The Rotational Spectrum of Anti-Ethylamine (CH3CH2NH2) from 10 to 270 GHz: A Laboratory Study and Astronomical Search in Sgr B2(N)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Apponi, A. J.; Sun, M.; Halfen, D. T.; Ziurys, L. M.; Müller, H. S. P.

2008-02-01

The pure rotational spectrum of the lowest energy (anti-) conformer of ethylamine (CH3CH2NH2) has been measured in the frequency range of 10-270 GHz. The spectrum was recorded using both millimeter-wave absorption spectroscopy and Fourier transform microwave (FTMW) techniques. Ten rotational transitions of this molecule were recorded in the frequency range of 10-40 GHz using FTMW methods, resulting in the assignment of 53 quadrupole-resolved hyperfine lines; in the millimeter-wave region (48-270 GHz), nearly 600 transitions were assigned to the ground (anti-) state. The amine group in CH3CH2NH2 undergoes inversion, resulting in a doubling that is frequently small and most apparent in the low-frequency K-doubling transitions. In addition, seemingly random rotational levels of this molecule were found to be significantly perturbed. The cause of these perturbations is presently uncertain, but torsion-rotation interactions with the higher lying gauche conformers seem to be a likely explanation. An astronomical search was conducted for ethylamine toward Sgr B2(N) using the Kitt Peak 12 m antenna and the Sub-Millimeter Telescope (SMT) of the Arizona Radio Observatory. Frequencies of 70 favorable rotational transitions were observed in this search, which covered the range 68-263 GHz. Ethylamine was not conclusively detected in Sgr B2(N), with an upper limit to the column density of (1-8) × 1013 cm-2 with f(CH3CH2NH2/H2) ~ (0.3-3) × 10-11, assuming a rotational temperature of 50-220 K. These observations indicate a gas-phase CH3CH2NH2/CH3NH2 ratio of <0.001-0.01, in contrast to the nearly equal ratio suggested by the acid hydrolysis of cometary solids from the Stardust mission.

A racetrack mode-locked silicon evanescent laser.

PubMed

Fang, Alexander W; Koch, Brian R; Gan, Kian-Giap; Park, Hyundai; Jones, Richard; Cohen, Oded; Paniccia, Mario J; Blumenthal, Daniel J; Bowers, John E

2008-01-21

By utilizing a racetrack resonator topography, an on-chip mode locked silicon evanescent laser (ML-SEL) is realized that is independent of facet polishing. This enables integration with other devices on silicon and precise control of the ML-SEL's repetition rate through lithographic definition of the cavity length. Both passive and hybrid mode-locking have been achieved with transform limited, 7 ps pulses emitted at a repetition rate of 30 GHz. Jitter and locking range are measured under hybrid mode locking with a minimum absolute jitter and maximum locking range of 364 fs, and 50 MHz, respectively.

A 311-GHz Fundamental Oscillator Using InP HBT Technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gaier, Todd; Fung, King Man; Samoska, Lorene; Radisic, Vesna; Sawdai, Donald; Scott, Dennis; Deal, W.R.

2010-01-01

This oscillator uses a single-emitter 0.3- m InP heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) device with maximum frequency of oscillation (fmax) greater than 500 GHz. Due to high conductor and substrate losses at submillimeterwave frequencies, a primary challenge is to efficiently use the intrinsic device gain. This was done by using a suitable transmission-line media and circuit topology. The passive components of the oscillator are realized in a twometal process with benzocyclobutene (BCB) used as the primary transmission line dielectric. The circuit was designed using microstrip transmission lines. The oscillator is implemented in a common-base topology due to its inherent instability, and the design includes an on-chip resonator, outputmatching circuitry, and an injection-locking port, the port being used to demonstrate the injection-locking prin ciple. A free-running frequency of 311.6 GHz has been measured by down-converting the signal. Ad di tionally, injection locking has been successfully demonstrated with up to 17.8 dB of injection-locking gain. The injection-locking reference signal is generated using a 2 20 GHz frequency synthesizer, followed by a doubler, active tripler, a W-band amplifier, and then a passive tripler. Therefore, the source frequency is multiplied 18 times to obtain a signal above 300 GHz that can be used to injection lock the oscillator. Measurement shows that injection locking has improved the phase noise of the oscillator and can be also used for synchronizing a series of oscillators. A signal conductor is implemented near the BCP -InP interface and the topside of the BCB layer is fully metallized as a signal ground. Because the fields are primarily constrained in the lower permittivity BCB region, this type of transmission line is referred to as an inverted microstrip. In addition, both common-emitter and commonbase circuits were investigated to determine optimum topology for oscillator design. The common -base topology required smaller

Laser-diode pumped self-mode-locked praseodymium visible lasers with multi-gigahertz repetition rate.

PubMed

Zhang, Yuxia; Yu, Haohai; Zhang, Huaijin; Di Lieto, Alberto; Tonelli, Mauro; Wang, Jiyang

2016-06-15

We demonstrate efficient laser-diode pumped multi-gigahertz (GHz) self-mode-locked praseodymium (Pr³⁺) visible lasers with broadband spectra from green to deep red for the first time to our knowledge. With a Pr³⁺-doped GdLiF₄ crystal, stable self-mode-locked visible pulsed lasers at the wavelengths of 522 nm, 607 nm, 639 nm, and 720 nm have been obtained with the repetition rates of 2.8 GHz, 3.1 GHz, 3.1 GHz, and 3.0 GHz, respectively. The maximum output power was 612 mW with the slope efficiency of 46.9% at 639 nm. The mode-locking mechanism was theoretically analyzed. The stable second-harmonic mode-locking with doubled repetition frequency was also realized based on the Fabry-Perot effect formed in the laser cavity. In addition, we find that the polarization directions were turned with lasing wavelengths. This work may provide a new way for generating efficient ultrafast pulses with high- and changeable-repetition rates in the visible range.

Optical injection phase-lock loops

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bordonalli, Aldario Chrestani

Locking techniques have been widely applied for frequency synchronisation of semiconductor lasers used in coherent communication and microwave signal generation systems. Two main locking techniques, the optical phase-lock loop (OPLL) and optical injection locking (OIL) are analysed in this thesis. The principal limitations on OPLL performance result from the loop propagation delay, which makes difficult the implementation of high gain and wide bandwidth loops, leading to poor phase noise suppression performance and requiring the linewidths of the semiconductor laser sources to be less than a few megahertz for practical values of loop delay. The OIL phase noise suppression is controlled by the injected power. The principal limitations of the OIL implementation are the finite phase error under locked conditions and the narrow stable locking range the system provides at injected power levels required to reduce the phase noise output of semiconductor lasers significantly. This thesis demonstrates theoretically and experimentally that it is possible to overcome the limitations of OPLL and OIL systems by combining them, to form an optical injection phase-lock loop (OIPLL). The modelling of an OIPLL system is presented and compared with the equivalent OPLL and OIL results. Optical and electrical design of an homodyne OIPLL is detailed. Experimental results are given which verify the theoretical prediction that the OIPLL would keep the phase noise suppression as high as that of the OIL system over a much wider stable locking range, even with wide linewidth lasers and long loop delays. The experimental results for lasers with summed linewidth of 36 MHz and a loop delay of 15 ns showed measured phase error variances as low as 0.006 rad2 (500 MHz bandwidth) for locking bandwidths greater than 26 GHz, compared with the equivalent OPLL phase error variance of around 1 rad2 (500 MHz bandwidth) and the equivalent OIL locking bandwidth of less than 1.2 GHz.

Advanced, phase-locked, 100 kW, 1.3 GHz magnetron

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Read, Michael; Ives, R. Lawrence; Bui, Thuc

Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., in collaboration with Fermilab and Communications & Power Industries, LLC, is developing a phase-locked, 100 kW peak, 10 kW average power magnetron-based RF system for driving accelerators. Here, phase locking will be achieved using an approach originating at Fermilab that includes control of both amplitude and phase on a fast time scale.

Advanced, phase-locked, 100 kW, 1.3 GHz magnetron

DOE PAGES

Read, Michael; Ives, R. Lawrence; Bui, Thuc; ...

2017-03-06

Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., in collaboration with Fermilab and Communications & Power Industries, LLC, is developing a phase-locked, 100 kW peak, 10 kW average power magnetron-based RF system for driving accelerators. Here, phase locking will be achieved using an approach originating at Fermilab that includes control of both amplitude and phase on a fast time scale.

The 30 GHz communications satellite low noise receiver

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steffek, L. J.; Smith, D. W.

1983-01-01

A Ka-band low noise front end in proof of concept (POC) model form for ultimate spaceborne communications receiver deployment was developed. The low noise receiver consists of a 27.5 to 30.0 GHz image enhanced mixer integrated with a 3.7 to 6.2 GHz FET low noise IF amplifier and driven by a self contained 23.8 GHz phase locked local oscillator source. The measured level of receiver performance over the 27.3 to 30.0 GHz RF/3.7 to 6.2 GHz IF band includes 5.5 to 6.5 dB (typ) SSB noise figure, 20.5 + or - 1.5 dB conversion gain and +23 dBm minimum third order two tone intermodulation output intercept point.

Ultrafast mode-locked fiber lasers for high-speed OTDM transmission and related topics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakazawa, Masataka

Ultrashort optical pulse sources in the 1.5-µm region are becoming increasingly important in terms of realizing ultrahigh-speed optical transmission and signal processing at optical nodes. This paper provides a detailed description of several types of mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser, which are capable of generating picosecond-femtosecond optical pulses in the 1.55-µm region. In terms of ultrashort pulse generation at a low repetition rate (˜100 MHz), passively mode-locked fiber lasers enable us to produce pulses of approximately 100 fs. With regard to high repetition rate pulse generation at 10-40 GHz, harmonically mode-locked fiber lasers can produce picosecond pulses. This paper also describes the generation of a femtosecond pulse train at a repetition rate of 10-40 GHz by compressing the output pulses from harmonically mode-locked fiber lasers with dispersion-decreasing fibers. Finally, a new Cs optical atomic clock at a frequency of 9.1926 GHz is reported that uses a re-generatively mode-locked fiber laser as an opto-electronic oscillator instead of a quartz oscillator. The repetition rate stability reaches as high as 10-12-10-13.

A 4 GHz phase locked loop design in 65 nm CMOS for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parkalian, N.; Robens, M.; Grewing, C.; Christ, V.; Kruth, A.; Liebau, D.; Muralidharan, P.; Nielinger, D.; Roth, C.; Yegin, U.; Zambanini, A.; van Waasen, S.

2018-02-01

This paper presents a 4 GHz phase locked loop (PLL), which is implemented in a 65 nm standard CMOS process to provide low noise and high frequency sampling clocks for readout electronics to be used in the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment. Based on the application requirements the target of the design is to find the best compromise between power consumption, area and phase noise for a highly reliable topology. The design implements a novel method for the charge pump that suppresses current mismatch when the PLL is locked. This reduces static phase offset at the inputs of the phase-frequency detector (PFD) that otherwise would introduce spurs at the PLL output. In addition, a technique of amplitude regulation for the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is presented to provide low noise and reliable operation. The combination of thin and thick oxide varactor transistors ensures optimum tuning range and linearity over process as well as temperature changes for the VCO without additional calibration steps. The current mismatch at the output of the charge pump for the control voltage at about half the 1 V supply voltage is below 0.3% and static phase offset down to 0.25% is reached. The total PLL consumes 18.5 mW power at 1.8 V supply for the VCO and 1 V supply for the other parts.

Phase locking of a 2.7 THz quantum cascade laser to a microwave reference.

PubMed

Khosropanah, P; Baryshev, A; Zhang, W; Jellema, W; Hovenier, J N; Gao, J R; Klapwijk, T M; Paveliev, D G; Williams, B S; Kumar, S; Hu, Q; Reno, J L; Klein, B; Hesler, J L

2009-10-01

We demonstrate the phase locking of a 2.7 THz metal-metal waveguide quantum cascade laser (QCL) to an external microwave signal. The reference is the 15th harmonic, generated by a semiconductor superlattice nonlinear device, of a signal at 182 GHz, which itself is generated by a multiplier chain (x12) from a microwave synthesizer at approximately 15 GHz. Both laser and reference radiations are coupled into a bolometer mixer, resulting in a beat signal, which is fed into a phase-lock loop. The spectral analysis of the beat signal confirms that the QCL is phase locked. This result opens the possibility to extend heterodyne interferometers into the far-infrared range.

Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Cascade Laser to a Microwave Reference

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Khosropanah, P.; Baryshev, A.; Zhang, W.; Jellema, W.; Hovenier, J. N.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Paveliev, D. G.; Williams, B. S.; Hu, Q.;

Phase-locking of a 2.7-THz Quantum Cascade Laser to a Microwave Reference

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baryshev, A. M.; Khosropanah, P.; Zhang, W.; Jellema, W.; Hovenier, J. N.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Paveliev, D. G.; William, B. S.; Kumar, S.; Hu, Q.; Reno, J. L.; Klein, B.; Hesler, J. L.

2009-04-01

We demonstrate phase-locking of a 2.7-THz metal-metal waveguide quantum cascade laser (QCL) to an external microwave signal. The reference is the 15th harmonic, generated by a semiconductor superlattice nonlinear device, of a signal at 182 GHz, which itself is generated by a multiplier-chain (x2x3x2) from a microwave synthesizer at 15 GHz. Both laser and reference radiations are coupled into a hot electron bolometer mixer, resulting in a beat signal, which is fed into a phase-lock loop. Spectral analysis of the beat signal (see fig. 1) confirms that the QCL is phase locked. This result opens the possibility to extend heterodyne interferometers into the far-infrared range.

Modulation properties of optically injection-locked quantum cascade lasers.

PubMed

Wang, Cheng; Grillot, Fédéric; Kovanis, Vassilios I; Bodyfelt, Joshua D; Even, Jacky

2013-06-01

A rate equation analysis on the modulation response of an optical injection-locked quantum cascade laser is outlined. It is found that the bifurcation diagram exhibits both bistable and unstable locked regions. In addition, the stable locked regime widens as the linewidth enhancement factor increases. It is also shown that both positive and negative optical detunings as well as strong injection strength enhance the 3 dB modulation bandwidth by as much as 30 GHz. Finally, the peak in the modulation response is significantly influenced by the optical frequency detuning.

40 CFR 440.145-440.147 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.145-440.147 Section 440.145-440.147 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Gold Placer Mine Subcategory §§ 440.145...

40 CFR 440.145-440.147 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.145-440.147 Section 440.145-440.147 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Gold Placer Mine Subcategory §§ 440.145...

Flux effect analysis in WWER-440 reactor pressure vessel steels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kryukov, A.; Blagoeva, D.; Debarberis, L.

2013-11-01

The results of long term research programme concerning the determination of irradiation embrittlement dependence on fast neutron flux for WWER-440 reactor pressure vessel steels before and after annealing are presented in this paper. The study of flux effect was carried out on commercial WWER-440 steels which differ significantly in phosphorous (0.013-0.036 wt%) and copper (0.08-0.20 wt%) contents. All specimens were irradiated in surveillance channel positions under similar conditions at high ˜4 × 1012 сm-2 s-1 and low ˜6 × 1011 сm-2 s-1 fluxes (E > 0.5 MeV) at a temperature of 270 °С. The radiation embrittlement was evaluated by transition temperature shift on the basis of Charpy specimens test results. In case of low flux, the measured Tk shifts could be 25-50 °C bigger than the Tk shifts obtained from high flux data. A significant flux effect is observed in WWER-440 reactor pressure vessel steels with higher copper content (>0.13 wt%).

Highly integrated optical heterodyne phase-locked loop with phase/frequency detection.

PubMed

Lu, Mingzhi; Park, Hyunchul; Bloch, Eli; Sivananthan, Abirami; Bhardwaj, Ashish; Griffith, Zach; Johansson, Leif A; Rodwell, Mark J; Coldren, Larry A

2012-04-23

A highly-integrated optical phase-locked loop with a phase/frequency detector and a single-sideband mixer (SSBM) has been proposed and demonstrated for the first time. A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) has been designed, fabricated and tested, together with an electronic IC (EIC). The PIC integrates a widely-tunable sampled-grating distributed-Bragg-reflector laser, an optical 90 degree hybrid and four high-speed photodetectors on the InGaAsP/InP platform. The EIC adds a single-sideband mixer, and a digital phase/frequency detector, to provide single-sideband heterodyne locking from -9 GHz to 7.5 GHz. The loop bandwith is 400 MHz. © 2012 Optical Society of America

40 CFR 440.145-440.147 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.145-440.147 Section 440.145-440.147 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Gold Placer Mine Subcategory...

40 CFR 440.145-440.147 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.145-440.147 Section 440.145-440.147 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Gold Placer Mine Subcategory...

40 CFR 440.145-440.147 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.145-440.147 Section 440.145-440.147 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Gold Placer Mine Subcategory...

Theoretical model for frequency locking a diode laser with a Faraday cell

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wanninger, P.; Shay, T. M.

1992-01-01

A new method was developed for frequency locking a diode lasers, called 'the Faraday anomalous dispersion optical transmitter (FADOT) laser locking', which is much simpler than other known locking schemes. The FADOT laser locking method uses commercial laser diodes with no antireflection coatings, an atomic Faraday cell with a single polarizer, and an output coupler to form a compound cavity. The FADOT method is vibration insensitive and exhibits minimal thermal expansion effects. The system has a frequency pull in the range of 443.2 GHz (9 A). The method has potential applications in optical communication, remote sensing, and pumping laser excited optical filters.

Experimental investigation of different regimes of mode-locking in a high repetition rate passively mode-locked semiconductor quantum-dot laser.

PubMed

Kéfélian, Fabien; O'Donoghue, Shane; Todaro, Maria Teresa; McInerney, John; Huyet, Guillaume

2009-04-13

We report experimental investigations on a two-section 16-GHz repetition rate InAs/GaAs quantum dot passively mode-locked laser. Near the threshold current, pseudo-periodic Q-switching with complex dynamics is exhibited. Mode-locking operation regimes characterized by different repetition rates and timing jitter levels are encountered up to twice the threshold current. Evolution of the RF spectrum and optical spectrum with current is compared. The different mode-locked regimes are shown to be associated with different spectral and temporal shapes, ranging from 1.3 to 6 ps. This point is discussed by introducing the existence of two different supermodes. Repetition rate evolution and timing jitter increase is attributed to the coupling between the dominant and the secondary supermodes.

Phosphorus-free mode-locked semiconductor laser with emission wavelength 1550 nm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kolodeznyi, E. S.; Novikov, I. I.; Babichev, A. V.; Kurochkin, A. S.; Gladyshev, A. G.; Karachinsky, L. Ya; Gadzhiev, I. M.; Buyalo, M. S.; Usikova, A. A.; Ilynskaya, N. D.; Bougrov, V. E.; Egorov, A. Yu

2017-11-01

We have fabricated passive mode-locked laser diodes based on strained InGaAlAs/InGaAs/InP heterostructures with crystal lattice mismatch parameter of +1.0 % between quantum well and barrier. The laser with temperature stabilization at 18 °C was demonstrated 10.027 GHz optical pulse repetition rate with 6 ps pulse duration time. Timing jitter of optical pulses in mode-locked regime was 0.145 ps.

A 0.8-4.2 GHz monolithic all-digital PLL based frequency synthesizer for wireless communications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yuanxin, Zhao; Yuanpei, Gao; Wei, Li; Ning, Li; Junyan, Ren

2015-01-01

A 0.8-4.2 GHz monolithic all-digital PLL based frequency synthesizer for wireless communications is successfully realized by the 130 nm CMOS process. A series of novel methods are proposed in this paper. Two band DCOs with high frequency resolution are utilized to cover the frequency band of interest, which is as wide as 2.5 to 5 GHz. An overflow counter is proposed to prevent the “pulse-swallowing” phenomenon so as to significantly reduce the locking time. A NTW-clamp digital module is also proposed to prevent the overflow of the loop control word. A modified programmable divider is presented to prevent the failure operation at the boundary. The measurement results show that the output frequency range of this frequency synthesizer is 0.8-4.2 GHz. The locking time achieves a reduction of 84% at 2.68 GHz. The best in-band and out-band phase noise performances have reached -100 dBc/Hz, and -125 dBc/Hz respectively. The lowest reference spur is -58 dBc.

Frequency chirped light at large detuning with an injection-locked diode laser

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Teng, K.; Disla, M.; Dellatto, J.

2015-04-15

We have developed a laser system to generate frequency-chirped light at rapid modulation speeds (∼100 MHz) with a large frequency offset. Light from an external cavity diode laser with its frequency locked to an atomic resonance is passed through a lithium niobate electro-optical phase modulator. The phase modulator is driven by a ∼6 GHz signal whose frequency is itself modulated with a RF MHz signal (<200 MHz). A second injection locked diode laser is used to filter out all of the light except the frequency-chirped ±1 order by more than 30 dB. Using this system, it is possible to generatemore » a 1 GHz frequency chirp in 5 ns.« less

33 CFR 207.440 - St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; use, administration, and navigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks.... Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; use, administration, and navigation. (a) The use, administration... by radiotelephone to the Corps of Engineers Chief Lockmaster at St. Marys Falls Canal dispatch tower...

33 CFR 207.440 - St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; use, administration, and navigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks.... Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; use, administration, and navigation. (a) The use, administration... by radiotelephone to the Corps of Engineers Chief Lockmaster at St. Marys Falls Canal dispatch tower...

33 CFR 207.440 - St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; use, administration, and navigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks.... Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; use, administration, and navigation. (a) The use, administration... by radiotelephone to the Corps of Engineers Chief Lockmaster at St. Marys Falls Canal dispatch tower...

Design and Measurement of a Digital Phase Locked BWO for Accurately Extracting the Quality Factors in a Biconcave Resonator System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Yuanci; Charles, Jones R.; Yu, Guofen; Jyotsna, Dutta M.

2012-03-01

A long loop phase locked backward-wave oscillator (BWO) for a high quality factor resonator system operating at D-band frequencies (130-170GHz) was described, the phase noise of the phased locked BWO was analyzed and measured at typical frequencies. When it used with a high quality factor open resonator for measuring the quality factor of simple harmonic resonators based on the magnitude transfer characteristic, this system has proven to be capable of accurate measuring the quality factor as high as 0.8 million with an uncertainty of less than 1.3% (Lorentzian fitting) at typical frequencies in the range of 130GHz-170GHz.

Hybrid wireless-over-fiber transmission system based on multiple injection-locked FP LDs.

PubMed

Li, Chung-Yi; Lu, Hai-Han; Chu, Chien-An; Ying, Cheng-Ling; Lu, Ting-Chien; Peng, Peng-Chun

2015-07-27

A hybrid wireless-over-fiber (WoF) transmission system based on multiple injection-locked Fabry-Perot laser diodes (FP LDs) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Unlike the traditional hybrid WoF transmission systems that require multiple distributed feedback (DFB) LDs to support different kinds of services, the proposed system employs multiple injection-locked FP LDs to provide different kinds of applications. Such a hybrid WoF transmission system delivers downstream intensity-modulated 20-GHz microwave (MW)/60-GHz millimeter-wave (MMW)/550-MHz cable television (CATV) signals and upstream phase-remodulated 20-GHz MW signal. Excellent bit error rate (BER), carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR), composite second-order (CSO), and composite triple-beat (CTB) are observed over a 40-km single-mode fiber (SMF) and a 4-m radio frequency (RF) wireless transport. Such a hybrid WoF transmission system has practical applications for fiber-wireless convergence to provide broadband integrated services, including telecommunication, data communication, and CATV services.

Foundry fabricated photonic integrated circuit optical phase lock loop.

PubMed

Bałakier, Katarzyna; Fice, Martyn J; Ponnampalam, Lalitha; Graham, Chris S; Wonfor, Adrian; Seeds, Alwyn J; Renaud, Cyril C

2017-07-24

This paper describes the first foundry-based InP photonic integrated circuit (PIC) designed to work within a heterodyne optical phase locked loop (OPLL). The PIC and an external electronic circuit were used to phase-lock a single-line semiconductor laser diode to an incoming reference laser, with tuneable frequency offset from 4 GHz to 12 GHz. The PIC contains 33 active and passive components monolithically integrated on a single chip, fully demonstrating the capability of a generic foundry PIC fabrication model. The electronic part of the OPLL consists of commercially available RF components. This semi-packaged system stabilizes the phase and frequency of the integrated laser so that an absolute frequency, high-purity heterodyne signal can be generated when the OPLL is in operation, with phase noise lower than -100 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset from the carrier. This is the lowest phase noise level ever demonstrated by monolithically integrated OPLLs.

REVIEW ARTICLE: Harmonically mode-locked semiconductor-based lasers as high repetition rate ultralow noise pulse train and optical frequency comb sources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Quinlan, F.; Ozharar, S.; Gee, S.; Delfyett, P. J.

