Health Monitoring Survey of Bell 412EP Transmissions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tucker, Brian E.; Dempsey, Paula J.

2016-01-01

Health and usage monitoring systems (HUMS) use vibration-based Condition Indicators (CI) to assess the health of helicopter powertrain components. A fault is detected when a CI exceeds its threshold value. The effectiveness of fault detection can be judged on the basis of assessing the condition of actual components from fleet aircraft. The Bell 412 HUMS-equipped helicopter is chosen for such an evaluation. A sample of 20 aircraft included 12 aircraft with confirmed transmission and gearbox faults (detected by CIs) and eight aircraft with no known faults. The associated CI data is classified into "healthy" and "faulted" populations based on actual condition and these populations are compared against their CI thresholds to quantify the probability of false alarm and the probability of missed detection. Receiver Operator Characteristic analysis is used to optimize thresholds. Based on the results of the analysis, shortcomings in the classification method are identified for slow-moving CI trends. Recommendations for improving classification using time-dependent receiver-operator characteristic methods are put forth. Finally, lessons learned regarding OEM-operator communication are presented.

Designing Domain-Specific HUMS Architectures: An Automated Approach

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mukkamala, Ravi; Agarwal, Neha; Kumar, Pramod; Sundaram, Parthiban

2004-01-01

The HUMS automation system automates the design of HUMS architectures. The automated design process involves selection of solutions from a large space of designs as well as pure synthesis of designs. Hence the whole objective is to efficiently search for or synthesize designs or parts of designs in the database and to integrate them to form the entire system design. The automation system adopts two approaches in order to produce the designs: (a) Bottom-up approach and (b) Top down approach. Both the approaches are endowed with a Suite of quantitative and quantitative techniques that enable a) the selection of matching component instances, b) the determination of design parameters, c) the evaluation of candidate designs at component-level and at system-level, d) the performance of cost-benefit analyses, e) the performance of trade-off analyses, etc. In short, the automation system attempts to capitalize on the knowledge developed from years of experience in engineering, system design and operation of the HUMS systems in order to economically produce the most optimal and domain-specific designs.

Investigation of Current Methods to Identify Helicopter Gear Health

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dempsey, Paula J.; Lewicki, David G.; Le, Dy D.

2007-01-01

This paper provides an overview of current vibration methods used to identify the health of helicopter transmission gears. The gears are critical to the transmission system that provides propulsion, lift and maneuvering of the helicopter. This paper reviews techniques used to process vibration data to calculate conditions indicators (CI's), guidelines used by the government aviation authorities in developing and certifying the Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS), condition and health indicators used in commercial HUMS, and different methods used to set thresholds to detect damage. Initial assessment of a method to set thresholds for vibration based condition indicators applied to flight and test rig data by evaluating differences in distributions between comparable transmissions are also discussed. Gear condition indicator FM4 values are compared on an OH58 helicopter during 14 maneuvers and an OH58 transmission test stand during crack propagation tests. Preliminary results show the distributions between healthy helicopter and rig data are comparable and distributions between healthy and damaged gears show significant differences.

Investigation of Current Methods to Identify Helicopter Gear Health

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dempsey, Paula J.; Lewicki, David G.; Le, Dy D.

2007-01-01

This paper provides an overview of current vibration methods used to identify the health of helicopter transmission gears. The gears are critical to the transmission system that provides propulsion, lift and maneuvering of the helicopter. This paper reviews techniques used to process vibration data to calculate conditions indicators (CI s), guidelines used by the government aviation authorities in developing and certifying the Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS), condition and health indicators used in commercial HUMS, and different methods used to set thresholds to detect damage. Initial assessment of a method to set thresholds for vibration based condition indicators applied to flight and test rig data by evaluating differences in distributions between comparable transmissions are also discussed. Gear condition indicator FM4 values are compared on an OH58 helicopter during 14 maneuvers and an OH58 transmission test stand during crack propagation tests. Preliminary results show the distributions between healthy helicopter and rig data are comparable and distributions between healthy and damaged gears show significant differences.

Feasibility Study of a Rotorcraft Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS): Usage and Structural Life Monitoring Evaluation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dickson, B.; Cronkhite, J.; Bielefeld, S.; Killian, L.; Hayden, R.

1996-01-01

The objective of this study was to evaluate two techniques, Flight Condition Recognition (FCR) and Flight Load Synthesis (FIS), for usage monitoring and assess the potential benefits of extending the retirement intervals of life-limited components, thus reducing the operator's maintenance and replacement costs. Both techniques involve indirect determination of loads using measured flight parameters and subsequent fatigue analysis to calculate the life expended on the life-limited components. To assess the potential benefit of usage monitoring, the two usage techniques were compared to current methods of component retirement. In addition, comparisons were made with direct load measurements to assess the accuracy of the two techniques.

Current Research Activities in Drive System Technology in Support of the NASA Rotorcraft Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Handschuh, Robert F.; Zakrajsek, James J.

2006-01-01

Drive system technology is a key area for improving rotorcraft performance, noise/vibration reduction, and reducing operational and manufacturing costs. An overview of current research areas that support the NASA Rotorcraft Program will be provided. Work in drive system technology is mainly focused within three research areas: advanced components, thermal behavior/emergency lubrication system operation, and diagnostics/prognostics (also known as Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS)). Current research activities in each of these activities will be presented. Also, an overview of the conceptual drive system requirements and possible arrangements for the Heavy Lift Rotorcraft program will be reviewed.

Characterization of vibration transfer paths in nose gearboxes of an AH-64 Apache

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Islam, A. K. M. Anwarul; Dempsey, Paula J.; Feldman, Jason; Larsen, Chris

2014-03-01

Health monitoring of rotorcraft components, which is currently being performed by Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) through analyzing vibration signatures of dynamic mechanical components, is very important for their safe and economic operation. Vibration diagnostic algorithms in HUMS analyze vibration signatures associated with faults and quantify them as condition indicators (CI) to predict component behavior. Vibration transfer paths (VTP) play important roles in CI response and are characterized by frequency response functions (FRF) derived from vibration signatures of dynamic mechanical components of a helicopter. With an objective to investigate the difference in VTP of a component in a helicopter and test stand, and to relate that to the CI response, VTP measurements were recorded from 0-50 kHz under similar conditions in the left and right nose gearboxes (NGBs) of an AH-64 Apache and an isolated left NGB in a test stand at NASA Glenn Research Center. The test fixture enabled the application of measured torques - common during an actual operation. Commercial and lab piezo shakers, and an impact hammer were used in both systems to collect the vibration response using two types of commercially available accelerometers under various test conditions. The FRFs of both systems were found to be consistent, and certain real-world installation and maintenance issues, such as sensor alignments, locations and installation torques, had minimal effect on the VTP. However, gear vibration transfer path dynamics appeared to be somewhat dependent on presence of oil, and the lightly-damped ring gear produced sharp and closer transfer path resonances.

Humanized Foxp2 accelerates learning by enhancing transitions from declarative to procedural performance.

PubMed

Schreiweis, Christiane; Bornschein, Ulrich; Burguière, Eric; Kerimoglu, Cemil; Schreiter, Sven; Dannemann, Michael; Goyal, Shubhi; Rea, Ellis; French, Catherine A; Puliyadi, Rathi; Groszer, Matthias; Fisher, Simon E; Mundry, Roger; Winter, Christine; Hevers, Wulf; Pääbo, Svante; Enard, Wolfgang; Graybiel, Ann M

2014-09-30

The acquisition of language and speech is uniquely human, but how genetic changes might have adapted the nervous system to this capacity is not well understood. Two human-specific amino acid substitutions in the transcription factor forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) are outstanding mechanistic candidates, as they could have been positively selected during human evolution and as FOXP2 is the sole gene to date firmly linked to speech and language development. When these two substitutions are introduced into the endogenous Foxp2 gene of mice (Foxp2(hum)), cortico-basal ganglia circuits are specifically affected. Here we demonstrate marked effects of this humanization of Foxp2 on learning and striatal neuroplasticity. Foxp2(hum/hum) mice learn stimulus-response associations faster than their WT littermates in situations in which declarative (i.e., place-based) and procedural (i.e., response-based) forms of learning could compete during transitions toward proceduralization of action sequences. Striatal districts known to be differently related to these two modes of learning are affected differently in the Foxp2(hum/hum) mice, as judged by measures of dopamine levels, gene expression patterns, and synaptic plasticity, including an NMDA receptor-dependent form of long-term depression. These findings raise the possibility that the humanized Foxp2 phenotype reflects a different tuning of corticostriatal systems involved in declarative and procedural learning, a capacity potentially contributing to adapting the human brain for speech and language acquisition.

Validity of the Hum Test, a Simple and Reliable Alternative to the Weber Test.

PubMed

Ahmed, Omar H; Gallant, Sara C; Ruiz, Ryan; Wang, Binhuan; Shapiro, William H; Voigt, Erich P

2018-06-01

To compare the diagnostic performance of the Hum Test against the Weber Test using pure tone audiometry (PTA) as the "gold standard" comparator. 29 participants with normal hearing of ages 18 to 35 without any history of hearing abnormalities or otologic conditions were enrolled. Subjects underwent three tests (Hum Test, Weber Test, and PTA) across two conditions: with an ear plug in one ear (side randomized) and without ear plugs. When examining the ability of the Hum Test to detect simulated conductive hearing loss (CHL), the test had a sensitivity of 89.7% and specificity of 100% with high pitched humming and 93.1% and 100%, respectively, with low pitched humming. The Weber Test had a sensitivity and specificity of 96.6% and 100%, respectively. McNemar's test demonstrated agreement between the Hum Test, performed with either high pitched ( P = .32) or low pitched ( P = .56) humming, and the Weber Test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the Hum Test (both high and low pitched) and Weber test were compared and demonstrated no statistically significant difference. The Hum Test is comparable to the Weber Test with regards to its sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy in assessing new onset unilateral CHL in previously normal hearing subjects.

Digital hum filtering

USGS Publications Warehouse

Knapp, R.W.; Anderson, N.L.

1994-01-01

Data may be overprinted by a steady-state cyclical noise (hum). Steady-state indicates that the noise is invariant with time; its attributes, frequency, amplitude, and phase, do not change with time. Hum recorded on seismic data usually is powerline noise and associated higher harmonics; leakage from full-waveform rectified cathodic protection devices that contain the odd higher harmonics of powerline frequencies; or vibrational noise from mechanical devices. The fundamental frequency of powerline hum may be removed during data acquisition with the use of notch filters. Unfortunately, notch filters do not discriminate signal and noise, attenuating both. They also distort adjacent frequencies by phase shifting. Finally, they attenuate only the fundamental mode of the powerline noise; higher harmonics and frequencies other than that of powerlines are not removed. Digital notch filters, applied during processing, have many of the same problems as analog filters applied in the field. The method described here removes hum of a particular frequency. Hum attributes are measured by discrete Fourier analysis, and the hum is canceled from the data by subtraction. Errors are slight and the result of the presence of (random) noise in the window or asynchrony of the hum and data sampling. Error is minimized by increasing window size or by resampling to a finer interval. Errors affect the degree of hum attenuation, not the signal. The residual is steady-state hum of the same frequency. ?? 1994.

Soil organic matter composition from correlated thermal analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance data in Australian national inventory of agricultural soils

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moore, T. S.; Sanderman, J.; Baldock, J.; Plante, A. F.

2016-12-01

National-scale inventories typically include soil organic carbon (SOC) content, but not chemical composition or biogeochemical stability. Australia's Soil Carbon Research Programme (SCaRP) represents a national inventory of SOC content and composition in agricultural systems. The program used physical fractionation followed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. While these techniques are highly effective, they are typically too expensive and time consuming for use in large-scale SOC monitoring. We seek to understand if analytical thermal analysis is a viable alternative. Coupled differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and evolved gas analysis (CO2- and H2O-EGA) yields valuable data on SOC composition and stability via ramped combustion. The technique requires little training to use, and does not require fractionation or other sample pre-treatment. We analyzed 300 agricultural samples collected by SCaRP, divided into four fractions: whole soil, coarse particulates (POM), untreated mineral associated (HUM), and hydrofluoric acid (HF)-treated HUM. All samples were analyzed by DSC-EGA, but only the POM and HF-HUM fractions were analyzed by NMR. Multivariate statistical analyses were used to explore natural clustering in SOC composition and stability based on DSC-EGA data. A partial least-squares regression (PLSR) model was used to explore correlations among the NMR and DSC-EGA data. Correlations demonstrated regions of combustion attributable to specific functional groups, which may relate to SOC stability. We are increasingly challenged with developing an efficient technique to assess SOC composition and stability at large spatial and temporal scales. Correlations between NMR and DSC-EGA may demonstrate the viability of using thermal analysis in lieu of more demanding methods in future large-scale surveys, and may provide data that goes beyond chemical composition to better approach quantification of biogeochemical stability.

Why food in health security (FIHS)?

PubMed

Wahlqvist, Mark L

2009-01-01

Health is intrinsic to human security (HumS) although it is somewhat anthropocentric and about our own psychosocial and biomedical status more than various external threats. The 1994 United Nations Development Program definition of HumS includes economic, food, environmental, personal, community and political security with freedom from fear and want. Environmental factors are critical for health security (HealS), especially with widespread socio-economic difficulty, and health systems less affordable or accessible. The nexus between nutritionally-related disorders and infectious disease is the most pervasive world health problem. Most if not all of the Millennium Development Goals are food-linked. Maternal nutrition has life-long health effects on the yet-to-be born child. The mix of essential nutrient deprivation and energy imbalance is rife across many societies. Food systems require deeper understanding and governance to overcome these food-related health risks which are matters of food security (FoodS). Nutritionally-related Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYS) are improving markedly in many parts of the world, along with poverty and hunger reduction and health system advances. But recent economic, energy, food, water, climate change and health crises along with conflict are limiting. It is time for international and regional understanding of how households and communities can collectively manage these threats in affordable and sustainable ways. There is untapped problem-solving capacity at the international local level if supported by combined food--health systems expertise, innovation, infrastructure and governance. Principles of equity and ethics must apply. The Food in Health Security (FIHS) roundtable aims to develop a Network to facilitate this process.

Assisting Groundwater Exploration for Refugee/IDP Camps by Remote Sensing and GIS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wendt, Lorenz; Robl, Jörg; Hilberg, Sylke; Braun, Andreas; Rogenhofer, Edith; Dirnberger, Daniel; Strasser, Thomas; Füreder, Petra; Lang, Stefan

2015-04-01

Refugee camps and camps of internally displaced people (IDP) often form spontaneously or have to be established rapidly in remote, rural areas, where little is known about the hydrogeological situation. This requires a rapid assessment of the availability of groundwater to enable humanitarian organisations like Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) to supply the camp population with sufficient potable water. Within the project EO4HumEn, hydrogeological reconnaissance maps are produced for MSF by integrating remote sensing data like SRTM, Landsat, ASTER, optical very-high resolution (VHR) imagery, and SAR data. Depending on the specific situation of the camps, these maps contain topography, permanent and temporary water bodies, hard rock outcrops and their geological variability, locations of existing boreholes and wells (if available), potential contamination sources, roads and obstacles (e.g. swampland). In areas characterized by unconsolidated sediments, specific landforms like alluvial fans, meanders, levees, deltas or beach ridges are identified. Here, the reconnaissance map can be sufficient to plan drill sites for groundwater abstraction. In hard rock areas, the lithology is determined, if the vegetation cover allows it. Fractures, faults and karst features are mapped to resolve the structural setting. Anomalous vegetation patterns are interpreted in terms of near-surface groundwater. The maps provide an overview of the camp surroundings, and allow the field hydrogeologists to focus their investigations on the most promising locations. The maps are complemented by a literature review on geological maps, articles and reports available for the area of interest. Assisting groundwater exploration by remote sensing data analysis is not a new development, but it has not been widely adopted by the humanitarian community as interfaces between humanitarian organisations and GI-scientists were missing. EO4HumEn fills this gap by a strong interdisciplinary cooperation between MSF, GI-scientists and geologists. This allows exploiting the potential of remote sensing and in particular of the freely available datasets (SRTM, Landsat, Sentinel 1+2) for the water supply of refugee/IDP camps, and to receive feedback on the validity of the delivered map products. EO4HumEn is funded by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (EO-based services to support humanitarian operations: monitoring population and natural resources in refugee/IDP camps; FFG, ASAP 9, Nr 840081). Besides hydrogeological assessments, further products and services developed in EO4HumEn comprise the estimation and monitoring of camp population numbers by semi-automatically extracting dwellings from VHR imagery using object-based image analysis (OBIA), and the monitoring of changes of the environment in the vicinity of camps.

Survey of Army Weapons Training and Weapons Training Devices.

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-04-01

er li-68 (MANICON), May 1968. AD 671 128. Nichols, Thomas C. and Theodore R. Powers. oonlig)ht and Ni t Vi1- bilitv. Research Memorandum, HumRRO...Rpsources Laboratories, Brooks AFB, Texas, 1972. GENERAL Training th.vics (Cont’d) Fitzpatrick, Robert. Toiward a Theory of Simulation. System Develop- ment...Evaluation of the Tank, Combat, Full Tracked: 105mm Gun, M60. HumPRO Consulting Report, February 1961 (FIREPOWER VIII). AD 487 893. ’ hHunt , William T

The Bacteriophage P1 HumD Protein Is a Functional Homolog of the Prokaryotic UmuD′-Like Proteins and Facilitates SOS Mutagenesis in Escherichia coli

PubMed Central

McLenigan, Mary P.; Kulaeva, Olga I.; Ennis, Don G.; Levine, Arthur S.; Woodgate, Roger

1999-01-01

The Escherichia coli umuD and umuC genes comprise an operon and encode proteins that are involved in the mutagenic bypass of normally replication-inhibiting DNA lesions. UmuD is, however, unable to function in this process until it undergoes a RecA-mediated cleavage reaction to generate UmuD′. Many homologs of umuDC have now been identified. Most are located on bacterial chromosomes or on broad-host-range R plasmids. One such putative homolog, humD (homolog of umuD) is, however, found on the bacteriophage P1 genome. Interestingly, humD differs from other umuD homologs in that it encodes a protein similar in size to the posttranslationally generated UmuD′ protein and not UmuD, nor is it in an operon with a cognate umuC partner. To determine if HumD is, in fact, a bona fide homolog of the prokaryotic UmuD′-like mutagenesis proteins, we have analyzed the ability of HumD to complement UmuD′ functions in vivo as well as examined HumD’s physical properties in vitro. When expressed from a high-copy-number plasmid, HumD restored cellular mutagenesis and increased UV survival to normally nonmutable recA430 lexA(Def) and UV-sensitive ΔumuDC recA718 lexA(Def) strains, respectively. Complementing activity was reduced when HumD was expressed from a low-copy-number plasmid, but this observation is explained by immunoanalysis which indicates that HumD is normally poorly expressed in vivo. In vitro analysis revealed that like UmuD′, HumD forms a stable dimer in solution and is able to interact with E. coli UmuC and RecA nucleoprotein filaments. We conclude, therefore, that bacteriophage P1 HumD is a functional homolog of the UmuD′-like proteins, and we speculate as to the reasons why P1 might require the activity of such a protein in vivo. PMID:10559166

Intelligent query by humming system based on score level fusion of multiple classifiers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pyo Nam, Gi; Thu Trang Luong, Thi; Ha Nam, Hyun; Ryoung Park, Kang; Park, Sung-Joo

2011-12-01

Recently, the necessity for content-based music retrieval that can return results even if a user does not know information such as the title or singer has increased. Query-by-humming (QBH) systems have been introduced to address this need, as they allow the user to simply hum snatches of the tune to find the right song. Even though there have been many studies on QBH, few have combined multiple classifiers based on various fusion methods. Here we propose a new QBH system based on the score level fusion of multiple classifiers. This research is novel in the following three respects: three local classifiers [quantized binary (QB) code-based linear scaling (LS), pitch-based dynamic time warping (DTW), and LS] are employed; local maximum and minimum point-based LS and pitch distribution feature-based LS are used as global classifiers; and the combination of local and global classifiers based on the score level fusion by the PRODUCT rule is used to achieve enhanced matching accuracy. Experimental results with the 2006 MIREX QBSH and 2009 MIR-QBSH corpus databases show that the performance of the proposed method is better than that of single classifier and other fusion methods.

Specification, Design, and Analysis of Advanced HUMS Architectures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mukkamala, Ravi

2004-01-01

During the two-year project period, we have worked on several aspects of domain-specific architectures for HUMS. In particular, we looked at using scenario-based approach for the design and designed a language for describing such architectures. The language is now being used in all aspects of our HUMS design. In particular, we have made contributions in the following areas. 1) We have employed scenarios in the development of HUMS in three main areas. They are: (a) To improve reusability by using scenarios as a library indexing tool and as a domain analysis tool; (b) To improve maintainability by recording design rationales from two perspectives - problem domain and solution domain; (c) To evaluate the software architecture. 2) We have defined a new architectural language called HADL or HUMS Architectural Definition Language. It is a customized version of xArch/xADL. It is based on XML and, hence, is easily portable from domain to domain, application to application, and machine to machine. Specifications written in HADL can be easily read and parsed using the currently available XML parsers. Thus, there is no need to develop a plethora of software to support HADL. 3) We have developed an automated design process that involves two main techniques: (a) Selection of solutions from a large space of designs; (b) Synthesis of designs. However, the automation process is not an absolute Artificial Intelligence (AI) approach though it uses a knowledge-based system that epitomizes a specific HUMS domain. The process uses a database of solutions as an aid to solve the problems rather than creating a new design in the literal sense. Since searching is adopted as the main technique, the challenges involved are: (a) To minimize the effort in searching the database where a very large number of possibilities exist; (b) To develop representations that could conveniently allow us to depict design knowledge evolved over many years; (c) To capture the required information that aid the automation process.

TU-H-206-04: An Effective Homomorphic Unsharp Mask Filtering Method to Correct Intensity Inhomogeneity in Daily Treatment MR Images

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yang, D; Gach, H; Li, H

Purpose: The daily treatment MRIs acquired on MR-IGRT systems, like diagnostic MRIs, suffer from intensity inhomogeneity issue, associated with B1 and B0 inhomogeneities. An improved homomorphic unsharp mask (HUM) filtering method, automatic and robust body segmentation, and imaging field-of-view (FOV) detection methods were developed to compute the multiplicative slow-varying correction field and correct the intensity inhomogeneity. The goal is to improve and normalize the voxel intensity so that the images could be processed more accurately by quantitative methods (e.g., segmentation and registration) that require consistent image voxel intensity values. Methods: HUM methods have been widely used for years. A bodymore » mask is required, otherwise the body surface in the corrected image would be incorrectly bright due to the sudden intensity transition at the body surface. In this study, we developed an improved HUM-based correction method that includes three main components: 1) Robust body segmentation on the normalized image gradient map, 2) Robust FOV detection (needed for body segmentation) using region growing and morphologic filters, and 3) An effective implementation of HUM using repeated Gaussian convolution. Results: The proposed method was successfully tested on patient images of common anatomical sites (H/N, lung, abdomen and pelvis). Initial qualitative comparisons showed that this improved HUM method outperformed three recently published algorithms (FCM, LEMS, MICO) in both computation speed (by 50+ times) and robustness (in intermediate to severe inhomogeneity situations). Currently implemented in MATLAB, it takes 20 to 25 seconds to process a 3D MRI volume. Conclusion: Compared to more sophisticated MRI inhomogeneity correction algorithms, the improved HUM method is simple and effective. The inhomogeneity correction, body mask, and FOV detection methods developed in this study would be useful as preprocessing tools for many MRI-related research and clinical applications in radiotherapy. Authors have received research grants from ViewRay and Varian.« less

Using string alignment in a query-by-humming system for real world applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sailer, Christian

2005-09-01

Though query by humming (i.e., retrieving music or information about music by singing a characteristic melody) has been a popular research topic during the past decade, few approaches have reached a level of usefulness beyond mere scientific interest. One of the main problems is the inherent contradiction between error tolerance and dicriminative power in conventional melody matching algorithms that rely on a melody contour approach to handle intonation or transcription errors. Adopting the string matching/alignment techniques from bioinformatics to melody sequences allows to directly assess the similarity between two melodies. This method takes an MPEG-7 compliant melody sequence (i.e., a list of note intervals and length ratios) as query and evaluates the steps necessary to transform it into the reference sequence. By introducing a musically founded cost-of-replace function and an adequate post processing, this method yields a measure for melodic similarity. Thus it is possible to construct a query by humming system that can properly discriminate between thousands of melodies and still be sufficiently error tolerant to be used by untrained singers. The robustness has been verified in extensive tests and real world applications.

Energy harvesting schemes for building interior environment monitoring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zylka, Pawel; Pociecha, Dominik

2016-11-01

A vision to supply microelectronic devices without batteries making them perpetual or extending time of service in battery-oriented mobile supply schemes is the driving force of the research related to ambient energy harvesting. Energy harnessing aims thus at extracting energy from various ambient energy "pools", which generally are cost- or powerineffective to be scaled up for full-size, power-plant energy generation schemes supplying energy in electric form. These include - but are not limited to - waste heat, electromagnetic hum, vibrations, or human-generated power in addition to traditional renewable energy resources like water flow, tidal and wind energy or sun radiation which can also be exploited at the miniature scale by energy scavengers. However, in case of taking advantage of energy harvesting strategies to power up sensors monitoring environment inside buildings adaptable energy sources are restrained to only some which additionally are limited in spatial and temporal accessibility as well as available power. The paper explores experimentally an energy harvesting scheme exploiting human kinesis applicable in indoor environment for supplying a wireless indoor micro-system, monitoring ambient air properties (pressure, humidity and temperature).

Integrated health management and control of complex dynamical systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tolani, Devendra K.

2005-11-01

A comprehensive control and health management strategy for human-engineered complex dynamical systems is formulated for achieving high performance and reliability over a wide range of operation. Results from diverse research areas such as Probabilistic Robust Control (PRC), Damage Mitigating/Life Extending Control (DMC), Discrete Event Supervisory (DES) Control, Symbolic Time Series Analysis (STSA) and Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS) have been employed to achieve this goal. Continuous-domain control modules at the lower level are synthesized by PRC and DMC theories, whereas the upper-level supervision is based on DES control theory. In the PRC approach, by allowing different levels of risk under different flight conditions, the control system can achieve the desired trade off between stability robustness and nominal performance. In the DMC approach, component damage is incorporated in the control law to reduce the damage rate for enhanced structural durability. The DES controller monitors the system performance and, based on the mission requirements (e.g., performance metrics and level of damage mitigation), switches among various lower-level controllers. The core idea is to design a framework where the DES controller at the upper-level, mimics human intelligence and makes appropriate decisions to satisfy mission requirements, enhance system performance and structural durability. Recently developed tools in STSA have been used for anomaly detection and failure prognosis. The DMC deals with the usage monitoring or operational control part of health management, where as the issue of health monitoring is addressed by the anomaly detection tools. The proposed decision and control architecture has been validated on two test-beds, simulating the operations of rotorcraft dynamics and aircraft propulsion.

Review of Vibration-Based Helicopters Health and Usage Monitoring Methods

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-04-05

FM4, NA4, NA4*, NB4 and NB48* (Polyshchuk et al., 1998). The Wigner - Ville distribution ( WVD ) is a joint time-frequency signal analysis. The WVD is one...signal processing methodologies that are of relevance to vibration based damage detection (e.g., Wavelet Transform and Wigner - Ville distribution ) will be...operation cost, reduce maintenance flights, and increase flight safety. Key Words: HUMS; Wavelet Transform; Wigner - Ville distribution ; O&S; Machinery

GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS IN HUMAN LIVER PHENOL SULFOTRANSFERASES INVOLVED IN THE BIOACTIVATION OF N-HYDROXY DERIVATIVES OF CARCINOGENIC ARYLAMINES AND HETEROCYCLIC AMINES. (R825280)

EPA Science Inventory

Abstract

Three related forms of phenol sulfotransferase (PSULT), thermostable ST1A2 (SULT1A2hum) and ST1A3 (SULT1A1hum) and a thermolabile TL-PST (SULT1A3hum), are known to exist in human livers. Thermostable forms, whose activities are polymorphically distributed, hav...

THE SYMBOLS OF CREATIVE ENERGY IN THE LITERATURE ON MYSTICSM AND ON ALCHEMY

PubMed Central

Mahdihassan, S.

1989-01-01

Alchemy as art tries to imitate creation such as spontaneous generation. The magic wands of creation, of Chinese origin, would be a compass and a triangular carpenter's square. Creation is represented by the dual-natured soul, comprising of the spirit (Ruh) and “the” soul (Nafs). The ultimate source is creative energy which emanates form the Divine word of command. Creative energy, in its non-manifest form, would be ultrasonic energy, which can be represented by a humming sourd. This would be sympolized by the humming sound. This would be symbolized by the humming sound of bees represent creative energy and in fig 3 the fiddle, as direct producers of a humming sound. PMID:22557649

Spiral Bevel Pinion Crack Detection in a Helicopter Gearbox

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Decker, Harry J.; Lewicki, David G.

2003-01-01

The vibration resulting from a cracked spiral bevel pinion was recorded and analyzed using existing Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS) techniques. A tooth on the input pinion to a Bell OH-58 main rotor gearbox was notched and run for an extended period at severe over-torque condition to facilitate a tooth fracture. Thirteen vibration-based diagnostic metrics were calculated throughout the run. After 101.41 hours of run time, some of the metrics indicated damage. At that point a visual inspection did not reveal any damage. The pinion was then run for another 12 minutes until a proximity probe indicated that a tooth had fractured. This paper discusses the damage detection effectiveness of the different metrics and a comparison of effects of the different accelerometer locations.

Program Management for Tank Crewman Skills Training Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-11-01

RESEARCH PRODUCT 79-16 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FOR TANK CREWMAN SKILLS TRAINING PROGRAM ARI Field Unit at Fort Knox, Kentucky f hadocumr-e r- has~ bean a4...40121, and monitored by Donald F . Haggard, Chief, ARI Field I - -Unit-Fort Knox. It. KEY WORDS (Continue on reverse side If necessary end identify by...TRAINING PROGRAM Richard E. O’Brien William J. Crum Human Resources Research Organization (HumRRO) Submitted by-. Donald F . Haggard, Chief ARI Field

Beyond Necrotizing Enterocolitis Prevention: Improving Outcomes with an Exclusive Human Milk-Based Diet.

PubMed

Hair, Amy B; Peluso, Allison M; Hawthorne, Keli M; Perez, Jose; Smith, Denise P; Khan, Janine Y; O'Donnell, Andrea; Powers, Richard J; Lee, Martin L; Abrams, Steven A

2016-03-01

The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of infants pre and post initiation of a feeding protocol providing an exclusive human milk-based diet (HUM). In a multicenter retrospective cohort study, infants with a birth weight <1,250 g who received a bovine-based diet (BOV) of mother's own milk fortified with bovine fortifier and/or preterm formula were compared to infants who received a newly introduced HUM feeding protocol. Infants were excluded if they had major congenital anomalies or died in the first 12 hours of life. Data were collected 2-3 years prior to and after introduction of an exclusive HUM diet. Primary outcomes were necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and mortality. Secondary outcomes included late-onset sepsis, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). A total of 1,587 infants were included from four centers in Texas, Illinois, Florida, and California. There were no differences in baseline demographics or growth of infants. The HUM group had significantly lower incidence of proven NEC (16.7% versus 6.9%, p < 0.00001), mortality (17.2% versus 13.6%, p = 0.04), late-onset sepsis (30.3% versus 19.0%, p < 0.00001), ROP (9% versus 5.2%, p = 0.003), and BPD (56.3% versus 47.7%, p = 0.0015) compared with the BOV group. Extremely premature infants who received an exclusive HUM diet had a significantly lower incidence of NEC and mortality. The HUM group also had a reduction in late-onset sepsis, BPD, and ROP. This multicenter study further emphasizes the many benefits of an exclusive HUM diet, and demonstrates multiple improved outcomes after implementation of such a feeding protocol.

Combining Mean and Standard Deviation of Hounsfield Unit Measurements from Preoperative CT Allows More Accurate Prediction of Urinary Stone Composition Than Mean Hounsfield Units Alone.

PubMed

Tailly, Thomas; Larish, Yaniv; Nadeau, Brandon; Violette, Philippe; Glickman, Leonard; Olvera-Posada, Daniel; Alenezi, Husain; Amann, Justin; Denstedt, John; Razvi, Hassan

2016-04-01

The mineral composition of a urinary stone may influence its surgical and medical treatment. Previous attempts at identifying stone composition based on mean Hounsfield Units (HUm) have had varied success. We aimed to evaluate the additional use of standard deviation of HU (HUsd) to more accurately predict stone composition. We identified patients from two centers who had undergone urinary stone treatment between 2006 and 2013 and had mineral stone analysis and a computed tomography (CT) available. HUm and HUsd of the stones were compared with ANOVA. Receiver operative characteristic analysis with area under the curve (AUC), Youden index, and likelihood ratio calculations were performed. Data were available for 466 patients. The major components were calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), uric acid, hydroxyapatite, struvite, brushite, cystine, and CO dihydrate (COD) in 41.4%, 19.3%, 12.4%, 7.5%, 5.8%, 5.4%, and 4.7% of patients, respectively. The HUm of UA and Br was significantly lower and higher than the HUm of any other stone type, respectively. HUm and HUsd were most accurate in predicting uric acid with an AUC of 0.969 and 0.851, respectively. The combined use of HUm and HUsd resulted in increased positive predictive value and higher likelihood ratios for identifying a stone's mineral composition for all stone types but COM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CT data aiding in the prediction of brushite stone composition. Both HUm and HUsd can help predict stone composition and their combined use results in higher likelihood ratios influencing probability.

Investigation of Spiral Bevel Gear Condition Indicator Validation via AC-29-2C Combining Test Rig Damage Progression Data with Fielded Rotorcraft Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dempsey, Paula J.

2015-01-01

This is the final of three reports published on the results of this project. In the first report, results were presented on nineteen tests performed in the NASA Glenn Spiral Bevel Gear Fatigue Test Rig on spiral bevel gear sets designed to simulate helicopter fielded failures. In the second report, fielded helicopter HUMS data from forty helicopters were processed with the same techniques that were applied to spiral bevel rig test data. Twenty of the forty helicopters experienced damage to the spiral bevel gears, while the other twenty helicopters had no known anomalies within the time frame of the datasets. In this report, results from the rig and helicopter data analysis will be compared for differences and similarities in condition indicator (CI) response. Observations and findings using sub-scale rig failure progression tests to validate helicopter gear condition indicators will be presented. In the helicopter, gear health monitoring data was measured when damage occurred and after the gear sets were replaced at two helicopter regimes. For the helicopters or tails, data was taken in the flat pitch ground 101 rotor speed (FPG101) regime. For nine tails, data was also taken at 120 knots true airspeed (120KTA) regime. In the test rig, gear sets were tested until damage initiated and progressed while gear health monitoring data and operational parameters were measured and tooth damage progression documented. For the rig tests, the gear speed was maintained at 3500RPM, a one hour run-in was performed at 4000 in-lb gear torque, than the torque was increased to 8000 in-lbs. The HUMS gear condition indicator data evaluated included Figure of Merit 4 (FM4), Root Mean Square (RMS) or Diagnostic Algorithm 1(DA1), + 3 Sideband Index (SI3) and + 1 Sideband Index (SI1). These were selected based on their sensitivity in detecting contact fatigue damage modes from analytical, experimental and historical helicopter data. For this report, the helicopter dataset was reduced to fourteen tails and the test rig data set was reduced to eight tested gear sets. The damage modes compared were separated into three cases. For case one, both the gear and pinion showed signs of contact fatigue or scuffing damage. For case two, only the pinion showed signs of contact fatigue damage or scuffing. Case three was limited to the gear tests when scuffing occurred immediately after the gear run-in. Results of this investigation highlighted the importance of understanding the complete monitored systems, for both the helicopter and test rig, before interpreting health monitoring data. Further work is required to better define these two systems that include better state awareness of the fielded systems, new sensing technologies, new experimental methods or models that quantify the effect of system design on CI response and new methods for setting thresholds that take into consideration the variance of each system.

Clark AFB, Philippines. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-02-01

DATA PROCESSING DIVISION USAFETAC Air Weather Service ( MAC) 2L._qi( .3 I-H M3,; #983270 :.15 11 E 120 33 EL --V478 FT ?.p1K I-ARTS A-F HUMS...THIS PAGE .a.. E ...d) REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE READ INSTRUCTIONS REPORTDOCUMENTATIONPAGE_ BEFORE COMPLETING FORM I REPORT NUMBER 12 GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3...62225 P. 320 14 MONITORING AGENCY NAME & ADDRESS(f dlle’. e , Ifr Controlling Offfe) 15. SECURITY CLASS. (of this report) UNCLASSIFIED T5

Principles of signal conditioning.

PubMed

Finkel, A; Bookman, R

2001-05-01

It is rare for biological, physiological, chemical, electrical, or physical signals to be measured in the appropriate format for recording and interpretation. Usually, a signal must be conditioned to optimize it for both of these functions. This overview describes the fundamentals of signal filtering, how to prepare signals for A/D conversion, signal averaging to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, line frequency pickup (hum), peak-to-peak and rms noise measurements, blanking, audio monitoring, testing of electrodes and the common-mode rejection ratio.

Investigation of Spiral Bevel Gear Condition Indicator Validation Via AC-29-2C Using Damage Progression Tests

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dempsey, Paula J.

2014-01-01

This report documents the results of spiral bevel gear rig tests performed under a NASA Space Act Agreement with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to support validation and demonstration of rotorcraft Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) for maintenance credits via FAA Advisory Circular (AC) 29-2C, Section MG-15, Airworthiness Approval of Rotorcraft (HUMS) (Ref. 1). The overarching goal of this work was to determine a method to validate condition indicators in the lab that better represent their response to faults in the field. Using existing in-service helicopter HUMS flight data from faulted spiral bevel gears as a "Case Study," to better understand the differences between both systems, and the availability of the NASA Glenn Spiral Bevel Gear Fatigue Rig, a plan was put in place to design, fabricate and test comparable gear sets with comparable failure modes within the constraints of the test rig. The research objectives of the rig tests were to evaluate the capability of detecting gear surface pitting fatigue and other generated failure modes on spiral bevel gear teeth using gear condition indicators currently used in fielded HUMS. Nineteen final design gear sets were tested. Tables were generated for each test, summarizing the failure modes observed on the gear teeth for each test during each inspection interval and color coded based on damage mode per inspection photos. Gear condition indicators (CI) Figure of Merit 4 (FM4), Root Mean Square (RMS), +/- 1 Sideband Index (SI1) and +/- 3 Sideband Index (SI3) were plotted along with rig operational parameters. Statistical tables of the means and standard deviations were calculated within inspection intervals for each CI. As testing progressed, it became clear that certain condition indicators were more sensitive to a specific component and failure mode. These tests were clustered together for further analysis. Maintenance actions during testing were also documented. Correlation coefficients were calculated between each CI, component, damage state and torque. Results found test rig and gear design, type of fault and data acquisition can affect CI performance. Results found FM4, SI1 and SI3 can be used to detect macro pitting on two more gear or pinion teeth as long as it is detected prior to progressing to other components or transitioning to another failure mode. The sensitivity of RMS to system and operational conditions limit its reliability for systems that are not maintained at steady state. Failure modes that occurred due to scuffing or fretting were challenging to detect with current gear diagnostic tools, since the damage is distributed across all the gear and pinion teeth, smearing the impacting signatures typically used to differentiate between a healthy and damaged tooth contact. This is one of three final reports published on the results of this project. In the second report, damage modes experienced in the field will be mapped to the failure modes created in the test rig. The helicopter CI data will then be re-processed with the same analysis techniques applied to spiral bevel rig test data. In the third report, results from the rig and helicopter data analysis will be correlated. Observations, findings and lessons learned using sub-scale rig failure progression tests to validate helicopter gear condition indicators will be presented.

[The algorithm based on wavelet for canceling muscle electricity and wide range frequency of power line hum in ECG].

PubMed

Zhao, Jie; Hua, Mei

2004-06-01

To develop a wavelet noise canceller that cancels muscle electricity and power line hum in wide range of frequency. According to the feature that the QRS complex has higher frequency components, and the T, P wave have lower frequency components, the biorthogonal wavelet was selected to decompose the original signals. An interference-eliminated signal ECG was formed by reconstruction from the changed coefficients of wavelet. By using the canceller, muscle electricity and power line interference between 49 Hz and 61 Hz were eliminated from the ECG signals. This canceller works well in canceling muscle electricity, and basic and harmonic frequencies of power line hum. The canceller is also insensitive to the frequency change of power line, the same procedure is good for both 50 and 60 Hz power line hum.

Randomized trial of exclusive human milk versus preterm formula diets in extremely premature infants.

PubMed

Cristofalo, Elizabeth A; Schanler, Richard J; Blanco, Cynthia L; Sullivan, Sandra; Trawoeger, Rudolf; Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula; Dudell, Golde; Rechtman, David J; Lee, Martin L; Lucas, Alan; Abrams, Steven

2013-12-01

To compare the duration of parenteral nutrition, growth, and morbidity in extremely premature infants fed exclusive diets of either bovine milk-based preterm formula (BOV) or donor human milk and human milk-based human milk fortifier (HUM), in a randomized trial of formula vs human milk. Multicenter randomized controlled trial. The authors studied extremely preterm infants whose mothers did not provide their milk. Infants were fed either BOV or an exclusive human milk diet of pasteurized donor human milk and HUM. The major outcome was duration of parenteral nutrition. Secondary outcomes were growth, respiratory support, and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Birth weight (983 vs 996 g) and gestational age (27.5 vs 27.7 wk), in BOV and HUM, respectively, were similar. There was a significant difference in median parenteral nutrition days: 36 vs 27, in BOV vs HUM, respectively (P = .04). The incidence of NEC in BOV was 21% (5 cases) vs 3% in HUM (1 case), P = .08; surgical NEC was significantly higher in BOV (4 cases) than HUM (0 cases), P = .04. In extremely preterm infants given exclusive diets of preterm formula vs human milk, there was a significantly greater duration of parenteral nutrition and higher rate of surgical NEC in infants receiving preterm formula. This trial supports the use of an exclusive human milk diet to nourish extremely preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Copyright © 2013 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Genetics Home Reference: familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

MedlinePlus

... Savithri GR, Kumar MS, Narasimhan C, Nallari P. Molecular genetics of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC). J Hum Genet. ... 5(11):747. Citation on PubMed Kimura A. Molecular genetics and pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy. J Hum Genet. 2016 ...

Hum-mPLoc: an ensemble classifier for large-scale human protein subcellular location prediction by incorporating samples with multiple sites.

PubMed

Shen, Hong-Bin; Chou, Kuo-Chen

2007-04-20

Proteins may simultaneously exist at, or move between, two or more different subcellular locations. Proteins with multiple locations or dynamic feature of this kind are particularly interesting because they may have some very special biological functions intriguing to investigators in both basic research and drug discovery. For instance, among the 6408 human protein entries that have experimentally observed subcellular location annotations in the Swiss-Prot database (version 50.7, released 19-Sept-2006), 973 ( approximately 15%) have multiple location sites. The number of total human protein entries (except those annotated with "fragment" or those with less than 50 amino acids) in the same database is 14,370, meaning a gap of (14,370-6408)=7962 entries for which no knowledge is available about their subcellular locations. Although one can use the computational approach to predict the desired information for the gap, so far all the existing methods for predicting human protein subcellular localization are limited in the case of single location site only. To overcome such a barrier, a new ensemble classifier, named Hum-mPLoc, was developed that can be used to deal with the case of multiple location sites as well. Hum-mPLoc is freely accessible to the public as a web server at http://202.120.37.186/bioinf/hum-multi. Meanwhile, for the convenience of people working in the relevant areas, Hum-mPLoc has been used to identify all human protein entries in the Swiss-Prot database that do not have subcellular location annotations or are annotated as being uncertain. The large-scale results thus obtained have been deposited in a downloadable file prepared with Microsoft Excel and named "Tab_Hum-mPLoc.xls". This file is available at the same website and will be updated twice a year to include new entries of human proteins and reflect the continuous development of Hum-mPLoc.

Cell type-dependent variation in paracrine potency determines therapeutic efficacy against neonatal hyperoxic lung injury.

PubMed

Ahn, So Yoon; Chang, Yun Sil; Sung, Dong Kyung; Yoo, Hye Soo; Sung, Se In; Choi, Soo Jin; Park, Won Soon

2015-08-01

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal cell type for transplantation to protect against neonatal hyperoxic lung injury. To this end, the in vitro and in vivo therapeutic efficacies and paracrine potencies of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (HUMs), human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (HAMs) and human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (HMNs) were compared. Hyperoxic injury was induced in vitro in A549 cells by challenge with H2O2. Alternatively, hyperoxic injury was induced in newborn Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo by exposure to hyperoxia (90% oxygen) for 14 days. HUMs, HAMs or HMNs (5 × 10(5) cells) were given intratracheally at postnatal day 5. Hyperoxia-induced increases in in vitro cell death and in vivo impaired alveolarization were significantly attenuated in both the HUM and HAM groups but not in the HMN group. Hyperoxia impaired angiogenesis, increased the cell death and pulmonary macrophages and elevated inflammatory cytokine levels. These effects were significantly decreased in the HUM group but not in the HAM or HMN groups. The levels of human vascular endothelial growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor produced by donor cells were highest in HUM group, followed by HAM group and then HMN group. HUMs exhibited the best therapeutic efficacy and paracrine potency than HAMs or HMNs in protecting against neonatal hyperoxic lung injury. These cell type-dependent variations in therapeutic efficacy might be associated or mediated with the paracrine potency of the transplanted donor cells. Copyright © 2015 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Long-period noise source inversion in a 3-D heterogeneous Earth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sager, K.; Ermert, L. A.; Afanasiev, M.; Boehm, C.; Fichtner, A.

2017-12-01

We have implemented a new method for ambient noise source inversion that fully honors finite-frequency wave propagation and 3-D heterogeneous Earth structure.Here, we present results of its first application to the Earth's long-period background signal, the hum, in a period band of around 120 - 300 s. In addition to being a computationally convenient test case, the hum is also the topic of ongoing research in its own right, because different physical mechanisms have been proposed for its excitation. The broad patterns of this model for South and North hemisphere winter are qualitatively consistent with previous long-term studies of the hum sources; however, thanks to methodological improvements, the iterative refinement, and the use of a comparatively extensive dataset, we retrieve a more detailed model in certain locations. In particular, our results support findings that the dominant hum sources are focused along coasts and shelf areas, particularly in the North hemisphere winter, with a possible though not well-constrained contribution of pelagic sources. Additionally, our findings indicate that hum source locations in the ocean, tentatively linked to locally high bathymetry, are important contributors particularly during South hemisphere winter. These results, in conjunction with synthetic recovery tests and observed cross-correlation waveforms, suggest that hum sources are rather narrowly concentrated in space, with length scales on the order of few hundred kilometers. Future work includes the extension of the model to spring and fall season and to shorter periods, as well as its use in full-waveform ambient noise inversion for 3-D Earth structure.

Preventing and Treating Hypoxia: Using a Physiology Simulator to Demonstrate the Value of Pre-Oxygenation and the Futility of Hyperventilation.

PubMed

Lerant, Anna A; Hester, Robert L; Coleman, Thomas G; Phillips, William J; Orledge, Jeffrey D; Murray, W Bosseau

2015-01-01

Insufficient pre-oxygenation before emergency intubation, and hyperventilation after intubation are mistakes that are frequently observed in and outside the operating room, in clinical practice and in simulation exercises. Physiological parameters, as appearing on standard patient monitors, do not alert to the deleterious effects of low oxygen saturation on coronary perfusion, or that of low carbon dioxide concentrations on cerebral perfusion. We suggest the use of HumMod, a computer-based human physiology simulator, to demonstrate beneficial physiological responses to pre-oxygenation and the futility of excessive minute ventilation after intubation. We programmed HumMod, to A.) compare varying times (0-7 minutes) of pre-oxygenation on oxygen saturation (SpO2) during subsequent apnoea; B.) simulate hyperventilation after apnoea. We compared the effect of different minute ventilation rates on SpO2, acid-base status, cerebral perfusion and other haemodynamic parameters. A.) With no pre-oxygenation, starting SpO2 dropped from 98% to 90% in 52 seconds with apnoea. At the other extreme, following full pre-oxygenation with 100% O2 for 3 minutes or more, the SpO2 remained 100% for 7.75 minutes during apnoea, and dropped to 90% after another 75 seconds. B.) Hyperventilation, did not result in more rapid normalization of SpO2, irrespective of the level of minute ventilation. However, hyperventilation did cause significant decreases in cerebral blood flow (CBF). HumMod accurately simulates the physiological responses compared to published human studies of pre-oxygenation and varying post intubation minute ventilations, and it can be used over wider ranges of parameters than available in human studies and therefore available in the literature.

