 -GNP composites.

Pentagon spokesman: Up to 250 more U.S. forces to deploy to Syria > U.S.

Science.gov Websites

the CMSAF The Book Speeches Archive Former AF Top 3 Viewpoints and Speeches Air Force Warrior Games Games Portraits in Courage Portraits In Courage Vol. I Portraits In Courage Vol. II Portraits In Courage

78 FR 48005 - Applications for New Awards; Race to the Top-District

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-06

... Vol. 78 Tuesday, No. 151 August 6, 2013 Part VI Department of Education Applications for New Awards; Race to the Top--District; Notice #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 78 , No. 151 / Tuesday, August 6, 2013 / Notices#0;#0; [[Page 48006

76 FR 29083 - Agriculture Priorities and Allocations System

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-19

... Vol. 76 Thursday, No. 97 May 19, 2011 Part III Department of Agriculture Farm Service Agency 7 CFR Part 789 Agriculture Priorities and Allocations System; Proposed Rule #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 76 , No. 97 / Thursday, May 19, 2011 / Proposed Rules#0;#0; [[Page 29084

6. Historic American Buildings Survey Photocopy of Interior, c. 1900 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

6. Historic American Buildings Survey Photocopy of Interior, c. 1900 Library with John Fiske's Furnishings, John Spencer Clark, The Life and Letters of John Fiske, 2 Vols. Boston, 1917, Vol. 2, p. 94 - John Fiske House, 22 Berkeley Street, Cambridge, Middlesex County, MA

High Resolution Signal Processing

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-08-19

Donald Tufts, Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, Vol.2, No. 4 PP.395-404, December 1991 "* "Iterative Realization of the...Chen and Donald Tufts , Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, Vol.2, No. 4 PP.395-404, December 1991. * "Fast Maximum Likelihood

The importance of the solids loading on confirming the dielectric nanosize dependence of BaTiO₃ powders by slurry method.

PubMed

Zhou, Wei; Nie, Yi Mei; Li, Shu Jing; Liang, Hai Yan

2013-01-01

The dielectric nanosize dependence of BaTiO₃ powders was investigated by the slurry method, where two series of BaTiO₃ slurries with 10 vol% and 30 vol% solids loadings were prepared as model samples. Applying the Bruggeman-Hanai equation, the high-frequency limiting permittivity (ε(h)) of the slurries was extracted from the dielectric spectra. The ε(h) of the 10 vol% slurry showed abnormal size independence in the range from 100 nm to 700 nm, and the ε(h) of the 30 vol% slurry exhibited good agreement with the previous prediction. Through analysing quantitatively the response of ε(h) to the changing permittivity of the powders under different solids loading, it was found that the ε h of the slurry with lower solids loading is more inclined to be interfered by the systematic and random errors. Furthermore, a high permittivity value was found in the BaTiO₃ powders with 50 nm particle size.

Detection of cow milk adulteration in yak milk by ELISA.

PubMed

Ren, Q R; Zhang, H; Guo, H Y; Jiang, L; Tian, M; Ren, F Z

2014-10-01

In the current study, a simple, sensitive, and specific ELISA assay using a high-affinity anti-bovine β-casein monoclonal antibody was developed for the rapid detection of cow milk in adulterated yak milk. The developed ELISA was highly specific and could be applied to detect bovine β-casein (10-8,000 μg/mL) and cow milk (1:1,300 to 1:2 dilution) in yak milk. Cross-reactivity was <1% when tested against yak milk. The linear range of adulterant concentration was 1 to 80% (vol/vol) and the minimum detection limit was 1% (vol/vol) cow milk in yak milk. Different treatments, including heating, acidification, and rennet addition, did not interfere with the assay. Moreover, the results were highly reproducible (coefficient of variation <10%) and we detected no significant differences between known and estimated values. Therefore, this assay is appropriate for the routine analysis of yak milk adulterated with cow milk. Copyright © 2014 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effects of metal binder on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2O3-based micro-nanocomposite ceramic tool material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ni, Xiu-ying; Zhao, Jun; Sun, Jia-lin; Gong, Feng; Li, Zuo-li

2017-07-01

The Al2O3-(W,Ti)C composites with Ni and Mo additions varying from 0vol% to 12vol% were prepared via hot pressing sintering under 30 MPa. The microstructure was investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Mechanical properties such as flexural strength, fracture toughness, and Vickers hardness were also measured. Results show that the main phases A12O3 and (W,Ti)C were detected by XRD. Compound MoNi also existed in sintered nanocomposites. The fracture modes of the nanocomposites were both intergranular and transgranular fractures. The plastic deformation of metal particles and crack bridging were the main toughening mechanisms. The maximum flexural strength and fracture toughness were obtained for 9vol% and 12vol% additions of Ni and Mo, respectively. The hardness of the composites reduced gradually with increasing content of metals Ni and Mo.

Effects of oxygen content on the oxidation process of Si-containing steel during anisothermal heating

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yuan, Qing; Xu, Guang; Liang, Wei-cheng; He, Bei; Zhou, Ming-xing

2018-02-01

The oxidizing behavior of Si-containing steel was investigated in an O2 and N2 binary-component gas with oxygen contents ranging between 0.5vol% and 4.0vol% under anisothermal-oxidation conditions. A simultaneous thermal analyzer was employed to simulate the heating process of Si-containing steel in industrial reheating furnaces. The oxidation gas mixtures were introduced from the commencement of heating. The results show that the oxidizing rate remains constant in the isothermal holding process at high temperatures; therefore, the mass change versus time presents a linear law. A linear relation also exists between the oxidizing rate and the oxygen content. Using the linear regression equation, the oxidation rate at different oxygen contents can be predicted. In addition, the relationship between the total mass gain and the oxygen content is linear; thus, the total mass gain at oxygen contents between 0.5vol%-4.0vol% can be determined. These results enrich the theoretical studies of the oxidation process in Si-containing steels.

