46 CFR 42.11-20 - Application for annual survey.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Application for annual survey. 42.11-20 Section 42.11-20... BY SEA Applications for Load Line Assignments, Surveys, and Certificates § 42.11-20 Application for annual survey. (a) The owner, master, or agent of a vessel holding a load line certificate shall apply to...

46 CFR 42.11-20 - Application for annual survey.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Application for annual survey. 42.11-20 Section 42.11-20... BY SEA Applications for Load Line Assignments, Surveys, and Certificates § 42.11-20 Application for annual survey. (a) The owner, master, or agent of a vessel holding a load line certificate shall apply to...

46 CFR 42.11-20 - Application for annual survey.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Application for annual survey. 42.11-20 Section 42.11-20... BY SEA Applications for Load Line Assignments, Surveys, and Certificates § 42.11-20 Application for annual survey. (a) The owner, master, or agent of a vessel holding a load line certificate shall apply to...

46 CFR 42.11-20 - Application for annual survey.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Application for annual survey. 42.11-20 Section 42.11-20... BY SEA Applications for Load Line Assignments, Surveys, and Certificates § 42.11-20 Application for annual survey. (a) The owner, master, or agent of a vessel holding a load line certificate shall apply to...

46 CFR 42.11-20 - Application for annual survey.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application for annual survey. 42.11-20 Section 42.11-20... BY SEA Applications for Load Line Assignments, Surveys, and Certificates § 42.11-20 Application for annual survey. (a) The owner, master, or agent of a vessel holding a load line certificate shall apply to...

46 CFR 42.20-3 - Freeboard assignment: Type “A” vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Freeboard assignment: Type âAâ vessels. 42.20-3 Section 42.20-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA Freeboards § 42.20-3 Freeboard assignment: Type “A” vessels. (a) A Type “A” vessel...

46 CFR 45.109 - Strength of superstructures and deckhouses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Strength of superstructures and deckhouses. 45.109... LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.109 Strength of superstructures and deckhouses. Each... approved assigning authority with regard to general strength and weathertightness. The Commandant may use...

46 CFR 45.109 - Strength of superstructures and deckhouses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Strength of superstructures and deckhouses. 45.109... LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.109 Strength of superstructures and deckhouses. Each... approved assigning authority with regard to general strength and weathertightness. The Commandant may use...

46 CFR 45.39 - Marking.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... the diamond as described in figure 2. (d) The salt water load lines must be horizontal lines extending.... (a) The diamond, lines, and letters must be painted in white or yellow on a dark ground or in black... that passes through the center of the diamond must indicate summer freeboard assigned under § 45.53. (c...

46 CFR 42.20-5 - Freeboard assignment: Type “B” vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Freeboard assignment: Type âBâ vessels. 42.20-5 Section 42.20-5 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES DOMESTIC AND...) and (d) as if it were a Type “A” vessel. [CGD 79-153, 48 FR 38647, Aug. 25, 1983, as amended by CGD 76...

46 CFR 42.20-5 - Freeboard assignment: Type “B” vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Freeboard assignment: Type âBâ vessels. 42.20-5 Section 42.20-5 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES DOMESTIC AND...) and (d) as if it were a Type “A” vessel. [CGD 79-153, 48 FR 38647, Aug. 25, 1983, as amended by CGD 76...

46 CFR 44.01-5 - Administration; special service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... unless another society has been specifically approved by the Commandant as a load line assigning authority. In the latter case application shall be made to the society so approved. Applications shall state...

46 CFR 44.01-5 - Administration; special service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... unless another society has been specifically approved by the Commandant as a load line assigning authority. In the latter case application shall be made to the society so approved. Applications shall state...

46 CFR 42.09-5 - All vessels-division into types.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... BY SEA Load Line Assignments and Surveys-General Requirements § 42.09-5 All vessels—division into... a Type “B” vessel. (b) A Type “A” vessel is a vessel that— (1) Is designed to carry only liquid...

46 CFR 42.09-5 - All vessels-division into types.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... BY SEA Load Line Assignments and Surveys-General Requirements § 42.09-5 All vessels—division into... a Type “B” vessel. (b) A Type “A” vessel is a vessel that— (1) Is designed to carry only liquid...

46 CFR 42.13-5 - Strength of vessel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... information to the Commandant. (b) Vessels built and maintained in conformity with the requirements of a classification society recognized by the Commandant are considered to possess adequate strength for the purpose... General Rules for Determining Load Lines § 42.13-5 Strength of vessel. (a) The assigning and issuing...

46 CFR 44.320 - Submission of plans and calculations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Submission of plans and calculations. 44.320 Section 44.320 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SPECIAL SERVICE LIMITED DOMESTIC VOYAGES Rules for Assigning Working Freeboards to Hopper Dredges § 44.320 Submission of...

46 CFR 44.320 - Submission of plans and calculations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Submission of plans and calculations. 44.320 Section 44.320 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SPECIAL SERVICE LIMITED DOMESTIC VOYAGES Rules for Assigning Working Freeboards to Hopper Dredges § 44.320 Submission of...

46 CFR 45.105 - Information supplied to the master.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Information supplied to the master. 45.105 Section 45... LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.105 Information supplied to the master. Unless otherwise authorized... information. (a) To enable the master to load and ballast the vessel in a manner that avoids unacceptable...

46 CFR 45.105 - Information supplied to the master.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Information supplied to the master. 45.105 Section 45... LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.105 Information supplied to the master. Unless otherwise authorized... information. (a) To enable the master to load and ballast the vessel in a manner that avoids unacceptable...

46 CFR 45.105 - Information supplied to the master.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Information supplied to the master. 45.105 Section 45... LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.105 Information supplied to the master. Unless otherwise authorized... information. (a) To enable the master to load and ballast the vessel in a manner that avoids unacceptable...

46 CFR 45.105 - Information supplied to the master.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Information supplied to the master. 45.105 Section 45... LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.105 Information supplied to the master. Unless otherwise authorized... information. (a) To enable the master to load and ballast the vessel in a manner that avoids unacceptable...

46 CFR 45.105 - Information supplied to the master.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Information supplied to the master. 45.105 Section 45... LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.105 Information supplied to the master. Unless otherwise authorized... information. (a) To enable the master to load and ballast the vessel in a manner that avoids unacceptable...

46 CFR 45.121 - Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings... GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.121 Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side... substantially continuous hatchway side coamings between detached superstructures, the minimum area of the...

46 CFR 45.121 - Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings... GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.121 Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side... substantially continuous hatchway side coamings between detached superstructures, the minimum area of the...

46 CFR 45.121 - Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings... GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.121 Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side... substantially continuous hatchway side coamings between detached superstructures, the minimum area of the...

46 CFR 45.121 - Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings... GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.121 Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side... substantially continuous hatchway side coamings between detached superstructures, the minimum area of the...

46 CFR 45.121 - Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side coamings... GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.121 Freeing port area: Changes for trunks and side... substantially continuous hatchway side coamings between detached superstructures, the minimum area of the...

46 CFR 45.111 - Strength of bulkheads at ends of superstructures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Strength of bulkheads at ends of superstructures. 45.111... LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.111 Strength of bulkheads at ends of superstructures. Bulkheads at ends of enclosed superstructures must have sufficient strength to withstand impact of boarding...

46 CFR 42.13-5 - Strength of vessel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Strength of vessel. 42.13-5 Section 42.13-5 Shipping... General Rules for Determining Load Lines § 42.13-5 Strength of vessel. (a) The assigning and issuing authority shall satisfy itself that the general structural strength of the vessel is sufficient for the...

46 CFR 45.111 - Strength of bulkheads at ends of superstructures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Strength of bulkheads at ends of superstructures. 45.111... LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.111 Strength of bulkheads at ends of superstructures. Bulkheads at ends of enclosed superstructures must have sufficient strength to withstand impact of boarding...

46 CFR 69.153 - Application of other laws.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Application of other laws. 69.153 Section 69.153... MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS Dual Measurement System § 69.153 Application of other laws. (a) If a vessel is assigned... inspection, manning, and load line laws and regulations to the vessel. (b) Tonnage marks are not to be...

46 CFR 69.153 - Application of other laws.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Application of other laws. 69.153 Section 69.153... MEASUREMENT OF VESSELS Dual Measurement System § 69.153 Application of other laws. (a) If a vessel is assigned... inspection, manning, and load line laws and regulations to the vessel. (b) Tonnage marks are not to be...

46 CFR 42.09-5 - All vessels-division into types.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false All vessels-division into types. 42.09-5 Section 42.09-5... BY SEA Load Line Assignments and Surveys-General Requirements § 42.09-5 All vessels—division into types. (a) For the purposes of this part, each vessel to which this part applies is either a Type “A” or...

Consensus Assignments for Water Vapor Lines Not Assigned on the HITRAN Database: 13,200 to 16,500/cm

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giver, Lawerence P.; Chackerian, Charles, Jr.; Freedman, Richard S.; Varanasi, Prasad; Gore, Warren (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

There are nearly 800 water Vapor-lines in the 13,200-16,500/cm region that do not have rovibrational assignments in the HITRAN database. The positions and intensities in the database were determined by Mandin et al., but assignments could not be determined at that time. Polyansky, et al. have now assigned over 600 of the unassigned lines in the 11,200-16,500/cm region. Schwenke has also given rovibrational assignments to many of these unassigned lines throughout the visible and near-infrared. Both articles changed the assignments of some HITRAN lines. Carleer et al. extend assignments to some weaker lines measured by them on new spectra with excellent signal/noise. However, some lines measured by Mandin et al. were omitted by Carleer, et al. because of blends due to lower spectral resolution. The rovibrational assignments of Polyansky et al. completely agree with those in Schwenke's article for only about 200 lines. However, Schwenke's ab initio line list is available on his internet site (http://ccf.arc.nasa.gov/-dschwenke). A detailed comparison of the Polyansky et al.line list, the Carleer et al.line list, and Schwenke's ab initio line list shows a larger number of agreements. In many cases the disagreement is only about the vibrational and/or rotational upper level, while there is agreement on the lower state assignment and energy level, "E", which is of primary importance for atmospheric applications. We will present a line list of "consensus" assignments in the 13,200-16,500/cm region for consideration of inclusion on the HITRAN and GEISA databases. This will substantially reduce the number of unassigned lines on the databases in this spectral region.

Genetic selection to increase bone strength affects prevalence of keel bone damage and egg parameters in commercially housed laying hens.

PubMed

Stratmann, A; Fröhlich, E K F; Gebhardt-Henrich, S G; Harlander-Matauschek, A; Würbel, H; Toscano, M J

2016-05-01

The prevalence of keel bone damage as well as external egg parameters of 2 pure lines divergently selected for high (H) and low (L) bone strength were investigated in 2 aviary systems under commercial conditions. A standard LSL hybrid was used as a reference group. Birds were kept mixed per genetic line (77 hens of the H and L line and 201 or 206 hens of the LSL line, respectively, per pen) in 8 pens of 2 aviary systems differing in design. Keel bone status and body mass of 20 focal hens per line and pen were assessed at 17, 18, 23, 30, 36, 43, 52, and 63 wk of age. External egg parameters (i.e., egg mass, eggshell breaking strength, thickness, and mass) were measured using 10 eggs per line at both 38 and 57 wk of age. Body parameters (i.e. tarsus and third primary wing feather length to calculate index of wing loading) were recorded at 38 wk of age and mortality per genetic line throughout the laying cycle. Bone mineral density (BMD) of 15 keel bones per genetic line was measured after slaughter to confirm assignment of the experimental lines. We found a greater BMD in the H compared with the L and LSL lines. Fewer keel bone fractures and deviations, a poorer external egg quality, as well as a lower index of wing loading were found in the H compared with the L line. Mortality was lower and production parameters (e.g., laying performance) were higher in the LSL line compared with the 2 experimental lines. Aviary design affected prevalence of keel bone damage, body mass, and mortality. We conclude that selection of specific bone traits associated with bone strength as well as the related differences in body morphology (i.e., lower index of wing loading) have potential to reduce keel bone damage in commercial settings. Also, the housing environment (i.e., aviary design) may have additive effects. © 2016 Poultry Science Association Inc.

46 CFR 42.13-30 - Lines to be used with the load line mark.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...) The following load lines shall be used: (1) The summer load line indicated by the upper edge of the... T. (5) The fresh water load line in summer indicated by the upper edge of a line marked F. The fresh water load line in summer is marked abaft the vertical line. The difference between the fresh water load...

46 CFR 42.13-30 - Lines to be used with the load line mark.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) The following load lines shall be used: (1) The summer load line indicated by the upper edge of the... T. (5) The fresh water load line in summer indicated by the upper edge of a line marked F. The fresh water load line in summer is marked abaft the vertical line. The difference between the fresh water load...

46 CFR 45.35 - Seasonal load lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Seasonal load lines. 45.35 Section 45.35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Load Line Marks § 45.35 Seasonal load lines. Each vessel must have the summer (S), midsummer (MS), intermediate (I...

46 CFR 45.35 - Seasonal load lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Seasonal load lines. 45.35 Section 45.35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Load Line Marks § 45.35 Seasonal load lines. Each vessel must have the summer (S), midsummer (MS), intermediate (I...

46 CFR 42.13-30 - Lines to be used with the load line mark.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) The following load lines shall be used: (1) The summer load line indicated by the upper edge of the... indicated by the upper edge of a line marked W. (3) The winter North Atlantic load line indicated by the upper edge of a line marked WNA. (4) The tropical load line indicated by the upper edge of a line marked...

Voltage scheduling for low power/energy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manzak, Ali

2001-07-01

Power considerations have become an increasingly dominant factor in the design of both portable and desk-top systems. An effective way to reduce power consumption is to lower the supply voltage since voltage is quadratically related to power. This dissertation considers the problem of lowering the supply voltage at (i) the system level and at (ii) the behavioral level. At the system level, the voltage of the variable voltage processor is dynamically changed with the work load. Processors with limited sized buffers as well as those with very large buffers are considered. Given the task arrival times, deadline times, execution times, periods and switching activities, task scheduling algorithms that minimize energy or peak power are developed for the processors equipped with very large buffers. A relation between the operating voltages of the tasks for minimum energy/power is determined using the Lagrange multiplier method, and an iterative algorithm that utilizes this relation is developed. Experimental results show that the voltage assignment obtained by the proposed algorithm is very close (0.1% error) to that of the optimal energy assignment and the optimal peak power (1% error) assignment. Next, on-line and off-fine minimum energy task scheduling algorithms are developed for processors with limited sized buffers. These algorithms have polynomial time complexity and present optimal (off-line) and close-to-optimal (on-line) solutions. A procedure to calculate the minimum buffer size given information about the size of the task (maximum, minimum), execution time (best case, worst case) and deadlines is also presented. At the behavioral level, resources operating at multiple voltages are used to minimize power while maintaining the throughput. Such a scheme has the advantage of allowing modules on the critical paths to be assigned to the highest voltage levels (thus meeting the required timing constraints) while allowing modules on non-critical paths to be assigned to lower voltage levels (thus reducing the power consumption). A polynomial time resource and latency constrained scheduling algorithm is developed to distribute the available slack among the nodes such that power consumption is minimum. The algorithm is iterative and utilizes the slack based on the Lagrange multiplier method.

Adhesives: Test Method, Group Assignment, and Categorization Guide for High-Loading Rate Applications - History and Rationale

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-04-20

Categorization Guide for High -Loading- Rate Applications – History and Rationale by Robert Jensen, David Flanagan, Daniel DeSchepper, and Charles...Adhesives: Test Method, Group Assignment, and Categorization Guide for High -Loading- Rate Applications – History and Rationale by Robert Jensen...Categorization Guide for High - Loading-Rate Applications – History and Rationale 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6

Dental responsibility loadings and the relative value of dental services.

PubMed

Teusner, D N; Ju, X; Brennan, D S

2017-09-01

To estimate responsibility loadings for a comprehensive list of dental services, providing a standardized unit of clinical work effort. Dentists (n = 2500) randomly sampled from the Australian Dental Association membership (2011) were randomly assigned to one of 25 panels. Panels were surveyed by questionnaires eliciting responsibility loadings for eight common dental services (core items) and approximately 12 other items unique to that questionnaire. In total, loadings were elicited for 299 items listed in the Australian Dental Schedule 9th Edition. Data were weighted to reflect the age and sex distribution of the workforce. To assess reliability, regression models assessed differences in core item loadings by panel assignment. Estimated loadings were described by reporting the median and mean. Response rate was 37%. Panel composition did not vary by practitioner characteristics. Core item loadings did not vary by panel assignment. Oral surgery and endodontic service areas had the highest proportion (91%) of services with median loadings ≥1.5, followed by prosthodontics (78%), periodontics (76%), orthodontics (63%), restorative (62%) and diagnostic services (31%). Preventive services had median loadings ≤1.25. Dental responsibility loadings estimated by this study can be applied in the development of relative value scales. © 2017 Australian Dental Association.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rice, C. Keith; Shen, Bo; Shrestha, Som S.

This report describes an analysis to investigate representative heating loads for single-family detached homes using current EnergyPlus simulations (DOE 2014a). Hourly delivered load results are used to determine binned load lines using US Department of Energy (DOE) residential prototype building models (DOE 2014b) developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The selected residential single-family prototype buildings are based on the 2006 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC 2006) in the DOE climate regions. The resulting load lines are compared with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Standard 210/240 (AHRI 2008) minimum and maximum design heating requirementmore » (DHR) load lines of the heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF) ratings procedure for each region. The results indicate that a heating load line closer to the maximum DHR load line, and with a lower zero load ambient temperature, is more representative of heating loads predicted for EnergyPlus prototype residential buildings than the minimum DHR load line presently used to determine HSPF ratings. An alternative heating load line equation was developed and compared to binned load lines obtained from the EnergyPlus simulation results. The effect on HSPF of the alternative heating load line was evaluated for single-speed and two-capacity heat pumps, and an average HSPF reduction of 16% was found. The alternative heating load line relationship is tied to the rated cooling capacity of the heat pump based on EnergyPlus autosizing, which is more representative of the house load characteristics than the rated heating capacity. The alternative heating load line equation was found to be independent of climate for the six DOE climate regions investigated, provided an adjustable zero load ambient temperature is used. For Region IV, the default DOE climate region used for HSPF ratings, the higher load line results in an ~28% increase in delivered heating load and an ~52% increase in the estimated heating operating cost over that given in the AHRI directory (AHRI 2014).« less

46 CFR 46.10-45 - Nonsubmergence subdivision load lines in salt water.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Nonsubmergence subdivision load lines in salt water. 46.10-45 Section 46.10-45 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-45 Nonsubmergence subdivision load lines in salt water. (a) Passenger vessels...

46 CFR 42.07-1 - Load lines required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Load lines required. 42.07-1 Section 42.07-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA... line marks (see § 42.03-30). (b) For vessels marked with international load lines and navigating the...

46 CFR 42.07-1 - Load lines required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Load lines required. 42.07-1 Section 42.07-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA... line marks (see § 42.03-30). (b) For vessels marked with international load lines and navigating the...

46 CFR 42.07-1 - Load lines required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Load lines required. 42.07-1 Section 42.07-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA... line marks (see § 42.03-30). (b) For vessels marked with international load lines and navigating the...

46 CFR 42.07-1 - Load lines required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Load lines required. 42.07-1 Section 42.07-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA... line marks (see § 42.03-30). (b) For vessels marked with international load lines and navigating the...

46 CFR 42.07-1 - Load lines required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Load lines required. 42.07-1 Section 42.07-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA... line marks (see § 42.03-30). (b) For vessels marked with international load lines and navigating the...

Using a Global Climate Model in an On-line Climate Change Course

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Randle, D. E.; Chandler, M. A.; Sohl, L. E.

2012-12-01

Seminars on Science: Climate Change is an on-line, graduate-level teacher professional development course offered by the American Museum of Natural History. It is an intensive 6-week course covering a broad range of global climate topics, from the fundamentals of the climate system, to the causes of climate change, the role of paleoclimate investigations, and a discussion of potential consequences and risks. The instructional method blends essays, videos, textbooks, and linked websites, with required participation in electronic discussion forums that are moderated by an experienced educator and a course scientist. Most weeks include additional assignments. Three of these assignments employ computer models, including two weeks spent working with a full-fledged 3D global climate model (GCM). The global climate modeling environment is supplied through a partnership with Columbia University's Educational Global Climate Modeling Project (EdGCM). The objective is to have participants gain hands-on experience with one of the most important, yet misunderstood, aspects of climate change research. Participants in the course are supplied with a USB drive that includes installers for the software and sample data. The EdGCM software includes a version of NASA's global climate model fitted with a graphical user interface and pre-loaded with several climate change simulations. Step-by-step assignments and video tutorials help walk people through these challenging exercises and the course incorporates a special assignment discussion forum to help with technical problems and questions about the NASA GCM. There are several takeaways from our first year and a half of offering this course, which has become one of the most popular out of the twelve courses offered by the Museum. Participants report a high level of satisfaction in using EdGCM. Some report frustration at the initial steps, but overwhelmingly claim that the assignments are worth the effort. Many of the difficulties that arise are due to a lack of computer literacy amongst participants and we have found, through iterative improvements in the materials, that breaking assignments into discrete, well-supported tasks has been key to the success.

46 CFR 42.50-15 - Coastwise load line certificates for U.S.-flag vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA Load Line Certificates-Model Forms § 42.50-15 Coastwise load... sides of Form C1 certificate in paragraph (c) of this section except for the identification of model... the identification of model form, description of the “Freeboard from deck line,” the “Load Line,” and...

46 CFR 42.50-15 - Coastwise load line certificates for U.S.-flag vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA Load Line Certificates-Model Forms § 42.50-15 Coastwise load... sides of Form C1 certificate in paragraph (c) of this section except for the identification of model... the identification of model form, description of the “Freeboard from deck line,” the “Load Line,” and...

46 CFR 42.50-15 - Coastwise load line certificates for U.S.-flag vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA Load Line Certificates-Model Forms § 42.50-15 Coastwise load... sides of Form C1 certificate in paragraph (c) of this section except for the identification of model... the identification of model form, description of the “Freeboard from deck line,” the “Load Line,” and...

46 CFR 42.50-15 - Coastwise load line certificates for U.S.-flag vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... LINES DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN VOYAGES BY SEA Load Line Certificates-Model Forms § 42.50-15 Coastwise load... sides of Form C1 certificate in paragraph (c) of this section except for the identification of model... the identification of model form, description of the “Freeboard from deck line,” the “Load Line,” and...

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 45 - Load Line Certificate Form

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Midsummer MS Summer S Intermediate I Winter W load line above S Upper edge of line through center of diamond... so endorsed. notes (1) In accordance with the Great Lakes Load Line Regulations the diamond and lines...

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 45 - Load Line Certificate Form

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Midsummer MS Summer S Intermediate I Winter W load line above S Upper edge of line through center of diamond... so endorsed. notes (1) In accordance with the Great Lakes Load Line Regulations the diamond and lines...

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 45 - Load Line Certificate Form

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Midsummer MS Summer S Intermediate I Winter W load line above S Upper edge of line through center of diamond... so endorsed. notes (1) In accordance with the Great Lakes Load Line Regulations the diamond and lines...

Optimal manpower allocation in aircraft line maintenance (Case in GMF AeroAsia)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Puteri, V. E.; Yuniaristanto, Hisjam, M.

2017-11-01

This paper presents a mathematical modeling to find the optimal manpower allocation in an aircraft line maintenance. This research focuses on assigning the number and type of manpower that allocated to each service. This study considers the licenced worker or Aircraft Maintenance Engineer Licence (AMEL) and non licenced worker or Aircraft Maintenance Technician (AMT). In this paper, we also consider the relationship of each station in terms of the possibility to transfer the manpower among them. The optimization model considers the number of manpowers needed for each service and the requirement of AMEL worker. This paper aims to determine the optimal manpower allocation using the mathematical modeling. The objective function of the model is to find the minimum employee expenses. The model was solved using the ILOG CPLEX software. The results show that the manpower allocation can meet the manpower need and the all load can be served.

46 CFR 46.15-10 - Subdivision load lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 and a “diamond” shall be substituted for the “disk”. No “fresh water” line will be marked. [CGFR... located in line with the highest subdivision load line. (f) One fresh water line shall be marked. When a subdivision and a normal load line are combined, the normal fresh water line only shall be used unless the...

46 CFR 45.183 - Load line requirements for the St. Joseph and Muskegon routes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Load line requirements for the St. Joseph and Muskegon... requirements for the St. Joseph and Muskegon routes. (a) Load line certificate. (1) The load line issued under... certificate is valid for the St. Joseph and Muskegon routes, and intermediate ports. However, operators must...

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 45 - Load Line Certificate Form

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Midsummer MS Summer S Intermediate I Winter W load line above S Upper edge of line through center of diamond below S below S Increase for salt water for all freeboards __ inches. The upper edge of the deck line... so endorsed. notes (1) In accordance with the Great Lakes Load Line Regulations the diamond and lines...

Comparison of volume, security, and biomechanical strength of square and Aberdeen termination knots tied with 4-0 polyglyconate and used for termination of intradermal closures in canine cadavers.

PubMed

Regier, Penny J; Smeak, Daniel D; Coleman, Kristin; McGilvray, Kirk C

2015-08-01

To compare volumes of square knots and Aberdeen knots in vitro and evaluate security of these knot types when used as buried terminal knots for continuous intradermal wound closures in canine cadavers. Experimental study. 24 surgically closed, full-thickness, 4-cm, epidermal wounds in 4 canine cadavers and 80 knots tied in vitro. Continuous intradermal closures were performed with 4-0 polyglyconate and completed with a buried knot technique. Surgeon (intern or experienced surgeon) and termination knot type (4-throw square knot or 2 + 1 Aberdeen knot; 12 each) were randomly assigned. Closed wounds were excised, and a servohydraulic machine applied tensile load perpendicular to the long axis of the suture line. A load-displacement curve was generated for each sample; maximum load, displacement, stiffness, and mode of construct failure were recorded. Volumes of 2 + 1 Aberdeen (n = 40) and 4-throw square knots (40) tied on a suture board were measured on the basis of a cylindrical model. Aberdeen knots had a mean smaller volume (0.00045 mm(3)) than did square knots (0.003838 mm(3)). Maximum load and displacement did not differ between construct types. Mean stiffness of Aberdeen knot constructs was greater than that of square knots. The 2 + 1 Aberdeen knot had a smaller volume than the 4-throw square knot and was as secure. Although both knots may be reliably used in a clinical setting as the termination knot at the end of a continuous intradermal line, the authors advocate use of the Aberdeen terminal knot on the basis of ease of burying the smaller knot.

46 CFR 45.11 - Issue of load line certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Issue of load line certificate. 45.11 Section 45.11... § 45.11 Issue of load line certificate. (a) A vessel 79 feet in length and more, and 150 gross tons or... issue of a load line certificate under this part by the Commandant or his authorized representative. (c...

Does Ferrule Effect Affect Implant-Abutment Stability?

PubMed

Mohajerfar, Maryam; Beyabanaki, Elaheh; Geramy, Allahyar; Siadat, Hakimeh; Alikhasi, Marzieh

2016-12-01

This study investigated the influence of placing implant-supported crowns on the torque loss of the abutment screw before and after loading. Twenty implant-abutment assemblies were randomly assigned to two groups. The first group was consisted of abutments with abutment-level finishing line (abutment-level), and in the second group the crown margin was placed on the implant shoulder (implant-level). Initial torque loss was recorded for all specimens. After 500000 cyclic load of 75 N and frequency of 2 Hz, post loading torque loss was recorded. Finite element model of each group was also modeled and screw energy, and stress were analyzed and compared between two groups. ANOVA for repeated measurements showed that the torque loss did not change significantly after cyclic loading (P=0.73). Crown margin also had no significant effect on the torque loss (P=0.56). However, the energy and stress of screw in abutment-level model (4.49 mJ and 22.74 MPa) was higher than implant-level model (3.52 mJ and 20.81 MPa). Although embracing the implant with crown produced less stress and energy in the abutment-implant screw, it did not have any significant influence on the torque loss of the screw. Copyright© 2016 Dennis Barber Ltd

Lopinavir plus nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, lopinavir plus raltegravir, or lopinavir monotherapy for second-line treatment of HIV (EARNEST): 144-week follow-up results from a randomised controlled trial.

PubMed

Hakim, James G; Thompson, Jennifer; Kityo, Cissy; Hoppe, Anne; Kambugu, Andrew; van Oosterhout, Joep J; Lugemwa, Abbas; Siika, Abraham; Mwebaze, Raymond; Mweemba, Aggrey; Abongomera, George; Thomason, Margaret J; Easterbrook, Philippa; Mugyenyi, Peter; Walker, A Sarah; Paton, Nicholas I

2018-01-01

Millions of HIV-infected people worldwide receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) in programmes using WHO-recommended standardised regimens. Recent WHO guidelines recommend a boosted protease inhibitor plus raltegravir as an alternative second-line combination. We assessed whether this treatment option offers any advantage over the standard protease inhibitor plus two nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) second-line combination after 144 weeks of follow-up in typical programme settings. We analysed the 144-week outcomes at the completion of the EARNEST trial, a randomised controlled trial done in HIV-infected adults or adolescents in 14 sites in five sub-Saharan African countries (Uganda, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Kenya, Zambia). Participants were those who were no longer responding to non-NRTI-based first-line ART, as assessed with WHO criteria, confirmed by viral-load testing. Participants were randomly assigned to receive a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (lopinavir 400 mg with ritonavir 100 mg, twice per day) plus two or three clinician-selected NRTIs (protease inhibitor plus NRTI group), protease inhibitor plus raltegravir (400 mg twice per day; protease inhibitor plus raltegravir group), or protease inhibitor monotherapy (plus raltegravir induction for first 12 weeks, re-intensified to combination therapy after week 96; protease inhibitor monotherapy group). Randomisation was by computer-generated randomisation sequence, with variable block size. The primary outcome was viral load of less than 400 copies per mL at week 144, for which we assessed non-inferiority with a one-sided α of 0·025, and superiority with a two-sided α of 0·025. The EARNEST trial is registered with ISRCTN, number 37737787. Between April 12, 2010, and April 29, 2011, 1837 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 1277 patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group. In the primary (complete-case) analysis at 144 weeks, 317 (86%) of 367 in the protease inhibitor plus NRTI group had viral loads of less than 400 copies per mL compared with 312 (81%) of 383 in the protease inhibitor plus raltegravir group (p=0·07; lower 95% confidence limit for difference 10·2% vs specified non-inferiority margin 10%). In the protease inhibitor monotherapy group, 292 (78%) of 375 had viral loads of less than 400 copies per mL; p=0·003 versus the protease inhibitor plus NRTI group at 144 weeks. There was no difference between groups in serious adverse events, grade 3 or 4 adverse events (total or ART-related), or events that resulted in treatment modification. Protease inhibitor plus raltegravir offered no advantage over protease inhibitor plus NRTI in virological efficacy or safety. In the primary analysis, protease inhibitor plus raltegravir did not meet non-inferiority criteria. A regimen of protease inhibitor with NRTIs remains the best standardised second-line regimen for use in programmes in resource-limited settings. European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP), UK Medical Research Council, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Irish Aid, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Instituto Superiore di Sanita, Merck, ViiV Healthcare, WHO. Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

An experimental water line list at 1950 K in the 6250-6670 cm-1 region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rutkowski, Lucile; Foltynowicz, Aleksandra; Schmidt, Florian M.; Johansson, Alexandra C.; Khodabakhsh, Amir; Kyuberis, Aleksandra A.; Zobov, Nikolai F.; Polyansky, Oleg L.; Yurchenko, Sergei N.; Tennyson, Jonathan

2018-01-01

An absorption spectrum of H216O at 1950 K is recorded in a premixed methane/air flat flame using a cavity-enhanced optical frequency comb-based Fourier transform spectrometer. 2417 absorption lines are identified in the 6250-6670 cm-1 region with an accuracy of about 0.01 cm-1. Absolute line intensities are retrieved using temperature and concentration values obtained by tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. Line assignments are made using a combination of empirically known energy levels and predictions from the new POKAZATEL variational line list. 2030 of the observed lines are assigned to 2937 transitions, once blends are taken into account. 126 new energy levels of H216O are identified. The assigned transitions belong to 136 bands and span rotational states up to J = 27 .

CE dual-homing protection in layer 1 VPN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Du, Shu; Peng, Yunfeng; Long, Keping

2008-11-01

Layer 1 VPN (L1VPN) extends the notion of VPN to the optical domain to provide virtually dedicated circuit like leased lines, so that the security is more enhanced. Despite their secure gains from channel isolation, VPNs still suffer fragilities resulting from link-failures or node-failures. Extensive activities on survivability designs for wavelength-routed optical networks are proposed, including various protection and restoration schemes, but concerns on network edge are rare. Dual-homing is an effective skill to achieve survivability gains for L1VPNs. There are two dual-homing mode: Active/Standby mode and Load-Sharing mode In this paper, we investigate the problem of PE assignment, which is the key of dual-homing design and is NP-hard. We formulate it as an integer programming problem, and propose heuristic solutions. Simulation results show that the proposed solutions work in a correct and effective way and the Load-Sharing mode has higher bandwidth efficiency than Active/Standby mode.

77 FR 12909 - Eastern Maine Railway Company-Assignment of Trackage Rights Exemption-Montreal, Maine & Atlantic...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-02

.... (MMA) has agreed to assign its overhead trackage rights to the Eastern Maine Railway Company (EMR) over... from MMA and to operate 28.75 miles of rail line. MMA, the former owner of the Line, proposed to... operator.\\3\\ In anticipation of MNRC service, MMA acquired trackage rights over the Line to continue to...

The Effects of a History-Based Instructional Material on the Students' Understanding of Field Lines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pocovi, M. Cecilia

2007-01-01

Many students in physics courses fail to achieve a desired conceptual change because they assign an incorrect ontology to the to-be-learned concept. This situation has been detected in previous research for the case of field lines: many college students assign material properties to the lines and describe them, for example, as tubes that contain…

46 CFR 42.50-5 - International load line certificates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Atlantic Ocean during the winter months as defined by the Load Line Regulations in 46 CFR 42.30-5 and 42.30-35. The periods during which the other seasonal load lines apply in different parts of the world are...

46 CFR 42.50-5 - International load line certificates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Atlantic Ocean during the winter months as defined by the Load Line Regulations in 46 CFR 42.30-5 and 42.30-35. The periods during which the other seasonal load lines apply in different parts of the world are...

46 CFR 42.50-5 - International load line certificates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Atlantic Ocean during the winter months as defined by the Load Line Regulations in 46 CFR 42.30-5 and 42.30-35. The periods during which the other seasonal load lines apply in different parts of the world are...

46 CFR 42.50-5 - International load line certificates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Atlantic Ocean during the winter months as defined by the Load Line Regulations in 46 CFR 42.30-5 and 42.30-35. The periods during which the other seasonal load lines apply in different parts of the world are...

77 FR 59881 - Special Load Line Exemption for the Gulf of Mexico: Petition for Rulemaking

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-01

... Line Exemption for the Gulf of Mexico: Petition for Rulemaking AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice... Mexico. The requested exemption would allow non-load line river barges to transit along the west coast of... special load line exemption on the Gulf of Mexico. All comments received will be posted, without change...

Assignment of far-infrared laser lines of O-17 methanol by synchrotron FTIR spectroscopy and laser frequency measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lees, R. M.; Jackson, M.; Moruzzi, G.; Predoi-Cross, Adriana; Billinghurst, B. E.

2015-09-01

Analysis of synchrotron FTIR spectra has revealed new assignments for a number of optically pumped far-infrared laser lines from the CH317OH isotopologue of methanol, with definitive confirmation provided by recent accurate measurements of the laser frequencies. In this Note the lasing energy level systems are discussed, and the spectroscopic evidence for the assignments is presented.

A near infrared line list for NH3: Analysis of a Kitt Peak spectrum after 35 years

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barton, Emma J.; Yurchenko, Sergei N.; Tennyson, Jonathan; Béguier, Serge; Campargue, Alain

2016-07-01

A Fourier Transform (FT) absorption spectrum of room temperature NH3 in the region 7400-8640 cm-1 is analysed using a variational line list and ground state energies determined using the MARVEL procedure. The spectrum was measured by Dr. Catherine de Bergh in 1980 and is available from the Kitt Peak data center. The centers and intensities of 8468 ammonia lines were retrieved using a multiline fitting procedure. 2474 lines are assigned to 21 bands providing 1692 experimental energies in the range 7500-9200 cm-1. The spectrum was assigned by the joint use of the BYTe variational line list and combination differences. The assignments and experimental energies presented in this work are the first for ammonia in the region 7400-8640 cm-1, considerably extending the range of known vibrational-excited states.

Comparative analysis on flexibility requirements of typical Cryogenic Transfer lines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jadon, Mohit; Kumar, Uday; Choukekar, Ketan; Shah, Nitin; Sarkar, Biswanath

2017-04-01

The cryogenic systems and their applications; primarily in large Fusion devices, utilize multiple cryogen transfer lines of various sizes and complexities to transfer cryogenic fluids from plant to the various user/ applications. These transfer lines are composed of various critical sections i.e. tee section, elbows, flexible components etc. The mechanical sustainability (under failure circumstances) of these transfer lines are primary requirement for safe operation of the system and applications. The transfer lines need to be designed for multiple design constraints conditions like line layout, support locations and space restrictions. The transfer lines are subjected to single load and multiple load combinations, such as operational loads, seismic loads, leak in insulation vacuum loads etc. [1]. The analytical calculations and flexibility analysis using professional software are performed for the typical transfer lines without any flexible component, the results were analysed for functional and mechanical load conditions. The failure modes were identified along the critical sections. The same transfer line was then refurbished with the flexible components and analysed for failure modes. The flexible components provide additional flexibility to the transfer line system and make it safe. The results obtained from the analytical calculations were compared with those obtained from the flexibility analysis software calculations. The optimization of the flexible component’s size and selection was performed and components were selected to meet the design requirements as per code.

48 CFR 204.7106 - Contract modifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 204.7106 Contract modifications. (a) If new items are added, assign new contract line or subline item... those item numbers. (2) If the contracting officer decides to assign new identifications to existing contract or exhibit line items, the following rules apply— (i) Definitized and undefinitized items. (A) The...

Global Load Balancing with Parallel Mesh Adaption on Distributed-Memory Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Biswas, Rupak; Oliker, Leonid; Sohn, Andrew

1996-01-01

Dynamic mesh adaption on unstructured grids is a powerful tool for efficiently computing unsteady problems to resolve solution features of interest. Unfortunately, this causes load imbalance among processors on a parallel machine. This paper describes the parallel implementation of a tetrahedral mesh adaption scheme and a new global load balancing method. A heuristic remapping algorithm is presented that assigns partitions to processors such that the redistribution cost is minimized. Results indicate that the parallel performance of the mesh adaption code depends on the nature of the adaption region and show a 35.5X speedup on 64 processors of an SP2 when 35% of the mesh is randomly adapted. For large-scale scientific computations, our load balancing strategy gives almost a sixfold reduction in solver execution times over non-balanced loads. Furthermore, our heuristic remapper yields processor assignments that are less than 3% off the optimal solutions but requires only 1% of the computational time.

Absolute Points for Multiple Assignment Problems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adlakha, V.; Kowalski, K.

2006-01-01

An algorithm is presented to solve multiple assignment problems in which a cost is incurred only when an assignment is made at a given cell. The proposed method recursively searches for single/group absolute points to identify cells that must be loaded in any optimal solution. Unlike other methods, the first solution is the optimal solution. The…

Automation of block assignment planning using a diagram-based scenario modeling method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hwang, In Hyuck; Kim, Youngmin; Lee, Dong Kun; Shin, Jong Gye

2014-03-01

Most shipbuilding scheduling research so far has focused on the load level on the dock plan. This is be¬cause the dock is the least extendable resource in shipyards, and its overloading is difficult to resolve. However, once dock scheduling is completed, making a plan that makes the best use of the rest of the resources in the shipyard to minimize any additional cost is also important. Block assignment planning is one of the midterm planning tasks; it assigns a block to the facility (factory/shop or surface plate) that will actually manufacture the block according to the block characteristics and current situation of the facility. It is one of the most heavily loaded midterm planning tasks and is carried out manu¬ally by experienced workers. In this study, a method of representing the block assignment rules using a diagram was su¬ggested through analysis of the existing manual process. A block allocation program was developed which automated the block assignment process according to the rules represented by the diagram. The planning scenario was validated through a case study that compared the manual assignment and two automated block assignment results.

Loads specification and embedded plate definition for the ITER cryoline system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Badgujar, S.; Benkheira, L.; Chalifour, M.; Forgeas, A.; Shah, N.; Vaghela, H.; Sarkar, B.

