New optimization strategies of pavement maintenance: A case study for national road network in Indonesia using integrated road management system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamdi, Hadiwardoyo, Sigit P.; Correia, A. Gomes; Pereira, Paulo

2017-06-01

A road network requires timely maintenance to keep the road surface in good condition onward better services to improve accessibility and mobility. Strategies and maintenance techniques must be chosen in order to maximize road service level through cost-effective interventions. This approach requires an updated database, which the road network in Indonesia is supported by a manual and visual survey, also using NAASRA profiler. Furthermore, in this paper, the deterministic model of deterioration was used. This optimization model uses life cycle cost analysis (LCCA), applied in an integrated manner, using IRI indicator, and allows determining the priority of treatment, type of treatment and its relation to the cost. The purpose of this paper was focussed on the aspects of road maintenance management, i.e., maintenance optimization models for different levels of traffic and various initial of road distress conditions on the national road network in Indonesia. The implementation of Integrated Road Management System (IRMS) can provide a solution to the problem of cost constraints in the maintenance of the national road network. The results from this study found that as the lowest as agency cost, it will affect the increasing of user cost. With the achievement of the target plan scenario Pl000 with initial value IRI 2, it was found that the routine management throughout the year and in early reconstruction and periodic maintenance with a 30 mm thick overlay, will simultaneously provide a higher net benefit value and has the lowest total cost of transportation.

77 FR 488 - Control of Emissions From New Highway Vehicles and Engines; Approval of New Scheduled Maintenance...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-05

... and engine manufacturers began planning to meet those requirements by optimizing engine designs for low emissions and adding high-efficiency aftertreatment systems. Manufacturers examined the use of... recirculation, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR). SCR systems use a nitrogen-containing reducing agent...

40 CFR 63.1187 - What do I need to know about operations, maintenance, and monitoring plans?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... operations, maintenance, and monitoring plans? 63.1187 Section 63.1187 Protection of Environment... about operations, maintenance, and monitoring plans? (a) An operations, maintenance, and monitoring plan... title V permit. (b) The operations, maintenance, and monitoring plan must include the following: (1...

A mathematical tool to generate complex whole body motor tasks and test hypotheses on underlying motor planning.

PubMed

Tagliabue, Michele; Pedrocchi, Alessandra; Pozzo, Thierry; Ferrigno, Giancarlo

2008-01-01

In spite of the complexity of human motor behavior, difficulties in mathematical modeling have restricted to rather simple movements attempts to identify the motor planning criterion used by the central nervous system. This paper presents a novel-simulation technique able to predict the "desired trajectory" corresponding to a wide range of kinematic and kinetic optimality criteria for tasks involving many degrees of freedom and the coordination between goal achievement and balance maintenance. Employment of proper time discretization, inverse dynamic methods and constrained optimization technique are combined. The application of this simulator to a planar whole body pointing movement shows its effectiveness in managing system nonlinearities and instability as well as in ensuring the anatomo-physiological feasibility of predicted motor plans. In addition, the simulator's capability to simultaneously optimize competing movement aspects represents an interesting opportunity for the motor control community, in which the coexistence of several controlled variables has been hypothesized.

On the use of genetic algorithm to optimize industrial assets lifecycle management under safety and budget constraints

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lonchampt, J.; Fessart, K.

2013-07-01

The purpose of this paper is to describe the method and tool dedicated to optimize investments planning for industrial assets. These investments may either be preventive maintenance tasks, asset enhancements or logistic investments such as spare parts purchases. The two methodological points to investigate in such an issue are: 1. The measure of the profitability of a portfolio of investments 2. The selection and planning of an optimal set of investments 3. The measure of the risk of a portfolio of investments The measure of the profitability of a set of investments in the IPOP tool is synthesised in themore » Net Present Value indicator. The NPV is the sum of the differences of discounted cash flows (direct costs, forced outages...) between the situations with and without a given investment. These cash flows are calculated through a pseudo-Markov reliability model representing independently the components of the industrial asset and the spare parts inventories. The component model has been widely discussed over the years but the spare part model is a new one based on some approximations that will be discussed. This model, referred as the NPV function, takes for input an investments portfolio and gives its NPV. The second issue is to optimize the NPV. If all investments were independent, this optimization would be an easy calculation, unfortunately there are two sources of dependency. The first one is introduced by the spare part model, as if components are indeed independent in their reliability model, the fact that several components use the same inventory induces a dependency. The second dependency comes from economic, technical or logistic constraints, such as a global maintenance budget limit or a safety requirement limiting the residual risk of failure of a component or group of component, making the aggregation of individual optimum not necessary feasible. The algorithm used to solve such a difficult optimization problem is a genetic algorithm. After a description of the features of the software a test case is presented showing the influence of the optimization algorithm parameters on its efficiency to find an optimal investments planning. (authors)« less

A comparative evaluation plan for the Maintenance, Inventory, and Logistics Planning (MILP) System Human-Computer Interface (HCI)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Overmyer, Scott P.

1993-01-01

The primary goal of this project was to develop a tailored and effective approach to the design and evaluation of the human-computer interface (HCI) to the Maintenance, Inventory and Logistics Planning (MILP) System in support of the Mission Operations Directorate (MOD). An additional task that was undertaken was to assist in the review of Ground Displays for Space Station Freedom (SSF) by attending the Ground Displays Interface Group (GDIG), and commenting on the preliminary design for these displays. Based upon data gathered over the 10 week period, this project has hypothesized that the proper HCI concept for navigating through maintenance databases for large space vehicles is one based upon a spatial, direct manipulation approach. This dialogue style can be then coupled with a traditional text-based DBMS, after the user has determined the general nature and location of the information needed. This conclusion is in contrast with the currently planned HCI for MILP which uses a traditional form-fill-in dialogue style for all data access and retrieval. In order to resolve this difference in HCI and dialogue styles, it is recommended that comparative evaluation be performed which combines the use of both subjective and objective metrics to determine the optimal (performance-wise) and preferred approach for end users. The proposed plan has been outlined in the previous paragraphs and is available in its entirety in the Technical Report associated with this project. Further, it is suggested that several of the more useful features of the Maintenance Operations Management System (MOMS), especially those developed by the end-users, be incorporated into MILP to save development time and money.

Developing a Quality Improvement Process to Optimize Faculty Success

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merillat, Linda; Scheibmeir, Monica

2016-01-01

As part of a major shift to embed quality improvement processes within a School of Nursing at a medium-sized Midwestern university, a faculty enrichment program using a Plan-Do-Act-Study design was implemented. A central focus for the program was the development and maintenance of an online faculty resource center identified as "My Faculty…

A Methodical Development of Measures of Effectiveness for a Condition-Based Maintenance Management System

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

21 C . CMMS USE IN THE LCS PROGRAM ......................................................22 D. CBM+ MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM...45 b. Plan Maintenance Budgeting .................................................45 c . Plan Maintenance Logistics... Maintenance Planning ...................................46 b. Communicate Maintenance Budget .......................................46 c . Communicate

Maintenance Business Plans.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, Matt

2002-01-01

Discusses maintenance business plans, statements which provide accountability for facilities maintenance organizations' considerable budgets. Discusses the plan's components: statement of plan objectives, macro and detailed description of the facility assets, maintenance function descriptions, description of key performance indicators, milestone…

Manufacturing engineering: Principles for optimization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koenig, Daniel T.

Various subjects in the area of manufacturing engineering are addressed. The topics considered include: manufacturing engineering organization concepts and management techniques, factory capacity and loading techniques, capital equipment programs, machine tool and equipment selection and implementation, producibility engineering, methods, planning and work management, and process control engineering in job shops. Also discussed are: maintenance engineering, numerical control of machine tools, fundamentals of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture, computer-aided process planning and data collection, group technology basis for plant layout, environmental control and safety, and the Integrated Productivity Improvement Program.

Demonstration of decomposition and optimization in the design of experimental space systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Padula, Sharon; Sandridge, Chris A.; Haftka, Raphael T.; Walsh, Joanne L.

1989-01-01

Effective design strategies for a class of systems which may be termed Experimental Space Systems (ESS) are needed. These systems, which include large space antenna and observatories, space platforms, earth satellites and deep space explorers, have special characteristics which make them particularly difficult to design. It is argued here that these same characteristics encourage the use of advanced computer-aided optimization and planning techniques. The broad goal of this research is to develop optimization strategies for the design of ESS. These strategics would account for the possibly conflicting requirements of mission life, safety, scientific payoffs, initial system cost, launch limitations and maintenance costs. The strategies must also preserve the coupling between disciplines or between subsystems. Here, the specific purpose is to describe a computer-aided planning and scheduling technique. This technique provides the designer with a way to map the flow of data between multidisciplinary analyses. The technique is important because it enables the designer to decompose the system design problem into a number of smaller subproblems. The planning and scheduling technique is demonstrated by its application to a specific preliminary design problem.

78 FR 33230 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-04

...'') section 110(k)(3), EPA is approving a maintenance plan for the 1997 8-hour ozone standard (``San Diego 8-hour maintenance plan'') for the San Diego County 1997 ozone nonattainment area (``San Diego 8-hour... maintenance plan is included in a document titled Redesignation Request and Maintenance Plan for the 1997...

Power plant maintenance scheduling using ant colony optimization: an improved formulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Foong, Wai Kuan; Maier, Holger; Simpson, Angus

2008-04-01

It is common practice in the hydropower industry to either shorten the maintenance duration or to postpone maintenance tasks in a hydropower system when there is expected unserved energy based on current water storage levels and forecast storage inflows. It is therefore essential that a maintenance scheduling optimizer can incorporate the options of shortening the maintenance duration and/or deferring maintenance tasks in the search for practical maintenance schedules. In this article, an improved ant colony optimization-power plant maintenance scheduling optimization (ACO-PPMSO) formulation that considers such options in the optimization process is introduced. As a result, both the optimum commencement time and the optimum outage duration are determined for each of the maintenance tasks that need to be scheduled. In addition, a local search strategy is presented in this article to boost the robustness of the algorithm. When tested on a five-station hydropower system problem, the improved formulation is shown to be capable of allowing shortening of maintenance duration in the event of expected demand shortfalls. In addition, the new local search strategy is also shown to have significantly improved the optimization ability of the ACO-PPMSO algorithm.

Optimizing preventive maintenance policy: A data-driven application for a light rail braking system.

PubMed

Corman, Francesco; Kraijema, Sander; Godjevac, Milinko; Lodewijks, Gabriel

2017-10-01

This article presents a case study determining the optimal preventive maintenance policy for a light rail rolling stock system in terms of reliability, availability, and maintenance costs. The maintenance policy defines one of the three predefined preventive maintenance actions at fixed time-based intervals for each of the subsystems of the braking system. Based on work, maintenance, and failure data, we model the reliability degradation of the system and its subsystems under the current maintenance policy by a Weibull distribution. We then analytically determine the relation between reliability, availability, and maintenance costs. We validate the model against recorded reliability and availability and get further insights by a dedicated sensitivity analysis. The model is then used in a sequential optimization framework determining preventive maintenance intervals to improve on the key performance indicators. We show the potential of data-driven modelling to determine optimal maintenance policy: same system availability and reliability can be achieved with 30% maintenance cost reduction, by prolonging the intervals and re-grouping maintenance actions.

Optimizing preventive maintenance policy: A data-driven application for a light rail braking system

PubMed Central

Corman, Francesco; Kraijema, Sander; Godjevac, Milinko; Lodewijks, Gabriel

2017-01-01

This article presents a case study determining the optimal preventive maintenance policy for a light rail rolling stock system in terms of reliability, availability, and maintenance costs. The maintenance policy defines one of the three predefined preventive maintenance actions at fixed time-based intervals for each of the subsystems of the braking system. Based on work, maintenance, and failure data, we model the reliability degradation of the system and its subsystems under the current maintenance policy by a Weibull distribution. We then analytically determine the relation between reliability, availability, and maintenance costs. We validate the model against recorded reliability and availability and get further insights by a dedicated sensitivity analysis. The model is then used in a sequential optimization framework determining preventive maintenance intervals to improve on the key performance indicators. We show the potential of data-driven modelling to determine optimal maintenance policy: same system availability and reliability can be achieved with 30% maintenance cost reduction, by prolonging the intervals and re-grouping maintenance actions. PMID:29278245

Test, Control and Monitor System maintenance plan

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Buehler, David P.; Lougheed, M. J.

1993-01-01

The maintenance requirements for Test, Control, and Monitor System (TCMS) and the method for satisfying these requirements prior to First Need Date (FND) of the last TCMS set are described. The method for satisfying maintenance requirements following FND of the last TCMS set will be addressed by a revision to this plan. This maintenance plan serves as the basic planning document for maintenance of this equipment by the NASA Payloads Directorate (CM) and the Payload Ground Operations Contractor (PGOC) at KSC. The terms TCMS Operations and Maintenance (O&M), Payloads Logistics, TCMS Sustaining Engineering, Payload Communications, and Integrated Network Services refer to the appropriate NASA and PGOC organization. For the duration of their contract, the Core Electronic Contractor (CEC) will provide a Set Support Team (SST). One of the primary purposes of this team is to help NASA and PGOC operate and maintain TCMS. It is assumed that SST is an integral part of TCMS O&M. The purpose of this plan is to describe the maintenance concept for TCMS hardware and system software in order to facilitate activation, transition planning, and continuing operation. When software maintenance is mentioned in this plan, it refers to maintenance of TCMS system software.

Support and Maintenance of the International Monitoring System network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pereira, Jose; Bazarragchaa, Sergelen; Kilgour, Owen; Pretorius, Jacques; Werzi, Robert; Beziat, Guillaume; Hamani, Wacel; Mohammad, Walid; Brely, Natalie

2014-05-01

The Monitoring Facilities Support Section of the Provisional Technical Secretariat (PTS) has as its main task to ensure optimal support and maintenance of an array of 321 monitoring stations and 16 radionuclide laboratories distributed worldwide. Raw seismic, infrasonic, hydroacoustic and radionuclide data from these facilities constitutes the basic product delivered by the International Monitoring System (IMS). In the process of maintaining such a wide array of stations of different technologies, the Support Section contributes to ensuring station mission capability. Mission capable data availability according to the IMS requirements should be at least 98% annually (no more than 7 days down time per year per waveform stations - 14 continuous for radionuclide stations) for continuous data sending stations. In this presentation, we will present our case regarding our intervention at stations to address equipment supportability and maintainability, as these are particularly large activities requiring the removal of a substantial part of the station equipment and installation of new equipment. The objective is always to plan these activities while minimizing downtime and continuing to meet all IMS requirements, including those of data availability mentioned above. We postulate that these objectives are better achieved by planning and making use of preventive maintenance, as opposed to "run-to-failure" with associated corrective maintenance. We use two recently upgraded Infrasound Stations (IS39 Palau and IS52 BIOT) as a case study and establish a comparison between these results and several other stations where corrective maintenance was performed, to demonstrate our hypothesis.

77 FR 8252 - Adequacy Status of the Anchorage, Alaska, Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plan for Transportation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-14

... Anchorage, Alaska, Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plan for Transportation Conformity Purposes AGENCY..., Alaska, Carbon Monoxide (CO) Maintenance Plan, submitted by the State of Alaska on September 20, 2011, is... adequacy finding regarding the motor vehicle emissions budget (MVEB) in the carbon monoxide Maintenance...

77 FR 35873 - Approval, Disapproval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; Utah; Maintenance Plan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-15

... change the maintenance plan's trigger for contingency measures. Instead of a defined trigger, the revised plan would allow the State to consider several factors in deciding whether contingency measures should... the maintenance plan, the State must commit to implement one or more contingency measures within a set...

Oculomotor preparation as a rehearsal mechanism in spatial working memory.

PubMed

Pearson, David G; Ball, Keira; Smith, Daniel T

2014-09-01

There is little consensus regarding the specific processes responsible for encoding, maintenance, and retrieval of information in visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM). One influential theory is that VSWM may involve activation of the eye-movement (oculomotor) system. In this study we experimentally prevented healthy participants from planning or executing saccadic eye-movements during the encoding, maintenance, and retrieval stages of visual and spatial working memory tasks. Participants experienced a significant reduction in spatial memory span only when oculomotor preparation was prevented during encoding or maintenance. In contrast there was no reduction when oculomotor preparation was prevented only during retrieval. These results show that (a) involvement of the oculomotor system is necessary for optimal maintenance of directly-indicated locations in spatial working memory and (b) oculomotor preparation is not necessary during retrieval from spatial working memory. We propose that this study is the first to unambiguously demonstrate that the oculomotor system contributes to the maintenance of spatial locations in working memory independently from the involvement of covert attention. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Stick with a School Maintenance Plan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kennedy, Mike

2012-01-01

The U.S. Department of Education's "Planning Guide for Maintaining School Facilities" states that a sound facilities maintenance plan serves as evidence that school facilities are, and will be, cared for appropriately. On the other hand, negligent facilities maintenance planning can cause real problems. Budget restraints and cuts in…

Y-12 Groundwater Protection Program Monitoring Optimization Plan for Groundwater Monitoring Wells at the U.S. Department of Energy Y-12 National Security Complex, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

This document is the monitoring optimization plan for groundwater monitoring wells associated with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The plan describes the technical approach that is implemented under the Y-12 Groundwater Protection Program (GWPP) to focus available resources on the monitoring wells at Y-12 that provide the most useful hydrologic and groundwater quality monitoring data. The technical approach is based on the GWPP status designation for each well. Under this approach, wells granted “active” status are used by the GWPP for hydrologic monitoring and/or groundwater quality sampling, whereas wells grantedmore » “inactive” status are not used for either purpose. The status designation also defines the frequency at which the GWPP will inspect applicable wells, the scope of these well inspections, and extent of any maintenance actions initiated by the GWPP. Details regarding the ancillary activities associated with implementation of this plan (e.g., well inspection) are deferred to the referenced GWPP plans.« less

Remote sensing for industrial applications in the energy business: digital territorial data integration for planning of overhead power transmission lines (OHTLs)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Terrazzino, Alfonso; Volponi, Silvia; Borgogno Mondino, Enrico

2001-12-01

An investigation has been carried out, concerning remote sensing techniques, in order to assess their potential application to the energy system business: the most interesting results concern a new approach, based on digital data from remote sensing, to infrastructures with a large territorial distribution: in particular OverHead Transmission Lines, for the high voltage transmission and distribution of electricity on large distances. Remote sensing could in principle be applied to all the phases of the system lifetime, from planning to design, to construction, management, monitoring and maintenance. In this article, a remote sensing based approach is presented, targeted to the line planning: optimization of OHTLs path and layout, according to different parameters (technical, environmental and industrial). Planning new OHTLs is of particular interest in emerging markets, where typically the cartography is missing or available only on low accuracy scale (1:50.000 and lower), often not updated. Multi- spectral images can be used to generate thematic maps of the region of interest for the planning (soil coverage). Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), allow the planners to easily access the morphologic information of the surface. Other auxiliary information from local laws, environmental instances, international (IEC) standards can be integrated in order to perform an accurate optimized path choice and preliminary spotting of the OHTLs. This operation is carried out by an ABB proprietary optimization algorithm: the output is a preliminary path that bests fits the optimization parameters of the line in a life cycle approach.

77 FR 73560 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Redesignation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-11

... the Area. The maintenance plan includes an insignificance determination for the on-road motor vehicle... redesignation. The maintenance plan includes an insignificance determination for the on-road motor vehicle...) Nonattainment Area to Attainment and Approval of the Associated Maintenance Plan AGENCY: Environmental...

77 FR 68076 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Redesignation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-15

... redesignation. The maintenance plan includes an insignificance determination for the on-road motor vehicle... and Approval of the Associated Maintenance Plan AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION... proposing to approve the maintenance plan SIP revision that the State submitted in conjunction with its...

Operations and maintenance plan : Dallas Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) demonstration project.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-01-01

This Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Plan describes how the Integrated Corridor Management System (ICMS) will be used in daily transportation operations and maintenance activities. The Plan addresses the activities needed to effectively operate the ...

78 FR 37717 - Adequacy Status of the Submitted 2009 and 2025 PM2.5

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-24

... control strategy implementation plan revision or maintenance plan was endorsed by the Governor (or his or...) Before the control strategy implementation plan or maintenance plan was submitted to EPA, consultation... maintenance: Both the 2009 and 2025 budgets are less than the on-road mobile source inventory for 2007 that...

76 FR 5078 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans: Tennessee; Approval of Section 110...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-28

...) Maintenance Plan for the 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standards for the Nashville, TN, Area AGENCY: Environmental... Tennessee State Implementation Plan (SIP) concerning the maintenance plan addressing the 1997 8-hour ozone standards for the Nashville, Tennessee 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance area, which is comprised of Davidson...

Arizona Air Quality State Implementation Plans; Final Approval; Douglas, Arizona; Second 10-Year Sulfur Dioxide Maintenance Plan

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is taking final rulemaking action to approve, as part of the State Implementation Plan (SIP) for the State of Arizona, the second 10-year maintenance plan for the Douglas maintenance area for the 1971 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for SO2.

Projection of Maximum Software Maintenance Manning Levels.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-06-01

mainte- nance team development and for outyear support resource estimation, and to provide an analysis of applications of the model in areas other...by General Research Corporation of Santa Barbara, Ca., indicated that the Planning and Resource Management Information System (PARRIS) at the Air Force...determined that when the optimal input effort is applied, steps in the development would be achieved at a rate proportional to V(t). Thus the work-rate could

40 CFR 52.975 - Redesignations and maintenance plans; ozone.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...; ozone. 52.975 Section 52.975 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... and maintenance plans; ozone. (a) Approval. The Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ... supplemental ozone redesignation requests and revised maintenance plans. These supplemental submittals were...

40 CFR 52.975 - Redesignations and maintenance plans; ozone.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...; ozone. 52.975 Section 52.975 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... and maintenance plans; ozone. (a) Approval. The Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ... supplemental ozone redesignation requests and revised maintenance plans. These supplemental submittals were...

40 CFR 52.975 - Redesignations and maintenance plans; ozone.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...; ozone. 52.975 Section 52.975 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... and maintenance plans; ozone. (a) Approval. The Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ... supplemental ozone redesignation requests and revised maintenance plans. These supplemental submittals were...

40 CFR 52.975 - Redesignations and maintenance plans; ozone.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...; ozone. 52.975 Section 52.975 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... and maintenance plans; ozone. (a) Approval. The Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ... supplemental ozone redesignation requests and revised maintenance plans. These supplemental submittals were...

A Planned Preventive Maintenance Program. A Handbook for Chief Business Officers and Supervisors of Maintenance with Suggestions on Maintenance for Consideration by Presidents of Higher Institutions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daniel, Clarence H.

This handbook explains planned preventive maintenance program, which is an operational system of maintenance designed to increase the effectiveness of the maintenance staff and the use of maintenance funds through efficient scheduling of inspections and follow-through of work to be performed. Sections are included for the chief administrative…

A multi-period optimization model for energy planning with CO(2) emission consideration.

PubMed

Mirzaesmaeeli, H; Elkamel, A; Douglas, P L; Croiset, E; Gupta, M

2010-05-01

A novel deterministic multi-period mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for the power generation planning of electric systems is described and evaluated in this paper. The model is developed with the objective of determining the optimal mix of energy supply sources and pollutant mitigation options that meet a specified electricity demand and CO(2) emission targets at minimum cost. Several time-dependent parameters are included in the model formulation; they include forecasted energy demand, fuel price variability, construction lead time, conservation initiatives, and increase in fixed operational and maintenance costs over time. The developed model is applied to two case studies. The objective of the case studies is to examine the economical, structural, and environmental effects that would result if the electricity sector was required to reduce its CO(2) emissions to a specified limit. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Mining hidden value through strategic real estate plans.

PubMed

Hayes, D

1998-11-01

Healthcare providers can get the most from their real estate investments if they manage them strategically rather than view them as a cost of doing business. Organizations that develop strategic real estate plans can optimize the cost-effectiveness of their assets, reduce operating costs, and create cash through disposition strategies. The cost-effectiveness of assets can be optimized by using off-balance-sheet financing structures, such as outright sale, sale-lease-back arrangements, synthetic leases, and beneficial occupancy agreements. Opportunities for cost reduction can be found by conducting operations, administrative, and maintenance reviews and cost-segregation studies. Cost-reduction efforts also should focus on ensuring space is used in the most productive manner possible and that the organization pays no more than the minimum required property tax. Disposition strategies should begin with inventorying real estate assets to identify surplus assets. Such assets then can be moved off the balance sheet or converted into commercial or public uses.

76 FR 46288 - Adequacy Determination for Colorado Springs, Cañon City, Greeley, Pagosa Springs, and Telluride...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-02

... Springs, Ca[ntilde]on City, Greeley, Pagosa Springs, and Telluride; Carbon Monoxide and PM 10 Maintenance... transportation conformity purposes: ``Revised Carbon Monoxide Attainment/Maintenance Plan Colorado Springs Attainment/ Maintenance Area'' and ``Revised Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plan Greeley Attainment/Maintenance...

Location and Size Planning of Distributed Photovoltaic Generation in Distribution network System Based on K-means Clustering Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lu, Siqi; Wang, Xiaorong; Wu, Junyong

2018-01-01

The paper presents a method to generate the planning scenarios, which is based on K-means clustering analysis algorithm driven by data, for the location and size planning of distributed photovoltaic (PV) units in the network. Taken the power losses of the network, the installation and maintenance costs of distributed PV, the profit of distributed PV and the voltage offset as objectives and the locations and sizes of distributed PV as decision variables, Pareto optimal front is obtained through the self-adaptive genetic algorithm (GA) and solutions are ranked by a method called technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS). Finally, select the planning schemes at the top of the ranking list based on different planning emphasis after the analysis in detail. The proposed method is applied to a 10-kV distribution network in Gansu Province, China and the results are discussed.

Efficient greedy algorithms for economic manpower shift planning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nearchou, A. C.; Giannikos, I. C.; Lagodimos, A. G.

2015-01-01

Consideration is given to the economic manpower shift planning (EMSP) problem, an NP-hard capacity planning problem appearing in various industrial settings including the packing stage of production in process industries and maintenance operations. EMSP aims to determine the manpower needed in each available workday shift of a given planning horizon so as to complete a set of independent jobs at minimum cost. Three greedy heuristics are presented for the EMSP solution. These practically constitute adaptations of an existing algorithm for a simplified version of EMSP which had shown excellent performance in terms of solution quality and speed. Experimentation shows that the new algorithms perform very well in comparison to the results obtained by both the CPLEX optimizer and an existing metaheuristic. Statistical analysis is deployed to rank the algorithms in terms of their solution quality and to identify the effects that critical planning factors may have on their relative efficiency.

Optimizing digital elevation models (DEMs) accuracy for planning and design of mobile communication networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hassan, Mahmoud A.

2004-02-01

Digital elevation models (DEMs) are important tools in the planning, design and maintenance of mobile communication networks. This research paper proposes a method for generating high accuracy DEMs based on SPOT satellite 1A stereo pair images, ground control points (GCP) and Erdas OrthoBASE Pro image processing software. DEMs with 0.2911 m mean error were achieved for the hilly and heavily populated city of Amman. The generated DEM was used to design a mobile communication network resulted in a minimum number of radio base transceiver stations, maximum number of covered regions and less than 2% of dead zones.

MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING SYSTEM OF WASTE WATER DISPOSAL SYSTEMS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hori, Michihiro; Tsuruta, Takashi; Kaito, Kiyoyuki; Kobayashi, Kiyoshi

Sewage works facilities consist of various assets groups. And there are many kinds of financial resources. In order to optimize the maintenance plan, and to secure the stability and sustainability of sewage works management, it is necessary to carry out financial simulation based on the life-cycle cost analysis. Furthermore, it is important to develop management accounting system that is interlinked with the financial accounting system, because many sewage administration bodies have their financial accounting systems as public enterprises. In this paper, a management accounting system, which is designed to provide basic information for asset management of sewage works facilities, is presented. Also the applicability of the management accounting system presented in this paper is examined through financial simulations.

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE. HONEYWELL PLANNING GUIDE.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Honeywell, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn.

THIS HONEYWELL PAMPHLET DISCUSSES SOME ASPECTS OF PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF AUTOMATIC CONTROLS, HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR CONDITIONING, AND COMPARES IN-PLANT WITH CONTRACT SERVICE, CONCLUDING THAT CONTRACT SERVICE IS PREFERABLE AND DESCRIBING A NUMBER OF MAINTENANCE PLANS WHICH THEY FURNISH. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROVIDES--(1) MORE EFFICIENT…

Crew considerations in the design for Space Station Freedom modules on-orbit maintenance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stokes, Jack W.; Williams, Katherine A.

1992-01-01

The paper presents an approach to the maintenance process currently planned for the Space Station Freedom modules. In particular, it describes the planned crew interfaces with maintenance items, and the anticipated implications for the crew in performing the interior and exterior maintenance of modules developed by U.S., ESA, and NASDA. Special consideration is given to the maintenance requirements, allocations, and approach; the maintenance design; the Maintenance Workstation; the robotic mechanisms; and the developemnt of maintenance techniques.

76 FR 2066 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Indiana; Removal of Vehicle Inspection and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-12

... ozone maintenance plans. The Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) submitted this... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Indiana; Removal of Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Programs for Clark... to allow the State to discontinue the vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) program in Clark and...

78 FR 12267 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Charlotte, Raleigh/Durham and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-22

... maintenance plan update is for the Charlotte, Raleigh/Durham and Winston-Salem carbon monoxide (CO) maintenance areas. Specifically, the State submitted a limited maintenance plan update for CO, showing continued attainment of the 8-hour CO National Ambient Air Quality Standard for the Charlotte, Raleigh...

Maintenance of buildings: Italian examples of deviations between planned and incurred costs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rebaudengo, Manuela; Piantanida, Paolo

2018-05-01

In recent years, drawing up the maintenance plan for a building has proved to be a theoretical practice, which has been expressed in the indication of a multiplicity of interventions more for caution reasons than for real needs. In this way, the document (mandatory by the Italian law both for public and private works) has been interpreted as a formal requirement: it must be part of the project, without any particular operational interest. So, the maintenance plans are more often "standard plans", not directing the user towards a specific maintenance strategy and thus consolidating the common thesis that reality is different. The paper compares, with reference to two xxx of study (offices and residence), the planned maintenance actions and those carried out, with an indication of the difference between expected and incurred costs.

Automatic CT simulation optimization for radiation therapy: A general strategy.

PubMed

Li, Hua; Yu, Lifeng; Anastasio, Mark A; Chen, Hsin-Chen; Tan, Jun; Gay, Hiram; Michalski, Jeff M; Low, Daniel A; Mutic, Sasa

2014-03-01

In radiation therapy, x-ray computed tomography (CT) simulation protocol specifications should be driven by the treatment planning requirements in lieu of duplicating diagnostic CT screening protocols. The purpose of this study was to develop a general strategy that allows for automatically, prospectively, and objectively determining the optimal patient-specific CT simulation protocols based on radiation-therapy goals, namely, maintenance of contouring quality and integrity while minimizing patient CT simulation dose. The authors proposed a general prediction strategy that provides automatic optimal CT simulation protocol selection as a function of patient size and treatment planning task. The optimal protocol is the one that delivers the minimum dose required to provide a CT simulation scan that yields accurate contours. Accurate treatment plans depend on accurate contours in order to conform the dose to actual tumor and normal organ positions. An image quality index, defined to characterize how simulation scan quality affects contour delineation, was developed and used to benchmark the contouring accuracy and treatment plan quality within the predication strategy. A clinical workflow was developed to select the optimal CT simulation protocols incorporating patient size, target delineation, and radiation dose efficiency. An experimental study using an anthropomorphic pelvis phantom with added-bolus layers was used to demonstrate how the proposed prediction strategy could be implemented and how the optimal CT simulation protocols could be selected for prostate cancer patients based on patient size and treatment planning task. Clinical IMRT prostate treatment plans for seven CT scans with varied image quality indices were separately optimized and compared to verify the trace of target and organ dosimetry coverage. Based on the phantom study, the optimal image quality index for accurate manual prostate contouring was 4.4. The optimal tube potentials for patient sizes of 38, 43, 48, 53, and 58 cm were 120, 140, 140, 140, and 140 kVp, respectively, and the corresponding minimum CTDIvol for achieving the optimal image quality index 4.4 were 9.8, 32.2, 100.9, 241.4, and 274.1 mGy, respectively. For patients with lateral sizes of 43-58 cm, 120-kVp scan protocols yielded up to 165% greater radiation dose relative to 140-kVp protocols, and 140-kVp protocols always yielded a greater image quality index compared to the same dose-level 120-kVp protocols. The trace of target and organ dosimetry coverage and the γ passing rates of seven IMRT dose distribution pairs indicated the feasibility of the proposed image quality index for the predication strategy. A general strategy to predict the optimal CT simulation protocols in a flexible and quantitative way was developed that takes into account patient size, treatment planning task, and radiation dose. The experimental study indicated that the optimal CT simulation protocol and the corresponding radiation dose varied significantly for different patient sizes, contouring accuracy, and radiation treatment planning tasks.

75 FR 54773 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Minnesota; Carbon Monoxide (CO...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-09

.... Monitoring Network and Verification of Continued Attainment 4. Contingency Plan 5. Conformity Determination... Continued Attainment, Contingency Plan, and Conformity Determinations Under Limited Maintenance Plans. These.../Verification of Continued Attainment, Contingency Plan, and Conformity Determination Under Limited Maintenance...

Why and for Whom May Coping Planning Have Adverse Effects? A Moderated Mediation Analysis.

PubMed

Inauen, Jennifer; Stocker, Andrea; Scholz, Urte

2018-05-09

Coping planning, the formation of plans to overcome behavioral barriers is assumed to promote health behavior maintenance, but the literature on this is inconsistent. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of a coping planning intervention that adversely affected maintained safe water consumption. We also explored perceived behavioral difficulty as a potential moderator of coping planning interventions. In the second phase of a cluster-randomised trial, households (N = 177 analyzed) were randomly allocated to a coping planning intervention or a comparison group (repetition of interventions from first intervention phase). Safe water consumption, the mechanisms of coping planning, and perceived difficulty were measured pre-post. The data were analyzed using mediation and moderated mediation analysis. Changes in behavioral intention mediated the intervention effects on behavioral maintenance (b = -0.36, 95% CI [-0.91, -0.03]). Changes in perceived coping planning (b = 0.08, 95% CI [-0.12, 0.34]), and maintenance self-efficacy (b = -0.13, 95% CI [-0.45, 0.01]) did not mediate the effects. Prior perceived difficulty moderated the coping planning intervention effects on maintenance via intention. Coping planning may decrease motivation for health behavior maintenance for persons who experienced few barriers prior to the planning intervention. © 2018 The International Association of Applied Psychology.

System design optimization for stand-alone photovoltaic systems sizing by using superstructure model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Azau, M. A. M.; Jaafar, S.; Samsudin, K.

2013-06-01

Although the photovoltaic (PV) systems have been increasingly installed as an alternative and renewable green power generation, the initial set up cost, maintenance cost and equipment mismatch are some of the key issues that slows down the installation in small household. This paper presents the design optimization of stand-alone photovoltaic systems using superstructure model where all possible types of technology of the equipment are captured and life cycle cost analysis is formulated as a mixed integer programming (MIP). A model for investment planning of power generation and long-term decision model are developed in order to help the system engineer to build a cost effective system.

Elements of a Green Infrastructure Maintenance Business Plan for Milwaukee WI

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This report reflects the feedback provided by MMSD and local stakeholders about different business models for conducting maintenance. The findings from this process will inform a maintenance plan for the region.

Methods of increasing efficiency and maintainability of pipeline systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ivanov, V. A.; Sokolov, S. M.; Ogudova, E. V.

2018-05-01

This study is dedicated to the issue of pipeline transportation system maintenance. The article identifies two classes of technical-and-economic indices, which are used to select an optimal pipeline transportation system structure. Further, the article determines various system maintenance strategies and strategy selection criteria. Meanwhile, the maintenance strategies turn out to be not sufficiently effective due to non-optimal values of maintenance intervals. This problem could be solved by running the adaptive maintenance system, which includes a pipeline transportation system reliability improvement algorithm, especially an equipment degradation computer model. In conclusion, three model building approaches for determining optimal technical systems verification inspections duration were considered.

A Phase 1 study of Vorinostat Maintenance after Autologous Transplant in High Risk Lymphoma

PubMed Central

Hofmeister, Craig C.; Williams, Nita; Geyer, Susan; Hade, Erinn M.; Bowers, Mindy A.; Earl, Christian T.; Vaughn, John; Bingman, Anissa; Humphries, Kristina; Lozanski, Gerard; Baiocchi, Robert A.; Jaglowski, Samantha M.; Blum, Kristie; Porcu, Pierluigi; Flynn, Joseph; Penza, Sam; Benson, Don M.; Andritsos, Leslie A.; Devine, Steven M.

2014-01-01

Only a minority of patients with high risk lymphoma will be cured with autologous transplant, so maintenance with Vorinostat, an oral agent with activity in relapsed lymphoma, was studied starting day +60 for 21 consecutive days followed by a week off for up to 11 cycles. Twenty-three lymphoma patients were treated. Ten patients completed the full 11 cycle treatment plan per protocol, 4 patients were removed due to progressive disease, 7 withdrew or were removed from the study due to toxicities. Despite Prevnar vaccine administration every 2 months for 3 injections, the mean antibody concentration never reached protective levels (>0.35 mcg/mL). Fatigue and functional well-being measured by BFI and FACT-G improved significantly from cycle 1 to cycle 7, but the depression scores from the CES-D did not change. Given the toxicities observed, this broad spectrum deacetylase inhibitor at this schedule is not optimal for prolonged maintenance therapy. PMID:25213183

49 CFR 234.201 - Location of plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Location of plans. 234.201 Section 234.201..., Inspection, and Testing Maintenance Standards § 234.201 Location of plans. Plans required for proper maintenance and testing shall be kept at each highway-rail grade crossing warning system location. Plans shall...

A Minimum (Delta)V Orbit Maintenance Strategy for Low-Altitude Missions Using Burn Parameter Optimization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brown, Aaron J.

2011-01-01

Orbit maintenance is the series of burns performed during a mission to ensure the orbit satisfies mission constraints. Low-altitude missions often require non-trivial orbit maintenance (Delta)V due to sizable orbital perturbations and minimum altitude thresholds. A strategy is presented for minimizing this (Delta)V using impulsive burn parameter optimization. An initial estimate for the burn parameters is generated by considering a feasible solution to the orbit maintenance problem. An example demonstrates the dV savings from the feasible solution to the optimal solution.

78 FR 46861 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; State of Colorado; Second Ten-Year...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-02

...) section 175A(b) second 10-year maintenance plan for the Greeley area for the carbon monoxide (CO) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). This limited maintenance plan (LMP) addresses maintenance of the CO..., Mailcode 8P-AR, 1595 Wynkoop Street, Denver, Colorado 80202-1129. Hand Delivery: Carl Daly, Director, Air...

Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Plan

MedlinePlus

... Find & compare doctors, hospitals, & other providers Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Plan In most HMO Plans, you generally ... certain service when needed. Related Resources Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS) Special Needs ...

Informed maintenance for next generation space transportation systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fox, Jack J.