2009-10-01

Recent experimental work on semiconductor-based harmonically mode-locked lasers geared toward low noise applications is reviewed. Active, harmonic mode-locking of semiconductor-based lasers has proven to be an excellent way to generate 10 GHz repetition rate pulse trains with pulse-to-pulse timing jitter of only a few femtoseconds without requiring active feedback stabilization. This level of timing jitter is achieved in long fiberized ring cavities and relies upon such factors as low noise rf sources as mode-lockers, high optical power, intracavity dispersion management and intracavity phase modulation. When a high finesse etalon is placed within the optical cavity, semiconductor-based harmonically mode-locked lasers can be used as optical frequency comb sources with 10 GHz mode spacing. When active mode-locking is replaced with regenerative mode-locking, a completely self-contained comb source is created, referenced to the intracavity etalon.

High Speed Laser with 100 Ghz Resonance Frequency

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-02-28

applications, such as opto - electronic oscillators . Recently, however, by optimizing the detuning frequency and injection ratio, we have shown enhanced...semiconductor lasers has been limited by relaxation oscillation frequency to < 40 GHz. By using strong optical injection locking, we report resonance...direct modulation bandwidth of semiconductor lasers. In a typical laser, the relaxation oscillation [resonance] frequency is a figure-of-merit that is a

Using phase locking for improving frequency stability and tunability of THz-band gyrotrons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adilova, Asel B.; Gerasimova, Svetlana A.; Melnikova, Maria M.; Tyshkun, Alexandra V.; Rozhnev, Andrey G.; Ryskin, Nikita M.

2018-04-01

Medium-power (10-100 W) THz-band gyrotrons operating in a continuous-wave (CW) mode are of great importance for many applications such as NMR spectroscopy with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP/NMR), plasma diagnostics, nondestructive inspection, stand-off detection of radioactive materials, biomedical applications, etc. For all these applications, high frequency stability and tunability within 1-2 GHz frequency range is typically required. Apart from different existing techniques for frequency stabilization, phase locking has recently attracted strong interest. In this paper, we present the results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation for several phase locking techniques: (a) phase locking by injection of the external driving signal; (b) mutual phase locking of two coupled gyrotrons; and (c) selfinjection locking by a wave reflected from the remote load.

Ultralow-jitter and -amplitude-noise semiconductor-based actively mode-locked laser.

PubMed

Quinlan, Franklyn; Gee, Sangyoun; Ozharar, Sarper; Delfyett, Peter J

2006-10-01

We report a semiconductor-based, low-noise, 10.24 GHz actively mode-locked laser with 4.65 fs of relative timing jitter and a 0.0365% amplitude fluctuation (1 Hz to 100 MHz) of the optical pulse train. The keys to obtaining this result were the laser's high optical power and the low phase noise of the rf source used to mode lock the laser. The low phase noise of the rf source not only improves the absolute and relative timing jitter of the laser, but also prevents coupling of the rf source phase noise to the pulse amplitude fluctuations by the mode-locked laser.

Heterogeneous Silicon III-V Mode-Locked Lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davenport, Michael Loehrlein

Mode-locked lasers are useful for a variety of applications, such as sensing, telecommunication, and surgical instruments. This work focuses on integrated-circuit mode-locked lasers: those that combine multiple optical and electronic functions and are manufactured together on a single chip. While this allows production at high volume and lower cost, the true potential of integration is to open applications for mode-locked laser diodes where solid state lasers cannot fit, either due to size and power consumption constraints, or where small optical or electrical paths are needed for high bandwidth. Unfortunately, most high power and highly stable mode-locked laser diode demonstrations in scientific literature are based on the Fabry-Perot resonator design, with cleaved mirrors, and are unsuitable for use in integrated circuits because of the difficulty of producing integrated Fabry-Perot cavities. We use silicon photonics and heterogeneous integration with III-V gain material to produce the most powerful and lowest noise fully integrated mode-locked laser diode in the 20 GHz frequency range. If low noise and high peak power are required, it is arguably the best performing fully integrated mode-locked laser ever demonstrated. We present the design methodology and experimental pathway to realize a fully integrated mode-locked laser diode. The construction of the device, beginning with the selection of an integration platform, and proceeding through the fabrication process to final optimization, is presented in detail. The dependence of mode-locked laser performance on a wide variety of design parameters is presented. Applications for integrated circuit mode-locked lasers are also discussed, as well as proposed methods for using integration to improve mode-locking performance to beyond the current state of the art.

Timing noise measurement of 320 GHz optical pulses using an improved optoelectronic harmonic mixer.

PubMed

Tsuchida, Hidemi

2006-03-01

An improved optoelectronic harmonic mixer (OEHM) has been employed for measuring the timing noise of 320 GHz optical pulses that are generated from a 160 GHz mode-locked laser diode by the temporal Talbot effect. The OEHM makes use of a low-drive voltage LiNbO3 modulator and a W-band unitraveling carrier photodiode for converting the 320 GHz pulse intensity into a low-frequency electrical signal. The time domain demodulation technique has been used for the precise evaluation of phase noise power spectral density. The rms timing jitter has been estimated to be 311 fs for the 10 Hz-18.6 MHz bandwidth.

Injection locked coupled opto-electronic oscillator for optical frequency comb generation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Williams, Charles; Mandridis, Dimitrios; Davila-Rodriguez, Josue; Delfyett, Peter J.

2011-06-01

A CW injection locked Coupled Opto-Electronic Oscillator (COEO) is presented with a 10.24 GHz spaced optical frequency comb output as well as a low noise RF output. A modified Pound-Drever-Hall scheme is employed to ensure long-term stability of the injection lock, feeding back into the cavity length to compensate for cavity resonance drifts relative to the injection seed frequency. Error signal comparison to an actively mode-locked injection locked laser is presented. High optical signal-to-noise ratio of ~35 dB is demonstrated with >20 comblines of useable bandwidth. The optical linewidth, in agreement with injection locking theory, reduces to that of the injection seed frequency, <5 kHz. Low amplitude and absolute phase noise are presented from the optical output of the laser system. The integrated pulse-to-pulse energy fluctuation was found to be reduced by up to a factor of two due to optical injection. Additional decreases were shown for varying injection powers.

A Two-stage Injection-locked Magnetron for Accelerators with Superconducting Cavities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kazakevich, Grigory; Flanagan, Gene; Johnson, Rolland

2012-05-01

A concept for a two-stage injection-locked CW magnetron intended to drive Superconducting Cavities (SC) for intensity-frontier accelerators has been proposed. The concept considers two magnetrons in which the output power differs by 15-20 dB and the lower power magnetron being frequency-locked from an external source locks the higher power magnetron. The injection-locked two-stage CW magnetron can be used as an RF power source for Fermilab's Project-X to feed separately each of the 1.3 GHz SC of the 8 GeV pulsed linac. We expect output/locking power ratio of about 30-40 dB assuming operation in a pulsed mode with pulse duration ofmore » ~ 8 ms and repetition rate of 10 Hz. The experimental setup of a two-stage magnetron utilising CW, S-band, 1 kW tubes operating at pulse duration of 1-10 ms, and the obtained results are presented and discussed in this paper.« less

Supermode noise suppression with mutual injection locking for coupled optoelectronic oscillator.

PubMed

Dai, Jian; Liu, Anni; Liu, Jingliang; Zhang, Tian; Zhou, Yue; Yin, Feifei; Dai, Yitang; Liu, Yuanan; Xu, Kun

2017-10-30

The coupled optoelectronic oscillator (COEO) is typically used to generate high frequency spectrally pure microwave signal with serious sidemodes noise. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a simple scheme for supermode suppression with mutual injection locking between the COEO (master oscillator with multi-modes oscillation) and the embedded free-running oscillator (slave oscillator with single-mode oscillation). The master and slave oscillators share the same electrical feedback path, which means that the mutually injection-locked COEO brings no additional hardware complexity. Owing to the mode matching and mutually injection locking effect, 9.999 GHz signal has been successfully obtained by the mutually injection-locked COEO with the phase noise about -117 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset frequency. Besides, the supermode noise can be significantly suppressed more than 50 dB to below -120 dBc.

A 16 element quasi-optical FET oscillator power combining array with external injection locking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Birkeland, Joel; Itoh, Tatsuo

1992-03-01

The authors present analysis, design and experimental results of a 16 element planar oscillator array for quasi-optical power combining. Each element in the array consists of a single FET oscillator with an input port for injection of the locking signal, and an output port which is connected to a patch radiator. The array is synchronized using a 16-way power dividing network which distributes the locking signal to the oscillating elements. The array is constructed using a two-sided microstrip configuration, with the oscillators and feed network on one side of a ground plane, and the patch radiators on the opposite side. An effective radiated power (ERP) of 28.2 W CW with an isotropic conversion gain of 9.9 dB was measured at 6 GHz. For an injected power of 10.3 dBm, a locking range of 453 MHz at a center frequency of 6.015 GHz was obtained; a bandwidth of 7.5 percent. Because of the simple nature of the individual oscillator elements, this approach is well suited to MMIC implementation.

Terahertz-bandwidth coherence measurements of a quantum dash laser in passive and active mode-locking operation.

PubMed

Martin, Eamonn; Watts, Regan; Bramerie, Laurent; Shen, Alexandre; Gariah, Harry; Blache, Fabrice; Lelarge, Francois; Barry, Liam

2012-12-01

This research carries out coherence measurements of a 42.7 GHz quantum dash (QDash) semiconductor laser when passively, electrically, and optically mode-locked. Coherence of the spectral lines from the mode-locked laser is determined by examining the radio frequency beat-tone linewidth as the mode spacing is increased up to 1.1 THz. Electric-field measurements of the QDash laser are also presented, from which a comparison between experimental results and accepted theory for coherence in passively mode-locked lasers has been performed.

InP femtosecond mode-locked laser in a compound feedback cavity with a switchable repetition rate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lo, Mu-Chieh; Guzmán, Robinson; Carpintero, Guillermo

2018-02-01

A monolithically integrated mode-locked semiconductor laser is proposed. The compound ring cavity is composed of a colliding pulse mode-locking (ML) subcavity and a passive Fabry-Perot feedback subcavity. These two 1.6 mm long subcavities are coupled by using on-chip reflectors at both ends, enabling harmonic mode locking. By changing DC-bias conditions, optical mode spacing from 50 to 450 GHz is experimentally demonstrated. Ultrafast pulses shorter than 0.3 ps emitted from this laser diode are shown in autocorrelation traces.

Precision and Fast Wavelength Tuning of a Dynamically Phase-Locked Widely-Tunable Laser

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Numata, Kenji; Chen, Jeffrey R.; Wu, Stewart T.

2012-01-01

We report a precision and fast wavelength tuning technique demonstrated for a digital-supermode distributed Bragg reflector laser. The laser was dynamically offset-locked to a frequency-stabilized master laser using an optical phase-locked loop, enabling precision fast tuning to and from any frequencies within a 40-GHz tuning range. The offset frequency noise was suppressed to the statically offset-locked level in less than 40 s upon each frequency switch, allowing the laser to retain the absolute frequency stability of the master laser. This technique satisfies stringent requirements for gas sensing lidars and enables other applications that require such well-controlled precision fast tuning.

Precision and fast wavelength tuning of a dynamically phase-locked widely-tunable laser.

PubMed

Numata, Kenji; Chen, Jeffrey R; Wu, Stewart T

2012-06-18

We report a precision and fast wavelength tuning technique demonstrated for a digital-supermode distributed Bragg reflector laser. The laser was dynamically offset-locked to a frequency-stabilized master laser using an optical phase-locked loop, enabling precision fast tuning to and from any frequencies within a ~40-GHz tuning range. The offset frequency noise was suppressed to the statically offset-locked level in less than ~40 μs upon each frequency switch, allowing the laser to retain the absolute frequency stability of the master laser. This technique satisfies stringent requirements for gas sensing lidars and enables other applications that require such well-controlled precision fast tuning.

Bidirectional ultradense WDM for metro networks adopting the beat-frequency-locking method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Sang-Yuep; Lee, Jae-Hoon; Lee, Jae-Seung

2003-10-01

We present a technique to increase the spectral efficiencies of metro networks by using channel-interleaved bidirectional ultradense wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) within each customer's optical band. As a demonstration, we transmit 12.5-GHz-spaced 8×10 Gbit/s channels achieving spectral efficiency as high as 0.8 bit/s/Hz with a 25-GHz WDM demultiplexer. The beat-frequency-locking method is used to stabilize the channel frequencies within +/-200 MHz, which is far more accurate than with conventional wavelength lockers.

Offset-frequency locking of extended-cavity diode lasers for precision spectroscopy of water at 1.38 μm.

PubMed

Gianfrani, Livio; Castrillo, Antonio; Fasci, Eugenio; Galzerano, Gianluca; Casa, Giovanni; Laporta, Paolo

2010-10-11

We describe a continuous-wave diode laser spectrometer for water-vapour precision spectroscopy at 1.38 μm. The spectrometer is based upon the use of a simple scheme for offset-frequency locking of a pair of extended-cavity diode lasers that allows to achieve unprecedented accuracy and reproducibility levels in measuring molecular absorption. When locked to the master laser with an offset frequency of 1.5 GHz, the slave laser exhibits residual frequency fluctuations of 1 kHz over a time interval of 25 minutes, for a 1-s integration time. The slave laser could be continuously tuned up to 3 GHz, the scan showing relative deviations from linearity below the 10{-6} level. Simultaneously, a capture range of the order of 1 GHz was obtained. Quantitative spectroscopy was also demonstrated by accurately determining relevant spectroscopic parameters for the 22,1→22,0line of the H2(18)O v1+v3 band at 1384.6008 nm.

Optical Injection Locking of Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers: Digital and Analog Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parekh, Devang

frequency enhancement was exploited for millimeter-wave radio over fiber communications. Experimental demonstration of 4 Gb/s data transmission over 20 km of fiber and 3 m of wireless transmission at a 60 GHz carrier frequency was achieved. Additionally, optical injection of multi-transverse mode (MM) VCSELs was investigated showing record resonance frequency enhancement of > 54 GHz and 3-dB bandwidth of 38 GHz. Besides these applications, a number of other intriguing applications are also discussed, including an optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) and wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical networks (WDM-PON). Finally, the future of optical injection locking and its direction going forward will be discussed.

Suppressing the relaxation oscillation noise of injection-locked WRC-FPLD for directly modulated OFDM transmission.

PubMed

Cheng, Min-Chi; Chi, Yu-Chieh; Li, Yi-Cheng; Tsai, Cheng-Ting; Lin, Gong-Ru

2014-06-30

By up-shifting the relaxation oscillation peak and suppressing its relative intensity noise in a weak-resonant-cavity Fabry-Perot laser diode (WRC-FPLD) under intense injection-locking, the directly modulated transmission of optical 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) data-stream is demonstrated. The total bit rate of up to 20 Gbit/s within 5-GHz bandwidth is achieved by using the OFDM subcarrier pre-leveling technique. With increasing the injection-locking power from -12 to -3 dBm, the effective reduction on threshold current of the WRC-FPLD significantly shifts its relaxation oscillation frequency from 5 to 7.5 GHz. This concurrently induces an up-shift of the peak relative intensity noise (RIN) of the WRC-FPLD, and effectively suppresses the background RIN level to -104 dBc/Hz within the OFDM band between 3 and 6 GHz. The enhanced signal-to-noise ratio from 16 to 20 dB leads to a significant reduction of bit-error-rate (BER) of the back-to-back transmitted 16-QAM-OFDM data from 1.3 × 10(-3) to 5 × 10(-5), which slightly degrades to 1.1 × 10(-4) after 25-km single-mode fiber (SMF) transmission. However, the enlarged injection-locking power from -12 to -3 dBm inevitably declines the modulation throughput and increases its negative throughput slope from -0.8 to -1.9 dBm/GHz. After pre-leveling the peak amplitude of the OFDM subcarriers to compensate the throughput degradation of the directly modulated WRC-FPLD, the BER under 25-km SMF transmission can be further improved to 3 × 10(-5) under a receiving power of -3 dBm.

Widely tunable laser frequency offset lock with 30 GHz range and 5 THz offset.

PubMed

Biesheuvel, J; Noom, D W E; Salumbides, E J; Sheridan, K T; Ubachs, W; Koelemeij, J C J

2013-06-17

We demonstrate a simple and versatile method to greatly extend the tuning range of optical frequency shifting devices, such as acousto-optic modulators (AOMs). We use this method to stabilize the frequency of a tunable narrow-band continuous-wave (CW) laser to a transmission maximum of an external Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) with a tunable frequency offset. This is achieved through a servo loop which contains an in-loop AOM for simple radiofrequency (RF) tuning of the optical frequency over the full 30 GHz mode-hop-free tuning range of the CW laser. By stabilizing the length of the FPI to a stabilized helium-neon (HeNe) laser (at 5 THz offset from the tunable laser) we simultaneously transfer the ~ 1 MHz absolute frequency stability of the HeNe laser to the entire 30 GHz range of the tunable laser. Thus, our method allows simple, wide-range, fast and reproducible optical frequency tuning and absolute optical frequency measurements through RF electronics, which is here demonstrated by repeatedly recording a 27-GHz-wide molecular iodine spectrum at scan rates up to 500 MHz/s. General technical aspects that determine the performance of the method are discussed in detail.

Ultrahigh-speed phaselocked-loop type clock recovery circuit using a travelling-wave laser diode amplifier as a 50 GHz phase detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawanishi, S.; Takara, H.; Saruwatari, M.; Kitoh, T.

1993-09-01

Successful operation of a phase-locked loop is demonstrated using a traveling-wave laser-diode amplifier as a 50 GHz phase detector. Optical gain modulation in the laser diode amplifier and an all-optical clock multiplication technique using a silica-based guided-wave optical circuit are used to achieve the extremely high-speed operation. Also discussed is the possibility of more than 100 GHz operation.

Self-mode-locked AlGaInP-VECSEL

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bek, R.; Großmann, M.; Kahle, H.; Koch, M.; Rahimi-Iman, A.; Jetter, M.; Michler, P.

2017-10-01

We report the mode-locked operation of an AlGaInP-based semiconductor disk laser without a saturable absorber. The active region containing 20 GaInP quantum wells is used in a linear cavity with a curved outcoupling mirror. The gain chip is optically pumped by a 532 nm laser, and mode-locking is achieved by carefully adjusting the pump spot size. For a pump power of 6.8 W, an average output power of up to 30 mW is reached at a laser wavelength of 666 nm. The pulsed emission is characterized using a fast oscilloscope and a spectrum analyzer, demonstrating stable single-pulse operation at a repetition rate of 3.5 GHz. Intensity autocorrelation measurements reveal a FWHM pulse duration of 22 ps with an additional coherence peak on top, indicating noise-like pulses. The frequency spectrum, as well as the Gaussian beam profile and the measured beam propagation factor below 1.1, shows no influence of higher order transverse modes contributing to the mode-locked operation.

VIEW OF BUILDING 440 LOOKING WEST, NORTHWEST. BUILDING 440, THE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

VIEW OF BUILDING 440 LOOKING WEST, NORTHWEST. BUILDING 440, THE TRANSPORT MODIFICATION CENTER, CONSISTS OF FOUR HIGH-BAY CORRUGATED METAL STRUCTURES. BUILDING 440 WAS USED FOR PACKAGING AND STAGING SPECIAL NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND DEPLETED URANIUM FOR SHIPMENT AND TO MODIFY VEHICLES TO MEET SPECIFIC UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REQUIREMENTS. (2/8/84) - Rocky Flats Plant, Transport Modification Center, North of Cactus Avenue, approximately 400 feet east of Third Street, Golden, Jefferson County, CO

60-GHz integrated-circuit high data rate quadriphase shift keying exciter and modulator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grote, A.; Chang, K.

1984-01-01

An integrated-circuit quadriphase shift keying (QPSK) exciter and modulator have demonstrated excellent performance directly modulating a carrier frequency of 60 GHz with an output phase error of less than 3 degrees and maximum amplitude error of 0.5 dB. The circuit consists of a 60-GHz Gunn VCO phase-locked to a low-frequency reference source, a 4th subharmonic mixer, and a QPSK modlator packaged into a small volume of 1.8 x 2.5 x 0.35 in. The use of microstrip has the advantages of small size, light-weight, and low-cost fabrication. The unit has the potential for multigigabit data rate applications.

41. LOCK AND DAM NO. 26 (REPLACEMENT). LOCK LOCK ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

41. LOCK AND DAM NO. 26 (REPLACEMENT). LOCK -- LOCK GATES -- LIFT GATE, GATE LEAVES -- GENERAL ASSEMBLY. M-L 26(R) 21/28 - Upper Mississippi River 9-Foot Channel Project, Lock & Dam 26R, Alton, Madison County, IL

Harmonic mode-locking using the double interval technique in quantum dot lasers.

PubMed

Li, Yan; Chiragh, Furqan L; Xin, Yong-Chun; Lin, Chang-Yi; Kim, Junghoon; Christodoulou, Christos G; Lester, Luke F

2010-07-05

Passive harmonic mode-locking in a quantum dot laser is realized using the double interval technique, which uses two separate absorbers to stimulate a specific higher-order repetition rate compared to the fundamental. Operating alone these absorbers would otherwise reinforce lower harmonic frequencies, but by operating together they produce the harmonic corresponding to their least common multiple. Mode-locking at a nominal 60 GHz repetition rate, which is the 10(th) harmonic of the fundamental frequency of the device, is achieved unambiguously despite the constraint of a uniformly-segmented, multi-section device layout. The diversity of repetition rates available with this method is also discussed.

Wideband-frequency tunable optoelectronic oscillator based on injection locking to an electronic oscillator.

PubMed

Fleyer, Michael; Sherman, Alexander; Horowitz, Moshe; Namer, Moshe

2016-05-01

We experimentally demonstrate a wideband-frequency tunable optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) based on injection locking of the OEO to a tunable electronic oscillator. The OEO cavity does not contain a narrowband filter and its frequency can be tuned over a broad bandwidth of 1 GHz. The injection locking is based on minimizing the injected power by adjusting the frequency of one of the OEO cavity modes to be approximately equal to the frequency of the injected signal. The phase noise that is obtained in the injection-locked OEO is similar to that obtained in a long-cavity self-sustained OEO. Although the cavity length of the OEO was long, the spurious modes were suppressed due to the injection locking without the need to use a narrowband filter. The spurious level was significantly below that obtained in a self-sustained OEO after inserting a narrowband electronic filter with a Q-factor of 720 into the cavity.

Q-Band (37-41 GHz) Satellite Beacon Architecture for RF Propagation Experiments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simmons, Rainee N.; Wintucky, Edwin G.

2012-01-01

In this paper, the design of a beacon transmitter that will be flown as a hosted payload on a geostationary satellite to enable propagation experiments at Q-band (37-41 GHz) frequencies is presented. The beacon uses a phased locked loop stabilized dielectric resonator oscillator and a solid-state power amplifier to achieve the desired output power. The satellite beacon antenna is configured as an offset-fed cut-paraboloidal reflector.

Precision and broadband frequency swept laser source based on high-order modulation-sideband injection-locking.

PubMed

Wei, Fang; Lu, Bin; Wang, Jian; Xu, Dan; Pan, Zhengqing; Chen, Dijun; Cai, Haiwen; Qu, Ronghui

2015-02-23

A precision and broadband laser frequency swept technique is experimentally demonstrated. Using synchronous current compensation, a slave diode laser is dynamically injection-locked to a specific high-order modulation-sideband of a narrow-linewidth master laser modulated by an electro-optic modulator (EOM), whose driven radio frequency (RF) signal can be agilely, precisely controlled by a frequency synthesizer, and the high-order modulation-sideband enables multiplied sweep range and tuning rate. By using 5th order sideband injection-locking, the original tuning range of 3 GHz and tuning rate of 0.5 THz/s is multiplied by 5 times to 15 GHz and 2.5 THz/s respectively. The slave laser has a 3 dB-linewidth of 2.5 kHz which is the same to the master laser. The settling time response of a 10 MHz frequency switching is 2.5 µs. By using higher-order modulation-sideband and optimized experiment parameters, an extended sweep range and rate could be expected.

Gas spectroscopy system with 245 GHz transmitter and receiver in SiGe BiCMOS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmalz, Klaus; Rothbart, Nick; Borngräber, Johannes; Yilmaz, Selahattin Berk; Kissinger, Dietmar; Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm

2017-02-01

The implementation of an integrated mm-wave transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) in SiGe BiCMOS or CMOS technology offers a path towards a compact and low-cost system for gas spectroscopy. Previously, we have demonstrated TXs and RXs for spectroscopy at 238 -252 GHz and 495 - 497 GHz using external phase-locked loops (PLLs) with signal generators for the reference frequency ramps. Here, we present a more compact system by using two external fractional-N PLLs allowing frequency ramps for the TX and RX, and for TX with superimposed frequency shift keying (FSK) or reference frequency modulation realized by a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) or an arbitrary waveform generator. The 1.9 m folded gas absorption cell, the vacuum pumps, as well as the TX and RX are placed on a portable breadboard with dimensions of 75 cm x 45 cm. The system performance is evaluated by high-resolution absorption spectra of gaseous methanol at 13 Pa for 241 - 242 GHz. The 2f (second harmonic) content of the absorption spectrum of the methanol was obtained by detecting the IF power of RX using a diode power sensor connected to a lock-in amplifier. The reference frequency modulation reveals a higher SNR (signal-noise-ratio) of 98 within 32 s acquisition compared to 66 for FSK. The setup allows for jumping to preselected frequency regions according to the spectral signature thus reducing the acquisition time by up to one order of magnitude.