2015-12-01

ITER cryolines (CLs) are complex network of vacuum-insulated multi and single process pipe lines, distributed in three different areas at ITER site. The CLs will support different operating loads during the machine life-time; either considered as nominal, occasional or exceptional. The major loads, which form the design basis are inertial, pressure, temperature, assembly, magnetic, snow, wind, enforced relative displacement and are put together in loads specification. Based on the defined load combinations, conceptual estimation of reaction loads have been carried out for the lines located inside the Tokamak building. Adequate numbers of embedded plates (EPs) per line have been defined and integrated in the building design. The finalization of building EPs to support the lines, before the detailed design, is one of the major design challenges as the usual logic of the design may alter. At the ITER project level, it was important to finalize EPs to allow adequate design and timely availability of the Tokamak building. The paper describes the single loads, load combinations considered in load specification and the approach for conceptual load estimation and selection of EPs for Toroidal Field (TF) Cryoline as an example by converting the load combinations in two main load categories; pressure and seismic.

46 CFR 45.33 - Diamond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Diamond. 45.33 Section 45.33 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Load Line Marks § 45.33 Diamond. (a) Each vessel must be marked with the diamond mark described in figure 2 of § 45.35 amidships below...

46 CFR 45.33 - Diamond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Diamond. 45.33 Section 45.33 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Load Line Marks § 45.33 Diamond. (a) Each vessel must be marked with the diamond mark described in figure 2 of § 45.35 amidships below...

46 CFR 45.33 - Diamond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Diamond. 45.33 Section 45.33 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Load Line Marks § 45.33 Diamond. (a) Each vessel must be marked with the diamond mark described in figure 2 of § 45.35 amidships below...

46 CFR 45.33 - Diamond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Diamond. 45.33 Section 45.33 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Load Line Marks § 45.33 Diamond. (a) Each vessel must be marked with the diamond mark described in figure 2 of § 45.35 amidships below...

46 CFR 45.33 - Diamond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Diamond. 45.33 Section 45.33 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Load Line Marks § 45.33 Diamond. (a) Each vessel must be marked with the diamond mark described in figure 2 of § 45.35 amidships below...

The bending strength of tablets with a breaking line--Comparison of the results of an elastic and a "brittle cracking" finite element model with experimental findings.

PubMed

Podczeck, Fridrun; Newton, J Michael; Fromme, Paul

2015-11-10

The aim of this work was to ascertain the influence of the position of the breaking line of bevel-edged tablets in a three-point bending test. Two different brands of commercially available, flat-round, bevel-edged tablets with a single central breaking line were studied. Breaking line positions tested, relative to the upper loading roll, were 0°, 22.5°, 45°, 67.5° and 90°. The breaking line faced either up- or downwards during the test. The practical results were compared with FEM results simulating similar test configurations. Tablets failed mainly across the failure plane, resulting in two tablet halves. An exception to this was found for tablets where the breaking line faced down and was positioned at an angle of 22.5° relative to the loading plane. Here the crack followed the breaking line in the centre of the tablets and only diverged towards the loading plane position at the edges of the tablets. The breaking line facing upwards resulted in a significantly higher tensile strength of the tablets compared to it facing downwards. However, with one exception, the orientation of the breaking line relative to the loading plane appeared not to affect the tensile strength values. A fully elastic FEM model indicated that both the position of the breaking line relative to the loading plane and as to whether the breaking line faced up- or downwards during the bending test would result in considerably different failure loads during practical experiments. The results also suggested that regardless of the breaking line position, when it is facing down crack propagation should start at the outer edges propagating towards the midpoint of the discs until failure occurs. Failure should hence always result in equal tablet halves, whereby the failure plane should coincide with the loading plane. Neither predictions fully reflected the practical behaviour of the tablets. Using a brittle cracking FEM model significantly larger tensile stresses for tablets with the breaking line positioned downwards at 0° or 22.5° relative to the loading plane were still predicted, but the differences between model and experimental values was greatly reduced. The remaining differences are more likely due to the inadequacy of the equation available to calculate the experimental tensile strength values. This equation cannot account for the presence of a breaking line and overestimates the thickness of the loading plane by the depth of the breaking line when in 0° or 22.5° position. If the depth of the breaking line is taken into account, the model predictions and the experimental findings are comparable. Also, in the brittle cracking FEM simulations the predicted crack propagation patterns were similar to those found in the experiments, and the model stress distributions across the lower surfaces were much more homogeneous and streamlined parallel to the loading plane. The brittle cracking model hence reflected the practicalities of the bending test more closely. The findings suggested that with the breaking line facing down fracture should always start in the centre of a tablet at its lower surface, initiated by the breaking line. Due to simultaneous development of larger stresses along the y-axis the tablet should still break into two equal halves along the loading plane, unless the position of the breaking line relative to the loading plane was 22.5°. In this case the tablet would fail by a mixed process, whereby failure would occur mainly along the breaking line, but due to simultaneous crack formation at the lower surface close to the bevel edge parallel to the loading plane the final breaking pattern would deviate from the breaking line about half-way from its centre, as seen in the practical experiments. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Low-temperature high-resolution absorption spectrum of 14NH3 in the ν1+ν3 band region (1.51 μm)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Földes, T.; Golebiowski, D.; Herman, M.; Softley, T. P.; Di Lonardo, G.; Fusina, L.

2014-09-01

Jet-cooled spectra of 14NH3 and 15NH3 in natural abundance were recorded using cavity ring-down (CRDS, 6584-6670 cm-1) and cavity enhanced absorption (CEAS, 6530-6700 cm-1) spectroscopy. Line broadening effects in the CRDS spectrum allowed lines with J″-values between 0 and 3 to be identified. Intensity ratios in 14NH3 between the jet-cooled CRDS and literature room-temperature data from Sung et al. (J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 113 (2012), 1066) further assisted the line assignments. Ground state combination differences were extensively used to support the assignments, providing reliable values for J, K and inversion symmetry of the ground state vibrational levels. CEAS data helped in this respect for the lowest J lines, some of which are saturated in the CRDS spectrum. Further information on a/s doublets arose from the observed spectral structures. Thirty-two transitions of 14NH3 were assigned in this way and a limited but significant number (19) of changes in the assignments results, compared to Sung et al. or to Cacciani et al. (J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 113 (2012), 1084). Sixteen known and 25 new low-J transitions were identified for 15NH3 in the CRDS spectrum but the much scarcer literature information did not allow for any more refined assignment. The present line position measurements improve on literature values published for 15NH3 and on some line positions for 14NH3.

46 CFR 42.07-10 - Submergence of load line marks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... VOYAGES BY SEA Control, Enforcement, and Rights of Appeal § 42.07-10 Submergence of load line marks. (a... by sea, or on the Great Lakes, or during the voyage, or on arrival, the applicable load lines marked... when navigating the Great Lakes. (d) When a vessel departs from a port situated on a river or inland...

46 CFR 42.07-10 - Submergence of load line marks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... VOYAGES BY SEA Control, Enforcement, and Rights of Appeal § 42.07-10 Submergence of load line marks. (a... by sea, or on the Great Lakes, or during the voyage, or on arrival, the applicable load lines marked... when navigating the Great Lakes. (d) When a vessel departs from a port situated on a river or inland...

46 CFR 42.07-10 - Submergence of load line marks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... VOYAGES BY SEA Control, Enforcement, and Rights of Appeal § 42.07-10 Submergence of load line marks. (a... by sea, or on the Great Lakes, or during the voyage, or on arrival, the applicable load lines marked... when navigating the Great Lakes. (d) When a vessel departs from a port situated on a river or inland...

46 CFR 42.07-10 - Submergence of load line marks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... VOYAGES BY SEA Control, Enforcement, and Rights of Appeal § 42.07-10 Submergence of load line marks. (a... by sea, or on the Great Lakes, or during the voyage, or on arrival, the applicable load lines marked... when navigating the Great Lakes. (d) When a vessel departs from a port situated on a river or inland...

46 CFR 42.07-10 - Submergence of load line marks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... VOYAGES BY SEA Control, Enforcement, and Rights of Appeal § 42.07-10 Submergence of load line marks. (a... by sea, or on the Great Lakes, or during the voyage, or on arrival, the applicable load lines marked... when navigating the Great Lakes. (d) When a vessel departs from a port situated on a river or inland...

46 CFR 45.37 - Salt water load lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Salt water load lines. 45.37 Section 45.37 Shipping... Marks § 45.37 Salt water load lines. Each vessel that operates in the salt water of the St. Lawrence... marks under § 45.77 for salt water; and (b) Be marked with the letters “FW” above the fresh water marks...

46 CFR 45.37 - Salt water load lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Salt water load lines. 45.37 Section 45.37 Shipping... Marks § 45.37 Salt water load lines. Each vessel that operates in the salt water of the St. Lawrence... marks under § 45.77 for salt water; and (b) Be marked with the letters “FW” above the fresh water marks...

46 CFR 78.17-20 - Drafts and load line markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Drafts and load line markings. 78.17-20 Section 78.17-20..., Drills, and Inspections § 78.17-20 Drafts and load line markings. (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and aft, in the...

46 CFR 97.15-5 - Drafts and load line markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Drafts and load line markings. 97.15-5 Section 97.15-5... OPERATIONS Tests, Drills, and Inspections § 97.15-5 Drafts and load line markings. (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and...

46 CFR 78.17-20 - Drafts and load line markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Drafts and load line markings. 78.17-20 Section 78.17-20..., Drills, and Inspections § 78.17-20 Drafts and load line markings. (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and aft, in the...

46 CFR 78.17-20 - Drafts and load line markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Drafts and load line markings. 78.17-20 Section 78.17-20..., Drills, and Inspections § 78.17-20 Drafts and load line markings. (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and aft, in the...

46 CFR 78.17-20 - Drafts and load line markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Drafts and load line markings. 78.17-20 Section 78.17-20..., Drills, and Inspections § 78.17-20 Drafts and load line markings. (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and aft, in the...

46 CFR 97.15-5 - Drafts and load line markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Drafts and load line markings. 97.15-5 Section 97.15-5... OPERATIONS Tests, Drills, and Inspections § 97.15-5 Drafts and load line markings. (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and...

46 CFR 97.15-5 - Drafts and load line markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Drafts and load line markings. 97.15-5 Section 97.15-5... OPERATIONS Tests, Drills, and Inspections § 97.15-5 Drafts and load line markings. (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and...

46 CFR 97.15-5 - Drafts and load line markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Drafts and load line markings. 97.15-5 Section 97.15-5... OPERATIONS Tests, Drills, and Inspections § 97.15-5 Drafts and load line markings. (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and...

46 CFR 97.15-5 - Drafts and load line markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Drafts and load line markings. 97.15-5 Section 97.15-5... OPERATIONS Tests, Drills, and Inspections § 97.15-5 Drafts and load line markings. (a) The master of every vessel on an ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes voyage shall enter the drafts of the vessel, forward and...

46 CFR 45.37 - Salt water load lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Salt water load lines. 45.37 Section 45.37 Shipping... Marks § 45.37 Salt water load lines. Each vessel that operates in the salt water of the St. Lawrence... marks under § 45.77 for salt water; and (b) Be marked with the letters “FW” above the fresh water marks...

46 CFR 45.37 - Salt water load lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Salt water load lines. 45.37 Section 45.37 Shipping... Marks § 45.37 Salt water load lines. Each vessel that operates in the salt water of the St. Lawrence... marks under § 45.77 for salt water; and (b) Be marked with the letters “FW” above the fresh water marks...

46 CFR 45.37 - Salt water load lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Salt water load lines. 45.37 Section 45.37 Shipping... Marks § 45.37 Salt water load lines. Each vessel that operates in the salt water of the St. Lawrence... marks under § 45.77 for salt water; and (b) Be marked with the letters “FW” above the fresh water marks...

Theoretical investigations into the influence of the position of a breaking line on the tensile failure of flat, round, bevel-edged tablets using finite element methodology (FEM) and its practical relevance for industrial tablet strength testing.

PubMed

Podczeck, Fridrun; Newton, J Michael; Fromme, Paul

2014-12-30

Flat, round tablets may have a breaking ("score") line. Pharmacopoeial tablet breaking load tests are diametral in their design, and industrially used breaking load testers often have automatic tablet feeding systems, which position the tablets between the loading platens of the machine with the breaking lines in random orientation to the applied load. The aim of this work was to ascertain the influence of the position of the breaking line in a diametral compression test using finite element methodology (FEM) and to compare the theoretical results with practical findings using commercially produced bevel-edged, scored tablets. Breaking line test positions at an angle of 0°, 22.5°, 45°, 67.5° and 90° relative to the loading plane were studied. FEM results obtained for fully elastic and elasto-plastic tablets were fairly similar, but they highlighted large differences in stress distributions depending on the position of the breaking line. The stress values at failure were predicted to be similar for tablets tested at an angle of 45° or above, whereas at lower test angles the predicted breaking loads were up to three times larger. The stress distributions suggested that not all breaking line angles would result in clean tensile failure. Practical results, however, did not confirm the differences in the predicted breaking loads, but they confirmed differences in the way tablets broke. The results suggest that it is not advisable to convert breaking loads obtained on scored tablets into tablet tensile strength values, and comparisons between different tablets or batches should carefully consider the orientation of the breaking line with respect to the loading plane, as the failure mechanisms appear to vary. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Load-Flow in Multiphase Distribution Networks: Existence, Uniqueness, Non-Singularity, and Linear Models

DOE PAGES

Bernstein, Andrey; Wang, Cong; Dall'Anese, Emiliano; ...

2018-01-01

This paper considers unbalanced multiphase distribution systems with generic topology and different load models, and extends the Z-bus iterative load-flow algorithm based on a fixed-point interpretation of the AC load-flow equations. Explicit conditions for existence and uniqueness of load-flow solutions are presented. These conditions also guarantee convergence of the load-flow algorithm to the unique solution. The proposed methodology is applicable to generic systems featuring (i) wye connections; (ii) ungrounded delta connections; (iii) a combination of wye-connected and delta-connected sources/loads; and, (iv) a combination of line-to-line and line-to-grounded-neutral devices at the secondary of distribution transformers. Further, a sufficient condition for themore » non-singularity of the load-flow Jacobian is proposed. Finally, linear load-flow models are derived, and their approximation accuracy is analyzed. Theoretical results are corroborated through experiments on IEEE test feeders.« less

Load-Flow in Multiphase Distribution Networks: Existence, Uniqueness, Non-Singularity, and Linear Models

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bernstein, Andrey; Wang, Cong; Dall'Anese, Emiliano

This paper considers unbalanced multiphase distribution systems with generic topology and different load models, and extends the Z-bus iterative load-flow algorithm based on a fixed-point interpretation of the AC load-flow equations. Explicit conditions for existence and uniqueness of load-flow solutions are presented. These conditions also guarantee convergence of the load-flow algorithm to the unique solution. The proposed methodology is applicable to generic systems featuring (i) wye connections; (ii) ungrounded delta connections; (iii) a combination of wye-connected and delta-connected sources/loads; and, (iv) a combination of line-to-line and line-to-grounded-neutral devices at the secondary of distribution transformers. Further, a sufficient condition for themore » non-singularity of the load-flow Jacobian is proposed. Finally, linear load-flow models are derived, and their approximation accuracy is analyzed. Theoretical results are corroborated through experiments on IEEE test feeders.« less

47 CFR 90.609 - Special limitations on amendment of applications for assignment or transfer of authorizations for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) [Reserved] (b) A license to operate a conventional or trunked radio system may not be assigned or... new system or to an existing licensee that has loaded its system to 70 mobiles per channel and is... combined with an existing SMR system above 800 MHz authorized to operate in the trunked mode by assignment...

Data transmission system with distributed microprocessors

DOEpatents

Nambu, Shigeo

1985-01-01

A data transmission system having a common request line and a special request line in addition to a transmission line. The special request line has priority over the common request line. A plurality of node stations are multi-drop connected to the transmission line. Among the node stations, a supervising station is connected to the special request line and takes precedence over other slave stations to become a master station. The master station collects data from the slave stations. The station connected to the common request line can assign a master control function to any station requesting to be assigned the master control function within a short period of time. Each station has an auto response control circuit. The master station automatically collects data by the auto response controlling circuit independently of the microprocessors of the slave stations.

The crystalline phases present in carbon cathodes of discharged Li/SOCl/sub 2/-LiAlCl/sub 4/ cells

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Williams, R.M.; Surampudi, S.; Bankston, C.P.

1989-05-01

The authors describe the x-ray diffraction patterns of 100% discharged Schawinigan black cathodes from Li/SOCl/sub 2-/LiAlCl/sub 4/ cells obtained using a high resolution Guinier camera. The previous assignments of the diffraction lines to Li/sub 2/O/sub 2/ and rhombohedral sulfur are all found to be incorrect; all sharp Bragg diffraction lines not assignable to anhydrous LiCl can be assigned to LiCl1 . H/sub 2/O.

Global Load Balancing with Parallel Mesh Adaption on Distributed-Memory Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Biswas, Rupak; Oliker, Leonid; Sohn, Andrew

1996-01-01

Dynamic mesh adaptation on unstructured grids is a powerful tool for efficiently computing unsteady problems to resolve solution features of interest. Unfortunately, this causes load inbalances among processors on a parallel machine. This paper described the parallel implementation of a tetrahedral mesh adaption scheme and a new global load balancing method. A heuristic remapping algorithm is presented that assigns partitions to processors such that the redistribution coast is minimized. Results indicate that the parallel performance of the mesh adaption code depends on the nature of the adaption region and show a 35.5X speedup on 64 processors of an SP2 when 35 percent of the mesh is randomly adapted. For large scale scientific computations, our load balancing strategy gives an almost sixfold reduction in solver execution times over non-balanced loads. Furthermore, our heuristic remappier yields processor assignments that are less than 3 percent of the optimal solutions, but requires only 1 percent of the computational time.

RPE vs. Percentage 1RM Loading in Periodized Programs Matched for Sets and Repetitions

PubMed Central

Helms, Eric R.; Byrnes, Ryan K.; Cooke, Daniel M.; Haischer, Michael H.; Carzoli, Joseph P.; Johnson, Trevor K.; Cross, Matthew R.; Cronin, John B.; Storey, Adam G.; Zourdos, Michael C.

2018-01-01

Purpose: To investigate differences between rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and percentage one-repetition maximum (1RM) load assignment in resistance-trained males (19–35 years) performing protocols with matched sets and repetitions differentiated by load-assignment. Methods: Participants performed squats then bench press 3x/weeks in a daily undulating format over 8-weeks. Participants were counterbalanced by pre-test 1RM then assigned to percentage 1RM (1RMG, n = 11); load-assignment via percentage 1RMs, or RPE groups (RPEG, n = 10); participant-selected loads to reach target RPE ranges. Ultrasonography determined pre and post-test pectoralis (PMT), and vastus lateralis muscle thickness at 50 (VLMT50) and 70% (VLMT70) femur-length. Results: Bench press (1RMG +9.64 ± 5.36; RPEG + 10.70 ± 3.30 kg), squat (1RMG + 13.91 ± 5.89; RPEG + 17.05 ± 5.44 kg) and their combined-total 1RMs (1RMG + 23.55 ± 10.38; RPEG + 27.75 ± 7.94 kg) increased (p < 0.05) in both groups as did PMT (1RMG + 1.59 ± 1.33; RPEG +1.90 ± 1.91 mm), VLMT50 (1RMG +2.13 ± 1.95; RPEG + 1.85 ± 1.97 mm) and VLMT70 (1RMG + 2.40 ± 2.22; RPEG + 2.31 ± 2.27 mm). Between-group differences were non-significant (p > 0.05). Magnitude-based inferences revealed 79, 57, and 72% chances of mean small effect size (ES) advantages for squat; ES 90% confidence limits (CL) = 0.50 ± 0.63, bench press; ES 90% CL = 0.28 ± 0.73, and combined-total; ES 90% CL = 0.48 ± 0.68 respectively, in RPEG. There were 4, 14, and 6% chances 1RMG had a strength advantage of the same magnitude, and 18, 29, and 22% chances, respectively of trivial differences between groups. Conclusions: Both loading-types are effective. However, RPE-based loading may provide a small 1RM strength advantage in a majority of individuals. PMID:29628895

Modeling power flow in the induction cavity with a two dimensional circuit simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Fan; Zou, Wenkang; Gong, Boyi; Jiang, Jihao; Chen, Lin; Wang, Meng; Xie, Weiping

2017-02-01

We have proposed a two dimensional (2D) circuit model of induction cavity. The oil elbow and azimuthal transmission line are modeled with one dimensional transmission line elements, while 2D transmission line elements are employed to represent the regions inward the azimuthal transmission line. The voltage waveforms obtained by 2D circuit simulation and transient electromagnetic simulation are compared, which shows satisfactory agreement. The influence of impedance mismatch on the power flow condition in the induction cavity is investigated with this 2D circuit model. The simulation results indicate that the peak value of load voltage approaches the maximum if the azimuthal transmission line roughly matches the pulse forming section. The amplitude of output transmission line voltage is strongly influenced by its impedance, but the peak value of load voltage is insensitive to the actual output transmission line impedance. When the load impedance raises, the voltage across the dummy load increases, and the pulse duration at the oil elbow inlet and insulator stack regions also slightly increase.

14 CFR 25.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... designed for inertia loads acting parallel to the hinge line. (b) In the absence of more rational data, the inertia loads may be assumed to be equal to KW, where— (1) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for...

14 CFR 25.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... designed for inertia loads acting parallel to the hinge line. (b) In the absence of more rational data, the inertia loads may be assumed to be equal to KW, where— (1) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for...

14 CFR 25.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... designed for inertia loads acting parallel to the hinge line. (b) In the absence of more rational data, the inertia loads may be assumed to be equal to KW, where— (1) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for...

14 CFR 25.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... designed for inertia loads acting parallel to the hinge line. (b) In the absence of more rational data, the inertia loads may be assumed to be equal to KW, where— (1) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for...

14 CFR 25.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... designed for inertia loads acting parallel to the hinge line. (b) In the absence of more rational data, the inertia loads may be assumed to be equal to KW, where— (1) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for...

46 CFR Appendix A to Part 45 - Load Line Certificate Form

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... registry Type of Ship: TYPE “A” TYPE “B” TYPE “B” with increased freeboard freeboard from deck line Midsummer MS Summer S Intermediate I Winter W load line above S Upper edge of line through center of diamond... salt water of the St. Lawrence River west of a straight line from Cap de Rosiers to West Point...

Effects of trial complexity on decision making.

PubMed

Horowitz, I A; ForsterLee, L; Brolly, I

1996-12-01

The ability of a civil jury to render fair and rational decisions in complex trials has been questioned. However, the nature, dimensions, and effects of trial complexity on decision making have rarely been addressed. In this research, jury-eligible adults saw a videotape of a complex civil trial that varied in information load and complexity of the language of the witnesses. Information load and complexity differentially affected liability and compensatory decisions. An increase in the number of plaintiffs decreased blameworthiness assigned to the defendant despite contrary evidence and amount of probative evidence processed. Complex language did not affect memory but did affect jurors' ability to appropriately compensate differentially worthy plaintiffs. Jurors assigned compensatory awards commensurate with the plaintiffs' injuries only under low-load and less complex language conditions.

Performance tradeoffs in static and dynamic load balancing strategies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Iqbal, M. A.; Saltz, J. H.; Bokhart, S. H.

1986-01-01

The problem of uniformly distributing the load of a parallel program over a multiprocessor system was considered. A program was analyzed whose structure permits the computation of the optimal static solution. Then four strategies for load balancing were described and their performance compared. The strategies are: (1) the optimal static assignment algorithm which is guaranteed to yield the best static solution, (2) the static binary dissection method which is very fast but sub-optimal, (3) the greedy algorithm, a static fully polynomial time approximation scheme, which estimates the optimal solution to arbitrary accuracy, and (4) the predictive dynamic load balancing heuristic which uses information on the precedence relationships within the program and outperforms any of the static methods. It is also shown that the overhead incurred by the dynamic heuristic is reduced considerably if it is started off with a static assignment provided by either of the other three strategies.

Stereospecific assignment of the asparagine and glutamine sidechain amide protons in proteins from chemical shift analysis.

PubMed

Harsch, Tobias; Schneider, Philipp; Kieninger, Bärbel; Donaubauer, Harald; Kalbitzer, Hans Robert

2017-02-01

Side chain amide protons of asparagine and glutamine residues in random-coil peptides are characterized by large chemical shift differences and can be stereospecifically assigned on the basis of their chemical shift values only. The bimodal chemical shift distributions stored in the biological magnetic resonance data bank (BMRB) do not allow such an assignment. However, an analysis of the BMRB shows, that a substantial part of all stored stereospecific assignments is not correct. We show here that in most cases stereospecific assignment can also be done for folded proteins using an unbiased artificial chemical shift data base (UACSB). For a separation of the chemical shifts of the two amide resonance lines with differences ≥0.40 ppm for asparagine and differences ≥0.42 ppm for glutamine, the downfield shifted resonance lines can be assigned to H δ21 and H ε21 , respectively, at a confidence level >95%. A classifier derived from UASCB can also be used to correct the BMRB data. The program tool AssignmentChecker implemented in AUREMOL calculates the Bayesian probability for a given stereospecific assignment and automatically corrects the assignments for a given list of chemical shifts.

Sensitivity and Specificity of Eustachian Tube Function Tests in Adults

PubMed Central

Doyle, William J.; Swarts, J. Douglas; Banks, Julianne; Casselbrant, Margaretha L; Mandel, Ellen M; Alper, Cuneyt M.

2013-01-01

Objective Determine if Eustachian Tube (ET) function (ETF) tests can identify ears with physician-diagnosed ET dysfunction (ETD) in a mixed population at high sensitivity and specificity and define the inter-relatedness of ETF test parameters. Methods ETF was evaluated using the Forced-Response, Inflation-Deflation, Valsalva and Sniffing tests in 15 control ears of adult subjects after unilateral myringotomy (Group I) and in 23 ears of 19 adult subjects with ventilation tubes inserted for ETD (Group II). Data were analyzed using logistic regression including each parameter independently and then a step-down Discriminant Analysis including all ETF test parameters to predict group assignment. Factor Analysis operating over all parameters was used to explore relatedness. Results The Discriminant Analysis identified 4 ETF test parameters (Valsalva, ET opening pressure, dilatory efficiency and % positive pressure equilibrated) that together correctly assigned ears to Group II at a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 83%. Individual parameters representing the efficiency of ET opening during swallowing showed moderately accurate assignments of ears to their respective groups. Three factors captured approximately 98% of the variance among parameters, the first had negative loadings of the ETF structural parameters, the second had positive loadings of the muscle-assisted ET opening parameters and the third had negative loadings of the muscle-assisted ET opening parameters and positive loadings of the structural parameters. Discussion These results show that ETF tests can correctly assign individual ears to physician-diagnosed ETD with high sensitivity and specificity and that ETF test parameters can be grouped into structural-functional categories. PMID:23868429

New assignments in the 2 μm transparency window of the 12CH4 Octad band system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Daumont, L.; Nikitin, A. V.; Thomas, X.; Régalia, L.; Von der Heyden, P.; Tyuterev, Vl. G.; Rey, M.; Boudon, V.; Wenger, Ch.; Loëte, M.; Brown, L. R.

2013-02-01

This paper reports new assignments of rovibrational transitions of 12CH4 bands in the range 4600-4887 cm-1 which is usually referred to as a part of the 2 μm methane transparency window. Several experimental data sources for methane line positions and intensities were combined for this analysis. Three long path Fourier transform spectra newly recorded in Reims with 1603 m absorption path length and pressures of 1, 7 and 34 hPa for samples of natural abundance CH4 provided new measurements of 12CH4 lines. Older spectra for 13CH4 (90% purity) from JPL with 73 m absorption path length were used to identify the corresponding lines. Most of the lines in this region belong to the Octad system of 12CH4. The new spectra allowed us to assign 1014 new line positions and to measure 1095 line intensities in the cold bands of the Octad. These new line positions and intensities were added to the global fit of Hamiltonian and dipole moment parameters of the Ground State, Dyad, Pentad and Octad systems. This leads to a noticeable improvement of the theoretical description in this methane transparency window and a better global prediction of the methane spectrum.

Improvement of the Database on the 1.13-microns Band of Water Vapor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giver, Lawrence P.; Schwenke, David W.; Chackerian, Charles, Jr.; Varanasi, Prasad; Freedman, Richard S.; Gore, Warren J. (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

Corrections have recently been reported (Giver et al.) on the short-wave (visible and near-infrared) line intensities of water vapor that were catalogued in the spectroscopic database known as HITRAN. These updates have been posted on www.hitran.com, and are being used to reanalyze the polar stratospheric absorption in the 0.94 microns band as observed in POAM. We are currently investigating additional improvement in the 1.13 microns band using data obtained by us with an absorption path length of 1.107 km and 4 torr of water vapor and the ab initio line list of Partridge and Schwenke (needs ref). We are proposing the following four types of improvement of the HITRAN database in this region: 1) HITRAN has nearly 200 lines in this region without proper assignments of rotational quantum levels. Nearly all of them can now be assigned. 2) We have measured positions of the observable H2O-17 and H2O-18 lines. These lines in HITRAN currently have approximate positions based upon rather aged computations. 3) Some additional lines are observed and assigned which should be included in the database. 4) Corrections are necessary for the lower state energies E" for the HITRAN lines of the 121-010 "hot" band.

Predictors of switch to and early outcomes on third-line antiretroviral therapy at a large public-sector clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa.

PubMed

Evans, Denise; Hirasen, Kamban; Berhanu, Rebecca; Malete, Given; Ive, Prudence; Spencer, David; Badal-Faesen, Sharlaa; Sanne, Ian M; Fox, Matthew P

2018-04-10

While efficacy data exist, there are limited data on the outcomes of patients on third-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa in actual practice. Being able to identify predictors of switch to third-line ART will be essential for planning for future need. We identify predictors of switch to third-line ART among patients with significant viraemia on a protease inhibitor (PI)-based second-line ART regimen. Additionally, we describe characteristics of all patients on third-line at a large public sector HIV clinic and present their early outcomes. Retrospective analysis of adults (≥ 18 years) on a PI-based second-line ART regimen at Themba Lethu Clinic, Johannesburg, South Africa as of 01 August 2012, when third-line treatment became available in South Africa, with significant viraemia on second-line ART (defined as at least one viral load ≥ 1000 copies/mL on second-line ART after 01 August 2012) to identify predictors of switch to third-line (determined by genotype resistance testing). Third-line ART was defined as a regimen containing etravirine, raltegravir or ritonavir boosted darunavir, between August 2012 and January 2016. To assess predictors of switch to third-line ART we used Cox proportional hazards regression among those with significant viraemia on second-line ART after 01 August 2012. Then among all patients on third-line ART we describe viral load suppression, defined as a viral load < 400 copies/mL, after starting third-line ART. Among 719 patients in care and on second-line ART as of August 2012 (with at least one viral load ≥ 1000 copies/mL after 01 August 2012), 36 (5.0% over a median time of 54 months) switched to third-line. Time on second-line therapy (≥ 96 vs. < 96 weeks) (adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR): 2.53 95% CI 1.03-6.22) and never reaching virologic suppression while on second-line ART (aHR: 3.37 95% CI 1.47-7.73) were identified as predictors of switch. In a separate cohort of patients on third-line ART, 78.3% (47/60) and 83.3% (35/42) of those in care and with a viral load suppressed their viral load at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Our results show that the need for third-line is low (5%), but that patients' who switch to third-line ART have good early treatment outcomes and are able to suppress their viral load. Adherence counselling and resistance testing should be prioritized for patients that are at risk of failure, in particular those who never suppress on second-line and those who have been on PI-based regimen for extended periods.

Analyse dynamique des lignes de grande portee sous charges de vent

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ashby, Mathieu

There are two types of electric crossing : i) subterranean / submarine line ii) overhead-line crossing. We always consider the last one as a more economic option. The inconvenience of an overhead-line crossing would be the environmental constraints among which the existing obstacles, the clearance for the navigation and the aesthetics demanded by the public. The overhead-line crossings usually have conductors of long ranges which are outside of the field of application for the current transmission line codes. These are limited to reaches of a length included between 200 m and 800 m, as well as a height of support lower than 60 m. However, for reaches over 800 m and over a height over 60 m, the criteria of conception in the transmission line codes for the calculation of wind loads are not applicable. In this study we concentrate on loads on the supports owed to the limit wind applied to bare conductors and insulators chains The objective of the present study is to examine the effect of the temporal and spatial correlation of the wind load along the conductors on a finite element model. A special attention was brought to the evaluation of the importance of the dynamic load transmitted on by the conductors and the insulators chains for the case of a turbulent wind load. The numerical study on finite element model for the example of a overhead-line crossing was done with the software ADINA. The wind load for the finite element model for the example of a overhead-line crossing was generated by the software WindGen which uses the method of Simiu-Scanlan and the method of spectral representation developed by Shinozuka-Deodatis. Wind loads generated where integrated into the finite element model ADINA for a dynamic analysis of the overhead-line crossing. For the first part, the current methods are used to calculate the efforts in supports due to the wind loads with an engineering approach and a comparaison approach. The current methods are then compared with the efforts obtained from an advanced method, transient dynamic and spectral stochastic, and specifically for the case of a simple overhead-line and an overhead-line crossings. For the second part, the effect of the longitudinal correlation of the wind load on two parallel conductors was examined. Finally, dynamic experiments on an insulators chain were made to determine the variation of the damping and the rigidity of the system for different type of insulators, different speed of application of the load and the inclination of the insulator. Key words : transient dynamics, spectral stochastic, turbulent wind, conductor, aerodynamic damping, structural damping, spatial correlation, wind spectra

Fuzzy self-learning control for magnetic servo system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tarn, J. H.; Kuo, L. T.; Juang, K. Y.; Lin, C. E.

1994-01-01

It is known that an effective control system is the key condition for successful implementation of high-performance magnetic servo systems. Major issues to design such control systems are nonlinearity; unmodeled dynamics, such as secondary effects for copper resistance, stray fields, and saturation; and that disturbance rejection for the load effect reacts directly on the servo system without transmission elements. One typical approach to design control systems under these conditions is a special type of nonlinear feedback called gain scheduling. It accommodates linear regulators whose parameters are changed as a function of operating conditions in a preprogrammed way. In this paper, an on-line learning fuzzy control strategy is proposed. To inherit the wealth of linear control design, the relations between linear feedback and fuzzy logic controllers have been established. The exercise of engineering axioms of linear control design is thus transformed into tuning of appropriate fuzzy parameters. Furthermore, fuzzy logic control brings the domain of candidate control laws from linear into nonlinear, and brings new prospects into design of the local controllers. On the other hand, a self-learning scheme is utilized to automatically tune the fuzzy rule base. It is based on network learning infrastructure; statistical approximation to assign credit; animal learning method to update the reinforcement map with a fast learning rate; and temporal difference predictive scheme to optimize the control laws. Different from supervised and statistical unsupervised learning schemes, the proposed method learns on-line from past experience and information from the process and forms a rule base of an FLC system from randomly assigned initial control rules.

The Empirical Verification of an Assignment of Items to Subtests: The Oblique Multiple Group Method versus the Confirmatory Common Factor Method

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stuive, Ilse; Kiers, Henk A. L.; Timmerman, Marieke E.; ten Berge, Jos M. F.

2008-01-01

This study compares two confirmatory factor analysis methods on their ability to verify whether correct assignments of items to subtests are supported by the data. The confirmatory common factor (CCF) method is used most often and defines nonzero loadings so that they correspond to the assignment of items to subtests. Another method is the oblique…

Dynamic Load Balancing Based on Constrained K-D Tree Decomposition for Parallel Particle Tracing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Jiang; Guo, Hanqi; Yuan, Xiaoru

Particle tracing is a fundamental technique in flow field data visualization. In this work, we present a novel dynamic load balancing method for parallel particle tracing. Specifically, we employ a constrained k-d tree decomposition approach to dynamically redistribute tasks among processes. Each process is initially assigned a regularly partitioned block along with duplicated ghost layer under the memory limit. During particle tracing, the k-d tree decomposition is dynamically performed by constraining the cutting planes in the overlap range of duplicated data. This ensures that each process is reassigned particles as even as possible, and on the other hand the newmore » assigned particles for a process always locate in its block. Result shows good load balance and high efficiency of our method.« less

Sensitivity and specificity of eustachian tube function tests in adults.

PubMed

Doyle, William J; Swarts, J Douglas; Banks, Julianne; Casselbrant, Margaretha L; Mandel, Ellen M; Alper, Cuneyt M

2013-07-01

The study demonstrates the utility of eustachian tube (ET) function (ETF) test results for accurately assigning ears to disease state. To determine if ETF tests can identify ears with physician-diagnosed ET dysfunction (ETD) in a mixed population at high sensitivity and specificity and to define the interrelatedness of ETF test parameters. Through use of the forced-response, inflation-deflation, Valsalva, and sniffing tests, ETF was evaluated in 15 control ears of adult subjects after unilateral myringotomy (group 1) and in 23 ears of 19 adult subjects with ventilation tubes inserted for ETD (group 2). Data were analyzed using logistic regression including each parameter independently and then a step-down discriminant analysis including all ETF test parameters to predict group assignment. Factor analysis operating over all parameters was used to explore relatedness. ETF testing. ETF parameters for the forced response, inflation-deflation, Valsalva, and sniffing tests measured in 15 control ears of adult subjects after unilateral myringotomy (group 1) and in 23 ears of 19 adult subjects with ventilation tubes inserted for ETD (group 2). The discriminant analysis identified 4 ETF test parameters (Valsalva, ET opening pressure, dilatory efficiency, and percentage of positive pressure equilibrated) that together correctly assigned ears to group 2 at a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 83%. Individual parameters representing the efficiency of ET opening during swallowing showed moderately accurate assignments of ears to their respective groups. Three factors captured approximately 98% of the variance among parameters: the first had negative loadings of the ETF structural parameters; the second had positive loadings of the muscle-assisted ET opening parameters; and the third had negative loadings of the muscle-assisted ET opening parameters and positive loadings of the structural parameters. These results show that ETF tests can correctly assign individual ears to physician-diagnosed ETD with high sensitivity and specificity and that ETF test parameters can be grouped into structural-functional categories.

46 CFR 188.05-35 - Load lines-interpretive ruling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Load lines-interpretive ruling. 188.05-35 Section 188.05-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS GENERAL PROVISIONS Application § 188.05-35 Load lines—interpretive ruling. (a) Certificated vessels shall...

46 CFR 188.05-35 - Load lines-interpretive ruling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Load lines-interpretive ruling. 188.05-35 Section 188.05-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS GENERAL PROVISIONS Application § 188.05-35 Load lines—interpretive ruling. (a) Certificated vessels shall...

46 CFR 188.05-35 - Load lines-interpretive ruling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Load lines-interpretive ruling. 188.05-35 Section 188.05-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS GENERAL PROVISIONS Application § 188.05-35 Load lines—interpretive ruling. (a) Certificated vessels shall...

46 CFR 188.05-35 - Load lines-interpretive ruling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Load lines-interpretive ruling. 188.05-35 Section 188.05-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS GENERAL PROVISIONS Application § 188.05-35 Load lines—interpretive ruling. (a) Certificated vessels shall...

46 CFR 188.05-35 - Load lines-interpretive ruling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Load lines-interpretive ruling. 188.05-35 Section 188.05-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS GENERAL PROVISIONS Application § 188.05-35 Load lines—interpretive ruling. (a) Certificated vessels shall...

29 CFR 1926.1431 - Hoisting personnel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... hook, load line and rigging) must not exceed 50 percent of the rated capacity for the radius and... pursuant to paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the total load (including the hook, load line, rigging and... number required to perform the work, whichever is less. (g) Attachment and rigging. (1) Hooks and other...

29 CFR 1926.1431 - Hoisting personnel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... hook, load line and rigging) must not exceed 50 percent of the rated capacity for the radius and... pursuant to paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the total load (including the hook, load line, rigging and... number required to perform the work, whichever is less. (g) Attachment and rigging—(1) Hooks and other...

Traction Aid for Wheeled Vehicles

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-07-01

driver’s position in the load vehicle to assist him in applying constant braking loads, 4) a drum and line fifth wheel sys- tem attached to the load...in Alaskan snow, and the results were so encouraging that further testing of the device was requested. In comparison to tire chains, the Tyr-Trac...vehicle with the end of the line anchored and the speed of the line played off the drum measuring the actual vehicle speed. An eight channel

Experimental compliance calibration of the compact fracture toughness specimen

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fisher, D. M.; Buzzard, R. J.