Effect of Minor Titanium Addition on Copper/Diamond Composites Prepared by Hot Forging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Fei; Sun, Wei; Singh, Ajit; Bolzoni, Leandro

2018-03-01

Copper/diamond composites have great potential to lead the next generation of advanced heat sink materials for use in high-power electronic devices and high-density integrated circuits because of their potential excellent properties of high thermal conductivity and close thermal expansion to the chip materials (e.g., Si, InP, GaAs). However, the poor wettability between copper and diamond presents a challenge for synthesizing copper/diamond composites with effective metallurgical bonding and satisfied thermal performance. In this article, copper/diamond composites were successfully prepared by hot forging of elemental copper and artificial diamond powders with small amounts (0 vol.%, 3 vol.% and 5 vol.%) of titanium additives. Microstructure observation and mechanical tests showed that adding minor titanium additions in the copper/diamond composite resulted in fewer cracks in the composites' microstructure and significantly improved the bonding between the copper and diamond. The strongest bonding strength was achieved for the copper/diamond composite with 3 vol.% titanium addition, and the possible reasons were discussed.

[Effects of Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia on expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 in hypercholesterolemic rats].

PubMed

Si, Xiao-yun; Jia, Ru-han; Huang, Cong-xin; Ding, Guo-hua; Liu, Hong-yan

2003-09-01

To evaluate the effect of Valeriana officinalis var latifolia(VOL) on expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in hypercholesterolemic rats and study its possible mechanisms. Dietary-induced hypercholesterolemia was induced in male Wistar rats by given 4% cholesterol and 1% cholic acid diet for 16 weeks. Changes of serum lipid, urinary albumin, renal function and Mesangial matrix index were assessed. Moreover, immunohistochemical stain for TGF-beta 1 and type IV collagen were performed. VOL could reduce the serum levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, urinary albumin and serum creatinine. Light microscopy and immunohistochemical stain revealed that in the same time of lowing serum lipid, Mesangial matrix index was significantly reduced, accompanied by decreased expression of TGF-beta 1 and type IV collagen. VOL has the protective effect on lipid-induced nephropathy, and the inhibition of TGF-beta 1 expression might be the mechanism of VOL on renal protection.

Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Microwave Sintered Cu50Ti50 Amorphous Alloy Reinforced Al Metal Matrix Composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reddy, M. Penchal; Ubaid, F.; Shakoor, R. A.; Mohamed, A. M. A.

2018-06-01

In the present work, Al metal matrix composites reinforced with Cu-based (Cu50Ti50) amorphous alloy particles synthesized by ball milling followed by a microwave sintering process were studied. The amorphous powders of Cu50Ti50 produced by ball milling were used to reinforce the aluminum matrix. They were examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microhardness and compression testing. The analysis of XRD patterns of the samples containing 5 vol.%, 10 vol.% and 15 vol.% Cu50Ti50 indicates the presence of Al and Cu50Ti50 peaks. SEM images of the sintered composites show the uniform distribution of reinforced particles within the matrix. Mechanical properties of the composites were found to increase with an increasing volume fraction of Cu50Ti50 reinforcement particles. The hardness and compressive strength were enhanced to 89 Hv and 449 MPa, respectively, for the Al-15 vol.% Cu50Ti50 composites.

Porcelain monolayers and porcelain/alumina bilayers reinforced by Al2O3/GdAlO3 fibers.

PubMed

Sgura, Ricardo; Medeiros, Igor Studart; Cesar, Paulo Francisco; Campos, Adeliani Almeida; Hernandes, Antonio Carlos

2012-01-01

This work tested the effect of the addition of Al(2)O(3)/GdAlO(3) longitudinal fibers in different contents to veneering porcelain of two dental all ceramic systems. Fibers (0.5 mm diameter) obtained by the Laser Heated Pedestal Growth (LHPG) method were added to bar-shaped specimens made by veneer porcelain (monolayers) or both the veneer and the core ceramic (bilayers) of two all-ceramic systems: In-Ceram Alumina-glass infiltrated alumina composite (GIA) and In-Ceram 2000 AL Cubes-alumina polycrystal (AP) (VITA Zahnfabrik). The longitudinal fibers were added to veneering porcelain (VM7) in two different proportions: 10 or 17 vol%. The bars were divided into nine experimental conditions (n=10) according to material used: VM7 porcelain monolayers, VM7/GIA, VM7/AP; and according to the amount of fibers within the porcelain layer: no fibers, 10 vol% or 17 vol%. After grinding and polishing the specimens were submitted to a three point bending test (crosshead speed = 0.5 mm/min) with porcelain positioned at tensile side. Data were analyzed by means of one-way ANOVA and a Tukey's test (α=5%). Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was conducted for fractographic analysis. Regarding the groups without fiber addition, VM7/AP showed the highest flexural strength (MPa), followed by VM7/GIA and VM7 monolayers. The addition of fibers led to a numerical increase in flexural strength for all groups. For VM7/GIA bilayers the addition of 17 vol% of fibers resulted in a significant 48% increase in the flexural strength compared to the control group. Fractographic analysis revealed that the crack initiation site was in porcelain at the tensile surface. Cracks also propagated between fibers before heading for the alumina core. The addition of 17 vol% of Al(2)O(3)/GdAlO(3) longitudinal fibers to porcelain/glass infiltrated alumina bilayers significantly improved its flexural strength. 10 vol% or 17 vol% of fibers inclusion increased the flexural strength for all groups. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The grout/glass performance assessment code system (GPACS) with verification and benchmarking

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Piepho, M.G.; Sutherland, W.H.; Rittmann, P.D.

