24 CFR 26.23 - Public nature and timing of hearings; transcripts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Public nature and timing of hearings; transcripts. 26.23 Section 26.23 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary....23 Public nature and timing of hearings; transcripts. (a) Public hearings. All hearings in...

24 CFR 26.23 - Public nature and timing of hearings; transcripts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Public nature and timing of hearings; transcripts. 26.23 Section 26.23 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary....23 Public nature and timing of hearings; transcripts. (a) Public hearings. All hearings in...

IS SOLAR CYCLE 24 PRODUCING MORE CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS THAN CYCLE 23?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wang, Y.-M.; Colaninno, R., E-mail: yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil, E-mail: robin.colaninno@nrl.navy.mil

2014-04-01

Although sunspot numbers are roughly a factor of two lower in the current cycle than in cycle 23, the rate of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) appears to be at least as high in 2011-2013 as during the corresponding phase of the previous cycle, according to three catalogs that list events observed with the Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO). However, the number of CMEs detected is sensitive to such factors as the image cadence and the tendency (especially by human observers) to under-/overcount small or faint ejections during periods of high/low activity. In contrast to the total number, the totalmore » mass of CMEs is determined mainly by larger events. Using the mass measurements of 11,000 CMEs given in the manual CDAW catalog, we find that the mass loss rate remains well correlated with the sunspot number during cycle 24. In the case of the automated CACTus and SEEDS catalogs, the large increase in the number of CMEs during cycle 24 is almost certainly an artifact caused by the near-doubling of the LASCO image cadence after mid-2010. We confirm that fast CMEs undergo a much stronger solar-cycle variation than slow ones, and that the relative frequency of slow and less massive CMEs increases with decreasing sunspot number. We conclude that cycle 24 is not only producing fewer CMEs than cycle 23, but that these ejections also tend to be slower and less massive than those observed one cycle earlier.« less

26 CFR 1.23-4 - Performance and quality standards. [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Performance and quality standards. [Reserved] 1.23-4 Section 1.23-4 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES Changes in Rates During A Taxable Year § 1.23-4 Performance and quality standards. [Reserved...

26 CFR 31.3406(b)(2)-3 - Window transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Window transactions. 31.3406(b)(2)-3 Section 31... SOURCE Collection of Income Tax at Source § 31.3406(b)(2)-3 Window transactions. (a) Requirement to backup withhold. Withholding under section 3406 applies to a window transaction (as defined in paragraph...

7 CFR 248.26 - OMB control number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 248.26 Section 248.26 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS WIC FARMERS' MARKET NUTRITION PROGRAM (FMNP) Miscellaneous Provisions § 248.26...

7 CFR 248.26 - OMB control number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false OMB control number. 248.26 Section 248.26 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS WIC FARMERS' MARKET NUTRITION PROGRAM (FMNP) Miscellaneous Provisions § 248.26...

7 CFR 248.26 - OMB control number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false OMB control number. 248.26 Section 248.26 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS WIC FARMERS' MARKET NUTRITION PROGRAM (FMNP) Miscellaneous Provisions § 248.26...

7 CFR 248.26 - OMB control number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false OMB control number. 248.26 Section 248.26 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS WIC FARMERS' MARKET NUTRITION PROGRAM (FMNP) Miscellaneous Provisions § 248.26...

7 CFR 248.26 - OMB control number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control number. 248.26 Section 248.26 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS WIC FARMERS' MARKET NUTRITION PROGRAM (FMNP) Miscellaneous Provisions § 248.26...

Low-mass e+e- mass distributions from 1.23A GeV Au+Au collisions with HADES

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galatyuk, Tetyana; Hades Collaboration

2017-11-01

We present measurements of low-mass electron pairs for the Au+Au system based on a data sample of 2.6 billion events of the 40% most central collisions. In order to understand the microscopic structure of matter in the region of high baryochemical potential HADES pursues a strategy, which relies on systematic measurements of virtual photons emission in elementary and heavy-ion collisions. As of now, HADES has completed measurements of rare penetrating probes in p+p, n+p, C+C, p+Nb and Ar+KCl collisions. In continuation of a systematic investigation of the emissivity of strongly interacting matter, HADES has recently measured the dielectron emission in Au+Au collisions at 1.23A GeV beam energy. This measurement is part of the beam energy scan and marks lowest point in the excitation function of low-mass thermal dilepton radiation.

26 CFR 301.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 301.6109-1 Section 301... numbers. (a) In general—(1) Taxpayer identifying numbers—(i) Principal types. There are several types of taxpayer identifying numbers that include the following: social security numbers, Internal Revenue Service...

26 CFR 301.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 301.6109-1 Section 301... numbers. (a) In general—(1) Taxpayer identifying numbers—(i) Principal types. There are several types of taxpayer identifying numbers that include the following: social security numbers, Internal Revenue Service...

26 CFR 301.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 301.6109-1 Section 301... numbers. (a) In general—(1) Taxpayer identifying numbers—(i) Principal types. There are several types of taxpayer identifying numbers that include the following: social security numbers, Internal Revenue Service...

26 CFR 301.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 301.6109-1 Section 301... numbers. (a) In general—(1) Taxpayer identifying numbers—(i) Principal types. There are several types of taxpayer identifying numbers that include the following: social security numbers, Internal Revenue Service...

33 CFR 110.26 - Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass. 110.26 Section 110.26 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.26 Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead...

33 CFR 110.26 - Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass. 110.26 Section 110.26 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.26 Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead...

33 CFR 110.26 - Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass. 110.26 Section 110.26 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.26 Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead...

33 CFR 110.26 - Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass. 110.26 Section 110.26 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.26 Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead...

33 CFR 110.26 - Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead, Mass. 110.26 Section 110.26 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.26 Marblehead Harbor, Marblehead...

16 CFR 301.26 - Registered identification numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Registered identification numbers. 301.26... numbers. (a) Registered numbers for use as the required identification in lieu of the name on fur product... (d) of this section. (b)(1) Registered identification numbers shall be used only by the person or...

Vibrational modes of 2,6-, 2,7-, and 2,3-diisopropylnaphthalene. A DFT study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jamróz, Michał H.; Dobrowolski, Jan Cz.; Brzozowski, Robert

2006-04-01

The IR and Raman spectra of three diisopropylnaphthalene (DIPN) isomers, 2,6-; 2,7-, and 2,3-DIPN, were calculated at the B3PW91/6-311G* level and were interpreted in terms of potential energy distribution (PED) analysis. Two types of internal coordinates were constructed to increase clarity of the PED interpretation: one expressing movements in which at least one H-atom participated and the other in which only the C-atoms were active (60 and 42 coordinates, respectively). The internal coordinates were optimized repeatedly for few hundred times to maximize the PED contributions. The similarities and differences between the vibrational spectra of the three molecules studied were pointed out. The IR and Raman bands useful for detection of the unknown 2,3-DIPN isomer were proposed. Comparison of the experimental vibrational spectra of the 2,6-DIPN isomer with the B3PW91/6-311G* theoretical wavenumbers shows very good agreement: usually the two wave numbers are within 10 cm -1 interval. Such an agreement allows for almost undoubtful assignment of the vibrational spectra.

Relationship of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF-23) Serum Levels With Low Bone Mass in Postmenopausal Women.

PubMed

Shen, Jun; Fu, Shiping; Song, Yuan

2017-12-01

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) level and bone mass in postmenopausal women. A total of 60 premenopausal, 60 early postmenopausal, and 60 late postmenopausal women were investigated by the measurement of bone mineral densities (BMDs) at lumbar spine and proximal femur by DXA, together with serum concentrations of Ca, P, 25 (OH) D 3 , OC, iPTH, CTX-I, PINP, and FGF-23. The levels of FGF-23 and PINP in early postmenopausal group were significantly higher than that in the premenopausal or the late postmenopausal groups, their changing patterns were different form 25(OH)D 3, iPTH, IGF, CTX-I, and OC. According to the AUCs in the ROC analysis, we found that serum FGF-23 level was associated with the highest validity as compared to the other bone metabolism factors. Further study indicated the significant negative relationships between serum FGF-23 level and lumbar spine/proximal femur BMDs in postmenopausal women. After detection of the sensitivity and specificity of serum FGF- 23 for the low bone mass at different T-score (SD) lumbar spine/proximal femur BMDs, we found that serum FGF-23 level may be a reliable marker for low bone mass in postmenopausal women. The performance of FGF-23 in the differential diagnosis low bone mass from healthy participants indicated that FGF-23 has the capacity to differentiate the women with low bone mass from the normal ones. Our study indicated that serum FGF-23 level could be served as the utility in the early detection of women with low bone mass. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4454-4459, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

32 CFR 732.26 - Standard document numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 5 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Standard document numbers. 732.26 Section 732.26 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY PERSONNEL NONNAVAL MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE Accounting Classifications for Nonnaval Medical and Dental Care Expenses and Standard...

32 CFR 732.26 - Standard document numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 5 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Standard document numbers. 732.26 Section 732.26 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY PERSONNEL NONNAVAL MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE Accounting Classifications for Nonnaval Medical and Dental Care Expenses and Standard...

32 CFR 732.26 - Standard document numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Standard document numbers. 732.26 Section 732.26 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY PERSONNEL NONNAVAL MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE Accounting Classifications for Nonnaval Medical and Dental Care Expenses and Standard...

32 CFR 732.26 - Standard document numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 5 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Standard document numbers. 732.26 Section 732.26 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY PERSONNEL NONNAVAL MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE Accounting Classifications for Nonnaval Medical and Dental Care Expenses and Standard...

32 CFR 732.26 - Standard document numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 5 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Standard document numbers. 732.26 Section 732.26 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY PERSONNEL NONNAVAL MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE Accounting Classifications for Nonnaval Medical and Dental Care Expenses and Standard...

33 CFR 174.23 - Form of number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Form of number. 174.23 Section... of number. (a) Each number must consist of two capital letters denoting the State of the issuing... numerals followed by not more than three capital letters (example: WN 567 EFG). (b) A number suffix must...

33 CFR 174.23 - Form of number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Form of number. 174.23 Section... of number. (a) Each number must consist of two capital letters denoting the State of the issuing... numerals followed by not more than three capital letters (example: WN 567 EFG). (b) A number suffix must...

26 CFR 1.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 13 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 1.6109-1 Section 1.6109-1...) INCOME TAXES Miscellaneous Provisions § 1.6109-1 Identifying numbers. (a) Information to be furnished after April 15, 1974. For provisions concerning the requesting and furnishing of identifying numbers...

26 CFR 1.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 13 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 1.6109-1 Section 1.6109-1...) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Miscellaneous Provisions § 1.6109-1 Identifying numbers. (a) Information to be... numbers with respect to returns, statements, and other documents which must be filed after April 15, 1974...

26 CFR 1.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 13 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 1.6109-1 Section 1.6109-1...) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Miscellaneous Provisions § 1.6109-1 Identifying numbers. (a) Information to be... numbers with respect to returns, statements, and other documents which must be filed after April 15, 1974...

26 CFR 1.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 13 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 1.6109-1 Section 1.6109-1...) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Miscellaneous Provisions § 1.6109-1 Identifying numbers. (a) Information to be... numbers with respect to returns, statements, and other documents which must be filed after April 15, 1974...

26 CFR 1.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 13 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 1.6109-1 Section 1.6109-1...) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Miscellaneous Provisions § 1.6109-1 Identifying numbers. (a) Information to be... numbers with respect to returns, statements, and other documents which must be filed after April 15, 1974...

26 CFR 41.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 16 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 41.6109-1 Section 41.6109... Application to Tax On Use of Certain Highway Motor Vehicles § 41.6109-1 Identifying numbers. Every person required under § 41.6011(a)-1 to make a return must provide the identifying number required by the...

26 CFR 41.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 16 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Identifying numbers. 41.6109-1 Section 41.6109-1... Application to Tax On Use of Certain Highway Motor Vehicles § 41.6109-1 Identifying numbers. Every person required under § 41.6011(a)-1 to make a return must provide the identifying number required by the...

26 CFR 41.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 16 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 41.6109-1 Section 41.6109... Application to Tax On Use of Certain Highway Motor Vehicles § 41.6109-1 Identifying numbers. Every person required under § 41.6011(a)-1 to make a return must provide the identifying number required by the...

26 CFR 41.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 16 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Identifying numbers. 41.6109-1 Section 41.6109... Application to Tax On Use of Certain Highway Motor Vehicles § 41.6109-1 Identifying numbers. Every person required under § 41.6011(a)-1 to make a return must provide the identifying number required by the...

23 CFR 810.204 - Application by mass transit authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Application by mass transit authority. 810.204 Section... MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass Transit Projects § 810.204 Application by mass transit authority. A publicly-owned mass transit authority desiring...

26 CFR 301.7701-11 - Social security number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Social security number. 301.7701-11 Section 301... ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION Definitions § 301.7701-11 Social security number. For purposes of this chapter, the term social security number means the taxpayer identifying number of an individual or...

26 CFR 301.7701-11 - Social security number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Social security number. 301.7701-11 Section 301... ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION Definitions § 301.7701-11 Social security number. For purposes of this chapter, the term social security number means the taxpayer identifying number of an individual or...

26 CFR 301.7701-11 - Social security number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Social security number. 301.7701-11 Section 301... ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION Definitions § 301.7701-11 Social security number. For purposes of this chapter, the term social security number means the taxpayer identifying number of an individual or...

26 CFR 301.7701-11 - Social security number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Social security number. 301.7701-11 Section 301... ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION Definitions § 301.7701-11 Social security number. For purposes of this chapter, the term social security number means the taxpayer identifying number of an individual or...

26 CFR 301.7701-11 - Social security number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Social security number. 301.7701-11 Section 301... ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION Definitions § 301.7701-11 Social security number. For purposes of this chapter, the term social security number means the taxpayer identifying number of an individual or...

49 CFR 26.23 - What is the requirement for a policy statement?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false What is the requirement for a policy statement? 26... Requirements for DBE Programs for Federally-Assisted Contracting § 26.23 What is the requirement for a policy statement? You must issue a signed and dated policy statement that expresses your commitment to your DBE...

47 CFR 52.26 - NANC Recommendations on Local Number Portability Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Portability Administration. 52.26 Section 52.26 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED... Number Portability Administration. (a) Local number portability administration shall comply with the... prepared by the NANC's Local Number Portability Administration Selection Working Group, dated April 25...

47 CFR 52.26 - NANC Recommendations on Local Number Portability Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Portability Administration. 52.26 Section 52.26 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED... Number Portability Administration. (a) Local number portability administration shall comply with the... prepared by the NANC's Local Number Portability Administration Selection Working Group, dated April 25...

11 CFR 100.27 - Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)). 100.27 Section...) General Definitions § 100.27 Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)). Mass mailing means a mailing by United... nature within any 30-day period. A mass mailing does not include electronic mail or Internet...

11 CFR 100.27 - Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)). 100.27 Section...) General Definitions § 100.27 Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)). Mass mailing means a mailing by United... nature within any 30-day period. A mass mailing does not include electronic mail or Internet...

33 CFR 181.23 - Hull identification numbers required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Hull identification numbers... SECURITY (CONTINUED) BOATING SAFETY MANUFACTURER REQUIREMENTS Identification of Boats § 181.23 Hull... identify each boat produced or imported with two hull identification numbers that meet the requirements of...

23 CFR 810.204 - Application by mass transit authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Application by mass transit authority. 810.204 Section 810.204 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION... rail or other nonhighway public mass transit facility may submit an application therefor to the State...

26 CFR 31.6109-1 - Supplying of identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Supplying of identifying numbers. 31.6109-1... Subtitle F, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.6109-1 Supplying of identifying numbers. (a) In general... such identifying numbers as are required by each return, statement, or document and its related...

26 CFR 31.6011(b)-1 - Employers' identification numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Employers' identification numbers. 31.6011(b)-1... Subtitle F, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.6011(b)-1 Employers' identification numbers. (a... Insurance Contributions Act, but who prior to such day neither has been assigned an identification number...

26 CFR 31.6109-1 - Supplying of identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Supplying of identifying numbers. 31.6109-1... Subtitle F, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.6109-1 Supplying of identifying numbers. (a) In general... such identifying numbers as are required by each return, statement, or document and its related...

26 CFR 31.6109-1 - Supplying of identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Supplying of identifying numbers. 31.6109-1... Subtitle F, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.6109-1 Supplying of identifying numbers. (a) In general... such identifying numbers as are required by each return, statement, or document and its related...

26 CFR 31.6011(b)-1 - Employers' identification numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Employers' identification numbers. 31.6011(b)-1... Subtitle F, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.6011(b)-1 Employers' identification numbers. (a... Insurance Contributions Act, but who prior to such day neither has been assigned an identification number...

26 CFR 1.4-1 - Number of exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Number of exemptions. 1.4-1 Section 1.4-1... and Surtaxes § 1.4-1 Number of exemptions. (a) For the purpose of determining the optional tax imposed... the taxpayer begins is less than the applicable amount determined pursuant to § 1.151-2. No exemption...

26 CFR 1.381(c)(23)-1 - Investment credit carryovers in certain corporate acquisitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Investment credit carryovers in certain corporate acquisitions. 1.381(c)(23)-1 Section 1.381(c)(23)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Insolvency Reorganizations § 1.381...

The RAD23 Family Provides an Essential Connection between the 26S Proteasome and Ubiquitylated Proteins in Arabidopsis[W

PubMed Central

Farmer, Lisa M.; Book, Adam J.; Lee, Kwang-Hee; Lin, Ya-Ling; Fu, Hongyong; Vierstra, Richard D.

2010-01-01

The ubiquitin (Ub)/26S proteasome system (UPS) directs the turnover of numerous regulatory proteins, thereby exerting control over many aspects of plant growth, development, and survival. The UPS is directed in part by a group of Ub-like/Ub-associated (UBL/UBA) proteins that help shuttle ubiquitylated proteins to the 26S proteasome for breakdown. Here, we describe the collection of UBL/UBA proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana, including four isoforms that comprise the RADIATION SENSITIVE23 (RAD23) family. The nuclear-enriched RAD23 proteins bind Ub conjugates, especially those linked internally through Lys-48, via their UBA domains, and associate with the 26S proteasome Ub receptor RPN10 via their N-terminal UBL domains. Whereas homozygous mutants individually affecting the four RAD23 genes are without phenotypic consequences (rad23a, rad23c, and rad23d) or induce mild phyllotaxy and sterility defects (rad23b), higher-order mutant combinations generate severely dwarfed plants, with the quadruple mutant displaying reproductive lethality. Both the synergistic effects of a rad23b-1 rpn10-1 combination and the response of rad23b plants to mitomycin C suggest that RAD23b regulates cell division. Taken together, RAD23 proteins appear to play an essential role in the cell cycle, morphology, and fertility of plants through their delivery of UPS substrates to the 26S proteasome. PMID:20086187

25 CFR 26.23 - What is an Individual Self-Sufficiency Plan (ISP)?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Section 26.23 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR HUMAN SERVICES JOB PLACEMENT... includes needed finances, special clothing, transportation, and support services necessary for employment; (3) Identifies all financial resources and defines the employment or training objective and...

26 CFR 301.7701-12 - Employer identification number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Employer identification number. 301.7701-12 Section 301.7701-12 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION Definitions § 301.7701-12 Employer identification...

Atomic masses of {sup 6}Li,{sup 23}Na,{sup 39,41}K,{sup 85,87}Rb, and {sup 133}Cs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mount, Brianna J.; Redshaw, Matthew; Myers, Edmund G.

2010-10-15

The atomic masses of the alkali-metal isotopes {sup 6}Li,{sup 23}Na,{sup 39,41}K,{sup 85,87}Rb, and {sup 133}Cs have been obtained from measurements of cyclotron frequency ratios of pairs of ions simultaneously trapped in a Penning trap. The results, with one standard deviation uncertainty, are: M({sup 6}Li)=6.015 122 887 4(16)u,M({sup 23}Na)=22.989769 282 8(26)u,M({sup 39}K)=38.963 706 485 6(52)u,M({sup 41}K)=40.961 825 257 4(48)u,M({sup 85}Rb)=84.911 789739(9)u,M({sup 87}Rb)=86.909 180 535(10)u, and M({sup 133}Cs)=132.905 451 963(13)u. Our mass of {sup 6}Li yields an improved neutron separation energy for {sup 7}Li of 7251.1014(45) keV.

23 CFR 810.210 - Authorization for use and occupancy by mass transit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Authorization for use and occupancy by mass transit. 810... TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass Transit Projects § 810.210 Authorization for use and occupancy by mass transit. (a) Upon being authorized...

23 CFR 810.210 - Authorization for use and occupancy by mass transit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Authorization for use and occupancy by mass transit. 810.210 Section 810.210 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass...

49 CFR 23.23 - What administrative provisions must be in a recipient's ACDBE program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... recipient's ACDBE program? 23.23 Section 23.23 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS ACDBE Programs § 23.23 What... provided in part 26, §§ 26.23, 26.25, and 26.31, as well as certification of ACDBEs as provided by Subpart...

49 CFR 23.23 - What administrative provisions must be in a recipient's ACDBE program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... recipient's ACDBE program? 23.23 Section 23.23 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS ACDBE Programs § 23.23 What... provided in part 26, §§ 26.23, 26.25, and 26.31, as well as certification of ACDBEs as provided by Subpart...

49 CFR 23.23 - What administrative provisions must be in a recipient's ACDBE program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... recipient's ACDBE program? 23.23 Section 23.23 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS ACDBE Programs § 23.23 What... provided in part 26, §§ 26.23, 26.25, and 26.31, as well as certification of ACDBEs as provided by Subpart...

49 CFR 23.23 - What administrative provisions must be in a recipient's ACDBE program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... recipient's ACDBE program? 23.23 Section 23.23 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS ACDBE Programs § 23.23 What... provided in part 26, §§ 26.23, 26.25, and 26.31, as well as certification of ACDBEs as provided by Subpart...

49 CFR 23.23 - What administrative provisions must be in a recipient's ACDBE program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... recipient's ACDBE program? 23.23 Section 23.23 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS ACDBE Programs § 23.23 What... provided in part 26, §§ 26.23, 26.25, and 26.31, as well as certification of ACDBEs as provided by Subpart...

Aromatic fluorine compounds. X. The 2,3- and 2,6-difluoropyridines

USGS Publications Warehouse

Finger, G.C.; Starr, L.D.; Roe, A.; Link, W.J.

1962-01-01

The preparation of difluoropyridines by the Schiemann reaction was investigated. 2-Amino-6-fluoropyridine (IIIa), necessary for the synthesis of 2,6-difluoropyridine (IVa) by the Schiemann reaction, was conveniently prepared by the Curtius degradation of 6-fluoropicolinic hydrazide (IIa) and by the Hofmann reaction on 6-fluoropicolinamide (IId). Since an ??-fluorine on a pyridine nucleus is preferentially replaced by hydrazine when it is either adjacent to or opposite a carbomethoxy group, the hydrazides necessary for the synthesis of 3-amino-2- and 6-fluoropyridine could not be prepared. These amines were prepared from the appropriate 2-fluoropyridinecarboxamide by the Hofmann reaction. The preparation of difluoropyridines was successful with two of the aminofluoropyridines and led to the following new compounds: 2,3-difluoro(IVb) and 2,6-difluoropyridine (IVa).

23 CFR 810.308 - Approval of urban system nonhighway public mass transit projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Approval of urban system nonhighway public mass transit... PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway Public Mass Transit Projects § 810.308 Approval of urban system nonhighway public mass transit projects...

76 FR 68759 - GSA Approves Renewal of North American Numbering Council Charter Through September 23, 2013

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-07

... American Numbering Council Charter Through September 23, 2013 AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission... announcing GSA's approval of the renewal of the North American Numbering Council charter through September 23... American Numbering Council charter. DATES: Renewed through September 23, 2013. ADDRESSES: Competition...

26. FIRST LEVEL, VIEW OF TRANSFER CHUTES FROM BIN NUMBERS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

26. FIRST LEVEL, VIEW OF TRANSFER CHUTES FROM BIN NUMBERS 28 AND 32 LEADING TO OUT LEG; LOOKING SOUTHEAST - Northwestern Consolidated Elevator "A", 119 Fifth Avenue South, Minneapolis, Hennepin County, MN

A one-dimensional nickel(II) coordination polymer containing 2,6-dipicolinate and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine.

PubMed

Ma, Yi; Zhang, Li-Tian; Wang, Xiao-Fang; He, Yong-Ke; Han, Zheng-Bo

2007-12-01

A new coordination polymer, catena-poly[[(dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine-kappa(2)N,N')nickel(II)]-mu-2,6-dipicolinato-kappa(4)O(2),N,O(6):O(2')], [Ni(C7H3NO4)(C18H10N4)]n, exhibits a one-dimensional structure in which 2,6-dipicolinate acts as a bridging ligand interconnecting adjacent nickel(II) centers to form a chain structure. The asymmetric unit contains one Ni(II) center, one dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine ligand and one 2,6-dipicolinate ligand. Each Ni(II) center is six-coordinated and surrounded by three N atoms and three O atoms from one dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine ligand and two different 2,6-dipicolinate ligands, leading to a distorted octahedral geometry. Adjacent chains are linked by pi-pi stacking interactions and weak interactions to form a three-dimensional supramolecular network.

26 CFR 31.3406(j)-1 - Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching... Number (TIN) matching program. (a) The matching program. Under section 3406(i), the Commissioner has the authority to establish Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching programs. The Commissioner may...

26 CFR 31.3406(j)-1 - Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching... Number (TIN) matching program. (a) The matching program. Under section 3406(i), the Commissioner has the authority to establish Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching programs. The Commissioner may...

26 CFR 31.3406(j)-1 - Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching... Number (TIN) matching program. (a) The matching program. Under section 3406(i), the Commissioner has the authority to establish Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching programs. The Commissioner may...

26 CFR 31.3406(j)-1 - Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching... Number (TIN) matching program. (a) The matching program. Under section 3406(i), the Commissioner has the authority to establish Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching programs. The Commissioner may...

26 CFR 31.3406(j)-1 - Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching... Number (TIN) matching program. (a) The matching program. Under section 3406(i), the Commissioner has the authority to establish Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) matching programs. The Commissioner may...

Medical Surveillance Monthly Report. Volume 23, Number 1, January 2016

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-01-01

Volume 23 Number 1 P A G E 2 Update: Malaria , U.S. Armed Forces, 2015 P A G E 7 Durations of service until first and recurrent episodes of...of special surveillance interest CDC/James Gathany MSMR Vol. 23 No. 1 January 2016 Page 2 U.S. service members are at risk of acquiring malaria ...personal travel. Th e num- ber of malaria cases among U.S. military service members in 2015 (n=30) was the lowest annual count in at least 20 years and

Possible formation pathways for the low-density Neptune-mass planet HAT-P-26b

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ali-Dib, Mohamad; Lakhlani, Gunjan

2018-01-01

We investigate possible pathways for the formation of the low-density Neptune-mass planet HAT-P-26b. We use two different formation models based on pebble and planetesimal accretion, and includes gas accretion, disc migration and simple photoevaporation. The models track the atmospheric oxygen abundance, in addition to the orbital period, and mass of the forming planets, which we compare to HAT-P-26b. We find that pebble accretion can explain this planet more naturally than planetesimal accretion that fails completely unless we artificially enhance the disc metallicity significantly. Pebble accretion models can reproduce HAT-P-26b with either a high initial core mass and low amount of envelope enrichment through core erosion or pebbles dissolution, or the opposite, with both scenarios being possible. Assuming a low envelope enrichment factor as expected from convection theory and comparable to the values we can infer from the D/H measurements in Uranus and Neptune, our most probable formation pathway for HAT-P-26b is through pebble accretion starting around 10 au early in the disc's lifetime.

HAT-P-26b: A Neptune-mass Exoplanet with Primordial Solar Heavy Element Abundance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wakeford, Hannah R.; Sing, David K.; Kataria, Tiffany; Deming, Drake; Nikolov, Nikolay; Lopez, Eric; Tremblin, Pascal; Skalid Amundsen, David; Lewis, Nikole K.; Mandell, Avi; Fortney, Jonathan J.; Knutson, Heather; Benneke, Björn; Evans, Tom M.

2017-01-01

A trend in giant planet mass and atmospheric heavy elemental abundance was first noted last century from observations of planets in our own solar system. These four data points from Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune have served as a corner stone of planet formation theory. Here we add another point in the mass-metallicity trend from a detailed observational study of the extrasolar planet HAT-P-26b, which inhabits the critical mass regime near Neptune and Uranus. Neptune-sized worlds are among the most common planets in our galaxy and frequently exist in orbital periods very different from that of our own solar system ice giants. Atmospheric studies are the principal window into these worlds, and thereby into their formation and evolution, beyond those of our own solar system. Using the Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer, from the optical to the infrared, we conducted a detailed atmospheric study of the Neptune-mass exoplanet HAT-P-26b over 0.5 to 4.5 μm. We detect prominent H2O absorption at 1.4 μm to 525 ppm in the atmospheric transmission spectrum. We determine that HAT-P-26b’s atmosphere is not rich in heavy elements (≈1.8×solar), which goes distinctly against the solar system mass-metallicity trend. This likely indicates that HAT-P-26b’s atmosphere is primordial and obtained its gaseous envelope late in its disk lifetime with little contamination from metal-rich planetesimals.

HAT-P-26b: A Neptune-mass Exoplanet with Primordial Solar Heavy Element Abundance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wakeford, Hannah; Sing, David; Deming, Drake; Kataria, Tiffany; Lopez, Eric

2016-10-01

A trend in giant planet mass and atmospheric heavy elemental abundance was first noted last century from observations of planets in our own solar system. These four data points from Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune have served as a corner stone of planet formation theory. Here we add another point in the mass-metallicity trend from a detailed observational study of the extrasolar planet HAT-P-26b, which inhabits the critical mass regime near Neptune and Uranus. Neptune-sized worlds are among the most common planets in our galaxy and frequently exist in orbital periods very different from that of our own solar system ice giants. Atmospheric studies are the principal window into these worlds, and thereby into their formation and evolution, beyond those of our own solar system. Using the Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer, from the optical to the infrared, we conducted a detailed atmospheric study of the Neptune-mass exoplanet HAT-P-26b over 0.5 to 4.5 μm. We detect prominent H2O absorption at 1.4 μm to 525 ppm in the atmospheric transmission spectrum. We determine that HAT-P-26b's atmosphere is not rich in heavy elements (≈1.8×solar), which goes distinctly against the solar system mass-metallicity trend. This likely indicates that HAT-P-26b's atmosphere is primordial and obtained its gaseous envelope late in its disk lifetime with little contamination from metal-rich planetesimals.

11 CFR 100.27 - Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 100.27 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) General Definitions § 100.27 Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)). Mass mailing means a mailing by United States mail or facsimile of more than 500 pieces of mail matter of an identical or substantially similar...

11 CFR 100.27 - Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 100.27 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) General Definitions § 100.27 Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)). Mass mailing means a mailing by United States mail or facsimile of more than 500 pieces of mail matter of an identical or substantially similar...

11 CFR 100.27 - Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 100.27 Federal Elections FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION GENERAL SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) General Definitions § 100.27 Mass mailing (2 U.S.C. 431(23)). Mass mailing means a mailing by United States mail or facsimile of more than 500 pieces of mail matter of an identical or substantially similar...

Particulate Matter Mass and Number Concentrations Inside a Naturally Ventilated School Building Located Adjacent to an Urban Roadway

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chithra, V. S.; Shiva Nagendra, S. M.

2014-09-01

This work presents the temporal characteristics of Particulate Matter (PM) mass and number concentrations measured inside a naturally ventilated school building, located close to a busy roadway in Chennai city. Two environmental dust monitor instruments (GRIMM Model 107 and Model 108) were used for measuring PM mass and number concentrations. The 1-h mean values of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 mass concentrations were found to be 262 ± 161, 68 ± 24, 40 ± 15 µg/m3 and 81 ± 26, 56 ± 2, 45 ± 19 µg/m3 during working hours (8am-4pm) and non-working hours (4pm-8am)/holidays, respectively. The PM number concentrations inside the room during working hours were found to be 2.4 × 105, 2.2 × 103 and 8.1 × 102 particles/l in the size range of 0.3-1, 1-3 and 3-10 µm, respectively. The present study reveals that during working hours, indoor PM concentrations of the classroom were influenced by the activities of occupants and during non working hours it was affected by outdoor vehicular emissions.

23 CFR 810.308 - Approval of urban system nonhighway public mass transit projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Approval of urban system nonhighway public mass transit projects. 810.308 Section 810.308 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway...

ON THE ENHANCED CORONAL MASS EJECTION DETECTION RATE SINCE THE SOLAR CYCLE 23 POLAR FIELD REVERSAL

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Petrie, G. J. D.

2015-10-10

Compared to cycle 23, coronal mass ejections (CMEs) with angular widths >30° have been observed to occur at a higher rate during solar cycle 24, per sunspot number. This result is supported by data from three independent databases constructed using Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph Experiment coronagraph images, two employing automated detection techniques and one compiled manually by human observers. According to the two databases that cover a larger field of view, the enhanced CME rate actually began shortly after the cycle 23 polar field reversal, in 2004, when the polar fields returned with a 40% reduction in strength andmore » the interplanetary radial magnetic field became ≈30% weaker. This result is consistent with the link between anomalous CME expansion and the heliospheric total pressure decrease recently reported by Gopalswamy et al.« less

Comparison of particle mass and solid particle number (SPN) emissions from a heavy-duty diesel vehicle under on-road driving conditions and a standard testing cycle.

PubMed

Zheng, Zhongqing; Durbin, Thomas D; Xue, Jian; Johnson, Kent C; Li, Yang; Hu, Shaohua; Huai, Tao; Ayala, Alberto; Kittelson, David B; Jung, Heejung S

2014-01-01

It is important to understand the differences between emissions from standard laboratory testing cycles and those from actual on-road driving conditions, especially for solid particle number (SPN) emissions now being regulated in Europe. This study compared particle mass and SPN emissions from a heavy-duty diesel vehicle operating over the urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) and actual on-road driving conditions. Particle mass emissions were calculated using the integrated particle size distribution (IPSD) method and called MIPSD. The MIPSD emissions for the UDDS and on-road tests were more than 6 times lower than the U.S. 2007 heavy-duty particulate matter (PM) mass standard. The MIPSD emissions for the UDDS fell between those for the on-road uphill and downhill driving. SPN and MIPSD measurements were dominated by nucleation particles for the UDDS and uphill driving and by accumulation mode particles for cruise and downhill driving. The SPN emissions were ∼ 3 times lower than the Euro 6 heavy-duty SPN limit for the UDDS and downhill driving and ∼ 4-5 times higher than the Euro 6 SPN limit for the more aggressive uphill driving; however, it is likely that most of the "solid" particles measured under these conditions were associated with a combination release of stored sulfates and enhanced sulfate formation associated with high exhaust temperatures, leading to growth of volatile particles into the solid particle counting range above 23 nm. Except for these conditions, a linear relationship was found between SPN and accumulation mode MIPSD. The coefficient of variation (COV) of SPN emissions of particles >23 nm ranged from 8 to 26% for the UDDS and on-road tests.

Single A326G mutation converts human CYP24A1 from 25-OH-D3-24-hydroxylase into -23-hydroxylase, generating 1α,25-(OH)2D3-26,23-lactone

PubMed Central

Prosser, David E.; Kaufmann, Martin; O'Leary, Brendan; Byford, Valarie; Jones, Glenville

2007-01-01

Studies of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) have demonstrated that it is a bifunctional enzyme capable of the 24-hydroxylation of 1α,25-(OH)2D3, leading to the excretory form, calcitroic acid, and 23-hydroxylation, culminating in 1α,25-(OH)2D3-26,23-lactone. The degree to which CYP24A1 performs either 23- or 24-hydroxylation is species-dependent. In this paper, we show that the human enzyme that predominantly 24-hydroxylates its substrate differs from the opossum enzyme that 23-hydroxylates it at only a limited number of amino acid residues. Mutagenesis of the human form at a single substrate-binding residue (A326G) dramatically changes the regioselectivity of the enzyme from a 24-hydroxylase to a 23-hydroxylase, whereas other modifications have no effect. Ala-326 is located in the I-helix, close to the terminus of the docked 25-hydroxylated side chain in a CYP24A1 homology model, a result that we interpret indicates that substitution of a glycine at 326 provides extra space for the side chain of the substrate to move deeper into the pocket and place it in a optimal stereochemical position for 23-hydroxylation. We discuss the physiological ramifications of these results for species possessing the A326G substitution, as well as implications for optimal vitamin D analog design. PMID:17646648

Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 26, Number 2, March-April 2012

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE ...MAR 2012 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-03-2012 to 00-04-2012 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 26, Number 2, March...Adversaries increasingly target energy as a center of gravity. To date , more than 3,000 American Sol- diers and contractors have been killed or

16 CFR 23.26 - Misuse of the words “flawless,” “perfect,” etc.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Misuse of the words âflawless,â âperfect,â... GUIDES FOR THE JEWELRY, PRECIOUS METALS, AND PEWTER INDUSTRIES § 23.26 Misuse of the words “flawless,” “perfect,” etc. (a) It is unfair or deceptive to use the word “flawless” as a quality description of any...

Investigation of Aerosol Surface Area Estimation from Number and Mass Concentration Measurements: Particle Density Effect.

PubMed

Ku, Bon Ki; Evans, Douglas E

2012-04-01

For nanoparticles with nonspherical morphologies, e.g., open agglomerates or fibrous particles, it is expected that the actual density of agglomerates may be significantly different from the bulk material density. It is further expected that using the material density may upset the relationship between surface area and mass when a method for estimating aerosol surface area from number and mass concentrations (referred to as "Maynard's estimation method") is used. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively investigate how much the Maynard's estimation method depends on particle morphology and density. In this study, aerosol surface area estimated from number and mass concentration measurements was evaluated and compared with values from two reference methods: a method proposed by Lall and Friedlander for agglomerates and a mobility based method for compact nonspherical particles using well-defined polydisperse aerosols with known particle densities. Polydisperse silver aerosol particles were generated by an aerosol generation facility. Generated aerosols had a range of morphologies, count median diameters (CMD) between 25 and 50 nm, and geometric standard deviations (GSD) between 1.5 and 1.8. The surface area estimates from number and mass concentration measurements correlated well with the two reference values when gravimetric mass was used. The aerosol surface area estimates from the Maynard's estimation method were comparable to the reference method for all particle morphologies within the surface area ratios of 3.31 and 0.19 for assumed GSDs 1.5 and 1.8, respectively, when the bulk material density of silver was used. The difference between the Maynard's estimation method and surface area measured by the reference method for fractal-like agglomerates decreased from 79% to 23% when the measured effective particle density was used, while the difference for nearly spherical particles decreased from 30% to 24%. The results indicate that the use of particle density

28 CFR 802.23 - Use and disclosure of social security numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Use and disclosure of social security... THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS Privacy Act § 802.23 Use and disclosure of social... provided by law because of such individual's refusal to disclose his or her social security number. (b...

28 CFR 802.23 - Use and disclosure of social security numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Use and disclosure of social security... THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS Privacy Act § 802.23 Use and disclosure of social... provided by law because of such individual's refusal to disclose his or her social security number. (b...

28 CFR 802.23 - Use and disclosure of social security numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Use and disclosure of social security... THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS Privacy Act § 802.23 Use and disclosure of social... provided by law because of such individual's refusal to disclose his or her social security number. (b...

28 CFR 802.23 - Use and disclosure of social security numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Use and disclosure of social security... THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS Privacy Act § 802.23 Use and disclosure of social... provided by law because of such individual's refusal to disclose his or her social security number. (b...

28 CFR 802.23 - Use and disclosure of social security numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Use and disclosure of social security... THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS Privacy Act § 802.23 Use and disclosure of social... provided by law because of such individual's refusal to disclose his or her social security number. (b...

Fine particle number and mass concentration measurements in urban Indian households.

PubMed

Mönkkönen, P; Pai, P; Maynard, A; Lehtinen, K E J; Hämeri, K; Rechkemmer, P; Ramachandran, G; Prasad, B; Kulmala, M

2005-07-15

Fine particle number concentration (D(p)>10 nm, cm(-3)), mass concentrations (approximation of PM(2.5), microg m(-3)) and indoor/outdoor number concentration ratio (I/O) measurements have been conducted for the first time in 11 urban households in India, 2002. The results indicate remarkable high indoor number and mass concentrations and I/O number concentration ratios caused by cooking. Besides cooking stoves that used liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or kerosene as the main fuel, high indoor concentrations can be explained by poor ventilation systems. Particle number concentrations of more than 300,000 cm(-3) and mass concentrations of more than 1000 microg m(-3) were detected in some cases. When the number and mass concentrations during cooking times were statistically compared, a correlation coefficient r>0.50 was observed in 63% of the households. Some households used other fuels like wood and dung cakes along with the main fuel, but also other living activities influenced the concentrations. In some areas, outdoor combustion processes had a negative impact on indoor air quality. The maximum concentrations observed in most cases were due to indoor combustion sources. Reduction of exposure risk and health effects caused by poor indoor air in urban Indian households is possible by improving indoor ventilation and reducing penetration of outdoor particles.

AP-MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Gangliosides Using 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jackson, Shelley N.; Muller, Ludovic; Roux, Aurelie; Oktem, Berk; Moskovets, Eugene; Doroshenko, Vladimir M.; Woods, Amina S.