Preventing and Treating Hypoxia: Using a Physiology Simulator to Demonstrate the Value of Pre-Oxygenation and the Futility of Hyperventilation

PubMed Central

Lerant, Anna A.; Hester, Robert L.; Coleman, Thomas G.; Phillips, William J.; Orledge, Jeffrey D.; Murray, W. Bosseau

2015-01-01

Introduction: Insufficient pre-oxygenation before emergency intubation, and hyperventilation after intubation are mistakes that are frequently observed in and outside the operating room, in clinical practice and in simulation exercises. Physiological parameters, as appearing on standard patient monitors, do not alert to the deleterious effects of low oxygen saturation on coronary perfusion, or that of low carbon dioxide concentrations on cerebral perfusion. We suggest the use of HumMod, a computer-based human physiology simulator, to demonstrate beneficial physiological responses to pre-oxygenation and the futility of excessive minute ventilation after intubation. Methods: We programmed HumMod, to A.) compare varying times (0-7 minutes) of pre-oxygenation on oxygen saturation (SpO2) during subsequent apnoea; B.) simulate hyperventilation after apnoea. We compared the effect of different minute ventilation rates on SpO2, acid-base status, cerebral perfusion and other haemodynamic parameters. Results: A.) With no pre-oxygenation, starting SpO2 dropped from 98% to 90% in 52 seconds with apnoea. At the other extreme, following full pre-oxygenation with 100% O2 for 3 minutes or more, the SpO2 remained 100% for 7.75 minutes during apnoea, and dropped to 90% after another 75 seconds. B.) Hyperventilation, did not result in more rapid normalization of SpO2, irrespective of the level of minute ventilation. However, hyperventilation did cause significant decreases in cerebral blood flow (CBF). Conclusions: HumMod accurately simulates the physiological responses compared to published human studies of pre-oxygenation and varying post intubation minute ventilations, and it can be used over wider ranges of parameters than available in human studies and therefore available in the literature. PMID:26283881

Genetics Home Reference: Leber congenital amaurosis

MedlinePlus

... FP, van den Hurk JA, den Hollander AI. Molecular genetics of Leber congenital amaurosis. Hum Mol Genet. 2002 ... J. Leber congenital amaurosis: comprehensive survey of the genetic ... as a strategy for molecular diagnosis. Hum Mutat. 2004 Apr;23(4):306- ...

Investigation of Spiral Bevel Gear Condition Indicator Validation via AC-29-2C Using Fielded Rotorcraft HUMS Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dempsey, Paula J.; Wade, Daniel R.; Antolick, Lance J.; Thomas, Josiah

2014-01-01

This report presents the analysis of gear condition indicator data collected on a helicopter when damage occurred in spiral bevel gears. The purpose of the data analysis was to use existing in-service helicopter HUMS flight data from faulted spiral bevel gears as a Case Study, to better understand the differences between HUMS data response in a helicopter and a component test rig, the NASA Glenn Spiral Bevel Gear Fatigue Rig. The reason spiral bevel gear sets were chosen to demonstrate differences in response between both systems was the availability of the helicopter data and the availability of a test rig that was capable of testing spiral bevel gear sets to failure. The objective of the analysis presented in this paper was to re-process helicopter HUMS data with the same analysis techniques applied to the spiral bevel rig test data. The damage modes experienced in the field were mapped to the failure modes created in the test rig. A total of forty helicopters were evaluated. Twenty helicopters, or tails, experienced damage to the spiral bevel gears in the nose gearbox. Vibration based gear condition indicators data was available before and after replacement. The other twenty tails had no known anomalies in the nose gearbox within the time frame of the datasets. These twenty tails were considered the baseline dataset. The HUMS gear condition indicators evaluated included gear condition indicators (CI) Figure of Merit 4 (FM4), Root Mean Square (RMS) or Diagnostic Algorithm 1 (DA1) and +/- 3 Sideband Index (SI3). Three additional condition indicators, not currently calculated on-board, were calculated from the archived data. These three indicators were +/- 1 Sideband Index (SI1), the DA1 of the difference signal (DiffDA1) and the peak-to-peak of the difference signal (DP2P). Results found the CI DP2P, not currently available in the on-board HUMS, performed the best, responding to varying levels of damage on thirteen of the fourteen helicopters evaluated. Two additional CIs also not in the on-board system, DiffDA1and SI1, also performed well responding to twelve and ten of the fourteen helicopters evaluated respectively. Of the three CIs currently available in the MSPU, DA1, FM4 and SI3, SI3, responded to eight, DA1 responded to six and FM4 responded to four of the fourteen helicopters evaluated. FM4, the poorest performing CI, was not as responsive to damage as the other five CIs. Conversely, when compared to the other two, it was the only CI that responded to damage on two helicopters. CI response could not be correlated to specific failure modes due to limited pictures and subjective descriptions found within the TDA. Flight regime did affect CI response to some gear faults. Due to the range of operating conditions for each regime, more studies are required to determine their sensitivity to regimes.

The binding modes of carbazole derivatives with telomere G-quadruplex

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xiu-feng; Zhang, Hui-juan; Xiang, Jun-feng; Li, Qian; Yang, Qian-fan; Shang, Qian; Zhang, Yan-xia; Tang, Ya-lin

2010-10-01

It is reported that carbazole derivatives can stabilize G-quadruplex DNA structure formed by human telomeric sequence, and therefore, they have the potential to serve as anti-cancer agents. In this present study, in order to further explore the binding mode between carbazole derivatives and G-quadruplex formed by human telomeric sequence, two carbazole iodides (BMVEC, MVEC) molecules were synthesized and used to investigate the interaction with the human telomeric parallel and antiparallel G-quadruplex structures by NMR, CD and molecular modeling study. Interestingly, it is the pivotal the cationic charge pendant groups of pyridinium rings of carbazole that plays an essential role in the stabilizing and binding mode of the human telomeric sequences G-quadruplex structure. It was found that BMVEC with two cationic charge pendant groups of pyridinium rings of 9-ethylcarbazole cannot only stabilize parallel G-quadruple of Hum6 by groove binding and G-tetrad stacking modes and antiparallel G-quadruplex of Hum22 by groove binding, but also induce the formation of mixed G-quadruplex of Hum22. While MVEC with one cationic charge pendant groups of pyridinium ring only can bind with the parallel G-quadruplex of Hum6 by the stacking onto the G4 G-tetrad and could not interact with the G-quadruplex of Hum22.

52. G.E.H. photographer August 1930 1HUM1B #59, OILING OPERATIONS, GEH ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

52. G.E.H. photographer August 1930 1-HUM-1-B #59, OILING OPERATIONS, GEH 8-30. Stamped office copy. - Redwood National & State Parks Roads, California coast from Crescent City to Trinidad, Crescent City, Del Norte County, CA

Genetics Home Reference: tetrasomy 18p

MedlinePlus

... parental origin and different mechanisms of formation. Eur J Hum Genet. 1996;4(3):160-7. Erratum in: Eur J Hum Genet 1996;4(5):291. Citation on ... paraplegia as a feature of tetrasomy 18p. Am J Med Genet A. 2010 Sep;152A(9):2173- ...

Monitoring of Microbial Loads During Long Duration Missions as a Risk Reduction Tool

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roman, Monsi C.

2011-01-01

Humans have been exploring space for more than 40 years. For all those years microorganisms have accompanied, first un-manned spacecraft/cargo and later manned vessels. Microorganisms are everywhere on Earth, could easily adapt to new environments and/or can rapidly mutate to survive in very harsh conditions. Their presence in spacecraft and cargo have caused a few inconveniences over the years of humans spaceflight, ranging from crew health, life support systems challenges and material degradation. The sterilization of spacecraft that will host humans in long duration mission would be a costly operation that will not provide a long-term solution to the microbial colonization of the vessels. As soon as a human is exposed to the spacecraft, during the mission, microorganisms will start to populate the new environment. As the hum an presence in space increases in length, the risk from the microbial load, to hardware and crew will also increase. Mitigation of this risk includes several different strategies that will include minimizing the microbial load (in numbers and diversity) and monitoring. This presentation will provide a list of the risk mitigation strategies that should be implemented during ground processing, and during the mission. It will also discuss the areas that should be discussed before an effective in-flight microbial monitoring regimen is implemented. Microbial monitoring technologies will also be presented.

Here's How to Keep Your Music Program Humming.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCormick, Kathleen

1985-01-01

Some school systems are finding practical ways to enhance music programs. Experts suggest ways for schools to (1) build a marketing plan, (2) make it easier for children to participate in the music program, (3) provide reinforcement, and (4) publicize the program. (MLF)

Budget Limits Prompt Humming Hive Togetherness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dain, Jo Anne

1983-01-01

Describes Truckee Meadows Community College's word processing center, in which students are trained in modern word processing techniques on the same equipment that meets the college's needs for a sophisticated computerized system. Considers equipment, safeguards, advantages, and current and potential uses of the center. (DMM)

pLoc-mHum: predict subcellular localization of multi-location human proteins via general PseAAC to winnow out the crucial GO information.

PubMed

Cheng, Xiang; Xiao, Xuan; Chou, Kuo-Chen

2018-05-01

For in-depth understanding the functions of proteins in a cell, the knowledge of their subcellular localization is indispensable. The current study is focused on human protein subcellular location prediction based on the sequence information alone. Although considerable efforts have been made in this regard, the problem is far from being solved yet. Most existing methods can be used to deal with single-location proteins only. Actually, proteins with multi-locations may have some special biological functions that are particularly important for both basic research and drug design. Using the multi-label theory, we present a new predictor called 'pLoc-mHum' by extracting the crucial GO (Gene Ontology) information into the general PseAAC (Pseudo Amino Acid Composition). Rigorous cross-validations on a same stringent benchmark dataset have indicated that the proposed pLoc-mHum predictor is remarkably superior to iLoc-Hum, the state-of-the-art method in predicting the human protein subcellular localization. To maximize the convenience of most experimental scientists, a user-friendly web-server for the new predictor has been established at http://www.jci-bioinfo.cn/pLoc-mHum/, by which users can easily get their desired results without the need to go through the complicated mathematics involved. xcheng@gordonlifescience.org. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

HumRRO Research on Officer Training.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McClellan, William A.; And Others

This document records the four presentations on officer training and education research programs made by members of the Human Resources Research Organization (HumRRO) staff at a briefing sponsored by the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Individual Training at Headquarters, U.S. Continental Army Command in July 1970. The presentations…

Bibliography of Publications and Presentations During FY 1975.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Human Resources Research Organization, Alexandria, VA.

The bibliography lists research reports, publications by staff members in professional journals, and presentations at professional and military meetings by the Human Resources Research Organization (HumRRO) during fiscal year 1975. It provides a complete record of HumRRO publications in conjunction with the cumulative Bibliography of Publications…

A peer-to-peer music sharing system based on query-by-humming

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Jianrong; Chang, Xinglong; Zhao, Zheng; Zhang, Yebin; Shi, Qingwei

2007-09-01

Today, the main traffic in peer-to-peer (P2P) network is still multimedia files including large numbers of music files. The study of Music Information Retrieval (MIR) brings out many encouraging achievements in music search area. Nevertheless, the research of music search based on MIR in P2P network is still insufficient. Query by Humming (QBH) is one MIR technology studied for years. In this paper, we present a server based P2P music sharing system which is based on QBH and integrated with a Hierarchical Index Structure (HIS) to enhance the relation between surface data and potential information. HIS automatically evolving depends on the music related items carried by each peer such as midi files, lyrics and so forth. Instead of adding large amount of redundancy, the system generates a bit of index for multiple search input which improves the traditional keyword-based text search mode largely. When network bandwidth, speed, etc. are no longer a bottleneck of internet serve, the accessibility and accuracy of information provided by internet are being more concerned by end users.

Mice with megabase humanization of their immunoglobulin genes generate antibodies as efficiently as normal mice.

PubMed

Murphy, Andrew J; Macdonald, Lynn E; Stevens, Sean; Karow, Margaret; Dore, Anthony T; Pobursky, Kevin; Huang, Tammy T; Poueymirou, William T; Esau, Lakeisha; Meola, Melissa; Mikulka, Warren; Krueger, Pamela; Fairhurst, Jeanette; Valenzuela, David M; Papadopoulos, Nicholas; Yancopoulos, George D

2014-04-08

Mice genetically engineered to be humanized for their Ig genes allow for human antibody responses within a mouse background (HumAb mice), providing a valuable platform for the generation of fully human therapeutic antibodies. Unfortunately, existing HumAb mice do not have fully functional immune systems, perhaps because of the manner in which their genetic humanization was carried out. Heretofore, HumAb mice have been generated by disrupting the endogenous mouse Ig genes and simultaneously introducing human Ig transgenes at a different and random location; KO-plus-transgenic humanization. As we describe in the companion paper, we attempted to make mice that more efficiently use human variable region segments in their humoral responses by precisely replacing 6 Mb of mouse Ig heavy and kappa light variable region germ-line gene segments with their human counterparts while leaving the mouse constant regions intact, using a unique in situ humanization approach. We reasoned the introduced human variable region gene segments would function indistinguishably in their new genetic location, whereas the retained mouse constant regions would allow for optimal interactions and selection of the resulting antibodies within the mouse environment. We show that these mice, termed VelocImmune mice because they were generated using VelociGene technology, efficiently produce human:mouse hybrid antibodies (that are rapidly convertible to fully human antibodies) and have fully functional humoral immune systems indistinguishable from those of WT mice. The efficiency of the VelocImmune approach is confirmed by the rapid progression of 10 different fully human antibodies into human clinical trials.

Can Chemicals in the Environment That Affect Hormone Function Disrupt Development?

EPA Science Inventory

Hormones, including estrogens and androgens, regulate the expression of genes that play critical roles in guiding the development of organ systems in the embryo. Changes in either the amount or the timing of hormone exposure can lead to altered human development. For example, hum...

Localisation humérale d'une tumeur à cellules géantes récidivantes (à propos d'un cas)

PubMed Central

Nader, Youssef; Serghini, Issam; Koulali, Idrissi Khalid; Salahi, Hicham; Galwia, Farid

2015-01-01

Les auteurs rapportent un cas de localisation rare d'une tumeur à cellules géantes au niveau de la palette humérale du coude droit chez un militaire de 36 ans de sexe masculin, la radio standard montrait une image kystique ne soufflant pas la corticale. L'examen anatomo-pathologique a permis d’ établir le diagnostic et le traitement a fait appel: au début a une Exérèse chirurgicale totale et une greffe osseuse par un greffon iliaque de la totalité de la palette huméral qui s'est compliquée à 6 mois de recule d une récidive locale. PMID:25995809

A Touch Sensing Technique Using the Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Fields on the Human Body

PubMed Central

Elfekey, Hatem; Bastawrous, Hany Ayad; Okamoto, Shogo

2016-01-01

Touch sensing is a fundamental approach in human-to-machine interfaces, and is currently under widespread use. Many current applications use active touch sensing technologies. Passive touch sensing technologies are, however, more adequate to implement low power or energy harvesting touch sensing interfaces. This paper presents a passive touch sensing technique based on the fact that the human body is affected by the surrounding extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields, such as those of AC power lines. These external ELF fields induce electric potentials on the human body—because human tissues exhibit some conductivity at these frequencies—resulting in what is called AC hum. We therefore propose a passive touch sensing system that detects this hum noise when a human touch occurs, thus distinguishing between touch and non-touch events. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is validated by designing and implementing a flexible touch sensing keyboard. PMID:27918416

A Touch Sensing Technique Using the Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Fields on the Human Body.

PubMed

Elfekey, Hatem; Bastawrous, Hany Ayad; Okamoto, Shogo

2016-12-02

Touch sensing is a fundamental approach in human-to-machine interfaces, and is currently under widespread use. Many current applications use active touch sensing technologies. Passive touch sensing technologies are, however, more adequate to implement low power or energy harvesting touch sensing interfaces. This paper presents a passive touch sensing technique based on the fact that the human body is affected by the surrounding extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields, such as those of AC power lines. These external ELF fields induce electric potentials on the human body-because human tissues exhibit some conductivity at these frequencies-resulting in what is called AC hum. We therefore propose a passive touch sensing system that detects this hum noise when a human touch occurs, thus distinguishing between touch and non-touch events. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is validated by designing and implementing a flexible touch sensing keyboard.

HumRRO's Literacy Research for the U.S. Army: Developing Functional Literacy Training.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sticht, Thomas G.; And Others

The major purposes of the project were to determine the nature of the literacy problem in the Army by studying the literacy demands of Army jobs together with the literacy skills of Army personnel, and to develop a literacy training program to provide job-related-functional, literacy skills. Literacy research and development performed by HumRRO…

Exact controllability for a Thermodiffusion System with locally distributed controls

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Moraes, F. G.; Schulz, R. A.; Soriano, J. A.

2018-03-01

In this work we establish a exact controllability result for a thermodiffusion system, modeled by Cattaneo's law, posed in a one-dimensional domain. In the present model the control mechanisms are effective in a small subinterval of the domain. To obtain the desired results, we prove an observability inequality for the adjoint system which, together with the multiplier methods and the Hilbert Uniqueness Method (HUM) developed by J.L. Lions, gives the controllability.

A Survey of Managers' Access to Key Performance Indicators via HIS: The Case of Iranian Teaching Hospitals.

PubMed

Ahmadi, Maryam; Khorrami, Farid; Dehnad, Afsaneh; Golchin, Mohammad H; Azad, Mohsen; Rahimi, Shafei

2018-01-01

The challenges of using health information systems in developing countries are different from developed countries for various reasons such as infrastructure and data culture of organizations. The aim of this study is to assess managers' access to key performance indicators (KPI) via Hospital Information System (HIS) in teaching hospitals of Iran. All managers (Census method) of the four teaching hospitals affiliated to Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (HUMS) were included in this study. KPIs which are linked to the strategic objectives of organizations were adopted from the strategic plan of HUMS. The questionnaire used in this study included three categories: Financial, Human Resources and clinical. One-sample t-test was used and the significant difference score was calculated for the acceptable level. We found that HIS cannot facilitate access to KPIs for managers in the main categories, but it was effective in two subcategories of income (p = 0.314) and salary (P = 0.289)). A study of barriers to the use of managers of HIS in hospitals is suggested.

Implications of the USGS analysis of slope stability at Sulphur Creek

Treesearch

L. M. Reid

1998-01-01

The slope stability equation and values for material properties recommended by USGS geologist Dr. Raymond Wilson were used to map the stability regime of the four units of THP 1-97-307 HUM and the two units of THP 1-96-413 HUM. When calculations are carried out for conditions without trees, results indicate that each unit includes significant areas that would be...

Novel underwater soundscape: acoustic repertoire of plainfin midshipman fish.

PubMed

McIver, Eileen L; Marchaterre, Margaret A; Rice, Aaron N; Bass, Andrew H

2014-07-01

Toadfishes are among the best-known groups of sound-producing (vocal) fishes and include species commonly known as toadfish and midshipman. Although midshipman have been the subject of extensive investigation of the neural mechanisms of vocalization, this is the first comprehensive, quantitative analysis of the spectro-temporal characters of their acoustic signals and one of the few for fishes in general. Field recordings of territorial, nest-guarding male midshipman during the breeding season identified a diverse vocal repertoire composed of three basic sound types that varied widely in duration, harmonic structure and degree of amplitude modulation (AM): 'hum', 'grunt' and 'growl'. Hum duration varied nearly 1000-fold, lasting for minutes at a time, with stable harmonic stacks and little envelope modulation throughout the sound. By contrast, grunts were brief, ~30-140 ms, broadband signals produced both in isolation and repetitively as a train of up to 200 at intervals of ~0.5-1.0 s. Growls were also produced alone or repetitively, but at variable intervals of the order of seconds with durations between those of grunts and hums, ranging 60-fold from ~200 ms to 12 s. Growls exhibited prominent harmonics with sudden shifts in pulse repetition rate and highly variable AM patterns, unlike the nearly constant AM of grunt trains and flat envelope of hums. Behavioral and neurophysiological studies support the hypothesis that each sound type's unique acoustic signature contributes to signal recognition mechanisms. Nocturnal production of these sounds against a background chorus dominated constantly for hours by a single sound type, the multi-harmonic hum, reveals a novel underwater soundscape for fish. © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

A Foundation for Systems Anthropometry: Lumbar/Pelvic Kinematics

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-01

caused by human error in positioning the cursor of the digitizing board and inaccuracy of the digitizer. (Human error is approximately + .02 an and...Milne, J.S. and Lauder, I.J. 1974. "Age Effects in Kyphosis and Lordosis in Adults." Ann. Hum. Biol. 1(3):327-337. Mchr, G.C., Brinkley, J.W., Kazarian

Fifteen years after "Wingspread"- Environmental Endocrine Disrupters and human and wildlife health: Where we are today and where we need to go.

EPA Science Inventory

In 1991 a group of expert scientists at a Wingspread work session on endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) concluded that "Many compounds introduced into the environment by human activity are capable of disrupting the endocrine system of animals, including fish, wildlife, and hum...

Application of Neural Networks to Predict UH-60L Electrical Generator Condition using (IMD-HUMS) Data

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-12-01

Data transfer unit ( DTU ) • Remote data concentrator (RDC) • Main processor unit (MPU) • 2 junction boxes (JB1/JB2) • 20 drive train and...NETWORKS TO PREDICT UH-60L ELECTRICAL GENERATOR CONDITION USING (IMD-HUMS) DATA by Evangelos Tourvalis December 2006 Thesis Advisor...including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the

Analysis of the Marine Corps Educational Tier System

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

Accounting Office GED General Educational Development HSDG High School Diploma Graduate HumRRO Human Resources Research Organization JAMERS...Tier III: Non- High School Diploma Graduate (NHSDG) In 1997, research by Laurence, Ramsberger, and Arabian examined yet again the first-term...recruiting and first-term attrition. E. FINAL REMARKS A reoccurring theme in attrition research is that the high school diploma is the most

Ambient Seismic Source Inversion in a Heterogeneous Earth: Theory and Application to the Earth's Hum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ermert, Laura; Sager, Korbinian; Afanasiev, Michael; Boehm, Christian; Fichtner, Andreas

2017-11-01

The sources of ambient seismic noise are extensively studied both to better understand their influence on ambient noise tomography and related techniques, and to infer constraints on their excitation mechanisms. Here we develop a gradient-based inversion method to infer the space-dependent and time-varying source power spectral density of the Earth's hum from cross correlations of continuous seismic data. The precomputation of wavefields using spectral elements allows us to account for both finite-frequency sensitivity and for three-dimensional Earth structure. Although similar methods have been proposed previously, they have not yet been applied to data to the best of our knowledge. We apply this method to image the seasonally varying sources of Earth's hum during North and South Hemisphere winter. The resulting models suggest that hum sources are localized, persistent features that occur at Pacific coasts or shelves and in the North Atlantic during North Hemisphere winter, as well as South Pacific coasts and several distinct locations in the Southern Ocean in South Hemisphere winter. The contribution of pelagic sources from the central North Pacific cannot be constrained. Besides improving the accuracy of noise source locations through the incorporation of finite-frequency effects and 3-D Earth structure, this method may be used in future cross-correlation waveform inversion studies to provide initial source models and source model updates.

Toward a Real-Time Measurement-Based System for Estimation of Helicopter Engine Degradation Due to Compressor Erosion

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Litt, Jonathan S.; Simo, Donald L.

2007-01-01

This paper presents a preliminary demonstration of an automated health assessment tool, capable of real-time on-board operation using existing engine control hardware. The tool allows operators to discern how rapidly individual turboshaft engines are degrading. As the compressor erodes, performance is lost, and with it the ability to generate power. Thus, such a tool would provide an instant assessment of the engine s fitness to perform a mission, and would help to pinpoint any abnormal wear or performance anomalies before they became serious, thereby decreasing uncertainty and enabling improved maintenance scheduling. The research described in the paper utilized test stand data from a T700-GE-401 turboshaft engine that underwent sand-ingestion testing to scale a model-based compressor efficiency degradation estimation algorithm. This algorithm was then applied to real-time Health Usage and Monitoring System (HUMS) data from a T700-GE-701C to track compressor efficiency on-line. The approach uses an optimal estimator called a Kalman filter. The filter is designed to estimate the compressor efficiency using only data from the engine s sensors as input.

Melody Alignment and Similarity Metric for Content-Based Music Retrieval

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Yongwei; Kankanhalli, Mohan S.

2003-01-01

Music query-by-humming has attracted much research interest recently. It is a challenging problem since the hummed query inevitably contains much variation and inaccuracy. Furthermore, the similarity computation between the query tune and the reference melody is not easy due to the difficulty in ensuring proper alignment. This is because the query tune can be rendered at an unknown speed and it is usually an arbitrary subsequence of the target reference melody. Many of the previous methods, which adopt note segmentation and string matching, suffer drastically from the errors in the note segmentation, which affects retrieval accuracy and efficiency. Some methods solve the alignment issue by controlling the speed of the articulation of queries, which is inconvenient because it forces users to hum along a metronome. Some other techniques introduce arbitrary rescaling in time but this is computationally very inefficient. In this paper, we introduce a melody alignment technique, which addresses the robustness and efficiency issues. We also present a new melody similarity metric, which is performed directly on melody contours of the query data. This approach cleanly separates the alignment and similarity measurement in the search process. We show how to robustly and efficiently align the query melody with the reference melodies and how to measure the similarity subsequently. We have carried out extensive experiments. Our melody alignment method can reduce the matching candidate to 1.7% with 95% correct alignment rate. The overall retrieval system achieved 80% recall in the top 10 rank list. The results demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness the proposed methods.

Determination and Application of Training Objectives in Revising the Supplyman (MOS 76A10) Course.

DTIC Science & Technology

1970-08-01

7 AD-AO81 050 HUMAN RESOURCES RESEARCH ORGANIZATION ALEXANDRIA VA G ’/9 DETERMINATION AND APPLICATION OF TRAINING OBJECTIVES IN REVISIN--EC(U) AUG 70...Organization (HumRRO) is a nonprofit corporation established in 1969 to conduct research in the field of training and education. It was established as a con...tinuation of The George Washington University, Human Resources Research Office. HumRRO’s general purpose is to improve human performance

HumRRO Activities in Support of the Self-Pacing of Four U.S. Army TRADOC Programs of Instruction.

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-03-01

Quality of input is improving (more high school graduates), but is not as good as they would like. Entry i requirements are: an EL of 90; not color...MOS 64C); and Fielw Wireman (36K). HumRRO scientists inter- acted with proponent school staff and with members of the TP.ADOC/TMI ad hoc group to...continued... -Ad) specific responsibilities for accomplishing course conversion. Prior to making site visits to the Military Police School , Transportation

Detection and Identification of Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Yersinia pestis Denaturing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-07-01

analysis in hereditary breast and ovarian cancers . Hum. Mutat. 14:333– 339. 2. Bauer, A. W., W. M. Kirby, J. C. Sherris, and M. Turck. 1966. Antibiotic...Listeria monocytogenes lineage group classification by MAMA -PCR of the listeriolysin gene. Curr. Microbiol. 43:129–133. 17. Klein, B., G. Weirich...Germline and somatic mutation anal- yses in the DNA mismatch repair gene MLH3: evidence for somatic muta- tion in colorectal cancers . Hum. Mutat. 17:389–396

Development of Job Aids for Instructional Systems Development

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-02-01

assistance during the needs assessment and evaluation phases: Dr. William Ketner, Mr. Earl Duncan, Mr. Richard Arnold, Mr. John Meyers, Ms. Doris...Lakeman, Mr, Dan Danilovich, Ms. Yvonne Waldin and Mr. Richard Eberl. Ms. Jean Farrell and Mr. Michael Hillelsohn of HumRRO also contributed to this effort...Commandant for Educational Technology Mr. Earl Duncan, Education Specialist, Educational Technology Division Mr. Richard Arnold, Education Specialist

Investment Criteria for Airport Surveillance Radar, Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System, and Automated Radar Terminal System (ASR/ATCRBS/ARTS)

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

15 FIQGX 4 Tine Saved By ASR: 3 Mile vs. 7.5 Mile Separation 40 3 4 S10" 6 ;9 q4, ItI I ILI 10! i~o 2 _ _P𔃻_ _ P_ _ IFR HUM 16 :,.4eS _OE_ AT_...8217 16 . Abstract ""This report develops revised investment criteria for Airport Survoiillance Radar, Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System, and...12 A. Introduction. .................... 1. 32 B. IFR Delay Reduction Benefits ...... ............. 13 C. Safety Benefits

Concurrent Pilot Instrument Monitoring in the Automated Multi-Crew Airline Cockpit.

PubMed

Jarvis, Stephen R

2017-12-01

Pilot instrument monitoring has been described as "inadequate," "ineffective," and "insufficient" after multicrew aircraft accidents. Regulators have called for improved instrument monitoring by flight crews, but scientific knowledge in the area is scarce. Research has tended to investigate the monitoring of individual pilots when in the pilot-flying role; very little research has looked at crew monitoring, or that of the "monitoring-pilot" role despite it being half of the apparent problem. Eye-tracking data were collected from 17 properly constituted and current Boeing 737 crews operating in a full motion simulator. Each crew flew four realistic flight segments, with pilots swapping between the pilot-flying and pilot-monitoring roles, with and without the autopilot engaged. Analysis was performed on the 375 maneuvering-segments prior to localizer intercept. Autopilot engagement led to significantly less visual dwell time on the attitude director indicator (mean 212.8-47.8 s for the flying pilot and 58.5-39.8 s for the monitoring-pilot) and an associated increase on the horizontal situation indicator (18-52.5 s and 36.4-50.5 s). The flying-pilots' withdrawal of attention from the primary flight reference and increased attention to the primary navigational reference was paralleled rather than complemented by the monitoring-pilot, suggesting that monitoring vulnerabilities can be duplicated in the flight deck. Therefore it is possible that accident causes identified as "inadequate" or "insufficient" monitoring, are in fact a result of parallel monitoring.Jarvis SR. Concurrent pilot instrument monitoring in the automated multi-crew airline cockpit. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(12):1100-1106.

Engraftment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes in immunocompetent mice via 3D co-aggregation and encapsulation

PubMed Central

Song, Wei; Lu, Yen-Chun; Frankel, Angela S.; An, Duo; Schwartz, Robert E.; Ma, Minglin

2015-01-01

Cellular therapies for liver diseases and in vitro models for drug testing both require functional human hepatocytes (Hum-H), which have unfortunately been limited due to the paucity of donor liver tissues. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) represent a promising and potentially unlimited cell source to derive Hum-H. However, the hepatic functions of these hPSC-derived cells to date are not fully comparable to adult Hum-H and are more similar to fetal ones. In addition, it has been challenging to obtain functional hepatic engraftment of these cells with prior studies having been done in immunocompromised animals. In this report, we demonstrated successful engraftment of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hepatocyte-like cells (iPS-H) in immunocompetent mice by pre-engineering 3D cell co-aggregates with stromal cells (SCs) followed by encapsulation in recently developed biocompatible hydrogel capsules. Notably, upon transplantation, human albumin and α1-antitrypsin (A1AT) in mouse sera secreted by encapsulated iPS-H/SCs aggregates reached a level comparable to the primary Hum-H/SCs control. Further immunohistochemistry of human albumin in retrieved cell aggregates confirmed the survival and function of iPS-H. This proof-of-concept study provides a simple yet robust approach to improve the engraftment of iPS-H, and may be applicable to many stem cell-based therapies. PMID:26592180

Selective survival of peripheral blood lymphocytes in children with HIV-1 following delivery of an anti-HIV gene to bone marrow CD34(+) cells.

PubMed

Podsakoff, Greg M; Engel, Barbara C; Carbonaro, Denise A; Choi, Chris; Smogorzewska, Elzbieta M; Bauer, Gerhard; Selander, David; Csik, Susan; Wilson, Kathy; Betts, Michael R; Koup, Richard A; Nabel, Gary J; Bishop, Keith; King, Steven; Schmidt, Manfred; von Kalle, Christof; Church, Joseph A; Kohn, Donald B

2005-07-01

Two HIV-1-infected children on antiretroviral therapy were enrolled into a clinical study of retroviral-mediated transfer of a gene that inhibits replication of HIV-1, targeting bone marrow CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Two retroviral vectors were used, one encoding a "humanized" dominant-negative REV protein (huM10) that is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication and one encoding a nontranslated marker gene (FX) to serve as an internal control for the level of gene marking. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) containing the huM10 gene or FX gene were detected by quantitative PCR at frequencies of approximately 1/10,000 in both subjects for the first 1-3 months following re-infusion of the gene-transduced bone marrow, but then were at or below the limits of detection (<1/1,000,000) at most times over 2 years. In one patient, a reappearance of PBMC containing the huM10 gene, but not the FX gene, occurred concomitant with a rise in the HIV-1 viral load during a period of nonadherence to the antiretroviral regimen. Unique clones of gene-marked PBMC were detected by LAM-PCR during the time of elevated HIV-1 levels. These findings indicate that there was a selective survival advantage for PBMC containing the huM10 gene during the time of increased HIV-1 load.

Regional cerebral blood flow for singers and nonsingers while speaking, singing, and humming a rote passage

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Formby, C.; Thomas, R.G.; Halsey, J.H. Jr.

1989-05-01

Two groups of singers (n = 12,13) and a group of nonsingers (n = 12) each produced the national anthem by (1) speaking and (2) singing the words and by (3) humming the melody. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured at rest and during each phonation task from seven areas in each hemisphere by the {sup 133}Xe-inhalation method. Intrahemisphere, interhemisphere, and global rCBF were generally similar across phonation tasks and did not yield appreciable differences among the nonsingers and the singers.

Regional cerebral blood flow for singers and nonsingers while speaking, singing, and humming a rote passage.

PubMed

Formby, C; Thomas, R G; Halsey, J H

1989-05-01

Two groups of singers (n = 12,13) and a group of nonsingers (n = 12) each produced the national anthem by (1) speaking and (2) singing the words and by (3) humming the melody. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured at rest and during each phonation task from seven areas in each hemisphere by the 133Xe-inhalation method. Intrahemisphere, interhemisphere, and global rCBF were generally similar across phonation tasks and did not yield appreciable differences among the nonsingers and the singers.

Screening for Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutations in a Population-Based Sample of Women with Early-Onset Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-09-01

nuclear phosphoprotein. J Biol Chem 271: skipping of fibrillin-1 gene in Marfan syndrome . Nat Genet 33693-33697 16:328-329 Concannon P, Gatti RA (1997...1989) ATFresno: a phenotype linking ataxia-tel- ilnikova OM, Lenoir GM (1998) A BRCA1 nonsense mu- angiectasia with the Nijmegen breakage syndrome ...effectors. Am J Hum Genet 62:269-277 tions and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Am J Hum Genet Hull J, Shackleton S, Harris A (1994) The stop mutation 61:1276

Microbial source tracking and transfer hydrodynamics in rural catchments.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murphy, Sinead; Bhreathnach, Niamh; O'Flaherty, Vincent; Jordan, Philip; Wuertz, Stefan

2013-04-01

In Ireland, bacterial pathogens from continual point source pollution and intermittent pollution from diffuse sources can impact both drinking water supplies and recreational waters. This poses a serious public health threat. Observing and establishing the source of faecal pollution is imperative for the protection of water quality and human health. Traditional culture methods to detect such pollution via faecal indicator bacteria have been widely utilised but do not decipher the source of pollution. To combat this, microbial source tracking, an important emerging molecular tool, is applied to detect host-specific markers in faecally contaminated waters. The aim of this study is to target ruminant and human-specific faecal Bacteroidales and Bacteroides 16S rRNA genes within rural river catchments in Ireland and investigate hydrological transfer dependencies. During storm events and non-storm periods, 1L untreated water samples, taken every 2 hours over a 48-hour time period at the spring (Cregduff) or outlet (Dunleer), and large (5-20L) untreated water samples were collected from two catchment sites. Cregduff is a spring emergence under a grassland karst landscape in Co. Mayo (west coast of Ireland) and Dunleer is a mixed landuse over till soils in Co. Louth (east coast). From a risk assessment point of view, the catchments are very different. Samples were filtered through 0.2µm nitrocellulose filters to concentrate bacterial cells which then underwent chemical extraction of total nucleic acids. Animal and human stool samples were also collected from the catchments to determine assay sensitivity and specificity following nucleic acid extraction. Aquifer response to seasonal events was assessed by monitoring coliforms and E. coli occurrence using the IDEXX Colisure® Quanti Tray®/2000 system in conjunction with chemical and hydrological parameters. Autoanalysers deployed at each catchment monitor multiple water parameters every 10 min such as phosphorus, nitrogen (nitrate), turbidity, conductivity and flow rate. InStat V 3.06 was used to determine correlations between chemical and microbial parameters (P< 0.05 considered significant).There was a positive correlation between E. coli and phosphorus in Cregduff during rain events (p=0.040) & significant correlation for a non-rain periods (<0.001). There was a positive correlation between E. coli and turbidity in Dunleer during rain events (p=0.0008) and in Cregduff during non-rain periods (p=0.0241). The water samples from Dunleer have a higher concentration of phosphorus than in Cregduff. Host specific primers BacCow-UCD, BacHum-UCD, BacUni-UCD and BoBac were then assayed against both faecal and water extracts and quantified using PCR. BacUni-UCD, BacCow-UCD and BoBac detected faecal contamination in three of the four sample sites in Dunleer and BacHum-UCD detected faecal contamination in one of the sites. The concentrations of the BacUni-UCD qPCR assay were higher in the water samples taken from Dunleer outlet than those taken from Cregduff spring. BacCow-UCD and BacHum-UCD qPCR detected low and very low concentrations, respectively, in water from the Dunleer outlet. The concentrations can be seen changing over the hydrograph event. None of the host-specific assays detected pollution in Cregduff. From the results, it can be seen that Dunleer is more subject to contamination than Cregduff.

The Retention of Tank Crewman Skills

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-12-01

omitted since they were being tested in a concurrent study ( Maitland , Eaton, and Neff, 1979). • Selected common tasks (e.g., first aid), covered in...Component Training for Operating and Maintaining the M48A5 Tank. Alexandria, Virginia: Humar Resources Research Organization (HumRRO), 1977. Maitland ...Driver. . . . 43 49 CHARGE IAN -UAL ELEVATION SYSTEM ............ 60 59 35 25 Rotated the manual elevation handle to depress the main gun until the handle

Sustaining Team Performance: A Systems Model\\

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-07-31

member performance of specific behaviors" ( Nivea et al., 1978, p. 59). They have identified four major performance categories, and several performance...within the fire direction center several artillerymen work additively. The number of men in the fire direction center does not add steps to the sequence...Instructional strategies for training men of high and low aptitude. HumRRO-TR-73-10. Alexandria, VA: Human Resources Organization, April 1973. Blum, M.L. and

Feature integration and spatial attention: common processes for endogenous and exogenous orienting.

PubMed

Henderickx, David; Maetens, Kathleen; Soetens, Eric

2010-05-01

Briand (J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 24:1243-1256, 1998) and Briand and Klein (J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 13:228-241, 1987) demonstrated that spatial cueing effects are larger for detecting conjunction of features than for detecting simple features when spatial attention is oriented exogenously, and not when attention is oriented endogenously. Their results were interpreted as if only exogenous attention affects the posterior spatial attention system that performs the feature binding function attributed to spatial attention by Treisman's feature integration theory (FIT; 1980). In a series of 6 experiments, we attempted to replicate Briand's findings. Manipulations of distractor string size and symmetry of stimulus presentation left and right from fixation were implemented in Posner's cueing paradigm. The data indicate that both exogenous and endogenous cueing address the same attentional mechanism needed for feature binding. The results also limit the generalisability of Briand's proposal concerning the role of exogenous attention in feature integration. Furthermore, the importance to control the effect of unintended attentional capture in a cueing task is demonstrated.

A moving hum filter to suppress rotor noise in high-resolution airborne magnetic data

USGS Publications Warehouse

Xia, J.; Doll, W.E.; Miller, R.D.; Gamey, T.J.; Emond, A.M.

2005-01-01

A unique filtering approach is developed to eliminate helicopter rotor noise. It is designed to suppress harmonic noise from a rotor that varies slightly in amplitude, phase, and frequency and that contaminates aero-magnetic data. The filter provides a powerful harmonic noise-suppression tool for data acquired with modern large-dynamic-range recording systems. This three-step approach - polynomial fitting, bandpass filtering, and rotor-noise synthesis - significantly reduces rotor noise without altering the spectra of signals of interest. Two steps before hum filtering - polynomial fitting and bandpass filtering - are critical to accurately model the weak rotor noise. During rotor-noise synthesis, amplitude, phase, and frequency are determined. Data are processed segment by segment so that there is no limit on the length of data. The segment length changes dynamically along a line based on modeling results. Modeling the rotor noise is stable and efficient. Real-world data examples demonstrate that this method can suppress rotor noise by more than 95% when implemented in an aeromagnetic data-processing flow. ?? 2005 Society of Exploration Geophysicists. All rights reserved.

Constitutional von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene deletions detected in VHL families by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

PubMed

Pack, S D; Zbar, B; Pak, E; Ault, D O; Humphrey, J S; Pham, T; Hurley, K; Weil, R J; Park, W S; Kuzmin, I; Stolle, C; Glenn, G; Liotta, L A; Lerman, M I; Klausner, R D; Linehan, W M; Zhuang, Z

1999-11-01

von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an autosomal dominantly inherited cancer syndrome predisposing to a variety of tumor types that include retinal hemangioblastomas, hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system, renal cell carcinomas, pancreatic cysts and tumors, pheochromocytomas, endolymphatic sac tumors, and epididymal cystadenomas [W. M. Linehan et al., J. Am. Med. Assoc., 273: 564-570, 1995; E. A. Maher and W. G. Kaelin, Jr., Medicine (Baltimore), 76: 381-391, 1997; W. M. Linehan and R. D. Klausner, In: B. Vogelstein and K. Kinzler (eds.), The Genetic Basis of Human Cancer, pp. 455-473, McGraw-Hill, 1998]. The VHL gene was localized to chromosome 3p25-26 and cloned [F. Latif et al., Science (Washington DC), 260: 1317-1320, 1993]. Germline mutations in the VHL gene have been detected in the majority of VHL kindreds. The reported frequency of detection of VHL germline mutations has varied from 39 to 80% (J. M. Whaley et al., Am. J. Hum. Genet., 55: 1092-1102, 1994; Clinical Research Group for Japan, Hum. Mol. Genet., 4: 2233-2237, 1995; F. Chen et al., Hum. Mutat., 5: 66-75, 1995; E. R. Maher et al., J. Med. Genet., 33: 328-332, 1996; B. Zbar, Cancer Surv., 25: 219-232, 1995). Recently a quantitative Southern blotting procedure was found to improve this frequency (C. Stolle et al., Hum. Mutat., 12: 417-423, 1998). In the present study, we report the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) as a method to detect and characterize VHL germline deletions. We reexamined a group of VHL patients shown previously by single-strand conformation and sequencing analysis not to harbor point mutations in the VHL locus. We found constitutional deletions in 29 of 30 VHL patients in this group using cosmid and P1 probes that cover the VHL locus. We then tested six phenotypically normal offspring from four of these VHL families: two were found to carry the deletion and the other four were deletion-free. In addition, germline mosaicism of the VHL gene was identified in one family. In sum, FISH was found to be a simple and reliable method to detect VHL germline deletions and practically useful in cases where other methods of screening have failed to detect a VHL gene abnormality.

mLASSO-Hum: A LASSO-based interpretable human-protein subcellular localization predictor.

PubMed

Wan, Shibiao; Mak, Man-Wai; Kung, Sun-Yuan

2015-10-07

Knowing the subcellular compartments of human proteins is essential to shed light on the mechanisms of a broad range of human diseases. In computational methods for protein subcellular localization, knowledge-based methods (especially gene ontology (GO) based methods) are known to perform better than sequence-based methods. However, existing GO-based predictors often lack interpretability and suffer from overfitting due to the high dimensionality of feature vectors. To address these problems, this paper proposes an interpretable multi-label predictor, namely mLASSO-Hum, which can yield sparse and interpretable solutions for large-scale prediction of human protein subcellular localization. By using the one-vs-rest LASSO-based classifiers, 87 out of more than 8000 GO terms are found to play more significant roles in determining the subcellular localization. Based on these 87 essential GO terms, we can decide not only where a protein resides within a cell, but also why it is located there. To further exploit information from the remaining GO terms, a method based on the GO hierarchical information derived from the depth distance of GO terms is proposed. Experimental results show that mLASSO-Hum performs significantly better than state-of-the-art predictors. We also found that in addition to the GO terms from the cellular component category, GO terms from the other two categories also play important roles in the final classification decisions. For readers' convenience, the mLASSO-Hum server is available online at http://bioinfo.eie.polyu.edu.hk/mLASSOHumServer/. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Characterization and Comparison of Vibration Transfer Paths in a Helicopter Gearbox and a Fixture Mounted Gearbox

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Islam, Akm Anwarul; Dempsey, Paula J.; Feldman, Jason; Larsen, Chris

2014-01-01

Health monitoring of rotorcraft components, currently being performed by Health and Usage Monitoring Systems through analyses of vibration signatures of dynamic mechanical components, is very important for their safe and economic operation. HUMS analyze vibration signatures associated with faults and quantify them as condition indicators to predict component behavior. Vibration transfer paths are characterized by frequency response functions derived from the input/output relationship between applied force and dynamic response through a structure as a function of frequency. With an objective to investigate the differences in transfer paths, transfer path measurements were recorded under similar conditions in the left and right nose gearboxes of an AH-64 helicopter and in an isolated left nose gearbox in a test fixture at NASA Glenn Research Center. The test fixture enabled the application of measured torques-common during an actual operation. An impact hammer as well as commercial and lab piezo shakers, were used in conjunction with two types of commercially available accelerometers to collect the vibration response under various test conditions. The frequency response functions measured under comparable conditions of both systems were found to be consistent. Measurements made on the fixture indicated certain real-world installation and maintenance issues, such as sensor alignments, accelerometer locations and installation torques, had minimal effect. However, gear vibration transfer path dynamics appeared to be somewhat dependent on the presence of oil, and the transfer path dynamics were notably different if the force input was on the internal ring gear rather than on the external gearbox case.

Moment Tensor Analysis of Shallow Sources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chiang, A.; Dreger, D. S.; Ford, S. R.; Walter, W. R.; Yoo, S. H.

2015-12-01

A potential issue for moment tensor inversion of shallow seismic sources is that some moment tensor components have vanishing amplitudes at the free surface, which can result in bias in the moment tensor solution. The effects of the free-surface on the stability of the moment tensor method becomes important as we continue to investigate and improve the capabilities of regional full moment tensor inversion for source-type identification and discrimination. It is important to understand these free surface effects on discriminating shallow explosive sources for nuclear monitoring purposes. It may also be important in natural systems that have shallow seismicity such as volcanoes and geothermal systems. In this study, we apply the moment tensor based discrimination method to the HUMMING ALBATROSS quarry blasts. These shallow chemical explosions at approximately 10 m depth and recorded up to several kilometers distance represent rather severe source-station geometry in terms of vanishing traction issues. We show that the method is capable of recovering a predominantly explosive source mechanism, and the combined waveform and first motion method enables the unique discrimination of these events. Recovering the correct yield using seismic moment estimates from moment tensor inversion remains challenging but we can begin to put error bounds on our moment estimates using the NSS technique.

Auditory-motor interaction revealed by fMRI: speech, music, and working memory in area Spt.

PubMed

Hickok, Gregory; Buchsbaum, Bradley; Humphries, Colin; Muftuler, Tugan

2003-07-01

The concept of auditory-motor interaction pervades speech science research, yet the cortical systems supporting this interface have not been elucidated. Drawing on experimental designs used in recent work in sensory-motor integration in the cortical visual system, we used fMRI in an effort to identify human auditory regions with both sensory and motor response properties, analogous to single-unit responses in known visuomotor integration areas. The sensory phase of the task involved listening to speech (nonsense sentences) or music (novel piano melodies); the "motor" phase of the task involved covert rehearsal/humming of the auditory stimuli. A small set of areas in the superior temporal and temporal-parietal cortex responded both during the listening phase and the rehearsal/humming phase. A left lateralized region in the posterior Sylvian fissure at the parietal-temporal boundary, area Spt, showed particularly robust responses to both phases of the task. Frontal areas also showed combined auditory + rehearsal responsivity consistent with the claim that the posterior activations are part of a larger auditory-motor integration circuit. We hypothesize that this circuit plays an important role in speech development as part of the network that enables acoustic-phonetic input to guide the acquisition of language-specific articulatory-phonetic gestures; this circuit may play a role in analogous musical abilities. In the adult, this system continues to support aspects of speech production, and, we suggest, supports verbal working memory.