1994-12-01

GPACS is a computer code system for calculating water flow (unsaturated or saturated), solute transport, and human doses due to the slow release of contaminants from a waste form (in particular grout or glass) through an engineered system and through a vadose zone to an aquifer, well and river. This dual-purpose document is intended to serve as a user`s guide and verification/benchmark document for the Grout/Glass Performance Assessment Code system (GPACS). GPACS can be used for low-level-waste (LLW) Glass Performance Assessment and many other applications including other low-level-waste performance assessments and risk assessments. Based on all the cses presented, GPACSmore » is adequate (verified) for calculating water flow and contaminant transport in unsaturated-zone sediments and for calculating human doses via the groundwater pathway.« less

PACAF A-10s, HH-60s fly first air contingent missions in Philippines > U.S.

Science.gov Websites

the CMSAF The Book Speeches Archive Former AF Top 3 Viewpoints and Speeches Air Force Warrior Games Games Portraits in Courage Portraits In Courage Vol. I Portraits In Courage Vol. II Portraits In Courage

Human Infrastructure & Human Activity Detection

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-07-01

Personnel Detection Using Seismic Sensors”, Proc. of SPIE, Vol. 5090, 2003, pp. 162-173. [3] J. M. Cathcart , “Phenomenological investigations into...personnel signatures,” Proc. of the SPIE, Vol. 5796, pp. 428-434, May 2005. [4] B. Mauro & J. M. Cathcart , “Analysis of visible band sensors for

A Bibliography on the Chemical Weathering of Granitic Rocks

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-01

of granite by salt action: from field to laboratory. Universitat Amsterdam FysischGeografischBoden Kwndig Laboratorium , vol. 16, pp. 67-80. Laforge, L...E. 1963. Biologische Ursachen der Wistenlackbildung. Zeitschrift fur Geornorphologie, vol. 7, pp. 112-119. Scott, G. A. J. and Street, J. M. 1976

Photocopy from Evan Leigh's Modern Cotton Spinning (Vol 1), Manchester, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy from Evan Leigh's Modern Cotton Spinning (Vol 1), Manchester, 1873 (PL XX); illustration used by eminent British textile engineer to exemplify the ultimate development in American cotton mill technology. - Harmony Manufacturing Company, Mill Number 3, 100 North Mohawk Street, Cohoes, Albany County, NY

9. First floor plan,published in 'Architectural Record',Vol 31,No. 4, April ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

9. First floor plan,published in 'Architectural Record',Vol 31,No. 4, April 1912,p 356,courtesy of the Art Institute of Chicago,permission to duplicate courtesy of'Architectural Record' - Chicago City Hall, 121 North LaSalle Street, Chicago, Cook County, IL

10. Fifth floor plan,published in 'Architectural Record',Vol 31,No. 4, April ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. Fifth floor plan,published in 'Architectural Record',Vol 31,No. 4, April 1912,p. 356 (?),courtesy of Art Institute of Chicago, permission to duplicate courtesy of 'Architectural Record' - Chicago City Hall, 121 North LaSalle Street, Chicago, Cook County, IL

77 FR 44069 - Grider Drug #1 & Grider Drug #2; Decision and Order

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-26

... Vol. 77 Thursday, No. 144 July 26, 2012 Part VI Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration Grider Drug 1 & Grider Drug 2; Decision and Order; Notice #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 77 , No. 144 / Thursday, July 26, 2012 / Notices#0;#0; [[Page 44070

Monaural Speech Segregation by Integrating Primitive and Schema-Based Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-02-03

vol. 19, pp. 475-492. Wang D.L. and Chang P.S. (2008): An oscillatory correlation model of auditory streaming. Cognitive Neurodynamics , vol. 2, pp...Subcontracts DeLiang Wang (Principal Investigator) March 2008 Department of Computer Science & Engineering and Center for Cognitive Science The

Overview of Lockheed Martin cryocoolers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nast, T.; Olson, J.; Champagne, P.; Evtimov, B.; Frank, D.; Roth, E.; Renna, T.

2006-02-01

Lockheed Martin's Advanced Technology Center (LM-ATC) in Palo Alto, California, has been active in space cryogenic developments for over 30 years. In prior years, work focused on stored cryogen systems for temperatures up to 125 K. As the mechanical cryocoolers matured and demonstrated reliable operation these stored cryogen systems gradually became replaced. LM-ATC is currently developing solid hydrogen systems for temperatures below 7 K [Naes L, Wu S, Cannon J. WISE solid hydrogen cryostat design overview. In: Proceedings of SPIE, cryogenic optical systems and instruments XI, vol. 5904, August, 2005], but these coolers will soon be replaced by mechanical cryocoolers. This paper will present a summary of cryocooler developments at LM-ATC and will describe the recent performance of multiple stage systems. A four-stage pulse tube cryocooler developed under contract to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) has been recently developed and operated at 3.8 K [Olson JR, Moore M, Champagne P, Roth E, Evtimov B, Jensen J, et al. Development of a space-type-4-stage pulse tube cryocooler for very low temperatures, Adv Cryogen Engr, vol. 50, Amer Inst of Physics, New York, in press]. Coolers with one, two and three stages have also been widely developed [Nast TC et al. Miniature pulse tube cryocooler for space applications. Cryocoolers, vol. 11. New York: Plenum Press; 2000. p. 145-54; Olson J et al. Development of a 10 K pulse tube cryocooler for space applications. In: Ross R, editor. Cryocoolers, vol. 12. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2003. p. 241-6; Nast TC et al. Lockheed Martin two-stage pulse tube cryocooler for GIFTS. Cryocoolers, vol. 13. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2005; Frank D et al. Lockheed Martin RAMOS engineering model cryocooler. Cryocoolers, vol. 13. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2005]. A staging approach is required to achieve very low temperatures, and also provides cooling at warmer temperatures, which is invariably beneficial in reducing heat loads to the lower temperature stages, or for cooling other system components. For example, our two-stage cooler [Nast TC et al. Lockheed Martin two-stage pulse tube cryocooler for GIFTS. Cryocoolers, vol. 13. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2005; Frank D et al. Lockheed Martin RAMOS engineering model cryocooler. Cryocoolers, vol. 13. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2005] is used to cool a low-temperature focal plane as well as a higher temperature optical sensor, using a single compressor and electronics at a substantial benefit in weight, reliability and cost.