2018-03-01

Matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is widely used as a unique tool to record the distribution of a large range of biomolecules in tissues. 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone (DHA) matrix has been shown to provide efficient ionization of lipids, especially gangliosides. The major drawback for DHA as it applies to MS imaging is that it sublimes under vacuum (low pressure) at the extended time necessary to complete both high spatial and mass resolution MSI studies of whole organs. To overcome the problem of sublimation, we used an atmospheric pressure (AP)-MALDI source to obtain high spatial resolution images of lipids in the brain using a high mass resolution mass spectrometer. Additionally, the advantages of atmospheric pressure and DHA for imaging gangliosides are highlighted. The imaging of [M-H]- and [M-H2O-H]- mass peaks for GD1 gangliosides showed different distribution, most likely reflecting the different spatial distribution of GD1a and GD1b species in the brain. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Electrostatic interaction energy and factor 1.23

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rubčić, A.; Arp, H.; Rubčić, J.

The factor F≫1.23 has originally been found in the redshift of quasars. Recently, it has been found in very different physical phenomena: the life-time of muonium, the masses of elementary particles (leptons, quarks,...), the correlation of atomic weight (A) and atomic number (Z) and the correlation of the sum of masses of all orbiting bodies with the mass of the central body in gravitational systems.

HAT-P-26b: A Neptune-mass exoplanet with a well-constrained heavy element abundance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wakeford, Hannah R.; Sing, David K.; Kataria, Tiffany; Deming, Drake; Nikolov, Nikolay; Lopez, Eric D.; Tremblin, Pascal; Amundsen, David S.; Lewis, Nikole K.; Mandell, Avi M.; Fortney, Jonathan J.; Knutson, Heather; Benneke, Björn; Evans, Thomas M.

2017-05-01

A correlation between giant-planet mass and atmospheric heavy elemental abundance was first noted in the past century from observations of planets in our own Solar System and has served as a cornerstone of planet-formation theory. Using data from the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes from 0.5 to 5 micrometers, we conducted a detailed atmospheric study of the transiting Neptune-mass exoplanet HAT-P-26b. We detected prominent H2O absorption bands with a maximum base-to-peak amplitude of 525 parts per million in the transmission spectrum. Using the water abundance as a proxy for metallicity, we measured HAT-P-26b’s atmospheric heavy element content (4.8-4.0+21.5 times solar). This likely indicates that HAT-P-26b’s atmosphere is primordial and obtained its gaseous envelope late in its disk lifetime, with little contamination from metal-rich planetesimals.

Source and Health Implication of Diurnal Atmospheric PM Mass and Number Concentrations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, W.; Olvera, H. A.; Garcia, J. H.; Pingitore, N. E.

2007-12-01

Exposure to atmospheric PM has been known to be associated with adverse health effects, decreased heart-rate variability, and respiratory and cardiopulmonary related morbidity and mortality. New evidence suggests that physical characteristics (mass, size, number, surface area, and morphology) of particles are strongly associated with mortality and morbidity through acute exposure. In particular, as reported in the literature, fine or ultrafine particles are more toxic than coarse particles on an equivalent mass basis while particles of less than 30 nm or greater than 2.5 um in diameter deposit more effectively (approximately 80 percent) in lung versus approximately 18 percent for particles in the range of 100 nm and 1 um. In addition, positive association has been observed between day to day variation in PM2.5 and hospital admissions, mortality and particle surface area, or particle number concentration and oxidative stress-induced DNA damage. This presentation shows the results of a study characterizing the physical properties of PM in El Paso, Texas. Diurnal PM mass concentration peaks previously observed at several other cities along the U.S.-Mexico border and elsewhere in the world were observed in El Paso. The hourly PM particle count varied from less than 10,000 particles/cm3 to greater than 80,000 particles/cm3 during the diurnal PM mass peaks. The total number of PM particles peaked in the morning and in the evening while the mode of the particle size changed from 20 nm to 50 nm, indicating different PM sources may be responsible for the mass and number concentrations and agglomeration of particles in the atmosphere during the day may possibly plays a role. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to correlate the PM mass and number concentrations to environmental variables. Real- time wind statistics were used in conjunction with traffic data at a nearby highway for identifying sources of the PM mass and number concentration peaks. Evaluation of

Global Civil Aviation Black Carbon Particle Mass and Number Emissions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stettler, M. E. J.

2015-12-01

Black carbon (BC) is a product of incomplete combustion emitted by aircraft engines. In the atmosphere, BC particles strongly absorb incoming solar radiation and influence cloud formation processes leading to highly uncertain, but likely net positive warming of the earth's atmosphere. At cruise altitude, BC particle number emissions can influence the concentration of ice nuclei that can lead to contrail formation, with significant and highly uncertainty climate impacts. BC particles emitted by aircraft engines also degrade air quality in the vicinity of airports and globally. A significant contribution to the uncertainty in environmental impacts of aviation BC emissions is the uncertainty in emissions inventories. Previous work has shown that global aviation BC mass emissions are likely to have been underestimated by a factor of three. In this study, we present an updated global BC particle number inventory and evaluate parameters that contribute to uncertainty using global sensitivity analysis techniques. The method of calculating particle number from mass utilises a description of the mobility of fractal aggregates and uses the geometric mean diameter, geometric standard deviation, mass-mobility exponent, primary particle diameter and material density to relate the particle number concentration to the total mass concentration. Model results show good agreement with existing measurements of aircraft BC emissions at ground level and at cruise altitude. It is hoped that the results of this study can be applied to estimate direct and indirect climate impacts of aviation BC emissions in future studies.

A multielement isotopic study of refractory FUN and F CAIs: Mass-dependent and mass-independent isotope effects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kööp, Levke; Nakashima, Daisuke; Heck, Philipp R.; Kita, Noriko T.; Tenner, Travis J.; Krot, Alexander N.; Nagashima, Kazuhide; Park, Changkun; Davis, Andrew M.

2018-01-01

Calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) are the oldest dated objects that formed inside the Solar System. Among these are rare, enigmatic objects with large mass-dependent fractionation effects (F CAIs), which sometimes also have large nucleosynthetic anomalies and a low initial abundance of the short-lived radionuclide 26Al (FUN CAIs). We have studied seven refractory hibonite-rich CAIs and one grossite-rich CAI from the Murchison (CM2) meteorite for their oxygen, calcium, and titanium isotopic compositions. The 26Al-26Mg system was also studied in seven of these CAIs. We found mass-dependent heavy isotope enrichment in all measured elements, but never simultaneously in the same CAI. The data are hard to reconcile with a single-stage melt evaporation origin and may require reintroduction or reequilibration for magnesium, oxygen and titanium after evaporation for some of the studied CAIs. The initial 26Al/27Al ratios inferred from model isochrons span a range from <1 × 10-6 to canonical (∼5 × 10-5). The CAIs show a mutual exclusivity relationship between inferred incorporation of live 26Al and the presence of resolvable anomalies in 48Ca and 50Ti. Furthermore, a relationship exists between 26Al incorporation and Δ17O in the hibonite-rich CAIs (i.e., 26Al-free CAIs have resolved variations in Δ17O, while CAIs with resolved 26Mg excesses have Δ17O values close to -23‰). Only the grossite-rich CAI has a relatively enhanced Δ17O value (∼-17‰) in spite of a near-canonical 26Al/27Al. We interpret these data as indicating that fractionated hibonite-rich CAIs formed over an extended time period and sampled multiple stages in the isotopic evolution of the solar nebula, including: (1) an 26Al-poor nebula with large positive and negative anomalies in 48Ca and 50Ti and variable Δ17O; (2) a stage of 26Al-admixture, during which anomalies in 48Ca and 50Ti had been largely diluted and a Δ17O value of ∼-23‰ had been achieved in the CAI formation region; and (3

Quantifying Particle Numbers and Mass Flux in Drifting Snow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Crivelli, Philip; Paterna, Enrico; Horender, Stefan; Lehning, Michael

2016-12-01

We compare two of the most common methods of quantifying mass flux, particle numbers and particle-size distribution for drifting snow events, the snow-particle counter (SPC), a laser-diode-based particle detector, and particle tracking velocimetry based on digital shadowgraphic imaging. The two methods were correlated for mass flux and particle number flux. For the SPC measurements, the device was calibrated by the manufacturer beforehand. The shadowgrapic imaging method measures particle size and velocity directly from consecutive images, and before each new test the image pixel length is newly calibrated. A calibration study with artificially scattered sand particles and glass beads provides suitable settings for the shadowgraphical imaging as well as obtaining a first correlation of the two methods in a controlled environment. In addition, using snow collected in trays during snowfall, several experiments were performed to observe drifting snow events in a cold wind tunnel. The results demonstrate a high correlation between the mass flux obtained for the calibration studies (r ≥slant 0.93) and good correlation for the drifting snow experiments (r ≥slant 0.81). The impact of measurement settings is discussed in order to reliably quantify particle numbers and mass flux in drifting snow. The study was designed and performed to optimize the settings of the digital shadowgraphic imaging system for both the acquisition and the processing of particles in a drifting snow event. Our results suggest that these optimal settings can be transferred to different imaging set-ups to investigate sediment transport processes.

Investigation of Aerosol Surface Area Estimation from Number and Mass Concentration Measurements: Particle Density Effect

PubMed Central

Ku, Bon Ki; Evans, Douglas E.

2015-01-01

For nanoparticles with nonspherical morphologies, e.g., open agglomerates or fibrous particles, it is expected that the actual density of agglomerates may be significantly different from the bulk material density. It is further expected that using the material density may upset the relationship between surface area and mass when a method for estimating aerosol surface area from number and mass concentrations (referred to as “Maynard’s estimation method”) is used. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively investigate how much the Maynard’s estimation method depends on particle morphology and density. In this study, aerosol surface area estimated from number and mass concentration measurements was evaluated and compared with values from two reference methods: a method proposed by Lall and Friedlander for agglomerates and a mobility based method for compact nonspherical particles using well-defined polydisperse aerosols with known particle densities. Polydisperse silver aerosol particles were generated by an aerosol generation facility. Generated aerosols had a range of morphologies, count median diameters (CMD) between 25 and 50 nm, and geometric standard deviations (GSD) between 1.5 and 1.8. The surface area estimates from number and mass concentration measurements correlated well with the two reference values when gravimetric mass was used. The aerosol surface area estimates from the Maynard’s estimation method were comparable to the reference method for all particle morphologies within the surface area ratios of 3.31 and 0.19 for assumed GSDs 1.5 and 1.8, respectively, when the bulk material density of silver was used. The difference between the Maynard’s estimation method and surface area measured by the reference method for fractal-like agglomerates decreased from 79% to 23% when the measured effective particle density was used, while the difference for nearly spherical particles decreased from 30% to 24%. The results indicate that the use of

HAT-P-26b: A Neptune-mass exoplanet with a well-constrained heavy element abundance.

PubMed

Wakeford, Hannah R; Sing, David K; Kataria, Tiffany; Deming, Drake; Nikolov, Nikolay; Lopez, Eric D; Tremblin, Pascal; Amundsen, David S; Lewis, Nikole K; Mandell, Avi M; Fortney, Jonathan J; Knutson, Heather; Benneke, Björn; Evans, Thomas M

2017-05-12

A correlation between giant-planet mass and atmospheric heavy elemental abundance was first noted in the past century from observations of planets in our own Solar System and has served as a cornerstone of planet-formation theory. Using data from the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes from 0.5 to 5 micrometers, we conducted a detailed atmospheric study of the transiting Neptune-mass exoplanet HAT-P-26b. We detected prominent H 2 O absorption bands with a maximum base-to-peak amplitude of 525 parts per million in the transmission spectrum. Using the water abundance as a proxy for metallicity, we measured HAT-P-26b's atmospheric heavy element content ([Formula: see text] times solar). This likely indicates that HAT-P-26b's atmosphere is primordial and obtained its gaseous envelope late in its disk lifetime, with little contamination from metal-rich planetesimals. Copyright © 2017, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

26 CFR 1.23-5 - Certification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... energy property (see § 1.23-2(f)), wind energy property (see § 1.23-2(g)), or geothermal energy property... definition of an energy-conserving component or renewable energy source property. Upon the request of a...)(1)). (2) The item meets the definition of an other energy-conserving component specified in section...

26 CFR 1.23-5 - Certification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... energy property (see § 1.23-2(f)), wind energy property (see § 1.23-2(g)), or geothermal energy property... definition of an energy-conserving component or renewable energy source property. Upon the request of a...)(1)). (2) The item meets the definition of an other energy-conserving component specified in section...

26 CFR 1.23-5 - Certification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... definition of an energy-conserving component or renewable energy source property. Upon the request of a...)(1)). (2) The item meets the definition of an other energy-conserving component specified in section 23(c)(4) or former section 44C(c)(4) see (§ 1.23-2(d)(4)). (3) The item meets the definition of solar...

26 CFR 1.23-5 - Certification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... definition of an energy-conserving component or renewable energy source property. Upon the request of a...)(1)). (2) The item meets the definition of an other energy-conserving component specified in section 23(c)(4) or former section 44C(c)(4) see (§ 1.23-2(d)(4)). (3) The item meets the definition of solar...

26 CFR 1.23-5 - Certification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... definition of an energy-conserving component or renewable energy source property. Upon the request of a...)(1)). (2) The item meets the definition of an other energy-conserving component specified in section 23(c)(4) or former section 44C(c)(4) see (§ 1.23-2(d)(4)). (3) The item meets the definition of solar...

Thermal-neutron capture for A=26-35

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chunmei, Z.; Firestone, R.B.

2001-06-01

The prompt gamma-ray data of thermal- neutron captures fornuclear mass number A=26-35 had been evaluated and published in "ATOMICDATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES, 26, 511 (1981)". Since that time themanyexperimental data of the thermal-neutron captures have been measuredand published. The update of the evaluated prompt gamma-ray data is verynecessary for use in PGAA of high-resolution analytical prompt gamma-rayspectroscopy. Besides, the evaluation is also very needed in theEvaluated Nuclear Structure Data File, ENSDF, because there are no promptgamma-ray data in ENSDF. The levels, prompt gamma-rays and decay schemesof thermal-neutron captures for nuclides (26Mg, 27Al, 28Si, 29Si, 30Si,31P, 32S, 33S, 34S, andmore » 35Cl) with nuclear mass number A=26-35 have beenevaluated on the basis of all experimental data. The normalizationfactors, from which absolute prompt gamma-ray intensity can be obtained,and necessary comments are given in the text. The ENSDF format has beenadopted in this evaluation. The physical check (intensity balance andenergy balance) of evaluated thermal-neutron capture data has been done.The evaluated data have been put into Evaluated Nuclear Structure DataFile, ENSDF. This evaluation may be considered as an update of the promptgamma-ray from thermal-neutron capture data tables as published in"ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES, 26, 511 (1981)".« less

Quantitative analysis of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid in mouse plasma using electrospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Yang, Min; Wang, Guang Ji; Wang, Su Jun; Li, Xiao Tian; Xu, Yu Ping; Wang, Song Pei; Xiang, Jing De; Pan, Shang Ren; Cao, Guo Xian; Ye, Wen Cai

2005-01-01

23-Hydroxybetulinic acid is a newly isolated derivative of betulinic acid. The agent exhibits potential anti-tumor activity and functions in this regard via apoptosis. In support of pharmacokinetic and toxicological evaluations, a new assay based on liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) was developed for the quantitative analysis of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid. Sample preparation consisted of extraction of the plasma by the addition of methylene chloride followed by centrifugation. Aliquots of the supernatant were analyzed using an isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system coupled to a negative ion electrospray mass spectrometer. Molecules of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid and the internal standard limonin were detected using selected ion monitoring at m/z 471 and 469, respectively. The limit of detection of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid was 0.05 pg (0.11 fmol) injected on-column (10 pg/mL, 5 microL injection volume), and the limit of quantitation was 10 pg (21.19 fmol, 2 ng/mL, 5 muL injection volume). 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid was stable in plasma samples at -20 degrees C for at least 3 weeks. The intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation of the assay were 3.0 and 4.8%, respectively. The utility of the assay was demonstrated by measuring 23-hydroxybetulinicacid in mouse plasma following intragastric administration (IG) in vivo. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the 3P97 pharmacokinetic software package. A two-compartment, first-order model was selected for pharmacokinetic modeling. The result showed that after IG of 200 mg/kg 23-hydroxybetulinic acid, the plasma concentrations reached peaks at 2 h with C(max) of 3.1 microg/mL. The 200 mg/kg 23-hydroxybetulinic acid suspension IG doses were found to have long elimination half-lives of 25.6 h and low bioavailability of 2.3%. No interference was noted due to endogenous substances. These analytical methods should be of value in future studies related to the

Light nuclei of even mass number in the Skyrme model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Battye, R. A.; Manton, N. S.; Sutcliffe, P. M.; Wood, S. W.

2009-09-01

We consider the semiclassical rigid-body quantization of Skyrmion solutions of mass numbers B=4,6,8,10, and 12. We determine the allowed quantum states for each Skyrmion and find that they often match the observed states of nuclei. The spin and isospin inertia tensors of these Skyrmions are accurately calculated for the first time and are used to determine the excitation energies of the quantum states. We calculate the energy level splittings, using a suitably chosen parameter set for each mass number. We find good qualitative and encouraging quantitative agreement with experiment. In particular, the rotational bands of beryllium-8 and carbon-12, along with isospin 1 triplets and isospin 2 quintets, are especially well reproduced. We also predict the existence of states that have not yet been observed and make predictions for the unknown quantum numbers of some observed states.

23 CFR 1200.26 - Non-compliance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURES FOR STATE HIGHWAY SAFETY PROGRAMS UNIFORM PROCEDURES FOR STATE HIGHWAY SAFETY PROGRAMS Implementation and Management of the Highway Safety Program § 1200.26 Non-compliance. Where a State is found to... special conditions for high-risk grantees and the enforcement procedures of 49 CFR part 18, or the...

Studies on mass attenuation coefficient, effective atomic number and electron density of some thermoluminescent dosimetric compounds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Önder, P.; Turşucu, A.; Demir, D.; Gürol, A.

2012-12-01

Mass attenuation coefficient, μm , effective atomic number, Zeff, and effective electron density, Nel, were determined experimentally and theoretically for some thermoluminescent dosimetric (TLD) compounds such as MgSO4, CdSO4, Al2O3, Mg2SiO4, ZnSO4, CaSO4, CaF2, NaSO4, Na4P2O7, Ca5F(PO4)3, SiO2, CaCO3 and BaSO4 at 8.04, 8.91, 13.37, 14.97, 17.44, 19.63, 22.10, 24.90, 30.82, 32.06, 35.40, 36.39, 37.26, 43.74, 44.48, 50.38, 51.70, 53.16, 80.99, 276.40, 302.85, 356.01, 383.85 and 661.66 keV photon energies by using an HPGe detector with a resolution of 182 eV at 5.9 keV. The theoretical mass attenuation coefficients were estimated using mixture rule. The calculated values were compared with the experimental values for all compounds. Good agreement has been observed between experimental and theoretical values within experimental uncertainties.

Seasonal variations of number size distributions and mass concentrations of atmospheric particles in Beijing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Jianhua; Guinot, Benjamin; Yu, Tong; Wang, Xin; Liu, Wenqing

2005-06-01

Particle number and mass concentrations were measured in Beijing during the winter and summer periods in 2003, together with some other parameters including black carbon (BC) and meteorological conditions. Particle mass concentrations exhibited low seasonality, and the ratio of PM2.5/PM10 in winter was higher than that in summer. Particle number size distribution (PSD) was characterized by four modes and exhibited low seasonality. BC was well correlated with the number and mass concentrations of accumulation and coarse particles, indicating these size particles are related to anthropogenic activities. Particle mass and number concentrations (except ultra-fine and nucleation particles) followed well the trends of BC concentration for the majority of the day, indicating that most particles were associated with primary emissions. The diurnal number distributions of accumulation and coarse mode particles were characterized by two peaks.

Floods of July 23-26, 2010, in the Little Maquoketa River and Maquoketa River Basins, Northeast Iowa

USGS Publications Warehouse

Eash, David A.

2012-01-01

Minor flooding occurred July 23, 2010, in the Little Maquoketa River Basin and major flooding occurred July 23–26, 2010, in the Maquoketa River Basin in northeast Iowa following severe thunderstorm activity over the region during July 22–24. A breach of the Lake Delhi Dam on July 24 aggravated flooding on the Maquoketa River. Rain gages at Manchester and Strawberry Point, Iowa, recorded 72-hour-rainfall amounts of 7.33 and 12.23 inches, respectively, on July 24. The majority of the rainfall occurred during a 48-hour period. Within the Little Maquoketa River Basin, a peak-discharge estimate of 19,000 cubic feet per second (annual flood-probability estimate of 4 to 10 percent) at the discontinued 05414500 Little Maquoketa River near Durango, Iowa streamgage on July 23 is the sixth largest flood on record. Within the Maquoketa River Basin, peak discharges of 26,600 cubic feet per second (annual flood-probability estimate of 0.2 to 1 percent) at the 05416900 Maquoketa River at Manchester, Iowa streamgage on July 24, and of 25,000 cubic feet per second (annual flood-probability estimate of 1 to 2 percent) at the 05418400 North Fork Maquoketa River near Fulton, Iowa streamgage on July 24 are the largest floods on record for these sites. A peak discharge affected by the Lake Delhi Dam breach on July 24 at the 05418500 Maquoketa River near Maquoketa, Iowa streamgage, located downstream of Lake Delhi, of 46,000 cubic feet per second on July 26 is the third highest on record. High-water marks were measured at five locations along the Little Maquoketa and North Fork Little Maquoketa Rivers between U.S. Highway 52 near Dubuque and County Road Y21 near Rickardsville, a distance of 19 river miles. Highwater marks were measured at 28 locations along the Maquoketa River between U.S. Highway 52 near Green Island and State Highway 187 near Arlington, a distance of 142 river miles. High-water marks were measured at 13 locations along the North Fork Maquoketa River between

Mammalian basal metabolic rate is proportional to body mass2/3

PubMed Central

White, Craig R.; Seymour, Roger S.

2003-01-01

The relationship between mammalian basal metabolic rate (BMR, ml of O2 per h) and body mass (M, g) has been the subject of regular investigation for over a century. Typically, the relationship is expressed as an allometric equation of the form BMR = aMb. The scaling exponent (b) is a point of contention throughout this body of literature, within which arguments for and against geometric (b = 2/3) and quarter-power (b = 3/4) scaling are made and rebutted. Recently, interest in the topic has been revived by published explanations for quarter-power scaling based on fractal nutrient supply networks and four-dimensional biology. Here, a new analysis of the allometry of mammalian BMR that accounts for variation associated with body temperature, digestive state, and phylogeny finds no support for a metabolic scaling exponent of 3/4. Data encompassing five orders of magnitude variation in M and featuring 619 species from 19 mammalian orders show that BMR ∝ M2/3. PMID:12637681

MOIRCS Deep Survey. I: DRG Number Counts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kajisawa, Masaru; Konishi, Masahiro; Suzuki, Ryuji; Tokoku, Chihiro; Uchimoto, Yuka; Katsuno; Yoshikawa, Tomohiro; Akiyama, Masayuki; Ichikawa, Takashi; Ouchi, Masami; Omata, Koji; Tanaka, Ichi; Nishimura, Tetsuo; Yamada, Toru

2006-12-01

We use very deep near-infrared imaging data taken with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope to investigate the number counts of Distant Red Galaxies (DRGs). We have observed a 4x7 arcmin^2 field in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey North (GOODS-N), and our data reach J=24.6 and K=23.2 (5sigma, Vega magnitude). The surface density of DRGs selected by J-K>2.3 is 2.35+-0.31 arcmin^-2 at K<22 and 3.54+-0.38 arcmin^-2 at K<23, respectively. These values are consistent with those in the GOODS-South and FIRES. Our deep and wide data suggest that the number counts of DRGs turn over at K~22, and the surface density of the faint DRGs with K>22 is smaller than that expected from the number counts at the brighter magnitude. The result indicates that while there are many bright galaxies at 2number of the faint galaxies with the similar red color is relatively small. Different behaviors of the number counts of the DRGs and bluer galaxies with 222 suggest that the mass-dependent color distribution, where most of low-mass galaxies are blue while more massive galaxies tend to have redder colors, had already been established at that epoch.

Development of aluminium-26 accelerator mass spectrometry for biological and toxicological applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barker, James

Aluminium is now recognised as a toxic element. Its accumulation in the body leads to serious conditions in renal failure patients on haemodialysis, and there is suspected involvement in the aetiology of Alzheimer's Disease. Although uptake from food and water are important exposure pathways, there is so far little quantitative knowledge about gastrointestinal absorption of aluminium, its general speciation in the blood or its metabolism. This is partly because seven of aluminium's eight radioisotopes have half-lives too short to conduct accurate biochemical studies. The use of [67]Ga as a tracer for aluminium begs the question of its biochemical similarity. Radiotracer studies on aluminium are possible with [26]Al (T[2] = 716,000 years), but a comparatively large amount of this scarce and expensive radioisotope (price ca. 50 pence per Bq) would be needed to measure by normal counting techniques. Use of conventional mass spectrometry is impracticable due to [26]Mg interference (comprises 11 % of total stable Mg and inherent in all biological or environmental samples), but high energy Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (A.M.S.), resulting in some fully-stripped ions (Al[13+], Mg[12+]) , potentially overcomes this problem. [26]Al is particularly attractive in human toxicology because of its negligible natural abundance and low radiological hazard. We have used the 20 MV tandem Van De Graaff accelerator (S.E.R.C. Daresbury) to conduct 1A1 A.M.S. measurements in biological media. Stable currents of ALQ[-](100 nA for > 5 hours) were obtained from a modified Middleton ion source, using alumina/silver ion source preparations of 50 mug Al. [26]Al is unambiguously identified from and [26]Mg [27]AlO[-] is repeatedly measured on a Faray Cup placed in the beamline after adjusting the ion source magnet. Linear calibration (C.V. < 10 %) was obtained over the range tested ([26]Al/[27]Al ratios from 10[-6] to 10[-11]) and a detection limit (2?) of ca. 7 x 10[-18]g (5 nBq) [26]Al ratio

Measurement of the Neutrino Mixing Angle θ23 in NOvA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adamson, P.; Aliaga, L.; Ambrose, D.; Anfimov, N.; Antoshkin, A.; Arrieta-Diaz, E.; Augsten, K.; Aurisano, A.; Backhouse, C.; Baird, M.; Bambah, B. A.; Bays, K.; Behera, B.; Bending, S.; Bernstein, R.; Bhatnagar, V.; Bhuyan, B.; Bian, J.; Blackburn, T.; Bolshakova, A.; Bromberg, C.; Brown, J.; Brunetti, G.; Buchanan, N.; Butkevich, A.; Bychkov, V.; Campbell, M.; Catano-Mur, E.; Childress, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Chowdhury, B.; Coan, T. E.; Coelho, J. A. B.; Colo, M.; Cooper, J.; Corwin, L.; Cremonesi, L.; Cronin-Hennessy, D.; Davies, G. S.; Davies, J. P.; Derwent, P. F.; Desai, S.; Dharmapalan, R.; Ding, P.; Djurcic, Z.; Dukes, E. C.; Duyang, H.; Edayath, S.; Ehrlich, R.; Feldman, G. J.; Frank, M. J.; Gabrielyan, M.; Gallagher, H. R.; Germani, S.; Ghosh, T.; Giri, A.; Gomes, R. A.; Goodman, M. C.; Grichine, V.; Group, R.; Grover, D.; Guo, B.; Habig, A.; Hartnell, J.; Hatcher, R.; Hatzikoutelis, A.; Heller, K.; Himmel, A.; Holin, A.; Hylen, J.; Jediny, F.; Judah, M.; Kafka, G. K.; Kalra, D.; Kasahara, S. M. S.; Kasetti, S.; Keloth, R.; Kolupaeva, L.; Kotelnikov, S.; Kourbanis, I.; Kreymer, A.; Kumar, A.; Kurbanov, S.; Lang, K.; Lee, W. M.; Lin, S.; Liu, J.; Lokajicek, M.; Lozier, J.; Luchuk, S.; Maan, K.; Magill, S.; Mann, W. A.; Marshak, M. L.; Matera, K.; Matveev, V.; Méndez, D. P.; Messier, M. D.; Meyer, H.; Miao, T.; Miller, W. H.; Mishra, S. R.; Mohanta, R.; Moren, A.; Mualem, L.; Muether, M.; Mufson, S.; Murphy, R.; Musser, J.; Nelson, J. K.; Nichol, R.; Niner, E.; Norman, A.; Nosek, T.; Oksuzian, Y.; Olshevskiy, A.; Olson, T.; Paley, J.; Pandey, P.; Patterson, R. B.; Pawloski, G.; Pershey, D.; Petrova, O.; Petti, R.; Phan-Budd, S.; Plunkett, R. K.; Poling, R.; Potukuchi, B.; Principato, C.; Psihas, F.; Radovic, A.; Rameika, R. A.; Rebel, B.; Reed, B.; Rocco, D.; Rojas, P.; Ryabov, V.; Sachdev, K.; Sail, P.; Samoylov, O.; Sanchez, M. C.; Schroeter, R.; Sepulveda-Quiroz, J.; Shanahan, P.; Sheshukov, A.; Singh, J.; Singh, J.; Singh, P.; Singh, V.; Smolik, J.; Solomey, N.; Song, E.; Sousa, A.; Soustruznik, K.; Strait, M.; Suter, L.; Talaga, R. L.; Tamsett, M. C.; Tas, P.; Thayyullathil, R. B.; Thomas, J.; Tian, X.; Tognini, S. C.; Tripathi, J.; Tsaris, A.; Urheim, J.; Vahle, P.; Vasel, J.; Vinton, L.; Vold, A.; Vrba, T.; Wang, B.; Wetstein, M.; Whittington, D.; Wojcicki, S. G.; Wolcott, J.; Yadav, N.; Yang, S.; Zalesak, J.; Zamorano, B.; Zwaska, R.; NOvA Collaboration

2017-04-01

This Letter reports new results on muon neutrino disappearance from NOvA, using a 14 kton detector equivalent exposure of 6.05 ×1 020 protons on target from the NuMI beam at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The measurement probes the muon-tau symmetry hypothesis that requires maximal θ23 mixing (θ23=π /4 ). Assuming the normal mass hierarchy, we find Δ m322 =(2.67 ±0.11 )×10-3 eV2 and sin2θ23 at the two statistically degenerate values 0.40 4-0.022+0.030 and 0.62 4-0.030+0.022, both at the 68% confidence level. Our data disfavor the maximal mixing scenario with 2.6 σ significance.

Education Policy Analysis Archives, 2002: Numbers 26-50.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glass, Gene V., Ed.

This document consists of articles 26 through 50 published in the electronic journal "Education Policy Analysis Archives" for the year 2002: (26) "Home Schooling in the United States: Trends and Characteristics" (Kurt J. Bauman); (27) "Mentoring Narratives ON-LINE: Teaching the Principalship" (Alison I. Griffith and Svitlana Taraban); (28) "Elm…

Education Policy Analysis Archives, 2001: Numbers 23-45.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glass, Gene V., Ed.

2001-01-01

This document consists of articles 23-45 published in the electronic journal "Education Policy Analysis Archives" for the year 2001: (23) "La Participacion de las Minorias Nacionales dentro de Sistemas Educativas Pre-Modernos: El Caso de los Garifunas de Guatemala" (Carlos R. Ruano); (24) "'Alexander v. Sandoval': A…

Regarding the Charmed-Strange Member of the 23 S 1 Meson State

PubMed Central

Feng, Xue-Chao; Chen, Jing

2013-01-01

By employing the mass relations derived from the mass matrix and Regge trajectory, we investigate the masses of charmed and charmed-strange members of the 23 S 1 meson. The masses are compared with the values predicted by other theoretical approaches and experimental data. The results may be useful for the discovery of the unobserved meson and the determination of the quantum number of the newly discovered states. PMID:24250272

Precise Masses & Radii of the Planets Orbiting K2-3 and GJ3470

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kosiarek, Molly; Crossfield, Ian; Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin; Livingston, John; Howard, Andrew; Fulton, Benjamin; Hirsch, Lea; Isaacson, Howard; Petigura, Erik; Sinukoff, Evan; Weiss, Lauren; Knutson, Heather; Bonfils, Xavier; Benneke, Björn; Beichman, Charles; Dressing, Courtney

2018-01-01

We report improved masses, radii, and densities for two planetary systems, K2-3 and GJ3470, derived from a combination of new radial velocity and transit observations. Both stars are nearby, early M dwarfs. K2-3 hosts three super-Earth planets between 1.5 and 2 Earth-radii at orbital periods between 10 and 45 days, while GJ 3470 hosts one 4 Earth-radii planet with a period of 3.3 days. Furthermore, we confirmed GJ3470's rotation period through multi-year ground-based photometry; RV analysis must account for this rotation signature. Due to the planets' low densities (all < 4.2 g/cm3) and bright host stars, they are among the best candidates for transmission spectroscopy with JWST and HST in order to characterize their atmospheric compositions.

26 CFR 1.168(f)(8)-1T - Safe-harbor lease information returns concerning qualified mass commuting vehicles (temporary).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Safe-harbor lease information returns concerning qualified mass commuting vehicles (temporary). 1.168(f)(8)-1T Section 1.168(f)(8)-1T Internal Revenue... information returns concerning qualified mass commuting vehicles (temporary). In general. Form 6793, Safe...

Materiales. Numbers 21-23.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Materiales, 1997

1997-01-01

These three journals of contemporary cultural, historical, and social interest contain activities designed to enhance the awareness of students of Spanish as a foreign language regarding the entire panorama of daily life in Spain. Number 21 focuses on the role of modern Spanish women; their career status; female authors; and the changing place of…

Prediction of solar activity from solar background magnetic field variations in cycles 21-23

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shepherd, Simon J.; Zharkov, Sergei I.; Zharkova, Valentina V., E-mail: s.j.shepherd@brad.ac.uk, E-mail: s.zharkov@hull.ac.uk, E-mail: valentina.zharkova@northumbria.ac.uk

2014-11-01

A comprehensive spectral analysis of both the solar background magnetic field (SBMF) in cycles 21-23 and the sunspot magnetic field in cycle 23 reported in our recent paper showed the presence of two principal components (PCs) of SBMF having opposite polarity, e.g., originating in the northern and southern hemispheres, respectively. Over a duration of one solar cycle, both waves are found to travel with an increasing phase shift toward the northern hemisphere in odd cycles 21 and 23 and to the southern hemisphere in even cycle 22. These waves were linked to solar dynamo waves assumed to form in differentmore » layers of the solar interior. In this paper, for the first time, the PCs of SBMF in cycles 21-23 are analyzed with the symbolic regression technique using Hamiltonian principles, allowing us to uncover the underlying mathematical laws governing these complex waves in the SBMF presented by PCs and to extrapolate these PCs to cycles 24-26. The PCs predicted for cycle 24 very closely fit (with an accuracy better than 98%) the PCs derived from the SBMF observations in this cycle. This approach also predicts a strong reduction of the SBMF in cycles 25 and 26 and, thus, a reduction of the resulting solar activity. This decrease is accompanied by an increasing phase shift between the two predicted PCs (magnetic waves) in cycle 25 leading to their full separation into the opposite hemispheres in cycle 26. The variations of the modulus summary of the two PCs in SBMF reveals a remarkable resemblance to the average number of sunspots in cycles 21-24 and to predictions of reduced sunspot numbers compared to cycle 24: 80% in cycle 25 and 40% in cycle 26.« less

Does the disparity in baseline characteristics of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement with 23 mm vs. 26 mm valves impact clinical outcome?

PubMed

Escárcega, Ricardo O; Magalhaes, Marco A; Baker, Nevin C; Lipinski, Michael J; Minha, Sa'ar; Torguson, Rebecca; Chen, Fang; Satler, Lowell F; Pichard, Augusto D; Waksman, Ron

2016-01-01

We sought to identify if baseline characteristic differences in patients who receive a 23 mm vs. 26 mm valve impact clinical outcomes. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is currently an approved therapy for patients with severe aortic stenosis who are considered inoperable or are at high risk. We retrospectively examined baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients receiving a 23 mm (n = 132) vs. 26 mm valve (n = 81) via the transfemoral approach. Gender (P < 0.01), previous coronary artery bypass surgery (P < 0.01), history of atrial fibrillation (P = 0.04), and mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score (P < 0.01) were significantly different between groups. There were no significant differences in the rates of minor/major vascular complications (2.2 vs. 3.7%, P = 0.68 and 13.0 vs. 12.3%, P = 0.89, respectively). Bleeding complications were also comparable (major bleed 2.3 vs. 1%, P >0.99, minor bleed 19.0 vs. 22.0%, P = 0.67 and life threatening bleed 7.0 vs. 5.0%, P = 0.77). In-hospital death (6.0 vs. 5.0%, P >0.99), 30-day all-cause death (7.6 vs. 6.2%, P = 0.69), and all-cause death at 1 year (17.4 vs. 25.9%, P = 0.13) were also similar between groups. Gender, valve size, previous coronary bypass surgery and atrial fibrillation were not independently associated with mortality; however, on multivariate analysis STS score was (HR 1.11; 95% CI 1.02-1.19; P = 0.01). Patients undergoing TAVR with 23 and 26 mm valves have similar clinical outcomes despite significant differences in baseline characteristics. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The secreted form of the p40 subunit of interleukin (IL)-12 inhibits IL-23 functions and abrogates IL-23-mediated antitumour effects

PubMed Central

Shimozato, Osamu; Ugai, Shin-ichi; Chiyo, Masako; Takenobu, Hisanori; Nagakawa, Hiroyasu; Wada, Akihiko; Kawamura, Kiyoko; Yamamoto, Hiroshi; Tagawa, Masatoshi

2006-01-01

Interleukin (IL)-23 is a heterodimeric cytokine consisting of a novel p19 molecule and the p40 subunit of IL-12. Since secreted p40 can act as an antagonist for IL-12, we investigated whether p40 also inhibited IL-23-mediated immunological functions. p40 did not induce interferon (IFN)-γ or IL-17 production from splenocytes but impaired IL-23-induced cytokine production by competitive binding to the IL-23 receptors. Furthermore, a mixed population of murine colon carcinoma Colon 26 cells transduced with the p40 gene and those transduced with the IL-23 gene developed tumours in syngenic mice, whereas the IL-23-expressing Colon 26 cells were completely rejected. p40 also suppressed IFN-γ production of antigen-stimulated splenocytes and IL-23-mediated cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activities in the mice that rejected Colon 26 cells expressing IL-23. p40 can thereby antagonize IL-23 and is a possible therapeutic agent for suppression of IL-23 functions. PMID:16423037

26 CFR 1.23-3 - Special rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... an expenditure for the energy credit. In general, for the purpose of determining whether an expenditure qualifies as being timely for the residential energy credit under section 23 or former section 44C... or accrual is irrelevant. (2) Special rule for renewable energy source expenditures in the case of...

Characterization of Incidental Renal Mass With Dual-Energy CT: Diagnostic Accuracy of Effective Atomic Number Maps for Discriminating Nonenhancing Cysts From Enhancing Masses.

PubMed

Mileto, Achille; Allen, Brian C; Pietryga, Jason A; Farjat, Alfredo E; Zarzour, Jessica G; Bellini, Davide; Ebner, Lukas; Morgan, Desiree E

2017-10-01

The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of effective atomic number maps reconstructed from dual-energy contrast-enhanced data for discriminating between nonenhancing renal cysts and enhancing masses. Two hundred six patients (128 men, 78 women; mean age, 64 years) underwent a CT renal mass protocol (single-energy unenhanced and dual-energy contrast-enhanced nephrographic imaging) at two different hospitals. For each set of patients, two blinded, independent observers performed measurements on effective atomic number maps from contrast-enhanced dual-energy data. Renal mass assessment on unenhanced and nephrographic images, corroborated by imaging and medical records, was the reference standard. The diagnostic accuracy of effective atomic number maps was assessed with ROC analysis. Significant differences in mean effective atomic numbers (Z eff ) were observed between nonenhancing and enhancing masses (set A, 8.19 vs 9.59 Z eff ; set B, 8.05 vs 9.19 Z eff ; sets combined, 8.13 vs 9.37 Z eff ) (p < 0.0001). An effective atomic number value of 8.36 Z eff was the optimal threshold, rendering an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.89-0.94), sensitivity of 90.8% (158/174 [95% CI, 85.5-94.7%]), specificity of 85.2% (445/522 [95% CI, 81.9-88.2%]), and overall diagnostic accuracy of 86.6% (603/696 [95% CI, 83.9-89.1%]). Nonenhancing renal cysts, including hyperattenuating cysts, can be discriminated from enhancing masses on effective atomic number maps generated from dual-energy contrast-enhanced CT data. This technique may be of clinical usefulness when a CT protocol for comprehensive assessment of renal masses is not available.

Relationships among particle number, surface area, and respirable mass concentrations in automotive engine manufacturing.