1980-01-01

Compliances and stress intensity coefficients were determined over crack length to width ratios from 0.1 to 0.8. Displacements were measured at the load points, load line, and crack mouth. Special fixturing was devised to permit accurate measurement of load point displacement. The results are in agreement with the currently used results of boundary collocation analyses. The errors which occur in stress intensity coefficients or specimen energy input determinations made from load line displacement measurements rather than from load point measurements are emphasized.

Internet Explorations: On-Line Assignments for the Introductory Public Relations Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Michael F.

This paper describes a series of assignments called "Internet Explorations," which were developed for an introductory public relations course. The three rationales for the assignments in the paper were illustration and application of course concepts to ongoing public relations activities, student exposure to communication strategies, and…

Force-Strain Characteristics and Rupture-Load Capability of Viking-Type Suspension-Line Material Under Dynamic Loading Conditions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Poole, Lamont R.; Councill, Earl L., Jr.

1972-01-01

A series of tests has been conducted to investigate the elastic behavior of Viking-type suspension-line material under dynamic loading conditions. Results indicate that there is a decrease in both rupture-load capability and elongation at rupture as the test strain rate is increased. Preliminary examination of force-strain characteristics indicates that, on the average, the material exhibits some type of viscous effect which results in a greater force being produced, for a particular value of strain, under dynamic loading conditions than that produced under quasi-static loading conditions. A great deal of uncertainty exists in defining a priori the tensile properties of viscoelastic materials, such as nylon or dacron, under dynamic loading conditions. Additional uncertainty enters the picture when woven configurations such as suspension,line material are considered. To eliminate these uncertainties, with respect to the Viking parachute configuration, a test program has been conducted to obtain data on the tensile properties of Viking-type suspension-line material over a wide range of strain rates. Based on preliminary examination of these data, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. Material rupture-load capability decreases as strain-rate is increased. At strain rates above 75 percent/sec, no rupture loads were observed which would meet the minimum tensile strength specification of 880 pounds. 2. The material, on the average, exhibits some type of viscous effect which, for a particular value of strain, produces a greater load under dynamic loading conditions than that produced under quasi-static loading conditions.

The Effect of Suspension-Line Length on Viking Parachute Inflation Loads

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Talay, Theodore A.; Poole, Lamont R.; Whitlock, Charles H.

1971-01-01

Analytical calculations have considered the effect on maximum load of increasing the suspension-line length on the Viking parachute. Results indicate that unfurling time is increased to 1.85 seconds from 1.45 seconds, and that maximum loads are increased approximately 5 percent with an uncertainty of -4 percent to +3 percent.

Structural Analysis of Pressurized Small Diameter Lines in a Random Vibration Environment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davis, Mark; Ridnour, Andrew; Brethen, Mark

2011-01-01

The pressurization and propellant feed lines for the Ares 1 Upper Stage Reaction and Roll Control Systems (ReCS and RoCS) were required to be in a high g-load random vibration flight environment. The lines connected the system components and were filled with both liquid hydrazine and gaseous helium. They are considered small and varied between one fourth to one inch in diameter. The random vibration of the lines was considered to be base excitation through the mating components and mounting hardware. It was found that reducing the amount of support structure for the lines added flexibility to the system and improved the line stresses from random vibration, but caused higher stresses from the static g-loads. The locations and number of brackets were optimized by analyzing the mode shapes of the lines causing high stresses. The use of brackets that only constrain motion in the direction of concern further reduced the stresses in the lines. Finite element analysis was used to perform the analysis. The lines were pre-stressed by temperature and internal pressure with fluid and insulation included as non-structural mass. Base excitation was added to the model using Power Spectral Density (PSD) data for the expected flight loads. The random vibration and static g-load cases were combined to obtain the total stress in the lines. This approach advances the state of the art in line analysis by using FEA to predict the stresses in the lines and to optimize the entire system based on the expected flight environment. Adding flexibility to lines has been used in piping system for temperature loads, but in flight environments flexibility has been limited for the static stresses. Adding flexibility to the system in a flight environment by reducing brackets has the benefit of reducing stresses and weight

Steady-state signatures of visual perceptual load, multimodal distractor filtering, and neural competition.

PubMed

Parks, Nathan A; Hilimire, Matthew R; Corballis, Paul M

2011-05-01

The perceptual load theory of attention posits that attentional selection occurs early in processing when a task is perceptually demanding but occurs late in processing otherwise. We used a frequency-tagged steady-state evoked potential paradigm to investigate the modality specificity of perceptual load-induced distractor filtering and the nature of neural-competitive interactions between task and distractor stimuli. EEG data were recorded while participants monitored a stream of stimuli occurring in rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) for the appearance of previously assigned targets. Perceptual load was manipulated by assigning targets that were identifiable by color alone (low load) or by the conjunction of color and orientation (high load). The RSVP task was performed alone and in the presence of task-irrelevant visual and auditory distractors. The RSVP stimuli, visual distractors, and auditory distractors were "tagged" by modulating each at a unique frequency (2.5, 8.5, and 40.0 Hz, respectively), which allowed each to be analyzed separately in the frequency domain. We report three important findings regarding the neural mechanisms of perceptual load. First, we replicated previous findings of within-modality distractor filtering and demonstrated a reduction in visual distractor signals with high perceptual load. Second, auditory steady-state distractor signals were unaffected by manipulations of visual perceptual load, consistent with the idea that perceptual load-induced distractor filtering is modality specific. Third, analysis of task-related signals revealed that visual distractors competed with task stimuli for representation and that increased perceptual load appeared to resolve this competition in favor of the task stimulus.

Quadratic partial eigenvalue assignment in large-scale stochastic dynamic systems for resilient and economic design

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Das, Sonjoy; Goswami, Kundan; Datta, Biswa N.

2014-12-10

Failure of structural systems under dynamic loading can be prevented via active vibration control which shifts the damped natural frequencies of the systems away from the dominant range of loading spectrum. The damped natural frequencies and the dynamic load typically show significant variations in practice. A computationally efficient methodology based on quadratic partial eigenvalue assignment technique and optimization under uncertainty has been formulated in the present work that will rigorously account for these variations and result in an economic and resilient design of structures. A novel scheme based on hierarchical clustering and importance sampling is also developed in this workmore » for accurate and efficient estimation of probability of failure to guarantee the desired resilience level of the designed system. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the proposed methodology.« less

46 CFR 45.181 - Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor... line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes. Barges operating on the Burns... addresses and telephone numbers); (3) Service route (Milwaukee and/or Burns Harbor); (4) Design type...

46 CFR 45.181 - Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor... line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes. Barges operating on the Burns... addresses and telephone numbers); (3) Service route (Milwaukee and/or Burns Harbor); (4) Design type...

46 CFR 45.181 - Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor... line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes. Barges operating on the Burns... addresses and telephone numbers); (3) Service route (Milwaukee and/or Burns Harbor); (4) Design type...

46 CFR 45.181 - Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor... line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes. Barges operating on the Burns... addresses and telephone numbers); (3) Service route (Milwaukee and/or Burns Harbor); (4) Design type...

46 CFR 45.181 - Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Load line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor... line exemption requirements for the Burns Harbor and Milwaukee routes. Barges operating on the Burns... (Milwaukee and/or Burns Harbor); (4) Design type (covered/uncovered hopper, deck, etc.); (5) External...

On-line IR analyzer system to monitor cephamycin C loading on ion-exchange resin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shank, Sheldon; Russ, Warren; Gravatt, Douglas; Lee, Wesley; Donahue, Steven M.

1992-08-01

An on-line infrared analyzer is being developed for monitoring cephamycin C loading on ion exchange resin. Accurate measurement of product loading offers productivity improvements with direct savings from product loss avoidance, minimized raw material cost, and reduced off-line laboratory testing. Ultrafiltered fermentation broth is fed onto ion exchange columns under conditions which adsorb the product, cephamycin C, to the resin while allowing impurities to pass unretained. Product loading is stopped when the on-line analyzer determines that resin capacity for adsorbing product is nearly exhausted. Infrared spectroscopy has been shown capable of quantifying cephamycin C in the process matrix at concentrations that support process control decisions. Process-to-analyzer interface challenges have been resolved, including sample conditioning requirements. Analyzer requirements have been defined. The sample conditioning station is under design.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Al-Labady, N.; Özdalgiç, B.; Er, A.

The Fourier Transform spectra of a Holmium hollow cathode discharge lamp have been investigated in the UV spectral range from 25,000 up to 31,530 cm{sup −1} (317 to 400 nm). Two Ho spectra have been measured with neon and argon as buffer gases. Based on the intensity ratios from these two spectra, a distinction was made between atomic and ionic lines (ionic lines are discussed in an accompanying paper). Using the known Ho i energy levels, 71 lines could be classified as transitions of atomic Ho, 34 of which have not been published previously. Another 32 lines, which could notmore » be classified, are listed in the literature and assigned as atomic Ho. An additional 370 spectral lines have been assigned to atomic Ho based on the signal-to-noise ratio in the two spectra measured under different discharge conditions, namely with buffer gases argon and neon, respectively. These 370 lines have not been previously listed in the literature.« less

76 FR 32323 - Limited Service Domestic Voyage Load Lines for River Barges on Lake Michigan

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-06

...-AA17 Limited Service Domestic Voyage Load Lines for River Barges on Lake Michigan AGENCY: Coast Guard... for certain river barges operating on Lake Michigan, as established in the final rule published on... in the Federal Register (75 FR 70595) (2010 final rule) that finalized the special Lake Michigan load...

Absorption spectra of ammonia near 1 μm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barton, Emma J.; Polyansky, Oleg L.; Yurchenko, Sergei. N.; Tennyson, Jonathan; Civiš, S.; Ferus, M.; Hargreaves, R.; Ovsyannikov, R. I.; Kyuberis, A. A.; Zobov, N. F.; Béguier, S.; Campargue, A.

2017-12-01

An ammonia absorption spectrum recorded at room temperature in the region 8800-10,400 cm-1 is analysed using a variational line list, BYTe, and ground state energies determined using the MARVEL procedure. BYTe is used as a starting point to initialise assignments by combination differences and the method of branches. Assignments are presented for the region 9400-9850 cm-1. 642 lines are assigned to 6 previously unobserved vibrational bands, (2v1 + 2 v42) ±, (2v1 + v31) ± and (v1 + v31 + 2 v42) ±, leading to 428 new energy levels with 208 confirmed by combination differences. A recently calculated purely ab initio NH3 PES is also used to calculate rovibrational energy levels. Comparison with assigned levels shows better agreement between observed and calculated levels than for BYTe for higher vibrational bands.

Erlotinib-loaded albumin nanoparticles: A novel injectable form of erlotinib and its in vivo efficacy against pancreatic adenocarcinoma ASPC-1 and PANC-1 cell lines.

PubMed

Noorani, M; Azarpira, N; Karimian, K; Heli, H

2017-10-05

Erlotinib was loaded on albumin nanoparticles for the first time and the cytotoxic effect of the resulting nanoparticles against ASPC-1 and PANC-1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines was evaluated. The carrier (albumin nanoparticles, ANPs) was synthesized by desolvation method using a mixed solvent followed by thermal crosslinking for stabilization. ANPs and the drug-loaded ANPs were characterized by field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopies, particle size analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The nanoformulation had a size of <14nm with a good monodispersity. Drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were evaluated as 27 and 44%. Cytotoxicity assays after 72h revealed the potential of ANPs to improve erlotinib toxicity (54% against 34% of free drug toward ASPC-1 cell line, and 52% against 30% toward PANC-1 cell line). Values of IC 50 were obtained for both cell lines and indicated significant reduction in the erlotinib dose necessary for killing the cells, while, ANPs were completely safe. The results demonstrated that erlotinib-loaded ANPs had a remarkable potential for pancreatic cancer drug delivery. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Apparatus and method for optimal phase balancing using dynamic programming with spatial consideration

DOEpatents

Robertazzi, Thomas G.; Skiena, Steven; Wang, Kai

2017-08-08

Provided are an apparatus and method for load-balancing of a three-phase electric power distribution system having a multi-phase feeder, including obtaining topology information of the feeder identifying supply points for customer loads and feeder sections between the supply points, obtaining customer information that includes peak customer load at each of the points between each of the feeder sections, performing a phase balancing analysis, and recommending phase assignment at the customer load supply points.

Malaligned dynamic anterior cervical plate: a biomechanical analysis of effectiveness.

PubMed

Lawrence, Brandon D; Patel, Alpesh A; Guss, Andrew; Ryan Spiker, W; Brodke, Darrel S

2014-12-01

Biomechanical evaluation. To evaluate the kinematic and load-sharing differences of dynamic anterior cervical plates when placed in-line at 0° and off-axis at 20°. The use of dynamic anterior cervical plating systems has recently gained popularity due to the theoretical benefit of improved load sharing with graft subsidence. Occasionally, due to anatomical restraints, the anterior cervical plate may be placed off-axis in the coronal plane. This may potentially decrease the dynamization capability of the plate, leading to less load sharing and potentially decreased fusion rates. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the kinematic and load-sharing differences of a dynamic plate placed in-line versus off-axis in the coronal plane. Thirteen fresh-frozen human cadaveric cervical spines (C2-T1) were used. Nondestructive range-of-motion testing was performed with a pneumatically controlled spine simulator in flexion/extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation using the OptoTrak motion measurement system. A C5 corpectomy was performed, and a custom interbody spacer with an integrated load cell collected load-sharing data under axial compression at varying loads. A dynamic anterior cervical plate was placed in-line at 0° and then off-axis at 20°. Testing conditions ensued using a full-length spacer, followed by simulated subsidence by removing 10% of the height of the original spacer. There were no kinematic differences noted in the in-line model versus the off-axis model. After simulated subsidence, the small decreases in stiffness and increases in motion were similar whether the plate was placed in-line or off-axis in all 3 planes of motion. There were also no significant differences in the load-sharing characteristics of the in-line plate versus the off-axis plate in either the full-length model or the subsided interbody model. This study suggests that off-axis dynamic plate positioning does not significantly impact construct kinematics or graft load sharing. As such, we do not recommend removal or repositioning of an off-axis placed dynamic plate because the kinematic and load-sharing biomechanical properties are similar. N/A.

Robustness of power systems under a democratic-fiber-bundle-like model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yaǧan, Osman

2015-06-01

We consider a power system with N transmission lines whose initial loads (i.e., power flows) L1,...,LN are independent and identically distributed with PL(x ) =P [L ≤x ] . The capacity Ci defines the maximum flow allowed on line i and is assumed to be given by Ci=(1 +α ) Li , with α >0 . We study the robustness of this power system against random attacks (or failures) that target a p fraction of the lines, under a democratic fiber-bundle-like model. Namely, when a line fails, the load it was carrying is redistributed equally among the remaining lines. Our contributions are as follows. (i) We show analytically that the final breakdown of the system always takes place through a first-order transition at the critical attack size p=1 -E/[L ] maxx(P [L >x ](α x +E [L |L >x ]) ) , where E [.] is the expectation operator; (ii) we derive conditions on the distribution PL(x ) for which the first-order breakdown of the system occurs abruptly without any preceding diverging rate of failure; (iii) we provide a detailed analysis of the robustness of the system under three specific load distributions—uniform, Pareto, and Weibull—showing that with the minimum load Lmin and mean load E [L ] fixed, Pareto distribution is the worst (in terms of robustness) among the three, whereas Weibull distribution is the best with shape parameter selected relatively large; (iv) we provide numerical results that confirm our mean-field analysis; and (v) we show that p is maximized when the load distribution is a Dirac delta function centered at E [L ] , i.e., when all lines carry the same load. This last finding is particularly surprising given that heterogeneity is known to lead to high robustness against random failures in many other systems.

36. ASSEMBLY LINE AREA FROM NEAR INTERIOR LOADING DOCK. VIEW ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

36. ASSEMBLY LINE AREA FROM NEAR INTERIOR LOADING DOCK. VIEW TO WEST-NORTHWEST. - Ford Motor Company Long Beach Assembly Plant, Assembly Building, 700 Henry Ford Avenue, Long Beach, Los Angeles County, CA

Edge-assignment and figure-ground segmentation in short-term visual matching.

PubMed

Driver, J; Baylis, G C

1996-12-01

Eight experiments examined the role of edge-assignment in a contour matching task. Subjects judged whether the jagged vertical edge of a probe shape matched the jagged edge that divided two adjoining shapes in an immediately preceding figure-ground display. Segmentation factors biased assignment of this dividing edge toward a figural shape on just one of its sides. Subjects were faster and more accurate at matching when the probe edge had a corresponding assignment. The rapid emergence of this effect provides an on-line analog of the long-term memory advantage for figures over grounds which Rubin (1915/1958) reported. The present on-line advantage was found when figures were defined by relative contrast and size, or by symmetry, and could not be explained solely by the automatic drawing of attention toward the location of the figural region. However, deliberate attention to one region of an otherwise ambiguous figure-ground display did produce the advantage. We propose that one-sided assignment of dividing edges may be obligatory in vision.

Density Determinations of the Coronae of Cool Stars Using a Newly Assigned Pair of Fe Xiv Lines in the Spectra of α Canis Minor, α Centauri, and the Sun [Density determinations of the coronae of cool stars using a newly assigned pair of Fe XIV lines in the spectra of alpha Canis Minor, alpha Centauri, and the Sun.

DOE PAGES

Beiersdorfer, P.; Hell, N.; Lepson, J. K.; ...

2015-12-02

We identified a previously unassigned pair of lines between 169 and 170 Å in the coronae of cool stars. Here, we attribute these lines to Fe xiv and show that their intensity ratio is sensitive to the electron density. Using observations taken with the Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer of the Chandra X-ray Observatory we infer a density of log (n e/cm -3) = 10.2 ± 0.7 and 10.3 ± 0.8 from the newly identified line pair in the coronae of Procyon and α Cen A, respectively.

EQUATING FACULTY LOADS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

OOSTING, KENNETH W.

AT ALPENA COMMUNITY COLLEGE, A NORMAL TEACHING LOAD FOR ANY FACULTY MEMBER IS 14-16 SEMESTER HOURS, WITH 75-125 STUDENTS AND 2-3 PREPARATIONS. VARIATIONS FROM THE SCHEDULE ARE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SPECIFIC FORMULAS RELATING TO TOTAL MEMBERS OF STUDENTS, NUMBERS OF PREPARATIONS, ASSIGNMENT TO ENGLISH COMPOSITION CLASSES, NEW COURSES, AND CLASSES…

Bootstrap Confidence Intervals for Ordinary Least Squares Factor Loadings and Correlations in Exploratory Factor Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhang, Guangjian; Preacher, Kristopher J.; Luo, Shanhong

2010-01-01

This article is concerned with using the bootstrap to assign confidence intervals for rotated factor loadings and factor correlations in ordinary least squares exploratory factor analysis. Coverage performances of "SE"-based intervals, percentile intervals, bias-corrected percentile intervals, bias-corrected accelerated percentile…

Performance, Cognitive Load, and Behaviour of Technology-Assisted English Listening Learning: From CALL to MALL

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chang, Chi-Cheng; Warden, Clyde A.; Liang, Chaoyun; Chou, Pao-Nan

2018-01-01

This study examines differences in English listening comprehension, cognitive load, and learning behaviour between outdoor ubiquitous learning and indoor computer-assisted learning. An experimental design, employing a pretest-posttest control group is employed. Randomly assigned foreign language university majors joined either the experimental…

Line Identification of Atomic and Ionic Spectra of Holmium in the Near-UV. Part I. Spectrum of Ho I

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Al-Labady, N.; Özdalgiç, B.; Er, A.; Güzelçimen, F.; Öztürk, I. K.; Kröger, S.; Kruzins, A.; Tamanis, M.; Ferber, R.; Başar, Gö.

2017-02-01

The Fourier Transform spectra of a Holmium hollow cathode discharge lamp have been investigated in the UV spectral range from 25,000 up to 31,530 cm-1 (317 to 400 nm). Two Ho spectra have been measured with neon and argon as buffer gases. Based on the intensity ratios from these two spectra, a distinction was made between atomic and ionic lines (ionic lines are discussed in an accompanying paper). Using the known Ho I energy levels, 71 lines could be classified as transitions of atomic Ho, 34 of which have not been published previously. Another 32 lines, which could not be classified, are listed in the literature and assigned as atomic Ho. An additional 370 spectral lines have been assigned to atomic Ho based on the signal-to-noise ratio in the two spectra measured under different discharge conditions, namely with buffer gases argon and neon, respectively. These 370 lines have not been previously listed in the literature.

CRDS of 17O enriched water between 5850 and 6671 cm-1: More than 1000 energy levels of H217O and HD17O newly determined

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mikhailenko, S. N.; Leshchishina, O.; Karlovets, E. V.; Mondelain, D.; Kassi, S.; Campargue, A.

2016-07-01

The room temperature absorption spectrum of water vapor highly enriched in 17O has been recorded by Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) between 5850 and 6671 cm-1. Two series of recordings were performed with pressure values of 1.0 and 12.0 Torr. The investigated spectral region corresponds to the important 1.55 μm transparency window of the atmosphere where water absorption is very weak. The high sensitivity of the recordings (αmin 5×10-11 cm-1) allows detecting lines with intensity spanning six orders of magnitude (1.4×10-30-3.6×10-24 cm/molecule at room temperature). The experimental list includes more than 10,300 lines. The assignments of water lines were performed using known experimental energy levels as well as calculated line lists based on the results of Partridge and Schwenke. More than 8500 lines were assigned to 9619 transitions of six water isotopologues (H216O, H217O, H218O, HD16O, HD17O and HD18O). All but four transitions of the 16O and 18O isotopologues were assigned using known experimental energy levels. More than half of the assigned H217O and HD17O transitions correspond to new (or corrected) upper energy levels. About 1000 new H217O transitions associated with upper states of the second triad and of the first hexad were identified. Most of the newly assigned HD17O transitions belong to the ν1+ν3 and 2ν2+ν3 bands. The assigned transitions allowed to newly determine or correct 20 highly excited rotational levels of the vibrational ground state of this isotopologue. Overall 791 and 266 energy levels are newly determined for H217O and HD17O, respectively. A few additional levels were corrected compared to literature values. The obtained experimental results are compared to the spectroscopic parameters provided by the HITRAN database and to the empirical energy levels recommended by an IUPAC task group.

Explicit reflection in an introductory physics course

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Scott, Michael Lee

This dissertation details a classroom intervention that supplements assigned in-class problems in weekly problem sets with reflective activities that are aimed to assist in knowledge integration. Using the framework of cognitive load theory, this intervention should assist in schema acquisition leading to (1) students recognizing the use and appropriately applying physical concepts across different problem contexts, and (2) enhanced physics understanding of students resulting in improved class performance. The intervention was embedded in the discussion component of an introductory, university physics course, and spanned a 14-week period. Evaluation of the intervention was based on the relative performance between a control and treatment group. Instruments used in this study to assess performance included the Force Concept Inventory (FCI), a physics problem categorization test, and four class exams. A full discussion of this implementation and the accompanying measures will be given. Possible limitations to this study and lines of future research will be proposed.

Genetic load makes cancer cells more sensitive to common drugs: evidence from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia.

PubMed

Pavel, Ana B; Korolev, Kirill S

2017-05-16

Genetic alterations initiate tumors and enable the evolution of drug resistance. The pro-cancer view of mutations is however incomplete, and several studies show that mutational load can reduce tumor fitness. Given its negative effect, genetic load should make tumors more sensitive to anticancer drugs. Here, we test this hypothesis across all major types of cancer from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, which provides genetic and expression data of 496 cell lines together with their response to 24 common anticancer drugs. We found that the efficacy of 9 out of 24 drugs showed significant association with genetic load in a pan-cancer analysis. The associations for some tissue-drug combinations were remarkably strong, with genetic load explaining up to 83% of the variance in the drug response. Overall, the role of genetic load depended on both the drug and the tissue type with 10 tissues being particularly vulnerable to genetic load. We also identified changes in gene expression associated with increased genetic load, which included cell-cycle checkpoints, DNA damage and apoptosis. Our results show that genetic load is an important component of tumor fitness and can predict drug sensitivity. Beyond being a biomarker, genetic load might be a new, unexplored vulnerability of cancer.

The methane absorption spectrum near 1.73 μm (5695-5850 cm-1): Empirical line lists at 80 K and 296 K and rovibrational assignments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghysels, M.; Mondelain, D.; Kassi, S.; Nikitin, A. V.; Rey, M.; Campargue, A.

2018-07-01

The methane absorption spectrum is studied at 297 K and 80 K in the center of the Tetradecad between 5695 and 5850 cm-1. The spectra are recorded by differential absorption spectroscopy (DAS) with a noise equivalent absorption of about αmin≈ 1.5 × 10-7 cm-1. Two empirical line lists are constructed including about 4000 and 2300 lines at 297 K and 80 K, respectively. Lines due to 13CH4 present in natural abundance were identified by comparison with a spectrum of pure 13CH4 recorded in the same temperature conditions. About 1700 empirical values of the lower state energy level, Eemp, were derived from the ratios of the line intensities at 80 K and 296 K. They provide accurate temperature dependence for most of the absorption in the region (93% and 82% at 80 K and 296 K, respectively). The quality of the derived empirical values is illustrated by the clear propensity of the corresponding lower state rotational quantum number, Jemp, to be close to integer values. Using an effective Hamiltonian model derived from a previously published ab initio potential energy surface, about 2060 lines are rovibrationnally assigned, adding about 1660 new assignments to those provided in the HITRAN database for 12CH4 in the region.

Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna With Reactive Loading

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davidson, Shayla E.

1988-01-01

Effective but bulky coaxial stub replaced. Short-circuited microstrip transmission line serves as reactive loading element for microstrip antenna. Constructed integrally with stripline radiating element, shorted line preserves low microstrip profile and enables tuning of antenna for two-band operation.

47 CFR 90.625 - Other criteria to be applied in assigning channels for use in conventional systems of communication.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... certifies on its application that a channel will be loaded to 70 mobile stations, that channel will be made... COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND SPECIAL RADIO SERVICES PRIVATE LAND MOBILE RADIO SERVICES... Policies Governing the Processing of Applications and the Selection and Assignment of Frequencies for Use...

Full-scale phosphorus recovery from digested waste water sludge in Belgium - part I: technical achievements and challenges.

PubMed

Marchi, A; Geerts, S; Weemaes, M; Schiettecatte, W; Wim, S; Vanhoof, C; Christine, V

2015-01-01

To date, phosphorus recovery as struvite in wastewater treatment plants has been mainly implemented on water phases resulting from dewatering processes of the sludge line. However, it is possible to recover struvite directly from sludge phases. Besides minimising the return loads of phosphorus from the sludge line to the water line, placing such a process within the sludge line is claimed to offer advantages such as a higher recovery potential, enhanced dewaterability of the treated sludge, and reduced speed of scaling in pipes and dewatering devices. In the wastewater treatment plant at Leuven (Belgium), a full-scale struvite recovery process from digested sludge has been tested for 1 year. Several monitoring campaigns and experiments provided indications of the efficiency of the process for recovery. The load of phosphorus from the sludge line returning to the water line as centrate accounted for 15% of the P-load of the plant in the reference situation. Data indicated that the process divides this phosphorus load by two. An improved dewaterability of 1.5% of dry solids content was achieved, provided a proper tuning of the installation. Quality analyses showed that the formed struvite was quite pure.

New assignment of 14N NQR spectral lines for tetrazoles derivatives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mamadazizov, Sultonazar; Shelyapina, Marina G.; Kupriyanova, Galina S.; Mozzhukhin, George V.

2018-04-01

In recent years, considerable interest has been shown in the study of tetrazole derivatives, which attract attention as highly nitrogenous compounds for use as an isosteric substitutes for various functional groups that leads to creation of novel biologically active substances. NQR techniques, being sensitive to the local environment of 14N nuclei, provide great opportunities to study these new substances. To make investigation of complex compounds containing tetrazoles derivatives easier and more reliable a correctly assigned 14N NQR spectra of tetrazoles are required. Here we report on the results of our DFT B3LYP calculations of 14N NQR spectral parameters (quadrupole coupling constant Qcc and the asymmetry parameter of the electric field gradient η) for tetrazole, 5-aminotetrazole and 5-aminotetrazole monohydrate. It has been found that the commonly accepted assignment of the 14N NQR spectral lines for these molecules is incorrect. A new assignment for these molecules is proposed.

30 CFR 75.705-3 - Work on energized high-voltage surface lines; reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Work on energized high-voltage surface lines... Work on energized high-voltage surface lines; reporting. Any operator designating and assigning qualified persons to perform repairs on energized high-voltage surface lines under the provisions of § 75...

Quadrupole splittings in the near-infrared spectrum of 14NH 3

DOE PAGES

Twagirayezu, Sylvestre; Hall, Gregory E.; Sears, Trevor J.

2016-10-13

Sub-Doppler, saturation dip, spectra of lines in the v 1 + v 3, v 1 + 2v 4 and v 3 + 2v 4 bands of 14NH 3 have been measured by frequency comb-referenced diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The observed spectral line widths are dominated by transit time broadening, and show resolved or partially-resolved hyperfine splittings that are primarily determined by the 14N quadrupole coupling. Modeling of the observed line shapes based on the known hyperfine level structure of the ground state of the molecule shows that, in nearly all cases, the excited state level has hyperfine splittings similar tomore » the same rotational level in the ground state. The data provide accurate frequencies for the line positions and easily separate lines overlapped in Doppler-limited spectra. The observed hyperfine splittings can be used to make and confirm rotational assignments and ground state combination differences obtained from the measured frequencies are comparable in accuracy to those obtained from conventional microwave spectroscopy. Furthermore, several of the measured transitions do not show the quadrupole hyperfine splittings expected based on their existing rotational assignments. Either the assignments are incorrect or the upper levels involved are perturbed in a way that affects the nuclear hyperfine structure.« less

MILP model for integrated balancing and sequencing mixed-model two-sided assembly line with variable launching interval and assignment restrictions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Azmi, N. I. L. Mohd; Ahmad, R.; Zainuddin, Z. M.

2017-09-01

This research explores the Mixed-Model Two-Sided Assembly Line (MMTSAL). There are two interrelated problems in MMTSAL which are line balancing and model sequencing. In previous studies, many researchers considered these problems separately and only few studied them simultaneously for one-sided line. However in this study, these two problems are solved simultaneously to obtain more efficient solution. The Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model with objectives of minimizing total utility work and idle time is generated by considering variable launching interval and assignment restriction constraint. The problem is analysed using small-size test cases to validate the integrated model. Throughout this paper, numerical experiment was conducted by using General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS) with the solver CPLEX. Experimental results indicate that integrating the problems of model sequencing and line balancing help to minimise the proposed objectives function.

Application of PSAT to Load Flow Analysis with STATCOM under Load Increase Scenario and Line Contingencies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Telang, Aparna S.; Bedekar, P. P.

2017-09-01

Load flow analysis is the initial and essential step for any power system computation. It is required for choosing better options for power system expansion to meet with ever increasing load demand. Implementation of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device like STATCOM, in the load flow, which is having fast and very flexible control, is one of the important tasks for power system researchers. This paper presents a simple and systematic approach for steady state power flow calculations with FACTS controller, static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) using command line usage of MATLAB tool-power system analysis toolbox (PSAT). The complexity of MATLAB language programming increases due to incorporation of STATCOM in an existing Newton-Raphson load flow algorithm. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is to show how command line usage of user friendly MATLAB tool, PSAT, can extensively be used for quicker and wider interpretation of the results of load flow with STATCOM. The novelty of this paper lies in the method of applying the load increase pattern, where the active and reactive loads have been changed simultaneously at all the load buses under consideration for creating stressed conditions for load flow analysis with STATCOM. The performance have been evaluated on many standard IEEE test systems and the results for standard IEEE-30 bus system, IEEE-57 bus system, and IEEE-118 bus system are presented.

Does Multimedia Support Individual Differences?--EFL Learners' Listening Comprehension and Cognitive Load

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yang, Hui-Yu

2014-01-01

The present study examines how display model, English proficiency and cognitive preference affect English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' listening comprehension of authentic videos and cognitive load degree. EFL learners were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The control group received single coding and the experimental group received…

Partner-based adherence intervention for second-line antiretroviral therapy (ACTG A5234): a multinational randomised trial.

PubMed

Gross, Robert; Zheng, Lu; La Rosa, Alberto; Sun, Xin; Rosenkranz, Susan L; Cardoso, Sandra Wagner; Ssali, Francis; Camp, Rob; Godfrey, Catherine; Cohn, Susan E; Robbins, Gregory K; Chisada, Anthony; Wallis, Carole L; Reynolds, Nancy R; Lu, Darlene; Safren, Steven A; Hosey, Lara; Severe, Patrice; Collier, Ann C

2015-01-01

Adherence is key to the success of antiretroviral therapy. Enhanced partner support might benefit patients with previous treatment failure. We aimed to assess whether an enhanced partner-based support intervention with modified directly observed therapy would improve outcomes with second-line therapy in HIV-infected patients for whom first-line therapy had failed. We did a multicentre, international, randomised clinical trial at nine sites in Botswana, Brazil, Haiti, Peru, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Participants aged 18 years or older for whom first-line therapy had failed, with HIV RNA concentrations greater than 1000 copies per mL and with a willing partner, were randomly assigned (1:1), via computer-generated randomisation, to receive partner-based modified directly observed therapy or standard of care. Randomisation was stratified by screening HIV RNA concentration (≤10 000 copies per mL vs >10 000 copies per mL). Participants and site investigators were not masked to group assignment. Primary outcome was confirmed virological failure (viral load >400 copies per mL) by week 48. Analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00608569. Between April 23, 2009, and Sept 29, 2011, we randomly assigned 259 participants to the modified directly observed therapy group (n=129) or the standard-of-care group (n=130). 34 (26%) participants in the modified directly observed therapy group achieved the primary endpoint of virological failure by week 48 compared with 23 (18%) participants in the standard-of-care group. The Kaplan-Meier estimated cumulative probability of virological failure by week 48 was 25·1% (95% CI 17·7-32·4) in the modified directly observed therapy group and 17·3% (10·8-23·7) in the standard-of-care group, for a weighted difference in standard of care versus modified directly observed therapy of -6·6% (95% CI -16·5% to 3·2%; p=0·19). 36 (14%) participants reported at least one grade 3 or higher adverse event or laboratory abnormality (n=21 in the modified directly observed therapy group and n=15 in the standard-of-care group). Partner-based training with modified directly observed therapy had no effect on virological suppression. The intervention does not therefore seem to be a promising strategy to increase adherence. Intensive follow-up with clinic staff might be a viable approach in this setting. AIDS Clinical Trials Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, US National Institutes of Health. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

76 FR 78620 - Notice of Intent To Grant an Exclusive License; Voltage Networking, LLC; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-19

... fourth line, the word ``non-assignable'' was incorrectly published. This notice corrects that error. FOR... Networking, LLC. Subsequent to the publication of that notice, DoD discovered that the word ``non-assignable...

High sensitive FBG load cell for icing of overhead transmission lines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mao, Naiqiang; Ma, Guoming; Li, Chengrong; Li, Yabo; Shi, Cheng; Du, Yue

2017-04-01

Heavy ice coating of overhead transmission lines created the serious threat on the safe operation of power grid. The measurement of conductor icing had been an effective and reliable methods to prevent potential risks, such as conductor breakage, insulator flashover and tower collapse. Because of the advantages of immunity to electromagnetic interference and no demand for power supply in site, the optical load cell has been widely applied in monitoring the ice coating of overhead transmission lines. In this paper, we have adopted the shearing structure with additional grooves as elastic element of load cell to detect the eccentric load. Then, two welding package fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) were mounted onto the grooves of elastic element with a direction deviation of 90° to eliminate temperature effects on strain measurement without extra FBG. After that, to avoid the occurrence of load cell breakage in heavy load measurement, the protection part has been proposed and added to the elastic element. The results of tension experiments indicate that the resolution of the load cell is 7.78 N in the conventional measuring range (0-10 kN). And in addition, the load cell proposed in this paper also has a good performance in actual experiment in which the load and temperature change simultaneously.

Measuring cognitive load: performance, mental effort and simulation task complexity.

PubMed

Haji, Faizal A; Rojas, David; Childs, Ruth; de Ribaupierre, Sandrine; Dubrowski, Adam

2015-08-01

Interest in applying cognitive load theory in health care simulation is growing. This line of inquiry requires measures that are sensitive to changes in cognitive load arising from different instructional designs. Recently, mental effort ratings and secondary task performance have shown promise as measures of cognitive load in health care simulation. We investigate the sensitivity of these measures to predicted differences in intrinsic load arising from variations in task complexity and learner expertise during simulation-based surgical skills training. We randomly assigned 28 novice medical students to simulation training on a simple or complex surgical knot-tying task. Participants completed 13 practice trials, interspersed with computer-based video instruction. On trials 1, 5, 9 and 13, knot-tying performance was assessed using time and movement efficiency measures, and cognitive load was assessed using subjective rating of mental effort (SRME) and simple reaction time (SRT) on a vibrotactile stimulus-monitoring secondary task. Significant improvements in knot-tying performance (F(1.04,24.95)  = 41.1, p < 0.001 for movements; F(1.04,25.90)  = 49.9, p < 0.001 for time) and reduced cognitive load (F(2.3,58.5)  = 57.7, p < 0.001 for SRME; F(1.8,47.3)  = 10.5, p < 0.001 for SRT) were observed in both groups during training. The simple-task group demonstrated superior knot tying (F(1,24)  = 5.2, p = 0.031 for movements; F(1,24)  = 6.5, p = 0.017 for time) and a faster decline in SRME over the first five trials (F(1,26)  = 6.45, p = 0.017) compared with their peers. Although SRT followed a similar pattern, group differences were not statistically significant. Both secondary task performance and mental effort ratings are sensitive to changes in intrinsic load among novices engaged in simulation-based learning. These measures can be used to track cognitive load during skills training. Mental effort ratings are also sensitive to small differences in intrinsic load arising from variations in the physical complexity of a simulation task. The complementary nature of these subjective and objective measures suggests their combined use is advantageous in simulation instructional design research. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Raman spectra of ruthenium and tantalum trimers in argon matrices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fang, Li; Shen, Xiaole; Chen, Xiaoyu; Lombardi, John R.

2000-12-01

The resonance Raman spectra of ruthenium trimers (Ru 3) in argon matrices have been obtained. Three resonance Raman transitions were observed between 570 and 590 nm. Two of them (303.4 and 603.7 cm -1) are assigned to the totally symmetric vibrational progression, giving k e=1.86 mdyne/ Å. The line at 581.5 cm-1 is assigned as the origin of a low-lying electronic state. We also report on the observation of a resonance Raman spectrum of tantalum trimers (Ta 3). Observed lines include 251.2 and 501.9 cm-1 which we assign to the fundamental and the first overtone of the symmetric stretch in Ta 3. This gives k e=2.25 mdyne/ Å.

Energy absorption device for shock loading

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Howard, C. D.; Lagrange, Donald E.; Beatty, David A.; Littman, David C.

1995-02-01

A shock energy absorbing device provides shock protection for the riser line employed to attach an aerodynamic deceleration device to a primary body during deployment of the system into an airstream. During deployment, for example, by dropping an unopened parachute and attached load or by rocket delivery of the unopened parachute and attached load, the parachute is made to open at a desired altitude whereupon very large shock tension forces are generated which are applied to the line. In order to protect the line from failing under these forces and to reduce the requirement for a bulky, heavy line, a shock absorber is provided in the form of a block having one or more breakable web portions formed therein and through which the riser line is threaded. Upon deployment of the system into an airstream, the shock tension forces operate to fracture some or all of the breakable web portions thereby dissipating the shock energy generated during deployment and protecting the riser line from failure.

An integrated tool to support engineers for WMSDs risk assessment during the assembly line balancing.

PubMed

Di Benedetto, Raffaele; Fanti, Michele

2012-01-01

This paper wants to present an integrated approach to Line Balancing and Risk Assessment and a Software Tool named ErgoAnalysis that makes it easy to control the whole production process and produces a Risk Index for the actual work tasks in an Assembly Line. Assembly Line Balancing, or simply Line Balancing, is the problem of assigning operations to workstations along an assembly line, in such a way that the assignment be optimal in some sense. Assembly lines are characterized by production constraints and restrictions due to several aspects such as the nature of the product and the flow of orders. To be able to respond effectively to the needs of production, companies need to frequently change the workload and production models. Each manufacturing process might be quite different from another. To optimize very specific operations, assembly line balancing might utilize a number of methods and the Engineer must consider ergonomic constraints, in order to reduce the risk of WMDSs. Risk Assessment may result very expensive because the Engineer must evaluate it at every change. ErgoAnalysis can reduce cost and improve effectiveness in Risk Assessment during the Line Balancing.

