3. DEADWOOD CREEK BRIDGE, VIEW BELOW DECK SHOWING OPEN SPANDREL ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

3. DEADWOOD CREEK BRIDGE, VIEW BELOW DECK SHOWING OPEN SPANDREL ARCH CONSTRUCTION AND ARCH RIBS - Deadwood Creek Bridge, Spanning Deadwood Creek on Mather Memorial Parkway, Longmire, Pierce County, WA

Strength and fatigue of three glass fiber reinforced composite bridge decks with mechanical deck to stringer connections.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-02-01

Replacement of the steel grating deck on the lift span of the Morrison Bridge in Portland, OR, will utilize glass : fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) panels to address ongoing maintenance issues of the deteriorated existing deck, improve driver : safety...

Evaluation of cracking of the US 331 bridge deck.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-08-01

The focus of this report is a three-span, continuous, skewed bridge that was constructed in the : summer of 2003 as the northbound roadway bridge on US 331 in Montgomery County, : Alabama. This bridge deck exhibited extensive transverse and horizonta...

An elevated view of the bridge deck looking east toward ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

An elevated view of the bridge deck looking east toward Battelle Laboratories and the Ohio State University. Picture taken from State Route 315. - King Avenue Bridge, Spanning Olentangy River, Columbus, Franklin County, OH

6. VIEW OF UNDERSIDE OF BRIDGE DECK, SHOWING LOWER CHORDS, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

6. VIEW OF UNDERSIDE OF BRIDGE DECK, SHOWING LOWER CHORDS, FLOOR BEAMS, STRINGERS, BOTTOM LATERAL BRACINGS, AND NORTHERN STONE ABUTMENT. - Brown Street Bridge, Brown Street, spanning Oil Creek, Titusville, Crawford County, PA

Photographic copy of circa, 1934 black and white photograph. Loose ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photographic copy of circa, 1934 black and white photograph. Loose in oversized box located at the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Archives Center, Work and Industry Division, Washington, D.C. Original Photographer unknown. VIEW FROM EAST BANK LOOKING SOUTH TOWARD WEST BANK AT BRIDGE UNDER CONSTRUCTION SHOWING COMPLETED THROUGH TRUSS SPAN BETWEEN PIER III AND IV AND THE UNCOMPLETED DECK TRUSS SPAN BETWEEN PIER IV AND V. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

Evaluation of the need for longitudinal median joints in bridge decks on dual structures.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-09-01

The primary objective of this project was to determine the effect of bridge width on deck cracking in bridges. Other parameters, : such as bridge skew, girder spacing and type, abutment type, pier type, and number of bridge spans, were also studied. ...

DETAIL VIEW OF SINGLE PANEL POINTS TAKEN FROM BRIDGE DECK, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL VIEW OF SINGLE PANEL POINTS TAKEN FROM BRIDGE DECK, SHOWING CONNECTION BETWEEN VERTICAL AND UPPER CHORD MEMBER - White Bowstring Arch Truss Bridge, Spanning Yellow Creek at Cemetery Drive (Riverside Drive), Poland, Mahoning County, OH

12. View of bridge underside showing deck beams, stringers and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

12. View of bridge underside showing deck beams, stringers and center pier. Jet Lowe, photographer, 1983 - Neshanic Station Lenticular Truss Bridge, State Route 567, spanning South Branch of Raritan River, Neshanic Station, Somerset County, NJ

10. AN IMAGE, LOOKING DUE NORTH OF THE BRIDGE DECK, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. AN IMAGE, LOOKING DUE NORTH OF THE BRIDGE DECK, SHOWING LAYERS OF GRAVEL, ASPHALT AND TIMBER. - Wells County Bridge No. 74, Spanning Rock Creek Ditch at County Road 400, Bluffton, Wells County, IN

8. Detail of underside of bridge deck, from the southern ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8. Detail of underside of bridge deck, from the southern end looking toward north-northwest. - Bridge No. 4800, Spanning Minnesota River on Trunk Highway 4 between Brown & Nicollet Counties, Sleepy Eye, Brown County, MN

Proof testing a bridge deck design with glass fiber reinforced polymer bars as top mat of reinforcement.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-01-01

The primary objective of this project was to test a full-scale prototype of a bridge deck design containing glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars as the top mat of reinforcement. The test deck mimics the design of the deck of one span of the new...

Reduction of Bridge Deck Cracking through Alternative Material Usage

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-12-01

ODOT routinely deploys a large number of continuous span structural slab bridges. Despite being designed to strictly satisfy all the relevant AASHTO and ODOT BDM requirements, many such bridge decks show transverse cracks, with widths greater than th...

Precision monitoring of bridge deck curvature change during replacement.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-05-01

This project was focused on development and deployment of a system for monitoring vertical : displacement in bridge decks and bridge spans. The system uses high precision wireless inclinometer : sensors to monitor inclinations at various points of a ...

16. DETAIL VIEW OF BRIDGE DECK DURING DEMOLITION, SHOWING EXTRADOSAL ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

16. DETAIL VIEW OF BRIDGE DECK DURING DEMOLITION, SHOWING EXTRADOSAL REINFORCING BARS OF PATENTED THACHER TYPE, AND PLAIN TRANSVERSE BARS CONNECTING EXTRADOSAL AND INTRADOSAL REINFORCEMENTS - Sanderson Avenue Bridge, Sanderson Avenue spanning Lackawanna River, Scranton, Lackawanna County, PA

Photographic copy of drawing by Modjeski and Masters, Engineers of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photographic copy of drawing by Modjeski and Masters, Engineers of the proposed Huey P. Long Bridge Widening. Original drawing located in the office of Modjeski and Masters, Consulting Engineers at 1055 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA. 70130. JUNE 30, 2004 DRAWING OF THE PROPOSED HUEY P. LONG BRIDGE WIDENING, U.S. 90, MAIN BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURE, SHOWING SEQUENCE OF CONSTRUCTION – 16, STAGE 5 (PLACEMENT OF NEW DECK AND FLOOR SYSTEM) AND STAGE 6. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

Photographic copy of drawing by Modjeski and Masters, Engineers of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photographic copy of drawing by Modjeski and Masters, Engineers of the proposed Huey P. Long Bridge Widening. Original drawing located in the office of Modjeski and Masters, Consulting Engineers at 1055 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA. 70130. JUNE 30, 2004 DRAWING OF THE PROPOSED HUEY P. LONG BRIDGE WIDENING, U.S. 90, MAIN BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURE, SHOWING SEQUENCE OF CONSTRUCTION – 15, STAGE 4 AND STAGE 5 (DECK AND FLOOR SYSTEM REMOVAL). - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

21. View of Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge facing west. Looking ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

21. View of Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge facing west. Looking at bridge deck, guard rail, juncture of two bridge spans. - Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge, Spanning Clark Fork River, serves Highway 200, Clark Fork, Bonner County, ID

Simple model of cable-stayed bridge deck subjected to static wind loading

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kang, Yi-Lung; Wang, Yang Cheng

1997-05-01

Cable-stayed bridges have been known since 18th century with aesthetics design. The structural system and the structural behavior are significantly different from those of continuous bridges. Compared to continuous bridge, cable- stayed bridges have more flexure bridge deck than those of continuous bridges.On the other hand, cable-stayed bridges have less stiffness to resist wind loading especially for lateral loads. The first considering of bridge engineering is safety. In 1940's, Tacoma Narrows Suspension Bridge destroyed by wind loading is a good example even though it is not a cable-stayed bridge. After the bridge was destroyed, a lot of research articles have been published regarding cable supported bridge subjected to wind loading. In recent days, high strength materials have been served. The bridge engineers use the advantages to expand the span length of cable-stayed bridges. Due to the span length increased and the use of high strength materials, cable- stayed bridges have more significant nonlinear behavior subjected to wind loading. In this paper, a slice bridge deck of cable-stayed bridge connected to internal support cables is considered. The deck has been considered to be subjected to lateral static wind loading. Since cables can not take compressive force, the deck has strongly nonlinear behavior even though the materials are linear elastic. Several primary load combinations have ben considered in this paper such as the bridge deck supposed to be moved horizontally without rotation or the bridge deck supposed to be moved horizontally with rotational deformation. The mathematical formulas and the numerical solutions are found and represented in graphical forms. The results can be provided to bridge designers and researchers for further study of this type of structure subjected to wind loading.

28. VIEW EAST FROM DECKING ON SOUTHWEST CORNER OF PIVOT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

28. VIEW EAST FROM DECKING ON SOUTHWEST CORNER OF PIVOT PIER, DRIVE SYSTEM FOR SWING-SPAN INCLUDES: (from left to right) ELECTRIC LINE FROM SHORE (bottom left), TRACK AND RAIL ON CONCRETE PIER, ELECTRIC MOTOR, GASOLINE MOTOR, SHAFTS TO WEDGE DRIVE CRANKS, WEDGE DRIVE DRIVE SHAFT, WEDGE DRIVE GEAR BOX, AND (on right) GEARING FOR MANUAL WEDGE DRIVE ACCESSED THROUGH BRIDGE DECK - Tipers Bridge, Spanning Great Wicomico River at State Route 200, Kilmarnock, Lancaster County, VA

Computational and experimental investigation of free vibration and flutter of bridge decks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Helgedagsrud, Tore A.; Bazilevs, Yuri; Mathisen, Kjell M.; Øiseth, Ole A.

2018-06-01

A modified rigid-object formulation is developed, and employed as part of the fluid-object interaction modeling framework from Akkerman et al. (J Appl Mech 79(1):010905, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4005072) to simulate free vibration and flutter of long-span bridges subjected to strong winds. To validate the numerical methodology, companion wind tunnel experiments have been conducted. The results show that the computational framework captures very precisely the aeroelastic behavior in terms of aerodynamic stiffness, damping and flutter characteristics. Considering its relative simplicity and accuracy, we conclude from our study that the proposed free-vibration simulation technique is a valuable tool in engineering design of long-span bridges.

Deck and Cable Dynamic Testing of a Single-span Bridge Using Radar Interferometry and Videometry Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Piniotis, George; Gikas, Vassilis; Mpimis, Thanassis; Perakis, Harris

2016-03-01

This paper presents the dynamic testing of a roadway, single-span, cable-stayed bridge for a sequence of static load and ambient vibration monitoring scenarios. Deck movements were captured along both sideways of the bridge using a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and a Ground-based Microwave Interfererometer (GBMI) system. Cable vibrations were measured at a single point location on each of the six cables using the GBMI technique. Dynamic testing involves three types of analyses; firstly, vibration analysis and modal parameter estimation (i. e., natural frequencies and modal shapes) of the deck using the combined DIC and GBMI measurements. Secondly, dynamic testing of the cables is performed through vibration analysis and experimental computation of their tension forces. Thirdly, the mechanism of cable-deck dynamic interaction is studied through their Power Spectra Density (PSD) and the Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) analyses. Thereby, the global (deck and cable) and local (either deck or cable) bridge modes are identified, serving a concrete benchmark of the current state of the bridge for studying the evolution of its structural performance in the future. The level of synergy and complementarity between the GBMI and DIC techniques for bridge monitoring is also examined and assessed.

3. ENVIRONMENT, FROM NORTH, SHOWING RICHMOND SKYLINE, BRIDGE DECK AND ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

3. ENVIRONMENT, FROM NORTH, SHOWING RICHMOND SKYLINE, BRIDGE DECK AND ROADWAY, AND NORTH APPROACH - Fifth Street Viaduct, Spanning Bacon's Quarter Branch Valley on Fifth Street, Richmond, Independent City, VA

Performance evaluation of concrete bridge decks reinforced with MMFX and SSC rebars.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-01-01

This report investigates the performance of bridge decks reinforced with stainless steel clad (SSC) and micro-composite multistructural formable steel (MMFX) rebars. The two-span Galloway Road Bridge on route CR5218 over North Elkhorn Creek in Scott ...

Static testing of a bridge using an interferometric radar: the case study of "Ponte degli Alpini," Belluno, Italy.

PubMed

Dei, Devis; Mecatti, Daniele; Pieraccini, Massimiliano

2013-01-01

Ground-based radar interferometry is an increasingly popular technique for monitoring civil infrastructures. In this paper, the static testing of a bridge is reported. It was an 8-span bridge, 297 m long, named "Ponte degli Alpini," crossing the valley of the Ardo River. The radar has been used for testing a lateral span and a central span. The obtained results present elements of novelty not previously reported in the literature. In fact, some displacement measurements of the lateral span have been affected by a horizontal shift that has to be taken into account for a correct interpretation of the measured data. Furthermore, the measurements of the central span have been carried out with the radar positioned transversally with respect to the bridge deck; this unusual arrangement has allowed for obtaining displacement maps less geometrically distorted with respect to other cases reported in the literature.

2. ENVIRONMENT, FROM SOUTH, SHOWING FIFTH STREET VIADUCT BRIDGE DECK ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

2. ENVIRONMENT, FROM SOUTH, SHOWING FIFTH STREET VIADUCT BRIDGE DECK AND ROADWAY, PARAPETS, AND TOLLHOUSE - Fifth Street Viaduct, Spanning Bacon's Quarter Branch Valley on Fifth Street, Richmond, Independent City, VA

Economic impact of multi-span, prestressed concrete girder bridges designed as simple span versus continuous span : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-10-01

The objective of this study was to determine the economic impact of designing pre-tensioned prestressed concrete beam (PPCB) : bridges utilizing the continuity developed in the bridge deck as opposed to the current Iowa Department of Transportation (...

Hybrid FRP-concrete bridge deck system final report II : long term performance of hybrid FRP-concrete bridge deck system.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-06-01

This report describes the investigation of the long term structural performance of a : hybrid FRP-concrete (HFRPC) bridge deck on steel girders. The study aimed at : assessing three long term aspects pertaining to the HFRPC bridge deck: (1) creep : c...

Economic impact of multi-span, prestressed concrete girder bridges designed as simple span versus continuous span : tech transfer summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-10-01

The objective of this study was to determine the economic impact of : designing pre-tensioned prestressed concrete beam (PPCB) bridges : utilizing the continuity developed in the bridge deck as opposed to the : current Iowa Department of Transportati...

SouthWest Elevation, Plan Showing Deck Framing, Deck Plan, Plan of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

South-West Elevation, Plan Showing Deck Framing, Deck Plan, Plan of Collar Beams, Etc., Typical Framing Details, End Elevations, Elevation of Scarf Top Chord, Joint Details - Perrine's Bridge, Spanning Wallkill River, Rifton, Ulster County, NY

Reflected Deck Plan and Deck Plan from Pre2004 Fire and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Reflected Deck Plan and Deck Plan from Pre-2004 Fire and Existing Condition, 2009 - Boston & Maine Railroad, Berlin Branch Bridge #148.81, Formerly spanning Moose Brook at former Boston & Maine Railroad, Gorham, Coos County, NH

Durability of lightweight concrete : Phase I : concrete temperature study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1968-08-01

This report describes a study conducted to determine the temperature gradient throughout the depth of a six inch concrete bridge deck. The bridge deck selected for study was constructed using lightweight concrete for the center spans and sand and gra...

With deck removed and critical members severed, the bridge begins ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

With deck removed and critical members severed, the bridge begins to succumb to tractors, pulling cables attached to its downstream side. View is to the southeast from confluence of Trinity and South Fork Trinity Rivers - South Fork Trinity River Bridge, State Highway 299 spanning South Fork Trinity River, Salyer, Trinity County, CA

View of pony truss approach span, showing metal caissons and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of pony truss approach span, showing metal caissons and deck system, including metal floor beams and timber stringers. The same decking system was used on movable span. Looking north from civilian land. - Naval Supply Annex Stockton, Daggett Road Bridge, Daggett Road traversing Burns Cut Off, Stockton, San Joaquin County, CA

12. DETAIL VIEW OF BRIDGE, SHOWING SPRING LINE OF SPANS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

12. DETAIL VIEW OF BRIDGE, SHOWING SPRING LINE OF SPANS FROM CROWN OF MID-CHANNEL PIER, PAIRED COLUMNS SUPPORTING DECK, ARCHED WINDOW RAILING, LOOKING WEST-NORTHWEST FROM EUREKA SOUTHERN RAILROAD BRIDGE. CABLES VISIBLE IN BACKGROUND ARE EARTHQUAKE RESTRAINERS RETROFITTED TO 1952 HIGHWAY BRIDGE, WHICH FUNCTIONED AS DESIGNED IN APRIL 1992 TEMBLOR - Van Duzen River Bridge, Spanning Van Duzen River at CA State Highway 101, Alton, Humboldt County, CA

25. VIEW OF McGREGOR BRIDGE (18811936), CROSSING THE MERRIMACK RIVER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

25. VIEW OF McGREGOR BRIDGE (1881-1936), CROSSING THE MERRIMACK RIVER AT BRIDGE STREET, LOOKING SOUTHEAST. NORTH ELEVATION OF DOUBLE-DECKED, THREE-SPAN DOUGLAS PATENT PARABOLIC IRON TRUSS ERECTED BY CORRUGATED METAL COMPANY (BERLIN IRON BRIDGE COMPANY, BERLIN, CT) From 'Bridge Street Bridge', photographer and date unknown. - Notre Dame Bridge, Spanning Merrimack River on Bridge Street, Manchester, Hillsborough County, NH

An investigation of the load distribution on a timber deck-steel girder bridge.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-01-01

The load distribution on a 48.5-ft. span timber deck-steel girder bridge built to the Virginia Department of Highways and Transportation standard SS-4 requirements was investigated under two conditions. The first condition was concerned with the load...

27. DETAIL OF DECK JOINT BETWEEN APPROACH SPAN No. 3 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

27. DETAIL OF DECK JOINT BETWEEN APPROACH SPAN No. 3 AND NORTH CANTILEVER ANCHOR ARM AND RESPECTIVE BEARINGS AT PIER No. 3, LOOKING EAST - Jackson's Ferry Bridge, Route 52 over New River, 6.3 miles south of Route 94, Austinville, Wythe County, VA

Two-course bonded concrete bridge deck construction : condition and performance after six years.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1981-01-01

This report presents the findings from a six-year study of two-course bonded concrete bridge decks constructed in Virginia. Each of three special portland cement concretes was applied as an overlay, or wearing course, on two experimental spans. The o...

Long continuous bridge deck evaluation : John Day River Bridge, Clatsop County, Bridge No. 1827B : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-06-01

The John Day River Bridge, near Astoria, Oregon was built with a continuous deck length of 1,105 ft. (340 m). The rationale for designing the John Day River Bridge with an unusually long continuous deck is in part based on the site's very mild climat...

A comment on the use of polymer-impregnated concrete in bridge decks to achieve a reduction in material volume and first cost.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-01-01

Three 180', simple span, composite plate girder structures were designed to approximate the material requirements and first cost associated with a polymer-impregnated concrete as compared to those for a conventional concrete bridge deck. The structur...

Wave loading on bridge decks : final report, December 2009.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-12-01

This report covers the results of experimental and theoretical analyses of wave loading on bridge superstructures. A number of wave tank tests were performed on both slab and girder type spans with different water depths, span positions relative to t...

20. WEB / DECK / LATERAL BRACING DETAIL OF THROUGH ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

20. WEB / DECK / LATERAL BRACING DETAIL OF THROUGH TRUSSES. VIEW TO WEST. - Abraham Lincoln Memorial Bridge, Spanning Missouri River on Highway 30 between Nebraska & Iowa, Blair, Washington County, NE

22. INCLINED END POST / DECK / GUARDRAIL DETAIL OF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

22. INCLINED END POST / DECK / GUARDRAIL DETAIL OF THROUGH TRUSSES. VIEW TO SOUTHEAST. - Abraham Lincoln Memorial Bridge, Spanning Missouri River on Highway 30 between Nebraska & Iowa, Blair, Washington County, NE

Suspension Bridge Structural Systems: Cable Suspension & Anchorage; Warren Stiffening ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Suspension Bridge Structural Systems: Cable Suspension & Anchorage; Warren Stiffening Truss; Upper & Lower Decks; Assembled System - San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge, Spanning San Francisco Bay, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA

Dynamic Load on Continuous Multi-Lane Bridge Deck from Moving Vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

ZHU, X. Q.; LAW, S. S.

2002-04-01

The dynamic loading on a multi-lane continuous bridge deck due to vehicles moving on top at a constant velocity is investigated. The bridge is modelled as a multi-span continuous orthotropic rectangular plate with line rigid intermediate supports. The vehicle is simulated as a two-axle three-dimensional vehicle model with seven degrees of freedom according to the H20-44 vehicle design loading (AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications 1998 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials [1]). The dynamic behavior of the bridge deck under single and several vehicles moving in different lanes is analyzed using the orthotropic plate theory and modal superposition technique. The dynamic loading is studied in terms of the dynamic impact factor of the bridge deck. The impact factor is found varying in an opposite trend as the dynamic responses for the different loading cases under study.

16. Detail view of deck beam end. Jet Lowe, photographer, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

16. Detail view of deck beam end. Jet Lowe, photographer, 1983 - Neshanic Station Lenticular Truss Bridge, State Route 567, spanning South Branch of Raritan River, Neshanic Station, Somerset County, NJ

4. LOOKING SOUTHWEST AT LATTICED GUARDRAIL, DIAGONALS, ASPHALT DECK AND ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. LOOKING SOUTHWEST AT LATTICED GUARDRAIL, DIAGONALS, ASPHALT DECK AND LACED ANGLES ON VERTICALS - Wayne County Bridge No. 122, Spanning West Fork Whitewater River at Main Street, Milton, Wayne County, IN

10. DECK GIRDER, PASSING ABOVE FORMER STATION, LOOKING NORTH NEAR ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. DECK GIRDER, PASSING ABOVE FORMER STATION, LOOKING NORTH NEAR 4TH STREET. - Philadelphia & Western Railway, Bridgeport Bridge, Spanning Schulykill River, west of DeKalb Street, Bridgeport, Montgomery County, PA

Use of precast concrete deck panels : summary of research panel types I, II, and III.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-08-01

The objective of this research was to investigate the feasibility of using precast concrete deck panels in place of traditional formwork for AASHTO girder type bridges. The precast deck panels span between girders, support the weight of a topping sla...

A simplified fragility analysis of fan type cable stayed bridges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khan, R. A.; Datta, T. K.; Ahmad, S.

2005-06-01

A simplified fragility analysis of fan type cable stayed bridges using Probabilistic Risk Analysis (PRA) procedure is presented for determining their failure probability under random ground motion. Seismic input to the bridge support is considered to be a risk consistent response spectrum which is obtained from a separate analysis. For the response analysis, the bridge deck is modeles as a beam supported on spring at different points. The stiffnesses of the springs are determined by a separate 2D static analysis of cable-tower-deck system. The analysis provides a coupled stiffness matrix for the spring system. A continuum method of analysis using dynamic stiffness is used to determine the dynamic properties of the bridges. The response of the bridge deck is obtained by the response spectrum method of analysis as applied to multidegree of freedom system which duly takes into account the quasi-static component of bridge deck vibration. The fragility analysis includes uncertainties arising due to the variation in ground motion, material property, modeling, method of analysis, ductility factor and damage concentration effect. Probability of failure of the bridge deck is determined by the First Order Second Moment (FOSM) method of reliability. A three span double plane symmetrical fan type cable stayed bridge of total span 689 m, is used as an illustrative example. The fragility curves for the bridge deck failure are obtained under a number of parametric variations. Some of the important conclusions of the study indicate that (i) not only vertical component but also the horizontal component of ground motion has considerable effect on the probability of failure; (ii) ground motion with no time lag between support excitations provides a smaller probability of failure as compared to ground motion with very large time lag between support excitation; and (iii) probability of failure may considerably increase soft soil condition.

Polyurethane foam infill for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bridge deck panels.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-05-01

Although still in their infancy, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bridges have shown great promise in eliminating corrosion : concerns and meeting (or exceeding) FHWAs goal of 100-year life spans for bridges. While FRP bridges are cost-effective in ...

5. DETAIL VIEW OF SIDE STEEL RAIL, DECK, AND SHELF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

5. DETAIL VIEW OF SIDE STEEL RAIL, DECK, AND SHELF FROM SOUTHWEST CORNER - Price River Bridge, Spanning Price River, 760 North Street in Carbonville, 1 mile northwest of Price, Carbonville, Carbon County, UT

A New Multiconstraint Method for Determining the Optimal Cable Stresses in Cable-Stayed Bridges

PubMed Central

Asgari, B.; Osman, S. A.; Adnan, A.

2014-01-01

Cable-stayed bridges are one of the most popular types of long-span bridges. The structural behaviour of cable-stayed bridges is sensitive to the load distribution between the girder, pylons, and cables. The determination of pretensioning cable stresses is critical in the cable-stayed bridge design procedure. By finding the optimum stresses in cables, the load and moment distribution of the bridge can be improved. In recent years, different research works have studied iterative and modern methods to find optimum stresses of cables. However, most of the proposed methods have limitations in optimising the structural performance of cable-stayed bridges. This paper presents a multiconstraint optimisation method to specify the optimum cable forces in cable-stayed bridges. The proposed optimisation method produces less bending moments and stresses in the bridge members and requires shorter simulation time than other proposed methods. The results of comparative study show that the proposed method is more successful in restricting the deck and pylon displacements and providing uniform deck moment distribution than unit load method (ULM). The final design of cable-stayed bridges can be optimised considerably through proposed multiconstraint optimisation method. PMID:25050400

A new multiconstraint method for determining the optimal cable stresses in cable-stayed bridges.

PubMed

Asgari, B; Osman, S A; Adnan, A

2014-01-01

Cable-stayed bridges are one of the most popular types of long-span bridges. The structural behaviour of cable-stayed bridges is sensitive to the load distribution between the girder, pylons, and cables. The determination of pretensioning cable stresses is critical in the cable-stayed bridge design procedure. By finding the optimum stresses in cables, the load and moment distribution of the bridge can be improved. In recent years, different research works have studied iterative and modern methods to find optimum stresses of cables. However, most of the proposed methods have limitations in optimising the structural performance of cable-stayed bridges. This paper presents a multiconstraint optimisation method to specify the optimum cable forces in cable-stayed bridges. The proposed optimisation method produces less bending moments and stresses in the bridge members and requires shorter simulation time than other proposed methods. The results of comparative study show that the proposed method is more successful in restricting the deck and pylon displacements and providing uniform deck moment distribution than unit load method (ULM). The final design of cable-stayed bridges can be optimised considerably through proposed multiconstraint optimisation method.