2001-02-01

Perhaps the most substantial single obstacle to progress of space exploration and utilization of space for human benefit is the safety & reliability and the inherent cost of launching to, and returning from, space. The primary influence in the high costs of current launch systems (the same is true for commercial and military aircraft and most other reusable systems) is the operations, maintenance and infrastructure portion of the program's total life cycle costs. Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) maintenance and design have traditionally been two separate engineering disciplines with often conflicting objectives-maximizing ease of maintenance versus optimizing performance, size and cost. Testability analysis, an element of Informed Maintenance (IM), has been an ad hoc, manual effort, in which maintenance engineers attempt to identify an efficient method of troubleshooting for the given product, with little or no control over product design. Therefore, testability deficiencies in the design cannot be rectified. It is now widely recognized that IM must be engineered into the product at the design stage itself, so that an optimal compromise is achieved between system maintainability and performance. The elements of IM include testability analysis, diagnostics/prognostics, automated maintenance scheduling, automated logistics coordination, paperless documentation and data mining. IM derives its heritage from complimentary NASA science, space and aeronautic enterprises such as the on-board autonomous Remote Agent Architecture recently flown on NASA's Deep Space 1 Probe as well as commercial industries that employ quick turnaround operations. Commercial technologies and processes supporting NASA's IM initiatives include condition based maintenance technologies from Boeing's Commercial 777 Aircraft and Lockheed-Martin's F-22 Fighter, automotive computer diagnostics and autonomous controllers that enable 100,000 mile maintenance free operations, and locomotive monitoring system software. This paper will summarize NASA's long-term strategy, development, and implementation plans for Informed Maintenance for next generation RLVs. This will be done through a convergence into a single IM vision the work being performed throughout NASA, industry and academia. Additionally, a current status of IM development throughout NASA programs such as the Space Shuttle, X-33, X-34 and X-37 will be provided and will conclude with an overview of near-term work that is being initiated in FY00 to support NASA's 2nd Generation Reusable Launch Vehicle Program. .

Informed maintenance for next generation reusable launch systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fox, Jack J.; Gormley, Thomas J.

2001-03-01

Perhaps the most substantial single obstacle to progress of space exploration and utilization of space for human benefit is the safety & reliability and the inherent cost of launching to, and returning from, space. The primary influence in the high costs of current launch systems (the same is true for commercial and military aircraft and most other reusable systems) is the operations, maintenance and infrastructure portion of the program's total life cycle costs. Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) maintenance and design have traditionally been two separate engineering disciplines with often conflicting objectives - maximizing ease of maintenance versus optimizing performance, size and cost. Testability analysis, an element of Informed Maintenance (IM), has been an ad hoc, manual effort, in which maintenance engineers attempt to identify an efficient method of troubleshooting for the given product, with little or no control over product design. Therefore, testability deficiencies in the design cannot be rectified. It is now widely recognized that IM must be engineered into the product at the design stage itself, so that an optimal compromise is achieved between system maintainability and performance. The elements of IM include testability analysis, diagnostics/prognostics, automated maintenance scheduling, automated logistics coordination, paperless documentation and data mining. IM derives its heritage from complimentary NASA science, space and aeronautic enterprises such as the on-board autonomous Remote Agent Architecture recently flown on NASA's Deep Space 1 Probe as well as commercial industries that employ quick turnaround operations. Commercial technologies and processes supporting NASA's IM initiatives include condition based maintenance technologies from Boeing's Commercial 777 Aircraft and Lockheed-Martin's F-22 Fighter, automotive computer diagnostics and autonomous controllers that enable 100,000 mile maintenance free operations, and locomotive monitoring system software. This paper will summarize NASA's long-term strategy, development, and implementation plans for Informed Maintenance for next generation RLVs. This will be done through a convergence into a single IM vision the work being performed throughout NASA, industry and academia. Additionally, a current status of IM development throughout NASA programs such as the Space Shuttle, X-33, X-34 and X-37 will be provided and will conclude with an overview of near-term work that is being initiated in FY00 to support NASA's 2 nd Generation Reusable Launch Vehicle Program.

Selection of Hidden Layer Neurons and Best Training Method for FFNN in Application of Long Term Load Forecasting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singh, Navneet K.; Singh, Asheesh K.; Tripathy, Manoj

2012-05-01

For power industries electricity load forecast plays an important role for real-time control, security, optimal unit commitment, economic scheduling, maintenance, energy management, and plant structure planning etc. A new technique for long term load forecasting (LTLF) using optimized feed forward artificial neural network (FFNN) architecture is presented in this paper, which selects optimal number of neurons in the hidden layer as well as the best training method for the case study. The prediction performance of proposed technique is evaluated using mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of Thailand private electricity consumption and forecasted data. The results obtained are compared with the results of classical auto-regressive (AR) and moving average (MA) methods. It is, in general, observed that the proposed method is prediction wise more accurate.

SU-E-T-173: Clinical Comparison of Treatment Plans and Fallback Plans for Machine Downtime

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cruz, W; Cancer Therapy and Research Center, San Antonio, TX; Papanikolaou, P

2015-06-15

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical effectiveness and dosimetric quality of fallback planning in relation to machine downtime. Methods: Plans for a Varian Novalis TX were mimicked, and fallback plans using an Elekta VersaHD machine were generated using a dual arc template. Plans for thirty (n=30) patients of various treatment sites optimized and calculated using RayStation treatment planning system. For each plan, a fall back plan was created and compared to the original plan. A dosimetric evaluation was conducted using the homogeneity index, conformity index, as well as DVH analysis to determine the quality ofmore » the fallback plan on a different treatment machine. Fallback plans were optimized for 60 iterations using the imported dose constraints from the original plan DVH to give fallback plans enough opportunity to achieve the dose objectives. Results: The average conformity index and homogeneity index for the NovalisTX plans were 0.76 and 10.3, respectively, while fallback plan values were 0.73 and 11.4. (Homogeneity =1 and conformity=0 for ideal plan) The values to various organs at risk were lower in the fallback plans as compared to the imported plans across most organs at risk. Isodose difference comparisons between plans were also compared and the average dose difference across all plans was 0.12%. Conclusion: The clinical impact of fallback planning is an important aspect to effective treatment of patients. With the complexity of LINACS increasing every year, an option to continue treating during machine downtime remains an essential tool in streamlined treatment execution. Fallback planning allows the clinic to continue to run efficiently should a treatment machine become offline due to maintenance or repair without degrading the quality of the plan all while reducing strain on members of the radiation oncology team.« less

A Capacity Forecast Model for Volatile Data in Maintenance Logistics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berkholz, Daniel

2009-05-01

Maintenance, repair and overhaul processes (MRO processes) are elaborate and complex. Rising demands on these after sales services require reliable production planning and control methods particularly for maintaining valuable capital goods. Downtimes lead to high costs and an inability to meet delivery due dates results in severe contract penalties. Predicting the required capacities for maintenance orders in advance is often difficult due to unknown part conditions unless the goods are actually inspected. This planning uncertainty results in extensive capital tie-up by rising stock levels within the whole MRO network. The article outlines an approach to planning capacities when maintenance data forecasting is volatile. It focuses on the development of prerequisites for a reliable capacity planning model. This enables a quick response to maintenance orders by employing appropriate measures. The information gained through the model is then systematically applied to forecast both personnel capacities and the demand for spare parts. The improved planning reliability can support MRO service providers in shortening delivery times and reducing stock levels in order to enhance the performance of their maintenance logistics.

75 FR 54805 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Minnesota; Carbon Monoxide (CO...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-09

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Minnesota; Carbon Monoxide (CO) Limited Maintenance Plan for... June 16, 2010, to revise the Minnesota State Implementation Plan (SIP) for carbon monoxide (CO) under the Clean Air Act (CAA). The State has submitted a limited maintenance plan for CO showing continued...

77 FR 64422 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Illinois; Greif Packaging, LLC...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-22

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Illinois; Greif Packaging, LLC Adjusted Standard AGENCY...) 408-2279. 4. Mail: Doug Aburano, Chief, Attainment Planning and Maintenance Section, Air Programs.... 5. Hand Delivery: Doug Aburano, Chief, Attainment Planning and Maintenance Section, Air Programs...

Synthesis of optimal usage of available aggregates in highway construction and maintenance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-11-01

The optimization of available aggregates for highway construction and maintenance is vital both from an economic and environmental perspective. By not optimizing the aggregate supply, project costs escalate as a simple response to supply and demand. ...

Optimal maintenance of a multi-unit system under dependencies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sung, Ho-Joon

The availability, or reliability, of an engineering component greatly influences the operational cost and safety characteristics of a modern system over its life-cycle. Until recently, the reliance on past empirical data has been the industry-standard practice to develop maintenance policies that provide the minimum level of system reliability. Because such empirically-derived policies are vulnerable to unforeseen or fast-changing external factors, recent advancements in the study of topic on maintenance, which is known as optimal maintenance problem, has gained considerable interest as a legitimate area of research. An extensive body of applicable work is available, ranging from those concerned with identifying maintenance policies aimed at providing required system availability at minimum possible cost, to topics on imperfect maintenance of multi-unit system under dependencies. Nonetheless, these existing mathematical approaches to solve for optimal maintenance policies must be treated with caution when considered for broader applications, as they are accompanied by specialized treatments to ease the mathematical derivation of unknown functions in both objective function and constraint for a given optimal maintenance problem. These unknown functions are defined as reliability measures in this thesis, and theses measures (e.g., expected number of failures, system renewal cycle, expected system up time, etc.) do not often lend themselves to possess closed-form formulas. It is thus quite common to impose simplifying assumptions on input probability distributions of components' lifetime or repair policies. Simplifying the complex structure of a multi-unit system to a k-out-of-n system by neglecting any sources of dependencies is another commonly practiced technique intended to increase the mathematical tractability of a particular model. This dissertation presents a proposal for an alternative methodology to solve optimal maintenance problems by aiming to achieve the same end-goals as Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM). RCM was first introduced to the aircraft industry in an attempt to bridge the gap between the empirically-driven and theory-driven approaches to establishing optimal maintenance policies. Under RCM, qualitative processes that enable the prioritizing of functions based on the criticality and influence would be combined with mathematical modeling to obtain the optimal maintenance policies. Where this thesis work deviates from RCM is its proposal to directly apply quantitative processes to model the reliability measures in optimal maintenance problem. First, Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, in conjunction with a pre-determined Design of Experiments (DOE) table, can be used as a numerical means of obtaining the corresponding discrete simulated outcomes of the reliability measures based on the combination of decision variables (e.g., periodic preventive maintenance interval, trigger age for opportunistic maintenance, etc.). These discrete simulation results can then be regressed as Response Surface Equations (RSEs) with respect to the decision variables. Such an approach to represent the reliability measures with continuous surrogate functions (i.e., the RSEs) not only enables the application of the numerical optimization technique to solve for optimal maintenance policies, but also obviates the need to make mathematical assumptions or impose over-simplifications on the structure of a multi-unit system for the sake of mathematical tractability. The applicability of the proposed methodology to a real-world optimal maintenance problem is showcased through its application to a Time Limited Dispatch (TLD) of Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) system. In broader terms, this proof-of-concept exercise can be described as a constrained optimization problem, whose objective is to identify the optimal system inspection interval that guarantees a certain level of availability for a multi-unit system. A variety of reputable numerical techniques were used to model the problem as accurately as possible, including algorithms for the MC simulation, imperfect maintenance model from quasi renewal processes, repair time simulation, and state transition rules. Variance Reduction Techniques (VRTs) were also used in an effort to enhance MC simulation efficiency. After accurate MC simulation results are obtained, the RSEs are generated based on the goodness-of-fit measure to yield as parsimonious model as possible to construct the optimization problem. Under the assumption of constant failure rate for lifetime distributions, the inspection interval from the proposed methodology was found to be consistent with the one from the common approach used in industry that leverages Continuous Time Markov Chain (CTMC). While the latter does not consider maintenance cost settings, the proposed methodology enables an operator to consider different types of maintenance cost settings, e.g., inspection cost, system corrective maintenance cost, etc., to result in more flexible maintenance policies. When the proposed methodology was applied to the same TLD of FADEC example, but under the more generalized assumption of strictly Increasing Failure Rate (IFR) for lifetime distribution, it was shown to successfully capture component wear-out, as well as the economic dependencies among the system components.

78 FR 54200 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Maintenance Plan Update...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-03

... County, Indiana for Sulfur Dioxide AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve a maintenance plan update for the Lake County, Indiana sulfur dioxide...

76 FR 28195 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Mexico; Sunland Park 1-Hour...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-16

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Mexico; Sunland Park 1-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan AGENCY... the New Mexico State Implementation Plan (SIP). The revision consists of a maintenance plan for Sunland Park, New Mexico developed to ensure continued attainment of the 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air...

77 FR 60661 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; South Bend-Elkhart...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-04

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; South Bend-Elkhart, Indiana Ozone Maintenance Plan..., Indiana 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality State Implementation Plan (SIP) by replacing the... Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) 2010a emissions model. Indiana submitted this request to EPA for...

78 FR 28503 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Lake and Porter Counties...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-15

...: FRL-9812-4] Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Lake and Porter Counties, Indiana, 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan and 1997 Annual Fine Particulate Matter Maintenance Plan Revision to Approved Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA...

78 FR 28550 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Lake and Porter Counties...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-15

...-9812-3] Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Lake and Porter Counties, Indiana, 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan and 1997 Annual Fine Particulate Matter Maintenance Plan Revisions to Approved Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA...

78 FR 34095 - Adequacy Status of the Idaho, Northern Ada County PM10

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-06

... 10 State Implementation Plan, Maintenance Plan: Ten-Year Update (Maintenance Plan Update) are..., Northern Ada County PM 10 State Implementation Plan for Transportation Conformity Purposes AGENCY... particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of a nominal 10 microns or less (PM 10 ), nitrogen oxides (NOx...

Product modular design incorporating preventive maintenance issues

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Yicong; Feng, Yixiong; Tan, Jianrong

2016-03-01

Traditional modular design methods lead to product maintenance problems, because the module form of a system is created according to either the function requirements or the manufacturing considerations. For solving these problems, a new modular design method is proposed with the considerations of not only the traditional function related attributes, but also the maintenance related ones. First, modularity parameters and modularity scenarios for product modularity are defined. Then the reliability and economic assessment models of product modularity strategies are formulated with the introduction of the effective working age of modules. A mathematical model used to evaluate the difference among the modules of the product so that the optimal module of the product can be established. After that, a multi-objective optimization problem based on metrics for preventive maintenance interval different degrees and preventive maintenance economics is formulated for modular optimization. Multi-objective GA is utilized to rapidly approximate the Pareto set of optimal modularity strategy trade-offs between preventive maintenance cost and preventive maintenance interval difference degree. Finally, a coordinate CNC boring machine is adopted to depict the process of product modularity. In addition, two factorial design experiments based on the modularity parameters are constructed and analyzed. These experiments investigate the impacts of these parameters on the optimal modularity strategies and the structure of module. The research proposes a new modular design method, which may help to improve the maintainability of product in modular design.

Gemini primary mirror in situ wash

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vucina, Tomislav; Boccas, Maxime; Araya, Claudio; Ah Hee, Clayton; Cavedoni, Chas

2008-07-01

The Gemini twins were the first large modern telescopes to receive protected silver coatings on their mirrors in 2004. The low emissivity requirement is fundamental for the IR optimization. In the mid-IR a factor of two reduction in telescope emissivity is equivalent to increasing the collecting area by the same factor. Our emissivity maintenance requirement is very stringent: 0.5% maximum degradation during operations, at any single wavelength beyond 2.2 μm. We developed a very rigorous standard to wash the primary mirrors in the telescope without science down time. The in-situ washes are made regularly, and the reflectivity and emissivity gains are significant. The coating lifetime has been extended far more than our original expectations. In this report we describe the in-situ process and hardware, explain our maintenance plan, and show results of the coating performance over time.

Pavement maintenance optimization model using Markov Decision Processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mandiartha, P.; Duffield, C. F.; Razelan, I. S. b. M.; Ismail, A. b. H.

2017-09-01

This paper presents an optimization model for selection of pavement maintenance intervention using a theory of Markov Decision Processes (MDP). There are some particular characteristics of the MDP developed in this paper which distinguish it from other similar studies or optimization models intended for pavement maintenance policy development. These unique characteristics include a direct inclusion of constraints into the formulation of MDP, the use of an average cost method of MDP, and the policy development process based on the dual linear programming solution. The limited information or discussions that are available on these matters in terms of stochastic based optimization model in road network management motivates this study. This paper uses a data set acquired from road authorities of state of Victoria, Australia, to test the model and recommends steps in the computation of MDP based stochastic optimization model, leading to the development of optimum pavement maintenance policy.

An optimization method for condition based maintenance of aircraft fleet considering prognostics uncertainty.

PubMed

Feng, Qiang; Chen, Yiran; Sun, Bo; Li, Songjie

2014-01-01

An optimization method for condition based maintenance (CBM) of aircraft fleet considering prognostics uncertainty is proposed. The CBM and dispatch process of aircraft fleet is analyzed first, and the alternative strategy sets for single aircraft are given. Then, the optimization problem of fleet CBM with lower maintenance cost and dispatch risk is translated to the combinatorial optimization problem of single aircraft strategy. Remain useful life (RUL) distribution of the key line replaceable Module (LRM) has been transformed into the failure probability of the aircraft and the fleet health status matrix is established. And the calculation method of the costs and risks for mission based on health status matrix and maintenance matrix is given. Further, an optimization method for fleet dispatch and CBM under acceptable risk is proposed based on an improved genetic algorithm. Finally, a fleet of 10 aircrafts is studied to verify the proposed method. The results shows that it could realize optimization and control of the aircraft fleet oriented to mission success.

An Optimization Method for Condition Based Maintenance of Aircraft Fleet Considering Prognostics Uncertainty

PubMed Central

Chen, Yiran; Sun, Bo; Li, Songjie

2014-01-01

An optimization method for condition based maintenance (CBM) of aircraft fleet considering prognostics uncertainty is proposed. The CBM and dispatch process of aircraft fleet is analyzed first, and the alternative strategy sets for single aircraft are given. Then, the optimization problem of fleet CBM with lower maintenance cost and dispatch risk is translated to the combinatorial optimization problem of single aircraft strategy. Remain useful life (RUL) distribution of the key line replaceable Module (LRM) has been transformed into the failure probability of the aircraft and the fleet health status matrix is established. And the calculation method of the costs and risks for mission based on health status matrix and maintenance matrix is given. Further, an optimization method for fleet dispatch and CBM under acceptable risk is proposed based on an improved genetic algorithm. Finally, a fleet of 10 aircrafts is studied to verify the proposed method. The results shows that it could realize optimization and control of the aircraft fleet oriented to mission success. PMID:24892046

40 CFR 52.2043 - Control strategy for maintenance plans: ozone.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...: ozone. 52.2043 Section 52.2043 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... Control strategy for maintenance plans: ozone. (a) As of December 26, 2013, EPA approves the following... (VOCs) for the Lancaster 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Area submitted by the Secretary of the...

77 FR 69409 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-19

...-road motor vehicle insignificance finding that is included as part of Kentucky's maintenance plan for... Plan (SIP) revision containing a maintenance plan for the Kentucky portion of the Huntington-Ashland...-Ashland Area. EPA is also proposing to approve the on-road motor vehicle insignificance finding for direct...

75 FR 1543 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Puerto Rico; Guaynabo PM10

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-12

...] Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Puerto Rico; Guaynabo PM 10 Limited Maintenance Plan and... approving the Limited Maintenance Plan for the Municipality of Guaynabo nonattainment area in Puerto Rico and the request by the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico to redesignate the area from nonattainment to...

78 FR 33784 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Kentucky: Kentucky Portion of Cincinnati...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-05

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Kentucky: Kentucky Portion of Cincinnati-Hamilton, Supplement Motor.... SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve a revision to the Kentucky State Implementation Plan (SIP), submitted... maintenance plan for the Kentucky portion of the Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN, maintenance area for the 1997...

78 FR 6035 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio and Indiana; Cincinnati...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-29

... MOBILE6.2 emissions model. The ozone maintenance plan established 2015 and 2020 budgets for the Ohio and...-9773-5] Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio and Indiana; Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH; Ohio and Indiana 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan Revisions to Approved Motor Vehicle...

78 FR 34903 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; 1997 8-Hour Ozone...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-11

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan Revision; Motor... request by Ohio to revise the 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality State Implementation Plan (SIP) to... area with budgets developed using EPA's Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) emissions model. Ohio...

78 FR 28497 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Canton-Massillon 1997 8-Hour...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-15

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Canton-Massillon 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan... the Canton-Massillon, Ohio 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality State Implementation Plan (SIP... using EPA's Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) emissions model. Ohio submitted the SIP revision...

78 FR 28551 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Canton-Massillon 1997 8-Hour...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-15

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Canton-Massillon 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan..., Ohio, 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality State Implementation Plan (SIP) under the Clean Air Act... Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) emissions model. Ohio submitted the SIP revision request to...

78 FR 4341 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-22

... Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Air Division, to redesignate the Birmingham fine... implementation plan (SIP) to include the 1997 Annual PM 2.5 maintenance plan for the Birmingham Area that... action also approves the 2009 emissions inventory submitted with the maintenance plan. DATES: Effective...

78 FR 5306 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-25

... the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Air Division, to redesignate the Birmingham... implementation plan (SIP) to include the 2006 24-hour PM 2.5 maintenance plan for the Birmingham Area that... action also approves the 2009 emissions inventory submitted with the maintenance plan. DATES: Effective...

A Cooperative Search and Coverage Algorithm with Controllable Revisit and Connectivity Maintenance for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.

PubMed

Liu, Zhong; Gao, Xiaoguang; Fu, Xiaowei

2018-05-08

In this paper, we mainly study a cooperative search and coverage algorithm for a given bounded rectangle region, which contains several unknown stationary targets, by a team of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with non-ideal sensors and limited communication ranges. Our goal is to minimize the search time, while gathering more information about the environment and finding more targets. For this purpose, a novel cooperative search and coverage algorithm with controllable revisit mechanism is presented. Firstly, as the representation of the environment, the cognitive maps that included the target probability map (TPM), the uncertain map (UM), and the digital pheromone map (DPM) are constituted. We also design a distributed update and fusion scheme for the cognitive map. This update and fusion scheme can guarantee that each one of the cognitive maps converges to the same one, which reflects the targets’ true existence or absence in each cell of the search region. Secondly, we develop a controllable revisit mechanism based on the DPM. This mechanism can concentrate the UAVs to revisit sub-areas that have a large target probability or high uncertainty. Thirdly, in the frame of distributed receding horizon optimizing, a path planning algorithm for the multi-UAVs cooperative search and coverage is designed. In the path planning algorithm, the movement of the UAVs is restricted by the potential fields to meet the requirements of avoiding collision and maintaining connectivity constraints. Moreover, using the minimum spanning tree (MST) topology optimization strategy, we can obtain a tradeoff between the search coverage enhancement and the connectivity maintenance. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by comparison simulations by way of analyzing the effects of the controllable revisit mechanism and the connectivity maintenance scheme. The Monte Carlo method is employed to validate the influence of the number of UAVs, the sensing radius, the detection and false alarm probabilities, and the communication range on the proposed algorithm.

Operating environmental laboratories--an overview of analysis equipment procurement and management.

PubMed

Pandya, G H; Shinde, V M; Kanade, G S; Kondawar, V K

2003-10-01

Management of equipment in an environmental laboratory requires planning involving assessment of the workload on a particular equipment, establishment of criteria and specification for the purchase of equipment, creation of infrastructure for installation and testing of the equipment, optimization of analysis conditions, development of preventive maintenance procedures and establishment of in-house repair facilities. The paper reports the results of such an analysis carried for operating environmental laboratories associated with R& D work, serving as an Govt. laboratory or attached to an Industry for analysing industrial emissions.

40 CFR 1065.303 - Summary of required calibration and verifications

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... THC FID optimization, and THC FID verification Optimize and determine CH4 response for THC FID analyzers: Upon initial installation and after major maintenance. Verify CH4 response for THC FID analyzers.... For THC FID analyzers: Upon initial installation, after major maintenance, and after FID optimization...

40 CFR 1065.303 - Summary of required calibration and verifications

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... THC FID optimization, and THC FID verification Optimize and determine CH4 response for THC FID analyzers: Upon initial installation and after major maintenance. Verify CH4 response for THC FID analyzers.... For THC FID analyzers: Upon initial installation, after major maintenance, and after FID optimization...

Centralized operations and maintenance planning at the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lopez, Bernhard; Whyborn, Nicholas D.; Guniat, Serge; Hernandez, Octavio; Gairing, Stefan

2016-07-01

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is a joint project between astronomical organizations in Europe, North America, and East Asia, in collaboration with the Republic of Chile. ALMA consists of 54 twelve-meter antennas and 12 seven-meter antennas operating as an aperture synthesis array in the (sub)millimeter wavelength range. Since the inauguration of the observatory back in March 2013 there has been a continuous effort to establish solid operations processes for effective and efficient management of technical and administrative tasks on site. Here a key aspect had been the centralized maintenance and operations planning: input is collected from science stakeholders, the computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) and from the technical teams spread around the world, then this information is analyzed and consolidated based on the established maintenance strategy, the observatory long-term plan and the short-term priorities definitions. This paper presents the high-level process that has been developed for the planning and scheduling of planned- and unplanned maintenance tasks, and for site operations like the telescope array reconfiguration campaigns. We focus on the centralized planning approach by presenting its genesis, its current implementation for the observatory operations including related planning products, and we explore the necessary next steps in order to fully achieve a comprehensive centralized planning approach for ALMA in steady-state operations.

40 CFR 141.806 - Reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... development of the coliform sampling plan, the operations and maintenance plan, and the disinfection and... operations and maintenance plan required by § 141.804 and report the frequency for routine disinfection and... frequency for routine disinfection and flushing within the first calendar quarter of initial operation of...

40 CFR 141.806 - Reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... development of the coliform sampling plan, the operations and maintenance plan, and the disinfection and... operations and maintenance plan required by § 141.804 and report the frequency for routine disinfection and... frequency for routine disinfection and flushing within the first calendar quarter of initial operation of...

Staying Secure for School Safety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Youngkin, Minu

2012-01-01

Proper planning and preventive maintenance can increase school security and return on investment. Preventive maintenance begins with planning. Through careful planning, education institutions can determine what is working and if any equipment, hardware or software needs to be replaced or upgraded. When reviewing a school's safety and security…

Preventive Maintenance Study: A Key Component in Engineering Education to Enhance Industrial Productivity and Competitiveness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nachlas, Joel A.; Cassady, C. Richard

1999-01-01

Suggests that a chief contributor to the continued economic success of the western economies will be the productivity gains available through efficient preventative maintenance planning and argues for appropriate changes in engineering curricula. Describes the formulation of maintenance planning problems and illustrates with numerical examples the…

77 FR 31351 - Adequacy Determination for Aspen PM10 and Fort Collins Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plans' Motor...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-25

...[bdi1][bdi0] and Fort Collins Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plans' Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets for... Aspen Attainment/Maintenance Area'' \\1\\ and its motor vehicle emissions budget, and the ``Revised Carbon... which we determine whether a SIP revision's motor vehicle emissions budget (MVEB) is adequate for...

45 CFR 233.110 - Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance. 233.110 Section 233.110 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF FAMILY... maintenance and adoption assistance. (a) State plan requirements. A State plan under title IV-A of the Social...

45 CFR 233.110 - Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2014-10-01 2012-10-01 true Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance. 233.110 Section 233.110 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF FAMILY... maintenance and adoption assistance. (a) State plan requirements. A State plan under title IV-A of the Social...

45 CFR 233.110 - Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance. 233.110 Section 233.110 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF FAMILY... maintenance and adoption assistance. (a) State plan requirements. A State plan under title IV-A of the Social...

45 CFR 233.110 - Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance. 233.110 Section 233.110 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF FAMILY... maintenance and adoption assistance. (a) State plan requirements. A State plan under title IV-A of the Social...

45 CFR 233.110 - Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2013-10-01 2012-10-01 true Foster care maintenance and adoption assistance. 233.110 Section 233.110 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF FAMILY... maintenance and adoption assistance. (a) State plan requirements. A State plan under title IV-A of the Social...

30 CFR 74.10 - Operating and maintenance instructions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... storage instructions and a maintenance and service life plan with each new CPDM device sold. These... of how the CPDM works; (ii) A schematic diagram of the CPDM; (iii) Procedures for wearing and use of... functioning of the CPDM. (2) The maintenance and service life plan must address: (i) Conditions that should...

78 FR 34965 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Lima 1997 8-Hour Ozone...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-11

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Lima 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan Revision; Motor... 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality State Implementation Plan (SIP) to replace the previously... Simulator (MOVES) emissions model. Ohio submitted the SIP revision request to EPA on January 11, 2013. DATES...

78 FR 34965 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; 1997 8-Hour Ozone...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-11

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan Revision; Motor... request by Ohio to revise the 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality State Implementation Plan (SIP...) emissions model. Ohio submitted the SIP revision request to EPA on December 7, 2012. DATES: Comments must be...

78 FR 34906 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Lima 1997 8-Hour Ozone...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-11

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Lima 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan Revision to... Lima, Ohio 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality State Implementation Plan (SIP) to replace motor... (MOVES) emissions model. Ohio submitted the SIP revision request to EPA on January 11, 2013. DATES: This...

77 FR 34819 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-12

... to inclusion of CSAPR as a potential contingency measure in Illinois' ozone maintenance plan. In..., after promulgation by USEPA'' as a possible contingency measure in the maintenance plan, this measure is only one of many that may be selected should the contingency plan be triggered. EPA has concluded, in...

A Minimum Delta V Orbit Maintenance Strategy for Low-Altitude Missions Using Burn Parameter Optimization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brown, Aaron J.

2011-01-01

Orbit maintenance is the series of burns performed during a mission to ensure the orbit satisfies mission constraints. Low-altitude missions often require non-trivial orbit maintenance Delta V due to sizable orbital perturbations and minimum altitude thresholds. A strategy is presented for minimizing this Delta V using impulsive burn parameter optimization. An initial estimate for the burn parameters is generated by considering a feasible solution to the orbit maintenance problem. An low-lunar orbit example demonstrates the Delta V savings from the feasible solution to the optimal solution. The strategy s extensibility to more complex missions is discussed, as well as the limitations of its use.

MRI evaluation of frequent complications after intra-arterial transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells in rats

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Namestnikova, D.; Gubskiy, I.; Gabashvili, A.; Sukhinich, K.; Melnikov, P.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Soloveva, A.; Vitushev, E.; Chekhonin, V.; Gubsky, L.; Yarygin, K.

2017-08-01

Intra-arterial transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is an effective delivery route for treatment of ischemic brain injury. Despite significant therapeutic effects and targeted cells delivery to the brain infraction, serious adverse events such as cerebral embolism have been reported and may restrict potential clinical applications of this method. In current study, we evaluate potential complications of intra-arterial MSCs administration and determine the optimum parameters for cell transplantation. We injected SPIO-labeled human MSCs via internal carotid artery with different infusion parameters and cell dose in intact rats and in rats with the middle cerebral occlusion stroke model. Cerebrovascular complications and labeled cells were visualized in vivo using MRI. We have shown that the incidence of cerebral embolic events depends on such parameters as cell dose, infusion rate and maintenance of blood flow in the internal carotid artery (ICA). Optimal parameters were considered to be 5×105 hMSC in 1 ml of PBS by syringe pump with velocity 100 μ/min and maintenance of blood flow in the ICA. Obtained data should be considered before planning experiments in rats and, potentially, can help in planning clinical trials in stroke patients.

77 FR 75865 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-26

... 1997 Annual PM 2.5 NAAQS maintenance plan, including the on-road motor vehicle insignificance finding... Implementation Plan (SIP) to include the 1997 Annual PM 2.5 maintenance plan for the Kentucky portion of the Huntington-Ashland Area. EPA is also approving the on-road motor vehicle insignificance finding for direct PM...

75 FR 72954 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Ohio Portion of the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-29

... maintenance plan revision on July 6, 2010. The submittal contained revisions to 2015 and 2020 NO X point... (SIP), the States' plans for maintaining the 8-hour ozone NAAQS through 2020 in the area. The Ohio and Indiana plans demonstrated maintenance of the 8-hour ozone standard through 2020 by showing that current...

78 FR 48638 - Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plans: Alaska; Fairbanks Carbon Monoxide...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-09

... Promulgation of State Implementation Plans: Alaska; Fairbanks Carbon Monoxide Limited Maintenance Plan AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: The EPA is proposing to approve a carbon... carbon monoxide National Ambient Air Quality Standards through the second 10- year maintenance period...

Reducing fatigue damage for ships in transit through structured decision making

USGS Publications Warehouse

Nichols, J.M.; Fackler, P.L.; Pacifici, K.; Murphy, K.D.; Nichols, J.D.

2014-01-01

Research in structural monitoring has focused primarily on drawing inference about the health of a structure from the structure’s response to ambient or applied excitation. Knowledge of the current state can then be used to predict structural integrity at a future time and, in principle, allows one to take action to improve safety, minimize ownership costs, and/or increase the operating envelope. While much time and effort has been devoted toward data collection and system identification, research to-date has largely avoided the question of how to choose an optimal maintenance plan. This work describes a structured decision making (SDM) process for taking available information (loading data, model output, etc.) and producing a plan of action for maintaining the structure. SDM allows the practitioner to specify his/her objectives and then solves for the decision that is optimal in the sense that it maximizes those objectives. To demonstrate, we consider the problem of a Naval vessel transiting a fixed distance in varying sea-state conditions. The physics of this problem are such that minimizing transit time increases the probability of fatigue failure in the structural supports. It is shown how SDM produces the optimal trip plan in the sense that it minimizes both transit time and probability of failure in the manner of our choosing (i.e., through a user-defined cost function). The example illustrates the benefit of SDM over heuristic approaches to maintaining the vessel.

Maintenance of Automated Library Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Epstein, Susan Baerg

1983-01-01

Discussion of the maintenance of both the software and hardware in an automated library system highlights maintenance by the vendor, contracts and costs, the maintenance log, downtime, and planning for trouble. (EJS)

Optimal manpower allocation in aircraft line maintenance (Case in GMF AeroAsia)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Puteri, V. E.; Yuniaristanto, Hisjam, M.

2017-11-01

This paper presents a mathematical modeling to find the optimal manpower allocation in an aircraft line maintenance. This research focuses on assigning the number and type of manpower that allocated to each service. This study considers the licenced worker or Aircraft Maintenance Engineer Licence (AMEL) and non licenced worker or Aircraft Maintenance Technician (AMT). In this paper, we also consider the relationship of each station in terms of the possibility to transfer the manpower among them. The optimization model considers the number of manpowers needed for each service and the requirement of AMEL worker. This paper aims to determine the optimal manpower allocation using the mathematical modeling. The objective function of the model is to find the minimum employee expenses. The model was solved using the ILOG CPLEX software. The results show that the manpower allocation can meet the manpower need and the all load can be served.

Make or Buy: An Analysis of the Impacts of 3D Printing Operations, 3D Laser Scanning Technology, and Collaborative Product Lifecycle Management on Ship Maintenance and Modernization Cost Savings

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-21

3 Navy Depot Maintenance Strategic Plan (2014– 2019 ... Tech Center in-sourcing initiative saves between $52 and $203 million in data system costs over the life of the project. The Army claims in...maintenance budgets at the DOD and the Navy are highlighted, and the Navy Depot Maintenance Strategic Plan (2014– 2019 ) is introduced. The Problem

Availability analysis of mechanical systems with condition-based maintenance using semi-Markov and evaluation of optimal condition monitoring interval

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Girish; Jain, Vipul; Gandhi, O. P.

2018-03-01

Maintenance helps to extend equipment life by improving its condition and avoiding catastrophic failures. Appropriate model or mechanism is, thus, needed to quantify system availability vis-a-vis a given maintenance strategy, which will assist in decision-making for optimal utilization of maintenance resources. This paper deals with semi-Markov process (SMP) modeling for steady state availability analysis of mechanical systems that follow condition-based maintenance (CBM) and evaluation of optimal condition monitoring interval. The developed SMP model is solved using two-stage analytical approach for steady-state availability analysis of the system. Also, CBM interval is decided for maximizing system availability using Genetic Algorithm approach. The main contribution of the paper is in the form of a predictive tool for system availability that will help in deciding the optimum CBM policy. The proposed methodology is demonstrated for a centrifugal pump.

75 FR 16456 - Adequacy Status of the Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX Maintenance Plan; 8-Hour Ozone Motor Vehicle...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-01

... (MVEB) in the Beaumont-Port Arthur, Texas (BPA) Redesignation Request/Maintenance Plan State... Quality (TCEQ) are adequate for transportation conformity purposes. As a result of EPA's finding, the BPA... Plan SIP for the Beaumont-Port Arthur (BPA) ozone nonattainment area. This submission established the...

78 FR 34303 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; North Carolina; Removal of Stage II Gasoline...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-07

... associated maintenance plans, North Carolina provided contingency measures that included regulation 15A North... contingency measures that were also included in the 1- hour ozone maintenance plans. These contingency... the contingency measures in its SIP for the Charlotte-Gastonia, Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point...

78 FR 77628 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Hampshire; Manchester and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-24

... Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NH DES) submitted a SIP revision to EPA that contained... 8-hour CO standard. On August 1, 2012, the NH DES submitted a limited maintenance plan SIP revision... DES's SIP revision uses EPA's limited maintenance plan approach, as detailed in the EPA guidance...

Data system for planning maintenance resurfacing.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1973-01-01

Planning for maintenance resurfacing in the Virginia Department of Highways is becoming an increasingly complex and important function. Increasing highway mileage and traffic volumes, as well as other requirements such as maintaining a minimum skid r...

Maintenance and operations plan for intelligent transportation systems in Kentucky.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-06-01

This report presents a Maintenance and Operations Plan for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) in Kentucky. It was developed using substantial stakeholder input and provides recommendations and specific strategies for supporting and coordinating...

Region 2: Puerto Rico Adequate Letter (8/25/2009)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This is a letter from Ronald Borsellino, Acting Director, to Pedro J. Nieves Miranda regarding a limited maintenance plan as the maintenance plan in support of the redesignation for the Municipality of Guaynabo PM10.

40 CFR 63.2987 - What must my operation, maintenance, and monitoring (OMM) plan include?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., maintenance, and monitoring (OMM) plan include? (a) You must prescribe the monitoring that will be performed...) For the burn cycle that follows the inspection, document that the thermal oxidizer is operating...

Building Maintenance, Management, and Budgeting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pawsey, M. R.

1982-01-01

Australian methods and formulas for funding building maintenance and management are outlined and found to be haphazard. Discussed are: ultimate costs of deferred maintenance, major plant replacements, life cycle costing, types of maintenance programs (including full preventive maintenance), use of computer programs for planning, and organization…

Medicaid Coverage of Methadone Maintenance and the Use of Opioid Agonist Therapy Among Pregnant Women in Specialty Treatment.