A-E Services to Perform a Cathodic Protection Survey of the Bulk Fuel Terminals at N.S.C. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Volume I.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-06-01

20) From VC-D to VC-E a. 8" Avgas Line - Coated Steel (21) From FC -E to Victor Dock #1 a. 12" Avgas Line - Coated Steel (22) From Air Force Scraper...14. Bldg. S776 3" Ballast Line to VC-2 - 775 3" Ballast Line to Loading Rack - 775 15. 6" Water Line, 10’ N of Bldg. S776 - 745 6" AFFF Line, N of...S776 3" Ballast line to VC-2 - 740 - 775 35 3" Ballast line to Loading Rack - 740 - 775 35 15. 6" Water line 10’ N of Bldg. S776 - 710 - 745 35 6" AFFF

Dry etch challenges for CD shrinkage in memory process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matsushita, Takaya; Matsumoto, Takanori; Mukai, Hidefumi; Kyoh, Suigen; Hashimoto, Kohji

2015-03-01

Line pattern collapse attracts attention as a new problem of the L&S formation in sub-20nm H.P feature. Line pattern collapse that occurs in a slight non-uniformity of adjacent CD (Critical dimension) space using double patterning process has been studied with focus on micro-loading effect in Si etching. Bias RF pulsing plasma etching process using low duty cycle helped increase of selectivity Si to SiO2. In addition to the effect of Bias RF pulsing process, the thin mask obtained from improvement of selectivity has greatly suppressed micro-loading in Si etching. However it was found that micro-loading effect worsen again in sub-20nm space width. It has been confirmed that by using cycle etch process to remove deposition with CFx based etching micro-loading effect could be suppressed. Finally, Si etching process condition using combination of results above could provide finer line and space without "line pattern collapse" in sub-20nm.

Effect of tornado loads on transmission lines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ishac, M.F.; White, H.B.

Of all the populated areas in Canada, southwestern Ontario has experienced the highest tornado incidence and faces the greatest tornado damage. About 1 or 2 tornadoes per 10,000 km{sup 2} can be expected there annually. The probability of a tornado strike at a given point is very small but the probability of a transmission line being crossed by a tornado is significant. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature related to tornadoes in Ontario and to investigate the effect of tornado loads on transmission lines. Based on this investigation a design basis tornado loading for transmission towersmore » is proposed.« less

Effect of tornado loads on transmission lines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ishac, M.F.; White, H.B.

1994-12-31

Of all the populated areas in Canada, southwestern Ontario has experienced the highest tornado incidence and faces the greatest tornado damage. About 1 or 2 tornadoes per 10,000 km{sup 2} can be expected there annually. The probability of a tornado strike at a given point is very small but the probability of a transmission line being crossed by a tornado is significant. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature related to tornadoes in Ontario and to investigate the effect of tornado loads on transmission lines. Based on this investigation a design basis tornado loading for transmission towersmore » is proposed.« less

Interactivity of Question Prompts and Feedback on Secondary Students' Science Knowledge Acquisition and Cognitive Load

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huang, Kun; Chen, Ching-Huei; Wu, Wen-Shiuan; Chen, Wei-Yu

2015-01-01

This study investigated how question prompts and feedback influenced knowledge acquisition and cognitive load when learning Newtonian mechanics within a web-based multimedia module. Participants were one hundred eighteen 9th grade students who were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions, forming a 2 x 2 factorial design with the…

The Effect of Hypertext Annotation Presentation Formats on Perceived Cognitive Load and Learner Control

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yao, Yuanming; Gill, Michele

2009-01-01

The impact of hypertext presentation formats on learner control and cognitive load was examined in this study using Campbell and Stanley's (1963) Posttest Only Control Group design. One hundred eighty-six undergraduate students were randomly assigned to read a web-based text with no annotations, online glossary annotations, embedded annotations,…

Comparison between effects of free curcumin and curcumin loaded NIPAAm-MAA nanoparticles on telomerase and PinX1 gene expression in lung cancer cells.

PubMed

Badrzadeh, Fariba; Akbarzadeh, Abolfazl; Zarghami, Nosratollah; Yamchi, Mohammad Rahmati; Zeighamian, Vahide; Tabatabae, Fateme Sadate; Taheri, Morteza; Kafil, Hossein Samadi

2014-01-01

Herbal compounds such as curcumin which decrease telomerase and gene expression have been considered as beneficial tools for lung cancer treatment. In this article, we compared the effects of pure curcumin and curcumin-loaded NIPAAm-MAA nanoparticles on telomerase and PinX1 gene expression in a lung cancer cell line. A tetrazolium-based assay was used for determination of cytotoxic effects of curcumin on the Calu-6 lung cancer cell line and telomerase and pinX1 gene expression was measured with real-time PCR. MTT assay showed that Curcumin-loaded NIPAAm-MAA inhibited the growth of the Calu-6 lung cancer cell line in a time and dose-dependent manner. Our q-PCR results showed that the expression of telomerase gene was effectively reduced as the concentration of curcumin-loaded NIPAAm-MAA increased while expression of the PinX1 gene became elevated. The results showed that curcumin- loaded- NIPAAm-MAA exerted cytotoxic effects on the Calu-6 cell line through down-regulation of telomerase and stimulation of pinX1 gene expression. NIPPAm-MAA could be good carrier for such kinds of hydrophobic agent.

47 CFR 32.6532 - Network administration expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... includes such activities as controlling traffic flow, administering traffic measuring and monitoring devices, assigning equipment and load balancing, collecting and summarizing traffic data, administering...

47 CFR 32.6532 - Network administration expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... includes such activities as controlling traffic flow, administering traffic measuring and monitoring devices, assigning equipment and load balancing, collecting and summarizing traffic data, administering...

47 CFR 32.6532 - Network administration expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... includes such activities as controlling traffic flow, administering traffic measuring and monitoring devices, assigning equipment and load balancing, collecting and summarizing traffic data, administering...

46 CFR 46.10-65 - Construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Construction. 46.10-65 Section 46.10-65 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-65 Construction. (a) The watertight subdivision of every passenger vessel...

46 CFR 46.10-65 - Construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Construction. 46.10-65 Section 46.10-65 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-65 Construction. (a) The watertight subdivision of every passenger vessel...

46 CFR 46.10-65 - Construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Construction. 46.10-65 Section 46.10-65 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-65 Construction. (a) The watertight subdivision of every passenger vessel...

46 CFR 46.10-65 - Construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Construction. 46.10-65 Section 46.10-65 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-65 Construction. (a) The watertight subdivision of every passenger vessel...

46 CFR 46.10-65 - Construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Construction. 46.10-65 Section 46.10-65 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-65 Construction. (a) The watertight subdivision of every passenger vessel...

47 CFR 69.414 - Lifeline assistance expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

....414 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED... interstate jurisdiction pursuant to § 36.741 shall be assigned to the Carrier Common Line element until March 31, 1989. Beginning April 1, 1989, such expenses shall be assigned to the Lifeline Assistance element. ...

Visual perceptual load induces inattentional deafness.

PubMed

Macdonald, James S P; Lavie, Nilli

2011-08-01

In this article, we establish a new phenomenon of "inattentional deafness" and highlight the level of load on visual attention as a critical determinant of this phenomenon. In three experiments, we modified an inattentional blindness paradigm to assess inattentional deafness. Participants made either a low- or high-load visual discrimination concerning a cross shape (respectively, a discrimination of line color or of line length with a subtle length difference). A brief pure tone was presented simultaneously with the visual task display on a final trial. Failures to notice the presence of this tone (i.e., inattentional deafness) reached a rate of 79% in the high-visual-load condition, significantly more than in the low-load condition. These findings establish the phenomenon of inattentional deafness under visual load, thereby extending the load theory of attention (e.g., Lavie, Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 25, 596-616, 1995) to address the cross-modal effects of visual perceptual load.

A sequential assignment procedure for proteins that have intermediate line widths in MAS NMR spectra: amyloid fibrils of human CA150.WW2.

PubMed

Becker, Johanna; Ferguson, Neil; Flinders, Jeremy; van Rossum, Barth-Jan; Fersht, Alan R; Oschkinat, Hartmut

2008-08-11

The second WW domain (WW2) of CA150, a human transcriptional activator, forms amyloid fibrils in vitro under physiological conditions. Based on experimental constraints from MAS NMR spectroscopy experiments, alanine scanning and electron microscopy, a structural model of CA150.WW2 amyloid fibrils was calculated earlier. Here, the assignment strategy is presented and suggested as a general approach for proteins that show intermediate line width. The (13)C,(13)C correlation experiments were recorded on fully or partially (13)C-labelled fibrils. The earlier (13)C assignment (26 residues) was extended to 34 of the 40 residues by direct (13)C-excitation experiments by using a deuterated sample that showed strongly improved line width. A 3D HNC-TEDOR (transferred-echo double-resonance) experiment with deuterated CA150.WW2 fibrils yielded 14 amide nitrogen and proton resonance assignments. The obtained chemical shifts were compared with the chemical shifts determined with the natively folded WW domain. TALOS (Torsion angle likelihood obtained from shift and sequence similarity) predictions confirmed that, under physiological conditions, the fibrillar form of CA150.WW2 adopts a significantly different beta structure than the native WW-domain fold.

46 CFR 46.10-50 - Drills and inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Drills and inspections. 46.10-50 Section 46.10-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-50 Drills and inspections. (a) For the required drills and...

46 CFR 45.117 - Freeing port area: General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES... on the freeboard deck and on the raised quarterdeck must be at least as great as A in the following... bearings of noncorrodible material. If shutters are fitted with securing appliances, these appliances must...

46 CFR 45.117 - Freeing port area: General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES... on the freeboard deck and on the raised quarterdeck must be at least as great as A in the following... bearings of noncorrodible material. If shutters are fitted with securing appliances, these appliances must...

46 CFR 45.117 - Freeing port area: General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES... on the freeboard deck and on the raised quarterdeck must be at least as great as A in the following... bearings of noncorrodible material. If shutters are fitted with securing appliances, these appliances must...

46 CFR 45.117 - Freeing port area: General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES... on the freeboard deck and on the raised quarterdeck must be at least as great as A in the following... bearings of noncorrodible material. If shutters are fitted with securing appliances, these appliances must...

46 CFR 45.117 - Freeing port area: General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES... on the freeboard deck and on the raised quarterdeck must be at least as great as A in the following... bearings of noncorrodible material. If shutters are fitted with securing appliances, these appliances must...

46 CFR 46.10-50 - Drills and inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Drills and inspections. 46.10-50 Section 46.10-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-50 Drills and inspections. (a) For the required drills and...

46 CFR 46.10-50 - Drills and inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Drills and inspections. 46.10-50 Section 46.10-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-50 Drills and inspections. (a) For the required drills and...

46 CFR 46.10-50 - Drills and inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Drills and inspections. 46.10-50 Section 46.10-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-50 Drills and inspections. (a) For the required drills and...

46 CFR 46.10-50 - Drills and inspections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Drills and inspections. 46.10-50 Section 46.10-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-50 Drills and inspections. (a) For the required drills and...

14 CFR 23.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for horizontal surfaces; and (3) W=weight of the movable... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Loads parallel to hinge line. 23.393 Section 23.393 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION...

14 CFR 23.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for horizontal surfaces; and (3) W=weight of the movable... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Loads parallel to hinge line. 23.393 Section 23.393 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION...

14 CFR 23.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for horizontal surfaces; and (3) W=weight of the movable... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Loads parallel to hinge line. 23.393 Section 23.393 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION...

14 CFR 23.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for horizontal surfaces; and (3) W=weight of the movable... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Loads parallel to hinge line. 23.393 Section 23.393 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION...

14 CFR 23.393 - Loads parallel to hinge line.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) K=24 for vertical surfaces; (2) K=12 for horizontal surfaces; and (3) W=weight of the movable... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loads parallel to hinge line. 23.393 Section 23.393 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION...

46 CFR 45.58 - Correction: Short superstructure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Correction: Short superstructure. 45.58 Section 45.58 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Freeboards § 45.58 Correction: Short superstructure. The minimum freeboard in summer for a type B vessel that...

46 CFR 45.58 - Correction: Short superstructure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Correction: Short superstructure. 45.58 Section 45.58 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Freeboards § 45.58 Correction: Short superstructure. The minimum freeboard in summer for a type B vessel that...

46 CFR 46.10-60 - Control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Control. 46.10-60 Section 46.10-60 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-60 Control. (a) The District Director of Customs or the Coast Guard District Commander may...

46 CFR 46.10-60 - Control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Control. 46.10-60 Section 46.10-60 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-60 Control. (a) The District Director of Customs or the Coast Guard District Commander may...

46 CFR 46.10-60 - Control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Control. 46.10-60 Section 46.10-60 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-60 Control. The Director, Field Operations (DFO) or the Coast Guard District Commander may...

46 CFR 46.10-60 - Control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Control. 46.10-60 Section 46.10-60 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-60 Control. The Director, Field Operations (DFO) or the Coast Guard District Commander may...

46 CFR 46.10-60 - Control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Control. 46.10-60 Section 46.10-60 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES SUBDIVISION LOAD LINES FOR PASSENGER VESSELS Administration § 46.10-60 Control. The Director, Field Operations (DFO) or the Coast Guard District Commander may...

46 CFR 47.100 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Purpose. 47.100 Section 47.100 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES COMBINATION LOAD LINES General § 47.100 Purpose. (a) The purpose of the regulations in this part is to set forth simplified alternative marking schemes for...

Optimal Cluster Mill Pass Scheduling With an Accurate and Rapid New Strip Crown Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Malik, Arif S.; Grandhi, Ramana V.; Zipf, Mark E.

2007-05-01

Besides the requirement to roll coiled sheet at high levels of productivity, the optimal pass scheduling of cluster-type reversing cold mills presents the added challenge of assigning mill parameters that facilitate the best possible strip flatness. The pressures of intense global competition, and the requirements for increasingly thinner, higher quality specialty sheet products that are more difficult to roll, continue to force metal producers to commission innovative flatness-control technologies. This means that during the on-line computerized set-up of rolling mills, the mathematical model should not only determine the minimum total number of passes and maximum rolling speed, it should simultaneously optimize the pass-schedule so that desired flatness is assured, either by manual or automated means. In many cases today, however, on-line prediction of strip crown and corresponding flatness for the complex cluster-type rolling mills is typically addressed either by trial and error, by approximate deflection models for equivalent vertical roll-stacks, or by non-physical pattern recognition style models. The abundance of the aforementioned methods is largely due to the complexity of cluster-type mill configurations and the lack of deflection models with sufficient accuracy and speed for on-line use. Without adequate assignment of the pass-schedule set-up parameters, it may be difficult or impossible to achieve the required strip flatness. In this paper, we demonstrate optimization of cluster mill pass-schedules using a new accurate and rapid strip crown model. This pass-schedule optimization includes computations of the predicted strip thickness profile to validate mathematical constraints. In contrast to many of the existing methods for on-line prediction of strip crown and flatness on cluster mills, the demonstrated method requires minimal prior tuning and no extensive training with collected mill data. To rapidly and accurately solve the multi-contact problem and predict the strip crown, a new customized semi-analytical modeling technique that couples the Finite Element Method (FEM) with classical solid mechanics was developed to model the deflection of the rolls and strip while under load. The technique employed offers several important advantages over traditional methods to calculate strip crown, including continuity of elastic foundations, non-iterative solution when using predetermined foundation moduli, continuous third-order displacement fields, simple stress-field determination, and a comparatively faster solution time.

Facilitation of the ESSEA On-Line Course for Middle School Teachers: A Key to Retention and Learning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Slattery, W.

2001-12-01

There are fundamental differences between an on-line course and a traditional face to face classroom course offering. On-line courses are front-loaded, that is, students taking on-line courses first have to navigate an unfamiliar website as they become familiar with the organization of the course. In addition, students in an on-line course in many cases have the stress of having to relate with an instructor and collaborate with colleagues that they may never meet. Many may be unfamiliar with the use of telecommunications technology. These forces can combine to produce students that become disillusioned with the on-line learning process, and consequently drop the course. The stress associated with an on-line course can be significantly reduced by the methods used by the facilitator of the course. Therefore, facilitation of an on-line course can be a key to student retention in on-line courses, and strengthen learning experiences for all students. The Earth System Science Education Alliance on-line course for practicing middle school teachers begins with a three week non-graded module designed to permit the facilitator and students to introduce themselves, provides opportunities to participants to explore the website, and allows participants to practice working with each other to develop Earth systems interactions. These group products are evaluated by the facilitator, and returned with detailed comments to the participants. Once graded work begins during the fourth week of the on-line course, it is guided by rubrics that assign higher value to products that contain multiple examples of supporting evidence of scientific assertions, are accurate, and express depth of reasoning. The facilitator guides participant learning through group threaded discussions, providing feedback for individual journal entries, and on-line comments and suggestions regarding classroom activities developed by the participants. Post-course evaluations suggest that K-12 teacher participants in the on-line Earth systems science course increase their content knowledge of Earth system science, develop proficiency in the use of telecommunications technology, and use the activities developed in the on-line course in their own classrooms. Their responses to evaluation instruments also indicate that the un-graded introductory module and facilitator support is critical to their success in the course.

Effects of partitioning and scheduling sparse matrix factorization on communication and load balance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Venugopal, Sesh; Naik, Vijay K.

1991-01-01

A block based, automatic partitioning and scheduling methodology is presented for sparse matrix factorization on distributed memory systems. Using experimental results, this technique is analyzed for communication and load imbalance overhead. To study the performance effects, these overheads were compared with those obtained from a straightforward 'wrap mapped' column assignment scheme. All experimental results were obtained using test sparse matrices from the Harwell-Boeing data set. The results show that there is a communication and load balance tradeoff. The block based method results in lower communication cost whereas the wrap mapped scheme gives better load balance.

Application of Hybrid Optimization-Expert System for Optimal Power Management on Board Space Power Station

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Momoh, James; Chattopadhyay, Deb; Basheer, Omar Ali AL

1996-01-01

The space power system has two sources of energy: photo-voltaic blankets and batteries. The optimal power management problem on-board has two broad operations: off-line power scheduling to determine the load allocation schedule of the next several hours based on the forecast of load and solar power availability. The nature of this study puts less emphasis on speed requirement for computation and more importance on the optimality of the solution. The second category problem, on-line power rescheduling, is needed in the event of occurrence of a contingency to optimally reschedule the loads to minimize the 'unused' or 'wasted' energy while keeping the priority on certain type of load and minimum disturbance of the original optimal schedule determined in the first-stage off-line study. The computational performance of the on-line 'rescheduler' is an important criterion and plays a critical role in the selection of the appropriate tool. The Howard University Center for Energy Systems and Control has developed a hybrid optimization-expert systems based power management program. The pre-scheduler has been developed using a non-linear multi-objective optimization technique called the Outer Approximation method and implemented using the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS). The optimization model has the capability of dealing with multiple conflicting objectives viz. maximizing energy utilization, minimizing the variation of load over a day, etc. and incorporates several complex interaction between the loads in a space system. The rescheduling is performed using an expert system developed in PROLOG which utilizes a rule-base for reallocation of the loads in an emergency condition viz. shortage of power due to solar array failure, increase of base load, addition of new activity, repetition of old activity etc. Both the modules handle decision making on battery charging and discharging and allocation of loads over a time-horizon of a day divided into intervals of 10 minutes. The models have been extensively tested using a case study for the Space Station Freedom and the results for the case study will be presented. Several future enhancements of the pre-scheduler and the 'rescheduler' have been outlined which include graphic analyzer for the on-line module, incorporating probabilistic considerations, including spatial location of the loads and the connectivity using a direct current (DC) load flow model.

High-resolution room temperature and jet-cooled spectroscopic investigation of 15NH3 in the ν1+ν3 band region (1.51 μm)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Földes, T.; Vanfleteren, T.; Rizopoulos, A.; Herman, M.; Vander Auwera, J.; Softley, T. P.; Di Lonardo, G.; Fusina, L.

2016-08-01

Spectra of 99% isotopically pure 15NH3 were recorded using cavity ring-down (CRD, 6567-6639 cm-1) and Fourier transform (FT, 6350-6985 cm-1) spectroscopy under jet cooled and room temperature conditions, respectively. Measured line positions on both data sets improve on literature values, in particular by one order of magnitude for the ν1+ν3 band. A room temperature list of line positions, with approximate line intensities, is provided, much more complete and precise than presently available. Line broadening effects in the CRD spectrum allowed lines with J‧‧‧- values between 0 and 3 to be identified. Ground state combination differences were used to refine the assignments, further assisted by intensity ratios between the two data sets. Reliable values for J, K and inversion symmetry of the ground state vibrational levels, as well as further information on a/s doublets could be obtained, updating and extending literature assignments.

Cost-effectiveness of HIV drug resistance testing to inform switching to second line antiretroviral therapy in low income settings.

PubMed

Phillips, Andrew; Cambiano, Valentina; Nakagawa, Fumiyo; Mabugu, Travor; Magubu, Travor; Miners, Alec; Ford, Debbie; Pillay, Deenan; De Luca, Andrea; Lundgren, Jens; Revill, Paul

2014-01-01

To guide future need for cheap resistance tests for use in low income settings, we assessed cost-effectiveness of drug resistance testing as part of monitoring of people on first line ART - with switching from first to second line ART being conditional on NNRTI drug resistance mutations being identified. An individual level simulation model of HIV transmission, progression and the effect of ART which accounts for adherence and resistance development was used to compare outcomes of various potential monitoring strategies in a typical low income setting in sub-Saharan Africa. Underlying monitoring strategies considered were based on clinical disease, CD4 count or viral load. Within each we considered a strategy in which no further measures are performed, one with a viral load measure to confirm failure, and one with both a viral load measure and a resistance test. Predicted outcomes were assessed over 2015-2025 in terms of viral suppression, first line failure, switching to second line regimen, death, HIV incidence, disability-adjusted-life-years averted and costs. Potential future low costs of resistance tests ($30) were used. The most effective strategy, in terms of DALYs averted, was one using viral load monitoring without confirmation. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for this strategy was $2113 (the same as that for viral load monitoring with confirmation). ART monitoring strategies which involved resistance testing did not emerge as being more effective or cost effective than strategies not using it. The slightly reduced ART costs resulting from use of resistance testing, due to less use of second line regimens, was of similar magnitude to the costs of resistance tests. Use of resistance testing at the time of first line failure as part of the decision whether to switch to second line therapy was not cost-effective, even though the test was assumed to be very inexpensive.

The Effects of Captions on Deaf Students' Content Comprehension, Cognitive Load, and Motivation in Online Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yoon, Joong-O.; Kim, Minjeong

2011-01-01

The authors examined the effects of captions on deaf students' content comprehension, cognitive load, and motivation in online learning. The participants in the study were 62 deaf adult students who had limited reading comprehension skills and used sign language as a first language. Participants were randomly assigned to either the control group…

The Relationship between Task-Induced Involvement Load and Learning New Words from Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nassaji, Hossein; Hu, Hsueh-chao Marcella

2012-01-01

This study investigated the relationship between task-induced involvement load and ESL learners' inferencing and learning word meanings from context. Thirty-two ESL learners were randomly assigned to one of three groups, with each group receiving a different version of a text that was assumed to differ from one another in terms of the degree of…

Determination of mean camber surfaces for wings having uniform chordwise loading and arbitrary spanwise loading in subsonic flow

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Katzoff, S; Faison, M Frances; Dubose, Hugh C

1954-01-01

The field of a uniformly loaded wing in subsonic flow is discussed in terms of the acceleration potential. It is shown that, for the design of such wings, the slope of the mean camber surface at any point can be determined by a line integration around the wing boundary. By an additional line integration around the wing boundary, this method is extended to include the case where the local section lift coefficient varies with spanwise location (the chordwise loading at every section still remaining uniform). For the uniformly loaded wing of polygonal plan form, the integrations necessary to determine the local slope of the surface and the further integration of the slopes to determine the ordinate can be done analytically. An outline of these integrations and the resulting formulas are included. Calculated results are given for a sweptback wing with uniform chordwise loading and a highly tapered spanwise loading, a uniformly loaded delta wing, a uniformly loaded sweptback wing, and the same sweptback wing with uniform chordwise loading but elliptical span load distribution.

77 FR 72349 - SBI International, Inc. v. Mr. Howard Finkel c/o Cosco Container Lines; Notice of Filing of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-05

... Cosco Container Lines; Notice of Filing of Complaint and Assignment Notice is given that a complaint has... registered in Florida, hereinafter ``Complainant,'' against Mr. Howard Finkel c/o Cosco Container Lines, hereinafter ``Respondent.'' Complainant alleges that ``4 refrigerated containers originating from the USA port...

On-line diagnosis of sequential systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sundstrom, R. J.

1973-01-01

A model for on-line diagnosis was investigated for discrete-time systems, and resettable sequential systems. Generalized notions of a realization are discussed along with fault tolerance and errors. Further investigation into the theory of on-line diagnosis is recommended for three levels: binary state-assigned level, logical circuit level, and the subsystem-network level.

Line Assignments and Position Measurements in Several Weak CO2 Bands between 4590 /cm and 7930/ cm

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giver, L. P.; Kshirsagar, R. J.; Freedman, R. C.; Chackerian, C.; Wattson, R. B.

1998-01-01

A substantial set of CO2 spectra from 4500 to 12000 /cm has been obtained at Ames with 1500 m path length using a Bomem DA8 FTS. The signal/noise was improved compared to prior spectra obtained in this laboratory by including a filter wheel limiting the band-pass of each spectrum to several hundred/cm. We have measured positions of lines in several weak bands not previously resolved in laboratory spectra. Using our positions and assignments of lines of the Q branch of the 31103-00001 vibrational band at 4591/cm, we have re-determined the rotational constants for the 31103f levels. Q-branch lines of this band were previously observed, but misassigned, in Venus spectra by Mandin. The current HITRAN values of the rotational constants for this level are incorrect due to the Q-branch misassignments. Our prior measurements of the 21122-00001 vibrational band at 7901/cm were limited to Q- and R-branch lines; with the improved signal/noise of these new spectra we have now measured lines in the weaker P branch.

Genetics of the connective tissue proteins: Assignment of the gene for human type I procollagen to chromosome 17 by analysis of cell hybrids and microcell hybrids*

PubMed Central

Raj, Cholappadi V. Sundar; Church, Robert L.; Klobutcher, Lawrence A.; Ruddle, Frank H.

1977-01-01

Somatic cell hybrids between mouse and human cell lines have been used to identify the specific chromosome that governs the synthesis of type I procollagen. Fourteen hybrid clones and subclones were derived independently from crosses between mouse parents [LM (thymidine kinase-negative) or A9 (hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase-negative)] and human cells (human diploid lung fibroblasts WI-38 or diploid skin fibroblasts GM5, GM17, and GM9). The cultures were labeled with [3H]proline in modified Eagle's medium without serum. Radioactive procollagens were purified from the medium by the method of Church et al. [(1974) J. Mol. Biol. 86, 785-799]. DEAE-cellulose chromatography was used to separate collagen and type I and type III procollagen. Human type I procollagen was assayed by double immunodiffusion analysis with type I procollagen antibodies prepared by immunizing rabbits with purified human type I procollagen. These analyses combined with karyology and isozyme analyses of each hybrid line have produced evidence for the assignment of the gene for human type I procollagen to chromosome 17. A human microcell-mouse hybrid cell line containing only human chromosome 17 was positive for human type I procollagen, lending further support to the assignment of the human type I procollagen gene to chromosome 17. Finally, by using a hybrid line containing only the long arm of human chromosome 17 translocated onto a mouse chromosome, the type I procollagen gene can be assigned more specifically to the long arm of chromosome 17. Images PMID:412188

New assignments in the submillimeter emission spectrum of the stratosphere

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carli, B.; Mencaraglia, F.; Bonetti, A.

1982-01-01

New line assignments in the spectrum of the stratospheric submillimeter emission, measured with unapodized resolution of 0.0033/cm, have been made. Positive evidence for the presence of symmetric and asymmetric ozone isotopes, water vapor excited to the (010) level, and HCN is given.

FRIB Cryogenic Distribution System and Status

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ganni, V.; Dixon, K.; Laverdure, N.; Yang, S.; Nellis, T.; Jones, S.; Casagrande, F.

2015-12-01

The MSU-FRIB cryogenic distribution system supports the 2 K primary, 4 K primary, and 35 - 55 K shield operation of more than 70 loads in the accelerator and the experimental areas. It is based on JLab and SNS experience with bayonet-type disconnects between the loads and the distribution system for phased commissioning and maintenance. The linac transfer line, which features three separate transfer line segments for additional independence during phased commissioning at 4 K and 2 K, connects the folded arrangement of 49 cryomodules and 4 superconducting dipole magnets and a fourth transfer line supports the separator area cryo loads. The pressure reliefs for the transfer line process lines, located in the refrigeration room outside the tunnel/accelerator area, are piped to be vented outdoors. The transfer line designs integrate supply and return flow paths into a combined vacuum space. The main linac distribution segments are produced in a small number of standard configurations; a prototype of one such configuration has been fabricated at Jefferson Lab and has been installed at MSU to support testing of a prototype FRIB cryomodule.

46 CFR 45.63 - Correction for sheer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Correction for sheer. 45.63 Section 45.63 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Freeboards § 45.63 Correction for sheer. (a) The minimum summer freeboard must be increased by the deficiency, or may be...

46 CFR 45.63 - Correction for sheer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Correction for sheer. 45.63 Section 45.63 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Freeboards § 45.63 Correction for sheer. (a) The minimum summer freeboard must be increased by the deficiency, or may be...

46 CFR 45.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Definitions. 45.3 Section 45.3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES General § 45.3 Definitions. As... the least moulded depth measured from the top of the keel or the length from the foreside of the stem...

46 CFR 45.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Definitions. 45.3 Section 45.3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES General § 45.3 Definitions. As... the least moulded depth measured from the top of the keel or the length from the foreside of the stem...

Unpacking the Complexity of Linear Equations from a Cognitive Load Theory Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ngu, Bing Hiong; Phan, Huy P.

2016-01-01

The degree of element interactivity determines the complexity and therefore the intrinsic cognitive load of linear equations. The unpacking of linear equations at the level of operational and relational lines allows the classification of linear equations in a hierarchical level of complexity. Mapping similar operational and relational lines across…

46 CFR 42.50-5 - International load line certificates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) __ (inches) (WNA) __ (inches) below (S). Allowance for fresh water for all freeboards __ (inches). (All... point of departure and the sea. 2. When a ship is in fresh water of unit density, the appropriate load line may be submerged by the amount of the fresh water allowance shown above. Where the density is...

46 CFR 44.05-35 - Form of load line certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) Below (S). *Allowance for fresh water for all freeboards (except on the Great Lakes) *Where seagoing steamers navigate a river or inland water, deeper loading is permitted corresponding to the weight of fuel... Regulations, the disk or diamond and the lines must be permanently marked by center punch marks or cutting. (2...

Effects of Requiring Students to Meet High Expectation Levels within an On-Line Homework Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weber, William J., Jr.

2010-01-01

On-line homework is becoming a larger part of mathematics classrooms each year. Thus, ways to maximize the effectiveness of on-line homework for both students and teachers must be investigated. This study sought to provide one possible answer to this aim, by requiring students to achieve at least 50% for any on-line homework assignment in order to…

75 FR 29310 - Opportunity for Designation in the Columbus, OH; Dallas, TX; and Decatur, IN Areas; Request for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-25

... areas, in the States of Michigan and Ohio are assigned to this official agency: In Michigan: Jackson... Route 127 at the Michigan-Ohio State line north to State Route 50; Bounded on the north by State Route...-Ohio State line. In Ohio: The northern Ohio State line east to the to the Ohio Pennsylvania State line...

Variations in cerebrospinal fluid viral loads among enterovirus genotypes in patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed meningitis due to enterovirus.

PubMed

Volle, Romain; Bailly, Jean-Luc; Mirand, Audrey; Pereira, Bruno; Marque-Juillet, Stéphanie; Chambon, Martine; Regagnon, Christel; Brebion, Amélie; Henquell, Cécile; Peigue-Lafeuille, Hélène; Archimbaud, Christine

2014-08-15

Acute enterovirus (EV) meningitis is a major cause of hospitalization among adults and children. It is caused by multiple EV genotypes assigned to 4 species (EV-A, EV-B, EV-C, and EV-D). We determined viral loads in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 156 patients of all ages with EV meningitis during a 5-year observational prospective study. The virus strains were genotyped, and their time origin was determined with Bayesian phylogenetic methods. The CSF viral loads ranged between 3.4 and 7.5 log10 copies/mL (median, 4.9 log10 copies/mL). They were higher in neonates than in infants and children (P = .02) but were comparable in adults. Viral loads were associated with EV genotypes (P < .001). The EV strains were identified in 152 of 156 patients and assigned to 23 genotypes within the EV-A and EV-B species. The most frequent genotypes, echoviruses 6 and 30, were associated with different viral loads (P < .001). The highest viral loads were in meningitis cases caused by coxsackievirus A9, B4, and B5 genotypes. Most patients infected by a same genotype were infected by a major virus variant of recent emergence. The variations in CSF viral loads in patients at the onset of EV meningitis are related to genotypic differences in the virus strains involved. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Complexity of line-seru conversion for different scheduling rules and two improved exact algorithms for the multi-objective optimization.

PubMed

Yu, Yang; Wang, Sihan; Tang, Jiafu; Kaku, Ikou; Sun, Wei

2016-01-01

Productivity can be greatly improved by converting the traditional assembly line to a seru system, especially in the business environment with short product life cycles, uncertain product types and fluctuating production volumes. Line-seru conversion includes two decision processes, i.e., seru formation and seru load. For simplicity, however, previous studies focus on the seru formation with a given scheduling rule in seru load. We select ten scheduling rules usually used in seru load to investigate the influence of different scheduling rules on the performance of line-seru conversion. Moreover, we clarify the complexities of line-seru conversion for ten different scheduling rules from the theoretical perspective. In addition, multi-objective decisions are often used in line-seru conversion. To obtain Pareto-optimal solutions of multi-objective line-seru conversion, we develop two improved exact algorithms based on reducing time complexity and space complexity respectively. Compared with the enumeration based on non-dominated sorting to solve multi-objective problem, the two improved exact algorithms saves computation time greatly. Several numerical simulation experiments are performed to show the performance improvement brought by the two proposed exact algorithms.

Studies on pulsed optogalvanic effect in Eu/Ne hollow cathode discharge.

PubMed

Saini, V K; Kumar, P; Dixit, S K; Nakhe, S V

2014-07-01

The optogalvanic (OG) effect has been observed in a Eu/Ne hollow cathode discharge lamp using pulsed laser irradiation. An OG spectrum is recorded in dye laser wavelength region 574–602 nm using a boxcar-averager. In total 41 atomic lines are observed. Of these, 38 lines are assigned to neon transitions. Two lines observed corresponding to wavelengths 576.519 and 601.815 nm are assigned to europium transitions; (4f 7 6s 2 , S 8 7/2 →4f 7 6s6p , zP 6 7/2 ) and (4f 7 6s 2 , S 8 7/2 →4f 7 6s6p , zP 8 9/2 ), respectively, and the remaining line at 582.475 nm could not be assigned. The effect of the discharge current on europium as well as neon OG signals is also studied. At moderate discharge current values, an extra positive peak is observed in neon OG signal for the transition (1s 5 →2p 2 ) at 588.189 nm, which is explained by Penning-ionization process using the quasi-resonant energy transfer interactions between excited neon and europium atoms lying in 2p 2 and D 10 9/2 states, respectively.

Development and implementation of a novel measure for quantifying training loads in rowing: the T2minute method.

PubMed

Tran, Jacqueline; Rice, Anthony J; Main, Luana C; Gastin, Paul B

2014-04-01

The systematic management of training requires accurate training load measurement. However, quantifying the training of elite Australian rowers is challenging because of (a) the multicenter, multistate structure of the national program; (b) the variety of training undertaken; and (c) the limitations of existing methods for quantifying the loads accumulated from varied training formats. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to develop a new measure for quantifying training loads in rowing (the T2minute method). Sport scientists and senior coaches at the National Rowing Center of Excellence collaborated to develop the measure, which incorporates training duration, intensity, and mode to quantify a single index of training load. To account for training at different intensities, the method uses standardized intensity zones (T zones) established at the Australian Institute of Sport. Each zone was assigned a weighting factor according to the curvilinear relationship between power output and blood lactate response. Each training mode was assigned a weighting factor based on whether coaches perceived it to be "harder" or "easier" than on-water rowing. A common measurement unit, the T2minute, was defined to normalize sessions in different modes to a single index of load; one T2minute is equivalent to 1 minute of on-water single scull rowing at T2 intensity (approximately 60-72% VO2max). The T2minute method was successfully implemented to support national training strategies in Australian high performance rowing. By incorporating duration, intensity, and mode, the T2minute method extends the concepts that underpin current load measures, providing 1 consistent system to quantify loads from varied training formats.

Load balance in total knee arthroplasty: an in vitro analysis.

PubMed

El-Hawary, Ron; Roth, Sandra E; King, Graham J W; Chess, David G; Johnson, James A

2006-09-01

One of the goals of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to balance the loads between the compartments of the knee. An instrumented load cell that measures compartment loads in real time is utilized to evaluate conventional, qualitative methods of achieving this balance. TKA was performed on 10 cadaveric knees. Prior to and after load balancing, compartment forces were measured at flexion angles of 0-90 degrees. Knees were randomly assigned into one of two groups, based upon whether or not the surgeons could visualize the load cell's output during balancing. Prior to attempting load balance, there were significant differences between the medial and lateral compartment loads for all knees (p < 0.05). After attempting balance with the aid of the load cell, there was equal load balance at all angles studied. Without the aid of the load cell, balance was not consistently achieved at every angle. Conventional load balancing techniques in TKA are not perfect. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Raltegravir in second-line antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings (SELECT): a randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority study.

PubMed

La Rosa, Alberto M; Harrison, Linda J; Taiwo, Babafemi; Wallis, Carole L; Zheng, Lu; Kim, Peter; Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran; Hosseinipour, Mina C; Jarocki, Bernadette; Mellors, John W; Collier, Ann C

2016-06-01

For second-line antiretroviral therapy, WHO recommends a boosted protease inhibitor plus nucleoside or nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). However, concerns about toxicity and cross-resistance motivated a search for regimens that do not contain NRTIs. We aimed to assess whether boosted lopinavir plus raltegravir would be non-inferior to boosted lopinavir plus NRTIs for virological suppression in resource-limited settings. A5273 was a randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority study at 15 AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) research sites in nine resource-limited countries (three sites each in India and South Africa, two each in Malawi and Peru, and one each in Brazil, Kenya, Tanzania, Thailand, and Zimbabwe). Adults with plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations of at least 1000 copies per mL after at least 24 weeks on a regimen based on a non-NRTI inhibitor were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive oral ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (100 mg ritonavir, 400 mg lopinavir) plus 400 mg raltegravir twice a day (raltegravir group) or to ritonavir-boosted lopinavir plus two or three NRTIs selected from an algorithm (eg, zidovudine after failure with tenofovir and vice versa; NRTI group). Randomised group assignment was done with a computer algorithm concealed to site personnel, and stratified by HIV-1 RNA viral load, CD4 cell count, and intention to use zidovudine, with the groups balanced by each site. The primary endpoint was time to confirmed virological failure (two measurements of HIV-1 RNA viral load >400 copies per mL) at or after week 24 in the intention-to-treat population. Non-inferiority (10% margin) was assessed by comparing the cumulative probability of virological failure by 48 weeks. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01352715. Between March 13, 2012, and Oct 2, 2013, we randomly assigned 515 participants: 260 to the raltegravir group and 255 to the NRTI group; two participants in the raltegravir group and one in the NRTI group were excluded from analyses because of ineligibility. By the end of follow-up (October, 2014), 96 participants had virological failure (46 in the raltegravir group and 50 in the NRTI group). By 48 weeks, the cumulative probability of virological failure was 10·3% (95% CI 6·5-14·0) in the raltegravir group and 12·4% (8·3-16·5) in the NRTI group, with a weighted difference of -3·4% (-8·4 to 1·5), indicating that raltegravir was non-inferior, but not superior, to NRTIs. 62 (24%) participants in the raltegravir group and 81 (32%) in the NRTI group had grade 3 or higher adverse events; 19 (7%) and 29 (11%), respectively, had serious adverse events. Three participants in each group died, all from HIV-related causes. In settings with extensive NRTI resistance but no available resistance testing, our data support WHO's recommendation for ritonavir-boosted lopinavir plus NRTI for second-line antiretroviral therapy. Ritonavir-boosted lopinavir plus raltegravir is an appropriate alternative, especially if NRTI use is limited by toxicity. National Institutes of Health. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Improving mechanical properties of maxillary complete dentures through a bioinspired engineering design.