11. View underside of draw span, with fender in foreground ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. View underside of draw span, with fender in foreground and concrete deck spans and pile visible at rear, looking northeast - Colonel Alexander Scammell Memorial Bridge, Spanning Bellamy River at U.S. Route 4, Dover, Strafford County, NH

Photographic copy of circa 1934, 10” x 15”, black and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photographic copy of circa 1934, 10” x 15”, black and white aerial photograph. Loose in oversized box located at the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Archives Center, Work and Industry Division, Washington, D.C. Original Photographer unknown. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF BRIDGE UNDER CONSTRUCTION LOOKING SOUTH FROM EAST BANK TOWARD WEST BANK SHOWING COMPLETED STEEL RAIL SECTION AND PART OF BRIDGE DECK TRUSS UNDER CONSTRUCTION. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

22. View of Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge facing downwest side. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

22. View of Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge facing down-west side. Looking at road deck and vertical laced channel. - Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge, Spanning Clark Fork River, serves Highway 200, Clark Fork, Bonner County, ID

322. Dennis Hill, Photographer May 1998 VIEW OF GIRDER SPANS, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

322. Dennis Hill, Photographer May 1998 VIEW OF GIRDER SPANS, OAKLAND APPROACH AT TRANSITION TO DOUBLE-DECK ROADWAY, FACING WEST. - San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge, Spanning San Francisco Bay, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA

10. Detail of deck underside, from the Minnesota bank, looking ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. Detail of deck underside, from the Minnesota bank, looking northwest - Enloe Bridge No. 90021, Spanning Red River of North between Minnesota & North Dakota on County State Aid Highway 28, Wolverton, Wilkin County, MN

15. Detail view of connection between vertical posts and deck ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

15. Detail view of connection between vertical posts and deck beam. Jack Boucher, photographer, 1983 - Neshanic Station Lenticular Truss Bridge, State Route 567, spanning South Branch of Raritan River, Neshanic Station, Somerset County, NJ

13. Telephoto view looking east showing center pier and deck ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. Telephoto view looking east showing center pier and deck superstructure. Jet Lowe, photographer, 1983 - Neshanic Station Lenticular Truss Bridge, State Route 567, spanning South Branch of Raritan River, Neshanic Station, Somerset County, NJ

Detail of metal caisson and decking system on pony truss ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail of metal caisson and decking system on pony truss span. From navy land. Looking southeast. - Naval Supply Annex Stockton, Daggett Road Bridge, Daggett Road traversing Burns Cut Off, Stockton, San Joaquin County, CA

Design of footbridge with double curvature made of UHPC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kněž, P.; Tej, P.; Čítek, D.; Kolísko, J.

2017-09-01

This paper presents design of footbridge with double curvature made of UHPC. The structure is designed as a single-span bridge. The span of the bridge is 10.00 m, and the width of the deck is 1.50 m. The thickness of shell structure is 0.03 m for walls and 0.045 m for deck. The main structure of the bridge is one arch shell structure with sidewalls made of UHPC with dispersed steel fibers with conventional reinforcement only at anchoring areas. The structure was designed on the basis of the numerical model. Model was subsequently clarified on the basis of the first test elements. Paper presents detailed course on design of the bridge and presentation will contain also installation in landscape and results of static and dynamic loading tests.

Application of Composite Structures in Bridge Engineering. Problems of Construction Process and Strength Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Flaga, Kazimierz; Furtak, Kazimierz

2015-03-01

Steel-concrete composite structures have been used in bridge engineering from decades. This is due to rational utilisation of the strength properties of the two materials. At the same time, the reinforced concrete (or prestressed) deck slab is more favourable than the orthotropic steel plate used in steel bridges (higher mass, better vibration damping, longer life). The most commonly found in practice are composite girder bridges, particularly in highway bridges of small and medium spans, but the spans may reach over 200 m. In larger spans steel truss girders are applied. Bridge composite structures are also employed in cable-stayed bridge decks of the main girder spans of the order of 600, 800 m. The aim of the article is to present the cionstruction process and strength analysis problems concerning of this type of structures. Much attention is paid to the design and calculation of the shear connectors characteristic for the discussed objects. The authors focused mainly on the issues of single composite structures. The effect of assembly states on the stresses and strains in composite members are highlighted. A separate part of problems is devoted to the influence of rheological factors, i.e. concrete shrinkage and creep, as well as thermal factors on the stresses and strains and redistribution of internal forces.

6. DETAIL VIEW OF SINGLE PANEL POINTS TAKEN FROM BRIDGE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

6. DETAIL VIEW OF SINGLE PANEL POINTS TAKEN FROM BRIDGE DECK, SHOWING CONNECTION BETWEEN VERTICAL AND UPPER CHORD MEMBER. - White Bowstring Arch Truss Bridge, Spanning Yellow Creek at Cemetery Drive (Riverside Drive), Poland, Mahoning County, OH

13. VIEW OF DECK TRUSS FROM BELOW. BRIGHT SUN IS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. VIEW OF DECK TRUSS FROM BELOW. BRIGHT SUN IS PROJECTING SHADOWS FROM AUTO TRAFFIC ONTO WESTERN PIER. - Northampton Street Bridge, Spanning Delaware River at Northampton Street (U.S. Route 22 Alternate), Easton, Northampton County, PA

15. View to northeast. View along centerline from below deck; ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

15. View to northeast. View along centerline from below deck; detail of bent and floor beams. (65mm lens) - South Fork Trinity River Bridge, State Highway 299 spanning South Fork Trinity River, Salyer, Trinity County, CA

9. DETAIL OF PRATT DECK TRUSS, AND NORTH PORTAL OF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

9. DETAIL OF PRATT DECK TRUSS, AND NORTH PORTAL OF PENNSYLVANIA PETIT TRUSS WITH CONCRETE SUPPORTING PIER, LOOKING SOUTHWEST - James Bethel Gresham Memorial Bridge, Spanning Green Pond River at Kentucky Route 81, Calhoun, McLean County, KY

Vertical electrical impedance evaluation of asphalt overlays on concrete bridge decks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baxter, Jared S.; Guthrie, W. Spencer; Waters, Tenli; Barton, Jeffrey D.; Mazzeo, Brian A.

2018-04-01

Vertical electrical impedance scanning of concrete bridge decks is a non-destructive method for quantifying the degree of protection provided to steel reinforcement against the ingress of corrosive agents. Four concrete bridge decks with asphalt overlays in northern Utah were evaluated using scanning vertical electrical impedance measurements in this study. At the time of testing, the bridges ranged in age from 21 to 34 years, and asphalt overlays had been in place for 7 to 22 years, depending on the bridge. Electrical impedance measurements were collected using a previously constructed apparatus that consisted of six probes spanning a transverse distance of 12 ft. The impedance measurements were compared to surface cracking observations and cores obtained from the same four bridge decks. The results presented in this paper demonstrate the utility of scanning vertical electrical impedance measurements for detecting cracks in asphalt overlays and quantifying their severity. In addition, the results demonstrate the sensitivity of impedance measurements to the presence of an intact membrane beneath the asphalt overlay.

Bridge Deck Runoff: Water Quality Analysis and BMP Effectiveness

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-12-01

The Alaska Department of Transportation (ADOT) is responsible for more than 700 bridges - most span water bodies. Are these water bodies affected by stormwater runoff from ADOT bridges? What are the regulatory and economic constraints on the ADOT reg...

Photographic copy of circa 1934 black and white aerial photograph. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photographic copy of circa 1934 black and white aerial photograph. Loose in oversized box located at the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Archives Center, Work and Industry Division, Washington, D.C. Original Photographer unknown. CIRCA 1934 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN FROM EAST BANK LOOKING SOUTH TOWARD WEST BANK SHOWING COMPLETED BRIDGE PIERS AND DECK TRUSS BETWEEN PIERS C, B, AND V. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

Wind tunnel test of musi VI bridge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Permata, Robby; Andika, Matza Gusto; Syariefatunnisa, Risdhiawan, Eri; Hermawan, Budi; Noordiana, Indra

2017-11-01

Musi VI Bridge is planned to cross the Musi River in Palembang City, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The main span is a steel arch type with 200 m length and side span length is 75 m. Finite element analysis results showed that the bridge has frequency ratio for torsional and heaving mode (torsional frequency/heaving frequency)=1.14. This close to unity value rises concern about aerodynamic behaviour and stability of the bridge deck under wind loading. Sectional static and free vibration wind tunnel test were performed to clarify this phenomena in B2TA3 facility in Serpong, Indonesia. The test followed the draft of Guide of Wind Tunnel Test for Bridges developed by Indonesian Ministry of Public Works. Results from wind tunnel testing show that the bridge is safe from flutter instability and no coupled motion vibration observed. Therefore, low value of frequency ratio has no effect to aerodynamic behaviour of the bridge deck. Vortex-induced vibration in heaving mode occurred in relatively low wind velocity with permissible maximum amplitude value.

DETAIL OF VERTICAL AT PANEL OVER PIER C, SHOWING DECK, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL OF VERTICAL AT PANEL OVER PIER C, SHOWING DECK, GUARDRAIL, VERTICAL AND UPPER CHORD, VIEW TO NORTHEAST. - Blue Water Bridge, Spanning St. Clair River at I-69, I-94, & Canadian Route 402, Port Huron, St. Clair County, MI

Wind effects on long-span bridges: Probabilistic wind data format for buffeting and VIV load assessments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoffmann, K.; Srouji, R. G.; Hansen, S. O.

2017-12-01

The technology development within the structural design of long-span bridges in Norwegian fjords has created a need for reformulating the calculation format and the physical quantities used to describe the properties of wind and the associated wind-induced effects on bridge decks. Parts of a new probabilistic format describing the incoming, undisturbed wind is presented. It is expected that a fixed probabilistic format will facilitate a more physically consistent and precise description of the wind conditions, which in turn increase the accuracy and considerably reduce uncertainties in wind load assessments. Because the format is probabilistic, a quantification of the level of safety and uncertainty in predicted wind loads is readily accessible. A simple buffeting response calculation demonstrates the use of probabilistic wind data in the assessment of wind loads and responses. Furthermore, vortex-induced fatigue damage is discussed in relation to probabilistic wind turbulence data and response measurements from wind tunnel tests.

Level II scour analysis for Bridge 28 (BRNATH00660028) on Town Highway 66, crossing Locust Creek, Barnard, Vermont

USGS Publications Warehouse

Severence, Timothy

1997-01-01

The Town Highway 66 crossing of the Locust Creek is a 41-ft-long, one-lane bridge consisting of a 39 ft steel stringer type bridge with a concrete deck (Vermont Agency of Transportation, written communication, August 24, 1994). The clear span is 36.8 ft. The bridge is supported by vertical, concrete abutments with wingwalls. The upstream right wingwall is protected by stone fill. The channel is skewed approximately 10 degrees to the opening while the opening-skew-to-roadway is 0 degrees. Additional details describing conditions at the site are included in the Level II Summary and Appendices D and E.

Highly accelerated lifetime for externally applied bond critical fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) infrastructure materials : [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) uses fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites to repair bridges and strengthen bridge decks. Proven mechanical characteristics make FRP composites cost-effective in extending the life span of bridges o...

27. VIEW NORTHWEST FROM DECKING ON SOUTHEAST CORNER OF PIVOT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

27. VIEW NORTHWEST FROM DECKING ON SOUTHEAST CORNER OF PIVOT PIER, DRIVE SYSTEM FOR SWING-SPAN INCLUDES: (from left to right) WEDGE DRIVE GEAR BOX, SHAFTS TO WEDGE DRIVE DRIVE, WEDGE DRIVE CRANK SHAFTS, ELECTRIC MOTOR, INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER GASOLINE ENGINE, CONTROL RODS FOR STARTING AND CHOKING ENGINE, PIVOT (bottom center), AND TRACK ON CONCRETE PIER - Tipers Bridge, Spanning Great Wicomico River at State Route 200, Kilmarnock, Lancaster County, VA

Wind Tunnel Measurements for Flutter of a Long-Afterbody Bridge Deck

PubMed Central

Chen, Zeng-Shun; Zhang, Cheng; Wang, Xu; Ma, Cun-Ming

2017-01-01

Bridges are an important component of transportation. Flutter is a self-excited, large amplitude vibration, which may lead to collapse of bridges. It must be understood and avoided. This paper takes the Jianghai Channel Bridge, which is a significant part of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, as an example to investigate the flutter of the bridge deck. Firstly, aerodynamic force models for flutter of bridges were introduced. Then, wind tunnel tests of the bridge deck during the construction and the operation stages, under different wind attack angles and wind velocities, were carried out using a high frequency base balance (HFBB) system and laser displacement sensors. From the tests, the static aerodynamic forces and flutter derivatives of the bridge deck were observed. Correspondingly, the critical flutter wind speeds of the bridge deck were determined based on the derivatives, and they are compared with the directly measured flutter speeds. Results show that the observed derivatives are reasonable and applicable. Furthermore, the critical wind speeds in the operation stage is smaller than those in the construction stage. Besides, the flutter instabilities of the bridge in the construction and the operation stages are good. This study helps guarantee the design and the construction of the Jianghai Channel Bridge, and advances the understanding of flutter of long afterbody bridge decks. PMID:28208773

Wind Tunnel Measurements for Flutter of a Long-Afterbody Bridge Deck.

PubMed

Chen, Zeng-Shun; Zhang, Cheng; Wang, Xu; Ma, Cun-Ming

2017-02-09

Bridges are an important component of transportation. Flutter is a self-excited, large amplitude vibration, which may lead to collapse of bridges. It must be understood and avoided. This paper takes the Jianghai Channel Bridge, which is a significant part of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, as an example to investigate the flutter of the bridge deck. Firstly, aerodynamic force models for flutter of bridges were introduced. Then, wind tunnel tests of the bridge deck during the construction and the operation stages, under different wind attack angles and wind velocities, were carried out using a high frequency base balance (HFBB) system and laser displacement sensors. From the tests, the static aerodynamic forces and flutter derivatives of the bridge deck were observed. Correspondingly, the critical flutter wind speeds of the bridge deck were determined based on the derivatives, and they are compared with the directly measured flutter speeds. Results show that the observed derivatives are reasonable and applicable. Furthermore, the critical wind speeds in the operation stage is smaller than those in the construction stage. Besides, the flutter instabilities of the bridge in the construction and the operation stages are good. This study helps guarantee the design and the construction of the Jianghai Channel Bridge, and advances the understanding of flutter of long afterbody bridge decks.

Investigation of negative moment reinforcing in bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-09-01

Multi-span pre-tensioned pre-stressed concrete beam (PPCB) bridges made continuous usually experience a negative live load : moment region over the intermediate supports. Conventional thinking dictates that sufficient reinforcement must be provided i...

13. Looking north, from the southern approach to the bridge. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. Looking north, from the southern approach to the bridge. The bridge deck, which is concrete with several patch coats of asphalt (now chiefly gravel and some turf), demonstrates a sharp gradient from the abutment to the bridge center line. - Vigo County Bridge No. 139, Spanning Sugar Creek at Seventy-fourth Place, Terre Haute, Vigo County, IN

9. View to northeast. Oblique view of upstream side of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

9. View to northeast. Oblique view of upstream side of bridge from approximately deck level. (90mm lens) - South Fork Trinity River Bridge, State Highway 299 spanning South Fork Trinity River, Salyer, Trinity County, CA

26. Photograph of a photograph in possession of Rock Island ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

26. Photograph of a photograph in possession of Rock Island Arsenal Historical Office. SERIES OF VIEWS BEFORE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCK AND DAM, SHOWING RAIL BED ON UPPER DECK (UPPER LEFT), SWING SPAN IN ROTATION (UPPER RIGHT), EAST ELEVATION OF SWING SPAN AND BALTIMORE TRUSSES (CENTER), VEHICULAR ROADWAY ON LOWER DECK (LOWER LEFT), AND DRAW PIER. ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED 1898. - Rock Island Arsenal, Rock Island Bridge, Fort Armstrong Avenue, Rock Island, Rock Island County, IL

T-section glulam timber bridge modules : modeling and performance

Treesearch

Paul A. Morgan; Steven E. Taylor; Michael A. Ritter; John M. Franklin

1999-01-01

This paper describes the design, modeling, and testing of two portable timber bridges, each consisting of two noninterconnected longitudinal glued-laminated timber (glulam) deck panels 1.8 m (6 ft) wide. One bridge is 12.2 m (40 ft) long while the other bridge is 10.7 m (35 ft) long. The deck panels are fabricated in a unique double-tee cross section. The bridges...

Field demonstration of new bridge approach slab designs and performance : [research project capsule].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-10-01

A normal bridge approach slab in Louisiana is a reinforced concrete slab. It connects : the bridge deck to the adjacent paved roadway. Its intended functions are: : 1. To span the void that may develop below the slab due to soil erosion or : embankme...

Constitutive and numerical modeling of soil and soil-pile interaction for 3D applications and Kealakaha stream bridge case study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-12-01

This study is concerned with developing new modeling tools for predicting the response of the new Kealakaha : Stream Bridge to static and dynamic loads, including seismic shaking. The bridge will span 220 meters, with the : deck structure being curve...

4. View to westsouthwest. Oblique view of upstream side of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. View to west-southwest. Oblique view of upstream side of bridge from approximately deck level. (90mm lens) - South Fork Trinity River Bridge, State Highway 299 spanning South Fork Trinity River, Salyer, Trinity County, CA

Field Investigation of a Strengthened Timber Trestle Railroad Bridge

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-06-01

A three-span, open-deck timber trestle railroad bridge had been previously field load tested. The prior testing program was done in cooperation with the Transportation Technology Center, Inc. a subsidiary of the Association of American Railroads. The...

Investigation of negative moment reinforcing in bridge decks : [tech transfer summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-09-01

Multi-span pre-tensioned pre-stressed concrete beam (PPCB) bridges made : continuous, for live loads, usually may experience a negative total moment : over the intermediate supports, which this research investigated as part of an : investigation into...

Super-bridges suspended over carbon nanotube cables

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carpinteri, Alberto; Pugno, Nicola M.

2008-11-01

In this paper the new concept of 'super-bridges', i.e. kilometre-long bridges suspended over carbon nanotube cables, is introduced. The analysis shows that the use of realistic (thus defective) carbon nanotube bundles as suspension cables can enlarge the current limit main span by a factor of ~3. Too large compliance and dynamic self-excited resonances could be avoided by additional strands, rendering the super-bridge anchored as a spider's cobweb. As an example, we have computed the limit main spans of the current existing 19 suspended-deck bridges longer than 1 km assuming them to have substituted their cables with carbon nanotube bundles (thus maintaining the same geometry, with the exception of the length) finding spans of up to ~6.3 km. We thus suggest that the design of the Messina bridge in Italy, which would require a main span of ~3.3 km, could benefit from the use of carbon nanotube bundles. We believe that their use represents a feasible and economically convenient solution. The plausibility of these affirmations is confirmed by a statistical analysis of the existing 100 longest suspended bridges, which follow a Zipf's law with an exponent of 1.1615: we have found a Moore-like (i.e. exponential) law, in which the doubling of the capacity (here the main span) per year is substituted by the factor 1.0138. Such a law predicts that the realization of the Messina bridge using conventional materials will only occur around the middle of the present century, whereas it could be expected in the near future if carbon nanotube bundles were used. A simple cost analysis concludes the paper.

Structural health monitoring of Lindquist bridge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sargent, D. D.; Murison, E. R.; Bakht, B.; Mufti, A. A.

2007-04-01

Many forestry bridges in Canada are typically single-lane, single span structures with two steel plate girders and a deck comprising of precast reinforced concrete panels. The concept of arching in deck slabs was utilized in the steel-free precast panels used in the Lindquist Bridge in British Columbia, Canada. The panels were completely devoid of tensile reinforcement and transverse confinement to the panels was provided by external steel straps. After the bridge was constructed in 1998, electrical strain gauges were installed on the girders and straps. Static and dynamic load tests were performed. The cracks on the top and bottom of the deck were mapped in 1999 and 2003. In 2006, a load test and crack mapping were performed on the bridge. The strain readings in the straps were compared with the data obtained 8 years prior. After analysis of the strain gauge readings, conclusions were drawn on the performance of the bridge. The cracks were formed to accommodate arching action and it was concluded that the bridge is still performing as it was designed.

7. View showing placement of timber deck placement on chord ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

7. View showing placement of timber deck placement on chord and built up construction of top chord and continuous construction through top panel points, eye bar construction on bottom chord - Bridge No. 2.4, Spanning Boiling Fork Creek at Railroad Milepost JC-2.4, Decherd, Franklin County, TN

8. LOOKING DUE NORTH FROM THE SOUTH BANK, A VIEW ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8. LOOKING DUE NORTH FROM THE SOUTH BANK, A VIEW OF THE NORTH ABUTMENT AND THE UNDERSIDE OF THE BRIDGE DECK. - Wells County Bridge No. 74, Spanning Rock Creek Ditch at County Road 400, Bluffton, Wells County, IN

Effects of wet mat curing time and earlier loading on long-term durability of bridge decks : compressive strength, maturity and strength durability index (SDI).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

There is increasing pressure from owners, contractors, and the public to open bridge decks sooner to full : traffic loads. As a result, a set of criteria or guidelines is needed to determine when concrete bridge decks can : safely be opened. Today, c...

15. DETAIL OF UNDERSIDE OF BRIDGE, SHOWING LONGITUDINAL STRINGERS SUPPORTING ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

15. DETAIL OF UNDERSIDE OF BRIDGE, SHOWING LONGITUDINAL STRINGERS SUPPORTING WOODEN DECK AND RESTING ON TRANSVERSE FLOOR BEAMS. DIAGONAL EYE BARS FOR REINFORCEMENT ARE SEEN AT CENTER; VIEW FROM SOUTH BANK. - Mitchell's Mill Bridge, Spanning Winter's Run on Carrs Mill Road, west of Bel Air, Bel Air, Harford County, MD

Assessment and maintenance of a 15 year old stress-laminated timber bridge

Treesearch

T. Russell Gentry; Karl N. Brohammer; John Wells; James P. Wacker

2006-01-01

A timber bridge consisting of three 6.7 meter spans with a stress laminated deck was constructed in 1991 in the Spirit Creek State Forest near August, Georgia, USA. The stress laminated bridge uses a series of post-tensioning bars to hold the laminations together. The bridge remained in service until 2001 with no maintenance, at which time the bridge was inspected,...

Mujarrah Canal Bridge, Ramadi, Iraq

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-07-14

eastern span (Span No. 1) of the structure. The detonation caused damage to the pier cap (the beam across the column top) of Bent No. 1 and post-tensioned...damage to the existing bridge, the temporary jacking and support of the existing structure, construction of the post-tensioned concrete beams and...placed directly onto the precast -concrete pans; and vertical offsets between the individual precast -concrete deck pans. Also, SIGIR identified

Estimating bridge stiffness using a forced-vibration technique for timber bridge health monitoring

Treesearch

James P. Wacker; Xiping Wang; Brian Brashaw; Robert J. Ross

2006-01-01

This paper describes an effort to refine a global dynamic testing technique for evaluating the overall stiffness of timber bridge superstructures. A forced vibration method was used to measure the frequency response of several simple-span, sawn timber beam (with plank deck) bridges located in St. Louis County, Minnesota. Static load deflections were also measured to...

PERSPECTIVE WITH WEST PORTAL. THE BRIDGE IS CLAD IN HORIZONTAL ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

PERSPECTIVE WITH WEST PORTAL. THE BRIDGE IS CLAD IN HORIZONTAL CLAPBOARD SIDING AND HAS A SHEET METAL ROOF. NOTE THE TWO OPENINGS THAT RUN THE LENGTH OF THE BRIDGE; ONE IS AT THE EAVES AND THE OTHER IS ABOUT 4’ ABOVE THE DECK. - Dreibelbis Station Bridge, Spanning Maiden Creek, Balthaser Road (TR 745), Lenhartsville, Berks County, PA

12. Credit JTL: Detail view, two panels at north end ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

12. Credit JTL: Detail view, two panels at north end of western truss from bridge deck, showing end panel details; cast iron end post is missing - Reading-Halls Station Bridge, U.S. Route 220, spanning railroad near Halls Station, Muncy, Lycoming County, PA

Photographic copy of circa, 1934 black and white photograph. Loose ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photographic copy of circa, 1934 black and white photograph. Loose in oversized box located at the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Archives Center, Work and Industry Division, Washington, D.C. Original Photographer unknown. DECK TRUSS UNDER CONSTRUCTION BETWEEN PIERS C, B, AND V TAKEN AT GROUND LEVEL FROM EAST BANK. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

300. Frank Deras Jr., Photographer June 1998 VIEW OF THROUGH ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

300. Frank Deras Jr., Photographer June 1998 VIEW OF THROUGH TRUSS AND DECK TRUSS SPANS AT PIERS E-8 THROUGH E-l 1, SOUTH SIDE, FACING NORTH-NORTHEAST. - San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge, Spanning San Francisco Bay, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA

A loading study of older highway bridges in Virginia. Pt. 2, Concrete slab and steel beam bridge in Clarke County.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1976-01-01

A 60-foot non-composite steel beam and concrete deck highway bridge span over the Shenandoah River on Route 7 in Clarke County was tested with a 23-ton, tandem axle test vehicle in July1975. Strain gages were placed near midspan on the lower flanges,...

Composite action in a steel girder span with precast deck panels : the I-81 bridge over the New River in Radford, Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-01-01

Two parallel bridges carry I-81 north and south over the New River in southwest Virginia, near the city of Radford. The bridges are identical in design and have been in place since 1985. In recent years, a number of maintenance issues have been repor...