Altered Cross-Linking of HSP27 by Zerumbone as a Novel Strategy for Overcoming HSP27-Mediated Radioresistance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Choi, Seo-Hyun; School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul; Lee, Yoon-Jin

Purpose: HSP27 or HSP25 negatively regulates apoptosis pathways after radiation or chemotherapeutic agents. Abrogation of HSP27 function may be a candidate target for overcoming radio- and chemoresistance. Methods and Materials: Zerumbone (ZER), a cytotoxic component isolated from Zingiber zerumbet smith. Clonogenic survival assay and flow cytometry after Annexin V staining were performed to determine in vitro sensitization effects of ZER with ionizing radiation. A nude mouse xenografting system was also applied to detect in vivo radiosensitizing effects of ZER. Results: ZER produced cross-linking of HSP27, which was dependent on inhibition of the monomeric form of HSP27. ZER was directly insertedmore » between the disulfide bond in the HSP27 dimer and modified normal HSP27 dimerization. Pretreatment with ZER before radiation inhibited the binding affinity between HSP27 and apoptotic molecules, such as cytochrome c and PKC{delta}, and induced sensitization in vitro and in an in vivo xenografted nude mouse system. Structural analogs lacking only the carbonyl group in ZER, such as {alpha}-humulene (HUM) and 8-hydroxy-humulen (8-OH-HUM), did not affect normal cross-linking of HSP27 and did not induce radiosensitization. Conclusions: We suggest that altered cross-linking of HSP27 by ZER is a good strategy for abolishing HSP27-mediated resistance.« less

Altered cross-linking of HSP27 by zerumbone as a novel strategy for overcoming HSP27-mediated radioresistance.

PubMed

Choi, Seo-Hyun; Lee, Yoon-Jin; Seo, Woo Duck; Lee, Hae-June; Nam, Joo-Won; Lee, Yoo Jin; Kim, Joon; Seo, Eun-Kyoung; Lee, Yun-Sil

2011-03-15

HSP27 or HSP25 negatively regulates apoptosis pathways after radiation or chemotherapeutic agents. Abrogation of HSP27 function may be a candidate target for overcoming radio- and chemoresistance. Zerumbone (ZER), a cytotoxic component isolated from Zingiber zerumbet smith. Clonogenic survival assay and flow cytometry after Annexin V staining were performed to determine in vitro sensitization effects of ZER with ionizing radiation. A nude mouse xenografting system was also applied to detect in vivo radiosensitizing effects of ZER. ZER produced cross-linking of HSP27, which was dependent on inhibition of the monomeric form of HSP27. ZER was directly inserted between the disulfide bond in the HSP27 dimer and modified normal HSP27 dimerization. Pretreatment with ZER before radiation inhibited the binding affinity between HSP27 and apoptotic molecules, such as cytochrome c and PKCδ, and induced sensitization in vitro and in an in vivo xenografted nude mouse system. Structural analogs lacking only the carbonyl group in ZER, such as α-humulene (HUM) and 8-hydroxy-humulen (8-OH-HUM), did not affect normal cross-linking of HSP27 and did not induce radiosensitization. We suggest that altered cross-linking of HSP27 by ZER is a good strategy for abolishing HSP27-mediated resistance. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Preparing Safety Cases for Operating Outside Prescriptive Fatigue Risk Management Regulations.

PubMed

Gander, Philippa; Mangie, Jim; Wu, Lora; van den Berg, Margo; Signal, Leigh; Phillips, Adrienne

2017-07-01

Transport operators seeking to operate outside prescriptive fatigue management regulations are typically required to present a safety case justifying how they will manage the associated risk. This paper details a method for constructing a successful safety case. The method includes four elements: 1) scope (prescriptive rules and operations affected); 2) risk assessment; 3) risk mitigation strategies; and 4) monitoring ongoing risk. A successful safety case illustrates this method. It enables landing pilots in 3-pilot crews to choose the second or third in-flight rest break, rather than the regulatory requirement to take the third break. Scope was defined using a month of scheduled flights that would be covered (N = 4151). These were analyzed in the risk assessment using existing literature on factors affecting fatigue to estimate the maximum time awake at top of descent and sleep opportunities in each break. Additionally, limited data collected before the new regulations showed that pilots flying at landing chose the third break on only 6% of flights. A prospective survey comparing subjective reports (N = 280) of sleep in the second vs. third break and fatigue and sleepiness ratings at top of descent confirmed that the third break is not consistently superior. The safety case also summarized established systems for fatigue monitoring, risk assessment and hazard identification, and multiple fatigue mitigation strategies that are in place. Other successful safety cases have used this method. The evidence required depends on the expected level of risk and should evolve as experience with fatigue risk management systems builds.Gander P, Mangie J, Wu L, van den Berg M, Signal L, Phillips A. Preparing safety cases for operating outside prescriptive fatigue risk management regulations. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(7):688-696.

A Generalized Machine Fault Detection Method Using Unified Change Detection

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-02

SOCIETY 2014 11 of the extension shaft. It can be induced by a lack of tightening torque of the end-nut and consequently causes a load...Test Facility (HTTF). The objective of the study was to provide HUMS systems with the capability to detect the loss of tightening torque of the end...from pinion SSA (at Ring-Front sensor & cruise power) change signal with cross-over at 75th shaft order Ten end-nut tightening torques were used in

Making sense: Dopamine activates conscious self‐monitoring through medial prefrontal cortex

PubMed Central

Joensson, Morten; Thomsen, Kristine Rømer; Andersen, Lau M.; Gross, Joachim; Mouridsen, Kim; Sandberg, Kristian; Østergaard, Leif

2015-01-01

Abstract When experiences become meaningful to the self, they are linked to synchronous activity in a paralimbic network of self‐awareness and dopaminergic activity. This network includes medial prefrontal and medial parietal/posterior cingulate cortices, where transcranial magnetic stimulation may transiently impair self‐awareness. Conversely, we hypothesize that dopaminergic stimulation may improve self‐awareness and metacognition (i.e., the ability of the brain to consciously monitor its own cognitive processes). Here, we demonstrate improved noetic (conscious) metacognition by oral administration of 100 mg dopamine in minimal self‐awareness. In a separate experiment with extended self‐awareness dopamine improved the retrieval accuracy of memories of self‐judgment (autonoetic, i.e., explicitly self‐conscious) metacognition. Concomitantly, magnetoencephalography (MEG) showed increased amplitudes of oscillations (power) preferentially in the medial prefrontal cortex. Given that electromagnetic activity in this region is instrumental in self‐awareness, this explains the specific effect of dopamine on explicit self‐awareness and autonoetic metacognition. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1866–1877, 2015. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.. PMID:25627861

Extremely High Peak Power Pulsed RF and UWB EMR Effects on Genomic Transcription - Microarray Assessment

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-06-26

Homo sapiens decorin variant C mRNA, complete cds. 2.117 PKNOX2 HUM408A08B Human fetal brain (TFujiwara) Homo sapiens cDNA clone GEN -408A08 5’, mRNA...mRNA, complete cds. 2.117 PKNOX2 HUM408A08B Human fetal brain (TFujiwara) Homo sapiens cDNA clone GEN -408A08 5’, mRNA sequence. 2.076 SEC23B...RAS oncogene family ; RAB33B, member RAS oncogene family 205300_s_at 0.37 U1SNRNPBP U11/U12 snRNP 35K 220728_at 0.349 218689_at 0.342 FANCF Fanconi

Moment tensor analysis of very shallow sources

DOE PAGES

Chiang, Andrea; Dreger, Douglas S.; Ford, Sean R.; ...

2016-10-11

An issue for moment tensor (MT) inversion of shallow seismic sources is that some components of the Green’s functions have vanishing amplitudes at the free surface, which can result in bias in the MT solution. The effects of the free surface on the stability of the MT method become important as we continue to investigate and improve the capabilities of regional full MT inversion for source–type identification and discrimination. It is important to understand free–surface effects on discriminating shallow explosive sources for nuclear monitoring purposes. It may also be important in natural systems that have very shallow seismicity, such asmore » volcanic and geothermal systems. We examine the effects of the free surface on the MT via synthetic testing and apply the MT–based discrimination method to three quarry blasts from the HUMMING ALBATROSS experiment. These shallow chemical explosions at ~10 m depth and recorded up to several kilometers distance represent rather severe source–station geometry in terms of free–surface effects. We show that the method is capable of recovering a predominantly explosive source mechanism, and the combined waveform and first–motion method enables the unique discrimination of these events. Furthermore, recovering the design yield using seismic moment estimates from MT inversion remains challenging, but we can begin to put error bounds on our moment estimates using the network sensitivity solution technique.« less

Development and validation of the Healthy-Unhealthy Music Scale

PubMed Central

Saarikallio, Suvi; Gold, Christian; McFerran, Katrina

2015-01-01

Background Music is an integral part of life in youth, and although it has been acknowledged that musical behavior reflects broader psychosocial aspects of adolescent behavior, no measurement instruments have been specifically designed for assessing musical engagement as an indicator of adolescent wellbeing and/or symptomatology. This study was conducted in order to develop and validate a scale for assessing musical engagement as an indicator of proneness for depression in youth. Method Items were developed based on the literature and a prior grounded theory analysis and three surveys (N = 54, N = 187, N = 211) were conducted to select, refine, test, and validate the items. Scale structure was investigated through interitem correlations, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA, CFA), and concurrent validity was tested with correlations to depression and wellbeing. Results The final Healthy-Unhealthy Music Scale (HUMS) consists of 13 items that are divided into Healthy and Unhealthy subscales. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were .78 for Healthy and .83 for Unhealthy. The concurrent validity of the HUMS was confirmed through correlations to wellbeing, happiness and school satisfaction on one hand and depression, rumination, and stress on the other. Conclusions The HUMS is as a promising instrument for screening musical engagement that is indicative of proneness for depression in youth. PMID:26726295

Moon meteoritic seismic hum: Steady state prediction

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lognonne, P.; Feuvre, M.L.; Johnson, C.L.; Weber, R.C.

2009-01-01

We use three different statistical models describing the frequency of meteoroid impacts on Earth to estimate the seismic background noise due to impacts on the lunar surface. Because of diffraction, seismic events on the Moon are typically characterized by long codas, lasting 1 h or more. We find that the small but frequent impacts generate seismic signals whose codas overlap in time, resulting in a permanent seismic noise that we term the "lunar hum" by analogy with the Earth's continuous seismic background seismic hum. We find that the Apollo era impact detection rates and amplitudes are well explained by a model that parameterizes (1) the net seismic impulse due to the impactor and resulting ejecta and (2) the effects of diffraction and attenuation. The formulation permits the calculation of a composite waveform at any point on the Moon due to simulated impacts at any epicentral distance. The root-mean-square amplitude of this waveform yields a background noise level that is about 100 times lower than the resolution of the Apollo long-period seismometers. At 2 s periods, this noise level is more than 1000 times lower than the low noise model prediction for Earth's microseismic noise. Sufficiently sensitive seismometers will allow the future detection of several impacts per day at body wave frequencies. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.

Precise and in situ genetic humanization of 6 Mb of mouse immunoglobulin genes.

PubMed

Macdonald, Lynn E; Karow, Margaret; Stevens, Sean; Auerbach, Wojtek; Poueymirou, William T; Yasenchak, Jason; Frendewey, David; Valenzuela, David M; Giallourakis, Cosmas C; Alt, Frederick W; Yancopoulos, George D; Murphy, Andrew J

2014-04-08

Genetic humanization, which involves replacing mouse genes with their human counterparts, can create powerful animal models for the study of human genes and diseases. One important example of genetic humanization involves mice humanized for their Ig genes, allowing for human antibody responses within a mouse background (HumAb mice) and also providing a valuable platform for the generation of fully human antibodies as therapeutics. However, existing HumAb mice do not have fully functional immune systems, perhaps because of the manner in which they were genetically humanized. Heretofore, most genetic humanizations have involved disruption of the endogenous mouse gene with simultaneous introduction of a human transgene at a new and random location (so-called KO-plus-transgenic humanization). More recent efforts have attempted to replace mouse genes with their human counterparts at the same genetic location (in situ humanization), but such efforts involved laborious procedures and were limited in size and precision. We describe a general and efficient method for very large, in situ, and precise genetic humanization using large compound bacterial artificial chromosome-based targeting vectors introduced into mouse ES cells. We applied this method to genetically humanize 3-Mb segments of both the mouse heavy and κ light chain Ig loci, by far the largest genetic humanizations ever described. This paper provides a detailed description of our genetic humanization approach, and the companion paper reports that the humoral immune systems of mice bearing these genetically humanized loci function as efficiently as those of WT mice.

Towards a global-scale ambient noise cross-correlation data base

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ermert, Laura; Fichtner, Andreas; Sleeman, Reinoud

2014-05-01

We aim to obtain a global-scale data base of ambient seismic noise correlations. This database - to be made publicly available at ORFEUS - will enable us to study the distribution of microseismic and hum sources, and to perform multi-scale full waveform inversion for crustal and mantle structure. Ambient noise tomography has developed into a standard technique. According to theory, cross-correlations equal inter-station Green's functions only if the wave field is equipartitioned or the sources are isotropically distributed. In an attempt to circumvent these assumptions, we aim to investigate possibilities to directly model noise cross-correlations and invert for their sources using adjoint techniques. A data base containing correlations of 'gently' preprocessed noise, excluding preprocessing steps which are explicitly taken to reduce the influence of a non-isotropic source distribution like spectral whitening, is a key ingredient in this undertaking. Raw data are acquired from IRIS/FDSN and ORFEUS. We preprocess and correlate the time series using a tool based on the Python package Obspy which is run in parallel on a cluster of the Swiss National Supercomputing Centre. Correlation is done in two ways: Besides the classical cross-correlation function, the phase cross-correlation is calculated, which is an amplitude-independent measure of waveform similarity and therefore insensitive to high-energy events. Besides linear stacks of these correlations, instantaneous phase stacks are calculated which can be applied as optional weight, enhancing coherent portions of the traces and facilitating the emergence of a meaningful signal. The _STS1 virtual network by IRIS contains about 250 globally distributed stations, several of which have been operating for more than 20 years. It is the first data collection we will use for correlations in the hum frequency range, as the STS-1 instrument response is flat in the largest part of the period range where hum is observed, up to a period of about 300 seconds. Thus they provide us with the best-suited measurements for hum.

Hum-mPLoc 3.0: prediction enhancement of human protein subcellular localization through modeling the hidden correlations of gene ontology and functional domain features.

PubMed

Zhou, Hang; Yang, Yang; Shen, Hong-Bin

2017-03-15

Protein subcellular localization prediction has been an important research topic in computational biology over the last decade. Various automatic methods have been proposed to predict locations for large scale protein datasets, where statistical machine learning algorithms are widely used for model construction. A key step in these predictors is encoding the amino acid sequences into feature vectors. Many studies have shown that features extracted from biological domains, such as gene ontology and functional domains, can be very useful for improving the prediction accuracy. However, domain knowledge usually results in redundant features and high-dimensional feature spaces, which may degenerate the performance of machine learning models. In this paper, we propose a new amino acid sequence-based human protein subcellular location prediction approach Hum-mPLoc 3.0, which covers 12 human subcellular localizations. The sequences are represented by multi-view complementary features, i.e. context vocabulary annotation-based gene ontology (GO) terms, peptide-based functional domains, and residue-based statistical features. To systematically reflect the structural hierarchy of the domain knowledge bases, we propose a novel feature representation protocol denoted as HCM (Hidden Correlation Modeling), which will create more compact and discriminative feature vectors by modeling the hidden correlations between annotation terms. Experimental results on four benchmark datasets show that HCM improves prediction accuracy by 5-11% and F 1 by 8-19% compared with conventional GO-based methods. A large-scale application of Hum-mPLoc 3.0 on the whole human proteome reveals proteins co-localization preferences in the cell. www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/Hum-mPLoc3/. hbshen@sjtu.edu.cn. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com

Impact of parental relationships in maximum lod score affected sib-pair method.

PubMed

Leutenegger, Anne-Louise; Génin, Emmanuelle; Thompson, Elizabeth A; Clerget-Darpoux, Françoise

2002-11-01

Many studies are done in small isolated populations and populations where marriages between relatives are encouraged. In this paper, we point out some problems with applying the maximum lod score (MLS) method (Risch, [1990] Am. J. Hum. Genet. 46:242-253) in these populations where relationships exist between the two parents of the affected sib-pairs. Characterizing the parental relationships by the kinship coefficient between the parents (f), the maternal inbreeding coefficient (alpha(m), and the paternal inbreeding coefficient (alpha(p)), we explored the relationship between the identity by descent (IBD) vector expected under the null hypothesis of no linkage and these quantities. We find that the expected IBD vector is no longer (0.25, 0.5, 0.25) when f, alpha(m), and alpha(p) differ from zero. In addition, the expected IBD vector does not always follow the triangle constraints recommended by Holmans ([1993] Am. J. Hum. Genet. 52:362-374). So the classically used MLS statistic needs to be adapted to the presence of parental relationships. We modified the software GENEHUNTER (Kruglyak et al. [1996] Am. J. Hum. Genet. 58: 1347-1363) to do so. Indeed, the current version of the software does not compute the likelihood properly under the null hypothesis. We studied the adapted statistic by simulating data on three different family structures: (1) parents are double first cousins (f=0.125, alpha(m)=alpha(p)=0), (2) each parent is the offspring of first cousins (f=0, alpha(m)=alpha(p)=0.0625), and (3) parents are related as in the pedigree from Goddard et al. ([1996] Am. J. Hum. Genet. 58:1286-1302) (f=0.109, alpha(m)=alpha(p)=0.0625). The appropriate threshold needs to be derived for each case in order to get the correct type I error. And using the classical statistic in the presence of both parental kinship and parental inbreeding almost always leads to false conclusions. Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Correlations between soil respiration and soil properties in sugarcane areas under green and slash-and-burn management systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodrigo Panosso, Alan; Milori, Débora M. B. P.; Marques Júnior, José; Martin-Neto, Ladislau; La Scala, Newton, Jr.

2010-05-01

Soil management causes changes in soil physical, chemical, and biological properties that consequently affect its CO2 emission. In this work we studied soil respiration (FCO2) in areas with sugarcane production in southern Brazil under two different sugarcane management systems: green (G), consisting of mechanized harvesting that produces a large amount of crop residues left on the soil surface, and slash-and-burn (SB), in which the residues are burned before manual harvest, leaving no residues on the soil surface. The study was conducted after the harvest period in two side-by-side grids installed in adjacent areas, having 20 measurement points each. The objective of this work was to determinate whether soil physical and chemical properties within each plot were useful in order to explain the spatial variability of FCO2, supposedly influence by each management system. Most of the soil physical properties studied showed no significant differences between management systems, but on the other hand most of the chemical properties differed significantly when SB and G areas were compared. Total FCO2 was 31% higher in the SB plot (729 g CO2 m-2) when compared to the G plot (557 g CO2 m-2) throughout the 70-day period after harvest studied. This seems to be related to the sensitivity of FCO2 to precipitation events, as respiration in this plot increased significantly with increases in soil moisture. Despite temporal variability showed to be positively related to soil moisture, inside each management system there was a negative correlation (p<0.01) between the spatial changes of FCO2 and soil moisture (MS), R= -0.56 and -0.59 for G and SB respectively. There was no spatial correlation between FCO2 and soil organic matter in each management system, however, the humification index (Hum) of organic matter was negatively linear correlated with FCO2 in SB (R= -0.53, p<0.05) while positively linear correlated in G area (R=0.42, p<0.10). The multiple regression model analysis applied in each management system indicates that 63% of the FCO2 spatial variability in G managed could be explained by the model: FCO2(G)= 4.11978 -0.07672MS + 0.0045Hum +1.5352K -0.04474FWP, where K and FWP are potassium content and free water porosity in G area, respectively. On the other hand, 75% of FCO2 spatial variability in SB managed plot was accounted by the model: FCO2(SB) = 10.66774 -0.08624MS -0.02904Hum -2.42548K. Therefore, soil moisture, humification index of organic matter and potassium level were the main properties able to explain the spatial variability of FCO2 in both sugarcane management systems. This result indicates that changes in sugarcane management systems could result in changes on the soil chemical properties, mostly, especially humification index of organic matter. It seems that in conversion from slash-and-burn to green harvest system, free water porosity turns to be an important aspect in order to explain part of FCO2 spatial variability in green managed system.

Validation of an integrative mathematical model of dehydration and rehydration in virtual humans.

PubMed

Pruett, W Andrew; Clemmer, John S; Hester, Robert L

2016-11-01

Water homeostasis is one of the body's most critical tasks. Physical challenges to the body, including exercise and surgery, almost always coordinate with some change in water handling reflecting the changing needs of the body. Vasopressin is the most important hormone that contributes to short-term water homeostasis. By manipulating vascular tone and regulating water reabsorption in the collecting duct of the kidneys, vasopressin can mediate the retention or loss of fluids quickly. In this study, we validated HumMod, an integrative mathematical model of human physiology, against six different challenges to water homeostasis with special attention to the secretion of vasopressin and maintenance of electrolyte balance. The studies chosen were performed in normal men and women, and represent a broad spectrum of perturbations. HumMod successfully replicated the experimental results, remaining within 1 standard deviation of the experimental means in 138 of 161 measurements. Only three measurements lay outside of the second standard deviation. Observations were made on serum osmolarity, serum vasopressin concentration, serum sodium concentration, urine osmolarity, serum protein concentration, hematocrit, and cumulative water intake following dehydration. This validation suggests that HumMod can be used to understand water homeostasis under a variety of conditions. © 2016 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.

Genetics Home Reference: permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus

MedlinePlus

... AL. Update on mutations in glucokinase (GCK), which cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young, permanent neonatal diabetes, and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Hum Mutat. 2009 Nov;30(11):1512-26. ...

Signal conditioning units for vibration measurement in HUMS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Kaizhi; Liu, Tingting; Yu, Zirong; Chen, Lijuan; Huang, Xinjie

2018-03-01

A signal conditioning units for vibration measurement in HUMS is proposed in the paper. Due to the frequency of vibrations caused by components in helicopter are different, two steps amplifier and programmable anti-aliasing filter are designed to meet the measurement of different types of helicopter. Vibration signals are converted into measurable electrical signals combing with ICP driver firstly. Then pre-amplifier and programmable gain amplifier is applied to magnify the weak electrical signals. In addition, programmable anti-aliasing filter is utilized to filter the interference of noise. The units were tested using function signal generator and oscilloscope. The experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed method in quantitatively and qualitatively. The method presented in this paper can meet the measurement requirement for different types of helicopter.

Near Stall Flow Analysis in the Transonic Fan of the RTA Propulsion System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hah, Chunill

2010-01-01

Turbine-based propulsion systems for access to space have been investigated at NASA Glenn Research center. A ground demonstrator engine for validation testing has been developed as a part of the program. The demonstrator, the Revolutionary Turbine Accelerator (RTA-1), is a variable cycle turbofan ramjet designed to transition from an augmented turbofan to a ramjet that produces the thrust required to accelerate the vehicle to Mach 4. The RTA-1 is designed to accommodate a large variation in bypass ratio from sea level static to Mach 4 flight condition. A key component of this engine is a new fan stage that accommodates these large variations in bypass ratio and flow ranges. In the present study, unsteady flow behavior in the fan of the RTA-1 is studied in detail with large eddy simulation (LES) and the numerical results are compared with measured data. During the experimental study of the fan stage, humming sound was detected at 100 % speed near stall operation. The main purpose of the study is to investigate details of the unsteady flow behavior at near stall operation and to identify a possible cause of the hum. The large eddy simulation of the current flow field reproduces main features of the measured flow very well. The LES simulation indicates that non-synchronous flow instability develops as the fan operates toward the stall limit. The FFT analysis of the calculated wall pressure shows that the rotating flow instability has the characteristic frequency that is about 50% of the blade passing frequency.

A humming retrieval system based on music fingerprint

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Han, Xingkai; Cao, Baiyu

2011-10-01

In this paper, we proposed an improved music information retrieval method utilizing the music fingerprint. The goal of this method is to represent the music with compressed musical information. Based on the selected MIDI files, which are generated automatically as our music target database, we evaluate the accuracy, effectiveness, and efficiency of this method. In this research we not only extract the feature sequence, which can represent the file effectively, from the query and melody database, but also make it possible for retrieving the results in an innovative way. We investigate on the influence of noise to the performance of our system. As experimental result shows, the retrieval accuracy arriving at up to91% without noise is pretty well

Genetics Home Reference: sialuria

MedlinePlus

... inheritance of sialuria, an inborn error of feedback inhibition. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6): ... Links Data Files & API Site Map Subscribe Customer Support USA.gov Copyright Privacy Accessibility FOIA Viewers & Players ...

Acoustic measurements of the 1999 basaltic eruption of Shishaldin volcano, Alaska 2. Precursor to the Subplinian phase

USGS Publications Warehouse

Vergniolle, S.; Caplan-Auerbach, J.

2004-01-01

The 1999 eruption of Shishaldin volcano (Alaska, USA) displayed both Strombolian and Subplinian basaltic activity. The Subplinian phase was preceded by a signal of low amplitude and constant frequency (??? 2 Hz) lasting 13 h. This "humming signal" is interpreted as the coalescence of the very shallow part of a foam building up in the conduit, which produces large gas bubbles before bursting. The acoustic waveform of the hum event is modelled by a Helmholtz resonator: gas is trapped into a rigid cavity and can only escape through a tiny upper hole producing sound waves. At Shishaldin, the radius of the hole (??? 5 m) is close to that of the conduit (??? 6 m), the cavity has a length of ??? 60 m, and gas presents only a small overpressure between (??? 1.2 ?? 10-3 and 4.5 ?? 10-3 MPa). Such an overpressure is obtained by the partial coalescence of a foam formed by bubbles with a diameter from ??? 2.3 mm at the beginning of the episode towards ??? 0.64 mm very close to the end of the phase. The intermittency between hum events is explained by the ripening of the foam induced by the H2O diffusion through the liquid films. The two extreme values, from 600 to 10 s, correspond to a bubble diameter from 2.2 to 0.3 mm at the beginning and end of the pre-Subplinian phase, respectively. The extremely good agreement between two independent estimates of bubble diameters in the shallow foam reinforces the validity of such an interpretation. The total gas volume lost at the surface during the humming events is at most 5.9 ?? 106 m3. At the very end of the pre-Subplinian phase, there is a single large bubble with an overpressure of ???0.42 MPa. The large overpressure suggests that it comes from significant depth, unlike other bubbles in the pre-Subplinian phase. This deep bubble may be responsible for the entire foam collapse, resulting in the Subplinian phase. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Genetics Home Reference: prolidase deficiency

MedlinePlus

... mutations as a tool to investigate structure-function relationship. J Hum Genet. 2004;49(9):500-6. ... for Links Data Files & API Site Map Subscribe Customer Support USA.gov Copyright Privacy Accessibility FOIA Viewers & ...

Better Ear Health

MedlinePlus

... loss related to otitis media can be alleviated. Tinnitus Tinnitus is the medical name indicating “ringing in the ... loud roaring to clicking, humming, or buzzing. Most tinnitus comes from damage to the microscopic endings of ...

The Amateur Scientist.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walker, Jearl

1984-01-01

Discusses how to stop a spinning object (such as rotating fan blades) by humming and the perception of curious blue arcs around a light. Background information, relevant research, and activities related to these two topics are provided. (JN)

Genetics Home Reference: recurrent hydatidiform mole

MedlinePlus

... Rashid Y, Sheridan E, Bonthron DT. Genetic and epigenetic analysis of recurrent hydatidiform mole. Hum Mutat. 2009 ... on PubMed Nguyen NM, Slim R. Genetics and Epigenetics of Recurrent Hydatidiform Moles: Basic Science and Genetic ...

Genetics Home Reference: fumarase deficiency

MedlinePlus

... C, Knape M, Zierz S, Gellerich FN. Molecular and biochemical investigations in fumarase deficiency. Mol Genet Metab. 2006 ... Y, Toulhoat H, de Lonlay P. Clinical and biochemical heterogeneity associated with fumarase deficiency. Hum Mutat. 2011 ...

Genetics Home Reference: dihydropyrimidinase deficiency

MedlinePlus

... microcephaly ) and autistic behaviors that affect communication and social interaction also occur in some individuals with this condition. ... organization, chromosomal localization, and mutation analysis of the human dihydropyrimidinase gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Sep; ...

Pervasive access to MRI bias artifact suppression service on a grid.

PubMed

Ardizzone, Edoardo; Gambino, Orazio; Genco, Alessandro; Pirrone, Roberto; Sorce, Salvatore

2009-01-01

Bias artifact corrupts MRIs in such a way that the image is afflicted by illumination variations. Some of the authors proposed the exponential entropy-driven homomorphic unsharp masking ( E(2)D-HUM) algorithm that corrects this artifact without any a priori hypothesis about the tissues or the MRI modality. Moreover, E(2)D-HUM does not care about the body part under examination and does not require any particular training task. People who want to use this algorithm, which is Matlab-based, have to set their own computers in order to execute it. Furthermore, they have to be Matlab-skilled to exploit all the features of the algorithm. In this paper, we propose to make such algorithm available as a service on a grid infrastructure, so that people can use it almost from everywhere, in a pervasive fashion, by means of a suitable user interface running on smartphones. The proposed solution allows physicians to use the E(2)D-HUM algorithm (or any other kind of algorithm, given that it is available as a service on the grid), being it remotely executed somewhere in the grid, and the results are sent back to the user's device. This way, physicians do not need to be aware of how to use Matlab to process their images. The pervasive service provision for medical image enhancement is presented, along with some experimental results obtained using smartphones connected to an existing Globus-based grid infrastructure.

Evidence for -Gz Adaptation Observed with Wearable Biosensors During High Performance Jet Flight.

PubMed

Rice, G Merrill; Snider, Dallas; Moore, Jeffrey L; Lavan, J Timothy; Folga, Rich; VanBrunt, Thomas B

2016-12-01

Few studies have evaluated physiological responses to high acceleration forces during actual flight and to our knowledge no normative data has been acquired by technologies such as wearable biosensors during high performance jet aircraft operations. In-flight physiological data from an FDA cleared portable triaxial accelerometer and bio-sensor were observed from five active duty F-18 pilots of the Naval Flight Demonstration Squadron (Blue Angels). Of the five pilots, three were formation pilots who flew lower G profiles and two were solo pilots who flew higher G profiles. Physiological parameters monitored were heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, caloric expenditure, and duration of exposure to levels of acceleration. Evaluated were 25 practice demonstration flights; 9 flights were excluded secondary to incomplete or inaccurate physiological data. We observed no significant bradycardia during a total of 189 maneuvers which met inclusion criteria for push-pull events (PPE) or isolated -Gz exposures. Further analysis of 73 PPE revealed an overall significant rise in HR following the PPE, where mean heart rate was 106 (95% CI, 100:112) at the beginning of the push and 129 (95% CI, 123:135) following the pull. A majority of the flights monitored provided reliable physiological data. Initial data suggests, contrary to currently held aeromedical doctrine, maneuvers such as the "push-pull" do not evoke vasovagal based bradycardic responses in aerobatic pilots. Possible explanations for these findings are sympathetic nervous system activation through adaptation and/or sustained isometric resistance from control inputs, both of which are areas of future research for our team.Rice GM, Snider D, Moore JL, Lavan JT, Folga R, VanBrunt TB. Evidence for -Gz adaptation observed with wearable biosensors during high performance jet flight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(12):996-1003.

Genetics Home Reference: autosomal recessive primary microcephaly

MedlinePlus

... microcephaly (MCPH): a review of clinical, molecular, and evolutionary findings. Am J Hum Genet. 2005 May;76( ... genome editing and CRISPR-Cas9? What is precision medicine? What is newborn screening? New Pages Alopecia areata ...

Genetics Home Reference: Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia

MedlinePlus

... A, Le Merrer M, Cormier-Daire V. A gene responsible for Ghosal hemato-diaphyseal dysplasia maps to chromosome 7q33-34. Hum Genet. ... are genome editing and CRISPR-Cas9? What is precision medicine? What ...

Genetics Home Reference: Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome

MedlinePlus

... Dudley syndrome and the monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) gene. Am J Hum Genet. 2005 Jul;77(1):41-53. Epub 2005 May 11. ... are genome editing and CRISPR-Cas9? What is precision medicine? What ...

Genetics Home Reference: Lafora progressive myoclonus epilepsy

MedlinePlus

... following the discovery of the EPM2A and NHLRC1 genes. Hum Mutat. 2009 May;30(5):715-23. doi: 10.1002/humu.20954. Review. ... are genome editing and CRISPR-Cas9? What is precision medicine? What ...

Truck and bus driver task analysis

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1973-05-01

This report describes the tasks involved in driving large trucks and buses. The task descriptions are an extension of the task description developed by Human Resources Research Organization (HumRRO) for passenger car drivers and deal with those uniqu...

First Observation of the Earth's Permanent Free Oscillations on Ocean Bottom Seismometers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deen, M.; Wielandt, E.; Stutzmann, E.; Crawford, W.; Barruol, G.; Sigloch, K.

2017-11-01

The Earth's hum is the permanent free oscillations of the Earth recorded in the absence of earthquakes, at periods above 30 s. We present the first observations of its fundamental spheroidal eigenmodes on broadband ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) in the Indian Ocean. At the ocean bottom, the effects of ocean infragravity waves (compliance) and seafloor currents (tilt) overshadow the hum. In our experiment, data are also affected by electronic glitches. We remove these signals from the seismic trace by subtracting average glitch signals; performing a linear regression; and using frequency-dependent response functions between pressure, horizontal, and vertical seismic components. This reduces the long period noise on the OBS to the level of a good land station. Finally, by windowing the autocorrelation to include only the direct arrival, the first and second orbits around the Earth, and by calculating its Fourier transform, we clearly observe the eigenmodes at the ocean bottom.

Utterance Detection by Intraoral Acceleration Sensor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saiki, Tsunemasa; Takizawa, Yukako; Hashizume, Tsutomu; Higuchi, Kohei; Fujita, Takayuki; Maenaka, Kazusuke

In order to establish monitoring systems for home health in elderly people including the prevention of mental illness, we investigated the acceleration of teeth in utterance on the assumption that an acceleration sensor can be implanted into an artificial denture in the near future. In the experiment, an acceleration sensor was fixed in front of the central incisors on the lower jaw by using a denture adhesive, and female and male subjects spoke five Japanese vowels. We then measured the teeth accelerations in three (front-to-back, right-to-left and top-to-bottom) axes and conducted frequency analyses. The result showed that high power spectral densities of the teeth accelerations were observed at a low frequency range of 2-10Hz (both the female and the male) and at a high frequency range of 200-300Hz (the female) or 100-150 Hz (the male). The low and high frequency components indicate movements of the lower jaw and voice sounds by bone conduction, respectively. Especially in the top-to-bottom axis of the central incisor, the frequency component appeared to be significant. Therefore, we found that utterance can be efficiently detected using the acceleration in this axis. We also found that three conditions of normal speech, lip synchronizing and humming can be recognized by using frequency analysis of the acceleration in the top-to-bottom axis of the central incisor.

Hearing symptoms personal stereos.

PubMed

da Luz, Tiara Santos; Borja, Ana Lúcia Vieira de Freitas

2012-04-01

 Practical and portable the personal stereos if had become almost indispensable accessories in the day the day. Studies disclose that the portable players of music can cause auditory damages in the long run for who hear music in high volume for a drawn out time.  to verify the prevalence of auditory symptoms in users of amplified players and to know its habits of use  Observational prospective study of transversal cut carried through in three institutions of education of the city of Salvador BA, being two of public net and one of the private net. 400 students had answered to the questionnaire, of both the sex, between 14 and 30 years that had related the habit to use personal stereos.  The symptoms most prevalent had been hyperacusis (43.5%), auricular fullness (30.5%) and humming (27.5), being that the humming is the symptom most present in the population youngest. How much to the daily habits: 62.3% frequent use, 57% in raised intensities, 34% in drawn out periods. An inverse relation between exposition time was verified and the band of age (p = 0,000) and direct with the prevalence of the humming.  Although to admit to have knowledge on the damages that the exposition the sound of high intensity can cause the hearing, the daily habits of the young evidence the inadequate use of the portable stereos characterized by long periods of exposition, raised intensities, frequent use and preference for the insertion phones. The high prevalence of symptoms after the use suggests a bigger risk for the hearing of these young.

Hearing symptoms personal stereos

PubMed Central

da Luz, Tiara Santos; Borja, Ana Lúcia Vieira de Freitas

2012-01-01

Summary Introduction: Practical and portable the personal stereos if had become almost indispensable accessories in the day the day. Studies disclose that the portable players of music can cause auditory damages in the long run for who hear music in high volume for a drawn out time. Objective: to verify the prevalence of auditory symptoms in users of amplified players and to know its habits of use Method: Observational prospective study of transversal cut carried through in three institutions of education of the city of Salvador BA, being two of public net and one of the private net. 400 students had answered to the questionnaire, of both the sex, between 14 and 30 years that had related the habit to use personal stereos. Results: The symptoms most prevalent had been hyperacusis (43.5%), auricular fullness (30.5%) and humming (27.5), being that the humming is the symptom most present in the population youngest. How much to the daily habits: 62.3% frequent use, 57% in raised intensities, 34% in drawn out periods. An inverse relation between exposition time was verified and the band of age (p = 0,000) and direct with the prevalence of the humming. Conclusion: Although to admit to have knowledge on the damages that the exposition the sound of high intensity can cause the hearing, the daily habits of the young evidence the inadequate use of the portable stereos characterized by long periods of exposition, raised intensities, frequent use and preference for the insertion phones. The high prevalence of symptoms after the use suggests a bigger risk for the hearing of these young. PMID:25991931

Melanocytoma-like melanoma may be the missing link between benign and malignant uveal melanocytic lesions in humans and dogs: a comparative study.

PubMed

Zoroquiain, Pablo; Mayo-Goldberg, Erin; Alghamdi, Sarah; Alhumaid, Sulaiman; Perlmann, Eduardo; Barros, Paulo; Mayo, Nancy; Burnier, Miguel N

2016-12-01

The cutoff presented in the current classification of canine melanocytic lesions by Wilcock and Pfeiffer is based on the clinical outcome rather than morphological concepts. Classification of tumors based on morphology or molecular signatures is the key to identifying new therapies or prognostic factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze morphological findings in canine melanocytic lesions based on classic malignant morphologic principles of neoplasia and to compare these features with human uveal melanoma (HUM) samples. In total, 64 canine and 111 human morphologically malignant melanocytic lesions were classified into two groups (melanocytoma-like or classic melanoma) based on the presence or absence of M cells, respectively. Histopathological characteristics were compared between the two groups using the χ-test, t-test, and multivariate discriminant analysis. Among the 64 canine tumors, 28 (43.7%) were classic and 36 (56.3%) were melanocytoma-like melanomas. Smaller tumor size, a higher degree of pigmentation, and lower mitotic activity distinguished melanocytoma-like from classic tumors with an accuracy of 100% for melanocytoma-like lesions. From the human series, only one case showed melanocytoma-like features and had a low risk for metastasis characteristics. Canine uveal melanoma showed a morphological spectrum with features similar to the HUM counterpart (classic melanoma) and overlapped features between uveal melanoma and melanocytoma (melanocytoma-like melanoma). Recognition that the subgroup of melanocytoma-like melanoma may represent the missing link between benign and malignant lesions could help explain the progression of uveal melanoma in dogs; these findings can potentially be translated to HUM.

Body composition and functional assessment of nutritional status in adults: a narrative review of imaging, impedance, strength and functional techniques.

PubMed

Smith, S; Madden, A M

2016-12-01

The accurate and valid assessment of body composition is essential for the diagnostic evaluation of nutritional status, identifying relevant outcome measures, and determining the effectiveness of current and future nutritional interventions. Developments in technology and our understanding of the influences of body composition on risk and outcome will provide practitioners with new opportunities to enhance current practice and to lead future improvements in practice. This is the second of a two-part narrative review that aims to critically evaluate body composition methodology in diverse adult populations, with a primary focus on its use in the assessment and monitoring of under-nutrition. Part one focused on anthropometric variables [Madden and Smith (2016) J Hum Nutr Diet 29: 7-25] and part two focuses on the use of imaging techniques, bioelectrical impedance analysis, markers of muscle strength and functional status, with particular reference to developments relevant to practice. © 2016 The British Dietetic Association Ltd.

Genetics Home Reference: Adams-Oliver syndrome

MedlinePlus

... Baveja R, Silva ES, Dixon J, Leon EL, Solomon BD, Glusman G, Niederhuber JE, Roach JC, Patel MS. Mutations in NOTCH1 cause Adams-Oliver syndrome. Am J Hum Genet. 2014 Sep 4;95(3):275-84. doi: 10.1016/j. ...

Genetics Home Reference: piebaldism

MedlinePlus

... and deletions of the KIT (steel factor receptor) gene in human piebaldism. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Jan;56( ... Sánchez-García I. Deletion of the SLUG (SNAI2) gene results in human piebaldism. Am J Med Genet A. 2003 Oct ...

Genetics Home Reference: ornithine translocase deficiency

MedlinePlus

... Diagnosis of Japanese patients with HHH syndrome by molecular genetic analysis: a common mutation, R179X. J Hum Genet. ... M, Fariello G, Dionisi-Vici C. Clinical and molecular findings in hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria ... Bulletins Genetics Home Reference Celebrates Its ...

The diffusion of television in India.

PubMed

Singhal, A; Doshi, J K; Rogers, E M; Rahman, S A

1988-01-01

Between 1980 and 1987, the number of television sets increased by 10 times in India. Television now reaches an audience of about 800 million, 10% of the population. 3 main reasons account for the rapid diffusion of television in India: the role of communication satellites in expanding access to television signals, the introduction and popularity of soap operas, and the increasing revenues to the national television system (Doordarshan) from commercial advertising. Hum Log, the 1st soap opera on the national network, was patterned after pro-development soap operas in Mexico and addresses social issues such as family communication, women's status, small family size, national integration, dowry, and alcoholism. The main lesson from the Hum Log experience was that indigenous soap operas can attract large audiences and substantial profits. A 1987 household survey indicated that television ownership is more common in urban areas (88% of households) than rural areas (52%) and among households with incomes above RS 1500 (75% of television owners). The commercialization of Indian television has precipitated a policy debate about television's role. Supporters of further expansion of television services cite popular will, the potential to use this medium for educational development, high advertising incomes, the ability of satellite television to penetrate rural areas, and high government expenditures for television broadcasting. On the other hand, detractors of the commercialization policy argue that television promotes consumerism, widens the gap between the urban elite and the rural poor, disregards regional sociocultural norms, and diverts funding from development programs in areas such as health and education.

Nocturnal "humming" vocalizations: adding a piece to the puzzle of giraffe vocal communication.

PubMed

Baotic, Anton; Sicks, Florian; Stoeger, Angela S

2015-09-09

Recent research reveals that giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis sp.) exhibit a socially structured, fission-fusion system. In other species possessing this kind of society, information exchange is important and vocal communication is usually well developed. But is this true for giraffes? Giraffes are known to produce sounds, but there is no evidence that they use vocalizations for communication. Reports on giraffe vocalizations are mainly anecdotal and the missing acoustic descriptions make it difficult to establish a call nomenclature. Despite inconclusive evidence to date, it is widely assumed that giraffes produce infrasonic vocalizations similar to elephants. In order to initiate a more detailed investigation of the vocal communication in giraffes, we collected data of captive individuals during day and night. We particularly focussed on detecting tonal, infrasonic or sustained vocalizations. We collected over 947 h of audio material in three European zoos and quantified the spectral and temporal components of acoustic signals to obtain an accurate set of acoustic parameters. Besides the known burst, snorts and grunts, we detected harmonic, sustained and frequency-modulated "humming" vocalizations during night recordings. None of the recorded vocalizations were within the infrasonic range. These results show that giraffes do produce vocalizations, which, based on their acoustic structure, might have the potential to function as communicative signals to convey information about the physical and motivational attributes of the caller. The data further reveal that the assumption of infrasonic communication in giraffes needs to be considered with caution and requires further investigations in future studies.

Addressing gaps in the maturity of judgment literature: age differences and delinquency.

PubMed

Modecki, Kathryn Lynn

2008-02-01

Over the past decade, a majority of states have legislated to expand their capacity to try adolescents as adults [Griffin (2003). Trying and sentencing juveniles as adults: An analysis of state transfer and blended sentencing laws. Pittsburgh, PA: National Center for Juvenile Justice]. In response, researchers have investigated factors that may affect adolescent culpability [Steinberg and Scott (Am Psychol 58(12):1009-1018, 2003)]. Research on immature judgment posits that psychosocial influences on adolescent decision processes results in reduced criminal responsibility [Cauffman and Steinberg (Behav Sci Law 18(6):741-760, 2000); Scott, Reppucci, and Woolard (Law Hum Behav 19(3):221-244, 1995); Steinberg and Cauffman (Law Hum Behav 20(3):249-272, 1996)]. The current study utilizes hypothetical vignettes and standardized measures of maturity of judgment (responsibility, temperance, and perspective) to examine gaps in previous maturity of judgment findings (Cauffman and Steinberg 2000). This work suggests that adolescents (ages 14-17) display less responsibility and perspective relative to college students (ages 18-21), young-adults (ages 22-27), and adults (ages 28-40). Further, this research finds no maturity of judgment differences between delinquent and non-delinquent youth, but does find significant maturity of judgment differences between high and low delinquency male youth. Finally, results show that maturity of judgment predicts self-reported delinquency beyond the contributions of age, gender, race, education level, SES, and antisocial decision making. Implications for the juvenile justice system are discussed.

Quantitative PCR for genetic markers of human fecal pollution

EPA Science Inventory

Assessment of health risk and fecal bacteria loads associated with human fecal pollution requires reliable host-specific analytical methods and a rapid quantification approach. We report the development of quantitative PCR assays for enumeration of two recently described hum...

75 FR 34519 - SES Performance Review Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-17

... TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY SES Performance Review Board AGENCY: U.S. Trade and Development... and Development Agency's Performance Review Board. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Carolyn Hum... more SES Performance Review Boards. The Board shall review and evaluate the initial appraisal of a...

Volcanic ash clouds; a continuing threat to international aviation

USGS Publications Warehouse

Scarone, H.

1987-01-01

Suddenly, an acrid odour began to pervade the aircraft, an eerie bluish glow lit up the edges of the wings, and in the cockpit the familiar hum of static started to break up the high-frequency communications. Then it happened.

Don’t Let the HumBUG Get Achoo - Tips for a healthy winter at work and home

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schlender, Michael H.

2006-12-15

Safety-related article for recurrinig column in the Tri-City Area Journal of Business. Focuses on seasonal wellness tips for employers and employees - namely, cold and flu prevention through personal hygiene.

Genetics Home Reference: arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficiency

MedlinePlus

... amidinotransferase deficiency: the third inborn error of creatine metabolism in humans. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Nov;69(5):1127-33. Epub 2001 Sep 10. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central Nasrallah F, Feki M, Kaabachi ...

First isolation of Hammondia hammondi from a cat from Ethiopia

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Toxoplasma gondii oocysts are morphologically and antigenically similar to oocysts of another feline coccidian, Hammondia hammondi. The distinction between H. hammondi and T. gondii is important from an epidemiological perspective because all isolates of T. gondii are potentially pathogenic for hum...

MICROCYSTIN ANALYSIS IN HUMAN SERA AND LIVER FROM HUMAN FATALITIES IN CARUARU, BRAZIL 1996

EPA Science Inventory

The detection of cyanotoxins, especially hepatotoxic microcystins in tissue, is of growing interest to scientists, clinicians, and public health officials because cyanotoxins can contaminate surface waters that are used for drinking and recreational purposes. Documentation of hum...

Team Training and Evaluation Strategies: A State-of-Art Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wagner, H.; And Others

Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), the Defense Documentation Center (DDC), National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Psychological Abstracts, HumRRO Library, and industrial training publications were surveyed to analyze instructional and evaluative techniques relevant to team training. Research studies and team training…

Genetics Home Reference: bladder cancer

MedlinePlus

... events in bladder tumors. Researchers believe that several genes that control cell growth and division are probably located on chromosome 9 . ... Kwast TH, Zwarthoff EC, Radvanyi F. Novel fibroblast growth factor receptor ... identified in non-lethal skeletal disorders. Eur J Hum Genet. 2002 Dec;10( ...

54. Photographer unknown February 1925 HUMBOLDT COUNTY, SECTION J, HIGHWAY ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

54. Photographer unknown February 1925 HUMBOLDT COUNTY, SECTION J, HIGHWAY 1. HUM-1-J #34, SINKS ALONG HIGH. NEAR OCEAN, 2-25. - Redwood National & State Parks Roads, California coast from Crescent City to Trinidad, Crescent City, Del Norte County, CA

Genetics Home Reference: cerebral folate transport deficiency

MedlinePlus

... a treatable neurodegenerative disorder associated with disturbed myelin metabolism. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Sep;85(3):354-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.08.005. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central Toelle SP, Wille D, Schmitt ...