PubMed

Bachhuber, Marcus A; Mehta, Pooja K; Faherty, Laura J; Saloner, Brendan

2017-12-01

Opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is the standard of care for pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD). Medicaid coverage policies may strongly influence OAT use in this group. To examine the association between Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance and planned use of OAT in the publicly funded treatment system. Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of treatment admissions in 30 states extracted from the Treatment Episode Data Set (2013 and 2014). Medicaid-insured pregnant women with OUD (n=3354 treatment admissions). The main outcome measure was planned use of OAT on admission. The main exposure was state Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance. Using multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for sociodemographic, substance use, and treatment characteristics, we compared the probability of planned OAT use in states with Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance versus states without coverage. A total of 71% of pregnant women admitted to OUD treatment were 18-29 years old, 85% were white non-Hispanic, and 56% used heroin. Overall, 74% of admissions occurred in the 18 states with Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance and 53% of admissions involved planned use of OAT. Compared with states without Medicaid coverage of methadone maintenance, admissions in states with coverage were significantly more likely to involve planned OAT use (adjusted difference: 32.9 percentage points, 95% confidence interval, 19.2-46.7). Including methadone maintenance in the Medicaid benefit is essential to increasing OAT among pregnant women with OUD and should be considered a key policy strategy to enhance outcomes for mothers and newborns.

76 FR 20853 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Kentucky; Approval of Section 110...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-14

... NAAQS through the year 2020 for the Four Kentucky Areas. These maintenance plans meet applicable... period of 10 years after redesignation, consistent with the CAA section 175A(a). EPA approved Kentucky's... attainment areas) were required to submit 10-year maintenance plans pursuant to section 110(a)(1) of the CAA...

77 FR 23619 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Alabama: Removal of State Low-Reid Vapor...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-20

... Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), on January 10, 2012, for parallel processing. ADEM... portion of the Alabama SIP to the contingency measures portions of the maintenance plans for the... proposed maintenance plans for the 1997 annual fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) standards, and the 2006 24...

Value centric approaches to the design, operations and maintenance of wind turbines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khadabadi, Madhur Aravind

Wind turbine maintenance is emerging as an unexpectedly high component of turbine operating cost, and there is an increasing interest in managing this cost. This thesis presents an alternative view of maintenance as a value-driver, and develops an optimization algorithm to evaluate the value delivered by different maintenance techniques. I view maintenance as an operation that moves the turbine to an improved state in which it can generate more power and, thus, earn more revenue. To implement this approach, I model the stochastic deterioration of the turbine in two dimensions: the deterioration rate, and the extent of deterioration, and then use maintenance to improve the state of the turbine. The value of the turbine is the difference between the revenue from to the power generation and the costs incurred in operation and maintenance. With a focus on blade deterioration, I evaluate the value delivered by implementing two different maintenance schemes, predictive maintenance and scheduled maintenance. An example of predictive maintenance technique is the use of Condition Monitoring Systems to precisely detect deterioration. I model Condition Monitoring System (CMS) of different degrees of fidelity, where a higher fidelity CMS would allow the blade state to be determined with a higher precision. The same model is then applied for the scheduled maintenance technique. The improved state information obtained from these techniques is then used to derive an optimal maintenance strategy. The difference between the value of the turbine with and without the inspection type can be interpreted as the value of the inspection. The results indicate that a higher fidelity (and more expensive) inspection method does not necessarily yield the highest value, and, that there is an optimal level of fidelity that results in maximum value. The results also aim to inform the operator of the impact of regional parameters such as wind speed, variance and maintenance costs to the optimal maintenance strategy. The contributions of this work are twofold. First, I present a practical approach to wind turbine valuation that takes operating and market conditions into account. This work should therefore be useful to wind farm operators, investors and decision makers. Second, I show how the value of a maintenance scheme can be explicitly assessed for different conditions.

Policy for equipment’s leasing period extension with minimum cost of maintenance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lestari, C.; Kurniati, N.

2018-04-01

The cost structure for equipment investment including purchase cost and maintenance cost is getting more expensive. The company considers to lease the equipment instead of purchase it under a contractual agreement. Offering to extend the lease period, following to the base lease period, will provide more benefits for both the lessor (owner) and the lessee (user). Whenever the lease period extension offered at the beginning of the contract, there are some risks in finance e.g. uncertainty of the equipment performance and lessor responsibility. Therefore, this research attempts to model the optimal maintenance policy for lease period extension offered at the end of the contract. Minimal repair is performed to rectify a failed equipment, while imperfect preventive maintenance is conducted to improve the operational state of the equipment when reaches a certain control limit to avoid failures. The mathematical model is constructed to determine the optimal control limit, the number and degree of preventive maintenance, and the multiplication number of the lease period extension. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the influences of the optimal length of the extended lease and the maintenance policy to minimize the maintenance cost.

42 CFR 417.165 - Reapplication for qualification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Continued Regulation of Federally Qualified Health Maintenance Organizations... CMS for purposes of section 1310 of the PHS Act may, after completing the corrective action required...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Coble, Jamie B.; Coles, Garill A.; Ramuhalli, Pradeep

Advanced small modular reactors (aSMRs) can provide the United States with a safe, sustainable, and carbon-neutral energy source. The controllable day-to-day costs of aSMRs are expected to be dominated by operation and maintenance costs. Health and condition assessment coupled with online risk monitors can potentially enhance affordability of aSMRs through optimized operational planning and maintenance scheduling. Currently deployed risk monitors are an extension of probabilistic risk assessment (PRA). For complex engineered systems like nuclear power plants, PRA systematically combines event likelihoods and the probability of failure (POF) of key components, so that when combined with the magnitude of possible adversemore » consequences to determine risk. Traditional PRA uses population-based POF information to estimate the average plant risk over time. Currently, most nuclear power plants have a PRA that reflects the as-operated, as-modified plant; this model is updated periodically, typically once a year. Risk monitors expand on living PRA by incorporating changes in the day-by-day plant operation and configuration (e.g., changes in equipment availability, operating regime, environmental conditions). However, population-based POF (or population- and time-based POF) is still used to populate fault trees. Health monitoring techniques can be used to establish condition indicators and monitoring capabilities that indicate the component-specific POF at a desired point in time (or over a desired period), which can then be incorporated in the risk monitor to provide a more accurate estimate of the plant risk in different configurations. This is particularly important for active systems, structures, and components (SSCs) proposed for use in aSMR designs. These SSCs may differ significantly from those used in the operating fleet of light-water reactors (or even in LWR-based SMR designs). Additionally, the operating characteristics of aSMRs can present significantly different requirements, including the need to operate in different coolant environments, higher operating temperatures, and longer operating cycles between planned refueling and maintenance outages. These features, along with the relative lack of operating experience for some of the proposed advanced designs, may limit the ability to estimate event probability and component POF with a high degree of certainty. Incorporating real-time estimates of component POF may compensate for a relative lack of established knowledge about the long-term component behavior and improve operational and maintenance planning and optimization. The particular eccentricities of advanced reactors and small modular reactors provide unique challenges and needs for advanced instrumentation, control, and human-machine interface (ICHMI) techniques such as enhanced risk monitors (ERM) in aSMRs. Several features of aSMR designs increase the need for accurate characterization of the real-time risk during operation and maintenance activities. A number of technical gaps in realizing ERM exist, and these gaps are largely independent of the specific reactor technology. As a result, the development of a framework for ERM would enable greater situational awareness regardless of the specific class of reactor technology. A set of research tasks are identified in a preliminary research plan to enable the development, testing, and demonstration of such a framework. Although some aspects of aSMRs, such as specific operational characteristics, will vary and are not now completely defined, the proposed framework is expected to be relevant regardless of such uncertainty. The development of an ERM framework will provide one of the key technical developments necessary to ensure the economic viability of aSMRs.« less

Computer-aided acquisition and logistics support (CALS): Concept of Operations for Depot Maintenance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bourgeois, N.C.; Greer, D.K.

1993-04-01

This CALS Concept of Operations for Depot Maintenance provides the foundation strategy and the near term tactical plan for CALS implementation in the depot maintenance environment. The user requirements enumerated and the overarching architecture outlined serve as the primary framework for implementation planning. The seamless integration of depot maintenance business processes and supporting information systems with the emerging global CALS environment will be critical to the efficient realization of depot user's information requirements, and as, such will be a fundamental theme in depot implementations.

Optimizing Maintenance Manpower for USMC F/A-18 Squadrons

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

experience level, with the requirement of keeping a standard number of aircraft operationally ready. MVP results show areas of deficit, either manpower ...MAINTENANCE MANPOWER FOR USMC F/A-18 SQUADRONS by Kevin J. Goodwin June 2016 Thesis Co-Advisors: W. Matthew Carlyle Robert F. Dell Second...REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Master’s thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE OPTIMIZING MAINTENANCE MANPOWER FOR USMC F/A-18 SQUADRONS 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6

Improved imaging algorithm for bridge crack detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lu, Jingxiao; Song, Pingli; Han, Kaihong

2012-04-01

This paper present an improved imaging algorithm for bridge crack detection, through optimizing the eight-direction Sobel edge detection operator, making the positioning of edge points more accurate than without the optimization, and effectively reducing the false edges information, so as to facilitate follow-up treatment. In calculating the crack geometry characteristics, we use the method of extracting skeleton on single crack length. In order to calculate crack area, we construct the template of area by making logical bitwise AND operation of the crack image. After experiment, the results show errors of the crack detection method and actual manual measurement are within an acceptable range, meet the needs of engineering applications. This algorithm is high-speed and effective for automated crack measurement, it can provide more valid data for proper planning and appropriate performance of the maintenance and rehabilitation processes of bridge.

Need for Cost Optimization of Space Life Support Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, Harry W.; Anderson, Grant

2017-01-01

As the nation plans manned missions that go far beyond Earth orbit to Mars, there is an urgent need for a robust, disciplined systems engineering methodology that can identify an optimized Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLSS) architecture for long duration deep space missions. But unlike the previously used Equivalent System Mass (ESM), the method must be inclusive of all driving parameters and emphasize the economic analysis of life support system design. The key parameter for this analysis is Life Cycle Cost (LCC). LCC takes into account the cost for development and qualification of the system, launch costs, operational costs, maintenance costs and all other relevant and associated costs. Additionally, an effective methodology must consider system technical performance, safety, reliability, maintainability, crew time, and other factors that could affect the overall merit of the life support system.

Region 8: Colorado Denver, Pagosa Springs and Telluride Adequate Letter (8/18/2000)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This letter from EPA to Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment determined Denvers' Carbon Monoxide (CO) maintenance plan, Pagosa Springs and Tellurides' Particulate Matter (PM10) maintenance plans for Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets adequate

40 CFR 63.1347 - Operation and maintenance plan requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Portland Cement Manufacturing Industry Emission Standards and Operating Limits § 63.1347 Operation and maintenance plan requirements. (a...

40 CFR 63.1347 - Operation and maintenance plan requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Portland Cement Manufacturing Industry Emission Standards and Operating Limits § 63.1347 Operation and maintenance plan requirements. (a...

General Mechanical Repair. Minor Automotive Maintenance, Small Engine [Repair, and] Welding: Curriculum Guide and Lesson Plans.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hamlin, Larry

This document contains a curriculum guide and lesson plans for a general mechanical repair course with three sections: minor automotive maintenance, small engine repair, and welding. The curriculum guide begins with a matrix that relates the lesson plans to essential elements of math, science, language arts, and social studies and to Texas…

78 FR 59261 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Designation of Areas for Air Quality Planning...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-26

... continue to attain the 24-hour PM 10 NAAQS for at least 10 years beyond redesignation (i.e., through 2023... maintenance demonstration showing how the area will continue to attain the 24-hour PM 10 NAAQS for 10 years... serves as the Sacramento PM 10 Maintenance Plan's attainment year emissions inventory, as satisfying the...

How to Get a Maintenance Program Underway

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lundy, Lyndall L.

1975-01-01

The article describes the development of a comprehensive maintenance program for the school shop. A general maintenance management outline provides direction for planning, execution, and evaluation. (MW)

Centralized mission planning and scheduling system for the Landsat Data Continuity Mission

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kavelaars, Alicia; Barnoy, Assaf M.; Gregory, Shawna; Garcia, Gonzalo; Talon, Cesar; Greer, Gregory; Williams, Jason; Dulski, Vicki

2014-01-01

Satellites in Low Earth Orbit provide missions with closer range for studying aspects such as geography and topography, but often require efficient utilization of space and ground assets. Optimizing schedules for these satellites amounts to a complex planning puzzle since it requires operators to face issues such as discontinuous ground contacts, limited onboard memory storage, constrained downlink margin, and shared ground antenna resources. To solve this issue for the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM, Landsat 8), all the scheduling exchanges for science data request, ground/space station contact, and spacecraft maintenance and control will be coordinated through a centralized Mission Planning and Scheduling (MPS) engine, based upon GMV’s scheduling system flexplan9 . The synchronization between all operational functions must be strictly maintained to ensure efficient mission utilization of ground and spacecraft activities while working within the bounds of the space and ground resources, such as Solid State Recorder (SSR) and available antennas. This paper outlines the functionalities that the centralized planning and scheduling system has in its operational control and management of the Landsat 8 spacecraft.

Airline Maintenance Manpower Optimization from the De Novo Perspective

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liou, James J. H.; Tzeng, Gwo-Hshiung

Human resource management (HRM) is an important issue for today’s competitive airline marketing. In this paper, we discuss a multi-objective model designed from the De Novo perspective to help airlines optimize their maintenance manpower portfolio. The effectiveness of the model and solution algorithm is demonstrated in an empirical study of the optimization of the human resources needed for airline line maintenance. Both De Novo and traditional multiple objective programming (MOP) methods are analyzed. A comparison of the results with those of traditional MOP indicates that the proposed model and solution algorithm does provide better performance and an improved human resource portfolio.

Beyond reliability to profitability

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bond, T.H.; Mitchell, J.S.

1996-07-01

Reliability concerns have controlled much of power generation design and operations. Emerging from a strictly regulated environment, profitability is becoming a much more important concept for today`s power generation executives. This paper discusses the conceptual advance-view power plant maintenance as a profit center, go beyond reliability, and embrace profitability. Profit Centered Maintenance begins with the premise that financial considerations, namely profitability, drive most aspects of modern process and manufacturing operations. Profit Centered Maintenance is a continuous process of reliability and administrative improvement and optimization. For the power generation executives with troublesome maintenance programs, Profit Centered Maintenance can be the blueprintmore » to increased profitability. It requires the culture change to make decisions based on value, to reengineer the administration of maintenance, and to enable the people performing and administering maintenance to make the most of available maintenance information technology. The key steps are to optimize the physical function of maintenance and to resolve recurring maintenance problems so that the need for maintenance can be reduced. Profit Centered Maintenance is more than just an attitude it is a path to profitability, be it resulting in increased profits or increased market share.« less

Draft Site Management and Monitoring Plan for Corpus Christi Maintenance and New Work Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

USEPA Region 6 and the US Army Corps of Engineers submit for public comment the Draft Site Management and Monitoring Plan for Corpus Christi Maintenance and New Work Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site

40 CFR 63.1347 - Operation and maintenance plan requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Portland Cement Manufacturing Industry Emission Standards and Operating Limits § 63.1347 Operation and maintenance plan requirements. (a) You must...

40 CFR 63.1347 - Operation and maintenance plan requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Portland Cement Manufacturing Industry Emission Standards and Operating Limits § 63.1347 Operation and maintenance plan requirements. (a) You must...

40 CFR 1065.303 - Summary of required calibration and verifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... initial installation and after major maintenance. THC FID optimization, and THC FID verification Optimize and determine CH4 response for THC FID analyzers: upon initial installation and after major maintenance. Verify CH4 response for THC FID analyzers: upon initial installation, within 185 days before...

40 CFR 1065.303 - Summary of required calibration and verifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... initial installation and after major maintenance. THC FID optimization, and THC FID verification Optimize and determine CH4 response for THC FID analyzers: upon initial installation and after major maintenance. Verify CH4 response for THC FID analyzers: upon initial installation, within 185 days before...

Wind speed time series reconstruction using a hybrid neural genetic approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodriguez, H.; Flores, J. J.; Puig, V.; Morales, L.; Guerra, A.; Calderon, F.

2017-11-01

Currently, electric energy is used in practically all modern human activities. Most of the energy produced came from fossil fuels, making irreversible damage to the environment. Lately, there has been an effort by nations to produce energy using clean methods, such as solar and wind energy, among others. Wind energy is one of the cleanest alternatives. However, the wind speed is not constant, making the planning and operation at electric power systems a difficult activity. Knowing in advance the amount of raw material (wind speed) used for energy production allows us to estimate the energy to be generated by the power plant, helping the maintenance planning, the operational management, optimal operational cost. For these reasons, the forecast of wind speed becomes a necessary task. The forecast process involves the use of past observations from the variable to forecast (wind speed). To measure wind speed, weather stations use devices called anemometers, but due to poor maintenance, connection error, or natural wear, they may present false or missing data. In this work, a hybrid methodology is proposed, and it uses a compact genetic algorithm with an artificial neural network to reconstruct wind speed time series. The proposed methodology reconstructs the time series using a ANN defined by a Compact Genetic Algorithm.

40 CFR 52.672 - Approval of plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

....672 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED... County Air Quality Maintenance Area Second 10-year Carbon Monoxide Limited Maintenance Plan submitted by... meeting the requirements of Clean Air Act section 169A and 40 CFR 51.308(e) regarding Best Available...

Design and Implementation of the PMS Module for ’Argos’

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

designing , and implementing a fully workable Planned Maintenance System (PMS). This implementation demonstrates both the capabilities and benefits such a...analyzing, designing , and implementing a fully workable Planned Maintenance System (PMS). This implementation demonstrates both the capabilities and... design and implementation. PMS is the system developed by the navy to provide each ship, department, and supervisor with the tools needed to plan

Cryogenics maintenance strategy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cruzat, Fabiola

2012-09-01

ALMA is an interferometer composed of 66 independent systems, with specific maintenance requirements for each subsystem. To optimize the observation time and reduce downtime maintenance, requirements are very demanding. One subsystem with high maintenance efforts is cryogenics and vacuum. To organize the maintenance, the Cryogenic and Vacuum department is using and implementing different tools. These are monitoring and problem reporting systems and CMMS. This leads to different maintenance approaches: Preventive Maintenance, Corrective Maintenance and Condition Based Maintenance. In order to coordinate activities with other departments the preventive maintenance schedule is kept as flexible as systems allow. To cope with unavoidable failures, the team has to be prepared to work under any condition with the spares on time. Computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) will help to manage inventory control for reliable spare part handling, the correct record of work orders and traceability of maintenance activities. For an optimized approach the department is currently evaluating where preventive or condition based maintenance applies to comply with the individual system demand. Considering the change from maintenance contracts to in-house maintenance will help to minimize costs and increase availability of parts. Due to increased number of system and tasks the cryo team needs to grow. Training of all staff members is mandatory, in depth knowledge must be built up by doing complex maintenance activities in the Cryo group, use of advanced computerized metrology systems.

40 CFR 1065.303 - Summary of required calibration and verifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...: FID calibrationTHC FID optimization, and THC FID verification Calibrate all FID analyzers: upon initial installation and after major maintenance.Optimize and determine CH4 response for THC FID analyzers: upon initial installation and after major maintenance. Verify CH4 response for THC FID analyzers: upon...

Service contract with periodic preventive maintenance for a dump truck sold with a two-dimensional warranty

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nasrum, A.; Pasaribu, U. S.; Husniah, H.

2016-02-01

This paper deals with maintenance service contract for a dump truck sold with a two-dimensional warranties. We consider a situation where an agent offers two maintenance contract options and the owner of the equipment has to select the optimal option either the OEM carried out all repairs and preventive maintenance activities (option one) or the OEM only carries out failure while the costumer undertakes preventive maintenance action in-house (option two). As the number of preventive maintenance and corrective maintenance that occurs in the area of servicing contracts is very influential in determining the value of the contract, we have to determine the optimal time between preventive maintenance that can minimize the cost of repair in the contract area. Moreover, we also study the maintenance service contract considering reduction of the intensity function after preventive maintenance from both the owner and OEM point of views. In this paper, we use a Weibull intensity function to consider a product with increasing failure intensity. We use a non-cooperative game formulation to determine the optimal price structure (i.e., the contract price and repair cost) for the OEM and the owner. A numerical example derived from the model has shown that if the owner choose option one then the owner obtain a higher profit compared with the profit resulted from option two. The result agree with earlier work which uses the accelerated failure time (AFT) for the failure modeling, while here we model the failure of the dump truck without the use of the AFT.

A Simulation Based Approach for Contingency Planning for Aircraft Turnaround Operation System Activities in Airline Hubs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Adeleye, Sanya; Chung, Christopher

2006-01-01

Commercial aircraft undergo a significant number of maintenance and logistical activities during the turnaround operation at the departure gate. By analyzing the sequencing of these activities, more effective turnaround contingency plans may be developed for logistical and maintenance disruptions. Turnaround contingency plans are particularly important as any kind of delay in a hub based system may cascade into further delays with subsequent connections. The contingency sequencing of the maintenance and logistical turnaround activities were analyzed using a combined network and computer simulation modeling approach. Experimental analysis of both current and alternative policies provides a framework to aid in more effective tactical decision making.

Contribution to the Optimization of Strategy of Maintenance by Lean Six Sigma

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Youssouf, Ayadi; Rachid, Chaib; Ion, Verzea

The efficiency of the maintenance of the industrial systems is a major economic stake for their business concern. The main difficulties and the sources of ineffectiveness live in the choice of the actions of maintenance especially when the machine plays a vital role in the process of production. But as Algeria has embarked on major infrastructure projects in transport, housing, automobile, manufacturing industry and construction (factories, housing, highway, subway, tram, etc.) requiring new implications on maintenance strategies that meet industry requirements imposed by the exploitation. From then on and seen the importance of the maintenance on the economic market and sound impacts on the performances of the installations, methods of optimization were developed. For this purpose, to ensure the survival of businesses, be credible, contributing and competitive in the market, maintenance services must continually adapt to the progress of technical areas, technological and organizational even help maintenance managers to construct or to modify maintenance strategies, objective of this work. Our contribution in this work focuses on the optimization of maintenance for industrial systems by the use of Lean six Sigma bases. Lean Six Sigma is a method of improving the quality and profitability based on mastering statically of process and it is also a management style that based on a highly regulated organization dedicated to managing project. The method is based on five main steps summarized in the acronym (DMAIC): Define Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control. Application of the method on the maintenance processes with using maintenance methods during the five phases of the method will help to reduce costs and losses in order to strive for optimum results in terms of profit and quality.

Reducing maintenance costs in agreement with CNC machine tools reliability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ungureanu, A. L.; Stan, G.; Butunoi, P. A.

2016-08-01

Aligning maintenance strategy with reliability is a challenge due to the need to find an optimal balance between them. Because the various methods described in the relevant literature involve laborious calculations or use of software that can be costly, this paper proposes a method that is easier to implement on CNC machine tools. The new method, called the Consequence of Failure Analysis (CFA) is based on technical and economic optimization, aimed at obtaining a level of required performance with minimum investment and maintenance costs.

Borescope Inspection Management for Engine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhongda, Yuan

2018-03-01

In this paper, we try to explain the problems need to be improved from the two perspectives of maintenance program management and maintenance human risk control. On the basis of optimization analysis of borescope inspection maintenance scheme, the defect characteristics and expansion rules of engine heat terminal components are summarized, and some optimization measures are introduced. This paper analyses human risk problem of engine hole from the aspects of qualification management, training requirements and perfection of system, and puts forward some suggestions on management.

40 CFR 52.975 - Redesignations and maintenance plans; ozone.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...; ozone. 52.975 Section 52.975 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... and maintenance plans; ozone. Link to an amendment published at 78 FR 27062, May 9, 2013. (a) Approval..., however. The LDEQ addressed these approvability issues in supplemental ozone redesignation requests and...

Connected Vehicle Pilot Deployment Program Phase 2 : Comprehensive Maintenance and Operations Plan - New York City

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-05-31

This Comprehensive Maintenance and Operations Plan (CMOP) describes the types and number of equipment to be operated and maintained for the proposed New York City (NYC) Connected Vehicle Pilot Deployment (CVPD) system. Its objective is to develop a p...

78 FR 41882 - Airworthiness Directives; Dassault Aviation Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-12

..., Airworthiness Limitations, Revision 18, dated July 2012, of Chapter 5, Maintenance Planning Document, of the... Limitations, Revision 18, dated July 2012, of Chapter 5, Maintenance Planning Document, of the Dassualt Falcon... requirements.'' Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in...

Multi-objective group scheduling optimization integrated with preventive maintenance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liao, Wenzhu; Zhang, Xiufang; Jiang, Min

2017-11-01

This article proposes a single-machine-based integration model to meet the requirements of production scheduling and preventive maintenance in group production. To describe the production for identical/similar and different jobs, this integrated model considers the learning and forgetting effects. Based on machine degradation, the deterioration effect is also considered. Moreover, perfect maintenance and minimal repair are adopted in this integrated model. The multi-objective of minimizing total completion time and maintenance cost is taken to meet the dual requirements of delivery date and cost. Finally, a genetic algorithm is developed to solve this optimization model, and the computation results demonstrate that this integrated model is effective and reliable.

IMIS: Integrated Maintenance Information System. A maintenance information delivery concept

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vonholle, Joseph C.

1987-01-01

The Integrated Maintenance Information System (IMIS) will optimize the use of available manpower, enhance technical performance, improve training, and reduce the support equipment and documentation needed for deployment. It will serve as the technician's single, integrated source of all the technical information required to perform modern aircraft maintenance.

Evidence-Based Pharmacologic Treatment of Pediatric Bipolar Disorder.

PubMed

Findling, Robert L

2016-01-01

Pharmacotherapy is an important component of treatment for children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. The body of evidence supporting safe and effective treatments in this population is growing. Available data provide information on the risks and benefits of pharmacologic agents used for acute manic, mixed, and depressive episodes as well as for maintenance treatment. Lithium, anticonvulsants, and antipsychotics comprise the armamentarium for treating pediatric bipolar disorder. When selecting treatment, clinicians must consider the efficacy and side effect profile of potential pharmacotherapies, as well as the patient's history, including the presence of comorbidities, in order to develop a treatment plan that will ensure optimal outcomes. © Copyright 2016 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.

75 FR 13297 - Southeastern Lincoln County Habitat Conservation Plan, Lincoln County, NV

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-19

... development), flood control activities (within the City of Caliente), maintenance of Lincoln County roads and... library locations: (1) Clark County Library, 1401 E. Flamingo Road, Las Vegas, NV 89119; (702) 507-3400...- administered land. Proposed covered activities include: (1) Planned land development and maintenance activities...

Operation, Maintenance and Management of Wastewater Treatment Facilities: A Bibliography of Technical Documents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Himes, Dottie

This is an annotated bibliography of wastewater treatment manuals. Fourteen manuals are abstracted including: (1) A Planned Maintenance Management System for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants; (2) Anaerobic Sludge Digestion, Operations Manual; (3) Emergency Planning for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities; (4) Estimating Laboratory Needs…

78 FR 70578 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request; Ventilation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-26

... for OMB Review; Comment Request; Ventilation Plan and Main Fan Maintenance Record ACTION: Notice...) sponsored information collection request (ICR) titled, ``Ventilation Plan and Main Fan Maintenance Record,'' to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review and approval for continued use, without...

Maintaining consistency between planning hierarchies: Techniques and applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zoch, David R.

1987-01-01

In many planning and scheduling environments, it is desirable to be able to view and manipulate plans at different levels of abstraction, allowing the users the option of viewing and manipulating either a very detailed representation of the plan or a high-level more abstract version of the plan. Generating a detailed plan from a more abstract plan requires domain-specific planning/scheduling knowledge; the reverse process of generating a high-level plan from a detailed plan Reverse Plan Maintenance, or RPM) requires having the system remember the actions it took based on its domain-specific knowledge and its reasons for taking those actions. This reverse plan maintenance process is described as implemented in a specific planning and scheduling tool, The Mission Operations Planning Assistant (MOPA), as well as the applications of RPM to other planning and scheduling problems; emphasizing the knowledge that is needed to maintain the correspondence between the different hierarchical planning levels.

78 FR 59841 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; West Virginia's...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-30

...EPA is approving a redesignation request and State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of West Virginia. The West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) requested that the West Virginia portion of the Wheeling, WV-OH fine particulate matter (PM2.5) nonattainment area (``Wheeling Area'' or ``Area'') be redesignated as attainment for the 1997 annual PM2.5 national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS). In this rulemaking action, EPA is approving the 1997 annual PM2.5 redesignation request for the West Virginia portion of the Area. EPA is also approving the maintenance plan SIP revision that the State submitted in conjunction with its redesignation request. The maintenance plan provides for continued attainment of the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS for 10 years after redesignation of the West Virginia portion of the Area. The maintenance plan includes a comprehensive emissions inventory that EPA is approving in this rulemaking. The maintenance plan also includes an insignificance determination for the onroad motor vehicle contribution of PM2.5, nitrogen oxides (NOX), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) for the West Virginia portion of the Area for purposes of transportation conformity. EPA is also approving West Virginia's insignificance determination for transportation conformity. In addition, EPA is also finding that the Area continues to attain the standard. This rulemaking action approving the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS redesignation request, maintenance plan, comprehensive emissions inventory, and insignificance determination for transportation conformity for the West Virginia portion of the Area is based on EPA's determination that the Area has met the criteria for redesignation to attainment specified in the Clean Air Act (CAA).

(n, N) type maintenance policy for multi-component systems with failure interactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Zhuoqi; Wu, Su; Li, Binfeng; Lee, Seungchul

2015-04-01

This paper studies maintenance policies for multi-component systems in which failure interactions and opportunistic maintenance (OM) involve. This maintenance problem can be formulated as a Markov decision process (MDP). However, since an action set and state space in MDP exponentially expand as the number of components increase, traditional approaches are computationally intractable. To deal with curse of dimensionality, we decompose such a multi-component system into mutually influential single-component systems. Each single-component system is formulated as an MDP with the objective of minimising its long-run average maintenance cost. Under some reasonable assumptions, we prove the existence of the optimal (n, N) type policy for a single-component system. An algorithm to obtain the optimal (n, N) type policy is also proposed. Based on the proposed algorithm, we develop an iterative approximation algorithm to obtain an acceptable maintenance policy for a multi-component system. Numerical examples find that failure interactions and OM pose significant effects on a maintenance policy.

An IMS Station life cycle from a sustainment point of view

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brely, Natalie; Gautier, Jean-Pierre; Foster, Daniel

2014-05-01

The International Monitoring System (IMS) is to consist of 321 monitoring facilities, composed of four different technologies with a variety of designs and equipment types, deployed in a range of environments around the globe. The International Monitoring System is conceived to operate in perpetuity through maintenance, replacement and recapitalization of IMS facilities' infrastructure and equipment when the end of service life is reached [CTBT/PTS/INF.1163]. Life Cycle techniques and modellization are being used by the PTS to plan and forecast life cycle sustainment requirements of IMS facilities. Through historical data analysis, Engineering inputs and Feedback from experienced Station Operators, the PTS currently works towards increasing the level of confidence on these forecasts and sustainment requirements planning. Continued validation, feedback and improvement of source data from scientific community and experienced users is sought and essential in order to ensure limited effect on data availability and optimal costs (human and financial).

Optimizing the structure and function of the 50-plus radiology organizations, part 2: a unified strategic plan-a summary of the 2011 Intersociety Conference.

PubMed

Dodd, Gerald D

2012-05-01

The member organizations of the Intersociety Conference have agreed that radiology would benefit from consolidation and collaboration of the 50-plus radiology organizations. At this year's annual meeting, the participants concluded that the educational and research missions of the organizations would benefit from the creation of a unified strategic plan that addressed the coordination of annual meetings, online educational materials, research infrastructure, and the creation of a direct relationship between the research initiatives of the organizations and the patient advocacy groups of the Academy of Radiology Research. The socioeconomic mission of the organizations would be enhanced through the creation of a formal communication network with the ACR, and certification could be enhanced by the orchestration of the creation of educational materials related to the maintenance of certification. Copyright © 2012 American College of Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Theoretical, practical, and social issues in behavioral treatments of obesity.

PubMed Central

Wooley, S C; Wooley, O W; Dyrenforth, S R

1979-01-01

Although showing superior maintenance, behavioral treatments of obesity typically produce small weight losses at a decelerating rate. Rather than reflecting poor compliance with treatment, these findings are consistent with known compensatory metabolic changes that operate to slow weight loss and promote regain. Other problems associated with dieting include failure of caloric regulation, hyper-responsivity to food palatability, and hunger, which is greater under conditions of moderate restriction and unpredictability of access to food. The inevitability of treatment failure in many instances must be faced and efforts made to prevent further worsening of the obese patient's self-esteem. Prognosis and treatment planning may be aided by consideration of the historical difficulties of weight loss, the degree of hunger experienced on diets, which may reflect important physiological differences among individuals, and the use of food to optimize arousal level. Full involvement of the patient in setting goals and planning treatment is recommended. PMID:468747

Railroad decision support tools for track maintenance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-01-01

North American railroads spend billions of dollars each year on track maintenance. With : expenditures of this level, incremental improvements in planning or execution of maintenance projects can result in either substantial savings or the ability to...

Louisiana DOTD maintenance budget allocation system: final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-11-01

This project developed a computer system to assist Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LA DOTD) maintenance managers in the preparation of zero-based, needs-driven annual budget plans for routine maintenance. This includes pavemen...

Maintenance & construction operations user service : an addendum to the ITS program plan

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-01-26

The Maintenance and Construction Operations User Service describes the need for integrating key activities. Generally, key Maintenance and Construction Operations (MCO) activities include monitoring, operating, maintaining, improving, and managing th...

Integration of RAMS in LCC analysis for linear transport infrastructures. A case study for railways.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Calle-Cordón, Álvaro; Jiménez-Redondo, Noemi; Morales-Gámiz, F. J.; García-Villena, F. A.; Garmabaki, Amir H. S.; Odelius, Johan

2017-09-01

Life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis is an economic technique used to assess the total costs associated with the lifetime of a system in order to support decision making in long term strategic planning. For complex systems, such as railway and road infrastructures, the cost of maintenance plays an important role in the LCC analysis. Costs associated with maintenance interventions can be more reliably estimated by integrating the probabilistic nature of the failures associated to these interventions in the LCC models. Reliability, Maintainability, Availability and Safety (RAMS) parameters describe the maintenance needs of an asset in a quantitative way by using probabilistic information extracted from registered maintenance activities. Therefore, the integration of RAMS in the LCC analysis allows obtaining reliable predictions of system maintenance costs and the dependencies of these costs with specific cost drivers through sensitivity analyses. This paper presents an innovative approach for a combined RAMS & LCC methodology for railway and road transport infrastructures being developed under the on-going H2020 project INFRALERT. Such RAMS & LCC analysis provides relevant probabilistic information to be used for condition and risk-based planning of maintenance activities as well as for decision support in long term strategic investment planning.

Future-oriented maintenance strategy based on automated processes is finding its way into large astronomical facilities at remote observing sites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silber, Armin; Gonzalez, Christian; Pino, Francisco; Escarate, Patricio; Gairing, Stefan

2014-08-01

With expanding sizes and increasing complexity of large astronomical observatories on remote observing sites, the call for an efficient and recourses saving maintenance concept becomes louder. The increasing number of subsystems on telescopes and instruments forces large observatories, like in industries, to rethink conventional maintenance strategies for reaching this demanding goal. The implementation of full-, or semi-automatic processes for standard service activities can help to keep the number of operating staff on an efficient level and to reduce significantly the consumption of valuable consumables or equipment. In this contribution we will demonstrate on the example of the 80 Cryogenic subsystems of the ALMA Front End instrument, how an implemented automatic service process increases the availability of spare parts and Line Replaceable Units. Furthermore how valuable staff recourses can be freed from continuous repetitive maintenance activities, to allow focusing more on system diagnostic tasks, troubleshooting and the interchanging of line replaceable units. The required service activities are decoupled from the day-to-day work, eliminating dependencies on workload peaks or logistic constrains. The automatic refurbishing processes running in parallel to the operational tasks with constant quality and without compromising the performance of the serviced system components. Consequentially that results in an efficiency increase, less down time and keeps the observing schedule on track. Automatic service processes in combination with proactive maintenance concepts are providing the necessary flexibility for the complex operational work structures of large observatories. The gained planning flexibility is allowing an optimization of operational procedures and sequences by considering the required cost efficiency.

Command and Control Element, (C2E), ILS Concept Plan

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-05-01

1824. ROBERT F. PHELPS LtCol, USAF Acting Director, BMC3 Attachment Distribution SDIO/SDA SDIO/TD SDIO/ SDG SDIO/SDN SDIO/SDT SDIO/TIC OJCS...3 5 APPENDIX A-PLANNING BY LOGISTICS FUNCTIONAL AREAS A -1 1.0 Maintenance Planning A-2 2.0 Supply Support A-1 0 3.0 Technical...Functional communities and establishments - experts and specialists in fields such as training, maintenance, supply , engineering, computer programming and

40 CFR 63.9000 - What emission limitations and work practice standards must I meet?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... of Hazardous Waste in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces. (d) The emission limits for HCl storage tanks in table 1 to this subpart do not apply during periods of planned routine maintenance of HCl storage tank control devices. Periods of planned routine maintenance of each HCl storage tank control device...

40 CFR 63.7300 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and... operation and maintenance of new or existing by-product coke oven batteries. Each plan must address, at a... emissions from a new or existing coke oven battery. Each plan must address at a minimum the elements in...

40 CFR 63.7300 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and... operation and maintenance of new or existing by-product coke oven batteries. Each plan must address, at a... emissions from a new or existing coke oven battery. Each plan must address at a minimum the elements in...

40 CFR 63.7300 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and... operation and maintenance of new or existing by-product coke oven batteries. Each plan must address, at a... emissions from a new or existing coke oven battery. Each plan must address at a minimum the elements in...

40 CFR 63.7300 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and... operation and maintenance of new or existing by-product coke oven batteries. Each plan must address, at a... emissions from a new or existing coke oven battery. Each plan must address at a minimum the elements in...

40 CFR 63.7300 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and... operation and maintenance of new or existing by-product coke oven batteries. Each plan must address, at a... emissions from a new or existing coke oven battery. Each plan must address at a minimum the elements in...

78 FR 59242 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Utah; Maintenance Plan for the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-26

... Nonattainment and Maintenance Areas and Utah and Weber Counties: Gasoline Transfer and Storage;'' R307-335...: Qualification of Contractors and Test Procedures for Vapor Recovery Systems for Gasoline Delivery Tanks.'' This... Counties: Gasoline Transfer and Storage; Rule R307-335, Ozone Nonattainment and [[Page 59249

78 FR 54173 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Maintenance Plan Update...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-03

... direct final rule in the Federal Register informing the public that the rule will not take effect... maintenance period, a commitment to maintain the existing monitoring network, factors and procedures to be... Network Indiana currently operates two SO 2 monitors in Lake County, Indiana. Indiana has committed to...

78 FR 57651 - Habitat Conservation Plan for the Community of Los Osos, San Luis Obispo County, CA; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-19

..., management, maintenance, and monitoring of conservation lands used to mitigate the effects of the other.... The LOHCP is a comprehensive plan designed to provide long-term conservation and management of... Maintenance: Public and private utility company activities to operate and maintain, including repair and...