Photonic generation of phase-stable and wideband chirped microwave signals based on phase-locked dual optical frequency combs.

PubMed

Tong, Yitian; Zhou, Qian; Han, Daming; Li, Baiyu; Xie, Weilin; Liu, Zhangweiyi; Qin, Jie; Wang, Xiaocheng; Dong, Yi; Hu, Weisheng

2016-08-15

A photonics-based scheme is presented for generating wideband and phase-stable chirped microwave signals based on two phase-locked combs with fixed and agile repetition rates. By tuning the difference of the two combs' repetition rates and extracting different order comb tones, a wideband linearly frequency-chirped microwave signal with flexible carrier frequency and chirped range is obtained. Owing to the scheme of dual-heterodyne phase transfer and phase-locked loop, extrinsic phase drift and noise induced by the separated optical paths is detected and suppressed efficiently. Linearly frequency-chirped microwave signals from 5 to 15 GHz and 237 to 247 GHz with 30 ms duration are achieved, respectively, contributing to the time-bandwidth product of 3×10⁸. And less than 1.3×10^-5 linearity errors (RMS) are also obtained.

1.34 µm picosecond self-mode-locked Nd:GdVO4 watt-level laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Han, Ming; Peng, Jiying; Li, Zuohan; Cao, Qiuyuan; Yuan, Ruixia

2017-01-01

With a simple linear configuration, a diode-pumped, self-mode-locked Nd:GdVO4 laser at 1.34 µm is experimentally demonstrated for the first time. Based on the aberrationless theory of self-focusing and thermal lensing effect, through designing and optimizing the resonator, a pulse width as short as 9.1 ps is generated at a repetition rate of 2.0 GHz and the average output power is 2.51 W. The optical conversion efficiency and the slope efficiency for the stable mode-locked operation are approximately 16.7% and 19.2%, respectively.

Field-programmable gate array-controlled sweep velocity-locked laser pulse generator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Zhen; Hefferman, Gerald; Wei, Tao

2017-05-01

A field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-controlled sweep velocity-locked laser pulse generator (SV-LLPG) design based on an all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) is proposed. A distributed feedback laser with modulated injection current was used as a swept-frequency laser source. An open-loop predistortion modulation waveform was calibrated using a feedback iteration method to initially improve frequency sweep linearity. An ADPLL control system was then implemented using an FPGA to lock the output of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer that was directly proportional to laser sweep velocity to an on-board system clock. Using this system, linearly chirped laser pulses with a sweep bandwidth of 111.16 GHz were demonstrated. Further testing evaluating the sensing utility of the system was conducted. In this test, the SV-LLPG served as the swept laser source of an optical frequency-domain reflectometry system used to interrogate a subterahertz range fiber structure (sub-THz-FS) array. A static strain test was then conducted and linear sensor results were observed.

High frequency optoelectronic oscillators based on the optical feedback of semiconductor mode-locked laser diodes.

PubMed

Haji, Mohsin; Hou, Lianping; Kelly, Anthony E; Akbar, Jehan; Marsh, John H; Arnold, John M; Ironside, Charles N

2012-01-30

Optical self seeding feedback techniques can be used to improve the noise characteristics of passively mode-locked laser diodes. External cavities such as fiber optic cables can increase the memory of the phase and subsequently improve the timing jitter. In this work, an improved optical feedback architecture is proposed using an optical fiber loop delay as a cavity extension of the mode-locked laser. We investigate the effect of the noise reduction as a function of the loop length and feedback power. The well known composite cavity technique is also implemented for suppressing supermode noise artifacts presented due to harmonic mode locking effects. Using this method, we achieve a record low radio frequency linewidth of 192 Hz for any high frequency (>1 GHz) passively mode-locked laser to date (to the best of the authors' knowledge), making it promising for the development of high frequency optoelectronic oscillators.

Q-Band (37 to 41 GHz) Satellite Beacon Architecture for RF Propagation Experiments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simons, Rainee N.; Wintucky, Edwin G.

2014-01-01

In this paper, the design of a beacon transmitter that will be flown as a hosted payload on a geostationary satellite to enable propagation experiments at Q-band (37 to 41 GHz) frequencies is presented. The beacon uses a phased locked loop stabilized dielectric resonator oscillator and a solid-state power amplifier to achieve the desired output power. The satellite beacon antenna is configured as an offset-fed cutparaboloidal reflector.

Laboratory Heterodyne Spectrometers Operating at 100 and 300 GHZ

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maßen, Jakob; Wehres, Nadine; Hermanns, Marius; Lewen, Frank; Heyne, Bettina; Endres, Christian; Graf, Urs; Honingh, Netty; Schlemmer, Stephan

2017-06-01

Two new laboratory heterodyne emission spectrometers are presented that are currently used for high-resolution rotational spectroscopy of complex organic molecules. The room temperature heterodyne receiver operating between 80-110 GHz, as well as the SIS heterodyne receiver operating between 270-370 GHz allow access to two very important frequency regimes, coinciding with Bands 3 and 7 of the ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter Array) telescope. Taking advantage of recent progresses in the field of mm/submm technology, we build these two spectrometers using an XFFFTS (eXtended Fast Fourier Transform Spectrometer) for spectral acquisition. The instantaneous bandwidth is 2.5 GHz in a single sideband, spread over 32768 channels. Thus, the spectral resolution is about 76 kHz per channel and thus comparable to high resolution spectra from telescopes. Both receivers are operated in double sideband mode resulting in a total instantaneous bandwidth of 5 GHz. The system performances, in particular the noise temperatures and stabilities are presented. Proof-of-concept is demonstrated by showing spectra of methyl cyanide obtained with both spectrometers. While the transition frequencies for this molecule are very well known, intensities of those transitions can also be determined with high accuracy using our new instruments. This additional information shall be exploited in future measurements to improve spectral predictions for astronomical observations. Other future prospects concern the study of more complex organic species, such as ethyl cyanide. These aspects of the new instruments as well as limitations of the two distinct receivers will be discussed.

100 GHz ultra-wideband (UWB) fiber-to-the-antenna (FTTA) system for in-building and in-home networks.

PubMed

Chow, C W; Kuo, F M; Shi, J W; Yeh, C H; Wu, Y F; Wang, C H; Li, Y T; Pan, C L

2010-01-18

Fiber-to-the-antenna (FTTA) system can be a cost-effective technique for distributing high frequency signals from the head-end office to a number of remote antenna units via passive optical splitter and propagating through low-loss and low-cost optical fibers. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an optical ultra-wideband (UWB) - impulse radio (IR) FTTA system for in-building and in-home applications. The optical UWB-IR wireless link is operated in the W-band (75 GHz - 110 GHz) using our developed near-ballistic unitraveling-carrier photodiode based photonic transmitter (PT) and a 10 GHz mode-locked laser. 2.5 Gb/s UWB-IR FTTA systems with 1,024 high split-ratio and transmission over 300 m optical fiber are demonstrated using direct PT modulation.

Ring-shaped active mode-locked tunable laser using quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Mingxiao; Wang, Yongjun; Liu, Xinyu

2018-03-01

In this paper, a lot of simulations has been done for ring-shaped active mode-locked lasers with quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier (QD-SOA). Based on the simulation model of QD-SOA, we discussed about the influence towards mode-locked waveform frequency and pulse caused by QD-SOA maximum mode peak gain, active layer loss coefficient, bias current, incident light pulse, fiber nonlinear coefficient. In the meantime, we also take the tunable performance of the laser into consideration. Results showed QD-SOA a better performance than original semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) in recovery time, line width, and nonlinear coefficients, which makes it possible to output a locked-mode impulse that has a higher impulse power, narrower impulse width as well as the phase is more easily controlled. After a lot of simulations, this laser can realize a 20GHz better locked-mode output pulse after 200 loops, where the power is above 17.5mW, impulse width is less than 2.7ps, moreover, the tunable wavelength range is between 1540nm-1580nm.

1.55-μm mode-locked quantum-dot lasers with 300 MHz frequency tuning range

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sadeev, T., E-mail: tagir@mailbox.tu-berlin.de; Arsenijević, D.; Bimberg, D.

2015-01-19

Passive mode-locking of two-section quantum-dot mode-locked lasers grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy on InP is reported. 1250-μm long lasers exhibit a wide tuning range of 300 MHz around the fundamental mode-locking frequency of 33.48 GHz. The frequency tuning is achieved by varying the reverse bias of the saturable absorber from 0 to −2.2 V and the gain section current from 90 to 280 mA. 3 dB optical spectra width of 6–7 nm leads to ex-facet optical pulses with full-width half-maximum down to 3.7 ps. Single-section quantum-dot mode-locked lasers show 0.8 ps broad optical pulses after external fiber-based compression. Injection current tuning from 70 tomore » 300 mA leads to 30 MHz frequency tuning.« less

40 CFR 440.41 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.41 Section 440.41 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Mercury Ore Subcategory § 440.41 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.111 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.111 Section 440.111 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Platinum Ores Subcategory § 440.111 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.111 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.111 Section 440.111 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Platinum Ores Subcategory § 440.111 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.91 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.91 Section 440.91 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Antimony Ore Subcategory § 440.91 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.51 Section 440.51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Titanium Ore Subcategory § 440.51 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.41 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.41 Section 440.41 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Mercury Ore Subcategory § 440.41 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.71 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.71 Section 440.71 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Nickel Ore Subcategory § 440.71 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.51 Section 440.51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Titanium Ore Subcategory § 440.51 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.71 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.71 Section 440.71 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Nickel Ore Subcategory § 440.71 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.61 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.61 Section 440.61 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tungsten Ore Subcategory § 440.61 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.11 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.11 Section 440.11 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Iron Ore Subcategory § 440.11 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.61 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.61 Section 440.61 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tungsten Ore Subcategory § 440.61 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.91 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.91 Section 440.91 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Antimony Ore Subcategory § 440.91 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.11 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.11 Section 440.11 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Iron Ore Subcategory § 440.11 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.21 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.21 Section 440.21 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Aluminum Ore Subcategory § 440.21 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.21 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.21 Section 440.21 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Aluminum Ore Subcategory § 440.21 [Reserved] ...

Mode locking of a ring cavity semiconductor diode laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Desbiens, Louis; Yesayan, Ararat; Piche, Michel

2000-12-01

We report new results on the generation and characterization of picosecond pulses from a self-mode-locked semiconductor diode laser. The active medium (InGaAs, 830-870 nm) is a semiconductor optical amplifier whose facets are cut at angle and AR coated. The amplifier is inserted in a three-minor ring cavity. Mode locking is purely passive; it takes place for specific alignment conditions. Trains of counterpropagating pulses are produced, with pulse duration varying from 1 .2 to 2 ps. The spectra of the counterpropagatmg pulses do not fully overlap; their central wavelengths differ by a few nm. The pulse repetition rate has been varied from 0.3 to 3 GHz. The pulses have been compressed to less than 500-fs duration with a grating pair. We discuss some of the potential physical mechanisms that could be involved in the dynamics of the mode-locked regime. Hysteresis in the LI curve has been observed. To characterize the pulses, we introduce the idea of a Pulse Quality Factor, where the pulse duration and spectral width are calculated from the second-order moments of the measured intensity autocorrelation and power spectral density.

40 CFR 440.111 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.111 Section 440.111 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Platinum Ores Subcategory § 440.111 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.111 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.111 Section 440.111 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Platinum Ores Subcategory § 440.111 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.111 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.111 Section 440.111 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Platinum Ores Subcategory § 440.111 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.41 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.41 Section 440.41 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Mercury Ore Subcategory § 440.41 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.11 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.11 Section 440.11 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Iron Ore Subcategory § 440.11 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.130 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Applicability. 440.130 Section 440.130 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY General Provisions and Definitions § 440.130 Applicability...

40 CFR 440.31 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.31 Section 440.31 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Uranium, Radium and Vanadium Ores Subcategory § 440...

40 CFR 440.41 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.41 Section 440.41 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Mercury Ore Subcategory § 440.41 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.130 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Applicability. 440.130 Section 440.130 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY General Provisions and Definitions § 440.130...

40 CFR 440.51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.51 Section 440.51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Titanium Ore Subcategory § 440.51 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.130 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Applicability. 440.130 Section 440.130 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY General Provisions and Definitions § 440.130...

40 CFR 440.41 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.41 Section 440.41 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Mercury Ore Subcategory § 440.41 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.21 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.21 Section 440.21 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Aluminum Ore Subcategory § 440.21 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.130 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Applicability. 440.130 Section 440.130 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY General Provisions and Definitions § 440.130 Applicability...

40 CFR 440.21 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.21 Section 440.21 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Aluminum Ore Subcategory § 440.21 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.31 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.31 Section 440.31 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Uranium, Radium and Vanadium Ores Subcategory § 440...

40 CFR 440.91 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.91 Section 440.91 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Antimony Ore Subcategory § 440.91 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.71 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.71 Section 440.71 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Nickel Ore Subcategory § 440.71 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.71 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.71 Section 440.71 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Nickel Ore Subcategory § 440.71 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.91 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.91 Section 440.91 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Antimony Ore Subcategory § 440.91 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.61 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.61 Section 440.61 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tungsten Ore Subcategory § 440.61 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.61 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.61 Section 440.61 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tungsten Ore Subcategory § 440.61 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.11 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.11 Section 440.11 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Iron Ore Subcategory § 440.11 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.31 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.31 Section 440.31 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Uranium, Radium and Vanadium Ores Subcategory § 440.31...

40 CFR 440.51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.51 Section 440.51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Titanium Ore Subcategory § 440.51 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.11 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.11 Section 440.11 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Iron Ore Subcategory § 440.11 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.31 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.31 Section 440.31 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Uranium, Radium and Vanadium Ores Subcategory § 440...

40 CFR 440.51 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.51 Section 440.51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Titanium Ore Subcategory § 440.51 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.61 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.61 Section 440.61 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tungsten Ore Subcategory § 440.61 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.91 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.91 Section 440.91 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Antimony Ore Subcategory § 440.91 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.130 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Applicability. 440.130 Section 440.130 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY General Provisions and Definitions § 440.130...

40 CFR 440.71 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.71 Section 440.71 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Nickel Ore Subcategory § 440.71 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.21 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.21 Section 440.21 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Aluminum Ore Subcategory § 440.21 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 440.31 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.31 Section 440.31 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Uranium, Radium and Vanadium Ores Subcategory § 440.31...

Passively mode-locked tunable fiber laser in a soliton regime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Endo, Michiyuki; Ghosh, Gorachand

1999-04-01

A stable, passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber resonator is developed to generate tunable optical pulses with durations of 270 - 325 fs in the soliton regime. The lasing wavelength is tuned continuously over a wavelength range of 60 nm by rotating a bulk band-pass filter inserted in the resonator with a repetition frequency of 45.4 MHz. We reduced the timing jitter by minimizing the intensity fluctuation of the pump source using a feedback loop and by controlling the influence of airflow and temperature fluctuation of the resonator in a sealed box.

Mode-locked ytterbium-doped fiber laser based on topological insulator: Bi₂Se₃.

PubMed

Dou, Zhiyuan; Song, Yanrong; Tian, Jinrong; Liu, Jinghui; Yu, Zhenhua; Fang, Xiaohui

2014-10-06

We demonstrated an all-normal-dispersion Yb-doped mode-locked fiber laser based on Bi₂Se₃ topological insulator (TI). Different from previous TI-mode-locked fiber lasers in which TIs were mixed with film-forming agent, we used a special way to paste a well-proportioned pure TI on a fiber end-facet. In this way, the effect of the film-forming agent could be removed, thus the heat deposition was relieved and damage threshold could be improved. The modulation depth of the Bi₂Se₃ film was measured to be 5.2%. When we used the Bi₂Se₃ film in the Yb-doped fiber laser, the mode locked pulses with pulse energy of 0.756 nJ, pulse width of 46 ps and the repetition rate of 44.6 MHz were obtained. The maximum average output power was 33.7 mW. When the pump power exceeded 270 mW, the laser can operate in multiple pulse state that six-pulse regime can be realized. This contribution indicates that Bi₂Se₃ has an attractive optoelectronic property at 1μm waveband.

10 CFR 440.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... geothermal deposits, energy derived from biomass (or any other form of renewable energy which DOE... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Definitions. 440.3 Section 440.3 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.3 Definitions. As used...

10 CFR 440.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... when installed in connection with a dwelling— (1) Transmits or uses solar energy, energy derived from... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Definitions. 440.3 Section 440.3 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.3 Definitions. As used...

10 CFR 440.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... when installed in connection with a dwelling— (1) Transmits or uses solar energy, energy derived from... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Definitions. 440.3 Section 440.3 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.3 Definitions. As used...

10 CFR 440.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... when installed in connection with a dwelling— (1) Transmits or uses solar energy, energy derived from... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Definitions. 440.3 Section 440.3 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.3 Definitions. As used...

10 CFR 440.25 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Reports. 440.25 Section 440.25 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.25 Reports. DOE may require..., such reports or answers in writing to specific questions, surveys, or questionnaires as DOE determines...

10 CFR 440.25 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., such reports or answers in writing to specific questions, surveys, or questionnaires as DOE determines... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reports. 440.25 Section 440.25 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.25 Reports. DOE may require...

10 CFR 440.19 - Labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Labor. 440.19 Section 440.19 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.19 Labor. Payments for labor... supplement wages paid to training participants, public service employment workers, or other Federal or State...

Investigation of regime switching from mode locking to Q-switching in a 2 µm InGaSb/AlGaAsSb quantum well laser.

PubMed

Li, Xiang; Wang, Hong; Qiao, Zhongliang; Guo, Xin; Wang, Wanjun; Ng, Geok Ing; Zhang, Yu; Xu, Yingqiang; Niu, Zhichuan; Tong, Cunzhu; Liu, Chongyang

2018-04-02

A two-section InGaSb/AlGaAsSb single quantum well (SQW) laser emitting at 2 μm is presented. By varying the absorber bias voltage with a fixed gain current at 130 mA, passive mode locking at ~18.40 GHz, Q-switched mode locking, and passive Q-switching are observed in this laser. In the Q-switched mode locking regimes, the Q-switched RF signal and mode locked RF signal coexist, and the Q-switched lasing and mode-locked lasing happen at different wavelengths. This is the first observation of these three pulsed working regimes in a GaSb-based diode laser. An analysis of the regime switching mechanism is given based on the interplay between the gain saturation and the saturable absorption.

Mode-locking evolution in ring fiber lasers with tunable repetition rate.

PubMed

Korobko, D A; Fotiadi, A A; Zolotovskii, I O

2017-09-04

We have applied a simple approach to analyze behavior of the harmonically mode-locked fiber laser incorporating an adjustable Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). Our model is able to describe key features of the laser outputs and explore limitations of physical mechanisms responsible for laser operation at different pulse repetition rates tuned over a whole GHz range. At low repetition rates the laser operates as a harmonically mode-locked soliton laser triggered by a fast saturable absorber. At high repetition rates the laser mode-locking occurs due to dissipative four-wave mixing seeded by MZI and gain spectrum filtering. However, the laser stability in this regime is rather low due to poor mode selectivity provided by MZI that is able to support the desired laser operation just near the lasing threshold. The use of a double MZI instead of a single MZI could improve the laser stability and extends the range of the laser tunability. The model predicts a gap between two repetitive rate ranges where pulse train generation is not supported.

Passive mode locking of a GaSb-based quantum well diode laser emitting at 2.1 μm

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Merghem, K.; Aubin, G.; Ramdane, A.

2015-09-14

We demonstrate passive mode locking of a GaSb-based diode laser emitting at 2.1 μm. The active region of the studied device consists in two 10-nm-thick GaInSbAs/GaAlSbAs quantum wells. Passive mode locking has been achieved in a two-section laser with one of the sections used as a saturable absorber. A microwave signal at 20.6 GHz, measured in the electrical circuit of the absorber, corresponds to the fundamental photon round-trip frequency in the laser resonator. The linewidth of this signal as low as ∼10 kHz has been observed at certain operating conditions, indicating low phase noise mode-locked operation.

Dual-wavelength passive and hybrid mode-locking of 3, 4.5 and 10 GHz InAs/InP(100) quantum dot lasers.

PubMed

Tahvili, M S; Du, L; Heck, M J R; Nötzel, R; Smit, M K; Bente, E A J M

2012-03-26

We present an investigation of passive and hybrid mode-locking in Fabry-Pérot type two-section InAs/InP(100) quantum dot lasers that show dual wavelength operation. Over the whole current and voltage range for mode-locking of these lasers, the optical output spectra show two distinct lobes. The two lobes provide a coherent bandwidth and are verified to lead to two synchronized optical pulses. The generated optical pulses are elongated in time due to a chirp which shows opposite signs over the two spectral lobes. Self-induced mode-locking in the single-section laser shows that the dual-wavelength spectra correspond to emission from ground state. In the hybrid mode-locking regime, a map of locking range is presented by measuring the values of timing jitter for several values of power and frequency of the external electrical modulating signal. An overview of the systematic behavior of InAs/InP(100) quantum dot mode-locked lasers is presented as conclusion.

Modal gain characteristics of a 2 μm InGaSb/AlGaAsSb passively mode-locked quantum well laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xiang; Wang, Hong; Qiao, Zhongliang; Guo, Xin; Ng, Geok Ing; Zhang, Yu; Niu, Zhichuan; Tong, Cunzhu; Liu, Chongyang

2017-12-01

Passive mode locking with a fundamental repetition rate at ˜18.46 GHz is demonstrated in a two-section InGaSb/AlGaAsSb quantum well laser emitting at 2 μm. Modal gain characteristics of the laser are investigated by performing the Hakki-Paoli method to gain better insight into the impact of the absorber bias voltage (Va) on the light output. The lasing action moves to longer wavelengths markedly with increasing negative Va. The light output contains more longitudinal modes in the mode locking regime if the gain bandwidth is larger at a certain Va. Our findings provide guidelines for output characteristics of the mode-locked laser.

Hybrid mode-locked fiber ring laser using graphene and charcoal nanoparticles as saturable absorbers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Hongyu; Zhang, Xiang; Li, Wenbo; Dutta, Niloy K.

2016-05-01

A fiber ring laser which implements hybrid mode locking technique has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated to generate pulse train at 20 GHz repetition rate with ultrashort pulse width. Graphene and charcoal nano-particles acting as passive mode lockers are inserted into a rational harmonic mode-locked fiber laser to improve the performance. With graphene saturable absorbers, the pulse duration is shortened from 5.3 ps to 2.8 ps, and with charcoal nano-particles, it is shortened to 3.2 ps. The RF spectra show that supermode noise can be removed in the presence of the saturable absorbers. Numerical simulation of the pulse transmission has also been carried out, which shows good agreement with the experimental results.

Actively mode-locked erbium fiber ring laser using a Fabry-Perot semiconductor modulator as mode locker and tunable filter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Shenping; Chan, K. T.

1999-05-01

A wavelength-tunable actively mode-locked erbium fiber ring laser was demonstrated using a Fabry-Perot semiconductor modulator. The modulator played the simultaneous roles of an intensity mode locker and a tunable optical filter. Stable single- or dual-wavelength nearly transform-limited picosecond pulses at gigabit repetition rates were generated. Continuous wavelength tuning was achieved by simply controlling the temperature of the modulator. Pulse train with a repetition rate up to 19.93 GHz (eight times the driving frequency) was obtained by using rational harmonic mode-locking technique.

15 CFR 270.314 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.314 Section 270.314...; and Protection of Information Collection of Evidence § 270.314 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may... evidence requested pursuant to § 270.313 of this subpart. Should negotiations fail to result in the...

15 CFR 270.314 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.314 Section 270.314...; and Protection of Information Collection of Evidence § 270.314 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may... evidence requested pursuant to § 270.313 of this subpart. Should negotiations fail to result in the...

15 CFR 270.314 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.314 Section 270.314...; and Protection of Information Collection of Evidence § 270.314 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may... evidence requested pursuant to § 270.313 of this subpart. Should negotiations fail to result in the...

15 CFR 270.314 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.314 Section 270.314...; and Protection of Information Collection of Evidence § 270.314 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may... evidence requested pursuant to § 270.313 of this subpart. Should negotiations fail to result in the...