Waterberg coal characteristics and SO2 minimum emissions standards in South African power plants.

PubMed

Makgato, Stanford S; Chirwa, Evans M Nkhalambayausi

2017-10-01

Key characteristics of coal samples from the supply stock to the newly commissioned South African National Power Utility's (Eskom's) Medupi Power Station - which receives its supply coal from the Waterberg coalfield in Lephalale (Limpopo Province, South Africa) - were evaluated. Conventional coal characterisation such as proximate and ultimate analysis as well as determination of sulphur forms in coal samples were carried out following the ASTM and ISO standards. Coal was classified as medium sulphur coal when the sulphur content was detected in the range 1.15-1.49 wt.% with pyritic sulphur (≥0.51 wt.%) and organic sulphur (≥0.49 wt.%) accounted for the bulk of the total sulphur in coal. Maceral analyses of coal showed that vitrinite was the dominant maceral (up to 51.8 vol.%), whereas inertinite, liptinite, reactive semifusinite and visible minerals occurred in proportions of 22.6 vol.%, 2.9 vol.%, 5.3 vol.% and 17.5 vol.%, respectively. Theoretical calculations were developed and used to predict the resultant SO 2 emissions from the combustion of the Waterberg coal in a typical power plant. The sulphur content requirements to comply with the minimum emissions standards of 3500 mg/Nm 3 and 500 mg/Nm 3 were found to be ≤1.37 wt.% and ≤0.20 wt.%, respectively. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Inhibitory effects of antiseptic mouthrinses on Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis and Lactobacillus acidophilus.

PubMed

Evans, A; Leishman, S J; Walsh, L J; Seow, W K

2015-06-01

Oral antiseptics are valuable in controlling oral infections caused by cariogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mouthrinses and pure antiseptic compounds on Streptococcus mutans and non-mutans bacteria (Streptococcus sanguinis and Lactobacillus acidophilus). The agar diffusion assay was employed to determine bacterial growth inhibition. Commercial mouthrinses containing chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2%), cetylpyridinium chloride (0.05%) and sodium fluoride (0.05%) produced statistically similar growth inhibition of S. mutans, S. sanguinis and L. acidophilus (with zones of inhibition ranging from 7.56 ± 0.52 mm to 7.39 ± 0.53 mm, 17.44 ± 0.94 mm to 18.31 ± 0.62 mm and 8.61 ± 1.43 to 8.67 ± 1.43 mm respectively, p > 0.05). The chlorhexidine mouthwash produced the greatest mean growth inhibition of S. sanguinis and S. mutans compared to all other mouthrinses tested (p < 0.01). The minimum concentrations at which inhibition against S. mutans could be detected were chlorhexidine gluconate at 0.005% (wt/vol), cetylpyridinium chloride 0.01% (wt/ vol), povidone iodine 10% (wt/vol) and sodium hypochlorite 0.5% (vol/vol). Chlorhexidine (0.01%), cetylpyridinium chloride (0.01%), povidone iodine (10%) and sodium hypochlorite (0.5%) are effective at inhibiting the growth of S. mutans, S. sanguinis and L. acidophilus. © 2015 Australian Dental Association.

Impact of higher alcohols blended in gasoline on light-duty vehicle exhaust emissions.

PubMed

Ratcliff, Matthew A; Luecke, Jon; Williams, Aaron; Christensen, Earl; Yanowitz, Janet; Reek, Aaron; McCormick, Robert L

2013-12-03

Certification gasoline was splash blended with alcohols to produce four blends: ethanol (16 vol%), n-butanol (17 vol%), i-butanol (21 vol%), and an i-butanol (12 vol%)/ethanol (7 vol%) mixture; these fuels were tested in a 2009 Honda Odyssey (a Tier 2 Bin 5 vehicle) over triplicate LA92 cycles. Emissions of oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, non-methane organic gases (NMOG), unburned alcohols, carbonyls, and C1-C8 hydrocarbons (particularly 1,3-butadiene and benzene) were determined. Large, statistically significant fuel effects on regulated emissions were a 29% reduction in CO from E16 and a 60% increase in formaldehyde emissions from i-butanol, compared to certification gasoline. Ethanol produced the highest unburned alcohol emissions of 1.38 mg/mile ethanol, while butanols produced much lower unburned alcohol emissions (0.17 mg/mile n-butanol, and 0.30 mg/mile i-butanol); these reductions were offset by higher emissions of carbonyls. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and butyraldehyde were the most significant carbonyls from the n-butanol blend, while formaldehyde, acetone, and 2-methylpropanal were the most significant from the i-butanol blend. The 12% i-butanol/7% ethanol blend was designed to produce no increase in gasoline vapor pressure. This fuel's exhaust emissions contained the lowest total oxygenates among the alcohol blends and the lowest NMOG of all fuels tested.

The Model Intercomparison Project on the Climatic Response to Volcanic Forcing (VolMIP): Experimental Design and Forcing Input Data for CMIP6

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zanchettin, Davide; Khodri, Myriam; Timmreck, Claudia; Toohey, Matthew; Schmidt, Anja; Gerber, Edwin P.; Hegerl, Gabriele; Robock, Alan; Pausata, Francesco; Ball, William T.;

The effects of electromyography-controlled functional electrical stimulation on upper extremity function and cortical perfusion in stroke patients.