42 CFR 411.162 - Medicare benefits secondary to group health plan benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... course of maintenance dialysis or who receive a kidney transplant before December 1989, the coordination... entitlement. (3) An individual began a regular course of maintenance dialysis on February 10, 1990. He did not... plan coverage and Medicare made no payments at all during the deferred period.) (8) The same facts...

42 CFR 411.162 - Medicare benefits secondary to group health plan benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... course of maintenance dialysis or who receive a kidney transplant before December 1989, the coordination... entitlement. (3) An individual began a regular course of maintenance dialysis on February 10, 1990. He did not... plan coverage and Medicare made no payments at all during the deferred period.) (8) The same facts...

42 CFR 411.162 - Medicare benefits secondary to group health plan benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... course of maintenance dialysis or who receive a kidney transplant before December 1989, the coordination... entitlement. (3) An individual began a regular course of maintenance dialysis on February 10, 1990. He did not... plan coverage and Medicare made no payments at all during the deferred period.) (8) The same facts...

76 FR 28223 - Adequacy Status of the Baton Rouge, Louisiana Maintenance Plan 8-Hour Ozone Motor Vehicle...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-16

.... Conformity to a SIP means that transportation activities will not produce new air quality violations, worsen... Rouge, Louisiana Maintenance Plan 8- Hour Ozone Motor Vehicle Emission Budgets for Transportation... Quality (LDEQ) are adequate for transportation conformity purposes. As a result of EPA's finding, the...

75 FR 55977 - Adequacy Status of the Knoxville, TN 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan Motor Vehicle Emission...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-15

... determining whether or not they do so. Conformity to a SIP means that transportation activities will not... Transportation Conformity Purposes AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice of adequacy... Maintenance Plan are adequate for transportation conformity purposes. This revision was submitted on July 14...

77 FR 25164 - Adequacy Status of the Eagle River, Alaska Particulate Matter Limited Maintenance Plan for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-27

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY [EPA-R10-OAR-2010-1914; FRL-9664-7] Adequacy Status of the Eagle River, Alaska Particulate Matter Limited Maintenance Plan for Transportation Conformity Purposes AGENCY... notifying the public of its finding that the Eagle River, Alaska, Particulate Matter (PM 10 ) Limited...

ICD Complex Operations and Maintenance Plan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gibson, P. L.

2007-06-25

This Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Plan describes how the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) conducts operations, winterization, and startup of the Idaho CERCLA Disposal Facility (ICDF) Complex. The ICDF Complex is the centralized INL facility responsible for the receipt, storage, treatment (as necessary), and disposal of INL Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) remediation waste.

40 CFR 141.804 - Aircraft water system operations and maintenance plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Aircraft water system operations and maintenance plan. 141.804 Section 141.804 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS Aircraft Drinking Water Rule § 141.804 Aircraft water system...

Integrated Toolset for WSN Application Planning, Development, Commissioning and Maintenance: The WSN-DPCM ARTEMIS-JU Project.

PubMed

Antonopoulos, Christos; Asimogloy, Katerina; Chiti, Sarah; D'Onofrio, Luca; Gianfranceschi, Simone; He, Danping; Iodice, Antonio; Koubias, Stavros; Koulamas, Christos; Lavagno, Luciano; Lazarescu, Mihai T; Mujica, Gabriel; Papadopoulos, George; Portilla, Jorge; Redondo, Luis; Riccio, Daniele; Riesgo, Teresa; Rodriguez, Daniel; Ruello, Giuseppe; Samoladas, Vasilis; Stoyanova, Tsenka; Touliatos, Gerasimos; Valvo, Angela; Vlahoy, Georgia

2016-06-02

In this article we present the main results obtained in the ARTEMIS-JU WSN-DPCM project between October 2011 and September 2015. The first objective of the project was the development of an integrated toolset for Wireless sensor networks (WSN) application planning, development, commissioning and maintenance, which aims to support application domain experts, with limited WSN expertise, to efficiently develop WSN applications from planning to lifetime maintenance. The toolset is made of three main tools: one for planning, one for application development and simulation (which can include hardware nodes), and one for network commissioning and lifetime maintenance. The tools are integrated in a single platform which promotes software reuse by automatically selecting suitable library components for application synthesis and the abstraction of the underlying architecture through the use of a middleware layer. The second objective of the project was to test the effectiveness of the toolset for the development of two case studies in different domains, one for detecting the occupancy state of parking lots and one for monitoring air concentration of harmful gasses near an industrial site.

Integrated Toolset for WSN Application Planning, Development, Commissioning and Maintenance: The WSN-DPCM ARTEMIS-JU Project

PubMed Central

Antonopoulos, Christos; Asimogloy, Katerina; Chiti, Sarah; D’Onofrio, Luca; Gianfranceschi, Simone; He, Danping; Iodice, Antonio; Koubias, Stavros; Koulamas, Christos; Lavagno, Luciano; Lazarescu, Mihai T.; Mujica, Gabriel; Papadopoulos, George; Portilla, Jorge; Redondo, Luis; Riccio, Daniele; Riesgo, Teresa; Rodriguez, Daniel; Ruello, Giuseppe; Samoladas, Vasilis; Stoyanova, Tsenka; Touliatos, Gerasimos; Valvo, Angela; Vlahoy, Georgia

2016-01-01

In this article we present the main results obtained in the ARTEMIS-JU WSN-DPCM project between October 2011 and September 2015. The first objective of the project was the development of an integrated toolset for Wireless sensor networks (WSN) application planning, development, commissioning and maintenance, which aims to support application domain experts, with limited WSN expertise, to efficiently develop WSN applications from planning to lifetime maintenance. The toolset is made of three main tools: one for planning, one for application development and simulation (which can include hardware nodes), and one for network commissioning and lifetime maintenance. The tools are integrated in a single platform which promotes software reuse by automatically selecting suitable library components for application synthesis and the abstraction of the underlying architecture through the use of a middleware layer. The second objective of the project was to test the effectiveness of the toolset for the development of two case studies in different domains, one for detecting the occupancy state of parking lots and one for monitoring air concentration of harmful gasses near an industrial site. PMID:27271622

Rapid Transit Subways - Maintenance Guidelines for Engineering New Installations for Reduced Maintenance

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-01-01

Economic design of new subways requires optimization of installation and maintenance costs of all the major constituent items. A prerequisite for this is an awareness of the rigorous environmental and other conditions imposed on the subway. Changing ...

Manned Orbital Transfer Vehicle (MOTV). Volume 5: Turnaround analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boyland, R. E.; Sherman, S. W.; Morfin, H. W.

1979-01-01

The development of a low-cost reliable turnaround process to employ the MOTV in enhancing the utilization of the geosynchronous space region is analyzed. It is indicated that a routine effective turnaround/maintenance plan must make maximum use of flight data for maintenance planning, a high degree of test automation, and MOTV maintainability features in order to minimize tests, facilitate repair, and reduce manpower requirements. An effective turnaround plan provides a payback of reduced risks.

Assessment of highway pavements using GPR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plati, Christina; Loizos, Andreas

2015-04-01

Highway infrastructure is a prerequisite for a functioning economy and social life. Highways, often prone to congestion and disruption, are one of the aspects of a modern transport network that require maximum efficiency if an integrated transport network, and sustainable mobility, is to be achieved. Assessing the condition of highway structures, to plan subsequent maintenance, is essential to allow the long-term functioning of a road network. Optimizing the methods used for such assessment will lead to better information being obtained about the road and underlying ground conditions. The condition of highway structures will be affected by a number of factors, including the properties of the highway pavement, the supporting sub-base and the subgrade (natural ground), and the ability to obtain good information about the entire road structure, from pavement to subgrade, allows appropriate maintenance programs to be planned. The maintenance of highway pavements causes considerable cost and in many cases obstruction to traffic flow. In this situation, methods that provide information on the present condition of pavement structure non-destructively and economically are of great interest. It has been shown that Ground-Penetrating-Radar (GPR), which is a Non Destructive Technique (NDT), can deliver information that is useful for the planning of pavement maintenance activities. More specifically GPR is used by pavement engineers in order to determine physical properties and characteristics of the pavement structure, information that is valuable for the assessment of pavement condition. This work gives an overview on the practical application of GPR using examples from highway asphalt pavements monitoring. The presented individual applications of GPR pavement diagnostics concern structure homogeneity, thickness of pavement layers, dielectric properties of asphalt materials etc. It is worthwhile mentioning that a number of applications are standard procedures, either separately or in combination with other NDT methods, but even for them there is still a room for improvement and there is still need to set stricter regulations Comparisons between radar results and ground truth data produce evidence in support of the statement that the accuracy and reliability of radar results is sufficient for facing many issues related to the evaluation of asphalt pavements. Thus, benefits and limits of this method are shown and recommendations for GPR inspections are presented. Acknowledgments: This work benefited from networking activities carried out within the EU funded COST Action TU1208 "Civil Engineering Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar."

Fuzzy usage pattern in customizing public transport fleet and its maintenance options

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Husniah, H.; Herdiani, L.; Kusmaya; Supriatna, A. K.

2018-05-01

In this paper we study a two-dimensional maintenance contract for a fleet of public transport, such as buses, shuttle etc. The buses are sold with a two-dimensional warranty. The warranty and the maintenance contract are characterized by two parameters – age and usage – which define a two-dimensional region. However, we use one dimensional approach to model these age and usage of the buses. The under-laying maintenance service contracts is the one which offers policy limit cost to protect a service provider (an agent) from over claim and to pursue the owner to do maintenance under specified cost in house. This in turn gives benefit for both the owner of the buses and the agent of service contract. The decision problem for an agent is to determine the optimal price for each option offered, and for the owner is to select the best contract option. We use a Nash game theory formulation in order to obtain a win-win solution – i.e. the optimal price for the agent and the optimal option for the owner. We further assume that there will be three different usage pattern of the buses, i.e. low, medium, and high pattern of the usage rate. In many situations it is often that we face a blur boundary between the adjacent patterns. In this paper we look for the optimal price for the agent and the optimal option for the owner, which minimizes the expected total cost while considering the fuzziness of the usage rate pattern.

Space shuttle maintenance program planning document

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brown, D. V.

1972-01-01

A means for developing a space shuttle maintenance program which will be acceptable to the development centers, the operators (KSC and AF), and the manufacturer is presented. The general organization and decision processes for determining the essential scheduled maintenance requirements for the space shuttle orbiter are outlined. The development of initial scheduled maintenance programs is discussed. The remaining maintenance, that is non-scheduled or non-routine maintenance, is directed by the findings of the scheduled maintenance program and the normal operation of the shuttle. The remaining maintenance consists of maintenance actions to correct discrepancies noted during scheduled maintenance tasks, nonscheduled maintenance, normal operation, or condition monitoring.

Evaluation of the Implementation of Operations and Maintenance Programs in New Jersey Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kominsky, John R.; Freyberg, Ronald W.; Gerber, Donald R.; Centifonti, Gary J.

All schools are required to develop and implement an asbestos management plan (AMP). The key component of this plan is each school's operations and maintenance (O&M) program. This report outlines the importance of such programs. It describes an O&M program as an administrative framework that prescribes specific activities and work…

29 CFR 825.211 - Maintenance of benefits under multi-employer health plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.211 Maintenance of benefits under multi-employer health plans. (a) A... contributions on behalf of an employee using FMLA leave as though the employee had been continuously employed...

29 CFR 825.211 - Maintenance of benefits under multi-employer health plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.211 Maintenance of benefits under multi-employer health plans. (a) A... contributions on behalf of an employee using FMLA leave as though the employee had been continuously employed...

29 CFR 825.211 - Maintenance of benefits under multi-employer health plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.211 Maintenance of benefits under multi-employer health plans. (a) A... contributions on behalf of an employee using FMLA leave as though the employee had been continuously employed...

29 CFR 825.211 - Maintenance of benefits under multi-employer health plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS THE FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT OF 1993 Employee Leave Entitlements Under the Family and Medical Leave Act § 825.211 Maintenance of benefits under multi-employer health plans. (a) A... contributions on behalf of an employee using FMLA leave as though the employee had been continuously employed...

78 FR 56185 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; State of Colorado; Second Ten-Year...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-12

... monoxide (CO) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). This limited maintenance plan (LMP) addresses maintenance of the CO NAAQS for a second 10-year period beyond the original redesignation. This action is... Program, EPA, Region 8, Mailcode 8P-AR, 1595 Wynkoop Street, Denver, Colorado 80202-1129. Hand Delivery...

75 FR 33822 - Los Esteros Critical Energy Facility Low-Effect Habitat Conservation Plan for the Bay Checkerspot...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-15

..., shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture or collect listed animal species, or to attempt to engage in such... within 10,306 acres of serpentine grasslands associated with the operations and maintenance of the Los... under the plan: Implementation and construction of the LECEF Phase 2, operations and maintenance of the...

Up on the Roof: A Systematic Approach to Roof Maintenance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burd, William

1979-01-01

A systematic roof maintenance program is characterized by carefully prepared long- and short-range plans. An essential feature of a systematic approach to roof maintenance is the stress on preventive measures rather than the patching of leaks. (Author)

Monitoring Strategies in Permeable Pavement Systems to Optimize Maintenance Scheduling

EPA Science Inventory

As the surface in a permeable pavement system clogs and performance decreases, maintenance is required to preserve the design function. Currently, guidance is limited for scheduling maintenance on an as needed basis. Previous research has shown that surface clogging in a permea...

Monitoring Strategies in Permeable Pavement Systems to Optimize Maintenance Scheduling - abstract

EPA Science Inventory

As the surface in a permeable pavement system clogs and performance decreases, maintenance is required to preserve the design function. Currently, guidance is limited for scheduling maintenance on an as needed basis. Previous research has shown that surface clogging in a permea...

The Barrow Island oilfield development plan, Western Australia

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bartlett, R.M.

1996-12-31

Barrow Island lies 55 kms off the coast of Western Australia, 90 kms north-northeast of Onslow and 1300 kms north of Perth. Oil production began on Barrow Island in 1967 with the 250 millionth barrel being produced in 1992. By 1991, the island had reached the point where: The field, as currently defined, would reach its economic limit early in the next century if operating expenses remained constant and Operating expense was most likely to rise, as aging facilities and infrastructure required increasing maintenance and/or environmental enhancements. In 1991, studies were triggered to develop an integrated plan for Barrow Islandmore » to maximize Net Present Value, targeting both increasing reserves and decreasing operating costs. The studies focused on developing answers to the following four questions: Where is the remaining oil? How can oil recovery be improved? How can current operations be improved? What is the optimal plan for the field? The outcome of the 3 year study has provided answers to these four questions, combining to maximize NPV and possibly result in another 15-25 years of field life.« less

The Barrow Island oilfield development plan, Western Australia

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bartlett, R.M.

1996-01-01

Barrow Island lies 55 kms off the coast of Western Australia, 90 kms north-northeast of Onslow and 1300 kms north of Perth. Oil production began on Barrow Island in 1967 with the 250 millionth barrel being produced in 1992. By 1991, the island had reached the point where: The field, as currently defined, would reach its economic limit early in the next century if operating expenses remained constant and Operating expense was most likely to rise, as aging facilities and infrastructure required increasing maintenance and/or environmental enhancements. In 1991, studies were triggered to develop an integrated plan for Barrow Islandmore » to maximize Net Present Value, targeting both increasing reserves and decreasing operating costs. The studies focused on developing answers to the following four questions: Where is the remaining oil How can oil recovery be improved How can current operations be improved What is the optimal plan for the field The outcome of the 3 year study has provided answers to these four questions, combining to maximize NPV and possibly result in another 15-25 years of field life.« less

Maintenance of Mechanical Services. Maintenance and Renewal in Educational Buildings. Building Bulletin 70.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haworth-Roberts, A., Ed.

School building maintenance must find an appropriate balance between planned and reactive work in order to conserve costs. This document provides ways in which authorities can assess their maintenance requirements and make better use of the resources available. It considers how to deal with problems which have their roots in historical design…

Inspecting the School Plant. The Operation and Maintenance of Our Schools. Monograph 2. Bulletin No. 6105.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biwer-Al-Yacoubi, Connie

Two intruments for evaluating the school plant are presented in this monograph. The first enables districts to appraise the effectiveness of school maintenance programs and plan for future maintenance needs. The eight aspects of maintenance covered relate to the exterior of the building, the interior, special classrooms, the electrical system, the…

Deferred Maintenance Program Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California State Dept. of General Services, Sacramento. Office of Public School Construction.

This handbook provides process information on California's Deferred Maintenance Program, including a description of the administering body of law. Chapters discuss the program's process on the topics of basic/additional apportionment, fund release (basic/additional and critical hardship), the Deferred Maintenance Five-Year Plan, district deposit,…

Multidisciplinary therapy for the treatment of malocclusion in a patient with chronic periodontitis with a five-year follow-up: A case report.

PubMed

Zhang, Dongmei; Lin, Li; Tang, Xiaoling; Li, Chen; Liu, Jingbo; Wang, Hongyang; Pan, Yaping

2017-10-01

Multidisciplinary therapy is essential in dental practice to achieve optimized outcomes. The present case report describes the application of periodontal surgery with a five-year follow-up in a patient with malocclusion and chronic periodontitis. In the presence of periodontal inflammation, orthodontic therapy may result in further periodontal breakdown due to plaque accumulation. In order to prevent this progression, scaling and root planning with a periodontal endoscope was applied, and continuous clinical monitoring and risk assessment was performed every 3 months using a Florida Probe. This combined treatment supports the long-term maintenance of periodontal conditions, functional occlusion and harmony of the facial profile.

7 CFR 1470.24 - Payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... participant associated with planning, design, materials, installation, labor, management, maintenance, or..., construction, or maintenance of animal waste storage or treatment facilities or associated waste transport or...

Reliability centered maintenance : a case study of railway transit maintenance to achieve optimal performance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-12-01

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to identify the types of obstacles and patterns experienced by a single heavy rail transit agency located in North America that embedded a Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) Process. The outcome of t...

Maintenance action readiness assessment plan for White Oak Creek and Melton Branch Weir Stilling Pool cleanout at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1995-08-01

This Readiness Assessment Plan has been prepared to document operational readiness for the following maintenance action: (1) removal of sediment from the White Oak Creek and Melton Branch Weir Stilling Pools and (2) disposal of the radiologically contaminated sediment in another location upstream of the weirs in an area previously contaminated by stream overflow from Melton Branch in Waste Area Grouping 2 (WAG) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This project is being performed as a maintenance action rather than an action under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act because the risk to human health and environment is wellmore » below the US Environmental Protection Agency`s level of concern. The decision to proceed as a maintenance action was documented by an interim action proposed plan, which is included in the administrative record. The administrative record is available for review at the US Department of Energy Information Resource Center, 105 Broadway Avenue, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.« less

Final rules relating to use of electronic communication and recordkeeping technologies by employee pension and welfare benefit plans. Notice of final rulemaking.

PubMed

2002-04-09

This document contains final rules under Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA), concerning the disclosure of certain employee benefit plan information through electronic media, and the maintenance and retention of employee benefit plan records in electronic form. The rules establish a safe harbor pursuant to which all pension and welfare benefit plans covered by Title I of ERISA may use electronic media to satisfy disclosure obligations under Title I of ERISA. The rules also provide standards concerning the use of electronic media in the maintenance and retention of records required by sections 107 and 209 of ERISA. The rules affect employee pension and welfare benefit plans, including group health plans, plan sponsors, administrators and fiduciaries, and plan participants and beneficiaries.

Crew interface specifications development for inflight maintenance and stowage functions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carl, J. G.

1974-01-01

Findings and data products developed during crew specification study for inflight maintenance and stowage functions are reported. From this information base, a family of data concepts to support crew inflight troubleshooting and corrective maintenance activities was developed and specified. Recommendations are made for the improvement of inflight maintenance planning, preparations and operations in future space flight programs through the establishment of an inflight maintenance organization and specific suggestions for techniques to improve the management of the inflight maintenance function.

Starting a Planned Maintenance Program on a Shoestring

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, Matt

2013-01-01

This article addresses two of the most repeated questions in APPA (1) How can we convert our reactive maintenance operations to a planned and predictable operation? and (2) In addition, how can we do this with little or no additional resources? It seems reasonable to assume that if a department is short on resources and in a full-blown reactive…

How the Station will operate. [operation, management, and maintenance in space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cox, John T.

1988-01-01

Aspects of the upcoming operational phase of the Space Station (SS) are examined. What the crew members will do with their time in their specialized roles is addressed. SS maintenance and servicing and the interaction of the SS Control Center with Johnson Space Center is discussed. The planning of payload operations and strategic planning for the SS are examined.

76 FR 56975 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Revised Motor...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-15

... Wheeling 8-hour ozone maintenance areas. This revision amends the maintenance plans' 2009 and 2018 motor... Revision and EPA's Review III. Final Action IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews I. Background On July... Review On March 14, 2011, the State of West Virginia submitted to EPA a formal revision to its SIP. The...

76 FR 25307 - Incidental Take Permit and Habitat Conservation Plan for PacifiCorp Klamath Hydroelectric Project...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-04

... incidental take of one ESA-listed species as a result of operation and maintenance of the Klamath..., pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt to engage in any such conduct... maintenance of the Klamath Hydroelectric Project (Project) and implementation of the Plan for a 10-year period...

MTRETR MAINTENANCE SHOP, TRA653. FLOOR PLAN FOR MEZZANINE: LUNCH AND ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

MTR-ETR MAINTENANCE SHOP, TRA-653. FLOOR PLAN FOR MEZZANINE: LUNCH AND CONFERENCE ROOM, STORAGE AREA, OFFICES FOR FOREMEN, STENOS, ENGINEERS, DISPATCHER, WOMEN'S RESTROOM. HUMMEL HUMMEL & JONES 810-MTR-ETR-653-A-12, 2/1958. INL INDEX NO. 532-0653-00-381-102837, REV. 3. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Reactor Area, Materials & Engineering Test Reactors, Scoville, Butte County, ID

Optimal Preventive Maintenance Schedule based on Lifecycle Cost and Time-Dependent Reliability

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-11-10

Page 1 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED: Distribution Statement A. Approved for public release. 12IDM-0064 Optimal Preventive Maintenance Schedule based... 1 . INTRODUCTION Customers and product manufacturers demand continued functionality of complex equipment and processes. Degradation of material...Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response

48 CFR 208.7400 - Scope of subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... OF DEFENSE ACQUISITION PLANNING REQUIRED SOURCES OF SUPPLIES AND SERVICES Enterprise Software... commercial software and software maintenance, including software and software maintenance that is acquired...

48 CFR 208.7400 - Scope of subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... OF DEFENSE ACQUISITION PLANNING REQUIRED SOURCES OF SUPPLIES AND SERVICES Enterprise Software... commercial software and software maintenance, including software and software maintenance that is acquired...

48 CFR 208.7400 - Scope of subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... OF DEFENSE ACQUISITION PLANNING REQUIRED SOURCES OF SUPPLIES AND SERVICES Enterprise Software... commercial software and software maintenance, including software and software maintenance that is acquired...

48 CFR 208.7400 - Scope of subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... OF DEFENSE ACQUISITION PLANNING REQUIRED SOURCES OF SUPPLIES AND SERVICES Enterprise Software... commercial software and software maintenance, including software and software maintenance that is acquired...

40 CFR 52.2424 - Motor vehicle emissions budgets.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... emissions budgets. (a) Motor vehicle emissions budget for the Hampton Roads maintenance area adjusting the mobile emissions budget contained in the maintenance plan for the horizon years 2015 and beyond adopted..., 1996. (b) Motor vehicle emissions budget for the Richmond maintenance area adjusting the mobile...

Airborne Oceanographic Lidar (AOL) (Global Carbon Cycle)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2003-01-01

This bimonthly contractor progress report covers the operation, maintenance and data management of the Airborne Oceanographic Lidar and the Airborne Topographic Mapper. Monthly activities included: mission planning, sensor operation and calibration, data processing, data analysis, network development and maintenance and instrument maintenance engineering and fabrication.

49 CFR 193.2713 - Training: operations and maintenance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... maintenance activities; and (iii) To carry out aspects of the operating and maintenance procedures under... instructions on the facility operations, including controls, functions, and operating procedures; and (ii) To understand the LNG transfer procedures provided under § 193.2513. (b) A written plan of continuing...

49 CFR 193.2713 - Training: operations and maintenance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... maintenance activities; and (iii) To carry out aspects of the operating and maintenance procedures under... instructions on the facility operations, including controls, functions, and operating procedures; and (ii) To understand the LNG transfer procedures provided under § 193.2513. (b) A written plan of continuing...

49 CFR 193.2713 - Training: operations and maintenance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... maintenance activities; and (iii) To carry out aspects of the operating and maintenance procedures under... instructions on the facility operations, including controls, functions, and operating procedures; and (ii) To understand the LNG transfer procedures provided under § 193.2513. (b) A written plan of continuing...

49 CFR 193.2713 - Training: operations and maintenance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... maintenance activities; and (iii) To carry out aspects of the operating and maintenance procedures under... instructions on the facility operations, including controls, functions, and operating procedures; and (ii) To understand the LNG transfer procedures provided under § 193.2513. (b) A written plan of continuing...

49 CFR 193.2713 - Training: operations and maintenance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... maintenance activities; and (iii) To carry out aspects of the operating and maintenance procedures under... instructions on the facility operations, including controls, functions, and operating procedures; and (ii) To understand the LNG transfer procedures provided under § 193.2513. (b) A written plan of continuing...

Digging up the Dirt.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knuffman, Susan M.

1997-01-01

Explores ways of maintaining school floors and carpeting that ensure students and staff are comfortable, safe, and healthy. Carpet maintenance for high- to low-traffic areas and cleaning procedures are examined, as are ways maintenance staff can work together to help ensure a successful flooring-maintenance plan. (GR)

Inverse-optimized 3D conformal planning: Minimizing complexity while achieving equivalence with beamlet IMRT in multiple clinical sites

PubMed Central

Fraass, Benedick A.; Steers, Jennifer M.; Matuszak, Martha M.; McShan, Daniel L.

2012-01-01

Purpose: Inverse planned intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has helped many centers implement highly conformal treatment planning with beamlet-based techniques. The many comparisons between IMRT and 3D conformal (3DCRT) plans, however, have been limited because most 3DCRT plans are forward-planned while IMRT plans utilize inverse planning, meaning both optimization and delivery techniques are different. This work avoids that problem by comparing 3D plans generated with a unique inverse planning method for 3DCRT called inverse-optimized 3D (IO-3D) conformal planning. Since IO-3D and the beamlet IMRT to which it is compared use the same optimization techniques, cost functions, and plan evaluation tools, direct comparisons between IMRT and simple, optimized IO-3D plans are possible. Though IO-3D has some similarity to direct aperture optimization (DAO), since it directly optimizes the apertures used, IO-3D is specifically designed for 3DCRT fields (i.e., 1–2 apertures per beam) rather than starting with IMRT-like modulation and then optimizing aperture shapes. The two algorithms are very different in design, implementation, and use. The goals of this work include using IO-3D to evaluate how close simple but optimized IO-3D plans come to nonconstrained beamlet IMRT, showing that optimization, rather than modulation, may be the most important aspect of IMRT (for some sites). Methods: The IO-3D dose calculation and optimization functionality is integrated in the in-house 3D planning/optimization system. New features include random point dose calculation distributions, costlet and cost function capabilities, fast dose volume histogram (DVH) and plan evaluation tools, optimization search strategies designed for IO-3D, and an improved, reimplemented edge/octree calculation algorithm. The IO-3D optimization, in distinction to DAO, is designed to optimize 3D conformal plans (one to two segments per beam) and optimizes MLC segment shapes and weights with various user-controllable search strategies which optimize plans without beamlet or pencil beam approximations. IO-3D allows comparisons of beamlet, multisegment, and conformal plans optimized using the same cost functions, dose points, and plan evaluation metrics, so quantitative comparisons are straightforward. Here, comparisons of IO-3D and beamlet IMRT techniques are presented for breast, brain, liver, and lung plans. Results: IO-3D achieves high quality results comparable to beamlet IMRT, for many situations. Though the IO-3D plans have many fewer degrees of freedom for the optimization, this work finds that IO-3D plans with only one to two segments per beam are dosimetrically equivalent (or nearly so) to the beamlet IMRT plans, for several sites. IO-3D also reduces plan complexity significantly. Here, monitor units per fraction (MU/Fx) for IO-3D plans were 22%–68% less than that for the 1 cm × 1 cm beamlet IMRT plans and 72%–84% than the 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm beamlet IMRT plans. Conclusions: The unique IO-3D algorithm illustrates that inverse planning can achieve high quality 3D conformal plans equivalent (or nearly so) to unconstrained beamlet IMRT plans, for many sites. IO-3D thus provides the potential to optimize flat or few-segment 3DCRT plans, creating less complex optimized plans which are efficient and simple to deliver. The less complex IO-3D plans have operational advantages for scenarios including adaptive replanning, cases with interfraction and intrafraction motion, and pediatric patients. PMID:22755717

Orbit transfer rocket engine technology program. Phase 2: Advanced engine study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Erickson, C.; Martinez, A.; Hines, B.

1987-01-01

In Phase 2 of the Advanced Engine Study, the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) maintenance-driven engine design, preliminary maintenance plan, and concept for space operable disconnects generated in Phase 1 were further developed. Based on the results of the vehicle contractors Orbit Transfer Vehicle (OTV) Concept Definition and System Analysis Phase A studies, minor revisions to the engine design were made. Additional refinements in the engine design were identified through further engine concept studies. These included an updated engine balance incorporating experimental heat transfer data from the Enhanced Heat Load Thrust Chamber Study and a Rao optimum nozzle contour. The preliminary maintenance plan of Phase 1 was further developed through additional studies. These included a compilation of critical component lives and life limiters and a review of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) operations and maintenance manual in order to begin outlining the overall maintenance procedures for the Orbit Transfer Vehicle Engine and identifying technology requirements for streamlining space-based operations. Phase 2 efforts also provided further definition to the advanced fluid coupling devices including the selection and preliminary design of a preferred concept and a preliminary test plan for its further development.

78 FR 7672 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Beaumont/Port Arthur Ozone Maintenance...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-04

.... SUMMARY: EPA is approving a revision to the Beaumont/Port Arthur (BPA) 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air... emissions model. The BPA 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance area consists of Hardin, Jefferson, and Orange... proposed to approve a revision to the BPA 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality SIP by replacing the...

[STRATEGY OF USE AND MAINTENANCE OF CLINICAL HOSPITAL CENTER RIJEKA IN ACCORDANCE WITH KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR STRATEGIC HEALTHCARE FACILITIES MAINTENANCE].

PubMed

Sjekavica, Mariela; Haller, Herman; Cerić, Anita

2015-01-01

Building usage is the phase in the building life cycle that is most time-consuming, most functional, most significant due to building purpose and often systematically ignored. Maintenance is the set of activities that ensure the planned duration of facility exploitation phase in accordance with the requirements for quality maintenance of a large number of important building features as well as other elements immanent to the nature of facilities' life. The aim of the study is to show the analysis of the current state of organized, planned and comprehensive managerial approach in hospital utilization and maintenance in the Republic of Croatia, given on the case study of Clinical hospital center in Rijeka. The methodology used consists of relevant literature section of theory of facility utilization, maintenance and management in general, hospital buildings especially, display of practice on case study, and comparison of key performance indicators values obtained through interview with those that author Igal M. Shohet defined in his study by field surveys and statistical analyses. Despite many positive indicators of Clinical hospital center Rijeka maintenance, an additional research is needed in order to define a more complete national hospital maintenance strategy.

EMMA: The expert system for munition maintenance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mullins, Barry E.

1988-01-01

Expert Missile Maintenance Aid (EMMA) is a first attempt to enhance maintenance of the tactical munition at the field and depot level by using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. The ultimate goal of EMMA is to help a novice maintenance technician isolate and diagnose electronic, electromechanical, and mechanical equipment faults to the board/chassis level more quickly and consistently than the best human expert using the best currently available automatic test equipment (ATE). To this end, EMMA augments existing ATE with an expert system that captures the knowledge of design and maintenance experts. The EMMA program is described, including the evaluation of field-level expert system prototypes, the description of several study tasks performed during EMMA, and future plans for a follow-on program. This paper will briefly address several study tasks performed during EMMA. The paper concludes with a discussion of future plans for a follow-on program and other areas of concern.

Research on the Decision Method of Maintenance Materials Direct Supply

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Qian; Shi, Xiaopei; Liu, Shenyang; Luo, Guangxu; Zhu, Chen

2018-05-01

With the further development of civil military integration, more and more maintenance materials will be supplied by the factory directly. Aiming at the mode condition of maintenance materials factory direct supply, maintenance materials needs equipment support in the process of facing a number of direct supply manufacturers how to decision problems, using AHP, considering many factors optimization of direct supply manufacturers involved, and gives the weights of the evaluation indexes of the direct supply manufacturers to evaluate optimal. Finally, with 4 straights for the manufacturer as an example, considering the various evaluation indexes to carry out evaluation and drawing the correct evaluation of direct supply manufacturers, the best manufacturers direct supply is selected. An example shows that, AHP can provide scientific and theoretical basis to materials factory direct supply security.

Performance-based maintenance of gas turbines for reliable control of degraded power systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mo, Huadong; Sansavini, Giovanni; Xie, Min

2018-03-01

Maintenance actions are necessary for ensuring proper operations of control systems under component degradation. However, current condition-based maintenance (CBM) models based on component health indices are not suitable for degraded control systems. Indeed, failures of control systems are only determined by the controller outputs, and the feedback mechanism compensates the control performance loss caused by the component deterioration. Thus, control systems may still operate normally even if the component health indices exceed failure thresholds. This work investigates the CBM model of control systems and employs the reduced control performance as a direct degradation measure for deciding maintenance activities. The reduced control performance depends on the underlying component degradation modelled as a Wiener process and the feedback mechanism. To this aim, the controller features are quantified by developing a dynamic and stochastic control block diagram-based simulation model, consisting of the degraded components and the control mechanism. At each inspection, the system receives a maintenance action if the control performance deterioration exceeds its preventive-maintenance or failure thresholds. Inspired by realistic cases, the component degradation model considers random start time and unit-to-unit variability. The cost analysis of maintenance model is conducted via Monte Carlo simulation. Optimal maintenance strategies are investigated to minimize the expected maintenance costs, which is a direct consequence of the control performance. The proposed framework is able to design preventive maintenance actions on a gas power plant, to ensuring required load frequency control performance against a sudden load increase. The optimization results identify the trade-off between system downtime and maintenance costs as a function of preventive maintenance thresholds and inspection frequency. Finally, the control performance-based maintenance model can reduce maintenance costs as compared to CBM and pre-scheduled maintenance.

77 FR 21429 - Airworthiness Directives; The Boeing Company Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-10

... the maintenance planning document. This AD requires revising the maintenance program to update... Engineer, Airframe Branch, ANM-120S, FAA, Seattle Aircraft Certification Office, 1601 Lind Avenue SW... Register on January 19, 2011 (76 FR 3054). That NPRM proposed to require revising the maintenance program...

40 CFR 52.241 - Inspection and maintenance program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS California § 52.241 Inspection and maintenance program. (a) [Reserved] (b) Approval. On June 5, 2009, the California Air Resources Board submitted a revision to the California Motor Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program (2009 I/M Revision) to satisfy...

40 CFR 52.241 - Inspection and maintenance program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS California § 52.241 Inspection and maintenance program. (a) [Reserved] (b) Approval. On June 5, 2009, the California Air Resources Board submitted a revision to the California Motor Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program (2009 I/M Revision) to satisfy...

40 CFR 52.241 - Inspection and maintenance program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS California § 52.241 Inspection and maintenance program. (a) [Reserved] (b) Approval. On June 5, 2009, the California Air Resources Board submitted a revision to the California Motor Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program (2009 I/M Revision) to satisfy...

40 CFR 52.241 - Inspection and maintenance program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS California § 52.241 Inspection and maintenance program. (a) [Reserved] (b) Approval. On June 5, 2009, the California Air Resources Board submitted a revision to the California Motor Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program (2009 I/M Revision) to satisfy...

40 CFR 81.300 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... boundary limits as of October 31, 1990. (2) Similarly, for planning areas, air quality maintenance areas..., air quality maintenance area, air basin, or urban growth boundary as of November 15, 1990, except for..., air quality maintenance area, air basin, or urban growth boundary as of October 31, 1990. The...

40 CFR 81.300 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... boundary limits as of October 31, 1990. (2) Similarly, for planning areas, air quality maintenance areas..., air quality maintenance area, air basin, or urban growth boundary as of November 15, 1990, except for..., air quality maintenance area, air basin, or urban growth boundary as of October 31, 1990. The...

Maintenance service contract model for heavy equipment in mining industry using principal agent theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pakpahan, Eka K. A.; Iskandar, Bermawi P.

2015-12-01

Mining industry is characterized by a high operational revenue, and hence high availability of heavy equipment used in mining industry is a critical factor to ensure the revenue target. To maintain high avaliability of the heavy equipment, the equipment's owner hires an agent to perform maintenance action. Contract is then used to control the relationship between the two parties involved. The traditional contracts such as fixed price, cost plus or penalty based contract studied is unable to push agent's performance to exceed target, and this in turn would lead to a sub-optimal result (revenue). This research deals with designing maintenance contract compensation schemes. The scheme should induce agent to select the highest possible maintenance effort level, thereby pushing agent's performance and achieve maximum utility for both parties involved. Principal agent theory is used as a modeling approach due to its ability to simultaneously modeled owner and agent decision making process. Compensation schemes considered in this research includes fixed price, cost sharing and revenue sharing. The optimal decision is obtained using a numerical method. The results show that if both parties are risk neutral, then there are infinite combination of fixed price, cost sharing and revenue sharing produced the same optimal solution. The combination of fixed price and cost sharing contract results in the optimal solution when the agent is risk averse, while the optimal combination of fixed price and revenue sharing contract is obtained when agent is risk averse. When both parties are risk averse, the optimal compensation scheme is a combination of fixed price, cost sharing and revenue sharing.

Vector-model-supported approach in prostate plan optimization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Eva Sau Fan; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Wu, Vincent Wing Cheung

Lengthy time consumed in traditional manual plan optimization can limit the use of step-and-shoot intensity-modulated radiotherapy/volumetric-modulated radiotherapy (S&S IMRT/VMAT). A vector model base, retrieving similar radiotherapy cases, was developed with respect to the structural and physiologic features extracted from the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files. Planning parameters were retrieved from the selected similar reference case and applied to the test case to bypass the gradual adjustment of planning parameters. Therefore, the planning time spent on the traditional trial-and-error manual optimization approach in the beginning of optimization could be reduced. Each S&S IMRT/VMAT prostate reference database comprised 100more » previously treated cases. Prostate cases were replanned with both traditional optimization and vector-model-supported optimization based on the oncologists' clinical dose prescriptions. A total of 360 plans, which consisted of 30 cases of S&S IMRT, 30 cases of 1-arc VMAT, and 30 cases of 2-arc VMAT plans including first optimization and final optimization with/without vector-model-supported optimization, were compared using the 2-sided t-test and paired Wilcoxon signed rank test, with a significance level of 0.05 and a false discovery rate of less than 0.05. For S&S IMRT, 1-arc VMAT, and 2-arc VMAT prostate plans, there was a significant reduction in the planning time and iteration with vector-model-supported optimization by almost 50%. When the first optimization plans were compared, 2-arc VMAT prostate plans had better plan quality than 1-arc VMAT plans. The volume receiving 35 Gy in the femoral head for 2-arc VMAT plans was reduced with the vector-model-supported optimization compared with the traditional manual optimization approach. Otherwise, the quality of plans from both approaches was comparable. Vector-model-supported optimization was shown to offer much shortened planning time and iteration number without compromising the plan quality.« less

Scheduling Jobs and a Variable Maintenance on a Single Machine with Common Due-Date Assignment

PubMed Central

Wan, Long

2014-01-01

We investigate a common due-date assignment scheduling problem with a variable maintenance on a single machine. The goal is to minimize the total earliness, tardiness, and due-date cost. We derive some properties on an optimal solution for our problem. For a special case with identical jobs we propose an optimal polynomial time algorithm followed by a numerical example. PMID:25147861

25 CFR 170.402 - What is the tribal role in transportation planning?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... RESERVATION ROADS PROGRAM Planning, Design, and Construction of Indian Reservation Roads Program Facilities... transportation related meetings; (9) Performing transportation planning for operational and maintenance...