15 CFR 270.314 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.314 Section 270.314...; and Protection of Information Collection of Evidence § 270.314 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may... evidence requested pursuant to § 270.313 of this subpart. Should negotiations fail to result in the...

Mode-locked laser with pulse interleavers in a monolithic photonic integrated circuit for millimeter wave and terahertz carrier generation.

PubMed

Lo, Mu-Chieh; Guzmán, Robinson; Gordón, Carlos; Carpintero, Guillermo

2017-04-15

This Letter presents a photonics-based millimeter wave and terahertz frequency synthesizer using a monolithic InP photonic integrated circuit composed of a mode-locked laser (MLL) and two pulse interleaver stages to multiply the repetition rate frequency. The MLL is a multiple colliding pulse MLL producing an 80 GHz repetition rate pulse train. Through two consecutive monolithic pulse interleaver structures, each doubling the repetition rate, we demonstrate the achievement of 160 and 320 GHz. The fabrication was done on a multi-project wafer run of a generic InP photonic technology platform.

Phase-locking and coherent power combining of broadband linearly chirped optical waves.

PubMed

Satyan, Naresh; Vasilyev, Arseny; Rakuljic, George; White, Jeffrey O; Yariv, Amnon

2012-11-05

We propose, analyze and demonstrate the optoelectronic phase-locking of optical waves whose frequencies are chirped continuously and rapidly with time. The optical waves are derived from a common optoelectronic swept-frequency laser based on a semiconductor laser in a negative feedback loop, with a precisely linear frequency chirp of 400 GHz in 2 ms. In contrast to monochromatic waves, a differential delay between two linearly chirped optical waves results in a mutual frequency difference, and an acoustooptic frequency shifter is therefore used to phase-lock the two waves. We demonstrate and characterize homodyne and heterodyne optical phase-locked loops with rapidly chirped waves, and show the ability to precisely control the phase of the chirped optical waveform using a digital electronic oscillator. A loop bandwidth of ~ 60 kHz, and a residual phase error variance of < 0.01 rad(2) between the chirped waves is obtained. Further, we demonstrate the simultaneous phase-locking of two optical paths to a common master waveform, and the ability to electronically control the resultant two-element optical phased array. The results of this work enable coherent power combining of high-power fiber amplifiers-where a rapidly chirping seed laser reduces stimulated Brillouin scattering-and electronic beam steering of chirped optical waves.

46 CFR 130.440 - Communications system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Communications system. 130.440 Section 130.440 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS VESSEL CONTROL, AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Automation of Unattended Machinery Spaces § 130.440 Communications system...

42 CFR 440.100 - Dental services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Dental services. 440.100 Section 440.100 Public...) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.100 Dental services. (a) “Dental services” means diagnostic, preventive, or corrective procedures provided by or under the...

42 CFR 440.100 - Dental services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Dental services. 440.100 Section 440.100 Public...) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.100 Dental services. (a) “Dental services” means diagnostic, preventive, or corrective procedures provided by or under the...

42 CFR 440.100 - Dental services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Dental services. 440.100 Section 440.100 Public...) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.100 Dental services. (a) “Dental services” means diagnostic, preventive, or corrective procedures provided by or under the...

42 CFR 440.100 - Dental services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Dental services. 440.100 Section 440.100 Public...) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.100 Dental services. (a) “Dental services” means diagnostic, preventive, or corrective procedures provided by or under the...

42 CFR 440.100 - Dental services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Dental services. 440.100 Section 440.100 Public...) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.100 Dental services. (a) “Dental services” means diagnostic, preventive, or corrective procedures provided by or under the...

13 CFR 130.440 - Maximum grant.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Maximum grant. 130.440 Section 130.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CENTERS § 130.440 Maximum grant. No recipient shall receive an SBDC grant exceeding the greater of the minimum...

10 CFR 440.13 - Local applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Local applications. 440.13 Section 440.13 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.13 Local applications. (a) The Support Office Director shall give written notice to all local applicants throughout a...

10 CFR 440.13 - Local applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Local applications. 440.13 Section 440.13 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.13 Local applications. (a) The Support Office Director shall give written notice to all local applicants throughout a...

42 CFR 440.315 - Exempt individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Exempt individuals. 440.315 Section 440.315 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Benchmark Benefit and Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.315 Exempt individuals....

42 CFR 440.315 - Exempt individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Exempt individuals. 440.315 Section 440.315 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Benchmark Benefit and Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.315 Exempt individuals....

42 CFR 440.315 - Exempt individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Exempt individuals. 440.315 Section 440.315 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Benchmark Benefit and Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.315 Exempt individuals....

42 CFR 440.315 - Exempt individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Exempt individuals. 440.315 Section 440.315 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Benchmark Benefit and Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.315 Exempt individuals....

42 CFR 440.315 - Exempt individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Exempt individuals. 440.315 Section 440.315 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Benchmark Benefit and Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.315 Exempt individuals....

13 CFR 130.440 - Maximum grant.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Maximum grant. 130.440 Section 130.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CENTERS § 130.440 Maximum grant. No recipient shall receive an SBDC grant exceeding the greater of the minimum...

49 CFR 195.440 - Public awareness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Public awareness. 195.440 Section 195.440... PIPELINE Operation and Maintenance § 195.440 Public awareness. (a) Each pipeline operator must develop and implement a written continuing public education program that follows the guidance provided in the American...

49 CFR 195.440 - Public awareness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Public awareness. 195.440 Section 195.440... PIPELINE Operation and Maintenance § 195.440 Public awareness. (a) Each pipeline operator must develop and implement a written continuing public education program that follows the guidance provided in the American...

42 CFR 440.90 - Clinic services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Clinic services. 440.90 Section 440.90 Public...) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.90 Clinic services. Clinic... furnished at the clinic by or under the direction of a physician or dentist. (b) Services furnished outside...

21 CFR 573.440 - Ethylene dichloride.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Ethylene dichloride. 573.440 Section 573.440 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) ANIMAL... Additive Listing § 573.440 Ethylene dichloride. The food additive ethylene dichloride may be safely used in...

21 CFR 573.440 - Ethylene dichloride.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS Food Additive Listing § 573.440 Ethylene dichloride. The food additive ethylene dichloride may be safely used in... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Ethylene dichloride. 573.440 Section 573.440 Food...

21 CFR 573.440 - Ethylene dichloride.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS Food Additive Listing § 573.440 Ethylene dichloride. The food additive ethylene dichloride may be safely used in... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Ethylene dichloride. 573.440 Section 573.440 Food...

21 CFR 573.440 - Ethylene dichloride.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS Food Additive Listing § 573.440 Ethylene dichloride. The food additive ethylene dichloride may be safely used in... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Ethylene dichloride. 573.440 Section 573.440 Food...

21 CFR 573.440 - Ethylene dichloride.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS Food Additive Listing § 573.440 Ethylene dichloride. The food additive ethylene dichloride may be safely used in... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Ethylene dichloride. 573.440 Section 573.440 Food...

Exploring the self-mode-locked dynamics of cryogenic diode-pumped Nd:YLF lasers: switching of orthogonal polarizations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, T. L.; Y Cho, C.; Liang, H. C.; Huang, K. F.; Chen, Y. F.

2017-08-01

The self-mode-locked output for cryogenic Nd:YLF laser at the temperature range of 90 K to 290 K is thoroughly investigated. Linearly polarized self-mode-locked lasing at 1047 nm (1053 nm) with a repetition rate up to 1.59 GHz and a pulse width as short as 52 ps can be realized at temperatures above 155 K (below 135 K). Orthogonally polarized self-mode-locked operation can be observed at temperatures near 145 K. During dual-polarization operation, it is found that the polarized component with higher output power is the fundamental transverse mode, whereas the other component with lower output power becomes the high-order transverse mode. The dominant polarized component can be either π- or σ-polarization, depending on the fine adjustment of the cavity.

On-Wafer Measurement of a Silicon-Based CMOS VCO at 324 GHz

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Samoska, Lorene; Man Fung, King; Gaier, Todd; Huang, Daquan; Larocca, Tim; Chang, M. F.; Campbell, Richard; Andrews, Michael

2008-01-01

The world s first silicon-based complementary metal oxide/semiconductor (CMOS) integrated-circuit voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) operating in a frequency range around 324 GHz has been built and tested. Concomitantly, equipment for measuring the performance of this oscillator has been built and tested. These accomplishments are intermediate steps in a continuing effort to develop low-power-consumption, low-phase-noise, electronically tunable signal generators as local oscillators for heterodyne receivers in submillimeter-wavelength (frequency > 300 GHz) scientific instruments and imaging systems. Submillimeter-wavelength imaging systems are of special interest for military and law-enforcement use because they could, potentially, be used to detect weapons hidden behind clothing and other opaque dielectric materials. In comparison with prior submillimeter- wavelength signal generators, CMOS VCOs offer significant potential advantages, including great reductions in power consumption, mass, size, and complexity. In addition, there is potential for on-chip integration of CMOS VCOs with other CMOS integrated circuitry, including phase-lock loops, analog- to-digital converters, and advanced microprocessors.

46 CFR 128.440 - Bilge systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Bilge systems. 128.440 Section 128.440 Shipping COAST... AND SYSTEMS Design Requirements for Specific Systems § 128.440 Bilge systems. (a) Except as provided by this section, each bilge system must comply with §§ 56.50-50 and 56.50-55 of this chapter. (b) If...

46 CFR 128.440 - Bilge systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Bilge systems. 128.440 Section 128.440 Shipping COAST... AND SYSTEMS Design Requirements for Specific Systems § 128.440 Bilge systems. (a) Except as provided by this section, each bilge system must comply with §§ 56.50-50 and 56.50-55 of this chapter. (b) If...

46 CFR 154.440 - Allowable stress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Allowable stress. 154.440 Section 154.440 Shipping COAST... Tank Type A § 154.440 Allowable stress. (a) The allowable stresses for an independent tank type A must... Commandant (CG-522). (b) A greater allowable stress than required in paragraph (a)(1) of this section may be...

46 CFR 154.440 - Allowable stress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Allowable stress. 154.440 Section 154.440 Shipping COAST... Tank Type A § 154.440 Allowable stress. (a) The allowable stresses for an independent tank type A must... Commandant (CG-522). (b) A greater allowable stress than required in paragraph (a)(1) of this section may be...

Distal tibia fractures: locked or non-locked plating?

PubMed Central

Khalsa, Amrit S; Toossi, Nader; Tabb, Loni P; Amin, Nirav H; Donohue, Kenneth W; Cerynik, Douglas L

2014-01-01

Background and purpose Although plating is considered to be the treatment of choice in distal tibia fractures, controversies abound regarding the type of plating for optimal fixation. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate and compare the outcomes of locked plating and non-locked plating in treatment of distal tibia fractures. Patients and methods A systematic review was conducted using PubMed to identify articles on the outcomes of plating in distal tibia fractures that were published up to June 2012. We included English language articles involving a minimum of 10 adult cases with acute fractures treated using single-plate, minimally invasive techniques. Study-level binomial regression on the pooled data was conducted to determine the effect of locking status on different outcomes, adjusted for age, sex, and other independent variables. Results 27 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis of 764 cases (499 locking, 265 non-locking). Based on descriptive analysis only, delayed union was reported in 6% of cases with locked plating and in 4% of cases with non-locked plating. Non-union was reported in 2% of cases with locked plating and 3% of cases with non-locked plating. Comparing locked and non-locked plating, the odds ratio (OR) for reoperation was 0.13 (95% CI: 0.03–0.57) and for malalignment it was 0.10 (95% CI: 0.02–0.42). Both values were statistically significant. Interpretation This study showed that locked plating reduces the odds of reoperation and malalignment after treatment for acute distal tibia fracture. Future studies should accurately assess causality and the clinical and economic impact of these findings. PMID:24758325

18-THz-wide optical frequency comb emitted from monolithic passively mode-locked semiconductor quantum-well laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lo, Mu-Chieh; Guzmán, Robinson; Ali, Muhsin; Santos, Rui; Augustin, Luc; Carpintero, Guillermo

2017-10-01

We report on an optical frequency comb with 14nm (~1.8 THz) spectral bandwidth at -3 dB level that is generated using a passively mode-locked quantum-well (QW) laser in photonic integrated circuits (PICs) fabricated through an InP generic photonic integration technology platform. This 21.5-GHz colliding-pulse mode-locked laser cavity is defined by on-chip reflectors incorporating intracavity phase modulators followed by an extra-cavity SOA as booster amplifier. A 1.8-THz-wide optical comb spectrum is presented with ultrafast pulse that is 0.35-ps-wide. The radio frequency beat note has a 3-dB linewidth of 450 kHz and 35-dB SNR.

50 CFR 270.22 - Refunds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Refunds. 270.22 Section 270.22 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FISH AND SEAFOOD PROMOTION SPECIES-SPECIFIC SEAFOOD MARKETING COUNCILS § 270.22...

Gas spectroscopy system with transmitters and receivers in SiGe BiCMOS for 225-273 GHz

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmalz, Klaus; Rothbart, Nick; Borngräber, Johannes; Yilmaz, Selahattin Berk; Kissinger, Dietmar; Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm

2017-10-01

This paper updates results of our work on gas spectroscopy based on transmitters (TXs) and receivers (RXs) in IHP's 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The improved performance of our system is shown by the absorption spectra of gaseous methanol in the range 241 - 242 GHz at 1.4 Pa, corresponding to an absorption line width of about 1 MHz. The signal-noise ratio (SNR) for the absorption line of methanol at 241.7 GHz is used as measure. The system includes two fractional-n phase-locked loops (PLLs), which allow frequency ramps for the TX and RX, and a superimposed frequency shift keying modulation (FSK) for the TX. Another option includes reference frequency ramps for the PLLs in integer-n mode, which are realized by a direct digital synthesizer (DDS). An SNR of 1515 is observed for the 241.7 GHz absorption line at 1.4 Pa. We extend our single band TX/RX system with the range 238 - 252 GHz to a multi-band system to cover the range 225 - 273 GHz. It is built by combining corresponding pairs of TXs and RXs of three frequency bands in this range. The multi-band operation allows parallel spectra acquisition for these bands. For the TXs and RXs appropriate frequency ramps are generated by their external fractional-n PLL devices.

49 CFR 236.337 - Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. 236.337... Rules and Instructions § 236.337 Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. Locking faces shall fit... face. ...

49 CFR 236.337 - Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. 236.337... Rules and Instructions § 236.337 Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. Locking faces shall fit... face. ...

49 CFR 236.337 - Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. 236.337... Rules and Instructions § 236.337 Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. Locking faces shall fit... face. ...

49 CFR 236.337 - Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. 236.337... Rules and Instructions § 236.337 Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. Locking faces shall fit... face. ...

32 CFR 270.4 - Membership.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Membership. 270.4 Section 270.4 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Commission § 270.4...

32 CFR 270.4 - Membership.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Membership. 270.4 Section 270.4 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Commission § 270.4...

32 CFR 270.4 - Membership.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Membership. 270.4 Section 270.4 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Commission § 270.4...

32 CFR 270.4 - Membership.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Membership. 270.4 Section 270.4 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Commission § 270.4...

32 CFR 270.4 - Membership.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Membership. 270.4 Section 270.4 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Commission § 270.4...

Injection locking method for Raman beams in atom interferometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zi, Fei; Deng, Jianing; Zeng, Daji; Li, Tong; Sun, Mingli; Zhang, Xian; Huang, Kaikai; Lu, Xuanhui

2018-03-01

We present a novel method to generate two phase-locked beams with a frequency offset of 6.834 GHz. The output of the master laser is firstly modulated by an electric optical modulator (EOM), and then further injected into an Extended Cavity Diode Lasers (ECDL) which is used to filter out the unwanted mode and amplify the laser power. By locking to the first-order lower sideband of the modulated master laser, the average variance of the phase fluctuations is 5.6 x 10-3 rad2 , which implies phase coherence of 99.44% between the master laser and the slave ECDL. The line width of the beat notes is less than 1Hz. For the long term stability, with the delicate design of the electronic controller in ECDL, the phase coherence of the two laser beams can be stabilized over 200 hours without any adjustment. The Raman system is applicable for gravity detection with a preliminary sensitivity Δg/g of 4.5 x 10-7 for interrogation time of 1500 s.

The characteristics of Kerr-lens mode-locked self-Raman Nd:YVO4 1176 nm laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Zuohan; Peng, Jiying; Yao, Jianquan; Han, Ming

2017-03-01

In this paper we report on a compact and feasible dual-concave cavity CW Kerr-lens mode-locked self-Raman Nd:YVO4 laser. A self-starting diode-pumped picosecond Nd:YVO4 1176 nm laser is demonstrated without any additional components, where the stimulated Stokes Raman scattering and Kerr-lens-induced mode locking are operated in the same crystal. With an incident pump power of 12 W, the average output power at 1176 nm is up to 643 mW. Meanwhile, the repetition rate and the pulse width of the fundamental laser are measured to be 1.53 GHz and 8.6 ps, respectively. In addition, the yellow laser output at 588 nm is realized by frequency doubling with a LiB3O5 crystal.

Document for 270 Voltage Direct Current (270 V dc) System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1992-09-01

The paper presents the technical design and application information established by the SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice concerning the generation, distribution, control, and utilization of aircraft 270 V dc electrical power systems and support equipment. Also presented are references and definitions making it possible to compare various electrical systems and components. A diagram of the generic 270 V Direct Current High-Voltage Direct System is included.

15 CFR 270.324 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.324 Section 270.324 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF...; and Protection of Information Entry and Inspection § 270.324 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may...

15 CFR 270.324 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.324 Section 270.324 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF...; and Protection of Information Entry and Inspection § 270.324 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may...

15 CFR 270.324 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.324 Section 270.324 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF...; and Protection of Information Entry and Inspection § 270.324 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may...

15 CFR 270.324 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.324 Section 270.324 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF...; and Protection of Information Entry and Inspection § 270.324 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may...

15 CFR 270.324 - Negotiations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Negotiations. 270.324 Section 270.324 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF...; and Protection of Information Entry and Inspection § 270.324 Negotiations. The Lead Investigator may...

50 CFR 270.1 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Scope. 270.1 Section 270.1 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FISH AND SEAFOOD PROMOTION SPECIES-SPECIFIC SEAFOOD MARKETING COUNCILS § 270.1 Scope. This part...

47 CFR 10.440 - Embedded reference prohibition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Embedded reference prohibition. 10.440 Section 10.440 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMERCIAL MOBILE ALERT SYSTEM Alert Message Requirements § 10.440 Embedded reference prohibition. A CMAS Alert Message processed by a...

47 CFR 10.440 - Embedded reference prohibition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Embedded reference prohibition. 10.440 Section 10.440 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMERCIAL MOBILE ALERT SYSTEM Alert Message Requirements § 10.440 Embedded reference prohibition. A CMAS Alert Message processed by a...

47 CFR 10.440 - Embedded reference prohibition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Embedded reference prohibition. 10.440 Section 10.440 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMERCIAL MOBILE ALERT SYSTEM Alert Message Requirements § 10.440 Embedded reference prohibition. A CMAS Alert Message processed by a...

Improvements in Speed and Functionality of a 670-GHz Imaging Radar

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dengler, Robert J.; Cooper, Ken B.; Mehdi, Imran; Siegel, Peter H.; Tarsala, Jan A.; Bryllert, Thomas E.

2011-01-01

Significant improvements have been made in the instrument originally described in a prior NASA Tech Briefs article: Improved Speed and Functionality of a 580-GHz Imaging Radar (NPO-45156), Vol. 34, No. 7 (July 2010), p. 51. First, the wideband YIG oscillator has been replaced with a JPL-designed and built phase-locked, low-noise chirp source. Second, further refinements to the data acquisition and signal processing software have been performed by moving critical code sections to C code, and compiling those sections to Windows DLLs, which are then invoked from the main LabVIEW executive. This system is an active, single-pixel scanned imager operating at 670 GHz. The actual chirp signals for the RF and LO chains were generated by a pair of MITEQ 2.5 3.3 GHz chirp sources. Agilent benchtop synthesizers operating at fixed frequencies around 13 GHz were then used to up-convert the chirp sources to 15.5 16.3 GHz. The resulting signals were then multiplied 36 times by a combination of off-the-shelf millimeter- wave components, and JPL-built 200- GHz doublers and 300- and 600-GHz triplers. The power required to drive the submillimeter-wave multipliers was provided by JPL-built W-band amplifiers. The receive and transmit signal paths were combined using a thin, high-resistivity silicon wafer as a beam splitter. While the results at present are encouraging, the system still lacks sufficient speed to be usable for practical applications in a contraband detection. Ideally, an image acquisition speed of ten seconds, or a factor of 30 improvement, is desired. However, the system improvements to date have resulted in a factor of five increase in signal acquisition speed, as well as enhanced signal processing algorithms, permitting clearer imaging of contraband objects hidden underneath clothing. In particular, advances in three distinct areas have enabled these performance enhancements: base source phase noise reduction, chirp rate, and signal processing. Additionally, a second

Locking hinge

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wesselski, Clarence J. (Inventor)

1988-01-01

The space station configuration currently studied utilizes structures which require struts to be hinged in the middle in the stowed mode and locked into place in the deployed mode. Since there are hundreds of hinges involved, it is necessary that they have simple, positive locking features with a minimum of joint looseness or slack. This invention comprises two similar housings hinged together with a spring loaded locking member which assists in making as well as breaking the lock. This invention comprises a bracket hinge and bracket members with a spring biased and movable locking member. The locking or latch member has ear parts received in locking openings where wedging surfaces on the ear parts cooperate with complimentary surfaces on the bracket members for bringing the bracket members into a tight end-to-end alignment when the bracket members are in an extended position. When the locking member is moved to an unlocking position, pivoting of the hinge about a pivot pin automatically places the locking member to retain the locking member in an unlocked position. In pivoting the hinge from an extended position to a folded position, longitudinal spring members are placed under tension over annular rollers so that the spring tension in a folded position assists in return of the hinge from a folded to an extended position. Novelty lies in the creation of a locking hinge which allows compact storage and easy assembly of structural members having a minimal number of parts.

42 CFR 440.166 - Nurse practitioner services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Nurse practitioner services. 440.166 Section 440... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.166 Nurse practitioner services. (a) Definition of nurse practitioner services. Nurse practitioner services means services that...

45 CFR 2541.440 - Termination for convenience.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Termination for convenience. 2541.440 Section 2541.440 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND... LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Reports, Records, Retention and Enforcement § 2541.440 Termination for convenience...

42 CFR 440.166 - Nurse practitioner services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Nurse practitioner services. 440.166 Section 440... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.166 Nurse practitioner services. (a) Definition of nurse practitioner services. Nurse practitioner services means services that...

42 CFR 440.169 - Case management services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Case management services. 440.169 Section 440.169 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.169 Case management...

8 CFR 270.3 - Penalties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Penalties. 270.3 Section 270.3 Aliens and Nationality DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS PENALTIES FOR DOCUMENT FRAUD § 270.3 Penalties. (a) Criminal penalties. Nothing in section 274C of the Act shall be construed to diminish or...

8 CFR 270.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Definitions. 270.1 Section 270.1 Aliens and Nationality DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS PENALTIES FOR DOCUMENT FRAUD § 270.1 Definitions. For the purpose of this part— Document means an instrument on which is recorded, by means of...

12 CFR 270.1 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Authority. 270.1 Section 270.1 Banks and... RESERVE BANKS Regulations Relating to Open Market Operations of Federal Reserve Banks § 270.1 Authority. This part is issued by the Federal Open Market Committee (the “Committee”) pursuant to authority...

15 CFR 270.205 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Reports. 270.205 Section 270.205... SAFETY TEAMS Investigations § 270.205 Reports. (a) Not later than 90 days after completing an investigation, a Team shall issue a public report which includes: (1) An analysis of the likely technical cause...

15 CFR 270.205 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Reports. 270.205 Section 270.205... SAFETY TEAMS Investigations § 270.205 Reports. (a) Not later than 90 days after completing an investigation, a Team shall issue a public report which includes: (1) An analysis of the likely technical cause...

15 CFR 270.205 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Reports. 270.205 Section 270.205... SAFETY TEAMS Investigations § 270.205 Reports. (a) Not later than 90 days after completing an investigation, a Team shall issue a public report which includes: (1) An analysis of the likely technical cause...

Beat note stabilization of a 10-60 GHz dual-polarization microlaser through optical down conversion.

PubMed

Rolland, A; Brunel, M; Loas, G; Frein, L; Vallet, M; Alouini, M

2011-02-28

Down-conversion of a high-frequency beat note to an intermediate frequency is realized by a Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator. Optically-carried microwave signals in the 10-60 GHz range are synthesized by using a two-frequency solid-state microchip laser as a voltage-controlled oscillator inside a digital phase-locked loop. We report an in-loop relative frequency stability better than 2.5×10⁻¹¹. The principle is applicable to beat notes in the millimeter-wave range.