PubMed

White, James A P; Bond, Ian P; Jagger, Daryll C

2011-01-01

This study investigated how ribbed design features, including palatal rugae, may be used to significantly improve the structural performance of a maxillary denture under load. A computer-aided design model of a generic maxillary denture, incorporating various rib features, was created and imported into a finite element analysis program. The denture and ribbed features were assigned the material properties of standard denture acrylic resin, and load was applied in two different ways: the first simulating a three-point flexural bend of the posterior section and the second simulating loading of the entire palatal region. To investigate the combined use of ribbing and reinforcement, the same simulations were repeated with the ribbed features having a Young modulus two orders of magnitude greater than denture acrylic resin. For a prescribed load, total displacements of tracking nodes were compared to those of a control denture (without ribbing) to assess relative denture rigidity. When subjected to flexural loading, an increase in rib depth was seen to result in a reduction of both the transverse displacement of the last molar and vertical displacement at the centerline. However, ribbed features assigned the material properties of denture acrylic resin require a depth that may impose on speech and bolus propulsion before significant improvements are observed. The use of ribbed features, when made from a significantly stiffer material (eg, fiber-reinforced polymer) and designed to mimic palatal rugae, offer an acceptable method of providing significant improvements in rigidity to a maxillary denture under flexural load.

Design and development of line type modulators for high impedance electron gun

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dixit, Kavita P.; Tillu, Abhijit; Chavan, Ramchandra

Conventional line type modulators are routinely used for powering pulsed power microwave devices such as magnetrons and klystrons used for radar, medical and scientific applications. The load impedance (operating point) is fairly well defined in these cases, and makes the design of the discharging circuit of the modulator straight forward. This paper describes the Line type modulators that have been developed and being routinely used for powering the Triode Electron Gun of industrial electron linacs. The beam parameters of such guns are user defined and the pulse current varies from few mA to 800mA (typ). The beam energies requirement variesmore » from 40 keV to 80 keV. Hence the impedance offered by the electron gun to the power source (modulator) is not well defined. The load capacitance which is inclusive of the various stray capacitances along with the intrinsic gun capacitance is ∼ 200-400 pF. This capacitance, which depends on the configuration, shunts the load and makes the effective load highly capacitive with the resistive part varying over a wide range. The paper describes the design and development of conventional line type modulators for powering Electron gun load of the type described above. (author)« less

Effect of Roller Geometry on Roller Bearing Load-Life Relation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Oswald, Fred B.; Zaretsky, Erwin V.; Poplawski, Joseph V.

2015-01-01

Cylindrical roller bearings typically employ roller profile modification to equalize load distribution, minimize stress concentration at roller ends and allow for a small amount of misalignment. The 1947 Lundberg-Palmgren analysis reported an inverse fourth power relation between load and life for roller bearings with line contact. In 1952, Lundberg and Palmgren changed their load-life exponent to 10/3 for roller bearings, assuming mixed line and point contact. The effect of roller-crown profile was reanalyzed in this paper to determine the actual load-life relation for modified roller profiles. For uncrowned rollers (line contact), the load-life exponent is p = 4, in agreement with the 1947 Lundberg-Palmgren value but crowning reduces the value of the exponent, p. The lives of modern roller bearings made from vacuum-processed steels significantly exceed those predicted by the Lundberg-Palmgren theory. The Zaretsky rolling-element bearing life model of 1996 produces a load-life exponent of p = 5 for flat rollers, which is more consistent with test data. For the Zaretsky model with fully crowned rollers p = 4.3. For an aerospace profile and chamfered rollers, p = 4.6. Using the 1952 Lundberg-Palmgren value p = 10/3, the value incorporated in ANSI/ABMA and ISO bearing standards, can create significant life calculation errors for roller bearings.

Preliminary In-Flight Loads Analysis of In-Line Launch Vehicles using the VLOADS 1.4 Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Graham, J. B.; Luz, P. L.

1998-01-01

To calculate structural loads of in-line launch vehicles for preliminary design, a very useful computer program is VLOADS 1.4. This software may also be used to calculate structural loads for upper stages and planetary transfer vehicles. Launch vehicle inputs such as aerodynamic coefficients, mass properties, propellants, engine thrusts, and performance data are compiled and analyzed by VLOADS to produce distributed shear loads, bending moments, axial forces, and vehicle line loads as a function of X-station along the vehicle's length. Interface loads, if any, and translational accelerations are also computed. The major strength of the software is that it enables quick turnaround analysis of structural loads for launch vehicles during the preliminary design stage of its development. This represents a significant improvement over the alternative-the time-consuming, and expensive chore of developing finite element models. VLOADS was developed as a Visual BASIC macro in a Microsoft Excel 5.0 work book on a Macintosh. VLOADS has also been implemented on a PC computer using Microsoft Excel 7.0a for Windows 95. VLOADS was developed in 1996, and the current version was released to COSMIC, NASA's Software Technology Transfer Center, in 1997. The program is a copyrighted work with all copyright vested in NASA.

47 CFR 69.306 - Central office equipment (COE).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... exchange carrier's signalling transfer point and the database shall be assigned to the Line Information Database subelement at § 69.120(a). All other COE Category 2 shall be assigned to the interexchange... requirement. Non-price cap local exchange carriers may use thirty percent of the interstate Local Switching...

47 CFR 36.154 - Exchange Line Cable and Wire Facilities (C&WF)-Category 1-apportionment procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... jurisdictions shall be updated annually as specified in § 36.154(b). [52 FR 17229, May 6, 1987, as amended at 53... services. (b) The costs assigned to subcategories 1.1 and 1.2 shall be directly assigned to the appropriate...

47 CFR 36.154 - Exchange Line Cable and Wire Facilities (C&WF)-Category 1-apportionment procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... jurisdictions shall be updated annually as specified in § 36.154(b). [52 FR 17229, May 6, 1987, as amended at 53... services. (b) The costs assigned to subcategories 1.1 and 1.2 shall be directly assigned to the appropriate...

Differential effects of cognitive load on emotion: Emotion maintenance versus passive experience.

PubMed

DeFraine, William C

2016-06-01

Two separate lines of research have examined the effects of cognitive load on emotional processing with similar tasks but seemingly contradictory results. Some research has shown that the emotions elicited by passive viewing of emotional images are reduced by subsequent cognitive load. Other research has shown that such emotions are not reduced by cognitive load if the emotions are actively maintained. The present study sought to compare and resolve these 2 lines of research. Participants either passively viewed negative emotional images or maintained the emotions elicited by the images, and after a delay rated the intensity of the emotion they were feeling. Half of trials included a math task during the delay to induce cognitive load, and the other half did not. Results showed that cognitive load reduced the intensity of negative emotions during passive-viewing of emotional images but not during emotion maintenance. The present study replicates the findings of both lines of research, and shows that the key factor is whether or not emotions are actively maintained. Also, in the context of previous emotion maintenance research, the present results support the theoretical idea of a separable emotion maintenance process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Vessel Loading Observations

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-01-01

Vessel Loading Observations Procedures for P.L. 480, Titles II & III, : Section 416(b) and Food for Progress programs. Notice advises steamship lines and other interested parties that the vessel loading observation (VLO) procedure will continue to be...

Finite Element Modeling and Analysis of Mars Entry Aeroshell Baseline Concept

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ahmed, Samee W.; Lane, Brittney M.

2017-01-01

The structure that is developed and analyzed in this project must be able to survive all the various load conditions that it will encounter along its course to Mars with the minimal amount of weight and material. At this stage, the goal is to study the capability of the structure using a finite element model (FEM). This FEM is created using a python script, and is numerically solved in Nastran. The purpose of the model is to achieve an optimization of mass given specific constraints on launch and entry. The generation and analysis of the baseline Rigid Mid-Range Lift to Drag Ratio Aeroshell model is a continuation and an improvement on previous work done for the FEM. The model is generated using Python programming with the axisymmetric placement of nodes for beam and shell elements. The shells are assigned a honeycomb sandwich material with an aluminum honeycomb core and composite face sheets, and the beams are assigned the same material as the shell face sheets. There are two load cases assigned to the model: Earth launch and Mars entry. The Earth launch case consists of pressure, gravity, and vibration loads, and the Mars entry case consists of just pressure and gravity loads. The Earth launch case was determined to be the driving case, though the analyses are performed for both cases to ensure the constraints are satisfied. The types of analysis performed with the model are design optimization, statics, buckling, normal modes, and frequency response, the last of which is only for the Earth launch load case. The final results indicated that all of the requirements are satisfied except the thermal limits, which could not yet be tested, and the normal modes for the Mars entry. However, the frequency limits during Mars entry are expected to be much higher than the lower frequency limits set for the analysis. In addition, there are still improvements that can be made in order to reduce the weight while still meeting all requirements.

Gas Breakdown in the Sub-Nanosecond Regime with Voltages Below 15 KV

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

needle -plane gap with outer coaxial conductor, and a 50-Ω load line. The needle consists of tungsten and has a radius of curvature below 0.5 µm. The...here gas breakdown during nanosecond pulses occurs mainly as corona discharges on wire antennas, and represents an unwanted effect - General...risetime between 400 ps to1 ns), 50-W transmission line, axial needle -plane gap with outer coaxial conductor, and a 50-W load line. The needle consists of

Method and system employing graphical electric load categorization to identify one of a plurality of different electric load types

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yang, Yi; Du, Liang

A system for different electric loads includes sensors structured to sense voltage and current signals for each of the different electric loads; a hierarchical load feature database having a plurality of layers, with one of the layers including a plurality of different load categories; and a processor. The processor acquires voltage and current waveforms from the sensors for a corresponding one of the different electric loads; maps a voltage-current trajectory to a grid including a plurality of cells, each of which is assigned a binary value of zero or one; extracts a plurality of different features from the mapped gridmore » of cells as a graphical signature of the corresponding one of the different electric loads; derives a category of the corresponding one of the different electric loads from the database; and identifies one of a plurality of different electric load types for the corresponding one of the different electric loads.« less

The Effects of Response Modes and Cues on Language Learning, Cognitive Load and Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Web-Based Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Ching-Huei; Huang, Kun

2014-01-01

An experiment was conducted to examine how different response modes for practice questions and the presence or absence of cues influenced students' self-efficacy beliefs, perceived cognitive load, and performance in language recall and recognition tasks. One hundred fifty-seven 6th grade students were randomly assigned to one of four conditions:…

The Impact of Control Belief and Learning Disorientation on Cognitive Load: The Mediating Effect of Academic Emotions in Two Types of Hypermedia Learning Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sunawan; Xiong, Junmei

2017-01-01

The present study tested the influence of control belief, learning disorientation, and academic emotions on cognitive load in two types of concept-map structures within hypermedia learning environment. Four hundred and eighty-five students were randomly assigned to two groups: 245 students in the hierarchical group and 240 students in the…

Teaching Gene Technology in an Outreach Lab: Students' Assigned Cognitive Load Clusters and the Clusters' Relationships to Learner Characteristics, Laboratory Variables, and Cognitive Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scharfenberg, Franz-Josef; Bogner, Franz X.

2013-01-01

This study classified students into different cognitive load (CL) groups by means of cluster analysis based on their experienced CL in a gene technology outreach lab which has instructionally been designed with regard to CL theory. The relationships of the identified student CL clusters to learner characteristics, laboratory variables, and…

46 CFR 45.51 - Types of ships.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Types of ships. 45.51 Section 45.51 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Freeboards § 45.51 Types of ships. (a) For the purpose of this subpart, a type A vessel has— (1) No cargo ports or similar sideshell...

46 CFR 45.51 - Types of ships.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Types of ships. 45.51 Section 45.51 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Freeboards § 45.51 Types of ships. (a) For the purpose of this subpart, a type A vessel has— (1) No cargo ports or similar sideshell...

46 CFR 45.51 - Types of ships.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Types of ships. 45.51 Section 45.51 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Freeboards § 45.51 Types of ships. (a) For the purpose of this subpart, a type A vessel has— (1) No cargo ports or similar sideshell...

46 CFR 45.51 - Types of ships.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Types of ships. 45.51 Section 45.51 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Freeboards § 45.51 Types of ships. (a) For the purpose of this subpart, a type A vessel has— (1) No cargo ports or similar sideshell...

46 CFR 45.51 - Types of ships.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Types of ships. 45.51 Section 45.51 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Freeboards § 45.51 Types of ships. (a) For the purpose of this subpart, a type A vessel has— (1) No cargo ports or similar sideshell...

46 CFR 42.50-15 - Coastwise load line certificates for U.S.-flag vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... center of ring. Winter __ (inches) (W) __ (inches) below (S). Allowance for fresh water for all... point of departure and the sea. 2. When a ship is in fresh water of unit density the appropriate load line may be submerged by the amount of the fresh water allowance shown above. Where the density is...

Another Way to Divide a Line Segment into "n" Equal Parts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Besteman, Nathan; Ferdinands, John

2005-01-01

Another way to divide a line segment discovered by Nathan Besteman is described along with Euclid's and the GLaD construction. The related projects and problems that teachers of geometry can assign to their students are also presented.

Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of chevron-notched fracture specimens

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Raju, I. S.; Newman, J. C., Jr.

1984-01-01

Stress-intensity factors and load-line displacements were calculated for chevron-notched bar and rod fracture specimens using a three-dimensional finite-element analysis. Both specimens were subjected to simulated wedge loading (either uniform applied displacement or uniform applied load). The chevron-notch sides and crack front were assumed to be straight. Crack-length-to-specimen width ratios (a/w) ranged from 0.4 to 0.7. The width-to-thickness ratio (w/B) was 1.45 or 2. The bar specimens had a height-to-width ratio of 0.435 or 0.5. Finite-element models were composed of singularity elements around the crack front and 8-noded isoparametric elements elsewhere. The models had about 11,000 degrees of freedom. Stress-intensity factors were calculated by using a nodal-force method for distribution along the crack front and by using a compliance method for average values. The stress intensity factors and load-line displacements are presented and compared with experimental solutions from the literature. The stress intensity factors and load-line displacements were about 2.5 and 5 percent lower than the reported experimental values, respectively.

Prediction of wax buildup in 24 inch cold, deep sea oil loading line

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Asperger, R.G.; Sattler, R.E.; Tolonen, W.J.

1981-10-01

When designing pipelines for cold environments, it is important to know how to predict potential problems due to wax deposition on the pipeline's inner surface. The goal of this work was to determine the rate of wax buildup and the maximum, equlibrium wax thickness for a North Sea field loading line. The experimental techniques and results used to evaluate the waxing potential of the crude oil (B) are described. Also, the theoretic model which was used for predicting the maximum wax deposit thickness in the crude oil (B) loading pipeline at controlled temperatures of 40 F (4.4 C) and 100more » F (38 C), is illustrated. Included is a recommendation of a procedure for using hot oil at the end of a tanker loading period in order to dewax the crude oil (B) line. This technique would give maximum heating of the pipeline and should be followed by shutting the hot oil into the pipeline at the end of the loading cycle which will provide a hot oil soaking to help soften existing wax. 14 references.« less

Low power, scalable multichannel high voltage controller

DOEpatents

Stamps, James Frederick [Livermore, CA; Crocker, Robert Ward [Fremont, CA; Yee, Daniel Dadwa [Dublin, CA; Dils, David Wright [Fort Worth, TX

2006-03-14

A low voltage control circuit is provided for individually controlling high voltage power provided over bus lines to a multitude of interconnected loads. An example of a load is a drive for capillary channels in a microfluidic system. Control is distributed from a central high voltage circuit, rather than using a number of large expensive central high voltage circuits to enable reducing circuit size and cost. Voltage is distributed to each individual load and controlled using a number of high voltage controller channel switches connected to high voltage bus lines. The channel switches each include complementary pull up and pull down photo isolator relays with photo isolator switching controlled from the central high voltage circuit to provide a desired bus line voltage. Switching of the photo isolator relays is further controlled in each channel switch using feedback from a resistor divider circuit to maintain the bus voltage swing within desired limits. Current sensing is provided using a switched resistive load in each channel switch, with switching of the resistive loads controlled from the central high voltage circuit.

Low power, scalable multichannel high voltage controller

DOEpatents

Stamps, James Frederick [Livermore, CA; Crocker, Robert Ward [Fremont, CA; Yee, Daniel Dadwa [Dublin, CA; Dils, David Wright [Fort Worth, TX

2008-03-25

A low voltage control circuit is provided for individually controlling high voltage power provided over bus lines to a multitude of interconnected loads. An example of a load is a drive for capillary channels in a microfluidic system. Control is distributed from a central high voltage circuit, rather than using a number of large expensive central high voltage circuits to enable reducing circuit size and cost. Voltage is distributed to each individual load and controlled using a number of high voltage controller channel switches connected to high voltage bus lines. The channel switches each include complementary pull up and pull down photo isolator relays with photo isolator switching controlled from the central high voltage circuit to provide a desired bus line voltage. Switching of the photo isolator relays is further controlled in each channel switch using feedback from a resistor divider circuit to maintain the bus voltage swing within desired limits. Current sensing is provided using a switched resistive load in each channel switch, with switching of the resistive loads controlled from the central high voltage circuit.

Assessment of second-line antiretroviral regimens for HIV therapy in Africa.

PubMed

Paton, Nicholas I; Kityo, Cissy; Hoppe, Anne; Reid, Andrew; Kambugu, Andrew; Lugemwa, Abbas; van Oosterhout, Joep J; Kiconco, Mary; Siika, Abraham; Mwebaze, Raymond; Abwola, Mary; Abongomera, George; Mweemba, Aggrey; Alima, Hillary; Atwongyeire, Dickens; Nyirenda, Rose; Boles, Justine; Thompson, Jennifer; Tumukunde, Dinah; Chidziva, Ennie; Mambule, Ivan; Arribas, Jose R; Easterbrook, Philippa J; Hakim, James; Walker, A Sarah; Mugyenyi, Peter

2014-07-17

The efficacy and toxic effects of nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are uncertain when these agents are used with a protease inhibitor in second-line therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in resource-limited settings. Removing the NRTIs or replacing them with raltegravir may provide a benefit. In this open-label trial in sub-Saharan Africa, we randomly assigned 1277 adults and adolescents with HIV infection and first-line treatment failure to receive a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (lopinavir-ritonavir) plus clinician-selected NRTIs (NRTI group, 426 patients), a protease inhibitor plus raltegravir in a superiority comparison (raltegravir group, 433 patients), or protease-inhibitor monotherapy after 12 weeks of induction therapy with raltegravir in a noninferiority comparison (monotherapy group, 418 patients). The primary composite end point, good HIV disease control, was defined as survival with no new World Health Organization stage 4 events, a CD4+ count of more than 250 cells per cubic millimeter, and a viral load of less than 10,000 copies per milliliter or 10,000 copies or more with no protease resistance mutations at week 96 and was analyzed with the use of imputation of data (≤4%). Good HIV disease control was achieved in 60% of the patients (mean, 255 patients) in the NRTI group, 64% of the patients (mean, 277) in the raltegravir group (P=0.21 for the comparison with the NRTI group; superiority of raltegravir not shown), and 55% of the patients (mean, 232) in the monotherapy group (noninferiority of monotherapy not shown, based on a 10-percentage-point margin). There was no significant difference in rates of grade 3 or 4 adverse events among the three groups (P=0.82). The viral load was less than 400 copies per milliliter in 86% of patients in the NRTI group, 86% in the raltegravir group (P=0.97), and 61% in the monotherapy group (P<0.001). When given with a protease inhibitor in second-line therapy, NRTIs retained substantial virologic activity without evidence of increased toxicity, and there was no advantage to replacing them with raltegravir. Virologic control was inferior with protease-inhibitor monotherapy. (Funded by European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership and others; EARNEST Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN37737787, and ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00988039.).

Computerized Modeling and Loaded Tooth Contact Analysis of Hypoid Gears Manufactured by Face Hobbing Process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nishino, Takayuki

The face hobbing process has been widely applied in automotive industry. But so far few analytical tools have been developed. This makes it difficult for us to optimize gear design. To settle this situation, this study aims at developing a computerized tool to predict the running performances such as loaded tooth contact pattern, static transmission error and so on. First, based upon kinematical analysis of a cutting machine, a mathematical description of tooth surface generation is given. Second, based upon the theory of gearing and differential geometry, conjugate tooth surfaces are studied. Then contact lines are generated. Third, load distribution along contact lines is formulated. Last, the numerical model is validated by measuring loaded transmission error and loaded tooth contact pattern.

Ames S-32 O-16 O-18 Line List for High-Resolution Experimental IR Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Huang, Xinchuan; Schwenke, David W.; Lee, Timothy J.

2016-01-01

By comparing to the most recent experimental data and spectra of the SO2 628 ?1/?3 bands (see Ulenikov et al., JQSRT 168 (2016) 29-39), this study illustrates the reliability and accuracy of the Ames-296K SO2 line list, which is accurate enough to facilitate such high-resolution spectroscopic analysis. The SO2 628 IR line list is computed on a recently improved potential energy surface (PES) refinement, denoted Ames-Pre2, and the published purely ab initio CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ dipole moment surface. Progress has been made in both energy level convergence and rovibrational quantum number assignments agreeing with laboratory analysis models. The accuracy of the computed 628 energy levels and line list is similar to what has been achieved and reported for SO2 626 and 646, i.e. 0.01-0.03 cm(exp -1) for bands up to 5500 cm(exp -1). During the comparison, we found some discrepancies in addition to overall good agreements. The three-IR-list based feature-by-feature analysis in a 0.25 cm(exp -1) spectral window clearly demonstrates the power of the current Ames line lists with new assignments, correction of some errors, and intensity contributions from varied sources including other isotopologues. We are inclined to attribute part of detected discrepancies to an incomplete experimental analysis and missing intensity in the model. With complete line position, intensity, and rovibrational quantum numbers determined at 296 K, spectroscopic analysis is significantly facilitated especially for a spectral range exhibiting such an unusually high density of lines. The computed 628 rovibrational levels and line list are accurate enough to provide alternatives for the missing bands or suspicious assignments, as well as helpful to identify these isotopologues in various celestial environments. The next step will be to revisit the SO2 828 and 646 spectral analyses.

The influence of impact direction and axial loading on the bone fracture pattern.

PubMed

Cohen, Haim; Kugel, Chen; May, Hila; Medlej, Bahaa; Stein, Dan; Slon, Viviane; Brosh, Tamar; Hershkovitz, Israel

2017-08-01

The effect of the direction of the impact and the presence of axial loading on fracture patterns have not yet been established in experimental 3-point bending studies. To reveal the association between the direction of the force and the fracture pattern, with and without axial loading. A Dynatup Model POE 2000 (Instron Co.) low energy pendulum impact machine was utilized to apply impact loading on fresh pig femoral bones (n=50). The bone clamp shaft was adjusted to position the bone for three-point bending with and without additional bone compression. Four different directions of the force were applied: anterior, posterior, lateral, and medial. The impacted aspect can be distinguished from the non-impacted aspects based on the fracture pattern alone (the most fractured one); the impact point can be identified on bare bones (the area from which all oblique lines radiate and/or the presence of a chip fragment). None of our experiments (with and without compression) yielded a "true" butterfly fracture, but instead, oblique radiating lines emerged from the point of impact (also known as "false" butterfly). Impacts on the lateral and anterior aspects of the bones produce more and longer fracture lines than impacts on the contralateral side; bones subjected to an impact with axial loading are significantly more comminuted and fragmented. Under axial loading, the number of fracture lines is independent of the impact direction. Our study presents an experimental model for fracture analysis and shows that the impact direction and the presence of axial loading during impact significantly affect the fracture pattern obtained. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

76 FR 22745 - Three Notch Railway, LLC-Acquisition and Operation Exemption-Three Notch Railroad Co., Inc.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-22

... Railway, LLC--Acquisition and Operation Exemption-- Three Notch Railroad Co., Inc. Three Notch Railway... from Three Notch Railroad Co., Inc. (TNHR) and to operate approximately 34 miles of rail line \\1... assigned TNHR's agreement with Andalusia & Conecuh Railroad Company, which was assigned to TNHR by the...

46 CFR 69.105 - Application for measurement services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...) Type of vessel. (b) Vessel's name and official number (if assigned). (c) Builder's name and the vessel hull number assigned by the builder. (d) Place and year built. (e) Date keel was laid. (f) Overall length, breadth, and depth of vessel. (g) Lines plan. (h) Booklet of offsets. (i) Capacity plans for...

46 CFR 69.105 - Application for measurement services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) Type of vessel. (b) Vessel's name and official number (if assigned). (c) Builder's name and the vessel hull number assigned by the builder. (d) Place and year built. (e) Date keel was laid. (f) Overall length, breadth, and depth of vessel. (g) Lines plan. (h) Booklet of offsets. (i) Capacity plans for...

46 CFR 69.105 - Application for measurement services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...) Type of vessel. (b) Vessel's name and official number (if assigned). (c) Builder's name and the vessel hull number assigned by the builder. (d) Place and year built. (e) Date keel was laid. (f) Overall length, breadth, and depth of vessel. (g) Lines plan. (h) Booklet of offsets. (i) Capacity plans for...

46 CFR 69.105 - Application for measurement services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) Type of vessel. (b) Vessel's name and official number (if assigned). (c) Builder's name and the vessel hull number assigned by the builder. (d) Place and year built. (e) Date keel was laid. (f) Overall length, breadth, and depth of vessel. (g) Lines plan. (h) Booklet of offsets. (i) Capacity plans for...

46 CFR 69.105 - Application for measurement services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) Type of vessel. (b) Vessel's name and official number (if assigned). (c) Builder's name and the vessel hull number assigned by the builder. (d) Place and year built. (e) Date keel was laid. (f) Overall length, breadth, and depth of vessel. (g) Lines plan. (h) Booklet of offsets. (i) Capacity plans for...

Microwave. Instructor's Edition. Louisiana Vocational-Technical Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blanton, William

This publication contains related study assignments and job sheets for a course in microwave technology. The course is organized into 12 units covering the following topics: introduction to microwave, microwave systems, microwave oscillators, microwave modulators, microwave transmission lines, transmission lines, detectors and mixers, microwave…

Experiments with airplane brakes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Michael, Franz

1931-01-01

This report begins by examining the forces on the brake shoes. For the determination of the load distribution over the shoes it was assumed that the brake linings follow Hooke's law, are neatly fitted and bedded in by wear. The assumption of Hooke's law, that is, the proportionality between compression of the lining and the absorption of force, is fulfilled to a certain extent for the loading, as becomes apparent from the load tests described further on. But there is a material discrepancy at unloading. From the load distribution we merely defined the position of the normal force resultant, while for the rest, the effect of the distribution was disregarded in the comparison of the different shoe dispositions.

Impact evaluation of conducted UWB transients on loads in power-line networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Bing; Månsson, Daniel

2017-09-01

Nowadays, faced with the ever-increasing dependence on diverse electronic devices and systems, the proliferation of potential electromagnetic interference (EMI) becomes a critical threat for reliable operation. A typical issue is the electronics working reliably in power-line networks when exposed to electromagnetic environment. In this paper, we consider a conducted ultra-wideband (UWB) disturbance, as an example of intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) source, and perform the impact evaluation at the loads in a network. With the aid of fast Fourier transform (FFT), the UWB transient is characterized in the frequency domain. Based on a modified Baum-Liu-Tesche (BLT) method, the EMI received at the loads, with complex impedance, is computed. Through inverse FFT (IFFT), we obtain time-domain responses of the loads. To evaluate the impact on loads, we employ five common, but important quantifiers, i.e., time-domain peak, total signal energy, peak signal power, peak time rate of change and peak time integral of the pulse. Moreover, to perform a comprehensive analysis, we also investigate the effects of the attributes (capacitive, resistive, or inductive) of other loads connected to the network, the rise time and pulse width of the UWB transient, and the lengths of power lines. It is seen that, for the loads distributed in a network, the impact evaluation of IEMI should be based on the characteristics of the IEMI source, and the network features, such as load impedances, layout, and characteristics of cables.

Boosted protease inhibitor monotherapy versus boosted protease inhibitor plus lamivudine dual therapy as second-line maintenance treatment for HIV-1-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa (ANRS12 286/MOBIDIP): a multicentre, randomised, parallel, open-label, superiority trial.

PubMed

Ciaffi, Laura; Koulla-Shiro, Sinata; Sawadogo, Adrien Bruno; Ndour, Cheik Tidiane; Eymard-Duvernay, Sabrina; Mbouyap, Pretty Rosereine; Ayangma, Liliane; Zoungrana, Jacques; Gueye, Ndeye Fatou Ngom; Diallo, Mohamadou; Izard, Suzanne; Bado, Guillaume; Kane, Coumba Toure; Aghokeng, Avelin Fobang; Peeters, Martine; Girard, Pierre Marie; Le Moing, Vincent; Reynes, Jacques; Delaporte, Eric

2017-09-01

Despite satisfactory efficacy of WHO-recommended second-line antiretroviral treatment for patients with HIV in low-income countries, the need for simplified, low-cost, and less-toxic maintenance strategies remains high. We compared boosted protease inhibitor monotherapy with dual therapy with boosted protease inhibitor plus lamivudine in patients on second-line antiretrovial therapy (ART). We did a multicentre, randomised, parallel, open-label, superiority, trial in the HIV services of five hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa (Yaoundé, Cameroon; Dakar, Senegal; and Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso). We recruited patients from the long-term, post-trial cohort of the ANRS 12169/2LADY study that compared the efficacy of three second-line combinations based on boosted protease inhibitors. Participants for our study were HIV-1 infected with multiple mutations including M184V, at first-line failure, aged 18 years and older, on boosted protease inhibitor plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) for at least 48 weeks with at least 48 weeks follow-up in the 2LADY trial, with two viral load measurements of less than 200 copies per mL in the previous 6 months, CD4 counts of more than 100 cells per μL, adherence of at least 90%, and no change to ART in the past 3 months. We randomly assigned participants (1:1) to receive either monotherapy with their boosted protease inhibitor (once-daily darunavir 800 mg [two 400 mg tablets] boosted with ritonavir 100 mg [one tablet] or coformulation of lopinavir 200 mg with ritonavir 50 mg [two tablets taken twice per day]) or to boosted protease inhibitor plus once-daily lamivudine 300 mg (one 300 mg tablet or two 150 mg tablets). Computer-generated randomisation was stratified by study site and viral load at screening (< 50 copies per mL, and 50-200 copies per mL), and concealed from study personnel throughout the inclusion period. After randomisation, treatment allocation was not masked from clinicians or patients]. Patients had follow-up visits at weeks 4 and 12, and every 3 months until 96 weeks; if viral load exceeded 500 copies per mL at any visit, NRTI (tenofovir and lamivudine) were reintroduced into treatment. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants who had treatment failure at 96 weeks in the intention-to-treat analysis, where treatment failure was defined as one of the following: a confirmed viral load of more than 500 copies per mL, reintroduction of NRTI, or interruption of boosted protease inhibitor. We designed the study to detect a difference of 12% between groups in the primary outcome, with an expected 20% of patients having treatment failure in the monotherapy group. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01905059. Between March 5, 2014, and Jan 26, 2015, 265 participants were assigned to receive monotherapy (133) or boosted protease inhibitor plus lamivudine (132). At week 48, an independent data safety monitoring board reviewed data, and advised discontinuation of the monotherapy group because the number of failures had exceeded the expected 20%; therefore results here are for week 48. At this point, treatment failure occurred in four (3·0%; 95% CI 0·8-7·6) of 132 participants on dual therapy and 33 (24·8%; 17·7-33·0) of 133 participants on monotherapy (relative risk 8·2, 95% CI 3·0-22·5; odds ratio 10·6, 95% CI 3·6-42·1). The difference between groups (21·8%, 95% CI 13·9-29·7; p<0·0001) showed superiority of dual therapy compared with monotherapy. We recorded 46 severe adverse events of grade 3 or 4 (29 in the monotherapy group, 17 in the boosted protease inhibitor plus lamivudine group); one event in the montherapy group (intoxication resulting from co-administration of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir with an ergotamine derivate) was deemed related to study drug. Two participants in the monotherapy group and one in the dual therapy group died, all from causes not related to study drugs or procedures (one from complications from gastric cancer surgery, one in a work accident, and one from a lung disease of unknown cause). After viral suppression with boosted protease inhibitor plus NRTI in second-line ART, maintenance therapy with boosted protease inhibitor plus lamivudine was associated with a high rate of success, despite the presence of M184V mutations at first-line treatment failure. Results indicated that boosted protease inhibitor monotherapy cannot be recommended for these patients. Agence National de Recherche sur le Sida et les hépatites and Janssen Pharmaceutica. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

46 CFR 170.255 - Class 1 doors; permissible locations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... point at side, is at least 7 feet (2.14 meters) above the deepest load line. (b) Class 1 doors are..., the door is in a location where it will be closed at all times except when actually in use; and (2... lowest point at side is less than 7 feet (2.14 meters) above the deepest load line, an indicator light...

75 FR 78928 - Limited Service Domestic Voyage Load Lines for River Barges on Lake Michigan, Delay of Effective...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-17

... Advisories may also be issued when lake ice exists that could be hazardous to small boats. Although river...-AA17 Limited Service Domestic Voyage Load Lines for River Barges on Lake Michigan, Delay of Effective... Lake Michigan. This rule finalized interim regulations that have been in effect since 2002, with some...

Two-Dimensional Parson's Puzzles: The Concept, Tools, and First Observations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ihantola, Petri; Karavirta, Ville

2011-01-01

Parson's programming puzzles are a family of code construction assignments where lines of code are given, and the task is to form the solution by sorting and possibly selecting the correct code lines. We introduce a novel family of Parson's puzzles where the lines of code need to be sorted in two dimensions. The vertical dimension is used to order…

Dynamic Responses and Vibration Control of the Transmission Tower-Line System: A State-of-the-Art Review

PubMed Central

Chen, Bo; Guo, Wei-hua; Li, Peng-yun; Xie, Wen-ping

2014-01-01

This paper presented an overview on the dynamic analysis and control of the transmission tower-line system in the past forty years. The challenges and future developing trends in the dynamic analysis and mitigation of the transmission tower-line system under dynamic excitations are also put forward. It also reviews the analytical models and approaches of the transmission tower, transmission lines, and transmission tower-line systems, respectively, which contain the theoretical model, finite element (FE) model and the equivalent model; shows the advances in wind responses of the transmission tower-line system, which contains the dynamic effects under common wind loading, tornado, downburst, and typhoon; and discusses the dynamic responses under earthquake and ice loads, respectively. The vibration control of the transmission tower-line system is also reviewed, which includes the magnetorheological dampers, friction dampers, tuned mass dampers, and pounding tuned mass dampers. PMID:25105161

Sensor, method and system of monitoring transmission lines

DOEpatents

Syracuse, Steven J.; Clark, Roy; Halverson, Peter G.; Tesche, Frederick M.; Barlow, Charles V.

2012-10-02

An apparatus, method, and system for measuring the magnetic field produced by phase conductors in multi-phase power lines. The magnetic field measurements are used to determine the current load on the conductors. The magnetic fields are sensed by coils placed sufficiently proximate the lines to measure the voltage induced in the coils by the field without touching the lines. The x and y components of the magnetic fields are used to calculate the conductor sag, and then the sag data, along with the field strength data, can be used to calculate the current load on the line and the phase of the current. The sag calculations of this invention are independent of line voltage and line current measurements. The system applies a computerized fitter routine to measured and sampled voltages on the coils to accurately determine the values of parameters associated with the overhead phase conductors.

The Shock and Vibration Bulletin. Part 3. Shock Testing, Shock Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-08-01

APPROXIMATE TRANSFORMATION C.S. O’Hearne and J.W. Shipley, Martin Marietta Aerospace, Orlando, Florida LINEAR LUMPED-MASS MODELING TECHNIQUES FOR BLAST LOADED...Leppert, B.K. Wada, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and R. Miyakawa, Martin - Marietta Aerospace, Denver, Colorado (assigned to the Jet...Wilmington, Delaware Vibration Testing and Analysis DEVELOPMENT OF SAM-D MISSILE RANDOM VIBRATION RESPONSE LOADS P.G. Hahn, Martin Marietta Aerospace

Specdata: Automated Analysis Software for Broadband Spectra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oliveira, Jasmine N.; Martin-Drumel, Marie-Aline; McCarthy, Michael C.

2017-06-01

With the advancement of chirped-pulse techniques, broadband rotational spectra with a few tens to several hundred GHz of spectral coverage are now routinely recorded. When studying multi-component mixtures that might result, for example, with the use of an electrical discharge, lines of new chemical species are often obscured by those of known compounds, and analysis can be laborious. To address this issue, we have developed SPECdata, an open source, interactive tool which is designed to simplify and greatly accelerate the spectral analysis and discovery. Our software tool combines both automated and manual components that free the user from computation, while giving him/her considerable flexibility to assign, manipulate, interpret and export their analysis. The automated - and key - component of the new software is a database query system that rapidly assigns transitions of known species in an experimental spectrum. For each experiment, the software identifies spectral features, and subsequently assigns them to known molecules within an in-house database (Pickett .cat files, list of frequencies...), or those catalogued in Splatalogue (using automatic on-line queries). With suggested assignments, the control is then handed over to the user who can choose to accept, decline or add additional species. Data visualization, statistical information, and interactive widgets assist the user in making decisions about their data. SPECdata has several other useful features intended to improve the user experience. Exporting a full report of the analysis, or a peak file in which assigned lines are removed are among several options. A user may also save their progress to continue at another time. Additional features of SPECdata help the user to maintain and expand their database for future use. A user-friendly interface allows one to search, upload, edit or update catalog or experiment entries.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of curcumin loaded lauroyl sulphated chitosan for enhancing oral bioavailability.

PubMed

Shelma, R; Sharma, Chandra P

2013-06-05

Curcumin has been demonstrated as a potent anticancer agent but its clinical application has been limited by its poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability. Here we describe encapsulation of curcumin in the lauroyl sulphated chitosan with a view to improve its bioavailability. In vitro antioxidant activity of extract of curcumin loaded matrix was investigated and exhibited dose dependent radical scavenging and reducing activity. Cytotoxicity studies carried out with curcumin loaded carrier on C6 cell line and were found to be toxic. Its in vitro effects on proliferation using the C6 cell lines also studied and observed antiproliferation of C6 cell line. Plasma concentration of curcumin-time profiles from pharmacokinetic studies in rats after oral administration showed a 11.5-fold increased pharmacological availability of curcumin with encapsulated curcumin compared with native curcumin. Overall we demonstrate that the curcumin loaded matrix has shown a superior pharmacological availability in vivo over curcumin. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

47 CFR 69.407 - Revenue accounting expenses in Account 6620.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

....407 Section 69.407 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER... billings shall be assigned to the Common Line element. (b) Revenue Accounting Expenses that are...'s carrier access elements except the Common Line element. Such expenses shall be apportioned in the...

An Optimization Model for the Selection of Bus-Only Lanes in a City.

PubMed

Chen, Qun

2015-01-01

The planning of urban bus-only lane networks is an important measure to improve bus service and bus priority. To determine the effective arrangement of bus-only lanes, a bi-level programming model for urban bus lane layout is developed in this study that considers accessibility and budget constraints. The goal of the upper-level model is to minimize the total travel time, and the lower-level model is a capacity-constrained traffic assignment model that describes the passenger flow assignment on bus lines, in which the priority sequence of the transfer times is reflected in the passengers' route-choice behaviors. Using the proposed bi-level programming model, optimal bus lines are selected from a set of candidate bus lines; thus, the corresponding bus lane network on which the selected bus lines run is determined. The solution method using a genetic algorithm in the bi-level programming model is developed, and two numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed model.

service line analytics in the new era.

PubMed

Spence, Jay; Seargeant, Dan

2015-08-01

To succeed under the value-based business model, hospitals and health systems require effective service line analytics that combine inpatient and outpatient data and that incorporate quality metrics for evaluating clinical operations. When developing a framework for collection, analysis, and dissemination of service line data, healthcare organizations should focus on five key aspects of effective service line analytics: Updated service line definitions. Ability to analyze and trend service line net patient revenues by payment source. Access to accurate service line cost information across multiple dimensions with drill-through capabilities. Ability to redesign key reports based on changing requirements. Clear assignment of accountability.