PubMed

Hara, Yukihiro; Obayashi, Shigeru; Tsujiuchi, Kazuhito; Muraoka, Yoshihiro

2013-10-01

The relation was investigated between hemiparetic arm function improvement and brain cortical perfusion (BCP) change during voluntary muscle contraction (VOL), EMG-controlled FES (EMG-FES) and simple electrical muscle stimulation (ES) before and after EMG-FES therapy in chronic stroke patients. Sixteen chronic stroke patients with moderate residual hemiparesis underwent 5 months of task-orientated EMG-FES therapy of the paretic arm once or twice a week. Before and after treatment, arm function was clinically evaluated and BCP during VOL, ES and EMG-FES were assessed using multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy. BCP in the ipsilesional sensory-motor cortex (SMC) was greater during EMG-FES than during VOL or ES; therefore, EMG-FES caused a shift in the dominant BCP from the contralesional to ipsilesional SMC. After EMG-FES therapy, arm function improved in most patients, with some individual variability, and there was significant improvement in Fugl-Meyer (FM) score and maximal grip strength (GS). Clinical improvement was accompanied by an increase in ipsilesional SMC activation during VOL and EMG-FES condition. The EMG-FES may have more influence on ipsilesional BCP than VOL or ES alone. The sensory motor integration during EMG-FES therapy might facilitate BCP of the ipsilesional SMC and result in functional improvement of hemiparetic upper extremity. Copyright © 2013 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sensor Selection from Independence Graphs using Submodularity

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-02-01

Krause , B. McMahan, Guestrin C., and Gupta A., “Robust sub- modular observation selection,” Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR), vol. 9, pp. 2761...235–257. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1983. [10] A. Krause , “SFO: A toolbox for submodular function optimization,” J. Mach. Learn. Res., vol. 11, pp

76 FR 75421 - Managing Government Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-01

... Vol. 76 Thursday, No. 231 December 1, 2011 Part III The President Memorandum of November 28, 2011--Managing Government Records #0; #0; #0; Presidential Documents #0; #0; #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 231 / Thursday, December 1, 2011 / Presidential Documents#0;#0; #0; #0;Title 3-- #0;The President [[Page 75423

Communication Dependent Control of Multi-Vehicle Formations

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-11

On Maximizing the Second Smallest Eigen- value of a State-Dependent Graph Laplacian,” IEEE Transactions on Au- tomatic Control, vol. 51, no. 1, pp...Collective Motion With Limited Communication,” IEEE Transactions on Au- tomatic Control, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 706–719, 2008. [Online]. Available: http

78 FR 44867 - Captive Nations Week, 2013

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-24

... Vol. 78 Wednesday, No. 142 July 24, 2013 Part VI The President Proclamation 8998--Captive Nations Week, 2013 #0; #0; #0; Presidential Documents #0; #0; #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 78 , No. 142 / Wednesday, July 24, 2013 / Presidential Documents#0;#0; #0; #0;Title 3-- #0;The President [[Page 44869...

Shuttle mission simulator. Volume 2: Requirement report, volume 2, revision C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Burke, J. F.

1973-01-01

The requirements for space shuttle simulation which are discussed include: general requirements, program management, system engineering, design and development, crew stations, on-board computers, and systems integration. For Vol. 1, revision A see N73-22203, for Vol 2, revision A see N73-22204.

Inhibition of Methanogenesis in Marine Sediments by Acetylene and Ethylene: Validity of the Acetylene Reduction Assay for Anaerobic Microcosms

PubMed Central

Oremland, Ronald S.; Taylor, Barrie F.

1975-01-01

Methanogenesis was irreversibly inhibited in sediments by concentrations of acetylene employed in nitrogen fixation assays (1 to 20%, vol/vol). Ethylene, but not ethane, also stopped methane production, and the inhibition was reversed by gassing with hydrogen. PMID:1190767

Periscopic Spine Surgery

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-06-01

and H. Seraji , “Kinematic analysis of 7 DOF manipulators,” Int. Journal of Robotics Research, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 469–481, 1992. [9] D. Lawrence...Force/torque Sensor Read joint Angle Forward kinematics Impedance controller Patient Fe Fs ix∆ Xd Xc diθ ciθ riθ P&O Proc. of SPIE Vol

CIRF Publications, Vol. 12, No. 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Labour Office, Geneva (Switzerland).

CIRF Publications, Vol. 12, No. 5 is a collection of 80 abstracts giving particular attention to education, training, and economic growth in developing countries, Iran, Japan, Kenya, the Solomon Islands, and Sri Lanka; vocational rehabilitation in Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the U. S. A.; agriculture in Chad, developing countries, and…

Relative Motion Modeling and Autonomous Navigation Accuracy

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-11-15

Dynamical Astronomy , Vol. 91, No. 3-4, 2005, pp. 239–268. [9] B. Mahajan, S. R. Vadali, and K. T. Alfriend, “Analytic Solution for Satellite...and Dynamical Astronomy , Vol. 9, April 1974, pp. 239–267. [14] D. Vallado, Fundamentals of Astrodynamics and Applications, New York, NY: McGraw- Hill

Grounding, Bonding, Shielding, and Lightning Bibliography 1972 to 1979

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-02-01

Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME -22, no. 1, 3anuary 1975, pp. 62-65. Several basic facts about the effects of steel conduits in a.c. power...34 Institution of Engineers, Australia, Electrical Engineering Transactions, (Australia), vol. EE- 14, no. 2, 1978, pp. 73-77. Statistics on Australian