40 CFR 440.101 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.101 Section 440.101 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Copper, Lead, Zinc, Gold, Silver, and Molybdenum...

40 CFR 440.101 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.101 Section 440.101 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Copper, Lead, Zinc, Gold, Silver, and Molybdenum...

40 CFR 440.101 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.101 Section 440.101 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Copper, Lead, Zinc, Gold, Silver, and Molybdenum...

40 CFR 440.101 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.101 Section 440.101 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Copper, Lead, Zinc, Gold, Silver, and Molybdenum Ores...

40 CFR 440.101 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.101 Section 440.101 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Copper, Lead, Zinc, Gold, Silver, and Molybdenum Ores...

49 CFR 236.337 - Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. 236.337 Section 236.337 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL RAILROAD... Rules and Instructions § 236.337 Locking faces of mechanical locking; fit. Locking faces shall fit...

21 CFR 1271.270 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Records. 1271.270 Section 1271.270 Food and Drugs... TISSUE-BASED PRODUCTS Current Good Tissue Practice § 1271.270 Records. (a) General. You must maintain records concurrently with the performance of each step required in this subpart and subpart C of this part...

21 CFR 1271.270 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Records. 1271.270 Section 1271.270 Food and Drugs... TISSUE-BASED PRODUCTS Current Good Tissue Practice § 1271.270 Records. (a) General. You must maintain records concurrently with the performance of each step required in this subpart and subpart C of this part...

42 CFR 440.70 - Home health services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Home health services. 440.70 Section 440.70 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.70 Home health services. (a...

42 CFR 440.70 - Home health services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Home health services. 440.70 Section 440.70 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.70 Home health services. (a...

42 CFR 440.347 - Essential health benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Essential health benefits. 440.347 Section 440.347 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES...-Equivalent Coverage § 440.347 Essential health benefits. (a) Alternative Benefit Plans must contain essential...

42 CFR 440.70 - Home health services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Home health services. 440.70 Section 440.70 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.70 Home health services. (a...

42 CFR 440.70 - Home health services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Home health services. 440.70 Section 440.70 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.70 Home health services. (a...

42 CFR 440.347 - Essential health benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Essential health benefits. 440.347 Section 440.347 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES...-Equivalent Coverage § 440.347 Essential health benefits. (a) Alternative Benefit Plans must contain essential...

42 CFR 440.70 - Home health services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Home health services. 440.70 Section 440.70 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.70 Home health services. (a...

29 CFR 1926.433-1926.440 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 1926.433-1926.440 Section 1926.433-1926.440 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION... Maintenance and Environmental Considerations §§ 1926.433-1926.440 [Reserved] Safety Requirements for Special...

14 CFR 440.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Definitions. 440.3 Section 440.3 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... space flight participant, for the purposes of this part, is not a customer. Federal range facility means...

14 CFR 440.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Definitions. 440.3 Section 440.3 Aeronautics and Space COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... space flight participant, for the purposes of this part, is not a customer. Federal range facility means...

40 CFR 440.81 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.81 Section 440.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Vanadium Ore Subcategory (Mined Alone and Not as a...

40 CFR 440.81 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.81 Section 440.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Vanadium Ore Subcategory (Mined Alone and Not as a Byproduct...

40 CFR 440.81 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.81 Section 440.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Vanadium Ore Subcategory (Mined Alone and Not as a...

40 CFR 440.81 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.81 Section 440.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Vanadium Ore Subcategory (Mined Alone and Not as a Byproduct...

40 CFR 440.81 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 440.81 Section 440.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS (CONTINUED) ORE MINING AND DRESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Vanadium Ore Subcategory (Mined Alone and Not as a...

30 CFR 270.7 - Remedies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Remedies. 270.7 Section 270.7 Mineral Resources... NONDISCRIMINATION IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF § 270.7 Remedies. In addition to the penalties available under 30 CFR part 250, subpart N of this title, the Director may invoke any other remedies available to him or...

30 CFR 270.7 - Remedies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Remedies. 270.7 Section 270.7 Mineral Resources... SHELF § 270.7 Remedies. In addition to the penalties available under 30 CFR part 250, subpart N of this title, the Director may invoke any other remedies available to him or her under the Act or regulations...

Passive harmonic mode locking by mode selection in Fabry-Perot diode lasers with patterned effective index.

PubMed

Bitauld, David; Osborne, Simon; O'Brien, Stephen

2010-07-01

We demonstrate passive harmonic mode locking of a quantum-well laser diode designed to support a discrete comb of Fabry-Perot modes. Spectral filtering of the mode spectrum was achieved using a nonperiodic patterning of the cavity effective index. By selecting six modes spaced at twice the fundamental mode spacing, near-transform-limited pulsed output with 2 ps pulse duration was obtained at a repetition rate of 100 GHz.

46 CFR 153.440 - Cargo temperature sensors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Cargo temperature sensors. 153.440 Section 153.440... CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design and Equipment Cargo Temperature Control Systems § 153.440 Cargo temperature sensors. (a) Except as prescribed in paragraph (c) of...

46 CFR 153.440 - Cargo temperature sensors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cargo temperature sensors. 153.440 Section 153.440... CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design and Equipment Cargo Temperature Control Systems § 153.440 Cargo temperature sensors. (a) Except as prescribed in paragraph (c) of...

49 CFR 236.330 - Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. 236.330 Section 236.330 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL RAILROAD... Rules and Instructions § 236.330 Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. Locking dog of switch-and-lock...

49 CFR 236.330 - Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. 236.330 Section 236.330 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL RAILROAD... Rules and Instructions § 236.330 Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. Locking dog of switch-and-lock...

49 CFR 236.330 - Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. 236.330 Section 236.330 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL RAILROAD... Rules and Instructions § 236.330 Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. Locking dog of switch-and-lock...

49 CFR 236.330 - Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. 236.330 Section 236.330 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL RAILROAD... Rules and Instructions § 236.330 Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. Locking dog of switch-and-lock...

49 CFR 236.330 - Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. 236.330 Section 236.330 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL RAILROAD... Rules and Instructions § 236.330 Locking dog of switch-and-lock movement. Locking dog of switch-and-lock...

12. LOCK GATES AT THE SWAMP LOCKS, SEPARATING THE UPPER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

12. LOCK GATES AT THE SWAMP LOCKS, SEPARATING THE UPPER AND LOWER LOCK CHAMBERS, SHOWING PADDLE VALVES, LOOKING WEST: 1976 - Pawtucket Canal, Swamp Locks, Pawtucket & Merrimack Canals, Lowell, Middlesex County, MA

42 CFR 440.370 - Economy and efficiency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Economy and efficiency. 440.370 Section 440.370 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Benchmark Benefit and Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.370 Economy and efficiency....

42 CFR 440.165 - Nurse-midwife service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Nurse-midwife service. 440.165 Section 440.165... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.165 Nurse-midwife service. (a) “Nurse-midwife services” means services that— (1) Are furnished by a nurse-midwife within the...

42 CFR 440.370 - Economy and efficiency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Economy and efficiency. 440.370 Section 440.370...-Equivalent Coverage § 440.370 Economy and efficiency. Benchmark and benchmark-equivalent coverage and any... requirements and other economy and efficiency principles that would otherwise be applicable to the services or...

42 CFR 440.370 - Economy and efficiency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Economy and efficiency. 440.370 Section 440.370...-Equivalent Coverage § 440.370 Economy and efficiency. Benchmark and benchmark-equivalent coverage and any... requirements and other economy and efficiency principles that would otherwise be applicable to the services or...

42 CFR 440.370 - Economy and efficiency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Economy and efficiency. 440.370 Section 440.370...-Equivalent Coverage § 440.370 Economy and efficiency. Benchmark and benchmark-equivalent coverage and any... requirements and other economy and efficiency principles that would otherwise be applicable to the services or...

42 CFR 440.370 - Economy and efficiency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Economy and efficiency. 440.370 Section 440.370...-Equivalent Coverage § 440.370 Economy and efficiency. Benchmark and benchmark-equivalent coverage and any... requirements and other economy and efficiency principles that would otherwise be applicable to the services or...

21 CFR 510.440 - Injectable iron preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Injectable iron preparations. 510.440 Section 510.440 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED... § 510.440 Injectable iron preparations. There has been an increasing interest in the use of injectable...

10 CFR 440.16 - Minimum program requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Minimum program requirements. 440.16 Section 440.16 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.16 Minimum...) Families with children; (4) High residential energy users; and (5) Households with a high energy burden. (c...

10 CFR 440.16 - Minimum program requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Minimum program requirements. 440.16 Section 440.16 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.16 Minimum...) Families with children; (4) High residential energy users; and (5) Households with a high energy burden. (c...

10 CFR 440.16 - Minimum program requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Minimum program requirements. 440.16 Section 440.16 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.16 Minimum...) Families with children; (4) High residential energy users; and (5) Households with a high energy burden. (c...

42 CFR 440.300 - Basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Basis. 440.300 Section 440.300 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL....300 Basis. This subpart implements section 1937 of the Act, which authorizes States to provide for...

42 CFR 440.167 - Personal care services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Personal care services. 440.167 Section 440.167 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.167 Personal care services. Unless defined differently by a State...

42 CFR 440.167 - Personal care services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Personal care services. 440.167 Section 440.167 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.167 Personal care services. Unless defined differently by a State...

42 CFR 440.167 - Personal care services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Personal care services. 440.167 Section 440.167 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.167 Personal care services. Unless defined differently by a State...

42 CFR 440.167 - Personal care services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Personal care services. 440.167 Section 440.167 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.167 Personal care services. Unless defined differently by a State...

42 CFR 440.167 - Personal care services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Personal care services. 440.167 Section 440.167 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.167 Personal care services. Unless defined differently by a State...

Elastic properties of transparent nano-polycrystalline diamond measured by GHz-ultrasonic interferometry and resonant sphere methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Yun-Yuan; Jacobsen, Steven D.; Kimura, Masaki; Irifune, Tetsuo; Ohno, Ichiro

2014-03-01

The sound velocities and elastic moduli of transparent nano-polycrystalline diamond (NPD) have been determined by GHz-ultrasonic interferometry on three different bulk samples, and by resonant spectroscopy on a spherically fabricated NPD sample. We employ a newly-developed optical contact micrometer to measure the thickness of ultrasonic samples to ±0.05 μm with a spatial resolution of ∼50 μm in the same position of the GHz-ultrasonic measurements, resulting in acoustic-wave sound velocity measurements with uncertainties of 0.005-0.02%. The isotropic and adiabatic bulk and shear moduli of NPD measured by GHz-ultrasonic interferometry are KS0 = 442.5 (±0.5) GPa and G0 = 532.4 (±0.5) GPa. By rotating the shear-wave polarization direction, we observe no transverse anisotropy in this NPD. Using resonant sphere spectroscopy, we obtain KS0 = 440.3 (±0.5) GPa and G0 = 532.7 (±0.4) GPa. For comparison, we also measured by GHz-ultrasonic interferometry the elastic constants of a natural single-crystal type-IA diamond with about one-half the experimental uncertainty of previous measurements. The resulting Voigt-Reuss-Hill averaged bulk and shear moduli of natural diamond are KS0 = 441.8 (±0.8) GPa and G0 = 532.6 (±0.5) GPa, demonstrating that the bulk-elastic properties of transparent NPD are equivalent to natural single-crystal diamond as calculated from polycrystalline averaging of its elastic constants.

35. INTERIOR VIEW OF THE GUARD LOCKS LOCK HOUSE: CLOSED ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

35. INTERIOR VIEW OF THE GUARD LOCKS LOCK HOUSE: CLOSED LOCK GATES AND TWO SETS OF MACHINERY TO ASSIST IN OPERATING THEM. VIEW FROM THE FAST END OF THE BUILDING LOOKING WEST 1976 - Pawtucket Canal, Guard Locks, Lowell, Middlesex County, MA

Dual-comb coherent Raman spectroscopy with lasers of 1-GHz pulse repetition frequency.

PubMed

Mohler, Kathrin J; Bohn, Bernhard J; Yan, Ming; Mélen, Gwénaëlle; Hänsch, Theodor W; Picqué, Nathalie

2017-01-15

We extend the technique of multiplex coherent Raman spectroscopy with two femtosecond mode-locked lasers to oscillators of a pulse repetition frequency of 1 GHz. We demonstrate a spectra of liquids, which span 1100  cm^-1 of Raman shifts. At a resolution of 6  cm^-1, their measurement time may be as short as 5 μs for a refresh rate of 2 kHz. The waiting period between acquisitions is improved 10-fold compared to previous experiments with two lasers of 100-MHz repetition frequencies.

Environmental stability of actively mode locked fibre lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hill, Calum H.; Lee, Stephen T.; Reid, Derryck T.; Baili, Ghaya; Davies, John

2016-10-01

Lasers developed for defence related applications typically encounter issues with reliability and meeting desired specification when taken from the lab to the product line. In particular the harsh environmental conditions a laser has to endure can lead to difficulties. This paper examines a specific class of laser, namely actively mode-locked fibre lasers (AMLFLs), and discusses the impact of environmental perturbations. Theoretical and experimental results have assisted in developing techniques to improve the stability of a mode-locked pulse train for continuous operation. Many of the lessons learned in this research are applicable to a much broader category of lasers. The AMLFL consists of a fibre ring cavity containing a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), an isolator, an output coupler, a circulator, a bandpass filter and a modulator. The laser produces a train of 6-ps pulses at 800 nm with a repetition rate in the GHz regime and a low-noise profile. This performance is realisable in a laboratory environment. However, even small changes in temperature on the order of 0.1 °C can cause a collapse of mode-locked dynamics such that the required stability cannot be achieved without suitable feedback. Investigations into the root causes of this failure were performed by changing the temperature of components that constitute the laser resonator and observing their properties. Several different feedback mechanisms have been investigated to improve laser stability in an environment with dynamic temperature changes. Active cavity length control will be discussed along with DC bias control of the Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM).

Extremely Coherent Microwave Emission from Spin Torque Oscillator Stabilized by Phase Locked Loop

PubMed Central

Tamaru, Shingo; Kubota, Hitoshi; Yakushiji, Kay; Yuasa, Shinji; Fukushima, Akio

2015-01-01

Spin torque oscillator (STO) has been attracting a great deal of attention as a candidate for the next generation microwave signal sources for various modern electronics systems since its advent. However, the phase noise of STOs under free running oscillation is still too large to be used in practical microwave applications, thus an industrially viable means to stabilize its oscillation has been strongly sought. Here we demonstrate implementation of a phase locked loop using a STO as a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) that generates a 7.344 GHz microwave signal stabilized by a 153 MHz reference signal. Spectrum measurement showed successful phase locking of the microwave signal to the reference signal, characterized by an extremely narrow oscillation peak with a linewidth of less than the measurement limit of 1 Hz. This demonstration should be a major breakthrough toward various practical applications of STOs. PMID:26658880

An improved fast acquisition phase frequency detector for high speed phase-locked loops

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Lei; Wang, Zongmin; Zhang, Tieliang; Peng, Xinmang

2018-04-01

Phase-locked loops (PLL) have been widely applied in many high-speed designs, such as microprocessors or communication systems. In this paper, an improved fast acquisition phase frequency detector for high speed phase-locked loops is proposed. An improved structure based on dynamic latch is used to eliminate the non-ideal effect such as dead zone and blind zone. And frequency dividers are utilized to vastly extend the phase difference detection range and enhance the operation frequency of the PLL. Proposed PFD has been implemented in 65nm CMOS technology, which occupies an area of 0.0016mm2 and consumes 1.5mW only. Simulation results demonstrate that maximum operation frequency can be up to 5GHz. In addition, the acquisition time of PLL using proposed PFD is 1.0us which is 2.6 times faster than that of the PLL using latch-based PFD without divider.

Distilling perfect GHZ states from two copies of non-GHZ-diagonal mixed states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Xin-Wen; Tang, Shi-Qing; Yuan, Ji-Bing; Zhang, Deng-Yu

2017-06-01

It has been shown that a nearly pure Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state could be distilled from a large (even infinite) number of GHZ-diagonal states that can be obtained by depolarizing general multipartite mixed states (non-GHZ-diagonal states) through sequences of (probabilistic) local operations and classical communications. We here demonstrate that perfect GHZ states can be extracted, with certain probabilities, from two copies of non-GHZ-diagonal mixed states when some conditions are satisfied. This result implies that it is not necessary to depolarize these entangled mixed states to the GHZ-diagonal type, and that they are better than GHZ-diagonal states for distillation of pure GHZ states. We find a wide class of multipartite entangled mixed states that fulfill the requirements. Moreover, we display that the obtained result can be applied to practical noisy environments, e.g., amplitude-damping channels. Our findings provide an important complementarity to conventional GHZ-state distillation protocols (designed for GHZ-diagonal states) in theory, as well as having practical applications.

Output Power Limitations and Improvements in Passively Mode Locked GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Well Lasers.

PubMed

Tandoi, Giuseppe; Ironside, Charles N; Marsh, John H; Bryce, A Catrina

2012-03-01

We report a novel approach for increasing the output power in passively mode locked semiconductor lasers. Our approach uses epitaxial structures with an optical trap in the bottom cladding that enlarges the vertical mode size to scale the pulse saturation energy. With this approach we demonstrate a very high peak power of 9.8 W per facet, at a repetition rate of 6.8 GHz and with pulse duration of 0.71 ps. In particular, we compare two GaAs/AlGaAs epilayer designs, a double quantum well design operating at 830 nm and a single quantum well design operating at 795 nm, with vertical mode sizes of 0.5 and 0.75 μm, respectively. We show that a larger mode size not only shifts the mode locking regime of operation towards higher powers, but also produces other improvements in respect of two main failure mechanisms that limit the output power: the catastrophic optical mirror damage and the catastrophic optical saturable absorber damage. For the 830 nm material structure, we also investigate the effect of non-absorbing mirrors on output power and mode locked operation of colliding pulse mode locked lasers.

Output Power Limitations and Improvements in Passively Mode Locked GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Well Lasers

PubMed Central

Tandoi, Giuseppe; Ironside, Charles N.; Marsh, John H.; Bryce, A. Catrina

2013-01-01

We report a novel approach for increasing the output power in passively mode locked semiconductor lasers. Our approach uses epitaxial structures with an optical trap in the bottom cladding that enlarges the vertical mode size to scale the pulse saturation energy. With this approach we demonstrate a very high peak power of 9.8 W per facet, at a repetition rate of 6.8 GHz and with pulse duration of 0.71 ps. In particular, we compare two GaAs/AlGaAs epilayer designs, a double quantum well design operating at 830 nm and a single quantum well design operating at 795 nm, with vertical mode sizes of 0.5 and 0.75 μm, respectively. We show that a larger mode size not only shifts the mode locking regime of operation towards higher powers, but also produces other improvements in respect of two main failure mechanisms that limit the output power: the catastrophic optical mirror damage and the catastrophic optical saturable absorber damage. For the 830 nm material structure, we also investigate the effect of non-absorbing mirrors on output power and mode locked operation of colliding pulse mode locked lasers. PMID:23843678

48 CFR 215.270 - Peer Reviews.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Peer Reviews. 215.270 Section 215.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SYSTEM, DEPARTMENT... of Proposals and Information 215.270 Peer Reviews. Agency officials shall conduct Peer Reviews in...

30 CFR 270.4 - Discrimination prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Discrimination prohibited. 270.4 Section 270.4 Mineral Resources BUREAU OF OCEAN ENERGY MANAGEMENT, REGULATION, AND ENFORCEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OFFSHORE NONDISCRIMINATION IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF § 270.4 Discrimination prohibited. No...

30 CFR 270.4 - Discrimination prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Discrimination prohibited. 270.4 Section 270.4 Mineral Resources MINERALS MANAGEMENT SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OFFSHORE NONDISCRIMINATION IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF § 270.4 Discrimination prohibited. No contract or subcontract to which...

50 CFR 665.440 - Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved] 665.440 Section 665.440 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC... Mariana Archipelago Fisheries § 665.440 Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved] ...

50 CFR 665.440 - Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved] 665.440 Section 665.440 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC... Mariana Archipelago Fisheries § 665.440 Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved] ...

50 CFR 665.440 - Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved] 665.440 Section 665.440 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC... Mariana Archipelago Fisheries § 665.440 Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved] ...

Generation of a CW local oscillator signal using a stabilized injection locked semiconductor laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pezeshki, Jonah Massih

In high speed-communications, it is desirable to be able to detect small signals while maintaining a low bit-error rate. Conventional receivers for high-speed fiber optic networks are Amplified Direct Detectors (ADDs) that use erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) before the detector to achieve a suitable sensitivity. In principle, a better method for obtaining the maximum possible signal to noise ratio is through the use of homodyne detection. The major difficulty in implementing a homodyne detection system is the generation of a suitable local oscillator signal. This local oscillator signal must be at the same frequency as the received data signal, as well as be phase coherent with it. To accomplish this, a variety of synchronization techniques have been explored, including Optical Phase-Lock Loops (OPLL), Optical Injection Locking (OIL) with both Fabry-Perot and DFB lasers, and an Optical Injection Phase-Lock Loop (OIPLL). For this project I have implemented a method for regenerating a local oscillator from a portion of the received optical signal. This regenerated local oscillator is at the same frequency, and is phase coherent with, the received optical signal. In addition, we show that the injection locking process can be electronically stabilized by using the modulation transfer ratio of the slave laser as a monitor, given either a DFB or Fabry-Perot slave laser. We show that this stabilization technique maintains injection lock (given a locking range of ˜1GHz) for laser drift much greater than what is expected in a typical transmission system. In addition, we explore the quality of the output of the slave laser, and analyze its suitability as a local oscillator signal for a homodyne receiver.

46 CFR 107.270 - Periodic inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Periodic inspection. 107.270 Section 107.270 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A-MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection and Certification § 107.270 Periodic inspection. (a) Your vessel must undergo a...

46 CFR 107.270 - Periodic inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Periodic inspection. 107.270 Section 107.270 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A-MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection and Certification § 107.270 Periodic inspection. (a) Your vessel must undergo a...

46 CFR 107.270 - Periodic inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Periodic inspection. 107.270 Section 107.270 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A-MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection and Certification § 107.270 Periodic inspection. (a) Your vessel must undergo a...

46 CFR 107.270 - Periodic inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Periodic inspection. 107.270 Section 107.270 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A-MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection and Certification § 107.270 Periodic inspection. (a) Your vessel must undergo a...

46 CFR 107.270 - Periodic inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Periodic inspection. 107.270 Section 107.270 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A-MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection and Certification § 107.270 Periodic inspection. (a) Your vessel must undergo a...

48 CFR 3006.303-270 - Content.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2017-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2017-10-01 2017-10-01 false Content. 3006.303-270 Section 3006.303-270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, HOMELAND... Open Competition 3006.303-270 Content. (a)(9)(iv) For a proposed contract subject to the restrictions...

30 CFR 270.4 - Discrimination prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Discrimination prohibited. 270.4 Section 270.4 Mineral Resources BUREAU OF SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENFORCEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OFFSHORE NONDISCRIMINATION IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF § 270.4 Discrimination prohibited. No contract or subcontract to...

30 CFR 270.4 - Discrimination prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Discrimination prohibited. 270.4 Section 270.4 Mineral Resources BUREAU OF SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENFORCEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OFFSHORE NONDISCRIMINATION IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF § 270.4 Discrimination prohibited. No contract or subcontract to...

30 CFR 270.4 - Discrimination prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Discrimination prohibited. 270.4 Section 270.4 Mineral Resources BUREAU OF SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENFORCEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OFFSHORE NONDISCRIMINATION IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF § 270.4 Discrimination prohibited. No contract or subcontract to...

Screw-locking wrench

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vranish, John M. (Inventor)

2007-01-01

A tool comprises a first handle and a second handle, each handle extending from a gripping end portion to a working end portion, the first handle having first screw threads disposed circumferentially about an inner portion of a first through-hole at the working end portion thereof, the second handle having second screw threads disposed circumferentially about an inner portion of a second through-hole at the working end portion thereof, the first and second respective through-holes being disposed concentrically about a common axis of the working end portions. First and second screw locks preferably are disposed concentrically with the first and second respective through-holes, the first screw lock having a plurality of locking/unlocking screw threads for engaging the first screw threads of the first handle, the second screw lock having a plurality of locking/unlocking screw threads for engaging the second screw threads of the second handle. A locking clutch drive, disposed concentrically with the first and second respective through-holes, engages the first screw lock and the second screw lock. The first handle and the second handle are selectively operable at their gripping end portions by a user using a single hand to activate the first and second screw locks to lock the locking clutch drive for either clockwise rotation about the common axis, or counter-clockwise rotation about the common axis, or to release the locking clutch drive so that the handles can be rotated together about the common axis either the clockwise or counter-clockwise direction without rotation of the locking clutch drive.