15. 'Concrete Bridge Over Salt River, Port Kenyon, Humboldt County, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

15. 'Concrete Bridge Over Salt River, Port Kenyon, Humboldt County, California, A.J. Logan, County Surveyor, H.J. Brunnier, Consulting Engineer, March 7, 1919,' showing general plan, plan of top chord, elevation of main girder, transverse section, plan section at deck level. - Salt River Bridge, Spanning Salt River at Dillon Road, Ferndale, Humboldt County, CA

8” x 10” black and white photographic print made from ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8” x 10” black and white photographic print made from original 1935, 8” x 10” black and white photographic negative. New 4” x 5” archival negative made from print. Original photographer unknown. Original 8” x 10” negative located in the files of the New Orleans Public Belt Railroad administrative offices at 5100 Jefferson Highway, Jefferson, LA 70123. OCTOBER 7, 1935 PHOTOGRAPH NO. 145 OF CONTRACT NO. 4 SHOWING ERECTION OF 330 FOOT DECK SPAN. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

LOOKING EAST. View is to the northeast along centerline of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

LOOKING EAST. View is to the northeast along centerline of deck, looking from Humboldt County toward Trinity County. The old suspension bridge is still in place at right - South Fork Trinity River Bridge, State Highway 299 spanning South Fork Trinity River, Salyer, Trinity County, CA

9. Photocopy of photograph (original print at Riverside Library, Local ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

9. Photocopy of photograph (original print at Riverside Library, Local History Collection), photographer unknown, October 1916. FORMER 'VICTORIA BRIDGE' (HOWE DECK TRUSS SUPPORTED BY TRESTLE) LOOKING SOUTHWEST, SHOWING STREETCAR AND THATCH-ROOFED, CANTILEVERED PEDESTRIAN PLATFORM - Victoria Bridge, Spanning Tequesquite Arroyo, Riverside, Riverside County, CA

21. View of endlift slide on pedestal and threaded shaft ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

21. View of end-lift slide on pedestal and threaded shaft with level gears. Curved deck joint at underside of roadway deck is seen, as well as submarine electrical cables resting on the masonry pier. (Nov. 30, 1988) - University Heights Bridge, Spanning Harlem River at 207th Street & West Harlem Road, New York County, NY

Development of early age shrinkage stresses in reinforced concrete bridge decks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

William, Gergis W.; Shoukry, Samir N.; Riad, Mourad Y.

2008-12-01

This paper describes the instrumentation and data analysis of a reinforced concrete bridge deck constructed on 3-span continuous steel girders in Evansville, West Virginia. An instrumentation system consisting of 232 sensors is developed and implemented specifically to measure strains and temperature in concrete deck, strains in longitudinal and transverse rebars, the overall contraction and expansion of concrete deck, and crack openings. Data from all sensors are automatically collected every 30 minutes starting at the time of placing the concrete deck. Measured strain and temperature time-histories were used to calculate the stresses, which were processed to attenuate the thermal effects due to daily temperature changes and isolate the drying shrinkage component. The results indicated that most of concrete shrinkage occurs during the first three days. Under the constraining effects from stay-in-place forms and reinforcement, early age shrinkage leads to elevated longitudinal stress, which is the main factor responsible for crack initiation.

Field verification for the effectiveness of continuity diaphragms for skewed continuous P/C P/S concrete girder bridges : tech summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-10-01

The majority of highway bridges are built as cast-in-place reinforced concrete slabs and prestressed concrete : girders. The simple-span precast, prestressed concrete girders made continuous through cast-in-place decks : and diaphragms have been wide...

3. VIEW TO NORTHEAST, NORTH SIDE OF CENTER DRUM MACHINERY ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

3. VIEW TO NORTHEAST, NORTH SIDE OF CENTER DRUM MACHINERY ROOM. MOTOR #1 COMPARTMENT IN REAR, AUXILIARY MOTOR DRIVE SHAFT, POWER PANELS ON BACK OF AUXILIARY MOTOR HOUSE. BRIDGE DECK FRAMING ABOVE. - Burlington Northern Railroad Bridge, Spanning Willamette River at River Mile 6.9, Portland, Multnomah County, OR

Field performance of timber bridges. 15, Pueblo County, Colorado, stress-laminated deck bridge

Treesearch

L. E. Hislop

The Pueblo County 204B bridge was constructed in March 1990 in Pueblo, Colorado, as a demonstration bridge under the USDA Forest Service Timber Bridge Initiative. The stress-laminated deck superstructure is approximately 10 m long, 9 m wide, and 406 mm deep, with a skew of 10 degrees. Performance monitoring was conducted for 3 years, beginning at...

58. MISSISSIPPI, NOXUBEE CO. MACON MAHORNER'S BRIDGE, 1884, Ms. 14, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

58. MISSISSIPPI, NOXUBEE CO. MACON MAHORNER'S BRIDGE, 1884, Ms. 14, E 6.5 mi. to McLeod, 4.5 miles S on McLeod-Shuqualak road. Mahorner's bridge (1884). Lower panel point, west span. View is at right-angles to the bridge and from below deck level. show pin connection, floor beams, and stringers. Sarcone Photography, Columbus, Ms. Sep 1978. - Bridges of the Upper Tombigbee River Valley, Columbus, Lowndes County, MS

11. VIEW, LOOKING SOUTHEAST, ALONG CENTERLINE FROM SOUTH CANTILEVER TOWARD ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. VIEW, LOOKING SOUTHEAST, ALONG CENTERLINE FROM SOUTH CANTILEVER TOWARD TOWARD NORTH PORTAL. Note vertical displacement in deck caused by partial collapse at point of connection between south cantilever arm and suspended span. - Smith River Bridge, CA State Highway 199 Spanning Smith River, Crescent City, Del Norte County, CA

14. A MEDIUM CLOSEUP VIEW OF THE NORTHWEST END OF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

14. A MEDIUM CLOSE-UP VIEW OF THE NORTHWEST END OF THE BRIDGE, LOOKING SOUTH, SHOWING THE RAIL PROFILE, THE CAST DATE, AND A PORTION OF THE ANGLED WING WALL. ALSO VISIBLE IS THE JUNCTURE BETWEEN THE CONCRETE BRIDGE DECK AND THE ASPHALT ROAD. - Cement Plant Road Bridge, Spanning Leatherwood Creek on County Road 50 South, Bedford, Lawrence County, IN

26. RAILROAD, RR BRIDGE MISSISSIPPI, CLAY CO., WAVERLY 1.5 mi. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

26. RAILROAD, RR BRIDGE MISSISSIPPI, CLAY CO., WAVERLY 1.5 mi. S of MS. 50 Proposed 218-foot deck, plate-girder turn span, submitted by the Wisconsin Bridge and Iron Co., Milwaukee, Wisc. May 15 1914. Act size: approx. 23x34 in. Credit: columbus and Greenville RR, Columbus, Ms. Sarcone Photography, Columbus, Ms. Sep 1978. - Bridges of the Upper Tombigbee River Valley, Columbus, Lowndes County, MS

Long term striping alternatives for bridge decks : final report, January 2009.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

This study evaluated the performance of the following pavement marking materials on Portland cement concrete bridge decks: Waterborne traffic paint: Ennis fast dry waterborne traffic paint; Thermoplastic: Swarcotherm alkyd; Preformed thermoplastic: P...

5. Downstream elevation, view to southeast. Dark stains on side ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

5. Downstream elevation, view to southeast. Dark stains on side of main girder are from deck drain scuppers, marking deck level within the girders. Compare this view and CA-126-7 to CA-126-19 for indication of severity of siltation of Salt River channel has silted. - Salt River Bridge, Spanning Salt River at Dillon Road, Ferndale, Humboldt County, CA

Golden Gate Bridge response: a study with low-amplitude data from three earthquakes

USGS Publications Warehouse

Çelebi, Mehmet

2012-01-01

The dynamic response of the Golden Gate Bridge, located north of San Francisco, CA, has been studied previously using ambient vibration data and finite element models. Since permanent seismic instrumentation was installed in 1993, only small earthquakes that originated at distances varying between ~11 to 122 km have been recorded. Nonetheless, these records prompted this study of the response of the bridge to low amplitude shaking caused by three earthquakes. Compared to previous ambient vibration studies, the earthquake response data reveal a slightly higher fundamental frequency (shorter-period) for vertical vibration of the bridge deck center span (~7.7–8.3 s versus 8.2–10.6 s), and a much higher fundamental frequency (shorter period) for the transverse direction of the deck (~11.24–16.3 s versus ~18.2 s). In this study, it is also shown that these two periods are dominant apparent periods representing interaction between tower, cable, and deck.

Evaluation and field load testing of timber railroad bridge

Treesearch

Terry J. Wipf; Michael A. Ritter; Douglas L. Wood

2000-01-01

Several spans of a 60-year-old open-deck timber railroad bridge on the Southern Pacific Railroad Line (now the Union Pacific) in Southwest Texas were field tested. The tests were conducted with the sponsorship and cooperation of the Association of American Railroads to determine the vertical live load distribution characteristics of the...

13. A DETAIL VIEW, LOOKING EAST FROM THE WEST SIDE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. A DETAIL VIEW, LOOKING EAST FROM THE WEST SIDE OF THE BRIDGE, OF THE LOWER PIN CONNECTION OF A TYPICAL VERTICAL MEMBER. VISIBLE ARE THE EYEBARS, HANGERS, 'I' SECTION, SWAY BARS AND WOOD DECKING. - Wells County Bridge No. 74, Spanning Rock Creek Ditch at County Road 400, Bluffton, Wells County, IN

31. General view of piers showin 1983 repair resulting in ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

31. General view of piers showin 1983 repair resulting in different deck chord configurations. VIEW NORTHWEST - Chelsea Street Bridge & Draw Tender's House, Spanning Chelsea River, Boston, Suffolk County, MA

UNIDENTIFIED CATENARY SUSPENSION BRIDGE ON RIVETED METAL PIERS, SHOWING HOWE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

UNIDENTIFIED CATENARY SUSPENSION BRIDGE ON RIVETED METAL PIERS, SHOWING HOWE PIPE TRUSS RAILING AND TRUSSED DECK BEAMS TYPICAL TO BRIDGES BUILT BY FLINN-MOYER COMPANY. TRIPODAL PIPE TOWERS RESEMBLE CLEAR FORK OF THE BRAZOS SUSPENSION BRIDGE’S TOWERS PRIOR TO ENCASEMENT IN CONCRETE. NOTE COLLAPSED TRUSS IN RIVER. ELEVATION VIEW. - Clear Fork of Brazos River Suspension Bridge, Spanning Clear Fork of Brazos River at County Route 179, Albany, Shackelford County, TX

Internal curing of high-performance concrete for bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-03-01

High performance concrete (HPC) provides a long lasting, durable concrete that is typically used in bridge decks due to its low permeability, high abrasion resistance, freeze-thaw resistance and strength. However, this type of concrete is highly susc...

Bridge deck concrete volume change : final contract report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-02-01

Concrete structures such as bridge decks, with large surface area relative to volume, shrink and crack, thus reducing service life performance and increasing operation costs. The project evaluated the early, first 24 hours, and long-term, 180 days, s...

30. BEARING SHOE / VERTICAL / DIAGONAL / UPPER AND ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

30. BEARING SHOE / VERTICAL / DIAGONAL / UPPER AND LOWER CHORD DETAIL OF DECK TRUSS. VIEW TO NORTHEAST. - Abraham Lincoln Memorial Bridge, Spanning Missouri River on Highway 30 between Nebraska & Iowa, Blair, Washington County, NE

Algorithms for highway-speed acoustic impact-echo evaluation of concrete bridge decks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mazzeo, Brian A.; Guthrie, W. Spencer

2018-04-01

A new acoustic impact-echo testing device has been developed for detecting and mapping delaminations in concrete bridge decks at highway speeds. The apparatus produces nearly continuous acoustic excitation of concrete bridge decks through rolling mats of chains that are placed around six wheels mounted to a hinged trailer. The wheels approximately span the width of a traffic lane, and the ability to remotely lower and raise the apparatus using a winch system allows continuous data collection without stationary traffic control or exposure of personnel to traffic. Microphones near the wheels are used to record the acoustic response of the bridge deck during testing. In conjunction with the development of this new apparatus, advances in the algorithms required for data analysis were needed. This paper describes the general framework of the algorithms developed for converting differential global positioning system data and multi-channel audio data into maps that can be used in support of engineering decisions about bridge deck maintenance, rehabilitation, and replacement (MR&R). Acquisition of position and audio data is coordinated on a laptop computer through a custom graphical user interface. All of the streams of data are synchronized with the universal computer time so that audio data can be associated with interpolated position information through data post-processing. The audio segments are individually processed according to particular detection algorithms that can adapt to variations in microphone sensitivity or particular chain excitations. Features that are greater than a predetermined threshold, which is held constant throughout the analysis, are then subjected to further analysis and included in a map that shows the results of the testing. Maps of data collected on a bridge deck using the new acoustic impact-echo testing device at different speeds ranging from approximately 10 km/h to 55 km/h indicate that the collected data are reasonably repeatable. Use of the new acoustic impact-echo testing device is expected to enable more informed decisions about MR&R of concrete bridge decks.

Guidelines for design, installation, and maintenance of a waterproof wearing surface for timber bridge decks

Treesearch

Richard E. Weyers; Joseph R. Loferski; J. Daniel Dolan; John E. Haramis; Joseph H. Howard; Lola Hislop

2001-01-01

To enhance long-term timber bridge performance, timber material must be protected from moisture. Wearing surfaces made of asphalt pavement with and without a waterproof membrane have been used to provide protection from moisture on timber decks. This type of wearing surface also protects the deck from other damage while providing a smooth, skid-resistant surface....

CANVAS FINISH TO REMOVE FLOAT MARKS. View is to the ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

CANVAS FINISH TO REMOVE FLOAT MARKS. View is to the northwest of deck finishing operations - South Fork Trinity River Bridge, State Highway 299 spanning South Fork Trinity River, Salyer, Trinity County, CA

14. View to southwest. View through truss along centerline from ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

14. View to southwest. View through truss along centerline from below deck. (65mm lens) - South Fork Trinity River Bridge, State Highway 299 spanning South Fork Trinity River, Salyer, Trinity County, CA

View of south tower looking north. Note inspection team suspended ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of south tower looking north. Note inspection team suspended by basket from crane examining underside of deck at top of picture. - Sidney Lanier Bridge, Spanning Brunswick River, Brunswick, Glynn County, GA

28. VIEW TO NORTHEAST. VIEW OVER TOP OF TRUSS FROM ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

28. VIEW TO NORTHEAST. VIEW OVER TOP OF TRUSS FROM CONTROL CABIN DECK. Photographer unknown, August 1947 (Note that frame for electrical power cables is still in place, though the bridge was converted to hand operation almost ten years earlier.) - Gianella Bridge, Spanning Sacramento River at State Highway 32, Hamilton City, Glenn County, CA

387. D.E.M., Delineator December 1932 STATE OF CALIFORNIA; DEPARTMENT OF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

387. D.E.M., Delineator December 1932 STATE OF CALIFORNIA; DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS; SAN FRANCISCO - OAKLAND BAY BRIDGE; SUPERSTRUCTURE - WEST BAY CROSSING; TOWERS 2, 3, 5 & 6; BRACING DETAILS - LOWER DECK; CONTRACT NO. 6; DRAWING NO. 27 - San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge, Spanning San Francisco Bay, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA

Precision monitoring of bridge deck curvature change during replacement : research summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-05-01

The goal of this project was to introduce a novel method for long term : monitoring of vertical displacement and change in curvature in highway bridge : decks. The method used an array of high precision wireless inclination (tilt) : sensors to consta...

21. 80 foot pony truss view is from the ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

21. 80 foot pony truss - view is from the deck, looking down to the junction of the two pony trusses, showing the top of the lower chord pin connection on top of the replacement pier. Also shown is some deck surface and an electrical conduit. This is typical of the junction of all the pony trusses. - Weidemeyer Bridge, Spanning Thomes Creek at Rawson Road, Corning, Tehama County, CA

Evaluation of an earth heated bridge deck.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1984-04-01

The design, construction, performance and analysis of the first ground heat pipe : system to heat an entire bridge deck are detailed. Each of the sixty heat pipes in : this system is comprised of a 6 em (2.4") diameter, 31 m (lOO')_long vertical grou...

Health monitoring of precast bridge deck panels reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-03-01

The present research project investigates monitoring concrete precast panels for bridge decks that are reinforced with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars. Due to the lack of long term research on concrete members reinforced with GFRP bars, lo...

Bridge deck cracking : effects on in-service performance, prevention, and remediation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-08-01

The main objectives of this project were: (a) to identify the causes of early-age cracking in concrete bridge decks, (b) to provide : recommendations for effective mitigation of early-age cracking, (c) to assess the effect of cracks on the long-term ...

The protection effectiveness of waterproof membrane systems on bridge decks in Louisiana : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-12-01

The effects of de-icing salts on concrete and reinforcing steel is well documented, and efficient methods of protection from the penetrating chloride ions have long been sought. Concrete bridge decks need the protection, and waterproofing the concret...

17. View to west. Detail, connection point L2 (see plans), ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

17. View to west. Detail, connection point L2 (see plans), from below deck. (135mm lens) - South Fork Trinity River Bridge, State Highway 299 spanning South Fork Trinity River, Salyer, Trinity County, CA

7. DETAIL VIEW OF PIN CONNECTION, NORTH WEB, SHOWING FLOOR ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

7. DETAIL VIEW OF PIN CONNECTION, NORTH WEB, SHOWING FLOOR BEANS, STRINGERS, LATTICE BRACING, EYEBARS AND DECKING, LOOKING SOUTH - Four Mile Bridge, Spanning Elk River on County Road 42, Steamboat Springs, Routt County, CO

ROAD BRIDGES IN MINAMI-SANRIKU WASHED AWAY IN THE MARCH 11th 2011 GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aglipay, Mary Roxanne I.; Konagai, Kazuo; Kyokawa, Hiroyuki; Keshab, Sharma

On March 11th, 2011, Minami-Sanriku, located in the northeastern coast of Japan was severely inundated by the tsunami that followed the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011. Road bridges near the coastlines in this area have been extensively damaged with their decks being overturned or carried over long distances. An attempt was made to deduce as rational scenarios as possible before remaining debris was cleaned up. Though the reasons for the washout of bridges can be many and complex, it is to be noted that bridge decks have hollows for the optimum light-weight solution, which fact eventually allowed the bridge decks to be carried over remarkable distances. Poor connection details and cavities, hollows between deck beams, are considered to have facilitated overturning due to uplift forces.

Plans: Poop Deck, Boat Deck, Housetop, Bridge Deck, Upper Bridge ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Plans: Poop Deck, Boat Deck, Housetop, Bridge Deck, Upper Bridge Deck, Navigating Bridge, Forecastle Deck, Upper Deck, Second Deck and Hold - Saugatuck, James River Reserve Fleet, Newport News, Newport News, VA

Stiffness and strength of fiber reinforced polymer composite bridge deck systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Aixi

This research investigates two principal characteristics that are of primary importance in Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bridge deck applications: STIFFNESS and STRENGTH. The research was undertaken by investigating the stiffness and strength characteristics of the multi-cellular FRP bridge deck systems consisting of pultruded FRP shapes. A systematic analysis procedure was developed for the stiffness analysis of multi-cellular FRP deck systems. This procedure uses the Method of Elastic Equivalence to model the cellular deck as an equivalent orthotropic plate. The procedure provides a practical method to predict the equivalent orthotropic plate properties of cellular FRP decks. Analytical solutions for the bending analysis of single span decks were developed using classical laminated plate theory. The analysis procedures can be extended to analyze continuous FRP decks. It can also be further developed using higher order plate theories. Several failure modes of the cellular FRP deck systems were recorded and analyzed through laboratory and field tests and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Two schemes of loading patches were used in the laboratory test: a steel patch made according to the ASSHTO's bridge testing specifications; and a tire patch made from a real truck tire reinforced with silicon rubber. The tire patch was specially designed to simulate service loading conditions by modifying real contact loading from a tire. Our research shows that the effects of the stiffness and contact conditions of loading patches are significant in the stiffness and strength testing of FRP decks. Due to the localization of load, a simulated tire patch yields larger deflection than the steel patch under the same loading level. The tire patch produces significantly different failure compared to the steel patch: a local bending mode with less damage for the tire patch; and a local punching-shear mode for the steel patch. A deck failure function method is proposed for predicting the failure of FRP decks. Using developed laminated composite theories and FEA techniques, a strength analysis procedure containing ply-level information was proposed and detailed for FRP deck systems. The behavior of the deck's unsupported (free) edges was also investigated using ply-level FEA.

16. View to southsouthwest. Detail, connection point U1 (see plans), ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

16. View to south-southwest. Detail, connection point U1 (see plans), from below deck. (135mm lens) - South Fork Trinity River Bridge, State Highway 299 spanning South Fork Trinity River, Salyer, Trinity County, CA

Live Load Response of Short Span Bridges with Parallam(R) Decks

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-01-01

Structural Composite Lumber (SCL) is reconstituted with high grade presorted veneers to enhance properties including higher and more uniform strength and stiffness than conventional lumber. Parallel Strand Lumber (PSL) is mainly constituted of wood s...

Seismic performance evaluation of an historical concrete deck arch bridge using survey and drawing of the damages, in situ tests, dynamic identification and pushover analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bergamo, Otello; Russo, Eleonora; Lodolo, Fabio

2017-07-01

The paper describes the performance evaluation of a retrofit historical multi-span (RC) deck arch bridge analyzed with in situ tests, dynamic identification and FEM analysis. The peculiarity of this case study lies in the structural typology of "San Felice" bridge, an historical concrete arch bridge built in the early 20th century, a quite uncommon feature in Italy. The preservation and retrofit of historic cultural heritage and infrastructures has been carefully analyzed in the international codes governing seismic response. A complete survey of the bridge was carried out prior to sketching a drawing of the existing bridge. Subsequently, the study consists in four steps: material investigation and dynamic vibration tests, FEM analysis and calibration, retrofit assessment, pushover analysis. The aim is to define an innovative approach to calibrate the FEM analysis through modern experimental investigations capable of taking structural deterioration into account, and to offer an appropriate and cost-effective retrofitting strategy.

9. Photocopy of photograph original print located in collection of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

9. Photocopy of photograph original print located in collection of William H. Caruthers, Jr., Richmond, Virginia, and loaned by Susan A. Harter, Tempe, Arizona. Photographer assumed to be William H. Caruthers, Sr., assistant (construction) engineer for the Ash Avenue Bridge, 1912 VIEW OF ASH AVENUE BRIDGE UNDER CONSTRUCTION, LOOKING NORTH, SHOWING STEEL REINFORCEMENT IN DECK BEFORE PLACEMENT OF CONCRETE - Ash Avenue Bridge, Spanning Salt River at Foot of Ash Avenue, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

12. VIEW, LOOKING NORTHWEST, ALONG CENTERLINE FROM NORTH CANTILEVER TOWER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

12. VIEW, LOOKING NORTHWEST, ALONG CENTERLINE FROM NORTH CANTILEVER TOWER TOWARD SOUTH PORTAL. As with previous photo, note vertical displacement in deck. - Smith River Bridge, CA State Highway 199 Spanning Smith River, Crescent City, Del Norte County, CA

346. Caltrans, Photographer July 8, 1935 "PIER El"; VIEW OF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

346. Caltrans, Photographer July 8, 1935 "PIER E-l"; VIEW OF PIER E-I, DECK TRUSS, AND CANTILEVER TRUSS ANCHOR ARM UNDER CONSTRUCTION. 5-1583 - San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge, Spanning San Francisco Bay, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA

236. Frank Deras Jr., Photographer May 1998 AERIAL VIEW OF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

236. Frank Deras Jr., Photographer May 1998 AERIAL VIEW OF DECK TRUSS AT YERBA BUENA ISLAND, SOUTH SIDE, WITH TREASURE ISLAND IN BACKGROUND, FACING NORTH NORTHWEST. - San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge, Spanning San Francisco Bay, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA

238. Frank Deras Jr., Photographer May 1998 AERIAL VIEW OF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

238. Frank Deras Jr., Photographer May 1998 AERIAL VIEW OF DECK TRUSS AT YERBA BUENA ISLAND, SOUTH SIDE, WITH TREASURE ISLAND IN BACKGROUND, FACING NORTHWEST. - San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge, Spanning San Francisco Bay, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA

Recent research and applications of numerical simulation for dynamic response of long-span bridges subjected to multiple loads.

PubMed

Chen, Zhiwei; Chen, Bo

2014-01-01

Many long-span bridges have been built throughout the world in recent years but they are often subject to multiple types of dynamic loads, especially those located in wind-prone regions and carrying both trains and road vehicles. To ensure the safety and functionality of these bridges, dynamic responses of long-span bridges are often required for bridge assessment. Given that there are several limitations for the assessment based on field measurement of dynamic responses, a promising approach is based on numerical simulation technologies. This paper provides a detailed review of key issues involved in dynamic response analysis of long-span multiload bridges based on numerical simulation technologies, including dynamic interactions between running trains and bridge, between running road vehicles and bridge, and between wind and bridge, and in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupled system. Then a comprehensive review is conducted for engineering applications of newly developed numerical simulation technologies to safety assessment of long-span bridges, such as assessment of fatigue damage and assessment under extreme events. Finally, the existing problems and promising research efforts for the numerical simulation technologies and their applications to assessment of long-span multiload bridges are explored.

Recent Research and Applications of Numerical Simulation for Dynamic Response of Long-Span Bridges Subjected to Multiple Loads

PubMed Central

Chen, Zhiwei; Chen, Bo

2014-01-01

Many long-span bridges have been built throughout the world in recent years but they are often subject to multiple types of dynamic loads, especially those located in wind-prone regions and carrying both trains and road vehicles. To ensure the safety and functionality of these bridges, dynamic responses of long-span bridges are often required for bridge assessment. Given that there are several limitations for the assessment based on field measurement of dynamic responses, a promising approach is based on numerical simulation technologies. This paper provides a detailed review of key issues involved in dynamic response analysis of long-span multiload bridges based on numerical simulation technologies, including dynamic interactions between running trains and bridge, between running road vehicles and bridge, and between wind and bridge, and in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupled system. Then a comprehensive review is conducted for engineering applications of newly developed numerical simulation technologies to safety assessment of long-span bridges, such as assessment of fatigue damage and assessment under extreme events. Finally, the existing problems and promising research efforts for the numerical simulation technologies and their applications to assessment of long-span multiload bridges are explored. PMID:25006597

Statistical Analysis of Stress Signals from Bridge Monitoring by FBG System.