25 CFR 170.401 - What is BIA's role in transportation planning?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... RESERVATION ROADS PROGRAM Planning, Design, and Construction of Indian Reservation Roads Program Facilities... maintenance facilities; and (p) Researching rights-of-way documents for project planning. ...

Time and truth in plans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hazelton, Lyman R., Jr.

1990-01-01

Some of the logical components of a rule based planning and scheduling system are described. The researcher points out a deficiency in the conventional truth maintenance approach to this class of problems and suggests a new mechanism which overcomes the problem. This extension of the idea of justification truth maintenance may seem at first to be a small philosophical step. However, it embodies a process of basic human reasoning which is so common and automatic as to escape conscious detection without careful introspection. It is vital to any successful implementation of a rule based planning reasoner.

77 FR 61631 - Final Environmental Impact Statement for Stehekin River Corridor Implementation Plan, Lake Chelan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-10

... management of park facilities (e.g., roads, bridges, trails, maintenance yard) in response to increased... Meadows, while retaining private access to the area via a 0.75-mile-long reduced maintenance road... maintenance and residential facilities from floodplain areas, construction of recreational facilities and...

77 FR 45368 - Draft Environmental Assessment, Habitat Conservation Plan, and Application for an Incidental Take...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-31

... otherwise lawful activities associated with operation, maintenance, and decommissioning of a 28-turbine wind... occur due to operation, maintenance, and decommissioning of 28 wind turbines. The proposed conservation... 21 years during operations, maintenance, and decommissioning activities related to CPP's 28-turbine...

36 CFR 401.10 - Monument Trust Fund Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... perform any deferred maintenance necessary to bring the monument up to a mutually agreeable standard. At... responsibility for its maintenance. To be accepted in the Monument Trust Fund Program, an organization must develop an acceptable maintenance plan and transfer sufficient monies to the Commission to fully fund the...

36 CFR § 401.10 - Monument Trust Fund Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... perform any deferred maintenance necessary to bring the monument up to a mutually agreeable standard. At... responsibility for its maintenance. To be accepted in the Monument Trust Fund Program, an organization must develop an acceptable maintenance plan and transfer sufficient monies to the Commission to fully fund the...

36 CFR 401.10 - Monument Trust Fund Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... perform any deferred maintenance necessary to bring the monument up to a mutually agreeable standard. At... responsibility for its maintenance. To be accepted in the Monument Trust Fund Program, an organization must develop an acceptable maintenance plan and transfer sufficient monies to the Commission to fully fund the...

36 CFR 401.10 - Monument Trust Fund Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... perform any deferred maintenance necessary to bring the monument up to a mutually agreeable standard. At... responsibility for its maintenance. To be accepted in the Monument Trust Fund Program, an organization must develop an acceptable maintenance plan and transfer sufficient monies to the Commission to fully fund the...

40 CFR 1065.410 - Maintenance limits for stabilized test engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES Engine Selection, Preparation, and Maintenance § 1065... scheduled maintenance on emission data engines must be representative of what is planned to be available to... no longer use it as an emission-data engine. Also, if your test engine has a major mechanical failure...

40 CFR 1065.410 - Maintenance limits for stabilized test engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES Engine Selection, Preparation, and Maintenance § 1065... scheduled maintenance on emission data engines must be representative of what is planned to be available to... no longer use it as an emission-data engine. Also, if your test engine has a major mechanical failure...

Paranal maintenance and CMMS experience

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Montano, Nelson

2004-10-01

During the last four years of operations, low technical downtime has been one of the relevant records of the Paranal Observatory. From the beginning of the Very Large Telescope (VLT) project, European Southern Observatory (ESO) has considered the implementation of a proper maintenance strategy a fundamental point in order to ensure low technical down time and preserve the Observatory's assets. The implementation of the maintenance strategy was based on the following aspects: - Strong maintenance sense during the design stage. Line Replacement Unit (LRU) concept, standardization and modularity of the Observatory equipment - Creation of a dedicated team for Maintenance - The implementation of a Computerized Maintenance Management System After four operational years, the result of these aspects has exceeded the expectations; the Observatory has been operating with high availability under a sustainable strategy. The strengths of the maintenance strategy have been based on modern maintenance concepts applied by regular production companies, where any minute of down time involves high cost. The operation of the actual Paranal Maintenance System is based mainly on proactive activities, such as regular inspections, preventive maintenance (PM) and predictive maintenance (PdM) plans. Nevertheless, it has been necessary to implement a strong plan for corrective maintenance (CM). The Spare Parts Strategy has also been an important point linked to the Maintenance Strategy and CMMS implementation. At present, almost 4,000 items related to the Observatory spare parts are loaded into the CMMS database. Currently, we are studying the implementation of a Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) project in one of our critical systems The following document presents the actual status of the Paranal Maintenance Strategy and which have been the motivations to implement the established strategy.

Optimal maintenance policy incorporating system level and unit level for mechanical systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duan, Chaoqun; Deng, Chao; Wang, Bingran

2018-04-01

The study works on a multi-level maintenance policy combining system level and unit level under soft and hard failure modes. The system experiences system-level preventive maintenance (SLPM) when the conditional reliability of entire system exceeds SLPM threshold, and also undergoes a two-level maintenance for each single unit, which is initiated when a single unit exceeds its preventive maintenance (PM) threshold, and the other is performed simultaneously the moment when any unit is going for maintenance. The units experience both periodic inspections and aperiodic inspections provided by failures of hard-type units. To model the practical situations, two types of economic dependence have been taken into account, which are set-up cost dependence and maintenance expertise dependence due to the same technology and tool/equipment can be utilised. The optimisation problem is formulated and solved in a semi-Markov decision process framework. The objective is to find the optimal system-level threshold and unit-level thresholds by minimising the long-run expected average cost per unit time. A formula for the mean residual life is derived for the proposed multi-level maintenance policy. The method is illustrated by a real case study of feed subsystem from a boring machine, and a comparison with other policies demonstrates the effectiveness of our approach.

40 CFR 52.672 - Approval of plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Idaho § 52.672 Approval of plans. (a) Carbon Monoxide. (1) EPA approves as a revision to the Idaho State Implementation Plan, the Limited Maintenance Plan for.... [Reserved] (e) Particulate Matter. (1) EPA approves as a revision to the Idaho State Implementation Plan...

Feasibility study of using statistical process control to customized quality assurance in proton therapy.

PubMed

Rah, Jeong-Eun; Shin, Dongho; Oh, Do Hoon; Kim, Tae Hyun; Kim, Gwe-Ya

2014-09-01

To evaluate and improve the reliability of proton quality assurance (QA) processes and, to provide an optimal customized tolerance level using the statistical process control (SPC) methodology. The authors investigated the consistency check of dose per monitor unit (D/MU) and range in proton beams to see whether it was within the tolerance level of the daily QA process. This study analyzed the difference between the measured and calculated ranges along the central axis to improve the patient-specific QA process in proton beams by using process capability indices. The authors established a customized tolerance level of ±2% for D/MU and ±0.5 mm for beam range in the daily proton QA process. In the authors' analysis of the process capability indices, the patient-specific range measurements were capable of a specification limit of ±2% in clinical plans. SPC methodology is a useful tool for customizing the optimal QA tolerance levels and improving the quality of proton machine maintenance, treatment delivery, and ultimately patient safety.

Reliability-based optimization of maintenance scheduling of mechanical components under fatigue

PubMed Central

Beaurepaire, P.; Valdebenito, M.A.; Schuëller, G.I.; Jensen, H.A.

2012-01-01

This study presents the optimization of the maintenance scheduling of mechanical components under fatigue loading. The cracks of damaged structures may be detected during non-destructive inspection and subsequently repaired. Fatigue crack initiation and growth show inherent variability, and as well the outcome of inspection activities. The problem is addressed under the framework of reliability based optimization. The initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks are efficiently modeled using cohesive zone elements. The applicability of the method is demonstrated by a numerical example, which involves a plate with two holes subject to alternating stress. PMID:23564979

Integrated Facilities and Infrastructure Plan.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Reisz Westlund, Jennifer Jill

Our facilities and infrastructure are a key element of our capability-based science and engineering foundation. The focus of the Integrated Facilities and Infrastructure Plan is the development and implementation of a comprehensive plan to sustain the capabilities necessary to meet national research, design, and fabrication needs for Sandia National Laboratories’ (Sandia’s) comprehensive national security missions both now and into the future. A number of Sandia’s facilities have reached the end of their useful lives and many others are not suitable for today’s mission needs. Due to the continued aging and surge in utilization of Sandia’s facilities, deferred maintenance has continuedmore » to increase. As part of our planning focus, Sandia is committed to halting the growth of deferred maintenance across its sites through demolition, replacement, and dedicated funding to reduce the backlog of maintenance needs. Sandia will become more agile in adapting existing space and changing how space is utilized in response to the changing requirements. This Integrated Facilities & Infrastructure (F&I) Plan supports the Sandia Strategic Plan’s strategic objectives, specifically Strategic Objective 2: Strengthen our Laboratories’ foundation to maximize mission impact, and Strategic Objective 3: Advance an exceptional work environment that enables and inspires our people in service to our nation. The Integrated F&I Plan is developed through a planning process model to understand the F&I needs, analyze solution options, plan the actions and funding, and then execute projects.« less

An Iterative Approach for the Optimization of Pavement Maintenance Management at the Network Level

PubMed Central

Torres-Machí, Cristina; Chamorro, Alondra; Videla, Carlos; Yepes, Víctor

2014-01-01

Pavement maintenance is one of the major issues of public agencies. Insufficient investment or inefficient maintenance strategies lead to high economic expenses in the long term. Under budgetary restrictions, the optimal allocation of resources becomes a crucial aspect. Two traditional approaches (sequential and holistic) and four classes of optimization methods (selection based on ranking, mathematical optimization, near optimization, and other methods) have been applied to solve this problem. They vary in the number of alternatives considered and how the selection process is performed. Therefore, a previous understanding of the problem is mandatory to identify the most suitable approach and method for a particular network. This study aims to assist highway agencies, researchers, and practitioners on when and how to apply available methods based on a comparative analysis of the current state of the practice. Holistic approach tackles the problem considering the overall network condition, while the sequential approach is easier to implement and understand, but may lead to solutions far from optimal. Scenarios defining the suitability of these approaches are defined. Finally, an iterative approach gathering the advantages of traditional approaches is proposed and applied in a case study. The proposed approach considers the overall network condition in a simpler and more intuitive manner than the holistic approach. PMID:24741352

An iterative approach for the optimization of pavement maintenance management at the network level.

PubMed

Torres-Machí, Cristina; Chamorro, Alondra; Videla, Carlos; Pellicer, Eugenio; Yepes, Víctor

2014-01-01

Pavement maintenance is one of the major issues of public agencies. Insufficient investment or inefficient maintenance strategies lead to high economic expenses in the long term. Under budgetary restrictions, the optimal allocation of resources becomes a crucial aspect. Two traditional approaches (sequential and holistic) and four classes of optimization methods (selection based on ranking, mathematical optimization, near optimization, and other methods) have been applied to solve this problem. They vary in the number of alternatives considered and how the selection process is performed. Therefore, a previous understanding of the problem is mandatory to identify the most suitable approach and method for a particular network. This study aims to assist highway agencies, researchers, and practitioners on when and how to apply available methods based on a comparative analysis of the current state of the practice. Holistic approach tackles the problem considering the overall network condition, while the sequential approach is easier to implement and understand, but may lead to solutions far from optimal. Scenarios defining the suitability of these approaches are defined. Finally, an iterative approach gathering the advantages of traditional approaches is proposed and applied in a case study. The proposed approach considers the overall network condition in a simpler and more intuitive manner than the holistic approach.

A System for Planning Ahead

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

A software system that uses artificial intelligence techniques to help with complex Space Shuttle scheduling at Kennedy Space Center is commercially available. Stottler Henke Associates, Inc.(SHAI), is marketing its automatic scheduling system, the Automated Manifest Planner (AMP), to industries that must plan and project changes many different times before the tasks are executed. The system creates optimal schedules while reducing manpower costs. Using information entered into the system by expert planners, the system automatically makes scheduling decisions based upon resource limitations and other constraints. It provides a constraint authoring system for adding other constraints to the scheduling process as needed. AMP is adaptable to assist with a variety of complex scheduling problems in manufacturing, transportation, business, architecture, and construction. AMP can benefit vehicle assembly plants, batch processing plants, semiconductor manufacturing, printing and textiles, surface and underground mining operations, and maintenance shops. For most of SHAI's commercial sales, the company obtains a service contract to customize AMP to a specific domain and then issues the customer a user license.

77 FR 76415 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Redesignation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-28

...EPA is approving a redesignation request and State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of West Virginia. The West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) requested that the West Virginia portion of the Huntington- Ashland, WV-KY-OH fine particulate matter (PM2.5) nonattainment area (``Huntington-Ashland Area'' or ``Area'') be redesignated as attainment for the 1997 annual PM2.5 national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS). In this rulemaking action, EPA is approving the 1997 annual PM2.5 redesignation request for the West Virginia portion of the Area. EPA is also approving the maintenance plan SIP revision that the State submitted in conjunction with its redesignation request. The maintenance plan provides for continued attainment of the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS for 10 years after redesignation of the West Virginia portion of the Area. The maintenance plan includes an insignificance determination for the onroad motor vehicle contribution of PM2.5, nitrogen oxides (NOX), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) for the West Virginia portion of the Area for purposes of transportation conformity. EPA is approving West Virginia's insignificance determination for transportation conformity. EPA is also finding that the Area continues to attain the standard. This rulemaking action approving the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS redesignation request, maintenance plan, and insignificance determination for transportation conformity for the West Virginia portion of the Area is based on EPA's determination that the Area has met the criteria for redesignation to attainment specified in the Clean Air Act (CAA).

[Subcutaneous bortezomib as a new promising way to successful maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma].

PubMed

Grosicki, Sebastian

2012-01-01

Multiple myeloma (MM) despite the introduction to clinical practice of a new drugs in the last years, and still searching of new points of the handle for targeting treatment, remaining incurable disease. Even most intensive and most modern induction-consolidation regimens is not in the state to eradicate of the clone of myeloma, and even complete remission in immunofixation the most often after some time ends progression. Optimal way of maintenance treatment is still searching, which would be maximally effective near acceptable toxicity. Now hypothesis about possible successful maintenance therapy, which may prolong survival of MM patients became more actual in the face of the introduction to the studies with maintenance of a new drugs as: thalidomide, lenalidomide and bortesomib. The expectations on the essential progress to establish the optimal bortesomib-based regimen of the maintenance treatment in MM cause the results of the studies with its subcutaneous administration, which proved comparable efficacy with advantage in toxicity profile, especially neurological in comparison to classic intravenous way.

N-of-1 study of weight loss maintenance assessing predictors of physical activity, adherence to weight loss plan and weight change.

PubMed

Kwasnicka, Dominika; Dombrowski, Stephan U; White, Martin; Sniehotta, Falko F

2017-06-01

Behaviour change interventions are effective in supporting individuals to achieve clinically significant weight loss, but weight loss maintenance (WLM) is less often attained. This study examined predictive variables associated with WLM. N-of-1 study with daily ecological momentary assessment combined with objective measurement of weight and physical activity, collected with wireless devices (Fitbit™) for six months. Eight previously obese adults who had lost over 5% of their body weight in the past year took part. Data were analysed using time series methods. Predictor variables were based on five theoretical themes: maintenance motives, self-regulation, personal resources, habits, and environmental influences. Dependent variables were: objectively estimated step count and weight, and self-reported WLM plan adherence. For all participants, daily fluctuations in self-reported adherence to their WLM plan were significantly associated with most of the explanatory variables, including maintenance motivation and satisfaction with outcomes, self-regulation, habit, and stable environment. Personal resources were not a consistent predictor of plan adherence. This is the first study to assess theoretical predictions of WLM within individuals. WLM is a dynamic process including the interplay of motivation, self-regulation, habit, resources, and perceptions of environmental context. Individuals maintaining their weight have unique psychological profiles which could be accounted for in interventions.

Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Plans

MedlinePlus

... Find & compare doctors, hospitals, & other providers Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Plans How PPO Plans Work A Medicare ... extra for these benefits. Related Resources Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS) Special Needs ...

Patient-specific dosimetric endpoints based treatment plan quality control in radiotherapy.

PubMed

Song, Ting; Staub, David; Chen, Mingli; Lu, Weiguo; Tian, Zhen; Jia, Xun; Li, Yongbao; Zhou, Linghong; Jiang, Steve B; Gu, Xuejun

2015-11-07

In intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), the optimal plan for each patient is specific due to unique patient anatomy. To achieve such a plan, patient-specific dosimetric goals reflecting each patient's unique anatomy should be defined and adopted in the treatment planning procedure for plan quality control. This study is to develop such a personalized treatment plan quality control tool by predicting patient-specific dosimetric endpoints (DEs). The incorporation of patient specific DEs is realized by a multi-OAR geometry-dosimetry model, capable of predicting optimal DEs based on the individual patient's geometry. The overall quality of a treatment plan is then judged with a numerical treatment plan quality indicator and characterized as optimal or suboptimal. Taking advantage of clinically available prostate volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment plans, we built and evaluated our proposed plan quality control tool. Using our developed tool, six of twenty evaluated plans were identified as sub-optimal plans. After plan re-optimization, these suboptimal plans achieved better OAR dose sparing without sacrificing the PTV coverage, and the dosimetric endpoints of the re-optimized plans agreed well with the model predicted values, which validate the predictability of the proposed tool. In conclusion, the developed tool is able to accurately predict optimally achievable DEs of multiple OARs, identify suboptimal plans, and guide plan optimization. It is a useful tool for achieving patient-specific treatment plan quality control.

77 FR 61017 - Draft Habitat Conservation Plan and Application for an Incidental Take Permit, Yamhill County, OR

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-05

..., although they are identified as being mostly positive. Road maintenance activities will occur along 1.02... Maintenance Zones when revegetating disturbed or bare areas. 4. Restricting normal gravel road maintenance... endangered Fender's blue butterfly incidental to otherwise lawful activities associated with county road...

46 CFR 199.190 - Operational readiness, maintenance, and inspection of lifesaving equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... each fuel tank must be emptied, cleaned, and refilled with fresh fuel. (2) Each davit, winch, fall, and... required under paragraph (e) of this section. (ii) Maintenance and repair instructions. (iii) A schedule of... planned maintenance program that includes the items listed in that paragraph. (c) Spare parts and repair...

46 CFR 199.190 - Operational readiness, maintenance, and inspection of lifesaving equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... each fuel tank must be emptied, cleaned, and refilled with fresh fuel. (2) Each davit, winch, fall, and... required under paragraph (e) of this section. (ii) Maintenance and repair instructions. (iii) A schedule of... planned maintenance program that includes the items listed in that paragraph. (c) Spare parts and repair...

46 CFR 199.190 - Operational readiness, maintenance, and inspection of lifesaving equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... each fuel tank must be emptied, cleaned, and refilled with fresh fuel. (2) Each davit, winch, fall, and... required under paragraph (e) of this section. (ii) Maintenance and repair instructions. (iii) A schedule of... planned maintenance program that includes the items listed in that paragraph. (c) Spare parts and repair...

46 CFR 199.190 - Operational readiness, maintenance, and inspection of lifesaving equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... each fuel tank must be emptied, cleaned, and refilled with fresh fuel. (2) Each davit, winch, fall, and... required under paragraph (e) of this section. (ii) Maintenance and repair instructions. (iii) A schedule of... planned maintenance program that includes the items listed in that paragraph. (c) Spare parts and repair...

40 CFR 52.1620 - Identification of plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... prohibit interference with maintenance and PSD measures in any other state. Interstate transport for the... interference with maintenance and PSD measures in any other state. Sunland Park 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance... other states' programs for PSD for the 1997 and 2008 Ozone and the 1997 and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS Bernalillo...

Energy Conservation for School Custodial and Maintenance Personnel. Course Outline and Instructional Materials.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Calvin E.

Presented are materials prepared for the inservice education of school maintenance personnel on the subject of energy conservation in school facilities operations. The course is designed to help maintenance staff understand their schools' energy usage and formulate plans to control that usage. Among the topics covered are building inventory,…

40 CFR 63.2251 - What are the requirements for the routine control device maintenance exemption?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the routine control device maintenance exemption? (a) You may request a routine control device..., explain why the maintenance cannot be accomplished during process shutdowns, describe how you plan to make... device is used to control a green rotary dryer, tube dryer, rotary strand dryer, or pressurized refiner...

45 CFR 233.53 - Support and maintenance assistance (including home energy assistance) in AFDC.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... excluded from income and resources. (b) Definitions. The following definitions are limited to the support... income and resources support and maintenance assistance, the State plan for AFDC must as specified below..., from income and resources, support and maintenance assistance (as defined in paragraph (b) of this...

Deferred Maintenance Strategies You Must Try.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sturgeon, Julie

2000-01-01

Discusses how some college administrators have found "over-the-counter" cures for deferred maintenance problems resulting from budgeting shortfalls. Catch-up approaches discussed include those involving planning, prioritizing, partnering, and gift giving. (GR)

40 CFR 63.1160 - Compliance dates and maintenance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... plugged spray nozzles or other liquid delivery devices; (B) Repair or replacement of missing, misaligned... be initiated are the applicable actions that are specified in the maintenance plan. Failure to...

40 CFR 63.1160 - Compliance dates and maintenance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... nozzles or other liquid delivery devices; (B) Repair or replacement of missing, misaligned, or damaged... applicable actions that are specified in the maintenance plan. Failure to initiate or provide appropriate...

40 CFR 63.1160 - Compliance dates and maintenance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... nozzles or other liquid delivery devices; (B) Repair or replacement of missing, misaligned, or damaged... applicable actions that are specified in the maintenance plan. Failure to initiate or provide appropriate...

40 CFR 63.1160 - Compliance dates and maintenance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... plugged spray nozzles or other liquid delivery devices; (B) Repair or replacement of missing, misaligned... be initiated are the applicable actions that are specified in the maintenance plan. Failure to...

40 CFR 63.1160 - Compliance dates and maintenance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... plugged spray nozzles or other liquid delivery devices; (B) Repair or replacement of missing, misaligned... be initiated are the applicable actions that are specified in the maintenance plan. Failure to...

Operation and Maintenance of Water Pollution Control Facilities: A WPCF White Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, William R.; And Others

1979-01-01

Presented are the recommendations of the Water Pollution Control Federation for operation and maintenance consideration during the planning design, construction, and operation of wastewater treatment facilities. (CS)

Professional Development Of Junior Full Time Support Aerospace Maintenance Duty Officers

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

management information system NAMP naval aviation maintenance program OCS officer candidate school OOMA optimized organizational maintenance activity...retrieval of information is effective and efficient. 13 Knowledge management solutions broadly fall into two categories, enterprise solutions...designed to manage large amounts of knowledge and information , access by many concurrent users at multiple organization units and locations, and

Automatic Road Sign Inventory Using Mobile Mapping Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soilán, M.; Riveiro, B.; Martínez-Sánchez, J.; Arias, P.

2016-06-01

The periodic inspection of certain infrastructure features plays a key role for road network safety and preservation, and for developing optimal maintenance planning that minimize the life-cycle cost of the inspected features. Mobile Mapping Systems (MMS) use laser scanner technology in order to collect dense and precise three-dimensional point clouds that gather both geometric and radiometric information of the road network. Furthermore, time-stamped RGB imagery that is synchronized with the MMS trajectory is also available. In this paper a methodology for the automatic detection and classification of road signs from point cloud and imagery data provided by a LYNX Mobile Mapper System is presented. First, road signs are detected in the point cloud. Subsequently, the inventory is enriched with geometrical and contextual data such as orientation or distance to the trajectory. Finally, semantic content is given to the detected road signs. As point cloud resolution is insufficient, RGB imagery is used projecting the 3D points in the corresponding images and analysing the RGB data within the bounding box defined by the projected points. The methodology was tested in urban and road environments in Spain, obtaining global recall results greater than 95%, and F-score greater than 90%. In this way, inventory data is obtained in a fast, reliable manner, and it can be applied to improve the maintenance planning of the road network, or to feed a Spatial Information System (SIS), thus, road sign information can be available to be used in a Smart City context.

Operations research investigations of satellite power stations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cole, J. W.; Ballard, J. L.

1976-01-01

A systems model reflecting the design concepts of Satellite Power Stations (SPS) was developed. The model is of sufficient scope to include the interrelationships of the following major design parameters: the transportation to and between orbits; assembly of the SPS; and maintenance of the SPS. The systems model is composed of a set of equations that are nonlinear with respect to the system parameters and decision variables. The model determines a figure of merit from which alternative concepts concerning transportation, assembly, and maintenance of satellite power stations are studied. A hybrid optimization model was developed to optimize the system's decision variables. The optimization model consists of a random search procedure and the optimal-steepest descent method. A FORTRAN computer program was developed to enable the user to optimize nonlinear functions using the model. Specifically, the computer program was used to optimize Satellite Power Station system components.

Meta-analysis of first-line therapies with maintenance regimens for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in molecularly and clinically selected populations.

PubMed

Tan, Pui San; Bilger, Marcel; de Lima Lopes, Gilberto; Acharyya, Sanchalika; Haaland, Benjamin

2017-08-01

Evidence has suggested survival benefits of maintenance for advanced NSCLC patients not progressing after first-line chemotherapy. Additionally, particular first-line targeted therapies have shown survival improvements in selected populations. Optimal first-line and maintenance therapies remain unclear. Here, currently available evidence was synthesized to elucidate optimal first-line and maintenance therapy within patient groups. Literature was searched for randomized trials evaluating first-line and maintenance regimens in advanced NSCLC patients. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed within molecularly and clinically selected groups. The primary outcome was combined clinically meaningful OS and PFS benefits. A total of 87 records on 56 trials evaluating first-line treatments with maintenance were included. Results showed combined clinically meaningful OS and PFS benefits with particular first-line with maintenance treatments, (1) first-line intercalated chemotherapy+erlotinib, maintenance erlotinib in patients with EGFR mutations, (2) first-line afatinib, maintenance afatinib in patients with EGFR deletion 19, (3) first-line chemotherapy + bevacizumab, maintenance bevacizumab in EGFR wild-type patients, (4) chemotherapy+conatumumab, maintenance conatumumab in patients with squamous histology, (5) chemotherapy+cetuximab, maintenance cetuximab or chemotherapy + necitumumab, maintenance necitumumab in EGFR FISH-positive patients with squamous histology, and (6) first-line chemotherapy+bevacizumab, maintenance bevacizumab or first-line sequential chemotherapy+gefitinib, maintenance gefitinib in patients clinically enriched for EGFR mutations with nonsquamous histology. No treatment showed combined clinically meaningful OS and PFS benefits in patients with EGFR L858R or nonsquamous histology. Particular first-line with maintenance treatments show meaningful OS and PFS benefits in patients selected by EGFR mutation or histology. Further research is needed to achieve effective therapy for patients with EGFR mutation L858R or nonsquamous histology. © 2017 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Incorporating deliverable monitor unit constraints into spot intensity optimization in intensity modulated proton therapy treatment planning

PubMed Central

Cao, Wenhua; Lim, Gino; Li, Xiaoqiang; Li, Yupeng; Zhu, X. Ronald; Zhang, Xiaodong

2014-01-01

The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility and impact of incorporating deliverable monitor unit (MU) constraints into spot intensity optimization in intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) treatment planning. The current treatment planning system (TPS) for IMPT disregards deliverable MU constraints in the spot intensity optimization (SIO) routine. It performs a post-processing procedure on an optimized plan to enforce deliverable MU values that are required by the spot scanning proton delivery system. This procedure can create a significant dose distribution deviation between the optimized and post-processed deliverable plans, especially when small spot spacings are used. In this study, we introduce a two-stage linear programming (LP) approach to optimize spot intensities and constrain deliverable MU values simultaneously, i.e., a deliverable spot intensity optimization (DSIO) model. Thus, the post-processing procedure is eliminated and the associated optimized plan deterioration can be avoided. Four prostate cancer cases at our institution were selected for study and two parallel opposed beam angles were planned for all cases. A quadratic programming (QP) based model without MU constraints, i.e., a conventional spot intensity optimization (CSIO) model, was also implemented to emulate the commercial TPS. Plans optimized by both the DSIO and CSIO models were evaluated for five different settings of spot spacing from 3 mm to 7 mm. For all spot spacings, the DSIO-optimized plans yielded better uniformity for the target dose coverage and critical structure sparing than did the CSIO-optimized plans. With reduced spot spacings, more significant improvements in target dose uniformity and critical structure sparing were observed in the DSIO- than in the CSIO-optimized plans. Additionally, better sparing of the rectum and bladder was achieved when reduced spacings were used for the DSIO-optimized plans. The proposed DSIO approach ensures the deliverability of optimized IMPT plans that take into account MU constraints. This eliminates the post-processing procedure required by the TPS as well as the resultant deteriorating effect on ultimate dose distributions. This approach therefore allows IMPT plans to adopt all possible spot spacings optimally. Moreover, dosimetric benefits can be achieved using smaller spot spacings. PMID:23835656

Facilities maintenance handbook

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

This handbook is a guide for facilities maintenance managers. Its objective is to set minimum facilities maintenance standards. It also provides recommendations on how to meet the standards to ensure that NASA maintains its facilities in a manner that protects and preserves its investment in the facilities in a cost-effective manner while safely and efficiently performing its mission. This handbook implements NMI 8831.1, which states NASA facilities maintenance policy and assigns organizational responsibilities for the management of facilities maintenance activities on all properties under NASA jurisdiction. It is a reference for facilities maintenance managers, not a step-by-step procedural manual. Because of the differences in NASA Field Installation organizations, this handbook does not assume or recommend a typical facilities maintenance organization. Instead, it uses a systems approach to describe the functions that should be included in any facilities maintenance management system, regardless of its organizational structure. For documents referenced in the handbook, the most recent version of the documents is applicable. This handbook is divided into three parts: Part 1 specifies common definitions and facilities maintenance requirements and amplifies the policy requirements contained in NMI 8831. 1; Part 2 provides guidance on how to meet the requirements of Part 1, containing recommendations only; Part 3 contains general facilities maintenance information. One objective of this handbook is to fix commonality of facilities maintenance definitions among the Centers. This will permit the application of uniform measures of facilities conditions, of the relationship between current replacement value and maintenance resources required, and of the backlog of deferred facilities maintenance. The utilization of facilities maintenance system functions will allow the Centers to quantitatively define maintenance objectives in common terms, prepare work plans, and develop management information in order to statistically identify and analyze variances from those plans. It will also add credibility to the NASA facilities maintenance budgeting process. The key to a successful maintenance program is the understanding and support of the senior Center managers.

Inventory-transportation integrated optimization for maintenance spare parts of high-speed trains

PubMed Central

Wang, Jiaxi; Wang, Huasheng; Wang, Zhongkai; Li, Jian; Lin, Ruixi; Xiao, Jie; Wu, Jianping

2017-01-01

This paper presents a 0–1 programming model aimed at obtaining the optimal inventory policy and transportation mode for maintenance spare parts of high-speed trains. To obtain the model parameters for occasionally-replaced spare parts, a demand estimation method based on the maintenance strategies of China’s high-speed railway system is proposed. In addition, we analyse the shortage time using PERT, and then calculate the unit time shortage cost from the viewpoint of train operation revenue. Finally, a real-world case study from Shanghai Depot is conducted to demonstrate our method. Computational results offer an effective and efficient decision support for inventory managers. PMID:28472097

Optimization of robotic welding procedures for maintenance repair of hydraulic turbines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lamarche, L.; Galopin, M.; Simoneau, R.

1996-12-31

A six axes super-compact robot is used for field repair of cavitation damages found on the discharge ring of hydraulic turbines. Optimization of overlay welding procedures to minimize surface distortion and reduce tearing forces on anchors in concrete, were studied through experimentation and FEM modelling. Planned experimentation has been used to develop optimum pulsed GMAW schedules of stainless steel overlays in 2G position. Best welding sequence was resolved through over lay welding of free plates. Each overlay consisted in one or two layers which were welded in the longitudinal and/or transverse direction of the rectangular plate. A bidirectional welding mode,more » a longitudinal layer followed by a transverse layer position and no cooling between the two layers, were found to be most effective in reducing distortion. The optimized 2G welding procedure was applied to a simulated field repair. Plate was anchored on a massive iron bracket with a set of instrumented bolts, to understand how normal tearing forces in anchors evolve. Preliminary results on FEM modelling of lateral force on anchors indicate good correlation with experiments, for an elementary design.« less

Identifying strategic sites for Green-Infrastructures (GI) to manage stormwater in a miscellaneous use urban African watershed

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Selker, J. S.; Kahsai, S. K.

2017-12-01

Green Infrastructure (GI) or Low impact development (LID), is a land use planning and design approach with the objective of mitigating land development impacts to the environment, and is ever more looked to as a way to lessen runoff and pollutant loading to receiving water bodies. Broad-scale approaches for siting GI/LID have been developed for agricultural watersheds, but are rare for urban watersheds, largely due to greater land use complexity. And it is even more challenging when it comes to Urban Africa due to the combination of poor data quality, rapid and unplanned development, and civic institutions unable to reliably carry out regular maintenance. We present a spacio-temporal simulation-based approach to identify an optimal prioritization of sites for GI/LID based on DEM, land use and land cover. Optimization used is a multi-objective optimization tool along with an urban storm water management model (SWMM) to identify the most cost-effective combination of LID/GI. This was applied to an urban watershed in NW Kampala, Lubigi Catchment (notorious for being heavily flooded every year), with a miscellaneous use watershed in Uganda, as a case-study to demonstrate the approach.

Control of Technology Transfer at JPL

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Oliver, Ronald

2006-01-01

Controlled Technology: 1) Design: preliminary or critical design data, schematics, technical flow charts, SNV code/diagnostics, logic flow diagrams, wirelist, ICDs, detailed specifications or requirements. 2) Development: constraints, computations, configurations, technical analyses, acceptance criteria, anomaly resolution, detailed test plans, detailed technical proposals. 3) Production: process or how-to: assemble, operated, repair, maintain, modify. 4) Manufacturing: technical instructions, specific parts, specific materials, specific qualities, specific processes, specific flow. 5) Operations: how-to operate, contingency or standard operating plans, Ops handbooks. 6) Repair: repair instructions, troubleshooting schemes, detailed schematics. 7) Test: specific procedures, data, analysis, detailed test plan and retest plans, detailed anomaly resolutions, detailed failure causes and corrective actions, troubleshooting, trended test data, flight readiness data. 8) Maintenance: maintenance schedules and plans, methods for regular upkeep, overhaul instructions. 9) Modification: modification instructions, upgrades kit parts, including software

Optimized PID control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia.

PubMed

Padula, Fabrizio; Ionescu, Clara; Latronico, Nicola; Paltenghi, Massimiliano; Visioli, Antonio; Vivacqua, Giulio

2017-06-01

This paper addresses the use of proportional-integral-derivative controllers for regulating the depth of hypnosis in anesthesia by using propofol administration and the bispectral index as a controlled variable. In fact, introducing an automatic control system might provide significant benefits for the patient in reducing the risk for under- and over-dosing. In this study, the controller parameters are obtained through genetic algorithms by solving a min-max optimization problem. A set of 12 patient models representative of a large population variance is used to test controller robustness. The worst-case performance in the considered population is minimized considering two different scenarios: the induction case and the maintenance case. Our results indicate that including a gain scheduling strategy enables optimal performance for induction and maintenance phases, separately. Using a single tuning to address both tasks may results in a loss of performance up to 102% in the induction phase and up to 31% in the maintenance phase. Further on, it is shown that a suitably designed low-pass filter on the controller output can handle the trade-off between the performance and the noise effect in the control variable. Optimally tuned PID controllers provide a fast induction time with an acceptable overshoot and a satisfactory disturbance rejection performance during maintenance. These features make them a very good tool for comparison when other control algorithms are developed. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Standardization of quality control plans for highway bridges in Europe: COST Action TU 1406

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Casas, Joan R.; Matos, Jose Campos e.

2017-09-01

In Europe, as all over the world, the need to manage roadway bridges in an efficient way led to the development of different management systems. Hence, nowadays, many European countries have their own system. Although they present a similar architectural framework, several differences can be appointed. These differences constitute a divergent mechanism that may conduct to different decisions on maintenance actions. Within the roadway bridge management process, the identification of maintenance needs is more effective when developed in a uniform and repeatable manner. This process can be accomplished by the identification of performance indicators and definition of performance goals and key performance indicators (KPI), improving the planning of maintenance strategies. Therefore, a discussion at a European level, seeking to achieve a standardized approach in this subject, will bring significant benefits. Accordingly, a COST Action is under way in Europe with the aim of standardizing the establishment of quality control plans for roadway bridges.

Electric Motors Maintenance Planning From Its Operating Variables

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodrigues, Francisco; Fonseca, Inácio; Farinha, José Torres; Ferreira, Luís; Galar, Diego

2017-09-01

The maintenance planning corresponds to an approach that seeks to maximize the availability of equipment and, consequently, increase the levels of competitiveness of companies by increasing production times. This paper presents a maintenance planning based on operating variables (number of hours worked, duty cycles, number of revolutions) to maximizing the availability of operation of electrical motors. The reading of the operating variables and its sampling is done based on predetermined sampling cycles and subsequently is made the data analysis through time series algorithms aiming to launch work orders before reaching the variables limit values. This approach is supported by tools and technologies such as logical applications that enable a graphical user interface for access to relevant information about their Physical Asset HMI (Human Machine Interface), including the control and supervision by acquisition through SCADA (Supervisory Control And data acquisition) data, also including the communication protocols among different logical applications.

Optimal Maintenance Crew Composition and Enhancement of Crew Productivity

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-08-01

The South Carolina Department of Transportation dedicates a large portion of both : its budget and other resources to the maintenance of the States transportation : infrastructure. In order to maximize the efficiency and productivity of the State...

Best Practices in Photovoltaic System Operations and Maintenance: 2nd Edition

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Whaley, Cass

This best practices guide encourages high-quality system deployment and operation that improves lifetime project performance and energy production while reducing, or at least optimizing, costs to deliver an operation and maintenance program.