49 CFR 236.306 - Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. 236... Interlocking Standards § 236.306 Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement shall be provided for mechanically operated switch, movable-point frog, or split-point...

49 CFR 236.306 - Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. 236... Interlocking Standards § 236.306 Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement shall be provided for mechanically operated switch, movable-point frog, or split-point...

49 CFR 236.306 - Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. 236... Interlocking Standards § 236.306 Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement shall be provided for mechanically operated switch, movable-point frog, or split-point...

49 CFR 236.306 - Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. 236... Interlocking Standards § 236.306 Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement shall be provided for mechanically operated switch, movable-point frog, or split-point...

49 CFR 236.306 - Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. 236... Interlocking Standards § 236.306 Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement. Facing point lock or switch-and-lock movement shall be provided for mechanically operated switch, movable-point frog, or split-point...

A fast-locking PLL with all-digital locked-aid circuit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kao, Shao-Ku; Hsieh, Fu-Jen

2013-02-01

In this article, a fast-locking phase-locked loop (PLL) with an all-digital locked-aid circuit is proposed and analysed. The proposed topology is based on two tuning loops: frequency and phase detections. A frequency detection loop is used to accelerate frequency locking time, and a phase detection loop is used to adjust fine phase errors between the reference and feedback clocks. The proposed PLL circuit is designed based on the 0.35 µm CMOS process with a 3.3 V supply voltage. Experimental results show that the locking time of the proposed PLL achieves a 87.5% reduction from that of a PLL without the locked-aid circuit.

4. LOOKING NORTHEAST TOWARDS LOCKS. 19TH CENTURY GRAVITY LOCKS ON ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. LOOKING NORTHEAST TOWARDS LOCKS. 19TH CENTURY GRAVITY LOCKS ON RIGHT. 20TH CENTURY ELECTRIC LIFT LOCKS ON LEFT. - New York State Barge Canal, Lockport Locks, Richmond Avenue, Lockport, Niagara County, NY

32 CFR 270.3 - Effective date.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Effective date. 270.3 Section 270.3 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM General § 270.3...

32 CFR 270.3 - Effective date.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Effective date. 270.3 Section 270.3 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM General § 270.3...

32 CFR 270.10 - Time limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Time limitations. 270.10 Section 270.10 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Payment § 270.10...

32 CFR 270.3 - Effective date.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Effective date. 270.3 Section 270.3 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM General § 270.3...

32 CFR 270.3 - Effective date.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Effective date. 270.3 Section 270.3 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM General § 270.3...

32 CFR 270.3 - Effective date.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Effective date. 270.3 Section 270.3 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM General § 270.3...

High-pulse energy-stabilized passively mode-locked external cavity inverse bow-tie 980nm laser diode for space applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krakowski, M.; Resneau, P.; Garcia, M.; Vinet, E.; Robert, Y.; Lecomte, M.; Parillaud, O.; Gerard, B.; Kundermann, S.; Torcheboeuf, N.; Boiko, D. L.

2018-02-01

We report on multi-section inverse bow-tie laser producing mode-locked pulses of 90 pJ energy and 6.5 ps width (895 fs after compression) at 1.3 GHz pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and consuming 2.9 W of electric power. The laser operates in an 80 mm long external cavity. By translation of the output coupling mirror, the PRF was continuously tuned over 37 MHz range without additional adjustments. Active stabilization with a phase lock loop actuating on the driving current has allowed us to reach the PRF relative stability at a 2·10-10 level on 10 s intervals, as required by the European Space Agency (ESA) for inter-satellite long distance measurements.

50 CFR 270.7 - Results of referendum.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Results of referendum. 270.7 Section 270.7..., DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FISH AND SEAFOOD PROMOTION SPECIES-SPECIFIC SEAFOOD MARKETING COUNCILS § 270.7 Results... according to § 270.5(c). (c) Notification of referendum results. NMFS will notify the applicants of the...

50 CFR 270.7 - Results of referendum.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Results of referendum. 270.7 Section 270... § 270.7 Results of referendum. (a) Favorable vote to establish a Council. NMFS will, by order of... according to § 270.5(c). (c) Notification of referendum results. NMFS will notify the applicants of the...

50 CFR 270.7 - Results of referendum.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Results of referendum. 270.7 Section 270... § 270.7 Results of referendum. (a) Favorable vote to establish a Council. NMFS will, by order of... according to § 270.5(c). (c) Notification of referendum results. NMFS will notify the applicants of the...

50 CFR 270.7 - Results of referendum.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Results of referendum. 270.7 Section 270.7..., DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FISH AND SEAFOOD PROMOTION SPECIES-SPECIFIC SEAFOOD MARKETING COUNCILS § 270.7 Results... according to § 270.5(c). (c) Notification of referendum results. NMFS will notify the applicants of the...

50 CFR 270.7 - Results of referendum.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Results of referendum. 270.7 Section 270... § 270.7 Results of referendum. (a) Favorable vote to establish a Council. NMFS will, by order of... according to § 270.5(c). (c) Notification of referendum results. NMFS will notify the applicants of the...

48 CFR 3006.303-270 - Content.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2013-10-01 2012-10-01 true Content. 3006.303-270 Section 3006.303-270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, HOMELAND SECURITY ACQUISITION REGULATION (HSAR) ACQUISITION PLANNING COMPETITION REQUIREMENTS Other Than Full and Open Competition 3006.303-270 Content. (a)(9)(i...

48 CFR 3006.303-270 - Content.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Content. 3006.303-270 Section 3006.303-270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, HOMELAND SECURITY ACQUISITION REGULATION (HSAR) ACQUISITION PLANNING COMPETITION REQUIREMENTS Other Than Full and Open Competition 3006.303-270 Content. (a)(9)...

48 CFR 3006.303-270 - Content.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Content. 3006.303-270 Section 3006.303-270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, HOMELAND SECURITY ACQUISITION REGULATION (HSAR) ACQUISITION PLANNING COMPETITION REQUIREMENTS Other Than Full and Open Competition 3006.303-270 Content. (a)(9)...

Locking design affects the jamming of screws in locking plates.

PubMed

Sandriesser, Sabrina; Rupp, Markus; Greinwald, Markus; Heiss, Christian; Augat, Peter; Alt, Volker

2018-06-01

The seizing of locking screws is a frequently encountered clinical problem during implant removal of locking compression plates (LCP) after completion of fracture healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two different locking mechanisms on the seizing of locking screws. Specifically, the removal torques before and after cyclic dynamic loading were assessed for screws inserted at the manufacturer-recommended torque or at an increased insertion torque. The seizing of 3.5-mm angular stable screws was assessed as a function of insertion torque for two different locking mechanisms (Thread & Conus and Thread Only). Locking screws (n=10 for each configuration) were inserted either according to the manufacturer-recommended torque or at an increased torque of 150% to simulate an over-insertion of the screw. Half of the screws were removed directly after insertion and the remaining half was removed after a dynamic load protocol of 100,000 cycles. The removal torques of locking screws exceeded the insertion torques for all tested conditions confirming the adequacy of the test setup in mimicking screw seizing in locked plating. Screw seizing was more pronounced for Thread Only design (+37%) compared to Thread & Conus design (+14%; P<0.0001). Cyclic loading of the locking construct consistently resulted in an increased seizing of the locking screws (P<0.0001). Clinical observations from patients treated with the Thread & Conus locking design confirm the biomechanical findings of reduction in seizing effect by using a Thread & Conus design. In conclusion, both over-tightening and cyclic loading are potential causes for screw seizing in locking plate implants. Both effects were found to be less pronounced in the Thread & Conus design as compared to the traditional Thread Only design. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

42 CFR 440.330 - Benchmark health benefits coverage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Benchmark health benefits coverage. 440.330 Section 440.330 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.330 Benchmark health benefits coverage. Benchmark coverage is health...

A 12 GHz satellite video receiver: Low noise, low cost prototype model for TV reception from broadcast satellites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hreha, M. A.; Baprawski, J. G.; Chamaneria, C. N.; Ferry, S. J.; Keithly, G.; Kuklin, H. S.; Lockyear, W. H.; Schifter, L. H.; Swanberg, N. E.; Swift, G. W.

1978-01-01

A 12-channel synchronous phase lock video receiver consisting of an outdoor downconverter unit and an indoor demodulator unit was developed to provide both low noise performance and low cost in production quantities of 1000 units. The prototype receiver can be mass produced at a cost under $1540 without sacrificing system performance. The receiver also has the capability of selecting any of the twelve assigned satellite broadcast channels in the frequency range 11.7 to 12.2 GHz.

33 CFR 157.440 - Autopilot alarm or indicator.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Autopilot alarm or indicator. 157.440 Section 157.440 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY... § 157.440 Autopilot alarm or indicator. (a) A tankship owner or operator shall ensure that each...

33 CFR 157.440 - Autopilot alarm or indicator.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Autopilot alarm or indicator. 157.440 Section 157.440 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY... § 157.440 Autopilot alarm or indicator. (a) A tankship owner or operator shall ensure that each...

46 CFR 178.440 - Drainage of open boats.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Drainage of open boats. 178.440 Section 178.440 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INTACT STABILITY AND SEAWORTHINESS Drainage of Weather Decks § 178.440 Drainage of open boats. The deck...

46 CFR 178.440 - Drainage of open boats.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Drainage of open boats. 178.440 Section 178.440 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INTACT STABILITY AND SEAWORTHINESS Drainage of Weather Decks § 178.440 Drainage of open boats. The deck...

46 CFR 178.440 - Drainage of open boats.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Drainage of open boats. 178.440 Section 178.440 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INTACT STABILITY AND SEAWORTHINESS Drainage of Weather Decks § 178.440 Drainage of open boats. The deck...

46 CFR 178.440 - Drainage of open boats.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Drainage of open boats. 178.440 Section 178.440 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INTACT STABILITY AND SEAWORTHINESS Drainage of Weather Decks § 178.440 Drainage of open boats. The deck...

46 CFR 178.440 - Drainage of open boats.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Drainage of open boats. 178.440 Section 178.440 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INTACT STABILITY AND SEAWORTHINESS Drainage of Weather Decks § 178.440 Drainage of open boats. The deck...

Electronic sideband locking of a broadly tunable 318.6 nm ultraviolet laser to an ultra-stable optical cavity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bai, Jiandong; Wang, Jieying; He, Jun; Wang, Junmin

2017-04-01

We demonstrate frequency stabilization of a tunable 318.6 nm ultraviolet (UV) laser system using electronic sideband locking. By indirectly changing the frequency of a broadband electro-optic phase modulator, the laser can be continuously tuned over 4 GHz, while a 637.2 nm laser is directly stabilized to a high-finesse ultra-stable optical cavity. The doubling cavity also remains locked to the 637.2 nm light. We show that the tuning range depends mainly on the gain-flattening region of the modulator and the piezo-tunable range of the seed laser. The frequency-stabilized tunable UV laser system is able to compensate for the offset between reference and target frequencies, and has potential applications in precision spectroscopy of cold atoms.

9 CFR 590.440 - Processing ova.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....440 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION INSPECTION OF EGGS AND EGG PRODUCTS (EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION ACT) Entry of Material into Official Egg Products Plants § 590.440 Processing ova. (a) Ova from slaughtered poultry may be...

46 CFR 127.440 - Operability of window coverings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Operability of window coverings. 127.440 Section 127.440... ARRANGEMENTS Construction of Windows, Visibility, and Operability of Coverings § 127.440 Operability of window coverings. Any covering or protection placed over a window or porthole that could be used as a means of...

21 CFR 556.270 - Ethylenediamine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Ethylenediamine. 556.270 Section 556.270 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) ANIMAL DRUGS... ethylenediamine in milk. ...

A widely tunable 10-μm quantum cascade laser phase-locked to a state-of-the-art mid-infrared reference for precision molecular spectroscopy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sow, P. L. T.; Mejri, S.; Tokunaga, S. K.

2014-06-30

We report the coherent phase-locking of a quantum cascade laser (QCL) at 10-μm to the secondary frequency standard of this spectral region, a CO{sub 2} laser stabilized on a saturated absorption line of OsO{sub 4}. The stability and accuracy of the standard are transferred to the QCL resulting in a line width of the order of 10 Hz, and leading to the narrowest QCL to date. The locked QCL is then used to perform absorption spectroscopy spanning 6 GHz of NH{sub 3} and methyltrioxorhenium, two species of interest for applications in precision measurements.

An Interferometric 270--355 GHz Spectral Line Survey of the Red Supergiant VY CMa

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Menten, K. M.; Young, K. H.; Patel, N. A.; Gottlieb, C. A.; Thaddeus, P.; McCarthy, M. C.; Gurwell, M. A.; Belloche, A.; Kaminski, T.; Verheyen, L.; Decin, L.; Brunken, S.; Holger, S. P. M.

2011-05-01

We have used the Submillimeter Array to image the molecular line emission in the circumstellar envelope of the peculiar red supergiant star VY Canis Majoris over the whole 870 μm atmospheric window. Employing adaptive calibration using the object's continuum emission we achieve high quality one arcsecond resolution imaging of the whole 280--355 GHz range within which we find 211 distinct spectral lines from 33 molecules (including isotopologues) plus 40 unidentified lines. From the distribution of molecules we are obtaining their abundances and isotopologic abundance ratios. Using data for multiple transitions in a number of molecules we are deriving the physical conditions in the circumstellar envelope to reach a picture of the star's chemistry that can be compared with models. Our legacy survey is accompanied by a strong laboratory effort that helps with the identification of possibly newly found molecules traced by unidentified lines. We shall create a publicly accessible database of spectral-line channel-maps of the emission from all the lines detected in the survey.

Instantaneous lineshape analysis of Fourier domain mode-locked lasers.

PubMed

Todor, Sebastian; Biedermann, Benjamin; Wieser, Wolfgang; Huber, Robert; Jirauschek, Christian

2011-04-25

We present a theoretical and experimental analysis of the instantaneous lineshape of Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) lasers, yielding good agreement. The simulations are performed employing a recently introduced model for FDML operation. Linewidths around 10 GHz are found, which is significantly below the sweep filter bandwidth. The effect of detuning between the sweep filter drive frequency and cavity roundtrip time is studied revealing features that cannot be resolved in the experiment, and shifting of the instantaneous power spectrum against the sweep filter center frequency is analyzed. We show that, in contrast to most other semiconductor based lasers, the instantaneous linewidth is governed neither by external noise sources nor by amplified spontaneous emission, but it is directly determined by the complex FDML dynamics.

Integration of FTTH and GI-POF in-house networks based on injection locking and direct-detection techniques.

PubMed

Peng, Hsiao-Chun; Lu, Hai-Han; Li, Chung-Yi; Su, Heng-Sheng; Hsu, Chin-Tai

2011-03-28

An integration of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and graded-index plastic optical fiber (GI-POF) in-house networks based on injection-locked vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) and direct-detection technique is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Sufficient low bit error rate (BER) values were obtained over a combination of 20-km single-mode fiber (SMF) and 50-m GI-POF links. Signal qualities satisfy the worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) requirement with data signals of 20 Mbps/5.8 GHz and 70 Mbps/10 GHz, respectively. Since our proposed network does not use sophisticated and expensive RF devices in premises, it reveals a prominent one with simpler and more economic advantages. Our proposed architecture is suitable for the SMF-based primary and GI-POF-based in-house networks.

Switching between the mode-locking and Q-switching modes in two-section QW lasers upon a change in the absorber properties due to the Stark effect

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gadzhiyev, I. M., E-mail: idris.intop@mail.ru; Buyalo, M. S.; Gubenko, A. E.

2016-06-15

The passive Q-switching and mode-locking modes are implemented in two-section lasers with three quantum wells. It is demonstrated that raising the reverse bias on the absorbing section changes its spectral and dynamic properties and, accordingly, leads to a change from the Q-switching mode to mode-locking. The pulse-repetition frequency in the mode-locking mode is 75 GHz, with the product of the pulse duration by the spectrum bandwidth being 0.49, which is close to the theoretical limit. It is shown that, in structures with three quantum wells, strong absorption at the lasing wavelength gives rise to a photocurrent across a section ofmore » the saturable absorber, which is sufficient for compensation of the applied bias.« less

10 CFR 440.18 - Allowable expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... part for labor, weatherization materials, and related matters for a renewable energy system, shall not... beginning in calendar year 2010 and the $3,000 average for renewable energy systems will be adjusted... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Allowable expenditures. 440.18 Section 440.18 Energy...

10 CFR 440.18 - Allowable expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... part for labor, weatherization materials, and related matters for a renewable energy system, shall not... beginning in calendar year 2010 and the $3,000 average for renewable energy systems will be adjusted... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Allowable expenditures. 440.18 Section 440.18 Energy...

38 CFR 4.40 - Functional loss.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Functional loss. 4.40... DISABILITIES Disability Ratings The Musculoskeletal System § 4.40 Functional loss. Disability of the... damage, and the functional loss, with respect to all these elements. The functional loss may be due to...

West Branch Pennsylvania Canal, Lock No. 34 Lock Keeper's House, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

West Branch Pennsylvania Canal, Lock No. 34 Lock Keeper's House, South of State Route 664 along North bank of West Branch of Susquehanna River, 2,000 feet East of Jay Street Bridge, Lock Haven, Clinton County, PA

A measurement of the cosmic microwave background temperature at 7.5 GHz

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Levin, S.; Bensadoun, M.; Bersanelli, M.; De Amici, G.; Kogut, A.; Limon, M.; Smoot, G.

1992-01-01

The temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation at a frequency of 7.5 GHz (4 cm wavelength) is measured, obtaining a brightness temperature of T(CMB) = 2.70 +/- 0.08 K (68 percent confidence level). The measurement was made from a site near the geographical South Pole during the austral spring of 1989 and was part of an international collaboration to measure the CMB spectrum at low frequencies with a variety of radiometers from several different sites. This recent result is in agreement with the 1988 measurement at the same frequency, which was made from a different site with significantly different systematic errors. The combined result of the 1988 and 1989 measurements is 2.64 +/- 0.06 K.

10 CFR 440.12 - State application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...; (2) Approve the application in whole or in part subject to special conditions designed to ensure... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false State application. 440.12 Section 440.12 Energy DEPARTMENT... application. (a) To be eligible for financial assistance under this part, a State shall submit an application...

9 CFR 590.440 - Processing ova.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Processing ova. 590.440 Section 590... into Official Egg Products Plants § 590.440 Processing ova. (a) Ova from slaughtered poultry may be brought into the official plant for processing: Provided, That the ova is from wholesome poultry inspected...

9 CFR 590.440 - Processing ova.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Processing ova. 590.440 Section 590... into Official Egg Products Plants § 590.440 Processing ova. (a) Ova from slaughtered poultry may be brought into the official plant for processing: Provided, That the ova is from wholesome poultry inspected...

9 CFR 590.440 - Processing ova.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Processing ova. 590.440 Section 590... into Official Egg Products Plants § 590.440 Processing ova. (a) Ova from slaughtered poultry may be brought into the official plant for processing: Provided, That the ova is from wholesome poultry inspected...

9 CFR 590.440 - Processing ova.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Processing ova. 590.440 Section 590... into Official Egg Products Plants § 590.440 Processing ova. (a) Ova from slaughtered poultry may be brought into the official plant for processing: Provided, That the ova is from wholesome poultry inspected...

48 CFR 3002.270 - Abbreviations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Abbreviations. 3002.270 Section 3002.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, HOMELAND SECURITY.... CBCACivilian Board of Contract Appeals CFOChief Financial Officer CIOChief Information Officer COCOChief of the...

18 CFR 270.506 - Confidentiality.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Confidentiality. 270.506 Section 270.506 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PROCEDURES GOVERNING DETERMINATIONS FOR TAX CREDIT PURPOSES DETERMINATION PROCEDURES...

48 CFR 1615.270 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Section 1615.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT FEDERAL EMPLOYEES HEALTH BENEFITS ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Solicitations and Receipt of Proposals and Information 1615.270 Applicability. FAR subpart 15.2 has no practical...

48 CFR 1615.270 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Section 1615.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT FEDERAL EMPLOYEES HEALTH BENEFITS ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Solicitations and Receipt of Proposals and Information 1615.270 Applicability. FAR subpart 15.2 has no practical...

48 CFR 1615.270 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Section 1615.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT FEDERAL EMPLOYEES HEALTH BENEFITS ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Solicitations and Receipt of Proposals and Information 1615.270 Applicability. FAR subpart 15.2 has no practical...

48 CFR 1615.270 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Section 1615.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT FEDERAL EMPLOYEES HEALTH BENEFITS ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Solicitations and Receipt of Proposals and Information 1615.270 Applicability. FAR subpart 15.2 has no practical...

48 CFR 1615.270 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Section 1615.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT FEDERAL EMPLOYEES HEALTH BENEFITS ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Solicitations and Receipt of Proposals and Information 1615.270 Applicability. FAR subpart 15.2 has no practical...

Microwave soft x-ray microscopy for nanoscale magnetization dynamics in the 5–10 GHz frequency range

DOE PAGES

Bonetti, Stefano; Kukreja, Roopali; Chen, Zhao; ...

2015-09-10

In this study, we present a scanning transmission x-ray microscopy setup combined with a novel microwave synchronization scheme in order to study high frequency magnetization dynamics at synchrotron light sources. The sensitivity necessary to detect small changes of the magnetization on short time scales and nanometer spatial dimensions is achieved by combination of the developed excitation mechanism with a single photon counting electronics that is locked to the synchrotron operation frequency. The required mechanical stability is achieved by a compact design of the microscope. Our instrument is capable of creating direct images of dynamical phenomena in the 5-10 GHz range,more » with 35 nm resolution. When used together with circularly polarized x-rays, the above capabilities can be combined to study magnetic phenomena at microwave frequencies, such as ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and spin waves. We demonstrate the capabilities of our technique by presenting phase resolved images of a –6 GHz nanoscale spin wave generated by a spin torque oscillator, as well as the uniform ferromagnetic precession with ~0.1° amplitude at –9 GHz in a micrometer-sized cobalt strip.« less

Ultrashort, high power, and ultralow noise mode-locked optical pulse generation using quantum-dot semiconductor lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Choi, Myoung-Taek

This dissertation explores various aspects and potential of optical pulse generation based on active, passive, and hybrid mode-locked quantum dot semiconductor lasers with target applications such as optical interconnect and high speed signal processing. Design guidelines are developed for the single mode operation with suppressed reflection from waveguide discontinuities. The device fabrication procedure is explained, followed by characteristics of FP laser, SOA, and monolithic two-section devices. Short pulse generation from an external cavity mode-locked QD two-section diode laser is studied. High quality, sub-picosecond (960 fs), high peak power (1.2 W) pulse trains are obtained. The sign and magnitude of pulse chirp were measured for the first time. The role of the self-phase modulation and the linewidth enhancement factor in QD mode-locked lasers is addressed. The noise performance of two-section mode-locked lasers and a SOA-based ring laser was investigated. Significant reduction of the timing jitter under hybrid mode-locked operation was achieved owing to more than one order of magnitude reduction of the linewidth in QD gain media. Ultralow phase noise performance (integrated timing jitter of a few fs at a 10 GHz repetition rate) was demonstrated from an actively mode-locked unidirectional ring laser. These results show that quantum dot mode-locked lasers are strong competitors to conventional semiconductor lasers in noise performance. Finally we demonstrated an opto-electronic oscillator (OEO) and coupled opto-electronic oscillators (COEO) which have the potential for both high purity microwave and low noise optical pulse generation. The phase noise of the COEO is measured by the photonic delay line frequency discriminator method. Based on this study we discuss the prospects of the COEO as a low noise optical pulse source.

Tunable radio-frequency photonic filter based on an actively mode-locked fiber laser.

PubMed

Ortigosa-Blanch, A; Mora, J; Capmany, J; Ortega, B; Pastor, D

2006-03-15

We propose the use of an actively mode-locked fiber laser as a multitap optical source for a microwave photonic filter. The fiber laser provides multiple optical taps with an optical frequency separation equal to the external driving radio-frequency signal of the laser that governs its repetition rate. All the optical taps show equal polarization and an overall Gaussian apodization, which reduces the sidelobes. We demonstrate continuous tunability of the filter by changing the external driving radio-frequency signal of the laser, which shows good fine tunability in the operating range of the laser from 5 to 10 GHz.

40 CFR 270.43 - Termination of permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Termination of permits. 270.43 Section 270.43 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) EPA ADMINISTERED PERMIT PROGRAMS: THE HAZARDOUS WASTE PERMIT PROGRAM Changes to Permit § 270.43...

40 CFR 270.43 - Termination of permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 27 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Termination of permits. 270.43 Section 270.43 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) EPA ADMINISTERED PERMIT PROGRAMS: THE HAZARDOUS WASTE PERMIT PROGRAM Changes to Permit § 270.43...

Interband optical pulse injection locking of quantum dot mode-locked semiconductor laser.