PubMed

Heitbrink, William A; Evans, Douglas E; Ku, Bon Ki; Maynard, Andrew D; Slavin, Thomas J; Peters, Thomas M

2009-01-01

This study investigated the relationships between particle number, surface area, and respirable mass concentration measured simultaneously in a foundry and an automotive engine machining and assembly center. Aerosol concentrations were measured throughout each plant with a condensation particle counter for number concentration, a diffusion charger for active surface area concentration, and an optical particle counter for respirable mass concentration. At selected locations, particle size distributions were characterized with the optical particle counter and an electrical low pressure impactor. Statistical analyses showed that active surface area concentration was correlated with ultrafine particle number concentration and weakly correlated with respirable mass concentration. Correlation between number and active surface area concentration was stronger during winter (R2 = 0.6 for both plants) than in the summer (R2 = 0.38 and 0.36 for the foundry and engine plant respectively). The stronger correlation in winter was attributed to use of direct-fire gas fired heaters that produced substantial numbers of ultrafine particles with a modal diameter between 0.007 and 0.023 mu m. These correlations support findings obtained through theoretical analysis. Such analysis predicts that active surface area increasingly underestimates geometric surface area with increasing particle size, particularly for particles larger than 100 nm. Thus, a stronger correlation between particle number concentration and active surface area concentration is expected in the presence of high concentrations of ultrafine particles. In general, active surface area concentration may be a concentration metric that is distinct from particle number concentration and respirable mass concentration. For future health effects or toxicological studies involving nano-materials or ultrafine aerosols, this finding needs to be considered, as exposure metrics may influence data interpretation.

40 CFR 264.231 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.231 Section 264.231 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Surface Impoundments § 264.231 Special...

40 CFR 264.317 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.317 Section 264.317 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Landfills § 264.317 Special requirements for...

40 CFR 264.317 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.317 Section 264.317 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Landfills § 264.317 Special requirements for...

40 CFR 264.231 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.231 Section 264.231 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Surface Impoundments § 264.231 Special...

40 CFR 264.231 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.231 Section 264.231 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Surface Impoundments § 264.231 Special...

40 CFR 264.317 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.317 Section 264.317 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Landfills § 264.317 Special requirements for...

40 CFR 264.283 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.283 Section 264.283 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Land Treatment § 264.283 Special requirements...

40 CFR 264.283 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.283 Section 264.283 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Land Treatment § 264.283 Special requirements...

40 CFR 264.283 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.283 Section 264.283 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Land Treatment § 264.283 Special requirements...

40 CFR 264.283 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.283 Section 264.283 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Land Treatment § 264.283 Special requirements...

40 CFR 264.259 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.259 Section 264.259 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Waste Piles § 264.259 Special requirements for...

40 CFR 264.259 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.259 Section 264.259 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Waste Piles § 264.259 Special requirements for...

40 CFR 264.259 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.259 Section 264.259 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES Waste Piles § 264.259 Special requirements for...

The soft X-ray coronal mass ejection above solar limb of 1998 April 23

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Xiao-juan

Using the observational materials of SXT/HXT aboard satellite Yohkoh and the Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH) on 1998-04-23, a comprehensive study of the soft X-ray coronal mass ejection (CME) above solar SE limb shows that there were two magnetic dipolar sources (MDSs), one magnetic capacity belt (MCB) between the MDSs, one neutral current sheet (NCS) and some rare activation sources (ASs). When the MCB was changed by the ASs to become a magnetic energy belt (MEB), both mass and energy were concentrated to form the NCS. When the MDSs were connected by the MEB, the NCS was formed and the CME occurred. Mass was ejected not only from the NCS, but also from the whole MEB. The expanding loop of the CME had the two MDSs as footpoints. The top of the loop was always inclined towards the footpoint of the weaker source, and its locus marks the NCS.

A Method to Estimate the Atomic Number and Mass Thickness of Intervening Materials in Uranium and Plutonium Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Streicher, Michael; Brown, Steven; Zhu, Yuefeng; Goodman, David; He, Zhong

2016-10-01

To accurately characterize shielded special nuclear materials (SNM) using passive gamma-ray spectroscopy measurement techniques, the effective atomic number and the thickness of shielding materials must be measured. Intervening materials between the source and detector may affect the estimated source isotopics (uranium enrichment and plutonium grade) for techniques which rely on raw count rates or photopeak ratios of gamma-ray lines separated in energy. Furthermore, knowledge of the surrounding materials can provide insight regarding the configuration of a device containing SNM. The described method was developed using spectra recorded using high energy resolution CdZnTe detectors, but can be expanded to any gamma-ray spectrometers with energy resolution of better than 1% FWHM at 662 keV. The effective atomic number, Z, and mass thickness of the intervening shielding material are identified by comparing the relative attenuation of different gamma-ray lines and estimating the proportion of Compton scattering interactions to photoelectric absorptions within the shield. While characteristic Kα x-rays can be used to identify shielding materials made of high Z elements, this method can be applied to all shielding materials. This algorithm has adequately estimated the effective atomic number for shields made of iron, aluminum, and polyethylene surrounding uranium samples using experimental data. The mass thicknesses of shielding materials have been estimated with a standard error of less than 1.3 g/cm2 for iron shields up to 2.5 cm thick. The effective atomic number was accurately estimated to 26 ± 5 for all iron thicknesses.

26Al- 26Mg and 207Pb- 206Pb systematics of Allende CAIs: Canonical solar initial 26Al/ 27Al ratio reinstated

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jacobsen, Benjamin; Yin, Qing-zhu; Moynier, Frederic; Amelin, Yuri; Krot, Alexander N.; Nagashima, Kazuhide; Hutcheon, Ian D.; Palme, Herbert

2008-07-01

The precise knowledge of the initial 26Al/ 27Al ratio [( 26Al/ 27Al) 0] is crucial if we are to use the very first solid objects formed in our Solar System, calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) as the "time zero" age-anchor and guide future work with other short-lived radio-chronometers in the early Solar System, as well as determining the inventory of heat budgets from radioactivities for early planetary differentiation. New high-precision multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) measurements of 27Al/ 24Mg ratios and Mg-isotopic compositions of nine whole-rock CAIs (six mineralogically characterized fragments and three micro-drilled inclusions) from the CV carbonaceous chondrite, Allende yield a well-defined 26Al- 26Mg fossil isochron with an ( 26Al/ 27Al) 0 of (5.23 ± 0.13) × 10 - 5 . Internal mineral isochrons obtained for three of these CAIs ( A44A, AJEF, and A43) are consistent with the whole-rock CAI isochron. The mineral isochron of AJEF with ( 26Al/ 27Al) 0 = (4.96 ± 0.25) × 10 - 5 , anchored to our precisely determined absolute 207Pb- 206Pb age of 4567.60 ± 0.36 Ma for the same mineral separates, reinstate the "canonical" ( 26Al/ 27Al) 0 of 5 × 10 - 5 for the early Solar System. The uncertainty in ( 26Al/ 27Al) 0 corresponds to a maximum time span of ± 20 Ka (thousand years), suggesting that the Allende CAI formation events were culminated within this time span. Although all Allende CAIs studied experienced multistage formation history, including melting and evaporation in the solar nebula and post-crystallization alteration likely on the asteroidal parent body, the 26Al- 26Mg and U-Pb-isotopic systematics of the mineral separates and bulk CAIs behaved largely as closed-system since their formation. Our data do not support the "supra-canonical" 26Al/ 27Al ratio of individual minerals or their mixtures in CV CAIs, suggesting that the supra-canonical 26Al/ 27Al ratio in the CV CAIs may have resulted from post

40 CFR 264.231 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.231 Section 264.231 Protection of Environment... chemical characteristics of the wastes, including their potential to migrate through soil or to volatilize...

40 CFR 192.23 - Effective date.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2012-07-01 2011-07-01 true Effective date. 192.23 Section 192.23 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) RADIATION PROTECTION PROGRAMS HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STANDARDS FOR URANIUM AND THORIUM MILL TAILINGS Implementation § 192.23...

40 CFR 192.23 - Effective date.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Effective date. 192.23 Section 192.23 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) RADIATION PROTECTION PROGRAMS HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STANDARDS FOR URANIUM AND THORIUM MILL TAILINGS Implementation § 192.23...

Measurement of the neutrino mixing angle θ 23 in NOvA

DOE PAGES

Adamson, P.; Aliaga, L.; Ambrose, D.; ...

2017-04-10

This Letter reports new results on muon neutrino disappearance from NOvA, using a 14 kton detector equivalent exposure ofmore » $$6.05\\times10^{20}$$ protons-on-target from the NuMI beam at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The measurement probes the muon-tau symmetry hypothesis that requires maximal mixing ($$\\theta_{23} = \\pi/4$$). Assuming the normal mass hierarchy, we find $$\\Delta m^2 = (2.67 \\pm 0.11)\\times 10^{-3}$$ eV$^2$ and $$\\sin^2 \\theta_{23}$$ at the two statistically degenerate values $$0.404^{+0.030}_{-0.022}$$ and $$0.624^{+0.022}_{-0.030}$$, both at the 68% confidence level. Finally, our data disfavor the maximal mixing scenario with 2.6 $$\\sigma$$ significance.« less

Classical-Nova Contribution to the Milky Way’s Al 26 Abundance: Exit Channel of the Key Al 25 ( p , γ ) Si 26 Resonance

DOE PAGES

Bennett, M. B.; Wrede, C.; Chipps, K. A.; ...

2013-12-04

We present that classical novae are expected to contribute to the 1809-keV Galactic γ-ray emission by producing its precursor 26Al, but the yield depends on the thermonuclear rate of the unmeasured 25Al(p,γ) 26Si reaction. Using the β decay of 26P to populate the key J π=3 + resonance in this reaction, we report the first evidence for the observation of its exit channel via a 1741.6±0.6(stat)±0.3(syst) keV primary γ ray, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. By combining the measured γ-ray energy and intensity with other experimental data on 26Si, we find the center-of-mass energy and strength of the resonance to be E r=414.9±0.6(stat)±0.3(syst)±0.6(lit.) keV and ωγ=23±6(stat)more » $$+11\\atop{-10}$$(lit.) meV, respectively, where the last uncertainties are from adopted literature data. Finally, we use hydrodynamic nova simulations to model 26Al production showing that these measurements effectively eliminate the dominant experimental nuclear-physics uncertainty and we estimate that novae may contribute up to 30% of the Galactic 26Al.« less

40 CFR 264.283 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.283 Section 264.283 Protection of Environment... characteristics of the wastes, including their potential to migrate through soil or to volatilize or escape into...

40 CFR 264.317 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.317 Section 264.317 Protection of Environment..., including their potential to migrate through the soil or to volatilize or escape into the atmosphere; (2...

40 CFR 264.259 - Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Special requirements for hazardous wastes FO20, FO21, FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27. 264.259 Section 264.259 Protection of Environment... through soil or to volatilize or escape into the atmosphere; (2) The attenuative properties of underlying...

Effect of Reynolds number on flow and mass transfer characteristics of a 90 degree elbow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fujisawa, Nobuyuki; Ikarashi, Yuya; Yamagata, Takayuki; Taguchi, Syoichi

2016-11-01

The flow and mass transfer characteristics of a 90 degree elbow was studied experimentally by using the mass transfer measurement by plaster dissolution method, the surface flow visualization by oil film method and stereo PIV measurement. The experiments are carried out in a water tunnel of a circular pipe of 56mm in diameter with a working fluid of water. The Reynolds number was varied from 30000 to 200000. The experimental result indicated the change of the mass transfer coefficient distribution in the elbow with increasing the Reynolds number. This phenomenon is further examined by the surface flow visualization and measurement of secondary flow pattern in the elbow, and the results showed the suggested change of the secondary flow pattern in the elbow with increasing the Reynolds numbers.

Relation between number of component views and accuracy of left ventricular mass determined by three-dimensional echocardiography.

PubMed

Chuang, Michael L; Salton, Carol J; Hibberd, Mark G; Manning, Warren J; Douglas, Pamela S

2007-05-01

Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) allows the accurate determination of left ventricular (LV) mass, but the optimal number of component or extracted 2-dimensional (2D) image planes that should be used to calculate LV mass is not known. This study was performed to determine the relation between the number of 2D image planes used for 3DE and the accuracy of LV mass, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging as the reference standard. Three-dimensional echocardiography data sets were analyzed using 4, 6, 8, 10 and 20 component 2D planes as well as biplane 2D echocardiography and CMR in 25 subjects with a variety of LV pathologies. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and the Bland-Altman method were used to compare measures of LV mass. To further assess the potential clinical impact of reducing the number of component image planes used for 3DE, the number of discrepancies between CMR and each of the 3DE estimates of LV mass at prespecified levels (i.e., > or =5%, > or =10%, and > or =20% difference from CMR LV mass) was tabulated. The mean LV mass by magnetic resonance imaging was 177 +/- 56 g (range 91 to 316). Biplane 2-dimensional echocardiography significantly underestimated CMR LV mass (p <0.05), but LV mass by 3DE was not statistically different from that by CMR regardless of the number of planes used. However, error variability and Bland-Altman 95% confidence intervals decreased with the use of additional image planes. In conclusion, transthoracic 3DE measures LV mass more accurately than biplane 2-dimensional echocardiography when > or =6 component 2D image planes are used. The use of >6 planes further increases the accuracy of 3DE, but at the cost of greater analysis time and potentially increased scanning times.

The Mass of Graviton and Its Relation to the Number of Information according to the Holographic Principle

PubMed Central

Gkigkitzis, Ioannis

2014-01-01

We investigate the relation of the mass of the graviton to the number of information N in a flat universe. As a result we find that the mass of the graviton scales as mgr∝1/N. Furthermore, we find that the number of gravitons contained inside the observable horizon is directly proportional to the number of information N; that is, N gr ∝ N. Similarly, the total mass of gravitons that exist in the universe is proportional to the number of information N; that is, Mgr∝N. In an effort to establish a relation between the graviton mass and the basic parameters of the universe, we find that the mass of the graviton is simply twice the Hubble mass m H as it is defined by Gerstein et al. (2003), times the square root of the quantity q − 1/2, where q is the deceleration parameter of the universe. In relation to the geometry of the universe we find that the mass of the graviton varies according to the relation mgr∝Rsc, and therefore m gr obviously controls the geometry of the space time through a deviation of the geodesic spheres from the spheres of Euclidean metric. PMID:27433513

Sperm competition games: sperm size (mass) and number under raffle and displacement, and the evolution of P2.

PubMed

Parker, G A; Immler, S; Pitnick, S; Birkhead, T R

2010-06-07

We examine models for evolution of sperm size (i.e. mass m) and number (s) under three mechanisms of sperm competition at low 'risk' levels: (i) raffle with no constraint on space available for competing sperm, (ii) direct displacement mainly by seminal fluid, and (iii) direct displacement mainly by sperm mass. Increasing sperm mass increases a sperm's 'competitive weight' against rival sperm through a diminishing returns function, r(m). ESS total ejaculate expenditure (the product m(*)s(*)) increases in all three models with sperm competition risk, q. If r(m), or ratio r'(m)/r(m), is independent of ESS sperm numbers, ESS sperm mass remains constant, and the sperm mass/number ratio (m(*)/s(*)) therefore decreases with risk. Dependency of sperm mass on risk can arise if r(m) depends on competing sperm density (sperm number / space available for sperm competition). Such dependencies generate complex relationships between sperm mass and number with risk, depending both on the mechanism and how sperm density affects r(m). While numbers always increase with risk, mass can either increase or decrease, but m(*)/s(*) typically decreases with risk unless sperm density strongly influences r(m). Where there is no extrinsic loading due to mating order, ESS paternity of the second (i.e. last) male to mate (P(2)) under displacement always exceeds 0.5, and increases with risk (in the raffle P(2)=0.5). Caution is needed when seeking evidence for a sperm size-number trade off. Although size and number trade-off independently against effort spent on acquiring matings, their product, m(*)s(*), is invariant or fixed at a given risk level, effectively generating a size-number trade off. However, unless controlled for the effects of risk, the relation between m(*) and s(*) can be either positive or negative (a positive relation is usually taken as evidence against a size-number trade off). Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Optimization of Tangential Mass Injection for Minimizing Flow Separation in a Scramjet Inlet

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-01

34 Aerospace EnQineering, Vol. 11. No. 8, August 1991, p.23. 26. Heppenheimer , Thomas A . Lecture notes from Hypersonic Technologies seminar. University...AFIT/GAE/ENY,/9 lD-2 ( /~ AD-A243 868 "DTIC OPTIMIZATION OF TANGENTIAL MASS INJECTION FOR MINIMIZING FLOW SEPARATION IN A SC.R-.MJET INLET THESIS...OF TANGENTIAL MASS INJECTION FOR MINIMIZING FLOW SEPARATION IN A SCRAMJET INLEr THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the School of E.ngineering of the

Intermediate-mass Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars and Sources of 26Al, 60Fe, 107Pd, and 182Hf in the Solar System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wasserburg, G. J.; Karakas, Amanda I.; Lugaro, Maria

2017-02-01

We explore the possibility that the short-lived radionuclides {}26{{A}}l, {}60{{F}}e, {}107{{P}}d, and {}182{{H}}f inferred to be present in the proto-solar cloud originated from 3-8 {M}⊙ asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. Models of AGB stars with initial mass above 5 {M}⊙ are prolific producers of {}26{{A}}l owing to hot bottom burning (HBB). In contrast, {}60{{F}}e, {}107{{P}}d, and {}182{{H}}f are produced by neutron captures: {}107{{P}}d and {}182{{H}}f in models ≲ 5 {M}⊙ , and {}60{{F}}e in models with higher mass. We mix stellar yields from solar-metallicity AGB models into a cloud of solar mass and composition to investigate whether it is possible to explain the abundances of the four radioactive nuclides at the Sun’s birth using one single value of the mixing ratio between the AGB yields and the initial cloud material. We find that AGB stars that experience efficient HBB (≥slant 6 {M}⊙ ) cannot provide a solution because they produce too little {}182{{H}}f and {}107{{P}}d relative to {}26{{A}}l and {}60{{F}}e. Lower-mass AGB stars cannot provide a solution because they produce too little {}26{{A}}l relative to {}107{{P}}d and {}182{{H}}f. A self-consistent solution may be found for AGB stars with masses in between (4-5.5 {M}⊙ ), provided that HBB is stronger than in our models and the {}13{{C}}(α, n){}16{{O}} neutron source is mildly activated. If stars of {{M}}< 5.5 {M}⊙ are the source of the radioactive nuclides, then some basis for their existence in proto-solar clouds needs to be explored, given that the stellar lifetimes are longer than the molecular cloud lifetimes.

Influence of trans-boundary biomass burning impacted air masses on submicron particle number concentrations and size distributions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Betha, Raghu; Zhang, Zhe; Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar

2014-08-01

Submicron particle number concentration (PNC) and particle size distribution (PSD) in the size range of 5.6-560 nm were investigated in Singapore from 27 June 2009 through 6 September 2009. Slightly hazy conditions lasted in Singapore from 6 to 10 August. Backward air trajectories indicated that the haze was due to the transport of biomass burning impacted air masses originating from wild forest and peat fires in Sumatra, Indonesia. Three distinct peaks in the morning (08:00-10:00), afternoon (13:00-15:00) and evening (16:00-20:00) were observed on a typical normal day. However, during the haze period no distinct morning and afternoon peaks were observed and the PNC (39,775 ± 3741 cm-3) increased by 1.5 times when compared to that during non-haze periods (26,462 ± 6017). The morning and afternoon peaks on the normal day were associated with the local rush hour traffic while the afternoon peak was induced by new particle formation (NPF). Diurnal profiles of PNCs and PSDs showed that primary particle peak diameters were large during the haze (60 nm) period when compared to that during the non-haze period (45.3 nm). NPF events observed in the afternoon period on normal days were suppressed during the haze periods due to heavy particle loading in atmosphere caused by biomass burning impacted air masses.

Is a top-heavy initial mass function needed to reproduce the submillimetre galaxy number counts?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Safarzadeh, Mohammadtaher; Lu, Yu; Hayward, Christopher C.

2017-12-01

Matching the number counts and redshift distribution of submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) without invoking modifications to the initial mass ffunction (IMF) has proved challenging for semi-analytic models (SAMs) of galaxy formation. We adopt a previously developed SAM that is constrained to match the z = 0 galaxy stellar mass function and makes various predictions which agree well with observational constraints; we do not recalibrate the SAM for this work. We implement three prescriptions to predict the submillimetre flux densities of the model galaxies; two depend solely on star formation rate, whereas the other also depends on the dust mass. By comparing the predictions of the models, we find that taking into account the dust mass, which affects the dust temperature and thus influences the far-infrared spectral energy distribution, is crucial for matching the number counts and redshift distribution of SMGs. Moreover, despite using a standard IMF, our model can match the observed SMG number counts and redshift distribution reasonably well, which contradicts the conclusions of some previous studies that a top-heavy IMF, in addition to taking into account the effect of dust mass, is needed to match these observations. Although we have not identified the key ingredient that is responsible for our model matching the observed SMG number counts and redshift distribution without IMF variation - which is challenging given the different prescriptions for physical processes employed in the SAMs of interest - our results demonstrate that in SAMs, IMF variation is degenerate with other physical processes, such as stellar feedback.

40 CFR 191.23 - General provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false General provisions. 191.23 Section 191.23 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) RADIATION PROTECTION PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION PROTECTION STANDARDS FOR MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL OF SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL...

40 CFR 191.23 - General provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2012-07-01 2011-07-01 true General provisions. 191.23 Section 191.23 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) RADIATION PROTECTION PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION PROTECTION STANDARDS FOR MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL OF SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL...

Applied Sports Nutrition Support, Dietary Intake and Body Composition Changes of a Female Athlete Completing 26 Marathons in 26 Days: A Case Study.

PubMed

McManus, Chris J; Murray, Kelly A; Parry, David A

2017-03-01

The aim of this case study is to describe the nutrition practices of a female recreational runner (VO 2 max 48.9 ml · kg -1 · min -1 ) who completed 26 marathons (42.195 km) in 26 consecutive days. Information relating to the nutritional intake of female runners during multi-day endurance events is extremely limited, yet the number of people participating year-on-year continues to increase. This case study reports the nutrition intervention, dietary intake, body composition changes and performance in the lead-up and during the 26 days. Prior to undertaking the 26 marathon challenge, three consultations were held between the athlete and a sports nutrition advisor; planning and tailoring the general diet and race-specific strategies to the endurance challenge. During the marathons, the mean energy and fluid intake was 1039.7 ± 207.9 kcal (607.1 - 1453.2) and 2.39 ± 0.35 L (1.98 - 3.19). Mean hourly carbohydrate intake was 38.9 g·hr -1 . 11 days following the completion of the 26 marathons, body mass had reduced by 4.6 kg and lean body mass increasing by 0.53 kg when compared with 20 days prior. This case study highlights the importance of providing general and event-specific nutrition education when training for such an event. This is particularly prudent for multi-day endurance running events.

39 CFR 777.26 - Mobile homes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 39 Postal Service 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Mobile homes. 777.26 Section 777.26 Postal Service... POLICIES Uniform Relocation Assistance § 777.26 Mobile homes. (a) Moving Expenses. Displaced persons who are occupants of mobile homes are eligible for moving expenses under § 777.23 subject to the following...

39 CFR 777.26 - Mobile homes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 39 Postal Service 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Mobile homes. 777.26 Section 777.26 Postal Service... POLICIES Uniform Relocation Assistance § 777.26 Mobile homes. (a) Moving Expenses. Displaced persons who are occupants of mobile homes are eligible for moving expenses under § 777.23 subject to the following...

39 CFR 777.26 - Mobile homes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 39 Postal Service 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Mobile homes. 777.26 Section 777.26 Postal Service... POLICIES Uniform Relocation Assistance § 777.26 Mobile homes. (a) Moving Expenses. Displaced persons who are occupants of mobile homes are eligible for moving expenses under § 777.23 subject to the following...

39 CFR 777.26 - Mobile homes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 39 Postal Service 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Mobile homes. 777.26 Section 777.26 Postal Service... POLICIES Uniform Relocation Assistance § 777.26 Mobile homes. (a) Moving Expenses. Displaced persons who are occupants of mobile homes are eligible for moving expenses under § 777.23 subject to the following...

39 CFR 777.26 - Mobile homes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 39 Postal Service 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Mobile homes. 777.26 Section 777.26 Postal Service... POLICIES Uniform Relocation Assistance § 777.26 Mobile homes. (a) Moving Expenses. Displaced persons who are occupants of mobile homes are eligible for moving expenses under § 777.23 subject to the following...

Proceedings of the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) International Conference on e-Learning (Prague, Czech Republic, July 23-26, 2013)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nunes, Miguel Baptista, Ed.; McPherson, Maggie, Ed.

2013-01-01

These proceedings contain the papers of the International Conference e-Learning 2013, which was organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society and is part of the Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (Prague, Czech Republic, July 23-26, 2013). The e-Learning 2013 conference aims to…

Measurements of production cross sections of 10Be and 26Al by 120 GeV and 392 MeV proton bombardment of 89Y, 159Tb, and natCu targets

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sekimoto, S.; Okumura, S.; Yashima, H.

2015-08-12

The production cross sections of 10Be and 26Al were measured by accelerator mass spectrometry using 89Y, 159Tb, and natCu targets bombarded by protons with energies E p of 120 GeV and 392 MeV. The production cross sections obtained for 10Be and 26Al were compared with those previously reported using E p = 50 MeV–24 GeV and various targets. It was found that the production cross sections of 10Be monotonically increased with increasing target mass number when the proton energy was greater than a few GeV. On the other hand, it was also found that the production cross sections of 10Bemore » decreased as the target mass number increased from that of carbon to those near the mass numbers of nickel and zinc when the proton energy was below approximately 1 GeV. They also increased as the target mass number increased from near those of nickel and zinc to that of bismuth, in the same proton energy range. Similar results were observed in the production cross sections of 26Al, though the absolute values were quite different between 10Be and 26Al. As a result, the difference between these production cross sections may depend on the impact parameter (nuclear radius) and/or the target nucleus stiffness.« less

21 CFR 73.3123 - 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one. 73.3123 Section 73.3123 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION Medical...

21 CFR 73.3123 - 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one. 73.3123 Section 73.3123 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION Medical...

21 CFR 73.3123 - 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one. 73.3123 Section 73.3123 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION Medical...

21 CFR 73.3123 - 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one. 73.3123 Section 73.3123 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION Medical...

21 CFR 73.3123 - 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false 6-Ethoxy-2-(6-ethoxy-3-oxobenzo[b]thien-2(3H)-ylidene) benzo[b]thiophen-3 (2H)-one. 73.3123 Section 73.3123 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION Medical...

Star Formation in Taurus: Preliminary Results from 2MASS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beichman, C. A.; Jarrett, T.

1993-01-01

Data with the 2MASS prototype camera were obtained in a 2.3 sq. deg region in Taurus containing Heiles Cloud 2, a region known from IRAS observations to contain a number of very young solar type stars.

Parameters, Volume 23, Number 4, Winter 1993-94

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

Periodicals, American Foreign Policy Index, Current Military Literature, and PAIS Bulletin. Book reviews are indexed in Book Review Index. Parameters is...that can be made available to units with rapid-deployment missions. 15 . Michael Howard, "Military Science in an Age of Peace," p. 7. 26 Parameters 4 Law...Rocm, American Bar Association Journal, December 1991. 6. The CENTCOM peacetime rules of engagement are contained on USCINCCENT Order 525-11 and are

The structure of Al-23 and astrophysical consequences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhai, Yongjun

Motivated by existing nuclear astrophysics problems, the b-decay of the proton rich nucleus 23 Al was studied for the first time with pure samples which were obtained by using the 1 H( 24 Mg, 23 Al)2n reaction and the MARS recoil separator at Texas A&M University. b and b-g coincidence measurements were made with a fast tape-transport system, scintillator, BGO and HPGe g detectors. The experiment allowed us to measure absolute b branching ratios and to determine log ft values for transitions to final states in 23 Mg, including the isobaric analog state (IAS), and, therefore, to determine unambiguously the spin and parity of the 23 Al ground state to be J p = 5/2 + . This work excludes the large increases in the radiative proton capture cross section for the reaction 22 Mg(p,g) 23 Al at astrophysical energies, which were implied by claims that the spin and parity of the 23 Al ground state were J p = 1/2 + . More precise half life and mass determinations of 23 Al were obtained from the experimental data. The log ft for the Fermi transition to its isobaric analog state in 23 Mg was also determined for the first time. This IAS and a state 16 keV below it were observed, well separated in the same experiment for the first time. The b- decay scheme of the proton rich nucleus 23 Al was established. We can now solve a number of inconsistencies in the literature, exclude strong isospin mixing claimed before, and obtain a new determination of the resonance strength. The IAS and the state 16 keV below it are resonances in the 22 Na(p,g) 23 Mg reaction at energies that are important in novae. This second state turns out to be the resonance that gives the most important contribution in the depletion of 22Na from novae. Both of the reactions of 22 Mg(p,g) 23 Al and 22 Na(p,g) 23 Mg have been suggested as possible candidates for diverting some of the flux in oxygen-neon novae explosions from the A=22 into the A=23 mass chain.

Mass, surface area and number metrics in diesel occupational exposure assessment.

PubMed

Ramachandran, Gurumurthy; Paulsen, Dwane; Watts, Winthrop; Kittelson, David

2005-07-01

While diesel aerosol exposure assessment has traditionally been based on the mass concentration metric, recent studies have suggested that particle number and surface area concentrations may be more health-relevant. In this study, we evaluated the exposures of three occupational groups-bus drivers, parking garage attendants, and bus mechanics-using the mass concentration of elemental carbon (EC) as well as surface area and number concentrations. These occupational groups are exposed to mixtures of diesel and gasoline exhaust on a regular basis in various ratios. The three groups had significantly different exposures to workshift TWA EC with the highest levels observed in the bus garage mechanics and the lowest levels in the parking ramp booth attendants. In terms of surface area, parking ramp attendants had significantly greater exposures than bus garage mechanics, who in turn had significantly greater exposures than bus drivers. In terms of number concentrations, the exposures of garage mechanics exceeded those of ramp booth attendants by a factor of 5-6. Depending on the exposure metric chosen, the three occupational groups had quite different exposure rankings. This illustrates the importance of the choice of exposure metric in epidemiological studies. If these three occupational groups were part of an epidemiological study, depending on the metric used, they may or may not be part of the same similarly exposed group (SEG). The exposure rankings (e.g., low, medium, or high) of the three groups also changes with the metric used. If the incorrect metric is used, significant misclassification errors may occur.

8p23.1 duplication syndrome differentiated from copy number variation of the defensin cluster at prenatal diagnosis in four new families

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background The 8p23.1 duplication syndrome and copy number variation of the 8p23.1 defensin gene cluster are cytogenetically indistinguishable but distinct at the molecular level. To our knowledge, the 8p23.1 duplication syndrome has been described at prenatal diagnosis only once and we report our experience with four further apparent duplications ascertained at prenatal diagnosis. Methods Additional material at band 8p23.1 was detected using conventional G-banded cytogenetics in each case. Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) or Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation (FISH) were used depending on whether only DNA (Cases 1 and 4) or cytogenetic preparations (Cases 2 and 3) were available from the laboratory of origin. The extent of the duplication in Case 1 was retrospectively determined using array Comparative Genomic Hybridisation (array CGH). Results Three cases of 8p23.1 duplication syndrome were found (Cases 1 to 3). Two were de novo and continued to term and the third, a paternally transmitted duplication, was terminated because of a previous child with psychomotor delay and 8p23.1 duplication syndrome. Case 1 was ascertained with a hypoplastic left heart but the ventricular septal and interventricular defects, in Cases 2 and 3 respectively, were found after ascertainment for advanced maternal age. By contrast, case 4 was a maternally transmitted copy number variation of the defensin cluster with normal outcome. Conclusions Our data underline the need to differentiate 8p23.1 duplications from copy number variation of the defensin cluster using FISH, MLPA or array CGH. Cardiac defects were ascertained by ultrasound in only one of the three duplication 8p23.1 pregnancies but were visible in two of the three at 21 to 22 weeks gestation. Our results provide further evidence that both deletion and duplication of the GATA4 transcription factor can give rise to a variety of conotruncal heart defects with variable penetrance and expressivity. PMID

Radon remediation and prevention status in 23 European countries.

PubMed

Holmgren, O; Arvela, H; Collignan, B; Jiránek, M; Ringer, W

2013-12-01

Radon remediation and prevention aim at reducing indoor radon concentrations in the existing and new buildings. This paper gives an estimate of the number of dwellings where remediation or preventive measures have been applied so far in Europe. Questionnaires were sent to contact persons in national radiation protection authorities and radon-related research institutes. Answers from 23 European countries were obtained. Approximately 26 000 dwellings have been remediated in total. Millions of dwellings remain to be remediated and the number is increasing due to the rare use of radon prevention. These facts imply a need for an efficient radon strategy to promote radon remediation. Moreover, the importance of radon prevention in new construction and the regulations concerning radon in the national building codes should be emphasised.

26 CFR 301.6109-2 - Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to... the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes of the Food Stamp Act of 1977. (a) In general. The Secretary of Agriculture may require each applicant retail food store...

26 CFR 301.6109-2 - Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to... the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes of the Food Stamp Act of 1977. (a) In general. The Secretary of Agriculture may require each applicant retail food store...

26 CFR 301.6109-2 - Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to... the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes of the Food Stamp Act of 1977. (a) In general. The Secretary of Agriculture may require each applicant retail food store...

26 CFR 301.6109-2 - Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to... the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes of the Food Stamp Act of 1977. (a) In general. The Secretary of Agriculture may require each applicant retail food store...

26 CFR 301.6109-2 - Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to... the Secretary of Agriculture to collect employer identification numbers for purposes of the Food Stamp Act of 1977. (a) In general. The Secretary of Agriculture may require each applicant retail food store...

45 CFR 213.23a - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2014-10-01 2012-10-01 true Discovery. 213.23a Section 213.23a Public Welfare... Discovery. The Department and any party named in the notice issued pursuant to § 213.11 shall have the right to conduct discovery (including depositions) against opposing parties. Rules 26-37 of the Federal...

45 CFR 213.23a - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Discovery. 213.23a Section 213.23a Public Welfare... Discovery. The Department and any party named in the notice issued pursuant to § 213.11 shall have the right to conduct discovery (including depositions) against opposing parties. Rules 26-37 of the Federal...

45 CFR 213.23a - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Discovery. 213.23a Section 213.23a Public Welfare... Discovery. The Department and any party named in the notice issued pursuant to § 213.11 shall have the right to conduct discovery (including depositions) against opposing parties. Rules 26-37 of the Federal...

45 CFR 213.23a - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2013-10-01 2012-10-01 true Discovery. 213.23a Section 213.23a Public Welfare... Discovery. The Department and any party named in the notice issued pursuant to § 213.11 shall have the right to conduct discovery (including depositions) against opposing parties. Rules 26-37 of the Federal...

45 CFR 213.23a - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Discovery. 213.23a Section 213.23a Public Welfare... Discovery. The Department and any party named in the notice issued pursuant to § 213.11 shall have the right to conduct discovery (including depositions) against opposing parties. Rules 26-37 of the Federal...

CALL in a Climate of Change: Adapting to Turbulent Global Conditions. Short Papers from EUROCALL 2017 (25th, Southampton, United Kingdom, August 23-26, 2017)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Borthwick, Kate, Ed.; Bradley, Linda, Ed.; Thouësny, Sylvie, Ed.

2017-01-01

The 25th European Association of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (EUROCALL) conference was hosted by Modern Languages and Linguistics at the University of Southampton, in the United Kingdom, from the 23rd to the 26th of August 2017. The theme of the conference was "CALL in a climate of change." The theme encompassed the notion of how…

Tumor-associated FGF-23-induced hypophosphatemic rickets in children: a case report and review of the literature.

PubMed

Burckhardt, Marie-Anne; Schifferli, Alexandra; Krieg, Andreas H; Baumhoer, Daniel; Szinnai, Gabor; Rudin, Christoph

2015-01-01

Tumor-associated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23)-induced hypophosphatemic rickets is a rare but known pediatric entity first described in 1959. It results from local production of phosphatonins by benign and malignant mesenchymal tumors. We report an 8-year-old boy with tumor-associated hypophosphatemic rickets due to paraneoplastic FGF-23 secretion from a benign mesenchymal pelvic-bone tumor. Excessive FGF-23 production was visualized by immunohistochemistry in the resected tumor. Phosphate wasting stopped immediately after tumor resection. We reviewed 26 reports of pediatric patients with tumor-induced hypophosphatemic rickets; paraneoplastic FGF-23 secretion was documented in only three of them. All tumors developed inside bone, were benign in 21/26 cases, and were localized in femur/tibia (13/26), radius/ulna/humerus (7/26), pelvis (4/26), rib (1/26), and craniofacial (1/26) bones. Mean interval between onset of signs and/or symptoms and diagnosis was 34 months. In patients with hypophosphatemic rickets acquired beyond infancy, radiologic investigations for bone tumors need to be performed rapidly. In contrast to biochemical screening for increased circulating FGF-23 levels, immunohistochemical confirmation of FGF-23 production in resected tumor tissue can be regarded as being well established.

23 CFR 810.300 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway Public Mass Transit Projects § 810.300 Purpose. The purpose of this subpart is to implement 23 U.S.C. 142(a)(2), which allows the Urban Mass Transportation...

23 CFR 810.300 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway Public Mass Transit Projects § 810.300 Purpose. The purpose of this subpart is to implement 23 U.S.C. 142(a)(2), which allows the Urban Mass Transportation...

Body mass index and infectious disease mortality in midlife in a cohort of 2.3 million adolescents.

PubMed

Twig, G; Geva, N; Levine, H; Derazne, E; Goldberger, N; Haklai, Z; Leiba, A; Kark, J D

2017-10-30

Obesity was linked to altered immunity, but also to favorable outcomes among patients with infectious disease (ID) in some settings. We assessed the association between adolescent body mass index (BMI) and ID mortality. BMI of 2 294 139 Israeli adolescents (60% men; age 17.4±0.3 years) was measured between 1967 and 2010. The outcome, obtained by linkage with official national records, was death due to ID as the underlying cause. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were applied. During 42 297 007 person-years of follow-up (median 18.4 years), there were 689 deaths from ID (mean age 44.1±10.5 years). Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) were 1.039 (1.011-1.068) and 1.146 (1.099-1.194) among men and women, respectively, per unit increment in BMI (P for sex interaction=4.4 × 10 -5 ). Adjusted hazard ratios among men were 1.2 (1.0-1.5), 1.9 (1.4-2.5) and 2.5 (1.5-4.2) for those with high-normal BMI (22.0-24.9 kg m -2 ), overweight and obese, respectively, compared with the 18.5⩽BMI<22 kg m -2 reference group, and 1.7 (1.1-2.6), 2.6 (1.6-4.3) and 6.6 (3.3-13.1) among women, respectively. The increased risk among underweight (<18.5 kg m -2 ) boys was attenuated when the study sample was restricted to those with unimpaired health at baseline. A multivariable spline model indicated a minimum risk for total ID mortality at 20.7 and 18.0 kg m -2 for men and women, respectively, with significantly increased risk seen above adolescent BMI values of 23.6 and 24.0 kg m -2 , respectively. The association with BMI was particularly evident for bacterial infections (predominantly sepsis), airways and central nervous system infections (63% of the ID deaths). Adolescent overweight and obesity were strongly associated with ID mortality, especially of bacterial origin and among women.International Journal of Obesity advance online publication, 26 December 2017; doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.263.

The rapid assembly of an elliptical galaxy of 400 billion solar masses at a redshift of 2.3.

PubMed

Fu, Hai; Cooray, Asantha; Feruglio, C; Ivison, R J; Riechers, D A; Gurwell, M; Bussmann, R S; Harris, A I; Altieri, B; Aussel, H; Baker, A J; Bock, J; Boylan-Kolchin, M; Bridge, C; Calanog, J A; Casey, C M; Cava, A; Chapman, S C; Clements, D L; Conley, A; Cox, P; Farrah, D; Frayer, D; Hopwood, R; Jia, J; Magdis, G; Marsden, G; Martínez-Navajas, P; Negrello, M; Neri, R; Oliver, S J; Omont, A; Page, M J; Pérez-Fournon, I; Schulz, B; Scott, D; Smith, A; Vaccari, M; Valtchanov, I; Vieira, J D; Viero, M; Wang, L; Wardlow, J L; Zemcov, M

2013-06-20

Stellar archaeology shows that massive elliptical galaxies formed rapidly about ten billion years ago with star-formation rates of above several hundred solar masses per year. Their progenitors are probably the submillimetre bright galaxies at redshifts z greater than 2. Although the mean molecular gas mass (5 × 10(10) solar masses) of the submillimetre bright galaxies can explain the formation of typical elliptical galaxies, it is inadequate to form elliptical galaxies that already have stellar masses above 2 × 10(11) solar masses at z ≈ 2. Here we report multi-wavelength high-resolution observations of a rare merger of two massive submillimetre bright galaxies at z = 2.3. The system is seen to be forming stars at a rate of 2,000 solar masses per year. The star-formation efficiency is an order of magnitude greater than that of normal galaxies, so the gas reservoir will be exhausted and star formation will be quenched in only around 200 million years. At a projected separation of 19 kiloparsecs, the two massive starbursts are about to merge and form a passive elliptical galaxy with a stellar mass of about 4 × 10(11) solar masses. We conclude that gas-rich major galaxy mergers with intense star formation can form the most massive elliptical galaxies by z ≈ 1.5.