Evaluation of maintenance strategies.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-11-01

In the mid1990s, the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) initiated the Maintenance Cost : Effectiveness study (SPR 371) with the development of plans and an experiment design to evaluate the : effectiveness of a variety of asphalt pavement...

Replaceable Unbonded Tendons for Post-Tensioned Bridges

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-12-24

Currently, all State and local agencies responsible for the maintenance of suspension bridge cables base their maintenance plan mainly on previous experiences and on information from limited inspections. Usually, the exterior covering of the cable is...

Traffic incident management in construction and maintenance work zones.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

In 2004, the Federal Highway Administration published updated rules governing work zone safety and mobility; all highway construction and maintenance projects using federal-aid highway funds are required to develop transportation management plans (TM...

47 CFR 54.508 - Technology plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Technology plans. 54.508 Section 54.508... SERVICE Universal Service Support for Schools and Libraries § 54.508 Technology plans. (a) Applicants must develop a technology plan when requesting discounts for internal connections and basic maintenance for...

Software for Planning Scientific Activities on Mars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ai-Chang, Mitchell; Bresina, John; Jonsson, Ari; Hsu, Jennifer; Kanefsky, Bob; Morris, Paul; Rajan, Kanna; Yglesias, Jeffrey; Charest, Len; Maldague, Pierre

2003-01-01

Mixed-Initiative Activity Plan Generator (MAPGEN) is a ground-based computer program for planning and scheduling the scientific activities of instrumented exploratory robotic vehicles, within the limitations of available resources onboard the vehicle. MAPGEN is a combination of two prior software systems: (1) an activity-planning program, APGEN, developed at NASA s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and (2) the Europa planner/scheduler from NASA Ames Research Center. MAPGEN performs all of the following functions: Automatic generation of plans and schedules for scientific and engineering activities; Testing of hypotheses (or what-if analyses of various scenarios); Editing of plans; Computation and analysis of resources; and Enforcement and maintenance of constraints, including resolution of temporal and resource conflicts among planned activities. MAPGEN can be used in either of two modes: one in which the planner/scheduler is turned off and only the basic APGEN functionality is utilized, or one in which both component programs are used to obtain the full planning, scheduling, and constraint-maintenance functionality.

42 CFR 417.430 - Application procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Enrollment, Entitlement, and Disenrollment under Medicare Contract § 417.430 Application...

Air Vehicle Integration and Technology Research (AVIATR). Task Order 0003: Condition-Based Maintenance Plus Structural Integrity (CBM+SI) Demonstration (September 2011 to March 2012)

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

the potential maintenance plans are compared via the TPMs , which are related to the cost of ownership of the fleet and to aircraft availability. 7...due to maintenance of the wing system is reported because this measure has a straightforward interpretation. This TPM is referred to as Fleet DT...3.2.2. Maintenance Parameters The F-15 Program has indicated that, in practice , maintenance actions are generally performed on multiples of 200 FH. For

Intensity modulated neutron radiotherapy optimization by photon proxy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Snyder, Michael; Hammoud, Ahmad; Bossenberger, Todd

2012-08-15

Purpose: Introducing intensity modulation into neutron radiotherapy (IMNRT) planning has the potential to mitigate some normal tissue complications seen in past neutron trials. While the hardware to deliver IMNRT plans has been in use for several years, until recently the IMNRT planning process has been cumbersome and of lower fidelity than conventional photon plans. Our in-house planning system used to calculate neutron therapy plans allows beam weight optimization of forward planned segments, but does not provide inverse optimization capabilities. Commercial treatment planning systems provide inverse optimization capabilities, but currently cannot model our neutron beam. Methods: We have developed a methodologymore » and software suite to make use of the robust optimization in our commercial planning system while still using our in-house planning system to calculate final neutron dose distributions. Optimized multileaf collimator (MLC) leaf positions for segments designed in the commercial system using a 4 MV photon proxy beam are translated into static neutron ports that can be represented within our in-house treatment planning system. The true neutron dose distribution is calculated in the in-house system and then exported back through the MATLAB software into the commercial treatment planning system for evaluation. Results: The planning process produces optimized IMNRT plans that reduce dose to normal tissue structures as compared to 3D conformal plans using static MLC apertures. The process involves standard planning techniques using a commercially available treatment planning system, and is not significantly more complex than conventional IMRT planning. Using a photon proxy in a commercial optimization algorithm produces IMNRT plans that are more conformal than those previously designed at our center and take much less time to create. Conclusions: The planning process presented here allows for the optimization of IMNRT plans by a commercial treatment planning optimization algorithm, potentially allowing IMNRT to achieve similar conformality in treatment as photon IMRT. The only remaining requirements for the delivery of very highly modulated neutron treatments are incremental improvements upon already implemented hardware systems that should be readily achievable.« less

Impact of respiratory motion on worst-case scenario optimized intensity modulated proton therapy for lung cancers.

PubMed

Liu, Wei; Liao, Zhongxing; Schild, Steven E; Liu, Zhong; Li, Heng; Li, Yupeng; Park, Peter C; Li, Xiaoqiang; Stoker, Joshua; Shen, Jiajian; Keole, Sameer; Anand, Aman; Fatyga, Mirek; Dong, Lei; Sahoo, Narayan; Vora, Sujay; Wong, William; Zhu, X Ronald; Bues, Martin; Mohan, Radhe

2015-01-01

We compared conventionally optimized intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) treatment plans against worst-case scenario optimized treatment plans for lung cancer. The comparison of the 2 IMPT optimization strategies focused on the resulting plans' ability to retain dose objectives under the influence of patient setup, inherent proton range uncertainty, and dose perturbation caused by respiratory motion. For each of the 9 lung cancer cases, 2 treatment plans were created that accounted for treatment uncertainties in 2 different ways. The first used the conventional method: delivery of prescribed dose to the planning target volume that is geometrically expanded from the internal target volume (ITV). The second used a worst-case scenario optimization scheme that addressed setup and range uncertainties through beamlet optimization. The plan optimality and plan robustness were calculated and compared. Furthermore, the effects on dose distributions of changes in patient anatomy attributable to respiratory motion were investigated for both strategies by comparing the corresponding plan evaluation metrics at the end-inspiration and end-expiration phase and absolute differences between these phases. The mean plan evaluation metrics of the 2 groups were compared with 2-sided paired Student t tests. Without respiratory motion considered, we affirmed that worst-case scenario optimization is superior to planning target volume-based conventional optimization in terms of plan robustness and optimality. With respiratory motion considered, worst-case scenario optimization still achieved more robust dose distributions to respiratory motion for targets and comparable or even better plan optimality (D95% ITV, 96.6% vs 96.1% [P = .26]; D5%- D95% ITV, 10.0% vs 12.3% [P = .082]; D1% spinal cord, 31.8% vs 36.5% [P = .035]). Worst-case scenario optimization led to superior solutions for lung IMPT. Despite the fact that worst-case scenario optimization did not explicitly account for respiratory motion, it produced motion-resistant treatment plans. However, further research is needed to incorporate respiratory motion into IMPT robust optimization. Copyright © 2015 American Society for Radiation Oncology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Individual and dyadic planning predicting pelvic floor exercise among prostate cancer survivors.

PubMed

Keller, Jan; Burkert, Silke; Wiedemann, Amelie U; Luszczynska, Aleksandra; Schrader, Mark; Knoll, Nina

2015-08-01

[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 60(3) of Rehabilitation Psychology (see record 2015-40319-001). Aleksandra Luszczynska's institutional affiliation was incorrectly set as Warsaw School of Social Sciences and Humanities. It should have been University of Social Sciences and Humanities. All versions of this article have been corrected.] Radical prostatectomy, a standard treatment for localized prostate cancer, is often followed by a recommendation to initiate and maintain pelvic floor exercise (PFE), to control postsurgery urinary incontinence. Previous studies showed that planning facilitated the uptake and maintenance of a new behavior. Whereas individual planning addresses the setting of plans by 1 person, dyadic planning refers to creating plans together with a partner on when, where, and how the individual target person will perform a behavior. Individual and dyadic planning of PFE, their development over time, and their associations with PFE were investigated. In a correlational study, 175 prostate-cancer patients provided data at 1, 3, 5, and 7 months following the onset of incontinence. Individual planning of PFE by patients and dyadic planning of PFE between patients and their partners, PFE, and incontinence were assessed by patients' self-reports. Two-level models with repeated assessments nested in individuals revealed stable levels of individual planning of PFE over time in patients with higher incontinence severity, whereas patients with receding incontinence showed decreases. Independent of incontinence severity, a curvilinear increase followed by a decrease of dyadic planning of PFE across time emerged. Sequential associations of both planning strategies with PFE were found. Whereas individual planning was steadily associated with PFE, associations between dyadic planning and PFE were nonsignificant in the beginning, but increased over time. Findings point to the importance of individual planning for the adoption and maintenance of PFE, with dyadic planning being relevant for PFE maintenance only. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

Control of rolling contact fatigue on premium rails in revenue service.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-11-01

Effective rail maintenance strategies are : essential for controlling rolling contact fatigue : (RCF) and reducing wear of rails under heavy : axle load (HAL) operations. In an effort to : optimize rail maintenance strategies in revenue : service, Tr...

78 FR 27058 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Louisiana; Approval of Section 110...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-09

... allow backsliding with respect to new source review, penalties, milestones, contingency plans, and motor... and contingency measures. Each of the section 110(a) (1) plan components is discussed below. (a... of this anomalous violation. (d) Contingency Plan. The section 110(a)(1) maintenance plans include...

Derivative-free generation and interpolation of convex Pareto optimal IMRT plans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoffmann, Aswin L.; Siem, Alex Y. D.; den Hertog, Dick; Kaanders, Johannes H. A. M.; Huizenga, Henk

2006-12-01

In inverse treatment planning for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), beamlet intensity levels in fluence maps of high-energy photon beams are optimized. Treatment plan evaluation criteria are used as objective functions to steer the optimization process. Fluence map optimization can be considered a multi-objective optimization problem, for which a set of Pareto optimal solutions exists: the Pareto efficient frontier (PEF). In this paper, a constrained optimization method is pursued to iteratively estimate the PEF up to some predefined error. We use the property that the PEF is convex for a convex optimization problem to construct piecewise-linear upper and lower bounds to approximate the PEF from a small initial set of Pareto optimal plans. A derivative-free Sandwich algorithm is presented in which these bounds are used with three strategies to determine the location of the next Pareto optimal solution such that the uncertainty in the estimated PEF is maximally reduced. We show that an intelligent initial solution for a new Pareto optimal plan can be obtained by interpolation of fluence maps from neighbouring Pareto optimal plans. The method has been applied to a simplified clinical test case using two convex objective functions to map the trade-off between tumour dose heterogeneity and critical organ sparing. All three strategies produce representative estimates of the PEF. The new algorithm is particularly suitable for dynamic generation of Pareto optimal plans in interactive treatment planning.

Recent Trends in the Dispensing of 90-Day-Supply Prescriptions at Retail Pharmacies: Implications for Improved Convenience and Access

PubMed Central

Liberman, Joshua N.; Girdish, Charmaine

2011-01-01

Background Mail-service pharmacies offer consumers the convenience of prescriptions filled with a 90-day supply of medication. Unlike mail-service pharmacies, retail pharmacies traditionally dispensed maintenance medication prescriptions with a 30-day supply. However, the retail landscape changed in May 2008 with Walmart's announcement of an extension of its $4 Prescription Program to include 90-day-supply prescriptions. Objective To evaluate recent changes in access to and use of 90-day-supply maintenance medications dispensed via retail pharmacy. Summary As of the first quarter of 2007, the proportion of retail-dispensed maintenance medications with a 90-day supply (compared with all maintenance prescriptions dispensed) among Medicare Part D plans, self-insured employers, and private health plans was 5.1%, 5.1%, and 5.0%, respectively. As of December 2009, this ratio had risen to 8.0% for Medicare plans and 8.1% for commercial health plans; the ratio among employers had risen more modestly to 6.1%. Of particular interest and importance, the proportion increased similarly for brand and for generic medications. Conclusion There has been substantial growth in 90-day prescriptions dispensed via retail pharmacy, a trend that is likely to continue as more insurance providers adopt compatible benefit designs. It is important to continue monitoring these trends and to identify opportunities to rigorously evaluate their impact on medication adherence and healthcare costs. PMID:25126341

Recent trends in the dispensing of 90-day-supply prescriptions at retail pharmacies: implications for improved convenience and access.

PubMed

Liberman, Joshua N; Girdish, Charmaine

2011-03-01

Mail-service pharmacies offer consumers the convenience of prescriptions filled with a 90-day supply of medication. Unlike mail-service pharmacies, retail pharmacies traditionally dispensed maintenance medication prescriptions with a 30-day supply. However, the retail landscape changed in May 2008 with Walmart's announcement of an extension of its $4 Prescription Program to include 90-day-supply prescriptions. To evaluate recent changes in access to and use of 90-day-supply maintenance medications dispensed via retail pharmacy. As of the first quarter of 2007, the proportion of retail-dispensed maintenance medications with a 90-day supply (compared with all maintenance prescriptions dispensed) among Medicare Part D plans, self-insured employers, and private health plans was 5.1%, 5.1%, and 5.0%, respectively. As of December 2009, this ratio had risen to 8.0% for Medicare plans and 8.1% for commercial health plans; the ratio among employers had risen more modestly to 6.1%. Of particular interest and importance, the proportion increased similarly for brand and for generic medications. There has been substantial growth in 90-day prescriptions dispensed via retail pharmacy, a trend that is likely to continue as more insurance providers adopt compatible benefit designs. It is important to continue monitoring these trends and to identify opportunities to rigorously evaluate their impact on medication adherence and healthcare costs.

3D simulation as a tool for improving the safety culture during remediation work at Andreeva Bay.

PubMed

Chizhov, K; Sneve, M K; Szőke, I; Mazur, I; Mark, N K; Kudrin, I; Shandala, N; Simakov, A; Smith, G M; Krasnoschekov, A; Kosnikov, A; Kemsky, I; Kryuchkov, V

2014-12-01

Andreeva Bay in northwest Russia hosts one of the former coastal technical bases of the Northern Fleet. Currently, this base is designated as the Andreeva Bay branch of Northwest Center for Radioactive Waste Management (SevRAO) and is a site of temporary storage (STS) for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and other radiological waste generated during the operation and decommissioning of nuclear submarines and ships. According to an integrated expert evaluation, this site is the most dangerous nuclear facility in northwest Russia. Environmental rehabilitation of the site is currently in progress and is supported by strong international collaboration. This paper describes how the optimization principle (ALARA) has been adopted during the planning of remediation work at the Andreeva Bay STS and how Russian-Norwegian collaboration greatly contributed to ensuring the development and maintenance of a high level safety culture during this process. More specifically, this paper describes how integration of a system, specifically designed for improving the radiological safety of workers during the remediation work at Andreeva Bay, was developed in Russia. It also outlines the 3D radiological simulation and virtual reality based systems developed in Norway that have greatly facilitated effective implementation of the ALARA principle, through supporting radiological characterisation, work planning and optimization, decision making, communication between teams and with the authorities and training of field operators.

Planning factors for developing an enterprise-wide picture archiving and communication system maintenance program.

PubMed

Staley, S; Romlein, J; Chacko, A K; Wider, R

2000-05-01

Picture archiving and communication system (PACS) maintenance on an individual site basis has historically been a complex and costly challenge. With the advent of enterprise-wide PACS projects such as the Virtual Radiology Environment (VRE) project, the challenge of a maintenance program with even more complexities has presented itself. The approach of the project management team for the VRE project is not one of reactive maintenance, but one of highly proactive planning and negotiations, in hopes of capitalizing on the economies of scale of an enterprise-wide PACS maintenance program. A proactive maintenance program is one aspect of life-cycle management. As with any capital acquisition, life-cycle management may be used to manage the specific project aspects related to PACS. The purpose of an enterprise-wide warranty and maintenance life-cycle management approach is to maintain PACS at its maximum operational efficiency and utilization levels through a flexible, shared, yet symbiotic relationship between local, regional, and vendor resources. These goals include providing maximum operational performance levels on a local, regional, and enterprise basis, while maintaining acceptable costs and resource utilization levels. This goal must be achieved without negatively impacting point of care activities, regardless of changes to the clinical business environment.

Endow My Air Conditioner!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simmons, Charles E. P.

1982-01-01

Administrators need to plan and set priorities in various energy/maintenance areas, and trustees and legislators, faculty and students have to be educated regarding maintenance and conservation. Cost of energy consumption by area and department must be worked out. (MLW)

Using the intervention mapping protocol to develop a maintenance programme for the SLIMMER diabetes prevention intervention.

PubMed

Elsman, Ellen B M; Leerlooijer, Joanne N; Ter Beek, Josien; Duijzer, Geerke; Jansen, Sophia C; Hiddink, Gerrit J; Feskens, Edith J M; Haveman-Nies, Annemien

2014-10-27

Although lifestyle interventions have shown to be effective in reducing the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus, maintenance of achieved results is difficult, as participants often experience relapse after the intervention has ended. This paper describes the systematic development of a maintenance programme for the extensive SLIMMER intervention, an existing diabetes prevention intervention for high-risk individuals, implemented in a real-life setting in the Netherlands. The maintenance programme was developed using the Intervention Mapping protocol. Programme development was informed by a literature study supplemented by various focus group discussions and feedback from implementers of the extensive SLIMMER intervention. The maintenance programme was designed to sustain a healthy diet and physical activity pattern by targeting knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control of the SLIMMER participants. Practical applications were clustered into nine programme components, including sports clinics at local sports clubs, a concluding meeting with the physiotherapist and dietician, and a return session with the physiotherapist, dietician and physical activity group. Manuals were developed for the implementers and included a detailed time table and step-by-step instructions on how to implement the maintenance programme. The Intervention Mapping protocol provided a useful framework to systematically plan a maintenance programme for the extensive SLIMMER intervention. The study showed that planning a maintenance programme can build on existing implementation structures of the extensive programme. Future research is needed to determine to what extent the maintenance programme contributes to sustained effects in participants of lifestyle interventions.

Explicit optimization of plan quality measures in intensity-modulated radiation therapy treatment planning.

PubMed

Engberg, Lovisa; Forsgren, Anders; Eriksson, Kjell; Hårdemark, Björn

2017-06-01

To formulate convex planning objectives of treatment plan multicriteria optimization with explicit relationships to the dose-volume histogram (DVH) statistics used in plan quality evaluation. Conventional planning objectives are designed to minimize the violation of DVH statistics thresholds using penalty functions. Although successful in guiding the DVH curve towards these thresholds, conventional planning objectives offer limited control of the individual points on the DVH curve (doses-at-volume) used to evaluate plan quality. In this study, we abandon the usual penalty-function framework and propose planning objectives that more closely relate to DVH statistics. The proposed planning objectives are based on mean-tail-dose, resulting in convex optimization. We also demonstrate how to adapt a standard optimization method to the proposed formulation in order to obtain a substantial reduction in computational cost. We investigated the potential of the proposed planning objectives as tools for optimizing DVH statistics through juxtaposition with the conventional planning objectives on two patient cases. Sets of treatment plans with differently balanced planning objectives were generated using either the proposed or the conventional approach. Dominance in the sense of better distributed doses-at-volume was observed in plans optimized within the proposed framework. The initial computational study indicates that the DVH statistics are better optimized and more efficiently balanced using the proposed planning objectives than using the conventional approach. © 2017 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

Health maintenance organization (HMO) performance and consumer complaints: an empirical study of frustrating HMO activities.

PubMed

Born, Patricia H; Query, J Tim

2004-01-01

Growing public interest in the operations of managed care plans has fueled a variety of activities to collect and analyze their performance. These activities include studies of financial performance, analysis of enrollment decisions, and, more recently, the development of systems for measuring healthcare quality to improve accountability to consumers. In this study, the authors focus on the activities of managed care plans that may frustrate patients and providers and, subsequently, motivate patients to file complaints. Using data from three sources, they evaluate the relationships between complaints against managed care plans and two metrics of performance: (a) the financial performance of the plan, and (b) the quality of care provided. Their findings indicate that complaints against health maintenance organizations are significantly related to the plans' levels of quality and to actions that may impede access to care.

International Multidisciplinary Artificial Gravity (IMAG) Project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Laurini, Kathy

2007-01-01

This viewgraph presentation reviews the efforts of the International Multidisciplinary Artificial Gravity Project. Specifically it reviews the NASA Exploration Planning Status, NASA Exploration Roadmap, Status of Planning for the Moon, Mars Planning, Reference health maintenance scenario, and The Human Research Program.

42 CFR 417.452 - Liability of Medicare enrollees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Enrollment, Entitlement, and Disenrollment under Medicare Contract § 417.452...

42 CFR 417.434 - Reenrollment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Enrollment, Entitlement, and Disenrollment under Medicare Contract § 417.434 Reenrollment. If an HMO or CMP...

42 CFR 417.461 - Disenrollment by the enrollee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Enrollment, Entitlement, and Disenrollment under Medicare Contract § 417.461 Disenrollment...

75 FR 9816 - Airworthiness Directives; Empresa Brasileira de Aeronautica S.A. (EMBRAER) Model ERJ 170 and ERJ...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-04

... maintenance plan to include repetitive functional tests of the low-stage check valve. For certain other... program to include maintenance Task Number 36-11-02- 002 (Low Stage Bleed Check Valve), specified in... Check Valve) in Section 1 of the EMBRAER 170 Maintenance Review Board Report MRB-1621. Issued in Renton...

Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 7: PEP logistics and training plan requirements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1979-01-01

Recommendations for logistics activities and logistics planning are presented based on the assumption that a system prime contractor will perform logistics functions to support all program hardware and will implement a logistics system to include the planning and provision of products and services to assure cost effective coverage of the following: maintainability; maintenance; spares and supply support; fuels; pressurants and fluids; operations and maintenance documentation training; preservation, packaging and packing; transportation and handling; storage; and logistics management information reporting. The training courses, manpower, materials, and training aids required will be identified and implemented in a training program.

Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery Project : Combined-Planning & Design and Operations & Maintenance Reports, 2000 Annual Report.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Larson, Roy Edward; Walker, Grant W.

2002-12-31

Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery (NPTH) Year-2000 Combined Maintenance and Operations (O&M) and Planning and Design (P&D) contract is hereby completed based on this annual report patterned after the Statement of Work (SOW) for the project as contracted with Bonneville Power Administration. Primary project activities focused on completion of the Northwest Power Planning Council Step-3 process that: (1) Accepted final design, (2) Authorized a capital construction amount of $16,050,000, and (3) Authorized contractor selection, and (4) Provided construction site dedication, and (5) Implemented construction activities over an anticipated 2-year period of July 2000 through October 2002.

SU-E-T-452: Impact of Respiratory Motion On Robustly-Optimized Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy to Treat Lung Cancers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, W; Schild, S; Bues, M

Purpose: We compared conventionally optimized intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) treatment plans against the worst-case robustly optimized treatment plans for lung cancer. The comparison of the two IMPT optimization strategies focused on the resulting plans' ability to retain dose objectives under the influence of patient set-up, inherent proton range uncertainty, and dose perturbation caused by respiratory motion. Methods: For each of the 9 lung cancer cases two treatment plans were created accounting for treatment uncertainties in two different ways: the first used the conventional Method: delivery of prescribed dose to the planning target volume (PTV) that is geometrically expanded from themore » internal target volume (ITV). The second employed the worst-case robust optimization scheme that addressed set-up and range uncertainties through beamlet optimization. The plan optimality and plan robustness were calculated and compared. Furthermore, the effects on dose distributions of the changes in patient anatomy due to respiratory motion was investigated for both strategies by comparing the corresponding plan evaluation metrics at the end-inspiration and end-expiration phase and absolute differences between these phases. The mean plan evaluation metrics of the two groups were compared using two-sided paired t-tests. Results: Without respiratory motion considered, we affirmed that worst-case robust optimization is superior to PTV-based conventional optimization in terms of plan robustness and optimality. With respiratory motion considered, robust optimization still leads to more robust dose distributions to respiratory motion for targets and comparable or even better plan optimality [D95% ITV: 96.6% versus 96.1% (p=0.26), D5% - D95% ITV: 10.0% versus 12.3% (p=0.082), D1% spinal cord: 31.8% versus 36.5% (p =0.035)]. Conclusion: Worst-case robust optimization led to superior solutions for lung IMPT. Despite of the fact that robust optimization did not explicitly account for respiratory motion it produced motion-resistant treatment plans. However, further research is needed to incorporate respiratory motion into IMPT robust optimization.« less

Rapid Transit Subways - Guidelines for Engineering New Installations for Reduced Maintenance

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-01-01

Economic design of new subways requires optimization of installation and maintenance costs of all the major constituent items. A prerequisite for this is an awareness of the rigorous environmental and other conditions imposed on the subway. Changing ...

77 FR 59356 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; North Carolina: Approval of Rocky Mount...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-27

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; North Carolina: Approval of Rocky Mount Supplemental Motor Vehicle... is proposing to approve a revision to the North Carolina State Implementation Plan (SIP), submitted... supplements the original redesignation request and maintenance plan for Rocky Mount 1997 8-hour ozone area...

29 CFR 825.211 - Maintenance of benefits under multi-employer health plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... which is maintained pursuant to one or more collective bargaining agreements between employee..., unless the plan contains an explicit FMLA provision for maintaining coverage such as through pooled... by the group health plan, and benefits provided pursuant to the plan, must be maintained at the level...

7 CFR 1710.209 - Approval requirements for load forecast work plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... cooperate in the preparation of and submittal of the load forecast work plan of their power supply borrower. (b) An approved load forecast work plan establishes the process for the preparation and maintenance... approved load forecast work plan must outline the coordination and preparation requirements for both the...

78 FR 48504 - Proposed Revisions to Maintenance Rule Standard Review Plan

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-08

... Review Plan AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Standard review plan-draft section revision... Review Plan for the Review of Safety Analysis Reports for Nuclear Power Plants: LWR Edition,'' Section 17... and Management System (ADAMS): You may access publicly available documents online in the NRC Library...

Intervention planning for the REDUCE maintenance intervention: a digital intervention to reduce reulceration risk among patients with a history of diabetic foot ulcers

PubMed Central

Sivyer, Katy; Vedhara, Kavita; Yardley, Lucy; Game, Frances; Chalder, Trudie; Richards, Gayle; Drake, Nikki; Gray, Katie; Weinman, John; Bradbury, Katherine

2018-01-01

Objectives To develop a comprehensive intervention plan for the REDUCE maintenance intervention to support people who have had diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) to sustain behaviours that reduce reulceration risk. Methods Theory-based, evidence-based and person-based approaches to intervention development were used. In phase I of intervention planning, evidence was collated from a scoping review of the literature and qualitative interviews with patients who have had DFUs (n=20). This was used to identify the psychosocial needs and challenges of this population and barriers and facilitators to the intervention’s target behaviours: regular foot checking, rapid self-referral in the event of changes in foot health, graded and regular physical activity and emotional management. In phase II, this evidence was combined with expert consultation to develop the intervention plan. Brief ‘guiding principles’ for shaping intervention development were created. ‘Behavioural analysis’ and ‘logic modelling’ were used to map intervention content onto behaviour change theory to comprehensively describe the intervention and its hypothesised mechanisms. Results Key challenges to the intervention’s target behaviours included patients’ uncertainty regarding when to self-refer, physical limitations affecting foot checking and physical activity and, for some, difficulties managing negative emotions. Important considerations for the intervention design included a need to increase patients’ confidence in making a self-referral and in using the maintenance intervention and a need to acknowledge that some intervention content might be relevant to only some patients (emotional management, physical activity). The behavioural analysis identified the following processes hypothesised to facilitate long-term behaviour maintenance including increasing patients’ skills, self-efficacy, knowledge, positive outcome expectancies, sense of personal control, social support and physical opportunity. Conclusions This research provides a transparent description of the intervention planning for the REDUCE maintenance intervention. It provides insights into potential barriers and facilitators to the target behaviours and potentially useful behaviour change techniques to use in clinical practice. PMID:29779008

Use of plan quality degradation to evaluate tradeoffs in delivery efficiency and clinical plan metrics arising from IMRT optimizer and sequencer compromises

PubMed Central

Wilkie, Joel R.; Matuszak, Martha M.; Feng, Mary; Moran, Jean M.; Fraass, Benedick A.

2013-01-01

Purpose: Plan degradation resulting from compromises made to enhance delivery efficiency is an important consideration for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment plans. IMRT optimization and/or multileaf collimator (MLC) sequencing schemes can be modified to generate more efficient treatment delivery, but the effect those modifications have on plan quality is often difficult to quantify. In this work, the authors present a method for quantitative assessment of overall plan quality degradation due to tradeoffs between delivery efficiency and treatment plan quality, illustrated using comparisons between plans developed allowing different numbers of intensity levels in IMRT optimization and/or MLC sequencing for static segmental MLC IMRT plans. Methods: A plan quality degradation method to evaluate delivery efficiency and plan quality tradeoffs was developed and used to assess planning for 14 prostate and 12 head and neck patients treated with static IMRT. Plan quality was evaluated using a physician's predetermined “quality degradation” factors for relevant clinical plan metrics associated with the plan optimization strategy. Delivery efficiency and plan quality were assessed for a range of optimization and sequencing limitations. The “optimal” (baseline) plan for each case was derived using a clinical cost function with an unlimited number of intensity levels. These plans were sequenced with a clinical MLC leaf sequencer which uses >100 segments, assuring delivered intensities to be within 1% of the optimized intensity pattern. Each patient's optimal plan was also sequenced limiting the number of intensity levels (20, 10, and 5), and then separately optimized with these same numbers of intensity levels. Delivery time was measured for all plans, and direct evaluation of the tradeoffs between delivery time and plan degradation was performed. Results: When considering tradeoffs, the optimal number of intensity levels depends on the treatment site and on the stage in the process at which the levels are limited. The cost of improved delivery efficiency, in terms of plan quality degradation, increased as the number of intensity levels in the sequencer or optimizer decreased. The degradation was more substantial for the head and neck cases relative to the prostate cases, particularly when fewer than 20 intensity levels were used. Plan quality degradation was less severe when the number of intensity levels was limited in the optimizer rather than the sequencer. Conclusions: Analysis of plan quality degradation allows for a quantitative assessment of the compromises in clinical plan quality as delivery efficiency is improved, in order to determine the optimal delivery settings. The technique is based on physician-determined quality degradation factors and can be extended to other clinical situations where investigation of various tradeoffs is warranted. PMID:23822412

Responding to home maintenance challenge scenarios: the role of selection, optimization, and compensation in aging-in-place.

PubMed

Kelly, Andrew John; Fausset, Cara Bailey; Rogers, Wendy; Fisk, Arthur D

2014-12-01

This study examined potential issues faced by older adults in managing their homes and their proposed solutions for overcoming hypothetical difficulties. Forty-four diverse, independently living older adults (66-85) participated in structured group interviews in which they discussed potential solutions to manage difficulties presented in four scenarios: perceptual, mobility, physical, and cognitive difficulties. The proposed solutions were classified using the Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC) model. Participants indicated they would continue performing most tasks and reported a range of strategies to manage home maintenance challenges. Most participants reported that they would manage home maintenance challenges using compensation; the most frequently mentioned compensation strategy was using tools and technologies. There were also differences across the scenarios: Optimization was discussed most frequently with perceptual and cognitive difficulty scenarios. These results provide insights into supporting older adults' potential needs for aging-in-place and provide evidence of the value of the SOC model in applied research. © The Author(s) 2012.

42 CFR 417.418 - Qualifying condition: Quality assurance program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Qualifying Conditions for Medicare Contracts § 417.418...

42 CFR 417.414 - Qualifying condition: Range of services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Qualifying Conditions for Medicare Contracts § 417.414 Qualifying condition...

42 CFR 417.450 - Effective date of coverage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Enrollment, Entitlement, and Disenrollment under Medicare Contract § 417.450 Effective date...

Optimal Limited Contingency Planning

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meuleau, Nicolas; Smith, David E.

2003-01-01

For a given problem, the optimal Markov policy over a finite horizon is a conditional plan containing a potentially large number of branches. However, there are applications where it is desirable to strictly limit the number of decision points and branches in a plan. This raises the question of how one goes about finding optimal plans containing only a limited number of branches. In this paper, we present an any-time algorithm for optimal k-contingency planning. It is the first optimal algorithm for limited contingency planning that is not an explicit enumeration of possible contingent plans. By modelling the problem as a partially observable Markov decision process, it implements the Bellman optimality principle and prunes the solution space. We present experimental results of applying this algorithm to some simple test cases.

Long-term maintenance needs planning.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-09-01

This research contributes to Kentucky's knowledge base of long-term maintenance needs in two parts. Part I presents an estimate of the average revenue needed to maintain four categories of highway in the first fifteen years after each is built or res...

Track Construction Manual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Banke, Ron; Di Gennaro, Guy; Ediger, Rick; Garner, Lanny; Hersom, Steve; Miller, Jack; Nemeth, Ron; Petrucelli, Jim; Sierks, Donna; Smith, Don; Swank, Kevin; West, Kevin

This book establishes guidelines for the construction and maintenance of tracks by providing information for building new tracks or upgrading existing tracks. Subjects covered include running track planning and construction, physical layout, available surfaces, and maintenance. General track requirements and construction specifications are…

A Worthy Investment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, Gord

2003-01-01

Discusses the benefits of a new approach to school and campus lighting, in which lighting is considered its own maintenance category and is often outsourced to companies that can handle planning, design, and maintenance, as well as offer buying discounts and inventory control. (EV)

25 CFR 171.565 - How will I know if BIA plans to adjust my annual operation and maintenance assessment rate?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER IRRIGATION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE Financial Matters: Assessments... Register. (b) You may contact the irrigation facility servicing your farm unit. ...

25 CFR 171.565 - How will I know if BIA plans to adjust my annual operation and maintenance assessment rate?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER IRRIGATION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE Financial Matters: Assessments... Register. (b) You may contact the irrigation facility servicing your farm unit. ...

Building 9401-2 Plating Shop Surveillance and Maintenance Plan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

1999-05-01

This document provides a plan for implementing surveillance and maintenance (S and M) activities to ensure that Building 9401-2 Plating Shop is maintained in a cost effective and environmentally secure configuration until subsequent closure during the final disposition phase of decommissioning. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) G430.1A-2, Surveillance and Maintenance During Facility Disposition (1997), was used as guidance in the development of this plan. The S and M Plan incorporates DOE O 430.1A, Life Cycle Asset Management (LCAM) (1998a) direction to provide for conducting surveillance and maintenance activities required to maintain the facility and remaining hazardous and radioactive materials, wastes,more » and contamination in a stable and known condition pending facility disposition. Recommendations in the S and M plan have been made that may not be requirement-based but would reduce the cost and frequency of surveillance and maintenance activities. During the course of S and M activities, the facility's condition may change so as to present an immediate or developing hazard or unsatisfactory condition. Corrective action should be coordinated with the appropriate support organizations using the requirements and guidance stated in procedure Y10-202, Rev. 1, Integrated Safety Management Program, (Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. (LMES), 1998a) implemented at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant and the methodology of the Nuclear Operations Conduct of Operations Manual (LMES, 1999) for the Depleted Uranium Operations (DUO) organization. The key S and M objectives applicable to the Plating Shop are to: Ensure adequate containment of remaining residual material in exhaust stacks and outside process piping, stored chemicals awaiting offsite shipment, and items located in the Radioactive Material Area (RMA); Provide access control into the facility and physical safety to S and M personnel; Maintain the facility in a manner that will protect the public, the environment, and the S and M personnel; Provide an S and M plan which identifies and complies with applicable environmental, safety, and health safeguards and security requirements; and Provide a cost effective S and M program for the plating shop, Building 9401-2.« less

Optimization process planning using hybrid genetic algorithm and intelligent search for job shop machining.

PubMed

Salehi, Mojtaba; Bahreininejad, Ardeshir

2011-08-01

Optimization of process planning is considered as the key technology for computer-aided process planning which is a rather complex and difficult procedure. A good process plan of a part is built up based on two elements: (1) the optimized sequence of the operations of the part; and (2) the optimized selection of the machine, cutting tool and Tool Access Direction (TAD) for each operation. In the present work, the process planning is divided into preliminary planning, and secondary/detailed planning. In the preliminary stage, based on the analysis of order and clustering constraints as a compulsive constraint aggregation in operation sequencing and using an intelligent searching strategy, the feasible sequences are generated. Then, in the detailed planning stage, using the genetic algorithm which prunes the initial feasible sequences, the optimized operation sequence and the optimized selection of the machine, cutting tool and TAD for each operation based on optimization constraints as an additive constraint aggregation are obtained. The main contribution of this work is the optimization of sequence of the operations of the part, and optimization of machine selection, cutting tool and TAD for each operation using the intelligent search and genetic algorithm simultaneously.

Optimization process planning using hybrid genetic algorithm and intelligent search for job shop machining

PubMed Central

Salehi, Mojtaba

2010-01-01

Optimization of process planning is considered as the key technology for computer-aided process planning which is a rather complex and difficult procedure. A good process plan of a part is built up based on two elements: (1) the optimized sequence of the operations of the part; and (2) the optimized selection of the machine, cutting tool and Tool Access Direction (TAD) for each operation. In the present work, the process planning is divided into preliminary planning, and secondary/detailed planning. In the preliminary stage, based on the analysis of order and clustering constraints as a compulsive constraint aggregation in operation sequencing and using an intelligent searching strategy, the feasible sequences are generated. Then, in the detailed planning stage, using the genetic algorithm which prunes the initial feasible sequences, the optimized operation sequence and the optimized selection of the machine, cutting tool and TAD for each operation based on optimization constraints as an additive constraint aggregation are obtained. The main contribution of this work is the optimization of sequence of the operations of the part, and optimization of machine selection, cutting tool and TAD for each operation using the intelligent search and genetic algorithm simultaneously. PMID:21845020

42 CFR 417.838 - Organization determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Health Care Prepayment Plans § 417.838 Organization determinations. (a) Actions that are... refusal to furnish or arrange for services, or reimburse the party for services provided to the...

Institutional Long Range Planning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caldwell Community Coll. and Technical Inst., Lenoir, NC.

Long-range institutional planning has been in effect at Caldwell Community College and Technical Institute since 1973. The first step in the process was the identification of planning areas: administration, organization, educational programs, learning resources, student services, faculty, facilities, maintenance/operation, and finances. The major…

75 FR 28786 - Notice of Availability for Donation as a Museum/Memorial, the Battleship ex-IOWA (BB 61)

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-24

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Navy Notice of Availability for Donation as a Museum... Department of the Navy (DON) hereby gives notice of the re-opening of availability for donation as a museum... towing plan, mooring plan, maintenance plan and environmental plan), a curatorial/museum plan, and a...