Cancer Prevention and Control Research Manpower Development

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-10-01

Acute Epstein-Barr Viral Mononucleosis . Annals of Allergy, Vol. 54, Number 4, 1985. 10. Shacks, S.J. and Johnson, C.S.: Serum Concentration of Total...production in sickle cell disease patients with acute pneumonia, Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 4: 340-344, 1996. PHS 398 (Rev. 5

77 FR 77247 - Reestablishment of Advisory Commission

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2012-12-31

... Vol. 77 Monday, No. 250 December 31, 2012 Part IV The President Executive Order 13634--Reestablishment of Advisory Commission #0; #0; #0; Presidential Documents #0; #0; #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 77 , No. 250 / Monday, December 31, 2012 / Presidential Documents#0;#0; #0; #0;Title 3-- #0;The President [[Page 77249

Bibliography of Scientific Publications 1977-1991.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-06-01

A.R., " Nasal Adenocarcinoma in a Taiwan Macaque." Veterinary Pathology, Vol. 14., pp. 294-296, 1977. Brown, RJ., Kessler, MJ., and Kupper, J.L...34Myocardial Fibrosarcoma in Rhesus Monkey." Laboratory Animal Science, Vol. 27, pp. 524-525, 1977. Carney, W.P., Brown, RJ., Van Peenen, P.F.D., Purnomo

Analysis of Vietnamization: Summary and Evaluation

DTIC Science & Technology

1973-11-01

Ellsberg, Daniel . Some Lessons from Failure in Vietnam, P-4036. Santa Monica: The RAND Corp., July 1969. Fulbright, J. William (ed.). The Vietnam...34 Chira and North Vietnam: Two Revolutionary Paths, " Part I, Current Scene, Vol. IX, No. II (Nov 7, 1971), Part II, Current Scene. Vol. IX, No. IZ (Doc 7

76 FR 70631 - World Freedom Day, 2011

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-14

... Vol. 76 Monday, No. 219 November 14, 2011 Part III The President Proclamation 8752--World Freedom Day, 2011 #0; #0; #0; Presidential Documents #0; #0; #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 219 / Monday, November 14, 2011 / Presidential Documents#0;#0; #0; #0;Title 3-- #0;The President [[Page 70633

Ensuring Successful Personnel Management in the Department of Homeland Security

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-01-01

of Public- Private Sector Wages Allowing for Endogenous Choices of Both Government and Union Status,” Journal of Labor Economics , Vol. 6, 1988...Differential in the United States,” Journal of Labor Economics , Vol. 8, No. 2, 1990. Rosenthal, Douglas, Margaret Barton, Douglas Reynolds, and Beverly Dugan

Novel Topic Impact on Authorship Attribution

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-01

sentences on a printed page. The work of Wilhelm Fucks in [7] attributed authorship based on the frequency distribution over word syllables. The most...Unitarian Review, vol. 30, pp. 452–460, 1888. [7] W. Fucks , "On Mathematical Analysis of Style," Biometrika, vol. 39, pp. 122–129, 1952. [8

Responses to Comments

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-04-01

34, New Phytology ., Vol. 79, pp 95-106. Davis, R. D., and P. H. T. Beckett. 1978. "Upper Critical Levels of Toxic Elements in Plants. II. Critical...Levels of Copper in Young Barley, Wheat, Rape, Lettuce, and Ryegrass, and of Nickel and Zinc in Young Barley and Ryegrass", New Phytology , Vol. 80, pp 23

Speaking with a Commonality Language: A Lexicon for System and Component Development

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

Abdullahil Azeem, “Impact of Commonality and Flexibility on Manufacturing Performance: A Simulation Study,” International Journal of Production Economics , Vols...Cycle Costs of Products,” International Journal of Production Economics , Vols. 60–61, April 1999, pp. 109–116. Robertson, David, and Karl Ulrich

GMES Sentinel-1 Analysis of Marine Applications Potential (AMAP)

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-10-01

Synthetic Aperture Radar (EUSAR 2008), 2 to 5 June 2008, Friedrichshafen, Germany. Vol. 1, 179-182. VDE Verlag, Berlin, ISBN 978-3-8007-3084-1...European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (EUSAR 2008), on CD-ROM. 2 to 5 June 2008, Friedrichshafen, Germany. Vol. 2, 257-260. VDE Verlag

32 CFR 725.11 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... Travel for active duty members summoned as witnesses is governed by Joint Travel Regulations, Vol. I, Chap. 7, pt. E. and Navy Travel Instructions, Chap. 6, pt. E. 13 Travel for civilian personnel summoned as witnesses is governed by the Joint Travel Regulations, Vol. II, Chap. 4, pt. E. 14 13 See footnote...

Assumption-Based Planning; A Planning Tool for Very Uncertain Times

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

Ansoff , Igor H,, "Conceptual Underpinnings of Systematic Strategic Management," European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 1, 1985, pp. 2-19...2Ansoff, Igor fI., *Conceptual Underpinnings of Systematic Strategic Management," European Journal ofOperational Resarch, Vol. 1, 1995, pp. 2-19. 72

Collaborative Research: Calibration for IMS Stations in Eastern Asia

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-07-01

Atomnaya Energia , Vol.87, Issue 3, 1989 (in Russian). 142 BondAr, I. Combining 1-D models for regional calibration, in Proceedings of a Workshop on IMS...Zelentsov and V.N. Mikhailov, Characteristics of 96 underground nuclear explosions at the Semipalatinsk Test Site, Atomaya Energia , (in Russian), Vol. 67

An Architecture for a Problem-Solving Assessment Authoring and Delivery System

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

know it works? In J. Willis (Series Ed.) & W. F. Heinecke & L. Blasi (Vol. Eds.), Research methods for educational technology: Vol. 1. Methods of...use of formal assessment in the classroom. In W. Hawley (Ed.) (with D. L. Rollie), The keys to effective schools: Educational reform as continuous

1. Photocopied December 1977, from original in 'Report of J.B.J.,'Vol. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. Photocopied December 1977, from original in 'Report of J.B.J.,'Vol. I, Jervis Library. ELEVATION OF SING SING KILL BRIDGE, SHOWING ORIGINAL PLAN FOR AN 80-FOOT ARCH. - Old Croton Aqueduct, Sing Sing Kill Bridge, Spanning Aqueduct Street & Broadway, Ossining, Westchester County, NY

Processing, properties, and application of textured 0.72lead(magnesium niobate)-0.28lead titanate ceramics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brosnan, Kristen H.