Remote quality assurance in cervical cancer screening in low resource settings using a handheld smartphone-based colposcope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Millien, Christophe; Jean-Baptiste, Meredith C.; Manite, Garçon; Levitz, David

2015-03-01

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death for women all across the developing world, where much of the infrastructure required for effective cervical cancer screening is unavailable because of limited resources. One of the most common method to screen for cervical cancer is by visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), in which the cervix is imaged with the naked eye. Given inherent challenges in analysis and documentation when characterizing cervical tissue with the naked eye, an optical solution is needed. To address this challenge, a smartphone was modified and transformed into a mobile colposcope (a device used to image the cervix from outside) by adding a custom-fit light source and optics. The mobile smartphone colposcope was designed such that it augments VIA and easily integrates within the standard of care. The mobile smartphone colposcope is controlled by an app, which, stores cervical images captured on the mobile smartphone colposcope on a portal, enabling remote doctors to evaluate images and the treatment chosen by the health worker. Images from patients undergoing cervical cancer screening by a nurse using VIA in the University Hospital of Mirebalais (HUM) GYN outpatient clinic in Haiti were captured on the mobile smartphone colposcope. These images were later analyzed by an experienced OB/GYN at HUM, who determined whether or not the patient should be treated with cryoablation; more complicated cases were also shared with a consulting doctor in the US. The opinions of the experienced OB/GYN doctors at HUM, as well as the experts from the US, were used to educate nurses and midwives performing mobile colposcopy. These results suggest that remote assessment offered by mobile colposcopy can improve training of health workers performing VIA, and ultimately affect the therapy administered to patients.

Genetics Home Reference: lattice corneal dystrophy type II

MedlinePlus

... lattice corneal dystrophy type II can have a facial expression that appears sad. Related Information What does it ... links) Children's Craniofacial Association: A Guide to Understanding Facial ... pathogenic mechanisms in gelsolin-related amyloidosis: in vitro expression reveals an abnormal gelsolin fragment. Hum Mol Genet. ...

Genetics Home Reference: glycogen storage disease type III

MedlinePlus

... thought to lead to the production of an enzyme with reduced function. All AGL gene mutations lead to storage of ... Saltiel AR. Distinct mutations in the glycogen debranching enzyme found in glycogen ... in diverse cellular functions. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Jun 1;18(11): ...

Design of Instrument Approach Procedure Charts Comprehension Speed of Missed Approach Instructions Coded in Text or Icons

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1992-02-01

Instrument approach procedure (IAP) charts are often cluttered and confusing. The quantified effects of chart design : changes on information transfer are needed by chart manufacturers to make changes uhich will enhance information transfer : and hum...

Developing Wide-Spectrum Antiproteotoxicity Agents to Treat ALS

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-10-01

stress response ameliorates mutant SOD1-induced ALS. Hum Mol Genet. Wegorzewska, I., Bell , S., Cairns, N.J., Miller, T.M., and Baloh, R.H. (2009). TDP-43...TDP-43 transgenic mice develop spastic paralysis and neuronal inclusions characteristic of ALS and frontotemporal lobar degeneration

EVALUATION OF WASTEWATER CHEMICALS AS INDICATORS OF HUMAN FECAL CONTAMINATION

EPA Science Inventory

The quality of drinking and recreational water is currently ascertained using indicator bacteria. The traditional tests that analyze for these bacteria require approximately 24 hours to complete, and do not discriminate between human and animal sources. One solution is to use hum...

INTERPRETATION OF BENZENE URINARY BIOMARKER DATA FOR RISK ASSESSMENT: A CASE STUDY

EPA Science Inventory

Human biomonitoring is an effective tool in assessing exposure to hundreds of chemicals. Too often, however, biomarkers such as parent or metabolite concentrations in blood or urine are reported without information on doses associated with the biomarkers and implications for hum...

56. Photographer unknown February 1925 HUMBOLDT COUNTY, SECTION J, HIGHWAY ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

56. Photographer unknown February 1925 HUMBOLDT COUNTY, SECTION J, HIGHWAY 1. HUM-1-J #36, SINKS ALONG OCEAN SHORE, 2-25. Stamped office copy. - Redwood National & State Parks Roads, California coast from Crescent City to Trinidad, Crescent City, Del Norte County, CA

Speak Up! But don't strain your voice

MedlinePlus

... the Voice Center. She was one of 105 teachers from Pennsylvania and Massachusetts who participated. Led by Katherine Verdolini, Ph.D., the trial tested which therapy was more effective at increasing volume: humming exercises or airflow practice. Once a week over five weeks, Jones received ...

General Achievement Trends: Alabama

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center on Education Policy, 2009

2009-01-01

This general achievement trends profile includes information that the Center on Education Policy (CEP) and the Human Resources Research Organization (HumRRO) obtained from states from fall 2008 through April 2009. Included herein are: (1) Bullet points summarizing key findings about achievement trends in that state at three performance…

Summary of Resources for the International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, David E.

2003-01-01

The assembly complete Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) s ystem for the International Space Station (ISS) will consist of compo nents and subsystems in both the U.S. and International partner eleme nts which together will perform the functions of Temperature and Hum idity Control (THC), Atmosphere Control and Supply (ACS), Atmosphere Revitalization (AR), Water Recovery and Management (WRM), Fire Detect ion and Suppression (FDS), and Vacuum System (VS) for the station. D ue to limited resources available on ISS, detailed attention is given to minimizing and tracking all resources associated with all systems , beginning with estimates during the hardware development phase thr ough measured actuals when flight hardware is built and delivered. A summary of resources consumed by the current on-orbit U.S. ECLS syste m hardware is presented, including launch weight, average continuous and peak power loads, on-orbit volume and resupply logistics. ..

[Detection of cerebral hypoperfusion using single photon emission computed tomography image analysis and statistical parametric mapping in patients with Parkinson's disease or progressive supranuclear palsy].

PubMed

Harada, Kengo; Saeki, Hiroshi; Matsuya, Eiji; Okita, Izumi

2013-11-01

We carried out differential diagnosis of brain blood flow images using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) or progressive supranuclear paralysis (PSP) using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and to whom we had applied anatomical standardization. We studied two groups and compared brain blood flow images using SPECT (N-isopropyl-4-iodoamphetamine [(123)I] hydrochloride injection, 222 MGq dosage i.v.). A total of 27 patients were studied using SPM: 18 with PD and 9 with PSP; humming bird sign on MRI was from moderate to medium. The decline of brain bloodstream in the PSP group was more notable in the midbrain, near the domain where the humming bird sign was observable, than in the PD group. The observable differences in brain bloodstream decline in the midbrain of PSP and PD patients suggest the potential usefulness of this technique's clinical application to distinction diagnosis.

Quantitative Real-Time PCR Fecal Source Identification in the ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Rivers in the Tillamook Basin play a vital role in supporting a thriving dairy and cheese-making industry, as well as providing a safe water resource for local human and wildlife populations. Historical concentrations of fecal bacteria in these waters are at times too high to allow for safe use leading to economic loss, endangerment of local wildlife, and poor conditions for recreational use. In this study, we employ host-associated qPCR methods for human (HF183/BacR287 and HumM2), ruminant (Rum2Bac), cattle (CowM2 and CowM3), canine (DG3 and DG37), and avian (GFD) fecal pollution combined with high-resolution geographic information system (GIS) land use data and general indicator bacteria measurements to elucidatewater quality spatial and temporal trends. Water samples (n=584) were collected over a 1-year period at 29 sites along the Trask, Kilchis, and Tillamook rivers and tributaries (Tillamook Basin, OR). A total of 16.6% of samples (n=97) yielded E. coli levels considered impaired based on Oregon Department of Environmental Quality bacteria criteria (406 MPN/100mL). Hostassociated genetic indicators were detected at frequencies of 39.2% (HF183/BacR287), 16.3% (HumM2), 74.6% (Rum2Bac), 13.0% (CowM2), 26.7% (CowM3), 19.8% (DG3), 3.2% (DG37), and 53.4% (GFD) across all water samples (n=584). Seasonal trends in avian, cattle, and human fecal pollution sources were evident over the study area. On a sample site basis, quantitative fecal source identification and

Evaluation of sorghum accessions from Ethiopia and Mali against Fusarium thapsinum

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Thirty-eight sorghum accessions from Ethiopia and Mali along with resistant (Sureno and SC719) and susceptible (RTx430 and RTx2536) checks were evaluated in replicated plots for resistance against Fusarium thapsinum at Isabela, Puerto Rico. Environmental conditions such as temperature, relative hum...

Absorption characteristics of forest fire particulate matter

Treesearch

E.M. Patterson; Charles K. McMahon

1984-01-01

Abstract. Absorption properties of smokes from laboratory fires that represent prescription hums in the Southern states have been quantified to relate variations in measured absorption parameters to variation in fire conditions and to estimate emission factors for elemental carbon. Results showed significant differences in absorption of the smoke...

Quantitative Assessment of Cancer Risk from Exposure to Diesel Engine Emissions

EPA Science Inventory

Quantitative estimates of lung cancer risk from exposure to diesel engine emissions were developed using data from three chronic bioassays with Fischer 344 rats. uman target organ dose was estimated with the aid of a comprehensive dosimetry model. This model accounted for rat-hum...

General Achievement Trends: New Hampshire

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center on Education Policy, 2009

2009-01-01

This general achievement trends profile includes information that the Center on Education Policy (CEP) and the Human Resources Research Organization (HumRRO) obtained from states from fall 2008 through April 2009. Included herein are: (1) Bullet points summarizing key findings about achievement trends in that state at three performance…

Genetics Home Reference: congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency

MedlinePlus

... Leeb T, Naim HY. Novel mutations in the human sucrase-isomaltase gene (SI) that cause congenital carbohydrate malabsorption. Hum Mutat. 2006 Jan;27(1):119. Citation on PubMed Sibley E. Carbohydrate intolerance. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2004 Mar;20(2):162-7. Citation on PubMed More ...

IDENTIFICATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SPECIES AND SOURCES IN RAW WASTEWATER USING A SMALL SUBUNIT RRNA-BASED PCR-RFLP TOOL

EPA Science Inventory

The species composition and source of Cryptosporidium oocysts in wastewater have never been determined, even though it is widely assumed that these oocysts are from human sewage. Recent molecular characterizations of Cryptosporidium parasites make it possible to differentiate hum...

IDENTIFICATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SPECIES AND THE SOURCES IN RAW WASTEWATER USING A SMALL SUBUNIT RRNA-BASED PCR-RFLP TOOL

EPA Science Inventory

The species composition and source of Cryptosporidium oocysts in wastewater have never been determined, even though it is widely assumed that these oocysts are from human sewage. Recent molecular characterizations of Cryptosporidium parasites make it possible to differentiate hum...

Teacher-Researcher Partnerships to Improve Social Behavior through Social Stories

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agosta, E.; Graetz, J. E.; Mastropieri, M. A.; Scruggs, T. E.

2004-01-01

In this project, a partnership between school and university personnel addressed, in a systematic, research-oriented fashion, a classroom problem. A young child with autism exhibited excessively loud screaming, yelling, humming, and other distracting noises during class activities in a special education setting. These disruptive behaviors were a…

Loneliness and Shyness in Adolescent Problematic Internet Users: The Role of Social Anxiety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huan, Vivien S.; Ang, Rebecca P.; Chye, Stefanie

2014-01-01

Background: Davis' ("Comput Hum Behav" 17:187-195, 2001) cognitive-behavioral model of problematic Internet use (PIU) proposed and theorized that certain psychopathological characteristics present within an individual, predispose him to PIU. Objective: This study extended Davis' model in hypothesizing that social anxiety mediates in a…

Inter-connections between human health and ecological integrity: An organizational framework for research and development

EPA Science Inventory

A Pellston workshop entitled, Interconnections between Human Health and Ecological Integrity, was held in 2000. Jointly sponsored by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) and the Society of Toxicology (SOT), the workshop was motivated by the concern of hum...

A possible role for lutein and zeaxanthin in cognitive function in the elderly

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Epidemiological studies suggest that dietary lutein and zeaxanthin may be of benefit in maintaining cognitive health. Among the carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, are the only two that cross the blood-retina barrier to form macular pigment (MP) in the eye. They also preferentially accumulate in hum...

ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS AND RECOVERY: THE GEOCHEMICAL RECORD OF HUMAN DISTURBANCE IN NEW BEDFORD HARBOR AND APPONAGANSETT BAY, MASSACHUSETTS (USA)

EPA Science Inventory

To restore and maintain chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters, knowledge of the characteristics of unimpaired water bodies and their watersheds is required. The historical reconstruction approach of assessing ecological integrity uses records of hum...

57. G.M.W., photographer March 26, 1940 HUMBOLDT COUNTY, SECTION K, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

57. G.M.W., photographer March 26, 1940 HUMBOLDT COUNTY, SECTION K, HIGHWAY 1. HUM-1-K #93, STA. 255, 3-26-40, G.M.W. Stamped office copy. - Redwood National & State Parks Roads, California coast from Crescent City to Trinidad, Crescent City, Del Norte County, CA

How to Classify and Measure Ecosystem Services to Connect to Human Well Being -- Is there an Answer?

EPA Science Inventory

Abstract 2.0: Ecosystem services remain poorly defined despite an extensive and growing literature. While approaches are many and varied, none appear to adequately define a systematic, complete, and non-duplicative solution to the crucial problem of connecting ecosystems to hum...

Genetics Home Reference: distal hereditary motor neuropathy, type V

MedlinePlus

... PubMed Irobi J, De Jonghe P, Timmerman V. Molecular genetics of distal hereditary motor neuropathies. Hum Mol Genet. 2004 Oct 1;13 Spec No 2:R195-202. Review. Citation on PubMed Ito D, Suzuki N. Molecular pathogenesis of seipin/BSCL2-related motor neuron diseases. ...

Genetics Home Reference: hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma with tendon contractures, myopathy, and pulmonary fibrosis

MedlinePlus

... which scar tissue forms in the lungs . Pulmonary fibrosis eventually causes difficulty breathing and can be life-threatening within ... Keavney B, Bézieau S, Mayosi BM. Mutations in FAM111B cause hereditary fibrosing ... myopathy, and pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Hum Genet. 2013 Dec 5;93( ...

Solfege for Instrumentalists

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Musco, Ann Marie

2012-01-01

Teachers might ask students to hum the tuning pitch, chant rhythms and scat articulations, or sing melodies from the repertoire to better understand musical inflection and nuance. In addition, singing can develop skills in music reading and audiation. If students sing out loud before playing a line of music, they are able to prehear the pitches…

Systematic Approaches for Identifying and Organizing Content for Training Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ammerman, Harry L.

This paper concentrates on two aspects in the development of curriculums for technical training: the identification of curriculum content for specific courses of study; and the organization of such content in training programs. Seven steps in the HumRRO procedure for systematic curriculum engineering are identified: determining the performance…

Genetics Home Reference: ocular albinism

MedlinePlus

... Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1343/ Citation on PubMed Oetting WS. New insights into ocular albinism type 1 (OA1): Mutations and polymorphisms of the OA1 gene. Hum Mutat. 2002 Feb;19(2):85-92. Review. Citation on PubMed Tak WJ, Kim MN, Hong ...

Electronic community: The role of an electronic network in the development of a community of teachers engaged in curriculum development and implementation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keating, Thomas Michael

The goal of this study was to describe the development of an electronic community of teachers who had the common experience of working on a Human Biology Curriculum Project through Stanford University. It was hypothesized that the interdisciplinary teams of teachers distributed across the United States would find a telecommunication network an ideal vehicle for extending their curricular collaborations they had begun in a series of summer institutes at Stanford. It was antlclpated that teachers would use the network to keep in touch with each other, share their common experiences piloting the HumBio Curriculum materials, provide feedback to the faculty and staff writing teams, and explore the possibilities of enacting cross site projects based on the curriculum project. From these interactions over the network it was hypothesized that a viable electronic community of schools could emerge. Establishment of a thriving electronic educational community is not an easy task. An analysis of three years of network interactions representing approximately 3125 email messages exchanged between HumBio test sites, HumBio Staff, the Network Coordinator and an additional three schools added in the third year, did not support the hypothesis that an electronic community would emerge and prosper. Participation in the electronic network was largely sporadic. However, a core group of schools was able to engage in meaningful, long term, cross-site projects, and student exchanges. By studying the active schools' message exchanges through time, insights were gained as to which ingredients are necessary to nurture an electronic network through the early stages of community development. A life history approach was found to be useful when considering the developmental stages of electronic networks. A key finding is that teachers choose to participate in electronic collaborations that will have a direct impact on what students are doing in the classroom. The first phase in the development of this network was characterized by greetings and requests for technical assistance, the second phase focused on curricular concerns, and the third phase led to a greater degree of full and open communication. Community is ephemeral by nature. Perhaps a more accurate depiction of the interactions that take place over an email system is that of a social network from which community characteristics emerge at different times and in different ways. This was certainly the case in the development of this "electronic community."

Science and Technology Review March 2006

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aufderheide, M B

2006-01-18

This month's issue has the following articles: (1) Without Fanfare, Technicians Safely Keep the Laboratory Humming--Commentary by Bruce T. Goodwin; (2) These People Make Things Happen--Technicians at Lawrence Livermore, comprising more than 20 percent of the workforce, are essential to research efforts. March 2006; (3) The Shocking Truth about Detonations and Metals--The multichannel x-ray system Hydra records the changes in metals undergoing a high-explosives shock, revealing phenomena not predicted by material models; (4) Floating into Thin Air--High-flying balloon gathers images from x-ray sources that are out of this world; and (5) Carbon Goes Full Cycle in the Amazon--Recent measurements indicatemore » that the Amazon River basin returns carbon to the atmosphere in only 5 years.« less

Human-associated fecal qPCR measurements and predicted risk of gastrointestinal illness in recreational waters contaminated with raw sewage

EPA Science Inventory

We used quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) to estimate the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) illness associated with swimming in recreational waters containing different concentrations of human-associated fecal qPCR markers from raw sewage– HF183 and HumM2. The volume/volu...

Randomized trial of exclusive human milk versus preterm formula diets in extremely premature infants

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Our objective was to compare the duration of parenteral nutrition, growth, and morbidity in extremely premature infants fed exclusive diets of either bovine milk-based preterm formula (BOV) or donor human milk and human milk-based human milk fortifier (HUM), in a randomized trial of formula vs human...

Singing Smoothes Classroom Transitions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mathews, Sarah E.

2012-01-01

Just as humming a merry tune helped Snow White and her furry animal friends to quickly clean a filthy cottage in the movie "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" (Disney & Cottrell, 1937), singing can be an effective way to help keep young children fully engaged during classroom transitions. The purposes of this article are to: (1) consider why…

Performance Measurement in Helicopter Training and Operations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prophet, Wallace W.

For almost 15 years, HumRRO Division No. 6 has conducted an active research program on techniques for measuring the flight performance of helicopter trainees and pilots. This program addressed both the elemental aspects of flying (i.e., maneuvers) and the mission- or goal-oriented aspects. A variety of approaches has been investigated, with the…

Operational Context Training in Individual Technical Skills.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoehn, Arthur J.; And Others

Four papers were presented at a conference dealing with the objectives and problems of operational context training (OCT) sponsored by HumRRO in June 1958. The first paper (by William McCleland) outlines the objectives of the conference and its general goals. The second paper (by Arthur J. Hoehn) describes the use of operational context training…

A Model for Professional Education in the 21st Century: Integrating Humanities and Engineering through Writing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olds, Barbara M.; Miller, Ronald L.

The "HumEn" (Humanities/Engineering Integration) program developed at the Colorado School of Mines integrates humanities and engineering through reading and writing. Through integrative reading and writing engineering students are led to make appropriate connections between the humanities and their technical work, connections that will…

A Cross-Language Study of Perception of Lexical Stress in English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yu, Vickie Y.; Andruski, Jean E.

2010-01-01

This study investigates the question of whether language background affects the perception of lexical stress in English. Thirty native English speakers and 30 native Chinese learners of English participated in a stressed-syllable identification task and a discrimination task involving three types of stimuli (real words/pseudowords/hums). The…

59. V.H.G., photographer October 27, 1948 EUREKA, HUMBOLDT COUNTY, HIGHWAY ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

59. V.H.G., photographer October 27, 1948 EUREKA, HUMBOLDT COUNTY, HIGHWAY 1. HUM-1-EUR #59, LOOKING NORTH BROADWAY & CEDAR, 10-27-48, V.H.G. Stamped office copy. - Redwood National & State Parks Roads, California coast from Crescent City to Trinidad, Crescent City, Del Norte County, CA

58. V.H.G., photographer October 27, 1948 EUREKA, HUMBOLDT COUNTY, HIGHWAY ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

58. V.H.G., photographer October 27, 1948 EUREKA, HUMBOLDT COUNTY, HIGHWAY 1. HUM-1-EUR #60, LOOKING SOUTH, BROADWAY & CLARK, 10-27-48, V.H.G. Stamped office copy. - Redwood National & State Parks Roads, California coast from Crescent City to Trinidad, Crescent City, Del Norte County, CA

The PREP Program at Monterey Peninsula College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bialek, Hilton M.

This paper is an informal account of the establishment and operation of a U.S. Army Predischarge Education Program (PREP) in which Human Resources Research Organization (HumRRO) aided a junior college in providing high school graduates with significant preparation for college work. PREP is designed for servicemen and women soon to be discharged,…

MicroRNA biomarker identification in serum for fish oil-induced fatty liver development in Wistar Kyoto rats

EPA Science Inventory

Hepatic steatosis (also known as fatty liver) is present in 25-30% of the US population and can increase susceptibility to the toxic effects of chemical exposures. There is need to develop biomarkers of hepatic steatosis that can be used in screening, experimental models, and hum...

32 CFR 2001.12 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... classification authority shall follow the sequence listed in paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii) of this... to the sequence in paragraph (a)(1) of this section are as follows: (i) If an original classification... and shall be designated with the following marking, “50X1-HUM;” or (ii) If an original classification...

32 CFR 2001.12 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... classification authority shall follow the sequence listed in paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii) of this... to the sequence in paragraph (a)(1) of this section are as follows: (i) If an original classification... and shall be designated with the following marking, “50X1-HUM;” or (ii) If an original classification...

Joy in the Montessori Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ulrich, Tamara D.

2014-01-01

In this article, the author states that it is a delight to walk into a Montessori classroom to the hum of children engaged in a variety of activities, especially when there is an accompanying feeling of joy and happiness. In desiring the peaceful calm of the classroom, educators may inadvertently hinder the joy, enthusiasm, and imagination that…

Performance of human fecal anaerobe-associated PCR-based assays in a multi-laboratory method evaluation study

EPA Science Inventory

A number of PCR-based methods for detecting human fecal material in environmental waters have been developed over the past decade, but these methods have rarely received independent comparative testing. Here, we evaluated ten of these methods (BacH, BacHum-UCD, B. thetaiotaomic...

Functional Analysis of Chk2-Kiaa0170 Interaction

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-09-01

R., Hollestelle, A., Houben, M., Crepin, E., van Veghel-Plandsoen, M., et al. (2002). Low-penetrance susceptibility to breast cancer due to CHEK2 (*)1...K., Heikkila, P., et al. (2002). A CHEK2 genetic variant contributing to a substantial fraction of familial breast cancer. Am J Hum Genet 71, 432-438

Identification, Characterisation and Clinical Development of the New Generation of Breast Cancer Susceptibility Alleles

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

amino acid substitution in this gene has been associated with uric acid nephrolithiasis (32). Recent GWAS have identified another variant within this...Identification of a novel gene and a common variant associated with uric acid nephrolithiasis in a Sardinian genetic isolate. Am J Hum Genet 72

Low Baseline Sympathetic Tone Correlates to a Greater Blood Pressure Change in the Cold Pressor Test.

PubMed

Youssef, Marylen; Ghassemi, Azadeh; Carvajal Gonczi, Catalina Marysol; Kugathasan, Thiffya Arabi; Kilgour, Robert D; Darlington, Peter J

2018-06-01

The cold pressor test (CPT) involves acute hand or foot exposure to cold water. CPT hyper-responders have unique traits, including risk of hypertension and a greater vasoconstrictor reserve and g force tolerance compared to hypo-responders. The purpose of this study was to uncover differences in cardiovascular and sympathetic biomarkers between responder types. Healthy volunteers (N = 30) submerged one hand into cold water (3.3 ± 0.8°C) for 5 min. Blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, and cardiac parameters were recorded using an automated monitor, impedance cardiography, and a beat-to-beat monitoring system. We analyzed for salivary α-amylase (SαA), which is a convenient biomarker of the sympathetic nervous system. Subjects were stratified post hoc into hyper-responders (≥ 22 mmHg) and hypo-responders (< 22 mmHg) based on change in systolic blood pressure during CPT. Hyper-responders had a significantly lower baseline heart rate (64 ± 7 bpm), cardiac output (5.6 ± 0.9 L · min-1), and SαA (60 ± 37 U · mL-1) compared to hypo-responders (73 ± 9 bpm, 6.9 ± 1.3 L · min-1, 165 ± 122 U · mL-1). During the cold immersion, hyper-responders had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (150 ± 14 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (91 ± 10 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (129 ± 17 mmHg), and systemic vascular resistance (1780 ± 640 dyn · s-1 · cm-5) than hypo-responders (130 ± 14 mmHg, 81 ± 10 mmHg, 110 ± 9 mmHg, 1290 ± 220 dyn · s-1 · cm-5). The change in systolic blood pressure correlated with baseline SαA (r = -0.455, P = 0.011) and baseline heart rate (r = -0.374, P = 0.042). Baseline characteristics influenced by sympathetic tone such as SαA, heart rate, and cardiac output are indicative of responses to CPT. Our data supports the use of baseline values to predict blood pressure response to acute cold exposure and indicates an intrinsic difference between CPT responder phenotypes.Youssef M, Ghassemi A, Carvajal Gonczi CM, Kugathasan TA, Kilgour RD, Darlington PJ. Low baseline sympathetic tone correlates to a greater blood pressure change in the cold pressor test. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(6):503-509.

How hummingbirds hum: Acoustic holography of hummingbirds during maneuvering flight

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hightower, Ben; Wijnings, Patrick; Ingersoll, Rivers; Chin, Diana; Scholte, Rick; Lentink, David

2017-11-01

Hummingbirds make a characteristic humming sound when they flap their wings. The physics and the biological significance of hummingbird aeroacoustics is still poorly understood. We used acoustic holography and high-speed cameras to determine the acoustic field of six hummingbirds while they either hovered stationary in front of a flower or maneuvered to track flower motion. We used a robotic flower that oscillated either laterally or longitudinally with a linear combination of 20 different frequencies between 0.2 and 20 Hz, a range that encompasses natural flower vibration frequencies in wind. We used high-speed marker tracking to dissect the transfer function between the moving flower, the head, and body of the bird. We also positioned four acoustic arrays equipped with 2176 microphones total above, below, and in front of the hummingbird. Acoustic data from the microphones were back-propagated to planes adjacent to the hummingbird to create the first real-time holograms of the pressure field a hummingbird generates in vivo. Integration of all this data offers insight into how hummingbirds modulate the acoustic field during hovering and maneuvering flight.

Resting state functional connectivity of the ventral auditory pathway in musicians with absolute pitch.

PubMed

Kim, Seung-Goo; Knösche, Thomas R

2017-08-01

Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability to recognize pitch chroma of tonal sound without external references, providing a unique model of the human auditory system (Zatorre: Nat Neurosci 6 () 692-695). In a previous study (Kim and Knösche: Hum Brain Mapp () 3486-3501), we identified enhanced intracortical myelination in the right planum polare (PP) in musicians with AP, which could be a potential site for perceptional processing of pitch chroma information. We speculated that this area, which initiates the ventral auditory pathway, might be crucially involved in the perceptual stage of the AP process in the context of the "dual pathway hypothesis" that suggests the role of the ventral pathway in processing nonspatial information related to the identity of an auditory object (Rauschecker: Eur J Neurosci 41 () 579-585). To test our conjecture on the ventral pathway, we investigated resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) from musicians with varying degrees of AP. Should our hypothesis be correct, RSFC via the ventral pathway is expected to be stronger in musicians with AP, whereas such group effect is not predicted in the RSFC via the dorsal pathway. In the current data, we found greater RSFC between the right PP and bilateral anteroventral auditory cortices in musicians with AP. In contrast, we did not find any group difference in the RSFC of the planum temporale (PT) between musicians with and without AP. We believe that these findings support our conjecture on the critical role of the ventral pathway in AP recognition. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3899-3916, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Detection of very long period solar free oscillations in ambient seismic array noise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caton, R.; Pavlis, G. L.; Thomson, D. J.; Vernon, F.

2017-12-01

For nearly two decades long-period seismologists have been aware that the Earth's free oscillations are in a constant state of excitement, even in the absence of large earthquakes. This phenomenon is now called the "Earth's hum," and much research has been done to determine what generates this hum. Here we examine a hypothesis first put forward by Thomson et al. in 2007 that a portion of the hum's energy comes from the sun. They hypothesized that solar free oscillations couple into the solid Earth, likely through electromagnetic processes, and produce signals that are observable in the frequency domain. If this is true, then at least some measurement of helioseismic oscillations may be possible using relatively cheap, ground-based instruments rather than spacecraft. In this project we attempt to improve upon previous studies by producing spectra from seismic arrays, rather than a single station. We use data from two arrays: The Homestake Mine 3D array in Lead, SD, and the Pinyon Flats array, which has seismometers in boreholes drilled into bedrock. Both have exceptionally low noise levels at ultra long periods and show easily visible earth tides on horizontal component data filtered to below the microseism band. In the Homestake data, below 500 μHz we have found evidence of what we suggest may be closely spaced solar g-mode lines. Such modes are produced by a density inversion at the top of the solar core. There is no sign of these modes in the Pinyon Flats data, but we find this is likely due to the signal-to-noise ratio of those data, which is significantly lower than Homestake. Significance tests of bands below 500 μHz indicate with probability levels as high as 40σ that these lines are not the result of random processes. Critical examination of our processing steps for sources of bias indicate that the observed line structure is not a processing artifact.

Dysrhythmias in Laypersons During Centrifuge-Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight.

PubMed

Suresh, Rahul; Blue, Rebecca S; Mathers, Charles H; Castleberry, Tarah L; Vanderploeg, James M

2017-11-01

There are limited data on cardiac dysrhythmias in laypersons during hypergravity exposure. We report layperson electrocardiograph (ECG) findings and tolerance of dysrhythmias during centrifuge-simulated suborbital spaceflight. Volunteers participated in varied-length centrifuge training programs of 2-7 centrifuge runs over 0.5-2 d, culminating in two simulated suborbital spaceflights of combined +Gz and +Gx (peak +4.0 Gz, +6.0 Gx, duration 5 s). Monitors recorded pre- and post-run mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), 6-s average heart rate (HR) collected at prespecified points during exposures, documented dysrhythmias observed on continuous 3-lead ECG, self-reported symptoms, and objective signs of intolerance on real-time video monitoring. Participating in the study were 148 subjects (43 women). Documented dysrhythmias included sinus pause (N = 5), couplet premature ventricular contractions (N = 4), bigeminy (N = 3), accelerated idioventricular rhythm (N = 1), and relative bradycardia (RB, defined as a transient HR drop of >20 bpm; N = 63). None were associated with subjective symptoms or objective signs of acceleration intolerance. Episodes of RB occurred only during +Gx exposures. Subjects had a higher post-run vs. pre-run MAP after all exposures, but demonstrated no difference in pre- and post-run HR. RB was more common in men, younger individuals, and subjects experiencing more centrifuge runs. Dysrhythmias in laypersons undergoing simulated suborbital spaceflight were well tolerated, though RB was frequently noted during short-duration +Gx exposure. No subjects demonstrated associated symptoms or objective hemodynamic sequelae from these events. Even so, heightened caution remains warranted when monitoring dysrhythmias in laypersons with significant cardiopulmonary disease or taking medications that modulate cardiac conduction.Suresh R, Blue RS, Mathers CH, Castleberry TL, Vanderploeg JM. Dysrhythmias in laypersons during centrifuge-stimulated suborbital spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(11):1008-1015.

A time-driven activity-based costing model to improve health-care resource use in Mirebalais, Haiti.

PubMed

Mandigo, Morgan; O'Neill, Kathleen; Mistry, Bipin; Mundy, Bryan; Millien, Christophe; Nazaire, Yolande; Damuse, Ruth; Pierre, Claire; Mugunga, Jean Claude; Gillies, Rowan; Lucien, Franciscka; Bertrand, Karla; Luo, Eva; Costas, Ainhoa; Greenberg, Sarah L M; Meara, John G; Kaplan, Robert

2015-04-27

In resource-limited settings, efficiency is crucial to maximise resources available for patient care. Time driven activity-based costing (TDABC) estimates costs directly from clinical and administrative processes used in patient care, thereby providing valuable information for process improvements. TDABC is more accurate and simpler than traditional activity-based costing because it assigns resource costs to patients based on the amount of time clinical and staff resources are used in patient encounters. Other costing approaches use somewhat arbitrary allocations that provide little transparency into the actual clinical processes used to treat medical conditions. TDABC has been successfully applied in European and US health-care settings to facilitate process improvements and new reimbursement approaches, but it has not been used in resource-limited settings. We aimed to optimise TDABC for use in a resource-limited setting to provide accurate procedure and service costs, reliably predict financing needs, inform quality improvement initiatives, and maximise efficiency. A multidisciplinary team used TDABC to map clinical processes for obstetric care (vaginal and caesarean deliveries, from triage to post-partum discharge) and breast cancer care (diagnosis, chemotherapy, surgery, and support services, such as pharmacy, radiology, laboratory, and counselling) at Hôpital Universitaire de Mirebalais (HUM) in Haiti. The team estimated the direct costs of personnel, equipment, and facilities used in patient care based on the amount of time each of these resources was used. We calculated inpatient personnel costs by allocating provider costs per staffed bed, and assigned indirect costs (administration, facility maintenance and operations, education, procurement and warehouse, bloodbank, and morgue) to various subgroups of the patient population. This study was approved by the Partners in Health/Zanmi Lasante Research Committee. The direct cost of an uncomplicated vaginal delivery at HUM was US$62 and the direct cost of a caesarean delivery was US$249. The direct costs of breast cancer care (including diagnostics, chemotherapy, and mastectomy) totalled US$1393. A mastectomy, including post-anaesthesia recovery and inpatient stay, totalled US$282 in direct costs. Indirect costs comprised 26-38% of total costs, and salaries were the largest percentage of total costs (51-72%). Accurate costing of health services is vital for financial officers and funders. TDABC showed opportunities at HUM to optimise use of resources and reduce costs-for instance, by streamlining sterilisation procedures and redistributing certain tasks to improve teamwork. TDABC has also improved budget forecasting and informed financing decisions. HUM leadership recognised its value to improve health-care delivery and expand access in low-resource settings. Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Business School, and Partners in Health. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Human-Associated Fecal Quantitative Polymerase Chain ReactionMeasurements and Simulated Risk of Gastrointestinal Illness in Recreational Waters Contaminated with Raw Sewage

EPA Science Inventory

We used quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) to estimate the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) illness associated with swimming in recreational waters containing different concentrations of human-associated fecal qPCR markers from raw sewage– HF183 and HumM2. The volume/volu...

Energy: Can We Meet the Increasing Demand?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roman, Harry T.

2006-01-01

Energy is the lifeblood of the United States. It powers its industries and keeps its economy humming. The nation's progress has relied on making energy abundantly available to support the growth of new ideas and products, and the issue of renewable energy is an increasingly important one. In this article, the author discusses some of the basics of…

Artful Pedagogy: (En)Visioning the Unfinished Whole

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shields, Sara Scott; Guyotte, Kelly W.; Weedo, Nicole

2016-01-01

The hum of florescent lights still drone quietly in the background just as they did in the high school art classrooms of the authors, only now they are teaching research methods and educational theory and practice in the academy, not sculpture, ceramics, drawing, or painting 1 Occasionally we refer to Sara's and Kelly's experiences as high school…

ASSOCIATIONS AMONG WATERSHED- AND SITE-SCALE DISTURBANCES INDICATORS AND FISH ASSEMBLAGES AT LEAST- AND MOST-DISTURBED STREAM AND RIVER SITES IN WESTERN USA

EPA Science Inventory

At broad scales, the kinds and intensity of human disturbance to streams vary with natural gradients (e.g., elevation). While fish assemblages vary with both human and natural gradients, ecological condition assessments need to partition out the natural gradients to evaluate hum...

KSC-05PD-1596

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2005-01-01

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. The NASA News Center at NASA Kennedy Space Center hums with activity as workers and volunteers behind the counter help the media during launch activities for Return to Flight mission STS-114. More than a thousand media representatives from 36 states, the District of Columbia and 32 countries converged on the News Center for the historic launch.

1997 Accession Medical Standards Analysis & Research Activity (AMSARA) Annual Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-05-01

3.7 Hip Dental 13 2.8 Hip dislocation 44 2.1 Injury-lower 11 2.4 Foot-ankle 41 1.9 extremities Prior knee surgery .7 1.5 Curvature of the spine 35...Genetic Influences in Childhood-Onset Psychiatric Disorders: Autism and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Am J Hum Genet 1997;60:1276-1282

Human Resources Research Office Bibliography of Publications as of 30 June 1968.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

George Washington Univ., Alexandria, VA. Human Resources Research Office.

A bibliography has been compiled to provide as complete information as is feasible about research publications and by-products from the Human Resources Research Office (HumRRO). It includes abstracts for many items; key word out of context indexing; author indexes; and AD numbers, indicating items available to qualified users through the Defense…

Role of Polymerase Gamma Mutations in Breast Tumorigenesis

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-08-01

2005;309:481–484. [PubMed: 16020738] 47. Alonso A, Martin P, Albarran C, Aquilera B, Garcia O, Guzman A, et al. Detection of somatic mutations in the...Hum. Genet 2005;76:1081–1086. [PubMed: 15877282] 30. Spinazzola A, Viscomi C, Fernandez -Vizarra E, Carrara F, D’Adamo P, Calvo S, et al. MPV17

The Role of Polymerase Gamma Mutations in Breast Tumorigenesis

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

481–484. [PubMed: 16020738] 47. Alonso A, Martin P, Albarran C, Aquilera B, Garcia O, Guzman A, et al. Detection of somatic mutations in the...Hum. Genet 2005;76:1081–1086. [PubMed: 15877282] 30. Spinazzola A, Viscomi C, Fernandez -Vizarra E, Carrara F, D’Adamo P, Calvo S, et al. MPV17 encodes

Commercial Newspapers May Be Struggling, but Student Ones Are Humming along

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keller, Josh

2008-01-01

It's all doom and gloom in commercial newspapers these days: buyouts, layoffs, and fleeing advertisers. However, most student newspapers seem to be doing just fine. Student publications are not entirely immune to the changes in readership and advertising spending that have severely cut into the profits of much of the newspaper industry. However,…

OER and the Common Core

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waters, John K.

2013-01-01

If anyone had thought to recognize a K-12 educational buzzword of the year for 2012, it would surely have been "open educational resources" (OER). Ed tech media has fairly hummed with the topic, largely with exciting predictions: OER would give cash-strapped K-12 educators access to high-quality tools and content for their classrooms at little or…

Voice Training and Therapy with a Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract: Rationale and Scientific Underpinnings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Titze, Ingo R.

2006-01-01

Purpose: Voice therapy with a semi-occluded vocal tract has a long history. The use of lip trills, tongue trills, bilabial fricatives, humming, and phonation into tubes or straws has been hailed by clinicians, singing teachers, and voice coaches as efficacious for training and rehabilitation. Little has been done, however, to provide the…

Preliminary evaluation of feeder and lint slide moisture addition on ginning, fiber quality, and textile processing of western cotton

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of moisture addition at the gin stand feeder conditioning hopper and/or the battery condenser slide on gin performance and Western cotton fiber quality and textile processing. The test treatments included no moisture addition, feeder hopper hum...

Students' Perspective on Web 2.0-Enhanced Telecollaboration as Added Value in Translator Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marczak, Mariusz

2016-01-01

The development of soft skills, which are the most critical skills in the global job market (Abbas & Hum, 2013), is an essential goal of contemporary translator education (Mathias, 2013). A solution that permits students to simultaneously develop translation skills and soft skills is telecollaboration (Dooly & O'Dowd, 2012), i.e. the use…

Genetics Home Reference: Lynch syndrome

MedlinePlus

... or EPCAM gene increase the risk of developing Lynch syndrome . The MLH1 , MSH2 , MSH6 , and PMS2 genes are involved in the repair of errors that ... B, Eisinger F, Hutter P, Olschwang S. Clinical utility gene card for: Lynch syndrome (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM) - update 2012. Eur J Hum Genet. 2013 ...

Sleep Disturbance in Female Flight Attendants and Teachers.

PubMed

Grajewski, Barbara; Whelan, Elizabeth A; Nguyen, Mimi M; Kwan, Lorna; Cole, Roger J

2016-07-01

Flight attendants (FAs) may experience circadian disruption due to travel during normal sleep hours and through multiple time zones. This study investigated whether FAs are at higher risk for sleep disturbance compared to teachers, as assessed by questionnaire, diary, and activity monitors. Sleep/wake cycles of 45 FAs and 25 teachers were studied. For one menstrual cycle, participants wore an activity monitor and kept a daily diary. Sleep metrics included total sleep in the main sleep period (MSP), sleep efficiency (proportion of MSP spent sleeping), and nocturnal sleep fraction (proportion of sleep between 10 p.m. to 8 a.m. home time). Relationships between sleep metrics and occupation were analyzed with mixed and generalized linear models. Both actigraph and diary data suggest that FAs sleep longer than teachers. However, several actigraph indices of sleep disturbance indicated that FAs incurred significant impairment of sleep compared to teachers. FAs were more likely than teachers to have poor sleep efficiency [adjusted odds ratio (OR) for lowest quartile of sleep efficiency = 1.9, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.2 - 3.0] and to have a smaller proportion of their sleep between 10 p.m. and 8 a.m. home time (adjusted OR for lowest quartile of nocturnal sleep fraction = 3.1, CI 1.1 -9.0). Study FAs experienced increased sleep disturbance compared to teachers, which may indicate circadian disruption. Grajewski B, Whelan EA, Nguyen MM, Kwan L, Cole RJ. Sleep disturbance in female flight attendants and teachers. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(7)638-645.

Immunochemistry of Rat Lung Tumorigenesis

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-10-01

immunosuppressive and that both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses are affected (Stjernsward, 1969, 1972 and Prehn , 1963). The relationship of...M.A. and R.T. Prehn , (1972), Immune Status of Autochtonous and Adoptively Protected Mice Toward Spontaneous and Chemically Induced Tumors, Cancer Res...in Human Chromosomes, Hum. Genet. 38:271-278. Prehn , R.T., (1963), Function of Depressed Immunologic Reactivity during Carcinogenesis, J. Natl. Cancer

More Than Meets the Eye: How Relationships Enhance Literacy Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Skolnick, Donna

Why does one classroom hum with productivity and enthusiasm and the one next door sag under the weight of the work? To understand the invisible forces within a classroom of busy children, people must look beneath the surface to the relationships that shape behavior and determine daily patterns of teaching and learning. This book focuses on the web…

Advanced Medical Countermeasures Consortium

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-10-01

acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Enteral Nutrition in ARDS Study Group. Crit Care Med...molecular mechanism of action, and (3) efficacy of countermeasures for HD injury. Studies on the Yucatan mini-pig have demonstrated that laminin in...Lindsay CD, Rice P. Changes in connective tissue macromolecular components of Yucatan mini-pig skin following application of sulphur mustard vapour. Hum

Brief Report: Reduction of Inappropriate Vocalizations for a Child with Autism Using a Self-Management Treatment Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mancina, Catherine; Tankersley, Melody; Kamps, Debra; Kravits, Tammy; Parrett, Jean

2000-01-01

A study examined the effects of a self-management program used to reduce high rates of inappropriate vocalizations (e.g., humming, tongue clucking, perseveration, and echolalic words/phases) in a 12-year-old girl with autism. When self-management was applied to inappropriate vocalizations during leisure, prevocational, and reading tasks, the…

Use of the Polymerase Chain Reaction and Complementary DNA Probes in the Detection of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Carriers

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

dominant or X-linked mutations, for example DMD and lethal osteogenesis imperfecta (1, 97). This phenomenon is the result of a dual population of...of the mutations. Am J Hum Genet 1988; 43: 620-29. 97. Cohn DH, Starman B, Blumberg B, Byers PH. Recurrence of lethal osteogenesis imperfecta due to

Dietary Influences on Alpha-Methylacyl-CoA Racemase (AMACR) Expression in the Prostate

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-04-01

calculated from the point where each curve crossed the threshold line (Ct) using the following equation : Rel. value = 2[Ct(control) Ct(test)]test...pancreatic cancer. J Hum Genet 2005;50:159–67. 41. Armes JE, Hammet F, de Silva M, et al. Candidate tumor-suppressor genes on chromosome arm 8p in early

Dietary Influences on Alpha-Methylacyl-CoA Racemase (AMACR) Expression in the Prostate

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-04-01

mRNA levels were calculated from the point where each curve crossed the threshold line (Ct) using the following equation : Rel. value = 2[Ct(control...Sunamura M, Horii A. Abrogation of DUSP6 by hypermethylation in human pancreatic cancer. J Hum Genet 2005;50:159–67. 41. Armes JE, Hammet F, de Silva M, et

The Application of Theoretical Factors in Teaching Problem Solving by Programed Instruction. HumRRO-TR-68-4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seidel, Robert J.; Hunter, Harold G.

In continuing research into the technology of training, a study was undertaken to devise guidelines for applying programed instruction to training courses that involve the learning of principles and rules for use in problem solving. As a research vehicle, a portion of the material in the Army's Programing Specialist Course was programed to explore…

A case study of acoustics and vibration of mine fans

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Novak, T.; Vitton, S.J.

1995-11-01

In December 1991, several residents of Hueytown, AL, began hearing what they referred to as a mysterious sound. This sound, which became known as the Hueytown Hum, was alleged to be so disruptive that one resident claimed it made it impossible to hold a prayer meeting in this house. Bathroom pipes were said to rattle, and the sound would quickly come and go. This phenomenon attracted considerable attention from the news media, including ABC Evening News, CNN, The New York times, A Current Affair, and others. Jim Walter Resources Inc. (JWR) owns and operates a large underground coal mine inmore » the vicinity of Hueytown, and city officials were quick to blame the mysterious sound on a mine-ventilation fan which was installed at approximately the same time the noise began.To address the concerns of the city officials, JWR contracted with The University of Alabama to perform a study to determine if the ventilation fans were a contributing factor to the Hueytown Hum. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acoustical and vibrational characteristics of the JWR fans operating in the Hueytown area. This paper presents the findings of this investigation.« less

Simultaneous detection of human mitochondrial DNA and nuclear-inserted mitochondrial-origin sequences (NumtS) using forensic mtDNA amplification strategies and pyrosequencing technology.

PubMed

Bintz, Brittania J; Dixon, Groves B; Wilson, Mark R

2014-07-01

Next-generation sequencing technologies enable the identification of minor mitochondrial DNA variants with higher sensitivity than Sanger methods, allowing for enhanced identification of minor variants. In this study, mixtures of human mtDNA control region amplicons were subjected to pyrosequencing to determine the detection threshold of the Roche GS Junior(®) instrument (Roche Applied Science, Indianapolis, IN). In addition to expected variants, a set of reproducible variants was consistently found in reads from one particular amplicon. A BLASTn search of the variant sequence revealed identity to a segment of a 611-bp nuclear insertion of the mitochondrial control region (NumtS) spanning the primer-binding sites of this amplicon (Nature 1995;378:489). Primers (Hum Genet 2012;131:757; Hum Biol 1996;68:847) flanking the insertion were used to confirm the presence or absence of the NumtS in buccal DNA extracts from twenty donors. These results further our understanding of human mtDNA variation and are expected to have a positive impact on the interpretation of mtDNA profiles using deep-sequencing methods in casework. © 2014 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Optimisation of single-phase dry-thermophilic anaerobic digestion under high organic loading rates of industrial municipal solid waste: population dynamics.