Load Balancing Unstructured Adaptive Grids for CFD Problems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Biswas, Rupak; Oliker, Leonid

1996-01-01

Mesh adaption is a powerful tool for efficient unstructured-grid computations but causes load imbalance among processors on a parallel machine. A dynamic load balancing method is presented that balances the workload across all processors with a global view. After each parallel tetrahedral mesh adaption, the method first determines if the new mesh is sufficiently unbalanced to warrant a repartitioning. If so, the adapted mesh is repartitioned, with new partitions assigned to processors so that the redistribution cost is minimized. The new partitions are accepted only if the remapping cost is compensated by the improved load balance. Results indicate that this strategy is effective for large-scale scientific computations on distributed-memory multiprocessors.

46 CFR 42.09-40 - Annual surveys.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Annual surveys. 42.09-40 Section 42.09-40 Shipping COAST... Line Assignments and Surveys-General Requirements § 42.09-40 Annual surveys. (a) Relative to §§ 42.09-15(d) and 42.09-20(c), the assigning and issuing authority shall make an annual survey of each vessel...

46 CFR 42.09-40 - Annual surveys.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Annual surveys. 42.09-40 Section 42.09-40 Shipping COAST... Line Assignments and Surveys-General Requirements § 42.09-40 Annual surveys. (a) Relative to §§ 42.09-15(d) and 42.09-20(c), the assigning and issuing authority shall make an annual survey of each vessel...

46 CFR 42.09-40 - Annual surveys.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Annual surveys. 42.09-40 Section 42.09-40 Shipping COAST... Line Assignments and Surveys-General Requirements § 42.09-40 Annual surveys. (a) Relative to §§ 42.09-15(d) and 42.09-20(c), the assigning and issuing authority shall make an annual survey of each vessel...

46 CFR 42.09-40 - Annual surveys.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Annual surveys. 42.09-40 Section 42.09-40 Shipping COAST... Line Assignments and Surveys-General Requirements § 42.09-40 Annual surveys. (a) Relative to §§ 42.09-15(d) and 42.09-20(c), the assigning and issuing authority shall make an annual survey of each vessel...

46 CFR 42.09-40 - Annual surveys.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Annual surveys. 42.09-40 Section 42.09-40 Shipping COAST... Line Assignments and Surveys-General Requirements § 42.09-40 Annual surveys. (a) Relative to §§ 42.09-15(d) and 42.09-20(c), the assigning and issuing authority shall make an annual survey of each vessel...

19 CFR 142.46 - Presentation of invoice and assignment of entry number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... transportation, the appropriate manifest document. (b) Verification of data. If after scanning the bar code at the Line Release site, the Customs officer verifies the data on the bar code with the information on... assigned to the transaction. If there are any differences between the system data and the invoice and bar...

19 CFR 142.46 - Presentation of invoice and assignment of entry number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... transportation, the appropriate manifest document. (b) Verification of data. If after scanning the bar code at the Line Release site, the Customs officer verifies the data on the bar code with the information on... assigned to the transaction. If there are any differences between the system data and the invoice and bar...

19 CFR 142.46 - Presentation of invoice and assignment of entry number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... transportation, the appropriate manifest document. (b) Verification of data. If after scanning the bar code at the Line Release site, the Customs officer verifies the data on the bar code with the information on... assigned to the transaction. If there are any differences between the system data and the invoice and bar...

19 CFR 142.46 - Presentation of invoice and assignment of entry number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... transportation, the appropriate manifest document. (b) Verification of data. If after scanning the bar code at the Line Release site, the Customs officer verifies the data on the bar code with the information on... assigned to the transaction. If there are any differences between the system data and the invoice and bar...

19 CFR 142.46 - Presentation of invoice and assignment of entry number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... transportation, the appropriate manifest document. (b) Verification of data. If after scanning the bar code at the Line Release site, the Customs officer verifies the data on the bar code with the information on... assigned to the transaction. If there are any differences between the system data and the invoice and bar...

Use of Microsphere Technology for Targeted Delivery of Rifampin to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Macrophages

PubMed Central

Barrow, Esther L. W.; Winchester, Gary A.; Staas, Jay K.; Quenelle, Debra C.; Barrow, William W.

1998-01-01

Microsphere technology was used to develop formulations of rifampin for targeted delivery to host macrophages. These formulations were prepared by using biocompatible polymeric excipients of lactide and glycolide copolymers. Release characteristics were examined in vitro and also in two monocytic cell lines, the murine J774 and the human Mono Mac 6 cell lines. Bioassay assessment of cell culture supernatants from monocyte cell lines showed release of bioactive rifampin during a 7-day experimental period. Treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv-infected monocyte cell lines with rifampin-loaded microspheres resulted in a significant decrease in numbers of CFU at 7 days following initial infection, even though only 8% of the microsphere-loaded rifampin was released. The levels of rifampin released from microsphere formulations within monocytes were more effective at reducing M. tuberculosis intracellular growth than equivalent doses of rifampin given as a free drug. These results demonstrate that rifampin-loaded microspheres can be formulated for effective sustained and targeted delivery to host macrophages. PMID:9756777

Implementing eco friendly highly reliable upload feature using multi 3G service

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanutama, Lukas; Wijaya, Rico

2017-12-01

The current trend of eco friendly Internet access is preferred. In this research the understanding of eco friendly is minimum power consumption. The devices that are selected have operationally low power consumption and normally have no power consumption as they are hibernating during idle state. To have the reliability a router of a router that has internal load balancing feature will provide the improvement of previous research on multi 3G services for broadband lines. Previous studies emphasized on accessing and downloading information files from Public Cloud residing Web Servers. The demand is not only for speed but high reliability of access as well. High reliability will mean mitigating both direct and indirect high cost due to repeated attempts of uploading and downloading the large files. Nomadic and mobile computer users need viable solution. Following solution for downloading information has been proposed and tested. The solution is promising. The result is now extended to providing reliable access line by means of redundancy and automatic reconfiguration for uploading and downloading large information files to a Web Server in the Cloud. The technique is taking advantage of internal load balancing feature to provision a redundant line acting as a backup line. A router that has the ability to provide load balancing to several WAN lines is chosen. The WAN lines are constructed using multiple 3G lines. The router supports the accessing Internet with more than one 3G access line which increases the reliability and availability of the Internet access as the second line immediately takes over if the first line is disturbed.

75 FR 66389 - Notice of Availability of the Record of Decision for the Blythe Solar Power Project and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-28

... development agreement with Solar Millennium and requested that the project be assigned to Palo Verde Solar I...) transmission line will be constructed to interconnect to the Devers-Palo Verde II 500-kV transmission line at...

Comparison of the lifting-line free vortex wake method and the blade-element-momentum theory regarding the simulated loads of multi-MW wind turbines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hauptmann, S.; Bülk, M.; Schön, L.; Erbslöh, S.; Boorsma, K.; Grasso, F.; Kühn, M.; Cheng, P. W.

2014-12-01

Design load simulations for wind turbines are traditionally based on the blade- element-momentum theory (BEM). The BEM approach is derived from a simplified representation of the rotor aerodynamics and several semi-empirical correction models. A more sophisticated approach to account for the complex flow phenomena on wind turbine rotors can be found in the lifting-line free vortex wake method. This approach is based on a more physics based representation, especially for global flow effects. This theory relies on empirical correction models only for the local flow effects, which are associated with the boundary layer of the rotor blades. In this paper the lifting-line free vortex wake method is compared to a state- of-the-art BEM formulation with regard to aerodynamic and aeroelastic load simulations of the 5MW UpWind reference wind turbine. Different aerodynamic load situations as well as standardised design load cases that are sensitive to the aeroelastic modelling are evaluated in detail. This benchmark makes use of the AeroModule developed by ECN, which has been coupled to the multibody simulation code SIMPACK.

Optimizing the robustness of electrical power systems against cascading failures.

PubMed

Zhang, Yingrui; Yağan, Osman

2016-06-21

Electrical power systems are one of the most important infrastructures that support our society. However, their vulnerabilities have raised great concern recently due to several large-scale blackouts around the world. In this paper, we investigate the robustness of power systems against cascading failures initiated by a random attack. This is done under a simple yet useful model based on global and equal redistribution of load upon failures. We provide a comprehensive understanding of system robustness under this model by (i) deriving an expression for the final system size as a function of the size of initial attacks; (ii) deriving the critical attack size after which system breaks down completely; (iii) showing that complete system breakdown takes place through a first-order (i.e., discontinuous) transition in terms of the attack size; and (iv) establishing the optimal load-capacity distribution that maximizes robustness. In particular, we show that robustness is maximized when the difference between the capacity and initial load is the same for all lines; i.e., when all lines have the same redundant space regardless of their initial load. This is in contrast with the intuitive and commonly used setting where capacity of a line is a fixed factor of its initial load.

Analyzing the reliability of mechanical parts in 10 kV aerial transmission lines under ice-coating and wind effects in view of their design features

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doletskaya, L. I.; Solopov, R. V.; Kavchenkov, V. P.; Andreenkov, E. S.

2017-12-01

The physical features of the damage of aerial lines with a voltage of 10 kV under ice and wind loads are examined, mathematical models for estimating the reliability the mechanical part in aerial lines with the application of analytical theoretical methods and corresponding mathematical models taking into account the probabilistic nature of ice and wind loads are described, calculation results on reliability, specific damage and average time for restoration in case of emergency outages of 10 kV high-voltage transmission aerial lines with the use of uninsulated and protected wires are presented.

49 CFR Appendix I to Subpart A of... - Revenue Need and Allocation to Traffic at Issue

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... composite carrier basis comprised of all traffic and cost study carriers. Data in part II, line 14 columns... Issue Traffic Based on Ton and Ton-Mile Method (See Note A) Line No. Item Source for columns 3 and 4..., by using Statement No. 6-68, Highway Form B, Schedule A, Line III. Assign the dollars in columns (6...

49 CFR Appendix I to Subpart A of... - Revenue Need and Allocation to Traffic at Issue

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... composite carrier basis comprised of all traffic and cost study carriers. Data in part II, line 14 columns... Issue Traffic Based on Ton and Ton-Mile Method (See Note A) Line No. Item Source for columns 3 and 4..., by using Statement No. 6-68, Highway Form B, Schedule A, Line III. Assign the dollars in columns (6...

49 CFR Appendix I to Subpart A of... - Revenue Need and Allocation to Traffic at Issue

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... composite carrier basis comprised of all traffic and cost study carriers. Data in part II, line 14 columns... Issue Traffic Based on Ton and Ton-Mile Method (See Note A) Line No. Item Source for columns 3 and 4..., by using Statement No. 6-68, Highway Form B, Schedule A, Line III. Assign the dollars in columns (6...

49 CFR Appendix I to Subpart A of... - Revenue Need and Allocation to Traffic at Issue

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... composite carrier basis comprised of all traffic and cost study carriers. Data in part II, line 14 columns... Issue Traffic Based on Ton and Ton-Mile Method (See Note A) Line No. Item Source for columns 3 and 4..., by using Statement No. 6-68, Highway Form B, Schedule A, Line III. Assign the dollars in columns (6...

49 CFR Appendix I to Subpart A of... - Revenue Need and Allocation to Traffic at Issue

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... composite carrier basis comprised of all traffic and cost study carriers. Data in part II, line 14 columns... Issue Traffic Based on Ton and Ton-Mile Method (See Note A) Line No. Item Source for columns 3 and 4..., by using Statement No. 6-68, Highway Form B, Schedule A, Line III. Assign the dollars in columns (6...

Analysis of Microstrip Line Fed Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singh, Ashish; Aneesh, Mohammad; Kamakshi; Ansari, J. A.

2017-11-01

In this paper, theoretical analysis of microstrip line fed rectangular patch antenna loaded with parasitic element and split-ring resonator is presented. The proposed antenna shows that the dualband operation depends on gap between parasitic element, split-ring resonator, length and width of microstrip line. It is found that antenna resonates at two distinct resonating modes i.e., 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz for lower and upper resonance frequencies respectively. The antenna shows dual frequency nature with frequency ratio 2.0. The characteristics of microstrip line fed rectangular patch antenna loaded with parasitic element and split-ring resonator antenna is compared with other prototype microstrip line fed antennas. Further, the theoretical results are compared with simulated and reported experimental results, they are in close agreement.

Electromagnetic wrap

DOEpatents

Tremblay, Paul L [Idaho Falls, ID; Scott, Jill R [Idaho Falls, ID

2010-09-28

A device and method for altering the line reactance of a transmission line having a transmission line, a first floating conductor and a grounding (shielding) conductor. The first floating conductor is positioned between and electrically insulated from the transmission line and the grounding conductor. A source and a load are connected at opposite ends of the transmission line.

Comb-assisted cavity ring down spectroscopy of 17O enriched water between 7443 and 7921 cm-1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mondelain, D.; Mikhailenko, S. N.; Karlovets, E. V.; Béguier, S.; Kassi, S.; Campargue, A.

2017-12-01

The room temperature absorption spectrum of water vapor highly enriched in 17O has been recorded by Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) between 7443 and 7921 cm-1. Three series of recordings were performed with pressure values around 0.1, 1 and 10 Torr. The frequency calibration of the present spectra benefited of the combination of the CRDS spectrometer to a self-referenced frequency comb. The resulting CRD spectrometer combines excellent frequency accuracy over a broad spectral region with a high sensitivity (Noise Equivalent Absorption, αmin∼ 10-11-10-10 cm-1). The investigated spectral region corresponds to the high energy range of the first hexade. The assignments were performed using known experimental energy levels as well as calculated line lists based on the results of Partridge and Schwenke. Overall about 4150 lines were measured and assigned to 4670 transitions of six water isotopologues (H216O, H217O, H218O, HD16O, HD17O and HD18O). Their intensities span six orders of magnitude from 10-28 to 10-22 cm/molecule. Most of the new results concern the H217O and HD17O isotopologues for which about 1600 and 400 transitions were assigned leading to the determination of 329 and 207 new energy levels, respectively. For comparison only about 300 and four transitions of H217O and HD17O were previously known in the region, respectively. By comparison to highly accurate H216O line positions available in the literature, the average accuracy on our line centers is checked to be on the order of 3 MHz (10-4 cm-1) or better for not weak well isolated lines. This small uncertainty represents a significant improvement of the line center determination of many H216O lines included in the experimental list provided as Supplementary Material.

The effect of finish line preparation and layer thickness on the failure load and fractography of ZrO2 copings.

PubMed

Reich, Sven; Petschelt, Anselm; Lohbauer, Ulrich

2008-05-01

To prevent tooth weakening or pulp irritation, there is a need for a minimally invasive method of preparing single anterior crowns. Restoration dimensions for reduced coping thicknesses or less invasive finish line preparations are required. The purposed of this in vitro was to study investigate the fracture performance of high-strength zirconia copings, compare knife-edge margins with chamfer finish lines, and examine the effect of reducing the layer thickness from 0.5 mm to 0.3 mm. Y-TZP zirconia copings were manufactured on brass dies of a maxillary central incisor. Forty copings, with 2 layer thicknesses (0.5 and 0.3 mm), and 2 finish line preparations (knife edge and chamfer; n=10) were cemented using a conventional glass ionomer cement and stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. The copings were vertically loaded until fracture using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA (alpha=.05). Fractographic examination was performed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. A significantly higher mean failure load was measured for knife-edge (0.5 mm, 1110 +/-175 N; 0.3 mm, 730 +/-160 N) versus chamfer (0.5 mm, 697 +/-126 N; 0.3 mm, 455 +/-79 N) preparations (P<.001), and for 0.5-mm versus 0.3-mm thickness layers (P<.001). Knife-edge preparations present a promising alternative to chamfer finish lines; the fracture load required for knife-edge preparations was 38% greater than that required for chamfer preparations, regardless of coping thickness. Reducing the thickness of a single crown coping from 0.5 to 0.3 mm resulted in a 35% reduction in fracture load required for either preparation type.

Development of self-forming doxorubicin-loaded polymeric depots as an injectable drug delivery system for liver cancer chemotherapy.

PubMed

Nittayacharn, Pinunta; Nasongkla, Norased

2017-07-01

The objective of this work was to develop self-forming doxorubicin-loaded polymeric depots as an injectable drug delivery system for liver cancer chemotherapy and studied the release profiles of doxorubicin (Dox) from different depot formulations. Tri-block copolymers of poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(D,L-lactide) and poly(ethylene glycol) named PLECs were successfully used as a biodegradable material to encapsulate Dox as the injectable local drug delivery system. Depot formation and encapsulation efficiency of these depots were evaluated. Results show that depots could be formed and encapsulate Dox with high drug loading content. For the release study, drug loading content (10, 15 and 20% w/w) and polymer concentration (25, 30, and 35% w/v) were varied. It could be observed that the burst release occurred within 1-2 days and this burst release could be reduced by physical mixing of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) into the depot system. The degradation at the surface and cross-section of the depots were examined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). In addition, cytotoxicity of Dox-loaded depots and blank depots were tested against human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2). Dox released from depots significantly exhibited potent cytotoxic effect against HepG2 cell line compared to that of blank depots. Results from this study reveals an important insight in the development of injectable drug delivery system for liver cancer chemotherapy. Schematic diagram of self-forming doxorubicin-loaded polymeric depots as an injectable drug delivery system and in vitro characterizations. (a) Dox-loaded PLEC depots could be formed with more than 90% of sustained-release Dox at 25% polymer concentration and 20% Dox-loading content. The burst release occurred within 1-2 days and could be reduced by physical mixing of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) into the depot system. (b) Dox released from depots significantly exhibited potent cytotoxic effect against human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2 cell line) compared to that of blank depots. (c) Dox-loaded depots showed bulk erosion with hollow core at day 60.

Condition Assessment and End-of-Life Prediction System for Electric Machines and Their Loads

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parlos, Alexander G.; Toliyat, Hamid A.

2005-01-01

An end-of-life prediction system developed for electric machines and their loads could be used in integrated vehicle health monitoring at NASA and in other government agencies. This system will provide on-line, real-time condition assessment and end-of-life prediction of electric machines (e.g., motors, generators) and/or their loads of mechanically coupled machinery (e.g., pumps, fans, compressors, turbines, conveyor belts, magnetic levitation trains, and others). In long-duration space flight, the ability to predict the lifetime of machinery could spell the difference between mission success or failure. Therefore, the system described here may be of inestimable value to the U.S. space program. The system will provide continuous monitoring for on-line condition assessment and end-of-life prediction as opposed to the current off-line diagnoses.

Design of Control System for Flexible Packaging Bags Palletizing Production Line Based on PLC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheng, Huiping; Chen, Lin; Zhao, Xiaoming; Liu, Zhanyang

Flexible packaging bags palletizing production line is to put the bags in the required area according to particular order and size, in order to finish handling, storage, loading and unloading, transportation and other logistics work of goods. Flexible packaging bags palletizing line is composed of turning bags mechanism, shaping mechanism, indexing mechanism, marshalling mechanism, pushing bags mechanism, pressing bags mechanism, laminating mechanism, elevator, tray warehouse, tray conveyor and loaded tray conveyor. Whether the whole production line can smoothly run depends on each of the above equipment and precision control among them. In this paper the technological process and the control logic of flexible packaging bags palletizing production line is introduced. Palletizing process of the production line realized automation by means of a control system based on programmable logic controller (PLC). It has the advantages of simple structure, reliable and easy maintenance etc.

7 CFR 1780.17 - Selection priorities and process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... the population to be served by the proposed project is: (1) Less than the poverty line if the poverty... than the poverty line and between 80% and 100%, inclusive, of the State's nonmetropolitan median... problems or natural disasters. The Administrator may delegate the authority to assign the 15 points to...

7 CFR 1780.17 - Selection priorities and process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... the population to be served by the proposed project is: (1) Less than the poverty line if the poverty... than the poverty line and between 80% and 100%, inclusive, of the State's nonmetropolitan median... problems or natural disasters. The Administrator may delegate the authority to assign the 15 points to...

Line transients with corona

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Saied, M.M.; Safar, Y.A.; Salama, M.H.

1987-01-01

This paper investigates the effect of corona on the electromagnetic transients along high voltage overhead lines. A method is presented to simulate the line by dividing it into a number of sections connected in cascade. For {ital n} line sections, the number of the unknown variables is 2{ital n} + 1. The method allows any waveform of the exciting voltage function, as well as any impedance loading condition. The corona is represented by voltage-dependent shunt current sources. A systematic way for writing a sufficient number of differential equations is shown. For their solution, a digital computer subroutine based on themore » Runge--Kutta--Verner method was used. An artificial frequency-dependent damping by means of linear resistors was used to suppress the Gibb's oscillations in the solution. The proposed method is applied to study the transients on a 40 km high voltage line with 30-ft flat phase spacing and a single 1.4 inch ACSR conductor per phase. The exciting voltage has a double-exponential impulse waveform. Solutions are given for three values of resistive loads Z{sub {ital c}}2Z{sub {ital c}} and Z{sub {ital c}}/2, where Z{sub {ital c}} is the line surge impedance. The results of two interesting cases of inductive and capacitive loads are also given. Physical interpretations for the different solutions are given. Also, the current-voltage duality between inductive and capacitive loads is recognized. The corona was found to attenuate and distort the travelling waves. For example, during one wave excursion, the reduction of the current wave peaks can reach values as high as 8.5%. The effect is more noticeable in the current than in the voltage waves. As expected, it increases also with the line corona losses. The effect of the increase of the line effective capacitance due to the corona discharge is also demonstrated.« less

Buckling Tests with a Spar-rib Grill

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Weinhold, Josef

1940-01-01

The present report deals with a comparison of mathematically and experimentally defined buckling loads of a spar-rib grill, on the assumption of constant spar section, and infinitely closely spaced ribs with rigidity symmetrical to the grill center. The loads are applied as equal bending moments at both spar ends, as compression in the line connecting the joints, and in the spar center line as the assumedly uniformly distributed spar weight.

AC resistance measuring instrument

DOEpatents

Hof, P.J.

1983-10-04

An auto-ranging AC resistance measuring instrument for remote measurement of the resistance of an electrical device or circuit connected to the instrument includes a signal generator which generates an AC excitation signal for application to a load, including the device and the transmission line, a monitoring circuit which provides a digitally encoded signal representing the voltage across the load, and a microprocessor which operates under program control to provide an auto-ranging function by which range resistance is connected in circuit with the load to limit the load voltage to an acceptable range for the instrument, and an auto-compensating function by which compensating capacitance is connected in shunt with the range resistance to compensate for the effects of line capacitance. After the auto-ranging and auto-compensation functions are complete, the microprocessor calculates the resistance of the load from the selected range resistance, the excitation signal, and the load voltage signal, and displays of the measured resistance on a digital display of the instrument. 8 figs.

AC Resistance measuring instrument

DOEpatents

Hof, Peter J.

1983-01-01

An auto-ranging AC resistance measuring instrument for remote measurement of the resistance of an electrical device or circuit connected to the instrument includes a signal generator which generates an AC excitation signal for application to a load, including the device and the transmission line, a monitoring circuit which provides a digitally encoded signal representing the voltage across the load, and a microprocessor which operates under program control to provide an auto-ranging function by which range resistance is connected in circuit with the load to limit the load voltage to an acceptable range for the instrument, and an auto-compensating function by which compensating capacitance is connected in shunt with the range resistance to compensate for the effects of line capacitance. After the auto-ranging and auto-compensation functions are complete, the microprocessor calculates the resistance of the load from the selected range resistance, the excitation signal, and the load voltage signal, and displays of the measured resistance on a digital display of the instrument.

Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation on performance of the thermal shield of accelerator cryomodules by thermo-siphon cooling of liquid nitrogen

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Datta, T. S.; Kar, S.; Kumar, M.; Choudhury, A.; Chacko, J.; Antony, J.; Babu, S.; Sahu, S. K.

2015-12-01

Five beam line cryomodules with total 27 superconducting Radio Frequency (RF) cavities are installed and commissioned at IUAC to enhance the energy of heavy ion from 15 UD Pelletron. To reduce the heat load at 4.2 K, liquid nitrogen (LN2) cooled intermediate thermal shield is used for all these cryomodules. For three linac cryomodules, concept of forced flow LN2 cooling is used and for superbuncher and rebuncher, thermo-siphon cooling is incorporated. It is noticed that the shield temperature of superbuncher varies from 90 K to 110 K with respect to liquid nitrogen level. The temperature difference can't be explained by using the basic concept of thermo-siphon with the heat load on up flow line. A simple thermo-siphon experimental set up is developed to simulate the thermal shield temperature profile. Mass flow rate of liquid nitrogen is measured with different heat load on up flow line for different liquid levels. It is noticed that small amount of heat load on down flow line have a significant effect on mass flow rate. The present paper will be investigating the data generated from the thermosiphon experimental set up and a theoretical analysis will be presented here to validate the measured temperature profile of the cryomodule shield.

Methotrexate diethyl ester-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules in aqueous solution increased antineoplastic effects in resistant breast cancer cell line.

PubMed

Yurgel, Virginia C; Oliveira, Catiuscia P; Begnini, Karine R; Schultze, Eduarda; Thurow, Helena S; Leon, Priscila M M; Dellagostin, Odir A; Campos, Vinicius F; Beck, Ruy C R; Guterres, Silvia S; Collares, Tiago; Pohlmann, Adriana R; Seixas, Fabiana K

2014-01-01

Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer affecting women. Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolic drug that remains important in the treatment of breast cancer. Its efficacy is compromised by resistance in cancer cells that occurs through a variety of mechanisms. This study evaluated apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest induced by an MTX derivative (MTX diethyl ester [MTX(OEt)2]) and MTX(OEt)2-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules in two MTX-resistant breast adenocarcinoma cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. The formulations prepared presented adequate granulometric profile. The treatment responses were evaluated through flow cytometry. Relying on the mechanism of resistance, we observed different responses between cell lines. For MCF-7 cells, MTX(OEt)2 solution and MTX(OEt)2-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules presented significantly higher apoptotic rates than untreated cells and cells incubated with unloaded lipid-core nanocapsules. For MDA-MB-231 cells, MTX(OEt)2-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules were significantly more efficient in inducing apoptosis than the solution of the free drug. S-phase cell cycle arrest was induced only by MTX(OEt)2 solution. The drug nanoencapsulation improved apoptosis induction for the cell line that presents MTX resistance by lack of transport receptors.

Methotrexate diethyl ester-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules in aqueous solution increased antineoplastic effects in resistant breast cancer cell line

PubMed Central

Yurgel, Virginia C; Oliveira, Catiuscia P; Begnini, Karine R; Schultze, Eduarda; Thurow, Helena S; Leon, Priscila MM; Dellagostin, Odir A; Campos, Vinicius F; Beck, Ruy CR; Guterres, Silvia S; Collares, Tiago; Pohlmann, Adriana R; Seixas, Fabiana K

2014-01-01

Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer affecting women. Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolic drug that remains important in the treatment of breast cancer. Its efficacy is compromised by resistance in cancer cells that occurs through a variety of mechanisms. This study evaluated apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest induced by an MTX derivative (MTX diethyl ester [MTX(OEt)2]) and MTX(OEt)2-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules in two MTX-resistant breast adenocarcinoma cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. The formulations prepared presented adequate granulometric profile. The treatment responses were evaluated through flow cytometry. Relying on the mechanism of resistance, we observed different responses between cell lines. For MCF-7 cells, MTX(OEt)2 solution and MTX(OEt)2-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules presented significantly higher apoptotic rates than untreated cells and cells incubated with unloaded lipid-core nanocapsules. For MDA-MB-231 cells, MTX(OEt)2-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules were significantly more efficient in inducing apoptosis than the solution of the free drug. S-phase cell cycle arrest was induced only by MTX(OEt)2 solution. The drug nanoencapsulation improved apoptosis induction for the cell line that presents MTX resistance by lack of transport receptors. PMID:24741306

Knowledge-based load leveling and task allocation in human-machine systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chignell, M. H.; Hancock, P. A.

1986-01-01

Conventional human-machine systems use task allocation policies which are based on the premise of a flexible human operator. This individual is most often required to compensate for and augment the capabilities of the machine. The development of artificial intelligence and improved technologies have allowed for a wider range of task allocation strategies. In response to these issues a Knowledge Based Adaptive Mechanism (KBAM) is proposed for assigning tasks to human and machine in real time, using a load leveling policy. This mechanism employs an online workload assessment and compensation system which is responsive to variations in load through an intelligent interface. This interface consists of a loading strategy reasoner which has access to information about the current status of the human-machine system as well as a database of admissible human/machine loading strategies. Difficulties standing in the way of successful implementation of the load leveling strategy are examined.

Novel elastic protection against DDF failures in an enhanced software-defined SIEPON

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pakpahan, Andrew Fernando; Hwang, I.-Shyan; Yu, Yu-Ming; Hsu, Wu-Hsiao; Liem, Andrew Tanny; Nikoukar, AliAkbar

2017-07-01

Ever-increasing bandwidth demands on passive optical networks (PONs) are pushing the utilization of every fiber strand to its limit. This is mandating comprehensive protection until the end of the distribution drop fiber (DDF). Hence, it is important to provide refined protection with an advanced fault-protection architecture and recovery mechanism that is able to cope with various DDF failures. We propose a novel elastic protection against DDF failures that incorporates a software-defined networking (SDN) capability and a bus protection line to enhance the resiliency of the existing Service Interoperability in Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (SIEPON) system. We propose the addition of an integrated SDN controller and flow tables to the optical line terminal and optical network units (ONUs) in order to deliver various DDF protection scenarios. The proposed architecture enables flexible assignment of backup ONU(s) in pre/post-fault conditions depending on the PON traffic load. A transient backup ONU and multiple backup ONUs can be deployed in the pre-fault and post-fault scenarios, respectively. Our extensively discussed simulation results show that our proposed architecture provides better overall throughput and drop probability compared to the architecture with a fixed DDF protection mechanism. It does so while still maintaining overall QoS performance in terms of packet delay, mean jitter, packet loss, and throughput under various fault conditions.

Computation-aware algorithm selection approach for interlaced-to-progressive conversion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Sang-Jun; Jeon, Gwanggil; Jeong, Jechang

2010-05-01

We discuss deinterlacing results in a computationally constrained and varied environment. The proposed computation-aware algorithm selection approach (CASA) for fast interlaced to progressive conversion algorithm consists of three methods: the line-averaging (LA) method for plain regions, the modified edge-based line-averaging (MELA) method for medium regions, and the proposed covariance-based adaptive deinterlacing (CAD) method for complex regions. The proposed CASA uses two criteria, mean-squared error (MSE) and CPU time, for assigning the method. We proposed a CAD method. The principle idea of CAD is based on the correspondence between the high and low-resolution covariances. We estimated the local covariance coefficients from an interlaced image using Wiener filtering theory and then used these optimal minimum MSE interpolation coefficients to obtain a deinterlaced image. The CAD method, though more robust than most known methods, was not found to be very fast compared to the others. To alleviate this issue, we proposed an adaptive selection approach using a fast deinterlacing algorithm rather than using only one CAD algorithm. The proposed hybrid approach of switching between the conventional schemes (LA and MELA) and our CAD was proposed to reduce the overall computational load. A reliable condition to be used for switching the schemes was presented after a wide set of initial training processes. The results of computer simulations showed that the proposed methods outperformed a number of methods presented in the literature.

The Impact of Implementing Web Homework in Second-Semester Calculus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LaRose, P. Gavin

2010-01-01

In this study we examine the introduction of on-line homework to a Calculus II course as a replacement for ungraded pencil-and-paper homework assignments. We consider how this had an impact on students' performance in the course, on student behavior in completing the assigned work, and on student attitudes toward it. We find that students working…

75 FR 28673 - Carolina Coastal Railway, Inc.-Acquisition and Operation Exemption-Morehead & South Fork Railroad...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-21

... Railroad Co., Inc. (MHSF) with North Carolina State Ports Authority (SPA) and to operate approximately 0.87 miles of SPA's rail line. After the effective date of the exemption, CLNA filed a letter on February 16... agreement with SPA and therefore was not assigning a lease to CLNA. Instead, MHSF assigned a freight...

Improving ETMS Default Route Assignment

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-01-01

Twenty-four hours before a scheduled flight departs, data on this flight from the Official Airline Guide (OAG) is loaded into the Enhanced Traffic Management System (ETMS). This flight is then included in the Monitor/Alert demand predictions that ETM...

Dynamic Analysis of Tunnel in Weathered Rock Subjected to Internal Blast Loading

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tiwari, Rohit; Chakraborty, Tanusree; Matsagar, Vasant

2016-11-01

The present study deals with three-dimensional nonlinear finite element (FE) analyses of a tunnel in rock with reinforced concrete (RC) lining subjected to internal blast loading. The analyses have been performed using the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian analysis tool available in FE software Abaqus/Explicit. Rock and RC lining are modeled using three-dimensional Lagrangian elements. Beam elements have been used to model reinforcement in RC lining. Three different rock types with different weathering conditions have been used to understand the response of rock when subjected to blast load. The trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive and surrounding air have been modeled using the Eulerian elements. The Drucker-Prager plasticity model with strain rate-dependent material properties has been used to simulate the stress-strain response of rock. The concrete damaged plasticity model and Johnson-Cook plasticity model have been used for the simulation of stress-strain response of concrete and steel, respectively. The explosive (TNT) has been modeled using Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state. The analysis results have been studied for stresses, deformation and damage of RC lining and the surrounding rock. It is observed that damage in RC lining results in higher stress in rock. Rocks with low modulus and high weathering conditions show higher attenuation of shock wave. Higher amount of ground shock wave propagation is observed in case of less weathered rock. Ground heave is observed under blast loading for tunnel close to ground surface.

19 CFR 142.50 - Line Release data base corrections or changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Line Release data base corrections or changes. 142...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ENTRY PROCESS Line Release § 142.50 Line Release data base corrections... numbers or bond information on a Line Release Data Loading Sheet as soon as possible. Notification shall...

19 CFR 142.50 - Line Release data base corrections or changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Line Release data base corrections or changes. 142...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ENTRY PROCESS Line Release § 142.50 Line Release data base corrections... numbers or bond information on a Line Release Data Loading Sheet as soon as possible. Notification shall...

19 CFR 142.50 - Line Release data base corrections or changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Line Release data base corrections or changes. 142...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ENTRY PROCESS Line Release § 142.50 Line Release data base corrections... numbers or bond information on a Line Release Data Loading Sheet as soon as possible. Notification shall...

19 CFR 142.50 - Line Release data base corrections or changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Line Release data base corrections or changes. 142...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ENTRY PROCESS Line Release § 142.50 Line Release data base corrections... numbers or bond information on a Line Release Data Loading Sheet as soon as possible. Notification shall...

19 CFR 142.50 - Line Release data base corrections or changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Line Release data base corrections or changes. 142...; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ENTRY PROCESS Line Release § 142.50 Line Release data base corrections... numbers or bond information on a Line Release Data Loading Sheet as soon as possible. Notification shall...

7 CFR 1726.176 - Communications and control facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... line carrier communications systems, load control, and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA...) Load control systems, communications systems, and SCADA systems—(1) Contract forms. The borrower must...

7 CFR 1726.176 - Communications and control facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... line carrier communications systems, load control, and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA...) Load control systems, communications systems, and SCADA systems—(1) Contract forms. The borrower must...

7 CFR 1726.176 - Communications and control facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... line carrier communications systems, load control, and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA...) Load control systems, communications systems, and SCADA systems—(1) Contract forms. The borrower must...

7 CFR 1726.176 - Communications and control facilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... line carrier communications systems, load control, and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA...) Load control systems, communications systems, and SCADA systems—(1) Contract forms. The borrower must...

29 CFR 1630.4 - Discrimination prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... compensation; (d) Job assignments, job classifications, organizational structures, position descriptions, lines...) Selection and financial support for training, including: apprenticeships, professional meetings, conferences...

Topical anesthesia for line insertion in very low birth weight infants.

PubMed

Garcia, O C; Reichberg, S; Brion, L P; Schulman, M

1997-01-01

This pilot study was designed to assess the impact of topical lidocaine and prilocaine cream on the pain response of very low birth weight infants undergoing percutaneous central venous line insertion. Infants were randomly assigned to receive 1 to 1.25 gm of the topical anesthetic or to receive zinc oxide placebo 1 hour before line insertion. Investigators blinded to treatment group assignment obtained serial measurements of heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry. Toxicity from lidocaine was assessed by clinical parameters, and toxic effects from prilocaine were assessed by methemoglobin levels (normal range 0% to 4%). Hearts rates increased significantly during line insertion in controls (n = 6) but not in treated patients (n = 7). Respiratory rates and blood pressure values increased significantly during line insertion in both groups. Oxygen saturation did not change significantly in either group. The percent of increase in heart and respiratory rates from baseline was attenuated in the treated patients compared with controls. Methemoglobin levels were 0.3% to 2.0% for the treated group and 0.3% to 0.7% for controls. The topical lidocaine and prilocaine cream application attenuated the lability of vital signs during line insertion in very low birth weight infants, with no evidence of toxicity.

Mapping of bovine prolactin and rhodopsin genes in hybrid somatic cells.

PubMed

Hallerman, E M; Theilmann, J L; Beckmann, J S; Soller, M; Womack, J E

1988-01-01

The genes encoding bovine prolactin and rhodopsin were assigned to syntenic groups on the basis of hybridization of DNA from a panel of bovine-hamster hybrid somatic cell lines with cloned prolactin and rhodopsin gene probes. Prolactin was found to be syntenic with previously mapped glyoxalase, BoLA and 21-hydroxylase genes, establishing a syntenic conservation with human chromosome 6. The presence of bovine rhodopsin sequences among the various hybrid cell lines was not concordant with any gene previously assigned to one of the 23 defined autosomal syntenic groups. Thus, rhodopsin marks a new bovine syntenic group, U24, leaving only five cattle autosomes unmarked by at least one biochemical or molecular marker.

SLS Intertank Test Article, ITA, is attached to crosshead of loa

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-04-04

SLS Intertank Test Article, ITA, is attached to crosshead of load test Annex, Bldg. 4619, and removed from bed of KMAG transporter. Rob Ziegler, L, and Roger Myrick, R, of Aerie Aerospace attach load lines to Aft Load Ring of Intertank Test Articlle

SLS Intertank Test Article, ITA, is attached to crosshead of loa

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-04-04

SLS Intertank Test Article, ITA, is attached to crosshead of load test Annex, Bldg. 4619, and removed from bed of KMAG transporter. Rob Ziegler, (L), and Roger Myrick (R), of Aerie Aerospace attach load lines to Aft Load Ring of Intertank Test Article.

Arc burst pattern analysis fault detection system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Russell, B. Don (Inventor); Aucoin, B. Michael (Inventor); Benner, Carl L. (Inventor)

1997-01-01

A method and apparatus are provided for detecting an arcing fault on a power line carrying a load current. Parameters indicative of power flow and possible fault events on the line, such as voltage and load current, are monitored and analyzed for an arc burst pattern exhibited by arcing faults in a power system. These arcing faults are detected by identifying bursts of each half-cycle of the fundamental current. Bursts occurring at or near a voltage peak indicate arcing on that phase. Once a faulted phase line is identified, a comparison of the current and voltage reveals whether the fault is located in a downstream direction of power flow toward customers, or upstream toward a generation station. If the fault is located downstream, the line is de-energized, and if located upstream, the line may remain energized to prevent unnecessary power outages.

46 CFR 31.10-32 - Loading information-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... § 31.10-32 Loading information—TB/ALL. (a) This section applies to each tankship and tank barge the... have the loading information prescribed in either § 42.15-1(a) or § 45.105(a) of this chapter. For tank vessels subject to the Load Line Acts the information must be approved by the Commandant or by a...

Enhanced Actuator Line Simulation of a Wind Turbine by including the Conservative Load at the Blade Tip

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Herraez, Ivan; Micallef, Daniel; van Kuik, Gijs A. M.; Peinke, Joachim

2015-11-01

At the tip of wind turbine blades, the radial bound circulation is transformed into chordwise circulation just before being released as trailing vorticity, giving rise to the tip vortex. The force acting on the chordwise circulation contains a radial and a normal component with respect to the blade axis. This load does not contribute to the torque, so it is a conservative load. Due to this, it is disregarded in the engineering tools used for the design of wind turbines. However, as we demonstrated in a previous work, the conservative load might influence the trajectory of the tip vortex. In order to see how this affects the blade loads, in this research we perform large eddy simulations with an actuator line model where the conservative load has been included. The conservative load reduces the angle of attack in the tip region as a consequence of the modified tip vortex trajectory. This has a negative influence on the lift and the power output. We conclude that the accuracy of engineering design tools of wind turbines can be improved if the conservative load acting at the tip is considered.