Outflow activities in the young high-mass stellar object G23.44-0.18

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ren, Jeremy Zhiyuan; Liu, Tie; Wu, Yuefang; Li, Lixin

2011-07-01

We present an observational study towards the young high-mass star-forming region G23.44-0.18 using the Submillimeter Array. Two massive, radio-quiet dusty cores MM1 and MM2 are observed in 1.3-mm continuum emission and dense molecular gas tracers including thermal CH3OH, CH3CN, HNCO, SO, and OCS lines. The 12CO (2-1) line reveals a strong bipolar outflow originating from MM2. The outflow consists of a low-velocity component with wide-angle quasi-parabolic shape and a more compact and collimated high-velocity component. The overall geometry resembles the outflow system observed in the low-mass protostar which has a jet-driven fast flow and entrained gas shell. The outflow has a dynamical age of 6 × 103 yr and a mass loss rate ˜10-3 M ⊙ yr-1. A prominent shock emission in the outflow is observed in SO and OCS, and also detected in CH3OH and HNCO. We investigated the chemistry of MM1, MM2 and the shocked region. The dense core MM2 have molecular abundances of three to four times higher than those in MM1. The abundance excess, we suggest, can be a net effect of the stellar evolution and embedded shocks in MM2 that calls for further inspection.

Constraints on the Dark Matter Particle Mass from the Number of Milky Way Satellites

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-12

but our lower mass limits do not necessarily apply to mixed dark matter cosmologies . Higgs decay produced sterile neutrinos can, however, constitute...simulations of the growth of Milky Way-sized halos in cold and warm dark matter cosmologies . The number of dark matter satellites in our simulated Milky...tions of WDM cosmologies due to numerical artifacts produced by discrete sampling of the gravitational poten- tial with a finite number of particles

40 CFR 258.23 - Explosive gases control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Explosive gases control. 258.23... FOR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS Operating Criteria § 258.23 Explosive gases control. (a) Owners or... facility does not exceed 25 percent of the lower explosive limit for methane in facility structures...

Visualizing Arp2/3 complex activation mediated by binding of ATP and WASp using structural mass spectrometry

PubMed Central

Kiselar, Janna G.; Mahaffy, Rachel; Pollard, Thomas D.; Almo, Steven C.; Chance, Mark R.

2007-01-01

Actin-related protein (Arp) 2/3 complex nucleates new branches in actin filaments playing a key role in controlling eukaryotic cell motility. This process is tightly regulated by activating factors: ATP and WASp-family proteins. However, the mechanism of activation remains largely hypothetical. We used radiolytic protein footprinting with mass spectrometry in solution to probe the effects of nucleotide- and WASp-binding on Arp2/3. These results represent two significant advances in such footprinting approaches. First, Arp2/3 is the most complex macromolecular assembly yet examined; second, only a few picomoles of Arp2/3 was required for individual experiments. In terms of structural biology of Arp 2/3, we find that ATP binding induces conformational changes within Arp2/3 complex in Arp3 (localized in peptide segments 5–18, 212–225, and 318–327) and Arp2 (within peptide segment 300–316). These data are consistent with nucleotide docking within the nucleotide clefts of the actin-related proteins promoting closure of the cleft of the Arp3 subunit. However, ATP binding does not induce conformational changes in the other Arp subunits. Arp2/3 complex binds to WASp within the C subdomain at residue Met 474 and within the A subdomain to Trp 500. Our data suggest a bivalent attachment of WASp to Arp3 (within peptides 162–191 and 318–329) and Arp2 (within peptides 66–80 and 87–97). WASp-dependent protections from oxidation within peptides 54–65 and 80–91 of Arp3 and in peptides 300–316 of Arp2 suggest domain rearrangements of Arp2 and Arp3 resulting in a closed conformational state consistent with an “actin-dimer” model for the active state. PMID:17251352

Mother and offspring fitness in an insect with maternal care: phenotypic trade-offs between egg number, egg mass and egg care

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Oviparous females have three main options to increase their reproductive success: investing into egg number, egg mass and/or egg care. Although allocating resources to either of these three components is known to shape offspring number and size, potential trade-offs among them may have key impacts on maternal and offspring fitness. Here, we tested the occurrence of phenotypic trade-offs between egg number, egg mass and maternal expenditure on egg care in the European earwig, Forficula auricularia, an insect with pre- and post-hatching forms of maternal care. In particular, we used a series of laboratory observations and experiments to investigate whether these three components non-additively influenced offspring weight and number at hatching, and whether they were associated with potential costs to females in terms of future reproduction. Results We found negative associations between egg number and mass as well as between egg number and maternal expenditure on egg care. However, these trade-offs could only be detected after statistically correcting for female weight at egg laying. Hatchling number was not determined by single or additive effects among the three life-history traits, but instead by pairwise interactions among them. In particular, offspring number was positively associated with the number of eggs only in clutches receiving high maternal care or consisting of heavy eggs, and negatively associated with mean egg mass in clutches receiving low care. In contrast, offspring weight was positively associated with egg mass only. Finally, maternal expenditure on egg care reduced their future reproduction, but this effect was only detected when mothers were experimentally isolated from their offspring at egg hatching. Conclusions Overall, our study reveals simultaneous trade-offs between the number, mass and care of eggs. It also demonstrates that these factors interact in their impact on offspring production, and that maternal expenditure on egg

Circulatory microRNA 23a and microRNA 23b and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): the effects of body mass index and sex hormones in an Eastern Han Chinese population.

PubMed

Xiong, Weixi; Lin, Ying; Xu, Lili; Tamadon, Amin; Zou, Shien; Tian, Fubo; Shao, Ruijin; Li, Xin; Feng, Yi

2017-02-13

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of genes involved in various cellular functions related to metabolism, inflammation, and reproduction. This study evaluated the effects of sex hormones and obesity on the expression of circulating miR-23a and miR-23b in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy women. Serum sex hormones concentrations and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 18 women with PCOS and in 30 healthy women from the East China area and these measurements were correlated with serum miR-23a/b levels. The effect of miR-23a and miR-23b risk factors on occurrence of PCOS and predisposing factors of PCOS on these miRNA expressions were evaluated. The expressions of miR-23a/b were significantly lower in the women with PCOS than the normal women, and the expression levels of miR-23a/b were positively correlated with each other in the normal women (p = 0.001) but not in the women with PCOS (p > 0.05). In the women with PCOS, miR-23a was positively correlated with BMI (p = 0.03). However, no correlations were found between the levels of miR-23a/b and the sex hormones in the normal and PCOS women. On the other hand, without considering the presence or absence of PCOS, increase in BMI had a positive effect on the levels of circulating miR-23b; while testosterone had negative effects on the levels of circulating miR-23a. Furthermore, the likelihood of women with PCOS decreased by 0.01-fold for every 1 fold increase of miR-23a expression. Both reduced levels and discordance between the expressions of miR-23a/b were observed in the women with PCOS and miR-23a/b were affected from testosterone and BMI, reversely. Therefore, miR-23a alteration in contrast with miR-23b is a better indicator for evaluation of PCOS than the miR-23b.

23 CFR 172.5 - Methods of procurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Methods of procurement. 172.5 Section 172.5 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PAYMENT PROCEDURES ADMINISTRATION OF... to 23 U.S.C. 112(b)(2) in accordance with 49 CFR part 26. (c) Compensation. The cost plus a...

23 CFR 172.5 - Methods of procurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Methods of procurement. 172.5 Section 172.5 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PAYMENT PROCEDURES ADMINISTRATION OF... to 23 U.S.C. 112(b)(2) in accordance with 49 CFR part 26. (c) Compensation. The cost plus a...

40 CFR 258.23 - Explosive gases control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2012-07-01 2011-07-01 true Explosive gases control. 258.23 Section... MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS Operating Criteria § 258.23 Explosive gases control. (a) Owners or operators... does not exceed 25 percent of the lower explosive limit for methane in facility structures (excluding...

33 CFR 181.23 - Hull identification numbers required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Hull identification numbers... identification numbers required. (a) A manufacturer must identify each boat produced or imported with primary and secondary hull identification numbers permanently affixed in accordance with § 181.29 of this subpart. (b) A...

33 CFR 181.23 - Hull identification numbers required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Hull identification numbers... identification numbers required. (a) A manufacturer must identify each boat produced or imported with primary and secondary hull identification numbers permanently affixed in accordance with § 181.29 of this subpart. (b) A...

Isolation of a new anti-inflammatory 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27-octanorcucurbitacin-type triterpene from Ibervillea sonorae.

PubMed

Jardón-Delgado, Angel; Magos-Guerrero, Gil Alfonso; Martínez-Vázquez, Mariano

2014-01-01

A new cucurbitane-type triterpene, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27-octanorcucurbita-5-ene-3, 11, 16-trione (1), named kinoin D, was isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant Ibervillea sonorae, (wereque). The structure of 1 was established on the basis of extensive NMR and MS studies. In addition, the known kinoins B (3) and C (5) were isolated, as were 16alpha-20,25-trihydroxy-3alpha-(2-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosiyl-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-(10alpha)-cucurbit-5-en-11,22-dione (6), (22S)-16alpha,22-diacetoxy-20,25-dihydroxy-3alpha-[3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-glucopyranosyl]-(10alpha)-cucurbita-5,23t-dien-11-one (7) and 16alpha-acetoxy-20,25-dihydroxy-3alpha-[3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-O-(2,3,4,-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-(10alpha)-cucurbita-5-ene-11,22-dione (8). Compound 1 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in TPA-induced edema in mice.

Mass attenuation coefficients of several bio-adhesive based oil palm particleboards at 16.59-25.26 keV photon energies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abdu Mustapa, U. A.; Yusof, M. F. Mohd; Hamid, P. N. K. Abd; Hashim, R.; Ahmad, M. Z.; Aziz, M. Z. Abd

2018-01-01

Particleboards made of oil palm with addition of polylactic acid (PLA), starch, and fish oil were fabricated with target density of 1.0 g/cm3. The mass attenuation coefficients of the particleboards were measured using x-ray fluorescence (XRF) configuration in conjunction with niobium, molybdenum, palladium and tin metal plates that provided Kα1 photon energies between 16.59 and 25.26 keV. The results were compared to the calculated value of water using XCOM. The results showed that all particleboards having mass attenuation coefficients near to the value of water with the mass attenuation coefficient different less than 0.25. The method of fabrication did not give significant different to the mass attenuation coefficients of the particleboards. The results had indicated the potential of bio-adhesive based palm oil particleboards to be developed as phantoms for low energy photons.

27 CFR 40.23 - Cigarette tax rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Cigarette tax rates. 40.23... OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) TOBACCO MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS, CIGARETTE PAPERS AND TUBES, AND PROCESSED TOBACCO Taxes § 40.23 Cigarette tax rates. Cigarettes are taxed at the following rates under 26 U...

27 CFR 40.23 - Cigarette tax rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Cigarette tax rates. 40.23... OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) TOBACCO MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS, CIGARETTE PAPERS AND TUBES, AND PROCESSED TOBACCO Taxes § 40.23 Cigarette tax rates. Cigarettes are taxed at the following rates under 26 U...

27 CFR 40.23 - Cigarette tax rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Cigarette tax rates. 40.23... OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) TOBACCO MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS, CIGARETTE PAPERS AND TUBES, AND PROCESSED TOBACCO Taxes § 40.23 Cigarette tax rates. Cigarettes are taxed at the following rates under 26 U...

27 CFR 40.23 - Cigarette tax rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Cigarette tax rates. 40.23... OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) TOBACCO MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS, CIGARETTE PAPERS AND TUBES, AND PROCESSED TOBACCO Taxes § 40.23 Cigarette tax rates. Cigarettes are taxed at the following rates under 26 U...

27 CFR 40.23 - Cigarette tax rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Cigarette tax rates. 40.23... OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) TOBACCO MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS, CIGARETTE PAPERS AND TUBES, AND PROCESSED TOBACCO Taxes § 40.23 Cigarette tax rates. Cigarettes are taxed at the following rates under 26 U...

Aerobic and resistance training dependent skeletal muscle plasticity in the colon-26 murine model of cancer cachexia.

PubMed

Khamoui, Andy V; Park, Bong-Sup; Kim, Do-Houn; Yeh, Ming-Chia; Oh, Seung-Lyul; Elam, Marcus L; Jo, Edward; Arjmandi, Bahram H; Salazar, Gloria; Grant, Samuel C; Contreras, Robert J; Lee, Won Jun; Kim, Jeong-Su

2016-05-01

The appropriate mode of exercise training for cancer cachexia is not well-established. Using the colon-26 (C26) mouse model of cancer cachexia, we defined and compared the skeletal muscle responses to aerobic and resistance training. Twelve-month old Balb/c mice were initially assigned to control, aerobic training (AT; wheel running), or resistance training (RT; ladder climbing) (n=16-17/group). After 8weeks of training, half of each group was injected with C26 tumor cells, followed by 3 additional weeks of training. Body composition and neuromuscular function was evaluated pre- and post-training. Muscles were collected post-training and analyzed for fiber cross-sectional area (CSA), Akt-mTOR signaling, and expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and myogenic regulatory factors. Total body mass decreased (p<0.05) in C26 (-8%), AT+C26 (-18%), and RT+C26 (-15%) but not control. Sensorimotor function declined (p<0.05) in control (-16%), C26 (-13%), and RT+C26 (-23%) but not AT+C26. Similarly, strength/body weight decreased (p<0.05) in control (-7%), C26 (-21%), and RT+C26 (-10%) but not AT+C26. Gastrocnemius mass/body weight tended to be greater in AT+C26 vs. C26 (+6%, p=0.09). Enlargement of the spleen was partially corrected in AT+C26 (-27% vs. C26, p<0.05). Fiber CSA was lower in all C26 groups vs. control (-32% to 46%, p<0.05); however, the effect size calculated from C26 and AT+C26 was large (+24%, d=1.04). Phosphorylated levels of mTOR in AT+C26 exceeded C26 (+32%, p<0.05). RT+C26 showed greater mRNA expression (p<0.05) of IGF-IEa (+79%) and myogenin (+126%) with a strong tendency for greater IGF-IEb (+127%, p=0.069) vs. Aerobic or resistance training was unable to prevent tumor-induced body weight loss. However, aerobic training may have preserved function, reduced the inflammatory response of the spleen, and marginally rescued muscle mass possibly through activation of mTOR. Aerobic training may therefore have therapeutic value for patients with

Source apportionment of PM2.5 chemically speciated mass and particle number concentrations in New York City

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Masiol, M.; Hopke, P. K.; Felton, H. D.; Frank, B. P.; Rattigan, O. V.; Wurth, M. J.; LaDuke, G. H.

2017-01-01

The major sources of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in New York City (NYC) were apportioned by applying positive matrix factorization (PMF) to two different sets of particle characteristics: mass concentrations using chemical speciation data and particle number concentrations (PNC) using number size distribution, continuously monitored gases, and PM2.5 data. Post-processing was applied to the PMF results to: (i) match with meteorological data, (ii) use wind data to detect the likely locations of the local sources, and (iii) use concentration weighted trajectory models to assess the strength of potential regional/transboundary sources. Nine sources of PM2.5 mass were apportioned and identified as: secondary ammonium sulfate, secondary ammonium nitrate, road traffic exhaust, crustal dust, fresh sea-salt, aged sea-salt, biomass burning, residual oil/domestic heating and zinc. The sources of PNC were investigated using hourly average number concentrations in six size bins, gaseous air pollutants, mass concentrations of PM2.5, particulate sulfate, OC, and EC. These data were divided into 3 periods indicative of different seasonal conditions. Five sources were resolved for each period: secondary particles, road traffic, NYC background pollution (traffic and oil heating largely in Manhattan), nucleation and O3-rich aerosol. Although traffic does not account for large amounts of PM2.5 mass, it was the main source of particles advected from heavily trafficked zones. The use of residual oil had limited impacts on PM2.5 mass but dominates PNC in cold periods.

23 CFR 810.200 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Purpose. 810.200 Section 810.200 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE... rights-of-way for rail or other non-highway public mass transit facilities. ...

Body mass index influences prostate cancer risk at biopsy in Japanese men.

PubMed

Masuda, Hitoshi; Kagawa, Makoto; Kawakami, Satoru; Numao, Noboru; Matsuoka, Yoh; Yokoyama, Minato; Yamamoto, Shinya; Yonese, Junji; Fukui, Iwao; Kihara, Kazunori

2013-07-01

To determine the relationship between body mass index and prostate cancer risk at biopsy in Japanese men, and to compared the risk with that of Caucasian men. We retrospectively evaluated 3966 men with prostate-specific antigen levels from 2.5 to 19.9 ng/mL who underwent an initial extended prostate biopsy. Using logistic regression, odds ratios of each body mass index category for risk of prostate cancer and high-grade disease (Gleason score ≥4 + 3) were estimated after controlling for age, prostate-specific antigen, %free prostate-specific antigen, prostate volume, digital rectal examination findings, family history of prostate cancer and the number of biopsy cores. Patients were divided into six categories according to their body mass index (kg/m(2) ) as follows: <21.0, 21.0-22.9, 23.0-24.9, 25.0-26.9, 27.0-29.9 and ≥30.0. A significant positive association was observed between body mass index and prostate cancer risk at biopsy, with an increased risk observed in men whose body mass index was ≥27.0 compared with the reference group. A significantly increased risk starting at body mass index ≥25.0 was found in high-grade disease. In contrast to our results, there has been no reported increase in the risk of prostate cancer at biopsy in Caucasians within the overweight range (body mass index of 25.0-29.9 based on World Health Organization classification). Japanese men within the overweight body mass index range who have an elevated prostate-specific antigen level also have a significant risk of harboring prostate cancer, especially high-grade disease. Overweight Japanese might be at greater prostate cancer risk at biopsy than overweight Caucasians. © 2012 The Japanese Urological Association.

Sixth Goddard Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies Held in Cooperation with the Fifteenth IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kobler, Benjamin (Editor); Hariharan, P. C. (Editor)

1998-01-01

This document contains copies of those technical papers received in time for publication prior to the Sixth Goddard Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies which is being held in cooperation with the Fifteenth IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems at the University of Maryland-University College Inn and Conference Center March 23-26, 1998. As one of an ongoing series, this Conference continues to provide a forum for discussion of issues relevant to the management of large volumes of data. The Conference encourages all interested organizations to discuss long term mass storage requirements and experiences in fielding solutions. Emphasis is on current and future practical solutions addressing issues in data management, storage systems and media, data acquisition, long term retention of data, and data distribution. This year's discussion topics include architecture, tape optimization, new technology, performance, standards, site reports, vendor solutions. Tutorials will be available on shared file systems, file system backups, data mining, and the dynamics of obsolescence.

23 CFR 810.8 - Coordination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Coordination. 810.8 Section 810.8 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE... Transportation Administrator shall coordinate with each other on any projects involving public mass transit to...

Influence of mileage accumulation on the particle mass and number emissions of two gasoline direct injection vehicles.

PubMed

Maricq, M Matti; Szente, Joseph J; Adams, Jack; Tennison, Paul; Rumpsa, Todd

2013-10-15

Gasoline direct injection (GDI) is a new engine technology intended to improve fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions as required by recently enacted legislative and environmental regulations. The development of this technology must also ensure that these vehicles meet new LEV III and Tier 3 emissions standards as they phase in between 2017 and 2021. The aim of the present paper is to examine, at least for a small set, how the PM emissions from GDI vehicles change over their lifetime. The paper reports particle mass and number emissions of two GDI vehicles as a function of mileage up to 150K miles. These vehicles exhibit PM emissions that are near or below the upcoming 3 mg/mi FTP and 10 mg/mi US06 mass standards with little, if any, deterioration over 150K miles. Particle number emissions roughly follow the previously observed 2 × 10(12) particles/mg correlation between solid particle number and PM mass. They remained between the interim and final EU stage 6 solid particle count standard for gasoline vehicles throughout the mileage accumulation study. These examples demonstrate feasibility to meet near-term 3 mg/mi and interim EU solid particle number standards, but continued development is needed to ensure that this continues as further fuel economy improvements are made.

PUB22 and PUB23 U-BOX E3 ligases directly ubiquitinate RPN6, a 26S proteasome lid subunit, for subsequent degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana.

PubMed

Cho, Seok Keun; Bae, Hansol; Ryu, Moon Young; Wook Yang, Seong; Kim, Woo TaeK

2015-09-04

Drought stress strongly affects plant growth and development, directly connected with crop yields, accordingly. However, related to the function of U-BOX E3 ligases, the underlying molecular mechanisms of desiccation stress response in plants are still largely unknown. Here we report that PUB22 and PUB23, two U-box E3 ligase homologs, tether ubiquitins to 19S proteasome regulatory particle (RP) subunit RPN6, leading to its degradation. RPN6 was identified as an interacting substrate of PUB22 by yeast two-hybrid screening, and in vitro pull-down assay confirmed that RPN6 interacts not only with PUB22, but also with PUB23. Both PUB22 and PUB23 were able to conjugate ubiquitins on RPN6 in vitro. Furthermore, RPN6 showed a shorter protein half-life in PUB22 overexpressing plants than in wild-type, besides RPN6 was significantly stabilized in pub22pub23 double knockout plants. Taken together, these results solidify a notion that PUB22 and PUB23 can alter the activity of 26S proteasome in response to drought stress. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Determination of xylazine and 2,6-xylidine in animal tissues by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Zheng, Xiaochun; Mi, Xiaoxia; Li, Sicong; Chen, Gang

2013-06-01

Xylazine is a potent α2-adrenergic agonist used in veterinary medicine for sedation, analgesia, muscle relaxation, and so on. Its residue in animal-derived food may cause the food safety problem. Moreover, the metabolite 2,6-xylidine was reported to be a genotoxic and carcinogenic compound. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high sensitive method for analyzing xylazine and metabolite residue in animal products. Here, we described a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of xylazine and 2,6-xylidine in 4 animal tissues: liver, meat, kidney, and fat. The samples were extracted by acetonitrile, and further clean up by hexane. The analysis was performed on a C18 reversed-phase column and API 5000 Triple Quadrupole mass spectrometry with positive electrospray ionization interface operating in the multiple-reaction monitoring mode. For all of the investigated sample matrix, the limit of detection (limit of quantitation) for xylazine and 2,6-xylidine were 0.06 (0.2) and 1.5 (5) μg/kg, respectively, the recoveries were between 63.5% and 90.8%. The precision was within the range of required criteria for method development. The presented method is sensitive and reproducible, and thus suitable for accurate quantification of xylazine and metabolite residue in animal-derived food products. © 2013 Institute of Food Technologists®

Observation of a charged (DD*)± mass peak in e+ e- → πDD* at sqrt[s] = 4.26  GeV.

PubMed

Ablikim, M; Achasov, M N; Albayrak, O; Ambrose, D J; An, F F; An, Q; Bai, J Z; Baldini Ferroli, R; Ban, Y; Becker, J; Bennett, J V; Bertani, M; Bian, J M; Boger, E; Bondarenko, O; Boyko, I; Braun, S; Briere, R A; Bytev, V; Cai, H; Cai, X; Cakir, O; Calcaterra, A; Cao, G F; Cetin, S A; Chang, J F; Chelkov, G; Chen, G; Chen, H S; Chen, J C; Chen, M L; Chen, S J; Chen, X R; Chen, Y B; Cheng, H P; Chu, X K; Chu, Y P; Cronin-Hennessy, D; Dai, H L; Dai, J P; Dedovich, D; Deng, Z Y; Denig, A; Denysenko, I; Destefanis, M; Ding, W M; Ding, Y; Dong, L Y; Dong, M Y; Du, S X; Fang, J; Fang, S S; Fava, L; Feng, C Q; Friedel, P; Fu, C D; Fu, J L; Fuks, O; Gao, Y; Geng, C; Goetzen, K; Gong, W X; Gradl, W; Greco, M; Gu, M H; Gu, Y T; Guan, Y H; Guo, A Q; Guo, L B; Guo, T; Guo, Y P; Han, Y L; Harris, F A; He, K L; He, M; He, Z Y; Held, T; Heng, Y K; Hou, Z L; Hu, C; Hu, H M; Hu, J F; Hu, T; Huang, G M; Huang, G S; Huang, J S; Huang, L; Huang, X T; Huang, Y; Hussain, T; Ji, C S; Ji, Q; Ji, Q P; Ji, X B; Ji, X L; Jiang, L L; Jiang, X S; Jiao, J B; Jiao, Z; Jin, D P; Jin, S; Jing, F F; Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N; Kavatsyuk, M; Kloss, B; Kopf, B; Kornicer, M; Kuehn, W; Lai, W; Lange, J S; Lara, M; Larin, P; Leyhe, M; Li, C H; Li, Cheng; Li, Cui; Li, D L; Li, D M; Li, F; Li, G; Li, H B; Li, J C; Li, K; Li, Lei; Li, N; Li, P R; Li, Q J; Li, W D; Li, W G; Li, X L; Li, X N; Li, X Q; Li, X R; Li, Z B; Liang, H; Liang, Y F; Liang, Y T; Liao, G R; Lin, D X; Liu, B J; Liu, C L; Liu, C X; Liu, F H; Liu, Fang; Liu, Feng; Liu, H B; Liu, H H; Liu, H M; Liu, J P; Liu, K; Liu, K Y; Liu, P L; Liu, Q; Liu, S B; Liu, X; Liu, Y B; Liu, Z A; Liu, Zhiqiang; Liu, Zhiqing; Loehner, H; Lou, X C; Lu, G R; Lu, H J; Lu, J G; Lu, X R; Lu, Y P; Luo, C L; Luo, M X; Luo, T; Luo, X L; Lv, M; Ma, F C; Ma, H L; Ma, Q M; Ma, S; Ma, T; Ma, X Y; Maas, F E; Maggiora, M; Malik, Q A; Mao, Y J; Mao, Z P; Messchendorp, J G; Min, J; Min, T J; Mitchell, R E; Mo, X H; Moeini, H; MoralesMorales, C; Moriya, K; Muchnoi, N Yu; Muramatsu, H; Nefedov, Y; Nikolaev, I B; Ning, Z; Nisar, S; Olsen, S L; Ouyang, Q; Pacetti, S; Park, J W; Pelizaeus, M; Peng, H P; Peters, K; Ping, J L; Ping, R G; Poling, R; Prencipe, E; Qi, M; Qian, S; Qiao, C F; Qin, L Q; Qin, X S; Qin, Y; Qin, Z H; Qiu, J F; Rashid, K H; Redmer, C F; Ripka, M; Rong, G; Ruan, X D; Sarantsev, A; Schumann, S; Shan, W; Shao, M; Shen, C P; Shen, X Y; Sheng, H Y; Shepherd, M R; Song, W M; Song, X Y; Spataro, S; Spruck, B; Sun, G X; Sun, J F; Sun, S S; Sun, Y J; Sun, Y Z; Sun, Z J; Sun, Z T; Tang, C J; Tang, X; Tapan, I; Thorndike, E H; Toth, D; Ullrich, M; Uman, I; Varner, G S; Wang, B; Wang, D; Wang, D Y; Wang, K; Wang, L L; Wang, L S; Wang, M; Wang, P; Wang, P L; Wang, Q J; Wang, S G; Wang, X F; Wang, X L; Wang, Y D; Wang, Y F; Wang, Y Q; Wang, Z; Wang, Z G; Wang, Z H; Wang, Z Y; Wei, D H; Wei, J B; Weidenkaff, P; Wen, Q G; Wen, S P; Werner, M; Wiedner, U; Wu, L H; Wu, N; Wu, S X; Wu, W; Wu, Z; Xia, L G; Xia, Y X; Xiao, Z J; Xie, Y G; Xiu, Q L; Xu, G F; Xu, Q J; Xu, Q N; Xu, X P; Xue, Z; Yan, L; Yan, W B; Yan, W C; Yan, Y H; Yang, H X; Yang, Y; Yang, Y X; Yang, Y Z; Ye, H; Ye, M; Ye, M H; Yu, B X; Yu, C X; Yu, H W; Yu, J S; Yu, S P; Yuan, C Z; Yuan, W L; Yuan, Y; Zafar, A A; Zallo, A; Zang, S L; Zeng, Y; Zhang, B X; Zhang, B Y; Zhang, C; Zhang, C B; Zhang, C C; Zhang, D H; Zhang, H H; Zhang, H Y; Zhang, J L; Zhang, J Q; Zhang, J W; Zhang, J Y; Zhang, J Z; Zhang, LiLi; Zhang, S H; Zhang, X J; Zhang, X Y; Zhang, Y; Zhang, Y H; Zhang, Z P; Zhang, Z Y; Zhang, Zhenghao; Zhao, G; Zhao, J W; Zhao, Lei; Zhao, Ling; Zhao, M G; Zhao, Q; Zhao, S J; Zhao, T C; Zhao, X H; Zhao, Y B; Zhao, Z G; Zhemchugov, A; Zheng, B; Zheng, J P; Zheng, Y H; Zhong, B; Zhou, L; Zhou, X; Zhou, X K; Zhou, X R; Zhu, K; Zhu, K J; Zhu, X L; Zhu, Y C; Zhu, Y S; Zhu, Z A; Zhuang, J; Zou, B S; Zou, J H

2014-01-17

We report on a study of the process e+ e- → π± (DD*)∓ at sqrt[s] = 4.26  GeV using a 525 pb(-1) data sample collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring. A distinct charged structure is observed in the (DD*)∓ invariant mass distribution. When fitted to a mass-dependent-width Breit-Wigner line shape, the pole mass and width are determined to be Mpole = (3883.9±1.5(stat)±4.2(syst))  MeV/c2 and Γpole = (24.8±3.3(stat)±11.0(syst))  MeV. The mass and width of the structure, which we refer to as Zc(3885), are 2σ and 1σ, respectively, below those of the Zc(3900) → π± J/ψ peak observed by BESIII and Belle in π+ π- J/ψ final states produced at the same center-of-mass energy. The angular distribution of the πZc(3885) system favors a JP = 1+ quantum number assignment for the structure and disfavors 1- or 0-. The Born cross section times the DD* branching fraction of the Zc(3885) is measured to be σ(e+ e- → π± Zc(3885)∓)×B(Zc(3885)∓ → (DD*)∓) = (83.5±6.6(stat)±22.0(syst))   pb. Assuming the Zc(3885) → DD* signal reported here and the Zc(3900) → πJ/ψ signal are from the same source, the partial width ratio (Γ(Zc(3885) → DD*)/Γ(Zc(3900) → πJ/ψ)) = 6.2±1.1(stat)±2.7(syst) is determined.

Gas Turbine Engine Nonvolatile Particulate Matter Mass Emissions: Correlation with Smoke Number for Conventional and Alternative Fuel Blends.

PubMed

Christie, Simon; Lobo, Prem; Lee, David; Raper, David

2017-01-17

This study evaluates the relationship between the emissions parameters of smoke number (SN) and mass concentration of nonvolatile particulate matter (nvPM) in the exhaust of a gas turbine engine for a conventional Jet A-1 and a number of alternative fuel blends. The data demonstrate the significant impact of fuel composition on the emissions and highlight the magnitude of the fuel-induced uncertainty for both SN within the Emissions Data Bank as well as nvPM mass within the new regulatory standard under development. Notwithstanding these substantial differences, the data show that correlation between SN and nvPM mass concentration still adheres to the first order approximation (FOA3), and this agreement is maintained over a wide range of fuel compositions. Hence, the data support the supposition that the FOA3 is applicable to engines burning both conventional and alternative fuel blends without adaptation or modification. The chemical composition of the fuel is shown to impact mass and number concentration as well as geometric mean diameter of the emitted nvPM; however, the data do not support assertions that the emissions of black carbon with small mean diameter will result in significant deviations from FOA3.

40 CFR 194.23 - Models and computer codes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Models and computer codes. 194.23... General Requirements § 194.23 Models and computer codes. (a) Any compliance application shall include: (1... obtain stable solutions; (iv) Computer models accurately implement the numerical models; i.e., computer...

40 CFR 194.23 - Models and computer codes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2012-07-01 2011-07-01 true Models and computer codes. 194.23... General Requirements § 194.23 Models and computer codes. (a) Any compliance application shall include: (1... obtain stable solutions; (iv) Computer models accurately implement the numerical models; i.e., computer...

STS-26 Discovery, OV-103, SSME (2019) installed in position number one at KSC

NASA Image and Video Library

1988-01-10

S88-29076 (10 Jan 1988) --- KSC employees work together to carefully guide a 7,000 pound main engine into the number one position in Discovery's aft compartment. Because of the engine's weight and size, special handling equipment is needed to perform the installation. Discovery is currently being prepared for the upcoming STS-26 mission in bay 1 of the Orbiter Processing Facility. This engine, 2019, arrived at KSC on Jan. 6 and was installed Jan. 10. The other two engines are scheduled to be installed later this month. The shuttle's three main liquid fueled engines provide the main propulsion for the orbiter vehicle. The cluster of three engines operate in parallel with the solid rocket boosters during the initial ascent.

Gender, mature appearance, alcohol use, and dating as correlates of sexual partner accumulation from ages 16-26 years.

PubMed

Zimmer-Gembeck, Melanie J; Collins, W Andrew

2008-06-01

To determine growth in sexual partnering from age 16-26 years, and to test whether biological and social factors launched these growth patterns. A prospective design was used. Participants were 176 young people (47% female) followed from birth to age 26 years. Sexual partnering was measured as the accumulated number of different sexual intercourse partners at ages 16, 19, 23, and 26 years. Physical appearance of maturity, alcohol use, and dating were measured at ages 13-16 via observations, interviews, and questionnaires. Mature appearance at age 13 years, use of alcohol more than monthly at age 16, and a history of a steady romantic partner before age 16 were each associated with a greater number of sexual intercourse partners by age 16. However a more mature appearance, more frequent alcohol use, and greater dating involvement did not foreshadow a steeper accumulation of sexual partners between ages 16 and 26. Only gender had such a "growth" influence, with males accruing sexual partners more rapidly from the ages of 16-26 years when compared with females. Adolescents had accumulated a higher number of sexual partners by age 16 years when they looked older, drank alcohol more frequently, and were more involved with dating in early to middle adolescence. Also male gender was associated with accumulation of sexual partners more rapidly between ages 16 and 26 years, and there was little indication that the accumulation of different sexual partners had begun to slow by age 26 for the average participant.

23 CFR 810.202 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Applicability. 810.202 Section 810.202 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass Transit Projects § 810.202 Applicability...

A comparative investigation of ultrafine particle number and mass emissions from a fleet of on-road diesel and CNG buses.

PubMed

Jayaratne, E R; He, C; Ristovski, Z D; Morawska, L; Johnson, G R

2008-09-01

Particle number, particle mass, and CO2 concentrations were measured on the curb of a busy urban busway used entirely by a mix of diesel and CNG operated buses. With the passage of each bus, the ratio of particle number concentration and particle mass concentration to CO2 concentration in the diluted exhaust plume were used as measures of the particle number and mass emission factors, respectively. With all buses accelerating pastthe monitoring point, the results showed that the median particle mass emission from CNG buses was less than 9% of that from diesel buses. However, the median particle number emission from CNG buses was 6 times higher than the diesel buses, and the particles from the CNG buses were mainly in the nanoparticle size range. Using a thermodenuder to remove the volatile material from the sampled emissions showed that the majority of particles from the CNG buses, but not from the diesel buses, were volatile. Approximately, 82% of the particles from the CNG buses and 38% from the diesel buses were removed by heating the emissions to 300 degrees C.

Comparison of two estimation methods for surface area concentration using number concentration and mass concentration of combustion-related ultrafine particles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Ji Young; Raynor, Peter C.; Maynard, Andrew D.; Eberly, Lynn E.; Ramachandran, Gurumurthy

Recent research has suggested that the adverse health effects caused by nanoparticles are associated with their surface area (SA) concentrations. In this study, SA was estimated in two ways using number and mass concentrations and compared with SA (SA meas) measured using a diffusion charger (DC). Aerosol measurements were made twice: once starting in October 2002 and again starting in December 2002 in Mysore, India in residences that used kerosene or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking. Mass, number, and SA concentrations and size distributions by number were measured in each residence. The first estimation method (SA PSD) used the size distribution by number to estimate SA. The second method (SA INV) used a simple inversion scheme that incorporated number and mass concentrations while assuming a lognormal size distribution with a known geometrical standard deviation. SA PSD was, on average, 2.4 times greater (range = 1.6-3.4) than SA meas while SA INV was, on average, 6.0 times greater (range = 4.6-7.7) than SA meas. The logarithms of SA PSD and SA INV were found to be statistically significant predictors of the logarithm of SA meas. The study showed that particle number and mass concentration measurements can be used to estimate SA with a correction factor that ranges between 2 and 6.

Analysis of age, stature, body mass, BMI and quality of elite soccer players from 4 European Leagues.

PubMed

Bloomfield, J; Polman, R; Butterly, R; O'Donoghue, P

2005-03-01

The aim was to identify which league (English Premier League, Spanish La Liga Division, Italian Serie A and German Bundesliga) contained the highest quality players and whether differences in age, stature, body mass and BMI existed between the different positions in different leagues. Data were collected concerning 2,085 professional soccer players playing in these 4 leagues during the 2001-2002 season. Player quality was determined by the leagues' number of international players and their nations' FIFA World Ranking (FWR). The La Liga Division contained the highest quality players (mean FWR) (11.5+/-13.8), followed by the Serie A (13.3+/-21.3), the Premier League (30.6+/-27.3) and the Bundesliga (30.7+/-27.1), respectively. Also, differences were found between the age, stature, body mass and BMI of players in different positions and in the different leagues. Age had a significant influence on position with goalkeepers (years) (27.4+/-5.3) being older than midfielders (26.2+/-4.3) and forwards (25.8+/-4.2) and defenders (26.8+/-4.3) being older than forwards. Players from the Bundesliga had the greatest stature (m) (1.83+/-0.06), body mass (kg) (77.5+/-6.4) and BMI (kg x m(-2)) (23.2+/-1.1) of the 4 leagues. In reflection, La Liga's players had the shortest stature (1.80+/-0.06) and the Serie A players had the least body mass (74.3+/-5.4) and BMI (22.8+/-1.1). The differences discovered suggest either differences in playing style and physical demands of the different leagues, different physical conditioning methods or, alternatively, that there are desirable characteristics of players with teams in all 4 leagues seeking such players.

Type NASA-23

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Binayak, Panda; Jones, Clyde S. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

NASA-23 alloy has been designed to fulfil NASA's unique need for a high strength, oxidation-and corrosion resistant alloy that is compatible with a high-pressure hydrogen environment. This alloy is a precipitation hardened iron-nickel base alloy with excellent strength and ductility art gaseous hydrogen (GH2), comparable to those of other alloys in its class, Inconel 718 and IN-903. NASA-23 has been designed with a sufficient amount of chromium to provide good corrosion/oxidation resistance. For hydrogen resistance, the alloy maintains a (Ni + Co)/Fe ratio close to 1.26, the same as that of Incoloy 903. Hardening constituents, Nb, Ti, and Al, are optimized for strength and ductility both in air and GH2 atmospheres.

Longitudinal Study of Two Irish Dairy Herds: Low Numbers of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 and O26 Super-Shedders Identified.

PubMed

Murphy, Brenda P; McCabe, Evonne; Murphy, Mary; Buckley, James F; Crowley, Dan; Fanning, Séamus; Duffy, Geraldine

2016-01-01

A 12-month longitudinal study was undertaken on two dairy herds to ascertain the Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 and O26 shedding status of the animals and its impact (if any) on raw milk. Cattle are a recognized reservoir for these organisms with associated public health and environmental implications. Animals shedding E. coli O157 at >10,000 CFU/g of feces have been deemed super-shedders. There is a gap in the knowledge regarding super-shedding of other STEC serogroups. A cohort of 40 lactating cows from herds previously identified as positive for STEC in a national surveillance project were sampled every second month between August, 2013 and July, 2014. Metadata on any potential super-shedders was documented including, e.g., age of the animal, number of lactations and days in lactation, nutritional condition, somatic cell count and content of protein in milk to assess if any were associated with risk factors for super-shedding. Recto-anal mucosal swabs (RAMS), raw milk, milk filters, and water samples were procured for each herd. The swabs were examined for E. coli O157 and O26 using a quantitative real time PCR method. Counts (CFU swab -1 ) were obtained from a standard calibration curve that related real-time PCR cycle threshold ( C t ) values against the initial concentration of O157 or O26 in the samples. Results from Farm A: 305 animals were analyzed; 15 E. coli O157 (5%) were recovered, 13 were denoted STEC encoding either stx1 and/or stx2 virulence genes and 5 (2%) STEC O26 were recovered. One super-shedder was identified shedding STEC O26 ( stx1 &2). Farm B: 224 animals were analyzed; eight E. coli O157 (3.5%) were recovered (seven were STEC) and 9 (4%) STEC O26 were recovered. Three super-shedders were identified, one was shedding STEC O157 ( stx2 ) and two STEC O26 ( stx2 ). Three encoded the adhering and effacement gene ( eae) and one isolate additionally encoded the haemolysin gene ( hlyA ). All four super-shedders were only super

Longitudinal Study of Two Irish Dairy Herds: Low Numbers of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 and O26 Super-Shedders Identified

PubMed Central

Murphy, Brenda P.; McCabe, Evonne; Murphy, Mary; Buckley, James F.; Crowley, Dan; Fanning, Séamus; Duffy, Geraldine

2016-01-01

A 12-month longitudinal study was undertaken on two dairy herds to ascertain the Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 and O26 shedding status of the animals and its impact (if any) on raw milk. Cattle are a recognized reservoir for these organisms with associated public health and environmental implications. Animals shedding E. coli O157 at >10,000 CFU/g of feces have been deemed super-shedders. There is a gap in the knowledge regarding super-shedding of other STEC serogroups. A cohort of 40 lactating cows from herds previously identified as positive for STEC in a national surveillance project were sampled every second month between August, 2013 and July, 2014. Metadata on any potential super-shedders was documented including, e.g., age of the animal, number of lactations and days in lactation, nutritional condition, somatic cell count and content of protein in milk to assess if any were associated with risk factors for super-shedding. Recto-anal mucosal swabs (RAMS), raw milk, milk filters, and water samples were procured for each herd. The swabs were examined for E. coli O157 and O26 using a quantitative real time PCR method. Counts (CFU swab-1) were obtained from a standard calibration curve that related real-time PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values against the initial concentration of O157 or O26 in the samples. Results from Farm A: 305 animals were analyzed; 15 E. coli O157 (5%) were recovered, 13 were denoted STEC encoding either stx1 and/or stx2 virulence genes and 5 (2%) STEC O26 were recovered. One super-shedder was identified shedding STEC O26 (stx1&2). Farm B: 224 animals were analyzed; eight E. coli O157 (3.5%) were recovered (seven were STEC) and 9 (4%) STEC O26 were recovered. Three super-shedders were identified, one was shedding STEC O157 (stx2) and two STEC O26 (stx2). Three encoded the adhering and effacement gene (eae) and one isolate additionally encoded the haemolysin gene (hlyA). All four super-shedders were only super-shedding once

Effect of Schmidt number on mass transfer across a sheared gas-liquid interface in a wind-driven turbulence.