MTRETR MAINTENANCE SHOP, TRA653. FLOOR PLAN FOR FIRST FLOOR: MACHINE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

MTR-ETR MAINTENANCE SHOP, TRA-653. FLOOR PLAN FOR FIRST FLOOR: MACHINE SHOP, ELECTRICAL AND INSTRUMENT SHOP, TOOL CRIB, ELECTRONIC SHOP, LOCKER ROOM, SPECIAL TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED ROOM, AND OFFICES. "NEW" ON DRAWING REFERS TO REVISION OF 11/1956 DRAWING ON WHICH AREAS WERE DESIGNATED AS "FUTURE." HUMMEL HUMMEL & JONES 810-MTR-ETR-653-A-7, 5/1957. INL INDEX NO. 532-0653-00-381-101839, REV. 2. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Reactor Area, Materials & Engineering Test Reactors, Scoville, Butte County, ID

Pricing and performance in health maintenance organizations: a strategic management perspective.

PubMed

Conant, J S; Mokwa, M P; Burnett, J J

1989-03-01

Innovative, consumer-oriented pricing strategies have contributed to the impressive growth of health maintenance organizations (HMOs). In a national study of HMO marketing directors, the relationships between strategic management style and (1) the relative importance of pricing in competitive marketing strategy, (2) the effectiveness of price strategy planning, and (3) financial performance are examined. The findings indicate that HMOs practicing effective price planning also perform well on an overall basis. Insight into the content and substance of HMO pricing strategies is also provided.

78 FR 63388 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Dayton-Springfield...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-24

...-2018) Point 2.06 2.28 2.70 Area 2.92 2.81 2.90 Onroad 4.88 4.15 1.93 Nonroad 1.17 0.96 0.77 Total 11.03...* Interim Maintenance reduction (2004-2018) Point 1.15 1.25 1.26 Area 3.06 2.91 2.91 Onroad 5.62 4.83 2.14...-Springfield area's ozone maintenance plan established 2005 and 2018 budgets. The Toledo area and the Ohio...

Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Construction Cost Reductions through the Use of Virtual Environments - Task 4 Report: Virtual Mockup Maintenance Task Evaluation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Timothy Shaw; Anthony Baratta; Vaughn Whisker

2005-02-28

Task 4 report of 3 year DOE NERI-sponsored effort evaluating immersive virtual reality (CAVE) technology for design review, construction planning, and maintenance planning and training for next generation nuclear power plants. Program covers development of full-scale virtual mockups generated from 3D CAD data presented in a CAVE visualization facility. This report focuses on using Full-scale virtual mockups for nuclear power plant training applications.

Small Scale Irrigation Systems: A Training Manual. Planning--Construction--Operation and Maintenance of Small Scale Irrigation Systems. A Two-Week In-Service Training Program for Peace Corps Volunteers. Training for Development. Peace Corps Information Collection & Exchange Training Manual No. T-13.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Development Planning and Research Associates, Inc., Manhattan, KS.

This manual provides materials for a two-week inservice training program for Peace Corps volunteers on the planning, construction, and operation and maintenance of small-scale irrigation systems. The workshop is designed to be given by two experienced professionals: one with practical knowledge of irrigation system design, operation, and…

Turnaround Time Modeling for Conceptual Rocket Engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nix, Michael; Staton, Eric J.

2004-01-01

Recent years have brought about a paradigm shift within NASA and the Space Launch Community regarding the performance of conceptual design. Reliability, maintainability, supportability, and operability are no longer effects of design; they have moved to the forefront and are affecting design. A primary focus of this shift has been a planned decrease in vehicle turnaround time. Potentials for instituting this decrease include attacking the issues of removing, refurbishing, and replacing the engines after each flight. less, it is important to understand the operational affects of an engine on turnaround time, ground support personnel and equipment. One tool for visualizing this relationship involves the creation of a Discrete Event Simulation (DES). A DES model can be used to run a series of trade studies to determine if the engine is meeting its requirements, and, if not, what can be altered to bring it into compliance. Using DES, it is possible to look at the ways in which labor requirements, parallel maintenance versus serial maintenance, and maintenance scheduling affect the overall turnaround time. A detailed DES model of the Space Shuttle Main Engines (SSME) has been developed. Trades may be performed using the SSME Processing Model to see where maintenance bottlenecks occur, what the benefits (if any) are of increasing the numbers of personnel, or the number and location of facilities, in addition to trades previously mentioned, all with the goal of optimizing the operational turnaround time and minimizing operational cost. The SSME Processing Model was developed in such a way that it can easily be used as a foundation for developing DES models of other operational or developmental reusable engines. Performing a DES on a developmental engine during the conceptual phase makes it easier to affect the design and make changes to bring about a decrease in turnaround time and costs.

Representing the acquisition and use of energy by individuals in agent-based models of animal populations

USGS Publications Warehouse

Sibly, Richard M.; Grimm, Volker; Martin, Benjamin T.; Johnston, Alice S.A.; Kulakowska, Katarzyna; Topping, Christopher J.; Calow, Peter; Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob; Thorbek, Pernille; DeAngelis, Donald L.

2013-01-01

1. Agent-based models (ABMs) are widely used to predict how populations respond to changing environments. As the availability of food varies in space and time, individuals should have their own energy budgets, but there is no consensus as to how these should be modelled. Here, we use knowledge of physiological ecology to identify major issues confronting the modeller and to make recommendations about how energy budgets for use in ABMs should be constructed. 2. Our proposal is that modelled animals forage as necessary to supply their energy needs for maintenance, growth and reproduction. If there is sufficient energy intake, an animal allocates the energy obtained in the order: maintenance, growth, reproduction, energy storage, until its energy stores reach an optimal level. If there is a shortfall, the priorities for maintenance and growth/reproduction remain the same until reserves fall to a critical threshold below which all are allocated to maintenance. Rates of ingestion and allocation depend on body mass and temperature. We make suggestions for how each of these processes should be modelled mathematically. 3. Mortality rates vary with body mass and temperature according to known relationships, and these can be used to obtain estimates of background mortality rate. 4. If parameter values cannot be obtained directly, then values may provisionally be obtained by parameter borrowing, pattern-oriented modelling, artificial evolution or from allometric equations. 5. The development of ABMs incorporating individual energy budgets is essential for realistic modelling of populations affected by food availability. Such ABMs are already being used to guide conservation planning of nature reserves and shell fisheries, to assess environmental impacts of building proposals including wind farms and highways and to assess the effects on nontarget organisms of chemicals for the control of agricultural pests.

42 CFR 417.151 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... PREPAYMENT PLANS Inclusion of Qualified Health Maintenance Organizations in Employee Health Benefits Plans... least one qualified HMO a written request for inclusion and that request met the timing, content, and...

42 CFR 417.151 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... PREPAYMENT PLANS Inclusion of Qualified Health Maintenance Organizations in Employee Health Benefits Plans... least one qualified HMO a written request for inclusion and that request met the timing, content, and...

42 CFR 417.151 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... PREPAYMENT PLANS Inclusion of Qualified Health Maintenance Organizations in Employee Health Benefits Plans... least one qualified HMO a written request for inclusion and that request met the timing, content, and...

42 CFR 417.151 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... PLANS Inclusion of Qualified Health Maintenance Organizations in Employee Health Benefits Plans § 417... qualified HMO a written request for inclusion and that request met the timing, content, and procedural...

42 CFR 417.151 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... PLANS Inclusion of Qualified Health Maintenance Organizations in Employee Health Benefits Plans § 417... qualified HMO a written request for inclusion and that request met the timing, content, and procedural...

Free-time and fixed end-point optimal control theory in dissipative media: application to entanglement generation and maintenance.

PubMed

Mishima, K; Yamashita, K

2009-07-07

We develop monotonically convergent free-time and fixed end-point optimal control theory (OCT) in the density-matrix representation to deal with quantum systems showing dissipation. Our theory is more general and flexible for tailoring optimal laser pulses in order to control quantum dynamics with dissipation than the conventional fixed-time and fixed end-point OCT in that the optimal temporal duration of laser pulses can also be optimized exactly. To show the usefulness of our theory, it is applied to the generation and maintenance of the vibrational entanglement of carbon monoxide adsorbed on the copper (100) surface, CO/Cu(100). We demonstrate the numerical results and clarify how to combat vibrational decoherence as much as possible by the tailored shapes of the optimal laser pulses. It is expected that our theory will be general enough to be applied to a variety of dissipative quantum dynamics systems because the decoherence is one of the quantum phenomena sensitive to the temporal duration of the quantum dynamics.

A fast optimization algorithm for multicriteria intensity modulated proton therapy planning.

PubMed

Chen, Wei; Craft, David; Madden, Thomas M; Zhang, Kewu; Kooy, Hanne M; Herman, Gabor T

2010-09-01

To describe a fast projection algorithm for optimizing intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans and to describe and demonstrate the use of this algorithm in multicriteria IMPT planning. The authors develop a projection-based solver for a class of convex optimization problems and apply it to IMPT treatment planning. The speed of the solver permits its use in multicriteria optimization, where several optimizations are performed which span the space of possible treatment plans. The authors describe a plan database generation procedure which is customized to the requirements of the solver. The optimality precision of the solver can be specified by the user. The authors apply the algorithm to three clinical cases: A pancreas case, an esophagus case, and a tumor along the rib cage case. Detailed analysis of the pancreas case shows that the algorithm is orders of magnitude faster than industry-standard general purpose algorithms (MOSEK'S interior point optimizer, primal simplex optimizer, and dual simplex optimizer). Additionally, the projection solver has almost no memory overhead. The speed and guaranteed accuracy of the algorithm make it suitable for use in multicriteria treatment planning, which requires the computation of several diverse treatment plans. Additionally, given the low memory overhead of the algorithm, the method can be extended to include multiple geometric instances and proton range possibilities, for robust optimization.

Optimization of spatiotemporally fractionated radiotherapy treatments with bounds on the achievable benefit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gaddy, Melissa R.; Yıldız, Sercan; Unkelbach, Jan; Papp, Dávid

2018-01-01

Spatiotemporal fractionation schemes, that is, treatments delivering different dose distributions in different fractions, can potentially lower treatment side effects without compromising tumor control. This can be achieved by hypofractionating parts of the tumor while delivering approximately uniformly fractionated doses to the surrounding tissue. Plan optimization for such treatments is based on biologically effective dose (BED); however, this leads to computationally challenging nonconvex optimization problems. Optimization methods that are in current use yield only locally optimal solutions, and it has hitherto been unclear whether these plans are close to the global optimum. We present an optimization framework to compute rigorous bounds on the maximum achievable normal tissue BED reduction for spatiotemporal plans. The approach is demonstrated on liver tumors, where the primary goal is to reduce mean liver BED without compromising any other treatment objective. The BED-based treatment plan optimization problems are formulated as quadratically constrained quadratic programming (QCQP) problems. First, a conventional, uniformly fractionated reference plan is computed using convex optimization. Then, a second, nonconvex, QCQP model is solved to local optimality to compute a spatiotemporally fractionated plan that minimizes mean liver BED, subject to the constraints that the plan is no worse than the reference plan with respect to all other planning goals. Finally, we derive a convex relaxation of the second model in the form of a semidefinite programming problem, which provides a rigorous lower bound on the lowest achievable mean liver BED. The method is presented on five cases with distinct geometries. The computed spatiotemporal plans achieve 12-35% mean liver BED reduction over the optimal uniformly fractionated plans. This reduction corresponds to 79-97% of the gap between the mean liver BED of the uniform reference plans and our lower bounds on the lowest achievable mean liver BED. The results indicate that spatiotemporal treatments can achieve substantial reductions in normal tissue dose and BED, and that local optimization techniques provide high-quality plans that are close to realizing the maximum potential normal tissue dose reduction.

Quality indicators and specifications for strategic and support processes in laboratory medicine.

PubMed

Ricós, Carmen; Biosca, Carme; Ibarz, Mercè; Minchinela, Joana; Llopis, Maantonia; Perich, Carmen; Alsina, Jesus; Alvarez, Virtudes; Doménech, Vicenta; Pastor, Rosa Ma; Sansalvador, Mireia; Isern, Gloria Trujillo; Navarro, Conrad Vilanova

2008-01-01

This work is the second part of a study regarding indicators and quality specifications for the non-analytical processes in laboratory medicine. Five primary care and five hospital laboratories agreed on the indicators for two strategic processes (quality planning and project development) and various support processes (client relationships, instrument and infrastructure maintenance, safety and risk prevention, purchases and storage, personnel training). In the majority of cases, the median values recorded over 1 year is considered to be the state-of-the-art in our setting and proposed as the quality specification for the indicators stated. Values have been stratified according to primary care and hospital laboratory for referred tests and group of personnel for training. In some cases, the specifications have been set equal to zero events, such as serious incidents in the infrastructure maintenance process and number of work accidents in the safety and risk prevention process. In light of this study, an effort is needed to optimize decisions regarding corrective actions and to move from a subjective individual criterion to systematic and comparative management. This preliminary study provides a comprehensive vision of a subject that could motivate further research and advances in the quality of laboratory services.

Solid Waste Management Units And Areas Of Concern Annual Long-Term Monitoring & Maintenance Report For Calendar Year 2016.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dotson, Patrick Wells; Little, Bonnie Colleen

Long-term controls were maintained at 21 Solid Waste Management Units (SWMUs) and Areas of Concern (AOCs) in accordance with the requirements of the “Long-Term Monitoring and Maintenance Plan for SWMUs and AOCs Granted Corrective Action Complete with Controls” in Attachment M of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Operating Permit, which took effect February 26, 2015. Maintenance and controls at these SWMUs and AOCs are described and documented in this report. Conditions requiring maintenance or repair activities were not identified for any of the inspected SWMUs or AOCs. Based upon the inspections performed and site conditions observed, the administrativemore » and physical institutional controls in place at the SWMUs and AOCs are effectively providing continued protection of human health and the environment. This report does not present monitoring and maintenance activities for SWMU 76, the Mixed Waste Landfill; those activities adhere to the approved MWL LTMM Plan, Section 4.8.1 requiring a separate annual report which will be submitted to the NMED by June 30, 2017.« less

Predicting Physical Activity-Related Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Health Action Process Approach.

PubMed

Hattar, Anne; Pal, Sebely; Hagger, Martin S

2016-03-01

We tested the adequacy of a model based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) in predicting changes in psychological, body composition, and cardiovascular risk outcomes with respect to physical activity participation in overweight and obese adults. Measures of HAPA constructs (action and maintenance self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, action planning, risk perceptions, intentions, behaviour), psychological outcomes (quality of life, depression, anxiety, stress symptoms), body composition variables (body weight, body fat mass), cardiovascular risk measures (total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein), and self-reported physical activity behaviour were administered to participants (N = 74) at baseline, and 6 and 12 weeks later. Data were analysed using variance-based structural equation modelling with residualised change scores for HAPA variables. The model revealed effects of action self-efficacy and outcome expectancies on physical activity intentions, action self-efficacy on maintenance self-efficacy, and maintenance self-efficacy and intentions on action planning. Intention predicted psychological and body composition outcomes indirectly through physical activity behaviour. Action planning was a direct predictor of psychological, cardiovascular, and body composition outcomes. Data supported HAPA hypotheses in relation to intentions and behaviour, but not the role of action planning as a mediator of the intention-behaviour relationship. Action planning predicted outcomes independent of intentions and behaviour. © 2016 The International Association of Applied Psychology.

40 CFR 230.94 - Planning and documentation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...-sections), watershed size, design discharge, and riparian area plantings. (8) Maintenance plan. A... sustainability of the resource, including long-term financing mechanisms and the party responsible for long-term...

7 CFR 1730.20 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... and maintaining an Emergency Restoration Plan (ERP), maintaining records of the physical, cyber and... ELECTRIC SYSTEM OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE Operations and Maintenance Requirements § 1730.20 General. Each... and maintain its system in compliance with prudent utility practice, in compliance with its loan...

7 CFR 1730.20 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... and maintaining an Emergency Restoration Plan (ERP), maintaining records of the physical, cyber and... ELECTRIC SYSTEM OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE Operations and Maintenance Requirements § 1730.20 General. Each... and maintain its system in compliance with prudent utility practice, in compliance with its loan...

7 CFR 1730.20 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... and maintaining an Emergency Restoration Plan (ERP), maintaining records of the physical, cyber and... ELECTRIC SYSTEM OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE Operations and Maintenance Requirements § 1730.20 General. Each... and maintain its system in compliance with prudent utility practice, in compliance with its loan...

7 CFR 1730.20 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... and maintaining an Emergency Restoration Plan (ERP), maintaining records of the physical, cyber and... ELECTRIC SYSTEM OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE Operations and Maintenance Requirements § 1730.20 General. Each... and maintain its system in compliance with prudent utility practice, in compliance with its loan...

Safer construction and maintenance practices to minimize potential liability by counties from accidents.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-09-01

Tort claims resulting from alleged highway defects have introduced : an additional element in the planning, design, construction, and maintenance : of highways. A survey of county governments in Iowa was undertaken : in order to quantify the magnitud...

49 CFR 1180.8 - Operational data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... any deferred maintenance or delayed capital improvements on any road or equipment properties involved... consolidations. (3) The anticipated equipment requirements of the proposed system, including locomotives, rolling stock by type, and maintenance-of-way equipment; plans for acquisition and retirement of equipment...

49 CFR 1180.8 - Operational data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... any deferred maintenance or delayed capital improvements on any road or equipment properties involved... consolidations. (3) The anticipated equipment requirements of the proposed system, including locomotives, rolling stock by type, and maintenance-of-way equipment; plans for acquisition and retirement of equipment...

Vehicle Emission Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) Provision in the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This document is a memorandum regarding Vehicle Emission Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) Provision in Fixing America's Surface Transportation (FAST) Act, which provides long-term funding certainty for surface transportation infrastructure planning

Iterative dataset optimization in automated planning: Implementation for breast and rectal cancer radiotherapy.

PubMed

Fan, Jiawei; Wang, Jiazhou; Zhang, Zhen; Hu, Weigang

2017-06-01

To develop a new automated treatment planning solution for breast and rectal cancer radiotherapy. The automated treatment planning solution developed in this study includes selection of the iterative optimized training dataset, dose volume histogram (DVH) prediction for the organs at risk (OARs), and automatic generation of clinically acceptable treatment plans. The iterative optimized training dataset is selected by an iterative optimization from 40 treatment plans for left-breast and rectal cancer patients who received radiation therapy. A two-dimensional kernel density estimation algorithm (noted as two parameters KDE) which incorporated two predictive features was implemented to produce the predicted DVHs. Finally, 10 additional new left-breast treatment plans are re-planned using the Pinnacle 3 Auto-Planning (AP) module (version 9.10, Philips Medical Systems) with the objective functions derived from the predicted DVH curves. Automatically generated re-optimized treatment plans are compared with the original manually optimized plans. By combining the iterative optimized training dataset methodology and two parameters KDE prediction algorithm, our proposed automated planning strategy improves the accuracy of the DVH prediction. The automatically generated treatment plans using the dose derived from the predicted DVHs can achieve better dose sparing for some OARs without compromising other metrics of plan quality. The proposed new automated treatment planning solution can be used to efficiently evaluate and improve the quality and consistency of the treatment plans for intensity-modulated breast and rectal cancer radiation therapy. © 2017 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

Multivariable normal tissue complication probability model-based treatment plan optimization for grade 2-4 dysphagia and tube feeding dependence in head and neck radiotherapy.

PubMed

Kierkels, Roel G J; Wopken, Kim; Visser, Ruurd; Korevaar, Erik W; van der Schaaf, Arjen; Bijl, Hendrik P; Langendijk, Johannes A

2016-12-01

Radiotherapy of the head and neck is challenged by the relatively large number of organs-at-risk close to the tumor. Biologically-oriented objective functions (OF) could optimally distribute the dose among the organs-at-risk. We aimed to explore OFs based on multivariable normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models for grade 2-4 dysphagia (DYS) and tube feeding dependence (TFD). One hundred head and neck cancer patients were studied. Additional to the clinical plan, two more plans (an OF DYS and OF TFD -plan) were optimized per patient. The NTCP models included up to four dose-volume parameters and other non-dosimetric factors. A fully automatic plan optimization framework was used to optimize the OF NTCP -based plans. All OF NTCP -based plans were reviewed and classified as clinically acceptable. On average, the Δdose and ΔNTCP were small comparing the OF DYS -plan, OF TFD -plan, and clinical plan. For 5% of patients NTCP TFD reduced >5% using OF TFD -based planning compared to the OF DYS -plans. Plan optimization using NTCP DYS - and NTCP TFD -based objective functions resulted in clinically acceptable plans. For patients with considerable risk factors of TFD, the OF TFD steered the optimizer to dose distributions which directly led to slightly lower predicted NTCP TFD values as compared to the other studied plans. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

A fast optimization approach for treatment planning of volumetric modulated arc therapy.

PubMed

Yan, Hui; Dai, Jian-Rong; Li, Ye-Xiong

2018-05-30

Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is widely used in clinical practice. It not only significantly reduces treatment time, but also produces high-quality treatment plans. Current optimization approaches heavily rely on stochastic algorithms which are time-consuming and less repeatable. In this study, a novel approach is proposed to provide a high-efficient optimization algorithm for VMAT treatment planning. A progressive sampling strategy is employed for beam arrangement of VMAT planning. The initial beams with equal-space are added to the plan in a coarse sampling resolution. Fluence-map optimization and leaf-sequencing are performed for these beams. Then, the coefficients of fluence-maps optimization algorithm are adjusted according to the known fluence maps of these beams. In the next round the sampling resolution is doubled and more beams are added. This process continues until the total number of beams arrived. The performance of VMAT optimization algorithm was evaluated using three clinical cases and compared to those of a commercial planning system. The dosimetric quality of VMAT plans is equal to or better than the corresponding IMRT plans for three clinical cases. The maximum dose to critical organs is reduced considerably for VMAT plans comparing to those of IMRT plans, especially in the head and neck case. The total number of segments and monitor units are reduced for VMAT plans. For three clinical cases, VMAT optimization takes < 5 min accomplished using proposed approach and is 3-4 times less than that of the commercial system. The proposed VMAT optimization algorithm is able to produce high-quality VMAT plans efficiently and consistently. It presents a new way to accelerate current optimization process of VMAT planning.

42 CFR 417.838 - Organization determinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Organization determinations. 417.838 Section 417... (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Health Care Prepayment Plans § 417.838 Organization determinations. (a) Actions that are...

Connected Vehicle Pilot Deployment Program Phase 1, Participant Training and Stakeholder Education Plan – Tampa (THEA).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-08-01

The Participant Training and Stakeholder Education Plan is a high-level plan for the recruitment and training of all automobile drivers, pedestrians, transit drivers, traffic management center (TMC) operators, and installation and maintenance technic...

Improving Navy Recruiting with the New Planned Resource Optimization Model With Experimental Design (PROM-WED)

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-01

RECRUITING WITH THE NEW PLANNED RESOURCE OPTIMIZATION MODEL WITH EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN (PROM-WED) by Allison R. Hogarth March 2017 Thesis...with the New Planned Resource Optimization Model With Experimental Design (PROM-WED) 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) Allison R. Hogarth 7. PERFORMING...has historically used a non -linear optimization model, the Planned Resource Optimization (PRO) model, to help inform decisions on the allocation of

[Skeletal anchorage in the past, today and tomorrow].

PubMed

Melsen, Birte; Dalstra, Michel

2017-03-01

Skeletal anchorage was not introduced as an alternative to conventional anchorage modalities. The first skeletal anchorage was a ligature through a hole in the infrazygomatic crest. This was replaced by surgical screws and finally the TADs, which were optimized with respect to the material and morphology, were developed. A bracket-like head allows for the use of the mini-implant as indirect anchorage, but should not be a tool for lost control resulting from badly planned biomechanics or failing compliance. Skeletal anchorage should serve as an adjunct to correct biomechanics, to enable treatments that could not be performed prior to the introduction of skeletal anchorage. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that temporary anchorage mini-screws help maintain bone density, height and width of alveolar processes in the extraction sites, and thus prevent the thinning of the alveolar ridge usually observed. In adult patients with degenerated dentitions the application of skeletal anchorage can allow for the displacement of teeth where no anchorage units are present, but also for the redevelopment and maintenance of atrophic alveolar bone. The basis for the optimal use of skeletal anchorage is that the correct line of action for the desired tooth displacement is defined and the necessary force system constructed either with the skeletal anchorage as direct or as indirect anchorage. After a period, during which osseointegrated implants were used as anchorage for tooth movement and bone maintenance, it was accepted that the mini-implants could serve also as anchorage for skeletal displacements avoiding loading of teeth. © EDP Sciences, SFODF, 2017.

Optimal Maintenance Works for the Aborshada Road in the Western Region of Libya

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Youssef, Medhat Abdelrahman; Elbasher, Abdelbary Altayb

2014-09-01

In this research, the condition of a road pavement was investigated for the Aborshada Road in the Gharian region of Libya to determine the optimal maintenance works. Previously, a simple engineering judgment was the only procedure followed by the Gharian municipal engineers for evaluating pavements and prioritizing maintenance. The surface condition of the Aborshada Road pavement was investigated using "the Pavement Condition Index (PCI)" visual technique. The pavement was inspected to survey the different distresses in each sample unit. Ninteen pavement distresses were classified according to the PCI standards (PCI for roads and parking lots became an ASTM standard in 2007 (D6433-07)). It was necessary to know the most common distresses of the Aborshada Road to provide assistance for the decision maker in his evaluation of the pavement and the optimum repair method to be selected. This study reveals the actual performance of the pavements and suggests the research required for dealing with the pavement maintenance problem in Libya, especially in the western region. The best maintenance alternative for Aborshada Road was Case No. 3 (Potholes, Long. & Trans. Cracking and Alligator Crack Maintenance). Also, the most common pavement distresses on the Aborshada Road were Distress Nos. 1, 3, 6, 7, 10 and 13 according to the ASTM - D6433-07 classification

Determining optimal preventive maintenance interval for component of Well Barrier Element in an Oil & Gas Company

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siswanto, A.; Kurniati, N.

2018-04-01

An oil and gas company has 2,268 oil and gas wells. Well Barrier Element (WBE) is installed in a well to protect human, prevent asset damage and minimize harm to the environment. The primary WBE component is Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve (SCSSV). The secondary WBE component is Christmas Tree Valves that consist of four valves i.e. Lower Master Valve (LMV), Upper Master Valve (UMV), Swab Valve (SV) and Wing Valve (WV). Current practice on WBE Preventive Maintenance (PM) program is conducted by considering the suggested schedule as stated on manual. Corrective Maintenance (CM) program is conducted when the component fails unexpectedly. Both PM and CM need cost and may cause production loss. This paper attempts to analyze the failure data and reliability based on historical data. Optimal PM interval is determined in order to minimize the total cost of maintenance per unit time. The optimal PM interval for SCSSV is 730 days, LMV is 985 days, UMV is 910 days, SV is 900 days and WV is 780 days. In average of all components, the cost reduction by implementing the suggested interval is 52%, while the reliability is improved by 4% and the availability is increased by 5%.

78 FR 16826 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Cleveland-Akron-Lorain and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-19

...-9790-1] Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Cleveland-Akron-Lorain and Columbus 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan Revisions to Approved Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets AGENCY... quality State Implementation Plans (SIPs) under the Clean Air Act to replace the previously approved motor...

Shifting Paradigms: Dine Build Harmony, Balance, and Community into the Planning Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolf, Sue; Morgan, Frank

2000-01-01

Western environmental planning processes generally exclude the public. At Dine College (Arizona), planning is inclusive of people, air, water, rocks, plants and animals. Its end goal, siihasin, is the long term health and maintenance of relationships and elements in the environment. Dine has established a planning course organized around the…

76 FR 57013 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Revised Motor...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-15

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Revised Motor Vehicle Emission Budgets for the... Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of West Virginia for the purpose of amending the 8-hour ozone maintenance plan for the Charleston, Huntington, Parkersburg, Weirton, and Wheeling 8-hour ozone...

40 CFR 52.673 - Approval status.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Idaho § 52.673 Approval status. With the exceptions set forth in this subpart, the Administrator approves Idaho's plan for the attainment and maintenance of the national...

40 CFR 52.623 - Approval status.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Hawaii § 52.623 Approval status. With the exceptions set forth in this subpart, the Administrator approves Hawaii's plan for attainment and maintenance of the national standards...

40 CFR 51.110 - Attainment and maintenance of national standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... PROGRAMS REQUIREMENTS FOR PREPARATION, ADOPTION, AND SUBMITTAL OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Control Strategy...) During developing of the plan, EPA encourages States to identify alternative control strategies, as well...

Cognitive ergonomics: the use of mind mapping tool in maintaining productive sector of a Brazilian paper company.

PubMed

Mattos, Diego; Mateus, José Roberto; Merino, Eugenio

2012-01-01

The use of mind maps as a method of building knowledge, planning, organizing activities and ideas can be seen in the literature related to ergonomics. The results of such use are relevant and its use in academic area found. However, regarding to its use in industrial environments, studies can't not be found. With this scenario, and based on the perception of the ergonomist about the importance of using methods such as mind maps in support of human cognition, it seems pertinent to its use in industry sectors whose cognitive demand requires. Given these assumptions, this study aimed to apply the method of Mind Maps in Productive Maintenance sector of a Brazilian paper. The Productive Maintenance sector in the Paper Industry has an important contribution to operational performance. With practical Predictive Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance and Corrective Maintenance, the industry advocates to make the machines to produce paper is not to stop producing when they are programmed to do so. Among the practices cited, the Preventive Maintenance is one that leads to pre-determined intervals in order to reduce the possibility of placing the equipment in a condition below the required level of acceptance. Therefore, this article aims to propose using the tool "mental maps" in order to collaborate in planning and implementation of preventive maintenance activities in the sector of mechanical maintenance of a pulp and paper industry in southern Brazil. The study investigated the maintenance sector through its employees, who went through training about the tool and then use it and ergonomists company.

Game-Theoretic Models for Usage-based Maintenance Contract

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Husniah, H.; Wangsaputra, R.; Cakravastia, A.; Iskandar, B. P.

2018-03-01

A usage-based maintenance contracts with coordination and non coordination between two parties is studied in this paper. The contract is applied to a dump truck operated in a mining industry. The situation under study is that an agent offers service contract to the owner of the truck after warranty ends. This contract has only a time limit but no usage limit. If the total usage per period exceeds the maximum usage allowed in the contract, then the owner will be charged an additional cost. In general, the agent (Original Equipment Manufacturer/OEM) provides a full coverage of maintenance, which includes PM and CM under the lease contract. The decision problem for the owner is to select the best option offered that fits to its requirement, and the decision problem for the agent is to find the optimal maintenance efforts for a given price of the service option offered. We first find the optimal decisions using coordination scheme and then with non coordination scheme for both parties.

Plant maintenance and advanced reactors issue, 2004

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Agnihotri, Newal

2004-09-15

The focus of the September-October issue is on plant maintenance and advanced reactors. Major articles/reports in this issue include: Optimism about the future of nuclear power, by Ruth G. Shaw, Duke Power Company; Licensed in three countries, by GE Energy; Enhancing public acceptance, by Westinghouse Electric Company; Standardized MOV program, by Ted Neckowicz, Exelon; Inservice testing, by Steven Unikewicz, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission; Asian network for education, Fatimah Mohd Amin, Malaysian Institute for Nuclear Technology Research; and, Cooling water intake optimization, by Jeffrey M. Jones and Bert Mayer, P.E., Framatome ANP.

An enhanced reliability-oriented workforce planning model for process industry using combined fuzzy goal programming and differential evolution approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ighravwe, D. E.; Oke, S. A.; Adebiyi, K. A.

2018-03-01

This paper draws on the "human reliability" concept as a structure for gaining insight into the maintenance workforce assessment in a process industry. Human reliability hinges on developing the reliability of humans to a threshold that guides the maintenance workforce to execute accurate decisions within the limits of resources and time allocations. This concept offers a worthwhile point of deviation to encompass three elegant adjustments to literature model in terms of maintenance time, workforce performance and return-on-workforce investments. These fully explain the results of our influence. The presented structure breaks new grounds in maintenance workforce theory and practice from a number of perspectives. First, we have successfully implemented fuzzy goal programming (FGP) and differential evolution (DE) techniques for the solution of optimisation problem in maintenance of a process plant for the first time. The results obtained in this work showed better quality of solution from the DE algorithm compared with those of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimisation algorithm, thus expressing superiority of the proposed procedure over them. Second, the analytical discourse, which was framed on stochastic theory, focusing on specific application to a process plant in Nigeria is a novelty. The work provides more insights into maintenance workforce planning during overhaul rework and overtime maintenance activities in manufacturing systems and demonstrated capacity in generating substantially helpful information for practice.

Feasibility study of using statistical process control to customized quality assurance in proton therapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rah, Jeong-Eun; Oh, Do Hoon; Shin, Dongho

Purpose: To evaluate and improve the reliability of proton quality assurance (QA) processes and, to provide an optimal customized tolerance level using the statistical process control (SPC) methodology. Methods: The authors investigated the consistency check of dose per monitor unit (D/MU) and range in proton beams to see whether it was within the tolerance level of the daily QA process. This study analyzed the difference between the measured and calculated ranges along the central axis to improve the patient-specific QA process in proton beams by using process capability indices. Results: The authors established a customized tolerance level of ±2% formore » D/MU and ±0.5 mm for beam range in the daily proton QA process. In the authors’ analysis of the process capability indices, the patient-specific range measurements were capable of a specification limit of ±2% in clinical plans. Conclusions: SPC methodology is a useful tool for customizing the optimal QA tolerance levels and improving the quality of proton machine maintenance, treatment delivery, and ultimately patient safety.« less

Large Aircraft Robotic Paint Stripping (LARPS) system and the high pressure water process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

See, David W.; Hofacker, Scott A.; Stone, M. Anthony; Harbaugh, Darcy

1993-03-01

The aircraft maintenance industry is beset by new Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines on air emissions, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards, dwindling labor markets, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) safety guidelines, and increased operating costs. In light of these factors, the USAF's Wright Laboratory Manufacturing Technology Directorate and the Aircraft Division of the Oklahoma City Air Logistics Center initiated a MANTECH/REPTECH effort to automate an alternate paint removal method and eliminate the current manual methylene chloride chemical stripping methods. This paper presents some of the background and history of the LARPS program, describes the LARPS system, documents the projected operational flow, quantifies some of the projected system benefits and describes the High Pressure Water Stripping Process. Certification of an alternative paint removal method to replace the current chemical process is being performed in two phases: Process Optimization and Process Validation. This paper also presents the results of the Process Optimization for metal substrates. Data on the coating removal rate, residual stresses, surface roughness, preliminary process envelopes, and technical plans for process Validation Testing will be discussed.

Noncoplanar VMAT for nasopharyngeal tumors: Plan quality versus treatment time.

PubMed

Wild, Esther; Bangert, Mark; Nill, Simeon; Oelfke, Uwe

2015-05-01

The authors investigated the potential of optimized noncoplanar irradiation trajectories for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatments of nasopharyngeal patients and studied the trade-off between treatment plan quality and delivery time in radiation therapy. For three nasopharyngeal patients, the authors generated treatment plans for nine different delivery scenarios using dedicated optimization methods. They compared these scenarios according to dose characteristics, number of beam directions, and estimated delivery times. In particular, the authors generated the following treatment plans: (1) a 4π plan, which is a not sequenced, fluence optimized plan that uses beam directions from approximately 1400 noncoplanar directions and marks a theoretical upper limit of the treatment plan quality, (2) a coplanar 2π plan with 72 coplanar beam directions as pendant to the noncoplanar 4π plan, (3) a coplanar VMAT plan, (4) a coplanar step and shoot (SnS) plan, (5) a beam angle optimized (BAO) coplanar SnS IMRT plan, (6) a noncoplanar BAO SnS plan, (7) a VMAT plan with rotated treatment couch, (8) a noncoplanar VMAT plan with an optimized great circle around the patient, and (9) a noncoplanar BAO VMAT plan with an arbitrary trajectory around the patient. VMAT using optimized noncoplanar irradiation trajectories reduced the mean and maximum doses in organs at risk compared to coplanar VMAT plans by 19% on average while the target coverage remains constant. A coplanar BAO SnS plan was superior to coplanar SnS or VMAT; however, noncoplanar plans like a noncoplanar BAO SnS plan or noncoplanar VMAT yielded a better plan quality than the best coplanar 2π plan. The treatment plan quality of VMAT plans depended on the length of the trajectory. The delivery times of noncoplanar VMAT plans were estimated to be 6.5 min in average; 1.6 min longer than a coplanar plan but on average 2.8 min faster than a noncoplanar SnS plan with comparable treatment plan quality. The authors' study reconfirms the dosimetric benefits of noncoplanar irradiation of nasopharyngeal tumors. Both SnS using optimized noncoplanar beam ensembles and VMAT using an optimized, arbitrary, noncoplanar trajectory enabled dose reductions in organs at risk compared to coplanar SnS and VMAT. Using great circles or simple couch rotations to implement noncoplanar VMAT, however, was not sufficient to yield meaningful improvements in treatment plan quality. The authors estimate that noncoplanar VMAT using arbitrary optimized irradiation trajectories comes at an increased delivery time compared to coplanar VMAT yet at a decreased delivery time compared to noncoplanar SnS IMRT.

43 CFR 1610.5-4 - Maintenance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Maintenance. 1610.5-4 Section 1610.5-4 Public Lands: Interior Regulations Relating to Public Lands (Continued) BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GENERAL MANAGEMENT (1000) PLANNING, PROGRAMMING, BUDGETING Resource Management...

48 CFR 208.7400 - Scope of subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... OF DEFENSE ACQUISITION PLANNING REQUIRED SOURCES OF SUPPLIES AND SERVICES Enterprise Software... commercial software and software maintenance, including software and software maintenance that is acquired— (a) As part of a system or system upgrade, where practicable; (b) Under a service contract; (c) Under...

42 CFR 417.402 - Effective date of initial regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS, AND HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Qualifying Conditions for Medicare Contracts § 417.402 Effective date of... implementing regulations. (b) No new cost plan contracts are accepted by CMS. CMS will, however, accept and...

0-6683 : develop a pavement project evaluation index to support the 4-year pavement management plan.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-08-01

A pavement management plan (PMP) identifies : candidate maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) : projects for a particular roadway network over a : multi-year planning period. The PMP is a living : document because projects are reevaluated and : reprio...

Further Automate Planned Cluster Maintenance to Minimize System Downtime during Maintenance Windows

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Springmeyer, R.

This report documents the integration and testing of the automated update process of compute clusters in LC to minimize impact to user productivity. Description: A set of scripts will be written and deployed to further standardize cluster maintenance activities and minimize downtime during planned maintenance windows. Completion Criteria: When the scripts have been deployed and used during planned maintenance windows and a timing comparison is completed between the existing process and the new more automated process, this milestone is complete. This milestone was completed on Aug 23, 2016 on the new CTS1 cluster called Jade when a request to upgrademore » the version of TOSS 3 was initiated while SWL jobs and normal user jobs were running. Jobs that were running when the update to the system began continued to run to completion. New jobs on the cluster started on the new release of TOSS 3. No system administrator action was required. Current update procedures in TOSS 2 begin by killing all users jobs. Then all diskfull nodes are updated, which can take a few hours. Only after the updates are applied are all nodes are rebooted, and then finally put back into service. A system administrator is required for all steps. In terms of human time spent during a cluster OS update, the TOSS 3 automated procedure on Jade took 0 FTE hours. Doing the same update without the Toss Update Tool would have required 4 FTE hours.« less

An assessment of the social cognitive predictors of exclusive breastfeeding behavior using the Health Action Process Approach.