PubMed

Ye, Xiao-Wei; Su, You-Hua; Xi, Pei-Sen

2018-02-07

In this paper, a fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based stress monitoring system instrumented on an orthotropic steel deck arch bridge is demonstrated. The FBG sensors are installed at two types of critical fatigue-prone welded joints to measure the strain and temperature signals. A total of 64 FBG sensors are deployed around the rib-to-deck and rib-to-diagram areas at the mid-span and quarter-span of the investigated orthotropic steel bridge. The local stress behaviors caused by the highway loading and temperature effect during the construction and operation periods are presented with the aid of a wavelet multi-resolution analysis approach. In addition, the multi-modal characteristic of the rainflow counted stress spectrum is modeled by the method of finite mixture distribution together with a genetic algorithm (GA)-based parameter estimation approach. The optimal probability distribution of the stress spectrum is determined by use of Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Furthermore, the hot spot stress of the welded joint is calculated by an extrapolation method recommended in the specification of International Institute of Welding (IIW). The stochastic characteristic of stress concentration factor (SCF) of the concerned welded joint is addressed. The proposed FBG-based stress monitoring system and probabilistic stress evaluation methods can provide an effective tool for structural monitoring and condition assessment of orthotropic steel bridges.

Deployment of a Smart Structural Health Monitoring System for Long-Span Arch Bridges: A Review and a Case Study

PubMed Central

Chen, Zengshun; Zhou, Xiao; Wang, Xu; Dong, Lili; Qian, Yuanhao

2017-01-01

Structural health monitoring (SHM) technology for surveillance and evaluation of existing and newly built long-span bridges has been widely developed, and the significance of the technique has been recognized by many administrative authorities. The paper reviews the recent progress of the SHM technology that has been applied to long-span bridges. The deployment of a SHM system is introduced. Subsequently, the data analysis and condition assessment including techniques on modal identification, methods on signal processing, and damage identification were reviewed and summarized. A case study about a SHM system of a long-span arch bridge (the Jiubao bridge in China) was systematically incorporated in each part to advance our understanding of deployment and investigation of a SHM system for long-span arch bridges. The applications of SHM systems of long-span arch bridge were also introduced. From the illustrations, the challenges and future trends for development a SHM system were concluded. PMID:28925943

Long-term performance monitoring of hardwood timber bridges in Pennsylvania

Treesearch

James P. Wacker; Carlito Calil; Lola E. Hislop; Paula D. Hilbrich Lee; James A. Kainz

2004-01-01

Several hardwood timber bridges were constructed in Pennsylvania during the early 1990s. This report summarizes the long-term field performance of seven stress-laminated deck bridges over a 4-year period beginning August 1997 and ending July 2001. Data collected include lumber moisture content, static load test deflection measurements, and bridge condition assessments...

A field investigation of a concrete overlay containing silica fume on Route 50 over Opequon Creek.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1993-01-01

This study evaluated concretes containing silica fume for use in overlays as a suitable alternative to the widely used latex-modified concrete (LMC). A two-lane, four-span bridge deck was overlaid with concrete containing silica fume at 7 percent or ...

30. Photocopy of blueprint. PLAN, ELEVATION, END SECTION, DETAIL OF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

30. Photocopy of blueprint. PLAN, ELEVATION, END SECTION, DETAIL OF DECK SYSTEM AND LOAD COMPUTATION. Preparer unknown, date unknown, but probably ca. 1932. (Original in possession of the Washington County Highway Department.) - Hegeman-Hill Street Bridge, Spanning Batten Kill, .65 mile West of Greenwich, Easton, Washington County, NY

Hydraulic analysis, Paint Creek at State Route 772, Chillicothe, Ohio

USGS Publications Warehouse

Mayo, R.I.; Bartlett, W.P.

1981-01-01

The Ohio Department of Transportation, Division of Highways, proposes to replace a three-span arch, bridge across Paint Creek on South Paint Street in Chillicothe, Ohio with a new deck-type structure resting on four sets of piles and four piers. Profiles of the 10-, 25-, 50- and 100-year floods under present conditions and under conditions modified by constructions of the new bridge are presented in this report. The results indicate that the construction of the new bridge will not cause significant changes in the flood profiles or the areas inundated.

8” x 10” black and white photographic print made from ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8” x 10” black and white photographic print made from original 1935, 8” x 10” black and white photographic negative. New 4” x 5” archival negative made from print. Original photographer unknown. Original 8” x 10” negative located in the files of the New Orleans Public Belt Railroad administrative offices at 5100 Jefferson Highway, Jefferson, LA 70123. AUGUST 12, 1935 PHOTOGRAPH NO. 135 OF CONTRACT NO. 4 SHOWING RAILROAD DECK WEST ANCHOR ARM. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

8” x 10” black and white photographic print made from ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8” x 10” black and white photographic print made from original 1935, 8” x 10” black and white photographic negative. New 4” x 5” archival negative made from print. Original photographer unknown. Original 8” x 10” negative located in the files of the New Orleans Public Belt Railroad administrative offices at 5100 Jefferson Highway, Jefferson, LA 70123. AUGUST 26, 1935 PHOTOGRAPH NO. 139 OF CONTRACT NO. 4 SHOWING RAILROAD DECK BETWEEN PIERS D TO V. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

8” x 10” black and white photographic print made from ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8” x 10” black and white photographic print made from original 1935, 8” x 10” black and white photographic negative. New 4” x 5” archival negative made from print. Original photographer unknown. Original 8” x 10” negative located in the files of the New Orleans Public Belt Railroad administrative offices at 5100 Jefferson Highway, Jefferson, LA 70123. JULY 1, 1935 PHOTOGRAPH NO. 116 OF CONTRACT NO. 4 SHOWING RAILROAD DECK WEST ANCHOR ARM. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

Development and layout of a protocol for the field performance of concrete deck and crack sealers.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-09-01

The main objective of this project was to develop and layout a protocol for the long-term monitoring and assessment of the performance of concrete deck and crack sealants in the field. To accomplish this goal, a total of six bridge decks were chosen ...

Plans: 3'/50 Cal. Gun Platform, Boat Deck House Top & ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Plans: 3'/50 Cal. Gun Platform, Boat Deck House Top & Fidley Top, Boat Deck, Radar Platform Lower, Pilot House Top, Navigation Bridge, Upper Bridge Deck, Poop Deck, Cargo Deck, Motor Boat Platform, Bridge Deck, Forecastle Deck, Upper Deck - Taluga, Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet, Benicia, Solano County, CA

Plans: Aft Gun Platform, Quarters for 16 Gunmen, Poop Deck, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Plans: Aft Gun Platform, Quarters for 16 Gunmen, Poop Deck, Boat Deck, House Top, Bridge Deck, Upper Bridge Deck, Navigating Bridge, Forecastle Deck, Gun Platform, Upper Deck, Second Deck and Hold Plan - Mission Santa Ynez, Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet, Benicia, Solano County, CA

Applications of Non-destructive methods (GPR and 3D Laser Scanner) in Historic Masonry Arch Bridge Assessment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alani, Amir; Banks, Kevin

2014-05-01

There exist approximately 70,000 masonry arch bridge spans (brick and stone) in the UK with tens of thousands more throughout Europe. A significant number of these bridges are still in operation and form part of the road and rail network systems in many countries. A great majority of these bridges are in desperate need of repair and maintenance. Applications of non-destructive testing methods such as ground penetrating radar (GPR), 3D laser scanning, accelerometer sensors and vibration detecting sensors amongst many others have been used to assess and monitor such structures in the past few years. This presentation provides results of the applications of a 2GHz GPR antenna system and a 3D laser scanner on a historic masonry arch bridge (the Old Bridge, Aylesford) located in Kent, in the south east of England. The older part of the bridge (the mid-span) is 860 years old. The bridge was the subject of a major alteration in 1811. This presentation forms part of a larger ongoing study which is using the two above mentioned non-destructive methods for long-term monitoring of the bridge. The adopted survey planning strategy and technique, data acquisition and processing as well as challenges encountered during actual survey and fieldworks have been discussed in this presentation. As a result of this study the position of different layers of the deck structure has been established with the identification of the original stone base of the bridge. This information in addition to the location of a number of structural ties (anchors - remedial work carried out previously) in the absence of reliable and accurate design details proved to be extremely useful for the modelling of the bridge using the finite element method. Results of the 3D laser scanning of the bridge have also been presented which have provided invaluable data essential for the accurate modelling of the bridge as well as the long term monitoring of the bridge. 2014 EGU-GA GI3.1 Session, organised by COST Action TU1208.

Statistical Analysis of Stress Signals from Bridge Monitoring by FBG System

PubMed Central

Ye, Xiao-Wei; Xi, Pei-Sen

2018-01-01

In this paper, a fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based stress monitoring system instrumented on an orthotropic steel deck arch bridge is demonstrated. The FBG sensors are installed at two types of critical fatigue-prone welded joints to measure the strain and temperature signals. A total of 64 FBG sensors are deployed around the rib-to-deck and rib-to-diagram areas at the mid-span and quarter-span of the investigated orthotropic steel bridge. The local stress behaviors caused by the highway loading and temperature effect during the construction and operation periods are presented with the aid of a wavelet multi-resolution analysis approach. In addition, the multi-modal characteristic of the rainflow counted stress spectrum is modeled by the method of finite mixture distribution together with a genetic algorithm (GA)-based parameter estimation approach. The optimal probability distribution of the stress spectrum is determined by use of Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Furthermore, the hot spot stress of the welded joint is calculated by an extrapolation method recommended in the specification of International Institute of Welding (IIW). The stochastic characteristic of stress concentration factor (SCF) of the concerned welded joint is addressed. The proposed FBG-based stress monitoring system and probabilistic stress evaluation methods can provide an effective tool for structural monitoring and condition assessment of orthotropic steel bridges. PMID:29414850

108. View showing storage yard where material is received and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

108. View showing storage yard where material is received and sorted: also shows derrick framed to raise material from tracks and land on deck of approach. Material is then moved by narrow gage locomotive out to erection traveler. - Carquinez Bridge, Spanning Carquinez Strait at Interstate 80, Vallejo, Solano County, CA

NYSDOT Bridge Deck Task Force evaluation of bridge deck cracking on NYSDOT bridges

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-02-01

This paper presents a summary of knowledge gained by the NYSDOT Bridge Deck Task Force (BDTF). Although the paper contains recommendations to reduce the prevalence and severity of bridge deck cracking, it does not include a silver bullet soluti...

Long-term corrosion protection of bridge elements reinforcing materials in concrete : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-09-01

Preventing or mitigating the corrosion of reinforcing steel in bridge decks is a major challenge for state transportation agencies. With agency budgets stretched thinner every year, they must implement strategies to extend the service lives of bridge...

Fatigue study of a GRP pedestrian bridge : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1986-01-01

Static and cyclic load tests were conducted on a 16-ft long bridge constructed with fiberglass materials. Approximately 1.6 million cycles of loads were applied to the deck to study the fatigue characteristics of the bridge. The location and magnitud...

Dynamic displacement monitoring of long-span bridges with a microwave radar interferometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Bochen; Ding, Xiaoli; Werner, Charles; Tan, Kai; Zhang, Bin; Jiang, Mi; Zhao, Jingwen; Xu, Youlin

2018-04-01

Structural health monitoring of long-span bridges is a critical process in ensuring the operational safety of the structures. In this paper, we present experimental results of monitoring the displacements of two long-span bridges in Hong Kong Ting Kau Bridge (TKB) and Tsing Ma Bridge (TMB) with a terrestrial microwave radar interferometer named the GAMMA Portable Radar Interferometer (GPRI). A technique for fusing the measurements from two receiving antennas of the radar instrument is proposed. In addition, a two-step phase unwrapping approach is also tested. The results reveal the bridge dynamic responses under different loading conditions, including winds, vehicle traffic, and passing trains. The results also show that the terrestrial microwave radar interferometer can be used to monitor the dynamics of long-span bridges with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions.

Hydraulic forces on submerged bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-09-01

Bridge decks can be subjected to large horizontal forces when overtopping occurs. These forces may result in the displacement of bridge decks from the bents. This paper reports on the results of a laboratory study of horizontal forces on bridge decks...

Construction of crack-free bridge decks : technical summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-04-01

The report documents the performance of the decks based on crack surveys performed on the LC-HPC decks and : matching control bridge decks. The specifications for LC-HPC bridge decks, which cover aggregates, concrete, : and construction procedures, a...

Coupling vibration research on Vehicle-bridge system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Jiguo; Wang, Guihua

2018-01-01

The vehicle-bridge coupling system forms when vehicle running on a bridge. It will generate a relatively large influence on the driving comfort and driving safe when the vibration of the vehicle is bigger. A three-dimensional vehicle-bridge system with biaxial seven degrees of freedom has been establish in this paper based on finite numerical simulation. Adopting the finite element transient numerical simulation to realize the numerical simulation of vehicle-bridge system coupling vibration. Then, analyze the dynamic response of vehicle and bridge while different numbers of vehicles running on the bridge. Got the variation rule of vertical vibration of car body and bridge, and that of the contact force between the wheel and bridge deck. The research results have a reference value for the analysis about the vehicle running on a large-span cabled bridge.

Full-scale measurements and system identification on Sutong cable-stayed bridge during Typhoon Fung-Wong.

PubMed

Wang, Hao; Tao, Tianyou; Guo, Tong; Li, Jian; Li, Aiqun

2014-01-01

The structural health monitoring system (SHMS) provides an effective tool to conduct full-scale measurements on existing bridges for essential research on bridge wind engineering. In July 2008, Typhoon Fung-Wong lashed China and hit Sutong cable-stayed bridge (SCB) in China. During typhoon period, full-scale measurements were conducted to record the wind data and the structural vibration responses were collected by the SHMS installed on SCB. Based on the statistical method and the spectral analysis technique, the measured data are analyzed to obtain the typical parameters and characteristics. Furthermore, this paper analyzed the measured structural vibration responses and indicated the vibration characteristics of the stay cable and the deck, the relationship between structural vibrations and wind speed, the comparison of upstream and downstream cable vibrations, the effectiveness of cable dampers, and so forth. Considering the significance of damping ratio in vibration mitigation, the modal damping ratios of the SCB are identified based on the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) combined with the random decrement technique (RDT). The analysis results can be used to validate the current dynamic characteristic analysis methods, buffeting calculation methods, and wind tunnel test results of the long-span cable-stayed bridges.

Full-Scale Measurements and System Identification on Sutong Cable-Stayed Bridge during Typhoon Fung-Wong

PubMed Central

Tao, Tianyou; Li, Aiqun

2014-01-01

The structural health monitoring system (SHMS) provides an effective tool to conduct full-scale measurements on existing bridges for essential research on bridge wind engineering. In July 2008, Typhoon Fung-Wong lashed China and hit Sutong cable-stayed bridge (SCB) in China. During typhoon period, full-scale measurements were conducted to record the wind data and the structural vibration responses were collected by the SHMS installed on SCB. Based on the statistical method and the spectral analysis technique, the measured data are analyzed to obtain the typical parameters and characteristics. Furthermore, this paper analyzed the measured structural vibration responses and indicated the vibration characteristics of the stay cable and the deck, the relationship between structural vibrations and wind speed, the comparison of upstream and downstream cable vibrations, the effectiveness of cable dampers, and so forth. Considering the significance of damping ratio in vibration mitigation, the modal damping ratios of the SCB are identified based on the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) combined with the random decrement technique (RDT). The analysis results can be used to validate the current dynamic characteristic analysis methods, buffeting calculation methods, and wind tunnel test results of the long-span cable-stayed bridges. PMID:24995367

Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Hydrodynamic forces on inundated bridge decks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Afzal, Bushra; Guo, Junke; Kerenyi, Kornel

2010-11-01

The hydraulic forces experienced by an inundated bridge deck have great importance in the design of bridges. Flood flows or hurricane add significant hydrodynamic loading on bridges, possibly resulting in failure of the bridge superstructures. The objective of the study is to establish validated computational practice to address research needs of the transportation community via computational fluid dynamic simulations. The reduced scale experiments conducted at Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center establish the foundations of validated computational practices to address the research needs of the transportation community. Three bridge deck prototypes were used: a typical six-girder highway bridge deck, a three-girder deck, and a streamlined deck designed to better withstand the hydraulic forces. Results of the study showed that the streamlined deck significantly reduces drag, lift, and moment coefficient in comparison to the other bridge deck types. The CFD results matched the experimental data in terms of the relationship between inundation ratio and force measured at the bridge. The results of the present research will provide a tool for designing new bridges and retrofitting old ones.

An investigation of the seismic behavior of a deck-type reinforced concrete arch bridge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Farahani, Emadoddin Majdabadi; Maalek, Shahrokh

2017-07-01

This paper attempts to explore potential benefits of form in a deck-type reinforced concrete (RC) arch bridge in connection with its overall seismic behavior and performance. Through a detailed three-dimensional finite element modeling and analysis of an actual existing deck-type RC arch bridge, some useful quantitative information have been derived that may serve for a better understanding of the seismic behavior of such arch bridges. A series of the nonlinear dynamic analyses has been carried out under the action of seven different time histories of ground motion scaled to the AASHTO 2012 response spectrum. The concept of demand to capacity ratios has been employed to provide an initial estimation of the seismic performance of the bridge members. As a consequence of the structural form, a particular type of irregularity is introduced due to variable heights of columns transferring the deck loads to the main arch. Hence, a particular attention has been paid to the internal force/moment distributions within the short, medium, and long columns as well as along the main arch. A study of the effects of the vertical component of ground motion has demonstrated the need for the inclusion of these effects in the analysis of such bridges.

29. Photocopy of photograph. VIEW, LOOKING NORTHEAST, OF NORTHEAST SECTION ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

29. Photocopy of photograph. VIEW, LOOKING NORTHEAST, OF NORTHEAST SECTION OF THE STRUCTURE, SHOWING ORIGINAL WOOD DECK, RAILING AND EARLY 1930'S PACKARD AUTOMOBILE IN BACKGROUND. Photographer unknown, date unknown. (Print in possession of the Washington County Highway Department). - Hegeman-Hill Street Bridge, Spanning Batten Kill, .65 mile West of Greenwich, Easton, Washington County, NY

Use of innovative concrete mixes for improved constructability and sustainability of bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-11-01

Bridge deck crack surveys were performed on twelve bridges on US-59 south of Lawrence, Kansas, to determine the effects of : mixture proportions, concrete properties, deck type, and girder type on the crack density of reinforced concrete bridge decks...

Use of innovative concrete mixes for improved constructability and sustainability of bridge decks : [technical summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-11-01

Bridge deck crack surveys were performed on twelve bridges on US-59 south of Lawrence, Kansas, to determine the effects of mixture proportions, concrete properties, deck type, and girder type on the crack density of reinforced concrete bridge decks.

Laboratory and field performance of FOS sensors in static and dynamic strain monitoring in concrete bridge decks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Benmokrane, B.; Debaiky, A.; El-Ragaby, A.; Roy, R.; El-Gamal, S.; El-Salakawy, E.

2006-03-01

There is a growing need for designing and constructing innovative concrete bridges using FRP reinforcing bars as internal reinforcement to avoid the corrosion problems and high costs of maintenance and repair. For efficient use and to increase the lifetime of these bridges, it is important to develop efficient monitoring systems for such innovative structures. Fabry-Perot and Bragg fibre optic sensors (FOS) that can measure the strains and temperature are promising candidates for life-long health monitoring of these structures. This article reports laboratory and field performance of Fabry-Perot and Bragg FOS sensors as well as electrical strain gauges in static and dynamic strain monitoring in concrete bridge decks. The laboratory tests include tensile testing of glass FRP bars and testing of full-scale concrete bridge deck slabs reinforced with glass and carbon FRP bars under static and cyclic concentrated loads. The field tests include static and dynamic testing of two bridges reinforced with steel and glass FRP bars. The obtained strain results showed satisfactory agreement between the different gauges.

Recommendations for the connection between full-depth precast bridge deck panel systems and precast I-beams.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-01-01

Precast bridge deck panels can be used in place of a cast-in-place concrete deck to reduce bridge closure times for deck replacements or new bridge construction. The panels are prefabricated at a precasting plant providing optimal casting and curing ...

Long-term performance of concrete containing hydrated hydraulic lime as an admixture.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1976-01-01

In 1941 two bridges were constructed with decks using concrete incorporating as an experimental feature the use of hydrated lime as an admixture in amounts varying from zero to 12%. After 35 years of service the decks were scheduled for repairs to co...

Dynamic assessment of bridge deck performance considering realistic bridge-traffic interaction

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-09-01

Concrete bridge decks are directly exposed to daily traffic loads and may experience some surface cracking caused by excessive stress or fatigue accumulation, which requires repair or replacement. Among typical bridges in North America, bridge decks ...

Methods for removing concrete decks from bridge girders : [tech transfer summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-08-01

Although bridges are typically designed to last for 75 years (AWS 2012), : bridge decks deteriorate at a faster rate (Flowers et al. 2010). Full-depth : replacement of bridge decks that can be performed without replacing the : bridge superstructures ...

Analytical and experimental evaluation of an aluminum bridge deck panel. Part 2, failure analysis.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-01-01

Aluminum bridge decks may prove to be an alternative to concrete decks for improving the performance of structural bridge systems. Combining excellent corrosion resistance with extremely low density, aluminum decks can prolong surface life, facilitat...

The effects of temperature on fiber composite bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

In this study the fiber composite bridge decks were subjected to thermal gradients to obtain the temperature difference between the top and bottom surface of the decks and to determine the thermal properties of the deck. The fiber composite bridge de...

Hydrodynamic forces on inundated bridge decks

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-05-01

The hydrodynamic forces experienced by an inundated bridge deck have great importance in the design of bridges. Specifically, the drag force, lift force, and the moment acting on the bridge deck under various levels of inundation and a range of flow ...

Bridge deck fogging system : evaluation of field implementation of a fogging system used during bridge deck construction.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-01-01

The objective of this research was to implement and evaluate a fogging system used to provide initial cure for a concrete bridge deck construction project. To accomplish this, Bridges 5500 and 5701 along NM26 were selected. Bridge 5500 was placed usi...

Strategic sensor locations of FPR bridge decks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Hwai-Chung; Warnemuende, Kraig; Yan, An; Mu, Bin

2003-07-01

Advanced fiber-reinforced polymer composite (FRP) has been increasingly used in bridge deck to replace concrete or steel. A FRP bridge deck can be designed to meet AASHTO HS-25 load requirements. FRP decks have many advantages over the conventional reinforced concrete or steel decks owing to their lightweight, high strength and corrosion resistance. However, such new deck system requires extensive monitoring to ensure its designed performance before its widespread acceptance by the bridge community. For inspection and evaluation purpose, a proper monitoring system consisting of various kinds of sensors installed in the FRP deck is critical. This paper provides a framework for designing an efficient monitoring system. The strategic sensor locations are identified based on the stress analysis of the FRP deck.

Development of a nondestructive evaluation method for FRP bridge decks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brown, Jeff; Fox, Terra

2010-05-01

Open steel grids are typically used on bridges to minimize the weight of the bridge deck and wearing surface. These grids, however, require frequent maintenance and exhibit other durability concerns related to fatigue cracking and corrosion. Bridge decks constructed from composite materials, such as a Fiber-reinforced Polymer (FRP), are strong and lightweight; they also offer improved rideability, reduced noise levels, less maintenance, and are relatively easy to install compared to steel grids. This research is aimed at developing an inspection protocol for FRP bridge decks using Infrared thermography. The finite element method was used to simulate the heat transfer process and determine optimal heating and data acquisition parameters that will be used to inspect FRP bridge decks in the field. It was demonstrated that thermal imaging could successfully identify features of the FRP bridge deck to depths of 1.7 cm using a phase analysis process.

Dynamic assessment of bridge deck performance considering realistic bridge-traffic interaction : research brief

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-09-01

This study is to develop simulation methodology to conduct the dynamic assessment of bridge deck performance subjected to traffic. Concrete bridge decks are exposed to daily traffic loads and may experience some surface cracking caused by excessive s...

Evaluation of corrosion inhibitors for concrete bridge deck patches and overlays.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-01-01

This report presents the results to date of a national pooled fund study initiated in August 1996 to evaluate the long-term performance of bridges and outdoor exposure slabs damaged by chloride-induced corrosion that have concrete containing corrosio...

Laboratory testing and finite element modeling of precast bridge deck panel transverse connections.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-08-06

Precast bridge deck panels are increasingly used to reduce construction times and associated traffic delays as part of many DOTs push for accelerated bridge construction. They allow a bridge deck to be built or replaced in days instead of months. ...

Performance evaluation of bridges with structural bridge deck overlays (SBDO).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-03-01

Structural Bridge Deck Overlay (SBDO) involves applying 6 to 10 inches (150 to 200 mm) of normal weight, class AA, reinforced concrete directly to a bridges original slab. The overlay is designed to increase the deck elevation to an extent that st...

Bridge deck wearing surfaces.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-11-01

Several commercially available bridge deck overlay systems claim to be waterproof and reduce deterioration caused by chloride laden water from penetrating concrete bridge decks. An attempt was made to quantify the in-service waterproofing qualities o...

Evaluation of bridge decks on Route I-64 at Hampton, Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-01-01

The testing of 15 bridges on Route I-64 just west of the Hampton Roads Bridge Tunnel marked the first major use of electrical potential readings and chloride analyses in evaluating the condition of bridge decks in Virginia. Two of the decks were also...

Temporary bridge deck panels.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-03-01

The research described here has resulted in the development of a simplistic and innovative interlocking : glulam bridge deck panel for use in temporary bridge deck applications. The key feature of this panel : system is the interlocking tongue and gr...

Identification of Vehicle Axle Loads from Bridge Dynamic Responses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

ZHU, X. Q.; LAW, S. S.

2000-09-01

A method is presented to identify moving loads on a bridge deck modelled as an orthotropic rectangular plate. The dynamic behavior of the bridge deck under moving loads is analyzed using the orthotropic plate theory and modal superposition principle, and Tikhonov regularization procedure is applied to provide bounds to the identified forces in the time domain. The identified results using a beam model and a plate model of the bridge deck are compared, and the conditions under which the bridge deck can be simplified as an equivalent beam model are discussed. Computation simulation and laboratory tests show the effectiveness and the validity of the proposed method in identifying forces travelling along the central line or at an eccentric path on the bridge deck.