PubMed

Takagaki, Naohisa; Kurose, Ryoichi; Kimura, Atsushi; Komori, Satoru

2016-11-14

The mass transfer across a sheared gas-liquid interface strongly depends on the Schmidt number. Here we investigate the relationship between mass transfer coefficient on the liquid side, k L , and Schmidt number, Sc, in the wide range of 0.7 ≤ Sc ≤ 1000. We apply a three-dimensional semi direct numerical simulation (SEMI-DNS), in which the mass transfer is solved based on an approximated deconvolution model (ADM) scheme, to wind-driven turbulence with mass transfer across a sheared wind-driven wavy gas-liquid interface. In order to capture the deforming gas-liquid interface, an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method is employed. Our results show that similar to the case for flat gas-liquid interfaces, k L for the wind-driven wavy gas-liquid interface is generally proportional to Sc -0.5 , and can be roughly estimated by the surface divergence model. This trend is endorsed by the fact that the mass transfer across the gas-liquid interface is controlled mainly by streamwise vortices on the liquid side even for the wind-driven turbulence under the conditions of low wind velocities without wave breaking.

Effect of Schmidt number on mass transfer across a sheared gas-liquid interface in a wind-driven turbulence

PubMed Central

Takagaki, Naohisa; Kurose, Ryoichi; Kimura, Atsushi; Komori, Satoru

2016-01-01

The mass transfer across a sheared gas-liquid interface strongly depends on the Schmidt number. Here we investigate the relationship between mass transfer coefficient on the liquid side, kL, and Schmidt number, Sc, in the wide range of 0.7 ≤ Sc ≤ 1000. We apply a three-dimensional semi direct numerical simulation (SEMI-DNS), in which the mass transfer is solved based on an approximated deconvolution model (ADM) scheme, to wind-driven turbulence with mass transfer across a sheared wind-driven wavy gas-liquid interface. In order to capture the deforming gas-liquid interface, an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method is employed. Our results show that similar to the case for flat gas-liquid interfaces, kL for the wind-driven wavy gas-liquid interface is generally proportional to Sc−0.5, and can be roughly estimated by the surface divergence model. This trend is endorsed by the fact that the mass transfer across the gas-liquid interface is controlled mainly by streamwise vortices on the liquid side even for the wind-driven turbulence under the conditions of low wind velocities without wave breaking. PMID:27841325

Impact of the 26mAl(p, γ) reaction to galactic 26Al yield

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kahl, D.; Shimizu, H.; Yamaguchi, H.; Abe, K.; Beliuskina, O.; Cha, S. M.; Chae, K. Y.; Chen, A. A.; Ge, Z.; Hayakawa, S.; Imai, N.; Iwasa, N.; Kim, A.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, M. J.; Kubono, S.; Kwag, M. S.; Liang, J.; Moon, J. Y.; Nishimura, S.; Oka, S.; Park, S. Y.; Psaltis, A.; Teranishi, T.; Ueno, Y.; Yang, L.

2018-04-01

Astrophysical observables that are directly linked to nuclear physics inputs provide critical and stringent constraints on nucleosynthetic models. As 26Al was the first specific radioactivity observed in the Galaxy, its origin has fascinated the nuclear astrophysics community for nearly forty years. Despite extensive research, the precise origins of 26Al remain elusive. At present, the sum of all putative stellar contributions generally overestimates the 26Al mass in the interstellar medium. Among the many reactions that influence the yield of 26Al, radiative proton capture on its isomer 26mAl is one of the least constrained reactions by experimental data. To this end, we developed a 26Al isomeric beam and performed proton elastic scattering to search for low-spin states in 27Si. The experimental method and the preliminary results of this on-going study will be presented.

Improved Diagnostic Accuracy in Characterization of Adnexal Masses by Detection of Choline Peak Using 1H MR Spectroscopy in Comparison to Internal Reference at 3 Tesla.

PubMed

Malek, Mahrooz; Pourashraf, Maryam; Gilani, Mitra Modares; Gity, Masoumeh

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess the role of the presence of a choline peak in 3 Tesla 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for differentiating benign from malignant adnexal masses. A total of 46 adnexal masses (23 malignant and 23 benign) underwent 1H MRS study prior to surgery to assess the presence of choline peak. A choline peak was detected in 16 malignant masses (69.5%) and was absent in the other 7 (30.5%). A choline peak was only detected in 6 (26%) of the benign adnexal masses. The presence of an MRS choline peak had a sensitivity of 69.5%, a specificity of 74%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 72.7%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 71% for diagnosing malignant adnexal masses. A significant difference between the frequency of mean choline peaks in benign and malignant adnexal masses was observed (P value<0.01). A 1H MRS choline peak is seen in malignant adnexal masses more frequently than the benign masses, and may be helpful for diagnosing malignant adnexal masses.

Colonic mass movements in idiopathic chronic constipation.

PubMed Central

Bassotti, G; Gaburri, M; Imbimbo, B P; Rossi, L; Farroni, F; Pelli, M A; Morelli, A

1988-01-01

As relatively little is known of human colonic motor activity either in health, or in pathological conditions, we investigated mass movements in 14 chronically constipated patients and 18 healthy volunteers. Mass movements were recorded from proximal and distal colon during 24 h (12 noon-12 noon) by a colonoscopically positioned multilumen manometric probe and low compliance infusion system. Patients and controls differed significantly in the number (mean 2.6 (0.7) v 6.1 (0.9) (SE), p = 0.02) and duration (mean 8.2 (1.6) v 14.1 (0.8) s, p = 0.04) of mass movements. The data suggest that one pathophysiological mechanism of constipation may be decreased propulsive activity. A circadian pattern, with a significant difference between day and night distribution, was documented in both groups. The patients reported decreased defecatory stimulus concomitant with the mass movements. Images Fig. 1 PMID:3197990

Re-examining the 26Mg(α ,α')26Mg reaction: Probing astrophysically important states in 26Mg

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adsley, P.; Brümmer, J. W.; Li, K. C. W.; Marín-Lámbarri, D. J.; Kheswa, N. Y.; Donaldson, L. M.; Neveling, R.; Papka, P.; Pellegri, L.; Pesudo, V.; Pool, L. C.; Smit, F. D.; van Zyl, J. J.

2017-11-01

Background: The 22Ne(α ,n )25Mg reaction is one of the neutron sources for the s process in massive stars. The properties of levels in 26Mg above the α -particle threshold control the strengths of the 22Ne(α ,n )25Mg and 22Ne(α ,γ )26Mg reactions. The strengths of these reactions as functions of temperature are one of the major uncertainties in the s process. Purpose: Information on the existence, spin, and parity of levels in 26Mg can assist in constraining the strengths of the 22Ne(α ,γ )26Mg and 22Ne(α ,n )25Mg reactions, and therefore in constraining s -process abundances. Methods: Inelastically scattered α particles from a 26Mg target were momentum-analyzed in the K600 magnetic spectrometer at iThemba LABS, South Africa. The differential cross sections of states were deduced from the focal-plane trajectory of the scattered α particles. Based on the differential cross sections, spin and parity assignments to states are made. Results: A newly assigned 0+ state was observed in addition to a number of other states, some of which can be associated with states observed in other experiments. Some of the deduced Jπ values of the states observed in the present study show discrepancies with those assigned in a similar experiment performed at RCNP Osaka. The reassignments and additions of the various states can strongly affect the reaction rate at low temperatures. Conclusion: The number, location, and assignment of levels in 26Mg that may contribute to the 22Ne+α reactions are not clear. Future experimental investigations of 26Mg must have an extremely good energy resolution to separate the contributions from different levels. Coincidence experiments of 26Mg provide a possible route for future investigations.

40 CFR 172.26 - EPA review of permits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false EPA review of permits. 172.26 Section... EXPERIMENTAL USE PERMITS State Issuance of Experimental Use Permits § 172.26 EPA review of permits. (a... designated State agency shall notifiy EPA of the action by forwarding to the appropriate EPA Regional Office...

SERUM LEVELS OF FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR-23, OSTEOPROTEGERIN, AND RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPA B LIGAND IN PATIENTS WITH PROLACTINOMA.

PubMed

Arslan, Muyesser Sayki; Sahin, Mustafa; Karakose, Melia; Tutal, Esra; Topaloglu, Oya; Ucan, Bekir; Demirci, Taner; Caliskan, Mustafa; Ozdemir, Seyda; Ozbek, Mustafa; Cakal, Erman

2017-03-01

The aim of this study to was to evaluate the effect of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator nuclear κB ligand (RANKL), and vitamin D hormones on bone loss in patients with hyperprolactinemia due to pituitary prolactinoma. We recruited 46 premenopausal female patients with prolactinoma and age and sex-matched healthy controls (Group 3, n = 20) for this cross-sectional study. Prolactinoma patients were divided into 2 groups as patients newly diagnosed (Group 1, n = 26) and those under cabergoline treatment (Group 2, n = 20). Anthropometric and metabolic variables; hormonal profiles; and osteocalcin, deoxypyridinoline (DOP), and bone mineral density measurements were performed for all participants. FGF-23, OPG, and RANKL levels were analyzed in all groups. FGF-23, OPG, calcium, phosphorus, and parathormone levels were similar between all groups despite significantly higher levels in the control group in terms of vitamin D and RANKL levels than in patients. Bone loss was found more in Group 2, particularly observed in Z scores of femur and spinal bone (P<.05). Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between FGF-23 and femur neck T score (r = -0.0433, P = .05) in patients with active prolactinoma. A positive correlation was also observed between parameters of DOP and OPG (r = 0.673, P = .02). In patients with remission there were a negative correlation between prolactin and luteinizing hormone (r = -600, P = .08). Additionally, a negative correlation was found between osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin in patients in remission (r = -0.73, P = .01). Our data indicated that FGF-23 and OPG levels do not play a critical role on the development of bone decrease in patients with hyperprolactinemia. However, further prospective studies in larger numbers of participants should be designed to clarify this issue. BFP = body fat percentage BMD = bone mineral density BMI = body mass index CV = coefficient of variation DOP

The use of aluminum nitride to improve Aluminum-26 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry measurements and production of Radioactive Ion Beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Janzen, Meghan S.; Galindo-Uribarri, Alfredo; Liu, Yuan; Mills, Gerald D.; Romero-Romero, Elisa; Stracener, Daniel W.

2015-10-01

We present results and discuss the use of aluminum nitride as a promising source material for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) and Radioactive Ion Beams (RIBs) science applications of 26Al isotopes. The measurement of 26Al in geological samples by AMS is typically conducted on Al2O3 targets. However, Al2O3 is not an ideal source material because it does not form a prolific beam of Al- required for measuring low-levels of 26Al. Multiple samples of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), aluminum nitride (AlN), mixed Al2O3-AlN as well as aluminum fluoride (AlF3) were tested and compared using the ion source test facility and the stable ion beam (SIB) injector platform at the 25-MV tandem electrostatic accelerator at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Negative ion currents of atomic and molecular aluminum were examined for each source material. It was found that pure AlN targets produced substantially higher beam currents than the other materials and that there was some dependence on the exposure of AlN to air. The applicability of using AlN as a source material for geological samples was explored by preparing quartz samples as Al2O3 and converting them to AlN using a carbothermal reduction technique, which involved reducing the Al2O3 with graphite powder at 1600 °C within a nitrogen atmosphere. The quartz material was successfully converted to AlN. Thus far, AlN proves to be a promising source material and could lead towards increasing the sensitivity of low-level 26Al AMS measurements. The potential of using AlN as a source material for nuclear physics is also very promising by placing 26AlN directly into a source to produce more intense radioactive beams of 26Al.

Identification of cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate and uridine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate in Pseudomonas fluorescens pfo-1 culture.

PubMed

Bordeleau, Emily; Oberc, Christopher; Ameen, Eve; da Silva, Amanda Mendes; Yan, Hongbin

2014-09-15

Cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate (2',3'-cCMP) and uridine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate (2',3'-cUMP) were isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens pfo-1 cell extracts by semi-preparative reverse phase HPLC. The structures of the two compounds were confirmed by NMR and mass spectroscopy against commercially available authentic samples. Concentrations of both intracellular and extracellular 2',3'-cCMP and 2',3'-cUMP were determined. Addition of 2',3'-cCMP and 2',3'-cUMP to P. fluorescens pfo-1 culture did not significantly affect the level of biofilm formation in static liquid cultures. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

40 CFR 230.23 - Current patterns and water circulation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Current patterns and water circulation. 230.23 Section 230.23 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) OCEAN DUMPING SECTION 404(b)(1) GUIDELINES FOR SPECIFICATION OF DISPOSAL SITES FOR DREDGED OR FILL MATERIAL Potential Impacts on Physical and Chemical...

Black Hole Mass and Spin from the 2:3 Twin-peak QPOs in Microquasars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mondal, Soumen

2010-01-01

In the Galactic microquasars with double peak kHz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) detected in X-ray fluxes, the ratio of the twin-peak frequencies is exactly, or almost exactly 2:3. This rather strongly supports the fact that they originate a few gravitational radii away from its center due to two modes of accretion disk oscillations. Numerical investigations suggest that post-shock matter, before they settle down in a subsonic branch, execute oscillations in the neighborhood region of "shock transition". This shock may excite QPO mechanism. The radial and vertical epicyclic modes of oscillating matter exactly match with these twin-peak QPOs. In fully general relativistic transonic flows, we investigate that shocks may form very close to the horizon around highly spinning Kerr black holes and appear as extremum in the inviscid flows. The extreme shock location provides upper limit of QPOs and hence fixes "lower cutoff" of the spin. We conclude that the 2:3 ratio exactly occurs for spin parameters a >= 0.87 and almost exactly, for wide range of spin parameter, for example, XTE 1550-564, and GRO 1655-40 a>0.87, GRS 1915+105 a>0.83, XTE J1650-500 a>0.78, and H 1743-322 a>0.68. We also make an effort to measure unknown mass for XTE J1650-500(9.1 ~ 14.1 M sun) and H 1743-322(6.6 ~ 11.3 M sun).

The feasibility of isobaric suppression of 26Mg via post-accelerator foil stripping for the measurement of 26Al [The feasibility of isobaric suppression of 26Mg via post-accelerator foil stripping for the measurement of 26Al.

DOE PAGES

Tumey, Scott J.; Brown, Thomas A.; Finkel, Robert C.; ...

2012-09-13

Most accelerator mass spectrometry measurements of 26Al utilize the Al- ion despite lower source currents compared with AlO- since the stable isobar 26Mg does not form elemental negative ions. A gas-filled magnet allows sufficient suppression of 26Mg thus enabling the use of the more intense 26AlO- ion. However, most AMS systems do not include a gas-filled magnet. We therefore explored the feasibility of suppressing 26Mg by using a post-accelerator stripping foil. With this approach, combined with the use of alternative cathode matrices, we were able to suppress 26Mg by a factor of twenty. This suppression was insufficient to enable themore » use of 26AlO-, however further refinement of our system may permit its use in the future.« less

23 CFR 810.302 - Eligible projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Eligible projects. 810.302 Section 810.302 Highways... SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway Public Mass Transit Projects § 810.302 Eligible projects. (a) Eligible projects are those defined as nonhighway public mass transit projects in...

23 CFR 810.302 - Eligible projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Eligible projects. 810.302 Section 810.302 Highways... SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway Public Mass Transit Projects § 810.302 Eligible projects. (a) Eligible projects are those defined as nonhighway public mass transit projects in...

23 CFR 810.302 - Eligible projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Eligible projects. 810.302 Section 810.302 Highways... SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway Public Mass Transit Projects § 810.302 Eligible projects. (a) Eligible projects are those defined as nonhighway public mass transit projects in...

23 CFR 810.302 - Eligible projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Eligible projects. 810.302 Section 810.302 Highways... SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway Public Mass Transit Projects § 810.302 Eligible projects. (a) Eligible projects are those defined as nonhighway public mass transit projects in...

Study of (α , p) and (α , n) reactions with a Multi-Sampling Ionization Chamber

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Avila, M. L.; Rehm, K. E.; Almaraz-Calderon, S.; Ayangeakaa, A. D.; Dickerson, C.; Hoffman, C. R.; Jiang, C. L.; Kay, B. P.; Lai, J.; Nusair, O.; Pardo, R. C.; Santiago-Gonzalez, D.; Talwar, R.; Ugalde, C.

2017-07-01

A large number of (α , p) and (α , n) reactions are known to play a fundamental role in nuclear astrophysics. This work presents a novel technique to study these reactions with the active target system MUSIC whose segmented anode allows the investigation of a large energy range of the excitation function with a single beam energy. In order to verify the method, we performed direct measurements of the previously measured reactions 17O (α , n) 20Ne, 23Na (α , p) 26Mg, and 23Na (α , n) 26Al. These reactions were investigated in inverse kinematics using 4He gas in the detector to study the excitation functions in the energy range of about 2-6 MeV in the center of mass. We found good agreement between the cross sections of the 17O (α , n) 20Ne reaction measured in this work and previous measurements. Furthermore we have successfully performed a simultaneous measurement of the 23Na (α , p) 26Mg and 23Na (α , n) 26Al reactions.

Identification of TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) as the phosphoglycolate-independent 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphatase.

PubMed

Gerin, Isabelle; Noël, Gaëtane; Bolsée, Jennifer; Haumont, Olivier; Van Schaftingen, Emile; Bommer, Guido T

2014-03-15

The p53-induced protein TIGAR [TP53 (tumour protein 53)-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator] is considered to be a F26BPase (fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase) with an important role in cancer cell metabolism. The reported catalytic efficiency of TIGAR as an F26BPase is several orders of magnitude lower than that of the F26BPase component of liver or muscle PFK2 (phosphofructokinase 2), suggesting that F26BP (fructose 2,6-bisphosphate) might not be the physiological substrate of TIGAR. We therefore set out to re-evaluate the biochemical function of TIGAR. Phosphatase activity of recombinant human TIGAR protein was tested on a series of physiological phosphate esters. The best substrate was 23BPG (2,3-bisphosphoglycerate), followed by 2PG (2-phosphoglycerate), 2-phosphoglycolate and PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate). In contrast the catalytic efficiency for F26BP was approximately 400-fold lower than that for 23BPG. Using genetic and shRNA-based cell culture models, we show that loss of TIGAR consistently leads to an up to 5-fold increase in the levels of 23BPG. Increases in F26BP levels were also observed, albeit in a more limited and cell-type dependent manner. The results of the present study challenge the concept that TIGAR acts primarily on F26BP. This has significant implications for our understanding of the metabolic changes downstream of p53 as well as for cancer cell metabolism in general. It also suggests that 23BPG might play an unrecognized function in metabolic control.

Effective Atomic Number, Mass Attenuation Coefficient Parameterization, and Implications for High-Energy X-Ray Cargo Inspection Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Langeveld, Willem G. J.

The most widely used technology for the non-intrusive active inspection of cargo containers and trucks is x-ray radiography at high energies (4-9 MeV). Technologies such as dual-energy imaging, spectroscopy, and statistical waveform analysis can be used to estimate the effective atomic number (Zeff) of the cargo from the x-ray transmission data, because the mass attenuation coefficient depends on energy as well as atomic number Z. The estimated effective atomic number, Zeff, of the cargo then leads to improved detection capability of contraband and threats, including special nuclear materials (SNM) and shielding. In this context, the exact meaning of effective atomic number (for mixtures and compounds) is generally not well-defined. Physics-based parameterizations of the mass attenuation coefficient have been given in the past, but usually for a limited low-energy range. Definitions of Zeff have been based, in part, on such parameterizations. Here, we give an improved parameterization at low energies (20-1000 keV) which leads to a well-defined Zeff. We then extend this parameterization up to energies relevant for cargo inspection (10 MeV), and examine what happens to the Zeff definition at these higher energies.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray study of a (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from Bacillus coagulans 2-6

PubMed Central

Miao, Xiangzhi; Huang, Xianhui; Zhang, Guofang; Zhao, Xiufang; Zhu, Xianming; Dong, Hui

2013-01-01

(2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol dehydrogenase (R,R-BDH) from Bacillus coagulans 2-6 is a zinc-dependent medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenase. Recombinant R,R-BDH with a His6 tag at the C-terminus was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and purified by Ni2+-chelating affinity and size-exclusion chromatography. Crystals were grown by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 289 K. The crystallization condition consisted of 8%(v/v) Tacsimate pH 4.6, 18%(w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350. The crystal diffracted to 2.8 Å resolution in the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 88.35, b = 128.73, c = 131.03 Å. PMID:24100567

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray study of a (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from Bacillus coagulans 2-6.

PubMed

Miao, Xiangzhi; Huang, Xianhui; Zhang, Guofang; Zhao, Xiufang; Zhu, Xianming; Dong, Hui

2013-10-01

(2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol dehydrogenase (R,R-BDH) from Bacillus coagulans 2-6 is a zinc-dependent medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenase. Recombinant R,R-BDH with a His6 tag at the C-terminus was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and purified by Ni2+-chelating affinity and size-exclusion chromatography. Crystals were grown by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 289 K. The crystallization condition consisted of 8%(v/v) Tacsimate pH 4.6, 18%(w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350. The crystal diffracted to 2.8 Å resolution in the orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁, with unit-cell parameters a=88.35, b=128.73, c=131.03 Å.

Study of the 28Si(d,α)26Al Nuclear Reaction at Low Energies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Araujo-Escalona, Victoria; Acosta, L.; Andrade, E.; Barrón-Palos, L.; de Lucio, O.; Favela, F.; Huerta, A.; Lopez, E.; Rita, P. Santa; Solis, C.; Chávez, E.

26Al is known as a γ-ray emitter in the universe. Since its half-life is only 0.72 My it's the obvious evidence of ongoing nucleosynthesis. This isotope is also known as an origin of an abundance-anomaly of 26Mg observed in meteorites. There is also 26Al production on Earth due to the continuous cosmic ray bombardment. Therefore, a precise knowledge of the production rates for 26Al are needed. In this paper, we present a progress report on our measurements of the 28Si(d,α)26Al nuclear reaction. The experimental protocol consists of three steps: i) target preparation, ii) deuteron irradiations and iii) 26Al off line counting using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). Due to accelerator failure, deuteron irradiations had to be interrupted and the number or 26Al produced was insufficient to extract cross sections as expected. In step (ii), given our special geometry requirements we ended up facing the old problem of a goat tethered inside a circular field, which we turned into a tool to fine-tune the beam-target alignment in the micron range.

Ultrasound-guided cable-free 13-gauge vacuum-assisted biopsy of non-mass breast lesions

PubMed Central

Seo, Jiwoon; Jang, Mijung; Yun, Bo La; Lee, Soo Hyun; Kim, Eun-Kyu; Kang, Eunyoung; Park, So Yeon; Moon, Woo Kyung; Choi, Hye Young; Kim, Bohyoung

2017-01-01

Purpose To compare the outcomes of ultrasound-guided core biopsy for non-mass breast lesions by the novel 13-gauge cable-free vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) and by the conventional 14-gauge semi-automated core needle biopsy (CCNB). Materials and methods Our institutional review board approved this prospective study, and all patients provided written informed consent. Among 1840 ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsies performed from August 2013 to December 2014, 145 non-mass breast lesions with suspicious microcalcifications on mammography or corresponding magnetic resonance imaging finding were subjected to 13-gauge VAB or 14-gauge CCNB. We evaluated the technical success rates, average specimen numbers, and tissue sampling time. We also compared the results of percutaneous biopsy and final surgical pathologic diagnosis to analyze the rates of diagnostic upgrade or downgrade. Results Ultrasound-guided VAB successfully targeted and sampled all lesions, whereas CCNB failed to demonstrate calcification in four (10.3%) breast lesions with microcalcification on specimen mammography. The mean sampling time were 238.6 and 170.6 seconds for VAB and CCNB, respectively. No major complications were observed with either method. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) lesions were more frequently upgraded after CCNB (8/23 and 3/5, respectively) than after VAB (2/26 and 0/4, respectively P = 0.028). Conclusion Non-mass breast lesions were successfully and accurately biopsied using cable-free VAB. The underestimation rate of ultrasound-detected non-mass lesion was significantly lower with VAB than with CCNB. Trial registration CRiS KCT0002267. PMID:28628656

Small genomes and large seeds: chromosome numbers, genome size and seed mass in diploid Aesculus species (Sapindaceae).

PubMed

Krahulcová, Anna; Trávnícek, Pavel; Krahulec, František; Rejmánek, Marcel

2017-04-01

Aesculus L. (horse chestnut, buckeye) is a genus of 12-19 extant woody species native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. This genus is known for unusually large seeds among angiosperms. While chromosome counts are available for many Aesculus species, only one has had its genome size measured. The aim of this study is to provide more genome size data and analyse the relationship between genome size and seed mass in this genus. Chromosome numbers in root tip cuttings were confirmed for four species and reported for the first time for three additional species. Flow cytometric measurements of 2C nuclear DNA values were conducted on eight species, and mean seed mass values were estimated for the same taxa. The same chromosome number, 2 n = 40, was determined in all investigated taxa. Original measurements of 2C values for seven Aesculus species (eight taxa), added to just one reliable datum for A. hippocastanum , confirmed the notion that the genome size in this genus with relatively large seeds is surprisingly low, ranging from 0·955 pg 2C -1 in A. parviflora to 1·275 pg 2C -1 in A. glabra var. glabra. The chromosome number of 2 n = 40 seems to be conclusively the universal 2 n number for non-hybrid species in this genus. Aesculus genome sizes are relatively small, not only within its own family, Sapindaceae, but also within woody angiosperms. The genome sizes seem to be distinct and non-overlapping among the four major Aesculus clades. These results provide an extra support for the most recent reconstruction of Aesculus phylogeny. The correlation between the 2C values and seed masses in examined Aesculus species is slightly negative and not significant. However, when the four major clades are treated separately, there is consistent positive association between larger genome size and larger seed mass within individual lineages. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For

Small genomes and large seeds: chromosome numbers, genome size and seed mass in diploid Aesculus species (Sapindaceae)

PubMed Central

Krahulcová, Anna; Trávníček, Pavel; Rejmánek, Marcel

2017-01-01

Background and Aims Aesculus L. (horse chestnut, buckeye) is a genus of 12–19 extant woody species native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. This genus is known for unusually large seeds among angiosperms. While chromosome counts are available for many Aesculus species, only one has had its genome size measured. The aim of this study is to provide more genome size data and analyse the relationship between genome size and seed mass in this genus. Methods Chromosome numbers in root tip cuttings were confirmed for four species and reported for the first time for three additional species. Flow cytometric measurements of 2C nuclear DNA values were conducted on eight species, and mean seed mass values were estimated for the same taxa. Key Results The same chromosome number, 2n = 40, was determined in all investigated taxa. Original measurements of 2C values for seven Aesculus species (eight taxa), added to just one reliable datum for A. hippocastanum, confirmed the notion that the genome size in this genus with relatively large seeds is surprisingly low, ranging from 0·955 pg 2C–1 in A. parviflora to 1·275 pg 2C–1 in A. glabra var. glabra. Conclusions The chromosome number of 2n = 40 seems to be conclusively the universal 2n number for non-hybrid species in this genus. Aesculus genome sizes are relatively small, not only within its own family, Sapindaceae, but also within woody angiosperms. The genome sizes seem to be distinct and non-overlapping among the four major Aesculus clades. These results provide an extra support for the most recent reconstruction of Aesculus phylogeny. The correlation between the 2C values and seed masses in examined Aesculus species is slightly negative and not significant. However, when the four major clades are treated separately, there is consistent positive association between larger genome size and larger seed mass within individual lineages. PMID:28065925

Mass and heat transfer in crushed oil shale

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carley, J.F.; Straub, J.S.; Ott, L.L.

1984-04-01

Heat and mass transfer between gases and oil-shale particles are both important for all proposed retorting processes. Past studies of transfer in packed beds, which have disagreed substantially in their results, have nearly all been done with beds of regular particles of uniform size, whereas oil-shale retorting involves particles of diverse shapes and widely ranging sizes. To resolve these questions, we have made 349 runs in which we measured mass-transfer rates from naphthalene particles of diverse shapes buried in packed beds through which air was passed at room temperature. This technique permits calculation of the mass-transfer coefficient for each activemore » particle in the bed rather than, as in most past studies, for the bed as a whole. The data were analyzed in two ways: (1) by the traditional correlation of Colburn j/sub D/ vs Reynolds number and (2) by multiple regression of the mass-transfer coefficient on air rate, traditional correlation of Colburn j/sub D/ vs Reynolds number and (3) by multiple regression of the mass-transfer coefficient on air rate, sizes of active and inert particles, void fraction, and temperature. Principal findings are: (1) local Reynolds number should be based on active particle size rather than average size for the bed; (2) no appreciable differences were seen between shallow beds and deep ones; (3) mass transfer was 26% faster for spheres and lozenges buried in shale than for all-sphere beds; (4) orientation of lozenges in shale beds has little effect on mass-transfer rate; (5) a useful summarizing equation for either mass or heat transfer in shale beds is log j.epsilon = -.0747 - .6344 log Re + .0592 log/sup 2/Re where j = either j/sub D/ or j/sub H/, the Chilton-Colburn j-factors for mass and heat transfer, Re = the Reynolds number defined for packed beds, and epsilon = the void fraction in the bed. 12 references, 15 figures.« less

40 CFR 257.23 - Ground-water sampling and analysis requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Ground-water sampling and analysis requirements. 257.23 Section 257.23 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES AND PRACTICES Disposal Standards for the Receipt of Conditionally...

Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and the Mass-to-number Ratio of Galaxy Clusters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tinker, Jeremy L.; Sheldon, Erin S.; Wechsler, Risa H.; Becker, Matthew R.; Rozo, Eduardo; Zu, Ying; Weinberg, David H.; Zehavi, Idit; Blanton, Michael R.; Busha, Michael T.; Koester, Benjamin P.

2012-01-01

We place constraints on the average density (Ω m ) and clustering amplitude (σ8) of matter using a combination of two measurements from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: the galaxy two-point correlation function, wp (rp ), and the mass-to-galaxy-number ratio within galaxy clusters, M/N, analogous to cluster M/L ratios. Our wp (rp ) measurements are obtained from DR7 while the sample of clusters is the maxBCG sample, with cluster masses derived from weak gravitational lensing. We construct nonlinear galaxy bias models using the Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) to fit both wp (rp ) and M/N for different cosmological parameters. HOD models that match the same two-point clustering predict different numbers of galaxies in massive halos when Ω m or σ8 is varied, thereby breaking the degeneracy between cosmology and bias. We demonstrate that this technique yields constraints that are consistent and competitive with current results from cluster abundance studies, without the use of abundance information. Using wp (rp ) and M/N alone, we find Ω0.5 m σ8 = 0.465 ± 0.026, with individual constraints of Ω m = 0.29 ± 0.03 and σ8 = 0.85 ± 0.06. Combined with current cosmic microwave background data, these constraints are Ω m = 0.290 ± 0.016 and σ8 = 0.826 ± 0.020. All errors are 1σ. The systematic uncertainties that the M/N technique are most sensitive to are the amplitude of the bias function of dark matter halos and the possibility of redshift evolution between the SDSS Main sample and the maxBCG cluster sample. Our derived constraints are insensitive to the current level of uncertainties in the halo mass function and in the mass-richness relation of clusters and its scatter, making the M/N technique complementary to cluster abundances as a method for constraining cosmology with future galaxy surveys.

Low Masses and High Redshifts: The Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity Relation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Henry, Alaina; Scarlata, Claudia; Dominguez, Alberto; Malkan, Matthew; Martin, Crystal L.; Siana, Brian; Atek, Hakim; Bedregal, Alejandro G.; Colbert, James W.; Rafelski, Marc;

MicroRNA miR-23a cluster promotes osteocyte differentiation by regulating TGF-β signalling in osteoblasts

PubMed Central

Zeng, Huan-Chang; Bae, Yangjin; Dawson, Brian C.; Chen, Yuqing; Bertin, Terry; Munivez, Elda; Campeau, Philippe M.; Tao, Jianning; Chen, Rui; Lee, Brendan H.

2017-01-01

Osteocytes are the terminally differentiated cell type of the osteoblastic lineage and have important functions in skeletal homeostasis. Although the transcriptional regulation of osteoblast differentiation has been well characterized, the factors that regulate differentiation of osteocytes from mature osteoblasts are poorly understood. Here we show that miR-23a∼27a∼24-2 (miR-23a cluster) promotes osteocyte differentiation. Osteoblast-specific miR-23a cluster gain-of-function mice have low bone mass associated with decreased osteoblast but increased osteocyte numbers. By contrast, loss-of-function transgenic mice overexpressing microRNA decoys for either miR-23a or miR-27a, but not miR24-2, show decreased osteocyte numbers. Moreover, RNA-sequencing analysis shows altered transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling. Prdm16, a negative regulator of the TGF-β pathway, is directly repressed by miR-27a with concomitant alteration of sclerostin expression, and pharmacological inhibition of TGF-β rescues the phenotypes observed in the gain-of-function transgenic mice. Taken together, the miR-23a cluster regulates osteocyte differentiation by modulating the TGF-β signalling pathway through targeting of Prdm16. PMID:28397831

Bone Mass Measurement: What the Numbers Mean

MedlinePlus

... or more osteoporotic fractures. Low Bone Mass Versus Osteoporosis The information provided by a BMD test can ... 15-7877-E Last Reviewed 2015-06 NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases ~ National Resource Center 2 ...

The influence of birth order and number of siblings on adolescent body composition: evidence from a Brazilian birth cohort study.

PubMed

de Oliveira Meller, Fernanda; Assunção, M C F; Schäfer, A A; de Mola, C L; Barros, A J D; Dahly, D L; Barros, F C

2015-07-14

The aim of this study was to estimate the association between birth order and number of siblings with body composition in adolescents. Data are from a birth cohort study conducted in Pelotas, Brazil. At the age of 18 years, 4563 adolescents were located, of whom 4106 were interviewed (follow-up rate 81.3 %). Of these, 3974 had complete data and were thus included in our analysis. The variables used in the analysis were measured during the perinatal period, or at 11, 15 and/or 18 years of age. Body composition at 18 years was collected by air displacement plethysmography (BOD POD®). Crude and adjusted analyses of the association between birth order and number of siblings with body composition were performed using linear regression. All analyses were stratified by the adolescent sex. The means of BMI, fat mass index and fat-free mass index among adolescents were 23.4 (sd 4.5) kg/m², 6.1 (sd 3.9) kg/m² and 17.3 (sd 2.5) kg/m², respectively. In adjusted models, the total siblings remained inversely associated with fat mass index (β = - 0.37 z-scores, 95 % CI - 0.52, - 0.23) and BMI in boys (β = - 0.39 z-scores, 95 % CI - 0.55, - 0.22). Fat-free mass index was related to the total siblings in girls (β = 0.06 z-scores, 95 % CI - 0.04, 0.17). This research has found that number of total siblings, and not birth order, is related to the fat mass index, fat-free mass index and BMI in adolescents. It suggests the need for early prevention of obesity or fat mass accumulation in only children.

Regular expansion solutions for small Peclet number heat or mass transfer in concentrated two-phase particulate systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yaron, I.

1974-01-01

Steady state heat or mass transfer in concentrated ensembles of drops, bubbles or solid spheres in uniform, slow viscous motion, is investigated. Convective effects at small Peclet numbers are taken into account by expanding the nondimensional temperature or concentration in powers of the Peclet number. Uniformly valid solutions are obtained, which reflect the effects of dispersed phase content and rate of internal circulation within the fluid particles. The dependence of the range of Peclet and Reynolds numbers, for which regular expansions are valid, on particle concentration is discussed.

40 CFR 256.23 - Requirements for closing or upgrading open dumps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Requirements for closing or upgrading open dumps. 256.23 Section 256.23 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANS Solid...

40 CFR 256.23 - Requirements for closing or upgrading open dumps.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2012-07-01 2011-07-01 true Requirements for closing or upgrading open dumps. 256.23 Section 256.23 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANS Solid...

The study of Equatorial coronal hole during maximum phase of Solar Cycle 21, 22, 23 and 24

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karna, Mahendra; Karna, Nishu

2017-08-01

The 11-year Solar Cycle (SC) is characterized by the periodic change in the solar activity like sunspot numbers, coronal holes, active regions, eruptions such as flares and coronal mass ejections. We study the relationship between equatorial coronal holes (ECH) and the active regions (AR) as coronal whole positions and sizes change with the solar cycle. We made a detailed study of equatorial coronal hole for four solar maximum: Solar Cycle 21 (1979,1980,1981 and 1982), Solar Cycle 22 (1989, 1990, 1991 and 1992), Solar Cycle 23 (1999, 2000, 2001 and 2002) and Solar Cycle 24 (2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015). We used publically available NOAA solar coronal hole data for cycle 21 and 22. We measured the ECH region using the EIT and AIA synoptic map for cycle 23 and 24. We noted that in two complete 22-year cycle of solar activity, the equatorial coronal hole numbers in SC 22 is greater than SC 21 and similarly, SC 24 equatorial coronal hole numbers are greater than SC 23. Moreover, we also compared the position of AR and ECH during SC 23 and 24. We used daily Solar Region Summary (SRS) data from SWPC/NOAA website. Our goal is to examine the correlation between equatorial holes, active regions, and flares.

Correlation between CT numbers and tissue parameters needed for Monte Carlo simulations of clinical dose distributions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schneider, Wilfried; Bortfeld, Thomas; Schlegel, Wolfgang

2000-02-01

We describe a new method to convert CT numbers into mass density and elemental weights of tissues required as input for dose calculations with Monte Carlo codes such as EGS4. As a first step, we calculate the CT numbers for 71 human tissues. To reduce the effort for the necessary fits of the CT numbers to mass density and elemental weights, we establish four sections on the CT number scale, each confined by selected tissues. Within each section, the mass density and elemental weights of the selected tissues are interpolated. For this purpose, functional relationships between the CT number and each of the tissue parameters, valid for media which are composed of only two components in varying proportions, are derived. Compared with conventional data fits, no loss of accuracy is accepted when using the interpolation functions. Assuming plausible values for the deviations of calculated and measured CT numbers, the mass density can be determined with an accuracy better than 0.04 g cm-3 . The weights of phosphorus and calcium can be determined with maximum uncertainties of 1 or 2.3 percentage points (pp) respectively. Similar values can be achieved for hydrogen (0.8 pp) and nitrogen (3 pp). For carbon and oxygen weights, errors up to 14 pp can occur. The influence of the elemental weights on the results of Monte Carlo dose calculations is investigated and discussed.

The use of aluminum nitride to improve Aluminum-26 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry measurements and production of Radioactive Ion Beams

DOE PAGES

Janzen, Meghan S.; Galindo-Uribarri, Alfredo; Liu, Yuan; ...

2015-06-29

In this paper, we present results and discuss the use of aluminum nitride as a promising source material for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) and Radioactive Ion Beams (RIBs) science applications of 26Al isotopes. The measurement of 26Al in geological samples by AMS is typically conducted on Al 2O 3 targets. However, Al 2O 3 is not an ideal source material because it does not form a prolific beam of Al - required for measuring low-levels of 26Al. Multiple samples of aluminum oxide (Al 2O 3), aluminum nitride (AlN), mixed Al 2O 3–AlN as well as aluminum fluoride (AlF 3) weremore » tested and compared using the ion source test facility and the stable ion beam (SIB) injector platform at the 25-MV tandem electrostatic accelerator at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Negative ion currents of atomic and molecular aluminum were examined for each source material. It was found that pure AlN targets produced substantially higher beam currents than the other materials and that there was some dependence on the exposure of AlN to air. The applicability of using AlN as a source material for geological samples was explored by preparing quartz samples as Al 2O 3 and converting them to AlN using a carbothermal reduction technique, which involved reducing the Al 2O 3 with graphite powder at 1600°C within a nitrogen atmosphere. The quartz material was successfully converted to AlN. Thus far, AlN proves to be a promising source material and could lead towards increasing the sensitivity of low-level 26Al AMS measurements. In conclusion, the potential of using AlN as a source material for nuclear physics is also very promising by placing 26AlN directly into a source to produce more intense radioactive beams of 26Al.« less

23 CFR 810.306 - Reservation of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reservation of funds. 810.306 Section 810.306 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway Public Mass Transit Projects § 810.306...

23 CFR 810.306 - Reservation of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Reservation of funds. 810.306 Section 810.306 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Federal-Aid Urban System Nonhighway Public Mass Transit Projects § 810.306...

27 CFR 26.205 - Certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... following information: (1) The name and address of the consignee. (2) The kind and brand name. (3) The... §§ 26.260 and 26.302. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1512-0352...