THE MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY OF METHYL FORMATE IN THE SECOND TORSIONAL EXCITED STATE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kobayashi, Kaori; Takamura, Kazunori; Sakai, Yusuke

2013-03-01

The cis-methyl formate molecule is a well known molecule found in interstellar space. Recently, rotational lines of methyl formate in the first CH{sub 3} torsional excited state were observed in Orion KL and W51e2. It is quite natural to observe methyl formate in even higher vibrational states considering the temperature estimated in Orion KL and W51e2. Maeda et al. reported results on the laboratory spectroscopy of methyl formate including the spectral analysis in its second CH{sub 3} torsional state. Their assignments were limited to a series of a-type R-branch lines and low K{sub a} b-type R-branch transitions, and many assignedmore » lines are excluded in the least-squares analysis. In the present study, we extended the line assignments of both the A- and E-species transitions in the second CH{sub 3} torsional state especially in the frequency region below the 120 GHz region. By combining the present assignments and those made by Maeda et al., 1951 transitions in total for the second CH{sub 3} torsional state, 1096 A-species transitions up to J = 39, and K{sub a} = 15 and 855 E-species transitions up to J = 35 and K{sub a} = 13, were least-squares analyzed by using the pseudo-principal-axis-method Hamiltonian with 42 parameters consisting of rotational, centrifugal distortion, and internal rotational constants in the second CH{sub 3} torsional state. In addition, 1012 transitions out of 1096 A-species transitions could also be least-squares analyzed by using Watson's A-reduced Hamiltonian with 43 parameters, which can serve to calculate the energy levels of the A-species lines of molecules with the CH{sub 3} internal rotation conveniently.« less

Efficacy of second-line antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV/AIDS in Asia: Results from the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database

PubMed Central

BOETTIGER, David C; NGUYEN, Van Kinh; DURIER, Nicolas; BUI, Huy Vu; SIM, Benedict Lim Heng; AZWA, Iskandar; LAW, Matthew; RUXRUNGTHAM, Kiat

2014-01-01

Background Roughly 4% of the 1.25 million patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Asia are using second-line therapy. To maximize patient benefit and regional resources it is important to optimize the timing of second-line ART initiation and use the most effective compounds available. Methods HIV positive patients enrolled in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database who had used second-line ART for ≥6 months were included. ART use and rates and predictors of second-line treatment failure were evaluated. Results There were 302 eligible patients. Most were male (76.5%) and exposed to HIV via heterosexual contact (71.5%). Median age at second-line initiation was 39.2 years, median CD4 cell count was 146 cells/mm3, and median HIV viral load was 16,224 copies/mL. Patients started second-line ART before 2007 (n=105), 2007-2010 (n=147) and after 2010 (n=50). Ritonavir-boosted lopinavir and atazanavir accounted for the majority of protease inhibitor use after 2006. Median follow-up time on second-line was 2.3 years. The rates of treatment failure and mortality per 100 patient/years were 8.8 (95%CI 7.1 to 10.9) and 1.1 (95%CI 0.6 to 1.9), respectively. Older age, high baseline viral load and use of a protease inhibitor other than lopinavir or atazanavir were associated with a significantly shorter time to second-line failure. Conclusions Increased access to viral load monitoring to facilitate early detection of first-line ART failure and subsequent treatment switch is important for maximizing the durability of second-line therapy in Asia. Although second-line ART is highly effective in the region, the reported rate of failure emphasizes the need for third-line ART in a small portion of patients. PMID:25590271

Efficacy of second-line antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV/AIDS in Asia: results from the TREAT Asia HIV observational database.

PubMed

Boettiger, David C; Nguyen, Van K; Durier, Nicolas; Bui, Huy V; Heng Sim, Benedict L; Azwa, Iskandar; Law, Matthew; Ruxrungtham, Kiat

2015-02-01

Roughly 4% of the 1.25 million patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Asia are using second-line therapy. To maximize patient benefit and regional resources, it is important to optimize the timing of second-line ART initiation and use the most effective compounds available. HIV-positive patients enrolled in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database who had used second-line ART for ≥6 months were included. ART use and rates and predictors of second-line treatment failure were evaluated. There were 302 eligible patients. Most were male (76.5%) and exposed to HIV via heterosexual contact (71.5%). Median age at second-line initiation was 39.2 years, median CD4 cell count was 146 cells per cubic millimeter, and median HIV viral load was 16,224 copies per milliliter. Patients started second-line ART before 2007 (n = 105), 2007-2010 (n = 147) and after 2010 (n = 50). Ritonavir-boosted lopinavir and atazanavir accounted for the majority of protease inhibitor use after 2006. Median follow-up time on second-line therapy was 2.3 years. The rates of treatment failure and mortality per 100 patient/years were 8.8 (95% confidence interval: 7.1 to 10.9) and 1.1 (95% confidence interval: 0.6 to 1.9), respectively. Older age, high baseline viral load, and use of a protease inhibitor other than lopinavir or atazanavir were associated with a significantly shorter time to second-line failure. Increased access to viral load monitoring to facilitate early detection of first-line ART failure and subsequent treatment switch is important for maximizing the durability of second-line therapy in Asia. Although second-line ART is highly effective in the region, the reported rate of failure emphasizes the need for third-line ART in a small portion of patients.

Method for Estimating Operational Loads on Aerospace Structures Using Span-Wisely Distributed Surface Strains

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ko, William L.; Fleischer, Van Tran

2013-01-01

This report presents a new method for estimating operational loads (bending moments, shear loads, and torques) acting on slender aerospace structures using distributed surface strains (unidirectional strains). The surface strain-sensing stations are to be evenly distributed along each span-wise strain-sensing line. A depth-wise cross section of the structure along each strain-sensing line can then be considered as an imaginary embedded beam. The embedded beam was first evenly divided into multiple small domains with domain junctures matching the strain-sensing stations. The new method is comprised of two steps. The first step is to determine the structure stiffness (bending or torsion) using surface strains obtained from a simple bending (or torsion) loading case, for which the applied bending moment (or torque) is known. The second step is to use the strain-determined structural stiffness (bending or torsion), and a new set of surface strains induced by any other loading case to calculate the associated operational loads (bending moments, shear loads, or torques). Performance of the new method for estimating operational loads was studied in light of finite-element analyses of several example structures subjected to different loading conditions. The new method for estimating operational loads was found to be fairly accurate, and is very promising for applications to the flight load monitoring of flying vehicles with slender wings.

Effects Of Suspension-Line Damping On LADT #3 And Supersonic BLDT Parachute Inflation Dynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Poole, Lamont R.

1972-01-01

A two-body computerized mathematical model is used to calculate planar dynamics of the LADT #3 and supersonic BLDT parachute inflations. Results indicate that the calculated loads and motions of the LADT #3 inflation are not affected appreciably by variation in the suspension-line damping coefficient. However, variation of the coefficient results in significant changes in the calculated loads and strain rates of the supersonic BLDT inflation.

Dimensional Analysis of Impulse Loading Resulting from Detonation of Shallow-Buried Charges

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-01

lines running along the floor, floor-bolted seats , ammunition storage racks, power-train lines, etc.). MMMS 9,3 368 Traditionally, the floor-rupture...The power of dimensional analysis is that the functional relations offered are generalized, i.e. the effect of geometrical, kinematic , ambient, loading... ejected vdet Explosive detonation velocity L/T A new quantity added which controls the time of sand-overburden bubble burst Charge/plate positioning

Fluorescence-based monitoring of tracer and substrate distribution in an UASB reactor.

PubMed

Lou, S J; Tartakovsky, B; Zeng, Y; Wu, P; Guiot, S R

2006-11-01

In this work, rhodamine-related fluorescence was measured on-line at four reactor heights in order to study hydrodynamics within an upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor. A linear dependence of the dispersion coefficient (D) on the upflow velocity was observed, while the influence of the organic loading rate (OLR) was insignificant. Furthermore, the Bodenstein number of the reactor loaded with granulated sludge was found to be position-dependent with the largest values measured at the bottom of the sludge bed. This trend was not observed in the reactor without sludge. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations were measured at the same reactor heights as in rhodamine tests using conventional off-line analytical methods and on-line multiwavelength fluorometry. Significant spatial COD and VFA gradients were observed at organic loading rates above 6g COD l(R)(-1)d(-1) and linear upflow velocities below 0.8m h(-1).

Plasma opening switch

DOEpatents

Savage, Mark E.; Mendel, Jr., Clifford W.

2001-01-01

A command triggered plasma opening switch assembly using an amplification stage. The assembly surrounds a coaxial transmission line and has a main plasma opening switch (POS) close to the load and a trigger POS upstream from the main POS. The trigger POS establishes two different current pathways through the assembly depended on whether it has received a trigger current pulse. The initial pathway has both POS's with plasma between their anodes and cathodes to form a short across the transmission line and isolating the load. The final current pathway is formed when the trigger POS receives a trigger current pulse which energizes its fast coil to push the conductive plasma out from between its anode and cathode, allowing the main transmission line current to pass to the fast coil of the main POS, thus pushing its plasma out the way so as to establish a direct current pathway to the load.

Effect of the connection gap on the heat-load characteristics of a liquid nitrogen bayonet coupling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsai, H. H.; Liu, C. P.; Hsiao, F. Z.; Huang, T. Y.; Li, H. C.; Chiou, W. S.; Chang, S. H.; Lin, T. F.

2012-12-01

A transfer system for liquid nitrogen (LN2) installed at National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC) to provide LN2 required for the superconducting equipment and experimental stations has a LN2 transfer line of length 160 m and pipeline of inner diameter 25 mm, a phase separator (250 L) and an automatic filling station. The end uses include two cryogenic systems, one Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavity, five superconducting magnets, monochromators for the beam line and filling of mobile Dewars. The transfer line is segmented and connected with bayonet couplings. The aim of this work was to investigate, by numerical simulation, the effects on the heat load of the gap thickness of the bayonet assembly and the thickness of vacuum insulation. A numerical correlation was created that has become a basis to minimize the head load for future design of bayonet couplings.

Flight performance, energetics and water turnover of tippler pigeons with a harness and dorsal load

USGS Publications Warehouse

Gessaman, J.A.; Workman, G.W.; Fuller, M.R.

1991-01-01

We measured carbon dioxide production and water efflux of 12 tippler pigeons (Columba spp.) during seven experimental flights using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. Prior to the experiment birds were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group flew as controls (no load or harness) on all seven flights. The other group wore a harness on two flights, a dorsal load/harness package (weighing about 5% of a bird's mass) on two flights, and they were without a load in three flights. Flight duration of pigeons with only a harness and with a dorsal load/harness package was 21 and 26% less, respectively, than the controls. Pigeons wearing a harness, or wearing a dorsal load/harness package lost water 50-90%, and 57-100% faster, respectively, than control pigeons. The mean CO2 production of pigeons wearing a harness or a load/harness package was not significantly different than pigeons without a harness or load. The small sample sizes and large variability in DLW measuremets precluded a good test of the energetic cost of flying with a harness and dorsal load.

Flight performance energetics and water turnovers of Tippler Pigeons with a harness and doorsal load

USGS Publications Warehouse

Gessaman, James A.; Workman, Gar W.; Fuller, Mark R.

1991-01-01

We measured carbon dioxide production and water efflux of 12 tippler pigeons (Columba spp.) during seven experimental flights using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. Prior to the experiment birds were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group flew as controls (no load or harness) on all seven flights. The other group wore a harness on two flights, a dorsal load/harness package (weighing about 5% of a birda??s mass) on two flights, and they were without a load in three flights. Plight duration of pigeons with only a harness and with a dorsal load/harness package was 21 and 26% less, respectively, than the controls. Pigeons wearing a harness, or wearing a dorsal load/harness package lost water 50-90%, and 57-100% faster, respectively, than control pigeons. The mean CO, production of pigeons wearing a harness or a load/harness package was not significantly different than pigeons without a harness or load. The small sample sizes and large variability in DLW measurements precluded a good test of the energetic cost of flying with a harness and dorsal load.

Gauche Ethyl Alcohol: Laboratory Assignments and Interstellar Identification

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pearson, J. C.; Sastry, K. V. L. N.; Herbst, Eric; DeLucia, Frank C.

1997-01-01

Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is known to possess a pair of closely spaced excited torsional substates (gauche+, gauche-) at an energy of approximately 57 K above the ground (trans) torsional substate. We report an extended analysis of some gauche - gauche+ Q-branch ((Delta)J = 0) transitions with a three-substate fixed frame axis method (FFAM) Hamiltonian. Our approach accounts for complex trans-gauche interactions for the first time. In addition, we are able to obtain intensities for perturbed rotational transitions, and to determine the trans to gauche+ separation to be 1185399.1 MHz. A complete ground state rotational-torsional partition function accounting for the previously neglected gauche substates is presented. Based on our analysis, a total of 14 U lines obtained towards Orion KL can now be assigned to gauche substates of ethanol. Analysis of these lines yields a rotational temperature of 223 K and a total (trans + gauche) column density of 7.0 x 10(exp 15)/sq cm. The column density is in reasonable agreement with the recent value of 2-3 x 10(exp 15)/sq cm based on observations of trans-ethanol by Ohishi et al., although there is some disparity in the rotational temperatures. Eight additional U lines in the literature are assigned to transitions of gauche ethanol.

The influence of the immediate visual context on incremental thematic role-assignment: evidence from eye-movements in depicted events.

PubMed

Knoeferle, Pia; Crocker, Matthew W; Scheepers, Christoph; Pickering, Martin J

2005-02-01

Studies monitoring eye-movements in scenes containing entities have provided robust evidence for incremental reference resolution processes. This paper addresses the less studied question of whether depicted event scenes can affect processes of incremental thematic role-assignment. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants inspected agent-action-patient events while listening to German verb-second sentences with initial structural and role ambiguity. The experiments investigated the time course with which listeners could resolve this ambiguity by relating the verb to the depicted events. Such verb-mediated visual event information allowed early disambiguation on-line, as evidenced by anticipatory eye-movements to the appropriate agent/patient role filler. We replicated this finding while investigating the effects of intonation. Experiment 3 demonstrated that when the verb was sentence-final and thus did not establish early reference to the depicted events, linguistic cues alone enabled disambiguation before people encountered the verb. Our results reveal the on-line influence of depicted events on incremental thematic role-assignment and disambiguation of local structural and role ambiguity. In consequence, our findings require a notion of reference that includes actions and events in addition to entities (e.g. Semantics and Cognition, 1983), and argue for a theory of on-line sentence comprehension that exploits a rich inventory of semantic categories.

Least loaded and route fragmentation aware RSA strategies for elastic optical networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Batham, Deepak; Yadav, Dharmendra Singh; Prakash, Shashi

2017-12-01

Elastic optical networks (EONs) provide flexibility to assign wide range of spectral resources to the connection requests. In this manuscript, we address two issues related to spectrum assignment in EONs: the non uniform spectrum assignment along different links of the route and the spectrum fragmentation in the network. To address these issues, two routing and spectrum assignment (RSA) strategies have been proposed: Least Loaded RSA (LLRSA) and Route Fragmentation Aware RSA (RFARSA). The LLRSA allocates spectrum homogeneously along different links in the network, where as RFARSA accords priority to the routes which are less fragmented. To highlight the salient features of the two strategies, two new metrics, route fragmentation index (RFI) and standard deviation (SD) are introduced. RFI is defined as the ratio of non-contiguous FSs to the total available free FSs on the route, and SD relates to the measure of non-uniformity in the allocation of resources on the links in the network. A simulation program has been developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed (LLRSA and RFARSA) strategies, and the existing strategies of shortest path RSA (SPRSA) and spectrum compactness based defragmentation (SCD) strategies, on the metric of RFI, bandwidth blocking probability (BBP), network capacity utilized, and SD. The variation in the metrics on the basis of number of requests and the bandwidth (number of FSs) requested has been studied. It has been conclusively established that the proposed strategies (LLRSA and RFARSA) outperform the existing strategies in terms of all the metrics.

Creating Library Interiors: Planning and Design Considerations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr.; Barton, Phillip K.

1997-01-01

Examines design considerations for public library interiors: access; acoustical treatment; assignable and nonassignable space; building interiors: ceilings, clocks, color, control, drinking fountains; exhibit space: slotwall display, floor coverings, floor loading, furniture, lighting, mechanical systems, public address, copying machines,…

The effects of food advertising and cognitive load on food choices.

PubMed

Zimmerman, Frederick J; Shimoga, Sandhya V

2014-04-10

Advertising has been implicated in the declining quality of the American diet, but much of the research has been conducted with children rather than adults. This study tested the effects of televised food advertising on adult food choice. Participants (N = 351) were randomized into one of 4 experimental conditions: exposure to food advertising vs. exposure to non-food advertising, and within each of these groups, exposure to a task that was either cognitively demanding or not cognitively demanding. The number of unhealthy snacks chosen was subsequently measured, along with total calories of the snacks chosen. Those exposed to food advertising chose 28% more unhealthy snacks than those exposed to non-food-advertising (95% CI: 7% - 53%), with a total caloric value that was 65 kcal higher (95% CI: 10-121). The effect of advertising was not significant among those assigned to the low-cognitive-load group, but was large and significant among those assigned to the high-cognitive-load group: 43% more unhealthy snacks (95% CI: 11% - 85%) and 94 more total calories (95% CI: 19-169). Televised food advertising has strong effects on individual food choice, and these effects are magnified when individuals are cognitively occupied by other tasks.

Solving Complex Problems: A Convergent Approach to Cognitive Load Measurement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zheng, Robert; Cook, Anne

2012-01-01

The study challenged the current practices in cognitive load measurement involving complex problem solving by manipulating the presence of pictures in multiple rule-based problem-solving situations and examining the cognitive load resulting from both off-line and online measures associated with complex problem solving. Forty-eight participants…

New proton drip-line nuclei relevant to nuclear astrophysics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferreira, L. S.

2018-02-01

We discuss recent results on decay of exotic proton rich nuclei at the proton drip line for Z < 50, that are of great importance for nuclear astrophysics models. From the interpretation of the data, we assign their properties, and impose a constraint on the separation energy which has strong implications in the network calculations.

School Consolidation: A Silver Lining in a Dark Cloud

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waldfogel, Dean

2011-01-01

Everyone--board members, parents, and staff--loves small schools, bur it's no secret that small schools cost more to operate, particularly if administrative and teaching staff cannot be assigned efficiently. If there is a silver lining in this dark contextual cloud, it's that political support for consolidating schools has rarely been better. The…

In Vitro Characterization and Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity Effects of Nisin and Nisin-Loaded PLA-PEG-PLA Nanoparticles on Gastrointestinal (AGS and KYSE-30), Hepatic (HepG2) and Blood (K562) Cancer Cell Lines.

PubMed

Goudarzi, Fariba; Asadi, Asadollah; Afsharpour, Maryam; Jamadi, Robab Hassanvand

2018-05-01

The aim of this study was an in vitro evaluation and comparison of the cytotoxic effects of free nisin and nisin-loaded PLA-PEG-PLA nanoparticles on gastrointestinal (AGS and KYSE-30), hepatic (HepG2), and blood (K562) cancer cell lines. To create this novel anti-cancer drug delivery system, the nanoparticles were synthesized and then loaded with nisin. Subsequently, their biocompatibility, ability to enter cells, and physicochemical properties, including formation, size, and shape, were studied using hemolysis, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Then, its loading efficiency and release kinetics were examined to assess the potential impact of this formulation for the nanoparticle carrier candidacy. The cytotoxicities of nisin and nisin-loaded nanoparticles were evaluated by using the MTT and Neutral Red (NR) uptake assays. Detections of the apoptotic cells were done via Ethidium Bromide (EB)/Acridine Orange (AO) staining. The FTIR spectra, SEM images, and DLS graph confirmed the formations of the nanoparticles and nisin-loaded nanoparticles with spherical, distinct, and smooth surfaces and average sizes of 100 and 200 nm, respectively. The loading efficiency of the latter nanoparticles was about 85-90%. The hemolysis test represented their non-cytotoxicities and the FITC images indicated their entrance inside the cells. An increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells was observed through EB/AO staining. These results demonstrated that nisin had a cytotoxic effect on AGS, KYSE-30, HepG2, and K562 cancer cell lines, while the cytotoxicity of nisin-loaded nanoparticles was more than that of the free nisin.

The Effect of Different Resistance Training Load Schemes on Strength and Body Composition in Trained Men

PubMed Central

Lopes, Charles Ricardo; Aoki, Marcelo Saldanha; Crisp, Alex Harley; de Mattos, Renê Scarpari; Lins, Miguel Alves; da Mota, Gustavo Ribeiro; Schoenfeld, Brad Jon; Marchetti, Paulo Henrique

2017-01-01

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of moderate-load (10 RM) and low-load (20 RM) resistance training schemes on maximal strength and body composition. Sixteen resistance-trained men were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: a moderate-load group (n = 8) or a low-load group (n = 8). The resistance training schemes consisted of 8 exercises performed 4 times per week for 6 weeks. In order to equate the number of repetitions performed by each group, the moderate load group performed 6 sets of 10 RM, while the low load group performed 3 sets of 20 RM. Between-group differences were evaluated using a 2-way ANOVA and independent t-tests. There was no difference in the weekly total load lifted (sets × reps × kg) between the 2 groups. Both groups equally improved maximal strength and measures of body composition after 6 weeks of resistance training, with no significant between-group differences detected. In conclusion, both moderate-load and low-load resistance training schemes, similar for the total load lifted, induced a similar improvement in maximal strength and body composition in resistance-trained men. PMID:28828088

High-resolution laser spectroscopy and magnetic effect of the B{sup ~2}E′ ← X{sup ~2}A{sub 2}′ transition of {sup 14}NO{sub 3} radical

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tada, Kohei; Kashihara, Wataru; Baba, Masaaki

2014-11-14

Rotationally resolved high-resolution fluorescence excitation spectra of {sup 14}NO{sub 3} radical have been observed for the 662 nm band, which is assigned as the 0–0 band of the B{sup ~2}E′ ←X{sup ~2}A{sub 2}′ transition, by crossing a single-mode laser beam perpendicularly to a collimated molecular beam. More than 3000 rotational lines were detected in 15 070–15 145 cm{sup −1} region, but it is difficult to find the rotational line series. Remarkable rotational line pairs, whose interval is about 0.0246 cm{sup −1}, were found in the observed spectrum. This interval is the same amount with the spin-rotation splitting of the X{sup ~2}A{sub 2}′more » (υ = 0, k = 0, N = 1) level. From this interval and the observed Zeeman splitting up to 360 G, seven line pairs were assigned as the transitions to the {sup 2}E′{sub 3/2} (J′ = 1.5) levels and 15 line pairs were assigned as the transitions to the {sup 2}E′{sub 1/2} (J′ = 0.5) levels. From the rotational analysis, we recognized that the {sup 2}E′ state splits into {sup 2}E′{sub 3/2} and {sup 2}E′{sub 1/2} by the spin-orbit interaction and the effective spin-orbit interaction constant was roughly estimated as –21 cm{sup −1}. From the number of the rotational line pairs, we concluded that the complicated rotational structure of this 662 nm band of {sup 14}NO{sub 3} mainly owes to the vibronic interaction between the B{sup ~2}E′ state and the dark A{sup ~2}E″ state through the a{sub 2}″ symmetry vibrational mode.« less

Distribution of leakage currents in the cylindrical and conical sections of the magnetically insulated transmission line of the Angara-5-1 facility in experiments with wire arrays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grabovski, E. V.; Gribov, A. N.; Samokhin, A. A.

2016-08-15

Current leakages in the magnetically insulated transmission lines (MITL) impose restrictions on the transmission of electromagnetic pulses to the load in high-power electrophysical facilities. The multimodule Angara-5-1 facility with an output electric power of up to 6 TW is considered. In this work, the experimental and calculated profiles of leakage currents in two sections of the line are compared when the eight-module facility is loaded by a wire array. The azimuthal distribution of the current in the cylindrical section of the MITL is also considered.

Reefing Line Tension in CPAS Main Parachute Clusters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ray, Eric S.

2013-01-01

Reefing lines are an essential feature to manage inflation loads. During each Engineering Development Unit (EDU) test of the Capsule Parachute Assembly System (CPAS), a chase aircraft is staged to be level with the cluster of Main ringsail parachutes during the initial inflation and reefed stages. This allows for capturing high-quality still photographs of the reefed skirt, suspension line, and canopy geometry. The over-inflation angles are synchronized with measured loads data in order to compute the tension force in the reefing line. The traditional reefing tension equation assumes radial symmetry, but cluster effects cause the reefed skirt of each parachute to elongate to a more elliptical shape. This effect was considered in evaluating multiple parachutes to estimate the semi-major and semi-minor axes. Three flight tests are assessed, including one with a skipped first stage, which had peak reefing line tension over three times higher than the nominal parachute disreef sequence.

Establishing Criteria for Assigning Personnel to Air Force Jobs Requiring Heavy Work

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-07-01

loads (for example, carrying meat at the slaughterhouse , carrying of sacks, loading wood by hand) wood cutting in the forest by hand tools, agricultural...8217 factor history. Medical Service Digest (United States Air Force), 27(2), 1976, pp. 14-16. 186 Trimeloni, Col. B.D. The Role of Women in the Air Force...Rahden. Effect of training on maximum oxygen intake and on anaerobic metabolism in man. Int. Z. Angew Physiol., 24(2), 1967, pp. 102-110. 188 Wyndham, C.H

High-resolution absorption measurements of NH3 at high temperatures: 2100-5500 cm-1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barton, Emma J.; Yurchenko, Sergei N.; Tennyson, Jonathan; Clausen, Sønnik; Fateev, Alexander

2017-03-01

High-resolution absorption spectra of NH3 in the region 2100-5500 cm-1 at 1027 °C and approximately atmospheric pressure (1045±3 mbar) are measured. An NH3 concentration of 10% in volume fraction is used in the measurements. Spectra are recorded in a high-temperature gas-flow cell using a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer at a nominal resolution of 0.09 cm-1. The spectra are analysed by comparison to a variational line list, BYTe, and experimental energy levels determined using the MARVEL procedure. 2308 lines have been assigned to 45 different bands, of which 1755 and 15 have been assigned or observed for the first time in this work.

Release of inattentional blindness by high working memory load: elucidating the relationship between working memory and selective attention.

PubMed

de Fockert, Jan W; Bremner, Andrew J

2011-12-01

An unexpected stimulus often remains unnoticed if attention is focused elsewhere. This inattentional blindness has been shown to be increased under conditions of high memory load. Here we show that increasing working memory load can also have the opposite effect of reducing inattentional blindness (i.e., improving stimulus detection) if stimulus detection is competing for attention with a concurrent visual task. Participants were required to judge which of two lines was the longer while holding in working memory either one digit (low load) or six digits (high load). An unexpected visual stimulus was presented once alongside the line judgment task. Detection of the unexpected stimulus was significantly improved under conditions of higher working memory load. This improvement in performance prompts the striking conclusion that an effect of cognitive load is to increase attentional spread, thereby enhancing our ability to detect perceptual stimuli to which we would normally be inattentionally blind under less taxing cognitive conditions. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of the relationship between working memory and selective attention. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Fiber Bundle Model Under Heterogeneous Loading

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roy, Subhadeep; Goswami, Sanchari

2018-03-01

The present work deals with the behavior of fiber bundle model under heterogeneous loading condition. The model is explored both in the mean-field limit as well as with local stress concentration. In the mean field limit, the failure abruptness decreases with increasing order k of heterogeneous loading. In this limit, a brittle to quasi-brittle transition is observed at a particular strength of disorder which changes with k. On the other hand, the model is hardly affected by such heterogeneity in the limit where local stress concentration plays a crucial role. The continuous limit of the heterogeneous loading is also studied and discussed in this paper. Some of the important results related to fiber bundle model are reviewed and their responses to our new scheme of heterogeneous loading are studied in details. Our findings are universal with respect to the nature of the threshold distribution adopted to assign strength to an individual fiber.

Statistical analysis of cascading failures in power grids

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chertkov, Michael; Pfitzner, Rene; Turitsyn, Konstantin

2010-12-01

We introduce a new microscopic model of cascading failures in transmission power grids. This model accounts for automatic response of the grid to load fluctuations that take place on the scale of minutes, when optimum power flow adjustments and load shedding controls are unavailable. We describe extreme events, caused by load fluctuations, which cause cascading failures of loads, generators and lines. Our model is quasi-static in the causal, discrete time and sequential resolution of individual failures. The model, in its simplest realization based on the Directed Current description of the power flow problem, is tested on three standard IEEE systemsmore » consisting of 30, 39 and 118 buses. Our statistical analysis suggests a straightforward classification of cascading and islanding phases in terms of the ratios between average number of removed loads, generators and links. The analysis also demonstrates sensitivity to variations in line capacities. Future research challenges in modeling and control of cascading outages over real-world power networks are discussed.« less

Coupling with concentric contact around motor shaft for line start synchronous motor

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Melfi, Michael J.; Burdeshaw, Galen E.

A method comprises providing a line-start synchronous motor. The motor has a stator, a rotor core disposed within the stator, and a motor shaft. In accordance with a step of the method, a coupling for coupling a load to the motor is provided. The coupling has a motor shaft attachment portion configured to provide substantially concentric contact around the shaft at the end of the motor shaft. The coupling has a load attachment portion configured to operatively connect to a load. In accordance with a step of the method, a load is coupled to the motor with the coupling, andmore » driven from start to at least near synchronous speed during steady state operation of the motor with a load coupled thereto. The motor shaft attachment portion may comprise a bushing assembly with matching and opposed tapered surfaces that cooperate to secure the motor shaft attachment portion around the motor shaft.« less

Microfluidic Remote Loading for Rapid Single-Step Liposomal Drug Preparation

PubMed Central

Hood, R.R.; Vreeland, W. N.; DeVoe, D.L.

2014-01-01

Microfluidic-directed formation of liposomes is combined with in-line sample purification and remote drug loading for single step, continuous-flow synthesis of nanoscale vesicles containing high concentrations of stably loaded drug compounds. Using an on-chip microdialysis element, the system enables rapid formation of large transmembrane pH and ion gradients, followed by immediate introduction of amphipathic drug for real-time remote loading into the liposomes. The microfluidic process enables in-line formation of drug-laden liposomes with drug:lipid molar ratios of up to 1.3, and a total on-chip residence time of approximately 3 min, representing a significant improvement over conventional bulk-scale methods which require hours to days for combined liposome synthesis and remote drug loading. The microfluidic platform may be further optimized to support real-time generation of purified liposomal drug formulations with high concentrations of drugs and minimal reagent waste for effective liposomal drug preparation at or near the point of care. PMID:25003823

Is Your Avatar Ethical? On-Line Course Tools that Are Methods for Student Identity and Verification

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Semple, Mid; Hatala, Jeffrey; Franks, Patricia; Rossi, Margherita A.

2011-01-01

On-line college courses present a mandate for student identity verification for accreditation and funding sources. Student authentication requires course modification to detect fraud and misrepresentation of authorship in assignment submissions. The reality is that some college students cheat in face-to-face classrooms; however, the potential for…

Factors influencing load-haul-dump operator line of sight in underground mining.

PubMed

Eger, Tammy; Salmoni, Alan; Whissell, Robert

2004-03-01

The inability of load-haul-dump (LHD) equipment operators to see people, objects or hazards around the LHD machine they drive is a causal factor in a number of serious accidents. Line of sight evaluations were conducted on 11 different LHD models. Results indicated blind spots were caused by cab posts, and vehicles lights and light brackets. Line of sight impairments were caused by wheel well covers, buckets, fire extinguisher, light posts, radiator covers, booms, radio remote boxes, elevated engine profiles and air intake cylinders. These results were supported by questionnaires completed by 130 LHD operators. The operators indicated the bucket, lights and light brackets, boom and cab impaired line of sight. Line of sight testing and LHD operator feedback indicated line of sight to the right front corner and back right corner were typically worse than line of sight to the front left side of the vehicle. Results of this study have been used to conduct awareness campaigns within the Ontario mining industry and to suggest vehicle design modifications to LHD manufacturers.

7 CFR 1724.51 - Design requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) Transmission lines. (1) All transmission line design data must be approved by RUS. (2) Design data consists of all significant design features, including, but not limited to, transmission line design data summary..., or steel towers, in which load information will be used to purchase the structures, the design data...

Wind turbine rotor simulation using the actuator disk and actuator line methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tzimas, M.; Prospathopoulos, J.

2016-09-01

The present paper focuses on wind turbine rotor modeling for loads and wake flow prediction. Two steady-state models based on the actuator disk approach are considered, using either a uniform thrust or a blade element momentum calculation of the wind turbine loads. A third model is based on the unsteady-state actuator line approach. Predictions are compared with measurements in wind tunnel experiments and in atmospheric environment and the capabilities and weaknesses of the different models are addressed.

Multi-stage rescheduling of generation, load shedding and short-term transmission capacity for emergency state control

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Krogh, B.; Chow, J.H.; Javid, H.S.

1983-05-01

A multi-stage formulation of the problem of scheduling generation, load shedding and short term transmission capacity for the alleviation of a viability emergency is presented. The formulation includes generation rate of change constraints, a linear network solution, and a model of the short term thermal overload capacity of transmission lines. The concept of rotating transmission line overloads for emergency state control is developed. The ideas are illustrated by a numerical example.

Stress and strain distribution in demineralized enamel: A micro-CT based finite element study.

PubMed

Neves, Aline Almeida; Coutinho, Eduardo; Alves, Haimon Diniz Lopes; de Assis, Joaquim Teixeira

2015-10-01

Physiological oral mechanical forces may play a role on the progression of enamel carious lesions to cavitation. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe, by 3D finite element analysis, stress, and strain patterns in sound and carious enamel after a simulated occlusal load. Micro-CT based models were created and meshed with tetrahedral elements (based on an extracted third molar), namely: a sound (ST) and a carious tooth (CT). For the CT, enamel material properties were assigned according to the micro-CT gray values. Below the threshold corresponding to the enamel lesion (2.5 g/cm(3) ) lower and isotropic elastic modulus was assigned (E = 18 GPa against E1  = 80 GPa, E2  = E3  = 20 GPa for sound enamel). Both models were imported into a FE solver where boundary conditions were assigned and a pressure load (500 MPa) was applied at the occlusal surface. A linear static analysis was performed, considering anisotropy in sound enamel. ST showed a more efficient transfer of maximum principal stress from enamel to the dentin layer, while for the CT, enamel layer was subjected to higher and concentrated loads. Maximum principal strain distributions were seen at the carious enamel surface, especially at the central fossa, correlating to the enamel cavity seen at the original micro-CT model. It is possible to conclude that demineralized enamel compromises appropriate stress transfer from enamel to dentin, contributing to the odds of fracture and cavitation. Enamel fracture over a dentin lesion may happen as one of the normal pathways to caries progression and may act as a confounding factor during clinical diagnostic decisions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Transient Three-Dimensional Side Load Analysis of Out-of-Round Film Cooled Nozzles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wang, Ten-See; Lin, Jeff; Ruf, Joe; Guidos, Mike

2010-01-01

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of nozzle out-of-roundness on the transient startup side loads at a high altitude, with an anchored computational methodology. The out-of-roundness could be the result of asymmetric loads induced by hardware attached to the nozzle, asymmetric internal stresses induced by previous tests, and deformation, such as creep, from previous tests. The rocket engine studied encompasses a regeneratively cooled thrust chamber and a film cooled nozzle extension with film coolant distributed from a turbine exhaust manifold. The computational methodology is based on an unstructured-grid, pressure-based computational fluid dynamics formulation, and a transient inlet history based on an engine system simulation. Transient startup computations were performed with the out-of-roundness achieved by four different degrees of ovalization: one perfectly round, one slightly out-of-round, one more out-of-round, and one significantly out-of-round. The results show that the separation-line-jump is the peak side load physics for the round, slightly our-of-round, and more out-of-round cases, and the peak side load increases as the degree of out-of-roundness increases. For the significantly out-of-round nozzle, however, the peak side load reduces to comparable to that of the round nozzle and the separation line jump is not the peak side load physics. The counter-intuitive result of the significantly out-of-round case is found to be related to a side force reduction mechanism that splits the effect of the separation-line-jump into two parts, not only in the circumferential direction and most importantly in time.

A novel PON based UMTS broadband wireless access network architecture with an algorithm to guarantee end to end QoS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sana, Ajaz; Hussain, Shahab; Ali, Mohammed A.; Ahmed, Samir

2007-09-01

In this paper we proposes a novel Passive Optical Network (PON) based broadband wireless access network architecture to provide multimedia services (video telephony, video streaming, mobile TV, mobile emails etc) to mobile users. In the conventional wireless access networks, the base stations (Node B) and Radio Network Controllers (RNC) are connected by point to point T1/E1 lines (Iub interface). The T1/E1 lines are expensive and add up to operating costs. Also the resources (transceivers and T1/E1) are designed for peak hours traffic, so most of the time the dedicated resources are idle and wasted. Further more the T1/E1 lines are not capable of supporting bandwidth (BW) required by next generation wireless multimedia services proposed by High Speed Packet Access (HSPA, Rel.5) for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and Evolution Data only (EV-DO) for Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000). The proposed PON based back haul can provide Giga bit data rates and Iub interface can be dynamically shared by Node Bs. The BW is dynamically allocated and the unused BW from lightly loaded Node Bs is assigned to heavily loaded Node Bs. We also propose a novel algorithm to provide end to end Quality of Service (QoS) (between RNC and user equipment).The algorithm provides QoS bounds in the wired domain as well as in wireless domain with compensation for wireless link errors. Because of the air interface there can be certain times when the user equipment (UE) is unable to communicate with Node B (usually referred to as link error). Since the link errors are bursty and location dependent. For a proposed approach, the scheduler at the Node B maps priorities and weights for QoS into wireless MAC. The compensations for errored links is provided by the swapping of services between the active users and the user data is divided into flows, with flows allowed to lag or lead. The algorithm guarantees (1)delay and throughput for error-free flows,(2)short term fairness among error-free flows,(3)long term fairness among errored and error-free flows,(4)graceful degradation for leading flows and graceful compensation for lagging flows.

Line Assignments and Position Measurements in Several Weak CO2 Bands Between 4590/cm and 7930/cm

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giver, L. P.; Kshirsagar, R. J.; Freedman, R. C.; Chackerian, C., Jr.; Wattson, R. B.; Gore, Warren J. (Technical Monitor)

1998-01-01

A substantial set of CO2 spectra from 4500 to 12000/cm has been obtained at Ames with 1500 m path length using a Bomem DA8 FTS. The signal/noise was improved compared to prior spectra obtained in this laboratory by including a filter wheel limiting the band-pass of each spectrum to several hundred per cm. We have measured positions of lines in several weak bands not previously resolved in laboratory spectra. Using our positions and assignments of lines of the Qbranch of the 31103-00001 vibrational band at 4591/cm, we have redetermined the rotational constants for the 31103f levels. Q-branch lines of this band were previously observed, but misassigned, in Venus spectra by Mandin. The current HITRAN values of the rotational constants for this level are incorrect due to the Q-branch misassignments. Our prior measurements of the 21122-00001 vibrational band at 7901/cm were limited to Q-and R-branch lines; with the improved signal/noise of these new spectra we have now measured lines in the weaker P branch. The 21122 (Gv = 790148/cm) levels are known to be perturbed by the 32211 (G(sub v) = 789757/cm) levels; new DND calculations predict that high-J lines of the forbidden 32211-00001 vibrational band 'borrow' intensity from the corresponding transitions of the 21122-00001 band. We have identified such Q- and R-branch transitions of the 32211-00001 band from 26 < J" < 44, based on our position measurements of lines in the 32211-02201 band at 6562/cm.

Transmission expansion with smart switching under demand uncertainty and line failures

DOE PAGES

Schumacher, Kathryn M.; Chen, Richard Li-Yang; Cohn, Amy E. M.