Evaluation of bridge deck sealers.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-06-01

This study focuses on the evaluation of bridge deck sealers commonly used on highway bridge decks and : their relative performance. After reviewing the most up-to-date research findings on chemical sealers used : by state DOTs, four sealer products t...

Bridge deck deicing

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-01-01

Concrete bridge decks are prone to ice accumulation. The use of road salts and chemicals for deicing is cost effective but causes damage to concrete and corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks. This problem is a major concern to trans...

Thermal analysis of GFRP-reinforced continuous concrete decks subjected to top fire

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hawileh, Rami A.; Rasheed, Hayder A.

2017-12-01

This paper presents a numerical study that investigates the behavior of continuous concrete decks doubly reinforced with top and bottom glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars subjected to top surface fire. A finite element (FE) model is developed and a detailed transient thermal analysis is performed on a continuous concrete bridge deck under the effect of various fire curves. A parametric study is performed to examine the top cover thickness and the critical fire exposure curve needed to fully degrade the top GFRP bars while achieving certain fire ratings for the deck considered. Accordingly, design tables are prepared for each fire curve to guide the engineer to properly size the top concrete cover and maintain the temperature in the GFRP bars below critical design values in order to control the full top GFRP degradation. It is notable to indicate that degradation of top GFRP bars do not pose a collapse hazard but rather a serviceability concern since cracks in the negative moment region widen resulting in simply supported spans.

Plate & tube bridge deck evaluation in the deck test bed of the Troutville, Virginia, weigh station.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-01-01

This report addresses the laboratory and field performance of multi-cellular fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite bridge deck systems. We focus specifically on FRP decks produced from adhesively bonded pultrusions where the core of the deck posse...

Sealing of Cracks on Florida Bridge Decks with Steel Girders [Summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-01-01

Transverse cracking is common in concrete bridge decks, degrading both aesthetic and structural properties of the bridge. Cracks expose reinforcing steel and supporting steel to corrosive agents, such as water or chemicals, which shorten deck service...

Styrene-butadiene latex modifiers for bridge deck overlay concrete.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-04-01

Styrene-butadiene (S/B) latex modified concrete overlays are being used to protect : new bridge decks from rapid deicer-borne chloride intrusion and also in bridge : deck rehabilitation efforts. The purposes of this research were to evaluate several ...

Investigations of a precast bridge deck system.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-07-01

Improved methods of bridge deck construction are greatly needed. Bridge decks are often the first element to require repair or replacement because of its direct exposure to the elements and tire wear. This report presents a new precast overhang syste...

Investigating causes and determine repair needs to mitigate falling concrete from bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-09-01

This study developed a procedure to identify concrete bridge decks that are exhibiting the characteristics associated : with falling concrete. Field exploratory work on reinforced concrete bridge decks was supported by analytical and : laboratory inv...

Design considerations for bridge deck joint-sealing systems : summary report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1992-07-01

This is a report summary which summarizes a three year research effort related to the study of bridge deck expansion joint movements. Bridge deck expansion joint systems often develop serious problems requiring extensive and expensive maintenance. Th...

Development of a precast bridge deck overhang system

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-02-01

Prestressed-precast panels are commonly used at interior beams for bridge decks in Texas. The use of these panels can provide ease : of construction, sufficient capacity, and good economy for the construction of bridge decks in Texas. Current practic...

Construction of crack-free bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-04-01

This serves as the final report on Transportation Pooled-Fund Program Project No. TPF-5(174), Construction : of Crack-Free Bridge Decks. The goal of the study was to implement the most cost-effective techniques for : improving bridge deck life ...

Fiber reinforced polymer bridge decks : [technical summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

A number of researchers have addressed the use of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) deck as a replacement solution for deteriorated bridge decks made of traditional materials. The use of new, advanced materials such as FRP is advantageous when the bridg...

Dynamic response of the train-track-bridge system subjected to derailment impacts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ling, Liang; Dhanasekar, Manicka; Thambiratnam, David P.

2018-04-01

Derailments on bridges, although not frequent, when occurs due to a complex dynamic interaction of the train-track-bridge structural system, are very severe. Furthermore, the forced vibration induced by the post-derailment impacts can toss out the derailed wagons from the bridge deck with severe consequences to the traffic underneath and the safety of the occupants of the wagons. This paper presents a study of the train-track-bridge interaction during a heavy freight train crossing a concrete box girder bridge from a normal operation to a derailed state. A numerical model that considers the bridge vibration, train-track interaction and the train post-derailment behaviour is formulated based on a coupled finite-element - multi-body dynamics (FE-MBD) theory. The model is applied to predict the post-derailment behaviour of a freight train composed of one locomotive and several wagons, as well as the dynamic response of a straight single-span simply supported bridge containing ballast track subjected to derailment impacts. For this purpose, a typical derailment scenario of a heavy freight train passing over a severe track geometry defect is introduced. The dynamic derailment behaviour of the heavy freight train and the dynamic responses of the rail bridge are illustrated through numerical examples. The results exhibit the potential for tossing out of the derailed trains from the unstable increase in the yaw angle signature and a lower rate of increase of the bridge deck bending moment compared to the increase in the static axle load of the derailed wheelset.

Response analysis of curved bridge with unseating failure control system under near-fault ground motions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zuo, Ye; Sun, Guangjun; Li, Hongjing

2018-01-01

Under the action of near-fault ground motions, curved bridges are prone to pounding, local damage of bridge components and even unseating. A multi-scale fine finite element model of a typical three-span curved bridge is established by considering the elastic-plastic behavior of piers and pounding effect of adjacent girders. The nonlinear time-history method is used to study the seismic response of the curved bridge equipped with unseating failure control system under the action of near-fault ground motion. An in-depth analysis is carried to evaluate the control effect of the proposed unseating failure control system. The research results indicate that under the near-fault ground motion, the seismic response of the curved bridge is strong. The unseating failure control system perform effectively to reduce the pounding force of the adjacent girders and the probability of deck unseating.

Latex and microsilica modified concrete bridge deck overlays in Oregon : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-05-01

The final report presents information collected by ODOT personnel from bridge deck overlays constructed in Oregon between 1989 and 1995. Decks were placed on a variety of existing bridge types prepared using hydrodemolition, milling, and diamond grin...

Research notes : wearing surfaces for plastic bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-07-01

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite bridge decks based on fiberglass materials are being installed on bridges across the country. In addition to being light-weight and quick to install, these decks do not corrode. Oregon has three state-owned an...

Development of Predictive Model for bridge deck cracking : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-04-01

Early-age bridge deck cracking has been found to be a prevalent problem worldwide. While early-age : cracking will not cause failure of a bridge deck system independently, the penetration of deleterious substances : through the early-age cracks into ...

Precast concrete replacement slabs for bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1982-01-01

The report illustrates and evaluates the first use in Virginia of precast concrete replacement slabs for bridge decks. It shows that a bridge deck can be replaced with the precast slabs while traffic is maintained in the adjacent traffic lane. The qu...

Research notes : thin polymer overlays on bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-11-01

Winters in Oregon are hard on our bridges. Vehicles with studded tires gouge the pavement and abrade the deck surface. This abrasion often leads to reduced skid resistance. As the bridge deck ages, cracks often develop. Deicing chemicals used in wint...

Comparison of properties of fresh and hardened concrete in bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-01-01

A study was made on 17 bridge decks constructed in 1963 under regular construction procedures. The purpose was (1) to compare important properties of concrete as freshly placed in randomly selected bridge decks with those after hardening of the concr...

Classification of longitudinal welds in an aluminum bridge deck.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-01-01

An aluminum bridge deck (called ALUMADECK) has been developed by Reynolds Metal Company and is made of extruded aluminum sections welded together at the sides to form a bridge deck. The longitudinal welds used to connect the extrusions do not match a...

Hybrid FRP-concrete bridge deck system final report I : development and system performance validation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-10-01

In this study, the concept of the hybrid FRP-concrete structural systems was applied to both bridge : superstructure and deck systems. Results from the both experimental and computational analysis for : both the hybrid bridge superstructure and deck ...

Analytical and experimental evaluation of an aluminum bridge deck panel. Part 1, Service load performance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-01-01

Deck deterioration is responsible for the majority of deficient bridge ratings in the United States (Sotiropoulos & GangaRao, 1993). Subject to dynamic loading, cyclic loading, and occasional overloading, bridge decks are the most severely stressed e...

Rapid replacement of bridge deck expansion joints study - phase I.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-12-01

Bridge deck expansion joints are used to allow for movement of the bridge deck due to thermal expansion, dynamics loading, and : other factors. More recently, expansion joints have also been utilized to prevent the passage of winter de-icing chemical...

Rapid replacement of Tangier Island bridges including lightweight and durable fiber-reinforced polymer deck systems.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite cellular deck systems were used as new bridge decks on two replacement bridges on Tangier Island, Virginia. The most important characteristics of this application were reduced self-weight and increased durabil...

Laboratory study - laboratory testing of bridge deck mixes

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-03-01

The purpose of this investigation was to develop bridge deck mixes that will improve field performance and minimize cracking potential compared to MoDOT's current (B-2) bridge deck mix design. The mix designs developed in this study were tested and c...

Damage detection and repair methods for GFRP bridge decks : [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

Glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) decks offer : advantages as replacements for worn steel bridge : decks because of their high strength-to-weight : ratio and fast installation time. However, before : GFRP decks can be put into service, methods : ...

Behavior of field-cast ultra-high performance concrete bridge deck connections under cyclic and static structural loading

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-11-01

The use of modular bridge deck components has the potential to produce higher quality, more durable bridge decks; however, the required connections have often proved lacking, resulting in less than desirable overall system performance. Advanced cemen...

Phenomenology study of HERMES ground-penetrating radar technology for detection and identification of common bridge deck features

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-06-01

Accurately evaluating the condition of a bridge deck over time and using this information to choose appropriate maintenance techniques has become critical for the efficient allocation of resources to bridge deck maintenance. Tomographic imaging of su...

Strain features and condition assessment of orthotropic steel deck cable-supported bridges subjected to vehicle loads by using dense FBG strain sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wei, Shiyin; Zhang, Zhaohui; Li, Shunlong; Li, Hui

2017-10-01

Strain is a direct indicator of structural safety. Therefore, strain sensors have been used in most structural health monitoring systems for bridges. However, until now, the investigation of strain response has been insufficient. This paper conducts a comprehensive study of the strain features of the U ribs and transverse diaphragm on an orthotropic steel deck and proposes a statistical paradigm for crack detection based on the features of vehicle-induced strain response by using the densely distributed optic fibre Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensors. The local feature of strain under vehicle load is highlighted, which enables the use of measurement data to determine the vehicle loading event and to make a decision regarding the health status of a girder near the strain sensors via technical elimination of the load information. Time-frequency analysis shows that the strain contains three features: the long-term trend item, the short-term trend item, and the instantaneous vehicle-induced item (IVII). The IVII is the wheel-induced strain with a remarkable local feature, and the measured wheel-induced strain is only influenced by the vehicle near the FBG sensor, while other vehicles slightly farther away have no effect on the wheel-induced strain. This causes the local strain series, among the FBG strain sensors in the same transverse locations of different cross-sections, to present similarities in shape to some extent and presents a time delay in successive order along the driving direction. Therefore, the strain series induced by an identical vehicle can be easily tracked and compared by extracting the amplitude and calculating the mutual ratio to eliminate vehicle loading information, leaving the girder information alone. The statistical paradigm for crack detection is finally proposed, and the detection accuracy is then validated by using dense FBG strain sensors on a long-span suspension bridge in China.

Construction of bridge decks with precast prestressed deck planks

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-04-01

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the construction and early performance of two 1999 - 2000 bridge deck replacement state contracts in Illinois that included precast, prestressed concrete (PPC) deck planks. Metal stay-in-place forms used in one...

Quantification of cracks in concrete bridge decks in Ohio District 3.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-02-01

The development of cracks in reinforced bridge decks is a critical problem, not only in Ohio state, but the whole of United States. Many bridge decks constructed within the last 10 years in Ohio have already shown varying levels and patterns of crack...

Quantification of cracks in concrete bridge decks in Ohio district 3.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-02-01

The development of cracks in reinforced bridge decks is a critical problem, not only in Ohio state, but the whole of United States. Many bridge decks constructed within the last 10 years in Ohio have already shown varying levels and patterns of crack...

Effectiveness of exterior beam rotation prevention systems for bridge deck construction.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-06-01

Bridge decks often overhang past the exterior girders in order to increase the width of the deck while limiting the required : number of longitudinal girders. The overhanging portion of the deck results in unbalanced eccentric loads to the exterior g...

Construct Demo Input Deck

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

information diffusion patterns when bridging agents span two otherwise separate groups ? and then how such a simulation would be simulated using ...All users may find it more useful to use the table of contents in order to read sections of interest and reference chain to other parts of the...expression evaluates to 0+20-1 = 19, which would be the end-value expected for a zero-indexed group of twenty agents. Similar calculation can be used to

15. Detail, lower chord connection point on downstream side, showing ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

15. Detail, lower chord connection point on downstream side, showing pinned connection of lower chord eye bars, laced vertical compression member, diagonal eye bar tension members, turnbuckled diagonal counters, and floor beam. Note also timber floor stringers supported by floor beam, and exposed ends of timber deck members visible at left above lower chord eye bar. View to northwest. - Dry Creek Bridge, Spanning Dry Creek at Cook Road, Ione, Amador County, CA

Analysis, prediction, and case studies of early-age cracking in bridge decks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

ElSafty, Adel; Graeff, Matthew K.; El-Gharib, Georges; Abdel-Mohti, Ahmed; Mike Jackson, N.

2016-06-01

Early-age cracking can adversely affect strength, serviceability, and durability of concrete bridge decks. Early age is defined as the period after final setting, during which concrete properties change rapidly. Many factors can cause early-age bridge deck cracking including temperature change, hydration, plastic shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage, and drying shrinkage. The cracking may also increase the effect of freeze and thaw cycles and may lead to corrosion of reinforcement. This research paper presents an analysis of causes and factors affecting early-age cracking. It also provides a tool developed to predict the likelihood and initiation of early-age cracking of concrete bridge decks. Understanding the concrete properties is essential so that the developed tool can accurately model the mechanisms contributing to the cracking of concrete bridge decks. The user interface of the implemented computer Excel program enables the user to input the properties of the concrete being monitored. The research study and the developed spreadsheet were used to comprehensively investigate the issue of concrete deck cracking. The spreadsheet is designed to be a user-friendly calculation tool for concrete mixture proportioning, temperature prediction, thermal analysis, and tensile cracking prediction. The study also provides review and makes recommendations on the deck cracking based mainly on the Florida Department of Transportation specifications and Structures Design Guidelines, and Bridge Design Manuals of other states. The results were also compared with that of other commercially available software programs that predict early-age cracking in concrete slabs, concrete pavement, and reinforced concrete bridge decks. The outcome of this study can identify a set of recommendations to limit the deck cracking problem and maintain a longer service life of bridges.

Investigation of Aerodynamic Interference between Twin Deck Bridges

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sitek, M. A.; Bojanowski, C.; Lottes, S. A.

2016-05-01

Construction of a twin bridge can be a cost effective and minimally disruptive way to increase capacity when an existing bridge is not near the end of its service life. With ever growing vehicular traffic, when demand approaches the capacity of many existing roads and bridges. Remodeling a structure with an insufficient number of lanes can be a good solution in case of smaller and less busy bridges. Closing down or reducing traffic on crossings of greater importance for the construction period, however, can result in major delays and revenue loss for commerce and transportation as well as increasing themore » traffic load on alternate route bridges. Multiple-deck bridges may be the answer to this issue. A parallel deck can be built next to the existing one, without reducing the flow. Additionally, a new bridge can be designed as a twin or multi-deck structure. Several such structures have been built throughout the United States, among them: - The New NY Bridge Project - the Tappan Zee Hudson River Crossing, - SR-182 Columbia River Bridge, - The Thaddeus Kosciusko Bridge (I-87), - The Allegheny River Bridge, Pennsylvania, which carries I76, - Fred Hartman Bridge, TX, see Figure 1.2. With a growing number of double deck bridges, additional, more detailed, studies on the interaction of such bridge pairs in windy conditions appears appropriate. Aerodynamic interference effects should be examined to assure the aerodynamic stability of both bridges. There are many studies on aerodynamic response of single deck bridges, but the literature on double-deck structures is not extensive. The experimental results from wind tunnels are still limited in number, as a parametric study is required, they can be very time consuming. Literature review shows that some investigation of the effects of gap-width and angle of wind incidence has been done. Most of the CFD computational studies that have been done were limited to 2D simulations. Therefore, it is desirable to investigate twin decks of various cross-sections, gap-to-width ratios, wind speed and direction using three-dimensional CFD simulations. After verification with wind tunnel test results, this type of analysis could become a powerful tool for future designs as well as for monitoring of existing bridges.« less

Evaluation of bridge decks using non-destructive evaluation (NDE) at near highway speeds for effective asset management.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-06-01

Remote sensing technologies allow for the condition evaluation of bridge decks at near highway speed. : Data collection at near highway speed for assessment of the top of the concrete deck and proof of : concept testing for the underside of the deck ...

Dog Bridge, view of the deck of the bridge and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Dog Bridge, view of the deck of the bridge and rails looking from Linden Lane - National Park Seminary, Bounded by Capitol Beltway (I-495), Linden Lane, Woodstove Avenue, & Smith Drive, Silver Spring, Montgomery County, MD

Elimination of deck joints using a corrosion resistant FRP approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aleti, Ashok Reddy

The research presented herein describes the development of durable link slabs for jointless bridge decks based on using FRP grid for reinforcement. Specifically, the ductility of the FRP material was utilized to accommodate bridge deck deformations imposed by girder deflection, temperature variations, and concrete shrinkage. It would also provide a solution to a number of deterioration problems associated with bridge deck joints. The design concept of the link slabs was then examined to form the basis of design for FRP grid link slabs. Improved design of FRP grid link slab/concrete deck slab interface was confirmed in the numerical analysis. The mechanical properties between the FRP grid and concrete were evaluated. The behavior of the link slab was investigated and confirmed for durability. The results indicated that the technique would allow simultaneous achievement of structural need (lower flexural stiffness of the link slab approaching the behavior of a hinge) and durability need of the link slab. Also, the development length results confirm that the bond between the FRP grid and the concrete was highly improved. The overall investigation supports the contention that durable jointless concrete bridge decks may be designed and constructed with FRP grid link slabs. It is recommended that the link slab technique be used during new construction of the bridge decks and in repair and retrofit of the bridge decks.

GFRP reinforced lightweight precast bridge deck.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-03-01

The present research project investigates lightweight and normal weight concrete precast panels for highway : bridge decks. The deck panels are reinforced with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars. Due to the : lack of research on lightweight c...

Structural characterization of UHPC waffle bridge deck and connections : [tech transfer summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-07-01

Contribute to design an innovative and durable precast deck alternative : using ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) for accelerated bridge : construction : Evaluate the structural characteristics of the UHPC waffle deck, : critical connect...

Linear Cracking in Bridge Decks

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-03-01

Concrete cracking in bridge decks remains an important issue relative to deck durability. Cracks can allow increased penetration of chlorides, which can result in premature corrosion of the reinforcing steel and subsequent spalling of the concrete de...

The effect of bridge deck design methodology on crack control.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-01-30

At present, the Idaho Transportation Department (ITD) Bridge Design Manual allows engineers to use the AASHTO empirical method to : design concrete bridge decks. However, the ITD Bridge Section would like to compare their design practices to those em...

Dynamic analysis of a long span, cable-stayed freeway bridge using NASTRAN

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Salus, W. L.; Jones, R. E.; Ice, M. W.

1973-01-01

The dynamic analysis for earthquake- and wind-induced response of a long span, cable-stayed freeway bridge by NASTRAN in conjunction with post-processors is described. Details of the structural modeling, the input data generation, and numerical results are given. The influence of the dynamic analysis on the bridge design is traced from the project initiation to the development of a successful earthquake and wind resistant configuration.

Latex and microsilica modified concrete bridge deck overlays in Oregon : interim report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-08-01

This interim report presented information collected from 24 bridge deck overlays constructed in Oregon between 1989 and 1993. Decks were placed on a variety of existing structures using hydroblasting, milling and diamond grinding surface preparation....

A study of girder deflections during bridge deck construction : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-01-01

Problems involved in obtaining the desired thickness of bridge decks were investigated. The study, which was limited to decks which were longitudinally screeded during construction, included (1) field measurements of the girder deflections during con...

Rapid multichannel impact-echo scanning of concrete bridge decks from a continuously moving platform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mazzeo, Brian A.; Larsen, Jacob; McElderry, Joseph; Guthrie, W. Spencer

2017-02-01

Impact-echo testing is a non-destructive evaluation technique for determining the presence of defects in reinforced concrete bridge decks based on the acoustic response of the bridge deck when struck by an impactor. In this work, we build on our prior research with a single-channel impactor to demonstrate a seven-channel impact-echo scanning system with independent control of the impactors. This system is towed by a vehicle and integrated with distance measurement for registering the locations of the impacts along a bridge deck. The entire impact and recording system is computer-controlled. Because of a winch system and hinged frame construction of the apparatus, setup, measurement, and take-down of the apparatus can be achieved in a matter of minutes. Signal processing of the impact responses is performed on site and can produce a map of delaminations immediately after data acquisition. This map can then be used to guide other testing and/or can be referenced with the results of other testing techniques to facilitate comprehensive condition assessments of concrete bridge decks. This work demonstrates how impact-echo testing can be performed in a manner that makes complete bridge deck scanning for delaminations rapid and practical.

Field performance of timber bridges. 7, Connell Lake stress-laminated deck bridge

Treesearch

L. E. Hislop; M. A. Ritter

The Connell Lake bridge was constructed in early 1991 on the Tongass National Forest, Alaska, as a demonstration bridge under the Timber Bridge Initiative. The bridge is a stress-laminated deck structure with an approximate 36-ft length and 18-ft width and is the first known stress-laminated timber bridge constructed in Alaska. Performance of the bridge was monitored...

Polymer concrete bridge deck overlays : Deschutes River Bridge (Biggs) and Maupin Bridge (Maupin) : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-07-01

This report documents the construction and performance of two thin polymer concrete (with polyester/styrene resins) bridge deck overlays. The overlays were constructed in Biggs and Maupin, Oregon in June 1993. : Several problems were encountered duri...

Wireless vibration monitoring for damage detection of highway bridges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Whelan, Matthew J.; Gangone, Michael V.; Janoyan, Kerop D.; Jha, Ratneshwar

2008-03-01

The development of low-cost wireless sensor networks has resulted in resurgence in the development of ambient vibration monitoring methods to assess the in-service condition of highway bridges. However, a reliable approach towards assessing the health of an in-service bridge and identifying and localizing damage without a priori knowledge of the vibration response history has yet to be formulated. A two-part study is in progress to evaluate and develop existing and proposed damage detection schemes. The first phase utilizes a laboratory bridge model to investigate the vibration response characteristics induced through introduction of changes to structural members, connections, and support conditions. A second phase of the study will validate the damage detection methods developed from the laboratory testing with progressive damage testing of an in-service highway bridge scheduled for replacement. The laboratory bridge features a four meter span, one meter wide, steel frame with a steel and cement board deck composed of sheet layers to regulate mass loading and simulate deck wear. Bolted connections and elastomeric bearings provide a means for prescribing variable local stiffness and damping effects to the laboratory model. A wireless sensor network consisting of fifty-six accelerometers accommodated by twenty-eight local nodes facilitates simultaneous, real-time and high-rate acquisition of the vibrations throughout the bridge structure. Measurement redundancy is provided by an array of wired linear displacement sensors as well as a scanning laser vibrometer. This paper presents the laboratory model and damage scenarios, a brief description of the developed wireless sensor network platform, an overview of available test and measurement instrumentation within the laboratory, and baseline measurements of dynamic response of the laboratory bridge model.

Lightweight solid decks for movable bridges - phase II.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-01-01

Movable bridges often include open grid steel deck for its light weight and ease of installation. These decks, however, suffer from poor rideability and high maintenance costs. The primary objective of this research project was to search for a new ge...

The development of crashworthy rails for fiber reinforced polymer honeycomb bridge deck system.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-07-01

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) honeycomb panels offer an efficient and rapid replacement to : concrete decks. The system consists of FRP honeycomb sandwich panels with adequate guardrails. Although : FRP bridge deck panels have already been designed ...

Damage detection and repair methods for GFRP bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-12-01

Glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) decks are being considered for use as a replacement for worn steel grid bridge : decks due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and fast installation time. In this research, two nondestructive evaluation : tech...

The development of crashworthy rails for fiber reinforced polymer honeycomb bridge deck system : [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-07-01

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) honeycomb panels offer an efficient and rapid : replacement to concrete decks. The system consists of FRP honeycomb sandwich panels : with adequate guardrails. Although FRP bridge deck panels have already been designed ...

Longitudinal cracking in concrete at bridge deck dams on structural rehabilitation projects.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-10-01

The main objective of this project was to identify the causes of longitudinal cracking in newly placed concrete deck segments adjacent to : bridge deck expansion dam rehabilitations within District 3-0 of the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation...

Effect of girder spacing on bridge deck response.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-12-01

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the use of the commercial finite element code ABAQUS for analysis of reinforced concrete bridge decks and to employ this analysis package to determine the effect of girder spacing on deck response. A ...

Development and validation of deterioration models for concrete bridge decks - phase 1 : artificial intelligence models and bridge management system.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-06-01

This research documents the development and evaluation of artificial neural network (ANN) models to predict the condition ratings of concrete highway bridge decks in Michigan. Historical condition assessments chronicled in the national bridge invento...

7. Bridge deck, showing dam (left) and Sullivan Lake District ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

7. Bridge deck, showing dam (left) and Sullivan Lake District Ranger Station buildings (left rear). View to north. - Outlet Creek Bridge, Sullivan Lake Ranger Administrative Site, Metaline Falls, Pend Oreille County, WA

Long term striping alternatives for bridge decks : executive summary report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

ODOT uses a number of pavement marking : materials including waterborne and alkyd traffic paint, : polyester, thermoplastic, preformed tapes, epoxy, and : heat-fused preformed thermoplastic; which are : addressed in ODOT Construction and Material : S...