Chronicle of Higher Education. Volume 51, Number 14, November 26, 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chronicle of Higher Education, 2004

2004-01-01

"Chronicle of Higher Education" presents an abundant source of news and information for college and university faculty members and administrators. This November 26, 2004 issue of "Chronicle for Higher Education" includes the following articles: (1) "A Question of Degrees" (Contreras, Alan); (2) "Democratize the…

7 CFR 15b.26 - Nonacademic services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... required by § 15b.23(b). [47 FR 25470, June 11, 1982, as amended at 68 FR 51343, Aug. 26, 2003] ... persons, and assistance in obtaining outside employment. (b) Counseling services. A recipient to which...

7 CFR 15b.26 - Nonacademic services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... required by § 15b.23(b). [47 FR 25470, June 11, 1982, as amended at 68 FR 51343, Aug. 26, 2003] ... persons, and assistance in obtaining outside employment. (b) Counseling services. A recipient to which...

7 CFR 15b.26 - Nonacademic services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... required by § 15b.23(b). [47 FR 25470, June 11, 1982, as amended at 68 FR 51343, Aug. 26, 2003] ... persons, and assistance in obtaining outside employment. (b) Counseling services. A recipient to which...

7 CFR 15b.26 - Nonacademic services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... required by § 15b.23(b). [47 FR 25470, June 11, 1982, as amended at 68 FR 51343, Aug. 26, 2003] ... persons, and assistance in obtaining outside employment. (b) Counseling services. A recipient to which...

Body mass index and all-cause mortality among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: Findings from the 5-year follow-up of the MADIABETES cohort.

PubMed

Salinero-Fort, M A; San Andrés-Rebollo, F J; Gómez-Campelo, P; de Burgos-Lunar, C; Cárdenas-Valladolid, J; Abánades-Herranz, J C; Otero-Puime, A; Jiménez-García, R; López-de-Andrés, A; de Miguel-Yanes, J M

2017-09-01

To analyse the association between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality in a 5-year follow-up study with Spanish type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, seeking gender differences. 3443 T2DM outpatients were studied. At baseline and annually, patients were subjected to anamnesis, a physical examination, and biochemical tests. Data about demographic and clinical characteristics was also recorded, as was the treatment each patient had been prescribed. Mortality records were obtained from the Spanish National Institute of Statistics. Survival curves for BMI categories (Gehan-Wilcoxon test) and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis were performed to identify adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs) of mortality. Mortality rate was 26.38 cases per 1000patient-years (95% CI, 23.92-29.01), with higher rates in men (28.43 per 1000patient-years; 95% CI, 24.87-32.36) than in women (24.31 per 1000patient-years; 95% CI, 21.02-27.98) (p=0.079). Mortality rates according to BMI categories were: 56.7 (95% CI, 40.8-76.6), 28.4 (95% CI, 22.9-34.9), 24.8 (95% CI, 21.5-28.5), 21 (95% CI, 16.3-26.6) and 23.7 (95% CI, 14.3-37) per 1000person-years for participants with a BMI of <23, 23-26.8, 26.9-33.1, 33.2-39.4, and >39.4kg/m 2 , respectively. The BMI values associated with the highest all-cause mortality were <23kg/m 2 , but only in males [HR: 2.78 (95% CI, 1.72-4.49; p<0.001)], since in females this association was not significant [HR: 1.14 (95% CI, 0.64-2.04; p=0.666)] (reference category for BMI: 23.0-26.8kg/m 2 ). Higher BMIs were not associated with higher mortality rates. In an outpatient T2DM Mediterranean population sample, low BMI predicted all-cause mortality only in males. Copyright © 2017 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chronicle of Higher Education. Volume 50, Number 29, March 26, 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chronicle of Higher Education, 2004

2004-01-01

"Chronicle of Higher Education" presents an abundant source of news and information for college and university faculty members and administrators. This March 26, 2004 issue of "Chronicle of Higher Education" includes the following articles: (1) "Going Over the Falls" (Brady, John N.); (2) "Lessons in Departmental…

Air & Space Power Journal (ASPJ). Volume 26, Number 6

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-12-01

collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE DEC 2012 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00- 11 ...MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S) 11 . SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER(S) 12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY...continuous sharing of information among the military services, combatant commands, coalition partners, and intel- ligence community with the goal of

Chronicle of Higher Education. Volume 50, Number 20, January 23, 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chronicle of Higher Education, 2004

2004-01-01

"Chronicle of Higher Education" presents an abundant source of news and information for college and university faculty members and administrators. This January 23, 2004 issue of "Chronicle for Higher Education" includes the following articles: (1) "Never Mind: An Assistant Professor Who Thought about Quitting Academe has a…

26 CFR 301.6109-1 - Identifying numbers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... §§ 1.671-4(b)(4) of this chapter. (6) Effective date. Paragraphs (a)(3), (4), and (5) of this section...) of this chapter, any college or university that is an educational organization as defined in § 1.501... must have an employer identification number for use in any communication with the Internal Revenue...

Study of ( α , p ) and ( α , n ) reactions with a Multi-Sampling Ionization Chamber

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Avila, M. L.; Rehm, K. E.; Almaraz-Calderon, S.

Here, a large number of (α,p) and (α, n) reactions are known to play a fundamental role in nuclear astrophysics. This work presents a novel technique to study these reactions with the active target system MUSIC whose segmented anode allows the investigation of a large energy range of the excitation function with a single beam energy. In order to verify the method, we performed direct measurements of the previously measured reactions 17O (α, n) 20Ne, 23Na (α,p) 26Mg, and 23Na 26Al. These reactions were investigated in inverse kinematics using 4He gas in the detector to study the excitation functions inmore » the energy range of about 2–6 MeV in the center of mass. We found good agreement between the cross sections of the 17O (α, n) 20Ne reaction measured in this work and previous measurements. Furthermore we have successfully performed a simultaneous measurement of the 23Na (α,p) 26Mg and 23Na (α, n) 26Al reactions.« less

Study of ( α , p ) and ( α , n ) reactions with a Multi-Sampling Ionization Chamber

DOE PAGES

Avila, M. L.; Rehm, K. E.; Almaraz-Calderon, S.; ...

2017-04-03

Here, a large number of (α,p) and (α, n) reactions are known to play a fundamental role in nuclear astrophysics. This work presents a novel technique to study these reactions with the active target system MUSIC whose segmented anode allows the investigation of a large energy range of the excitation function with a single beam energy. In order to verify the method, we performed direct measurements of the previously measured reactions 17O (α, n) 20Ne, 23Na (α,p) 26Mg, and 23Na 26Al. These reactions were investigated in inverse kinematics using 4He gas in the detector to study the excitation functions inmore » the energy range of about 2–6 MeV in the center of mass. We found good agreement between the cross sections of the 17O (α, n) 20Ne reaction measured in this work and previous measurements. Furthermore we have successfully performed a simultaneous measurement of the 23Na (α,p) 26Mg and 23Na (α, n) 26Al reactions.« less

17 CFR 23.23-23.40 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false [Reserved] 23.23-23.40 Section 23.23-23.40 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Registration §§ 23.23-23.40 [Reserved] ...

17 CFR 23.23-23.40 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false [Reserved] 23.23-23.40 Section 23.23-23.40 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Registration §§ 23.23-23.40 [Reserved] ...

17 CFR 23.23-23.40 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false [Reserved] 23.23-23.40 Section 23.23-23.40 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS Registration §§ 23.23-23.40 [Reserved] ...

Physical and Chemical Characterization of Real-World Particle Number and Mass Emissions from City Buses in Finland.

PubMed

Pirjola, Liisa; Dittrich, Aleš; Niemi, Jarkko V; Saarikoski, Sanna; Timonen, Hilkka; Kuuluvainen, Heino; Järvinen, Anssi; Kousa, Anu; Rönkkö, Topi; Hillamo, Risto

2016-01-05

Exhaust emissions of 23 individual city buses at Euro III, Euro IV and EEV (Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle) emission levels were measured by the chasing method under real-world conditions at a depot area and on the normal route of bus line 24 in Helsinki. The buses represented different technologies from the viewpoint of engines, exhaust after-treatment systems (ATS) and fuels. Some of the EEV buses were fueled by diesel, diesel-electric, ethanol (RED95) and compressed natural gas (CNG). At the depot area the emission factors were in the range of 0.3-21 × 10(14) # (kg fuel)(-1), 6-40 g (kg fuel)(-1), 0.004-0.88 g (kg fuel)(-1), 0.004-0.56 g (kg fuel)(-1), 0.01-1.2 g (kg fuel)(-1), for particle number (EFN), nitrogen oxides (EFNOx), black carbon (EFBC), organics (EFOrg), and particle mass (EFPM1), respectively. The highest particulate emissions were observed from the Euro III and Euro IV buses and the lowest from the ethanol and CNG-fueled buses, which emitted BC only during acceleration. The organics emitted from the CNG-fueled buses were clearly less oxidized compared to the other bus types. The bus line experiments showed that lowest emissions were obtained from the ethanol-fueled buses whereas large variation existed between individual buses of the same type indicating that the operating conditions by drivers had large effect on the emissions.

Bibliography of Soviet Laser Developments, Number 23, January - March 1976

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-09-15

A . N. Tokareva, and V . M. Usova 0). Exper*nental study of the effect of a ...VORONIN, A .!1. 76 J1 USHAKOV. V . T. 53 VORONOV, V . V . 100 USHKOV, F. V . 93 VOROSHILOV, YU. V . 94 USOL’TSEV, 1. F. 23 VOYTENKO, A . M. 99 USOVA , V : M...131 I IC ’I tA 11 V I. BASIC RESEARCH I A . SOLID STATE LASERS 1. Crystal: Ruby 1. Agashkov, A . V ., L. A . Lavrovskiy,

Chronicle of Higher Education. Volume 50, Number 33, April 23, 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chronicle of Higher Education, 2004

2004-01-01

"Chronicle of Higher Education" presents an abundant source of news and information for colleges and university faculty members and administrators. This April 23, 2004 issue of "Chronicle of Higher Education" includes the following articles: (1) "Academe Must Work with the Intelligence Community" (Rindskopf, Elizabeth); (2) "Masked and Explicated:…

Proton-decay spectroscopic studies of the exotic nuclides aluminum-23, silicon-23, aluminum-22 and rubidium-77

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rowe, Michael William

Aluminum-23 was produced by 40 MeV 3He2+ bombardments of Mg targets in four experiments at the LBNL 88' ' Cyclotron. Reaction products were transported via helium-jet to a detection chamber where they were counted using two low-energy particle-identification (PI) telescopes. New proton groups were observed with laboratory energies (and intensities relative to the known peak at 838 +/- 5 keV) of 246 20 (33 +/- 3%) and 556 +/- 5 keV (68 +/- 5%), respectively. Several possible decay assignments are discussed for the former group. The possibility that it originates from the decay through the isobaric analog state (IAS) and corresponding implications for isospin mixing and the proton-capture resonance strength are discussed. The Gamow-Teller strength function has been deduced from these and several weaker proton transitions; the results are compared with theoretical predictions. Silicon-23 and 22Al were produced in a 110 MeV 3He2+ bombardment of a 24Mg target; reaction products were transported via helium jet and observed by two PI telescopes with proton sensitivity from 0-35-12.5 MeV. Three weak proton peaks at 7673 +/- 33, 9642 +/- 57 and 10861 +/- 68 keV have been tentatively assigned to the beta-delayed proton decay of 23Si through its IAS. From these results, the estimated 23Si mass excess is 23.25 +/- 0.05 MeV. Beta-delayed two-proton sum peaks were observed at 4478 +/- 15 and 6111 +/- 15 keV (c.m.), in agreement with earlier work an the decay of 22Al at wide relative-emission angles. The energies of several weaker two-proton sum peaks were compared with predicted and experimental values for the β-2p decay of 23Si. A search for proton emission from a predicted 19/2- isomer of 77Rb has been performed in three bombardments of Ca targets by 40Ca beams at energies of 145,160 and 132 MeV. Products of the first two bombardments were transported via helium jet and observed by two PI telescopes. In the third bombardment, the mass separator RAMA transported mass-77

Proton-decay spectroscopic studies of the exotic nuclides aluminum-23, silicon-23, aluminum-22 and rubidium-77

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rowe, Michael William

1998-09-01

Aluminum-23 was produced by 40 MeV 3He2+ bombardments of Mg targets in four experiments at the LBNL 88' ' Cyclotron. Reaction products were transported via helium-jet to a detection chamber where they were counted using two low-energy particle-identification (PI) telescopes. New proton groups were observed with laboratory energies (and intensities relative to the known peak at 838 +/- 5 keV) of 246 20 (33 +/- 3%) and 556 +/- 5 keV (68 +/- 5%), respectively. Several possible decay assignments are discussed for the former group. The possibility that it originates from the decay through the isobaric analog state (IAS) and corresponding implications for isospin mixing and the proton-capture resonance strength are discussed. The Gamow-Teller strength function has been deduced from these and several weaker proton transitions; the results are compared with theoretical predictions. Silicon-23 and 22Al were produced in a 110 MeV 3He2+ bombardment of a 24Mg target; reaction products were transported via helium jet and observed by two PI telescopes with proton sensitivity from 0-35-12.5 MeV. Three weak proton peaks at 7673 +/- 33, 9642 +/- 57 and 10861 +/- 68 keV have been tentatively assigned to the beta-delayed proton decay of 23Si through its IAS. From these results, the estimated 23Si mass excess is 23.25 +/- 0.05 MeV. Beta-delayed two-proton sum peaks were observed at 4478 +/- 15 and 6111 +/- 15 keV (c.m.), in agreement with earlier work an the decay of 22Al at wide relative-emission angles. The energies of several weaker two-proton sum peaks were compared with predicted and experimental values for the β-2p decay of 23Si. A search for proton emission from a predicted 19/2- isomer of 77Rb has been performed in three bombardments of Ca targets by 40Ca beams at energies of 145,160 and 132 MeV. Products of the first two bombardments were transported via helium jet and observed by two PI telescopes. In the third bombardment, the mass separator RAMA transported mass-77

Geraniol (2,6-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-8-ol) reactions with ozone and OH radical: Rate constants and gas-phase products

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Forester, Crystal D.; Ham, Jason E.; Wells, J. R.

The bimolecular rate constants, kOH+geraniol, (231±58)×10 -12 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 and k+geraniol, (9.3±2.3)×10 -16 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1, were measured using the relative rate technique for the reaction of the hydroxyl radical (OH) and ozone (O 3) with 2,6-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-8-ol (geraniol) at (297±3) K and 1 atmosphere total pressure. To more clearly define part of geraniol's indoor environment degradation mechanism, the products of the geraniol+OH and geraniol+O 3 reactions were also investigated. The identified geraniol+OH and geraniol+O 3 reaction products were: acetone, hydroxyacetaldehyde (glycolaldehyde, HC( dbnd O)CH 2OH), ethanedial (glyoxal, HC( dbnd O)C( dbnd O)H), and 2-oxopropanal (methylglyoxal, CH 3C( dbnd O)C( dbnd O)H). The use of derivatizing agents O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBHA) and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) were used to propose 4-oxopentanal as the other major geraniol+OH and geraniol+O 3 reaction product. The elucidation of this other reaction product was facilitated by mass spectrometry of the derivatized reaction products coupled with plausible geraniol+OH and geraniol+O 3 reaction mechanisms based on previously published volatile organic compound+OH and volatile organic compound+O 3 gas-phase reaction mechanisms.

Mass and number size distributions of emitted particulates at five important operation units in a hazardous industrial waste incineration plant.

PubMed

Lin, Chi-Chi; Huang, Hsiao-Lin; Hsiao, Wen-Yuan

2016-01-01

Past studies indicated particulates generated by waste incineration contain various hazardous compounds. The aerosol characteristics are very important for particulate hazard control and workers' protection. This study explores the detailed characteristics of emitted particulates from each important operation unit in a rotary kiln-based hazardous industrial waste incineration plant. A dust size analyzer (Grimm 1.109) and a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) were used to measure the aerosol mass concentration, mass size distribution, and number size distribution at five operation units (S1-S5) during periods of normal operation, furnace shutdown, and annual maintenance. The place with the highest measured PM10 concentration was located at the area of fly ash discharge from air pollution control equipment (S5) during the period of normal operation. Fine particles (PM2.5) constituted the majority of the emitted particles from the incineration plant. The mass size distributions (elucidated) made it clear that the size of aerosols caused by the increased particulate mass, resulting from work activities, were mostly greater than 1.5 μm. Whereas the number size distributions showed that the major diameters of particulates that caused the increase of particulate number concentrations, from work activities, were distributed in the sub micrometer range. The process of discharging fly ash from air pollution control equipment can significantly increase the emission of nanoparticles. The mass concentrations and size distributions of emitted particulates were different at each operation unit. This information is valuable for managers to take appropriate strategy to reduce the particulate emission and associated worker exposure.

β decay of proton-rich nucleus Al23 and astrophysical consequences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iacob, V. E.; Zhai, Y.; Al-Abdullah, T.; Fu, C.; Hardy, J. C.; Nica, N.; Park, H. I.; Tabacaru, G.; Trache, L.; Tribble, R. E.

2006-10-01

We present the first study of the β decay of Al23 undertaken with pure samples. The study was motivated by nuclear astrophysics questions. Pure samples of Al23 were obtained from the momentum achromat recoil separator (MARS) of Texas A&M University, collected on a fast tape-transport system, and moved to a shielded location where β and β-γ coincidence measurements were made. We deduced β branching ratios and log ft values for transitions to states in Mg23, and from them determined unambiguously the spin and parity of the Al23 ground state to be Jπ=5/2+. We discuss how this excludes the large increases in the radiative proton capture cross section for the reaction Mg22(p,γ)Al23 at astrophysical energies, which were implied by claims that the spin and parity is Jπ=1/2+. The log ft for the Fermi transition to its isobaric analog state (IAS) in Mg23 is also determined for the first time. This IAS and a state 16 keV below it are observed, well separated in the same experiment for the first time. We can now solve a number of inconsistencies in the literature, exclude strong isospin mixing claimed before, and obtain a new determination of the resonance strength. Both states are resonances in the Na22(p,γ)Mg23 reaction at energies important in novae. The reactions Mg22(p,γ)Al23 and Na22(p,γ)Mg23 have both been suggested as possible candidates for diverting some of the flux in oxygen-neon novae explosions from the A=22 into the A=23 mass chain.

OBSERVATIONS OF THE HIGH-MASS X-RAY BINARY A 0535+26 IN QUIESCENCE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rothschild, Richard; Markowitz, Alex; Hemphill, Paul

2013-06-10

We have analyzed three observations of the high-mass X-ray binary A 0535+26 performed by the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) three, five, and six months after the last outburst in 2011 February. We detect pulsations only in the second observation. The 3-20 keV spectra can be fit equally well with either an absorbed power law or absorbed thermal bremsstrahlung model. Reanalysis of two earlier RXTE observations made 4 yr after the 1994 outburst, original BeppoSAX observations 2 yr later, reanalysis of four EXOSAT observations made 2 yr after the last 1984 outburst, and a recent XMM-Newton observation in 2012 revealmore » a stacked, quiescent flux level decreasing from {approx}2 to <1 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -11} erg cm{sup -2} s{sup -1} over 6.5 yr after outburst. The detection of pulsations during half of the quiescent observations would imply that accretion onto the magnetic poles of the neutron star continues despite the fact that the circumstellar disk may no longer be present. The accretion could come from material built up at the corotation radius or from an isotropic stellar wind.« less

Condensed, solution and gas phase behaviour of mono- and dinuclear 2,6-diacetylpyridine (dap) hydrazone copper complexes probed by X-ray, mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations.

PubMed

Neto, Brenno A D; Viana, Barbara F L; Rodrigues, Thyago S; Lalli, Priscila M; Eberlin, Marcos N; da Silva, Wender A; de Oliveira, Heibbe C B; Gatto, Claudia C

2013-08-28

We describe the synthesis of novel mononuclear and dinuclear copper complexes and an investigation of their behaviour in solution using mass spectrometry (ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS) and in the solid state using X-ray crystallography. The complexes were synthesized from two widely used diacetylpryridine (dap) ligands, i.e. 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis(benzoic acid hydrazone) and 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis(2-aminobenzoic acid hydrazone). Theoretical calculations (DFT) were used to predict the complex geometries of these new structures, their equilibrium in solution and energies associated with the transformations.

The "Approximate 150 Day Quasi-Periodicity" in Interplanetary and Solar Phenomena During Cycle 23

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Richardson, I. G.; Cane, H. V.

2004-01-01

A"quasi-periodicity" of approx. 150 days in various solar and interplanetary phenomena has been reported in earlier solar cycles. We suggest that variations in the occurrence of solar energetic particle events, inter-planetary coronal mass ejections, and geomagnetic storm sudden commenceents during solar cycle 23 show evidence of this quasi-periodicity, which is also present in the sunspot number, in particular in the northern solar hemisphere. It is not, however, prominent in the interplanetary magnetic field strength.

MALDI FTICR IMS of Intact Proteins: Using Mass Accuracy to Link Protein Images with Proteomics Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spraggins, Jeffrey M.; Rizzo, David G.; Moore, Jessica L.; Rose, Kristie L.; Hammer, Neal D.; Skaar, Eric P.; Caprioli, Richard M.

2015-06-01

MALDI imaging mass spectrometry is a highly sensitive and selective tool used to visualize biomolecules in tissue. However, identification of detected proteins remains a difficult task. Indirect identification strategies have been limited by insufficient mass accuracy to confidently link ion images to proteomics data. Here, we demonstrate the capabilities of MALDI FTICR MS for imaging intact proteins. MALDI FTICR IMS provides an unprecedented combination of mass resolving power (~75,000 at m/z 5000) and accuracy (<5ppm) for proteins up to ~12kDa, enabling identification based on correlation with LC-MS/MS proteomics data. Analysis of rat brain tissue was performed as a proof-of-concept highlighting the capabilities of this approach by imaging and identifying a number of proteins including N-terminally acetylated thymosin β4 ( m/z 4,963.502, 0.6ppm) and ATP synthase subunit ɛ ( m/z 5,636.074, -2.3ppm). MALDI FTICR IMS was also used to differentiate a series of oxidation products of S100A8 ( m/z 10,164.03, -2.1ppm), a subunit of the heterodimer calprotectin, in kidney tissue from mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus. S100A8 - M37O/C42O3 ( m/z 10228.00, -2.6ppm) was found to co-localize with bacterial microcolonies at the center of infectious foci. The ability of MALDI FTICR IMS to distinguish S100A8 modifications is critical to understanding calprotectin's roll in nutritional immunity.

25 CFR 23.4 - Information collection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Information collection. 23.4 Section 23.4 Indians BUREAU..., Definitions, and Policy § 23.4 Information collection. (a) The information collection requirements contained....C. 3501 et seq., and assigned clearance number 1076-0111. (1) This information will be used to...

Forecast for solar cycle 23 activity: a progress report

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahluwalia, H. S.

2001-08-01

At the 25th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC) at Durban, South Africa, I announced the discovery of a three cycle quasi-periodicity in the ion chamber data string assembled by me, for the 1937 to 1994 period (Conf. Pap., v. 2, p. 109, 1997). It corresponded in time with a similar quasi-periodicity observed in the dataset for the planetary index Ap. At the 26th ICRC at Salt Lake City, UT, I reported on our analysis of the Ap data to forecast the amplitude of solar cycle 23 activity (Conf. Pap., v. 2, pl. 260, 1999). I predicted that cycle 23 will be moderate (a la cycle 17), notwithstanding the early exuberant forecasts of some solar astronomers that cycle 23, "may be one of the greatest cycles in recent times, if not the greatest." Sunspot number data up to April 2001 indicate that our forecast appears to be right on the mark. We review the solar, interplanetary and geophysical data and describe the important lessons learned from this experience. 1. Introduction Ohl (1971) was the first to realize that Sun may be sending us a subliminal message as to its intent for its activity (Sunspot Numbers, SSN) in the next cycle. He posited that the message was embedded in the geomagnetic activity (given by sum Kp). Schatten at al (1978) suggested that Ohl hypothesis could be understood on the basis of the model proposed by Babcock (1961) who suggested that the high latitude solar poloidal fields, near a minimum, emerge as the toroidal fields on opposite sides of the solar equator. This is known as the Solar Dynamo Model. One can speculate that the precursor poloidal solar field is entrained in the high speed solar wind streams (HSSWS) from the coronal holes which are observed at Earth's orbit during the descending phase of the previous cycle. The interaction

l-2',3'-Didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluoronucleosides: synthesis, anti-HIV activity, chemical and enzymatic stability, and mechanism of resistance.

PubMed

Chong, Youhoon; Gumina, Giuseppe; Mathew, Judy S; Schinazi, Raymond F; Chu, Chung K

2003-07-17

As antiviral nucleosides containing a 2',3'-unsaturated sugar moiety with 2'-fluoro substitution are endowed with increased stabilization of the glycosyl bond, it was of interest to investigate the influence of the fluorine atom at the 3'-position. Various pyrimidine and purine L-3'-fluoro-2',3'-unsaturated nucleosides were synthesized from their precursors, L-3',3'-difluoro-2',3'-dideoxy nucleosides, by elimination of hydrogen fluoride. In the L-3',3'-difluoro-2',3'-dideoxy nucleoside series, cytidine 16 and 5-fluorocytidine 18 analogues showed modest antiviral activity (EC(50) 11.5 and 8.8 microM, respectively) when evaluated against HIV-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells. In the 2',3'-unsaturated series, L-3'-fluoro-2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxycytidine 24 and 5-fluorocytidine 26 showed highly potent antiviral activity (EC(50) 0.089 and 0.018 microM, respectively) without significant cytotoxicity. The guanosine analogue 48 showed only marginal anti-HIV activity with some cytotoxicity (EC(50) 38.5 microM, and IC(50) 17.4, 58.4, 36.5 microM in PBM, CEM, and Vero cells, respectively). The cytidine 24 and 5-fluorocytidine 26 analogues, however, showed significantly decreased antiviral activity against the clinically important lamivudine-resistant variants (HIV-1(M184V)). Molecular modeling studies demonstrated that the 3'-fluoro atom of the L-3'-fluoro-2',3'-unsaturated nucleoside is within the hydrogen bonding distance with the amide backbone of Asp185, which favors the binding of the nucleoside triphosphate to the wild-type RT. This favorable binding mode, however, cannot be maintained when the triphosphate of 3'-fluoro 2',3'-unsaturated nucleoside binds to the active site of M184V RT because the bulky side chain of Val184 occupies the space needed for the nucleotide. The biological results suggest that, in addition to the sugar conformation, the base moiety may also play a role in their interaction with the M184V RT.

Chronicle of Higher Education. Volume 50, Number 46, July 23, 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chronicle of Higher Education, 2004

2004-01-01

"Chronicle of Higher Education" presents an abundant source of news and information for college and university faculty members and administrators. This July 23, 2004 issue of "Chronicle of Higher Education" includes the following articles: (1) "Waking up from the American Dream" (Abramsky, Sasha); (2) "The Well-Tempered Seminar" (Parini, Jay); (3)…

A Statistical Study of CME Properties and of the Correlation Between Flares and CMEs over Solar Cycles 23 and 24

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Compagnino, A.; Romano, P.; Zuccarello, F.

2017-01-01

We investigated some properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), such as speed, acceleration, polar angle, angular width, and mass, using data acquired by the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) from 31 July 1997 to 31 March 2014, i.e. during the Solar Cycles 23 and 24. We used two CME catalogs: one provided by the Coordinated Data Analysis Workshops (CDAW) Data Center and one obtained by the Computer Aided CME Tracking software (CACTus) detection algorithm. For each dataset, we found that the number of CMEs observed during the peak of Cycle 24 was higher than or comparable to the number during Cycle 23, although the photospheric activity during Cycle 24 was weaker than during Cycle 23. Using the CMEs detected by CACTus, we noted that the number of events [N] is of the same order of magnitude during the peaks of the two cycles, but the peak of the CME distribution during Cycle 24 is more extended in time (N > 1500 during 2012 and 2013). We ascribe the discrepancy between the CDAW and CACTus results to the observer bias for CME definition in the CDAW catalog. We also used a dataset containing 19,811 flares of C-, M-, and X-class observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) during the same period. Using both datasets, we studied the relationship between the mass ejected by the CMEs and the flux emitted during the corresponding flares: we found 11,441 flares that were temporally correlated with CMEs for CDAW and 9120 for CACTus. Moreover, we found a log-linear relationship between the flux of the flares integrated from the start to end in the 0.1 - 0.8 nm range and the CME mass. We also found some differences in the mean CMEs velocity and acceleration between the events associated with flares and those that were not.

A study on the relationship between mass concentrations, chemistry and number size distribution of urban fine aerosols in Milan, Barcelona and London

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodríguez, S.; van Dingenen, R.; Putaud, J.-P.; Dell'Acqua, A.; Pey, J.; Querol, X.; Alastuey, A.; Chenery, S.; Ho, K.-F.; Harrison, R.; Tardivo, R.; Scarnato, B.; Gemelli, V.

2007-05-01

A physicochemical characterization, including aerosol number size distribution, chemical composition and mass concentrations, of the urban fine aerosol captured in MILAN, BARCELONA and LONDON is presented in this article. The objective is to obtain a comprehensive picture of the microphysical processes involved in aerosol dynamics during the: 1) regular evolution of the urban aerosol (daily, weekly and seasonal basis) and in the day-to-day variations (from clean-air to pollution-events), and 2) the link between "aerosol chemistry and mass concentrations" with the "number size distribution". The mass concentrations of the fine PM2.5 aerosol exhibit a high correlation with the number concentration of >100 nm particles N>100 (nm) ("accumulation mode particles") which only account for <20% of the total number concentration N of fine aerosols; but do not correlate with the number of <100 nm particles ("ultrafine particles"), which accounts for >80% of fine particles number concentration. Organic matter and black-carbon are the only aerosol components showing a significant correlation with the ultrafine particles, attributed to vehicles exhausts emissions; whereas ammonium-nitrate, ammonium-sulphate and also organic matter and black-carbon correlate with N>100 (nm) and attributed to condensation mechanisms, other particle growth processes and some primary emissions. Time series of the aerosol DpN diameter (dN/dlogD mode), mass PM2.5 concentrations and number N>100 (nm) concentrations exhibit correlated day-to-day variations, which point to a significant involvement of condensation of semi-volatile compounds during urban pollution events. This agrees with the observation that ammonium-nitrate is the component exhibiting the highest increases from mid-to-high pollution episodes, when the highest DpN increases are observed. The results indicates that "fine PM2.5 particles urban pollution events" tend to occur when condensation processes have made particles grow large enough

An HPLC tandem mass spectrometry for quantification of ET-26-HCl and its major metabolite in plasma and application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats.

PubMed

Chen, Xu; Zhang, Wensheng; Rios, Sandy; Morkos, Miriam B; Ye, Xiaoli; Li, Gen; Jiang, Xuehua; Wang, Zhijun; Wang, Ling

2018-02-05

ET-26-HCl is a new analog of etomidate, a short-acting anesthetic drug, with less adrenal cortex inhibition. The pharmacokinetics of ET-26-HCl in rats needs to be determined for future clinical trials in human subjects. In order to facilitate the pharmacokinetic study, a liquid chromatography based tandem mass spectrometric (HPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for quantification of ET-26-HCl and its major metabolite, ET-26-acid. These two compounds and gabapentin (internal standard) were extracted using a protein precipitation method with methanol and detected by Multiple Reaction Monitoring of m/z transition of 275.6-170.9, 217.7-113.1, and 172.5-154.3 for ET-26-HCl, ET-26-acid, and gabapentin respectively. This method was validated in terms of sensitivity, linearity, reproducibility, and stability. The HPLC-MS/MS method was found linear over the concentration ranges of 21.76-4352ng/mL, and 18.62-3724ng/mL with LLOQ of 21.76 and 18.62ng/mL for ET-26-HCl and ET-26-acid respectively. The mean intra-day and inter-day accuracy was between 94.11-107.78%, while the precision was within the limit of 15.0% for all the quality control samples. A pharmacokinetic study was then conducted in rats following intravenous injection of 2.1, 4.2, and 8.4mg/kg. The linear pharmacokinetics of ET-26-HCl was observed over the dose range of 2.1-8.4mg/kg. The average terminal phase elimination half-lives were 0.87 and 1.03h for ET-26-HCl and ET-26-acid respectively. In summary, an HPLC-MS/MS method for quantification of ET-26-HCl in rat plasma has been developed and successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

ONE WEEK OF EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION, NUMBER FOUR, APRIL 17-23, 1966.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandeis Univ., Waltham, MA. Morse Communication Research Center.

PROGRAM INFORMATION FROM 115 ETV STATIONS FOR THE WEEK APRIL 17-23, 1966, GIVES A GENERAL PICTURE OF EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION FOR THE YEAR 1966, AND TOGETHER WITH SIMILAR INFORMATION COLLECTED IN 1964, REVEALS TRENDS OVER THAT PERIOD. PROGRAMS FOR THE GENERAL AUDIENCE ARE INCREASING RELATIVE TO OTHER KINDS OF PROGRAMS, AND EMPHASIZE THE ARTS, PUBLIC…

29 CFR 4043.23 - Active participant reduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Active participant reduction. 4043.23 Section 4043.23 Labor... Active participant reduction. (a) Reportable event. A reportable event occurs when the number of active participants under a plan is reduced to less than 80 percent of the number of active participants at the...

29 CFR 4043.23 - Active participant reduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Active participant reduction. 4043.23 Section 4043.23 Labor... Active participant reduction. (a) Reportable event. A reportable event occurs when the number of active participants under a plan is reduced to less than 80 percent of the number of active participants at the...

29 CFR 4043.23 - Active participant reduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Active participant reduction. 4043.23 Section 4043.23 Labor... Active participant reduction. (a) Reportable event. A reportable event occurs when the number of active participants under a plan is reduced to less than 80 percent of the number of active participants at the...

29 CFR 4043.23 - Active participant reduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Active participant reduction. 4043.23 Section 4043.23 Labor... Active participant reduction. (a) Reportable event. A reportable event occurs when the number of active participants under a plan is reduced to less than 80 percent of the number of active participants at the...

29 CFR 4043.23 - Active participant reduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Active participant reduction. 4043.23 Section 4043.23 Labor... Active participant reduction. (a) Reportable event. A reportable event occurs when the number of active participants under a plan is reduced to less than 80 percent of the number of active participants at the...

Synthesis of Al-26 in explosive hydrogen burning

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arnould, M.; Norgaard, H.; Thielemann, F.-K.; Hillebrandt, W.

1980-01-01

The possibility of Al-26 synthesis during the explosive processing of hydrogen-rich material in the outer layers of a supernova or in nova envelopes is investigated. It is found that in the peak temperature range of 1-3 x 10 to the 8th deg K and for expansion time scales of the order of 1-1000 s, values of (Al-26)/(Al-27) as high as 0.1-1 can be obtained for values of 0.001-100,000 for the product of the peak density in g/cu cm and the proton mass fraction. Such a level of Al-26 production is considerably higher than that of recent carbon/neon burning nucleosynthesis models, and is sufficient to account for the magnesium anomalies detected in certain inclusions from the Leoville and Allende meteorites. Al abundances resulting from a hydrodynamical calculation performed on the grounds of a 25 solar mass presupernova model are also presented, and the influence of uncertainties in the input physics is discussed; in particular, the rates of the (Mg-25)(p,gamma)(Al-26) and (Al-26)(p,gamma)(Si-27) key reactions are studied.

Statistical properties of correlated solar flares and coronal mass ejections in cycles 23 and 24

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aarnio, Alicia

2018-01-01

Outstanding problems in understanding early stellar systems include mass loss, angular momentum evolution, and the effects of energetic events on the surrounding environs. The latter of these drives much research into our own system's space weather and the development of predictive algorithms for geomagnetic storms. So dually motivated, we have leveraged a big-data approach to combine two decades of GOES and LASCO data to identify a large sample of spatially and temporally correlated solar flares and CMEs. In this presentation, we revisit the analysis of Aarnio et al. (2011), adding 10 years of data and further exploring the relationships between correlated flare and CME properties. We compare the updated data set results to those previously obtained, and discuss the effects of selecting smaller time windows within solar cycles 23 and 24 on the empirically defined relationships between correlated flare and CME properties. Finally, we discuss a newly identified large sample of potentially interesting correlated flares and CMEs perhaps erroneously excluded from previous searches.

Modification of artificial sea water for the mass production of (+)-terrein by Aspergillus terreus strain PF26 derived from marine sponge Phakellia fusca.

PubMed

Yin, Y; Ding, Y; Feng, G; Li, J; Xiao, L; Karuppiah, V; Sun, W; Zhang, F; Li, Z

2015-12-01

(+)-Terrein shows multiple bioactivities, however, its mass production is a big challenge. Aspergillus terreus strain PF26 derived from South China Sea sponge Phakellia fusca has been cultured to produce (+)-terrein successfully, but artificial sea water (ASW) of high salinity used in the fermentation medium may cause the corrosion risk of metal bioreactor, which limits the fermentation on a large scale. In this study, we modified the components of ASW by removing NaCl and CaCl2 from the original formula, which reduced about 80% salinity of ASW. As a result, 7·56 g l(-1) (+)-terrein production was achieved in shake flask, which was 78·72% higher than using the original ASW, and the cultivation time was decreased from 24 to 15 days. Then, the modified ASW was used for the fermentation of A. terreus strain PF26 in a 500 l stirred bioreactor, consequently 2·5 g l(-1) of (+)-terrein production was achieved. The fermentation of marine micro-organisms always needs to use sea water or artificial sea water (ASW), which limits the fermentation on a large scale, as the high-salinity medium may cause the corrosion risk of bioreactor. In this study, the ASW formula is simplified to reduce the sea water salinity and improve the yield of (+)-terrein, finally, the modified ASW was successfully used for the mass production of (+)-terrein by A. terreus strain PF26 in a 500 l bioreactor. © 2015 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Firn Thickness Changes (1982-2015) Driven by SMB from MERRA-2, RACMO2.3, ERA-Int and AVHRR Surface Temperature and the Impacts to Greenland Ice Sheet Mass Balance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, J.; Medley, B.; Neumann, T.; Smith, B. E.; Luthcke, S. B.; Zwally, H. J.

2016-12-01

Surface mass balance (SMB) data are essential in the derivation of ice sheet mass balance. This is because ice sheet mass change consists of short-term and long-term variations. The short-term variations are directly given by the SMB data. For altimetry based ice sheet mass balance studies, these short-term mass changes are converted to firn thickness changes by using a firn densification-elevation model, and then the variations are subtracted from the altimetry measurements to give the long-term ice thickness changes that are associated with the density of ice. So far various SMB data sets such as ERA-Interim, RACMO and MERRA are available and some have been widely used in large number of ice sheet mass balance studies. However theses data sets exhibit the clear discrepancies in both random and systematic manner. In this study, we use our time dependent firn densification- elevation model, driven by the SMB data from MERRA-2, RACMO2.3 and ERA-Int for the period of 1982-2015 and the temperature variations from AVHRR for the same period to examine the corresponding firn thickness variations and the impacts to the mass changes over the Greenland ice sheet. The model was initialized with the1980's climate. Our results show that the relative smaller (centimeter level) differences in the firn thickness driven by the different data set occur at the early stage (1980's) of the model run. As the time progressing, the discrepancies between the SMB data sets accumulate, and the corresponding firn thickness differences quickly become larger with the value > 2m at the end of the period. Although the overall rates for the whole period driven by each of the three data sets are small ranging -0.2 - 0.2 cm a-1 (-3.0-2.7 Gt a-1), the decadal rates can vary greatly with magnitude > 3 cm a-1 and the impact to the Greenland mass change exceeds 30 Gt a-1.

Estimation of lipids and lean mass of migrating sandpipers

USGS Publications Warehouse

Skagen, Susan K.; Knopf, Fritz L.; Cade, Brian S.

1993-01-01

Estimation of lean mass and lipid levels in birds involves the derivation of predictive equations that relate morphological measurements and, more recently, total body electrical conductivity (TOBEC) indices to known lean and lipid masses. Using cross-validation techniques, we evaluated the ability of several published and new predictive equations to estimate lean and lipid mass of Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) and White-rumped Sandpipers (C. fuscicollis). We also tested ideas of Morton et al. (1991), who stated that current statistical approaches to TOBEC methodology misrepresent precision in estimating body fat. Three published interspecific equations using TOBEC indices predicted lean and lipid masses of our sample of birds with average errors of 8-28% and 53-155%, respectively. A new two-species equation relating lean mass and TOBEC indices revealed average errors of 4.6% and 23.2% in predicting lean and lipid mass, respectively. New intraspecific equations that estimate lipid mass directly from body mass, morphological measurements, and TOBEC indices yielded about a 13% error in lipid estimates. Body mass and morphological measurements explained a substantial portion of the variance (about 90%) in fat mass of both species. Addition of TOBEC indices improved the predictive model more for the smaller than for the larger sandpiper. TOBEC indices explained an additional 7.8% and 2.6% of the variance in fat mass and reduced the minimum breadth of prediction intervals by 0.95 g (32%) and 0.39 g (13%) for Semipalmated and White-rumped Sandpipers, respectively. The breadth of prediction intervals for models used to predict fat levels of individual birds must be considered when interpreting the resultant lipid estimates.