PubMed

Zahedi, S; Sales, D; Romero, L I; Solera, R

2013-10-01

Different high feed organic loading rates (OLRs) (from 5.7 g to 46.0 g TVS/l/d) or hydraulic retention times (HRTs) (from 15 d to 2 d) in single-phase dry-thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic fraction municipal solid waste (OFMSW) were investigated. The specific gas production (SGP) values (0.25-0.53 m(3)/kg TVS) and the percentages of Eubacteria, Archaea, H2-utilising methanogens (HUMs) and acetate-utilising methanogens (AUMs) were stable within the ranges 80.2-91.1%, 12.4-18.5%, 4.4-9.8% and 5.5-10.9%, respectively. A HUM/AUM ratio greater than 0.7 seems to be necessary to maintain very low partial pressures of H2 required for dry AD process. Increasing OLR resulted in an increase in all the populations, except for propionate-utilising acetogens (PUAs). Optimal conditions were obtained at 3d HRT (OLR=30.7 g TVS/l/d), which is lower than the doubling time of acetogens and methanogens. The methane production (MP) was clearly higher than those reported in AD of OFMSW. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Quantitative CrAssphage PCR Assays for Human Fecal ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Environmental waters are monitored for fecal pollution to protect public health and water resources. Traditionally, general fecal indicator bacteria are used; however, they cannot distinguish human fecal waste from pollution from other animals. Recently, a novel bacteriophage, crAssphage, was discovered by metagenomic data mining and reported to be abundant in and closely associated with human fecal waste. To confirm bioinformatic predictions, 384 primer sets were designed along the length of the crAssphage genome. Based upon initial screening, two novel crAssphage qPCR assays (CPQ_056 and CPQ_064) were designed and evaluated in reference fecal samples and water matrices. The assays exhibited high specificities (98.6%) when tested against a large animal fecal reference library and were highly abundant in raw sewage and sewage impacted water samples. In addition, CPQ_056 and CPQ_064 assay performance was compared to HF183/BacR287 and HumM2 methods in paired experiments. Findings confirm viral crAssphage qPCR assays perform at a similar level to well established bacterial human-associated fecal source identification technologies. These new viral based assays could become important water quality management and research tools. To inform the public.

A Comparison of the neural correlates that underlie rule-based and information-integration category learning.

PubMed

Carpenter, Kathryn L; Wills, Andy J; Benattayallah, Abdelmalek; Milton, Fraser

2016-10-01

The influential competition between verbal and implicit systems (COVIS) model proposes that category learning is driven by two competing neural systems-an explicit, verbal, system, and a procedural-based, implicit, system. In the current fMRI study, participants learned either a conjunctive, rule-based (RB), category structure that is believed to engage the explicit system, or an information-integration category structure that is thought to preferentially recruit the implicit system. The RB and information-integration category structures were matched for participant error rate, the number of relevant stimulus dimensions, and category separation. Under these conditions, considerable overlap in brain activation, including the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and the hippocampus, was found between the RB and information-integration category structures. Contrary to the predictions of COVIS, the medial temporal lobes and in particular the hippocampus, key regions for explicit memory, were found to be more active in the information-integration condition than in the RB condition. No regions were more activated in RB than information-integration category learning. The implications of these results for theories of category learning are discussed. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3557-3574, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Pathogenesis of Germline and Somatic NF1 Rearrangements

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-10-01

de novo DNA deletion in a patient with sporadic neurofibromatosis 1, mental retardation, and dysmorphism . J Med Genet 29:686-90. Leppig, K., Kaplan...a patient with sporadic neurofibromatosis 1, mental retardation, and dysmorphism . J. Med. Genet., 29, 686-690. 13. Kayes, L.M., Burke, W., Riccardi...gene are predominantly of maternal origin and commonly associated with a learning disability, dysmorphic features and developmental delay. Hum. Genet

Selenium Potentiates Chemotherapeutic Selectivity: Improving Efficacy and Reducing Toxicity

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-04-01

C., et al., Genetic correction of DNA repair-deficient/cancer- prone xeroderma pigmentosum group C keratinocytes. Hum Gene Ther, 2003. 14(10): p...983-96. 4. Muotri, A.R., et al., Complementation of the DNA repair deficiency in human xeroderma pigmentosum group a and C cells by recombinant...survival Keywords: DNA-repair, carboplatin, cisplatin, myelosuppression Abbreviations: Xpc, protein encoded by the xeroderma pigmentosum XPC

A Thousand Lessons I Want to Teach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hinshaw, Craig

2009-01-01

Machu Picchu, the lost city of the Incas in Peru, was recently voted one of the new Seven Wonders of the World. Also in Peru are the mysterious Nazca Lines--a humming bird, a spider, and trapezoids--which are etched in the desert so large they can only be seen from an airplane. The author experienced some of these places recently when he and his…

The Needs of Tribal Men and the Social Service Providers on or Near the Nez Perce Indian Nation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

High Eagle, Gordon; And Others

This report results from an action research project of the Nee Mee Poom Ha Hum (Men's Coalition), investigating the needs of tribal men in the Nez Perce Indian Nation, as part of planning to improve men's development. Research was directed toward interviewing a stratified random sample of tribal men and interviewing the directors and employees of…

I Hear America Humming and It Is out of Tune: Review of Paul G. Woodford's "Democracy and Music Education"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peters, Michael A.

2008-01-01

This article presents the author's critique on Paul G. Woodford's positions with regard to music education and the notion of liberal democracy. The author seeks to broaden the contextual/historical scholarship around John Dewey and makes it clear that liberalism is a contested concept, as is democracy. He calls for contemporary responses to…

Assessment of carbon storage under rainforests in Humic Hapludox along a climosequence extending from the Atlantic coast to the highlands of northeastern Brazil.

PubMed

Araujo, Jane Kelly Silva; de Souza Júnior, Valdomiro Severino; Marques, Flávio Adriano; Voroney, Paul; da Silva Souza, Regilene Angelica

2016-10-15

An understanding of the stock of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the umbric epipedon of Oxisols located in the tropical forests surrounded by a semi-arid region is limited but essential because of their importance in the global cycle of carbon (C). The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of climatic (temperature and rainfall), soil organic matter (SOM) composition and litter on the stability of C in surfaces and subsurfaces in five Humic Oxisols along a 475-km climosequence from 143 to 963ma.s.l. in a tropical environment in northeastern Brazil. We assessed vertical changes in SOC; soil total nitrogen (N); C from the microbial biomass; δ(13)C, δ(15)N and the humified composition of SOM; the composition of the humin (HUM) fraction by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR); and Thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) at depth. The elemental and isotopic composition of the litter samples were analyzed in all areas studied. The results indicated that the current climate and recalcitrant organic compounds are not preponderant factors in the formation of the umbric epipedon, as suggested by the partial influence of temperature and rainfall on SOM. In addition, SOM was dominated by easily decomposable compounds, as indicated by the predominance of aliphatic C-H groups in the HUM fraction in the FTIR spectra; by the thermal oxidation through DSC-TG, which revealed that approximately 50% of the HUM was composed easily decomposable compounds; and by the high proportion of organic C present in the microbial biomass. Values of δ(13)C showed a predominance of C3 plant-C in SOM whereas δ(15)N patterns indicated that N dynamics differ among the profiles and drive the accumulation of C. These findings can help to characterize the susceptibility of these soils to changes in climate and land use and the implications for the sequestration of soil C. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Peracetic acid disinfection kinetics for combined sewer overflows: indicator organisms, antibiotic resistance genes, and microbial community.

PubMed

Eramo, Alessia; Medina, William Morales; Fahrenfeld, Nicole L

2017-01-01

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) degrade water quality and end-of-pipe treatment is one potential solution for retrofitting this outdated infrastructure. The goal of this research was to evaluate peracetic acid (PAA) as a disinfectant for CSOs using viability based molecular methods for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), indicator organism marker gene BacHum, and 16S rRNA genes. Simulated CSO effluent was prepared using 23-40% wastewater, representing the higher end of the range of wastewater concentrations reported in CSO effluent. PAA residual following disinfection was greatest for samples with the lowest initial COD. Treatment of simulated CSO effluent (23% wastewater) with 100 mg∙min/L PAA (5 mg/L PAA, 20 min) was needed to reduce viable cell sul 1, tet (G), and BacHum (1.0±0.63-3.2±0.25-log) while 25 to 50 mg•min/L PAA (5 mg/L PAA, 5-10 min) was needed to reduce viable cell loads (0.62±0.56-1.6±0.08-log) in 40% wastewater from a different municipal treatment plant. Increasing contact time after the initial decrease in viable cell gene copies did not significantly improve treatment. A much greater applied Ct of 1200 mg∙min/L PAA (20 mg/L PAA, 60 min) was required for significant log reduction of 16S rRNA genes (3.29±0.13-log). No significant losses of mex B were observed during the study. Data were fitted to a Chick-Watson model and resulting inactivation constants for sul 1 and tet (G) > BacHum > 16S rRNA. Amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene indicated the initial viable and total microbial communities were distinct and that treatment with PAA resulted in marked increases of the relative abundance of select phyla, particularly Clostridia which increased by 1-1.5 orders of magnitude. Results confirm that membrane disruption is a mechanism for PAA disinfection and further treatment is needed to reduce total ARGs in CSO effluent.

Development of DS-5573a: A novel afucosylated mAb directed at B7-H3 with potent antitumor activity.

PubMed

Nagase-Zembutsu, Akiko; Hirotani, Kenji; Yamato, Michiko; Yamaguchi, Junko; Takata, Takehiko; Yoshida, Makoto; Fukuchi, Keisuke; Yazawa, Mitsuhiro; Takahashi, Shu; Agatsuma, Toshinori

2016-05-01

B7-H3 is highly overexpressed in a variety of human clinical tumors, and its expression is significantly associated with poor outcomes. In our study, we aimed to develop new antitumor mAbs by employing cancer cell immunization, and succeeded in generating a mouse anti-human B7-H3 antibody (M30) that shows antitumor activity. M30 was humanized (Hu-M30), and an afucosylated Hu-M30 (DS-5573a) was also generated. To assess the potency of DS-5573a as a therapeutic mAb, we characterized this mAb and evaluated its antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry analysis showed that B7-H3 proteins were expressed on various types of cancer cell lines broadly, and DS-5573a binds to IgC1 and IgC2 domains of human B7-H3. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity of DS-5573a was drastically enhanced against medium to high B7-H3-expressing cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and NCI-H322. DS-5573a also induced high antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity against low B7-H3-expressing cancer cell line COLO205, whereas Hu-M30 induced little activity against it. In addition, DS-5573a was found to be a novel anti-B7-H3 antibody which showed antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis activity. Furthermore, DS-5573a showed dose-dependent and significant antitumor efficacy (0.03-3 mg/kg) in MDA-MB-231-bearing SCID mice (which have functional natural killer cells and macrophages), but little antitumor efficacy in NOG mice (which lack natural killer cells and have reduced macrophage function). These results suggest that antitumor activity of DS-5573a is mediated by effector cells, and this mAb could be a promising antitumor therapy for patients with a wide range of B7-H3-expressing tumors. © 2016 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.

Background Lamb waves in the Earth's atmosphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nishida, K.; Kobayashi, N.; Fukao, Y.

2013-12-01

Lamb waves of the Earth's atmosphere in the millihertz band have been considered as transient phenomena excited only by large events [e.g. the major volcanic eruption of Krakatoa in 1833, the impact of Siberian meteorite in 1908, the testing of large nuclear tests and the huge earthquakes, Garrett1969]. In a case of the solid Earth, observation of background free oscillations in the millihertz band-now known as Earth's background free oscillations or seismic hum, has been firmly established. Above 5 mHz, their dominant excitation sources are oceanic infragravity waves. At 3.7 and 4.4 mHz an elasto-acoustic resonance between the solid Earth and the atmosphere was observed [Nishida et al., 2000]. These seismic observations show that the contribution of atmospheric disturbances to the seismic hum is dominant below 5 mHz. Such contribution implies background excitations of acoustic-gravity waves in this frequency range. For direct detection of the background acoustic-gravity waves, our group conducted observations using an array of barometers [Nishida et al. 2005]. However, the spatial scale of the array of about 10 km was too small to detect acoustic modes below 10 mHz. Since then, no direct observations of these waves have been reported. In 2011, 337 high-resolution microbarometers were installed on a continental scale at USArray Transportable Array. The large and dense array enables us to detect the background atmospheric waves. Here, we show the first evidence of background Lamb waves in the Earth's atmosphere from 0.2 to 10 mHz, based on the array analysis of microbarometer data from the USArray in 2012. The observations suggest that the excitation sources are atmospheric disturbances in the troposphere. Theoretically, their energy in the troposphere tunnels into the thermosphere at a resonant frequency via thermospheric gravity wave, where the observed amplitudes indeed take a local minimum. The energy leak through the frequency window could partly contribute to thermospheric wave activity. Tropospheric disturbances exciting background Lamb waves may also be responsible for seismic hum at frequencies below 5 mHz.

Epicenters of dynamic connectivity in the adaptation of the ventral visual system.

PubMed

Prčkovska, Vesna; Huijbers, Willem; Schultz, Aaron; Ortiz-Teran, Laura; Peña-Gomez, Cleofe; Villoslada, Pablo; Johnson, Keith; Sperling, Reisa; Sepulcre, Jorge

2017-04-01

Neuronal responses adapt to familiar and repeated sensory stimuli. Enhanced synchrony across wide brain systems has been postulated as a potential mechanism for this adaptation phenomenon. Here, we used recently developed graph theory methods to investigate hidden connectivity features of dynamic synchrony changes during a visual repetition paradigm. Particularly, we focused on strength connectivity changes occurring at local and distant brain neighborhoods. We found that connectivity reorganization in visual modal cortex-such as local suppressed connectivity in primary visual areas and distant suppressed connectivity in fusiform areas-is accompanied by enhanced local and distant connectivity in higher cognitive processing areas in multimodal and association cortex. Moreover, we found a shift of the dynamic functional connections from primary-visual-fusiform to primary-multimodal/association cortex. These findings suggest that repetition-suppression is made possible by reorganization of functional connectivity that enables communication between low- and high-order areas. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1965-1976, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Single-crossover recombination in discrete time.

PubMed

von Wangenheim, Ute; Baake, Ellen; Baake, Michael

2010-05-01

Modelling the process of recombination leads to a large coupled nonlinear dynamical system. Here, we consider a particular case of recombination in discrete time, allowing only for single crossovers. While the analogous dynamics in continuous time admits a closed solution (Baake and Baake in Can J Math 55:3-41, 2003), this no longer works for discrete time. A more general model (i.e. without the restriction to single crossovers) has been studied before (Bennett in Ann Hum Genet 18:311-317, 1954; Dawson in Theor Popul Biol 58:1-20, 2000; Linear Algebra Appl 348:115-137, 2002) and was solved algorithmically by means of Haldane linearisation. Using the special formalism introduced by Baake and Baake (Can J Math 55:3-41, 2003), we obtain further insight into the single-crossover dynamics and the particular difficulties that arise in discrete time. We then transform the equations to a solvable system in a two-step procedure: linearisation followed by diagonalisation. Still, the coefficients of the second step must be determined in a recursive manner, but once this is done for a given system, they allow for an explicit solution valid for all times.

Partitioning of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Fecal Indicators Varies Intra and Inter-Storm during Combined Sewer Overflows

PubMed Central

Eramo, Alessia; Delos Reyes, Hannah; Fahrenfeld, Nicole L.

2017-01-01

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) degrade water quality through the release of microbial contaminants in CSO effluent. Improved understanding of the partitioning of microbial contaminants onto settleable particles can provide insight into their fate in end-of-pipe treatment systems or following release during CSO events. Sampling was performed across the hydrograph for three storm events as well as during baseflow and wet weather in three surface waters impacted by CSO. qPCR was performed for select antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) and a marker gene for human fecal indicator organisms (BacHum) in samples processed the partitioning of microbial contaminants on settleable particles versus suspended in the aqueous phase. Amplicon sequencing was performed on both fractions of storm samples to further define the timing and partitioning of microbial contaminants released during CSO events. Samples collected at the CSO outfall exhibited microbial community signatures of wastewater at select time points early or late in the storm events. CSOs were found to be a source of ARG. In surrounding surface waters, sul1 was higher in samples from select locations during wet weather compared to baseflow. Otherwise, ARG concentrations were variable with no differences between baseflow and wet weather conditions. The majority of ARG at the CSO outfall were observed on the attached fraction of samples: 64–79% of sul1 and 59–88% of tet(G). However, the timing of peak ARG and human fecal indicator marker gene BacHum did not necessarily coincide with observation of the microbial signature of wastewater in CSO effluent. Therefore, unit processes that remove settleable particles (e.g., hydrodynamic separators) operated throughout a CSO event would achieve up to (0.5–0.9)-log removal of ARG and fecal indicators by removing the attached fraction of measured genes. Secondary treatment would be required if greater removal of these targets is needed. PMID:29104562

Mitochondrial Structure and Reactive Oxygen Species in Mammary Oncogenesis

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-04-01

for the subunits of this Complex responsible for the hereditary paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma (2- 4,12,13,30,31,32) suggest that Complex II...familial pheochromocytoma and to familial paraganglioma. Am J Hum Genet. 2001, 69:49-54. 3. Baysal BE, Ferrell RE, Willett-Brozick JE, Lawrence EC...Eng C. Somatic and occult germ-line mutations in SDHD, a mitochondrial complex II gene, in nonfamilial pheochromocytoma . Cancer Res. 2000, 60

"Analysis of Leadership Styles Developed by Teachers and Administrators in Technical-Technological Programs: The Case of The Cooperative University of Colombia"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cuadros, María del Pilar Jaime; Cáceres Reche, María Pilar; Lucena, Francisco Javier Hinojo

2018-01-01

This work is part of a wider research effort in the field of leadership and organizational development, coordinated by the University of Granada and the A.R.E.A Research Group (Analysis of Educational Reality in Andaluz), HUM/672. It was developed in the Cooperative University of Colombia, a country where technical and technological programmes…

Osteoblast-Derived PTHRP and Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-11-01

short arm of chromosome 11 using aniridia - Wilms ’ tumor -associated deletions. Hum Genet 75:180-187 28. Yasuda T, Banville D, Hendy GN, Goltzman D...survival. It is, however, still unknown whether PTHrP overexpression is simply a consequence of tumor progression, or whether it is mechanistically...mammary epithelial cells and determined the consequences of this ablation on tumor initiation, growth and metastasis ( 1) (Appendix 1) . Toward this

The Research Psychologist in the Army -- 1917 to 1977

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-10-01

Katzell, David R. Krathwohl, Russell G. Leiter, E. F. Lindquist, Irving Lorge, Grace Manson, Richard H. Paynter, Ruth Pederson (Richardson), Evelyn...Boren, Martin D. Braine, Rcbert Galambos, Murray Glanzer, Eliot S. Hearst, Richard Hernstein, Ardie Lubin, Walle Nauta, Edgar H. Schein, Murray Sidman...Rasmussen, Director 1956-1962; Theodore R. Vallance , Director 1962-1966; and Preston S. Abbott, Director 1967 to 1968. July 1956. HumRRO Division No. 6

55. E.M.C., photographer July 3, 1936 HUMBOLDT COUNTY, SECTION J, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

55. E.M.C., photographer July 3, 1936 HUMBOLDT COUNTY, SECTION J, HIGHWAY 1. 1-HUM-I-J #80, BITUMULS PORTION OF EXPERIMENTAL SECTION, E.M.C, 7-3-36. BACK READS: C/PROCESSING STABILIZING BITUMULS WITH BLADE AFTER BEING PROCESSED WITH SPRING TOOTH HARROW. Stamped office copy. - Redwood National & State Parks Roads, California coast from Crescent City to Trinidad, Crescent City, Del Norte County, CA

Development of a forensic skin colour predictive test.

PubMed

Maroñas, Olalla; Phillips, Chris; Söchtig, Jens; Gomez-Tato, Antonio; Cruz, Raquel; Alvarez-Dios, José; de Cal, María Casares; Ruiz, Yarimar; Fondevila, Manuel; Carracedo, Ángel; Lareu, María V

2014-11-01

There is growing interest in skin colour prediction in the forensic field. However, a lack of consensus approaches for recording skin colour phenotype plus the complicating factors of epistatic effects, environmental influences such as exposure to the sun and unidentified genetic variants, present difficulties for the development of a forensic skin colour predictive test centred on the most strongly associated SNPs. Previous studies have analysed skin colour variation in single unadmixed population groups, including South Asians (Stokowski et al., 2007, Am. J. Hum. Genet, 81: 1119-32) and Europeans (Jacobs et al., 2013, Hum Genet. 132: 147-58). Nevertheless, a major challenge lies in the analysis of skin colour in admixed individuals, where co-ancestry proportions do not necessarily dictate any one person's skin colour. Our study sought to analyse genetic differences between African, European and admixed African-European subjects where direct spectrometric measurements and photographs of skin colour were made in parallel. We identified strong associations to skin colour variation in the subjects studied from a pigmentation SNP discovery panel of 59 markers and developed a forensic online classifier based on naïve Bayes analysis of the SNP profiles made. A skin colour predictive test is described using the ten most strongly associated SNPs in 8 genes linked to skin pigmentation variation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

On the hazard of quiet vehicles to pedestrians and drivers.

PubMed

Wogalter, Michael S; Lim, Raymond W; Nyeste, Patrick G

2014-09-01

The need to produce more efficient and less polluting vehicles has encouraged mass production of alternative energy vehicles, such as hybrid and electric cars. Many of these vehicles are capable of very quiet operation. While reducing noise pollution is desirable, quieter vehicles could negatively affect pedestrian safety because of reduced sound cues compared to louder internal combustion engines. Three studies were performed to investigate people's concern about this issue. In Study 1, a questionnaire completed by 378 people showed substantial positive interest in quiet hybrid and electric cars. However, they also indicated concern about the reduced auditory cues of quiet vehicles. In Study 2, 316 participants rated 14 sounds that could be potentially added to quiet alternative-energy vehicles. The data showed that participants did not want annoying sounds, but preferred adding "engine" and "hum" sounds relative to other types of sounds. In Study 3, 24 persons heard and rated 18 actual sounds within 6 categories that were added to a video of a hybrid vehicle driving by. The sounds most preferred were "engine" followed by "white noise" and "hum". Implications for adding sounds to facilitate pedestrians' detection of moving vehicles and for aiding drivers' awareness of speed are discussed. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.

Modeling of soil carbon turnover under different crop management: Calibration of RothC-model for Pannonian climate conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rampazzo Todorovic, G.; Stemmer, M.; Tatzber, M.; Katzlberger, C.; Spiegel, H.; Zehetner, F.; Gerzabek, M. H.

2009-04-01

Despite our knowledge about soil C dynamics, very few long-term data concerning soil organic C dynamics are available for calibrating and evaluating C models. The long-term 14C turnover field experiment, established in 1967 in Fuchsenbigl, Lower Austria, offers the unique opportunity to investigate the mineralization and stabilization of 14C-labeled wheat straw and farmyard manure under different cropping systems (crop rotation CR, spring wheat SW and bare fallow BF) in a long-term field experiment established by H.-E. Oberländer in 1967 in Fuchsenbigl/Lower Austria. In this work the Roth-C-26.3-model was calibrated for the Pannonian climatic region based on the field experiment results. Decomposition rate constants were modified regarding the possible climatic influence on carbon sequestration in soil C pools. The modeled output based on the calibrated model fitted better to measured values than data obtained with the original Roth-C-26.3-model parameters. The main change was in the decomposition rate constant for the HUM (humified) soil C pool, which is now fitted for different plots from 0.005 to 0.01 y-1 instead of 0.02 y-1 as determined in the original Rothamsted field trial. Moreover, for one plot, in addition to the HUM pool, the decomposition rate constant for RPM (resistant plant material) pool was fitted at 0.7 y-1 instead of 0.3 y-1 as originally in the Roth-C-26.3-model. These changes yielded a higher HUM pool in the calibrated model because of the longer turnover period (100-200 versus 50 years). Compared with CR and SW treatments, the decline of TOC was largest in the BF treatments as expected because no significant carbon input has occurred since 1967. Nonetheless, the decline was still not as fast as calculated with original RothC-26.3-model decomposition rate constants. The specific research question was the long-term effect of residue removal on SOM levels under different crop management, under different soil conditions and different climatic regimes of Fuchsenbigl (Austria), Rothamsted (UK) and Ultuna (Sweden). Modeling results of removing the crop residues showed that this can entail a long-term decline of SOM. However, these impacts are strongly dependent on the crop types, the soil properties, and the climatic conditions at a given location. Modeling results of the removal of crop residues showed that it can entail a long-term decline of SOM. A comparison of modeling results for winter wheat and spring barley for Rothamsted/UK, Fuchsenbigl/Austria and Ultuna/Sweden indicate slight SOC decreases at the Fuchsenbigl site when 100% of the straw was removed and increasing trends when 50% was removed. However, at the Rothamsted and Ultuna sites, 50% straw removal still resulted in declining SOC stocks.

Secondary Education Credentials: A Military Enlistment Policy Dilemma

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-11-01

fall 1980 data from the National Center for Education Statistics , showing the enrollment rankings for church related schools to be: (1) Catholic, (2...34Unclassified 8ECURITY CLASSI•ICATION OP THIS PA•OEMn Data SnI..ed) Final Report HumIRRO FR.PRD.3.-22 Secondary Education Credentials: A Military...Commission of the States National Home Study Council* 11 •National Center for Education Statistics National Institute of Education 3 National Association of

Radiation-Induced Germ Cell Mutations-Their Detection and Modification.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-06-30

the zygote before or soon after implantation. Boue et. al (13) estimate that 66% of all early abortuses have chromosomal anomalies, and the...Ann. Hum. Genet. 36: 185-194, 1972. 6. Lazar, P., S. Gueguen, J. Boue and A. Boue . Epidemiologie des avortements 0 spontanes precoces: A propos de 1...469 avortements caryotypes, in: A. Boue * and C. Thibault (eds.), Les Accidents Chromosomniques de la Reproduction, .INSERM, Paris, 1973, pp. 319-331. 7

Deepening and Extending Channels for Navigation, Georgetown Harbor, South Carolina. Review of Reports.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-01-01

South Carolina fo 9*10=0 ~c cmd me, hA. lUU~h~hum~gd.~ JANUARY 1978 85 01 11 084 S ~~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FEASIBILITY REPORT REVIEW OF REPORT...ADOPTED JANUARY 28, 1958 2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT . . °.. . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. -" . , .". * * . . . . . . . .. -~ . . . -. REVIEW OF REPORTS... review . As a result of this review , it was judged that some of the basic assumptions presented in the draft report were no longer applicable and that

Investigating Mental Workload Changes in a Long Duration Supervisory Control Task

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-05-06

attention to local and global target features. Brain Cogn ., 81, 370–375. Derosière, G., Mandrick, K., Dray, G., Ward, T.E. and Perrey, S. (2013) NIRS...measured prefrontal cortex activity in neuroer- gonomics: strengths and weaknesses. Front. Hum. Neurosci ., 7, 583. Durantin, G., Gagnon, J.-F., Tremblay...Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience , San Diego, CA. Interacting with Computers, Vol. 27 No. 5, 2015 by

Preinjury Psychological Status, Injury Severity and Postdeployment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-01

Millennium Cohort Study Team. Smallpox vaccination : comparison of self-reported and electronic vaccine records in the Millennium Cohort Study. Hum Vaccin ...Smith B, Leard CA, Smith TC, Reed RJ, Ryan MAK; Millennium Cohort Study Team. Anthrax vaccination in the Millennium Cohort: validation and measures of...in Adults With Autism Spectrum Dis- orders” by Suzuki et al, published in the March 2011 is- sue of the Archives (2011;68(3):306-313), some figure

Investigation of Energy Transfer Dynamics Between Target Contrast Agents and Prostate Cancer Cells Using Ultrafast Spectroscopy

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-01

morphometric comparison with clinically detected cancer in totally embedded specimens”, Hum. Pathol., 36, 646– 654 (2005). 20. Y. Pu, W. B. Wang...combination of optical spectroscopic investigations and fractal geometric analysis presents an intriguing possibility for development of a useful...prostate cancer. Morphometric analysis in whole-mount sections’’. Virchow Arch. 2000. 437: 625-634. 4. M. Chaplin. ‘‘Do we underestimate the importance

Using the Hilbert uniqueness method in a reconstruction algorithm for electrical impedance tomography.

PubMed

Dai, W W; Marsili, P M; Martinez, E; Morucci, J P

1994-05-01

This paper presents a new version of the layer stripping algorithm in the sense that it works essentially by repeatedly stripping away the outermost layer of the medium after having determined the conductivity value in this layer. In order to stabilize the ill posed boundary value problem related to each layer, we base our algorithm on the Hilbert uniqueness method (HUM) and implement it with the boundary element method (BEM).

Ethnicity and Prostate Cancer: Vitamin D Genetic and Sociodemographic Factors

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

rs17883968; G/A) in the VDR promoter region, FokI (rs10735810; C/T) in VDR exon 2, and V89L (rs523349) and A49T (rs9282858) in exon 1 of the SRD5A2...differences in the frequency of prostate cancer susceptibility alleles at SRD5A2 and CYP3A4 . Hum Hered 2002;54:13-21. 33. John EM, Schwartz GG, Koo J, Van

Supporting dynamic change detection: using the right tool for the task.

PubMed

Vallières, Benoît R; Hodgetts, Helen M; Vachon, François; Tremblay, Sébastien

2016-01-01

Detecting task-relevant changes in a visual scene is necessary for successfully monitoring and managing dynamic command and control situations. Change blindness-the failure to notice visual changes-is an important source of human error. Change History EXplicit (CHEX) is a tool developed to aid change detection and maintain situation awareness; and in the current study we test the generality of its ability to facilitate the detection of changes when this subtask is embedded within a broader dynamic decision-making task. A multitasking air-warfare simulation required participants to perform radar-based subtasks, for which change detection was a necessary aspect of the higher-order goal of protecting one's own ship. In this task, however, CHEX rendered the operator even more vulnerable to attentional failures in change detection and increased perceived workload. Such support was only effective when participants performed a change detection task without concurrent subtasks. Results are interpreted in terms of the NSEEV model of attention behavior (Steelman, McCarley, & Wickens, Hum. Factors 53:142-153, 2011; J. Exp. Psychol. Appl. 19:403-419, 2013), and suggest that decision aids for use in multitasking contexts must be designed to fit within the available workload capacity of the user so that they may truly augment cognition.

Behavioral conflict, anterior cingulate cortex, and experiment duration: implications of diverging data.

PubMed

Erickson, Kirk I; Milham, Michael P; Colcombe, Stanley J; Kramer, Arthur F; Banich, Marie T; Webb, Andrew; Cohen, Neal J

2004-02-01

We investigated the relationship between behavioral measures of conflict and the degree of activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). We reanalyzed an existing data set that employed the Stroop task using functional magnetic resonance imaging [Milham et al., Brain Cogn 2002;49:277-296]. Although we found no changes in the behavioral measures of conflict from the first to the second half of task performance, we found a reliable reduction in the activity of the anterior cingulate cortex. This result suggests the lack of a strong relationship between behavioral measurements of conflict and anterior cingulate activity. A concomitant increase in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity was also found, which may reflect a tradeoff in the neural substrates involved in supporting conflict resolution, detection, or monitoring processes. A second analysis of the data revealed that the duration of an experiment can dramatically affect interpretations of the results, including the roles in which particular regions are thought to play in cognition. These results are discussed in relation to current conceptions of ACC's role in attentional control. In addition, we discuss the implication of our results with current conceptions of conflict and of its instantiation in the brain. Hum. Brain Mapping 21:96-105, 2004. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Affective creativity meets classic creativity in the scanner.

PubMed

Perchtold, Corinna M; Papousek, Ilona; Koschutnig, Karl; Rominger, Christian; Weber, Hannelore; Weiss, Elisabeth M; Fink, Andreas

2018-01-01

The investigation of neurocognitive processes underlying more real-life creative behavior is among the greatest challenges in creativity research. In this fMRI study, we addressed this issue by investigating functional patterns of brain activity while participants were required to be creative in an affective context. Affective creativity was assessed in terms of individual's inventiveness in generating alternative appraisals for anger-evoking events, which has recently emerged as a new ability concept in cognitive reappraisal research. In addition, a classic divergent thinking task was administered. Both creativity tasks yielded strong activation in left prefrontal regions, indicating their shared cognitive processing demands like the inhibition of prepotent responses, shifting between different perspectives and controlled memory retrieval. Regarding task-specific differences, classic creative ideation activated a characteristic divergent thinking network comprising the left supramarginal, inferior temporal, and inferior frontal gyri. Affective creativity on the other hand specifically recruited the right superior frontal gyrus, presumably involved in the postretrieval monitoring of reappraisal success, and core hubs of the default-mode network, which are also implicated in social cognition. As a whole, by taking creativity research to the realm of emotion, this study advances our understanding of how more real-life creativity is rooted in the brain. Hum Brain Mapp 39:393-406, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

numerical broadband modelling of ocean waves, from 1 to 300 s: implications for seismic wave sources and wave climate studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ardhuin, F.; Stutzmann, E.; Gualtieri, L.

2014-12-01

Ocean waves provide most of the energy that feeds the continuous vertical oscillations of the solid Earth. Three period bands are usually identified. The hum contains periods longer than 30 s, and the primary and secondary peaks are usually centered around 15 and 5 s, respectively. Motions in all three bands are recorded everywhere on our planet and can provide information on both the solid Earth structure and the ocean wave climate over the past century. Here we describe recent efforts to extend the range of validity of ocean wave models to cover periods from 1 to 300 s (Ardhuin et al., Ocean Modelling 2014), and the resulting public database of ocean wave spectra (http://tinyurl.com/iowagaftp/HINDCAST/ ). We particularly discuss the sources of uncertainty for building a numerical model of acoustic and seismic noise on this knowledge of ocean wave spectra. For acoustic periods shorter than 3 seconds, the main uncertainties are the directional distributions of wave energy (Ardhuin et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 2013). For intermediate periods (3 to 25 s), the propagation properties of seismic waves are probably the main source of error when producing synthetic spectra of Rayleigh waves (Ardhuin et al. JGR 2011, Stutzmann et al. GJI 2012). For the longer periods (25 to 300 s), the poor knowledge of the bottom topography details may be the limiting factor for estimating hum spectra or inverting hum measurements in properties of the infragravity wave field. All in all, the space and time variability of recorded seismic and acoustic spectra is generally well reproduced in the band 3 to 300 s, and work on shorter periods is under way. This direct model can be used to search for missing noise sources, such as wave scattering in the marginal ice zone, find events relevant for solid earth studies (e.g. Obrebski et al. JGR 2013) or invert wave climate properties from microseismic records. The figure shows measured spectra of the vertical ground acceleration, and modeled result for the primary and secondary mechanisms using our numerical wave model. (a) Median ground acceleration power spectra (LHZ channel) at the SSB seismic station (Geoscope Network), for the month of January 2008. (b) Spectrogram of modeled ground displacement and (c) measured spectrogram.

Cortico-cortical and motor evoked potentials to single and paired-pulse stimuli: An exploratory transcranial magnetic and intracranial electric brain stimulation study.

PubMed

Boulogne, Sébastien; Andre-Obadia, Nathalie; Kimiskidis, Vasilios K; Ryvlin, Philippe; Rheims, Sylvain

2016-11-01

Paired-pulse (PP) paradigms are commonly employed to assess in vivo cortical excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to stimulate the primary motor cortex and modulate the induced motor evoked potential (MEP). Single-pulse cortical direct electrical stimulation (DES) during intracerebral EEG monitoring allows the investigation of brain connectivity by eliciting cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs). However, PP paradigm using intracerebral DES has rarely been reported and has never been previously compared with TMS. The work was intended (i) to verify that the well-established modulations of MEPs following PP TMS remain similar using DES in the motor cortex, and (ii) to evaluate if a similar pattern could be observed in distant cortico-cortical connections through modulations of CCEP. Three patients undergoing intracerebral EEG monitoring with electrodes implanted in the central region were studied. Single-pulse DES (1-3 mA, 1 ms, 0.2 Hz) and PP DES using six interstimulus intervals (5, 15, 30, 50, 100, and 200 ms) in the motor cortex with concomitant recording of CCEPs and MEPs in contralateral muscles were performed. Finally, a navigated PP TMS session targeted the intracranial stimulation site to record TMS-induced MEPs in two patients. MEP modulations elicited by PP intracerebral DES proved similar among the three patients and to those obtained by PP TMS. CCEP modulations elicited by PP intracerebral DES usually showed a pattern comparable to that of MEP, although a different pattern could be observed occasionally. PP intracerebral DES seems to involve excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms similar to PP TMS and allows the recording of intracortical inhibition and facilitation modulation on cortico-cortical connections. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3767-3778, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Quantitative representations of an exaggerated anxiety response in the brain of female spider phobics-a parametric fMRI study.

PubMed

Zilverstand, Anna; Sorger, Bettina; Kaemingk, Anita; Goebel, Rainer

2017-06-01

We employed a novel parametric spider picture set in the context of a parametric fMRI anxiety provocation study, designed to tease apart brain regions involved in threat monitoring from regions representing an exaggerated anxiety response in spider phobics. For the stimulus set, we systematically manipulated perceived proximity of threat by varying a depicted spider's context, size, and posture. All stimuli were validated in a behavioral rating study (phobics n = 20; controls n = 20; all female). An independent group participated in a subsequent fMRI anxiety provocation study (phobics n = 7; controls n = 7; all female), in which we compared a whole-brain categorical to a whole-brain parametric analysis. Results demonstrated that the parametric analysis provided a richer characterization of the functional role of the involved brain networks. In three brain regions-the mid insula, the dorsal anterior cingulate, and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex-activation was linearly modulated by perceived proximity specifically in the spider phobia group, indicating a quantitative representation of an exaggerated anxiety response. In other regions (e.g., the amygdala), activation was linearly modulated in both groups, suggesting a functional role in threat monitoring. Prefrontal regions, such as dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, were activated during anxiety provocation but did not show a stimulus-dependent linear modulation in either group. The results confirm that brain regions involved in anxiety processing hold a quantitative representation of a pathological anxiety response and more generally suggest that parametric fMRI designs may be a very powerful tool for clinical research in the future, particularly when developing novel brain-based interventions (e.g., neurofeedback training). Hum Brain Mapp 38:3025-3038, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Integrative Cardiac Health Project

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide CAMP –1.27 Defense response 200615_s_at Adaptor-related protein complex 2, β1 AP2B1 –1.26 Protein transport, defense response...from self-reported 72-hour dietary recall questionnaires. Food Processor v8.4.0 (ESHA Research) was used to determine daily caloric intake and...JR, Reitman M, et al. The effect of food intake on gene expression in human peripheral blood. Hum Mol Genet. 2010;19:159–169. 47. Chon H, Gaillard

Analysis of Preneoplasia Associated with Progression to Prostatic Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-03-01

Vukovic B, Park PC, Al-Maghrabi J , Beheshti B, Sweet J , Evans A, Trachtenberg J , Squire J . Evidence of multifocality of...blockade therapy. Hum Pathol 30:1503-7. Vukovic B, Park PC, A1-Maghrabi J , Beheshti B, Sweet J , Evans A, Trachtenberg J , Squire J . 2003. Evidence of...Visakorpi T. The molecular genetics of prostate cancer. Urology. 2003; 62(5 Suppl 1): 3- 10. Vukovic B, Park PC, Al-Maghrabi J , Beheshti B, Sweet J , Evans

On-the-Job Training and Social Learning Theory. A Literature Review

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

Trott , H. An Analysis of a Human Relations Training PoA? m for Managers and Supervisors, PhD dissertation, University of Maryland, 1976. 153 53 I;,, 1...Division of HumRRO in Alexandria, Virginia, where Dr. Robert J. Seidel is the Division rirector. Mr. Paul E. Loustaunau was the Project Director. The...ways: a training method based on social learning theory has been used to teach managers to deal more effectively with human relations problems

P53 Suppression of Homologous Recombination and Tumorigenesis

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-07-01

cell cycle [22] and is known to have an important role in responding to oxygen concentration, particularly hypoxia (,1% O2) [23] or hyperoxia (95% O2...appropriate oxygen tension for in vitro culture? Mol Hum Reprod 12: 653. 2. Csete M (2005) Oxygen in the cultivation of stem cells . Ann N Y Acad Sci 1049: 1...culture that were derived from somatic mesenchymal cells that display a reasonable level of clonality. Yet, given the highly proliferative nature

The Development of Therapeutic and Diagnostic Countermeasures to WMD by the Advanced Medical Countermeasures Consortium

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

and antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Enteral Nutrition in ARDS Study Group. Crit Care Med 27: 1409–1420, 1999. 30...mechanism of action, and (3) efficacy of countermeasures for HD injury. Studies on the Yucatan mini-pig have demonstrated that laminin in the dermo...Rice P. Changes in connective tissue macromolecular components of Yucatan mini-pig skin following application of sulphur mustard vapour. Hum Exp Toxicol

Clinical Utility and Pitfalls of Ultrasound Guided Foreign Body Removal in War Fighters

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-10-01

research project. The physicians are trained with a turkey breast simulator. They will be evaluated and measured on their performance and competency...The anatomical m aterials used were hum an cadaver thighs. To remain consistent, all foreign bodies were the same. A 1 cm piece of a wooden ...the subcutaneous fat and not the muscle which made locating the foreign body easier. The wooden toothpicks were colo red which the surgeon commented

Biologically Fit: Using Biotechnology to Create a Better Soldier

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

edition, loc . 209. 21Ibid., loc . 318–19. 15 it violates social and moral values. The primary fears that drive the bioconservative argument is...19, no. 3 (2005): 204. 23 Moreno, The Body Politic, loc . 318–19. 24 Joel Garreau, Radical Evolution: The Promise and Peril of Enhancing Our Minds...policy/projects/hum an-enhancement/2012-11-06-Human-enhancement.pdf. Aeschbach, Daniel, Leo Sher, Teodor T. Postolache, Jeffery R. Matthews, Michael A

Remote-Controlled Rotorcraft Blade Vibration and Modal Analysis at Low Frequencies

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-01

modal analysis, remote-controlled helicopter , remote-controlled rotorcraft, HUMS for rotorcraft 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF...Experimental Setup 1 4. Results 4 4.1 Rotor Blade Acceleration 4 4.2 Modal Analysis: Using an Impact Hammer 7 4.3 Dynamic Response Revisited 8 5... Rotor blade response to shaker outputting 1-V sine wave at 100 Hz ....5 Fig. 6 Rotor blade response to shaker outputting 1-V sine sweep from 20- to 100

A Novel Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Paradigm for the Preoperative Assessment of Auditory Perception in a Musician Undergoing Temporal Lobe Surgery.

PubMed

Hale, Matthew D; Zaman, Arshad; Morrall, Matthew C H J; Chumas, Paul; Maguire, Melissa J

2018-03-01

Presurgical evaluation for temporal lobe epilepsy routinely assesses speech and memory lateralization and anatomic localization of the motor and visual areas but not baseline musical processing. This is paramount in a musician. Although validated tools exist to assess musical ability, there are no reported functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigms to assess musical processing. We examined the utility of a novel fMRI paradigm in an 18-year-old left-handed pianist who underwent surgery for a left temporal low-grade ganglioglioma. Preoperative evaluation consisted of neuropsychological evaluation, T1-weighted and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, and fMRI. Auditory blood oxygen level-dependent fMRI was performed using a dedicated auditory scanning sequence. Three separate auditory investigations were conducted: listening to, humming, and thinking about a musical piece. All auditory fMRI paradigms activated the primary auditory cortex with varying degrees of auditory lateralization. Thinking about the piece additionally activated the primary visual cortices (bilaterally) and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Humming demonstrated left-sided predominance of auditory cortex activation with activity observed in close proximity to the tumor. This study demonstrated an fMRI paradigm for evaluating musical processing that could form part of preoperative assessment for patients undergoing temporal lobe surgery for epilepsy. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Sound attenuation of fiberglass lined ventilation ducts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Albright, Jacob

Sound attenuation is a crucial part of designing any HVAC system. Most ventilation systems are designed to be in areas occupied by one or more persons. If these systems do not adequately attenuate the sound of the supply fan, compressor, or any other source of sound, the affected area could be subject to an array of problems ranging from an annoying hum to a deafening howl. The goals of this project are to quantify the sound attenuation properties of fiberglass duct liner and to perform a regression analysis to develop equations to predict insertion loss values for both rectangular and round duct liners. The first goal was accomplished via insertion loss testing. The tests performed conformed to the ASTM E477 standard. Using the insertion loss test data, regression equations were developed to predict insertion loss values for rectangular ducts ranging in size from 12-in x 18-in to 48-in x 48-in in lengths ranging from 3ft to 30ft. Regression equations were also developed to predict insertion loss values for round ducts ranging in diameters from 12-in to 48-in in lengths ranging from 3ft to 30ft.

Determination of Research Priorities and Documentation of Information Sources for Army Civilian Personnel Management

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-12-01

Behavioral and Social Sciences Approved for the public release; distrbution is unlimited All, U.S. ARMY RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL ...Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences. NOTE The views, opinions, and findings in this report are those of the author(s) and should not to be...U.S. Army Research Institute for the Organization I HumRRO Behavioral and Social Sciences 6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City

Annual Historical Report - AMEDD Activities, Calendar Year 1987

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-01-01

levels. Insulin levels were increased 2.2 fold with no change in glucagon. This profile is unlike that associated with weight loss due to fasting and may...were just as fast on the final PT test as the high mileage company. It appeared that for each mile run a quantifiable risk could be attached which was...various levels of fatness. Hum. Biol. 59:281-298, 1987. Knapik, J. J., B. H. Jones, C. Meredith, W. .J. Evans. Influence of 3.5 day fast on physical

Accurately Decoding Visual Information from fMRI Data Obtained in a Realistic Virtual Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-09

Center for Learning and Memory , The University of Texas at Austin, 100 E 24th Street, Stop C7000, Austin, TX 78712, USA afloren@utexas.edu Received: 18...information from fMRI data obtained in a realistic virtual environment. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 9:327. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00327 Accurately decoding...visual information from fMRI data obtained in a realistic virtual environment Andrew Floren 1*, Bruce Naylor 2, Risto Miikkulainen 3 and David Ress 4

Bibliography of Publications and Presentations from July 1971 Through December 1981

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-01-01

Bureau of Business Education, Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, CA., January 1972; issued as Professional Paper 6-73, June 1973. PB-221 830. ED-130...Cert:. .n Types of Uniforms and Accessories (Department of the Army) Changes in Morale Subsequent to Issue Infantry Blue Clothin2 Items, by Robert L...34Bibliography of Publications as of 30 June 1971," listing and annotating the research reports issued during HumRRO’s first 20 years, 1951-71. This

Clinical Utility and Pitfalls of Ultrasound Guided Foreign Body Removal in War Fighters

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-10-28

with a turkey breast simulator. They will be evaluated and measured on their performance and competency development with USFBR. Part 3 is a clinical...The anatom ical m aterials used were hum an cadaver thighs. To rem ain consistent, all foreign bodies were the sam e. A 1 cm piece of a wooden ...uscle which m ade locating the foreign body easier. The wooden toothpicks were colored which the surgeon com mented helped when searching for the

Genomic Imprinting of the M6P/IGF2 Receptor: A Novel Breast Cancer Susceptibility Mechanism

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-07-01

autism [26], bipolar effective of preterm placenta [44, 45]. Since the imprint status is disorder [27, 28], and schizophrenia [29], to name only not...JIRTLE 9. Falls, J. G., Pulford, D. J., Wylie, A. A., and Jirtle, R. L. (1999). Autism or atypical autism in maternally but not paternally Genomic...chromosome 1 p-arm deletions. Genomics 51, 359- gene, WT1. Jpn. J. Hum. Genet. 42, 205- 211 . 363. 46. Mitsuya, K., Sui, H., Meguro, M., Kugoh, H., Jinno

Molecular Mechanism for Prostate Cancer Resistance to the Anti-Tumor Activity

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-11-01

Furukawa, T., Kanai, N., Sunamura, M., and Horii, A. (2005) J Hum Genet 50(4), 159-167 31. Armes, J. E., Hammet , F., de Silva, M., Ciciulla, J., Ramus...Relative mRNA levels were calculated 13 from the point where each curve crossed the threshold line (Ct) using the equation : Rel. Value = 2 -[Ct...JE, Hammet F, de Silva M, et al. Candidate tumor-suppressor genes on chromosome arm 8p in early-onset and high-grade breast cancers. Oncogene 2004 Jul

Molecular Mechanism for Prostate Cancer Resistance to the Anti-tumor Activity of Vitamin D

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-11-01

point where each curve crossed the threshold line (Ct) using the following equation : Rel. value = 2[Ct(control) Ct(test)]test gene / 2[Ct(control...by hypermethylation in human pancreatic cancer. J Hum Genet 2005;50:159–67. 41. Armes JE, Hammet F, de Silva M, et al. Candidate tumor-suppressor...line (Ct) using the equation : Rel. Value = 2 - [Ct(control) – Ct(test)]test gene/ 2 -[Ct(control) – Ct(test)]housekeeping gene [22]. Reactions were

Legislation would establish commission to assess marine and coastal resources and develop national ocean policy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Showstack, Randy

During 1998, internationally designated as the year of the ocean, perhaps more people are paying heed to the deep seas now than ever before.Transfixed to the big screen by this year's movie blockbuster, they anticipate when the Titanic will scrape into the iceberg and break apart, shiver when household-name heartthrobs Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet float on the freezing waters, and hum along to the theme sung by Celine Dion.