39. View of bridge operators controls in the control house ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

39. View of bridge operators controls in the control house facing south. Controls on the right are for the south span and on the left for the north span. The large dial indicator towards the top of the picture is a position indicator for the south span. Also present is a marine radio for talking to marine traffic and control ropes for the horn and siren. - Henry Ford Bridge, Spanning Cerritos Channel, Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbor, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, CA

Dynamic Interaction of Long Suspension Bridges with Running Trains

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

XIA, H.; XU, Y. L.; CHAN, T. H. T.

2000-10-01

This paper presents an investigation of dynamic interaction of long suspension bridges with running trains. A three-dimensional finite element model is used to represent a long suspension bridge. Each 4-axle vehicle in a train is modelled by a 27-degrees-of-freedom dynamic system. The dynamic interaction between the bridge and train is realized through the contact forces between the wheels and track. By applying a mode superposition technique to the bridge only and taking the measured track irregularities as known quantities, the number of degrees of freedom (d.o.f.) the bridge-train system is significantly reduced and the coupled equations of motion are efficiently solved. The proposed formulation and the associated computer program are then applied to a real long suspension bridge carrying a railway within the bridge deck. The dynamic response of the bridge-train system and the derail and offload factors related to the running safety of the train are computed. The results show that the formulation presented in this paper can well predict dynamic behaviors of both bridge and train with reasonable computation efforts. Dynamic interaction between the long suspension bridge and train is not significant.

Evaluation of deck durability on continuous beam highway bridges.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1985-01-01

In an effort to determine the extent of deck cracking on continuous steel beam bridges and the effect of the cracking on deck durability, 137 structures were visually inspected and 5 of these were selected for detailed evaluation. The general survey ...

Exodermic bridge deck performance evaluation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-07-01

In 1998, the Wisconsin DOT completed a two"leaf bascule bridge in Green Bay with an exodermic deck system. The exodermic deck consisted of 4.5"in thick cast"in"place reinforced concrete supported by a 5.19"in tall unfilled steel grid. The concrete an...

Structural health monitoring of I-10 twin span bridge - part I : analysis of lateral load test.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-11-01

The old I-10 Twin Span Bridge over Lake Pontchartrain was heavily damaged by the storm surges during : Hurricane Katrina in 2005. A new 5.4-mile long replacement bridge was constructed with higher resistance to : extreme events, such as storm surges ...

Research notes : polymer concrete bridge deck overlays : Deschutes River Bridge (Biggs), Maupin Bridge (Maupin) : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-07-01

This report documents the construction and performance of two thin polymer concrete (with polyester/styrene resins) bridge deck overlays. The overlays were constructed in Biggs and Maupin, Oregon in June 1993. Construction of the overlays was less th...

Installation and performance evaluation of the wabocrete FMV joint system for bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1990-01-01

A Wabocrete FMV bridge deck expansion joint system was installed on the Alternate Rte. 58 bridge over the Clinch River in November 1986. The bridge was placed in service in mid-1987. The report concerns an installation and performance evaluation of t...

Geometry control of long-span continuous girder concrete bridge during construction through finite element model updating

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Jie; Yan, Quan-sheng; Li, Jian; Hu, Min-yi

2016-04-01

In bridge construction, geometry control is critical to ensure that the final constructed bridge has the consistent shape as design. A common method is by predicting the deflections of the bridge during each construction phase through the associated finite element models. Therefore, the cambers of the bridge during different construction phases can be determined beforehand. These finite element models are mostly based on the design drawings and nominal material properties. However, the accuracy of these bridge models can be large due to significant uncertainties of the actual properties of the materials used in construction. Therefore, the predicted cambers may not be accurate to ensure agreement of bridge geometry with design, especially for long-span bridges. In this paper, an improved geometry control method is described, which incorporates finite element (FE) model updating during the construction process based on measured bridge deflections. A method based on the Kriging model and Latin hypercube sampling is proposed to perform the FE model updating due to its simplicity and efficiency. The proposed method has been applied to a long-span continuous girder concrete bridge during its construction. Results show that the method is effective in reducing construction error and ensuring the accuracy of the geometry of the final constructed bridge.

View of deck truss span over creek and adjacent trestle, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of deck truss span over creek and adjacent trestle, looking due south. - Pennsylvania Railroad, Brandywine Valley Viaduct, Spanning Brandywine Creek & U.S. Route 322, Downingtown, Chester County, PA

Hillsboro Canal bridge monitoring : [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

Floridas inventory of 148 moveable bridges is : the largest in the nation. Most employ open grid : steel decks, which have important advantages : over solid bridge decks: they can be assembled in : the factory, are lightweight and easy to install;...

Sealing of Cracks on Florida Bridge Decks with Steel Girders

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-08-01

One of the biggest problems affecting bridges is the transverse cracking and deterioration of concrete bridge decks. The causes of early age cracking are primarily attributed to plastic shrinkage, temperature effects, autogenous shrinkage, and drying...

Evaluation of the environmental impact of bridge deck runoff.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-12-01

Bridges are located in very close proximity to receiving waters, and regulatory agencies often require specific stormwater : control measures for bridge deck runoff. While there is some information available on roadway runoff, few studies have : focu...

The key quality control technology of main cable erection in long-span suspension bridge construction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Yongrui; Wei, Wei; Dai, Jie

2017-04-01

Main cable is one of the most important structure of suspension Bridges, which bear all the dead and live load from upper structure. Cable erection is one of the most critical process in suspension bridge construction. Key points about strand erection are studied in this paper, including strand traction, lateral movement, section adjustment, placing into saddle, anchoring, line shape adjustment and keeping, and tension control. The technology has helped a long-span suspension bridge in Yunnan Province, China get a ideal finished state.

Elevation of deck truss span over creek, looking NW along ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Elevation of deck truss span over creek, looking NW along U.S. route 322. - Pennsylvania Railroad, Brandywine Valley Viaduct, Spanning Brandywine Creek & U.S. Route 322, Downingtown, Chester County, PA

Structural monitoring of Rigolets Pass Bridge.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-10-01

The overall objective of this research project was to evaluate the structural behavior of prestressed highperformance : concrete (HPC) long-span bulb-tee girders utilized in Louisiana bridge construction. To : accomplish this objective, one span of t...

Investigation of panel-to-panel connections and block-outs for full-depth precast concrete bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-06-01

Experimental tests were performed at Virginia Tech to investigate transverse panel-to-panel connections and horizontal shear : connector block-outs for full-depth precast concrete bridge deck panels. The connections were designed for a deck replaceme...

Effect of calcium nitrite on the properties of concrete used in bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1992-01-01

Chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcing steel in bridge decks can impair its structural integrity and cause spalling, which reduces the ride quality of the deck. One system to prevent corrosion involves the use of corrosion inhibitors in freshl...

Effects of concrete moisture on polymer overlay bond over new concrete.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-06-01

Epoxy polymer overlays have been used for decades on existing bridge decks to protect the deck and extend its : service life. The polymer overlays ability to seal a bridge deck is now being specified for new construction. Questions exist : about t...

Research on construction technology for orthotropic steel deck pavement of Haihe River Chunyi Bridge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xue, Y. C.; Qian, Z. D.; Zhang, M.

2017-01-01

In order to ensure the good service quality of orthotropic steel deck pavement of Haihe River Chunyi Bridge in Tianjin, and to reduce the occurrence of pavement diseases like lateral and longitudinal cracks, the key working procedures such as steel deck cleaning, anticorrosive coating, bonding layer spraying, seam cutting, epoxy asphalt concrete’s mixing, transportation, paving and compaction were studied. The study was based on the main features of epoxy asphalt concrete which is the pavement materials of Haihe River Chunyi Bridge, and combined with the basic characteristics and construction conditions of Haihe River Chunyi Bridge. Furthermore, some processing measures like controlling time and temperature, continuous paving with two pavers, lateral feeding, and improving the compaction method were proposed. The project example shows that the processing measures can effectively solve the technical difficulties in the construction of orthotropic steel deck pavement of Haihe River Chunyi Bridge, can greatly improve the construction speed and quality, and can provide reference for the same kinds of orthotropic steel deck pavement construction.

Miscellaneous wood structures

Treesearch

Michael A. Ritter; Keith F. Faherty

1999-01-01

This section addresses the design of two types of glulam timber bridges : beam bridges with transverse decks and longitudinal glulam deck (slab) bridges. The material presented in the section is based on the 1992 edition of the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges (AASHTO specifications), including interim specifications through 1993. When specific design...

Demonstration and Validation of a Lightweight Composite Bridge Deck Technology as an Alternative to Reinforced Concrete

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-01

Abstract Cyclic loading and weathering of reinforced concrete bridge decks cause corrosion of reinforcement steel , which leads to cracking, potholes...inforcement steel , on a deteriorated concrete bridge at Redstone Arsenal, AL. A pultruded deck system made by Zellcomp, Inc., was selected for...16 Figure 13. Form for grout haunch fabricated by tack welding steel strips to the top of the girder

Continuous long-term health monitoring using ultrasonic wave propagation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-12-01

This report presents the findings of a research project on using ultrasonic testing to : continuously monitor reinforced concrete bridge decks for the onset of delamination. The : report first presents a review of current nondestructive testing techn...

I-5/Gilman advanced technology bridge project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lanza di Scalea, Francesco; Karbhari, Vistasp M.; Seible, Frieder

2000-04-01

The UCSD led I-5/Gilman Advanced Technology Bridge Project will design and construct a fully functional traffic bridge of advanced composite materials across Interstate 5 in La Jolla, California. Its objective is to demonstrate the use of advanced composite technologies developed by the aerospace industry in commercial applications to increase the life expectancy of new structures and for the rehabilitation of aging infrastructure components. The structure will be a 450 ft long, 60 ft wide cable-stayed bridge supported by a 150 ft A-frame pylon with two vehicular lanes, two bicycle lanes, pedestrian walkways and utility tunnels. The longitudinal girders and pylon will be carbon fiber shells filled with concrete. The transverse deck system will consist of hollow glass/carbon hybrid tubes and a polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete deck with an arch action. Selected cables will be composite. The bridge's structural behavior will be monitored to determine how advanced composite materials perform in civil infrastructure applications. The bridge will be instrumented to obtain performance and structural health data in real time and, where possible, in a remote fashion. The sensors applied to the bridge will include electrical resistance strain gages, fiberoptic Bragg gratings and accelerometers.

Bridge A1187 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Comprehensive bridge deck deterioration mapping of nine bridges by nondestructive evaluation technologies.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

The primary objective of this research was to demonstrate the benefits of NDT technologies for effectively detecting : and characterizing deterioration in bridge decks. In particular, the objectives were to demonstrate the capabilities of : ground-pe...

Bridge A3406 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Bridge A1479 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Bridge A2966 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Overload truck wheel load distribution on bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-04-01

There is a need to accurately analyze the load effects on bridge decks from permitted overload trucks on : Michigans roads. The AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, 17th edition, provides a : distribution width of live loads when re...

Abrasion-resistant concrete mix designs for precast bridge deck panels.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-08-01

The report documents laboratory investigations undertaken to develop high performance concrete (HPC) for precast and pre-stressed bridge deck components that would reduce the life-cycle cost of bridges by improving the studded tire wear (abrasion) re...

Spalling solution of precast-prestressed bridge deck panels.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-10-01

This research has examined spalling of several partial-depth precast prestressed concrete (PPC) bridge decks. It was recently obser : that some bridges with this panel system in the MoDOT inventory have experienced rusting of embedded steel reinforce...

Bridge A2111 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Bridge A1297 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Bridge A1193 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Bridge A0569 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Bridge K0197 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Bridge A3017 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Bridge A3405 : Missouri S&T nondestructive evaluation of bridge decks - pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Effects of concrete moisture on polymer overlay bond over new concrete : [technical summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-06-01

Epoxy polymer overlays have been used for decades on existing bridge decks to protect : the deck and extend its service life. The polymer overlays ability to seal a bridge deck : is now being specified for new construction. Questions exist about t...

Performance of a bridge deck with glass fiber reinforced polymer bars as the top mat of reinforcement.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-01-01

The purpose of this research was to investigate the performance of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars as reinforcement for concrete decks. Today's rapid bridge deck deterioration is calling for a replacement for steel reinforcement. The advan...

Health Monitoring and Evaluation of Long-Span Bridges Based on Sensing and Data Analysis: A Survey

PubMed Central

Zhou, Jianting; Li, Xiaogang; Xia, Runchuan; Yang, Jun; Zhang, Hong

2017-01-01

Aimed at the health monitoring and evaluation of bridges based on sensing technology, the monitoring contents of different structural types of long-span bridges were defined. Then, the definition, classification, selection principle, and installation requirements of the sensors were summarized. The concept was proposed that new adaptable long-life sensors could be developed by new theories and new effects. The principle and methods to select controlled sections and optimize the layout design of measuring points were illustrated. The functional requirements were elaborated on about the acquisition, transmission, processing, and management of sensing information. Some advanced concepts about the method of bridge safety evaluation were demonstrated and technology bottlenecks in the current safety evaluation were also put forward. Ultimately, combined with engineering practices, an application was carried out. The results showed that new, intelligent, and reliable sensor technology would be one of the main future development directions in the long-span bridge health monitoring and evaluation field. Also, it was imperative to optimize the design of the health monitoring system and realize its standardization. Moreover, it is a heavy responsibility to explore new thoughts and new concepts regarding practical bridge safety and evaluation technology. PMID:28300785

Fiberglass reinforced polymer composite bridge deck construction in Illinois

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-09-01

An experiment was conducted using a fiber reinforced polymer composite material for the bridge deck of a low volume bridge. The test location was on South Fayette Street over the Town Brook in Jacksonville, Illinois. This project included removal of ...

Evaluation of automated bridge deck anti-icing system

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-12-01

Driving in snow and ice can be dangerous. This is especially true on bridges. Under certain cold weather conditions, moisture on bridge decks freeze because of the open air flow under them while the adjacent roadway is unaffected. This creates potent...

Fatigue crack modeling in bridge deck connection details

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-12-01

Many steel bridges built prior to 1960 have bridge deck connections that are subject to high cycle fatigue. These connections may be nearing their fatigue limit and will require increased inspection and repair over the next 10 - 20 years. Current ins...

Two test level 4 bridge railing and transition systems for transverse timber deck bridges

Treesearch

Ronald K. Faller; Michael A. Ritter; Barry T. Rosson; Michael D. Fowler; Sheila R. Duwadi

2000-01-01

The Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, in cooperation with the Forest Products Laboratory, which is part of the U.S. Department of Agricultureas Forest Service, and FHWA, designed two bridge railing and approach guardrail transition systems for use on bridges with transverse glue-laminated timber decks. The bridge raging and transition systems were developed and crash...

State-of-the-art report on rapid repair techniques for bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1990-01-01

Bridges that are candidates for rapid repair techniques have peak-hour traffic volumes that are so high that it is not practical to close a lane to repair the deck or to install a deck protection system except during off-peak traffic periods. This re...

Composite Action in Prestressed NU I-Girder Bridge Deck Systems Constructed with Bond Breakers to Facilitate Deck Removal

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-11-01

Results are reported from tests of small-scale push-off and large-scale composite NU I-girder specimens conducted to establish an interface connection detail that (1) Facilitates in-situ removal of the bridge deck without damaging prestressed girders...

Two-course bonded concrete bridge deck construction : interim report no. 2, concrete properties and deck condition prior to opening to traffic.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1976-01-01

Presented in this report is information concerning the characteristics of the concretes used to construct six experimental two-course bonded bridge decks in Virginia. The quality of the overlay concretes produced under standard specifications supplem...

29 CFR 1926.754 - Structural steel assembly.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... connectors on composite floors, roofs and bridge decks. When shear connectors are used in construction of composite floors, roofs and bridge decks, employees shall lay out and install the shear connectors after the... requirements of paragraph (e)(3)(i) of this section. (4) Decking gaps around columns. Wire mesh, exterior...

29 CFR 1926.754 - Structural steel assembly.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... connectors on composite floors, roofs and bridge decks. When shear connectors are used in construction of composite floors, roofs and bridge decks, employees shall lay out and install the shear connectors after the... requirements of paragraph (e)(3)(i) of this section. (4) Decking gaps around columns. Wire mesh, exterior...

29 CFR 1926.754 - Structural steel assembly.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... connectors on composite floors, roofs and bridge decks. When shear connectors are used in construction of composite floors, roofs and bridge decks, employees shall lay out and install the shear connectors after the... requirements of paragraph (e)(3)(i) of this section. (4) Decking gaps around columns. Wire mesh, exterior...

Composite Action in Prestressed NU I-Girder Bridge Deck Systems Constructed with Bond Breakers to Facilitate Deck Removal : Technical Summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-11-01

Results are reported from tests of small-scale push-off and large-scale composite NU I-girder specimens conducted to establish an interface connection detail that (1) Facilitates in-situ removal of the bridge deck without damaging prestressed girders...

Investigation of techniques for accelerating the construction of bridge deck overlays : tech transfer summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-04-01

Todays environment is increasingly hostile to bridge decks with exposure : to deicing salts and environmental factors such as large temperature swings : and polluting chemicals. Being subjected to the most severe loading of all the : bridge compon...

High cycle fatigue crack modeling and analysis for deck truss flooring connection details : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-07-01

The Oregon Department of Transportation is responsible for many steel deck truss bridges containing connection details that are fatigue prone. A typical bridge, the Winchester Bridge in Roseburg, Oregon, was analyzed to assess the loading conditions,...

Fatigue crack modeling in bridge deck connection details : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-12-01

Many steel bridges built prior to 1960 have bridge deck connections that are subject to high cycle fatigue. These connections may be nearing their fatigue limit and will require increased inspection and repair over the next 10 - 20 years. Current ins...

144. Camp Creek Bridge. View of the road deck showing ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

144. Camp Creek Bridge. View of the road deck showing the stone-faced guard rails and the grass shoulders continuing across the bridge. Looking east-southeast. - Blue Ridge Parkway, Between Shenandoah National Park & Great Smoky Mountains, Asheville, Buncombe County, NC

Evaluation of high performance pavement and bridge deck wearing surface repair materials.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-08-01

This project provided for a laboratory and field testing of several high performance repair materials for : pavements and concrete bridge decks. The main purpose was to provide ODOT with materials and procedures : to shorten road and bridge closures....

Factors affecting the performance of bridge decks in Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1991-01-01

A detailed examination was made of 34 bridge decks, 11 to 30 years old, containing uncoated reinforcing steel. These bridges are located throughout Virginia. Cores were taken from each to evaluate the quality of the concrete with the objective of det...

Evaluation of a bridge deck with CFRP prestressed panels under fatigue load cycles

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-09-01

This report summarizes a study conducted under an IBRC (Innovative Bridge Research and Construction) project sponsored by the FHWA. In this project, a bridge deck with CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymeric) prestressed panels and cast-in-place topp...

Automated and accurate bridge deck crack inspection and mapping.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-10-01

One of the important tasks for bridge maintenance is bridge deck crack inspection. Traditionally, a human inspector detects cracks using his/her eyes and finds the location of cracks manually. Thus the accuracy of the inspection result is low due to ...

Strategies to Increase the service life of concrete bridge decks : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-03-01

Corrosion of the steel in reinforced concrete bridge decks is a critical issue for structures that are exposed to chloride containing de-icing chemicals or marine salts. Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) has a large number of bridges that ar...

Measurement of bridge deck layout prior to concrete placement : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-01-01

The main objective of this research was to develop a method of measuring and : producing as built bridge drawings. This was the first step in the feasibility : assessment for automated bridge deck paving. The research goes to show the : standard meth...

Development and validation of a sensor-based health monitoring model for the Parkview Bridge deck.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-01-31

Accelerated bridge construction (ABC) using full-depth precast deck panels is an innovative technique that brings all : the benefits listed under ABC to full fruition. However, this technique needs to be evaluated and the performance of : the bridge ...

Rational load rating of deck-girder bridges with girder end shear cracks in reverse orientation : technical summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-04-01

A user interface creates a grillage model of an existing bridge and places various rating trucks on the : bridge. Equivalent flexibility analysis distributes truck live loads within deck panels to surrounding : girders and diaphragms. Stiffness matri...

Evaluation and analysis of decked bulb T beam bridges.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-03-01

A new corrosion-free decked bulb T beam bridge system has been developed to overcome some of the problems : associated with the construction of side-by-side box beam bridges such as the lack of inspection space between : beams and the longitudinal de...

Structural evaluation of the John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge : element level analysis.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-07-01

The primary objective of the structural evaluation of the John A. Roebling Bridge is to determine the maximum allowable gross vehicle weight (GVW) that can be carried by the bridge deck structural elements such as the open steel grid deck, channels, ...

Petrotac bridge deck waterproofing membrane on Five Mile Creek Bridge : first interim report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1986-09-01

During the 1970's, the Oregon State Highway Division was involved in a Federally funded experimental program to evaluate various waterproofing membrane systems for bridge decks. Through this program, a list of approved products and/or systems was dev...

Cost effective bridge deck reconstruction in Kansas using high-density concrete overlays and asphalt membrane overlays : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-08-01

In 1976 the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) approved federal aid funding for experimental : installations of corrosion protection for reinforcing steel in existing concrete bridge decks. Sixteen of the sixty-nine : Kansas bridges with Cost Effe...

Characterization of stormwater runoff from bridge decks in eastern Massachusetts, 2014–16

USGS Publications Warehouse

Smith, Kirk P.; Sorenson, Jason R.; Granato, Gregory E.

2018-05-02

The quality of stormwater runoff from bridge decks (hereafter referred to as “bridge-deck runoff”) was characterized in a field study from August 2014 through August 2016 in which concentrations of suspended sediment (SS) and total nutrients were monitored. These new data were collected to supplement existing highway-runoff data collected in Massachusetts which were deficient in bridge-deck runoff concentration data. Monitoring stations were installed at three bridges maintained by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation in eastern Massachusetts (State Route 2A in the city of Boston, Interstate 90 in the town of Weston, and State Route 20 near Quinsigamond Village in the city of Worcester). The bridges had annual average daily traffic volumes from 21,200 to 124,000 vehicles per day; the land use surrounding the monitoring stations was 25 to 67 percent impervious.Automatic-monitoring techniques were used to collect more than 160 flow-proportional composite samples of bridge-deck runoff. Samples were analyzed for concentrations of SS, loss on ignition of suspended solids (LOI), particulate carbon (PC), total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved nitrogen (DN), and particulate nitrogen (PN). The distribution of particle size of SS also was determined for composite samples. Samples of bridge-deck runoff were collected year round during rain, mixed precipitation, and snowmelt runoff and with different dry antecedent periods throughout the 2-year sampling period.At the three bridge-deck-monitoring stations, median concentrations of SS in composite samples of bridge-deck runoff ranged from 1,490 to 2,020 milligrams per liter (mg/L); however, the range of SS in individual composites was vast at 44 to 142,000 mg/L. Median concentrations of SS were similar in composite samples collected from the State Route 2A and Interstate 90 bridge (2,010 and 2,020 mg/L, respectively), and lowest at the State Route 20 bridge (1,490 mg/L). Concentrations of coarse sediment (greater than 0.25 millimeters in diameter) dominated the SS matrix by more than an order of magnitude. Concentrations of LOI and PC in composite samples ranged from 15 to 1,740 mg/L and 6.68 to 1,360 mg/L, respectively, and generally represented less than 10 and 3 percent of the median mass of SS, respectively. Concentrations of TP in composite samples ranged from 0.09 to 7.02 mg/L; median concentrations of TP ranged from 0.505 to 0.69 mg/L and were highest on the bridge on State Route 2A in Boston. Concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) (sum DN and PN) in composite samples were variable (0.36 to 29 mg/L). Median DN (0.64 to 0.90 mg/L) concentrations generally represented about 40 percent of the TN concentration at each bridge and were similar to annual volume-weighted mean concentrations of nitrogen in precipitation in Massachusetts.Nonparametric statistical methods were used to test for differences between sample constituent concentrations among the three bridges. These results indicated that there are no statistically significant differences for concentrations of SS, LOI, PC, and TP among the three bridges (one-way analysis of variance test on rank-transformed data, 95-percent confidence level). Test results for concentrations of TN in composite samples indicated that concentrations of TN collected on State Route 20 near Quinsigamond Village were significantly higher than those concentrations collected on State Route 2A in Boston and Interstate 90 near Weston. Median concentrations of TN were about 93 and 55 percent lower at State Route 2A and at Interstate 90, respectively, compared to the median concentrations of TN at State Route 20.Samples of sediment were collected from five fixed locations on each bridge on three occasions during dry weather to calculate semiquantitative distributions of sediment yields on the bridge surface relative to the monitoring location. Mean yields of bridge-deck sediment during this study for State Route 2A in Boston, Interstate 90 near Weston, and State Route 20 near Quinsigamond Village were 1,500, 250, and 5,700 pounds per curb-mile, respectively. Sediment yields at each sampling location varied widely (26 to 25,000 pounds per curb-mile) but were similar to yields reported elsewhere in Massachusetts and the United States. Yields calculated for each sampling location indicated that the sediment was not evenly distributed across each bridge in this study for plausible reasons such as bridge slope, vehicular tracking, and bridge deterioration.Bridge-deck sediment quality was largely affected by the distribution of sediment particle size. Concentrations of TP in the fine sediment-size fraction (less than 0.0625 millimeter in diameter) of samples of bridge-deck sediment were about 6 times greater than in the coarse size fraction. Concentrations for many total-recoverable metals were 2 to 17 times greater in the fine size fraction compared to concentrations in the coarse size fraction (greater than or equal to 0.25 millimeter in diameter), and concentrations of total-recoverable copper and lead in the fine size fraction were 2 to 65 times higher compared to concentrations in the intermediate (greater than or equal to 0.0625 to 0.25 millimeter in diameter) or the coarse size fraction. However, the proportion of sediment particles less than 0.0625 millimeter in diameter in composite samples of bridge-deck runoff was small (median values range from 4 to 8 percent at each bridge) compared to the larger sediment particle-size mass. As a result, more than 50 percent of the sediment-associated TP, aluminum, chromium, manganese, and nickel was estimated to be associated with the coarse size fraction of the SS load. In contrast, about 95 percent of the estimated sediment-associated copper concentration was associated with the fine size fraction of the SS load.Version 1.0.2 of the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model was used to simulate long-term (29–30-year) concentrations and annual yields of SS, TP, and TN in bridge-deck runoff and in discharges from a hypothetical stormwater treatment best-management practice structure. Three methods (traditional statistics, robust statistics, and L-moments) were used to calculate statistics for stochastic simulations because the high variability in measured concentration values during the field study resulted in extreme simulated concentrations. Statistics of each dataset, including the average, standard deviation, and skew of the common (base 10) logarithms, for each of the three bridges, and for a lumped dataset, were calculated and used for simulations; statistics representing the median of statistics calculated for the three bridges also were used for simulations. These median statistics were selected for the interpretive simulations so that the simulations could be used to estimate concentrations and yields from other, unmonitored bridges in Massachusetts. Comparisons of the standard and robust statistics indicated that simulation results with either method would be similar, which indicated that the large variability in simulated results was not caused by a few outliers. Comparison to statistics calculated by the L-moments methods indicated that L-moments do not produce extreme concentrations; however, they also do not produce results that represent the bulk of concentration data.The runoff-quality risk analysis indicated that bridge-deck runoff would exceed discharge standards commonly used for large, advanced wastewater treatment plants, but that commonly used stormwater best-management practices may reduce the percentage of exceedances by one-half. Results of simulations indicated that long-term average yields of TN, TP, and SS may be about 21.4, 6.44, and 40,600 pounds per acre per year, respectively. These yields are about 1.3, 3.4, and 16 times simulated ultra-urban highway yields in Massachusetts; however, simulations indicated that use of a best-management practice structure to treat bridge-deck runoff may reduce discharge yields to about 10, 2.8, and 4,300, pounds per acre per year, respectively.