49 CFR 23.31 - What certification standards and procedures do recipients use to certify ACDBEs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... recipients use to certify ACDBEs? 23.31 Section 23.31 Transportation Office of the Secretary of... Eligibility of ACDBEs § 23.31 What certification standards and procedures do recipients use to certify ACDBEs... for purposes of part 26, an ACDBE for purposes of part 23, or both. (c) As an airport or UCP, you must...

The effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 23 (PPV23) in the general population of 50 years of age and older: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PubMed

Kraicer-Melamed, Hannah; O'Donnell, Shauna; Quach, Caroline

2016-03-18

Two pneumococcal vaccines currently exist and have been recommended for the prevention of pneumococcal infection in adults 65 years of age and older: the 23-valent polysaccharide (PPV23) and the conjugate 13-valent (PCV13) vaccine. To evaluate and summarize the results from all studies reporting on the vaccine effectiveness of PPV23 in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in individuals over the age of 50. Systematic database searches were completed in PubMed, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Google Scholar and hand searches of seminal articles and past systematic reviews were employed. Studies were included if they independently evaluated the effect of PPV23 on IPD and/or CAP in adults (50+). Data extraction and quality assessment were both completed independently by two researchers. Quality was assessed using the National Advisory Committee on Immunization methodology for quality assessment. All conflicts were resolved by consensus. The vaccine effectiveness for PPV23 in preventing IPD was 50% (95% CI: 21%-69%) for cohort studies and 54% (95% CI: 32%-69%) for case-control studies. The VE estimates for CAP were 4% (95% CI: -26%-26%) for trials, 17% (95% CI: -26%-45%) for cohort studies, and 7% (95% CI: -10%-21%) for case-control studies. The vaccine effectiveness of PPV23 in preventing IPD and all-cause CAP was consistent with past systematic reviews and similar to the estimates that were reported in the CAPiTA trial evaluating the vaccine effectiveness of PCV13. Consistent benefits were also reported across ecological studies and reports of surveillance data for the general population 50 years and older. The results suggests that the current practice of vaccinating the adults 65 years of age and older with PPV23 would have similar benefits to PCV13 in preventing potential cases of all-serotype IPD and all-cause CAP. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Al-26 and Be-10 production in iron meteorites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aylmer, D.; Bonanno, V.; Herzog, G. F.; Weber, H.; Klein, J.

1988-01-01

To compare the Al-26/Ne-21 ages with K-40/K-41 ages, the contents of Al-26 were determined in seven iron meteorites using accelerator mass spectrometry and the light noble gas contents were determined using conventional mass spectrometry, for samples for which these values were not available. In addition, contents of Be-10 were measured. Due to the presence of boron in the samples, the values of Al-26 were found to be at least 30 percent lower than the literature values obtained by low-level counting techniques, while the Be-10 values were 10-15 percent lower. The production rates of these nuclides at different He-4/Ne-21 ratios were estimated, showing that the increase in He-4/Ne-21 ratios corresponded with decreases in Al-26 and Be-10. It was shown that the exposure ages calculated from the Ne-21/Al-26 ratio cannot be calibrated so as to agree with both the K-40/K-41 ages and ages based on the shorter-lived nuclides Ar-39 and Cl-36.

Solar-geophysical data number 499, March 1986. Part 2: (Comprehensive reports). Data for September 1986 and miscellanea

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Coffey, H. E. (Editor)

1986-01-01

Solar-Geophysical Data Number 499, March 1986, Part 2 (Comprehensive Reports); Data for September 1985, and Miscellanea, contains the following: Detailed index for 1985 to 1986; Data for September 1985--(Solar flares, Solar radio bursts at fixed frequencies; Solar X-ray radiation from GOES satellite; Mass ejections from the Sun; Active prominences and filaments); (Meudon carte synoptique 7 July - 26 September 1985, Solar irradiance).

Analysis of 23 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smokeless tobacco by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

PubMed Central

Stepanov, Irina; Villalta, Peter W.; Knezevich, Aleksandar; Jensen, Joni; Hatsukami, Dorothy; Hecht, Stephen S.

2009-01-01

Smokeless tobacco contains 28 known carcinogens and causes precancerous oral lesions and oral and pancreatic cancer. A recent study conducted by our research team identified 8 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in U.S. moist snuff, encouraging further investigations of this group of toxicants and carcinogens in smokeless tobacco products. In this study, we developed a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method that allows simultaneous analysis of 23 various PAH in smokeless tobacco after a simple two-step extraction and purification procedure. The method produced coefficients of variation under 10% for most PAH. The limits of quantitation for different PAH varied between 0.3 ng/g tobacco and 11 ng/g tobacco, starting with a 300-mg sample. The recovery of the stable isotope-labeled internal standards averaged 87%. The method was applied to analysis of 23 moist snuff samples that include various flavors of the most popular U.S. moist snuff brands, as well as 17 samples representing the currently marketed brands of spit-free tobacco pouches, a relatively new type of smokeless tobacco. The sum of all detected PAH in conventional moist snuff averaged 11.6 (± 3.7) µg/g dry weight, 20% of this amount being comprised by carcinogenic PAH. The levels of PAH in new spit-free tobacco products were much lower than those in moist snuff, the sum of all detected PAH averaging 1.3 (±0.28) µg/g dry weight. Our findings render PAH one of the most prevalent groups of carcinogens in smokeless tobacco, along with tobacco-specific nitrosamines. Urgent measures are required from the U.S. tobacco industry to modify manufacturing processes so that the levels of these toxicants and carcinogens in the U.S. moist snuff are greatly reduced. PMID:19860436

H I OBSERVATIONS OF THE Ca II ABSORBING GALAXIES Mrk 1456 AND SDSS J211701.26-002633.7

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cherinka, B.; Schulte-Ladbeck, R. E.; Rosenberg, J. L.

2009-12-15

In an effort to study Damped Ly{alpha} (DLA) galaxies at low redshift, we have been using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to identify galaxies projected onto quasi-stellar object (QSO) sight lines and to characterize their optical properties. For low-redshift galaxies, the H I 21 cm emission line can be used as an alternate tool for identifying possible DLA galaxies, since H I-emitting galaxies typically exhibit H I columns that are larger than the classical DLA limit. Here, we report on follow-up H I 21 cm emission-line observations of two DLA candidates that are both low-redshift spiral galaxies, Mrk 1456more » and SDSS J211701.26-002633.7. The observations were made using the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) and Arecibo telescope, respectively. Analysis of their H I properties reveal the galaxies to be about one and two M*{sub HI} galaxies, respectively, and to have average H I mass, gas richness, and gas-mass fraction for their morphological types. We consider Mrk 1456 and SDSS J211701.26-002633.7 to be candidate DLA systems based upon the strength of the Ca II absorption lines they cause in their QSO's spectra, and impact parameters to the QSO that are smaller than the stellar disk. Compared to the small numbers of other H I detected DLA and candidate DLA galaxies, Mrk 1456 and SDSS J211701.26-002633.7 have high H I masses. Mrk 1456 and SDSS J211701.26-002633.7 have also been found to lie in galaxy groups that are high in H I gas mass compared to the group containing SBS 1543+593, the only DLA galaxy previously known to be situated in a galaxy group. When compared with the expected properties of low-z DLAs from an H I-detected sample of galaxies, Mrk 1456 and SDSS J211701.26-002633.7 fall within the ranges for impact parameter and M{sub B} ; and the H I mass distribution for the H I-detected DLAs agrees with that of the expected H I mass distribution for low-z DLAs. Our observations support galaxy-evolution models in which high-mass galaxies make up an

Oral Treatment with the Ghrelin Receptor Agonist HM01 Attenuates Cachexia in Mice Bearing Colon-26 (C26) Tumors.

PubMed

Villars, Fabienne O; Pietra, Claudio; Giuliano, Claudio; Lutz, Thomas A; Riediger, Thomas

2017-05-05

The gastrointestinal hormone ghrelin reduces energy expenditure and stimulates food intake. Ghrelin analogs are a possible treatment against cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS). This study aimed to investigate whether oral treatment with the non-peptidergic ghrelin receptor agonist HM01 counteracts CACS in colon-26 (C26) tumor-bearing mice. The C26 tumor model is characterized by pronounced body weight (BW) loss and muscle wasting in the absence of severe anorexia. We analyzed the time course of BW loss, body composition, muscle mass, bone mineral density, and the cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and macrophage-inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1). Moreover, we measured the expression of the muscle degradation markers muscle RING-finger-protein-1 (MuRF-1) and muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx). After tumor inoculation, MIC-1 levels increased earlier than IL-6 and both cytokines were elevated before MuRF-1/MAFbx expression increased. Oral HM01 treatment increased BW, fat mass, and neuronal hypothalamic activity in healthy mice. In tumor-bearing mice, HM01 increased food intake, BW, fat mass, muscle mass, and bone mineral density while it decreased energy expenditure. These effects appeared to be independent of IL-6, MIC-1, MuRF-1 or MAFbx, which were not affected by HM01. Therefore, HM01 counteracts cachectic body weight loss under inflammatory conditions and is a promising compound for the treatment of cancer cachexia in the absence of severe anorexia.

SecG is required for antibiotic activities of Pseudomonas sp. YL23 against Erwinia amylovora and Dickeya chrysanthemi.

PubMed

Liu, Youzhou; Baird, Sonya M; Qiao, Junqing; Du, Yan; Lu, Shi-En

2015-05-01

Strain YL23 was isolated from soybean root tips and identified to be Pseudomonas sp. This strain showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens that are economically important in agriculture. To characterize the genes dedicated to antibacterial activities against microbial phytopathogens, a Tn5-mutation library of YL23 was constructed. Plate bioassays revealed that the mutant YL23-93 lost its antibacterial activities against Erwinia amylovora and Dickeya chrysanthemi as compared with its wild type strain. Genetic and sequencing analyses localized the transposon in a homolog of the secG gene in the mutant YL23-93. Constitutive expression plasmid pUCP26-secG was constructed and electroporated into the mutant YL23-93. Introduction of the plasmid pUCP26-secG restored antibacterial activities of the mutant YL23-93 to E. amylovora and D. chrysanthemi. As expected, empty plasmid pUCP26 could not complement the phenotype of the antibacterial activity in the mutant. Thus the secG gene, belonging to the Sec protein translocation system, is required for antibacterial activity of strain YL23 against E. amylovora and D. chrysanthemi. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Occupational Exposure to Cobalt and Tungsten in the Swedish Hard Metal Industry: Air Concentrations of Particle Mass, Number, and Surface Area

PubMed Central

Bryngelsson, Ing-Liss; Pettersson, Carin; Husby, Bente; Arvidsson, Helena; Westberg, Håkan

2016-01-01

Exposure to cobalt in the hard metal industry entails severe adverse health effects, including lung cancer and hard metal fibrosis. The main aim of this study was to determine exposure air concentration levels of cobalt and tungsten for risk assessment and dose–response analysis in our medical investigations in a Swedish hard metal plant. We also present mass-based, particle surface area, and particle number air concentrations from stationary sampling and investigate the possibility of using these data as proxies for exposure measures in our study. Personal exposure full-shift measurements were performed for inhalable and total dust, cobalt, and tungsten, including personal real-time continuous monitoring of dust. Stationary measurements of inhalable and total dust, PM2.5, and PM10 was also performed and cobalt and tungsten levels were determined, as were air concentration of particle number and particle surface area of fine particles. The personal exposure levels of inhalable dust were consistently low (AM 0.15mg m−3, range <0.023–3.0mg m−3) and below the present Swedish occupational exposure limit (OEL) of 10mg m−3. The cobalt levels were low as well (AM 0.0030mg m−3, range 0.000028–0.056mg m−3) and only 6% of the samples exceeded the Swedish OEL of 0.02mg m−3. For continuous personal monitoring of dust exposure, the peaks ranged from 0.001 to 83mg m−3 by work task. Stationary measurements showed lower average levels both for inhalable and total dust and cobalt. The particle number concentration of fine particles (AM 3000 p·cm−3) showed the highest levels at the departments of powder production, pressing and storage, and for the particle surface area concentrations (AM 7.6 µm2·cm−3) similar results were found. Correlating cobalt mass-based exposure measurements to cobalt stationary mass-based, particle area, and particle number concentrations by rank and department showed significant correlations for all measures except for particle

32 CFR 199.23 - Special Supplemental Food Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... health care during critical times of growth and development, in order to prevent the occurrence of health..., integrated health care network. (26) Supplemental foods. Foods containing nutrients determined by nutritional... (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS CIVILIAN HEALTH AND MEDICAL PROGRAM OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES (CHAMPUS) § 199.23...

32 CFR 199.23 - Special Supplemental Food Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... health care during critical times of growth and development, in order to prevent the occurrence of health..., integrated health care network. (26) Supplemental foods. Foods containing nutrients determined by nutritional... (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS CIVILIAN HEALTH AND MEDICAL PROGRAM OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES (CHAMPUS) § 199.23...

32 CFR 199.23 - Special Supplemental Food Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... health care during critical times of growth and development, in order to prevent the occurrence of health..., integrated health care network. (26) Supplemental foods. Foods containing nutrients determined by nutritional... (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS CIVILIAN HEALTH AND MEDICAL PROGRAM OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES (CHAMPUS) § 199.23...

32 CFR 199.23 - Special Supplemental Food Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... health care during critical times of growth and development, in order to prevent the occurrence of health..., integrated health care network. (26) Supplemental foods. Foods containing nutrients determined by nutritional... (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS CIVILIAN HEALTH AND MEDICAL PROGRAM OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES (CHAMPUS) § 199.23...

75 FR 11150 - Free Flow Power Qualified Hydro 23, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-10

... Qualified Hydro 23, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting... Power Qualified Hydro 23, LLC (FFP Qualified Hydro 23) filed an application for a preliminary permit... new 2.6-mile- long, 23-kilovolt transmission line; and (5) appurtenant facilities. The proposed...

Characteristics of particle number and mass emissions during heavy-duty diesel truck parked active DPF regeneration in an ambient air dilution tunnel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoon, Seungju; Quiros, David C.; Dwyer, Harry A.; Collins, John F.; Burnitzki, Mark; Chernich, Donald; Herner, Jorn D.

2015-12-01

Diesel particle number and mass emissions were measured during parked active regeneration of diesel particulate filters (DPF) in two heavy-duty diesel trucks: one equipped with a DPF and one equipped with a DPF + SCR (selective catalytic reduction), and compliant with the 2007 and 2010 emission standards, respectively. The emission measurements were conducted using an ambient air dilution tunnel. During parked active regeneration, particulate matter (PM) mass emissions measured from a 2007 technology truck were significantly higher than the emissions from a 2010 technology truck. Particle number emissions from both trucks were dominated by nucleation mode particles having a diameter less than 50 nm; nucleation mode particles were orders of magnitude higher than accumulation mode particles having a diameter greater than 50 nm. Accumulation mode particles contributed 77.8 %-95.8 % of the 2007 truck PM mass, but only 7.3 %-28.2 % of the 2010 truck PM mass.

Mass spectrometric studies of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium and 1-propyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl)-sulfonylimides.

PubMed

Chilingarov, Norbert S; Medvedev, Artem A; Deyko, Grigoriy S; Kustov, Leonid M; Chernikova, Elena A; Glukhov, Lev M; Markov, Vitaliy Yu; Ioffe, Il'ya N; Senyavin, Vladimir M; Polyakova, Marina V; Sidorov, Lev N

2015-07-15

Ionic liquids ([Cat(+)][An(-)]) were believed to decompose before reaching vaporization temperatures, but recently some of them have been shown to vaporize congruently. Low-temperature vaporization of ionic substances is an intriguing phenomenon, so the vapor-phase composition and reactions of ionic liquids deserve more extensive study. Evaporation of two ionic liquids, [C2MIM(+)][Tf2 N(-)] and [C3MMIM(+)][Tf2N(-)], was studied by means of Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry. These liquids were also characterized using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry, UV/Vis, IR, NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The vaporization enthalpies of (118 ± 3) and (124 ± 2) kJ·mol(-1) were determined for [C2MIM(+)][Tf2N(-)] and [C3MMIM(+)][Tf2N(-)], respectively. The corresponding equations for their saturated vapor pressures are: ln(p{[C2MIM(+)][Tf2N(-)]}/Pa) = -(14213 ± 325)/(T/K) + (26.57 ± 1.04), ln(p{[C2MMIM(+)][Tf2N(-)]}/Pa) = -(14868 ± 221)/(T/K) + (27.19 ± 0.60). The MALDI studies (positive and negative ion modes) enabled detection of monomeric [Cat(+)] and [An(-)] ions, the cluster ions {[Cat(+)]2 [An(-)]}(+) and {[Cat(+)][An(-)]2}(-), and some complex anions {2[An(-)] + Na(+)}(-), {2[An(-)] + K(+)}(-), {2[An(-)] + Cu(+)}(-) and {3[An(-)] + Ca(2+)}(-). Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry proved to be a valuable method to study the thermodynamics of ionic liquids. The saturated vapor pressure and vaporization enthalpy of [C3MMIM(+)][Tf2N(-)] were accurately determined for the first time. MALDI is also capable of providing indirect information on hydrogen bonding. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Nonmaximal θ23 Mixing at NOvA from Neutrino Decoherence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coelho, João A. B.; Mann, W. Anthony; Bashar, Saqib S.

2017-06-01

In a study of a muon-neutrino disappearance at 810 km, the NOvA experiment finds flavor mixing of the atmospheric sector to deviate from maximal (sin2θ23=0.5 ) by 2.6 σ . The result is in tension with the 295-km baseline measurements of T2K, which are consistent with maximal mixing. We propose that θ23 is in fact maximal, and that the disagreement is a harbinger of environmentally induced decoherence. The departure from maximal mixing can be accounted for by an energy-independent decoherence of strength Γ =(2.3 ±1.1 )×10-23 GeV .

Mass and heat transfer in crushed oil shale

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carley, J.F.; Ott, L.L.; Swecker, J.L.

1995-03-01

Studies of heat and mass transfer in packed beds, which disagree substantially in their findings, have nearly all been done with beds of regular particles of uniform size, whereas oil-shale retorting involves particles of diverse irregular shapes and sizes. The authors, in 349 runs, measured mass-transfer rates front naphthalene particles buried in packed beds by passing through air at room temperature. An exact catalog between convection of heat and mass makes it possible to infer heat-transfer coefficients from measured mass-transfer coefficients and fluid properties. Some beds consisted of spheres, naphthalene and inert, of the same, contrasting or distributed sizes. Inmore » some runs, naphthalene spheres were buried in beds of crushed shale, some in narrow screen ranges and others with a wide size range. In others, naphthalene lozenges of different shapes were buried in beds of crushed shale in various bed axis orientations. This technique permits calculation of the mass-transfer coefficient for each active particle in the bed rather than, as in most past studies, for the bed as a whole. The data are analyzed by the traditional correlation of Colburn j{sub D} vs. Reynolds number and by multiple regression of the mass-transfer coefficient on air rate, sizes of active and inert particles, void fraction, and temperature. Principal findings are: local Reynolds number should be based on the active-particle size, not the average for the whole bed; differences between shallow and deep beds are not appreciable; mass transfer is 26% faster for spheres and lozenges buried in shale than in all-sphere beds; orientation of lozenges in shale beds has little or no effect on mass-transfer rate; and for mass or heat transfer in shale beds, log(j{center_dot}{epsilon}) = {minus}0.0747 - 0.6344 log N{sub Re} + 0. 0592 log {sup 2} N{sub Re}.« less

22 CFR 2.3 - Notification of foreign officials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Notification of foreign officials. 2.3 Section....C. 1116(b)(2), 1116(c)(4); sec. 4 of the Act of May 26, 1949, as amended (22 U.S.C. 2658)) [37 FR 24818, Nov. 22, 1972] ...

An Automated Micro-Total Immunoassay System for Measuring Cancer-Associated α2,3-linked Sialyl N-Glycan-Carrying Prostate-Specific Antigen May Improve the Accuracy of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis

PubMed Central

Ishikawa, Tomokazu; Yoneyama, Tohru; Tobisawa, Yuki; Hatakeyama, Shingo; Kurosawa, Tatsuo; Nakamura, Kenji; Narita, Shintaro; Mitsuzuka, Koji; Duivenvoorden, Wilhelmina; Pinthus, Jehonathan H.; Hashimoto, Yasuhiro; Koie, Takuya; Habuchi, Tomonori; Arai, Yoichi; Ohyama, Chikara

2017-01-01

The low specificity of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for early detection of prostate cancer (PCa) is a major issue worldwide. The aim of this study to examine whether the serum PCa-associated α2,3-linked sialyl N-glycan-carrying PSA (S2,3PSA) ratio measured by automated micro-total immunoassay systems (μTAS system) can be applied as a diagnostic marker of PCa. The μTAS system can utilize affinity-based separation involving noncovalent interaction between the immunocomplex of S2,3PSA and Maackia amurensis lectin to simultaneously determine concentrations of free PSA and S2,3PSA. To validate quantitative performance, both recombinant S2,3PSA and benign-associated α2,6-linked sialyl N-glycan-carrying PSA (S2,6PSA) purified from culture supernatant of PSA cDNA transiently-transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells were used as standard protein. Between 2007 and 2016, fifty patients with biopsy-proven PCa were pair-matched for age and PSA levels, with the same number of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients used to validate the diagnostic performance of serum S2,3PSA ratio. A recombinant S2,3PSA- and S2,6PSA-spiked sample was clearly discriminated by μTAS system. Limit of detection of S2,3PSA was 0.05 ng/mL and coefficient variation was less than 3.1%. The area under the curve (AUC) for detection of PCa for the S2,3PSA ratio (%S2,3PSA) with cutoff value 43.85% (AUC; 0.8340) was much superior to total PSA (AUC; 0.5062) using validation sample set. Although the present results are preliminary, the newly developed μTAS platform for measuring %S2,3PSA can achieve the required assay performance specifications for use in the practical and clinical setting and may improve the accuracy of PCa diagnosis. Additional validation studies are warranted. PMID:28241428

Mass Deacidification.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Carolyn

1979-01-01

Reviews methods being developed for mass deacidification of books to prevent deterioration of paper. The use of diethyl zinc, liquified gas, and morpholine, and the advantages, disadvantages, and cost of each are considered. A 26-item bibliography is included. (JD)

Both interleukin-23A polymorphism and serum interlukin-23 expression are associated with Graves' disease risk.

PubMed

Jia, Huiying; Tao, Feng; Liu, Changqin; Guo, Ting; Zhu, Wei; Wang, Shu; Cui, Bin; Ning, Guang

2015-03-01

Two independent Chinese cohorts were used to study the genetic association between the interleukin-23A (IL-23A) gene polymorphism (rs11171806) and susceptibility to Graves' disease (GD). The initial Shanghai cohort consisted of 712 unrelated patients with GD and 705 healthy control subjects, and the replication cohort from Xiamen Island included 433 patients with GD and 410 healthy control subjects. The serum concentration of IL-23 in GD patients was measured significantly higher than in health controls. Moreover in the subgroup analysis, higher concentrations of IL-23 were identified in patients of older age (⩾40 years) and female gender. We also performed an association study with the IL-23 gene polymorphism rs11171806 in both cohorts, in Shanghai cohorts, the frequencies of rs11171806 alleles were strongly different between Graves' disease patients (G 95.7% and A 4.3%) and healthy controls (G 97.7% and A 2.3%) (P=2.6×10(-3), OR=1.93 (95% CI: 1.25-2.97)), and in Xiamen cohorts, the proportion of individuals carrying the A allele of rs11171806 was the same significantly higher in Graves' disease patients than in controls [Graves' disease vs. control, 4.8% vs. 4.3%, OR=2.15 (95% CI: 1.23-3.79), P(allele)=6.3×10(-3)]. The distribution of rs11171806 genotype was also investigated in subgroups according to the age and gender. All of these findings suggested that IL-23 may play an important role in the development of GD, and the IL-23A gene is a genetic risk marker for GD in Han Chinese population. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Analysis of turbulent heat transfer, mass transfer, and friction in smooth tubes at high Prandtl and Schmidt numbers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Deissler, Robert G

1955-01-01

The expression for eddy diffusivity from a previous analysis was modified in order to account for the effect of kinematic viscosity on the turbulence in the region close to a wall. By using the modified expression, good agreement was obtained between predicted and experimental results for heat and mass transfer at Prandtl and Schmidt numbers between 0.5 and 3000. The effects of length-to-diameter ratio and of variable viscosity were also investigated for a wide range of Prandtl numbers.

32 CFR 199.26 - TRICARE Young Adult.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) MISCELLANEOUS CIVILIAN HEALTH AND MEDICAL PROGRAM OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES (CHAMPUS) § 199.26 TRICARE Young Adult. (a) Establishment. The TRICARE Young Adult (TYA) program offers the medical benefits provided... sponsors who do not otherwise have eligibility for medical coverage under a TRICARE Program at age 21 (23...

32 CFR 199.26 - TRICARE Young Adult.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) MISCELLANEOUS CIVILIAN HEALTH AND MEDICAL PROGRAM OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES (CHAMPUS) § 199.26 TRICARE Young Adult. (a) Establishment. The TRICARE Young Adult (TYA) program offers the medical benefits provided... sponsors who do not otherwise have eligibility for medical coverage under a TRICARE Program at age 21 (23...

VUV Dissociative Photoionization of Quinoline in the 7-26 eV Photon Energy Range

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leach, Sydney; Jochims, Hans-Werner; Baumgärtel, Helmut; Champion, Norbert

2018-05-01

The dissociative photoionization of quinoline was studied by photoionization mass spectrometry and ion yield measurements over a synchrotron photon excitation energy range 7-26 eV. The ionic and neutral products were identified with the aid of thermochemical calculations that, in some cases, led to deeper understanding of photodissociation pathways and the determination of upper limits of heats of formation of ionic and neutral dissociation products. A detailed comparison between the 20 eV photon excitation and 70 eV electron impact mass spectra, coupled with estimation of thermochemical appearance energies, leads to assignment of the dissociative ionization cation and neutral products for each detected ion. Reaction schemes for formation of these products are proposed in a number of cases. Ion intensities in the photon and electron impact mass spectra were used to consider extending a rule of charge retention in simple bond cleavage to more complex cases of dissociative ionization.

23 CFR 260.117 - Application procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... representatives, Urban Mass Transportation Administration regional directors, major transit authorities and from... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Application procedures. 260.117 Section 260.117 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION NATIONAL HIGHWAY INSTITUTE EDUCATION AND...

23 CFR 810.2 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Purpose. 810.2 Section 810.2 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS General § 810.2 Purpose. The purpose of this regulation is to implement sections 137, 142, and 149 of...

Au36(SPh)23 nanomolecules.

PubMed

Nimmala, Praneeth Reddy; Dass, Amala

2011-06-22

A new core size protected completely by an aromatic thiol, Au(36)(SPh)(23), is synthesized and characterized by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and UV-visible spectroscopy. The synthesis involving core size changes is studied by MS, and the complete ligand coverage by aromatic thiol group is shown by NMR.

Baseline Optimization for the Measurement of CP Violation, Mass Hierarchy, and $$\\theta_{23}$$ Octant in a Long-Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bass, M.; Bishai, M.; Cherdack, D.

2015-03-19

Next-generation long-baseline electron neutrino appearance experiments will seek to discover C P violation, determine the mass hierarchy and resolve the θ 23 octant. In light of the recent precision measurements of θ 13 , we consider the sensitivity of these measurements in a study to determine the optimal baseline, including practical considerations regarding beam and detector performance. We conclude that a detector at a baseline of at least 1000 km in a wide-band muon neutrino beam is themore » optimal configuration.« less

Low Mass-Damping Vortex-Induced Vibrations of a Single Cylinder at Moderate Reynolds Number.

PubMed

Jus, Y; Longatte, E; Chassaing, J-C; Sagaut, P

2014-10-01

The feasibility and accuracy of large eddy simulation is investigated for the case of three-dimensional unsteady flows past an elastically mounted cylinder at moderate Reynolds number. Although these flow problems are unconfined, complex wake flow patterns may be observed depending on the elastic properties of the structure. An iterative procedure is used to solve the structural dynamic equation to be coupled with the Navier-Stokes system formulated in a pseudo-Eulerian way. A moving mesh method is involved to deform the computational domain according to the motion of the fluid structure interface. Numerical simulations of vortex-induced vibrations are performed for a freely vibrating cylinder at Reynolds number 3900 in the subcritical regime under two low mass-damping conditions. A detailed physical analysis is provided for a wide range of reduced velocities, and the typical three-branch response of the amplitude behavior usually reported in the experiments is exhibited and reproduced by numerical simulation.

A soft x-ray coronal mass ejection occurred on solar limb on 1998 April 23

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheng, X. J.

2001-11-01

Using some data observed with SXT/HXT aboard Yohkoh and the Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH) on 1998 April 23, a comprehensive study on the soft X-ray coronal mass ejection (CME) on solar SE limb shows there were two magnetic dipole sources (MDSs), one magnetic capacity belt (MCB) between MDSs, one neutral current sheet (NCS) and only a few activation sources (ASs). During the MCB was changed by the ASs into a magnetic energy belt (MEB), the material and energy both concentrated to the NCS in the course of its formation. When the MDSs were put through by the MEB, the NCS formed and the CME occurred. The matter ejected not only from the NCS, but also from the whole MEB. The expanding loop of the CME had two footprints, they were just the MDSs. The head of the expanding loop always tended to the foot point of weak source. The locus of the head was just neutral line. From this, the position of NCS also could be determined.

21 CFR 201.23 - Required pediatric studies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Required pediatric studies. 201.23 Section 201.23...: GENERAL LABELING General Labeling Provisions § 201.23 Required pediatric studies. (a) A manufacturer of a... certifies that: (i) Necessary studies are impossible or highly impractical because, e.g., the number of such...

21 CFR 201.23 - Required pediatric studies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Required pediatric studies. 201.23 Section 201.23...: GENERAL LABELING General Labeling Provisions § 201.23 Required pediatric studies. (a) A manufacturer of a... certifies that: (i) Necessary studies are impossible or highly impractical because, e.g., the number of such...

Characterization and analysis of posttranslational modifications of the human large cytoplasmic ribosomal subunit proteins by mass spectrometry and Edman sequencing.

PubMed

Odintsova, Tatyana I; Müller, Eva-Christina; Ivanov, Anton V; Egorov, Tsezi A; Bienert, Ralf; Vladimirov, Serguei N; Kostka, Susanne; Otto, Albrecht; Wittmann-Liebold, Brigitte; Karpova, Galina G

2003-04-01

The 60S ribosomal proteins were isolated from ribosomes of human placenta and separated by reversed phase HPLC. The fractions obtained were subjected to trypsin and Glu-C digestion and analyzed by mass fingerprinting (MALDI-TOF), MS/MS (ESI), and Edman sequencing. Forty-six large subunit proteins were found, 22 of which showed masses in accordance with the SwissProt database (June 2002) masses (proteins L6, L7, L9, L13, L15, L17, L18, L21, L22, L24, L26, L27, L30, L32, L34, L35, L36, L37, L37A, L38, L39, L41). Eleven (proteins L7, L10A, L11, L12, L13A, L23, L23A, L27A, L28, L29, and P0) resulted in mass changes that are consistent with N-terminal loss of methionine, acetylation, internal methylation, or hydroxylation. A loss of methionine without acetylation was found for protein L8 and L17. For nine proteins (L3, L4, L5, L7A, L10, L14, L19, L31, and L40), the molecular masses could not be determined. Proteins P1 and protein L3-like were not identified by the methods applied.

23 CFR 810.212 - Use to be without charge.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Use to be without charge. 810.212 Section 810.212 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass Transit Projects...

38 CFR 12.23 - Recognition of valid claim against the General Post Fund.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... claim against the General Post Fund. 12.23 Section 12.23 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief... claim against the General Post Fund. Effective December 26, 1941, the assets of the estate of a veteran theretofore or thereafter deposited to the General Post Fund are subject to the valid claims of creditors...

38 CFR 12.23 - Recognition of valid claim against the General Post Fund.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... claim against the General Post Fund. 12.23 Section 12.23 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief... claim against the General Post Fund. Effective December 26, 1941, the assets of the estate of a veteran theretofore or thereafter deposited to the General Post Fund are subject to the valid claims of creditors...

38 CFR 12.23 - Recognition of valid claim against the General Post Fund.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... claim against the General Post Fund. 12.23 Section 12.23 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief... claim against the General Post Fund. Effective December 26, 1941, the assets of the estate of a veteran theretofore or thereafter deposited to the General Post Fund are subject to the valid claims of creditors...

38 CFR 12.23 - Recognition of valid claim against the General Post Fund.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... claim against the General Post Fund. 12.23 Section 12.23 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief... claim against the General Post Fund. Effective December 26, 1941, the assets of the estate of a veteran theretofore or thereafter deposited to the General Post Fund are subject to the valid claims of creditors...

38 CFR 12.23 - Recognition of valid claim against the General Post Fund.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... claim against the General Post Fund. 12.23 Section 12.23 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief... claim against the General Post Fund. Effective December 26, 1941, the assets of the estate of a veteran theretofore or thereafter deposited to the General Post Fund are subject to the valid claims of creditors...

Microwave spectrum of 2,6-dimethylcyclohexanone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jang, Heesu; Shim, Jae-Seol; Oh, Jung Jin

2017-07-01

The rotational spectrum of 2,6-dimethylcyclohexanone (DMCHO) was measured in the frequency region from 6 to 12 GHz. Among three possible conformational isomers, two conformers were identified where two methyl groups are aligned in the equatorial/equatorial (ee) and the equatorial/axial (ea) positions. Both b-type and c-type transitions for (e,e)-2,6-DMCHO, and a-type, b-type, and c-type transitions for (e,a)-2,6-DMCHO were assigned to determine the rotational constants and quartic centrifugal distortion constants based on the Watson-A reduction Hamiltonian: (ee) A = 2150.95789(48) MHz, B = 1578.76212(40) MHz, C = 990.19141(45) MHz, ΔJ = 0.086(11) kHz, ΔJK = -0.134(20) kHz, ΔK = 0.298(15) kHz, δJ = 23.4(24) Hz, and δK = 101.4(77) Hz; and (ea) A = 2082.62538(83) MHz, B = 1566.59564(59) MHz, C = 1113.90153(75) MHz, ΔJ = 0.066(23) kHz. In addition, dipole moment components of the two isomers were determined by Stark effect measurements: (ee) μb = 2.6673(12) D, μc = 1.0379(11) D, μtotal = 2.8621(12) D; and (ea) μa = 1.385(253) D, μb = 2.358(104) D, μc = 1.172(21) D, μtotal = 2.975(144) D. Ab initio calculations for all three isomers were compared with each other and with experimental results.

Deep imaging of high redshift QSO fields below the Lyman limit. II - Number counts and colors of field galaxies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steidel, Charles C.; Hamilton, Donald

1993-01-01

We present an analysis of the number counts and colors of faint galaxies to about 26.5 mag in the fields of two high Galactic latitude, very-high-redshift QSOs. We concentrate on the general properties of the field galaxies at faint magnitudes. In particular, we readdress the faint galaxy number counts and colors as a function of apparent magnitude and we reexamine the possible contribution of very-high-redshift galaxies to the faint samples. We find that the number counts to R = 26 are well fitted by the relation log N(m) = 0.31R + C. The G-band counts for the same galaxies are consistent with the same slope fainter than G about 23.5, but exhibit a much steeper slope at brighter magnitudes. At R = 25.5, the differential number counts have reached about 1.2 x 10 exp 5/sq deg; the same surface density of galaxies is reached at G = 26.5. We confirm the existence of a gradual 'blueing' trend of the field galaxies toward fainter apparent magnitude; however, the blueing trend appears to extend only as faint as G about 24, fainter than which both the (G-R) and (U sub n-G) colors appear to level off. The mean colors of faint galaxies are considerably redder than flat spectrum. There are essentially no objects to R = 26 which have spectral energy distributions which are bluer than flat spectrum. The potential contribution of very-high-redshift galaxies may have been underestimated in previous analyses; the current data are consistent with the same population of relatively luminous galaxies at z about 3 as exist at z about 0.7.

Body mass index as discriminator of the lean mass deficit and excess body fat in institutionalized elderly people.

PubMed

Barbosa, Maria Helena; Bolina, Alisson F; Luiz, Raíssa B; de Oliveira, Karoline F; Virtuoso, Jair S; Rodrigues, Rosalina A P; Silva, Larissa C; da Cunha, Daniel F; De Mattia, Ana Lúcia; Barichello, Elizabeth

2015-01-01

The objective of this study was to identify the discriminating criterion for body mass index (BMI) in the prediction of low fat free mass and high body fat percentage according to sex among older people. Observational analytical study with cross-sectional design was used for this study. All institutionalized older people from the city of Uberaba (Minas Gerais, Brazil) who fit within the inclusion and exclusion criteria were approached. Sixty-five institutionalized older people were evaluated after signing a Free and Informed Consent Form. Descriptive and inferential statistical procedures were employed for the analysis, using Student's t-test and multiple linear regression. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to determine the BMI (kg/m(2)) cut-off points. The study complied with all the ethical norms for research involving human beings. In comparing the anthropometric measurements obtained via bioimpedance, elder male had higher mean height and body water volume than females. However, women had higher mean triceps skinfold and fat free mass than men. The BMI cut-off points, as discriminators of low fat free mass percentage and high body fat percentage in women, were ≤22.4 kg/m(2) and >26.6 kg/m(2), respectively; while for men they were ≤19.2 kg/m(2) and >23.8 kg/m(2). The results of this study indicate the need for multicenter studies aimed at suggesting BMI cut-off points for institutionalized older people, taking into account specific sex characteristics. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Analysis of trans-2,6-difluoro-4'-(N,N-dimethylamino)stilbene (DFS) in biological samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: metabolite identification and pharmacokinetics.

PubMed

Yeo, Samuel Chao Ming; Sviripa, Vitaliy M; Huang, Meng; Kril, Liliia; Watt, David S; Liu, Chunming; Lin, Hai-Shu

2015-09-01

The metabolism of a promising antineoplastic agent, trans-2,6-difluoro-4'-(N,N-dimethylamino)stilbene (DFS), was studied in mouse, rat, and human liver microsomes using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with the multiple reaction monitoring-information-dependent acquisition-enhanced product ion scan (MRM-IDA-EPI) method. Ten putative metabolites were identified and the structures of four metabolites were confirmed using authentic standards. Since trans-2,6-difluoro-4'-(N-methylamino)stilbene (DMDFS, M1) was present in all species as metabolite and displayed in vitro growth inhibition superior to DFS, its pharmacokinetic profiles were examined in Sprague-Dawley rats using DFS as a comparator. A reliable LC-MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) method was subsequently developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of both DFS and DMDFS in rat plasma for this purpose. Upon intravenous administration (4 mg/kg), DFS had a moderate clearance (Cl = 62.7 ± 23.2 mL/min/kg), terminal elimination half-life (t 1/2 λZ  = 299 ± 73 min), and mean transit time (MTT = 123 ± 14 min) with demethylation metabolism accounting for about 10 % of its total clearance. DMDFS possessed an intravenous pharmacokinetic profile similar to DFS. During oral dosing (10 mg/kg) where both DFS and DMDFS were absorbed rapidly, the oral bioavailability of DFS was approximately 2-fold greater than that of DMDFS (DFS: F = 42.1 ± 12.8 %; DMDFS: F = 18.7 ± 3.9 %). Interestingly, the DMDFS exposure after oral dosing of DFS (10 mg/kg) was comparable to that after oral administration of DMDFS (10 mg/kg) alone. As DFS displayed potent anticancer activities and excellent pharmacokinetic profiles, it appears to be a favorable candidate for further pharmaceutical development.

46 CFR 78.47-23 - Supervised patrol stations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Supervised patrol stations. 78.47-23 Section 78.47-23... Fire and Emergency Equipment, Etc. § 78.47-23 Supervised patrol stations. (a) Each supervised patrol clock or key station shall be numbered. (b) [Reserved] ...

46 CFR 78.47-23 - Supervised patrol stations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Supervised patrol stations. 78.47-23 Section 78.47-23... Fire and Emergency Equipment, Etc. § 78.47-23 Supervised patrol stations. (a) Each supervised patrol clock or key station shall be numbered. (b) [Reserved] ...

46 CFR 78.47-23 - Supervised patrol stations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Supervised patrol stations. 78.47-23 Section 78.47-23... Fire and Emergency Equipment, Etc. § 78.47-23 Supervised patrol stations. (a) Each supervised patrol clock or key station shall be numbered. (b) [Reserved] ...