PubMed

Kim, Jimyung; Delfyett, Peter J

2008-07-21

We experimentally demonstrate optical clock recovery from quantum dot mode-locked semiconductor lasers by interband optical pulse injection locking. The passively mode-locked slave laser oscillating on the ground state or the first excited state transition is locked through the injection of optical pulses generated via the opposite transition bands, i.e. the first excited state or the ground state transition from the hybridly mode-locked master laser, respectively. When an optical pulse train generated via the first excited state from the master laser is injected to the slave laser oscillating via ground state, the slave laser shows an asymmetric locking bandwidth around the nominal repetition rate of the slave laser. In the reverse injection case of, i.e. the ground state (master laser) to the first excited state (slave laser), the slave laser does not lock even though both lasers oscillate at the same cavity frequency. In this case, the slave laser only locks to higher injection rates as compared to its own nominal repetition rate, and also shows a large locking bandwidth of 6.7 MHz.

42 CFR 440.335 - Benchmark-equivalent health benefits coverage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Benchmark-equivalent health benefits coverage. 440.335 Section 440.335 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND... and Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.335 Benchmark-equivalent health benefits coverage. (a...

42 CFR 440.335 - Benchmark-equivalent health benefits coverage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Benchmark-equivalent health benefits coverage. 440.335 Section 440.335 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND... and Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.335 Benchmark-equivalent health benefits coverage. (a...

18 CFR 270.202 - Definition of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Definition of determination. 270.202 Section 270.202 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY... PROCEDURES Determinations by Jurisdictional Agencies § 270.202 Definition of determination. For purposes of...

50 CFR 270.16 - Deposit of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Deposit of funds. 270.16 Section 270.16 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FISH AND SEAFOOD PROMOTION SPECIES-SPECIFIC SEAFOOD MARKETING COUNCILS § 270.16...

Coherently wavelength injection-locking a 600-μm long cavity colorless laser diode for 16-QAM OFDM at 12 Gbit/s over 25-km SMF.

PubMed

Li, Yi-Cheng; Chi, Yu-Chieh; Cheng, Min-Chi; Lu, I-Cheng; Chen, Jason; Lin, Gong-Ru

2013-07-15

The coherent injection-locking and directly modulation of a long-cavity colorless laser diode with 1% end-facet reflectance and weak-resonant longitudinal modes is employed as an universal optical transmitter to demonstrated for optical 16-QAM OFDM transmission at 12 Gbit/s over 25 km in a DWDM-PON system. The optimized bias current of 30 mA (~1.5Ith) with corresponding extinction ratio (ER) of 6 dB and the external injection power of -9 dBm is (are) required for such a wavelength-locked universal transmitter to carry the 16-QAM and 122-subcarrier formatted OFDM and data-stream. By increasing external injection-locking from -9 dBm to 0 dBm, the peak-to-peak chirp of the OFDM data stream reduces from 7.7 to 5.4 GHz. The side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of up to 50 dB is achieved with wider detuning range between -0.5 nm to 2.0 nm under an injection power of 0 dBm. By modulating such a colorless laser diode with an OFDM data stream of 122 subcarriers at a central carrier frequency of 1.5625 GHz and a total bandwidth of 3 GHz, the transmission data rate of up to 12 Gbit/s in standard single-mode fiber over 25 km is demonstrated to achieve an error vector magnitude (EVM) of 5.435%. Such a universal colorless DWDM-PON transmitter can deliver the optical OFDM data-stream at 12 Gbit/s QAM-OFDM data after 25-km transmission with a receiving power sensitivity of -7 dBm at BER of 3.6 × 10(-7) when pre-amplifying the OFDM data by 5 dB.

21 CFR 173.270 - Hexane.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Hexane. 173.270 Section 173.270 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) SECONDARY DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION Solvents, Lubricants, Release Agents and Related...

Locking mechanism

DOEpatents

Williams, Gary L.; Goin, Jr., Jesse L.; Kirby, Patrick G.; McKenna, John P.

1997-01-01

The invention is a motorized linkage for operating a door strike. A six volt power source, controlled by a security code, rotates a small electric motor when a proper security code is given. The motor rotates a shaft which engages a coil spring. This moves a locking cam. When a catch on the locking cam separates from the locking lever catch, the latch bolt keeper may be manipulated by a user.

50 CFR 270.23 - Dissolution of Councils.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Dissolution of Councils. 270.23 Section 270.23 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC... § 270.23 Dissolution of Councils. (a) Petition for termination. (1) A petition to terminate a Council...

50 CFR 270.23 - Dissolution of Councils.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Dissolution of Councils. 270.23 Section 270.23 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC... § 270.23 Dissolution of Councils. (a) Petition for termination. (1) A petition to terminate a Council...

50 CFR 270.23 - Dissolution of Councils.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Dissolution of Councils. 270.23 Section 270.23 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC... § 270.23 Dissolution of Councils. (a) Petition for termination. (1) A petition to terminate a Council...

50 CFR 270.23 - Dissolution of Councils.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Dissolution of Councils. 270.23 Section 270.23 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC... § 270.23 Dissolution of Councils. (a) Petition for termination. (1) A petition to terminate a Council...

48 CFR 942.270-2 - Contract clause.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Contract clause. 942.270-2 Section 942.270-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY CONTRACT MANAGEMENT CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION AND AUDIT SERVICES Contract Administration Services 942.270-2 Contract clause. The clause at 952...

50 CFR 270.5 - Conduct of referendum.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Conduct of referendum. 270.5 Section 270.5 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FISH AND SEAFOOD PROMOTION SPECIES-SPECIFIC SEAFOOD MARKETING COUNCILS § 270.5 Conduct...

50 CFR 270.4 - Review of application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Review of application. 270.4 Section 270.4 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FISH AND SEAFOOD PROMOTION SPECIES-SPECIFIC SEAFOOD MARKETING COUNCILS § 270.4 Review...

32 CFR 270.9 - Amount of payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Amount of payment. 270.9 Section 270.9 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Payment § 270.9...

32 CFR 270.9 - Amount of payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Amount of payment. 270.9 Section 270.9 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Payment § 270.9...

32 CFR 270.9 - Amount of payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Amount of payment. 270.9 Section 270.9 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Payment § 270.9...

32 CFR 270.9 - Amount of payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Amount of payment. 270.9 Section 270.9 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Payment § 270.9...

32 CFR 270.9 - Amount of payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Amount of payment. 270.9 Section 270.9 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS COMPENSATION OF CERTAIN FORMER OPERATIVES INCARCERATED BY THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Payment § 270.9...

High-speed clock recovery with phase-locked-loop-based on LiNbO3 modulators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Guanghao; Chen, Hongmin; Wang, Qiang; Dutta, Niloy K.

2003-08-01

In this paper, we present a scheme for recovering 10 GHz clock from 40 Gb/s and 80 Gb/s time division multiplexed (TDM) return to zero (RZ) data stream. The proposed clock recovery is successfully demonstrated using an electrical phase locked loop (PLL). The jitter of the recovered clock is estimated to be around 50 fs. The key part in the proposed clock recovery circuit is a LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder modulator which is shown to be highly effective in optical to electrical down conversion.

42 CFR 440.350 - Employer-sponsored insurance health plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Employer-sponsored insurance health plans. 440.350 Section 440.350 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.350 Employer-sponsored insurance health plans. (a) A State may provide...

42 CFR 440.350 - Employer-sponsored insurance health plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Employer-sponsored insurance health plans. 440.350 Section 440.350 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Benchmark-Equivalent Coverage § 440.350 Employer-sponsored insurance health plans. (a) A State may provide...

42 CFR 405.440 - Emergency and urgent care services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Emergency and urgent care services. 405.440 Section 405.440 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.440...

Complete pulse characterization of quantum dot mode-locked lasers suitable for optical communication up to 160 Gbit/s.

PubMed

Schmeckebier, H; Fiol, G; Meuer, C; Arsenijević, D; Bimberg, D

2010-02-15

A complete characterization of pulse shape and phase of a 1.3 microm, monolithic-two-section, quantum-dot mode-locked laser (QD-MLL) at a repetition rate of 40 GHz is presented, based on frequency resolved optical gating. We show that the pulse broadening of the QD-MLL is caused by linear chirp for all values of current and voltage investigated here. The chirp increases with the current at the gain section, whereas larger bias at the absorber section leads to less chirp and therefore to shorter pulses. Pulse broadening is observed at very high bias, likely due to the quantum confined stark effect. Passive- and hybrid-QD-MLL pulses are directly compared. Improved pulse intensity profiles are found for hybrid mode locking. Via linear chirp compensation pulse widths down to 700 fs can be achieved independent of current and bias, resulting in a significantly increased overall mode-locking range of 101 MHz. The suitability of QD-MLL chirp compensated pulse combs for optical communication up to 160 Gbit/s using optical-time-division multiplexing are demonstrated by eye diagrams and autocorrelation measurements.

31 CFR 270.4 - Fees for services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fees for services. 270.4 Section 270.4 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FISCAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SERVICE AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS § 270.4 Fees for services...

31 CFR 270.4 - Fees for services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Fees for services. 270.4 Section 270.4 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FISCAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SERVICE AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS § 270.4 Fees for services...

32 CFR 270.19 - Reports to Congress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Reports to Congress. 270.19 Section 270.19 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED... Reports to Congress § 270.19 Reports to Congress. Not later than September 23, 1998, the Commission will...

32 CFR 270.19 - Reports to Congress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Reports to Congress. 270.19 Section 270.19 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED... Reports to Congress § 270.19 Reports to Congress. Not later than September 23, 1998, the Commission will...

32 CFR 270.19 - Reports to Congress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Reports to Congress. 270.19 Section 270.19 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED... Reports to Congress § 270.19 Reports to Congress. Not later than September 23, 1998, the Commission will...

32 CFR 270.19 - Reports to Congress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Reports to Congress. 270.19 Section 270.19 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED... Reports to Congress § 270.19 Reports to Congress. Not later than September 23, 1998, the Commission will...

32 CFR 270.19 - Reports to Congress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Reports to Congress. 270.19 Section 270.19 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED... Reports to Congress § 270.19 Reports to Congress. Not later than September 23, 1998, the Commission will...

21 CFR 1271.270 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Records. 1271.270 Section 1271.270 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS UNDER CERTAIN OTHER ACTS ADMINISTERED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION HUMAN CELLS, TISSUES, AND CELLULAR AND...

21 CFR 1271.270 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Records. 1271.270 Section 1271.270 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS UNDER CERTAIN OTHER ACTS ADMINISTERED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION HUMAN CELLS, TISSUES, AND CELLULAR AND...

21 CFR 1271.270 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Records. 1271.270 Section 1271.270 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS UNDER CERTAIN OTHER ACTS ADMINISTERED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION HUMAN CELLS, TISSUES, AND CELLULAR AND...

32 CFR 270.5 - Staff.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Staff. 270.5 Section 270.5 National Defense... Staff. (a) The Commission will have a support staff, which will include staff members sufficient to expeditiously and efficiently process the applications for payments under this part. All members of the staff...

32 CFR 270.5 - Staff.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Staff. 270.5 Section 270.5 National Defense... Staff. (a) The Commission will have a support staff, which will include staff members sufficient to expeditiously and efficiently process the applications for payments under this part. All members of the staff...

32 CFR 270.5 - Staff.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Staff. 270.5 Section 270.5 National Defense... Staff. (a) The Commission will have a support staff, which will include staff members sufficient to expeditiously and efficiently process the applications for payments under this part. All members of the staff...

32 CFR 270.5 - Staff.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Staff. 270.5 Section 270.5 National Defense... Staff. (a) The Commission will have a support staff, which will include staff members sufficient to expeditiously and efficiently process the applications for payments under this part. All members of the staff...

32 CFR 270.5 - Staff.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Staff. 270.5 Section 270.5 National Defense... Staff. (a) The Commission will have a support staff, which will include staff members sufficient to expeditiously and efficiently process the applications for payments under this part. All members of the staff...

Department of Energy Order 440.2: Aviation

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-10-26

Archival copy of Department of Energy (DOE) Order 440.2 regulating aviation safety of : aircraft used by DOE. Superseded by DOE O 440.2A dated March 8, 2002. For latest : listing of DOE directives and orders, users should consult DOE Directives, Regu...

9 CFR 592.440 - Who shall perform the appeal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Who shall perform the appeal. 592.440 Section 592.440 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Appeals § 592.440 Who shall perform the...

Comparison between Saline Solution Containing Heparin versus Saline Solution in the Lock of Totally Implantable Catheters.

PubMed

Brito, Antonio Rafael de Oliveira; Nishinari, Kenji; Saad, Paulo Fernandes; Saad, Karen Ruggeri; Pereira, Monica Aparecida Tomé; Emídio, Suellen Cristina Dias; Yazbek, Guilherme; Bomfim, Guilherme Andre Zottele; Cavalcante, Rafael Noronha; Krutman, Mariana; Teivelis, Marcelo Passos; Pignataro, Bruno Soriano; Fonseca, Igor Yoshio Imagawa; Centofanti, Guilherme; Soares, Bruno Leonardo Freitas

2018-02-01

There are only 3 studies comparing the efficacy of 2 different types of lock used in totally implantable catheters regarding occlusion or reflux dysfunction. The present study contains the largest published casuistry (862 patients) and is the only one that analyzes 3 parameters: occlusion, reflux dysfunction, and flow dysfunction. This was a retrospective study of patients operated at a large oncology center and followed up in the outpatient clinic between 2007 and 2015. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the type of lock: the Hep group (heparine), whose lock was composed of saline solution 0.9% with heparin (100 IU/mL) and the SS group (saline solution), whose lock was composed of saline solution 0.9%. The Hep group was composed of 270 patients (31%) and the SS group of 592 patients (69%). Regarding occlusion, there were 8 cases in the Hep group (2.96%) and 8 in the SS group (1.35%; P = 0.11); in relation to reflux dysfunction, there were 8 cases in the Hep group (2.96%) and 8 in the SS group (1.35%; P = 0.11); in relation to flow dysfunction, there was 1 case in the Hep group (0.37%) and 4 cases in the SS group (0.68%; P = 1). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding occlusion, reflux dysfunction, and flow dysfunction. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

47 CFR 10.440 - Embedded reference prohibition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Embedded reference prohibition. 10.440 Section 10.440 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL WIRELESS EMERGENCY ALERTS Alert... address) to a resource on the Internet, or an embedded telephone number. This prohibition does not apply...

47 CFR 10.440 - Embedded reference prohibition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Embedded reference prohibition. 10.440 Section 10.440 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL WIRELESS EMERGENCY ALERTS Alert... address) to a resource on the Internet, or an embedded telephone number. This prohibition does not apply...

7 CFR 2.70 - Deputy Chief Economist.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Deputy Chief Economist. 2.70 Section 2.70 Agriculture... GENERAL OFFICERS OF THE DEPARTMENT Delegations of Authority by the Chief Economist § 2.70 Deputy Chief Economist. Pursuant to § 2.29, the following delegation of authority is made by the Chief Economist to the...

Millimeter wave absorption in the nonhuman primate eye at 35 GHz and 94 GHz.

PubMed

Chalfin, Steven; D'Andrea, John A; Comeau, Paul D; Belt, Michael E; Hatcher, Donald J

2002-07-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate anterior segment bioeffects of pulsed 35 GHz and 94 GHz microwave exposure in the nonhuman primate eye. Five juvenile rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) underwent baseline anterior segment ocular assessment consisting of slit lamp examination, corneal topography, specular microscopy, and pachymetry. These studies were repeated after exposure of one eye to pulsed 35 GHz or 94 GHz microwaves at varied fluences, with the other eye serving as a control. The mean fluence required to produce a threshold corneal lesion (faint epithelial edema and fluorescein staining) was 7.5 J cm(-2) at 35 GHz and 5 J cm(-2) at 94 GHz. Transient changes in corneal topography and pachymetry were noted at these fluences. Endothelial cell counts remained unchanged. Threshold corneal injury from 35 GHz and 94 GHz microwave exposure is produced at fluences below those previously reported for CO2 laser radiation. These data may help elucidate the mechanism of thermal injury to the cornea, and resolve discrepancies between IEEE C95.1 (1999), NCRP (1986), and ICNIRP (1998) safety standards for exposure to non-ionizing radiation at millimeter wavelengths.

Experimental study of non-stationary operation of a dual-wavelength passively mode-locked fibre ring laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ibarra Villalón, H. E.; Pottiez, O.; Bracamontes Rodriguez, Y. E.; Lauterio-Cruz, J. P.; Gomez Vieyra, A.

2018-06-01

In this paper, we report an experimental study of different dynamics taking place in a 20 m long passively mode-locked fibre ring laser in dual-wavelength operation, at 1531 nm and 1558 nm. For different polarization adjustments, self-starting mode locking is obtained, yielding different types of emission: bunches of solitons in quasi-stationary regime, a compact bunch of solitons coexisting with loose bunches of solitons, a noise-like pulse coexisting with bunches of solitons and a noise-like pulse displaying quasi-periodic fluctuations. In each regime, we extract information on the pulse dynamics from measurements of the temporal profile evolution using a 16 GHz real-time oscilloscope and, at the same time, we propose a phase-space diagram representation of the intensity versus the energy of the temporal profile of the pulses; the latter allows evidencing patterns that could not be identified using conventional measurement techniques.

48 CFR 753.270 - Prescription of USAID forms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... to the form is addressed. ... forms. 753.270 Section 753.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CLAUSES AND FORMS FORMS Prescription of Forms 753.270 Prescription of USAID forms. The...

42 CFR 440.240 - Comparability of services for groups.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Comparability of services for groups. 440.240... Applicable to All Services § 440.240 Comparability of services for groups. Except as limited in § 440.250— (a... groups are equal in amount, duration, and scope for all beneficiaries within the group: (1) The...

42 CFR 440.240 - Comparability of services for groups.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Comparability of services for groups. 440.240... Applicable to All Services § 440.240 Comparability of services for groups. Except as limited in § 440.250— (a... groups are equal in amount, duration, and scope for all beneficiaries within the group: (1) The...

Automatic NMR field-frequency lock-pulsed phase locked loop approach.

PubMed

Kan, S; Gonord, P; Fan, M; Sauzade, M; Courtieu, J

1978-06-01

A self-contained deuterium frequency-field lock scheme for a high-resolution NMR spectrometer is described. It is based on phase locked loop techniques in which the free induction decay signal behaves as a voltage-controlled oscillator. By pulsing the spins at an offset frequency of a few hundred hertz and using a digital phase-frequency discriminator this method not only eliminates the usual phase, rf power, offset adjustments needed in conventional lock systems but also possesses the automatic pull-in characteristics that dispense with the use of field sweeps to locate the NMR line prior to closure of the lock loop.

A 12.5 GHz-spaced optical frequency comb spanning >400 nm for near-infrared astronomical spectrograph calibration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Quinlan, F.; Diddams, S. A.; Ycas, G.

2010-06-15

A 12.5 GHz-spaced optical frequency comb locked to a global positioning system disciplined oscillator for near-infrared (IR) spectrograph calibration is presented. The comb is generated via filtering a 250 MHz-spaced comb. Subsequent nonlinear broadening of the 12.5 GHz comb extends the wavelength range to cover 1380-1820 nm, providing complete coverage over the H-band transmission window of earth's atmosphere. Finite suppression of spurious sidemodes, optical linewidth, and instability of the comb has been examined to estimate potential wavelength biases in spectrograph calibration. Sidemode suppression varies between 20 and 45 dB, and the optical linewidth is {approx}350 kHz at 1550 nm. Themore » comb frequency uncertainty is bounded by {+-}30 kHz (corresponding to a radial velocity of {+-}5 cm/s), limited by the global positioning system disciplined oscillator reference. These results indicate that this comb can readily support radial velocity measurements below 1 m/s in the near IR.« less

9 CFR 592.440 - Who shall perform the appeal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Who shall perform the appeal. 592.440 Section 592.440 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Appeals § 592.440 Who shall perform the appeal. (a) An appeal inspection or review...

9 CFR 592.440 - Who shall perform the appeal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Who shall perform the appeal. 592.440 Section 592.440 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Appeals § 592.440 Who shall perform the appeal. (a) An appeal inspection or review...

9 CFR 592.440 - Who shall perform the appeal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Who shall perform the appeal. 592.440 Section 592.440 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Appeals § 592.440 Who shall perform the appeal. (a) An appeal inspection or review...

9 CFR 592.440 - Who shall perform the appeal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Who shall perform the appeal. 592.440 Section 592.440 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Appeals § 592.440 Who shall perform the appeal. (a) An appeal inspection or review...

8 CFR 270.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Definitions. 270.1 Section 270.1 Aliens and... Definitions. For the purpose of this part— Document means an instrument on which is recorded, by means of letters, figures, or marks, matters which may be used to fulfill any requirement of the Act. The term...

8 CFR 270.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Definitions. 270.1 Section 270.1 Aliens and... Definitions. For the purpose of this part— Document means an instrument on which is recorded, by means of letters, figures, or marks, matters which may be used to fulfill any requirement of the Act. The term...

8 CFR 270.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Definitions. 270.1 Section 270.1 Aliens and... Definitions. For the purpose of this part— Document means an instrument on which is recorded, by means of letters, figures, or marks, matters which may be used to fulfill any requirement of the Act. The term...

12 CFR 604.440 - Requests for information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Requests for information. 604.440 Section 604.440 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION... electronic recording of a closed meeting, or closed portion of a meeting, to the extent not exempt from...

12 CFR 604.440 - Requests for information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Requests for information. 604.440 Section 604.440 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION... electronic recording of a closed meeting, or closed portion of a meeting, to the extent not exempt from...

42 CFR 440.130 - Diagnostic, screening, preventive, and rehabilitative services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Diagnostic, screening, preventive, and rehabilitative services. 440.130 Section 440.130 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES... Definitions § 440.130 Diagnostic, screening, preventive, and rehabilitative services. (a) “Diagnostic services...

Distal tibia fractures: locked or non-locked plating? A systematic review of outcomes.

PubMed

Khalsa, Amrit S; Toossi, Nader; Tabb, Loni P; Amin, Nirav H; Donohue, Kenneth W; Cerynik, Douglas L

2014-06-01

Although plating is considered to be the treatment of choice in distal tibia fractures, controversies abound regarding the type of plating for optimal fixation. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate and compare the outcomes of locked plating and non-locked plating in treatment of distal tibia fractures. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed to identify articles on the outcomes of plating in distal tibia fractures that were published up to June 2012. We included English language articles involving a minimum of 10 adult cases with acute fractures treated using single-plate, minimally invasive techniques. Study-level binomial regression on the pooled data was conducted to determine the effect of locking status on different outcomes, adjusted for age, sex, and other independent variables. 27 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis of 764 cases (499 locking, 265 non-locking). Based on descriptive analysis only, delayed union was reported in 6% of cases with locked plating and in 4% of cases with non-locked plating. Non-union was reported in 2% of cases with locked plating and 3% of cases with non-locked plating. Comparing locked and non-locked plating, the odds ratio (OR) for reoperation was 0.13 (95% CI: 0.03-0.57) and for malalignment it was 0.10 (95% CI: 0.02-0.42). Both values were statistically significant. This study showed that locked plating reduces the odds of reoperation and malalignment after treatment for acute distal tibia fracture. Future studies should accurately assess causality and the clinical and economic impact of these findings.

Auto-locking waveguide amplifier system for lidar and magnetometric applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pouliot, A.; Beica, H. C.; Carew, A.; Vorozcovs, A.; Carlse, G.; Kumarakrishnan, A.

2018-02-01

We describe a compact waveguide amplifier system that is suitable for optically pumping rubidium magnetometers. The system consists of an auto-locking vacuum-sealed external cavity diode laser, a semiconductor tapered amplifier and a pulsing unit based on an acousto-optic modulator. The diode laser utilises optical feedback from an interference filter to narrow the linewidth of an inexpensive laser diode to 500 kHz. This output is scannable over an 8 GHz range (at 780 nm) and can be locked without human intervention to any spectral marker in an expandable library of reference spectra, using the autolocking controller. The tapered amplifier amplifies the output from 50 mW up to 2 W with negligible distortions in the spectral quality. The system can operate at visible and near infrared wavelengths with MHz repetition rates. We demonstrate optical pumping of rubidium vapour with this system for magnetometric applications. The magnetometer detects the differential absorption of two orthogonally polarized components of a linearly polarized probe laser following optical pumping by a circularly polarized pump laser. The differential absorption signal is studied for a range of pulse lengths, pulse amplitudes and DC magnetic fields. Our results suggest that this laser system is suitable for optically pumping spin-exchange free magnetometers.

14 CFR 440.15 - Demonstration of compliance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Demonstration of compliance. 440.15 Section... Permitted Activities § 440.15 Demonstration of compliance. (a) A licensee or permittee must submit to the... submitted at least 30 days in advance of its expiration date. (b) Upon a complete demonstration of...