Field investigation of the corrosion protection performance of bridge decks and piles constructed with epoxy-coated reinforcing steel in Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-10-01

The corrosion protection performance of epoxy-coated reinforcing steel (ECR) was assessed in three bridge decks and the piles : in three marine structures in Virginia in 1996. The decks were 17 years old, two of the marine structures were 8 years old...

Implementing statistical analysis in multi-channel acoustic impact-echo testing of concrete bridge decks: Determining thresholds for delamination detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hendricks, Lorin; Spencer Guthrie, W.; Mazzeo, Brian

2018-04-01

An automated acoustic impact-echo testing device with seven channels has been developed for faster surveying of bridge decks. Due to potential variations in bridge deck overlay thickness, varying conditions between testing passes, and occasional imprecise equipment calibrations, a method that can account for variations in deck properties and testing conditions was necessary to correctly interpret the acoustic data. A new methodology involving statistical analyses was therefore developed. After acoustic impact-echo data are collected and analyzed, the results are normalized by the median for each channel, a Gaussian distribution is fit to the histogram of the data, and the Kullback-Leibler divergence test or Otsu's method is then used to determine the optimum threshold for differentiating between intact and delaminated concrete. The new methodology was successfully applied to individual channels of previously unusable acoustic impact-echo data obtained from a three-lane interstate bridge deck surfaced with a polymer overlay, and the resulting delamination map compared very favorably with the results of a manual deck sounding survey.

Numerical simulations and experimental measurements of steel and ice impacts on concrete for acoustic interrogation of delaminations in bridge decks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mazzeo, Brian A.; Patil, Anjali N.; Klis, Jeffrey M.

2014-02-18

Delaminations in bridge decks typically result from corrosion of the top mat of reinforcing steel, which leads to a localized separation of the concrete cover from the underlying concrete. Because delaminations cannot be detected using visual inspection, rapid, large-area interrogation methods are desired to characterize bridge decks without disruption to traffic, without the subjectivity inherent in existing methods, and with increased inspector safety. To this end, disposable impactors such as water droplets or ice chips can be dropped using automatic dispensers onto concrete surfaces to excite mechanical vibrations while acoustic responses can be recorded using air-coupled microphones. In this work,more » numerical simulations are used to characterize the flexural response of a model concrete bridge deck subject to both steel and ice impactors, and the results are compared with similar experiments performed in the laboratory on a partially delaminated concrete bridge deck slab. The simulations offer greater understanding of the kinetics of impacts and the responses of materials.« less

Evaluation of corrosion inhibitor : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1980-05-01

Solution to the problem of deterioration of bridge decks due to the corrosion of embedded steel has been sought by engineers for a long time. The purpose of the study was to evaluate, under laboratory conditions, the properties of concrete using a co...

Smart FRP Composite Sandwich Bridge Decks in Cold Regions

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-07-01

What if every time a bridge on a lonely road got icy, it automatically notified the local DOT to begin ice-control safety measures? What if a bridge could tell someone : every time an overloaded truck hit the decking, or when the trusses under it beg...

Development and validation of a sensor-based health monitoring model for the Parkview Bridge deck : [appendices].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-01-31

Accelerated bridge construction (ABC) using full-depth precast deck panels is an innovative technique that brings all the benefits listed under ABC to full fruition. However, this technique needs to be evaluated and the performance of the bridge need...

Design, installation, and condition assessment of a concrete bridge deck constructed with ASTM A1035 CS no. 4 bars.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-06-01

Recently developed corrosion-resistant reinforcing structural design guidelines were used to design, construct, and : assess a reinforced concrete bridge deck with high-strength ASTM A1035 CS steel bars. The bridge replacement is located : along the ...

33. Three bolts on railing outside control house on north ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

33. Three bolts on railing outside control house on north tower, one bolt on first handrail post of the north span (bridge is in the open position). As the bridge opens or closes the single bolt on the handrail post moves past the three stationary bolts. This system is used by the bridge operator to judge speed and position of the north span as it opens or closes. Based on these bolts movement of the north span is speeded up or slowed down and the brakes applied during the opening and closing process. View facing east. - Henry Ford Bridge, Spanning Cerritos Channel, Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbor, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, CA

Reinforcement alternatives for concrete bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-07-01

The report investigates the application of various reinforcement types in concrete bridge decks as potential replacements or supplements to conventional steel reinforcement. Traditional epoxy coated reinforcement (ECS), stainless steel cald (SSC) rei...

A bridge deck anti-icing system in Virginia : lessons learned from a pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-01-01

The need for this project originated with Virginia Department of Transportation's (VDOT) plans to widen and replace a number of bridges along Route I-95. Many of the bridge decks in the new facilities will be in the shade, which will increase the pro...

An evaluation of two bridge deck overlay systems on the Rte. 85 bridges over the Roanoke River.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-01-01

Because of exposed reinforcing steel in some areas of the decks, the interstate route 85 bridges over the Roanoke River were treated with overlays in August 1969. In order to evaluate two different materials on a comparative basis, the Department of ...

37. View of the control house on the north tower ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

37. View of the control house on the north tower from the north span facing north. Note mirror and video camera used by bridge operator to check for vessel traffic prior to operating the bridge, loudspeaker and sirens to warn pedestrians and boaters. - Henry Ford Bridge, Spanning Cerritos Channel, Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbor, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, CA

Instrumentation of the Maumee River Crossing.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-03-01

This project has focused on the instrumentation, monitoring and testing of the main span unit of the VGCS, one of Ohio's first long-span, cable-stayed bridges and one of only a few dozen such bridges in service in the nation. This effort looked at fi...

Instrumentation of the Maumee River Crossing : executive summary report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-03-01

This project has focused on the instrumentation, monitoring and testing of the main span unit of the : VGCS, one of Ohios first long-span, cable-stayed bridges and one of only a few dozen such bridges in : service in the nation. This effort looked...

Experimental and finite element study of ultimate strength of continuous composite concrete slabs with steel decking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gholamhoseini, Alireza

2018-03-01

Composite one-way concrete slabs with profiled steel decking as permanent formwork are commonly used in the construction industry. The steel decking supports the wet concrete of a cast in situ reinforced or post-tensioned concrete slab and, after the concrete sets, acts as external reinforcement. In this type of slab, longitudinal shear failure between the concrete and the steel decking is the most common type of failure at the ultimate load stage. Design codes require the experimental evaluation of the ultimate load capacity and longitudinal shear strength of each type of steel decking using full-scale tests on simple-span slabs. There is also no procedure in current design codes to evaluate the ultimate load capacity and longitudinal shear strength of continuous composite slabs and this is often assessed experimentally by full-scale tests. This paper presents the results of three full-scale tests up to failure on continuous composite concrete slabs cast with trapezoidal steel decking profile (KF70) that is widely used in Australia. Slab specimens were tested in four-point bending at each span with shear spans of span/4. The longitudinal shear failure of each slab is evaluated and the measured mid-span deflection, the end slip and the mid-span steel and concrete strains are also presented and discussed. Redistribution of bending moment in each slab is presented and discussed. A finite element model is proposed and verified by experimental data using interface element to model the bond properties between steel decking and concrete slab and investigate the ultimate strength of continuous composite concrete slabs.

Shrinkage and durability study of bridge deck concrete.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-12-01

The Mississippi Department of Transportation is incorporating changes to material : specifications and construction procedures for bridge decks in an effort to reduce shrinkage : cracking. These changes are currently being implemented into a limited ...

Design of bridge deck drainage : HEC 21

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1993-05-01

The manual provides guidelines and procedures for designing bridge deck drainage systems, inclusing illustrative examples. Should the design process indicate a drainage system is needed, utilization of the most hydraulically efficient and maintenance...

Longer Lasting Bridge Deck Overlays

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-04-01

The objective of this report is to determine the most effective method for bridge deck overlay construction and repair by assessing current practices; examining new products and technologies; and reviewing NCHRP (National Cooperative Highway Research...

GFRP reinforced concrete bridge decks

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-07-01

This report investigates the application of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars in concrete bridge decks as a potential replacement or supplement to conventional steel rebars. Tests were conducted to determine the material properties of the ...

GFRP reinforced concrete bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-07-01

This report investigates the application of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars in concrete bridge decks as a potential replacement or supplement to conventional steel rebars. Tests were conducted to determine the material properties of the ...

View of pony truss approach span, showing metal caissons and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of pony truss approach span, showing metal caissons and deck system, including metal floor beams and timber stringers. The same decking system was used on movable span. Looking north from civilian land. - Naval Supply Annex Stockton, Rough & Ready Island, Stockton, San Joaquin County, CA

Investigation of early timber–concrete composite bridges in the United States

Treesearch

James P. Wacker; Alfredo Dias; Travis K. Hosteng

2017-01-01

The use of timber–concrete composite (TCC) bridges in the United States dates back to circa 1925. Two different TCC systems were constructed during this early period. The first system included a longitudinal nail-laminated deck composite with a concrete deck top layer. The second system included sawn timber stringers supporting a concrete deck top layer. Records...

Development and construction of low-cracking high-performance concrete (LC-HPC) bridge decks : free shrinkage, moisture optimization and concrete production : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-08-01

The development and evaluation of low-cracking high-performance concrete (LC-HPC) for use in bridge decks : is described based on laboratory test results and experience gained during the construction of 14 bridges. This report : emphasizes the materi...

Plans for crash-tested wood bridge railings for concrete decks

Treesearch

Michael A. Ritter; Ronald K. Faller; Barry T. Rosson; Paula D. Hilbrich Lee; Sheila Rimal Duwadi

1998-01-01

As part of a continuing cooperative research between the Midwest Roadside Safety Facility (MwRSF); the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory (FPL); and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), several crashworthy wood bridge railings and approach railing transitions have been adapted for use on concrete bridge decks. These railings meet testing and...

Creep Shrinkage and CTE Evaluation: MoDOT's New Bridge Deck Mix Companion Testing to HPC Bridge Deck.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-02-01

MoDOT RDT Research Project R-I00-002 HPC for Bridge A6130 Route 412 Pemiscot County was recently completed in June of 2004 [Myers and Yang, 2004]. Among other research tasks, part of this research study investigated the creep, shrinkage and...

Development and construction of low-cracking high-performance concrete (LC-HPC) bridge decks : free shrinkage, moisture optimization and concrete production : summary report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-08-01

The development and evaluation of low-cracking high-performance concrete (LC-HPC) for use in bridge decks : is described based on laboratory test results and experience gained during the construction of 14 bridges. This report : emphasizes the materi...

Nondestructive Evaluation of Concrete Bridge Decks with Automated Acoustic Scanning System and Ground Penetrating Radar.

PubMed

Sun, Hongbin; Pashoutani, Sepehr; Zhu, Jinying

2018-06-16

Delamanintions and reinforcement corrosion are two common problems in concrete bridge decks. No single nondestructive testing method (NDT) is able to provide comprehensive characterization of these defects. In this work, two NDT methods, acoustic scanning and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), were used to image a straight concrete bridge deck and a curved intersection ramp bridge. An acoustic scanning system has been developed for rapid delamination mapping. The system consists of metal-ball excitation sources, air-coupled sensors, and a GPS positioning system. The acoustic scanning results are presented as a two-dimensional image that is based on the energy map in the frequency range of 0.5⁻5 kHz. The GPR scanning results are expressed as the GPR signal attenuation map to characterize concrete deterioration and reinforcement corrosion. Signal processing algorithms for both methods are discussed. Delamination maps from the acoustic scanning are compared with deterioration maps from the GPR scanning on both bridges. The results demonstrate that combining the acoustic and GPR scanning results will provide a complementary and comprehensive evaluation of concrete bridge decks.

Evaluation of bridge deck delamination investigation methods

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-07-01

An objective view of the relative advantages and limitations of the nondestructive, testing and evaluation methods that currently used in the inspection of bridge decks is presented and discussed. The three main nondestructive testing technologies th...

Bridge deck resurfacing using Rosphalt 50.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-10-01

Most bridge decks in Maine are comprised of Reinforced Portland Cement Concrete (RPCC). Although a : durable product, RPCC is permeable and susceptible to chloride penetration leading to corrosion of the : steel reinforcement and eventual cracking of...

Nondestructive evaluation of MoDOT bridge decks : pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition : assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research : was ground-coupled ground penetrating rada...

Glulam timber deck bridges : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-01-01

This report discusses the construction and initial condition of the Virginia Department of Highways and Transportation's first three bridges built with glulam panels on steel stringers. The data show that superstructures with glulam deck panels are m...

Nondestructive evaluation of MoDOT bridge decks : pilot study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-03-01

This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition assessments. The primary nondestructive : testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research was ground-coupled ground penetrating radar ...

Smart FRP Composite Sandwich Bridge Decks in Cold Regions

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-07-01

In this study, new and integrated Smart honeycomb Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (S-FRP) : sandwich materials for various transportation construction applications, with particular emphasis : on highway bridge decks in cold regions, were developed and teste...

Evaluation of bridge deck with shrinkage-compensating concrete.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-04-01

Concrete bridge decks are susceptible to premature cracking and to corrosion of reinforcing steel. Low-permeability : concrete does not always ensure durability if the concrete has excessive cracks that facilitate the intrusion of aggressive solution...

Bridge deck performance in Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-01-01

One of the most comprehensive programs for the evaluation and definition of the performance of concrete in bridge decks was that undertaken cooperatively by the Portland Cement Association, the Bureau of Public Roads, and eight states distributed thr...

Lightweight solid decks for movable bridges : [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-04-01

Florida International University researchers investigated a number of alternative bridge deck systems, which had been evaluated in prior research, to lay a complete foundation for further design and implementation procedures. The main objectives of t...

Phase 1 report on the development of predictive model for bridge deck cracking and strength development.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

Early-age cracking, typically caused by drying shrinkage (and often coupled with autogenous and thermal : shrinkage), can have several detrimental effects on long-term behavior and durability. Cracking can also provide : ingress of water that can dri...

Performance testing of HPC on Sunshine Bridge.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-09-01

The deck of the Sunshine Bridge overpass, located westbound on Interstate 40 (I-40) near Winslow, Arizona, was : replaced on August 24, 2005. The original deteriorated concrete deck was replaced using high performance : concrete (HPC), reinforced wit...

Evaluation of performance based concrete for bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-06-01

The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) revised the concrete : specification for bridge decks in 2011 to be more performance based with the desired effect of : having less early-age shrinkage cracking. This report evaluates a sample...

Bridge deck service life prediction and costs.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-01-01

The service life of Virginia's concrete bridge decks is generally controlled by chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcing steel as a result of the application of winter maintenance deicing salts. A chloride corrosion model accounting for the vari...

6. VIEW EAST OF CEMENT PIER AND TRAFFIC DECK SUPPORT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

6. VIEW EAST OF CEMENT PIER AND TRAFFIC DECK SUPPORT SYSTEM; NOTE FLOOR BEAMS AND STRINGERS VIEWED FROM UNDERNEATH THE BRIDGE - Water Street Bridge, County Route 119/26, over Guyandotte River, Logan, Logan County, WV

Internally cured concrete for pavement and bridge deck applications.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-07-01

A laboratory and field testing program was conducted to evaluate the performance and usability of internally : cured concrete (ICC) using lightweight aggregates for bridge decks and concrete pavement slabs under Florida : conditions. The laboratory t...

Steel-free hybrid reinforcement system for concrete bridge decks, phase 1

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-05-01

Use of nonferrous fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement bars (rebars) offers one promising alternative to mitigating the corrosion problem in steel reinforced concrete bridge decks. Resistance to chloride ion driven corrosion, high tensile str...

Smart FRP Composite Sandwich Bridge Decks in Cold Regions

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-07-01

In this study, new and integrated Smart honeycomb Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (S-FRP) sandwich materials for various transportation construction applications, with particular emphasis on highway bridge decks in cold regions, were developed and tested. T...

Self-stressed sandwich bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-01-01

Proposed is an entirely new type of bridge deck, consisting of an unreinforced lightweight concrete slab made of expanding cement sandwiched between two thin plates of steel. The expanding core serves to prestress the panel. Laboratory tests were con...

Methods for removing concrete decks from bridge girders.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-08-01

With ever tightening budgets and limitations of demolition equipment, states are looking for cost-effective, reliable, and : sustainable methods for removing concrete decks from bridges. : The goal of this research was to explore such methods. The re...

Evaluating Concrete Bridge Deck Performance

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-06-01

Since the service life of concrete bridge decks designed by traditional procedures is often shorter than desired, : their ability to withstand constant and heavy use in a variety of operating environments is of major concern. In : this project, the r...

Bridge deck resurfacing using Rosphalt 50 : construction report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-01-01

Most bridge decks in Maine are comprised of Reinforced Portland Cement Concrete (RPCC). Although a : durable product, RPCC is permeable and susceptible to chloride penetration leading to corrosion of the : steel reinforcement and eventual cracking of...

Alternatives to steel grid decks - phase II.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-09-01

The primary objective of this research project was to investigate alternatives to open grid steel decks for movable bridges. Three alternative deck systems, including aluminum deck, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC)-high-strength steel (HSS) dec...

Structural Assessment of Externally Strengthened Bridge Deck Panels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sim, Jongsung; Oh, Hongseob; Meyer, Christian

2006-03-01

Deteriorated concrete bridge decks are strengthened with external bonding technique using either steel plate or various FRPs to enhance the decreased load carrying capacity and serviceability. But the failure characteristics of bridge decks strengthened with various materials can be changed according to mechanical properties of strengthening materials or strengthening scheme as well as the strengthening amount. In this paper, strengthening effect of deck strengthened with carbon fiber sheets, glass fiber sheets or steel plates is compared. And the theoretical load carrying capacity are evaluated using yield line theory and punching shear model properly modified for the strengthened RC member. The panels strengthened with sheet type FRP materials failed more often in a ductile mode, indicating that the failure developed after the rebar yielded.

Use of lightweight concrete for reducing cracks in bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-04-01

Cracks in bridge decks can be due to many factors related to environmental effects, chemical reactions, and structural : loads. Careful selection of materials and mixture proportions can minimize cracking to some degree. To reduce cracking, : shrinka...

Comparative evaluation of concrete bridge deck sealers.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-08-01

The main objective of this research was to compare the performance of five bridge deck sealer products using a : synthesis of two testing methods: NCHRP Report 244 Series II tests and standards developed by the Alberta : Ministry of Transportation (B...

Performance of Rail Fastening Systems on an Open-Deck Bridge

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-02-01

Transportation Technology Center, Inc. (TTCI) monitored the performance of rail fasteners on an open-deck bridge and its approaches, located at Norfolk Southern Corporations (NS's) eastern mega site. The project was co-sponsored by the Federal Rai...

High-performance fiber-reinforced concrete in a bridge deck.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-01-01

The purpose of this research was to compare the performance of high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) with that of conventional concrete in a bridge deck. FRC is expected to increase toughness, provide enhanced residual strength, and minimi...

Behavior of Epoxy-Coated Textured Reinforcing Bars

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-04-01

Cracking in bridge decks is a common but difficult problem to control. Both research and experience show that the use of epoxy-coated reinforcement, which is mandated by most state departments of transportation (DOTs) for bridge decks, increases c...

Internally sealed concrete for bridge deck protection : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1983-01-01

This study investigated the characteristics of internally sealed concrete through tests on specimens fabricated in the laboratory to determine its properties and an installation in a bridge deck to assess the controls needed during construction and i...

Trinidad Lake asphalt overlay performance : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-07-01

Construction of the new Tacoma Narrows Bridge (TNB) included a steel orthotropic bridge deck. : The higher flexibility of an orthotropic deck causes pavement placed upon it to fatigue and crack more : quickly than pavement placed on a normal roadway....

Investigation of silica fume concrete bridge deck overlay failures.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-02-23

Many of these microsilica-modified concrete or silica fume concrete (SFC) bridge deck overlays across the State of Wyoming are suffering from premature distress that includes random cracking, loss of bond and delaminations. To determine the most like...

Evaluation of the Installation and Initial Condition of Rosphalt Overlays on Bridge Decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-06-01

"Protection systems are placed on bridge decks to retard the intrusion of chlorides and moisture that can eventually cause : corrosion deterioration. The Virginia Department of Transportation typically uses hydraulic cement concrete (HCC) overlays of...

Field evaluations of waterproof membrane systems for bridge decks, 1972-1974.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-01-01

Waterproof membrane systems are being studied by many agencies from the standpoint of their effectiveness in protecting the reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks against corrosion. Trial applications and evaluations of six such systems, includin...

Tool for analysis of early age transverse cracking of composite bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-08-29

"Executive Summary: Computational methods and associated software were developed : to compute stresses in HP concrete composite bridge decks due to temperature, shrinkage, and : vehicle loading. The structural analysis program uses a layered finite e...

Evaluation of bridge deck with shrinkage-compensating concrete : VCTIR report detail.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-01-01

Concrete bridge decks are susceptible to premature cracking and to corrosion of reinforcing steel. Low-permeability concrete does not always ensure durability if the concrete has excessive cracks that facilitate the intrusion of aggressive solutions....

3D laser scanning for quality control and assurance in bridge deck construction.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-08-01

The inspection of installations of rebar and other embedded components in bridge deck construction is a tedious : task for eld inspectors, requiring considerable eld time for measurement and verication against code requirement. The verica...

Field performance of timber bridges. 12, Christian Hollow stress-laminated box-beam bridge

Treesearch

J. P. Wacker; S. C. Catherman; R. G. Winnett

In January 1992, the Christian Hollow bridge was constructed in Steuben County, New York. The bridge is a single-span, stress-laminated box-beam superstructure that is 9.1 m long, 9.8 m wide, and 502 mm deep (30 ft long, 32 ft wide, and 19-3/4 in. deep). The performance of the bridge was continuously monitored for 28 months, beginning shortly after installation....

Photographic copy of circa 1935, black and white, 10” x ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photographic copy of circa 1935, black and white, 10” x 14” photograph. Located in box 14 of Huey P. Long Bridge folder (Greater New Orleans), at the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Archives Center, Work and Industry Division, Washington, D.C. Original Photographer unknown. PHOTOGRAPH OF COMPLETED BRIDGE TAKEN IN CENTER LOOKING SOUTHEAST AT EAST BANK SINGLE THROUGH TRUSS SPAN SHOWING PERIOD AUTOMOBILE AND WOMAN ON BICYCLE WEST BOUND. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

Demonstration of Thermoplastic Composite I-Beam Design Bridge at Camp Mackall, NC: Final Report on Projects FY08-16 and FY09-31

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

fastened to the deck surface, with spaces approximately every 6 ft (1.8 m) to allow water to run off... run the length of the bridge, touching edge to edge. The girders are through bolted to the pile caps. Decking is affixed to the girders with deck...fastened to the deck surface, with spaces approximately every 6 ft (1.8 m) to allow water to run off. ERDC/CERL TR-17-45 49 Figure 43. Holes

Static and Dynamic Characteristics of a Long-Span Cable-Stayed Bridge with CFRP Cables

PubMed Central

Xie, Xu; Li, Xiaozhang; Shen, Yonggang

2014-01-01

In this study, the scope of CFRP cables in cable-stayed bridges is studied by establishing a numerical model of a 1400-m span of the same. The mechanical properties and characteristics of CFRP stay cables and of a cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables are here subjected to comprehensive analysis. The anomalies in the damping properties of free vibration, nonlinear parametric vibration and wind fluctuating vibration between steel cables and CFRP cables are determined. The structural stiffness, wind resistance and traffic vibration of the cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables are also analyzed. It was found that the static performances of a cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables and steel cables are basically the same. The natural frequencies of CFRP cables do not coincide with the major natural frequencies of the cable-stayed bridge, so the likelihood of CFRP cable-bridge coupling vibration is minuscule. For CFRP cables, the response amplitudes of both parametric vibration and wind fluctuating vibration are smaller than those of steel cables. It can be concluded from the research that the use of CFRP cables does not change the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration. Therefore, they can be used in long-span cable-stayed bridges with an excellent mechanical performance. PMID:28788710

Static and Dynamic Characteristics of a Long-Span Cable-Stayed Bridge with CFRP Cables.

PubMed

Xie, Xu; Li, Xiaozhang; Shen, Yonggang

2014-06-23

In this study, the scope of CFRP cables in cable-stayed bridges is studied by establishing a numerical model of a 1400-m span of the same. The mechanical properties and characteristics of CFRP stay cables and of a cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables are here subjected to comprehensive analysis. The anomalies in the damping properties of free vibration, nonlinear parametric vibration and wind fluctuating vibration between steel cables and CFRP cables are determined. The structural stiffness, wind resistance and traffic vibration of the cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables are also analyzed. It was found that the static performances of a cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables and steel cables are basically the same. The natural frequencies of CFRP cables do not coincide with the major natural frequencies of the cable-stayed bridge, so the likelihood of CFRP cable-bridge coupling vibration is minuscule. For CFRP cables, the response amplitudes of both parametric vibration and wind fluctuating vibration are smaller than those of steel cables. It can be concluded from the research that the use of CFRP cables does not change the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration. Therefore, they can be used in long-span cable-stayed bridges with an excellent mechanical performance.