Apparatus for the Measurement of Air Blast Pressures by Means of Piezoelectric Gauges

DTIC Science & Technology

1946-03-01

boam-brightenor atare or in tho voltage at tho cathode of tho cathodo-ray tubo, whether duo to olther 60-oycle hum or lino-voltage fluctuations, aro...AGENC r (Not Knowa-)- P.A. NO (None) TRANSLATING AGENCY DATE: Mar𔃻+5 COUNTRY: U.S. LANGUAGE: PAGES: REMARKS: English I 225 I...11. S 1 English PAUS 225 •UMTtATKMS ntntOfl. tables. cHarrs Description and requirements are given of an apparatus used for

Interindividual Differences in Metabolism of Carcinogens as a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-09-01

development of primary congenital glaucoma , an autosomal recessive disease 10, 11), indicating that CYPIB1 has a physiological function in addition to...preleukemia cells in mice treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene. Cancer Res. 60:3454-3460. 8. Hayes, C.L., Spink, D.C., Spink, B.C.,Cao, J.Q., Walker... glaucoma in Saudi Arabia. Am. J. Hum. Genet.62: 325-333. 11. Stoilov, I., Akarsu, A.N., Alozie, I., child, A., Barsoum-Homsy, M., Turacli, M. E., Or, M

Testing of Lithium-Sulfur Dioxide Cells for Waste Disposal Hazards.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-10-01

r AD-AO90 785 WAPORA INC CHEVY CHASE NO F/G 10/3 TESTING OF LITHIUM-SULFUR DIOXIDE CELLS FOR WASTE DISPOSAL HAZA-ETC(U) OCT 80 D B BOIES OAAK20-79-C... TESTING ION T HUM -SUFU DIXD-EL ORWSEDSOA Daved B. pBli else 69stributonsi nlmied.e OCTOBELE198 Fia PRepr for Peio OCT 23198008 STRYUIO AELETOISRSA...34 cell Toxic waste Sulfur dioxide vapor pressure Structural Integrity Test Ignitable waste Extraction procedure results Corrosive waste ftactive waste

Preparing for the crewed Mars journey: microbiota dynamics in the confined Mars500 habitat during simulated Mars flight and landing.

PubMed

Schwendner, Petra; Mahnert, Alexander; Koskinen, Kaisa; Moissl-Eichinger, Christine; Barczyk, Simon; Wirth, Reinhard; Berg, Gabriele; Rettberg, Petra

2017-10-04

The Mars500 project was conceived as the first full duration simulation of a crewed return flight to Mars. For 520 days, six crew members lived confined in a specifically designed spacecraft mock-up. The herein described "MIcrobial ecology of Confined Habitats and humAn health" (MICHA) experiment was implemented to acquire comprehensive microbiota data from this unique, confined manned habitat, to retrieve important information on the occurring microbiota dynamics, the microbial load and diversity in the air and on various surfaces. In total, 360 samples from 20 (9 air, 11 surface) locations were taken at 18 time-points and processed by extensive cultivation, PhyloChip and next generation sequencing (NGS) of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. Cultivation assays revealed a Staphylococcus and Bacillus-dominated microbial community on various surfaces, with an average microbial load that did not exceed the allowed limits for ISS in-flight requirements indicating adequate maintenance of the facility. Areas with high human activity were identified as hotspots for microbial accumulation. Despite substantial fluctuation with respect to microbial diversity and abundance throughout the experiment, the location within the facility and the confinement duration were identified as factors significantly shaping the microbial diversity and composition, with the crew representing the main source for microbial dispersal. Opportunistic pathogens, stress-tolerant or potentially mobile element-bearing microorganisms were predicted to be prevalent throughout the confinement, while the overall microbial diversity dropped significantly over time. Our findings clearly indicate that under confined conditions, the community structure remains a highly dynamic system which adapts to the prevailing habitat and micro-conditions. Since a sterile environment is not achievable, these dynamics need to be monitored to avoid spreading of highly resistant or potentially pathogenic microorganisms and a potentially harmful decrease of microbial diversity. If necessary, countermeasures are required, to maintain a healthy, diverse balance of beneficial, neutral and opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms. Our results serve as an important data collection for (i) future risk estimations of crewed space flight, (ii) an optimized design and planning of a spacecraft mission and (iii) for the selection of appropriate microbial monitoring approaches and potential countermeasures, to ensure a microbiologically safe space-flight environment.

Barriers in Implementing E-Learning in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences.

PubMed

Lakbala, Parvin

2015-11-03

E-learning provides an alternative way for higher educational institutes to deliver knowledge to learners at a distance, rather than the traditional way. The aim of this study is to identify the barrier factors of e-learning programs in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (HUMS) in respect of the students and lecturers' point of view. A cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire was conducted among 286 of students and lecturers in the nursing, midwifery and paramedic schools of HUMS. Two hundred and eighty-six participants filled in the questionnaire: 256 students, and 30 lecturers. Results of the study showed a lack of proper training in e-learning courses of the university 182 (69.1%), limited communication with the instructor 174 (68%) and the learners dominance of English language 174 (68%) showed the greatest importance for the students. The awareness about e-learning program was 80% and 43% among lecturers and students respectively.The dominance of English language 26 (86.7%) and lack of research grants for e-learning 23 (76.6%) and lack of proper training on e-learning courses from the university 20 (66.7 %) were the most important barrier factors of implementing e-learning for lecturers. E-learning courses to supplement classroom teaching was a solution that mentioned by the majority of students 240 (93.8%) and lecturers 29 (96.7%) in this study. The positive perception of e-learning is an important consequence effect in the future, educational development of nursing, midwifery and paramedic schools.

Performance of human fecal anaerobe-associated PCR-based assays in a multi-laboratory method evaluation study

USGS Publications Warehouse

Layton, Blythe A.; Cao, Yiping; Ebentier, Darcy L.; Hanley, Kaitlyn; Ballesté, Elisenda; Brandão, João; Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.; Converse, Reagan; Farnleitner, Andreas H.; Gentry-Shields, Jennifer; Gourmelon, Michèle; Lee, Chang Soo; Lee, Jiyoung; Lozach, Solen; Madi, Tania; Meijer, Wim G.; Noble, Rachel; Peed, Lindsay; Reischer, Georg H.; Rodrigues, Raquel; Rose, Joan B.; Schriewer, Alexander; Sinigalliano, Chris; Srinivasan, Sangeetha; Stewart, Jill; ,; Laurie, C.; Wang, Dan; Whitman, Richard; Wuertz, Stefan; Jay, Jenny; Holden, Patricia A.; Boehm, Alexandria B.; Shanks, Orin; Griffith, John F.

2013-01-01

A number of PCR-based methods for detecting human fecal material in environmental waters have been developed over the past decade, but these methods have rarely received independent comparative testing in large multi-laboratory studies. Here, we evaluated ten of these methods (BacH, BacHum-UCD, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BtH), BsteriF1, gyrB, HF183 endpoint, HF183 SYBR, HF183 Taqman®, HumM2, and Methanobrevibacter smithii nifH (Mnif)) using 64 blind samples prepared in one laboratory. The blind samples contained either one or two fecal sources from human, wastewater or non-human sources. The assay results were assessed for presence/absence of the human markers and also quantitatively while varying the following: 1) classification of samples that were detected but not quantifiable (DNQ) as positive or negative; 2) reference fecal sample concentration unit of measure (such as culturable indicator bacteria, wet mass, total DNA, etc); and 3) human fecal source type (stool, sewage or septage). Assay performance using presence/absence metrics was found to depend on the classification of DNQ samples. The assays that performed best quantitatively varied based on the fecal concentration unit of measure and laboratory protocol. All methods were consistently more sensitive to human stools compared to sewage or septage in both the presence/absence and quantitative analysis. Overall, HF183 Taqman® was found to be the most effective marker of human fecal contamination in this California-based study.

On the dependence of response inhibition processes on sensory modality.

PubMed

Bodmer, Benjamin; Beste, Christian

2017-04-01

The ability to inhibit responses is a central sensorimotor function but only recently the importance of sensory processes for motor inhibition mechanisms went more into the research focus. In this regard it is elusive, whether there are differences between sensory modalities to trigger response inhibition processes. Due to functional neuroanatomical considerations strong differences may exist, for example, between the visual and the tactile modality. In the current study we examine what neurophysiological mechanisms as well as functional neuroanatomical networks are modulated during response inhibition. Therefore, a Go/NoGo-paradigm employing a novel combination of visual, tactile, and visuotactile stimuli was used. The data show that the tactile modality is more powerful than the visual modality to trigger response inhibition processes. However, the tactile modality loses its efficacy to trigger response inhibition processes when being combined with the visual modality. This may be due to competitive mechanisms leading to a suppression of certain sensory stimuli and the response selection level. Variations in sensory modalities specifically affected conflict monitoring processes during response inhibition by modulating activity in a frontal parietal network including the right inferior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex and the temporoparietal junction. Attentional selection processes are not modulated. The results suggest that the functional neuroanatomical networks involved in response inhibition critically depends on the nature of the sensory input. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1941-1951, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Global Distribution of Human-Associated Fecal Genetic Markers in Reference Samples from Six Continents.

PubMed

Mayer, René E; Reischer, Georg H; Ixenmaier, Simone K; Derx, Julia; Blaschke, Alfred Paul; Ebdon, James E; Linke, Rita; Egle, Lukas; Ahmed, Warish; Blanch, Anicet R; Byamukama, Denis; Savill, Marion; Mushi, Douglas; Cristóbal, Héctor A; Edge, Thomas A; Schade, Margit A; Aslan, Asli; Brooks, Yolanda M; Sommer, Regina; Masago, Yoshifumi; Sato, Maria I; Taylor, Huw D; Rose, Joan B; Wuertz, Stefan; Shanks, Orin C; Piringer, Harald; Mach, Robert L; Savio, Domenico; Zessner, Matthias; Farnleitner, Andreas H

2018-05-01

Numerous bacterial genetic markers are available for the molecular detection of human sources of fecal pollution in environmental waters. However, widespread application is hindered by a lack of knowledge regarding geographical stability, limiting implementation to a small number of well-characterized regions. This study investigates the geographic distribution of five human-associated genetic markers (HF183/BFDrev, HF183/BacR287, BacHum-UCD, BacH, and Lachno2) in municipal wastewaters (raw and treated) from 29 urban and rural wastewater treatment plants (750-4 400 000 population equivalents) from 13 countries spanning six continents. In addition, genetic markers were tested against 280 human and nonhuman fecal samples from domesticated, agricultural and wild animal sources. Findings revealed that all genetic markers are present in consistently high concentrations in raw (median log 10 7.2-8.0 marker equivalents (ME) 100 mL -1 ) and biologically treated wastewater samples (median log 10 4.6-6.0 ME 100 mL -1 ) regardless of location and population. The false positive rates of the various markers in nonhuman fecal samples ranged from 5% to 47%. Results suggest that several genetic markers have considerable potential for measuring human-associated contamination in polluted environmental waters. This will be helpful in water quality monitoring, pollution modeling and health risk assessment (as demonstrated by QMRAcatch) to guide target-oriented water safety management across the globe.

Ambient seismic wave field

PubMed Central

NISHIDA, Kiwamu

2017-01-01

The ambient seismic wave field, also known as ambient noise, is excited by oceanic gravity waves primarily. This can be categorized as seismic hum (1–20 mHz), primary microseisms (0.02–0.1 Hz), and secondary microseisms (0.1–1 Hz). Below 20 mHz, pressure fluctuations of ocean infragravity waves reach the abyssal floor. Topographic coupling between seismic waves and ocean infragravity waves at the abyssal floor can explain the observed shear traction sources. Below 5 mHz, atmospheric disturbances may also contribute to this excitation. Excitation of primary microseisms can be attributed to topographic coupling between ocean swell and seismic waves on subtle undulation of continental shelves. Excitation of secondary microseisms can be attributed to non-linear forcing by standing ocean swell at the sea surface in both pelagic and coastal regions. Recent developments in source location based on body-wave microseisms enable us to estimate forcing quantitatively. For a comprehensive understanding, we must consider the solid Earth, the ocean, and the atmosphere as a coupled system. PMID:28769015

ESA Human rating Requirements:Status

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trujillo, M.; Sgobba, T.

2012-01-01

The European Space Agency (ESA) human rating safety requirements are based on heritage requirements of the International Space Station as well as the knowledge and experience derived from European participation on international partnerships. This expertise in conjunction with recommendations derived from past accidents (i.e.: Columbia) and lessons learned have led to the identification of m inimum core safety tech nical requirements for hum an rated space syst ems. These requirements apply to th e crewed space vehicle, integrated space system (i.e.: cre wed vehicle on its launcher) and its interfaces with control centres, la unch pad, etc. In 2009, a first draft was issued. Then, in the summer of 2010, ESA established a working group comprised of more than twenty experts (from disciplines including propulsion, pyrotechnics, structures, avionics, human factors and life support among others) across the Agency to review this draft. This paper provides an overview of ESA "Safety technical re quirements for human rated s pace systems" document, its scope a nd structure, as well as the planned steps for verification of these requirements in term s of achieving the identified safety objectives for crew safety in t erms of a quantitative risk evaluation.

Education for peace through transformative dialogue: Perspectives from Kashmir

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singh, Shweta

2018-02-01

Research has shown that there has been severe disruption in the educational sector in Kashmir post-1989 (the year Kashmiri unrest erupted). Inhibiting problems include the destruction of school buildings, parents' fear of sending their children to school, the recruitment of youth into armed groups, the economic decline of households, and forced displacement. This article examines the challenge posed by conditions of protracted conflict for young people and national education systems, based on a case study of Kashmir, India. The article has a twofold objective. First, it analyses how ongoing conflicts such as that in Kashmir impinge on both youth and education, and considers why it is necessary to engage substantively with national educational systems (through frameworks like Education for Peace) to promote transformative dialogue and sustainable peace. Second, it explores how contact-based, participatory models of education for peace (such as the Hum Kadam programme spearheaded by the non-governmental organisation Women in Security Conflict Management and Peace [WISCOMP] in Kashmir) can play a transformative role in divided societies, specifically in Kashmir and broadly in all situations of protracted religious and cultural conflict. Most importantly, it supports the rationale that spaces for dialogue in situations of protracted conflict are critical for making and maintaining peace.

Neural representation of emotion regulation goals.

PubMed

Morawetz, Carmen; Bode, Stefan; Baudewig, Juergen; Jacobs, Arthur M; Heekeren, Hauke R

2016-02-01

The use of top-down cognitive control mechanisms to regulate emotional responses as circumstances change is critical for mental and physical health. Several theoretical models of emotion regulation have been postulated; it remains unclear, however, in which brain regions emotion regulation goals (e.g., the downregulation of fear) are represented. Here, we examined the neural mechanisms of regulating emotion using fMRI and identified brain regions representing reappraisal goals. Using a multimethodological analysis approach, combining standard activation-based and pattern-information analyses, we identified a distributed network of lateral frontal, temporal, and parietal regions implicated in reappraisal and within it, a core system that represents reappraisal goals in an abstract, stimulus-independent fashion. Within this core system, the neural pattern-separability in a subset of regions including the left inferior frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobe was related to the success in emotion regulation. Those brain regions might link the prefrontal control regions with the subcortical affective regions. Given the strong association of this subsystem with inner speech functions and semantic memory, we conclude that those cognitive mechanisms may be used for orchestrating emotion regulation. Hum Brain Mapp 37:600-620, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The Frequency of Occurrence of Air Masses Over Twelve European Cities.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

0. Kays John T. Allen Louis 0. Duncan APR 1 5183 C.’) QVA IrI Approved for public ralemis; distribution unlimited. US Army Electronics Remerch and...referenced herei n. Gipssi 4 Destroy this report when it is no longer needed. "c not re.urn it to the originator. LI q . 1 ,,’ SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF...THIS PAGE t"e, Vag. at-’,. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLSTUO FORM I --PCR N- 6-ymU M 1 kA 2GOVT ACCESSION NO. S. RECIPIENT’S CATALOG HUM

Proceedings of the 14th Annual Review Conference on Atmospheric Transmission Models (14th) Held at Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts on 11-12 June 1991,

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-02-26

MIE 0 MEM a HUM 0.00 101 M4OBS 0.00 DEGUS FE 1.001 I.~ r1 40 N 99 IM 14 BANU2. S1 E CELL Calculated at 260K 04;.g of 056.N 072.44 00.M 904.00 920. of...o.374 Karp (1978) At a,, Fourier transform K~ ohp (1973) all 2.1 weighted samn of Lorentz and Gaul function 10- 4 relative to peak Value Pierluasi

Systematic Search for Gene-Gene Interaction Effect on Prostate Cancer Risk

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-07-01

Systematic Search for Gene-Gene Interaction 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Effect on Prostate Cancer Risk 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-09-1-0488 5c. PROGRAM...Supported by this grant ) 1. Tao S, Wang Z, Feng J, Hsu FC, Jin G, Kin ST, Zhang Z, Gronberg H, Zheng, SL, Isaacs WB, XU J, Sun J. A Genome-Wide Search for...order interactions among estrogen- metabolism genes in sporadic breast cancer. Am J Hum Genet, 69, 138-47. 48. Marchini, J., Donnelly, P. and Cardon

Enplanement and All Cargo Activity

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-04-01

AFB FAYETTEVILLE NC 9 0 7,083 PR03 FAJARDO HARBOR FAJARDO PR 6 88,095 88,095 PTN HARRY P WILLIAMS M PATTERSON LA S 0 152 RWL RAWLINS MUNI RAWLINS WY S...NEW IBERIA ACADIANA REGIONAL ARA 231 LA HOUMA HOOMA-TERREBONNE HUM 209 LA PATTERSON HARRY P WILLIAMS MEN PTN 152 LA NEW ORLEANS NEW ORLEANS HAS /ALV...HOUSTON WILLIAM P HOBBY HOU 4,008,376 37 Tm ME4PHIS mPs INTL MEN 3,956,537 30 NO KANSAS CITY KANSAS CITY INTL MCI 3,697,822 39 OR PORTLAND PORTLAND

Barriers in Implementing E-Learning in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences

PubMed Central

Lakbala, Parvin

2016-01-01

Background: E-learning provides an alternative way for higher educational institutes to deliver knowledge to learners at a distance, rather than the traditional way. The aim of this study is to identify the barrier factors of e-learning programs in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (HUMS) in respect of the students and lecturers’ point of view. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire was conducted among 286 of students and lecturers in the nursing, midwifery and paramedic schools of HUMS. Two hundred and eighty-six participants filled in the questionnaire: 256 students, and 30 lecturers. Results: Results of the study showed a lack of proper training in e-learning courses of the university 182 (69.1%), limited communication with the instructor 174 (68%) and the learners dominance of English language 174 (68%) showed the greatest importance for the students. The awareness about e-learning program was 80% and 43% among lecturers and students respectively. The dominance of English language 26 (86.7%) and lack of research grants for e-learning 23 (76.6%) and lack of proper training on e-learning courses from the university 20 (66.7 %) were the most important barrier factors of implementing e-learning for lecturers. E-learning courses to supplement classroom teaching was a solution that mentioned by the majority of students 240 (93.8%) and lecturers 29 (96.7%) in this study. Conclusions: The positive perception of e-learning is an important consequence effect in the future, educational development of nursing, midwifery and paramedic schools. PMID:26925885

Cirrus Airframe Parachute System and Odds of a Fatal Accident in Cirrus Aircraft Crashes.

PubMed

Alaziz, Mustafa; Stolfi, Adrienne; Olson, Dean M

2017-06-01

General aviation (GA) accidents have continued to demonstrate high fatality rates. Recently, ballistic parachute recovery systems (BPRS) have been introduced as a safety feature in some GA aircraft. This study evaluates the effectiveness and associated factors of the Cirrus Airframe Parachute System (CAPS) at reducing the odds of a fatal accident in Cirrus aircraft crashes. Publicly available Cirrus aircraft crash reports were obtained from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) database for the period of January 1, 2001-December 31, 2016. Accident metrics were evaluated through univariate and multivariate analyses regarding odds of a fatal accident and use of the parachute system. Included in the study were 268 accidents. For CAPS nondeployed accidents, 82 of 211 (38.9%) were fatal as compared to 8 of 57 (14.0%) for CAPS deployed accidents. After controlling for all other factors, the adjusted odds ratio for a fatal accident when CAPS was not deployed was 13.1. The substantial increased odds of a fatal accident when CAPS was not deployed demonstrated the effectiveness of CAPS at providing protection of occupants during an accident. Injuries were shifted from fatal to serious or minor with the use of CAPS and postcrash fires were significantly reduced. These results suggest that BPRS could play a significant role in the next major advance in improving GA accident survival.Alaziz M, Stolfi A, Olson DM. Cirrus Airframe Parachute System and odds of a fatal accident in Cirrus aircraft crashes. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(6):556-564.

Combined use of SAR and optical data for environmental assessments around refugee camps in semiarid landscapes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Braun, A.; Hochschild, V.

2015-04-01

Over 15 million people were officially considered as refugees in the year 2012 and another 28 million as internally displaced people (IDPs). Natural disasters, climatic and environmental changes, violent regional conflicts and population growth force people to migrate in all parts of this world. This trend is likely to continue in the near future, as political instabilities increase and land degradation progresses. EO4HumEn aims at developing operational services to support humanitarian operations during crisis situations by means of dedicated geo-spatial information products derived from Earth observation and GIS data. The goal is to develop robust, automated methods of image analysis routines for population estimation, identification of potential groundwater extraction sites and monitoring the environmental impact of refugee/IDP camps. This study investigates the combination of satellite SAR data with optical sensors and elevation information for the assessment of the environmental conditions around refugee camps. In order to estimate their impact on land degradation, land cover classifications are required which target dynamic landscapes. We performed a land use / land cover classification based on a random forest algorithm and 39 input prediction rasters based on Landsat 8 data and additional layers generated from radar texture and elevation information. The overall accuracy was 92.9 %, while optical data had the highest impact on the final classification. By analysing all combinations of the three input datasets we additionally estimated their impact on single classification outcomes and land cover classes.

Prediction of ozone concentration in tropospheric levels using artificial neural networks and support vector machine at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luna, A. S.; Paredes, M. L. L.; de Oliveira, G. C. G.; Corrêa, S. M.

2014-12-01

It is well known that air quality is a complex function of emissions, meteorology and topography, and statistical tools provide a sound framework for relating these variables. The observed data were contents of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), scalar wind speed (SWS), global solar radiation (GSR), temperature (TEM), moisture content in the air (HUM), collected by a mobile automatic monitoring station at Rio de Janeiro City in two places of the metropolitan area during 2011 and 2012. The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze the behavior of the variables, using the method of PCA for exploratory data analysis; (2) to propose forecasts of O3 levels from primary pollutants and meteorological factors, using nonlinear regression methods like ANN and SVM, from primary pollutants and meteorological factors. The PCA technique showed that for first dataset, variables NO, NOx and SWS have a greater impact on the concentration of O3 and the other data set had the TEM and GSR as the most influential variables. The obtained results from the nonlinear regression techniques ANN and SVM were remarkably closely and acceptable to one dataset presenting coefficient of determination for validation respectively 0.9122 and 0.9152, and root mean square error of 7.66 and 7.85, respectively. For these datasets, the PCA, SVM and ANN had demonstrated their robustness as useful tools for evaluation, and forecast scenarios for air quality.

Haptic contents of a movie dynamically engage the spectator's sensorimotor cortex

PubMed Central

Smeds, Eero; Tikka, Pia; Pihko, Elina; Hari, Riitta; Koskinen, Miika

2016-01-01

Abstract Observation of another person's actions and feelings activates brain areas that support similar functions in the observer, thereby facilitating inferences about the other's mental and bodily states. In real life, events eliciting this kind of vicarious brain activations are intermingled with other complex, ever‐changing stimuli in the environment. One practical approach to study the neural underpinnings of real‐life vicarious perception is to image brain activity during movie viewing. Here the goal was to find out how observed haptic events in a silent movie would affect the spectator's sensorimotor cortex. The functional state of the sensorimotor cortex was monitored by analyzing, in 16 healthy subjects, magnetoencephalographic (MEG) responses to tactile finger stimuli that were presented once per second throughout the session. Using canonical correlation analysis and spatial filtering, consistent single‐trial responses across subjects were uncovered, and their waveform changes throughout the movie were quantified. The long‐latency (85–175 ms) parts of the responses were modulated in concordance with the participants’ average moment‐by‐moment ratings of own engagement in the haptic content of the movie (correlation r = 0.49; ratings collected after the MEG session). The results, obtained by using novel signal‐analysis approaches, demonstrate that the functional state of the human sensorimotor cortex fluctuates in a fine‐grained manner even during passive observation of temporally varying haptic events. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4061–4068, 2016. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. PMID:27364184

Global Distribution of Human-Associated Fecal Genetic Markers in Reference Samples from Six Continents

PubMed Central

2018-01-01

Numerous bacterial genetic markers are available for the molecular detection of human sources of fecal pollution in environmental waters. However, widespread application is hindered by a lack of knowledge regarding geographical stability, limiting implementation to a small number of well-characterized regions. This study investigates the geographic distribution of five human-associated genetic markers (HF183/BFDrev, HF183/BacR287, BacHum-UCD, BacH, and Lachno2) in municipal wastewaters (raw and treated) from 29 urban and rural wastewater treatment plants (750–4 400 000 population equivalents) from 13 countries spanning six continents. In addition, genetic markers were tested against 280 human and nonhuman fecal samples from domesticated, agricultural and wild animal sources. Findings revealed that all genetic markers are present in consistently high concentrations in raw (median log10 7.2–8.0 marker equivalents (ME) 100 mL–1) and biologically treated wastewater samples (median log10 4.6–6.0 ME 100 mL–1) regardless of location and population. The false positive rates of the various markers in nonhuman fecal samples ranged from 5% to 47%. Results suggest that several genetic markers have considerable potential for measuring human-associated contamination in polluted environmental waters. This will be helpful in water quality monitoring, pollution modeling and health risk assessment (as demonstrated by QMRAcatch) to guide target-oriented water safety management across the globe. PMID:29570973

Genes in FRA16D and FRA7G Mutated in Prostate Cancer.

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-06-01

Huang H, Nelson M , Smith DI. Cloning and characterization of keratin 21 (K21) highly induced by histone deacetylase inhibitors during differentiation...A395. Kawakami M , Hartmann L, Huntley B, Smith DI, Shridhar V. Allele loss on 16q in high-grade invasive epithelial ovarian cancer. Amer. J. Hum...CEN m N CO o < 1 WC7.7 I-- CD co r-- Q CO CO CD CO Q _L_ 921B4 912D9 _1_ 887 D11 WC7.6 A GAP BETWEEN YAC CONTIGS tu O CD

Structure-Guided Insights into the Function of Merlin in Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2)

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-08-01

laboratory of Dr. Lars Pederson (NIEHS-NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina) that harbor entropy mutations on the surface of MBP, and which... mutations . Am J Hum Genet 66: 873–891. 37. Lawrence MC, Colman PM (1993) Shape complementar - ity at protein/protein interfaces. J Mol Biol 234:946–950. 38...Appendices…………………………………………………………………………… 10 3 INTRODUCTION: Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is caused by inherited or sporadic mutations

CTC Sentinel. Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2010. Riyaz Bhatkal and the Origins of the Indian Mujahidin

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-01

children and outrage dignity of our sisters at any place and at any time and we can’t re- sist them. AL -HUM-DU-LILLAH now we are prepared enough to...Jihad: An Increasingly Legitimate Form of Warfare By Akil N. Awan 13 Internet Jihadists React to the Deaths of Al -Qa`ida’s Leaders in Iraq By...States when SIMI activists organized demonstrations in support of al -Qa`ida chief Usama bin Ladin, hailing him as a “true mujahid.”12 Due to Shafiq’s

Ethnicity and Prostate Cancer: Vitamin D Genetic and Sociodemographic Factors

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-01

polymorphisms and two SRD5A2 polymorphisms were genotyped: CDX2 (rs17883968; G/A) in the VDR promoter region and FokI (rs10735810; C/T) in VDR exon 2...and V89L (rs523349) and A49T (rs9282858) in exon 1 of the SRD5A2 gene. DNA for genotyping was extracted from blood samples using a QIAamp blood kit...and CYP3A4 . Hum Hered 2002;54:13^21. 33. John EM, Schwartz GG, Koo J, van den Berg D, Ingles SA. Sun exposure, vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms

Influence of menstrual phase and arid vs. humid heat stress on autonomic and behavioural thermoregulation during exercise in trained but unacclimated women

PubMed Central

Lei, Tze‐Huan; Stannard, Stephen R.; Perry, Blake G.; Schlader, Zachary J.; Cotter, James D.

2017-01-01

Key points Despite an attenuated fluctuation in ovarian hormone concentrations in well‐trained women, one in two of such women believe their menstrual cycle negatively impacts training and performance.Forthcoming large international events will expose female athletes to hot environments, and studies evaluating aerobic exercise performance in such environments across the menstrual cycle are sparse, with mixed findings.We have identified that autonomic heat loss responses at rest and during fixed‐intensity exercise in well‐trained women are not affected by menstrual cycle phase, but differ between dry and humid heat.Furthermore, exercise performance is not different across the menstrual cycle, yet is lower in humid heat, in conjunction with reduced evaporative cooling.Menstrual cycle phase does not appear to affect exercise performance in the heat in well‐trained women, but humidity impairs performance, probably due to reduced evaporative power. Abstract We studied thermoregulatory responses of ten well‐trained [V˙O2 max , 57 (7) ml min−1 kg−1] eumenorrheic women exercising in dry and humid heat, across their menstrual cycle. They completed four trials, each of resting and cycling at fixed intensities (125 and 150 W), to assess autonomic regulation, then self‐paced intensity (30 min work trial), to assess behavioural regulation. Trials were in early‐follicular (EF) and mid‐luteal (ML) phases in dry (DRY) and humid (HUM) heat matched for wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT, 27°C). During rest and fixed‐intensity exercise, rectal temperature was ∼0.2°C higher in ML than EF (P < 0.01) independent of environment (P = 0.66). Mean skin temperature did not differ between menstrual phases (P ≥ 0.13) but was higher in DRY than HUM (P < 0.01). Local sweat rate and/or forearm blood flow differed as a function of menstrual phase and environment (interaction: P ≤ 0.01). Exercise performance did not differ between phases [EF: 257 (37), ML: 255 (43) kJ, P = 0.62], but was 7 (9)% higher in DRY than HUM [263 (39), 248 (40) kJ; P < 0.01] in conjunction with equivalent autonomic regulation and thermal strain but higher evaporative cooling [16 (6) W m2; P < 0.01]. In well‐trained women exercising in the heat: (1) menstrual phase did not affect performance, (2) humidity impaired performance due to reduced evaporative cooling despite matched WBGT and (3) behavioural responses nullified thermodynamic and autonomic differences associated with menstrual phase and dry vs. humid heat. PMID:27900769

Influence of menstrual phase and arid vs. humid heat stress on autonomic and behavioural thermoregulation during exercise in trained but unacclimated women.

PubMed

Lei, Tze-Huan; Stannard, Stephen R; Perry, Blake G; Schlader, Zachary J; Cotter, James D; Mündel, Toby

2017-05-01

Despite an attenuated fluctuation in ovarian hormone concentrations in well-trained women, one in two of such women believe their menstrual cycle negatively impacts training and performance. Forthcoming large international events will expose female athletes to hot environments, and studies evaluating aerobic exercise performance in such environments across the menstrual cycle are sparse, with mixed findings. We have identified that autonomic heat loss responses at rest and during fixed-intensity exercise in well-trained women are not affected by menstrual cycle phase, but differ between dry and humid heat. Furthermore, exercise performance is not different across the menstrual cycle, yet is lower in humid heat, in conjunction with reduced evaporative cooling. Menstrual cycle phase does not appear to affect exercise performance in the heat in well-trained women, but humidity impairs performance, probably due to reduced evaporative power. We studied thermoregulatory responses of ten well-trained [V̇O2 max , 57 (7) ml min -1  kg -1 ] eumenorrheic women exercising in dry and humid heat, across their menstrual cycle. They completed four trials, each of resting and cycling at fixed intensities (125 and 150 W), to assess autonomic regulation, then self-paced intensity (30 min work trial), to assess behavioural regulation. Trials were in early-follicular (EF) and mid-luteal (ML) phases in dry (DRY) and humid (HUM) heat matched for wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT, 27°C). During rest and fixed-intensity exercise, rectal temperature was ∼0.2°C higher in ML than EF (P < 0.01) independent of environment (P = 0.66). Mean skin temperature did not differ between menstrual phases (P ≥ 0.13) but was higher in DRY than HUM (P < 0.01). Local sweat rate and/or forearm blood flow differed as a function of menstrual phase and environment (interaction: P ≤ 0.01). Exercise performance did not differ between phases [EF: 257 (37), ML: 255 (43) kJ, P = 0.62], but was 7 (9)% higher in DRY than HUM [263 (39), 248 (40) kJ; P < 0.01] in conjunction with equivalent autonomic regulation and thermal strain but higher evaporative cooling [16 (6) W m 2 ; P < 0.01]. In well-trained women exercising in the heat: (1) menstrual phase did not affect performance, (2) humidity impaired performance due to reduced evaporative cooling despite matched WBGT and (3) behavioural responses nullified thermodynamic and autonomic differences associated with menstrual phase and dry vs. humid heat. © 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2016 The Physiological Society.

Homozygous Expression of Mutant ELOVL4 Leads to Seizures and Death in a Novel Animal Model of Very Long-Chain Fatty Acid Deficiency.

PubMed

Hopiavuori, Blake R; Deák, Ferenc; Wilkerson, Joseph L; Brush, Richard S; Rocha-Hopiavuori, Nicole A; Hopiavuori, Austin R; Ozan, Kathryn G; Sullivan, Michael T; Wren, Jonathan D; Georgescu, Constantin; Szweda, Luke; Awasthi, Vibhudutta; Towner, Rheal; Sherry, David M; Anderson, Robert E; Agbaga, Martin-Paul

2018-02-01

Lipids are essential components of the nervous system. However, the functions of very long-chain fatty acids (VLC-FA; ≥ 28 carbons) in the brain are unknown. The enzyme ELOngation of Very Long-chain fatty acids-4 (ELOVL4) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of VLC-FA (Agbaga et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105(35): 12843-12848, 2008; Logan et al., J Lipid Res 55(4): 698-708, 2014), which we identified in the brain as saturated fatty acids (VLC-SFA). Homozygous mutations in ELOVL4 cause severe neuropathology in humans (Ozaki et al., JAMA Neurol 72(7): 797-805, 2015; Mir et al., BMC Med Genet 15: 25, 2014; Cadieux-Dion et al., JAMA Neurol 71(4): 470-475, 2014; Bourassa et al., JAMA Neurol 72(8): 942-943, 2015; Aldahmesh et al., Am J Hum Genet 89(6): 745-750, 2011) and are post-natal lethal in mice (Cameron et al., Int J Biol Sci 3(2): 111-119, 2007; Li et al., Int J Biol Sci 3(2): 120-128, 2007; McMahon et al., Molecular Vision 13: 258-272, 2007; Vasireddy et al., Hum Mol Genet 16(5): 471-482, 2007) from dehydration due to loss of VLC-SFA that comprise the skin permeability barrier. Double transgenic mice with homozygous knock-in of the Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (STDG3; 797-801_AACTT) mutation of Elovl4 with skin-specific rescue of wild-type Elovl4 expression (S + Elovl4 mut/mut mice) develop seizures by P19 and die by P21. Electrophysiological analyses of hippocampal slices showed aberrant epileptogenic activity in S + Elovl4 mut/mut mice. FM1-43 dye release studies showed that synapses made by cultured hippocampal neurons from S + Elovl4 mut/mut mice exhibited accelerated synaptic release kinetics. Supplementation of VLC-SFA to cultured hippocampal neurons from mutant mice rescued defective synaptic release to wild-type rates. Together, these studies establish a critical, novel role for ELOVL4 and its VLC-SFA products in regulating synaptic release kinetics and epileptogenesis. Future studies aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms by which VLC-SFA regulate synaptic function may provide new targets for improved seizure therapies.

Comparative study of reproductive skew and pair-bond stability using genealogies from 80 small-scale human societies.

PubMed

Ellsworth, Ryan M; Shenk, Mary K; Bailey, Drew H; Walker, Robert S

2016-05-01

Genealogies contain information on the prevalence of different sibling types that result from past reproductive behavior. Full sibling sets stem from stable monogamy, paternal half siblings primarily indicate male reproductive skew, and maternal half siblings reflect unstable pair bonds. Full and half sibling types are calculated for a total of 61,181 siblings from published genealogies for 80 small-scale societies, including foragers, horticulturalists, agriculturalists, and pastoralists from around the world. Most siblings are full (61%) followed by paternal half siblings (27%) and maternal half siblings (13%). Paternal half siblings are positively correlated with more polygynous marriages, higher at low latitudes, and slightly higher in nonforagers, Maternal half sibling fractions are slightly higher at low latitudes but do not vary with subsistence. Partible paternity societies in Amazonia have more paternal half siblings indicating higher male reproductive skew. Sibling counts from genealogies provide a convenient method to simultaneously investigate the reproductive skew and pair-bond stability dimensions of human mating systems cross-culturally. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:335-342, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Helmet-Induced Occipital Neuralgia in a Military Aviator.

PubMed

Chalela, Julio A

2018-04-01

Headaches among military personnel are very common and headgear wear is a frequently identified culprit. Helmet wear may cause migrainous headaches, external compression headache, other primary cranial neuralgias, and occipital neuralgia. The clinical features and the response to treatment allow distinction between the different types of headaches. Headaches among aviators are particularly concerning as they may act as distractors while flying and the treatment options are often incompatible with flying status. A 24-yr-old door gunner presented with suboccipital pain associated with the wear of his helmet. He described the pain as a paroxysmal stabbing sensation coming in waves. The physical exam and history supported the diagnosis of primary occipital neuralgia. Systemic pharmacological options were discussed with the soldier, but rejected due to his need to remain in flying status. An occipital nerve block was performed with good clinical results, supporting the diagnosis of occipital neuralgia and allowing him to continue as mission qualified. Occipital neuralgia can be induced by helmet wear in military personnel. Occipital nerve block can be performed in the deployed setting, allowing the service member to remain mission capable and sparing him/her from systemic side effects.Chalela JA. Helmet-induced occipital neuralgia in a military aviator. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(4):409-410.

A humanized version of Foxp2 does not affect ultrasonic vocalization in adult mice.

PubMed

Hammerschmidt, K; Schreiweis, C; Minge, C; Pääbo, S; Fischer, J; Enard, W

2015-11-01

The transcription factor FOXP2 has been linked to severe speech and language impairments in humans. An analysis of the evolution of the FOXP2 gene has identified two amino acid substitutions that became fixed after the split of the human and chimpanzee lineages. Studying the functional consequences of these two substitutions in the endogenous Foxp2 gene of mice showed alterations in dopamine levels, striatal synaptic plasticity, neuronal morphology and cortico-striatal-dependent learning. In addition, ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) of pups had a significantly lower average pitch than control littermates. To which degree adult USVs would be affected in mice carrying the 'humanized' Foxp2 variant remained unclear. In this study, we analyzed USVs of 68 adult male mice uttered during repeated courtship encounters with different females. Mice carrying the Foxp2(hum/hum) allele did not differ significantly in the number of call elements, their element structure or in their element composition from control littermates. We conclude that neither the structure nor the usage of USVs in adult mice is affected by the two amino acid substitutions that occurred in FOXP2 during human evolution. The reported effect for pup vocalization thus appears to be transient. These results are in line with accumulating evidence that mouse USVs are hardly influenced by vocal learning. Hence, the function and evolution of genes that are necessary, but not sufficient for vocal learning in humans, must be either studied at a different phenotypic level in mice or in other organisms. © 2015 The Authors. Genes, Brain and Behavior published by International Behavioural and Neural Genetics Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Reading without words or target detection? A re-analysis and replication fMRI study of the Landolt paradigm.

PubMed

Heim, Stefan; von Tongeln, Franziska; Hillen, Rebekka; Horbach, Josefine; Radach, Ralph; Günther, Thomas

2018-06-19

The Landolt paradigm is a visual scanning task intended to evoke reading-like eye-movements in the absence of orthographic or lexical information, thus allowing the dissociation of (sub-) lexical vs. visual processing. To that end, all letters in real word sentences are exchanged for closed Landolt rings, with 0, 1, or 2 open Landolt rings as targets in each Landolt sentence. A preliminary fMRI block-design study (Hillen et al. in Front Hum Neurosci 7:1-14, 2013) demonstrated that the Landolt paradigm has a special neural signature, recruiting the right IPS and SPL as part of the endogenous attention network. However, in that analysis, the brain responses to target detection could not be separated from those involved in processing Landolt stimuli without targets. The present study presents two fMRI experiments testing the question whether targets or the Landolt stimuli per se, led to the right IPS/SPL activation. Experiment 1 was an event-related re-analysis of the Hillen et al. (Front Hum Neurosci 7:1-14, 2013) data. Experiment 2 was a replication study with a new sample and identical procedures. In both experiments, the right IPS/SPL were recruited in the Landolt condition as compared to orthographic stimuli even in the absence of any target in the stimulus, indicating that the properties of the Landolt task itself trigger this right parietal activation. These findings are discussed against the background of behavioural and neuroimaging studies of healthy reading as well as developmental and acquired dyslexia. Consequently, this neuroimaging evidence might encourage the use of the Landolt paradigm also in the context of examining reading disorders, as it taps into the orientation of visual attention during reading-like scanning of stimuli without interfering sub-lexical information.

Consistency of magnetoencephalographic functional connectivity and network reconstruction using a template versus native MRI for co‐registration

PubMed Central

Douw, Linda; Stam, Cornelis J.; Tewarie, Prejaas; Hillebrand, Arjan

2017-01-01

Abstract Introduction Studies using functional connectivity and network analyses based on magnetoencephalography (MEG) with source localization are rapidly emerging in neuroscientific literature. However, these analyses currently depend on the availability of costly and sometimes burdensome individual MR scans for co‐registration. We evaluated the consistency of these measures when using a template MRI, instead of native MRI, for the analysis of functional connectivity and network topology. Methods Seventeen healthy participants underwent resting‐state eyes‐closed MEG and anatomical MRI. These data were projected into source space using an atlas‐based peak voxel and a centroid beamforming approach either using (1) participants’ native MRIs or (2) the Montreal Neurological Institute's template. For both methods, time series were reconstructed from 78 cortical atlas regions. Relative power was determined in six classical frequency bands per region and globally averaged. Functional connectivity (phase lag index) between each pair of regions was calculated. The adjacency matrices were then used to reconstruct functional networks, of which regional and global metrics were determined. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated and Bland–Altman plots were made to quantify the consistency and potential bias of the use of template versus native MRI. Results Co‐registration with the template yielded largely consistent relative power, connectivity, and network estimates compared to native MRI. Discussion These findings indicate that there is no (systematic) bias or inconsistency between template and native MRI co‐registration of MEG. They open up possibilities for retrospective and prospective analyses to MEG datasets in the general population that have no native MRIs available. Hum Brain Mapp, 2017. © 2017 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Brain Mapp 39:104–119, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. PMID:28990264

Spatial variation of dental caries in late holocene samples of Southern South America: A geostatistical study.

PubMed

Menéndez, Lumila Paula

2016-11-01

The spatial variation of dental caries in late Holocene southern South American populations will be analyzed using geostatistical methods. The existence of a continuous geographical pattern of dental caries variation will be tested. The author recorded dental caries in 400 individuals, collated this information with published caries data from 666 additional individuals, and calculated a Caries Index. The caries spatial distribution was evaluated by means of 2D maps and scatterplots. Geostatistical analyses were performed by calculating Moran's I, correlograms and a Procrustes analysis. There is a relatively strong latitudinal continuous gradient of dental caries variation, especially in the extremes of the distribution. Moreover, the association between dental caries and geography was relatively high (m 12  = 0.6). Although northern and southern samples had the highest and lowest frequencies of dental caries, respectively, the central ones had the largest variation and had lower rates of caries than expected. The large variation in frequencies of dental caries in populations located in the center of the distribution could be explained by their subsistence strategies, characterized either by the consumption of wild cariogenic plants or cultigens (obtained locally or by exchange), a reliance on fishing, or the incorporation of plants rich in starch rather than carbohydrates. It is suggested that dental caries must be considered a multifactorial disease which results from the interaction of cultural practices and environmental factors. This can change how we understand subsistence strategies as well as how we interpret dental caries rates. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:825-836, 2016. © 2016Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Evaluating the Use of Antibody Variable Region (Fv) Charge as a Risk Assessment Tool for Predicting Typical Cynomolgus Monkey Pharmacokinetics*

PubMed Central

Bumbaca Yadav, Daniela; Sharma, Vikas K.; Boswell, Charles Andrew; Hotzel, Isidro; Tesar, Devin; Shang, Yonglei; Ying, Yong; Fischer, Saloumeh K.; Grogan, Jane L.; Chiang, Eugene Y.; Urban, Konnie; Ulufatu, Sheila; Khawli, Leslie A.; Prabhu, Saileta; Joseph, Sean; Kelley, Robert F.

2015-01-01

The pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior of monoclonal antibodies in cynomolgus monkeys (cynos) is generally translatable to that in humans. Unfortunately, about 39% of the antibodies evaluated for PKs in cynos have fast nonspecific (or non-target-mediated) clearance (in-house data). An empirical model relating variable region (Fv) charge and hydrophobicity to cyno nonspecific clearance was developed to gauge the risk an antibody would have for fast nonspecific clearance in the monkey. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictability of this empirical model on cyno nonspecific clearance with antibodies specifically engineered to have either high or low Fv charge. These amino acid changes were made in the Fv region of two test antibodies, humAb4D5-8 and anti-lymphotoxin α. The humAb4D5-8 has a typical nonspecific clearance in cynos, and by making it more positively charged, the antibody acquires fast nonspecific clearance, and making it less positively charged did not impact its clearance. Anti-lymphotoxin α has fast nonspecific clearance in cynos, and making it more positively charged caused it to clear even faster, whereas making it less positively charged caused it to clear slower and within the typical range. These trends in clearance were also observed in two other preclinical species, mice and rats. The effect of modifying Fv charge on subcutaneous bioavailability was also examined, and in general bioavailability was inversely related to the direction of the Fv charge change. Thus, modifying Fv charge appears to impact antibody PKs, and the changes tended to correlate with those predicted by the empirical model. PMID:26491012

Interlaboratory comparison of three microbial source tracking quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays from fecal-source and environmental samples

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stelzer, Erin A.; Strickler, Kriston M.; Schill, William B.

2012-01-01

During summer and early fall 2010, 15 river samples and 6 fecal-source samples were collected in West Virginia. These samples were analyzed by three laboratories for three microbial source tracking (MST) markers: AllBac, a general fecal indicator; BacHum, a human-associated fecal indicator; and BoBac, a ruminant-associated fecal indicator. MST markers were analyzed by means of the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. The aim was to assess interlaboratory precision when the three laboratories used the same MST marker and shared deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extracts of the samples, but different equipment, reagents, and analyst experience levels. The term assay refers to both the markers and the procedure differences listed above. Interlaboratory precision was best for all three MST assays when using the geometric mean absolute relative percent difference (ARPD) and Friedman's statistical test as a measure of interlaboratory precision. Adjustment factors (one for each MST assay) were calculated using results from fecal-source samples analyzed by all three laboratories and applied retrospectively to sample concentrations to account for differences in qPCR results among labs using different standards and procedures. Following the application of adjustment factors to qPCR results, ARPDs were lower; however, statistically significant differences between labs were still observed for the BacHum and BoBac assays. This was a small study and two of the MST assays had 52 percent of samples with concentrations at or below the limit of accurate quantification; hence, more testing could be done to determine if the adjustment factors would work better if the majority of sample concentrations were above the quantification limit.

The population genetics of Quechuas, the largest native South American group: autosomal sequences, SNPs, and microsatellites evidence high level of diversity.