PREFACE: 26th Symposium on Plasma Science for Materials (SPSM-26)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2014-06-01

26th Symposium on Plasma Science for Materials (SPSM-26) Takayuki Watanabe The 26th Symposium on Plasma Science for Materials (SPSM-26) was held in Fukuoka, Japan on September 23-24, 2013. SPSM has been held annually since 1988 under the sponsorship of The 153rd Committee on Plasma Materials Science, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). This symposium is one of the major activities of the Committee, which is organized by researchers in academia and industry for the purpose of advancing intersectional scientific information exchange and discussion of science and technology of plasma materials processing. Plasma processing have attracted extensive attention due to their unique advantages, and it is expected to be utilized for a number of innovative industrial applications such as synthesis of high-quality and high-performance nanomaterials. The advantages of plasmas including high chemical reactivity in accordance with required chemical reactions are beneficial for innovative processing. In recent years, plasma materials processing with reactive plasmas has been extensively employed in the fields of environmental issues and biotechnology. This conference seeks to bring different scientific communities together to create a forum for discussing the latest developments and issues. The conference provides a platform for the exploration of both fundamental topics and new applications of plasmas by the contacts between science, technology, and industry. The conference was organized in plenary lectures, invited, contributed oral presentations, and poster sessions. At this meeting, we had 142 participants from 10 countries and 104 presentations, including 11 invited presentations. This year, we arranged special topical sessions that cover Plasma Medicine and Biotechnologies, Business and Academia Cooperation, Plasma with Liquids, Plasma Processes for Nanomaterials, together with Basic, Electronics, and Thermal Plasma sessions. This special issue presents 28

23. Photocopy of photograph (original print located in LBNL Photo ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

23. Photocopy of photograph (original print located in LBNL Photo Lab Collection). Photographer unknown. March 26, 1953. BEV-551. OVERALL VIEW OF ION GUN. B-51. - University of California Radiation Laboratory, Bevatron, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, Alameda County, CA

Mass attenuation coefficient of binderless, pre-treated and tannin-based Rhizophora spp. particleboards using 16.59 - 25.26 keV photon energy range

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohd Yusof, Mohd Fahmi; Hamid, Puteri Nor Khatijah Abdul; Bauk, Sabar; Hashim, Rokiah; Tajuddin, Abdul Aziz

2015-04-01

The Rhizophora spp. particleboards were fabricated using ≤ 104 µm particle size at three different fabrication methods; binderless, steam pre-treated and tannin-added. The mass attenuation coefficient of Rhizophora spp. particleboards were measured using x-ray fluorescent (XRF) photon from niobium, molybdenum, palladium, silver and tin metal plates that provided photon energy between 16.59 to 25.26 keV. The results were compared to theoretical values for water calculated using photon cross-section database (XCOM).The results showed that all Rhizophora spp. particleboards having mass attenuation coefficient close to calculated XCOM for water. Tannin-added Rizophora spp. particleboard was nearest to calculated XCOM for water with χ2 value of 13.008 followed by binderless Rizophora spp. (25.859) and pre-treated Rizophora spp. (91.941).

26Al production: The Allende meteorite (Chihuahua) stellar nucleosynthesis and solar models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Araujo-Escalona, V.; Andrade, E.; Barrón-Palos, L.; Canto, C.; Favela, F.; Huerta, A.; de Lucio, O.; Ortiz, M. E.; Solís, C.; Chávez, E.

2015-07-01

In 1969 a meteorite fell near the small town of Allende, state of Chihuahua in the north of Mexico. Its study yielded information that changed the current understanding of the solar model. In particular traces of 26Al were found. Abundances of that isotope had been seen in the universe and were related to regions of active heavy nucleosynthesis. Its presence on the solar system was unexpected. It is now understood that cosmic rays induce nuclear reactions on materials to produce 26Al, on Earth this is well known and it is the basis of many environmental studies, so it is not only the product of some high metalicity star collapse. Taking advantage of the recently reinforced laboratory infrastructure of the Instituto de Física, at UNAM in Mexico City, we proposed to measure the cross section for 26Al production via some of the most likely reactions, from the nuclear physics point of view (highest Q-values). In this paper the study of the 28Si(d,α)26 Al nuclear reaction is shown. A target is prepared by a mixture of silicon and aluminum powders. It is irradiated with a deuteron beam (≈1 µA current) at the MV CN-Van de Graaff accelerator laboratory. The number of projectiles is deduced by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS). The produced 26Al nuclei are then counted at the Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Laboratory.

26 CFR 31.3306(b)-1 - Wages.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Wages. 31.3306(b)-1 Section 31.3306(b)-1... Unemployment Tax Act (Chapter 23, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.3306(b)-1 Wages. (a) Applicable law and... after 1938 constitutes wages is determined under section 3306(b). Accordingly, only remuneration paid...

A study on the relationship between mass concentrations, chemistry and number size distribution of urban fine aerosols in Milan, Barcelona and London

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodríguez, S.; van Dingenen, R.; Putaud, J.-P.; Dell'Acqua, A.; Pey, J.; Querol, X.; Alastuey, A.; Chenery, S.; Ho, K.-F.; Harrison, R. M.; Tardivo, R.; Scarnato, B.; Gianelle, V.

2007-01-01

A physicochemical characterization of the urban fine aerosol (aerosol number size distribution, chemical composition and mass concentrations) in Milan, Barcelona and London is presented in this article. The objective is to obtain a comprehensive picture on the involvement of the microphysical processes of the aerosol dynamic in the: 1) regular evolution of the urban aerosol (daily, weekly and seasonal basis) and in the day-to-day variations (from clean-air to pollution-events), and 2) link between "aerosol chemistry and mass concentrations" with the "number size distribution". The mass concentrations of the fine PM2.5 aerosol exhibit a high correlation with the number concentration of particles >100 nm (which only accounts for <20% of the total number concentration N of fine aerosols) and do not correlate with the number of particles <100 nm ("ultrafine particles", which accounts for >80% of fine particles). Organic matter (OM) and black-carbon (BC) are the only aerosol components showing a significant correlation with ultrafine particles (attributed to vehicles emissions), whereas ammonium-nitrate, ammonium-sulphate and also OM and BC correlate with N>100(nm) (attributed to gas-to-particle transformation mechanisms and some primary emissions). Time series of the aerosol DpN diameter (dN/dlogD mode), mass PM2.5 concentrations and number N>100(nm) concentrations, exhibit correlated day-to-day variations which point to a significant involvement of condensation of semi-volatile compounds during urban pollution events. This agrees with the fact that ammonium-nitrate is the component exhibiting the highest increases from mid-to-high pollution episodes, when the highest DpN increases are observed. The results indicates that "fine PM2.5 particles urban pollution events" tend to occur when condensation processes have made particles grow enough to produce significant concentrations of N>100(nm). In contrast, because the low contribution of ultrafine particles to the fine

Quantitative (23) Na MRI of human knee cartilage using dual-tuned (1) H/(23) Na transceiver array radiofrequency coil at 7 tesla.

PubMed

Moon, Chan Hong; Kim, Jung-Hwan; Zhao, Tiejun; Bae, Kyongtae Ty

2013-11-01

To develop quantitative dual-tuned (DT) (1) H/(23) Na MRI of human knee cartilage in vivo at 7 Tesla (T). A sensitive (23) Na transceiver array RF coil was developed at 7T. B1 fields generated by the transceiver array coil were characterized and corrected in the (23) Na images. Point spread function (PSF) of the (23) Na images was measured, and the signal decrease due to partial-volume-effect was compensated in [(23) Na] quantification of knee cartilage. SNR and [(23) Na] in anterior femoral cartilage were measured from seven healthy subjects. SNR of (23) Na image with the transceiver array coil was higher than that of birdcage coil. SNR in the cartilage at 2-mm isotropic resolution was 26.80 ± 3.69 (n = 7). B1 transmission and reception fields produced by the DT coil at 7T were similar to each other. Effective full-width-half-maximum of (23) Na image was ∼5 mm at 2-mm resolution. Mean [(23) Na] was 288.13 ± 29.50 mM (n = 7) in the anterior femoral cartilage of normal subjects. We developed a new high-sensitivity (23) Na RF coil for knee MRI at 7T. Our (1) H/(23) Na MRI allowed quantitative measurement of [(23) Na] in knee cartilage by measuring PSF and cartilage thickness from (23) Na and (1) H image, respectively. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Low-mass stars in globular clusters. III. The mass function of 47 Tucanae.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Marchi, G.; Paresce, F.

1995-12-01

We have used the WFPC2 on board HST to investigate the stellar population in a field located 4'6 E of the center of the globular cluster 47 Tuc (NGC 104), close to the half-mass radius, through wide band imaging at 606 and 812nm. A total of ~3000 stars are accurately classified by two-color photometry to form a color-magnitude diagram extending down to a limiting magnitude m_814_=~m_I_=~24. A rich cluster main sequence is detected spanning the range from m_814_=~18 through m_814_=~23, where it spreads considerably due to the increasing photometric uncertainty and galaxy contamination. A secondary sequence of objects is also detected, parallel to the main sequence, as expected for a population of binary stars. The measured binary fraction in the range 195%. The main sequence luminosity function obtained from the observed CMD increases with decreasing luminosity following a power-law trend with index α=~0.15 in the range 5mass-luminosity relation for this metallicity, the resultant mass function shows a power-law increase in numbers for decreasing masses in the range 0.8-0.3Msun_ with a slope α=~1.5, but then flattens out in the 0.3-0.15Msun_ range. The comparison of the mass function of 47 Tuc with that of NGC 6397 (Paper I) and of M 15 (Paper II), previously investigated with the same instrumentation, suggests that the stellar population near the half-mass radius of these clusters should not be very sensitive to either internal or externally-driven dynamical processes. The difference between their mass functions could then be attributed to metallicity, reflecting an intrinsic difference in their initial mass functions, unless mass-segregation is stronger in 47 Tuc than in the other two clusters. This latter circumstance could be due, for instance, to the large number

Changing Survival Rate of Infants Born Before 26 Gestational Weeks

PubMed Central

Rahman, Asad; Abdellatif, Mohamed; Sharef, Sharef W.; Fazalullah, Muhammad; Al-Senaidi, Khalfan; Khan, Ashfaq A.; Ahmad, Masood; Kripail, Mathew; Abuanza, Mazen; Bataclan, Flordeliza

2015-01-01

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the changing survival rate and morbidities among infants born before 26 gestational weeks at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in Muscat, Oman. Methods: This retrospective study assessed the mortality and morbidities of all premature infants born alive at 23–26 gestational weeks at SQUH between June 2006 and May 2013. Infants referred to SQUH within 72 hours of birth during this period were also included. Electronic records were reviewed for gestational age, gender, birth weight, maternal age, mode and place of delivery, antenatal steroid administration, morbidity and outcome. The survival rate was calculated and findings were then compared with those of a previous study conducted in the same hospital from 1991 to 1998. Rates of major morbidities were also calculated. Results: A total of 81 infants between 23–26 gestational weeks were admitted to the neonatal unit during the study period. Of these, 58.0% were male and 42.0% were female. Median gestational age was 25 weeks and mean birth weight was 770 ± 150 g. Of the 81 infants, 49 survived. The overall survival rate was 60.5% compared to 41% reported in the previous study. Respiratory distress syndrome (100.0%), retinopathy of prematurity (51.9%), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (34.6%), intraventricular haemorrhage (30.9%) and patent ductus arteriosus (28.4%) were the most common morbidities. Conclusion: The overall survival rate of infants between 23–26 gestational weeks during the study period had significantly improved in comparison to that found at the same hospital from 1991 to 1998. There is a need for the long-term neurodevelopmental follow-up of premature infants. PMID:26357555

14 CFR 23.1443 - Minimum mass flow of supplemental oxygen.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., minus 47 mm. Hg, which is the tracheal pressure displaced by water vapor pressure when the breathed air becomes saturated with water vapor at 37 °C). (2) STPD means Standard, Temperature, and Pressure, Dry (which is, 0 °C at 760 mm. Hg with no water vapor). [Doc. No. 26344, 58 FR 18978, Apr. 9, 1993] § 23.1443...

Constraining the astrophysical 23Mg(p, γ)24Al reaction rate using the 23Na(d,p)24Na reaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bennett, E. A.; Catford, W. N.; Christian, G.; Dede, S.; Hallam, S.; Lotay, G.; Ota, S.; Saastamoinen, A.; Wilkinson, R.

2017-09-01

The 23Mg(p, γ)24Al reaction provides an escape from the Ne-Na cycle in classical novae and is therefore important in understanding nova nucleosynthesis in the A > 20 mass range. Although several resonances may contribute to the overall rate at novae temperatures, the resonance at 475 keV is thought to be dominant. The strength of this resonance has been directly measured using a radioactive 23Mg beam impinging on a windowless H2 gas target; however, recent high-precision 24Al mass measurements have called this result into question. Here we make an indirect measurement using the 23Na(d,p)24Na reaction in inverse kinematics to study the mirror state of the 475 keV resonance in 24Na. The experiment, performed at the Texas A&M Cyclotron Institute, utilized the TIARA silicon array, four HPGe detectors, and the MDM spectrometer to measure the excited states of the 24Na nucleus. Preliminary results from the experiment will be presented along with progress from the ongoing analysis.

23 CFR 810.6 - Prerequisites for projects authorized by 23 U.S.C. 137, 142, or 149.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., 142, or 149. 810.6 Section 810.6 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS General § 810.6 Prerequisites for... continuing comprehensive transportation planning process, carried on in accordance with 23 U.S.C. 134 as...

23 CFR 810.208 - Action by the Federal Highway Administrator.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Action by the Federal Highway Administrator. 810.208 Section 810.208 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass...

23 CFR 810.208 - Action by the Federal Highway Administrator.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Action by the Federal Highway Administrator. 810.208 Section 810.208 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass...

23 CFR 810.208 - Action by the Federal Highway Administrator.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Action by the Federal Highway Administrator. 810.208 Section 810.208 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass...

Measurement uncertainty of ester number, acid number and patchouli alcohol of patchouli oil produced in Yogyakarta

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Istiningrum, Reni Banowati; Saepuloh, Azis; Jannah, Wirdatul; Aji, Didit Waskito

2017-03-01

Yogyakarta is one of patchouli oil distillation center in Indonesia. The quality of patchouli oil greatly affect its market price. Therefore, testing quality of patchouli oil parameters is an important concern, one through determination of the measurement uncertainty. This study will determine the measurement uncertainty of ester number, acid number and content of patchouli alcohol through a bottom up approach. Source contributor to measurement uncertainty of ester number is a mass of the sample, a blank and sample titration volume, the molar mass of KOH, HCl normality, and replication. While the source contributor of the measurement uncertainty of acid number is the mass of the sample, the sample titration volume, the relative mass and normality of KOH, and repetition. Determination of patchouli alcohol by Gas Chromatography considers the sources of measurement uncertainty only from repeatability because reference materials are not available.

26 CFR 1.72-9 - Tables.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 48.6 48.1 33 38 55.1 54.5 53.8 53.2 52.5 51.9 51.3 50.7 50.2 49.6 49.1 48.6 48.1 47.6 34 39 54.9 54.2... 12 17 59.5 13 18 58.6 14 19 57.7 15 20 56.7 16 21 55.8 17 22 54.9 18 23 53.9 19 24 53.0 20 25 52.1 21... 49 54 26.3 50 55 25.5 51 56 24.7 52 57 24.0 53 58 23.2 54 59 22.4 55 60 21.7 56 61 21.0 57 62 20.3 58...

26 CFR 1.72-9 - Tables.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 48.6 48.1 33 38 55.1 54.5 53.8 53.2 52.5 51.9 51.3 50.7 50.2 49.6 49.1 48.6 48.1 47.6 34 39 54.9 54.2... 12 17 59.5 13 18 58.6 14 19 57.7 15 20 56.7 16 21 55.8 17 22 54.9 18 23 53.9 19 24 53.0 20 25 52.1 21... 49 54 26.3 50 55 25.5 51 56 24.7 52 57 24.0 53 58 23.2 54 59 22.4 55 60 21.7 56 61 21.0 57 62 20.3 58...

26 CFR 1.72-9 - Tables.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 48.6 48.1 33 38 55.1 54.5 53.8 53.2 52.5 51.9 51.3 50.7 50.2 49.6 49.1 48.6 48.1 47.6 34 39 54.9 54.2... 12 17 59.5 13 18 58.6 14 19 57.7 15 20 56.7 16 21 55.8 17 22 54.9 18 23 53.9 19 24 53.0 20 25 52.1 21... 49 54 26.3 50 55 25.5 51 56 24.7 52 57 24.0 53 58 23.2 54 59 22.4 55 60 21.7 56 61 21.0 57 62 20.3 58...

26 CFR 1.72-9 - Tables.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 48.6 48.1 33 38 55.1 54.5 53.8 53.2 52.5 51.9 51.3 50.7 50.2 49.6 49.1 48.6 48.1 47.6 34 39 54.9 54.2... 12 17 59.5 13 18 58.6 14 19 57.7 15 20 56.7 16 21 55.8 17 22 54.9 18 23 53.9 19 24 53.0 20 25 52.1 21... 49 54 26.3 50 55 25.5 51 56 24.7 52 57 24.0 53 58 23.2 54 59 22.4 55 60 21.7 56 61 21.0 57 62 20.3 58...

26 CFR 1.72-9 - Tables.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 48.6 48.1 33 38 55.1 54.5 53.8 53.2 52.5 51.9 51.3 50.7 50.2 49.6 49.1 48.6 48.1 47.6 34 39 54.9 54.2... 12 17 59.5 13 18 58.6 14 19 57.7 15 20 56.7 16 21 55.8 17 22 54.9 18 23 53.9 19 24 53.0 20 25 52.1 21... 49 54 26.3 50 55 25.5 51 56 24.7 52 57 24.0 53 58 23.2 54 59 22.4 55 60 21.7 56 61 21.0 57 62 20.3 58...

Baryon asymmetry via leptogenesis in a neutrino mass model with complex scaling

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Samanta, Rome; Ghosal, Ambar; Chakraborty, Mainak

Baryogenesis via leptogenesis is investigated in a specific model of light neutrino masses and mixing angles. The latter was proposed on the basis of an assumed complex-extended scaling property of the neutrino Majorana mass matrix M {sub ν}, derived with a type-1 seesaw from a Dirac mass matrix m {sub D} and a heavy singlet neutrino Majorana mass matrix M {sub R} . One of its important features, highlighted here, is that there is a common source of the origin of a nonzero θ{sub 13} and the CP violating lepton asymmetry through the imaginary part of m {sub D} .more » The model predicted CP violation to be maximal for the Dirac type and vanishing for the Majorana type. We assume strongly hierarchical mass eigenvalues for M {sub R} . The leptonic CP asymmetry parameter ε{sup α}{sub 1} mm with lepton flavor α, originating from the decays of the lightest of the heavy neutrinos N {sub 1} (of mass M {sub 1}) at a temperature T ∼ M {sub 1}, is what matters here with the lepton asymmetries, originating from the decays of N {sub 2,3}, being washed out. The light leptonic and heavy neutrino number densities (normalized to the entropy density) are evolved via Boltzmann equations down to electroweak temperatures to yield a baryon asymmetry through sphaleronic transitions. The effects of flavored vs. unflavored leptogenesis in the three mass regimes (1) M {sub 1} < 10{sup 9} GeV, (2) 10{sup 9} GeV < M {sub 1} < 10{sup 12} GeV and (3) M {sub 1} > 10{sup 12} GeV are numerically worked out for both a normal and an inverted mass ordering of the light neutrinos. Corresponding results on the baryon asymmetry of the universe are obtained, displayed and discussed. For values close to the best-fit points of the input neutrino mass and mixing parameters, obtained from neutrino oscillation experiments, successful baryogenesis is achieved for the mass regime (2) and a normal mass ordering of the light neutrinos with a nonzero θ{sub 13} playing a crucial role. However, the other

Effective Majorana mass matrix from tau and pseudoscalar meson lepton number violating decays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abada, Asmaa; De Romeri, Valentina; Lucente, Michele; Teixeira, Ana M.; Toma, Takashi

2018-02-01

An observation of any lepton number violating process will undoubtedly point towards the existence of new physics and indirectly to the clear Majorana nature of the exchanged fermion. In this work, we explore the potential of a minimal extension of the Standard Model via heavy sterile fermions with masses in the [0.1 - 10] GeV range concerning an extensive array of "neutrinoless" meson and tau decay processes. We assume that the Majorana neutrinos are produced on-shell, and focus on three-body decays. We conduct an update on the bounds on the active-sterile mixing elements, |{U}_{ℓ }{{}{_{α}}}_4{U}_{ℓ }{{}{_{β}}}_4| , taking into account the most recent experimental bounds (and constraints) and new theoretical inputs, as well as the effects of a finite detector, imposing that the heavy neutrino decay within the detector. This allows to establish up-to-date comprehensive constraints on the sterile fermion parameter space. Our results suggest that the branching fractions of several decays are close to current sensitivities (likely within reach of future facilities), some being already in conflict with current data (as is the case of K + → ℓ α + ℓ β + π -, and τ - → μ +π-π-). We use these processes to extract constraints on all entries of an enlarged definition of a 3 × 3 "effective" Majorana neutrino mass matrix m ν αβ .

Sensitization to 26 fragrances to be labelled according to current European regulation. Results of the IVDK and review of the literature.

PubMed

Schnuch, Axel; Uter, Wolfgang; Geier, Johannes; Lessmann, Holger; Frosch, Peter J

2007-07-01

To study the frequency of sensitization to 26 fragrances to be labelled according to current European regulation. During 4 periods of 6 months, from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2004, 26 fragrances were patch tested additionally to the standard series in a total of 21 325 patients; the number of patients tested with each of the fragrances ranged from 1658 to 4238. Hydroxymethylpentylcyclohexene carboxaldehyde (HMPCC) was tested throughout all periods. The following frequencies of sensitization (rates in %, standardized for sex and age) were observed: tree moss (2.4%), HMPCC (2.3), oak moss (2.0), hydroxycitronellal (1.3), isoeugenol (1.1), cinnamic aldehyde (1.0), farnesol (0.9), cinnamic alcohol (0.6), citral (0.6), citronellol (0.5), geraniol (0.4), eugenol (0.4), coumarin (0.4), lilial (0.3), amyl-cinnamic alcohol (0.3), benzyl cinnamate (0.3), benzyl alcohol (0.3), linalool (0.2), methylheptin carbonate (0.2), amyl-cinnamic aldehyde (0.1), hexyl-cinnamic aldehyde (0.1), limonene (0.1), benzyl salicylate (0.1), gamma-methylionon (0.1), benzyl benzoate (0.0), anisyl alcohol (0.0). 1) Substances with higher sensitization frequencies were characterized by a considerable number of '++/+++' reactions. 2) Substances with low sensitization frequencies were characterized by a high number of doubtful/irritant and a low number of stronger (++/+++) reactions. 3) There are obviously fragrances among the 26 which are, with regard to contact allergy, of great, others of minor, and some of no importance at all.

32 CFR 199.26 - TRICARE Young Adult.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... for medical coverage under a TRICARE program at age 21 (23 if enrolled in a full-time course of study at an institution of higher learning approved by the Secretary of Defense) and are under age 26. (1... age requirements of § 199.3 of this part, provided that TRICARE Prime is available in the geographic...

26. GROUND VIEW OF PIER, LOOKING SOUTHEAST, SHOWING (LEFTRIGHT) BENTS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

26. GROUND VIEW OF PIER, LOOKING SOUTHEAST, SHOWING (LEFT-RIGHT) BENTS 18-23 NEPTUNE'S LOCKER (RIGHT), WITH CAPTAIN'S GALLEY BEHIND - Huntington Beach Municipal Pier, Pacific Coast Highway at Main Street, Huntington Beach, Orange County, CA

All for one but not one for all: how multiple number representations are recruited in one numerical task.

PubMed

Wood, Guilherme; Nuerk, Hans-Christoph; Moeller, Korbinian; Geppert, Barbara; Schnitker, Ralph; Weber, Jochen; Willmes, Klaus

2008-01-02

Number processing recruits a complex network of multiple numerical representations. Usually the components of this network are examined in a between-task approach with the disadvantage of relying upon different instructions, tasks, and inhomogeneous stimulus sets across different studies. A within-task approach may avoid these disadvantages and access involved numerical representations more specifically. In the present study we employed a within-task approach to investigate numerical representations activated in the number bisection task (NBT) using parametric rapid event-related fMRI. Participants were to judge whether the central number of a triplet was also its arithmetic mean (e.g. 23_26_29) or not (e.g. 23_25_29). Activation in the left inferior parietal cortex was associated with the deployment of arithmetic fact knowledge, while activation of the intraparietal cortex indicated more intense magnitude processing, instrumental aspects of calculation and integration of the base-10 structure of two-digit numbers. These results replicate evidence from the literature. Furthermore, activation in the dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex revealed mechanisms of feature monitoring and inhibition as well as allocation of cognitive resources recruited to solve a specific triplet. We conclude that the network of numerical representations should rather be studied in a within-task approach than in varying between-task approaches.

Neutrino mass model with S3 symmetry and seesaw interplay

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pramanick, Soumita; Raychaudhuri, Amitava

2016-12-01

We develop a seesaw model for neutrino masses and mixing with an S3×Z3 symmetry. It involves an interplay of type-I and type-II seesaw contributions of which the former is subdominant. The S3×Z3 quantum numbers of the fermion and scalar fields are chosen such that the type-II seesaw generates a mass matrix which incorporates the atmospheric mass splitting and sets θ23=π /4 . The solar splitting and θ13 are absent, while the third mixing angle can achieve any value, θ120. Specific choices of θ120 are of interest, e.g., 35.3° (tribimaximal), 45.0° (bimaximal), 31.7° (golden ratio), and 0° (no solar mixing). The role of the type-I seesaw is to nudge all the above into the range indicated by the data. The model results in novel interrelationships between these quantities due to their common origin, making it readily falsifiable. For example, normal (inverted) ordering is associated with θ23 in the first (second) octant. C P violation is controlled by phases in the right-handed neutrino Majorana mass matrix, Mν R . In their absence, only normal ordering is admissible. When Mν R is complex, the Dirac C P phase, δ , can be large, i.e., ˜±π /2 , and inverted ordering is also allowed. The preliminary results from T2K and NOVA which favor normal ordering and δ ˜-π /2 are indicative, in this model, of a lightest neutrino mass of 0.05 eV or more.

27 CFR 26.263 - Determination of tax on beer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... beer. 26.263 Section 26.263 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE... Procedure at Port of Entry From the Virgin Islands § 26.263 Determination of tax on beer. If the certificate prescribed in § 26.205 covers beer, the beer tax will be collected on the basis of the number of barrels of...

27 CFR 26.263 - Determination of tax on beer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... beer. 26.263 Section 26.263 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE... Procedure at Port of Entry From the Virgin Islands § 26.263 Determination of tax on beer. If the certificate prescribed in § 26.205 covers beer, the beer tax will be collected on the basis of the number of barrels of...

27 CFR 26.263 - Determination of tax on beer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... beer. 26.263 Section 26.263 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE... Procedure at Port of Entry From the Virgin Islands § 26.263 Determination of tax on beer. If the certificate prescribed in § 26.205 covers beer, the beer tax will be collected on the basis of the number of barrels of...

27 CFR 26.263 - Determination of tax on beer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... beer. 26.263 Section 26.263 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE... Procedure at Port of Entry From the Virgin Islands § 26.263 Determination of tax on beer. If the certificate prescribed in § 26.205 covers beer, the beer tax will be collected on the basis of the number of barrels of...

27 CFR 26.263 - Determination of tax on beer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... beer. 26.263 Section 26.263 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE... Procedure at Port of Entry From the Virgin Islands § 26.263 Determination of tax on beer. If the certificate prescribed in § 26.205 covers beer, the beer tax will be collected on the basis of the number of barrels of...

Chromosome 3p12.3-p14.2 and 3q26.2-q26.32 are genomic markers for prognosis of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

PubMed

Sheu, Jim Jinn-Chyuan; Lee, Chia-Huei; Ko, Jenq-Yuh; Tsao, George S W; Wu, Chung-Chun; Fang, Chih-Yeu; Tsai, Fuu-Jen; Hua, Chun-Hung; Chen, Chi-Long; Chen, Jen-Yang

2009-10-01

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an epithelial malignancy with a remarkable racial and geographic distribution. Previous cytogenetic studies have shown nasopharyngeal carcinoma to be characterized by gross genomic aberrations. However, identification of susceptible gene loci in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been poorly discussed. A genome-wide survey of gene copy number changes was initiated with two nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines by array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis. These alterations were confirmed by a parallel analysis with the data from the gene expression microarray and were validated by quantitative PCR. Clinical association of the defined target genes was analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization on 48 metastatic tumors. A high percentage of genes were consistently altered in dosage and expression levels with gain on 3q26.2-q26.32 and losses on 3p12.3-p14.2 and 9p21.3-p23. Six candidate genes, GPR160 (3q26.2-q27), SKIL (3q26), ADAMTS9 (3p14.2-p14.3), LRIG1 (3p14), MPDZ (9p22-p24), and ADFP (9p22.1) were validated by quantitative PCR. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies revealed amplification of GPR160 (in 25% of cases) and SKIL (33%); and deletion of ADAMTS9 (30%), LRIG1 (35%), MPDZ (15%), and ADFP (15%). Clinical association analyses indicated a poor survival rate with genetic alterations at the defined 3p deletion (P = 0.0012) and the 3q amplification regions (P = 0.0114). The combined microarray technologies suggested novel candidate oncogenes, amplification of GPR160 and SKIL at 3q26.2-q26.32, and deletion of tumor suppressor genes ADAMTS9 and LRIG1 at 3p12.3-p14.2. Altered expression of these genes may be responsible for malignant progression and could be used as potential markers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

The role of total body fat mass and trunk fat mass, combined with other endocrine factors, in menstrual recovery and psychopathology of adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa.

PubMed

Karountzos, Vasileios; Lambrinoudaki, Irene; Tsitsika, Artemis; Deligeoroglou, Efthimios

2017-10-01

To determine the threshold of total body and trunk fat mass required for menstrual recovery and to assess the impact of body composition in psychopathology of adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa (AN). Prospective study of 60 adolescents presented with secondary amenorrhea and diagnosed with AN. Anthropometrics, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, hormonal studies and responses to mental health screens (EAT-26), were obtained at the beginning and at complete weight restoration, in all adolescents, independently of menstrual recovery (Group A) or not (Group B). At weight restoration, Group A total body fat mass, trunk fat mass, and trunk/extremities fat ratio were significantly higher (p < .001) than Group B. Menstruation was expected in 20% of total body fat mass and 20% of trunk fat mass (% of total trunk tissue). At time of menstrual recovery, total body fat mass (%) and trunk fat mass (%) were significantly negatively correlated with EAT-26 (r = -0.363, p = .032) and (r = -0.416, p = .013), respectively, while an increase of 0.40% of trunk fat mass (%) lowers EAT-26 by one unit. Trunk fat mass distribution can positively influence psychopathology of adolescents with AN.

Calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions with fractionation and unidentified nuclear effects (FUN CAIs): II. Heterogeneities of magnesium isotopes and 26Al in the early Solar System inferred from in situ high-precision magnesium-isotope measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Changkun; Nagashima, Kazuhide; Krot, Alexander N.; Huss, Gary R.; Davis, Andrew M.; Bizzarro, Martin

2017-03-01

Calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions with isotopic mass fractionation effects and unidentified nuclear isotopic anomalies (FUN CAIs) have been studied for more than 40 years, but their origins remain enigmatic. Here we report in situ high precision measurements of aluminum-magnesium isotope systematics of FUN CAIs by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Individual minerals were analyzed in six FUN CAIs from the oxidized CV3 carbonaceous chondrites Axtell (compact Type A CAI Axtell 2271) and Allende (Type B CAIs C1 and EK1-4-1, and forsterite-bearing Type B CAIs BG82DH8, CG-14, and TE). Most of these CAIs show evidence for excess 26Mg due to the decay of 26Al. The inferred initial 26Al/27Al ratios [(26Al/27Al)0] and the initial magnesium isotopic compositions (δ26Mg0) calculated using an exponential law with an exponent β of 0.5128 are (3.1 ± 1.6) × 10-6 and 0.60 ± 0.10‰ (Axtell 2271), (3.7 ± 1.5) × 10-6 and -0.20 ± 0.05‰ (BG82DH8), (2.2 ± 1.1) × 10-6 and -0.18 ± 0.05‰ (C1), (2.3 ± 2.4) × 10-5 and -2.23 ± 0.37‰ (EK1-4-1), (1.5 ± 1.1) × 10-5 and -0.42 ± 0.08‰ (CG-14), and (5.3 ± 0.9) × 10-5 and -0.05 ± 0.08‰ (TE) with 2σ uncertainties. We infer that FUN CAIs recorded heterogeneities of magnesium isotopes and 26Al in the CAI-forming region(s). Comparison of 26Al-26Mg systematics, stable isotope (oxygen, magnesium, calcium, and titanium) and trace element studies of FUN and non-FUN igneous CAIs indicates that there is a continuum among these CAI types. Based on these observations and evaporation experiments on CAI-like melts, we propose a generic scenario for the origin of igneous (FUN and non-FUN) CAIs: (i) condensation of isotopically normal solids in an 16O-rich gas of approximately solar composition; (ii) formation of CAI precursors by aggregation of these solids together with variable abundances of isotopically anomalous grains-possible carriers of unidentified nuclear (UN) effects; and (iii) melt evaporation of these precursors

Energy and Mass-Number Dependence of Hadron-Nucleus Total Reaction Cross Sections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kohama, Akihisa; Iida, Kei; Oyamatsu, Kazuhiro

2016-09-01

We thoroughly investigate how proton-nucleus total reaction cross sections depend on the target mass number A and the proton incident energy. In doing so, we systematically analyze nuclear reaction data that are sensitive to nuclear size, namely, proton-nucleus total reaction cross sections and differential elastic cross sections, using a phenomenological black-sphere approximation of nuclei that we are developing. In this framework, the radius of the black sphere is found to be a useful length scale that simultaneously accounts for the observed proton-nucleus total reaction cross section and first diffraction peak in the proton elastic differential cross section. This framework, which is shown here to be applicable to antiprotons, is expected to be applicable to any kind of projectile that is strongly attenuated in the nucleus. On the basis of a cross-section formula constructed within this framework, we find that a less familiar A1/6 dependence plays a crucial role in describing the energy dependence of proton-nucleus total reaction cross sections.

23. Photographic copy of photograph. (Source: U.S. Department of interior. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

23. Photographic copy of photograph. (Source: U.S. Department of interior. Office of Indian Affairs. Indian Irrigation Service. Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1926. Vol. I, Narrative and Photographs, RG 75, Entry 655, Box 29, National Archives, Washington, DC.) Photographer unknown, SACATON DAM, NORTH SIDE SIPHON AND INTAKE GATES, 2/23/26 - San Carlos Irrigation Project, Sacaton Dam & Bridge, Gila River, T4S R6E S12/13, Coolidge, Pinal County, AZ

Water temperature, body mass and fasting heat production of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus).

PubMed

Aguilar, Fredy A A; Cruz, Thaline M P DA; Mourão, Gerson B; Cyrino, José Eurico P

2017-01-01

Knowledge on fasting heat production (HEf) of fish is key to develop bioenergetics models thus improving feeding management of farmed species. The core of knowledge on HEf of farmed, neotropical fish is scarce. This study assessed the effect of body mass and water temperature on standard metabolism and fasting heat production of pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, an omnivore, Neotropical fresh water characin important for farming and fisheries industries all through South American continent. An automated, intermittent flow respirometry system was used to measure standard metabolic rate (SMR) of pacu (17 - 1,050 g) at five water temperatures: 19, 23, 26, 29 and 33 °C. Mass specific SMR increased with increasing water temperature but decreased as function of body mass. The allometric exponent for scaling HEf was 0.788, and lied in the range recorded for all studied warm-water fish. The recorded van't Hoff factor (Q10) for pacu (2.06) shows the species low response to temperature increases. The model HEf = 0.04643×W0.7882×T1.837 allows to predict HEf (kJ d-1) from body mass (W, kg) and water temperature (T, °C), and can be used in bioenergetical models for the species.

23 CFR 810.206 - Review by the State Highway Agency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Review by the State Highway Agency. 810.206 Section 810.206 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass Transit Projects...

23 CFR 810.206 - Review by the State Highway Agency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Review by the State Highway Agency. 810.206 Section 810.206 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass Transit Projects...

23 CFR 810.206 - Review by the State Highway Agency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Review by the State Highway Agency. 810.206 Section 810.206 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass Transit Projects...

23 CFR 810.206 - Review by the State Highway Agency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Review by the State Highway Agency. 810.206 Section 810.206 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MASS TRANSIT AND SPECIAL USE HIGHWAY PROJECTS Making Highway Rights-of-Way Available for Mass Transit Projects...

Analysis of the specificity of sialyltransferases toward mucin core 2, globo, and related structures. identification of the sialylation sequence and the effects of sulfate, fucose, methyl, and fluoro substituents of the carbohydrate chain in the biosynthesis of selectin and siglec ligands, and novel sialylation by cloned alpha2,3(O)sialyltransferase.

PubMed

Chandrasekaran, E V; Xue, Jun; Xia, Jie; Chawda, Ram; Piskorz, Conrad; Locke, Robert D; Neelamegham, Sriram; Matta, Khushi L

2005-11-29

Sialic acids are key determinants in many carbohydrates involved in biological recognition. We studied the acceptor specificities of three cloned sialyltransferases (STs) [alpha2,3(N)ST, alpha2,3(O)ST, and alpha2,6(N)ST] and another alpha2,3(O)ST present in prostate cancer cell LNCaP toward mucin core 2 tetrasaccharide [Galbeta1,4GlcNAcbeta1,6(Galbeta1,3)GalNAcalpha-O-Bn] and Globo [Galbeta1,3GalNAcbeta1,3Galalpha-O-Me] structures containing sialyl, fucosyl, sulfo, methyl, or fluoro substituents by identifying the products by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectral analysis and other biochemical methods. The Globo precursor was an efficient acceptor for both alpha2,3(N)ST and alpha2,3(O)ST, whereas only alpha2,3(O)ST used its deoxy analogue (d-Fucbeta1,3GalNAcbeta1,3-Gal-alpha-O-Me); 2-O-MeGalbeta1,3GlcNAc and 4-OMeGalbeta1,4GlcNAc were specific acceptors for alpha2,3(N)ST. Other major findings of this study include: (i) alpha2,3 sialylation of beta1,3Gal in mucin core 2 can proceed even after alpha1,3 fucosylation of beta1,6-linked LacNAc. (ii) Sialylation of beta1,3Gal must precede the sialylation of beta1,4Gal for favorable biosynthesis of mucin core 2 compounds. (iii) alpha2,3 sialylation of the 6-O-sulfoLacNAc moiety in mucin core 2 (e.g., GlyCAM-1) is facilitated when beta1,3Gal has already been alpha2,3 sialylated. (iv) alpha2,6(N)ST was absolutely specific for the beta1,4Gal in mucin core 2. Either alpha1,3 fucosylation or 6-O-sulfation of the GlcNAc moiety reduced the activity. Sialylation of beta1,3Gal in addition to 6-O-sulfation of GlcNAc moiety abolished the activity. (v) Prior alpha2,3 sialylation or 3-O-sulfation of beta1,3Gal would not affect alpha2,6 sialylation of Galbeta1,4GlcNAc of mucin core 2. (vi) A 3- or 4-fluoro substituent in beta1,4Gal resulted in poor acceptors for the cloned alpha2,6(N)ST and alpha2,3(N)ST, whereas 4-fluoro- or 4-OMe-Galbeta1,3GalNAcalpha was a good acceptor for cloned alpha2,3(O)ST. (vii) 4-O-Methylation of beta1

26 CFR 31.3306(k)-1 - Agricultural labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Agricultural labor. 31.3306(k)-1 Section 31.3306(k)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) EMPLOYMENT... Federal Unemployment Tax Act (Chapter 23, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.3306(k)-1 Agricultural labor...

26 CFR 31.3306(k)-1 - Agricultural labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Agricultural labor. 31.3306(k)-1 Section 31.3306(k)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) EMPLOYMENT... Federal Unemployment Tax Act (Chapter 23, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.3306(k)-1 Agricultural labor...

26 CFR 31.3306(k)-1 - Agricultural labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Agricultural labor. 31.3306(k)-1 Section 31.3306(k)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) EMPLOYMENT... Federal Unemployment Tax Act (Chapter 23, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.3306(k)-1 Agricultural labor...

26 CFR 31.3306(k)-1 - Agricultural labor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 15 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Agricultural labor. 31.3306(k)-1 Section 31.3306(k)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) EMPLOYMENT... Federal Unemployment Tax Act (Chapter 23, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.3306(k)-1 Agricultural labor...

Validation of mega composite sampling and nationwide mass inventories for 26 previously unmonitored contaminants in archived biosolids from the U.S National Biosolids Repository

PubMed Central

Chari, Bipin P.; Halden, Rolf U.

2012-01-01

In the present study, archived U.S biosolids from the 2001 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Sewage Sludge Survey were analyzed with an expanded U.S EPA Method 1694, to determine the occurrence of 26 previously unmonitored pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) among a total of 120 analytes. The study further served to examine the reproducibility of a mega-composite approach for creating chemical mass inventories in biosolids based on pooled samples from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) nationwide. Five mega-composites reflecting 94 WWTPs in 32 states and the District of Columbia were constructed from archived biosolids and analyzed by LC/ESI-MS/MS using a newly introduced analytical method expanding upon U.S EPA Method 1694. In addition, soil-biosolids mixtures from a mesocosm setup were analyzed to experimentally determine the half-lives of biosolids-borne compounds applied on U.S land. Among 59 analytes detected, 33 had been reported previously, whereas 26 are reported in biosolids for the first time, at levels ranging from 1.65 to 673 μg kg−1 dry weight. Newly recognized biosolids constituents were identified as Ca2+ channel blockers, antidepressants, diuretics, β-blockers and analgesics. Using a mass balance approach, the total loading of these 26 pharmaceuticals to U.S soils from biosolids land application was estimated at 5–15 tons year−1. Past and present datasets for 30 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) were determined to be statistically indistinguishable (paired t-test; p = 0.01). This study expands the list of PPCPs reported in U.S biosolids, provides the first estimates of nationwide release rates to and environmental half-lives in U.S agricultural soils, and confirms the utility of using mega-composite sampling for economical tracking of chemical inventories in biosolids on a national scale. PMID:22789759

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