Understanding and mitigating effects of chloride deicer exposure on concrete.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-09-01

Field and laboratory investigations were conducted to examine the effects of chloride deicers on concrete : bridge decks and to identify and evaluate best practices and products to mitigate such effects. The concrete bridge decks : exposed to KAc or ...

Evaluation of thin overlays for bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-11-01

Eight thin polymer overlay systems were evaluated in the laboratory and on two bridge decks exposed to trucks and passenger vehicles including those with studded tires. The products were Mark 154, Flex-O-Lith, Safetrack HW, Kwik Bond PPC MLS, Tyregri...

Internally cured concrete for pavement and bridge deck applications : [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-08-01

High-strength-high-performance concrete (HSHPC) is used for rapid repair of concrete : bridge decks and pavement. However, HSHPC has very high early shrinkage, often leading to : cracking, made worse by high ambient temperatures and a large surface a...

Polyurethane foam infill for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bridge deck panels.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-05-01

The objective of the proposed research is to develop, test, and evaluate fiber-reinforced, polyurethane foams to replace the costly : honeycomb construction currently used to manufacture FRP bridge deck panels. The effort will focus on developing an ...

Evaluation of bent caps in reinforced concrete deck girder bridges : part 2.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-09-01

This report describes research conducted to enable evaluation of existing vintage bent cap beams in reinforced concrete : deck girder bridges. The report is organized into two parts: 1) flexural anchorage capacity response and prediction of : reduced...

Evaluation of bent caps in reinforced concrete deck girder bridges : part 1.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-09-01

This report describes research conducted to enable evaluation of existing vintage bent cap beams in reinforced concrete : deck girder bridges. The report is organized into two parts: 1) flexural anchorage capacity response and prediction of : reduced...

PCP cracking and bridge deck reinforcement : an interim report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-10-28

TxDOT Project 0-6348 Controlling Cracking in Prestressed Concrete Panels and Optimizing Bridge Deck : Reinforcing Steel started on September 1, 2008 and is scheduled to end on August 31, 2012. The project is : proceeding on schedule. This repor...

Structural design guidelines for concrete bridge decks reinforced with corrosion-resistant reinforcing bars.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-10-01

This research program develops and validates structural design guidelines and details for concrete bridge decks with : corrosion-resistant reinforcing (CRR) bars. A two-phase experimental program was conducted where a control test set consistent : wi...

Creation of an ODOT specification for patching or overlay of bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-09-01

Bridge deck cracking is a huge problem in the United States, and various agencies have sponsored research endeavoring to determine the underlying problems. A number of causes have been identified, including thermal movement, plastic shrinkage, and ea...

Failure of riprap protection : phase II (final report).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-06-01

Riprap rundowns are often used by the New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT) to : capture and drain the runoff approaching or leaving bridge decks. Rundowns are generally located at : the ends of a bridge deck to transport the water down the...

A feasibility study of bridge deck deicing using geothermal energy.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-04-01

In this study, we investigated the feasibility of a ground-coupled system that utilizes heat energy harvested from the ground for : deicing of bridge decks. Heat exchange is performed using circulation loops integrated into the deep foundations suppo...

A survey of waterproofing membrane systems for bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1972-01-01

This survey was concerned with only a few of the many waterproof systems available for sealing concrete bridge decks, and made use of personal contacts with engineers of other highway agencies. The information gathered indicated that there were sever...

An experience survey on the use of permanent steel bridge deck forms.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-01-01

Permanent forms for bridge decks have become increasingly more attractive to the construction industry in recent years. Many highway officials however, have reservations concerning the use of permanent steel forms. These reservations are related to t...

Latex-modified fiber-reinforced concrete bridge deck overlay : construction/interim report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1993-06-01

Latex-modified concrete (LMC) is Portland cement concrete (PCC) with an admixture of latex. LMC is considered to be nearly impermeable to chlorides and is extensively used to construct bridge deck overlays. Unfortunately, some of these overlays have ...

Microsilica modified concrete for bridge deck overlays : second-year interim report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-10-01

This report summarizes the performance of microsilica concrete (MC) overlays on seven distressed portland cement concrete bridge decks at three sites in Oregon. This report emphasizes the overlays' condition after two, or in some cases, three years o...

Mitigation strategies for early-age shrinkage cracking in bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-04-01

Early-age shrinkage cracking has been observed in many concrete bridge decks in Washington State and elsewhere around the U.S. The cracking increases the effects of freeze-thaw damage, spalling, and corrosion of steel reinforcement, thus resulting in...

Air-launched GPR evaluation for rapid assessment of MoDOT bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-08-01

The overarching goal of this study is to demonstrate that advanced nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) techniques can be rapidly, effectively, and economically implemented as part of routine MoDOT bridge deck surveys to determine the general ...

Evaluation of thin overlays for bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-11-01

Eight thin polymer overlay systems were evaluated in the laboratory and on two bridge decks exposed to trucks and passenger vehicles including those with studded tires. The products were Mark 154, Flex-O-Lith, Safetrack HW, Kwik Bond PPC MLS, Tyregri...

Bridge deck resurfacing using Rosphalt 50 : interim report - first year, December 2004.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-12-01

Most bridge decks in Maine are comprised of Reinforced Portland Cement Concrete (RPCC). Although a : durable product, RPCC is permeable and susceptible to chloride penetration leading to corrosion of the : steel reinforcement and eventual cracking of...

1. A LONG VIEW, LOOKING SOUTHWEST FROM THE NORTH SIDE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. A LONG VIEW, LOOKING SOUTHWEST FROM THE NORTH SIDE OF LEATHERWOOD CREEK TOWARD THE EAST (UPSTREAM) SIDE OF THE BRIDGE. - Cement Plant Road Bridge, Spanning Leatherwood Creek on County Road 50 South, Bedford, Lawrence County, IN

Quantifying reinforced concrete bridge deck deterioration using ground penetrating radar

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martino, Nicole Marie

Bridge decks are deteriorating at an alarming rate due to corrosion of the reinforcing steel, requiring billions of dollars to repair and replace them. Furthermore, the techniques used to assess the decks don't provide enough quantitative information. In recent years, ground penetrating radar (GPR) has been used to quantify deterioration by comparing the rebar reflection amplitudes to technologies serving as ground truth, because there is not an available amplitude threshold to distinguish healthy from corroded areas using only GPR. The goal of this research is to understand the relationship between GPR and deck deterioration, and develop a model to determine deterioration quantities with GPR alone. The beginning of this research determines that not only is the relationship between GPR and rebar corrosion stronger than the relationship between GPR and delaminations, but that the two are exceptionally correlated (90.2% and 86.6%). Next, multiple bridge decks were assessed with GPR and half-cell potential (HCP). Statistical parameters like the mean and skewness were computed for the GPR amplitudes of each deck, and coupled with actual corrosion quantities based on the HCP measurements to form a future bridge deck model that can be used to assess any deck with GPR alone. Finally, in order to understand exactly which component of rebar corrosion (rust, cracking or chloride) attenuates the GPR data, computational modeling was carried out to isolate each variable. The results indicate that chloride is the major contributor to the rebar reflection attenuation, and that computational modeling can be used to accurately simulate GPR attenuation due to chloride.

Effect of voids in grouted post-tensioned concrete bridge construction : inspection and repair manual for external tendons in segmental, post-tensioned bridges.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-11-01

Segmental, post-tensioned (PT) bridges are major structures that carry significant traffic. These bridges are designed and constructed because they are economical for spanning long distances. In Texas, there are several signature PT bridges. In the l...

Development of high-performance concrete mixtures for durable bridge decks in Montana using locally available materials.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-03-01

"The Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) is performing research to develop a cost-effective, indigenous highperformance : concrete (HPC) for use in bridge deck applications. The investigation was divided into two tasks: 1) : identification of ...

Evaluation of bent caps in reinforced concrete deck girder bridges, part 2 : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-09-01

This report describes research conducted to enable evaluation of existing vintage bent cap beams in reinforced concrete : deck girder bridges. The report is organized into two parts: 1) flexural anchorage capacity response and prediction of : reduced...

Evaluation of bent caps in reinforced concrete deck girder bridges, part 1 : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-09-01

This report describes research conducted to enable evaluation of existing vintage bent cap beams in reinforced concrete : deck girder bridges. The report is organized into two parts: 1) flexural anchorage capacity response and prediction of : reduced...

Microsilica modified concrete for bridge deck overlays : construction report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1990-10-01

The study objective was to see if microsilica concrete (MC) is a viable alternative to the latex modified concrete (LMC) usually used on bridge deck overlays in Oregon. The study addresses MC overlays placed in 1989 on Portland cement concrete (PCC) ...

A slotted cathodic protection system for bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1985-01-01

A non-overlay, slotted cathodic protection system was installed two years ago on a concrete bridge deck in Virginia. The design, installation, and operation of this system are fairly straightforward. A protective current density of 1.6 mA/ft (17 mA...

The Economic Impact of Implementing Nondestructive Testing of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks in Indiana

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-08-01

The deck is among the most expensive components of a bridge over its lifetime because of the frequent and costly maintenance and rehabilitation required. Currently, the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) performs visual inspections of a bri...

Experimental use of fly ash concrete in prefabricated bridge-deck slabs.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1987-01-01

Hydraulic cement concretes with and without fly ash were investigated to assess the suitability of using fly ash in bridge-deck concrete. Eight prefabricated concrete slabs were prepared: four were control and the remaining contained fly ash. They we...

Interim Evaluation of Three Instrumented Bridge Decks in Saco, Montana

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-06-01

Since the service life of concrete bridge decks designed by traditional procedures is often shorter than desired, : their ability to withstand constant and heavy use in a variety of operating environments is of major concern. In : this project, the r...

Influence of fly ash, slag cement and specimen curing on shrinkage of bridge deck concrete.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-12-01

Cracks occur in bridge decks due to restrained shrinkage of concrete materials. Concrete materials shrink as : cementitious materials hydrate and as water that is not chemically bonded to cementitious materials : migrates from the high humid environm...

Determination Of Bridge Deck Subsurface Anomalies Using Infrared Thermography And Ground Penetrating Radar

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-09-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of infrared (IR) thermography and ground penetrating radar (GPR) to find subsurface anomalies, delaminations and de-bonding, on asphalt concrete overlaid concrete bridge decks. The traditional "chaini...

Impact of overweight vehicles (with heavy axle loads) on bridge deck deterioration.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-03-01

Bridge deck slabs develop compressive stresses from global flexural deformation and locally from high-level : wheel loads when it is subjected to overweight trucks. This study quantified the impact of overweight vehicles : with heavy axle loads on br...

Experimental and analytical investigation of full-depth precast deck panels on prestressed I-girders.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-01-01

A bridge with precast bridge deck panels was built at the Virginia Tech Structures Laboratory to examine constructibility issues, creep and shrinkage behavior, and strength and fatigue performance of transverse joints, different types of shear connec...

Seven-year evaluation of three instrumented bridge decks in Saco, Montana.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-11-01

Since the service life of concrete bridge decks designed by traditional procedures is often shorter than : desired, their ability to withstand constant and heavy use in a variety of operating environments is of : major concern. In this project, the r...

Seven-Year Evaluation of Three Instrumented Bridge Decks in Saco, Montana

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-11-01

Since the service life of concrete bridge decks designed by traditional procedures is often shorter than : desired, their ability to withstand constant and heavy use in a variety of operating environments is of : major concern. In this project, the r...

Analysis and testing of a bridge deck reinforced with GFRP rebars : final report, April 3, 2007.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-04-03

The present project had two main objectives, to experimentally and analytically investigate a bridge deck reinforced with glass : fiber reinforced polymer rebars, and to perform durability tests on four rebar types. : An analytical investigation was ...

Review and specification for shrinkage cracks of bridge decks : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-12-01

An existing standard method ASTM C157 is used to determine the length change or free shrinkage of an unrestrained concrete specimen. However, in bridge decks, the concrete is actually under restrained conditions, and thus free shrinkage test methods ...

Empirical deck for phased construction and widening [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-06-01

The most common method used to design and analyze bridge decks, termed the traditional : method, treats a deck slab as if it were made of strips supported by inflexible girders. An : alternative the empirical method treats the deck slab as a ...

2. A LONG VIEW, LOOKING NORTHEAST FROM A SANDBAR LOCATED ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

2. A LONG VIEW, LOOKING NORTHEAST FROM A SANDBAR LOCATED DOWN RIVER OF THE BRIDGE. THE VIEW SHOWS THE WEST OR DOWNSTREAM SIDE. - Cement Plant Road Bridge, Spanning Leatherwood Creek on County Road 50 South, Bedford, Lawrence County, IN

1. A LONG VIEW, LOOKING WEST FROM THE SOUTHEAST BANK ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. A LONG VIEW, LOOKING WEST FROM THE SOUTHEAST BANK OF ROCK CREEK DITCH SHOWING THE EAST SIDE OF THE BRIDGE. - Wells County Bridge No. 74, Spanning Rock Creek Ditch at County Road 400, Bluffton, Wells County, IN

Photographic copy of drawing by Modjeski and Masters, Engineers of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photographic copy of drawing by Modjeski and Masters, Engineers of the proposed Huey P. Long Bridge Widening. Original drawing located in the office of Modjeski and Masters, Consulting Engineers at 1055 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA. 70130. MAY 13, 2005 DRAWING OF THE PROPOSED HUEY P. LONG BRIDGE WIDENING, U.S. 90, MAIN BRIDGE SUBSTRUCTURE, SHOWING STRUCTURE PLAN AND ELEVATION -2 AND TYPICAL SECTION THROUGH BRIDGE. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

Development and validation of deterioration models for concrete bridge decks - phase 2 : mechanics-based degradation models.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-06-01

This report summarizes a research project aimed at developing degradation models for bridge decks in the state of Michigan based on durability mechanics. A probabilistic framework to implement local-level mechanistic-based models for predicting the c...

Repair and protection of hydraulic cement concrete bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-01-01

The report is an updated version of "A Manual for the Repair and Protection of Hydraulic Cement Concrete Bridge Decks" (VTRC 90-TAR2). The report was prepared for Chapter 2 of the Hydraulic Cement Concrete Construction School Study Guide which is dis...

Evaluation of bridge decks using non-destructive evaluation (NDE) at near highway speeds for effective asset management - pilot project.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-09-29

This project piloted the findings from an initial research and development project pertaining to the detection, : quantification, and visualization of bridge deck distresses through the use of remote sensing techniques, specifically : combining optic...

CRASH TEST AND EVALUATION OF RESTRAINED SAFETY-SHAPE CONCRETE BARRIERS ON CONCRETE BRIDGE DECK

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-01-01

This research designed and tested a new portable concrete barrier that meets the performance of MASH TL-4 and can be used in temporary and permanent applications on bridge decks. Additionally, this new barrier system will minimize deflection, allowin...

Corrosion protection service life of epoxy-coated reinforcing steel in Virginia bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-01-01

The corrosion protection service life extension provided by epoxy-coated reinforcement (ECR) was determined by comparing ECR and bare steel bars from 10 Virginia bridge decks built between 1981 and 1995. The objective was to determine the corrosion p...

First bridge structure with lightweight high-performance concrete beams and deck in Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-01-01

This study involved the construction and early performance of the first bridge in Virginia constructed with lightweight high-performance concrete (LWHPC) having a density of 120 lb/ft3 in the beams and deck. The design strength and permeability were ...

Internally sealed concrete for bridge deck protection : interim report no. 1.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-01-01

The study reported here was performed to extend the body of knowledge concerning the use of internally sealed concrete to protect bridge deck reinforcing steel. A laboratory determination of the properties of the wax and concrete used and a field eva...

Investigation into shrinkage of high-performance concrete used for Iowa bridge decks and overlays.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-09-01

High-performance concrete (HPC) overlays have been used increasingly as an effective and economical method for bridge decks in Iowa and other states. However, due to its high cementitious material content, HPC often displays high shrinkage cracking p...

Evaluation of thin epoxy system overlays for concrete bridge decks : interim report No. 1.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1986-05-01

Four epoxy overlay systems were applied to concrete bridge decks in north Louisiana to evaluate their performance as skid resistant surfaces primarily and also as concrete sealers. Dural Flexolith, Poly-Carb Flexogrid, and Con/Chem Cono/Crete were pl...

Microsilica modified concrete for bridge deck overlays : first-year interim report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1991-11-01

The study objective was to see if microsilica concrete (MC) is a viable alternative to the latex modified concrete (LMC) usually used on bridge deck overlays in Oregon. The study addresses MC overlays placed in 1989 on 7 portland cement concrete (PCC...

Effectiveness of polymer bridge deck overlays in highway noise reduction : technical paper.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-04-01

The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) began placing multi-layer polymer bridge deck overlays in 1999 and at the present time have over 200 in service. A few years after placing the overlays, individuals indicated that they noticed how quiet ...

Evaluation of thin epoxy system overlays for concrete bridge decks : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1991-12-01

Four overlay systems were applied to concrete bridge decks in north Louisiana in May 1995 to evaluate their performance as friction surface and also as concrete sealers. Dural Flexolith, Poly-Carb Flexogrid, and Con/Chem Con/Crete were placed on thre...

Evaluation of wearing surface materials for FRP bridge decks : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-07-01

The wearing surface on many fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite bridge decks have cracked or delaminated after only a short time in service. Consequently, a set of tests were conducted on four wearing surface products in order to select the mate...

Design of bridges against large tectonic deformation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anastasopoulos, I.; Gazetas, G.; Drosos, V.; Georgarakos, T.; Kourkoulis, R.

2008-12-01

The engineering community has devoted much effort to understanding the response of soil-structure systems to seismic ground motions, but little attention to the effects of an outcropping fault offset. The 1999 earthquakes of Turkey and Taiwan, offering a variety of case histories of structural damage due to faulting, have (re)fueled the interest on the subject. This paper presents a methodology for design of bridges against tectonic deformation. The problem is decoupled in two analysis steps: the first (at the local level) deals with the response of a single pier and its foundation to fault rupture propagating through the soil, and the superstructure is modeled in a simplified manner; and the second (at the global level) investigates detailed models of the superstructure subjected to the support (differential) displacements of Step 1. A parametric study investigates typical models of viaduct and overpass bridges, founded on piles or caissons. Fixed-head piled foundations are shown to be rather vulnerable to faulting-induced deformation. End-bearing piles in particular are unable to survive bedrock offsets exceeding 10 cm. Floating piles perform better, and if combined with hinged pile-to-cap connections, they could survive much larger offsets. Soil resilience is beneficial in reducing pile distress. Caisson foundations are almost invariably successful. Statically-indeterminate superstructures are quite vulnerable, while statically-determinate are insensitive (allowing differential displacements and rotations without suffering any distress). For large-span cantilever-construction bridges, where a statically determinate system is hardly an option, inserting resilient seismic isolation bearings is advantageous as long as ample seating can prevent the deck from falling off the supports. An actual application of the developed method is presented for a major bridge, demonstrating the feasibility of design against tectonic deformation.

Photographic copy of drawing by Modjeski and Masters, Engineers of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photographic copy of drawing by Modjeski and Masters, Engineers of the proposed Huey P. Long Bridge Widening. Original drawing located in the office of Modjeski and Masters, Consulting Engineers at 1055 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA. 70130. MAY 13, 2005 DRAWING OF THE PROPOSED HUEY P. LONG BRIDGE WIDENING, U.S. 90, MAIN BRIDGE SUBSTRUCTURE, SHOWING GENERAL PLAN AND ELEVATION. - Huey P. Long Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River approximately midway between nine & twelve mile points upstream from & west of New Orleans, Jefferson, Jefferson Parish, LA

Characterization of stormwater runoff from bridges in North Carolina and the effects of bridge runoff on receiving streams

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wagner, Chad; Fitzgerald, Sharon; Lauffer, Matthew

2015-01-01

The presentation will provide an overview of a collaborative study between USGS, NC Department of Transportation and URS Corporation to characterize stormwater runoff from bridges in North Carolina and the effects of bridge runoff on receiving streams. This investigation measured bridge deck runoff from 15 bridges for 12-15 storms, stream water-quality data for baseflow and storm conditions at four of the bridge deck sites and streambed sediment chemistry upstream and downstream of 30 bridges across North Carolina. Background on why the study was conducted, objectives and scope and a general summary of the major results and conclusions will be presented.

Effect of voids in grouted, post-tensioned concrete bridge construction : volume 2--inspection, repair, materials, and risks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-09-01

Post-tensioned (PT) bridges are major structures that carry significant traffic. These bridges are designed and : constructed because they are economical for spanning long distances. In Texas, there are several signature PT : bridges. In the late 199...

A case study of three methods used in detecting bridge deck deterioration associated with spalling.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1973-01-01

The three most widely used current methods for detecting deterioration of concrete bridge decks associated with spalling were compared with a visual inspection of the reinforcing steel and to each other in order to determine the degree of agreement a...

An evaluation of the performance of concretes containing fly ash and ground slag in bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-01-01

Cores from 36 bridge decks were evaluated to assess the condition and quality of the concrete by petrographic methods and direct and indirect measures of the transport properties. Transport properties were measured by a rate of absorption test (ASTM ...

Fatigue Assessment for the Failed Bridge Deck Closure Pour at Mile Marker 43 on I-81.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-04-01

"Fatigue of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks has not been identified as a common failure mode. Generally, the : stress range occurring in reinforcing steel is below the fatigue threshold and infinite fatigue life can be expected. Closure po...

Relationship between properties of hardened concrete and bridge deck performance in Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1985-01-01

Among Virginia's research efforts during the 1960's was the study of concrete placed in 17 randomly selected bridge decks during and subsequent to their construction in 1963, with the purpose of relating the properties of the concrete as placed to it...

Development and evaluation of an adhesively bonded panel-to-panel joint for a fiber-reinforced polymer bridge deck system.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-01-01

A fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite cellular deck system was used to rehabilitate a historical cast iron thru-truss structure (Hawthorne Street Bridge in Covington, Virginia). The most important characteristic of this application is reduction ...

Performance evaluation of Iowa bridge decks constructed with epoxy-coated reinforcing bars.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-08-01

Epoxy coatings have been used on the embedded reinforcing bars of bridge decks since the mid-1970s to : mitigate deterioration caused by chloride-induced corrosion. The use of chloride-based deicers became : common in the early 1960s and caused corro...

Stay-in-place bridge deck forms, a state of the art review. Prestressed panel subdecks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1973-01-01

The results of prior research conducted on precast prestressed panel subdecks for use in the construction of bridge decks are reviewed and summarized. This construction technique utilizes the precast panel subdecks as the forming for the cast-in-plac...

Flexural strength and fatigue of steel fiber reinforced concrete (2004 Hale Boggs deck).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-12-01

Through its history, a variety of wearing surface systems for the orthotropic steel deck of the Luling Bridge (aka Hale Boggs : Bridge) have been built and studied. The main problem with these systems was they did not last the expected service life (...

Material investigation of the full-depth, precast concrete deck panels of the old Woodrow Wilson Bridge.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-01-01

The Woodrow Wilson Memorial Bridge crossing the Potomac River near Washington, D.C., was replaced after more than 45 years of service. Researchers examined the full-depth, precast lightweight concrete deck panels that were installed on this structure...

Cathodic protection of two concrete bridge decks using titanium-mesh anodes : interim report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1991-01-01

Expanded titanium mesh with a layer of precious metal oxides sintered around it has recently been introduced to fulfill the need for a durable anode in the cathodic protection (CP) of concrete bridge decks. In addition to being resistant to chemical ...

Evaluation of the SafeLane overlay system for crash reduction on bridge deck surfaces.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-01

The winter performance of the SafeLane commercial overlay system has been evaluated at four installations on : bridge decks in the state of Minnesota. The study was conducted over a period of a total of three years. Analyses : included mechanical ...

SMART PEBBLES : passive embeddable wireless sensors for chloride ingress monitoring in bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-06-01

SRI International has developed a wireless sensor for monitoring the level of chloride : ingress into concrete bridge decks. We call this device a Smart Pebble since it has : roughly the size and weight of a typical piece of the rock aggregate tha...

Development of a cost-effective concrete bridge deck preservation program : volume 2--final results and recommendations.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-07-01

The deterioration of bridge decks has been identified as a major problem in Indiana. The primary cause of this deterioration is salt water : ingress from the application of deicing salts during the winter. Deicing chemicals placed on the road mix wit...

A Model to predict the impact of specification changes on the chloride-induced service life of Virginia bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-01-01

A model to determine the time to first repair and subsequent rehabilitation of concrete bridge decks exposed to chloride deicer salts that recognizes and incorporates the statistical nature of factors affecting the corrosion process is developed. The...

Air-launched GPR evaluation for rapid assessment of MoDOT bridge decks.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-03-01

This study demonstrated the utility of the air-launched ground penetrating radar (GPR) tool in terms of : evaluating the condition of MoDOT bridge decks. The objective was to confirm that the air-launched GPR : tool can be implemented as a part of a ...

Live load test and failure analysis for the steel deck truss bridge over the New River in Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

This report presents the methods used to model a steel deck truss bridge over the New River in Hillsville, Virginia. These methods were evaluated by comparing analytical results with data recorded from 14 members during live load testing. The researc...

Evaluation of performance and maximum length of continuous decks in bridges : part 1.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-06-01

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the performance history of continuous bridge decks in the State of Georgia, to determine why the current design detail works, to recommend a new design detail, and to recommend the maximum and/or optimum l...

Prescribing a bridge deck ride quality repair using the South Dakota road profiler and the Dipstick : technical assistance report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-01-01

This report describes how two sophisticated road roughness instruments were used to investigate the feasibility of a bridge deck ride quality repair. The instruments were the South Dakota Road Profiler (SDRP) and the Face Companies' Dipstick. The b...

Effect of voids in grouted, post-tensioned concrete bridge construction : volume 1--electrochemical testing and reliability assessment.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-09-01

Post-tensioned (PT) bridges are major structures that carry significant traffic. PT bridges are economical for spanning long distances. : In Texas, there are several signature PT bridges. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, several state highway agenc...