PubMed

Martinez-Brockman, J L; Shebl, F M; Harari, N; Pérez-Escamilla, R

2017-06-01

In the United States rates of exclusive breastfeeding duration remain exceedingly low. Exclusive breastfeeding is a complex learned behavior that is influenced by social cognitive, interpersonal, and structural factors. Interventions are needed that address factors at multiple levels of the social-ecological model. This study was designed to examine the social cognitive predictors of exclusive breastfeeding behavior in a sample of low-income women attending the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) breastfeeding peer counseling program and enrolled in the Lactation Advice Through Texting Can Help (LATCH) study. The objectives were to examine whether: (1) the theoretical model, the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA), fit the data well; (2) planning mediated the effect of intentions and maintenance self-efficacy on exclusive breastfeeding; and (3) recovery self-efficacy mediated the association between maintenance self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding behavior. Outcome expectancies, action self-efficacy and intentions were assessed prenatally at baseline in N = 119 participants. Maintenance self-efficacy, planning, recovery self-efficacy and breastfeeding behavior were measured at two weeks post partum. Structural equation modeling with mean and variance adjusted Weighted Least Squares estimation was used to examine the applicability of the HAPA model to the data. Phase specific self-efficacy and planning significantly predicted exclusive breastfeeding status. Planning and recovery self-efficacy mediated the association between maintenance self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding. Planning did not emerge as a mediator between intentions and behavior. These results demonstrate the utility of the HAPA model in predicting exclusive breastfeeding behavior among low-income women attending WIC. LATCH is a theoretically sound text messaging intervention that can be used to augment and reinforce the WIC breastfeeding peer counseling process. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cyber situational awareness and differential hardening

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dwivedi, Anurag; Tebben, Dan

2012-06-01

The advent of cyber threats has created a need for a new network planning, design, architecture, operations, control, situational awareness, management, and maintenance paradigms. Primary considerations include the ability to assess cyber attack resiliency of the network, and rapidly detect, isolate, and operate during deliberate simultaneous attacks against the network nodes and links. Legacy network planning relied on automatic protection of a network in the event of a single fault or a very few simultaneous faults in mesh networks, but in the future it must be augmented to include improved network resiliency and vulnerability awareness to cyber attacks. Ability to design a resilient network requires the development of methods to define, and quantify the network resiliency to attacks, and to be able to develop new optimization strategies for maintaining operations in the midst of these newly emerging cyber threats. Ways to quantify resiliency, and its use in visualizing cyber vulnerability awareness and in identifying node or link criticality, are presented in the current work, as well as a methodology of differential network hardening based on the criticality profile of cyber network components.

Robust optimization in lung treatment plans accounting for geometric uncertainty.

PubMed

Zhang, Xin; Rong, Yi; Morrill, Steven; Fang, Jian; Narayanasamy, Ganesh; Galhardo, Edvaldo; Maraboyina, Sanjay; Croft, Christopher; Xia, Fen; Penagaricano, Jose

2018-05-01

Robust optimization generates scenario-based plans by a minimax optimization method to find optimal scenario for the trade-off between target coverage robustness and organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing. In this study, 20 lung cancer patients with tumors located at various anatomical regions within the lungs were selected and robust optimization photon treatment plans including intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans were generated. The plan robustness was analyzed using perturbed doses with setup error boundary of ±3 mm in anterior/posterior (AP), ±3 mm in left/right (LR), and ±5 mm in inferior/superior (IS) directions from isocenter. Perturbed doses for D 99 , D 98 , and D 95 were computed from six shifted isocenter plans to evaluate plan robustness. Dosimetric study was performed to compare the internal target volume-based robust optimization plans (ITV-IMRT and ITV-VMAT) and conventional PTV margin-based plans (PTV-IMRT and PTV-VMAT). The dosimetric comparison parameters were: ITV target mean dose (D mean ), R 95 (D 95 /D prescription ), Paddick's conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), monitor unit (MU), and OAR doses including lung (D mean , V 20 Gy and V 15 Gy ), chest wall, heart, esophagus, and maximum cord doses. A comparison of optimization results showed the robust optimization plan had better ITV dose coverage, better CI, worse HI, and lower OAR doses than conventional PTV margin-based plans. Plan robustness evaluation showed that the perturbed doses of D 99 , D 98 , and D 95 were all satisfied at least 99% of the ITV to received 95% of prescription doses. It was also observed that PTV margin-based plans had higher MU than robust optimization plans. The results also showed robust optimization can generate plans that offer increased OAR sparing, especially for normal lungs and OARs near or abutting the target. Weak correlation was found between normal lung dose and target size, and no other correlation was observed in this study. © 2018 University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

Army Corps of Engineers: Action Needed to Ensure the Quality of Maintenance Dredging Contract Cost Data

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

planning, awarding, and administering maintenance dredging contracts with industry . 8For more information on hopper dredging, see GAO, Army Corps of...miles of waterways and hundreds of ports of harbors. The Corps conducts maintenance dredging primarily under contract with private industry to...headquarters, divisions, and districts (selected for geographic variation and range of dredging work) and dredging industry stakeholders. What

A two‐point scheme for optimal breast IMRT treatment planning

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

We propose an approach to determining optimal beam weights in breast/chest wall IMRT treatment plans. The goal is to decrease breathing effect and to maximize skin dose if the skin is included in the target or, otherwise, to minimize the skin dose. Two points in the target are utilized to calculate the optimal weights. The optimal plan (i.e., the plan with optimal beam weights) consists of high energy unblocked beams, low energy unblocked beams, and IMRT beams. Six breast and five chest wall cases were retrospectively planned with this scheme in Eclipse, including one breast case where CTV was contoured by the physician. Compared with 3D CRT plans composed of unblocked and field‐in‐field beams, the optimal plans demonstrated comparable or better dose uniformity, homogeneity, and conformity to the target, especially at beam junction when supraclavicular nodes are involved. Compared with nonoptimal plans (i.e., plans with nonoptimized weights), the optimal plans had better dose distributions at shallow depths close to the skin, especially in cases where breathing effect was taken into account. This was verified with experiments using a MapCHECK device attached to a motion simulation table (to mimic motion caused by breathing). PACS number: 87.55 de PMID:24257291

Optimizing work zones for highway maintenance with floating car data (FCD) : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-12-01

One of the main tools that the Department of Transportation (DOT) of each state in the United States should have to : support their work zone activities is a sound model that produces adequate work zone schedules for roadway maintenance : and constru...

Community Maintenance Programs for Sexual Offenders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Youssef, Carollyne

2013-01-01

While optimism regarding the treatment of sexual offenders has increased over the past couple of decades, research into the factors that assist offenders in maintaining therapeutic changes remains in the dark. Maintenance programs for offenders, while theoretically appearing to have a solid place in offender rehabilitation, surprisingly have not…

24 CFR 968.315 - Comprehensive Plan (including five-year action plan).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... for the development, except for emergencies and essential non-routine maintenance necessary to... undertaken by the PHA in major work categories (e.g., kitchens, electrical systems, etc.); establishing...

Medicare Special Needs Plan (SNP)

MedlinePlus

... of Medicare Advantage Plan (like an HMO or PPO). Medicare SNPs limit membership to people with specific ... work Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS) Find someone to ...

Anatomical robust optimization to account for nasal cavity filling variation during intensity-modulated proton therapy: a comparison with conventional and adaptive planning strategies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

van de Water, Steven; Albertini, Francesca; Weber, Damien C.; Heijmen, Ben J. M.; Hoogeman, Mischa S.; Lomax, Antony J.

2018-01-01

The aim of this study is to develop an anatomical robust optimization method for intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) that accounts for interfraction variations in nasal cavity filling, and to compare it with conventional single-field uniform dose (SFUD) optimization and online plan adaptation. We included CT data of five patients with tumors in the sinonasal region. Using the planning CT, we generated for each patient 25 ‘synthetic’ CTs with varying nasal cavity filling. The robust optimization method available in our treatment planning system ‘Erasmus-iCycle’ was extended to also account for anatomical uncertainties by including (synthetic) CTs with varying patient anatomy as error scenarios in the inverse optimization. For each patient, we generated treatment plans using anatomical robust optimization and, for benchmarking, using SFUD optimization and online plan adaptation. Clinical target volume (CTV) and organ-at-risk (OAR) doses were assessed by recalculating the treatment plans on the synthetic CTs, evaluating dose distributions individually and accumulated over an entire fractionated 50 GyRBE treatment, assuming each synthetic CT to correspond to a 2 GyRBE fraction. Treatment plans were also evaluated using actual repeat CTs. Anatomical robust optimization resulted in adequate CTV doses (V95%  ⩾  98% and V107%  ⩽  2%) if at least three synthetic CTs were included in addition to the planning CT. These CTV requirements were also fulfilled for online plan adaptation, but not for the SFUD approach, even when applying a margin of 5 mm. Compared with anatomical robust optimization, OAR dose parameters for the accumulated dose distributions were on average 5.9 GyRBE (20%) higher when using SFUD optimization and on average 3.6 GyRBE (18%) lower for online plan adaptation. In conclusion, anatomical robust optimization effectively accounted for changes in nasal cavity filling during IMPT, providing substantially improved CTV and OAR doses compared with conventional SFUD optimization. OAR doses can be further reduced by using online plan adaptation.

iCycle: Integrated, multicriterial beam angle, and profile optimization for generation of coplanar and noncoplanar IMRT plans

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Breedveld, Sebastiaan; Storchi, Pascal R. M.; Voet, Peter W. J.

2012-02-15

Purpose: To introduce iCycle, a novel algorithm for integrated, multicriterial optimization of beam angles, and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) profiles. Methods: A multicriterial plan optimization with iCycle is based on a prescription called wish-list, containing hard constraints and objectives with ascribed priorities. Priorities are ordinal parameters used for relative importance ranking of the objectives. The higher an objective priority is, the higher the probability that the corresponding objective will be met. Beam directions are selected from an input set of candidate directions. Input sets can be restricted, e.g., to allow only generation of coplanar plans, or to avoid collisions betweenmore » patient/couch and the gantry in a noncoplanar setup. Obtaining clinically feasible calculation times was an important design criterium for development of iCycle. This could be realized by sequentially adding beams to the treatment plan in an iterative procedure. Each iteration loop starts with selection of the optimal direction to be added. Then, a Pareto-optimal IMRT plan is generated for the (fixed) beam setup that includes all so far selected directions, using a previously published algorithm for multicriterial optimization of fluence profiles for a fixed beam arrangement Breedveld et al.[Phys. Med. Biol. 54, 7199-7209 (2009)]. To select the next direction, each not yet selected candidate direction is temporarily added to the plan and an optimization problem, derived from the Lagrangian obtained from the just performed optimization for establishing the Pareto-optimal plan, is solved. For each patient, a single one-beam, two-beam, three-beam, etc. Pareto-optimal plan is generated until addition of beams does no longer result in significant plan quality improvement. Plan generation with iCycle is fully automated. Results: Performance and characteristics of iCycle are demonstrated by generating plans for a maxillary sinus case, a cervical cancer patient, and a liver patient treated with SBRT. Plans generated with beam angle optimization did better meet the clinical goals than equiangular or manually selected configurations. For the maxillary sinus and liver cases, significant improvements for noncoplanar setups were seen. The cervix case showed that also in IMRT with coplanar setups, beam angle optimization with iCycle may improve plan quality. Computation times for coplanar plans were around 1-2 h and for noncoplanar plans 4-7 h, depending on the number of beams and the complexity of the site. Conclusions: Integrated beam angle and profile optimization with iCycle may result in significant improvements in treatment plan quality. Due to automation, the plan generation workload is minimal. Clinical application has started.« less

SU-E-T-618: Dosimetric Comparison of Manual and Beam Angle Optimization of Gantry Angles in IMRT for Cervical Cancer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lin, X; Sun, T; Liu, T

2014-06-01

Purpose: To evaluate the dosimetric characteristics of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatment plan with beam angle optimization. Methods: Ten post-operation patients with cervical cancer were included in this analysis. Two IMRT plans using seven beams were designed in each patient. A standard coplanar equi-space beam angles were used in the first plan (plan 1), whereas the selection of beam angle was optimized by beam angle optimization algorithm in Varian Eclipse treatment planning system for the same number of beams in the second plan (plan 2). Two plans were designed for each patient with the same dose-volume constraints and prescription dose. Allmore » plans were normalized to the mean dose to PTV. The dose distribution in the target, the dose to the organs at risk and total MU were compared. Results: For conformity and homogeneity in PTV, no statistically differences were observed in the two plans. For the mean dose in bladder, plan 2 were significantly lower than plan 1(p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between two plans for the mean doses in rectum, left and right femur heads. Compared with plan1, the average monitor units reduced 16% in plan 2. Conclusion: The IMRT plan based on beam angle optimization for cervical cancer could reduce the dose delivered to bladder and also reduce MU. Therefore there were some dosimetric advantages in the IMRT plan with beam angle optimization for cervical cancer.« less

75 FR 34964 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Pennsylvania; Amendment to...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-21

... Architectural and Industrial Maintenance Coatings Regulations AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA... and Architectural and Industrial Maintenance Coatings Regulations. The revision amends 25 Pa. Code Chapter 130, Subchapters B and C (relating to consumer products and architectural and industrial...

40 CFR 63.7800 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... prepare and operate at all times according to a written operation and maintenance plan for each capture... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Integrated Iron and Steel...

40 CFR 63.7800 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... prepare and operate at all times according to a written operation and maintenance plan for each capture... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Integrated Iron and Steel...

40 CFR 63.7800 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... prepare and operate at all times according to a written operation and maintenance plan for each capture... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Integrated Iron and Steel...

40 CFR 63.7800 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... prepare and operate at all times according to a written operation and maintenance plan for each capture... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Integrated Iron and Steel...

40 CFR 63.7800 - What are my operation and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... prepare and operate at all times according to a written operation and maintenance plan for each capture... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES (CONTINUED) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Integrated Iron and Steel...

Notification: Effectiveness of EPA's Oversight of State Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Programs in Achieving Emission Reductions

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Project #OPE-FYI7-0018, May 5, 2017. The EPA OIG plans to begin preliminary research to determine whether EPA oversight has ensured that vehicle inspection and maintenance programs are effective and efficient in reducing vehicle emissions.

Can Peru's Rural Schools Be Agents for Quechua Language Maintenance?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hornberger, Nancy H.

1989-01-01

Draws on sociolinguistic literature and on an ethnographic study of language use and bilingual education in Quechua-speaking rural communities of Puno. Consider the roles of both language planning and the schools in achieving language maintenance for Quechua. (35 references) (Author/CB)

When Disaster Strikes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Douglas M.

2005-01-01

In a typical Continuity of Operation Plan (COOP) for a school or university, the primary objectives are the maintenance of life support and environmental health services. Often, schools and universities focus on responding to emergency events and place less emphasis on continuity planning. As a result, continuity-planning issues sometimes are not…

42 CFR 417.101 - Health benefits plan: Basic health services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Health benefits plan: Basic health services. 417.101 Section 417.101 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS...

42 CFR 417.101 - Health benefits plan: Basic health services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Health benefits plan: Basic health services. 417.101 Section 417.101 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL PLANS...

40 CFR 52.515 - Original identification of plan section.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) Amendments to Sections 8-2:702 (Definitions), 8-2:708 (Fuel Burning Particulate Emission) and 8-2:720..., submitted on December 6, 1983. (25) Plan revision, excluding the required vehicle emission inspection... Carbon Monoxide Attainment Plan consisting of an approvable vehicle emission inspection and maintenance...

Orbit Transfer Rocket Engine Technology Program: Advanced engine study, task D.1/D.3

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martinez, A.; Erickson, C.; Hines, B.

1986-01-01

Concepts for space maintainability of OTV engines were examined. An engine design was developed which was driven by space maintenance requirements and by a failure mode and effects (FME) analysis. Modularity within the engine was shown to offer cost benefits and improved space maintenance capabilities. Space operable disconnects were conceptualized for both engine change-out and for module replacement. Through FME mitigation the modules were conceptualized to contain the least reliable and most often replaced engine components. A preliminary space maintenance plan was developed around a controls and condition monitoring system using advanced sensors, controls, and condition monitoring concepts. A complete engine layout was prepared satisfying current vehicle requirements and utilizing projected component advanced technologies. A technology plan for developing the required technology was assembled.

Optimization for high-dose-rate brachytherapy of cervical cancer with adaptive simulated annealing and gradient descent.

PubMed

Yao, Rui; Templeton, Alistair K; Liao, Yixiang; Turian, Julius V; Kiel, Krystyna D; Chu, James C H

2014-01-01

To validate an in-house optimization program that uses adaptive simulated annealing (ASA) and gradient descent (GD) algorithms and investigate features of physical dose and generalized equivalent uniform dose (gEUD)-based objective functions in high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy for cervical cancer. Eight Syed/Neblett template-based cervical cancer HDR interstitial brachytherapy cases were used for this study. Brachytherapy treatment plans were first generated using inverse planning simulated annealing (IPSA). Using the same dwell positions designated in IPSA, plans were then optimized with both physical dose and gEUD-based objective functions, using both ASA and GD algorithms. Comparisons were made between plans both qualitatively and based on dose-volume parameters, evaluating each optimization method and objective function. A hybrid objective function was also designed and implemented in the in-house program. The ASA plans are higher on bladder V75% and D2cc (p=0.034) and lower on rectum V75% and D2cc (p=0.034) than the IPSA plans. The ASA and GD plans are not significantly different. The gEUD-based plans have higher homogeneity index (p=0.034), lower overdose index (p=0.005), and lower rectum gEUD and normal tissue complication probability (p=0.005) than the physical dose-based plans. The hybrid function can produce a plan with dosimetric parameters between the physical dose-based and gEUD-based plans. The optimized plans with the same objective value and dose-volume histogram could have different dose distributions. Our optimization program based on ASA and GD algorithms is flexible on objective functions, optimization parameters, and can generate optimized plans comparable with IPSA. Copyright © 2014 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Setting up an Asbestos Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Program

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Covers steps a buidling's O&M plan should including: appointing an asbestos program manager, inspecting the building, developing a plan, and if necessary selecting and implementing larger repair or abatement projects.

27. Photographic copy of Mezzanine Plan, Roof Plan and Details ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

27. Photographic copy of Mezzanine Plan, Roof Plan and Details (The Ballinger Company, April 12, 1955). In files of the City of Philadelphia, Division of Aviation, Terminal E, Philadelphia International Airport. Reprinted with permission of the Division of Aviation. - TWA Maintenance Hangar, South side of Tinicum Island Road, Philadelphia International Airport, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

Implementation of a dose gradient method into optimization of dose distribution in prostate cancer 3D-CRT plans

PubMed Central

Giżyńska, Marta K.; Kukołowicz, Paweł F.; Kordowski, Paweł

2014-01-01

Aim The aim of this work is to present a method of beam weight and wedge angle optimization for patients with prostate cancer. Background 3D-CRT is usually realized with forward planning based on a trial and error method. Several authors have published a few methods of beam weight optimization applicable to the 3D-CRT. Still, none on these methods is in common use. Materials and methods Optimization is based on the assumption that the best plan is achieved if dose gradient at ICRU point is equal to zero. Our optimization algorithm requires beam quality index, depth of maximum dose, profiles of wedged fields and maximum dose to femoral heads. The method was tested for 10 patients with prostate cancer, treated with the 3-field technique. Optimized plans were compared with plans prepared by 12 experienced planners. Dose standard deviation in target volume, and minimum and maximum doses were analyzed. Results The quality of plans obtained with the proposed optimization algorithms was comparable to that prepared by experienced planners. Mean difference in target dose standard deviation was 0.1% in favor of the plans prepared by planners for optimization of beam weights and wedge angles. Introducing a correction factor for patient body outline for dose gradient at ICRU point improved dose distribution homogeneity. On average, a 0.1% lower standard deviation was achieved with the optimization algorithm. No significant difference in mean dose–volume histogram for the rectum was observed. Conclusions Optimization shortens very much time planning. The average planning time was 5 min and less than a minute for forward and computer optimization, respectively. PMID:25337411

Spectrum orbit utilization program technical manual SOUP5 Version 3.8

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davidson, J.; Ottey, H. R.; Sawitz, P.; Zusman, F. S.

1984-01-01

The underlying engineering and mathematical models as well as the computational methods used by the SOUP5 analysis programs, which are part of the R2BCSAT-83 Broadcast Satellite Computational System, are described. Included are the algorithms used to calculate the technical parameters and references to the relevant technical literature. The system provides the following capabilities: requirements file maintenance, data base maintenance, elliptical satellite beam fitting to service areas, plan synthesis from specified requirements, plan analysis, and report generation/query. Each of these functions are briefly described.

Efficacy of robust optimization plan with partial-arc VMAT for photon volumetric-modulated arc therapy: A phantom study.

PubMed

Miura, Hideharu; Ozawa, Shuichi; Nagata, Yasushi

2017-09-01

This study investigated position dependence in planning target volume (PTV)-based and robust optimization plans using full-arc and partial-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). The gantry angles at the periphery, intermediate, and center CTV positions were 181°-180° (full-arc VMAT) and 181°-360° (partial-arc VMAT). A PTV-based optimization plan was defined by 5 mm margin expansion of the CTV to a PTV volume, on which the dose constraints were applied. The robust optimization plan consisted of a directly optimized dose to the CTV under a maximum-uncertainties setup of 5 mm. The prescription dose was normalized to the CTV D 99% (the minimum relative dose that covers 99% of the volume of the CTV) as an original plan. The isocenter was rigidly shifted at 1 mm intervals in the anterior-posterior (A-P), superior-inferior (S-I), and right-left (R-L) directions from the original position to the maximum-uncertainties setup of 5 mm in the original plan, yielding recalculated dose distributions. It was found that for the intermediate and center positions, the uncertainties in the D 99% doses to the CTV for all directions did not significantly differ when comparing the PTV-based and robust optimization plans (P > 0.05). For the periphery position, uncertainties in the D 99% doses to the CTV in the R-L direction for the robust optimization plan were found to be lower than those in the PTV-based optimization plan (P < 0.05). Our study demonstrated that a robust optimization plan's efficacy using partial-arc VMAT depends on the periphery CTV position. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

Mathematical Modelling of Liner Piston Maintenance Activity using Field Data to Minimize Overhauling Time and Human Energy Consumption

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Belkhode, Pramod Namdeorao

2017-06-01

Field data based model is proposed to reduce the overhauling time and human energy consumed in liner piston maintenance activity so as to increase the productivity of liner piston maintenance activity. The independent variables affecting the phenomenon such as anthropometric parameters of workers (Eastman Kodak Co. Ltd in Section VIA Appendix-A: Anthropometric Data. Ergonomic Design for People at Work, Van Nostrans Reinhold, New York, 1), workers parameters, specification of liner piston data, specification of tools used in liner piston maintenance activity, specification of solvents, axial clearance of big end bearing and bolt elongation, workstation data (Eastman Kodak Co. Ltd in Work Place Ergonomic Design for People at Work, Van Nostrans Reinhold, New York, 2) and extraneous variables, namely, temperature, humidity at workplace, illumination at workplace and noise at workplace (Eastman Kodak Co. Ltd in Chapter V Environment Ergonomic Design for People at Work, Van Nostrans Reinhold, New York, 3) are taken into account. The model is formulated for dependent variables of liner piston maintenance activity to minimize the overhauling time and human energy consumption so as to improve the productivity of liner piston maintenance activity. The developed model can predict the performance of liner piston maintenance activity which involves man and machine system (Schenck in Theories of Engineering Experimentation, Mc-Graw Hill, New York 4). The model is then optimized by optimization technique and the sensitivity analysis of the model has also been estimated.

Mount St. Helens, Washington Feasibility Report & Environmental Impact Statement. Volume 1: Main Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-12-01

Base Condition WITH-PROJECT CONDITION Single Retention Structure Identification of NED Plan Benefits - NED Plan SENSITIVITY OF NED PLAN TO...Downstream Actions COSTS OF THE PREFERRED PLAN BENEFITS OF THE PREFERRED PLAN Economic and Social Effects Prevention of Erosion Maintenance of...continued) TABLES Residual Damages Summary of Costs Preferred Alternative Sediment MOvement Net Average Annual NED Benefits Total Flood Damages Average

Developing a Predictive Model for Facility Repair Costs on United States Air Force Installations

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-01

repair activities at different times ( Durango & Madanat, 2002). Christian and Pandeya (1997) define maintenance as “the effort to keep a device or...Washington DC: Secretary of the Air Force, Financial Management. Durango , P. L., & Madanat, S. M. (2002). Optimal maintenance and repair policies in

Progress Toward Attractive Stellarators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Neilson, G H; Brown, T G; Gates, D A

The quasi-axisymmetric stellarator (QAS) concept offers a promising path to a more compact stellarator reactor, closer in linear dimensions to tokamak reactors than previous stellarator designs. Concept improvements are needed, however, to make it more maintainable and more compatible with high plant availability. Using the ARIES-CS design as a starting point, compact stellarator designs with improved maintenance characteristics have been developed. While the ARIES-CS features a through-the-port maintenance scheme, we have investigated configuration changes to enable a sector-maintenance approach, as envisioned for example in ARIES AT. Three approaches are reported. The first is to make tradeoffs within the QAS designmore » space, giving greater emphasis to maintainability criteria. The second approach is to improve the optimization tools to more accurately and efficiently target the physics properties of importance. The third is to employ a hybrid coil topology, so that the plasma shaping functions of the main coils are shared more optimally, either with passive conductors made of high-temperature superconductor or with local compensation coils, allowing the main coils to become simpler. Optimization tools are being improved to test these approaches.« less

Optimal pricing policies for services with consideration of facility maintenance costs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yeh, Ruey Huei; Lin, Yi-Fang

2012-06-01

For survival and success, pricing is an essential issue for service firms. This article deals with the pricing strategies for services with substantial facility maintenance costs. For this purpose, a mathematical framework that incorporates service demand and facility deterioration is proposed to address the problem. The facility and customers constitute a service system driven by Poisson arrivals and exponential service times. A service demand with increasing price elasticity and a facility lifetime with strictly increasing failure rate are also adopted in modelling. By examining the bidirectional relationship between customer demand and facility deterioration in the profit model, the pricing policies of the service are investigated. Then analytical conditions of customer demand and facility lifetime are derived to achieve a unique optimal pricing policy. The comparative statics properties of the optimal policy are also explored. Finally, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effects of parameter variations on the optimal pricing policy.

Space Telescope maintenance and refurbishment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Trucks, H. F.

1983-01-01

The Space Telescope (ST) represents a new concept regarding spaceborne astronomical observatories. Maintenance crews will be brought to the orbital worksite to make repairs and replace scientific instruments. For major overhauls the telescope can be temporarily returned to earth with the aid of the Shuttle. It will, thus, be possible to conduct astronomical studies with the ST for two decades or more. The five first-generation scientific instruments used with the ST include a wide field/planetary camera, a faint object camera, a faint object spectrograph, a high resolution spectrograph, and a high speed photometer. Attention is given to the optical telescope assembly, the support systems module, aspects of mission and science operations, unscheduled maintenance, contingency orbital maintenance, planned on-orbit maintenance, ground maintenance, ground refurbishment, and ground logistics.

Optimism and Planning for Future Care Needs among Older Adults

PubMed Central

Sörensen, Silvia; Hirsch, Jameson K.; Lyness, Jeffrey M.

2015-01-01

Aging is associated with an increase in need for assistance. Preparation for future care (PFC) is related to improved coping ability as well as better mental and physical health outcomes among older adults. We examined the association of optimism with components of PFC among older adults. We also explored race differences in the relationship between optimism and PFC. In Study 1, multiple regression showed that optimism was positively related to concrete planning. In Study 2, optimism was related to gathering information. An exploratory analysis combining the samples yielded a race interaction: For Whites higher optimism, but for Blacks lower optimism was associated with more planning. High optimism may be a barrier to future planning in certain social and cultural contexts. PMID:26045699

Noncoplanar VMAT for nasopharyngeal tumors: Plan quality versus treatment time

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wild, Esther, E-mail: e.wild@dkfz.de; Bangert, Mark; Nill, Simeon

Purpose: The authors investigated the potential of optimized noncoplanar irradiation trajectories for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatments of nasopharyngeal patients and studied the trade-off between treatment plan quality and delivery time in radiation therapy. Methods: For three nasopharyngeal patients, the authors generated treatment plans for nine different delivery scenarios using dedicated optimization methods. They compared these scenarios according to dose characteristics, number of beam directions, and estimated delivery times. In particular, the authors generated the following treatment plans: (1) a 4π plan, which is a not sequenced, fluence optimized plan that uses beam directions from approximately 1400 noncoplanar directionsmore » and marks a theoretical upper limit of the treatment plan quality, (2) a coplanar 2π plan with 72 coplanar beam directions as pendant to the noncoplanar 4π plan, (3) a coplanar VMAT plan, (4) a coplanar step and shoot (SnS) plan, (5) a beam angle optimized (BAO) coplanar SnS IMRT plan, (6) a noncoplanar BAO SnS plan, (7) a VMAT plan with rotated treatment couch, (8) a noncoplanar VMAT plan with an optimized great circle around the patient, and (9) a noncoplanar BAO VMAT plan with an arbitrary trajectory around the patient. Results: VMAT using optimized noncoplanar irradiation trajectories reduced the mean and maximum doses in organs at risk compared to coplanar VMAT plans by 19% on average while the target coverage remains constant. A coplanar BAO SnS plan was superior to coplanar SnS or VMAT; however, noncoplanar plans like a noncoplanar BAO SnS plan or noncoplanar VMAT yielded a better plan quality than the best coplanar 2π plan. The treatment plan quality of VMAT plans depended on the length of the trajectory. The delivery times of noncoplanar VMAT plans were estimated to be 6.5 min in average; 1.6 min longer than a coplanar plan but on average 2.8 min faster than a noncoplanar SnS plan with comparable treatment plan quality. Conclusions: The authors’ study reconfirms the dosimetric benefits of noncoplanar irradiation of nasopharyngeal tumors. Both SnS using optimized noncoplanar beam ensembles and VMAT using an optimized, arbitrary, noncoplanar trajectory enabled dose reductions in organs at risk compared to coplanar SnS and VMAT. Using great circles or simple couch rotations to implement noncoplanar VMAT, however, was not sufficient to yield meaningful improvements in treatment plan quality. The authors estimate that noncoplanar VMAT using arbitrary optimized irradiation trajectories comes at an increased delivery time compared to coplanar VMAT yet at a decreased delivery time compared to noncoplanar SnS IMRT.« less

Development and clinical introduction of automated radiotherapy treatment planning for prostate cancer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Winkel, D.; Bol, G. H.; van Asselen, B.; Hes, J.; Scholten, V.; Kerkmeijer, L. G. W.; Raaymakers, B. W.

2016-12-01

To develop an automated radiotherapy treatment planning and optimization workflow to efficiently create patient specifically optimized clinical grade treatment plans for prostate cancer and to implement it in clinical practice. A two-phased planning and optimization workflow was developed to automatically generate 77Gy 5-field simultaneously integrated boost intensity modulated radiation therapy (SIB-IMRT) plans for prostate cancer treatment. A retrospective planning study (n  =  100) was performed in which automatically and manually generated treatment plans were compared. A clinical pilot (n  =  21) was performed to investigate the usability of our method. Operator time for the planning process was reduced to  <5 min. The retrospective planning study showed that 98 plans met all clinical constraints. Significant improvements were made in the volume receiving 72Gy (V72Gy) for the bladder and rectum and the mean dose of the bladder and the body. A reduced plan variance was observed. During the clinical pilot 20 automatically generated plans met all constraints and 17 plans were selected for treatment. The automated radiotherapy treatment planning and optimization workflow is capable of efficiently generating patient specifically optimized and improved clinical grade plans. It has now been adopted as the current standard workflow in our clinic to generate treatment plans for prostate cancer.

The effect of statistical noise on IMRT plan quality and convergence for MC-based and MC-correction-based optimized treatment plans.

PubMed

Siebers, Jeffrey V

2008-04-04

Monte Carlo (MC) is rarely used for IMRT plan optimization outside of research centres due to the extensive computational resources or long computation times required to complete the process. Time can be reduced by degrading the statistical precision of the MC dose calculation used within the optimization loop. However, this eventually introduces optimization convergence errors (OCEs). This study determines the statistical noise levels tolerated during MC-IMRT optimization under the condition that the optimized plan has OCEs <100 cGy (1.5% of the prescription dose) for MC-optimized IMRT treatment plans.Seven-field prostate IMRT treatment plans for 10 prostate patients are used in this study. Pre-optimization is performed for deliverable beams with a pencil-beam (PB) dose algorithm. Further deliverable-based optimization proceeds using: (1) MC-based optimization, where dose is recomputed with MC after each intensity update or (2) a once-corrected (OC) MC-hybrid optimization, where a MC dose computation defines beam-by-beam dose correction matrices that are used during a PB-based optimization. Optimizations are performed with nominal per beam MC statistical precisions of 2, 5, 8, 10, 15, and 20%. Following optimizer convergence, beams are re-computed with MC using 2% per beam nominal statistical precision and the 2 PTV and 10 OAR dose indices used in the optimization objective function are tallied. For both the MC-optimization and OC-optimization methods, statistical equivalence tests found that OCEs are less than 1.5% of the prescription dose for plans optimized with nominal statistical uncertainties of up to 10% per beam. The achieved statistical uncertainty in the patient for the 10% per beam simulations from the combination of the 7 beams is ~3% with respect to maximum dose for voxels with D>0.5D(max). The MC dose computation time for the OC-optimization is only 6.2 minutes on a single 3 Ghz processor with results clinically equivalent to high precision MC computations.

78 FR 23586 - Final Environmental Impact Statement, Habitat Conservation Plan, and Implementing Agreement and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-19

...) from construction, operation, maintenance, and decommissioning associated with the Buckeye Wind Power... construction, operation, maintenance, and decommissioning of the project. The project consists of a 100-turbine... Draft Programmatic Agreement, Buckeye Wind Power Project, Champaign County, Ohio AGENCY: Fish and...

Development of standardized component\\0x2010based equipment specifications and transition plan into a predictive maintenance strategy.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-12-01

This project investigated INDOT equipment records and equipment industry standards to produce standard equipment specifications : and a predictive maintenance schedule for the more than 1100 single and tandem axle trucks in use at INDOT. The research...

Facilities Management: A Program for the 1980s.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaiser, Harvey H.

1980-01-01

Successful facilities management is described as based on a 10-point comprehensive program including: (1) physical planning policy; (2) facilities analysis; (3) management audit; (4) space utilization; (5) capital programs; (6) deferred maintenance; (7) controlled maintenance; (8) energy conservation; (9) environmental quality, health, and safety;…

40 CFR 63.6625 - What are my monitoring, installation, collection, operation, and maintenance requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., operate, and maintain a CEMS to monitor CO and either O2 or CO2 according to the requirements in... program must be part of the maintenance plan for the engine. (j) If you own or operate a stationary SI...

Preventive Maintenance Process

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ciaruffoli, Veronica; Bramley, Craig; Matteson, Mike

2001-01-01

The Preventive Maintenance (PM) program at Stennis Space Center (SSC) evolved from an ineffective and poorly organized state to a highly organized state in which it became capable of tracking equipment, planning jobs with man hour estimates, and supporting outsourcing. This viewgraph presentation traces the steps the program took to improve itself.

78 FR 58962 - Airworthiness Directives; The Boeing Company Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-25

...) and Certification Maintenance Requirements (CMRs) of Boeing 747-400 Maintenance Planning Data (MPD... that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by... access door is found, before further flight, replace with an impact-resistant access door, in accordance...

Construction and Maintenance of the Optimal Photosynthetic Systems of the Leaf, Herbaceous Plant and Tree: an Eco-developmental Treatise

PubMed Central

TERASHIMA, ICHIRO; ARAYA, TAKAO; MIYAZAWA, SHIN-ICHI; SONE, KOSEI; YANO, SATOSHI

2004-01-01

• Background and Aims The paper by Monsi and Saeki in 1953 (Japanese Journal of Botany 14: 22–52) was pioneering not only in mathematical modelling of canopy photosynthesis but also in eco-developmental studies of seasonal changes in leaf canopies. • Scope Construction and maintenance mechanisms of efficient photosynthetic systems at three different scaling levels—single leaves, herbaceous plants and trees—are reviewed mainly based on the nitrogen optimization theory. First, the nitrogen optimization theory with respect to the canopy and the single leaf is briefly introduced. Secondly, significance of leaf thickness in CO2 diffusion in the leaf and in leaf photosynthesis is discussed. Thirdly, mechanisms of adjustment of photosynthetic properties of the leaf within the herbaceous plant individual throughout its life are discussed. In particular, roles of sugar sensing, redox control and of cytokinin are highlighted. Finally, the development of a tree is considered. • Conclusions Various mechanisms contribute to construction and maintenance of efficient photosynthetic systems. Molecular backgrounds of these ecologically important mechanisms should be clarified. The construction mechanisms of the tree cannot be explained solely by the nitrogen optimization theory. It is proposed that the pipe model theory in its differential form could be a potential tool in future studies in this research area. PMID:15598701

42 CFR 417.407 - Requirements for a Competitive Medical Plan (CMP).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Requirements for a Competitive Medical Plan (CMP... AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL... Requirements for a Competitive Medical Plan (CMP). (a) General rule. To qualify as a CMP, an entity must be...

42 CFR 417.407 - Requirements for a Competitive Medical Plan (CMP).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Requirements for a Competitive Medical Plan (CMP... AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICARE PROGRAM HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS, COMPETITIVE MEDICAL... Requirements for a Competitive Medical Plan (CMP). (a) General rule. To qualify as a CMP, an entity must be...

40 CFR 52.2475 - Approval of plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on September 20, 2001 and November 22, 2004. (ii) EPA... Plan, adopted April 27, 2004 effective June 24, 2004, submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology... Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plan submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on April 25, 2007. (ii...

40 CFR 52.2475 - Approval of plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on September 20, 2001 and November 22, 2004. (ii) EPA... Plan, adopted April 27, 2004 effective June 24, 2004, submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology... Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plan submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on April 25, 2007. (ii...

Planning School Grounds for Outdoor Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wagner, Cheryl; Gordon, Douglas

2010-01-01

This publication covers the planning and design of school grounds for outdoor learning in new and existing K-12 facilities. Curriculum development as well as athletic field planning and maintenance are not covered although some references on these topics are provided. It discusses the different types of outdoor learning environments that can be…

40 CFR 52.2475 - Approval of plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on September 20, 2001 and November 22, 2004. (ii) EPA... Plan, adopted April 27, 2004 effective June 24, 2004, submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology... Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plan submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on April 25, 2007. (ii...

40 CFR 52.2475 - Approval of plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on September 20, 2001 and November 22, 2004. (ii) EPA... Plan, adopted April 27, 2004 effective June 24, 2004, submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology... Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plan submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on April 25, 2007. (ii...

40 CFR 52.2475 - Approval of plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on September 20, 2001 and November 22, 2004. (ii) EPA... Plan, adopted April 27, 2004 effective June 24, 2004, submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology... Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plan submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology on April 25, 2007. (ii...