In this study, XRD and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques were used to characterize the fiber texture in oriented PMN-28PT and the intensity data were fit with a texture model (the March-Dollase equation) that describes the texture in terms of texture fraction (f), and the width of the orientation distribution (r). EBSD analysis confirmed the <001> orientation of the microstructure, with no distinguishable randomly oriented, fine grain matrix. Although XRD rocking curve and EBSD data analysis gave similar f and r values, XRD rocking curve analysis was the most efficient and gave a complete description of texture fraction and texture orientation (f = 0.81 and r = 0.21, respectively). XRD rocking curve analysis was the preferred approach for characterization of the texture volume and the orientation distribution of texture in fiber-oriented PMN-PT. The dielectric, piezoelectric and electromechanical properties for random ceramic, 69 vol% textured, 81 vol% textured, and single crystal PMN-28PT were fully characterized and compared. The room temperature dielectric constant at 1 kHz for highly textured PMN-28PT was epsilonr ≥ 3600 with low dielectric loss (tan delta = 0.004). The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant for 81 vol% textured ceramic followed a similar trend as the single crystal PMN-28PT up to the rhombohedral to tetragonal transition temperature (TRT) at 104°C. 81 vol% textured PMN-28PT consistently displayed 60 to 65% of the single crystal PMN-28PT piezoelectric coefficient (d33) and 1.5 to 3.0 times greater than the random ceramic d33 (measured by Berlincourt meter, unipolar strain-field curves, IEEE standard resonance method, and laser vibrometry). The 81 vol% textured PMN-28PT displayed similarly low piezoelectric hysteresis as single crystal PMN-28PT measured by strain-field curves at 5 kV/cm. 81 vol% textured PMN-28PT and single crystal PMN-28PT displayed similar mechanical quality factors of QM = 74 and 76, respectively. The electromechanical coupling (k 33) of 81 vol% textured PMN-28PT (k33 = 0.79) was a significant fraction of single crystal (k33 = 0.91) and was higher than a commercial PMN-PT ceramic (k33 ˜ 0.74). The nonlinearity of the dielectric and piezoelectric response were investigated in textured ceramics and single crystal PMN-28PT using the Rayleigh approach. The reversible piezoelectric coefficient was found to increase significantly and the hysteretic contribution to the piezoelectric coefficient decreased significantly with an increase in texture volume. This indicates that increasing the texture volume decreases the non-180° domain wall contribution to the piezoelectric response in PMN-28PT. Finally, 81 vol% textured ceramics were also integrated into a Navy SONAR transducer design. In-water characterization of the transducers showed higher source levels, higher in-water coupling, higher acoustic intensity, and more bandwidth for the 81 vol% textured PMN-28PT tonpilz single elements compared to the ceramic PMN-28PT tonpilz element. In addition, an 81 vol% textured PMN-28PT tonpilz element showed large scale linearity in sound pressure levels as a function of drive level under high drive conditions (up to 2.33 kV/cm). The maximum electromechanical coupling obtained by the 81 vol% textured PMN-28PT transducer under high drive conditions was keff = 0.69. However, the resonance frequency shifted significantly during high drive tests (Deltafs = -19% at 3.7 kV/cm), evidence of a "soft" characteristic of the 81 vol% textured PMN-28PT, possibly caused by Sr2+ from the template particles. The results suggest there are limitations on the preload compressive stress (and thus drive level) for these textured ceramics, but this could be addressed with compositional modifications. The dielectric, piezoelectric and electromechanical properties have been significantly improved in textured PMN-PT ceramics of this study. Furthermore, scale-up in processing for incorporation into devices of highly textured ceramics with reproducible texture (and hence narrow properties distribution) was achieved in these materials. SONAR applications could benefit from textured ceramic parts because of their ease of processing, compositional homogeneity and potentially lower cost. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Development of a Computerised Method of Determining Aircraft Maintenance Intervals.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-01

Reliability. Vol.17. 1978. pp461-464. 23. , and Shunji Osaki. "Optimum Preventive Maintenance Policies for a 2-Unit Redundant System." IEEE...Transactions on Reliability. Vol.R-23. No.2. June 1974. pp86-91. 24. _ _, and Shunji Osaki. "A Summary of Optimum Preventive Maintenance Policies for a Two-Unit

The Identification of Rock Types in an Arid Region by Air Photo Patterns.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-01

Mountain, Texas. AAPG Bull. vol. 44. pp. 1785-1792. Harbour, R. L. 1972. ;eologv, 01the northern Franklin 11ountains. Texas and Neiv Mehxico. usGs Buill...Lloyd C. 1953. Upper Ordovician and Silurian Stratigraphy of Sacramento Mountains, Otero County. New Alexico. AAPG Bull. vol. 37, pp. 1894-1918. Pray

The Theory of Packet Broadcasting

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-01-01

34 IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. CCM-22, No. 5, May 1974, pp. 688-692. [27] FRANK, 1H., R.M. VAN SLYKE and I. GITMAN : "Packet Radio Network...423. [37] GITMAN , I.: "On the Capacity of Slotted ALOHA Networks and Some Design Problems," IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. COM-23, No. 3

Trust-Based Cooperative Games and Control Strategies for Autonomous Military Convoys