14 CFR 440.15 - Demonstration of compliance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Demonstration of compliance. 440.15 Section... Permitted Activities § 440.15 Demonstration of compliance. (a) A licensee or permittee must submit to the... submitted at least 30 days in advance of its expiration date. (b) Upon a complete demonstration of...

21 CFR 510.440 - Injectable iron preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... § 510.440 Injectable iron preparations. There has been an increasing interest in the use of injectable iron compounds for the prevention or treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in animals. Although some such... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Injectable iron preparations. 510.440 Section 510...

21 CFR 510.440 - Injectable iron preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... § 510.440 Injectable iron preparations. There has been an increasing interest in the use of injectable iron compounds for the prevention or treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in animals. Although some such... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Injectable iron preparations. 510.440 Section 510...

21 CFR 510.440 - Injectable iron preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... § 510.440 Injectable iron preparations. There has been an increasing interest in the use of injectable iron compounds for the prevention or treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in animals. Although some such... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Injectable iron preparations. 510.440 Section 510...

21 CFR 510.440 - Injectable iron preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... § 510.440 Injectable iron preparations. There has been an increasing interest in the use of injectable iron compounds for the prevention or treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in animals. Although some such... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Injectable iron preparations. 510.440 Section 510...

48 CFR 642.270 - Contracting Officer's Representative (COR).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Contracting Officer's Representative (COR). 642.270 Section 642.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF STATE CONTRACT MANAGEMENT CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION AND AUDIT SERVICES Contract Administration Services 642.270 Contracting...

Locke and botany.

PubMed

Anstey, Peter R; Harris, Stephen A

2006-06-01

This paper argues that the English philosopher John Locke, who has normally been thought to have had only an amateurish interest in botany, was far more involved in the botanical science of his day than has previously been known. Through the presentation of new evidence deriving from Locke's own herbarium, his manuscript notes, journal and correspondence, it is established that Locke made a modest contribution to early modern botany. It is shown that Locke had close and ongoing relations with the Bobarts, keepers of the Oxford Botanic Garden, and that Locke distributed seeds and plant parts to other botanists, seeds of which the progeny almost certainly ended up in the most important herbaria of the period. Furthermore, it is claimed that the depth of Locke's interest in and practice of botany has a direct bearing on our understanding of his views on the correct method of natural philosophy and on the interpretation of his well known discussion of the nature of species in Book III of his Essay concerning human understanding.

Phase noise reduction by optical phase-locked loop for a coherent bichromatic laser based on the injection-locking technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, C. F.; Yan, X. S.; Huang, J. Q.; Zhang, J. W.; Wang, L. J.

2018-01-01

We present a coherent bichromatic laser system with low phase noise. An optical injection process is used to generate coherent laser beams with a frequency difference of 9.192 631 77 GHz using an electro-optical modulator. An optical phase-locked loop is then applied to reduce the phase noise. The phase noise of the beat note is -41, -81, -98, -83, and -95 dBrad2/Hz at the offset frequencies of 1 Hz, 100 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz, and 1 MHz, respectively. Compared to a system that uses optical injection alone, the phase noise is reduced by up to 20-30 dB in the low-frequency range, and the intermodulation effect on the continuous atomic clock is reduced by an order of magnitude. This configuration can adjust the intensities and polarizations of the laser beams independently and reduce the phase noise caused by environmental disturbances and optical injection, which may be useful for application to atomic coherence experiments.

Phase noise reduction by optical phase-locked loop for a coherent bichromatic laser based on the injection-locking technique.

PubMed

Wu, C F; Yan, X S; Huang, J Q; Zhang, J W; Wang, L J

2018-01-01

We present a coherent bichromatic laser system with low phase noise. An optical injection process is used to generate coherent laser beams with a frequency difference of 9.192 631 77 GHz using an electro-optical modulator. An optical phase-locked loop is then applied to reduce the phase noise. The phase noise of the beat note is -41, -81, -98, -83, and -95 dBrad 2 /Hz at the offset frequencies of 1 Hz, 100 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz, and 1 MHz, respectively. Compared to a system that uses optical injection alone, the phase noise is reduced by up to 20-30 dB in the low-frequency range, and the intermodulation effect on the continuous atomic clock is reduced by an order of magnitude. This configuration can adjust the intensities and polarizations of the laser beams independently and reduce the phase noise caused by environmental disturbances and optical injection, which may be useful for application to atomic coherence experiments.

Electronic locking system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nieuwkoop, E.

An electronic locking system was developed to remove the disadvantages of conventional mechanical door locks. The electrolock has to replace existing locks. Therefore, the techniques of Surface Mount Technology and Application Specific Integrated Circuit were applied to overcome the space limitations. The key consists of a metal rod with grip equipped with a contactless chip. When the key is inserted in the lock, a magnetic field is generated in the cylinder which induces a voltage in the chip. Therefore a battery is not required. The chip then emits inductively a code which is unique for each key. The electrolock was successfully tested.

Dual-comb self-mode-locked monolithic Yb:KGW laser with orthogonal polarizations.

PubMed

Chang, M T; Liang, H C; Su, K W; Chen, Y F

2015-04-20

The dependence of lasing threshold on the output transmission is numerically analyzed to find the condition for the gain-to-loss balance for the orthogonal Np and Nm polarizations with a Ng-cut Yb:KGW laser crystal. With the numerical analysis, an orthogonally polarized dual-comb self-mode-locked operation is experimentally achieved with a coated Yb:KGW crystal to form a monolithic cavity. At a pump power of 5.2 W, the average output power, the pulse repetition rate, and the pulse duration are measured to be 0.24 (0.6) W, 25.8 (25.3) GHz, and 1.06 (1.12) ps for the output along the Np (Nm) polarization.

48 CFR 514.270-2 - Guidelines for use.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Guidelines for use. 514.270-2 Section 514.270-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES SEALED BIDDING Solicitation of Bids 514.270-2 Guidelines for use. (a...

20 CFR 404.270 - Cost-of-living increases.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Cost-of-living increases. 404.270 Section 404.270 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Computing Primary Insurance Amounts Cost-Of-Living Increases § 404.270 Cost-of-living...

18 CFR 270.301 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false General requirements. 270.301 Section 270.301 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PROCEDURES GOVERNING DETERMINATIONS FOR TAX CREDIT PURPOSES DETERMINATION PROCEDURES...

48 CFR 537.270 - Contract clause.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Contract clause. 537.270 Section 537.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL CATEGORIES... the clause at 552.237-73, Restriction on Disclosure of Information, in solicitations and contracts for...

48 CFR 537.270 - Contract clause.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Contract clause. 537.270 Section 537.270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL CATEGORIES... the clause at 552.237-73, Restriction on Disclosure of Information, in solicitations and contracts for...

10 CFR 440.20 - Low-cost/no-cost weatherization activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Low-cost/no-cost weatherization activities. 440.20 Section 440.20 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS § 440.20 Low-cost/no-cost weatherization activities. (a) An eligible dwelling unit may be...

Cavity-locked ring down spectroscopy

DOEpatents

Zare, Richard N.; Paldus, Barbara A.; Harb, Charles C.; Spence, Thomas

2000-01-01

Distinct locking and sampling light beams are used in a cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) system to perform multiple ring-down measurements while the laser and ring-down cavity are continuously locked. The sampling and locking light beams have different frequencies, to ensure that the sampling and locking light are decoupled within the cavity. Preferably, the ring-down cavity is ring-shaped, the sampling light is s-polarized, and the locking light is p-polarized. Transmitted sampling light is used for ring-down measurements, while reflected locking light is used for locking in a Pound-Drever scheme.

1.2-ps mode-locked semiconductor optical amplifier fiber laser pulses generated by 60-ps backward dark-optical comb injection and soliton compression.

PubMed

Lin, Gong-Ru; Chiu, I-Hsiang; Wu, Ming-Chung

2005-02-07

Optically harmonic mode-locking of a semiconductor optical amplifier fiber laser (SOAFL) induced by backward injecting a dark-optical comb is demonstrated for the first time. The dark-optical comb with 60-ps pulsewidth is generated from a Mach-Zehnder modulator, which is driven by an electrical comb at a DC offset of 0.3Vn. Theoretical simulation indicates that the backward injection of dark-optical comb results in a narrow gain window of 60 ps within one modulating period, providing a cross-gainmodulation induced mode-locking in the SOAFL with a shortest pulsewidth of 15 ps at repetition frequency of 1 GHz. The mode-locked SOAFL pulsewidth can be slightly shortened to 10.8 ps with a 200m-long dispersion compensating fiber. After nonlinearly soliton compression in a 5km-long single mode fiber, the pulsewidth, linewidth and time-bandwidth product become 1.2 ps, 2.06 nm and 0.31, respectively.

31 CFR 270.3 - Requests for identifiable records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Requests for identifiable records. 270.3 Section 270.3 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FISCAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SERVICE AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS § 270.3...

31 CFR 270.3 - Requests for identifiable records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Requests for identifiable records. 270.3 Section 270.3 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FISCAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SERVICE AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS § 270.3...

50 CFR 270.13 - Books, records and reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Books, records and reports. 270.13 Section 270.13 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC... § 270.13 Books, records and reports. (a) The Council must submit to NMFS the following documents...

50 CFR 270.13 - Books, records and reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Books, records and reports. 270.13 Section 270.13 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC... § 270.13 Books, records and reports. (a) The Council must submit to NMFS the following documents...

50 CFR 270.13 - Books, records and reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Books, records and reports. 270.13 Section 270.13 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC... § 270.13 Books, records and reports. (a) The Council must submit to NMFS the following documents...

50 CFR 270.13 - Books, records and reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Books, records and reports. 270.13 Section 270.13 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC... § 270.13 Books, records and reports. (a) The Council must submit to NMFS the following documents...

50 CFR 270.13 - Books, records and reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Books, records and reports. 270.13 Section 270.13 Wildlife and Fisheries NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC... § 270.13 Books, records and reports. (a) The Council must submit to NMFS the following documents...

Biomechanical comparison of locked versus non-locked symphyseal plating of unstable pelvic ring injuries.

PubMed

Godinsky, R J; Vrabec, G A; Guseila, L M; Filipkowski, D E; Elias, J J

2018-04-01

Locked symphyseal plates are utilized to provide higher levels of construct stiffness than non-locked plates. The current biomechanical study was performed to compare stiffness at the pubic symphysis between locked and non-locked plating systems. Synthetic models were utilized to represent injury to the pelvis and symphyseal plating combined with a sacro-iliac screw. Seven models were evaluated with plates and locking screws, and seven were evaluated with non-locking screws. Single limb stance was simulated, with all models loaded for 1000 cycles with 350 N applied at the sacrum. Two pairs of markers crossing the symphysis were tracked with a video-based tracking system. A coordinate system was developed to quantify motion between the pairs in three directions: medial-lateral gap, anterior-posterior shear translation, and superior-inferior shear translation. Significant differences between the plating systems were identified with t tests (p < 0.05). Anterior-posterior shear translation varied significantly between the two plating systems. From cycles 100 to 1000, average shear translation for the non-locked and locked systems was ~0.7 and 0.3 mm, respectively, at the markers closest to the plate and 2.2 and 1.4 mm, respectively, at the markers further from the plate. Motion in the other two directions did not differ significantly between locked and non-locked models. Locked symphyseal plating systems can provide better stability than non-locked systems for anterior-posterior shear translation. More stability could potentially reduce the risk of failure of the plate or screws.

24 CFR 990.270 - Asset management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Asset management. 990.270 Section... THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Asset Management § 990.270 Asset management. As owners, PHAs have asset management responsibilities that are above and beyond property management activities. These...

24 CFR 990.270 - Asset management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Asset management. 990.270 Section... THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Asset Management § 990.270 Asset management. As owners, PHAs have asset management responsibilities that are above and beyond property management activities. These...

24 CFR 990.270 - Asset management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Asset management. 990.270 Section... THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Asset Management § 990.270 Asset management. As owners, PHAs have asset management responsibilities that are above and beyond property management activities. These...

32 CFR 270.10 - Time limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Time limitations. 270.10 Section 270.10 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS... Time limitations. To be eligible for payments under this part, applicants must file Applications for...

32 CFR 270.10 - Time limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Time limitations. 270.10 Section 270.10 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS... Time limitations. To be eligible for payments under this part, applicants must file Applications for...

32 CFR 270.10 - Time limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Time limitations. 270.10 Section 270.10 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS... Time limitations. To be eligible for payments under this part, applicants must file Applications for...

32 CFR 270.10 - Time limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Time limitations. 270.10 Section 270.10 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS... Time limitations. To be eligible for payments under this part, applicants must file Applications for...

24 CFR 990.270 - Asset management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Asset management. 990.270 Section... THE PUBLIC HOUSING OPERATING FUND PROGRAM Asset Management § 990.270 Asset management. As owners, PHAs have asset management responsibilities that are above and beyond property management activities. These...

48 CFR 1516.405-270 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Definitions. 1516.405-270 Section 1516.405-270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY CONTRACTING... responsible for reviewing the recommendations of the PEB and making the final determination of the amount of...

42 CFR 440.150 - Intermediate care facility (ICF/IID) services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Intermediate care facility (ICF/IID) services. 440.150 Section 440.150 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.150 Intermediate care facility (ICF/IID)...

Rational harmonic mode-locking pulse quality of the dark-optical-comb injected semiconductor optical amplifier fiber ring laser.

PubMed

Lin, Gong-Ru; Lee, Chao-Kuei; Kang, Jung-Jui

2008-06-09

We study the rational harmonic mode-locking (RHML) order dependent pulse shortening force and dynamic chirp characteristics of a gain-saturated semiconductor optical amplifier fiber laser (SOAFL) under dark-optical-comb injection, and discuss the competition between mode-locking mechanisms in the SOAFL at high-gain and strong optical injection condition at higher RHML orders. The evolutions of spectra, mode-locking and continuous lasing powers by measuring the ratio of DC/pulse amplitude and the pulse shortening force (I(pulse)/P(avg)(2) ) are performed to determine the RHML capability of SOAFL. As the rational harmonic order increases up to 20, the spectral linewidth shrinks from 12 to 3 nm, the ratio of DC/pulse amplitude enlarges from 0.025 to 2.4, and the pulse-shortening force reduces from 0.9 to 0.05. At fundamental and highest RHML condition, we characterize the frequency detuning range to realize the mode-locking quality, and measure the dynamic frequency chirp of the RHML-SOAFL to distinguish the linear and nonlinear chirp after dispersion compensation. With increasing RHML order, the pulsewidth is broadened from 4.2 to 26.4 ps with corresponding chirp reducing from 0.7 to 0.2 GHz and linear/nonlinear chirp ratio changes from 4.3 to 1.3, which interprets the high-order chirp becomes dominates at higher RHML orders.

21 CFR 107.270 - Compliance with this subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Compliance with this subpart. 107.270 Section 107.270 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION INFANT FORMULA Infant Formula Recalls § 107.270 Compliance with this subpart...

21 CFR 107.270 - Compliance with this subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Compliance with this subpart. 107.270 Section 107.270 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION INFANT FORMULA Infant Formula Recalls § 107.270 Compliance with this subpart...

50 CFR 665.440 - Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved] 665.440 Section 665.440 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) FISHERIES IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC...

50 CFR 665.440 - Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Mariana crustacean fisheries. [Reserved] 665.440 Section 665.440 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) FISHERIES IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC...

A 2.4-GHz Energy-Efficient Transmitter for Wireless Medical Applications.

PubMed

Qi Zhang; Peng Feng; Zhiqing Geng; Xiaozhou Yan; Nanjian Wu

2011-02-01

A 2.4-GHz energy-efficient transmitter (TX) for wireless medical applications is presented in this paper. It consists of four blocks: a phase-locked loop (PLL) synthesizer with a direct frequency presetting technique, a class-B power amplifier, a digital processor, and nonvolatile memory (NVM). The frequency presetting technique can accurately preset the carrier frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator and reduce the lock-in time of the PLL synthesizer, further increasing the data rate of communication with low power consumption. The digital processor automatically compensates preset frequency variation with process, voltage, and temperature. The NVM stores the presetting signals and calibration data so that the TX can avoid the repetitive calibration process and save the energy in practical applications. The design is implemented in 0.18- μm radio-frequency complementary metal-oxide semiconductor process and the active area is 1.3 mm (2). The TX achieves 0-dBm output power with a maximum data rate of 4 Mb/s/2 Mb/s and dissipates 2.7-mA/5.4-mA current from a 1.8-V power supply for on-off keying/frequency-shift keying modulation, respectively. The corresponding energy efficiency is 1.2 nJ/b·mW and 4.8 nJ/b· mW when normalized to the transmitting power.

42 CFR 440.220 - Required services for the medically needy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Required services for the medically needy. 440.220 Section 440.220 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Requirements and Limits Applicable to All Services § 440.220 Require...

42 CFR 440.150 - Intermediate care facility (ICF/MR) services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Intermediate care facility (ICF/MR) services. 440.150 Section 440.150 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Definitions § 440.150 Intermediate care facility (ICF/MR) service...

42 CFR 440.220 - Required services for the medically needy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Required services for the medically needy. 440.220 Section 440.220 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Requirements and Limits Applicable to All Services § 440.220 Require...

42 CFR 440.220 - Required services for the medically needy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Required services for the medically needy. 440.220 Section 440.220 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Requirements and Limits Applicable to All Services § 440.220 Require...

42 CFR 440.220 - Required services for the medically needy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Required services for the medically needy. 440.220 Section 440.220 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Requirements and Limits Applicable to All Services § 440.220 Require...

42 CFR 440.220 - Required services for the medically needy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Required services for the medically needy. 440.220 Section 440.220 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS SERVICES: GENERAL PROVISIONS Requirements and Limits Applicable to All Services § 440.220 Require...

25 CFR 11.440 - Tampering with or fabricating physical evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Tampering with or fabricating physical evidence. 11.440 Section 11.440 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAW AND ORDER COURTS OF INDIAN OFFENSES AND LAW AND ORDER CODE Criminal Offenses § 11.440 Tampering with or fabricating physical evidence...

25 CFR 11.440 - Tampering with or fabricating physical evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Tampering with or fabricating physical evidence. 11.440 Section 11.440 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAW AND ORDER COURTS OF INDIAN OFFENSES AND LAW AND ORDER CODE Criminal Offenses § 11.440 Tampering with or fabricating physical evidence...

System calibration of the 1.4 GHz and 5 GHz radiometers for soil moisture remote sensing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wang, J.; Shiue, J.; Gould, W.; Fuchs, J.; Hirschmann, E.; Glazar, W.

1980-01-01

Two microwave radiometers at the frequencies of 1.4 GHz and 5 GHz were mounted on a mobile tower and used for a remote sensing of soil moisture experiment at a Beltsville Agriculture Research Center test site. The experiment was performed in October 1979 over both bare field and fields covered with grass, soybean, and corn. The calibration procedure for the radiometer systems which forms the basis of obtaining the final radiometric data product is described. It is estimated from the calibration results that the accuracy of the 1.4 GHz radiometric measurements is about + or - 3 K. The measured 5 GHz brightness temperatures over bare fields with moisture content greater than 10 percent by dry weight are about 8 K lower than those taken simultaneously at 1.4 GHz. This could be due to either (1) a 5 GHz antenna side lobe seeing the cold brightness of the sky, or (2) the thermal microwave emission from a soil being less sensitive to surface roughness at 5 GHz than at 1.4 GHz.

18 CFR 284.270 - Reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Reporting requirements. 284.270 Section 284.270 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION...; (4) The estimated total amount and average daily amount of emergency natural gas to be purchased...

18 CFR 284.270 - Reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Reporting requirements. 284.270 Section 284.270 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION... the emergency; (4) The estimated total amount and average daily amount of emergency natural gas to be...

18 CFR 284.270 - Reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reporting requirements. 284.270 Section 284.270 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION...; (4) The estimated total amount and average daily amount of emergency natural gas to be purchased...

18 CFR 284.270 - Reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Reporting requirements. 284.270 Section 284.270 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION... the emergency; (4) The estimated total amount and average daily amount of emergency natural gas to be...

18 CFR 284.270 - Reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Reporting requirements. 284.270 Section 284.270 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION... the emergency; (4) The estimated total amount and average daily amount of emergency natural gas to be...

15 CFR 270.105 - Duties of a Team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Duties of a Team. 270.105 Section 270... OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS Establishment and Deployment of Teams § 270.105 Duties of a Team. (a) A Team's Lead...

15 CFR 270.105 - Duties of a Team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Duties of a Team. 270.105 Section 270... OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS Establishment and Deployment of Teams § 270.105 Duties of a Team. (a) A Team's Lead...

15 CFR 270.105 - Duties of a Team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Duties of a Team. 270.105 Section 270... OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS Establishment and Deployment of Teams § 270.105 Duties of a Team. (a) A Team's Lead...

15 CFR 270.105 - Duties of a Team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Duties of a Team. 270.105 Section 270... OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS Establishment and Deployment of Teams § 270.105 Duties of a Team. (a) A Team's Lead...

15 CFR 270.105 - Duties of a Team.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Duties of a Team. 270.105 Section 270... OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TEAMS Establishment and Deployment of Teams § 270.105 Duties of a Team. (a) A Team's Lead...

Multi-GHz Synchronous Waveform Acquisition With Real-Time Pattern-Matching Trigger Generation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kleinfelder, Stuart A.; Chiang, Shiuh-hua Wood; Huang, Wei

2013-10-01

A transient waveform capture and digitization circuit with continuous synchronous 2-GHz sampling capability and real-time programmable windowed trigger generation has been fabricated and tested. Designed in 0.25 μm CMOS, the digitizer contains a circular array of 128 sample and hold circuits for continuous sample acquisition, and attains 2-GHz sample speeds with over 800-MHz analog bandwidth. Sample clock generation is synchronous, combining a phase-locked loop for high-speed clock generation and a high-speed fully-differential shift register for distributing clocks to all 128 sample circuits. Using two comparators per sample, the sampled voltage levels are compared against two reference levels, a high threshold and a low threshold, that are set via per-comparator digital to analog converters (DACs). The 256 per-comparator 5-bit DACs compensate for comparator offsets and allow for fine reference level adjustment. The comparator results are matched in 8-sample-wide windows against up to 72 programmable patterns in real time using an on-chip programmable logic array. Each 8-sample trigger window is equivalent to 4 ns of acquisition, overlapped sample by sample in a circular fashion through the entire 128-sample array. The 72 pattern-matching trigger criteria can be programmed to be any combination of High-above the high threshold, Low-below the low threshold, Middle-between the two thresholds, or “Don't Care”-any state is accepted. A trigger pattern of “HLHLHLHL,” for example, watches for a waveform that is oscillating at about 1 GHz given the 2-GHz sample rate. A trigger is flagged in under 20 ns if there is a match, after which sampling is stopped, and on-chip digitization can proceed via 128 parallel 10-bit converters, or off-chip conversion can proceed via an analog readout. The chip exceeds 11 bits of dynamic range, nets over 800-MHz -3-dB bandwidth in a realistic system, and jitter in the PLL-based sampling clock has been measured to be about 1 part

A high-overtone bulk acoustic wave resonator-oscillator-based 4.596 GHz frequency source: Application to a coherent population trapping Cs vapor cell atomic clock.

PubMed

Daugey, Thomas; Friedt, Jean-Michel; Martin, Gilles; Boudot, Rodolphe

2015-11-01

This article reports on the design and characterization of a high-overtone bulk acoustic wave resonator (HBAR)-oscillator-based 4.596 GHz frequency source. A 2.298 GHz signal, generated by an oscillator constructed around a thermally controlled two-port aluminum nitride-sapphire HBAR resonator with a Q-factor of 24,000 at 68 °C, is frequency multiplied by 2-4.596 GHz, half of the Cs atom clock frequency. The temperature coefficient of frequency of the HBAR is measured to be -23 ppm/ °C at 2.298 GHz. The measured phase noise of the 4.596 GHz source is -105 dB rad(2)/Hz at 1 kHz offset and -150 dB rad(2)/Hz at 100 kHz offset. The 4.596 GHz output signal is used as a local oscillator in a laboratory-prototype Cs microcell-based coherent population trapping atomic clock. The signal is stabilized onto the atomic transition frequency by tuning finely a voltage-controlled phase shifter implemented in the 2.298 GHz HBAR-oscillator loop, preventing the need for a high-power-consuming direct digital synthesis. The short-term fractional frequency stability of the free-running oscillator is 1.8 × 10(-9) at one second integration time. In locked regime, the latter is improved in a preliminary proof-of-concept experiment at the level of 6.6 × 10(-11) τ(-1/2) up to a few seconds and found to be limited by the signal-to-noise ratio of the detected CPT resonance.