PubMed

Scliar, Marilia O; Soares-Souza, Giordano B; Chevitarese, Juliana; Lemos, Livia; Magalhães, Wagner C S; Fagundes, Nelson J; Bonatto, Sandro L; Yeager, Meredith; Chanock, Stephen J; Tarazona-Santos, Eduardo

2012-03-01

Elucidating the pattern of genetic diversity for non-European populations is necessary to make the benefits of human genetics research available to individuals from these groups. In the era of large human genomic initiatives, Native American populations have been neglected, in particular, the Quechua, the largest South Amerindian group settled along the Andes. We characterized the genetic diversity of a Quechua population in a global setting, using autosomal noncoding sequences (nine unlinked loci for a total of 16 kb), 351 unlinked SNPs and 678 microsatellites and tested predictions of the model of the evolution of Native Americans proposed by (Tarazona-Santos et al.: Am J Hum Genet 68 (2001) 1485-1496). European admixture is <5% and African ancestry is barely detectable in the studied population. The largest genetic distances were between African versus Quechua or Melanesian populations, which is concordant with the African origin of modern humans and the fact that South America was the last part of the world to be peopled. The diversity in the Quechua population is comparable with that of Eurasian populations, and the allele frequency spectrum based on resequencing data does not reflect a reduction in the proportion of rare alleles. Thus, the Quechua population is a large reservoir of common and rare genetic variants of South Amerindians. These results are consistent with and complement our evolutionary model of South Amerindians (Tarazona-Santos et al.: Am J Hum Genet 68 (2001) 1485-1496), proposed based on Y-chromosome data, which predicts high genomic diversity due to the high level of gene flow between Andean populations and their long-term effective population size. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Using active shape modeling based on MRI to study morphologic and pitch-related functional changes affecting vocal structures and the airway.

PubMed

Miller, Nicola A; Gregory, Jennifer S; Aspden, Richard M; Stollery, Peter J; Gilbert, Fiona J

2014-09-01

The shape of the vocal tract and associated structures (eg, tongue and velum) is complicated and varies according to development and function. This variability challenges interpretation of voice experiments. Quantifying differences between shapes and understanding how vocal structures move in relation to each other is difficult using traditional linear and angle measurements. With statistical shape models, shape can be characterized in terms of independent modes of variation. Here, we build an active shape model (ASM) to assess morphologic and pitch-related functional changes affecting vocal structures and the airway. Using a cross-sectional study design, we obtained six midsagittal magnetic resonance images from 10 healthy adults (five men and five women) at rest, while breathing out, and while listening to, and humming low and high notes. Eighty landmark points were chosen to define the shape of interest and an ASM was built using these (60) images. Principal component analysis was used to identify independent modes of variation, and statistical analysis was performed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Twenty modes of variation were identified with modes 1 and 2 accounting for half the total variance. Modes 1 and 9 were significantly associated with humming low and high notes (P < 0.001) and showed coordinated changes affecting the cervical spine, vocal structures, and airway. Mode 2 highlighted wide structural variations between subjects. This study highlights the potential of active shape modeling to advance understanding of factors underlying morphologic and pitch-related functional variations affecting vocal structures and the airway in health and disease. Copyright © 2014 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Genetic heritage of Croatians in the Southeastern European gene pool-Y chromosome analysis of the Croatian continental and Island population.

PubMed

Šarac, Jelena; Šarić, Tena; Havaš Auguštin, Dubravka; Novokmet, Natalija; Vekarić, Nenad; Mustać, Mate; Grahovac, Blaženka; Kapović, Miljenko; Nevajda, Branimir; Glasnović, Anton; Missoni, Saša; Rootsi, Siiri; Rudan, Pavao

2016-11-01

The research objective of this study is to enlarge and deepen the Y chromosome research on the Croatian population and enable additional insights into the population diversity and historic events that shaped the current genetic landscape of Croatia and Southeastern Europe (SEE). A high-resolution phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis of 66 biallelic (SNPs) and 17 microsatellite (STRs) markers of the Y chromosome was performed using 720 Croatian samples. The obtained results were placed in a wider European context by comparison with ∼4450 samples from a number of other European populations. A high diversity of haplogroups was observed in the overall Croatian sample, and all typical European Y chromosome haplogroups with corresponding clinal patterns were observed. Three distinct genetic signals were identifiable in the Croatian paternal gene pool - I2a1b-M423, R1a1a1b1a*-M558, and E1b1b1a1b1a-V13 haplogroups. The analyses of the dominant and autochthonous I2a1b-M423 lineage (>30%) suggest that SEE had a significant role in the Upper Paleolithic, the R1a1a1b1a*-M558 lineage (19%) represents a signal from present day Slavic populations of Central Europe in the Croatian population, and the phylogeography of the E1b1b1a1b1a-V13 clade (around 9%) implies cultural diffusion of agriculture into Europe via the Balkan Peninsula. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:837-845, 2016. © 2016Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Building and Testing a Portable VLF Receiver

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McLaughlin, Robert; Krause, L.

2014-01-01

Unwanted emissions or signal noise is a major problem for VLF radio receivers. These can occur from man made sources such as power line hum, which can be prevalent for many harmonics after the fundamental 50 or 60 Hz AC source or from VLF radio transmissions such as LORAN, used for navigation and communications. Natural emissions can also be detrimental to the quality of recordings as some of the more interesting natural emissions such as whistlers or auroral chorus may be drowned out by the more common sferic emissions. VLF receivers must selectively filter out unwanted emissions and amplify the filtered signal to a record-able level without degrading the quality.

A General Purpose Mini-Computer Based Digital Signal Processing Laboratory.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-06-01

DOUBLE PPEC IC I DM C0CT2 C3 0) - C0CET4 . 3 0> DOUBLE PPEC ISI Oh CUB 1 CS 0) < CUEE ɠ 0 > , SUB3 ɠ 0> DOUELE PPECICION CUE6O30> » SUB7 ɠQ> »SUB3CB0...97 J — MUM = 1.30 DEM = I.DO DO JO J=l«f HUM = NUM*< SUEI <J;>+SUB2<J>*C0ST2<:D «•suB3O>*C0S2T4<.i1 DEN • DEN*<SUB6’CJ>+ SUB7 <J

Singing by speechless (aphasic) children: Victorian medical observations.

PubMed

Lorch, Marjorie Perlman; Greenblatt, Samuel H

2015-01-01

In the second half of the nineteenth century, British clinicians made observations regarding the ability of individuals with impaired language abilities to sing or hum. One notable publication was of two cases of children briefly observed by John Hughlings Jackson (1835-1911) in 1871. These children were speechless but could produce some musical expression. Other such cases attracted the attention of Victorian clinicians who were actively pursuing theoretical questions regarding the organization of brain function and laterality. The presence of musical expression in children who failed to develop spoken language was seen as a notable symptom for early practitioners of pediatric neurology. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Haptic contents of a movie dynamically engage the spectator's sensorimotor cortex.

PubMed

Lankinen, Kaisu; Smeds, Eero; Tikka, Pia; Pihko, Elina; Hari, Riitta; Koskinen, Miika

2016-11-01

Observation of another person's actions and feelings activates brain areas that support similar functions in the observer, thereby facilitating inferences about the other's mental and bodily states. In real life, events eliciting this kind of vicarious brain activations are intermingled with other complex, ever-changing stimuli in the environment. One practical approach to study the neural underpinnings of real-life vicarious perception is to image brain activity during movie viewing. Here the goal was to find out how observed haptic events in a silent movie would affect the spectator's sensorimotor cortex. The functional state of the sensorimotor cortex was monitored by analyzing, in 16 healthy subjects, magnetoencephalographic (MEG) responses to tactile finger stimuli that were presented once per second throughout the session. Using canonical correlation analysis and spatial filtering, consistent single-trial responses across subjects were uncovered, and their waveform changes throughout the movie were quantified. The long-latency (85-175 ms) parts of the responses were modulated in concordance with the participants' average moment-by-moment ratings of own engagement in the haptic content of the movie (correlation r = 0.49; ratings collected after the MEG session). The results, obtained by using novel signal-analysis approaches, demonstrate that the functional state of the human sensorimotor cortex fluctuates in a fine-grained manner even during passive observation of temporally varying haptic events. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4061-4068, 2016. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A Psychiatric Formulary for Long-Duration Spaceflight.

PubMed

Friedman, Eric; Bui, Brian

2017-11-01

Behavioral health is essential for the safety, well-being, and performance of crewmembers in both human spaceflight and Antarctic exploration. Over the past five decades, psychiatric issues have been documented in orbital spaceflight. In Antarctica, literature suggests up to 5% of wintering crewmembers could meet criteria for a psychiatric illness, including mood disorders, stressor-related disorders, sleep-wake disorders, and substance-related disorders. Experience from these settings indicates that psychiatric disorders on deep space missions must be anticipated. An important part of planning for the psychological health of crewmembers is the onboard provision of psychotropic drugs. These medications have been available on orbital missions. A greater variety and supply of these drugs exist at Antarctic facilities. The size and diversity of a deep space psychiatric formulary will be greater than that provided on orbital missions. Drugs to be provisioned include anxiolytics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and hypnotics. Each drug category should include different medications, providing diverse pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and side effect profiles. The formulary itself should be rigorously controlled, given the abuse potential of some medications. In-flight treatment strategies could include psychological monitoring of well-being and early intervention for significant symptoms. Psychiatric emergencies would be treated aggressively with behavioral and pharmacological interventions to de-escalate potentially hazardous situations. On long-duration space missions, a robust psychiatric formulary could provide crewmembers autonomy and flexibility in treating a range of behavioral issues from depression to acute psychosis. This will contribute to the safety, health, and performance of crewmembers, and to mission success.Friedman E, Bui B. A psychiatric formulary for long-duration spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(11):1024-1033.

Brain reward system's alterations in response to food and monetary stimuli in overweight and obese individuals.

PubMed

Verdejo-Román, Juan; Vilar-López, Raquel; Navas, Juan F; Soriano-Mas, Carles; Verdejo-García, Antonio

2017-02-01

The brain's reward system is crucial to understand obesity in modern society, as increased neural responsivity to reward can fuel the unhealthy food choices that are driving the growing obesity epidemic. Brain's reward system responsivity to food and monetary rewards in individuals with excessive weight (overweight and obese) versus normal weight controls, along with the relationship between this responsivity and body mass index (BMI) were tested. The sample comprised 21 adults with obesity (BMI > 30), 21 with overweight (BMI between 25 and 30), and 39 with normal weight (BMI < 25). Participants underwent a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session while performing two tasks that involve the processing of food (Willing to Pay) and monetary rewards (Monetary Incentive Delay). Neural activations within the brain reward system were compared across the three groups. Curve fit analyses were conducted to establish the association between BMI and brain reward system's response. Individuals with obesity had greater food-evoked responsivity in the dorsal and ventral striatum compared with overweight and normal weight groups. There was an inverted U-shape association between BMI and monetary-evoked responsivity in the ventral striatum, medial frontal cortex, and amygdala; that is, individuals with BMIs between 27 and 32 had greater responsivity to monetary stimuli. Obesity is associated with greater food-evoked responsivity in the ventral and dorsal striatum, and overweight is associated with greater monetary-evoked responsivity in the ventral striatum, the amygdala, and the medial frontal cortex. Findings suggest differential reactivity of the brain's reward system to food versus monetary rewards in obesity and overweight. Hum Brain Mapp 38:666-677, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Multiple-region directed functional connectivity based on phase delays.

PubMed

Goelman, Gadi; Dan, Rotem

2017-03-01

Network analysis is increasingly advancing the field of neuroimaging. Neural networks are generally constructed from pairwise interactions with an assumption of linear relations between them. Here, a high-order statistical framework to calculate directed functional connectivity among multiple regions, using wavelet analysis and spectral coherence has been presented. The mathematical expression for 4 regions was derived and used to characterize a quartet of regions as a linear, combined (nonlinear), or disconnected network. Phase delays between regions were used to obtain network's temporal hierarchy and directionality. The validity of the mathematical derivation along with the effects of coupling strength and noise on its outcomes were studied by computer simulations of the Kuramoto model. The simulations demonstrated correct directionality for a large range of coupling strength and low sensitivity to Gaussian noise compared with pairwise coherences. The analysis was applied to resting-state fMRI data of 40 healthy young subjects to characterize the ventral visual system, motor system and default mode network (DMN). It was shown that the ventral visual system was predominantly composed of linear networks while the motor system and the DMN were composed of combined (nonlinear) networks. The ventral visual system exhibits its known temporal hierarchy, the motor system exhibits center ↔ out hierarchy and the DMN has dorsal ↔ ventral and anterior ↔ posterior organizations. The analysis can be applied in different disciplines such as seismology, or economy and in a variety of brain data including stimulus-driven fMRI, electrophysiology, EEG, and MEG, thus open new horizons in brain research. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1374-1386, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Development Of HUD Combiner For Automotive Windshield Application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hattori, Akimasa; Makita, Kensuke; Okabayashi, Shigeru

1989-12-01

The head-up display system (HUM) has been developed for the windshield of Nissan Motor's passenger car, '88 model of Silvia (240SX) and '89 model of Maxima. HUD consists of a projector with high brightness VFT and a combiner which is a light-selective reflective film applied on the surface of ' e windshield. The system provides nice display legibility of speed in a three-digit reap at the position more than one meter far from driver's eye even under the bright sunlight. In this report, we present the optical properties and manufacturing process of the advanced combiner. The combiner has to have high transmittance as well as high reflectance so that a driver can see both foreground object and display reading at the same time. The optical design for the combiner is based on the concepts: (a) Visible light transmittance has to be 70% or more in accordance with a legal requirement, and (b) taking both peak wavelengths of Vim' and sensitivity characteristics of human eyes into consideration, 530nm of wave length is chosen as a reflective light. The combiner consists of a dielectric thin layer of Ti02-Si02 system. Its basic structure is decided by simulation with matrix method of the resultant waves. The coating film is applied on the restricted area of the forth surface of laminated windshield by newly developed solgel printing process using a metal alkoxide solution with a relatively long storage life.

Monitoring system and methods for a distributed and recoverable digital control system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stange, Kent (Inventor); Hess, Richard (Inventor); Kelley, Gerald B (Inventor); Rogers, Randy (Inventor)

2010-01-01

A monitoring system and methods are provided for a distributed and recoverable digital control system. The monitoring system generally comprises two independent monitoring planes within the control system. The first monitoring plane is internal to the computing units in the control system, and the second monitoring plane is external to the computing units. The internal first monitoring plane includes two in-line monitors. The first internal monitor is a self-checking, lock-step-processing monitor with integrated rapid recovery capability. The second internal monitor includes one or more reasonableness monitors, which compare actual effector position with commanded effector position. The external second monitor plane includes two monitors. The first external monitor includes a pre-recovery computing monitor, and the second external monitor includes a post recovery computing monitor. Various methods for implementing the monitoring functions are also disclosed.

A computational approach to negative priming

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schrobsdorff, H.; Ihrke, M.; Kabisch, B.; Behrendt, J.; Hasselhorn, M.; Herrmann, J. Michael

2007-09-01

Priming is characterized by a sensitivity of reaction times to the sequence of stimuli in psychophysical experiments. The reduction of the reaction time observed in positive priming is well-known and experimentally understood (Scarborough et al., J. Exp. Psycholol: Hum. Percept. Perform., 3, pp. 1-17, 1977). Negative priming—the opposite effect—is experimentally less tangible (Fox, Psychonom. Bull. Rev., 2, pp. 145-173, 1995). The dependence on subtle parameter changes (such as response-stimulus interval) usually varies. The sensitivity of the negative priming effect bears great potential for applications in research in fields such as memory, selective attention, and ageing effects. We develop and analyse a computational realization, CISAM, of a recent psychological model for action decision making, the ISAM (Kabisch, PhD thesis, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat, 2003), which is sensitive to priming conditions. With the dynamical systems approach of the CISAM, we show that a single adaptive threshold mechanism is sufficient to explain both positive and negative priming effects. This is achieved by comparing results obtained by the computational modelling with experimental data from our laboratory. The implementation provides a rich base from which testable predictions can be derived, e.g. with respect to hitherto untested stimulus combinations (e.g. single-object trials).

Whole brain fiber-based comparison (FBC)-A tool for diffusion tensor imaging-based cohort studies.

PubMed

Zimmerman-Moreno, Gali; Ben Bashat, Dafna; Artzi, Moran; Nefussy, Beatrice; Drory, Vivian; Aizenstein, Orna; Greenspan, Hayit

2016-02-01

We present a novel method for fiber-based comparison of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans of groups of subjects. The method entails initial preprocessing and fiber reconstruction by tractography of each brain in its native coordinate system. Several diffusion parameters are sampled along each fiber and used in subsequent comparisons. A spatial correspondence between subjects is established based on geometric similarity between fibers in a template set (several choices for template are explored), and fibers in all other subjects. Diffusion parameters between groups are compared statistically for each template fiber. Results are presented at single fiber resolution. As an initial exploratory step in neurological population studies this method points to the locations affected by the pathology of interest, without requiring a hypothesis. It does not make any grouping assumptions on the fibers and no manual intervention is needed. The framework was applied here to 18 healthy subjects and 23 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. The results are compatible with previous findings and with the tract based spatial statistics (TBSS) method. Hum Brain Mapp 37:477-490, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Glucose modulates food-related salience coding of midbrain neurons in humans.

PubMed

Ulrich, Martin; Endres, Felix; Kölle, Markus; Adolph, Oliver; Widenhorn-Müller, Katharina; Grön, Georg

2016-12-01

Although early rat studies demonstrated that administration of glucose diminishes dopaminergic midbrain activity, evidence in humans has been lacking so far. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study, glucose was intravenously infused in healthy human male participants while seeing images depicting low-caloric food (LC), high-caloric food (HC), and non-food (NF) during a food/NF discrimination task. Analysis of brain activation focused on the ventral tegmental area (VTA) as the origin of the mesolimbic system involved in salience coding. Under unmodulated fasting baseline conditions, VTA activation was greater during HC compared with LC food cues. Subsequent to infusion of glucose, this difference in VTA activation as a function of caloric load leveled off and even reversed. In a control group not receiving glucose, VTA activation during HC relative to LC cues remained stable throughout the course of the experiment. Similar treatment-specific patterns of brain activation were observed for the hypothalamus. The present findings show for the first time in humans that glucose infusion modulates salience coding mediated by the VTA. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4376-4384, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Representation and alignment of sung queries for music information retrieval

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adams, Norman H.; Wakefield, Gregory H.

2005-09-01

The pursuit of robust and rapid query-by-humming systems, which search melodic databases using sung queries, is a common theme in music information retrieval. The retrieval aspect of this database problem has received considerable attention, whereas the front-end processing of sung queries and the data structure to represent melodies has been based on musical intuition and historical momentum. The present work explores three time series representations for sung queries: a sequence of notes, a ``smooth'' pitch contour, and a sequence of pitch histograms. The performance of the three representations is compared using a collection of naturally sung queries. It is found that the most robust performance is achieved by the representation with highest dimension, the smooth pitch contour, but that this representation presents a formidable computational burden. For all three representations, it is necessary to align the query and target in order to achieve robust performance. The computational cost of the alignment is quadratic, hence it is necessary to keep the dimension small for rapid retrieval. Accordingly, iterative deepening is employed to achieve both robust performance and rapid retrieval. Finally, the conventional iterative framework is expanded to adapt the alignment constraints based on previous iterations, further expediting retrieval without degrading performance.

Cape Romanzof AFS, Alaska. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-03-01

65 .3 SE :. 5 l. *: -. --- Z_____ it. _--_-._ _0--- SSE I* .i .o 5 ...1.2 .Z7.7__ __ _____ *l. * 5 1.01 1.5 .61 *? ____ 5.1__ It*.?______ CALIM. TOTAL HUMS N OSSVATIOHS 8I 0 IJSAFETAC FO M - 65 ,OL.A PCIVOUS ED1ION5 Of -" 5 ...b9.6 61.3 6,,. 5 . 5 61.2 61.7 61.7 !3.6 53. 4l.’ 15.. * 1.! 56.0 6’.i 62.2 4.6 65.1 6 . 65 .𔄃 65.7 6t,.9 t7.3 67.3 69.1 69. 7 5 " .S *~3 .4 &

State of the environment in the arrangement area of the enterprises for repairing and utilization of nuclear-powered submarines.

PubMed

Dovgusha, V V; Bychenkov, V S; Blekher AYa; Belyaev, A V; Krupkin, A B; Kovygin GPh; Puzikov, A G; Ryabchikov, S G; Stepanov, S V; Toropov, S A

2001-01-01

The influence of nuclear-powered utilization (disjunction) upon the state of health of the soil, vegetation and atmospheric air was studied. It was stated that the concentration of hazardous metals in the air of an industrial site did not exceed the permissible levels. In the residential area the cases of increased concentrations of manganese and chromium were noted. The major pollutants of vegetation are manganese, titanium, copper and nickel. The authors propose a complex of anthropogenic factors to be the cause of the environmental contamination by hard metals. The volume activity of radioactive aerosols in the studied site is confined to the local hum.

Ho hum, another work of the devil. Buggery and sodomy in early Stuart England.

PubMed

Burg, B R

A study of contemporary handbooks for justices of the peace, sworn depositions, and other judicial records shows that in early Stuart England people were relatively tolerant of homosexuality. Sodomy was a minor felony, but more than homosexual activity was required to prosecute an offender. Persons accused of religious heresy, political offenses, or violating social-class distinctions also might be charged with sodomy, as illustrated by the cases of Lord Audley, Earl of Castlehaven and John Atherton, Bishop of Waterford and Lismore. Although the Puritans expanded the list of sexual acts proscribed as vices, even they did not react to it with the extreme horror characteristic of the Victorian era and the present day.

A Study to Develop a Functional User’s Model for the Replacement of Patient Furnishings on Nursing Wards at Walter Reed Army Medical Center

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-07-21

as the Z means by which users are expected to develop and maintain the technical Z M environment. (Johnson, D. 24 Jun 1987, Higgins 1987, Smullen 1987...21-34, Higgins , CPT Stephanie. Minutes. WRAMC Furniture Committee. 13 Apr. 1987. Johnson, COL Donald A. Minutes. WRA O Furniture Committee Meeting. 25...FC) 0.- P9C!0 Water Cose:. Tas4~ Hum(EC’ I O ~cc’c2 M28:5 Sr.cxe:, Tv Umincre Type A2~.1,~ ~Ccinet, Bedsice -4 2/2R) Chir , isitcr I r217o C:,cir, Pct

Subjective preference evaluation of sound fields by performing singers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Noson, Dennis

2003-08-01

A model of the auditory process is proposed for performing singers, which incorporates the added signal from bone conduction, as well as the psychological distance for subjective preference of the performer from the acoustic sound field of the stage. The explanatory power of previous scientific studies of vocal stage acoustics has been limited by a lack of an underlying theory of performer preference. Ando's theory, using the autocorrelation function (ACF) for parametrizing temporal factors, was applied to interpretation of singer sound field preference determined by the pair comparison method. Melisma style singing (no lyrics) was shown to increase the preferred delay time of reflections from a mean of 14 ms with lyrics to 23 ms without (p<0.05). The extent of the shift in preferred time delay was shown to be directly related to minima of the effective duration of the running ACF, (τe)min, calculated from each singer's voice. Voice matching experiments for singers demonstrated a strong overestimate of the voice outside the head compared with the singer's own voice (22.4 dB overestimate, p<0.01). Individual singer melisma singing delay preferences were compared for ``ah'' versus ``hum'' syllables, and the increased delay preference (41 ms) was shown to be correlated with (τe)min (r2<0.68, p<0.01). When the proposed bone conduction model was applied, using the measured overestimate of sound level of the singer's own voice for each singer (9.9 dB mean overestimate difference between ``ah'' and ``hum,'' p<0.01), the relationship of singer preference to (τe)min was improved (r2=0.97, p<0.01). Thesis advisor: Yoichi Ando Copies of this thesis are available from the author by inquiry at BRC Acoustics, 1741 First Avenue South, Seattle, WA 98134 USA. E-mail address: dnoson@brcacoustics.com

Effects of hearing aids in the balance, quality of life and fear to fall in elderly people with sensorineural hearing loss

PubMed Central

Lacerda, Clara Fonseca; Silva, Luciana Oliveira e; de Tavares Canto, Roberto Sérgio; Cheik, Nadia Carla

2012-01-01

Summary Introduction: The aging process provokes structural modifications and functional to it greets, compromising the postural control and central processing. Studies have boarded the necessity to identify to the harmful factors of risk to aged the auditory health and security in stricken aged by auditory deficits and with alterations of balance. Objective: To evaluate the effect of auditory prosthesis in the quality of life, the balance and the fear of fall in aged with bilateral auditory loss. Method: Carried through clinical and experimental study with 56 aged ones with sensorineural auditory loss, submitted to the use of auditory prosthesis of individual sonorous amplification (AASI). The aged ones had answered to the questionnaires of quality of life Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Falls Efficacy International Scale- (FES-I) and the test of Berg Balance Scale (BBS). After 4 months, the aged ones that they adapted to the use of the AASI had been reevaluated. Results: It had 50% of adaptation of the aged ones to the AASI. It was observed that the masculine sex had greater difficulty in adapting to the auditory device and that the variable age, degree of loss, presence of humming and vertigo had not intervened with the adaptation to auditory prosthesis. It had improvement of the quality of life in the dominance of the State General Health (EGS) and Functional Capacity (CF) and of the humming, as well as the increase of the auto-confidence after adaptation of auditory prosthesis. Conclusion: The use of auditory prosthesis provided the improvement of the domains of the quality of life, what it reflected consequently in one better auto-confidence and in the long run in the reduction of the fear of fall in aged with sensorineural auditory loss. PMID:25991930

40 CFR 75.16 - Special provisions for monitoring emissions from common, bypass, and multiple stacks for SO2...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... maintain an SO2 continuous emission monitoring system and flow monitoring system in the duct to the common... emission monitoring system and flow monitoring system in the common stack and combine emissions for the... continuous emission monitoring system and flow monitoring system in the duct to the common stack from each...

Flight Performance During Exposure to Acute Hypobaric Hypoxia.

PubMed

Steinman, Yuval; van den Oord, Marieke H A H; Frings-Dresen, Monique H W; Sluiter, Judith K

2017-08-01

The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of hypobaric hypoxia (HH) on a pilot's flight performance during exposure to simulated altitudes of 91, 3048, and 4572 m (300, 10,000, and 15,000 ft) and to monitor the pilot's physiological reactions. In a single-blinded counter-balanced design, 12 male pilots were exposed to HH while flying in a flight simulator that had been placed in a hypobaric chamber. Flight performance of the pilots, pilot's alertness level, Spo2, heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (VE), and breathing frequency (BF) were measured. A significant difference was found in Flight Profile Accuracy (FPA) between the three altitudes. Post hoc analysis showed no significant difference in performance between 91 m and 3048 m. A trend was observed at 4572 m, suggesting a decrease in flight performance at that altitude. Significantly lower alertness levels were observed at the start of the flight at 4572 m compared to 91 m, and at the end of the flight at 4572 m compared to the start at that altitude. Spo2 and BF decreased, and HR increased significantly with altitude. The present study did not provide decisive evidence for a decrease in flight performance during exposure to simulated altitudes of 3048 and 4572 m. However, large interindividual variation in pilots' flight performance combined with a gradual decrease in alertness levels observed in the present study puts into question the ability of pilots to safely fly an aircraft while exposed to these altitudes without supplemental oxygen.Steinman Y, van den Oord MHAH, Frings-Dresen MHW, Sluiter JK. Flight performance during exposure to acute hypobaric hypoxia. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(8):760-767.

Sleep on Long Haul Layovers and Pilot Fatigue at the Start of the Next Duty Period.

PubMed

Cosgrave, Jan; Wu, Lora J; van den Berg, Margo; Signal, T Leigh; Gander, Philippa H

2018-01-01

Layovers are critical for pilot recovery between flights and minimum layover durations are required by regulation. However, research on the factors affecting layover sleep and safety performance indicators (SPIs) before subsequent flights is relatively sparse. The present project combined data from 6 studies, including 8 long-range and 5 ultra-long range out-and-back trips across a range of different layover destinations (299 pilots in 4-person crews, 410 layovers, 1-3 d layover duration). Sleep was monitored via actigraphy from 3 d pre-trip to at least 3 d post-trip. Pilots rated their sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, KSS) and fatigue (Samn-Perelli scale, SP) at duty start for the inbound flight. Mixed model ANOVAs identified independent associations between fatigue and sleepiness SPIs and operational factors (domicile time of duty start for the inbound flight in six 4-h bins, layover duration, and total sleep time (TST) in the 24 h prior to inbound duty start). TST was greatest on layovers ending between 1200-1559 domicile time (time in the city from which the outbound flight departed) and TST was a significant predictor of both KSS and SP ratings at duty start for the inbound flight. TST in the 24 h prior to the inbound flight was greatest when duty start time allowed for the inclusion of a full domicile night time period. In this dataset, circadian end-time of layovers is a key determinant of pilot fatigue status at the beginning of the inbound duty period.Cosgrove J, Wu LJ, van den Berg M, Signal TL, Gander PH. Sleep on long haul layovers and pilot fatigue at the start of the next duty period. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(1):19-25.

Equivalence Testing as a Tool for Fatigue Risk Management in Aviation.

PubMed

Wu, Lora J; Gander, Philippa H; van den Berg, Margo; Signal, T Leigh

2018-04-01

Many civilian aviation regulators favor evidence-based strategies that go beyond hours-of-service approaches for managing fatigue risk. Several countries now allow operations to be flown outside of flight and duty hour limitations, provided airlines demonstrate an alternative method of compliance that yields safety levels "at least equivalent to" the prescriptive regulations. Here we discuss equivalence testing in occupational fatigue risk management. We present suggested ratios/margins of practical equivalence when comparing operations inside and outside of prescriptive regulations for two common aviation safety performance indicators: total in-flight sleep duration and psychomotor vigilance task reaction speed. Suggested levels of practical equivalence, based on expertise coupled with evidence from field and laboratory studies, are ≤ 30 min in-flight sleep and ± 15% of reference response speed. Equivalence testing is illustrated in analyses of a within-subjects field study during an out-and-back long-range trip. During both sectors of their trip, 41 pilots were monitored via actigraphy, sleep diary, and top of descent psychomotor vigilance task. Pilots were assigned to take rest breaks in a standard lie-flat bunk on one sector and in a bunk tapered 9 from hip to foot on the other sector. Total in-flight sleep duration (134 ± 53 vs. 135 ± 55 min) and mean reaction speed at top of descent (3.94 ± 0.58 vs. 3.77 ± 0.58) were equivalent after rest in the full vs. tapered bunk. Equivalence testing is a complimentary statistical approach to difference testing when comparing levels of fatigue and performance in occupational settings and can be applied in transportation policy decision making.Wu LJ, Gander PH, van den Berg M, Signal TL. Equivalence testing as a tool for fatigue risk management in aviation. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(4):383-388.

DNA Methylation Adds Prognostic Value to Minimal Residual Disease Status in Pediatric T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

PubMed

Borssén, Magnus; Haider, Zahra; Landfors, Mattias; Norén-Nyström, Ulrika; Schmiegelow, Kjeld; Åsberg, Ann E; Kanerva, Jukka; Madsen, Hans O; Marquart, Hanne; Heyman, Mats; Hultdin, Magnus; Roos, Göran; Forestier, Erik; Degerman, Sofie

2016-07-01

Despite increased knowledge about genetic aberrations in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), no clinically feasible treatment-stratifying marker exists at diagnosis. Instead patients are enrolled in intensive induction therapies with substantial side effects. In modern protocols, therapy response is monitored by minimal residual disease (MRD) analysis and used for postinduction risk group stratification. DNA methylation profiling is a candidate for subtype discrimination at diagnosis and we investigated its role as a prognostic marker in pediatric T-ALL. Sixty-five diagnostic T-ALL samples from Nordic pediatric patients treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology ALL 2008 (NOPHO ALL 2008) protocol were analyzed by HumMeth450K genome wide DNA methylation arrays. Methylation status was analyzed in relation to clinical data and early T-cell precursor (ETP) phenotype. Two distinct CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) groups were identified. Patients with a CIMP-negative profile had an inferior response to treatment compared to CIMP-positive patients (3-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR3y ) rate: 29% vs. 6%, P = 0.01). Most importantly, CIMP classification at diagnosis allowed subgrouping of high-risk T-ALL patients (MRD ≥0.1% at day 29) into two groups with significant differences in outcome (CIR3y rates: CIMP negative 50% vs. CIMP positive 12%; P = 0.02). These groups did not differ regarding ETP phenotype, but the CIMP-negative group was younger (P = 0.02) and had higher white blood cell count at diagnosis (P = 0.004) compared with the CIMP-positive group. CIMP classification at diagnosis in combination with MRD during induction therapy is a strong candidate for further risk classification and could confer important information in treatment decision making. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Ethnic differences in inter- and intra-situational blood pressure variation: Comparisons among African-American, Hispanic-American, Asian-American, and European-American women.

PubMed

James, Gary D; Bovbjerg, Dana H; Hill, Leah A

2016-11-01

The purpose of this study was to compare the daily inter- and intra-situational ambulatory blood pressure (BP) variation by ethnicity in women. The African-American (N = 82; Age = 39.7 + 8.9), Hispanic-American (N = 25; age = 37.5 + 9.4), Asian-American (N = 22; Age = 35.2 + 8.6), and European-American (N = 122; Age = 37.2+ 9.4) women in this study all worked in similar positions at two major medical centers in NYC. Each wore an ambulatory monitor during the course of one mid-week workday. Proportional BP changes from work or home to sleep, intra-situational BP variation (standard deviation [SD]) and mean situational BP levels were compared among the groups using ANOVA models. African-American and Asian-American women had significantly smaller proportional work-sleep systolic changes than either European- (P < 0.05) or Hispanic-American (P < 0.05) women, but the Asian-American women's changes tended to be smallest. The variability (SD) of diastolic BP at work was significantly greater among African- and Hispanic-American women compared to Asian- and European-American women (all P < 0.05). African-American women had greater sleep variability than European-American women (P < 0.05). Asian-American women had the highest level of sleep diastolic pressure (all comparisons P < 0.05). African-American and Asian-American women have an attenuated proportional BP decline from waking environments to sleep compared to European-American and Hispanic-American women. Asian-American nocturnal BP may be elevated relative to all other groups. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:932-935, 2016. © 2016Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Parametric fMRI of paced motor responses uncovers novel whole-brain imaging biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.

PubMed

Duarte, João Valente; Faustino, Ricardo; Lobo, Mercês; Cunha, Gil; Nunes, César; Ferreira, Carlos; Januário, Cristina; Castelo-Branco, Miguel

2016-10-01

Machado-Joseph Disease, inherited type 3 spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA3), is the most common form worldwide. Neuroimaging and neuropathology have consistently demonstrated cerebellar alterations. Here we aimed to discover whole-brain functional biomarkers, based on parametric performance-level-dependent signals. We assessed 13 patients with early SCA3 and 14 healthy participants. We used a combined parametric behavioral/functional neuroimaging design to investigate disease fingerprints, as a function of performance levels, coupled with structural MRI and voxel-based morphometry. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was designed to parametrically analyze behavior and neural responses to audio-paced bilateral thumb movements at temporal frequencies of 1, 3, and 5 Hz. Our performance-level-based design probing neuronal correlates of motor coordination enabled the discovery that neural activation and behavior show critical loss of parametric modulation specifically in SCA3, associated with frequency-dependent cortico/subcortical activation/deactivation patterns. Cerebellar/cortical rate-dependent dissociation patterns could clearly differentiate between groups irrespective of grey matter loss. Our findings suggest functional reorganization of the motor network and indicate a possible role of fMRI as a tool to monitor disease progression in SCA3. Accordingly, fMRI patterns proved to be potential biomarkers in early SCA3, as tested by receiver operating characteristic analysis of both behavior and neural activation at different frequencies. Discrimination analysis based on BOLD signal in response to the applied parametric finger-tapping task significantly often reached >80% sensitivity and specificity in single regions-of-interest.Functional fingerprints based on cerebellar and cortical BOLD performance dependent signal modulation can thus be combined as diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets in hereditary ataxia. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3656-3668, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Cortical and subcortical mechanisms of brain-machine interfaces.

PubMed

Marchesotti, Silvia; Martuzzi, Roberto; Schurger, Aaron; Blefari, Maria Laura; Del Millán, José R; Bleuler, Hannes; Blanke, Olaf

2017-06-01

Technical advances in the field of Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs) enable users to control a variety of external devices such as robotic arms, wheelchairs, virtual entities and communication systems through the decoding of brain signals in real time. Most BMI systems sample activity from restricted brain regions, typically the motor and premotor cortex, with limited spatial resolution. Despite the growing number of applications, the cortical and subcortical systems involved in BMI control are currently unknown at the whole-brain level. Here, we provide a comprehensive and detailed report of the areas active during on-line BMI control. We recorded functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data while participants controlled an EEG-based BMI inside the scanner. We identified the regions activated during BMI control and how they overlap with those involved in motor imagery (without any BMI control). In addition, we investigated which regions reflect the subjective sense of controlling a BMI, the sense of agency for BMI-actions. Our data revealed an extended cortical-subcortical network involved in operating a motor-imagery BMI. This includes not only sensorimotor regions but also the posterior parietal cortex, the insula and the lateral occipital cortex. Interestingly, the basal ganglia and the anterior cingulate cortex were involved in the subjective sense of controlling the BMI. These results inform basic neuroscience by showing that the mechanisms of BMI control extend beyond sensorimotor cortices. This knowledge may be useful for the development of BMIs that offer a more natural and embodied feeling of control for the user. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2971-2989, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

EPMOSt: An Energy-Efficient Passive Monitoring System for Wireless Sensor Networks

PubMed Central

Garcia, Fernando P.; Andrade, Rossana M. C.; Oliveira, Carina T.; de Souza, José Neuman

2014-01-01

Monitoring systems are important for debugging and analyzing Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). In passive monitoring, a monitoring network needs to be deployed in addition to the network to be monitored, named the target network. The monitoring network captures and analyzes packets transmitted by the target network. An energy-efficient passive monitoring system is necessary when we need to monitor a WSN in a real scenario because the lifetime of the monitoring network is extended and, consequently, the target network benefits from the monitoring for a longer time. In this work, we have identified, analyzed and compared the main passive monitoring systems proposed for WSN. During our research, we did not identify any passive monitoring system for WSN that aims to reduce the energy consumption of the monitoring network. Therefore, we propose an Energy-efficient Passive MOnitoring SysTem for WSN named EPMOSt that provides monitoring information using a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent. Thus, any management tool that supports the SNMP protocol can be integrated with this monitoring system. Experiments with real sensors were performed in several scenarios. The results obtained show the energy efficiency of the proposed monitoring system and the viability of using it to monitor WSN in real scenarios. PMID:24949639

Prototype Development of a Tradespace Analysis Tool for Spaceflight Medical Resources.

PubMed

Antonsen, Erik L; Mulcahy, Robert A; Rubin, David; Blue, Rebecca S; Canga, Michael A; Shah, Ronak

2018-02-01

The provision of medical care in exploration-class spaceflight is limited by mass, volume, and power constraints, as well as limitations of available skillsets of crewmembers. A quantitative means of exploring the risks and benefits of inclusion or exclusion of onboard medical capabilities may help to inform the development of an appropriate medical system. A pilot project was designed to demonstrate the utility of an early tradespace analysis tool for identifying high-priority resources geared toward properly equipping an exploration mission medical system. Physician subject matter experts identified resources, tools, and skillsets required, as well as associated criticality scores of the same, to meet terrestrial, U.S.-specific ideal medical solutions for conditions concerning for exploration-class spaceflight. A database of diagnostic and treatment actions and resources was created based on this input and weighed against the probabilities of mission-specific medical events to help identify common and critical elements needed in a future exploration medical capability. Analysis of repository data demonstrates the utility of a quantitative method of comparing various medical resources and skillsets for future missions. Directed database queries can provide detailed comparative estimates concerning likelihood of resource utilization within a given mission and the weighted utility of tangible and intangible resources. This prototype tool demonstrates one quantitative approach to the complex needs and limitations of an exploration medical system. While this early version identified areas for refinement in future version development, more robust analysis tools may help to inform the development of a comprehensive medical system for future exploration missions.Antonsen EL, Mulcahy RA, Rubin D, Blue RS, Canga MA, Shah R. Prototype development of a tradespace analysis tool for spaceflight medical resources. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(2):108-114.

Changes in brain activity following intensive voice treatment in children with cerebral palsy.

PubMed

Bakhtiari, Reyhaneh; Cummine, Jacqueline; Reed, Alesha; Fox, Cynthia M; Chouinard, Brea; Cribben, Ivor; Boliek, Carol A

2017-09-01

Eight children (3 females; 8-16 years) with motor speech disorders secondary to cerebral palsy underwent 4 weeks of an intensive neuroplasticity-principled voice treatment protocol, LSVT LOUD ® , followed by a structured 12-week maintenance program. Children were asked to overtly produce phonation (ah) at conversational loudness, cued-phonation at perceived twice-conversational loudness, a series of single words, and a prosodic imitation task while being scanned using fMRI, immediately pre- and post-treatment and 12 weeks following a maintenance program. Eight age- and sex-matched controls were scanned at each of the same three time points. Based on the speech and language literature, 16 bilateral regions of interest were selected a priori to detect potential neural changes following treatment. Reduced neural activity in the motor areas (decreased motor system effort) before and immediately after treatment, and increased activity in the anterior cingulate gyrus after treatment (increased contribution of decision making processes) were observed in the group with cerebral palsy compared to the control group. Using graphical models, post-treatment changes in connectivity were observed between the left supramarginal gyrus and the right supramarginal gyrus and the left precentral gyrus for the children with cerebral palsy, suggesting LSVT LOUD enhanced contributions of the feedback system in the speech production network instead of high reliance on feedforward control system and the somatosensory target map for regulating vocal effort. Network pruning indicates greater processing efficiency and the recruitment of the auditory and somatosensory feedback control systems following intensive treatment. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4413-4429, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

40 CFR 63.7747 - How do I apply for alternative monitoring requirements for a continuous emissions monitoring system?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... monitoring requirements for a continuous emissions monitoring system? 63.7747 Section 63.7747 Protection of... apply for alternative monitoring requirements for a continuous emissions monitoring system? (a) You may... prevention technique, a description of the continuous monitoring system or method including appropriate...

40 CFR 63.7747 - How do I apply for alternative monitoring requirements for a continuous emissions monitoring system?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... monitoring requirements for a continuous emissions monitoring system? 63.7747 Section 63.7747 Protection of... apply for alternative monitoring requirements for a continuous emissions monitoring system? (a) You may... prevention technique, a description of the continuous monitoring system or method including appropriate...

The political ecology of health: perceptions of environment, economy, health and well-being among 'Namgis First Nation.

PubMed

Richmond, C; Elliott, S J; Matthews, R; Elliott, B

2005-12-01

Informed by Mayer's (Progr. Hum. Geogr 20 (1996) 441) political ecology of disease framework, this paper investigates First Nation's perceptions of the links between environment, economy and health and well-being. A case study of 'Namgis First Nation (Alert Bay, British Columbia, Canada) is used to explore the risks and benefits of salmon aquaculture for British Columbia's First Nations. Analysis of interview data (n = 23) indicates strong links between reduced access to environmental resources, marginal participation in the economy, and declining community health and well being. Results suggest that aquaculture development has further decreased the community's access to environmental resources, thereby restricting those economic, social, and cultural activities that determine good health and well-being for this community.

ULTRA-STABILIZED D. C. AMPLIFIER

DOEpatents

Hartwig, E.C.; Kuenning, R.W.; Acker, R.C.

1959-02-17

An improved circuit is described for stabilizing the drift and minimizing the noise and hum level of d-c amplifiers so that the output voltage will be zero when the input is zero. In its detailed aspects, the disclosed circuit incorporates a d-c amplifier having a signal input, a second input, and an output circuit coupled back to the first input of the amplifier through inverse feedback means. An electronically driven chopper having a pair of fixed contacts and a moveable contact alternately connects the two inputs of a difference amplifier to the signal input. The A. E. error signal produced in the difference amplifier is amplified, rectified, and applied to the second input of the amplifier as the d-c stabilizing voltage.

Monitoring Distributed Real-Time Systems: A Survey and Future Directions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goodloe, Alwyn E.; Pike, Lee

2010-01-01

Runtime monitors have been proposed as a means to increase the reliability of safety-critical systems. In particular, this report addresses runtime monitors for distributed hard real-time systems. This class of systems has had little attention from the monitoring community. The need for monitors is shown by discussing examples of avionic systems failure. We survey related work in the field of runtime monitoring. Several potential monitoring architectures for distributed real-time systems are presented along with a discussion of how they might be used to monitor properties of interest.

Current concepts in blood glucose monitoring

PubMed Central

Khadilkar, Kranti Shreesh; Bandgar, Tushar; Shivane, Vyankatesh; Lila, Anurag; Shah, Nalini

2013-01-01

Blood glucose monitoring has evolved over the last century. The concept of adequate glycemic control and minimum glycemic variability requires an ideal, accurate and reliable glucose monitoring system. The search for an ideal blood glucose monitoring system still continues. This review explains the various blood glucose monitoring systems with special focus on the monitoring systems like self- monitored blood glucose (SMBG) and continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). It also focuses on the newer concepts of blood glucose monitoring and their incorporation in routine clinical management of diabetes mellitus. PMID:24910827

21 CFR 876.1725 - Gastrointestinal motility monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Gastrointestinal motility monitoring system. 876... Gastrointestinal motility monitoring system. (a) Identification. A gastrointestinal motility monitoring system is a... esophageal motility monitor and tube, the gastrointestinal motility (electrical) system, and certain...

21 CFR 876.1725 - Gastrointestinal motility monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Gastrointestinal motility monitoring system. 876... Gastrointestinal motility monitoring system. (a) Identification. A gastrointestinal motility monitoring system is a... esophageal motility monitor and tube, the gastrointestinal motility (electrical) system, and certain...

Smart health monitoring systems: an overview of design and modeling.

PubMed

Baig, Mirza Mansoor; Gholamhosseini, Hamid

2013-04-01

Health monitoring systems have rapidly evolved during the past two decades and have the potential to change the way health care is currently delivered. Although smart health monitoring systems automate patient monitoring tasks and, thereby improve the patient workflow management, their efficiency in clinical settings is still debatable. This paper presents a review of smart health monitoring systems and an overview of their design and modeling. Furthermore, a critical analysis of the efficiency, clinical acceptability, strategies and recommendations on improving current health monitoring systems will be presented. The main aim is to review current state of the art monitoring systems and to perform extensive and an in-depth analysis of the findings in the area of smart health monitoring systems. In order to achieve this, over fifty different monitoring systems have been selected, categorized, classified and compared. Finally, major advances in the system design level have been discussed, current issues facing health care providers, as well as the potential challenges to health monitoring field will be identified and compared to other similar systems.

40 CFR 60.2941 - What is my schedule for evaluating continuous emission monitoring systems?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... continuous emission monitoring systems? 60.2941 Section 60.2941 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... emission monitoring systems? (a) Conduct annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems... emission monitoring systems daily and quarterly as specified in appendix F of this part. ...

30 CFR 27.21 - Methane-monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Methane-monitoring system. 27.21 Section 27.21... APPROVAL OF MINING PRODUCTS METHANE-MONITORING SYSTEMS Construction and Design Requirements § 27.21 Methane-monitoring system. (a) A methane-monitoring system shall be so designed that any machine or equipment, which...

30 CFR 27.21 - Methane-monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Methane-monitoring system. 27.21 Section 27.21... APPROVAL OF MINING PRODUCTS METHANE-MONITORING SYSTEMS Construction and Design Requirements § 27.21 Methane-monitoring system. (a) A methane-monitoring system shall be so designed that any machine or equipment, which...

30 CFR 27.21 - Methane-monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Methane-monitoring system. 27.21 Section 27.21... APPROVAL OF MINING PRODUCTS METHANE-MONITORING SYSTEMS Construction and Design Requirements § 27.21 Methane-monitoring system. (a) A methane-monitoring system shall be so designed that any machine or equipment, which...

30 CFR 27.21 - Methane-monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Methane-monitoring system. 27.21 Section 27.21... APPROVAL OF MINING PRODUCTS METHANE-MONITORING SYSTEMS Construction and Design Requirements § 27.21 Methane-monitoring system. (a) A methane-monitoring system shall be so designed that any machine or equipment, which...

30 CFR 27.21 - Methane-monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Methane-monitoring system. 27.21 Section 27.21... APPROVAL OF MINING PRODUCTS METHANE-MONITORING SYSTEMS Construction and Design Requirements § 27.21 Methane-monitoring system. (a) A methane-monitoring system shall be so designed that any machine or equipment, which...

40 CFR 60.3038 - What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... December 9, 2004 Model Rule-Monitoring § 60.3038 What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install? (a) You must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous emission monitoring systems for... system according to the “Monitoring Requirements” in § 60.13. ...

49 CFR 385.703 - Safety monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Safety monitoring system. 385.703 Section 385.703... Safety Monitoring System for Non-North American Carriers § 385.703 Safety monitoring system. (a) General... Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSSs), and Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs). (b) Roadside monitoring...

49 CFR 385.103 - Safety monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Safety monitoring system. 385.103 Section 385.103... Safety Monitoring System for Mexico-Domiciled Carriers § 385.103 Safety monitoring system. (a) General... Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSSs), and Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs). (b) Roadside monitoring...