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-01

52] S. Goering, "Postnatal Reproductive Autonomy: Promoting Relational Autonomy and Self-Trust in New Parents," Bioethics , vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 9-19...Systems," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 215-233, January 2007. [105] O. O’Neill, Autonomy and Trust in Bioethics . Cambridge: Cambridge

76 FR 74621 - Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-30

... Vol. 76 Wednesday, No. 230 November 30, 2011 Part IV The President Executive Order 13591--Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees #0; #0; #0; Presidential Documents #0; #0; #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 230 / Wednesday, November 30, 2011 / Presidential Documents#0;#0; #0; #0;Title 3-- #0;The President [[Page 74623

H. David Politzer, Asymptotic Freedom, and Strong Interaction

Science.gov Websites

Possible Non-Regge Behavior of Electroproduction Structure Functions; Physical Review D, Vol. 10, Issue 5 ; 1974 Heavy Quarks and Long-lived Hadrons; Physical Review D, Vol. 12, Issue 5; 1975 Experimental take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site. Website Policies/Important

Advertising Strategies: Corporate and Product-Specific

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-04-01

Journal of Advertising Research , Vol...34 Industrial Marketing, (July 1980): pp. 64-74. 13. Patti, Charles H. and Vincent Blasko. "Budgeting Practices Of Big Advertisers," Journal of Advertising Research , Vol...21, No. 6 (December 1981): pp. 23-29. 14. Permut, Steven E. "How European Managers Set Advertising Budgets," Journal of Advertising Research ,

Military Personnel Policy Regarding Advancement Requirements

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

8217 Contracts." Journal of Labor Economics , vol. 6, no. 4 (October 1988), pp. 423- I 444. [2] Waldman, Michael. "Up-or-Out Contracts: A Signaling Perspective...34 Journal of Labor Economics , vol. 8, no. 2 (April 1990), pp. 230-250. [3] Lazear, Edward. "Why Is There Mandatory Retirement?" Journal of Political

Freedom Isn’t Free: A Study of Compulsory Military Service in the United States Army

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-01

May 2004): 130, 1p. EBSCOhost , 13006472. Evolution of U.S. military manpower procurement. 1971. Congressional Digest, Vol. 50, Issue 5 (May 71): 131...151-157, 4p . Korb, Lawrence J. 2004. Should Congress approve legislation reinstating the military draft? Pro. Congressional Digest, Vol. 83, Issue 5

Implementing a Strategically-Focused Science and Technology Program for Missile Defense

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-07-01

Development Practices: Updating Trends and Benchmarking Best Practices,” Journal of Product Innovation Management , Vol 14, 1997, pp. 429–458. V-18...Development,” Journal of Product Innovation Management , Vol. 15, 1998, pp. 57–74. V-32 situation. Thus, each stage-gate process must be customized to meet the

Summary of Research 1998, Department of Meteorology.

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-08-01

Marine Education, Vol. 15, No. 3, p. 28,1998. Murphree, X, "Hot and Cold Glasses: Activities on the Global Water Cycle ," Current: The Journal of...Marine Education, Vol. 15, No. 3, p. 28,1998. Murphree, T, "Hot and Cold Glasses: Activities on the Global Water Cycle ," Current: The Journal of Marine

State-of-the-Art Review on Composite Material Fatigue/Damage Tolerance.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-12-01

Automobile Structures," Plastic Rubber Material Application, Vol. 3, No. 2, May 1978. 148. Nguyen, D.T., Arora, J.S., and Belegundu, A.D., "Design...Vanthier, D., " Kunststoff -Verstaerkung MIT Kevlar 49," [Reinforcing Plastics With "Kevlar" 49], Plastverarbeiter, Vol. 31, No. 9, September 1980. 232

Estimating Performance of Single Bus, Shared Memory Multiprocessors

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-05-01

Chandy78] K.M. Chandy, C.M. Sauer, "Approximate methods for analyzing queuing network models of computing systems," Computing Surveys, vol10 , no 3...Denning78] P. Denning, J. Buzen, "The operational analysis of queueing network models", Computing Sur- veys, vol10 , no 3, September 1978, pp 225-261

Residual Stresses in Ground Steels.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-06-13

stress near the surface can be lower. The level of residual stress is also strongly affected by carbon,’3 which influences the microplastic behaviour of...1966, Vol. 14, 99-104. 14. C. 3. )4cMahon: “ Microplastic Behaviour in Iron” in Mv. in Mater . S d . Res., Vol. 2, 121-140, Interscience, New York

Sample-Starved Large Scale Network Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-05

As reported in our journal publication (G. Marjanovic and A. O. Hero, ”l0 Sparse Inverse Covariance Estimation,” IEEE Trans on Signal Processing, vol... Marjanovic and A. O. Hero, ”l0 Sparse Inverse Covariance Estimation,” in IEEE Trans on Signal Processing, vol. 63, no. 12, pp. 3218-3231, May 2015. 6. G

Aircraft Alerting Systems Criteria Study. Volume II. Human Factors Guidelines for Aircraft Alerting Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-05-01

Effect of Mixing Flashing and Steady Irrelevant Lights, Ergonomics, Vol. 6 (3), 1963, pp. 27-294. Creelman , C. D., Detection of Signals of Uncertain...Frequency, Acoustical Sok. America-J, Vol. 32 (7), July 1960, pp. 805-10. Creelman , C. D., Detection, Discrimination, and Loudness of Short Tones

SolTrace Publications | Concentrating Solar Power | NREL

Science.gov Websites

: International Solar Energy Conference, 15-18 March 2003, Kohala Coast, Hawaii. New York: American Society of ;General Ray-Tracing Procedure," Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 52, June, pp. 672-678 Brightness Profiles," Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Vol. 124, May, pp. 198-204. Steele, C.R