2016-06-07

One of the major challenges in deciding where to build new transmission lines is that there is uncertainty regarding future loads, renewal generation output and equipment failures. We propose a robust optimization model whose transmission expansion solutions ensure that demand can be met over a wide range of conditions. Specifically, we require feasible operation for all loads and renewable generation levels within given ranges, and for all single transmission line failures. Furthermore, we consider transmission switching as an allowable recovery action. This relatively inexpensive method of redirecting power flows improves resiliency, but introduces computational challenges. Lastly, we present a novelmore » algorithm to solve this model. Computational results are discussed.« less

Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Chemoembolization with Doxorubicin-Loaded Tightly Calibrated Small Microspheres in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Malagari, Katerina, E-mail: kmalag@otenet.gr; Kiakidis, Theodoros; Pomoni, Maria

PurposeThis study examines safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of chemoembolization with loadable microspheres ≤100 μm for hepatocellular carcinoma.Materials and MethodsA pilot safety study was performed in 19 patients with size and dose escalation and then 52 patients were enrolled prospectively and randomly assigned to chemoembolization with TANDEM™ loaded with 150 or 100 mg of doxorubicin.ResultsThe mean diameter of the tumors was 7.28 ± 2.09 cm (range 4–12) and distribution dominant/multiple 51.9/48.1 %. Child A/B distribution was 32/20 (61.5/38.5 %) and etiology HBV/HCV/HBV/HCV-hemochromatosis was 61.6/9.6/9.6/15.4 %. Twenty-five patients were assigned in the low and 27 in the high loading group. There was 1.92 % thirty-day mortality due to lesion rupture. Biliarymore » damage was seen in 3 patients (5.7 %) in the high loading. Mean maximum plasma concentration of doxorubicin C{sub max} ± SD was 284.9 ± 276.2 ng/mL for the high and 108.5 ± 77.6 ng/mL for the low loading (p < 0.001). According to m-RECIST overall objective response after two sessions reached 61.22 and 63.82 % at 6 months. Notably, complete target lesion response (CR) after the second session was observed in 28.57 % and maintained in 23.40 % at 6 months. No statistical differences in the local response rates were observed between the two loading groups. Overall survival (OS) at 6 months, 1 , 2, and 3 years was 98.08, 92.3, 88.46, and 82.6 %, respectively. OS and Progression-Free Survival did not demonstrate statistical significance between the two loading groups.ConclusionInitial evidence shows that (a) TANDEM™ achieves high rates of local response and mid-term survival, (b) high loading provides no clinical benefit and is associated with biliary toxicity.« less

30 CFR 250.1205 - Site security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... security? You must: (1) Protect Federal production against production loss or theft; (2) Post a sign at... Supervisor as soon as possible, but no later than the next business day after discovery: (i) Theft or... on lines leaving a royalty or inventory storage tank, including load-out line valves, drain-line...

30 CFR 250.1205 - Site security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Federal production against production loss or theft; (2) Post a sign at each royalty or inventory tank... meters and tanks; and (4) Report the following to the Regional Supervisor as soon as possible, but no... inventory storage tank, including load-out line valves, drain-line valves, and connection-line valves...

30 CFR 250.1205 - Site security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... security? You must: (1) Protect Federal production against production loss or theft; (2) Post a sign at... Supervisor as soon as possible, but no later than the next business day after discovery: (i) Theft or... on lines leaving a royalty or inventory storage tank, including load-out line valves, drain-line...

30 CFR 250.1205 - Site security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... security? You must: (1) Protect Federal production against production loss or theft; (2) Post a sign at... Supervisor as soon as possible, but no later than the next business day after discovery: (i) Theft or... on lines leaving a royalty or inventory storage tank, including load-out line valves, drain-line...

Lightweight In-Plane Actuated Deformable Mirrors for Space Telescopes

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-09-01

dimensional beam-string and axisymmetric plate-membrane. The beam-string (a clamped beam simultaneously under an axial load ) is an important...Tensile load versus radius. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 7.4. Actuation voltage functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179...membrane Asymptotic finite element Flint and De- noyer [45] 2003 In-plane Circular membrane Numerical least squares fit Actuators modelled as line loads

Submillimeter, millimeter, and microwave spectral line catalogue

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Poynter, R. L.; Pickett, H. M.

1980-01-01

A computer accessible catalogue of submillimeter, millimeter, and microwave spectral lines in the frequency range between O and 3000 GHz (such as; wavelengths longer than 100 m) is discussed. The catalogue was used as a planning guide and as an aid in the identification and analysis of observed spectral lines. The information listed for each spectral line includes the frequency and its estimated error, the intensity, lower state energy, and quantum number assignment. The catalogue was constructed by using theoretical least squares fits of published spectral lines to accepted molecular models. The associated predictions and their estimated errors are based upon the resultant fitted parameters and their covariances.

46 CFR 44.05-35 - Form of load line certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... steamers navigate a river or inland water, deeper loading is permitted corresponding to the weight of fuel, etc., required for consumption between the point of departure and the open sea. The upper edge of the...

46 CFR 44.05-35 - Form of load line certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... steamers navigate a river or inland water, deeper loading is permitted corresponding to the weight of fuel, etc., required for consumption between the point of departure and the open sea. The upper edge of the...

46 CFR 44.05-35 - Form of load line certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... steamers navigate a river or inland water, deeper loading is permitted corresponding to the weight of fuel, etc., required for consumption between the point of departure and the open sea. The upper edge of the...

46 CFR 44.05-35 - Form of load line certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... steamers navigate a river or inland water, deeper loading is permitted corresponding to the weight of fuel, etc., required for consumption between the point of departure and the open sea. The upper edge of the...

Synthesis of curcumin-loaded chitosan phosphate nanoparticle and study of its cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity.

PubMed

Deka, C; Aidew, L; Devi, N; Buragohain, A K; Kakati, D K

2016-11-01

Curcumin has acquired an important position in the treatment of various diseases. But its use, as a chemotherapeutic agent, is limited due to its low water solubility, poor bioavailability, and its sensitive nature at the physiological pH. To overcome this, curcumin was loaded into chitosan phosphate nanoparticles (CPNs). The loading efficiency was found to be 84%. DLS studies revealed the average particle size of CPNs and curcumin-loaded CPNs as 53 and 91 nm, respectively, and TEM results supplemented these values. A sustained release pattern was noticed and the amount of curcumin released in acidic pH was higher than at physiological pH. The curcumin nanoformulation exhibited proficient activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungus. Cytocompatibility of the nanoformulations against peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and murine monocyte-macrophage cell line was confirmed by incubating with PBMCs and murine monocyte-macrophage cell line.

In-line monitoring of Li-ion battery electrode porosity and areal loading using active thermal scanning - modeling and initial experiment

DOE PAGES

Rupnowski, Przemyslaw; Ulsh, Michael J.; Sopori, Bhushan; ...

2017-08-18

This work focuses on a new technique called active thermal scanning for in-line monitoring of porosity and areal loading of Li-ion battery electrodes. In this technique a moving battery electrode is subjected to thermal excitation and the induced temperature rise is monitored using an infra-red camera. Static and dynamic experiments with speeds up to 1.5 m min -1 are performed on both cathodes and anodes and a combined micro- and macro-scale finite element thermal model of the system is developed. It is shown experimentally and through simulations that during thermal scanning the temperature profile generated in an electrode depends onmore » both coating porosity (or area loading) and thickness. Here, it is concluded that by inverting this relation the porosity (or areal loading) can be determined, if thermal response and thickness are simultaneously measured.« less

In-line monitoring of Li-ion battery electrode porosity and areal loading using active thermal scanning - modeling and initial experiment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rupnowski, Przemyslaw; Ulsh, Michael J.; Sopori, Bhushan

This work focuses on a new technique called active thermal scanning for in-line monitoring of porosity and areal loading of Li-ion battery electrodes. In this technique a moving battery electrode is subjected to thermal excitation and the induced temperature rise is monitored using an infra-red camera. Static and dynamic experiments with speeds up to 1.5 m min -1 are performed on both cathodes and anodes and a combined micro- and macro-scale finite element thermal model of the system is developed. It is shown experimentally and through simulations that during thermal scanning the temperature profile generated in an electrode depends onmore » both coating porosity (or area loading) and thickness. Here, it is concluded that by inverting this relation the porosity (or areal loading) can be determined, if thermal response and thickness are simultaneously measured.« less

In-line monitoring of Li-ion battery electrode porosity and areal loading using active thermal scanning - modeling and initial experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rupnowski, Przemyslaw; Ulsh, Michael; Sopori, Bhushan; Green, Brian G.; Wood, David L.; Li, Jianlin; Sheng, Yangping

2018-01-01

This work focuses on a new technique called active thermal scanning for in-line monitoring of porosity and areal loading of Li-ion battery electrodes. In this technique a moving battery electrode is subjected to thermal excitation and the induced temperature rise is monitored using an infra-red camera. Static and dynamic experiments with speeds up to 1.5 m min-1 are performed on both cathodes and anodes and a combined micro- and macro-scale finite element thermal model of the system is developed. It is shown experimentally and through simulations that during thermal scanning the temperature profile generated in an electrode depends on both coating porosity (or area loading) and thickness. It is concluded that by inverting this relation the porosity (or areal loading) can be determined, if thermal response and thickness are simultaneously measured.

Development of the ITER ICH Transmission Line and Matching System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rasmussen, D. A.; Goulding, R. H.; Pesavento, P. V.; Peters, B.; Swain, D. W.; Fredd, E. H.; Hosea, J.; Greenough, N.

2011-10-01

The ITER Ion Cyclotron Heating (ICH) System is designed to couple 20 MW of heating power for ion and electron heating. Prototype components for the ITER Ion Cyclotron Heating (ICH) transmission line and matching system are being designed and tested. The ICH transmission lines are pressurized 300 mm diameter coaxial lines with water-cooled aluminum outer conductor and gas-cooled and water-cooled copper inner conductor. Each ICH transmission line is designed to handle 40-55 MHz power at up to 6 MW/line. A total of 8 lines split to 16 antenna inputs on two ICH antennas. Industrial suppliers have designed coaxial transmission line and matching components and prototypes will be manufactured. The prototype components will be qualified on a test stand operating at the full power and pulse length needed for ITER. The matching system must accommodated dynamic changes in the plasma loading due to ELMS and the L to H-mode transition. Passive ELM tolerance will be performed using hybrid couplers and loads, which can absorb the transient reflected power. The system is also designed to compensate for the mutual inductances of the antenna current straps to limit the peak voltages on the antenna array elements.

H6+ in irradiated solid para-hydrogen and its decay dynamics: reinvestigation of quartet electron paramagnetic resonance lines assigned to H2-.

PubMed

Kumada, Takayuki; Tachikawa, Hiroto; Takayanagi, Toshiyuki

2005-03-07

The quartet electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) lines observed in gamma- and X-ray irradiated solid para-H2, which have previously been assigned to H2-, are reinvestigated. We have reassigned the quartet lines to H6 rather than H2- mainly due to comparison of experimentally obtained EPR parameters to theoretical results. Based on the new assignment, trapping site, rotation, ortho-para conversion, quantum diffusion and isotope effect of H+ have been reinterpreted by the precise reanalysis as follows. The H6+ ion is composed of the collinearly aligned H2+ core at the center and two H2 rotors at both ends, occupies a single substitutional site, and has a precession motion around a crystalline axis with the angle of approximately 57 degrees. The ortho-para conversion of H2+ core of H6+ is completed within the time-scale of hours, whereas ortho-H2 molecules near H6+ convert much faster. H6+ diffuses quantum mechanically by the repetition of H6+ + H2 --> H2 + H6+ reaction. The diffusion terminates by the reaction, H6(+) + HD --> H5D(+) + H2, with a HD impurity contained in the para-H2 sample at natural abundance. Finally, we will propose a possible reason why H6+ is produced instead of H3+ in the irradiated solid H2.

Miniaturized Wilkinson Power Dividers Utilizing Capacitive Loading

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Scardelletti, Maximilian C.; Ponchak, George E.; Weller, Thomas M.

2001-01-01

This letter reports the miniaturization of a planar Wilkinson power divider by capacitive loading of the quarter wave transmission lines employed in conventional Wilkinson power dividers. Reduction of the transmission line segments from lambda/4 to between lambda/5 and lambda/12 are reported here. The input and output lines at the three ports and the lines comprising the divider itself are coplanar waveguide (CPW) and asymmetric coplanar stripline (ACPS), respectively. The 10 GHZ power dividers are fabricated on high resistivity silicon (HRS) and alumina wafers. These miniaturized dividers are 74% smaller than conventional Wilkinson power dividers, and have a return loss better than +30 dB and an insertion loss less than 0.55 dB. Design equations and a discussion about the effect of parasitic reactance on the isolation are presented for the first time.

Scaling Relations of Starburst-driven Galactic Winds

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tanner, Ryan; Cecil, Gerald; Heitsch, Fabian, E-mail: rytanner@augusta.edu

2017-07-10

Using synthetic absorption lines generated from 3D hydrodynamical simulations, we explore how the velocity of a starburst-driven galactic wind correlates with the star formation rate (SFR) and SFR density. We find strong correlations for neutral and low ionized gas, but no correlation for highly ionized gas. The correlations for neutral and low ionized gas only hold for SFRs below a critical limit set by the mass loading of the starburst, above which point the scaling relations flatten abruptly. Below this point the scaling relations depend on the temperature regime being probed by the absorption line, not on the mass loading.more » The exact scaling relation depends on whether the maximum or mean velocity of the absorption line is used. We find that the outflow velocity of neutral gas can be up to five times lower than the average velocity of ionized gas, with the velocity difference increasing for higher ionization states. Furthermore, the velocity difference depends on both the SFR and mass loading of the starburst. Thus, absorption lines of neutral or low ionized gas cannot easily be used as a proxy for the outflow velocity of the hot gas.« less

Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial: tongue strengthening exercises in head and neck cancer patients, does exercise load matter?

PubMed

Van Nuffelen, Gwen; Van den Steen, Leen; Vanderveken, Olivier; Specenier, Pol; Van Laer, Carl; Van Rompaey, Diane; Guns, Cindy; Mariën, Steven; Peeters, Marc; Van de Heyning, Paul; Vanderwegen, Jan; De Bodt, Marc

2015-09-04

Reduced tongue strength is an important factor contributing to early and late dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients previously treated with chemoradiotherapy. The evidence is growing that tongue strengthening exercises can improve tongue strength and swallowing function in both healthy and dysphagic subjects. However, little is known about the impact of specific features of an exercise protocol for tongue strength on the actual outcome (strength or swallowing function). Previous research originating in the fields of sports medicine and physical rehabilitation shows that the degree of exercise load is an influential factor for increasing muscle strength in the limb skeletal muscles. Since the tongue is considered a muscular hydrostat, it remains to be proven whether the same concepts will apply. This ongoing randomized controlled trial in chemoradiotherapy-treated patients with head and neck cancer investigates the effect of three tongue strengthening exercise protocols, with different degrees of exercise load, on tongue strength and swallowing. At enrollment, 51 patients whose dysphagia is primarily related to reduced tongue strength are randomly assigned to a training schedule of 60, 80, or 100% of their maximal tongue strength. Patients are treated three times a week for 8 weeks, executing 120 repetitions of the assigned exercise once per training day. Exercise load is progressively adjusted every 2 weeks. Patients are evaluated before, during and after treatment by means of tongue strength measurements, fiber-optic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and quality-of-life questionnaires. This randomized controlled trial is the first to systematically investigate the effect of different exercise loads in tongue strengthening exercise protocols. The results will allow the development of more efficacious protocols. Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN14447678.

The response of cylindrical panels fabricated from symmetrically and unsymmetrically laminated composite materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carper, D. M.; Johnson, E. R.; Hyer, M. W.

1983-01-01

Equations are developed which govern the deflection response of long cylindrical panels subjected to a line load. The line load is directed toward the center of curvature of the panel, is located at an arbitrary point along the arc length of the panel, and is included at an arbitrary angle relative to the radial direction. Only the geometrically linear problem is considered and the spatial dependence in the problem is reduced to one independent variable, specifically, the arc length along the panel. The problem is thus solvable in closed form. Both symmetrically laminated and the less common unsymmetrically laminated simply supported panels are studied. The unsymmetrically laminated case was considered because the natural shape of an unsymmetric laminate is cylindrical. Results are presented which show the influence of the location and inclination of the line load on panel deflection. Shallow and deep panels are considered. Both the symmetric and unsymmetric panels exhibit similar behavior, the unsymmetric configurations being less stiff. Limited experimental results are presented.

High rate of virological failure and low rate of switching to second-line treatment among adolescents and adults living with HIV on first-line ART in Myanmar, 2005-2015

PubMed Central

Harries, Anthony D.; Kumar, Ajay M. V.; Oo, Myo Minn; Kyaw, Khine Wut Yee; Win, Than; Aung, Thet Ko; Min, Aung Chan; Oo, Htun Nyunt

2017-01-01

Background The number of people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Myanmar has been increasing rapidly in recent years. This study aimed to estimate rates of virological failure on first-line ART and switching to second-line ART due to treatment failure at the Integrated HIV Care program (IHC). Methods Routinely collected data of all adolescent and adult patients living with HIV who were initiated on first-line ART at IHC between 2005 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The cumulative hazard of virological failure on first-line ART and switching to second-line ART were estimated. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios were calculated using the Cox regression model to identify risk factors associated with the two outcomes. Results Of 23,248 adults and adolescents, 7,888 (34%) were tested for HIV viral load. The incidence rate of virological failure among those tested was 3.2 per 100 person-years follow-up and the rate of switching to second-line ART among all patients was 1.4 per 100 person-years follow-up. Factors associated with virological failure included: being adolescent; being lost to follow-up at least once; having WHO stage 3 and 4 at ART initiation; and having taken first-line ART elsewhere before coming to IHC. Of the 1032 patients who met virological failure criteria, 762 (74%) switched to second-line ART. Conclusions We found high rates of virological failure among one third of patients in the cohort who were tested for viral load. Of those failing virologically on first-line ART, about one quarter were not switched to second-line ART. Routine viral load monitoring, especially for those identified as having a higher risk of treatment failure, should be considered in this setting to detect all patients failing on first-line ART. Strategies also need to be put in place to prevent treatment failure and to treat more of those patients who are actually failing. PMID:28182786

Genetic analysis of indefinite division in human cells: Evidence for a cell senescence-related gene(s) on human chromosome 4

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yi Ning; Ledbetter, D.H.; Smith, J.R.

1991-07-01

Earlier studies had demonstrated that fusion of normal with immortal human cells yielded hybrids having limited division potential. This indicated that the phenotype of limited proliferation (cellular senescence) is dominant and that immortal cells result from recessive changes in normal growth-regulatory genes. In additional studies, the authors exploited the fact that the immortal phenotype is recessive and, by fusing various immortal human cell lines with each other, identified four complementation groups for indefinite division. Assignment of cell lines to specific groups allowed us to take a focused approach to identify the chromosomes and genes involved in growth regulation that havemore » been modified in immortal cells. They report here that introduction of a normal human chromosome 4 into three immortal cell lines (HeLa, J82, T98G) assigned to complementation group B resulted in loss of proliferation and reversal of the immortal phenotype. No effect on the proliferation potential of cell lines representative of the other complementation groups was observed. This result suggests that a gene(s) involved in cellular senescence and normal growth regulation resides on chromosome 4.« less

The effects of food advertising and cognitive load on food choices

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Advertising has been implicated in the declining quality of the American diet, but much of the research has been conducted with children rather than adults. This study tested the effects of televised food advertising on adult food choice. Methods Participants (N = 351) were randomized into one of 4 experimental conditions: exposure to food advertising vs. exposure to non-food advertising, and within each of these groups, exposure to a task that was either cognitively demanding or not cognitively demanding. The number of unhealthy snacks chosen was subsequently measured, along with total calories of the snacks chosen. Results Those exposed to food advertising chose 28% more unhealthy snacks than those exposed to non-food-advertising (95% CI: 7% - 53%), with a total caloric value that was 65 kcal higher (95% CI: 10-121). The effect of advertising was not significant among those assigned to the low-cognitive-load group, but was large and significant among those assigned to the high-cognitive-load group: 43% more unhealthy snacks (95% CI: 11% - 85%) and 94 more total calories (95% CI: 19-169). Conclusions Televised food advertising has strong effects on individual food choice, and these effects are magnified when individuals are cognitively occupied by other tasks. PMID:24721289

On-line algorithms for forecasting hourly loads of an electric utility

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vemuri, S.; Huang, W.L.; Nelson, D.J.

A method that lends itself to on-line forecasting of hourly electric loads is presented, and the results of its use are compared to models developed using the Box-Jenkins method. The method consits of processing the historical hourly loads with a sequential least-squares estimator to identify a finite-order autoregressive model which, in turn, is used to obtain a parsimonious autoregressive-moving average model. The method presented has several advantages in comparison with the Box-Jenkins method including much-less human intervention, improved model identification, and better results. The method is also more robust in that greater confidence can be placed in the accuracy ofmore » models based upon the various measures available at the identification stage.« less

Technique Feature Analysis or Involvement Load Hypothesis: Estimating Their Predictive Power in Vocabulary Learning.

PubMed

Gohar, Manoochehr Jafari; Rahmanian, Mahboubeh; Soleimani, Hassan

2018-02-05

Vocabulary learning has always been a great concern and has attracted the attention of many researchers. Among the vocabulary learning hypotheses, involvement load hypothesis and technique feature analysis have been proposed which attempt to bring some concepts like noticing, motivation, and generation into focus. In the current study, 90 high proficiency EFL students were assigned into three vocabulary tasks of sentence making, composition, and reading comprehension in order to examine the power of involvement load hypothesis and technique feature analysis frameworks in predicting vocabulary learning. It was unraveled that involvement load hypothesis cannot be a good predictor, and technique feature analysis was a good predictor in pretest to posttest score change and not in during-task activity. The implications of the results will be discussed in the light of preparing vocabulary tasks.

46 CFR 160.031-2 - Type and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...: SPECIFICATIONS AND APPROVAL LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT Line-Throwing Appliance, Shoulder Gun Type (and Equipment) § 160.031-2 Type and size. (a) The shoulder gun type line-throwing appliance shall be breech-loading for the...

46 CFR 160.031-2 - Type and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...: SPECIFICATIONS AND APPROVAL LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT Line-Throwing Appliance, Shoulder Gun Type (and Equipment) § 160.031-2 Type and size. (a) The shoulder gun type line-throwing appliance shall be breech-loading for the...

46 CFR 160.031-2 - Type and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...: SPECIFICATIONS AND APPROVAL LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT Line-Throwing Appliance, Shoulder Gun Type (and Equipment) § 160.031-2 Type and size. (a) The shoulder gun type line-throwing appliance shall be breech-loading for the...

46 CFR 160.031-2 - Type and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...: SPECIFICATIONS AND APPROVAL LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT Line-Throwing Appliance, Shoulder Gun Type (and Equipment) § 160.031-2 Type and size. (a) The shoulder gun type line-throwing appliance shall be breech-loading for the...

46 CFR 160.031-2 - Type and size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...: SPECIFICATIONS AND APPROVAL LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT Line-Throwing Appliance, Shoulder Gun Type (and Equipment) § 160.031-2 Type and size. (a) The shoulder gun type line-throwing appliance shall be breech-loading for the...

Perceptual load, voluntary attention, and aging: an event-related potential study

PubMed Central

Wang, Yan; Fu, Shimin; Greenwood, Pamela; Luo, Yuejia; Parasuraman, Raja

2012-01-01

The locus of attentional selection is known to vary with perceptual load (Lavie et al., 2004). Under voluntary attention, perceptual load modulates selective visual processing at an early cortical stage, as reflected in the posterior P1 and N1 components of the event-related potentials (ERPs). Adult aging also affects both behavioral and ERP signs of attentional selection. However, it is not known whether perceptual load modulates this relationship. Accordingly, in the present study ERPs were recorded in a voluntary attention task. Young and old participants were asked to discriminate the direction of a target line embedded within a display of four lines that appeared in the left or right visual field. Participants responded faster and more accurately to valid relative to invalid trials and to low-load relative to high-load condition. Older participants responded more slowly and with lower accuracy than young participants in all conditions. The amplitudes of the posterior contralateral P1 and N1 components in valid trials were larger than that in invalid trials in all conditions. N1 amplitude was larger under the high load condition than that in the low load condition. Moreover, in the high perceptual load condition, the old group had a larger N1 than the young group at contralateral sites. The findings suggest that under voluntary attention, perceptual load and aging modulates attentional selection at an early but not the earliest stage, during the N1 (120–200ms) time range. Increased N1 amplitude in older adults may reflect increased demands on target discrimination in high perceptual load. PMID:22248536

14. BUILDING NO. 445, PHYSICS LAB (FORMERLY GUN BAG LOADING), ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

14. BUILDING NO. 445, PHYSICS LAB (FORMERLY GUN BAG LOADING), LOOKING EAST AT SOUTHWEST END OF BUILDING. HVAC EQUIPMENT LOCATED OUTDOORS IN FOREGROUND. DUCTS CONDUCT HOT OR COLD AIR INDOORS. ROUND PIPES ARE INSULATED STEAM LINES. BUILDING NO. 448, ORDNANCE FACILITY, IN BACKGROUND. - Picatinny Arsenal, 400 Area, Gun Bag Loading District, State Route 15 near I-80, Dover, Morris County, NJ

Periarticular locking plate vs intramedullary nail for tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis: a biomechanical investigation.

PubMed

Ohlson, Blake L; Shatby, Meena W; Parks, Brent G; White, Kacey L; Schon, Lew C

2011-02-01

Augmented retrograde intramedullary (IM) nail fixation was compared with augmented periarticular locking- plate fixation for tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis. Specimens in 10 matched pairs were randomly assigned to a fixation construct and loaded cyclically in dorsiflexion. The groups did not differ in initial or final stiffness, load to failure, or construct deformation. No correlation was found between bone mineral density and construct deformation for either group. A humeral locking plate may be a viable alternative to an IM nail for tibiotalocalcaneal fixation in cases not amenable to IM nailing.

29 CFR 1919.13 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... Where no design data on which to base a rating is obtainable, the safe working load ratings assigned... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false General. 1919.13 Section 1919.13 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED...

The Camp Caretaker: A Hidden Treasure.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ezersky, Eugene M.

1996-01-01

At a round-table discussion, five camp caretakers identified common camp maintenance problems. Snow loads, wooden floors, storage of lake equipment, removal of grass cuttings and leaves, local suppliers, vandalism and trespassing, swimming pools, assigning work, use of outside contractors, decisions to replace or repair, job satisfaction, and…

Radio-frequency and microwave load comprising a carbon-bonded carbon fiber composite

DOEpatents

Lauf, R.J.; McMillan, A.D.; Johnson, A.C.; Everleigh, C.A.; Moorhead, A.J.

1998-04-21

A billet of low-density carbon-bonded carbon fiber (CBCF) composite is machined into a desired attenuator or load element shape (usually tapering). The CBCF composite is used as a free-standing load element or, preferably, brazed to the copper, brass or aluminum components of coaxial transmission lines or microwave waveguides. A novel braze method was developed for the brazing step. The resulting attenuator and/or load devices are robust, relatively inexpensive, more easily fabricated, and have improved performance over conventional graded-coating loads. 9 figs.

Radio-frequency and microwave load comprising a carbon-bonded carbon fiber composite

DOEpatents

Lauf, Robert J.; McMillan, April D.; Johnson, Arvid C.; Everleigh, Carl A.; Moorhead, Arthur J.

1998-01-01

A billet of low-density carbon-bonded carbon fiber (CBCF) composite is machined into a desired attenuator or load element shape (usually tapering). The CBCF composite is used as a free-standing load element or, preferably, brazed to the copper, brass or aluminum components of coaxial transmission lines or microwave waveguides. A novel braze method was developed for the brazing step. The resulting attenuator and/or load devices are robust, relatively inexpensive, more easily fabricated, and have improved performance over conventional graded-coating loads.

System and method to allow a synchronous motor to successfully synchronize with loads that have high inertia and/or high torque

DOEpatents

Melfi, Michael J.

2015-10-20

A mechanical soft-start type coupling is used as an interface between a line start, synchronous motor and a heavy load to enable the synchronous motor to bring the heavy load up to or near synchronous speed. The soft-start coupling effectively isolates the synchronous motor from the load for enough time to enable the synchronous motor to come up to full speed. The soft-start coupling then brings the load up to or near synchronous speed.

Loaded delay lines for future RF pulse compression systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jones, R.M.; Wilson, P.B.; Kroll, N.M.

1995-05-01

The peak power delivered by the klystrons in the NLCRA (Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator) now under construction at SLAC is enhanced by a factor of four in a SLED-II type of R.F. pulse compression system (pulse width compression ratio of six). To achieve the desired output pulse duration of 250 ns, a delay line constructed from a 36 m length of circular waveguide is used. Future colliders, however, will require even higher peak power and larger compression factors, which favors a more efficient binary pulse compression approach. Binary pulse compression, however, requires a line whose delay time is approximatelymore » proportional to the compression factor. To reduce the length of these lines to manageable proportions, periodically loaded delay lines are being analyzed using a generalized scattering matrix approach. One issue under study is the possibility of propagating two TE{sub o} modes, one with a high group velocity and one with a group velocity of the order 0.05c, for use in a single-line binary pulse compression system. Particular attention is paid to time domain pulse degradation and to Ohmic losses.« less

7 CFR 1724.51 - Design requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., galloping or conductor separation, design loads, structure strength limitations, insulator selection and design, guying requirements, and vibration considerations. For lines composed of steel or concrete poles, or steel towers, in which load information will be used to purchase the structures, the design data...

7 CFR 1724.51 - Design requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., galloping or conductor separation, design loads, structure strength limitations, insulator selection and design, guying requirements, and vibration considerations. For lines composed of steel or concrete poles, or steel towers, in which load information will be used to purchase the structures, the design data...

7 CFR 1724.51 - Design requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., galloping or conductor separation, design loads, structure strength limitations, insulator selection and design, guying requirements, and vibration considerations. For lines composed of steel or concrete poles, or steel towers, in which load information will be used to purchase the structures, the design data...

Unstructured P2P Network Load Balance Strategy Based on Multilevel Partitioning of Hypergraph

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Lv; Chunlin, Gao; Kaiyang, Ma

2017-05-01

With rapid development of computer performance and distributed technology, P2P-based resource sharing mode plays important role in Internet. P2P network users continued to increase so the high dynamic characteristics of the system determine that it is difficult to obtain the load of other nodes. Therefore, a dynamic load balance strategy based on hypergraph is proposed in this article. The scheme develops from the idea of hypergraph theory in multilevel partitioning. It adopts optimized multilevel partitioning algorithms to partition P2P network into several small areas, and assigns each area a supernode for the management and load transferring of the nodes in this area. In the case of global scheduling is difficult to be achieved, the priority of a number of small range of load balancing can be ensured first. By the node load balance in each small area the whole network can achieve relative load balance. The experiments indicate that the load distribution of network nodes in our scheme is obviously compacter. It effectively solves the unbalanced problems in P2P network, which also improve the scalability and bandwidth utilization of system.

Development of an Advanced Grid-Connected PV-ECS System Considering Solar Energy Estimation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rahman, Md. Habibur; Yamashiro, Susumu; Nakamura, Koichi

In this paper, the development and the performance of a viable distributed grid-connected power generation system of Photovoltaic-Energy Capacitor System (PV-ECS) considering solar energy estimation have been described. Instead of conventional battery Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC) are used as storage device and Photovoltaic (PV) panel to generate power from solar energy. The system can generate power by PV, store energy when the demand of load is low and finally supply the stored energy to load during the period of peak demand. To realize the load leveling function properly the system will also buy power from grid line when load demand is high. Since, the power taken from grid line depends on the PV output power, a procedure has been suggested to estimate the PV output power by calculating solar radiation. In order to set the optimum value of the buy power, a simulation program has also been developed. Performance of the system has been studied for different load patterns in different weather conditions by using the estimated PV output power with the help of the simulation program.

Influence of the conservative rotor loads on the near wake of a wind turbine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Herráez, I.; Micallef, D.; van Kuik, G. A. M.

2017-05-01

The presence of conservative forces on rotor blades is neglected in the blade element theory and all the numerical methods derived from it (like e.g. the blade element momentum theory and the actuator line technique). This might seem a reasonable simplification of the real flow of rotor blades, since conservative loads, by definition, do not contribute to the power conversion. However, conservative loads originating from the chordwise bound vorticity might affect the tip vortex trajectory, as we discussed in a previous work. In that work we also hypothesized that this effect, in turn, could influence the wake induction and correspondingly the rotor performance. In the current work we extend a standard actuator line model in order to account for the conservative loads at the blade tip. This allows to isolate the influence of conservative forces from other effects. The comparison of numerical results with and without conservative loads enables to confirm qualitatively their relevance for the near wake and the rotor performance. However, an accurate quantitative assessment of the effect still remains out of reach due to the inherent uncertainty of the numerical model.

Monitoring of fatigue damage in composite lap-joints using guided waves and FBG sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karpenko, Oleksii; Khomenko, Anton; Koricho, Ermias; Haq, Mahmoodul; Udpa, Lalita

2016-02-01

Adhesive bonding is being increasingly employed in many applications as it offers possibility of light-weighting and efficient multi-material joining along with reduction in time and cost of manufacturing. However, failure initiation and progression in critical components like joints, specifically in fatigue loading is not well understood, which necessitates reliable NDE and SHM techniques to ensure structural integrity. In this work, concurrent guided wave (GW) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor measurements were used to monitor fatigue damage in adhesively bonded composite lap-joints. In the present set-up, one FBG sensor was strategically embedded in the adhesive bond-line of a lap-joint, while two other FBGs were bonded on the surface of the adherends. Full spectral responses of FBG sensors were collected and compared at specific intervals of fatigue loading. In parallel, guided waves were actuated and sensed using PZT wafers mounted on the composite adherends. Experimental results demonstrated that time-of-flight (ToF) of the fundamental modes transmitted through the bond-line and spectral response of FBG sensors were sensitive to fatigue loading and damage. Combination of guided wave and FBG measurements provided the desired redundancy and synergy in the data to evaluate the degradation in bond-line properties. Measurements taken in the presence of continuously applied load replicated the in-situ/service conditions. The approach shows promise in understanding the behavior of bonded joints subjected to complex loading.

26 CFR 1.414(r)-7 - Determination of the employees of an employer's qualified separate lines of business.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... qualified separate lines of business. 1.414(r)-7 Section 1.414(r)-7 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE..., Profit-Sharing, Stock Bonus Plans, Etc. § 1.414(r)-7 Determination of the employees of an employer's... residual shared employee as defined in § 1.414(r)-11(b)(2) and (4)) is assigned to a single qualified...

26 CFR 1.414(r)-7 - Determination of the employees of an employer's qualified separate lines of business.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... qualified separate lines of business. 1.414(r)-7 Section 1.414(r)-7 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE..., Profit-Sharing, Stock Bonus Plans, Etc. § 1.414(r)-7 Determination of the employees of an employer's... residual shared employee as defined in § 1.414(r)-11(b)(2) and (4)) is assigned to a single qualified...

26 CFR 1.414(r)-7 - Determination of the employees of an employer's qualified separate lines of business.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... qualified separate lines of business. 1.414(r)-7 Section 1.414(r)-7 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE..., Profit-Sharing, Stock Bonus Plans, Etc. § 1.414(r)-7 Determination of the employees of an employer's... residual shared employee as defined in § 1.414(r)-11(b)(2) and (4)) is assigned to a single qualified...

26 CFR 1.414(r)-7 - Determination of the employees of an employer's qualified separate lines of business.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... qualified separate lines of business. 1.414(r)-7 Section 1.414(r)-7 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE..., Profit-Sharing, Stock Bonus Plans, Etc. § 1.414(r)-7 Determination of the employees of an employer's... residual shared employee as defined in § 1.414(r)-11(b)(2) and (4)) is assigned to a single qualified...

26 CFR 1.414(r)-7 - Determination of the employees of an employer's qualified separate lines of business.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... qualified separate lines of business. 1.414(r)-7 Section 1.414(r)-7 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE...-Sharing, Stock Bonus Plans, Etc. § 1.414(r)-7 Determination of the employees of an employer's qualified... residual shared employee as defined in § 1.414(r)-11(b)(2) and (4)) is assigned to a single qualified...

Study of a High Voltage Ion Engine Power Supply

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stuart, Thomas A.; King, Roger J.; Mayer, Eric

1996-01-01

A complete laboratory breadboard version of a ion engine power converter was built and tested. This prototype operated on a line voltage of 80-120 Vdc, and provided output ratings of 1100 V at 1.8 kW, and 250 V at 20 mA. The high-voltage (HV) output voltage rating was revised from the original value of 1350 V at the beginning of the project. The LV output was designed to hold up during a 1-A surge current lasting up to 1 second. The prototype power converter included a internal housekeeping power supply which also operated from the line input. The power consumed in housekeeping was included in the overall energy budget presented for the ion engine converter. HV and LV output voltage setpoints were commanded through potentiometers. The HV converter itself reached its highest power efficiency of slightly over 93% at low line and maximum output. This would dip below 90% at high line. The no-load (rated output voltages, zero load current) power consumption of the entire system was less than 13 W. A careful loss breakdown shows that converter losses are predominately Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) conduction losses and HV rectifier snubbing losses, with the rectifier snubbing losses becoming predominant at high line. This suggests that further improvements in power efficiency could best be obtained by either developing a rectifier that was adequately protected against voltage overshoot with less snubbing, or by developing a pre-regulator to reduced the range of line voltage on the converter. The transient testing showed the converter to be fully protected against load faults, including a direct short-circuit from the HV output to the LV output terminals. Two currents sensors were used: one to directly detect any core ratcheting on the output transformer and re-initiate a soft start, and the other to directly detect a load fault and quickly shut down the converter for load protection. The finished converter has been extensively fault tested without failure. The finished converter has been packaged suitable for use as a laboratory prototype for further testing. The finished converter is readily transportable. An article on design issues for high voltage converters for ion engines is included as an attachement.

On the design of high-rise buildings with a specified level of reliability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dolganov, Andrey; Kagan, Pavel

2018-03-01

High-rise buildings have a specificity, which significantly distinguishes them from traditional buildings of high-rise and multi-storey buildings. Steel structures in high-rise buildings are advisable to be used in earthquake-proof regions, since steel, due to its plasticity, provides damping of the kinetic energy of seismic impacts. These aspects should be taken into account when choosing a structural scheme of a high-rise building and designing load-bearing structures. Currently, modern regulatory documents do not quantify the reliability of structures. Although the problem of assigning an optimal level of reliability has existed for a long time. The article shows the possibility of designing metal structures of high-rise buildings with specified reliability. Currently, modern regulatory documents do not quantify the reliability of high-rise buildings. Although the problem of assigning an optimal level of reliability has existed for a long time. It is proposed to establish the value of reliability 0.99865 (3σ) for constructions of buildings and structures of a normal level of responsibility in calculations for the first group of limiting states. For increased (construction of high-rise buildings) and reduced levels of responsibility for the provision of load-bearing capacity, it is proposed to assign respectively 0.99997 (4σ) and 0.97725 (2σ). The coefficients of the use of the cross section of a metal beam for different levels of security are given.

47 CFR 90.631 - Trunked systems loading, construction and authorization requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) SAFETY AND SPECIAL RADIO SERVICES PRIVATE LAND MOBILE RADIO SERVICES Regulations Governing Licensing and... Processing of Applications and the Selection and Assignment of Frequencies for Use in the 806-824 Mhz, 851... one hundred (100) mobile stations per channel. For purposes of determining compliance with trunked...

The Effects of Attention Cueing on Visualizers' Multimedia Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yang, Hui-Yu

2016-01-01

The present study examines how various types of attention cueing and cognitive preference affect learners' comprehension of a cardiovascular system and cognitive load. EFL learners were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: non-signal, static-blood-signal, static-blood-static-arrow-signal, and animation-signal. The results indicated that…

47 CFR 90.633 - Conventional systems loading requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... of mobile stations justifies the total number of authorized based frequencies in a given area, the.... If this cannot be determined, it will be counted fractionally over the number of base station... (70) mobile stations for each channel authorized. (b) A channel will not be assigned to additional...

7 CFR 1780.33 - Application requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... time lines. (g) The applicant's Internal Revenue Service Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN). The TIN will be used by the Agency to assign a case number which will be the applicant's or transferee's TIN...

7 CFR 1780.33 - Application requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... time lines. (g) The applicant's Internal Revenue Service Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN). The TIN will be used by the Agency to assign a case number which will be the applicant's or transferee's TIN...

7 CFR 1780.33 - Application requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... time lines. (g) The applicant's Internal Revenue Service Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN). The TIN will be used by the Agency to assign a case number which will be the applicant's or transferee's TIN...

7 CFR 1780.33 - Application requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... time lines. (g) The applicant's Internal Revenue Service Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN). The TIN will be used by the Agency to assign a case number which will be the applicant's or transferee's TIN...

7 CFR 1780.33 - Application requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... time lines. (g) The applicant's Internal Revenue Service Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN). The TIN will be used by the Agency to assign a case number which will be the applicant's or transferee's TIN...

A Structural Weight Estimation Program (SWEEP) for Aircraft. Volume 11 - Flexible Airloads Stand-Alone Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-06-01

stiffness, lb-in. I Integer used to designate wing strip number 2 I Airplanw pitching moment of inertia, slug ft 2 I Airplane yawing moment of inertia...slug ft J Integer used to designated wing-loading distribution, i.e., J-l, loading due to angle of attack J=2> loading due to flap deflection J-3...moment at intersection of load reference line and body interface station (for vertical tail), in.-lb Integer used to designate type of wing airload