40 CFR 60.3038 - What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... December 9, 2004 Model Rule-Monitoring § 60.3038 What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install? (a) You must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous emission monitoring systems for... system according to the “Monitoring Requirements” in § 60.13. ...

49 CFR 385.703 - Safety monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Safety monitoring system. 385.703 Section 385.703... Safety Monitoring System for Non-North American Carriers § 385.703 Safety monitoring system. (a) General... Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSSs), and Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs). (b) Roadside monitoring...

49 CFR 385.103 - Safety monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Safety monitoring system. 385.103 Section 385.103... Safety Monitoring System for Mexico-Domiciled Carriers § 385.103 Safety monitoring system. (a) General... Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSSs), and Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs). (b) Roadside monitoring...

Personality and complex brain networks: The role of openness to experience in default network efficiency

PubMed Central

Kaufman, Scott Barry; Benedek, Mathias; Jung, Rex E.; Kenett, Yoed N.; Jauk, Emanuel; Neubauer, Aljoscha C.; Silvia, Paul J.

2015-01-01

Abstract The brain's default network (DN) has been a topic of considerable empirical interest. In fMRI research, DN activity is associated with spontaneous and self‐generated cognition, such as mind‐wandering, episodic memory retrieval, future thinking, mental simulation, theory of mind reasoning, and creative cognition. Despite large literatures on developmental and disease‐related influences on the DN, surprisingly little is known about the factors that impact normal variation in DN functioning. Using structural equation modeling and graph theoretical analysis of resting‐state fMRI data, we provide evidence that Openness to Experience—a normally distributed personality trait reflecting a tendency to engage in imaginative, creative, and abstract cognitive processes—underlies efficiency of information processing within the DN. Across two studies, Openness predicted the global efficiency of a functional network comprised of DN nodes and corresponding edges. In Study 2, Openness remained a robust predictor—even after controlling for intelligence, age, gender, and other personality variables—explaining 18% of the variance in DN functioning. These findings point to a biological basis of Openness to Experience, and suggest that normally distributed personality traits affect the intrinsic architecture of large‐scale brain systems. Hum Brain Mapp 37:773–779, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. PMID:26610181

The Graphical Representation of the Digital Astronaut Physiology Backbone

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Briers, Demarcus

2010-01-01

This report summarizes my internship project with the NASA Digital Astronaut Project to analyze the Digital Astronaut (DA) physiology backbone model. The Digital Astronaut Project (DAP) applies integrated physiology models to support space biomedical operations, and to assist NASA researchers in closing knowledge gaps related to human physiologic responses to space flight. The DA physiology backbone is a set of integrated physiological equations and functions that model the interacting systems of the human body. The current release of the model is HumMod (Human Model) version 1.5 and was developed over forty years at the University of Mississippi Medical Center (UMMC). The physiology equations and functions are scripted in an XML schema specifically designed for physiology modeling by Dr. Thomas G. Coleman at UMMC. Currently it is difficult to examine the physiology backbone without being knowledgeable of the XML schema. While investigating and documenting the tags and algorithms used in the XML schema, I proposed a standard methodology for a graphical representation. This standard methodology may be used to transcribe graphical representations from the DA physiology backbone. In turn, the graphical representations can allow examination of the physiological functions and equations without the need to be familiar with the computer programming languages or markup languages used by DA modeling software.

29 CFR 1954.2 - Monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Monitoring system. 1954.2 Section 1954.2 Labor Regulations...) PROCEDURES FOR THE EVALUATION AND MONITORING OF APPROVED STATE PLANS General § 1954.2 Monitoring system. (a... Act, the Assistant Secretary has established a State Program Performance Monitoring System. Evaluation...

29 CFR 1954.2 - Monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Monitoring system. 1954.2 Section 1954.2 Labor Regulations...) PROCEDURES FOR THE EVALUATION AND MONITORING OF APPROVED STATE PLANS General § 1954.2 Monitoring system. (a... Act, the Assistant Secretary has established a State Program Performance Monitoring System. Evaluation...

29 CFR 1954.2 - Monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Monitoring system. 1954.2 Section 1954.2 Labor Regulations...) PROCEDURES FOR THE EVALUATION AND MONITORING OF APPROVED STATE PLANS General § 1954.2 Monitoring system. (a... Act, the Assistant Secretary has established a State Program Performance Monitoring System. Evaluation...

29 CFR 1954.2 - Monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Monitoring system. 1954.2 Section 1954.2 Labor Regulations...) PROCEDURES FOR THE EVALUATION AND MONITORING OF APPROVED STATE PLANS General § 1954.2 Monitoring system. (a... Act, the Assistant Secretary has established a State Program Performance Monitoring System. Evaluation...

29 CFR 1954.2 - Monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Monitoring system. 1954.2 Section 1954.2 Labor Regulations...) PROCEDURES FOR THE EVALUATION AND MONITORING OF APPROVED STATE PLANS General § 1954.2 Monitoring system. (a... Act, the Assistant Secretary has established a State Program Performance Monitoring System. Evaluation...

40 CFR 60.3040 - What is my schedule for evaluating continuous emission monitoring systems?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... continuous emission monitoring systems? 60.3040 Section 60.3040 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... continuous emission monitoring systems? (a) Conduct annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring... emission monitoring systems daily and quarterly as specified in appendix F of this part. ...

40 CFR 60.2939 - What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... and Qualification Monitoring § 60.2939 What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install? (a) You must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous emission monitoring systems for carbon... carbon monoxide. (b) You must install, evaluate, and operate each continuous emission monitoring system...

40 CFR 60.2939 - What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... and Qualification Monitoring § 60.2939 What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install? (a) You must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous emission monitoring systems for carbon... carbon monoxide. (b) You must install, evaluate, and operate each continuous emission monitoring system...

Wireless patient monitoring system for a moving-actuator type artificial heart.

PubMed

Nam, K W; Chung, J; Choi, S W; Sun, K; Min, B G

2006-10-01

In this study, we developed a wireless monitoring system for outpatients equipped with a moving-actuator type pulsatile bi-ventricular assist device, AnyHeart. The developed monitoring system consists of two parts; a Bluetooth-based short-distance self-monitoring system that can monitor and control the operating status of a VAD using a Bluetooth-embedded personal digital assistant or a personal computer within a distance of 10 meters, and a cellular network-based remote monitoring system that can continuously monitor and control the operating status of AnyHeart at any location. Results of in vitro experiments demonstrate the developed system's ability to monitor the operational status of an implanted AnyHeart.

Hybrid Wireless Hull Monitoring System for Naval Combat Vessels

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

Payload Data Acquisition System (SPDAS) is designed by the Technology Management Group, Inc. ( TMG ). In its design, the monitoring system is intended...monitoring system custom designed by TMG for the U.S. Navy. The Scientific Payload Data Acquisition System (SPDAS) is a wired hull monitoring system

Initial Field Test of a Cloud-Based Cardiac Auscultation System to Determine Murmur Etiology in Rural China.

PubMed

Pyles, Lee; Hemmati, Pouya; Pan, J; Yu, Xiaoju; Liu, Ke; Wang, Jing; Tsakistos, Andreas; Zheleva, Bistra; Shao, Weiguang; Ni, Quan

2017-04-01

A system for collection, distribution, and long distant, asynchronous interpretation of cardiac auscultation has been developed and field-tested in rural China. We initiated a proof-of-concept test as a critical component of design of a system to allow rural physicians with little experience in evaluation of congenital heart disease (CHD) to obtain assistance in diagnosis and management of children with significant heart disease. The project tested the hypothesis that acceptable screening of heart murmurs could be accomplished using a digital stethoscope and internet cloud transmittal to deliver phonocardiograms to an experienced observer. Of the 7993 children who underwent school-based screening in the Menghai District of Yunnan Province, Peoples Republic of China, 149 had a murmur noted by a screener. They had digital heart sounds and phonocardiograms collected with the HeartLink tele auscultation system, and underwent echocardiography by a cardiology resident from the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. The digital phonocardiograms, stored on a cloud server, were later remotely reviewed by a board-certified American pediatric cardiologist. Fourteen of these subjects were found to have CHD confirmed by echocardiogram. Using the HeartLink system, the pediatric cardiologist identified 11 of the 14 subjects with pathological murmurs, and missed three subjects with atrial septal defects, which were incorrectly identified as venous hum or Still's murmur. In addition, ten subjects were recorded as having pathological murmurs, when no CHD was confirmed by echocardiography during the field study. The overall test accuracy was 91% with 78.5% sensitivity and 92.6% specificity. This proof-of-concept study demonstrated the feasibility of differentiating pathologic murmurs due to CHD from normal functional heart murmurs with the HeartLink system. This field study is an initial step to develop a cost-effective CHD screening strategy in low-resource settings with a shortage of trained medical professionals and pediatric heart programs.

40 CFR 265.91 - Ground-water monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Ground-water monitoring system. 265.91... DISPOSAL FACILITIES Ground-Water Monitoring § 265.91 Ground-water monitoring system. (a) A ground-water monitoring system must be capable of yielding ground-water samples for analysis and must consist of: (1...

33 CFR 157.12 - Oil discharge monitoring and control system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Oil discharge monitoring and... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12 Oil discharge monitoring and control system. (a) Each vessel must have an oil discharge monitoring and control system (monitoring system) that...

33 CFR 157.12 - Oil discharge monitoring and control system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Oil discharge monitoring and... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12 Oil discharge monitoring and control system. (a) Each vessel must have an oil discharge monitoring and control system (monitoring system) that...

33 CFR 157.12 - Oil discharge monitoring and control system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Oil discharge monitoring and... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12 Oil discharge monitoring and control system. (a) Each vessel must have an oil discharge monitoring and control system (monitoring system) that...

33 CFR 157.12 - Oil discharge monitoring and control system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Oil discharge monitoring and... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12 Oil discharge monitoring and control system. (a) Each vessel must have an oil discharge monitoring and control system (monitoring system) that...

33 CFR 157.12 - Oil discharge monitoring and control system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Oil discharge monitoring and... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12 Oil discharge monitoring and control system. (a) Each vessel must have an oil discharge monitoring and control system (monitoring system) that...

40 CFR 258.51 - Ground-water monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Ground-water monitoring systems. 258... CRITERIA FOR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS Ground-Water Monitoring and Corrective Action § 258.51 Ground-water monitoring systems. (a) A ground-water monitoring system must be installed that consists of a...

40 CFR 258.51 - Ground-water monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2012-07-01 2011-07-01 true Ground-water monitoring systems. 258.51... FOR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS Ground-Water Monitoring and Corrective Action § 258.51 Ground-water monitoring systems. (a) A ground-water monitoring system must be installed that consists of a...

40 CFR 265.91 - Ground-water monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 27 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Ground-water monitoring system. 265.91... DISPOSAL FACILITIES Ground-Water Monitoring § 265.91 Ground-water monitoring system. (a) A ground-water monitoring system must be capable of yielding ground-water samples for analysis and must consist of: (1...

40 CFR 265.91 - Ground-water monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 27 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Ground-water monitoring system. 265.91... DISPOSAL FACILITIES Ground-Water Monitoring § 265.91 Ground-water monitoring system. (a) A ground-water monitoring system must be capable of yielding ground-water samples for analysis and must consist of: (1...

40 CFR 257.22 - Ground-water monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Ground-water monitoring systems. 257... Waste Disposal Units Ground-Water Monitoring and Corrective Action § 257.22 Ground-water monitoring systems. (a) A ground-water monitoring system must be installed that consists of a sufficient number of...

40 CFR 265.91 - Ground-water monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Ground-water monitoring system. 265.91... DISPOSAL FACILITIES Ground-Water Monitoring § 265.91 Ground-water monitoring system. (a) A ground-water monitoring system must be capable of yielding ground-water samples for analysis and must consist of: (1...

40 CFR 258.51 - Ground-water monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Ground-water monitoring systems. 258... CRITERIA FOR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS Ground-Water Monitoring and Corrective Action § 258.51 Ground-water monitoring systems. (a) A ground-water monitoring system must be installed that consists of a...

40 CFR 257.22 - Ground-water monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Ground-water monitoring systems. 257... Waste Disposal Units Ground-Water Monitoring and Corrective Action § 257.22 Ground-water monitoring systems. (a) A ground-water monitoring system must be installed that consists of a sufficient number of...

40 CFR 60.1250 - What is my schedule for evaluating continuous emission monitoring systems?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... continuous emission monitoring systems? 60.1250 Section 60.1250 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... Continuous Emission Monitoring § 60.1250 What is my schedule for evaluating continuous emission monitoring systems? (a) Conduct annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems no more than 13...

40 CFR 60.1235 - How are the data from the continuous emission monitoring systems used?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... emission monitoring systems used? 60.1235 Section 60.1235 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... Continuous Emission Monitoring § 60.1235 How are the data from the continuous emission monitoring systems used? You must use data from the continuous emission monitoring systems for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen...

40 CFR 60.1235 - How are the data from the continuous emission monitoring systems used?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... emission monitoring systems used? 60.1235 Section 60.1235 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... Continuous Emission Monitoring § 60.1235 How are the data from the continuous emission monitoring systems used? You must use data from the continuous emission monitoring systems for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen...

40 CFR 62.15220 - What additional requirements must I meet for the operation of my continuous emission monitoring...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... meet for the operation of my continuous emission monitoring systems and continuous opacity monitoring system? 62.15220 Section 62.15220 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED... the operation of my continuous emission monitoring systems and continuous opacity monitoring system...

40 CFR 62.15220 - What additional requirements must I meet for the operation of my continuous emission monitoring...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... meet for the operation of my continuous emission monitoring systems and continuous opacity monitoring system? 62.15220 Section 62.15220 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED... the operation of my continuous emission monitoring systems and continuous opacity monitoring system...

A remote drip infusion monitoring system employing Bluetooth.

PubMed

Amano, Hikaru; Ogawa, Hidekuni; Maki, Hiromichi; Tsukamoto, Sosuke; Yonezawa, Yoshiharu; Caldwell, W Morton

2012-01-01

We have developed a remote drip infusion monitoring system for use in hospitals. The system consists of several infusion monitoring devices and a central monitor. The infusion monitoring device employing a Bluetooth module can detect the drip infusion rate and an empty infusion solution bag, and then these data are sent to the central monitor placed at the nurses' station via the Bluetooth. The central monitor receives the data from several infusion monitoring devices and then displays graphically them. Therefore, the developed system can monitor intensively the drip infusion situation of the several patients at the nurses' station.

The future of remote ECG monitoring systems.

PubMed

Guo, Shu-Li; Han, Li-Na; Liu, Hong-Wei; Si, Quan-Jin; Kong, De-Feng; Guo, Fu-Su

2016-09-01

Remote ECG monitoring systems are becoming commonplace medical devices for remote heart monitoring. In recent years, remote ECG monitoring systems have been applied in the monitoring of various kinds of heart diseases, and the quality of the transmission and reception of the ECG signals during remote process kept advancing. However, there remains accompanying challenges. This report focuses on the three components of the remote ECG monitoring system: patient (the end user), the doctor workstation, and the remote server, reviewing and evaluating the imminent challenges on the wearable systems, packet loss in remote transmission, portable ECG monitoring system, patient ECG data collection system, and ECG signals transmission including real-time processing ST segment, R wave, RR interval and QRS wave, etc. This paper tries to clarify the future developmental strategies of the ECG remote monitoring, which can be helpful in guiding the research and development of remote ECG monitoring.

40 CFR 60.1270 - What is required for my continuous opacity monitoring system and how are the data used?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... opacity monitoring system and how are the data used? 60.1270 Section 60.1270 Protection of Environment... Continuous Emission Monitoring § 60.1270 What is required for my continuous opacity monitoring system and how... system. (b) Install, evaluate, and operate each continuous opacity monitoring system according to § 60.13...

Retraction: 'Effect of blonanserin on cognitive function in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia'.

PubMed

Tenjin, Tomomi; Miyamoto, Seiya; Miyake, Nobumi; Ogino, Shin; Kitajima, Rei; Ojima, Kazuaki; Arai, Jun; Teramoto, Haruki; Tsukahara, Sachiko; Ito, Yukie; Tadokoro, Masanori; Anai, Kiriko; Funamoto, Yasuyuki; Kaneda, Yasuhiro; Sumiyoshi, Tomiki; Yamaguchi, Noboru

2017-05-01

The above article from Human Psychopharmacology, first published on 25 January 2012 in Wiley OnlineLibrary (onlinelibrary.wiley.com), and in Volume 90, pp. 90-100, has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, David Baldwin, and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation by the St Marianna University Ethics Committee which determined that the paper was not as originally designed and approved. Tenjin, T., Miyamoto, S., Miyake, N., Ogino, S., Kitajima, R., Ojima, K., … Yamaguchi, N. (2012). Effect of blonanserin on cognitive function in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia. Hum. Psychopharmacol Clin Exp, 27, 90-100. https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.1276. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Early Operations of the Eighth Air Force and the Origins of the Combined Bomber Offensive, 17 August 1942 to 10 June 1943

DTIC Science & Technology

1946-10-01

r«»lly *d«qu*t« aMl * *ad it •arletd, «• It i»er», ^ht fomal «atry of tit». &**!•&*«& W«J»*r» imto «»• Wg U*ftt* of »tr»t»gio boabardbMnt. Hum, f«r... thesi soat was the intanaity ao4 aoouracy of the flak which, unlike that previously experienced, was thro»u up in a "predicted barrage1* rather then in...49, 53, 69, 1% ?!, 78, 9^-97, 103, 109, 175-76, 182, 237, 239, 308, 316 (a 30) CO, 16, 81 Hq.,97 Till Fightwr Coad., 34, 46-47, 240, 308 Cft

Cooperation in lovers: An fNIRS-based hyperscanning study.

PubMed

Pan, Yafeng; Cheng, Xiaojun; Zhang, Zhenxin; Li, Xianchun; Hu, Yi

2017-02-01

This study investigated interactive exchange in lovers and the associated interpersonal brain synchronization (IBS) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based hyperscanning. Three types of female-male dyads, lovers, friends, and strangers, performed a cooperation task during which brain activity was recorded in right frontoparietal regions. We measured better cooperative behavior in lover dyads compared with friend and stranger dyads. Lover dyads demonstrated increased IBS in right superior frontal cortex, which also covaried with their task performance. Granger causality analyses in lover dyads revealed stronger directional synchronization from females to males than from males to females, suggesting different roles for females and males during cooperation. Our study refines the theoretical explanation of romantic interaction between lovers. Hum Brain Mapp 38:831-841, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Mechanism of instabilities in turbulent combustion leading to flashback

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keller, J. O.; Vaneveld, L.; Ghoniem, A. F.; Daily, J. W.; Oppenheim, A. K.; Korschelt, D.; Hubbard, G. L.

1981-01-01

High-speed schlieren cinematography, combined with synchronized pressure transducer records, was used to investigate the mechanism of combustion instabilities leading to flashback. The combustion chamber had an oblong rectangular cross-section to model the essential features of planar flow, and was provided with a rearward facing step acting as a flameholder. As the rich limit was approached, three instability modes were observed: (1) humming - a significant increase in the amplitude of the vortex pattern; (2) buzzing - a large-scale oscillation of the flame; and (3) chucking - a cyclic reformation of the flame, which results in flashback. The mechanism of these phenomena is ascribed to the action of vortices in the recirculation zone and their interactions with the trailing vortex pattern of the turbulent mixing layer behind the step.

HyperCard Monitor System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Julian; Maurer, Hermann

An investigation into high level event monitoring within the scope of a well-known multimedia application, HyperCard--a program on the Macintosh computer, is carried out. A monitoring system is defined as a system which automatically monitors usage of some activity and gathers statistics based on what is has observed. Monitor systems can give the…

40 CFR 60.1765 - What additional requirements must I meet for the operation of my continuous emission monitoring...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... meet for the operation of my continuous emission monitoring systems and continuous opacity monitoring system? 60.1765 Section 60.1765 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... continuous emission monitoring systems and continuous opacity monitoring system? Use the required span values...

40 CFR 60.1765 - What additional requirements must I meet for the operation of my continuous emission monitoring...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... meet for the operation of my continuous emission monitoring systems and continuous opacity monitoring system? 60.1765 Section 60.1765 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... continuous emission monitoring systems and continuous opacity monitoring system? Use the required span values...

Development of living body information monitoring system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sakamoto, Hidetoshi; Ohbuchi, Yoshifumi; Torigoe, Ippei; Miyagawa, Hidekazu; Murayama, Nobuki; Hayashida, Yuki; Igasaki, Tomohiko

2010-03-01

The easy monitoring systems of contact and non-contact living body information for preventing the the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) were proposed as an alternative monitoring system of the infant's vital information. As for the contact monitoring system, respiration sensor, ECG electrodes, thermistor and IC signal processor were integrated into babies' nappy holder. This contact-monitoring unit has RF transmission function and the obtained data are analyzed in real time by PC. In non-contact mortaring system, the infrared thermo camera was used. The surrounding of the infant's mouth and nose is monitored and the respiration rate is obtained by thermal image processing of its temperature change image of expired air. This proposed system of in-sleep infant's vital information monitoring system and unit are very effective as not only infant's condition monitoring but also nursing person's one.

Development of living body information monitoring system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sakamoto, Hidetoshi; Ohbuchi, Yoshifumi; Torigoe, Ippei; Miyagawa, Hidekazu; Murayama, Nobuki; Hayashida, Yuki; Igasaki, Tomohiko

2009-12-01

The easy monitoring systems of contact and non-contact living body information for preventing the the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) were proposed as an alternative monitoring system of the infant's vital information. As for the contact monitoring system, respiration sensor, ECG electrodes, thermistor and IC signal processor were integrated into babies' nappy holder. This contact-monitoring unit has RF transmission function and the obtained data are analyzed in real time by PC. In non-contact mortaring system, the infrared thermo camera was used. The surrounding of the infant's mouth and nose is monitored and the respiration rate is obtained by thermal image processing of its temperature change image of expired air. This proposed system of in-sleep infant's vital information monitoring system and unit are very effective as not only infant's condition monitoring but also nursing person's one.

30 CFR 77.312 - Fail safe monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Fail safe monitoring systems. 77.312 Section 77... Thermal Dryers § 77.312 Fail safe monitoring systems. Thermal dryer systems and controls shall be protected by a fail safe monitoring system which will safely shut down the system and any related equipment...

30 CFR 77.312 - Fail safe monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Fail safe monitoring systems. 77.312 Section 77... Thermal Dryers § 77.312 Fail safe monitoring systems. Thermal dryer systems and controls shall be protected by a fail safe monitoring system which will safely shut down the system and any related equipment...

30 CFR 77.312 - Fail safe monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Fail safe monitoring systems. 77.312 Section 77... Thermal Dryers § 77.312 Fail safe monitoring systems. Thermal dryer systems and controls shall be protected by a fail safe monitoring system which will safely shut down the system and any related equipment...

30 CFR 77.312 - Fail safe monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fail safe monitoring systems. 77.312 Section 77... Thermal Dryers § 77.312 Fail safe monitoring systems. Thermal dryer systems and controls shall be protected by a fail safe monitoring system which will safely shut down the system and any related equipment...

30 CFR 77.312 - Fail safe monitoring systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Fail safe monitoring systems. 77.312 Section 77... Thermal Dryers § 77.312 Fail safe monitoring systems. Thermal dryer systems and controls shall be protected by a fail safe monitoring system which will safely shut down the system and any related equipment...

Integrated photovoltaic (PV) monitoring system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahinder Singh, Balbir Singh; Husain, NurSyahidah; Mohamed, Norani Muti

2012-09-01

The main aim of this research work is to design an accurate and reliable monitoring system to be integrated with solar electricity generating system. The performance monitoring system is required to ensure that the PVEGS is operating at an optimum level. The PV monitoring system is able to measure all the important parameters that determine an optimum performance. The measured values are recorded continuously, as the data acquisition system is connected to a computer, and data is stored at fixed intervals. The data can be locally used and can also be transmitted via internet. The data that appears directly on the local monitoring system is displayed via graphical user interface that was created by using Visual basic and Apache software was used for data transmission The accuracy and reliability of the developed monitoring system was tested against the data that captured simultaneously by using a standard power quality analyzer device. The high correlation which is 97% values indicates the level of accuracy of the monitoring system. The aim of leveraging on a system for continuous monitoring system is achieved, both locally, and can be viewed simultaneously at a remote system.

40 CFR 75.10 - General operating requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... continuous emission monitoring system and a flow monitoring system with an automated data acquisition and handling system for measuring and recording SO2 concentration (in ppm), volumetric gas flow (in scfh), and... emission monitoring system and a flow monitoring system with an automated data acquisition and handling...

21 CFR 884.2800 - Computerized Labor Monitoring System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Computerized Labor Monitoring System. 884.2800... Devices § 884.2800 Computerized Labor Monitoring System. (a) Identification. A computerized labor monitoring system is a system intended to continuously measure cervical dilation and fetal head descent and...

Local Pressure Application Effects on Discomfort, Temperature, and Limb Oxygenation.

PubMed

Games, Kenneth E; Lakin, Joni M; Quindry, John C; Weimar, Wendi H; Sefton, JoEllen M

2016-08-01

Despite significant investment into the development and improvement of military helicopter seat systems, military aviators continue to report seat system related pain and discomfort during prolonged missions. Using a factorial repeated measures design, 15 healthy subjects completed the study, in which focal pressure was applied to two locations on the sitting surfaces of the body (ischial tuberosity and middle of the posterior thigh). Pressure was applied using a purpose-built pressure application system allowing subjects to sit in a position mimicking the sitting position in the UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter. The researchers measured pain using the Category Partitioning Scale and McGill Pain Questionnaire and vascular function using dynamic infrared thermography in the lower leg and pulse oximetry at the great toe. Data were collected before and during a 10-min application of focal pressure applied to either the ischial tuberosity or middle of the posterior thigh and at two different pressure magnitudes (36 or 44 kPa). We found that during a 10-min pressure application, superficial skin temperature increased by 0.61°C, suggesting a decreased venous return during pressure application. We found that lower extremity blood oxygenation remained unchanged during pressure application. Subjects' reported pain increased during pressure application and was greater with 44 kPa of application compared to 36 kPa. These results support the hypothesis that locally high pressure creates symptoms of discomfort and paresthesia. Research examining the effects of local pressure application on physiological and neurological function is needed. Games KE, Lakin JM, Quindry JC, Weimar WH, Sefton JM. Local pressure application effects on discomfort, temperature, and limb oxygenation. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(8):697-703.

Analysis of structure-function network decoupling in the brain systems of spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.

PubMed

Lee, Dongha; Pae, Chongwon; Lee, Jong Doo; Park, Eun Sook; Cho, Sung-Rae; Um, Min-Hee; Lee, Seung-Koo; Oh, Maeng-Keun; Park, Hae-Jeong

2017-10-01

Manifestation of the functionalities from the structural brain network is becoming increasingly important to understand a brain disease. With the aim of investigating the differential structure-function couplings according to network systems, we investigated the structural and functional brain networks of patients with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy with periventricular leukomalacia compared to healthy controls. The structural and functional networks of the whole brain and motor system, constructed using deterministic and probabilistic tractography of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance images and Pearson and partial correlation analyses of resting-state functional magnetic resonance images, showed differential embedding of functional networks in the structural networks in patients. In the whole-brain network of patients, significantly reduced global network efficiency compared to healthy controls were found in the structural networks but not in the functional networks, resulting in reduced structural-functional coupling. On the contrary, the motor network of patients had a significantly lower functional network efficiency over the intact structural network and a lower structure-function coupling than the control group. This reduced coupling but reverse directionality in the whole-brain and motor networks of patients was prominent particularly between the probabilistic structural and partial correlation-based functional networks. Intact (or less deficient) functional network over impaired structural networks of the whole brain and highly impaired functional network topology over the intact structural motor network might subserve relatively preserved cognitions and impaired motor functions in cerebral palsy. This study suggests that the structure-function relationship, evaluated specifically using sparse functional connectivity, may reveal important clues to functional reorganization in cerebral palsy. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5292-5306, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

40 CFR 65.161 - Continuous records and monitoring system data handling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Routing to a Fuel Gas System or a Process § 65.161 Continuous records and monitoring system data handling...) Monitoring system breakdowns, repairs, preventive maintenance, calibration checks, and zero (low-level) and... section unless an alternative monitoring or recordkeeping system has been requested and approved under...

40 CFR 65.161 - Continuous records and monitoring system data handling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Routing to a Fuel Gas System or a Process § 65.161 Continuous records and monitoring system data handling...) Monitoring system breakdowns, repairs, preventive maintenance, calibration checks, and zero (low-level) and... section unless an alternative monitoring or recordkeeping system has been requested and approved under...

40 CFR 75.13 - Specific provisions for monitoring CO2 emissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Specific provisions for monitoring CO2... monitoring CO2 emissions. (a) CO 2 continuous emission monitoring system. If the owner or operator chooses to... operating requirements in § 75.10 for a CO2 continuous emission monitoring system and flow monitoring system...

40 CFR 75.13 - Specific provisions for monitoring CO2 emissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Specific provisions for monitoring CO2... monitoring CO2 emissions. (a) CO 2 continuous emission monitoring system. If the owner or operator chooses to... operating requirements in § 75.10 for a CO2 continuous emission monitoring system and flow monitoring system...

40 CFR 75.13 - Specific provisions for monitoring CO2 emissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 17 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Specific provisions for monitoring CO2... monitoring CO2 emissions. (a) CO 2 continuous emission monitoring system. If the owner or operator chooses to... operating requirements in § 75.10 for a CO2 continuous emission monitoring system and flow monitoring system...

Use of Low-Cost Acquisition Systems with an Embedded Linux Device for Volcanic Monitoring

PubMed Central

Moure, David; Torres, Pedro; Casas, Benito; Toma, Daniel; Blanco, María José; Del Río, Joaquín; Manuel, Antoni

2015-01-01

This paper describes the development of a low-cost multiparameter acquisition system for volcanic monitoring that is applicable to gravimetry and geodesy, as well as to the visual monitoring of volcanic activity. The acquisition system was developed using a System on a Chip (SoC) Broadcom BCM2835 Linux operating system (based on DebianTM) that allows for the construction of a complete monitoring system offering multiple possibilities for storage, data-processing, configuration, and the real-time monitoring of volcanic activity. This multiparametric acquisition system was developed with a software environment, as well as with different hardware modules designed for each parameter to be monitored. The device presented here has been used and validated under different scenarios for monitoring ocean tides, ground deformation, and gravity, as well as for monitoring with images the island of Tenerife and ground deformation on the island of El Hierro. PMID:26295394

Use of Low-Cost Acquisition Systems with an Embedded Linux Device for Volcanic Monitoring.

PubMed

Moure, David; Torres, Pedro; Casas, Benito; Toma, Daniel; Blanco, María José; Del Río, Joaquín; Manuel, Antoni

2015-08-19

This paper describes the development of a low-cost multiparameter acquisition system for volcanic monitoring that is applicable to gravimetry and geodesy, as well as to the visual monitoring of volcanic activity. The acquisition system was developed using a System on a Chip (SoC) Broadcom BCM2835 Linux operating system (based on DebianTM) that allows for the construction of a complete monitoring system offering multiple possibilities for storage, data-processing, configuration, and the real-time monitoring of volcanic activity. This multiparametric acquisition system was developed with a software environment, as well as with different hardware modules designed for each parameter to be monitored. The device presented here has been used and validated under different scenarios for monitoring ocean tides, ground deformation, and gravity, as well as for monitoring with images the island of Tenerife and ground deformation on the island of El Hierro.

Systems safety monitoring using the National Full-Scale Aerodynamic Complex Bar Chart Monitor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jung, Oscar

1990-01-01

Attention is given to the Bar Chart Monitor system designed for safety monitoring of all model and facility test-related articles in wind tunnels. The system's salient features and its integration into the data acquisition system are discussed.

40 CFR 75.40 - General demonstration requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... (CONTINUED) CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING Alternative Monitoring Systems § 75.40 General demonstration... continuous emission monitoring system may apply to the Administrator for approval of an alternative monitoring system (or system component) to determine average hourly emission data for SO2, NOX, and/or...

Clinical Impact of Accurate Point-of-Care Glucose Monitoring for Tight Glycemic Control in Severely Burned Children.

PubMed

Tran, Nam K; Godwin, Zachary R; Steele, Amanda N; Wolf, Steven E; Palmieri, Tina L

2016-09-01

The goal of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical impact of an accurate autocorrecting blood glucose monitoring system in children with severe burns. Blood glucose monitoring system accuracy is essential for providing appropriate intensive insulin therapy and achieving tight glycemic control in critically ill patients. Unfortunately, few comparison studies have been performed to evaluate the clinical impact of accurate blood glucose monitoring system monitoring in the high-risk pediatric burn population. Retrospective analysis of an electronic health record system. Pediatric burn ICU at an academic medical center. Children (aged < 18 yr) with severe burns (≥ 20% total body surface area) receiving intensive insulin therapy guided by either a noncorrecting (blood glucose monitoring system-1) or an autocorrecting blood glucose monitoring system (blood glucose monitoring system-2). Patient demographics, insulin rates, and blood glucose monitoring system measurements were collected. The frequency of hypoglycemia and glycemic variability was compared between the two blood glucose monitoring system groups. A total of 122 patient charts from 2001 to 2014 were reviewed. Sixty-three patients received intensive insulin therapy using blood glucose monitoring system-1 and 59 via blood glucose monitoring system-2. Patient demographics were similar between the two groups. Mean insulin infusion rates (5.1 ± 3.8 U/hr; n = 535 paired measurements vs 2.4 ± 1.3 U/hr; n = 511 paired measurements; p < 0.001), glycemic variability, and frequency of hypoglycemic events (90 vs 12; p < 0.001) were significantly higher in blood glucose monitoring system-1-treated patients. Compared with laboratory measurements, blood glucose monitoring system-2 yielded the most accurate results (mean ± SD bias: -1.7 ± 6.9 mg/dL [-0.09 ± 0.4 mmol/L] vs 7.4 ± 13.5 mg/dL [0.4 ± 0.7 mmol/L]). Blood glucose monitoring system-2 patients achieve glycemic control more quickly (5.7 ± 4.3 vs 13.1 ± 6.9 hr; p< 0.001) and stayed within the target glycemic control range longer compared with blood glucose monitoring system-1 patients (85.2% ± 13.9% vs 57.9% ± 29.1%; p < 0.001). Accurate autocorrecting blood glucose monitoring system optimizes intensive insulin therapy, improves tight glycemic control, and reduces the risk of hypoglycemia and glycemic variability. The use of an autocorrecting blood glucose monitoring system for intensive insulin therapy may improve glycemic control in severely burned children.

40 CFR 75.24 - Out-of-control periods and adjustment for system bias.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... § 75.24 Out-of-control periods and adjustment for system bias. (a) If an out-of-control period occurs... monitor or continuous emission monitoring system is out-of-control, any data recorded by the monitor or... pursuant to § 75.32 of this part. (c) When a monitor or continuous emission monitoring system is out-of...

Coma Patient Monitoring System Using Image Processing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sankalp, Meenu

2011-12-01

COMA PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEM provides high quality healthcare services in the near future. To provide more convenient and comprehensive medical monitoring in big hospitals since it is tough job for medical personnel to monitor each patient for 24 hours.. The latest development in patient monitoring system can be used in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Critical Care Unit (CCU), and Emergency Rooms of hospital. During treatment, the patient monitor is continuously monitoring the coma patient to transmit the important information. Also in the emergency cases, doctor are able to monitor patient condition efficiently to reduce time consumption, thus it provides more effective healthcare system. So due to importance of patient monitoring system, the continuous monitoring of the coma patient can be simplified. This paper investigates about the effects seen in the patient using "Coma Patient Monitoring System" which is a very advanced product related to physical changes in body movement of the patient and gives Warning in form of alarm and display on the LCD in less than one second time. It also passes a sms to a person sitting at the distant place if there exists any movement in any body part of the patient. The model for the system uses Keil software for the software implementation of the developed system.

On the matter of the reliability of the chemical monitoring system based on the modern control and monitoring devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andriushin, A. V.; Dolbikova, N. S.; Kiet, S. V.; Merzlikina, E. I.; Nikitina, I. S.

2017-11-01

The reliability of the main equipment of any power station depends on the correct water chemistry. In order to provide it, it is necessary to monitor the heat carrier quality, which, in its turn, is provided by the chemical monitoring system. Thus, the monitoring system reliability plays an important part in providing reliability of the main equipment. The monitoring system reliability is determined by the reliability and structure of its hardware and software consisting of sensors, controllers, HMI and so on [1,2]. Workers of a power plant dealing with the measuring equipment must be informed promptly about any breakdowns in the monitoring system, in this case they are able to remove the fault quickly. A computer consultant system for personnel maintaining the sensors and other chemical monitoring equipment can help to notice faults quickly and identify their possible causes. Some technical solutions for such a system are considered in the present paper. The experimental results were obtained on the laboratory and experimental workbench representing a physical model of a part of the chemical monitoring system.

Physiologic monitoring. A guide to networking your monitoring systems.

PubMed

2011-10-01

There are many factors to consider when choosing a physiologic monitoring system. not only should these systems perform well clinically, but they should also be able to exchange data with other information systems. We discuss some of the ins and outs of physiologic monitoring system networking and highlight eight product lines from seven suppliers.

Shared performance monitor in a multiprocessor system

DOEpatents

Chiu, George; Gara, Alan G; Salapura, Valentina

2014-12-02

A performance monitoring unit (PMU) and method for monitoring performance of events occurring in a multiprocessor system. The multiprocessor system comprises a plurality of processor devices units, each processor device for generating signals representing occurrences of events in the processor device, and, a single shared counter resource for performance monitoring. The performance monitor unit is shared by all processor cores in the multiprocessor system. The PMU is further programmed to monitor event signals issued from non-processor devices.

21 CFR 884.2800 - Computerized Labor Monitoring System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... monitoring system is a system intended to continuously measure cervical dilation and fetal head descent and... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Computerized Labor Monitoring System. 884.2800... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES OBSTETRICAL AND GYNECOLOGICAL DEVICES Obstetrical and Gynecological Monitoring...

21 CFR 884.2800 - Computerized Labor Monitoring System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... monitoring system is a system intended to continuously measure cervical dilation and fetal head descent and... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Computerized Labor Monitoring System. 884.2800... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES OBSTETRICAL AND GYNECOLOGICAL DEVICES Obstetrical and Gynecological Monitoring...

21 CFR 884.2800 - Computerized Labor Monitoring System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... monitoring system is a system intended to continuously measure cervical dilation and fetal head descent and... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Computerized Labor Monitoring System. 884.2800... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES OBSTETRICAL AND GYNECOLOGICAL DEVICES Obstetrical and Gynecological Monitoring...

Procedure 5 Quality Assurance Requirements For Vapor Phase Mercury Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems And Sorbent Trap Monitoring Systems Used For Compliance Determination At Stationary Sources

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Promulgated quality assurance Procedure 5 Quality Assurance Requirements For Vapor Phase Mercury Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems And Sorbent Trap Monitoring Systems Used For Compliance Determination At Stationary Sources

40 CFR 60.2941 - What is my schedule for evaluating continuous emission monitoring systems?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... continuous emission monitoring systems? 60.2941 Section 60.2941 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES... emission monitoring systems? (a) Conduct annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems...

77 FR 18709 - Quality Assurance Requirements for Continuous Opacity Monitoring Systems at Stationary Sources

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-28

... Quality Assurance Requirements for Continuous Opacity Monitoring Systems at Stationary Sources AGENCY... direct final rule titled ``Quality Assurance Requirements for Continuous Opacity Monitoring Systems at...--Quality Assurance Requirements for Continuous Opacity Monitoring Systems at Stationary Sources Docket, EPA...

A remote condition monitoring system for wind-turbine based DG systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, X.; Wang, G.; Cross, P.; Zhang, X.

2012-05-01

In this paper, a remote condition monitoring system is proposed, which fundamentally consists of real-time monitoring modules on the plant side, a remote support centre and the communications between them. The paper addresses some of the key issues related on the monitoring system, including i) the implementation and configuration of a VPN connection, ii) an effective database system to be able to handle huge amount of monitoring data, and iii) efficient data mining techniques to convert raw data into useful information for plant assessment. The preliminary results have demonstrated that the proposed system is practically feasible and can be deployed to monitor the emerging new energy generation systems.

Demonstration of subsidence monitoring system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Conroy, P. J.; Gyarmaty, J. H.; Pearson, M. L.

1981-06-01

Data on coal mine subsidence were studied as a basis for the development of subsidence control technology. Installation, monitoring, and evaluation of three subsidence monitoring instrument systems were examined: structure performance, performance of supported systems, and performance of caving systems. Objectives of the instrument program were: (1) to select, test, assemble, install, monitor, and maintain all instrumentation required for implementing the three subsidence monitoring systems; and (2) to evaluate performance of each instrument individually and as part of the appropriate monitoring system or systems. The use of an automatic level and a rod extensometer for measuring structure performance, and the automatic level, steel tape extensometer, FPBX, FPBI, USBM borehole deformation gauge, and vibrating wire stressmeters for measuring the performance of caving systems are recommended.

21 CFR 880.2420 - Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion... and Personal Use Monitoring Devices § 880.2420 Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems. (a) Identification. An electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems is a device used to...

21 CFR 880.2420 - Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion... and Personal Use Monitoring Devices § 880.2420 Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems. (a) Identification. An electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems is a device used to...

21 CFR 880.2420 - Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion... and Personal Use Monitoring Devices § 880.2420 Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems. (a) Identification. An electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems is a device used to...

21 CFR 880.2420 - Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion... and Personal Use Monitoring Devices § 880.2420 Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems. (a) Identification. An electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems is a device used to...

21 CFR 880.2420 - Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion... and Personal Use Monitoring Devices § 880.2420 Electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems. (a) Identification. An electronic monitor for gravity flow infusion systems is a device used to...

40 CFR 60.2939 - What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... systems must I install? 60.2939 Section 60.2939 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... and Qualification Monitoring § 60.2939 What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install? (a) You must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous emission monitoring systems for carbon...

Introducing a new monitoring manual for home fortification and strengthening capacity to monitor nutrition interventions.

PubMed

Jefferds, Maria Elena D; Flores-Ayala, Rafael

2015-12-01

Lack of monitoring capacity is a key barrier for nutrition interventions and limits programme management, decision making and programme effectiveness in many low-income and middle-income countries. A 2011 global assessment reported lack of monitoring capacity was the top barrier for home fortification interventions, such as micronutrient powders or lipid-based nutrient supplements. A Manual for Developing and Implementing Monitoring Systems for Home Fortification Interventions was recently disseminated. It is comprehensive and describes monitoring concepts and frameworks and includes monitoring tools and worksheets. The monitoring manual describes the steps of developing and implementing a monitoring system for home fortification interventions, including identifying and engaging stakeholders; developing a programme description including logic model and logical framework; refining the purpose of the monitoring system, identifying users and their monitoring needs; describing the design of the monitoring system; developing indicators; describing the core components of a comprehensive monitoring plan; and considering factors related to stage of programme development, sustainability and scale up. A fictional home fortification example is used throughout the monitoring manual to illustrate these steps. The monitoring manual is a useful tool to support the development and implementation of home fortification intervention monitoring systems. In the context of systematic capacity gaps to design, implement and monitor nutrition interventions in many low-income and middle-income countries, the dissemination of new tools, such as monitoring manuals may have limited impact without additional attention to strengthening other individual, organisational and systems levels capacities. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

Towards an Ontology-Based Approach to Support Monitoring the Data of the International Monitoring System (IMS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laban, Shaban; El-Desouky, Ali

2010-05-01

The heterogeneity of the distributed processing systems, monitored data and resources is an obvious challenge in monitoring the data of International Monitoring System (IMS) of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty organization (CTBTO). Processing engineers, analysts, operators and other interested parties seek for intelligent tools and software that hide the underlying complexity of the systems, allowing them to manage the operation and monitoring the systems at a higher level, focusing on what the expected behavior and results should be instead of how to specifically achieve it. Also, it is needed to share common understanding of the structure of organization information, data, and products among staff, software agents, and policy making organs. Additionally, introducing new monitoring object or system should not complicate the overall system and should be feasible. An ontologybased approach is presented in this paper aiming to support monitoring real-time data processing and supervising the various system resources, focusing on integrating and sharing same knowledge and status information of the system among different environments. The results of a prototype framework is presented and analyzed.

General Purpose Data-Driven Online System Health Monitoring with Applications to Space Operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Iverson, David L.; Spirkovska, Lilly; Schwabacher, Mark

2010-01-01

Modern space transportation and ground support system designs are becoming increasingly sophisticated and complex. Determining the health state of these systems using traditional parameter limit checking, or model-based or rule-based methods is becoming more difficult as the number of sensors and component interactions grows. Data-driven monitoring techniques have been developed to address these issues by analyzing system operations data to automatically characterize normal system behavior. System health can be monitored by comparing real-time operating data with these nominal characterizations, providing detection of anomalous data signatures indicative of system faults, failures, or precursors of significant failures. The Inductive Monitoring System (IMS) is a general purpose, data-driven system health monitoring software tool that has been successfully applied to several aerospace applications and is under evaluation for anomaly detection in vehicle and ground equipment for next generation launch systems. After an introduction to IMS application development, we discuss these NASA online monitoring applications, including the integration of IMS with complementary model-based and rule-based methods. Although the examples presented in this paper are from space operations applications, IMS is a general-purpose health-monitoring tool that is also applicable to power generation and transmission system monitoring.

An Internet of Things based physiological signal monitoring and receiving system for virtual enhanced health care network.

PubMed

Rajan, J Pandia; Rajan, S Edward

2018-01-01

Wireless physiological signal monitoring system designing with secured data communication in the health care system is an important and dynamic process. We propose a signal monitoring system using NI myRIO connected with the wireless body sensor network through multi-channel signal acquisition method. Based on the server side validation of the signal, the data connected to the local server is updated in the cloud. The Internet of Things (IoT) architecture is used to get the mobility and fast access of patient data to healthcare service providers. This research work proposes a novel architecture for wireless physiological signal monitoring system using ubiquitous healthcare services by virtual Internet of Things. We showed an improvement in method of access and real time dynamic monitoring of physiological signal of this remote monitoring system using virtual Internet of thing approach. This remote monitoring and access system is evaluated in conventional value. This proposed system is envisioned to modern smart health care system by high utility and user friendly in clinical applications. We claim that the proposed scheme significantly improves the accuracy of the remote monitoring system compared to the other wireless communication methods in clinical system.

21 CFR 876.1725 - Gastrointestinal motility monitoring system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Gastrointestinal motility monitoring system. 876... Gastrointestinal motility monitoring system. (a) Identification. A gastrointestinal motility monitoring system is a device used to measure peristalic activity or pressure in the stomach or esophagus by means of a probe...

40 CFR 60.1730 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.1730 Section 60.1730 Protection of Environment... continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure oxygen (or carbon dioxide...

40 CFR 60.1730 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.1730 Section 60.1730 Protection of Environment... continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure oxygen (or carbon dioxide...

40 CFR 62.15185 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 62.15185 Section 62.15185 Protection of Environment... make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure oxygen (or...

40 CFR 60.2940 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.2940 Section 60.2940 Protection of Environment... monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure carbon monoxide and oxygen. (b) Complete your...

40 CFR 60.3039 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.3039 Section 60.3039 Protection of Environment... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure carbon monoxide and oxygen. (b...

40 CFR 60.1730 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.1730 Section 60.1730 Protection of Environment... continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure oxygen (or carbon dioxide...

40 CFR 60.2940 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.2940 Section 60.2940 Protection of Environment... monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure carbon monoxide and oxygen. (b) Complete your...

40 CFR 60.2940 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.2940 Section 60.2940 Protection of Environment... monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure carbon monoxide and oxygen. (b) Complete your...

40 CFR 60.1730 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.1730 Section 60.1730 Protection of Environment... continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure oxygen (or carbon dioxide...

40 CFR 60.3039 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.3039 Section 60.3039 Protection of Environment... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure carbon monoxide and oxygen. (b...

40 CFR 62.15185 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 62.15185 Section 62.15185 Protection of Environment... make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure oxygen (or...

40 CFR 60.3039 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.3039 Section 60.3039 Protection of Environment... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure carbon monoxide and oxygen. (b...

40 CFR 60.3039 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.3039 Section 60.3039 Protection of Environment... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure carbon monoxide and oxygen. (b...

40 CFR 60.1730 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 60.1730 Section 60.1730 Protection of Environment... continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure oxygen (or carbon dioxide...

40 CFR 62.15185 - How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? 62.15185 Section 62.15185 Protection of Environment... make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly? (a) Conduct initial, daily, quarterly, and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure oxygen (or...